Voh 56 JANUARY 1980 No. 1 THE Pan-Pacific Entomologist DOYEN and MILLER—Review of Pleistocene Darkling Ground Beetles of the Cali¬ fornia Asphalt Deposits (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae, Zopheridae) ___ 1 MARI MUTT—Descriptive Notes for Nine Species of Heteromurus (S.G. Heteromur- trella ) and a Key to the Species (Collembola: Entomobryidae) _ 11 CHEMSAK et al.—Records of some Cerambycidae from Honduras (Coleoptera)_ 26 PARKER—Nests of Osmia marginipennis Cresson with a Description of the Female (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) _ 38 SCHAEFER et al.—On a Collection of Heteroptera (Hemiptera) from the Galapagos Islands _ 43 BEDNARIK and EDMUNDS—Descriptions of Larval Heptagenia from the Rocky Mountain Region (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) _ 51 BOHART—A Review of the North American Species of Dienoplus (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)_ 63 PHILIP—Further Notes on Far Eastern Tabanidae VII. New Generalized Oriental Species of Unusual Zoogeographic Interest (Diptera) _ 71 BULLINGTON and LAVIGNE—An Instance of Multiple Mating in Asilus gilvipes (Diptera: Asilidae) _ 79 BOOK REVIEW_ 25 ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE_ 50 SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA • 1980 Published by the PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY in cooperation with THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES The Pan-Pacific Entomologist EDITORIAL BOARD T. D. Eichlin, A. R. Hardy, Co-Editors S. Kuba, Editorial Asst. P. H. Arnaud, Jr., Treasurer H. B. Leech R. M. Bohart E. S. Ross J. A. Chemsak Published quarterly in January, April, July and October with Society Proceedings appearing in the October number. All communications regarding nonreceipt of num¬ bers, requests for sample copies, and financial communications should be addressed to the Treasurer, Dr. Paul H. Arnaud, Jr., California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118. 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Bezark, Secretary Statement of Ownership Title of Publication: The Pan-Pacific Entomologist. Frequency of Issue: Quarterly (January, April. July, October). Location of Office of Publication, Business Office of Publisher and Owner: Pacific Coast Entomological Society, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118. Editors: T. D. Eichlin and A. R. Hardy, Insect Taxonomy Laboratory, California Dept, of Food and Agriculture, 1220 N St., Sacramento, California 95814. Managing Editor and Known Bondholders or other Security Holders: None. This issue mailed 24 January 1980 Second Class Postage Paid at San Francisco, California and Additional otfices. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist (ISSN 0031-0603) PRINTED BY THE ALLEN PRESS. INC., LAWRENCE. KANSAS 66044. U.S.A. PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 56, No. 1 (1980), pp. 1-10 REVIEW OF PLEISTOCENE DARKLING GROUND BEETLES OF THE CALIFORNIA ASPHALT DEPOSITS (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE, ZOPHERIDAE) John T. Doyen Univ. of California, Berkeley 94720 AND Scott E. Miller 1 Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, CA 93105 Darkling ground beetles (Tenebrionidae) are the most abundant insects preserved in the California asphalt deposits, and have been found at Rancho La Brea, Carpinteria, McKittrick and Maricopa. A total of 33 species and subspecies have been recognized by various workers, including several which were regarded as extinct taxa. This paper reviews published reports for Rancho La Brea and McKittrick and presents new records for Carpin¬ teria. The fossil faunas are discussed in terms of the present California tenebrionid fauna and its distribution. The first tenebrionids recorded from the California asphalt deposits were from excavations at Rosemary, near Los Angeles. This site is now known as Rancho La Brea. These specimens were described by Grinnell (1908), who designated 3 new species of Eleodes from the material. Grinnell’s specimens were later examined by Blaisdell (1909:505-508) who believed they were synonymous with extant species. Essig (1931:1-11) listed several additional tenebrionids and zopherids from the La Brea de¬ posits. After a preliminary paper (1944) in which the lists of Essig and Grinnell were repeated, Pierce (1954a, b, c) catalogued the tenebrionid fau¬ nas of La Brea and McKittrick, describing 4 new species and 8 new sub¬ species. Pierce did not finish his work, never publishing on Eleodes, and no one has worked with the material since. The Pierce types were cata¬ logued by Sphon (1973). Like other arthropods preserved in the asphalt deposits, tenebrionid fos¬ sils consist almost entirely of disarticulated body parts. Tenebrionid frag¬ ments useful in recognizing taxa are: 1) the head capsule; 2) the prothorax; and 3) the combined pterothorax (including elytra) and anterior three ab¬ dominal sternites. Any one of these items is usually adequate for determi¬ nation to genus or species group. More precise identification, however, is most reliably made by comparing details of surface sculpturing, which, as noted by Blaisdell (1909), are often obscured or modified, even in well- 2 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST cleaned specimens. Furthermore, much of the material from the La Brea deposits appears badly abraded, probably by water transport from adjacent hills. Prominences such as the elytral humeri, the epipleural ridges and the prosternal process are rounded or sometimes obliterated in such specimens, and cuticular sculpturing and appearance are drastically altered. Some of the material studied by Grinnell and Essig was incorrectly identified because of this problem. Pierce felt that fragments he could not associate with known species should be described as new taxa so that they could be considered “identi¬ fied.” Most are obviously very similar to extant species which occur in southern California today, and were described by Pierce as new subspecies. As indicated by Miller and Peck (1979), infraspecific names are inappro¬ priate, since the fossils do not represent geographic races and there is no morphological basis upon which to found chronospecies. Consequently, these names are placed in synonymy below. We have re-examined the material described by Grinnell, Essig and Pierce in order to provide the following lists. We have not examined the large number of unstudied tenebrionids from the recent re-excavation at La Brea Pit 91. In addition, unstudied Eleodes are available from the McKittrick and Maricopa asphalts. Rancho La Brea The Rancho La Brea asphalt deposits in Los Angeles are well known for vertebrate fossils, and have a complex history of excavation. Specimens unearthed during the early (1905-1912) excavations by the University of California are deposited at the University of California Museum of Paleon¬ tology in Berkeley. This material forms the basis of the species lists of Grinnell and Essig. The most extensive excavations were undertaken by the Los Angeles County Museum from 1913 to 1915, and included Pits 4, 9, 28 and 81, which produced many of the fossils studied by Pierce. Pits A, B, and C were excavated in 1929, and Pierce’s “Bliss 29” material was col¬ lected from these sites. Pierce’s “Pit(?)” or “Pit X” refers to mixed material lacking data (Pierce, 1954a), and may not be fossil. Further details of ex¬ cavation are provided by Miller and Peck (1979). The following list includes the species known to be represented in the La Brea material, with synonyms listed where appropriate. TENEBRIONIDAE Apsena laticornis Casey [Essig, 1931; Pierce, 1954b]. Apsena labreae Pierce, 1954b. NEW SYNONYMY. Apsena pubescens (LeConte) [Pierce, 1954b]. Apsena rufipes (Eschscholtz) [Pierce, 1954b]. VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 3 Coniontis abdominalis LeConte [Grinnell, 1908; Pierce, 1954c]. Coniontis abdominalis caseyi Pierce, 1954c. NEW SYNONYMY. Coniontis abdominalis fragmans Pierce, 1954c. NEW SYNONYMY. Coniontis abdominalis labreae Pierce, 1954c. NEW SYNONYMY. Coniontis blissi Pierce, 1954c. NEW SYNONYMY. Coniontis pectoralis interrupta Pierce, 1954c. NEW SYNONYMY. Coniontis pectoralis paraelliptica Pierce, 1954c. NEW SYNONYMY. Coniontis tristis alpha Pierce, 1954c. NEW SYNONYMY. Coniontis tristis asphalti Pierce, 1954c. NEW SYNONYMY. Coniontis tristis latigula Pierce, 1954c. NEW SYNONYMY. Coniontis elliptica Casey [Grinnell, 1908; Pierce, 1954c]. Coniontis remnans Pierce, 1954c. Coniontis lamentabilis Blaisdell [Pierce, 1954c]. Eleodes acnticaudus LeConte [Grinnell, 1908; Essig, 1931]. Eleodes gracilis distans Essig (not Blaisdell), 1931. Eleodes omissus Essig (not LeConte), 1931. Eleodes laticollis LeConte [Grinnell, 1908; Essig, 1931]. Eleodes grandicollis LeConte [Grinnell, 1908; Essig, 1931]. Eleodes elongatus Grinnell, 1908. Eleodes osculans (LeConte) ( =Cratidus osculans\ see Doyen and Law¬ rence, 1979) [Essig, 1931]. Eleodes behri Grinnell, 1908 [Essig, 1931]. NEW SYNONYMY. Eleodes intermedins Grinnell, 1908. NEW SYNONYMY. Eleodes consobrinus Grinnell (not LeConte), 1908. Eleodes omissus LeConte. Nyctoporis carinata LeConte [Essig, 1931; Pierce, 1954a]. ZOPHERIDAE Noserus plicatus LeConte [Pierce, 1954a; identified as N. corrosus Casey]. Phloeodes pustulosus LeConte [Pierce, 1954a]. These species are represented by reasonably complete remains, usually the pterothorax (including elytra) and abdomen, and may readily be asso¬ ciated with extant species. Coniontis remnans Pierce cannot be synony- mized with any presently described species. It probably represents an un¬ recognized southern California species of the opaca group of Casey (1908). The paratypes of C. pectoralis interrupta were incorrectly assigned to C. blissi by Sphon (1973). Coniontis puncticollis LeConte and C. robusta Horn, listed from La Brea by Grinnell (1908) are represented by remains which are too fragmentary to allow taxonomic assignment. Several other species attributed to the Rancho La Brea deposits clearly represent misdeterminations. For example, 4 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Eleodes behri and Eleodes intermedius were described by Grinnell (1908) as new species of the subgenus Blapylis. Blaisdell (1909) suggested that both should be placed in synonymy under E. parvicollis Eschscholtz, which presently occurs in the area of San Francisco Bay. Cleaning of Grinnell’s type specimens revealed that the elytral sculpturing is coarsely punctate, rather than tuberculate, as in Blapylis. The epipleuron is exceptionally broad, and slightly concave, as noted by Blaisdell, who attributed this to distortion caused by preservation. These specimens clearly represent Eleodes osculans (LeConte), but lack the characteristic long setation which was apparently lost during preservation. The abdomen of the type of inter¬ medins still contained well preserved male genitalia, allowing further con¬ firmation of its correct identity. The elytra identified by Grinnell as those of Eleodes consobrinus also represent E. osculans. The specimens attributed by Essig (1931) to Eleodes omissus LeConte and E. gracilis distans Blaisdell are badly abraded remains of E. acuticau- dus LeConte. In acuticaudus the elytral declivity bears a median longitu¬ dinal depression, and the mesocoxal cavities are separated from the meta- coxal cavities by less than half the mesocoxal diameter. In E. gracilis the elytral declivity is slightly raised along the midline, and in omissus the declivity is flat. In both species the coxal cavities are more distant. Eleodes omissus is represented among undetermined Rancho La Brea material in the University of California Museum of Paleontology (Locality No. 2051). Eleodes gracilis is not presently known from the La Brea deposits, but has been identified from the Carpinteria deposit. McKittrick Asphalt Deposit The ‘'classic” McKittrick asphalt deposit of vertebrate fossils is in Kern County, about one km south of McKittrick. Pierce’s material came from adjacent sites (sites 3 and 4; LACMIP locality 260) along a road cut south¬ east of the vertebrate localities (Pierce, 1947b; Miller and Peck, 1979). Lo¬ cality and age data are confused for Pierce’s McKittrick specimens, which are probably younger than the vertebrate fossils (Miller and Peck, 1979). Unstudied Eleodes are present in material from the vertebrate fossil local¬ ities, and Eleodes has also been found in asphalt deposits near Maricopa in Kern County. At present the only tenebrionid species recorded from the McKittrick deposits is Parasida mckittricki Pierce, 1954a. The holotype consists of the pterothorax, elytra and the abdominal sternites, with the right rear leg still articulated with the body. This specimen is remarkably preserved, clearly showing the original cuticular sculpturing, and by comparison with museum specimens is easily associated with the costipennis complex of Stenomor- pha. The holotype of Stenomorpha mckittricki is clearly conspecific with VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 5 beetles which presently occur in the vicinity of McKittrick. The excellent preservation of the type specimens suggests that they may have become embedded in the asphalt very recently; certainly they are less modified than Eleodes fossils from the Maricopa or Rancho La Brea deposits. Because Pierce’s description was restricted only to the posterior part of the body, Stenomorpha mckittricki is redescribed here. Stenomorpha mckittricki (Pierce) (Fig. 1) Parasida mckittricki Pierce 1954a:43. Body elongate, suboval, constricted at waist, convex; black with sparse covering of short, decumbent setae; legs reddish brown. Epistoma, frons and genae with closely set large punctures, separated by less than puncture diameter anteriorly, becoming sparser on vertex; large punctures irregularly interspersed with much smaller, sparse punctures; mentum transversely oval, shallowly and narrowly emarginate anteriorly, coarsely, closely punc¬ tate; antennae with 1st segment about twice as long as broad, 2nd segment subquadrate, 3rd segment about 4 times length of 2nd, segments 4-9 trap¬ ezoidal, about 1.5 times as long as broad, segments 9-10 about 1.5 times broader than long, segment 11 small, globular, amplected in 10; eyes elon¬ gate oval, barely emarginate in front. Pronotum broadly, shallowly emar¬ ginate anteriorly, with acutely rounded anterior angles; lateral margins evenly arcuate, upturned; posterior margin evenly arcuate, with angles ob¬ tuse, reflexed; disk set with coarse, contiguous punctures, becoming coarser laterally and sharply punctatorugose near lateral margins; hypomera and sternum very coarsely, shallowly and sparsely punctate; prosternal process gradually declivous posteriorly, not projecting. Elytra finely, sparsely and shallowly punctate with raised medial margin and 4 prominent, sharply rounded longitudinal costae; costae anastamosing posteriorly, 1st (inner¬ most) and 2nd usually fusing about 3 A posteriorly, 3rd terminating 3 A pos¬ teriorly, and 4th fusing with 1st and 2nd near elytral apex; 4th costa forming pseudoepipleuron, true epipleuron short, extending from 3rd to 5th abdom¬ inal sternites, not reaching elytral apex; abdominal sternites alutaceous to finely rugose or finely, asperately rugose. Femora punctatorugose to rugose; tibiae faintly rugose or very sparsely, finely tuberculate. Length, 11-16 mm; greatest elytral width, 5-7.5 mm. Holotype, consisting of posterior half of body, from McKittrick Asphalt Deposit, Pierce Site 4, depth 4', Kern Co., California; Invertebrate Paleon¬ tology type no. 3064, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County; 1 paratype, same data; 4 paratypes, same data but Pierce site 3. Modern material examined. —130 individuals, California, Kern Co., 1.6 km (1 mi) NE McKittrick, March 19, 1975. J. Doyen. 6 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Fig. 1. Dorsal aspect of female of Stenomorpha mckittricki (Pierce) VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 7 Remarks.—Stenomorpha mckittricki is known only from the region im¬ mediately around McKittrick, where it occurs on the eroded badlands ad¬ jacent to the San Joaquin Valley. During its limited period of activity in early to mid-spring it can be exceedingly abundant. Stenomorpha mckittricki is similar to S. costipennis (LeConte) and S. neutralis (Casey). Both of these species have black legs (red in mckittricki) and have the integument glabrous or with very short, sparse setae (longer, denser in mckittricki). Stenomorpha costipennis and neutralis occur north of the distribution of mckittricki, at various localities in Kern, Kings and Fresno Counties, along the western margin of the San Joaquin Valley. Asphalt Deposits at Carpinteria The Carpinteria asphalt deposit is located about 2 km southeast of Car¬ pinteria, Santa Barbara County. Fossils were first discovered in the Car¬ pinteria asphalt quarry in 1927, and excavations were initiated by the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. After the quarry was abandoned, the site was used as a refuse dump, beginning about 1940. Subsequently the natural topography of the area was so drastically altered by human activities that the asphalt beds are no longer accessible for study. Tenebrionids are here recorded from Carpinteria for the first time. Speci¬ mens are deposited in the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History and the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. A detailed treatment of the fossil insect fauna of Carpinteria is in preparation by Miller. Fragments of unidentified Eleodes occur in the Carpinteria deposits, as well as the species listed below. Eleodes acuticaudus LeConte; 6 specimens, elytra and abdomens Eleodes laticollis LeConte; 15 specimens, elytra and abdomens Eleodes gracilis LeConte; 5 specimens, elytra and abdomens Eleodes grandicollis Mannerheim; 1 prothorax Eleodes giganteus Mannerheim; 2 prothoraces Discussion and Summary A total of 18 species (16 Tenebrionidae, 2 Zopheridae) can be definitely identified from the California asphalt deposits. The Rancho La Brea deposit, with 13 species of Tenebrionidae and 2 Zopheridae, comprises the richest fauna, but probably only because it has been more completely studied. The assemblage from Carpinteria, represented by only a small sample, contains 5 species, including 1 not yet confirmed in the Rancho La Brea material. The 18 species represent a little over half of the cumulative number of species attributed to the asphalt deposits by various authors. Most of the reduction results from placing Pierce’s taxa of Coniontis in synonymy. Sev- 8 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST eral species have been deleted from the Rancho La Brea list because of misidentification. In particular, the subgenus Blapylis of Eleodes is not represented among material we examined. With the possible exception of Coniontis remnans the fossils recovered from the asphalt deposits represent species which occur in the same regions today. The three most abundant species in the Rancho La Brea material, Eleodes acuticaudus, E. osculans and Coniontis abdominalis, are very common in remnants of coastal scrub and dry woodland habitats in southern California. Coniontis lamentabilis occurs in coastal scrub, generally on mar¬ itime bluffs or behind coastal sand dunes. The remaining species occur in many semiarid habitats in southern and central California, and Noserus plicatus, Phloeodes pustulosus and Nyctoporis carinata are most abundant in woodland situations, ranging into coniferous forest. It is significant that species which are restricted to woodland or forest habitats have not been recorded from the fossil deposits. For example, Coelocnemis magna LeConte, C. californica Mannerheim and Cibdelis blaschkei Mannerheim are extremely common in southern California woodland. These are distinc¬ tive species which would be easily recognized if present in the asphalt de¬ posits. Contrary to popular belief (i.e. Stock, 1956), the “pits” at Rancho La Brea do not represent deep pools of liquid asphalt which trapped unwary animals continuously for 40,000 years. Recent studies (Woodard and Mar¬ cus, 1973) and continuing excavation (W. A. Akersten, pers. comm.) have revealed afar more complex situation. Many insects, including tenebrionids, were probably trapped in relatively shallow puddles of asphalt, while others appear to have been deposited in stream sediments and preserved by sub¬ sequent asphalt impregnation of the sediments. Paleoecological interpreta¬ tion of the tenebrionids recorded from Rancho La Brea is difficult due to uncertainties in age and mode of accumulation. Pierce’s material is domi¬ nated by specimens from “Pit (?)” and “Bliss ‘29,” which may include a large amount of Recent contamination. Pit A, also dominant in Pierce’s material, was placed among the younger accumulations by Howard (1962), based on fossil bird faunal composition. Overall, the recorded tenebrionids suggest a drier and warmer period than implied by most Rancho La Brea fossils. This may reflect differences in age (the beetles being comparatively younger) or habitat (the beetles walking or being carried by water from adjacent drier habitats). The insects associated with Late Pleistocene ver¬ tebrate faunas are too few in number for useful comparison. Study of spec¬ imens from the recent excavation of Pit 91 may allow more meaningful comparisons, and could reveal a more diverse fauna. The tenebrionid species represented by the Carpinteria fossils all pres¬ ently occupy dry scrub and woodland habitats in southern and south central California. Eleodes grandicollis and E. giganteus range north to the San VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 9 Francisco Bay region, and E. acuticaudus to Monterey County, but in the northern portions of their ranges these species occupy areas of local aridity or with exceptionally well-drained soils. Thus, the tenebrionid assemblage indicates a climate and ecological situation similar to that now present at Carpinteria, rather than the predominantly moister environment suggested by vertebrate and plant fossils studied by Chaney and Mason (1933), DeMay (1941) and Wilson (1933). The only tenebrionid species recorded from Pierce’s McKittrick material is presently restricted to the McKittrick region. These specimens may be subfossil material which became embedded in the asphalt very recently, and are of very limited use in paleoecological reconstruction. The Eleodes from the “classic” vertebrate localities probably represent a different age, and may be more useful indicators of past environments at the McKittrick site. Acknowledgments This study was supported and assisted by Edward C. Wilson, Christopher A. Shaw and William A. Akersten (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County), F. G. Hochberg (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History), and Joseph H. Peck (University of California Museum of Paleontology). Wilson and Peck were especially helpful in allowing study of type material. The il¬ lustration of Stenomorpha mckittricki was prepared by Celeste Green. Literature Cited Blaisdell, F. E. 1909. A monographic revision of the Coleoptera belonging to the tenebrionid tribe Eleodiini inhabiting the United States, Lower California, and adjacent Islands. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 63:xi + 524 pp., 15 pis. Casey, T. L. 1908. A revision of the tenebrionid subfamily Coniontinae. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 10:51-166. Chaney, R. W., and H. L. Mason. 1933. A Pleistocene flora from the asphalt deposits at Carpinteria, California. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ., 415:45-79. DeMay, I. S. 1941. Pleistocene bird life of the Carpinteria asphalt, California. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ., 530:61-76. Doyen, J. T., and J. F. Lawrence. 1979. Relationships and higher classification of some Tenebrionidae and Zopheridae (Coleoptera). Syst. Entomol., 4:(in press). Essig, E. O. 1931. A history of entomology. MacMillan, New York, vii + 1029 pp. Grinnell, F. 1908. Quaternary myriapods and insects of California. Univ. Calif. Publ. Geol., 5:207-215. Howard, H. 1962. A comparison of avian assemblages from individual pits at Rancho La Brea, California. Los Angeles Co. Mus. Contrib. Sci., 58:1-24. Miller, S. E., and S. B. Peck. 1979. Fossil carrion beetles of Pleistocene California asphalt deposits, with a synopsis of Holocene California Silphidae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Silphi- dae). Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 19:85-106. Pierce, W. D. 1944. Fossil arthropods of California. 1. Introductory statement. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 43:1-3. Pierce, W. D. 1947. Fossil arthropods of California. 14. A progress report on the McKittrick asphalt field. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 46:138-143. 10 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Pierce, W. D. 1954a. Fossil arthropods of California. No. 18. The Tenebrionidae—Tentyriinae of the asphalt deposits. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 53:35-45. Pierce, W. D. 1954b. Fossil arthropods of California. No. 19. The Tenebrionidae—Scaurinae of the asphalt deposits. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 53:93-98. Pierce, W. D. 1954c. Fossil arthropods of California. No. 20. The Tenebrionidae—Coniontinae of the asphalt deposits. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 53:142-156. Sphon, G. C. 1973. Additional type specimens of fossil Invertebrata in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co. Contrib. Sci., 250:1-75. Stock, C. 1956. Rancho La Brea: a record of Pleistocene life in California. Los Angeles Co. Mus. Nat. Hist. Sci. Ser., 20:1-81. Wilson, R. W. 1933. Pleistocene mammalian fauna from the Carpinteria asphalt. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ., 440:59-76. Woodard, G. D., and L. F. Marcus. 1973. Rancho La Brea fossil deposits: a re-evaluation from stratigraphic and geological evidence. Jour. Paleontol., 47:54-69. Footnote 1 Research Associate in Invertebrate Paleontology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. PUBLICATION NOTICE Papp, C. S. 1979. An Illustrated Catalog of the Cryptorhynchinae of the Western World, with Generic Descriptions, References to the Literature, and Deposition of Type Material (Coleoptera: Curculionidae):I-XVII + 1-467, with 39 plates and 36 portraits; Paper; Order through “Cali¬ fornia Dept, of Food and Agric. Acct. #1-03-361,” 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA 95814. $14.00 postpaid. PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 56, No. 1 (1980), pp. 11-25 DESCRIPTIVE NOTES FOR NINE SPECIES OF HETEROMURUS (S.G. HETEROMURTRELLA ) AND A KEY TO THE SPECIES (COLLEMBOLA: ENTOMOBRYIDAE) 1 Jose A. Mari Mutt Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagiiez 00708 The subgenus Heteromurtrella was erected by Mari Mutt (1979a) for the 12 tropical species of Heteromunis not belonging in Alloscopus Borner 1903 (reviewed by Mari Mutt (1978a)), the only other tropical subgenus. The description of Heteromurtrella was supplemented with descriptions of two new species (barrai and puertoricensis ), by a map detailing the geographic distribution of all the species, and by a key to the subgenera of Hetero- murus. The present contribution completes a revision of Heteromurtrella through a key to the species and addition to the descriptions of nine species. Throughout this paper I have used a series of abbreviations to indicate the repository of specimens. These are as follows: BMNH—British Museum (Natural History), Department of Entomology, Cromwell Rd., London SW7 5BD, England; FMNH—Field Museum of Natural History, Roosevelt Rd. and Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605; INHS—Illinois Natural His¬ tory Survey, Division of Faunistics Surveys, Natural Resources Bldg., Ur- bana, Illinois 61801; JAB—J. A. Barra collection, Institut de Zoologie, 12 rue de l’Universite, 67000 Strasbourg, France; JAMM—J. A. Mari Mutt collection, Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagiiez, Puerto Rico 00708; MCZ—Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Uni¬ versity, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; MNHN—Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Ecologie Generate, 4 Avenue du Petit Chateau, 91— Brunoy, France; NZNM—New Zealand National Museum, Private Bag, Wellington, New Zealand; RY—R. Yosii collection, Department of Biology, Yoshida College, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan. Key to Species 1. Eyes 6 + 6. abruptus Eyes 2 + 2 or 1 + 1. 2 2. Head and body deeply pigmented throughout . 3 Pigment absent, restricted to eye patch, restricted to anterior por¬ tion of head and to antennae or if diffused throughout head and body ( stannardi ) it is very light and visible only under magnifi¬ cation . 4 12 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST 3. Ungues relatively short, basally wide, bidentate (Salmon, 1954:126, fig. 8); Uganda. lividus Ungues long, basally slender, tridentate (Fig. 23; Denis, 1931:144, figs. 148-150); Costa Rica. diommatus 4. Abd. 1 with 1 or 2 machrochaetae per side. 5 Abd. 1 with 3 macrochaetae per side. 7 5. Three P macrochaetae present 2 (Mari Mutt, 1977:327, fig. 1); body macrochaetotaxy as in Mari Mutt, 1977:327, fig. 2; labral papillae of type III (Fig. 3); very diffuse pigment on antennae, head, body and coxae (pigment visible only under high magnification); un- guiculus without tooth on inner margin; mucro without basal spine; Solomon Islands (Guadalcanal) . stannardi One P macrochaeta present (Fig. 9); body macrochaetotaxy as in Figures 10 or 19; labral papillae of type II (Fig. 1); fairly con¬ centrated pigment restricted to anterior portion of head and to antennae; unguiculus with inner tooth; mucro with basal spine 6 6. Abd. 1 with 1 macrochaeta per side; outer pair of macrochaetae of Th. 3 close together (Fig. 10); Gabon. mirificus Abd. 1 with 2 macrochaetae per side; outer pair of macrochaetae of Th. 3 farther apart (Fig. 19); Uganda. similis 7. Th. 2 with 4 inner posterior setae (Fig. 17). 8 Th. 2 with 2 or 3 inner posterior setae (Figs. 10, 16, 18, 19). 9 8. Th. 3 with 7 macrochaetae per side (Yosii, 1964:15, fig. 6h); labral papillae of type III (Yosii, 1964:15, fig. 6a): eyes 1 + 1; Tonga Islands (Eua) . nitens Th. 3 with 6 macrochaetae per side (Fig. 17); labral papillae of type II (Fig. 2); Eyes 2 + 2; Costa Rica, Guatemala, Peru . schoetti 9. Th. 2 with 2 inner posterior setae (Mari Mutt, 1979a:fig. 7); 2 P macrochaetae present (Mari Mutt, 1979a:fig. 2); unguiculus with inner toothlike projection; Gabon. barrai Th. 2 with 3 inner posterior setae (Figs. 16, 18); 3 P macrochaetae present (e.g. Figs. 5, 8); unguiculus without inner toothlike pro¬ jection . 10 10. Eyes not surrounded by pigment; mucro without basal spine; Ga¬ bon . subdubius Eyes surrounded by pigment; mucro with basal spine . 11 11. Tibiotarsi with inner row of smooth (very finely striated) setae (Barra, 1968:111, fig. 4); differentiated seta of outer labial papilla reaching apex of its papilla (Fig. 15); Ivory Coast. dubius All tibiotarsal setae conspicuously ciliated; differentiated seta of outer labial papilla typical, not reaching apex of its papilla (Mari Mutt, 1979a:fig. 15); Puerto Rico. puertoricensis VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 13 Heteromurus ( Heteromartrella) stannardi Mari Mutt Heteromurus stannardi Mari Mutt, 1977:326-329. Mari Mutt, 1978a:242. Mari Mutt, 1978b:5. Apex of Ant. 5 without pin seta but with 1 or 2 unusually long, apically spatulated setae (Fig. 20, 21). Eyes (2 + 2) surrounded by dark pigment. Labral papillae of type III (Fig. 3); middle pair large, placed close together, lateral pair rounded in dorsal view. Labial chaetotaxy as in Fig. 13. Setae of maxillary palp typical of subgenus (e.g. Fig. 12). Differentiated seta of outer labial papilla not reaching apex of its papilla (Fig. 14). Inner unguicular lamellae toothless. Abd. 2 with a second macrochaeta (omitted in original description) placed in the same position as in other members of subgenus (e.g. Figs. 10, 16). Dorsum of manubrium with 3 pairs of smooth erect setae; proximal dorsal portion of dentes with a pair of these setae. Diagnosis. —The species is closest to H. nitens and subdubius. From the first it may be separated by the color pattern, claw structure, number eyes (1 + 1 in nitens, 2 + 2 in stannardi), chaetotaxy of Th.2-Abd. 1, and by lack of periocellar pigmentation in nitens. From subdubius it may be sep¬ arated by the color pattern, claw structure, chaetotaxy of Abds. 1-4, ab¬ sence of periocellar pigmentation in subdubius, and by the type of labral papillae (II in subdubius, III in stannardi). Material examined and distribution. —INHS. Solomon Islands, Gua¬ dalcanal, Mt. Popamanasiu, 1320 m, Nov. 1-4, 1965, mossy ridge forest litter, P. N. Lawrence, col., Royal Society Expedition, B. M. 1966—1, 3 paratypes. The holotype and additional paratypes are at the BMNH. The species is known from a single locality in the Solomon Islands. Heteromurus ( Heteromurtrella) mirificus (Salmon) Ptenura mirifica Salmon, 1954:125-127. Salmon, 1964:480. Heteromurus mirificus (Salmon). Barra, 1968:107, 114-116, 117 (misidenti- fication, specimens described as a new species by Mari Mutt, 1979a). Habitus as in Figure 27. Length up to 1.7 mm. Pigment restricted to antennae and anterior half of head. Pin seta not seen but apex of Ant. 5 with a conspicuous apically knobbed seta. Eyes 2 + 2 on dark patch. Head macrochaetotaxy as in Figure 9. Labral papillae of type II (Fig. 1), large, strongly hooked and apically pointed, not as type II of schoetti (see Fig. 2), shorter than in barrai. Labial chaetotaxy, setae of maxillary palp, and dif¬ ferentiated seta of outer labial papilla typical of subgenus. Body macro¬ chaetotaxy as in Figure 10. Tibiotarsi without smooth setae. Structure of claws as in Figure 24, inner margin of unguiculus with conspicuous tooth. 14 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST No smooth setae seen on furcula but this may be due to condition of spec¬ imens. Mucro with basal spine. Diagnosis .—The species is most similar to H. similis from which it may be separated by the chaetotaxy of Abd. 1 (2 setae in mirificus, 1 in similis), and by the relative position of the outer pair of macrochaetae of Th. 3 (Figs. 10, 19). Material examined and distribution. —BMNH, Uganda, Ruwenzori, Mt. Baker, about 4340 m, in soil sample R3, Feb. 2, 1949, G. Salt, col., 1 paratype (J. T. Salmon colln., 3788, 1953—388). MCZ. Ruwenzori, above Lake Bujuka, under moss on stone, about 4000 m, Jan. 31, 1949, G. Salt, col., 2 paratypes (J. T. Salmon colln., 2598-9, 29423). The holotype (not seen) is at the BMNH. The species is known only from Uganda. Heteromurus (. Heteromurtrella ) similis Barra Heteromurus similis Barra, 1968:105-107, 112-114, 117. This species is very similar to H. mirificus (sensu Salmon, 1954, nec. Barra, 1968); the only difference I can find is the chaetotaxy of Th. 3-Abd. 2 (Figs. 10, 19). Both species are similar in all other characteristics listed under mirificus. Habitus as in Figure 28, manubrium dorsally with smooth setae. Material examined and distribution. —JAB. Gabon, Plateau-Ipassa, IPA 5E, 17, June 7, 1956, in soil 0-5 cm, J. A. Barra, col., holotype and 1 paratype. As preceding but IPA 3, fruit B, May 15, 1966, fruit B of Stro¬ phantus sarmentosus lying on soil, 1 paratype. As preceding but IPA 6, Cl. 3, June 11, 1966, on burned area, 1 paratype. The species is known only from Gabon. Heteromurus (. Heteromurtrella) nitens Yosii Heteromurus nitens Yosii, 1964:14-16. Barra, 1968:106, 110. Mari Mutt, 1977:326. The type material of this species is in the author’s collection (RY) and has not been available for study. Judging from the original description, the species appears closest to H. stannardi and subdubius. From the former it may be separated by a series Figs. 1-9. Figs. 1-4. Labral papillae. 1. Heteromurus ( Heteromurtrella ) mirificus. 2. H. (H.) schoetti. 3. H. (H.) stannardi. 4. H. (H.) diommatus. Figs. 5-9. Head macrochaetotaxy, each dot represents one seta. 5. H. {H.) dubius. 6. H. (H.) schoetti. 7. H. ( H.) diommatus. 8. H. (H.) subdubius. 9. H. (H.) mirificus. VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 15 1 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST 15 VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 17 of characters listed in that species’ diagnosis. From subdubius it may be separated by the color pattern, claw structure, chaetotaxy of Th. 2 & Abd. 1, and by the type of labral papillae (II in subdubius, III in nitens ). The species is known only from its type locality in the Tonga Islands (Eua). Heteromurus ( Heteromurtrella) schoetti Denis Heteromurus schoetti Denis, 1931:145, 146, 164. Denis, 1933:254-255. Barra 1968:105, 107. Ptenura schoetti (Denis). Salmon, 1964:483. Heteromurus ( Heteromurus ) schoetti Denis. Mari Mutt, 1978a:244. Heteromurus bidentatus Denis, 1931:146, 147, 164. Denis, 1933:255. Yosii, 1964:16. Barra, 1968:105, 107. NEW SYNONYMY. Ptenura bidentata (Denis). Salmon, 1964:478. Habitus as in Figure 30. Length up to 2.0 mm (type material up to 1.5 mm). Completely devoid of pigment. Apex of Ant. 5 without pin seta but with a long, apically knobbed seta (Fig. 22). Eyes 2 + 2, not surrounded by pigment. Head macrochaetotaxy as in Figure 6. Labral papillae of type II (Fig. 2), all strongly conelike, straight, not as type II of mirificus (see Fig. 1). Labial chaetotaxy (Fig. 11), setae of maxillary palp (Fig. 12), and dif¬ ferentiated seta of outer labial papilla typical of subgenus. Tibiotarsi without smooth setae. Ungues bi-, tri-, or quadridentate (Figs. 25, 26). Unguiculus without inner tooth. Body macrochaetotaxy as in Figure 17. Dorsum of manubrium with 4 pairs of smooth setae arranged in 2 longitudinal rows; 1 pair of these setae also on dorsal proximal portion of dentes. Mucro with or without basal spine (see comments). Diagnosis. —The species is close to H. puertoricensis and nitens. From the first it may be separated by the chaetotaxy of Th. 2 (with 7 posterior setae in schoetti (Fig. 17), with 6 posterior setae in puertoricensis, see Mari Mutt, 1979a: fig. 6), and by the type of labral papillae (II in schoetti, III in puertoricensis ). Denis’ species may be separated from nitens by the chae¬ totaxy of Th. 3, type of labral papillae (II in schoetti, III in nitens), and by the number of eyes (2 + 2 in schoetti, 1 + 1 in nitens ). Comments .—The three specimens from Guatemala (see material exam- Figs. 10-19. Fig. 10. H. ( H .) mirificus —body macrochaetotaxy. Fig. 11. H. (H.) schoetti — chaetotaxy of labial triangle. Fig. 12. H. (. H .) schoetti —maxillary palp. Fig. 13. H. (. H .) stannardi —chaetotaxy of labial triangle. Figs. 14-15. Differentiated seta of outer labial pa¬ pilla. 14. H. ( H .) stannardi. 15. H. {H.) dubius. Figs. 16-19. Body macrochaetotaxy. 16. H. ( H .) subdubius. 17. H. (, H .) schoetti. 18. H. (H.) dubius. 19. H. (//.) similis. PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 19 ined) differ in two ways from those of Costa Rica. The largest Guatemalan specimen is about 2.0 mm long while none of the Costa Rican specimens exceed 1.5 mm. No trace of mucronal spine is found in the Guatemalan specimens, the site where the base of the spine should be is occupied by a conspicuous depression. The basal spine seems absent in one of the mu- crones of two Costa Rican specimens. Both Peruvian specimens possess the basal spine. The condition of preservation of the Costa Rican material did not allow the comparison of many characters between both groups of specimens but for those that could be studied both groups are identical. The four inner macrochaetae of Th. 2 are clearly visible in the Costa Rican specimens. One of the front ungues of one Guatemalan specimen is clearly bidentate and based on this I regard bidentatus as a junior synonym of schoetti. Specimens of both taxa have been collected together (Denis, 1931:147). Material examined and distribution. —MNHN. Costa Rica, Orizuaco (spelled Orijuco in label), Mat. Silvestri 1930, T:2, 4 syntypes (slide D-0007). San Jose, Mat. Silvestri 1930, T:16, 1 syntype (slide D-0009). La Carpinteria, C.R. 32, No. 12, March 1931, 1 specimen (slide D-0008). La Palma, C.R. 32, July 1931, 1 specimen (as H. bidentatus, slide D-0006). FMNH. Gua¬ temala, Finca San Rafael, Sacatepaquez, 2300 m, June 30, 1948, leaf mold, R. D. Mitchell, col., Field Museum of Natural History Guatemala Expedi¬ tion, 2 specimens. INHS. 1 specimen from preceding locality. JAMM. Peru, surroundings of Tingo Maria, Monzon-Tal, banana plantation, 800 m, Dec. 14, 1956, C. Winter, col., 2 specimens (identified as H. nitidus (Templeton) by Winter 1963:509, collection 34a). The species is known from Costa Rica, Guatemala and Peru. Heteromurus ( Heteromurtrella ) subdubius Barra Heteromurus subdubius Barra, 1968:105, 106, 108-110, 112, 117. Mari Mutt, 1977:326 (misspelled subduvius). Habitus as in Figure 29. Completely unpigmented. Pin seta and apically knobbed seta of Ant. 5 present. Eyes 2 + 2, not surrounded by pigment. Head macrochaetotaxy as in Figure 8, Ao absent. Labral papillae of type III, as in diommatus (Fig. 4). Tibiotarsi without smooth setae. Ungues tri-. Figs. 20-26. Figs. 20-22. Apex of Ant. 5. 20, 21. H. (H.) stannardi. 22. H. ( H.) schoetti. Figs. 23-26. Metathoracic claws. 23. H. (//.) diommatus. 24. H. ( H .) mirificus 25, 26. H. ( H .) schoetti from Guatemala. 20 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Figs. 27-28. Habitus. 27. H. (. H .) mirificus —paratype deposited at the MCZ. 28. H. (H.) similis —holotype. or quadridentate. Unguiculus without tooth on inner margin. Body macro- chaetotaxy as in Figure 16. Dorsum of manubrium and proximal dorsal portion of dentes with smooth setae. Mucro with basal spine. Diagnosis .—The species is closest to H. dubius and puertoricensis. It VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 21 30 TV i * w Figs. 29-30. Habitus. 29. H. (. H.) subdubius —holotype. 30. H. (H.) schoetti —specimen from Guatemala. may be separated from both by the absence of periocellar pigmentation and mucronal spine in subdubius. Material examined and distribution. —JAB. Gabon, Plateau-Ipassa, IPA 8 AVTC 5, June 23, 1966, in leaf litter, J. A. Barra, col., holotype. As preceding but IPA 6 Cig, June 11, 1966, 2 paratypes. The species is known only from Gabon (Plateau-Ipassa). 22 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Heteromurus ( Heteromurtrella ) dubius Delamare Deboutteville Heteromurus dubius Delamare Deboutteville, in Delamare Deboutteville & Paulian, 1952:68. Delamare Deboutteville, 1951a:54, 67. Delamare De¬ boutteville, 195lb:271. Barra, 1968:105, 106, 108, 110-112, 117. Mari Mutt, 1978a:242. Ptenura dubius (Delamare Deboutteville). Salmon, 1964:479. Length up to 1.2 mm. Pigment restricted to eye patch. Apex of Ant. 5 with knobbed seta. Eyes 2 + 2. Head macrochaetotaxy as in Figure 5. Labral papillae of type III, as in diommatus (Fig. 4). Labial chaetotaxy and setae of maxillary palp typical of subgenus. Differentiated seta of outer labial papilla as in Figure 15, reaching apex of its papilla. Tibiotarsi with an inner row of smooth (finely striated) setae (see Barra, 1968:111, Fig. 4). Ungues tri- or quadridentate. Unguiculus without tooth on inner margin. Body macrochaetotaxy as in Figure 18. Dorsum of manubrium with four pairs of smooth erect setae arranged in two longitudinal rows. Mucro with basal spine. Diagnosis. —The species is closest to H. subdubius and puertoricensis. It may be distinguished from the first by the presence of periocellar pig¬ mentation in dubius, absence of the mucronal spine in subdubius, and by the tibiotarsal chaetotaxy. From puertoricensis it may be separated by the tibiotarsal chaetotaxy (absence of smooth setae in puertoricensis ) and by the length of the differentiated seta of the outer labial papilla in relation to the length of its papilla. Material examined (collected by C. Delamare Deboutteville and R. Pau¬ lian) and distribution. —Ivory Coast, Lo Banco, x 44, Aug. 17, 1945 (type locality), 23 paratypes. As preceding but H 9, July 27, 1946, 5 specimens. As preceding but T 22, Aug. 3, 1945, 2 specimens. The holotype (not seen) is at the MNHN. The species is known only from Ivory Coast (Lo Banco). Heteromurus ( Heteromurtrella ) abruptus (Salmon) Ptenura abrupta Salmon, 1951:137-138. Salmon, 1964:478. Heteromurus abruptus (Salmon). Mari Mutt, 1979a:214. The number and shape of the eyes (6 + 6, 3 large and 3 small—see Salmon, 1951:137, Fig. 32) serves to separate this species from all other Heteromurus. It is placed in Heteromurtrella based only on geographic distribution. The paraptype at hand measures 0.85 mm (original description states up to 0.65 mm) but otherwise agrees with Salmon’s description, including that of the number and arrangement of the eyes. Its condition did not allow the VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 23 study of chaetotaxy or other characters recently introduced in the taxonomy of the genus. Material examined and distribution. —BMNH. Singapore, catchment area jungle, in leaf mold, Sept. 1949, M. W. F. Tweedie, col., 1 paratype mounted in polyvinyl alcohol mounting medium, J. T. Salmon colln., no. 65. The holotype (not seen) and other paratypes are at the BMNH. The species is known only from the type locality in Singapore. Heteromurus ( Heteromurtrella ) lividus (Salmon). Ptenura livida Salmon, 1954:125, 126. Salmon, 1964:479. Heteromurus lividus (Salmon). Mari Mutt, 1979a:214. The material at hand is in poor condition and only a few details can be added to Salmon’s description: At least a pair of macrochaetae on posterior portion of head and at least 1 on Abd. 1. Tibiotarsi devoid of smooth setae with exception of opposite seta to tenent hair on metathoracic legs. Ungues bidentate, inner lamellae on which teeth are placed do not continue down inner margin of ungues as shown by Salmon (p. 126, Fig. 8) but end at base of teeth as in stannardi (see Mari Mutt, 1977:329, Fig. 6). Unguiculi quad- rilamellate, not trilamellate as stated in original description. Outer tooth of unguiculus large. Tenent hair lanceolate. Dorsum of manubrium with at least 1 smooth seta. Number of eyes and distribution of pigment as stated by Salmon. Material examined and distribution .—NZNM. Uganda, Ruwenzori, Mt. Baker, about 4620 m, in soil sample, Jan. 26, 1949, G. Salt, col., 3 paratypes (2 without head), J. T. Salmon colln., slides no. 329 and 330. The holotype (not seen) is at the BMNH. The species is known only from the type locality in Uganda. Heteromurus ( Heteromurtrella ) diommatus Denis Heteromurus diommatus Denis, 1931:143-145, 164. Mari Mutt, 1978a:242. Ptenura diommata (Denis). Salmon, 1964:479. Although 3 specimens are at hand, their condition did not allow a detailed study. Eyes 2 + 2 on a large dark patch. Labral papillae of type III (Fig. 4). Smooth setae present along both sides of median cleft of venter of head. Head macrochaetotaxy as in Figure 7. Tibiotarsi without smooth setae. Claw structure as in Figure 23. Dorsum of manubrium with smooth setae. Diagnosis. —On account of its pigmentation, 2 + 2 eyes on a dark patch, and claw structure; the species may be separated with some confidence from all other Heteromurus. It appears closest to H. lividus but differs from it by its claw structure (see key). 24 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Material examined and distribution. —MNHN. Costa Rica, Nov. 1928, mat. Silvestri, 1030 T. 3, 3 specimens on slides D-0010, 0011, 0012. Although these specimens are not labeled as type material, they are part of the type series and should be regarded as syntypes (article 73c of the Internationa] Code of Zoological Nomenclature). The specimen on slide D-0010 is probably the one on which Denis based his figure 147 (p. 144). The species is known only from the type locality in Costa Rica. Acknowledgments I wish to thank the staff of the Faunistics Section of the Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois, for their support and encouragement dur¬ ing my four-year stay there. I must also express my gratitude to the specialists and institutions that lent material for study. I am especially thankful to Dr. J. A. Barra. Literature Cited Barra, J. A. 1968. Contribution a l’etude du genre Heteromunis Wankel 1860 (Collemboles). Biol. Gabon., 4:105-117. Borner, C. 1903. Uber neue altweltliche Collembolen, nebst Bemerkungen zur Systematik der Isotominen und Entomobryinen. Sitzber. Ges. naturforsch. Freunde, Berlin, 3:129-182, 1 pi. Delamare Deboutteville, C. 1951a. Microfaune du sol des pays temperes et tropicaux. Actual. Sci. Indust., Hermann & Cie., editeurs, Paris, 1160:1-360. Delamare Deboutteville, C. 1951b. Les dependances du sol et les sols suspendus. Consider¬ ations sur les facteurs historiques en biocenotique (Coll. Internat. Centre Rec. Sci. Ecol.), Ann. Biol., 27(4):267-280. Delamare Deboutteville, C., and R. Paulian. 1952. Faune des nids et des terriers en Basse Cote d’Ivoire. Encycl. biogeogr. ecol. VII, Paul LeChevalier, ed., 12 Rue de Tournon, Paris (VI e ), pp. 1-116. Denis, J. R. 1931. Contributo alia conoscenza del “microgenton” di Costa Rica. II. Collem¬ boles de Costa Rica avec une contribution au species de l’ordre. Boll. R. Lab. Entom. Agr. Portici, 25:69-170. Denis, J. R. 1933. Contributo alia conoscenza del “microgenton” di Costa Rica. III. Collem- bolles de Costa Rica avec une contribution au species de l’ordre (deuxieme note). Boll. R. Lab. Entom. Agr. Portici, 27:222-322. Mari Mutt, J. A. 1977. A new species of Heteromurus from the Solomon Islands (Collembola: Entomobryidae). Pan-Pac. Entomol., 52(4):326-330. Mari Mutt, J. A. 1978a. The taxonomic status of Alloscopus and redescriptions of its two species (Collembola: Entomobryidae). Pan-Pac. Entomol., 53(4):241—249. Mari Mutt, J. A. 1978b. The types of Collembola (Insecta) at the Illinois Natural History Survey. Ill. Nat. Hist. Surv. Biol. Notes, 103:1-7. Mari Mutt, J. A. 1979a. Heteromurtrella, a new subgenus of Heteromurus with descriptions of two new species (Insecta: Collembola: Entomobryidae). J. Agr. Univ. P. R., 63(2):214-222. Mari Mutt, J. A. 1979b. A revision of the genus Dicranocentrus Schott Insecta: Collembola: Entomobryidae). Agr. Exp. Sta. Univ. P. R. Bull., 259:1-79. VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 25 Salmon, J. T. 1951. Some Collembola from Malaya. Proc. Roy. Entomol. Soc. Lond., Ser. B, 20(11-12): 131-141. Salmon, J. T. 1954. Orchesellini (Collembola) from East Africa. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 12, 7:122-127. Salmon, J. T. 1964. An index to the Collembola. Roy. Soc. New Zealand Bull., 7:1-651. Yosii, R. 1964. Collembola of the Tonga Islands. Kontyu 32(1):9—17. Footnotes 1 This article is based, in part, on a thesis deposited by the author in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology, 1978. 2 The system for naming head macrochaetae was proposed by Mari Mutt (1979b) and is detailed therein. BOOK REVIEW R. L. Blickle. 1979. Hydroptilidae ( Trichoptera ) of America North of Mex¬ ico. New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. Station Bulletin 509. Included in this bulletin are 180 species in 15 genera of the family known to occur in the United States and Canada. This is an increase of 102 species and 3 genera since Ross’ 1944 The Caddis Flies or Trichoptera of Illinois. This is the first single publication in 35 years in which all recognized genera and species to 1977 are presented. An excellent key to genera and to species in each genus is given. A checklist of alphabetically arranged species in each genus is included with known distributional records by state and/or provinces. For those confused by the United States and Canada postal ab¬ breviations of provinces and states an explanatory list of all such abbrevi¬ ations is included. The bulletin is well illustrated with 183 original or re¬ drawn published figures. Selected literature references are arranged as follows: “Literature,” “Scent Organs,” “Hydroptilidae Records,” “Larval Literature.” Dr. Blickles’ excellent publication brings together figures, de¬ scriptions and records of the family currently scattered in several dozen publications. It is indispensible to present and future workers on the group. It would be difficult for any Trichopterist to have any adverse criticisms. Dr. Robert Blickle is to be congratulated on a publication long needed and well done. There is a need for such compilations of the remaining families in the order. D. G. Denning PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 56, No. 1 (1980), pp. 26-37 RECORDS OF SOME CERAMBYCIDAE FROM HONDURAS (COLEOPTERA) J. A. Chemsak AND E. G. Linsley Division of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley 94720 AND J. V. Mankins Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Forestales, Siguatepeque, Dept. Comayagua, Honduras The Cerambycidae of Honduras, like many other groups of insects, are not as well known as those from most other Central American countries. A preliminary study of the collection at the Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Forestales, Siguatepeque, Honduras, assembled by Jerome V. Mankins from material collected primarily by himself and his students, the private collection of Gary V. Manley of the Standard Fruit Company, presently located at La Ceiba, Honduras, and 1978 collections made by Edmund Gies- bert and by John A. Chemsak, E. G. and J. M. (Mrs. E. G.) Linsley revealed not only many new records for the country but significant northern and southern extensions of known geographical ranges. As a result, we decided to make as much of the collection data as possible available at this time. We have omitted undescribed species, of which there are many, some of which will be described elsewhere, as well as those species which cannot now be identified with reasonable certainty. Thus the paper is not intended as a list of the Cerambycidae of Honduras but merely as a preliminary contribution to a knowledge of the cerambycid fauna of that country. Those species designated by an asterisk represent, to our knowledge, new records for Honduras. The letter N indicates a northern record for the species and S, a southern record. Because of the difficulty in determining the sex of many species without the aid of a microscope, we have omitted citing this in a number of cases. Localities In the interest of saving space, and since the number of localities involved are relatively few, they are listed below within the appropriate Department. Honduran Localities Barocoa—Cortes Catacamas—Olancho Los Manos—Yuscaran Minas de Oro—Comayagua VOLUME 56, NUMBER 1 27 Choloma—Cortes Choluteca—Choluteca Comayagua—Comayagua Copan—Copan Coyotes—Atlantida Danli—El Paraiso El Mochito—Santa Barbara El Ricon—Comayagua El Taladro—La Paz J utiapa—Olancho La Ceiba—Atlantida La Esperanza—Intibuca Lago Yojoa—Santa Barbara La Libertad—Comayagua La Lima—Cortes Lamani—Comayagua Lancetilla—Atlantida La Lajas—Comayagua La Paz—La Paz Lempira—Lempira Morazan—Yoro Nuevo Armenia—Atlantida Olanchito—Olancho Olancho—Olancho Omoa—Cortes Pena Blanca—Santa Barbara Pespire—Morazan San Jose de Comayagua—Comayagua San Marcos de Colon—San Marcos de Colon San Pedro Sula—Cortes Santa Ana—F. Morazan Santa Barbara—Santa Barbara Siguatepeque—Comayagua T aulabe—Comayagua Tegucigalpa—Distrito Central 45 km S Tela—Yoro Trujillo—Colon Yoro—Yoro Zambrano—F. Morazan Zamorano—F. Morazan Acknowledgments This study was carried out in conjunction with a National Science Foun¬ dation sponsored study on North American Cerambycidae through Grant DEB 76-23849 A01. John Chemsak and E. G. Linsley wish to express appreciation to the authorities of the Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Forestales in Siguatepeque for providing living accomodations for them and Mrs. Linsley during their stay in Honduras, as well as making facilities at the Escuela available for examination of the collections. We also wish to thank Gary V. Manley (G.V.M.) and Edmund Giesbert (E.G.) for allowing us to extract records from their collections. Material collected by the authors and J. M. Linsley is designated by the initials, J.A.C., E.G.L., J.L. and J.V.M. Parandrinae Parandra glabra (Degeer)* Lago Yojoa: 1 <5, IV-28-77 (Padilla): 1 9, V-12- 77 (Flores); 1 9, VII-16-77 (JVM); 2> 8 8 , \ 9 , X-6-77 (JVM); 1 8, VII- 7-78 (JVM). Parandra angulicollis Bates* Lago Yojoa: 1 9, VII-29-76 (Chavez); \ 8,2 9 9, VII-31-77, 2 9 9, V-12-77 (Flores); 1 8,2 9 9, VII-6-78. Pespire: 1 8 , X-12-74 (Canales). La Paz: 1 8, VII-21-78. Siguatepeque: 1 9, VII-7- 28 PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST 78. La Ceiba: 16,19, V-30-78 (GVM); 3 9 9 , VI-17-78 (GVM); 1 9 , VII-15-78 (GVM). Parandra polita Say* Siguatepeque: 45 6 6, 19 9 9 , February to November, many under bark, in rotting stumps and logs of dead Pimis (JVM and various collectors). San Jose de Comayagua: IV-18-74, ex dead Pinus (Cardenas). Lago Yojoa: 2 66, IV-28-77 (Padilla); 2 6 6, V-12-77 (Na¬ varro); 1