Paleontographica Americana Begun in 1916 NUMBER 60 AUGUST 4, 1998 Upper Cretaceous Trochacean Gastropods from Puerto Rico and Jamaica by Norman FE Sohl PALEONTOLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTION Officers | 84 23 EES) 1D) EIN PRR Sek r eR Miss aR ik Ey Oh a ceten ay PHEMEG Io oh OIG EE OIO ae SHIRLEY K. EGAN BIRST IWICE=PRESIDENI arya Seer eee enone hetwralloreroee JOHN C. STEINMETZ SECOND? VICE=PRESIDENTD my cree te eee eee neeeucteteleeks THOMAS C. WHITELEY GEGRETAR Visitor ait rere o aia ea Tau oA SUCHE Sec S ay Ae tenors uertaee eh enare ce HENRY W. THEISEN FPREASURERYs Pie ivatas baka ercnatabe deca eieneysueuoi tier sustercuclelentue cuemovers HOWARD P. HARTNETT PD IRE CTOR Wty ene ses heer ae ee aac cr PTB OTR esta AC ay Ste ee ore GSE btn erent WARREN D. ALLMON Trustees CARLTON E. BretTT (to 6/30/01) MEGAN D. SHAy (to 6/30/99) WILLIAM L. CREPET (to 6/30/00) CONSTANCE M. Soja (to 6/30/00) J. THOMAS DuTRO, JR. (to 6/30/99) JOHN C. STEINMETZ (to 6/30/00) SHIRLEY K. EGAN (to 6/30/01) PETER B. STIFEL (to 6/30/00) HOWARD P. HARTNETT (to 6/30/99) HENRY W. THEISEN (to 6/30/01) PATRICIA A. JOHNSON (to 6/30/01) GREGORY P. WAHLMAN (to 6/30/99) Harry G. LEE (to 6/30/00) THOMAS E. WHITELEY (to 6/30/00) AMY R. MCCUNE (to 6/30/00) Trustees Emeritus HARRY A. LEFFINGWELL ROBERT M. LINSLEY SAMUEL T. PEES EDWARD B. PICOU JAMES E. SORAUF RAYMOND VAN HOUTTE WILLIAM P. S. VENTRESS BULLETINS OF AMERICAN PALEONTOLOGY and PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA IWSARRENGID Ve ATEIEMON are cierar econ sho ncewal catia dee tava iat atlaulaide Lev olor oueweyonelswarovons elses eer EDITOR Reviewers for this issue G. LYNN BREWSTER-WINGARD ROBERT B. BLODGETT A list of titles in both series, and available numbers and volumes may be had on request. Volumes 1—23 of Bulletins of American Paleontology are available from Periodicals Service Company, 11 Main St., Germantown, New York 12526 USA. Volume 1 of Palaeontographica Americana has been reprinted by Johnson Reprint Corporation, 111 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10003 USA. Subscriptions to Bulletins of American Paleontology may be started at any time, by volume or year. Current price is US $75.00 per volume. Numbers of Palaeontographica Americana are priced individually, and are invoiced separately on request. for additional information, write or call: Paleontological Research Institution 1259 Trumansburg Road Ithaca, NY 14850 USA (607) 273-6623 FAX (607) 273-6620 © This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). Paleontographica IBRARY SEP 04 1998 Americana Begun in 1916 NUMBER 60 AUGUST 4, 1998 Upper Cretaceous Trochacean Gastropods from Puerto Rico and Jamaica by Norman FE. Sohl Paleontological Research Institution 1259 Trumansburg Road Ithaca, New York, 14850 U.S.A. ISSN 0078-8546 ISBN 0-87710-447-6 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 97-075706 Printed in the United States of America Allen Press, Inc. Lawrence, KS 66044 U.S.A. CONTENTS Rorew Ordibys Gailey nny Brew SLEr WAN SALcl tere cect snevetieteys er set ciate Mee a ener eres ae Sheets foo 2¥ 20. Pigs Str yhe ou PS TORS NOLES ileal AROUCRTE rca SS es JADRAGT. Socoraty lc. bro Gate-byoxcsotya/4 Orne cmoucachal Crore COINS Clot osc es een Bie kent Cuan oe cacrero.a hero aka acid ieee PXCKNOWIEGCRMICIES ieee eye nee aie hae: ete oY cern cay sk sie ene eRe SUSUR PRS OME SES ise a. SRS MCI ous ens Sean eet eviel ssi oie. m Ancicuapehs GueReee eee GeologiciScttingmermncaiyar eine ac) tarsi ere hs neye ce veeeea Meee sterst Mena ey smeristarscri st octave Fy shttsi dc Shar is tale) Beast aati aoe) epee Cheeta oueese CretaccOuSMILOCNACEAG mes eene rte ye tet Dec Pte sty aPrayheVis: SNe tcitet cl toe alte tans ROR EMe eer SS ta ein hcsuche S 3.C, uid, Ssice tele raRey eh Seniencaes GAS We Lc ea ee aI amily eiurbinidacirahnesque sl Sil ies vaya cra ois) -1 Stenseeeeh stem ore eater aN once sere ei erere) ae Bede arte oA Ee LE en eee nett SubtamilyalciottinaeyA damsrandeAdams cl@54 22 se esccns ane eae here ete tno licg sje eek tole oheaden cas Oe on eee Subfamily sAnganiinaceMnicle O24 02, shez ssye = odes raves SAO Sw Gis ave. ha aut d GTEC) es, Stee Seca HEREIN ee Subfamily7EollonunaeCossmann’, UO Ge asec aoe ces cusuees eave cansectetsy castes sist Gusts Asatge Gs Ant op AERO Cucieue catieei CRE RE ee SuUbfamilymurbininae WRafin esque aU SUS! ye ct aceasta epen8 A eles Rapa tee cis) # gens Oa Gyes Sec eae ae Sa Se eeuree se Gace ee Subfamilygehasianellinaecs wainson 184.0) spa ceyrveisecie eas se eieesetus ct es ces ee. Fleury ee Sie Rer IE ELC ae eee BamilyairochidaewRafinesque sl Gjls mere vcmea cen east cs sttsu cians. peeeee is i Me eieue Re usmeussSuaps ch eae acho oney spokane eel ite ac ace eee Subfamil ygeucyclinacwwokens: WS 97 i tema echoes eek vie) trey alsa hiro cecmat ore en ers vest ato sen Soyer nhc y ar ays SaemensL ere eae ee eee een eae SubfamilysMargaritinacrs touczkas sl S689 sits cw tate atyed saunders tapas et ce cw sea) = creat zeke hence DES Suom tore Moen ee SubfamilystrochinaesRatinesquesd SUS ssh pam cecrntete a yicve arses SH is fe sided tea e ye Seay wh cena tee ep ees unc eee ca ene SubfamilyeStomatellinaeiGrayMUS4Oh Sy ceases cat please thn G, Sees 2y'er 2 5) ay F | Sale Sabena) @geoes SEONG eu TGMenI WO eNO coe Subfamilya@alliostomatinae’Uhicle hl O24 a weecrw menses eecteu ae) 2 eure tei ere ue See ei Bis ACTS SIAR he GER oe eR Cay a Be Ee SubfamilysSolariellinacwPowell MiO5 il) & x acpauercney chert aoc coe: Grae She anavege cine ete OTR Rice Ede OO oor SubfamilyaWU mbontinaeyAdamssandeAdams. i894 seers = ens e)eyeee ee icnsiel yr eie) eee cecal Cie Cie cee eee eee oe AntiileannGastlLopod*@ccurwrenGe! sts tenchon ee nseu sheer As nerea wcll Rav oy ©) Shelceene) sata va ohne ve pens|eucla ye Sik scour se Ui) ca ele eee ULE COOL MRAM HaTIN atetes Ara enere ote evecare cm alaie us (ayer ener sigeusest asi2 Ts sysrtis es ayieitavtecty:e) ele ueitS) StS) Sacpsp oat penGac as POSS Uae cE esi OTE ee rochaccanmViorphologics Trends #merrwttem xefeuctey sk ess) oye C/G aos 6 si @. Gey Sines eee Se ar AE RN Oe wap AED Sac gs tee ue ESA Eee Stratigraphic Summary of Antillean' Upper’€retaceous Trochacean Occurrence’... . 5.2.02 eee ss ees ee neem sees se sesct Strattera physand se OcalibyARe SIStehie ree ryt Cre Ph ny gic oees tens lensier eke aera =e haat ak kis ISP cae Ge Ee ee eee LPUHYS Zo) I GIO) Grate chy apa rote OTS Olaenig.o iO ONT OTA tate Ao RSAC OS OORT ae aoen cu rs ENCES. clic iri cente nened emma ie hia choca Ss los ered Gayeve@uadrang levers trey emeeen wea sss as fs spiel Sureeran asus Ste Fem case otis oe SHEN ee eles Sulsoieey © Coe c IST OR Oo CRE Beate RC ee GentralvAgnime: Quadrangles ey tenecs 4 cies cirri es vaacee cho ee! esha Sete: aval a-ersican,cusitsys, See eka acocks Rote Ie EIR Ee Barranquitas: Quadrangles. es. wcsyee yocsnsrsaswey visi sas alse oh af levevey 2 sens alr keg anaes aeecy oe eI Rok Oe @rocovis*@Quadran elem as cre yer NereKen ect ese Aisa ee 8) Sl aT ices ORIN 0 ON AE Sie eu oe Ea ie eee ees SabanasGrande: Quadrangle wercners cheat neyo) sysys- waka oa al av aks caus ipa open: sen cin Utes epee Io eR Re OE ee Sane German’ Ouadran slo tweet wets yer ws ee eee ae ap eee ey ein Pte ctes SEM pail SNR: PAN fy ei ue ea en ee Ng Jamaica JerusalemuNoun tain gin chammeews scic hee ecetews: tae ne Wet ew. Sere ots SNe Bees Lei Be tants ch ea hee ee eo eee Systematic Paleontology Introduction SYSCEMMALICS Meare op temic Reta Men teed mem, Reve P Cosa tion opr ha, GANG NeoPa LT A ent. SES Saari pala ay uae ge ee Bamilyg@urbinidaeyRarinesques USS ucianeyt-eareee ees ase @cveve re ores eee eee ae nee any A nee eh ete re i Bie Re Subfaml yaluiotinaerAdams;andyAGams wl SOAy mepwter sien at ae Wea oe neh uae Arai canes nuk Peto Ae ei CLE ae Genus¥eseudoliorinal@ossmann O25 ngicp st rpc et aS cece Fee ero eee RT CLT aE eee ee ISN e) ALZAG ISOM, WEY FESO, oa pp gobs BoA oU Ama OOOO DOOD ODO OSD OME ES HAN GbE GBs Sb eas aSnase GenusrArenegNdamsrandeA dams gli854 mys erator Ruse eter AE eee sees ee ee) he eae ei ci eineoere ne A eNesITUnGaloSPRAeT ais OnlnGe WESPeCICS ME t-t eat ree ee ne een ae eee ee Brotimackundetermined Weve rae eaten tees eM eee eto eT cree PANE) Sirk hay EE, EW: ae a RR SubfamilyzAn gariinacwliniele wi 924 seers ce te ace aA ieeNe ates AE ees ee ee A Bia Aeieniele S S EE TURE EL GenuseNododelphinulak@ossmannswl9ll 6 ures. emit eee erate a a es oe Lee eye Se ee ee Nododelphinulatrechmannigsohlunewispecies eee ne i eee ee Ta ee ee eee eae ere Wododelphinulgignudulatsoblanewaspeclesien eer eee ee aio et ee eee one ee eee eee eee Genus Angaria Réding, 1798 NURTURES 0 Been dirs bh Ale che cy REARS ORaL) nat icp i Ene Re ee aa CPPS FR AM Deere Peer pene Aa Mie oe mela ae Subfamily, ollontinaeweossmannsal Ol Gia tree eee nee ee, eee ne, Oe Seay Pa uae ee ae Cams Aasiigalloa Soll, WN INS Sa 5 ose pega oss baanenhuestosuopareupaochttouseuocudsbapoesasonus Antillocollonia brujoenisis Sohl, new species Opercula of Colloniinae ao NNN N a GenusiMetriomphalusi€ossmannsal OG ee atte eeae ee nenntne tains te) Cheol eae nciCae ea an uci ea= it caet cea tok M ain cnea aaa: 48 Metriomphalus woodringi Soblnew)SPEClES, | srcpe se) iets etaorette) erie eine 2) ented eds di ey) cided sired cts esetei casted eieiearenr=ecreyisy oeyerctiay ene 49 Me triomphalussnonnidus:S Onl ane waspeCleSimeie ie cn eterno iced eet eene rer aea enema een en ete tee ee ee eae 50 Metriomphalusecanabonensis;SOnlsnewAspecies aera eet eel ieee ta ce OE ie eer Ronee er ea 51 BamilyelrochidacwRafinesquers| SiS lien cade escent meer er enon Ren at -pr tsar teatelent- Mr Lcaeu en sustiemeylseeie se Rea ertce stem as k-M Rca tcp omc hed wen ae a eee ae 53 Subfamilygeucyclinaes Koken ellS 97s mee tery ronan eer eae et Nano aae Roa an NCP hel ROR ner eas ann koe re ceme 53 Tribes EucyclinwiKokens S975 fy ctse evry ced aoe otic ee tap artes peaen a Wa) ealey epee tos es oesne sou otra ues anrerfotls) eh cueuolte, Gtysafeute token Wet tei aye mopem area 53 Genus seucyclusiEudes-Deslongcham psap lS OO ler petcasastnee telat en sitemeter yee k atte cere nett ee eter nl ete eer ar acter 53 ] RTS et 0) ese onset ome aden Laue PEARCE ERE er ee Bd MUM SiGe BIO ERD Oso. Mad Gog p can ooo Meas 53 ABalors:(Claviloyelor tail Wov4, ICES Soaguenen Sonne dow kaono mop nado ed ocenoodnhoninagona doo ao oUB aslo u clas 3 53 (Genus: Chilodontasktallon Ql 862m ew mers eae seme ae ates sea ees entice eye en Sean 53 (ChilodontatobliquasSonl ene wASpeCies merieeray ne aeeese date he iy New eeneh vehen eters cece e eter na ae eee eer ne eae 53 EChilodontapatiAGKODliqguars Ol Mere cesciey ae peek ee rata Repeal chet eno eN aed Rea RRR te ee ee oe on eel eee eee 55 Ehilodontavjamalcaensis;SonlmmeWiESPECleSuineeiebe eae) totais eesti noee eel el ohn eae eel nee Seen a teen een ee 55 AiberCalliotropinitHickmanrandyviclean O90 Wr ascisp-aspcice sci eaties a-ha nae orb) teerspce een eat ee aioe eee ae 56 (Genus¥Planolateralus; SOnl el OGOW ees cicpen she focuc chetey seer cris cee. eel ech ecale tei a1 5) chek sucesmen one etek meen peg eee Bonen nee a ee mae 56 PlanolateraiusshanoverensistS On enewaSpeCleser. @ esate eli-eacdeteiete eee nas -Ue ieee aa ie eae eka Okt en 56 SubfamilysdrochinaewRatinesquergS Seapets easeci eric crete bares etch et aioeito vere sy cing epiavistavet evened emsas tenet etcae i Sea Eew Mea sot-ntaa- Mette soem S7 iribewilrochinigRatin esque wlSws wwe nase esha cris ata boners ieweron acter one! oon ol tel Cl Ree meen onsite ke toa tne ke ieeac a ian ecm 57 GenuseDiscotectusthavrewl OS Maw eek. cuca asuene tes siete ss. cbemcices cher sacri ne ensy iro oe ce ae ee ene are a eee ae ee eee ee Sif Dis COLECIUSHCOQUIENSTS* SODINMEW: SPECIES) a mieyeicie aie aie Senet heen comer se) se eee acannon ee 58 IDeA Soy Ne A oS Bob. big 6. G.OLR Soin DOr nas oD Die Dna oC OMOnobioe oe dodo od dao Od DoS Kew S's 58 DISCOLECIUS DAN ANGuilaSensishs Ollsane Wi SPECIES). meaceoicneiene cneteyanst ieee cence sacle ace Ree oP sist freee ae ene nee eee as 59 Discoteciuspcelaberti, Sob yMewsSPECIES ata sect everclear lt one: ieee eh ie ee etn aOR nen Rome i neta ie Reena 60 IDRETAA OOM OIINY SOUL VOM SINS Sepacocs GOS NON oun boDU ooo Uo doahooobnacbdaseaa ote odes oc 60 IDR Roy THAR oto S10) 0 BN ene ty O10 (eh omee ios co MOH SIO Onno nM Coe mo oganconysonmecsun mc odaace qed 61 DiSCOLECIUSRETEDTINOGOSUS* SON MEWsSPCCIES svenstet-rct is¥-1 st ase aceon ed aes) ae aan ne aaa ea ae ee 62 Discotectusezansi: SOM Ne WweSPEClES ister ais ac eects eestene ter cl eins hes teh ere hehe learn tel eee a ogee nee et Roe eee 62 DIS COLECIUSHMANCRINONIENSIS SOD NEW SPECIES eerevee viens sie veloc eee ciel ot) nec an nel ne aetna Ron ern eRe nS 63 INGA Gh nba co pb heReD SA DOD PoOoUT Doe SOP OOM ROO GUO PAO GRO ED EM Do OOO ETA Soe dopemae Feo O8 64 (GenustDenticulabrum:Sohl news Sensi ccs areca nen neien ch eer en vet acca) cian neon ey aeRO R TE ace en ncn naa eee mens 64 Denticulabrumilaevigatum™ SonVenewsSpeCles 2) eaeyeis) ay = ayed cee = sets ceed ot elias felis) ces at ee sree opened eee sae aes 65 DenticulabrumyduckertsenstshsOMlsnewASPECleSsmsseciet ence ttesi= | se ehen= -Welciel- a) easteieean sstcte) 20s eena ee eae eee eaten enna 66 GenuseStesnostomellaiSonlSnewaeenuss crap weyercisleregesces Ae a eon eine yc ciate Ofeisiee seal ol icine taco ko ice ner mene 67 Sizonostomellainaugnionensis: SOblm MEWLSPECIES percusiciet erie csiicl get cletyenatctic citer eho leuetere ists cts) enon Nae nee ean een tena 67 CNG TAGS Mitoyntarere IO Soa iso de dab mo Hou oo Goo he Sule OM Oto n oo Amd > ORO ab Smoa ao ue dole do66 68 ectustrevesensissS ohl pmew,SPECieSs ais =) = cysts <1 sete taper ta ses ese ol sfeyiegeitewey tise creeds fs) she Gel ey arate cee tee espa none een wearin 69 ectusybenrnyAillitSohleanewrspeClestes: fis wateeet eine eo cueireeer reader a etieyedey Siege htce ck ree sitet ei ate Re ee ae Ron eee 69 MECIUSUKAuU Manis SOMl ME WwESPEClESm me -t-W-ra ere ei eoa menace eee ucie) «cick een mice et ieee eas ea oe a eee 70 HATING itd wep tor iets opie eerOrD 6 8 Pee eee CP Ee Oey DE SecLAnd cites ONE: hci REA IOAET) CO ENE IST ain OAL GD OID Bio'o 0 70 Mectus;variecatus; SOM snewsSpeCless ais o.orrelenenclis o eisiel Sic taps cl eyalere i is iene) snetenensheneheisnoneeste ee) alee oe meee 71 TA Lern TIONS 0S. eee Suc nb 2 DN Sab Oe EE eee as fy Dares Parr SIA Gia Eh Pen reeyOIETS Gp in, SAE Oro SuoLONG HO-puolG 0 O'O US DOIS © 71 DriberGantharidinitCottonmaliGS Omer mente recreate nereten cae sae caste meacirenthe ran mom ence ees, Seer h ems ene teecera tae e aera a eens 72 GOS SPOTS IM lic toy Nek qos and Sun ab oo Dom oon Sas moo me ona a oGudae geno oan evo De dasodoc 2 Jujubinusebotijasensisc SOM MeWwsSPECIES |. eyes teria. fas =) 2s 54.0. eb 40-62 e640 geh sees eee 14. Measurements of specimens of Discotectus barranquitasensis from the Revés Member of the Pozas Formation of Puerto Rico. All specimens lack a small portion of the apex, and the measurement of height is an estimate. ......................2.00.. 15. Measurements of specimens of Discotectus gelaberti from locality 11 in the Revés Member of the Pozas Formation of Puerto Rico. .... . 16. Measurements of specimens of Discotectus cyrtoconus from the El Rayo Formation of Puerto Rico at locality 14. ........... 17. Measurements of specimens of Discotectus scotti from Puerto Rico at localities 14 and 17. All of the specimens measured lack a small portion of the apex, and the height measurements are estimates. Height is approximately equal to diameter in these specimens. 18. Measurements of specimens of Discotectus zansi from the type locality (locality 27) in the St. Anns Great River Formation of the SEeAnnsiGreateRiversinlicramalcamey tee orqpeind mie Ao aa cet ene ay coe es PS OT EI OAR eee nee See Los Measurementsfor three specimensot Discotectusymarchmontensis, 2 ano) oa. eee oe ene eee 2 mNcasurcments folssixaspeciinens of enticulabrumilacyiratuimna «9/5 ase Aion Hei ora eee cee lee Measurementsiforsixispecinens) of Menticulabrumduckettsensisy a1. ree ei cieie Woe ehie eee) ee eeee ia ee 22. Measurements of specimens of Stegnostomella haughtonensis from the Green Island inlier of Jamaica, most of which are missing a PO Cnfommthetape amy see er ser) ey ehcp Aan IC Tah apes te eRe rere le ere tts Maca rot eR a pees de eh cee ee 23. Measurements for well-preserved specimens of Tectus variegatus. Most specimens are missing the apex or are slightly compressed. 24am Measurement fomelshtespecimensioty Camitial(Micatia)iplicata, 4-5 eee ee ee ne oie oe ee ee fo) NNNWNE We a ac) p gg oO WNN NY WBAWN eS) Nn Ww WW oO 00 ns oOo a 58 6 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 FOREWORD G. LYNN BREWSTER-WINGARD U.S. Geological Survey Reston, Virginia 22092 Norman E Sohl died on April 14, 1993. In Decem- ber of 1992, he had completed the posttechnical re- view copy of his manuscript and had forwarded it for U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) publication approval. In May 1993, I was asked to serve as the author’s representative through the remainder of the publication process. In 1995, the manuscript was withdrawn from the USGS publishing process and submitted to PRI for publication. In preparing the manuscript for publication, I re- viewed the copy, addressing questions raised by the editor and by myself, to ensure consistency and ac- curacy in the final report. Norm’s field notes, maps, and collections were used to answer objective ques- tions wherever possible, but some interpretations had to be made. Every attempt was made to remain true to the author’s original intent, but I accept responsi- bility for, and apologize for, any errors introduced in this process. Inconsistencies in locality and collection information with an earlier publication (Sohl and Koll- mann, 1985, USGS Professional Paper 1304) were dis- covered, but, because the information contained herein was tracked back to the orginal data, I believe this publication to be correct. No changes were made to the subjective elements of the taxonomic or interpre- tive sections of the paper, and I have avoided changes that would have altered Norm’s substance or style. I believe this published paper is a valid representation of the finished product Norm himself would have pro- duced. UPPER CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS FROM PUERTO RICO AND JAMAICA NORMAN E. SOHL! U. S. Geological Survey Reston, VA 22092 ABSTRACT During the Cretaceous, trochacean gastropods were common elements in the shallow warm-water faunas of the Tethyan Realm. In the Caribbean region, they were especially abundant in the lagoonal facies associated with the rudist framework (“‘reef’’) tracts of the widespread carbonate-platform deposits, but some also lived in shallow shelf environments. Most of the more common trochacean species in the lagoonal facies belong to long-lived genera originating in the ‘“‘corallien”’ or reef-associated faunas of the Jurassic, whereas many of those from the shelfal deposits are of Cretaceous origin. The greater diversity and individual abundance of trochacean gastropods in the lagoonal deposits are judged to reflect the presence of more suitable habitats. Abundant rubble and bioclastic debris, derived from the destruction of patch reefs and associated rudist bivalve organic framework structures, provided firm substrates suitable for colonization by trochaceans. The warm shallow water of these lagoons also probably provided optimum areas for growth of algae, a major food source for trochaceans. Some trochacean genera of Jurassic ancestry, such as Chilodonta and Discotectus, show shifts in basic morphology late in their Upper Cretaceous stratigraphic ranges. In Chilodonta, modifications of the aperture margin and an increase in its inclination to the growth axis provide a conical form, suggesting adaptation to a clinging habit. Modifications in morphology of derivatives of Discotectus and Tectus are also discussed, and a general survey of Cretaceous Trochacea occurrence is given. Of special note is the presence in the collections studied of specimens assigned to Metriomphalus Cossmann, 1916[a], that preserve the operculum in place. The character of the operculum suggests placement of this long-ranging (Jurassic through Eocene(?)) genus in the Colloniinae rather than the Angariinae. A section of the report, “Stratigraphy and Locality Register,’ includes stratigraphic reassessment of the Santonian to Maas- trichtian rocks in which the described gastropods are found. These carbonate-platform fossiliferous limestones and shales occur only sporadically within the much thicker sections of primary volcanic rocks, pyroclastic materials, coarse volcaniclastic sedi- ments, and other deposits characteristic of a volcanic arc system. Typical stratigraphic sections are presented along with lists of accompanying mollusks and maps showing the location of the 79 collecting localities, with the exception of localities 66—68; no base maps are available for these three localities because of cloud cover recorded on images from which maps would have been made. The “Systematic Paleontology” section of this report consists of the description of 29 new species and eight indeterminant taxa. No formal description is given for the eight indeterminant taxa because either too few specimens were found or the material is too poorly preserved to provide a basis for formal description. These species are assigned to 16 genera, among which Antillocollonia is described as new and assigned to the subfamily Colloniinae, and Denticulabrum and Stegnostomella are described as new and assigned to the subfamily Trochinae. Micatia is proposed as a subgenus of Camitia of the subfamily Umboniinae. The following 29 species are described as new: Pseudoliotina mcleani, Arene truncatosphaera, Nododelphinula trechmanni, Nododelphinula? nudula, Antillocollonia brujoenisis, Metriomphalus woodringi, Metriomphalus horridus, Metriom- phalus canabonensis, Chilodonta obliqua, Chilodonta jamaicaensis, Planolateralus? hanoverensis, Discotectus coquiensis, Dis- cotectus barranquitasensis, Discotectus gelaberti, Discotectus cyrtoconus, Discotectus scotti, Discotectus crebrinodosus, Disco- tectus zansi, Discotectus marchmontensis, Denticulabrum laevigatum, Denticulabrum duckettsensis, Stegnostomella haughtonen- sis, Tectus revesensis, Tectus berryhilli, Tectus kauffmani, Tectus variegatus, Jujubinus botijasensis, Solariella marchmontensis, and Camitia (Micatia) plicata. The large percentage of species described as new is a reflection both of the lack of previously published descriptions of gastropods from the Caribbean province and of the increased endemism of the fauna during the latest Cretaceous. INTRODUCTION Knowledge of the Cretaceous molluscan faunas of the Greater Antilles has evolved slowly since the early descriptive reports of rudist bivalves by Woodward in 1862. Subsequent works by Whitfield (1897), Trech- mann (1922, 1924), Douvillé (1926, 1927), Palmer (1933), Rutten (1936), Thiadens (1936), MacGillavry (1937), Vermunt (1937), Torre (1960), Chubb (1971), Dommelen (1971), Kauffman and Sohl (1974), and ' Deceased, April 14, 1993. others have provided a solid framework for the as- sessment of the taxonomic composition and mode of occurrence of rudist bivalves in the Caribbean prov- ince. Development of information pertaining to the other groups of mollusks has not kept pace with that for the rudists. For example, until 1985, few species of gas- tropods had been described from the Cretaceous of the Antillean Islands and those only as adjuncts to the study of larger faunal assemblages (for example, Trechmann, 1927) or biostratigraphic resolution of geologic problems (Sohl, 1968, 1976). Two papers by 8 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Sohl (1971, 1987) have dealt with paleozoogeograph- ic, compositional, and other general aspects of the Cre- taceous Caribbean gastropod assemblages, but the first systematic study of a significant element of the fauna did not appear until 1985 and dealt with the cephal- aspidean opisthobranch family Actaeonellidae (Sohl and Kollmann, 1985). That study was followed by de- scription of the archaeogastropod groups Fissurellidae, Haliotidae, and Scissurellidae (Sohl, 1992). The study of the Trochacea presented here completes the survey of the Upper Cretaceous archaeogastropods of Puerto Rico and Jamaica. Much of the material reported on here was collected during the U.S. Geological Survey-Commonwealth of Puerto Rico cooperative program of mapping of Puerto Rico (1956-74). Concurrently, the author and others were involved in Cretaceous stratigraphic studies on the island of Jamaica (1966-71) that provided the re- mainder of the collections. The complete collections made during these times are currently housed at the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., and at the National Headquarters of the U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS By N.F. Sohl.—Both Carole S. Hickman, Museum of Paleontology, University of California at Berkeley, and James H. McLean, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, kindly shared their great knowl- edge of trochacean gastropods. When I was at the Uni- versity of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica, Ted Robinson was especially helpful in providing maps, hospitality, and aid in arranging the shipping of col- lections. Anthony G. Coates, Smithsonian Tropical Re- search Institute; J.E. Hazel, Louisiana State University; E.G. Kauffman, University of Colorado at Boulder; and H.A. Kollmann, Natural History Museum, Vienna, Austria, aided in the collection of some of the fossils and in pertinent discussion of stratigraphic problems in the field and office. Others who assisted in collect- ing specimens are named in the locality descriptions. G. Lynn Wingard and Marija Balanc, both of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), did the photography and preliminary drafting of the figures. The report was im- proved by reviews by Robert B. Blodgett (USGS) and G. Lynn Wingard. By G.L. Brewster-Wingard.—The number of people who assisted me in the process of seeing this publi- cation through to completion is a testament to Norm Sohl’s standing among his colleagues. The efforts of David Jablonski, University of Chicago, in examining the manuscript with me for consistency, in addressing the editor’s questions, and in tracking down obscure references were invaluable. Anthony G. Coates, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, contributed to the resolution of several of the stratigraphic and field locality questions and saved me weeks of research time. A number of people assisted in completing the reference list: Susan M. Kidwell, University of Chi- cago; Ritidiger Bieler, Field Museum of Natural His- tory; Neil H. Landman, American Museum of Natural History; Stephen K. Donovan, University of the West Indies; Kaustov Roy, University of Chicago; and Scott Lidgard, Field Museum of Natural History. GEOLOGIC SETTING Upper Cretaceous deposits are present on all the is- lands of the Greater Antilles. In Puerto Rico, they compose a major part of the mainly east-trending cor- dillera as well as minor ranges along the southern foot- hills and Coastal Plains of the island (Text-fig. 1). In central and western Jamaica (Text-fig. 2), Cretaceous deposits are exposed mainly in a series of inliers sep- arated by large areas of Tertiary cover. The Upper Cre- taceous deposits are also exposed in a series of struc- turally complex outcrops in the Blue Mountains in eastern Jamaica, which were described by Krijnen and Lee Chin (1978); the outcrops in eastern Jamaica are not treated here, as none of the studied fossils came from that area. On the islands of Puerto Rico and Jamaica, sequenc- es of Upper Cretaceous carbonate-platform, fossilif- erous limestones and shales are volumetrically subor- dinate to volcaniclastic sediments. Commonly, these fossiliferous units record local periods of volcanic qui- escence within the island-arc system that were of suf- ficient length to allow establishment of rudist “‘reef” communities or other shelfal biofacies. As pointed out by Coates (1977), such a pattern conforms to the mod- el proposed by Dickinson (1974) for sedimentation within magmatic arcs. Within this framework, an arc magmatic complex forms the core element (Text-fig. 3) and is flanked by back-arc and inter-arc basins. Two primary facies have been distinguished within these marginal basins and named by Dickinson (1974) as the central facies and the dispersal facies. The central fa- cies 1s deposited near the active vent centers and con- sists dominantly of coarse volcaniclastic material, breccias, conglomerates, lava flows, and ash flows. Biogenic reefs may develop on the flanks of inactive cones in this facies (Glover, 1971, fig. 10), but more common in the Antilles are interbedded red beds or marginal marine sediments containing brackish-water fossils. Examples of such deposits are discussed below for the Orocovis quadrangle of Puerto Rico and the Marchmont inlier of Jamaica. Coates (1977) has noted other Jamaican examples. Most of the fossiliferous deposits discussed here ap- CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 9 67°00' cnet 18°30' Mayaguez SAN GERMAN SABANA GRANDE 18°00' }- CARIBBEAN SEA ° 10 20 30 MILES ty) 10 20 30 40 KILOMETERS eas ATLANTIC OCEAN PUERTO RICO o23 CENTRAL AGUIRRE EXPLANATION Es] Middle Tertiary to Holocene rocks = Cretaceous and lower Tertiary rocks [ez=74) Batholithic rocks Text-figure 1—Collection localities and selected geologic units in Puerto Rico. Numbers in labeled 7.5-minute quadrangles refer to localities described in “Stratigraphy and Locality Register.” Modified from Glover (1971) and Sohl (1992). pear to lie within the limits of the dispersal facies (Text-fig. 3). In general, such deposits are regularly bedded and overall finer grained than the central facies and consist of marine tuffs, sandstones, shales, and limestones. During favorable time intervals (Kauffman and Sohl, 1974; Scott, 1984), organic frameworks, dominated by rudist bivalves, developed in shallow- water areas. Most such carbonate-platform units are relatively thin and measure less than a few tens of meters; they may be tabular, grading laterally into shale or rubble units. Cessation of growth of these or- ganic structures is usually marked by caps of volcan- 78° iclastic sediments that indicate new episodes of vol- canic activity in the area. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEA The time of origin of the Trochacea is currently equivocal. Some authors (Wenz, 1938; Knight er al., 1960) favor a Triassic origin. McLean (1982) extended this range to the Permian by recognizing Dichostasia Yochelson, 1956, as a member of the Liotiinae. Earlier, Cossmann (1918) accepted a Silurian origin for the Trochidae as he viewed them, but the Paleozoic taxa Cossmann cited were subsequently removed to the Montego Bay 48° | CARIBBEAN SEA L AT LAN Tic: Green Island Sunderland 69-75 66-68 44 St. Anns Great River Lucea 45-47 G o) Maldon Jerusalem 6-79 “Mountain te GAS 30-43 Marchmont O JAMAICA ee ee =) OCEAN 20 MILES 0 10 20 30 KILOMETERS Text-figure 2.—Collection localities and main exposures of Cretaceous rocks (unpatterned areas) in Jamaica. Numbers on map refer to localities described in **Stratigraphy and Locality Register.’’ Fossil trochaceans described in this report were collected from labeled inliers in central and western Jamaica. The Wagwater Belt is a subduction complex between the Blue Mountains on the east and the carbonate platform on the west. 10 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Dispersal facies Inter-arc basin Arc magmatic complex Central facies EXPLANATION oot Rudist bivalve framework [==] shate Sy Sandstone So . . . Volcaniclastic sedimets Intrusive rock complex Text-figure 3.—Diagrammatic cross section showing postulated areas of deposition within the Caribbean Cretaceous island-arc system (modified from Coates, 1977). Nomenclature follows that of Dickinson (1974). nontrochacean Pseudophoridae by Knight ef al. (1960). Hickman and McLean (1990, p. 32) accepted a Permian origination for the Trochacea with the pro- viso that ‘“‘we do not consider an early Paleozoic (Mid- dle Ordovician) origin to be out of the question.” A rich record of Cretaceous trochacean occurrence exists in the paleontological literature. Hundreds of species have been described with representatives pres- ent from virtually all areas of Cretaceous outcrop, but, expectably, the largest numbers come from the better studied regions of Europe. Despite such coverage in the literature, there has been little effort to bring these disparate records into a coherent pattern reflecting the evolutionary or paleozoogeographic changes within the group during the period. Part of the problem lies in the fact that a great number of the species were described during the preceding century at a time when it was fashionable to assign such forms to extant gen- era. Thus, there is an overwhelming array of species assigned to such genera as Trochus, Turbo, and Del- phinula. When these records are assembled under the assignments given by the authors, the spectrum of morphologic diversity encompassed by the species as- signed to a given genus is so wide as to have little meaning. Subsequent authors have restudied some of these species and reassigned them or otherwise am- plified the usual original short descriptions. In many instances, however, the state of preservation of the original material and the quality of descriptions and figures of these species probably preclude the hope that many will ever be satisfactorily assigned. The problems outlined above are compounded by the changing neontological views of the composition and taxonomic arrangement of the Trochacea. Obvi- ously, much work involving reinvestigation of the al- ready described species needs to be done before a comprehensive picture of the Cretaceous Trochacea can be developed. Even with such effort, many of the questions of assignment will not be resolved because of lack of preservation of critical features, such as complete aperture, radulae, opercula, and soft parts that distinguish certain groups. Despite such seemingly insurmountable obstacles, some variably viable obser- vations can be made. The following discussion should not be viewed as an exhaustive compilation of Creta- ceous trochaceans. It is neither exhaustive nor defini- tive, but is derived from lists compiled over the years from the literature. The information has not been crit- ically analyzed, but it is hoped that it may benefit fu- ture investigators in solving the many taxonomic and phylogenetic problems presented by the fossil record of the trochaceans. The notes are arranged according to the families, subfamilies, and tribes recognized by Hickman and McLean (1990), the classification fol- lowed in this work. Family TURBINIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 Subfamily LIOTIINAE Adams and Adams, 1854 Verifiable liotiines are rare in Cretaceous deposits. The most notable exceptions are the species assigned to Pseudoliotina Cossmann, 1925, that are discussed below in the “‘Systematic Paleontology” section. Koll- mann (1982) introduced the genus Eoliotina for two Albian species from Austria, the type E. austriaca Kollmann, 1982, and Nododelphinula turbinata Wolff, 1970. Both species have thickened apertures, especial- ly the latter, but the inclination of the aperture is high relative to that of most liotiines. One Antillean species assigned to Arene is described below. A few other Cretaceous species have been as- signed to Arene, but they lack sufficient preserved fea- tures to form a solid basis for placement. Subfamily ANGARIINAE Thiele, 1924 The inclusion of the Nododelphinulidae Cox, 1960, within the Angariinae by Hickman and McLean (1990) greatly expands the Cretaceous representation of the subfamily. Diverse species have been assigned to the genus Delphinula (=Angaria), and Cossmann (1916a) listed 11 as validly assigned. Many of these and others so assigned have been subsequently reassigned. The species (D. acuta, aculeata, muricata, and radiata) de- CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 11 scribed by Zekeli (1852) from the Upper Cretaceous Gosau Beds of Austria are all low-spired forms that tend to develop a spinose, peripheral angulation. The apertural characters are poorly known for all, and their generic assignment is in doubt. Reevaluation is also needed for D. rotula Parona, 1909, from the Ceno- manian of Italy, D. scalaris and tuberculatus Guer- anger, 1867, from the Cenomanian of France, and An- garia (A.) gwynae Allison, 1955, from the Albian(?) of Baja California, Mexico. Delphinula annularis Sto- liczka, 1868, was selected to serve as the type of the genus Hanaispira Kase, 1984. Kase (1984, p. 99, 102) also included within Hanaispira other previously de- scribed Aptian through Turonian species that had been assigned to Nododelphinula and Fossarus. The genus Nododelphinula Cossmann, 1916[a], is probably the best represented of the angariines in the Cretaceous. The following species have characters suggestive of the genus: Turbo acuminatus Deshayes, 1842 in Leymerie (1842), Valanginian, France (doubtful, a possible eucycline in the family Trochidae); Turbo criveli and T. crucianus Pictet and Campiche, 1861, Barre- mian, Switzerland; Turbo faucignyanus Pictet and Roux, 1853, Albian, Switzerland; Turbo? gouldi Stanton, 1947, Albian, Kansas; Turbo guerangeri d’Orbigny, 1842, Cenomanian, France; Nododelphinula hiraigensis Kase, 1984, Aptian, Japan; Turbo inaequilineatus Pictet and Campiche, 1861, Aptian, Switzerland; Turbo mojsisovicsi Favre, 1869, Senonian, Ukraine; Nododelphinula? nudula Sohl, n. sp., Maastrichtian, Puerto Rico; Calliomphalus pellati Cossmann, 1907, Barremian, France; Delphinula porteri Blanckenhorn, 1890, Senonian, Lebanon; Solariella serrata Stanton, 1947, Albian, Texas; Turbo thurmanni Pictet and Campiche, 1861, Aptian, Switzerland; Turbo triboleti Pictet and Campiche, 1861, Albian, Switzerland; Turbo valfinensis étallon, 1859 (see Sayn, 1932), Barremian, France; Delphinula zittlei Quass, 1902, Maastrichtian, Egypt; and Nododelphinula sp. Kollmann, 1982, Albian, Austria. Nododelphinula bellisculptata Jaworski, 1936, from the Albian(?) of Colombia, is possibly a Metriomphalus, and that genus is herein assigned to the Colloniinae. Nododelphinula trechmanni Sohl, n. sp., from the Maastrichtian of Jamaica, is described in this report. Assignment of other possible Cretaceous angariines must await future evaluation. Subfamily COLLONIINAE Cossmann, 1916[a] If the transfer, proposed below, of Metriomphalus Cossmann, 1916[a], from the Angariinae to the Col- loniinae is accepted, then the range of the subfamily Colloniinae is extended back into the Jurassic. Petro- poma peruanum Gabb, 1877, possesses a colloniine operculum, but no associated opercula are known for the other Cretaceous species assigned by Cossmann (1918) to the genus. Cossmann (1918, p. 132) assigned five Cretaceous species to Boutillieria Cossmann, 1888, with various levels of confidence, but opercular characters are unknown for all. The assignment of An- tillocollonia is discussed below in the section on “‘Sys- tematic Paleontology.” Shells of Metriomphalus with associated opercula are described herein, from the An- tillean Cretaceous deposits, and by Delpey (1938), from the Albian and Cenomanian of France. Other Me- triomphalus-like shells that lack associated opercula are common to almost all Cretaceous levels, and their occurrence is discussed in the section on “Systematic Paleontology” that follows. Further evidence for the presence of members of the subfamily in Cretaceous rocks is provided by disassociated opercula. In addi- tion to the Caribbean opercula reported below in the section “‘Opercula of Colloniinae,”’ other occurrences have been reported by Parona (1909), from the Cen- omanian of Italy, by Gueranger (1867), from the Cen- omanian of France, by Fortau (1904), from the Cam- panian of Egypt, and by Greco (1916), from the Maas- trichtian of Egypt. Subfamily TURBININAE Rafinesque, 1815 Many Cretaceous shells have been assigned as spe- cies of Turbo Linné, 1758. The name Turbo has been applied with uncommon lack of discrimination by au- thors, and, without access to the original materials, res- olution of the problem of assignment of this host of species is far beyond the scope of this contribution. Assignment of Cretaceous species to other turbinid genera has been sparse, and most of these records are in need of reappraisal. Few species have been assigned to Astraea Réding, 1798, but among them are the fol- lowing: A. bellavistaensis Delpey, 1942, Turonian, France; A. guerini Bataller, 1945, Santonian of Spain; and A. kumasoana Matsumoto, 1938, Cenomanian, Japan (assigned to Paraturbo by Hayami and Kase, 1977). Delphinula chouberti Col- lignon, 1972, from the lower Albian of Morocco, may be an As- traea. The following have been assigned to Astralium Link, 1807: A. bornhardti Miller, 1898, Senonian, Germany; A. carnaticum Stoliczka, 1868, Cenomanian, southern India; A. densipocatum Peth6, 1906, Maastrichtian, former Yugoslavia; and A. fimbriatum, A. magnum, and A. provinciale Repelin, 1906, Cam- panian, France. Cretaceous species described as Bolma Risso, 1826, are B. acicularis and B. arnaudi Delpey, 1942, from the Turonian and Santonian, France. In addition, Coe- lobolma was proposed by Cossmann (1918) for the French Santonian species C. corbarica. Guildfordia J.E. Gray, 1850 in M.E. Gray (1850), is possibly rep- resented by a poorly preserved form, retaining elon- gate spines on the basal periphery, that was assigned to G. acantochila by Miiller, 1898, from the Senonian of Germany. Subfamily PHASIANELLINAE Swainson, 1840 Pictet and Campiche (1861—64, p. 462) listed 14 Cretaceous species assigned to Phasianella. Stoliczka (1868, p. 353) accepted 20 species as present in the Cretaceous. Subsequently, these records were dis- counted by Cossmann (1918), who believed they were mainly pseudomelaniids and that phasianellids had only a Tertiary fossil record. Keen and Robertson (in Knight et al., 1960, p. 1274-1275) and Hickman and McLean (1990) have continued the view of an early Tertiary origin for the group. Family TROCHIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 Subfamily EUCYCLINAE Koken, 1897 Eucycline species have been well represented in the fossil record since the Triassic. As viewed by Hickman and McLean (1990), the subfamily includes not only the Eucyclidae, but the Cirridae and Amberleyidae of various previous classifications. The Tribe Eucyclini is restricted to the Mesozoic and seems to have been most diverse during the Jurassic. Representatives are present at most Cretaceous levels, but are more com- mon in the lower and middle parts of the system. Cre- taceous species need revision, as many of the species were described initially as Littorina, Trochus, Turbo, or other generic assignments. Cossmann (1916a, pp. 55-56) listed 26 Cretaceous species as members of Eucyclus. Eucyclus cossmanni Vidal, 1921, from the Santonian of Spain, and Amberleya (Eucyclus) japon- ica Kase, in Kase and Maeda, 1980, from the Barre- mian of Japan, may be added to the list, but otherwise the name has not been extensively used in the Creta- ceous literature. Until McLean (1984) found living representatives of Agathodonta Cossmann, 1918, and McLean (1982) and Hickman and McLean (1990) reinterpreted the Chilodontini, most authors had considered the tribe to be restricted to the Mesozoic. Cretaceous generic di- versity is not great, but genera such as Chilodonta Etallon, 1862, achieved virtual circum-Tethyan distri- bution during the period (Sohl, 1987). Chilodonta and its record are discussed below in the section on “‘Sys- tematic Paleontology.” Agathodonta is represented by three fossil species, all from the Lower Cretaceous of France and Switzerland, that were cited by Cossmann (1918, p. 201) and by A. brooksi Allison, 1955, from the Albian to Cenomanian of Baja California. Ryck- holt (1862) published a list of 35 Cretaceous species assigned to Craspedotus Philippi, 1847, a synonym of Danilia Brusina, 1865. Stoliczka (1868, p. 363) cast doubt on some of these assignments, and Cossmann (1918) discounted all Mesozoic records of Danilia. Beu and Climo (1974), in their review of the genus, 2 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 cited Ryckholt’s work but discussed only Tertiary re- cords. Hickman and McLean (1990) cited Ryckholt and accepted a Lower Cretaceous to Holocene range for Danilia without further discussion. As currently understood, only a few genera of Cre- taceous occurrence are assignable to the tribe Calli- otropini Hickman and McLean, 1990. As indicated be- low, in the section on “Systematic Paleontology,” the Cretaceous species assigned to Calliomphalus Coss- mann, 1888, need reevaluation, and many may be bet- ter placed in the Solariellinae. These species, along with those assigned to Planolateralus Sohl, 1960, share some common distributional features that are, in some respects, parallel to those noted by Hickman and McLean (1990, p. 80) for living members of the tribe. As indicated by Sohl (1971), these species are com- mon to the Cretaceous sandy-clay, shelfal deposits from North America and northern Europe eastward to the Russian Platform. Like calliotropines in general, they are not common in the warm-water carbonate- platform deposits of the Cretaceous wherein the Chil- odontini abound. Subfamily MARGARITINAE Stoliczka, 1868 A moderate number of Cretaceous species have been described as members of Margarites Gray, 1847, or its synonym Margarita Leach, 1819. Hickman and McLean (1990) considered the subfamily Margaritinae to have originated in the late Eocene. The Cretaceous species, such as M. bartonensis Stanton, 1947, and M. depressa Gardner, 1916, all need reassignment. Subfamily TROCHINAE Rafinesque, 1815 The members of the subfamily Trochinae have a long fossil history ranging back into the Triassic. The number of Cretaceous species described as members of Trochus Linné, 1758, is rivaled only by the numbers assigned to Turbo. Both names have been used indis- criminately, and, if the Miocene to Holocene range for Trochus cited by Hickman and McLean (1990) is ac- cepted, all Cretaceous species need reassignment to other genera. Regardless of this fact, the Trochini are abundantly represented in Cretaceous deposits throughout the world. In Cretaceous carbonate-plat- form assemblages, species of such genera as Discotec- tus Favre, 1913, and Tectus Montfort, 1810, are among the most commonly found gastropods and are individ- ually abundant at many localities as well. The Creta- ceous records of both genera are discussed in more detail below, in the section on “‘Systematic Paleontol- ogy.” Clanculus Montfort, 1810, appears to be repre- sented in the latest Cretaceous by two species, Turbo retifer BOhm, 1885, from the Campanian of Germany, CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 13 and Clanculus ilerdensis Vidal, 1921, from the Maas- trichtian of Spain. Among the gibbulines, only a few Cretaceous spe- cies have been described as belonging to Gibbula Ris- so, 1826. Among these are G. jerdoniana and G. gran- ulosa Stoliczka, 1868, from the Campanian of south- ern India, and G. bicarinata Kollmann, 1982, from the Albian of Austria. Stoliczka (1868) listed 20 additional species, from the Aptian through Maastrichtian depos- its of Europe, that he considered as members of Gib- bula. Other members of the tribe Gibbulini include Ozo- dochilus cossmanni Kase, 1984, which is from the Ap- tian of Japan and represents the first Cretaceous record of the genus. A few Cretaceous species have been as- signed to Monodonta Lamarck, 1799. Among them, the main common thread is the presence of an aper- tural tooth or teeth. Some of them are as follows: M. allardi Roman and Mazeran, 1920, Turonian, France; M. antiqua Whitfield, 1891, Aptian, Lebanon (a Chilodonta); M. bartonensis and M. minuta Stanton, 1947, Albian, Texas; M.? cancellosa Stephenson, 1941, Maastrichtian, Texas; M. pacyhyodon Cossmann, 1916[b], Barremian, France; and M. trochleata Dujardin, 1837, Turonian, France. Other gibbulines are probably present in the Cretaceous but are at- tributed to other genera. The tribe Cantharidini Cotton, 1959, is represented in Cretaceous rocks by only three species of Jujubinus Monterosato, 1884: Tectus junceus Stoliczka, 1868, Campanian, southern India (fide Cossmann, 1918); J. (J.) roashensis Abbass, 1963, Cenomanian, Egypt; and J. botijasensis Sohl, n. sp., described herein, late Cam- panian, Puerto Rico. Subfamily STOMATELLINAE Gray, 1840 Stoliczka (1868, p. 379) listed four Cretaceous spe- cies, from the Aptian through the Cenomanian of France, Spain, and Switzerland, that had been previ- ously assigned to Stomatia Helbling, 1779. He sug- gested that, of these species, only S. bicarinata Guer- anger, 1867, was a true Stomatia. I know of no sub- sequent descriptions of Cretaceous stomatellines. Subfamily CALLIOSTOMATINAE Thiele, 1924 If, as suggested by Hickman and McLean (1990), Proconulinae of Cox, 1960 (in part), is included within the subfamily Calliostomatinae, its Mesozoic record is considerably extended. Cossmann (1918) included 13 species, mainly from the European Cretaceous, within Proconulus in his description and discussion of the genus. Kase (1984) has added P. hiraigensis, from the Aptian of Japan, to the list. The following have been described as Cretaceous species of Calliostoma Swain- son, 1840: C. amneris Greco, 1916, Maastrichtian, Egypt: C. bruni Cossmann, 1916[b], Barremian, France; C. constrictum Whiteaves, 1884, Albian or Cenomanian, British Co- lumbia; . eragini Stanton, 1947, Albian, Kansas; . decapitatum Wilckens, 1922, Senonian, New Zealand; . dievarum Cossmann, 1896, Turonian, France; infracornata Benk6-Czabalay, 1961, Albian, Hungary; . kempiana Cooper, 1894, Maastrichtian, California; lignitica Cooper, 1894, Cretaceous, California; . massiliense Cossmann, 1903, Coniacian, France; . mendizabali Bataller, 1943, Aptian, Spain; ? ojti Kase, 1980 in Kase and Maeda, 1980, Barremian, Japan; . radiatum Gabb, 1869, Santonian(?), California; . serratum Stanton, 1947, Albian, Texas; and . sohli Calzada, 1988, Aptian, Spain. DIGS GQISiG! GiGugi Gare A few species have been assigned to Astele Swain- son, 1855: A. convexa Kollmann, 1982, Albian, Aus- tria; and A. sanctivictoris Calzada, 1988, Aptian, Spain. Kollmann (1982, pp. 19,20) listed four addi- tional species from the Cretaceous of Europe that he considered should be reassigned to Astele. The retic- ulate protoconch, cited as diagnostic of the subfamily by Hickman and McLean (1990), is unknown for any of the above-listed species, and only on the basis of general conchological similarities can any be placed in the subfamily. Subfamily SOLARIELLINAE Powell, 1951 Cossmann (1918) assigned 13 Cretaceous species, ranging from the Barremian through the Maastrichtian, to Solariella Wood, 1842. Hickman and McLean (1990) accepted only a Late Cretaceous origin. A large number of Cretaceous species have the general form, near radial aperture, and noded umbilical margin taken as characteristic of solariellines. These have been de- scribed and assigned to Solariella, Trochus, Solarium, and other genera but need revision. Such a task is monumental and well beyond the scope of this paper. Solariella marchmontensis Sohl, n. sp., from the Maastrichtian of Jamaica, is described herein. Subfamily UMBONIINAE Adams and Adams, 1854 Hickman and McLean (1990) cited Trochus grayi Lees, 1928, from the Cretaceous of Oman, as a pos- sible umboniine. The subgenus Camitia (Micatia), from the Maastrichtian of Jamaica, is proposed in the section on ‘“‘Systematic Paleontology.’ I know of no other records of the subfamily in Cretaceous rocks, although additional species may be recorded but hid- den under other generic assignments. ANTILLEAN GASTROPOD OCCURRENCE The trochacean gastropods described in this study may be separated into two groups according to their mode of occurrence. Taxa in the first, and larger, group 14 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 come from shallow-water deposits associated with rud- ist pelecypod framework development that was es- pecially widespread in Puerto Rico and Jamaica during the Campanian and Maastrichtian (Kauffman and Sohl, 1974, 1976). These deposits formed during part of the last of the Cretaceous episodes of extensive car- bonate-platform deposition in the Antilles (Scott, 1984). Taxa in the second group occur in shelfal shales in association with nonrudist bivalves and a group of gastropods that differs from the rudist framework as- semblage. The first group includes species of such genera as Discotectus, Tectus, Chilodonta, Metriomphalus, and Nododelphinula, which are common elements of the “corallien’’ or reef-associated facies of the Jurassic. Along with the patelliform neritid Pileolus, fissurel- lids, actaeonellids, nerineids, and others, these ar- chaeogastropods are among the most common species found in the Cretaceous shallow-water, lagoonal as- semblages of the widespread carbonate-platform reefal facies. Within these lagoonal assemblages, some gastro- pods, such as the Nerineacea and Actaeonellidae, may be so abundant as to become paucispecific major con- stituents of rock bodies (Sohl, 1971, fig. 1). The most diverse gastropod assemblages occur in deposits from lagoonal, back-reef environments, and far fewer spe- cies occur within the rudist pelecypod framework structures (Kauffman and Sohl, 1974, fig. 27). Trochacean gastropods in the second group, includ- ing Planolateralus, are parts of assemblages in shelfal shales. The assemblages contain a smaller proportion of archaeogastropods than do those of the reef-asso- ciated facies. Rudist bivalves are generally lacking in these associations, but inoceramid pelecypods may commonly occur. With the exception of the rarity of neogastropods, these assemblages are compositionally reminiscent of the shallow, shelfal Cretaceous mollus- can faunas of extra-Tethyan areas. Diversity of trocha- ceans within these shales is higher than is reported here. The main reason for this disparity is the factor of preservation. Many of the small shells present in these shales are too compressed or otherwise distorted to serve as the basis for description and confident tax- onomic placement. More intense collection of these deposits in the future should provide a much better basis for assessing the full character of the trochaceans of the shelfal shale facies. The distinguishing feature of the shale associations is the general lack of those elements common to the lagoonal shales. That is, they lack such genera as Pi- leolus and Chilodonta that are so typical of the Jurassic “‘corallien facies’’ and the later Cretaceous rudist- framework-associated facies. This fact suggests that the shale-facies trochaceans were derived from differ- ent, possibly younger, lineages having greater latitu- dinal spread and perhaps bathymetric tolerance. AUTECOLOGY Not many years ago, the Trochaceans were easily dismissed as browsers and grazers on algae and were considered to be largely confined to harder substrates (Purchon, 1968, p. 45). Subsequent work by many au- thors, culminating in the excellent summary by Hick- man and McLean (1990), has shown that the Trocha- cea radiated into many habitats and developed feeding modes previously unsuspected among members of the group. Among the Cretaceous species dealt with here, many represent conservative lineages that show little change through their long geologic histories. Others suggest that they may be part of the early radiations into new environments. Some specific morphologic changes within lineages that may be correlated with life habit are dealt with in more detail in the following section. The shallow-water, lagoonal environments of de- position postulated for many of the Cretaceous units dealt with herein would seemingly provide very suit- able substrates for trochacean colonization. The asso- ciated abundance of miliolids, larger foraminifers, and dasycladacean and other algae attest to the shallow- water nature of the deposits. Periodic destruction of the rudist frameworks and patch ‘reefs’? provided abundant rubble and bioclastic materials suitable for the firm substrates preferred by many trochaceans. Trochacean gastropods are seldom found within the rudist framework structures but are common in the in- terbedded units of cobbly limestone and calcareous shale. For example, Pseudoliotina, like its modern lio- tiine analogs, occurs in the limestones of the El Rayo Formation in units containing an abundance of finger- coral debris that may have been derived from the de- struction of small patch reefs within the lagoonal fa- cies. Comparison with modern counterparts indicates that the species assigned to Arene, Nododelphinula, Antillocollonia, Metriomphalus, Chilodonta, and Steg- nostomella presumably preferred clinging to hard sub- strates; they are commonly found in bioclastic depos- its, but some may also occur in shales. There is no primary evidence for the presence of sea grass in Antillean Cretaceous deposits. Brasier (1975) postulated that sea grasses arose in the Late Cretaceous, but, on the basis of the distribution of for- aminifers that were common associates of such grass- es, he thought they were restricted to European and Asiatic Tethys. Thus, the modern abundance of grass flats in the back-reef lagoonal areas probably had no exact counterpart in the Cretaceous of the Antillean CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 15 Upper Jurassic Lower Cretaceous ———— Increase in apertural complexity and parietal callus extension ————— A B Cc D , és) y; = ——— Increase in angle between apertural plane and axis of coiling ———> Upper Cretaceous Text-figure 4.—Morphologic change among Jurassic and Cretaceous species of Chilodonta Etallon, 1862. Diagrammatic text-figures of body whorl of specimens A to D are placed within a relative frame of stratigraphic position and show progressive increase through time of expansion of parietal callus (arrows on top) and of inclination of apertural plane to axis if coiling (angles on bottom of diagram with horizontal line representing axis of coiling. A, C. clathrata Etallon, 1862, after de Loriol, 1887, Jurassic (Oxfordian), France; B, C. cotteaui Peron, 1900, Neocomian, France; C, C. marcaisi (d’Orbigny, 1842), after Roman and Mazeran, 1920, Turonian, France; D, C. obliqua n. sp., Maastrichtian, Puerto Rico. area, but similar environments may have been provid- ed by algal communities. If the Cretaceous trochaceans exhibited tiering, in the sense of small forms living above the substrate on the shafts of vegetation, such niches may have been provided by some forms of al- gae. Chronic (1952), Peel (1977), Wahlman (1992), and many others have discussed such habitats relative to Paleozoic archaeogastropods, and similar habits may be applicable to such species as Planolateralus? hanoverensis, which is found exclusively in platform shales. In lagoonal shales, various species of Disco- tectus are especially common. Such shales would not seem to offer a suitable substrate for trochaceans, but the possibility exists that the muds were covered by algal films that bound the soft sediments into a coher- ent surface. Such binding of sediment would provide not only support, but also a potential food source for the snail. The warm shallow waters of such lagoonal areas would seem well suited for the development of algal mats. In addition, many of the shales contain the remains of dasycladacean green algae. The common co-occurrence of various ceritheacean gastropods in the shales suggests the abundance of algal growth in areas of fine-grained deposition. TROCHACEAN MORPHOLOGIC TRENDS Among the Upper Cretaceous trochacean gastropods found in Puerto Rico and Jamaica, several show mor- phologies atypical of earlier members of their lineages. In some instances, the appearance of certain characters seems to be indicative of change in life habit for that species, but, for others exhibiting new character sets, no clear-cut functional explanation is obvious. Chilodonta.—The shells of Chilodonta show a con- stancy in sculpture, with whorls of the spire bearing three to six spiral cords that are crossed by transverse cords of near equal strength, which, in combination, produce a cancellate pattern (Pl. 6, fig. 6). The shell is umbilicate (Pl. 6, figs. 2,3) until maturity, when the opening is covered by apertural callus. The mature ap- erture is oblique and is interiorly restricted by denticles around the peristome (PI. 6, figs. 11—17). Text-figure 4 presents a stratigraphically arranged spectrum of form exhibited by various Jurassic and Cretaceous species of Chilodonta. The figure shows what may be interpreted as a number of morphologic changes with time as follows: 1. Increase in complexity of the peristome margin. The type species, Chilodonta clathrata Etallon, 1862, from the Jurassic (Oxfordian) of France (specimen A in Text-fig. 4), 1s typical of the early members of the genus that possessed five denticles of variable size and nearly equally spaced around the peristome margin. Lower Cretaceous species such as Chilodonta cotteaui Peron, 1900, from the Neocomian of France (specimen B in Text-fig. 4), show an increase in noding, especial- ly upon the interior of the outer lip, and subdivision of the columellar plication. This trend culminates in Chilodonta obliqua n. sp. from the Maastrichtian of Puerto Rico (specimen D in Text-fig. 4). In this spe- cies, numerous strong denticles are developed around the peristomal margin, and some show various com- plexities of subdivision. Additional ridges are devel- oped lateral to the inner lip and extend over the pari- etal surface. 2. Increase in area of shell base covered by callus. The peristomal margin is thickened on shells of even the earliest species (specimen A in Text-fig. 4), but, 16 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Stratigraphic ranges of selected mollusks San German quadrangle STAGES Maastricht- ian Sabana Grande Formation Cotui Limestone Lajas Formation Campanian a a 7) wn g re) 2 % £2) fe) c s - Barrettia gigas Barrettia coatesi Trochactaeon (T.) woodsi Sabana Grande Formation Santonian Barrettia rusae Coniacian Sabana Grande quadrangle Formation Cayey and Central Aguirre quadrangle Orocovis quadrangle Barranquitas quadrangle Revés Membe Member Coamo Formation ® Formation Blacho Tuff Member @ Pozas Pozas Formation Maravillas Formation Yauco Formation (part) Rio Bauta Carniblanco Nambor Formation Perchas Formation p ? Rio Orocovis Group (part) Magueyes Formation (part) Robles Formation (part) Rio Orocovis Grou (part) Text-figure 5 —Correlation of the Upper Cretaceous rocks of central and southwestern Puerto Rico. Numbers in circles represent the relative stratigraphic positions of the corresponding numbered localities described in “‘Stratigraphy and Locality Register.’ Abbreviations: Fm, For- mation; Ls, Limestone. Stratigraphic ranges of mollusks are based primarily on studies by Dommelen (1971) and MacGillavry (1977) and on unpublished observations of my own. Diagram modified from Sohl (1992). on these, a well-defined callus extends only a short distance onto the parietal surface. In the Cretaceous species (specimens B and C in Text-fig. 4), the outer lip becomes thickened and the callus extends further across the base of the shell, forming a circular surface surrounding the peristome. This trend culminates in the Maastrichtian species C. obliqua (specimen D in Text-fig. 4), in which the callus extends over both the parietal surface and the shell base. The margins of the callus lose contact with the shell surface, and the area becomes a callus-covered, flattened disc. 3. Increase in inclination of the apertural plane. Pre- cise measurement of the degree of inclination of the final aperture is lacking for most species. The angle cannot be deduced from growth-line trend on earlier whorls because, during the latest growth stages, the final portion of the body whorl descends. Thus, the final aperture deviates from the angle of the early stages of growth, and available illustrations of most species are insufficient to provide definitive measure- ments. One can be assured that the angle of apertural inclination of the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous spe- cies (specimens A and B in Text-fig. 4) is not as great as that of the Maastrichtian species (specimen D in Text-fig. 4). The approximate degree of change in this character is represented by angles presented on the bottom of Text-figure 4. The net effect of the changes outlined above is to produce a limpetlike outline to the shell. The broad, flat, callus-covered shell base, coupled with the pro- portionally low spire, seems to provide C. obliqua with the characters consistent with the ability to cling to hard substrates. This is a habit assumed by several other living members of the Chilodontini (Hickman and McLean, 1990). Discotectus and Tectus.—The Caribbean Campani- an through Maastrichtian record of diversity for Dis- cotectus and Tectus is unequaled by that of any other area. For the most part, the morphology and sculpture exhibited by the Caribbean species are those basic to earlier members of the genera. Two exceptions to this observation exist and are exemplified by two new gen- era proposed herein—Stegnostomella and Denticula- brum. Both are examples of a trend during the Cam- panian and Maastrichtian for the appearance of new and commonly more complex morphologies among CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 17 Stratigraphic ranges of selected rudist bivalves Jerusalem Green Island Mountain and inlier Lucea inliers STAGES Masemure Maastricht- Formation ian Jerusalem Mountain Formation Moreland Formation $ n g g [2 5 3 5 5 - Campanian of the Hanover Group 4 S Da S o 5 ee} Barrettia coatesi Barrettia rusae Santonian Lower shale of the Hanover Group Coniacian 2 Conglomerate Green Island Formation Upper shales Limestone Maldon and Central St. Anns Sunderland inlier Great River inliers inlier Marchmont inlier Summerfield 3 Formation Shaw Castle Shale(@e-a) “Woodland Shale GlinealGarn “Titanosarco- {Maldon Limestone] Formation lites limestone" |Summerhill Shale Kensington Ls. Stapleton Formation @) Newman Hall Shale Sunderland Shale Slippery @) Rock Formation =? St. Anns Great River Formation Cascade Conglomerate Bull Head Conglomerate Windsor Shale ? Johns Hall Conglomerate Peters Hil Formation Arthurs Seat Volcanics Text-figure 6.—Correlation of the Upper Cretaceous rocks of central and western Jamaica. Numbers in circles represent the relative strati- graphic positions of the corresponding numbered localities described in “Stratigraphy and Locality Register.’’ Abbreviations: Ls, Limestone; Fm, Formation. Stratigraphic ranges of mollusks are based primarily on studies by Dommelen (1971) and MacGillavry (1977) and on unpub- lished observations of my own. Stratigraphic nomenclature for the inliers is based on the following: Jerusalem Mountain inlier, Jiang and Robinson (1987); Green Island and Lucea inliers, Sohl (1992); Marchmont inlier, Sohl and Kollmann (1985); Maldon and Sunderland inliers, modified from Chubb (1971); Central inlier, Sohl (1992); St. Anns Great River inlier, modified from Jiang and Robinson (1987). long-lived, but generally conservative, gastropod stocks present in the Upper Cretaceous assemblages of the Caribbean region. Denticulabrum 1s interpreted as a derivative of the Discotectus lineage in which, in addition to the plait that lies low on the columella, a spiral ridge is present on the parietal surface, and multiple spiral ridges are present on the interior of the outer and basal lips (PI. 16, figs. 1,2,4,5). These structures considerably restrict the highly inclined aperture. The functional signifi- cance of such elaborate apertural modifications is un- clear, and linking them to strengthening of the aper- tural rim or to deterring predation is speculative. Stegnostomella, because of the presence of a basal peripheral angulation and concavely flat base, is pos- tulated to have arisen from a Tectus-like ancestor. The final aperture is well recessed on the concave base and is surrounded by callus that covers almost the com- plete shell base (Pl. 18, figs. 6-11). The aperture is margined by two pronounced ridges, one on the pari- etal surface and the other forming a downturned basal lip. The progressive development of the aperture is shown on figures 5—11 of Plate 18. In essence, the increase in inclination of the final aperture relative to the shell axis converts the shell to a patelliform shape, and one might postulate that the concavely flat, callus- coated base and shape are modifications for a clinging habit. Another analogy may hold equally well. The recessed position of the aperture on the concave base, the confining marginal ridges that are downturned at the edge, and the presence of extended spines at the basal periphery are characters on some shells of the Xenophoridae (Linsley and Yochelson, 1973). In this instance, the spines may have provided a firm support for the suspension of the animal above the substrate for a deposit-feeding mode of life. These examples indicate that the trochaceans of the Cretaceous Antillean warm-water carbonate-platform facies were a viable group in which even the older and more conservative lineages were still able to experi- 18 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 ment with new life styles during the closing phases of the Cretaceous Period. STRATIGRAPHIC SUMMARY OF ANTILLEAN UPPER CRETACEOUS TRCOCHACEAN OCCURRENCE The correlation of the Upper Cretaceous lithostrat- igraphic units containing trochacean gastropods in Puerto Rico and Jamaica is presented in Text-figures 5 and 6. Because they are the most pervasive and per- haps the best studied faunal elements, the rudist bi- valves serve as a prime biostratigraphic basis for the correlations presented. The endemic nature of the rud- ist fauna, however, precludes their utilization for in- tercontinental correlation. Age assignments are there- fore based upon the conventional biostratigraphic tools of ammonite, inoceramid bivalve, or planktonic fora- minifer associations. Unfortunately, occurrences of such critical dating fossils are sporadic in the domi- nantly volcaniclastic sequences of the Cretaceous of the Antillean Islands. Thus, the age assignments pre- sented in Text-figures 5 and 6 should be considered only as tentative appraisals. These age assignments are derived mainly from Pessagno (1976) for foraminifers, Jiang and Robinson (1987) for nannofossils, Kauffman (1976) for inoceramid bivalves, and Sohl (1976) for ammonites and other macrofossils. Additional data on age and correlation of the units are presented in the following section, ‘‘Stratigraphy and Locality Regis- tens Text-figure 7 summarizes the known stratigraphic ranges of the trochacean gastropod species described in this paper. The ranges of many of the species are depicted as short. The assumption that shortness of the given ranges indicates a rapid rate of evolution of the trochaceans in this area must be viewed with caution. In many instances, the range shown on Text-figure 7 is dependent on limited knowledge and may reflect the reconnaissance level of investigation on the paleontol- ogy of the Antilles Cretaceous. Some species are known only as a unique occurrence or from very few localities that are at virtually the same stratigraphic level. It is possible, and even likely, that the strati- graphic range for these species will be increased as additional material is found on these or contiguous is- lands or in Mexico and Central America. In other in- stances, for example, among the species of Chilodonta, there are a sufficient number of occurrences, both geo- graphically and stratigraphically, that we can give cre- dence to their ranges as illustrated. Precise information on the localities at which the trochaceans discussed here were found is provided in the following section. That section also includes dis- cussions of the associated faunas that provide the basis for the construction of Text-figures 5, 6, and 7. STRATIGRAPHY AND LOCALITY REGISTER The following discussions and locality descriptions are keyed to the general locality maps (Text-figs. 1 and 2), the detailed locality maps (Text-figs. 8-14, 16-22), and the correlation charts (Text-figs. 5,6). Text-figure 15 shows facies relations of Upper Cretaceous deposts in central and western Jamaica. U.S. Geological Sur- vey (USGS) Mesozoic locality numbers are provided for each collection. Puerto Rico Upper Cretaceous trochacean gastropods have been found in two main areas of Puerto Rico, the central and south-central area and the southwestern region. The reader is directed to Glover (1971) for an over- view of the geology of the central and south-central area and to Mattson (1960) and Volckmann (1984) for a similar view of the geology of the southwest. Some reappraisal of the age of various Puerto Rico Creta- ceous stratigraphic units is presented below in the dis- cussions of individual localities. These changes are re- flected in the differences between the correlation chart presented on Text-figure 5 and that given in Sohl and Kollmann (1985, fig. 17). Cayey Quadrangle Locality 1.—Cuyon Formation. Limestone exposed in a roadcut of Puerto Rico Highway 162, 0.7 km northwest of intersection of Highways 162 and 1, Bar- rio Cuy6én, Municipio de Aibonito (Text-fig. 8). Puerto Rico meter grid 173,525 N.; 29,970 E. USGS Meso- zoic locality 26825 (collectors: N.E Sohl and P.A. Gel- abert, 1957). Glover (1971, p. 50) described the 75-m-thick Cuyo6n Formation as follows: ‘‘a heterogeneous formation comprising, from the base upward, (1) reddish-gray vol- caniclastic rocks, (2) drab reworked tuff with lenses of conglomerate, and (3) limestone.’ The formation is areally restricted to the northwestern part of the Cayey quadrangle, and the limestone unit is poorly exposed but contains a middle to late Maastrichtian planktonic foraminifer assemblage (Glover, 1971). Although much recrystallized, the limestone contains a macrofossil as- semblage, most of which can be determined only to a questionable generic level. Rudist bivalves are common and include Sauvagesia sp., Plagioptychus? sp., Antil- locaprina? sp., and indeterminate radiolitids. Nerineid and cerithiid gastropods have been recognized in ad- dition to the trochaceans reported on here. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 19 STAGES Stratigraphic ranges of selected mollusks Family Turbinidae Pseudoliotina mcleani n.sp. Arene truncatosphaera_ n.sp. Liotiinae undetermined Nododelphinula trechmanni n.sp. N? nudula_n.sp. Angaria? sp. Antillocollonia brujoensis n.sp. Metriomphalus woodringi n.sp. M. horridus n.sp. M. canabonensis_ n.sp. Family Trochidae Eucyclus? sp. Chilodonta obliqua n.sp. C. aff. C. obliqua C. jamaicaensis_n.sp. Planolateralus? hanoverensis n.sp. Discotectus coquiensis n.sp. D.sp.A D. barranquitasensis n.sp. D. gelaberti n.sp. D. cyrtoconus_n.sp. D. scotti n.sp. D. crebrinodosus_n.sp. D. zansi_ n.sp. D. marchmontensis _n.sp. D. sp. Denticulabrum laevigatum n.sp. D. duckettsensis n.sp. Stegnostomella haughtonensis n.sp. Tectus revesenis n.sp. T. berryhilli_n.sp. T. kauffmani n.sp. T. sp.A T. variegatus n.sp. T. sp. Jujubinus botijasensis n.sp. Solariella marchmontensis n.sp. Camitia (Micatia) plicata n.sp. Santonian — Barrettia coatesi Barrettia rusae ———— Trochactaeon (T.) woodsi Campanian Maastrichtian Barrettia gigas Titanosarcolites spp. EE JK aCe iis Ze Loy ie = BCEFGHIJKMN Cc. ae Es BCGHIJK LM am abe = c gc aes Er M GS uk ACEFKLN HJK HJK IM acs SBE M wes HK BCDFHKN C Text-figure 7.—Stratigraphic ranges of the described trochacean species from Puerto Rico and Jamaica. Letters above the stratigraphic range line represent geographic occurrence in Puerto Rican quadrangles A—F and Jamaican inliers G—N as follows: A, Cayey quadrangle; B, Central Aguirre quadrangle; C, Barranquitas quadrangle; D, Orocovis quadrangle; E, Sabana Grande quadrangle; K San German quadrangle; G, St. Anns Great River inlier; H, Central inlier; I, Sunderland inlier; J, Maldon inlier; K, Marchmont inlier; L, Lucea inlier; M, Green Island inlier; N, Jerusalem Mountain inlier. Stratigraphic ranges of mollusks are based primarily on studies by Dommelen (1971) and MacGillavry (1977) and on unpublished observations of my own. Central Aguirre Quadrangle Localities 2 and 3 represent the only known occur- rences of Cretaceous rocks within the Central Aguirre quadrangle. Locality 2.—Coamo Formation. Shale exposures in gullies above abandoned quarry about 10 to 14 m above road level at southeastern end of elliptical hill (Text-fig. 9) 0.88 km north-northwest of intersection of Puerto Rico Route 3 and the Coqui-to-Central Aguirre road (Puerto Rico Route 705), Barrio Aguirre, Municipio de Salinas. Area of 200 m2 centered at Puerto Rico meter grid 16,200 N.; 173,300 E. USGS Mesozoic localities 26393 (collector: H.L. Berryhill, Jr., 1956), 26829 (collectors: N.E Sohl and P.A. Gel- abert, 1957), and 30358 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1973). Locality 3.—Coamo Formation. From a 3-m-thick cobbly shale unit interbedded with massive limestone on crest of elliptical hill (Text-fig. 9) 1.45 km north- northwest of intersection of Puerto Rico Route 3 and the Coqui-to-Central Aguirre road (Puerto Rico Route 705), Barrio Aguirre, Municipio de Salinas. Puerto 20 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 66°13'45" ov. 2 G G "=. a N To Aibonito Ke) /] [e) e \ cA A, ue) aN Outcrop of Revés Member of Pozas Formation Outcrop of Botijas Limestone Member of Pozas Formaation — — Municipio boundary —fes)— Secondary road Pnmary road River @® Locality where fossils were collected To (69) Barranquitas 0 05 MILES te) 05 KILOMETERS Text-figure 10.—Collection localities 4—7, Municipio de Orocovis, and localities 8-12, Municipio de Barranquitas, Puerto Rico. Base from U.S. Geological Survey Barranquitas 7.5-minute quadrangle, scale 1:20,000, 1957. Lima sp. Neithea bexarensis Stephenson, 1941 Ostrea sp. Granocardium sp. Parmicorbula sp. Scaphopoda: Dentalium sp. The limestones and cobbly shales from the upper part of the hill, including those of locality 3, bear abundant rudist bivalves that include Titanosarcolites giganteus (Whitfield), 1897, Plagioptychus jamaicen- sis (Whitfield), 1897, Durania nicholasi (Whitfield), 1897, and Parastoma guitarti (Palmer), 1933. Thus, Tectus berryhilli Sohl, n. sp., described herein from locality 2, may be assigned to the Maastrichtian range zone of Titanosarcolites. Barranquitas Quadrangle Fossiliferous Upper Cretaceous limestones and cal- careous shales crop out in the northwestern quadrant of the Barranquitas quadrangle (Text-fig. 10). These fossiliferous units were mapped by Briggs and Gela- bert (1962) as the Botijas Limestone Member and Re- vés Member of the Coamo Formation. Subsequently, Briggs (1969) revised the stratigraphic nomenclature of this area and included these members within Ber- ryhill’s (1965) Pozas Formation. As is indicated be- low, under the discussions of the collection localities, some of the original mapping of these fossiliferous members may need revision because paleontological evidence suggests that three units may be present rath- er than two and that the Botijas Limestone Member is more likely Campanian than Maastrichtian (Text-fig. 5). This reassessment of the age of the Botijas Lime- stone Member is based upon the presence, at some localities, of the gastropod Trochactaeon (T.) woodsi (Rennie), 1930. Elsewhere, this species occurs in up- per Campanian units. Localities 4, 5, and 6.—Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation. Roadcuts and hill slope above and south of Puerto Rico Route 568 between Orocovis and Botijas at the small settlement along the sharp road bend 0.56 km (airline) a little north of west from Bot- ijas, Barrio Botijas, Municipio de Orocovis (Text-fig. 10). Vicinity of Puerto Rico meter grid 45,550 N.; 158,880 E. Locality 4, USGS Mesozoic localities 26802 (collectors: N.E Sohl and P.A. Gelabert, 1957) and 33365 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1973). Locality 5, USGS Mesozoic locality 31489 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1965). Locality 6, USGS Mesozoic locality 29392 (collectors: N.F Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1965). Stratigraphic positions of localities 4—6 are indicated in Table 1. These expo- sures are in the type area of the Botijas Limestone Member designated by Briggs and Gelabert (1962) and serve well as a reference section. The section is terminated at the base of unit 1 by a fault contact; farther south along the road, another sec- tion begins that repeats part of the previous section in ascending order. Above the rudist framework bed of unit 6 of the measured section and higher on the hill, N Nw Table 1.—Section of the Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation beginning on bench of hill slope above and extending below into roadcut of Puerto Rico Route 568 at localities 4, 5, and 6. Thickness (meters) Pozas Formation: Botijas Limestone Member: 9. Limestone, gray, consisting of a framework of closely spaced, elongate, tubular specimens of Barrettia sp. B Dommelen, 1971......... 1 to 1.3 8. Sand, muddy, calcarenitic, containing large specimens of Durania nicholasi (Whitfield), 1897, in growth position...................55. 0.5 Ths (Groner oe pononsoumssnedaoaoooosbaca0c0udoods onNoS 2.0 6. Limestone, gray, calcarenitic, containing com- mon worn clasts (to 3 cm) of radiolitid AIVOlIGS 4 a coondaeooadddobeposconpacoauosonsocdedo 1.0 Sh, (SHON G20 lo caporadoopHands danse sapsansecoobaBboasocads 4.0 4. Limestone rubble in shaly matrix; limestone cobbles are blue gray and crystalline and contain abundant bioclasts. One meter above base is a 1.2-m-thick zone of large fragments of Durania nicholasi (Whitfield), 1897. Shales between clasts contain such epifaunal bivalves as Brachidontes, Ostrea, and Spondylus and very small terebratuloid brachiopods. Spondylus and Ostrea are common encrusters on limestone clasts (lo- cality 6, USGS Mesozoic locality 29392) .. 3.5 3. Limestone, blue-gray, crystalline, massive, grad- ing upward into massive calcarenitic lime- stone, which contains occasional larger clasts of Durania. Exposure discontinuous .......... 17.0 2. Limestone, silty, blue-gray when fresh, but lo- cally decalcified and brown; limestone is thin to medium bedded near base and grades to massive at top; nodular zones are present throughout. Whole and fragmentary rudists (radiolitids, Plagiotychus, and Barrettia) be- come more common upward in unit, and some, possibly derived, limestone blocks containing abundant Acropora-like corals occur near top of unit (locality 4, USGS Mesozoic localities 26802 and 33365 in up- per part of unit; locality 5, USGS Mesozoic locality 31489, in lower part of unit) ....... 8.0 1. Limestone, dark-blue-gray, silty, containing stromatoporoids, grading up to brownish, tuffaceous, mainly decalcified limestone.... 2.2 Total Botijas Limestone Member................ 39.2 to 39.5 additional exposures are present. Following a covered interval above the measured section is an interval of brownish silty limestone or calcareous siltstone that is overlain by a cliff-forming, poorly fossiliferous, silty to calcarenitic limestone. The whole section is capped by massive, bedded, tuffaceous sandstone. The upper part of this sequence appears to be at least 80 m thick. Locality 7.—Botijas Limestone Member of the Po- zas Formation. Roadcut of Puerto Rico Route 568 be- PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 tween Orocovis and Botijas, and about 0.6 km (airline) west-southwest of Botijas, Barrio Botijas, Municipio de Orocovis (Text-fig. 10). Puerto Rico meter grid 45,300 N.; 158,800 E. USGS Mesozoic locality 29394 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1965). This collection was made from limestones exposed discontinuously along the highway in an interval that corresponds to unit 4 of the measured section given above. Localities 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12.—Revés Member of the Pozas Formation. Roadcuts of Puerto Rico Route 772, on north valley wall of the Rio Cafabo6n, 1.85 km (airline) east-southeast of road intersection in Bot- ijas, Barrio Canabon, Municipio de Barranquitas (Text-fig. 10), almost on boundary with Municipio de Orocovis. Puerto Rico meter grid 44,490 N.; 161,090 E. Locality 8, USGS Mesozoic locality 28829 (collec- tor: N.E Sohl, 1963). Locality 9, USGS Mesozoic lo- cality 30387 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1973). Locality 10, USGS Mesozoic locality 30388 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1973). Locality 11, USGS Mesozoic localities 29365 (collectors: N.F Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1965) and 30389 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1973). Locality 12, USGS Me- sozoic locality 33364 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1973). Stratigraphic positions of localities 8—12 are indicated in Table 2. Briggs and Gelabert (1962) mapped the lower lime- stone unit of the section given above as a continuation of the Botijas Limestone Member eastward from the type area (localities 4—7 on Text-figure 10). The faunas of the limestones of these two areas differ sufficiently to question their exact contemporaneity. For example, the common presence of large specimens of Trochac- taeon (T.) woodsi (Rennie) in units 2—6 of the above section is in distinct contrast to its total absence from localities 4—7. Further field work is needed to dem- onstrate whether these differences are stratigraphic or environmentally related. Orocovis Quadrangle Locality 13.—Rio Bauta Member of the Pozas For- mation. Trail along north- to northeast-trending ridge crest above Puerto Rico Route 157 and about 0.3 km slightly east of north of bridge crossing of Rio Bauta, Barrio Damian Arriba, Municipio de Orocovis (Text- fig. 11). Puerto Rico meter grid 44,850 to 44,900 N.; 150,250 E. USGS Mesozoic locality 28836 (collector: N.E Sohl, 1963). This collection comes from the upper part of the Rio Bauta Member of the Pozas Formation (Text-fig. 5). As defined by Briggs (1969), the member consists of about 100 m of dark-colored, calcareous, volcanic CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 23 Table 2.—Section of the Botijas Limestone and Revés Members of the Pozas Formation at localities 8 through 12. [Measured from streambed of the Rio Cafabén (Puerto Rico meter grid 44,300 N.; 161,000 E.) northward to the roadcuts of Puerto Rico Route 772 (Puerto Rico meter grid 44,490 N.; 161,090 E). Housing develop- ment along the highway encroached upon and eradicated the upper- most part of the section by 1973; detailed measurements were first made in 1965. The exact position of locality 8, USGS Mesozoic locality 28829, within the section could not be determined by G.L. Wingard; however, N.F. Sohl’s field notes and sketches indicate that it most likely falls in unit 13.] Thickness (meters) Pozas Formation: Revés Member: 15. Silt, beige to brown, tuffaceous, cobbly; bed- ding medium below, grading upward to IES Nes se acaespoaqdecsosnaosbeccoonedsdaanoananoG 8.0 14. Limestone, gray to blue-gray, silty, massively bedded, sparsely fossiliferous, containing a few radiolitid rudist bivalves and stromatoporoids el 13. Limestone, yellow-brown, cobbly, interbed- ded with shale, abundantly fossiliferous; up- per 0.3 m contains a concentration of indi- vidual and clustered Barrettia (locality 9, USGS Mesozoic locality 30387); below, shale contains a few irregular echinoids and a moderately diverse mollusk assem- blage (locality 10, USGS Mesozoic locality S\0S}:1:) Sooussapecaepccdesndaacséooccsdeocoudsosog6 BE. 12. Shale, reddish near base becoming brown above, containing diverse and abundant nonrudist mollusks (locality 11, USGS Me- sozoic localities 29365 and 30389).......... 2.4 11. Limestone, blue-gray, cobbly to well-bedded, fossiliferous, containing rare radiolitid rud- ists and internal molds of other mollusks... 1.5 10. Limestone, blue-gray, weathering to beige, silty, cobbly, interbedded with beige to grayish shale; shale distorted and squeezed between cobbles, fossiliferous, containing a few rudist bivalves but a varied assemblage of other mollusks (locality 12, USGS Me- sozoic locality 33364)....................005: 7.0 9. Siltstone, nodular, tuffaceous, well-bedded, interbedded with greenish-gray shales; local zones of conglomerate; fossils sparse ....... TotalRevess Member ce cccce jeleseisis seis se scien Bile (Roadcut section terminated by a fault zone at base of unit 9; section continues on valley wall below road level where units dip at a much higher angle. Displacement on fault unknown.) i) le Botijas Limestone Member: 8. Silt and clay, interbedded, brownish to red- dish, containing scattered ~— volcanic jones Sabadoacssoaconsnadondnysodoacbacooaceandd 4.0 7. Limestone, reddish to grayish, calcarenitic near top, but, downward, terrigenous com- ponents, including volcanic fragments, in- crease in abundance; massively bedded; fos- sus mainly’ fragmentary 55. .-0c-00-rcc serene 6.5 Table 2.—Continued. Thickness (meters) 6. Limestone, light-gray, calcarenitic, and mas- sively bedded; fossiliferous, with rudist bivalves as prominent constituents including Plagioptychus sp. (clustered in zones), small radiolitids, and rare Bar- rettia sp.; the large gastropod Trochactaeon (Tro- chactaeon) woodsi (Rennie), 1930, occurs sparsely along with scattered corals and pockets of algal (lelsyetS Gaugusoadoooaapasacondeoncood dacobabnsosocodaaoaune 5.0 5. Mainly covered, but with a rubble zone at top where individual specimens and clusters of Barret- tia sp. and a few Durania sp. weather out on hill SIGNED socoten sean sonapboannescnonosasocuSbur sudueDEdedesese 6.0 4. Limestone, gray, weathering to a hummocky surface; fossiliferous surface shows weathered-out cross sections of Plagioptychus sp., Trochactaeon (T.) woodsi, and other mollusks ................-....+- 0.6 Soi CONS |. Soddpededousovosutusosbetenabocdasosmpacse 1.2 2. Limestone, gray to reddish-gray, massive (forming bluffs along the Rio Cafabon), fossilifer- ous, containing rare Barrettia sp., common large fragments of Durania sp., local concentrations of Plagioptychus sp., and common Trochactaeon...... 4.5 to 6.0 Total Botijas Limestone Member .............. 27.8 to 29.3 Unnamed member: 1. Tuff and volcanic conglomerates (exposed in river bed); thickness unknown. Total Pozas formation ....................-+..55- 59.0 to 60.5 sandstones, siltstones, and mudstones with minor ad- juncts of limestone, generally as lentils. The unit was excellently exposed in the middle and late 1960’s in a series of cuts along Puerto Rico Route 157 from near Puerto Rico meter grid 45,105 N.; 148,910 E., to 45,000 N.; 149,490 E. (A to B on Text- fig. 11). Most of these roadcuts were obscured by slump or overgrowth by 1973. In this area, immedi- ately overlying coarse, dark-purplish, volcaniclastic 66°27'30" 18°15' 0 0.5 MILE bas i) 0.5 KILOMETER Text-figure 11.—Collection locality 13, Municipio de Orocovis, Puerto Rico. Base from U.S. Geological Survey Orocovis 7.5-minute quadrangle, scale 1:20,000, 1957. Cuts between sites A and B pro- vided good exposures in the 1960’s of the Rio Bauta Member of the Pozas Formation, as discussed in text. 24 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 67°00' \ To Las Guaras 18°02'30" Ny ( G17) 0 EXPLANATION tj Light duty road — — — — Unimproved dirt road 15 To Machuchal —~ | 0.5 MILE 0.5 KILOMETER Text-figure 12.—Collection localities 14 and 15, Municipio de Lajas, Puerto Rico. Base from U.S. Geological Survey Sabana Grande 7.5- minute quadrangle, scale 1:20,000, 1966. Silicified limestones similar to those at locality 14 are exposed at site A, as discussed in text. conglomerate, the lower part of the Rio Bauta Member is mainly brownish tuffaceous siltstone and _ shale. About 4 m above the base, numerous echinoids and the gastropod Trochactaeon cf. T. (T.) woodsi (Ren- nie), of Sohl and Kollmann (1985) was found. Higher in the section, at about 15 m above the base, a 0.5-m- thick bed of rubbly limestone yielded the rudist bi- valve Barrettia coatesi Chubb, 1967, in abundance. This rudist is known to occur in the upper Santonian part of units dated as late Santonian to early Campan- ian in Jamaica. An overlying unit of tuffaceous silt and sand of undetermined thickness follows and is overlain by a sequence of mainly mudstones. These mudstones appear to have been deposited in very near shore con- ditions, some in brackish-water environments. Beds containing paucispecific accumulations of cerithiacean (potamidid) gastropods suggesting mudflat assem- blages alternate with beds dominated by carditid bi- valves and small ostreids. This interval is capped by a welded tuff unit. The uppermost part of the member is exposed at locality 13 along the cited north- to northeast-trending ridge north of the bridge over the Rio Bauta. Here the tuff units are overlain by calcareous, fossiliferous mudstones and intervening limestone beds composed of radiolitid rudist pavements to | m thick (USGS Me- sozoic locality 28836) and cobbly limestone. Upward the member grades through brownish tuffs containing calcareous nodules into red and greenish volcaniclastic beds of the Blacho Tuff Member of the Pozas For- mation. In sum, the presence of Barrettia coatesi and a pre- cursor of Trochactaeon (T.) woodsi in the lower part of the Rio Bauta Member suggests a late Santonian assignment for those beds. The beds at locality 13 are slightly higher stratigraphically, but most likely fall within the same age range. Sabana Grande Quadrangle Locality 14.—E] Rayo Formation. Saddle and gul- lies below crest of 125-m-high hill east of Quebrada Jicara, 4.75 km south-southwest of Sabana Grande, Barrio Lajas Arriba, Municipio de Lajas (Text-fig. 12). Vicinity of Puerto Rico meter grid 23,900 N.; 93,400 to 93,600 E. USGS Mesozoic localities 28664 (collec- tor: Peter Mattson, 1962), 28748 (collectors: N.E Sohl and Peter Mattson, 1962), 29075 (collector: N.F Sohl, 1963), 29088 (collectors: N.E Sohl and E.G. Kauff- man, 1964), and 29361 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1965). The collections come from silicified limestones within the El Rayo Formation, exposed below the crest of the hill. Distribution of silicification is erratic and was probably controlled by fractures or fault lines that are not obvious on the local outcrop. Similar silicifi- cation is seen in limestones further to the east along the ridge trend, where it is exposed in roadcuts of Puerto Rico Route 328 south of Las Guaras (A on CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 25 Text-fig. 12). At that locality, however, siliceous gangue cements the rock so thoroughly that it prevents recovery of good specimens from the acidized resi- dues. By contrast, recovery of complete specimens is common at locality 14. The lower part of the hill at locality 14 shows dis- continuous exposures of massive, gray limestone con- taining common ostreid bivalves and fragments of oth- er mollusks. Float on the hill slopes and in gullies indicates that this limestone is overlain by a poorly exposed interval of presumed interbedded brownish shale and limestone. The blocks of silicified limestone providing the fauna here studied come from this in- terval, which probably contains several beds of lime- stone, as indicated by residues recovered from the aci- dizing. The top of the hill is capped by first a light-gray limestone containing such rudist bivalves as Parastro- ma sp. and Titanosarcolites giganteus (Whitfield), 1897, and an overlying gray, massively bedded, dense limestone containing only scattered fragments of fos- sils. Titanosarcolites does not occur in the silicified residues, but its presence in the limestones immediate- ly above suggests a Maastrichtian assignment for the fauna. In composite, the silicified limestone contains a most varied molluscan fauna, including representative species of nearly 80 gastropod genera, an abundance of pelecypods, including the rudists Antillocaprina, Plagioptychus, Parastroma, Orbignya, Durania, and various other smaller radiolitids that occur as individ- ual specimens or small clusters. Corals and coralline algae are also abundant. The lack of representation of framework building suggests deposition in a lagoonal environment. This is the most diverse assemblage of Upper Cretaceous mollusks yet found in the Antilles. Locality 15.—E] Rayo Formation. South of irriga- tion ditch on slope of 60-m-high hill north of Puerto Rico Route 117, 0.8 km (airline) northeast of Escuela Thomas A. Edison, Barrio Plata, Municipio de Lajas (Text-fig. 12). Puerto Rico meter grid 22,990 N.; 95,210 E. USGS Mesozoic localities 28746 (collec- tors: N.E Sohl and Peter Mattson, 1962) and 29360 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1965). Brownish to reddish-purple shales are poorly ex- posed on the lower slope of the hill at locality 15 (Text-fig. 12). One zone, rich in irregular echinoids, is present, but most other fossils are fragmentary and weather out on the slope. Most common among the fauna recovered at local- ity 15 are Titanosarcolites sp. (fragment), Durania sp., Exogyra sp., Spondylus sp., Turritella sp., other small mollusks, corals, and algal clasts. The shales are over- lain by impure limestones containing near-coquina zones of Ostrea arizpensis Bose, 1913. The oyster Sabana Eneas GRANDE 18°05' -— 0 05 MILE ie) 0.5 KILOMETER Text-figure 13.—Collection localities 16 and 17, Municipio de San German, Puerto Rico. Base from U.S. Geological Survey San German 7.5-minute quadrangle, scale 1:20,000, 1966. limestone has a very high dip and may be the highest Cretaceous unit in the area because flatter lying Ter- tiary deposits are exposed in close proximity to the south and east. The presence of Titanosarcolites sug- gests a Maastrichtian assignment for the shale. Addi- tionally, similar oyster-rich limestones are seen to the east in Puerto Rico, at the top of the Miramar For- mation of the Rio Descalabrado quadrangle (Glover, 1971) and in the oyster limestones of the Santoy and Jerusalem Mountain inliers of western Jamaica. In all these areas, the oyster-rich limestones lie at or near the top of the Cretaceous section. San German Quadrangle Locality 16.—Cotui Limestone. Exposures along trail on ridge crest 2.6 km south-southeast of highway intersection in Monte Grande, Barrio Tuna, Municipio de San German (Text-fig. 13). Puerto Rico meter grid 26,125 N.; 81,980 E. USGS Mesozoic locality 30518 (collectors: N.E Sohl, R.P. Volckmann, and W.O. Ross, 1974). This collection comes from the top of the Cotui Limestone in partly silicified limestone that is overlain by volcanic sediments of the Sabana Grande Forma- tion. The limestone contains Trochactaeon (T.) woodsi (Rennie), typical of the Cotui. The unit is underlain by a limestone containing an abundance of nerineid gas- tropods followed below on the main hill slopes by massively bedded limestone. 26 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Table 3.—Section of El Rayo Formation at localities 18 through 22 (Text-fig. 14). [Measured from irrigation ditch at south flank of quarry northward across east-west-striking beds. Dip near vertical in basal units, lessens upward. ] Thickness (meters) El Rayo Formation: 11. Limestone, light-gray, dense, massive to me- dium-bedded, fossiliferous with some cob- bly limestone and shaly beds in lower part. Upper limestones less fossiliferous than lower; upper limestones contain scattered Titanosarcolites sp. and small clusters of Distafenella sp.; rabbly limestones in lower part contain common Titanosarcolites sp., Biradiolites cubensis, stromatoporoids, and colonial corals (locality 18, USGS Meso- zoic locality 30368); a thin shale occurs lo- cally at base of unit and is much sheared, but contains a poorly preserved assemblage of small mollusks (locality 19, USGS Me- SOZOICG Locality) 30367) ceccceet ascii eissse © 31.0 10. Volcanic mudstones, dark-purplish-red, con- taining some zones of conglomerate; unit thickens to east and thins and pinches be- tween limestone units 8 and 11 at west end Ofiquarnyee-eeeere ee s-checaracceenecccitrnccriss 12.0 9. Shale, sandy, brown, tuffaceous................ 1.0 8. Limestone, gray, massive near top and cobbly below. Upper part contains scattered radiol- itid rudists and common foraminifers; lower rubbly limestone has abundant fossil cob- bles; coarse angular bioclasts occur between cobbles. Unit 8 contains Parastroma sp., Barrettia sp., Antillocaprina sp., Chiapasel- la‘sps, and!‘colonial’ corals sn .sjes.ecccisteersrient ed) 7. Shale, brownish-gray, massive with hackly fracture, containing lenticular siltstone beds and concretions, fossiliferous; solitary cor- als abundant, Turritella sp. and other small mollusks scattered (locality 22; USGS Me- sozoic Locality, 30366) )renccicecccei-- eile 10.7 67 Covered Eaasccreemncmeneasecrcorcemeccseeeeeleeeees 1.0 5. Limestone, silty, cobbly, weathers brown and contains abundant Antillocaprina sp., ra- diolitid|mudists;/and!corals). as-is <1 sisi) 0.3 4. Limestone, shaly, weathering brownish, con- taining abundant small, low, but rapidly spreading form of radiolitid rudists (locality 20; USGS Mesozoic locality 30365)........ 0.1 3. Limestone, cobbly, shaly; shale contains di- verse small mollusk assemblage, corals, da- sycladacean alga, and encrusting Bryozoa; cobbles consist of Antillocaprina sp., Pla- gioptychus sp., and other small rudists (lo- cality 21; USGS Mesozoic _ locality SUB.) ein mdat ansdcadscdddcpnatodopanidasadeadapoc 0.3 . Limestone, gray, composed mainly of a bio- tN stromal accumulation of recumbent Antil- LOCADTINGING SD erancerte te stecrocecce re stisistrcrcets 1.0 Table 3.—Continued. Thickness (meters) 1. Limestone, gray, weathers brown, massively bedded to cobbly, discontinuous exposures, fossil- iferous: contains Chiapasella radiolitiformis (Trech- mann), 1924, and Barrettia sp. near base; Antillo- caprina sp. and Distafenella sp. more common Ploto ney ceaminacacbndedacudccdcscsadcd gue bnocudesbedocecpacta 16.8 Total El Rayo Formation............0...000.--- 81.7 Locality 17.—Sabana Grande Formation. Erratic block of silicified Cotui Limestone incorporated in ba- sal breccia of the Sabana Grande Formation exposed along ridge crest, foot trail about 2.73 km northeast of El Brujo, Barrio Tuna, Municipio de San German (Text-fig. 13). Puerto Rico meter grid 26,300 N.; 82,025 E. USGS Mesozoic locality 30343 (collector: Peter Mattson, 1955). The assemblages of localities 16 and 17 lie strati- graphically below the first occurrence of Barrettia gi- gas, Suggesting an assignment to a middle to lower upper Campanian level. The presence of Trochactaeon (T.) woodsi (Rennie) suggests correlation with units 2— 6 of the section given for localities 8—12 of the Bar- ranquitas quadrangle. Locality 18,19,20,21 and 22.—El Rayo Formation. Quarry north of Parada de Senal Irizarry, about 275 m north of unpaved road that follows Antigua via del Ferrocarril and 1.5 km (airline) west-southwest of junction of Puerto Rico Routes 117 and 118 in Lajas Arriba, Barrio Lajas Arriba, Municipio de Lajas (Text- fig. 14). Puerto Rico meter grid 22,550 N.; 89,750 E. Locality 18, USGS Mesozoic locality 30368. Locality 19, USGS Mesozoic locality 30367. Locality 20, USGS Mesozoic locality 30365. Locality 21, USGS Mesozoic locality 30364. Locality 22, USGS Meso- zoic locality 30366. Collectors for localities 18—22: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1973. No fossils from lo- calities 19 and 22 are described in this report. Strati- graphic positions of localities 18—22 are indicated in Table 3. The assemblages present within the limestone of this section lie stratigraphically above those of both the Cotui Limestone at localities 16 and 17 and the over- lying beds containing Barrettia gigas (Sabana Grande Formation) that occur west of Lajas. The upper part of the sequence bears the rudist bi- valve Titanosarcolites, generally accepted to be re- stricted to Maastrichtian deposits. Equivalent Titano- sarcolites-bearing limestones are exposed in many out- crops north and east of this locality. The presence of Chiapasella in association with Barrettia in the lower CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL Dif 67°01'15* 18°02'30° i) 0.5 MILE ie) 0S KILOMETER Text-figure 14.—Collection localities 18—22, Municipio de Lajas, Puerto Rico. Base from U.S. Geological Survey San German 7.5- minute quadrangle, scale 1:20,000, 1966. part of this section presents an anomaly. In Jamaica, Cuba, and Mexico, Chiapasella seems to occur only at Titanosarcolites-bearing levels, all higher than those with Barrettia. However, in Jamaica, beds with Bar- rettia are usually separated from those with Titano- sarcolites by a thick interval of volcaniclastic material lacking fossils. In Cuba and Mexico, rudist taxa are reported from numerous localities, but the stratigraphic relations between localities are less precisely known. Thus, the section given above may record a fossilif- erous stratigraphic interval not seen elsewhere in the Caribbean province. Jamaica Trochacean gastropods are widely distributed in the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the western inliers of Jamaica. Their distribution is indicated by the locality numbers plotted on the map presented as Text-figure 2. A general overview of the geology of these deposits is presented in the explanation of the provisional geo- logic map of Jamaica prepared by Zans et al. (1962). Coates (1977, fig. 5) provided a depositional model that links the sections of the various isolated inliers of western Jamaica. A modified form of that model is presented in Text-figure 15. This figure shows the in- crease in rudist framework limestones and interbedded lagoonal shales in sections westward from areas like the Central inlier that lie closer to volcanic debris dis- persal centers. St. Anns Great River Inlier Upper Cretaceous rocks are exposed in a small inlier mainly along St. Anns Great River, south of St. Anns Bay (Text-figs. 2, 6, and 16). These are the only Cre- taceous rocks exposed in St. Ann Parish and have spe- cial importance both because of their isolated position and because the section contains the oldest fossilifer- ous Upper Cretaceous (lower Coniacian) rocks in Ja- maica west of the Wagwater Belt (Text-fig. 2). Sawk- ins (1869, p. 199) first noted the occurrence of these CENTRAL LUCEA SUNDERLAND- JERUSALEM MOUNTAIN MARCHMONT MALDON —— - —Masemure = = Fomatin vetting = — Oo 2 “Jerusalem Island Formation ae Piper | Rock Form Moreland (=) —.—— -—Limestone 2 Formation —Summerhill —— . =UsShalei= a Kensington — Limestone Gass a Stapleton Limestone ._> Ts Hane SS Gon ae ona = SS (undivided) _ . Limestone — - —— - ——- —- ~ Peters Hill Formation . Sion Conglomerate . Text-figure 15.—Diagrammatic reconstruction of relations among the Upper Cretaceous deposits of central and western Jamaica. The dominantly volcaniclastic sands, shales, conglomerate, and breccia sequences of the Central inlier are shown to grade westward into shelfal shales and carbonate platform, rudist-rich limestones, sands, and shale. Modified from Coates (1977). 28 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION (-) Cretaceous deposits (—] Tertiary deposits Windsor F1 Ford number ~~~ Fault zone | y - F7 wo 23-26 ©) Conglomerate Barrettia bearing Cascade | 18°23' J) Limestone a © 27-29 Lime Hall \ St. Anns Great River__~ Formation New Ground 0 0.5 MILE 0 0.5 KILOMETER Text-figure 16.—Collection localities 23—29, St. Anns Great River inlier, St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. Base after Greiner (1965). St. Anns Great River flows northward. Discontinuous exposures along the river of the Windsor Shale, Cascade Conglomerate, and St. Anns Great River Formation (including its basal unit, the Barrettia-bear- ing limestone) are labeled on the map and described in the text; Text-figure 6 shows the correlation of these units with other Creta- ceous rocks in Jamaica. rocks and referred them to the upper conglomerates of the Trappean Series. Subsequently, the basic strati- graphic sequence was outlined by Trechmann (1924, 1927) and Chubb (1955, 1956, 1958, 1959, 1962). The geographic tie points for the locality descriptions are shown on Text-figure 16 and consist of the two bridges over the river and seven fords; a major waterfall is below the southern bridge. Because no detailed maps are available for St. Ann Parish, latitude and longitude are not given for localities 23—29. The lowest unit exposed in the inlier is the Windsor Shale (Chubb, 1962), presumably named for the Wind- sor Spring and Hotel at the northern end of the valley. The base of the unit is concealed by alluvium, but it is assumed to pass below the Tertiary White Limestone that crops out between river fords 6 and 7. The dis- continuous exposures of the lower part of the Windsor Shale between ford 6 and the fault zone downstream of ford 3 consist dominantly of massive sandstone and conglomerate. The medial part is mainly dark-gray shale interbedded with thin beds of siltstone that grade upward into a sequence of grayish-brown silty shales that are carbonaceous in places. At the downstream end of the exposures immediately below ford 3, the shale is much sheared, and bedding is distorted. Lo- cally, bedding becomes nearly vertical. This zone of deformation was considered by Chubb (1958) to be a major fault zone that brought Ceno-manian or Conia- cian beds on the south into contact with Campanian beds of the Windsor Shale on the north (Chubb, 1962). Subsequently, Sohl (1976) reported the discovery of early Coniacian ammonites and inoceramid bivalves in a shale unit within the lower part of the Windsor Shale at a river bend below a house about 100 m upstream of ford 4 (Text-fig. 16). Esker (1969) reported late Coniacian foraminifers from shales immediately south of the fault, but Pessagno (1976) reinterpreted this find as early Santonian. This normal succession of dates from early Coniacian to late Coniacian across the fault zone indicates that the displacement of beds on the fault is not great. South of the fault are exposures of the unit that pre- viously was called the “‘Inoceramus shale”’ but that is included in the upper part of the Windsor Shale (see Jiang and Robinson, 1987). The “‘Inoceramus shale” consists of about 525 m of interbedded shale, siltstone, and conglomerate that are repetitive or cyclic in nature. Bedding thickness is highly variable, and the unit ranges from thin bedded to massive. The conglomer- ates range from pebbly shales to cobble beds. Volcanic rocks dominate the cobble fractions, but limestone pebbles and abraded fossil clasts occur mainly in the middle and upper part of the unit. Microfossils are scattered throughout the unit, but macrofossils, includ- ing some of the trochaceans described herein (locali- ties 23-26), are most common in the shales of the upper one-half of the unit. Trechmann (1927) provided the first age assignment of these shales. On the basis of float specimens of Jnoceramus, he placed the unit in the middle Senonian. Subsequently, Chubb (1955, 1956, 1962) provided shifting age assessments ranging from Cenomanian to the Turonian and Coniacian based upon inoceramid, ammonite, and foraminifer data and settled on a Turonian through Coniacian as- signment in 1971. Esker (1969) presented foraminifer data suggesting an age range of late Coniacian at the base to early Campanian at the top for the shales north of the fault zone. Kauffman (1976), Sohl (1976), and Pessagno (1976) provided reassessments of the ino- CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 29 ceramid, ammonite, and foraminifer data indicating that no Coniacian was present south of the fault zone and that most of the unit formerly called “‘Inoceramus shale’’ was Santonian ranging up into the Campanian. The Cascade Conglomerate (Chubb, 1959) overlies the Windsor Shale. It is a massive volcanic conglom- erate about 180 m thick whose resistant character forms a major waterfall and series of rapids in the stream below and downstream of an old bridge. The cobble- to boulder-size clasts are generally well round- ed, but some zones approach a breccia. No fossils have been collected in the Cascade Conglomerate, and the upper contact with the overlying ‘‘Barrettia limestone” is obscured by a covered interval of about a meter. The ‘‘Barrettia limestone” crops out in the stream- bed and in the roadbed leading to the bridge above the Cascade Conglomerate (Text-fig. 16) and is included as the basal unit of the St. Anns Great River Formation of Jiang and Robinson (1987). It consists of a lower 1-m-thick unit of poorly exposed, shaly, cobbly, bio- clastic limestone that is overlain by 2 to 2.5 m of cob- bly to massively bedded limestone. Finger corals are common in the lower part of the unit, but rudist bi- valves, including rare specimens of Barrettia gigas, dominate in the upper part. Zans et al. (1962) reported that Bolli found Campanian foraminifers in shales about 15 m above the limestone, and Esker (1969) found similar foraminifers below it in the upper part of the “‘Inoceramus shale.”” Jiang and Robinson (1987) reported middle Campanian nannofossils from the “‘Barrettia limestone” interval of the St. Anns Great River Formation. Trechmann (1924) recognized a fossiliferous shale unit overlying the Barrettia-bearing limestone. This shale was designated the “Diozoptyxis shale” by Chubb (1955, p. 187), who named it for “‘its most characteristic fossil Diozoptyxis (Glauconia) matleyi (Trechmann).’’ The name is unfortunate because the fossil is insufficiently preserved to merit assignment to either of the taxonomically unrelated genera. This unit is included as the upper part of the St. Anns Great River Formation (Chubb, 1955). The shale is well ex- posed in the river bed and consists of 25 to 30 m of gray shale that becomes more silty and sandy and less fossiliferous upward. The basal contact is gradational with the cobbly limestone below through an interval of calcarenitic shale. The upper contact is obscured by stream deposits. The deposits above the St. Anns Great River For- mation and below outcrops of the Yellow Limestone (early Tertiary) have been assigned to the New Ground Conglomerate (Chubb, 1962), a unit of possible post- Cretaceous age. The lowest unit exposed above the covered interval consists of a coarse-grained, grayish, crossbedded sandstone containing minor conglomer- atic stringers. Upward the sandstone grades into about 100 m of coarse volcanic conglomerate, consisting of subangular to subrounded cobbles, that is capped by 1.5 m of brown, pebbly sandstone containing a few poorly preserved ostreid bivalves. The remainder of the unit consists of over 100 m of alternating thick units of massively bedded volcanic conglomerates, thinner gritty sandstones, siltstones, and a few carbo- naceous mudstones. From near the top of the New Ground Conglomer- ate, Esker (1969) reported a lower to middle Eocene planktonic foraminifer assemblage. The presence of these foraminifers, in addition to the report by Zans (in Chubb, 1959, p. 151; see also Greiner, 1965) of a fault about 0.4 km upstream of the Barrettia-bearing limestone (Text-fig. 16), suggests the possibility that the whole section above the St. Anns Great River For- mation is post-Cretaceous. Locality 23 and 24.—Windsor Shale. Exposures in low banks aiong west side of St. Anns Great River upstream from ford 1, both upstream (locality 24) and downstream (locality 23) of a point where a small trib- utary (not shown in Text-fig. 16) enters from the east, St. Ann Parish. Locality 23, USGS Mesozoic locality 29956 (collectors: N.E Sohl, A.G. Coates, E.G. Kauff- man, and J.E. Hazel, 1966). Locality 24, USGS Me- sozoic locality 30064 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1971). Collections were made from the upper part of the Windsor Shale in fossiliferous, dark-gray, sandy shale containing stringers of pebbles that are interbedded with well-indurated, unfossiliferous siltstones. This level is at the base of the so-called ‘“‘Inoceramus shale” and lies about 300 m above the fault zone. Fossils occur as scattered individuals. Inoceramid bivalves and turritellid gastropods are the most common mollusks, but a few trochacean, neritid, aporrhaid, and other gas- tropods also occur, along with a few nuculid, ostreid, and other bivalves and rare corals. Locality 25.—Windsor Shale. Exposures in the bed and banks of St. Anns Great River about 100 m up- stream of localities 23 and 24 and 30 m stratigraphi- cally higher (330 m above the base of the “Inoceramus shale’), St. Ann Parish. USGS Mesozoic locality 30065 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1971). This collection was made from a silty mudstone containing inoceramid bivalves and common speci- mens of large cerithiacean gastropods. Locality 26.—Windsor Shale. Locality same as for 25, but 7 m higher in the section, 337 m above the base of the ‘‘Inoceramus shale,’ St. Ann Parish. USGS Mesozoic locality 30066 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1971). 30 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 This collection was made from a thin zone of con- centrated fossils containing a diverse assemblage of cerithiacean and other small mollusks. Locality 27.—St. Anns Great River Formation. Ex- posures in the banks of St. Anns Great River, about 50 m upstream of the small bridge that crosses the river between the outcrops of the Cascade Conglom- erate and the ‘‘Barrettia limestone,’ which is the basal unit of the St. Anns Great River Formation, St. Ann Parish. USGS Mesozoic locality 30502 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1972). This collection was made from dark-gray shale, within the upper part of the St. Anns Great River For- mation (“‘Diozoptyxis shale”’) and about 7 m above the “‘Barrettia limestone.” The shale contains a diverse assemblage of small mollusks and common corals. Locality 28.—St. Anns Great River Formation. Lo- cality same as for 27, but from a calcarenitic shale within the upper part of the St. Anns Great River For- mation (“‘Diozoptyxis shale’), about 3 to 4 m above the “‘Barrettia limestone,” St. Ann Parish. USGS Me- sozoic locality 30501 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1972). Locality 29.—St. Anns Great River Formation. Lo- cality immediately upstream of locality 27 just below the point of entry of a tributary from the east, St. Ann Parish. USGS Mesozoic locality 29959 (collectors: N.E Sohl, E.G. Kauffman, A.G. Coates, and J.E. Ha- zel, 1966). This collection was made from dark-gray shale of the St. Anns Great River Formation, in the lower part of the ““Diozoptyxis shale”’ about 10 m above the base of the unit. Central Inlier The Central inlier (Text-fig. 2) occupies much of the area of Clarendon Parish and extends a short way east into the Parish of St. Catherine and west into Man- chester Parish. Cretaceous rocks are exposed as the result of stripping of the Tertiary strata from the crest of a west-northwest-trending anticline (Robinson et al., 1970). Although Santonian to lower Campanian fossilifer- ous marine deposits (Peters Hill Formation) are known in the Central inlier, only younger Cretaceous lime- stones and shales of the upper part of the Slippery Rock Formation and the Guinea Corn Formation have yielded trochacean gastropods. The bed and bluffs of the Rio Minho west of Frankfield, in Clarendon Parish, provide virtually continuous exposures and, in the composite, a complete section through the Guinea Corn Formation (localities 31—42, Text-fig. 17). The section is dominated by alternating units of shale and limestone, and limestone becomes more massive and To Brownstown Grantham 31-38 0 1 2 3 MILES i) 1 2 3 4 KILOMETERS Text-figure 17.—Collection localities 30—43, Central inlier, Clar- endon Parish, Jamaica. Base from Chapleton, Jamaica, sheet (Great Britain Directorate of Overseas Surveys). abundant in the upper one-third of the section. Rudist bivalves are the dominant elements in the limestone units, whereas nonrudist mollusks and corals are abun- dant in the shale units. The alternation of lithologies and faunas of parts of this section has been discussed by Kauffman and Sohl (1974, pp. 449—453, and fig. 22). Localities 31 to 38 are in the lower to middle part of the Guinea Corn Formation, and localities 39 to 42 are in the upper part of the formation. Locality 30.—Slippery Rock Formation. Bluffs along Slippery Rock River, upstream about 100—150 m from bridge of the Frankfield-to-Smithfield road and 2.57 km (airline) south of the church at Nine Turns, Clarendon Parish. Locality 30 is at lat 18° 06°40” N., long 77° 22°56” W. USGS Mesozoic locality 30032 (collectors: A.G. Coates, N.E Sohl, and W.O. Ross, 1971). This collection comes from the upper part of the Slippery Rock Formation (Robinson and others, 1970), in the part that is transitional to the overlying Guinea Corn Formation. The fossils occur in a gray, fine-grained sandstone that underlies a brown, lami- nated siltstone and consist of a molluscan assemblage including Actaeonella duckettsensis Sohl and Koll- mann, 1985, trochacean and cerithiacean gastropods and Brachidontes sp., cardiids, and other pelecypods. Chocolate-brown shales, sandy shale, and conglomer- atic beds occur below the fossiliferous interval. About 20 m higher in the section, massive limestones that contain abundant rudist bivalves, including Titanosar- colites sp., become prominent. These massive lime- stones belong to the Guinea Corn Formation. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 31 Locality 31.—Guinea Corn Formation. Exposures of the Guinea Corn Formation in bed and bluffs along the course of the Rio Minho, from immediately up- stream of the mouth of White Rock River (Rodons River in some usage) to several hundred meters down- stream, about 2.25 km (airline) northwest of the bridge at Frankfield, Clarendon Parish. Locality 31 is at lat 18° 09°25” N., long 77°23’22” W. USGS Mesozoic locality 30042 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, 1971). This collection comes from a 1.2-m-thick shale about 13 m above the base of the formation in the lower part of the formation. This shale contains an abundance of solitary corals and both trochacean and cerithiacean gastropods. Both overlying and underly- ing units are limestones that contain abundant radiol- itid rudist bivalves. Locality 32.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location same as for locality 31, but from a 0.3-m-thick bed of gray shale about 11 m above the base of the formation in the lower part of the formation. USGS Mesozoic locality 30043 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, 1971). Locality 33.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location same as for locality 31, but from a 0.6-m-thick unit of blue-gray, silty mudstone 34.5 m above the base of the formation in the lower part of the formation. USGS Mesozoic locality 29972 (collectors: N.E Sohl, E.G. Kauffman, A.G. Coates, and J.E. Hazel, 1966). Locality 34.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location same as for locality 31, but from a 0.5-m-thick bed of dark, blue-gray shale with carbonaceous streaks 1m- mediately overlying the silty mudstone of locality 33. USGS Mesozoic locality 29973 (collectors: N.E Sohl, E.G. Kauffman, A.G. Coates, and J.E. Hazel, 1966). The collection from locality 34 contains a diverse assemblage of about 30 species of mollusks dominated by abundant Trochactaeon (Mexicotrochactaeon) granthamensis Sohl and Kollmann, 1985, Actaeonella duckettsensis Sohl and Kollmann, 1985, and unde- scribed turritellid gastropods. Locality 35.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location same as for locality 31, but from a 4.5-m-thick dark, blue-gray shale with lignitic streaks, 48.5 m above the base of the formation in the lower to middle part of the formation. USGS Mesozoic locality 29978 (collec- tors: N.E Sohl, E.G. Kauffman, A.G. Coates, and J.E. Hazel, 1966). This collection is especially noteworthy for the di- versity of both gastropods and pelecypods represented. As in most of the shale units in the Guinea Corn For- mation, rudist bivalves, except for clusters of the small shells of Distafenella, are rare or absent in the shale at locality 35. The following list provides a view of the spectrum of this diversity; infaunal forms are abun- dant. Such diversity in the shales is in stark contrast with the paucispecific or low diversity found in the rudist-dominated assemblages of the interbedded lime- stones (Kauffman and Sohl, 1974, fig. 22). Gastropoda: Metriomphalus sp. Planolateralus sp. Denticulabrum n. sp. Tectus n. sp. Camitia (Micatia) plicata Sohl, n. sp. Rissoidae undet. Pyrazus sp. Pseudomalaxis sp. Turritella spp. Globularia sp. Harpagodes n. sp. Strombidae n. gen. Xenophora sp. Calyptraea sp. Fusinid undet. Volute undet. Nerinella sp. Actaeon sp. Trochactaeon (Mexicotrochactaeon) granthamensis Sohl and Kollmann, 1985 T. (M.) burckhardti (Bose) Actaeonella duckettsensis Sohl and Kollmann, 1985 Actaeonella marchmontensis Sohl and Kollmann, 1985 Ringicula (Ringicula) sp. Pelecypoda: Brachidontes sp. Gervillia sp. Lima sp. Syncyclonema sp. Neithea sp. Lopha sp. Ostrea sp. Astarte sp. Crassatella sp. Lucina sp. Parvilucina sp. Tellina sp. Protodonax sp. Unicardium sp. Glossocardia sp. Aphrodina sp. Legumen sp. Solen? sp. Anatimya sp. Teredinid 32 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Panopea sp. Pholadomya sp. Distafenella sp. Locality 36.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location same as for locality 31, but from a 0.6-m-thick bed of dark, blue-gray shale containing limestone cobbles and common multicolumn asterid corals, about 53 m above the base of the formation in the middle part of the formation. USGS Mesozoic locality 30045 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, 1971). Locality 37.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location same as for locality 31, but from a 2.5-m-thick unit of silty, cobbly limestone containing common Thyrasty- lon, a few other rudist bivalves, and gastropods, about 54 m above the base of the formation in the middle part of the formation. USGS Mesozoic locality 30046 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, NOFA): Locality 38.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location same as for locality 31, but from discontinuously ex- posed, fossiliferous, brownish shale containing a few limestone cobbles about 67 m above base of formation in the middle part of the formation. USGS Mesozoic locality 29981 (collectors: N.E Sohl, E.G. Kauffman, A.G. Coates, and J.E. Hazel, 1966). Locality 39.—Guinea Corn Formation. Exposures in the bed and banks of the Rio Minho about 2 km N.30° W. of Frankfield Post Office, Clarendon Parish, in the upper part of the formation. Locality 39 is at lat 18° 09°19” N., long 77° 23°28” W. USGS Mesozoic lo- cality 30058 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1971). This collection is from a 0.6-m-thick bed of gray shale containing button corals and a moderate diversity of mollusks dominated by turritellids. The sample comes from about 75 m above the base of the for- mation and 82.6 m below the Summerfield Formation in the upper part of the Guinea Corn Formation. Locality 40.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location same as for locality 39, but from a 0.9-m-thick gray, shaly, cobbly limestone bed containing actinacid corals and hipponicid gastropods, about 76.2 m above the base of the formation and 81.4 m below the Summer- field Formation in the upper part of the Guinea Corn Formation. USGS Mesozoic locality 30056 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1971). Locality 41.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location slightly east of locality 39 at bend in river and from a 2.4-m-thick, blue-gray shale about 76 m above the base of the formation and in the upper part of the formation. USGS Mesozoic locality 30061 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1971). Locality 42.—Guinea Corn Formation. Location same as for locality 41, but from a 2.4-m-thick, brown- ish hackly shale about 70.7 m above the base of the formation and in the upper part of the formation. USGS Mesozoic locality 30063 (collectors: N.E Sohl and W.O. Ross, 1971). Locality 43.—Guinea Corn Formation. Exposures in cuts of the Spaldings-to-Frankfield road near the 10.5 milepost about 2.09 km (airline) west-northwest of Grantham, Clarendon Parish (Text-fig. 17). Locality 43 is at lat 18° 09°35” N., long 77° 24°38” W. USGS Mesozoic locality 30040 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, 1971). The roadcuts in the vicinity of locality 43 have been referred to as the Logie Green section in the literature. The light-gray, calcareous, nodular shales at this lo- cation contain an abundant assemblage of corals and mollusks and only rare specimens of rudist bivalves. The collection comes from the upper part of the for- mation. Associated beds commonly contain specimens of Titanosarcolites, indicating the equivalency of the Guinea Corn Formation to the Titanosarcolites-bear- ing limestones of the Maldon, Marchmont, and Jeru- salem Mountain inliers to the west. Sunderland Inlier The Sunderland inlier lies a few kilometers south- east of Montego Bay (Text-fig. 2) in St. James Parish. Chubb (in Zans et al., 1962) estimated that at least 2,300 m of Cretaceous deposits is exposed along a north-to-south traverse across this inlier. The basal unit, the Johns Hall Conglomerate, is a dominantly volcaniclastic unit containing minor interbeds and pods of shale of undetermined thickness. The overly- ing Sunderland Shale is mainly a silty shale containing a few beds of muddy sand. Inoceramid bivalves are the most prominent macrofossil in the unit. The suc- ceeding Newman Hall Shale is a gray to olive-green mudstone containing occasional siltstone beds and concretions. Inoceramids occur at irregular intervals along with a few other bivalves; near the top of the unit, gastropods occur. Chubb (in Zans et al., 1962) estimated the two shale formations to aggregate 1,370 m in thickness. This may be an excessive approximation because I have noted several reversals in dip within these shales while traversing the outcrops along the Orange River (Text- fig. 18). The shale sequence is capped by a 7-m-thick unit of rudist-bearing limestone, cobbly limestone, and conglomeratic shale called the Stapleton Formation. The overlying Shepherds Hall Formation is a se- quence of varicolored volcanic conglomerates, mud- stones, and sandstones about 800 m thick. Above these conglomerates, on the valley slopes north of Kensing- ton, limestone float of a radiolitid limestone and free CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 33 mul eae Sunderlan ff SESE! 0 0.1 0.2 MILE aa’| nee, rele = 0 01 0.2 KILOMETER a Text-figure 18.—Collection locality 44, Sunderland inlier, St. James Parish, Jamaica. Base from land survey sheets 42A and 42C, Survey Department of Jamaica. specimens of Titanosarcolites are found (Kensington Limestone). The ages assigned to the various units in the Sun- derland inlier have varied among workers on different groups of organisms. Chubb (1958) cited early Cam- panian planktonic foraminifers from the Johns Hall Conglomerate and the Sunderland Shale and late Cam- panian species from the Newman Hall Shale. On the basis of other foraminifer collections, Dommelen (1971) and Krijnen (1972) assigned the Sunderland to the late Campanian and early Maastrichtian and the Newman Hall to the Maastrichtian. Jiang and Robin- son (1987) reported early Campanian nannofossils from the Sunderland and middle Campanian nanno- fossils from the Newman Hall. Macrofossil ages differ to a minor degree. Kauffman (1966) found late Santonian to early Campanian ino- ceramids in the lower part of the Sunderland and found late Campanian inoceramids in the Newman Hall. Sohl (1968) noted Campanian mollusks from the Johns Hall. Obviously, these differences need to be resolved by further work. In the Sunderland inlier, trochacean gastropods have been found only in the Stapleton Formation. Table 4.—Section of part of the Stapleton Formation at locality 44. [Section initiated a meter or two above the Barrettia-bearing limestone exposed at the bridge at Stapleton (Text-fig. 18).] Thickness (meters) Stapleton Formation: d-wsShale | DLOWnISD-26aynneecoecacoeieetacte ees: 2-5) 6. Limestone, cobbly, containing worn clasts of RUGISHIDIVALVES Pees eeee etre re eseere cece 0.6 Se Shaleysray silty smceaccisecastaaescoe see teice 0.3 4. Limestone, light-gray, massive, containing rare Barretiiaineatmtop enero eee 3.0 3. Shale, brownish-gray, silty ....................... 1.2 2. Limestone rubble with shaly matrix, mollusks abundant (locality 44; USGS Mesozoic lo- calities 29939 and 30014); Antillocaprina lowenstami Chubb, 1971, Antillosarcolites macgillavryi Chubb, 1971, Plagioptychus sp., Torreyites sanchezi (Douvillé), 1927, Plicatula sp., Spondylus sp., Lima sp., Syn- cyclonema sp., Neithea sp., Metriomphalus sp., Chilodonta sp., Stegnostomella sp., Ac- taeonella coquiensis Sohl and Kollmann, Heh Mp SeaaanaccdoUadAcoecnmenocadacucsosasbon0es 0.4 1. Shale, brownish, and covered below to Barret- tia-bearingeWlimestonemeecpen- eee eee 4 Total Stapleton Formation teen). ce ise leet 9.4 Locality 44.—Stapleton Formation. Exposure in cuts of the track from Stapleton to Kensington on north- facing slope of Orange River valley, immediately south of bridge at Stapleton and 2.4 km (airline) south- southeast of Sunderland Bridge, St. James Parish (Text-fig. 18). Locality 44 is at lat 18° 22°47” N., long 77° 50°07” W. USGS Mesozoic localities 29939 (col- lectors: N.E Sohl, E.G. Kauffman, J.E. Hazel, and A.G. Coates, 1966) and 30014 (collectors: N.E Sohl, A.G. Coates, and W.O. Ross, 1971). The stratigraphic position of locality 44 is indicated in Table 4. The listed molluscan assemblage found in bed 2 of the section given above is duplicated in the limestones of the Green Island inlier to the west. Barrettia gigas, found in the underlying limestone, is also found in the limestones of the Green Island inlier and the St. Anns Great River section discussed above. These associa- tions strongly suggest equivalency of the “‘Barrettia limestone” of the three sequences. Although most recent workers have considered these limestones to be either upper Campanian or low- er Maastrichtian, Jiang and Robinson (1987) cited middle Campanian nannofossils as occurring in units both below and above the Stapleton Formation. Maldon Inlier A few kilometers south of the Sunderland inlier, still within St. James Parish, another area of Cretaceous 34 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 18°21" SE J VAUGHANSFIELD * 0 5 1 MILE 0 5 1 KILOMETER Text-figure 19.—Collection localities 45—47, Maldon inlier, St. James Parish, Jamaica. Coarse dots enclose area of Cretaceous rock exposures, and stippled pattern indicates areas of limestone outcrop. Base from land survey sheets 42C, and 43A, Survey Department of Jamaica. rocks is exposed. This area is called the Maldon inlier (Text-fig. 2). The Cretaceous of the Maldon inlier may be viewed as a stratigraphically higher continuation of the Sunderland inlier sequence, as all units of the Mal- don inlier lie within the range zone of Titanosarcolites. The outlines of the Cretaceous succession in the Mal- don inlier (Text-fig. 19), were provided by Chubb (1958), who estimated the section to be about 475 m thick. Chubb (1971) revised the formation nomencla- ture (Text-fig. 6). The section consists of a sequence of alternating shales and limestones with local units of conglomerate. The limestones bear an abundant rudist bivalve assem- blage, examples of which have been illustrated by Kauffman and Sohl (1974, figs. 15a, 15b, 18a, 19). The shales, at least locally, contain a varied molluscan assemblage (see list below for unit 3, locality 46). Some of the limestone units appear to grade laterally into shale, but the Maldon Limestone seems persistent across the inlier. Trochacean gastropods have been found at only two localities in the inlier, but this rarity reflects lack of collecting in the shale units more than true scarcity. Locality 45.—Summerhill Shale. Exposures in road- cut of the road from Point to Flamstead, 1.93 km (air- line) north of the crossroads at Flamstead, St. James Parish (Text-fig. 19). Locality 45 is at lat 18° 20°25” N., long 77° 49°24” W. USGS Mesozoic locality 30023 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, 1971). The stratigraphic position of locality 45 is indicated in Table 5. Table 5.—Section of the upper part of the Summerhill Shale and lowermost Maldon Limestone exposed at locality 45. Thickness (meters) Maldon Limestone: 6. Limestone, gray, marly, well-bedded, and con- taining abundant radiolitid rudist bivalves.. 2.0 Total Madontlimestone a. meer. casement 2.0 Summerhill Shale: Bis, (Go i2(0 nan suondanouesuconcnos coups sdeDousacapoonoogs 3.0 4. Shale; red-brown; blocky %.<2.0s..ceeeceeseciee ne 1.0 3. Shale, yellowish-tan, silty, containing abundant mollusks (locality 45; USGS Mesozoic lo- Cality23 0023) ea cecrecpeceem asters 0.3 2. Shale, mottled red to yellowish brown, blocky, Silty cijccapccieee vatses esa eat sa saci eae eeteates store 1.2 1. Shale, red-brown, blocky, silty, containing abundant mollusks and large foraminifers near toplotantenvaleeseeeresessertieestetesiietls ee) TotalsSummerhill’Shaleeeasccecesa smear 7.0 Locality 46 and 47.—Shaw Castle Shale. Exposures in roadcuts and adjacent fields near Chatsworth School at Shaw Castle Land Office, 1.45 km (airline) N. 33° E. of Maroon Town, St. James Parish (Text-fig. 19). Localities 46 and 47 are at lat 18° 21°25” N., long 77° 4717” W. Locality 46, USGS Mesozoic localities 29955 (collectors: N.E Sohl, E.G. Kauffman, A.G. Coates, and J.E. Hazel, 1966) and 30017 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, 1971). Local- ity 47, USGS Mesozoic locality 30018 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, 1971). Stratigraph- ic positions of localities 46 and 47 are indicated in Table 6. Unit 3 of the section in Table 6 contains especially abundant and diverse gastropods, mainly undescribed, but includes the following: Diodora hazeli Sohl, 1992 Metriomphalus sp. Arene truncatosphaera Nn. sp. Chilodonta sp. Denticulabrum laevigatum n. sp. Nerita sp. Turritella spp. Procerithidae undet. Pyrazus sp. cf. Tympanotonus sp. Potamididae undet. Cerithiella sp. Cerithiopsis sp. cf. Libycerithium sp. Cerithiidae spp. Mirarissoina sp. Avelana? sp. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 35) Calyptraea sp. Aporrhaid undet. Strombid undet. Globularia sp. cf. Cymatium sp. Bellifusus sp. Fasciolarid undet. Volutid undet. Epitoniid undet. Mathildid undet. Nerinella sp. Actaeonella coquiensis Sohl and Kollmann, 1985 Actaeonella marchmontensis Sohl and Kollmann, 1985 Ringicula sp. Cylichna sp. In addition to the gastropods, the shale of unit 3 contains pelecypods, scaphopods, chitons, corals, echi- noid debris, serpulids, crab parts, large foraminifers, and dasycladacean alga. The corals bear a strong re- semblance to those from the El Rayo Formation of Puerto Rico (locality 14) according to A.G. Coates (oral commun., 1971). Marchmont Inlier The Marchmont inlier of Cretaceous rocks (Text-fig. 20) is in Westmoreland Parish. Relatively little infor- mation has been published upon the character of the Cretaceous section or the nature of the fauna present in the Marchmont inlier. Trechmann (1927) comment- ed upon the presence of a rudist limestone and a sec- tion of underlying shale exposed in cuts of the railway from Cambridge to Catadupa in the northern part of the inlier. Chubb (1955 and in Zans et al., 1962) gave short summaries of the geology indicating that several limestones were present and that they all yielded a fauna including Titanosarcolites that he correlated with the succession of the Maldon inlier. Jiang and Robinson (1987) reported middle to late Campanian nannofossils from 24 samples from unspecified inter- vals within the inlier. In their discussions of the evolution of Antillean rudist framework structures, Kauffman and Sohl (1974, figs. 17, 20, 22, 23) presented several strati- graphic sections and other illustrations taken from ex- posures of the Cretaceous rocks of the Marchmont in- lier. Because a number of faults divide the inlier into a series of blocks, the succession in the inlier is unclear, and only detailed mapping will provide a clear picture. However, reconnaissance traverses do indicate that the section is composed of a number of limestones sepa- rated by fine-grained clastic deposits. For example, in Table 6.—Section of Shaw Castle Shale measured along roadcut and upward on adjacent hill slope at localities 46 and 47. Thickness (meters) Popkin Volcanic Conglomerate(?): 9. Shale, reddish, much weathered ................. 12.0 Total Popkin Volcanic Conglomerate ........... 12.0 Shaw Castle Shale: 8. Limestone, gray, massive, and ledge-forming, discontinuously exposed; mainly fine grained to bioclastic, but some beds in mid- dle and near top rich in Titanosarcolites, coral Mandiradiolitesse.seeecenee eee 12.8 7. Shale, brown, marly to rubbly, containing abundant Plagioptychus sp., branching cor- als, and stromatoporoids ....................- 0.4 6. Limestone, light-gray, massive to rubbly, ledge-forming, containing abundant radioli- fidipelecy pods irr scrrasa-meeeecisceie see sincere 1.4 5. Shale, brown with reddish streaks, silty and marly, fossiliferous; Titanosarcolites es- pecially abundant near middle, Plagiopty- chus sp. common, along with other pelecy- pods and some gastropods and corals....... 0.8 4. Limestone, gray, marly and silty, containing abundant radiolitid rudists .................... 0.4 . Shale, brown, marly to rubbly, with abundant Titanosarcolites and Plagioptychus in lower part, but gastropods and solitary and colo- nial corals abundant throughout (locality 46; USGS Mesozoic localities 29955 and SIU, QUT) op gacagocbaopudoodeuoadaaqsoonpacncocaCas 11 2. Mainly covered, probably shale, with abundant mollusks and corals weathering out on the surface (locality 47; USGS Mesozoic local- ity 30018 from upper part of interval....... 14.4 1. Limestone, gray, massive and ledge-forming, Ww containing many radiolitid rudist framework letstol3 Can bonncdoascanbenondosoaaasoonsoagecen ood otal hawiGastle; Shale eepecsssessescreire erst Nn WwW Ww a iv the St. Leonards to Seaford Town area, at least four limestone deposits may be delineated, and the same holds true in the Marchmont vicinity. Whether these limestones are continuous or grade laterally into fine- grained clastic facies needs to be determined. Carbo- naceous adjuncts are common to these fine-grained clastic layers along with some thin sand partings or lentils. The limestones range from massive, gray, fine- grained limestone to bioclastic and rudist framework beds. Biradiolites spp. are common rudist framework builders, but locally Thyrastylon or Chiapasella may be the main constructional element. Titanosarcolites or Antillocaprina are major constituents in the more rub- bly limestones. The fauna within the fine-grained clastic deposits is more variabie. In the western part of the inlier, in the area between Ducketts Crossroads and Lambs River 36 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 77°56! 77°54! 77°52! 18°19' 5 Ss O Cambridge ope eiale/s Jubilee e > ee e e@ e le \ 5 (RR 48 e ) e yy s e R Greenwich 2 * Ducketts s Crossroads 2 > > 18°17 }— = e ee. zs eo e@ e e e Rat Trap O Marchmont 57, 58 Lambs River 18°15) | | e 3 e Dundee 0° Sars Sik e e e e e © l e | e ) 05 1 2 MILES 2 KILOMETERS Text-figure 20.—Collection localities 48—65, Marchmont inlier, Westmoreland Parish and St. James Parish, Jamaica; the Great River is the boundary between the two parishes. Coarse dots enclose area of Cretaceous rock exposures; shaded dots indicate where the boundary is uncertain. Base from land survey sheets 33B, 33D, and 43C, Survey Department of Jamaica. and thence to St. Leonards (Text-fig. 20), many of the reddish mudstones and shales contain distinctive, low- diversity, molluscan assemblages. Diminutive ostreids or venericardiid bivalves commonly dominate the as- sociations in individual beds. Locally, brackish-water or even terrestrial gastropods are intermixed with more fully marine mollusks, and, in places, charophytes are abundant. Elsewhere, to the east and north, brown, yellowish- brown, and gray shales occur interbedded with the limestones and contain a more diverse molluscan as- semblage that lacks intermixture of the marginal ma- CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 37 rine elements. The trochacean gastropods described here occur mainly in these shale interbeds. Locality 48.—*‘Titanosarcolites limestone.’’ Lime- stones exposed in St. James Parish in cuts of the rail- way from Cambridge to Catadupa, about 2.4 km (air- line) southeast of the railway station in Cambridge. Locality 48 is at lat 18° 18°03” N., long 77° 53°03” W. USGS Mesozoic locality 29904 (collectors: N.E Sohl, A.G. Coates, E.G. Kauffman, and J.E. Hazel, 1966). The gastropods occur in a cobbly limestone unit as- sociated with the rudist bivalve Titanosarcolites gi- ganteus. Locality 49.—*‘Titanosarcolites limestone.”” Expo- sures in Westmoreland Parish in cuts of the road from Cambridge to Lambs River at Ducketts Crossroads, 2.17 km (airline) south-southwest of the railway sta- tion in Cambridge. Locality 49 is at lat 18°17°43” N., long 77° 54°46” W. USGS Mesozoic locality 30026 (collectors: N.E Sohl, A.G. Coates, and W.O. Ross, IS 7/1)), Nearly 2.5 m of reddish-gray shales is exposed in a cut on the east side of the road at the crossroads. Thin zones of fossil hash and carbonaceous matter occur at several levels. Fossils occur both scattered and in thin zones. Pelecypods outnumber gastropods, but about 30 species of snails are present; Actaeonella and Turri- tella are the most abundant. Echinoids, worm tubes, bryozoans, and a few corals are also present. These shales underlie a sequence of rudist-rich limestone ex- posed on the hill slopes west of the road. Locality 50.—*‘Titanosarcolites limestone.”’ Expo- sures in fields south of road from Greenwich to Duck- etts Crossroads and about 300 m west of the intersec- tion on west side of hairpin bend in road, Westmore- land Parish. Locality 50 is at lat 18° 17°44” N., long T7T° 54’°52”” W. USGS Mesozoic locality 29914 (col- lectors: N.E Sohl, E.G. Kauffman, A.G. Coates, and J.E. Hazel, 1966). This collection is from limestones stratigraphically higher than the shales of locality 49. Locality 5].—*‘Titanosarcolites limestone.’ Expo- sures at hairpin bend in the road from Greenwich to Ducketts Crossroads, 0.32 km (airline) W. 20° N. of Ducketts Crossroads, Westmoreland Parish. Locality 51 is at lat 18° 17°46” N., long 77° 54°55" W. USGS Mesozoic localities 29925 (collectors: N.E Sohl, E.G. Kauffman, A.G. Coates, and J.E. Hazel, 1966) and 30027 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, 1971). Table 7 shows the section measured at locality 51 lies at least 36 m stratigraphically above the shales of locality 49. Locality 52 through 55.—‘‘Titanosarcolites lime- stone.’’ Exposures in stream banks and bluffs along a Table 7.—Section of *Titanosarcolites limestone” at locality 51. Thickness (meters ) “Titanosarcolites limestone”: 3. Limestone, gray, rubbly to massively bedded; lower beds contain abundant Anrillocaprina and corals; upper beds contain abundant ra- diolitid rudists in growth position ........... 1.2 2. Marl, yellowish-tan, calcarenitic, containing abundant fossils; rudist bivalve clusters of Thyrastylon and Biradiolites occur scattered through unit along with a diverse assem- blage of other pelecypods and gastropods. Among the gastropods, Discotectus, Turri- tella, and Actaeonella are especially com- mon (locality 51; USGS Mesozoic localities 2992 sr.andes OO2Mie eer re cence cere eee 0.6 1. Limestone, gray, massive, fossiliferous; corals abundant near base, becoming a Biradiolites fLAMEW OLKS AD OVE sere sisincieieseesee eee ee eacre ailas generally east flowing tributary of the Great River be- ginning near bridge of the Lambs River road 1.2 km (airline) south of Ducketts Crossroads and extending upstream, from lat 18° 17°03” N., long 77° 54°36” W., to lat 18° 17°10” N., long 77° 54°43”? W., Westmore- land Parish. Locality 52, USGS Mesozoic localities 30030 (collectors: N.E Sohl, W.O. Ross, and A.G. Coates, 1971) and 30450 (collectors: N.E Sohl and E.G. Kauffman, 1971). Locality 53, USGS Mesozoic locality 30451 (collectors: N.E Sohl and E.G. Kauff- man, 1971). Locality 54, USGS Mesozoic locality 33371 (collector: A.G. Coates, 1963). Locality 55, USGS Mesozoic locality 33372 (collector: A.G. Coates, 1963). Stratigraphic positions of localities 52— 55 are indicated in the measured section in Table 8. Locality 56.—*‘Titanosarcolites limestone.’’ Expo- sures in cuts of the road from Seaford Town to St. Leonards, 0.3 km (airline) east-northeast of the road junction in Seaford Town, Westmoreland Parish. Lo- cality 56 is at lat 18° 14°53” N., long 77° 53°56” W. USGS Mesozoic locality 30461 (collectors: N.E Sohl and E.G. Kauffman, 1972). The collection comes from a 2.1-m-thick unit of yel- lowish-brown shale, containing an abundant molluscan and coral fauna. Thin (0.4-m-thick) beds of gray frag- mental limestone containing unoriented radiolitid bi- valves overlie and underlie the shale. Locality 57 and 58.—‘‘Titanosarcolites limestone.” Exposures of limestone and shale in cuts of the road from St. Leonards to Marchmont at south edge of Marchmont or 0.16 km (airline) south of the road in- tersection in Marchmont, Westmoreland Parish. Lo- calities 57 and 58 are at lat 18° 15°34” N., long 77° 38 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Table 8.—Composite section of ‘‘Titanosarcolites limestone” measured along tributary of the Great River (localities 52-55). Thickness (meters) “Titanosarcolites limestone”: 11. Limestone, gray, rubbly, with fragmental rud- ist bivalves and rare regular echinoids ...... Dal 10. Limestone, light-gray, containing abundant Titanosarcolites, Antillocaprina, and clus- ters of Biradiolites jamaicensis .............. 3.0 9. Partly covered, with a 0.2-m-thick bed of silty mudstone containing abundant small mol- lusks (locality 54; USGS Mesozoic locality 33371) in upper part and a 0.6-m-thick silty mudstone bed containing corals in lower JOY1ensdnedooocbacspbeadacoobApaandéusodonaToosoas odo 3.0 8. Limestone, gray, with a Biradiolites- and Thyrastylon-framework bed at top underlain by a framework bed consisting of Biradio- litessandt@hiapasellary.ssacceiaersciclcnsee eet 3.0 7. Mudstone, reddish-brown and gray, silty, dis- continuously exposed, containing Antillo- caprina, Thyrastylon, and multicolumn as- treid corals in upper part and Plicatula and other bivalves and gastropods below........ 3.6 6. Limestone, gray, cobbly, containing common TA TONG RTOS oanoocoaocboncseceeccouLcK0seenr 1.8 5. Mudstone, reddish-brown, containing carbo- MACE OUSPEZONES weer ten clei cettctaelelelslolercleetictelseisis 2.1 4. Shale, gray, calcareous, nodular, fossiliferous; abundant ostreid bivalves and other mol- lusks (locality 53; USGS Mesozoic locality 30451) 3. Mudstone, gray, unfossiliferous ................ 0.3 Shale, gray, calcareous, fossiliferous; abun- dant ostreid bivalves (locality 55; USGS Mesozoicilocalitys333i12)) 5 i 0.49 3.4 5.8 0.59 4.9 7.6 0.64 6.7 9.9 0.68 8.2 11.0 0.75 10.0 12.6 0.79 10.8 12.8 0.84 Nites} 1333) 0.85 ViN7/ 13.0 0.90 12.3 14.1 0.87 il PAs} 14.5 0.85 strength toward periphery; about five, nodose to sub- spinose, spiral cords cover rounded whorl surface be- tween periphery and umbilical margin. Umbilicus about one-quarter total shell diameter; walls bear no- dose spiral cords. Peripheral carination is lost on third teloconch whorl as translation vector of growth in- creases and whorl sides become well rounded. Body whorl bears 12 to 13, raised, spiral cords between su- ture and umbilical margin; adaperturally directed, hol- low, spinelike imbrications common on cord crests; faint secondary spiral threads may appear in spiral in- terspaces. Etymology.—Named for Wendell P. Woodring in recognition of his many contributions to the geology and molluscan paleontology of the Caribbean region. Measurements.—Measurements for specimens from locality 14 are given in Table 11. Discussion.—Metriomphalus woodringi 1s restricted to the type locality in the Maastrichtian limestones of the El Rayo Formation (locality 14) of southern Puerto Rico, where it is common. The measurements of specimens given above show well the change in growth pattern with increased size. The increase in the ratio of height to diameter reflects the accentuated rate of translation during later stages of growth. The character and sequential development of sculpture on the early whorls of M. woodringi are especially well shown on the specimens seen in figures 1, 2, 9, and 11 on Plate 4. As seen in figure 3 on Plate 4, the peripheral spines are adaperturally elevated. On immature shells, the terminal apertural margin is fluted by the intersection of the strong spiral cords (Pl. 4, fig. 10), but, on older shells (Pl. 4, figs. 14,16,17), the apertural lips are internally thickened to a smoothly rounded margin. The latest stages of growth are accompanied by a downturn of the body whorl near the aperture (PI. 4, fig. 15) and occasional development of a transverse, varixlike swelling behind the aperture margin. The operculum is retracted behind the aperture margin (PI. 4, figs. 13,14,17) to a depth at about the position of the external varixlike thick- ening. Both M. horridus and M. canabonensis (described below) are similar to M. woodringi in general shell characters, but horridus differs in sculpture, in its nar- rower umbilicus, and in its lack of a spinose periphery on the early whorls, whereas canabonensis possesses a medially carinate body whorl. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Sabana Grande quad- rangle, El] Rayo Formation at locality 14 (type locali- ty). Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468054; paratypes USNMNH 468055, 468056, 468057, 468058, 468059, 468060, 468061, 468062. Metriomphalus horridus Sohl, new species Plate 4, figures 7, 8; plate 5, figures 1—20 Diagnosis.—Metriomphalus with nonspinose cord at shoulder of early whorls and 8 to 10 strong spiral cords between suture and umbilical margin of body whorl. Description.—Shell as diagnosed for genus. Initial one and one-half whorl rounded, smooth, and slightly submerged to planar relative to later whorls. Pleural angle decreases with growth commensurate with al- lometric increase in translation rate during later growth stages. Second whorl becomes flat topped with a spiral liration developing at shoulder and a second spiral forming on the rounded whorl below; within the next one-half whorl, an additional spiral appears above the lower suture, and a fourth spiral soon appears on upper whorl face bordering sutural channel; finally, a fifth spiral is placed between suture and shoulder, and whorl profile becomes rounded. Penultimate whorl bears five strongly raised, spinose, spiral cords and a trace of a sixth cord faintly visible at lower suture; sixth spiral exposed near aperture as body whorl is downturned at final stage. Body whorl bears 8 to 10 spiral cords be- tween suture and umbilical margin. Umbilicus propor- tionally broad and open in early growth, but reduced to almost a chink at maturity. Aperture margin cren- ulated in harmony with intersection of spiral cords in early growth; margin internally thickened with well- rounded lips at final stage. Etymology.—From the Latin horridus, bristly or rough. Measurements.—Measurements for specimens from three localities are given in Table 12. Discussion.—Metriomphalus horridus is easily dis- tinguished from M. woodringi by its lack of a flan- gelike peripheral carination on its early whorls, by the CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 51 Table 12.—Measurements of height (H) and maximum diameter (MD) for specimens of Metriomphalus horridus trom three locali- ties. Maximum Height diameter Locality (mm) (mm) H:MD 14 4.2 6.8 0.62 14 6.8 9.9 0.69 14 12.8 14.7 0.87 14 22.7 21.6 1.05 11 2.8 3.9 0.72 11 2.9 3.3 0.88 11 2.9 3.4 0.85 11 6.9 TES) 0.92 11 7h) 8.2 0.91 11 7.6 7.6 1.00 44 4.5 5.0 0.90 44 6.2 6.5 0.95 presence of fewer (8 to 10) spiral cords on the body whorl, and by its narrower umbilicus (compare PI. 4, figs. 7, 8, with Pl. 4, figs. 1, 4). The species is wide- spread in upper Campanian and Maastrichtian rocks of Puerto Rico and Jamaica. This species is highly variable in size, with speci- mens possessing fully adult apertural features ranging between 7 and 23 mm in height. Size difference is also reflected in number of spiral cords present on the body whorl, with smaller specimens having fewer. The five cords present on whorls of the spire, however, are con- stant regardless of size. The increase in rate of translation vector during growth is reflected by the trend of greater height rel- ative to maximum diameter shown in the table of mea- sured specimens. The contrast between the early stage aperture and the terminal aperture is well shown by contrasting figures 5 and 8 with figures | and 9 on Plate 5. In the earlier stage (PI. 5, fig. 8), the outer and basal lips are strongly crenulated, reflecting the posi- tion of the highly elevated, spiral cords of the body whorl. Subsequently (Pl. 5, fig. 9), the apertural mar- gins thicken, and the apertural rim becomes smoothly circular. Accompanying this stage in development there is also a downturn of the body whorl (PI. 5, figs. 2, 9) that increases the angle of inclination of the ap- erture relative to the shell axis. The development of an external varixlike swelling on the terminal part of the body whorl is rarely present. The operculum of Metriomphalus horridus (P\. 5, figs. 4, 13-18, 20) is very similar to that of M. wood- ringi (Pl. 4, fig. 17). The exterior shelf margining the raised central pad is prominent on the specimen shown on Plate 5, figure 20, but the central pit is obscured by cemented matrix. This pit is shown on other spec- imens (Pl. 5, figs. 4, 16, 18), but, on these, the mar- gining shelf and sculpture of the external surface are obscured because of specimen wear. Occurrence of shells.—Puerto Rico: Central Aguirre quadrangle, Coamo Formation at localities 2 and 3; Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation at localities 4 and 7 and Revés Member of the Pozas Formation at localities 9, 10, and 11; Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation at locality 14 (type locality); San German quadrangle, Sabana Grande Formation at localities 17 and 18(7?). Jamaica: St. Anns Great River inlier, Windsor Shale at localities 24 and 25 and St. Anns Great River For- mation at locality 29(?); Central inlier, Guinea Corn Formation at localities 34, 35(?), 40(?), and 42(?); Sunderland inlier, Stapleton Formation at locality 44; Maldon inlier, Shaw Castle Shale at locality 46; Marchmont inlier, ““Titanosarcolites limestone”’ at lo- calities 50, 51(?), 55, and 58(?); Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation at localities 69, 70, 71, and 73; Jerusalem Mountain inlier, Thicket River Lime- stone Member of the Jerusalem Mountain Formation at localities 76 and 79(?). Occurrence of dissociated opercula.—Puerto Rico: Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation at locality 4 and Revés Mem- ber of the Pozas Formation at localities 10 and 11; Sabana Grande quadrangle, E] Rayo Formation at lo- calities 14 and 15. Jamaica: St. Anns Great River in- lier, St. Anns Great River Formation at locality 28; Marchmont inlier, “‘Titanosarcolites limestone”’ at lo- calities 51 and 60; Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation at locality 72. Age.—Late Campanian and Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468063; paratypes USNMNH 468064, 468065, 468066, 468067, 468068 (operculum), 468069 (operculum), 468070 (opercu- lum), 468071 (operculum), 468072 (operculum), 468073 (operculum), 468074, 468101 (operculum). Metriomphalus canabonensis Sohl, new species Plate 3, figures 11-16 Diagnosis.—Spire evenly tapering and proportion- ally low; body having strong, spinose spiral cord at whorl periphery. Description.—Shell turbiniform, moderately small (<12 mm), consisting of about four whorls. Spire about one-third total shell height; pleural angle 80° to 84°. Protoconch unknown, but scar small and, along with first teloconch whorl, depressed relative to re- mainder of shell. Spire evenly tapering; early whorls with broadly rounded upper whorl face that becomes increasingly rounded on body whorl; whorl periphery coincides with strong, generally spinose, spiral cord; below periphery, whorl well rounded, but flattening Nn i) across base to margin of umbilicus. Sculpture domi- nated by strong spiral cords; five primary, slightly nod- ed, spiral cords of nearly equal spacing and strength occur between suture and periphery; secondary spiral may rarely appear between fourth and fifth primary; peripheral cord very strong, spinose; six to seven no- dose to spinose, strong cords occur between periphery and umbilical margin, cords of base stronger than on upper whorl face; additional cords occur on umbilical walls. Transverse sculpture consists of very slightly prosoclinely directed, fine, closely spaced, scaly growth increments; raised, terminally hollowed spines formed on peripheral and basal spiral cords where overriding transverse elements are accentuated. Aper- ture entire, nearly circular; inner lip well rounded, but expanding out over part of umbilicus. Etymology.—The species is named for the Rio Ca- fiabon, which flows near the type locality in the Bar- ranquitas quadrangle of Puerto Rico. Measurements.—The best preserved small paratype (USNMNH 468077) measures 7.5 mm in diameter and 6.2 mm in height. The largest specimen, a paratype (USNMNH 468076), measures 12.0 mm in diameter and 9.0 mm in height. For mature specimens, ratios of height to maximum diameter range from 0.75 to 0.88. Discussion.—This species is known only from lo- calities 9 and 11, within the Revés Member of the Pozas Formation of Puerto Rico, but is represented by numerous specimens (24). All specimens are replaced by calcite, but they are sufficiently well preserved to show differentiation of shell layers, suggesting the presence of an inner nacreous layer. The virtual radial aperture, its circular outline and indication of terminal flaring, and scaly to spinose sculpture are consistent with placement in Metriomphalus. Variation within the specimens studied is obscured, in part, by what appears to be organic, perhaps algal, overgrowth on the spires of many specimens. Variation in relative height of spire is moderate. Some specimens show a tendency toward development of disjunct coil- ing in the latest growth stages. This tendency is es- pecially pronounced in the specimen figured on Plate 3, figure 16. On that figure, one can see an increase in the translation growth rate of the body whorl. This increase is marked by an accentuated increase in in- clination of the suture relative to the shell axis, re- sulting in the exposure of the spiral cord below the peripheral cord of the penultimate whorl. Variation in development of spine elevation is par- tially masked by subsequent wear of specimens, but the specimen shown on Plate 3, figure 14, indicates that spines can become quite raised and strong. Positioning of the peripheral cord is constant save for the aberrant specimen shown on Plate 3, figure 16. PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 The strongest cord on this specimen has been dis- placed anteriorly onto the basal slope and is separated from the cords of the upper whorl face by a broad interspace. Despite the shift in position, the number of spiral cords present over the upper whorl face on this specimen is consistent with that on other specimens. The scaly, almost imbricate, nature of the growth in- crements is also best shown on this specimen (PI. 3, fig. 16). When compared to other species of Metriomphalus, this species is especially characterized by the strongly developed peripheral spinose cord. Compared to the type or many other Jurassic species, such as M. cassius (d’Orbigny, 1853) or M. hamptonensis (Morris and Lycett, 1851), M. canabonensis has a proportionally lower spire as well as a strong peripheral cord. A few Jurassic species, such as Turbo bonjouri Etallon, 1859, and the species Fischer (1969) assigned to his subge- nus Metriacanthus, possess spinose peripheral cords and a proportionally low spire, but the upper whorl face in all either lacks spiral ornament or has subdued spiral ornament. In addition, these species possess a stairstepped spire profile rather than an evenly tapering outline. Among Cretaceous species, only Calliomphalus (Metriomphalus) toucasi Delpey, 1942, from the San- tonian of Montagne des Cornes, France, possesses a similar accentuation of the peripheral spiral cord, but it differs in having a less evenly tapering and propor- tionally higher spire and a less rounded inner lip of the aperture. Most of the other Cretaceous species listed as be- longing in Metriomphalus by Cossmann (1916a, p. 226) possess proportionally high spires and lack the accentuated peripheral cord. The following Cretaceous species may belong in Metriomphalus because they all have sculpture patterns and shell proportions that are similar to those of the Caribbean species, but all lack the strong, spinose peripheral cord and show other mi- nor differences in shape or sculpture: Delphinula herengerae Bataller, 1949, from the Aptian of Spain; Trochus ruizi Bataller, 1943, from the Aptian of Spain; Calliomphalus stropiolatus Collignon, 1972, from the Albian of Mo- rocco: Nododelphinula bellisculptata Jaworski, 1936, from the Albian and Cenomanian of Colombia; Delphinula jacobi Basse, 1933, from the Campanian of Madagascar; Turbo schweinfurthi Fourtau, 1904, from the Maastrichtian of Egypt; and Delphinula sensuyi Bataller, 1949, from the Maastrichtian of Spain. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Barranquitas quadran- gle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation at locali- ties 9 and 11 (type locality). Age.—Maastrichtian. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 53 Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468075; paratypes USNMNH 468076, 468077, 468078, 468079. Family TROCHIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 Subfamily EUCYCLINAE Koken, 1897 Tribe EUCYCLINI Koken, 1897 Genus EUCYCLUS Eudes-Deslongchamps, 1860 Type species.—By original designation, Eucyclus obeliscus Eudes-Deslongchamps, 1860. Discussion.—According to Hickman and McLean (1990), Eucyclus ranges from the Triassic to the Oli- gocene. Cox (1960, p. [306) included the genus as a member of his superfamily Amberleyacea, but Mc- Lean (1981) later presented evidence of the trochacean affinities of the genus, a position accepted here. Eucyclus? sp. Plate 8, figure 7 Discussion.—One specimen from the Askenish For- mation of the Lucea inlier, Hanover Parish, Jamaica, presents a form distinct from the other trochaceans herein described. It is incompletely preserved, how- ever, and lacks details of the aperture; therefore, it is inadequate for unreserved assignment. The specimen is turbiniform with an evenly tapering spire and dis- tinctly impressed suture. The whorls of the spire bear five raised, nodose to spinose, spiral cords between the suture and a subangulate periphery. A sixth, lesser cord having closer spaced nodes appears just above the suture. Below the peripheral cord of the body whorl, the rounded base bears seven, closely spaced, noded, spiral cords that are less strong than the cords above the periphery. Lateral compression of the spec- imen has destroyed the form of the aperture. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Lucea inlier, Askenish For- mation at locality 66. Age.—Early Campanian. Material.—Figured specimen USNMNH 468080. Tribe CHILODONTINI Wenz, 1938 Tribe ranking of this group follows Hickman and McLean (1990), in contrast to the subfamilial ranking of Wenz (1938) and Keen and Cox (in Knight et al., 1960, p. 1249). As conceived by Cox (in Knight et al., 1960, p. 1249), all members of the tribe were restricted to Mesozoic strata. McLean (1982, 1984) assigned such genera with extant species as Euchelus Philippi, 1847, Danilia Brusina, 1865, and Turcica A. Adams, 1854, to the Chilodontinae and extended the range of Agathodonta Cossmann, 1918, from the Lower Cre- taceous to the Holocene. The earliest representatives of the tribe are found in Jurassic rocks. The included genera are united by having the following: inner and outer apertural lips that are inclined to the shell axis and that lie in, or nearly in, the same plane; various forms of apertural dentition; a well-margined parietal callus; and commonly a cancellate sculpture pattern. Genus CHILODONTA Etallon, 1862 Type species.—By subsequent designation (de Lo- riol, 1887), C. clathrata Etallon, 1862. Diagnosis.—Shell turbiniform to subpupoidal; spire conical with cancellate pattern of sculpture; aperture oblique with thick, commonly expanded, well-defined parietal callus and numerous teeth spaced around the peristome. Discussion.—In his diagnosis of Chilodonta, Cox (in Knight et al., 1960, p. 1249) stated that the presence of five apertural teeth is a generic characteristic. Pre- sumably, this led him to include Odontoturbo de Lo- riol, 1887, as a subgenus of Chilodonta. As indicated in the descriptions of the Caribbean species given be- low, more than five teeth may be present on specimens that otherwise have all the characteristics of the genus. Odontoturbo lacks parietal callus and the cancellate sculpture typical of the Chilodontini and is probably better placed elsewhere. Cox (in Knight et al., 1960) also believed Chilo- donta to be anomphalous. In the last stages of growth, when the mature aperture is fully formed, the parietal callus covers the umbilicus. During earlier stages of growth, however, the shell is umbilicate (PI. 6, fig. 2). As discussed by Sohl (1987, p. 1089), Chilodonta occurs as a common element of the Jurassic corallien facies of western Europe. During the Cretaceous, Chil- odonta achieved wide geographic distribution in the warmer waters of the Tethyan realm coincident with the spread of carbonate-platform conditions (Sohl, 1987, fig. 2). The species described below are among the youngest representatives of the genus and possess the most complex arrangement of apertural teeth. This appears to be the culmination of a Jurassic to Creta- ceous trend toward increasing aperture complexity (Text-fig. 4). The individual abundance and distribu- tion of the Caribbean species are reflective of their being one of the most viable groups among the gas- tropods of the Cretaceous lagoonal assemblages. Chilodonta obliqua Sohl, new species Plate 6, figures 1-17 Chilodonta n. sp. Sohl, 1987, fig. 2. Diagnosis.—Pleural angle near 65° at maturity; whorls of spire with six strong, raised, spiral cords over whorl sides and a weaker spiral that borders an- terior suture. Description.—Moderately small turbiniform shells; 54 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 protoconch unknown; teloconch of five to six whorls. Suture weakly impressed and bordered adapically by a weak to pronounced spiral cord. Whorls of spire slightly excavated between suture and first spiral cord, broadly convex over sides; body whorl well rounded over sides and broadly convex over basal slope. Pleu- ral angle of early whorls near 80° but decreases to 60°— 70° at latest growth stages. Sculpture of whorl sides cancellate. Transverse sculpture consists of strong raised collabral costae that are arcuately prosocline over whorl sides; costae narrower than interspaces and diminish to fine lirae or growth lines over basal slope; costae number 27 to 30 on early whorls and decrease to 22 to 24 on body whorl; on swollen or weltlike area behind aperture margin of gerontic stage, costae be- come closely spaced and more highly inclined to shell axis. Six strong, raised, round-topped spiral cords, which are narrower than their interspaces, cover whorl surface between suture and basal periphery; a variably developed seventh cord occurs immediately above su- ture. Low spinose projections commonly occur at inter- section of spiral cords and transverse costae. Near ap- erture of gerontic specimens, spiral cords bend sharply downward and become closer spaced as additional cords appear in interspaces. In early growth stages, spiral cords cover base of body whorl but are less strong and more closely spaced than on whorl sides; in gerontic stages, callus evanesces from aperture and covers base and obscures spiral sculpture. Aperture virtually D-shaped in early stages of shell growth with well-rounded, thin, outer lip; lip internally grooved at position of external spiral cords; parietal lip free of callus; columella curved, bearing low medial swelling and second thickening near junction with parietal lip; lower part of columella rounds gradually to basal lip. With growth, apertural margins thicken and about six low nodes appear on interior of outer lip and two thicker ones on the columellar and parietal surfaces; continued growth accompanied by additional thicken- ing of outer lip, forming strong apertural rim, and de- velopment of callus that extends out of aperture onto base of body whorl to near basal periphery of whorl where edges of callus are free; callus surface bears numerous, spirally elongate welts, and numerous coarse nodes develop at apertural margins and project into aperture. At full maturity, outer lip bears ridgelike node near junction with parietal lip followed immediately and anteriorly by two strong, rounded teeth; teeth separated by round-based interspace of width equal to margining teeth; bifid, broad, but less elevated tooth follows at base of outer lip. Single, comparatively narrow tooth projects posteriorly from basal lip. Columella bears single, massive, compound tooth; tooth forms anterior curving plait that bounds siphonlike channel; channel followed posteriorly by low ridge and then by strong raised plait that does not carry out of aperture. Parietal lip carries low, elongate, ridgelike tooth at apertural margin, but has stronger, elongate tooth internally that margins plait on columellar lip forming a posterior channel. Profile trace of outer lip inclined 40° to shell axis on younger shells and increases to about 65° in gerontic stages. Etymology.—From the Latin obliquus, or slanting, referring to the high inclination of the aperture relative to the shell axis. Measurements.—The largest available specimen measures 14 mm in height and 12.2 mm in diameter and has a fully formed aperture. The smallest specimen in which an adult aperture is apparent measures 8.1 mm in height and 6.2 mm in diameter and did not reach the gerontic stage. Discussion.—All the larger known specimens of Chilodonta obliqua are replaced by silica and occur commonly at locality 14 in limestone of the El Rayo Formation in southern Puerto Rico; specimens from Jamaica are replaced by calcite and are smaller than those from Puerto Rico. Most of the Jamaican speci- mens represent adult stages of development showing various gerontic stages of denticle formation around the apertural margins. The specimens figured on Plate 6, figures 11-17, are arranged to show the succession of apertural modification and spread of callus over the shell base. Plate 6, figure 4, shows an apertural profile view of a specimen in the beginning stages of devel- opment of the weltlike thickening of the outer lip. Plate 6, figures 7, 9, and 10, show specimens that ex- hibit the advanced stages of the development of this thickening that is accompanied by increase in the in- clination of the outer lip to the shell axis and by the interpolation of secondary spiral sculpture. This latter feature is especially well displayed on the incomplete specimen shown on Plate 6, figure 9. According to Hickman and McLean (1990, p. 79), development of a terminal varix, such as found in Chilodonta obliqua, is rare among the Trochacea. The increase in inclina- tion of the apertural surface in such living chilodon- tines as Granata effectively converts the shell to a lim- petlike outline and is correlated with the ability to cling to a hard substrate. By analogy, such a habit can be reasonably proposed for Chilodonta obliqua. Descriptions and illustrations of all other species of Chilodonta that I have examined are based upon ma- ture specimens and fail to indicate the presence of an umbilicus in early stages of development. The speci- men of Chilodonta obliqua figured on Plate 6, figures 1—3, shows a shell having an open umbilicus at a stage CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 55) of growth prior to the development of parietal callus and other modifications of the apertural margin. Traces of this feature are also to be seen on broken adult specimens that exhibit a central void in the shell axis. Chilodonta obliqua differs from all other species in the genus by having a more highly inclined outer lip, more extensive parietal callus, and a greater shell di- ameter in proportion to height. Although more com- plex, the basic arrangement of apertural denticles is similar to that in the type species, C. clathrata Etallon, 1862, from the Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of France. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Sabana Grande quad- rangle, limestones of the El Rayo Formation at locality 14 (type locality). Jamaica: Maldon inlier, Shaw Castle Shale at locality 46. Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 421478; paratypes USNMNH 468081, 468082, 468083, 468084, 468085, 468086, 468087, 468088, 468089. Chilodonta aff. C. obliqua Sohl Plate 7, figures 4—9, 11—13 Discussion.—A number of specimens belonging in Chilodonta are present in the collections studied from several Upper Cretaceous formations in both Puerto Rico and Jamaica. They show characters that ally them to C. obliqua, but differ most noticeably in having only five instead of six primary spiral costae on the whorls of the spire (PI. 7, figs. 4-6, 9). One may ques- tion whether this difference is sufficient to merit sep- arate specific distinction. Because the nearly 30 spec- imens in the type lot of C. obliqua show no variance in this character, however, it is thought best to separate the two types until more material is available. A new specific or subspecific name is not proposed because none of the specimens preserve a complete aperture, although a reasonable reconstruction can be made based upon the parts of apertures preserved on several specimens. The spires of specimens assigned to C. aff. C. ob- liqua seem narrower in early growth stages with a pleural angle of about 70° compared to 80° on the early whorls of specimens of Chilodonta obliqua, but, at maturity, the pleural angles of both species are about the same. The number of spiral ribbons on the whorls of the spire differs between the two forms, but the number of transverse costae (27—28) is similar. The specimen shown on Plate 7, figure 7, from locality 54, is small and distorted because of compression but pos- sesses an arrangement of apertural denticles similar in plan to that of C. obliqua. Because of preservation factors, the early ontoge- netic growth stages of C. obliqua are unknown. A few specimens of C. aff. C. obliqua do preserve such fea- tures and probably parallel the growth of obliqua. As shown on Plate 7, figures 11—13, the protoconch is well rounded, and the initial teloconch whorl sculpture consists of strong, raised, prosoclinely arcuate, trans- verse costae that are continuous across the rounded whorls. Very fine spiral threads appear in the intercos- tal areas after about one and one-half whorls. Spiral sculpture subsequently strengthens until the transverse and spiral elements become equal in prominence, cre- ating a cancellate ornament over the whorl sides. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Central Aguirre quad- rangle, Coamo Formation at locality 2; Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation at locality 11. Jamaica: St. Anns Great River inlier, St. Anns Great River Formation at locality 27; Central inlier, Guinea Corn Formation at localities 40(?) and 43(?); Sunderland inlier, Stapleton Formation at local- ity 44(?); Maldon inlier, Summerhill Shale at locality 45(?) and Shaw Castle Shale at locality 46; March- mont inlier, ““Titanosarcolites limestone” at localities 54, 60, 61, and 65. Age.—Middle Campanian to Maastrichtian. Material.—Figured specimens USNMNH 468090, 468091, 468092, 468093, 468094, 468095, 468096, 468097. Chilodonta jamaicaensis Sohl, new species Plate 7, figures 1—3, 10 Diagnosis.—Pleural angle of adult whorls 49° to 50°; whorls of spire with four strong spiral cords. Description.—Shell small, turbiniform; spire pro- portionally high, consisting of about five whorls. Pro- toconch unknown; pleural angle of mature shell about 50°. Whorls of spire round sided; body whorl with periphery broadly rounding down to highly inclined basal slope; near aperture, whorl grows downward (abaxially), weltlike area develops behind aperture, and growth lines become more highly inclined to axis. Sutures impressed. Whorls of spire bear four round- topped, strong, spiral cords between sutures; cords about as wide as interspaces; lower cord may become virtually flat topped ribbon; fifth spiral sometimes faintly visible immediately above anterior suture. Fourth spiral cord forms periphery of body whorl fol- lowed anteriorly by four to five strong, raised, spiral cords over basal slope; cords diminish in width ante- riorly; near aperture, cords bend down as they cross weltlike thickened area near aperture. Transverse sculpture consists of collabral, prosocline, widely spaced, relatively fine cords that incline about 7° to plane of suture; subspinose nodes form where trans- verse cords override spiral cords; intersecting sculpture elements form rectangularly cancellate pattern; on body whorl, transverse cords diminish in strength over 56 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 fourth and fifth spirals but again form prominent, closely spaced nodes on spirals of basal slope. Aperture highly inclined (60°) to axis; callus extends out of aperture and covers parietal and columellar parts of body whorl base; outer lip thickened within and bearing one strong, raised node near junction with pa- rietal lip; basal lip rounded and bearing two closely spaced nodes near junction with columellar lip; colu- mellar lip with two strong, plaitlike teeth that extend into aperture. Etymology.—Named for the island of Jamaica. Measurements.—The most complete specimen mea- sures 7.2 mm in height and 6 mm in diameter. The largest specimen, missing a small part of the apex, is estimated to have had a length of nearly 8 mm. Discussion.—Only 10 specimens of this species are known, and most come from beds containing the rudist bivalve Barrettia gigas in the Green Island inlier of Jamaica. All specimens are incompletely preserved, but in the composite show all shell characters save for the nature of the protoconch and some aspects of the apertural dentition. Some specimens (PI. 7, fig. 1) tend toward a subpupoidal outline. This form is the result of accentuated downturn of the body whorl near the aperture. Compared to Chilodonta obliqua, this species is more slender relative to height, has fewer spiral cords on the whorls of the spire and base of the body whorl, and has less extensive parietal callus. In body proportions, Chilodonta jamaicaensis is similar to Trochus marcaisi d’Orbigny, 1842, as fig- ured by Cossmann (1903), but has fewer and more widely spaced spiral cords, a more expanded parietal callus, and less regularly spaced apertural teeth. Most other Cretaceous species differ in details of sculpture and are proportionally wider relative to height. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Lucea inlier, Askenish For- mation at locality 67; Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation at localities 69, 70, 71 (type locality), and Vx Age.—Early to late Campanian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468098; paratypes USNMNH 468099, 468100. Tribe CALLIOTROPINI Hickman and McLean, 1990 Genus PLANOLATERALUS Sohl, 1960 Type species.—By original designation, Calliom- phalus argenteus Wade, 1926. Diagnosis.—Shell trochiform, phaneromphalous; whorls generally flat sided and basally angulate; suture incised. Protoconch less than one whorl and round topped. Transverse riblets of earliest whorls give way to nodose to spinose spirals on later whorls. Aperture subround, inclination low, nacreous within. Umbilicus bounded by strongly noded, spiral cord. Discussion.—Planolateralus was proposed as a sub- genus of Calliomphalus Cossmann, 1888, and as- signed to the Angariinae (Sohl, 1960). However, the difference in early whorl development (see Sohl, 1960, 1964), the basally angulate, flat-sided whorls of the spire, and the sharply defined nodose margin of the proportionally narrower umbilicus of Planolateralus are sufficient to distinguish the two at the generic lev- el. Hickman and McLean (1990) have removed Cal- liomphalus trom the subfamily Angariinae and placed it in the subfamily Eucyclinae, tribe Calliotropini, a placement they suggest with reservation for Planola- teralus. In addition, the Cretaceous species allied to Calliomphalus americanus Wade, 1926 (Stephenson, 1941; Sohl, 1960, 1964), need revision because they have features that suggest close affinities to such gen- era as Solariella Wood, 1842, and Periaulax Coss- mann, 1888. In Cretaceous deposits, Planolateralus is known from the Campanian and Maastrichtian of the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coastal Plains of the United States and from northwestern Europe. These occur- rences are mainly in shallow shelfal, terrigenous clas- tic deposits. The species described below is the first occurrence in the Tethyan Realm. It there occurs, how- ever, not in the shallow-water facies associated with carbonate-platform rudist framework, but in deeper water, shelfal shales that contain inoceramid bivalves. In this aspect of occurrence, it parallels the facies dis- tribution of the Coastal Plain species. Planolateralus? hanoverensis Sohl, new species Plate 8, figures 6, 8-12 Diagnosis.—Shell conical; whorls with three pri- mary, coarsely noded, spiral cords above the noded, angulate basal periphery; umbilicus margined by a row of widely spaced, coarse nodes. Description.—Shell conical, small, consisting of about seven teloconch whorls. Pleural angle of earliest teloconch obtuse, decreasing with growth to 50°-55° at maturity. Protoconch incompletely known, small and round topped. Initial teloconch whorl horizontal to axis between incised suture and sharp shoulder, whorl side vertical below; upper whorl face becomes inclined on second teloconch whorl; shoulder lost on subsequent whorls as sides develop a straight profile descending to an angulate basal periphery. Transverse riblets dominate early whorl sculpture; riblets are thin over upper whorl face, noded at shoul- der, and thicken below on whorl side. Body whorl with CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 57 three primary, strong, coarsely noded, spiral cords be- tween suture and basal angulation; first and third cords strongest; nodes well raised and rectangular. Basal an- gulation formed by raised, broad, spiral band that bears strong, axially elongate nodes that may be overridden by fine spiral lines. Base broadly convex and covered by moderately strong, spiral cords; umbilicus about one-fifth width of base and margined by row of strong nodes; nodes continue on umbilical wall as raised ridg- eS: Aperture incompletely known; subrounded; outer lip slightly prosocline; inner lip smooth, meets basal lip at slightly obtuse angle. Etymology.—Named for the occurrence of the spe- cies in the Lucea inlier of Hanover Parish, Jamaica. Measurements.—The holotype (USNMNH 468102) measures 4.5 mm in height and 3.7 mm in diameter, and a paratype (USNMNH 468103) measures 1.9 mm in height and 1.7 mm in diameter. The holotype is from shales in the Hanover Group (Askenish Forma- tion) of the Lucea inlier, Hanover Parish, Jamaica. The paratype USNMNH 468103 is from the Windsor Shale of the St. Anns Great River inlier in St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. Discussion.—Planolateralus? hanoverensis is rep- resented in the collections under study by 40 speci- mens from lower Campanian shales of the Lucea and St. Anns Great River inliers of Jamaica. Many of the specimens show some moderate distortion because of compression, whereas others preserve their shape well. Secondary calcite deposition on the interior of the ap- erture of the specimen shown on Plate 8, figure 10, gives the erroneous impression that the shell is thick. The change from well-shouldered early whorls to flat-sided later whorls is well shown on the specimen illustrated on Plate 8, figure 11, as is the change from dominantly transverse to spiral sculpture. The same figure also shows well the quadrangular form of the nodes of the spiral ornament. The species is assigned to Planolateralus with ques- tion because of the incomplete nature of the aperture as preserved on the available material. The ontogenetic change in whorl profile and sculpture, the conical shape, and the basal angulation, however, are all fea- tures common to members of the genus. Compared to the species described from coeval and younger Cretaceous deposits of the U.S. Gulf of Mex- ico and Atlantic Coastal Plain (Sohl, 1960, 1964), P.? hanoverensis is smaller, has proportionally coarser no- dose sculpture, and has wider spaced, but stronger, nodes on the umbilical margin. Occurrence.—Jamaica: St. Anns Great River inlier, Windsor Shales at localities 23, 24, and 26; Lucea in- lier, Askenish Formation at localities 66 and 67 (type locality) and Georgia Complex at locality 68. Age.—Early Campanian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468102; paratypes USNMNH 468103, 468104, 468105. Subfamily TROCHINAE Rafinesque, 1815 Tribe TROCHINI Rafinesque, 1815 The genus Discotectus Favre, 1913, discussed be- low, was included in the subfamily Proconulinae by Cox (in Keen and Cox, 1960, p. 1249), along with a group of other Mesozoic taxa having apically acute, conical shells. Such a grouping has little cohesion, as pointed out by Hickman and McLean (1990), who al- located Discotectus and Dimorphotectus Cossmann, 1918, to the Trochini and questionably assigned the remainder of the Proconulinae to the Calliostomatinae. Genus DISCOTECTUS Favre, 1913 Type species.—By subsequent designation (Coss- mann, 1918), Trochus massalongoi Gemmellaro, 1869. Diagnosis.—Shell small, generally cyrtoconoid, multiwhorled, anomphalous. Outer lip prosocline, in- ner lip short with strong, generally flat and oblique plait low on columella that extends out of aperture. Sculpture dominantly spiral. Discussion.—The oldest known Discotectus are in Jurassic rocks. Many of the species now assigned to Discotectus were originally described as Tectus Mont- fort, 1810, but differ from that genus in having a dis- tinct, strong, oblique, flat columellar plait that emerges from the aperture rather than only a spiral fold or fold- like twist of the columella. Kase (1984) suggested that Discotectus can be split into two subgenera, based mainly on shells that have a flat or concave base, as opposed to those with a convex base. In addition, he suggested that Tectus may have been derived from the species group with a con- vex base (Discotectus crassus group). Cossmann (1918) had also come to this conclusion. The colu- mellar fold of Discotectus is proportionally large, how- ever, filling over half of the basal part of the aperture of the small shells composing this genus. It is not a columellar fold in the strict sense, but actually a spat- ulate disc or shelly pad that is equally attached to the basal lip and to the columellar lip. In this regard, the “fold” of Discotectus differs from the small fold found on the columella in the large shells of Tectus, which never extends far into the aperture, does not fuse with the basal lip, and does not extend in a semi- circular pad out of the aperture. It is unlikely that sup- pression of the fold of Discotectus would yield the conventional columellar structure of Tectus. 58 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Table 13.—Measurements of three specimens of Discotectus co- quiensis from locality 2. Maximum Height of Height diameter aperture (mm) (mm) (mm) 7.0 Syp) 2.4 eS 6.5 2.8 8.4 6.4 Sul During the Cretaceous, species of Discotectus achieved circum-Tethyan distribution. In the Western Hemisphere, Sohl (1971, fig. 12) cited the genus as one of the significant associates of a Caribbean Cre- taceous tropical biotic province. The specific and mor- phologic diversity of the Late Cretaceous Discotectus in the Antillean region is unmatched in any area of similar size during the Mesozoic. Discotectus coquiensis Sohl, new species Plate 8, figures 1—5; plate 9, figures 4, 6-8 Diagnosis.—Shell moderately small (<9 mm), tro- chiform; whorls of spire with flat sides that bear seven spiral cords; basal periphery rounded. Description.—Shell small, conispiral, phanerom- phalous. Protoconch unknown; pleural angle 51° to 56° Whorls five to six in number, nearly flat sided with faint swelling above impressed suture; basal periphery of body whorl rounding to very gently convex basal surface. Whorls of spire bear seven broad, spiral rib- bons separated by narrow interspaces; body whorl with seven to eight spiral ribbons between suture and pe- riphery; spiral lirae cover rounded basal periphery and base of body whorl. Transverse sculpture limited to highly prosocline growth lines over whorl sides; lines inclined about 35° from suture; growth lines become arcuate over basal periphery and base; faint low nodes occasionally develop where growth lines cross spiral elements. Aperture subquadrangular; outer lip thin at edge and highly inclined to shell axis; inner lip arcuate over parietal region, columellar lip short and thick with disclike plication that obliquely extends into aperture and protrudes forward from aperture; behind protrud- ing rim of columellar plication, lower surface rounds down and merges with adaxial part of basal lip. Etymology.—Named for the village of Coqui, Barrio Aguirre, Municipio de Salinas, Puerto Rico, near the type locality of the species (locality 2, fig. 9). Measurements.—Measurements from three speci- mens from locality 2 are given in Table 13. Discussion.—Discotectus coquiensis is known only from its type locality (locality 2) in the Coamo For- mation of southern Puerto Rico, where it occurs in abundance. Amount of variation among the available suite of over 200 specimens from the type locality is small. Some of the larger specimens show a tendency to develop a slightly swollen and more rounded basal periphery (PI. 8, fig. 4). Spiral ribbons of some spec- imens are low and broad (PI. 9, fig. 6); ribbons on other specimens are raised and round topped (PI. 9, fig. 7). On all specimens, however, the number of such elements remains constant on the whorl sides. Discotectus sp. A (described below), from the El Rayo Formation of Puerto Rico at locality 14, is sim- ilar in shape and sculpture, but possesses nine instead of seven spiral cords on the whorl sides, has nodes on the first subsutural cord, and has a more deeply incised suture. Discotectus barranquitasensis (described be- low) is readily distinguished by its noded spiral cords and inflated periphery of the body whorl. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Central Aguirre quad- rangle, Coamo Formation at locality 2 (type locality). Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468106; paratypes USNMNH 468107, 468108, 468109, 468110, 468111. Discotectus sp. A Plate 9, figures 1—3, 5 Discussion.—About 70 specimens of a distinctive, rather poorly preserved Discotectus have been recoy- ered from acidizing the siliceous limestones of the El Rayo Formation at locality 14 in the Sabana Grande quadrangle of Puerto Rico. The silica replacement of the shells is rather granular and, thus, features of sculp- ture are not sharply preserved, and no specimens pre- serve the earliest stages of growth. For these reasons, formal description and naming must await better pre- served material. The shells are small (<6 mm maxi- mum diameter), conical, with a pleural angle of 55° to 60°. The whorl sides are virtually flat except for a slight swelling corresponding to the position of the first subsutural spiral cord. The suture itself is rather deeply impressed (PI. 9, fig. 5). Early whorls generally bear only seven spiral cords, but later whorls have nine. These cords are broader than their interspaces and are low lying. The subsutural cord is the strongest and broadest and bears low’ nodes. The periphery is broadly rounded, and the base is nearly flat and bears fine obscure spiral threads. The outer lip of the aper- ture is prosocline and strongly inclined to the axis, and the disclike forward edge of the columellar plait ex- tends out of the aperture but is inclined toward the anterior. This plait joins the basal lip below as well as being affixed laterally to the columella. This species is similar in form to D. coquiensis but has more numerous spirals, the subsutural one being noded, and is also proportionally broader. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 59 Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Sabana Grande quad- rangle, El] Rayo Formation at locality 14. Age.—Maastrichtian. Material.—Figured specimens USNMNH 468112, 468113, 468114, 468115. Discotectus barranquitasensis Sohl, new species Plate 10, figures 1—12 Diagnosis.—Shell, small (<7 mm in maximum di- ameter), conical; body whorl with inflated, well-round- ed periphery; first subsutural spiral ribbon strong and bears raised, rectangular nodes. Description.—Shell small, slightly cyrtoconoid, with broadly rounded, anomphalous base. Protoconch unknown. Pleural angle 35° to 40°; apical angle near 50°. Spire of about seven whorls; suture impressed; below suture whorl, sides almost vertical over upper one-third, becoming rounded below to periphery. Body whorl rounding over basal periphery to broadly convex base. Growth lines prosocline, inclined about 35° from suture. Sculpture dominantly spiral; spirals consist of raised ribbons broader than their interspaces and bear elevat- ed subrectangular nodes where crossed by prosocline transverse growth increments. First spiral below suture broad, almost weltlike and bears closely spaced nodes; three to four spiral ribbons of lesser width follow an- teriorly over nearly vertical whorl surface above rounded peripheral swelling; on spire, rounded periph- ery bears three prominent noded spiral ribbons. On body whorl, two to three additional ribbons occur over lower surface of rounded periphery; base covered by round-topped, spiral lirae that become wider spaced toward shell axis and beaded where crossed by sinu- ous, fine growth lines; near aperture, growth line of base may increase in strength to low ruga. Aperture wider than high, subquadrangular; outer lip highly in- clined to shell axis, thin at edge, but thickening greatly within where four obscure denticles may appear, two on upper surface and two near junction with sinuous basal lip. Columella thick with disclike plait extending laterally into aperture and forward, out of aperture, as abaxially inclined wafer with edge thickened, rounded, and slightly downturned; base of columellar plait con- tinuous with adaxial portion of basal lip behind lip edge. Etymology.—Named for the town of Barranquitas, Puerto Rico, which is near the type locality of the spe- cies (locality 4, fig. 10). Measurements.—Measurements of specimens from the Revés Member of the Pozas Formation of Puerto Rico are given in Table 14. All specimens lack a small portion of the apex, and the measurement of height is an estimate. Table 14.—Measurements of specimens of Discotectus barran- quitasensis from the Revés Member of the Pozas Formation of Puer- to Rico. All specimens lack a small portion of the apex, and the measurement of height is an estimate. Maximum Height of Height diameter aperture (mm) (mm) (mm) U3 6.2 2.8 7.6 6.3 2.7 7.0 6.0 25 S77) 5.6 2.1 8.3 7.0 spit 7.6 6.6 2.8 Discussion.—Discotectus barranquitasensis is rep- resented in the collections studied by over 400 speci- mens. The measurements given above reflect the fact that most of the more complete specimens range be- tween 7 and 8 mm in height. Variation in shell pro- portions is slight. Some specimens having proportion- ally greater width have been noted, but this variance is usually related to the repair of shell breakage. Some shells show near vertical trend of the whorl sides be- low the first subsutural spiral ribbon and above the peripheral inflation (Pl. 10, fig. 7), but others possess a more regular conical whorl profile (Pl. 10, fig. 4). The greatest variation is found in sculpture pattern. The strength of noding on the spiral ribbons varies from specimen to specimen, but such nodes are present on all except the most worn shells. Usually the first spiral ribbon below the suture is the most prominent (Pl. 10, figs. 11 and 12), but some specimens possess a narrow additional spiral cord as the first element. The form of the columellar plait is especially well shown on Plate 10, figure 8. On this specimen, the downward bend of the plait margin is well displayed. The fusion of the plait and the basal lip is seen on Plate 10, figure 10, as are the denticles inside the ap- erture. Denticles are rarely seen on the interior of the aperture. The apical view of the specimen shown on Plate 10, figure 9, is typical in showing the poor state of preservation of the initial whorls present on all specimens. The whorl profile, consisting of a flat upper subsu- tural area followed by a rounded, and swollen periph- ery, coupled with the arrangement of the strongly nod- ed spiral ribbons, distinguishes Discotectus barran- quitasensis from other species. Its closest affinities seem to lie with D. coralliophilus Sayn, 1932, from the Barremian of France. The Barremian species shows a tendency to develop a similar rounded swollen whorl periphery, but it is a proportionally higher shell, and the whorls bear fewer spirals. Trochus (Tectus) sabinus Parona, 1909, from the Cenomanian of Italy, 60 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 appears to be a Discotectus with an accentuated, but more angulate periphery. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Barranquitas quadran- gle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Forma- tion at localities 4 (type locality), 5, and 7. Age.—Late Campanian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468116; paratypes USNMNH 468117, 468118, 468119, 468120, 468121, 468122, 468123, 468124, 468125. Discotectus gelaberti Sohl, new species Plate 11, figures 7—13 Diagnosis.—Shell conical, whorls of spire with four strongly noded spiral cords on sides and a fifth cord forming periphery of body whorl. Description.—Shells conical, rather small for genus (< 6 mm in maximum diameter), phaneromphalous, consisting of six to seven flat-sided whorls; suture weakly canaliculate; periphery of whorl sharply round- ed, base broadly convex. Protoconch unknown, pleural angle 50° to 55°. Sculpture dominantly spiral, early whorls with four strongly noded, spiral cords; nodes highly raised, closely spaced, and with apex of nodes having ada- pertural inclination; upper cord borders suture with spiral interspace somewhat greater than interspaces be- tween subsequent cords; second, third, and fourth cords of equal strength and spacing, with nodes some- what more pronounced than those on uppermost cord; fifth cord may appear just above abapical suture on penultimate whorl and is narrower than other cords; body whorl with straight sides or may become slightly concave in profile as periphery becomes inflated; pe- riphery sharply rounded down to broadly convex base that bears few obscure spiral lines. Transverse sculp- ture limited to highly prosocline growth lines, inclined about 30° to suture; growth lines sometimes raised to sharp fine lines in spiral interspaces of whorl sides but obscure on base. Aperture subrhomboidal, wider than high, outer lip highly inclined to shell axis; inner lip short with disclike plait located at base of columellar lip that laterally extends well into aperture; rounded forward margin of plait extends well out of aperture beyond margin of basal lip; base of plait continuous with basal lip inside of aperture. Etymology.—Named for Pedro A. Gelabert, in rec- ognition of his contributions to the geologic mapping of the Barranquitas area of Puerto Rico. Measurements.—Measurements of specimens from locality 11 in the Revés Member of the Pozas For- mation of Puerto Rico are given in Table 15. Discussion.—This species is represented in the col- lections by over 300 specimens, all from the type lo- cality (locality 11) in the Revés Member of the Pozas Table 15.—Measurements of specimens of Discotectus gelaberti from locality 11 in the Revés Member of the Pozas Formation of Puerto Rico. Maximum Height of Height diameter body whorl (mm) (mm) (mm) 4.6 4.1 1.8 4.9 4.3 2.0 3.2 4.6 Pipl Formation of Puerto Rico. Variability among speci- mens of Discotectus gelaberti is not great and is pri- marily noticeable in development of elements of sculp- ture and inflation of the periphery. Some specimens (Pl. 11, figs. 7, 13) possess a concave profile to the body whorl, whereas others (Pl. 11, fig. 9) maintain a flat whorl profile to maturity. The degree to which the fifth or peripheral spiral cord is visible on the whorls of the spire also varies, but when seen, it is usually present on the latest whorls of the spire. Compared to other species, D. gelaberti differs in the constant possession of the four strongly noded spi- ral cords on the whorls of the spire. The only other species in which the spiral nodes are of similar strength is D. scotti (described below), but that species possesses only three spinose rows of nodes on the whorl sides that are wider spaced, the growth lines are less highly inclined, and, in addition, the shell has a flat to concave base, not one that is broadly rounded and convex. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Barranquitas quadran- gle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation at locality 11 (type locality). Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468126; paratypes USNMNH 468127, 468128, 468129, 468130, 468131. Discotectus cyrtoconus Sohl, new species Plate 11, figures 1-6 Diagnosis.—Cyrtoconoid Discotectus with two raised, strong, spiral ribbons marking angulate whorl periphery. Description.—Shell moderately large for genus, cyrtoconoid, phaneromphalous, consisting of about five whorls. Protoconch unknown; pleural angle near 80° on early whorls of spire, decreasing to as little as 40° at maturity. Early whorls flat to gently convex in profile, becoming concave on later whorls as periph- eral angulation becomes inflated. Sculpture of early whorls consisting of about five, closely spaced, spiral cords bounded below by stronger cord that lies im- mediately above anterior suture; additional cords add- ed on later whorls until on body whorl nearly eight CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 61 Table 16.—Measurements of specimens of Discotectus cyrtoconus from the E] Rayo Formation of Puerto Rico at locality 14. Maximum Height of Height diameter body whorl (mm) (mm) H:MD (mm) 97 8.3 itil) 3.6 8.5 7.8 1.09 3.8 8.7 7.6 1.14 3.8 4.3 4.3 1.00 iS) fine cords present over upper whorl and two, or rarely three, stronger cords placed over subangulate swollen periphery; base covered by fine, rather obscure spiral striae. Growth lines faint, but highly prosocline over whorl sides and nearly direct over whorl base. Aperture wider than high; outer lip highly prosoc line, inclined nearly 70° to axis of coiling; basal lip gently convex over most of extent, becoming more strongly rounded as it merges with columellar lip, ad- axial part overlies part of columellar plait but interiorly merges therewith; columellar lip short and anteriorly bearing a strong disclike plait that laterally extends into aperture with its curved, narrow-edged, adaxial margin protruding well out of aperture. Etymology.—From the Greek kyrtos, humped or curved, and konos, cone; referring to the cyrtoconoid shell outline. Measurements.—Measurements of specimens from the El Rayo Formation of Puerto Rico at locality 14 are given in Table 16. Discussion.—This is a rather rare species known only from 12 specimens, all occurring at locality 14 in the El Rayo Formation of southern Puerto Rico. All specimens have been recovered from silicified resi- dues, and none preserves a complete apex. The de- crease in pleural angle with advanced growth noted in the description is also reflected in the measurements given above. The smallest measured specimen has a height equal to its maximum diameter; in increasingly large specimens, the shell becomes higher than wide. The development, in later growth stages, of a pro- nounced inflated periphery is reminiscent of the sim- ilar ontogenetic development of Discotectus barran- quitasensis, but D. cyrtoconus is easily distinguished by the presence of the strong peripheral cords and the lack of nodes on the fine spirals of the upper whorl surface. Outside the Caribbean area, D. crassus (Nagao, 1934), as figured by Kase (1984), has a somewhat sim- ilar shell profile but differs in its coarsely noded spiral sculpture and proportionally higher aperture. Trochus (Tectus) sabinus Parona, 1909, from the Cenomanian of Monte D’Ocre, Italy, belongs in the genus Disco- tectus. Its ontogenetic development, form of periphery, and general sculpture pattern are similar to those of D. cyrtoconus. However, the columellar plait is propor- tionally shorter, it does not extend out of the aperture to the same degree, and there appears to be only one strong cord, instead of two, at the peripheral angula- tion. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Sabana Grande quad- rangle, El Rayo Formation at locality 14 (type locali- ty). Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468132; paratypes USNMNH 468133, 468134. Discotectus scotti Sohl, new species Plate 12, figures 1—8 Diagnosis.—Medium-sized, conical Discotectus on which flat-sided whorls bear three strongly noded spi- rals above followed anteriorly by a non-noded raised spiral cord at the peripheral angulation. Description.—Shell conical, consisting of about seven to eight, flat-sided whorls; sutures slightly in- cised; periphery angulate, base nearly flat to centrally concave, phaneromphalous. Protoconch unknown. Pleural angle 48° to 52°. Sculpture dominantly spiral, consisting of four raised, spiral cords; widths of spiral cords equal to or narrower than their interspaces; first cord borders posterior suture and, like two following cords, is strongly spinose; spines tend to be spirally elongate; fourth spiral cord forms angulate periphery, base devoid of spiral ornament. Growth lines faint and prosocline and highly inclined to axis. Aperture much wider than high; outer lip profile highly inclined to axis, rounding sharply to basal lip; basal lip slightly convex, rounding adaxially into columellar plait; col- umellar lip short and bearing disclike plait at base; rounded plait margin extends laterally into aperture and also forward out of aperture. Etymology.—This species is named for R.W. Scott, in recognition of his contributions to the Cretaceous molluscan paleontology of the Gulf of Mexico region. Measurements.—Measurements of specimens from Puerto Rico at localities 14 and 17 are given in Table 17. All of these specimens lack a small portion of the apex, and the height measurements are estimates. Height is approximately equal to diameter in these specimens. Discussion.—All available specimens are preserved as siliceous replacements, and, as can be seen on the illustrations (Pl. 12, figs. 1-8), siliceous gangue ob- scures some of the fine details of sculpture on the spires of most specimens. The specimens here included in Discotectus scotti are united in having three noded to spinose spiral cords 62 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Table 17.—Measurements of specimens of Discotectus scotti from Puerto Rico at localities 14 and 17. All of the specimens measured lack a small portion of the apex, and the height measurements are estimates. Height is approximately equal to diameter in these spec- imens. Maximum Height of Height diameter body whorl (mm) (mm) (mm) 6.2 6.2 17, 4.5 4.5 1.4 9.0 ? 2.3 6.2 5.8 1.9 on the upper part of the whorl followed by a non- noded cord marking the peripheral angulation. Al- though other species, such as Trochus texanus Romer, 1888 (see Stanton, 1947, pl. 48, fig. 5), have a similar shell form, none possess the sculpture characters of this species. Some differences occur between the specimens from the two known localities of occurrence. Those from locality 17, in the San German quadrangle of Puerto Rico, are from the stratigraphically lower position (pre-Barrettia gigas Range Zone) and are slightly higher than wide and possess spirally elongate, round- topped spines upon the spiral cords (Pl. 12, figs. 1, 7). The specimens from the Titanosarcolites-bearing lev- els at locality 14 differ in having heights equal to di- ameters and bear raised, rounded nodes instead of spines upon the spiral cords (Pl. 12, figs. 5, 6, 8). These differences may merit taxonomic separation as chronosubspecies, but the number of specimens, known from only two localities, 1s insufficient to make such a determination. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Sabana Grande quad- rangle, E] Rayo Formation at locality 14; San German quadrangle, Sabana Grande Formation at locality 17 (type locality). Age.—Middle Campanian to Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468135; paratypes USNMNH 468136, 468137, 468138, 468139. Discotectus crebrinodosus Sohl, new species Plate 12, figures 9-12 Diagnosis.—Whorls bearing seven to eight closely spaced, noded spiral cords. Upper cord broadest with arcuate prosocline crest on closely spaced nodes. Base of body whorl concave. Description.—Small, multiwhorled, cyrtoconoid shell. Protoconch unknown; pleural angle 60° to 65°. Whorls of spire gently convex, basal periphery round- ed; suture impressed; periphery becomes inflated and sharply rounded on body whorl; below periphery, base of whorl rounds down to concavely flat basal slope. Spiral sculpture dominant and consists of, usually, sev- en noded spiral cords separated by very narrow inter- spaces; subsutural cord broadest; subsequent cords nearly equal in width; nodes axially elongated, tend to be arcuately and subangularly crested on subsutural cord but more rounded on lower cords; nodes of suc- ceeding cords appear collabrally aligned across whorl face; generally obscure, fine, spiral lirae cover base of whorl. Aperture incompletely known; outer lip strong- ly prosocline, short columella bears an oblique disclike fold low on lip. Etymology.—From the Latin creber, close, numer- ous, and nodosus, knotty or noded. Discussion.—Discotectus crebrinodosus is known only from 11 specimens that occur at localities 69 and 72, in the Barrettia gigas-bearing limestones (Green Island Formation) of the Green Island inlier of Jamai- ca. All specimens are incomplete, missing either some part of the spire or a part of the aperture. All speci- mens are small, less than an estimated 6 mm in height, and some have been distorted by compression. Re- gardless of these drawbacks, the available material represents a distinctive species. I am unaware of any other Caribbean or world Cre- taceous species of Discotectus that possesses similar prosocline, elongate nodes on the spiral elements of sculpture (Pl. 12, figs. 10, 11). This species also pos- sesses a concave basal surface, but none of the species listed by Kase (1984, p. 66) as characteristic of his D. massalongoi group, characterized by a concave or flat shell base, is similarly sculptured. Discotectus zansi (described below), from a higher stratigraphic position in the St. Anns Great River inlier, is another species having an excavated base and collabrally arranged spi- ral nodes. It differs in its proportionally higher spire and, more importantly, in having a larger number of spiral cords, in the nodes being narrower, and in hav- ing fine, raised, growth lines that are equally promi- nent in the spiral interspaces as on the nodes. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation at localities 69 and 72 (type locality). Age.—Late Campanian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468140; paratypes USNMNH 468141, 468142, 468143. Discotectus zansi Sohl, new species Plate 13, figures 1—10 Diagnosis.—Spire cyrtoconoid; body whorl with in- flated periphery; whorls sculptured by 8 to 11 primary and secondary spiral cords; cords collabrally beaded by fine, raised growth lines. Description.—Shells cyrtoconoid in early stages; body whorl develops vertical to slightly convex upper profile expanding anteriorly to a rounded periphery; CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 63 Table 18.—Measurements of specimens of Discotectus zansi from the type locality (locality 27) in the St. Anns Great River Formation of the St. Anns Great River inlier, Jamaica. Maximum Height of Height diameter body whorl (mm) (mm) (mm) 6.2 5.1 2.8 6.6 5.3) 2.6 6.8 25) 3.0 4.7 4.3 2.3 base rounded marginally, becoming concave toward axis. Protoconch unknown. Apical angle 56° to 62°; pleural angle 35° to 40°. Whorls of spire bear eight or nine primary, rounded spiral cords; cords broader than interspaces; subsutural cord strongest, weaker second- ary cords may appear in spiral interspaces; base with mixture of fine spiral cords and lirae. Growth lines prosocline, forming fine raised ridges in spiral inter- spaces, but raised to collabrally elongated nodes where they override spiral cords; traces of growth lines sig- moidal as they trend from spiral interspace over spiral cord and into next interspace; near aperture body, whorl surface may bear discontinuous, raised collabral welts; spiral cords subdued or lost over surface of welts. Aperture with outer lip inclined nearly 35° to axis; columellar lip short and bearing typical Disco- tectus plait. Etymology.—Named for V.A. Zans, former Director of the Geological Survey of Jamaica and the first ge- ologist to provide details of the stratigraphic sequence of the St. Anns Great River Cretaceous inlier. Measurements.—Measurements of specimens from the type locality (locality 27) in the St. Anns Great River Formation of the St. Anns Great River inlier, Jamaica are given in Table 18. Discussion.—Discotectus zansi is known only from the type locality in the St. Anns Great River Formation of the St. Anns Great River inlier, Jamaica. Consid- erable variability in form and sculpture can be noted among the more than 150 specimens available for study (compare Pl. 13, figs. 3 and 5), but all show a constant ontogenetic pattern of decrease in width pro- portional to height through later growth stages. Con- sistency is also expressed in the subsutural spiral cord always being the strongest, but the total number of cords present on the whorls of the spire may range from 8 to 11. The presence or absence of secondary spiral cords varies from specimen to specimen, but, most commonly, a secondary spiral is present between the subsutural cord and the second primary cord (PI. 13, fig. 10). The two extremes of shell outline are well exem- plified by comparing figures 3 and 5 on Plate 13. Fig- ures 3 and 6 exemplify those specimens possessing a proportionally broader outline and a body whorl lack- ing, or with subdued, development of peripheral swell- ings near the aperture. The specimen shown in figure 5 on Plate 13 shows the extreme of the more slender morphotype, in which the collabral swellings of the periphery carry well onto the base (Pl. 13, fig. 4). Figure 9 on Plate 13 is an enlarged view of the body whorl of a paratype that shows the pronounced prosocline inclination of the growth lines relative to the shell axis. The sinuous trace of the growth lines and their accentuation over the crest of the spiral cords are well shown on the specimen shown in figures 7, 8, and 10 on Plate 13. Reduction in strength to loss of spiral cords and de- velopment of a direct, instead of wavy, trend in the growth lines are characteristic of areas of collabral swelling in later growth stages and are shown on the specimens figured on Plate 13, figures 5 and 9. Discotectus zansi is similar to several other species in the development of a swollen and rounded periph- ery on the body whorl. In this regard, and in having the subsutural spiral cord the strongest, it is similar to both D. barranquitasensis (described above) and D. marchmontensis (described below), but in neither of these species is there a development of collabral pe- ripheral swellings. In addition to other differences in sculpture, these other species lack the strong devel- opment of prominent and sinuous growth lines. Occurrence.—Jamaica: St. Anns Great River inlier, St. Anns Great River Formation at locality 27 (type locality). Age.—Late Campanian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468144; paratypes USNMNH 468145, 468146, 468147, 468148, 468149, 468150. Discotectus marchmontensis Sohl, new species Plate 14, figures 1—8; plate 17, figure 11 Diagnosis.—Shell moderately small, conical, with flat-sided whorls that bear six to seven spiral cords. Description.—Shell moderately small, conical, con- sisting of about six whorls. Spire evenly tapering; pleural angle 55° to 60°; protoconch poorly known, appears to consist of about one small rounded whorl; first two teloconch whorls rounded and transversely ribbed; later whorls flat sided and spirally sculptured; periphery sharply rounded; base broadly convex, but slightly excavated adjacent to pillar. Body and penul- timate whorls bear six to seven spiral cords; upper three cords stronger than lower cords and bear rect- angular nodes; nodes present, but poorly defined on lower cords. Prosoclinely inclined growth lines vari- ably developed but usually faint. Shell base covered 64 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Table 19.—Measurements for three specimens of Discotectus marchmontensis. Height of Maximum Height diameter body whorl Locality (mm) (mm) (mm) 52 4.4 4.0 2.0 52 5:3 4.8 2.1 43 4.6 4.1 2.0 by spiral cords that become stronger toward pillar; cords crossed by irregularly developed transverse swellings. Aperture somewhat wider than high; outer lip pro- soclinely inclined, thin at edge, thickening interiorly. Columella rounded above and forming round-bot- tomed excavation at junction with parietal surface; cal- lus may evanesce onto basal slope and be well mar- gined; strongly inclined plait occurs low on columella and extends diagonally into aperture, disclike plait thins at edge into aperture and extends out of aperture and overhangs basal lip; channel below plait continu- ous between columellar lip and basal lip. Etymology.—Named for the Marchmont inlier, Ja- maica. Measurements.—Measurements for three specimens are given in Table 19. The largest known specimen has a broken apex, measures 6.5 mm in diameter, and has a body whorl 2.4 mm in height. Discussion.—Discotectus marchmontensis is repre- sented in the collections under study by over 100 spec- imens from Titanosarcolites-bearing shales of the Marchmont inlier of Jamaica. The character of the ear- ly whorls is poorly known. Generally the apex is cor- roded, but a few specimens preserve traces of trans- verse ribs on the immediate post-nuclear whorls (PI. 14, fig. 8; Pl. 17, fig. 11). The first spiral element, the subsutural cord, appears when the whorls become flat sided. Discotectus marchmontensis possesses whorl sculp- ture similar to that of Denticulabrum duckettsensis, but the spiral elements of D. marchmontensis are closer spaced and usually more numerous. In addition, it dif- fers mainly in lacking both an expanded rounded pe- riphery on the later whorls and the apertural modifi- cation of Denticulabrum. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Central inlier, Guinea Corn Formation at locality 43; Maldon inlier, Summerhill Shale at locality 45; Marchmont inlier, ‘“Titanosarco- lites limestone”’ at localities 52 (type locality), 55, 57, 61, 63, and 64. Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468151; paratypes USNMNH 468152, 468153, 468154, 468155, 468156, 468157. Discotectus sp. Plate 9, figures 1-3, 5 Specimens that may be assigned with confidence to Discotectus, but that are otherwise too poorly pre- served to assign to a described species, have been found at a number of localities in both Puerto Rico and Jamaica. These specimens serve mainly as a rec- ord of the widespread nature of the genus through both the nearshore lagoonal facies and the shelfal shales. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Cayey quadrangle, Cuyon Formation at locality 1; Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation at locality 6 and Revés Member of the Pozas Formation at localities 10 and 12; Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo For- mation at locality 15; San German quadrangle, Cotui Limestone at locality 16, El Rayo Formation at localities 18, 20, and 21. Jamaica: Marchmont inlier, ““Titanosar- colites limestone” at localities 52 and 60; Lucea inlier, Georgia Complex at locality 68; Jerusalem Mountain in- lier, Thicket River Limestone Member of the Jerusalem Mountain Formation at localities 76 and 79. Age.—Early Campanian to Maastrichtian. Material.—Examined specimens: USNMNH 468112, 468113, 468114, 468115. Genus DENTICULABRUM Sohl, new genus Type species.—Denticulabrum laevigatum Sohl, new species. Diagnosis.—Shells small, conical; whorls of spire generally flat sided with subangulate periphery; body whorl with inflated and rounded periphery. Whorls bear strong, usually noded, subsutural cord; medial whorl surface with or without additional spiral cords. Shell base flattened below rounded peripheral slope and bearing spiral striae marginally and several raised and prominent cords near axis. Aperture wider than high with Discotectus-like columellar plait, spiral plait on parietal lip, up to five ridges on interior of outer lip, and several ridges on interior of basal lip. Etymology.—From the Latin denticulatus, having small teeth, and labrum, lip. Discussion.—The presence of a disclike plait situ- ated low on the columella and continuous, behind the apertural margin, with the basal lip, suggests that Den- ticulabrum was derived from Discotectus. Additional modifications of the aperture of Denticulabrum, in- cluding a spiral ridge on the parietal surface and mul- tiple ridges on the inner surface of the outer and basal lips, are features to be found in no species of Disco- tectus. A few species, like Discotectus barranquita- sensis, possess denticles on the inner surface of the CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 65 outer lip of the aperture, but these are true denticles and never become raised ridges that project well back inside the whorl. In addition, no species of Discotectus possesses a similar concentration of raised strong spi- ral cords on the shell base near the axis. Various combinations of nodes or teeth-like protu- berances upon one or several areas of the apertural margins are present in a number of other genera of the Trochidae. For example, in some species of Clanculus Montfort, 1810, the tooth at the base of the columella may prominently protrude into the aperture, and den- ticles may be present on the outer lip. The character of the columellar tooth is never disclike, however, and the shells have well-rounded whorls and are umbili- cate. Monodonta Lamarck, 1799, is another common form having a node or strong tooth at the base of the columella and various other teeth on the interior of the outer or basal lip. Like the tooth in Clanculus, the columellar tooth of Monodonta 1s not plaitlike, and the denticles are nodelike and not elongate, raised ridges. Similar differences apply to other trochids like Clan- culopsis Monterosato, 1879, and Macroclanculus Cot- ton and Godfrey, 1934, which have various modifica- tions of their apertures. Denticulabrum includes two species: D. laevigatum and D. duckettsensis, both occurring in the higher Up- per Cretaceous deposits of Jamaica. Although Denti- culabrum seems reasonably derived from a Discotec- tus ancestry, no Tertiary descendants are presently known. As discussed previously, Denticulabrum is but one example of a trend during the Campanian and Maastrichtian for the appearance of new and common- ly more complex morphologies among long-lived, but generally conservative, gastropod stocks in the Late Cretaceous of the Caribbean region. Denticulabrum laevigatum Sohl, new species Plate 15, figures 1—9; plate 16, figure 4 Diagnosis.—Small, trochiform shells with flat-sided early whorl profile; body whorl develops expanded, broadly rounded periphery. Subsutural and peripheral spiral cords separated by smooth shell surface on me- dial part of whorl. Description.—Shell small, trochiform, phanerom- phalous, composed of about six to seven whorls; pleu- ral angle of early whorls near 65°, decreasing to about 55° at maturity. Protoconch poorly known, but with rounded whorl; earliest teloconch with well-rounded whorl; subsequent whorls become flat sided to slightly concave; suture of body whorl impressed and slightly overhung by periphery of preceding whorl; penulti- mate and body whorl with upper concave profile lead- ing to inflated, subcarinate periphery. Sculpture of ear- liest whorls poorly known, but on first one and one- half teloconch whorls consists primarily of raised transverse ribs, narrower than their interspaces. Spiral sculpture dominates on later whorls; upper part of whorls with variably developed subsutural spiral cord, which may bear axially elongate rectangular nodes, is followed by smooth medial whorl area and then faint, low, spiral ribbon and cord immediately above suture; ribbon and cord form peripheral subangulation on lat- ter part of spire and body whorl. Shell base covered by fine, widely spaced spiral lirae that become strengthened to three or four raised, closely spaced spi- ral cords that disappear under callus deposits of aper- ture. Transverse sculpture limited to prosocline growth lines; lines obscure on whorl sides and inclined 38° to 40° to suture trace; lines more prominent on base, slightly sinuous in trend, and may produce low nodes as they override coarser spiral elements. Aperture wider than high; inner lip short, parietal surface with thin callus bears one round-topped, spiral ridge that increases in elevation and strength as it trends into aperture; surface concavely excavated be- tween parietal ridge and obliquely inclined disclike plait of lower columellar lip; plait extends laterally into aperture and forward out of aperture over basal lip; base of plait concavely rounded below where it merges with basal lip. Basal lip slightly sinuous, in- ternally bears two strong, raised, round-topped, spiral ridges that extend 4 to 5 mm into shell interior and are placed equidistant between edge of columellar pli- cation and periphery. Outer lip prosocline and sharp, but thickening abruptly within; lip bears four internal ridges that begin behind lip edge; first and broadest and strongest ridge occurs near junction with parietal lip and becomes bidentate at its crest, forming two internal ridges; second spiral ridge strong and round topped, but of lesser strength than first ridge; third and fourth ridges weaker and, although round crested near aperture, become sharp crested internally; fourth ridge positioned near, but above junction of outer and basal lips. Etymology.—From the Latin laevigatus, smooth or slippery, referring to the lack of sculpture on the whorls of the spire below the subsutural cord. Measurements.—Measurements for six specimens are given in Table 20. Discussion.—Denticulabrum laevigatum is _repre- sented in the collections by over 300 specimens from various Upper Cretaceous localities in Jamaica. Only a modest amount of variation in shape or sculpture is present among the available material. On some spec- imens (PI. 15, fig. 3), there is only a barely discernible subsutural spiral swelling, whereas, on others, a well- defined noded ribbon is present (PI. 15, fig. 4). Simi- larly, the strength of noding upon this spiral ribbon 66 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Table 20.—Measurements for six specimens of Denticulabrum laevigatum. Maximum Height of Height diameter body whorl Locality (mm) (mm) (mm) 59 6.4 6.5 DI 61 5.6 5.9 2.4 59 4.3 4.7 19) 64 6.5 7.0 2.6 64 4.3 5.0 1.8 58 4.1 379) ils) Table 21.—Measurements for six specimens of Denticulabrum duckettsensis. Maximum Height diameter Locality (mm) (mm) H:MD 58 4.5 5:3 0.85 51 4.8 Sez 0.92 58 5.1 hi/ 0.89 51 5.1 5.8 0.88 51 5.4 6.2 0.87 58 6.0 al 0.84 varies between specimens and even between whorls upon the same shell. Differences in definition of sculp- ture among the available specimens are also a function of wear and state of preservation of the specimen. Fig- ure 8 on Plate 15 shows a specimen on which the sculpture of the base of the shell is obliterated by cor- rosion over part of the surface and contrasts strongly with the well-defined spiral and transverse elements present on the specimens shown in figures 6 and 7 on Plate 15. Many of the specimens that retain most of the apex show loss of the protoconch and some solution of the shell surface, but a few show the dominant transverse ribbing of the early whorls (PI. 15, figs. 1,9). The in- terior ridges of the outer and basal lips begin several millimeters behind the lip edge (PI. 15, figs. 5,8; PI. 16, fig. 4) and continue well into the shell (Pl. 15, fig. 8). Development of the parietal spiral ridge also ap- pears to be a late-stage development (Pl. 15, fig. 5). Denticulabrum laevigatum differs from D. duckett- sensis in lacking pronounced development of spiral cords over much of the whorl sides. In addition, the columellar plication of D. laevigatum is more massive (contrast figures 4 and 5 on Plate 16), and the upper tooth of the outer lip becomes bidentate. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Central inlier, Slippery Rock Formation at locality 30 and Guinea Corn For- mation at locality 35; Maldon inlier, Shaw Castle Shale at localities 46 and 47; Marchmont inlier, ““Titanosar- colites limestone”’ at localities 48, 51, 53, 56, 58, 59 (type locality), 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, and 65. Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468158; paratypes USNMNH 468159, 468160, 468161, 468162, 468163, 468164, 468165. Denticulabrum duckettsensis Sohl, new species Plate 16, figures 1—3, 5, 6; plate 17, figures 1-10 Diagnosis.—Shell small, trochiform; early whorls flat sided, body whorl with expanded and rounded pe- riphery. Spiral sculpture usually consists of five noded spiral cords on whorls of spire; subsutural spiral most prominent. Description.—Shell, moderately small, trochiform; protoconch poorly known, but small; earliest two to three teloconch whorls rounded, subsequent several whorls with flat sides, whorls of latest growth stages with concave upper whorl profile that grades to inflat- ed and rounded periphery. Pleural angle 63° to 67° on early parts of shell and 56° to 58° at maturity. Sculp- ture of earliest teloconch consists of transverse ribs; subsequent whorl sculpture dominated by spiral ele- ments consisting of four spiral cords on early whorls and five to seven cords on later whorls; subsutural cord strongest, may become spiral ribbon raised above slightly grooved suture; subsutural cord commonly well separated from second cord; second to fifth cords of nearly equal strength that become progressively closer spaced toward smooth periphery; periphery abruptly rounds down to base; base bears fine spiral striae near periphery and three or four raised cords near axis. Spiral cords on whorl sides bear closely spaced, collabrally directed, subrectangular nodes; nodes strongest on subsutural cord and more variably developed on subsequent spiral cords. Aperture wider than high; inner lip callus extending slightly onto basal surface; columellar lip short, thick, and bearing elongate, disclike plication; plication ex- tends laterally and obliquely into aperture, but forward edge protrudes out of aperture, thus overhanging basal lip above, but merges with basal lip below; outer lip prosocline, sharp edged, thickening interiorly, where it bears five elevated ridges extending into shell interior; ridges decrease in strength anteriorly; basal lip sinuous and interiorly bearing two raised, coarse nodes that extend into shell with decreasing strength. Etymology.—Named for the type locality near Ducketts Crossroads, Marchmont inlier, Jamaica. Measurements.—Measurements for six specimens are given in Table 21. Discussion.—Over 200 specimens from 17 localities in shales of the Titanosarcolites-bearing beds of the Upper Cretaceous of Jamaica are available for study. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 67 In possession of an inflated whorl periphery and in general character of the aperture, Denticulabrum duck- ettsensis is similar to D. laevigatum, but differs most pronouncedly in the presence of the cords that cover the whorl sides and presence of a bifid spiral ridge high on the interior surface of the outer lip. In general form of sculpture and whorl shape, young specimens of D. duckettsensis are similar to those of Discotectus marchmontensis, but early shell develop- ment differs (contrast figures 9 and 11 on Plate 17). In addition, D. marchmontensis lacks an_ inflated rounded periphery of the whorls at maturity. Figures 1, 4, 6, and 7 on Plate 17 show a consistent pattern of the subsutural spiral cord being the strong- est. The apparent close spacing of the spiral cords seen on figure 3 of Plate 17 is an artifact of perspective, as the whorls of the mature shell develop a concave upper whorl profile. The true spacing of the spiral cords is well shown on the specimens representing earlier growth stages such as that shown on Plate 17, figure 1. Variation in the strength of sculpture among the specimens figured is mainly a function of state of pres- ervation. The interruption in trend of the spiral sculp- ture on the body and penultimate whorls of the spec- imen shown in figure 7 on Plate 17 was caused by shell damage and subsequent repair. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Central inlier, Guinea Corn Formation at localities 31, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, and 42; Maldon inlier, Shaw Castle Shale at locality 46; Marchmont inlier, “‘Titanosarcolites limestone” at localities 48, 49, 51 (type locality), 54, 55, 58, and 61. Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468166; paratypes USNMNH 468167, 468168, 468169, 468170, 468171, 468172, 468173, 468174, 468175, 468176. Genus STEGNOSTOMELLA Sohl, new genus Type species.—Stegnostomella haughtonensis Sohl, new species. Diagnosis.—Shell moderately small, thick, trochi- form, anomphalous; early whorls gently convex, fol- lowed by whorls that round down to an angulate junc- tion with concavely flat base. Whorl sides with strong, raised, nodose to spinose spiral cords; base with fine spiral lirae crossed by adaperturally concave growth lines on early whorls that become spinose cords at ma- turity. Early stage aperture highly inclined, much wider than high, columella short and twisted at base. Final aperture arcuately lenticular in outline, so inclined to axis that it virtually faces downward; aperture con- stricted by curved, protruding, and downturned colu- mellar plication; plication continuous with basal lip; nodes and ridges present on final parietal surface; thick callus extends out of aperture and over most of con- cave base of body whorl. Etymology.—From the Greek stegnos, constricted, and stoma, peristome. Discussion.—Stegnostomella is known only from the type species that occurs in the upper Campanian deposits of Jamaica. The character of the final aperture is so distinctive, however, that generic separation is warranted. The conical form, concavely flat base, and highly inclined aperture are consistent with assignment to the Trochini. The basal liplike downturned ridge of the aperture seems to mimic the low columellar disc of Discotectus. Thus, one might postulate derivation of Stegnostomel- la from a Discotectus ancestry. Unfortunately, knowl- edge of the early growth stage of the type species is incomplete, but what can be seen is that the base of the columella of the earlier stages appears to be some- what twisted, more in the manner of Tectus than Dis- cotectus. Stegnostomella haughtonensis Sohl, new species Plate 18, figures 1-11 Diagnosis.—Stegnostomella whose whorls bear six nodose to spinose spiral cords. Description.—Shell characters same as for generic diagnosis. During growth, sides increase in degree of rounding, sutures become more deeply impressed, and pleural angle increases. Whorls bear six raised, round- topped spiral cords; nodes of variable strength on cord crests show tendency for development of subspinose elevation at adapertural ends; on later part of penulti- mate whorl and on body whorl, adaperturally directed, hollow spines develop on sixth or lowest cord. Spiral lirae on early whorls of concave shell base replaced by spinose spiral cords on body whorl. Transverse sculpture restricted to fine, collabral, highly inclined, prosocline growth lines on whorl sides that continue with arcuate trend over the base. Aperture of early growth stages poorly known, wider than high, and len- ticular; columellar lip short and slightly twisted at base. Final aperture highly modified by callus deposits on margin, becoming virtually directed downward; callus extends out of aperture and almost completely covers base of body whorl; basal lip of aperture ex- tends out of aperture as strong, round-topped ridge with downturned edge; junction of basal lip and outer lip in round-based channel; outer lip rounded, poste- riorly terminating in groove; parietal wall with raised node near junction with outer lip; laterally, node grades to arcuate raised ridge over parietal wall ex- tending beyond apertural margin onto shell base. Etymology.—Named for Haughton Hall, Green Is- 68 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 Table 22.—Measurements of specimens of Stegnostomella haugh- tonensis from the Green Island inlier of Jamaica, most of which are missing a portion of the apex. Height Maximum diameter (mm) (mm) 72 10.5 9.8+ 10.1 8.6+ 10.6 is) 8.3 8.5+ 9.1 land inlier, Jamaica, near the type locality of the spe- cies. Measurements.—Measurements of specimens from the Green Island inlier of Jamaica are given in Table 22. Most of these specimens are missing a portion of the apex. Discussion.—Shells of Stegnostomella haughtonen- sis are especially common in the rubbly shales asso- ciated with the rudist-rich limestone of the Green Is- land Formation of the Green Island inlier of Jamaica. The more than 150 available specimens have all been replaced by crystalline calcite. A number of specimens show partial exfoliation of the outer shell layer sepa- rating it from a smooth-surfaced inner layer showing no reflection of the spiral cords of the shell surface. This inner shell layer is interpreted as the nacreous shell layer common to many trochaceans. Development of spines on the spiral cords of the whorl sides and base is most consistent on the sixth or lowermost cord (Pl. 18, fig. 3). Spines become es- pecially pronounced on the body whorl near the ap- erture (Pl. 18, fig. 1), where they may be inclined down below the plane of the whorl base. The close, almost imbricate spacing of the spines on the cords of the whorl base is wel] displayed on Plate 18, figure 8, where parts of the covering callus deposits have been spalled. Plate 18, figures 4-11, show some of the phases in development of the final aperture. On younger shells, before formation of the apertural modifications, the base of the shell is covered by fine spiral lirae that are crossed by arcuate growth lines (PI. 18, fig. 5). At this stage, the aperture lacks significant parietal callus. At early maturity, the callus ridge at the base of the ap- erture is a thick, raised, arcuate lip (Pl. 18, fig. 6). Subsequently, the ridge is extended laterally across the base toward the outer lip (PI. 18, figs. 7, 8), where the margin curves and forms the raised margin of a chan- nel between the basal and outer lips (Pl. 18, figs. 7— 9). Thickening and increased elevation of the callus ridge accompany the lateral growth, resulting in a broad downturned lip that extends out of the aperture (ls ies): Posteriorly, over the parietal surface of the base and margining the aperture, there is another elongate ridge. Initially (Pl. 18, fig. 8), this ridge begins near the junc- tion of the outer lip and parietal surface and extends laterally across the latter surface. Toward the aperture, it is bounded by an elongate groove in the callus sur- face (Pl. 18, fig. 6). During later stages, the end of this ridge that lies toward the outer lip develops into a raised knob that bounds a posterior channel of the ap- erture (Pl. 18, figs. 9, 10, and posteriorly directed ar- row of fig. 11). The concave, callus-covered base of the mature shell provides a broad surface amenable for clinging to a hard substrate. In essence, the inclination of the aperture to the growth axis has converted the trochiform shape of the early shell to a patelliform outline at maturity. The recessed position of the aperture on the con- cave, callus-covered surface of the base, coupled with the confining marginal ridges that are directed down- ward, and the spinose basal periphery are similar to many of the characters seen in the shells of the Xen- ophoridae (Linsley and Yochelson, 1973). The chan- nels formed by the lateral edges of the basal and pa- rietal ridges may have served to direct inhalent and exhalent currents (arrows on Pl. 18, fig. 11). The com- bination of these shell characters—spinose basal pe- riphery, concave base, orientation of the aperture— suggests that Stegnostomella may, like Xenophora, have been a deposit feeder. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Sunderland inlier, Stapleton Formation at locality 44; Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation at localities 69 (type locality), 71, 72, 74, and 75. Age.—Late Campanian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468175; paratypes USNMNH 468176, 468177, 468178, 468179, 468180, 468181, 468182, 468183. Genus TECTUS Montfort, 1810 Type species.—By original designation, Trochus mauritanus Gmelin, 1791. Discussion.—Wenz (1938) and Keen and Cox (in Knight et al., 1960, p. 1260) both included Cardinalia Gray, 1847, and Rochia Gray, 1857, as subgenera of Tectus. Cossmann (1918) considered Tectus as an un- divided genus and placed Rochia and Cardinalia as subgenera of Trochus. Tectus (Tectus), as it was di- agnosed by Keen and Cox (in Knight et al., 1960, p. 1260), is restricted to higher than wide, anomphalous shells that have a smooth base, a columellar plication, and axial folds on the whorls of the spire. If their def- inition is accepted, most of the fossil species and many of the recent species currently assigned to Tectus s.s. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 69 are excluded because of the presence of spiral rather than axial sculpture on the spire or on the shell base. Both Wenz (1938) and Cossmann (1918) viewed Tectus broadly. They allowed greater latitude in type of sculpture than Keen and Cox (in Knight et al., 1960, p. 1260) and emphasized the unifying character of hav- ing a short columella that bears a twisted plait at its base. This plait is followed below by a notch that sep- arates the basal lip. Within this broader definition, the shells described below are assigned to Tectus. In general form and sculpture, Tectus shows simi- larities to Discotectus, especially to those species hav- ing an angulate periphery and flattened base. The col- umellar plait of Discotectus is a more complicated structure whose free end extends well into the aperture and whose disclike edge also protrudes forward out of the aperture and over the shell base. In Tectus, the plait is related to the twisting of the anterior part of the short columella. Tectus has been cited by most authorities as ranging from the Cretaceous to the present. Stoliczka (1868) and Cossmann (1918) provided listings of Cretaceous species that they considered assignable to Tectus; these listings include some that occur as early as the Valan- ginian and range upward to the Maastrichtian. More recently, Olsson (1944), Allison (1955), and others added additional taxa. Unfortunately, many of the spe- cies are based upon material that preserves the aper- tural characters insufficiently well for confident place- ment. Until the type material of such species can be critically reexamined or until better preserved material can be found, a definitive answer as to the earliest occurrence of the genus must remain in doubt. The living species of Tectus are confined to the warmer waters of the western Indo-Pacific area. The Cretaceous Caribbean species described below were also inhabitants of warm, shallow marine environ- ments. Other Cretaceous species have been described from Baja California, Peru, southern India, the Middle East, and various parts of Europe. Tectus revesensis Sohl, new species Plate 18, figures 12-18 Diagnosis.—Whorls bear four noded spiral cords; subsutural cord bears strongest nodes. Description.—Shell moderately small, conical, higher than wide, anomphalous. Pleural angle about 45° on early parts of shell, increasing to 54° at matu- rity. Early whorls with flat sides above a sharply an- gulate periphery; later whorls slightly concave be- tween grooved suture and midwhorl, then expanding to angulate periphery. Base smooth, flat, and adapi- cally inclined on early whorls, but becoming virtually horizontal to axis on body whorl except for narrow excavated area bordering pillar. Whorls bear four ele- vated, noded and round-topped spiral cords; cords nar- rower than spiral interspaces; adapical cord margins suture and bears strongly raised, discrete nodes that are stronger and more widely spaced than nodes on following spirals; fourth spiral only weakly noded and forms peripheral whorl angulation. Aperture wider than high, outer lip prosoclinely inclined at low angle to axis; parietal surface broadly arched and abruptly rounding to short columella; columellar lip concave, terminating anteriorly in short, but pronounced plica- tion; basal lip very gently convex, but sharply round- ing interiorly at junction with outer lip. Etymology.—Named for its occurrence in the Revés Member of the Pozas Formation. Measurements.—All the available specimens are in- complete. The largest shells only slightly exceed 10 mm in height and are about 9.5 mm in diameter. Discussion.—Twenty-two specimens, all from the Revés Member of the Pozas Formation in the Barran- quitas quadrangle of Puerto Rico, are available for study. The presence on the whorl sides of only four spiral cords and the suppression of noding on the fourth or peripheral cord are characters not found in the other species of Tectus described herein. Tectus berryhilli is the most similar species in form and sculp- ture, but possesses five instead of four spiral cords on the whorl sides, is more slender, and has a less inflated periphery. Variation in strength of sculpture among the specimens illustrated on Plate 18 is mainly a function of specimen preservation, but variation in shape of the nodes is a function of ontogenetic stage. With in- creased growth, the nodes upon the spiral cords tend to become spirally elongate. This feature is especially pronounced on the subsutural spiral, and, there, such elongation and increased spacing of nodes may appear at an early stage of development (PI. 18, fig. 18). The change in whorl profile with growth is well shown in the specimen figured on Plate 18, figures 15 and 17, which depicts the change from flat-sided early whorls to the late stage development of an expanded periph- ery that overhangs the subsequent whorl. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Barranquitas quadran- gle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation at locali- ties 11 and 12 (type locality). Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468184; paratypes USNMNH 468185, 468186, 468187. Tectus berryhilli Sohl, new species Plate 19, figures 1, 2 Diagnosis.—Whortrls bear five closely spaced, noded spiral cords, with peripheral cord being strongest. Description.—Shell moderately small, slightly coe- 70 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 loconoid, higher than wide, and anomphalous. Pleural angle about 37° on early whorls, increasing to 42° at maturity. Suture incised, whorl sides virtually flat, pe- riphery angulate; base concavely rounded between pe- riphery and midlength, central area flattened, becom- ing steeply inclined or excavated adapically marginal to pillar. Whorl sides bear five noded and raised spiral cords; cords wider than interspaces; first cord abuts suture; fifth and most prominent cord situated at whorl periphery, has suppressed noding. Base bears a few, faint, widely spaced spiral threads and arcuate growth lines. Aperture incompletely known; columellar lip ex- cavated and bearing plication at base. Etymology.—Named for Henry L. Berryhill, Jr., who mapped the geology of the Central Aguirre quad- rangle wherein the type locality of the species occurs. Measurements.—The holotype (USNMNH 468188), from locality 2 in the Coamo Formation of the Central Aguirre quadrangle of south-central Puerto Rico, is in- complete, lacking the extreme apical tip. As preserved, the specimen measures 9.1 mm in height and 8.2 mm in diameter and has a body whorl 2.6 mm high. Discussion.—Only three specimens of Tectus ber- ryhilli are known, and none has a complete aperture, but the concave nature of the base, the excavated area contiguous to the pillar, and the short columella are all consistent with placement in Tectus. The presence of only five spiral cords on the whorls is sufficient to distinguish 7. berryhilli from the other described forms. In addition, T. revesensis has wider spaced spi- ral cords, has a less concave base, and is proportionally broader. Tectus kauffmani (described below) has more numerous spiral cords on the whorls and lacks distinct noding of those cords. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Central Aguirre quad- rangle, Coamo Formation at locality 2 (type locality). Age.—Maastrichtian. Type.—Holotype USNMNH 468188. Tectus kauffmani Sohl, new species Plate 19, figures 8, 11-13 Diagnosis.—Conical shells with concave shell base; whorls bear six primary spiral cords. Description.—Shell, medium size, conical, higher than wide, and anomphalous. Pleural angle about 52°. Suture incised; whorls with very narrow inclined sub- sutural ramp, followed by flat sides that terminate in angulate periphery that slightly overhangs subsequent whorl. Shell base flatly concave, slightly excavated ad- jacent to pillar. Whorl sides bear six raised, round- topped spiral cords; faint secondary cord may occur between suture and first primary cord; upper three pri- mary cords closely spaced and narrower than lower three cords; lower two cords closely spaced, and low- est, or sixth, primary cord situated at shell periphery; prosocline growth lines inclined about 30° to sutural plane; growth lines form prosoclinely elongate, low swellings where they override spiral cords, but are thin threads in cord interspaces. Shell base most noticeably marked by six or seven narrow, widely spaced, incised spiral grooves on inner one-half of surface; growth lines faint and arcuate in trace. Aperture incompletely known, subrectangular and wider than high; outer lip inclined; parietal surface junction with columella sharply subrounded; columella, short, inclined, curved, and terminating anteriorly in a short plait, followed by a shallow notch; basal lip thin, straight, junction with outer lip angulate. Etymology.—Named for Erle G. Kauffman in rec- ognition of his many contributions to Cretaceous stra- tigraphy and paleontology. Measurements.—All specimens are from the Green Island Formation of western Jamaica and are incom- plete. The holotype (USNMNH 468189) measures 13.5 mm in diameter and 4.0 mm in body whorl height and has an estimated shell height of 16 mm. Discussion.—The combination of larger size, great- er number of spiral cords, and subdued character of noding of the spiral cords readily distinguishes Tectus kauffmani from T. berryhilli and T. revesensis. In ad- dition, T. kauffmani occurs within the range of Bar- rettia gigas, at a lower stratigraphic level than the oth- er two species. The lower two spiral cords of the whorl sides form a couplet on the early whorls. In early stages of de- velopment, they appear to be joined as subdivisions of a raised spiral ribbon and are separated only by a spiral groove. On later whorls, separation of the two cords becomes more distinct, with the peripheral, or lowest, cord being the more weakly developed. The holotype (Pl. 19, fig. 8) shows no evidence of development of secondary spiral cords, but one paratype (Pl. 19, fig. 13) shows intermittent presence of a faint cord placed between the suture and the first subsutural primary spi- ral cord. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation at localities 71 (type locality) and 72. Age.—Late Campanian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468189; paratype USNMNH 468190. Tectus sp. A Plate 19, figures 3—7, 9, 10 Discussion.—Several comparatively large speci- mens from limestones within the El Rayo Formation of the Sabana Grande quadrangle of southwestern Puerto Rico (locality 14) indicate the presence of an undescribed species of Tectus. Unfortunately, their CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 71 condition of preservation is insufficient to provide a firm basis for formal specific designation. They are the largest species of Tectus present in the Late Cretaceous materials dealt with here. The speci- men shown on Plate 19, figure 10, measures 27 mm in diameter and more than 23 mm in height; the apical tip is incomplete. Only faint traces of spiral sculpture are present on the whorl sides (Pl. 19, figs. 6, 7) and consist of six to seven spiral cords that bear low, wide- ly spaced nodes. The most persistently preserved spiral element is a cord at the angulate basal periphery of the whorls. The base of the shell is concave with a flat, adapically inclined surface that bears traces of round-topped, widely spaced spiral cords (Pl. 19, fig. 9). The basal surface is excavated adjacent to the pillar. The aperture is much wider than high (PI. 19, fig. 5). The columella is posteriorly excavated and thickens anteriorly to a terminal plaitlike swelling that is fol- lowed by a notch at the junction with the basal lip. The above-mentioned features are consistent with as- signment to Tectus, but the condition of the specimens precludes close comparison with other described spe- cies. In general form, it differs significantly in both size and its proportionally lower shell from the other Antillean species here described. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Sabana Grande quad- rangle, El] Rayo Formation at locality 14. Age.—Maastrichtian. Material.—Figured specimens USNMNH 468191, 468192, 468193, 468194. Tectus variegatus Sohl, new species Plate 20, figures 1-14 Diagnosis.—Whorls lacking spiral sculpture; pe- ripheral angulation is sharp and overhangs subsequent whorls in late growth stages. Description.—Shell conical, moderately small, higher than wide and consisting of about 12 or 13 whorls. Early whorls form flat-sided cone with pleural angle of about 40°. Later whorls expand more rapidly, pleural angle increases to 50°, and sharp peripheral an- gulation develops that overhangs subsequent whorl. With development of peripheral angulation, whorl side profile may become concave. Base flat to very gently convex over outer one-half of surface, then increas- ingly rounding down to deep excavation adjacent to pillar. Whorl sides and base devoid of sculpture. Ap- erture wider than high, sublenticular; outer lip thin, sharply angled at junction with basal lip; basal lip broadly curved, continuous with twist at base of short columellar lip. Etymology.—From the Latin variegatus, of different sorts, referring to the variability in outline. Measurements.—Most specimens are missing the Table 23.—Measurements for well-preserved specimens of Tectus variegatus. Most specimens are missing the apex or are slightly compressed. Maximum Height diameter Locality (mm) (mm) H:MD 51 9.5+ 7.8 —_ 52 12.0 8.5 1.4 52 12.5 8.6 1.4 41 13+ Oy) — 52 10+ 8.4 — apex or are slightly compressed. Measurements for the best preserved specimens are given in Table 23. Larger specimens than those measured are known but are in- complete. The largest of these exceeds 15 mm in height and 12 mm in maximum diameter. Discussion.—Tectus variegatus is the best repre- sented of the species of Tectus occurring in the Upper Cretaceous of the Antillean region. Over 150 speci- mens have been collected from 11 localities within the Central and Marchmont inliers of Jamaica. The species is readily distinguished from the other Caribbean spe- cies described herein in lacking pronounced spiral sculpture. In this character, it is atypical of the genus, but the presence of a twist or fold low on the columella is diagnostic (Pl. 20, figs. 7, 8, 12, 14). Tectus tamu- licus Stoliczka, 1868, from the Arialoor Group of In- dia, approaches this species in its lack of sculpture but differs in being broader relative to height and in hav- ing a curved columellar lip. The early growth stages of 7. variegatus possess whorls having flat sides and a barely impressed suture that results in a slender, evenly tapering, conical form (Pl. 20, figs. 5 and 10). In later stages, the shell be- comes proportionally broader as an angulate periphery develops (Pl. 20, figs. 2, 4, 11). The point at which the peripheral angulation develops varies greatly be- tween specimens as is shown among the specimens figured on Plate 20. In general, such an angulate pe- riphery develops earlier on the proportionally broader shells. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Central inlier, Guinea Corn Formation at localities 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, and 41; Marchmont inlier, ‘‘Titanosarcolites limestone” at lo- calities 51 (type locality), 52, 54, and 58. Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468195; paratypes USNMNH 468196, 468197, 468198, 468199, 468200, 468201, 468202, 468203, 468204. Tectus sp. Discussion.—Specifically indeterminate specimens of Tectus occur at a number of localities in Upper Cre- 72 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 taceous rocks of both Puerto Rico and Jamaica. These records not only extend the geographic range of the genus on the two islands, but also extend the strati- graphic range to include both the Santonian (locality 13) and youngest fossiliferous Cretaceous deposits (lo- calities 77 and 79). Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Central Aguirre quad- rangle, Coamo Formation at locality 3; Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation at localities 8 and 9; Orocovis quadrangle, Rio Bauta Member of the Pozas Formation at locality 13; San German quadrangle, El Rayo Formation at locality 21. Jamaica: Central inlier, Guinea Corn Formation at lo- calities 35 and 43; Marchmont inlier, *““Titanosarcolites limestone”’ at locality 64; Jerusalem Mountain inlier, Thicket River Limestone Member of the Jerusalem Mountain Formation at localities 77 and 79. Tribe CANTHARIDINI Cotton, 1959 Genus JUJUBINUS Monterosato, 1884 Type species.—By subsequent designation (Pilsbry, 1889), Trochus matoni Payraudeau, 1827. Diagnosis.—Shell small, turbiniform, with marked basal periphery and small columellar tooth. Discussion.—Cretaceous shells assigned to this ge- nus are few. Cossmann (1918, p. 291) placed Tectus junceus Stoliczka, 1868, from the Arialoor Group of southern India, in Jujubinus, and Abbass (1963) added Jujubinus (Jujubinus) roashensis from Cenomanian deposits at Abu Roash, Egypt. If better known, other Cretaceous species may prove to belong in this group, but such assignment must await further investigation. Jujubinus botijasensis Sohl, new species Plate 21, figures 8-14 Diagnosis.—Jujubinus with subangulate basal pe- riphery and fine, incised spiral grooves covering whorl sides and base. Description.—Shell small, anomphalous, turbini- form. Pleural angle near 85° on earliest whorls, de- creases with growth to 50° at maturity. Suture incised. Whorls slightly concave over upper part, but broadly and convexly rounded below to suture; body whorl with rounded periphery; basal periphery roundly an- gulate; base broadly convex. Sculpture consists of mi- croscopic, incised spiral lines with broader interspaces covering whorl sides and base; growth lines faint, pro- socline, inclined about 55° from trace of suture. Ap- erture interrupted, subovate in outline; outer lip broad- ly rounded, thickened internally with four spiral ridges arising about one-eighth volution behind lip edge; in- ner lip broadly concave; columella rather direct, with low node at midlength. Etymology.—Named for the village of Botijas in Barrio Botijas, Municipio de Barranquitas, Puerto Rico. Measurements.—The holotype (USNMNH 468205) measures 5.8 mm in height and 4.8 mm in maximum diameter. The largest specimen, a paratype (USNMNH 468206), measures 8.0 mm in height and 5.2 mm in maximum diameter. Discussion.—Jujubinus botijasensis is common, but restricted in occurrence to localities 4 and 5, in the Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation of Puerto Rico. The species occurs in the matrix of a rubbly limestone and is associated with abundant spec- imens of the bivalve Plicatula and the neritid gastro- pod Pileolus. The subdued nature of the spiral sculpture of J. bot- iasensis (Pl. 21, fig. 14) is somewhat atypical com- pared to that of the type and most living species but is similar to that of such fossil species as J. (J.) roash- ensis Abbass, 1963, from the Cenomanian of Egypt. These spirals consist of fine incised lines that are much narrower than their spiral interspaces (PI. 21, fig. 13). The ridges formed on the interior surface of the outer lip (Pl. 21, fig. 9) begin about 1 mm behind the ap- ertural margin and die out internally after about one- quarter of a whorl. Presence or absence of such ridges seems to be a variable feature among other species assigned to the genera of the Cantharidini. Occurrence.—Puerto Rico: Barranquitas quadran- gle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Forma- tion at localities 4 (type locality) and 5. Age.—Late Campanian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468205; paratypes USNMNH 468206, 468207, 468208. Subfamily SOLARIELLINAE Powell, 1951 Genus SOLARIELLA Wood, 1842 Type species.—By monotypy, Solariella maculata Wood, 1842. Diagnosis.—Shell small, turbiniform, whorls round- ed; umbilicus broad, deep and margined by noded spi- ral cord; aperture nearly radial. Discussion.—The number of Cretaceous species as- signed to Solariella is not great, but the species range from the Barremian through the Maastrichtian, as fol- lows: Eumargarita (Solariella) wassyencis Gillet, 1921, Barremian, France; Solariella pellati Cossmann, 1900, Barremian, France; Solariella belsfayensis Delpey, 1939, Aptian, Lebanon; Eumargarita (Solariella) douvillei Cossmann, 1918, Albian, Egypt; Solariella stewarti Murphy and Rodda, 1960, Albian, California; Margarita (Solariella) newberryi Cragin, 1894, Albian, Kansas; Solariella tarfayensis Collignon, 1972, Albian, Morocco; Solariella radiatula occidentalis Whiteaves, 1903, Upper Cretaceous, British Columbia; CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 73 Solariella strangulata Stoliczka, 1868, Cenomanian, India; Solariella turonica Cossmann, 1896, Turonian, France; Solariella belestensis Delpey, 1942, Maastrichtian, France; Solariella antonibensis Collignon, 1949, Maastrichtian, Madagascar. In addition, various authors have assigned Creta- ceous species originally described under such names as Trochus, Margarita, and others to Solarielia. The common denominator in assigning all these species to Solariella is the presence of an umbilicus margined by a spiral row of nodes. The list includes forms with spires that range from low to high. Sculpture patterns range from smooth species to those having numerous spiral cords, some of which are noded. The apertural features for many species are poorly known, and much further study is needed before all the species can be confidently placed. A similar spec- trum of morphologies is shown, however, among the species assigned to Solariella from the Eocene of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coast (Palmer, 1937). It is in this broad sense of Solariella that the species described below is assigned to the genus. Solariella marchmontensis Sohl, new species Plate 21, figures 1—7 Diagnosis.—Shell small, wider than high, whorls with excavated subsutural ramp and well-rounded sides that bear very fine spiral threads. Description.—Shell small, consisting of about five whorls; pleural angle about 95°; protoconch small, rounded, and less than one whorl. Initial whorl round sided for about three-quarters of a turn, then devel- oping narrow, flattened, adaxially inclined ramp be- tween suture and angulate shoulder; whorl side round- ed below angulation; subsutural ramp may be lost on last one-half whorl of body. Rounded base terminated by noded spiral welt that bounds broad and open um- bilicus; umbilical wall bears spiral cord that terminates at about midpoint of inner lip of aperture. Sculpture consists of fine spiral lines that shown faint nodes on earliest whorls but not on later whorls; growth lines faint and slightly prosocline. Aperture incompletely known, outer lip rounded or flattened posteriorly at junction with subsutural ramp; inner lip arcuate, slightly thickened at base of colu- mella in conjunction with terminus of umbilical spiral welt. Etymology.—Named for the town of Marchmont, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Measurements.—The holotype (USNMNH 468209) measures 8.0 mm in diameter and 6.3 mm in height; a paratype (USNMNH 468210) is 9.0 mm in diameter and 6.3 mm in height. Discussion.—Solariella marchmontensis is known from 19 specimens, all occurring in a lagoonal, muddy calcarenite unit at the type locality (locality 65, Text- fig. 20) northwest of Marchmont, Westmoreland Par- ish, Jamaica. The presence of the excavated subsutural ramp (PI. 21, fig. 3), coupled with the presence of only very faint spiral sculpture (PI. 21, fig. 4), separates this species from all other Cretaceous forms described as Solariella. In general form, S. marchmontensis is sim- ilar to some species described as Calliomphalus from Campanian and Maastrichtian units of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain, especially Calliomphalus (Calliomphalus) nudus Sohl, 1960. All members of that species group, however, possess transverse ribs on the early whorls that, on later whorls, give way to noded spirals on the subsutural ramp and at the shoul- der. As shown on Plate 21, figure 6, the initial whorls of S. marchmontensis bear only spiral elements. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Marchmont inlier, ‘“Titano- sarcolites limestone” at locality 65 (type locality). Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468209; paratypes USNMNH 468210, 468211, 468212, 468213. Subfamily UMBONIINAE Adams and Adams, 1854 As viewed by Hickman and McLean (1990), the verifiable fossil record of the Umboniinae is mainly Tertiary, but they did cite Trochus grayi Lees, 1928, from the Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Oman, as a possible member of the tribe Umboniini. The species described below is further indication of Cretaceous derivation of the group. Tribe MONILEINI Hickman and McLean, 1990 Genus CAMITIA Adams and Adams, 1854 Type species.—By original designation, Camitia pulcherrima Adams and Adams, 1854. Diagnosis.—Shell small, spire depressed; aperture transverse, columella anteriorly produced to a lamellar projection; umbilicus covered by callus. Discussion.—Because of the distinctive character of the columellar projection Camitia usually has been classified as a subgenus of Clanculus Montfort, 1810, within the Trochinae. Hickman and McLean (1990, p. 35) have, on other considerations, placed the genus in the Monileini. Subgenus MICATIA Sohl, new subgenus Type species.—Camitia (Micatia) plicata Sohl, new species. Diagnosis.—Shell moderately small, wide cone; base gently concave, with umbilical depression filled by callus. Whorls may have subsutural row of faint nodes or spiral lirae; base with low, spiral cords that become noded near umbilical depression where 74 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 crossed by transverse welts. Aperture inclined to axis and with disclike projection arising from base of col- umellar lip and extending slightly out of aperture above basal lip. Etymology.—By anagram from Camitia. Discussion.—Micatia shares its low conical, sublen- ticular form and noded umbilical margin with many other members of the tribe Monileini. The presence of an apertural plication allies Micatia with Camitia, but the form and strength of this disclike plication also serve to separate the two. Micatia is currently known only from the type species, which occurs in abundance in calcareous, fine-grained, shallow marine sediments in the Maastrichtian of Jamaica. Camitia (Micatia) plicata Sohl, new species Plate 22, figures 1-14 Diagnosis.—As for subgenus. Description.—Shell moderately small, spire low and conical, suture impressed. Protoconch imperfectly known, small, rounded and less than one whorl. Whorl sides flat to faintly convex, periphery sharply rounded; base nearly flat with medial sharply bounded depres- sion that becomes filled with callus. Sculpture faint and variably developed above periphery, smooth or noded subsutural spiral cord commonly present fol- lowed below by few, widely spaced, incised spiral lines or lirae. Sculpture more pronounced on shell base than sides; spiral cords may cover base, becoming coarser and stronger marginal to central depression; transverse welts arise about halfway across base and may be accentuated to nodes where they cross broad, spiral cords adjacent to central depression. Aperture lenticular in outline; outer lip incompletely known, but prosoclinely inclined to axis; basal lip broadly sinuate; inner lip short with callus extending into and filling central depression of base; columellar lip with disclike plait extending from base into and out of aperture above basal lip; plait coalesces with basal lip shortly behind leading edge. Etymology.—From the Latin plicatus, meaning pli- cate. Measurements.—Measurements for eight specimens are given in Table 24. Table 24.—Measurement for eight specimens of Camitia (Mica- tia) plicata. Maximum Height diameter Locality (mm) (mm) H:MD 43 3.8 6.9 0.55 43 35) 6.1 0.57 43 35 6.5 0.54 63 3.4 5.9 0.58 43 ey api 0.61 63 2.8 4.6 0.61 63 2.6 4.5 0.58 43 Psi 3.5 0.60 Discussion.—Camitia (Micatia) plicata is repre- sented by several hundred specimens in the material under study. At localities 43 and 63, it is the most common gastropod species and occurs mainly in shal- low-water, nearshore, marine clays and silts. The pro- gressive sequence of infilling of the umbilicus is shown in succession by figures 2, 6, 7, 10, and 13 on Plate 22. The most variable feature among specimens is the strength of sculpture, especially on the upper whorl face. There, the most consistent feature is the presence of a subsutural spiral cord that may be smooth (Pl. 22, fig. 9) or noded (PI. 22, fig. 11). On the base of the shell, the most striking feature is the puckering or noding of the spiral elements marginal to the umbilicus (Pl. 22, figs. 2, 7, 8), a feature common to many species within the Monileini. The columellar plication is broken on many of the available speci- mens, but its thickness and position in later growth stages are shown at the arrow on figure 13 of Plate 22. I am unaware of any other similar species among the known Cretaceous gastropod faunas. Occurrence.—Jamaica: Central inlier, Guinea Corn Formation at localities 33, 35, 42, and 43: Marchmont inlier, ‘“Titanosarcolites limestone”’ at localities 52, 63 (type locality), 64, and 65. Age.—Maastrichtian. Types.—Holotype USNMNH 468214; paratypes USNMNH 468215, 468216, 468217, 468218, 468219, 468220, 468221, 468222, 468223, 468224. REFERENCES CITED Abbass, H.L. 1963. A monograph on the Egyptian Cretaceous gastropods. (Cairo) Geological Museum, Paleontological Series, Monograph 2, 146 pp., 12 pl. Adams, H., and Adams, A. 1854. The genera of Recent Mollusca, vol. 1. John Van Voorst, London, xl + 484 pp. Alencaster de Cserna, G. 1956. Pelecipodos y gastéropodos del Cretacico Inferior de la region de San Juan Raya-Zapotitlan, Estado de Puebla. México Universidad Nacional Autonoma, Insituto de Geologia, Paleontologia Mexicana, no. 2, 47 pp., 7 pl. Allison, E.C. 1955. Middle Cretaceous Gastropoda from Punta China, Baja California, Mexico. 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Some account of Barrettia, a new and remarkable fossil shell from the Hippurite Limestone of Jamaica. The Ge- ologist, vol. 5, pp. 372-377, pl. 20-21. Yochelson, E.L. 1956. Permian Gastropoda of the southwestern United States. [{Pt.] 1, Euomphalacea, Trochonematacea, Pseudophora- cea, Anomphalacea, Craspedostomatacea, and Platycera- tacea. American Museum of Natural History Bulletin, vol. 110, pp. 173-276, pl. 9-24. Zans, V.A., Chubb, L.J., Versey, H.R., Williams, J.B., Robinson, E., and Cooke, D.L. 1962. Synopsis of the geology of Jamaica. Jamaica Geological Survey Department Bulletin 4, 72 pp. Zekeli, F. 1852. Die Gastropoden der Gosaugebilde. Kaiserlich-K6nigli- che geologische Reichsanstalt (Vienna) Abhandlungen, vol. 7, Abt. 2, no. 2, 124 pp., 24 pl. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 83 PLATES (All the illustrated specimens are deposited in the United States National Museum of Natural History in Wash- ington, D.C. The plate captions provide the USNMNH specimen number for each illustrated specimen and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mesozoic locality number. SEM indicates views obtained by scanning electron microscope. Contact photographs of the plates in this report are available, at cost, from the U.S. Geological Survey Photographic library, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225) 84 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION OF PLATE | Figure Page 1, 4559: 10: 18> Arenetruncatosphaera Sols: Spi. ere t-te en reese Co a) oe td en eed ene 1. Apertural view (SEM: X21) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ““Titanosarcolites lime- stone,”’ at locality 54 (USGS Mesozoic locality 33371; USNMNH 468036). 4. Back view (SEM: X19) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 33371, USNMNH 468037). 5. Apertural view (SEM: X18) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 33371, USNMNH 468038). 9. Apical view (SEM: X15) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 33371; USNMNH 468039). 10, 13. Apical (SEM: X26) and basal (SEM: *23) views of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 33371; USNMNH 468035). De Suis Teese lik, 122 Pseudoliotina mcleant Sohlj ny Spins sto cies) cso sheets eteeh sneer paet= yore ee eS 2, 3, 6, 7. Apical, basal, apertural, and back views (5) of the holotype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29075; USNMNH 468033). 8, 11, 12. Apical, apertural, and basal views (5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29075; USNMNH 468034). PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 1 10 ARENE AND PSEUDOLIOTINA PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 2 NODODELPHINULA, ARENE AND LIOTIINAE CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 85 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 2 Figure Page 12S) 5s Nododelphinulaitrechmanmt Soblesprie aie. ee aie es eee) 2 eee) ete deed tet eigell ol oNlcli=) chiclccacl hte = 45 1. Back view (SEM X30) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, “‘Titanosarcolites”, limestone at locality 65 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30493; USNMNH 468041). 2. Apertural view (SEM 29) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30493; USNMNH 468040). 3. Basal view (SEM X33) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30493; USNMNH 468042). 5. Apical view (SEM 35) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30493; USNMNH 468043). AN NRA GAO LTO SONG HY Gs cho acon beeen ob oMabodocbo dK DUN Rs oN Qs eUUmOAadoODS CHOU HS oOo OCOd 43 View of part of the specimen figured on Plate 1, fig. 4, enlarged (SEM 54) to show details of sculpture. Gia pace lciotibnaeninde termined sce epee een eee eck oe eee een Rei hen Retest tuo tse aM elo 44 Back (SEM X21), apical (SEM X16), and basal (SEM 14) views of a specimen from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 4 (USGS Mesozoic locality 26802; USNMNH 468044). 86 11-16. 17-22. . Nododelphinula? nudula Sohl, n. sp PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 3 Apertural, back, profile, basal, and apical views (5) of the holotype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468045). Apical, back, and basal views (6) of a specimen from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revs Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 11 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468048). . Colloniinae operculum Outer and inner face (*5) of an operculum from Puerto Rico, San German quadrangle, Sabana Grande Formation, at locality 17 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30343; USNMNH 468053). Metriomphalus canabonensis Sohl, n. sp 11. 12S: 14. 15. 16. Antillocollonia brujoensis Sohl, n. sp Ns 18: 19-22. Back view (4) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 11 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30389; USNMNH 468076). Basal and apertural views (4) of the holotope from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468075). Back view (4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30389; USNMNH 468077). Back view (4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30389; USNMNH 468078). Back view (4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468079). Apertural and basal views (8) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, San German quadrangle, basal part of the Sabana Grande Formation, at locality 17 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30343; USNMNH 468050). Profile, basal, back, and apertural views (*8) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30343; USNMNH 468049). PATER QIIG? (SD ies cirasio\osw Wee, wou sich yiolge) afieifoun teks: 0) sa) BL awrayenaisswve teyellstfevetteu Seve uey ower uistiel ate. calor nutet ea tairor est cys re reaieet eet oreetere eect ieee ee 46 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 3 NODODELPHINULA?, ANGARIA?, COLLONIINAE OPERCULUM, METRIOMPHALUS, AND ANTILLOCOLLONIA PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 4 Figure 1-6, 9-17. Metriomphalus woodringi Sohl, n. sp I, 3h Oy Dy, Bk: 4. CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL EXPLANATION OF PLATE 4 Apical, back, and apertural views (<5) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 28748; USNMNH 468055). Apical and basal views (5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29075; USNMNH 468056). Basal view (5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 28748; USNMNH 468057), showing the open umbilicus. . Oblique apical view (5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468058). . Apertural view (<4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468059), showing the fluting of the apertural lips. . Apical view (5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468060). Back, apertural, and oblique basal views (*4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 28748; USNMNH 468061), showing form and depth of insertion of the operculum. . Profile and basal views (4) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468054), showing tendency toward disjunct coiling of the late stage of the body whorl. . Apertural view (<4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468062), showing operculum in place and the thickening of the final apertural lip. Ws Bs. LADD CUT COGS SOME Ss Bo ac Std eb ata dn ba petis co out ap 6 Oe DOE op. Bod cee chip cet nd Apical and basal views (4) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468064). Note lack of spiny carination of early whorls and narrow umbilicus compared to similar views of specimens of M. woodringi. 87 50 88 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 5 Figure Page 1-205 Metriomphalus horridus)SoblynssSps seo. ee Sen chee ae eee eetiee eee ssteee een) eae ee ee etl eae ee ae 50 1-3. Front, oblique-apertural, and back views (<5) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 11 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468065). 4. Apertural view (4) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29075; USNMNH 468066). 5-8. Oblique-basal, profile, back, and apertural views (<5) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 11 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468067). 9-12. Apertural, back, apical, and basal views (2) of the holotype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468063). 13. Inner surface view (<3) of an operculum (paratype) from Jamaica, Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation, at locality 72 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30009; USNMNH 468068). 14. Profile view (<3) of an operculum (paratype) from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30009; USNMNH 468069). 15. Outer surface view (7) of an operculum (paratype) from Jamaica, Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation, at locality 71 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30000; USNMNH 468070). 16. Outer surface view (5) of an operculum (paratype) from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 10 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30388; USNMNH 468071). 17. Inner surface view (6) of an operculum (paratype) from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 11 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468072). 18. Outer surface view (SEM 31) of an operculum (paratype) from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30389; USNMNH 468073). 19. Apical view (5) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468074). 20. Outer surface view (SEM X31) of an operculum (paratype) from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, *‘Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 65 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30493; USNMNH 468101). PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 5 METRIOMPHALUS PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 6 CHILODONTA Figure CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 89 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 6 Page l=N7), CHMDAT GUT SONG Tee iss oommos pcan one o oho Goo pO DOU U oD OOOO DU OU DOCOMO VandoDRaS Sag ono FOO DOOD 53 1-3. Back, basal, and apertural views (<4) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo For- mation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 28748; USNMNH 468081), showing the open umbilicus of the early stages of growth. . Apertural profile view (<4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29075; USNMNH 468082). . Back view (4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29075; USNMNH 468083). . Apertural, apertural profile, back, oblique-basal, and basal views (4) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 421478). . Apertural profile view (<4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468084). Only last whorl of specimen is intact. A indicates position of aperture, and arrows indicate line of demar- cation between primary and secondary sculpture. . Apertural profile view (<3) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468085). . Oblique apertural view (4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29075; USNMNH 468086), showing early-mature stage of aperture margin denticulation. . Oblique apertural view (<4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29075; USNMNH 468087). . Oblique basal (<3) and basal (<4) views of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468088). . Basal view of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468089). 90 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 7 Figure Page 135 ON Chilodontajamaicaensis( Sohliin-Sps coher cick ths elo Man eas ee kee Liens oe Gene eo Cee 1. Apertural view (6) of a paratype from Jamaica, Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation, at locality 71 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30000; USNMNH 468099). 2. Apertural profile view (6) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30000; USNMNH 468098). 3, 10. Apertural view (6) and basal view (SEM X13) of a paratype from Jamaica, Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation, at locality 72 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30009; USNMNH 468100). 4=9% W=1'3:, (Chilodontavatt. (Cj obliqua’ Sohlie, |. pa Fo satis © oe cits he ese) ee emcee eee Ciel elit nee oir orate 4. Apertural view (<6) of an incomplete specimen from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 11 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468090). 5. Apertural view (<4) of a specimen from Puerto Rico, Central Aguirre quadrangle, Coamo Formation, at locality 2 (USGS Mesozoic locality 26393; USNMNH 468091). 6. Back view (6) of a specimen from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 11 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468092). 7. Apertural view (<4) of a compressed specimen from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ‘“Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 54 (USGS Mesozoic locality 33371; USNMNH 468093). 8. Apertural view (6) of a specimen from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas For- mation, at locality 11 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468094). 9. Back view (SEM X16) of a specimen from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, “*Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 65 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30493; USNMNH 468095). 11. Apical view (SEM 39) of a specimen from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30493; USNMNH 468096). 12, 13. Apical views (SEM X21, X54) of a specimen from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30493; USNMNH 468097). PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60. PLATE 7 CHILODONTA PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 8 DISCOTECTUS, PLANOLATERALUS/, AND EUCYCLUS/ CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 91 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 8 Figure Page [See DISCOLCCHUESTCOQUIENSIS TS ONIN epee tee Pt hyo) ak os io tee emetic siiedevoilse'Gelcseh soup eheaisge. some Mee REM Re PM eeu astee ae toe me Reh chet 58 1. Back view (5) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Central Aguirre quadrangle, Coamo Formation, at locality 2 (USGS Mesozoic locality 26829; USNMNH 468107). 2. Back view (5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 26393; USNMNH 468108). 3, 5. Apertural and basal views (<4) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30358; USNMNH 468106). 4. Back view (6) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30358; USNMNH 468109); note inclination of growth line. Ceol Pe lanolateralus“jnanoverensts SOU DSPs cas = che Gisele & ics) leh es) cis. ©) Eee els eer ie) Neuere! aes eau 56 6. Side view (SEM X32) of a paratype from Jamaica, St. Anns Great River inlier, Windsor Shale, at locality 23 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29956; USNMNH 468103). 8, 10. Inclined apertural and apertural views (SEM X17, *18) of the holotype from Jamaica, Lucea inlier, Askenish Formation, at locality 67 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30425; USNMNH 468102). 9, 11. Basal and inclined back views (SEM 30, X35) of a paratype from Jamaica, St. Anns Great River inlier, Windsor Shale, at locality 23 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29956; USNMNH 468104). Figure 9 shows a fracture on the basal surface caused by compression of the specimen. 12. Basal view of a paratype (SEM X29) from Jamaica, Lucea inlier, Askenish Formation, at locality 66 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29902; USNMNH 468105). Ti, LHYLN CUBE Gs oan add sO adooaooDoo OOS OO RRO MONRO SED CUM O oN OF OOO MODEMS Do UP HOoVON doo OD CUODO SO IGOUO 53 Back view (3) of a specimen from Jamaica, Lucea inlier, Askenish Formation, at locality 66 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29902; USNMNH 468080). 92 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 9 Figure Page ES SIDA ANGATI Soh anno coded comnn oO Mo momboe HoacoMDoclmoODobUuasMoonoU GOR bao GoD Does on OboDOUAODOOR AD 1. Apertural view (SEM X15) of a specimen from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468112). 2. Profile view (SEM X16) of a specimen from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468113). 3. Back view (SEM 16) of a specimen from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468114). 5. Back view (SEM X16) of a specimen from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468115). 4N6=8 Discotectusicogulensis/SOnl.ns Sps som eo) ee ls a eens el eee) it 4, 6. Basal view (SEM X14) and enlargement of sculpture (SEM X25) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Central Aguirre quad- rangle, Coamo Formation, at locality 2 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30358; USNMNH 468110). 7, 8. Enlargement of sculpture (SEM 33) and apertural view (SEM 16) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30358; USNMNH 468111). 58 PLATE 9 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 DISCOTECTUS PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 10 DISCOTECTUS Figure 1-12. Discotectus barranquitasensis Sohl, n. sp 1. i) eS) CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL EXPLANATION OF PLATE 10 Apertural view (5) of the holotype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 4 (USGS Mesozoic locality 26802; USNMNH 468116). . Inclined apertural view (4) and apertural profile view (5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 26802; USNMNH 468117). . Back view (4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 26802; USNMNH 468118). . Back view (5) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas For- mation, at locality 5 (USGS Mesozoic locality 31489; USNMNH 468119). . Basal view (SEM X10) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 4 (USGS Mesozoic locality 26802; USNMNH 468120). . Back view (4) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas For- mation, at locality 5 (USGS Mesozoic locality 31489; USNMNH 468121). . Basal view (<5) and apertural view (SEM X13) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 4 (USGS Mesozoic locality 26802; USNMNH 468122); arrow on figure 10 points to node inside of outer lip. Apical view (SEM X23) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Botijas Limestone Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 5 (USGS Mesozoic locality 31489; USNMNH 468123). 1. Back view (SEM X10) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 31489; USNMNH 468124). Detail of sculpture (SEM X26) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 31489; USNMNH 468125). 93 94 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 11 Figure Page 16s DiscotectusycyrioconustSohlsn Spies teeter «ss. eel ree any ee ele) aoe eye ol eat a eee 60 1, 2. Apertural profile and basal views (4) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468133). 3, 4, 6. Back (4), apertural profile (4), and apertural (<5) views of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468132). 5. Back view (4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29088; USNMNH 468134). 713 seDiscotectus: gelabertrSohlansispss coe ierers ese ae ie ee she re el skenegey ea eles tet eee ee 60 7. Apertural view (SEM X13) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Barranquitas quadrangle, Revés Member of the Pozas Formation, at locality 11 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468127). 8, 10. Angled back (SEM X18) and back (SEM X21) views of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468128). 9. Back view (SEM X18) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468129). 11. Basal view (SEM 18) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468130). 12. Back view (SEM 5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468131). 13. Back view (SEM 14) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29365; USNMNH 468126). PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 11 DISCOTECTUS PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 12 DISCOTECTUS CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 95 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 12 Figure Page IO. JOAN TATS Canin Soil, is Gs con oconseudsooodccoses donne nacce moon DoDD oOUHOCoUGDSUE USE SOONERS OUD OObD 61 1. Back view (<4) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, San German quadrangle, Sabana Grande Formation, at locality 17 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30343; USNMNH 468136). 2, 3. Basal and back views (4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30343; USNMNH 468137). 4, 5, 8. Basal and apertural views (<5) and back view (10) of a paratype from Puerto Rico, Sabana Grande quadrangle, El Rayo Formation, at locality 14 (USGS Mesozoic locality 28664; USNMNH 468138); note rounded nodes on spirals of body whorl. Back view (4) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 28664; USNMNH 468139). 7. Apertural view (SEM X11) of the holotype from Puerto Rico, San German quadrangle, Sabana Grande Formation, at locality 17 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30343; USNMNH 468135). S= Pee DISCOLECIUSICFEDIIMOGOSUSES ON aitLeSP oye) = ie = eee et eee cine enee = dele lots rate gsi et meta ee ak 62 9. Back view (SEM X17) of a paratype from Jamaica, Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation, at locality 72 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30009; USNMNH 468141). 10. Apertural view (SEM X19) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30009; USNMNH 468140). 11. View (SEM X36) of an incomplete paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30009; USNMNH 468142). 12. Back view (SEM X25) of an incomplete paratype from Jamaica, Green Island inlier, Green Island Formation, at locality 69 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30429; USNMNH 468143). 2 96 Figure 1-10. Discotectus zansi Sohl, n. sp I)? Ne PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 13 Back view of a paratype (SEM X16) from Jamaica, St. Anns Great River inlier, St. Anns Great River Formation, at locality 27 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30502; USNMNH 468145). . Basal view (SEM X17) of a paratype from the same locality, showing details of sculpture (USGS Mesozoic locality 30502; USNMNH 468146). Back view (5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30502; USNMNH 468147). . Basal and back views (5) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30502; USNMNH 468144). . Back view (SEM X16) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30502; USNMNH 468148). . Detail view (SEM X40), back view (SEM X12), and view (SEM X24) of body whorl of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30502; USNMNH 468149). Arrows on figures 7 and 10 indicate to corresponding points. . Back view (SEM X19) of the body whorl of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30502; USNMNH 468150). PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 13 DISCOTECTUS PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 14 DISCOTECTUS CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL OY] EXPLANATION OF PLATE 14 Figure Page ISR, IOAN TORI OT OLGA SON oN Gos asanceeeoaedcoanenocgos ca cameacoueonodooGn bac gopcouUDaoGHocoDDOOMSA 63 1, 2. Inclined apertural and apertural views (SEM 13) of the holotype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, *“Titanosarcolites lime- stone,” at locality 52 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30030; USNMNH 468151). 3. Back view (SEM X19) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, **Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 61 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30482; USNMNH 468152). See also Plate 17, figure 11. 4. Basal view (SEM X17) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ““Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 52 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30030; USNMNH 468153). 5. Back view (SEM X14) of a paratype from Jamaica, Central inlier, Guinea Corn Formation, at locality 43 USGS Mesozoic locality 30040; USNMNH 468154). 6. Basal view (SEM X21) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, **Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 57 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30466; USNMNH 468155). 7. Basal view (SEM X16) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, *“Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 57 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30466; USNMNH 468156). 8. Apical view (SEM X29) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, *“Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 63 (USGS Mesozoic locality 31367; USNMNH 468157). 98 Figure PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 15 1=9" Denticulabrum laevigaturmSohlyms Sp! o -.is © ~ 2 eis ese cos 20a eee) eetesedes ee = et Rede Perea hd aaa eset ae N 1. 6. 4. Apical view (SEM X78) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ‘“Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 61 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30482; USNMNH 468159). Note the transverse ribbing on the early teloconch. Apertural, back, and basal views (<5) of the holotype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ‘“Titanosarcolites limestone,”” at locality 59 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30471; USNMNH 468158). Back view (SEM X12) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, “Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 58 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30467; USNMNH 468160). Apertural detail (SEM 18) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, “Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 61 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30482; USNMNH 468161). Note development at parietal plait. . Basal view (SEM X14) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, “‘Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 59 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30471; USNMNH 468162). . Basal view (SEM X15) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ““Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 64 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30491; USNMNH 468163). . Detail of spire (SEM X94) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ‘‘Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 51 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30027; USNMNH 468164). PLATE 15 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 DENTICULABRUM PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 PLATE 16 DENTICULABRUM CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 99 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 16 Figure Page i=, S, ©. Donvadhiynrie CHG TST Soll wS koa oma edeoorc oe aoe so aoe Conw aes hod ouoooOSOOnu ODODE DODO SCCOOD 66 1, 2. Detailed view (SEM X23) of aperture and apertural view (SEM X14) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, “Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 51 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29925; USNMNH 468167). 3, 5. Apertural view (SEM X19) and detail of aperture (SEM X40) of the holotype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30027; USNMNH 468166). 6. Apertural profile view (SEM X18) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30027; USNMNH 468168). Ame Denticulabrum idevigatumesonlenasp- 1c series ci ee CI Eee eer enor 65 Detail of aperture (SEM X26) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, “Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 59 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30471; USNMNH 468165). 100 Figure PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 EXPLANATION OF PLATE 17 1=10) Denticulabrum duckettsensis Sohl. m-spy - co o.- <= teeters aie ene) eke eed ee eden ile 2-4. 10. Back view (x5) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ““Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 58 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30467; USNMNH 468169). Basal, apertural, and back views (<5) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 30467; USNMNH 468170). . Basal view (<5) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ‘‘Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 51 (USGS Mesozoic locality 29925; USNMNH 468171). Note sinuosity in profile of basal lip of aperture. . Back view (SEM X21) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, “Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 58 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30467; USNMNH 468172). . Back view (<6) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ““Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 51 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30027; USNMNH 468173). Apertural view (SEM X18) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29925; USNMNH 468174). Apical view (SEM 47) of a paratype from the same locality (USGS Mesozoic locality 29925; USNMNH 468175). Basal view (SEM X19) of a paratype from Jamaica, Marchmont inlier, ‘“Titanosarcolites limestone,” at locality 58 (USGS Mesozoic locality 30467; USNMNH 468176). 11 Discotectus' marchmontensis Sohlt m@sp: 18,25,26,35,37,38,40,41 WOVQAOGT AE: cacedondcooobcdedooopoodaaudbocabncoendeHeeeasnocEHanooonn 33 Antillocolloniamrccmnrccdasteodsacceices coscosaden6005 sasovansov.000 aNd poUsodasenoDUERasgasaaEC 21 DOR HON IAT O. anceaadnoacdonacacbnopondeecadabdsesonpsoDoOubUne 16,17,63 duckettsensis 19,63,65,66,67,99,100 [PR ISTCVITTD, sconsaadbongdacencoanobsoasonsenyayneace 19,34,63,65,98,99 iy Gok sekaosoon DD IGHOSTASIG ee meee ee aera (Di mOY PROLECIUS fn eee cece eee IDIQUAGGNUFEGN sanoncanbaaeeonsdc0o IDOL) DISPIIN Koneoaconnasduoadasubossoupog9sonnPobsgoaodsngdsacnannG 4 R (Glauconia) matleyi DD ISCOLE CHASER aecE neste 12,14,15,16,17,37,38,39,57,65,67,69 BAT TANGUILASENSISpccnnenter reassess 19,58,59,61,63,64,93 GOGILIGINS. .coosocenoodacongconsopssacspspnacaonsesupa5e 19,20,58,91,92 CORO MAUS: ssscacsoesooanbccboboccosd0scducopbodoaqaagqg0RGccH 59 @7EXGIAS) sososoadocopospedacodoc caecoubaachboonsandopdoouponpnosooos 57,61 AMICON coopndossbeanahapnvescbesbooocunpaccoono pecan 19,62,95 GLO GONUS INN eet ane eaeectsieietete eecicierarsie sieictersieteleia 19,60,61,94 GAGITOAE congt snsqp gsc nnRDSeESAbSeboaAnoHpnEadaDSEHacoDoUsOCe 19,60,94 IRA MOAN saacopeoseooasoeds65o0000060000c 19,63,64,67,97,100 ESTAS)! coousccagnneasecns assonnepbepnsspsonse0dcoDoSbooeceonso 62 IS COLLET ee ae aaron sls Sota nic esl aSalate ejeleisetesololealsioniores 19,60,6/,62,95 SO coconppacdcosaotconsansnssbososscosonpconsenedagansudsnccsned 19,64,92 Sid, AX onnsabeoceqensodcospoonccbooscno pas oodaosUpEDaoSsSoDEDeGEDSNC 19,58 FIR) - apannenocadcoonadsceapcosoonodsesoadad0coNsdoddgeGGR™ 19,62,63,96 JDK GH GRAN ce coosmoomencticcagoee0ccqeanonanopsopoovonbodss0dacoDd00cE5 31 JD EYWe? aoonSosoancddess00 Jee eeeaaeacdseanenenanodoocrdoocoddonceccce 25 MIGHOLOS TEC P ECE EEE ee trite ere eciecneck ease see acres: 21,22,41 Geb cionseasens cooansb oodebosSc000 bape apabepogdugsoDesnoDonodAuaascasDoG 23 @SHMUAOES. 3c ag a0o5adeoopasansno Shona vonSpsoUsabdoDHdgEHSDADOOODCOGaCneGD 37 JRA AN OYOE. cogscascaosaa7aaDaaonoosessedDsdesbgndssonussooDd6 20 JE THOII EN s50nscnsvaodo dos nDqeSoadCoNenIgC non IdIC sdeAnoDseADacoononcoNS 10 Epitonudicastlopodsi..-peesrces nesses ee ere Ere ees Greer reece 35 JEVTAWALSY sade ssvboa obo quodosonogddecn sane qdananqddenedocabasecooganaspts 53 IBUOAYENAS 5 caqsncndouasoasganpoondesosocogousgassacsupaacouen: 12,53,56 lait! Soceon soo goodoanebpeagasoandscopbAschsousocausSdboDRIosRINC 12753) Eucyclusmecretccsnce cece mene serene eee ce ee erect 1253; (LOUTH cooncopcodecnudcocatacodaadaDobEsosaapanesepoponscacngsooe 12 JENNMATSY SS SogsconsscccapossonoudvabocoosboosoacapSsaceadadde 19,53,91 Eumargarita (Solariella) (aT Ce noosbaaoacabbadespbagcostacsdocbh ono soBscoonsomeboonDoocDe: 72 TUM LTHANY so sdooonedcasoacesocooocpaonnenncnadonacdacosonauccononecs v2 IDCeewwee Je Sogceusvdenpysuosobsebsasus nsesoue DOR coosaonasezosdoococEdS 25 fasciolandigastropodsieeneeeceasascaceeer rece stent reser eer er OMG Seorcoboroccoodsongadoononopsonesacensemescosbnccsobcaec OSSATUSE eee teciaaetceneeeeeeaanceeicenee fUsinid||eastropOdSsemseeesee- cease cheese asec eee eee eee 20,31 (CGRTTAG Uy enoocsoconanodandduooppasononsoncasepeaccdssunocssoconTaces 31 (GiDbUula eee ce 13 bicarinata 13 Jerdoniana 13 granulosa 13 Globigerinelloides CEOS sseodnoosdoncobacbooodooonbdogsoqnEEsoobuDbaspoUtiodobodeda00S 40 OAFLA G YD snacodsoodosanoedoudbsandessnooo5opDas0Udoococeoeen9e9baC 40 Globotruncana IDHTGRES sasnoonocuansensaoocanoocsatooccsadesaocacooopndapoabdboocad 40 (GOGAT - SococanoeoqoDDoOnDenodSSbacodUnOBonasEdboddadodDsonsoNeNEE 40 HORMEL! sonacenoocccoq0 00d oosoSsoocDodenansoondsscHnconsbESEedoseR 40 DRRGGHATTE) “so eooaoqdonunodoobaccobbopaadasSasoondsoomaNdpsuusdaseuOd0O 40 IARKAGE sccconcnbecdsebou eases coanonndsacmacenodapusemansaace00sC0 40 WTA OOM aneceanscndoossnasqdusovao devas sosudcmmopobonacopodde 40 AD QARECT) conasaacodachnadconnoqonoonspaneyspsdbodaooaanadsHssaooad0 40 cia Globotruncanarosenaerreccectieceacercce rece ecaener acter 40 Globularia Ms Kjos sasnsunenocoasouadodoDodednoobesooboouodzaoNnSEcspEdsoodaasoude 20 STDs. ancqgqaptiqnoabonagsan sAnnvessondodoaopssogpesnsaqodedodcadcHsNe: 31,35 (Ghaygnaeiehe! S05 coqacondsacopprnaoassdscobbssdooddsduccuossacaoasons6 31 (GHCLIETYE. soadonds bas anoumoudadpaanscbobondsdaddosdasangoopanooosuadndce 54 (Gipeiiodel teh 7 Soy, soooscsdoonndgaconqsuacosseboades sandoasasosaq0s6og0 21 Gubulerina (it, (Ga GReOGHiiSiVe cascspcunsnbcoon5os Av osacdobooSenAadoogHoNENADD 39 OB (GC. GIGfIGPSN cocddgoonndobantiaanonsusnannatepssasounnndEsooooNe 39 (GIRTON! occoncononacunsconsodnndoopoSdopansouaséngopheraoepooddasnne 11 AGO HE? snongoosanossoncidoonopadooonpsssauccostoudsacscancansbesc 11 T@G@H TDS. coodcoozngoundsdoneneagconpunusdnsebbesdesenee Ieee Nite) Seeceosronconso nod sDboagdddonEeaaconnerdnc TTQTPAQOGES TU TSP es eresaje otmnioto|ste)nlnin\elal-ia\-)=ia(0/-1-1e1= [EA TA DONG Ss oscocdosncnononnnocooubercdacesnuedqmonacsoqaoCoocar 20 Heterohelix FADE) seconennacoooopadoesdecesopnopbanpessoBccsasncDDensau0OSCC TEUSS lime 2 ta cciaicielaieis\oieieks Homalopoma .........-- Homalopomatinae IMOGETAMUSI ERE p en ade eee ene eter ee cere eee eee e belie eee eae 28,29 UPAR TIDTTES ” 2ce occ pnaconance oboonubennoshaonesbabonncoppcnocasmenasal 13,72 LOTT [INGINUS as ceoooGoonopp0oon DoD aGonaDSoocoonaanpoone 13,19,72,104 RECN OGD toobonopopnacedonapsos dann asooadacudeasooeonoddadonsads 13,72 axis pina ch Ca MOniferGate)actelsiecieoel [eel cr serene ei 20 IUZaATED SOM -goovono0s ps son coos cobasonapcadadseuogoasodbouonoeEDooCags 31 fas iby Geri tits ye ecetttislecias piece cee rre lee ese ater etatefet = 34 108 PALAEONTOGRAPHICA AMERICANA, NUMBER 60 JL FEU Os cecosnaesescdoaqsbonansnnaaonnacodpacnaedhodasosapspcsos 2531533 [Loti PPA SO? esdoachde caanesqadoodesspscuodoonodeoonpdAds dod dsoensonos Ione! ansaecadere cacao quccsdadsodoudqoopuadaoebaaaocoboddconuse Liotiinae undetermined ILOIALLEE eacaousodoobbastaoucueouendecodsanonsacesuoonddaAaconoagoasacae Lopha sp. ....-- JORG VEGA Sooansdecnadae cccesseenaolupsadddon4ddssebRadsoasaad NVIQCAN ENE re aor mn ne Cel sncie pier ineist Ce inecineieeieeteisraseahinsienteet sales taist Macroclanculus .... Margarita .......... DATLONENSIS MEER Reeser Ect etieaeiemaeel ciaractcsste CHARM! Gacocenneadauausudansuncedonued anonuodaanoumDaeeseUss o 2 Margarita (Solariella) newberryi 72 IMLARYAATED poagbanexnasdsnaaaoanecracsncconrbeososeoroouodonoc0sedEag 12 Margarit tina Gisrarrett st teartit satccisniescceisencetesiae sterctelsslaiet(itcester- 12 MATS INOLTUNGANAYCONCAVAIG reise (ole sofo'o ie jeieiateleleialeimietelcleleleieleln(aieinie o/- 40 mMathildidheastropodSweaereaasssetessaeltercswecnensesstrececace crs 35 Me triacanthuswcecsecncccmacr ernie sacar oinacietetcisisicleieusisie eran 49,52 MCTTIOMPHAIUSE mecrt sales elles en yacleenicineet eats 11,14,46,47,48,49,52 CAMADONENSIS wrssace eases eterstetetatete isles steteielslelatne’eseisi= 19,50,57,52,86 WAPI HOWAVOS sdaanncse opasasapanunousaosuoDpoddoounadoonur colaotdaaC 52 MOT TIAUS wane -toenectensaccoece ces eeciceseceeestets 19,20,50,51,87,88 G0), saaeuecdaanogunbarcnopadseoseogogepoosconsabdces toucasi WOOGIE Uae mrce ctr trrcectloceneeeesiaeileetisinaiiseletcleicisice 19,49, 50,51,87 Micatia (see Camitia) WRAL AE GOs, cosbenoqnacqsnoodondhubuadootounndoacbnndoopasecapEbad 34 lanthantel feec}0(0) 010(¢ 3 -anaedcnyaacanaeeae oabsd0 podooobEDadsooDUoauabeeboucpe 20 Meat Sscopnospconcasasbdacsenepoacenbonconcnsdcontinadoopascoooespne 73 IM QROCNET TIO} scadscosseoakoucan oad aopbo cacdbpoddooouranancooguBAAodne 13,65 GiNZI@@t osaeagoosannacespacanssennocesnsdaconpenocepesondashnasadonode 13 ANTI QUO saa ser 13 bartonensis 13 pachyhyodon 13 ROA DIAAT, senddcnsoucchoonboanspabeanododecdonqdacusnnganpoodns snaps 13 MMOnOodortan CanGellosa) (ar. -tscis(etsrriaae eisiseleteieter teins asnisyatanaiciois melas 13 MAaAvcidu gastropod Sweeter cseetiesseiemeessaseteslaicaiererssatecle 41 Neithea IDEXATENSTS meena ae eyes ee eee oie eee astiseeeissiireesries 21 SPB rereerstel erect eC sere etotefetere lc ere efehcreltchateffetat one hesnteis etsie(ara cists oie etalnealer 31,33 Neodelphinulapellisculptatal tun jante swe seee aciels tees Lopsiece mele 52 MEMNEIGUCASTOPOGS Mase maces sles ere ieee seioi-(orers ie wiereetaoeie teeter eletiers 20 INQRTOUE SOs, aon enaensepnascessessnaasne cddosuosaasssdadcosasnodse 31,35 INARTTENG Oe Bubadansapsaasedoes sdbbasgacauatd gop sadeaedornidaunoooumbaedes 34 INGGOGE Lp Tat rata cl ay rerctarotascforors eee cheater elate eintetesaperes orate atepnte sels eee lel 11,14,45 bellisculptatamaaccerseacc ene e tec eee oct seleciirr sc sere 11,45 Ail Gah Gudonasdddadasduore esepenousoqsonacsdqnanndessaeenoacnonnls 45 CUB 701 OS! ce bocnencbtdonseuudmneadae ppashe seacebubonenduccsaanhdrsdaenaep 45 (oll Jolt i SebeenS one cteos co And Canue Caone ae caenbnenterhaeonnaaoeAnandonc 45 NUT AISENS IS kee jase ne cee actestels aisielereicrainieiaias el sieteloiasieeie 11,45 RUCIESTON atop cence oa aacee cece e ei cct cles cietlaleaklcidterecscieee eine 45 Sb. ccaoncenaonnuarocsudadsopcnconmoaboddcotpccdocboocusadcopecauconne 11 TRAIT aonobeqaaeabspaudebbbeobapceandnoosdadepanGono 11,19,45,85 HALL MAULE ont oo ceeseanoescoaEeoceEneaeesenedndonsdcecnonoae enacHadde 10 INododelphiralainMUdula rs rrniejarists's sciaiaiete ersielarasisiars satiate 11,19,46,86 INododelphinulidactr ce ccmscscrrtats sccieinest ee liestasetinmastets sine frre 49 INE Taro ee) Padre SARA BOAE HOBOS EER OR ORD OS Coane CeDapADeeoodcerenna er iooD 47 (QO GITZO) Sa ceepanbasecnn dquseLeseesceecnasnsonneosaaaccapanredccdne 53 OUTST! ‘canqoanphescadsearapeecherpn: Hpesnpioustsocr Sossadteoee ann noee OXI AAeT* sepnoaendere arizpensis ...... sp. OStreld DIV alVES errr stecteleelsoietieier-tas esse sleet Mee eeeieselete eet eee 39 OZOdOCHILUSKCOSSMANN ites eeersasteteree erect erecta 13 PAIGN ANIA a. asec eee ere Ce a de Re ae oe eee 45 IRA WAAC, aod dnosdedadhuengsesuatnteancdascbacnsvapaodobscoscdonbccca 32 PGTAStFOMA. sociieienc neers cise eee oes Rea ReLe cepa nee eRe 25 QUAL LATE tata sects ints oles atasave’ [ols te steve) slave stv faicte Tels) ideate ahs ate setae reseed 21 SDL, ach stavs aes ee sents ota isigil. Bisse eslsisere steas otc r smalnierinete si tance 25,26 (PATALUDOW snrconancen eterno Cte ae hie eee 11 Ia MCO Rat 9); cen poposbarnvegosGusesasbcesdbosessscdSssduacuesoubone: 21 IRA MING VES 0 Spoopdpdssacedosdnenna sndodaoatiopanacnaanbooaDstaoooesn IPCriQulascennctecnicisissscer Petropoma peruanum Petropominae sa -acee coo ciekinsie ee eee Pheesicarie ll cas ersisistejaya nts isatsjateinisreyaizes 0isrescts syste tists s aie sSs}ats siaiss fois g,orsteceto ts sees 12 Phasianel linae ssc -scetyaca neces at cnarce sireceee ene ves/sciesememeeecrer 12 Pholadomya spe sjxisrcrcrejctas stots ajstasts else siosteicis ssicie eile se sleeeinicie seers 32 ett fe) Raneonne a ee eration tae noraeienbercucnsetircrdbabdonpsescac 14,72 yd Sonac era daoonpeeaonceanedoDUUEpedbepondbesbonas so0KUUscoouSUBES UTC 20 PALE SAND aacegonnpudsonendconpabsooceos choosadaaaboodssonepcéec 18,25 JAMGICENSIS -rejcaeteine = ono oe E eo ce oe Dae esate soe eeer eee 21 SP iy sopisjossiaateyaca siicisiavsieisiels oreteis sieistsjsiine e sctetale ee wialeeeiatetssta 22,23,26,33,35 (PLANLUTDO: Sons cuasiasssucsees tessa Oe esos aoe eee eee eee 49 Planoglobulinaiglabratay -neocneessvsee acca eae oe cea 39 Planolateralus: in. ccscsces: w= 12514556 COS GadsasonssanodecobpGsacc ono aoosapaasauoGUNAddocasoueinscdaccoos 31 Planolateralus? hanoverensiS ...........000000eeee sees 15,19,56,57,91 Platyceramus cycloides: Cycloide, nis casper sisjecle este msinsslaisisie steasieierees 39 IPLCGEU Gin danmesactnaaise te clacdatysnedecstaattecmer cence ec eceee eres TD: Boy fdoactdiccadsnoprinanabrnan iahoonagnonddosabéonscsdcuncenadbebonsos 33,41 Potamididaeundets yo -p.cc-mmn tenes oeerssccs sec reser 34 Procerithidacsundets, ceicic ecco clei s1sis}e stsia(steicls scleysletetsieists cicero etelsienses 34 }e4 nofeta) 1 (5) bist:\ 3) meEROgaERe doo dup TecanEnodoaoneceannnareacnenanntidasapadues S7 Proconulus .... 13 hiraigensis .. 13 PrOvodonaxisps massscectoasedsbsescescece eae eecesee acer eet meres 31 Psuedocucullaea,ck: P)) greg Oryt =: csenacias ce ceeecisa cee ee eeeaes 20 Pseudoliotina’ scnisaeseiccnjoceeas coe nanan tack sant Gerla 10,14,42 INCIEAN I eceidte see sees earned eee eee eee 19,42,43,84 F/M) Goaceoosanbcdneddes deqsoveumuocnusjodoasbicanadacasnscdssbos 43 KYA SALA (a mereencoorekcboceaoobnSppocdopndadaaannddsbaccssabosas00 43 IPSeudomalanis!S Pn. qoccto siete ce sence nace eee e see eee eee 31 PSeudomalaxisiiSpy casas sccaen asosen ese ee erect er ecen rete eer 20 PSCudOninellay x. ences nner en ete oe Eee eee ECC Eee 49 Ppseudophoridae’swacnnceenshen eener ister seh Pees ee secre eet 10 JeAatel oly Boooasdnpsoedospecioasodsadsooddoocn yoodacondmannesodaoawocns 20 Pyrazus TS ISPS (ores oreisers aie cl ctetastuislo siameinciera sists stanieis sisnieteforte stort lees ieterscteteiserets 20 sp. 31,34 Ringicula (Ringicula) n. sp. CiD} -qnaenonssounduaeunastaanacoabognosisedAbosde Rassoidaevundets sh seccecnssceea.ssceee-serceee: 1S 016 117 Marae Ser PaaS AT ABET ec UAB DOS TUBERC COEeLarO apadcosMceccongancecdd MUCIStidUbIVAalVeSien nyeneceree eeeeasstcemecssa Rugotruncana tradinghouSensis ..........2.000 cece ence eee WATTET ANT) a qouepbaosuassenoonpaesoobaatchosnapsabndobsnSsusHDoOGGC 18,38 Solarielliat es cdoccton each nmnee San oe ae oe One eserce trian 13,72 ANLONIDENSIS Meceece cece eee ee eer eee eee acer er 73 DELeSTENSIS} oo nosenc bate aera soe nina ase ets aisls oe cletstonn)sieiclassin es alecteletemore 73 belsfayensisimensaacossekn eae raastees secre esr emcee striae 72 GIDIT TAL aaoponsodoneroncnnnoesscnoodnapaceooudsadooscocHgesosacroson v2 HGCA saenioieraisk cic ee see cele inc als Bs Ta oS ee ste ie elsteia sete 72 TRAN CRITIONIENSIS,. arpeetcineteretsisieietale sere sale arstate tale ster elndete cts 13,19,73,104 CRETACEOUS TROCHACEAN GASTROPODS: SOHL 109 PAMROTD coocas5ccobncanosonaqce dade aSounddnoondsouoDASonoossoousand 72 PAWAR cos ononasseasc06occ000 500 00990ND DOD OAUDOeaeDoDacHUSUUSHESeCRC 72 TGQ AROGGIAENLASwererernrciaasenrinnsae ce necieeae etnias 72 SCID eee PREC ERE CE ie nist cise cise eialaiscie cleiersiata« meieisjaieisremcitais« 11 SLEW CI Limemre ne eee ore eicteiaisl slave slelelelororsietoveie siefel-elsaicteiereierereisicisiare 72 SURGE oo siducananadobanagnahiacnAsboRgsasoccnarpcponGosAposBaess 73 (ALeALSN caootcoco osacicadaonodopecanddsenondoen csedsanabosSsAgeEoeee 72 ELEY OO TELCO esterase acne cocker stated ee one sta ole [aie ToveV ele) sho|avereLeveyeloje oielate lain nvelsie ole 73 MRZIGOMEL AGIA) capondesandsacod sbecbenadovennAdoDaanaspoasbnosodadEaessos 72 Solanellinactepeereceree re cients ce casetiiyioeietsciscrer stscicterereieiac = cer Solarium ... Solen? sp. Gea ooocnconsavasnenasossqnesoounaabonsooonDSoecus GD, coossasne condeoceansonesaecennscangcabasonacocoonedemcucsoonneec CPS g Stegnostomella LEHI VOOPOXS. soasecooccgkqnoacogncboboscunadscaeeeddooe 19,67,68,101 GO, agcoguacannsoddosnoonas deo uvans ccvdsboradesuDcacduuseaendsoodedcasn 33 Stomatellinae 13 SOWTTHG) spaoapadoves p cocdoessoncenDaddododsonnenconpacsonpndnoenseso6os 13 bicarinata 13 SENOMALOP OLOIAS raspy ees cincinctete leita tetele tere ateictaleisteleleisitalstelolaiis\= 26 strombid gastropod undet. ................ 6.600 e eee 35 Strombidae Ms FEM) eancaanopeqnnongesabcccbascudaapnccAbopebpasucusoosabooRN6oGaD 31 ink: (OMe Is SDs osooasoosoacaodonatigooooddsdsnogcoonsensoccesagopoUbnen 20 SMAEMEIORATA SDS scoasnantnacensonacsoounconbooaspoocanpacoEsReouE 31,33 TIS condattaccnsTotaodoanennaecdrensresnodag 12,14,16,17,57,68,69,70 CRAYON posascosacesoneddoanddscosnbonp anoonDa0o 19,20,21,69, 70,102 TGA scoosnaeadapesonooncndcnnnocnnano sosndcaoenboseoaseosTNOD 13,72 [AUT TAEA! saancondedodoaasdesodocdodopooocoa99oDdaoQaadodeade 19,70,102 AN AMATO" Sosoaoucoadqpadatoncdesadaduaptacscacuemaoepacmepedananes 68 ils GOs cocosussses ee il TROWATI OS casunongnoscaennogackansoaanaccoonosnonspcodoodnone 19,69,101 Gio}, sndsounpnadoosasadsanqdesondeseo spoudo ose cobs aqdpacoudaEoeUoaGGE 19,71 GOs /N sdaadasenodacemenpaeccaassoqqonsoouddondsodconantiopaccan 19,70,102 ATAGTES: nasa aacopauscaspeddepaduus oo Sssqd0baeasoadgdopEddasaqdoNS 71 VATE LAIUS) naasaaenncs sete eae ee eect Geicie aiere sie cis eleicle sie(eiais 19,71,103 TOURPAC OS SosempodascpmédocosagsdsessasQane aaspoabocoooaDasnBOOGesGIAG 31 teredinid bivalves . TSO IDG caadnanccoshoaansnano.dodansonndssadasaDDao4e062 Titanosarcolites .... 16,17,19,21,25,27,32,33,34,35,37,38,39,41,45, Breet asic 51,62,63,66,71,74,85,88,90,97,98,99, 100,103,104 FANATICS” snasonkas aqaeadese cp abuodooondaobodoedpoocescanonanasaon 255311 G{BL. sudsonbeaaasqanadodaqeqansoacnabbagpoadadponsddnppousaGEpoos 25,26,30 TROPA EAS SENGIVAE! exsqasocasanonagavossco0ds boob asobatesDocogsonedode 33 TRA OALE oe conenasnacnbancesnoadne snpeandannonnanoopdace jpop nacsaEedESS 39 Trochactaeon (Mexicotrochactaeon) burckhardti ..... 31 granthamensis 31 Trochactaeon (Trochactaeon) woodsi .... 16,19,21,22,23,24,25,26 Trochidae 9512519553 sLrOGHIMAC Reesor yaeae cee eee ieee nc tnatene seein cteaiscistelelctrnactysie certs a7; Uigotsuvbly Ae SocoAneonmpaaddonodoooapence cope noonasseasecdoubeocdouadaddes 57 LRA HO PO ANG! Ws, Boh soosaagsonssbe bbb son obbbaboboussbooboosusagocgesg0" 20 ROCHUSIEA Sateen teen One Cee ene eee 10,12,13,68,73 POT AUTALTES: dhanboadessdaodsasosboenon sub sodoHoBSudOCODDOONaBDCUDNeES 49 (gti) ies sot penininnacteersoane naan boo cas nerh ose stennrconodasnanpdaadacn 13,73 NALONA, Gucci ccos accent nee eeeIne cecetinian decreas eeaereitaetelerents 72 ii} bene eesenppooootnodoosupcud oedGoSsuubanasonopraanoctoepaocnosnaunD 52 LORANUS 4S ate eA tae OTE Ree Tet ae ees 62 WinoGhus (ects) SADINUS meee cee cemec eee ryceecietirerie sce 59,61 TAGES Ye sesootancs Murbinidaeweece sacs ee sec M@urbininaee cep seeeeeceeteeccee IiT hele leeanpcacos nootcoDbudaadeonodnonobonadponunnddéssdqaccumaucoD GRENYAT TTD. sncacnooadsaccnnsondcaudsaccuchyocescsaonodeDogonoboces LOOT cocmedncmnoncangdoonobscopoteadebodsoonnoebicoponunooHUNddoD CYIVELE vase icsoe tia e ote ae OMS RIOR Tee eee cie ery slene ereaerss (ATE ATY Eoadpootasfoceds on anasceeooa[coscIcaadeaaactobopacrigdvacce (TALC Messen cP eSen AAAS aBtedon at coonednicasdcadmob ruben Sedoadechcae (fis) Rana SpReEe nb ocnE sone boride cos on aap aaD uc tReboD coODDoadeanage HL QUCLONVANUS A eee cress eee comcast eer PULTHNR EN aeer peneonsacccncaecereaee ceecrien sees eee es WAP OUO TOI goobreacnooyacabsabunoascbesacobasaoupHadooasmpacaoede 49 inaequilineatus .. 11 HO UITOWTEO. ocoborcadcopAcnacéopapss sso spdossoodonboppoaoemooegodeC 11 icin 1cl fp meodaetondooanrdedoscuritn saandaascoccacondoansontowneD dn oboe 49 TENGUXLANUS) eeEpeceRe eee eeecceescaenecceeecee cee ariir 49 PAW APY pbcicooandet gacoondndanocdncocuDssdonasoadsunSanasdopaDdaa9dbo0N 12 Qa Maia ide asanbancoosoocdeqacscanesooveasoopeDaoseosanceqDoddd 49,52 HEED Ot sae sonpoocooobhat ood bocdaoopadoudsaecodspeppooaDboscdadDooe 11 Waleleh lad lt pe Gnena codnododosccdbaceancaneodenddsortpacoprnadsovbade sos 11 WelhOGIATKY'. goannoboqoséasacagosoncsosbaasS5ab0acossopocaagesooacsseaD5 11 Turbo? IONE canooaenaconsoasss0n0ada0c0adansocosccoeasasnbaGenoogouHAaONAe michaleti WUTCICA orceodee ae eee eee aces (AA ghia ieeeesceacddqpdoon cat aecaneuonaasdccoucondokess Ns KD: Soosadouscosoonosassonoossannansgdaconondacppoddadassoduessad Gjok BoodnuboeasecadsnosooadsosodeeaheunsodsadcnscessauasperE 25,26,31,34 tumtellidy gastropods tecmreeeerccerrscsecerretrcer cers etces 3132539) Sig IMUIMATNOMWS Tos svanonsovoysnssbossoconocvacsnenaaoapscadscsndde 34 Umboniinae Unicardium\ sp ye neueiis acest VolutidugastxopodSpaeeesseere ascetic cesar sec: 31,35 I CROV MORE. -gacooncssbonpncbnocasebocoopopocaagenovoneadoocaccdaosonadas 68 Riek sconsonsoascabnadénsoodasbpsdosoouaqdoDoEdupasncscuaqacacosConcascT 31 aa) pete HU Huy PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS Palaeontographic Americana currently appears irregularly, on an average of about one issue every other year. 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