Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from Lyrasis IVIembers and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/partibasicdatavo133ageol Parti BASIC DATA Volume 1 CHESAPEAKE BAY WEST DRAINAGE BASIN Prepared for MARYLAND STATE PLANNING DEPARTMENT C. H. J. HULL Consulta'it September, 1965 STATE PLANNING DEPARTMENT 1103 State Office Building Baltimore, Maryland 21201 Publication No. 133A MARYLAND WATER SUPPLY AND DMAND STUDY STATE OF MARYLAND J. Millard Tawes Governor MARYLAND STATE^^PLANNING DEPARTMENT. - — James J, O'Donnell Director Albert R. Miller, Jr. Chief, Research and Special Studies Herbert M. Sachs Sharon E. Sekulich Project Planner Secretary CONSULTANTS Part I - Geological Survey, U.S. Departoient of the Interior and C. H. J. Hull Part II - David F, Bramhall and Edwin S. Mills TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE Dr. Albert R, Miller, Jr., Chairman Maryland State Planning Department Dr. Edward A. Ackerman Carnegie Institution of Washington Dr. Gordon M. Cairns University of Maryland Mr, Robert Cox Housing and Home Finance Agency Dr. John H. Cumberland [)/> University of Maryland H^ Mr, Gerald W# Ferguson • /YljX U. S, Public Health Service ' * ,00/1 ft -no. lD5h~p Dr. John C. Geyer S^o I i 0 The Johns Hopkins University Mr, John Howes Housing and Home Finance Agency Mr, James R, McComas Maryland State Department of He^. Mr, James C, Meredith U, S. Public Health Service Dr. Deric 0' Bryan U, S, Geological Survey Mr, Herbert M, Sachs Maryland State Planning Departnw Mr, Harry E, Schwarz U, S, Army Corps of Engineers Mr, John Wark U, S. Geological Survey Dr. Nathaniel Wollman The University of New Me3C±co Dr# Abel Wolman The Johns Hopkins University Mr, Russel M. McAvoy U. S, Geological Survey MARYLAND WATER SUPPLY AND DEMAND STUDY Part I - BASIC DATA Volume 1 - CHESAPEAKE BAY WEST DRAINAGE BASIN TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1 Physiographic Divisions. Political Subdivisions. Major Sub-basins. HYDROLOGY U Precipitation and Temperature. Evapotranspiration, Streamflow - Surface and Ground Water Runoff. INVENTORY OF SURFACE AND GROUND WATER 9 Surface Waters, Ground Water. WATER RESOURCES REGULATION AND DISTRIBUTION l5 Regulation by Reservoirs. Regulation by Diversions. Intra-basin Diversions. Canals and Aqueducts, Undeveloped Reservoir Sites, Underground Storage Possibilities. INVENTORY OF SURFACE WATER USES 38 Withdrawal Uses, Instream Uses, GROUND WATER USE 53 WATER QUALITY 58 Water Quality Problems - Natural, Water Quality Problems - Man-Made (by sub-basin). Interstate Problems, Intrastate Problems, Water Quality Control. Special Water Quality Surveys, Summary on Water Quality Throughout Basin, SUMMARY 105 BIBLIOGRAPHY 112 APPMDIX A - DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS Concord Point - Richetts Point Gunpowder River Sub-basin Lower Island Point - North Point Patapsco River Sub-basin Rock Point - Drvm Point Patuxent River Sub-basin Hog Point - Point Lookout APPENDIX B - WATER QUALITY STATIONS, WATER WITHDRAWN, WASTES DISCHARGED AND STREAMFLOWS Concoixi Point - Richetts Point Gunpowder River Sub-basin Lower Island Point - North Point Patapsco River Sub-basin Rock Point - Dnm Point Patuxent River Sub-basin Hog Point - Point Lookout APPEiroiX G - RESERVOIRS, LAKES AND PONDS APPENDIX D - STORAGE REQUIRH^IENTS FOR SUSTAINED YIELDS Bush River Sub-basin Gunpowder River Sub-basin Patapsco River Sub-basin South River Sub -basin Patuxent River Sub-basin APPENDIX E - SURFACE WATM PERMITS APPENDIX F - GROUND WATER PERMITS APPENDIX G - INDUSTRIAL WATER USERS SUPPLIED BY PUBLIC WATER SYSTM, CITY OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND APPENDIX H - ABSTRACTS OF PUBLISHED REPORTS ON GROUND WATER RESOURCES Anne Arundel County Baltimore Area Baltimore and Harford Counties (Piedmont) Calvert County Carroll and Frederick Counties Charles County Howard and Montgomery Counties Prince George's County St. Mary's County Southern Maryland Coastal Plain Maryland, Piedmont Maryland, Coastal Plain CHESAPEAKE BAY WEST DRAINAGE BASIN CHESAPEAKE BAY (WESTERN SHORE) BASIN GENERAL DESCRIPTION The CJhesapeake Bay (Western Shore) basin ccmprises that part of Maryland and southern Pennsylvania bounded on the north by the Susquehanna River basin, on the west and south by the Potcanac River basin, and on the east by the Chesapeake Bay itself. The Fall Line cuts through the basin in a northeast-southwest direction from Havre de Grace in Harfoi^i County, Maryland, through Baltimore City toward Washington, D, C, separating the Piedmont and the Coastal Plain provinces. Physiographic Divisions The Piedmont province extends westward from the Fall Line to the slopes of Catoctin Mountain, but only that portion of the Piedmont east of Parrs Ridge drains eastward into Chesapeake Bay, West of Parrs Ridge, the Potomac River basin collects the runoff from the Piedmont area. Parrs Ridge has an average elevation of 800 to 900 feet above sea level. Below the Fall Line, the Piedmont province streams enter the Coastal Plain province, where the elevations and relief are low. In this subarea, the streams have relatively flat profiles and become tidal estuaries near the bay. Political Subdivisions The Chesapeake Bay West basin encompasses an area of 3*252 square miles, of which all but 11 square miles is in Maryland, This figure includes the water areas of those subdivisions adjacent to the bay and liiose boundaries extend to approximately the mid-point of the bay. Land area of the basin totals approximately 2,5l6 square miles in Maryland and 11 square miles in York County, Pennsylvania, Total areas and areas within the drainage basin of the major political subdivisions are listed in Table 1, Table 1, Area of Major Political Subdivisions Wholly or Partially in the Chesapeake Bay West Basin Land and Water Area Land Area Political square miles square miles Subdivision-^ Total In Basin Total In Basin Pennsylvania York ~ 11 ~ 11 Maryland Anne Arundel 630 630 U17 U17 Baltimore City* 92 92 79 79 Baltimore 702 692 608 598 Calvert 369 369 219 219 Carroll k$3 231 U53 231 Charles 6U1 33 U58 33 Harford 539 338 hkk 2l4li Howard 253 253 253 253 Montgomery 50U 60 U93 60 Prince George's U99 255 U86 255 St. Mary's 799 299 367 127 TOTAL 5,UBl 3,263 li,277 2 ,527 ■K- Subdivisions are counties except for Baltimore City vriaich is not within a county. Major Sub-basins The four largest sub-basins (Patuxent, Patapsco, Gunpowder, Bush) have a combined area of over 2,100 square miles or 65^ of the total. The remaining sub- basins are all less than 100 square miles in area. The approximate areas of all sub-basins over 30 square miles and the counties within each sub-basin are listed in Table 2, It should be noted that the figures presented here are only rough estimates and as such, should be used with caution. Table 2» Sub-basins of the Chesapeake Bay (Western Shore) Basin Sub-basin Bush Rirer Gunpowder Rirer County Back River Patapsco River Magothy River Severn River South River West River Patuxent River Harford York, Pennsylvania Harford Baltimore Carroll Baltimore Baltimore CityJt Baltimore Baltimore City* Howard Carroll Anne Arundel Anne Arundel Anne Arundel Anne Arundel Anne Arundel Anne Arundel Howard Montgomery Prince George's Charles Calvert St, Mary's Area in Square Miles lUO 11 55 375 30 U7T U3 19 -^ 195 70 60 200 85 ^!o iiO 69 66 32 125 190 60 255 35 180 90 93F * Not in any coimty HYDROLOGY Precipitation and Tesmperature The Western Shore basin is located in the generally humid eastern area of the United States, The aver-age annual precipitation amounts to about h3 inches for the entire basin area, varying frcan UO,23 inches in Frederick County to U5.18 inches in Baltimore County, The mean annual temperature in the basin is 55.^4° F, vdth Harford County having the lowest (53.3° f) and St, Mary's the highest (58,U° F), Evapotran spirati on Much of the precipitation is returned to the atmosphere by evaporation from the surface of streams and other water bodies, from the surfaces of plants, and from the surface of the land. Transpiration, the loss of water exuded by plants, also accounts for a large part of the annual precipitation. These processes combined, known as evapotranspiration, remove about 25*5 inches or 60 per cent of the annual precipitation in the Little Gunpowder Falls watershed area, according to Dingman and Ferguson (1956), They estimated that evapotranspiration in this area varies from 33 per cent of monthly precipitation in February to 73 per cent in September, These estimates are probably good approximations of evapotranspira- tion for most of the Western Shore drainage basin, Streamflow - Surface and Ground Water Runoff Streamflows have been measured and reported by the U. S, Geological Survey for 38 gaging stations in the Western Shore drainage basin. Using these data. Darling (1962) has recently published a report on the discharge characteristics of Maryland streams, inc].uding frequency and duration of flows of various magnitudes. The average and minimum daily flows of record for most of the stream gaging stations in the Western Shore basin are listed in Table 3» Also shown are probable low flows for the two different design criteria; the 7-d.ay, 10-year low flow, and the daily 1 That discharge averaged over a period of seven consecutive days irtiich is exceeded by all such seven-day flows in nine out of every ten years (on the average). a o fl •H -H ■p m as a -P CQ CO a a •H c no -H cd o ■*^ 9 to J2 CO -p m Q> > -P o w rH (D m ^-s (D O U m (D (D ^ -^ 1-1 •s 0 rH Cd o rH P>4 -p a c CD () C> •H -P Jh 01 0) H ti* ^ « ^^ UN ^ 3 I I C^ O rH ch-) O rH o •H fl) td «! Q vO -.t in rH O to o U^ c^ ir\ o W rH -J- c^ r^ O (r\ (D -^ w xi rt u Si Cm O (!) O O > I O >J^ rH -d- IfNvO , -^T (V rH O CNi ->t rH rH (^ o o o o o o f^ CNi O O (^ m r<^ to • • • • • • • tH o O ?i rH o £> crv c; t> ON 9i rH O O -<^ rH ?i e Kf O^rH H C\i in CQ ^ rvi r^vD r-i H (V o rH vD U^ v£> O - I C^i rH r-i rH r> cN '^ O^ rH C- (M Oi CV C\J I fV • tt • I • o o o o O O rH O I I o o o o o o I • • • I O O vD ^p?'^ ITN CV O • • • o o o o C\2 O rH cv O H IT) ex o o O O CNi rH • ••••• o o o o o o O H O r^ Lr\ o • ••*•• O O O O CO rH rH C~- CO vO O lA C\2 -J- ^ O C^ ~4 c^ O rrA O rH rH rH • ••••• r-i rH r-i r-i H rH O -X) ^O O • • • I • -<}-vD rH I rH C\J C^ iTvvX) ir\ o c^ LPi O O C3^ VX^ O rH rH rH O • • • • • o o o o o O CO CV o o • • • • • CJ^vD rH O iPv ir\ rH O O fV C3^ rH CT^ CJ^ tT\ CNi r\i O O rH \0 C>i • • • • • H rH rH H rH cvr~c\iOtoo ococT^oo CJ ^D CM CA -<^ cn sD O O O C\2 CT^CO CO C^ rH O -^ vn O O rH CO O C\2 O iTvsO ■vDrHoot^'vOo o~4■■>^oo CO C\2 O CNi O^ -4 ' ' <0,rH C^ ^rHcMCVCJ^CVCNiCM iniTNvO U^CDsOvOvp I I I I I I iPi-^m-^O -<^--^■■v^ rHrHrHrHr-irHrHrH C^ CM vO I sD CM rH ^ in CJN m ■<}■ rH rH LPv vD vO rH U-\ CO rH CV CM CM Ch 4 Ch I o o I ;^ -vt cm tj C3^ CJs CT^ C3^ C3^ C3^ O rH rH rH r-i rH i-i rH rH (D CQ ■8 p:; en -p » to H CD CJ ■^ to 3 cd CD (i, O cd 0) O rH Oip O 1-^ • X! ;3 TJ to C3 S tH cd H fH CD •P -H p p -a] -H ':^ -^ CO O ■^ r\2 to cjs ~4- I in vO m rH in o III 110) (T^ to rH \0 -^ on CM ^ C^ C3^ ^ O^ CJ^ CT^ to Ch O H i-i rH rH rH :Si CM I O Q) to Pd u o o s to u o O tJ -P s >. SH O O O CO ro CD fn fn tn [ CQ m PQ tH o rH o o to to o, Cd fn -P cd cd CD Oh O x: q O " as 0 AirH tH O 0) !> •H -H « -P fH 0) x> u X X! O MH (D CO Ph O O O O CO to Cd a, O, fn cd cd CQ cd cd • Ph Ph M to rH rH •rl S tn C •H a a to H rH Cd P^ to Td -p c 1 o o m^— C O C •H -H -p w oJ nj hj OQ en Q> bfl no C aJ •H G Mt4 0} nj a^ § 3 >■"*>. Py. 0 © s f-i u ^ -P o CO J2 g 03 Eh +2 _ CO OS C ;-i M -p o m rH Q) f^.^. 3^ ^^ (D (1) W CU a cd ^ CO 0 0) ^ -^ •a; O a> H •s Eh 0) o -p a G (D O O •H -P tH Cd Q) u Oh :i a in CT ms ^^ >. cd u) o 7 T O o cH (D W 0) d •« t-j to C n5 cd 0) a) H cf-H ti -=5 CO S Q O ti •H Cm o Jh O O S8 <;-Kf ^ o Ti 3 u .n >» o r-\ O c •H © •H cd Ci: S Q j Q) ■ 0) < Pi cr\C) to to vPi oj iH ri-\ I tX) LPv u> cv OJ I • • • • • o o o o o CO o c^ rH OCO (^ vD C^ r-l rH CV il sD C\i ~J- r-H H I • • • • • o o o o o ■-J- C^ Cr^ rH -vf C^ OJ C\i -<{■ r^ vO v£) ^ O vC O C^ C^tO rH t> H -<^0 rH • • • • • o o o o o vO ir\ O to CV I • • • • • O CO ^f^ v^ c\i CNJ ir\ O r~ o«^ I sO cvi »^ O O I • • • • • r-i r-i r-i t-i rH cr\ [^ -^t -^ \D • • • • • I CO o o P~ to I iH H rrN C\J CJs ^ -<(■ tn O 00 CV cn CO, o H I C\i i-\i CV O • I • • « • o o o o o O u-\ O I>- O • I • • • e ->d- I to rr\ cNi r^N C\i CV I I C\i vO CM - H m O to O c\j m m CO vO -^ c^ m m cv vO OJ H H O O O onto O Ci (M C3 i-i I H O O H O O rH o o o o o o o OHO ^vO O to I ••••••• i CO mr>- H o o o r-i CO vO C^ O en O iH cv vo en "^ o ^ o I H O O CV cj^ en >^ I ••••••• H H H H O iH rH O «^ O ir> O CV H • •••••• I CO o CV -40 >J^ O I -J-vl-O H en rH 000 -vhsocycT^r- t> CV to CO iH O r^vD CV en en C3^ r-l en cv I sO O » s t> en ITv C7^ O cv CV CV CV n£> C\J intfvcj^cotocvcvcv ■vf IT* iTi »n vr\ N^ I T I 1 I r I I I I I T I I ^H cv -^-^H en-*CVO^«0 <3^vOvO -^•rn-J-J-JtHH-^^encn-^^wM^ (y\CJ^ONON<>(3^00^0CJ^CJ^OOO i-irHr-ii-irHt-if-ir-ir-ir-ii-ir-it-ir-i Cf> • o 0) (ti ^ S > •H -P G CO > •H ft; o ,£> cd © o c •H o •H •8 -p CO ^ cd XI B . H to "^ G I O o to © cd-o © © bDtJ CO 3 J-4rH © O •rl O !> © CO © en © o G o •p o -p CO C o c; in o -p © tl ta 0 Cd •H s Si a, CQ G > 0 0 •H H • to CM © © > 0 bO ■H "C 01 © c > o -P •H "B o o © CO © u © u cv to G o •H -P CO U o cd 15 Q CV cd G O •H (0 © > U o © +3 -^ cd © © o © to cd 01 a o •H 15 O Cd o in O i-i I en rH t3 O •H © © Ci c © © © u o -p •S H © -p to 3 •n © © 01 § o^ cv 0 rH r^ H ' ' G 1 W 0 •H > 0 .3 ■p rH H cd -p ■n ^ CO § Q u 0 © «« Ch w © cd 0 cd © ^ << > 0 Q ^ CO of\ ■sh vn flow which is exceeded 9$ per cent of the time,^ These design-flow criteria have been selected for presentation here only as examples of such criteria which have been used by regulatory agencies for purposes of stream water quality control. Data from the 33 stations of record are summarized in Table I4. As indicated, the arithmetic mean of the average streamflow value is about 1.? cubic feet per square mile. This is equivalent to approximately l6,3 inches of precipi- tation per year, or 38 per cent of the average annual precipitation. Table U, Summary of Streamflow Data from the Chesapeake Bay Western Shore Basin Number of Gaging Flow, cfsm Criterion of Flow Stations Minimum Median Mean Maxxmum Minimum daily of record 33 0.000 0.123 0.156 0.706 Probable low flow: 7-day, 10-year 23 0,005 0.1i;5 0.167 0.667 95 per cent duration 23 0.009 0.272 O.30U 0.882 Average of record 33 0.993 1.165 1.227 1.629 The value for streamflow or total runoff (in this case, 16.3 inches) represents the contribution of both surface and ground water runoff, Dingman and Ferguson (1956) found ground water runoff to account for 11,3 inches or 27 per cent of precipitation for the drainage area of Little Gunpowder Falls above Laurel Brook, Maryland. They also estimated ground water runoff for the Rock Creek sub-basin in MontgOTiery County to be 20 per cent of the mean aimual precipitation. If a value of 25 per cent is assumed for the entire Western Shore basin, the ground water 2 The lower five-^ercentile of the daily mean flows of record. This is the streamflow criterion used by the Maryland Department of Health as a basis for setting sewage treatment requirements for stream pollution control. contribution to streamflow is equivalent to about 10.8 inches of precipitation. This leaves approximately 5.? inches of precipitation becoming streamflow via surface runoff,- 3 Expressed in tenns of inches of precipitation: Streamflow ■ Surface Runoff + Ground Water Runoff l6o3 = SRO + {2S% X i;3.1) (annual precipitation) 16.3 = SRO + 10.8 5.5 = SRO INVENTORY OF SURFACE AND GROUND WATFUS The water resources of the Western Shore drainage area are found in its surface streams, lakes, reservoirs and estuaries and in the water-bearing formations underlying the watershed. Surface Waters Appendix A includes a list of streams and estuaries making up the sur- face drainage system of the Western Shore of the Ches^eake Bay, In addition to this listing. Appendix A includes stream gaging stations, water intakes, waste outfalls and other items of significance, A condensed list, including stream gaging stations, water intakes, and waste-water outfalls, is presented in Appendix B, For a more detailed description of this material, refer to the General Reference Section-^- - DESCRIPTION OF APPENDICES. Reservoirs - There are no large natural lakes in the Western Shore watershed. However, several rather large man-made lakes, or reservoirs, have been created by the construction of dams. A list of impoundments is presented in Appendix C, The principal reservoirs are Pretty Boy and Loch Raven Reservoirs on Gunpowder Falls, Liberty Reservoir on the North Branch Patapsco River, and ^ Triadelphia and Rocky Gorge Reservoirs on the Patiixent River. The Gunpowder Falls and Patapsco River Reservoirs supply water to the City of Baltimore and its satel- lite areas. These three impoundments have a ccanbined usable storage capacity of 261,000 acre-feet (85,3 billions of gallons), Triadelphia and Rocky Gorge Reser- voirs have a combined usable edacity of 38,1)00 acre-feet (12.5 billions of gallons), ■«■ In this report, reference is frequently made to a General Reference Section, This Section is included in the Summary Volume (Volume 6), Additional storage capacity is provided in the Western Shore watershed by smaller reservoirs and hundreds of farm ponds scattered throughout the rural areas* Estuaries - Not to be discounted in an inventory of the water resources of the Western Shore area are the saline and brackish waters of Chesapeake Bay and its numerous arms. These waters, though unsuitable for potable supplies, have great value for use in industrial cooling, and for instream uses such as recrea- tion, navigation, fishing, and waste disposal. The quantity of these waters is virtually unlimited. They represent an asset which is probably no less important than the available fresh water supplies for the econcanic development of the Western Shore basin. Ground Ttfater The ground water of the Western Shore basin has been studied rather extensively for many years by the U, S, Geological Survey in cooperation with the Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Wisiter Resources, The accounts of these studies have been presented in detailed reports published by the State cooperating agency. The counties of the basin covered by these reports are listed in Table Sf together with the authors and dates of publication. The com- plete references for these reports are listed in the bibliograpl^ at the end of this report. These reports are the principal sources of available information on ground water in the basin and should be consulted for detailed discussion on this subject. For convenience of the reader, abstracts of the several county reports, originally published as parts of the reports, are reproduced in Appendix H.' The following is a very generalized, desciription of ground water occur- rence in the Western Shore area of the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin^ 10 Table 5. Published Reports on Ground Water, Chesapeake Bay (Western Shore) Basin County or Area Bulletin Number-^ Principal Author Year or Publication Anne Arundel S Brookhart 19U9 Anne Arundel 26 Mack 1962 Baltimore Area u Bennett 1952 2 Baltimore Area — Otton 1961i Baltimore County 17 Dingman 1956 Calvert 8 Overbeck 1951 Carroll 22 Meyer 1958 Charles — Overbeck 19U8 Frederick 22 Meyer 1958 Harford 17 Dingman 1956 Howard lit Dingman 1951; Montgomery 11; Dingman 1951t Prince George's 10 Meyer 1952 St. Mary«s 11 Ferguson 1953 Southern Maryland 15 Otton 1955 Piedmont — McGuinness 1963 Coastal Plain — McGuinness 1963 1 Numbers are those assigned in a series of reports issued by the Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, State of Maryland, 2 This reference, entitled Water Resources of the Baltimore Area Maryland, was not published as a bu3J.etin of the Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources but as a U. S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper (ll;99-F). 11 Ground water is found in varying quantities throughout the Western Shore area, V\ti.thin the basin are two geologic and physiographic provinces having very different ground water characteristics. These two provinces, the Piedmont and the Coastal Plain, are separated by a northeastward-trending line called the Fall Line, or more properly the Fall Zone, The Fall Zone is roughly followed by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad from Laurel in Prince George's County to Aberdeen in Harford. County. The Piedmont lies north and west of the Fall Zone, and the Coastal Plain to the east and south. As described by McGuinness (I963), the Piedmont is underlain by crystalline and sedimentary rocks which are generally reliable sources of the small supplies (5 to 10 gpm) needed for domestic and stock supply, Dingman and Ferguson (1956) reported that more than 70 per cent of the drilled wells in the Piedmont portion of Baltimore and Harford Counties yield no more than 10 gallons per minute with only 2 per cent having yields greater than ^0 gallons per minute. There are a few wells in Piedmont Maryland yielding as much as 200 gpm - the source of these larger supplies is limestone and marble, and sandstone and shale of the Triassic belt. The yields of the more productive wells generally tend to decrease if pumping is heavy and continuous. In a few localities, even domestic supplies are hard to get; well yields are low and water levels decline under prolonged pumping. Information is needed on the principles of occurrence of water in the crystalline rocks to explain these poorly productive localities and to enable predicting the best well sites in them. The ground xrater in Piedmont Maryland is generally of good quality except that some of it is slightly corrosive, high in iron, or locally in areas of limestone or marble, excessively hard (McGuinness, I963), The Coastal Plain aquifers of the Western Shore area are much more pro- ductive than those of the Piedmont region. To summarize the ground water situation in this area, the abstract of McGuinness' report (I963) is reprinted in part, 12 On the Western Shore^ the yields of wells developed and equipped for maximum capacity range from a few hundred gallons per minute to as much as 1,200 gpm in the most favorable areas.-' Along the Fall Line the yields are small because the sediments are thin and also are dissected and tend to drain out rapidly* In the southwestern part of the Maryland Coastal Plain, from Washington, D» C, down to Indian Head, the water-bearing sands are generally thin and fine grained and well yields tend to be small. Water levels are declining in localities vriaere pumping is heavy. fhe northern part of the Western Shore is more productive, at least where developed to date. Pumping is concentrated largely in the Baltimore industrial area and in the northern half of Anne Arundel County, and there is substantial pumping at military installations scattered over the whole Western Shore, The water from the oldest sediments, the Cre- taceous, commonly is slightly acid, corrosive, and high in iron content. As much as 50 ppm of iron has been measured in wells near Washington, D. C, a highly excessive value when the Public Health Service's recommended limit of 0,3 Ppm for iron and manganese together is considered. The average iron content is much less, but it commonly exceeds 0.3 ppm. As used by McGuinness, the Western Shore area includes the Coastal Plain portions of Harford, Baltimore, Anne Arundel, Calvert, Prince George's, Charles, and St. Mary's Counties, and of Baltimore City, Mack estimates that the yield of aquifers underlying Anne Arundel County is on the order of 130 mgd or about 0.31 mgd per square mile of land surface. Yields of individual wells for industrial and public supplies in the Baltimore area range from a few gallons per minute to as much as 1,000 gpm, (l.Uii mgd) and average more than 200 gpm or 0,288 mgd (Otton, I96U), This same source estimates the sustained yield of the Piedmont region in the Baltimore area (900 square miles) to be 100 mgd J the Coastal Plain, (UOO square miles) to be 80 mgd. 13 Saline water has encroached frojn the Patapsco River Estuary into the shallower Cretaceous aquifers along the shore in a large part of the Baltimore area. The ground water is contaminated also by industrial wastes which enter the aquifers through the corroded, leaky casings of wells. The pumping in the industrial area, formerly heavier, has become more or less stabilized at the present rate as a consequence of the contamination that has already occurred and of its tendency to spreaid at higher rates of pumping. Hi WATER RESOURCES REGULATION AND DISTRIBUTION Like all well-developed cultures, that of the Western Shore basin depends in great degree upon regulation of the natural flows of streams and upon the col- lection, storage, and distribution of the waters found in the streams and aquifers. A complex system of dams, reservoirs, and pipelines has been developed to serve water users at times and places within the basin when and where natural supplies would not be adequate otherwise. Waters are diverted from streams and conveyed many miles to the points of use, after which they may be discharged into an entirely different natural water system. Regulation by Reservoirs At this time (1965), the principal means by viiich the natural water sup- plies of the Western Shore basin are modified is by reservoirs on several of the larger surface streams. The relatively important reservoirs include Atkisson Reservoir on Winters Run, Pretty Boy and Loch Raven Reservoirs on Gunpowder Falls, Liberty Reservoir on the North Branch Patapsco River and Triadelphia and Rocky Gorge Reservoirs on the Patuxent River, Table 6 lists pertinent data for each of these reservoirs. Other smaller reservoirs and farm ponds are found in the Western Shore basin, and although they provide significant regulation of streamflows in small waterways, they are relatively small and of only minor importance in relation to the basin as a whole. Appendix C lists all major reservoirs and lakes in the Chesapeake Bay (Western Shore) drainage basin. Farm ponds and small impoundments are discussed in the General Reference Section - WATER RESOURCE REGULATION AND DISTRIBUTION, which summarizes a State-wide pond inventory. Although the waters of some of the streams in the Western Shore basin have been regulated to various degrees, when the entire basin is considered as a 15 '^ -p JO O u o -P •rt O U O o ti x: ® en m 0) a fn -P o m •r-j CD XI td El CV » ^■^ a> -p to w bO •H C C cd O o o u cd •d HI o aiH r-t ■p cd r-H Cd to o S u Cd <*H d 10 CO ■3 3 C c o o o 0) H -H H tiDp^ H r-\ cd iH cd O XI 0) cd cd C OJ •H (U cd -< a H to cd Q) CT'H CO 0 0} CQ (D •n. 0) ■p CO o en C\J to m o to m t a o O Q, to CO CO en H t» > O X: rH o u (0 Xi o B X! +3 cv • en -p a •H O 0 H X> -H •Ha O •H > •H (0 Q) cd •H ^^ P4 tX) si cd +3 •H a .a -H a o a, o •H in O en cv to (D +3 o C5 o >> 0) O 'rl •H O > to ti Cm O o •H 1^ t< Q) x: +3 Ih tu Cd o -p CO o > m n u H cd t3 X2 •H U O ■% u IX > •H 05 H cd o ■H o ■p to •H tD •H cd CO O > u Q m u 0) -p to a § O x> 0) bO +3 to o -p fl) ^ •H rH 03 O XJ C Cd Cd a o ■P Cd •H Cd CJ -P O :5 ;h Cd Q cn unit, its runoff is found to be largely uncontrolled. Excluding farm ponds, the total reservoir storage capacity in the area is approximately 100 billions of gallons. This capacity mil store only about 16 per cent of the average annual surface runoff of the basin, a small amount in comparison with storage ratios of 75 per cent and greater on many streams in Eastern United States, The need for additional storage must be evaluated in terms of the adequacy of present water supplies, the effect of basin diversions, projected increases in water uses and anticipated changes in waste water treatment. These subjects are discussed in Part II of this study. Regulation by Diversions In the broad sense, any withdrawal of water from a water body can be . called a diversion. For purposes of this report, however, diversions include those withdrawals of water which are (1) discharged to another stream before or after usej (2) discharged to the same stream only at a point greatly distant from the withdrawal point, so that the natural flow between the two points is affected; or (3) discharged to another watershed or drainage basin. With respect to a given watershed, diversions may be classified as imports or exports, Iiaports to Basin - At the present writing (July, 1965), there are no major import diversions of water into the Western Shore basin. However, the City of Baltimore is now constructing a pipeline, pumping station, and reservoir to divert water from the Susquehanna River upstream of Gonowingo Dam, The intake is located about 1,000 feet above the dam in Conoxd.ngo Reservoir, The water will flow by gravity through a 108-inch pipe to a point near the mouth of Deer Creek, Fran there a pumping station will force the water against gravity through another 108-inch pipeline some 27 miles across Harford County and into a reservoir specially constructed near Fiillerton, Baltimore County, not far from the northeastern corner 17 of the City of Baltimore, Frcm the Fullerton Reservoir, which has only a short- term storage capacity of 250 million gallons, the water will flow by gravity through a 96-inch pipe to the Montebello Water Filtration Plant in Baltimore. The Susquehanna diversion project is designed to have a yield of 2^0 mgd, more than the combined safe yields of the older Gunpovjder and Patapsco systems of Baltimore City. The Aberdeen Proving Ground diverts about 3.7 cfs (2.1; mgd) from Deer Creek, a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Harford County, After use, the waste water is discharged into Chesapeake Bay between Swan Creek and the Bush River, Although this diversion reduces the flow in Deer Creek, it does not add to streamflow in any fresh water stream of the Western Shore basin because the result- ing effluents are discharged into the tidal waters of the Bay, Exports from Basin - Relatively little water is diverted from the Western Shore drainage basin into adjacent watersheds. Two such export diversions are known, one from the Patapsco River sub-basin and one from the Patuxent River sub- basin. Both of these diversions transport water into the Potomac River basin. The City of Westminster in Carroll County diverts water from Cranberry Branch, a tributary of the West Branch of the North Branch Patapsco River. The diversion point is 0,2 mile above the mouth of Cranberry Branch and 0.1 mile up- stream of the highway bridge on Maryland Route 31 at Cranberry Station, After serving municipal purposes in Westminster, the used water (sewage) is discharged to Little Pipe Creek, which flows into Double Pipe Creek, a tributary of the Mono- cacy River in the Potomac River basin. According to the Geological Survey (1962), this diversion frcan Cranberry Branch averaged 1,U cfs (0,90 mgd) during the water year ending September 30, 1962, The diversion represents about 33 per cent of the average runoff of Cranberry Branch as measured at the gaging station located at river mile 0,5. 18 The Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission, an agency established in 1918 by the Maryland General Assembly, diverts water from the Patuxent River at mile point 80o9 just below Rocky Gorge Dam, The Rocky Gorge Pumping Station has a total pumping capacity of 9h mgd. Three parallel pipelines with diameters of 30 inches, 36 inches, and U2 inches, convey the water from the intake to the Patuxent Water Filtration Plant about two miles away. After treatment, the water is delivered mainly to Montgomery and Prince George's Counties, with a canparatively small por- tion going to Howard County. After use for donestic and other municipal purposes throughout the three-county area, the water not consumed is collected as sewage, treated, and discharged into either the Potcsnac or the Patuxent Rivers. (Approxi- laately 1 mgd is returned to the Patuxent via the Laurel Treatment Plant operated by the Washington Suburban Sanitary Ccanmission.) The Geological Survey publishes data yearly showing the monthly and yearly mean diversions by the Rocky Gorge Pumping Station, Reports covering the year I962 indicate an average monthly diversion of 5l«6 mgd. This diversion accounted for 68 per cent of the mean flow in the Patuxent River immediately upstream of the intake during the year. Net Diversion from Basin - The known diversions into and out of the Western Shore drainage basin are listed in Table 7. These data are for the year 1962. They show a single import of 3.7 cfs (2,1; mgd) and two exports totaling 81,3 cfs (52,5 mgd). Subtracting the smaller from the larger results in a net export of 77,6 cfs (50,1 mgd) from the basin. After completion of the Susquehanna River diversion project of the City of Baltimore, a new importation of water into the Western Shore basin will begin, onw vrtiich will eventually exceed the present (1965) exports of basin water. Thus the basin will in time become a net importer of water. 19 m :3 c o •H m Ih > •H Q §^ CO o e * * o * « o 0^ O <0 s (D •8 O O u a o to ra 09 o o •H « O o m :3 © a ^ "^ Vi (4 e © © h e > > Q u •H -H fl (^ « Oi •■^ _. 1^ a ON •• o ,i> >) o 1 •^ •* © .o O a (d C © u u W 0 U pj 3 U -H © (^ © © tSj 01 © © •p -p © CO > -p !> > fl > CI, 01 01 ^^ •H Q CO g •H 'H « PS g •H 01 ct) © 1 Pi W M ^ © U .g ■3 g o o s •^1 g >j © ^ 11 ch bo © m to o o CO Pi o r-\ Pi +3 -P O nJ -P aJ Ch 01 03 -p -p a -p CO CO 05 ,Q 4^ s o, a 1 O 3 U o -P o ^3 •n ■k^ w +2 ■!£ © rO ^ o '^^ S -H -rj O U ;3 Eh as ns Eh o _o O «J as •H Q 53 t^ i3 a a, oi s O +3 g Eh S S o u © CQ 3S Cl< IXI > o •H x: O to • u §J • r- © (Q © fl JO =1 >>-p D3 t< O © & Vi o © W) Cm fl t t< o ^ © •^1 o • +3 tl 0) © >>-p ti > 3 >,-iJ X! -H 4:. E-H •P -p r- © o o 4J 01 men OS a -H jd •H ^ ,Q u u •H © rs O < CU (J O :3 r3 CO 0 -4- c\i CM UN rr\ 03 U © ir o CO EH :3 Pi Pi •p +» © © -p -p cd «$ Ph Ph c 0 • ft "S c 43 •H (D x: H 01 OS 3 B 0 0 J3 C +3 © J3 ^ > <-—■!* t3 n (D a > 0) +3 © •H U 0 EH Ql a, iH Q] © 0 U 3 01 3 © > 0} a ^ Xi -P H a H •H •H > > t4 •% © ■UN > >o •H O^ « H ^ 5 (D g § 43 •H Ctf 43 CU 0 :3 0 u +3 43 n ■S 0 R • 0 ^§ u 43 -H © © 01 tj U 01 § 01 g •H g •\ 0 01 •0 0 © 60 •H 6 >> 43 H c3 43 •H >j.-H 0 © c3 ta Ch •P CO Co C 0 •H .§§ « -G 01 0 fj U f^ 9 © ci.£ > Q, :i •H <«! CO Q * * * Intra-Easin Diversions There are several important diversions of water within the Western Shore drainage basin which significantly affect the flows in the source streams below the point of withdrawal. They are discussed in their land-to-seaward sequence of intakes and outfalls as listed in Appendices A and B, rather than in their order of importance. Bynum Run - The City of Bel Air has a water intake and pumping station at stream mile 12.0 on Bynum Run, a tributary of the Bush River. Before April, 1955» water was withdrawn at this point for use in the public water system of Bel Air, However, since that time the Bynvmi Run pumping station has been in standby status. When the station was operated, it decreased the streaitiflow in Bynum Run as measured at the gaging station "near Bel Air, »' located at stream mile 8,9, where the flow was gaged from October, 1950, through September, 1955. However, a large part of the diverted water was returned to Bynum Run as municipal sewage at mile 8.2, which is 3«8 miles downstream of the pumping station's intake and 0,7 miles below the now-inoperative gaging station "near Bel Air," In a report for the water year ending September 30, 195U, the Geological Survey (1958a) reported an average diversion of 0.l5 cfs (0,097 mgd) by the ^ynurn Run pumping station. For the suc- ceeding six months through March, 1955, after which the station went on "standby," the Geological Survey (1958b) reported a slightly higher mean diversion, 0.18 cfs (0,116 mgd). As a measure of the stream-regulating effect of this diversion, the mean rate of withdrawal of 0.l5 cfs during the water year 1953-195^4 can be compared with the yearly minimum instantaneous flow of 0,2 cfs recorded at the gage on September li|. and 15, 195U. When operated, Bel Air's pumping station on Bynum Run also influenced the flows at an older gaging station "at Bel Air" on that stream at mile 8,39, 21 just downstream of the bridge on Maryland highway 22, The period, of record for this gage is June, 19Uh to April, 19^1 and July, 19SS to date, Bel Air's sewage disposal plant, serving a sewered population of 5*000, discharged 0,kS mgd of treated effluent into Bynum Run at mile 8.2, about 0,2 mile downstream of the stream gage at Bel Air. This discharge rate is $0 per cent greater than the minimum flow of record, 0.3 cfs, for the gaging station at Bel Air (mile 8.39). Based on the streamflow criteria" used by the Maryland Departanent of Health for purposes of designing sewage treatment facilities as reported by McCcmas (1957), the design flow of Bynum Run at the gage (mile 9.39) is 0,9 cfs, only slightly greater than the sewage discharge in 1962, These data indicate that the water diverted by Bel Air from Winters Run and discharged to Bynum Run has signifi- cant effects on the quantity and quality of water in the lower 8-mile reach of the latter stream, VH-nters Run - Since placing its Bynum Run pumping station on standby sta- tus in 1955, the City of Bel Air, Maryland, has been diverting water frcan Winters Run at a point 10,1 miles above the mouth of that stream's conjunction with Otter Point Creek, a tributary of the Bush River, The water intake and pumping station are about 125 feet upstream of a "partial -record" stream gaging station at the bridge on U. S, Highway 1, above which the drainage area is 37.0 square miles. Low-flow measurements reported by the Geological Survey range from 6,h9 cfs (U,19 mgd) on July 29, 195U to U7.3 cfs (30.5 mgd) on June 6, 1958. In July, 1962, the Bel Air pumping station was diverting 0.8 cfs (0,5 mgd), or about 12 per cent of the minimum dry-season runoff recorded. With the effluent from Bel Air's sewage treatment plant being discharged into Bynum Run, this diversion results in a significant reduction of the dependable streamflow in the lower-lO-^ile reach of Winters Run, as well as an increase of streamflow in Bynum Run. 6 Daily flow exceeded 95 per cent of the time, 22 A second diversion from Winters Run takes place at stream mile 2.5, where a pumping station withdraws water for use at the Army Chemical Center in Edgewood, Maryland, The treated waste waters from this establishment, about 1,5 mgd in 1963, are discharged into the Bush River at river mile 3.3. Since the waste outfall is in the brackish reach of the Bush River estuary, this diversion not only results in a reduction of dependable streamflow in Winters Run, but also permanently removes the water used from the total fresh water supply of the Western Shore basin. This is frequently the case in tidewater areas, unlike upland areas where diversions usually mean a transfer of water from one stream to another, where it remains fresh and available for reuse. Gunpowder Falls - The City of Baltimore has diverted water for its public supply frcm Gunpowder Falls since I88I, when that stream was developed to supple- ment the older supply system on Jones Falls, The present point of diversion is at stream mile 13,8, Published records for the 13-year period from October, 19^9, through September, 1962, show a mean diversion rate of 237 cfs (153 mgd) from Loch Raven Reservoir, This was about 6I per cent of the total runoff of 389 cfs during the same period. The maximum yearly diversion was 30I1 cfs (196 mgd) in water year 1952, before completion of the supplementaiy system on the Patapsco River, After 1953, when Baltimore began taking water from the Patapsco, Gunpowder diversions trended downward, reaching a minimtmi yearly value of I6I cfs (lOii mgd) in 1958, For the water year 1962, the mean diversion from Gunpowder Falls was I76 cfs (111; mgd), or U5 per cent of the 13-year average runoff. The annual minimum monthly and maximum monthly diversions and the yearly mean diversions for water years 19U9-1950 through 1961-1962 are listed in Table 8, The water diverted from Gunpowder Falls is treated and distributed through- out a large part of metropolitan Baltimore, The waste waters from this area are collected and conveyed to sewage treatment plants, mostly to the Back River plant. 23 Table 8, Diversions of Water from Gunpowder Falls for Water Supply of Baltimore, 19U9-1962 DIVERSION Water Year Minimum Maximum Mean, (Oct, -Sept.) Month Nov, cfs 263 Month cfs 309 cfs 19U9-50 Aug, 281 1950-51 April 285 Aug. 325 302 1951-52 April 287 Aug. 321 30U 1952-53* March 281 June 310 296 l953-5h Feb. 262 July 306 279 195U-55 May- 2li7 Oct. 30U 276 1955-56 Jan. 155 Feb,, May 30U 271 1956-57 Sept, 171 Jan. 258 211 1957-58 May 150 Sept, 17U 161 1958-59 Nov. II16 Sept, 197 175 1959-60 Nov. 165 Aug, 200 180 1960-61 Nov. 157 July, Aug, 193 17U 1961-62 April 160 Aug. 189 176 * Baltimore supplemented Gunpowder Falls supply with diversions from Nor"Wi Branch Patapsco River beginning February 26, 1953. Until I9U2, this plant discharged all of its treated effluent into Bread and Cheese Greek, a small tributary of Back River. The outfall is approximately 0,1 mile above the mouth of the creek, which in turn is 6,9 miles above the mouth of Back River. Because the effluent mingled with the tidal, brackish waters of Back River, it was no longer suitable for reuse for most purposes. However, beginning in I9U2, part of the effluent from the sewage disposal plant was given additional treatment and was piped to the Bethlehem Steel Company's mills at Sparrows Point 2U where it was used primarily for cooling purposes. In 19k3t the first full calendar year of this water-reclamation practice, the steel company used 23o5 rogd of effluento By 1955, this use had increased to 68,9 mgd, about half of the total discharge from the disposal plant. In I963, the steel company was reclaiming 113 mgd of the treated waste waters. After the reclaimed water serves its functions in the steel mills, it is discharged into the brackish waters near the mouth of the Patapsco River, and thus disappears as a fresh-water resource. The diversion of water by the City of Baltimore frcsn Gunpowder Falls has a marked effect upon the flow in that stream below Loch Raven Dam (mile 13,8), A Baeasui*e of this effect can be obtained by ccanparing the diverted flow with the streamflow at the gaging station at river mile 11,0 near Carney, Maryland, 2,8 miles below the point of diversion. It has been stated already that the average diversion for a 13-year period amounted to 6I per cent of the runoff of the water- shed above the gage. However, these averages show only part of the regulating effect. Although the purpose of the two reservoirs on Gunpowder Falls is to provide a relatively stable flow at the water intake, the system has the opposite effect on the streamflow below the intake and dam. This is because the reservoirs and diversion system have little relative influence on the higher rates of runoff, but greatly reduce the lower rates. The result is an increase in the frequency of lofw flows with only a minimal decrease in the frequency of flood flows. For example, during the year ending September 30, I963, the daily streamflow at the "near Carney" gage ranged from 2,6 cfs to 2,5iiO cfs, giving a ratio of high to low of almost 98O to 1, In the water year 1952-53, the ratio of the maximum daily flow to the minimum was 1,303 to 1, In contrast, the high-to-low ratio for an unregulated strean^ the South Branch of the Patapsco River at Henryton, was only 79 to 1 in I96I-62 and only 65 to 1 in 1952-53, Comparisons for other years give similar results. This merely illustrates that even though regulated to a relatively 25 high degree, the streamflows in Gunpowder Falls are largely diverted and therefore the regulation does not stabilize the flow below Loch Raven Dain, but greatly de- creases the low flows. In comparing these ratios, it must be kept in mind that these reservoirs were not intended to sei^e a low-flov? augmentation function - the City of Baltimore is not restricted in the use of the Gunpowder water and is not obligated to release any quantities for augmentation purposes, Wolff and Whiteford (1^58) have warned that with the Susquehanna River project ccmpleted, the low flows in the Gunpowder may be reduced further. As they explained it: The proposed method of utilizing the new source from the Susquehanna will be to pump water over a distance of approximately 35 miles into Baltimore City upon demand. Demand will occur only when the Loch Raven Reservoir system comprising Prettyboy and the Loch Raven Reservoirs, as well as the new Liberty Reservoir, are virtually depleted. At that point, the Susquehanna will be drawn upon to firm up the required demands. The effect of this method of operation on the Prettyboy and the Loch Raven system will be to decrease even further the small downstream flows in the Gunpowder River which occur during the dry seasons. This means that with the Susquehanna diversion project completed, Baltimore can increase the yield of the Gunpowder gravity system by drawing down Prettyboy and Loch Raven Reservoirs with constraint, knowing that the Susquehanna tunnel will be able to make up any deficiency that may occur. With the Gunpowder Falls Reservoir levels generally lower, empty storage capacity will be available to catch and hold some storm runoff that otherwise would pass over the spillway at Loch Raven Dam and rush unused into Chesapeake Bay, The result will be greater diversions for water supply and correspondingly less water flowing in the lli-mile reach of Gun- powder Falls below Loch Raven Dam, North Branch Patapsco River - The City of Baltimore began diverting water for municipal purposes from the North Branch Patapsco River on February 26, 1953, 26 During the remainder of that year, the monthly mean diversions varied from zero in April and May to about Ul cfs in August, and averaged about 11 cfs. Two years later, during the water year 195U-5$, the Baltimore diversion from Liberty Reservoir averaged 16? cfs, the highest for any water year through the period ending September 30, 1962, For water year I962-63, the latest for which data have been published, the mean diversion was I63 cfs (lOU mgd). The point of diversion from the North Branch is at mile 3.2, just above Liberty Dam, This diversion greatly reduces the streamflow in the lower 3«2-mile reach of the North Branch, as well as in the length of the main stem of the Patapsco River from its head at the junction of the North and South Branches (mile 36. U) down to tidal waters. The flow reduction is revealed by the recorded streamflows at mile 2,3 on the North Branch, near Marriottsville, Maryland, where a stream gaging station was maintained from October, 1929, through September, i960. Until diversion by Baltimore began, the minimum yearly mean flow observed was 75,8 cfs, (for water year 1930-31), and the 23-year mean flow was 179 cfs (II6 mgd). After the diversion began, the minimum yearly flow observed was 0,53 cfs (for water year 1958-59), and the eight-year mean flow was 78,8 cfs. During the observed diversion period, there were three water years with mean flows of 1,07 cfs or less. These data and others selected from the record of the gage are listed in Table 9. Vftien compared with data for the preregulated stream, these data indicate a high degree of flow regulation at the gaging station near Marriottsville. The mean diversion of I68 cfs (107 mgd) during the water year 195U-55 was equal to 93.5 per cent of the 31-year mean flow of I80 cfs. Since Liberty Dam was first closed on July 22, 195^, no releases to the stream below the dam have been made except by overflow of the dam. This practice has resulted in lengthy periods of no stream- flow at the gage, except for seepage and local runoff below the dam in the North Branch, However, the City of Baltimore has agreed to maintain a river flow of 13 27 Table 9. Selected Streamflow Data for North Branch Patapsco River for Period Since Beginning of Diversion for Municipal Water Supply of Baltimore Minimum Daily Maximum Daily Minimum Monthly Mean Yearly, Water Year Date cfs 7.7 Date 3/2U/53 cfs Month 8/53 cfs 66.0 cfs 1952-53^ 9A/53 l,3ij0.0 261.0 1953-5U Many 0.2 5/U/51i 1,090.0 9.5U 0.25 91.3 195U-55 io/2/5a 0,2 8/13/53 27.0 10/5U 0.29 0.68 1955-562 11/18/55 0.5 7/21/56 U,ioo.o 12/55 20.8 118.0 1956-57 8/7/57 0.3 U/6/57 7UU.0 8/57 O.iil 75.9 1957-58 11/22/57 0.2 2/28/58 1,100.0 11/57 13.2 82.1 1958-59 1/5/59 0.2 9/2/59 6.1 8/59 0.35 0.53 1959-60 10/7/59 0.2 U/5/60 7.9 10/59 0.U2 1.07 1 Diversion began February 26, 1953 2 Water overflowed crest of spillway at Liberty Dam for the first time on February 6, 1956. ragd (20.1 cfs) in the main stem of the Patapsco River at the stream gaging station at Hollofield (river mile 28.3). This gage is 8,1 miles below the junction of the North and Soutti Branches and 11,3 stream miles below Liberty Dam. The flow of 13 mgd is guaranteed by a decree of the Circuit Court of Baltimore County as a result of a suit instituted against the City of Baltimore by the New Haven Board and Carton Company, which operates a paper board mill on the Patapsco River at mile 22.2, about six miles downstream of the Hollofield gage. When the specified mini- mum flow is not supplied by runoff from the unregulated South Branch, the City is required to release water from Liberty Reservoir into the stream below Liberty Dam to make up the deficit. 28 The purpose of the guaranteed flov; is to provide dilution of the wastes discharged by the mill. The specified minimum of 13 mf;d {20,'} cfs) is only a frac- tion of the flow based on the criterion used by the State of Maryland for the pur- pose of waste-treatment requirements (KcComas, 1957). This criterion, the flow exceeded by 95 per cent of the daily flows, results in a design streamflow at the Hollofield gage of 6U cfs (Ul mgd), as conputed by Darling (19^2) for conditions of runoff before 195U. Darling also computed the daily flow exceeded 9? per cent of the time for the South Branch of the Patapsco at Henryton, which he estimated to be lU cfs (9 mgd), ESctrapolating the "design flow" at Henryton (6Ii,i4 square miles) to account for the unregulated drainage area above the Hollofield gage (121 square miles) results in a waste-treatment design flow of 121 X 111 of s - 26,U cfs = 17 mgd. Assuming no releases from Liberty Reservoir duri ng low- flow periods except as required to maintain the court-decreed 13 mgd at the Hollofield gage, the unregulated "design flow" of 17 mgd is a reasonable streamflow for use as a dilution factor in canputing treatment requirements for wastes to be discharged into the Patapsco River at the gage, and proportionately less or greater for loca- tions upstream or downstream, respectively. Comparison of the pre-dam and present design flows, 6h cfs and 26 cfs, respectively, indicates much less dilution, and therefore much greater waste -treatment required now to maintain acceptable water quality than would be required in the absence of Liberty Dam, In addition to the reduction of waste-assimilative capacity, of course, a reduction in the dependable yield of the Patapsco River for water supply results from the diversion of the North Branch by Baltimore, The water taken by Baltimore from Liberty Reservoir flows by gravity through a tunnel 12 feet in diameter and about 12,5 miles in length to the Ashburton 29 Filtration Plant. The Ashburton Plant supplies water by gravity to the Second Zone of Baltimore's water distribution system, and by pumping to the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Zones, After use the unconsumed residual water (sewage) is collected, treated, and discharged into Back River (via Bread and Cheese Creek), or into the Patapsco River estuary via the Bethlehem Steel Coinpany's sewage reclamation plant and steel mills, or into the Patapsco River estuary via the Wagners Point Sewage Treatment Plant, Once the used water mixes with the brackish waters of the estuaries, it is effectively removed from the fresh water supply available for use or reuse. Thus, as in the case of the water diverted from Gunpowder Falls, -___■■■. the diversion from the North Branch Patapsco River is equivalent to a consumptive use no less than if the water were removed by evapotranspiration. Canals and Aqueducts No canals are found in the Western Shore drainage basin, either for navigation or for conveyance of water, Chesapeake Bay and its many tributaries have afforded an easy means of water transportation to much of the area, and indeed, ^s'i. ctox.lu.i'xJ: are largely responsible for the eastern concentration of population and industry within the basin. The Potomac River, though outside the V/estern Shore area considered in this report, provides navigable waters to within a short distance of the southern and southwestern portions of the Western Shore drainage basin. These waterways have obviated the need for canal development for transportation. The existing aqueducts in the Western Shore basin have been discussed earlier in this report under the topic of diversions. They include the tunnel now under construction from the Susquehanna River to the City of Baltimorej the tunnel from Loch Raven Dam on Gunpowder Falls to the City of Baltimorej the tunnel from Liberty Reservoir on the North Branch Patapsco River to Baltimore's Ashburton Filtration Plant; and the pipeline through which water is conveyed from the 30 Patuxent River to the water treatment facilities of the Washington Suburban Sanitary District, It is worthy of note that the tunnel which will bring Susquehanna River water to Baltimore, and the growing distribution system to the southwest of that city toward Washington, have counterparts in the system of the Washington Suburban Sanitary District •vrtiich supplies Potomac River water to the area near the Potoniac but growing northeastward toward Baltimore, It appears not at all unlikely that within a reasonably short time the two systems will meet somewhere between Baltimore and Washington, It is hardly less unlikely that there will be cross-connections between the two systems, so that some water users will be supplied with both Susquehanna River and Potomac River water, at times one or the other and at times a mixture of the two. With both systems now committed to heavy use of the Susquehanna and the Potcanac Rivers as their respective major sources, the die is probably cast for further development of these out-of -basin sources for water supply in the Western Shore drainage basin. Undeveloped Reservoir Sites There has been no recent basin-wide study of potential sites for reservoirs in the Western Shore area of the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin. "Bie only such study that can be classified as basin wide was carried out three decades ago, but this study was based on the single-purpose objective of water supply for the City of Baltimore. The modem concept of multiple-purpose reservoir develop- ment has received little consideration in this area to date, Rese3rvoir and dam sites which have been investigated in the past for one purpose or another include sites on most of the major streams discharging into the Chesapeake Bay between the Susquehanna and Potomac Rivers. They also include one site across a portion of Chesapeake Bay itself, the principal sites 31 vdll be discussed here in the upstreain -to-down stream order used elsewhere in this report, Susquehanna Flats - Engineers in the State of Delaware, in a search for water needed for that State's growing population and industries, have suggested two low dams across the northern end of Chesapeake Bay to create a tidsil barrier. One of these dams would extend from the mainland across Spesutie Narrows to Spesutie Island, The other dam would extend from the east side of Spesutie Island, in Harford County, eastward to Turkey Point in Cecil County, Maryland. For the latter, a so-called "rubber dam" has been considered. These synthetic rubber dams have been used successfully elsewhere for creating heads of as much as 12 feet, much greater than is thought necessary for the upper bay tidal barrier. The purj>ose of the tidal barrier would be to create a shallow fresh- water lake fed primarily by the Susquehanna River, but also by the Northeast River and minor streams in Harford and Cecil counties. The Delaware plan, still in a very preliminary stage, envisions a pumping station on the eastern shore of the impoundment which would force water eastward through a pipeline across Cecil County into the State of Delaware. The advantages and disadvantages of the tidal barrier have not been reviewed, but if physically, economically, and politically feasible, the plan would add considerable fresh water to the supply available not only to Delaware, but also to the eastern and western shore areas of Maryland, Reservoir Sites (193U Study) - About 30 years ago, a group of "Advisory- Engineers" (Gregory, Requardt, and Wolman, 193U) carried out a study of potential sources of additional water supply for the City of Baltimore, Their study included at least cursory examination of all larger streams, and some not so 32 large, throughout the Western Shore basin from the Susquehanna to the Potomac and westward to the Monocacy River, Among the western shore streams studied were Winters Run in the Bush River sub-basin. Little Gunpowder Falls, Western Run (a tributary of Gunpowder Falls), Gunpowder Falls, the Patapsco River and the Patuxent River, Table 10 summarizes the major findings of the study. For more detailed information, consult the reference quoted© It is of interest to note that the Advisory Engineers in their 193h report recommended the Big Gunpowder Dam Site as the most favorable among those studies for the next addition to Baltimore's water storage facilities. However, they pointed out that urban development and land costs were increasing in the Gunpowder Falls area at such a rate that: ... it is our belief that, if the Loch Raven Reservoir is not raised to higher elevation as the next major development in securing additional water, it is doubtful if it ever will be raised (Gregory et al, 193U)» Almost 30 years have passed since that warning. The next major development undertaken by Baltimore was the Patapsco River project. Liberty Reservoir, followed by the Susquehanna diversion project, now under construction. These developments, together with recent residential development in the Gunpowder Falls watershed at a rate far in access of anything anticipated in 193i4, make it even more doubtful now that the level of Loch Raven Reseinroir will even be raised to elevation 270 or higher. Status of 193U Sites in 196$ - With Liberty Reservoir completed and the Susquehanna diversion tunnel under construction, it is possible that Baltimore will not need to develop any additional water supply reservoirs during the present century. The choice of the Patapsco River project in the late forties, and the more recent choice of the Susquehanna project instead of the Gunpowder Falls 33 0) o o 01 a o n O 1 -p 0) e m rH Q) • o iH Cfl 3 cd tiD C o Xi cd -H cd O £h f-l w a iH a 3 O o a +j pq •H •H Cd 5 Pi t m Q) > a cd > cd o to d tjD c •H o ^^ O. .ai CQ tH cn (D C +3 iH ■n jz Q) j:: 3 G rt ;3 0) o pi •H fH rH :=! X o • •\ »-:» ta o a" cu CD ■" CD •SS Cm rH C -P tJ O J2 O c LO (D cd •H ■P h CO U O c © o -P O W a (U j3 T3 to > ca d a^ •H o a u CO o tn o o o c C -p -Q r-t -H O X! +J m (D o -p CO O > Ai •H O >j-P -o o 0) to o 03 iH ^ no u 4^ •H u 4J -H cd (D •H fH •H 0 +J C cd o W rQ •H H Q :=! a, to 0} •H -P CO to o -p ■H CO bO C o a> u o > cd -p ta o cd -H H XI cu u I H I tXl I rH I sO CO >> to •H o O -H cd i-i CL,r-i td -H ff; O rQ O H •^ ch O O O I • I o I I I I cd CD rH o S-i — H tt; ^ CJ H -p ^.g to in TV • • • •H O >A m cvj rH rH H S Pm C\J +5 tJ •H e CD 0 rn cd vill vill wer i U -P (§ CO to to to to u cd cd to o 0) 0) O +3 rH fU, O O rH -<}• H CV CD m -p -p •H -H to CO Q O tn ^^ rH H 3 fi P ftj pq PQ fl X! ^ Sh -P +J to O CNi CV 5 . . o > > P, -P O o o (D ^^ bD X) • • •H > > Ih (D -P -P O •H •H o CO CO a, ■p T» U CO 3 Cf 0) Pi o © C3 0) o n o CO project and others considered by the 193U report of the Advisory Engineers, indicate that the relative economic considerations have already changed markedly since 193U. Being relatively close to Baltimore, the watershed areas of Gunpowder Falls and Little Gunpowder Falls have been developed considerably for residential and other puiposes in the last 30 years. Forty years fran now, when Baltimore may need an additional water supply, further cultural develop- ments in these watersheds will make it ever more costly to create large reservoirs. Economics would probably dictate the use of additional water from the Susquehanna, unless, of course, the unlikely situation occurs whereby this supply would not be available because of upstream withdrawals and diversions. In light of these considerations, the reservoir sites studied in 193U will probably never be developed for the purposes originally intended, that of augmenting the Baltimore water supply. These impoundments, however, could serve purposes other than water supply or for water supply of areas nearer the dam sites than Baltimore, It should be noted that the 193^ study by the Advisory Engineers was aimed at single-purpose reservoir developments. In recent years, however, the concept of multiple-puipose reservoirs has received widespread acceptance. It is possible that some of the 193U dam sites, if restudied from the viewpoint of multipurpose use to meet regional needs, might be found to be economical and worthwhile projects. For such a study, the data ccmpiled in the 19 3U investiga- tion, as published in the report by Gregory, Requardt, and Wolman (193U), as well as the unpublished material supporting that report, would be invaluable. The unpublished materials are to be found in the custody of the Bureau of Water Supply of the City of Baltimore, A list of these materials is given in the Appendix of the 193U report. 35 Underground Storage Possibilities With the exception of two industrial firms in the vicinity of Glen Bumie (Anne Arundel County) there is no use of artificial recharge of aquifers in the Western Shore basin at this time. Probably the most important reason for not using artificial recharge is the availability of more economic means of obtaining water. Other factors are also involved which tend to discourage this practice. In the Piedmont area, potential storage is generally limited to the thin, weathered mantle overlying firm rock, Withdraxvals from this storage area are usually replaced by natural recharge during wet seasons. Although the capacity of aquifers in the Piedmont area is much less than those of the Coastal Plain, here again annual natural recharge can replace withdrawals. Furthermore, because much of the ground water in this region occurs under artesian conditions, there are no voids in the rock which could store water. Artificial injection of water in these aquifers would merely have the effect of increasing streamflow. Although artificial recharge has not been generally accepted as a feasible solution to water supply problems, there are several specialized uses of this practice deserving further consideration. Artificial recharge of aquifers in the Baltimore industrial area has been suggested by Bennett and Meyer (1952) as a means of increasing the supply of low-temperature water for industrial cooling purposes. This could be done, they point out, by injecting public-supply water into the ground during the winter, when it is colder than the naturally recharged ground water, for use during the summer. A second specialized use of artificial recharge might be for protecting aquifers from salt-water intrusion. As practiced on the Pacific Coast for this purpose, fresh water is injected through wells strategically 36 located near the salt fronto By raising the level of fresh water near the intruding salt water, the hydraulic gradient of the water in the aquifer can be reversed and the landward movement of the salt stopped, or the salt water may ever be pushed back. 37 INVENTORY OF SURFACE WATER USES Surface water uses can be classified as withdrawal uses or instream uses; the latter cJassification can be further subdivided into flow and on-site uses. These terms and others are described in the General Reference Section - INVENTORY OF SURFACE WATER USES. Tabular material concerning water use appears in the following appendices: Appendix B - intakes, outfalls, gaging station records Appendix E - surface water permits Appendix F - ground water permits The amount of water consumed (i,eo actually removed from available supply^ is only a small part of the total used. Most of the fresh water taken from streams in the basin is used for public water supplieso Various authorities have estimated I that from 5 to 20 per cent of water entering municipal distribution systems is con- sumed. The remainder, after use, is normally available for reuse after treatment to remove impurities or after purification by natural processes in surface streams or aquifers into which the used but unconsumed water is discharged. In areas such as the Western Shore of the Chesapeake Bay, however, ^rtiere much of the population and industry which use fresh water are located near brackish or saline water bodies, the usually necessary practice of discharging once-used fresh water into these salty waters constrains reuse. Once mixed with the salt- laden waters, the waste waters are no longer available for reuse as fresh water. With one important exception, this describes the situation throughout the area of th Western Shore drainage basin. The exception is the interception and reuse by the steel mills at Sparrows Point of a large part of the treated effluent from Baltimore Back River sewage disposal plant. Before this conservation practice began in 19l|.2, all of the effluent vjas discharged to the estuarine waters of Back River via a small tributary. A considerable part of these wastes are still discharged without reuse into Back River, 38 Since the waste waters discharged into brackish or saline waters are removed from the available supply of fresh water as effectively as if they were evaporated, or transpired, such discharge is similar in effect to a consumptive use. This is especially noteworthy in the Western Shore area and other parts of Maryland adjacent to the Chesapeake Bay, its tidal arms, or to the Atlantic Ocean, It is also worth noting at this time because recently it has become popular to argue that generally waste waters can be reused in preference to more expensive develop- ment of new supplies. This may not be generally true for the Western Shore drainage basin. >H.thdrawal Uses The withdrawal uses of surface waters can be classified as municipal, insti- tutional, industrial, or agricultural uses, A fifth category sometimes employed is rural-domestic use, but this seldom involves surface water. Only the first four classifications need be discussed for the Western Shore drainage basin. Municipal and Institutional Surface Supplies - Table 11 lists the ccanmunities and institutions which take water from surface streams of the Western Shore drainage area. The table also shows the stream on which each intake is located, and the latest available data on the amount of water withdrawn. Several of the intakes are maintained in a standby status for use when needed to supplement the regular facilities. Most of the water intakes are located in the Patapsco and Patuxent sub-basins. The two largest mean withdrawals in 1962, both for the Baltimore system, were from Gun- powder Falls and the North Branch Patapsco River, These two withdrawals together amounted to 218,3 mgd on the average during the calendar year ending December 31, 1962. During the same year, the Washington Suburban Sanitary District took 51.6 mgd on the average frcxn the Patuxent River, Other withdrawals were relatively small, the largest being i;,0 mgd. 39 The total withdrawal of water from surface streams in the basin by the municipal and institutional systems was about 282 ni,g;d in 1962. Of this amount, 270 w,d were accounted for by the systems of the City of Baltimore and the Washing- ton Suburban Sanitary District, These water-supply systems served a large part of the population and industry of metropolitan Baltimore and the Maryland portion of metropolitan Washington, Table 11, Municipal and Institutional Surface Water Supplies in Chesapeake Bay (Western Shore) Basin - 1962 Name of Community or Institution Annapolis Baltimore Baltimore Bel Air Bel Air Bowie Race Track Edgewood Army Chemical Center Fort Meade Ilchester Md, House of Correction Md. House of Correction Montrose School for Girls Sherwood Forest Springfield State Hospital Washington Suburban Sanitary District^ Washington Suburban Sanitary District^ Westminster^ Westminster'^ Location of Intake, Sub-basin and Source Stream South River, Broad Creek Gunpowder River, Gunpowder Falls Patapsco River, North Branch Bush River, Bynum Run Bush River, V/inters Run Patuxent River, Horsepen Branch Bush River, Winters Run Patuxent River, L, Patuxent R, Patapsco River, Main Stem Patuxent River, L, Patuxent R, Dorsey Run Unnamed Tributary Patuxent River, Patapsco River, Severn River, Brewer Creek Patapsco River, Piney Run Patuxent River, Main Stem Patuxent River, Main Stem Patapsco River, Cranberry Branch Patapsco River, North Branch Mean Withdrawal wgd (standby) 113.100 105,200 (standby) 0,500 0.125 3.900 U.OOO 0,015 (standby) 0.820 0.030 0.037 1.300 (standby) 51.600 0.900 ( standby) a Part of water is used outside of Western Shore basin, b All water is used, outside of Western Shore basin. Source: Geological Survey, 1962) Geological Suirvey, 1963) Public Health Service, 196U) All other data Baltimore and Washington Suburban Sanitary District Uo The Baltimore system serves, in addition to the City of Baltimore, that area surrounding the City in Baltimore, Anne Arundel and Howard Counties, Tlie water works of the City supplied l,i|05,000 water users in I962 with an average of 155 gallons per person per day, a per capita rate influenced by industrial use of water.* The monthly rates of water use from the public water system of Baltimore during I962 are listed in Table 12. The total monthly withdrawals fran the Gunpowder and Patapsco Reservoirs varied from a low of 200,3 mgd in November to a high of 236.5 mgd in July, The maximum daily rate of water use from the Baltimore distri- bution system for the year was 285,23 mgd on August 31, 1962, Table 12. Monthly Rates of Water Use, Baltimore Public Water System - 1962 Mean Rate of Water Use (mgd) Month Gunpowder Falls 118.2 North Branch Patapsco 98.2 Total January 2l6.Ji February 118.2 97.6 215.8 March 112.U 98.2 210.6 April 103. I4 101. U 20U,8 May 110o5 ll)u3 22U.8 June 120o2 113.1 233.3 July 120.2 116.3 236.5 August 122,1 118.2 2UO.3 September 113.1 111.8 22U.9 October 105.9 101,1 206.0 November lOli.O 96,3 200.3 December 107.9 97,6 205.5 MEAN 113,1 105.2 218.2 Source: Geological Survey, I962 Geological Survey, I963 This calculation is based on the total amount of raw water withdrawn from the two sources, an estimated 218 mgd. Excluding transmission losses and water used in filter wash, approximately 208 mgd actually enter the distribution systan. Ul The area served by the Washington Suburban Sanitary District includes parts of Montgomery, Howard, and Prince George's Counties, As of 1962, the Public Health Service reported that the District served a population of 675>000 with 60,3 mgd of water from its several sources, the Patuxent and Potomac Rivers and two wells. More recent information (196$) indicates that the service area population is now 750,000 and water use has increased to 72 mgd. The per capita use of 96 gpd still is considerably less than the 1$5 gallons per capita daily cited for the Baltimore water service area, which reflects the heavy use of water by wet-process industries in Baltimore in addition to domestic and commercial requirements. The area served by the Washington Suburban Sanitary District is largely residentiaJ. in nature, with little heavy industry. The monthly rates of withdrawal from the Patuxent River by the Rocky Gorge Pumping Station for use in the Washington Suburban Sanitary District are list in Table 13 for 1962, These data, reported by the Geological Survey (1962, I963), show a minimum monthly rate of U6 mgd in January and a maximum of 6I mgd in August, The Rocky Gorge Station pumped an average of $1,6 mgd during 1962, Table 13, Monthly Rates of Water Pumpage from Patuxent River by Rocky Gorge Pumping Station - I962 Mean Rate Month in mgd January U6,0 February U6,3 March U8,3 April $0,1 May $7,2 June 514..? July $$.3 August 61,0 September $3,7 October $0«7 November i;8,2 December U7.9 MEAN $1.6 Source: Geological Survey, I962, I963 U2 It is noteworthy that the total 1962 use of water for municipal and insti- tutional purposes from surface streams of the V/estern Shore basin, indicated to be on the order of 282 mgc^ was no more than the long term average runoff from an area of only 366 square miles, based on the mean runoff observed at 33 gaging stations in Western Shore drainage area (see Table 3). This is only about 11 per cent of the total land area in the basin and is less than the respective drainage area of the Gunpowder, Patapsco or Patuxent Rivers, This means that any one of these stream systems, if developed so that the total runoff could be consumed for use, could more than meet the 1962 demand for municipal and institutional water supplies through- out the Western Shore drainage basin. Because of both physical and economic factors, a number of water sources are currently being usedj nevertheless, the overall supply-demand situation supports statements by Singewald (1958) and others that water problems in Maryland are distribution problems, not resource problons. Available data on municipal and institutional water supplies are not adequate to show the amounts of water used consumptively. To meet the need for tentative values, it is estimated that consumptive use varies from 5 per cent of the withdrawal rate in December to 20 per cent in August, Research is needed to provide more reliable information on consumption. Industrial Surface Water Supplies - The largest known industrial with- drawal rate in the Western Shore basin is U78 mgd used by the Charles P. Crane steam-electric generating station of the Baltimore Gas and Electric Company, This plant takes water from Seneca Creek, a brackish-water arm of Chesapeake Bay, and uses it in a once-through condenser cooling system. Several older steam-electric stations in Baltimore Harbor (Patapsco River estuary) use large but undetermined amounts of brackish cooling water. Another electric generating station is now under construction at Chalk Point on the Patuxent River, Although these thermal electric generating stations account for a very large portion of total water use U3 \ within the Western Shore basin, cooling watei' use is practically nonconsuirrptive. The water is returned to the surface waterway from vjhich it is vjithdrawn (or to a nearby stream) undiminished, in quantity and unchanged in quality except for a tempera ture increase. Moreover, since they use brackish water for this purpose, these condensing systems have no effect on the fresh-water supplies of the basin. Many ether industrial plants take brackish water from Baltimore Harbor, primarily for cooling purposes. Garland (1952) reported more than a decade ago that well over one billion gallons of harbor water were being used daily by indus- try for cooling and cleaning. The fresh-water demands of these industries are supplied either by the public system of Baltimore (see Appendix G), by privately- cvmed wells, or by the use of treated municipal sewage. Data are not available for an accurate accounting of surface water with- i drawals or consumptive use by industries of the Vfcstem Shore basin. It is anticipatec that better information vdll be collected as a result of current efforts of the Public Health Service and the State Planning Department who are conducting an industrial water-use study, Knovm industrial withdrawals (excluding use for steam-electric generation) in the Chesapeake Bay West basin total 12, i4 mgd. Probably another 1,^00 mgd of saline water are used in the Baltimore Harbor area with about half of this amount used by public utility industries. Agricultural Use of Surface Water - The use of water for agricultural pur- poses has never been extensive in the Western Shore drainage area. Farmers in this part of Maryland, as in the rest of the State and throughout the humid Eastern states, have depended until quite recently upon natural rainfall during the growing season plus water stored in the soil to supply the moisture needed by growing crops. Since World War II, however, there has been a trend of increasing use of water for supple- mental irrigation in the East, For example, Reynolds (1955) reported that in the kh I entire State of Maryland, the number of acres irrip;ated increased fron 700 in 19U9 to 12,000 in 191?U and 20,000 in 1955. He did not specify the amounts of sur':"ace water included in these figures,, Earlier, MacKichan (1951) had reported that 1,000 acre-feet of ground vrater and a "negligible" quantity of surface water were used for irrigation in Maryland in 19?0. However, in 1957, according to Meyer (1957), Maryland irrigators used 206 acre-feet per day (67.2 mgd) to sunplonent rainfaJ.1 on 12,233 acres vri-th only 6 per cent of the water coming from wells j the rest was taken from streams, estuaries, and ponds, Meyer presented his 1957 data for groups of counties according tc the three physiographic provinces of the State, the Coastal Plain, Piedmont and Appalachian provinces. The Coastal Plain data included water use for Anne .Arundel, Calvert, Prince George's, and St, Mary's Counties of the Western Shore, as well as for all of the counties of the Eastern Shore of Maryland, The Piedmont counties included Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, Howard and Montgomery Counties of the V/estem Shore drainage area, as well as several other counties outside this area. The Appalachian province includes the three westernmost counties of Maryland, outside the axea considered in this report. Meyer reported that an average of 50 mgd (l53 acre-feet per day) of ground and surface water was used in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont provinces during the irrigation season in 1957 •» He stated that the principal months of supplemental irrigation were June, July, and August, with May and September less ijnportant. In the Coastal Plain counties, the average daily use was 29. U millions of gallons (90 acre-feet), of which 39 per cent was taken from streams and estuaries, 53 per cent from ponds, and 8 per cent from wells. In the Piedmont province counties, irrj-gators used an average of 20,6 mgd (63 acre-feet per day). Of this daily quantity, 6k per cent came from streans or estuaries, 3k per cent from ponds, and only 2 per cent from wells. kS Mever's data for the two provinces represented in the Western Shore basin are presented in Tab] e Djo Other sources of data on fhe use of irrigation water in Maryland are MacKichan (ly^;?), Galbreath (:960), Boyer (19$B), Bureau of the Census (1956), Carbauc:h, et al (I960), and Krewatch (1957). Table Hu Water Use for Supplemental Irrigation in CoaPt^.l Plain and Piednont Provinces of Maryland, 19^7 Physiographic province: Coast^tl Plain Piedmont Average use in irrigation season mgd: 29. l! 20.6 acre-feet per day: 90.0 63.0 Area irrigated, acres: 6,622.0 3,u66,0 Average amount applied per acre: gallons per day: U, .'a 00.0 5,900.0 acre-feet per day: 0.013 0.016 Increase in acreage irrigated 19)49-1957, per cent: 1,900.0 5,it00.0 19514-195?, per cent: 73.0 17.0 Source of water, per cent: 100.0 100.0 streams or estuaries, per cent: 39.0 6U,0 ponds, per cent: 53.0 3*4.0 weUs, per cent: 8.0 2.0 Method of distribution, per cent: 100.0 100,0 sprinkler, per cent: 95.0 90,0 ditch, per cent: 5.0 10,0 Source: Meyer (1957) A discussion of consumptive use in irrigation is found in the General Reference Section - INVENTORY OF SURFACE WATER USES. Also discussed is the effect of irrigation on streaJnflo^^f records and ce^^tain administrative aspects of irrigation. Since there are considerable lands in the Western Shore basin near the tidal streaaji tributary to Chesapeake Bay, it is worth mentioning here that many of these tidal waterways at times contain fresh or only slightly saline waters in their upstream U6 reaches. By selectively vjithdrawiiig water at such times (for example, a low-water clack tide), fanns near these upstream reaches may be able to obtain water adequate in quantity and satisfactory in quality to meet their irrjf.ation needs (Lav; and Renfro, 1955). Water from these tidal streams will not as l:ike"ly become the subject of conflicts or litigation as water from streams farther inland. In stream Uses Water uses which do not require removal of water from its natural surface waterway are frequently termed non-wi thdrawal or instream uses. These uses include hydroelectric power generation, navigation, fishing, recreation, and waste disposal. Although these instream functions are nonconsumptive, the use of water for any one of them may - and frequently does - conflict with uses for other non-vri. thdrawal purposes, as well as with the various withdrawal uses. On the other hand, provision of water in a stream for one purpose may automatically provide more water for other purposes. For these reasons, instream water uses must be considered in any evalua- tion of water supply and demand. Hydroelectric Power Generation - Historically, the use of falling water for the generation of electric power has not been very important in the Western Shore drainage area, Hydromechanical power was known throughout the Piedmont area, and especially on streams near the Fall Line, where the available hydraulic head was converted to mechanical energy primarily for the milling of grain. As late as 1929, Mathews and Watson (1929) reported that the Piedmont streams of Baltimore County ",,. develop considerably water power which is used locally for small milling and manufacturing purposes," According to Wolman et al (1933), the Consolidated Gas, Electric Light, and Power Company operated a small hydroelectric power station on the Patapsco River at Avalon as late as 1933. This facility, which had a capacity of only 1,000 horsepower, is no longer in use, Wolman et al (1933) also reported that another hydroelectric U7 plant, owned hv the Maryland Realty Company of BaTtiiriore and inoperative since 1909, was located on the Patuxent River at Laurel. The capacity of this plant was reported as "unknown." There are no lart^e-scale developments in the Western Shore area for hyid.ro- electric power production. Since they have been preempted for water supply, the largest streams, even if they were suitable otherwise, retain little or no potential for economically feasible production of conventional hydroelectric power. The smaller streams could not support such development because of insufficient flow, inadequate range of elevation, or both. Recently, great interest has developed in this country in the production of hydroelectric power by the so-called pumped-storage method. This method uses off-peak power from another source, such as a steam-electric station, to pump water from a low-elevation source to a high-elevation reservoir. During periods of peak dejnand for energy, the high-level water is passed through the combination pump-turbines to supplement the base power capacity of the system. Since pumped-storage facilities use more energy when pumping than they produce when generating, they are economically feasible only if the overall value of the energy generated is greater than the cost of pumping. This is possible because of the difference between the prices of energy in periods of peak and low demand. It should be noted that pumped-storage schemes usually rely upon recircula- tion of water, and therefore have little affect upon the average water supply avail- able for other purposes. However, they may cause daily or weekly fluctuations of streamflow or reservoir elevation, depending upon the physical scheme employed. Although there are no pumped-storage projects in existence in the Western Shore basin, there is probably a potential for development of such facilities, as evidenced by a recent license for a project of this type on Muddy Run, a tributary of the Susquehanna River not far beyond the northern limit of the Western Shore basin. U8 Navigation - Marine transportation is a very important feature of the water uses of the Western Shore area. Baltimore Harbor, formed by the estuary of the Patapsco River, is one of the busiest seaports in the country, rankinj: amonf the most important in terms of bulk cargo handled, Chesapeake Bay and its many tributaries form a direct link between the Marj'^land ports and others throughout the world. Maps and infomiation on navigation projects in the basin are available in a recent report of the Corps of Engineers (19^2). Generally speald.ng, na\'lgation in Chesapeake Bay waters is considerei neither a consumptive nor a withdrawal use of water; it is significant, howo-^'er, in its effects, both real and potential, on the quality of vjater available for other purposes. Fishing - Altho-" '; the fishery resources depend upon hugh quantities of water in the streams and, estuaries, the use of water by fish and fishenrjen is non- consumptive. Like navigation, fishing is important in a water resources survey mainly because of its water-quality aspects. Unlike navigation, however, fishing is of con- cern primarily because of its needs for water of reasonably good quality, rather than for its affects on water quality, Chesapeake Bay and its Western Shore tidal arms support a commercial and sport fishery of great significance in the economy of the area. The Bay is well known for its oysters and other seafoodso Recently, the dredging of soft-shell clams has become an important new industry. The Western Shore basin supports a fresh-water fishery as well as the salt- water variety. The division between the two types is not always distinct but regula- tions issued by the Department of Game and Inland Fish mark the legal point of division on each stream extending inland from the tidewater area on vjhich fresh-water fishing is controlled by licensing. No license is required for tidewater fishing. The points of division, where known, are listed in their hydrologic sequence in Appendix A. k9 Duririf^ extended periods of no flow over Loch Raven and Lioerty Dams, the streainflows in Gunoowder l''a]l.s and in the North Branch Patapsco River are virtually- cut off oelow these i.mpoundments, The.se strea^ns are undouotedly degraded as fish habitats below the dams. However, this degradation has been offset by the creation of the large artificial lakes above the dams :v+iich support thriving fish populations. A successful sport fisher^A has been established for marry years on Loch Raven Reser- voir. The important species of fish in the Chesapeake Ba-' region are described in reports by Hildebrand and Schroeder (1928) and the Fish and li/ildlife Service (19)j5) of the U, S. Department of the Interior, Much of the available information on the fishery resources of the area can be traced through reference to a bibliography prepared by Mansueti (1955) • Recreation - Famed as a recreation area, the Chesapeake Bay, including its Western Shore sea-level tributaries, supports many activities pursued for fun and relaxation. These include, in addition to sport fishing, sailboating, motor- boating, water skiing, bathing, "scuba" diving, and admiring the scenic views from the many miles of shoreline. The tidal waters of the area provide the sites of racing events for sailboats of all classes throughout the wami-weather period of each year. The yacht clubs and marinas dotting the shorelines attract boating enthusiasts from a ;\dde area. Water skiing has become so popular that the State has had to enact laws to restrict this sport at certain times and in given areas. All nonconsumptive users of water, these recreational pursuits find no short- age of water in the bay and its Western Shore tidal tributaries. The concern of water resources management for these puiposes, therefore, must be directed toward quality of water rather than quantity. The use of the fresh waters of the Western Shore drainage area is largely restricted to fishing. There are no large natural lakes in the area, and policy 50 decisions of the public water supply agencies prohibit the use of the reservoir," for recreation other than fishing and ,to a limited degree, boating. However, the shores of these mainnade lakes attract thousands of visitors who enjoy picnicking and sightseeing. In other areas of the country, the great demand for water-oriented recreation has created great pressure for revising the long-standing policy of water works officials (American Water Works Association, 19i?fcS) against more extensive use of water-supply reservoirs. However, in the Western Shore drainage area, such pressure has not developed, probably because of the availability of the vast recrea- tional resources of the bay and its many tributaries. Waste Disposal - General discussion of waste disposal may be found in the General Reference Section - INVENTORY OF SURFACE WATER USES. Appendix B lists waste outfalls and, when known, quantities of wastes discharged. Data on municipal and institutional outfalls is fairly complete except for military installations. Discharge of municipal and institutional wastes totals approximately 18? mgd. The largest concentration of waste is found in the Back River estuary resulting frcsn the discharge of the Baltimore sevrage disposal plant. As already noted, increasing volumes of this effluent have been reused by steel mills. After this reuse, the waste waters are discharged into Baltimore Harbor, Information on industrial waste discharges is incomplete and most inconclusive, especially with regard to a breakdown between discharges of cooling and process water. Appendix B does indicate, however, that a very large percentage of the used water is concentrated in or near Baltimore Harbor, The effluents discharged into the harbor are almost all from industrial plants, A study of water quality in Baltimore Harbor was initiated in 19U7 by the Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources of The Johns Hopkins University. The results of the study, (discussed in more detail under WATER QUALITY) as reported by Garland (19^2), indicated waste loadings as shown in Table 15. 51 Table 13'. nistribution of i^'nowr) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Loading to Baltimore Harbor, 1950 Source 5-day 200 ^ BOD (lbs. per day) 8,200 Population Equivalent- 50,000 Per Cent of Total Antecedent natural and artificial pollution from tributary streams 15 Raw and treated domestic sewaj^e 16,700 100,000 30 Manufacturing wastes and industrial sanitary sewage 31,000 180,000 "^^ TOTAL 55,900 330,000 100 1 Population equivalent is useful to establish a common denominator for certain types of waste discharges. Studies have shown that in the United States the average daily per capita sewage discharge of 5-day 20° c BOD is about 0,1? pounds. Source: Otton et al. Water Resources of the Baltimore Area Maryland. U.S.G.S, Water Supply Paper 1U99-F. 196U. 52 GROUrro WATER USE In terms of volumes, ground water plays a secondary role in the present use of water, far behind, surface water, in both withdrawal and non-wi-thd^awal uses in the Western Shore drainage basin. Available information indicates that only a small part of the total ground water resources are being utilized. McGuinness (I963) reported that the total pumpage for the entire Piedmont area, which covers about three-tenths of the State, was about 18 mgd in i960. Only part of this pumpage is accounted for in the Western Shore drainage basin considered in this reports In the Western Shore portion of the Coastal Plain province of Maryland, McGuinness reported a total i960 pumpage of about 5U mgd. The "Western Shore" area considered by McGuinness includes the portions of Prince George's, Charles, and St, Mary's Counties which are in the Potcmac basin, in addition to the Western Shore drainage area as designated in this report. These data indicate a total pumpage of something less than 72 mgd for the basin, most of which can be assigned to the area near the City of Baltimore, Bennett and Meyer (19^2) studied the ground water of the "Baltimore area," which they defined as ",,, the City of Baltimore, and most of the area from the Susquehanna River south to Laurel, essentially between the Piedmont Plateau and the Chesapeake Bay," Ihis area includes parts of Harford, Baltimore, and Anne Arundel Counties. Concentrating their investigation primarily in the industrial districts in and near Baltimore City, Bennett and Meyer reported a total pumpage in these districts of hi mgd in the first part of 19h2, This was decreased in late 19i;2 to 13 ragd, probably as a result of the inauguration of the practice of using treated effluent from the Back River Sewage Disposal Plant of Baltimore, A later study by Otton, Martin and Durum (I96U) indicated that ground water use in the Baltimore industrial area increased to 3U mgd in 19U5 and then dropped again in the next 53 decade to 2l-i mgd in 1955. The major reason for this 30 per cent decline appears to be the high cost of maintaining and operating wells which tap ground water contaminatec with acid waste or with salty water from the bay. The area of greatest decline (Fairfield, Curtis Bay and the harbor districts) is also that of the greatest salt water contamination. The high cost of replacing wells, the relatively short useful life of pumps, well screens and casings, and the ready availability cf water fram the Baltimore City public supply all have been factors influencing the decline in use of grc:)und water (Otton et al, I96I1). > Subtracting the 21I4 mgd used in the industrial area leaves approximately 13,5 nigd of ground water used elsev.'here in the Baltimore area as defined previously. This includes about 5.5 mgd used in the Piedmont region and 8,0 mgd used in the Coastal Plain of the Baltimore area outside the industrial sector. Table I6 suirariarize, ground water use and availability in the Baltimore area. Table I6, Ground Water Use in the Baltimore Area (1955-1956) Ground Water Use (mgd) Public Rural and domestic Military installations Industrial and. commercial Irrigation TOTAL Total Ground Water Available (mgd) Per cent used Tota] Surface and Ground Water Use (mgd) Per cent ground water Piedmont Coastal Plain Total U.5 0.7 0,3 2.6 3.0 2.I4 2U.0 2.6 7.5 2.k 2h,l 0.3 5o5 32.0 37.5 150.0 3.0 80.0 Uo.o 230.0 16.0 2U8.0I 2.0 32.5^ 98.0 280.5 13.0 1 Approximately 200 of 2U8 mgd used by Baltimore City System. 2 1,500 mgd of saline water used in lS'55-56 not included. Source: Otton, et al Water Resources of the Baltimore Area Maryland, I96U, 5U A recent report by Mack (I962) presents data on the use of ground watf r in Anne Arundel County for the year I96O, He reported a total of 13.7 mgd for that year from wells and springs, including 8,6 mgd for public supply, 1.5 mgd for self-supplied industrial and commercial use, and 3.6 mgd for domestic and farm use. The ground. water use was a large part, about 70 per cent, of the total water use in the County. However, the ground water used was only about 10,5 per cent of that available, I30 mgd as estimated Mack, The Baltimore area studies mentioned previously incH.ude part of Anne Arundel County, For this reason, their data on ground water use includes some pumpage in Anne Arundel County. The use of ground water in Howard and Montgomery Counties was studied by Dingman and Meyer (195U). They reported a total pumpage of U.? mgd in the two counties, with 30 per cent of this being used for public or institutional supplies. Most of the active wells in Montgomery County are outside the area served by the Washington Suburban Sanitary District, which depends primarily on surface supplies. Much of Montgomery County lies outside the Western Shore drainage area and in the Potomac River basin. According to Dingman and Meyer, only about 10 per cent of the total pumpage in the two counties is for industrial or commercial purposes. Most of this is accounted for by a cannery at Gaithersburg, in the Potomac basin. Other commercial water users in the two counties include automobile service stations, shopping centers, roadside restaurants, and the like. Most rural homes and farms have wells, and some concentrated suburban areas are supplied by single wells or groups of wells, Ding- man and Meyer reported very little use of water for irrigation in the early 1950' s, but suggested an appreciable consumption by the large livestock population. The latter use depended only partly upon ground water, with some water being taken from streams and artificial ponds for this purpose. Since the 195^ report cited above, conditions have changed in Howard and Montgomery Counties as a result of the expansion of the two great population centers of Baltimore and Washington, The two counties have steadily grown in population. becomnrig less and less rura] , The use of water has cro-wn acccrdinf3ly, but the increased use has depended more on surface vjater than on ground water. The Eeology ajnd ground water resources of Calvert County, in southern Maryland, were reported by Shattuck (1907) a half-century ago. This early study vras supp].emented a decade ago by Overbeck (19^1) who assembled and analyzed the s.vailable data on ground watero He estimated that the use of ground water in Calvert County at that ti"e was about 2,0 mgd<, Overbeck assigned this water use cbj.efly to domestic and farm purposes as there were no large industries in the county. Between 1950 and i960 the population of Calvert County increased from 12,100 to 1^,026 (Maryland State Planning Department, 1961), a gain of 3,726 or 31 per cent. On the basis of the population increase, the ground water use is estimated to have been about 3,0 mgd in I960, Calvert County is entirely within the Western Shore drainage area considered, in this report. The ground-water resources of Prjnce George's County were the subject of a report by Meyer, 1952), He estimated the ground water pumpage during 19U9 and 19?0 to have been U,0 to 5.0 mgd for tJie entire County, 52 per cent of which is in the Western Shore drainage area. Population data for the County reported by the Mary- land State Planning Department (I96I) show an increase from 19ii,l82 in 1950 to 357,395 in I960, However, most of this gain occurred in the area supplied with surface water by tne Washington Suburban Sanitary District system. Abstracts of the various reports on ground water published by the Geological Survey of the U. S, Department of the Interior and by the Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and. Water Resources are presented in Appendix H, These abstracts are as they appear in the published reports and are reproduced with permission of the two agencies. For more detailed information on ground water use, including data on many individual wells, the original reports should be consulted. Although some of these reports need up-dating in some of the details presented, they represent the most 56 complete summaries of information available on the ground water resources in Maryland, Each of the State publications covers one or more counties. For this reason, they do not lend, themselves easily to the scheme of this report, based primarily on analysis of water supply and demand within the hydrologic units defined by surface drainage and runoff. The latest published data on public vjater systems which use ground water from the Western Shore drainage area are in a report prepared by the Public Health Service (I96U). The data in this report for Maryland, compiled in cooperation with the Maryland Department of Health, represent conditions as of January, 1962, Appendix F contains a list of water users holding permits from the Depart- ment of Geology, Mines and Water Resources to take and use ground water. The law requiring such permits exempts several types of water users. Moreover, the law does not require pennit-holding water users to report the amount of water actually used. Therefore, the list in Appendix F does not give any indication of the total amount of ground water withdrawn. Data are needed to show actual withdrawals for permit holders as well as for those not required to have permitso 57 VlkTJP QUALITY Water-Quality Criteria A gencraJ. discussi en of water-quality criteria may be found in the General Reference' .Section - WATER QUAIITY. Water-Quality Problans - Natural Tf the Chesapeake Bay were a fresh-water lake similar to the Great Lakes, the problem of water supply for wi.thdrawal uses would be greatly simplified along the Western Shore. However, nature designed the bay as a brackish estuary with con- centrations of sea salts varying from that of the ocean at the mouth of the bay in Virginia to undetectable concentrations in the headwaters of the many tidal aims of the bay, and at times of heavy runoff, in the extreme northern end of the bay itself. Gumming (191.6) conducted an extensive survey of water quality in the bay during February and March of 19lU. A summary of his findings on chloride concentra- tions during Februarj'' and March is as follows: Table 17. Chloride Concentrations in the Chesapeake Ray and Tributaries during February and March, 191i4 Chloride Concentration Sample Location ppm Hackett Point, Anne Arundel County 7,300 Baltimore Harbor betxireen Ft, McHenry H' Lazarette Point 5,950 Lit Lie Round Bay 7,2^0 Phoce: River off Cadle Creek 6,U00 Patuxent River 5>350 Sandy Point 7,250 Bad' Piver, mile point 6,5 1,300 Magothy River, mile point 5.0 6,500 Severn River, mile point 6,5 7,000 South River, Edgewater Branch 7,200 West River between Galesville & Cedar Point 6,050 58 The above data on chlorides represent a small part of the samples reported by Gimnninr; (1916), They were selected for this report because they showed the chlorides in various tidal arms of Chesapeake Bay at the farthest inland statj.ons sampled in that study. These data show the presence of sea salts in all of the Western Shore estuaries from Back River to the Patuxent River. Since the investigation by Gumming (I916), many other studies of sa3.inity distribution in the bay and its tributaries have been carried out. For additional data on this aspect of natural water quality, one may consult publications and reports by Cowles (1920, 192U), Wells, et al (1929), Truitt and Algire (1931), Schaefer (1931), Newccmbe, et al (1939), Beaven (19U6), Whaley and Hopkins (19^2), Pritchard (1952), Carpenter (I96O), and Stroup, et al (I96I), According to Dobbin (I96I), the Uo S, Navy is studying sea-water cb.aracteristics in the bay. Many of the more recent publications of the Chesapeake Bay Institute emphasize the significance of Susquehanna River runoff to the salinity gradient. Runoff from tributaries to the bay (other than the Susquehanna which contributes an estimated Q6% of the fresh water entering the b^ above the Potomac River) does not influence the gradient to any great extent. Although these tidal waters serve most of the instream uses, their brackish nature limits their usefulness for most withdrawal purposes. Their only extensive out-of-stream use is for cooling, primarily for condensing steam in several steam- electric generating plants (Federal Power Commission, 1962), Even one instream water use, fish production, has been detrimentally affected by salinity, according to Truitt and Algire (1931) and Schaefer (1931). During the very dry summer of 1930, fresh water inflow into the bay and its tributaries was so low that sea water intruded abnormally far into the tributaries. In the Magothy and Severn River, sea-water concentrations in the upper reaches, where the water was normally fresh or only slightly brackish, exceeded the tolerance levels of the resident fish species. This natural phenomenon resulted in the death of large numbers of fish. 59 ilnothcr problem rclateri to natu'^n] s.xli nity, discussed elsewhere in this report, is the T)ermanent loss from fresh-water resourres of sewage and industrial wastes discharged into the brackish tidal waters. The presence of saline water in the estuaries of the Western Shore dj*ainage area places a constraint upon the withdrawal of ground water from the aquifers near the shoreline because of the danger of sea-water intrusion. Such intrusion would accomnany heavy pumping and. lov;erdng of fresh-water levels in those aquifers hydraul- ically connected with the estuaries. This possibility has become a reality in the Baltimore Harbor area. Sea water, intruding up the bay and into the tidal tributaries each summer, brings with it an unwelcome visitor, the sea nettle. These pests, with their stinging baxbs, literally drive bathers and vjater skiers from the water, thus severely damaging a valuable recreational use of the tidal waters. Another aquatic pest, this one a weed of fairly recent introduction into the area, has gained a strong foothold in the bay and its tributaries. In some shallovT parts of the estuary, this plant, Eurasian watermilfoil, grows so thickly that it blocks the passage of small boats. Some observations on the distribution of milfoil in Chesapeake Bay and methods of con i rolling it have been published else- where by Steenis et al (1962), Another water-quality problem, apparently resulting from natural causes, is that of very lov? concenti-ations of DO (dissolved oxygen) in the deeper waters of the bay and its tributaries. Data collected by Newcombe et al (1939), the Chesapeake Bay Institute (19ii9), Garland (19!?2) and Carpenter and Cargo (1957) indicate that during each summer, oxygen concentrations are generally quite low in the bottom layers of water throughout the entire northern half of the bay. Although this condition may be aggravated by man-made wastes discharged into the bay or into its tributaries. 60 it is generally attributed primarily to naturaJ. causes, one of which is stratification of the bay water during the summer period (Olson, I9UI). An article in a ].9$8 issue of the "Maryland Tidewater News" (Anonymous, 1958) describes this annual stratification in Chesapeake Bay with resultant depletion of dissolved oxy[i;en at depths of liO feet or more, limiting depths at which oysters can grow and in which crabs can remain during the summer season. The relatively low concentrations of one impurity, fluoride, in the waters of the Western Shore drainage area are a water-quality "problem" in that these con- centrations axe lower than believed desirable in potable water for the prevention of dental caries vPublic Health Service, I962). The largest public water works in the area, that of Baltjjnore, corrects this deficiency by adding fluorides to the water taken from Gunpowder Falls and the Patapsco River, Hydro-fluosilicic acid is added to the water in sufficient quantities to bring the fluoride concentration up to 1,0 ppm (Baltimore Bureau of Water Supply, 19$8). The Washington Suburban Sanitary District's water treatment plants also add a fluoride compound, sodium silicofluoride, to bring the fluoride concentration of the Patuxent River water up to 1,0 ppm (Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission, I96O), Many communities in the Western Shore drainage area add a fluoride compound to their potable supplies also. Naturally caused ground water quality problems are generally not as serious as those of surface waters. According to McGuinness (I963), the ground water of the Piedmont is generally of good quality except that some of it is slightly corrosive, high in iron, or locally in areas of limestone or marble, excessively hard. In the Coastal Plain province, one of the most troublesome natural impurities found in ground water is iron, Bennett and Meyer (1952) report iron concentrations as high as 8 ppm in samples from wells ending in the pre-Cambrian crystalline rocks underlying the Coastal Plain sediments in the Baltimore industrial area. They found even higher concentrations in wells ending in the Patuxent and Patapsco Formation. In 22 samples 61 from Patuxent wells, iron ranged from 0,01 to 2ti ppm, with an averaj^e of S»0 ppm. In 11 samples from wells of the Patapsco Formation, iron concentrations ranged up to iJj ppm, with an average of 3.& ppn. In three samples from wells takinp- water from the Pleistocene deposits, Bennett and Meyer found iron concentrations of from 0.03 to ih ppm. The highest va]ue for each formation is excessively high for many uses, especially for nub.lic water supplies. In its latest edition of "Drinking Water Standards," the Puolic Health Service (1962) recomnends a maximum iron concentration of 0.3 mg/l (milligrams per liter, equivalent for all practical purposes to parts per million) for public water supplies. Many "sers of the ground waters of the Western Shore drainage area find it necessary to provide treatment for iron removal, A large number of individual household water systems include treatment units for tJiis purpose. The supplying and servicing of such units is a thriving industry in the area, Water-Quality Problems - Man-made A general statement on this subject is found in the General Reference Section - WATER QUALITY. In the follomng narrative, specific water-quality problems resulting from unnatural causes are discussed for the various sub-basin areas of the Western Shore drainage basin, Chesapeake Bay, Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries Sub-basin (above Bush River) - Between the mouths of the Susquehanna and Bush Rivers, the Chesapeake Bay receives the drainage from a small a'^ea of Harford County. The area comprises roughly half of Election District Two, The population of the entire district was 23, 23^^ in i960. This included the population of Havre de Grace, which was 8,5lO. The latter town has tent-'atlve plans to construct a sewage treatment plant from which the ef^'Luent will ne discharged into the bay a short distanc" south of the mouth of the Susquehanna River, The largest community in the area is Aberdeen, which had a i960 population of 9,679, This tovm and the near-by Army Aberdeen Proving Grounds are the two principal sources of waste waters in this sub-basin. No water-quality problems are knovm for this area, 62 I Bush River Sub-basin - The drain=?.gc area of the Bush Fdver is entirely within Harford County. The Maryland Water Pollution Control Commission (1955) reported that no improvements were needed in industrial waste treatment facilities in 1955, indicating no significant vjater-quality problems related to industrial wastes at that time. Bel Air, with a I96O population of U,300, is the largest town and the only incorporated community in the Bush Rjver sub-basin. Edgewood, an unincorporated place, had a population of 1,670 in I96O, These two communities, along with the Edgewood Arsenal, are the major sources of wastes having sanitary significance in the sub-basin area. Gunpowder Neck and Pooles Island - Betvieen the Bush and Gunpowder Rivers, a short stretch of land on Gunpowder Neck in Harford County drains directly into the bay. In the center of the bay opposite Gunpowder Neck lies Pooles Island, also in Harford County. According to Gumming (I916), this island marks the uppermost part of the bay in which salinity is high enough to support productive oyster beds. Gumming noted that Pooles Island is only four miles from the upper mouth of Back River, seemingly suggesting that the oysters were subject to possible contamination by sewage from Baltimore Back River sewage disposal works. However, in discussing Back River contamination, he appeared to feel that the bay was affected by this dis- posal plant only in the "... immediate vicinity of the entrances to Back River." Gunpowder River Sub-basin - As a source of water for the public supply of Baltimore, Gunpowder Falls, the major tributary of the Gunpowder River, is a subject of great importance and interest from the standpoint of water quality. Gunpowder Falls rises in York County, Pennsylvania, which contributes runoff from 11.1 square miles to this stream. No attempt has been made during this investiga- tion to identify water-quality problems originating outside the State of Maryland. 63 Many of the water-quality problems existing or anticipated in the Gunpowder River sub-basin can be attributed to a phenonienal grovrth of population in the drain- age area to the north and east of Baltimore City in Baltimore County. Although the city's population cJropped slij^'htly during the decade ending with 1%0, Baltimore County increased in population fran 270,273 in 19^0 to J492,U26 in I96O (Maryland State Planning Departnent, I96I). Kaltenbach (1955) has described some of the pro- blems, including those related to waste-water disposal, resulting from the rapid, growth of this County, One of these problems results from the development of resid- ential subdivisions in the drainage area above Loch Raven Dam. To protect the quality of water in the reservoir, the Department of Public l/torks of Baltimore County must provide sewerage to collect and treat the waste waters froin these developments or convey them by means of pumping to the sewage system of the City of Baltimore, Kalten- bach noted that development vras also taking place in areas beyond the reach of public sewers. Until recently, many such developments depended upon septic tanks for waste-water disposal. In some areas of rock or clay subgrades, the use of septic tcinks has resulted in effluent overflowing to the ground surface, causing nuisance conditions and health hazards. The Department of Public Works has adopted the policy that it is better to construct public sewers and a small treatment plant for isolated housing developments than to permit septic tank construction. The problem of household waste disposal in the Gunpowder River sub-basin has been discussed by Wolff and Whiteford (19$8), who also noted the rapidly expand- ing population of Baltimore County, They observed that the reservoir watersheds in particular offer highly desirable locations for residential development. Much of this development has already taken place in the area draining into Loch Raven Reservoir, and they predicted similar development upstream on the Gunpowder Falls watershed above Prettyboy Dam. They stated that as a result of the high costs and 6U general dissatisfaction with septic tanks, mdespread interest in sewers has been demonstrated by both property owners and developers in the area. Wolff and i/Jhite- ford obserA'^ed that if sewerage systems are constructed in these watershed areas, the method of handling the effluent vri.ll become difficult as well as costly, part J y because of the lack of flow for dilution purposes during minimum discharge periods downstream of the dams. This situation is attributable to the diversion by Balti- more of the dry-period runoff from the drainage area above Loch Raven Dam. No ccmipensating flows are provided by the City for maintenance of minimum stream flows below the Gunpowder dams. Such compensating flows have been required elsewhere, for example, in the Patapsco River below Liberty Dam, and in the Delaware River below New York City's diversion projects. Since its creation in 19ii7, the State's Water Pollution Control Commission has exerted its control efforts to prevent or correct industrial pollution problems in Gunpowder Falls, Little Gunpowder Falls, and their many tributaries. In a 1958 report issued by the Commission, Silbermann (1958) listed all known sources of industrial wastes in the area. The report describes waste treatment practices at each plant and notes occasional occurrences of pollution in the past. Generally, conditions were described as satisfactory in 1958, The report concluded that "... industrial water pollution problems of consequence do not now exist in the Gun- powder Falls drainage area," It also stated the Commission's belief that '•,., con- tinued enforcement of an established policy and program of control which combines the determination to abate water pollution with reasonable standards to achieve such abatement, will make the possibility of additional pollution from new industrial locations most unlikely," In 1962, the Water Pollution Control Commission issued a brief supplement (Silbermann, I962) to the 1958 report. The supplement describes several instances of occasional pollution, one of which caused a fish kill in Merryman Branch which 65 drains into :?altiir.ore'3 drinki nc -.-/ater supply ^n Loch Raven Reservoir. According to the r?oort, evidence indicated that the fish :T;ortality had resulted fro.T! drainage of a toxic herl icide into the stream ^rom a nearby truck farm. The supplemental report also noted, that the vrastes frotr, an automatic car-v/ashing establishment were being sampled and analyzed periodical!;'- as part of an extensive study of detergents and their effects on x^rater quality. The wastes drain into Long Quarter Branch at stream r:ile 3.7 only l.U miles upstream of the head of the reach flooded by Loch Raven Reservoir. Although the protection of the water supply of Baltimore remains an ever present problem of water-quality control in the Gunpowder River sub-basin, recent interest has developed in water-quality control downstream of Baltimore's intake. The primary reason for this interest is the need to provide and maintain water quality adequate for the protection of recreation and esthetic values of a proposed Gunnowder River Valley Park system, as described in a report issued by the Maryland State Planning Commission (1958). This system would include State parks in the Gunpowder Falls and Little Gun^iow-der Falls Valleys. Recognizing the possibility that residential developments in and near the park sites might preclude their development as recreational parks, the Maryland General Assembly (1962) passed a resolution early in 1962 requesting the State Planning Department to study the potential effect of housing developments on the planned parks. The Planning Department engaged consultants and the study was completed in late 1962. In the report of the study, prepared by Black and Veatch, Consulting Engineers (1962), the problems of waste-water collection and disposal for areas near the park sites were considered. Specific topics discussed in the report include future population, present water quality in the two streams, existing waste- water disposal practices, desirable water-quality objectives, methods of waste-water collection and treatment, and cost of works deemed necessary to protect water quality in the park areas. 66 The Black and Veatch report states that if the upland areas near the park sites are permitted to be developed with individual household septic tank systems, the results will not be satisfactory for either the residents or the park system. The consultants recommended instead long-range as well as interim plans for collec- tion, treatment and disposal of the sewage in central or community works. The long-range plan calls for interceptor sewers along Gunpowder Falls and Little Gunpowder Falls, with a sewage treatment plant located below the con- fluence of the two streams. The outfall sewer from the treatment plant would ex- tend downstream and discharge into the Gunpowder River estuary below Piney Point. An interim plan recommended by Black and Veatch calls for a series of small community sewage treatment plants of conventional design (primary and secon- dary treatment), followed by tertiary treatment to "polish" the effluent. Terti- ary treatment would aim for a high-quality effluent suitable for discharge into the nearest stream during periods of minimum dilution. This scheme would be designed to protect the water quality of the streams for use in boating, fishing, and esthetic enjoyment. Swimming in the streams was not recommended, partly be- cause of inadequate flow and partly because of water-quality consideration un- related to sewage. The "tertiary-treatment" scheme would be a temporary measure to serve during the period before the interceptor plan becomes economically feasible through growth of the population to be served. The report by Black and Veatch considered only the areas near the pro- posed State parks in the lower portions of the Gunpowder and Little Gunpowder drainage areas. It was emphasized that problems of waste-water disposal are not limited to these downstream areas. The report anticipated waste-water disposal difficulties and water-use conflicts farther upstream along both waterways. The Baltimore Regional Planning Council (1959) has devised a scheme for relieving the lower reach of Gunpowder Falls of some of its potential sewage 67 load. Waste waters from the area south and west of Loch Raven Reservoir in the Gunpowder Falls sub-basin are now collected and pumped to the sewerage system of the City of Baltimore. It is planned that these wastes will eventually oe con- veyed by gravity to a pumping station about four miles downstream of Loch Raven Dam, where they will be pumped into the Whitemarsh-Steanmers Run System for de- livery to Baltimore's iSack River Sewage Disposal Plant. The report of Black and Veatch (1962) points out that much of the sewer construction called for in the Planning Council's plan would not be undertaken until 1970 or later, and there- fore, it would still be possible to integrate this plan with the interceptor plan developed by Black and Veatch. At present (196h), there are no known water-quality problems in the Gun- powder River estuary. The Charles P. Crane steam-electric generating station, with a capacity of 382 megawatts, discharges U78 mgd of heated condenser cooling water in- to Saltpeter Creek. This creek flows into the Gunpowder River at a point 2,5 miles above its mouth. The water used in this once-through system is taken from Seneca Creek, a small tidal stream south of the Gunpowder River. There are no reports of detrimental effects resulting from this discharge of waste heat, either in Saltpeter Creek or in the Gunpowder River. Data on water quality in the estuary are available from the Chesapeake Bay Institute of The Johns Hopkins University, which maintains more or less continuous surveillance of the physical and chemical characteristics of the Bay and its tidal tributaries. Middle River - The Middle River estuary and its drainage area are entirely within Baltimore County. The drainage area lies east of Baltimore City in the County's Election District Number l5. This district is thickly populated, hav- ing grown from a 1950 population of 6U,178 to 9U,283 in I960. The Middle River estuary is the site of several marinas and yacht clubs. The estuary and its tribu- taries, Darkhead Creek, Cow Pen Creek, and Frog Mortar Creek receive waste waters 68 from industrial sewers of the Martin Company. The most recent report of the Maryland Water Pollution Control Commission (195$) for this area is almost 10 years old, so the conditions described in that document are probably not representative of I96U conditions. According to the report, improvements were needed in waste treatment practices at the Martin Company in 1955, to protect the extensive use of the estuary for fishing, boating, and swimmin^. Back River - Back River is a tidal arm of Chesapeake Bay in Baltimore County east of the City of Baltimore. Its 62 square mile drainage area includes, in addition to a small portion of the County, the northeastern comer of Baltimore City. Herring Run, the largest fresh-water tributary, rises in the Towson area north of the city, flows across the northern boundary of the city, and then across the eastern boundary back into the County, The portion of the Back River drainage area within Baltimore City is sewered, as is the portion in Baltimore County to the north of the city. Also sewered are the important areas of Essex and Middle River to the northeast of Back Jliver, odgeroere to the southwest, and parts of Rosedale, Colgate and FuUerton to the northwest. Out of a total drainage-area population of approximately 298,000, more than 280,000 are serviced by public sewers (105,700 in Baltimore County and 175, UOO in Baltimore City). Baltimore City's major sewage treatment plant is located 7.0 miles up- stream from the mouth of Back River and serves an estimated 1.7 million persons plus several hundred commercial and industrial establishments. Until 19^2, the Back River estuary received the entire effluent from the treatment plant. Al- though the wastes were treated to a relatively high degree in the well-operated plant, the residual waste load, which increased from year to year as Baltimore grew, had a polluting effect on the tidal river. This river, with its small drainage area and small tidal range, receives relatively little flushing action. Consequently, 69 there have been numerous complaints from year-round residents and summer-cottage dwellers near the estuary. The City of Baltimore has been the defendant in numer- ous court actions brought about by these residents. According to Gumming (191''), the Back River sewage disposal plant with discharge of the effluent into Back River waj part of a general plan to relieve the Papapsco River and Baltimore Harbor of part of its pollution load by dis- charging the effluent elsewhere. Ironically, recent investigations by the DepartJTient of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources ( Garland, 1952) and the Chesapeake Bay Institute (Stroup et al, 1961), both divisions of The Johns Hopkins University, have indicated, that Baltimore Harbor has a far greater capacity to assimilate wastes tiian Back River, Fortunately, since 19^4? the City of Baltimore has sold increasing quantities of the effluent from the Back River treatment plant to the Bethlehem Steel Company for industrial use at its Sparrows Point mills. This effluent re- use increased from an average of 2U mgd in 19U3 to 113 nigd in 1963. Some years ago, an employee of the Research Department of the steel company predicted that at the present rate of expansion, Sparrows Point would be using 1^0 mgd of efflu- ent before 1965 ( Shingled ecker, 1957). This practice has provided a much-needed water supply to the steel mills and has produced a substantial amount of revenue to the city. As Keefer (1956) has observed, a further advantage has been a great reduction of the organic load discharged into Back River. Programned improvements in the Back River sewage treatment plant over the past several years have resulted in improved effluent quality. The plant is operating within its capacity of 170 million gallons per day. Planned future development of the treatment facilities will handle the expected increased load from Baltimore County (Public Health Service, 19614.), Because of its proximity to the Baltimore Metropolitan Area as well as the access it provides to the Chesapeake Bay, Back River attracts a large number 70 of recreationists, particularly boating ent usiasts. At the same time. Back River, as previously indicated, is used for waste assimilation and transport which has somewhat limited its recreational value. Conflicts in use of the water (and the surrounding land area for residences) have increased in recent years to the point that Congressman Clarence Long (Baltimore County) in October, 19^3, requested the Public Health Service to conduct a special study of pollution problems in Back River. The Public Health Service published its findings in January, 196U, which were, for the most part, a summary of previous water-quality investigations by cooperating State and local agencies. The report indicated that a major factor contributing to pollution prob- lems in the river was the lack of public sewerage and the feiilure of numerous individucil septic tank systems. Although apparently designed for weekend and summer use, nearly 5,000 private residences bordeidng the river are inhabited year-round. Septic systems are being used by these residences in an area where the soil is generally unsuitable for absorption, resulting in sewage being dis- charged to the river by way of ditches, gullies and storm drains. Although the need for public sewerage is recognized, difficulty arises in financing a project where such facilities must be self-supporting (as required in Baltimore County) and the area to be sewered has a low population density. The low density of the project area would necessitate a high and perhaps prohibitive cost per household for sewering at this time and under the present financing arrangements. Investigations of the Water Pollution Control Commission (now the Depart- ment of Water Resources) reported in the Public Health Service publication indicate that industrial waste discharges do not create a major pollution problem in Back River. No serious adverse conditions caused by industrial waste water have been de- tected in the past few years although there have been several complaints made in reference to discharges of oil, 71 The Public Health Service report does not attempt to evaluate tae effluent discharged from the Back River sewage treatment plant. Data in the report does sug- gest, however, that even with very efficient treatment inclading chlorination, the residual waste loading into the stream (UO rogd) could be a major pollution factor. Coliform bacteria counts taken at the point of effluent discharge during the period May, 1962 through September, I963 were as high as 110,000 (MPN/IOO ml). Because of the lack of information concerning water movement within the estuary, the Public Health Service in its report was not in a position to implicate either this source of pollution or any of the others as the major contributor to poor water quality. During the sunsDer of 1965, the Public Health Service will undertake tidal-movement and water-quality studies in the Back River sub-basin. Patapsco River Sub-basin - Since 1953, Baltimore has used the North Branch Patapsco River as a source of water supply with the result that more attention has been focused on pollution problems above the intake at Liberty Reservoir. At the same time, the problem of controlling water quality in the Patapsco River downstream of Liberty Dam has been aggravated by the reduction of waste-diluting streamflows during peiaods of dry weather. Concern over water quality in the lower Patapsco Valley preceded the con- struction of Liberty Dam. In a report prepared by a technical committee of the Patapsco River Valley Commission (19U6), it was stated that the heavily polluted character of the river was one of the most serious deterrents to the comprehensive use of the lower Patapsco Valley for recreation. According to the committee, this was particularly true of the section downstream of Relay, However, the committee pointed, out that projects then being planned (in 19U6) would eliminate practically all of the pollution. The technical committee reported that elimination of pollu- tion from municipal and industrial sources would not make the river safe for swim- ndjjg because storm runoff from thickly populated areas would cause periodic pol- lution to a certain degree. According to the committee, such pollution 72 could not be eliminated. It was also stated that heavy turbidity from natural causes oeyond public control made the river esthetically undesirable for oathing. As an alternative to swimming in the river, tfie committee suggested that swimming be restricted to regular swimming pools equipped with chlorination and re- circulation systems. The Maryland V/ater Pollution 'Control Commission (1955) described, most of the sources of industrial wastes in the Patapsco River sub-basin. Several of these sources, according to the Commission's report, were in need of improve- ments to avoid nuisance conditions and stream pollution, especially in the reach flowing through the Patapsco State Park. In a later report, the Maryland Water Pollution Commission (1957) pre- sented data on stream water quality collected from stations along a 32-mile stretch of the Patapsco River below Gaither Road Bridge. Baltimore Harbor - In 19U7, the Maryland Department of Research and Education requested the Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources of The Johns Hopkins University to carry out a comprehensive investigation of water quality in Baltimore Harbor. Beginning in 19U7, an extensive program of collecting and analyzing water samples was carried out until 19>0. Other climatological, hydrological, bacteriological, biological, economic, and engineering data were also obtained from 19l47 until 1951* During this period, several interim reports by Pohmer (19U8), Garland (19U9, 1950), Hull (1950), and Weiss (1950) recorded various findings of the study, (See also an Anonymous (1950) report which appeared in "The Vector" a magazine issued by the School of Engineering Sciences of The Johns Hopkins University.) The final report of the Baltimore Harbor study by Garland (1952) in- dicated that industries dischcirged several tons of acid materials daily into the harbor. He found that the quality of water in Curtis Bay, Colgate Creek, and the 73 mouth of Bear Creek failed to meet specifications desirable for some industrial use and even for navigation. Degraded conditions in limited peripheral sections of the harbor were attributed to waste loads which exceeded local assimilative capacity. The relatively low waste-assimilative capacities of these peripheral areas were a result of the general lack of water exchange oetween these areas and the main sections of the harbor. Garland concluded that the Patapsco River estuary had the capacity to assimilate greater loads of acid wastes and organic matter than were then being discharged. He suggested that the existing undesirable conditions in localized tributary sections of the estuary could be improved by transferring waste loads from these sections to the principal fairway, where the assimilative ca- pacity was greater, or by abating local waste discharges. Although Garland noted that degradation of water quality in the fair- ways of the harbor was less extensive than in the peripheral areas, he found by comparing his data with data collected in 1906, as reported by the Baltimore Sewerage Gommission (1906), that the long-term trend of water quality in the fairways was downward. Garland (19^2) also presented data indicating a total sediment load of more than 750,000 cubic yards per year being discharged into the harbor from its tributaries. He observed that the suspended solids in municipal and industrial wastes being discharged into the harbor would represent only a small increment of the total cost for sediment removal to maintain channel depths. Although oil is organic matter in the chemical sense, some of its pol- lutional effects are unlike the usual effects of an organic pollutant. Garland reported that oil pollution was a constant source of difficulty in the harbor, producing unpleasant grease balls and slicks, and creating fire hazards by accummulating on water-front timber structures. (Oil pollution was still evident in the harbor as recently as 196l. A small research vessel belonging to the 7U Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources of The Johns Hopkins University, berthed at a marina in the Middle Branch during the winter of I96O- 1961, had to be cleaned frequently to remove heavy accumulations of oil and grease from the hull.) According to Garland (19^2), water uses which were being detriaen tally affected by acid pollution included navigation and industrial cooling. The concern was primarily the result of excessive corrosion in vessels and shore facilities in Curtis Bay, and in other fixed installations adjacent to other peripheral areas of the harbor. Recreational and esthetic values of the harbor were also lowered by- unpleasant physical conditions resulting from oil slicks, floating trash, and dis- coloration of the water caused by waste iron sulfate and silt. Garland noted that fishing and crabbing in the harbor, formerly a popular pastime among local residents, had virtually come to a stop. He suggested that this resulted frcHn waste discharges. Garland did not attempt to place a monetary value on the damages caused by pollution of the peripheral waters of the harbor. However, he pointed out that several industrial plants using acid water from the harbor would have to neutralize these waters. He observed that the cost of such treatment and the cost of re- placing corroded cooling systems represented economic damage directly attributable to water pollution. On the other hand. Garland noted that the public and private benefits accruing from use of the harbor for waste disposal had a monetary value of several hundreds of thousands of dollars every year. Garland (1952) found no indication that waste disposal as then practiced in the estuary had any significant effect on water quality in Chesapeake Bay, Since the investigation reported by Garland, other studies of pollution and waste assimilative capacity of the Patapsco River Estuary have been carried out. Of particular note are the following: Boyd and Watson (1955) - discharge of ceramic- material wastes; Hydrotechnic Corporation (1959, I960) -disposal of waste pickle liquor J Warner (I96O) -disposal of titanium oxide wastes, 75 Carpenter (1960a, 1960b) and Stroup, et al (I96I) have described intensive studies of Baltimore Harbor by the Chesapeake Bay Institute, Using advanced tech- niques of sampling and analysis, these investigators showed that the flushing rate of the harbor is much greater than had previously been thought. They found that about 10 per cent of the harbor water is renewed daily by exchange of water with Chesapeake Bay, An unusual three-layer esi,uarine circulation pattern was dis- covered in which the surface and bottom water layers move into the harbor from the Bay while a compensating movement of the middle layer is in the opposite direction, Magothy River Sub-basin - Situated entirely within Election District Three of Anne Arundel County, the Magothy River sub-basin is a r^idly developing residential area, part of the Baltimore metropolitan district. Still serai-rural in Dature, this sub-basojD of the Western Shore drainage system has no incorporated towns. The I960 population of Election District Three was 58, 992, almost eight times the 1930 population and more than double the 1950 number. The Magothy River is a broad estuary used primarily for recreation, in- cluding bathing, water skiing, fishing, and boating. The Gibson Island Yacht Squadron near the mouldi of the river is an important focal point for sailboat en- thusiasts. Another yachting base, that of the Potapskut Sailing Association, is located on Black Hole Creek, a tributary of the Magothy. Forked Creek, another tributary, is the home port of the Belvedere Yacht Club. In addition to these yacht- ing centers, several marinas, yacht-repair facilities, boat-rental agencies, and boat-launching ramps are listed by Matthews (I963). There are no major waste discharges into the Magothy River, Gumming (1916) considered the possibility that sewage-polluted water from Baltimore Harbor was deflected into the Magothy by the shoreline extending eastward to Sandy Point just below the mouth of the Magothy. He concluded that there was some possibility for movement of water from the dredged Baltimore ship channel opposite the river 76 mouth toward the mouth, but the opportunity for dilution of Baltimore Harbor water with Bay water before any of the former could enter the river was very great. Gum- ming obseinred that B.coli concentrations inside the river were a little higher than outside the river, but showed no dangerous pollution. He indicaLed that Baltimore Harbor water "... does somewhat effect the chemical contents in the bight above Sandy Point, off the entrance to Magothy ...." This does not agree with the more recent statement by Garland (1952) that "there is no indication that waste disposal as normally practiced in the area (Baltimore Harbor) has any significant effect on water quality in Chesapeake Bay outside Baltimore Harbor." The physical and chemical hydrography of the Magothy River estuary has been studied recently by the Chesapeake Bay Institute, as reported by Pritchard and Bunce (1959). They found that salinity differences between the water in the Magothy and that of the bay was an effective factor in flushing the Magothy, Baaed on normal tidal movements, they found that 50 per cent of the water in the Magothy would be replaced by bay water in from 22 to 32 days. However, salinity distribution in the river indicated that 50-per cent replacement was accomplished in 6 to 8 days. These data on flushing characteristics of the Magothy serve in assessing the ca- pacity of the estuary to receive and assimilate wastes. The rapidly growing population of the Magothy sub-basin is served largely by private wells and septic tanks. With the trend toward urbanization, these individual water-supply and sewage-disposal systems have created nuisances and health hazards. As a result, the Anne Arundel County Sanitary Commission has been forced to consider public sewerage for the area. In a report prepared for the Sanitary Commission, the consulting engineering firm of Ruramel, Klepper and Kahl (1962) presented plans for collection and treatment of sanitary sewage from a larger area in the northern part of the county which includes all of the' Magothy sub-basin. The plans csill for two ultimate sewerage systems, one north and the 77 other south of the Magothy River, The north system, called the Mountain Road System, would serve an area of 3U square miles and would be designed for a pooulation of 70,000. The south system, designated the Broad Neck System, would serve an area of 65 square miles and would be designed for a population of 115,300. The design popu- lations are those estimated for the year 2000. The Mountain Road System would collect the sewage from the area between the Patapsco and Magothy Rivers, convey it by gravity and pumping to a sewage treatment plant on the shore of Chesapeake Bay south of the Patapsco near Pinehurst, and dis- charge the effluent offshore into the Bay. The Broad Neck System would collect the waste waters from the upper Severn River watershed and from the Broad Neck peninsula between the Magothy and Severn Rivers for treatment and disposal into Chesapeake Bay just northeast of Sandy Point. The per capita sewage flows used by the consultants for design of the Mountain Road and Broad Neck Systems were 100 gallons per day. With an assumad trib- utary population of 70,000 and an allowance for infiltration of 25 gallons per capita daily, the Mountain Road System would be sized for a sewage flow of 8.8 mgd. The Broad Neck System, with a design population of 115,000 and the same infiltration factor, would call for a treatment plant to handle flow of lU.U mgd. Rummel et al (1962) pointed out that long before the population of the area justified the ultimate sewage systems discharging into the Bay, there will be sewage disposal problems requiring prompt answers. Local problems already exist in the Sevema Park, Pasadena and Elvaton areas vrtiere the Maryland State Department of Health has found it necessary to restrict the number and location of new resi- dential developments. To solve the immediate problems, the consultants to the Anne Arundel County Commission recommended a two-phase interim scheme for sewage dispossil. The first phase, recommended for construction in the immediate future, would include a high-level interceptor along Ritchie Highway, a pumping station at Cypress Creek, an "interim treatment plant" in the Jones Station area on Broad Neck 78 and an outfall from the treatment plant discharging into the middle of Round Bay in the Severn River. Also recommended for early construction is an interceptor follow- ing the South Branch of Cattail Creek, a tributary of the Magothy River; a pumping station at Cattail Creek; and a force main to the Ritchie Highway interceptor. The first phase, designed to serve a population of 12,000, would be completed by 1965. The second phase of the interim scheme would extend the phase-one systan into the Upper Magothy District and serve Pasadena and Elvaton. Phase two would include an Elvaton interceptor; a pumping station at Pasadena and a force main; and an interceptor along the north branch of Cattail Creek, The phase-two additions, scheduled for construction between 1965 and 1975, will increase the population served by the interim system to an estimated total of 25,000, Although most of the area to be served by the interim system is in the Magothy River drainage area, Ruramel et al recommended that the effluent be dis- charged into the Severn River. The Severn was thought to be better than the Magothy as a receptacle for the treated ef JTuent because of greater drainage area and volume of stream runoff; greater tidal exchange; greater depth; and greater surface area. Comparison of these factors for the two locations studied is shown in Table 18, In analyzing the potential effects of discharging the treated sewage into the Magothy or Severn River, Renn (1962) calculated that the sewered population of 25,000, as assumed by Rummel et al (1962), would result in a raw waste load of i;,250 pounds of BOD per day as measured for five days at 20° Centigrade. Assuming 90 per cent treatment efficiency in the proposed sewage disposal plant, Renn esti- mated the BOD load in the effluent to be I4.25 pounds of 5-day, 20^0 BOD, with a concentration of about 25 ppm (parts per million) in the effluent before mixing with the river water. He calculated that mixing the effluent with two local intertidal volumes of water per day would reduce the concentration in the Magothy near the out- fall site to about 6.7 ppm. Similar calculations for the Severn River showed po- 79 tential BOD concentrations near the Round Bay outfall site of less than 1.0 ppm, Renn pointed out that the water in the outfall area would be constantly changing, and therefore the BOD concentrations would be decreased further by dispersion throughout a larger area. Table 18, Comparison of the Magothy and Severn Rivers as Receiving Stream for Sewage Effluent Factor Magothy River (near Crystal Beach) Drainage area: Total Above site 31 sq, miles 23 sq. miles Runoff:* Mean Lower 5 percentile: l5.U mgd 6,1 mgd Tidal exchange ratio:-5H«^ 0.028 Local tidal prism: 3.7 mg Mean depth at outfall 17.0 feet Severn River (Round Bay) 50,0 sq, miles 39. it sq, miles 26.1; mgd 10.5 mgd 0.068 30.0 mg 23.0 feet ■K- Estimated on basis of streamflow records for North River. ** Based on method of Ketchum (19$1). Renn (1962) suggested that the discharge of sewage effluent into the Magothy River would be more likely to promote the growth of attached water weeds such as water milfoil, Myriophyllum spicatum, than into the Severn River, He reasoned that the Severn is deeper with steeper shores, making the Severn a less favorable river for plant life, Rummel et al (1962) presented Renn's arguments to support their choice of the Severn River as an "interim" receptacle of the sewage from the Magothy River drainage area. In their report, Rummel et al (1962) qualified their findings oy pointing 80 out their theoretical studies were open to question, and that the only reliable method of determining the total assimilative capacity of a tidal water oody is oy a field study of temperatures, densities, currents, and other characterist-ics of the Dody itself. They sugf;ested that the Chesapeake Bay Institute, vri^th its pre- viously assembled data, developed techniques, and specialized knowledge, was the logical choice to make such an investigation. The Chesapeake 3ay Institute has recently reported, the results of a study of the dispersion characteristics of the Magothy River, and also the Severn River and the Chesapeake Bay off Sandy Point, This study was carried out for the Mary- land Department of Health and the Natural Resources Institute of the University of Maryland. As reported by Pritchard and Carpenter (1961;), the study was based pri- marily on the use of a tracer dye released continuously at potential outfall sites in the Magothy, in the middle of Round Bay in the Severn River, and 530 yards north- northeast of Sandy Point Light House in Chesapeake Bay, This study indicated that the discharge of 2.6 millions of gallons daily of sewage effluent from a .--econdary (biological) treatment plant would result in phosphate nutrient concentrations of from 125 per cent to 150 per cent of natural concentrations throughout a signi- ficant portion of the Magothy River. Pritchard and Carpenter stated that the environmental effect of an increase of nutrients in this range cannot De pre- dicted with any confidence. In a comparison of the three sites studied, Pritchard and Carpenter found the Magothy River to have better dispersion characteristics than the Severn, but not nearly as good as the bay near Sandy Point, The dye studies indicated that risks to health of swimmers resulting from a discharge of 2.6 mgd into the Magothy would be less than from the same discharge into Round Bay, These results contradict the preliminary findings of Rummel, Klepper, and Kahl (1962), and con- firm their judj^ement that theoretical studies of estuarine characteristics are un- reliable. 81 West Chesapeake Shore Between Hagothy and Severn Rivers - There are no large centers of population along the western snore of the Chesapeake Bay between the mouths of the Magothy River and the Severn River. The Sandy Point State Park, just north of the western end of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge, includes a bathing beach which requires maintenance of the sanitary and esthetic quality of the Bay waters in its vicinity. The area is an important source of crabs, oysters, and soft-shelled clams. Fin fish are also taken in large numoers by both commercial and sport fisher- men. Many pleasure boats, powered by wind or motor, cruise and race in this portion of the Bay. Ships approaching and leaving Baltimore Harbor hug the western shore of the Bay north of the Bay Bridge. There are no known major sources of pollution on the shore of the Bay in this area. The passing ships legally discharge untreated sewage not far from the bathing beach at Sandy Point and at least equally near some of the shellfishing grounds. Also, in spite of laws and regulations to the contrary, ships have been known to discharge waste oil along with bilge water. Such oil persists as a sur- face film for long periods and on occasion has been washed ashore to foul the beach at Sandy Point. The floating oil has also fouled the hulls of pleasure boats in the area. Oil eventually becomes dispersed or dissolved in the Bay waters or absorbed on suspended particles which sink to the bottom. When these conditions occur, the finfish and shellfish, if not harmed, are sometimes tainted, which lowers theif market value or destroys it altogether. The pleasure craft and commercial fishing boats are also sources of pol- lution. The larger ones are usually equipped with toilets which are flushed into the waters of the Bay, Although the total pollution load from these craft is small, it has significance as a health hazard because these shallow draft vessels can and do pass directly over shellfish beds sind quite near the beach at Sandy Point. The threat to shellfish from pollution is an important consideration in 82 this portion of Chesapeake Bay as well as in seaward portions. At a recent (1^63) meeting of the Chesapeake Bay Section of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Com- mission, Salley (I963) of the U. 3. Public Health Service reviewed the Shellfish Sanitation Program in the Chesapeake Region, which includes the entire Bay and its tidal tributaries. As recorded in the minutes of the meeting: He reported that the major problems of the past year had arisen from the transporting of shellfish from the Gulf states into the Chesapeake Bay area. Members of the PHS (PuDlic Health Service) have met with local health authorities of the Gulf states and received assurances of tighter local control over exports. Mr. Salley reported that the PHS would conduct bacteriological stud- ies on lots of oysters traced from the Gulf through the Chesa- peake area and into the midwest. This will be done with the co- operation of the local health authorities. The Charlotte (Virginia) office of the PHS is completing an eval- uation of shellfish sanitation practices in the Chesapeake area and has found practices, with the exception of bacteriological studies, to be excellent in the region. In view of the major importance of bacteriological studies in any shell-fish sani- tation program, Salley 's exclusion of this item from the practices described as ex- cellent indicates faint praise for the program. It should be emphasized that Sal- ley's remarks were not aimed specifically at the Sandy Point area of the Chesapeake Bay, but generally at the entire shellfish-producing area of the bay. Although ships and boats are the primary sources of sewage pollution which constitutes a potential hazard to water uses in the Sandy Point area at present (1965), land sources will probably overshadow these floating sources at some in- determinate time in the future. For example, Rummel, Klepper, and Kahl (1962) have proposed a sewage treatment plant to be located near Sandy Point and which would discharge treated sewage into the Bay offshore northeast of Sandy Point. These fa- cilities would be part of the so-called Broad Neck System designed to serve an area of 6U.6 square miles in the Magothy and Severn River watersheds and the eastern end of Broad Neck, This area is expected to have a population of about 115,000 by the year 2000, 83 By means of a modern tracer technique, the Chesapeake Bay Institute has studied the dispersion of a contaminant introduced into the Bay at a location approximating the site of the sewage outfall for the Broad Neck System proposed by Rumrael et al (1962), In a report of the dispersion study, Pritchard and Carpenter (196U) pointed out that tidal currents in this area of the Bay are quite strong, exceeding 3 knots on the ebb current and up to 2 knots on the flood. They foxxnd the dispersion characteristics to be very good in the Bay, less critical by an order of magnitude than either the Magothy River or the Severn River, Pritchard and Carpenter concluded that the risks to the recreational use of the Sandy Point shore from a discharge of treated sewage into the adjacent Bay are small compared to the corresponding risks along the shores of the Magothy River and of Rotind Bay in the Severn River from discharges into these water bodies, Severn River Sub-basin - The drainage area of the Severn River, like that of the Magothy River, is entirely within Anne Arundel County, The only incorporated place in the Severn River sub-basin is Annapolis, which grew in population from 10,0i;7 in 1950 to 23,385 in I960, Parts of Election Districts 2, 3, and ht and aU of District 6 are in the sub-basin. These Districts had a i960 combined population of 138,U09, a 70% increase over the 1950 population of 57,263, As was the case in the Magothy River sub-basin, rapid population growth in the Severn drainage area has resulted in problems of waste-water disposal and water-quality control. The interim plan proposed by Rummel, Klepper, and Kahl (1962) for collection of sewage from the area north of the Severn River, mostly within the Magothy River drainage area, treatment of the sewage, and disposal of the effluent in Round Bay on the Severn River has been described briefly in the discussion of the Magothy River sub-basin. As previously explained, Rinmnel et al chose the Severn for interim disposal because it was believed to have a greater waste- 31; assimilative capacity than the Magothy. Pritchard and Carpenter (196ii) have since shown the reverse to be true. Like the Magothy River, the Severn River is heavily used for all forms of water recreation, even more so than the Magothy, The City of Annapolis, near the mouth of the Severn, is the largest center of pleasure boating in the Chesapeake Bay area. The broad mouth of the Severn is the scene of frequent sailboat races. Large yachts travel up the river beyond the upper end of Round Bay, and smaller craft navigate up to the mouth of Severn Run, The larger vessels are equipped with toilet facilities, and thus are transient sources of contamination in the river. No withdrawal uses are affected by such contamination. The degree of hazard to the health of instream water users, such as bathers and water skiers, from yacht sewage is unknown. The safe disposal of sewage from pleasxire boats is a matter of considerable concern among health authorities generally, but, so far, little concrete effort has been made to evaluate or correct the problem. The Maryland State Board of Health (1951) has established bacterial standards for bathing waters. The Board holds that the bacterial quality of water at natural bathing beaches is acceptable when the water shows an average MPN (most probable number) of coliform bacteria not in excess of 1,000 per 100 milliliters in any one month during the bathing season, Rummel et al (1962) presented data on bacterial water quality at four cross sections between the upstream and downstream limits of Round Bay, During the period frcan July 2U through August Hi, 1961, all four sections showed average "most probable numbers" of coliforms exceeding the acceptable standard for bathing waters. This indicates that from a bacteriological standpoint, the waste-assimilative capacity of the Severn River has been exceeded, if the use of the river for immersion sports is considered, 85 The protection of shellfish beds in the Severn River against contamination has been an important consideration for many years. Gumming (1916) investigated the sanitary quality of the river in relation to shellfish in 19lU. At that time, Cuinning found "... extensive and valuable oyster beds in Round Bay, at the head of the Severn River, and along the shoals of the River and Creeks all the way down to and in Chesapeake Bay," In the lower portion of the river, in the vicinity of innapolis/ he found the water polluted by raw sewage and recommended that the taking of shellfish for consumption be prohibited in the area from the railroad bridge above Annapolis -^d a line between Greenbury Point and the mouth of Lake Oglet(HU Tfidt^tsliiM££igh "sanitation remains a problem is evidenced by the I960 AimuaGLRejESof^'^fii^ Division of Food Contrcil^f -the Maryland State Department of Health (1S*60), wh±6h stated that the lower Severn River estuary was closed to^ shellfishii^ because of pollution from Annapolis and fl-om the Severn River Naval Conmand* The ^two principal "sources of raw sewage at the time of ^Cumming's survey wars tft* City /of Annapolis and the United States Naval Academy* These and most of the?oiashi^e?sources hav« long since been corrected, with treatment provided. At present, there are no known outfalls discharging untreated sewage into the Severn River from land sources* However, very large yachts and U* S, Navy vessels are based in or visit the river and Annapolis Harbor regularly* The naval vessel^^s include barrack ships for station personnel at the Navy Academy, and visiting^ ships as large as destroyers. Each of the barracks ships and the larger visiting ships normally have several hundred crew members on board* The sewage from thes6^? vessels is discharged without any treatment into the river waters* The same is - true of the yachts frequenting the river and harbor. Under present (1965) condi-i^" tions, sewage from boats and ships is probably the most serious water-quality y problem in the Severn River and its tidal tributaries, 86 If the plan to collect sewage from the Magothy and Severn River drainage areas, treat it, and dump it into Round Bay, as proposed by Rmnmel et al (1962), is carried out, this will undoubtedly degrade the Severn River as a recreational area. Even if it is assumed that perfect operation of the waste treatment plant will be attained - and this is seldom the case - the treated effluent will add plant nutrients to the river water, thus encouraging the growth of algae. A limited amoimt of such fertilization is harmless, and perhaps even beneficial. However, if heavy growths of algae occur in Roimd Bay, the water will lose some of its esthetic appeal to recreationists and shore residents. Moreover, it cannot be denied that the discharge of sewage into waters used for recreation, no matter how well the sewage is treated or how safe from a health standpoint, has an unfav- orable psychological impact upon would-be recreationists which lowers the value of the water and shorefront property for recreational uses. This lowered value is a cost to society which should be considered in evaluation of the interim plan proposed by Rummel, Klepper, and Kahl (1962), West Chesapeake Shore Between Severn and South Rivers - Between the mouth of the Severn River at Chinks Point and the mouth of the South River at Marshy- Point, a samll area drains into the Chesapeake Bay directly and through several tidal tributaries. These tributaries include Lake Ogleton, Blackwalnut Greek, Oyster Creek, and Fishing Creek. The number of beach resorts reflects the shallow, gently sloping bed of the Bay along this section of the shoreline, making the area ideal for bathing. There is one significant waste discharge along this portion of the western shoreline of Chesapeake Bay, A sewage disposal plant serving the City of Annapolis discharges its treated effluent into the Bay a short distance below Chinks Point, between the communities of Bembe Beach and Elktonia, The variovis communities in the area depend upon septic tanks for sewage disposal and do not discharge wastes into surface waters, 87 Like other areas along the shores of the Bay, this area is exposed to the hazards of contamination from boats and ships. Generally, however, the waters in this part of the Bay are of good sanitary quality. Safeguards against contanination of oysters and clams are needed. South River Sub~basin - The South River, with a drainage area of 66.1 square miles, forms one of the many indentations of the Western shoreline of Chesapeake Bay. Located entirely within Anne Arundel County, the drainage area is shared by Election Districts 1 and 2 having a I960 combined population of 2U«l400, There are no incorporated towns in the South River sub>^aslno There are many sTunmer-resort comnninities along the shores of the South River estuary. The year-round populations of these resorts are low, but swell considerably every siuniDer, Both the year-round residents and summer visitors are served by septic tanks for waste-water disposal. There are no known land sources of wastes discharged into the river directly. The Crownsville State Hospital discharges treated sewage into a small unnamed tributary of Bacon Ridge Branch, which joins the North River to form the head of the South River, According to the Public Health Service (1958), the Crownsville Hospital provides primary and secondary treat- ment of its effluent. The South River estuary is navigable for large yachts and is there- fore subjected to untreated sewage from these craft, some of which are based in iJae river, and many of which visit from other areas. These mobile sources of sewage area threat to bathers and shellfish in the area. West Chesapeake Shore Between South River and Patuxent River - The area draining into the Chesapeake Bay between the South River and the Patuxent 88 River includes the southeastern portion of jUine Arundel County and the eastern part of Calvert County. To the west of this drainage area in both counties lies the Patuxent River sub-basin. The most prominent hydrograj)hic features of the area are the Rhode River, the West River, and Herring Bay. The upstream limit of this sub-basin, Saunders Point at the mouth of the South River, is 137 miles above the mouth of Chesapeake Bay. The southern limit of the area. Drum Point at the mouth of the Patuxent River, is 95.6 miles above the mouth of the Bay. Thus, this area coveres a distance of about Ul miles measured along the north-south axis of the Bay. All of Election iJistrict 7 and parts of Election Districts 1 and 8 in Anne Arundel County are in the area between the South and Patuxent Rivers. Parts of Election Districts 1, 2 and 3 in Calvert County are also in this intervening area. The i960 population of these 6 districts was 30, 292, a 65 per cent increase over 1950. Chesapeake Beach and North Beach, having a combined population of 1,337 in i960, are the only incorporated places in this sub-basin. The shoreline of this portion of the Bay is dotted with bathing beaches and summer camps, both of which greatly increase the population of the area every summer. There is only one known outfall discharging sewage in this sub-basin. The town of North Beach, just south of the northern boundary of Calvert County at Chesapeake Bay mile 12U.0, discharges about 0,2 mgd of municipal sewage into the Bay. According to Loveless (I96O), the summer population ranges up to 5,000, mostly visitors from the Washington area. The problem of sewage treatment arose in the 1930's and oecame acute after 19U5. Numberous complaints regarding poor performance of septic tajiks from residents and local health officials eventually led to direct- ives from the State Board of Health to install sewerage. Because of difficulties in financing the project, it was not constructed until the late pO's. According to 89 Loveless, there were 322 houses and businesdes connected to the system as of June, i960. He estimated that a niaxinium of about U75 houses and 35 businesses were possible, A "package" sewage disposal plant was installed as part of the sewerage system. Waste waters from processing of titanium ore are discharged at two loca- tions along the Calvert County shoreline of the Bay. One of these is at Chesapeake Bay mile 101.2 and the other is at mile 99.9, No detrimental effects attributable to these wastes have been reported, Patuxent River Sub-basin - The Patuxent River system drains an area of 932 square miles. Its drainage area, the largest of the sub-basin areas of the Western Shore basin between the Susquehanna and Potomac Rivers, includes parts of eight counties in central and southern Maryland. Wolman, Geyer, and Beavin (I96I) esti- mated the i960 population of the portion of the sub-basin above Lyons Creek to be 121,000. The population of the Southern Maryland counties within the sub-basin is probably about 25,000. Situated between the growing metropolitan centers of Baltimore and Washington, the Patuxent River sub-basin is being uroanized rapidlyo Much of the area is still relatively sparsely populated, but the rate of growth in the central area of the sub-basin has exceeded all predictions of the past. For example, in a I9U0 report on the Patuxent River drainage area, the Corps of Engineers (I9U0) estimated that the four Maryland counties of Montgomery, Prince George's, Howard and Anne Arundel would have a combined I96O population of 266,000. However, the census of i960 showed an actual population of 9Ul,109 for these four counties, more than three times the number predicted 20 years earlier. The rapid growth is continuing, creating new problems of water quality, including those related to waste-water dis- posal. Since World War II, considerable thought has been given to water-quality 90 problems resulting from man's activities in the Patuxent sub-basin. One such problem is the suspended solids in the upper Patuxent River and its tributaries. According to the Soil Conservation Service (1952), soil erosion on the upper portion of the sub- basin has resulted in stream-carried solid materials which are deposited in the qui- escent waters of Triad elphia Lake, a water supply reservoir of the Washington Sub- uroan Sanitary District. Sediment surveys in 1950 and 1952 of this reservoir in- dicated a sedimentation rate of approximately 2?,800 tons per year. The storage capacity of the Cattail Creek arm of Triad elphia Lake was estimated to have been re- duced by 13 per cent as of June, 1952. In the Patuxent River portion of the res- ervoir, the capacity reduction was found to be 28 per cent. To remove sediments from the bottom of the reservoir near the dam, five 2i;-inch blow-off pipes were installed in Brighton Dam near the stream bottom. These pipes are equipped with valves, which are opened frequently to olow off accumulated silt. In its report, the Soil Conservation Service (1952) recommended a plan of improvement consisting of a coordinated program for waterflow retardation and pre- vention of soil erosion. The plan called for various land treatment measures such as contour strip cropping, cover cropping, terracing, and contour furrowing. The recommended program also called for 250 farm ponds in the drainage area above Brighton Dam, According to the 1952 report, seven of the recommended farm ponds were already constructed as of 1952. Post-war growth of population and other developments forced attention on the problem of waste-water disposal in the Patuxent River sub-basin. The Maryland State Department of Health conducted a survey of water quality in the Little Patuxent River from Maryland Route 602 to its mouth, and in the Patuxent River from Laurel to Maryland Route 211|, Samples were collected and analyzed for dis- solved oxygen concentration, biochemical oxygen demand, coliform bacteria count, and temperature. The Geological Survey cooperated in this survey by obtaining stream- flow data in the reaches studies by setting up temporary stream gaging stations, 91 The results of this survey were recorded in an unpublished report by Hsi (1955). Additional data collected the follovd.ng year was discussed in another unpublished report by Zelinski (1956). The 1955 and 1956 surveys by the State Department of Health indicated that the two rivers have relatively good self -purification charac- teristics in the reaches studies, and therefore have considerable capacity to assim- ilate wastes. Anticipating problems from the developing residential areas and other growth activities in Anne Arundel County, the Maryland General Assembly (1955) en- acted a law authorizing the Anne Arundel County Sanitaiy Commission to investigate the need for future water and sewerage facilities. A year later, a report on sewage disposal in the Patuxent River drainage area of the County Sanitary Commission was prepared by Ruraroel, Klepper, and Kahl (1956), This report proposed a sewage treat- ment plant near the mouth of the Little Patuxent River serving most of Election District k of Anne Arundel County, It was calculated that the Patuxent River at the mouth of the Little Patuxent has an assimilative capacity adequate to receive the treated sewage from a population of about 80,000, The report proposed that sewage from over 30,000 persons residing outside the Patuxent sub-basin in Anne Arundel County be pumped to the sewer system tributary to the treatment plant. According to Rumrael et al this would solve the problem of sewage disposal in the out-of-basin area, and at the same time, provide a broader tax base for financing the sewerage system in the Patuxent drainage area. The disposal works, named the Patuxent Sewage Treatment Plant, is now in existence. The outfall is located on the Little Patuxent River 3.1 miles above its mouth. In 1956, Regester (1956) prepared a report for the Washington Suburban Sanitary District describing the sewage disposal problem for Laurel, Maryland, and nearby areas, A treatment plant was proposed for a site east of the Washington- Baltimore Parkway, to be constructed in stages to serve an initial population of 92 10 000 in 196^ and ultijnately U0,000 persons in the year 2000. The Laurel Sewage Treatment Plant has since been constructed. Its effluent is discharged into the Patuxent River at river mile 7u.6, In a report prepared for the Interstate Commission on the Potomac River basin, Wolroan, Geyer, and Pyatt (19$7) proposed a long-term future scheme for dis- posal of treated sewage from Washington, D. C, and its sewer service area. Their proposal involved a pipeline from Washington's treatment works at Blue Plains to the Chesapeake Bay near Chesapeake Beach in Calvert County, The pipeline would cross the Patuxent River near the mouth of Mataponi Creek. This proposed pipeline is of interest here because of the possibility it would offer for disposal of sew- age from the Patuxent River basin. The consulting engineering firm of Whitman, Requardt and Associates (1958) has conducted a study of sewerage needs in Howard County, The consultants found that the Howard County streams would not have waste capacity sufficient to re- ceive the sewage from the future population, estimated to be 176,000 in the year 2000, They proposed that sewage from the upper watershed of the Little Patuxent River be pumped out of the sub-basin into the Baltimore City System, The report called for immediate construction to alleviate public health hazards and nuisances resulting from overloaded, septic tanks. A pumping plant, to be locatedj at Columbia, would pump the sewage to an interceptor sewer in the Patapsco River sub-basin. Whitman, Requardt and Associates (1958) also recommended that sewage from the area around Savage be collected and pumped to the new treatment plant at Laurel. In 1959, the Baltimore Regional Planning Council (1959a, 1959d, 1959c, and 195 9d) issued a series of reports on land use, industrial development, high- ways, and water and sewerage in the Baltimore area. The water and sewerage re- port emphasized the need to consider an entire drainage basin in planning to 93 meet the future needs. The Patuxent River sub-basin was cited as an example in which a coordinated study of the entire drainage area, without regard to county boundaries, was needed. Actually, such a study was already underway by the firm of Benjamin E. Beavin, Consulting Engineers, supervised by a Board of Consult- ants. Serving on this Board of Consultants were Dr. Abel Wolman, Dr. John C. Geyer, and Mr. Benjamin E, Beavin. The Patuxent regional sewerage study began in 1958, and three years later, Wolman, Geyer, and Beavin (I96I) issued the final report. The tudy was limited to the portion of the Patuxent River sub-basin above Lyons Creek, which forms part of the boundary between Anne Arundel and Calvert Counties. The drainage area above Lyons Creek includes portions of Frederick, Howard, Mont- gomery, Prince George's and Anne Arundel Counties, but the investigation was concerned principally with Howard, Prince George's, and Anne Anmdel Counties, The area below Lyons Creek was not considered because the investigators esti- laated that growth in this area during the period from I960 until 2000 would not support public sewerage. This area includes portions of Prince George's, Calvert, Charles, and St. Mary's Counties. According to the I96I report. The Patuxent River system is relatively free of pollution at this time. Control of the water- shed, sparse developments, and construction of treatment plants have precluded any serious widespread problem. Some areas, such as that . immediately below Savage, have local conditions of pollution, particularly during periods of low flow. In order to provide waste disposal for an expected sewered population of 5Ul,000 in the year 2000 in the study area, Wolman, Geyer, and Beavin (I96I) recommended the construction of a system of interceptor sewers and five sewage treatment plants. The proposed plants would be located at Laurel, Bowie, 9h Patuxent, Savage, and Mataponi Creek. At the time of the I96I report, the initial stage of the Laurel plant was already in existence, and the Bowie and Patuxent plants were under construction. The first stage of the Savage sewer- age system would be needed sometime before 1973, when it was estimated the second stage should be constructed. The first stage of the Mataponi Creek sewage treat- ment plant would be needed before 1970, at which time the Board of Consultajits expect the second state to be needed. The report of Wolman, Geyer, and Beavin (I96I) concluded that the Patuxent River and its tributaries have adequate capacity to assimilate the treated sewage from the population expected in the Patuxent River sub-basin in the year 2000. A very significant development in the Patuxent sub-oasin is the plan of Community Research and Development, Inc., to build a completely new town in eastern Howard County. Covering some 111, 1000 acres, the proposed town of Columbia will oe located in the Clarksville (#5) and GuiDford (#6) election dis- tricts, both of which are in the Little Patuxent watershed. According to the brief data available, Columbia will consist of 10 small villages around a central core area providing commercial, recreational and educational facilities. Each village will house 2,500-3,500 families plus schools, parks, churches, shops, businesses and other services. Spacing the villages from one another and from adjacent peoperties will be an extensive system of permanent open spaces. Centers of employment, largely in the form of research and development labora- tories, offices and light manufacturing plants will be both clustered and iso- lated in suitable locations. Although detailed plants are not available, preliminary information in- dicates that water will be supplied to Columbia from Baltimore via a line paral- leling U. S. Highways UO and 29. During the first five-year development stage. 95 the sewage load from an estimated population of 60,000 prooably will be pumped out of the watershed and treated at a proposed plant in Ellicott City which is in the Patapsco River sub-basin. Ultimate development after a l5-year period (population 110,000) will include provision for treatment at the Savage treatment plant on the Little Patuxent River (mile point 16.9). A comprehensive study of water and sew- age facilities for Columbia is presently being prepared under the direction of the Howard County Metropolitan Commission, The development scheme for Columbia includes provision for five lakes, ranging in size from 21 to 320 acres of water surface. Originally considered for multiple purposes (water supply, flood control, recreation), these impoundments are now being planned for recreation use only. Some criticism has been expressed by state and federal agencies primarily because of tiie effect the regulated stream- flow would have on the operations of a sewage treatment plant at Savage, the main water supply at Fort Meade and the auxiliary supply at the House of Correction (Jessups). Shellfish pollution remained a problem in I960, no less than in 191U as reported by Cummin g (1916). In I960, tidal waters of Back Creek and Mill Creek in Calvert County were closed to shellfishing, because of pollution, by the Maryland Department of Health (1961). An extensive investigation of water quality in the Patuxent River estu- ary is currently underway (196^). A major aim of this study, being carried out by the Natural Resources Institute of the University of Maryland, is to determine the effects on the aquatic life of the waste heat discharged by the Chalk Point steam- electric generating plant recently constructed on the Patuxent River near the mouth of Swanson Creek in Prince George's County. The plant, owned by the Potomac Electric and Power Company, began power generation in one unit in the spring of I96U. A second unit is expected to be in production in 1965. It is anticipated 9e that cooling water from the estuary vdll be circulated through the condensers at a rate of 500,000 gallons per minute. In passing through the condensers, the water will oe heated to a temperature 11. 5 Fahrenheit degrees aoove its intake temperature in summer. In winter the temperature increase will be 23 Fahrenheit degrees. The U. S. rieological Survey, which is cooperating in the investigation, has installed a totally integrated water quality data collection system. A preliminary report of the Patuxent River estuary study has been prepared by Mihursky (1963). Tiller and Coker (195$) have called attention to an effect of man's activities on water resources of the Patuxent River which is unlike the routine pollution proolems usually encountered. Explosions resulting from the testing of navsLL ordnance materials in the lower Patuxent estuary have caused the death of many fish. West Chesapeake Shore Between Patuxent River and Potcanac River - Below the mouth of the Patuxent River, the shore of Chesapeake Bay stretches southward and slightly eastward for about 17 miles, forming the eastern boundary of St. Mary's County. Tne shoreline is unbroken throughout most of the distance, with no large streams indenting the beach above Point No Point, Just below Point No Point, St. Jerome Creek forms an embayment. Very sparsely populated, the area contains only scattered houses and a few small communities. The communities include St. Jerome Beach, Airedele, Scotland Beach, and Point Lookout, Point Lookout marks the southera limit of the Western Shore drainage oasin of Maryland. The scattered homes are served by septic tanks for sewage disposal. Only two waste-water discharges to surface waterways are known in this area. One of these is from the Officers Club of the Patuxent Naval Air Station which discharges sewage directly into the Bay a short distance below the mouth of the Patuxent River. The other outfall is on Pine Hill Run, a small tributary of Chesapeake Bay, This outfall serves the bolomons Island Naval Air Test Center and surrounding 91 residential areas. With no manufacturing industry and very little population, the area has no serious problems of water quality. Interstate Problems At this time (1965), there are no significsmt interstate oroblems of water quality in the Western Shore drainage area of Maryland. The only streams originating outside Maryland and flowing into the Western Shore area considered Jn this report are the Susquehanna River and its tributaries, and Gunpowder Falls. The Susquehanna River drains large areas in the States of New York and Pennsylvania. As observed by Beaven (19i;6) and other investigators, the rate of flow of the Susquehanna River has a controlling influence on the salinity of the water in the northern part of Chesapeake Bay and in the western tributaries of the Bay. For this reason, any regulation of the flow of the Susquehanna River by diversions or impoundments in New York or Pennsylvania should be of interest to Maryland. The investigation of such regulation, though recognized as desirable, is beyond the assigned scope of this report. Water-quality problems are known to exist in the Susquehanna River basin in both New York and Pennsylvania, However, the problems are generally solved, by a combination of pollution-abatement measures, dilution, and natural stabilization in the river and its impoundments before the water reaches Chesapeake Bay, Cumberland (1961) has called attention to the atomic power electric- generating station at Peach Bottom, Pennsylvania, on the Susquehanna River, as a potential source of radioactive contamination in Chesapeake Bay. However, extensive precautionary measures have been carried out in connection with this project, soon to begin operating, to minimize the danger to water users. Such users will include the City of Baltimore, which is soon to begin diverging water from the Susquehanna downstream of Peach Bottcsn to augment its public water supply. The Gunpowder Falls drainage area includes a small area in the southern 98 part of York County, Pennsylvania. Largely farm land, this area of about 11 square miles contributes no known pollution to the waters of the Gunpowder system in Maryland. Pollution of the tidal waters of the Western Shore area by ships and smaller water craft can be considered an interstate problem. These mobile sources of pollution cross State boundaries at will, discharging sewage without legal re- striction, and not infrequently oil and garbage, which are prohibited by law. The Bay waters in the lower part of the Western Shore area flow back and forth across the State boundary between Maryland and Virginia. There is no known man-made water-quality problem in the Maryland portion of the Bay which originates in Virginia, except for those problems caused by ships and other vessels. Similarly, there are no known land-based sources of pollution in Maryland's Western Shore area (north of the Potomac River) which have any significant effect on water uses in Virginia. To the extent that salinity can be considered a problem, it has inter- state aspects because the sea salts in Maryland's portion of Chesapeake Bay come from the Atlantic Ocean through the Virginia portion of the Bay. Another reason for considering salinity as an interstate problem is that salinity in the upper Bay is subject to control by flow regulation in the Susquehanna River basin in New York and Pennsylvania. Intrastate Problems Except for the interstate problems discussed in the section immediately above, the water-quality problems of the Western Shore drainage area can be characterized as intrastate problems. The effects of pollution from sources within the area are felt, if at all, by water users within the State of Maryland, and indeed, within the Western Shore drainage area itself. There is no evidence that pollution on either side of the Bay affects water use on the opposite side. 99 Similarly, there are no exchanges of pollution effects between the Maryland portion of the Susquehanna River basin and the Western Shore area. It is con- ceivable, however, that the diversion of water from the Susquehanna River by the City of Baltimore, the facilities for which are now (1965) under construction, could cause or aggravate water-quality problems in the lower Susquehanna River, Such problems might be related to a reduction of waste-assimilative capacity or increased salinity intrusion in the Susquehanna River as a result of the diversion. Although the Potomac River estuary is directly connected with the waters of the Chesapeake Bay, there are no known sources of pollution in the Potomac River basin which influence water quality in the Bay, Neither are there pollution sources in the Western Shore area considered in this report vriiich significantly affect water quality in the lower Potomac River estuary. However, there are intrastate, interbasin diversions of which which have water-quality aspects. Water is diverted from the Patuxent River for water supply in the Potomac River basin. This diversion tends to reduce the capacity of the Patuxent River to assimilate wastes. It also tends to increase the effects of salinity intrusion in the Patuxent River estuaiy. The plan to extend a treated waste pipeline from the Blue Plains sewage treatment plant in Washington, D. C, to the Chesapeake Bay, as proposed by Wolman, Geyer, and Pyatt (1957), would create another intrastate, interbasin ■ diversion with attendant effects on water quality in the Bay. Most of the water-quality problems of the Western Shore drainage basin in Maryland begin and end within the basin area. These intrastate problems have been discussed elsewhere in this report, Water-Quality Control A general discussion of this subject is found in the General Reference Section, 100 Special Water-Quality burveys There have been numerous special surveys dealing with water quality in the Western Shore drainage area of Maryland. Most of these have been discussed elsewhere in this report. One of the earliest special -purpose surveys, that of the Public Health Service in 191it and 1915, as reoorted by Curmning (1916), described the sanitary conditions of the Bay and its tidal triDiitaries as related to shellfish. Many studies of pollution in Baltimore Harbor have been carried out by various agencies. Several of these were performed by persons attached to the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, as reported by Olson et al (19U1), Stern (19U2), Davis (19U8), Stem and Davis (19U8), and Sieling (19U6). Tne Department of Sanitary Sngineeidng of The Johns Hopkins University investigated water quality in Baltimore Harbor during the period from 19U7 through 1951. Various aspects of this investigation have been reported by Pohmer (19U8), Garland (19U9, 1950, 1952), Hull (1950, 1961, 1963), and Weiss (1950, 1951). The Chesapeake Bay Institute of The Johns Hopkins University has recently completed a three-year study of Baltimore Harbor and the adjacent portion of Chesapeake Bay. The principal objective of this study was to determine the mechanisms and rates of flushing of the harbor, in order to allow the estimation of the effects of introducing waste materials into the haroor. The results of these studies were reported by Stroup et al (196U). The Public Health Service is presently engaged in a six-year study of the Chesapeake Bay and Susquehanna River basin. The objective of tne study is to develop programs for improving and maintaining water quality for all beneficial uses to the year 2020. Cooperating with state and local agencies, ttie Public Health Service will prepare a series of reports covering the several sub-basins of the study area. Project activities to date have included the collection and tabulation of data on community water supply and waste disposal, industrial water use, water supply and waste disposal practices at Federal installations, and 101 stream water quality; the collection of stream water quality data through field surveys, preliminary mathematical analysis of certain of those data; and the projection of population and economic growth. Available data from these studies were incorporated, in this report. Two project committees (one for the Chesapeake area and the other for the Susquehanna River basin) have been formed to facilitate coordination among Federal and State agencies concerned with water quality management. Considerable data included in the Maiyland Water Supply and Requirements Study have been developed cooperatively with the Public Health Service Project. Suanary on Water Quality Throughout Basin With some notable exceptions, the quality of available water supplies in the Western Shore drainage area has been generally satisfactory for most uses. The fresh-water streams have provided water of good chemical and physical characteris- tics suitable for municipal and industrial purposes after reasonable treatment. Rapid expansion of population centers has created problems of waste disposal on the watersheds draining into major water-supply reservoirs. Frequent and wide- spread failures of individual household systems for sewage disposal have prompted more stringent regulations controlling the design and installation of these systems. Although water for instreaxn uses is abundant in the Chesapeake Bay and in its tidal tidbutaries, these waters are unsuitable for most withdrawal uses because of their salt content. These brackish waterways, serving as disposal mechanisms for the used fresh waters of the cities and factories along the Western Shore of the Bay, render these fresh waters unfit for further use ashore by mixing them with the natural sea-water impurities. The brackish waters of the estuaries have also penetrated into heavily pumped aquifers, especially in the Baltimore Harbor area. 102 In areas of concentrated industrial and. municipal developments, the brackish receiving waters are degraded by the sewage and industrial wastes dis- charged, into them, thus lowering their value for instream water uses, particularly recreation and fishing. Shellfishing areas have been closed because of the danger to public health from sewage contamination. Untreated, human wastes from ships and smaller vessels, including pleasure craft, present a potential health hazard, to shellfish consumers, as well as to bathers and others using the estuarine waters for recreation. Large volumes of spent cooling water are discharged from steam- electric generating plants into Baltimore Harbor and into other parts of the estuarine system. The waste heat raises the temperature of the receiving waters, but this effect appears to be limited to relatively limited areas near the point of cooling-water discharge. Waste acid and oil have been causes of pollution in peripheral areas of Baltimore Harbor. Except for these peripheral areas, the harbor has a relatively great capacity to assimilate wastes without significant harm to other water uses, either within the harbor itself or in Chesapeake Bay, Except for the degradation of water quality in peripheral areas of Baltimore Harbor, the detrimental effect on the estuary of Back River by treated sewage from the City of Baltimore has probably been the most critical water- quality problem within the Western Shore area. The increasing re-use of the effluent from the Back Pliver sewage disposal plant for industrial purposes has alleviated this problem considerably in recent years. Ground-water quality varies from good to unsatisfactory in the Western Shore drainage area. The most prevalent natural impurity in well waters of the area is iron, found in ground waters of both the Piedmont and Coastal Plain provinces. Some wells in both of these provinces yield slightly corrosive waters. Excessive hardness is a problem in limestone and marble areas of the Piedmont. 103 Saline-water intrusion is a factor limiting the use of ground water in areas adjacent to the Bay and its tidal tributaries. Heavy pumping by industries in the vicinity of Baltimore has drawn salt water into seme aquifers, resulting in the abandoment of the wells. Over the last l^-year period, the State agencies responsible for water- quality control have been expanding their activities with increasing effectiveness, but the rates of growth of both population and industry, together with the develop- ment of new types of chemicals, such as pesticides and synthetic detergents, which find their way into the waters of the State, have taxed the resources of these agencies. Since much of the State's growth and development has been within the Western Shore drainage area, this area has of necessity received a large share of the pollution control efforts. INTERSTATE ASPECTS As indicated previously, water resources of the Western Shore drainage basin are largely an intrastate matter. An exception is the interstate aspects of the Susquehanna River which were discussed in this report under diver- sions and water quality. EVALUATION OF AVAILABLE DATA A general discussion on this subject is found in the General Reference Section. lOU SUI'-MARY The western ohore drainage area, defined as that part of I'iaryland lying east of the Chesapeake Bay between the Susquetianna and Potomac Rivers, is generally well endowed with water resources. These resources have oeen developed and used only to a very limited extent. Many good sized streams in the area - for example, the Little Gunpowder Falls and the Little Pat'-ixent River - have not ueen developed at all, oecause of the availability of other sources of water, considered better choices, whica have been adequate to meet the demands for water in the past. The recent developmento of two water supplies from sources outside the Vfestern Shore drainage area are likely to delay for many years the need for any major water-supply projects on streams within the Western Shore basin. The Susquehanna River supply is expected to serve the City of Baltimore and its sub- urbs until sometime after the year 2000. The Potomac River supply recently put into operation by the Washington Suouroan Sanitary District will serve the Maryland suburbs of VJashington, D, C. The Sanitary District includes in its water service area part of southern Howard County and the major portions of Montgomery and Prince George's Counties in the Western Shore basin. In the not very distant future, the Baltimore water mains extending southwestward will meet those of the Washington Suburban Sanitary District system somewhere in Howard County, with interconnections between the two systems. \-It\en this happens, the entire corridor extending from the Susquehanna River oasin through the Western Shore basin to the Potomac River basin will oe served by interconnected water systems which draw their supplies from the two largest rivers in Maryland, This development will eliminate the need for any major water-supply projects on the small streams in the Western Shore basin. In the Piedmont province portion of the VJestern Shore drainage area. 105 ground-water resources are available in adequate amounts for small supplies, such as for individual households. Where urbanization occurs, existing metropolitan watsr systems will be extended or new ones developed to meet the new demands for water. A significant portion of water requirements in the coastal province will continue to be provided by ground water, notwithstanding an ever-expanding network of surface water supplies. Many communities as well as industrial users with requirements approximating 300 gallons per minute will find ground-water sources to be adequate. Reliance on ground-water supplies will continue in those areas where 1) aquifers are highly productive, 2) the effect of brackish water intrusion is minimal, and 3) surface-water supplies cannot feasibly be provided. These factors indicate the greatest potential for ground water use will be in regions of Southern Maryland most distant from the metropolitan service areas and from the Bay and brackish portions of its tributaries. Water is taken from the streams and aquifers of the Western Shore drainage area and used for domestic, municipal, industrial, commercial and agri- cultural purposes. The largest quantity of fresh water used in the basin is oy the City of Baltimore, which supplies water also to parts of Anne Arundel, Baltimore and Howard Counties, During 1962, Baltimore withdrew water from Gunpowder Falls and the North Branch Patapsco River at an average rate of 218 million gallons daily (mgd). The Washington Suburban Sanitary District took 5l»6 mgd from the Patuxent River during the same year. Surface withdrawals by all municipal and institutional systems in the basin totaled 282 mgd in 1962; industrial withdrawals for which data were available totaled 12 mgd. Most of the fresh water used in the Western Shore area is discharged after use into the brackish water of the Chesapeake Bay or its tidal tributaries. For this reason, there is little opportunity for successive re-uses of the same 106 water, as is comnon in inland sre.TS where waste w'nters dischfirged into fresh-water streanis nre available to downstream water users after dilution and natural puri- fication in the stream. In areas such as the tidewater region of the Bay, the re-use of waste waters as fresh-water supplies is only possible if these waste waters are intercepted before discharged into the brackish tide waters. An out- standing exajnple of such re-use is found in the Western Shore area wnere a large part of the treated effluent from Baltimore's Back River sewage disposal plant is used for industrial purposes at the Sparrows Point plant of the Bethlehem Steel Company. Brackish water from the Bay and its tidal tributaries is used for in- dustrial purposes, especially cooling. The largest single quantity of water taken from the Bay is U78 mgd, used for condensing steam in the Charles P. Crane electric generating station of the Baltimore Gas and Electric Company. In the Patapsco estuary which includes the Baltimore harbor area more than 1,^00 mgd of brackish water are used for industrial purposes. About half is used by public utility industries. The Potomac Electric Power Company began taking brackish water from the Patuxent River during the summer of I96U for condensing steam in its Chalk Point electric generating station. This plant circulates Patuxent River water through its cooling system at the rate of about 500,000 gallons per minute (720 mgd). Although most of the large volumes of water withdrawn from the surface streams of the Western Shore drainage area have been accounted for in this study, data on many smaller withdraxvals are not available. These withdrawals may be significant in terms of the size of the stream from which water is taken and the location of the intake with respect to other water uses. The State Planning Department and the U.S. Public Health Service have jointly undertaken a survey to obtain more adequate data on water use in the Western Shore drainage ares. 107 The water resources vrLthin the basin, or near enough for economically feasible transport into the basin, are far greater than any potential future use, principally because of the Susquehanna River, With development of this source, the forseeable needs of the area for increasing quantities of water will be met with- out approaching the limits of supply. This optimistic situation is marred somewhat by the views of biologists and ecologists who anticipate detrimental effects resulting from large inter- or intra-basin diversions. These diversions will be particularly significant in estuarine areas where changes in salinity profiles will alter ecological con- ditions. Of particular concern is the Patuxent River where much of the water withdrawn is eventually discharged outside the basin. Although many criteria are used in defining water quality, the common objective of all is to describe conditions amenable or detrimental to various water uses. Domestic water supply and certain forms of recreation re- quire the highest quality water. At the other extreme is the use of water for navigation and as a carrier of wastes. Generally, water quality in the Western Shore drainage area is adequate to meet most requirements; local problems do exist with the various watersheds, however, and improvements are needed to assure optimal use of the available water resources. With industrial activity concentrated in the Baltimore area, problems of industrial wastes are most prevalent in the lower Patapsco and Baltimore Harbor areas. Domestic waste problems exist largely as a result of urbanization spreading more rapidly than sewerage improvements can be installed. Insufficient sewerage characterizes portions of nearly every watershed in the Western Shore area. Other quality problems of a more specialized nature are found also in streams of the Western Shore, These local situations as well as anticipated remedial measures are all discussed in the narrative section of the report entitled "Water Quality," 108 In addition to receiving some portion of upstream waste loads, estuarine areas receive dischar.es of untreated sewage from ships and smaller water craft. Public Health is endangered by exrjosing oathers to sewage-oome disease organisms, and by contaminating shellfish used for human consumption. Restricting such uses in the interest of public health results in economic losses to important recreation and shellfish industries of the Bay. The salinity of gradient of the Bay is controlled more by runoff from the Susquehanna River than that contributed from sources west in the basin drainage area itself. Salt in the Chesapeake Bay and its estuaries limits the withdrawal use of these waters to industrial cooling, a purpose for which they are used in large quantities. The salinity of the tidal waters has increased during severe droughts to levels fatal to fresh water species of fish normally found near the head of tide in some arms of the Bay. Most instream uses of water are unharmed by the natural salinity of the total water bodies of the area. There are two widespread aquatic pests in the waters of Chesapeake Bay which damage instream water uses. One of these, the oriental milfoil, grows so thickly in shallow areas that the passage of small boats through these areas is impeded or blocked. The presence of milfoil greatly accelerates the conversion of shallow areas into swamps. The other pest, the sea nettle, often virtually eliminates bathing in large areas of the Bay and its tidal arms. Other than fencing in small areas for bathing with fine-meshed nets or wire screens, no effective method of controlling the sea nettle has been found. As indicated previously, the quantity and quality of vjater in the Western Shore area generally are adequate for most uses. Recreation and commercial fishing are the uses most severely harmed by degraded water quality. Evidence of the effect of pollution on the shellfish industry is the recent 109 closing of 11 oyster beds comprising 10,000 acres (6 per cent of the State's total acreage in oyster cultivation) by the State Health Department because of suspected con tamination . Recreation has always been considered of secondary importance to other water uses primarily on the basis of economics - i.e., the intangible and often non-reimbursable benefits from recreation could not limit more lucrative foims of economic activity. This attitude is rapidly changing, especially in the Western Chesapeake Bay drainage area, as evidenced by the creation of stream-valley parks along the Gunpowder, Patapsco and Patuxent Rivers, At the same time, these and other recreational developments bring more sharply into focus the possible con- flicts and sometimes competitive nature of various water uses. To achieve a desirable pattern of water utilization which minimizes conflicts among uses, a planning and operational program must be initiated to accomplish the following: 1, Determination of water requirements for various uses, 2, Recognition of optimal use patterns within each water- course, and 3, Management and development of water resources to achieve desired objectives. The Maryland Water Resources Law of 1933 declares that the policy of the State is to control the appropriation and use of the State's water resources. To implement the declared policy, the 1933 law established a permit system. Its effectiveness, however, is severely limited by the exemptions from the system, namely the use of water for domestic and farming purposes and for an approved water supply of any municipality. All uses in existence prior to January 1, 193h also were exempted. These exemptions leave only industrial water uses established since 1933 covered by the law in any depth. There are only six holders of permits 110 for taking and using surface waters in the Western ohore drainage area; these total less than 1? mgd which is less than 1 per cent of the water used in the oasin, (Baltimore City and the Washington Suburban Sanitary District, not covered oy permit, use more than 90 per cent of the surface water known to oe withdrawn in the Western Shore area. The control and development of water resources on the Western Shore nas been diffused among many state and local agencies each operating within a limited area of jurisdiction. The water development that heretofore took place resulted in few conflicts of use; as a result, little attention was given to comnrehensive, multiple-purpose concepts of water and related land development. With increasing urbanization and ever-increasing industrial activity on the Western Shore, however, the need for a broader -based program of planning and management has been recognized, A recent reorganization of the State's water agencies included the creation of a Department of Water Resources which is assigned many of the activities heretofore carried out by several agencies. The Department of Water Resources is specially charged with the responsibility of carrying out comprehensive planning studies for each basin in the State. These studies will not only guide future management and development of water resources in Maryland but will also provide the necessary supporting data for amending existing regulatory legis- lation which at present is a constraint on the Department's operation. 111 CHESAPEAKE BAY (l^lESTERN SHORE) DRAINAGE BASIN MARYLAND References Cited and General Bibliography Allen, K. 1913. Discussion of "Tidal Phenomena in the Harbor of New York." Transactions, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol, 76, Paper No, 1276, ppc 2099-210U. American Water Works Association. 1953. Water Conservation in Industry. Report of Task Group AJ4.DI. Journal, American Water Works Association, Vol, U5, No. 12, December, pp. 12l;9- American Water Works Association, 1958, Recreational Use of Domestic Water Supply Reservoirs — AWWA Statgnent of PolicyT Journal, American Water Works Association, Vol, 50, No, 5, May, pp. 579-580, Anonymous, 1911, A Dam 192 Feet High at Baltimore, Maryland. Engineering News, Vol. 66, No. 6, August 10, pp. 109-190. Anonymous. 1911. Water-Supply Shortages and Their Prevention and Ameliora- tion. Engineering News, Vol. 66, No. 6, August 10, pp. 179. Anonymous. 1950, The Baltimore Harbor Project. The Johns Hopkins Univer- sity, "The Vector," Vol. 3, No. 2, January, pp. 3, 9. Anonymous. 1950. Basic Water Use Doctrines and State Water Control Agencies. Journal, American Water Works Association, Vol li2. No. ti, August, pp. 755- • Anonymous. 1958. Deep Water Oyster Losses in Chesapeake Bay. Maryland Tidewater News, Vol, lU, No, 5, (Septanber - October), pp, 17, Anonymous, I960, Compilation of Records of Surface Water of the U. S., through September 1950, part 1-B North Atlantic Slope Basins, New York to New York RiveiFT Geological Survey, Water Supply Pe^er No. 1302, pp. 669. Anonymous. 1962. Dredge Ready to Work on Channels. The Evening Sun, Baltimore, Maryland, Monday, Deconber 10. Anonymous, 1962. Hundreds Protest Sewage Threat in Rockburn Branch. The Evening Sun, Baltimore, Maryland, Wednesday, May 9. Ball, E. F, 1953. Chesapeake Bay Bridge. Proceedings, American Society of Civil Engineers, Separate No. 30U, October, Baltimore B\ireau of Water Supply, 1958. Baltimore's Water Supply. Brochure (mimeogr^hed) , August, 19 pp. Baltimore County Department of Public Works. 1955. Baltimore County Design Manual. Bureau of Engineering. 112 Baltimore County Office of Planning and Zoning, I960, Pollution Control and the Development of Port-Served Industry with Particular Reference to The Back River Area. Technical Report (Reprinted 1961), Hi pp. Baltimore Department of Public Works. 19U1. Annual Report (I9U0), Report to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, Maryland, Baltimore Regional Planning Council. 1959. Water Supply and Sewerage. Technical Report No. U, Maryland State Planning Corimiasion, Baltimore, Maryland, May, Baltimore Sewerage Commission. 1906, Annual Report. Baltimore, Maryland, Barksdale, Henry C, I9UI. Ground-Water Conditions at the Sparrows Point, Maryland Plant of the Bethlehem Steel Company. Confidential Report to the U. S, Department of InteiT.or, Cited by Geyer, 1952. Barksdale, Henry C, 19li2. Ground-Water Conditions in the Vicinity of Baltimore, Maryland with a'^pecial Reference to the Contamination of Wells by Salt Water. Confidential Report to the U, S. Department of Interior, Cited by Geyer, 1952, Barksdale, Henry C, 19U2. Report on the Ground-Water Conditions at the Curtis Bay Plant of the Davison Chemical Corporation, Baltimore, Maryland, Confidential Report to the U, S. Department of the Interior, Cited by Geyer, 1952, Barr, W, L,, and Thomas, D. W. 1953. Irrigation on Pennsylvania Farms. Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin 562, 30 pp. Beall, Robert M, 1958, The Surface-Water Resovtrces, in The Water Resources of Carroll and Frederick Counties. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 22, pp. 229-3U2. Beauchamp, K. H, 1958. Potential Use of Water by Irrigation in the Humid Area, Presented at the meeting of American Society of Civil Engineers, Chicago, Illinois, Beaven, G, F, I9U6, Effect of Susquehanna River Stream Flow on Chesapeake Bay Salinities and History of Past Oyster Mortalities on Upper Bay Bars» Contribution No, 6tl, Solomons Island, Maryland, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Department of Research and Education, Reprinted frcan 191^6 Annual Report of Maryland Board of Natural Resources, 11 pp, Bennett, R, R, 19kh* Ground-Water Resources at the Naval Establishments in the Solomons-Patuxeint River Area, Maryland, Geological Survey Open- File Report, Bennett, R, R. 19U5. Memorandum on the Availability of Ground Water at the Naval Powder Factory, Indian Head, Maryland. Geological Survey, Open-File Report, 113 Bennett, R. R. 19U6. Exploratory Test-Well Drilling in the Sparrows Point Area, Maryland* Geological Survey, Open-File Report. Bennett, R, R., and Meyer, R, R, 1951. Ground-Water Data on Certsiin Areas in Baltimore County, Maryland. Geological Survey, Open-File Report. Bennett, R. R,, and Meyer, R, R. 19^2. Geology and Ground-Water Resources of the Baltimore Area. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 117 Bennion, V, R. 19U8. Surface-Water Resources, in The Physical Features of Charles County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, pp. 130-137. Bennion, V. R. 19U9. The Surface-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Anne Arundel CountyT Maiyland Department of Geology, l*lines and. Water Resources, Bulletin 5, pp. 1-27. Bennion, V. R,, and Daugherty, D. F, 19$1. Surface-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Calvert County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin a, pp. 1-3, Black and Veatch Consulting Engineers. 1962. Report on Waste-Water Col- lection and Disposal in the Gunpowder River Basin 1' Prepared for State ]t'lanning D^artment, State of Maryland, kS pp. Blackburn, S, C, 19li7. Enlarganent of Baltimore Water Supply System. Journal, American Water Works Association, Vol. 39, No. 2, February, pp. 119-122. Board of Advisory ikigineers on Future Water Supply. 1953. Report to the City of Baltimore on Future Sources of Water Supply and Appurtenant Pro- blems. Baltimore, Maryland. Bogart, D. B. I960. Floods of August-October 1955 » New England to North Carolina. Geological Survey, Water Svqpply Paper No. IkZO, USh pp. Bowman, T. E., Caldwell, D. M., and Hicks, S. D, I963, Notes on Associations Between Hyperiid Amphipods and Medusae in Chesapeake and Narragansett Bays and the Niantic River. Chesapeake Science. Vol. U. No. 3. pp. lUl-lli6. Boyd, G, M., and Watson, K. S. 1955. Ceramic Waste Trealanent. Sewage and Industrial Wastes, Vol. 27, No. 9, pp. 1051^-1060. Boyer, M. C. 1958. Water Supply Versus Irrigation in Humid Areas. Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, Proceedings, A.S.C.E., Vol. Qkj No. IRl, Paper 1500, pp. 1-13. Brookhart J. W. 19U9. The Ground-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Anne Arundel County. Maryland Department of Geology. Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 5, pp. 28-li;3. llli Brust, H, F,, and Newcombe, C. F. 19^0. Observations on the Alkalinity of Estuarine Waters of the Chesapeake Bay near Solomons Island, Maryland. Journal Marine Research, Vol, 3» PP. 105- Bureau of the Census. 1951. Counties and State Econoinic Areas, Delaware, Maryland, District of Coluinbia. U. S. Census of Agriculture, 1950, Vol, 1, Part lU, U. S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D, C, 302 pp. Bureau of the Census, 1955. Water Use in Manufacturing, 1953 » Series MAS-53-3, 1953. Annual Survey of Manufactures, U. 3. Departjftent of Commerce, Industry Division, 9 pp. Bureau of the Census. 1956. 195U Census of Agriculture, Irrigation in Humid Areas. U. S, Department of Commerce and Department of Agriculture, Special Reports, Vol. Ill, 121 pp. Bureau of the Census. 1962, County and City Data Book, 1962. U. S. Depart- ment of Commerce, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C, 565 pp. Burton, B, Fun, Fishing and Boating in Chesapeake Bay Country, Department of Tidewater Fisheries of Maryland, 36 pp. (Includes map showing fishing grounds and marine facilities.) Busby, C. E. 19Sh, Water Ripjhts and Our Expanding Econcany. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, March, pp. 65-69j May, pp. 120-127; July, pp, 175-178, California Institute of Technology, 1952 o Water-Quality Criteria. State Water Pollution Control Board, Sacramento, Publication No. 3, 512 pp, California State Water Pollution Control Board. 19514. Studies of Waste Water Reclamation and Utilization. Publication No. 9. Carbaugh, H. C,, Hull, C. H, J,, O'Connor, J. T,, and Others. I960. A Method of Evaluating Water Supply and Demand in a Region . Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore^ Maryland, Appendixes A-C, 126 pp. Carpenter, J. H. 1960a. The Chesapeake Bay Institute Study of the Baltimore Harbor. Proceedings, Thirty-Third Annual Conference, Maryland-Delaware Water and Sewage Association, Hagerstown, Maryland, June 9, 10, pp. 62. Carpenter, J. H. 1960b. Tracer for Circulation and Mixing in Natural Waters, Public Works Magazine, Vol. 91, No. 6, June, pp. 110-112. Carpenter, J. H,, and Cargo, D. G, 1957, Oxygen Requirement and Mortality of the Blue Crab in the Chesapeake Bay. Chesapeake Bay Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Technical Report 13, Ref. 57-2: 1-22, 115 Carroll County Planning and Zoning Commission. I96I. Agriculture. Carroll County, Maryland. Master Plan Report No. 1, November, 5u pp. Chesapeake Bay Institute. 19h9. Cruises 1 and 11. Report No, 1, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Chesapeake-Potomac Study Commission. 19U8, Report on Fish and Shellfish in the Chesapeake Bay and Potomac River with Recommendations for Their Future kanagementT C, 0. Geolrick, Chairman, et al. Press of the Daily Record Company, Baltimore, January 7, 68 pp. Clark, W. B., Mathews, E. B., and Berry, E. W. I9I8. Surface and Underground Water Resources of Maryland. Maryland Geological Survey, Vol. 10, pp. 169-5U2. Clarke, S» F, I882. New and Interesting Hydroids trcsn Chesapeake Bay. Memoirs read before the Boston Society of Natural History, Vol« 3, No, h, pp. 135-lli2. Cloos, E., and Broedel, C. H, 19iiO. Geologic Map of Howard County, Md. Maryland Geological Survey, Baltimore, Maryland, Coast and Geodetic Survey, I9I6, United States Coast Pilot. Section C, Sandy Hook to Cape Henry, Including Delaware and Chesapeake Bays, U. S, Department of Coranerce, Washington, D, C,, 28U pp. Coast and Geodetic Survey. 19U9. Density and Sea Water at Coast and Geodetic Smrvey Tide Stations, Atlantic and Gulf Coasts. U. S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C, Revised 19U9. """ Cohn, M. M. 1956. A Million Tons of Steel with Sewage. Wastes Engineering, Vol. 27, No, 7, July, editorial. Collier, Janes E, 195ii. Irrigated Land; 195i^« U. S. Department of Cranraerce, Geogr^hy Division, in cooperation with the Agriculture Division, Colony, W, M, 1955. Growth and Progress and the Washington Suburban Sani- tary Commission. Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual Conference, The Maryland-Delaware Water and Sewage Association, Ocean City, Maryland, May 26 and 27, pp. 76-81. Colony, William M, I96I. Developing a Regional Master Plan for Sanitary Sewers and Waste Water Disposal in the Washington Metropolitan Area. 3Uth Annual Conference, Maiyland-Delaware Water and Sewage Association, Ocean City, Maryland, pp. 12-21, Colorado Si^jreme Court, 1935. Wilmore et al versus Chain 0 'Mines, Inc., et al. Pacific Reporter, Second Series, West t'ublishing Company, St. Paul, Vol, ijli(2d), pp. IO2U-IO30. 116 Corps of Engineers. 19^0. Supplementary Report on Patuxent River, Maryland. U. S. Engineer Office, Washington, D. C, mimeographed, 1U5 pp. Corps of Engineers, i960. Water Resources Activities in the United States. Future Needs for NavigationT Select Committee on National Water Resources, U. S. Senate, b6th Congress, 2d Session, Committee Print No. 11, 28 pp. Corps of Engineers. I962. River and Harbor Project Maps. U. S. Army Engineer District, Baltimore, Maryland, (1961, revised to June 1962), 129 pp. Cowles, R. P. 1920. Salinity and Density of Chesapeake Bay Water. (Abstract) Anatomical Record, Vol. 26, pp. 382. Cowles, R. P. I92U. The Distribution of Water Density and Salinity in Chesapeake Bay. Internationle Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie, Band XII, pp. 392-395. Cowles, R. P. 1928. A Biological Study of Off -Shore Waters of Chesapeake Bay. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, Bulletin U6, Critchlow, H. T. 1952. Irrigation Water Rights in the Humid Areas. Proceedings, A.S.C.E., Vol. 78, Separate No. IhO, July, pp. 1-6. Cumberland, J. H. I96I. Tidewater Maryland Development Problems. University of Maryland, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Vol. 15, No. 2, September, 22 pp. Cumming, H. S. I916. Investigation of the Pollution of Tidal Water's of Maryland and Virginia with Special Reference to Shellfish-Bearing Areas. PuDlic Health Bulletin, No, 7U, 199 ppt Darling, J. M. I962. Maryland Streamflow Characteristics, Flood Frequency, Low Flow Frequency and ]:''low Duration. Maryland Department Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 25. Darling, J. M. 1962. The Surface-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Allegany and Washington Counties. Mciryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 2k, pp. 2U5-392. Darton, N. H. I896. Artesian VIell Prospects in the Atlantic Coastal Plain Region. U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin No, I38. Daugherty, C. R., Horton, A. H., and Davenport, R. W, 1928. Power Capacity and Production in the United States. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 579. Davis, C. C, I9U8. Studies of the Effects of Industrial Pollution in the Lower Patapsco River Area. II. The Effect of Copperas Pollution on Plankton . Publication No, 72, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Solomons Island, Maryland, 12 pp. Dingman, R. J. and Ferguson H. F. 19^6. The Ground -Water Resources of the Piedmont Part, in The Water Resources in Baltimore and Harford Counties. Maryland. Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 17, pp. 1-128. Dobbin, M. I96I, Navy's Only Midget Submarine. Sunday Sun Magazine, Baltimore, May lU, Dobbin, M. I963. Laundry Suds Last Too Long. The Sunday Sun, Baltimore, February 17. Duncan, 0, D., Scott, W. R., Lieberman, S., Duncan, B., and Winsborough, Hal H, i960. Metropolis and Region. Published for Resources for the Future, Inc., by the Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore. Duttweiler, D. W., Knapp, J. W. and Linaweaver, F. P., Jr. 1962. Optimal Operation of a Water Supply Reservoir. A report submitted as the term project for Problems in Operations Research (55.318)^ The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, May. Eustis, A. B., and Hillen, R, H, 195U. Stream Sediment Removal by Con- trolled Reservoir Releases. Progressive Fish Culturists, Vol. 16, pp. 50- ', Ewing, C. L. 1919. Presence of a Spore-Bearing Aerobic Gas-Forming Bacillus in Baltimore City Drinking Water? American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 9, pp. 257. Federal Inter-Agency River Basins Committee. 19^1. Inter-Agency Coordina- tion of Drainage Area Data. Notes on hydrologic activities, Bulletin No. U, November. Compiled under the auspices of the Subcommittee on Hydrology, F.I.A.R.B.C. Federal Inter-Agency River Basin Committee. 195U. Inventory of Published and Unpublished Chemical Analyses in Eastern United States. Bulletin No. 6. Federal Power Commission. I96I. Water Requirements of Electric Utility Steam-Electric Generating Plants in 1959. Bureau of Power, May, 5 pp. Federal Power Commission, 1962, Principal Electric Facilities, North- eastern . Bureau of Power, Map, based on information to June 30, 1961 Government Printing Office, Washington, D, C, Federal Power Commission. I963. Forecast of Electric Utility Power Requirements to the Year I98O, National Power Survey, Advisory Committee Report No. 13, prepared by Power Requirements Special Technical Committee, June, 11; pp. Federal Power Commission. I963. Philadelphia Electric Subsidiaries Seek FPC License for Proposed $79 Million Fumped-Storage Hydroelectric Fro.iect on the Susquehanna River. News Release No. 127hHj Prnjpn.t. Wn. yjc^d Washington, D. C. 118 Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. 1962. Maryland, An Economic Profile. Monthly Review, June, pp. 2-7. Ferguson, H. F. 1953. The Ground-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of St. Mary's County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and V/ater Resources. Bulletin 11, pp. l6 - 189. Fish and Wildlife Service. 19U5. Fishery Resources of the United States. Senate Document No. 51, 79th Congress, 1st Session, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C, 135 PP. Fleming, R. R. 1963. Water Reuse by Design. The American City, Vol. 78, No. 10, October, pp. 106, Franklin, Benjamin. 1761. Direction of Rivers e (Letter to Miss Mary Stevenson, September 20, 1761) in The Ingenious Dr. Franklin, edited by N. C. Goodman, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1931. Galbreath, P. M. I960. Maryland Irrigation Survey Results for the Crop Year of 19$9, Including Estimates by County Committees for the Year 1975. 13 pp. Garland, C. F, 19^9. Disposal of Wastes into Estuarial V.'aters. Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources, The Johns Hopkins University, Mimeographed, 10 pp. Garland, C. F. 1950. Pollution Studies in Baltimore Harbor. Proceedings, 23rd Annual Conference, The Maryland-Delaware Water and Sewage Association, pp. 29 - Ul. Garland, C. F. 1952. A Study of Water Quality in Baltimore Harbor. Publication No. 96, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Maryland State Department of Research and Education, September, 132 pp. Geological Survey. 1956. Index of Surface V/ater Records to September 30;, 1955, Part 1 — North Atlantic Slope BasinsT U. s. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey Circular 381, pp. 30. Geological Survey. 1958. Flood-Frequency Report for Maryland. Open-file report. Geological Survey. 1951-1960, Surface-Water Supply of the United States, (Year). Part 1-B, North Atlantic Slope Basins, New York to York River, Geological Survey Water Supply Papers 1202, 1232, 1272, 1332, 1382, li;32, 1502, 1552, 1622, and 1702. Geological Survey. I960. Compilation of Records of Surface Waters in the United States, through Septgnber 1950, Part 1-B, North Atlantic Slope Basins, New York to York River. Water-Supply Paper 1302. 119 Geological Survey. I96I. Surface-Water Records of Maryland and Delaware. U, S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 102 pp. Geological Survey. I962. Surface-Vfater Records of Maryland and Delaware. U. S. Deparlanent of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 118 pp. Geyer, J. C, 19U5. Ground Water in the Baltimore Industrial Area. Maryland State Planning Commission, May, 299 pp. Geyer, J. G., and Wolff, J. B. 1955. Report to the Bureau of Water Supply Depar-tanent of Public Works, City of Baltimore, on the Water Distribution System and Appurtenant ProblemsT Baltimore, Maryland, Geyer, J. C., Wolff, «J, B., Linaweaver, F. P., Jr. and Duncan, A. J. I96O. Progress Reports Nos. 1 and 2 on the Residential Water Use Research Pro- ject, January 1, 1959 to July 1, I960, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources, The Johns Hopkins University, 58 pp. Gill, R. 1962, Master Plan for Carroll Water, Sewer Facilities Developed. The Evening Sun, Baltimore, Maryland, Wednesday, September 26. Goff Engineers. 19il7. Report of Design and Recommendations for the Patapsco River Intercepting Sewer, Baltimore County, Maryland. Prepared for the Baltimore County Metropolitan District, Towson, I-Iaryland, July, Gottman, Jean. 1957. Megalopolis, or the Urbanization of the Northeastern Seaboard. Economic Geography, Vol, 33, pp. 189 - 200. Gottschalk, L. C. 19hh> Sedimentation in a Great Harbor. Soil Conservation, Vol. 10, No, 1, July. Gottschalk, L. C. 19ii5. Effects of Soil Erosion on Navigation in Upper Chesapeake Bay. Geogr^hical Review, Vol. 37> pp. 219 - 238, Gregory, J. H,, Requardt, G. J., and Wolman, A, 193U. Report to the Public Improvement Commission of the City of Baltimore on Future Sources of Water Supply and Appurtenant Problems. Baltimore, Maryland. December 19, 226 pp. Gumham, C. F. 1955. Principles of Industrial Waste Treatment. Wiley, New York. Hack, J. T. 1957, Studies of Longitudinal Stream Profiles in Virginia and Maryland. Geological Survey Professional Paper 29h-B, 97 pp. Hai^t, F. J., Finnegan, H. E., and Anderson, G. L. 1930. Tides and Currents in the Chesapeake Bay and Tributaries. Special Publication No. 162, Coast and Geodetic Survey, U. S. Department of Commerce. Hamill, W. S. 193U. The Agricultural Industry of Maryland. Maryland Devel- opment Bureau of the Baltimore Association of Commerce, 332 pp. 120 Hamilton, A. B. 195i. Comparative Census of Maryland Agriculture, by Counties, Miscellaneous Publication No. 113, University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, College Park, Md., August, 52 pp. Hamilton, A. B„ I96I. Comparative Census of Maryland Agriculture, by- Counties* Miscellaneous Extension Publication No, 55, University of Maryland Extension Service, College Park, Md., January, 52 pp. Harbeck, G. E., Jro 1>U8. Reservoirs in the United States. U. S. Geo- logical Survey Circular 23l (Superseded by Tnomas and Harbeck, 1956). Hauser, F, R. 1956^ Explanation of Industrial Water Facilities at Sparrows Point. Iron and Steel Engineer, September. Hazen, A. I9II4. Storage to be Provided in Impounding Reservoirs for Municipal Water Supply. Trans. ASCE, Vol. 77, Paper No. 1305, pp. 1539 - WlQ. Hazen, A. 1920. Water Supply, Sewerage, (in) American Civil Engineers' Handbook, Fourth Edition, Section 10, Article 2, pp. 1196 - 1197. Hazen R. 1956. Public Water Supply, (in) American Civil Engineering Practice, Edited by R, W. Abbett, Vol. 11, Section 18, pp. 18-01 — 18-78. Hildebrand, S. F. and Schroeder, W. C. 1928, Fishes of Chesapeake Bay. Bulletin, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, Vol. 63, Part 1, 1927, Washington, D. C, 388 pp. Hill, W. P. 19hSo Industry Converts Sewage Works Effluent into Water Supply. Water Works and Sewerage, Vol. , No. 12, December, pp. 383 - 390. Howard County Planning Commission. 1959a, General Plan of Highways. Technical Bulletin No. 1, Howard County, Maryland, Howard County Planning Coiranission. 1959b. Population Report. Technical Bulletin No. 2, Howard County Planning Commission. 1959c, Industrial Report. Technical Bulletin No, 3. Hoyt, J. C. 1936, Droughts of 1930-3U, U. S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Supply Paper 68O, I06 pp. Hsi, E. Y. 1955. Little Patuxent and Patuxent Rivers - Anne Arundel County - Sewerage Stream Survey. Bciltimore, Maryland Hull, C. H. J, 1950. Photosynthetic Oxygen Production in Baltimore Harbor, Master's thesis. The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, iiO pp. 121 Hull, C„ Ho J. 1961. Algae and Organic Waste Assiiriilation in Tidal Estuaries. Proceedings, 3Uth Annual Conference, Md. - Del, Water and Sewage Association, Ocean City, pp. 38-52, Hull C, H, J. 1963. Oxygenation of Baltimore Harbor by Plank tonic Algae. Journal, Water Pollution Control Fed,, Vol. 35, No, S) May, pp. 587-o06. Hull, C, H. J,, et al, 1958. Investigation of the Potential Effects of Supplemental Irrigation on the Hydrologic Behavior of Surface Streams in the Eastern United States. The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources, Baltimore, Maryland. Huntsman, A. G. 19h9> Oceanographic Research on Chesapeake Bay. Unpub- lished Manuscript, University of Toronto, 30 pp. Hydrotechnic Corporation, 1959. Report on Recommended Pro.ject for Acid Pollution Abatement Program. Prepared for Bethlehem Steel Company, Sparrows Point Plant, Maryland. Hydrotechnic Corporation. I96O. Report on Effects of Industrial Waste Disposal in the Patapsco River. Report by Hydrotechnic Corporation Engineers, 505 Park Avenue, New York 22, New York, for Bethlehem Steel Company, Sparrows Point Plant, Maryland, 20 pp., Appendixes A, B, Iron and Steel Institute. 1957, Air and Water Pollution in the Iron and Steel Industry. Special Report No. 61, Hcirrison and Sons, Limited, London. Johns Hopkins University. 1955, A Study for a Plan to Finance Major Extensions to a Water System. The 195U-1955 Advanced Seminar Group, The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources, June, iiO pp. Johns Hopkins University. 196O. Progress Reports Nos. 1 and 2, Residen- tial Water Use Resesurch Project. Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, October, 58 pp.. Appendixes 1, 2a, and 2b, Jones B. E. and Helland, R. 0. 19^8. Index to River Surveys Made by the United States Geological Survey and Other Agencies. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 995 (Originally published as a preliminary index in Water-Supply Paper 558, 1926). Kaltenbach, A, B. 1955. Growing Pains. Proceedings, 28th Annual Confer- ence, Maryland-Delaware Water and Sewage Association, pp. 67-75. Karinew, A, E, 1959. Maryland Population; I63I-I73O: Numerical and Dis- tributional Aspects. Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. Sk, pp. 385. Keefer, C, E. 1950. Improvements at the Back River Sewage VJorks, Baltimore, Maryland. Proceedings, American Society of Civil Engineers, Separate No. 1, February. 122 Keefer, C. E. 1956. Bethlehem Makes Steel with Sewage. Wastes Engineering, Vol. 27, No. 7 J July, pp. 310-313. Keefer, C. E. 1962. Tertiary Sewage Treatment. Public Works, Vol. 93, No. 11, November, pp. 109-112, Part Ij No. 12, December, pp. 81-83, Part 2. Keefer, C. E. and Huston K. M. 1952. Corrosion Studies and the Use of Stainless Steel at the Back River Sewage Treatment Works, Baltimore, Md. Sewage and Industrial Wastes, Vol. 2k, No. 10, (Oct.) pp. 1209-1220. Keefer, C. E. and Kratz, Herman, Jr. 1930. The Influence of Chlorine on Sewage Sludge Digestion. Sewage Works Journal, Vol. 2, No. 3, (July), pp. 33b-3U6. Keefer, C. E. and Kratz, Herman. 1933. Digesting Sludge at 37 Degrees Centigrade. Sewage Works Journal, Vol. 5, No. 2, (March), pp. 262-266. Keller, 0. A, I963. Audubon Classes Travel to Conservation-Nature Areas. Soil Conservation, Vol. 28, No. 11, pp. 263-26U. Ketchum, B. H. 1951. The Exchange of Fresh and Salt Waters in Tidal Estuaries. Journal of Marine Research, Vol. No. , June. Knappen, Tibbetts, Abbett Engineering Company. 19^9. Report on the Port of Baltimore. Prepared for Baltimore Association of Commerce. Knox, C, E. 1956. Index of Surface-Water Records to September 30? 1955, Part 1, North Atlantic Slope Basins. Geological Survey Circular No. 381, 30 pp. Krewatch, A. V. 1957. Maryland Irrigation Survey Results Including Notes and Comments on Practices, Water Supply and Crops. Agricultural Engineer- ing Department, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland. Law, W. P., Jr. and Renfro, G. M., Jr. 1955. Water is Where the Irrigator Finds It. (in) Water, The Yearbook of Agriculture - 1955, U. S. Depart- ment of Agriculture, House Document No. 32, Sli-th Congress, 1st Session, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 333-3^0 Lentz, J. 1963. Estimation of Design Maximum Domestic Sewage Flow Rates. Special Report No. k of the Residential Sewerage Research Project to the Federal Housing Administration, The Johns Hopkins University, Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources Department, Baltimore, Maryland, May 30, 199 pp. Lohr, E. W., and Love, S. K. 195U. The Industrial Utility of Public Water Supplies in the United States, 1952. Part 1. States East of the Missi- ssippi River. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1299, U. S, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C, 639 pp. Lohr, E. W. and Love, S. K. 195U. The Industrial Utility of Public Water Supplies in the United States 1952. Part 2, States VJest of the Mississ- ippi River. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1300, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D, C, U62 pp. 123 Lortz, C, E. 1958. Baltimore's VJater Supply, Present and Future. The Johns Hopkins University, "The Vector," (November), pp. b, lU, 32, Loveless, B. G, I960, Financing Problems at North Beach. Proceedings, Annual Conference, Maryland-Delaware Water and Sev;age Association, pp. 16 - 21. Lugger, 0. 1877. Additions to the List of Fishes of Maryland. Rept. Comm. Fish. Md., pp. 57 - 9h, Lugger, 0. l878. Additions to the List of Fishes of Maryland. Report Comu). Fish. Md., pp. 107 - 125. Mack, F. K. 1962. Ground -Water Supplies for Industrial and Urban Develop- ment in Anne Arundel County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 26. MacKichan, K. A, 1951. Estimated Use of Water in the United States— 1950. Geological Survey Circular No. 115^ 13 pp. MacKichan, K. A. 1957. Estimated Use of Water in the United States, 1955. Geological Survey Circular 398, Washington, D, C, 18 pp. MacKichan, K. A, I96I. Water Use in the United States, I960. Journal, American Water Works Association, Vol. 53, No. 10, October, pp. 1211-1216, MacKichan, K. A, and Kammerer, J. C. I96I, Estimated Use of Water in the United States, I96O. Geological Survey Circular No. U56, u2 pp. Mansueti, Romeo- 1955. Maryland Natural Resources Bibliography; A guide to key vrorks dealing with the zoology'-, botany, geology, and related subjects. State of Maryland, Board of Natural Resources, Resources Study Report No, 7, April, 27 pp. Martin, R, 0. R. 1952. Surf ace-Water Resources, in Geology and Water Resour- ces in Prince George's County. Maryland. Department of Geolo^, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 10, pp. Sh - 8I, Martin, R. 0, R« 1953. The Surf ace-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of St. Mary's County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 11, pp. 1 - 15. Martin, R. 0. R. 195U. The Surf ace-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Howard and Montgomery Counties. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin lU, pp. lUO - 2i;6. Martin, R, 0. R, 1956. The Surface-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Baltimore and Harford Counties. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 17, pp. 129 - 219. Maryland Board of Natural Resources, 1955. Twelfth Annual Report, Annapolis, Maryland. 12U Maryland Board of Natural Resources. 1957. Fourteenth Annual Report. Annapolis, Maryland Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources. 19UU. Suminary of Surface Waters in Maryland and the Potomac River Basin. Baltimore, Maryland, Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources. 1956. Laws and Regulations for Drilling Water, Gas, and Oil Wells in Maryland. Baltimore, Maryland, 10 pp. Maryland Department of Health. I960. Annual Report. Division of Food Control, Baltimore, Maryland, (Unpublished), Maryland Department of Tidewater Fisheries. I960, Maryland Boat Act of i960 and Regulations. Pamphlet, Annapolis, Maryland, lU pp. Maryland General Assembly, 1955. An Act Authorizing the Anne Arundel County Sanitary Commission to Make-Long P^ange Studies Necessary for the Future Installation of Water and Sewerage Facilities. Laws of Maryland of 1955, Chapter 537, (House Bill 79h) , pp, 091. Maryland General Assembly. I962. Senate Joint Resolution, Requesting the State Planning Department to Study i^resent and Potential Sewage Problems in the Gunpowder River. Joint Resolution No. lU, Approved February 23, 1962. Maryland Geological Survey. 1911. Prince George's County. Baltimore, Md. Maryland Geological Survey. 1917, Anne Arundel County. Baltimore, Md. Maryland Geological Suarvey. 1929. Baltimore County. The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Maryland, ii20 pp. Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission. 1955. Census Tracts of Montgomery and Prince George's Counties, Bulletin No, h, 30 pp. Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission, 1956a, Master Plan for Schools, Parks, and Recreation for the Maryland-Washington Regional District. Silver Spring, Maryland. Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission. 1956b. Population Trends in Maryland — Washington District and Montgomery and Prince George's CountiesT Technical Bulletin No. 6, U6 pp. Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission. 1957. A General Plan for the Maryland-Washington Regional District, Washington, D. C, Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission. 1959. Community Resources in Montgomery and Prince George's Counties Maryland. Silver Spring, Maryland. 125 Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission. I96I. A Master Plan, Upper Rock Creek Watershed in Montgomery County, Maryland. Silver Spring, Maryland, 31 pp. Maryland Port Authority, I962, Guide, Port of Baltimore. Pamphlet, 11 pp. Maryland State Board of Health. 1951. Regulations Governing Public Swiimning Pools and Bathing Beaches. Baltimore, Maryland, April 26, 1951. Maryland State Planning Canmission. I9U0. State Planning 1939-19UO. Baltimore, Marylando Maryland. State Planning Commission. 1950. Development Plan for Patapsco River Valley Park, Baltimore, Maryland, Maryland State Planning Commission. 1958. Study for a Proposed Gunpowder River Valley Park System. Publication No, 99, Baltimore, Maryland. Mainland State Planning Department. I96I. Maryland Population, 1930-1960, by Election Districts, Cities and Towns. Baltimore, Maryland, April, 51 pp. Maryland State Planning Department, I96I, Future Administration of State of Maryland Water Resources Activities, Report to the Governor, March, Vol. 1, Report, 36 pp.; Vol 2, i^pendices, 137 pp. Maryland State Planning Deparlanent. 1962, Maryland County Economic Data Book. Fourth Revision, January 1, Baltimore, Maryland, 62 pp, Maryland State Planning Department. 1962, Maryland Manual of Coordinates, Publication No. 120, Baltimore, Maryland, 16B pp. Maryland Water Pollution Control Ccanmission. 1955. Biennial Report for the Fiscal Years 195U and 1955. Baltimore, Maryland, 20U pp. Maryland Water Pollution Control Commission, 1955. Regulation IV-A Baltimore Harbor Area. Approved and adopted by the Commission December lU, 1955, (Effective January 1, 1956). Maryland Water Pollution Control Ccanmission. 1957. Water Pollution Survey of the Patapsco River. Cooperative report by the Water Pollution Control CixniDlssion and the Department of Health, March 1, ii9 pp. Maryland Water Pollution Control Commission. 1958. Little Patuxent River Survey. Mimeographed report, prepared by E, C, Weber, Baltimore, Maryland, 19 pp. Maiyland Water Pollution Control Commission. 1959. Water Pollution Control Law. Pamphlet, Baltimore, Maryland, 22 pp, Maryland Water Pollution Control Commission, I96I, Water Pollution Control Law, Regulations and Policy, 196I. Annspolis, Maryland, 2U pp. 126 Maryland Water Pollution Control Coimnission, Undated. Water Pollution Control; Everybody's Business, Everybody's Job. Pamphlet, Baltimore, Maryland. Maryland Water Pollution Control Commission. 1955. Gwynns Falls; An Analysis of a Water Pollution Problem. Baltimore, Maryland. May. Maryland Water Resources Commission and the State Planning Commission. 19liO, Flow Data and Draft Storage Curves for Major Streams, 1929-1937. Baltimore, Maryland Massmann, W. H. 195U. Check List of the Fishes of Virginia Waters of Chesapeake Bay and Its Tidal Tributaries. Virginia Fish. Lab., Gloucester Point, Virginia, (mimeographed), lU pp. Massmann, W. H. 1957. New and Recent Records for Fishes in Chesapeake Bay. Copeia, No, 2, pp. 156-157. Massman, W. H. I960. Additional Records for New Fishes in Chesapeake Bay. Copeia, No. 2, p. 70. Mathews, E. B., and Watson, E. H, 1929. The Mineral Resources of Balti- more County, (in) Baltimore County. Maryland Geological Smrvey, The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 219-30U. Matthews, W. B., Jr. (Editor). 1963. Maryland Marine Facilities. Maryland Department of Tidewater Fisheries, Boating and Recreation Division, Pilot Edition, Annapolis, Maryland, 3U pp. McComas, James R, 1957. Evaluating Streams to Assimilate Sewage. Proceedings, Maryland-Delaware Water and Sewage Association, 30th Annual Conference, Ocean City, Maryland, pp. 13-23. McDaniel, W. N., and Wolf, E. E. 1953. A Method of Analysis of Annual Variations of Harbor Water and Earth Tonperatures . Power Apparatus and Systems, No, 9^ 13U7, December. McGary, J. W,, and Kinsman, B. 1953. A Bibliography of the Chesapeake Bay Area. Inshore Survey Interior Report XVIIlT Chesapeake Bay Insti- tute, The Johns Hopkins University, pp. 1-U5. McGee, J. 1887. The Geology of the Head of the Chesapeake Bay. U. S. Geological Survey, Seventh Annual Report, 1885-86, pp. 537-5ii6, McGuinness, C. L. 1951. Water Law, with Special Reference to Ground Vfater. Geological Survey Circular 117, 30 pp. McGuinness, C. L. I963, The Role of Ground Water in the National Situa- tion— VJith State Summaries based on Reports by District Offices of the Ground-Water Branch, Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1800, 1121 pp. 127 McKee, P. W. I963. Detergent Waste Control in Maryland. Industrial Water and Wastes, Vol. 8, No. k, July-August, pp. 20-22. McKewen, T. D. I963. Need for Developitient of Coimnunity Water Systems in Maryland,, Proceedings, 35th and 36th Annual Meetings, Maryland- Delaware Water and Pollution Control Association, pp. 18-25. McLean, T, 1917. A Preliminary Study of Climatic Conditions in Maryland as Related to Plant Growth. Maryland Weather Service, Special Publica- tion, Vol. IV, Pt. la, pp. 129-208, Meinzer, 0, E, 1939. Ground Water in the United States, a summary. U. S, Geological Survey Water Supply Paper, 836-D. Meyer, C. W, I96I, Administrative Approach to Sanitary Facilities in Land Development. Proceedings, 3Uth Annual Conference, Maryland-Delaware Water and Sewage Association, Ocean City, Maryland, pp. 80-86, Meyer, Gerald. 1952. Ground-Water Resources, in Geology and Water Resources of Prince George's County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 10, pp. 82-25Uo Meyer, G, 1957. Supplemental Irrigation in Maryland in 1957- (J. S, Department of the Interior Geological Survey, in cooperation with The Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, September, 2 pp. Meyer, Gerald, 1958. The Ground-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Carroll and Frederick Counties. Mciryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 22, pp. 1-228, Meyer, G. and Beall, R, M. 1958. The Water Resources of Carroll and Frederick Counties. Bulletin 22, Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and, V/ater Resources, Baltimore, Maryland, 355 pp. Mihursky, J, A, 1963« Patuxent River Estuary Study, with Special Reference to the Effects of Heated Steam Electric Station Condenser Water Upon Estuarine Ecologyo University of Maryland, Natural Resources Institute, Hallowing Point Station, mimeographed. Morse, D, 19il-7. Some Observations on Seasonal Variations in Plankton Population Patuxent River, Md., 19U3-19it5* Maryland Department of Research and Education, Publication No. 65, pp. 31. Morse, R. B,, and Wolman, A, 1929. Permanent Sources of Water Supply for those Sections of Maryland Near the District of Columbia. Hyattsville, Maryland, Nash, S. I9U7. Environmental Characteristics of a River Estuary, Journal of Marine Research, Vol, VI, No, 3, pp. lii7-17U, 128 National Capital Planning Commission. 1959. The Transportation Plan for the National Capital Region. Washington, D. C. Nelson, A. L. 1959 r The Patuxent Research Refuge. Laurel, Maryland, Newcombe, C. I9U0, A Physical. Chemical and Biological Investigation of the Layer of Low Oxygen Content of the Deeper Waters of the Chesa- peake Bay. Year Book of the American Philosophical Society, pp. 225-227. Newcombe, C. 19iiO, Studies of the Phosphorus Content of the Estuarine Waters of Chesapeake Bay. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. b3. No. 5, PP. 62I-63O. Newcombe, C, and Brust, F. I9UO0 Variations in the Phosphorus Content of Estuarine Waters of Chesapeake Bay near Solomons Island, Md, Journal of Marine Research, Vol. Ill, Non 1, pp. 76-85. Newcombe, C., and Home, W. A. 1938. Oxygen -Poor Waters of the Chesapeake Science, Vol. 88, No. 2273, PP. 80-81, Newcombe, C. L., Home, W. A., and Shepherd, B, B. 1939. Studies on the Physics and Chemistry of Estuarine Waters in Chesapeake Bay. Journal of Marine Research, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 87-116, Newcombe, C, and Lang, A. G. 1939. The Distribution of Phosphates in the Chesapeake Bay. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 81, No. 3, PP. 393-U20. Olson, R, A. I9UI. A Rapid Response Thermocouple Unit of High Sensitivity for the Determination of Temperature Stratification in Natural Waters. Publication No. kS, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Solomons Island, Maryland, 16 pp. Olson, R. A., Brust, H. F., and Tressler, W. L, I9UI. Studies of the Effects of Industrial Pollution in the Lower Patapsco River Area, Part 1 — The Curtis Bay Region. Chesapeake Biology Laboratory, Publica- tion No, U3, UO pp. Orr, Russell, and Others. 1956. Report of the Committee to Study Current Water Laws and Legal Principals Affecting Water Use in Maryland. (In) Water in Maryland, A Preliminary Report on the Water Resources in Mary- land, Special Commission to Study the Water Resources Problem in Maryland. Prepared at the Request of the General Assembly of Maryland, January, pp. 35 -U9. Otton, E. G, 1955. Ground-Water Resources of the Southern Maryland Coastal Plain. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 15. Otton, E. G. 1955. Memorandum Describing the Geology and Ground-Water Conditions in the Vicinity of Simpsonville, Maryland. Geological Survey, Open-file Report. 129 Otton, E, G. 1956. Memorandum Describing the Effect of a Proposed Increased Withdrawal of Ground Water from Aquifers at Sparrows Point. Geological Survey Open-File Report, Otton, E, G,, et al, 196U. Water Resources of the Baltimore Area^ Maryland. Geological Survey, Water Supply Paper No. Ili99-F. Overbeck, R. M. 19U8, Ground-Water Resources, in The Physical Features of Charles County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, pp. 13y-l8U . Overbeck, R. M. 1951. Ground-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Calvert County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 8, pp. h-9S* Palmer, C. M. 1958. Algae and Other Organisms in Waters of the Chesapeake Area. Journal, AWWA, Vol. 50, pp. 930-950. Paserew, I. A. 1950. Organization and Financing of Maryland Sanitary Districts., Journal American Water Works Association, Vol. Ii2, No, 2, pp. 118 - , Patapsco River Valley Commission. 19U6, A Study and Recommendations for the Recreational Development of the Patapsco River Valley Parkway. Prepared by the Technical Committee of the Patapsco River Valley Commission, May, 73 pp. Pennsylvania State University. 19 . Irrigation on Pennsylvania Farms. Bulletin 562. Pickard, J. P. 1959. Metropolitanization of the United States. Washington, D. C. Picton, W. L, 1959. Federal Program for Collection of Basic Data on Water Use. Journal, American Water Works Association, Vol. 51, No, 11, November, pp. Iii02 - . Pierce, R. W. I963. Developnent of a Detergent Policy. Proceedings, 35th and 36th Annual Meetings, Maryland-Delaware Water and Pollution Control Association, pp. 51-56, Pohmer, D. W. I9U8. A Study of Certain Agents Influencing the Hydrology of Baltimore Harbor. Master's Thesis, The Johns Hopkins University. Powell Engineers. 1957. Effect of Storage in Reservoirs on Water Quality. (in) Report to Tarrant County (.Texas) Water Control and Improvement District Number One on Quality of Potential Water Supplies for Fort Worth and Tarrant County. Sheppard T. Powell and Associates, Consulting Engineers, Baltimore, Maryland, pp, II-l to 11-17. 130 Powell Engineers. 1957. Quality of Potential Water Supplies for Fort Worth and Tarrant County (Texas). Sheppard T. Powell and Associates, Consulting Engineers, Baltimore, Maryland, 117 pp. Powell, S. T. 1956. Adaptation of Treated Sewage for Industrial Use. Presented at 129th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Dallas, Texas, April 9. Pritchard, D, 1950. Notes on the Dynamics of Estuarine Waters. Collo- quim on the Flushing of Estuaries, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, October, pp. U7 - « Pritchard, D. W. 1951. The Physical Hydrography of Estuaries and Some Applications to Biological Problems. Transactions of the 16th North American Wildlife Conference, Published by midlife Management Institu- te, Washington, D. C, pp. 368-376. Pritchard, D. W. 1952a. A Review of Our Present Knowledge of the Dynamics and Flushing of Estuaries. Chesapeake Bay Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Technical Report U, March, Ref, 52-7, U5 pp. Pritchard, D. W. 1952b. Estuarine Hydrography c Advances in Geophysics, Academic Press, New York, New York, Vol 1, pp« 2l;3-280. Pritchard, D. W. 1952c. Salinity Distribution and Circulation in the Chesapeake Bay Estuarine System. Journal of Marine Research, Vol, 11, No. 2, pp. 106-123. Pritchard, D. W. 195It. A Study of the Salt Balance in a Coastal Plain Estuary, Journal of Marine Research, Vol. 13. Pritchard, D. W. 1955. Estuarine Circulation Patterns. Proceedings, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 81, Separate No. 717, 11 pp. (Contribution No. 23, Chesapeake Bay Institute.) Pritchard, D. W, 1956. The Dynamic Structure of a Coastal Plain Estuary. Journal of Marine Research, Vol, 15, No. 1, pp. 33-h2, Pritchard, D, W.^ 1959. Estuarine Mixing and Dispersion. Proceedings, First International Conference on Waste Disposal in the Marine Environment, July 22-25, 1959, University of California, Berkeley, Calo Pritchard, D. W. I960. Problems Related to Disposal of Radioactive Wastes in Estuarine and Coastal Waters, Biological Problems in Water Pollution— Transactions of the 1959 Seminar, Robert A. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center, U. S. Public Health Service, Cincinnati, Ohio, pp. 23-32. Pritchard, D. W., and Bunce, R. E. 1959. Physical and Chemical Hydrography of the Magothy River. Technical Report XVII, Chesapeake Bay institute. The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, Reference 59-2, March. 87 pp. 131 Pritchard, D. W,, and Burt, W. V. 1951. An Inexpensive and Rapid Technique for Obtaining Current Profiles In Estuarine Waters. Journal Mar. Res., Vol, 10, No. 2, pp. 150-1«9. Pritchard, D, W. and Kent, R. E, 1956. A Method for Determining Mean Longitudinal Velocities in a Coastal Plain Estuary. Journal Marine Research, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 01-91. Public Health Service. 19ii6, Untreated Water Supplies in the United States, 19U3. Part 1; Alabania-4'lontana. A cooperative census by the Sanitary Engineering Divisions of the State Health Departments and the Public Health Service, Federal Security Agency, October, 19U6. Public Health Service. 19U8. Inventory of Water and Sewage Facilities in the United States, 19ii5. Federal Security Agency, USPHS, Cincinnati, Ohio, 19ii«. Public Health Service, 1951. Water Pollution in the United States. Water Pollution Series No. 1, Washington, D, C. Public Health Service. 1951. Summary Report on Water Pollution. North Atlantic Drainage Basins. Federal Security Agency, Public Health Service Publication No, IlT^" Water Pollution Series No, 10, Washington, D, C., 137 pp. Public Health Service. 1955, Inventory of Water Facilities for Larger Coimnunities ; Maryland, 195U. A Cooperative State-Federal Report. Maryland State Department of Health and Public Health Service, U. S, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Revised November 1955, 6 pp. Public Health Service, 1955. Municipal Water Facilities, Communities of 25,000 Population and Over, Continental United States As of December 31, 195UT U, S, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Division of Sanitary Engineering Services, Water Supply and Water Pollution Control Branch, 153 pp» Public Health Service. 1956. Municipal Water Facilities, Communities of 25,000 Population and Over, Continental United States As of December 31, 19557 U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Division of Sanitary Engineering Services, Water Supply and Water Pollution Control Branch, 153 pp. Public Health Service, 1958a, Digest of Water Pollution Control Legislation — ^Maryland, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, September, 9 pp. Public Health Service, 1958b, 1957 Inventory, Municipal and Industrial Waste Facilities, Region II, Delaware, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania. U. S, Department of HEW, Public Health Service Publication No. 622, Vol, 2, 362 pp. 132 Public Health Service. 1958c. 1957 Inventory, Municipal and Industrial Waste Facilities, Region III, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland^ North Carolina, Virginia, V/est Virginia, U. S. Department of HEW, Public Health Service Publication No. 622, Vol. 3, 196 pp. Public Health Service. 1959. Federal Programs for Collection of Data on Water Use. Notes on Hydrologic Activities, Bulletin No. 10, compiled by Public Health Service Under Auspices of Inter-Agency Committee on Water Resources, Washington, D. C, U3 PP. Public Health Service. 1960a. Municipal V/ater Facilities Inventory as of January 1, 1958. Region III, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Puerto RicoV and Virgin Islands. U. S. Department of HBif, Public Health Service Publication No. 775, Vol 3, 123 pp. Public Health Service. 1960b. Water Resources Activities in the United States — Pollution Abatement. Committee Print No. 9, Select Committee on National Water Resources, U. S. Senate, 86th Congress, 2d Session, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 38 pp. Public Health Service. 196la, Project Register. Projects Approved under Section 6 (Public Law 660, bUth Congress) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. U. S. Department of H, E. and W., Washington, D. C, June 30. Public Health Service. 1961b. Pollution -Caused Fish Kills in I960. U. S, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, Publication No. 8U7, Washington, D. C, 20 pp. Public Health Service. 196lc. Report of Pollution-Caused Fish Kills, January-June, 1961 t U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Division of W, S. and W.P.C., Basic Data Branch, Washington, D. C, July. Public Health Service. 1962. Drinking Water Standards. Public Health Service Publication No. 956, Washington, D. C, 1962, 61 pp. Quack enbush, T, H. 195U. Factors Influencing Irrigation in Humid Areas. Proceedings, A.S.C.E., Vol^ 80, Separate No, ii62, July, pp. 1-7. Quackenbush, T. H^ 1959. Storage for Irrigation Water in Humid Areas. Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, Proceedings, A.S.C.E., Vol. 85, No. IR3, Paper 2155, September, pp. U.-U7. Randall, L. E. 1961. Annotated Bibliography of Water-Use Data, I960. Geological Survey Circular No. U55, Hi PP^ Rasmus 3 en, W. C, and Slaughter, T. H. 1955. The Ground -Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Somerset, Wicomico and Worcester Counties. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 16, pp. 1-170, 197-U69. 133 Regester, R, T. 1956a, Report on Sewage Treatment Project for Laurel and Vicinity, Prepared for Washington Suburban Sanitary District, Baltimore, Maryland, Regester, R. T, 1956b, Report on the Joint Sanitary Sewerage Problem of Baltimore County and City of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, Regester, R, T, 1958. Report on Sewerage Relief Facilities for South- west Diversion and Outfall Sewer, City of Baltimore. Baltimore, Md, Reigner, I. C, and Sushko, W. C, I960, The Baltimore Watershed — An Example of Good Management, Public Works Magazine, Vol. 91, No. U, i^ril, pp. 85-80. Renn, C, E, 1962, An Analysis of Biological Effects to be Anticipated with the Discharge of Treated Domestic Sewage into the Severn and Magothy Rivers, (in) Patapsco-Magothy-Sevem Sewerage Report by Rummel, Klepper, and Kahl, Cons, Engrs,, prepared for Anne Arundel County Sanitary Com., April, 1962, pp, 33-36. Renn, C. E., O'Connor, J. T,, and Wintner, I. 1962. A Study of Silt Absorption of Radioactive Zinc and Iron. The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources, Interim Report, A. E.G. Contract AT( 30-1) -2536, April 30, Requardt, G, J,, Shaw, H. B,, and Wolman, Abel. 1953. Report to the City of Baltimore on Future Sources of Water Supply and Appurtenant Problem So Baltimore, Maryland, Requardt, G, J,, and Wolman, Abel. 19U2. Report to Public Improvement Commission of City of Baltimore on Future Sources of Water Supply. Public Improvement Commission, Baltimore, Maryland, January 2b, U6 pp, Reynolds, C, W, 1955. Irrigation of Truck Crops. Veg, Growers Assoc. Amer,, Annual Report, pp. 161-16U. Richardson, C, A. 1962. Chemical Character of the Water, in Ground-Water Supplies for Industrial and Urban Development in Anne Arundel County, Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources Bulletin 26, pp. 75-81. Rieck, H. H,, et al. 1956r. Water in Maryland. A Preliminary Report on the Water Resources Problem in Maryland. Special Commission to Study the Water Resources Problem in Maryland, prepared f^r the General Assanbly of Maryland. January, 1956, 50 pp, Rippl, W. 1883. The Capacity of Storage Reservoirs for Water Supply. Proceedings, Institute of Civil Engineers, Vol. 71. Ritter, R. H. 1963o Development of Water and Sewerage Facilities for Joppatowne, Md. Proceedings, 35th and 36th Annual Meetings, Maryland- Delaware Water and Pollution Control Association, pp. 68-77. 13U Ruimnel, Klepper, and Kahl, (Consulting Engineers). 1956. Patuxent River Basin . Baltimore, Maryland. Runimel, Klepper, and Kahl, (Consulting Engineers). 1962. Patapsco- Magothy-Severn Report. Report to Sanitary Coimnission, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, April, l6l pp. Sale, J, W., and Skinner, W. W. 1917. The Vertical Distribution of Dissolved Cbcygen and the Precipitation by Salt V/ater in Certain Tidal Areas. Franklin Institute Journal, Vol. IdU, (Dec), pp. 537-5^8. Salley, Bruce, I963. Proceedings, 36th Meetint^ Chesapeake Bay Section. In Minutes of the 22nd Annual Meeting, Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Cominission, Boston, Mass., September 2U-26, I963, pp. Jl-Jh. Schaeffer, H. F. 1931. A Review of Problems in Maryland, Created by the Drought of 1930. Proceedings, Fifth Annual Conference, Maryland- Delaware Water and Sewage Association, Wilmington, Delaware, pp. 38-70. Schaut, G. G. 1939. Fish Catastrophes During Drought. Journal, AWWA, Vol, 31, No. 5, pp. 771-833r ~ Scheldt, M. E. 19ii5. Potential Areas for the Selection of a Bayside State Park aond Demon stFati on Area. Maryland State Planning Gomnissionj Publication No, U6, August, Baltimore, Maryland. Scheltema, R. S<> and Truitt, R. V, 1951;. Ecological Factors Related to the Distribution of Bankia Gouldi Bartsch'in" Chesapeake Bay. Publica- tions Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Maryland Department of Research and Education, No. 100, pp. 3-31, Schwartz, F. J. i960. Recent Additions to the Upper Chesapeake Bay Fish Fauna. Cliesapeake Science, Vol, I, No, 3, 210-212, Schwartz, F. J. I963. The Barrelfish from Chesapeake Bay and the Middle Atlantic Bight, With Comments on its Zoogeography, Chesapeake Science. Vol. U, No, 3, September, pp. lh1-lU9, Shattuck, G. B. 190?. Calvert County. Maryland Geological Survey. Balti- more, Maryland. Shaw, H„ Bo 19U5. Municipal Water Works Organization in Marvland. Journal American Water Works Association, Vol. 37, lio, 9. ~ Shingledecker, C. W. 1957. Sewage Effluent as Industrial Water. In Air and Water Pollution in the Iron and Steel Industry, The iron and Steel Institute, Special Report No, 61, London, pp. I87-I9I. Shreve, Forrest, and Others. I9IO. Plant Life in Marvland. Maryland Weather Service, Special Publication, Vol. Ill, ' 135 Sieling, Fred, 19U8» Effects of Pollution at Baltimore on pH and Oxygen Content of Water. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, unpublished manuscript, Silberman, Henry. 1958, Gunpowder Falls Report on Program to Control Pollution from Industrial Sources. State of Maryland, Water Pollution Control Commission, mimeographed, 18 pp. Silberman, Henry. 1962, 1962 Supplement to the Gunpowder Falls Report. State of Maryland, Water Pollution Control Commission, mimeographed, U pp. Singewald, J, Jr. 1920, Report on the Curtis Bay Water Supply for the United States Industrial Alcohol CompanyT December ti, (Cited by Geyer, 195 ^ Singev/ald, J, T., Jr, 19U5, Conservation of Water Resources and Its Progress in Maryland. Journal, American Water Works Association, Vol, 37, No, 3, March, pp. 280-288. Singewald, J. T,, Jr» 19U5, Maryland Stream Flow Records, Educational Series No, 9, Department of Research and Education. Board of Natural Resources, State of Maryland, May, 16 pp. Singewald, J. T,, Jr. 1957. Water Law in Eastern United States — A Symposium, Maryland. Journal, American Water Works Association, Vol. 1|9. No, 6, June, pp. 720-729. Singewald, J. T,, Jr., et al, 19Ui. Summary of Records of Surface Waters of Maryland and the PotOTiac River Basin, 1893-19^437 Maryland Department of Geology, Mines, and Water Resources, Bulletin 1, 296 pp. Singewald, J. T, Jr., and others, 1956, The Water Resources of Maryland in Water in Maryland. Prepared at the Request of the General Assembly of Maryland, by the Special CcHimission to Study the Water Resources Problem in Maryland, January, pp, 21-29. Staith, N, L,, and Kaltenbach, A. B, 1950, Maryland Sanitary Districts- Methods of Financing. Journal American Water Works Association, Vol, U2, No, 2, pp. 123. Soil Conservation Service. 1952, Community Watershed Soil and Water Conservation Work Plan for Triadelphia Lake, Frederick, Howard, and Montgomery Counties, Maryland, United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Northeastern Region, for Howard and Montgomery Soil Conservation Districts, Special Commission to Study the Water Resources Problan in Maryland. 1956. Water in Maryland, A Preliminary Report on the Water Resources Problem in Maryland. Prepared at the Request of the General Assembly of Maryland, January. 136 stabler, E. K. 19^3. Your Water Supply. The Washington Suburban Sani- tary Commission, Hyattsville, Maryland, 9 pp. Steenis, J. H., Stotts, V. D., and Gillette, C. R. I962. Observations on Distribution and Control of Eurasian Watermilfoil in Chesapeake Bay, 1961. Proceedings, 16th Annual Meeting Northeastern Weed Control Conference, January 3-5, New York, New York, 7 pp. Stegmaier, R, B. I9U0. Manganese in the Loch Raven Reservoir near Balti- more, Maryland. Masters Thesis, The Johns Hopkins University, 1940. Stem, Harry, 19li2. Progress Report on Pollution Studies -if the Patapsco River. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Solomons Island, Maryland, April, Stem, H., and Davis, C. C. 19U8. Pollution Studies in the Patapsco River. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Solomons Island, Maryland, June, Streeter, H. W. 1933. Water Purification Studies. Public Works, Vol, 6k, No. 6, June, pp. 12- . Stroup, E. D., Pritchard, D. W,, and Carpenter, J« H. I96I, Final Report, Baltimore Harbor Study. Chesapeake Bay Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Technical Report XXVI, Reference 6l-$, December, 79 pp. Sutton, J. G, 195U. Drainage in the Humid Areas of the United States. Proceedings, American Society of Civil Engineers, Irrigation and Drainage Division, Vol. 80, Separate No. U60, I8 pp. Thomas, N. Ou, and Harbeck, G. E,, Jr. 1956. Reservoirs in the United States. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper I36O-A, 99 PP« Tiller, R. E., and Coker, CM. 1955. Effects of Naval Ordnance Tests on the Patuxent River Fishery. U. S. Depsirtment of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Special Scientific Report, Fisheries No, lh3f January, Washington, D. C. Truitt, R. V. 1929. Oyster Problem Inquiry of Chesapeake Bay, Sixth Annual Report of the Conservation Department of the State of Maryland, 1928, pp. 25-63. Truitt, R. V, 1930, Chesapeake Biological Inquiry, 1929. Seventh Annual Report of the Conservation Department of the State of Maryland, 1929> pp. 39-69. Truitt, R. V. 1931. Recent Oyster Researches on Chesapeake Bay in Maryland. Maryland Department of Research and Education, Contribution No, 3, pp. 28. Truitt, R. V, 1936, Report of Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 1936. Maryland Department of Research and Education, Contribution No, 8, pp. 27. 137 Truitt, R. V. 1937. Report of Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 1937. Maryland Department of Research and Education, Contribution No, 22, pp. 21. Truitt, R. V. 1939. Report of the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 1938. Maryland Department of Research and Education, Contribution No, 30, pp, 19. Truitt, R. V, I9U0. Report of the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 1939. Maryland Department of Research and Education, Contribution 3U, pp. 23. Truitt, R, V, 19iil. Annual Report, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, I9U0. Maryland Department of Research and Education, Contribution No, UO, pp. 30, Truitt, R. V. 19it2, Annual Report, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 19^1. Maryland Department of Research and Education, Publication No, U7. Truitt, R. v., and Algire, G. W. 1931. The Eighth Annual Report of the Conservation Department of the State of Maryland for 1930. Truitt, R. v., B. A, Bean, and H. W. Fowler. 1929. The Fishes of Maryland. Md. Cons. Dept. Cons, Bulletin 3: 1-120, Uhler, P. Ro and 0. Lugger, I876, List of Fishes of Maryland. Rept, CoBwi, Fish, Maryland, January 1, 1576, pp, 67-176, U. S, Department of Agriculture, 1957. Number of Farms by States, 1910-56, Revised Estimates. U. S, Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Market- ing Service, Crop Reporting Board, Washington, D. C, November. U. S, Department of Agriculture, I963. Agricultural Statistics, I963. Government Printing Office, Washington, D, C, 7U1 pp, U, S, House of Representatives, I96I, Governmental Structure, Organiza- tion and Planning in Metropolitan AreasT Committee on Government Opera- tions, Report A-5> Ccmmittee Print, 07th Congress, 1st Session, July, 83 pp. U, S, Senate, I960. Water Resources Activities in the United States — Views and Comments of the StatesT Committee Print No, 6, Senate Select Committee on National Water Resources, 86th Congress, 2d Session, I4I6 pp. University of California. 1956, Proceedings, Conference on Recreational Use of Impounded Water. Richmond, California, Deconber 13-lU, 1956, issued by Committee on Research in Water Resources, University of Cali- fornia, 115 pp. Ifolverslty of Maryland. 19hO, Maryland— A Guide to the Old Line State, New York, New York, University of Maryland, 19U7. Building Activities in Maryland and Vicinity. Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Econom- ics, Vol, 1, No. 3j December. 138 University of Maryland. 19ii8. Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol, 2, No. 1, June, University of Maryland. 19U9. Harford County, Maryland. Bureau of Business and Econanics, Studies in Business and Econcanics, Vol. 3, No, 3, Decanber. University of Maryland. 19U9. Baltimore; Some Econcgnic Indicators. Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol, 2, No, h, March. University of Maryland. 1950. Metropolitan Washington after 1$0 Years, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol. U, No. 1, June. University of Maryland. 1951. Baltimore in Export Trade, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol, S, No, 2, Septenber. University of Maryland. 1951. Baltimore in Import Competition. Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol. 5, No. 3, Decanber, Iftiiversity of Maryland, 1952, Baltimore in Coastwise Trade, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and EconOTiics, Vol, 6, No. 2, September, University of Maryland. 1952. Maryland Economic Indices. Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Econcanics, Vol, 6, No, 3) December. University of Maryland. 195U. Southern Maryland; A Tobacco Econcmy, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Econcanics, Vol. 7, No, h, March, University of Maryland, 1955. Trends and Development in Irrigation in Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication No, 2Uii (October) . University of Maryland. 1958, Howard County; Some Econcanic Observations. Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol. 11, No. k, March, University of Maryland, 1959. Baltimore County; Some Aspects of Change, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol, 13, No, 1, June. University of Maryland. I960. Bnployment and Earnings in Maryland Fisheries. Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Econcanics, Vol, Hi, No, 3, December, 139 University of Maryland, 1961, Retaining Open Spaces in Maryland. Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol. 15, No. 1, June, University of Maryland. 1961. Tidewater Maryland Development Problems. Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Studies in Business and Economics, Vol. 15, No. 2, September, 22 pp. Van Deusen, R, D, 1953. A Simplified Technique for Classifying Streams Useful in Fishery and Related Resource Management. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, Vol. , No, , January, pp. lii-19. Van Eiigel, W. A. 19U8. References Bearing on the Hydrography of Chesapeake Bay and its TributariesT Special Report, Virginia Fisheries Laboratory, No, 2, October, 13 pp. Velz, C, J. 193^. Influence of Tgnperature on Coagulation. Civil Engineering, Vol, U, pp, 3U5- • Viessman, W, and Geyer, J, C. 1961, The Characteristics of the Inlet Hydrograph, Presented before the 10th Hydraulics Division Conference of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, August 17, 1961. Vokes, H. E. 1957. Geography and Geology of Maryland. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 19, 2ii3 pp. Walburg, C. H,, and Sykes, J, E, 1957. Shad Fisheries of Chesapeake Bay with Special Emphasis on the Fishery of Virginia. Fish and Wildlife Service Research Report b, 26 pp., U. S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C. Wallace, D, H« 19hO, Sexual Developnent of the Croker, Micropogon Undulatua, and the fllatribution of Early Stages in Chesapeake Bay. Transactions American Fisheries Society, VolT 70, pp. U75-U82. Warner, G. S. I96O, What An Industry Can Do In Controlling Wastes, Proceedings, Thirty-third Annual Conference, The Maryland-Delaware Water and Sewage Association, pp. 10-15. Washington Board of Trade, 1958a, It's a Capital Idea to Locate Your Business in the Washington Area, Washington, D, C, Washington Board of Trade, 1958b. Metropolitan Area Population Estimates. Washington, D. C. Washington Board of Trade. 1959. Economic Development and the Future of Greater Washington. Washington, D. C, lliO Washington Suburban Sanitary District, 1939. Patuxent River Water Supply - Comparative Cost Analysis of Storage Projects at Dam Sites 1, U> and 77 » Hyattsville, Maryland Washington Suburban Sanitary District. 1959. Annual Report. Hyattsville, Md, Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission, I960. Your Water Supply. Hyattsville, Maryland, 8 pp. Water Resources Ccoinission of Maryland. 1933. Recomjfiendatione as to Policy, Legislation and Method of Financing for the Preservation of the Water Supply Resources of the State of Maryland. Prepared for the General Assembly of Maryland, January, 91 pp« Water Resources Canmission and State Planning Commission of Maryland. 19U0. Flow Data and Draft Storage Curves for Major Streams 1929-1937, Baltimore, Maryland, May. Water Resources Committee of the National Resources Goiranittee. 1937. Drainage Basin Ccamnittee Report for the Chesapeake Bay Drainage Basins, Numbers 10 to 13« Upper Chesapeake, Potomac, Lower Chesapeake, James, 36 pp. Weather Bureau. 19ii7. Map No, hj Susquehanna and Delaware River Basins. Federal Inter-agency River Basin Comra., Subcommittee on Hydrologic Data, Prepared under supervision of U. S. Weather Bureau. (Location of precipi- tation, tonp, evaporation, meteorological stations, river gages for various drainage basins,) Weber, E. C, 1958. Little Patuxent River Survey. Maryland Water Pollution Control Commission, mimeographed, Baltimore, Maryland, 19 pp. Weiss, C, M, 1950, Removal of Escherichia coli from Estuarine Waters by Absorption on and Flocculation of Silts o Doctorate Dissertation, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, Weiss, C. M, 1951, Absorption of E. Coli on River and Estuarine Silts, Sewage and Industrial Wastes, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 227-237. Wells, R. C, Bailey, R. K., and Henderson, E. P. 1929. Salinity of the Waters of Chesapeake Bay. In Shorter Contributions to General Geology, 1928, U. S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Professional = Paper 15U-C, pp. 105-152. Whaley, H, H. and Hopkins, J. C. 1952. Atlas of the Salinity and Tanpera- ture Distribution of Chesapeake Bay, 19U9-1951. Chesapeake Bay Institute, Graphical Summary Report 1, March. White, E. H,, and others. 1956. Memorandum on Domestic, Industrial, and Agricultural Water Requirements in the State of Maryland. Sub-committee on Beneficial Uses of V/ater, Special Commission to Study the Water Resources Problem in Maryland, Prepared at the Request of the General Assembly of Maryland, January, pp. 31-3U, 111 VBiitman, Requardt, and Associates. 19$8, Howard County Sewerage Report, Baltimore, Maryland Whitman, Requardt, and Associates. 1958, Report on the Back River Neck Peninsula Sewerage System. Baltimore, Maryland. Whitman, Requardt, and Associates. 1961, Harford County Water and Sewerage Report. Consulting Engineering Report to Harford County Metropo- litan Commission. Williams, C, E. 1958, Industries Seeking More Fresh Water. The Sun, Friday Morning, Nov, 2b, 1958. Williams, C, E, I960. City, County Water Lines Grow. The Sun, Baltimore, Sunday Morning, April 3« Section C. p. lU, Wllliama, G, R, and Others. 19i;0. Natural Water Loss in Selected Drainage Basins, U, S. Geological Survey, Water Supply Paper No. 81;6, 62 pp. vailis, M. J., and Others, 1955, A Study of Methods of Financing Water Systqo Extensions, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources, "Kie Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, Winslow, Francis. 1881. Appendix No, 11, Report for l88l, U. S, Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, D. C. Wiseman, J, W, 1955» Potential Conflicts Between Supplonental Irrigation and Pollution Abatonent ProgramsT Sewage and Industrial Wastes, Vol, 27, No, 11, November, pp, 128I|, Wolfe, J, J., Cunningham, B., and Others, 1926. An Investigation of the Microplankton of Chesapeake Bay. Journal, Elisha Mitchell Scioitific Society, Vol, U2, Nos, 1 and 2, pp, 25-51; • Wolff, J,, and Whiteford, R, A, 1958. Protecting Baltimore City Watersheds, Proceedings 31st Annual Conference, The Maryland-Delaware Water and Sewage Association, pp, 5-'10. Wollman, N, I960, A Preliminary Report on the Supply and Demand for Water in the United States as Estimated for 1980 and 2000. Water Resource Activities in the United States, Cc»nmittee Print No. 32, Select Ccaranittee on National Water Resources, U. S. Senate, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C, 131 pp, Wolman, Abel. 1939. Preliminary Memorandum on First Steps for Development of Additional Water Supply for the Washington Suburban Sanitary District. Baltimore, Maryland. Wolman, Abel, 19Ul, Bethlehem Steel Company, Sparrows Point, Maryland — Preliminary Report on Water Supply. Confidential Report, March 10, (Cited by Geyer, 1952,) lli2 Wolman, Abel. 19it8. A Water Supply for the Washington Suburban Sanitar;y- District. Baltimore, Maryland. Wolman, Abel. 19U3. Industrial Water Supply frcan Processed Sewage Treat- ment Plant Effluent at Baltimore, Maryland. Sewage Works Journal, Vol. 20, No. 1, January, pp. 15-21. Wolman, A., et al, 1933. Reconmendations as to Policy, Legislation and Methods of Financing for the Preservation of the Water Supply Resources of the State of Maryland.' Report by the Water Resources Commission of Maryland to the General Assembly of Maryland (January), 91 pp. Wolman, Abel, et al, 19U2. Report to Baltimore Ccanroiasion on City Plan — Present and Proposed Physical Facilities. Baltimore, Maryland. Wolman, A., Geyer, J. C, and Beavin, B. E. 1961, Patuxent Regional Sewage Report. Prepared by the Board of Consultants for the State of Maryland, Department of Health and other agencies, Baltimore, Maryland, 113 pp. Wolman, A., Geyer, J. C, and Pyatt, E. E, 1957* A Clean Potomac River in the Washington Metropolitan Area, Interstate Commission on the Poto- nac River Basin, Washington, D. C, October. Wolman, A, and Powell, S. T, 1919. Sanitary Effect of Water Storage in Open Reservoirs. Engineering News-Record, Vol. 83, No, IB, Oct. 30- Nov, 6, 1919, pp. 781 - . Wolman, A. and Stegmaier, R, B., Jr. 19hO, Manganese in the Loch Raven Reservoir. Journal, A, W, W. A., Vol, 32, No. 12, December, pp. 2015- • Wolman, M, G. and Leopold, L. B. 1957. River Flood Plains; Same Obser- vations on Their Formation. Geological Survey Professional Psper 282-C, pp. 87 - 109. Works Progress Administration. 1936. Comprehensive Report on the Upper Chesapeake Bay Drainage Basin. W.P.A. Cooperating with the Maryland State Planning Ccmnnission, Unpublished. Yates, C. C, 1911. Survey of Oyster Bars in Charles County, Maryland. U, S» Coast and Geodetic Survey, 62 pp. Yates, C. C. 1913. Survey of the Oyster Bars of Maryland, 1906-1912. Maryland Shellfish Commission, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, and U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. Yates, C, C. 1911. Survey of Oyster Bars, St. Mary's County, Maryland. U, S. Coast and Geodetic Surv^, 203 pp. Zelinski, J. W. 1956. Little Patuxent and Patuxent River, Anne Arundel County, Sewerage Stream Survey. Unpublished Report, State Department of Health, Baltimore, Maryland. 1U3 ADDENDA Bibliography Advisory Comrnission on Intergovernmental Relations. 1962, Intergovernmental Responsibilities for Water Supply and Sewage Disposal in Metropolitan Areas. Report A-13, October/ Washington, D, C./l35pp« American Water Works Association. 1963. Status of Fluoridation in the United States and Canada. I96I. Task Group 2620P Report. Journal American Water Works Association, Vol, 55, No. 5, May, pp. 571 - 580, American Water Worics Association. I96U. Fluoridation i" the 25 Largest Cities of the United States. Journal, A.W.W.A., Vol. 56, No. 3, March, p. 296, Anonymous, 1958 • Both Irrigation and Drainage Needed in Humid Areas. Civil Engineering, Vol. 2B, No, 11, pp. B75 - I Anonymous. 1959. Tips and Quips, Boat Pollution Control. Sewage and Industrial Wastes, Vol, 31, No, 10, pp, 123U, Anonymous, 1961;, Health-Zoned Lots; Maryland Tightens Up Its Septic Tank Regulations, Engineering News-Record, Vol. 172, No. b, February 20, pp. 2i4. Baltimore Association of Commerce. 1959. Keys to Progress-Baltimore. Baltimore, Maryland, Baltimore County Board of Education. 1953. Baltimore County, Its People and Progress, Towson, Maryland, Baltimore County Planning Ccmnission, 1951. Population Data. Towson, Md, Baltimore Department of Public Works. 1958. Annual Report to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, Baltimore Department of Public Works, 1959, Annual Report to the Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland. Baltimore Regional Planning Council, 1958, Regional Sewerage Problems in Relation to Proposals for Providing Sewers and Sewage Disposal for How'S'd County, Minutes of Meeting, Baltimore, Maryland. Baltimore Regional Planning Council. 1959a. The Baltimore Region — A Look at the Future, Planning Report No. 1, Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore Regional Planning Council, 1959b, Regional Land Use. Technical Report No. 1, Baltimore, Maryland. 2hh Baltimore Regional Planning Council. 1959c, Industrial Land Development. Technical Report No» 2, Baltimore, Maryland. Baltimore Regional Planning Council. 1959d, Freeway Plan. Technical Report No. 3, Baltimore, Maryland, Baltimore Regional Planning Council, I960, Open Spaces. Technical Report No. 5, Baltimore, Maryland, Behn, V. C, Fuhrman, R. E,, Gloyna, E. F., Goodell, B. C, and Shehadi, F. I, 1951, Industrial Water Supply for the South Baltimore Area. Advanced Seminar in Sanitary Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Resources, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, June, 36 pp. Bennett, R. R, 19Uii. Ground-Water Resources at the Naval Establishments in the Solomons-Patuxent River Area, MarylandT Geological Survey, Open- file Report. Bureau of the Census, 1962, United States Census of Population — I960, U, S. Departanent of Commerce, Washingtor^ D, C, Burt, W, V, 1953. Extinction of U-ght by mter Paaaing Hatter in Chesa- peake Bay Waters. Science, Vol, IIB, October 2, pp, 3o6-30t. Carpenter, J, H. 1959. Progress Report, Baltimore Harbor Study. Chesapeake Bay Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Reference 59-1, February, 20 pp. Carritt, D. E., and Goodgal, S. H, 1953. The Sorptive and Zeolitic Pro- perties of Natural Waterbome Silts, with Relation to Their Capacities" to Remove, Transport, Concentrate, and Regenerate Radioactive Waste Ccmponents in Natural Watera., Final Report, Contract AT(30-l)-9ii6, T.O.C., The Johns Hopkins Ifaiversity, October, Chesapeake Bay Institute. 1953. Patuxent River Cruises, 1952, Data Report 16, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, Chesi^peake Bay Institute. 19Sh» Patuxent River Cruises, 1952. Data Report 23, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Chesapeake-Potomac Study Commission, 19U6. Report on Fish and Shellfish in the Chesapeake Bay and Potomac River with Recommendations for Their Future Management. C. 0. Geolrick, Chaiman, et al. Press of the Daily Recoi5 Company, Baltimore, January 7, 68 pp. Coast and Geodetic Survey, 19U0 (Revised 19U5). Density of Sea tfctter at Coast and Geodetic Survey Tide Stations, Atlantic and Gulf CoastsT U. S. Department of Commerce, Publication DW-1, 23 pp. — — — Coast and Geodetic Survey. 19UU (Revised 19U7), Surface Water Temperatures at Coast and Geodetic Survey Tide Stations, Atlantic and Gulf CoastsT U. S. Department of Commerce, Coast and Geodetic Survey, Publication IW-l, pp. 2U. 1U5 Coast and Geodetic Survey. 1955. Current Diagram — Chesapeake Bay. U. S. Department of Cominerce, Current Diagrain No. 2* Corps of Engineers. 1913* Patuxent River* 62nd Congress, 3rd Session, House of Representatives, Docvsnent No. 1266. Corps of Qigineers. 1930. Patuxent River Basin (in) River and Harbors. Congressicaial Documents, 7lst Congress, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C, pp. 3Ul-^68. Darling, J. M. 1959. Floods in Maryland, Magnitude and Frequency. U. S. Geological Survey, Open-file Report, College Park, Maryland, October, 9 pp. Darton, N, H. 1939. Gravel and Sand Deposits of Eastern Maryland. U, S. D^artment of the Interior, Geological Survey Bulletin 906-A, U2 pp. Davis, R. K. 196ii. Water Supply Economics in the Potomac River Basin. Journal, A.W.W.A., Vol. 56, No. 3, March, pp. 257-266. Durfor, C. N., and Becker, Edith. 196U. Selected Data on Public Supplies of the 100 Largest Cities in the Ifaited States, 19^27 Journal, A.W.W.A., Vol. 56, No. 3, March, pp. 237-2i|6. Fassett, N. C, 1928, The Vegetation of the Estuaries of Northeastern North America. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 39, No. 3, PP» 73-130. Fennaman, N. M, 1928, Physiograptd.c Divisions of the U. S. Ann. of the Assn. of American Geograpliers, vol, 18, pp. 26U-353. Geological Survey. 1909. Estimates of Mean Rate of Contribution of Water to Qiesapeake Bay by Various Drainage Basins. Water Supply Paper 23U, pp. S^ Geological Sorvey, 19ii7. Surface Water Supply of the United States, 19U5| Part 1, North Atlantic Slope Basins. U. S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey Water Supply Ps^er 1031* Hall, A« J, 1963. The Naval Academy Water System. Proceedings, 35th and 36th Annual Meetings, Maryland-Delaware Water and Pollution Control Association, pp. 57-61. Harvey, Alexander, II. 1956. Letter of Assistant Attorney General to Mr. Robert M. Brown, Chief, Bureau of Environmental Hygiene, State Department of Health (inj Future Administration of State of Maryland Water Resources Activities. Appendix t). Attachment Report to the Governor, State Planning Department, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 59-61, House and Home Finance Agency. I963. Minimum Design Standards for Ccanmunity Sewerage i^stems. Publication No. 720, Washington, D. C, Koch, R. W. 1963* Groxindwater Pollution in Montgomery County, Maryland. Proceedings, 35th and 36th Annual Meetings, Maryland-Delaware Water and Pollution Control Association, pp. 78-85. 11^6 Lear, D. W, 1962. Growth of Coliform Bacteria in Estuarlne Waters. Chesapeake Science, Vol. 3> No. , pp. l6o - , Manner, H. A, 1927. Tidal Datum Planes. U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Special Publication No, 135, 1U2 pp. Martin, R. 0. R., and Hulme, A, E. 1957. Surface Water (in) The Water Resources of North Delaware. Delaware Geological Survey, Bulletin No. 6, Vol. 1, Newark, Delaware, pp. 35-77. Maryland Coromission on Post-War Reconstruction and Development. 19U5« Maryland Post-War Public Works Program. Publication No. U, Baltimore, Maryland, 53 PP. Maryland Crop Reporting Service. 1963. Cash Receipts for Farm Marketings, Maryland, I96I and 1962. Office of Agricultural Statistician, College Park, Maryland, October 25, 1963, 2 pp. Maryland Crop Reporting Service. I963. Maryland Agricultural Statistics. Maryland State Board of Agriculture, Department of Markets, Publication No. h, June, College Park, Maryland, k3 PP» Maryland Crop Reporting Service, I96I4. Maryland Annual Crop Summary — 1963. Office of Agricultural Statistician, College Park, Maryland, Januaiy 3, 2 pp. Maryland State Planning Commission. 1952. A Master Plan, Maryland State Parks and Recreation Areas. Baltimore, Maryland, June, Maryland State Department of Health and Maryland Water Pollution Control Commission. I96O. Water-Quality Survey and Study Program. Baltimore, and Annapolis, Maryland, U pp. O'Connor, J. T., Renn, C. E., and Wintner, I. I96I1.. Zinc Concentrations in Rivers of the Chesapeake Bay Region. Journal, A.W.W.A,, Vol. 56, No. 3, March, pp. 260-2B6. Pennsylvania State Planning Board, I963. The Population of Pennsylvania, Projections to I960. Estimates by County for 1965 and 1970, 1975, 19^0 by Age, Sex, and Race. Projections Developed by Temple University, Office of Research and Specialized Services, June, 1963, 190 pp. Public Service Research. 196ii. Directory of Investor-Owned Water Utilities. Plainfield, N. J, Washington Suburban Sanitary District. I96U. General Plan of Trunk Sewers. Hyattsville, Maryland. Washington Suburban Sanitary District. I96U. General Plan of Water Supply System. Hyattsville, Maryland. Wiley, R. B., and Howland, W, E, 19h7. Stream Pollution Abatement Standards Require Economic Justification. Civil Engineering, Vol. 17, No. 9, Sept., pp. - (Abstract: Sewage Works Journal, Vol, 20, No, 1, January, pp,i:53-i8ir7r 1U7 APPEi'jDIX A DIST/iNCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRillNAGE ABEliS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS See Description of Appendices (Appendix A) in the General Reference Section for a narrative discussion of this material. Appendix A CHESAPEAKE BAY, VfflSTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN SUB-BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries Xfroin Concord Point-it- to Rickett Point-iHi-) DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCxiTIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 i; 5 ^~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 E 5 5~ CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Swan Creek Swan Creek Car sins Run Car sins Run Swan Creek Swan Creek Swan Creek Swan Creek Swan Creek Swan Creek Swan Creek Swan Creek Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Swan Creek Swan Creek Gasheys Creek Gasheys Creek Swan Creek Swan Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Spesutie Narrows Spesutie Narrows Dipper Creek Dipper Creek Dipper Creek Spesutie Narrows Spesutie Narrows Woodrest Creek Woodrest Creek Woodrest Creek Woodrest Creek Woodrest Creek Spesutie Narrows 192«8/Head of Chesapeake Bay, Western Shore, at Concord Pt, Lighthouse, mouth of Susque- hanna River, Havre de Grace, Harford County, Maryland 192,6/Town Boundary, Havre de Grace, Md, 188,1/Mouth of Swan Creek /Head of Swan Creek 6,7/Mouth of Car SMS Eun /Head of Carsins Run OoO/Mouth of Carsins Run 6,7/Mouth of Carsins Run l4.9/Bridge, B. 0. Railroad U»8/Bridge, U. S, Highway Uo (Pulaski Hwy) l4e8/Gaging Station at Swan Creek, Md. (D. A. 13«2) UcTS/Bridge, Pennsylvania Railroad I|..6/Bridge, Maryland Highway 22 3c5/0utfall, (3 plants) Aberdeen 3ol/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary /Head of Unnamed Tributary 0,Ii/outfall, Sewage Disposal Plant OoO/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 3.l/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 2,8/Mouth of Gasheys Creek /Head of Gasheys Creek OoO/Mouth of Gasheys Creek 2,8/Mouth of Gasheys Creek O„0/Mouth of Swan Creek l88,a/Mouth of Swan Creek I87o0/Outfall, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Training Center 18608/Outfall, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Pusey Plant iSUo^/Mouth of Spesutie Narrows 3nO/Kead of Spesutie Narrows 2o9/Mouth of Dipper Creek /Head of Dipper Creek OTn/Outfall, Sewage Disposal Plant OoO/Mouth of Dipper Creek 2o9/Mouth of Dipper Greek lo2/Mouth of Woodrest Creek /Head of Woodrest Creek lol/Bridge, Aberdeen Road Oal/Bridge, Aberdeen Road O.l/Bridge, Railroad (Standard Gauge) OoQ/hlouth of Woodrest Creek 1.2/Mouth of Woodrest Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries SUB-BASIN (From Concord Point* to Rickett Point-x-*) DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATEONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 n I r~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 12 3 TI I S~~ Spesutie Narrows Back Creek Back Creek Spesutie Narrows Spesutie Narrows Mosquito Creek Mosquito Creek Little Mosquito Creek Little Mosquito Creek Mosquito Creek Mosquito Creek Spesutie Narrovjs Spesutie NarroX'js Spesutie Narrows CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Old Womans Gut Old Womans Gut CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Delph Creek Delph Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Little Romney Creek Little Romney Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Romney Creek Romney Creek Romney Creek Romney Creek Romney Creek Bridge Creek Bridge Creek Bridge Creek Romney Creek Romney Creek Back Creek Back Creek Romney Creek Romney Creek Little Romney Creek Little Romney Creek Romney Creek Romney Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY OcU/Mouth of Back Creek /Head of Back Creek 0.0/Mouth of Back Creek 0,U/Mouth of Back Creek Oe,2/Mouth of Mosquito Creek /Head of Mosquito Creek O'cl/Mouth of Little Mosquito Creek OoU/Head of Little Mosquito Creek O.O/Mouth of Little Mosquito Creek 0,1/Mouth of Little Mosquito Creek OoO/Mouth of Mosquito Creek Oe2/Mouth of Mosquito Creek ^/outfall, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Phillips Field OeO/Mouth of Spesutie Narrows l8U.5/yiouth of Spesutie Narrows 178,2/Mouth of Old Womans Gut 1,2/Head of Old Womans Gut O»0/Mouth of Old Womans Gut 178o2/^outii of Old Womans Gut 177.9/Mouth of Delph Creek /Head of Delph Creek OTO/Mouth of Delph Creek 177.9/Mouth of Delph Creek 177.6/Mouth of Little Romney Creek /Head of Little Romney Creek O.O/Mouth of Little Romney Creek 177.6/Mouth of Little Romney Creek 175»9/Mouth of Romney Creek /Head of Romney Creek 9.2/Bridge, Palmer Road 7.2/Bridge, Old Baltimore Road 3.5/Bridge, Romney Creek Road (Footbridge) 2,7/Mouth of Bridge Creek /Head of Bridge Creek 1,1/Bridgej A-a5 Road O.O/Mouth of Bridge Creek 2.7/Mouth of Bridge Creek 2,1/Mouth of Back Creek Oo6/Head of Back Creek O.O/Mouth of Back Creek 2.1/Mouth of Back Creek 0,7/Mouth of Little Romney Creek lo3/Head of Little Romney Creek 0,0/Mouth of Little Romney Creek 0,7/Mouth of Little Romney Creek O.O/Mouth of Romney Creek (D. Ao 25,2) 175.9/Mouth of Romney Creek - 2 - CHE5APEM{E BAY^ WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries SUB-BASIN (Frorrj "Concord Point-is- to Rickett Pomt-iHtJ DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of VJaterway) 1—2 3 h ^ T- ?33at^r.9c=irsiivza>arcjcw LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 H 3 S" CHESAPEAKE BAY Bush River Bush River Bynum Run Bynvun Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bynum Run Bush River Bush River James Run James Run James Run James Run James Run James Run Broad Run Broad Run Broad Run Broad Run Broad Run Broad Run James Run James Run Jaines Run James Run James Run James Run Bush River 173.3/Mouth of Bush River lloU/Kead of Bush River llcU/Mouth of Bynum Run li;.l/Head of Bynum Run 13.0/Bridge, Maryland & Pennsylvania Railroad 12,3/Bridge, Md. & Pa, Railroad 12ol/Bridge, Md. & Pa. Railroad 11,8/Bridge, Pmip Road & Bynum and Md, Sc Pao Railroad 10,ii/Bridge, U. S. Highway 1 9«5/Bridge, Heighe Road 8,l4./Bridge^ Moores Mill Road, Gaging Station at Bel Air, Md. 8,lj./Bridge, Md, Highway 22 8»39/Gaging Station at Bel Air, Md, 8,2/Outfall, Sewage Disposal -Bel Air 7cO/Bridge, McPhail Road Il.e8/Bridge, Wheel Road 0,7/Bridge, Old Philadelphia Rd, 0,7/Gaging Station, at Bush, Mdo (D. A. 22,5) OoO/kouth of Bynum Run (Dc A, 23o8) lloU/Mouth of Bynum Run ll,I|./ly[outh of James Run 8.7/Head of James Run ^/Outfall, Churchville Can Co, S.U/Bridge, Grafton s Lane 7»U/Bridge, Snake Lane 6,6/Bridge, James Run Road 6o5/Mouth of Broad Run /Head of Broad Run lo7/Bridge, Edwards Lane Oo7/Bridge, Md. Highway I36 Oo5/Bridge, James Run Road Oo3/Bridge, James Run Road 0,0/Mouth of Broad Run 6o5/kouth of Broad Run 2r,8/Bridge, Nova Scotia Road Ic8/Bridge, Md. Highway 5U3 0o3/Gaging Station at Bush, Md» (Dc A, iia) 0.3/Bridge, Md, Highway 7, Old. Phila- delphia Rd„ (D. A. llol) 0,0/Mouth of James Run lloU/Mouth of James Run - 3 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, Ia^ESTERN SHORE Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries DRAINAGE BASIN ^ SUB-BASIN (From Concord Point* to Rickett Point-5Ht) DISTANCES FRGM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AW DRMNAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 U 5 T~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of VJaterway) 1 2 3 IT 5 S~ Bush River Bush River Bush River Bush River Bush Creek Bush Creek Bush River Bush River Bush River Church Creek Church Creek Grays Run Grays Run Grays Run Grays Run Grays Run Church Creek Church Creek Bush River Bush River Otter Point Creek Otter Point Creek Winters Run Winters Run West Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch VJest Branch VJest Branch Winters Run Winters Run East Branch East Branch East Branch East Branch East Branch East Branch East Branch East Branch East Branch Winters Run 10o6/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad 10.5/Bridge, U. S. Highway UO lOeU/Outfall, Sewage Disposal, Ferryman, Northeast Expressway Service Area and possibly Bata Shoe Co, (Proposed Treatment Plant) lOoO/l^outh of Bush Creek /Head of Bush Creek OoO/Mouth of Bush Creek lO.O/Houth of Bush Creek 9,7/Outfall, Belcamp, Md. (Bata Shoe Co.) 9.2/i4outh of Church Greek /Head of Church Creek OTB/Mouth of Grays Run /Head of Grays Run 0,8/Bridge, Md„ Highway 7, Gaging Station at Stepney, Mdo (D. Ao 5o35) 0.3/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad 0,1/Bridge, Federal UO OaO/Mouth of Grays Run 0,8/Mouth of Grays Run O«0/Mouth of Church Creek 9.2/Mouth of Church Creek 8,2/Mouth of Otter Point Creek /Ee&d of Otter Point Creek Io9/Mouth of Winters Run /Head of Winters Run I57o/Mouth of West Branch 5.U/Head of West Branch 5cl/Bridge, Schuster Road 3c8/Bridge, Furnace Road 3.2/Bridge, Dunhams Road 2,9/Bridge, Railroad 2»2/Bridge, Charles Street l,lj./Bridge, Md, Highway l65 OeU/Bridge, Putnam Road O„0/Mouth of West Branch I6o0/Mouth of West Branch l6„0/y[outh of East Branch 10,2/Head of East Branch 9e8/Bridge, Cox Road 8oU/Bridge, Md. Highway l65 5.0/Bridge, Md„ Highway 23 3a3/Bridge, Morse Road 2^2/Bridge, Poteet Road 1,7/Bridge, Phillips Mill Rd. l.O/Pridge, Cosner Road OcO/Mouth of East Branch 16,0/Mouth of East Branch -h ' CHESAPEAKE BAY. IffiSTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries 3UB-BAS1N (From Concord Point* to Rickett Point-;Hc) ' DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of VJaterway) 1 2 3 U F 5~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTI ON (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 T"~TI 3 ^~ Winters Run Winters Run Hoops Branch Hoops Branch Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Long Branch Long Branch Long Branch Winters Run Winters Run Bread and Cheese Br, Bread and Cheese Br, Bread and Cheese Br, Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Bear Cabin Branch Bear Cabin Branch Bear Cabin Branch Bear Cabin Branch Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Elbow Brook Elbow Brook Elbow Brook Winters Run Winters Run Heavenly Waters Heavenly Waters Heavenly Waters Heavenly Waters Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run V/inters Run 15,8/Pleasantville Upper Dam Site No. 1 l5»6/i4outh of Hoops Branch /Head of Hoops Branch OoO/Mouth of Hoops Branch l5o6/Mouth of Hoops Branch 15«.6/Bridge, Pleasantville Road l5o5/Pleasantville Lower Dam Site No, 2 13.7/iyiouth of Long Branch /Head of Long Branch loO/Bridge, Goggs Road OoO/lyiouth of Long Branch 13.7/Mouth of Long Branch 13e5/Mouth of Bread and Cheese Br. /Head of Bread and Cheese Branch 1«0/Bridge, Ryan Road OoO/kouth of Bread and Cheese Br, 13.5/Mouth of Bread and Cheese Br. 12,6/Bridge^ Carrs Mill Road 12o5/Amoss Lower Dam Site No, 3 12,3Aiouth of Bear Cabin Branch /Head of Bear Cabin Branch 0,7/Bridge, Graftons Shop Road O.l/Bridge;, Carrs Mill Road OoO/Mouth of Bear Cabin Branch 12o3/Mouth of Bear Cabin Branch 12.0/Bridge, Water Vale Road Ile9/Bridge, Hd,-, & Fa, Ra?.lroad Hell/Mouth of Elbow Brook /Head of Elbow Brook 2o0/Bridge, Connolly Road O.O/Mouth of Elbow Brook lloii/Mouth of Elbow Brook 10e3/Mouth of Heavenly Waters 2oO/Head of Heavenly Waters Ie5/Bridge, Md, & Pa. Railroad 0.5/Bridge, Tollgate Road OoO/Mouth of Heavenly Waters 10,3/Mouth of Heavenly Waters 10,1/lntake, Bel Air pumping station lO.O/Bridge, U. S. Highway #1 (D. Ao 37.0) 10,0/Gaging Station near Bel Air, Mdo (partial-record) (D. Ao 37,0) -^ - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries SUB-BASIN "(From Concord Point-i;- to Rickett Point-!K;-) DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 12 3 "~ir~^ r~ LOCATION : RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Watei'way) 1 — 2 — 3~"G 5 — F- winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Plum tree Run Plumtree Run Plumtree Run Plumtree Run Plumtree Run Plumtree Run Plumtree Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Mountain Branch Mountain Branch Mountain Branch Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Winters Run Otter Point Creek Otter Point Creek Haha Branch Haha Branch Haha Branch Haha Branch Haha Branch Otter Point Creek Otter Point Creek Bush River Bush River Bush Jliver 9.8/Power Plant 8.3/Bridge, VJhi taker Mill Road 8,l/Northern Boundary of Atkisson Reservoir (Ariny Chemical Center) 7.8/Bridge, Ring Factory Road 6.9/Mouth of Plumtree Run 3.8/Head of Plumtree Run 3.7/Bridge, U. S. Highway #1 2cl/Bridge, Ring Factory Road l.U/Bridge, Tollgate Road 0,6/Brid.ge, Plumtree Road 0B2/Northern Boundary of Atkisson Reservoir O.O/Mouth of Plumtree Run 6,9/Mouth of Plumtree Run 5c9/Southern Boundary, Atkisson Reservoir (D. A, 38.0) 5e8/Bridge, Singer Center Road 5.7/Mouth of Mountain Branch /Head of Mountain Branch Oc,2/Bridge, Singer Center Rd. O„0/Mouth of Mountain Branch 5e7/Mouth of Mountain Branch 5»3/Reservoir (With Dam) 3.0/Bridge, Md. Highway #7 2e7/End, tidal upstream limit of license-free tidewater fishing 2,7/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad 2.5/lntake, Edgewood, Army Chemical Center, Reservoir Water Treat- ment 2.ii/Bridge, Md. Highway #ij.06 2cl/Bridge, U. S. Highway frhO 0,0/Mouth of Winters Run lo9/^outh of Winters Run l,i|/Mouth of Haha Branch /Head of Haha Branch 0o6/Bridge, Md, Highway #7 0c2/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad O.l/Bridge, U, S. Highway #1^0 0.0/[4outh of Haha Branch l.il/Mouth of Haha Branch O„0/Mouth of Otter Point Creek 8.2/Mouth of Otter Point Creek 7o6/Bridge, Pennsylvania Railroad 7.1/kouth of Monks Creek - 6 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERI\[ SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries SU3-BASIN (From Concord Point-;;- to Rickett Point-JK;-") DISTANCES FRQI MOUTH OF WaTERWAY AND DRAINA.GE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 — r~i~ir~i — ^■~ MAIN WATERWAYS MB TRIBUTAl^IES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 T"^ ^ ^/Head of Monks Creek O,0/Mouth of Monks Creek 7.1/Mouth of xMonks Creek 6.9/Mouth of Sod Run /Head of Sod Run OcO/Mouth of Sod Run 6„9/Mouth of Sod Run U.8/Mouth of Lauderick Creek /Head of Lauderick Creek 1.5/Brid.ge, Pennsylvania Railroad O.O/Mouth of Lauderick Creek U.8/Mouth of Lauderick Creek 3»8/Mouth of Kings Creek l.O/Head of Kings Creek O.O/Mouth of Kings Creek 3.8/Mouth of Kings Creek 3.VMouth of Redman Cove /Head of Redraan Cove OoO/Mouth of Redman Cove 3.5/Mouth of Redman Cove 3.3/Outfall, Sewage Disposal Plant, Army Chemical Center (Edgewood) 2c6/ToTfmer Cove 2.i4-/l'oves Gove 2.0/Mouth of Cooper Creek 0.7/Head of Cooper Creek O.O/Mouth of Cooper Creek 2.0/Mouth of Cooper Creek l.O/Mouth of Cod Creek 0.7/Head of Cod Creek O.O/Mouth of Cod Creek l.O/Mouth of Cod Creek 0.3/Mouth of Abbey Creek 1.5/Head of Abbey Creek O.O/Mouth of Abbey Creek 0.3/Mouth of Abbey Creek O.O/Mouth of Bush River (D. A. 339.7) 173.3/Mouth of Bush River 170,6/yiouth of Boone Creek /Head of Boone Creek O.O/Mouth of Boone Creek 170.6/Mouth of Boone Creek 169.0/Rickett Point In Havre de Grace, Harford County, Maryland at mouth of Susquehanna River. On seaward end of Gunpowd.er Neck, Harford County, Maryland at mouth of Gunpowder River. D. A, Drainage Area, square miles. January, 1965 Monks Creek Monks Creek Bush River Bush River Sod Run Sod Run Bush River Bush River Lauderick Creek Lauderick Creek Lauderick Creek Bush River Bush River Kings Creek Kings Creek Bush River Bush River Redman Cove Redman Cove Bush River Bush River Bush River Bush River Bush River Cooper Creek Cooper Creek Bush River Bush River Cod Creek Cod Creek Bush River Bush River Abbey Creek Abbey Creek Bush River Bush River CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Boone Creek Boone Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY, CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERISI SHORE ■K-K- - 7 - I I i Appendix A CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Gunpowder River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 H 5 5~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 U 3 5"* CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE Gunpowder Riveist Gunpowder River Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls 169,0/kouth of Gunpowder River 8,5/Head of Gunpowder River 8.$/^outh of Gunpowder Falls in Md, 5U.5/Head of Gunpowder Falls in Pa. 52.7/state Line, Upstream - Pa, Downstream - Md, 52o7/0utfall, Lineboro Canning Co, 52.6/Bridge, at Lineboro, Md, #86 5l«6/Mouth of South Branch /Head of South Branch /kouth of Springs Mead of Springs /intake, Manchester O.O/Mouth of Springs /lyiouth of Springs ^/Outfall, Penn-Carroll Farmers Co-op, O.O/kouth of South Branch 5lo6/kouth of South Branch 50,5/Bridge, Western Maryland R.R, i49»U/Bridge, Falls Road U9«3/Mouth of Muddy Creek Gunpowder Falls** Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Palls South Branch South Branch Springs Springs Springs South Branch South Branch South Gunpowder Gunpowder Gunpowder Gunpowder Branch Falls Falls Falls Falls Muddy Muddy Creek Creek yHead of Muddy Creek in Pa, "/state Line, Upstream - Pa, " Downstream - Md. /county Line, Upstream - Muddy Creek Balto,, Downstream - Carroll O.OTHouth of Muddy Creek U9.3/kouth of Muddy Creek 148,8/County Line, Upstream - Carroll Downstream - Baltimore "i^y.^outh of Walker Run /Head of Walker Run 0,0/'Mouth of Walker Run hl^^Month of Walker Run J46o7/Upper end of Pretty Boy Reser, i;6,7/Bridge, Clipper Mill Road U5»5/kouth_of_Georges Run "7Head of Georges Run /Outfally Batterer Is of Manchester^ Inc, ^/Outfall, Penn-Carroll Far- mers Co-op, /County, Line, Upstream - Carroll, Downstream - Balto, 3,27Bridge, Md, 2^~at Armacost Muddy Creek Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Walker Run Walker Run Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Georges Run Georges Run Georges Run Georges Run Georges~Run CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE Gunpowder River drmnage basin "sUb-basin DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAI AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AIMD TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Watervjay) 1 2 3 ir~i S~ LOCATION; RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 n I 5 Georges Run Georges Run Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Cadin Run Cadin Run Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Mingo Branch Mingo Branch Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Panther Branch Panther Branch Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Beetree Run Beetree Run Beetree Run Beetree Run 3.2/Gaging Station, Armacost, Md, (D, A. 13.0) O.O/Mouth of Georges Run (D. A. 20,9) U5»5Alouth of Georges Run i^3«8/Bridge, Beckleysville Road ij.Ool/Lower end of Pretty Boy Reseinroir (D. A. 79.8) 38,7/Bridge Falls Road 37.9/Bridge, Masemors Road 37.8/Mouth of Cadin Run /Head of Cadin Run oTo^outh of Cadin Run 37»8/Mouth of Cadin Run 36.8/kouth of Mingo Branch ^/Head of Mingo Branch O.O/Mouth of Mingo Branch 36,8/kouth of Mingo Branch 36,5/Bridge, Bunker Hill Road 35«7/Bridge, Harrisburg Expressway 35.6/Bridge, Md. \6, York Road 33»8/kouth of Panther Branch /Head of Panther Branch oTS/kouth of Panther Branch 33.8/Mouth of Panther Branch 33.U/Bridge, Big Falls Road 32»6/Bridge, Blue Mount Road 32«5/Mouth of Little Falls /Head of Little Falls iFIo/B.ridge, Keeney Mill Road Ui.O/Bridge, Freeland Road 12,U/Bridge, Gores Mill Road 12.0/Bridge, near Gores Mill Road 11,7/Bridge, Gores Mill Road, near Gores Mill 10.7/Bridge, Valley Mill Road 10,6/Outfall, Freeland Paper Co. 9«3/Bridge, Eagle Mill Road 8,8/kouth of Beetree Run 7.3/Head of Beetree Run, Pa. 6,6/Bridge, Secondary Road near New Freedom in York County,, Pa. 6o2/Bridge, Secondary Road 6,1/State Line, Upstream - Pa. Downstream - Md. 5.6/Bridge, Secondary Road 5.2/Bridge, Oakland Road U.3/Bridge, Md. #U09 1,8/Bridge, Beetree Road Beetree Run Beetree Run Beetree Run Beetree Run - 2 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Gunpowder River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AMD DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCAEONS I4AIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 U 5 6 1 2 3 TI 3 5~ Beetree Run Beetree Run Beetree Run Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Owl Branch Owl Branch Little Falls Little Falls Fourth Mine Branch Fourth Mine Branch Little Falls Little Falls Third Mine Branch Third Mine Branch Little Falls Little Falls Second Mine Branch Second Mine Branch Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls First Mne Branch First Mine Branch Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Little Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Piney Creek Piney Creek Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls 0»6/Bridge, Bentley Road 0o5/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R. O«0/Mouth of Beetree Run 8,8/kouth of Beetree Run 7«8/Bridge, Walker Road T.VBridge, Stablers Church Road 7.1/Bridge, Stablers Church Road 6,6/Bridge, Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway 6,1/Mouth of Owl Branch /Head of Owl Branch boO/f-Iouth of Owl Branch 6,1/^outh of Owl Branch 5.7/Mouth of Fourth Mine Branch /Head of Fourth Mine Branch O.O/Mouth of Fourth Mine Branch 5.7/Mouth of Fourth Mine Branch UtO/Mouth of Third Mine Branch /Head of Third Mine Branch O,0/Mouth of Third Mine Branch U.O/Mouth of Third Mine Branch 2o8/Mouth of Second Mine Branch /Head of Second Mine Branch 0,0/Mouth of Second Mine Branch 2,8/Mouth of Second Mine Branch 2.0/Outfall, Federal Paper Board Co, 1.6/Mouth of First Mine Branch /Head of First Mine Branch oTo/Mouth of First Mine Branch 1.6/i"iouth of First Mine Branch 0,6/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R, (D. A. 52.9) 0,6/Gaging Station, Blue Mount, Md, (D. A. 52,9) 0.0/kouth of Little Falls (D, A, $3^ 32,5/Mouth of Little Falls 30t0/Bridge, Monkton Road 29.2/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R, 28, it/Bridge, Corbett Road 27.14/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R. 26,9/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R. 25.8/Bridge, Glencoe Road 25.8/Gaging Station, Glencoe, Md, (D. a. 160.0) 25.1/Mouth of Piney Creek /Head of Piney Creek 0.0/Houth of Piney Creek 25.1/Mouth of Piney Creek 25.0/Bridge, Sparks Road - 3 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Gunpowder River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 — 2 — T~u — r~5~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 u 5 r~ Gunpowder Falls Carroll Branch Carroll Branch Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Green Branch Green Branch Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Western Run Western Run Delaware Run Delaware Run Slade Run Slade Run Slade Run Delaware Run Delaware Run Western Run Western Run Western Run McGill Run McGill Run Western Run Western Run Western Run Deadman Run Deadman Run Western Run Western Run Western Run Blackrock Run Blackrock Run Blackrock Run Indian Run Indian Run Blackrock Run Blackrock Run Western Run Western Run Western Run Western Run Western Run Western Run 2ii. a/Mouth of Carroll Branch /Head of Carroll Branch O.O/Mouth of Carroll Branch 2li.2/Mouth of Carroll Branch 23.7/Bridge, Philpot Road 22.5/Mouth of Green Branch /Head of Green Branch O.O/Mouth of Green Branch 22,5/Mouth of Green Branch 22 .U/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R. 22.0/Bridge, Ashland Avenue 21,5/Mouth of Western Run /Head of Western Run 12.b/Houth of Delaware Run /Head of Delaware Run lalAlouth of Slade Run /Head of Slade Run l.l/Gaging Station, near Glyndon, Md. (D. A, 2,09) O.O/Mouth of Slade Run 1 a/Mouth of Slade Run O.O/kouth of Delaware Run 12o8/Mouth of Delaware Run 12o8/Bridge, Belraont Road 1196/kouth of McGill Run /Head of McGill Run O.O/Mouth of McGill Run 11.6/Mouth of McGill Run 10o8/Bridge, Mill Road 10,7/Mouth of Deadman Run /Head of Deadman Run O.O/Mouth of Deadman Run 10,7/Mouth of Deadman Run 8.6/Bridge, Falls Road, Md, #25 e.U/Mouth of Blackrock Run /Head of Blackrock Run 1,6/Gaging Station, CoopersvillQ Md„ (D. A. 9.38) 1.5/^outh of Indian Run {B,Arlk.^ /Read of Indian Run O.O/Mouth of Indian Run 1.5/Mouth of Indian Run O.O/Mouth of Blackrock Run 8,U/Mouth of Blackrock Run 8,0/Bridge, Cuba Road 6,6/Outfall, Donald S, Stubbs Co, 6,1/Dam Site, Butler No. 1 ^•3/Dam at Western Run 5.1/Bridge, Western Run Road -U - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE Gunpowder River DRAINAGE BA3IN SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES LOCAHON: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 u 5 6 ' 1 2 5 n~^ r~ Western Run Western Western Run Run Western Western Run Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Goodwin Run Goodwin Run Goodwin Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Parks Parks Run Run Run Parks Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Beaverdam Run Western Run Western Run Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Long Quarter Branch Long Quarter Branch Long Quarter Branch 5«0/Gaging Station, Western Run, Md. (D. A. 59.8) 3.5'/Brldge, Harrisburg Expressway 2,8/Outfall, Bonnie Blink Sewage Treatment Plant 2.6/Bridge, York Road (Md. #h6) l.U/Mouth of Beaverdam Run /Head of Beaverdam Run 2.2/Gaging Station, Coopersvill^ Mdo (D. A. 20.8) 2.2/Bridge, U. S. HI (Balto. - Harrisburg Expressway (D. A. 20.8) 1,6/Mouth of GoodwD.n Run /Head of Goodwin Run 1.3/Outfall, Harry T. Camp- bell Sons, Corp. O.O/Mouth of Goodwin Run lo6/kouth of Goodwin Run l.U/Outfall, Maryland Pigment and Research Corp. l»2/0utfall. Veneers, Inc. l.l/Outfall, Arrow Cartons l.O/Outfall, Beaverdam Veneer Mills 0.9/Mouth of Parks Run /Head of Parks Run O.l/Outfall, Md. Fine & Specialty Wire Co. 0.0/kouth of Parks Run 0.9/1^outh of Parks Run 0.6/outfall, Cockeysville Distilling Co., Inc. 0.5/0utfall, The Williamson Veneer Co. 0,U5/0utfall, Hill House Dairy O.O/Mouth of Beaverdam Run (Do A, 21o2) l.VMouth of Beaverdam Run 0„0Alouth of Western Run (d. A. 85.1;) 21.5/Mouth of Western Run 20.6/Bridge, Md. #lii3 (Warren Road) 20o6/Up3tream end of Loch Raven Reservoir 20.6/Bridge, Dulaney Valley Road 15»6/Bridge, Loch Raven Road lUo3/Mouth of Long Quarter Branch /Head of Long Quarter Branch 3 . 7/Outf all, Towson Washmobile 2,3/Head of arm of Loch Raven Reservoir -5 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Gunpowder River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FRCM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AUD DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 U 5 6 ' 1 2 3 U ^6 Long Quarter Branch Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Minebank Run Minebank Run Minebank Run Minebank Run Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Cowen Branch Cowen Branch Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Cowen Branch Cowen Branch Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Jenifer Run Jenifer Run Jenifer Run Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Long Green Creek Long Green Creek Long Green Creek Long Green Creek Long Green Creek O.O/Mouth of Long Quarter Branch lii.3/Mouth of Long Quarter Branch 13.8/lntake, Baltimore City (D.A. 303) 13»8/Downstream end of Loch Raven Reservoir (d.A. 303) 13.6/oid Dam, below Loch Raven Dam (D.A, 30U) 13.5/Mouth of Minebank Run 3«U/Head of Minebank Run 3.2/Outfall, The Murray Corp. 2.7/Outfall, The Bendix Corp. O.O/Mouth of Minebank Run 13.5/Mouth of Minebank Run /Ontfall, Loch Raven Sewage Treat- ment Plant 12,5/Bridge, Cromwell Bridge 12.0/Mouth of Cowen Branch /Head of Cowen Branch 0,3/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary /Head of Unnamed Tributary 1.5/Outfall, North-Cliff Rest Home O,0/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 0,3/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 0.0/^outh of Cowen Branch 12,0/Mouth of Cowen Branch 12,0/Outfall, Md. Training School for Boys 11,9/Bridge, Md. and Pa. Railroad 11,5/outfall, Notch Cliff Sewage Treat- ment Plant 11,3/Big Gunpowder dam site ll.O/Gaging Station, Carney, Md, (Do A, 31ii.O) 10,6/Sampling Station, Md, Water Pollution Control Commission 10,6/Bridge, Md, lii7 (Harford Road) lO.U/Mouth of Jenifer Run /Head of Jenifer Run 0o5/0utfall, Carney Sewage Treat- ment Plant 0,0/Mouth of Jenifer Run 10,U/Mouth of Jenifer Run 7o5/Mouth of Long Green Creek /Head of Long Green Creek It,2/Bridge, Hydes Road 3.2/Bridge, Long Green Road 2,l/Bridge, Glenarm Road 1,2/Bridge, Md, #lii7, Harford Road - 6 - CKESAP5AKS BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Gunpowder River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FRCM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERV/AYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 5 5 r~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 H 5 ^~ Long Green Creek Long Green Creek Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Sweathouse Branch Sweathouse Branch Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Broad Run Broad Run Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Fall&iHHt- Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Thornton Branch Thornton Branch Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Nelson Branch Nelson Branch Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Sawmill Branch Sawmill Branch Little Gunpowder Falls l.O/Head of Perennial part of Long Green Creek O.O/kouth of Long Green Creek Y.^/yiouth of Long Green Creek 7.3/Mouth of Sweathouse Branch ^/Head of Sweathouse Branch O.O/Mouth of Sweathouse Branch 7»3/kouth of Sweathouse Branch 6,1/Sainpling Station, Md, Water Pollution Control Commission 6,1/Bridge, Bel Air Road (U.S. #1) 5,5/Outfall, Richlyn Manor Sewage Treatment Plant 5.2Alouth of Broad Run ^/Head of Broad Run OaO/Mouth of Broad Run 5.2/Mouth of Broad Run L7/Cutfall, Forge Heights 3»7/Sampling Station, Md, Water Pollution Control Commission 3.7/Bridge, Md. #7 3.7/Upstream limit of license-free tidewater fishing 3.2/Outfall, Paul Jones & Co, 3,0/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad 2.7/Bridge, U. s. #U0 2,7/Sajnpling Station, Md,. Water Pollu- tion Control Commission 0,6/Mouth of Little Gunpowder Falls 2li,5/Head of Little GunpoTijder Falls 22,6/Bridge, York Road 21.8/Bridge, Houcks Mill Road 21,6/Mouth of Thornton Branch /Head of Thornton Branch O.O/Mouth of Thornton Branch 21,6/Mouth of Thornton Branch 20,6/Bridge, Hut chins Mill Road 19,9/kouth of Nelson Branch /Head of Nelson Branch O.O/Mouth of Nelson Branch 19.9/Mouth of Nelson Branch 19.0/Bridge, Hess Road 19.0/Gaging Station, Hess, Md« (D.A. 16,5) 18.2/Bridge, Jarrettsville Road l6,5Aiouth of Sawmill Branch /Head of Sawmill Branch OcO/Mouth of Sawmill Branch 16,5/Mouth of Sawmill Branch - 7 - CHgSAPEAIvE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Gunpowder River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AI-JD DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AI^ID TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 H 5 6 LOCATION: RIVER MILE/ DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 It I S~ Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpovider Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Wildcat Branch Wildcat Branch Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls • Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Little Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder Falls l^.i^/Bridge, Green Road 13.8/Sampling Station, Md, Water Pollution Control Commission 13.8/Bridge, Md. #16^ 12*9/Upper Covered Bridge Dam Site No. 7 12,6/Covered Bridge Dam Site No. 3 l2^\\/^rld.ge, Pleasantville Road 11,7/Bridge, Md. & Pa, Railroad 10.7/Gaging Station, Laurel Brook, Md. (D. A, 36.1) 10,5/Bridge, Bottom Road 8.U/Bridge, Md. fflhl (Harford Road) 8,l4./Sampling Station, Md. Water Pollution Control Commission 8.1/Outfall, E. H, Tolzman & Sons, Inc. 7»9/Outfall, Resolute Paper Co. 7.5/Bridge, U. S. #1 (Belair Road) (D. A. U3.0) 7.5/Gaging Station, Bel Air, Md. (D. A. Approximately k'i,0) 7.5/Sampling Station, Md. Water Pollution Control Commission 6.8/Mouth of Wildcat Branch /Head of Wildcat Branch O.O/Mouth of Wildcat Branch 6,8Alouth of Wildcat Branch 5.8/Bridge, Jeruselem Road /intake. The Belko Corp. luT/Outfall, The Belko Corp. U.l/Sampling Station, Md. Water Pollution Control Commission 2.5/Bridge, Md. #7 2.5/Sampling Station, Md. Water Pollution Control Commission 2a5/Upstream limit of license-free tidewater fishing 2.3/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad 2.2/Brid.ge, U. S. jj=kO 2,2/Sampling Station, Md. Water Pollution Control Commission 2,0/0utfall, Joppatowne l«9/lntake, Joppa Sand & Gravel Co. l.ii/Outfall, Joppa Sand & Gravel Co. 0.5/Sampling Station, Md. Water Pollution Control Commission O.O/Mouth of Little Gunpowder Falls (D, A. 58.3) ,6/Mouth of Little Gunpowder Falls - 8 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Gunpowder River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCAHONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERWAYS AJMD TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 C I 5~ LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 H 5 r~ Gunpowder Falls Gunpowder River Gunpowder River Gunpowder River Bird River Bird River Whitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Vi/hitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Honey go Run Honeygo Run Honeygo Run Honeygo Run Whitemarsh Run Whitemarsh Run Bird River Bird River Gunpowder River Gunpowder River Gunpowder River Reardon Inlet Reardon Inlet Gunpowder River Gunpowder River Wright Creek Wright Creek Gunpowder River Gunpowder River Swaderick Creek Swaderick Creek Gunpowder River Gunpowder River Cunninghill Cove Cunninghill Cove Gunpowder River O.O/Mouth of Gunpowder Falls (D»A. 350.3) 8r5/Mouth of Gunpowder Falls 8.Ii/Days Cove 8.1/Mouth of Bird River 2.1/Head of Bird River 1.9/Mouth of Whitemarsh Run 8,U/Head of Whitemarsh Run 6,3/Outfall, Ark Readi-Mix Con- crete Corp, and Nottingham Farms 6,2/Bridge, Belair Road (U. S, #1) 6,0/0utfall, Perry Hall Sewage Treatment Plant 2.9/Gaging Station, Whitemarsh, Md, (D. A. 7.61) 2,9/Bridge, Md. #7 at Whitemarsh, Md. (D. A. 7.61) 2,6/Outfall, H. T. Campbell Sons, Corp. 2.5/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad 2.U/Bridge, U. S. Highway #i|0 1«8/Bridge, Secondary road near Whitemarsh, Md. (D. A. 15,9) 1.0/kouth of Honeygo Run /Head of Honeygo Run 0797Bridge, Md. #7 0.6/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad O.O/Mouth of Honeygo Run 1.0/Mouth of Honeygo Run O.O/Mouth of Whitemarsh Run 1,9/Mouth of Whitemarsh Run O.O/kouth of Bird River (D. A, 26.7) 8.1/Mouth of Bird River 7c.5/Bridge, Pa, Railroad (Electric) 6B6/Mouth of Reardon Inlet /Head of Reardon Inlet O.O/Mouth of Reardon Inlet 6.6/Mouth of Reardon Inlet 5.5/Mouth of Wright Creek /Head of Wright Creek O.O/Mouth of Wright Creek 5<,5/Mouth of Wright Creek 5.0/kouth of Swaderick Creek /Head, of Swaderick Creek O.O/Mouth of Swaderick Creek 5,0/Mouth of Swaderick Creek ii.ii/Mouth of Cunninghill Cove /Head of Cunninghill Cove O.O/Mouth of Cunninghill Cove i;,U/Mouth of Cunninghill Cove - 9 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, i^^JESTSRN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Gunpowder River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1' 2 "3 H I o~" LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 U I 5~" Gunpowder River Saltpeter Creek Saltpeter Creek Dundee Creek Dundee Creek Saltpeter Creek Saltpeter Creek Saltpeter Creek Gunpowder River Gunpowder River CHESAPK4KE BAY, I-JESTEPiJ SHORE 2.5/Mouth of Saltpeter Creek /Head of Saltpeter Creek lo3/Mouth of Dundee Creek ^/Head of Dundee Creek O„0/Mouth of Dundee Creek l«3/Houth of Dundee Creek 1.3/Outfallj Charles P. Crane Steam- Electric Station (Baltimore Gas and Electric Company) 0,0/Mouth of Saltpeter Creek 2o5/Mouth of Saltpeter Creek O„0/kouth of Gunpowder River (D. Ao U71.5) 169.0/Mouth of Gunpowder River D« A. Drainage Area, square miles * Gunpowder River is boundary between Baltimore and Harford Counties, Maryland. -iHt Gunpowder Falls is boundary between Baltimore and Harford Counties, Maryland. ■$«««■ Little Gunpowder Falls is boundary between Baltimore and. Harford Counties, Maryland^ January, 196^ - 10 - Appendix A CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRiHIJAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries SUB -BASIN (From Lower Island Point* to North PointsHf-) DISTAI'JCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS _FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTJffilES LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of VJaterway) (Magnitude of Watenrjay) 1 2 3 II 5 ~E' 12 "3~~C 5 5~" CHESAPE.\KE bay, western SHORE CHESAPEAKE BAY Hawthorn Creek Hawthorn Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Seneca Creek Seneca Creek Seneca Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEiiKE BAY Middle River Middle River Middle River Middle River Middle River Hopkins Creek Hopkins Creek Hopkins Creek Middle River Middle River Darkhead Creek Darkhead Creek Darkhead Creek Cow Pen Creek Cow Pen Creek Cow Pen Creek ■ Cow Pen Creek Cow Pen Creek Cow Pen Creek Darkhead Creek Darkhead Creek Middle River Middle River Norman Creek Norman Greek Middle River Middle River Hogpen Creek Hogpen Creek Middle River ""KBoP/Lower Island Point at mouth of Gunpowder" River;, Baltimore County, Maryland 168,,8/Mouth of Hawthorn Creek /Head of Hawthorn Creek GcO/Mouth of Havrthorn Creek 168,8/kouth of Hawthorn Creek 168.,7/Mouth of Seneca Creek /Head, of Seneca Creek 0.8/Intake, Charles P, Crane, Steam-Electric Generating Station O.O/lIouth of Seneca Creek l68„7/«outh of Seneca Creek l68»5/iyiouth of Middle River /Head of Mddle River Uo9/Brid.ge, Md, Highway 1x93 i4f>8/Bridge, Pennsylvania Railroad ]4,5/Bridge^ Eastern Avenue (Md, IfjO) 3.5/Mouth of Hopkins Creek /Head of Hopkins Creek Oo3/Benjai,iin S. Markley Boatyard OoO/Mouth of Hopkins Creek 3c5/Mouth of Hopkins Creek 3.1/Mouth of Darkhead Creek /Head of Darkhead Creek 0,8/Outfall, Martin Co„, Division of Martin-Marietta, "D" Building 0.6/y[outh of Cow Pen Creek /'Aea.d. of Cow Pen Creek 0370utfall, Martin Co., Division of Martin-Marietta, "A" & "E" Buildings OoU/Outfall, Martin Co,, "H" Bldg, 0,3/Outfall, Martin Co., Division of Martin-Marietta, "A" Bldg. 0.2/Outfall, Martin Co., "A", "M", & "P" BldgSo OrO/Mouth of Cow Pen Creek Oe6/^outh of Cow Pen Creek O«0/Mouth of Darkhead Creek 3.1/yiouth of Darkhead Creek 2o3/Mouth of Norman Creek /Head of Norman Creek OcO/Mouth of Norman Creek 2,3/Mouth of Norman Creek 2„l/Mouth of Hogpen Creek ^ /Head, of Hogpen Creek O„0/Mouth of Hogpen Creek 2,1/Mouth of Hogpen Greek i CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries SUB-BASIN (From Lower Island. Point-Jf- to North Point->Hi-) DISTANCES EROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 T— 3 C '^"r- Middle River Frog Mortar Creek Frog Mortar Creek Frog Mortar Creek Frog Mortar Creek Frog Mortar Creek Frog Mortar Creek Stansbury Creek Stansbury Creek Frog Mortar Greek Frog Mortar Creek Middle River 14iddle River Galloway Creek Galloxiray Creek Middle River Middle River Sue Creek Sue Creek Sue Creek Middle River Middle River CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Browns Creek Brovras Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Back River Back River Herring Run Herring Run Herring Run Herring Run Herring Run LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPHON (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 k 5 r~ 2o0/Mouth of Frog Mortar Creek /Head of Frog Mortar Creek 2,070utfall, General Service Adminis- tration Oo6/Long Beach Marina, Edvjards Boat YarJ C^/Outfall, Martin Co.,, Airport Oo5/Seaplane Base Ramp 0,2/Mouth of Stansbury Creek /Head of Stansbury Creek OjS/Mouth of Stansbury Creek Oe2/Mouth of Stansbury Greek O.O/kouth of Frog Mortar Creek 2cO/Mouth of Frog Mortar Creek Icl/Mouth of Galloway Creek /Head of Galloway Creek "oTo/iAouth of Galloway Creek l-l/iVIouth of Galloway Creek 03 6/Mouth of Sue Creek /Head of Sue Creek "OoO/Baltimore Yacht Club on Sue Island OoO/Mouth of Sue Creek Oo6/lio\ith of Sue Creek GoO/Mouth of Middle River 168,5/Mouth of Middle River I67c,6/Breezy Point Beach I67o2/Mouth of Browns Creek 0,5/Head of Browns Creek OBO/Mouth of Browns Creek 167.2/Mouth of Browns Creek l67cO/lsland View Beach l65.VMouth of Back River 5'.2/Head of Back River 9,2/Mouth of Herring Run ^/Head of Herring Run 9r9/Outfall, Friez Instrument Division Bendix Corp« 9c.9/Outfall, American Totalizator Co. 9<.9/Outfall, Black & Decker Company 8c9/County Line, Upstream - Baltimore County, Downstream - Balto. City ~7Mouth of West Branch, Herring Run /Head of West Branch, Herring Run l.U/Outfall, Ready-mixed concrete plant O«0/Mouth of West Branch, Herring Run /Mouth of West Branch, Herring Run Herring Run West Branch, Herring Run West Branch, Herring Run West Branch, Herring Run Herring Run - 2 - 1 CHE3.APE-\KE BAY, Wi:;ST£RM SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries SUB-BASIN rFrom Lower Island Point-;:- to North Point-;Hl) DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) (Magnitude 1 2 3 U 3 5~" 1 2 3" RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION of Waterway) Herring Run Herring Run Chinquapin Run Chinquapin Run Chinquapin Run Chinquapin Run Chinquapin R'on Chinquapin Run Chinquapin Run Chinquapin Run Herring Run Herring Run Herring Run Herring Run Herring Run Herring Run Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Herring Run Herring Run Herring Run Herring Run HerrIn'g~Rurr' ~ Moores Run Moores Run Moores Run Moores Run Moores Run Mocres Run 7c,li/Bridge, Echcdale Avenue 6.6/i4outh of Chinquapin Run /Head, of Chinquapin Run 2»0/Bridge, Northern Parkway 1,5/Bridge, Belvedere Avenue lo2/Bridge, Beauregard Avenue IcO/Bridge, Woodtaurne Avenue Oc6/Bridge, Loch Raven Boulevard Oo2/Bridge, Hillen Road O«0/Mouth of Chinquapin Run 6,6/^Iouth of Chinquapin Run 6oIt/Bridge, Arlington Avenue 5<,U/3ridge, Harford Road i;.ii/B^id.Sei Belair Road UoO/Bridgej Majinasota Avenue 2,9/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary /Head of Unn.amed Tributary I'o 2/ Outfall, Lord Baltimore Press^ Inc, 1,2/outfallj O'Brien Corporation lol/Outfall, Continental Can Co., Plant No, 16 1,0/Outfall, Continental Can Co., Plant No, 79 l.O/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad Ooj/Outfall, Armco Steel 0.7/Outfall, McCall-Boykin Co., Inc, 0,7/Bridge, Erdman Avenue 06 6/outfall, C. Hoffberger Co., Division of Gulf Oil Corp. O.O/Mouth of Unnamed. Tributary 2e9/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary lo8/Bridge, General Pulaski Highway 1.6/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad l»3/County Line, Upstream - Baltimore City, Downstream - Balto, County l»0^out"h of Moores_Run /Head of Moores Run, Balto. City 0,5/Outfall, Trailmobile, Inc. 0,5/Bridge, General Pulaski Highway 0,3/Henry Siejac Sanitary Landfill 0.2/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad 0«2/Gounty Line, Upstreain - Balto. City, Downstream - Balto r» County 0,075y:outh of Koores Run" l,0/y[outh of Moores Run O«l/Viouth of Redhouse Creek Moores Run Herring Run Herring Run - 3 - CHE3APIilPJ(E BAY, 1^]5TERM SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries SUB-BASIN (From Lower Island. Point-^- to North Point-;B;-y~ DISTAl-ICES FRCM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATK^NS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I . 2 3 U 5 ( D Redhouse Creek Redhcuse Creek Redhouse Creek Redhouse Creek Redhouse Greek Redhouse Creek Redhouse Creek Redhouse Creek Redhcuse Creek Redhouse Creek Redhouse Creek Herring Run Herring Run Back River Back Paver Back River Back River Back River Northeast Creek Northeast Creek Steniiners Run SteiTimers Run Stemmers Run Stemmers Run Steromers Run Brien Run Brier 1 Run Brier 1 Run Brier 1 Run Brier 1 Run Stemmers Run Stemmers Run Stemmers Run Stemmers Run Stemmers Run Stemmers Run Northeast Creek Northeast Creek Back River Back River Back River Back River Bread and Che iese Creek Bread and Che iese Creek LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 ¥ 3 ■^~~ /Head of Redhouse Creek 2,7/Bridge, Hazel wood Avenue lol/Outfall, Rosedale Passenger Lines l.O/Bridge, Philadelphia Road 0.8/Outfall, Kennedy Manufacturing Co. Og7/Cutfall, Joseph J, Martin Co„ 0.7/Bridge, Pulaski Highway (U,3. ItO) O.ii/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad OoU/Outfallj Champion Brick Co. 0,2/Robb Tyler Sanitary Landfill O.O/Mouth of Redhouse Creek Ool/Mouth of Redhouse Creek OcO/Mouth of Herring Run 9.2/Mouth of Herring Run 8,8/Bridgej Pennsylvania Railroad 8,7/Brid.ge, Proposed Site 8.;^/0utfall, Eastern Stainless Steel (I) 8.0/i4outh of Northeast Creek 1«3/Head of Northeast Creek 1.3/Mouth of Stemmers Rud /Head of Stemmers Run 2.l7Bridge, Md, Highway 7 1.8/Brid.ge, U. So Highway ij.0 Ia6/Bridge, B & 0 Railroad l.l/Mouth of Brien Run 1.6/Head of Brien Run /Intake, truck gardener 1.0/Gaging Station at Stemmers Run, Md. (D. a. Ie97) l.O/Bridge, Martin Blvd. O,0/Mouth of Brien Run l.l/Mouth of Brien Run l,0/Outfall, Perfection Laundry 0,85/Bridge, Golden Ring Road 0,75/Bridge, Pennsylvania Railroad, 0.5/lntake, truck gardener at Stemmers Run, Mdo O„0/Mouth of Stemmers Run 1.3/Mouth of Stemmers Run O.O/Mouth of Northeast Creek 8.0/Mouth of Northeast Creek 7.8/Bridge, Md, 1^0, Eastern Avenue 7«2/Baltimore City Back River Sewage Works 6,9/Mouth of Bread and Cheese Creek /Head of Bread and Cheese Creek 1.0/Bridge, North Point Road h - giESAPEAKE BAY, I/JEGTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries SUB -BASIN (From Lower Island Point-!;- to North Point-J;-"-) DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATEP.WAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN !^JATER^JAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterwa-"-) 1 3 T Bread and Cheese Creek Bread and Cheese Creek Bread and. Cheese Creek Back River Back River Deep Creek Deep Creek Dee Unnamed Tributary- Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Deep Creek Deep Creek Back River Back River Muddy Cut Muddy Cut Back River Back River Back River Back River CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Shallow Creek Shallow Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRI?^ (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 — 2 — —H 5 — S- [ON 0.8/Brid.ge, Erdman Avenue O.l/Outfall, Baltimore Back River Sewage Treatment Plant O.O/Mouth of Bread and Cheese Creek 6.9/Mouth of Bread and Cheese Creek 6„3/Mouth of Deep Creek /Head, of Deep Creek 0, 2/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary /Head of Unnamed. Tributary l»5/0utfall, Essex Hy-Grad.e Laundry I 0,0/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 0.2/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary OcO/Mouth of Deep Creek 6.3/iyiouth of Deep Creek Uc9/Mouth of Muddy Cut /Read, of Muddy Cut OTO/Mouth of Muddy Cut Uo9/Mouth of Muddy Cut 3,0/Green Hill Cove 0„3/Hawk Cove 0,0/Mouth of Back River l65.I|./Mouth of Back River I62o2/Mouth of Shallow Creek /Eead of Shallow Creek O.O/Mouth of Shallow Greek 162,2/Mouth of Shallow Creek 161.7/North Point, Baltimore County D. A' Drainage Area, square miles ^> Lower Island. Point is in Baltimore County, Maryland, at mouth of Gunpowder River, i-x- North Point is at Fort Howard in Baltimore County, Maryland., at mouth of Patapsco River » Januaiy, 1965 - 5 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, Appendix A WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN PataDsco River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERVJAY AND DxRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterx-jay) 1~~2 3 H 5 5~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 h s r~ CHESAPEAKE BAY, VffiSTERN SHORE Patapsco River* Patapsco River North~3ranch North Branch East Branch East Branch Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed. Tributary East Branch East Branch Unnamed. Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary East Branch East Branch East Branch Indian Run Indian Run Indian Run East Branch East Branch East Branch Aspen Run Aspen Run Aspen Run White Oak Run White Oak Run Aspen Run Aspen Run East Branch East Branch East Branch East Branch North Branch North Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch Unnamed Tributary Unnamed. Tributary l60.U/Mouth of Patapsco River 36.14/Head of Patapsco River 36»ii/Mouth of North Brajich Patapsco River 20TB /'Read of~North~Branchj "Carroll County" 20,5/Mouth of East Branch of North Brajnch 8o9/Head of East Branch y.VMouth of Unnamed Tributary lo2/Head of Unnamed. Tributary"- 1.2/Outfall, Greenmount Can Co. O.U/Outfall, V/alsh Fuel Oil Co. O.O/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 7eU/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 7.2/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary /Head of Unnamed Tributary 0,9/Head of Cascade Lake near Snydersburg 0,7/Dam, Cascade Lake near Snydersburg O.O/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 7«2/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 7.1/Bridge, Md. U82 6.ii/Mouth of Indian Run /Head of Indian Run near Harap stead O.l/Bridge, Secondary Road near Shiloh O.O/Mouth of Indian Run 6,i;/Mouth of Indian Run 6.2/Bridge, Shiloh Road at Shiloh U.U/Mouth of Aspen Run /Head of Aspen Run 2c8/Bridge, Md. 1+82 at Brummel l.l/Mouth of White Oak Run /Head of White Oak Run O.O/Mouth of l*iite Oak Run l.l/Mouth of White Oak Run O.O/Mouth of Aspen Run il.U/Mouth of Aspen Run 2.6/Bridge, Carroll Road 0,7/.Bridgej Weley Road O.O/Mouth of East Branch (D,A, 21,1) 20,5Aiouth of East Branch of North Branch 20.5/Mouth of West Branch of North Branch 9.3/Head of West Branch 8.0/Bridge, Lemmon Road 7.5/Bridge, Sullivan Road 6.5/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary ^/Head of Unnamed Tributary 1.0/ Outfall, Koontz Dairy CHES.^PE.'UvE BAY, WESTgRJM SHORE PataDsco River DRAINAGE BASIN SUB-BiiSIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE ARK^S FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Vfateraay) (Magnitude of Waterway) 3 6 1 3 T Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary West Branch West Branch West Branch Cranberry Branch Cranberry Branch Cranberry Branch Cranberry Branch Cranberry Branch Cranberry Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch West Branch North Branch North Branch North Branch Deep Run Deep Run Deep Run Deep Run Aspen Run Aspen Run Deep Run Deep Run North Branch North Branch Board Run Board Run North Branch North Branch North Branch North Branch Roaring Run Roaring Run North Branch North Branch North Branch 0,9/Outfall, Finch Services Co. 0.8/Outfall, B. F. Shriver Co. 0,2/Outfall, Halm Brothers Co. O.O/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 6,5/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 6o2/Bridgej Md. 31 near Westminster 6.1/Mouth of Cranberry Branch ^/^ea-d of Cranberrj' Branch 0,5/Gaging Station, near West- minster, Md. (D, a. 3.aO) /Dam, downstream end of Cran- berry Reservoir 0.2/lntake, Filtration Plant at Cranberry Station 0.1/Bridge, Md . 31 at Cranberry Station O.O/Mouth of Cranberry Branch 6,1/Mouth of Cranberry Branch U.l/Bridge, Tannery Road 2.5/Carrollton 2.5/Bridge, Reese Road 0,3/Bridge, Western Md. Railroad OoO/t'Iouth of West Branch (D,A= 20,8) 20.5/Mouth of West Branch of North Branch 19»2/Bridge, V/estern Md. Railroad 19.l/Mouth of Deep Run /Head of Deep Run near Hampstead 6.8/Dam, Black & Decker Mfg, Co, 6.8/lntake & Outfall, Black & Decker Manufacturing Company 3.l4./Mouth of Aspen Run /Read of Aspen Run O.O/Mouth of Aspen Run 3.VMouth of Aspen Run 0>.0/Mouth of Deep Run 19.1/Mouth of Deep Run 18.8/kouth of Board Run /head of Board Run OeO/Mouth of Board Run 18.8/Mouth of Board Run 18.5/Bridge, Lawndale Road 17.7/Brid.ge, Western Md. Railroad 17.U/Mouth of Roaring Run ^/Head of Roaring Run O.O/Mouth of Roaring Run IT.VMouth of Roaring Run 17.1/Outfall, Finksburg Sewage Disposal Plant 17.0/lntake, Westminster - 2 - I CHESAPEAJffi BAY^IVESTERN SHORE DRAINAG5 B.iSIN Patapsco River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROK MOUTH OF WATKRIJAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS KAIN WATERWAYS AJ® TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 '~2 3 n F ^~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Vj'aterway) 1 2 3 u r~5^ North Branch North Branch North Branch North Branch North Branch North Branch North Branch North Branch Unnamed Tributary l6c95/Dam, at Congoleum-Nairn Co,,, Inc. 16,9/lntake From mile point 3u.7 to mile point l6.9, the Fatapsco River is boundary between Baltimore and. Howai'd Counties, Maryland ■j«HHi-;i- From mile point 16,85 to mile point 11. U, the Fatapsco River is the boundary between Baltimore and. Anne Arundel Counties, Maryland. ^HHi->,H<-^'«- From mile point U.U to the mouth, the Fatapsco River is boundary between Baltimore and Anne Arundel Counties, Maryland. January, 1965 - 17 - Appendix A CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DIRECT DRAINAGE rW MINOR TRIBUTARIES DRAINAGE BASIN SU6-BASIN From Rock Point -x- to Drum Point-;K;- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERVIAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATSRIaJAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterwav) T 2 3 II — 5 ^~ LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) 2 1 11 5 S~ CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Bodkin Creek Bodkin Creek Bodkin Creek IflJharf Creek Wharf Creek Bodkin Creek Bodkin Creek Bodkin Creek Main Creek Main Creek Main Creek Main Creek Main Creek Bodkin Creek Bodkin Creek Back Creek Back Creek Bodkin Creek Bodkin Creek Bodkin Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Magothy River Magothy River Magothy River Magothy River Magothy River Old Man Creek Old Man Creek Magothy River Magothy River Cockey Creek Cockey Creek 158.5/Hines Pond 158.2/Paradise Beach 1$8,0/Letha Pond l57.7/Boyd Pond l^Y.ij/Bayside Beach 157.0/Mcuth of Bodkin Creek 1.1/Head of Bodlcin Creek l.l/Locust Cove l.l/Mouth of Wharf Creek /Head of Wharf Creek UTO/Mouth of Wharf Creek l.l/Mouth of Wharf Creek 0.8/Ashlar Pond 0.6/Mouth of Main Creek /Head of Main Creek 1»3/Mathias Cove 0.6/Jubb Cove 0.5/Goose Cove O.O/Mouth of Main Creek 0.6/Mouth of Main Creek 0.3/Mouth of Back Creek /Head of Back Creek ~D75/Mouth of Back Creek 0.3/Mouth of Back Creek 0.2/Old House Cove 0.0/Mouth of Bodkin Creek l57.0/Mouth of Bodkin Creek l5l4.5/Town of Pinehurst /Proposed Outfall, Mountain Road Sewage Treatment Plant l5l»6/Gibson Island Beach lJ49.3/Mouth of Magothy River /Head of Magothy River 9.1/Dam, Lake Waterford 9,0/Bridge, Md, Highway 6U8 7.8/Bridge, Secondary Road near Royal Beach 6.VMouth of Old Man Creek /Head of Old Man Creek OTO/Mouth of Old Man Creek 6.VMouth of Old Man Creek 6.0/Mouth of Cockey Creek /Head of Cockey Creek O',0/Mouth of Cockey Creek CKESAPEAKE BAY, I'JESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUI'ARIES SUB-BASIN From Rock Point -Jf- to Drum Point -"-;*■ DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATEH«JAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN Waterways aw tributaries LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 U b b 1 2 ^ h b b Magothy River 6.0/Mouth of Cockey Creek Magothy River 5.7/Mouth of Cattail Creek Cattail Creek /Head of Cattail Creek Cattail Creek OoO/Mouth of Cattail Creek Magothy River 5.7/Mouth of Cattail Creek Magothy River U.8/Mouth of CjTpress Creek Cypress Creek /Head of Cjrpress Creek C3rpress Creek I.l/Bridge, Governor Ritchie Highway, (Md. 2) Cypress Creek O.O/Mouth of Cypress Creek Magothy River U.8/Mouth of C3rpress Creek Magothy River i4.6/Mouth of Dividing Creek Dividing Creek /Head of Dividing Creek Dividing Creek UoU/Mouth of Dividing Creek Magothy River ii.6/Mouth of Dividing Creek Magothy River Lt.5/Mouth of Mill Creek Mill Creek /Head of Mill Creek Mill Creek O.O/Mouth of Mill Creek Magothy River l4.5/Mouth of Mill Creek Magothy River U.O/Mouth of Blackhole Creek Blackhole Creek /Head of Blackhole Creek O.O/Mouth of Blackhole Creek Blackhole Creek Magothy River U.O/Mouth of Blackhole Creek Magothy River 3.7/Spriggs Pond Magothy River 3.2/Mouth of Forked Creek Forked Creek /Head of Forked Creek Forked Creek 0,3/Coolspring Cove Forked Creek O.O/Mouth of Forked Creek Magothy River 3.2/Mouth of Forked Creek Magothy River 3.0/Mouth of Broad Creek Broad Creek 0,6/Head of Broad Creek Broad Creek O.O/Mouth of Broad Creek Magothy River 3.0/Mouth of Broad Creek Magothy River 2.6/Mouth of Park Creek Park Creek 0,3/Head of Park Creek Park Creek O.O/Mouth of Park Creek Magothy River 2.6/Mouth of Park Creek Magothy River 1,6/Mouth of Sillery Bay Sillery Bay 1.3/Head of Sillery Bay Sillery Bay 1,3/Mouth of Magothy Narrows Magothy Narrows 0.8/Head of Magothy Narrows Magothy Narrows 0.8/Redhouse Cove Magothy Narrows 0,8/lnner Harbour - 2 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, I'JESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES SUB-BASIN From Rock Point-«- to Drum Point rri^- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERlAfAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of WaterfrTay) I 2 3 n 5 S~ LOCATION: (Magnitude of Watervmy) I — 2 — J— E — S — 1'~ Magothy Narrows Cornfield Creek Cornfield Creek Magothy Narrows Magothy Narrows Sillery Bay Sillery Bay Sillery Bay Grays Creek Grays Creek Sillery Bay Sillery Bay Sillery Bay Sillery Bay Magothy River Magothy River Deep Creek Deep Creek Magothy River Magothy River CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Little Magothy River Little Magothy River CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Whitehall Creek Whitehall Creek Whitehall Creek Whitehall Creek Rid out Creek Ridout Creek Ridout Creek O,l/Mouth of Cornfield Creek ^/Head of Cornfield Creek UTD/Mouth of Cornfield Creek O.l/Mouth of Cornfield Creek O.O/Mouth of Magothy Narrows 1.3/Mouth of Magothy Narrows 0.9/Tar Cove O.it/Mouth of Grays Creek /Eead of Grays Creek ^T^I^Mouth of Grays Creek O.Ii/Mouth of Grays Creek 0.3/Cooleys Pond O.l/Long Cove OeO/Mouth of Sillery Bay (At Dobbins Island) 1.6/Mouth of Sillery Bay 0,7/Mouth of Beep Creek ^/Head of Deep Creek UTO/Mouth of Deep Creek Oe7/Mouth of Deep Creek O.O/Mouth of Magothy River (D. A. 39.9) lU9.3/Mouth of Magothy River liiS.S/Mouth of Little Magothy River ^/Head of Little Magothy River UT^^Mouth of Little Magothy River lli8.8/Mouth of Little Magothy River ^/Proposed Outfall, Broad Neck Sewage Treatment Plant ^/Outfall, Sandy Point State Prison /Outfall, Sandy Point State Park 111577 /Sandy Point lUU.5/Bridge, U.S. Highway 301 & U.S. 50 IUU.3/M0SS Pond lU3.6/Goose Pond ll43.3/Mouth of Whitehall Creek /Head of Whitehall Creek 57Ii7Bridge, U.S. Highway $0 3.2/Bridge, St. Margarets Road 1.5/Mouth of Ridout Creek /Head of Ridout Creek 0.5/Chesapeake Bay Institute Field Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Univ, O.O/Mouth of Ridout Creek - 3 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN SUB-BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AMD MINOR TRIBUTARIES From Rock Point-x- to Drum Point-;Hi- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — 3 — U — 5 — F- LOCATION: ( Magnitude of Waterway ) 1 2 3 IT Whitehall Creek Whitehall Creek Meredith Creek Meredith Creek Whitehall Creek Whitehall Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Mill Creek Mill Creek Mill Creek Mill Creek Burley Creek Burley Creek Mill Creek Mill Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Severn River Severn River Severn Run Severn Run Severn Run Picture Frame Branch Picture Frame Branch Picture Frame Branch Picture Frame Branch Severn Run Severn Run Severn Run Jabez Branch Jabez Branch Severn Run Severn Run Severn Run Severn River Severn River Severn River Forked Creek Forked Creek 1.5/Mouth of Ridout Creek 0.7/Mouth of Meredith Creek /Head of Meredith Creek UT^TMouth of Meredith Creek 0,7/Mouth of Meredith Creek O.O/Mouth of Vlhitehall Creek lii3.3/Mouth of Whitehall Creek lUa.l/Mouth of Mill Creek /Head of Mill Creek 2,2/Bridge, St, Margarets Highway 0.8/Martins Cove 0.2/Mouth of Burley Creek /Head of Burley Creek CiTS/Mouth of Burley Creek 0.2/Mouth of Burley Creek O.O/Mouth of Mill Creek IhB.l/Mouth of Mill Creek lU2.8/Mouth of Severn River 12.9/Head of Severn River 12.9/Mouth of Severn Run /Head of Severn Run U.O/Bridge, Gambrills Road 2.i|/Mouth of Picture Frame Branch /Head of Picture Frame Branch m/Outfall, National Plastics Products, Inc. l.O/Outfall, National Store Fixtures O.O/Mouth of Picture Frame Branch 2.U/Mouth of Picture Frame Branch 1.2/Fish Hatchery, Upstream of Bridge on Md. 3 0.7/Mouth of Jabez Branch /Head of Jabez Branch UTO/Mouth of Jabez Branch 0.7/Mouth of Jabez Branch 0.5/Bridge, Md. Highway 3 at Benfield (D. A. 23.9) O.O/Mouth of Severn Run 12,9/Mouth of Severn Run 11.2/Whitneys Landing lO.VMouth of Forked Creek /Head of Forked Creek DT^^Mouth of Forked Creek - h - CHESAPEAKE BAY, IaTESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES From Rock Point-Js- to Dr-um Poinfi SUB- BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) T MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) T T — 5" 3 T Severn River Severn River Valentine Creek Valentine Creek Gurabottom Branch Gumbottoiii Branch Plum Creek Plum Creek Gumbottom Branch Gumbottom Branch Valentine Creek Valentine Creek Severn River Severn River Yantz Creek Yantz Creek Severn River Severn River Sullivan Cove Sullivan Cove Severn River Severn River Ringgold Cove Ringgold Cove Severn River Severn River Round Bay Round Bay Manderes Creek Manderes Creek Deep Ditch Branch Deep Ditch Branch Manderes Creek Manderes Creek Round Bay Round Bay Hopkins Creek Hopkins Creek Round Bay Round Bay Little Round Bay Little Round Bay Little Round Bay Little Round Bay 10.5/Mouth of Forked Creek 9,0/Mouth of Valentine Creek /Head of Valentine Creek ITTS/Mouth of Gumbottom Branch /Head of Gumbottom Branch UTB/Mouth of Plum Creek /Head of Plum Creek UT^^Mouth of Plum Creek 0.8/Mouth of Plum Creek O„0/Mouth of Gumbottom Branch 0.2/Mouth of Gumbottom Branch O.O/Mouth of Valentine Creek 9.0/Mouth of Valentine Creek 8.9/Mouth of Yantz Creek /Head of Yantz Creek UID/Mouth of Yantz Creek 8.9/Mouth of Yantz Creek 8.l/Mouth of Sullivan Cove ^/Head of Sullivan Cove ^T^Mouth of Sullivan Cove 8.1/Mouth of Sullivan Cove 6.8/Mouth of Ringgold Cove /Head of Ringgold Cove UTO/lMouth of Ringgold Cove 6.8/Mouth of Ringgold Cove 6.8/Mouth of Round Bay l.l/Head of Round Bay l.l/Mouth of Manderes Creek /Head of Manderes Creek OTF/Mouth of Deep Ditch Branch /Head of Deep Ditch Branch DTH/Mouth of Deep Ditch Branch 0,5/Mouth of Deep Ditch Branch O.O/Mouth of Manderes Creek l.l/Mouth of Manderes Creek l.l/Mouth of Hopkins Creek ^/Head of Hopkins Creek O.O/Mouth of Hopkins Creek l.l/Mouth of Hopkins Creek 0.6/Mouth of Little Round Bay /Head of Little Round Bay ^/Fred 's Marina and Boat Livery /Outfall, Spring Overflow UTS/Mouth of Little Round Bay - 5 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTER]\I SHORE DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES DRAINAGE BASIN SUB-BASIN From Rock Point-;*- to Drum Point^tts- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DP.AINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATEWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 — 2 — 3 — n — 5 — r~ LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 Round Bay Round Bay Severn River Severn River Severn River Asquith Creek Asquith Creek Severn River Severn River Brewer Creek Brewer Creek Brewer Creek Severn River Severn River Clements Creek Clements Creek Severn River Severn Pd.ver Chase Creek Chase Creek Severn River Severn River Saltworks Creek Saltworks Creek Severn River Severn River Luce Creek Luce Creek Severn River Severn River Severn River Cool Spring Cove Cool Spring Cove Severn River Severn River Severn River Weems Creek Weems Creek Weems Creek Weems Creek Weems Creek Severn River 0.6/Mouth of Little Round Bay O.O/Mouth of Round Bay 6.8/Mouth of Round Bay 6.3/Brewer Pond 6.0/Mouth of Asquith Creek ^/Head of Asquith Creek nr^Mouth of Asquith Creek 6,0/Mouth of Asquith Creek 5i.U/Mouth of Brewer Creek /Head of Brewer Creek /intake, Sherwood Forest 0.0/Mouth of Brewer Creek 5.1i/Mouth of Brewer Creek U.9/Mouth of Clements Creek /Head of Clements Creek UrT57Mouth of Clements Creek l4,9/Mouth of Clements Creek [i.6/Mouth of Chase Creek ^/Head of Chase Creek UTTS/Mouth of Chase Creek U.6/Mouth of Chase Creek ii.6/Mouth of Saltworks Creek /Head of Saltworks Creek UT^TMouth of Saltworks Creek l;,6/Mouth of Saltworks Creek 3.9/Mouth of Luce Creek /Head of Luce Creek (Jm7"Mouth of Luce Creek 3.9/Mouth of Luce Creek 3.8/Dreams Landings 3.75/Mouth of Cool Spring Cove /Head of Cool Spring Cove OoO/Mouth of Cool Spring Cove 3.75/Mouth of Cool Spring Cove 3.5/Bridge, Blue Star Memorial Highway (U.S. Rt's. 50 & 301, Md„ Rt. 2) 3.1/Mouth of Weems Creek /Head of Weems Creek IT^Bridge, U.S. Highway 50 0.9/Bridge, Md. Highway 70 0.8/Bridge, Md. Highway h36 0.0/Mouth of Weems Creek 3.1/Mouth of Weems Creek - 6 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AMD MINOR TRIBUTARIES From Rock Point-x- to Drum Point-x-^- SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERWAYS AND TPJBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 — 2 — 3 — n — 5 — r LOCATION: ( Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 U S ^~ Severn River Severn River Severn River College Creek College Creek College Creek College Creek College Creek College Creek Severn River Severn River Severn River Spa Creek Spa Creek Spa Creek Spa Creek Severn River Severn River Severn River Carr Creek Carr Creek Carr Creek Severn River Severn River Severn River Back Creek Back Creek Severn River Severn River CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Blackwalnut Creek Blackwalnut Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Oyster Creek Oyster Creek 2,9/Bridge, Baltimore & Annapolis Railroad 2.1/Bridge, Md. Highway U50 1.7/Mouth of College Creek 1.5/Head of College Creek 0.7/Bridge, Roscoe C. Rowe Highway 1.2/Bridge, Taylor Avenue 0.5/Bridge, King George Street 0.35/Bridge, Drawbridge 0,0/Mouth of College Creek 1.7/Mouth of College Creek 1.3/U.S. Naval Academy l.O/Mouth of Spa Creek 2.14/Head of Spa Creek 1.7/Bridge, Spa Road 0, It/Bridge, Main Street 0,0/Mouth of Spa Creek l.O/Mouth of Spa Creek 0,,6/Seaplane Base O.U/Mouth of Carr Creek ^/Head of Carr Creek UTB/Outfall, Sewage Treatment Plant, Severn River Naval Command O.O/Mouth of Carr Creek O.U/Mouth of Carr Creek 0<,3/0utfall, Annapolis Sewage Treatment Plant 0.2/Mouth of Back Creek /Head of Back Creek UT^Mouth of Back Creek 0,2/Mouth of Back Creek O„0/Mouth of Severn River (Mouth at midpoint of line from Greenbury Point to Chinks Point) ( D. A. 68.9 ) 1142.8/Mouth of Severn River lUO.U/Lake Ogleton lUO.O/Town, Bay Ridge 139.VMouth of Blackwalnut Creek /Head of Blackwalnut Creek UTO/Mcuth of Blackwalnut Creek 139.5/Mouth of Blackwalnut Creek 139.3/Mouth of Oyster Creek /Head of Oyster Creek UTO/Mouth of Oyster Creek - 7 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES SUB -BASIN From Rock Point* to Drum Point-;Hi- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MIN WATERWAYS AITO 'TRIB'UTARIES LOCATION: RIYim MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 li 5 6 1 2 3 li 5 ^^ CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Fishing Creek Fishing Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY South River South River North River North River North River Tarnans Branch Tarnans Branch North River North River South River South River Bacon Ridge Branch Bacon Ridge Branch Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Bacon Ridge Branch Bacon Ridge Branch Bacon Ridge Branch Bacon Ridge Branch South River South River South River Flat Creek Flat Creek Flat Creek South River South River Broad Creek Broad Creek North Basin North Basin 139e3/Mouth of Oyster Creek 139.0/Town, Arundel on the Bay 138 oh/Mouth of Fishing Creek /Head of Fishing Creek OoG/Mouth of Fishing Creek 138. It/Mouth of Fishing Creek 137«6Alouth of South River 9.8/Head of South River (At mouths of North River and Bacon Ridge Branch) 9.8/Mouth of North River /Head of North River 0.8/Gaging Station near Annapolis, Maryland (D.A, 8o5) 0,3/Mouth of Tarnans Branch /Head of Tarnans Branch 0,0/Mouth of Tarnans Branch 0,3/Mouth of Tarnans Branch O.O/kouth of North River 9.8/Mouth of North River 9,8Alouth of Bacon Ridge Branch S.O/Head of Bacon Ridge Branch ^/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary y^ead of Unnamed Tributary 1,5/Outfall, Crownsville State Hospital OaO/yiouth of Unnamed Tributary /Mouth of Unnamed Tributary lo25/Gaging Station, at Chesterfield, Maryland (D, A, 6^92) Oa3/Bridge, Md, Highway Ii50 OoO/Mouth of Bacon Ridge Branch (D. Ao 9M) 9.3/Mouth of Bacon Ridge Branch 9,7/Bridge, John Hanson Highway (U.S. 50) 8c,2/Mouth of Flat Creek /Head of Flat Creek 0,8/Bridge, Governor Bridge Road 0,0/Mouth of Flat Creek 8.2/yiouth of Flat Creek 7ol/Mouth of Broad Creek 2o3/Head of Broad Creek 2o3/Mouth of North Basin /Head of North Basin O^oTi'Iouth of North Basin - 8 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES DRAINAGE BASIN SUB-BASIN From Rock Point* to Drum Point-;Hs- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES ( Mag nitude of Waterway ) I 1 3 S 5 S~ LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 S 5 T" Broad Creek Broad Creek South Basin South Basin Broad Creek Broad Creek Broad Creek Broad Creek Broad Creek Broad Creek South River South River South River Beards Creek Beards Creek Beards Creek South River South River Gingerville Creek Gingerville Creek South River South River South River South River Warehouse Creek Warehouse Creek South River South River Church Creek Church Creek South River South River Almshouse Creek Almshouse Creek South River South River Crab Creek Crab Creek South River South River 7. 6. 6. 5. 3. 2,3/Mouth of North Basin 2.3/Mouth of South Basin /Head of South Basin UTS/Mouth of South Basin 2.3/Mouth of South Basin 2.3/Dam 2,3/lntake, Pumping Station, Sub, Station Water Works (On Md. U50, 2 mi. west of Annapolis) 2.2/Bridge, Md. Highway h$Q) 2.0/Bridge, U.S. 50 (John Hanson Highway) O.O/Mouth of Broad Creek l/Mouth of Broad Creek 9/Bridge, Old Ferry Road (Piiva Road) 6/Mouth of Beards Creek ^/Head of Beards Creek O.U/Hardesty 's Cove O.O/Mouth of Beards Creek 6/Mouth of Beards Greek 8/Mouth of Gingerville Creek /Head of Gingerville Creek UTW'Mouth of Gingerville Creek 8/Mouth of Gingerville Creek 7/Bridge, Md. Highway 2 6/South River Yacht Club U/Mouth of Warehouse Creek ^/Head of Warehouse Creek O.O/Mouth of Warehouse Creek U/Mouth of Warehouse Creek O/Mouth of Church Creek /Head of Church Creek UTO/Mouth of Church Creek O/Mouth of Church Creek 8/Mouth of Almshouse Creek /Head of Almshouse Creek O.O/Mouth of Almshouse Creek 8/Mouth of Almshouse Creek 7/Mouth of Crab Creek ^/Head of Crab Creek ^TS/Mouth of Crab Creek 7/Mouth of Crab Creek 9/Mouth of Glebe Creek - 9 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, VIESTERM SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES SUB-BASIN From Rock Point-;^ to Drum Point-x-;;- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2- 3 b LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) IT 1 3 T" Glebe Creek Glebe Creek Glebe Branch Glebe Branch Glebe Branch Glebe Creek Glebe Creek South River South River Aberdeen Creek Aberdeen Creek South River South River Brewer Creek Brewer Creek Pocahontas Creek Pocahontas Creek Brewer Creek Brewer Creek South River South River Harness Creek Harness Creek South River South River South River Duvall Creek Duvall Creek South River South River South River South River South River CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY West River West River West River Johns Creek Johns Creek /Head of Glebe Creek U757Mouth of Glebe Branch ^/Head of Glebe Branch DTTi/Bridge, Md. Highway 2lU (Central Ave. ) O.O/Mouth of Glebe Branch 0.6/Mouth of Glebe Branch O.O/Mouth of Glebe Creek 3.9/Mouth of Glebe Creek 3.8/Mouth of Aberdeen Creek /Head of Aberdeen Creek urn/Mouth of Aberdeen Creek 3.8/Mouth of Aberdeen Creek 3.3/Mouth of Brewer Creek 0.3/Head of Brewer Creek 0,3/Mouth of Pocahontas Creek 0.3/Head of Pocahontas Creek O.O/Mouth of Pocahontas Creek 0.3/Mouth of Pocahontas Creek O.O/Mouth of Brewer Creek 3.3/Mouth of Brewer Creek 3.0/Mouth of Harness Creek /Head of Harness Creek O.O/Mouth of Harness Creek 3.0/Mouth of Harness Creek 1.8/Selby Bay 1.7/Mouth of Duvall Creek ^/Head of Duvall Creek Uri37Mouth of Duvall Creek 1.7/Mouth of Duvall Creek 1.2/Cherrytree Cove 0.8/Ramsay Lake 0.2/Big Pond O.O/Mouth of South River (Mouth at mid- point of line from Marshy Point to Saunders Point (D.A. 66.1) 137.6/Mouth of South River 135.7/Town, Beverly Beach 13U.8/Mouth of West River ^/Head of West River lj..5/Bridge, Shady Side Road 3.i4/Mouth of Johns Creek /Head of Johns Creek UTO/Mouth of Johns Creek - 10 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, VTESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES From Rock Point-;;- to Drum PointiHi- SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERiArAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS LOCATION: MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — 3 — n — s — 5— RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 5 3 n S 5~" West River West River Smith Creek Smith Creek Smith Creek West River West River Lerch Creek Lerch Creek Lerch Creek West River West River South Creek South Creek West River West River Tenthouse Creek Tenthouse Creek Tenthouse Creek Cox Creek Cox Creek Tenthouse Creek Tenthouse Creek West River West River Popham Creek Popham Creek West River West River Scaffold Creek Scaffold Creek West River West River West River Cheston Creek Cheston Creek West River West River Rhode River Rhode River Fox Creek Fox Creek Rhode River Rhode River 3.VMouth of Johns Creek 3.2/Mouth of Smith Creek /Head of Smith Creek T727Bridge, Shady Side Road O.O/Mouth of Smith Creek 3.2/Mouth of Smith Creek 2.9/Mouth of Lerch Greek ^/Head of Lerch Creek T757Bridge, Shady Side Road O.O/Mouth of Lerch Creek 2.9/Mouth of Lerch Creek 2.3/Mouth of South Creek /Head of South Creek UTS/Mouth of South Creek 2.3/Mouth of South Creek 2oO/Mouth of Tenthouse Creek ^/Head of Tenthouse Creek O5/0utfall, B„M, Woodfield 0.3/Mouth of Cox Creek /Head of Cox Creek DTO/Mouth of Cox Creek 0.3/Mouth of Cox Creek O.O/Mouth of Tenthouse Creek 2.0/Mouth of Tenthouse Creek 1.5/Mouth of Popham Creek /Head of Popham Creek UTD/Mouth of Popham Creek 1.5/Mouth of Popham Creek 1.3/Mouth of Scaffold Creek ^/Head of Scaffold Creek CTD/Mouth of Scaffold Creek 1.3/Mouth of Scaffold Creek 1.2/Deadwood Cove l.O/Mouth of Cheston Creek /Head of Cheston Creek DTD/Mouth of Cheston Creek l.O/Mouth of Cheston Creek O.U/Mouth of Rhode River /Head of Rhode River TTH/Month of Fox Creek /Head of Fox Creek O.O/Mouth of Fox Creek 2.ii/Mouth of Fox Creek 2.3/Mouth of Boathouse Creek - 11 - CHESAPEAKE BAY. WESTEM SHORE DRAINAGE BASIM DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES From Rock Point-:^- to Drum Point-;;-)!- SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 U T~E- LOCATION: (Magnitude of WaterwayO I 2 3 T Boathouse Creek Boathouse Creek Muddy Creek Muddy Creek Mill Swamp Branch Mill Swamp Branch Muddy Creek Muddy Creek Muddy Creek Boathouse Creek Boathouse Creek Rhode River Rhode River Sellman Creek Sellman Creek Rhode River Rhode River Bear Neck Creek Bear Neck Creek Bear Neck Creek Whitemarsh Creek Whitemarsh Creek Bear Neck Creek Bear Neck Creek Rhode River Rhode River Cadle Creek Cadle Creek Rhode River Rhode River West River West River Parrish Creek Parrish Creek West River West River CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Jack Creek Jack Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY /Head of Boathouse Creek ^TI/Mouth of Muddy Creek /Head of Muddy Creek TH/Mouth of Mill Swamp Branch /Head of Mill Swamp Branch O.O/Mouth of Mill Swamp Branch 2.1/Mouth of mil Swamp Branch 1.9/Bridge, Muddy Creek Road O.O/Mouth of Muddy Creek Ool/Mouth of Muddy Creek OoO/Mouth of Boathouse Creek 2,3/Mouth of Boathouse Creek 2.2/Mouth of Sellman Creek 1,7/Head of Sellman Creek O„0/Mouth of Sellman Creek 2.2/Mouth of Sellman Creek 1,7/Mouth of Bear Neck Creek 1,9/Head of Bear Neck Creek 1. ^/Bridge, Mayo Road, Md. 2lU 0.6/Mouth of Whitemarsh Creek 0. 8/Head of Whitemarsh Creek O.O/Mouth of Whitemarsh Creek 0.6/Mouth of Whitemarsh Creek O.O/Mouth of Bear Neck Creek 1.7/Mouth of Bear Neck Creek 1,0/Mouth of Cadle Creek 0. 8/Head of Cadle Creek O.O/Mouth of Cadle Creek 1.0/Mouth of Cadle Creek O.O/Mouth of Rhode River O.ij/Mouth of Rhode River 0.2/Mouth of Parrish Creek 0. 8/Head of Parrish Creek O.O/Mouth of Parrish Creek 0.2/Mouth of Parrish Creek O.O/Mouth of VJest River 13U.8/Mouth of West River 133.8/Mouth of Jack Creek 0.9/Head of Jack Creek O.O/Mouth of Jack Creek 133.8/Mouth of Jack Creek 132.U/Town, Cedarhurst 131.0/Mouth of Flag Pond Creek - 12 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES Frcan Rock Point-;;- to Drum Point-x^'<- SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN VJATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waten-ray) 3 3 — S" LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 n 5 r^ Flag Pond Creek Flag Pond Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Deep Cove Creek Deep Cove Creek Deep Cove Greek Deep Creek Deep Creek Deep Cove Creek Deep Cove Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Broadwater Creek Broadwater Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Carrs Creek Carrs Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Parker Creek Parker Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Roc kh old Creek Rockhold Creek Rockhold Creek Rockhold Creek Rockhold Creek Tracy Creek Tracy Creek Tracy Creek Tracy Creek Tracy Creek Tracy Creek Rockhold Creek Rockhold Creek Trotts Branch Trotts Branch Trotts Branch Rockhold Creek Rockhold Creek l.O/Head of Flag Pond Creek O«0/Mouth of Flag Pond Creek 131.0/Mouth of Flag Pond Creek 130.7/Mouth of Deep Cove Creek 2.8/Head of Deep Gove Greek 2.0/Bridge, Deale-Ghurchton Road, Md. 2% 0,3/Mouth of Deep Creek 0.8/Head of Deep Greek O.O/Mouth of Deep Creek 0.3/Mouth of Deep Creek O«0/Mouth of Deep Cove Greek 130.7/Mouth of Deep Cove Creek 129.9/Mouth of Broadwater Creek Oo6/Head of Broadwater Creek O.O/Mouth of Broadwater Creek 129.9/Mouth of Broadwater Greek 129.7/Mouth of Carrs Creek loU/Head of Carrs Greek O.O/Mouth of Carrs Creek 129.7/Mouth of Parker Creek 128.9/Mouth of Parker Greek l.O/Head of Parker Greek OoO/Mouth of Parker Creek 128.9/Mouth of Parker Greek 128.7/Long Marsh, Northern Limit of Herring Bay, Anne Arundel County, Maryland 128.3/Mouth of Rockhold Creek 3.9/Head of Rockhold Creek 3o8/Bridge, Md. Highway Ii68, Shady Side Rd, 3.0/Bridge, Swamp Circle Road lei/Bridge, Masons Beach Road 0.6/Mouth of Tracy Creek /Head of Tracy Greek ti.l/Bridge, Owensville Road 3.6/Bridge, Nutwell Road 1.9/Bridge, Deale-Sudley Road 0.3/Bridge, Deale Road O.O/Mouth of Tracy Greek 0.6/Mouth of Tracy Creek 0.3/Mouth of Trotts Branch /Head of Trotts Branch OTT/Bridge, Old Sudley Road O.O/Mouth of Trotts Branch 0.3/ Mouth of Trotts Branch OoO/Mouth of Rockhold Greek - 13 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN SUB-BASIN "DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES From Rock Point-!*- to Dr-um Point-x-;f- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATEHWAY AND DRAINAGE APJIAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MIW WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — J— TI — 5 — T- LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) r— 2 — 3 — u — r " chesapeake bay chesapeake bay chesapeake bay chesapeake bay chesapeake bay chesapeake bay chesapeake bay chesapEake~baT chesapeake bay chesapeake bay Fishing Creek Fishing Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Plum Point Creek Plum Point Creek Plum Point Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Parker Creek Parker Creek Sullivan Branch Sullivan Branch Sullivan Branch Parker Creek Parker Creek Parker Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Kings Creek Kings Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY 128. 128. 127. 125, 125. 125. 12U. "1^. 123. 123. 123. 122. 121. 121. 118 118. llU. 112. 112 109 107, 107 107 106 3/Mouth of Rockhold Creek O/Town, Leitch 2/Fairhaven, Town on Herring Bay 6/Old Colony Cove U/Red Lion Pond (Yacht Basin) 3/Holland Point, Southern Limit of Herring Bay Il/County line. Upstream - Anne Arundel, Downstream - Calvert ^7'0irE'faIl7~North~Beach, Sewage"~Treatment Plant 2/Town, West Beach O/Mouth of Fishing Creek ^/Head of Fishing Creek UT^Mouth of Fishing Creek O/Mouth of Fishing Creek 7/Town, Chesapeake Beach 6/Outfall, Randle Cliff Beach O/U.S. Naval Reservation l/Mouth of Plum Point Creek ^/Head of Plum Point Creek TT^/Bridge, Md. Highway 263 0, O/Mouth of Plum Point Creek l/Mouth of Plum Point Creek U/Town, Dares Beach 7/Mouth of Parker Creek /Head of Parker Creek I37Mouth of Sullivan Branch /Head of Sullivan Branch T7270utfall, C. Bernard Fowler Speed Wash O.O/Mouth of Sullivan Branch 3.5/Mouth of Sullivan Branch 3.14/Bridge, Md, Highway 2 & 765 O.O/Mouth of Parker Creek 7/Mouth of Parker Creek 5/Town, Kenwood Beach l/Mouth of Kings Creek ^/Head of Kings Creek UTO/Mouth of Kings Creek l/Mouth of Kings Creek O/Town, Calvert Beach 6/Mouth of Calvert Beach Run -lU - CHESAPEAKE BAY, ^-JESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES SUB-BASIN jTpom Rock Point-x- to Drum Point-;Ki- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATEEaTAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Watei-way) (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 ^ 3 u ^ r~ 1 — 2 — 3 — n — s — F~ Calvert Beach Run Calvert Beach Run CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Grover Creek Grove r Creek Thomas Branch Thomas Branch Grover Creek Grover Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Grays Creek Grays Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Wilbur Creek Wilbur Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Purgatory Creek Purgatory Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Cobb Creek Cobb Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHES.(IPEAKE BAY Calams Run Calams Run CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Parker Moore Creek Parker Moore Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY, VffiSTERN SHORE CHESAPEAKE BAY Fresh Creek /Head of Calvert Beach Run UTU/Month of Calvert Beach Run 106c6/Mouth of Calvert Beach Run 106.2/Town5 Long Beach 102.5/Mouth of Grover Creek /Head of Grover Creek UTS/Mouth of Thomas Branch /Head of Thomas Branch 0.0/Mouth of Thomas Branch 0.2/Mouth of Thomas Branch CO/Mouth of Grover Creek 102.5/Mouth of Grover Creek 102.3/Mouth of Grays Creek /Head of Grays Creek 0,0/Mouth of Grays Creek 102.3/Mouth of Grays Creek lOl.VMouth of Wilbur Creek ^/Head of Wilbur Creek O.O/Mouth of Wilbur Creek 101.5/Mouth of Wilbur Creek 101.2/Outfall, Titaniiom Ore Corporation 101.0/Cove Point 99.9/lntake, Titanium Ore Corporation 99.9/Outfall, Titanium Ore Corporation 99.2/Mouth of Purgatory Creek /Head of Purgatory Creek O.O/Mouth of Purgatory Creek 99. 2/Mouth of Purgatory Creek 98.8/Mouth of Cobb Creek /Head of Cobb Creek urn/Mouth of Cobb Creek 98.8/Mouth of Cobb Creek 97.8/Mouth of Calams Run /Head of Calams Run UTD/Mouth of Calams Run 97.8/Mouth of Calams Run 97.U/Mouth of Parker Moore Creek /Head of Parker Moore Creek O.O/Mouth of Parker Moore Creek 97.Ii/Mouth of Parker Moore Creek 96.7/Mouth of Fresh Creek ^/Head of Fresh Creek in Calvert County, Maryland - 15 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, VJESTERN SHORE DRAIMAGE BASIN DIRECT DRAINAGE AMD MINOR TRIBUTARIES SUB-BASIN From Rock Point* to Drum Point-x^i- DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DR.'lINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERl^JAYS AND TRIBUTARIES LOCATION: RIVER MTIE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Watervray) (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 U 3 ~T~ 1 2 3 U 5 ~^~ Fresh Creek O.O/Mouth of Fresh Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY 96.7/Mouth of Fresh Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY 95.6/Drum Point in Calvert County, Maryland D. A. Drainage Area, square miles, -X- Rock Point is in Anne Arundel County at mouth of Patapsco River, ^r«- Drum Point is in Calvert County at mouth of Patuxent River. January, 196^ - 16 - Appendix A CHESAPEAKE BAY, I'JESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUE-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — 3 — U — S 6 LOCATIONS: (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — 3~ll~~T~~Tr~ CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE PaTuxent"^ver~T 7~ Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Scott Branch Scott Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Cabin Branch Cabin Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Haights Branch Haights Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Cattail Creek Cattail Creek Cattail Creek Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Cattail Creek Cattail Creek Little Cattail Creek Little Cattail Creek Cattail Creek Cattail Creek East Branch East Branch 95.U/Mouth of Patuxent River, Calvert County, Maryland TU'9„3/Head 'of PatuxenlTRiver orTboun'Sary between Howard County and Montgomery County, Maryland 108.5/Bridge, Md. Highway 27 106.0/Bridge, Long Corner Road (D.A. 7.31) 10U.6/Bridge, Mullinix Mill Road 103.6/Mouth of Scott Branch /Head of Scott Branch UT^Mouth of Scott Branch 103.6/Mouth of Scott Branch 103,0/Bridge, Md. Highway 9h 102.3/Bridge, Hipsleys Mill Road 100.5/Mouth of Cabin Branch /Head of Cabin Branch UI^Mouth of Cabin Branch 100.5/Mouth of Cabin Branch 98.3/Bridge, Near Roxbury Mills 98.2/Mouth of Haights Branch /Head of Haights Branch UTO/Mouth of Haights Branch 98.2/Mouth of Haights Branch 97.2/Bridge, Md. Highway 97 97.2/Gaging Station, Near Unity, Maryland (D. A. 3U.8) 96.6/Mouth of Cattail Creek (D.A. 35.5) 11.0/Head of Cattail Creek 8.5/Bridge U.S. #U0 7.2/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary ^/Head of Unnamed Tributary /Bridge J Maryland #% at Carrs Mil, Maryland ^/Gaging Station at Carrs Millj Maryland (D. A. 3.93) O.O/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 7.2/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 6.3/Mouth of Little Cattail Creek /Head of Little Cattail Creek U7S7Mouth of Little Cattail Creek 6,3/Mouth of Little Cattail Creek 1.9/Mouth of East Branch /Head of East Branch rrO/Mouth of Dorsey Branch CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERI^ SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patijxent River SUB- BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DR,4INAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATEIMAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Watervray) T— T— 3 U 5 E~ LOCATIONS: (Magnitude of Waterway) 3 T Dorsey Branch Dorsey Branch East Branch East Branch Cattail Creek Cattail Creek Cattail Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Hawlings River Hawlings River Hawlings River Reddy Run Reddy Run Reddy Run Hawlings River Hawlings River Hawlings River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patir-cent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River "Patuxent'~River'~2' "7 Patuxent River Patuxent River Walker Branch Walker Branch 2.3/Head of Dorsey Branch OoO/Mouth of Dorsey Branch loO/Mouth of Dorsey Branch O..0/Mouth of East Branch 1,9/Mouth of East Branch 1.3/Gaging Station at Roxbury Mills, Maryland (D. A. 27.7) OoO/Mouth of Cattail Creek (D.A, 28,5) 96.6/Mouth of Cattail Creek (D. A. 6h.O) 96.Ii/Triadelphia Reservoir 92.8/Brighton Dam (D.A. 78.6) 91,U/Bridge, Havilan,i Kills Read 91o0/Mouth of Hawlings River ^/Kead of Hawlings River """"■/Bridge, State Highway #U20 (D. A. 6.1;9) Io9/Mouth of Reddy Run 3.8/Head of Reddy Run lo5/Bridge, State Highway #97 (D. A. 3.52) O«0/Mouth of Reddy Run 1,9/Mouth of Reddy River /Outfall, Montgomery Hospital, Olney, Maryland O.O/Mouth of Hawlings River (D. A. 28„U) 91.0/Mouth of Hawlings River 90.3/lntake, Mink Hollow Pumping Station - Abandoned (D. A. 110. U) 90.3/Gaging Station near Ashton, Maryland (De A, 110,U) 89r,0/Bridge, Md. Highway 108 87 . 2/Bridge , Browns Bridge Road 83.5/Gaging Station, Burtonsville, Maryland (D. Ao 127,3) 83.5/Bridge, Columbia Road 82.1i/County Line, Montgomery-Prince George's Counties "Bl.07Rocky~Go7ge~Dam XD.~Ao~T3T781 " 80.9/lntake, Washington Suburban Sanitary District; Rocky Gorge Pumping Station (D. A. 133.0) 79.8/Mouth of Walker Branch ^/Head of Walker Branch urn/Mouth of Walker Branch - 2 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUT'ARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 n 5 ^~ LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 n 3 ^~ Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River ■37 79.8/Mouth of Walker Branch 79.U/Bridge, Md. Highway 216 79.0/Laurel Dam (D. A. 135.5) TS.h/Bridge, U.S. Highway 1 TS.Ii/Gaging Station, Laurel, Maryland (D. A. 137.0) 78.3/County Line, Howard-Anne Arundel Counties 7H.27Bridge, B, & 0. Railroad 78.1/Bridge, Md. Highway 602 77.U/0utfall, Md, City Sewage Plant 76.0/Mouth of Crow Branch /Head of Crow Branch 1.9/Mouth of Bear Branch /Head of Bear Branch /intake. Laurel public water supply 0,0/Mouth of Bear Branch 1,9/Mouth of Bear Branch 0.0/Mouth of Crow Branch 76.0/Mouth of Crow Branch 75.1/Bridge, Baltimore-Washington Expressway 7i|.6/0utfall, Laurel (Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission) 7ii.l/ Upstream boundary of Patuxent Research Refuge 70.9/Mouth of Thomas Branch /Head of Thomas Branch OoO/Mouth of Thomas Branch 70.9/Mouth of Thomas Branch 70„8/Bridge, Duvall Bridge 70«3/Downstream boundary of Patuxent Research Refuge 68.9/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary /Head of Unnamed Tributary /Head of Redington Lake /Dam, Lower end of Redington Lake ^/Head of Cash Lake Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Crow Branch Crow Branch Bear Branch Bear Branch Bear Branch Crow Branch Crow Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Thomas Branch Thomas Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Patuxent Pdver Patuxent River Patuxent River "/Dam, Lower end of Cash Lake 0.0/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 68,9/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 68.6/Bridge, Lemon's Bridge 68.l/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R,, near Bowie (D. A. 165) - 3 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, I'TESTERW SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patiixent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS LOCATION: MAIN WATERIaJAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 H 5 ^5 RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 C 5 F~ Patuxent River Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Newstop Branch Newstop Branch Newstop Branch Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Horsepen Branch Horsepen Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patixxent River Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary 66.l/Mouth of Horsepen Branch U«5/Head of Horsepen Branch U^O/Bridge, Hill Meade Road 2.6/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R. /Bridge, at High Bridge (D.A. 5.00) 2,U/Mouth of Newstop Branch /Head of Newstop Branch ^/Bridge, at High Bridge (D. A. 1.87) O„0/Mouth of Newstop Branch 2. I4 /Mouth of Newstop Branch /Reference point, at Bowie, Maryland (D. A. 6.O3) 1.6/Bridge, Md, Highway 197 0.5/Bridge, Race Track Road OoU/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R, Race Track Spur O.U/lntake, Bowie Race Track 0,3/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary ^/Head of Unnamed Tributary '/Outfall, Bowie State Teachers College O.O/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 0.3/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary O.O/Kouth of Horsepen Branch 66,1/Mouth of Horsepen Branch 66.0/Bridge, at Bowie Race Track 65.0/Outfall, Bowie Race Track 61+o2/0utfall, Bowie-Bel Air Sewage Treatment Plant 63.3/Mouth of Little Patuxent River (Do A. I8lj^) 36711/Head of Little Patuxent River, Howard County 3U.0/Bridge, Sandhill Road 31a8/Bridge, Marriottsville Road 28,1/Bridge, Bethany Lane 27.6/Bridge, U.S. Highway UO at Pine Orchard, Maryland (D.A. 7.03) 27,6/Gaging Station, Pine Orchard, Maryland (D. A. 7.03) 27.U/Bridge, U.S. Highway UO Alternate 26.9/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary /Uead of Unnamed Tributary 2.5/Outfall, Doughoregan Manor Dairy -k- CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE Fatiixent River drainage basin sOb^basin DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS " ■■ RIVER ICCWDESCRIPTION HaiF WATEHaTAYS and TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 ^ 3 U "J E~ Unnamed Tributary Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Red Hill Branch Red Hill Branch Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Pat-uxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Benson Branch Benson Branch Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River LOCATION; (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 — T—T~ll — 5 ~T~ OoO/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 26.9/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 25.5/Mouth of Red Hill Branch ^/Head of Red Hill Branch UTO/Mouth of Red Hill Branch 25.5/Mouth of Red Hill Branch 25.U/Bridge, Old Annapolis Road 25,0/Bridge, Md. Highway 108 (DcA. 21oli' y Outfall, Dunloggin^ Maryland 2"3"oO/PrDposed pumping station at Columbia in Howard County 23,0/Bridge^ Secondary Road 22,U/Bridge, Secondary Road near Simpsonville 22.0/Bridge, U„S. Highway 29 21.5/Bridge, Owen Brown Road (D. A. 29.2) 20. 1/G aging Station, Guilford, Maryland (D. A. 380O) 20«0/Bridge, Md. Highway 32, near Guilford /Proposed dam site (D.A. 39.0) 17 . 8/Bridge , Vallmerhausan Road 17.6/Mouth of Middle Patuxent River /Eead of Middle Patuxent River ^^TB'/Bridge, Md. Highway 97 20o7/Bridge, Md. Highway liU 160^/Bridge, Md. Highway 32 16.5/Gaging Station, XiTest Friendship, Maryland (D. A. ll.U) 1^.5/Bridge, Secondary Road near Tollgate 13.9/Mouth of Benson Branch ^/Head of Benson Branch 0,0/Mouth of Benson Branch 13.9/Mouth of Benson Branch 13.8/Bridge, Carrolls Mill Road 13.6/Pipe-line crossing 13.1/Bridge, Md„ Highway 98 13.0/Outfall, University of Maryland Agronomy Dairy lloO/Bridge, Secondary Road near Elioak 9.7/Bridge, Md. Highway 108 (D. A. 37.5) - 5 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, I'JESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE_ AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MLE/DESCRIPTION Main WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — 3 — n 5 5~" LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) 2~3 T 1 3" Middle Patuxent River Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Middle Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River 8,5/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary lo3/Head of Unnamed Tributary 0»9/Bridge, Trotter Road (D. A. 0,30) 0„0/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 8,^/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 7o9/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 2e3/Head of Unnamed Tributary lo2/Bridge, Trotter Road (D. A. 6.1i7) OoO/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 7e9/Mouth of Unnamed Tributary 6.6/lntake, W.R. Grace & Co., near Simps onville 6.5/Outfall, W.R. Grace & Co, 6, It/Bridge, Md. Highway 32 (D. Ao ll.U) ^/intake, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory 566/Outfall, Applied Physics Lab, The Johns Hopkins University 5.3/Bridge, U.S. Highway 29 5.2/Bridge, Secondary Road U.y/Bridge, Unimproved Road 2.6/Power Transmission line crossing 2.2/Bridge, Secondary road near Guilford /intake, The Arundel Corporation ~/Outfall, The Arundel Corp, OTO/Mouth of Middle Patuxent River (D, A. 57.8) 17.6/iyiouth of Middle Patuxent River 17g5/lfi't'ake, Savage Manufacturing Co, 17o5/Diversion dam at Savage 17.l/lntake, Savage 17.0/Bridge, B. & 0. R. R. at Savage 17.0/Bridge, (upper bridge at Savage) (D. A. 97.8) 16,9/Outfall, Savage, Maryland l6.8/Outfall, Savage Manufacturing Co, 16.5/Bridge, U.S. Highway 1 at Savage, Maryland 16.5/Gaging Station, at Savage, Maryland (D. A, 98,1;) - 6 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATER?/JAY AMD DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS LOCATION! MIN WATEMifAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — 3 — n — ^""r- RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 j~ir~3 F~ Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Hammond Branch Hammond Branch Hammond Branch Hammond Branch Hammond Branch Hammond Branch Hammond Branch Hammond Branch Hammond Branch Little Patuxent River Little Patioxent River 15<,7/Bridge, B. & 0, R.R. l5,6/Mouth of Hammond Branch 8o9/Head of Hammond Branch 6„2/Bridge at Md. #29 (D.A. 5,01) 5,3/Gaging Station, Scaggsville, Maryland (D.A, 3.01) 3.9/lntake, Maryland-Virginia Milk Producers Association 3.8/Outfall, Maryland-Virginia Milk Producers Association 0<,9/0utfall, Laurel Harness Racing Track 0.7/Bridge, U.S. Highway 1 near Savage, Maryland 0,0/Bridge, B, & 0. R.R» at Savage Station O.O/Mouth of Hammond Branch l5o6/Mouth of Hainmond Branch l5o6/County line, l^stream - Howard, Downstream -• Anne Arundel Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River ^rsey'Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run iSm/^idge, Secondary road~near Hammond Branch l5.2/lntake. Bridewell, Maryland House of Correction _13_^/Mouth of Dorsey_^un 777/HeaB~o'r~Dorsey Hun, Howard County 6,14/Bridge, Lark Brown Road U.8/Bridge, U.S. Highway 1 3.ii/Bridge, Dorsey Run Road (D. A. 6.^3) 2,8/County line. Upstream - Howard Downstream - Anne Arundel 2„^Bridge, B. & Oe.RoR. 2,7/lntake, Bridewell, Maryland House of Correction 2,0/Outfall, Bridewell, Maryland House of Correction 2.0/Bridge, near Sewage Disposal Plant loO/Bridge, Md„ Highway 32 loO/Gaging Station, Jessup, Maryland (D. A. 11,6) 0e9/Bridge, B. & 0. R.R. GaO/Mouth of Dorsey Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run Dorsey Run - 7 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, I'JESTERNSHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER ■ MILE7IjESGRIPTI0N MAIN WATEHi\i AYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Watervray) 1 2 3 G ^ T> LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waten-ray) 1 2 3 n Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Rogue Harbor Branch Rogue Harbor Branch Rogue Harbor Branch Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patiixent River Little Patuxent River Towsers Branch Towsers Branch Towsers Branch Towsers Branch Towsers Branch Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Little Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River 13.2/Mouth of Dorsey Run 13cl/Bridge, Baltimore-Washington Expressway 12.9/Bridge, Secondary Road near District Training School 11.2/lntake, Fort Meade low-lift pumping station (D„A, 126) ll.l/Bridge, Md. Highway 602 ll.O/Outfall, Fort Meade Sewage Treatment Wo, 2 9.9/Bridge, Switchboard Road (Old Forge Bridge) 7 el/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R. 7.0/Mouth of Rogue Harbor Branch /Head of Rogue Harbor Branch /Outfall, Fort George G. Meade O.O/Mouth of Rogue Harbor Branch 7.0/Mouth of Rogue Harbor Branch 7.0/Bridge, Highway near Woodwardville 5.3/Bridge, Md. Highway 170 U.5/0utfall, Alan E. Barton Sand & Grave]. Co. 3.6/lntake, Baltimore Concrete Plank Co, 3,3/Mouth of Towsers Branch 3.U/Head of Towsers Branch 3.3/Outfall, UoSo Naval Academy Dairy 2„l/Bridge, Waugh Chapel Road O.>0/Mouth of Towsers Branch 3,3/Mouth of Towsers Branch 3.2/Bridge, Md. Highway U2I4 3.1/Outfall, Patuxent Sewage Treatment Plant 1.6/lntake & Outfall ^ E. L. Gardner Sand & Gravel Coa Ir.O/Cutfall; Anne Arundel Sanitary Commission. O^O/Mouth of Little Patuxent River (D, A0.I6IJ4) 63.3/Mouth of Little Patuxent River 63,0/Bridge, U.S. Highways 301 & $0, also Md, Highway 3 (D.A. 3ii8) 61.7/Mouth of Ropers Branch - 8 - CHESAPEAlffi BAY, MESTSRN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILETBESCRIPTION MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — 3 — n — 5 — F~ LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) H 3 T~~3- Ropers Branch Ropers Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Green Branch Green Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patiixent River Patuxent River Mill Branch Mill Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Kings Branch Kings Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Davidsonville Branch Davidsonville Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Honey Branch Honey Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Stocketts Run Stocketts Run Patuxent River Patuxent River District Branch District Branch /Head of Ropers Branch OaO/Mouth of Ropers Branch 6lc7/Mouth of Ropers Branch 60,,3/Bridge, John Hanson Highway 60,2/Bridge, Governor Bridge Road (D. A. 350) 60,1/lntake & Outfall, Bi-County Aggregate Co. 59.9/Outfall, Carl L. Abend Sand & Gravel Co. 59.8/Mouth of Green Branch /Head of Green Branch OTO/Mouth of Green Branch 59.8/Mouth of Green Branch /intake, Annapolis Sand and Gravel COo 59.5,/Outfall, Annapolis Sand and Gravel Co, 58.57Mouth of Mill Branch /Head of Mill Branch UTO/Mouth of Mill Branch 58.5/Mouth of Mill Branch 57o7/Mouth of Kings Branch /Head of Kings Branch UT^Mouth of Kings Branch 57.7/Mouth of Kings Branch 57.3/Bridge, Md. Highway 2lU, Central Ave. 56.2/Mouth of Davidsonville Branch /Head of Davidsonville Branch 0,0/Mouth of Davidsonville Branch 56.2/Mouth of Davidsonville Branch 56.0/Bridge, Queen Anne Bridge (D. A. 371.0) 56aO/Head of tide and upstream legal limit of license-free tidewater fishing 55.2/Mouth of Honey Branch /Head of Honey Branch O„0/Mouth of Honey Branch 55<.2/Mouth of Honey Branch 55.1/Mouth of Stocketts Run /Head of Stocketts Run O.O/Mouth of Stocketts Run 55.1/Mouth of Stocketts Run 53.0/Mouth of District Branch /Head of District Branch UTO/Mouth of District Branch - 9 - CI-IESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTAJICES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AMD DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MjilN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) T T" ^ 3 3 — F LOCATION: RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 H 5 F~ Patuxent River Patuxent River Rock Branch Rock Branch Rock Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Ferry Branch Ferry Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Galloway Creek Galloway Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River ifJes'teFn'~BrancE Western Branch Folly Branch Folly Branch Folly Branch Western Branch Western Branch Lottsford Branch Lottsford Branch Lottsford Branch Western Branch Western Branch Western Branch Bald Hill Branch Bald Hill Branch Bald Hill Branch Western Branch Western Branch Western Branch Western Branch 53.0/Mouth of District Branch $3.0/Mouth of Rock Branch ^/Head of Rock Branch lo7/Bridge, Polling House Road (D. A. ii.Ol) 0,0/Mouth of Rock Branch 53.0/Mouth of Rock Branch 5le9/Mouth of Ferry Branch /Head of Ferry Branch TTTU/Mouth of Ferry Branch 5l.9/Mouth of Ferry Branch 5l.7/0utfall, Charles F. Meyer Sand & Gravel Co, il9.i4/Eridge, Md„ Highway h l|8.8/Moimth of Galloway Creek /Head of Galloway Creek DTD/Mouth of Galloway Creek l;8„8/Mouth of Galloway Creek i;7e5/Bristol Bar, Upstream limit of Federal navigation project U6,6/Mouth of Western Branch T67CJ/Hea3~of "Western ~SfancE7 Priitice Georges County 16,0/Mouth of Folly Branch ^/Head of Folly Branch /Reference point at Buena Vista (D. A. 5.U7) 0.0/Mouth of Folly Branch I6c0/Mouth of Folly Branch I6.0/Mouth of Lottsford Branch /Head of Lottsford Branch l.O/Bridge, John Hanson Highway (D. Ao 1.88) 0,0/Mouth of Lottsford Branch 16,0/Mouth of Lottsford Branch 15.2/Bridge, Lottsford Vista Road l5.0/Mouth of Bald Hill Branch 6<,0/Head of Bald Hill Branch 2.l/Bridge at George Palmer Highway (D. A. 3-22) 0,0/Mouth of Bald Hill Branch I5.0/Mouth of Bald Hill Branch l[l,5/Bridge, Lottsford Road 12.6/Bridge, Md„ Highway 2lU ll.l/Gaging Station, Largo, Maryland Prince George's County (D.A. 30*2) - 10 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERIfJAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION HaIF WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 U 5 6 LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — j—n — ^ — r~ Western Branch Southeast Branch Southeast Branch Western Branch Western Branch Western Branch Southwest Branch Southwest Branch Western Branch Western Branch Turkey Branch Turkey Branch Western Branch Western Branch Cabin Branch Cabin Branch Cabin Branch Western Branch Western Branch Federal Branch Federal Branch Western Branch Western Branch Collington Branch Collington Branch Western Branch Western Branch Western Branch Western Branch Western Branch Western Branch Western Branch Charles Branch Charles Branch Charles Branch Charles Branch Horse Tavern Branch lloO/Mouth of Southeast Branch /Head of Southeast Branch ^^Mouth of Southeast Branch llcO/Mouth of Southeast Branch 10o9/Bridge, Md. Highway 202 10.9/Mouth of Southwest Branch /Head of Southwest Branch OoO/Mouth of Southwest Branch 10g9/Mouth of Southwest Branch 9.14/Mouth of Turkey Branch ^/Head of Turkey Branch OTD/Mouth of Turkey Branch 9.14/Mouth of Turkey Branch 7.U/Mouth of Cabin Branch /Head of Cabin Branch /Outfall, Andrews Air Force Base OcO/Mouth of Cabin Branch 7.14/Mouth of Cabin Branch 5.6/Mouth of Federal Branch /Head of Federal Branch UTO/Mouth of Federal Branch 5.6/Mouth of Federal Branch 5.5/Mouth of Collington Branch /Head of Collington Branch UTD/Mouth of Collington Branch (D. A. 21,9) S.BMo-ath of Collington Branch 5.5/Bridge, Md, Highway h at Marlboro (D, A. 5«67) U.O/Outfall, Upper Marlboro Sewage Treatment Plant 3.7/Bridge, Pennsylvania R.R, 3.7/Upstream limit of license-free tidewater fishing 3. ^/Bridge, U.S. Highway 301 (D.A. 90.6) O.U/Mouth of Charles Branch 8..2/Head of Charles Branch 5.3/Off Osborne Road (D, A. 3-.ll) /Outfall, Andrews Air Force Base 1,3/Kouth 01 Horse Tavern Branch /Head of Horse Tavern Branch - 11 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, ¥ESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERiiJAYS AMD TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) T—2 — 3 — c — r~r~ Horse Tavern Branch Charles Branch Charles Branch Western Branch Western Branch "Patuxent"~River Patuxent River Patuxent River Juron Branch Juron Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Deep Creek Deep Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Swan Point Creek Swan Point Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Mataponi Creek Mataponi Creek Mataponi Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Lyons Creek U / Lyons Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River $ / Patuxent River Kings Creek Kings Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Hotchkins Branch Hotchkins Branch Patuxent River Patuxent River Spice Creek Spice Creek OcO/Mouth of Horse Tavern Branch l<.3/Mouth of Horse Tavern Branch OoO/Mouth of Charles Branch (D. A. 17o6) O.U/Mouth of Charles Branch OoO/Mouth_of Western ^anch_(_D_^„_109^5) "U^67MoTrE'h~~of Western Branch [|6.U/Bridge, Abandoned railroad bridge U6.0/Mouth of Juron Branch ^/Head of Juron Branch OoO/Mouth of Juron Branch U6»0/Mouth of Juron Branch U^.l/Mouth of Deep Creek /Head of Deep Creek OTO/Mouth of Deep Creek U5.l/Mouth of Deep Creek U5oO/Mouth of Swan Point Creek ^/Head of Swan Point Creek O^O/Mouth of Swan Point Creek U5oO/Mouth of Swan Point Creek liii.2/Mouth of Mataponi Creek ^/Head of Mataponi Creek 2 p 6/ Bridge, at Fenno Road O,0/Mouth of Mataponi Creek (D.A. 19<,7) hl;.2/Mouth of Mataponi Creek U3.7/Mouth of Lyons Creek /Head of Lyons Creek UIU/Mouth of Lyons Creek (D.A. 19.5) l43.7/Mouth of Lyons Creek li3.7/Lyons Wharf U0o5/Mouth of Kings Creek _/Head of Kings Creek ^ID/Mouth of Kings Creek U0.5/Mouth of Kings Creek llO.U/at Nottingham (D^A, 58l) UOol/Outfall, Proposed Mataponi Creek, Sewage Treatment Plant 39.0/Mouth of Hotchkins Branch ^/Head of Hotchkins Branch 0,0/Mouth of Hotchkins Branch 39.0/Mouth of Hotchkins Branch 38,9/Mouth of Spice Creek 1,8/Head of Spice Creek 1.8/Bridge, Md. Highway 382 - 12 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WSTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Fatuxent Kiver ciUB-BASlN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AI© DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERlfJAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 3 3 — F LOCATION: RIVER fflLE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) T 3 3 — ^ Spice Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Hall Creek Hall Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Chew Creek Chew Creek Chew Creek Chew Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Black Swamp Creek Black Swamp Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Cocktown Creek Cocktown Creek Cocktown Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Hunting Creek Hunting Creek Hunting Creek Hunting Creek Sewell Branch Sewell Branch Sewell Branch Sewell Branch Hunting Creek Hunting Creek Mill Creek Mill Creek Mill Creek 20.0) OoO/Mouth of Spice Creek 38.9/Mouth of Spice Creek 38.2/Mouth of Hall Creek ^/Head of Hall Creek ^To/Mouth of Hall Creek (D.A. 38.2/Mouth of Hall Creek 3U.0/Magruder Landing 33.2/Milltown Landing 33.1/Mouth of Chew Creek 7.8/Head of Chew Creek 6.3/Bridge, Md, Highway #1^16 (D.A. 1.31) li.6/Bridge, Md. Highway #262 (D.A. 3.75) 0,0/Mouth of Chew Creek 33cl/Mouth of Chew Creek 32,7/Mouth of Black Swamp Creek ^/Head of Black Swamp Creek OTO/Mouth of Black Swamp Creek 32.7/Mouth of Black S\-mi5p Creek 32.,6/Mouth of Cocktown Creek /Head of Cocktown Creek ITS/Gaging Station^ near Huntingtown, Maryland (D, A. 3c 85) 0,,0/Houth of Cock-town Creek 32o6/Mouth of Cocktown Creek 30.~3/Deep Landing 28,5/Cedar Haven 28c0/Eagle Harbor 27.2/Mouth of Hunting Creek 10„7/Head of Hunting Creek /Bridge, near Parr an, Maryland (D. A, 15.6) 6.01/Bridge, State Highway #263 (D. A. 9.32) 5.8/Mouth of Sewell Branch U.8/Head of Sewell Branch 2,1/Bridge, at Huntingtown-Parran Road (D.A. iio05) Ool/Bridge at State Highway #2 (D. A. 6.58) OoO/Mouth of Sewell Branch 5.8/Mouth of Sewell Branch L,9/Mouth of Mill Creek ^/Head of Mill Creek /Outfall, Dick Lores Laundromat UTCT/Mouth of Mill Creek - 13 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) I 2 3 U 5 r~ LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) ^ " IT 1 3 Hunting Creek Hunting Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Swans on Creek 6/ Swans on Creek Swans on Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River "Pa^EuxentTRiverT ""7 Carey Cree'S Carey Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Indian Creek 8 / Indian Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River "Patuxent'~River 9~~/ Buzzard Island Creek Buzzard Island Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Trent Hall Creek Trent Hall Creek Killpeck Creek Killpeck Creek Trent Hall Creek Trent Hall Creek Locks Swamp Creek Locks Swamp Creek 1.9/Mouth of Mill Creek OoO/Mouth of Hunting Creek (D. A, 28o7) 27,2/Mouth of Hunting Creek 26<,U/Leitch Wharf 25.8/lntake, Chalk Point Steam-Electric Plant 25.8/Outfall, Chalk Point Steam-Electric Plant 25.7/Mouth of Swanson Creek /Head of Swanson Creek Ii37Bridge, State Highway #381 (D. A« 20,2) O*0/Mouth of Swanson Creek (D. A. 27oU) 25.7/Mouth of Swanson Creek 25.7/County line. Upstream - Prince George 's. Downstream - Charles ■27.'B7Mouth~o?~Ca?ey~Creelc /Head of Carey Creek DTO/Mouth of Carey Creek 23.8/Mouth of Carey Creek 23.7/Bridge, Md, Highway 231 (Toll Bridge) 23.3/at Benedict ( D.A. 7U2) 22,7/Mouth of Indian Creek /Head of Indian Creek UTU/Mouth of Indian Creek 22.7/Mouth of Indian Creek 22o7/County line, Upstream - Charles Downstream - St„ Mary's ?2.l7Mouth~of"BirzV.;a.rd~rslana~Creek /Head of Buzsard Island Creek 0,0/Mouth of Buzzard Island Creek 22.1/Mouth of Buzzard Island Creek 21.7/Mouth of Trent Hall Creek /Head of Trent Hall Creek TTT/Mouth of Killpe.-.L- Creek /Head of Killpeck Creek OTO/'Mouth of Killpeck Creek 1,7/Mouth of Killpeck Creek l<,7/Mouth of Locks Swamp Creek 5.7/Head of Locks Swamp Creek 5.3/Outfall, Charlotte Hall Sand 4 Gravel Co„ - lU - C HE5AFEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MODTH OF WATERlAfAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER' IffiLE/DESCRIPTION HaIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) T — 2—3 — n — 5 — r- LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 T— 3 n F — 5" Locks Swamp Creek Locks Swamp Creek Trent Hall Creek Trent Hall Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Washington Creek Washington Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Persimmon Creek Persimmon Creek Persimmon Creek Persimmon Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Cremona Creek Cremona Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Spring Creek Spring Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Horselanding Creek Horselanding Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Coatigan Creek Coatigan Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Battle Creek Battle Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Cat Creek Cat Creek Patioxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Ben Creek Ben Creek 1.7/Bridge, New Market Turner Road (D, A, ho62) OoO/Mouth of Locks Swamp Creek 1,7/Mouth of Locks Swamp Creek O.O/Mouth of Trent Hall Creek 21.7/Mouth of Trent Hall Creek 19,9/Mouth of Washington Creek /Head of Washington Creek O.O/Mouth of Washington Creek 19.9/Mouth of Washington Creek 19o8/Mouth of Persimmon Creek 2,5/Head of Persimmon Creek 2.3/Bridge at Delobrooke Road ext, (D. A. 2.U9) 1.2/Bridge, State Highway #6 (D.A. 5.62) OoO/Mouth of Persimmon Creek 19.8/Mouth of Persimmon Creek 19<.li/Mouth of Cremona Creek /Head of Cremona Creek OoO/Mouth of Cremona Creek 19.U/Mouth of Cremona Creek 1806/Mouth of Spring Creek ^ /Head of Spring Creek DTD/Mouth of Spring Creek l8.6/Mouth of Spring Creek 18.2/Mouth of Horselanding Creek /Head of Horselanding Creek O.O/Mouth of Horselanding Creek 18.2/Mouth of Horselanding Creek 17.9/Mouth of Coatigan Creek /Head of Coatigan Creek O.O/Mouth of Coatigan Creek 17.9/Mouth of Coatigan Greek 17.U/Mouth of Battle Creek ^/Head of Battle Creek UTD/Mouth of Battle Creek (D.A. 18,9) 17.U/Mouth of Battle Crtck 16.U/Mouth of Cat Creek /Head of Cat Cree.: UTO/Mouth of Cat Creek l6.U/Mouth of Cat Creek l5.9/Jack Bay 15.3/Mouth of Ben Creek /Head of Ben Creek UTO/Mouth of Ben Creek -15 - CHESAPEAKE BAY, T/^rESTERM SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 T LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 J~ll 5 ^ Patuxent River Patuxent River Second Creek Second Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Nan Cove Nan Cove Patuxent River Patuxent River Cole Creek Cole Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Island Creek Island Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Thomas Creek Thomas Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River St. Leonard Creek St. Leonard Creek St. Leonard Creek St. Leonard Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Mears Creek Mears Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Hellen Creek Hellen Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Hungers ford Creek Hungersford Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River l5.3/Mouth of Ben Creek ll4.6/Mouth of Second Creek /Head of Second Creek OTO/Mouth of Second Creek lU.6/Mouth of Second Creek lli.O/Mouth of Nan Cove /Head of Nan Cove ^mZMouth of Nan Cove lU.O/Mouth of Nan Cove 13.6/Mouth of Cole Creek /Head of Cole Creek UT^TMouth of Cole Creek 13.6/Mouth of Cole Creek 12,0/Mouth of Island Creek ^/Head of Island Creek UT^Mouth of Island Creek 12.0/Mouth of Island Creek 11.2/Mouth of Thomas Creek /Head of Thomas Creek n7^7"Mouth of Thomas Creek 11.2/Mouth of Thomas Creek 9.5/Mouth of St. Leonard Creek /Head of St. Leonard Creek '/Gaging Station, near St. Leonard, Maryland (D. A. 6.73) /Head of estuary at St. Leonard (D. A. 10,5) 0«0/Mouth of St. Leonard Creek (D, A. 22.5) 9.5/Mouth of St. Leonard Creek 8.9/Mouth of Mears Creek /He.i.d of K-ars Creek UTO/Mouth of Mc-ars Creek 8.9/Mouth of Mears Creek 7.3/Mouth of Hellen Creek /Head of Heller. Creek UTU/MoMth of Helle-L, '.'.reek 7.3/Mouth of Hellen Crea:r 6»8/Mouth of Hungersford Creek ^/Head of Hungersford Creek CO/Mouth of Hungersford Creek 6.8/Mouth of Hungersford Creek 6,2/Clarks Wharf 6.2/Mouth of Cuckold Creek - 16 CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS MAIN WATERWAYS AND TRIBUTARIES LOCATION: RIVER i-HLE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitude of Waterway) (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 H 3 F~ I 2 3 H 5" — 5~ Cuckold Creek Cuckold Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Mill Creek Mill Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Nats Creek Nats Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Little Kingston Creek Little Kingston Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Town Creek Town Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Homing Creek Homing Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Mill Creek Mill Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River Harper Creek Harper Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Pearson Creek Pearson Creek Patuxent River Patuxent River Patuxent River CHESAPEAKE BAY /Head of Cuckold Creek Ur^7Mouth of Cuckold Creek 6.2/Mouth of Cuckold Creek 6.2/Mouth of Mill Creek /Head of Mill Creek UTUJnouth of Mill Creek 6.2/Mouth of Mill Creek 6.2/Mouth of Nats Creek ^/Head of Nats Creek OTSjMouth of Nats Creek 6.2/Mouth of Nats Creek 5.U/Mouth of Little Kingston Creek /Head of Little Kingston Creek O.O/Mouth of Little Kingston Creek 5.14/Mouth of Little Kingston Creek li,8/0utfall, Solomons Island, Patuxent Naval Air Testing Station il.T/Third Cove 3.7/Mouth of Town Creek /Head of Town Creek 0,0/Mouth of Town Creek 3.7/Mouth of Town Creek 2.9/Mouth of Homing Creek /Head of Homing Creek niD/Mouth of Homing Creek 2.9/Mouth of Homing Creek 2.5/Solomons Island Wharf (D.A. 909.0) 2.U/Mouth of Mill Creek /Head of Mill Creek ^TO/Mouth of Mill Creek 2.VMouth of Mill Creek 1,9/Mllstone Landing 0.25/Mouth of Harper Creek ^/Head of Harper Creek DTD/Mouth of Harper Creek 0.25/Mouth of Harper Creek 0.25/Mouth of Pearson Creek ^/Head of Pearson Creek O.O/Mouth of Pearson Creek 0,25/Mouth of Pearson Creek 0,1/Outfall, Cedar Point Naval Officers Club 0,0/Mouth of Patuxent River (D.A. 931.8) 95.U/Mouth of Patuxent River -17- CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN Patuxent River SUB-BASIN DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AMD DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS i-IAIN WATERkTAYS AND TRIBUTARIES LOCATION; RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION (Magnitiide of Watertiray) (Magnitude of Waterway) 1 2 3 U ^ 6 1 2 3 U 5 6 D.A. Drainage Area, square miles, 1 / From mile point 109,3 to mile point 81.0 Patuxent River is boundary between Montgomery and Howard Counties, Maryland, _ 2 / From mile point 8l<,0 to mile point 78,2 Patuxent River is boundary between Howard and Prince Georges Counties, Maryland, 3 / From mile point 78,2 to mile point 143.7 Patuxent River is boundary between Prince Georges and Anne Arundel Counties, Maryland* h / Lyons Creek is boundary between Anne Arundel and Calvert Counties, Maryland, b / From mile Point li3.7 to mile point 23.8 Patuxent River is boundary between Prince Georges and Calvert Counties, Maryland. 6 / Swanson Creek is boundary between Charles and Prince Georges Counties, Maryland, 7 / From mile point 23.8 to mile point 22.1 Patuxent River is boundary between Calvert and Charles Counties, Maryland, 8 / Indian Creek is boundary between Charles and St. Mary's Counties, Maryland. 9~/ From mile point 22,1 to mouth Patuxent River is boundary between Calvert and St. Mary's Counties, Maryland, January, 1965 - 18 - DRAINAGE BASIN SUB-BASIN Appendix A CHESAPEAKE BAY, VJESTERN SHORE Direct Drainage and Minor Tributaries (From Hog Point-;;- to Point Lookout-:;-;;-) DISTANCES FROM MOUTH OF WATERWAY AND DRAINAGE AREAS FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS RIVER MILE/DESCRIPTION MAIN WATSRJaTAYS AID TRIBUTARIES (Magnitude of Waterway) T 5 3 II 5 S~~ LOCATION: (Magnitude of Waterway) I — 2 — 3 — n — 5 — r~ 95.0/Hog Point in St. Mary's County, Md. At 9h. CHESAPEAKE BAY, IffiSTERN SHORE CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Pine Hill Run Pine Hill Run Pine Hill Run CHESAPE. AKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAICE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY St. Jerome Creek St. Jerome Creek St. Jerome Creek Northern Prong Northern Prong St. Jerome Creek St. Jerome Creek St. Jerome Creek Southern Prong Southern Prong St. Jerome Creek St. Jerome Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAI^E BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Deep Creek Deep Creek Long Neck Creek Long Neck Creek Deep Creek Deep Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY Tanner Creek Tanner Creek CHESAPEAKE BAY CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE 9U. 91. 91. 87. 85. 83. 81. 81. 80. 79. 79, 78. 78. 78, 75, Mouth of Patuxent River 7/Outfall, Officers Club, Patuxent Naval Air Station 2/Cedar Point 7/Mouth of Pine Hill Run /Head of Pine Hill Run TTD/Outfall, Solomons Island Naval Air Test Center 0.0/Mouth of Pine Hill Run 7/Mouth of Pine Hill Run l/Biscue Pond 7/Carroll Pond O/Point No Point 7/Mouth of St, Jerome Creek /Head of St. Jerome Creek UTT/Taylor Cove O.U/Mouth of Northern Prong /Head of Northern Prong O.O/Mouth of Northern Prong O.h/Mouth of Northern Prong 0.3/Malone Bay O.l/Mouth of Southern Prong /Head of Southern Prong 0-O/Mouth of Southern Prong O.l/Mouth of Southern Prong O.O/Mouth of St. Jerome Creek 7/Mouth of St, Jerome Creek 3/Fresh Pond 5/Mouth of Deep Creek /Head of Deep Creek 0.3/Mouth of Long Neck Creek ^/Head of Long Neck Creek UTD/Mouth of Long Neck Creek 0.3/Mouth of Long Neck Creek O.O/Mouth of Deep Creek 5/Mouth of Deep Creek 6/Scotland Beach 3/Mouth of Tanner Creek ^/Head of Tanner Creek DTO/Mouth of Tanner Creek 3/Mouth of Tanner Creek 7/Point Lookout, St. Mary's County, Md. , Mouth of Potomac River ■!'<■ Hog Point is in St. Mary's County, Md., at Mouth of Patuxent River, -;Hi- Point Lookout is in St. Mary's County, Md,, at Mouth of Potomac River, January, 1965 APPMDIX B WATER-QUALITY STATIONS, WATER VETHDRAM^I, VJASTES DISCIiARGED MJ) STREAJ^IFLOWS See Description of Appendices (Appendix B) in the General Reference Section for a narrative discussion of this material. M CO m 9 g O « X •H W S I fl) I ft I Q, EH cti TJ CM ■LA •A o o © ^ to J! bfl OS -d- .^ <"< 1A ft ,Q 1 g XX ' X X M O « o G O © (i) o CO •rH Cm .. _ Pi o a ^ ^ P^ (D -p c3 TJ o g-s n a ■LA CK CO O rt -P g o o A ^ ^ C5 -rl _ -- .&-S § —■-■■ to tu u a o o Ph 3 .. o -P ov °» j, O •4§ o .H 5^ fn s rO 4:> Q O H +» cv O C« O o -H © CO -P 3 G CO M ■=< r» c O a (D j:3 «N CO O © Ph -P o, Pi VO =^=tte Q O O 0 CO •H r-I P-; CO ft '^ ^ "^ '^ H ^ Cfl xi O O U U CD ft P CD (D ft S Q) Mg © CO O H Ph ^ CO 1 +^ 4^ TS Ph Ph xi -H nJ pa tifl X 05 P> cti (iq +J -^ c3 ^ G ^ C , cd «\ O s CO • <+H 1 Pi Q/-^ "LfN (9 c3 (D C E 0 r- CO «% ^ ftf G H +^ M Ph P CO g O X( Jh a •^. >-. H H ^ a> <1> ^ -H H 0) -p m OJ CD G cfl -d rH Pa M^CD <3j n Ph Sh ft a CO H m W cd Ph fL. iPh ^^^^ ^^ ■H «s 1 M U •» •» »w in +^ Ph •v ■ri <*-i e, (U rH yx H O rHlA c«Q t^j c» -g a Q^ iH H rH CD G Q) rj ^ H ^ (D .-Q -P ro cj CD -si! O w)p> H .a -Q -P H " ° ^ o rH +» ^ S •^ -p -=i ct3 S rt P r-j P> -H tlD O CTJ Ph CO G rH o q m CM rH © S O CO tUJ p © 13 IS i Vh Ch tM CTJ Cm P ^■^•'•^cm o to g "H El 1 Cm cO OS en > P P p »k M ">rH P O _:J CM P> S O -P P Ov C3\ C3\ ti ^ " , i"^ 1 ! "^ G X) P-l^s. t 1 1 ^-v Ph X( <^ © "LAlAT-A <+H -H ^ - CO CM OJ ^ ,° g CO •• tj o o « -P nj -p CO t. ^ » S CT3 o o o c • IhH o s g; 0 CVJ ro o-^ rr-, p 5h 3 3 H H O Fa r! CA CO CX> CO • • • n e^ O cti H CO CO oo r- vD -cr fAfA CA CA CA - c^ r- C-- [>- ^ 9 ° >-:i^ H H H H H H H H H H H rH H "-• ?> _ r; Ph X) C3 G g © © X) TJ B CO Ph o? w W &q W © cO t HH Pi Pi Pi nJ © g 3 o o o H EH CO CO CO ■^ W w ■aj C3 © S m,-v ►^ t^s" ^ © G G C c -ti .r vO M % ^ Ph P 3 o Pi Pi P Pi •H to © iH Eh £h eh CO to CO ^ ?H CO CO CO ^ -P to CO CO •H -H CO Q -P +3 G G CO IS •w •> »> Pi Pi Ph G G G •ri "ri ^ CO -Cf ^•Sig-S^ ^ s Ph Ph p g g P 3 t» > © t> +3 u u u •H Pi >;, Fipi •H P •H XJ -P O Pi (D H O O O W H -P Pi +^ « ^ t's ^ w ri (^ P m p:) O O © ■=4 -p 3 § ^ i § 3 to CD CO tij to X! O ^ CO n G o -p CM ^ CO CO CO <3 ^ ft CO P 3 P3 pa <3 3 O -H CO oa o Pi Q 3 tX S ^ r^ ^1 w ma =r a^ H o o o * * >< o H CM O CO C3 tt3 o CO CO CO E-i CO § M E-i CO M I •H G •ri (D (D Jh -P n3 T) CO x; to s X O 3lc CM H rH •> O X o o CM !x^ CM o ■Lr\ O X! O o X bO o o s M El M s CO -P 1^ « O 0 •• Ti 3 3 O -P M -H o 0) O S tA I I (^ I CM I bD a •H § o o in O 43 (D C •H O O u u o r c c ■P ^5 ft I o -p • c Oh O 0 -H 1 -P o ci O -P CO to CM lA I lA • CO I o I lA lA I O I lA I CM Ti G rH < ON NO vO r-i rH CO I o On NO H a o •ri -P cd +3 CO n •H CO • lA CM I lA • CO I o ON CJn On NO NO NO rH r-i r-\ I cfl • P -P xi o CO a -H bO ^ ctf G G +3 •H O CO bOxi C5 _ rH -H CD bO cti ^ CD Q NO G « ^g' CO » TJ T) cd •\ G CD O rH Q •P Cd G O •H -P cd hJ CO rH I H I ■LA • CM r^ I ■LA CO I ■LTN • CM fA I \A • CO CO I ■LA • H CM I ■LPv o OO I o • CJn nQ a I o J- •H • -P CO I ■LA •^ I lA • CO I o • CTn NO r-i •H •» > r-i CO H i^ cd CD Ch O 3 o o NO +3 » . cdNO CO ■Lf\ :s o o CO 43 ..O 3 •P G bO 3 G « •H bO C cd S^ CD (D ■\-P O CO I ■LA CM I lA a CO I O o On NO I ■LfX • r-{ CM I XA • CO I o c^^ NO H I H M M !>: O H Ch u Xi bD bO bO H H H •H Q) ■p U !^ !h -P -P -P •>« T) 3 O O O •P •P H-> M 5 O CD CD CD •H •H •H ^ ;h o CO CD O O f-:i ^^ h-i pq (D Oh T) a H S 3 ^4 O CD ^ D, W G ^c==D CO W K o to rH 0 iH -P -P •H G G 3 3 Pi Pi Q) -P 12 IS O C •P O o (0 rs [v| •H ^^-^ •»^ ^ -S en Q Q I — I -P cfl WJ • f— 1 •< ^5 rH g .B- o T3 h, 1 >i A , »^ -PC * 1 CL Q) g 5 X X! o CO e Plan atio: 11, Corp Wary Ccr Vene •i O « CD r-I 13 CO •r 1 — 1 H " O O X! -H -P fH G o Q rH O O G Eh K G ■rl 3 cu s •H +3 CO j::: CO O M O O S op in S C-PCO CHtO^O.» tH •s "v •» r.0 n H S C G -P C H fn rH -P CD rH 'sr^ * r-\ 5 j 3 W) P 01 D rH +^ rH rH 3 1 *t s HfHOCDrHtDO O MOP o c o a; C3 rH CD rH rH H O O 00 « rt e-t"--.rH 1 JD^v^qS^V, 1 rH ^^•H^^ G^>^ CO H CO CO • cO <» ^«^ E CM S W CM rH & CO rH CD UN Ch •H pq Ch a.cH p. o +3 mcM-H^o g-d--Pcvj ON -H NO rH lA > J- -P -9 ^ fH -P !h 1A ta 1 P^ -v. !>i • O o -H «> • >s 3 O •. 3 O 3 O o ■iq CO O COCVJ CSrHOrH CUrH O CD O +5 O GO !h O g CD O O O O Hi -P E h3 13 i -< tS 1 ^H 1 1 S 1 « ft 1 to 1 O I .H^^ Jy-^ ^-s. 1 to £-4 M f^ CO -cf - CA CD g -cr • CO •a,»E-) s.rl • o • Q • s • Q • •P • • ^ P* CM HOrH^rHCWrH rH ^a rH rH 3 rH <^ G CA CNI o , Cti CO ^ O >!. 03 -H CD J-< . ?-* g 8 ^ 1 1 c « o I fH 1 t:* 1 1 01 1 H 1 rH 1 CO 1 ■^ 1 1 J, '^ •uf^.H^J^ \r\ w^ss r<.'\s\ ■U> G UN rH "LA rH -LA P fA CO-U-N ■LA O -H 1 a's a r-\ "-P oCfl oCO • • t\ • -[H • -H • O <■ H > iH ^ H a; -d- • • « " r-\ r^ HCPrH cOHKHrHrH r-\ Pn CA <^ CA CM O CVJ CM CJ CM CM CM CM CV) CM rH rH H r-l rH O 4 tl • « • o s t> -P OO CX) CX) CO CO CO oo CO CO CO CO CO CO CO o 1— 1 ^t ' 1 1 1 1 1 o o o o o ! O 1 1 ! I o o o o 1 1 o o ( O i o i-^ ■3) tx • • • • • • • o « a • t. * b < O CO H fK On On O^ CA ON CK O. ON CvN 0\ On CJ\ CA H o s ^ ^ -^ ^ ^ NO NO NO NO NO NO vC NO NO CO !:qw rH Hi r-\ r-\ !-\ r-i r-, H H ^ h i S c C « G C G A O G G G G 1 3 a- M 3 P P P D P 3 CO A 1 am R dwin am R am R to P4 Pi Di ?H 1 1 1 ^ CO 3 C •^ _ •ct; CQ.'-v C "Ci O Ti tS u Ti T! TJ CD 3 5^ "^ :s M >= S fH o iH ?; CO Jh iH in P rH cm tf C CD ^ rrt "O Cri CD c5 CD > > > |> j> CO CO ^ ^ ^^ "J C CO CO CO CO CO CO 3 fo G C ffi a o o ^ s 3 to G 'S « G ^ CO CD O S -H •H o >H C(-4 -d- S !-:i e s S o S3 o a S G OS ^ X •LA Xi oo" X •H C V—-' n3 •H Q s i Q) ^ +3 CO TJ O ■LTN O lA C^ rH O 1 CO ^ b0 rt o E 3 CQ O o H CI O O O o o X g •H TJ CO < f^ 0) »- -P d -0 Q cti -|J M Cil rs R S •rl ^ x o» A o CO M Q « o o ^ to c e +3 ex O +3 n. o H O -P »v • tiD o P •SO -P Ogc8»eciJ G S Id G g Eh « cO C i c xi e >^ Tign ^t3B ti^e O g o s o o g tn EH CO •H in go S^-P S O CO MS O W g O G •H O G -HO o G G -HO 1 •5 tO C3 O CD •> c; «% -H GHG KGrHOHrH+3 cd 43 H O -P O •H cd -P -P H tC M O -P tJ ■H e cd t. .^+3 Xi +3 1-1 f^ w O O O 0-, O O >jH-5 O O "O O O cd CO o cd o CO o fiq 03 cd s CO o 1 CL, ^—1 O -P -P •X-P • H ^ rH q ObD •HOQD<^•^^C^ COOfli CihCOUPl,COOG »>H O n Jiri rH O +3 -rl CO CI, -rl O & MG •%« ^tiDC •^Mafc^OCOEGaaoBG GOrHSHGOr-!GOcO03ocd?HCO O •S -H H E In -H -rj H -H -HO K W -H ^ PQ OT -H ^^JCd+3cOrH+=cdrH-P^\ ^•^■P^^ .\H^ <4H O •H C O, 3 T-Ts Q^^tM cOtH P,3<+H &,PO CO p C— rH -3- P rH "LA lA P s ^ o J- ^-s M ?H S rH cfl CO eg H « (D O bfl ErH H^CD-PSH-PSH • cdrH3?-,PcOH3SHO\ o rH • CDorH" " •rl OSnOOrHCO C— r~-rH Eh SI I O CO O O CO o cd 1 S CO O O Eh O CO O O CO O rH rH O 1 Ph HP O 1 CO 1 Oh 1 1 ! Ph > ■ o O ^O J- (U rH VACDC—r- CMO- vO VO NO 1-^ NO VO NO NO • • • u O O O (U -p ^ (^ CM H O CD - CO o >• f-t •&DO •fn • •^^ • ^0 CD'Lr\cO-3'Or\a)f^CJ 0)0 O (D O O Q) I ' H rH H -P rH +3 S -P -P . . "S -P •> CO 0) p ■LA 1 I CtJ i I CO 1 - H H r-i P r-i r-\ H r-{ r-^ r-i G C G G G C ^ p ^ o a C3 Eh Is Mj CO CO 04 rH r-i r-H H r-'. rH P CO cO cd CO cO cd C> o P ? O C5 U O CD ^ cd (i. t=^ fa O H^ rH -P H H rH rH rH -P -P +5 X) TS T) C -d tJ xi tJ -d-d -P -P -P H-> +i -P += •^ ;d ;d CO IS 3 rs CD s S 5 13 ;s :§ ^ •H •rj -rj M ch ^ o O O ►-3 o o CO o o V-; h-P H^) H^ § o CI, a, Qh a, a o, a, a, a. G G G G G G s "U 3 3 S3 3 3 p P P p a -n CO en c3 O O C3 (lD a O CD Eh 3 ^ -^ 12 -H R OJ S tt M 03 S S .^r H M CO o M CO i CO CO Eh 00 CO !> •H u •< !x! « X! XI 0 W -P o CO § ,,^ t>5 E 0^ H •H ^»-^ •H C > 0 0 -9 w w ^ M rH ^ H 1-A 0 0 g s X! o ^ ^ O 0 0 e CO 0 CO •^ 0 i < co -(Cogc nJ a o 1 CO H XI ft (D g CO -H •H En H ft n 0 d •« CO -Ci CO E -P Co ?> •■i C-J ooanctocwocts co C CO CO E K CO cfl 0 u •p CO -^ O O .H C -H O -H -P CO O -H CD m 0 • 0 cO I <^ ^ O tH E -H g -rH E nJ tfl •rl E K X! >» C tS » -P 12 H O^-PS-Pg+^EaciJ ft +^ s M ^ rl 0 a Eh e CO 9 ,;r-^ Eh ^rHnjonjonjoacu & cO O ^ a U Eh ■H Ph to to «*, D-, Hcu-po-po-pooa o +3 O U -H (D +5 c, 0 Men Ch 1 M CDCQCO CO CO >-2 O ' '-3 ■= CO ■=: +2 CM CO x: W ft G 0 0 ^ ffj m H H rH "-3 O O H -p , S3 +3 to to •H 5* a i^bJDObJDObOO ^ O "sO M O •> o •«hJ CO !^ •» CO -P 0 0 ffi :o •>H HS^CriiHCiMrH'N rH C ^ H 3 '-^ i^' .r CO ^ ^ CO 0 « W \o Ch > H G CO oi a 0) ,^ (D C~ H EH ■^ >! 1 a o CH » Cm CL, CO to •H -P Cm to •\ S g a ca ■P43 so so EO-P-PcO-Pcfl E O -p ft -P +3 S M-H ■P G H H -H lA -H CM -H O CN J- lA -H (^ 0 E 0\ NO -P •r" ^— N e-4 §1 _a- a«4-3a-po+>o* o i. -P • (D a +> 0 0 P fH T) rd CJn 5 iJ J- PCvjpiCMPOJrH H O P vC -P NO CO CM CO P +3 (D ^H> s > 1 1 R 1 H 1 rH 1 rH 1 1 1 t H 1 Q) 1 CD I I 1 ^■^ 0 !> !> On M <+H vOMD^HvCrH^43rH>OsO Vi vO H ON U CJ\ !h On ON CK CA 0) fH ?H H 0\ ecj o n-\ o;*<»OoO»0»* • • o • O . EH e 0 • 0 H 0) 0) v_^ CO OOOPhOP^OPhOO o O P-. H G H rH H H rH "^ to to s 0) 1 1 1 < 1 1 II 1 1 1 O 1 CO S .. Tj ■LPiir, lA U\r\ WLr\ Wuwry. "la lA U H O H MH H H ■LA E 0 ° S M s :3 CM ooocDft(D»(D«# • » (B • • " cO • • » • Co 0 Ph S -P cocooo-Poo-Pco-Pcoco CO OO -P CO « 0 CO :s 00 CO CO CM o rt H OsCKOn CN On OnOn CTn On CN On on ON CN On G G ?H ^ o S vO ^ vO \0 \0 vo vo vO vC' vO NO vO NO NO MD •H •H OJ ^c;- r-\ r-i i-i r^ r-i rH r-i r-\ H H H H H H H S ^^ M ^ m ui ui CO CO CO CO n m •»v • r, 0 rHHH H H rHrH rH rHHH rH H HH rH H H G & H g IS Ch C3" cOcOcO cO cO cOcO cO CO 0 0 0 CO fepi^pCH pt< fxi liifii pen (i. G G , ^ ptj AJ ^ fn M ;^s^ ;h u u u u U a G CO Eh (D , cfic c n nc cj j:^ x: x3 x; x: 0 CiH Ch 0 « ct! vO 3P3 P a 3P P 13 to to CO to CO 0 CH ^ OOC3 C3 CD C50 O o U h b Jh ^ !h >j >!, >5 U CO cfl CO CO 0 H H H Q O OQ)Q (D CD 0)0 Q Q) f^ E S S S E •H •H G S -P ■LTN HHH H H HH H H 0 s flJ S (D Q) Jh iS cfl 0 +2 -P -P -P -P (D Xi ■n ^ -P+5-P +> -p -p+3 +3 +3 •rl -H •H -H •H •H •P r~ S CO •H -H -H -H H -H H -H •H fti h •^ t5 g rj 0) E s 0 go -=f h^i^h:) h^ h:1 h^h^ i-q hP ■3 S ^ R> P p t H .3 •H <: X X CsJ O a O X X CO EH Eh @ M I M g Eh O w ¥§ ■p H <^ O X Oh CJ CO Xi M -P Q O en S w O CO * •Si o CD 3 H CD CD -P to to o o 5 -p CO G fH t3 cO H v^ -P iV) — -P = XA 5 « ^ \ J CO ^ o « G •H Xl = rH u = CO H o o H m 3 O 0-1 o = -p a bfl !h = •\rH "N <3) •\ CO PQ ;h -p = 9 9 7 XA rA I lA OO CO NO O O I iH o CA I lA o OO vO rH o I I ■LA • CO vO H to Oh ■\ OJ a O o I en I •LA o OO NO = .a H P3 CD O •H > CO H CO ?H CD G I O O -P G CD G o ■H tD -P O CO U 43 U CO s Ih - . += O to o ^^ 0 G •H CD h P5 I •H H o CO !h O H CO C Ch -H p < I O o CM I •LA e CO NO Pi CO l+H -P -*£ ^ 3 O o a, •LA o I o • CM I lA o OO NO H H H Ch S S (D T) ^ -P G CO VO lA -=!■ CA CM rH I CO Eh CO pa w <■; P-, CO o CD t^ CO o CD G CD CO CD CD CD TJ > CO •H CD ^:§ CD 1L| H to CD CU ^1 o G PL, IS o o CD CD t^ G 0 (^ IS o o CD CD fH CJ) G CD P-, 12 O o CD CD c?3 c 0) Ph IS o o M ^i a> aj CD CD ^ f-t CJ 0 h ^ CO CO -P •p fH in 0 0 s s o o G Pi (L. M ^5 •H U Pi ?H CD o CO PQ ci ba G •H !h CD 0) UfNH •t •H :s f^ ■*£ 0 0 fl iH ^ CD fe fn CO ft ■P tH CO 0 s .§ •H c nJ •H 0 s w 0) o &o ^ -P ni T3 vi x: w tx! X! X XJ Xi X! ><4 X! >«4 tx! |x) >< ><) xi s si 0 e ^ ^ to pt) -H -o to •» ^ ^^-^ '■aj +3 nj M s cd -P e M •* :s a CO ■-^§ •H ■=1; m 'C "^ 0 p! ^H CO T O, 'H Q tH Jsi P 43 a f^ -O I fH H H iH iJ 0 cd CO Q) t>a ^■^ CD to 0 s C K ffi CD •H H ^1 3 •H -r! Jh 0 _^ CO •H 0 •^ X -P 0 ^J vO -P CJ\ CD 0 CD 0 0 CO s 0 T-l rH _aJCr-lGl>--PCQ ^ ^ CO EH (D • >-3 G CL, M 0 a> S cd H^04JC-PflOed mcdCroflcdSC) 5h cm 0 ft H t>s 0 0 CO Q M n ^ CD «H 0 ecD^coto-aux: -h H x: e^ >s+> 0 r-prJGTlOQi ft>j&, -P CO a-, Xi T5 G TJ tr; G •ri cticuqqtifl(DG6!>» U H M C 03 Cd !h 0 cd «\eH(0-HGGtocOcOG ?^C0 Oi-JCD-HOCXX^ro 0 e-i 0^ rt 0 H 0 COO POPhOPh-^S • •H C_) S CO 0 p:; 0^ J 0 W EH CD race; t=i!?j>-3SUD, 0 ^ q ;u p 0 g ^ <^ CO Jri m q 0 -H n 0 2 w 0 •> CD -> 0) •nS .«.>^.,n>k 0 « > a, •» CO a) A 0 "(-p •^o »> 0 4J Q'-^ rt H -P H a.iH rHOHOrHrH G H -H !h rH S <» rH tiOrH OH H CJ K •\ ■^ >= vO rH rH tt) r-) "■^« OH^-'HrHGrHcOrHqrH 1 Ocfl OcOCDcOCHCd'Hcd^ e5 * g H CO PQ cd fn Cd cd-PcdOcdOcd(d ■p & 1 tH 0 CH 0) (in q ch ch ch fH in-P-H^ q-p G-P-P •i'JH "v cho chcoch;3Cm-PCho cm cd ^ ^ H -P CJ-P • -P • rH+3OT)+3c0-PG-P!H+3-H •rl ?iqq::3cdPco?fcdp!H i ooH cdoPL^osogOpa 0 0 0 +3 in cd 0 0 P 0 0 S 0 o, (5 a 0 000 0 P 0 000 pzl Pk K W id 1 «h\ •\ "\ '^ \. ■^'v^ \. ^^ ^v. ->^ "\ -^ ^ H w S -p OJ CM rH 0 OM>- NO vr\ H CO >- -zt Q 'HS ^^ -=f 0 • rH 0 c # « • rH iH rH 0 0 0 0 • • • ct 0 0 H 0 0 0 3 m oi 0 1 ^v, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ^ i^S On On > !>s >;. h. >» >s !h u U U U !>» 1 Eh iH u c^ :o Cd cd cd CO CO CO cd H m '-^ ■p -p -p +3 -p -p -p 4j ;3 ?3 SJ P P P 3 0 (D (D :s EH 3 £i •H •H -H -H -H -H •H g 6^56 Q ^ 0 ^ Jh U U U U en frH EH fl EH ^ S +3 p3 CO pi H =H lA M-P C CO Co Co Cu Co CO CD Cu ;h x: x: j3 x: ^ 0 G q q G G G G 0 T3 T3 t! TS ^ •H Q) 2 G C C G S G 0 (D 0 0) 0 EH JJ -=f r !=> C3 t3 » & ;=> C3 g ttj ft; tti ct; s? -t^ cr\ K =^-^ SS' OJ ^ s. 12 O rH -P «H CO o rH ■H cd Q CD G (a o ft M CO CO CO H M B E-i a:; o •< < o w i n •rl O O CO Ph M Q S ^ CO H pi CQ fa M EH CO O M •CO E3 I w Eh CD -p rt xi to ^ M S CO T3 O X O o NO X! f^ (D (1) .id T3 +3 CC M i5 -p e X o M Eh Ph M O CO W CD rig S (D -P P^ cti ft; o 0 ^ xi S d O +^ EH C ■< M o m vO \A I I to to (D H C •H cfl -p CO (D -P to cii •3 -P o ^ ^ ^ Pi o Eh rH >> r-i U CS T3 i+H g -p 3 d ct! rH^^ r-i a H ch cu d -p ^ CO « CO I J- • UN vO O o pH I en 0 H I O « CO I -a- o "LP> vO r-{ i S H Jh -H cd T3 -P 'H S -^ d cd m P4 f^ o NO I \A rH \A CM o o I o ■o I J- ■2 -p •H O TJ o 3 rH rH CO s •LA -=)■ CA (M rH !h CD o cd m CD 3 G to , fn •P CD CO S cd g CD CD x: +> +i CO to u (D CD •P CO (U CD to CD CD X3 O ■n CD > T! •H cd P^ (D o cd m cd EH ^ X) CD CD CD 6 CD o Pi w Eh CO PQ u CD O ^ CD o !> o o to & •p cd Ph o XI -p •. d <• o s^ •« cd o S o C5 CtH o -p O e cd ^ +3 rH Cd PD C •H to •H O P-, XI rH to M U CD IS O (-) o o CD U o +3 P3 H •» U (D -P O o I en I H •H Cd ^ ■P o G cd -P C3 g <^ w w r-i <=: s s M ^ ^ CEi "^ tt 1 CO m X •H T) w U w U) C) a, w ft C/J <: CO u •\ fS H ^ o m o w &• ^ p£] crt ^ CL, CO w ffi u i W O o r-i (U CQ -P O CO •H nj Q LA t\ (D (D 0 CD f-i -P CO T5 m -P E ■H I UN I I I CM I •LTN CO CM O CM X! O o CO X ITS CM o CO C\J o X o o CN o o o H CM A. o t a CD u si a o o H cfl >s tH G -P ctl 3 ft ^ S "\ O o CM « n H cc I o t 3 cd -P Q o a ^i J- o a O H -P 3 o a e •H O pt, o ^ CO Q> O ■H > rH ■ ^ <-^ CO 3 o a o CO 0 o o OQ O O •\ H f-i rH p CO (> £h -H ■P fH 3 X O CO n CO iH O cO «M •P 3 B O -P c CO cJ -P iH CO >i !h M CO I -P W I CD lA O o CM I -J- o vO I O O VO H < \A 3 o ^ CM i • VO <^ I -J- o o H tA o vO I ■LA • O CM I -=f o VO r^ I -=r o O vO H « o I "LA t.) VO I \A r o CM VO I -d- V o VO oo o o 1 ■LA vD i \A o o CM vC. rA O VO rH H tL.0 « _ CO ^H O fQ CD (U to ■LA a • -H o e I -p H n • CD VO 12 [ ■LA ^^ w CO O CD CM C •P CO CM o I 1A O vO I \A r-i CM PL, O I s* o CM I --t c VO fA I -cr o VO H vO CA ! o vC C O •H +3 CO u ■LA +> » rH O -H CM PL, r ^ U n 0) VO -P CA to I G -J -H vO H o CO rH pq 0 (0 ■p G H CO O VO C I O H •H • -P CA cO rH 4^ ! CO -=r >:,--o' U ro ^1 I O) _:? VO H O CO >=H G pq CO ft •. O (H O cO Ch G 3 •H O 3 OD -P o O VO C(J I Cm rH 3 H to CD -P to H J-( 3 g m CO ^ ft G cO -P M E -H rH CO O fiH Ph Q) O -P -H iH i P G o o CJv CO rH U o Q) VO >i CA O 8 (D-cr vO H MH •H CO !h < 3 O O CO---. Cm H 3 •■ G C~- cO H ^J. f^ • 0) vO .ii CA O I (D _cr VC' cO •> 's CO (D Q O ^ ^ ft CO to to -P HJ •H G G Q M H 0) O tiD s cO 1-- 3 r-i . 5 u CO -P 3 ■H G a u nJ -p 3 ^ •H !-i EH Xi ^ o cu G S CO cO U G cq G -P^ to >5 CO -p 3 ■H !h Eh XJ G G t>5 U CO -P 3 .Q •a EH (D G G !>^ Jh CO -P 3 Xi •H U Eh 03 G CD 43 G CO U O o G Cd !h W >. U U CD X3 G CO U o G 3 D^ ft CD (U Q G ft (D CD ^ ^ ^ o C3 t> G G f^ CO cO cO u U in m w 04 x: ^ Xi -p -p -P fH u fn o o O s s 3 CO CQ O o 0 Eh o X CVJ lA a en CM O o X OJ H OS 9 i-r\ o a CVJ o CO o o o OJ o o lA O o O o ■LA O 5 o X! CM o lA O ■P O 13 ■n 0 -H Si, x: -p -p o n cti «» •H P bO •> 0 CO ?j 1-1 WXi p CD M C b p (S -H o •H P CO o P P •H O CD in e o !h CD G G O •H %) -P to a CD •H > c CO G CM O I r- -H -a- • P e CA Rj fA H P rH I rr< I -Ct r-l-=f e -H « vO ^ O CA cd CA I x: I -It CD _d- o ^ o vO SO H r-i a to O Cti q p rt ca o O -P •> t-1 !>jp M cc H cii (D K Ci^p X5 ftCO S CD CO cti Jh P 0) M ■ p £D •H -P O H rH CO o I G CO O G CO bD ?H O CO •H P G 0 to CO Ch M •> CO O. I _=f o MD CA I -d- o O vO H 1 I e vO CA I o O vO H a S^S3 S. rH f-l O r-) O r-l CO iH O (-1 O O CL, CO G CO CO Ch O Ch bflCH CO p CO p G -P H O cjj O GOO ■g vO CM fA « CH 0 CA O CM I S I -J- CO _=f o 0 c so fnsO CA P CA o O SO O so H O I A CM iH I -J- o SO CA I -ct o O so CM c CM rH I • so CA I « O so I -ct so CA -=f o o so H -d- o r-i T-i I « SO CA I J- o o so H >» u m p> S XI 1 G § •H « JG d:; x: x: X! x: x: XJ to o o o O T1 o o o u ^1 u § G G G QJ G G G 0 0 CO CO CO E cd CO CO !? > u M 5-. u ^1 Co u ^H !h 0 CO 0 pa O CQ m oa g PQ CQ pa « m x: S x: x: X! ;=> x: Si ,c ■p p •p -P •p •p p u ^H u 3 3 0 0 o o o o o o o s s s CO CO CO CO I CM I (D LfN -H s •P o H o o U C o o o x-\ Q) < |x! X 0 g ^•S o o H O O O O CO TJ Q !h a> O O •* -p eg rt -p g O O o 9 c5 :s H H H ^ •H ffi o CO •» (D t— ^ a I nJ u Q c i !>3 •^ 0 >jCm -ClI CO 43 cd !>s 0) HO ^ H rH (T) -P -P X! -P O o H (U -P U •H -H -P O 0 CD O G -H +3 O .H § E-i C CO B »\ o ch t> n} O -HO 3 O >^rH to O o CO 3 0) S G Ti MH to -P ■P CO Cm '. O -P Cfl b , <^ ^ <; 6 K C K O S G erf tD CO to rH O ^ t>a O -P c pa cd -P fH m g iH o ■H -H -P ^J xf 0) H !>= CI) -P 3 1 33 -P O Eh • -P •^ -P ^ !h -H >jTJ O -ri rH tD ^ Tl O O T? o o ^ »t fa W ^ § ctf Q) Dh PwCO H P^C0;!s!01h ' O O f^ • o H 00 Pn-rt O -ri 'S •» "^ O ^ to c, ^ 3 -.•H 6-4 \ !>j -P CO H cC M>J +3 rt -P fH CQ-PO •+= oHtOH tH rH ?H r-' H O H > W o5 T-Oi 3 H -P ciO cS >, G -P 3 O, OcdlSOcU ot3H!HrH 1— CD H rH Q H to ^ 1-3 :s O c3 cd -H G C5 CO M CO^ CO K -P Hi ;S CO CD cfl n CO G cd CO J^ S H U 1 Ch P-,-H CO «=. -tCO ^CHgCH CO Cm CO Cm Ch rw Cm o @ so ^O -P to bJD • "h "o lA rH H 'irH -P fH -P (P -P CD +3 -P H cd -P 4^ _J (t 3 O cfl Tj « • « MrH rH M CD rH 3 ni 3 fn 3 rH 3 3 H O 3 cd EH SI o OtEOgvO vO lA GcticSfiiirSOfaO «=; o O O O cd -H o o <15 1 1 1 1 I •H Cm Cm -rl cd Ch ^v, ^^ ^^ ^^^^C^.| f^ ^V^ 3 > "LA OO C-- H r-{ r-t tii)4i +3 M-P +J 1>- lA vO rH 4J (D CO a'g f^ • • * a • o cfl33cTJG3« " 1 o 3 S 9 #\ lA CM CM rH H rH CD O O C5 M O rH rH o o ,[p -^ O ^ 03 ' -Cf 1 : 1 1 1 J -^ -3- C^ NO CA CO CM CM I CM 1 l\ CM iH 1 CK o •• tJ CVl • e • (too O 3 O j •> » O • o ^ o • M S 3 vO vO vO vO vO "O _=f On CO J-=r -J- -ct -?• ■^ C? fA e-i 6 -p r^ r^ r^ fA 0^ m CA CM CM ICM CM CM CM CM iCM CM <:; H tH 1 1 1 1 1 1 I Illicit 1 1 ! 1 i 1 i-J EH C -J- J- -d- -J- -=r -^ -a- _=)• -:d- -Ct -=r -^ -Cf -=!• -=r J--=t J- -=f CO •sij t£ o V • • t^ o flOC.»000 O ft u O « o cj n) r-{ O o o o o o ooooooo o o o o o o r^ O S vO vO vO vO MD vO vOMDvOVOOvC'vO vO NO VO M3' VO vO fl-S- H r^ U TJ o o cd Pi Pi i:! ^i jy ^ 0) B Q 5 >i !>s tDtDCDtDtDCDtU 0) Q) 0 !H Q) u ^ i5 c3 ;h jh O (0 o |>>|>>|>!>fH ?H f-i ;h O t> m :s G m m a a a •H -H -H -H -H -H O O O O H CO C ■H -H -H p:5 CEJ ffj Pi K fa , , S p^ fH >H =H _:3^ S3 Xi ^ fa fa Ph Jh ?h ^ Sh O (U 5 o ■p -p OOOOOOCD J) Q) T! O o s^ O O to to to CQ to CO -rl -rl •rl •H 3 n O O o CQ & -P cd a, CO o w X x) CD cri 03 od tJ x! t3 xJ •H -H -H -H bH Eh Em E-< >«1 X X) X) •H -H Eh en iH crt iH rH H rH CTJ Qj CO CO Tl 13 iJ T^ XJ •H •H -H -H -H EH EH 8H Eh EH Xi XJ X! 8 » vO o CM O X X X! ><4 X X^ X! i X X! H e O .Q' rH cfl O nH O H cfl (^ (D a H >> rH C rH r<\ 0 bO •^ • en CD en 1 +> xJ 1 XA CO CU\ • Crt • OO -P rH CO to j«; 1 0) o 1 J ;h o J- • o u « o>-^ m CJ VO SO H H o •H crt -p n n o ^ -H . P -P CO o crt S -P t3 CO fH CD O >:, M O on© crt rH X! c3 crt crt J- -P 0) • Jh rHOa crt m rH (if en (U » M (n Crt I -P lACO o OO -P CO I o o3 VO r-{ o -p rH Crt m Q) CO •P a o +» o a •H crt crt rH Oh O O rH •H •H O to ja a. ^ jC^^ Ci^ ^ s:^ +3 -p +i -P ?! 3 S C O O O O 00 C^IA CJ o • • CO OJ CM I I I ■LAlAtA •H rH CO O O X) (U •H a •» IS o crt t(H tiD-P a 3 •HO to o u m N o o w m n •> H H rH rH CO CO tin tH +3 -P 3 3 O O e ft o o o vO VO vO H rH H t n O vO H I I I • « • o o o vO vc VO r^ r-i r-{ Xi O § u m (0 •H s ^ jC xi o o o § s crt Ih ;4 ;h ^1 (U ■p m Q CO X* T) T) ■xi xi t3 xJ xJ "O "lA rH Q) 0} •H •H •H •H -H -H •H -H -H -H fi v^-^v.-^ n • S 3 O o u Eh EH EH EH EH EH EH EH en Eh -=r (U . f^ to -P «HI I CO o E i E •H -^ r-l CO •J^ CD CO CO iH rH H rH CO CO CO CO cO cO CO CO CO CO VO o •j3 G Tf T) T< X^ 'O T? xj tJ x( n X) t! tJ X< TJ X) u 3 O O o -P OS Xt O -4 X « t-4 ix« !«) •><: X X XX oX • % fail ;s CO CM vO CO o s •-d o E-4 CO H g ^ Tj « -P Cfl M g rf -P s o •H i C? Ok o o c 0) rH . tU) 1 fj 5 to CO o 9,-p a CO One ■HOG H o © M O -H O O "H 3 W) CO G •H +> Q u CO ^ fn -P O 3 H if -H CO cO CO O +> .rJ ca J«J =3 tiD • cO TJ Sh H -H CO U CO bO O COS! ^1 0) 0) in -p a, CM +5 43 IxJ 3 O TJ H •H O '^ CO M E M f 0 G ^ CO G Em S CO ^1 § -J^ ^ 0) X3 f^ CO , CO . O ST G -i? !h 3 CO s CQ O +> ^ G a> bO CO ^ M a &, Ctf -P CO CO ^ G G O !H O • -H -H O G IS E-i CO !>»iH >> !h Oh o o; -P ch CO cfl O O O O +s O G •H _J ^ CU o G 0) s o G S Ph CO <»H O O O G tiD ODTJ rH t>s * H •H CO X) CO -P CO x: T CO O -H -H rH • +3 O Q> CO s « fn §•§ o. o i-q -P t3 to O m f^ Sh Cd O -P 43 O f^ 13 ^ O 0) S O O fn (U (0 J3 •> •» to rH CO © -P P g w vO ■^ o ; 1 n to »» 0 •. o •> O "V •» •> »» n »v "^ 1 iH^^ 1 E-f W CIS H C rH •p M H O H H H !>sH H rH rH z:> r-\ rH B X! CO rH O 3 H >A ;s ■LfN ^ C 'cd (U iH © H « CO TO CO CO rH rH rH r-{ rj rH Q) CO CQ O, " CQ VO 3 M S-i U CO H rt 2 CO CO cO CO rH CO CO x( CM a Q) 1 tH •H Cm O «H ^ t(H CQCu'H'iHf-HtHCH'iH ^H cO «IH tH TJ •» •i+> 1 G 1 1 P^ -p -P tH -P S -P S +^ O -P -P -P •H -P +3 +J » -P P-P u-P-HHrHG 33 03rHrHH 0) r- © C-- s P5 i? _:J 3 0) 3 O 3 3 3 Jh 3 3 3 CO 3 3 3 O 3 • H • ej 3-^ O pi; o o o C5 O CQ O O O cd O O^ o O 43 0 00C5 to CO g CM O CM S > 1 "^ ^v. ^-v. ^'■^Cm «h -P 1 1 ^ S'g o c^ r- VO lA rA cvj ON r~-vO cr\ i^ -S "> CA cr\ c^ • 9 « c> o ■ 9 O W O O 3 3 0; « ■ * C\J H rH iH e-\ r-\ r-\ o o o o . . lP.P }^ H H CO (D J 1 K 1 1 1 I 1 III 1 « II \^-^ EH t 1 s .. xl 1A XA lA lA ■LAIAUN \AtrN"LA "LA lA -LA OnoO O CO oo o a 3 OJ a • • « • • 0 o • • • o o • o • (1> • o M o +> OO CO ^ § C c § G C G CO CO CO cO G C ffi O cO O gi vO tij c3 cO CO cO ftf to ^J h CO CO cO fH in u !h !h !h in in ^1 is in ^ i:} ® " S G fH cq CQ CQ CQ CQ PQ CQ cq CQ pq pq pq CQ CD U U Q CD iH fH Jh >5 to 3 3 IXN -P +3 +> -P •P -P -p +i +3 -p 43 ■P -P O Q) 0) (0 -H C^ fe w OJ CQ W CO n CQ to CO CO CO to ra > > pq +> s O O Q) .H -H ^ 3 3 -P « W CO 3 f^ s 3 3 s 3 3 5 3 3 3 3 g'S -^ x: ^ Xi J3 A B B 43 X! X3 J3 Xi J3 CO "^ .HO -p -p +5 -p -P -P -P hS -P 43 -P •P -P bO o o +s S ^^ u u Sh ^ u u u ;h ^ ^4 F^ Jh 5h H O O U Ej P o o o o O O O o o O O O O O CO to 3 c^ s s 3 s s s s s s s s S S O 0< ft O cO cO ■^ -P -P +3 ^ -H CO cfl C CVl Ph Dh S M |l H CO Q M CO I 03 E-t CO B in (D t> •H O O to & -p ;2 o i CO a o 33 CO en CO CO g CO I ^ LA -Hi +'1 0) a> ^^ m -p Cm CO O l>j cd Q '^ ^ 0) 0) (^ -P CO T( CO J3 W) rt o e ;s CO •H T5 (U •H t3 iH H H H CO CO cd CO T( -O T) T3 TJ Xl •H -H -H -H 'H -rl EH H E-i EH e-t Eh EH CO •H Eh CO H CO tJ •H Eh CO CO •H T< EH EH X H ■Lf\ CO X! O O O o o o o o o ■ o o (^ O CN H O m -a" o -d O Q) ^ R +» -P O cd Q) VO \A I CVJ g CO w H I Eh Jh Q ■P CO o o o o H S 0) (U -p -p CO CO ii Q) (D '^'^ -P +3 pq pq c\ •» •» • H H O rH H O CO cd •*^ -2 o o I « • o o H H O * o VO H I o NO II » • o o vO vO fH t< !h Jt! ^ !h (D (1) ® ^ > cd td ;s +3 to o a a •H rH Cd O -P O cd o n H OJ r^X r-i ^ VA-H 0 -p rS in C t~~ 0 P14 ■ Q CD 0 0 ; g 0 CA CA g 'O SL, c3 i-:i CD » 0 0 ^ 0 E 0 0 (r\ 0 g ^ CO •H ^ t3 s ^ -^ s H 0 0 0 G pi CO 0 CD x! W) u w M Ph CO Pi PS Ph P-, 0 tS G ^ Ix, !h G G CO CO Eh ^ S 12 CO r-i tti W S •H 0 0 2 ^ CO -p » i^ s EH 0 c c CD CD ■P ;h -H CD T) CD S CD ^ g Q) > g CO pJ 0 tUD CD 0 G 0 4^ cO TJ Eh p CO M •H -H ii -^ Cd Ph -P fn •H S pq IT) ^ ^ Eh CO CO CO CO S CO G 0 P, G s ^ fc •t5^. l^-^l- -p 4:5 CO S -P S CO CO 0 CO M ?H S -H •H 0 CD ^rH H q CO 0 »> •S G -P G -P CO CO •N 0 •H •\ 0 -rl TH PS 0 •> m pi G g G rH -H rH +3 rH DS -P r^ TJ G -p S 0 'o 0 CO 0 CO -p -p r-l -P i-H fo x: CO -P CO 0 -P c:5 r-t crt 0 CH H ^ R S H S H S 5 CO CO CO CO G > ft G -P CO CO 0 4^ -H 1 (i)S cd •P *^ w 1 Ph cl, •H -H C|-l CO Ch Q •» CO CO cO CO CO -ri fH 4J to cVh PUD 0 d pH vPt- «\ •\ 0 0 -P rH -P J^ ■^r-i iH S G rH H -p cO fn r-i PiTl s •H Q ^ b ■LA rH -P rH -P Dh Ph j-^a 0 (D rH Ph a Ph bii 0 s P M 0 •JjCO 0 s w rt iH G (H G -P ^ CO t, .3 G p. 0 CO G 43 1 s P-i e-i hj :3 1 CO CD CO CD ^ i^!- ^>>. ^-, CO CO ch -p ai -p •H CO ■H CO S M M fH 'H e '^-i e Xi XJ H 0 +D -P G t> •> G tS) G "LA ttO 0 cti Q Jij M •^ CD & CO fX CO tH Ch CTs On -cj--d- CA CT) CO CO <; s Pd PS PS K PS ^ U U EH ^ s s ss m m Si to 4J X! ^ Eh CO CO CO CO 0 0 0 [Tj 0 ^ rt CO s s s s § § §5 G CO \0 g 0 gg f^ ^ PQ Eh PQ CH 3 •%:; 1^ tH EH M CO CO CO CO CD 0) 0 U 0 t3 0 « AJ U (D 0 M 0 X5 CO Sh PS -P -P 0 CD U •In -H CO •fl !>H >j »i •» CD CJ CJ G -H -H U CD f^ 0 b. CD PS BS G PS ^ 'l::} -^ ■< x: c c ^ 0 ct; 0 -p ^ M 0 0 r-i 0 0) M 0 CM lA 0 4^ rd T) CO 0 H S w x: M Jxj 00 ><;>D 0 iH 0 ?H 0 f4 CD rH 0 1^ P-, G CO 0 G CO ts 0 0 u CD JO p:; +3 M ■H -H S -H CO 0 0 > T3 Eh •» CCi P..H ^ X3 fH W Q) CD •H -P G -) ^ C3 g 0 000 <+H ^xlfegcS pc; 0 G CO 1 C-ilI pi 43 ^ CO vO p a CQ cti G -H U CO s 0 G ^ w P-, cfl PL, CO iH ^J§°g 0 0 rH 00 CM <~) •H ce; O'-^ 1 G •» !^ 0 CJ > P^ 0 S 1 j 0 ■~^ t>^ •* s iH T3 PC Im ^ ^ S P CO -H CO 1 C/D 5; P4 E H ct5 ■LPi 0 < rH 0 43 CD M -H 3 -rH P.p:J •-!£-=? t-i rig ^ CS 0 X G iH Ch Ch 43 CO TD (D T3 G -H G PQ 0 CO G eg cO T3 G rH ] — ^ Q ^ s 1 ^?3 43 43 CD 0 ^1 ^ 0 S tt) 43 CO Sh H G cu 43 CO 43 CO G 43 e CO <; 0 -p -:J G (D 0 CD 0 pu, CO • p,-H 43 -rl P-, CD CO 43 43 e-H fS ct; (t; nj M G 0 CO S Pi CJ CO &H -H Eh g 0 CO G i e e CO 43 £ CO 0 s c^ 0^ CM CM iH 0 On CA 43 43 0 CD ^ Q !>H >-^<^ H rH rH iH rH H C 43 CO Pi XI 3 cd CD w m 1 s ^ 0 ^ u a vi 0 >3 Eh -H rH o 43 CO rH H G CD 43 to CD P M G 'H CD & O" to -O 0 CO P 43 H w w 0 0 WWW s fi "^ 000 G 0 12 0 ?J ^ 3 0* s 0 CO ;h 43 CO H 2l 1 CO CO W S CO ^ ^ Ch Ch -H CD TS 0 0 CO ^ CD > CO > H-S J^ s s Si s s s G H 0 G G to •1^ pt^ p^ 0 pcf cd Pi G H M W G CO p:; 0 0 p:; cii VO 4 H CD t> M >H >H 0 CD CD "b !>H =H -^ >; "2 (D ^ -P PQ PQ 0 i-H P5 Pt3 PQ G G to CO CO ^ tf 0 •■^ S^ u"^ WWW CD CO S S S •H -H 73 e S CD 0 0 CD -H •?( 43 03 •H J^ fc; -p •y s M 0) g d o CO » •rl a c o •H P rt -P CO G •H bO cd I ■LA 0\ w >» Pi Si 0 CO m -p CO s s :S Xi •S > 0 CO (U TJ H ^4 ^ 0) P. in U f^ 5;i ^ ?H S Q) 0) 0) ^ f> S CO ^ t» !> > t> t> (h* •^'H iH C H bO •H -H •H •H -H •d (D ^«-dg CO c •H « « Cd tf ft; cii ft 5) m -p -p P H P -P p -p -P +a w HP P 5 s c c; R q a u cil 0) cd cO CO Q) Oi CD a> CD f^i 0 0 m SS ^ as 3 33 p3 p P P P p p P CU c5 CO CO CO CO CO CO ^ CL, CL, O, cu Ph Ph CL, •\ LTV -H o 12 -P * O Sh C X en > E OS o |x^ lx| M lx! « fx} :s CO O O O o fti •H en CO xi Q ?H CD VO «i ^•^u s § g 1^ s X O • O X! o •H 1 OJ R (1 0) cff-- o ■P a> CO a o H H CO OJ bO M _? o I CO I rH Q M -P as Q) 0) S •'^ H tl> ^ tH >j to C c^ to ^ Ih CD Fh & -E! •w T) Q CO Q) ,^ S « JH a -p Tj •H r1^ ^ § bfljKj a> -H O to ^^ 3 a fn -H O ffi to 1 Q o to t3 bflP -P "d Eh o r^ U U -P 3 ^ -H O -P •rl to -rl D:; R R (D cO CO -H '^ H c O Eh ^ (0 o >j fiO MM to hJ -ri CJ l>a O « x; -H O u ^ o a ^ EH pq O E »• CO is OH CO o Sh x; o IS 0-, Q) C •ri o -H a CO H a-H a -P CD S ^ ft •-= PU ^ ft S -> CO t> -P »\ P3 r-i !h cO 0) -H ^-i •H ^ r-l O •! •H rH CO r-i • "x ■=!! fn H i-:| -H -N cO S O VO H b01x< rH ^1 CD O (D OH R CD ?H ^ fQ nj ^ 1 +> CO fn Q fr, -H cO C CO W)Ji{ to O J« >s-P CO CO & ^ O 1 ^ m 1 ch O O Q) C P 'n O Xi +5 » -H -P Ch
  • » bO '^^:S O CM -^ ^«^ CO^^ HO >:.'H H O 1 tH M ft 1 ^**. eq m a rt^^ CO o o -P H ^v. •^ CD tO'^j:: Jrf"\. y ■P -H XI'LTN 'H ao n-rlTlXA OHvO ^lA > 1-^vO OHg. j ^ S □ M O o -P o 3 W U o • t>i • « ft •H o +3 rH H O CO fH CM 3 fH -P O CO O vD er\ U\D OVO C COtA TJ tC 1 ^ P5 iS o . O &< to O O tH rH H CO o 3 o CD S "^ t 1 s '^ 1 i s: 1 1 1 -HI •H ra 1 ' fj iH NO VO '^nO TJVO vO to tovo H RvO ^ S'S • -P P Cl> • 'J © o ■2 0 Ch » R • » R >j » P-M o :3 <^ O 3 O ti t— O O en CVJ VO 1 1 ^*s^s^ li 1 1 1 1 1 1 t 1 1 1 1 CO « X* H O OJ r^ «n f^ (^ (^ cr\ rr\ tr\ m tA CA CA s S 3 CJ • • • • • o 3 0 • o u o o • e o O +3 VO XA-^ <^ cn f^ r^ c^ r<^ (^ r-^ rA (A CA CA 14 ^« 1 VO MDVO VO VO ^^ VO 1 VO vO VO VO 1 VO VO VO 1 -t! • • 0 0 »l o o • 9 O a CO q s H 1^ lAlA "LA ^ •LAIA ■LTV Xr\ UA XA lA XA VA •LA 1-1 i-^^-' ON Os CK CN On On CJs CN CJn 0\ CN ON ON On ON 1 u u u u U U ^1 Q) 0 Q) (D (D > > > > > > 9^ ^ •H -H -H •H •H hH •H s S u h" ^ ^ Ih ca Pi Pi K « P5 s Cm M u p !3 a) (u 0) pM s CO > > J> !> +> +3 +3 -P 4» +» +i tH -p •H -p •H -H •H R R R R R R R 1^ Eh 3 Pi 3 Pi Pi Pj (U tu o 0) CD tD p ^ §^ •H -p 43 +9 -P -P g ^ g ^ U g S^ fH a ^4 G G S ■P -P P •P -P +3 ■P \0 EH d) EH 0) O Q) cO to CO CO to CO CO ^ £ t3 ^ Tt ^ S ^ A< Ph P^ Pw Ph Ph Ph a 0) (U f^ ^H if 0) -g -P 4j (U CD CD 0) <0 <0 0) 3 -t^ VA u 0) > a. i CO CO Ph Ph CO !^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ H r^ ^ a S ft 0) S TJ t3 T) T) -d tJ -6 CO G n (U 0) CD •iH n-t .H •H •H tI •rf ^ o -a- » rH •p -p -p » H H :^ s s s; s s s s s s C -P •P -P +> Eh 3 'H •H Ti •H rr\ gg ^ ^A 1^ i-q ^ -P -p -p :s .H CO CO B CM Ph CU s «ii: H 05 iii< ' H CD •\ H o -P c>- H Sh G >5 3 O _=f ■H •3 o c>- X # ta •H « g s OJ o +3 TO n B3 ^ M oo o O VO o vO § CD O S 13 CO *" Xi o '^ X X 9 o o w •H g XJ CO o (D ^ X) -P CO M (D O CM o o o •» ig -P £ •H ><) Xj (D • o o o CO I <\ H ^ H 3 1 CD CO ^ H 3 S [-^ CD -P o to •H iH -H Q TJ o cfl cfl +3 -H S » *. a cfl tM > +5 fH S S H r-i O CO 3 i^-J a P CO CO cfl "^ • S H S "-^ S fk) U P TJ C CO Q, » Co iH ^ cfl C cfl > CD •» S 0 G (D -rl "5 CO nJ ""' a +^ O & > 1 fn rH 0 Xl O XJ +3 cfl • i J— 1 0) a ►. cfl •HO 1 . 3 rH -d •H -H cfl cfl (D O E-i ^ c CD s H cfl CM -d S 1-1 13 ^ S pq G cfl xl S CO •> a •H M -■P cfl cd cfl C O > > CO .r) +3 1 g CD cols '^c'^C'v^'d pa o •H o +3 g:; •»-H CO +3 to +3 +3 o c3 S o H CtJ > !>: cfl cfl On+a O ^OHOrH^-H •N+3 H +3 •» fn G 3 CO ^ H fn ct) B CO CO S tt) MhP {D-HrH-HrHOfnC (D O H O bD Qi O -H "^ fT* t Q^ w cfl O CO CO O +3 cO ^+3cfl+3njcomo ^ (D CO ?H CO (D G 3 fi, Ci, PL, 1 Q Q ^-^ 1 '+^ & O- n =\0 CO •r) CO Cfl IV-I cfl Cm Jh -H Cm ?H -H t^ S •» g ^ !>^ +i in -^ B H rH Ml txO to a +D.rH+3.H+3e-t «+3 +3 ;h +3 fn M CO •» 3 H +^ CA H C? XA D O 0) O cflXJ'--H0303 CDO G O 3 O CO CD CD Ph 'tJ s 1-:) IS 1 >^"^" cfl cfl a n Cm Cm -H -H OSSMOOOO &0^ CD H O O <0 d '-3 M -^ ~---. CO +3 CO (D 1 ^1 2 S +3 M -P -P !h hi • CA ■^•^^CJ^ WCO COCN-H-P f-t C— Ch O Cm O +3 Cm QJ •^ -p J- G a 3 3 3 CO XJ c(D+3 e vO \A OnCO -LOv c f> o(Oo0"CO=O CVJ to CM CO CNJ CM O Eh •3 So • * 9 O • o 3 c p3 a • -3 ,-^ 0^ f- C— \0 M3 vO lA COXJIA OTA 0\r, COIA m O o^ O m H H H H H H H rHMS^HDrHPHaJr-fO) iH K rH X r-{ H 1* Sf CO CD 1 1 1 1 bO O 1 XJ * tD 1 G ! to 1 1 1 1 Jv S g .. 1:3 c^ (^ • • » • lA Xr» \A "LA lA • lA • c • lA "LA "LA "LA ^ nq-S- CN On CA 0\ C3n CJs (Js CK ON 0\ On On 0\ CJN C3n M ■ &' " ^ (D > ? g •H (DO) CD U u U .^.^ .^ > A3 ^ x; ^ -H S H en 0) C:J « fti « O O O O W Pi g g ^ -P +i -P G c g 5 CO cfl TO cfl +3 +3 +3 g ^- -P s c s a u $^ u u a C 55 G G G vO cfl S CD 0) (D PQ pq m m (D 3 3 3 CD O ph 8 ^^ d Xl Ti xi T3 3 « pel p:^ y ^ Q ffi CD -P +3 -P +3 H C G C -"^ >n, b' h '^ 15 S H-» tA H cfl Cfl Cfl Cfl O O O O cO CD 0) Q) cO cfl CO^ Ti (In • r-l 5 5 • H •rl a ca •H s « g o 0 g. ■i^ \£J <5 4^ cfl TJ 5:? 2? w ra ^ bfl O O tf nJ o E txl tx! Xo X ' X >^ xi p<; Eh ^ w o o CO :d »^, !h cu ca f4 (DP -d •* CO O 4^ C n5 IS 0 H 43 05 G O m CD f4 O S tV) Tj C aa3 CO Oj 0 3 O S-i 61) U d O O U -H ba W •Ha>43fH o-=i!tQtio <; _ _, "^ fe. c« ? S O p£] O O f • 0) CO CO S «N f^ Ph |Xl E O £3 njwp0|>3» ca5 43 CO -H S -H -J- O >5 ft >sH 43 ffi Q'- I C O nc3 ex O O rHCDagoJG^HCO H : p H "»&H P 1- ca CD S <+4 Ti c3 4J^>«. tdHCDcv iH H>30 1 jjCJcfloJGOjnjp rt G Cu G P,J3 > bfl W nj lA 3 « OHEQ)rHHo3HfHl -H 3 15 o o ■ajrt-PiiiDnS cCnJ-H m M ^< ? 1+4 ClJ OJ ^CHTliCMPPQ O "iO nC3&P» ^ += _^ 1 3 rt n f4 • 3iHG;H3nJpG e,>5rH !>»r-| ^ 'k , H rj y eg S oSmOOCOO cO a'g « o i) O o o e ►>j43 g p g4iX!Pp3PcOPG" r\ ro r— -d' p^ f^ CA cH H 43 G O 3 O3CG!H3fH305f-H O O Sm O O c3 O CO r-i CO G 1-1 O O s (U i 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 i 3^^ "->. S •<• t3 en rn tn 0^ fA CA - VO M S 3 o p a • • • • o O e o » * o t> H S -P CM 0^ On C?\ CJn CN C?N CIS CJS CN CTn CN CN On ON X g ^ U h U U U U E~i ttf <0 <0 Q) OJ (D (D < s (4 > > > !> > !> :s 3 m ^ -^ -§ •H -H -rl -H Eh CE! pii rt (ti §^ u o 43 43 i +3 P 43 43 S|- Xi C C Sh C G G G X5 vO (D CD ft) (D V (D (D o EH S ^ g CO g g ^ g G Q Q> 43 +> ;h P +i +3 +J fH tl f^ &J 5^ ^ ii ^ -t^ lA 0) oj nJ Q) ca a a c6 o a 0) 0) (U 0 PQ ^ J^ 3 Ah Oh CO (L, p^ d, (^ > > >{>!>>„ & 00 S: •H -H •^ '^ -^ '^ 1 CO o (D 0) O H tH CrJ H H 64 H H H H (U ^ O 43 43 +i 43 43 43 43 43 +3 +3 43 43 43 >? 43 p 43 P 43 43 G S G C G G CO S CD •H -H •rl -H "H "H <; X >< o w :s w ^ O O O « •H en CO Q T3 h 0) Q) V ^ -p CO M •t ^ -P S X § 12 C •H g U ?H ", t J, o •H O .H -p w -a; Jh s -v g 3 ca rO c n O H o c3 © 43 C Jh "g tH Q cO CO $5 4^ i^> IS H crt IS PhP-. in ►-1 qj +^ CO Q S CO CO •P CO H & oj E-1 s X! S Ti cO R C » O -P cfl O o CO E-1 CO Ph s -PS S (D tJ •H , -P O J3 O "^S H , ^ M PS < Q) fn C •k g O O. •^ Q) -H •> O ■< '^ CO iH pq Oh-p h m to Q) -P C H g f^ o vj 43 rH > 43 TJ O H 5 to ?; g rH cd Jh +3 cfl 0 CO g^ VO H & CO rH (U (D CO -. tin CJ •» Jk «H( O O CO -P CH n rH (0 CO cO ffi H cd ■P ^ H EH +i Jh ?^ (U UO +i 3 CO H ^ H 43 0 0 eO XA R H^ ^ "LA 3 OH 3 O a. M bO C 3 CO rd Ph O PL, 3 TJ tiO (D CO !3 1 g M ?H O fc CO OJ O Pr. cO C -H ^ f^ " « 0 a a tA "^ -p Ch M-^x, n :2 -H -P ^- 9 "• ^ "^^ a -r^ «%43 g ^ -P CO 3 S H Q) M S H CO CO P «\-iH H -H Q Ih r- in ^ -P cO +3 CA &0 • rH n B 0 TS cO 43 rH (D 0 a 3 O (D CO o m •LA R CJ CO , Cfl M -H CeJ > 8 •^CO 1 Ch ^^^ 1 cO O i+H O f-r"! a's _d- O -^ +3 •UA "LA lA EH i-Jw CTs On (Jn CJ\ o\ On C3s OS Crs 0\ OS CO ^ n ' d 13 CO ? H -S g s ;C1 Q) fH e-1 Eh ^ 0 ^ S to u "la. S M >-. § Xi U M yi Cd, cd M3 V m m ^ 0) cd 5 "h 2J ^ H to CO QJ IS CO -s C CO ^d -^ -^ mo 0 -rl ,0 -i <»H J- o QJ O -p •'-' s •S ►^ "-^ g o -P -p M +3 -P -P a 43 ■2 CO a o s c s 0) e C pi 0) (0 S o 3 Q) 0) JH 43 CO o H to •H O to 13 O iH -P CO C O •H -P rt -p to CT5 § •H -P 0) to o H vO CN pH to •H O to s o r-l U -P CO o •H -P to u o o (U ra ^ V tJ o H ^ o cd o (0 •rl o u ■P 0) ^H u H CO 1 H cd •H ft OJ •P 12 ■H !h O •P CO rH U Pu Cm a 1 p^ & 3 o o J5 H H o tM H 0} •*;» J5 •H 1 Q IS H P. o •H jH to J3 •H to to t3 •H XJ R !^ j H R ft •S ^ 5 to R rH P CO >»-p Q) ft 3 CO O g O O 0) a> o ;.§ o to to R X> Cio & Qj CD 3 a> H Q O T) ft ^^ •H ft 3 H cq CO •p CO Xi CO CO o >^ U CO R CO to s O Q) 0) •H t 03 B -P ffi o O s bO O > • R B •H (U CO CH Pd rH ft-d- O X> B-=r -P CO O H Q) R rH O • to CU •j3 o 3 S o O > CJ ch !X! -P (0 CO O CO u XI 0-, +j o § R o CO Q) R Pi -R ^•^ CO • Co ^ -P •H -P cO ^^ i' t-1 >^ -:* VO C7\ H CD •P O o I I I CO m s s 1-1 I CO pq ■^3 CO CO M g cq M O CQ CO -p O O o h5 -P a •H o o +3 (xj O ■p •H O P-. bO O u C"4 IS o fa 0) to CO •rl CI CO Q m a o CO M Q E-i CO CO g M CO LA -H Q> Q) :3 O e e -H n •H S 53 -p S Ti rt C3 g ^.^ Q) ii xi -P cfl QD (NJ O O o O o o o a CM B a, M Pi o CO o vO lA r^ (M H crt +3 > s cd CO C3 •H CTt ch +3 •\ -P tn CO I— CO C3 Q ^ en H •V •rl Cm rH o) 4-> U rH 3 •H cfl H O <« ch n) ■P ^ C3 3 cd o ^^ S I r- C-- • • H CA ON •H o W cd -P o C +> 0) o X! Oh 3 +J tH rt O PL. X! ^ H-> o 3 O X! H -P 3 -P o O crt CO s Cd •» (U -p TJ ^H cd Cd ^ ^ •^ a fn •H CO crt -p H ^ o i-*i CD rH •i T) ctJ !>5-H ^ •P to U U) Ok 3 ^ >. o -p O M a c 3 W •H o «■ T( o t^ 3 m cd o •• ^ u r^ u S ■p 3 to C?\ 0) •p o o I H I !" I' APPENDIX C RESERVOIRS, LAKES MD PONDS See Description of Appendices (Appendix C) in the General Reference Section for a narrative discussion of this material. APPENDIX C RESERVOIRS, LAKES Ai^ PONDS IN CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE DRAINAGE BASIN, MARYLANlBi- Reservoir, Lake Surface Area, Location of Dam Maryland Stream or Pond Acres County Coordinates Chesapeake Bay, West Bush River Bynuin Run Forest Hill Pond loh Harford 973-638 Bynum Run Bynum Run Pond 2,0 Harford 98I4-620 Otter Point Creek Winters Run Elbow Brook Benson's Pond 0,3 Harford 972-608 Winters Run Atkisson Reservoir 91.0 Harford 991-605 Bush River Churchville Pond lc5 Harford 1012-630 Bush River Forest Green Lake 5o0 Harford 1018-590 Gunpowder River Gunpowder Falls South Branch North Carroll Pond lc2 Carroll 830-680 Gunpowder Falls Prettyboy Reservoir i,5oo„o Baltimore 0870-660 Western Run Beaverdam Branch Oregon Branch Oregon Pool 0e8 Baltimore 878-60U Gunpowder Falls Loch Raven Reservoir 2,U00=0 Baltimore 923-588 Gunpowder Falls Mdo Train„Sch. (Boys) 1.0 Baltimore 9h3-Sl9 Patapsco River North Branch V/est Branch Cranberry Branch Westminster Pond 1»3 Carroll North Branch Liberty Reservoir 3AOO=o Baltimore 8UO-53O Patapsco River Avalen Pond 2,5 Baltimore 878-508 Deep Run Hanover Pond 1.0 Ao Arundel 87S-U95 Stoney Run Harmons State Nurs- ery Pond 1.0 A. Arundel 886-i;82 Stoney Run Friendship Pond 1.0 A. Arundel 893-U87 Patapsco River Patapsco Ponds l-li 13.5 A. Arundel 888-502 Middle Branch Gwynns Falls Gwynnbrook Pond 1.3 Baltimore 862-576 Northwest Branch Jones Falls Lake Roland Reservoir 80.0 Baltimore 901-561 Jones Falls Druic3 Hill Lake 5»o Balto. City 903-51il Curtis Bay Curtis Creek Furnace Creek Sawmill Creek Wagners Lake 13.0 A. Arundel 907-U89 Patapsco River B. & 0, Pond 2.5 A. Arundel 93h-\x96 ^ Source: I96I Maryland Impounciments Inventory, Department of Game and Inland Fish. Impoundments included in the inventory are used for recreation. CHESAPEAKE BAY, WESTERN SHORE BASIN (Cont'd) Water Reservoir, Lake Surface Area, Location of Dam Marylan d Stream or Pond Acres 11,0 County A. Arundel Coordinates Magothy River Waterford Lake — w Magothy River Milo Pond 0„8 A„ Arundel 9ii5-i;61i Chesapeake Bay^ West Randals Cliff Pond 1=5 Calvert 93li-303 Parker Creek Morsell Lake 8o0 Calvert 919-258 Patuxent River Triadelphia Reservoir 800 oO Howard 800-500 Patuxent River Rocky Gorge Reservoir 810 oO Montgomery 85o-ii5o Crow Branch Bear Branch Laurel Reservoir 5.0 Pr„ Georges 839-ii58 Unnamed Tributary Blue Ponds 1, 2 and 3 7o5 Pr, Georges — Unnamed Tributary Cash Lake U2,0 Pro Georges 859-U36 Little Patuxent River Midway Branch Franklin Branch Kf^lly Pool Lake 10.0 A, Arundel 876-li59 Midway Branch Rieve Pond 1.0 A. Arundel — Midway Branch Soldiers Lake 22.0 A. Arundel 876-i456 Little Patuxent River Plumpers Ponds 1 & 2 3<.3 A. Arundel 875-l4ii5 Western Branch Back Branch Melwood Pond lc3 Pr. Georges 8It9-35U Collington Branch Unnamed Tributary Woodward's Lake 6,0 Pr. Georges 869 -UlU Collington Branch Allen ' s Lake 10,0 Pr. Georges 87li-l|01 Collington Branch Upper Marlboro Lakes 1 and 2 55.0 Pr» Georges 873-358 Killpeck Creek Horsehead Pond 3.0 St. Marys 863-235 Patuxent River Lores Lake 5.0 Calvert 956-177 Patuxent River Drum Point Lake 8.0 Calvert 96I4-I8O Patuxent River Patuxent Air Station (3 Ponds) 7.0 St. Marys 980-170 - 2 - APPENDIX D STOPu^GE REQUIRMENTS FOR SUSTAINED YIELDS See Description of Appendices (Appendix D) in the General Reference Section for a narrative discussion of this material. APPEI\iDIX D Storage Requirements for Sustained Yields The following tables list the artificial storage require- ments, computed as outlined in the Description of Appendices, General Reference Section, for streams on the Western Shore of the Chesapeake Bay. The storage values are given in terms of mean annual flow, but can be converted easily into volumes by use of the relation: = ^s in which M V = volume of storage required 3 M = mean annual flow, in acre-feet; and R3 = storage ratio (from table) For example, the table for the Bush River Sub-'basin gives a storage ratio of 0,826 for a gross yield of 0,9M on Bynum Run at Bel Air, Maryland, M = 10.8 cfs (from column 3) 3 -1 = 10.8 ft, X sec. = IO08 ft. X sec X 1.98 acre-feet x_day~ 3^5 days ft.-S X sec~l year M = 10.8 x 1.98 X 365 acre-feet/year Vg = RgH = 0.826 X 10.8 X 1.98 X 365 acre-feet/year = 6,1450 acre-feet/year This means that a reservoir holding 6,ii50 acre-feet of water on Bynum Run above the stream gage at Bel Air, Maryland, will provide a gross yield of 9.7 cfs (equal to 10,8 cfs times 0.9) for 19 out of every 20 years, on the average. Except for seepage evaporation losses and di- versions the 9.7 cfs would be sustained at the gage. CQ Hg T3 M iH 11 > K S CO -H H u w Qi o S cd > ch S -^ ^^ H 1 (D m Eh ^ -P +3 DD d G fl w cn M (D •-^ "^ u j > a •H . w 6 w ;i Cm O O -H M cd -P o 0 H !^ H o nJ Cm O ^ O tn iH (D 6-1 cfl 0) cfl •H (P d • o c o^ to £> vC M o -P 03 M fl U o3 03 m 7i ^ -P l:^ +3 O m 03 03 -p a t3 S 00 o o c o . -H Cm -p Cm Cm 03 03 O -H o u O o3 > tn Cm H O S Ki cd 7i ■ 03 g :s S § c tXl o tX) o to o ■* T3 H ft Co a P! ca CQ 0 ca H CQ OS O a M •H O C •H o f!^ •H •13 -P fi 03 in U O O PhCm Cd > a 0 o •M CQ •p 0 03 ^ -p r! CQ H o 0 a > 'H o -Q TJ 03 r-l 0 G •H O !>5 •M CQ w ^H CQ 0 o > u •H a Q * ca s T3 M H CO (D < •H pq rH t3 W SI! CQ O CtJ--v m ■=:^ rH CQ o S >» ^ u 1— 1 u ca O < c6 O K S M CO Q ;3 ->o o *» c cv •H W •H ^ p::^ -.0 II O flj > ffi ^ H CO 1 Oj ^ -a > o s ;:s u ch Pi m H Sh CD •H ■=i: 0) ;h 3 m ■ri fH O* :s =3 0) P=5 o o p:; Ph CD 03 H ;3--^ GO eu C! cd < u o -p en cd f3 to in O O -H (D u -P o •H b UOCh -P CO O CD r-H EH cd CD cd •H CD cd -p cd Q) -P cd cd S CO -P m o o Ch '4H CD O O O cd cd •H cd Cd CD u u a cd rH f^ H o ^-—s O - O rH o p— ' • • • O H O o O 0-— e e f> o o o -d- o o rr> ^ — ^ o r\i rH • v£> o o O O N—- -• • o « o o O m rH to to >■. in ^ o o cd rH H ■n a o •H -p sD O H cd Q CI 0^ c^ •H m • • Jh o O O Cd > M ch o xO , — ^ OA -4- o • c^ • • • :3 s...^ O CNl H S vO I> rH ch CD c^ Q) o o to rH _CV • • n •H OJ cv 0^ e in m cd ^ • « ■X} irf S S C ^ O •* • *v •H -P s a -P f^ 0 Cd P Pi +j o •V CO X o u w CD t:! (D c 7i g -P •H rH >s CO bj pq H CD cd iH C5 -v^ cJ -P Cd r-i -p 1 to Cd cd 3 H fl fl rH pi £ Cd G « s f^ 3 CD Pi P! fH 0) ^ •p H CO O o cd H rH 0 H bJD'H cd S ft CD >j CD rQ CO T3 CD Cd pi cd CO o CD CO 5 tfl o O rH H C|-l O O •H H -P cd -P !h cd O o, a cd o > -H CD CO CD n rH O •H -P Cd H ri (1) •H CD CD •H ■P CO ^ CQ OO CD O -H fH Ih H C CT! CO l=> * cd rQ i 05 CO !3 13 M H CO (D ■=i! :'-' P3 >H a Ti to cn a to ^ rt o a tI ^ M s o •a; u te X ni CO ^ X ^< 1 H o ■s rO ch s CO W to EH Oh ■p 00 fn Ph <5i 9^ g > e •H 0) *\ P::^ u >H ■a; O pa o c to (D m a. K •^ OJ -• o cti > u CD O CD O CD ■s r-H 0) ^ ■^. S to ^ 15 ^ o |+^ O to r-\ O -H e E^ to ?3 ^1 CD r-\ E-< ni s > J3 P o .3 g Cm -al G ^ T) •H & O ^ ^ H S -P ^ CO C C ni cn CO CO H (D -P ni ni 8 ?3 Sh P H-> O CO ni P C S CO o o G O • •H «H p fH ch Clj CD o ■H O !h O ^ "* nj to l+H H o ni ;=; •\ C S C o ni H Cm to • cH •H rt •H ni 0) s Jh ^1 O ni 02 Cm ch ch ch ^ a> '* '^ O ^ H rH Oi r-{ o lO rH o CD C^ to OD o LO o o o o o to o CJi rM c- LO o o o C\2 o LO to to to LO '^ 0^ to CJi e\2 CD CD w CD O H O CO C\2 H LO o t^~ o C\2 CV Oi ^ CV2 o O O O o o l>- rl5 to to CD CD w CTJ OD W CJi CD H C\i C\2 CO CO -* CO to C\2 C^ ^ to C\i o rO LO cn LO LO 00 • • • • to LO to CD to Ci CD o LO H t>- rH CD C\i CD O ^ <;f • » * • • to CD LO r-1 CD LO CD H CD H rH t3 ^ ^ ^" ^ 0 0) 0) . ffi •^ a > >o > g > o o •H •H . •H S •H rH •H fy p:; Ti Ccl. Pi H P> S •^ •H ni Sh OO o o o O > P ni o • o -> t) rH o to CO Q> to S to g CO H tOTJ CD a ' a, S Oh g Ph-H a< • .y M S rf ni o ni > c? "•d %. C si s -p •\ P P> P to pi s CO •H o ni P" ni to ni -P rt &£ Oh CO Ph U Ph -JJ Ph •% ^ ni * — ^ f^ CD O a O H 5h Q) ^ pi j:J P Jl -H ^ o Q) pq +> O ^ o to O U o P> C lU CO a ?M G -H G !h c i>5 g i-i -H ni ni nJ Q ni ci ni U ^ ^ fH 6 pq CD m m m 0 0^ j^ o P O _ ?^ -Jh" m ni X2 to ^ ^ ni - Xi cti s^ >»» (D C^ CD P> P -P CD' P C) p p> 0 fH ni :s ^1 rt ^ f^ u c ni c P fn o o o •H CO O s s s CO PL, 3 cr> 0) O a -H ctJ >5 rH CD -P ctf M C CO ^ cB rt 3 ^ +^ >- C3 -P O CO TD rt -P c fe OQ O O c O • •H ch -P tH Cm cti 0) o •H O ^ O ctJ > >* § ^ ml tH .M • > -> > TJ 0 X) •H ^ •H H CD a ^ 8 Cri CD •H C^ . O 4^ O %-t CD O CO o o H -H CO 73 CO H H C & O an •H J^ cti O ^ P-i += :s -p K cti cti s Ph (U CO <+^ o t>t iH PU Ph ?3 to H cd ft •H O ■A c 3 s u o ch C O •H +> cti -P CO 0 > O • • ^ ^ ^-^ Cti 0 -H ■ •H fL, CO u X! CD c 0 02 Ch CO r^ H Ch += O t3 O -P r-i CD •H -P 0 ^ CD CO G U) ::i o o cti •r-3 +i Pu •rJ ^.g O cti CD N_>' o CO ^ -p T5 cti C ■ri !h 0 g O fM pi B o O H 0 ■hh CO ?H 0 ch CD M 0 w «»-■ U CO O cti 0 o ^ ti:- r-\ CO O cti U £.0 |g 0 Cti •H 0 O 3^ T3 CO •H. >^ +^ g s cti o Jh H 0 tiD O 6 ^ P, C Cti cti o cti ^ l> O CD TJ 0 CO 0 TJ -H CO CO :n: xi CD cti H Xi rQ o si p3 a o r-i is •H -H O O £ C rH -P 13 •H Cm O S 7^ O 0 CD g Xi -P .. -^^ ?3 CO ii CO S Xi -H CD CO ?-^ S +^ CO fi O -P o o cti O CO f^ i^ 0 0 0 +3 CD o s ec; := o P-4 nJ rQ o 0 !> '^ b C ,a o cti -H -p e CO cti -p 0 ^^ M o -p ft CO e ■H 0 — ' (-* r-^ _, -P S^ o ch -h o to in tH 0 Cm i> O -H C XJ pi fH 0 H -^ iti P fH Cr 0 0 -P ^ cH _ c -^ >H 0 pJ ^ O -P & !>= IS ^ o rH U IH Cti 0 H >5 cti a • >» f^ ^'^ iH d LO 0 cti CJ3 > rH 0 S cti O "S g -P H U rM 0 o ■H ^ •H Cm -P ^1 Ph 0 ^H rCl O Is o +3 cn H o • ch a o l+H Xi =M o ^^ o pi CO O 73 c O H o 0 •H i>j.H +3 -P >, ' •H •H cti ^ p; CO 0 pS CO Fm O O cti o H M 0 r-< 4:: M O -P cti cti t:! Pi •-•H 0 0 CO cti CO -P pi Pi cti nj jc; Xi rO 0 EH CO M 0 +> . Si C >= C -P 0 -POO e •H -H Pi 0 0 -P CO ^H cti cti •ri ft-P S • pi cti CO 0 Ti a' 0 U 0 0 tlCCH ■P ?H 0 C ^ bD-H U 0 cti tiD 0 pi &o P( tti -P M cti 0 bD cti 0 ^ -P la ^ o CO 0 -p ^ IH to CO < +> 0 02 I 0 CQ o o CO cd §■ +3 •H Q) bOCH cS U H O cfl -P o w H B (^ u Q) iH H n: P fi C Til rH CD •H O O^ to I> xO H 0) -p nJ M a t^ a tc m 3 i^ -P > -P o w cd ai -p C ^3 S3 oa o o C c « •H ch •p Ch ch rt OJ O -n O J- O rc > cc Ch C H j^ cd . S p( ? Q) a c s a r- CO Cm o O^ M m tr KJ c fl •\ r— H cd •I- cd 0) E ■=1 cd c\i -P c/: t: o: a a; f- -p c^ ITv r- O ITN -^ o o rH O o o o • o o to H c^ rH I> H in •vO O o o o !> -t cv C\i rH iH rH \D .- — -. C\2 rH -4 • « O o o sO ■n A •V CO •H rH O a cd -P^ G cd • ^ 0 fn C •> cd cd ■r) (U Sh rH G m 0 •H ^H (D Ch CD li0 fH > rd CD •H •H +3 rt cc; td 0 4:: a ^ -p 0 0 5h 0 0 cd S P3 CQ H rH Q) :3 s 0 u ch >:, rH O, o, 0 CQ fH H CQ a a 13 0 0 ■H fn -P 0 Cd u s 0 0 Ph fH Cd ch > (D 0) M w cd CD 3 t:) (D pi CO H 0 CD fl Tl •H :3 • rH ••ci rCi 0 H CD fl CD +3 -H ■H Cd l>i rH CQ CQ 00 Jh m CD 0 0 fn 0 u H rt cd X! i CQ s T3 M r-i tn H H n:) CO O ^'~' CQ ■=i5 cii w O S rH f^ fH M >! n! a < f-, (D « nJ >H m Q S p o o •> "^CV •H H d ,, u ft; -H II a O CQ > K 05 H en rCl Ctf ^ 1 > o S ^ !h (D S •HO CD •^ec; c u M CD •H s tH H S fn O M -p Cfl tn ps c cd o o o^ to J> c^ o sD H CD -p cd M rH ^ cd cd oa Jh ■p >; -P o CQ Cd cd -p C ■ri S '-0 o o o • •H ch -P <+H Cm cd CD o •H o f-( o Cd > - •H 0 -P tX) o o O O en O • o CO o en iH CQ rH •H O -p cd o 0 o rH •H cd -P +' cd en o o en ON o en rH rH o 0 H H ■H > CQ o -p f-l Cd 0 0 •H ■8 to vO O • iH to en en iH ^'^ H o o en o vO rH O O to u o Cm rH •H p! C5 -P cd !^ 0 > •H f« -P PI 0 -P ~4 O • rH rv o to o cv o in iH rH rH 0 CuD Cd !> cd CO -P cd U o > •H « P> P! 0 Ph 0 tH +^ •H ^0 to cn o o o e^ o i> H H H cd ft pi CQ CO 0 1-3 U Cd 0 rt CQ u o tH iH O a- iH to o C\! o ON o e^ cv O o J- cd 0 a o P! Cd U CP P3 0 -P ra 0 U H [in cr- en cv rH 4' Cm CJ) ?H P! -H H Cd O Cj ^ O fiH rHcn -.•< cd X) y -^ APPENDIX E SURFACE WATER PERMITS See Description of Appendices (Appendix E) in the General Reference Section for a narrative discussion of this material. X P-. ■=15 S H H 0 •rH • -P 13 n5 hi ■H S ,^— N. Sh • xO ft-P 0 q ft 0 •^4 E c •H CQ nJ CQ I pi CO ^§1 ft fH ;:s -p O -ci- ■n 3 sh ■Z3 p c P CO •H cd p o H CO Ch H M CO o c^ H -p ^^^ G C\i d 0 0 Q) t3 O X p erf -P o •H O u (D PL, 0 0 to 0 !> in Cvi H 0 • • • rH 0 to -4- 0 ^^ M (D 0) > > A! •H •H (D rt p 0 0 fl 0 ,^— V B © •M ^ d H rt 0 t3 ft (D ■r! (D a ri (D CD s a to o ix; o •H ■¥> cd f^ O ft U o o p •H O O O P -P rH rH Cd Cd cq m o •H u ^ -p ;:i © rH ,H O r=q !H S -p Cd 3 to o cd O CJ3 © © u o Oh O © fl H o 3 p> ^ cd o +3 en o o © ft U O O o o t50 O O o o u u fH © © © > > > •H •H tH (ii « P4 © 0 0 P" © 0 0 a m m W © 0 ft ft ^ cd Cd d +3 pi 42 Cd cd Cd cd IS Ph Ph Oh +3 fl © <4H 0 m p rH P © >5 ,-H cd !^ Jh q cd Ph © © cd 3 fn > J_i p cr; © -H 0 ;:d ta rH p:; rQ ft © 'd d -H © fi ■D c^ fn © 0 •H ^ Eh Q i-^ g^ H E> rH r-f CV rH r^ -4-H ■ 0 ON ir\ sO w c<^ 0 -<}• c^ en Oi to © u M 0 0 U p t3 ?3 U H :3 Cd cd 0 0 P3 K 6 o o fH o cd to o o u © to cd ff; © p p CO m ft >s cd -3 ■-iH © H^ P rH rH Cd Cd o o o c3 cd cd ;xi P rH cd P3 o © o Pi cd u to C5 I — I rH • Cd Pi 0 '^ ft fH S o •R ch to fi cd p cd o en in rH Cd +:> O T3 rH ch O © P cd p rO © o o CO © © td T3 cd to © •rl W o rH o © a o p> © e p= cd ft © © •H rH ft ft to vD t3 C cd H CQ o o s •H o •H s SH O Ch M S CO cd bi) 13 a cd •H Sh to Ti to ^ © p O -H "^ § T3 S C -H Cd X c-J •H rH • o o o rH O Jh Cm ft © to ^ q ta ;3 t::* o q u p © cd P !H © o .a t3 © > •H Cd :3 to cd p> •H s © ft © •H u x: ft o bH o o ^ "^ rH O ■H ^ Hf © Cd S CQ P S P •H -ri B bD !-i S © ft(>Z !> CO O •H • o O TJ •H a in cd •H > rH •H cn > bO O fi S -H p tJ cd bD fH e © to © O bQ rH • o O -H X! P fl O cd © © pi © © o e p ft o O O H © ,id > UO © > •H cd > P> •H © ft a ••> ca ra rH © >a ' -H •V O (D -rj o Cd •H -H -P rH H ft IS ft o u a -P cd en © © cd o o p o • O Ph xi w bD © q H O fn !h cd rH P O S O >5 1h cd cd S © © o « u Cm to - t3 >i bO cd fttO S q O H o • o © o ch cd o Sh C5 © bO Cd © !> cd cd Td S © Q ■r! q bD to © q P:^ rQ O Tj O © X +3 © •H rH S cd ^ P> © o fttH td APPEisIDIX F GROUND WATER PERI-ilTS See Description of Appendices (Appendix F) in the General Reference Section for a narrative discussion of this material. o en EH PL, o M M p:i Ph O Ph Ph p:3 O (J Eh PQ :n •=!! EH s M l-H I— I O p:; ffi O 3 ffi 02 Pi w EH O Si Ph '^ IX pa o ^ o w P-, "^ o iH 01 , — ^ H rs • crt Cl 1-i ^ !h a -P T-i ei o • ; O o u u rH Q) crt ^ •H p m H -p rn pl fi ■r) <) C •H M -P n1 ^ C) u ■H Ki CfH ^ •H s M ffl tn -p cd 10 H o cv ta u m 0) (i) Tl u rH T1 O t3 m <^ +3 Tl •H a g nJ CD (l> Ph cvi ^ > -p a o o rH O I • I o o O o 3 o o rH (^ O O o o 3 o o 9 o o H rH O O o s s r-1 O c^ H H r<^ O O I> J> H to (TN H ( — i c\l '^ xO i> rH (D O (D O (D H •H nl Eh o Jh G fn > ^ >,M © >j © r-{ Cj Eh cO tI © :3 -v IS > -P ^ OJ n j:3 H O El3 ;: •rl liO-H S -H © r-l -H Oj © * -^ c o i^j; r^ >s &. biOrH rH Cti rH m Cd rH rH ,y fl H - in © © O > ^ o q © ^ O © j;:: © fl Jh © rO O p:; pi .-■q © p:; !h ^ i3 Eh m -p a :=i o o ch rH O u Ah -p © in fH ^ 3 !h O Jh © cci o c/:i o H © .-v -p :3 © o Oh © E-H O o o Ph © © & : 01 o © o o o -p o f3 O !> O o o •H -P O u +J © a cd o © o o o s © o © Pi fn © CO © ■H fH -H o :3 P.H rH o o • o o o H fH M p:^ to fH O IS !h © fn to O +3 :3 Xi © bS. CO -H C © •H ^ n fH ^ cd g H S O o o o •H +3 •H t3 © sD O H CO © fH -P u cd 1 cd o rH o © o ch o +3 © 43 cd © Oh-P © cd Q S © -p tS ^ +3 cd -p cd rJ CO >5 Cd U XI cd © © Si -p © si m •M <*-i ch O >i fH O o © !h •H Q •H © to •H O H O H f-i © i -P © © to •H © 13 o cd +3 o cd Q o 14 to CO © -p © o !>5 ^ O rj rH O Q^ fH fH CH O o fH b © S ^ Tj a o S Ph M S t3 PL, o M M Ph I t3 o H tn , s H rs • cri wl nri ?s ^1 • -^ Tl U o Xi • < -P fcq •H 3 0) o rH O g fw H fl) crt ^ •H -H 'f^ rn C •n C) H •H M -p * T) o s^ •H K1 Ch Tl •H fl CP. crt m -p cti rn rH o cv -p m rt u CO PJ (i) (U CJ Ti fH r-) H Tl O t:) H m cd -P Ti C •H pi g CD u ^ o O C\i o r-i o o O O -4- C\i o o O O O o o o m u^ H C\l o O o o ON H 3 I -P O, m ta •H S fe; S S I I H H cv (A/ ■vO i-H sf) O «) H to m 3 1 — 1 H ^^ "S" < — 1 ON o V ^ vD O tx^ lJ-^ i> tX) !> ir\ O •H > U CD C/D CD O O H +■> •H -p a CO 3 o •H -P O ^ o pi 0 -P u !>3 !h trt CD 0 +:> 4-J '^• t- CO CO CD CD r-J |C! rH m CC O y; -H > r-) ^-^ •H >j C rH > -p UO CD C) •H m ■H tl H -p > G f^ •H rH c ca p5 fH CD CD fl o g Dh^c! T~i 1:2 u g CO fn (_J o c:) O O u C3 O CO o o o CO >? ^ Cti -H D., IJ nJ in tH Tm O K Eh O H -P H m iH O CD H > fn 3 cS (D -P erf CO P-J CD H^ CD -H O Q -^ •r-j rH O o o • 1-3 c3 , c; •H en > > to o fl a ■? (> o o fH o H a •H (D H^ CD n -H rH C (D U ■^ i:? w m S3 a O (D -P H r-H O 'rH >^ o cS CD cti O (D 4J (D fH O o cd Ph ;h (D H •H cd fH Eh M cd N cd H •ri p., O CD X! 1> r/3 ,J3 O o CD !>»-rl -P "^ cd o •H fn CD 0 r-t H ;3 rO CD CD G rH Ph 0 O I — ! •H pq P>rH o •1 cd C.H O 0 O ■HP4 +3 • to fl 0 fi, •H 3 tH .q rH H O O O r-A 0 HJ O 3:1 O += Ti i:i^< 0 cd > 0 rH C 0 >iP3 cd 1-1 pi o cd f^ tU cd cd Ph • u "^3 0 a fl sj •HOP 0 s a CO Eh I— I O M I— I Oh o PL. P-. -a? ■=i! B o tH ni'— H 5 ■ Cd Cti TD S U ' ^ * 4^ ■^ b! m O Xi ' •^^ • <^ 4^ e ■H • 13 o •H % •H U a, o u 'O ■^ 0) CD > o H O rH 03 Cti ^ -p Es; w Ti o M -p 3 ivh C W 03 m -p cd Uy rH a cv -p m C fH to ;3 CD •H ^ Jh S CD cd CD t> S -C! O o o • <^ CD H CO CQ CD CD d O r-i H to I H 0^ - sD 0 to c«^ 15 CQ 0 •\ *v ri •\ -p • • 0 • cd 0 ri, 0 0 •H c ^ U to 0 0 M 0 , •H •H ■4 B\ ■H •H T} fH C3 -P • CQ Cd ** cd Cd CQ ,0 0 pi 0 ^ ,^ 0 -p 0 Pi -H rH cd Cd r-i 0 0 ►2 '^ W cd 13 © 0 fl •p Ph 3 U « 0 H pi rH 0 Cd cv •H 0 0 T) -P S 0 cd -P t> CO 0 a, n-i CQ JO f4 S ■H +5 Cd 0 ■X) cd Cd © oi cd 0 -0 ■Vi 05 S f^ f>j 0 «\ rH c-i •-^ cd x: g !H is C += • •s rH 0 c G 0 Dh 0 0 Ti r-^ n^ T-i ^-2 rH •H •H (J r-i rH cd 0 Jh 0 f H P> fl (D 0 (D 0 rt Cd 0 >! P> +5 Cd •\ 0 n T3 0 rH CQ Cd fH 0 l-^ a « .Q Cd n a • f^ 0 cd CD U (D rH 3 tH rH 0 • 0 ;s CQ S © 0 0 ^ ■ri CQ >3 !> cd x; >, Cd 03 CD T3 a •H 0 a ^3 •H £3 s cd cd 0 0 0 "^ b F-) PQ cd ^ -P 0 0 0 +J M CQ i^H c « d cd 0 Cd x; Cd cd •H s w s S H g a. PL, o I— I I— I P-. o P-, •=1; O o iH ctf.^ r-i Is * ri kJ t:! 0 U • -p T3 bi C) r^ * •=t; ■i^ s •H-— p3 a o •H ti cti -p •H -p U -H £^ S o u U 0) ei.p-. H cS •H S-i -P CO ;::! M '^ -p CO J4 CD -P •H g P-< -4 o (D CV O 'O K -a; 03 -P S o o H 0) t3 H I I I I O ir\ o o-i c^i rv MOO • <« • 000 O O pis O O rH ::|9 rH O « • O o s s s en o ^ t=) Ph CD a o (D O CI CD fl3 •H C! O ^ -p O •H •H • rH o o o >a-p CD a, a cd -H o ,Q o P4 CO t:! erf o >i CD »> to CD in to X! 000 a cc\ d CD w CD j:3 bOXJ -p •H ffl O o 1-3 Cfl P-, o ^5 Td CQ •H •» CD CQ CO Jh >i (D O cd fH x: pa o (Q ,a -p tn rt ■H fl 5 o '3 -ri Ph O .j3 "n -p TJ -P o C ri rO cvi o 0:1 CO 0 vO u> fv H sO CJ 0 0 to M G '--CV •H rH mD tD rH en c^ en --'■CO ri 0 0 ir\ 0 I> ra 0 a fl 0 M •\ 0 •V 0 ^H CO c o» CD CD M ^^^ -P 0 u CO •iH »* >5 > P-, Ph cy fH 0 •\ ^H •s (D -P CO m CD og u 0:1 CO U CD G Q) CD ^-^ U x: -P CO ■s^ ■P •H 0 to 0 0 q Cd l\i 0 •H CD CO fH I^ •"T' ^ ^ I- to 0 f-i &^ ^ • >>xi !H • ^ •(- t-1 CO rO H W c CO a rH > V -P CD !H •- 0 CD CO -P s G •H t^ -P S' G CQ •H 0 u cd CO ■;i U > 0 >»Cm r-l CD 0 > p^ cd CD CD CO Cti Ti Cd X3 0 rH Cd M XI CO >s •3 0 0 0 >^ in ri cd 0 ce: CO EH •aj |3 "^ O H CD XI § o CO •t3 CD to •H P» O CO Eh M s Ph O I— I M Ph O Ph Ph < p:J o p:; o -p o o ■H Td -P 0) cti -P ■H -p fH -H o fi Jh (D ftPn •a! rH d „^ . S « cti TJ Jh • T3 til X! O •P f^ •H "— ' *^ I I I I ^ 0) CD > g Cm O 5-1 iH (D •rH <=! u^ -p m :^ s Tj o M -p •ri o Sh -h Tj -h n m cd m -p cd cQ H o cv Jh 5-1 •p Ti •H 'ri O •=i; (D U "c O cd 0 -P g H 3 Cd a cq H to i>o lr\ tX) IJA cv c^r«•^ cv r^ O O o o o « c • o • o o o o o O O r\2 cv ITv cv cv o o o o o r- o o o O tX) o t-0 ^£) cv C^ CV o „— V O .^^ i> -j- £5 c^ ^ P ^5 o r-i -4- £> CV c<\ to o o cv 4' TX) cv ON o TO r^ cv c\< to o to cv CO o^ O r-l to i,-\ ft o ^ a o M o »v •\ »» •^ o • k^ « ■ >3 -H o o o O fH Tj o o •\ o o -P O CD -P cd u m Jh ^ o rH CO CD «\ cd Ph o (h • fl Cd -p Q) o u o -p CD 'Ci O M O t3 o fn o O -P -G cd -P >5H >»0 •H Cd •\ :i -P o ,Q CD o rH r-\ o x; n x; c c: (D • ^ iH z w Cd r-l S 5h -H O 0) -H P3 -H fH O 0 fH •H O s xi -p 4^ jj) ® CD cd C ^ S fn M ^ O •H -a -H -P en M cd H a •H Q :3 CD •r\ O CO •«;:::; S •rH x: f1 CO •H a cd CD ch o a o -p g ct! H^ cd •H H H C CO ta r3 rH <:& sn •H PI fl U U X •H rH -p 4i! fH 03 rH in •H •H o Sh ns iH Ph ^ fS cd C O CD cd >i • O • -P Cd ft • Q Q) m o o m CD fe U CO rH w CJ P'-i o s ^ Cd O fn u Xi cd 413 O o P3 t-3 05 m H .^ O O o o o o CO o •»-p • o o o O fH +^ O CO o cd -p •n to H C\i p^ ft • ^13 CD O Xi ::i +3 o P! > O '^ rH ^^ • G M CD O O ■H rH P3 -P S CD cd o •H fn 4-3 -O CD CO CD O > O •H e O CD O cd O In CD ,o E3 CD 4^ ft o CO CD CO •H > 0 I I en o M M PL. O o H -P O ■qI U -P O •H -P cd •H o fi DhUh Oh (D -P -P •H -4 .Q o CD -CI H 0) nJ ^ fn P -P S pi G ■t3 O C -H M -P -p ni en H o cv o to 1 ir\ I I • I H to ir\ -4- OA o o l> O ■^ o C<1 vO m to O O o o iH o H rH OA O (M O S (T-- -t vD S O to CO to CM C\} u^ H to ON o C\2 H 'X3 O TZi 0) :x; <3j - -p -ci CD 0) ffl Pa U O O AJ CD -P CD m u cd o CD a, U o o H nS o •H o =3 M o -p iH cd ctJ UD ^< rH CD O t3 O (D ^» CD P! •H O •H O M •H 0 (D CD CD O 1-1 •H pq H O • CD o p: CD fn > erf -=15 •H cS > r^ •ri w O iPvvO vO H 9 n-l «> O O O O O O ■^ o o o o o o o rH o 1-1 u o cu 0 en CD tQ •H > (D p:5 r- ^—^ OA ,-~, o in s CJN S to c\: ^ — * s I vO I CV' -<}■ iTv 0~>-— - C\' fn c^ ^'^ O tn ir\ c- to O o--- o c: rv CV CV CV O 1- PL, C3 CD O o o cd o •H I .Si o Pi +3 03 CD CD to O o -p CD en c^\ •\ «\ 0 -^ M Hi . (D . -p "^vi • 0 ^ o Sh o tn ;p fl o 0 r; +3 o o !> o o u M en cj ?H "=J •g [^ o tJ O -H o ■f\ •^ >j'H a Ph p:: J.J ca si o o cd o r-{ a<+-^ - a u p^ ^:i o Cfl •H ,-! a o o •H « 0 cd O ' ^ -en G o m w s ^ en tJ 0 O pi « pc; tf en bD •\ cn ?-i e 0 o 0 rQ o in u O 0 0 e -ri H •R p Tly +3 rH ^H rH Xi P ctf o i^ pq en • • • l-T> ::tq ^ • '-^ EH CO Ph o M s o g o -p ■ri ti^u^ o ^ ■aj -P •H s o •H t:! -p c- o o O H O O H 9 O « cv o o o o 9 o o 9 o o r-i ir\ to o Oi cv o o o o o O O O O O O !> O tt • 9 W • • O O rr-v H c^ H O o H m ■p (D to © •H > m CD >. o P ch o (D J3 r^ --^ o si o O o o to I I ;h H (D cti ^ •H in 1 -P S m ^ C Td o fl •H M -P OJ 13 o U ■H cti , cv H H to ^ to \0 ij^ ITN (^ O o -t •<^ o o !> !> M cd !> ^ ,. r\> \D i> >^ U ^ t3 rH iH rH 1-1 03 (JN c^ o^ cf^ cn a i> r^ m r^ c^ ta ;h w > CD 0 -P 'Xi U -r^ •-{i:! CD O Tj m <3j -P nd C r" •H C E --■ — CD CD r- CL, g K c3 PC s o H » o M o o PI b ^ yA cd o W\ *» •\ ii, o U tn • ^Q *\ •k 4J d U +3 o ^, +5 rQ • O CD CQ O o rH n Ji 13 o Jh CD !>i.y ♦. >>o 0 •\ >-sH H o ;i M rH cd f^ 0 ^ o M o ni ?^ ^ ■ri cd O 0 +3 -p -p cti S O pi •H H -■^ S -t^ 0 nd u 13 -H rH S •H 00 o x; r^ 5 cd !h -<}• f^ en ^ ^ ^ CO S cd jn^ CO 0 Cm 0 -r) ^ •H tJ 0 H-"" -P CV t=i O CiO o 0 3 ^ 0 M txOrH S r{ 0 O U m CQ -H rH > CD O o fH -H cd > ^ '-1 ffi •H fl H 0 CO -P Ph rJ CD =i m 0 •=t! O 0 0 o qj a:: >H •H •S* m ffi -H -H eq ?H CO PiL, r-H S:: CD p:^ H U <§ -H 0 ;ti H o U > Cd CO !h -H P ^ W O -i © o •H a oa • S S |2 CO nj Ch -M CO rH » n.§ S ^ fH 0 Jh 01 A-^ -J2 >=»-^ S O - J^ ^i CO 3 cj t3 cri < o S CO O rH o - r-\^ 10 0 0 X! fs h O '-d ?H HJ s © cd a .a rH -A ■-d ,ci hJ 1 — i cd fH ^y fl +3 © U 0 « rH 0 fl •^ 0 H •ci CO L, 0 rH 0 O -H •rl rH Cd ch • 0 pLi -H 3 • -p cj fH a, p -p 0 ft H •ri ra VI ri > O > -a Xi ft O lO Q cq CO PQ H^l ^ b^ m Ph Cd o ^ +-^ cn ^ S • 0 --a^ -P cd cd :i 0 cd 0 en EH ;=> ^ ^ m rn m m rt pq S m en Eh S o M M Pi P-, o Oh o Pi iH nJ ^^N H IS • cti a t3 r-; fH « -p 13 til o 41! ■ ■=:J +i 3 •H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! f^ r 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 > I 1 vO G o •H r^ -p (D'— a +3 • •H +3 qj ir\ ;^ -H • ^ V i> o u • _-^ o U Qi ^ o ftPn-— p- ■< ra (D > C H O fl Oh O u a !^I r-l (D 03 ^1 •H g t^ p -P IS^ CD ^ C TJ O C •H M P cd ■r! o U •H ri ch -r) •H CO o5 m 4^ OJ cn rH o cv w p Sh W C (D 0 3 Tj ^ O iH tJ O O lU -p -ri H O O -i- u^ o O CV to o o rv2 cv cv --t r\2 cv r-\ en m en O o o o r-l r-t O o o o o o o o o r- ,— ^ to cn cn a ir\ cv CNi p Pi to i^ ^'^ r^^ i> H H rH Pi CM> rH -<^ i> -4- O CV CV to S^ CV sD Lf\ en tn r<^ "-•^ !> ^r^ to r^ r^ w •H ^ iH to H ^ •H nj m 0) - -P ^ -H O X! O 3 in o w Jh Q) ft O H 0 > ca to u c (D O Tj 4^ o Pi ft ■TV Jh ^ 0 •s ;J 0 a rH u 0 — (D W ;> !>i fl cd fn 0 Eh P cn o ft M 0 •H o p3 <:^ 1-^ o a h-1 0 fl 4^ O P m o in O f^ fn Eh C3 cd x; o o 0 ccl p:; O -p 5 H P H W CO 0 ^ Xi O ft u o o >! o q I — i m 0 +3 0 o o o !>5 O G 0 tiO to ft in O O H 0 P CO 'T3 ca O 0 .3 0 p w ;^ c:i © X tj 0 -H C Eh ■ •H O 0 UO O m Jh C © XI cti p C)-) OT r> O CO 0 C +3 |34 Q 0 <^ S ■ O in fH 0 O O o p •H "^ -H cd -H O Q H S rH Jh •H 0 •H S H t3 rH -H O o c (e; m 0 ^ bOiH O n rH O -H -H S iH > ft Ih p^m 0 rH X! rH fl P ■S <" ^ K 0 1-1 rH O s s s a s to (D O •H !> U © CO !h 0 1^ o 1—1 w 0 x: p o '^ ?3 C H 0 ft nd O rH ft ca 0 O 0 ca CO s -p. +^ •H O ri O O p> o o H rH O 0 X! .IS 0 XI I ft 0 0 tQ •H !> m I to rH -P o •=1: o •H Ti rH crt , — N crt T-i Sh • T-i bi x: • -p M •H 1^ •H O in -. o H O M O fn O s !h H 03 cri r" •H U H -P s; t/l ;:! c T-i 0 c •H M -P nj T-5 0 ^ ■H T-i •H fi cn Crt K -p cti CO H o cv (D rH O P t3 •H fl M ca 0 u TJ o o • 0 0 CJ) 9 o o o o in o uA ir\ sD H vD ON 000 e fi • 000 S S s C^ cv O o H O U -P 3 CD O rH O iH •H CO > 0 Ai o 1-3 H tn 0 tn U CO ^ ft !h O O 0 P 0 J^ O o en p -p 0 0 p •rl -H in ^ ^c3^ o p p> ■H !^ 0 CO CO 0 3 m Q o t-5 u o o m ^^ '^ S CO x; -P tH t-: H A! o ca ft CO O tH in :^ -i^ P-t 0 TO O a, u o o w p o ;:i 'n o u PL, CO 5h 0 rH H •H 4^ (fl •H Q cH Crt a o •H ft H 0 CO P 0 ft 0 o •H P to •H O ^3 in O O c»^ Sh O 0 -P -H !>3 c-0 c5 ■^ 2 Si J3 c H >» • J3 > 0 P-, X ==3 T-l U H H © rH rC l^ P 0 s, 0 cO f> m c 0 -H 0 CO T3 ■C 0 •H CO CO 4n! P> crt CO •ri cj Ti Cm ^ r-l -^ ri • 0 M crt CD •H G ^ < '^ <=t! M Ci f- C 0 1 — i to AJ crt 0 C/0 Jh 0 •H p:; rH Jh 0 rH 0 0 ^'^ 0 CO ^•'^ <5 0 •H 0 cO ^ Jh c3 0 > m H-« !> « 0 m C H W CO p:: X! ■H 0 9 crt iH Eh p:^ p:^ CO CO P4 .a -p a. 0 CO 0) 01 > I I n. o M o Pi P-, H nj'— M 13 • nl Ri Td 3 fH • +J T3 b. o Xj • <: -P E •H-— 1-^ o ■H tJ -P (U. cti -p •H -p P. e o u OhPh- to C r-i P p: O CJ «^ to o H ~ tn p CD in s T5 (J ^ o ffi ^ f- 3 o •r-t 0) P s r— CO cr s tu s; s i> !> i> ;;? ^ -^ o o o^ -4- c^ a, u o o rH to o cv w H O to o o •H fH H •H pi CO •H o •H H ^ r^ C5 rH (1) ^ P. ^Scj fH 1 o ?1 Ph CTi ^ U fH bn ^x^ pl 0 o rH 0 > 0 0 03 > O P bO G •H p O O , o »* s a\ * M rH P^ n1 fH •\ ■P o AJ •\ •H o w u • Oh -p nj Cl, CO ^ T3 JS Ph X! u o o C to O o K -H ct! •H J3 cS o ^H H^ 0 O 0 M >i O ^ cij P:i |H t>J^ -P rcS iH 0 f^ pi o s ? cH 0 m 0 Td H ri P fn a) 13 0 'S o cd 0 O Ph w o o ra O ca 0 Ai 0 ^ aj 0 aj Dh rt &, cd fci j::! P> O O Ki 0 oj s « t p> Sh E5 m Dh ra nJ g O !h 0 -H • 0 cj 0 jH • o > fH M ^ tQ j:^ /I i-P cq t;^ H Oh O 0 o "^ • d • ^ a •-^ O ■=: o fH 3 t< (D .a I P> a, 0 CO 0 01 0 o H l-l I— i o a, pi -p o «5 rH m ,^-v rs • crt Tl !h • T-l b( j3 • -P f= •H p3 a CJ •H T! -P lU Kl -p « •H •p T1 !h ■H • Ph fi tt O fH • Sh CD F U-i Ph u. C^ E-i <>; IS 1 rH g k3 •H i=> f-i +^ pcj CQ o ps T3 C M ^3 -P M CO O Oi O 2; S s to s a rH H O O H O . O O tX3 ,^— ^ rNf •k!- to to 1X> '^ — ^ (A en en en en o 1>S (D > •H !h 4^ •s +3 ca ^ g •* Jh »v !h 3 « CD * ca o 0 CIh o Ah o 0 0 o U M iH XI 0 •H • ca OJ ■p • • -p tH o G 0 Jh CQ U w a O O j:: ca ca • G 0 ■rJ © CD >J ^ O O fJD Jh CD ua cu M e fH 13 Jh -P •f-l EH cq ^ CO fH ca rH 13 C j:: oS 73 Jh CD •\ ca u x; ^ '3 ^ o 2 O CD ^ t5 n cd •vH 4^ tH ca +^ G ptH © 0 K «aj O C '3 ^4 ^^ Jh fH 4^ U • O "h CO 0 H -P H ca Ph CD C! 6h CD CD •H >S •H 0 ca -P -Vl '^ "S U m -P rQ i;^ O M ca !^7. s IvJ XI cj' 4^ -P CD ta 0 •H C += CO Ah (D fH cc^ ca K s !>J4^ hJ ^ 4^ •rl 3 X! 0 > TH tXDX! PL, a rH CD •» e o o (D -H ^ "^ 03 ca a ,Q 0 u ta • CQ G ta a Cfl erf 3 CO H-> m tjD-p a Si xi fn 1-^ Ph ca ■rj H ca T3 0) 0 r-l rH G s; o o o • fH ca fH ca :^ ^ ca 0 M El •H 0 0 ■r3 f^ r^ rH m u 4^ Jh (iiH O bH H 0 Xi rH 0 1 13 S H 0 W CD ca >^H -H rH -H 0) Q cm Ph c p^ ^ 0 Q) 0 a ca trj H 13 G 0 |3 CO fH W •H P14 x: CD • q o XI H •H "^ 0 0 Cti X! o Q a 1-1 P:^ EH 0 cq M 0 m CJ CO CO EH Ph o M M Ph o Ph ■a; (3 o O rH P3 H -P TJ < -P O •H nd +3 (D cd -p •H -p fH -H ci. e O R U (D an-, ft r I I I -4 O O H CD U 3 -P s w TS O C -H M -p tj o cd w ■p cd U3 H o cv LA r\j o O O ITN cv O c^ ■vf rH H CV H -4- -d- o o o o O O O Pi lf\ !> o o O o o m O c> ■» HJ +3 s -P Cd Ph ^ • (D •H Q) • 1h ft •H O Q ft pi Jh O O fH a O O ca CO O O U2 -p CD en ^ o m 0 01 c U (D UD ^ CO r-f fn W > o • •H g Cd u ^ CD fn ® Q) -p •H o ■a; ft H •H IlD •H u Cd T3 Sh C -p >:; o rH rt CD cd •H +3 0 rH o O 'O O :3 a to 0 0) > -P Cd rH ;:! m •a: O *■— > ti •V :s Q) > CD r-{ fl >5 >j •H cd r^H N H 4^ • o M CD U Sh •H u -P -P -P ■^H c -p -P Td tf ***^ CO o ^ r^ Q a CD ^ p! rt a •O 0 0 cd rH •H C ^ c o ^ m C H ra [in p :3 S w S e cd o o CO a w :3 Q) c •rl T? ffi O o 0 ^ fH S S t;-f o ^( 0 p 3 o • >5 *• o M ■H Cd O -cJ O U o >5 ci o • U fH O (D 6^ •H o a: -i^ Ph fH r-1 -p Tj cd fn o CD ?H •H U is -P H •H o CO Ph R -a; r^ CD +:> M O 3 m •H -P ^i 5 H O 'd < T3 O 6 cd ■a: J^ 3) c3K (D w o Cj C c .■^ fH .H S a (D XJ £i-< u !h M -p ft G r; H • ft !s; UOrH H 03 •H o o 'd ,-! ;:! CO M O ^ o .H O o cd ft -H H ft Ci p:; ft •H 0 cd 0 0 >» O 1 m m O < K W •H U pTH o p^ rH cd W • 13 rcj ^ K pq cd ^ o f-3 1-3 rH © is; m CO o 1-3 & • 1 1-2 CO EH M a o M M Pi PL, O 0:5 Ph CD a! -P o ■=t; o •H -P cd •H fH a. o r-i nJ ^.i , :3 « cd TJ u • nzi tli Si • -P __e •H 3 -p • -P TJ •H • ?H • fL, •_- Cm O CD Jh H (D n5 rC •H S U R -P £3 m pi fl T3 O C! •H M -P rJ t3 O ^1 •H aj CtH tJ •H § -P d CO r-' o o I o UTv 1 1 \ (:<^. 1 1 1 o o o O O H H ■-^ O O o o O >^ o^ c\2 O O O O O O « O 0 • • o o o o o o O o 1^ o o O o O cv O -i) in O rH o o ^ q ON H o o © ?• o H w •H S S o H S ?? C\i CO CD 0 ■Td Eh H 'd O 73 - tn < o -p tj ■n •H d ■ e w o O Q) ^ P-, s O O O H r-l C-- H ,— ^ O^ tn CV -<.»-!> tlD rH O vO O TO ^^-^ O C'^ rH ^- CV i> & ,i^ o ?3 o FL, i^ ft a S • ^ • (D >a en o O o & t? o • 02 G rH ^ -9 ft •H o a o © M •H '■'' ^ O cd o ^ o t-:) cd (H rH O cd ^ H en « O » 02 », O 03 > t3 -P •r) • u ^ -H SO 0) • S +3 m o Ti Cd o >i O Xi -H « f>s o cfl ® o o ce; o rH -p H^ CQ ^5 t? o -P o H ,-H >^r-\ H Sh W rH •H o rH 0 O pi a cdrH -S "^ ^ tH Ih rH a jd !>5rH < Q) -ri rH +3 Eh CD rH •d fl rH 0) cd -H O s ^ -H ^a a •H n ■P 4^ -H rH CD >; p -p G O -p S > w ;h b Ph > ffl ■H Cd > o 4^ cn in .H O ^ o -p +3 q 5 £ rH T o p] O, m Jh > Cl o O pl (i^ K cd o o o O H td G o •H -St) Cu 0 'd M O O G r-'»4 o O Eh vy O S Eh •"^ '^• 1 o to (D t>D •g -p c:; Jh -r! •H O -P -P O ft rd -rl (D cd ■^ rH •H w tH cd G a cd Eh r-^ CO W s Eh H (U -p +3 o -p jd d 0 !-i Q) rH O H^ o c r-i cd rH X. OJ 0) • •rl Cd rH rH C^J w 1-;) W O .a m ^^^ 3 1-3 OiCO r-\ S OJ O 13 H eg ^ Eh KVi s 1^ &^ •rt (D o g s a, cd u t3 •H "^ O • .S i3 > 1-3 <^ < cq m p£l [in P^ :3 w s en o M M O t3 C5 H nJ ^— V rH :3 • cd ni ■TJ pi U • -p -d 5X0 o -d • ■=1; -p ^ 13 o •H 1^ •H in o u & •^ ^ « -p 'd •H • M W CD s Ph to 0) CD O s ^1 H CD tt! ^ •H U 1 -P I^ m ^ fl Ti 0 a ■H M -P cd TJ 0 ?H •ri OJ Ch 13 •H S CO -P a cn r-i 0 C\i tQ U to >> CD (I) -0 ■rJ ^ fl H rd ps 0 -r) 0 ffi -a^ 0 -P XJ ■n •H g ^d S > -^ s H o H o to o O O rH •H o CO CD U o ■P O O 13 O t3 o o o o cv en 0) CD r-{ cd c3 3 rH > rQ S H pi CO -H Cm H XJ > fj O r/1 E-i O O CD ft •H Ph CD ■P CD CD r-i f-l H O > O to CJ -p +J rH O Cti fl, •H ta 0 S^ !h CO !h CD CO i> CD •H 1-3 !r3 Eh O o i a o ! I o o rH J> C<^•vi■ o o +3 o o u Q) H ■H cd Eh M CD Cti m u CD T3 •H O o I I I I vO 0 vO 0 0 0 0 0 c^i en C\2 cv Cvi w cv o^o 0 0 0 rH 0 0 0 0 0 o t3 :i iH a ■p o o o en . to W 0 CD -p U Ti bfl O C P:i O O O O c\» u^O O s s s C^\ CN2 tH .-^to , — , -<^ H Tj - c^^ 9 ft ■r! 0 in a 0 0 Cti 0 CQ M rH 0 (D g >J cd QD -P 53 S C ■ cd ro 0 ■r c; •H 0 s pi 0 a 0 0 0 ^ M 0 Ch Ph a 0 CO CO 0 S CO •^ fH to t3 K OJ a to to 0 < H CD a ffl m 0 e CD J2 t5 bfl S cd 0 (D oO fH U <-i CD fc; Cti Cu g u iU Cd 0 U -^ Is 0 rH ^ rj i-i- f^ 53 rJ Pm p. id Cd CD -■rq rH i-t ;^ 0 G CO S h-1 -H c: •H s e3 pi 0 K M td ^ > > -p (D S S CD ■H >j U M CD H H ft 0 rH U +3 Cd cd CD ■S-^ 0 m (D cd iH t>= ® 3 P' r-i :3 ft S; ^rj to g CD ^ cd •H W 0 ft in i-i M >, b (D 13 l-l > pq Ch 1=) ft P:; 0 X! ® ^ -P ft 0) 00 rd © 01 •H > © p:? CD EH Ph o M HI « Ph O C« Ph Ph <^ Pi t3 C3 rH Ctl ^^-^ H r? • crt crt Ti P5 fH • -P ■rf tj C) ^ • ■aj •P e •H 13 a o •H >x3 P (U - CO ^J •H 4^ U -H ft e O U U (D PhPh- B' , O cd o ■p o ■H o fl Oj CD ro ,Q ch en o •H H c H +3 rH a CD •H V g xi ro rH CD ^3 >H ? O a o fH O -H to fn qj rH OH d i-i rH fnS fH ^ ro fH G O P3 Jh -3 ;:! G 0) O H o CO ^ Cd O .f3 H +3 ^ t3 <^ 43 -H 0:3 ro 3 •^, !>5rQ (D pi ^ >^o (D ro cH in rH +:> Ph W rH 0 K tn fl >\Hzj> Q en fH a u O O fH Cd 0 3 fH TJ ro s ^ :3 O OS rt += 0 CO as — • 0 • s 00 fn S .n c S 0 o , c O CO CO CD 4^ CO -=i! H fH !h fH . ^ - !h -H § bO'H fnt; rH ^ 0 rH P 3 ts JH S Ot3 LO Ph 1.0 0 Stb • UX •H O o d 03 c3 E- 0 ^ CO •-3 EH ro p2 tn en S 0 >5 s:! a M a • ft 0 B 0 fH 0 0 0 fH ^ 0 0 rM fH fl 0 fn Sh (M Cd c CO ro ,^4 fH CJ +J S cS § H Ph fH (D Ph Cd ^^ rH OJ +^ 3 -ii CD 'VS •H S Ph ro r! CD vj Q 0 rm 0 5: 0 A^ Q) CD 0 +3 fl CJ +3 © fH (D • ^ 0 M 0 0 4^ UQ CD 0 fH 0 0 fl -P CO s:; G fH 0 rH •H M fH CD -H 0 G CO rH CO X a > K i H^ M Ph (D cd 0 H S 1-3 h-^ P^ EH vO H o H f-i I I en (D ca •H > (D p:5 I in erf -P o O •H t:3 nJ -P •H -p ^ -H o u U 0) PhO-i B' rH 03 . > • aJ -a ^ ■ri w ^ • •P 3 •H 3 Tj •H •p n Sh cd to -p •H Oh CD > O H O O ;-( CD 02 ^H CD -p o u a ■n Td 3 H t3 o o -^ o C CD 0) cti tH o H -4- to rH •H O SU ::3 o Q) o H iH -p •H ::i > o ta o CD CO ^ M H ^ f^ n:! •H O o ca •H fl ::S (X P-, o o -p (D •H ,d nci Eh CD ^ CO CD H ^ •H ^J> e cd O !D o m O CD O CO -p Ch rQ o O -P ir\ q CD nJ U cfl « Oi CM CD Q •\ ta c3 3 rH • g >; CQ 3 in CD rH Cd O o a tj CD O si -c: m •H +3 CD cd Ci-i -P o ^ cd CD Q m +£ CD cd -p fl •H CD td CQ Xl in +3 © > g CD ■H S fl t3 l+H S til o CD +3 P. CD CO (D CQ •H > iH APPENDIX G IiIDUS TRIAL WATER USERS SUPPLIED BT PUBLIC WATER SYSTH4, CITY OF BALTn^ORE, FIARYIAMD See Description of Appendices (Appendix G) in the General Reference Section for a narrative discussion of this material. •» tJ 0) m HD 0 ■xJ ^ — -» U • sO G) CH *«■ — ^ -U • Ki e •-^ O O H O * • • • o o o o CNi rH CV O O O o o o c-i o o o tX3 H rH O O O Qh W 1 O CD 1 . ^ — ^ I cu o LPv rQ H •* • j § ^ S 1-5 sq S S O rvi i.-^ --t rxi S m r\i cvi 1:3 !> 4 C3^ nO -P m u J3 rH (D :3 • OS •H ,a ■^ o •H -P 1^ t:) -p ca (D •rH ;:3 R ^— >. *- -.^ N y- ^ CQ tJ -a o W W S^ .^ •H (B s •H .- s. V — ^ V ■'^ ^ H o•^^^ c^ H--' O C^ ON O H > M -P -^ i> CD C^ ct! ■"^ — ^ -4- O i> CO sD tx) in •v^ p:^ vO KJ ■ri O m CV OJ Oi C^CV CV CJ C\2 CV CV r\2 c^ 0^ ON cn; ?H •H rH O S a Ch &H Q nd •H • •\ S en ^ y— *^ s CQ CV ra &^ -■/i 5 Oj CQ io jL| g >H h:! rH -p Cti o^ 0 en '•.0 t>i H rn H rH U M K ^ cti O u H p:i O «s 4^ 53 ^ S •H o o ;=^ «S o 0) ^ (n (1^ f^ H sO X! 1 t3 H K 0^ Cti o E-i O O H s: > Q« ^ ^ M 1-^ 1 o s te CQ Eh "iS 1-5 iz) H-T QN -P ,.- . >s >. >> >-3 >^ t>5 >i >» >= >= >i T! f^ ■-=1 Ph ■< u•^ TJ c v^ -p -p -p -P -P -p -p -P -P !>5-P' -P d) erf w M CQ O :) H -p o CJ O O O O O O o o •H O o erf >» «3^ EH eq fin CO a O Tf ff '~^ CO O •H • • « « c • • a 6 • o erf t3 G 1-^ O o o o o o o o o O o o >^ a Q tH *■ — ^ -P -p -p -p ■p += •p -p +^ -p ■p -O Sh Si P S rH ^ r-i rH H H T-i r-i H H rH H O l+H ■=s M ^ IVi oj a ccj cti ^ cti nJ erf erf erf erf H-5 O 1-^ .'^ o a eq cq pq eq cq pq ffi cq K fq m rq O s O •H O Sh & ■=i! m -P . -P O IS] o o (D CO , Second Zon one o o 0) a o o o 0) O erf Eh C •H cri iH a c M C/O •ri &• o J- CQ » •H fn Cil Cti FH H O erf r-; •H -p += 0) o M ;3 o erf •H eq O H erf Jh tc 0 •H o CQ fl -p S •H •s O -1^ U o o I+H ^ o u § w o o e (D •H erf U erf -p •H o t: o ■H H cd ■ri S ^ E !h CD CD O Vi -p £ Cd rH fH H >? ^ -P X! ffi O a CQ C •H o !L, h- cj a d) ,0 CD a O o P> Xi O, erf H s m T3 rCl Ci- H e-i CQ j CO s Q) fH O q r-; H rH • • ■ • • • • t S 43 • < ^ <:; < :^ •H •a: ^ 1 — i ■=i; 1 — i ^ X M t3 s ^ t3 0) cn • t3 Ti ^— ^ • vO ^^ tL' CD • -p e 3 !> O O C\! v£) O O C\i O C\i ^ r^ O CV O O O O O O O o 00 o c^ - VO 0) o V_»( XI rH § '-^ S H fn H ffl cd ,o •H e U =3 -P s m ;3 c Ti o C -H ,-■ — s M -P -- S CV (^ LA ir> 9 -J3 O O --^•o^ CV ■<^cv rH Oi O rH tX! ON .-I H to H ON C\2 tH CV H 0»' W rH C^ O -t ON, CV c^ ON ON -40 ON rf> CNi Csi rH H rH OA u-\ c^ O C^ C\i O O CI O •< C\i to H ITNO rH i-n ON o GN Oi -> H CV rH iH H ONv£l C\i rH sD iH Lf% to ON Oi rH o-^ Oi CV Cv! C^ (^-^ Ci C^, O^ w O H •P CQ I m •H > >5 >> f-^ >. I>j !>;, >o >:, >= >5, t^ >;. t-, >^ >s t-, >-. >5 >5 I > ■p -p +2 -P -P -P -P -P ■P -P H^ ..o H^ -P -P HJ 4^ +^ H^ -p ^ — - •H -H •H -H -H -H -H -H •H -H -H •H •H -H -H •H •H •H •H o r. C !:: en en c G c c G G en f-t !^ s::", !:i r.O G p G -P " — ^ o o o o o o o o o GOO O O bD o •H CV Kl Kl C! f3 ISl tSl (SI tS] iSl tNl G iSl to (SI N G S] W G ISl C{ u u u in •H j:^ -P -P O CD -p +3 -p -p +D -p 0 -p +3-^+2 0 -P +^ G -p S m w +:> -p m tn ca CD Kl tn -p ca 02 ca ca +^ 02 02 0 02 ?3 f^ fH CQ W ^ fn ;^ Jh fH fH to u in Jh !h 02 U iH O U o •H -H 0 Cd -H -H -H -H •H -H 0 •H •H -H -H © •H •rl p^ •H o Ph P^ 13 H (ij Ph p]L| Pm P-H fx^ ;:r; [i^ li* f=H h ti, Pr,-iXl [iH !>^ M O o w • • G G +3 U . !>i T^ cd •H jG © 'I' ca S l>.o3 §■ >^ >,^ ^-^ G +> o fH ^H !>j=-y MO cd G C Oi -^ >j fi ■H o o o 7i a >> CD >5 cd 0) o, cd Cd G O Ch r-i CQ a -p cd to d OG •^O^i:^JDSC. afH » tiD cd o 0 O 0 0 • o >; rH OnrH cd 13 e p a j:lcd>5ecdOBSo ft G Ph Pi M O •H P, o ^1 oiftiHOtnOOO-p fH -H S K ta ;h G in u -p o o s s (DQCDOCD OOcd o hj o 0 fH G 0 0 •H o 02 0} •H O 3 O ^ o 3 Ph a -H cdOCDGOpCDrH'Ti O rH O Sh Cd •ri Si Pm Cd o • ^ P! ti -P O 0 O M a.+= Q o o TJ fciCrH -H fn fnCdOfHO-Hcd l>i R M-P ;:d •H O +3 rH s G G •=a: cd PQ -p m >5m O O Q M O p:i f4 01 G oa en >J -; S-i CQ +2 0 O U M O rH ^ cd -H G cq o cd 0 O a • — N C! -H fl cd SScdcd^iDcdtdcJ -p G G G G Cd G Ph !H HJ 1 • tH H cd 6 cd ^ •H '.d -H cd cd p. cd S O 00 H rH Q, O *-^' o CD o a, 0^0000000 G O Ct-I O o e O •H !-i O 0 © ^^ •H X! -H CQ •H O -H -H -H +3 -H -H -ri cd -H 0 -H •H o ■H 0 O -p o -rf T3 O 2 UU U < fH(iH ^^^^S^en ^HJH^HCOfnCi^lH fH o in G Xl 00 c G G O (D (U 0) CD CD 0 O CD CD 0 0 0 O 'Sh O •H g p p s •1 "I ^ m MMM 4 -^ 4 ■1^^ ^ •§ ^ M •\ t3 r\j -vO r\2 o o o o o o • • • • tk • o o o o o o CiH W O Q) CD y- — ^ Sh > LT 0) O ** — - nO cH S *^ :^fS o s s o s r-\ LTv C\i H s s s cvi E:; to ,g o cv o CO tii; in o - ^^ o■^ sO C<~\^~> CV tH O WA h> O O O 'r^ cv UA :=)!>-!> to -^ --^t 'Z3 <: to 13 O !> O O 0 r\i cv -4- c^ c^ 0^ ^-' CV C\! cv c\! o-^ — - r^ c^2 cv ^-^ r\2 c^ (■■^^— r\i c^ c\i cv ec; 1 _ . >J >!, >i >^ >5 >3 >> >. t>i I>i P>5 >!. >:» !>s >!!>.>. >= >> !>j >= >5 >:, 1 >-. -P +^ -P -P P> -P -P -P •P -P -P +:> ^J 43 4J qj 4J +J +D 4= 4^ 43 43 -P ^ — . ■H •H -H -H -H •H -H T-l •H -H -H -H -r-I •H •H -H -H ■H -H •H -H -H -H C" O O O O O O O O O O O O O 0 000 0 rj C3 0 0 0 O • s « • • • 4 • • • • • • • • » e c O o o o -o o o o o O O O O O 0 000 0 0 0000 -P -p -p -p -p -p -p +' +3 4^ -P -P +5 43 +D 4^ .p -P 43 4^ 4-'' += 4^ H H H rH H rH iH H iH iH r-) iH rH H H rH H rH H rH H r-H rH CU cd cd cd cd cd cd cd cd cd Cd cd cd cd cd cd Cd cd cd cd cij cd cd o m m qa CQ m fq m CQ pq m a m cq p:) pq pq CQ pq pq pq CQ CQ pq •H +3 © (D . en a r/1 fi G fl d n S3 s s en s a G :::; f:! ^ S cl G G G -P .^-^ O O O o o o o o o o 0 000 0 0 0000 •H CM c: N a ISl ISl M tsl tSJ tN] tS] IS] fl IS] ISl tS! tsl M IS! tSI LSI 1S3 to ISl C fn ^1 u J3 (D 4J 0) -p 4J -p -p -p +2 +3 +3 0 -P +2 -P +^ -i^ 4^ -P 43 43 4^ hJ g -P CQ -P CQ to w CQ m CO CQ CQ +3 CQ to CQ CQ W Vi CQ CQ CQ CQ CQ ^ 03 !-l CQ Sh Sh u u u !-i f^ t^ CQ !h fH fH !h fH fH U fn fn !h fH 6 03 •H Cd -H -H •H -H -H •H -H -H 0 -H •H •H -H -r-i •H -H •H -H -H -H o 5: pq a (in p4 piH f^ [J4 [h (ii [iH 13 Pn Ph t^^PiH pH |iH fiH r^ [i, [in li4 o >;, •H ^ • • • >> • w >= i>i >:, • U § fM o o o o c >» 0^ rt .^ § a • -p rH o o o cd S U • " •H CQ o K O 0-, ^--v O • O CI, 0 0 aTj p, 0 X! D, Q, o • o e o3 X (D ^ o M Chh ^ g Ot 0 0 fn r-H s 0 — ■ a 3 rt O ^^ rH o o o o a 0 •H c 0 0 s !h O >j w =3 m o o o b 43 CQ 0 0 e 43 0 0 N Cd O O U ' ca u ^ 0 C -P pq S TJ ;h CD •H -P ^ TJ &.°3 -p ;h a, CQ H 0 0 C H 0 a bo-p -p ^1 j::; o o fl ^ en CQ /-* 0 4^ 0 0 rH E ;::* 0 fi. 0 fH Cd G -H CQ o O cd -H ^ O CQ > IS •H a, W rH 0 Cd 0 nj -H •H 0 0 iH -H c3 »-< „ in ^H O O a S 6 Cd cd ;:i cd 4-5 0 UO 0 4^ .-C^ 4^ pq fn 0 r^ CD o?j tH pq (i4 o s s Ph Ph CI rn en •H Cd fn Cd CO m 0 0 CO pi O (D >a s H Ph -H >j 0 • irf -H fH M Q !h (D Q) C! CD S 0 0 a> ©000 0 cd > f^ ff s M E-f G P3 *«-™N in (D tn fn H ^ cd in Ph u CO ^ ?-< fH i^( ^ '^ Ti < 0 cd S 0 Ch H iH O ^ O O .i:3 O a O O o ,iil o o o o 0 0 r^ P-,j=l CQ CQ p:^ fH O *•— »' s C 4^ 4^ fH cd cd 0 ^ cd • cd oj cd Cd cd Cd cd cd cd cd cd cd cd 0 0 0 0 ^ ^ Ph S CQ c^ CQ m CQ m cq ra cq cq P3 CQ cq CQ p:i pq pq pq pq 0 cq pq •V tj Q) CQ • ts t3 .^^ a vD in W H -4- r<^ o • • • o o o tH W o o (D , — * Jh >. ir^ (D O ■%_-' ^ H @ "^ s ri s o c^c^ : vO vO m to cv c\i O^ r-i cn -J- cn O oj "^ o~' 02 tn H J1 rH 0 tti rD u 3 ■p S; m ;3 fl TJ 0 ,^— - C -H ^ M +3 cti •n 0 fH -H n3 <+H T3 -H C CQ nJ w -P cd CO iH 0 p=q iH M iH ^ Ci to ir\ cv - CO o en CN2 en rv ri KI ■r\J H ■iH rH H rH' M ■ rH- W 'vO rH O O « rH C- O cv m -J- 1 . CVtOOsDrH!>OC\200 o o o cv cv cv oi c\2 02 -P ca 4 0) m •H > o •rt •p o .3 ^1 -p Kl O >. -p ^— . rH CO 3 "».— ' 0 0 r\i >5 >3 !>s >s >a -p -p -p -p -p •H -H -H -H -H OOOOO OOOOO -P -P -P -P -P H rH rH rH rH c\j cij d nj cd pa CQ ta cQ pq o a o tsi -B o o cn o u -p Kl m !H 5: 1^4 o; 0) fl a o o ISl tS] 'H'H o o o o H O CQ O U o M Ph S O o w t£lrH G O !^!>>!>i!>s!>j>s>2>j!>s>j>-,t>j •H -H -H -H -H -H -H -H -H -rl -H -H 000000000000 0000000 +3 +3 +3 4J +3 +5 +D rH rH rH rH rH rH rH cc <3j nj ctfi td cd cd OOOOO -p -p 4J +3 -p rH rH rH rH rH cd cd cd cd cd cqpqcqpacQfn.rnmpqixipapq G o tS] "S o o 0) CO G in (D +3 cn cti 03 G o o G o IS] % o o G CO o 0) j • S • 0 t:! u 0 o, 0 !H • •H 0 Q "^ d h 2 r'^ cd fn 0 Jh cd >5 S Q e G MO 01 0 0 43 S >s D, cd G to -H e jh G tn fn fi rH 3 cd a a :. 0 0 tarn H CD 0 CD (D > -"Ci >3 cd 4J ?H (D 0 CD (H -. >J >5 >J -P -P +J +3 •H ■H -H -H 0 000 « • • • 0 000 +3 HJ) +3 +D H rH rH H cd Cd cd Cd m t:^ cn pq 0 cd r-* D 0 0 tsi G G (SI tSl •H fH HJ s CD +3 -P CD CD +3 tQ to !H 0 m tn Jh -H f^ CD -H -H P^ ; t) '^;i r-!4 (in >? « >;, 0 nJ G >j G p. cd G M a ft cd 0 S ft •- 0 0 g rH 0 0 H H , 0 o o o H O O O c^ o ^^ o o o o o o rH o o o o o o o o o o o o O O O H Cm m O (D CD U >. (D O Xi H s £> c^ -<{■ C^ J>- O -4- ir-. C- >i) v£) CV H H S S CV !> g -4- rH C\i -t ir> S O O O S S rH s Cti -^ T3 O ■^^ — ' U -H c3 ch t5 -H fl W 03 n 4^ nJ 00 rH o H rH rH M tH rH -t H rH rH UA vO l-n rV l-f^ cv -4" ^'^ -<^ to c J> CV en o-\ en cv C\2 'N t3 1=5 ir\ (v^ -o H rH rH O O to r.i c\i cv C^N rH ^ O^ ^ '■ O v£l ir\ 1^ O^ r\i -4' en O^ O o^ •^ij^O ^totooj enooo (Ai c\i cv e-\ cv cv c\' en r\i oi CM x£) ■p ea ^ T3 ea •H t> 03 o •H t o o 1-1 >1 -p c pi o o (-■-> rv ^< -p 03 pi ■r) c Ch O -^-^ >> >> >5 ^ >> !>^ >» >= >•= ^"-^ >: !>s >s !>. >i >l >a !>j 4^ 4^ 4^ +5 43 43 43 +3 43 +3 43 4^ 43 4J 4D +3 43 43 43 4^ •H -H •H •H •H •H •H •H •H •H •H .r-r •H •H -H -H •H •H -H -H O O o O o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 0 000 R • • V • 0 9 • ■ • t, • 0 • 0 « « • • * O O o O O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 0 000 ^ "^ 4^ •P 4^ 43 43 -P 43 4-3 43 -p 43 +3 43 +D +3 4J 4-3 40 H r-^ rH iH rH r-\ rH rH H H H H rH (H rH iH M rH rH H eS cti 03 d 03 o3 03 Oi 03 eij d d d d d d d d d d eci ffi m o IS] fq m eq PQ eq 03 P! 0 tS3 pq 0) d 0 pq pq 0 P! 0 to pq cq rq f-q pq CQ pq 0 0 to "3 ■^ ■TD trf P! n ■yt C a o 0 b • 0 0 o 0 d k.' 0 0 0) CD o 03 03 03 03 03 0) PH 03 E 0 0 000 © 000 C fl C o d fl i=! a 00 *^ -n a C CO a f:i a r^ PI p: CO o o o O 0 0 0 0 M 0 bD Q 000 0 0 0 tSl N] M to to tsi tS] 5:3 iH isi g CO Pi ■H to fH N to i:xi t-l to i::] a Pi 4^ +3 4J 03 +3 43 +3 43 03 -^ ^ 43 i::; 4J 0 +j jj> 40 4-3 43 -P 0 m m W 4^ CQ 0:1 m CO 43 W 03 efl 0 w 4j Cl W CO ca CQ CQ -P !-t Jh Jh M iH iH Ih Sh m ^ P M 0 U IH Pr i^ !h Pi Pi a: •H -H •H 03 •H •H •H •H ^ •'^ i:) •H U •H d •H -H -H •H •H -H 0 ta lin Pm H ii* • (in Cn tin (H ra pTH cq IH W fin Ih fiH Ph f^ li^ ;:•: >» ^_^ • O £^ >^ U &, ft 03 o to 0 .' — ^ a ' pi u e CQ >i u •H fe= a 03 X oJ 0 0 i>5 0 0 U ^ 0 >i • • fn rH fi M •H 43 ^ — ^ p, 0 S • c 0 0 0 d ^ d Oi 0 (D Oi CV3 43 •H B 03 0 d 43 a ,n d Pi Pi +^ 03 S-^ •\ •H pi • 0 Ml S; sq Oh CO pi d S !H a 0 M o3 CO g w Pl '3 pjp:i S 0 S =5 Ai *\ 0 pi Sh p< d eg 0 43 +3 bJD Sh CO 0 0 U 0 43 !>s 'IS 0 rCl bC &, CQ Pi C -7^ to •H 03 TJ -P o3 G s:l X 0 d pi S 0 Pi d 0 •H fn •H c3 f4 03 a !H H P^ 0 d 0 ?H 0 ii< fH 0 Pi ■H 0 ^ &, O t « fM •H 0 03 P3 JX, a, pq Ph 0 Q 0 •H E-i H rH •H rt " Oj rH fl ea •H 03 « C3 ^H u CQ 0 0 -H d d d ttl O C * Cj O ^H rH X', fH r-l « 0 0 rH 0 CQ 0 d Pi Pi • CQ '^ g m > C) 0 0 C3 03 M o3 43 +3 0 •H in ^ ^ 0 0 pz; o o rH > u > ^-jj CQ m rH 0 fn ■^ TJ ^ u • 03 •H •H 0 0 pi • d d "o H S d H W fx4 f; 0 0* o o w Ca Q o Q 0 0 H W W H f3 Ph r^H 1-3 I CO • fH Oi CO H rH O cn cv CV iH sD CV ~\2 1^ O C\2 tXD :=) T3 - — > O o O --H(T-tOOALac.'rHH^-' --t to CJ u^ rH i> tX) -<( -4- i^ \0 ocnu-Mx;tootot>oor\i c\' CJ en n^ cv Cxi cv c\( c^i r\2 o-\ en o to ir\^ 5 S rxi H to o en rn O en to -<^ i~^ H ■H U-N r- iH -<)■■— ' H vO CV UA O en rH OH to oi CV £"- "J^ en "^ to o en en on CV c\i r i c^^ a iH H rH H H H en 1^ i^ O iH iH rH r\i u". O O O O c\; c^i r\i CV oi -p CD CQ •H > t>J >= >-. >5 >5 >> >i >i >= >3 !>i !>5 >t >-! >^ >s >s >J— -p -P -P -P -P -p -p -p -p •P +^ -P -P i-3 -P -p -p -P e^ •H •H •H ■H *H •H -H •H •H •H -H -H •H -H •H •H -H o U o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 • • ■ « • « • 0 • W • 0 • D • • 0 o o o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 -p -p -P -P -p -i^ -P -P •P -P -P -P -P +3 -p -P -P H iH H iH iH rH ,H H rH iH rH iH rH H H H rH cd cd cd cd Cd Cd cd cd Cd cd cd cd Cd cj cd cd cd O eq m m fP m ra cq CQ pq m m m CQ m m cq m •H ■p 0 a) 0 ed © G cd G G o G 0 (D 0 0 ^ (D G O o tsi IS] -a 1 1 CO L, G 9h G G G U2 G G ^ fl CO G G G G G vl ■p o 0 0 0 0 0 0 iO P-, 0 0 0 0 0 5 C\i N] S^ CO ISl LX] G to to M G •H N G CO is] LSI N -.0 G P -P CD -p -p -p (U -p -P -P G -P 0 4^ -P -P -P +3 0 s to -P CO CO m -P CO CO CO CD W -iJ CO to to w CQ 4J E !h ta u p u 00 in u U 0 b ra ;m u u Ih Sh CO o •H ^ •H •H •H cd -H •H •H ^ ;'^ 0 -H •H -H •H •H cd o P^ ClH Ph &^ H^ f=4 Ph Ph iX) fei l:^ P>4 (in Pr-, Ph P^ Pil H 0 0 03 ■ f>s cd >j A^ >i 0 CO S 0 (JO G 0 !-l 0 • 0 • cd •H G cd 0 0 0 H "-J 0 a, a •H Pu M -P u 0 >a cd G S (D H e * — ' 0 ■•^ ^, G cn •H 8 r** H 0 Cd cd ^ t3 ^ ^ rH > >20 0 •H 0 0 0 u Ph 0 PhcS m •\ U G ■P •ri •H en 0 CQ -P E3 N -P ctf 4:; c 0 H 0 G iH -p CD C o •H CO r^ cd rH H cd >s 0 0 -P >5 0 1— 1 p£| .a (U -P rQ w W -^ — S Jh g" e/2 0 G tj -P G G • ^- — V X 0 « CQ 0 • (D cd 0 G TJ 0 cd 0 • Ph Ch H CD o3 rf D, 0 S^ rH i-l iH -P G a H +3 >■ cd -H fX) &,> O. O U s !-i K .•X) Cd cd cd ft 0 W cd fn cd B fH -P O fi 0 u u Jh Q) 0 0 !4 0 x: 0 0 0 U C t:) 0 ^ Td a (D 0) « 0 0 ,Q G 0 ,D 0 .a 0 0 g nJ >j 0 rH G G G Q) G H 0 •H 0 0 0 xa CD r-i r-^ 0 0 r-J 0 (D 0) XJ 0 -H rH H jG H 1 — i rH S ^ Ph (i4 P=4 fEi 0 C! a t-i 000 0 E-H C! a ■=1; I I ■ri (D m >: iH m CNi CO iH r-i H H C^ t3 Ti O O o Cjn O 0~>0 O ttO • ^D a • s • • • • « • U tt o o o iH O o o o o (D • -P s tti •OO H rH U> -v}- iH O O O O • • • • • o o o o o CN2 "J^ O O O O -4- O o o o o <4H W O . ir (D O N .- ^ H MM o ^ rH Q) 03 rQ ■H e u 3 -P s CO 13 C -r) o in ^ G -rH .-^^ c^ r\i M -p -4 o o o cd CV C\i CM T! O U -H tfl =H t:! -h C oa Cti M -P (53 CO H to i> o s; CO -4- O c'A — ^rVsD rH -"^c^iH — 'CV i> CV i-n CV r<^ ^^ CO COCviOOOOc^tOC c\i c^ CN2 r-i cv rj rj c^i cv -<^ H r-i H CO S +3 i> rH iH ON --4- o^ in m r- CI cv c- o o o r^ c\i rv c^ Cvi 35 (E) 2011 ■sOvO r^r<^ o • • 03 to •H > ^ i^ ^ ^ i^ !>» >> >» f?? >! >> >5 t>s >5 >J >» >. 1 > -P -p -P -p -P -P +3 -P -P ■p 43 -P -P -p +3 43 43 43 -p -" — ^ •H •H •H •H •H •H •H •H -H •H •H •H -H •H •ri •ri •ri vH pi o c^ O O O O o O o O O O O a o o o 0 0 a • c • • • a • • « • e • • o • • 0 * o o o o O o o o o o O o o o O o 0 0 0 -p -p -P -P -O -p +3 -p -p +:> -p -p -p -P -p 43 43 ■p rH H rH rH H rH rH rH ^ <-\ rH r-\ rH rH rH H rH I — ! d rlj 03 oj 03 nj cd Ct) Cu o3 cd cd cd C(j 03 cd Cd Oj C m m PQ m m pq ffj m m m m cq m M CQ « cq cq •H -P 0 03 03 0 ffi 03 03 Ph 03 x: jG 0 03 03 d, 03 03 x: 0 0) 0 0 Ph 0 >; G rj:3 cn G G E-i EH G G G r^ LO E-H G CO ^H G uy -P o o M O O O o tiO o O 0 0 M •H cv ISI G G to r^ IS] a >-* tsi to tS] G N G G tsi rj to CO G r^ C U In •H u fH •ri iH !-l !H •ri u ;3 -p 03 © +3 G -P 03 03 -p -p +2 G -P ffi 0 -p 0 43 43 G 0 g y^ ■P ■p CQ 0 m ■p -P 03 03 03 03 CQ -P -P 01 43 m 03 0 43 S u 03 CQ Jh o ?H to CQ U ^ u O in CO 03 fH CQ f4 u 0 01 o •H 03 03 -H J^H •H cti cti ■H -H •H fn •H 0 o3 •rH W •H •ri Jh ctf o p^ :s 3 Ph W Ch w H Ph P"^; !>j P-H CQ fXH ^ p=^ P=H Ph p^ pq a • O o in 0 0 0 o o ■p •H G 0 o • • >^ • o 0 HH >» 03 >5 O o cj 4J 01 a £ fn ^-^ G o f-< >;, u • 43 •\ 43 i cfl •\ M Cm G o cd 01 0 !X o Jh ft 03 fi cd 03 O KJi 0 Q G ::! a u cd a ft u »\ ftct; 01 o ^ 0 t:! H o o 03 w o •h ■H • -c; s •H >iM CO 0 ^ o G ca o Oh erf 03 o e tn Jh >J U 0 ^1 -p 03 •H •H Q O 03 O 03 Jh u 0 N TS oy o. 01 0) O Cm 1 ■* 03 u H ^ cd 0 CJ G •H n iH 1— ! !-i -P M m Ti to W "^ ft a •H m r^ !>s ti ;^ O O 03 03 G G G 1." 0 0 m ?4 3 f? C o Jh O O O u •H ca 'T' >5 o m Jh u M © 0 fr, ■r-l M ,'— V •H O nj C3 Ph C5 'b-- T G^ C'-q o o G fc. 0 Cd rH 1-Jh s o ca !-i G ft ch 03 ^ cd 13 O • •H ■ri 5 K' N 0 •- ffl -p TJ ?-i m « >J 03 a II r; o .^H S ts ■•d !h s G m x: s CD O u 03 0 Ti f3 ;n 'S g G •ri M CD o O a • fn u • oj ^ OJ 0 ^ 0 0 • •ri s O a f-T* 3 t3 a ^A W ffi H^ o K tLl •X. HH i^ M •v Tt CD W • i=> T5 ^ s • vD U b,' ^^ — ■' CD • -P 6 oooooooo oo . U^ 0 o *^ — ' rQ H § *^ S W u H 01 tti ^ u 3 •P s CQ ri c Xi o fl -H „.— ^ M -P - i> S -*o o u^ r- cfA rH O H H s s (.A.' O O H rH O -X> C^ O O CV C\2 r\i CV CV C^ CV f\! CV C\2 f.£] pq pq f£J ^-- H O O triOCOOCOu^o — ' C\2 CV Cvi c^ c\i vO CV O O S Ci~i S 3 vDOOO^f^-4■|^t^ o■^ r\; cv Cvi sD cv vO ^-' vO S H c^ r<^ ?^ 1 • • CD CQ vO c^ ■H Oi C\i ' — ^ !> o o t3 S Oi OJ ^-^ cc; >» >i >a >i >J >. >, >i >» >j >;, t^ >» t--^ >^ >j >j >^ >a !>s >j >» 1 to >5 r > -P -P -P -p -p -P -P -P -P -P -P -P -P -P -P +3 +3 4J +D +D -P -p ■p -p .-^ — -. •H -H -H •H -H •H •H •r\ -H -H -H vH -H •H •H •rl "H -H -r) -H •H ■H •H fl C^ O O O O O O k::) xo t::) t:> '■^ o o O O O O O O O 0 0 0 ri ■» — ' o • a e o e • ■ • • • n • • '3 • • • • • • • 0 • o o o o o o o o o o o o O O o O O O o o o 0 0 0 -p -p -p •p -p ■p -p -p -p -p -p -p +^ -p -P -P 4J -P -P -P -P jJ ■^ H rH H H H H H rH iH iH H r-1 rH rH ^^ x-\ r-\ T-\ r-\ y-\ H r-\ rH Uj CTi cd cd cd cd ai cd cd cd cd cd cd Cd oj cd cd cd Cd Cd cd Cd Cd fl m pq pq CQ P5 m qq pq P3 ffl pq pq pq pq cq pq pq pq pq pq pq pq CQ o •H CD 0} 0 © -P rH 0 fl CD G G © cd O a o CD O O rj CD G O IS] IS] 3 o o to u •H tsq % o 1 iSl !S] G G O O o o 0 N in •H 0 ; W C fl a Eh r:J G CO a C G G G iq G G CO en G G G Eh G -P ^■~^ o o O O O O O O O o O tjO O O O O 0 0 •H Cvi a to csi CO C tsi C-O C to tNl tsi tSl tS! !Nl G t^ to G G to IM IS] G t^ ;lj M !h u •H Jh U f4 3 0 -p -p -P © -P -P 0 ^J -P -p +3 -P -P G •P 4J 0 0 +3 40 -P 0 -p -P CO CQ CQ -P CO CO +:i CO CO CO W CQ CO O CO tQ 43+3 CQ CO CO 4J CQ f3 rn u u ^1 CO u Jh to in Sh fn fH M U o in U VI VI U U U C;Q U o ccS -H -H •H 0 •H •H 0 -H -H -H •H -H •H U •H •H © 0 -H -H ;H © •H o PJ P4 frn (^ 5: f^ !JH ;3 C^ P^ f3H Ph ph Pm m IJ^ P^ 13 3 P^ P=4 P=4 p^ • "p . • o o ^-^ p., -'— ^ • o o O >i • !h >< 0 !>3 o H GOO G >5 G tiD cd tUD cd O O M " !>3 ff cd • u c >s CO ■^ G P-, C a G Cd o, 0 O -H 3 o •H •H S tUD-p . O ■X fH cd Q. g G o, u Dh G CQ O G G o o >i CO 0 Ph s c5 M cd >» S O.C/3 CO •H G O -H -H G ^ -P OS 0 0 H Pi q -p e V O Ch O t3 cd n S cd 0 0 0 »s ti Cd O O og K 0 CO i >3 += 0 ft cd O P:i ^ O -H « 0 R tS ft-P tuO fH G^ CO x: e i^i Sh CO ^ <* M 3 rH >j in o 0 !h rH !H G G 0 Cd p o o :=! ^ 0 C <-^ pq cd -P O o CO ^^ 0 cd 0 3 •H ft -ci 3 o n cd a, •H 0 43 G rH cd ri< 0 0 rH S V] TO s r-i cd ^ cd M O ^ H -H G rH O cd 0 c ■ri P:J >j-H Cd © 0 M Q ^ S 0 o Oh 0 •H SH 0 cd -H 0 O >j © Xl CO Eh 0 cq u 0 ^- — -. a ffi o -P O XI -tH -H +:> ■A M rH > Mnd l>5 rH 0 Cm rH eg a 0 •H K cd M G fH Cd CO cd 3 0 0 H W f^ CQ c *-— ' 0 -p > • -P 0 0 -P G !h >. o f-i cd 0 rH rH © tsl fn 0 O -H H CO CO H • a, CQ ;h O 0 l-D cd G CI^ CQ Cd tJ +> -p 0 0) t3 K -p TJ ,§ W Xl Eh 0 P3 CD O CQ ^ Cd tlCX! -H CO G 0, E fl r-\ O • a tJ TJ -P S ^ 0 cd cd -H -3 cd 0 0 ft ^ •^ j: ^ o e o 3 • G G G 0 0 -G « 0 0 0 is K < m W 13 1-3 ffi 13 l-H M M ►-J *-3 Eh Q ^ i^ !:£| :^ Q •t^ t=H t=^ •v t3 (D W • n Tj • ,*— ^ fH t^ o (!) » ""^ — ■p e 03 ITN O 0> CV r-H LA C\i rH - — ' Xi H 0 S fi u rH Q) cd ^ •H e -P s m ;=! C t:! 0 G -H M -p •— -. CD - H H W cv^ u-\ -4- ;>-<;• ir\ - O^ CV r<^ c\; r\j oi Cxi 0-i CV r-i f^ c\2 r\i S W O ON rH •P 01 M CD W •H 1> Q) O •H 1^ O ■ Q U -P «H O >>>>>3>S!>1>3>S>J >i i>. !>j >J !>5 >5 >> >^ !> +3 ^ 4J+D+3+3+D+:)-p+D •rH -H -H -H -H -H tH -i-l •P •H p •H p> p> p> p +2 p •H -H -H -H -H -H s r^ 00000000 0 0 0 00000 r-' 0 0 "^^ 3 • c 0 • • • • 00000000 0 0 0 00000 +3 4J -U -P -P P -P -P P += +j JO 40 4JJ 40 4J HrHtHr-li— IrHrHH H H r-i r-{ r-\ !-\ 7-{ r-{ cdRjcdcdaScdaScd cd Cd ^ 45 iij .53 i^ ^ cqfqeqmaammm cq P3 cq pq m CQ 03 CQ © (D 03 0 G c n C 00 0 0 tS] N tsi t<] CD c Tj T3 "Xi '3 0 a a c r^ t>3 00 0 0 00 0 0 0(UCU CGScno^i^scn CO fl c c! c a s fl 43 ^ — ^ 000 00 0 0 00000 •H c\i MtNltSl S CtSJIS] fl a tS! IS] M tSJ Lx] [S] to c U U U u p +34J4J 0 Q)4J-p 0 0 P> p> p p> p p p to en si -P P 01 CO p> p 01 01 01 01 01 02 01 ^ ^fH^HUlCQfnfHOl 01 ?H U t, ^ ^ fn ^1 c •iH -H tH cd 0) -H -H cd cd •H •H -H -H -H -H -H CJ li^PnHfb^W^iP^HplsW W W pEH w W W W W > — ^ • • X 0 0 ^-^ s:^ 0 • t— 1 >s M >> >> 0 01+3 n 0 a q C >^ »> j 01 ft a Oi o3 w cd T3 C m 0 S f^ fi ,^ S ^cuox: 0 cd 01-p Jh >» 00 0 i>3 0 >iS!HC0^ftCO P-i § 0 Ph 0 fl 0 u 0 m fL, fi 0 :::3 ^ ^"^ w S •HO > 0 r/2 '^ 0 a, qS Ph c3 ft tJ Cd oSJ 0 -p 0 „ 0 fH a „ g -^ d Q (U XJ S ca Sh 0 0 TJ C G 0 P cd r^ r-\ a •'-i ' Oh •S P 0 f-, -H -H 0 cd ;h e Xi H -H Cd 01 >^ t4iHCd:3li(OF>(l> p" cd !> >i r-i' fn 0 H 0 G ^ ^ 0 W ^-^ cd 0 Jh ^i CD ^ rH p rH H^ cd G 0 0 rH WW t(i:i>iMPQf-^'H Cd 0 •■H ft 0 -H S 01 '^ a in fl 1^ 01 • cd H tH Sh • 1 CQ > 1 Jh S S 0 e rH 000 u • 0 1-5 'd 0 G 0 ^-^ bD wi-oH^ oip ocn ffi Tj T^ (D CI, 01 !> iH Sh !m fH CO G U • •cOcdQ) '-H .3 ^ • 0 >a 0 • cd 1 >J >3 >5 >:, !>j 1 p p -P Pi P •H -H •H 'fH •H 0 0 0 0 0 a • ft f« e 0 0 0 0 0 pi p -P PJ P r^ r-i rH rH H cd cd Cd Cd cd m cq 0 0:1 G cd 0 0 tsi ^ '3 A! 0 0 .^ 0 0 0 0 0) 0H G c rf) G ^ 0 0 0 0 W) [SI tS] G ISl -q fl f4 •rl p p 0 +3 •*^ s 01 02 P 01 01 CO u u 01 U ^ P ;-i -H 0 -H ■-1 M w w 3 f^ w m g' >s ft • G G ft cd >j 0 u ft G c:i 0 >» e cd 0 G 0 'P^^ cd 0 s 0 tiO ft 0 0 a e >:,0 « •H 0 Ti G 0 G ft >5 G cd ;i 5h cd G 0 0 C^ a -H +3 0 ■ri nd • u ;:3 G G S cd CO cd cd s ^ rH 1 — i • ■pi J>. >5 01 0 S ^ u u s: cd S Eh s S 3 •k ■n 0 to • t3 T3 • ^ — . ^1 U sO . ir> CD O -■— .* ,n H @ ^ s d en CM i> -vj-l r-l CI Oi H S S en cn ^£) u H CD Cd ,Ci -P s CD ^ C t3 O C -H .^ . H -P -^ d >. — - 13 O Sh -H n3 ch t3 -H S m cd en -p Cd to H O :^ W M H CV CNZ -4- en •^-- m>> — r-\ H CV to U■^ ir\co o t-- -J- CV O ^^^ sX) o O O O ■J^ en CM en - C CV r-^ CV ^D r-|MHC\2 ^-^CVrHen rHCMtOtO--^ COHrH i:Nicvc\2CNit=>coo^oo CNiCA2C\2CNi- — CviCV enc\i -p m CD m •H > o •H -P cj o >^ >-. >» t^, > -p -p -p +3 ■p ^-^ •H •H -H •H fl C^ O O O O 13 O • • A c O o o o o 'cd (-+ o tNl >. P" -""-^ •H r\i fl a o o -p tn pi O +J -O +3 J-5 H H rH r-H 03 cd Cd cd CD o t-< :2: O O • o • rH ft &. P" O j:i S o cn og to to cd rH o Trj i3 t3 dec 3 a cd H rH rH K*S K^ K*^ fn fj Jh cd cd cd s a s o CO •P to u •H to -P o ;^ o Ph Eh CD ft cd Td cd cd "ST* ft s o o >i >s l>j >s ■P -P -P -P •H -H -H -H O O O O O O O O -P -P -P -P, rH rH rH rH cd cd cd cd cq pq cq m cd CD CO P-, o w o -p o o -p r-H cd C3 cd CD U o 0) CD CD Ph O -p fi to (D u O •H Jh [ii fq • ft U o o CD a O C CO tsi o _^ - csa a to H += ^ 'd to P> CD +3 S ?-l to P> W CD •r( tH to Jh O Peh -H CD >:, >» >0 >» >S +:> -P -P -P -P •H -H -H -H -H O O O O O O o o o -p p -p rH rH rH rH CS Cd Cd Cd CQ n cQ m cd CD cd CD Ph O to -p CO Jh •H txO O o to o o CD (i4 5: (i4 pq Plh pq piH G) S o ISl CD -P -P Vi to Jh CD -H S3 tH to H cd CD Eh Td cd H Jh id o o • ft to u -P o o o ;=i , td r-\ o cd !h S Ph -H ^a to (H •H £h to c; -p CD S Tj Cd cd A-1 x: o jn Jh © a o ft a Jh M O O •\ to -P u cd ,§ g to CD •H ^ C EH ■H rH rH Cd Cd -P -P © ® O •H cd J-i o ft Jh O a o (D U (D a •H Cd ft o o Jh © I ;:3 O o Jh • cd O O O to H --^ Sh U • © ' O ,Q ' O 'Ti o 1 !>5 O -P 3 1 cd fl I © O Jh © © O > Jh a ' o cd cq o o o © 0 u © CO cd I o H t>i !>5 !>j >3 l>i 1 -p J^ P> H-> +3 •r< -H -rl -H -rl O O O O O O O O O O 4J Pl Pi 4^ +3 rH rH rH r-i r-l Cd Cd Cd cd Cd P3 cq pq P3 W © © © © © j:^ eU C .CI C! o o o o o CO :o t-o N] ts] pi P" P> P> pi ca CO to t/j to Jh u in Jh Jh •H ■r-i •P ■rH •H fn >5 5lH Ph Pm • O O to ft • cd a O o o o • o ft Jh hO tn © rH G O •n ^ cd o ■H IS O •H ^ •H © C rH !H Cd >J S J3 CQ o o • o r-\ r-i 1 — i O Cd Cd cd H c )^ C a cd O o O •H nJ •H •H •H > +3 +^ P> 15 td .;3 Cd cd cd W S s • IX) C^ UP, I> C\2 f> l-l o> c^ f^i o l-l r\i ITv o; to --t H rH & ■-d ,.^-» iH O o H O c^O o o o -t o o o rH ON O o O • vD • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • u CD 1^ ti O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o e <+-! K O

    U^ Q) O V-^ ^ H § ^ s d CV C^ c- r\2 c^ to u^ 3 -- ' ti o fH -H cd ch T3 -h j:! K cd w -P erf CO H O 1 fxT ir\ vO rH O^ rH v^ C^ O H ■— ' rH Oi C\i l> - rH 0^ rH ■00 -st rr\ UA CNi o to to c\i CO o to o m to r- i> C^ OJ Csi cv rr^, cv «> r\i r^\ fA CNJ cv ca O^i IJ^ O^ r^i rH r\i r-{ <:<'\ C- O-l 'J~\ "J^^; to O O vO r<-\ O >^ >-. t-T >5 >s >^ >^ >s >5 >a >j t^ >l >5 >5 >i 1 >> >j >5 7 > -p p -p -p +3 +3 +3 -p -P +3 +3 43 +3 P 43 P p p jj +3 -— -H -H -H •H •H -ri -H -H •H •H H -H •H -H •ri -H •H -H -H cN O O O o O O O O O O r^ O 0 0 0 t:, 000 o • O J ft • • • • • • • c • • • • Ota o 1 o o o O o o o o o o o o 0 0 0 0 000 ■p +3 p P P P P ^J p p p p 43 43 -P -f P +3 P H H H !-{ rH H r-l rH rH rH H H r^ rH rH rH r-\ r-{ ^ erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf cj erf erf erf erf o rq m « Ch' cq 33 015 IX) m e:i cq CD m a P3 pj pq m .cq •H -P ® ; C rJ5 CO C a C a G to CO a CO R Eh c a fl G a -fJ O O bD O O O O o 0 0 0 000 •H t^ a e: tS3 C tS] !S3 t>a IS3 a a L-5 n<] fl s f-l fH •H Jh ^H fn fn ri +3 CD Q) P S P -P P> +3 CD CD P 0 43 Q) p 43 P> +3 43 1 tn p P CD CD ca CO w ca +3 43 CO -p CO p Dj LO to 0 to In ca oi U O !h f-j ^ !h 00 CO .Ch CO Jh to M !h u u u 3 •H s rO -H fl erf > « c5 !>j 00 G G o S M H H erf 0 erf • erf 0 fn O -P O CD Ph 0 rcS erf >s U 0 ft rO Ph X! '. C ?^ r- to (D ft S^m tJ S „ N O • O erf IB P C CD to to g c^ ., , 5 <^ ^^ g ^ CO -H ;3 P 'r erf r-\ 11 to S ftoy ui 0 +2 3 o C c O P> cy erf ^+^ CD x; ^ SH CD 0 S G W CO !h • O o fn cti ^ rH o r-i erf i ^ U 0 ;h to • o ;:< Ph erf a, CQ •H PQ f-! O erf Ph t^ <-i ft CO CJ) 0 43 to to x) l>3+5 f^ CD P O O -H G H a a S 'd ft Sh 0 G a O to O -H erf O ft a ^ J3 O CO erf >» ^ 0 0 0 >^ Ph 0 fH -H M O J^ U N !H a Q., Ml-H 3 o a <=a -H 0 0 fH 0 ^ cq ^ rH rH P o ^ O G) H !h to o erf p • r^H 0 0 0 0 ClH 1h trf erf C erf r^, ::i O Ph O ;=! -H ct'! a fH erf rH p_^ > p:^ to Pi o C a CD s s p -r; ^ > J^ GOO erf Jh 0 -a: 0 p O O -H o irf O • Cti tG -H CD m 0 p -H 4^ C ft 1 fH • U • S •H -H ^H C o PH U 00 rH P o p::! p U 0 r-i •H. cj -H rd 0 K 00 +3 4J CQ -H e -H p p 0 ^ Jh 0 •H > rQ erf erf - rH • CD • .a •H o U Jrf ^ 0 0 0 • 0 • s s s o o > Ph CO Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph Ph P:; P^ Pi :3 «3 CD vO !>- O^C\2 CV -J^ c^ rH c-i --t ^'^ r\i \=> T5 O O r-i O O rH O O O O O O O O O o o o o o H O O • • • • ■ • •••*• • • • • • • • • • • ♦ • • U M 'Cd o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o CD . V_^ CD Cm CO O (U 0 .- N in l> u>, O O •v_-' ^ rH n ^ s cy u I-: S -4- 00 o to to CNi to •~4- r\! ■A S S m S ~d- O r-l c\i a pq w K a sO cv--' --^ iH r-^ H rH r-l ^— " — rH O^ to ^ rH U-\ r-l to CI -fN^— - r-i O O O u^ w-\ o o o CT~ o^ O^O^ o t^ o r\j CV C\2 vD v£i cr\ o.' cv r^ C! cr^ r 2 c\! •— ' C-l s£) in^SS ^^CVtO O to O ->t H H 0^cr-ir\i>-- — rH -^ — ^-^cr^sO ^- ON r^ c-', r-] i> to C^ C'-\ Cvi C\i "^ OJ Oi C\i cr^ CNi r-{ -P W 0 •H > >.>.>;-.>;> >5 >= t^-S >J l>J >3 >5 >!, >s >i ^ >i >5 >T, !>i !>j f>3 9 >-1 -P -P -P -P -p -p -p -p +3 43 43 +3 +3 +3 +3 43 -P +3 +3 43 43 43 43 p> > — - •H -H -H -H •H -H -H -H •H 'H •H -H •ri •H •H •H ■ H •H •H •H •H vH ^ (T- O O O rj O O O CJ 0 0 0 C3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CJ o o • • • • o o o o o • • » o o o o 0 0 0 • • 0 0 0 • 0 • 0 • 0 • 0 • 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 -p -p -p -p 43 40 -p +D +3 43 +3 +3 43 43 .i3 +3 4-3 4J .13 43 43 4^ 43 rH rH iH H rH rH rH rH rH <-{ H rH r-i rH H r-i !~l rH ^ S 1 — i rH ?H cd cd cd Ctj Cd CS Cd Id cd cd cd cd Cd Cd cd ^ Cd td Cd Cd Cd cd cd c pq P3 P3 m oa pq cq ffi op pD ffj m W CQ eq m pq 03 cq r^ ra pq •r -P CD 0) CD CD (D 0 CD © 0 0 cd d a c! fl a fl G (D G G G O o o 000 0 0 fl 0 0 0 q ^^ ISl IS] iS3 ISl :a ISJ CO 0 to LS] L-^ M (D C O ISl cond cond cond cond cond p. 0 0 0 0 to •H 0 0 -d G 0 0 1 0 0 CD CD CD 0) 0 CD © CD CD H) CD CD x: 0 0 CD 0 0 0) 0 0 0 0 >, CO CO C! fl cj ro CO CO CO C! CO a Eh a G G G ;-i ■>H rO CO G in -p O O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 •H X— ^ C! C tH CO !4 CO U H u u u 54 to to U to o !d <0 -H -ri •H cd (D cd cd •H 0) -H Q) •H •H •r-i •H •H •H 0 0 •H cd o W 3 f^ P>H !iH w :3 w H I^H 13 P.H rS f=H Ph f^ P=H P=4 til P14 -^ • l>a *^ • o P>3 Td J>3 5^ p 0 CJ> >j, erf 0 (D JI| '■ii cd Cd >i 0 l>j G 43 Cu >:. c. 0^ G • G bD 3 Pi • 0 •ri ft G uo rr: 'S cd 0 tiD Cd C ft ,. s a ., >i S s cd • G 0 0 >5 ft G G ft ::j -. g °^ 0 c ^ a :=> 0 ft Ph •H l>3 0 0 S^ t^ M •H S H >> O 0 M cd 0 !>j S f4 N G Cd 0 Td 0 H -t^ ^ g?''-^ +3 43 a, to 0 a 0 0 •r! cd M Td pj CJ •% i-H 0 in P> -H g s • !m •'■•d S SH r) r4 Cd >sO 0 G ft G 0 Pli to 0 += o cd nj >5 d) O, 0) >,-rj 0 0 •H Cd ft Cr Cd S •H 0 0 G XS ;S tiD S3 03 Q a-p fi 0 ^ (1) ^ 0 Xi Oh43 S © ch Td > 0 ^ Cm 0 0 § G ^ s d +^ 43 Cd CD 0 .>4 CD 0 H 0 0 cd to ft-H ■^ fl to o cd ta 0 ^ .'^ 0 Pi cd 00 o >i m CD pa r^ r-l G ^ 43 43 .'■—'• fn cd rd C +3 45 C « ■H CO G G G •H ;^ G ^ 00 rj-y Id 0 ^ rH O (in -H rd M H -H +3 Ho ■H 0 CO G 0 — fH ;4 !h 43 Jh U > ^ ^H cq o •*— ^ O fl cd pi Td kJ ?4 0 ^^ CD 0 CD Cd 2 (D 0 K-* cd cd rj rH f^ Cd CO (D G tI • © •H ,Q U rH 0 r^ X! X] rH x: ft 13 Td t:) 0 CO !> G G 43 g >-> !>^ -5 B =;^ cd 0 0 rH pi P< ^ 0 0 cd cd cd ^ 3 o ^ h 0 0 X! • rH td X! •H 6 0 0 0 0 • n. 43 4-3 43 s p^ cci ixi cxi a^ CO CO 0 M CO 1-3 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO 1-3 CO CO CO CO •* Ti 0) W • t3 Tl • fH W •vT) © • V.-- -P s cd ^ r^ CN2 H O O £> a H O O O rH o o o o • • • « b • o • o o o o o o o o o o C'^ rH H o o o • • • o o o to M O rH O O O O o ch w O Q o ,- V ?-l > ir- (D O ■> ' ^ H fe; fy u rH O Cd Xi •H e -p s 01 ;:s fl 13 O S -H -"-^ M -P ^ cd tj o ^ -H ca ch t3 -H fl tn Cd CQ -p cd CO rH o O O i> u^ to \0 S W H W ^-' c^ ~ vX! 0"^ O O i-V H CV 0-\ CV C~i ^'^ iH S S cr^ S (n -t O o « £> to •^ CM lO. vO c^ H CV -<^ rH LA U^ ^-- rH t=) c-r^ o ■-^ CM CV -— -i-i O O CNi CV r<"^ u^ rH r\2 rH rH CV c^i C-- C- t- !> ^r^ CM CV CV r-{ c<^ r-i CV CM CM rr^ CM c<-\ CO ElO T3 (D ca •H > o o ,3 > -p m M c ^ (1) c () IN] > -P •H ^"^^ c CV p ■"^ — ' a C) o K*s P^ *^ J>a r^ p^ ?*^ Pi Pi K"a S^ Pi Pi Pi pi Pi -P-P-P-P -P-P -P -i^ -P -P-Ph^ -PH^ +^ -P •H -H -H -H -H -H -H -H -H -H -H -ri 'H -H -H -H oooo oo oo CD ooo cs! <:::) o o oooo oo oo o -P-P-P-P -P-P +5-P -p <-i i-i r-\ r-i iHrH rHrH H cdcticdcd cdcd cdcd cd cqpqracq pqcQ PPOQ cq 0 0 C! fl c3 O o o ti •H fl cd C Cm pi ^ -P a rH •H •H (U t-i rH rH O cd Cd -P O > 0 O O !>i SH &, ^ c J>j 0 CD •H C! m g •H C! P-.-P -P fd rH cd 3 to fH cd CO CO CO CD 3 a,r-\ u Eh Ph a. ^ -Q a 0 e rH • • u ?-! o -d CO !>i • O CD W r^ p! ::3 o a cd fn CO o 0 ,^3 XI •H « fH -P • m ;^ ri :s 0 cd • CO CJ a w CTJ m EH M r=> OOO jf -^ +" rH r-; r-H cd Cd A m m cQ 0 o rd B o o 0 0 0 a CO K o o !;■;] Sm to hj 0) -p to +3 C/l fH CO f-t •H 0 -H Ph 3 &-I o o -p -p ■-! H CD W D5 CQ 0 0 C! fl o O tS] to TZf Jh o •H O £' 0 CH CO fH r-l © 0 -P 4-^ to to © 0 o 4^ cd o ts; 4^ to u •H Cd 4^ 0 cd o •H f4 0 o o cd 4^ 0 o 4^ •H t3 ^— - o u ■> M G O O 4^ •H « O f:! M -ri U ^ cd to :3 4-3 o f^ ^— ^ I to O 0 Q rH -H cd 0 •- < ;3 •(-( • MO 0 fH >J O fl cj 0 £H :^ :3 cd o a o Cd o rH Cd 0 O ro 4J to u •H liH CO to 0 U u 0 >i 4^ •H O O 4J rH cq O to 4^ u •H o o H 0 +3 4^ •H ^ VI •H 0 O I 1 -d 0) to • C\i O^ H r\2 c-i ^O C- c^vO t30 m r-i -4-sD O^ ^ - tD o - oo o <0 • N ^ r-l 15 ^ Ch m O CD (D , — . f^ >. Lr> a; o *- — ■ ^ r-l S S B fl \0 G "S fH O o s; ri^ O Es; O LP, O H S O S i> H r^ O cv o^ O O i>0 s O -vi-o o ^to to CV cv sD O H H C5 •H Sh -P tQ 1^ U cd -P CO o •iH •p nj o •H •H CQ W erf r-l O -;/ tq W sOH^--'i>C^r<-\iHr~lo^sCOH c^ vD £) ^ O ^ CJ "^ CV O vO O^OOu-^^r^-4^^£;-<^^OCO'^0 (."V Ci r\i rr\ C~\ C<^ OJ r\i C\i CV C\2 CV H o^ r^ C\J c' vO !> "^ iXi c<^ oi -4- vC ir\i t OA t3 r-\ OA ir\ r<^i ua cv O ri~\ r^ c^-— ' c^ — ' (TA :^A 1^1 o (Tnc^ oA ra pi •rH 1> 0 ^^ o •H o O! -P to o (D >> >-. >5 >^ >. !>5 >-5 >.>.!>» -P -P -P -p -p -p -p ■t^ -t^ -s >i >5 >J >5 +J -p +3 -p -P -P >i !>j >^ •p -p -p 33 § c f~^ c^ d 3 3 3 3 §B § •H tH -H -H -.-i -H •H •H -H o o O o o o o o o o O O O O o o o O O o o o o o o o ZDOi r^ • e « • • • • a o o « o BOO* • ■ • o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o +D +D +5 -p -p -p -p -p -p •p -p -p -p -p -p -p, •p -p -p H S H rH iH H rH rH rH H rH v-A r-: r-i :-i i~i rH rH rH cd nj cd erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf erf pq eq fq PQ CQ rq cq pq cq CQ m ffl cq cq cq m pq ,X) pq 0 0 (Q 0 a G G G 0 0 O O O O G G [S] tS] N t<] O C<1 o tS3 ^ TS •xi 'd fl a G G -d •n o o o O u !h o o o u •H 0 0 © -H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ^ 0 G 0 0 a y\ Si C S to !/) G G G UD G xn G !H G O G G O O H o o o o o o o O 1>3 O O ISJ t m vx m -p m -P m -P 01 >H eo CO fH fn -P pi 3 03 U U vi m u u ^H CO U U2 in W fH r:i M fH •H -t-i W CD •ri -H •H 0 -H 0 -rl erf •ri O -H -H 0 0 erf P^ P^ 3 5 fi4 fa fa rs !^ :3 fa fa ji^ r-iiH fa p^H fafa fa w • • • a. 0 Ph o > * ^ ^ •H U 0 mH OOP, u o -p ' « 0 0 fH . -H O 0 C) 0 • O erf ra g" u 0 o • •- 0 O O Q • 0 TO o r-\ -H • O M CO O o o •H Ph rj fa t3 ftO fH C ^ O tS 0 o !h e o „ erf fH S 0 0 j3 -H iU H o •H 5 o _ c3 cc; O H ^■'^ b -P !h erf tj « erf o G O 0 U erf in -p H a O «" •9.3 01 •> 0 0 H 0 O O >s 0 ^ Ih G ft erf • O +3 >! rH w Js 0 fH n O 0 >. a M 03 ^1 '^ o a a -Hen 000 -p rH erf ;:! O to fH ^ § o o '1 erf !h -ri 0 X> D!i C w s o rs •H o •H U 0 O erf y n S 0 Si -p 0 erf fa o G Ti O fH o y:; 0 ^ 3 -P -T' c! S bO U erf Q >H erf w erf O , o Si 5 rH rH 0 o ;^ rH G G -P erf -p • 0 0 0 0 0 •H •H • 0 fi j-i erf 0 0 O H • erf 3 1-3 ^ <^ ^ pq cq fQ m pq X 0 CM ■73 \ CO m , ^-^ ^ • U^ v£) O O rH * « • o o o o o O o C\i O O O O O O O • ••«*«• o o o o o o o ■fH CV -<}■ O tH en rH O O O O O o • • • • • o o o o o o <*H -CO-I ° §?, §5& U*^ ^ rH fi & 1(1 s s s s s S £3 S S S S vO ^4 H 0) cd -9 •H § 5h ^ -P ^ m S S rd O a -^ ,.'— > I-" -e -4 nJ t3 o ;h -rf CO m O \0 to \0 (r\ (SI rH > <^ t> to O - U -P CO •-< I— G ch O !>i >i >i >» >s >5 -P -P -p +3 -P •P §§ § 3 § o o o o o O o o o o o o • • • • • • o o o o o o -p ^J -p -p -p P" rH iH H rH H l-l cj ui cd 05 OJ cci CQ pq m n pq 0 a (D G o G o isi o ISl ■r* IS) !_> G Ti u O ^1 •ri o •ri r-; CD CD CD <-< t^ G o CO G o H fl IS3 G c-q G U u Sh • CO CO CO •H •H o o •H H Q ^t CO > H to •H •H +3 -p (D « -P G (D CO ( — CO 0 v-— N -p ;:! r (D •H f-J •9 Q) --d •r • > Q fH G cci ft'H Sh ^ O M -p Sh -P O CO -P G G CO O O S CD CO o O 'T3 o e O CO G pa o o G O o M v.-^ o !-i ^H PA ^ F^ CD -P N u < -p to o CD n CD •H H O cri r-{ O ?H o a W w (^ ^ 1 H t>» !>5 >-. !>!.>» >. >» >^ l>5 t>> >= t>j >> J -P -P -|J -P -P -p +^ pi -p -P -P += -P G G G G q ri 3 pi 3 3 G pi §B§B o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o • • • 9 • o o o o o o o • o • o • « • • o o o o -P -P H^ -P -P -p -p -p -p +^ -p -p -p rH H rH r-! rH rH r-i H r^ H r-f r-i Gj CO C\3 CTJ td cd 'cd cd cd cd cd cd cd cq m pq P^ m cq pq pq pq :Xi pq pq cq CD 0 0 0 (-* G G G O o O O ISI !S5 tSl ISI 13 xi 'd ts G G G G o o o o C CD (D o O O 0 0 o G G (D ® •ul -p -P fn !-> u !h (0 !h CD o-j pi pi CD O O -H -r^ •ri •ri 0 •ri 0 0 o o -3 [i4 Ph pi4 pq plH Ph rH '^ • :s ;3: P-H h G o o O •H o • •H a • o CO 53 CiD o o •ri Xi G a G > o •H M o P^ O -H G ft SH to G o 5h CO « cd o oS pi -p -H O >5 ^ E o -P O rH UD O ^ <^ CO fj s o pS rH G •ri U (D ti 'J >> cd ■ri 'H tI O Cj -p 03 x; G £:l 9 ^H O 4^ X! cd « O ^ G CO cd 'H 0 !H CQ O • a o o -ri s c^ G PL, •ri -p a. O O j-=i; -H G cc m H o -p ►-3 u Ti P> CO >» o o 4^ m 0 0 CO rri cd O -r! rH [ij -r) CD ^ CO ^ •zi o >i u CTJ Cd rH Cd :3 •ri G •ri cd cd 3 rH ffi -ri • CD s Cd cd 0 C3 K ti: f-3 s 1-3 Ph w t:^:! 1-^ s a S i •d f 0) Oi • & '73 ,— *^ • vO ^^ a >— ' 0) • -p g Cj 13 O H Q CV "J^ -<3- O r^>r\ n^ r-l H CV rncNJ O M O O H O iH r^ -4-cr\0 rH o o o o o H O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ch to O ffl (E u >. ,^— > CD O Ln ,£1 H ^— ' e c s ti s s S, ^ •Si =^ f^-t f^ s s s s hS Cj rQ •H e ^ 5 -P is; •— »* tG H ;i fl t3 C n -H rH\D C>2 H 'r\sO O r-4 -vJ-MD c?> o^ o r-i CV M 4^ ^'-'-x --xr- CO CO \0 iO ta c^to UA rH to o --t - !=3 o o La sO •i >> >s >» >» >i >» >5 !>5 >:, >5 t'J >. >:, >5 l>5 >j -p -p p -p -p -P •P -P -P 4^ p -p -p -P P +3 +1 G P3 § 3 (-H rH ,-1 § § 3 S 3 3 § > o o o O o O o o o o o o o O O o o -P o o o O o o o a c3 o O C3 o o o o o • • o • • . » • • • • • • e • « • o c^ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o a -p -p p Jj -Ij p -p p -p -p -p -p p HJ P p p rH rH rH rH H rH H rH H r-] rH r-\ rH rH H rH H oJ nj S (S oi CO rj CO CO Ri a co cO CO CO CO CO G pq m P3 eq fq M m cq cq cq fP pq CQ p:^ PC, pq m -p 0 (D ffi . C G fl G CO G CO O G CO G o G CO CO o -P o o o O O a Nl O o tSJ o IS! •H ^.-^ tsl to ISl ISI G IS] u G tSl G tSl [S] G G _ C Oi t1 (D in j:: 5h ^ fH in Xi p -p -p -p +3 (D -P -p 03+3+3 CD +3 -p +3 (D 0 +3 1 n m CO m -1-3 CQ CO p> ^j CO CO ri fH +3 CO ^ CO +3 P f-i u u u fn 01 !h CO CO J-i in CO C/i p3 5 •H -H -H •H (D •H P=q 0 O -H CD -H o ■H CD 0 O o piH pI-( pM PIH 3 P^ 01 :3 Cq Cn :3 (in fi^ P=H 3; :3 P-i • • Jh o hD O o o • G O • IS o •H • cs O -rl tlD-P •H O Ci O M Q CO CJ> ft G O ^ in o m Jh o G G CO •H CO I^ 4^ G (D •H o3 o !2n u • U Cm G c;> M ® o > o U CO G o O PS p! ■H 0 G ti o w (D •H Pj r;* •H 02 o -P G >» Q rH O P •H (Xl ;m -P 'o e H O ji W CO m > ^3 P O cO c3 -P H (D CO f^ 3 rH P :3 u a ,Q O to 0 !s -P CD • Ih Ch .C^«'< 0 TO t3 ■p l m -p -G ■clO-H Ch In !>H G -H fH fn ■ -H G t3 CD :i o to ■oOCh ^^ O •H PL, Cj O lO X! 1 rQ O CO ^H r^ G G r^ m r-{ H -P 1^ H P-, G O ,-1^ o CO •H ■H • M) H O G H lo CO cc O Pi O o !h X! o O (D -H o Si (D pi CO 0 « K Oh Ph « en PJ CO CO CO EH > > 1^ :s o -P CO pi 0 CO •H > 0 p:; I ■n ■■ -w • /^— ^ u u vX) o • v—^ -p e 3 Ch K O ffl c fH > — N i CO O o -vj- o r-i rH r'-\ H H rH O g • p K tH 0 • 0 0 PI ^•H CD 0 cd •H 4^ > cd J-: 0 Q) vXi • .C !^^ P -P rH -H CO m CD S~, m CD > 0 -H •ri fl iH \:d ^ p CO ■H •^^ ^ P.-, ■^ ^ •H K TJ CD a CD ^ ^ 0 1-3 • 0 CD X3 0 • tH (D 1-3 fM ^ 0 !>j w •S ^ 0 •H -O cn 0 H nO 0 cd 0^ fl cq iH 0 0 WH •»P=3 0 !>j i-l Ch >^ 3 0 -P i-a •H fH 0 •T3 0 0 m •N iH tj !>o "H CD H &Ch Ch £3 0 a. S ^!h f:i 0 fi. 00 en r-\ -P CD ca •H > S APPENDIX H ABSTRACTS OF PUBLISHED REPORTS ON GROUND-WATER RESOURCES See Description of Appendices (Appendix H) in the General Reference Section for a narrative discussion of this material. I APPENDIX H GROUiro-WATER SUPPLIES FOR INDUSlTilAI. AKD URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN ANNE ARUi'lDEL COUNTY by Frederick K. Mack - Abstract - This report is an appraisal of ground-water resources in a rapidly- growing area in the Max^^land coastal plain. It was prepared to guide County and State planners in effectively locating new water-using industries, corornercial establishments, and public water supplies. Bounded on the north by Baltimore City, on the east by the Chesapeake Bay, and on the west by the Patuxent River, Anne Arundel County includes an area of Ul? square miles of land surface axid is situated on a part of the Atlantic Coastal Plain which is adjacent to the Piedmont province. About half of the land surface is less than 100 feet above sea level and less than one square mile is more than 3OO feet above sea level. Estuaries of the Chesapeake Bay extend inland to the center of the County. The climate is hwnid. and temperate with a mean annual temperature of 56° F and an average precipitation of about 4/.1. incheso The County is underlain by a wedge-shaped mass of unconsolidated coastal plain sediments of Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Quaternary age which overlie much older consolidated crystalline rocks. The wedge of sediments is less than 50 feet thick in the northwestern part of the County but thickens to about 2,000 feet in the southeastern part of the County. The five major aquifers of the County - the Patuxent, the Patapsco, the Raritan, the Magothy, and the Aquia Formations - dip gently toward the southeasto An average of 20 mgd (million gallons per day) of water were used in Anne Arundel County in 1960, About 70 per cent of that quantity was from ground-water sources within the County and, 30 per cent was from surface- water sources. The investigation shows that approximately 80 mgd is available from the artesian aquifers, and that an additional 50 mgd may be available from water-table aquifers o Thus, the limit of water available is on the order of 130 mgd« A systematic appraisal of the ground water available from each of ten localities in the County shows that details of ground-water conditions vary from place to places The thinness of the unconsolidated sediments in the northwestern part of the County limits the amount of drawdown available and thus the arflount of water available from individual wells. Geologic conditions will permit the removal of large quantities of water from the eastern part of the County, but overexploitation of the ground water there would lower hydraulic heads in the aquifers and eventually induce contamina- tion by brackish water from the Chesapeake Bay or its estuaries. Source: Mack, F. K. 1962, Ground-Water Supplies for Industrial and Urban Development in Anne Arundel County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 26, APPENDIX H GEOLOGY MD GRO'JND -WATER RESOURCES OF THE BALTIMORE AREA by Robert R, Bennett and Rex R. Meyer - Abstract - The Baltimore area comprises the city of Baltimore, and most of the area from the Susquehanna River south to Laurel, essentially between the Piedmont Plateau and the Chesapeake B^ . Most of the large ground-water developments are in the industrial districts in and near Baltimore; consequently that part of the area was investigated in greater detailo InELth the exception of the northern part of Baltimore, which is in the Piedmont Plateau, the area is chiefly in the Coastal plain. The Piedmont Plateau is underlain by pre-Cambrian crystalline rocks consisting mostly of gabbro, schist, granite, and gneiss. Owing to their greater resistance to erosion the land surface of the plateau is higher and more rugged than the Coastal Plain^, which is underlain by soft unconsolidated sediments of Loxi/er and Upper Cretaceous and Pleisto- cene ages. The land surface of the Coastal Plain slopes gently south- eastward toward Chesapeake Bay. In some places estuaries, which are tributaries of Chesapeake Bay, extend northwestward across the Coastal Plain to the Piedmont Plateau, The Coastal Plain sediments were deposited on the southeastward- sloping surface of the crystalline rocks. They form a wedge-shaped mass that thickens progressively from west to east. The strike of the forma- tions of Cretaceous age is approximately parallel to the boundary between the Piedmont Plateau and. the Coastal Plain (Fall Line), As these formations dip gently to the southeast they crop out as bands of irregular width trending northeast. The Pleistocene deposits are essentially flat lying and were deposited on the eroded surface of the pre-Cambrian and Cretaceous rocks. In most of the area the sediments of Lower and Upper Cretaceous age, which consist essentially of irregular and lenticular beds of sand, gravel, and clay of continental origin, may be divided into three formations: The Patuxent formation of Lower Cretaceous age, and the Arundel clay and Patapsco formation of Upper Cretaceous age. Their combined thickness ranges from about k7$ to 7^0 feet. The Pleistocene deposits, which consist chiefly of irregular beds of sand, gravel, and clay of continental and esturine origin, are divided, in this report, into an upland and lowland unit. The combined thickness of these units ranges from nearly nothing to 175 feet. Owing to the great difference in water-bearing properties of the crystalline rocks in the Piedmont Plateau and the unconsolidated sediments in the Coastal Plain, ground water occurs under two widely different sets of conditions. In the crystalline rocks the water is contained chiefly in joints and other fractures which are not uniform in size and gradually disappear with depth, consequently the water- bearing zones are very irregular sind inhomogeneous. The sand and gravel in the Coastal Plain sediments are considerably more porous and. penneable and form relatively uniform and widespread aquifers. In general water- table conditions occur in the outcrop areas of the crystalline rocks and the Coastal Plain sediments, but down dip from the outcrops the ground water occurs under artesian conditions. Because of their low permeability, where they underlie a substantial thickness of unconsolidated sediments the crystalline rocks are not considered, to be an aquifer in most of the Coastal Plain area. The reported yields from 106 ind.ustrial wells ending in the crystalline rocks in Baltimore show an average yield of $0 gallons a minute, and a median yield of 3S; the mod.e, or most typical value, is 10 gallons a minute. The reported yields range from 0 to 3^0 gallons a minute. Industrial wells in the Patuxent formation in and near its outcrop have yields of about 200 to 300 gallons a minute, whereas wells in this formation down dip in the southeastern part of the area have yields of about 500 to 900 gallons a minute. Pumping tests and flow net analysis show that the coefficient of transmissibility of the Patuxent formation, the principal x^ater -bearing formation in the area, averages about 20,000 gallons a day per foot in the industrial districts near the outcrop, and about 50,000 in the industrial districts in the southeastern part of the area. The coefficient of storage of the Patuxent forTnation, under artesian conditions, is about 0.00026; under water-table conditions in the outcrop area, it is estimated to be 0.1^ to 0.20. The Patapsco formation is an important water-bearing formation in the southeastern part of the industrial area where it is separated by clay into a lower and upper aquifer. The lower aquifer yields as much as 500 to 750 gallons a minute to ind.ustrial wells. Its coefficient of transmissibility averages about 25,000 gallons a day per foot. The upper aquifer, which yields as much as SOO to 800 gallons a minute to wells, has a greater thickness than the lower aquifer, so that its coefficient of transmissibility probably is more than 25,000, The upland unit ^f the Pleistocene deposits is thin and caps the hills and. ridges and is not an important aquifer. In some places, the lowland unit is sufficiently thick and permeable to yield large quantities of water to wells. The large ground-water supplies in the industrial area have been developed since about 1900. The pumpage increased progressively to a peak cf about U7, 000, 000 gallons a day early in I9I42. Late in 19h2 the punipage was decreased by about 13,000,000 gallons a day and in 19hS was 3a, 000, 000 gallons a day. From 19U2 to 19^5 the puinpage outside the industrial area increased from about 3,000,000 to 5,000,000 gallons a day. The total pumpage in 19hS for the entire area was 39,000,000 gallons a day. The pumpage, in gallons a day, from each water-bearing formation, is approximately: pre-Cambrian crystalline rocks, 1,000,000; Patuxent formation, 30,000,000; Patapsco formation, 6,000,000; and Pleistocene deposits, 3,000,000. Originally the artesian head in the aquifers generally was within a few feet of the land surface, but with the progressive increase in pumpage during I9U0 to 19ii2 the artesian head in the Patuxent and Patapsco formations, in and near the centers of pumpage, declined respectively to as much as I60 and 190 feet below the land surface. The decrease in pumpage late in 19U2 resulted in a rise in the artesian head; and at present, in most of the industrial area, the artesian head in the Patuxent and Patapsco formations ranges, respectively, from about I4O to 100 and 10 to 50 feet below the land surface. Detailed records of water-level fluctuations in observation wells show that during 19k3-19h^ the general trend of water levels in most parts of the area was either slightly upward or essentially horizontal. The ground water in the Baltimore area normally has a low mineral content, but the lowering of the water table or artesian head has caused salt water, chiefly from the Patapsco River estuary, to enter the aquifers and spread laterally throughout a large part of the industrial area« Industrial wastes, chiefly sulfuric acid, also have contaminated the ground water in a small part of the industrial area. The contamination of aquifers through leaking wells is a serious ground-water problem in the industrial area. As the artesian head in the Patuxent formation is lower than it is in the Patapsco formation or Pleistocene deposits, highly mineralized water may enter a well through a defective casing or move downward outside an improperly sealed casing and contaminate the water in the Patujcent formation. Although this problem is now serious, the repair of leaking active wells and effective plugging of abandoned wells would appreciably reduce this contamination in a relatively short time. Practically all ground water pumped in the Baltimore area is derived from precipitation on the outcrops of the aquifers. The potential rate of recharge to the aquifers in the Coastal Plain exceeds the theoreti- cal maximum quantity of water that can be transmitted, through them. The rate of recharge, therefore, does not limit the quantity of water that can be pumped in the artesian part of the area., The concentration of pui-nping has caused the water table or artesian head in the Patuxent formation to be so low in and near some of the centers of pumping that very little additional water can be developed from that formation in those parts of the ind.ustrial area. The water table or artesian head between the centers of pumping, however, is relatively high and if the wells were spaced at greater distances additional water could, be pumped. The heavy pumping from the Patuxent formation, chiefly in and near its outcrop adjacent to the Patapsco River estuary, has caused local encroachiuent of salt water. However, as pumping in and near that part of the outcrop area prevents most of the salt water now in the formation from moving to major well fields in the other industrial districts, it would not be advisable to decrease or discontinue this pumping. Heavy pumping over a period of many years throughout the industrial area has caused local encroachment of salt water in the Patapsco forma- tion, so that most of the pumping from the formation has been discontinued. The present pujnpage is chiefly from the aquifer in the lower part of the formation in the southeastern part of the area where a large part of the water is derived from areas in which the Patapsco formation contains fresh water. Although this pumping is still causing encroaciiment of salt water, it would not be desirable to discontinue the pumping at least until all leaking wells drilled to the Patuxent formation are repaired or plugged. Even if the pumping were discontinued, many decades would pass before the salt water in the formation would be flushed out. It would, not be advisable, however, to develop additional supplies of ground water from this formation in the industrial districts up dip as they are near the main source of contamination. The economic value of ground water in the industrial area is different for various types of uses and. there is little uniformity in the chemical quality of water that can be usedc The application of the term safe yield in the sense that it represents a single rate of pumping for the entire industrial area would be unrealistic. It is apparent that owing to the contamination of the water the safe yield has been exceeded for some industries. Source: Bennett R. R. and Meyer R. R. 1952. Geology and Ground-Water Resources of the Baltimore Area: Maryland Department Geology, Mines and Water Resources. Bulletin h» APPENDIX H THE WATm RESOURCES OF BALTDIORE AtTD KARFORD COUNTIES The Ground-Water Resources of the Piedmont Part by R, J. Dingman and H. F. Ferguson - Abstract - Baltimore and Harford Counties lie in two physiographic provinces, the Coastal Plain to the southeast and the Piedmont to the north- west. This report deals with the Piedmont province, ,/jhere the rocks are largely hard Precaxubrian or lower Paleczioc schist, quartzite, granite, gabbro, marble, and phyllite. Ground water in the crystalline rocks generally occurs under water-table conditions, although artesian conditions exist locally. The source of all ground water in the area is precipitation. The precipitation averages about l\.3 inches per year and is generally rather evenly distributed throughout the year. More than 70 per cent of the drilled wells have yields of 10 gallons per minute or less, and only 2 per cent have yields in excess of 50 gallons per minute^ The Baltimore Gneiss is an important aquifer in which the yields of 116 wells range from 0 to 110 gallons per minute and average a little better than 10 gallons per minute, A value for the coeffi- cient of transmissibility obtained from a pumping test of a well in the gneiss was about 5*000 gallons per day per foot. The Wissaliickon formation is divided into two rock types, an oligoclase-mica facies and an albite- chlorite facies. The yields of more than 230 wells in the oligoclase-mica facies average better than 11 gallons per minute. Generally, the best wells are in areas where the rocks are deeply weathered. The average yield of 76 wells ending in the albite-chlorite facies is 10 gallons per minute. The average depth of the wells in the Wissahickon is 92 feet. The Cockeys- ville marble is the best squifer in the area. The marble weathers to a sand or sandy clay to depths locally in excess of 100 feet. The yields of 55 wells ending in the marble range from less than 1 to 80 gallons per minute and average about 19 gallons per minute. The average depth of wills in the marble is about 210 feet. The yields of wells are related to the topographic situation. The best wells are in the valleys and the poorest are on hilltops* The total use of ground water in the area is about h million gallons per day, most of which is used for domestic or agricultural purposes. There are no public supplies (municipa]) from a ground-water source in the Piedmont section of either county, although formerly several communities had public water supplies derived from wells. The chemical character of the ground water is generally satisfactoiy for most uses, as shown by 61 chemical analyses of water from wells or springs. Dissolved solids in 5l samples average 105 parts per million. The hardness in 60 samples averages 59 parts per million. The hardest water is obtained from wells or springs in marble. The iron content is generally low, but it ranges from 0 to 3-^ parts per million. Additional ground-water supplies are available for rural and domestic use, but supplies for industrial and irrigation use are limited to an estimated maximum of a fexv hundred thousand, gallons a day. Source: Dingman, R. J. and Ferguson, H. F. 1956, The Ground-Water Resources of the Piedmont part, in The VJater Resources in Baltimore and Harford Counties. Maryland Depar-tment of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 17, pp, 1-128 APPKIDIX H THE GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF CALVERT COUNTI by Robert M. Overbeck - Abstract - Calvert County is in southern Maryland, and hence in the Western Shore portion of the Coastal Plain province. The Chesapeake Bay lies along the eastern side of the county and the Patuxent River along its western side. Rocks that crop out in Calvert County are of Pleistocene, Miocene, and Eocene age. The Pleistocene formations consist of sand and sandy clay, but contain minor amounts of gravelj those of Miocene age consist chiefly of sandy clay, and at places are very fossiliferous and diatomaceousj the outer x.^pping Eocene formation (Nanjenoy) consists chiefly of greensand. The Miocene and Eocene formations have strikes varying between north and east and very loijf Carroll and Frederick Counties include electric and temperature lagging and current- meter surveys. Drilling-time logs also were made. Aquifer tests and well- performance tests, particularly specific -capacity step tests, were made to determine the performance characteristics of wells and the water- bearing ability of aquifers. Periodic measurements of water levels in wells show that ground- water levels fluctuate in a more or less uniform pattern from year to year, the levels being highest in the late winter and early spring and lowest in the late summer and early fall. The yields of wells vary T-jith the amount of ground water in storage. When droughts occur d.uring periods when ground-water replenishment normally begins, well yields may be seriously reduced. The water-level observations show no overall long-term upward or downward trend. In a few localities heavy pumping has lowered ground-water levels appreciably, reducing well yields. Chemical analyses of well and spring water show that few problems of chemical quality of ground water exist in Carroll and Frederick Counties. The siliceous rocks yield I'jater generally low in mineral content, with the exception of the Triassic sediments which yield hard, water. The carbonate rocks yield, hard water. Locally, high ir-on concentration may be an objection- able feature. Ground-water temperatures fluctuate seasonally, but generally not more than a degree or two. The average ground-water temperature is 53°F. Source: Meyer, Gerald. 1958, The Ground-Water Resources, in The Water Resources of Carroll and Frederick Counties. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 22, pp. 1-228 I APPENDIX H GROUl^D-WATER RESOUUCSS OF CHARLES COMTI by R. M. Overbeck - Abstract - The close relation between the occurrence of ground water and the geology of a region was pointed out. In the early part of this report the geolog^^ of Charles County is describedo The purpose of this section is to show specifically how the geology and the occurrence of ground water are related in Charles County, In Charles County the rocks are unconsolidated, sand., clay, gravel, and greensand. The openings in which ground water occurs are the pore spaces between the particles of clay, sand and, gravel, vxhich make up the beds. Since clays generally are of low penrieability, they d.o not serve as aquifers or water supplying bedsj thus the principal aquifers are the sand and gravel beds. Since, too, the rocks are unconsolidated, rain or snow water, which are the chief sources of ground water, will sink rapidly into them. It was shown that the older formations have a low dip or inclination toward the southeast. This together with the alternation of sand and. clay beds affords the necessary condition for the occurrence of water under pressure or artesian water. In Charles County the principal water-bearing rocks are of Pleistocene, Eocene and Cretaceous age. Source: Overbeck, R. M. I9I48. Ground-Water Resources, in The Physical Features of Charles County. Maryland. Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, pp. 136-l8]4. APPENDIX H GROUl^JD-V/ATER RESOURCES OF CIl/vRLES COWITI by R. M. Overbeck - Abstract - The close relation between the occurrence of ground water and the geology of a region was pointed out. In the early part of this report the geology of Charles County is describedo The purpose of this section is to show specifically how the geology and the occurrence of ground water are related in Charles Count;/. In Charles County the rocks are unconsolidated sand, clay, gravel, and green sand. The openings in x^^hich ground water occurs are the pore spaces between tlie particles of clay, sand and gravel, which make up the beds. Since clays generally are of low permeability, they do not serve as aquifers or water supplying bedsj thus the principal aquifers are the sand and gravel beds. Since, too, the rocks are unconsolidated, rain or snow water, which are the chief sources of ground water, will sink rapidly into thern. It was shown that the older formations have a low dip or inclination toward the southeast. This together with the alternation of sand and clay beds affords the necessary condition for the occurrence of water under pressure or artesian water. In Charles County the principal water-bearing rocks are of Pleistocene, Eocene and Cretaceous age* Source: Overbeck, R. M. 19hQ. Ground-Water Resources, in The Physical Features of Charles County, Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, pp. I38-I8I1.. APPKTOIji H THE lAJATER REoOUHCiiS OF HOWARD AilD MONTOaiERY GOUl^TIES The Ground-Water Resources-;*- by Ro J. Dingman and Gerald Meyer - Abstract - Howard and. Montgoinery Counties are in central Maryland, just west of a line joining Washington, D. C., and Baltimore, They are within the Piedmont province except for a narrow zone in the Coastal Plain province along the eastern edge of Howard County. The Piedmont part is underlain by crystalline rocks of pre-Cambrian (?) and early Paleozoic age and, in the western part of Montgomery County, by consolidated sedimentary rocks of Late Triassic age. The Coastal Plain part of Howard County is under- lain by unconsolidated sedimentary rocks of Early Cretaceous age. In places thin unconsolidated sedimentary deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary ages cap hills, form valley-side terrace deposits, and occur as valley alluvium. Approximately U, 500,000 gallons of ground water are pumped daily in Howard and Montgomery Counties. As most of the area is underlain by crystalline rocks, they are utilized more extensively for ground-water supplies than are the sedimentary rocks » The ground water occurs essen- tially under water-table conditions, but artesian conditions occur locally. Ground water is stored and. transmitted chiefly through fractures in the unweathered crystalline and indurated sedimentary rocks, and. tnrough intergranular interstices in the weathered mantle rock and the ■K- The geologic nomenclature in this report is that of the Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources and differs somewhat from the official usage of the U. S. Geological Survey. unconsolidated sedimentary rocks. Depths of wells in the crystalline rocks range from 20 to 7^0 feet and yield.s range from a fraction of a gallon to about l80 gallons per minute. Specific capacities range from less than 0.1 to 7.5 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown. The magnitude of well yields is related to depth of the well, its topographic position and geologic setting, and the thickness of the weathered-rock mantle in its vicinity. Stream-flow and precipitation data for the Rock Creek basin show that over long periods of time the discharge from, or effective recharge to, the ground-water reservoir of the basin is about 20 per cent of pre- cipitation and, loss by evaporation and transpiration is about 71 per cent of precipitation. Measurements of water levels in observation wells show no appreciable net change in most wells. Locally, heavy pumping or cessation of heavy pumping have resulted in declines and, rises, respectively, in water levels. Seasonal fluctuations correlate vdth precipitation and changes in rates of evaporation and, transpiration. The chemical character of the ground water is related to the chemical composition of the rocks. In general, the water is low in mineral content and, is satisfactory for most usesj but locally the water is corrosive, contains large amounts of iron, or is hard. Source: Dingman, R. J. and Meyer, Gerald, 195U, The Ground-Water Resources, in The VJater Resources of Howard and Montgomery Counties. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources. Bulletin lU, pp. 1-139 APPE^IDIX H QROUND-WiTEIl RESOlfRCES OF PRINCE GSCRGE'S COUI^rTI by Gerald Meyer - Abstract - Prince George's County is in the south-central part of Maryland near the western shore of Chesapeake Bay. The county is almost entirely within the Coastal Plain province; pre-Cainbrian crystalline rocks which character- ize the Piedmont Plateau are exposed only in some stream valleys near the north-western edge of the county. The geologic formations of the Coastal Plain in Prince George's County are of Early and Late Cretaceous, Paleocene, Eocene, Miocene^ Pliocene (?), and. Pleistocene age and consist chiefly of unconsolidated sand, gravel, and clay. Excepting the Pliocene (?) and Pleistocene deposits, which for™ a thin cover over the older formations, the Coastal Plain formations strike northeast and. dip gently to the south- east. Ground water occurs under water-table conditions in and near the outcrops of the formations and under artesian conditions doxm dip from the outcrops 0 During 19i49 and 1950 approximately Ij, 000, 000 to 5,000,000 gallons of ground water a day was pumped from wells in Prince George's County; about 65 per cent of this purupage was used for domestic, agricultural, and public supplies and. about 3^ per cent for industrial and other commer- cial purposes. The important water oearing formations are the Patuxent, Patapsco, and Magothy formations, the Aquia greensand, and the Pliocene (?) and Pleistocene deposits. The Patuxent formation generally yields about 10 gallons a minute to domestic wells, but a few public-supply and industrial wells yield as much as 2^0 to $kO gallons a minute. The total pumpage from this forma- tion is approximately 1,000,000 gallons a day. Most wells ending in the Patapsco formation yield between 10 and 60 gallons a minute, but one well at Fort V/ashington is reported to yield 137 gallons a minute. The total pumpage from this formation is approximately 1,000,000 gallons a day. Wells ending in the Magothy formation generally yield 20 to BO gallons a minute, but a well near Cheltenham is reported to yield 239 gallons a minute and a public-supply well at Upper Marlboro, 180 gallons a minute. Approximately 700,000 gallons of water a day is pumped from the Magothy formation. Yields of wells ending in the Aquia greensand range from 6 to 65 gallons a minute. The total pumpage from this formation is approximately 100,000 gallons a day. The Pliocene (?) and Pleistocene deposits are the chief source of ^^Iater for domestic and, farm use. Although the largest yield reported from wells ending in these deposits is only 12 gallons a minute, the total pumpage is approximately 1,300,000 gallons a day. Old. records of water-level measurements compared, to recent measure- ments indicate that pumping has caused the piezometric surfaces to decline locally since the early part of the twentieth centurj'-, but in general periodic measurements made in observation wells show little net change in water levels during 19u3-50. The chemical character of the ground water is satisfactory for most uses, but in some places the water is acidic or contains a large amount of iron. Source: Meyer, Gerald, 1952, Ground-Water Resources in Geology and VJater Resources of Prince George's County. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources. Bulletin 10. pp. 82-25^4. I APPS'IDIX H WATER RSSOUHCES OF ST. HARY'S COUKTI GROUND-WATER RESOURCES by H, F. Ferguson - Abstract - Sto Mary's County forms the southernmost part of the Western Shore of Maryland. Tidal water of the Chesapeake Bay and adjoining estuaries surrounds the county on the northeast, east, south, and west; Charles County adjoins it on the northwest. The county lies entirely tdthin the Coastal Plain province and. is underlain by unconsolid.ated sediments of Early and Late Cretaceous, Paleocene, Eocene, Miocene, and Pleistocene ages. These sediments consist chiefly of sand, clay, and. gravel. With the exception of the Pleistocene deposits, which are essentially flat lying and form a thin cover over the underlying formations, the Coastal Plain formations dip gently to the east and southeast. In general, ground, water occurs under water-table conditions in the Pleistocene sediments and under artesian conditions in the underlying formations. The Coastal Plain sediments are 2,000 to 3^000 feet thick in St. Mary's County and. contain maiiy water-bearing formations; however, only the water-bearing formations in the Upper Cretaceous, Eocene, and. Pleistocene deposits are utilized as sources of ground, water. Most of the wells are less than 500 feet deep and. draw water chiefly from one or another of three aquifers, the Aquia greensand. of Eocene age, the Nan- jemoy formation and sediiTients of Jackson age, also of Eocene age, and. the Pleistocene sediments. The Aquia greensand yields water to domestic and farm wells in the northern and, western parts of the county and to most of the public-supply wells. The communities of LeonardtoT^m, Lexington Park, and St. Clerr^ent Shores and the Patu::ent Naval Air Station and the Naval base at Piney Point obtain a total of 1,500,000 to 2,000,000 gallons of water a day from the Aquia greensand. The Nanjemoy formation and the sediments of Jackson age yield water to d.omestic, farm, and some public- supply wells in the central and southern parts of the county. Approximately 1,000,000 gallons a day is pumped, from this aquifer. The Pleistocene sediments yield- adequate supplies of water for most domestic and farm wells in the upland, parts of the county; the total pumpage is estimated at i400,0G0 to 500,000 gallons a day. Water-level measurements and old. records of water levels indicate that pumping has caused the artesian head, of the artesian aquifers to decline in areas of heavy pumping. Water-level fluctuations in the water- table wells are caused chiefly by the seasonal and. annual variations in precipitation . The chemical character of the ground water is satisfactory for most uses. The Aquia greensand. yields moderately hard calcium bicarbonate water in the northern part of the county and. soft sodium bicarbonate water in the central and. southern parts. The aquifer comprising the Nanjemoy formation and sediments of Jackson age yields moderately hard calcium bicarbonate water in the central part of the county and soft sodium bicarbonate water in the southern part. The Pleistocene sediments contain water usually low in total mineral content, but locally excessive in iron. Water-bearing sands are present in formations of Cretaceous age below the Eocene formations but are tapped, by few wells at present because the Eocene aquifers have furnished adequate supplies to meet the needs so far. The Cretaceous aquifers constitute an important potential source of ground water in the county. Source: Ferguson, H, F., 1953. Ground-Water Resources, in V/ater Resources of St. Mary's County. Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources. Bulletin 11, 195 pp. APPEIMDIX H G-ROmro-WATER RESOURCES OF TH3 SOUTHERIJ MMYLMD GOaSTaL PLAIN by E. G. Otton - Abstract - The Southern Maryland, area, comprising the five counties of Anne Arundel, Prince George's, Calvert, Charles, and St. Mary's, includes more than 1,900 square miles, and had a population of about 375,000 in 1950. The area lies vjithin the Coastal Plain physiographic province and has a maximum relief of only about i;60 feet. Approximately 60 per cent of Southern Maryland is farmland. Tobacco is tne chief crop. The sedimentary rocks of Southern Maryland consist of sand, gravel, clay, sandy clay, shell beds, and marl, which range in geologic age from Early Cretaceous to Recent. They are underlain by a "floor" or "basement" of hard crystalline rocks, chiefly pre-Cambrian , The crystalline-rock floor slopes gently southeast from the Fall Zone along the northwestern boundary of the Coastal Plain, or roughly along U. S. Route 1 between Balti- more and, Ivashington, I*. C. The sedimentary rocks thicken wedge-like southeastward to a thickness of more than 3^000 feet at Solomons Island at the mouth of the Patuxent River in Calvert County. The Patuxent, Patapsco, Raritan, and. Magothy formations of Cretaceous age are the most important aquifers in the area. The yields of wells tapping the sand and gravels in these formations are, in a few localities, greater than 1,000 gallons per minute. The aquia greensand and the Narjemoy formation of Eocene age are the chief aquifers in Calvert and St. Mary's Counties although the yields of wells are seldom more than UOQ gallons a minute. Many of the dug wells supplying farms and rural residents yield $ to 20 gallons a minute from the sands and, gravels of Pliocene (?) and Pleistocene age. Local precipitation is the source of essentially all ground water in Southern Maryland. The water in dug and drilled wells occurs under both water-table and. artesian conditions. Some ground water moves vertically between the essentially horizontal beds, indicating the existence of so-called "leaky" aquifers. In some of the tid.ewater areas flowing wells are obtained when the deeper artesian strata are penetrated. In a few localities the artesian head has declined so that wells which formerly flovjed at the land, surface must now be pumped. Of the slightly more than 20 million gallons of ground water pumped, or discharged, d.aily d.uring 1951 in Southern Maryland, about 11-|- million gallons {Sk per cent) was used for domestic and, rural consumption, about B 1/3 million gallons (2U per cent) for military and institutional purposes, and, the remainder, h^ million gallons (22 per cent) was for public-supply and commercial purposes » The Patapsco and Raritan formations furnished, about 6 3A million gallons (more than 30 per cent) and the Aquia greensand, the next important aquifer, furnished a little less than I|. million gallons (about 18 per cent). The remainder, about 11 million gallons a day, was withdrawn chiefly from tiie Patu>:ent, Magothy, and. Nanjemoy formations, and, from deposits of Pliocene (?) and. Pleistocene age. Chemical analyses of about 275 samples of water from the major aquifers show the quality of the ground water is satisfactory for most uses. In a few localities the iron content is excessive (as much as 30 parts per million), and treatment for iron removal is necessary even for domestic use. Some of the water in eastern Anne Arundel County and northern Prince George's County contains free acid and has a low pH. The hardness of the water from most aquifers is below 100 parts per million. The chloride and nitrate contents of uncontaminated water are commonly below 25 parts per million. The relation of the chemical character of the water to the geology and hydrology of the area is discussed. Base exchange, or natural water softening, taltes place in some of the water-bearing strata. On the basis of hydrologic and geologic data from pumping tests, well records sample studies, and piezometric and geologic maps, the available ground-water supplies in four subareas of the Southern Maryland peninsula were estimated. The estiinates indicate the untapped ground-water supplies are extensive and constitute one of the most valuable natural resources of the area. The report contains records of representative wells, drillers' logs, and. sample-study logs of key weLls, Source: Otton, Ee G. 1955. Ground-Water Resources of the Southern Maryland Coastal Plain. Maryland Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources. Bulletin 15. APPMDIX H GROUNJJ WAT3R Ii^' MAEYLMD PIEDMONT by C, L, McGuinness The Piedmont is undex-lain by crystalline and. sedimentary rocks which are generally reliable sources of the small supplies, 5 to 10 gpm, needed for domestic and stock supply. A few we31s yield as much as 200 gpm. Limestone and. marble, and sandstone and. shale of the Triassic belt, are the sources of many of the larger supplies. Rather commonly, the yields of the more productive wells tend to decrease if the pumping is heavj- and continuous. In a few localities, even domestic supplies are hard to get; well yields are low and. water levels decline under prolonged pumping. Informa- tion is needed on the principles of occurrence of water in the crystalline rocks to explain these poorly productive localities and. to enable predicting the best x-xell sites in them. The ground water is generally of good quality except that some of it is slightly corrosive, high in iron, or, locally in areas of limestone or marble, excessively hard. The total pumpage of ground water in the area, which covers about three-tenths of the State, was about 18 mgd in i960. This is only a small fraction of the total that could be pumped from wells distributed over the whole area. Source: McGuinness, C. L. 1963. The Role of Ground Water in the National Situation. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper I8OO, pp. 39Q-399* i I 1 i APPEJJDIX H GROUND WATER IN MARYLAND COASTAL PLAIN, WESTERN SHORE* by C. L. McGuirness On the Western Shore the yields of wells developed and equipped for maximum capacity range from a few hundred gallons per minute to as much as 1,200 gpm in the most favorable areas. Along the Fall Line the yields are small because the sediments are thin and also are dissected and tend to drain out rapidly. In the southwestern part of the Maryland Coastal Plain, from Washington, D, C, down to Indian Head, the water-bearing sands are generally thin and fine grained and well yields tend, to be small. Water levels are declining in localities where pumping is heavy. The northern part of the Western Shore is more productive, at least where developed to date. Pumping is concentrated largely in the Baltimore industrial area and in the northern half of Anne Arundel County, and there is substantial pumping at military installations scattered over the whole Western Shore. The total pumpage on the Western Shore in I96O was about 5U mgd, about half of which was puitiped. at Baltimore, The total is likely to increase substantially in the future, and the available reports will help to promote the additional development by showing the areas within each county where the prospects are best. The water from the oldest sediments, the Cretaceous, commonly is slightly acid, corrosive, and high in iron content. As much as $0 ppra •K- As used by McGuinness, the Western Shore area includes the Coastal Plain portions of Harford, Baltimore, Aiine Arundel, Calvert, Prince George's, Charles, and St. Mary's Counties, and of Baltimore City. of iron has been measured in wells near Washington, D, C,^ a highly excessive value when the Public Health Service's recommended limit of 0,3 ppm for iron and. manganese together is considered. The average iron content is much less, but it commonly exceeds 0,3 Ppm. Baltimore obtains its public water supply from two impounding reservoirs on the stream known as Gunpowder Falls and one on the Patapsco River, The average daily intake of raw xjater in I960 was 211 mgd. About 2U mgd of ground water is pumped, nearly all from industrial and commercial wells. About 70 mgd of treated seijage is used by industry, most of it at a steel mill at Sparrows Point, Saline water has encroached from the Patapsco River Estuary into the shallower Cretaceous aquifers along the shore in a large part of the Baltimore area. The ground, water is contaminated also by industrial wastes which enter the aquifers through the corroded, leaky casings of wells r The pumping in the industrial area, formerly heavier, has become more or less stabilized at the present rate as a consequence of the contamination that has already occurred and of its tendency to spread, at higher rates of pumping. The public water supply is to be supplemented about I963 by water brought in a conduit from the Susquehanna River. The new supply will add about 500 mgd to the reliable yield, noxj estimated at 2J43 mgd, A comprehensive quantitative report on ground water in the Balti- more area is available (Bennett and iieyer, 1952), but the vjork needs to be updated by means of an inventory of pumpage and quality-of -water data. Source: McGuinness, C. L, I963. The Role of Ground inJater in the National Situation, Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper I8OO, pp, 399-l|00).