' ft <—^ <.3 f3r\ -^Va FRANKLIN INSTITUTE LIBRARY PHILADELPHIA Class Book Accession REFERENCE JOHNA.SEAVERNS Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Boston Library Consortium IVIember Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/patentsforinventOOgrea PATENTS FOE INVENTIONS. ABEIDGMENTS OF SPECIFICATIONS, CLASS 62, HARNESS AND SADDLERY Period— A.D. 1855-1866. LONDON: PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, By love & MALCOMSON, Ltd., 4 & 5, Dean Street, W.C. Published at the PATENT OFFICE, 25, Southampton Buildings, Chancbky Lane, London, W.C. 1905, 1855] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1866 EXPLANATORY NOTE. The contents of this Abridgment Class may be seen from its Subject-matter Index. For further information as to tlie classification of the subject-matter of inventions, reference should be made to the Ahridgment-Class and Index Key, published at the Patent Office, 25, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C., price Is., postage 6d. It should be borne in mind that the abridgments are merely intended to serve as guides to the Specifications, which must themselves be consulted for the details of any particular invention. Printed Specifications, price 8d., may be purchased at the Patent Office, or ordered by post, no additional charge being made for postage. SUBJECT-MATTEB INDEX. Abridgments are printed in the chronological order of the Specifications to which they refer, and this index quotes only the year and number of each Specification. Animal clippers. See Horse clippers &c. Animals, Stocks and like appliances for holding-. '59. 1490. '63. 1852. Backhands. See Harness &c. Bags or nosebags. See Harness &c. Bags, Saddle. See Harness &c. Bellybands. See Harness &c. Bits for animals. See Harness &c. Blindfolding-appliances for animals. See Harness &c. Blinkers, Bridle. See Harness &c. Boots, Horse. See Harness &c. 878 Brackets and stands for harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Breaking - in horses and other animals. See Training &c. Breeching. See Harness &c. Bridles. See Harness &c. Brushing-apparatus for grooming. See Harness &c. Cart-saddles. See Harness &c. Clippers, Horse and like. See Horse clippers &c. Clothing for animals. See Harness &c Collars, Dog and like. See Dog collars &c. 1855] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1866 Collars, Horse. See Harness &c. Combs for animals. See Harness &c. Currycombs. See Harness &e. Dogr collars, couples, leashes, leaders, and tlie like. '56. 2225. '60, 387. '65. 1476. 3334. buckles. See Abridgment Glass Fastenings, Dress, fabrics for. See Abridgment Class Weaving &c. hooks. »S'ee Abridgment Glass Nails &c. leather, manufacture of. See Abridgment Glass Leather, locks for. See Abridgment Class Fastenings, Lock &c. Dog muzzles. See Muzzles for animals. Dog slips. See Dog collars &c. Driving-whips. See Harness &c. Dumb-jockeys. See Harness &c. Fallen horses, Harness for releasing and raising. See Harness &c. Girths, Saddle. See Harness &c. Grooming animals, Appliances for. See Harness &c. Hair clippers. See Horse clippers &c. Halters for animals. See Harness &c. Hames. See Harness &c. Harness and saddlery, [inchiding Clothing for animals] : awls for sewing. See Abridgment Class Sewing &c. back and belly bands. '55. 1488. 2228. '56. 1856. '58. 363. 3004. '59. 2962. '60. 2249. '64. 1881. '66. 3132. fastening. See fastening below. bellybands. See back and belly bands above. bits. '55. 2480. '56. 1768. 2846. '57. 602. '58. 1014. 2045. 2597. '59. 529. 890. '60. 640. 713. 1669. 2863. '61. 2891. 3113. '62. 573. 607. 928. '63. 1705. 2900. '64. 1059. '65. 66. 1617. fastening. See fastening below. blacking for. See Abridgment Glass Boots &c. blindfolding-appliances. See bridles &c. below. blinkers. See bridles &c. below. boots. See horse-boots belotv. brackets and stands for. '55. 1354. '57. 2777. '59 1350. '64. 1846. Harness and saddlery — cont. breast collars. See collars, breast below. breeching. '56. 2846. '57. 2497. '60. 2181. '61. 1102. '64. 2925. fastening. See fastening below. bridles and halters. '55. 1852. 2153. 2480. 2615. '56. 995. 1434. 1856. 2846. '58. 1014. 2597. 2709. '59. 22. 42. 379. 529. 1184. 1796. 2117. '60. 191. 207. 737. 1362. 1519. 1881. '61. 13. 1624. 3113. '62. 573. 607. 1628. '63. 1142. 1705. 2408. 2900. '65. 66. 1617. 2214. 2619. 2658. '66. 1847. attaching halters to stalls. See Abridgment Glass Buildings &c. fastening. See fastening below. brushes. See Abridgment Glass Brushing &c. brushing-apparatus for grooming. '65. 869. 920. 1038. '66. 939. buckles. See Abridgment Glass Fastenings, Dress, cementing. See Abridgment Class Cutting &c. cements for. See Abridgment Glass Starch &c. chains. See materials below. choking-apparatus for checking horses. See bridles &c. above. cleaning and polishing apparatus for. '64. 1059. '66. 2429. clippers. See Horse clippers &c. clothing for animals. '56. 757. '62. 1277. 1968. '63. 730. '64. 2705. fabrics for. See Abridgment Class Weaving &c. fastening. See fastening below. collars, breast. '56. 14. '63. 1229. '65. 2366. '66. 2235. collars, head. See bridles &c. above. collars, neck. '55. 539. '56. 14. 1856. 2568. '57. 397. 527. '58. 1629. 2380. '59. 42. '61. 458. 1102. 1203. '62. 794. 1277. 2648. 2794. '63. 1229. 1785. 2360. 2488. '65. 2366. '66. 2235. fastening. See fastening beloiv. combined with — pumps. '63. 2579. tobacco-pipe cases. '58. 1085. umbrellas and pacasols and like sunshades. '65. 1673. combs, [other than currycombs]. '55. 875. 2332. '56. 2093. '63. 1624. compositions for dressing. See Abridgment Glass Leather, cruppers. See breeching above. crutches, saddle. See saddles below. currycombs. '55. 1277. 1658. '56. 417. '57. 1265 '60. 629. '61. 1451. '63. 1624. '66. 620. dressing-compositions. See Abridgment Glass Leather, dumb-jockeys. See horse breaking and training beloiv. elbow pads. '61. 1073. electric and magnetic. '56. 2093. '62. 745. embossing and stamping. See Abridgment Glass Printing other than letterpress &c. fabrics for. See Abridgment Classes Waterproof and similar fabrics ; Weaving and woven fabrics, fallen horses, fastenings for releasing. See fastening beloiv. fallen horses, raising. '63. 3061. 1855] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1866 Harness and saddlery — cont. fastening — back and bellr bands. '55. 539. 1404. 2228. '56. 1856. '58. 363. 3006. '59. 2309. '61. 605. 1102. '66. 3418. bits. '62. 573. breeching. '55. 1803. '56. 2503. '58. 3006. '59. 621. 2309. '60. 2181. '61. 1102. '63. 462. '64. 2925. '65. 2214. bridles and halters. '56. 1856. '60. 737. 1519. '62. 573. 607. buckle attachments for. '59. 890. '61. 605. '65. 573. 1176. 2871. '63. 730. '64. 2925. '65. 2688. 2802. '66. 3239. buttons for. '59. 1169. '65. 3164. '66. 735. 1249. 2322. chisps for. '55. 539. '58. 3006. clips for. '61. 2177. clothing for animals. '62. 1277. '63. 730. '64. 2705. collars, neck. '55. 539. '58. 1629. '59. 42. '63. 1785. 2360. couplings for. '56. 1856. '63. 687. 1756. '66. 2921. cruppers. See breeching above. draw-bolts for. '55. 1404. 1803. '56. 2246. '57. 2593. '58. 1492. '50. 2309. '61. 1102. '64. 415. '66. 3418. eyes for. '56. 1856. friction-gripping devices for. '65. 2802. hames. '55. 539. 1404. '56. 1856. 2568. '58. 2380. '63. 687. hooks and hook fastenings for. '55. 539. 1058. 1803. '56. 2225. '58. 991. 2380. '59. 621. 890. '60. 1234. '61. 869. '65. 794. 894. '63. 1756. '64. 1630. 2925. '65. 3096. horse-boots. '66. 1360. interlocking parts with sheaths for. '.55. 539. knee-caps. '63. 730. loops for straps for. '57. 915. nailing. >S'ee Abridgment Class Nails &c. nails, spikes, and tacks for. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. pole chains and straps. '56. 1856. 2246. 2503. '58. 2380. '60. 164. 1952. '61. 1102. '63. 1756. '64. 1328. '66. 2921. 3418. polishing pastes and powders. See Abridgment Class Grinding or abrading &c. reins. '55. 539. '60. 1669. reins, bridle. See bridles &c. above. saddle-bars. See saddles below. saddle girths. '55. 539. '61. 2244. '63. 730. slipping-devices for, [other than slip-hooks]. '55. 539. 1404. 1803. '57. 2593. '59. 2011. '60. 164. '62. 894. '63. 2257. '64. 415. 1328. 2925. '66. 1873. 3418. spring attachments for. '56. 2. '57. 2593. '63. 1756. '64. 415. spring catch or snap devices for. '55. 539. '57. 2593. '58. 1492. '59. 548. 1240. '63. 1785. 2271. staples for. '56. 2503. stirrup straps. '57. 2593. '60. 1136. '61. 1660. '65. 1351. 2871. '63. 462. 904. 2579. '66. 1249. saddle-bars. See saddles below. straps and bands, [use not specified]. 'GO. 292. '63. 462. '65. 1222. '66. 1249. Harness and saddlery— cont. fastening — cont. studs for. See buttons &c. above. traces. '55. 539. 1803. '50. 2. 1856. 2246. '57. 915. '58. 1629. 2484. '5.9. 2011. 2309. '60. 164. 1952. 2181. '61. 605. 1102. '62. 794. 894. '63. 462. 1756. 2257. 2579. '64. 415. 1328. 2321. 2925. '65. 2214. 2619. '66. 1873. 3239. 3418. tugs, shaft. '58. 1492. 3006. '59. 81. 2309. '60. 2181. '62. 101. 1176. 1277. '63. 2579. '65. 2214. '66. 3418. wood-screws for. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. girths or rollers. See clothing for animals above. girths, saddle. See saddles below. halters. See bridlps &c. above. hames. See collars, neck above. harnessing, systems of. '59. 2309. '61. 2771. '63. 2179. harness furniture, [unspecified], making. '60. 2857. headstalls. See bridles &c. above. hobbles. '57. 344. 2105. holsters. See saddles below. horse-boots. '55. 1599. '61. 1073. '65. 1894. '63. 2127. '66. 1360. overshoes for roughing horse-shoes. See Abridgment Class Horse-shoes, horse breaking and training. '60. 2112. '61. ITS. '62. 928. '64. 599. 1881. horse cloths. See clothing for animals above. kicking-straps. See breeching above. knee-caps. '56. 14. '61. 1073. '65. 1894. '63. 730. '65. 2423. labels, name-plates, and the like, attaching. '61. 3001. leather, artificial, for. See Abridgment Class Leather, leather-dressing compositions. See Abridgment Class Leather, leather, manufacture of. See Abridgment Class Leather, lining and padding. '55. 1714. '61. 4.58. '65. 2794. '63. 499. 855. 1785. 2579. '64. 1419. '65. 2366. pads. See pads for below. stuffing - materials. See stuffing - materials beloio. loops for straps. See fastening above. martingales. '56. 995. 2846. '58. 2380. '66. 2235. materials, [other than stuffing-materials]. '55. 875. 1555. '56. 14. 855. '57. 527. 2700. '5.9. 42. '60. 191. 207. 339. '61. 1075. '65. 3173. '63. 730. 2579. '64. 599. 2378. '65. 2366. 2630. 3325. '66. 2055. alloys for. See Abridgment Class Metals and alloys. hames. See collars, neck above. measuring for. '63. 2579. nails, spikes, and tacks. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. nosebags and food-containers. '56. 1302. 1434. '57. 344. 1333. '58. 1206. 1317. 1696. '61. 1018. '63. 2636. '66. 1818. 2262. nosebands. See bridles &c. above. 1855] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1866 Harness and saddlery— coi7t. nostril-closing apparatus for checking horses See bridles &c. above. numnahs. See saddles below. ornamenting special articles. See subheadings indicating the articles ornamented. ornaments for unspecified articles. '57. 915. '59. 1796. '60. 339. 640. '65. 3164. '66. 735. 2322. pack-saddles. See saddles heloio. pads, elbow. See elbow pads above. pads for. '56. 49. '57. 527. '60. 1519. '62. 2794. '63. 499. '65. 2366. '66. 2235. patterns and models. '63. 2579. plastic compositions for. See Abridgment Class India-inibber &c. plating metal parts. See Abridgment Classes Electrolysis ; Metals and alloys, pole chains and straps. '56. 1856. '61. 1102. fastening. See fastening above. polishing. See cleaning &c. above. polishing pastes and powders. See Abridgment Class Grinding or abrading &c. preventing horses from falling. '61. 2539. '63. 3061. racks or stands for harness. See brackets &c. above. rein-holders. '56. 2503. '58. 2443. '59. 1894. 2530. '60. 1912. '61. 2272. '62. 380. '64. 1846. '66. 1942. reins, bridle. See bridles &c. above. riveted joints. '63. 2361. riveting machines. '58. 2518. '59. 640. rivets. See Abridgment Glass Nails &c. rollers. See clothing for animals above. rosettes, bridle. See bridles &c. above. runaway horses, releasing. '55. 539. 1404. 1803. '56. 2246. '59. 2011. '60. 164. 1952. '61. 1102. '63. 2257. '64. 415. 1328. 2321. 2925. '65. 2214. '66. 1873. 3418. saddle-bags. See saddles beloiv. saddle-bars. See saddles below. saddle cloths. See saddles beloio. saddle-pads for wearing on the person. See Abridgment Class Wearing-apparel, saddles. '55. 485. 539. 1404. 1555. 1714. 2553. '56. 14. 49. 1302. 2246. 2698. '57. 344, 527. 1892. 2062. 2274. 2528. 2700. '58. 111. 1492. 1834. 2553. 3004. '59. 621. 867. 1018. 1486. 2530. 2962. '60. 292. 1136. 1318. '61. 517. 1075. 2244. 2889. 3274. '62. 461. 1176. 1277. 1351. 2648. 3173. 3473. '63. 499. 730. 855. 904. 1229. 1848. 2179. 2579. 3061. '64. 1419. '65. 239. 2320. 2.366. 2688. 2704. '66. 1249. 1942. 2055. 2235. 3132. fabrics for girths. See Abridgment Class Weaving and Avoven fabrics, fastening girths. See fastening above. stuffing-materials for. See stuffing-materials below. saddle stands and brackets. See brackets &c. above. sewing. See Abridgment Class Sewing &c. sewing-machines for. See Abridgment Class Sewing &c. shaft-tugs. See tugs, shaft above. singeing-apparatus. '56. 193. slings, lifting and like. '59. 1490. '63. 1852. slip-hooks. See fastening above.. Harness and saddlery — cant. small-arms, attaching. '61. 517. spurs and spur-carriers. '55. 294. '58. 2545. 2605. '59. 890. 1479. 2264. '60. 640. 1320. '62. 1612. '63. 2271. 2651. '64. 1881. 2737. stands for. See brackets &c. above. stirrup leathers. See saddles above. stirrup or saddle bars. See saddles above. stirrups. '57. 344. 2593. '59. 890. '60. 640. 1136. '61. 1660. '62. 1735. 2871. '63. 904. '64. 1819. '65. ^11. 1285. stirrup straps, suspending. See saddles above. stopping and controlling runaway and restive animals. '55. 1852. 2153. 2480. 2615. '56. 995. 2846. '57. 2105. '58. 1014. 2597. '59: 22. 379. 529. 1184. 1894. 2117. '60. 207. 1519. 1669. 1881. '61. 13. 1102. 1624. 2272. 3113. '62. 466. 745. 928. 1628. '63. 1705. 2179. 2900. 3061. '65. 589. 1617. 2214. '66. 1847. brakes tor vehicles, applying. See Abridg- ment Class Road vehicles, storing water and other substances in. '63. 2579. straps and bands, [use not s2:)eGified]. '56. 1670. '59. 640. '60. 292. fastening. See fastening above. stuffing-materials. '56. 14. 1612. 2875. '57. 527. '60. 2691. '63. 2579. '64. 2039. '65. 2366. '66. 2235. sun and weather screens. '55. 130. surcingles. See clothing for animals above. tail ties, protectors, and the like, [other than breeching attachments]. '63. 2179. terrets and like guide-rings. '56. 2503. '57. 397. 915. '62. 1277. toys. See Abridgment Class Toys &c. traces. '56. 2. 49. 1856. '58. 111. '59. 42. '60. 191. '63. 2579. '65. 2619. 3334. '66. 3239. fastening. See fastening above. tugs, hame. See collars, neck above. tugs or traces. See traces above. tugs, shaft. '58. 1492. '59. 81. 2309. '60. 2181. '61. 1102. '62. 101. 1176. 1277. '63. 2579. '66. 3132. 3418. fastening. See fastening above. twitches, pirns, and the like. See stopping &c. above. veils for animals. See bridles &c. above. ventilation. '56. 757. '63. 1229. '64. 1419. 2705. waterproofing. See Abridgment Class Water- proof &c. fabrics, whip-hanging devices. See brackets &c. above. whips and hunting-crops. '55. 714. 875. '56. 1638. 1818. 2578. '58. 378. 1085. 1553. '59. 1158. '60. 339. 2661. 3163. '61. 853. 1157. 2482. 3001. '63. 1452. '64. 40. 1072. 1508. 2823. '65. 1673. 3325. '66. 2371. bone, artificial, for. See Abridgment Class India-rubber &c. cane substitutes for. See Abi'idgment Cla,ss India-rubber &c. moulding from plastic and powdered sub- stances. See Abridgment Class Moulding &c. plastic compositions for See Abridgment Class India-rubber &c. whalebone substitutes for. S^^ Abridgment Class India-rubber &c. . vi' 1855] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. 1866 Harness and saddlery— cont. whip-sockets and like whip-holders. '55. 875. 2288. '56. 2578. '57. 2592. '58. 378. '59. 1158. '60. 282. 2661. 2717. 3163. '61. 853. '64. 1840. '65. 3334. Headstalls. See Harness &e. Hitching or tethering animals. See Tethering animals. Hobbles for animals. See Harness &c. Holsters. See Harness &c. Horse-boots. See Harness &c. Horse clippers and the like. '59. 2953. '65. 973. 2172. '66. 1645. 2796. Horse clothing. See Harness &c. Horse-collars. See Harness &c. Horse-droppings, Devices for catching. See Harness &c. Horse-gears. See Ahriclciment Class Animal- power engines &c. Horses, Attaching to and releasing from road vehicles. See Harness &c. Horses, Grooming, Brushing-apparatus for. See Harness &e. Horses, Preventing from falling. See Harness &e. Horses, Runaway, Stopping and controlling. See Harness &c. Horses, Training and breaking-in. See Training &c. Hunting-crops or whips. See Harness &e. Knee-caps for animals. See Harness &c. Ziassos and catching--appliances for dog-s and other animals. '.56. 501. '57. 3055. Martingales. See Harness &c. Nosebags for animals. See Harness &c. Numnahs. See Harness &c. Pack-saddles. See Harness &c. Pads for harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Picketing or tethering animals. See Tethering animals. Polishing harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Racks or stands for harness. See Harness &c. Reins and rein-holders. Sec Harness &c. Riding-whips. See Harness &e. Rollers or clothing for animals. See Harness &c. Rosettes, Harness. See Harness &c. Runaway horses, Releasing and stopping. See Harness &c. Saddle-bags. See Harness &c. Saddle cloths. See Harness &c. Saddle-horses or stands. See Harness &c. Saddles and girths. See Harness &c. Screens for animals, Sun and weather See Harness &c. Shaft-tuffs, See Harness &c. Shearing or clipping machines. See Horse clippers &c. Shepherds' crooks. See Lassos &c. Singeing-apparatus for horses. See Harness &e. Snaffle bits. See Harness &c. Spurs. See Harness &e. Stirrups and stirrup-leathers. See Harness &c. Stocks for holding animals. See Animals, Stocks &c. for holding. Stopping runaway horses. See Harness &e. Tii 1855] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1866 Straps and bands, Harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Stuffing-materials for harness. See Harness &c. Sun screens for animals. See Harness &e. Taming horses and other animals. See Training &c. Terrets and like guide-rings. See Harness &c. Tethering- animals. '62. 2647. Exceptmg Harness &c. ; for which see that heading. dog chains. See dog collars &e. ropes and cords for. See Ahridgment Class Ropes &c. stable fittings. See Ahridgment Class Build- ings &c. Throwing animals, Harness for. See Harness &c. Traces. See Harness &c. Training* and breaking--in horses and other animals. '58. 2568. '62. .337. Excepting Harness &c., {horse hreaMug and training) ; Road vehicles ; for which see those headings. Tugs, Harness. See Harness &c Weather screens attached to harness. See Har- ness &c. Whips and whip sockets. See Harness &c. ym 1855] NAME INDEX. [1866 NAME INDEX. Tne names in italics are those of persons by whom inventions have been communicated to the applicants for Letters Patent. Achet,— '59. 529 Adams,H '56. 2698 Addison, J '62.2647 Adie, P '66. 2796 Allen, F '60. 2112 AUender, J. F... '65. 1222. 2802 Angelini,A '65. 2366 Angus, J '59. 1018 Antognini, B '62. 1612 Armengaud, J. E '63. 904 Arnal, A '58. 1206 Ashley, J '61. Till Austin, W '62. 3173 Balans, E '64. 1630 Balnj^ A '63. 2900 Barnwell, S '60. 2249 Bartenhach, L. G '64. 1819 Bayer, L '56. 1612. 2875 Beard, W. .....'60. 339 Beaiijouan, A. '61. 458 Becker, N. de '65. 1673 Beckley, G '57. 2700 Beguin, J. F. F '63. 2179 Bereuger, R. L. de. ...'56. 1434 Biecliy, E '60. 737 Bielefeld, C. F '55. 1555 Biers, J '59. 81 Billingsley, C '63. 462 Birkbeck, G. H '61. 2244 Blackwell, S '64. 599 Boisset, P '62. 1612 Bonneville, H. A '62. 2473 '63, 2179. 2360. 2361. '66. 2262. Bouchot, C. Bourdenet- '59. 2117 Bourdenet-BoiicJwt, C '59. 2117 Bourke, J '62. 1968 Bousfleld, G. T '65. 3164 Bowley, K. T '64. 2737 „ R. K '64. 2737 Bowra, M. E '64. 1508 Brady, J. D '57. 2274 878— Harness &c. Brooman, E. A '62. 2648 '64. 1059 Brown, H '57. 2592 „ W '57. 2592 Browne, B '63. 3229 Brnnessaux, J. J '57. 2497 Bunting, J. G '58. 2568 Burley, W '60. 282 Byford, T '56. 1768 Cadman, C. S '64. 2823 Caillard, J '64. 1059 Carbonino, E. C '57. 1333 Carhonino, (Veuve de Favre), R. M. V. C '61. 1018 Carpenter, S. A '61. 3001 Carrington, J '62. 337 Garrou, F. B '65. 2172 Carter, J '62. 101 J. M '62. 1277 Cartwright, M '65. 2423 Cashin, T. F. ...'65. 1222. 2802 Challinor, T '66. 2429 Clairmonte, A. J '66. 2235 Clark, W '58. 1014. 2597 '63. 1848. '65. 2366. '66. 1360. Clarkson, T. C '59. 1486 '63. 2579 Clay, J '57. 2062. '63. 499 '66. 2055 Cookings, J. S '55. 2288 Gogent,L '62. 3473 Cole, E. L '61. 1451 Colgate, J '58. 1085 Corfield, W. '59.42 Corner, J '58. 2518 Cottam, G '55. 1354 „ G. H '57. 2777 '59. 1350 H. E '57. 2777 '59. 1350 Cox, J '59. 1479 Craddock, W '58. 2380 Crane, H '60. 713 Crutchett, J '65. 2619 ix Darcagne, C. F '64. 2039 Davey, S '60. 1234 Davies, G '64. 2378 Davis, S. ...'63. 1705. '65. 1476 2320 „ - W '61. 2272 Dawson, J '55.485 T '55. 714 Day, G '66. 1847 Degravel, F '66. 1818 Desborough, S '60. 3163 Desplas, J. B. H '61. 1073 Desaux-Lacour, A. L....'60. 292 Dickey, G '63. 2408 Dieudonne, L. A '56. 1302 Dowling, E '59. 1796 Drevet, L. H '58. 2.597 Drinkwater, J '65. 920 Dubois, J. F '65. 1617 Diichene, A '60.1519 Ducrux, C '66. 3418 Dufosse, E '60. 1318 Durand,A '62. 745 Duriez, L '57. 2105 Eagle, R.N '61.1660 Earl, J '59. 2309 Elliott, C.P '65. 2658 English, A '61. 2539 '63. 1852 Etienne, A '64. 1328 Evans, T '56. 1856 Fairbanks, W. B '63. 2488 Fmire, A. A '66. 2262 Favre, R. M. V. G. Carbonino, Veuve de '61. 1018 Ferry, F. J '60. 164 Fontaine- Moreau, P. A., Comte de '55. 2615 Fra^taniel, T. D '56. 995 Frankham, M '59. 1479 ,, S '59. 1479 b 1855] NAMR INDEX. [1866 Fnese, L '61. 2244 Friou, J '59. 2011 Garw,P.I '59. 1158 Gedge, J, ...'55. 1277. '56. 417 855 W. E '6*0. 1519 '64. 1819. '65. 477. '66. 735. 1873. 2322. Ghislin, T. G '60. 2661 '61. 853. 2482. '64. 1072 Gibbs, S '59. 1490 Gilbart, F. H '62. 894 Gill, C '61. 869 Girardet, C '58. 363 '60. 2181 Girardet, C '58. 1492 Glatard, L '61. 1102 Grason, T '63. 2651 Greaves, J '56. 2698 „ W '62. 1351 Green, W '58. 2484 aneldrij, V '63. 687 Guilbert, A. E '55. 2153 Guilleaiore, 0. L '55. 2153 Guillemot, M '55. 2480 Gullick, T '60. 1320 Haines, P '56. 14 Harding, T.R '55. 2332 Harrington, R '56. 1638 Hawkins, J '59. 890 '61. 2891 Haworth, J '6.5. 1038 Heaps, W '55. 1488 Henderson, R '61. 173 Henton, C. J '66. 620 S '66. 620 Herring, F.M '56. 2093 Herts, D. B '55. 1404 Hewitt, W '60. 2717 '62. 380 Hill, R. H '55. 2228 Hinsbergh, J. H. M. van. ...'60. 2691 Hofraann, J. R....'64. 415. 2321 Holden, H. A '56. 2503 '57. 915 „ L '62. 1176 Holmes, R.T '65. 2214 Houghton, G '58. 1834 Howes, W '60. 282 Hudson, H '6.5. 1285 Hughes, E. T '61. 3274 Hunt, C. J '55. 1058 Hnnt, ,S' '55. 1404 Hurn, D '65. 3334 „ G. ...'58. 1696. '65. 3334 Inger, H..... '59. 379 Jeandelize, B. P '60. 207 Jennings, W. H '56. 501 Johns, W '6.5. 2704 Johnson, J. H '55. 875 1852. '59. 529. '60. 713 '63. 687. '66. 2921. W '61. 1075 Jones, F, D '57. 602 „ J '61. 2177 „ T '65. 2688 „ W. E '57. 1892 Kain, J. F '63. 1452 Keiffer, F. A '60. 191 Keyston, J '66. 2371 Kleinfelder, J. J. 0....'60. 2181 Krasusld, J '62. 466 Laconr,A. L. Dezaux- '60. 292 Lambert, C '58. 1629 Lancaster, J '58. 2443 Landrin, T '63. 2360. 2361 Landsberg, E '60. 387 Langsford, H '66. 3132 Lariviera, E '66. 1873 Larmuth, H. A '64. 1419 Latehford, B '63. 2271 Lavater, M. L. J '58. 2553 Lavender, F '63. 2488 J '63. 2488 Lecot, E '61. 1018 Lejeune, E. A '57. 2497 Lennan, W '62. 1735 Leon, I '62. 1628 Lerenard, A. A '65. 2630 LeSouef, D '58. 1492 Leveque. A. L '59. 22 LhuilUer,H. L. G '64. 2378 Lightfoot, W '61. 3113 Littleboy, R '63. 2636 Lord, W. B '62. 894 Lonhatieres, F. B '56. 417 Lovick, W. F '60. 2863 Luis, J '58. 1317. '59. 1158 2117 Luke, G '62. 2871 „ W '62. 2871 McDonald, W , '60. 1136 Manrjin, L. A '56. 1818 Marque, L. ...'59. 1184. '61. 13 1624 Marsh, T '61. 794 Marulaz, L. F. A., Baron.... '63. 1624 Mason, E. K '65. 2688 Mailer, G '63. 1229 Mavnard, R '65. 973 Meal], H. L '58. 991 Mennons, M. A. F '60. 292 '62. 745. 1894 3C Michal, F.S. Perrare- '58. 2709 Middleton, S '56. 2578 '58. 378. '60. 3163 Millin, G. F '63. 2257 Monnier, N '56. 2846 Moreau, P. A., Comte de Fon- taine- '55. 2615 Morin,E '65. 3096 Mulet, L. A '63. 2127 Myring, 0 '60. 2857 Nabat, A. C. de '59. 2953 „ X. C. de '59. 2953 Naish, W '61. 2889 Neale, E. V '55. 714 Newsome, J '64. 1881 Newton, A. V '55. 294 '59. 1894. '60. 737. '62. 928. '63. 904 '66. 3418. „ T '57. 344 '61. 517 „ W. E '57. 2593 '65. 3325 Normandy, L. A '58. 3006 Norrington, F '63. 730 Norris, J .....'65. 869 Nurse, C '66. 1249 Oakes, J '58. 2605 Oppermann, C '63. 1756 Orange, E. B '60. 1952 Pacey, G '59. 2530 Palmer, F. I '65. 3164 Par bery, J '56. 2568 Parmelee, S. T '58. Til Peck, J. B '61. 3274 „ T. B '61. 3274 Perrare-Michal, F. S '58. 2709 Pettit, G. B '56. 193 Pickett, J '61. 1157 Ridding, W '55. 1599 Pitman, J. T. ...'57. 397. 1265 Plagniol, A. A. H. ...'56. 2246 PohUJ.E '63. 1848 Porecky, A '58.1553 Postlethwaite, R '59.867 Potts, F '55. 2288 Powell, R '56. 757 Prichard, J '59. 2264 Prioleau, G '64. 2925 Rand, T '57. 2700 Remiere, H. A '62. 2794 Remond, P '62. 573 Renshaw, A. D '66. 1645 Richardson, R '64. 2705 Rollason, A '60. 2249 Romertse, H. T '63. 1705 1855] NAME INDEX. [1866 Rostaing, C. S '59. 2962 Rothwell, P '65. 589 Sola, -- '55. 1852 Scainj,L '66. 735. 2322 Sehweizer, R '65. S096 Sejac,-- '56. 855 Shakespear, H. J. C....'o7. 2528 Shearman, J. E '57. 527 Sheldon, C '60. 640 Shipley, J. C4. '62. 607 Sievers, J. H '58. 3004 Silvy, H. J. M. E '56. 2246 Sinqer, T.M '59. 1894 Smith, H. F '56. 193 W '55. 539 W. W. H '60. 1362 Souche, E '59. 379 Southall, H '65. 239 '66. 3239 J '65. 239 Stanley, A '63. 1142 Stevens, C '61. 13. 458 1624 Stewart, A '63. 855 Stofrer, F '65. 477 Stokes, C '63. 1785 Strada,E.A.,Count de '60. 1881 Surgey, J. B '55. 130 Swift, F '56. 2 Swindells H '61. 1203 Tan ton, J. '57. 3055 Taylor, J. G '56. 2225 Therese, L. A '56. 49 Thiercelin, E. E '66. 2921 Thornton, E. M '60.1912 Tildesley, J '55. 1658 Timms, T '58. 2045 Tolhausen, A '56. 1818 Tomlinson, J '61. 605 Toms, W '66. 1942 Tongne, J. C4 '65. 2172 Tracy, H. G '64. 40 „ J. I '64. 40 Turner, C '66. 939 H '56. 1670 Valda, J '59. 548, 1240 Vareille, L '58. 2597 Vasserot, C. F '59. 1184 Vauconsant, F. V. ...'55. 1277 Veal, T '60. 629 Wnchter, L. R '62. 1894 Wadsworth, J '58. 2545 Walker, R '60. 1669 Waller, R '59. 640 Walthew, F. J '63. 3061 TT'oiis, J. C '62. 2648 Ward, H '62. 461 Weber, L '65. 66 Webster, A '55. 1803 ircbste?-, H '55. 1803 T'Fei/mottWi, A. L '62. 928 White, J '58. 2380 J. C '64. 1846 Whitley, C '59. 1169 TFj7fci)iso7!., A. S '66. 1360 Wilkinsou, J '55. 2553 „ W '59. 1169 Woods, G '55. 1714 Wurts, H '65. 3325 Yellott, G '55. 1404 Yuill, J '5.9. 621 Zipp, C '58. 3004 :xi i-/ HARNESS AND SADDLERY. Patents have been granted in all cases, unless otherwise stated. Drawings accompany the Specification where the abridgment is illustrated and also where the words Drawings to Specification follow the date. A.D. 1855. 130. Surgrey, J. B. Jan. 18, {Provisional protection only.^ Sun' and weatlier screens. — A carriage horse may be sheltered in wet or hot weather hj a movable canopy supported at one end on the carriage, and kept clear of the animal at the other end by stiftening-deviees forming part of the canopy itself, or attached to the shafts or to the harness. 294. Newton, A. V., [a communication]. Feb. 7. .S'pitr.s.— The clasp of the spur is made adjust- able to fit heels of various sizes. The arms a form- ing the clasp are pivoted at c to the end of the stem b. By screwing up a nut e the arms are caused to grasp the heel forcibly. Points on the inside of the arm? enter the leather of the heel. In a modification, the nut is conical and acts as a wedge between projections on the arms. 485. Dawson, J. March 5. [Provisional protection orily.] Saddles. — The saddle is adjusted to fit any horse by means of metallic plates on the saddle-tree expanded or contracted by screws. 878—750-6,04 Wt 22104 L & M 539. Smith, W., [a communication]. Mai'ch 9. Runawa y horses, re- leasing ; fastening, — The coaehman,by jerking a safetj' rein provided in addition to the driving-reins, releases the fastening of the girth and hames, so that all the lip/rness with the exception oi the collars and bridles will fall on to the pole of the carriage, leaving the run- away horses free. The coach- man can then guide the carriage by the pole until it comes to rest. The mechanism for releasing the fastenings is contained in a box-like recess in one side of the saddle, shown in Fig. 1 at L. The safety rein A is attached to an arm con- nected to a bell-crank lever B within the recess. When the rein is jerked, the lever B, by acting on a strap D, releases a spring- hook clasp which fastens the girth. At the same time the bell-crank lever B actuates another lever G, which, by pulling upon a strap or chain H, with- draws a spring bolt and causes the bridle hook to open and release the bearing-reins. The release of the hames is eftected by a strap attached to the saddle, which straf), when the saddle is I'eleased, pulls upon a ring on the hames shown in Fig. 3 at X. The ring X, by means of a wire Y in a channel in the hames, releases a spring hook Z and unfastens the part d at the lower end of the hames, which are thus freed. A further improve- ment relates to a buckle substitute to be used as a fastening for traces, which will allow of a fallen horse being quickly released. The trace passes into a box t, Fig. 6"^'% under which is fixed a 1855] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1855 spring t^ furnished witli pegs placed at the same distance as the holes in tlie trace. Screws u, u^ serve to fix the trace at tlie required length. The collar, Fig. 4, consists of a part j tttting into a part i and united to it by screws passing through holes in an iron rod K set in a groove I. The rod of the collar is composed of a sheath in and rod r. fiG.6. bts The driving-reins are composed of two parts) W, Fig. 7, fastened to the coach box and passing into a sort of sheath V, W^ attached to the bridle. On drawing the rein W^, the sheath V is dis- engaged from the sheath V^ by dragging the head of the bolt X from a cavity in the spring x^ and thereby raising pegs y. 714. Neale, E. V., and Dawson, T. March 30. TF/iips.— Whips and similar articles are fitted with ornamented hollow glass handles in the form of tubes, hooks, or cups, &c. with knobs, caps, and ferrules of ivory, horn, bone, wood, metal, or other suitable material. One variety of handle consists of a straight glass tube let into a knob at one end and at the other end into a ferrule into which the stick is fitted. A metal rod fixed in the knob passes through the glass tube and screws into the stick. A handle may consist of alternate pieces of glass tubing and some other material united by means of a central rod. A glass cup open at both ends, or a bent tubular handle, is fitted to the stick at one end, and is closed at the other end by a plate of glass. A curved flaring handle is secured to the stick at its smaller end, and is closed by a plate of glass at its other end. A handle may be of a retort shape. A horn or other handle, or the stick of an umbrella, may be ornamented by inlaying pieces of glass kept in place by metal ring-^s. The inner surfaces of glass handles are painted, or handles are made of coloured glass ; or coloured or other drawings or designs or photo- graphs or almanacs &c. are gummed on the interior surfaces of the handles. To prevent breakage, the handles are filled with sand, or with a hard cement, the ends being sealed by washers. To prevent longitudinal pressure, a zinc tube may pass through the glass tube and project at each end. The centre rod may be soldered to the zinc tube. Instead of centre rods, tubes may be used. 875. Johnson, J. K., [a communication]. April 19. Materials ; combs ; luhips ; iv}dx> - sockets. — Combs, whips, and whip-sockets are moulded from india-rubber or gutta-percha or compounds of them, and are hardened by steam-heating or vulcanization, while in the mould or subsequently. Metal tubes or wire coated with rubber &c. may be used in making harness. 1058. Hunt, C. J. May 10. Fastening. — A hook for tugs &c. consists of three parts a, h, c hinged together by pin joints. A band d, which turns freely on the stem a, has a notch through which the end of the part c can pass. When the part c is in position, it is secured by the band d, the notch being turned away from the point of the hook. The band d is held firm by a pro- jection X engaging a notch b on the fixed collar of the stem, against which it is pressed by a spring. FIC.2 V.l 1277. G-edg-e, J., [Vauconsant, F, June 5. [Provisional protection only.] Currycombs. — The usual hammer or claw head of the comb is dispensed with, the blade combs being kept in position by a sustaining-band in- casing their ends and riveted to the back plate. 1855] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1855 1354. Cottam, G-. June 13. Bmckets /oj\— The upper part a of the harness bracket shown in Fig. 6 is hinged. The part h acts as a support for a as well as a hook for the harness. FIG.6. 1404. Herts, D. B., [Yellott, G., and Hunt, SJ], June 20. [Promsional protection only.] Runaivay horses, releasing; fastening. — To enable a person to release an unmanageable horse bj pulling a cord which removes all the harness except the collar, bridle, and reins, the hames are held together at the top by a spring bolt passing through a rule joint, and the saddle-tree is made in two parts connected by a bevelled pin. On pulling the cord, which is connected to the spring bolt and the bevelled pin, both the harness and saddle-tree come apart and the horse is set free. The terrets drop out when the sections of the saddle-tree are parted. June 29. [Provisional 1488. Heaps, W. protection only.] BacM)ands. — When two horses are used in har- rowing land, one backband only is employed, passing over the back of each horse and under a pulley on the middle shaft. 1555. Bielefeld, C. T. July 11. Saddles. — Saddle-trees are moulded from a mixture of tannogelatine, sulphur balsam, gum thus, gutta-percha, and a suitable solvent, pre- ferably Venice turpentine. India-rubber or solu- tions thereof may also be used as ingredients. Sheets of canvas and cork may be enclosed in the plastic composition. 1599. Pidding-, W. July 17. Horse-boots. — The sole of a boot for a horse or other animal is made of india-rubber or of an india-rubber and gutta-percha composition, and has internal cells filled with gas or liquids, and an india-rubber upper embracing the hoof is cemented to the sole. A modified shoe is made in two parts, one of which has deijressions, and is held stretched with the depressions filled with gas or liquid while a sheet of india-rubber forming the second part of the shoe is cemented to it, so that the finished shoe has a corrugated surface. The surface of a shoe may be protected 878 by a sheet of india-rubber having perforations in which steel studs are fitted. An india-rubber shoe may be fitted with spiral or helical springs, or the air or liquid cells may be replaced by angular or other shaped wood, glass, metal, papier mach^, &c. studs embedded in the india- rubber. 1658. Tildesley, J. July 21. Giirrycomhs. -- A fixed or drop handle b, of metal, is secured to the back of the comb T FIG. I iiack of the comb r/"-* w ^ w' ^ i^ at right-angles to J J J f J J instead of parallel with, the rows of teeth.. 1714. Woods, G-. July 27. D B D E Saddles. — A pack-saddle is formed by two square pieces of leather A, A connected by two pieces of webbing B and furnished with leather strengthening-pieces C and girth straps. The parts A are lined with fibre mats D. Two pieces of wood E, E are fixed to each side piece A to keep the load away from the side of the animal, and iron bars F are hinged to the wood pieces E in such a manner that they can be turned down into recesses in the pieces E or turned outwards to support the load. Straps G for securing the load are attached to rings H sewn to the webbings B, and are passed through rings I. 1803. Webster, A., [Webster, H., partly]. Aug. 9. Bunaivay &c. horses, releasing ; fastening.- — To release the trace B, Figs, 1 and 2, from the whipple-tree A when the horse is running away or in other circumstances, the cord g. Fig, 1, is pulled, so that the spring catch / is i^emoved from the stop e on a sliding bolt h, which is then shot over A 2 1856] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1855 by the spring c, Fig. 2, and the lug d casts the trace B from the pin or holdev a. To allow of the breeching being released, " the inner side of each " of the thills " may be fitted with a spring h, Fig. 5, and a hook i arranged as shown, so that, when the horse rushes forwards, it detaches the link k on the trace from the hook i, the spring h giving way so that the link may pass. 1852. Johnson, J. K., [Sala, —]. Aug. 15. [Provisional protection only.] Bridles. — Relates to an improved construction of reins, more particularly riding-reins. A thin steel bar extends from the bit to a distance along each rein, leaving the reins flexible as ordinarily. These x'eins may be used both by pulling and pushing, and the animal may be prevented from throwing back its head by nipping its neck between the bars. 2153. G-uilbert, A* £•, and G-uillemdre, C. Ii. Sept. 27. Bridles ; stop- ping and control- ling runaway and restive animals. — Relates to a device for controlling restive horses by closing their eyes and nostrils. Rods b, passing through bearings c in metal casings a fixed to the side strap at each side of the animal's head, are provided with torsional springs d and are rotated by levers / when the straps j are pulled. The blinkers g and the nostril -compress- ' ing plates h are thus brought into action. The strap j may pass over the forehead of the horse, the lever f being suitably placed. The bit may be in one with the casings a. Tlie blinkers g, may consist of a wire web for closing the animal's eyes. The parts may be made separate from each other. 2228. Hill, B. H. Oct. 5. [Provisional pro- tection only.] Backhands. — To facilitate the release of a fallen horse, the backhand is made in three separate pieces connected on either side of the saddle by a screw rosette as shown. nt 2288, Cocking-s, J. S., and Potts, F. Oct. 13. if FICI. FIG. 3 FIG. 7. Whijo-sockets. — In making metal whip-sockets with internal contractile sleeves c, Fig. 1, of gutta-percha or the like, the sleeve is secured at the top by making it with a thickened edge, moulding the edge over a ring h soldered to the metal socket, covering it with a sheet-metal ring f, and then closing the ring / invA^ards below the ring b by spinning in a lathe. The ring / may be disijensed with, the gutta-percha being moulded over the ring b as shown in Fig. 3. In a modifi- cation shown in Fig. 7, a gutta-percha ring A is secured by a ring J placed over and soldered to the socket a before the insertion of the ring A and afterwards closed inwards over the top of the ring A. The bottom of the socket may be closed by a metal bottom beaded over a ring h, Fig. 6, soldered to the bottom of the socket. The bottom may have a gutta-percha lining L A conical rubber ring k, Fig. 8, may be secured in the mouth of the socket bjr moulding it over the edge of the socket, tying it, and finishing it off with a metal, ivory, or other suitable mount, or a moulded rim of gutta-percha, or a strip of leather may be stitched round it. To secure a gutta-percha mouthpiece to a leather whip-socket B, Fig. 10, the leather is grooved round the outside near the top edge, a number of holes are punched in the groove, a gutta-percha mouthpiece C with a thick top edge is placed, while still warm, in the socket, and the edge of the gutta-percha is then squeezed by dies D, E around the edge of and through the holes in the socket B. The dies E are made in three segments and are tightened up by a clamp F. In another method of attachment, a metal ring o, 1855] ABBIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1855 Fig. 12, is placed in a groove in the leather, and a metal cap p is spun over the ring o and over the edge of the gutta-percha, a strengthening-ring ,/ being placed inside. A metal bottom for the socket may be secured in a similar manner. The edges of the leather socket may be united by a spiked plate M, Fig. 13, formed with loops N for straps. A trade mark or label is attached by means of projections on the label passed through holes in the leather or tin of the socket and bent down on the other side. FIG. 6. 2332. Harding-, T. R. Oct. 17. Comhs. — Combs for the human or other hair are constructed with round pins or teeth inserted in a row of holes drilled in the back of the comb as shown in Fig. 6, lateral pressure being- applied to the back of the comb to fix the pins. When flattened teeth or pins are employed, a strip of indented metal is folded laterally to form the back of the comb, and the teeth are inserted and soldered in the recesses presented. According to the Pro- visional Specification, the combs may be con- structed with cast-steel teeth hardened and tempered. 2480. Guillemot, VS. Nov. 5. [Provisiotml protection onlyJ] Bridles ; hits ; stopping runaway animals. — For stopping a runaway horse, the nostrils are com- pressed by " stoppers " attached to hinged spring pieces on the bit. The ends of the spring pieces opposite the stoppers are provided with rings, situated under the lower jaw, through which a rein passes for actuating the apparatus. The mechanism can be concealed by a small cover at each side. 2553. Wilkinson, J., and Wilkinson, J. Nov. 13. Saddle cloths are made by stretching sheets of felted or other fabrics over formers C, Fig. 1. The former, which is made up of repetitions of the profile of a saddle cloth, is supported on trestles D in a frame A, and the fabric is placed upon it as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 3, and is secured by hooks in the bars B, which are moved so as to stretch the fabric. As it dries it takes permanently the shape of the former ,C. fl- 2615. Fontaine-l^oreau, P. A., Comte de, [a communication]. Nov. 20. Bridles ; con- trolling runaway and restive animals. — To pre- vent horses from running away, blinkers are con- structed of metal flaps, provided with hinges B acted upon by springs C, the pieces D being riveted to the bridle. By pull- ing a strap or cord attached to the movable parts A^, the view of the animal is cut off. 1856] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1856 A.D. 1856. 2. Swift, F. tion. Jan. 1. Draiuiiigs to Specifica- Traces. — The Pi'o visional Specification states that, in order to provide elastic connection between the traces and the vehicle, the ends of the traces are formed partly of india-rubber. 14. Kaines, F. Jan. 3. Mateiials ; knee-capa; collars, neck ; saddles. — Cork is used instead of leather for knee-caps, and also for stxiffing horse collars. It is also used for saddle-trees in place of wood. 49. Th^rdse, Ii. A, Jan. 5. [Provisio)ial protection onhj.'] Saddles. — Saddle bows and pads are formed of stout leather bent into the required shape. 193. Pettit, Jan. 24. G. S., and Smith, H. F. FIG. 86. sCniO^ Singeing -appara • tus. — Consists of a | tube having a ! handle at one end and a flat burner at the other, as shown. Holes are provided near the handle to admit air for mixing with the gas, which is supplied by a flexible tube. 417. Gredg-e, J., [Louhatieres, F. B.]. Feb. 19. \Provisional protection only.] Gnrrijcombs. — Currycombs are made of leather with wire teeth screwed in. The teeth jnay be unscrewed to renew the scratching-surface from time to time. 501. Jenning^s, W. H. Feb. 27. [Pro- visional protection only.] Lassos. — The rings are east in iron moulds instead of sand moulds, to reduce or dispense with the labour of finishinsr. March 29. [Provisional 757. Powell, R. protection only.] Clothing for animals ; vcntilatioit. — Ventilation holes are punched in the material at places where perspiration is likely to accumulate. The holes are protected by stitching them round or by brass or other metal eyelets. To keep out wet, they are covered over by a flap secured at one edge. 855. G-edgre, J., [Sejac, — ]. [Provisional j)rotec- tion only.] April 9. Materials. — Saddles, harness, and other leather articles are manufactured from old leather whicli is purified and rendered pliable by apj)lication of a preparation the chief constituents of which are quick lime and albumen. 995. Fra^taniel, Z. D. April 25. jyi, ./v Stopping (uid controlling runauxty andlrestive animals. — To prevent a horse from becoming unruly or from running awaj^ when left alone, its fore legs are brought together by pulling a rein E attached to a garter F on one leg and passing through the ring ^ on the feed-rollers E, and the bar is then delivered into the sizing- dies 2, on the rollers A, A^. Suitable guides convey it into the next set and so on until it has passed through any desired niwiber of rollers, Avhen it is placed upon its edge into the feed- rollers opposite the dies 1, and again passed through. In the ends of each set of these dies there is a hole or punch .s, to form end loops on the bar. The draught eyes are formed upon the same roller and are attached to the hames by a blow from a vertical hammer. The terrets for the reins are similarlv attached. 527. Shearman, J. E. Feb. 23. Saddles ; collars, neck ; pads ; ma- terials.— Saddle-trees are made of hard- ened rubber, of vulcanized and hardened rubber com- bined, of vulcanized spongy rubber, or of a combination of wood or metal with rubber. The padding under the saddle-trees is made of rubber, rubber web, a network of rubber web or thread, or vulcanized spongy rubber. Collars are W^ made of rubber and leather combined. The Figures show the invention in connection with an ordinary hunting or riding saddle-tree, but it is ecjually applicable to all kinds of saddles or pads for horses and other animals. One or more layers of spongy rubber &c. are secured inside the crutch B, C and to the under part of the side and back frames D. The usual padding under the saddle-tree may be replaced by vulcanized rubber webbing in combination with fibres or fabrics, or alone by the employment of rubber in a cellular, tubular, or lattice form. Collars are made in one or more pieces, and india-rubber is used as a stuffing-material. Rubber, alone or in combina- tion with fabrics, may be used for covering the collars. 602. Jones, F. D., [a communication]^ March 2. [Provisional protection onhj.l Bits. — The mouthpiece of a bit is made hollow to enclose honey, sugar, or the like, which melts and passes into the horse's mouth through per- forations in the mouthpiece of the bit. 915. Kolden, K. A. April 2. [Procisional Xirotection only.] Terrets and like guide-rings ; fastening ; orna- ments for unsjjecified articles. — Terrets, cock-eyes, buckles, and ornaments for harness, coach-door hinges, handles, coach beading, and other metallic fittings for railway and other carriages are made of zinc instead of copper or copper alloy. The parts are finished by electroplating and burnish- 1265. Pitman, J. T., [a communication]. Mav 5. FIG. 2 FIG. 3. Currijcombs. — The back is made of india-rubber &c. with a series of ridges, cones, or other suitable teeth of the same material raised upon it, a part or all of which may be strengthened by wire &c. In the comb shown in Figs. 2 and 3, D are teeth with projecting metallic points, E teeth strengthened by wires not projecting, aud^ teeth without wires. The currycomb without the wires will serve as a flesh brush. 10 1857] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1857 1333. Carbonino, R. C, May 12. [Pro- visional ijrotcction only.] Nosebags.— The bottom of the nosebag, made of osier or other raatei'ial, is caused to rise, as the fodder is coiisiinied, by means of a counterweight connected to it by cords passing through rings near tlie mouth of the bag. 1892. Jones, W. E. July 8. Saddles. — Saddle-trees are made adjustable to suit horses of different sizes. The pommel and cautle are made high, and each is composed of two pieces of spring steel united by a pin, about which they can turn. The angle between the two pieces is adjusted by a right and left hand screw. The side pieces are free to turn on the ends of the pommel and cantle, so that they may adjust themselves as required. A loop is riveted to each side piece for the stirrup leather. 2062. Clay, J. July 28. Saddles.— To give elasticity to saddle seats, one end of each of the webs h is attached to helical springs d connected to the saddle-tree a and placed either at the front or back part of the saddle or in both positions. The springs may be of ordinary construction or they may be enclosed in a tube and bear against a shoulder at the end of a rod passing up the axis. 2105. Duriez, Zi. Aug. 4. [Provisional pro- tection only.] Stopping runaway and restive animals. — Apparatus for stopping saddle or draught horses by locking their legs consists of a frame in which are two catches or jaws working on pivots and kept in positidn by springs. When in use, the jaws open to allow a conical stop to pass through, and are then closed by a spring so as to prevent the stop from being drawn back. One or more of these stops are lixed to a cord which is connected at one end to a collar on the horse's foot. The other end of the cord is attached to a loose shoulder band which is passed round the other leg of the horse. A martingale may be used instead of the shoulder band. 2274. Brady, J. D. Aug. 28. Saddles, adjustable. The front parts of the wooden side fi'ames A are provided with metal straps C through which slide the extensions of a metal connecting-piece B. Screws a are passed through plates h on the side frames into holes in the extensions, and so secure the side frames in any position. The rear parts of tlie side frames are provided with angle-iron plates d, through which screws are passed into holes in metal plates e on the connecting-piece D. The framing of the saddles may be formed of open work, lined or not, so that, should a sore occur in any place, the framing may be adjusted to bring an open part over the sore. 2497. Iiejeune, E. A., [Brunessaux, J. J.]. Sept. 29. [Provisional 2^t'otection only.] Breeching. — Horses' cruppers are made of vulcanized rubber instead of leather. The cruppers are made hollow and are formed by placing sheet riibber in suitable moulds, together with sulphur for vulcanizing it, and then immers- ing the mould in a bath of molten sulphur or in a vapour bath. 2528. Shakespear, K. J. C. Oct. 2. [Pro- visional protection only.] Saddles. — A single-wheeled carriage for military and other purposes is formed by mounting the wheels between the shafts, the front ends of which are cased in square-sectioned irons adapted to fit exactly into iron loops firmly fixed to the tree of a saddle secured like a riding-saddle. 2592. Brown, K., and Brown, W. Oct. 9. [Provisional protection only.] Whip-sockets are made of a glass- or iron tube,-, having a loose top and bottom, and mounted in metal or otherwise so that the tube may be adjust- able or fixed. 11 1857] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1858 2593. Newton, Oct. 9. W. E., [a communication]. Stirrups. — Relates to means for releasing a stirrup b}^ pressure such as is pro- duced when the rider is thrown. The stirrup strap K normally engages a pivoted bar A, which is held in position by a draw-bolt C carried by a frame D pivoted in lugs G on the stirrup. Pressiire on the frame D withdraws the bolt C against the action of the spring S, and so releases the stirrup. Side shields may be fixed to the stirrup for preventing its unnecessary release. 2700. Rand, T., and Beckley, G-. Oct. 23. IProvisional protection only.] Saddles. — In saddle-trees for military saddles, the sides are made of thick leather, strengthened by a strip of steel ; the bridge consists of an iron or steel arch, and the cantle is of wood. 2777. Cottam, G-. K., and Oottam, K. R. Oct. 31. F1C.I8. Brackets and stands for. — To facilitate the drying of saddles, pads, or other portions of harness, supporting-brackets H, Fig. 17, are formed with slits or perforations for the passage of air. Fig. 18 shows a bracket formed with hooks, pro- jecting one in front of another, for supporting girths or other parts of harness. 3055. Tanton, J. Dec. 11. [Provisional pro- tection only.'] Lassos or shepherds' crooks. To prevent injury to the leg of a sheep caught hold of by a shepherd's crook, the hook is connected to the staff by a short thick piece of india-rubber. A.D. 1858. 363. Girardet, C. tection only.] Feb. 24. [Provisional pro- Back and helly bands. — Two pieces of metal or other material are fastened together in any manner to form a ring or cylinder which is attached "to the proper strap." The shaft is placed in the open bearer and the two halves are then locked or pinned together. 378. BXiddleton, S. Specification. Feb. 25. Dratbings to Whips ; whip-sockets. — Whip handles, whip- sockets &c. are made by joining two pieces of leather together edge to edge by malleable brass &c. wire passed obliquely through the centre of the edges of the leather, which is worked in a damp state by soaking it in thin glue, paste, &c., and then laced spirally through machine-made holes in the face of the leather. The wire is then tightened by pulling, or by pressure in a die, or by a mandrel, and the ends are fastened. T. April 10. Drawings to 777< Parmelee, S. Specift^ition. Saddles ; traces. — Belting for tracings and girthings is formed of layers of woven material, such as canvas, cut to width and covered on each Y2 1858] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1858 face with a layer of india-rubber, gutta-percha, or a combination of the two. The strips are pressed together, and are heated to vulcanize the composition. 991. IHEeall, H. Xi. May 4. [Provisional protection o)ilij.] Fastening. — Sheet -metal iiooks for use in fastening harness are provided with spring tongues to prevent accidental unfastening. Cross- shaped blanks are cut from a sheet, the short side arras form loops for attachment, the long part of the stem forms the hook, and the short part forms the spring tongue. 1014. Clark, W., [a communication]. May 6. FIG. I. Bits; bridles; stojyping and controlling rufiaway and restive animals. — -A noseband, with teeth on its inner surface and furnished with two steel pallets for pressing on the horse's nostrils, is attached to an ordinary bit, the movement of the noseband being produced by a supplementary rein. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the noseband e, which is sometimes made in two parts hinged together at the centre, and which is furnished with the pallets /, is connected by chains d to toothed segments b, having eye-pieces to which the supplementary rein is attached. The seg- ments b gear with the pinions c, so that a pull on the supplementary rein presses the noseband and pallets against the horse's nostrils and also causes a rotation of the bit in its mouth. As shown in the drawings accompanying the Provisional Speci- fication, the pallets are larger than those shown in Fig. 3 ; they are attached directly to the bit and, by rising in the horse's mouth, pi-ess its upper lip against its nostrils. 1085. Colg-ate, J. protection only.'] Whips. — A tobacco- pipe ease is formed on the handle D of a riding- whip by making it of two hinged hollow parts pro- vided with a spring catch. The whip stem is hollowed out to receive the stem of the pipe. May 14. [Provisional 1206. Arnal, A. tection only.] May 28. [Provisional pro- Nosehags are formed so that the corn is supplied to the horse in small quantities. The corn is con- tained in bags on either side of and communicating at the bottom with a centre bag adapted to admit the animal's mouth. A hole in the board which forms the bottom of the centre bag is covered with a fine grating, which allows dust or dirt to fall through it. The bags are strapped to the horse's head, and strings are provided to tie their tops and prevent the corn from being shaken out. 1317. Ziuis, J., [a communication]. June 10. [Provisioned protection only.] Nosebags. — Nosebags are made of coarse canvas so as not to interfere Mdth the breathing of the horse. 1492. lie Soudf, I>., [Qirardet, G.]. July 2. FIG. 3. Tugs, shaft ; saddles.- - ^haft tugs are arranged to clip upon the shaft, and are adjustable on the saddle strap. The shaft is secured in the part A of the tug by the hinged cover B, which is locked by a spring-controlled plate C, or by means of a pin, Fig. 4. The saddle strap D passes through loops A^ A^*, and the tug is fixed in the required position on the strap by a pin E, attached to a leather or other flap, which passes through a hole in the tug and one of a series of holes in the strap and may be secured by a spring or catch. The strap D is made fast on the top of the saddle, and a pin G on the saddle passes through the last hole in the strap and may be locked by a revolving washer H engaging a groove therein, as shown in Fig. 3. 13 1858] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &q. [1858 1553. Porecky, A. July 10. [Provisional protection only.] Whips. — -Whalebone, horn, tortoiseshell, or other corneous material, or artificial imitations of these substances, are emploj'ed for the manufacture of whips and similar articles of hollow or tubular form, strips of the material beins bent, pressed, or otherwise formed into plain, fluted, ornamented, flexible, or rigid tubes, &c. Such hollow articles may afterwards be wholly or partially filled with a suitable composition or material ; or they may be left unfilled, so as to allow of their sliding telescopically one over the other. 1629, Iiambert, C. July 19. FIG. I FIC.4. Collars, neck ; fastening. — Collars are made of iron, wood, or other hard material, in two parts hinged together at a and fastened by a ring b or a thumb-screw. The sides are shaped to the shoulders of the animal. Fig. 3, and little or no padding is recjuired. The tug hooks D are fixed in sockets C by screws or springs, and the hooks E are attached to eyes. The reins pass through holes F. The collar maj^ be of tubular steel, and may have its upper part hinged at G, Fig. 4. 1696. Kurn, G. July 28. Nosehags.^-T\ie edges of matting formed of aloe, coeo-niit, cotton, hair, jute, Manilla, Spanish, &e. fibre for making bags such as nosebags have several strands of weft removed. The warp ends are then bent over and secured by sewing by the removed weft strands, &c., so as to give the appearance of a cord. The sides of the bags are formed by uniting the selvage edges. 1834. Koug-hton, G. Aug. 12. Saddles. — The seats of saddles are made elastic by springs which keep the webs in a state of tension. Flat undulatinc springs d of steel &e. are riveted to the plate e, which is fixed to the front of the saddle-tree a and to the webs h. The springs may be fixed to the back of the saddle- tree, or to laoth front and back, or they may be fixed in the middle of the webs. Fig. 6 shows an alternative form of spring. 2045. Timms, T. Sept. 9. Bits. — The reins are at- tached to sliding pieces on the side bars of a bit, so that the leverage of the pull can be varied. The sliding rings c are normally held near the mouthpiece a, jointed to the side bars, by springs d. The springs are preferably of vulcanized india-rubber, and are fitted within the hollow ujiper part of the side bars. As the pull in the reins is increased the side bars are inclined, and the rings c slide down the bars till they assume the position shown in dotted lines. 2380. Craddock, W., and White, J. Oct. 25. ' Collars, neck. — Connec.ting - links for h a m e s are formed at the ends with hooks a or eyes, to engage with eyes or hooks, respectively, on the hames. The ijole- chain ring c de- pends from the middle part of the link, and a gap d may be pro- vided for its removal. The link is reduced at / to take a strap for the attachment of the martingale, so that the link and strap bear uniformly on the collar. 14 1858] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1858 Nov. 2. [Provisional 2443. Xiancaster, J. ■protection only.'] Rein-holders. — Apparatus for holding the reins and for keeping" them held tight when horses become restive or run away, comprises a frame united to the ends of a bar pivoted in eye-bolts on tlie footboard of a vehicle. Rein-holders, fastened bj^ turning their ends, or by suitable bearings, screws, and nuts, work freely on the bar, and a catch, adapted to be released by the foot of the driver, engages a ratchet-wheel on the bar to keep it in anv required position. A drinn and friction strap may replace the ratchet-wheel. 2484. G-reen, W., [a communication]. Nov. 6. [Provisional protection only.] Fastening tvAces. To the end of the whipple- tree is attached a socket closed by a flat plate, having an oblong slot, through which passes a button of similar shape on a plate fixed to the end of the traces. The button being turned round when inserted, cannot jerk out of the slot, and to ensure this a helical spring is placed in the socket and presses a rubber plate against the button, holding it in grooves cut inside the plate and at right-angles to the slot. 2518. Corner, J. Nov. 10. Biveting-machines. — A ma- chine for making screwed rivets from wire, and riveting parts of harness and other leather goods is shown in the Figures. A wire bobbin D, Fig. 2, is carried in a revolv- ing-frame T>^, and the wire passes into a second frame K, carrying two pairs of rolls K^, placed at right-angles and adapted to grip the wire and feed it forwards. The wire passes into a screw-cutting jaw M, and then through a shearing-jaw M^, cutting off lengths to form rivets, which are passed into the work, held opposite to the outlet M^ of the machine. The screw-cutt- ing jaw M, Fig. 6, has cutting- blades M^ and is fitted with a central guide-block, having a tapered perforation. The shearing-device M^, Fig. 18, has a perforation 24 for the wire, which passes through a fixed plate 21, and a shearing- blade rocked by a handle 23. By means of a curved guide 25, the shearing-blade is moved outwards so that it travels with the wire during the shearing operation. In a modification, a rocking plate has eccentric cam grooves which cause two detachable cutters to approach and sever the wire. As adapted for thick wire, the cam plate 34, Fig. 26, carries cutters 33 which have inclined cutting-blades. To facilitate inspection of the cutters, the cutting-plate is hinged to its frame. The head of the rivet is formed by the wire being screwed against a metal plate. A marking or perforating tool has a wheel 6, Fig. 14, having teeth 6* on its periphery which are adapted to in- dent the work as it is passed between the toothed wheel and a roller 9. FJC.26. 15 1858] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1858 2545. Wadsworth, J. Nov. 13. Spurs and spur-carrie rs. — Relates to the attachment of spurs to boots provided with heels having movable parts, and consists in forming the hold- ing part of the spur in the shape of a complete hoop or ring, as shown, which is provided with a pin to engage with a hole in a fixed part of the heel. The heel is flanged to prevent the hoop or ring from moving upwards. 2553. Ziavater, M. Zi. J. Nov. 13. Saddles. — Relates to the manufacture of per- forated or cellular sheets of india-rubber applic- able for making saddles, &c. According to one process, punches or like tools are employed to cut out portions of a sheet of sulphurized india-rubber. The cellular sheet so produced is then vulcanized. Two or more sheet may be cemented together to form a tnick sheet. In another process, a sheet of sulphurized india-rubber, preferably warm from the rolls, is moulded by placing it over a tray formed with studs, preferably hexagonal, and passing the two between rollers. Or the plastic rubber may be pressed out or through the mould. The tray is then covered by a plate, and the rubber is vulcanized in the mould. The moulded sheets may be vulcanized on separate trays, the cells being first filled with sand. 2568. Buntingr, J. a. Nov. 15. Training and breaking-in horses. —The horse is made to move in a circle round a post, while confined in a frame- work made by detachably fasten- ing cross-pieces h to horizontal radial arms c having their inner ends connec- ted to the post, cart- wheels a being mounted on their outer ends. Straps e passing under the belly of the horse, and other straps attached to various parts of the harness, prevent the horse from lying down or kicking, and a pole / prevents him from going backwards. The height of the cross-pieces or shafts h can be altered as recxuired, and a " dicky " or seat maybe attached to the hind pole for driving and teaching the use of the bit and rein. In some cases the long arms are dispensed with and the horse is confined in a rectangular frame, a leading horse being attached which is driven from the seat at the rear. 2597. Clark, W., [VareiUe, L., and Drevet [Protyisioiud protection Controlling restive animals ; bridles.— Restive animals are controlled by a device for closing their nostrils ; and a " fillet " bit c, with reins d, is provided in addition to the ordinary bit and reins. An extra noseband h of metal, having a removable pad, is secured by a strap. Rods i can turn in the band li and in eyes on arms o connected to the bridle, and have loops m to take reins n. The lower ends of the rods are adapted to close the animal's nostrils when actuated by the reins n, and are returned to their normal positions bv springs on the band h acting on cams on the rods. Screws p allow of the arms o being removed and the device taken to loieces. 16 2605. Oakes, J. Nov. 18. Spitrs.— Spurs are made by stamping a metal blank in a series of dies instead of by forging them. 1858] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1859 A T-piece of iron is first stamped to the shape shown in Fig. 8. By heating it and operating on it in a nnmber of suitably-shaped dies, the iron is formed into a spnr as shown in Fig. 42 and 43. 2709. Perrare-michal, P. S. Nov. 29. \Frovisional protection only.] Bridles are made without bits. The noseband is provided with a piece of metal which is con- nected to two other metal pieces. The latter pieces are joined by bars, one of which passes over the animars nose while the other is placed in its mouth. The former bar is provided with rings for the attachment of the reins, whereby this bar and the piece in the noseband can be caused to press more or less on the nose. The device is buckled to the headstall, and has arms at each side adapted to enter loops thereon. 3004. Sievers, J. H., [Zijjp, C.]. Dee. 31. [Provisional protection only.] Saddles ; hellyhands. — The bellyband of a riding- saddle is adjusted by turning a ratchet-wheel mounted in a box fixed to the saddle. The ratchet-wheel rotates two pulleys, round which pass cords connected to one part of the bellyband bj' loops, eyelets, or clasps. 3006. Normandy, Zi. A., [a communication]. Dee. 31. FIG. I FIG. 3. Tugs, shaft. — Horses are quickly put to or un- harnessed by means of a shaft tag such as is shown in Fig. 1. A metal clasp has a tongue L hinged at C and is held by a turn-button K. The clasp is attached to the saddle or pad by the buckle B, and to the bellyband V, Fig. 3, by the ring a, and to the breeching R by the ring b. For small shafts, a plate N, Fig. 2, and screw tightener are fitted to the tongue L. A spring may be added to release the tongue L on turning the button K. A.D. 1859. 22. Xi^vdque, A. Zi. Jan. 1. Stoppiiig and controlling runatvay and restive animals. — Apparatus for subduing or stopping runaway or restive horses comprises a wire frame / on the blinker e, provided with a sjDring g which serves as a pivot and tends to open the frame so that a piece j, thus brought before the ej-es of the horse, forces him to hold his head down in order to see his way, and so gives the driver better control. A small catch h, actuated by a rein i, normallj' holds the frame against the blinker. On saddle horses, pivoted vanes supported by a band round the animal's head are turned up by a connected rein, so that the sight of the horse is partially cut off as before. Fic.a. 17 1859] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1859 42. Corfield, W. Jan. 5. Collars, neck; bridles; traces. — Chains for use with hairies, head stalls, harness, &c. are made of double links, one set being longer than the other. Normally the short links carrj'' the load, but if these break, the load is received by the longer links. In a modified form, the links are all made the same length, each chain then bearing half the load. The chains may be formed " in single or *' alternate lengths with the usual known methods " of single and double parallel links." Jan. 11. Draivings to Sjoeci- 81. Biers, J. flcation. Ihigs, shaft. — In two-wheeled A'ehicles, the shaft-tugs work in slots or guides or between rollers, and are connected to the brake blocks so that the brakes are applied automatically when the draught animal presses backwards. 3*79. Zng-er, H., [SouchS, E.]. Feb. 10. [Pro- 'visionaJ protection only.} Bridles; stopjnng and controlling runaway and restive animals.— The portion of the blinkers next the horse's eye is hollowed out. Flaps A, Fig. 1, are attached by hinges B and connected by straps D to a rein held by the driver or fastened .near him. When this rein is pulled, the horse is temporarily blinded and checked. Tlie flaps are released by india-rubber or steel springs at the hinees. 529. Johnson, J. H., [Achet,—]. Feb. 28. Stopping and controlling rimaivay and restive animals; bridles; bits. — For checking and stopping horses in saddle or harness, two pads b, attached to a spring c secured to the front of the noseband, are caused, by pulling a rein a passing through each end of the spring, to pinch the nose of the animal and so prevent breathing. An outer casing conceals the apparatus. On relaxing the pull on the rein, the spring causes the pads to assume their normal position. In the arrange- ment shown in Fig. 4, the pads a are each fitted to an arm b connected to a spring c and provided with a projection to which the reins / are attached. On pulling the reins, the arms slide along their guides g and over suitable rollers, bringing the pads to the animal's nose. On releasing the reins. the springs return the arms and pads to normal position. In a third arrangement, the reins are secured to the ends of two springs each carrying a pad. In a further modification, arms are placed laterally, and when reins attached to their extremities are pulled, they turn on their centres, so compressing the ncstrils of the horse In order that the straps of the noseband may be brought nearer together, the inclination of the branch of the bit m, Fig. 12, is varied by altering the position of nuts z passing through slots v in the strap. 548. Valda, J. Mai^ch 2. [Provisional protection only.] Fastening. — A stud or solitaire may be modified for fastening harness. The collar stud described is made in two parts. One has a head and hollow shank, a collar being formed on the inside of the end of the shank. The other head has a hollow shank containing one or more spring catches 18 1859] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1859 which expand laterally and abxit against the back of the collar on the other part. These springs are acted upon by a stud or by a pin or pins which may form part of the head of the stiid. 621. Tuill, J. March 10. Saddles, harness. Troughs for taking the chains or backbands of cart and other harness are made of cast or wrought iron, in one piece or more, and have lower flanges to take the wood or other material E, Fig. 2, for fixing the trough to the saddle. The wood may be in several pieces, witJi the grain running in different directioxis, and riveted or screwed to the trough. Eyes on one side of the trough carry hooks D to which the breeching is attached. Expanded ends, such as G, may be welded to a separate strip forming the base F of the trough, when the sides of the trough will be riveted to upwardlj'-turned parts of the ends G, which parts protect the sides from the wearing action of the chain. The upper edges B may be strengthened by ridges or by tubular pieces of wrought iron, split longitudin- ally and sprung over them. In another modifica- tion, Fig. 5, the trough is formed by a bent piece O of metal riveted to the side pieces A and to the wood E, while the lower flanges consist of plates riveted to the side pieces. The ends of the pieces C are bent over and beaten down to form the part G. The side pieces may be japanned op polished. 640. Waller, R. March 14. Riveting-macMnes. — Relates to means for join- ing leather and other materials by means of metal pegs or rivets in the manufacture of boots and shoes, harness, straps, and other articles. The rivets are cut in the machine from continuous wires q. Fig. 2, which are fed by rollers contained in a box r and operated by a ratchet s. The wires 878 19 pass on through tubular guides t fixed on a sliding or pivoted frame, and into a rivet guide u,and are then cut to length by pliers, actuated by cams or by means of two perforated and relatively sliding cutter plates, or by a band or circular saw. The band saw p is carried on rollers in a frame m which is reciprocated by rack-and- B 2 1859] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1859 pinion gearing /, j, h. The rivet guide u is carried by an arm to pivoted at .t. The arm swings and brings the rivet guide over the work on a block. The work is then perforated by prickers or awls c, Fig. 1, carried on an arm 2" pivoted at y, and the rivets are forced in by plungers d carried in a driving-block at the opposite end of the arm z^^. The rivets may be clinched by splitting the ends, or by forming a conical hole at the ends to make contact with projections on the block for spreading the ends for clinching. 867. Postlethwaite, R. April 7. FIG. 3. o Saddles. — Harness saddles are made with hinges c to permit of their being used for animals of different sizes. FIG. 15. 890. Hawkins, J. April 9. Bits ; spttrs ; stirrups. — These are cut from iron or steel sheets or rods and swaged be- tween dies. In the case of bits, parts A, B, Fig. 1, are cut out, and holes h, c pierced in the ordinary way. Sufficient metal is left at d to be jumped up to form a bead to clip the ring e. The parts are then fur- ther formed and welded together in ordinary stamping- d ie s , the fins of superfluous metal being afterwards cut off. Pieces J, Fig. 15, for the upper parts of stirrups are cut from a bar, and the lower parts are twisted through a right-angle, the piece thus formed being swaged between dies. The lower part of the stirrup is separately formed and is welded on. In making spurs, a circular rod is slit longitudinally, and the parts bent out and swaged, as shown in Fig. 22, The part e^ is after- wards elongated to form the heel pin, and the shank c^ is finished to the pattern required. Fastening. — The upper parts of bits formed as above, and especially suitable for cavalry bridles, are drawn out into thin parts forming springs G, Fig. 13, in the planes of the cheeks. The loose top eyes H, formed in dies, can only be removed by a downward and outward pull. In a modifi- cation, the clieek is bent into a hook closed by a pivoted spring catch. 1018. Ang-us, J. April 23. Saddles. — In harness saddles, the trough consists of two metal side pieces A, Fig. 2, connected by stays C supporting a bottom piece D. To prevent the wear of the chain on the trough, the ends of the side pieces are strengthened by additional thickening-pieces riveted to them. The under part of the trough may be filled with a curved wooden piece. To the underside of the curved band forming the head or " gullet " I is riveted a metal band J, and the free ends of these bands extend to the edges of the saddle-tree F. The pieces of wood forming the saddle-tree are enclosed by a metal strip L and connected by a broad metal plate K. In another FIG.I 1859] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. ri859 arrangement, the side pieces are of cast iron, and the flanges B rest on the wood F. In a further modification, the stays are of T-section. 1158. Iiuis, J., [CrartH, P. I.]. May 9. Whips. — A two-horse gear is fitted with two mechanical whips, one for each horse. A clamp is adjustably mounted in the pillar of the machine, and holds two similarly-arranged coi'ds, which pass over guide-pulleys and are branched, one branch being fastened to the horse's bridle, and the other to the lever 15 of a mechanical whip 17 which carries a whip in the socket 16. The arrangement is such that if one horse pulls too hard it actuates its own whip. W., and Whitley, C. FIG. II. 1169. Wilkinson, May 10. Fastening. — Buttons or " snaps " are made with two prongs which are passed through the material and bent down, with or without the use of a washer. In Fig. 1 the prongs a are shown springing from a central stem. Fig. 11 shows wires h springing directly from the head. 1184. Vasserot, C F., [Marque, L.]. May 11. [Provisional protection only.] Bridles. — The noseband of a bridle is made of a steel spring surrounding the nostrils, and is fur- nished at each end with an inwardly-projecting olive, the olives normally pressing one against the other. When the spring is drawn back by a string, the olives are separated and press upon the nostrils, a chain limiting the movement, but, by means of another string fixed to the chain, the spring may be returned to normal position. 1240. Valda, J. May 20. FIG. 17. ^'C'g- Fastening. — Studs used for fastening harness are shown in Figs. 17 and 18. The head and shank shown in Fig. 17 press down the spring in the bottom part, Fig, 18, and are secured by a pin and bayonet joint. In a modification, the back piece is provided with chains, cords or ribbons, the tags of which either pierce or ate passed through holes in the material. The cords &c. then pass through perforations, hooks, tubes, or rings, and over projecting pins in the front piece in order to secure their ends. A third piece, such as a bar, may be used to aid the fastening of the cords. 1350. June Cottam,G-. H., and Cottam, K. R. FIG.Ifl-. r- Brackets for. — Fig. 14 shows a bracket so formed that a crupper hung upon it is kept in its proper cuived form by its own weight. 1479. Cox, J., Frankham, S., and Frankham, M. June 20. Spurs and spur- carriers. — Spurs are constructed to facilitate their attachment to and removal from the heels of boots. In one form, the shank of the spur has a point g which enters the heel. Arms A, B, pivoted to the shank, carry projections at their ends which are forced into the heel by a conical collar F screwed up against the arms, or forced against them by a spring. In a modi- fication, a collar m is pointed to enter the heel, and can be drawn back over the shank in opposition to a helical spring. The collar is slotted to permit of its passing over the projections on the shank to which the arms are pivoted. It is preferably stamped hot in two parts, which are united at the point and secured by a ring s. The spring may act upon two plates T, connected by pins working through slots in the shank, which may be used for compressing the arms or operating the point which enters the back of the heel. The arms X may be of steel, forged with the shank, so that they can be sprung into position. They may be secured by a spring Z engaging notches in the conical projections y which enter the heel. The spring Z may be used with the pivoted arms. 21 1859] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS fee. [1859 The Provisional Specification states that the ends of the arms may be secured to the heel by screws. X486. Clarkson, T. C. June 20. [Pro- 486. Clarkson, T. i visional jyi-otection only.] Saddles. — The Specification describes a method of manufacturing boots and shoes, but states that the same process is applicable to the manufacture of saddles &c. A socli or cushion is placed on a mould or last, and a "stocking fabric" then drawn over the last and coated with a solution of india-rubber and sulphur or other cemeet. After fixing a strip of leather round the ec^e of the bottom of the mould, alternate layers of thin sheet cork and calico ai'e fixed to the fabi'ic by means of the solution, layers of curled hair being, in some cases, interposed between the successive layers of cork. A counter and side lining is also fixed in position, and a leather upper or other covering, if used, after being first cut to shape, is made to adhere, by means of the solution, to the " stocking fabric." A sole and heel is then fixed to the bottom layer of cork, either by using the solution or by screws, the boot or shoe then being placed in a lathe, and the heel turned and polished. In some cases, stiftening-strips of wood, or other material are placed between the various layers of cork forming the sole of the boot. 1490. G-ibbs, S< June 21. [Provisional Tprotection only.] Slings, lifting and like ; aninuils, stocks and like appliances for holding. Conshts of improved apparatus for slinging horses, mules, and other animals on board ship or for A'-eterinary purposes. A frame, composed of four uprights suitably braced, supports a bed or sling on which the body of the animal )*ests. The bed or sling is capable of being raised or lowered to suit the height of the animal. There are also fitted a manger, and padded front and breech bars adjustable by means of chains. When the animal is to be turned on its side for veterinary purposes, there is fitted in addition a kind of trough, consisting of a floor and two sideboards, in which the animal stands and to which its feet are fastened. This trough is hung at each end from the frame, and is swung about its pivots by means of chains and wind- lasses. 1796. Dowling-, E. Aug. 3. [Provisional protection only.'] Ornaments for unspecified ortic/es.— Rosettes and other ornaments for harness are made of plain or coloured glass or porcelain. They have a recess at the back in which is cemented a piece of leather, cork, or other material, which is sewn, strapped, or otherwise secured to the harness. 1894. Newton, A. V., [Singer, I. M.]. Aug. 17. -Rein - liolders : stopping and controlling 7'unaway and restive animals. — For guid- ing and reining-in horses harnessed to a lieavy carriage, the reins are led through guides in a cross- bar s\ Fig. 7, fastened to an arm working on a vertical shaft f^ and clamped to the disc m^. This shaft can be rotated by the feet of the ■ driver by means of a disc with roughened surface. The upper end of the shaft carries two circular discs TO^, u^ bolted together and enclosing a central pulley q^ and rollers p^ round which the reins are led on to the pulley as shown. The pulley is rotated, to tighten the reins, by a crank and handle which is held by a stop v^ fitting in holes iu the upper disc n^. An india-rubber band i/ is introduced in the rein to relax the rigidity of the rein on tightening. 2011. Friou, J. Sept. 3. [Provisional pro- tection only.] Runaway horses, releasing ; fastening. — The end of the trace is engaged by a pin " which revolves " upon a pivot fixed to the sides of the carriage," and it is secured by an arm, pivoted to the side of the carriage, which is brought down over the pin On raising the arms by cords &c., springs attached to the pins cast ofi' the traces, and the pull of the horse then applies the brakes through o connnH <<(^h of traces which pass under the a second set of traces carriage, 22 1859] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1859 2117. Xiuis, J., [Bourdeuet-Bouchot, 0.]. Sept. 17. FIC;f Stopping runaway horses ; hridles. — Runaway horses are stopped by means of an arrangement of straps which, v.'hen tightened by pulling a rein, compress the neck and prevent breathing. Fig. 1 shows the arrangement of straps as attached to the headstall M, and Fig. 3 shows it in use. When the rein Z is pulled, the straps d^ are tightened and raise a cross-strap L, which compresses the throat of the animal. At the same time the straps C and L^ bear firmly on the back of the neck. 2264. Prichard, J. Oct. 5. [Provisional ■protection only.] Spurs and spur-carriers. — To render spurs easily detachable, they are provided with tongues to hook round the scxuare corners of the boot heel, which has a screw, into the head of which screws a lug on the inner part of the spur. An internally- threaded screw, in which is jjlaced the end of the spur neck, also projects slightly from the heel, the cavity being protected from dirt by a cap when the spur is not in use. 2309. Earl, J. Oct. 11. Earnessing, sys- tems of ; tugs, shaft ; fastening shaft tugs and traces. The dif- ferent parts of the liarness, back and b e LI y bands, breeching, and traces, are at • t ached to a tug a, riC.4. FIG. 6 Fig. 6, fitted with an eyeleted plate which fits into a catch, Fig. 4, at- tached to the shaft, and held therein by a spring bolt e. The spring bolt may be made in the buckle a. Fig. 6, a hinged eyeleted plate being fixed to the shaft. Kicking -straps mav be fastened as ordinarily, or two sets of tug fasteners may be used in each side. 2530. Pacey, G. Nov. 7. Rein-holders ; saddles. — A rein-holder com- prises a hollow tube carrying a clip B, Fig. 2, and telescoping upon a tube b carrying another clip B^. A pin is passed through a nut o, through a slot in the inner tube, and through the outer tube. Thus, on pressing out the clip B\ the pins C, 0^ no longer project and the reins may be passed through the clips ; when the clip B^ is released, a spring m returns the parts to normal FIG. 16. position and the pins secure the reins. Iii * modification, the spring is on the pin C^. Fig. 10 shows a holder in which a screw H carries a pm adapted to pass through the rein, while an eye J receives a strap to be used as a handle or to be put round a hook on the dashboard of a vehicle. In another arrangement, pins carried by a looped spring enter two clips at the end of a tube, so that, by pressing in the spring, the pins are with- drawn. For holding the reins on a carriage, tliey 2H 18591 ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1860 may rest on a roller o, Fig, 14, when the handle, such as that shown in Fig. 2, would engage the ears P ; or the strap of the arrangement shown in Fig. 10 is put round a hook on the dashboard. The rollers may work or vertical pivots, and, if used with a rigid handle, the hook is attached to a strap provided with a spring and adapted to slide in a loop secured to the dashboard. For use with saddles, the handle may be passed into a loop or hook U, Fig. 16, secured to an elastic strap T passing over a roller v. 2953. Nabat, X. C. de, and Nabat, A. C. de. Dec. 27. Horse clippers and the like. — Apparatus for clipping or shearing hair or wool comprises two levers A, B, Fig. 1, pivoted together, of which B carries a cylinder O fitted with two blades and driven by toothed gearing, as shown in Fig. 2, from the axle M. The axle M carries two pinions J, I separated by a rundle P provided with a stop G to prevent reverse motion. Shear- ing is effected by the scissor action of the revolv- ing blades with a fixed blade D, to which a comb E is fastened to regulate the length of the hair. A curved rack A^ on the second lever actuates the shearing-device. The machine may be modified to work by a crank bpndle or other means. Dec. 28. Draicivgs 2962. Rostaingr, C. S. to Specification. Back and belly hands ; saddles. — Compositions containing gutta - percha, mineral colouring - matters, gums, tannin, and essential oils are used to make " saddles and straps for horses." A.D. 1860. J. Jan. 23. [Provisional 164. Ferry, F. protection only.'] Rwrmway horses, releasing. — A device for enabling the driver to release the horse or horses from an omnibus or other vehicle is so arranged that a skid is simultaneously applied to the wheel or wheels. The splinter-bar is made in more than one piece, and the traces are secured therein by screws passing through metal loops attached to the traces. A lever is mounted on a plate beneath the splinter-bar, and is connected to the splinter-bar and skid. This lever can be operated from the driver's seat by a strap or pedal, to cause the upper part of the splinter-bar to rise and release the traces, and, with the aid of tie-rods, guide the skid under the wheel. The end of the pole is made to slip off, and is carried away by the horses. Jan. 25. [Provisional 191. Keifler, F. A. protection oidy.] Materials ; bridles ; traces.— Fabrics suitable for straps for reins and traces &c. are formed by compounding wire or fibres, or wire or textile fabrics, with leather &c., and coating with gutta- percha or india-rubber. According to one method of making the fabrics, wires are drawn through combs to keep them apart and are coated by being passed through gutta-percha or india-rubber in a plastic state. Two strips of leather of the width of the strap &c. to be produced are simflarlj^ coated, and are placed on either side of the wires and pressed together by rollers which, when making driving-straps, are suitably curved. The strap thus made may be endless. The wire may be woven with a weft of fine wire or other material. The india-rubber may be mixed with 24 1860] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1860 sulphui', and the strap, when formed, vulcanized. For the ^Yires, veaetable fibres may be used, and, for the leather, metallic cloth or other fabric maj^ be substituted. 207. Jeandelize, B. P. Jan. 27. FIC.I Bridles ; stopping and controlling rnii- aw a y and restive animals. — Blinkers for stopping runaway horses are formed with a cavity. Fig, 2, over which is stretched a sheet h of caoutchouc, which keeps the eye of the animal shut^ when the blinker is pressed close by pull- ing a cord. The caoutchouc is secured by a ring c riveted to the blinkers. Tubes a are embedded in the blinkers, and cords, each secured at A, pass through a tube in one blinker, over the horses nose, and through a tube in the other blinker, after which they are con- nected to a rein C. This rein carries a ring fixed to a rein D, by pull- ing which the blinkers are applied. The blinkers may be made of gutta-percha, hardened caout- chouc, boiled leather, sheet iron, or copper, and are covered with leather. The tubes are fixed in the gutta-percha by nails soldered to them, which are fixed in the mould and afterwards cut oft" level with the gutta-percha. 282. Howes, W., and Burley, W. Feb. 3. Whip - sockets. — The bracket b of a carriage is formed with a screw- threaded eye c, into which engages a screw- threaded boss e on the whip-socket d. 292. Mennons, H/L. A. A . L.]. Feb. 4. Saddles ; straps and ban d s.—Jn making leather harness or sad- dlery, leather surfaces are united P., [Desaux-Lacoiir FIC.I. by first roughening them and coating them with a mixture of gutta-percha and petroleum, then placing a thin strip of gutta-percha, softened by heat, between the surfaces, and finally pressing them by means of rollers or otherwise. In making a scarf joint, the edges are bevelled and one is undercut as shown at b, so that the thin exposed edffes lie both in the same direction. 339. Beard, W. Feb. 8. [Provisional pro- tection only.] Whips; ornaments for unspecified articles. — In adapting bead-work or bugle-work to harness and whip handles, annealed brass or other wire is twisted or bound round the article, the bead-work or bugle- work being strung on the wire as re- quired before or during winding, so as to bring out the desired pattern, device, name, or initial. 387. liandsberg-, E. Fel). 13. Dog collars, fastenings FIC.4. for. The tape, strap, band, cord, or chain D, is contained within a but- ton consisting of two shells of metal, wood, pasteboard, gutta-percha, vulcanite, &c , the rims of which overlap or are otherwise held together. The cord &c. is wound round the barrel C, which contains the spiral spring B attached at the end b to the barrel and at the other end to the knob e on the spindle K, The knob d^ prevents the end of the cord from entering the button. When drawn out, the cord is intended to be connected to a button, stud, clasp, buckle, hook, &c. The spring draws the cord, when unfastened, into the button. FIG. 3. 629. Veal, T. March 8. Currycombs. — The back a is provided with the ordinary edge ribs e and with additional strengthe n i n g- r i b s d. The toothed bars c and a central plain bar c^ have their ends / riveted to the back, and are formed by rolling, stamping, or pressing iron bars to the shapes shown in section hi Fig. 3, 64:0. Sheldon, C. March 9. Bits ; spurs ; stirrups ; ornaw.euts for nnspeci- fied articles. — Real and imitation gems are set or 25 1860] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1860 inlaid in stirrups, spurs, bits, and the other metal parts of harness and saddlery. The article to be ornamented is brought into contact with the shaped end oi' a revolving hand or power cutter, Fig. 4, which forms a recess a, P'ig. 3, having a FIG. 3. FIC.5.FIC.4. cylindrical rim. A gem h is inserted into the recess, and the conically-recessed end of a second revolving tool. Fig. 5, is employed to contract the cylindrical rim on to the gem to hold it in position. U 713. Johnson, J. H., [Crane, H.]. March 17. [Provisional jivotection only.] Bits.— The ordinary bit is formed with a groove, in which a thinner bit is normally held by springs. Wlien the ordinary bit is gripped between the teeth of the horse a strong pull on the reins with- draws the thinner bit against the action of the springs and allows it to act as an ordinary bit. Helical springs or blade springs may be employed, and stops limit their extension. 737. Newton, A. V., [Bieduj, E.]. March 21. [Provisional protection only.] Bridles ; fastening. — The bridle reins are fastened to the lower extremities of the side cheeks of the bit and also to upper points on the side cheeks near to their jjoints of connection with the bit, the upper fastenings being made by means of india-rubber or other elastic bands secured to the reins and to the side cheeks. The ordinary action is obtained through the upper elastic fastenings, but a strong pull for reining-iu a restive or runaway horse extends these fasten- ings and is exerted on the bit through the lower fastenings also. 1136. McDonald, W. May 8. Saddles ; stirrui) strains ; stirrups ; saddle-bags. —A military saddle is made without a tree but with an iron gullet, and panels extending under the cantle. The seat is made in one piece of leather blocked to shape and attached to the knee flaps. Only one strap is used for each stirrup. Its lower end is fixed to a square bar passing through keyhole slots in the stirrup iron. The strap is shortened by lowering the bar into the round parts of the slots, turning it round, and replacing it. A loop at the upper end of the strap is passed over a D-hook which drops into holes in two stud pins on the side of the gullet and forms also an attachment for the girth strap and breast straps. The girth is made wide and is divided for about a third of its length at each end into two straps one to fasten to the front and the other to the back of the saddle. The kit is carried in a loose flexible valise, which is placed over the entire front of the saddle and may carry horse-shoes &c. at its centre. FIG. 3? 1234. Davey, S. May 19. F ast eni n g . — A double hook of the form shown is pro- vided with points or ends projecting ap- proximately in oppo- site directions and adapted to pierce the material or to engage with eyelets. 1318. Dufoss^, E. May 29. Saddles. — Saddle seats are constructed upon a FIG. 35 framework having hori zoutal channels for air currents. The channels are located between two boards B, Fig. 35. The boards have an aperture in the centre and maj- be separated by cross- pieces A forming radial partitions. Such frame- works may also be constructed of concentric metal hoops connected by spokes, or of rubber run into one piece, or pieces of rubber cloth &c. fastened together. The upholstered i^art, con- sisting of stuffing, springs, &c., may be placed on one or both sides of the fiamework which is affixed to the saddle. FIC.I4 1320. Gullick, T. May 29. Spurs and spur- carriers. — Spur- carriers are built up in boot heels. A plug T, Fig. 14, on the spur enters the opening c in a box L built into the heel, and is held against a seating J by a spring D. When not in use, the opening is closed by a door C and spring I. 1362. Smith, W. W. H. June 2. Disclaimer. Bridles. — Leather for the blinkers of cairiage harness is stamped out to the proper shape, steeped in water, and subjected to pressure between the heated and shaped dies of a screw or eccentric press; 26 1860] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1860 1519. Gedg-e, W. E., [Duchene, A.]. June 22. [Provisional protection only.] Bridles; controlling restive aninuds ; fastening; pads for. — Relates to means fou covering- the eyes of a horse in an emergency. In one form, an india-rubber or like veil is secured to the bridle so that, by pulling safety-reins which slide along the bridle, the veil is pulled down guide- rods over the ej^es and is held down by the engagement of rings on hooks near the bottom of the guide-rods. In another form, an oval plate having " one oblique and three horizontal open- " ings " is employed for each eye. A pull on the reins presses a spring which releases a tumbler and, " by tightening the counterpart, blinds the " animal. An oval wire plate is riveted to a •' spiral spring " and at the moment of release " forms hinge with the counterpart. The wire " piece must be padded, so as to exclude all light " from the eye." The reins are hollow and thx'ough them pass cords for re-adjusting the parts. For carriage harness, a pad adapted to cover the eye is riveted to a spring-pressed rod which passes through the blinker. The rod is normally held with the spring compressed by a tumbler which is withdrawn when the reins are pulled to release the rod. 1669. Walker, R. July 11. [Provisional protection only.] Bits ; stopping and controlling runaway and restive animals ; fastening reins. The rein is fastened on each side to the projecting end of the bit, and is connected by a short elastic piece to the cheek. A gentle pull acts only on the cheek of the bit, but, on the horse bolting, the resistance of the elastic piece is overcome and the rein acts with greater leverage on the end of the bar. In a modification, the rein is fastened to a lever pivoted to the end of the bar and con- nected to the cheek by a spring. 1881. Strada, E. A., Count de. Au^ FIG. 3. Stopping and controlling rumnvay and restive animals; bridles.— Fov stopping and controlling runawaj- or restive horses, the bridle is provided with a pair of pivoted levers A normally resting upon the noseband B. If a rein m is pulled, the levers are brought down over tlie animal's nostrils. On releasing the rein, the levers are carried back to normal position by spiral springs on the pivots. The extent to which the levers may move is limited by arms k. 1912. Thornton, E. IW, Aug. 8. Rein-holders. — A rein- holder consists of arms a, pivoted on a pin h, and partly enclosed in a cover d, the lower ends of which are pressed outwards by a spring c. The rein-holder may be attached to the dash- board or footboard of a vehicle, or to the saddle of a riding-horse. FIC 1952. Orang-e, E. B. Aug. IH. [Provisional Ijrotection oidy.] Runaway horses, re/easwg. — In an arrangement for releasing runaway horses, each shaft is formed in two parts, connected together by bolting the back part in a sheath fixed to the front part. The traces are attached to the front parts, which are carried away from the -vehicle by the horse when the bolts are withdrawn. The 'withdrawal of the bolts is effected by means of rods with rack and pinion and of a toothed sector actuated by a cord within reach of the driver. The shafts are sometimes adapted to be similarly separated from the cross-bar. In the case of two-horse carriages, the splinter-bars are released and carried oft' by the horses together with the pole chains. Sept. 1. [Provisional pro- 2112. Allen, F. tection only.] Horse breaking and training harness. — In a dumb-jockey for use in breaking and training horses, an upright bar carried by an arch fitted to the horse has a vertically-adjustable cross-bar cai'rying two springs acting in the same manner as a man's hand on the animal's mouth. The springs may be brought together or separated at the option of the breaker. 2181. Kleinfelder, J. J. C, and Girardet, C. Sept. 8. [Provisioned protection ui.ly.] Breeching ; tugs, shaft ; fastening.— -The splinter- bar is made hollow and is provided with friction- rollers round which the traces are passed into the splinter-bar, where they are adjustably secured together by notched studs. The tugs are formed of hinged metal loops, which open to admit the shafts and which are normally secured by a divided pin. Straps "arc secured at one end to 27 1860J ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1860 " the tug or saddle, and after passing through an " eye or ring are fastened I:)y the otlier end to the " shafts, by which means increased plaj^ and ease " is given, to the crupper or rump strap wlien "backing or going down hill." 2249. Barnwell, S., and Rollason, A. Sept. 15. Back mid helly hands. — Compositions containing pyroxylin, oils, gums, resins, india-rubber and gutta-percha, salts, colours, and animal, mineral, and vegetable matters are used in solution to cement fabrics together for use as harness. 2661. Ghislin, T. C. protection only.] Oct. 31. [Provisional Whips and whip-sockets —The marine plant eiklonia hncciiialis is treated "by chemical and " other processes " and used for whip-sockets and whip handles. 2691. Kinsberg-h, J. K. TH. van. Nov. 3. [Provisional protection only.] Stnfflnci-materials. — To enable " porks' wool " i.e. the mixed down and bristle " that certain " porks of the northern countries possess," to be utilized for all kinds of stuffing, bedding, &e., it is rendered as elastic as horsehair and as flexible as wool by subjecting it to the following known pro- cesses : (1) washing, and, if necessary, scouring, (2) drying, (3) beating or carding, (4) spinning as curled horsehair is spun, (5) turning it to the shape of a corkscrew or of curled horsehair, (6) boiling for an hour or two in pure or slightly alumed water, and (7) drying. " Porks' wool " thus prepared can be sold cheaper than either horsehair or wool, for which it may be substituted or with which it mav be mixed. 2717. Hewitt, W. Nov. 6. FIC. Whip-sockets are provided with bow-shaped springs h which are covered with soft leather or like material. The springs are attached by stitch- ing to a leather band e, and then inserted in the socket. They are riveted or stitched to the bottom of the socket, and are fixed at the top by stitch- ing the band e to the socket. 2857. BIyring-, C. Nov. 21. FIC. 14. Y////////A ^-^ Harness furniture, making. — For manufacturing covered harness furniture, buckles, slides, rings, and like articles, the leather is pressed on the metal form, polished, stitched, and pared oif round the edges. The covering-leather, pasted wet over the metal form, is pressed round the metal in dies. The buckle or other article, partially dried, is then pressed in steam-heated dies, whereby" the leather is polished and hardened, oil being used to preserve its nature. The buckle, now dry, is dyed or blacked and removed to a polishing- apparatus, consisting of a pivoted lever carrying a leather pad which is rubbed horizontally over the buckle. Polishing is completed by again passing through the dies, when the buckle is then ready for sewing. This is effected in a modifica- tion of the machine knowai as Simpson's P.' tent. After the sewing operation, the silk or thread is tied or fastened off in the apparatus shown in Fig. 11, in which the buckle is held by a pair of clamps worked by a treadle and opened by a spring between the jaws. The beaks of the jaws clip the bar of the buckle at the part left luicovered for the tongue. The treadle being secured in a rack, the thread on the top side of the buckle is pulled through to the underside and tied. The superfluous leather is removed by the tool shown in Fig. 14, which is grasped by hand and drawn round the edge of the article, slipped over a rotating mandrel. The cutter c is hollowed to somewhat the form of the blank, so that it cannot injure the stitching. In lieu of using this tool, the buckle may be placed in dies furnished with cutting-edges. After the edge has been smoothed, coloured, and rubbed upon soft cotton print, the tongue, in the case of a buckle, is attached by means of a press. Nov. 22. [Provisional 2863. Ziovick, W. F. protection only.] Bits. — A second mouth bar or bit is placed two or three inches below the ordinary bit, and the rings to which the reins are attached are con- nected to the side bars of the snaflle at points between the ends of the two mouth bits, so that the upper mouth bit serves as a pivot for the lower bit and the side bars. 28 1860] ABRlDaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1861 3163. Desboroug-h, S., and IHiddleton, S. Dec. 26. TF/i ips ; whip-sockets. — Handles and sockets tor whips are made by dove- tailing the edges of the leather, as shown in Fig. 11, inserting wire, whalebone, or like strips, and lilling up the joints with rubber FIG. II. solution, shellac, or the like. A method of piercing leather edgewise is described in Specification No. 378, A.D. 1858. Leather vaay be used which has been tanned without removing the hair, the latter being pressed flat and coated with rubber solution or the like. This process may be applied to handles made from tails as described in Specifi- cation No. 2578, A.D. 1856. A.D. 1861. 13. Stevens, C, [Marque, L.]. Jan. 3. [Provisioiml prof eci ion only.] Stoppinc) and controUiuci runaway and restive animals.— A device for stopping runaway horses consists of a spring muzzle, of steel covered with leather, which is supported by a forked piece extending down the forehead of the animal, and has an oval-shaped member adapted to seize the horse's nostrils when operated by a cord or baud attached to a ring on the pommel of the saddle. A martingale connects the muzzle with the girth. In the case of carriage horses, this device may be supplemented by adapting the blinkers to be drawn over the animal's eyes when two crossed straps are operated by the drivei', or the latter arrangement may be used separately. 173. Henderson, R. Jan. 22. Horse breakincj a)id trahdng harness. — In a dumb-jockey for breaking and training horses, a metal clamp or frame a is hinged at b, furnished with girths c, and padded on the inside. The upper portion d of the frame is arched in order to prevent the apparatus from pressing on the horse's spine. A transverse bar / is adjustably fixed on a vertical bar e by a set-screw h. Slides /, fur- nislied witlr springs fc and shackles I, are adjust- ably fixed on the bar /, and constitute the "hands " of tlie jockey. Upper reins m are attached to the .shackles I, and may, if desired, be brought close up to the bar e by reversing the position of the slides i on the bar /. A crupper o is attached to the bar /, or to the frame a or some other portion of the jockej^. Lower reins are attached to the frame a at q. 458. Stevens, C, [Beaujouan, A.]. Feb. 23. Collars, neck. — Relates to an elastic collar pro- vided with a rubber air cushion C, iia addition to the ordinary pads. The air is introduced through tubes a, which are closed by tying their ends round flat pieces of wood, bone, or the like, The cushion is covered with canvas or other material A, and may have a second leather cov er in addition to the outside covering B. Its division into separate compartments permits of the collar being opened at the bottom, but it may consist of a single chamber. The finished collar is shown at D. The Provisional Specification states that the leather cover is laced on the outer side. 29 1861] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1861 517. Newton, T. Feb. 28. [Provisional pro- tection only.] Saddles ; saddle-hags ; saddle cloths ; small- arms, attaching.— Holsters and valises are fastened to saddles by plugs fitting into sockets, those for the holsters being preferably in forward projec- tions of the stirrup bars. The holsters are further secured by india-rubber rings round them, which are connected by a chain or other metal coupling. A leather strap is also passed through slits in the holster and saddle, which strap also fastens the panels. A strap connected to the holsters is carried back under the saddle and buckled to another strap fastened to the valise or its phig. The pair of holsters and the valise are each fitted with a separate flounce, which does not extend over the seat of the saddle. The numnah and shabrague are made in one piece. April 9. [Provisional protec- 869. Gill, G. tion only.] Fastening. — The passage to the interior of a hook is closed by a part Jointed by a pin to the stem. The end of this part has an arm which, when closed, passes through a hole in the end of the hook, crosses the loop, and enters a recess in the opposite side, where it is retained by a spring or split in the arm and by recesses which act as catches. The closing-piece and cross-bar may be made to move inwards, and be acted upon by a spiral spring. The ring is formed with a cap or socket. The stem of the hook has a fixed collar or head and a loose collar. The fixed collar is placed within the cap and the loose collar is secured to the cap by pins, soldering, &c. 605. Tomlinson, J. March 12. FIC.2 Fastening.— A buckle fastening for harness and saddlery and other purposes is adapted to be operated bj^ the rider or driver. The loops for the traces or other straps project from the edge of a plate B, and the tongues D, hinged on the outer parts of the loops, have a hole engaged by the point of a bolt on a pivoted plate E. This plate carries a stud P, which projects through a slot in a coverijig-plate G and catches upon a lip 1 on the loop plate. A spring K is interposed between the plates G, E. On pulling a rein attached to the stud, the bolt plate is drawn partly round, and the traces are released. When used as a draw-plate, it is hinged, swivelled, or strapped to the shaft. In double harness, four buckle loops and bolts are used, the back and belly bands being attached to two opposite loops, and the traces to the other two. For a pole, two strap loops are provided perpendicular to the plate. 853. G-hislin, T. G-. April G. [Letters Patent void for icant of Final Specification.] Whips and whip-socltets. — The marine plant, eiklonia Intccinalis is used for manufacturing, coating, or ornamenting whip-sockets and whip handles. 1018. Ziecot, E., [Garhonino, B. M. V. C, Veuve de Favre]. April 24. [Provisional pro- tection only.] Nosebags. — A nosebag for horses is formed at the bottom with one or two twine nets for sifting the food and for allowing the saliva to flow away. Two oval apertures covered with similar netting are also formed near the middle of the bag to permit free respiration. 1073. Desplas, J. B. H. April 29. [Pro- visional protection only.] Knee-caps ; horse-hoots ; elboiv pads. — Bands for protecting the knees, legs, or fetlocks of horses are made of elastic sheeting composed of india- rubber and gutta-percha vulcanized. The edges are made of double or triple thickness. The bands are coloured to suit the colour of the animal. 1075. Johnson, W. April 29. Saddles ; mateWf//s.— Sheet metal, such as sheet steel, is cut to the proper shape, and is bent or otherwise embossed into a single splayed bridge or arch of the form of a saddle-tree. The saddle- tree may be constructed from one strip or more of sheet metal, and may be covered with leather, padded, and stuffed. 1102. G-latard, J». May 2. Collars, neck ; rnnaway horses, releasing; stoi)ping rnnaicay animals; fastening; tvgs, shaft.— In an arrangement for releasing run- away horses, the traces terminate in plates which are held between lugs B on the collar by pins I, on spring-controlled rods D, which pass 30 1861] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1861 through holes in the plates. The rods are connected by chains to a ring H, from which a rein proceeds to the driver so that it can be pulled to release the horse. The chains may pass over pulleys in a box screwed to the collar, in which case they are connected to a metal band to which the rein is attached. Traces are sometimes dis- pensed with, the shafts passing through rings M, Fig. 4, in which they are secured by pins. The rings carry jjlates which are attached to the collar by the pins I. The shafts may slide in hoolvs or rings on the back- band D, Fig. 6, which bears against a stop C and carries the breeching R and the bellyband. The trace T, terminates in a T-shaped plate, and is sustained by a ring when the horse is released In two-horse vehicles, the traces are connected, through loops on plates A, Fig. 7, to a chain or band d carried by rings in a socket at the end of the pole F, so that, when the plates A are released from the collar, they are held up, the horses carrying away all the harness and half of the reins. A long cord connected to the bit winds on a drum on the vehicle to stop the horse after it has been released. The adjust- able straps supporting the breeching pass through a slotted angle-piece riveted to the breeching-strap. May 8. [Prnvisional 1157. Pickett, J. protection only.] Whips. — -The handles of whips are ornamented by being coated with a sti'ong adhesive varnish and then dusted over with flock. The flock may be dusted on, either in one operation or in separate dift'erently-coloured portions at a time so as to produce any desired pattern. The handle or stick may also receive a pattern in relief by pressure in a die before or after being coated. Braiding or plaiting machines maj' be employed to weave ornamental effects on the finisliod sticks in wire, silk, or whalebone. A gilt pattern is produced by heating a stamp or roller die, passing it over a leather pad on which is spread metal leaf or bronze powder, and then pressing the die on to the coated stick. The flocked article may be sized and varnished to resemble leather, or may be ornamented by having attached to it patterns in metal or velvet. May 11. [Provisional 1203. Swindells, K. protection only.] Collars, neck. — The collar is moulded to form gutters, and the rib at the edge of the housing is lengthened, so that rain which falls on the collar is conducted away to fall clear of the horse. The sides and back of the housing are made in one piece. The harness straps are attached to the inside of the collar. The stutted part is attached to the inside of the collar instead of to the facing, in order to facilitate repairs. 1451. Cole, R. Zi. June 7. [Provisional protection only.] Ciu'rycombs. — A brushing-surface, to take the place of a currycomb and a brush for horses and cattle, is formed as a glove from a fabric having a coco-nut fibre pile. The fibre is woven into a foundation composed of strands of hemp inter- laced by weft threads, so disposed as to secure the tufts of coco-nut fibre in position. The glove is lined with cotton, which is continued beyond one edge to form a thumb-piece. The back and front being alike, the glove may be used on either hand indifllerently. 1624. Stevens, C, [Marque, L.]. June 25. FIG. II. FIG. 18. Bridles; stopping a n d controlling r un a way an d restive animals. — For the purpose of stopping a run- 1 away horse,a spring is adapted to be pressed o n its nostrils to prevent breathing, and blinkers can be closed over its eyes. A steel spring c, covered with leather, is opened, and the oval pieces a pressed on the animal's nostrils, by pulling a strap attached to a ring at the back of the spring. The strap after passing the collar, may enter the right reua, which is made round to receive it. The strap terminates in a ring within reach of the driver's hand. In the case of riding-horses, the strap is attached to the pommel of the saddle. A martingale may be fastened to the girth and to the rina; on the spring. The spring is supported by a strap d. The blinkers h are provided with nngs 31 1861] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1861 to which straps are attached, Tlie straps cross over the horse's head, and are united at the collar to a rein which passes to the driver. 1660. Eag-le, R. N. 3\me 29, [Prvvisional }}rotectio)i onlij.] Stimijys ai'e suspended, so as to incline the tread upwards towards the horse, by a loop with an adjusting-screw attached to the stirrup. The suspendiug-eye of the stirrup is set at an angle, to prevent the strap from twisting, the horizontal axis of suspension being parallel to a diagonal line crossing the foot from the little toe to the instep. 2177. Jones, J. Aug. 31, FIC.I Fastening. — The fastening is formed in two portions, secured by sewing, eyeleting, &c., to the two parts to be secured. One part consists of a flat plate a with the edges bent up to form wedge- shaped recesses b, and with the narrower end bent up to form a stop c. The other part is formed with flat tapered sides g to engage with the wedge-shaped recesses, and its central portion is raised as at h. 2244. Birkbeck, G. H., [Friese, L.]. Sept. 7. Saddles. — The frame of a flexible saddle con- sists of jointed metal plates D, C, E, to which are jointed metal bridge-pieces A, B for supporting the seat. The joints are of any form which per- mit free and independent movement of the ]3arts. The saddle girth is attached to leathers H, and is fastened on tlie horse by means which prevent the buckles from chafing the animal's sides. The side leathers I are lined with felt. The improve- ments are applicable to all kinds of saddles, ladies' saddles having the front bridge-piece of the curved form G. Saddles so constructed readily adjust themselves to the back of any animal, and permit baggage or a knapsack to be convenientlj'^ placed thereon. FIG. 3. 2272. Davis, W. Sept. 1.3. Bei)i - holders. — In order to prevent an attrighted horse from starting oft' with a vehicle in the absence of the driver, the reins are attached to a holder N at the upper end of a lever H, at the lower end of which is a movable segment K which the driver, when he leaves the vehicle, puts into gear with a toothed ring L fixed to the wheel hub. If the horse moves forwards, the revolution of the wheel causes the upper end of the lever to move backwards and pull in the reins. When the horse moves back, the pull on the reins is re- leased by a flexible spring G or by a coiled or other spring. The toothed segment K is carried by a stem tele- scoping into the hollow lever H and capable of being moved up or down by a thumb-piece. In a modification, the toothed segment K and ring L are dispensed with, the lever being acted upon directlj^ by studs projecting laterally from a plate fixed to the wheel hub. 2482. Ghislin, T. G. Oct. 4. Whips. — Materials for whip handles are made as follows -.-Marine plants of the genera eik- Jonia, lamivaria, duvillea, sarco-phycus, &c. are immersed in successive baths of hot calcium hydrate, dilute sulphuric acid, and sodium cai^- bonate, and finally washed. When half dry, the materia] is shaped to the required form. Sheets are made by opening out the tubular plants and drying under pressure. Alternatively, the plants may be steeped successively in potassium carbon- ate, dilute nitric acid, and naphtha, and dried. Thus prepared, the substance is softened by the action of steam or by immersion in sodium-ear- 32 18611 ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1861 bonate solution, and placed in moulds, in which it may be immersed in lead - nitrate solution. According to another method of preparation, the material is steeped in slightly alkaline hot water, stamped, embossed, pressed, or pierced, as re- quired, and hardened by immersion in lead- nitrate solution, and then, if necessary, in a hot solution of alum or aluminium sulphate. In another method, the material is steeped in warm dilute sulphuric acid, and then in a solution of mercuric chloride, lead nitrate, or alum. It is then dried and steeped in a mixture of alcohol, methylated spirit, or wood spirit, linseed oil, rosin, gum " thirsk," or asphalt, and turpentine, shellac, and sandarac. The sribstance is then again dried, softened by steam, and pressed. The product may be bleached by ti'eating it successively with sodium carbonate, sulphurous acid, chloride of lime, and chlorine, and may then be dved or Tarnished. 2539. Sng-lish, A. Specification. Oct. 10. Drawings to Preventing horses from falling. — - To prevent harness horses from falling, a strap attached to the saddle girtli passes up between tlie fore legs and then divides, each part passing through an eye aiul a ring on the collar, through the teri-ets, and below the upper bar of the dashboard to a point below the cushions of the seat, where it is fixed to straps secured by chains to the axle, or continued below the axle to the back of the dog- cart or other vehicle. For four-wheeled vehicles, the straps may pass round a roller under the seat, where they terminate. Short connected branch straps are provided, to be held by driving or to be seized wlien necessary. In some eases, the straps may be led through eyes on the breeching or other parts of the harness, and through eyes and slots in the carriage. 2771. Ashley, J. Nov. 4. Harnessing, systems of. — The shafts of single or pair horse or four-in- hand carriages, and of dogcarts, are foreshortened, terminating at the horses' waists, and the bellyband is attached to loops a on the point leathers b, and is placed before the backband tugs, which are looped to the back part of the point leather, so that, on descending a hill or stopping, they ease back and relieve the horses. The breeching is attached to the loops c, which are placed back far enough to give play to the back- band tugs. The breeching is passed through the FIG. I kicking-strap, w hieh is attached to the loops d. For light vehicles, the breeching may be omitted. Nov. 16. [Provisional 2889. Naisli, W. ■protection only.] Saddle cloths or numnahs are cut from felt or felted cloth and covered with woollen cloth. 2891, Hawkins, J. Nov. 18. FIG. 6. Bits have the mouthpieces fitted so as to slide up and down in the cheeks and to revolve. The mouthpiece, which may be of any form, has a narrowed neck working in a slot in the cheek ; if it has a bow, a quarter turn only is allowed by shaping the neck as shown in Fig. 6. The mouth bar may be attached to rings F, Fig. 8, sliding on the cheek, by screws engaging in grooves in the ring stems which allow the mouthpiece to revolve. 878 This may be effected also by having a sleeve over the ring stems, which are screwed together. The mouthpieces may be made hollow in the same manner as gun barrels, or they may be made of gas tubing case-hardened. 3001. Carpenter, S. A. Nov. 28. Whips ; labels, name plates, and the /iMffilll F ! C like, attaching. — A " ^ "^ ' label. Fig. 7, con- sisting of a plate a on which may be written the name and address, is fixed in a frame b and fastened to the convex side of a tubular spring clip, Fig. 3, by project- u i j- j ing tongues c which are passed through slots d and turned over. The clip may then be sprung over a whip handle. The part b may also be attached to the clip by solde^-ngand a photo- graph inserted instead of the part a. 18611 ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1862 3113. Xiigrhtfoot, W. Dec. 12. Bridles ; HtojipiiU) and co)itroliing runaway and restive animals.— A chain to close the horse's mouth passes round the nose and chin, and is attached to the cheek bars of the bit. Tlie chain a, Fig. 2, attached to the end of one of the cheek bars d, which swivel on the mouth bar, passes under the chin, thi'ough a metallic loop b in the opposite cheek strap, over the nose, and through a similar loop in tb3 other strap, and is fixed to the end of the second cheek bar. A plate or strap msy be used instead of the chain. 3274. Hug-hes, E. T., [Peck, J. B., and Peck, T. B.]. Dec. 31. Saddles. — Padded stops / are attached by n etal bands to the wooden frame of the saddle and to the saddle-tree, so as to overhang the rider's legs and Ijrevent him from being unseated. The stops / are placed sufiBciently far apart to prevent injury to the rider if he is thrown forwards. The stops also serve as a support for the holsters of a military saddle. A.D. 1862. Jan. 14. [Provisioyml pco- 101. Carter, J. tection ovly.'] Tiujs, shaft ; fasteni}ig.— A shaft tug is made in two parts, hinged together by a knuckle hinge, and secured by a brass or other latch which engages a catch placed close to the buckle by which the tug is attached to the backband. The shaft is inserted in the tug, the backband not being passed round the shaft. 337. Carring-ton, J. Feb. S. Train ing and hreak- ing-in horses. — The F I C 7. object is to accustom young horses to the l3it. The posts b of the stalls of stables are made hollow, and each side of the bit is attached to a strip of webbing q passing over the roller q^. When the webbing q is pulled, a weight attached to the rope t offers the necessary resistance. 34 1862] ABKTDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1862 380. Hewitt, W. Feb. 13. liein - holders. — A clip of steel or similar F I C . I . material lits on the dashboard of the vehicle and to this clip is attached one end of a spring tongne. A block on the luider- side of the spring- bears normally against the dashboard, and the reins are held between this block and the dash- board. In a modification, the block is omitted. The rein-holder may be covered with leather, or it may be japanned, painted, or otherwise ornamented. In another modification, the spring tongue overlaps bnt does not extend beyond the clip, and then the reins are held between tlie tongue and the clip. The clip may be replaced by a plate fixed to the dashboard by screws, sewing, or otherwise. Saddles. — The third or leaping crutch of ladies' saddles is made detachable and adjustable. The crutch c. Fig. 1, is connected to its sliding base b by a screwed shank, which passes through the base, as shown in J'ig. 5, and enters anyone of the holes e in the guide-plate a. In a modification, the base is fitted with a concave screw working on a screwed spindle 1i, Fig. 6, which is rotated, in order to adjust the crutch i, by bevel gearing I connecting it to a spindle m passing transversely 878 through the saddle-tree and terminating in a handle. In another modification, the crutch o, Fig. 9, is attached to eitlier end of the spindle p, and is secured in any desired position by a screw s in an arm r on the other end of the spindle, which screw enters one of several holes in the plate t. J. Feb. 21. [Provisional 466. Krasuski, protection only.] Controlling restive animals. — The motion of the fore or hind legs is restricted by operating a ligature placed above the hocks. The ligature is attached to a cord, chain, or strap, which is tightened by a hand winch, or it is attached to a hand rein which when slackened allows it to drop from an inoperative to an operative position. Horses harnessed together have an adjacent pair ol legs connected. The winch may tighten a cord connected to the bit. 573. R^mond, P. March 3. Bits ; bridles and halters. — The mouth bar F, having rollers J^ and a tongue guide K fitted with a roller fits in square holes in the curved cheek bars A and in plates N, to which the snafile reins are attached, and is held by screws T. The cheek bars are held in position by a curved bar P and are attached to the curb reins by rings H, and at the upper end to the cheek bands U adjustable in length by means of buckles X. The curbs Z are of leather and attached to holders S hooked to the cheek bars at the top. The fillet Y passes through scutch- eons on the cheek straps and forms a throat band. 607. Shipley, J. G. March 7. Bridles ; bits. — The cheeks of bits are made in two parts to allow different mouth- pieces to be fitted to them, and the cheek straps which connect the bridle head and reins to the bit are fastened by buttons a in- stead of buckles 35 c 2 1862] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1862 ifli FIC.3. or sewing. The part A of the bit, Fig. 3, has a square shank e,and a proje c t i o n c wliich screws in the part B. The shank e may be round and elon- gated to allow the mouthpiece to slide up or down on it. De- tachable mouth- pieces are some- times provided with tapped ends, which engage oppositely- threaded screws b. Fig. 7, on pieces B carried by the cheeks. Instead of the screws b, plain pins may be inserted in holes in the mouth- pieces, and held by pins or screws. Fig. 8 shows a mouthpiece detachably secured by making the cheek piece in two parts pivoted together. FIC.&. 745. nXennons, DI. A. P., [Durand, A.]. March 18. Drawings to Specification. Stopping and controlling runaway and restive animals. — Electric shocks from an induction coil are applied by the rider or driver to the animal's head. The coil is inserted in the saddle frame, or lodged on the fore part of the carriage, and is connected by wires inserted in the reins to moistened sponges, which are attached to the bridle so as to press against the head at a short distance below the eves. 794. marsh, T. March 22. Collars, neck, hames for. The draught-hook d can be adjusted vertical]}^ on the axis of the staple a, c of the hames ; it is fixed, after ad.iustment, by a set-screw / engaging in any one of a series of a series of grooves in the axis. Instead of the screw /, a pin may be fixed to a spring plate on the liook, to engage in the grooves ; or a fixed pin or screw, such as /, may engage with the grooves l\v means of a bayonet- joint arrangement. FIG. 2 894. liord, W. B., and G-ilbart, F. K. March 31. FIG. 2 FIC.3. Fastening traces, hooks and slipping-devices for. To en- able the traces to be readily freed from the hames if a horse falls, the trace b is secured to the frame a by a hook of the form shown in Fig. 2. The pin e can be readily drawn out to release the trace; it is held in position by a drop-down end /, Fig. 3, which, when the pin is in place, hangs vertically in the space between the cheeks d and h of the hook. To release the pin, it is rotated through a right- angle, when the stem of the end / will have been brought into coincidence with an open slot in the cheek h, and can then be turned outwards through the slot into alignment with the pin e, which can then be pulled out. Stops limit the turning and sliding of the pin. FIG. I 928. Newton, A. V., [Weymouth, A. L.]. April 2. Bits ; horse breaking and train- ing harness ; stoj^- ping and controlling riinaiLKiy and res- tive animals. — The bit is foi'med of two bars b b^ pivoted together centrally by a pin c so that they may expand and distend the mouth of the ani- mal. It may be used with an ordinary bit, or separately. The ends of the bars are ben tat right-angles to form rings d which are con- ' >^ nected by chains a ' -^ \ to a head strap. ' v \ On the bar b^, Fig. '"--\ '?, is formed a rack e into which a pawl E, centered on the bar b, engages and is kept in position by springs /. The bit is closed when being iitted into the mouth of the animal in front of the ordinary bit, but as soon as the animal opens its jaws the bit expands and is held open as shown. In a modification, the bit is used without an ordinary bit and a lever attach- ment is employed to expand it. Two bent 36 1862] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS Ac. [1862 levers B^ E", Fig. 1*, pivoted together at their bends by ;i pin e\ are connected as shown at f to tlie parts d of the bit and are controlled by an extra rein. In a nioditication, the levers are in two parts so tliat the part e^, f^ is permanently fixedtothe bit, whilst the back part of the lever is detachable. The part E^ is held in position by a strap. The i*eins G, attached to the bars h, h^ at opposite ends of the bit, are used when the device is to act as an ordinary bit. By pulling the reins F attached to the ring-shaped ends of the levers E", the bars h, b^ expand and distend the mouth of the animal. 1176. Kolden, protection only.] Ii. April 23. [Provisional - Tugs, shaft ; fastening ,* saddles. — The shaft tug a is made of iron covered with leather or other material, in- stead of being made of leather only as is usual. The buckle, used to fasten the tug to the strap -which passes over the saddle, is fitted to the tug by means of a pin b, so that it can be easily renewed. The saddles of draught animals are formed of metal or covered metal, instead of leather only. 1277. Carter, J. 1*1. April 30. FIG. 3. FIG. 2. FIG. 6. nC.5. CoUnrs, neck ; lugs, iihaft ; saddles ; ter- rets ; fastening. — The hook on the front end of the shaft. Fig 3, enters an eye h on the hame and is normally prevented from leav- ing the eye by the posi- tion assumed by the hinged extremity of the hook. The shaft has a slot o into which the shaft tug can be engaged after the hinged piece k has been opened. To hold the shafts in position, the surcingle is attached to the under part of each tug, and the straps are buckled together under the horse. The straps which support the traces in double harness move in a groove in the cushion of the pad or saddle, the upper ends of the straps being provided with bars which prevent disengagement of the straps. Twisting of the reins when in use is prevented by passing them through the narrow upper ;part of the terret shown in Fig. 6. 1351. Greaves, W. May 6. FIG. 2. Stirrup straps, suspending. — Consists oflTa safety stirrup bar for releasing the stirrup straps when the rider is thrown and hung on the stirmp iron. The bracket A, curved to obviate the necessity of the usual top piece, is riveted to the saddle-tree at a. The piece B, D, hanged at b to the part C, is held in the position shown in Fig. 1 by the spring E, its inner end engaging in a slot in the part A. If any extraordinary strain of the stirrup strap against the wing D occurs, the part B will be raised to the position shown in Fig. 2, and the strap will then slip over the part D. 1612. Boisset, P., and Antog-nini, S. May 29. Spurs and spur- carriers. — A threaded box D is fitted in a rubber heel of a boot or shoe to engage with and hold a screw part V of a spur P. . ^. . ±. A screw stopper n prevents admission of dirt to the box. A projection 4 on the spur engages with a groove on the stopper, so that, in removing the spur, the stopper n is brought to the outer end of the box D. 1628. Iidon, 1. May 30. [Provisional pro- tection only.~\ Stopping and controlling runaway and restive animals.-The rein passes into a martingale with 37 1862] .AJBKIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. L1862 rings placed on each side of the collar, then through a ring on each side of the piston snaffle, rises under the animal's throat, and passes into two rings in the headstall. The horseman pulls the rein, which then tightens across the animal's throat. For horses harnessed to carriages, the rein passes through screw rings fixed to the seat. Those parts of the rein which pass through tlio rings may be round in section, and may work on rollers or small pulleys. 1735. Xiennan, W. June 11. FIC.I. Stirrups. — A stirrup for disengaging the rider's foot is shown in Fig. 1. The plate A, attached to a cross-bar B, which is pivoted in the arms C, rests in its normal position on a cross-bar G. The lower ends d of a swinging U-shaped fpawl D pivoted at E in the frame C rest against the back of the frame. By depressing the back of the plate A by the heel, the plate swings upwards ; the pawl D rises to allow the plate to pass and then drops to its former position, preventing the return of the plate A. The pawl is lined with padding F to protect the rider's foot. 1894. IVIennons, M. A. P., [Wachter, L. June 28. B.I Knee-caps; horse-hoots. — Appliances for treating Swellings and tumours on- the knees, houghs, shanks, and fetlocks of horses, are made of caout- chouc or other suitable elastic material, and moulded to the exact form of the limb. The fippliances are provided with thickened seams or ribs h in which the eyelets c are set. A series of projecting cushions corresponding with the hollows of the joint, are cast or otherwise formed within the envelopes or bandages A, B, C, D. The hough piece B may be provided with straps e for regulating the pressure. When made of caoutchouc or other impermeable material, perforations are provided for the escape of perspiration. July 8. [Provisional 1968. Bourke, J. protection only.] Clothing for animals. — A cavalry valise, which when unrolled is used as a horse cloth, is formed of waterproof material, to one end of which two strips of material are secured by their ends and one long side, thus forming a wallet. The sides of the large piece are folded over and rolled up. 2647. Addison Speciflcation. 7 J. Sept. 29. Draivings to Tethering animals. — Consists in means for picketing horses. Two plates are sunk in pits, leaving some loose earth spread over the bottoms, and as much water is poured in as will cover the plates ; the earth is thrown in and well beaten down. "By putting in the water a perfect " vacuum is created, and consequently a perfect "atmospheric pressure." A rope is attached to chains connected to the plate, and to this rope the horses are presumably tethered. 2648. Brooman, R. A., [Waltz, J. C.]. Sept. 29. Saddles ; collars, neck. — The saddle-tree con- sists of thin wood side frames a, a^Figs. 1 and 2, with a space b between them, connected at the front and back by curved pieces c, d and the back pommel e. A layer of damp leather is spread under the tree, and bulged out in the space b, by a curved expanding frame in which a wedge I is driven at each end, to the curved shape g. The leather is partialljr dried in a stove, then trimmed and sewed to the side frames, which, with the pommels, are covered with leather strips, and the drying is then completed. A metal bow is fixed across the head of the tree. Stirrup loops &c. and padding are then added. In making collars, Figs. 8 and 10, the leather p is shaped, as in the previous case, on a wood mould, which 38 1862] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &( [1862 may be built in section^., having a metal flange r secured to it. When tlie leather is dried, the mi uld is removed and the flange is maintained nc.2 rigid hy having fixed, above and below, a wooden or metal bar s and a leather or wooden band t, respectively. A piece of wood u, fitted under the FIC.IO cheeks i', maintains the curve of the leather. The visual coverings of fabric and straw or other packing are used, and finally a leather cover is applied. ZI. A. Oct. 16. DraivUiga 2794. Rdmi^re, to Specification. Collars, necks ; lining and padding ; pads for. — Vulcanized india-rubber cushions or pads filled with uncompressed air are attached on the inside of horses' collars. An inner covering of some impermeable material, to protect the pads from sweat from the horse or dampness, is applied, and the usual leather covering then added. The vulcanized rubber preferred is made of a mixture of Java rubber, flowers of sulphur, white zinc, chloride of calcium, and black lead ; this is heated and mixed in the usual way, and finally heated to a temperature of from 50° to 60° R. ; it is then ready to be moulded to the required shape, which is generally flat on the side nearer the straw of the collar, and round on the side nearer the animal. In order that the pad may still retain its form if pierced, it must not be distended by the air introduced ; the hole is closed, and the moulds and contents are subjected to a tem- perature of from 150° to 200" R. for about two hours. 2871. Z.uke, G., and Xiuke, W. Oct. 25. Stirrups.— The nio viable tongue D, fitted either on the bar C or the bar B of the stirrup ej'e, re- places the ordinary buckle of the stirrup leather, thereby allowing the use of single leathers. The tongue D acts as a buckle tongiie for adjust- ing the length of the stirrup strap. 3173. Austin, W. Nov. 26. [Provisional protection only.] Saddles ; materials. — Woven fabrics are coated with waterproof or other adhesive solutions, covered with paper or waterproofed paper pulp on one or both sides, and subjected to pressure in a hot or cold state. Instead of woven fabrics, fibres of various descriptions are mixed with pulp and laid between sheets cf paper and waterproofed. The surfaces of the material may be lacquered and used for harness and saddles. 3473. Bonneville, H. A., [Coaent, L.l. Dec. 30. !> L J , J FIG FIG. 5. Saddles are made ad- justable to suit horses of different sizes. Two nuts c, fitted to the upper ends of the angle-iron stays A riveted to the tree, are connected by a right and^ left hand screw B, so that, by turning the shoulderD, the nuts c are drawn to- gether or forced apart, diminishing or increasing the span of the saddle. In ordinary saddles, the appliance is fixed behind the saddle bow. Fig. 1. For military saddles the nuts c are attached to iron bands fixed edgeways on the front arch of the saddle bow. In a modifi- cation for ladies' saddles. Fig. 5, strengthening- supports F and jointed stays E are added. The bow may be made of pine with the grain lengthwise of the saddle, covered with raw hide, and lined with walnut or other veneer, witli its grain cross- 39 18631 ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1863 A.D. 1863. 462. Billing-sley, C Feb. 20. FIG.2. Stimip atraps ; fastening. — A single strap is used, and a metal plate with a pin replaces the nsiial buckle. The lower end of the single strap leather a is pro- vided with holes, which take the stud e fixed in the metal iilate d riveted to the strap. The loose end / is retained by the fixed or loose clip g. The upj)er end of the stirrup leather is secured by the loop q to the spring bar of the saddle, the use of several thick- nesses of strap and a buckle being thus avoided. The plate and stud may be used for securing the kicking and crupper straps, or the traces and other parts of harness. a- FIC.6 tf ^e 499. Clay, J. Feb. 24. 687. Johnson, March 13. Saddles ; pads for. — Upper leathers of saddles with pads and rolls are made by compressing one or more than one piece of wetted leather between moulds. The moulds are secuxed together by the strap g and pin /(, the lower mould a having pro- jections c, d, e and the upper one b having corre- sponding openings c^, d^, e^ shaped to form the knee pads, thigh pads, and eantle rolls respec- tively. Stufling-pads may Ije made in a similar pair of moulds. For ornamenting or embossing- saddles, the moulds are provided with projections and openings of the required shape. , K. [Giieldry, V.]. FIC.2.' Fastening hames. In one of a pair oi hames, two holes a, h are made at right-angles to each other and partially overlapping as shown. A pin fitting in a has a notch so formed that, when the ring e to which it is attached is in the position shown in Fig. 2, the stud / on the opposite liame can enter the hole h. In the stud / is a similar notch g into which the pin at a takes when the ring c is turned round through a right-angle. The martingale, passing through the ring e, prevents the fastening from becoming accidentally loosened. 730. Norring-ton, F. March 18. FIC.L Saddles ; clothing for animals ; Tcnee-caps. — Saddle girths are formed of a strip of india-rubber or of india-rubber combined with cotton or woollen fabric. A buckle a. Fig. 1, is attached to each end, preferably by bending the ends of FIC.4. the strip over to form loops before vulcanizing. The buckle carries smaller buckles b. Bands or rollers for horse clothing are made in a similar manner, the buckles being set back a little from the ends. Knee-caps are made of india-rubber, having the central part moulded thicker than the 40 1863] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1863 rest, as shown in Fig. 4. Straps c are moulded on the rubber material and may be strengthened by canvas or other linings. The buckles a are held by loops b formed on the vulcanized rubber as described above. 855. Stewart, A. April 4. [Provisional protection only.] Liniuri and padding twaddles. — The panel or stuffed portion of the saddle, which is applied next to the back of the horse, is made readily removable ; it has fixed in it near its outer edge sockets or nuts to receive thumb-screws passing through the saddle-tree. Two of these screws at the frant part of the saddle serve to receive cloak straps. If a crupper strap is used, then one of the screws is formed with a slotted head to receive the strap. The panel is renoved for dry- ing when required. 901. Newton, April 9. A. v., [Armengaiid, J. E.]. - Stirrup strajjs ; stirrupa ; fastening. — A metal band B, covered with leather, is attached to the bow of the saddle, and pierced with oval- shaped holes 0 into which is placed the button h of the loop c carrying the stirrup leather E. The stirrup D has an upper ring formed at light -angles to the stirrup arch, and the stirrup strap, after passing through the ring d, is fastened at any desired height hy placing the hook F in one or other of the holes in the stirrup leather. May 7. [Provisional 1142. Stanley, A. protection only,] Bridles. — Rosettes for head harness are covered with leather on one or both sides. The leather is moulded, pressed, or embossed to the desired shape, and is secured by sewing round the edges. Central or other ornaments may be attached to the leather by wire shanks passed through the leather and metal and riveted or otherwise secured. The hollow portions of the embossed leather may be filled with any suitable plastic material. n G . 3. 1229. Srowne, S., [Mayer, G.]. May 16. Collars, breast ; collars, neck ; saddles ; ventila- tion. — P r o j e e- tions B, Fig. 3, are formed on elastic sheets and the material is united to wood, metal, leather, or other material C, or simply placed between two substances and used for horse collars and saddles, thereby rendering the articles self- ventilating. 1452. Kain, J. P. June 11. [Provisional protection only.] Whips.— A pasty, solid, or semi-solid perfuming- agent is inserted into the ends of a whip, and the opening is closed by a perforated cap. 1624. ZVIarulaz, Ii. F. A., Baron. June 30. [Provisional protection only.] Combs ; currycombs.— A number of parallel plates, from which the teeth of the combs are to be cut, are arranged vertically in a mould, separated from one another by plates, the thick- ness of which is equal to the distance the teeth will be apart. These plates may be roughened, bent, or of different materials one from another, and. their top edges are tongued. Over the tops of these plates a horizontal slotted plate is placed, the slots of which fit over the plates and then slotted ridges, which are to hold the teeth of the combs. In making ordinary combs, these ridges are placed at right-angles to the lengths of the plates, but if the teeth are to overlap, they will be placed at an angle. The plates are then removed from the mould, and the bottom of the plate placed in notches in another plate, so as to hold them in position. The ridges and teeth plates are then joined together by pouring on solder or the like, and the combs are separated by sawing across the teeth plates parallel to the ridges. For iron or steel combs, zinc may be used for joining, and thus the combs are galvanized at the same time. The combs, with overlapping teeth, may be used for combing animals or as currycombs. 41 18631 ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS .^-c. [1863 1705. Davis, S., [Bomertze, 11. T.]. July 9. {ProvisioMol protection only.] Bits ; bridles ; stopphui and coiitrollincj run- awaij and restive animals.-'The side cheeks of the bit are fitte'l with projecting arms shaped to conform to the cheekbone of the animal. The lower ends of the cheekpieces are connected by the bottom bar of the bit, which is capable of springing when the side cheeks are acted on by pulling the reins or snaffle. To the inside of each cheekpiece is fixed one end of a rod ; these rods form the moiithpiece of the bit ; the other end of each passes through a suitably-shaped slot in the opposite cheekpiece and has a ring attached to which the rein or snaffle is fixed. By pulling one or both reins, the animal is directed or checked. The projecting arms are encased in an adjustable strap encircling the animal's nose. Bj' these methods of fastening, the size of the collar can be adjusted. The padding of the collar can be made narrower and to fit the shoulder of the horse. 1848. Clark, W., [FoliJ, J. E.]. July 23. [Provisional protection only.] Saddles. — To neutralize the shaking due to the motion of the horse, on the saddle bow and under the seat are fitted two spiral springs of steel, hardened copper, or other suitable metal. On these si3rings rest two plates of steel reaching to the head of the saddle, which is tlien covered as usual. July 14. [Pro- 1756. Oppermann, C visional protection only.] Fasteninq. — The object is to facilitate the con- nection of horses to, and their disconnection from, A'ehicles. When shafts are used, the traces are retained by hooks or studs. The hooks are some- times adapted to rotate, and are retained in posi- tion by a spring lever and stop. Another stop prevents the traces from slipping oft" the hook. In the case of poles, the pole chain is connected to the pole by passing it over a stud and securing it there by a sliding plate, which can be held in position by a screw or catch. Or the hooks or studs on the pole may be adapted to turn to allow of the chains dropping off, in which case they would be retained in position by a catch. This arrangement may also be employed to connect the pole chain or strap to the collar. Another hook is formed in two parts, or has two hooks bent in opposite directions. When closed, the points of the hooks overlap one another, and are secured in this position by a screw or sliding cap. In a further modification, a hook or holder has a limb to prevent the harness &c. from slipping off. The limb can turn on the holder, and can be locked by a spring. A projection on the limb prevents its moving too far outwards. These devices facilitate the release of a fallen horse from a vehicle. 1785. Stokes, C. July 16. Collars, neck ; fastenincj ; lining and -padding. — The collar is formed with a metal frame in two parts hinged together at the top and opening at the bottom, and separate hames are dispensed with. Cart collars are fastened by means of a notched bar on one part taking into a fixed stud on the other. Collars for light draught are pre- ferably fastened by a perforated plate sliding into a box in which is a metal tongue acted on by a spring adapted to engage with the perforations. 1852. Eng-lish, A. July 24. FIG. I. fk Harnessing, systems of. — An arrangement of straps for securing horses and other cattle during transit by rail, road, or ship is described in con- nection with railway horse-boxes. Adjustable double straps b, c are pendent from roof irons a. The strap b is connected to an encircling-strap e and to straps /, the lower ends of which are con- nected with a plate h terminating in a loop through which passes the encircling-strap i. The straps g, k pass over the body and are connected to fixed staples m and metal pieces I respectively in the box sides. The horse is thus prevented from falling or lying down, kicking, plunging, or rearing, and may rest his weight on the pendent straps. 2127. Mulet, Ii. A. Aug. 28. [Provisional protection oiily.] Horse-boots. — Shoes or coverings for the feet of animals are made of a composition consisting of hardened india-rubber, gutta-percha, &c., with powdered silica, iron or steel filings, or other granulated metals, sand, and powdered glass. 42 1863] ABRTDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1863 2179. Bonneville, K. A., [Begidn, J. F. F.]. Sept. 3. FIG. I. Harnessing, sustems of. — Poles and shafts are replaced by the wooden or iron apparatus F; D, I, H, adjustably held by the nut D to the tube B of the saddle A, and also by the front branches F. The padded hind branches H, joined to the futchel K, carrj'' bracing-straps at J and ej'es L for straps attached to the carriage to prevent the horse from rearing. At I is attached a light sliield M, of leather or metal, to prevent the reins from entangling with the tail or harness. For two horses, the loops E are joined by a strap, and the splinter-bar carries four mortices for the branches H. Sept. 14. [Provisional 2257. Blillin, G. F. j)rotection only.] Runatvaii horses, releasing. — Restive horses are released by withdrawing a bolt which secures the pole in a socket and holds the end of the traces. Or on withdrawin the bolt a coiled spring may be made to remove horizontal bolts, thereby releasing the shafts of a one-horse vehicle, or the traces of a two-horse vehicle, the pole being- released in the latter case by the socket bolt. 2271. Iiatcliford, B. Sept. 16. Spurs and spur-carriers; fastening. — A metal socket traverses the middle of the boot heel, from back to front, in which the arm c of the spur, with guide-pieces d attached and fitted with a spring catch e, f, engages to fix the spur to the boot. The inner portion of the heel fro n which the head / of the sprinjr projects should be made circular in shape to prevent contact between the stirrup iron or other obstacle, and the spring- head. The usual spur arms which clasp the boot heel may be used, if desired. 2360. Bonneville, K. A., [Landrin, T.]. Sept. 24. [Provisional protection only.] Collars, neck. — Two metal bars A formed on one side with teeth, gearing with the teeth of pinions mounted in the collar and connected to the rein rings D, are joined at the top by a flexible metal plate covered by a leather cap B. By turning the pinions, the size of the collar may be adjusted. 2361. Bonneville, H. A., [Landrin, T.]. Sept. 24. [Provisional protection only.] Fastenings.- In joining two pieces of leather by threads, screws, or rivets, thej^ are slit longitudinally at each side to a suitable depth, the parts through which the fastenings pass being left a little thicker than the others. The pieces are joined, and the thin flaps are turned down to cover the joint and are glned or other- wise fastened by pressure. 2408. Dickey, G-. Oct. 1. FIG. I Bridles and halters. — Relates to blinkers for horses, and con- sists in the use of adjustable opaque screens, winkers, or blinkers rising from the side of the animal's head, which may, when desired, be caused to cover the eyes. Attached to a metal plate in the cheek strap is a metal plate B, Fig. 1, having a slot through which passes a pin con- necting a lever C with the end of a jointed lever D, Fig. 2, working in a recess in the leather part A of the ordinary blinker behind a curved, hinged plate E ; this is held in position normally by a spring H working in a guide the parts W, W being screwed to the part A. By pulling the lever C, by means of a rein, the lever D lifts the plate F, attached to the plate E, and causes the latter to be turned over the animal's eye, te protect which the plate E is padded, and an opaque lining of flexible material is stretched across the aperture in the plate E. 43 1863] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1863 The ordinary winker may be padded and hinged to tlie cheek strap and operated similarly by levers. In a moclilicatiou, a tan-like winker formed of vanes or strips of metal is held normally either open or closed by a coiled spring. By an arrange- ment of a pin and curved plate, the framework of the blinker is made to clear the projecting bone of the eye. In another modification, an opaque elastic fabric mounted on an expanding frame may be drawn across the eyes. 2488. Fairbanks, W. B., Iiavender, J., and Iiavender, P. Oct. 10. Collars, neck.— The draught-eyes are formed with the hames instead of being welded on as usual. Two pieces of iron may be welded together and shaped as shown in Fig. 2, or each hame may be formed from one piece of metal bent as shown in Fig. 1b, or twisted in any way to form the draught-eye and afterwards welded and shaped by hammering in dies. 2579. Clarkson, T. C. Oct. 21. Saddles ; materials ; measuring ; comhined ivith pumps ; traces ; fastening ; tugs, shaft ; stirrup straps, suspending. — In making military, pack, and other saddles, a skeleton mould is formed of parallel ribs fitted with screw bolts by which the form is adapted to the shape of the animal's back. This is covered with successive layers of canvas, sheet cork, and felt, cemented together by india-rubber &c. solution. The spring bow, stirrup bars, and cantle iron are then fitted and the b.ack of the saddle covered with thin leather. Alternate layers of cork and felt, with occasional layers of leather and thin or woven wood are cemented in different parts to give the neces- sary shape, space being left for water or air cushions. A pump is fitted to the pack saddle for filling the receptacles with water. The spring-bar attachment, consisting of a pin pass- ing edgeways through the leather, Figs. 11, 12, admits of single stirrup leathers ; a similar attachment is used at the stirrup iron. Traces and harness straps ai'e secured by means of a FIG \A FIC.I5. spring pin passing through a hole formed in them in the direction of their width, and through a hole in the socket for the trace or strap. Fig. 14. A wire cord, embedded in cork cemented between webs and leather, is used for strengthening harness. Saddles and harness generally, thus formed, are indented, by a toothed wheel, with small holes which are filled up with white or coloured cement to imitate sewing. By using tugs as shown in Fig. 15, shafts can be removed without removing the bellyband. 2636. liittleboy, R. Oct. 26. Nosebags and food-containers. — The nosebag is formed with a perforated rubber or other ed.cing which fits close to the horse's head, thus prevent- ing waste of food which otherwise occurs. FIG. 16. -^ 2651. Grason, T. Oct. 27. Spurs and spur-carriers. — A plate to be attached to the heel of the boot has a groove formed in it through which the shaft g. Fig. 16, of the spur is'^inserted, the opposite end of the shaft being provided with a swivel r or a thumb-screw which retains it in its posi- tion. The groove is filled by a duplicate shaft with- out the spur when it is not desired to use the spur. In Fig. 18 is shown a channel t for holding the spur shaft, which channel may form part of the heel plate. 44 1863] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1864 2900. Balny, A. tection anly.] Stopping and con- trolling runmuny and restive horses. — ^The reius E pass tlivoiigh loops B on anus D pivoted to the bit, so that, wheu the reins are pulled, the parts A of the arms are brought closer together and pinch the nose of the horse. F]lastic bands H hold the parts A open when not in use. Nov. 19. \Provisiono.l pro- J. Dee. 5. [Pro- 3061. Walthew, F. visioiuil protection only.] Fallen Jiorses, raising ; prevetiting horses from falling. — Horses are supported by a belt or saddle and a chain or cord from an arm or pulley at the top of the vehicle. By winding in the cord, or by raising the arm by a screw, the horse may be rested, or lifted from the ground should it bolt or fall. The shafts or pole may be similarly used hy forcing up their outer ends. A.D. 1864. 40. Tracy, J. X., and Tracy, K. G-. Jan. 6. [Provisional i^rotection only.]. TT7iips and hunting-crops. — The handle of a whip is divided into two parts, and a slotted metal tube inserted in a hollow in one part which receives the grip. The otl\er part of the handle has a jointed coupling, the jDin of which slides in the slotted tube and may be drawn out of the tube, so as to allow the handle to be folded. 415. Hofmann, J. R. Feb. 18. [Provisional protection only.] Runaway horses, releasing. — Roller bolts are replaced by double rings on the splinter-bar, between which the traces are held by bolts which can be withdrawn by a chain or cord, &c. The pole has similar rings, kept in place by a spring which is loosened "by the pressure of the rings •' wheu the horses go forward." 599. Blackwell, S. March 9. Horse breaking and training harness ; materials. — Horns for dumb jockeys are moulded froiu gutta- percha or gutta-percha mixed with india-rubber- ground leather, vegetable or animal fibres, or other matter. The form shown in Fig. 1 is preferred, FIG.l. one or more strips of whalebone being embedded to increase the elasticity and give greater strength at the root of the horn. 1059. Brooman, B. A., [Caillard, J.] April 27. [Provisional protection only.] Cleaningand polishing, apftrattis for. — A holder used for supporting and gripping bits and otiier metal parts of harness and saddlery while they are 45 1864] ABRIDGMENT CI-ASS HARNESS &c. [1864 being cleaned or polished consists of a base-plate or stand, fixed to a wall stand, &c., and carrying at one end a single pair of pinching-javvs operated by a thumb-screw. The other end carries two pairs of jaws, one pair being free to move towards the other. 1072. ahislin, T. G. April 28. Whips and hiinting-crojos. — Compositions con- taining seaweed, treated as described in Specification No. 2035, A.D. 1802, [Abridgment Class India-rubber &c.], gums, india-rubber, gutta-percha, resins, bituminous substances, pai- afliu, and oily or fatty substances, together with fibrous materials, potassium or sodium silicates, powdered chalk, talc, metallic oxides, gelatine, farina, ahun, tungstic acid, powdered charcoal, andsiujilar substances, arej^iised for making riding and driving whips. 1328. Etienne, A. May 28. FIC.22.^A Runaway liorses, releasing ; fastening pole chains and traces. The chains and traces are detachably secured to the splinter-bars and poles to enable frightened horses to be released. The pole chains A, B, Pig. 23, are secured to a loose tube C, which is connected to the end D of the pole hj a weak leather strap. A runaway horse breaks the strap and thus frees itself. In a modification, the chains are passed into one or two long hooks on the fore end of the pole. The trace ends are secured by pins in the mortices I, J, K, L, Fig. 27, of the splinter-bar, which is made in two pieces separated by thin flat springs. The upper piece is lifted by the coachman by means of a foot-lever connected by a cord to the rod, shown in Fig. 27, rising perpendicularly from the splinter-bar, so that the pins are lifted from the mortices and the traces are released. In a modification, an arch m, Fig. 29, carries a foot- step p, which, being depressed by the driver, carries downwards the bar G, H bearing on the ends of the springs C D, E F, and releases the traces. A string passing into the carriage enables the passengers to release the horses. 1419. Ziarmuth, K. A. to Specification. June 7. Drawings Ventilation ; lining.— The lining of saddlery or harness is pleated so as to form tubes through which currents of air may pass. 1508. Bowra, TfL. E. June 17. Whips. — Consists in covering whips and whip handles with an india-rubber or other elastic tube or cap, which is made slightly less in diameter and is cemented in position. Tlie whip handles may be made by closing the end of the tube with rubber of the required form. The cores of riding- whips may be made of old india-rubber manipu- lated to the taper form and covered with a tube as above. 1630. Balans, R.. Fastening. — Hooks and hook fastenings for harness and saddlery are fitted with a steel or brass spring D, one end of which is coiled round a square pivot o bearing in the cheek pieces C formed at eacside of the neck of the hook. The other end of the spring D is forced against the point b, hollowed out for its reception and provided with a small stud to prevent its displacement. June 30. nc.i IC.2. 1819. Gedg-e, July 21. W. E., [Bartenhach, L. G.]. FIG. I. Stirrups. — In a stirrup contrived to open if the rider should be thrown, a socket /, Fig. 1, formed 46 1864] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HAl^NESS *c. [1864 on the fi-aiue a embraces and turns about a rod d, Figs. 3 and 4, screwing into the part c of a ring h. A sniall spring e is coiled round the rod d, and a closing-cap i/ screws into the socket /. The pedal is formed in three parts k, /c\ /{" capable of open- ing by means of a tenon m in the part fc^ disen- gaging a mortice in the part /c", which latter part is fixed to the frame by a screw bolt q, Fig. 2, fitting loosely in the part /i^ The part h; screwed to a disc p which enters the piece /(, is lengthened on the other side by a small cylinder, fluted on its outer surface, which enters the opening in the piece h, and into which a screw takes which, with a spiral spring in the box v, holds a copper washer against the small cylinder, thus preventing the pedal from escaping from the piece li. Vhen the pedal turns, as when the rider is thrown, the fluted cylinder advances into the part ?i and thus frees the part k^ from engagement with the part k^^. In a modification, the pedal is formed in two parts FIG. 2. opening at the middle but held closed normally by means of an S -shaped piece bearing against a projection on the one side and entering a suitable notch on the other. In another modification, the pedal k, Fig. 10, is capable of rotation in the disc h formed at one end of the frame a, the disc h^ formed on its opposite end having a sector I, Fig. 13. jointed at o to allow the neck e of the pedal to be entered into the opening d. A tenon t on the sector enters a mortice in the disc h^ and is held engaged by a projection n on the pedal until this is turned out of its normal position. In another modification, Fig. 15, the part k^ is made in two pieces connected by a tenon .v, the plate k being hinged about a pin y. This pedal " opens " in its length and about two-thirds of its width." In other modifications, the plates k, k^ are super- posed, and the lower plate may be fitted with friction-rollers to permit of its sliding bj- the inclination and weight of the rider. 1846. White, J. C. July 25. Whip holders; whip -hanging devices; rein- holders. — A whip or like article is secured between leathers or other elastic pieces A, Fig. 1, pressed together from behind a fixing-plate B by a spring which clasps studs d on the leather holders H. The leathers sometimes cover thin metal sheets acted upon bj^ the spring. A rack for holding whips and like articles. Fig. 4b, con- sists 01 a circular or other plate of india-rubber or like material, which is split radially outwards from reception holes A, and is secured between ornamental plates mounted on a suitable stand. Fig. 3" shows a rein-holder comprising india- rubber or other elastic pieces A riveted to holders H fixed to a spring clip S hooking on the dashboard of a vehicle. The inverted arrange- ment of the pieces A in Fig. 3* constitutes another form of holder for whips &c. 1881. Newsome, J. July 28. Horse breaking and training harness ; spurs and spur-carriers ; back and belly bands. — On each side of the bellyband of leather or other material is fixed a spring lever carrying at its lower part a spur, and opposite the spur on the other side of the lever a ring through which passes a cord attached to a rein or "lunge," by pulling which the breaker causes the spurs to impinge on the animal's sides. A weight may be placed on the back of the animal as a substitute for the ordinary rider. 2039. Darcag'ne, iD. F. Aug. 16. Stuffing - 7}iaterials. — Fibres obtained from varieties of the sorghum plant are used as a substitute for horse-hair for stuffing saddles. The panicles of the plant are cut from the stem, and are freed from colouring and gummy matters by being steeped or boiled in a solution contain- ing 5 lb. of caustic lime and 8 lb. of soda ash or other alkali to every cwt. of the fibre, until the fibre becomes soft. The material is then crushed by being passed between plain or fluted rollers, and is thoroughly cleansed from all remaining colouring or resinous matter by being boiled for an hour in a solution containing 4 lb. of carbonate of soda to every cwt. of the fibre, or by being repeatedly rinsed in luke-warm water. The fibre 47 1864] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. 1864: is then carded or combed to prepare it for spin- ning, and the refuse of these operations is used as the stuffing-material, and may be dyed. J. R. Sept. 22. [Pro- 2321. Kofmaun, J. visional i^rutection only.] Runmmy horses, releasinci ; fastening. — To release a horse from a vehicle in case of danger, the loops of the traces are fastened between a series of double rings or snugs by means of a bolt which, being attached to a strap or chain, the driver can remove when required. The same system of double rings or snugs is applied to the end of the pole of a carriage, being held in position by a spring which is disengaged by the pressure of the rings when the horses go forwards. 2378. Davles, G., [LhidlUer, H. L. G.]. Sept. 28. Materials.— Thin strips of wood are glued, sewn, or cemented between layers of leather and used for parts of harness and saddlery. 2705. Richardson, R. Nov. 2. Clothing for animals ; fastening ; ventilation. — A cover for animals, reaching from the tail to the shoulders, is made of tarpaulin or other water- proof fabric and fastened by means of cords c passing round the animal's legs and through eyelet holes b, b^ at the edge of the cover. For ventila- tion, a number of cords, or preferably india- rubber tubes E, are arranged under the cover, being fastened at suitable places by a wire pass- ing under and looped outside the cover. The ends of the pieces R are preferably received in small wooden tubes D secured by a wire passing round them and tv.!stcd outside over a leather washer or button. A cr.ipper may be used, if desired. 2737. Bowley, R. K., and Bowley, K.. T. Nov. 4. Spurs and spar- carriers.— The plug or pin A for attach- ing the spur to a socket in the heel of a boot is bent or cranked as at a, in order to raise the spur higher, care being taken that the metal at tlie angle of the plug shall be sufficiently thick in proportion to the size of the boss B of the spur. 2823. Cadinan,C.S. Nov. 12. [Provisional protection only.] Whips and Jiimtmg-crops. — A detachable whip handle is formed with a socket to receive a conical plug formed on the end of the stick and carry- ing a strong socket pin from which projects a short stud, the handle being suitably slotted to receive the stud to form a bayonet joint which, when fastened, draws the plug tight into the socket. FIG. 6 FIG. 2925. Prioleau, G. Nov. 23. Runaioay horses, releasing ; breech- ing.— The traces are fastened to the collar by a buckle having a tongue b pivoted in the notched plate a. By a cord attached to the rod i, the bell crank g, f is made to press back the spring d from en- gagement with a notch in the plate o-, which recedes with the tongue, allowing it to turn on its pivot and release the strap. To allow the breeching-strap to be released, it terminates in a ring (, which slips under a spring hook shaped as k and pressing on the shaft. For a two-horse vehicle, a cylinder n with two hooks k is mounted on the end of the pole. In another arrangement, the breeching may be made in two separ^'te parts joined by a pin which, when withdrawn by a cord, will release the horse. 48 1865] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1865 \ A.D. 1865. 66. Weber, Zi. Jan. 9. Bits are formed with a pair of cheek pieces h, d on each side of tlie animars mouth, so that, on ijulling reins connected to the rings of the short pieces i>, the mouthpiece, comprising cross-bars connecting the corresponding cheek pieces, is drawn back as in an ordinary snaffle bit, but, on pulling reins connected to the rings c of the longer cheek pieces, the cheek pieces on each side turn on their pivots e, separating the cross-bars from one another and so producing additional pressure on the jaws of the animal. 239. Southall, J., and Southall, H. Jan. 27. Saddles; stirrup straps, suspending. — In making saddle-trees, a mixture of hair and pulp of papier mache or other fibre is pressed into moulds in which the ordinary metal strength- ening-plates are intro- duced, the saddle-trees being afterwards dried and hardened. To facili- tate the detachment of the stirrup strap, a spring tongue e is pivoted to the upper limb of the usual forked plate a ; to remove the strap, the tongue is turned up, the spring / being provided to maintain it in the open or closed position. 47'7. Gedg-e, W. E., [Stoker, F.]. Feb. 20. The Stirrups, lower part of a stirrup, furnished with a footwarmer, is shown in section. A special fuel con- taining charcoal, nitrates, and some agglutinant, is placed between 873 the two frames D, BK The lid B, which forms the footplate of the stirrup, is pierced with several holes and can turn on the hinge E, being held in position by a spring catch. 589. Rotbwell, P. March 2. Stopping and controlling runaway and restive animals. — A rein or cord, attached to the bit in the animal's mouth, is wound on a drum, which is mounted on a hollow transverse shaft a fitted in slotted bearings a'' under the vehicle. At each end of the drum is a pulley a^, faced with leather, which may be brought to bear on the nave of the wheel by operating a handle b" at the end of a lever h^. A catch on the handle b" is forced into engagement with a rack b^ fixed on the vehicle, by means of a spring V, so that the pulleys a^ can be maintained in contact with the wheels, when the device will act as a brake. In a modification for four-wheeled vehicles, the pulleys are prefer- ably mounted so as to bear on the rear axle and are connected, by suitable cords passing over a pulley at the middle of the front axle, to the bit or bits. Instead of the jointed handle h^, a handle sufficiently elastic to be disengaged from the rack b^, but otherwise rigid, may be employed, or the mechanism may be operated by a foot-lever. 869. Norris, J. March 28. FIC.4. 49 1865] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. L1865 BrnshiHg-ax>paratns for grooming. — A circular brush, k, Fig. 4, uiounted on the square parts * of a shaft i turning loosely in the handles I, is rotated by means of a belt passing over the guide- pulley m and the grooved pulley h. This belt is driven from a pulley mounted on a swivel bearing, and the brush may be renewed by removing the nut on the end of the shaft i. 920. Drinkwater, J. April 1. [Provisional protection only.] Brushing-apparatus for grooming. — For grooming horses and other animals, a hollow cylinder attached by arms to a rotating shaft is covered with leather, india-rubber, composition, or cloth, in which the bristles are secured. The brush may be turned by hand through bevel or spur gearing, or by steam or other power through a band and pulley. Handles project from the shaft. 973. maynard, H. April 6. Horse clippers and the Zifce.— Helical blades I, carried by a shaft C rotated by a belt pulley E, coact with a fixed blade A. The hair is held by a comb H adjusted by a handle L, or a comb is fitted on the blade A or elsewhere. 1038. Haworth, J. April 12. ^ A "<=■'• UU ^^ Brushing - apparatus for grooming. — An apparatus for grooming or cleaning horses and other animals comprises a spherical brush a, preferably of bristles secured by a screw to a long pole h carrying a flanged pulley d, which is rotated by a band from an overhead drum driven by steam or other power. Handles c are loose on the pole, but are secured against end- wise movement by washers. The pole and brush 3:re counterbalanced by a weight h^. 1222. Allender, J. F., and Cashin, T. May 1. [rrovisional protection only.j F. Fastening straps and bands. A metal plate secured to one end of a strap carries a fluted eccentric roller. The other end of the strap is passed beneath the roller in such a manner that it is firmly gripped by the eccentric roller when the two ends of the belt are strained apart. Two or more rollers may be used instead of one, or the roller may be rejDlaced by a sliding wedge. 1285. Hudson, S. May 9. [Provisional protection only.] Stirrups.- -In a safety stirrup, a portion of the side bar is pivoted to the sole-plate, and carries a horizontal plate resting between the rider's foot and the sole, and so maintaining the bar in its upright position. A side thrust on the bar will rotate it on its pivot and release the foot. Attached to the side of the sole furthest from the hinge is a spring, which helps to maintain the bar upright, and the end of this spring " is allowed " to pass through an aperture in the middle of the " leg," so that the side bar may turn upside down for complete disengagement. A strengthening- pin connects the side bar to the arch of the stirrup. 1476. Davis, S. May 30. [Provisional protection only.] Dog leashes for one or two dogs. A cylindrical boss rotating on the bent part of an elongated, parallel-sided, spring hook carries one or two prongs free to pass between the limbs of the hook. The dog straps terminate in eyes slipped over the prongs and secured by an oval ring embracing and sliding over the spring or prongs and pre- venting rotation of the latter. When the ring is pulled back by a string, the prongs are turned owing to the pull of the dogs, which are thereby released. 1617. DuboiSc; J. P. June 15. [Provisio7u.il protection only.} Bits ; stopping and controlling runaway and restive animals ; bridles and halters ; tivitches, pirns, and the like. — The arms of the bit are bent forwards and united by a small bar, to which is fixed a " safety -guide" passing over the musrole, the middle of the front and the nape of the neck, to the driver, or one or two "forked guides may "be emploj-ed." A curb in the form of a small chain or metallic band, or of both, shaped to the forehead is attached at its ends to the upper part of the bit arms and is held at the middle by a hook. By pulling the safety guide or guides, the curb " passes on the nostrils and forehead, but " the bit presses on the upper bars and roof ot 50 1865] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1665 "the mouth." In shoeing a I'estive horse the safety-guide is attached to a i-ing set close on the withers. 16'73. Becker, N. de. June 22. ir/ijps. — The frame of a parasol is constructed so that it can be readily removed from the stick and fitted to a riding-whip. A thin brass or other metal tube d, perforated or otherwise, is fitted over the stick and secured bj^ the engagement of the end c of a spring catch c^, Fig. 5, with a hole c^ in the stick. This catch c^ is soldered to a ring e which is secured to the end of the tube d, and is closed by a second sliding ring e^. In- stead of this method of securing the tube d to the stick, a bayonet fastening may be used. For parasols of ordi- nary construction, having long sti'etchers, the tube d is made shorter and is secured to the stick by punching. The tube d has soldered to it a top notch h, Fig. 3, and two cup rings i, P, with which one or other of the ends of a spring- catch k on the runner I engage when the parasol is opened or closed. The stretchers, how- ever, are preferably made only about one - third the length of the ribs, the top- notch ends or which are T-shaped and adapted to engage between curved teeth r of the notch q, Fig, 10b, v>hich is either soldered to the tube d or punched to the stick, the upper end of the top notch being closed by an open cap. When the parasol is closed an ornamental tip cup n is slid over the ends of the ribs. This serves to maintain the ribs parallel to each other, and also as an additional means of holding the parasol closed. F1C.I0.< 21*72. Tong-ue, J. G., [Carron, F. Aug. 23. [Provisional protection only.] i?.]. Hoi'se clippers and the like. — A clipper for horses and other animals is formed by a number of helical blades or cutters mounted on a shaft and arranged to be driven round against an adjustable fixed blade by means of a winch handle and gearing. A comb in combination with the fixed blade guides the hair to the cutters. Oil or other lubricant is supplied to the revolving cutters by a strip of leather connected with a reservoir. Wrinkles or other irregularities are smoothed out in advance of the comb by a rectangular frame, which can be turned back when not required. 2214. Holmes, R. T. Aug. 29. Rimaiuay horses, releasing ; stopping and con- ■ trolling runaway animals. — Relates to means for disengaging ruuavvay or restive horses, and for keeping them somewhat under control when dis- engaged. To release the animal from the carriage, the depression of a lever C by the foot or hand raises a pin H in a hollow perch bolt I, so that the lower end of the pin is disengaged from the hole P, Fig. 4, of a duplicate futchel O, the end N of which is normally received by a socket M. The traces are attached [to the hooks T, and the shafts to sockets in the duplicate futchel, while sockets R receive the ends of the ordinary futchel, so that, when the lever is operated, these sockets slip off, and the horse with its harness, the shafts, and the duplicate futchel, is entirely disconnected from the vehicle. A spring on the underside of the shaft acts on the duplicate futchel, and normally prevents the shafts from falling on the ground, while the same spring keeps the duplicate futchel horizontal when the horse is released. To prevent the carriage from deviating from its direct course on depressing the lever, a clip V descends upon either side of the lower bed or perch J. With the arrangement shown in Fig. 7, the horse is harnessed with the tugs taking on to the short hooks on the shafts opening outwards towards the head of the animal, the backbands of the tugs being passed inside the shafts instead of outside ; the traces are fastened to the tugs, while the kicking-straps, in lieu of going round the shafts, are secured to the traces, which are attached to the futchel by pins E. To release the horse, the actuation of a flexible band or chain G passing through guides H, or of a centrally- pivoted lever P, withdraws the pin so that, on the continued advance of the horse, the carriage with the shafts J is left behind. By increasing the number of levers and their attachments, the apparatus may be adapted to two-horse vehicles. The pole cap is preferably formed as a socket provided with an open slot engaged by a stud on 51 1865] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1865 the pole and is carried away with the horses. To keep the animals somewhat under control when disengaged, a long rein is provided and is adapted to be paid out as the horses leave the vehicle. 2320. Davis, S. Sept. 11. FIC.2 Stirriix) straps, suspending. — In order to release a fallen rider from the horse and saddle, the stirrup strap is made to depend from a hinged bar E, which is brought horizontal and supported by turning a hook F to engage a corresponding notch G, a spring I being provided to make the joint more secure. During riding, the pressure is exerted on the bar, but when the pull upon the strap is made obliquely backwards, as from a fallen rider, the strain is thrown on to the shank of the hook, which consequently opens, leaving the bar to fall as shown, and releasing the strap. A plate J serves to guide the strap to shift its bearing from the bar to the hook shank. 2366. Clark, W,, [Angelini, A.]. Sept. 15. Lining and padding ; saddles. — To protect animals, particularly cavalry and draught horses, against wounds from the saddles, collars, breast collars, and other harness, the linings, paddings, or cushions are replaced at the chief frietional parts by cushions of gutta-percha or india-rubber, vulcanized or otherwise, in forms adapted to per- mit free circulation of air. To render the seats of saddles more easy, a filling of small tubes or of spongy materials may be applied. As shown in Fig. 6, the cushions may consist of tubes provided with holes at the parts in contact with the animal and moulded in continuous connection or applied side bj^ side on a strip of leather, or double tubes, perforated tubes, as shown in Fig. 4, sponge-like structures, or knobs placed closely together on a rubber sheet, may be used. The top of the cushions is covered with elastic material, which may be attached by cords or by a strip of felt a. For saddles, the cushions occupy the position usually taken by the panels at the upper part of the saddle, and are contained between the two linings, the tubes being arranged vertically as shown in Fig. 10. To obtain a free circulation of air, the lining may be perforated, or an air-dis- tributing tube h projecting either at the back or front may run across the lower ends of the tubes. The cushions may also be detachable from an unpadded saddle, being strapped on underneath the latter. For cavalry and other saddles, the cushions may occupj^ the position of the under saddle-cloths. In collars, the cushions are placed between the stuffing and],the inner leather lining, FIC.6. but the tubes need only be used at the parts more directly in contact with the animal. For horses exposed to sudden stoppages, such as those of omnibuses, a false collar of tubes may be strapped to the animal's neck, and fixed at the bottom by a martingale. Breast collars or bands are provided with tubes preferably between the thick outer leather and the thin inner leather, or a false breast collar, attached lower down than the band itself, may be employed. The knob-like or spongy forms are suitable for the collars and pads of draught horses. Tft. Sept. 22. Draio- 2423. Cartwrig-ht, ings to Specification. Knee-caps. — Sheets or narrow bands of india- rubber or other elastic material are used for various articles which need to expand and con- tract. The edges of the band are united to non-elastic materials by pressure when the india- rubber is in a soft condition, or by means of india-rubber solution or cement. In the Pro- visional Specification the application of the invention to knee-caps for horses and other animals is mentioned. 52 1865] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1865 2619. Crutchett, J. Oct. 11. Bridles ; traces. — S traps and bands of india- rubber, leather, &c., for coacli and artillery reins and traces &c. are strengthened by flat, round, twist- ed, &c. metal wires. The wires B are fitted to or passed around eyelets A, or studs, pins, rivets, buckles, &c., which may be secured to plates H of suitable shape. Oct. 12. Draunngs 2630. Iierenard, A. A. to Specification. Materials. — Compositions containing vul- canized or unvulcanized india-rubber dissolved in coal tar, paper pulp, colouring - matters, and sulphur are used for articles of saddlery. 2658. Elliott, C. P. Oct. 14. Bridles and Jialfers.— Blinkers for horses and other animals are made with openings, which may be provided with sheets of glass, talc, or other transparent substance. The glass &c. C may be secured in or retained between the leather pieces A. which are stitched together as usual. Or a metal frame D may be employed, having an ornamental rim. 2688. Oct. 18. Jozies, T., and ZSiIason, E. XL. FICI?- Saddles ; stirrup straps, sus- pending. — A depression e in the saddle is covered by the spring bar b, whicH is shouldered at b^ so as to form a space between the part b and the bottom of the recess e, into which fits the single plain buckle c carrying the stimip strap a. The buckle is bent and is mounted with its convex side resting in the concavity of the recess. The free end a^ of the strap is slipped through the slot / in the flap of the saddle, behind which it is concealed. With this method of mounting the spring bar and strap, a smooth surface of the saddle skirt is obtained. Oct. 20. {Provisional 2704. Johns, W. protection only.] Stirrup straps, siispending.—To free the stirrup straps when the rider is thrown, they are attached to two dissimilar, interlocking, hooked finger- pieces, pivoted to the saddle-bar so that, on being rotated beyond a certain angle, they open and liberate the straps. The inner end of the lower bent lever " is bevelled so as to rest and " act upon the bevelled part of the lower and " shorter end or arm of the upper hinged or " pivoted straighter finger-piece " so forming an eye within which the strap is retained. To release the strap horizontally, the upper hinged piece "is raised upwards by the inner and " horizontal end or tail piece " of the lower lever, whilst, in the case of the stirrup and rider's foot going over the saddle, the strap is released by contacting with the longer end of the upper 53 1865] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS pers and the lihe.—The object is to arrange an apparatus for clipping horses, sheep, &c., so that it may be readily used with one hand only. Teeth, formed on the front end of a plate or frame, act as blades against which the hair is cut by the movement of a cutter mounted upon a centre at the back part of the plate. The cutter consists of a lever actuated by the thumb, fingers or one hand of the operator to move over the face of the cutting-edges of the comb. Or it may be arranged to act " as a slide in place of a lever," and it may be made with one or several cutting - edges. The cutter is brought back to its normal position by a spring. a 1868] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1868 2335. Ritchie, C. July 25. [Provisional protection only.'] Sun and loeather screens. — Relates to coverings for protecting the head or body from the sun, rain, or weather. In the case of animals, the covering is supported on the body or is attached to the harness &c. by supports fixed by straps &c. 2604. Niepce, E. J. &., [Niepce, J. /.]. Aug. 21. Bridles ; stopping and c ont ro lling runaway and restive Jiorses. — On the in- side of each blinker is a bellows-shaped cap C which, while the blinker is being used in the ordi- nary way, lies in a collapsed condition flat against the sur- face of the blinker ; but, if the horse runs away or is skittish, the driver controls it by pull- ing a rein con- nected with a spring hinge, not shown, by which the collapsable cap is hinged to the blinker, thus causing the cap to turn on its hinge and completely cover the horse's eye. The two blinkers may be connected by cross straps in front of the horse's head. 2648. Dawson, J. Aug. 26. [Provisional protection only.] Tugs, shaft; fastening. — To allow of a fallen horse being quickly released, the shaft-tug consists of a hooked support for the shaft of a carriage ; it is fastened to the backhand, and has projecting side plates which are strapped to the shaft. The hook and its projecting side plates are formed with flat surfaces for the strap to bear against. The two projecting side plates may be connected by one or more bars or cross-pins to keep the strap in place. Sept. 18. [Provisional 2878. Clark, W. protection refused.'} Horse-hoots. — An elastic padding consisting of hair, feathers, cork, or other stuffing, or india- rubber, or a receptacle inflated with air, is applied to a horse-boot made of leather, linen, &c., either on the inside or the outside, in such a way as " to protect the back sinews, tendons, ligaments, " and shin bones." 2999. Dalrymple, G. A. F. E. Sept. 30. [Provisional protection only.] Horse clippers and the lihe. — An apparatus for clipping horses, shearing sheep, and other similar purposes consists of a metal case enclosing a re- volving knife or knives driven by a cord passing round guide-pulleys and through the handle of the case. The knives are circular or segmental in shape. The hair is divided by teeth on the edges of the case, and cut ofE by the knives. The machine may be driven by hand or power. 3047. Ramsay, R. Oct. 6. Knee-caps ; horse- hoots. — A knee-cap is made of soft india - rubber moulded to the shape of the horse's leg and vulcanized. It is passed over the hoof and re- tained in place, as shown, by its own elasticity ; it serves also as a boot to prevent the horse from cutting him- self. E. Oct. 8. [Provisional 3078. Prdvost, protection only.] Controlling restive horses. — An electric current is passed through the bit by wires which may be concealed in the reins. The current may be gene- rated by a magneto-electric machine under the box seat of a vehicle, or arranged in a riding saddle. 3302. Kelson, C, [Marshall, C. K.]. Oct. 28. [Provisional protection only.] Collars, nech. — Horse collars are made "hollow " and of a semi-shell shape form " ; they are made lighter, and their elasticity is increased by means of circular, oblong, or other shaped perforations. Within the concavities of the collar plates are secured the rein eye and the trace clip, both of which may be secured by independent bearings, or be attached to a 'hame bow,' in which case the hames are permanently secured to the collar. 3364. Edwards, J. protection only.] Nov. 5. [Provisional Fastening traces, collars, &c. Roller bolts are made hollow and provided with slots so that the 12 1868] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1868 traces, which are formed with thickened ends, can be dropped in from above. Caps are provided for covering the openings. Backhands are jointed in the middle to enable the tug and backhand to be made in one piece. Hames are each made with a screw at one end to attach a chain for connecting the ends of the hame. Rollers or projections are applied inside the ttigs " to prevent rubbing the " saddles." Consists " also in making screw cock- " eyes for shortening traces. Also in making the " bearers of double harness to terminate in a " spring to prevent the traces lifting up the bearers " when the horse is drawing," 3417. Riddle, W. Nov. 10. FIC.4. r^i- FIG. to. (L u Traces ; fasten- ing.— In apparatus for shaping the ends of metal bands for use as carriage traces, and for other purposes, the end of the band is held be- tween sliding man- drels b, c, Fig. 2, carried in bearings m which are con- nected by a cross- piece 0 and slide up and down on projections x on the anvil d. On turning the bush 71^ by a handle, the mandrels revolve and bend the hoop on the anvil ; the mandrel c is then withdrawn and the continued rotation of the bushes n, n^ brings the hoop into the form shown in Fig. 4, a blow of a hammer completing it before withdrawing the mandrel b. The bushes n, n- may be connected by toothed gearing. In place of two mandrels a solid fork, as shown in Fig. 6, may be used, the band ends being placed between the prongs at 2/ ; in finishing, the loop is slid to the part p and hammered or pressed. The fork device may be worked in bear- ings. In the case of traces the looped band a is passed over a stanchion A, Fig. 10, fixed to the carriage, and is retained by a pin I. 3664. Tidmarsh, J. Dec. 2. So r se clippers and the lilce. — The teeth of the comb plate a are parallel instead of radial, and the cutters d^ which may be either formed i n one piece with the plate c or attached thereto, are also made with their centre lines parallel instead o f radia- ting to the centre pin /, by which the plate c is pivoted to the comb plate a. 3754. Griffiths, W. Dec. 10. Bits; bridles. — To afford control of the animal with- out the use of a curb chain, the bit is provided at each end with a supple- mentary ring c, through which are passed safety reins d. These reins cross each other under the lower jaw of the animal, and then pass round the upper jaw, so that, when they are pulled, the jaws will be compressed and the animal will thus be prevented from taking the bit in his teeth. 3921. Kookham, G-. Dec. 23. Drawings to Specification. Traces ; straps and bands. — Straps and bands for traces &c. are formed of steel strips which are tinned or otherwise coated to prevent rusting, in addition to which they may be covered by winding them with wire and rendered waterproof by a further covering of gutta-percha &c. For some purposes a line of gut is bound with wire, or a hempen line, treated with a solution of gutta- percha, is used instead. A cord or band may also be made by covering a flat steel strip with leather or gutta-percha. 13 1869] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1869 A.D. 1869. 5, Smith, G-. Jan. 1. [^Provisional protection only."] Horse clippers and the like. — The apparatus is provided with a band saw or band knife passing between a double comb and mounted on pulleys fixed on two spindles driven by pinions from a central spindle which is actuated by a barrel spring. The comb is roughed or barbed on the inside, so as to detain the hair or wool when the knife is brought into action. The knife band will be brass, copper, or leather with a steel cutting-part. 199. Xiake, W. R., [Eaidlngs, E. H.]. Jan. 21. FIC.7. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to apparatus for shearing animals and skins, in which a cutting blade is caused to reciprocate over the teeth of a comb. Various arrangements are employed for giving motion to the blade. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the blade B is moved by a rack C gearing with a pinion A which is rotated either by a hand-operated rack C or by a bow as shown in dotted lines ; or it may be pulled in one direction by a handle and carried back by a spring. In another arrangement, four or more blades may be arranged to turn on an axis which is rotated by a crank handle, or the axis may be carried by an epicyclic pinion gearing with an internally-toothed wheel. In another arrangement, a single blade is caused to oscillate on a pivot by the action of a pinion gearing with a toothed segment operated by handles, or the oscillation may be obtained by using an archimedean screw. Fig. 7 shows another arrangement, in which a mangle motion s, t^ operated by a crank handle rotates the blades y by means of a connecting-rod and crank and bevel gearing. An oscillatory motion of the blade or blades may also be obtained by a pinion gearing with pins on a mangle-wheel. 302. Andrews, A. S. Jan. 30. Collars, necJc. — The pad g is made of india - rubber, American cloth, or other airproof material, and is in- flated with air or other fluid through a cock I. The pad is covered exter- nally with soft fabric such as moleskin, and the rubbermay be lined with a reinforcing fabric. A stuffing of horse - hair or other fibrous material may be used in addition to, or instead of, the inflation. The outer part a of the collar is composed of metal plates, having flanges for the hames and held together at the bottom by a bent telescopic tube c provided with eyes d for attachment of the hames. To prevent injury to the pad by friction, a plate of zinc or other metal, or a sheet of felt, may be interposed between the pad and the outer part. India-rubber tubing is inserted round the extreme outer edge of the collar, but within the pad itself ; this causes a better bearing on the shoulder. 350. Sray, G-. Feb. 4. [Provisional pro- tection only.l Fastening traces, slip-hooks for. Slip-hooks for attaching the traces and other parts of harness to carriages are constructed with the loop of the hook hinged, swivelled, or jointed so that one half will turn back sideways. One means of forming this hinge or joint is " to use a hinge pin having its axis " in the same plane with the hook." In case of accident, the hook can be readily released by turning one part on the other. The latch for the hooks is formed by fitting a pin on the point of the turning half at right-angles to the general line of that part. The pin enters a loop or eye formed 14 1869] ABRIDGMENT CLA.SS HARNESS &c. [1869 in the standing part of thft hook when the turning half is closed. " A swivelling point ' on the end of this pin is arranged so " that when the turning " part of the hook is shut to, the point shall fall " over and shut or latch it into the eye." Any- known latch may be used. 369. Offord, J. S. Feb. G. Horse clippers. — The hair is held be- tween the teeth of two combs, while the cutter is moved obliquely over the teeth. Fig. 1 shows one of the combs F, the teeth of which are formed with pro- jecting flanges a against which the teeth of the other comb plate, not shown, are brought to bear in order to hold the hair firmly. The mov- able comb plate is actuated by a lever C, and cutter is actuated by a pin projecting from same lever. the the K. Feb. 15. [Provisional 457. Taylor, W. Ijrotection only.'] Fastening breeching &c., buckle attachments for. Relates to a combined harness buckle and loop. A buckle frame, serving also as a loop and preferably made of malleable cast iron, is fitted at one end with a swivelling catch for securing a hinged side which is fitted to the other end of the frame. The hinged side carries one or more studs which act as tongues. Opposite each stud is a cross-bar having in it a hole which receives the stud when the buckle is closed. The frame is also provided with a cross-bar to hold the hame tug or strap, and may have loops for the breeching, back, and belly straps. An ornamental cover made by stamping a design in thin metal or made of cast rnetal is hinged or otherwise fastened to the buckle frame, and secured at the free end by the swivelling catch. 465. Winder, T. Feb. 16. Fastening, spring attachments for. Relates to spring couplings for steering-chains &g. also stated to be applicable for carriages. The piston d, which works in the cylinder o, bears upon a rubber cylin- der spring g, Fig. 1, or upon a multiple spring formed of rubber rings v separated by washers y; as shown in Fig. 7. Both piston-rod and cylinders have eyes, shackles, or the like for attachment Fig. 7 shows a method of adjusting by the use of a screwed eye-rod y. FIG. I 532. Mori, J. H. Feb. 20. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to rotary hair-cutting machines applicable also for clipping or shearing sheep and other animals. To prevent the hair from becoming clogged between the rotary helical cutters a and the fixed cutter plate c, the bearings of the cutter shaft b are arranged so that they can yield under the action of springs /, which may be fitted so as to be either in tension or com- pression ; or the cutter plate c may be mounted on springs. 640. Clark, W. March 3. Horse clippers and the like. — A toothed cutter plate a is caused to slide transversely over a comb plate h by a lever c the end of which is actuated by a zig-zag cam ^, which may be rotated either directly by a winch handle or by toothed wheels operated by the handle k. To reduce the friction, 15 1869] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1869 balls may be interposed between the cutter plate and comb. The handle m may be hollow to serve as an oil reservoir, the oil being conveyed to the cutter plate by a tube n. 671. Knigrht, IE. March 5. [Provisional protection only.l Horse clijjpers. — A toothed cutter plate is caused to oscillate over a comb plate, the teeth of both plates being similar, so that the action of each pair of teeth resembles that of a pair of shears. The oscillation of the cutter plate may be effected by a three-sided cam operated by a winch, or the oscillation may be produced by an archimedean screw or a mangle motion consisting of a right and left handed screw-thread cut on the same cylinder, and a guide on the cutter working in the thread. " The spaces between the teeth of " the cutting plate are inclined backwards so as to '' permit of the ready escape of the hair." 731. Britten, March 10. Whijjs. — The stocks or pliant stems of whips for riding or driving are made of light tubes of steel or other metal. The tubes may be drawn and brazed longitudinally in the ordinary way, and tempered or hardened ; they may be tapered, and several of them of diminishing size may be soldered end to end, and they may be lacquered, varnished, or electroplated. The handle is covered with leather, and whalebone or the like may be inserted in the smaller tubes. 748. Cooper, C. K. March 11. FIG. I. FIG. 14 FIG.6. '^■<-'//yy///' ^yy,yy/. '^yyyyy <^y//^/y'^yyyy/^y/y/y'yyA March 27. [Provisional protection only.'\ Muzzles for animals. — A muzzle for dogs and other quadrupeds consists of a head dress made partly of an elastic material and partly of a material elastic "transversely" only. A piece of steel extends from the end of the muzzle along the upper part of the animal's head ; it is bent at the extremity of the nose and ends under the lower jaw, intersecting the front of the animal's snout in two equal parts. Two pieces of steel extend from the end of the head dress along each side of the head under the ears, " ending with two " small balls placed in a line with the animal's " teeth." Openings are left for the eyes and ears, and the upper and lower parts of the muzzle are bound together with very flexible steel springs. "When the animal lowers his head, " the piece of " steel is lifted up and is brought over the top of " his forehead, thereby uncovering his mouth and " enabling him to eat and drink." 1369. Perkins, T. May 4. FIG. 13 FIG. 12. Breeching ; yokes, neck. — To facilitate the back- ing of reaping and mowing machines, the breechings are connected by chains to a yoke a, Fig. 12, on the pole or at one end to the yoke and at the other end to the pole. The horses' collars are connected to rings on the pole or to a second yoke h capable of sliding a short distance on the pole. The whipple- trees may, instead, be curved and the breechings attached to them as shown in Fig. 13. 18062 17 1411. Hunt, B., [Cogent, L.]. May 8. [Pro- visional protection only.] Collars, neck ; fastening. — The collar is made in two parts a and b, arranged so that they can be expanded laterally by a screwed connection A and lengthened in a vertical direction by a rack and pinion (not shown) operated by the rein ring e. The collar can thus be adjusted to fit any animal and, when closed, is locked by turning the rein ring d. A strap may be substituted for the lock- ing and lengthening mechanism. The points of contact of the collar with the neck and shoulder are padded ip the usual manner, " tho 1869] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1869 *' vertebra being protected by a caoutchouc cushion " maintained in position by an adjustable leather." 1592. Furness, W. May 24. Drawings to Specification. Fastening^ friction-gripping devices for. A clip or fastening for bands, harness, &c. consists of two metal jaws hinged together in any suitable manner and each provided with serrated teeth or other gripping-edges on its inner or biting edge. The opposite side of each jaw is curved or bevelled off to correspond with the belt or strap on which it is intended to bear. The two ends of the belt &c., passed below the under edges of the jaws, are carried upwards through the teeth. For wide straps the jaws may be provided with intermediate hinges 1655. Hancock, J. visional protection only."] Xi. May 29. [Pro- Rorse clippers and the like. — Teeth with cutting- edges are formed on one blade of a pair of shears, or attached to the blade by rivets or otherwise. The instrument is used for clipping horses, shearing sheep. &c. 1752. Ziake, W. R., \_Sala, J.]. June 5. Drawings to Specification. Bridles ; vMps. — To enable the rider to exert a push on the bit, the reins are stiffened by the in- sertion of a wooden or other core. By dividing the stock of a riding - whip longitudinally, the two lengths of stick so produced may be attached to ordinary reins by means of sliding rings, straps, &c., in order to stiffen them. 1760. Fenner, G-. June 7. Bits. — The head strap, instead of being con- nected to the cheeks A of a driving-bit, is attached to the loops E, E, which are mounted on the tube D. The tube D fits loosely on the rod 0, so that the head strap is not affected by the movements of FIC.2. the cheeks of the bit. The loops E can be modified so as to be suitable for a riding-bit. 1803. Ardlsson, A. A. visional protection only.'] June 11. [Pro- Stopping and controlling runaway and restive horses; bridles. — An appliance for blindfolding a runaway or unmanageable horse consists of an ornamental rosette at each side of the horse's head ; it is made of caoutchouc or other supple material, hollowed in the middle, and is " mounted upon a " spring articulated to a metallic baud fixed upon " the side strap of the bridle." The spring is held by a pin, from which it is released by pulling a cord or narrow rein, thus allowing the springs to carry the rosettes over the horse's eyes. For a horse in harness the blinder is within the blinker ; it consists of " a spiral spring which acts upon an " elastic pad ;" the spring is "restrained by a little " pin or bolt which is passed through the blinker " and is connected to a safety rein ; when this rein is pulled, the springs are released and press the pads against the eyes of the horse. 1839. Halliwell, J., [Mackinnon, J. A., and HalUioell, A. B.]. June 15. [Provisional protec- tion only.] Fastening breeching, hooks for. A device for fastening the breeching to the shaft or thill of the vehicle, to enable the horse to hold back the carriage when descending a hill, consists of a hoop or clip having formed on it a hook with a hinged tongue. A yoke or loop takes into the hook and has " two short fingers or levers " so arranged that one will hold the tongue so as to close the hook when the horse is holding back, and the other will press the tongue back to open the hook when the loop is drawn forwards for the purpose of detaching it from the hook. 18 1869] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1869 and Picken, G-. 1888. Brooks, J. June 19. Whips. — The handles are detachable and are fitted with a cork- screw or carriage key h or both. The handle a is connected to the hollow end of the stock c by a stud e entering a slot in the top of the metal collar h on the stock, and by a pin or stud m on a ring I on the collar engaging with a bayonet-joint slot/ in the part d^ of the handle so as to lock the handle to the stock when the ring I is turned. The slot / may be made convex on its inner upper edge, so that con- siderable force must be applied to release the handle after the stud m has passed the convex portion of the slot. The pin ni passes through a circumferential slot in the collar h to allow of the ring being turned. When the handle is fitted with both a corkscrew and carriage key, the carriage key is made hollow to receive the corkscrew, the key and the corkscrew being connected together by a bayonet joint. It is stated in the Provisional Specification that the corkscrew may slide in a tube on the handle, the tube being closed by a cap carrying the carriage key. When the cap is removed the corkscrew can be drawn out and turned on a hinge at its base, so that it projects at right-angles to the whip handle. The cap with the carriage key can then be again screwed on the tube to form, with the whip handle, a complete handle for the corkscrew. The corkscrew and carriage key may be jointed together and screwed at their junction into the tube on the handle. The handle may have a spring catch or snap entering an open- ing in the body of the stick or the two parts may be screwed together, the screw being locked by a sliding bolt. 2104. Goddes de laiancourt, C^ A. Count de. July 13. Svjim ming -appliances for horses and other animals. One or more spring coils E of varnished metal are enclosed in a bag B of vulcanized india- rubber, varnished cloth, calico, &c. at- tached by strings and rubber solution to iron, wood, or papier- mache caps B^ An 18062 <^"(0^ accordion-like belt is thus formed which sur- rounds the chest, the ends being joined by a hook and eye G. To admit air when extending the belt, the hook or the eye may be longitudinally perforated and act as a stopper ; or a corked hole may be used for this purpose. 2184. Williams, W. July 19. [Provislojial protection only.'\ Horse-hoots. — An elastic horse-boot, intended to supersede the use of iron shoes and nails, is made of india-rubber or other elastic material ; it is of such a shape that it can be drawn over the hoof and foot of the horse so as to enclose them completely. 2217. Knlg-ht, S. July 21. FIG. 2. ^..p, PIC. 22. Horse clippers and the like. — In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, a plate or case d is bolted to a toothed plate h which acts as a comb. Be- tween the two, slides the toothed cutting -plate c. Handles I, m work on pins d^, d^ which project from the plate d, and have projecting pins P, m^ which engage in holes in the cutting-plate. Reciprocation of the handles, after the manner of a pair of shears, causes the teeth of the cutting-plate to reciprocate across the teeth of the comb plate and to sever any hair which may project between the teeth. The clipper may be worked by one fixed and one moving handle. For excluding dirt, the parts of the handles which are inside the case are formed with projecting ears or curved surfaces P, P, m^, m^ struck from the centres of motion of the handles, which work against fixed surfaces on the case. In the modification shown in Fig. 13, the acting ends of the handles Z, m are centered on a pin^, and are circular in form. This cliptier may be 19 a-2 1869] ABRIDaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1869 arranwed to work with one working handle, in which case holes are made in the circular end of the other handle, which, engaging with a fixed pin, temporarily fix the hanfile in any required position. In either of the arrangements described above, the case or covering plate may be dispensed with. In the modification shown in Fig. 22, the cutting- plate b is centered at c and provided with a friction- roller e. The handles/, g are centered at/^, g^ and connected to the cutting-plate by levers h, i. The reciprocation of the handles causes the cutting- plate to oscillate across the face of the toothed plate a. A similar driving-arrangement may be adapted to the previously-described modifications. The Provisional Specification describes the recipro- cation of the cutting-plate by means of a quick- threaded screw, a cam or cams, an eccentric, and bevel pinions. 2234. Kayward, J. July 22. FIG. I. =® Combs. — In the manu- facture of combs for horses and other animals, ^ teeth a, Fig. 1, prefer- © — ^^ ably made of steel wire of elliptical cross-section, are fitted into a rack (not shown), and their pro- jecting ends are covered with solder. A steel strip b is bent into the form shown and a strengthening bent strip c is placed inside it. It is then placed over the projecting ends of the teeth and soldered to them. The rack is then removed and the end teeth d are soldered into the ends of the comb. The teeth are then sharpened by grinding. The end teeth are preferably made from a steel strip d, Fig. 9, which is bent at the ends and divided at d^. The two teeth are then sharpened. The back of the comb may be made partly of steel and partly of ivory, wood, or other material. The metal parts of the comb may be made of alu- minium bronze, or other metal or alloy. The combs are finished by japanning, electroplating, or browning &c. 2251. Caldesi, I,., [AngeUni, A.]. July 24. \_Provisional protection only.'] Collars, neck ; pads. — The roll oE the collar is made and lined with straw in the usual way. An inner lining of india-rubber or gutta-percha tubes, placed longitudinally, is then put inside the roll, and the crevices and upper and lower parls o£ the collar are stuffed with horse-hair or woollen Hocks. A serge or linen covering is placed over the lining. An old or ill-fornjed collar may be fitted with a false collar by sewing india-rubber tubes to two pieces of canvas shaped to fit the sides oE the cr>llar. The canvas pieces are then secured inside the collar and covered with serge as in the previous case. The invention may be applied to all parts of the harness where pads are required. 2279. Ziake July 27. J W. It., [RawUngs, E. H."]. Horse clippers and the like. — A toothed plate or comb A, Fig. 1, is provided with a fixed handle C, for holding it, and a movable handle D, for work- ing a knife B centered at F. The knife is rotated by means of the lever I and toothed segment G. A bridge E is fixed to the comb by adjustable screws W, and presses the knife against the comb. In the modification shown in Fig. 2, the knife is worked by the levers I, K, the connecting-pin L^ of which works in the slot L. 2 3 2 5. Gedg-e, W. E., {Even, J. P.]. Aug. 3. ?0 Currycombs. — The currycombs are provided with a wood or metal handle A, a plate B rounded at the angles, and metal " tubes " C in which are set strips D of caoutchouc, gutta-percha, or other flexible material. In some cases, metal blades or combs E may be inserted between the " tubes " holding the caoutchouc &c. strips. The "tubes" and strips may be set on the plate in any direction and position. 186d] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1869 Sept. 4. [Provisional 2611. Reade, W. K. protectio7i only.'] Horse clippers mid the like ; hrushing-apparatus for grooming ; currycomhs. — Clippers, having either revolving or scissor-like blade3. are driven by clockwork actuated by springs. Currycombs and brushes for grooming animals may be similarly driven. 2 7 9 1. IWCore, J. W., and Norman, J. i_ Sept. 25. \_Provisional protection only.'] Horse clippers. — A comb plate, with a fixed handle, is fitted with guides in which a slide carrying a suitable cutter is capable of working freely to and fro. The slide is provided with a pin or projection, which enters a slot in one end of a lever working upon a centre of motion, and having a suitable handle formed on or fitted to its other end. At each end of the comb a suitable distance is left without teeth, so that, as the cutter comes to each end of its travel, it is free of the teeth. Dragging of the hair at those parts is thus prevented. The teeth of the comb are, by preference, comparatively fine and blunt at the end. 2925. Etienne, protection only.] A. Oct. 8. [^Provisional Runaioay horses, releasing ; fastening. — A hori- zontal rod fixed on the splinter-bar of a vehicle such as is described in Specification No. 1328, A.D. 1864, is attached to the " screw ring " and provided with a pedal by means of which runaway or fallen horses can be released. 3076. Grayson, J. R. Oct. 22. Horse clippers and the like. — The guiding- handle h is pivoted to the comb plate a and can be clamped in various positions. The teeth I of the comb are parallel. The cutter K is movable, and is held by studs in a block g which slides on t h e comb plate, its traverse being guided by studs on the comb plate which pass through slots in the cutter and the sliding block. A stud on this block fits into one of several holes in the end of the second handle e, which is also pivoted on the comb plate. This arrange- ment allows the handle to be set at various angles, while always giving the required reciprocating movement to the cutter. By means of set-screws and a friction plate the pressure of the cutter on the comb is regulated. The cutter is similar to the triangular cutters used in mowing or reaping machines. /' a 3126. more, J. W., Oct. 28. and Norman, J. Horse clippers and the like. — The comb plate a is segmental in shape and to it an arm c is pivoted. Tlie cutter b consists of a single tooth mounted loosely in the arm c, and is held down to its work by a spring d, adjusted by a screw c^ The cutter is hollowed or channelled out between the cutting- edges, so as to facilitate sharpening and to enable the cuttiug-edges to be kept in close contact over their entire surface with the face of the comb. A bridle or guide e keeps the arm and cutter down. The cutter arm is operated by a separate handle / pivoted on the comb plate and having a slot in it engaging with a pin on the cutter arm, or directly by a handle fixed thereto. According to the Pro- visional Specification, the comb may be straight, and a to-and-f ro motion may be imparted to the cutter. C cu 21 18693 ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [18 S9 8138. Taylor, T., and Davles, J. W. Oct. 29. Singeing-apparatus. — A pipe through which a flow of water is kept up, is arranged close to the gas-jet pipe, so as to keep it cool and prevent it from scorching the horse. The water pipes c\ c^ are le 1 through the handle of the apparatus and are con- nected with the cross pipe c fitted close alongside the usual gas pipe which forms the burner. FIG. I Nov. 9. ^Provisional pro- 3221. Keath, S. tection onlyj] Horse clippers. — A circular comb plate is mounted on a handle. A revolving cutter with several cutting-points works over the comb plate ; it is moved by a separate handle. 3230. Tracy, J., and Tracy, K. Nov. 10. FIG.2. Whips. — The handles or sticks are made in two or more parts arranged to be partially separated and folded. The part a is provided with a stem h which fits into a socket d in the other part ci}. A cord or chain c attached to the stem h passes through the socket d and is connected to a weight e which acts as a stop, preventing total separa- tion of the two parts. The cord c may be con- nected to the socket by a spring. A stud h^ pro- jecting from the stem h enters a groove in the socket d^ and the two parts a, a' are locked together by a grooved collar/ after the manner of a bayonet joint. 3296. Bonneville, H. A., [Courtois, C.\ Nov. 15. Horse clippers and the like. — A clipper for horses &c. comprises a disc a secured to a handle b and provided with parallel teeth in front, which lift up the hair so that, on the rotation of a plate c haviag angular teeth as shown, the hairs are severed. The plate c is pressed against the disc a by a spring f mounted on its axle d, and is rotated through toothed wheels e, i by means of a handle h. (^For Figures see ticxt column.) 3296. 3356. Salom, S. K. protection only.~\ Nov. 20. {^Provisional Horse clippers and the like. — The cutters are detachable and are mounted upon the cutter plate &c. in such a way that they are kept in contact with the comb plate by pressure on the cutter lever. The cutter is preferably a segment of a hollow sphere. 3476. Henderson, A. C, Dec. 1. [Pilter, T.]. Horse clippers and the like. — A balanced lever 4 is pivoted on the top of a column 2, which is adjust- able in a pedestal fixed to the ground. From the upper end of the lever is hung a swinging rod Id, which is rotated by bevel gearing 13 driven by a band 9 and grooved pulleys 8 and 12 operated by hand or power. The lower end of the rod 16 is connected to au arrangement of spindles, shown 22 idddl ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1869 in Fig. 3, geared together by bevel gearing, but capable of swinging in such a way as to form a universal joint. The spindle 30 is surrounded by a sleeve 34 -which forms a handle, and at its lower end it drives the cutter spindle 37. On one end of this spindle is fixed a cutter consisting of a slightly-convex disc 53 with two projecting blades which work against a series of star-shaped blades or teeth on a fixed annular disc 50. The cutter discs 53 and 50 are pressed together by a spring 42 acting on the end of the cutter spindle. Guards are provided for preventing the cut hair from entering the casing of the cutters. The apparatus is rendered noiseless by forming the teeth of the bevel-wheels of wood or other suit- able material or by em- ploying friction gearing. Several of these machines may be arranged to be driven by power from a single shaft. FIC.I FIG 3 3518. Xiake, W. R., IWaldhauer, D.]. Dec. 4. Fastening ; runaway horses, releasing. — The backhand a is attached on each side to a clamp h consisting of a pair of pivoted jaws which em- brace a sleeve C adapted to slide freely on the shaft or pole. At the front the sleeves are attached to the breast strap E, and at the rear to traces or draught rods A, the rear ends of which are formed with heads which engage with slotted openings in the ends of the single- tree F. The single-tree is secured to the vehicle by a catch of any suitable construction which can be released by pulling a cord in the event of the horse running away ; the sleeves C will then slide ofE the ends of the shafts and the horse will be released from the vehicle. The front ends of the traces are attached to the sleeves in such a way that they become detached when the sleeves leave the shafts. 23 1870] ABRIDGMENT GLASS HARNESS &c. [1870 A.D. 1870. 8. Iiake, W. R., [Crosly, J. B.}. Jan. 1. \_Provisional protection only.] Fastening. — For harnessing aaimals to vehicles, traces and tug straps are dispensed with. The saddle strap, breast strap, breeching-strap, and the strap by which the shafts are prevented from swaying are all attached to loops on a metal piece in connection with a draw-bolt on each shaft. The draw-bolt is surrounded by a helical spring and enclosed in a case which can be adjusted on the shaft to suit the size of the animal. The draw-bolts are secured to the shafts by pins passing through eyes on their ends, and the animals can be quickly released by withdrawing the pins. Leather washers or cushions are inter- posed between the metallic parts to prevent rattling. Saddles, girths for. The girbh strap has its front edge in the form of a soft roll to prevent chafing of the horse. 175. Kilner, J. IH. Jan. 20. Drawings to Specification. Fastening. — " Grab-links " formed with pear- shaped or keyhole openings are stated, among other uses, to be applicable as substitutes for books for cart and harness gear. 244. Currier, J. W. Jan. 27. \_Provisional protection only.] Fastening traces. A piece of metal with a curved or cam-formed end is fixed to the whipple- tree or other suitable part of the carriage, and to or near the piece a link is jointed, so that the outer or curved end of the piece and the inside of the link form a space adapted to receive the end of the trace. The pull on the trace draws the link over the curved end of the piece, thereby holding the trace firmly in the space between by pressure on the sides of the trace. There may be inside the link a projecting pin, a hole in the trace, and a slot in the curved end of the piece for the admission of the pm, or a spring may be applied to prevent loosening of the end of the trace. 287. Iiatchford, B. Feb. 1. Spur-carriers. — The door of the spur box. Fig. 3, is made to open inwards and downwards. A single spring h is substituted for the two hitherto used ; it is fixed to the bottom of the box by a rivet, and serves to hold the spur plug h and to close the door when the plug is pulled out. A modified form of spring is shown in Fig. 3 . On FIG. 3. the top plate of the spur box are two, four, or more flanges, and, in building the heel, packing is placed between the flanges of each side, screws or pins being unnecessary. 39 i. Wilson, J. C. Feb. 10. nC.I. FIC.2. Horse clippers and the lihe.—The cutting-blades, Figs. 1 and 2, similar to those of a mowing- machine are carried by each of two plates, the lower being stationary and the other movable and operating transversely. The lower plate is pro- vided with a guard, placed underneath, to protect the skin from the points of the blades. The movable plate derives its motion from a small rotary engine h affixed to the stationary plate and worked by means of air or other fluid. The exhaust pipe of the engine discharges over the cutting-teeth so as to clear away from them the hair which is being cut ; or a fan may be used for this purpose. If the blades are to have a recipro- cating motion, the cutter is connected to a small crank or eccentric on the spindle of the small engine ; if they are to have a continuous motion, the cutter is fixed directly upon the spindle. The small engine h may be connected by a flexiJDle pipe with a pump or nootor such as described in Specification No. 3499, A.D. 1869, \_Ahridgment Class Rotary engines &c.]. 24 1870] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1870 427. Plear, J. Feb. 14. Horse clippers and the like. — The apparatus con- sists of two superposed semicircular combs, both formed with cutting- edges. The combs are pivoted together by a pine, which can be tightened by a thumb-nut/. To reduce friction, the combs are in contact with each other only at the pivot and cutting - edges. Handles on the combs enable them shears. to be worked like 458. Twig-g:, e. Feb. 16. Horse clippers and the like. — A clipper for horses and other animals, also applicable for cutting grass &c., is provided with two superposed shearing- plates with cutting-teeth to which a rectilinear reciprocating motion is given. In Fig. 1, one of the shearing-plates a is shown fixed to the handle b ; the other is caused to reciprocate in guides by means of the pivoted handle b^ the end of which is bifurcated, as shown in dotted lines, to engage with a stud / on the movable shearing-plate. In the modification shown in Fig. 14, the project- ing end of each handle is pivoted to one of the shearing-plates, which are guided by plates g ; the motion of the shearing-plate is limited by studs h working in slots in the plates. In another modification, the points of attachment of the handle levers to the shearing-plates are arranged between the pivot b and the handles. In another modification, the handles are pivoted together after the manner of a pair of scissors. 508. Smith, T. J., [LengeUe, A., Bouttier, L., and Vincent, C.j. Feb. 21. Horse clippers and the like. — The blade carrier / is provided underneath with grooves in which the blades n are placed. Screws h, which press the movable edges against the fixed plate, traverse the branches of the carrier. The movement of the carrier / is limited by the stops k. {For Figure see next column.) 508. 530. Rydlll, G. Feb. 23. Stuffing -materials. — Flock, mill waste, &c. is puri- fied, dyed yellow, washed, and dried in a stove by means of hot air, after which it is ready for use as flock for saddlery &c. 760. Stockbrldg-e, C. Collars, neck • saddles / March 15. lining / materials. — Collars and saddles are lined or stuffed with spongy india-rubber such as is described in Specifi- cation No. 3215, A.D. 1868, [Abridgment Class India-rubber &c.]. The spongy material, when used as a lining, may be attached to leather ; it is placed next the coat or skin of the animal. 980. Johnson, Saddles. — The saddletree consists of two super- posed metal plates. The lower plate, shown at A in Fig. 2, is shaped to fit the horse, the front, the middle, and back portions of the arch being cut away as shown at b, d, c, and parts of the sides being also cut away as shown at e, g, f. The upper plate, shown at B in Fig. 6, is similarly shaped except that the edges at h are bent inwards to form fianges, the edges of which bear on the lower plate. The two plates are secured together by any suitable elastic cementitious material, a sheet of 25 1870] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1870 canvas or other material being interposed between them. Embossed pieces i, constituting the fork rests, are formed on the outer plate or attached thereto by pivot pins h and adjustable pins m, by means of which the inclination of the rests can be adjusted to suit the rider. Slots n are made in the embossed fork rests for the passage of straps to secure the cloak of the rider. The stirrup straps are suspended from the pins h. When the saddle is intended for draught purposes or for use as a pack-saddle, a third plate may be interposed between the other two ; it is provided with pro- jecting pieces slotted for the attachment of straps, pockets, &c. 1074. Xiake, W. R., [Jones, E. P.], April 12. Fastening ; runaway horses, releasing. — On each end of the whipple-tree A is pivoted a lever B, the end of which, shown at E, forms the fastening for the trace. The levers are held in position, when the traces are fastened, by stops c on the whipple- tree. The driver, by lifting the inner ends of the levers by means of a strap C, causes them to clear the stops c, and the pull on the traces then causes the levers to move into the position shown by dotted lines, so that the traces will become detached. 1596. Holder, T. June 2. [Provisional pro- tection only.] Horse-hoofs. — An elastic covering for the hoof, to protect it from the effect of sandcracks &c., consists of an endless band of india-rubber shaped to fit the hoof. 1609. Kenry, Tt£., [Camalez, M.]. June 3. [Provisional protection only.^ Bits. — The mouthpiece of the bit has a rising or projecting part towards the centre, and a curved or bent part, which, when in action, presses against the horse's palate. The curb chain is connected to the ends of the curved part, passing under the lower jaw. The reins are inserted through rings placed at intervals on the side bars, so as to regulate the tension of the bit. 1618. XLenney, C. June 4. [Provisional pro- tection only.J Mounting and dismounting, appliances for facili- tating.— An appliance or "step" to facilitate mounting a horse &c. is pivoted to a band of steel &c. which surrounds the boot heel and is secured in position by a strap under the foot and across the instep. The " step " is adjusted to its positions by springs, and is so formed that, when it is required for mounting, " it descends beneath the sole of the "foot perpendicularly," forming a pedestal whereon the wearer can raise himself " upon one leg the " required height ; " when not required, it turns round the heel of the bpot "along by the calf " of the leg out of the way of everything." The step adjusts itself to every position of the foot and leg and "it is adjusted to either position by a " single movement of the foot." 1692. G-ranham, F. W., and Butter- field, B. June 13. [Provisional protection only.'\ Muzzles for animals. — Dogs' muzzles are con- structed so as to allow the animal to lap water. Two wires are bent to the form of the head and provided at each end with an eye through which a strap is passed, also being passed round the neck of the dog ; one wire, extending from the back of the head, terminates under the lower jaw ; a second wire extends from below the ears, across the line of the mouth, and, crossing the nose, is fastened to the neck strap ; a third wire is passed round or enclosed within the above-mentioned two wires at a point near the end of the jaws, leaving sufficient room for the mouth to open freely. The wires are secured to each other, and their elasticity causes the muzzle to fit close to the head of the animal. 1874. mcKardy, B. July 2. FIG. II. Fastening back and belly bands. The shafts of carriages, gigs, and other vehicles are supported from the backhand by fitting to each shaft a plate a. Fig. 2, having a stud or studs to fit into holes in the backhand. The points of the studs are covered by a hinge plate & or by a strap. The studs may be hinged to the plate a. The plates may be adjustable in grooves on the shaft ; or, instead of the plate a, a tube may be fitted round the shaft having a stud projecting from it at one side ; or the studs may be simply screwed into the shaft. In another arrangement, shown in Fig. 11, the backhand is fastened by a buckle c, which can slide on a hinged arm a on the shaft. The Provisional Specification states that adjustable loops for the 26 18?01 ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1870 shafts may be formed on the belly band, the ends of which are attached to buckles on the ends of the backhand ; or the buckles may be formed with clasps or clips to embrace the shafts and serve as the loops. 1902. Hoffman, J. W., and Harrison, F. A. July 5. [Provisional protection only.] Ornaments for unspecified articles. — Relates to the attachment of heads or blanks of china, porce- lain, glass, or the like to metal, in the manufacture of harness mounts and other ornamental articles. The rough backs of the heads are covered with a flux consisting of powdered silica, lead oxide, and either potash or borax, mixed with a volatile oil or water. After the flux has been dried and burnt on, a second backing of lead or other metal is applied, and the shank, nail, or the like is soldered thereto. Two heads or blanks may be similarly soldered together. By this process the grinding, cutting, and polishing of the back are avoided. 2388i Kaseltine, G-., [Upson, J. W.]. Sept. 1. Tethering animals. — ■ The horse or other animal is hitched to a spring sweep H, the lower end of which is attached by a uni- versal joint to a counterweighted sphere F which tends to keep the sweep in the elevated position but allows it to yield when the animal is feeding. The sweep is mounted on a case A fitted internally with rollers which can be lowered as shown at B to enable the tether to be moved, or can be raised and folded to one side when the tether is to be stationary. In a modification, the weighted sphere is mounted in a cylindrical frame fitted with hook-shaped stays by which it can be anchored to the ground. 2477. Newton, W. S., [Dallon, J. E.]. Sept. 14. [Provisional protection only.] Fastening harness. A fastening, applicable for harness &c., is formed of a bar, carrying a bent tongue on its inner side or face and hinged to a plate or strap attached to one side or edge of the article to be fastened, and a perforated plate or strap attached to the other side or edge. To close the fastening, the bent tongue is passed through the perforated plate by shutting down or closing the hinged bar, when a perfect lock of the plates is effected. 2531. Harvey, W. Sept. 21. nc.3.^ Saddles. -R\.di\n%- saddles, especially hunting and side saddles, are pro- vided with remov- able panels which can be readily re- stuffed. The tree is made quite level "by filling between " the iron straps, "flaps, and other " parts, and then " covering them " with leather " to m a k e a smooth surface for the panel. The webs also are covered with leather. The panel is made in halves, and is fitted to the saddles so as to allow a free current of air to pass from front to back thereof. Fig. 3 shows an inside view of one of the panels. Plates h are sewn to the panels, and in each plate is a keyhole slot which fits on to a stud on the tree for securing the panel to the tree so that it can be easily removed. The panel is further secured by straps c attached to studs fixed to the front of the saddle, and by a pocket G into which the fork of the saddle fits. In each half of the panel is a slit I, which is sewn up and can be opened for re-stuffing. The top of the panel is lined with canvas to prevent the leather from stretching. The bearings of the panels may be made of two layers of felt with india-rubber between them. 2614. Moody, J. Oct. 1. /ix FIG.I. Saddles, particularly applicable for pack or military purposes. Figs. 1 and 3 show the applica- tion of the invention to a pack or military saddle. 27 ie*ro] ABRIDGMENT CLA.SS HARNESS &c. [1870 The pommel and cantle of the saddle are made of iron or steel bow-shaped bars c, d of T-section. The flanges d are horizontal and the riding-seat / is riveted to these flanges. If the saddle is to be furnished with baggage hooks, these hooks g are also riveted to the flanges d. The lower straight ends d^ of the bars c, d are riveted to the wooden tree e to which the saddle pads are connected. Wooden side bars h are jointed by the hooked parts 2, riveted to the side bars, engaging eyes or loops h on the ends of the bars c, d. These jointed side bars permit the saddle to be used for animals of different sizes. In constructing a frame saddle, the straight lower ends d"^ of the bars c, d are prolonged and the saddle is fitted for carrying guns, litters, and ammunition boxes. In a modi- fication, the bars c, d are constructed of angle-iron in place of the T-section bars, and the straight ends d^ may be formed from the flange alone. 2698. White, T. Oct. 12. Riveting - machines. — A part of the invention relates to a machine for joining lengths of leather by nailing or riveting for making harness &c. Fig. 1 (Sheet 3) shows an elevation of a part of the machine. The leather strap A passes between two flanged feed-rollers Z>"', which may be formed with teeth or covered with india-rubber. These rollers are driven by bevel gearing from a shaft C rotated by ratchet gearing fZ'^ at its end, operated by an eccentric &c. on the main driving-shaft K. Another eccentric on this shaft operates, by means of a connecting-rod, an overhead lever which works vertical slides with tools or appliances for cutting off wire to form rivets or nails and driving them into the leather as described in Specification No. 368, A.D. 1864. The leather strap, after passing the feed-roller Ji'^, passes over a support- ing-bar B and between two guide-rollers of similar form but free to rotate. The positions of the feed and guide rollers can be adjusted by screws Y. The scrap pieces of wire may be blown away by an air pump or bellows. 2706. Huckvale, T. Oct. 13. [Provisional protection only.'] Bridles ; hits ; rein - holders. — The curb and snaffle reins are attached to a handle which has a crosshead at each end. The two reins are buckled or otherwise fastened to the extremities of the crossheads, and, by turning the handle partly round, the pull may be thrown either upon the curb or snaffle rein. A similar handle, but without the crossheads, may be used with a single rein. Instead of a curb bit, a stiff bridge-piece of metal passes over the horse's nose and is jointed on each side to the side bars. A strap, passing under the jaw, connects the upper ends of the side bars, and the rein is connected to their lower ends nearer to or farther from the joints of the bridge-piece, as more or less power is required. Fastening reins. To connect rapidly the ends of broken reins, the ends are passed through a metal loop, and the pointed end of a screw is passed through the ends into a tapped hole in the loop. 2743. Newton, "W.E.,[Spe«ce;',i2.]. Oct. 18. Saddle cloths are made of felt of a graduated thickness, the part forming the pad being made thick by the introduction, during the manufacture of the fabric, of an additional quantity of cattle hair, shoddy, or other cheap material between the bats of felt forming the surfaces. The flaps &c. are made thinner than usual. The felt may be manufactured in the manner described in Specifica- tion No 3404, A.D. 1870. 2780. Whale, D. Oct. 21. [Provisional protection only.'] Fastening pole chains, straps, and other parts in connection with harness. The fastening is more especially intended for disconnecting the pole chain or strap from the collar of a fallen horse. It is made of iron &c. in six different portions. The upper part of the fastening is in the form of a common chain link open at the bottom, forming two ends or lugs having holes for a rivet. Between these lugs are the lugs of two depending jaws, 'which are attached by a rivet to the link portion, forming a hinge-like joint. The jaws are held together by a ring, which is kept in position by a spring located between the jaws. A strong pin, attached to the lower part of one of the jaws, acts as a catch or hold for the attaching of a chain or strap. By pressing the jaws together, the ring slips up, the jaws open, and the chain or strap is released. 3051. Iiee, F. Nov, 22. [Provisional pro- tection only.] Fastening traces. For attaching the traces of artillery and other harness to the breast collar in such a manner that they can be disconnected by the rider when in the saddle, a hook formed in one piece with a ring on the breast collar engages with an eye or link on the trace. A loop is attached to the harness near the hook, and the trace is passed through it to prevent the trace from being jerked off the hook. For " leader " harness the hooks are made single ; in other cases the ring is formed with two similar hooks placed in opposite positions,' one for attaching the trace connected to the vehicle, the other for the trace of the leading horse. 28 1870] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1871 3404. Kextrtonj-W. JS., [Spencer, R.]. Dec. 31. [Provisional protection only.~\ Saddle cloths. — Felted fabrics for saddle cloths and other articles are made with some parts thicker than others by the use of rollers which are hollowed out at the parts corresponding to those where an increased thickness is required, so as to admit of an additional quantity of fibre being worked up at .those parts. The additional fibre may be of the same material as the body of the cloth, or a coarser or commoner material such as hair, coco-nut fibre coarse wool, &c., which will be enclosed in the finer material, may be used. For saddle cloths, the fabric may be made to diminish gradually in thick- ness towards the edges. In some cases, a woven knitted, or other openwork fabric may be com- bined with the felting-materials, as a foundation. The fabrics may be ornamented, on one or both surfaces, by printing or embossing in colours. A.D. 1871. 82. Kuckvale, T. Jan. 12 Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. Several forms of saddle-bars are described which will allow of the disengagement o£ the stirrup leather in the event of the rider being thrown. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the saddle-bar c is pivoted at rf to a metal piec3 a fixed to the saddle- tree and is supported by a stop b. If the rider is thrown, the pull on the stirrup leather causes the bar c to turn upwards on its pivot so that the stirrup strap can slip off the bar by raising a spring e. In the form shown in Fig. 2, the stirrup strap is hung from a ring c which is supported on a hook h on a connecting-piece fitted on the saddle-bar. In another arrangement, the stirrup strap is formed with holes to fit on a hook similar to & ; or a stud on the stirrup strap may work in a slot in the connecting-piece or in a curved groove in the saddle-bar itself, in such a manner as to become disconnected if the rider falls on either side. Saddles ; pads. — To enable the rider to obtain a firm seat, the saddle is fitted with a movable pad c, Fig. 6 ; this is attached to leather strips h in such a way that its position can be readily adjusted. A corresponding pad may be worn by the rider on his boots, leggings, or trousers. 214. Soehring-er, J. Cr., and Krall, C. Jan. 27. Dravnngs to Specification. Runaway horses, releasing ; fastening.— The Pro- visional Specification states that, ia the event of a horse shying, the driver, by a pull or pressure, can " release the traces by lifting the bolts which fasten " the hooks to the splinter bar." 29 ISVl] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [IS-Zl 405. Unwin, W. Feb. 16. Breeching. — For ap- plying the brakes of a cart automatically r" when the horse presses backwards, the breech- ing L passes round rollers M and is at- tached at its ends to a cross-bar K which actuates a sliding-rod R attached to the brake beam S. When the horse presses back- wards, the rod R is drawn forwards and applies the brakes. FIC.4. 4 38. Minns, ». R. Feb. 18. Fastening traces to splinter - bars. Two plates X with holes i are riveted at h to the trace G and enclose a spring h, which embraces a stud on the splinter-bar when the holes i are passed over it. FIG. 16. ? FIG. 17. % 841. Gossip, G. K. March 29. \Provisional protection only?\ Bridles; hreeching ; saddles; fastening. — Bear- ing-reins and cruppers have elasticity given to them by the insertion, in any convenient part or parts, of pieces of india-rubber (vulcanized or not) or other elastic material. Or elastic pieces may be connected to the pad or saddle to which the bearing-rein and crupper are attached. 985. Kug-hes, E. T., [Shdton, C. T.]. April 13. Whips. — The upper part A, Fig. 3, of a driving- whip, which is liable to be frequently broken, is made separate from the lower part C, so that it can be readily renewed. The lower ends of the part A has attached to it a socket B which screws on to the part C. In the case of braided whips, the upper part may be jointed to the lower part as shown in Fig. 7. The braided covering is removed for a short distance from the ends of both parts, to admit a ferrule d, and the joint is completed by a tube B. The braiding is rendered waterproof by coating it with a mixture of solution of india- rubber, gum shellac dissolved in alcohol, and " chloride of ether," The portion of the stock which comes into contact with the whip socket is FIG protected by fixing on it a band D, Fig. 8, having a raised bead E on it. The butt mounting consists of a thick metal cap solid at the base, and turned into the desired form with ribs / left projecting around the surface. The parts of the surface be- tween the ribs can be ornamented, the ribs protect- ing them from injury by rubbing on the socket. 1197. Wallen, T. May 3. [Provisional protection only-l Horse clippers and the like. — The lower set of teeth is fixed to a plate fitted with a handle for guiding the clipper over the surface to be sheared. The upper teeth are reciprocated by the action of a grooved cam mounted on the guiding-plate and rotated by a handle at the side of the apparatus. 1264. Holland, W. protection only.~\ May 10. [Provisional Horse clippers and the like. — The comb plate with the lower set of teeth, is provided with a guiding-handle ; the cutter plate, with the upper 30 I 18711 ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1871 set of teeth, is caused to slide transversely by means of rack teeth formed at its rear edge engag- ing with a toothed segment which is operated by a hand-lever. The cutter plate slides on a dovetailed guide fixed across the comb plate. The two plates are pressed together by a spring, secured in position by a bolt passing through the two plates and through the dovetailed guide and working in a slot in the cutter plate. 1360. Garnett, W. May 20. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The saddle-bar of a saddle is so arranged that the stirrup strap is liberated when a rider falls or is thrown. Figs. 1 and 3 show an ordinary saddle- bar provided with safety apparatus. A plate b is secured to the side of the saddle-tree and carries a hook-like support c with a depression upoa its upper side. A movable piece e, having a depres- sion upon its lower side, is pivoted to the support c and is pressed downwards by a spring /. The saddle-bar h is pivoted to a loop i by means of a knuckle k. The head or cross-bar of the loop is adapted to engage the depression in the support c, and the top of the knuckle k is adapted to engage the depresssion in the pivoted piece e. In connecting the loop to the support, the head of the loop is first engaged with the support, and the saddle-bar h is held horizontally and pushed against the piece e, which is lifted so as to allow the knuckle k to pass. By turning the saddle-bar to the vertical position, the depression in the piece e engages the knuckle k and secures the link in position. If the rider is thrown, the foot which remains in the stirrup is raised, so that the saddle-bar is brought to a horizontal position, when the knuckle k lifts the piece e so as to allow the link, and consequently the stirrup, to become disengaged from the saddle. Should the foot of the rider be engaged in the stirrup upon the side on which he falls, the stirrup strap slips from the bar h by the opening of the jointed end thereof. In a modification, the pivoted piece e is omitted, and the knuckle k is made to engage the bottom of the support c. The saddle-bar may be constructed as shown in Fig. 14, in order to facilitate the escape of the stirrup strap by motion parallel to the flap of the saddle. The upper part h, carrying the knuckle k, and the front end K' of the bar are made in one piece. The lower part h^ is pivoted at h* to the end h^ and the rear end h^ is pivoted at h^ to the upper part h. The rear end h^ has a hooked termination h'' which engages with the free end of the lower part h^, a strong spring I on the part h^ engaging the hooked termination K', so as to secure the jointed parts together. When the stirrup strap is engaged with the bar, pressure in a vertical direc- tion has no tendency to open the bar, but, when the pressure on the stirrup strap is oblique, the strap is forced to the rear of the bar and acts upon the rear end h^ so as to open the bar and release the strap. This saddle-bar is preferably used in combination with the safety apparatus described by reference to Figs. 1 and 3, but the two devices may be used independently. 1367. Turner, G. May 22. Clothing for animals. — Cloths for horses are rendered water- proof by a mixture consisting of paint, soft soap, and boiling water. Tethering animals. — The screw peg shown in Fig. 17, which is primarily described in connection with tents, is stated to be applic- able for tethering animals. The screwed portion is flattened as shown at fZ, 5^. The peg is formed with an eye so that a single animal may be separately tethered, or a wire rope, chain, or the like may be threaded through a number of eyes, and the animals tethered to it. This construction of screw peg is an improvement on that described in Specification No. 823, A.D. 1855. 31 1871] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1871 1424. Price, E., and Thomas, C. May 27. Horse clippers and the lihe. — The fixed cutter plate a and the movable cutter plate h are both formed with a long stem inserted in the handle c. The stem of the fixed plate is fastened by a pin d at the top of the handle, and the stem of the movable plate can oscillate on a pin near the bottom of the handle. The two plates are held together by a guide - plate i with screw pins h, which pass through slots in the movable plate and are screwed into the fixed plate. The movable plate is oscillated by a lever / working on a screw g screwed into the fixed plate and passing through a slot in the movable plate. The lever is formed with a tooth h? engaging a notch in the movable plate, so that the teeth of the movable plate are moved over those of the fixed plate in the same direction as that in which the handle of the lever is moved. 1927. Rog-ers, S. July 22. [Provisional protection ordyj] Stopping runaway and restive horses. — The traces are attached to " tumbler levers," which are also connected by chains to the brake levers. While the vehicle is travelling, the tumbler levers are locked by bolts, which can be withdrawn by hand or foot levers so that the brakes will be applied by the pull on the traces. When the vehicle is left unattended, the bolts are withdrawn, so that the brakes will be applied if the horse attempts to start or bolt. 1947. Brewer, B. a., [Edard, G., and Bazault, J. E."]. July 25. Drawings to Specifi- cation. Clothing for animals. — Oxide of iron or other magnetic mineral is sewn into a quilted belt to be worn by an animal, with the object of preventing sea-sickness. 2321. Curtis, D. Sept. 2. Collars, neck; saddles; lining. — The parts of saddles, collars, &c. which are in con- tact with the skin of the animal are lined with zinc or its alloys, this metal being known to have a healing and hardening effect on the skin. Fig. 4 shows a coUar with a zinc pad a at the top. The zinc lining may be extended all round the inner surface of the collar. The pad may also be applied to collars which are open at the top. A collar may be made in three parts, the upper part being of wood lined with zinc. 2363. Smith, T. J., [LengeUe, A., Bouttier, L., and Vincent, C.]. Sept. 7. Horse clippers and the like. — Clips or shears such as are described in Specification No. 508, A.D. 1870, for clipping horses and other animals and also applicable to other purposes, are arranged so that the blades are kept closely in contact with the toothed sector of the appliance. The blade carrier a, pivoted at b, has at its front end a cross-bar j formed with grooves for receiving the stems e of the blades g. The blades are pressed into contact with the sector by means of a forked piece, the two arms / of which bear downwards at their front ends upon the blades g while the head of the fork is fitted with an adjusting- screw h. The forked piece is centered upon a ball pivot i. By means of the screw h, the pressure may be adjusted. Instead of this pressure arrangement, two indepen- dent levers may be attached to a common cross- piece, through which passes a screw, adapted to bear upon the blade carrier. 2464. Drew, T. K. Sept. 19. [Provisional protection only."] Horse clippers and the like. — A sector-shaped plate with teeth has formed on its rear end a stem I for a handle by which it can be guided over the 32 1871] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1871 animal to be clipped, the hair being cut by revolv- ing cutters mounted on a stud on the plate and driven by toothed wheels operated by a handle. Or the cutter may be caused to reciprocate by means of a hand-lever, slotted at its end to engage with a stud on the cutter plate. 2499. Tergrollna, Yincenzo, Count dl* Sept. 22. \_Provisional protection only.'] Bits. — Near each end of the part which goes inside the mouth there is a ring " moving on a " swivel " and fixed to a flat plate which goes outside the horse's mouth. On the outside of each plate, and projecting from it at right-angles, is a ring to which the rein is fastened. If a curb is used, the plates may be prolonged downwards on to the lever of the curb. The plate may be rounded out- wards on that part of its circumference which is nearest to the rider or driver. To add to the power of the bit, the projection from the plate of the ring to which the rein is attached may be increased. 2610. Serre, A., [Chagnaud, P.]. Oct. 3. [Provisio?ial protection only.] Stopping and controlling runaway and restive horses; bits; bridles. — The bit is provided with " an extra bar extending across from one ' cheek ' " to the other." This bar carries two rollers. A strap passing over each roller is secured at its lower end to the bellyband ; the other ends of the straps pass one on each side of the neck and are connected so as to form a safety rein. By using this rein, the horse's head will be pulled down to its chest, complete control being thus obtained over the animal. 271 1. Johnson, J. H., [Closson, J. B. M. P.]. Oct. 13. [^Provisional protection only.] Horse clippers and the like. — A circular knife or saw is caused to rotate over a comb by means of compressed air ; it is driven by a small rotary engine of any simple construction, acting either directly or through gearing. The engine is sup- plied with compressed air from a reservoir by a flexible pipe. The engine may be in the form of a small helical or volute tube, through which the compressed air issues so as to impart a rotary motion and at the same time to blow away the hair to prevent the cutter from clogging. during the act of driving the pin, the pressure of the earth against the convex sides of the blades causes them to radiate from the central part. The curved blades, when expanded, are secured in position by a ring, which falls or can be slipped over the ends of the curved blades pro- jecting above the bolt on which they turn. Other fastenings may be employed in place of the ring, and, instead of two expanding blades, three or more such blades may be provided. The expand- ing blades may be provided with flukes similar to those of an anchor, or they may be made straight. 3106. Kail, J. tection only.] Nov. 16. [Provisional pro- Fastening, buckle attachments for. Relates to a buckle or fastener for harness, and other straps, chains, Slq., also applicable to the harnessing of horses to shafts and poles of vehicles. A metal plate is provided with two ends or sides at right- angles to the plate. The top end of one side contains a spring catch, and the other side is hinged to a lid or clasp which shuts down and fastens into the catch. Midway between the ends, a steel pin turns freely in the plate, and, on a level with the two ends or sides, it is swivel-jointed to a taper pin of steel, which, when bent down, takes into a notch underneath the hinge on the side of the buckle. To fasten a strap &c., the top portion of the central pin is held upright and is passed through a hole in the strap ; the top joint of the pin is then bent down into the notch, and the lid is shut and fastened by the catch. When the fastener is required as a harness or strap buckle, it has a small link or bar on one side for the attachment of the harness or strap ; when it is used for harness- ing horses to vehicles, it is screwed to the shaft or pole. 2914. Stevenson, J. !■. Oct. 31. [Pro- visional protection only.] Tethering animals. — A picket pin for securing horses and for other purposes consists of three main parts or blades connected by a bolt or pin. The central part is straight and of such form that it will enter the earth easily. The other two parts are curved in opposite directions, so that, 18062 33 3251. Prosser, W. Dec. 1. [Provisional protection only.] Fastening straps and bands. A tongue is formed in a flat plate '' by cutting a piece of the plate on " three sides, leaving the back or fourth side "uncut;" and "a little further back than this " tongue and parallel with it a lap is formed by " making two parallel cuts in the plate, and leaving " the ends of the slit thus formed uncut." To fasten two loose ends, " the above arrangement is " doubled," but to fasten a single loose end, "the " above plate with a single tongue is sufficient." In order that the tongue may not pass through the hole out of which it has been cut, either the tongue is enlarged by pressure or the area of the hole is diminished by corrugating the plate. 3314. Kail, J. Dec. 7. [Provisional protec- tion only.] Fastening traces &c. A fastening for traces and 1871] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [187a other parts of harness is formed of a piece of sheet metal bent so that two sides correspond, indenta- tions in one side of the piece taking into a groove in a toothed ratchet pin passed between the two sides. One end of the pin is provided with a knob or button to be passed through the article to be fastened, the other end being provided with a stud or projection to prevent the complete withdrawal of the pin. The upper edges of plate are con- nected by rivets, preferably three, one of which secures a knobbed pin which engages the ratchet pin, while another secures a steel spring which passes under the third rivet and takes into a notch in the knobbed pin. A.D. 1872. 133. lake, W. R., [Robbins, Z. a]. Jan. 16. Collars, neck ; fastening.— The side pieces B of the collar, Fig. 4, are preferably made of wood, and their upper ends are tapered on the inside to fit a wedge-shaped connecting-piece A held in place by a bolt C. The bolt hole in the connecting- piece may be elongated so that the piece A may be moved up or down, for lengthening or shortening the collar, by means of a set-screw D. Further adjustment may be effected by changing the bolt C to other holes in the side pieces. India-rubber springs or washers may be fitted under the nuts, as at H. In another arrangement, the set-screw D is dispensed with, the bolt C being passed through a round hole in the connecting-piece A. The lower ends of the side pieces B are connected by a strap or other flexible coupling. Fig. 5 shows another arrangement, in which the upper ends of the side pieces B meet each other and are secured together by a hinged coupling, the flap L of which is fixed to one side piece, the other flap being detachably secured to the other side piece by a bolt L^ The side pieces of the collars are fitted with draught clips and terrets. 139. More, J. W., and Norman, J. Jan. 17. Horse clippers and the like. — The lower comb a is fixed to one handle b. The other handle e is pivoted to the comb a at e* and is connected to the upper movable comb c by a link d pivoted to the comb at one end and to the handle e at e^, A projec- tion e^ on the handle e goes between the combs and prevents the handle from working loose. The comb c is guided by studs and slots a^ 34 1872] ABRIDGMENT OLASS HARNESS &c. [1872 178. Doudney, D. A., and Adams, K. O. Jan. 19. [^Provisional protection only.'] Whips. — A hollow receptacle for holding cam- phor or other disinfectant or perfume is adapted to the handles or mounts of riding-whips &c. The mounts are fitted or arranged with means for opening and closing the receptacle. The disin- fectant &c. may be contained in a cavity in the mount or handle. 208. Tergrollna, Yincenzo, Count di. Jan. 23. Bits. — The mouth bar a, Fig. 1, is jointed at the ends h to the side plates c. Normally these plates are at right-angles to the mouth bar. They carry rings d for the reins, and eyes e for the head straps. The power of the bit may be varied by rounding ofB the back inner edges of the plates or shaping them so that they project inwards, or the lugs to which the rings d are attached may project considerably or be made double. Fig. 5 shows the application to a curb bit. The lower ends of the side levers m are loaded, in order to give immediate relief when the reins are slackened. In modifica- tions, the bit is made with a joint in the middle of the bar only, or the mouth bar is cranked. The side plates may be in perforated or open work. 378. Holland, K. Feb. 5. FIG. 6. FIG. 9. Horse clippers and the like. — In one arrangement, shown in Fig. 1, the reciprocating comb h is driven by a spring barrel p. A short rack on the comb is en- gaged alternately by pinions g, h, each having two teeth, on spindles i, k. The spindle k is driven by suitable gearing from the spring barrel, and drives the spindle i through pinions I, m. A flyer «, con- nected by bearings a;, v, regulates the speed. The comb & is guided by screws c passing through the cover e and the comb h into the fixed comb a. The driving-mechanism is covered by a cap, and the clipper is held by the foundation plate or by a handle on the plate. In anothtr arrangement, shown in Fig. 6, a rotating cutter a with helical blades is driven by a spring barrel d and acts in conjunction with a straight cutter at the base of a comb c. In a clipper for use in one band, shown 18062 35 in Fig. 9, one handle e is fixed to the bottom comb a and the other / is pivoted on a boss h. An extension P of the handle/ engages abutments V on the movable comb 5, and reciprocates it by the alternate action of the hand and a spring Z. A screw jfc, passing through the cover c into the boss A, holds the parts together. Faces on the handle/, engaging faces on the comb plate and the cover c, steady the handle. The movable cutter is guided by studs a^. In a modification of this arrange- ment, the handles are adapted for use with both hands, and the abutments ¥ are formed by screw pins. 3-2 1872] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1872 Horse clippers and the like. — The movable comb C is actuated by a crank D on tbe movable handle. A stud d on the crank enters a V-shaped slot in the comb and gives it a double reciprocation for each reciprocation of the handles. Stop-pins e, e limit the motion of the crank D. A spring may be used to open the handles. A bar or roller G under the fixed comb B forms a rest for the clipper and ensures an an even cut. 622. Klnton, P. Feb. 17. [Provisional pro- tection onlyj] Collars, hreast. — The breast collar consists of an outer part of leather, or other strong material, combined with a lining of india-rubber tubing or bags capable of holding air and conforming to the shape of the animal's breast. The tubes or bags are arranged in one or more rows. The inflated lining prevents chafing. 662. Fltzpatrick, B. March 4. Horse clippers and the like. — The combs are formed on arcs of circles, the teeth being kept parallel with one another. The top plate c is attached to the bottom plate c? by a bolt b on which it turns. Stop-pins/ in slots e prevent over action. An oil-hole in the top plate is closed by a stopper h. 713. Xiittlejohns, S. March 8. lProvisio7ial protection only.1 Saddles ; terrets. — To facilitate the release of a fallen horse, the " gullet-plate " of the part of the harness known as " the pad " is made in sections, which are held together by the screws of the terrets. By turning the screw of one or both of the terrets, the pad separates into three pieces, and the harness falls off. 1067. Bender, F. April 11. [Provisional protection only."] Bridles. — In an arrangement in which one rein only is used for riding and driving, an intermediate spring is fitted between the single rein of the " easy part of the bit." A hanging loop connects the rein to " the curb or other such part," the loop being brought into operation when the spring is extended beyond a certain point. F., and Alekan, X. FIC.I. FIC.5. FIG. 6. 1141. Alekan, April 17. Fastening. — Re- lates to screw but- tons which may be used for saddlery, harness, coach fur- nishing, &c. The lower plate of the button has an aperture c extending from the edge to the centre, the edges a of which are bent, one upwards and the other downwards, so that the plate approximates to a screw. By inserting one of the bent edges into a small hole and turning the plate round, it screws into place. The lower plate may have two apertures or may be made in various patterns. 1258. Benson, IKT., [Lewis, W., and Way, D. T.]. April 27. Horse-boots. — To support the muscles, tendons, and ligaments of the legs of trotting and racing horses, an elastic stocking A, made of india- rubber, i s laced round the leg ; it is stiffened by ribs on its outer sur- face and is perfo- rated to allow of the escape of per- spiration. A d d i - tional pads may be applied to the stocking at E. FIC.I M 1872] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1872 1334. Darlow, W. May 2. [Provisional protection not allowed.'] MagwAic harness ; clothing for animals. — Magnets in the form of magnetized strips, plates, ox' particles of steel &c., or chains, wires, or the like, combined with india-rubber or with resinous or bituminous substances, are stated to be worked up into fabrics and used for harness and horse cloths, amongst other applications. 1388. £ng:el, Xi. May 7. [Provisional pro- tection not allowed.'] Whips. — Thermometers are attached to the handles of whips &c. The thermometer may be of any pattern &c. and size to suit the handle to which it is attached. hooked. In the modified form shown in Fig. 3, the two parts A and B are joined by horns and eyes instead of by rivets. Each part is provided with a 1425. Ziake, W. R., [Alexander, T. H.]. May 10. Fastening traces and straps. Relates to a clip which can be used for fastening rope or round- leather traces, either to the whipple-tree or to the collar, and can be modified so as to be suitable for flat traces. Fig. 1 shows a clamp made in two semi-cylindrical parts A and B hinged by rivets a in such a manner as not to obstruct the passage of the trace. Holes &, ¥ are made in the clamp, and through them passes an " irregularly - formed " elliptic ring " C. When the ring is turned with its greater axis from h to J^, the clamp is wide enough open to enable the trace to be inserted. Normally the shorter axis is from h to h^ and a tension at c increases the grip on the trace. The ring c may be made continuous, or divided and hook Gr, a common ring passing through these hooks. Ribs h and spikes prevent slipping. 1588. Muratori, C. May 24. Materials. — Relates to the manufacture of a material which may be employed for making harness for artillery wagons and . commissariat carts &c. Fibrous materials or fabrics are soaked in a strong tannic solution, obtained by boiling oak bark, gall nuts, or other substances containing tannin, until they acquire a brownish tint, after which they are dried and passed under a mangle. The material is then ready for use. When it is required to put several layers together, a glue made of flour is employed. Alum is added to render the whole incombustible. Several layers may be fastened together with screws or nails, or sewn together, and finally the whole is submitted to pressure. 1903. Hunt, B., [Wehrlin, E.] Horse clippers and the like. — The object is to facilitate single - handed working of shearing and clipping instruments. Figs. 1 and 2 show a sheep-shearing apparatus in which the handles B, B^ of the fixed and moving cutters are connected by a spring bend. The moving cutters L, L' ro- tate about the pin D, and are carried across the cutter plate A on the handles being pressed together or released. Spring levers F, F' pass through slots in the blade holders E, E', and press the blades L, L' upon the plate A, the pressure being regulated by screws G, GK Figs. 3 and 4 show an instrument of small size in which the June 24. FIG. I 3? 1872] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1872 handles are terminated by finger-rings. At the pin M upon which the two branches turn, there is a barrel c containing a spiral spring R, Fig. 4, so arranged as to tend to separate the handles. The pressure between the blades is regulated by a combinatton of a flat spring r, Fig. 4, with screws S, T. 2077. Bonneville, K. A., [Fabre, J. M.^. July 10. Bits. — The mouthpiece is made flat with rounded edges and its ends are pivoted on the branches, which are also movable, so that only the flat part bears on the bars. 2080. Webb, G. July 10. Sun and weather screens. — A shade for protecting draught horses consists of canvas, oiled cloth, or other material stretched over hoops or ribs of wood, iron, &c. It is supported a few inches above the horse's back, thus leaving a passage for a current of air. The ends of the ribs may be secured in loops on the shafts or poles, or they may be connected to one or more balance rods carried by the horse, the rods being curved behind and joined by a movable bar in front ; or loops on the ends of the hoops may fit on to a metal traveller or rod fixed at its ends to the shafts, so that the shade can be drawn backwards and the ribs turned over and dropped behind the horse when not in use. The shade may have a hood to cover the neck and head of the animal, openings being provided for the passage of the reins. 2374. Willis, R. Aug. 9. [Provisional pro- tection only."] Horse clippers and the like. — On the comb plate which has fixed to it a guiding - handle is " a " transverse projecting tenon bar," whereon the cutter plate slides, being cut with a corresponding dovetail groove and with a slot "parallel and " over " the groove. The two plates are held together by a screw pin which passes through the comb plate, the tenon, the slot, and then through a curved flat spring which presses on the cutter plate. The cutter plate is actuated by a toothed rack and a toothed segment pivoted to the comb plate near the guiding-handle and provided with a lever or handle. 2486. Chaine, W. Aug. 21. {Provisional protection only.'\ Saddle-hags for carrying water. A water saddle- bag, constructed of cotton &c. coated with vul- canized india-rubber, is closed at each end and fitted with an opening at the centre for filling. The underside of the bag, which rests on the horse's back, and the upper side are each made of one piece of fabric, and they are attached at their ends to a separate strip or gusset piece. Each end of the bag may have a small tube of vulcanized rubber for drawing off the water, and the central opening is strengthened by surrounding it with extra fabric. 2507. Clay, J. Aug. 23. Saddles. — Relates to the manufacture of saddle- trees. A frame a, a* is cut out in one or more pieces from a blank of sheet metal. The hind part of the frame is bent so as to give a hollow figure, and the front part is bent to fit the back of the horse. A metallic rib b is riveted round the front of the frame. The frame, being supplied with the requisite webs, cloths, and leather to form the seat of the saddle, is attached by bolts and nuts to two pieces of wood d, similar in shape to the bars of an ordinary saddle-tree, and having their edges covered with leather. These bars may be made of papier mache or similar tough material instead of wood. 2590. Wyke-Smith, W. Aug. 31. FIG. 2 Harnessing, systems of. — The collars and hames as ordinarily used in harness are dispensed with, the pull coming from the pad which surrounds the "least movable part" of the horse's chest. A strap c passes over each shoulder from the saddle A to a pad F over the point of the breast bone. These straps pass through loops E on a pad D 38 1872] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [leva which rests on the horse's neck above the withers. A strap G passes down from the breast pad F to the bellyband b. The traces H have the adjusting- strap and buckle at the splinter-bar end instead of at the collar end as usual, and are attached to the saddle by studs screwed into iron plates between the layers of the padding. These studs are adjust- able as to height. A back strap supports the carriage shafts. In double harness a strap or light chain comes from a point corresponding to the hollow " behind the horse's last rib," and is fas- tened to the pole at a point about level with its shoulder. 2641. Clay, J, Sept. 5. Saddles; rein-holders. — The top or seat of a harness saddle and its hook or rein-holder are cast, forged, stamped, pressed, or otherwise formed in one piece of iron, brass, German silver, or other metal or alloy. The seat a, Fig, 2, has an internal rim or beading a', within which a filling-in plate of metal d, covered on its top with leather, is fixed. The plate d is secured to the saddle-tree c by bolts e and nuts /. The seat a may be fixed directly to the saddle-tree c by bolts and nuts &c. The seat a and the rein-holder a^ may be made of two or more pieces of metal joined together. 2653. Jackson, Cr. Horse clippers and the like. — The cut- ting-plate b, Fig. 1, slides upon the fixed plate a, and is guided by pins d taking into slots in the cutter. A link Jc is hinged upon a projection e- on the fixed arm e, and carries at its other end a pin m which engages with the cutter b. A cranked piece /^ on the moving handle / carries a pin n which engages in a slot in the link 7e. This link, rotating on a pin-and-slot joint, is capable of the slight longitudinal motion necessary from the use of the crank /^ A cover encloses the moving parts, leaving only the cutting-teeth projecting. In a modification, the crank /^, Fig. 1, is dispensed with, and is replaced by a link /*, Fig. 5, connecting the moving handle / and the lever link k. This link then works on a pin joint. The link /* may also be extended beyond the lever link Jc, and is then connected to the cutter plate by another short link. The lever link may be shortened and jointed upon the fixed plate instead of upon the fixed handle. 3466. Selby, T. C. Nov. 20. Clothing for aiiimals. — A shield for covering the chest of draught and riding animals is made of leather, gutta - percha, vulcanized india - rubber, waterproofing, &c., and is suspended in front of the chest from the collar, or from the neck or withers &c. It may be attached to the saddle or other parts of the harness, and is held down by straps passing between the fore legs to the saddle band, bellyband, or girth, or by springs. 3743. Neg-ronl, Ii. de. Dec. 10. Q^^^ fmzLcj, / Bits ; stopping runaway horses. — The bit is made hollow, and fitted with two stars or rowels E con- nected by a spiral spring F as shown. When it is desired to stop a runaway horse, the reins or cords attached to the rings M are pulled, and the stars E, having pointed or blunt ends, move outwards through four slits made along the bit. The sharp or cutting ends prick or strike against the interior 39 1872] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. L1873 of the horse's mouth and cause it to stop. In a modification, the mouthpiece is made in two parts jointed together, each part containing a star attached to it by a spring. A strap or rod, which may be lowered on to the horse's legs by a special rein, is fitted on the pole or shafts of the carriage. 3917. Clark, A. DX., {Dmionthier, C], Dec. 24. Whips for army drivers &c, are combined with breech-loading fire-arms, as shown. A.D. 1873. 8. Berg'h, J. van den. visional protection onlyj] Jan. 1. {^Pro- Fastening traces. Relates to improvements in the mode of harnessing animals, and consists in apparatus for the speedy attachment and release of horses harnessed to vehicles. An apparatus resembling in form a buckle is fixed to the splinter- bar, shafts, or other convenient part ; it consists of a metal plate having at one end a movable metal tongue, working in journals at one end, and secured at the other end by a movable catch hinged on the plate. The catch is capable of being inclined in the direction of the traces at a sufficient angle to keep the tongue in place when the trace is attached to it, and the tongue is so curved that, when released and pulled forwards, the trace will glide off. The trace, or part of it near the attach- ment plate, turns on a swivel. To release the horse, the catch is drawn back by hand or by a cord ; the onward motion of the horse pulls forwards the tongue and the trace is drawn off, the horse being thus freed from the vehicle. 13. Kaseltine, C3-., \_McClure, W. B., Graham^ J. C, and. Claughton, H. 0.]. Jan. 1. Backhands. — Relates to a back chain for cart saddles. The middle portion of the chain consists of roller-carrying links A united by smaller inter- mediate links B shaped in cross-section as shown in Fig. 4. The sides of the links A are flattened and receive pins a^ on which the rollers a^ rotate. nc.i3. FIG. I. ^ a3 FIG. 2. The middle portion of the chain rests on the cart saddle as shown in Fig. 13. The rollers a^ lessen- ing the friction ; to each end of this part of the chain is attached a bar link 0 formed of flat metal with an eye or ring at each end, and to each bar link is connected a swivel D. A series of links of ordinary construction are attached to each swivel, and to the end of each series a traveller E, as shown in Figs. 11 and 13, is connected. 40 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 27. lake, W. B., [Small, J. H.]. Jan. 2. Brushing - appa- ratus for grooming. — A horizontal shaft B, mounted in a frame A, is con- nected by a uni- versal joint 0, to a telescopic shaft D, D^, which imparts motion, through a shaft h and bevel gearing, to a conical brush H. fixed ou a spindle h^. The shaft and brush are counterbalanced by a weighted lever o mounted on a pivot ^ above the joint C and connected by a link ?i to a bearing m. The hollow shaft D may be square, or it may be round in which case the inner sliding shaft D^ is grooved to engage a feather key. The shafts h, h} are carried in elbow bearings i, «', by means of which the brush may be turned into any position. Fig. 6 shows a modification in which the main shaft is vertical and drives the shaft D through bevel gearing. The end of the shaft D is mounted in a forked frame which is pivoted on a shaft n carried in a second frame bearing on a ring. The lever o is pivoted in a ball attached to the forked frame. The frames and gear-wheels thus form a uni- versal joint which allows the shaft D to be turned at any angle. The brush H is made conical as shown to enable it to be introduced into the narrow spaces behind the ears, or under the heela &c. of the horse. 135. Norman, J. Jan. 13. [Provisional protection only."] . Horse clippers and the like. — The comb plate is fixed to a handle, and the cutter plate is moved to and fro by a handle mounted on a stud fixed below the cutter plate. A tooth or projection on the movable handle works in a recess in the lower end of the cutter plate. The guide-pins are placed in a line with the line of action of the tooth. Over the cutter plate is another plate provided with a projection at its lower end to pass over the stud of the movable handle, whilst its upper end is formed to bear upon the cutter plate. Two screws pass- ing through this upper plate and through slots in the cutter plate keep the upper end of the upper plate bearing down upon the cutter plate, and another screw or a nut keeps it down on the movable handle. 661. Vaug-han, S. P. K., Feb. 21. [Scheidecker, C.]. of the spring. Stops F in the part A limit the motion of the blade. The instrument may be used for clipping horses, sheep, and other animals. 742. Botwood, W. Feb. 28. _ Horse clippers and the like. — A steel plate G pro- vided with teeth c is secured to the metal piece A, The steel blade E, ground on one side to a cutting- edge, is attached to the piece B, and the pieces A, B are attached to the ends of the spring D. The teeth and blade are inclined in opposite directions, and contact between them is secured by the twist Rein- holders ; fastening. — Relates to adjustable rein guides and holders, and staples and draught - hooks for the kicking. - strap and traces. The draught - hook a, Fig. 8, is attached by a bolt ¥ to the draw-bar or splinter - bar. The stem a^ of the hook is screwed and a thumb -nut c is 41 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 used to adjust the compression of the metal or india-rubber spring d. The rein guide shown in Fig. 2 is secured to the dashboard by the clip a formed of iron covered with leather and secured to the dashboard by the stem of the lower clip c pass- ing through a hole and by the stem of the upper clip b pinching the dashboard. The thumb-screw c' draws the two portions of the clip c together and secures the square stem d^ of the rein guide, and also serves as a rein-holder. A long driving-rail may be mounted on two stems d\ The kicking- strap is carried on staples a, Fig. 5, which are carried on plates b bent round and secured to the shaft by screws in lugs c*. 871. Kore, C. March 11. Horse clippers. — A comb a is combined with the cutters d, e, the teeth of the comb projecting beyond the cutters. The comb a is screwed to the comb plate b, which is riveted &c. to one of the levers c. Studs &^, Fig. 1, pass through slots in the cutters d, e, and are fixed to the plate b. A brass cap / is secured to the pins fcx, which hold the comb plate, cutters, and cap together, and allow the sliding of the cutters. The cutters are actu- ated by the lever g, turning upon the fulcrum b^ and having its upper end in a recess in the brass cap. Pins h, i are attached to the lever g and enter slots in the cutters d, e respectively, to give motion to them simultaneously and in opposite directions. The teeth of the comb do not correspond to the gauge of the cutters, and combs of varying gauge may be substituted for each other. The distance of the comb from the cutters may be varied by placing packing between the comb and comb plate. The pins b^ are preferably rectangular in shape and act as guides to the cutters. The levers c, g are provided with adjustable telescopic handles, held in position by a metal ferrule provided with a set-screw. 116 4. Bullows, J., March 28. FIG. I and Bullows, A. Horse clippers and the like. — The lower steel plate a is formed with comb teeth a*, ground smooth on the upper surface and fitting against the smooth under face of the top plate b, which is also toothed. The inner parts of the upper plate are recessed, and the two plates are held in contact by studs a', which are secured in the plate a and pass through slots 6' in the plate b, to receive the washers d^ and nuts d. An eccentric e secured on the lever e^ enters a cir- cular hole in the plate b and turns upon the stud The eccentric gives a curvilinear and oblique movement to the upper plate b. riveted to the lower plate. The lever a* is 1228. Clark, W. April 3. FIG. 3. FIG. 5. <^^^ FIG. 6. Hm-se clippers and the like. — The invention is described as applied to the horse clippers described in Specification No. 3076, A.D. 1869, but is stated to be applicable generally to horse clippers in which 42 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 a cutter plate slides over a comb. A suitable pres- sure is maintained between the cutter plate and the comb by means of concave washers or spring washers h, Fig. 3, placed on the guide studs a, or by a spring plate b, Fig. 2, held down by the studs a and pressed up at the back by a set-screw and block d, or by curved springs J', Fig. 4, fixed to the comb A. The cutter plate B is concaved so as to offer a yielding resistance. A double vibration of the cutter plate is obtained for each single vibration of the actuating-handle by means different from those described in Specification No. 395, A.D. 1872, the cutter being actuated by a lever g, Fig. 6, a pin i on which is engaged by a curved slot c in a lever a* connected to the actuating-handle c'. Toggle-levers a, b, Fig. 5, actuated by the movable handle may similarly drive the cutter by the pin e. In a modi- fication shown in Fig. 8, a quadruple motion is given to the cutter by a combination of two levers a\ c^ with curved slots, the lever c* giving a double motion to the lever a\ and the lever a^ a quadruple motion to the lever g. 1232. Maher, A. J. April 3. Traces ; fastening ; rimaway horses, releasing. — Consists of appliances for hooking or securing horses to and for unhooking or releasing them from, tramway or other cars, omnibuses, or carriages while the same are in motion. The traces a are only flexible in certain points ; they are attached at one end to the collar, and at the other end, behind the horse, they are connected by a V-shaped bar b the central point of which hooks to the vehicle. The traces are supported by a strap c which passes over the horse's haunches, and they are jointed at e. When the rider depresses the point e with his feet, the bar h is raised, enabling it to be engaged with or disengaged from the hook on the vehicle. The joint may be at the union of the V-piece and the traces, and the W-piece may be raised by means of a bell crank lever and a cord under the control of the driver. By a different arrangement of the bell-crank lever, the V-piece may be depressed and brought under a hook bending downwards. The cord may be led from the detaching-apparatus to the driver's box, 30 that runaway horses may be released. The arrangement may be such that " by the driver of " the shaft horse checking his horse the pole has a " tendency to rise given to it sufficiently high to "drop on to the hook or to lift off." The Pro- visional Specification states that the traces may be all in one piece, like a pair of ordinary shafts, and suspended by a spring across the horse's back. Or in another arrangement, *' the driver can act on a " hook by means of a cord, which hook is placed •' on the required point for drawing the vehicle." 1314. Twig's", G-. April 9. 3 <^'^ FIG. 2. ^f^ ^ Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to shearing and clipping apparatus, chiefly for horses and con- sists mainly of means for adjusting or setting up the plates forming the shears or cutters. Guide- pins a having crossheads are fixed to the lower plate b and passed through slots in the movable cutter and in the upper plate c. The heads may be turned to fix the upper plate, or keyhole slots may be formed in the plate as shown in dotted lines. The plates are secured together by thin forked cottar plates or bolts / slipped under the heads of the bolts a. The upper plate c is set up to keep the teeth of the cutter plates in position, by means of a wedge-piece e, Fig. 6, introduced under the heel of the plate and housed in a groove on its under- side, or fitted with snugs engaging slots. In a modification, only one guide-bolt is used, and its upper plate is set up by means of a set-screw. In this case, the ordinary guide pins and slots are also used. 1352. Kaseltine, G., [Guernsey, J. W.]. April 14. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to machines for clipping or shearing horses, sheep, and other 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 animals. The comb or lower cutter A, Fig. 2 which consists of a disc having radial teeth, has rigidly attached to it a central steady-pin a. This pin is secured at right-angles to the comb by a disc a' riveted or screwed thereto. A drum B sur- rounds the steady-pin, and the upper cutter C, which is formed of a steel ring having bevelled radial teeth, is rigidly attached to its lower surf ace. A side socket D, forming a part of the drum and having an opening on one side, carries a loose pin E adapted to work in the socket and form the con- nection with the crank-pin of the driving-shaft for imparting a reciprocating rotary motion to the upper cutter C. The main portion of the handle R^, Fig. 9, is tubular, and at the inner end is an overhanging arm/ through which the upper end of the steady-pin projects. A spring F' is placed between the arm and the top of the drum to press the cutters together. The comb A has a larger number of teeth than the upper cutter C, the proportion being about eighty to sixty. Figs. 5 and 6 show cutters especially adapted for shearing sheep ; the teeth are arranged at different angles and they radiate from the centre of the heel of the comb. In the general arrangement shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the handle R^ carrying the cutters is connected by brackets and tubes to a yoke E^ pivoted to a second yoke c^ swivelling by means of a socket C* on the top of a standard. Motion is imparted from' the hand-wheel A^ to the cutter shaft Q* through the various pairs of bevel-wheels, as shown, the spindles of which are carried within the connecting-tubes. The tubes containing the spindles H*, L* are con- nected by clevis-Shaped brackets I*, P pivoted together by a spindle carrying the bevel-wheel J^, with which gear both the pinions h^, l\ This con- struction permits free movement of the handle R* in any direction. A counterbalance spring S* connects the yoke E* to the socket C*. Motion may be imparted to the machine by means of a pulley or steam power. A special machine for grinding the cutters is described. 1513. Brldg-e, K. April 26. [Provisional protection only."] Stirrups^ arrangements of, to facilitate mounting. An additional stirrup hangs some distance below the ordinary stirrup, so that the right foot can be placed in it, after which the left foot can be placed in the ordinary stirrup and the horse mounted. A cord may be used to draw up the additional stirrup into a box or receptacle in the saddle. 1618. Spongr, J. O. May 5. [Provisional protection only.'] Whips combined with tobacco pipes &c. The handle end of a whip is made hollow, and an amber or other mouthpiece is inserted. At some distance from the end, the whip is perforated, and the stem of the bowl of a pipe, or cigar or cigarette holder, is screwed or otherwise secured to the opening. The hollow part of the handle may be lined with any suitable material, and may extend beyond the perforation, to form a nicotine chamber. 1696. Clark, W., and BXartin, R. May 10. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to clippers such as those described in Specifications No. 3076, A.D. 1869, and No. 1228, A.D. 1873. The cutter plate B, Fig. 5, is kept down on the comb plate A by a curved pressure plate C and nuts and washers on the guide-studs d. The rear of the plate 0 is pressed up by a spiral or plate spring e which com- pensates for wear. In a modification shown in Fig. 8, the pressure plate 0 is divided into two parts, one on each stud, and is bent as shown. The rear edge of the cutter plate may be pressed up by plate springs e, and, instead of the plate C being curved down to bear upon the cutter plate B, it may bear thereon through a washer on the stud. 1728. B^tis, P. Bl. May 12. Horse clippers and the like.— Tyvo straight or curved magnetized combs A, B, Figs. 1 and 2, are actuated by handles F, D. The movable comb A has a slotted opening a and an eye b which receives the pine, Fig. 2, attached to the spring d. The 41 1873] ABRIDaMENT OLA.SS HARNESS ^a. [1873 pressure of the spring d is regulated by the pinch - screw g provided with a lock-nut h operated by the handle /, A screw/ fixed in the comb B works in the slot a, Fig. 1, and, together with the edge of the foot C, acts as a guide to the movable comb. The movable comb may be constructed with two eyes sliding over two bolts, which may be used to adjust the contact of the combs, the screws being then fixed. 1979. Swift, R. June 2. \_Provisional pro- tection only,'] Saddles. — The foundation plate of the saddle is of sheet metal, bent to the proper shape by dies or otherwise. Two or more longitudinal metal ribs are soldered, brazed, or riveted to the foundation plate, or the ribs may be stamped out of the sheet metal. A hollow metal top is formed by stamping or otherwise bending one or more pieces of the required shape. The parts are connected by overlapping, seaming, soldering, riveting, or brazing. 2001. Blamiers, T. June 4. Saddles. — Saddle-trees for military and other saddles are made adjustable in width to adapt them to horses having broad or narrow backs. The front fork a is made of angle metal, and the rear fork h of either angle or flat metal. Each fork consists of two halves united by a sliding or lap joint, which allows the saddle-tree to be expanded or contracted and the side bars c to be adjusted to the angle as well as to the width required to fit the horse's back. The two parts of each fork are united by bolts/ sliding in slots e and clamped by nuts d. The forks are united to the side bars by flat -headed screws g countersunk in the side bars and screwing into holes tapped in the forks. At the points where the front fork is attached to the side bars a part h of the web of the metal is bent up to form staples for the girth tabs i and the stirrup leathers. The rear fork & is made with an additional back stay e on each side at the point where it is attached to the side bars, and the front stay is bent to form a staple for the girth tab i, a split girth being employed. The girth tabs i are simply slipped through the staples, being retained by a small piece of leather fastened to the upper end. The saddle seat may be fastened by securing a strip, sewn to its edge, in the lap joint of the rear fork. The strip is slotted and has its lower edge thickened to prevent it from being drawn out of the joint. The forks of saddle^ trees may be made of angle metal of L) I) or X shape in cross-section. 2090. G-arrard, J. G-. June 13. Tethering animals. — Horses are tethered by means of spikes or holdfasts made from angle, tee, channel, and other sectional iron bars, the pegs being straight or curved. Fig. 2 shows a curved spike having a link or hook at the top ; just below this is a cross-piece or stop, and the blade is tapered towards the point from back to front. ■> 2200. Kewton, H. E., \_Maurissen, H.']. June 24. [Provisional protection only.] Bits. — To vary the length of the lever action on the bit, the reins are attached to eyes or pieces which are capable of sliding in slots in its side cheeks. The pieces are held up in the slots by means of india-rubber springs attached to the upper part of the side cheeks. When the reins are pulled, the cheeks are drawn back and the movable pieces are then drawn down the slots. On releasing the reins, the springs draw the pieces up in the 45 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 slots. In modifications, the movable pieces are made to run on round rods, or the reins are attached to levers having their centre of motion at the lower end of the side cheeks, to which they are connected by box springs. 2322. Wulff, J. July 4. FIC.3, Fastening. — A fastening for shoes, harness, &c. consists of two curved links d, c, Fig. 3, made of brass, iron, silver, &c. and pivoted together, the links being attached to the article to be fastened so that they may fold upon or within each other. Fig. 2 shows the fastening unfolded and attached by straps e to the sides a, 5 of a shoe. To fasten the article, the link c, c* is turned until the curved part c lies within the link d upon the shoe. 2399. Robertson, K. July 11. Saddles. — Relates to the construction of a saddle which is capable of being adjusted to the backs of horses of various sizes. The gullet plates a, Fig. 3, are hinged together in the centre of the fore arch, as shown at b, and they are strengthened by plates c placed edgewise over the arch and extending down to the two side boards d, Fig. 2. The contiguous faces of the strengthening-plate c are stepped or notched as shown at e, Fig. 4, and between them there is fitted a correspondingly- Btepped metal wedge-shaped block/, which can be adjusted by screw g to fit the various steps. A cap h, pinned to one of the strengthening-plates, is fitted over the adjustable block to keep it in posi- tion. The back cantle i is hinged at each end to a " rest plate " I secured to each sideboard d, and a safety bar m extends from the back cantle in a forward angular direction to each of the "rest "plates." A slot in the foot of each safety bar allows it to adjust itself when altering the size of the saddle, which is done by turning the adjusting- screw g by means of a key so as to cause the block / to recede and allow the arch to be opened to the size required. In reducing the size of the saddle, the sides of the fore arch are brought the proper distance apart and the block/ is caused to enter further in the space. 2405. Reynolds, S. July 12. [Provisional protection only.l Fastening. — A snap-hook for harness is cast so that a hollow is formed which provides a seat for the spring and affords full play for its action. The shank of the hook may be riveted to a swivel eye so as to permit of the hook revolving. The spring of the hook may be deflected by the pressure of the thumb or by a lever attached to the spring or working on a lateral axis from the open or back side of the shank of the hook. The hook may be attached to the harness by a buckle or by a loop formed on the harness. 2635. Phlpps, T. Xi. Aug. 6. [Provisional protection onlyJl Horse clippers and the like. — Of the two serrated cutter plates employed, one is movable across the other, the connection being made by a projection on the fixed cutter engaging with a slot in the movable plate parallel to its cutting-edge. The pressure between the plates is obtained by means of a bow spring, a square hole in which fits over the square shoulder of a screw on the projection described and which is held in place by a nut on the screw. The projection may be dispensed with, and the screw then stands up from a recess in the fixed cutter. The spring is concave at the middle and bent round at the ends, so that, when placed upon the screw, the middle portion engages in the guide-slot while the convex ends press upon the movable cutter. A cover over the movable cutter is held down by the nut which secures the plates together. A movable lever handle is pivoted upon the fixed cutter, and its shorter arm engages with a slot in the edge of the movable cutter, which receives a reciprocating motion when the movable handle is operated to and fro. The fixed handle is hollow or cut away and is attached to the fixed cutter by two pins on its back, which engage with holes in the plate, and by a screwed pin which passes through both bandies and the fixed plate. The movable handle is passed under the fixed handle and is held by a nut on the screwed pin which serves as the pivot. 46 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 2639. Pollock, S. S. Aug. 6 Stopping and controlling runaway and restive horses. — A veil or curtain of water- proof or other cloth is un- rolled so as to cover the animal's eyes and nostrils. The curtain H is wound upon the spindle C, and the lower end is extended by a curved rod K. The spindle C is mounted in a tube A attached by two arms h to the curved back plate B which is attached to the bridle. A catch on a lever is held in the teeth of the wheel D by a spring secured to the interior of a cap which is placed over the end of the tube A. By palling a string attached to the lever, the ratchet is released and the curtain falls. 2955. Newton, T. Sept. FIC.3.> Saddles. — The seat of a cavalry, hunting, or other riding-saddle is made of one or more thicknesses of leather and is some- times lined and strength- ened with a thin steel plate or sheet of wire gauze. The head and cantle of the metal saddle - tree are cast in iron, steel, or brass, or are made of wrought iron, or stamped sheet metal and are slightly convex at the back. The head of the saddle-tree is constructed as shown in Fig. 3. The cantle is provided with shanks H, Fig. 5, having a slot to which the girth is attached and barred holes a for attaching the saddle seat. The side bars c, Fig. 9, of the saddle-bar are slightly concave and are made of wrought-steel plates, each side bar being provided with two curved pads D of felt with a backing of cork &c. covered with leather, canvas, &c. The pads are fixed near each end of the inner surface of the side bars by means of glue, copper wire, or thongs. A strip d, made in one piece with a side bar, is folded down to make the part to which the cant'e and head are riveted of double thickness. Tags e, Fig. 11, of the seat E pass through slots gr, Fig. 3, in the head A and tags/, Fig. 11, piss round bars b, Fig. 5, of the holes a in the cantle B, the whole of the tags being doubled back and sewn to the underside of the seat E, Fig. 11. Holes G are made in the under linings of wire gauze or steel plate to form recesses for equalizing the pressure on the seat of the rider. The girths are attached to the head and cantle by metal links or loops fixed to the head and the cantle by short straps secured by copper wire &c. The stirrup leather, which is single, is made in one piece with the girth strap attached to the head, a screw being fitted at the bend. For a military saddle, the saddle flap is pro- vided with loopholes to retain the carbine bucket, which is also connected by straps to the cantle, steel plates covered with leather sewn to the back of the flap being inserted to strengthen the loop- holes. The saddle-tree head is provided with spring bars w, Fig. 3, cast in one with the head ; the spring bars may be provided with a spring latch V. Holes are made in the head and cantle for attaching straps &c. 2965. Archer, K. Sept. 10. Horse - boots. — A legging for horses, mules, and other animals consists of two parts A, Fig. 1, of leather &c. rounded off at the upper and lower edges a and con- nected by a stiffen- ing band or strip of leather b. The leggings are fas- tened by cords or laces passing through metal eye- let-holes d formed in bands or strips e fixed to the legging on each side, strips of india-rubber webbing/, /being inserted between the strips e and the body of the legging for additional elasticity. 2970. Phipps, T. Zi. Sept. 10. Horse clippers and the Zi^e.— Relates to clippers for clipping horses and other animals, and for other purposes such as clipping the grass of lawns. In one arrangement, shown in Fig. 1, the movable comb plate c is pressed down ou the fixed comb plate 6 by a bow spring / regulated by a nut h on a stud dK This stud preferably forms part of a guide-block d, Fig. 3, fixed to the plate b and pass- ing through a guide-slot e in the plate c. 'Fhe block d may be dispensed with, the bow spring 47 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 being curved inwards to form a guide for the plate c, as shown in Fig. 10. The movable handle ?« is pivoted on a pin 2), Fig. 1, and has a projection n^ engaging a notch in the plate c. The head of the FIC.3. d/^^^lhf fixed handle spans the head of the handle n and has studs m^ engaging holes in the plate b and pro- jections m^ which bear on the plate b and form stops for the movable handle. In a modification shown in Figs. 15 and 17, the head of the fixed handle c is extended to form a cover plate c^ and is secured by a nut g on the pin /. Studs i on the ends of the part c^ pass through guide-slots in the movable comb plate b into holes in the fixed comb plate a. The movable handle is pivoted on the pin / by a boss d^ and drives the plate b by means of a stud h. A bow spring e regulates the pres- sure between the plates. Grooves^ in the opposed faces of the plates a, b are filled with wool or other absorbent charged with lubricant, which is pressed out and distributed over the moving parts when the clipper is worked. A cottar may be used instead of the nut g. In another modification, shown in Fig. 22, the pressure on the movable comb plate b is regulated by helical springs v and nuts w. The wooden parts of the handles are united to the metal shanks by tapered screws on the ends of the shanks. 2980. Gedse, J., [Zimmerman, R.}. Sept, 11. [Provisional protection only.'j Horse clippers and the like. — An instru- ment for clipping or shearing animals con- sists of two main pieces A, B jointed by a screw b and pro- vided with a spring C to hold them apart. A series of blades F are fixed by screws a on the plate A. The knife E is mounted on the piece B, and is guided over the blades by the clamp D. A wedge G pivoted on the piece B passes under the clamp dur- ing the cutting stroke and holds the knife and blades in contact. At the notch d the wedge G is liberated, and the blade, being free to rotate, returns with the wedge out- side the clamp, the pressure thus being relieved. The clamp end places the wedge in its original position, the pin e holding it so that it will again pass under the clamp during the cutting stroke. 48 3042. Peters, C. Sept. 16. Collars, neck; fasten- ing.— H o r s e collars are made to open and are fitted with special closing - fastenings so that they may be put on over the neck instead of over the head. A large num- ber of fastenings are shown and described. Fig. 1 shows a form of spring catch or clasp fastener for closing the open top ends of a collar. The plates d, d^ are secured to the open ends of the collar. The plate d^ has a flange provided with a spring catch a which engages with a snap fastener on the flange b of the I 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 plate d. The spring catch may he formed of two pivoted hooks pressed apart by a spring, in which case it engages a slot formed in the flange. In another form, a pin on one plate passes longitu- dinally into a split spring socket on the other. 3516. Plant, W. Oct. 29. V"^ Fig. 3 shows another form, in which square sockets i, i^ are formed on the plates h, h} to receive a split pin. The plates may be made to terminate in bevelled flanges which fit one over the other and are secured by a set-screw. Or they may be fitted with square-headed studs r, r^. Fig, 7, over which fit washers or collars s, s^ having tongues s^, s^ for engaging sockets t, t'^. One of the plates may be fitted with a hinged flap slotted to engage turn- buttons on the other plate. The hinged flap has two sets of slots, by which means the collar may be lengthened. In Fig. 9, the plates A are shown fitted with sockets B, D, one of which B, is threaded to receive the screw pin C. One of the plates may have a central socket and the other two side sockets, like a hinge. The sockets may be attached to the plates by means of screws, so that the collar may be lengthened or shortened. Fig. 13 shows a slide arrangement 0, P, by means of which the length of the collar may be adjusted. 3271. Holding-, J. Oct. 9. are formed with a compartment A for containing the food and another B to which the horse has access. The two compartments com- municate with each by an aperture formed at the bottom of the divid- ing-piece c. The bottom of the bag is lined with metal gauze. The bag is suspended with the part A below the horse's neck ; a strap e is pro- vided for attachment to the head gear. 18062 A FIG. 2. \ ^ rf ■V*'' \ A 1 .;= ■C B 7 /* -i J.lr-;!?.. ,. Horse clippers and the like. — The top comb plate is formed with a toothed opening B, Fig. 1, and the movable handle with a corresponding projec- tion 0, Fig. 2, which fits easily in the opening B and communicates motion to the top comb plate. The motion in each direction is limited by the projec- tion C locking in the opening B. The movable handle is formed with a boss D, Fig. 2, which embraces the fulcrum pin A and gives support to the handle in line with the part C. The pin A may be formed with a collar fitting close to the lower comb plate, so as to steady the pin and act as a bearing for the boss D. 3723. Kolyoake, W., Nov. 15. and Brown, C. FIG. 8. Horse clippers and the like. — The stationary cutter «, Figs. 1 and 2, has a slot to fit over the shoulder c^ formed on the cap c, and " is secured to the cap by means of the screw e and nut /. The handle d may be formed with or attached to the cap c. To guide the movable cutter b, two pro- jections c^ formed on the cap pass through slots in the cutter b and into holes in the cutter a. To actuate the movable cutter, the stud g^ of the handle g, pivoted on the screw c, enters a slot in 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 the cutter b, the cap being cut away to allow the movement of the handle, and the part g* of the handle being undercut to embrace the cap c when in position. In a modified arrangement, Fig. 8, a thumb-screw h is screwed ithrough the cap c, its plain end entering a hole i in the cutter a, the hole in the cap through which the screw e passes being conical to allow of the cutters being tilted when adjusted by the screw h. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 12, the screws k, upon which the movable handle turns, passes through the cap c, head g^ of the movable handle, and movable cutter h, its plain conical end entering a recess in the cutter a. The screws I bind the cutter a to the cap, the snugs a^ acting as guides for the cutter b. The rear part of the cutter b is raised out of the plane of the other parts and provided with a slot to gear with the stud on the actuating-handle. 3749. Petty, J. K. Nov. 19. Nosebags are made somewhat cylindrical in shape and each is fitted near the top with a metal or canvas diaphragm c. Fig. 3, having an opening in the centre to admit the horse's mouth ; the open- ing may be closed by a slide / operated by cords g. The bag is fitted internally with a spiral spring d, the con- traction of which causes the bottom b to approach the top and keep the corn or fodder up to the horse's moutb, as shown in Fig. 4. The sides of the bag are continued a short distance above the diaphragm, to prevent waste of the fodder. The bottom of the bag is provided with a loop of leather for the purpose of opening it. 3752. Holding-, J., and Nicholson, W. IX. Nov. 19. Whips. — To provide a durable flexible connection between the thong and the stock of a driving-whip, the thong is connected to the stock by a metal sleeve c. Fig. 1. A spring d envelopes the thong and is brazed to the sleeve. In another arrange- ment, the thong is secured to a flat spring g by the tubular parts / and the socket e. The socket and tubular parts are formed by bending the strip of metal at those parts until the edges meet. Per- forations are formed in the socket to facilitate the connection with the thong and the stock by means of rivets or by sewing or other means. The spring may be electroplated or coated with a metal or alloy, to prevent oxidation. 3951. Bouttier, Zi., and Couhault, M. J. B. Dec. 2. FIC.l Horse clippers and the like. — In the apparatus for clipping sheep, shown in Fig. 1, a three- pronged comb B is made to work over a four- pronged comb A, and cutting-edges are formed on both sides of the teeth so as to cut in each direction. The handles C, D are struck up from sheet metal to a suitable form. The handle C is detachably connected to the comb plate A by screws i,- and the handle D is pivoted to it at j. A spring N riveted to the handle C and twisted into two planes at right-angles serves both to keep the handle D down on the plate A and to return the movable comb B which is connected to it by a screw T and a pressure plate G adjusted by the screw T. The handle D communicates motion to the comb B in one direction by means of a pin k, and the spring returns it. A stop pin i<^ limits the outward motion of the spring. In a modified arrangement shown in Fig. 6, a single blade h is made to move over a comb a by a handle d and spring c arranged as compound levers. 4003. laey wood, R., [Heywood, J. j. Dec. 5. [Provisional protection 07ily.'\ Collars, neck. — The collar is provided with a fastening which can be readily released so tihat the 1873] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1873 collar can be placed in position on the horse's neck without being passed over the head. The fastening consists of two pieces of metal, one piece being provided with a bolt which passes into an opening in the other piece and is secured by a spring lever or latch entering a notch in the bolt. The latch is withdrawn by pressing upon a finger- piece. The part of the collar opposite the fasten- ing may be provided with a hinge, and the hames may be attached to or form part of the collar. 4008. Careless, I. Dec. 5. Vgk may be made elastic, as shown in Fig. 4, The elastic links in the traces or those attached to the hames and vehicles may be arranged as shown in Fig. 6. Springs e are fitted between the end of the link a and tlje cross-piece c^ of the hook c. The pins c* slide in holes in the end of the link a. The springs may be arranged inside a hollow hame, as shown in Fig. 8, the traces being connected to a loop in the wire or other rope or chain d. The rollers h round which the rope or chain d passes may be dispensed with and a smooth round surface substituted. One or more flat springs may be fitted between the hames and the collar. Fig. 9 shows a section of one half of a pack-saddle. A flat spring I is fitted between the channel plate j for the back band and the frame i. The plate j is kept in position by brackets Jc and the end plates^^ Helical springs or india-rubber may be substituted for the flat spring. 154. Coc'b.insSi y- S., [Reynolds, S.]. Jan. 12. Fastening, hooks for. The spring hook e, Fig. 2, is formed with an open part d for the application of the thumb to deflect the spring b, which is riveted at c to the body of the hook. In a modifi- cation, the hook is closed by a stop /, Fig. 6, riveted to the spring and having projections on each side working in vertical slots g. By pressing the stop downwards, a ring or other connection may be inserted, The hook is of malleable c^st 52 1874] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1874 iron or other metal, and is cast without the use of cores. The hook is attached to the hames by a loop a, or by a circular plate riveted to the hook, FIG. 2 nc.6 or by a buckle. The hook may be formed with a shank for the attachment of a swivel eye. 169. Norman, J. Jan. 13. Horse dippers and the like. — Relates to improve- ments in the clippers described in Specification No. 135, A.D. 1873. The lower comb plate a is rigidly secured to the handle b and carries the stud a^, which acts as a pivot for the movable handle d. The movable comb plate c has recesses c^ to receive the guide-pins /', and a recess c^ to receive the projection d^ on the lever d. To keep the two comb plates in contact, the plate e passes over the stud a' aud bears against the plate c ; the cross-bar / has an adjusting-screw /^ at its centre to press on the plate e and is secured to the lower plate a by means of the guido-pins/' on the bar/, or by screws screwed into the plate a. The handle b may be attached to the bar / or formed in one piece with it. 405. Gouldlng-, W. Jan. 31. Statids for. — Re- lates to a folding chair, seat, or table, applicable, in one modification, as a " saddle airer " or stand. The top is ,' ■ made of links d f^^^ connected at their outer ends to the legs a, 6, by pins /, g, and at their inner ends by a rod h extending from side to side. Slats or rails i extend across the frame, to form the top. The two middle rails i abut against each other to hold the two parts of the top in an inclined position. 489. More, J. W., and Norman, J. Feb. 6. ^Provisional protection only.'] Saddles, harness. The saddle-tree is of metal or metal and wood combined, and has a groove formed in the upper surface in which the back- band slides. The flaps are connected to the saddle- tree by staples, which pass through holes in the saddle-tree and flaps and also through holes in metal plates enclosed between the flaps and flap linings or between the flaps and panels. The parts are bound together by nuts screwed on the ends of the staples. The staples also retain the backhand in position. The terrets are screwed into holes formed in the centre of the staples. The staples may be dispensed with and the terret plates used to keep the parts together. The saddle-tree may be pin-jointed to the plate so as to admit of adjustment to different horses. 715. Sown, W. Feb. 25. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to the con- struction of horse clippers. The fixed plate a, Fig. 1, is attached to the handle b and is provided with a series of bevelled slots parallel to the teeth to facilitate the discharge of hair, dirt, &c. from between the plates. The movable plate c is operated by means of the projection 6* on the handle ¥ entering a recess c^ in the plate c which is guided by pins on the T-piece d. A pin d^ from the piece d acts as a fulcrum for the handle ¥. The stud a^ and winged nut a^ are provided to secure the piece d to the plate a and to regulate 53 is-?*] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1874 the pressure between the plates a and c. In a modified arrangement, the handle 5', Fig. 8, is formed with a boss c which enters a countersunk recess in the plate o, and the plate d is held in position by a thumb-screw / screwed into the plate a. 10 48. Clark, A. M., March 25. [Boicrdais, A.]. Straps and 6a?;f/s.— Copper, brass, galvanized iron, or other metallic wire is used in making harness straps and other leather articles, instead of the ordinary hemp or other stitching-cord. The stitching-wire may consist of a single wire, or of a cord of several wires twisted together. 1081. Winter, K. March 28. [Provisional protection only.'] FIC.f. Fastening pole chains &c. Relates to a coupling for releas- ing fallen horses. A link, shown in Fig. 1, consisting of a slide kept in position by a bolt, is fitted in the pole chains or straps. By unscrewing the bolt the slide is released and the horse becomes free of the pole chain or straps. 1110. Clark, A. 3>I., [Jouret, A. J.]. March 30. [Provisional protection only.] '"rh 1 J » f, Stopping runaioay and restive horses. — The bear- ings rf of a shaft h carrying a pinion i, conical pulley k, and drum j are mounted upon the axle c or spring g oi s, road vehicle. A bell-crank lever I having an inclined arm which acts upon the pulley 7c to move the shaft h axially is mounted on the frame d and is operated by means of a cord attached to its other arm. When the shaft h is moved so that the pinion i gears with the spur- wheel a on the wheel of the vehicle, the cord o is wound upon the rotating drum j and pulls upon the rings of the bit or upon the noseband, the efl'ect of which is to compel the horse to stop. On releasing the lever Z, the springs throws the pinion i out of gear and the cord o may then be unwound by the horse. 1174. Karrless, G. E. April 4. [Provisional protection only.] Horse-boots ; interfering-rings and the like. — Relates to a new or improved construction of brushing-boot for horses. The boots or leather shields are made " rights " and " lefts " and they are strapped on the hind legs over the fetlocks to prevent bruising of the leg above the hoof ; the inner surface of each boot or shield near the top edge, is provided with a cushion or pad, which has a division or recess formed therein at the point where the boot rests against the hind part of the leg when strapped up. The cushion, resting against the hollow of the leg on each side, will prevent any movement or turning of the boot. 1299. Tong'ue, J. G-., [Curtis, D., and Oilman, H.]. Aprill5. [Provisional protection only. '\ Lining. — Collars, saddles, and other parts of harness are lined with sheet lead to prevent chafing and to heal the flesh when chafed. 1326. Abel, C O., [Fehrmann, L.]. April 17. [ Provisional protection only.] Tj-aces.— Springs are placed at the ends of the traces attached to the draw - bar to prevent longitudinal shocks. A metal tube, hooked to the vehicle, contains a piston and rod which com- press a piece of caoutchouc tubing or a steel spring. The piston-rod passes through the cover of the tube and is secured to the traces. 1582. Jones, T. O. May 5. Whips. — The handles of riding-whips, particu- larly for ladies, are made of cut or blown glass, and in all colours ; they may be solid, or they may have in the top a receptacle fitted with a stopper, so as to form a scent bottle. 1609. Courtols, C. May 7. Horse clippers and the like. — For clipping or shearing animals, espe- cially sheep, the instru- ment consists of a central fixed blade &\ Figs. 1 and 3, and four movable blades h, c actuated by a bow spring e fitted with handles /. The outer blades h are pivoted on pins i and are provided with pins g which engage with projections c^' on the blades c and with slots formed in spring plates d covering the lower part of the blades. The blades are separated for sharpening by raising the r I C .4. 54 IStl] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1674 plate d until the pins g are disengaged ; the spring e then causes the blades to assume the positions shown in Fig. 3. The blades c are held on one side by projections c', while the two blades h are held by pins o. The shears may be taken to pieces for grinding by removing the plate d. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4, five blades are mounted on a single pivot h and are connected by pins and slots. The blades are kept in the open position by a spiral spring x, and are separated for sharpening by raising each blade until the pins d are disengaged from the slots. A pin p enters a groove in the blade o? and prevents the blades from being opened too far ; in some cases this pin may be omitted. The blades may be con- structed of a single blade of steel, or the cutting- parts may be attached by screws. 1788. Iiake, W. R., Ulerserean, W. TX May 20. FIC.2. FIC.4. Dog collars. — The outer part of the collar is formed by a strip A, Fig. 2, of brass or other metal, having the edges turned over to receive a strip B of leather. Chafing of the neck is prevented by a lining of cloth or the like stitched to the leather and extending the width of the metal strip. In a modification, the edges of the leather are split to receive the edges of the metal strip, as shown in Fig. 4, thus preventing contact of the metal part with the neck. 1 954. Ziyon, W. P. June 5. Clothing for animals. — Relates to a method of applying magnetism to animals by means of magnetic fabrics, for curative and other purposes. "Woollen, cotton, linen, silk, felt, or other fabrics, alone or in combination, are woven with short magnetized tubes, wires, or beads of steel or other metal, the tubes &c. being of any suitable form, length, and thickness, and magnetized either before or after being made up into the fabrics. 2012. Singrer, I. BI. June 10. FIC.I. FIC.2. A (^ ^= Traces ; IreecJiing. — Relates to harness for horses mules, or other animals, and consists in arrange- ments for preventing kicking. A strap 1 made of one or more pieces of spring steel is combined with each trace 2 as shown in Fig. 1, either by sewing it inside the leathers of the trace, or by metallic or leather keepers, screws, studs, or other means. Or the steel straps 1 having leather ends 2 riveted to them may be used instead of leather traces as shown in Fig. 2 ; or steel straps con- nected to the splinter-bar and hame tugs may be used. Or the strap and the trace may be enclosed in a flat or other shaped tube. In single harness the hip strap or trace bearer 6 is passed through a loop in the back band or crupper strap in a line with the hip bones across the horse, and is con- nected to both traces ; in double harness it is buckled on the outer trace and to the pole 5, as shown in Fig. 8. 2043. Bllllng-s, CS-. K. June 12. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. Stirrups are constructed so that they will yield to a lateral drag of the stirrup leather should the rider become unseated with his foot caught in the stirrup. The stirrup leather rests on a saddle- piece b which is fitted with an upward projection 6' and pivoted to the stiirup bar a, at c, by means of downwardly-projecting ears R A spring d normally holds the saddle-piece b in position, but, 55 tsU] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1874 in case of a lateral drag, the spriog yields and the saddle-piece is tilted to release the stirrup strap. 2114. Holland, A. June 17. [ProviHio?ial protection only.'] Horse clippers and the like, — To prevent friction in shearing and clipping apparatus, a pair of small rollers are mounted in slots in the cap ; the rollers project sufficiently to touch the face of the top cutting- pi ate, and they rotate with the to-and-fro action of the top cutting plate and cap. Or loose rollers or shots may be set in countersunk grooves in the cap and top plate. There may also be side friction-rollers held in the usual stops of the cap. The apparatus is secured and set up by a movable screw pin with a thumb-piece for adjustment ; the pin passes through all the parts and is arranged near the top of the cap centrally between the two rollers. The shaft of the handle and the cap are preferably made in one piece, to which the lever is secured by a countersunk screw passing through both parts and fastened permanently by a slot, burr, or nut upon the top. 2157. Colverd, J. June 22. [Provisional protection only.] Fastening pole chains and straps. The bead of the pole of a pair-horse carriage consists of a central piece and of two outer pieces of steel, iron, &c., to which the pole pieces are attached. A pin upon each of the side pieces fits into a socket in the pole, and a sliding collar is then screwed upon raised collars on the side pieces and upon iron plates fixed upon the top and bottom of the central piece, so that the side pieces are firmly attached to the pole. The pole hook is formed upon either the top or the bottom plate of the pole. On unscrewing the sliding collar, the side pieces may be detached to release the heads of both horses simultaneously. The collar is prevented from sliding down the pole, when unscrewed, by a small stud on the pole. 2218. Mohr, C, and Shammon, W. June 26. [Provisional protection only,] Muzzles for animals. — In constructing wire muzzles for dogs and other animals, the wires are recessed at their points of junction, or where they cross each other, so that they may fit together or lie evenly and only present the thickness of a single wire. Where two wires cross or join they are folded or clipped within a cross-shaped piece of thin sheet metal, the whole joint being soldered if desired. In the case of three or more wires, the grooves or recesses are cut at the requisite angle and the thin metal clip is formed with two points for each wire. 2236. IMCartln, A. June 27. [Provisional protection only,] Horse clippers and the like, — Relates to appa- ratus for clipping and shearing horses, sheep, and other animals, in which cutters having comb-like teeth slide one over the other. The teeth in one of the cutter plates are cut deep so as to have considerable elasticity and to extend back con- siderably beyond the roots of the teeth of the other cutter plate. A cover plate is used to keep these teeth in working contact with the teeth of the other cutter plate, and the edge of the plate is caused to press upon the teeth at some distance from their roots. 2290. Scott, U. July 1. Fastening traces. A screw buckle, shown in Fig. 17, is used for hold- ing the traces as shown in Figs. R and S. The tongue 6, Fig. 17, is secured by a screw c in a buckle frame a. The trace buckle a, Fig. R, is fitted with a tongue h and a lock c and with a handle which is turned to release the buckle and trace from the roller beds. Fig. S shows how a roller bolt may be used with- out a trace buckle. The trace is passed through the space a and is held by a bolt c on a handle b, which is also used to secure and release the shaft. 2373. Clark, W. July 7. Horse clippers and the like,— The handles of the clippers described in Specification No. 1228, A.D. 1873, are forced apart by springs 6, Fig. 1, 56 1874] ABRIDaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1874 the upper ends of which are hinge i together, while the lower ends are adjustably connectei to the handles. In another avrangemeat, bow springs are employed. The short lever c, Fig. 2, for opera- ting the cutter plate B is formed as a spring lever to enable the cutter plate to yield when grit or stones get between the teeth.' For the same purpose a spring or cushion may be placed in the recess of the cutter plate, between the edges and the stud by which it is actuated. 2 48 4. Turner, 6. July 16. Tethering a n i m a I s. — Pegs for attaching lines for picketing horse.e, of the kind described in Specification No. 1367, A.D. 1871, are provided with eye-bars a which fold against the shank b during transport. The shank b is screwed or fitted with a barb, or is f o r m e d of curved angle-iron as shown in Fig. 11. F\C.u.(sht.3.; 2505. Abel, C. »., [Fehrmann, L.]. July 17. FIC.2. Fastening. — Draw-springs are interposed between the splinter-bar or whipple-tree and the trace fastening, which may be arranged so that the horse, on becoming restive, may release itself or be released by the driver. A caoutchouc tube or a number of caoutchouc washers g, Fig, 2, is placed round the rod C, which, under the pull of the horse, slides in the casing a on the splinter-bar H and compresses the tube or washers. Metal or leather washers g, with rims h, are placed between the washers /. The casing a may be attached by a loop to the whipple-trees, and the trace may be attached to the rod C by a hook, or by a pin T, or by a roller-bolt m\ Fig. 5, upon a hook n. The socket Hti is held upon the hook n by a shoulder at the end of the hook and by a spring a, and is removed by the driver pulling a cord attached to it, or by hand. In a modification, the shoulder on the hook n is omitted, so that a kicking horse may release itself. 2538. Martin, A. July 20. Horse clippers and the like. — In the clipper or shearer described in Specification No. 2236, A.D. 1874, instead of making the cover plate with a straight edge bearing on all the teeth of the upper cutter plate, it is made with a number of slots c', Fig. 1, so as to form numerous springs, each bearing on one or more teeth of the cutter 6, or, in place of the cover plate bearing directly on the cutter, a strip of leather, rubber, or the like with a strip of metal between it and the cutter may be interposed. 57 l674l ABRiDGMEl^T CLASS HARNESS &c. [1874 The cover plate c may be bent down ab its rear edge to bear on the lower cutter plate a, and may be held in place by screws d, passing through the lower cutter and slots in the upper cutter, and screwed into the cover plate or into a bar e above it. The heads of the screws d are countersunk or let -into the underside of the plate a. The upper cutter has fixed to it a pin I which passes up through slots in the plate c and bar e and enters a hole in the end of the upper lever handle. The lower lever handle is secured to the plate a by screws /;, and the upper handle turns on a pin g secured to the lower handle. In a modification shown in Fig. 3, the lower handle is forked, and the upper handle is pivoted directly to the bottom plate. In another modification, shown in Fig. 3", the handle portion of the upper levers has a equare hole fitting a square part on a spindle which is pivoted in the lower cutter and the cover plate and carries an actuating-arm. In another modifi- cation, shown in Fig. 4, a pin on the end of the movable handle enters a block n which works in a recess in the cutter b. The pins d are also pro- vided with square blocks for tbe cutter to work upon. The handles are formed so that they can be grasped in one hand ; they are pressed open by a spring m screwed to one handle and connected to the other by a short link 7n^. The handles may also be formed with eyes like scissor handles. In clippers for shearing sheep, the teeth of the lower cutter are preferably made wide and blunt at the points, and the upper cutter may have two teeth to each tooth of the lower cutter, or be constructed as shown in Fig. 5 so that it is traversed to such an extent only that its teeth move from over the side edge of one tooth of the lower cutter to over the side edge of the next tooth, the upper surface of each tooth of the bottom cutter being hollowed out at the centre. The under edges of the teeth of the bottom cutter are bevelled off near the points, so that the wool may be gathered more easily between the points. The upper cutter is of curved form as shown in Fig. 5x, and the rear portions of its teeth are ground away underneath, so that only the front portions act as cutters. enter holes in the plates a, c. Two openings are formed in the plate e, as shown, to receive the 2635. Martin, R. July 28. Horse clippers and the like. — The lower plate a, Figs. 2 and 4, carries the fixed handles b ; the movable plate is guided by screws/ which also ad- just the pressure of the cover d, and the plate is operated by the handle c pivoted on studs d which handles, the screw of the fixed handle passing through the cover plate, to hold it in position. 2764. Coulxault, M. J. B. Aug. 10. Horse clippers and the like. — The fixed arm a, Figs. 1 and 2, is provided with a head to which the comb b is attached by screws c, and to which the pressure plate d is also attached by adjusting-screws / and nuts g. The movable comb h is operated by the stud k passing through the slot I in the plate d and attached to the short arm i of the movable handle, which is pivoted on the stud j carried by the arm a. Studs m in the fixed comb work in slots in the movable comb, to serve as guides. 2923. Carter, J. Aug. 26. [Provisional protection only.'] Fastening traces. Relates to means for attach- ing harness traces to vehicles so that they may be readily detached for releasing a fallen horse &c. The eye or loop of the trace is made of metal covered with leather, and it is divided into two parts which are hinged together by a knuckle joint. The two parts of the eye may be rigidly connected together by a spring latch or bolt carrying a knob or handle and taking into a catch or socket. To attach the eye of the trace to the roller-bolt of the vehicle, the latch is withdrawn from the catch by means of a knob, and the eye is opened to allow of its being passed around the roller-bolt, when it is snapped to. To release the eye, the latch is withdrawn. 58 18'74] ABItlDaMET^T CLASS HARNESS &c. [1874 3024. Bossert, A., {Holder, P., and Stoh, A.]. Sept. 3. [Provisional protection onh/.'] Horse clippers and the lihe. — In an apparatus for shearing sheep and other animals a comb plate is mounted upon one of a pair of shear arras, and upon the other is mounted a two-edged knife which " receives its pressure and movement upon " the comb by the bill or point of a superposed "spring" regulated by a finger screw. The correct movement of one arm upon another is secured by a bridge-piece resting on two collars on the comb arm or by a groove in the shear arm. 3050. Clayton, P., [Given, A. G.]. Sept. 5. i'^-'V ■\G.7.i 3301. Rog-ers, J. B. Fastening traces &c. A fastening harness traces &c two levers b, e. Fig. 7, which c, g to the slotted legs a, levers are supported in the strap q, which slides upon form of the hook, the lever Fastening. — Relates to a fastening for securing the backhand to the shaft, and for the traces. The frame a, Fig. 2, supports the tongue b, Figs. 2 and 7, on pivots c, a strengthening-bearing d being provided. The link e, from the strap passing round the shaft Z, is passed over the tongue b, and the tongue is secured in position by means of the slide /and a strap g passing through the keeper i and into the pocket k on the backhand. To release the fastening the strap g is withdrawn from the pocket and keeper and the slide/ raised. For chain attachments, the strap g, Fig. 1, is buttoned over a stud h at the bottom of the frame a. Sept. 26. slip-hook for use in . is constructed with are attached by pivots rt^ of the hook. The closed position by a the legs. In another b, Fig. 1, is supported in the closed position by the nose e of the lever d, which is released, when necessary, by withdrawing a pin h. This form of hook may be used in the inverted position, the lever b being then continued beyond the pivot e^ and provided with a counter- poise which throws the hook open when the pin h is withdrawn. In a third form, the points of the levers b, d, Figs. 5 and 6, are arranged to cross one another when the hook is clo=ed ; the carved inner parts 7c, Fig. 5, of the levers project when the hook is open, so that the staple I &c. presses upon them and turns the levers on their pivots r to close the hook ; a spring or boltj then engages in slots 0 to hold it closed. Tumbler plates m with projecting flanges^ are fitted in the casing of the hook, so that in the case of " a vehicle taking " beyond a fixed amount of side motion," the pressure of the tumblers against the spring opens the hook. 3329. Clay, J. Sept. 29. [Provisional pro- tection only.'] Saddles are made adjustable so as to fit animals having backs of different sizes and figures. The front and back parts of the saddle-tree are made of metal and are arch-shaped. Each part consists of a middle curved plate shaped to fit the animal's back, and two pivoted outer curved plates capable of being fixed in different positions on the middle plate. The lower ends of the outer plates carry the wooden bars which form the bearings of the saddle. The seat of the saddle is secured to the middle plates. The outer plates turn on bolts on the middle plates, and their inner ends are angu- larly recessed to engage angular key pieces which are bolted to the middle plates and serve to fix the outer pivoted plates in the different positions. Three or more angular key pieces are provided for each arched part, each differing in width, so that the distance between the ends of the outer 59 is?*] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HA.RNESS &c. [1874 plates can be varied. Several adjustments of the saddle can thus be made, whilst the seat is not changed by such adjustments. Oct. 13. l^Provisional 3512. Garnett, W. protection only.l Saddles. — Military and other saddles are made adjustable to suit the size and shape of the horse's withers and back. An inner frame, which can be adjusted to a greater or less distance from the saddle, is attached to the underside of the saddle- tree by means of box screws or pins screwed on their upper ends and passing through holes in the saddle-tree. This frame consists of two parts symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the tree ; each part is composed of a longitudinal piece, " which follows the general figure of the " bearing bar " of the tree and of a cross-bar, at its front end, " which follows the general figure of " a portion of the front arch of the saddle-tree." The screws or pins are provided with nuts, by which the frame can be moved nearer to or farther from the underside of the tree. 3526. Burch, W., and Thorn, A. Oct. 14. {^Provisional protection only.'] Saddles. — The saddle-trees are made adjustable to the withers and backs of horses of various sizes. The fore arch and the cantle are each composed of two pivoted curved metal arms, the lower ends of which are secured to side bars, while the upper ends are formed in the shape of jaws, to embrace partially small rollers lying longitudinally in cups, held in position by pins. The rollers are vertically bored and tapped, and adjusting-screws are passed through them. The upper ends of the screws project and are shaped to fit a key. When the key is operated, the rollers are worked up or down in the cups, and exert a pressure on the upper or lower lips of the jaws, drawing the side bars towards each other, or forcing them apart suffi- ciently to fit the withers and back of the horse. The seat is secured at the front to the arms of the fore arch and at the back to a curved plate placed immediately in front of the cantle, and is only very slightly affected by the expansion or contraction of the tree. 3929. Staker, C. Nov, 14, Runaway horses, releasing. — When a vehicle is drawn by two horses, the traces are formed at their ends with flat metallic pieces which pass through slots A in the splinter-bar a and are held by bolts D on the ends of spring levers 0, which are all connected i by rods F to a rein. On pulling this rein, the levers C are turned back against the springs K and the bolts D are withdrawn from the holes in the metallic attachments on the traces, thus releasing the horses. The crab is loose on the head of the pole and slips off when the traces are released. When there is one horse only, the ends of the shafts are attached to the vehicle by bolts which may be slipped as above to release the horse. 4003. Knibbs, F. E. Nov. 21. fIC.I FIG. 3. Whip sockets. — The lower end of the whip is placed in a cup d, Fig. 3, the depression of which causes the jaws h to open and allow the whip to be inserted. The cup d, Fig. 1, is connected to the rod c in the interior of the case a, and the depres- sion of the rod c rotates the spindles i, upon which the jaws are mounted at a slight inclination to each other. The spring pawl ?, which engages with the teeth j so as to prevent the spindle c from mo'viug up or down, is released by a key passed through a slit in the case a. The grooves g^, Fig. 3, in the jaws h may be fitted with an elastic material, and the case a is attached to the splashboard or other part of the vehicle by clips I. 4099. Sampson, G-> D. Nov. 30. Fastening. — In a fastening for securing the straps, traces, and backhands of harness, a pin &, Fig. 2, formed on one side of a plate c embedded in a strap, engages with one of a series of holes a in another strap A, and, to prevent unfastening, a metal, leather, wood, or other loop B provided with a spring or catch d is drawn over the straps so as to encircle them until the spring d springs over a pin e carried by the plate c. The pin e may be carried by the spring d so as to engage with a series of holes in either of the straps. More than 60 1874] ABRIBaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1874 one pin h may be used, and the pins may be riveted &c. to the strap. A second loop, preferably of leather, may be employed on the hame tug for confining the point of the trace, and an additional sliding loop, made of leather attached to a leather support, is employed above the metal loop on the shaft tug, so that the trace has a tendency to draw the leather loop towards and in contact with the metal loop. ■ \ 4159. Small, J. K. Dec. 3. Brushing-apparatus for grooming ; comhs ; horse clippers and the like. — A flexible shaft for driving a combined brushing, combing, and clip- ping machine, similar to the brushing-machine described in Specification No. 27, A.D. 1873, consists of a series of short shafts working in sleeves h, ¥, V and united by universal joints consisting of two hemispheres provided with rows of teeth, the number in each row diminishing towards the axis. The hemispheres are kept in contact by toothed segments Gr attached to collars on the sleeves 5, 5^, ¥ and united by links H pivoted at the centre of each segment. One end of the flexible shaft is connected to the driving- shaft by a universal joint, while the other end is formed to receive the brush, cloth, rubber, sponge, or the like, or a shearing or cutting device. The brush is provided with a shield I, Fig. 5, having an opening K at the back to which a flexible tube or FIC.2 pipe may be attached for conveying away the dust &c. The tube may lead to a covered box or bin in the stable, or to an exhausting-fan which dis- charges tbe dust outside the stable. The shield may also be provided with a currycomb L or other comb for removing mud &c. 4249. Pyne, R. W. M. Dec. 10. Whips. — A riding- whip is constructed so as to be convertible into an umbrella or sunshade. A tubular stick contains two sliding tubes, to the larger of which are attached the stretchers, and to the smaller the ferrule connected to the ribs by " hinges on a hoop or ring." The ribs lie side by side and enclose the whole cover, thus preventing any rubbing against the inside of the outer tube. When it is required to convert the whip into a parasol or sunshade, the handle or knob is un- screwed and applied to the other end. The ribs are then drawn from the tube, and, the ferrule being arrested at the end of the tube by a shoulder, are turned over on the hinges, with the assistance of a spiral spring enclosed in the tubular end of the stick and a telescopic action near the ferrule. They are then drawn downwards by the tube to which the stretchers are attached, and by another telescopic action between the joints and the tops of the ribs. The ribs " become elongated so as to " expand the silk " when the article is opened. 4356. Clark, _ A. JW., \_Ulnan7i, G. H.]. Dec. 17. [Provisional protection only.'] Whips. — Relates to a method of manufacturing ornamental buttons, applicable also to the manu- facture of the knobs of riding-whips. A photo- graph or an engraving on paper is fixed by means of an adhesive material to the inner surface of a concave or flat disc of glass, mica, gelatine, or other transparent material, so that the photograph &c, is visible through the glass. The back is filled in with mastic, or a bituminous or other cement, or resin of any colour, and a metal back having a shank, pin, or other means of attachment is then fixed to the mastic &c. 4370. Brown, IMC. H. Dec. 18. \_Provisional protection only.~\ Nosebags are suspended so that they will rise when the horse's bead is lowered and fall when the horse's head is raised. The parts employed for suspension are connected to the bottom of the bag, and a grooved pulley is placed behind each of the rosettes of the head gear, A light cord or strap of round leather is passed over the pulleys, and through the rein rings fixed on the collar, the loop of the cord or strap being passed over the hook of the saddle. Each end of the cord or strap " is con- " nected to the upper ends of the suspending " pieces fixed to the bottom of the bag," and the part which passes over the hook is made elasiic or with a spring or springs, to enable the movement of the horse's head to lengthen and shorten it. The suspending-appliance may be applied to au ordinary nosebag. 61 1874] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1874 FIC.I f-i b- Cb C -dr Qx h 4397. Colverd, J. Dec 21. Fastening pole chains and straps. The head of a carriage pole a consists of a central piece e and two side pieces h. The side pieces h are of steel &c. and carry the pole pieces, while the cen- tral piece e has at- tached, at top and bottom, metal plates one of -which carries the pole hook. A sliding collar /engages upon a screw cut on a raised collar on the side pieces h and the metal plates of the central piece e, and can be fixed in position by means of a thumb- screw Ti or spring. Pins on the back ends of the pieces h engage in holes d in the pole a to hold the pieces h in place, and a pin g prevents the collar/, when unscrewed to release the pieces h, from slipping down the pole. 4438. Cox, W. Dec. 24. FIC.4. Saddles. — The trees of a harness saddle are of cast or wrought iron or other metal, and are formed in one piece with a trough a for the back- band, which passes through openings d between the ends of the tree and the transverse bars c. Side plates e, / g are provided for the attachment of the leather. Draught saddles are formed in a similar manner with side plates e, Fig. 4, for the attachment of the leather and the terrets and with an eye for the attachment of the crupper strap. In this case the backhand passes under bars c near the ends. 4441. Wilton, K. S. Dec. 24. Saddles. — To prevent injury to a rider when thrown forwards on to the pommel of a saddle, the front or rising portion of the seat is cut away as shown in plan in Fig. 1. The seat is supported by straps fixed to the cantle and the underside of the seat and tightened over the pommel. The panels are lined with rubber sponge covered with linen, the lower part being covered with leather to prevent friction on the sides of the horse. A girth composed of two or more leather straps is used, the separate straps being held apart by means of cross-pieces or separators of steel or the like covered with leather. An opening may be made in the centre of the seat for riders suffering from piles or rupture. When applied to a hunting-saddle, an elastic cushion is inserted in the opening in the pommel. The saddle is stated to allow of ventilation to the back of the horse. 4492. Johnson, J. K., \_La- marque, B., and Bories, J. A."]. Dec. 31. Stopping and controlling runaway and restive horses. — In single harness, a strap A passing over the back of the horse carries at each end a pulley ring B strapped to the shafts by straps C. Round the pulleys is passed a cord D which bears against the hind part of the horse and forms the breeching strap at the part fZ, where it is padded and lined with leather. The ends of the cord are connected behind the horse into an eye or loop F, which is hooked to a cord or band G wound on the barrel of a wind- letss E placed under the seat of the 1874] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1875 vebicl3. The kicking-strap H is provided with two rings or loops c, which support the cord or band on each side "on a level with the stifle joint." When the cord G- is wound on the dram, the cord D acts against and paralj'zes the posterior parts of the horse. lu double harness, a pulley fixed to each trace is substituted for the pulley ring. Tha kicking-strap " is V-shaped ; it is buckled at its rear part " behind the sacrum, and the lower extremities are " united to buckles placed for the purpose at the " outer parts of the fore carriage or at the pole," It is also provided with guiding or supporting rings or loops for the cord D. A.D. 1876. 277. Howard, J., and Cox, W. Jan. 25. [^Provisional protection only.'\ Saddles, girths for. A saddle-girth tightener, which keeps the girth at all times tight to the horse's belly, is attached to the strap end of the girth ; it consists of a small metallic box enclosing two, three, or more longitudinal metal rods encircled by helical springs, which tend to tighten the girth. 394. Beck, W. K., [Steinbach & Co., A."]. Feb. 3. [Provisional protection onlt/.'] Saddles, fastening. — To maintain the tension of saddle girths automatically, a series of springs are inserted in the girth, the range of the springs being limited by means of stops. To fasten the girth, and at the same time allow it to be auto- matically tightened, a pawl and ratchet plate are employed. 416. Chaquette, E. Feb. 4. FIG. 2. Animals, stocks for holding. — Re- lates to stocks f o holding sheep wih ile being sheared. The stocks and the shearing - machine are mounted o u separate frames A, T, Fig. 1, con- nected by a bolt u, nc.5. 63 1875] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1875 Fig. 2, so that they can be separated for con- venience of transport. The sheep is laid upon an endless slat belt D, Fig. 1, supported by rollers /. This belt receives and carries away the fleece as it is cut. The sheep's legs are held in clamps o on arms G carried by shafts H connected by gear- wheels I, I^ with a hollow shaft K. This shaft can be put in gear with the main shaft V of the machine by means of a lever w which pushes a bevel-wheel I on the shaft K into gear with a pinion m which is driven from the shaft V through bevel gear 18, a shaft 16,. a universal joint 20, and a shaft n, so as to turn the sheep slowly as the shearing proceeds. The stocks and the gearing I, I^ are carried by brackets F, F, which can be adjusted towards or away from one another by a right and left handed screw g passing through the hollow shaft K. The arms G at one end are bent over so as to make room for the sheep's head. Each of the leg clamps consists, as shown in Fig. 5, of a jaw o^ pivoted to a jaw o which can swivel on a plate p journalled in brackets on a box r adjustable on the arms G. The jaw o^ is provided with a locking-pawl a engaging ratchet teeth on the jaw o. The jaws are lined with sheepskin. 421. Adle, P. Feb. 4. [Provisional pro- tection only.'l Horse clippers and the like. — The strain on the screws holding together the plates of the clippers described in Specification No. 2796, A.D. 1866, is relieved by a stud fixed to one plate and entering a slot in the other. 438. Dufrend, Feb. 5. K. A., [Dauner, J. L.}. nc.i. CL Collars, necJc. — Collars are made adaptable to horses of different sizes by constructing the frame pr bpw in four parts, hinged together at a, h, h\ and closed by a pin b. The parts g, g^ are extended above the joints h, h}, and adjusting-screws g, g* are fitted. Side pieces i, «\ hinged to the joints of the frame, carry the draw-hooks m, m^ The frame is preferably of iron, but may be of steel, leather, or brass, and is made light by employing the iron flatwise, or by covering the face of the bow with " a kind of planking " before stuffing. 451. Boucley, P. Feb. 6. Materials ; straps and bands. — Harness straps and bands are formed by impregnating a number of parallel threads, preferably of vegetable fibre, with caoutchouc, gutta-percha, boiled oils, or other glutinous or waterproofing materials, the object being to arrange the. threads so that they offer a maximum resistance to tension and do not tend to change their positions. The threads are drawn off from bobbins or a warp beam and are passed through a reed, thence under a spout from which the viscous waterproofing-solution flows, an even distribution being effected by a knife. The threads are finally wound on a reel or beam, transverse bars arranged between the coils forming air spaces to facilitate drying. The solution may be charged with sulphur, sulphides, or other vulcanizing- agents, and with colouring-matter when desired. After passing through the reed, the warp threads may be taken between calender rolls to be impreg- nated. In making straps, several layers of the waterproof threads may be superposed, an inter- mediate strip being placed with the threads run- ning crosswise. The whole may be covered with caoutchouc fabric. 509. Kutchinson, W. 17. Feb. 11. Stirrups. — To facilitate mounting, the stirrup is provided with hollow side pieces and an additional footplate d, suspended by springs e and capable of being drawn downwards and retained in the ex- tended position by spring catches h engaging the edge of a collar g on the side legs c. The spring is released, and the footplate raised, by pressing on a stud k in the fixed footplate a. {For Figure see next page.^ H 1875] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1875 509. 618. Schwanck, C. F. Feb. 20. FlQ.k Fastening ; run- away horses, releas- ing.— Relates to an elastic spring hook or fastening adapted for the traces of horses, and for other pur- poses. When the fastening is applied, to traces or pole chains, sudden jerks or strains are eased or modified and the traces may be freed at any moment to release runaway or fallen horses &c. Fig. 1 shows one form of fasten- ing consisting of two jaws A pin-jointed together at one end ; the upper jaw carries a pin C near the outer end, and the lower jaw has an eye into which the pin can enter. Between the jaws there is a blade or other spring E having a tendency to force the jaws asunder. Un each jaw there is a shoulder a and, to close the jaws, a link F is drawn forwards past the shoulders, thereby causing the pm to enter the eye, while the action of the spring prevents the link from returning. To open the jaws, they are pressed towards each other, when the link can be slipped back. Attached to or forming part of the fastening is a shank G which passes into and through a case H containing one or more coiled rubber or other springs 1, which always tend to draw the shank inwards. An eye is formed on the back end of the case. For one-horse carriages the cases are made with flanges for attachment to the shafts, and for pair-horse carriages they are 11083 65 provided with collars having screws for attach- ment to the splinter-bar. The link F may be dis- pensed with and the pin C split and provided with projections or latches. Or the jaws A, Figs. 12 and 13, may be slotted to fit over the cross ends or elongated heads of a separate locking-pieoe B having an eye to which the trace &o. is attached ; the locking-piece is rotated through a quarter of a revolution to cause the heads to lie across the slots in the jaws, as shown. 7 65. Johnson, J. H., [Nye, F. C.}. March 2. ric.3: FIC.I. Fastening. — Snap-hooks for connecting the traces of harness with the ring of the Whipple tree &c. are made of one piece of wire or other flexible and elastic material, bent into a loop A, sides B, and two hooks 0, GK Eacb side or arm has between the loop and the hooks a convex bend b, b^, forming a swell. The closed part of each hook covers the open part of the other, making a closed eye. The arms may be locked together by a double crossing, or simply crossed once, on one or both sides of the swell. The hooks are opened by compressing the two bends of the swell between the thumb and fore- finger. According to Fig. 1 (Sheet 1), the plane of the swell is perpendicular to that of the loop and eye, and the sides cross each other at each side of the swell. The sides may be in parallel planes, as shown in Fig. 3, and the position of the hooks may be reversed. According to Fig. • 1 (Sheet 2>, the hooks are in a plane perpendicular to that of the look and the swell, and the arms are simply crossed between them. According to Fig. 1 (Sheet 3), the loop, swell, and hooks are all in the same plane, and the arms are locked together be- tween the loop and the swell, but the loop may be in a plane perpendicular to that of the swell and the eye, as shown in Fig. 7. 1875] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1875 7 6 6. Johnson, J. H., [Nye, F. C.]. March 2. riC.I2 Fastening. — Relates to snap-hooks for reins or straps, and, in larger sizes, for traces. The hooks are made of one piece of wire or other flexible and elastic material bent into a loop A, sides B, and two hooks C. The closed part of each book covers the open part of the other, making a closed eye, which is in a plane at right-angles to that of the loop and sides. The sides may be either bent, as shown in Fig. 1, or flat, as shown in Fig. 5, and the two legs are crossed or locked together be- tween the Slides and the e^e. The hooks may have finger-pieces d, Fig. 12, to facilitate opening. They may be made of oval or half-round iron wire, coated with tin, or of flat wire, twisted as 8 own in Fig. 20. They are preferably made by the machinery described in Specification No. 767, A.D. -i875. [Abridgment <7/rtss Nails ^-f.]. 805. Ziaycock, G. March 4. Ci FIG. 3. J Electric harness. — An electric machine or battery is connected to the bit, bellyband, and kicking- straps affixed to the horse's legs to stop, urge on, or control the animal. The parts a, &, Fig. 3, of the bit are insulated from each other, and are con- nected to the battery or machine by wires on the reins. The bellyband or girth is fitted with two pieces of copper near the places where the spurs are usually applied, and the straps buckled round the hind and fore legs of the horse are lined with copper. Another appliance to replace this kick- ing-strap consists of a metal spring shown in Fig. 6. The machine or battery may be placed in front of the rider on a saddle horse, or under the driver's seat in a conveyance. To prevent the horse from running away, the machine is attached to the brake, and is rotated by the wheel when the brake is applied. 93 }. Rowand, Itl. March 13. {Provisional protection only.'] Fastening pole chains or traces, to enable a fallen liorse to be quickly released. The pole chain or trace is attached by means of a bolt screwed into a nut in the end of the pole. By unscrewing the bolt the chain or trace is released. 972. Kaln, J. P. March 16. [Provisional protection not allowed."] Whips. — The handle of a riding-whip is hollow, and is closed by a screw top or otherwise. The receptacle thus formed contains a powder pufF, ivory puff, or rouge puff, and may be fitted with needles, cotton, thimble, and scissors, and other articles of a " ladies' companion." The receptacle may also contain a tablet or memorandum book, or sketching and drawing pencils, or may be used for holding a railway ticket. 985. Coleman, T. March 17. [Provisional protection only.'\ Clothing for animals ;faste?dng. — Rollers for horse cloths are rendered elastic by springs contained in metal tubes arranged in a leather casing on each side of the pad or middle piece. Leather straps, secured to the rear end of the springs, pass through the tubes and are attached to the webbing on one side by buckles and on the other side by stitching. The tubes and springs may be circular or flat, the mouths of the tubes being contracted to prevent the withdrawal of the springs. These springs are coated with tin or other metal by electroplating or by boiling in a solution of caustic soda or other alkaline solution, together with the tin or other metal. 1101. Plower, R. March 25. [Provisional protection only.] Horse clippers and the like. — Clippers for sheep and other animals are driven by compressed air, steam, or other fluid. The apparatus consists of a small cylinder, to be held in the hand of the operator, having a long piston, which is formed with a face to receive a slide valve controlling the admission an 1 exhaust. The valve is worked by a rod or tappets, which come in contact with the ends of the cylinder, or other suitable part. The piston-rod carries a pin working in a slot in the arm of the moving cutter or cutters, the other catter or cutters being fixed on the cylinder. When a number of clippers are worked together, they are supplied fiom one common reservoir char^red with air &c. 1110. Morg'an-Brown, W., [Maitre, J.]. March 27. Runaway horses, releasing. — The backhand, traces, bellyband, and breeching are connected tP ^6 1875] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1875 loops a, a\ a*, a' on metal plates A having pins B attached to the shafts by hinged caps E. The hinged caps are kept closed by spring catches 6 provided with knobs H, which are actuated by cords or straps to release the caps E and plates A. For carriages, cabs, and other vehicles, the pins B may pass through eyes on the shafts and be secured by split-pins. Fig. 5 shows the arrange- ment for pair-horsed vehicles having a single shaft. The loops M for the traces are connected to the 8plintfir-bar by sliding bolts 71 mounted on the ends of spring blades fixed on the splinter-bar. The ends of the blades are connected by straps, cords, or chains 5 to a strap &c. S attached to a lever N. The rings and buckles for the pole chains are carried by a me'al piece L secured on the end of the pole by a pin or bolt t at the end of a spring R, which is also connected with the strap &c. S by a strap, cord, or chain T. By operating the lever N, the bolts t, n are withdrawn, thus releasing the horse. At the same time the lever applies the brake to the rim or hub of one of the wheels. 1206. Wolseley, P. V. April 3. [Pro- vmonal protection only.] Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to appa- ratus for shearing or clipping horses, sheep, or other animals, and consists in giving to the upper cutter plate a rapid reciprocating or vibratory motion by self-acting mechanism. The mechanism is composed of a train of wheels actuated by a coiled spring enclosed in a case on the framework of the machine. The spring, when wound up, transmits motion through the train to a crank or its equivalent comnaunicating with the cutter plate. 'J he speed may be regulated by means of a brake &c. in connection with the prime mover. 1279. Shelley, J. S. Aprils. IProoisional protection only.'] Horne clippers and the like. — A plate having a curved cut'iag edge is rotated above teeth on a portion of the rim of a circular plate by a spur- wheel carried by a spindle forming the holder of thft apparatus. The spur-wheel gears with elliptical openings arranged in a circle in the plate, and is driven by a small handle. The upper plate is adjustably arranged above the lower by means of a spindle, spring washer, aad screw, and is fluted 18062 67 on the underside to prevent distortion. The thickness of the toothed portion of the lower plate determines the depth of hair left, and the end teeth are rounded ofE to avoid leaving a ridge. 1356. Harlow, P. J. S. April 14. iFIC.4. Collars, neck, hames for. The draughts, terrets, and other loops for hames consist of wrought-iron skeletons, which are attached to the hames by casting brass, German silver, or other metal or alloy round them and round the parts of the hames at which they are placed. The hooked end e^, Fig. 2, of the skeleton draught e is placed under or welded to a cranked or recessed part of the hame a, and the parts are placed in a chill mould and secured together by a covering b of cast brass or other alloy or metal. The terrets c. Fig. 4, are cast without an iron skeleton, and are similarly secured to a cleat-shaped projection k on the hame a. The loops at the ends of the hames may be made and secured in the same manner. 1379. Hosklng-, W. Ii. Apiil 15. l^hips. — A magnetic compass is inserted in a whip, and the whip is fitted also to serve as a telescope or field glass. Fig. 1 shows the inven- tion applied to a walking-stick. An object glass A is attached to the stick by a clamp a, the screw b of which may enter a guiding-groove. The eye- piece B is hinged to the stick at the handle, and folds down over a magnetic compass c let into the stick, A leather pouch, for containing the object glass when not in use, may be hung from an eye e on the stick. The lens may, alternatively, be covered by hinged caps C, Fig. 10, which, when opened out, form a sunshade. Fig. 10 shows the object glass carried by a spring clip g. The spring 5 Z 1875] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &o. [1875 clip may have a tightening-screw, as shown in Fig. 13. Fig. 2 shows an eye-piece B and compass c let into the head of a cane. FIC.I3. r^^ 1407. Rollason, J. G-., and Wood, J., [trading as Rollason & Wood]. April 17. FiG.r. Dog collars. — Relates to a fastening for dog collars &c., described as applied to solitaires and sleeve-links. A blank of the form shown in Fig. 2 is bent to form the part A, Fig. 1, of the fastening, the strip D being bent outwards at the part h, Figs. 2 and 5, to form a thumb-piece for releasing the fastening, and provided with the slot g to receive the notched end / of the loop F. The loop has side projections to pass through the holes a, b, Fig. 2, to hold the parts A, B together, and to act as pivots upon which the loop turns. A heel e on the loop bears against the end E of the strip to produce a spring action in the loop. The back part of the fastening consists of a metal or other disc pierced to receive projections on the tubular shank C, Fig. 1, the projections being flattened down by stamping a device on the disc. The front end of the shank C has openings through which the loop F is passed. The disc may be replaced by a flexible strip which passes round the article to be fastened, the shank or a staple being fixed at one end, and slots formed in the opposite end through which the shank or staple is passed and secured by the fastening A, Fig. 1. For dog collars, the front, back, and sides of the fastening A are in separate pieces, and may be connected by a rivet. The loop is made tubular in form. The front and back of the fastening A, Fig. 1, may be circular or other shaped, and may be embossed, engraved, enamelled, or otherwise ornamented, or may be formed to receive a photograph, or a piece of ivory, glass, wood, or other ornamented material. 1486. Myring-, C. April 23. [Prsvisional protection only."] Preventing horses from falling. — A receptacle con- taining ashes or other substance suitable for pre- venting the feet of a horse from slipping on ice &c. is attached to the harness or saddle and com- municates with the horse's feet through holes controlled by springs and reins. The apparatus may be so arranged that the material is liberated automatically by the movements of the horse's feet. The receptacle may be made part of, or separate from, the harness. 1504. Pagre, K. Xi. April 23. Drawings to Specification. Fastening, studs or buttons for. Relates to studs for wearing-apparel, stated to be applicable also for fastening harness. The stud is formed with a flexible and extensible shank consisting of a piece of wire doubled and enclosed in a helical spring. One end of the enclosing-spring is attached to the base of the stud, and the other end to the wire at the head of the stud. The spring is enclosed in a metal sleeve fixed to the base of the stud. In a modification, the flexible shank is made in halves, which are attached respectively to the head and base of the stud. 1535. Crlchton, K. G. !■. April 27. Saddles. — Military saddles are made lighter, and the load is more evenly distributed on the horse's back, by transferring the attachments to the front and back parts of a leather numnah, made in two parts, single at the centre and double at the ends. Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of the arrangement, the wallet 0, shoe case D, nosebag ring I, sword straps E, F, and the loops 13, G for the cloak and centre baggage - straps being arranged as shown; the bucket for the carbine is , arranged on the opposite side. Fig. 3 shows a similar construction of numnah for the use of civilians, the fittings for arms being dispensed with. (^For Figures see nextpage.^ 6§ 1675] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1875 1535. FIG. I. 1555. Simons, R. K., and Martin, A. April 28. \_Provisional protection only. 1 Hoi'se clippers and the like for clipping and shear- ing horaes, sheep, and other animals, with one or both hands, or by power. The working parts move on hard steel surfaces. The meeting faces of the two cutting-plates are flat. The plates are held in place by screws "passing through the " bottom and screwing the lower and upper cutting- " plates into a steel springing bar;" check nuts are placed on the screws. The edges of the plates &c. are chamfered to avoid marking the animal. To give to-and-fro motion to the upper cutting- plate, a round pin at the end of the upper lever passes through a round hole in the movable plate and " acts through a sliding-block to the bottom " lever." If the apparatus is to be used with one hand only, there is " a tumbler motion upon the " bottom lever," and the fixed handle is secured to the cover plate. A spring " springing from each " side with a centre circle " is attached to both handles, of which one has a bow like a scissors handle, and the other a bent end. " A flat, long, " and hollowed or fluted tooth " is used especially for sheep clippers. To drive the upper cutting- plate at greater speed, "a mechanical motion" is employed ; it is " attached to the handle with a " spur-wheel, having a pinion-shaft so as to gain " speed upon a flywheel and an endless screw work- " ing an eccentric ; " this arrangement may be worked by a handle, or an additional wheel, or otherwise. 2068. Zialoy, J. P. A. June 5. Horse clippers and the like. — The upper cutter B is guided by pins b working in curved slots so that .it gives a drawing cut. The upper cutter is pre- ferably made to travel over the space of two teeth on the lower cutter A, advancing for the first out and retreating for the second. FIC.I. iiiiiiiiin 2216. Phlpps, T. Xi., June 16. and Bur man, W. f '°"- FIC.12. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to modifi- cations of the clippers described in Specification No. 2970, A.D. 1873. Instead of using a bow spring between the expanded or cover part b of the fixed°handle and the movable cutter, the part b is made both as a cover and as a spring ; for this purpose it is bowed and made of a yielding thick- ness. It is tightened by a nut h on the pivot pin i or by a cottar. The ends of the cover are provided with studs which pass through guiding-*lots d in the movable cutter and take into elliptical holes in the fixed cutter. Or the cover may be flat and rectangular with inclined sides or edges divided at the angles and made thinner than the principal part. A spring of this form may be used under a rigid cover. If the clipper is "double-acting," that is, made with teeth on the front and back edges of the cutters, the movable cutter is formed with two oblong slots m, n into one or other of which the stud p of the movable handle takes for giving the required to - and - fro motion. To reverse the clipper the nut of the central pin is removed, and the handles are shifted. The stud p may be on either side of the pivot. The cutters are made from steel bars rolled to sections shown in Figs. 11 and 12, for the bottom and top cutters respectively. Suitable lengths having been cut off, the teeth are cut in the ordinary manner. The outer face of the bar for making bottom cutters is rolled convex. The edges of both bars are bevelled as shown. Similar bars may be used for making single-acting cutters. 69 1876] ABRtoaMEtJT OLA.SS itAItNEgS .^c. [18^5 2233. Turquand, W. IW. G-. June 17. 1 Animals, stocks and like appliances for holding. — Apparatus for shearing sheep, consists of two side frames, so arranged that the animal can be readily secured to one of them, moved into convenient positions for shearing, and transferred from one frame to the other. In Figs. 1 and 3, the side frames h, which are ■with netting, have pivots along the curved grooves tixei to the bed frame a. of wood and covered &\ h^ which can move c^, in the standards c The collar, shown in Fig. 7, which hoi Js the neck of the animal, con- sists of an iron band fitted with a hinge and a spring catch, and is lined with leather. Conical- headed pins project from the iron band on opposite sides as shown, and one of these is passed through the slot in the iron bar 5-, Fig. 3, and held by the gripper shown in Fig. 8. The clips for the legs, shown in Figs. 4 and 5, each to hold two legs, have riveted to each side a plate with two holes. The c'ips are held to the frame h, Fig. 3, by the latches shown in Fig. 6. In using the apparatus, the frame b is turned into the vertical position indicated by the dotted line through 5', and, after the sheep is secured by the clips, is turned about the pivots h^ until one end rests on the support a^. After one side of the sheep has been shorn, the frame is turned to the position shown by the dotted line through a', and the sheep transferred to the other frame b. To permit the shearer to approach as closely as possible to his work, the frames &, Fig. 3, have recesses in their sides. 2254. Brodribb, W. A. June 19. Stopping and controlling runaioay horses ; bridles ; horse - breaking harness. — The nostrils of a horse, colt, or ox are com- pressed by padded levers operated by curb reins attached to rings A, Figs. 2 and 3. A band a passes round the nose of the animal, and is fitted with levers c on pivots d. The curb rein being pulled, the band a is moved on the studs h on the uprights C, thus causing the connect- ing-pieces _;' to turn on pivots k. The pieces^ are also drawn along the band a by the studs h in the slots I, and are thus caused to move the pins g and the pieces c. When the reins are slackened, the pieces c are lifted by a spring e. The screws n and springs g pass through slots in the pieces ;'. In a modification, the link A is replaced by a side bar D, Fig. 6. The arrangement preferred for driving is shown in Fig. 7. The band a, working on the stud A, and the pieces ; are formed ,7 FIC.2 1B75] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1876 with two slots I, /' wnkiiii; on the studs h k which are screwed into the cheeks E at the bit. The curb rein is attached to the splashboard. The appa- ratus may be applied " to the T-pieces of a military "watering bedouin." Fig. 10 shows an apparatus for controlling oxen. A metal band a is fitted with levers c operated by cords or ropes attached to the rings p. Hooked padded bars q, which are omitted when the apparatus is used for breaking-in young colts, are attached to the levers c so as to move in and pinch the cartilage of the nose. 2388. Day, G-. June 30. {Provisional pro- tection only.'] Controlling restive horses. — The ends of a strap encircling the neck of the horse are passed through an eyelet on the head-piece of the bridle and through rings on the bit, and are provided with rings to be buckled to the spare reins. By this means the strap may be drawn tight round the neck of the horse. The arrangement is also applicable for preventing kicking, by continuing the ends of the strap through the hames, terrets, and a loop on the crupper strap, and buckling it to " the bar." The rising of the horse, in attempt- ting to kick, causes the strap to tighten on the neck. When used as a combined check rein and kicking-strap, the check reins are connected at any convenient part. A spring blade on the lower part of the loop relieves the pressure on the neck when the strap is slack. 2476. Geary, P. July 9. Training animals. — Relates to apparatus for training and testing dogs, and comprises an imita- tion hare or other animal moved by mechanism. Fig. 1 shows the animal figure F fixed to the stud E, which is carried on a block D and projects through a slot in the upper part of a tube A. The tube A is embedded in the ground, and the block D, fitted with antifiiction rollers d, is drawn along it by a cord G, which may be wound upon a winch barrel and hauled in by hand or horse power. In another arrangement, the cord is attached directly to the figure and is guided by a number of clip rings arranged so that, directly the animal reaches them, they are released and carried along by a cross-piece or enlargement on the cord. Or the cord may te carried over elevated pulleys and guided by eccentric discs fixed to the pulley brackets. A tapered swell on the cord, somewhat in advance of the image, throws the cord ofE the pulleys, to enable the image to pass clear underneath them. 2582. Richards, J. July 20. [Provisional protection onhj.] Fastening traces. The trace hooks are placed on adjustable pins in the shafts and are formed with downwardly-projecting arms which are secured to the traces by short bands. When the brake handle is pulled over, the trace hooks are turned into a horizontal position, and the traces, thus freed, act on a cross-bar to apply the brakes and check the horses. 2618. Howard, J., and Cox, W. July 23. [Provisional protection only.] Saddles, girths for. Relites to a saddle girth tightener which prevents the saddb from slipping, and consequently the usual crupper and breast plate and strap may be dispensed with in military accoutrements. A buckle is attached to one end of the girth and one of the " tighteners " and a strap to the other. The " tightener " consists of a small flat or curved metallic box enclosing two, three, or more longitudinal draw-rods encircled hj coiled springs, which have a constant tendency to draw the rods and strap towards the box and thereby tighten the girth. 2640. Adie, P. July 24. TIC. 4. Horse clippers and the Wee.— Relites ^o improve- ments in the apparatus described in Specification No. 2796, A.D. 1866, and consists mainly in means for keeping the rubbing parts of the clipper con- stantly lubricated. Either or both of the plates A, B are formed with a concavity on the inner side 71 1876] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS .^c. [1876 to form an oil reservoir, from which the oil passes to the rubbing parts through cross cuts or grooves b, c in the plates. The plates are held together by three or more screws or studs and nuts D ; each stud may have a separate washer but one con- tinuous washer E is preferably used, which is made concave or with a longitudinal chase and cross-cuts on the underside for lubrication. Oil is supplied through a hole / in the washer. When the handles are separated, the hold faces the middle slot in the upper plate, but when the handles are closed together, the washer serves as a cover to the slot. Grooves are cut in the teeth of the plates and in the flat margin left round the cavity, for the passage of oil. The fixed handle F has an arm h, which is secured to the lower plate by a rivet or screw and by a stud H which forms the fulcrum for the movable handle G. The Provi- sional Specification states that " the teeth travel " over two or more of each other, having a spare " tooth always on the top plate," so that every under space is crossed by a top tooth. 2705, Bray, G. July 30. Fastening pole chains. A crab or pole end for a carriage, wagon, and other vehicle is made so that, when a horse falls, the piece B, Fig. 1, is rotated by the pole chain, which is then slipped ofip from the half-ring b by pulling the pole C forwards, the pole chain of the other animal being retained on the other half-ring b. In a modification, the half- rings b, a are arranged in the same plane, and an incline is made on the part B so as to fit into a recess in the part A and retain the pole in place. When this form is used, both animals are released automatically by the fall of one. In another form, similar to that shown in Fig. 1, a V-shaped double incline or projection on the part B fits into a corresponding recess in the part A so as to force apart the pieces A, B and release the fallen animal. The plate F, Fig. 3, which compresses the spring G, is secured to the cylinder D on the part B by a bolt E. Double chains are dispensed with, and the pole chain is secured to the pole by a link or pro- jection passing into the loop b. An eccentric or projection may be fitted to the parts which secure the animal to the pole head so as to be in its ordinary position below the opening, but, as soon as the animal falis, the eccentric or projection rises and forces the parts A, B asunder. The spring catch in a similar apparatus described in Specifica- tion No. 766, A.D. 1869, is modified so that the spring, preferably a " sear " or blade spring, acts on both the catch and the movable part of the eye so as to allow these parts to move freely, and the mechanism containing them is enclosed in a box or case of metal, leather, or other material, to exclude dirt. 2723. Beck, W. H., [Steinbach <& Co., A.']. Aug. 2. FIG. 3. fIC Faste7img saddle girths, spring attachments for. The ends of the girth are buckled to the straps b 72 ISi^S] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [18^5 of spring frames, Fig. 2, wLiijli are attached to the saddle frame by straps a, and consist of upper and lower plates A, B united by single springs / arranged side by side, or by double springs placei one inside the other. The girth is prevented from slacking by a plate S fixed to the upper plate of each frame and provided with slots to receive a spring catch Z hinged to the lower plate B. The upper edge of the catch is bevelled to allow the plate S to move downwards in guides in the lower plate B, and the catch to enter another slot. The springs are prevented from being extended beyond a certain limit by a stop x on the lower edge of the plate S. The catch also prevents the girth from slacking in case the springs break. In some cases the springs are connected directly to the girth. 2983. Edwards, S., and Edwards, H. Aug. 25. l^Provmonal protection only. 1 Saddles. — The heads of saddle-trees are formed from single pieces of wood by special bending- apparatus. 3083. Pearce, T. tection 07ily.'] Sept. 2. [Provisional pro- Fastening; repairing, — Relates to means for splicing, joining, or uniting traces and other similar leather straps. A blank, consisting of a plate or bar having at each end two parallel arms, is cut from brass &c., and the arms are raised at right-angles to the plate. The ends of the trace or strap are made to abut against each other, the arms are passed through holes pierced near each end of the trace or strap, and the projecting portions of the arms are clinched or doubled down on the leather. Two or more fasteners may be employed ; they may have three or more arms instead of two. 3168. Dale, Specification. T. K. Sept. 9. Drawings to Clothing for animals ; knee-caps. — Leggings, knee- caps, pads, and clothing, for horses and other animals, for veterinary purposes, are made of waterproof sheeting lined with felt. The edges of the articles are bound with leather, and the articles are secured by hooks or eyelets and laces, buttons, straps, or otherwise. A pad of sponge is secured at the knee, to prevent rubbing and allow free movement. The sheeting and lining are sewn together. The object of the covering is to induce perspiration and remove secretions in the skin. The felt may be moistened before applying the leggings or other articles. 3350. Carr, J. Sept. 25. FIG. 3 oxft Collars, neck ; padding. — The pad- ding is formed in sections, Fig. 2, provided with wood or metal backs A, Fig. 3, which are secured to the metal strip B of the wood or metal frame by set-screws a, thus enabling any of the sections to be removed to reduce the pressure on any part of the shoulder or allow a sore place to heal. 3382. I.yoii, W. P. Sept. 28. Currycombs. — Relates to the application of magnetism to curative and other purposes as described in Specification No. 1954, A.D. 1874, [Abridgment Class Medicine &c.]. Currycombs are made with magnetized steel or other teeth, or pieces of steel or short steel bars or rods may be magnetized and placed between the rows of teeth. 3383. Courtois, C. Horse clippers and the Sept. 28. like. — An instrument for clipping or shearing hair from animals consists of a base-plate a, Figs. 1 and 2, carried by a rod b which is inserted in a wooden handle c grooved or slotted to receive a ferrule c', which is thus pre- vented from falling out of place as the wood shrinks ; a comb d is formed with two apertures leceiving studs e riveted to the plate a and engaging corresponding but longer grooves in a second comb /, the movements of the sliding comb being limited by an arm a'. A spring g is placed under each side of the comb /, and the studs e pass through washers h covering the holes in the upper comb, nuts h^ serving to keep the combs together. The washers h may be in the form of springs. The comb/ is reciprocated by means of a pin^^ on a lever _;' pivoted at i, the pin/ engaging a hole in the comb /. In working, the left handle is stationary and the other handle is operated by 73 1875] ABRtDGMteNt CLASS SARNEISS &c. [1876 the right hand. In a moJification shown in Fig. 3, applicable for either left or right hand working, the pin i carries a piece entering in a slot in the comb / and having two projections k^ between which the army is fitted so that it may be turned over as shown in dotted lines. In another modifi- cation, shown in Fig. 5, the combs are arranged so that either or both may be operated. To prevent ^^m ij'~ <^\ .^._ ?^ ' 'c-V ..fB the working parts from becoming loosened, a spring V, Fig. 8, bears on the upper comb/, and a strong washer m provided with a lever nv, Fig. 7, bears on a spring I ; the washer is placed over a pin i, Fig. 8«, having two inclined projections i' under which the washer m slides, the hole in the washer being shaped as a double sector. The combs may be replaced, when worn, by moving the spring lever m^ as shown in dotted lines, thus allowing the parts to be readily removed. The pin i may be formed with a thread, as shown in Fig. 9, and engage a similar thread on the washer m, to which a spring lever may be riveted. 3539. Clark, A. TH., [Eeaser, W. T.]. Oct. 16. Fastening^ buckle attachments and couplings for. The buckles shown in Figs. 10, 11, and 12 are used for connecting three or more strap ends F* together as at the rump connections of harness. In one case, the ends of the straps are laid over studs C^, Fig. 10, on a flat circular plate A^, and are held by a circular plate B^, which is secured in place by a bolt F^ and nut D^. In a modification, buckle tongues C^, Figs. 11 and 12, on a ring (P attached to the plate A- are passed through the ends of the straps. The inner ends of the straps are held down by a nut D^ on the central bolt E^. The connection shown in Figs. 15 and 16 is in- tended for use on tugs and other heavy straps for 74 1875] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1876 splicing two straps together in a straight line. The upper and lower pieces D', C of the connec- tion are flanged and recessed as shown, in order to fit over the straps A', B^ and to fit upon each flC.16. % I other. The central bolt E^ passes through holes in the straps and is secured by a nut F'. When a transverse strap, Fig. 19, is also to be con- nected, a transverse recess is formed to receive it in the lower piece C, and the sides of both the upper and lower pieces are extended at the sides G to form a seat for the transverse strap. ric.i2 3987. Clark, A. BI., [Glover, J. IF.], Nov. 16. Runaway horse.s, releasing. — If the carriage over- turns, a weight attached to the cord D, Fig. 2, is released and the bolts A are drawn towards each other in the Whipple tree B, and the traces are released. The hold-back straps are released by spring clips F, shown in elevation in Fig. 1. . 4206. Iiake, W. R., [Tenac, C. L. van]. Dec. 4. Drawings to Specification. Whips. — A portable electric battery, which can heat a coil of platinum and thus ignite a small lamp or match, is mounted in a whip handle. 4228. Meadows, W. Dec. 7. [Provisional protection only.] Fastening pole chains and traces. A hook is hinged to a shank, and is secured in the closed position by a link, pivoted in the shank and engag- ing a stop or guard on the point of the hook. A spring between the shank and the hook holds the 4382. Martin, A. Dec. 17. Horse clippers and the like. — A clipping or shearing machine for horses &c. consists of a pair of shears actuated by mea,ns of an endless cord and flexible shafting from a hand 75 18^5] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNES3 ^c. tl8*?5 or power driven wheel. Tha flexible shaft is attached to the ead o£ the spindle e, Figs. 4 and 5, ■which, by means of an eccen- ■ - - - - - ^. FICI. trie d, gives motion through the block / to the upper cutter plate of the shears b, this plate being guided by pins fixed to the lower cutter plate a. A handle A' is attached to the lower plate a. The flexible shaft B, Fig. 1, which consists of a spirally - coiled wire, is attached to the hanging spindle C, which is made tubular, so that the flexible shaft may be telescoped into it to adjust the length of the shaft. At the lower end of the spindle C is a clip to fasten the shaft. The spindle C is connected by a universal joint to the spindle D, which is driven by an endless cord from the hand or power driven pulley G fixed to the standard F. The arm E is counterbalanced, and carries two guide-pulleys H, in such positions that the belt connecting the pulleys G and I is equally tight whether the arm E is raised or lowered, or the pin on which the arm turns may carry a two-grooved pulley, driven by one band from the pulley G, and driving, by another belt, the pulley I. If desired, the shears may be con- nected to the spindle C by two pieces of flexible shafting and a short horizontal shaft. FIC.5. Brushing -apparatus for grooming. — The shears described above may be replaced by a rotary brush. The spindle of the brush. Fig. 6, passes through the haudle and is attached to the flexible shafting. A handle is also fixed at the other end of the brush, which may be removed when brushing parts of the horse difficult to get at otherwise. 4416. XiUtwyche, S. G-., {Cogent, L.]. Dec. 21. {Provisional protection only.'] Saddles. — The frame is composed of pieces of malleable sheet iron, vulcanite, or other suitable material riveted or otherwise fastened together. The front flange of the frame is made in two parts, which are united by a bolt or pivot on which the parts work so as to contract or expand accord- ing to the shape of the animal. To the flange is secured a plate hinged on both sides of the saddle a few inches from the centre, and to this plate the remaining parts of the frame are riveted or other- wise fastened. In the middle of the frame are two adjustable pads covered with felt. The saddle seat is formed of the same material as the frame. It is stuffed with felt and then covered with leather, and can be shifted at will, being secured to the frame by laces or other fastening. Springs are introduced between the seat and the tree. The sides of the seat may be peif orated with air holes so that, by the motion of the rider, a kind of bellows action is produced, allowing air to circulate on the back of the animal. The expanding and contracting action above described can be adapted to the wooden or other frames of ordinary saddles. 76 I 1876] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1876 A.D. 1876. 222. Turner, A. W., and Wilson, N. Jan. 20. >, FIC.3. Brushing-apparatus for grooming ; horse clippers and the like. — Relates mainfy to apparatus for hair-dressing and for grooming horses and the like, the arrangement of shafts and universal flexible joints being also applicable for working horse clippers or sheep shearers. Fig. 3 shows a brushing-apparatus consisting of three shafts C, C, C^, connected by universal flexible joints A, A', A* and driven from a shaft B, the shaft C^ carrying the brush F, passing through a handle or holder D secured in position by a screw sleeve b. The universal joints are formed of helical springs ' A, of any suitable shape, secured firmly at each end to the shafts. In the joint shown m Fig. 1, the ends of the spring are threaded internally and externally to screw on an internal rod a and receive externally-threaded sleeves b. The sleeves b pass into sockets in the ends of the shafts to be rotated. The spring A may be made of a single wire, or it may be enclosed within an outer larger spring covered or not with india-rubber. The grooming-brusa F is formed by arranging stiff ba-s or bristles on a stock so as to produce a hemi- spherical end. A drier and polisher is formed by mounting a number of thick felt discs on a central wooden stock, and a wiper is formed by fixing longitudinal strips of inuia-rubber &c. in grooves in a stock. The stocks of the brushes &c. slide on the end of the shaft C and they are secured by a pin on the shaft engaging a recess in the stock, and a pin on a spring lever engaging a notch in the shaft. Fig. 12 shows a rotary hair brush H mounted on a terminal spindle F, which has two handles G, G' and is rotated through shafts connected by universal flexible joints. The brush is fixed to the shaft by a notched collar c engaging a wedge-piece d on the fixed handle G, and a spring lever on the removable handle G^ ; or the arrangement shown in Fig. 13, or other means may be used. The brush is formed by fixing bristles in holes punched in a flat piece of leather g, which is afterwards secured around the wooden stock I by means of screws &c. ; the bristles may thus be readily renewed. The machinery for imparting motion to the shafts of hair-brushing, grooming, &c. apparatus consists of a flywheel mounted on a horizontal stud carried by a vertical standard and rotated by a treadle, which flywheel has a bevelled periphery for imparting motion to a vertical shaft through a bevelled friction pinion. 331. Switzer, T. Jan. 27. ^Provisional protection only.'] Stirrups. — In order to keep the feet warm, the lower part of the stirrnp is formed to receive a sole-plate of non-conducting material, such as hard wood or leather ; in addition, the upper side of the plate is ribbed or uneven to afford a firm hold for the foot. The bottom bar of the stirrup is formed with open work. 77- is-za] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. 788. Gugrgr^nbhiiller, G. P. C. de. Feb. 24. [18?S FIC.4. Runaway horses, releasing ; controlling runaioay horses. — The poles and the pins, hooks, rings, or other devices upon which the ends of the traces are placed are held in pincers or grips opened by the driver. Fig. 4 shows a plan of the central part of the splinter-bar B of a vehicle drawn by two horses, and shows the grips 2, 3 for holding the inside trace of each animal, and the grips 5 for holding the pole, to which one or more leading horses may be attached. A cord or chain a, Fig, 1, operated by the driver, moves the lower arm of the bell crank &, and moves the arm c downwards. The pins d, d\ Figs. 1 and 2, are thus removed from the holes in the sliding plate h and in the arm h- of the pincers 5, which are then opened by the spring k, thus releasing the leaders. The spring Z, Fig. 4, moves the plate h forwards into the po-ition shown by dotted lines, and, by means of pins i, opens all the catches 2, 3, &c, simul- taneously, thus releasing the other horses. When arranging the apparatus in its normal state, the spring n, Fig. 1 , lifts the pins rf, d^ into the holes in the plate h and jaw V. The pins m, upon which the traces are placed, are made with collars m^ and projections n', and are supported by VW\A plates 0. After the horses are disconnected from the vehicle, they are held by the reins, which are secured to a strap attached to the hook p, Fig. 5, fitted with a spring r in a case s. The harness of a horse in a one-horse vehicle is provided with four rings, two of which are placed on the lateral straps or tugs supporting the shafts, and two on the breeching-straps. The rings are held in catches 5, 6, Fig. 7, "which permit the withdrawa of the rings. On two-horse vehicles, two rings 7, 8, Fig, 5, are connected to the fore part of the harness, and are secured by spring catches 27, or are placed on spring hooks similar to the vehicles 27. A 1273. Pye-Smith, A., White, O. W., and Slllot, R. March 24. Draioings tc Specification. Brackets. — Harness brackets are made of wrought iron or malleable cast iron, wholly or partly enamelled or glazed. 1297. Hooker, March 25. Fastening pole chains or straps and traces so that a fallen horse can be releasid quickly. Fig. 1 shows the device as applied to a pole chain. By pulling out the pivoted piece G, by means of the ring M, the chain is released. P., and Wrig-ht, E. 1460. Bentham, H. W. April Horse clippers and the like. — An apparatus for shearing sheep consists of a pair of ordinary spring shears, adapted to be actuated by a flexible belt. A standard B, attached to the limb A, carries a pulley D, pinion D^, and two handles C, C^ On the shaft E' is a cam E^ which transmits motion to the limb A^ by means of a horn F, which is pivoted on the same axis as the pinion D* and bearsj against the edge of the limb A'. The 78 1876] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1876 flexible belt is kept on the pulley D by the guide- rollers d, and is driven by hand, horse, or other power. The shears may be thrown out of action by the lever H, which moves the shaft E' laterally and thus puts the cam E^ out of line with the horn F. The shears may be formed with a series of teeth. 1634. Blngr, Zi. April 19. [Provisioual pro- tect/on not alloioed.] Droppings, devices for catching. — A bag or recep- tacle is attached to the breeching and fitted under- neath the carriage or vehicle. If breeching is not used, the bag is attached to other parts of the harness. \ 1832. Brown, E., and Brown, F. May 1. [^Provisional jn'otectiou only."] Horse breaking and training hajmess ; controlling runaway and restive horses ; breeching. — Comprises apparatus for controlling or regulating the motions of horses, which apparatus is also applicable to the breaking-in of horses. A leather garter is placcsd on each of the hind legs on or above the hocks, and at the back of the legs a strap or chain is con- nected to them, one end to each garter. The crupper, or a suitable arrangement of straps, carries a loop containing a concave roller round which the strap works. A flat broad strap placed upon the hams of the horse is supported at its lower part by a stron? cross strap situated under the horse's tail, and it carries loops on each side through which the garter strap passes. This apparatus does not impede th j horse's motion in walking or trotting, but on any attempt to gallop or to put forward both hind legs at the same time, both ends of the garter strap are simultaneously pulled, the strap itself is tightened, and the attempted motion prevented. The apparatus may be applied to a horse in harness, the loop through which the garter strap passes being under the control of the driver through a rod or other connection. 1871. G-oodrick, J. May 4. Drawings to Specification. Halters. — Web halter heads are woven in a two- shaft loom, instead of by hand, the warp being made of a continuous twine or cord folded or doubled backwards and forwards upon itself the required number of times. The extreme or looped ends of the warp are left unwoven, and they serve to form, in the finished halter head, the eyes through which the rein is drawn. 1925. mabson, J. May 8. [Provisional protection only.'\ Brushing -apparatus for grroomw^.— Relates to portable hand-driven apparatus for operating " horse-grooming " and other machines. A belt passed round the operator's waist carries a plate to which a disc is attached by a swivel joint. To the disc a bracket is secured which supports a stem projecting out from the body. The stem carries a driving-spindle fitted with a handle or handles, and, nt its extreme end, the brush to be rotated, the driving-spindle and brush-spindle being connected by a belt and a pair of pulleys. 1984. Peiroe, W. A. May 11. FIG. 2. ^c' -■p^) '^^'-^^^jiC^h Fastening tvAces, sba.t tags, head gear, stirrup leathers, and other parts of harness, in which it is required to connect two straps or two parts of the same strap. The fastening consists of a metal plate c^, Figs. 3 and 4, of the same width as the strap to which it is applied, and having fixed to it at each end an eye or loop c* and in the middle a short pin or stud c*. One of the loops may be movable so as to slide along the plate or strap, and a short pin may be fixed inside tt.e movable loop for fixing it in any position. The ends of the straps are per- forated with several holes and they lie one over the other upon the plate, the pin passing through the required holes and preventing the straps from sliding through the loops. Figs. 3 and 4 show a side and back view of the fastening, and Fig. 2 shows it employed in connection with the shaft tug of a single harness. The fastening is applied to the strap a, which passes over the saddle, to form the loop or tug through which the shaft passes. The girth strap b is fixed to a loop or runner on the strap a. The application of the fastening to a crupper strap and to a rosette forming part of the head gear of a cart harness is also shown. Fig. 8 shows a harness rosette for connectingtwo straps crossing at right-angles ; it has two pairs of loops c* and a central pin c^ Fig. 10 shows a trace end having a fastening with one loop/' fixed to the plate / and a sliding loop or runner g which holds the end of the strap on the pin/^ When special flexibility is required, the loops may be hinged to the plates, and for very strong work a plate may be placed on both sides of the strap. Fig. 16 shows a fastening applied for connecting a trace h with the clip which attaches it to the hames of the collar ; the clip g has a phte g^ provided with a loop 5'* and pin g^ for fastening the trace h, a leather runner i and movable ring d holding the end. A fastening separate from the clip may be used. 7? 1876] ATIRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1876 E. G., [Sehatd, I. D,]. 2175. Brewer, May 23. Scrapers, horse and like. — Relates to gloves or appliances for use, in place of curry- combs, for dressing, cleaning, or smoothing the coats of horses, cattle, &c. The gloves are made with a smooth part b of skin or fabric and rough parts a consisting of metal links or of woven, knitted, or lace fabric of gut, hemp, flax, &c. The parts a may sometimes be made as a partial covering to the part b, the smooth and rough parts being used at once or separately. The links may be soldered at parts, to give greater solidity. 2332. Bate, K. June 2. Horse clippers and the like. — In a machine for clipping horses and otber animals, the cutter d, Fig. 9, which is of the lawn-mower type, is driven from the roller a by the gearing shown, by a going spring, or by means of a crank handle. The knife s is fixed to the comb plate at the root of the teeth c. A clipper with a horizontal cutter is shown in Fig, 7, the cutter / being rotated by the crank handle h, or by means of a handle which is moved towards and away from the handle b. A circular knife of razor sharpness may be used instead of the cutter /. 2341. Brlnsmead, K. June Rein - holders. — The reins are held between the coils of a spring x compressed between sockets y clipped to the dash-leather of a dogcart or other vehicle. 2464. Olver, W. H. June 14. Fastening harness straps &c. A fastening for harness, horse gear, straps, and belts consists of a hook A, Fig. 1, to which a piece C is hinged so that it may be turned down flat on the shank of the hook while being passed through an eye, and then turned up again. In a modification shown in Fig. 5, a pivoted piece C^ is applied to both ends of a staple J. FIC.I F1C.5. 2557. Briscoe, B. INC., and Ormond, A. June 20. [Provisional protection only.'] Saddles. — Relates to military saddles. The front fork or arch of the saddle-tree is made of one piece of oak cut from the natural bend or from the root of the oak so that the direction of the fibre shall coincide with the curvature of the fork. The fork is soaked for about 48 hours in horse's prine to toughen the wood and destroy worms. The side boards are made by preference of beech, and the rear ends are turned up or slightly curved. The panels of the tree are lined with felt, thereby dispensing with the ordinary numnah. The saddle is fastened to the horse by two girths which cross one another under the belly, thus dis- pensing with the breastplate and crupper. In the I ear ends of the side boards are slots through which " the straps of the shoe cases " are passed. 80 1876] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1876 2743. Turquand, W. M. G. July 4. Horse clippers and the like. — In a machine, for shearing or clip- ping sheep and other animals, driven by means of an endless band of vulcanized india-rubber, r cutter e is moved to and fro across a series of cutters in the form of a comb d. The comb d is attached to the bent plate frame e, which carries the handle bK The cutter e is hinged to the frame at e' and is vibrated by means of the lever /, the slotted ends of which engage with the end of the cutter e and with an eccentric pin on the driving - pinion. The pulley a, which is loose on the axis of the handle, is of such a weight as to keep the driving-band distended. The band is kept within the space enclosed by the two sets of rollers P, m-, Jc, the rollers P, m^ being divided into two or more parts which revolve independently and in opposite directions when the band comes in contact with them, the working parts, are provided. Shields o, n, for preventing the fleece from getting entangled with July 6. \_Provisional 2750. Faucher, F. protection onhj.J Electric harness; stopping and controlling run- avxiy and restive horses. — An electric apparatus or "brake" for subduing and arresting vicious or run- away horses consists of a magneto-electric machine, preferably Clarke's, placed beneath the coach box and connected by conducting-wires to the bit and to the crupper. The axle of the magneto is pro- longed under the driver's seat and into the carriage ; it is fitted at each end with a handle and is rotated by the driver or by the occupant of the carriage so as to stop or throw down the horse. The conducting-wires pass under the coach box and outside the splashboard, where they pass through the eyes of two needles in staples on the front of the splashboard. The wire attached to the crupper is fixed under the horse's tail to a ring of copper enclosing the centre of the crupper dock. The invention may be applied to a pair or more of horses, or to saddle horses. Clark, A. DI., [Eobinson, W.]. 2 847. July 12. Collars, nech ; fastening. — In an adjustable com- bined hames and horse collar a padded collar B closing at the breast part C is fixed to the hames A. The collar is adjusted to the neck of the animal by a bow-shaped yoke M, provided with a flexible pad P and with holes N to register with holes 0 in the hames and receive securing pins and spring keys, the hames swinging on the pins in 18062 81 opening or closing the collar. A metallic strap E runs round the outer edge of each hame, being bent upwards round the lower ends, as shown by dotted lines. A fastening-strap H, provided with 1876] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1876 holes, is attached to a ring G at the lower part of one hame. A spring strap K, attached to and guided on the other hame, has a pin J which enters the holes in the fastening-strap. By releasing the spring strap, the collar may be opened for removal. Draught loops Q, on the sides of the hames for the tugs or traces, are strengthened by stay-pins Q^ which bear on their outer sides. Harness rings R are fitted at the upper part of the hames. 3120. G-reen, G-. Aug. 5. [Provisional pro- tection only.'] Bridles. — A bit or gag carries at each end a swivelling bar, provided with three rings, two of which are fixed to the ends of the bar, and the third " opposite to and nearly on the same level " with the top ring on the same bar." A strap, after passing through the two end rings on the left-hand side of the gag, passes " through a metallic " loop secured to the horse's head, descends on the " right-hand side of the horse's head, passes under " his throat, ascends on the left-hand side, crosses *' his head, passing through a second loop, and " descending on the right-hand side of his head, " passes through the rings on the right-hand side " of the gag, and is connected to the reins." The metallic loops are fixed on a metal plate and pro- vided with rollers, the metal plate being carried by a strap secured to the horse's head. The sides of this strap are connected with short chains termina- ting in T or cross pieces, which are passed through the third back rings on the swivelling bars of the gag, and thus serve to connect the bridle to the gag. When the rider or driver pulls the reins con- nected with the gag, the gag is caused to press the horse's mouth, and the loop which passes under the throat is tightened, thus producing pressure on the throat and effectually restraining the animal. 3330. Wliitcombe, A. Aug. 24. [Letters Patent void for want of Final Specification.'] Fastening traces, shaft tugs, &c. Relates princi- pally to apparatus for attaching the horses to carriages. Two iron rods are passed through the splinter-bar, one from each end, so as to meet at the middle through holes in the pole. The traces, provided with eyelet holes, are passed through apertures in the splinter-bar and are secured by the rods. Rings on the draught chains are passed over vertical pins on horizontal pivots. The upper ends of the pins are rounded and are held by caps or levers on a rod extending along the splinter-bar. In each end of the rod is a lever, the lower arm of which secures the cap to the vertical pin and thus holds the pin in an upright position, while the upper and longer arm is connected by a line and pulley to a point near the driver's seat. By opera- ting the levers, the caps are lifted and the vertical pins are drawn into a horizontal position, thus releasing the horse or horses. The collar chains are attached to flat rings, which are secured to the pole by a screw. By withdrawing the screw, the collar chains are released. On four - horsed carriages, the draw-hook is hinged near its point of attachment, and is fitted with a spring. A sliding clip is passed over the point of the hook and is connected by a line to a point near the driver's seat. On pulling the line, the hook opens and the draw-bars of the leaders are freed. The bars may be also freed by similar hooks and clips attached to the traces of the horses. The pole hook is released by " a spring trigger, worked also " by line and pulley." 3434. SLeey, W. H. Aug. 31. Fastening. — A detachable button or other fasten- ing for harness is formed with a shank to pass over a loop on a concave, circulir, or other metal disc, which is slotted at the csntre, the piece of metal being cot away only at one end, then bent to form a loop, passed through the shank, and again soldered to the disc. The disc is passed through slits formed in the article to be fastened. 3592. Clark, W. Sept. 13. FIG. 6. FIG. 7; A, \ Horse clippers and the like. — The appa- ratus for shearing- sheep &c. described in Specification No. 1645, A.D. 1866, is improved by making the cutting-edges of the teeth of the upper cutter plate curved, as shown in Fig. 2, by dispensing with the gearing for actuating the upper plate, and by using a coiled or spiral spring s. Fig. 2, to open the handles and thus give a return or back cut, but other springs may be employed, 82 1876] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1876 such as those described in Specification No. 2373, A.D. 187i. The pressure on, and the movement of, the upper cutter phite is reguhxted and governed by the spring fingers «, Fig. 6. which are described in Specification No. 1228, A.D. 1873. The appa- ratus may be arranged to be driven by power. Studs c attached to the fingers a project through the washers b and enter the slots in the upper cutter plate A. One modification of the fingers is shown in Fig. 7. The fingers a^ are fitted with set-screws which enter recesses in the washers, the washers being formed with studs c which take into slots in the plate A. A second modification is shown in Fig. 2, the spring plate a^ being arranged to exert pressure only on the roots of the teeth. The spring s is applied to the fulcrum stud v and presses upon the throw pin or on a pin w fixed in the working handle. "When springs such as those described in Specification No. 2373, A.D. 1874, are used, the spring blades may be connected as shown in Fig. 14. When the upper cutter has an oscillatory motion, the pressure fingers are replaced by a fan- shaped plate which forms a prolongation of the working handle. This plate bears uniformly on the cutter plate near the roots of the teeth, and the pressure is adjusted by means of a spring washer or a spiral spring, and a nut on the fulcrum pin. The clipper shown in Fig. 16 is driven by an elastic cord which passes over the grooved pulley h. Motion is transmitted to the upper cutter by means of the lever k and cam i. The pulley h may be removed and a flexible shaft attached to the cam shaft, or the flexible shaft may be attached to a spindle passing through the handle r, a crank- pin on the end of the spindle working the lever k. A handle q is provided, which, in conjunction with the handle ?-, enables the operator to regulate the pressure o£ the lower plate upon the animal, and to guide the apparatus with ease. 4120. Ware, A. S. Oct. 24. [Provisional proteciion only.'\ Rein-holders. — A rein - holder for a carriage or other road vehicle consists of a thin metal plate fixed to the dashboard &c. and provided with a spring, between which and the plate the reins are passed and held. The plate may be perforated round the edge and sewn to the dashboard &c., or fastened by hooks upon it and straps passed through holes in it. 4153. Cole, J. Oct. 26. Whips • saddles ; stirrups. — For curative pur- poses, strips of magnetized steel are placed in parallel rows or otherwise between two thin sheets of cork which have been soaked in Stock- holm tar thinned down with benzoline, and the covered magnets are laid between cloth, flannel, or other suitable material, the edges of the sheets being previously cemented together. The com- bination is made into saddles, whip handles, stirrups, and other articles. The cork covering may be omitted with leather-covered articles, and any other magnetizable metal may be used instead of steel. 4543. Oldfield, J. Nov. 23. Straps and hands ; traces; saddles. — ,iS /'^ *' /^\ ^i Belts, bands, or ((fe) ^ (o) Y® ^ (^Y^ ' (j straps for harness, ^- -^-^ '^ ■ especially traces and shaft loops, are made of leather, gutta-percha, millboard, or other links A, Fig. 1, having semicircular or slightly-curved ends and connected by rivets, pins, or laces B passing through holes in the ends of each. 4811. Jefferys, J. C. W. Dec. 13. PIC.I. nc.2 ^^M' riC.8. FIG. 16. Fastening^ studs for. Relates to fastenings for harness and other articles, descriVjed as applied to a solitaire. To the top E, Figs. 1 and 2, is attached a flat pillar C provided with a plate B, which has a ball or flat bead A soldered to it, the parts B and A being passed through the holes in the parts to be connected. The ball may be replaced by a half- ring, and the plate B may be almost circular or curved as shown in Fig. 7, or consists of round pillars arranged as shown in Fig. 8. The bead M may be acted upon by a spring, as shown in Fig. 16, or the plate may be arranged to rotate about the pillar, or the projecting bead may be hinged to the pillar. The pillars R, Fig. 14, are arranged to allow the stud to turn round to suit holes placed in opposite directions. The stud may have two back- plates as shown in Fig. 12, or the back-plate may have an opening, as shown in Fig. 10, to receive other articles. 4863. Bel Rieg-o, F. Dec. 15. Stir7'ups, safety. Various arrangements are de- scribed for automatically releasing the foot when a fall occurs. In one arrangement, Figs. 1 and 2, the tread c is slotted at each end on opposite sides, and is sprung into place between the necks e on the ends of the legs a ; or the slots may be formed on the same side. To increase the leverage of the foot when a fall occurs, an additional bow / is placed between the legs a, or a rod or bar ff, Fig. 8, may extend upwards between the stirrup straps, and thus prevent the stirrup from canting. A short chain or other connection prevents the tread from being lost. Instead of reducing the ends of the legs a to form the necks e, collars or shoulders may be secured to them for the same purpose, or eyes may be fitted to receive the hooks formed by the slots. 83 1876J ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1876 In Fig. 5, the tread is shown slotted at one end only, and is pivoted at the opposite end to swiog hori- zontally. A hinge is formed at the pivoted end to allow the tread to hang vertically when detached. Fig. 7 shows the tread formed in two halves, pivoted to the legs and interlocking with each other ; a pin in one part springs into a slot in the other in the closed position. In Fig. 8, one of the legs is provided with a rule joint I so as to open to- wards the side at which the foot is placed in the stirrup and to facilitate detachment of the tread c. Fig. 10 shows the tread pivoted at one end and sprung into place, with a recess d on the opposite end engaging the leg a ; or the free end may be re- cessed on the underside to spring over a hook on the leg. In a modification, both ends of the tread are sprung into place in the same manner as that shown for the free end in Fig. 10. 4985. Crowley, J. S. Dec. 23. FIG.22. f^ H -h Fastening traces. The clip shown in Fig. 22 is connected to the end of a trace by pins which pro- ject from one plate / and pass through the trace and are riveted to the other plate. Dec. 23. {^Provisional protec- 4989. liee, C. tion only.'] Horse-hoots. — India-rubber overshoes, worn over the ordinary shoes, to prevent horses from slipping are used also for sick horses to keep the feet warm and dry, being specially useful when horses are turned out to grass. The overshoe is made of vulcanized or other india-rabber in a mould, and consists of a band of the shape and area of the metal shoe, having a raised edge for attachment to the foot by passing round the sides of the hoof. When the upper shoes have projecting pieces, the overshoes have openings through which the projections pass. APPENDIX. A.D. 1869. 201. Cunning-haxn, A. B. visional protection only.] Jan. 22. [Pro- Animals, appliances for holding. — Relates to ap- paratus for throwing horses and the like. A flap to which the animal can be secured by blocks and tackle, while standing, is hinged to the floor, so that it can be brought down to the floor level. It can be used as an operating-table, legs, trestles, or other supports being fitted to it. LONDON: PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, By darling & SON, Ltd., 34-40, Bacon Street, E. Published at the PATENT OFFICE, 25, Southampton Buildings, Chanceet Lane, London, W.C. 1904. PATENTS FOE HVENTIONS. ABBIDGMENTS OF SPECIFICATIONS. I CLASS 62, HARNESS AND SADDLERY. Period— A.D. 1877-83. LONDON: PtTBLISHED AND SOLD AT THE PATENT OFFICE SALE BRANCH, 38, CuEsiTOB Street, Chakceey Lane, E.G. 1X93. I 1877] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1883 EXPLANATORY NOTE. The contents of this Abridgment Class may be seen from its Subject-matter Index. For further information as to the classification of the subiect-matter of inventions, and for a list (with prices) of the Abridgment Classes for the period 1877-83, reference should be made to the Abrklgment-Class and Index Keij, published at the Patent Office Sale Branch, 38, Cursitor Street, Chancery Lane, E.C., price One Shilling, postage (parcel post) Sixpence. It should be borne in mind that the abridgments are merely intended to serve a^ guides to the Specifications, which must themselves be consulted for the details of any particular invention. Printed Specifications, price Eightpence, may be purchased at the Patent Office Sale Branch, or ordered by post on the Patents Form C (to be obtained from any Post Office), no additional charge being made for postage. SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. Abridgments are printed in the chronological order of the Specifications to which they refer, and this index quotes only the year and number of each Specification. Animals, Stocks and like appliances for holding-. '81. 3971. [Bits for animals. See Harness &g. telacldng and polishing harness. See Harness &c. [Blinkers and blindfolding appliances. See Har- ness &c. 1 Boots, Horse. See Harness &c. [ Bridles. See Harness &c. Brushes. See Abridgment Class Brushing &c. Chains for harness. See Harness &c. Cleaning and polishing harness. See Harness e^c. I Clippers, Horse and like. See Horse clippers &c. fClothing for animals. See Harness &c. ' Collars, Dog and like. See Dog collars &c. CoUars, Horse. See Harness &c. Currycombs. See Harness &c. Dog chains. See Dog collars &c. Dogr collars, couples, leashes, leaders, and the like. '77. 1311. '78. 1999. '81. 5607. '82. 5389. '83. 1039. hooks for dog leaders &c. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. name plates or labels for. See A bridgment Class Labels &c. Dog clippers. See Horse clippers &c. Fallen horses, Releasing. See Harness &c. Floating-appliances for horses. See Harness &c. Girths, Saddle. See Harness &c. Halters for animals. See Harness &c. Hames and hame tugs. See Harness &c. Harness and saddlery, [inchiding Clothing for animals] : back and belly bands. '82. 2988. '83. 185. 2257. fastening. See fastening heloic. belly bands. See back and bellv bands ahove. bits. '77. 2264. 3168. '78. 610. 3345. '79. 1.543. 2470. 2924. '81. 683. 1145. '82. 1521. 2043. 4872. '83. 2257. 4840. 0 2 IS?"?] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1883 Harness and saddlery — cont. bits for administering medicines. See Abridr/- ment Clasn Medicine &c. blinlsers and the like. See bridles &c. belotv. boots. See horse -boots heloio. breeching. 'SI. 4834. '83. 2257. bridles and halters. '77. 1561. 3168. '78. 604. 610. 1250. 1543. 1773. 2383. 2431. '79. 1303. 1543. 3572. 4213. '80. 1327. 11)06. 3253. '81. 1797. '82. 390. 1521. 1961. 2043. 2988. 3277. 3922. 4872. 5033. '83. 2207. 2257. 4840. fastening. See fastening heloio. brushes. See Ahr/dr/nient Class Brushing &c. brushing-apparatus for grooming. '82. 4728. buckles. See Abridgment Class Wearing-apparel, Div. IV. . chains for. See materials &c. below. choking-apparatus for checking horses. See bridles &c. above. cleaning and polishing, apparatus for. '78. 3424. '79. 2924. '50. 3395. '83. 2054. clippers. See Horse clippers &c. clothing for animals. '77. 2267. 4498. '78. 2006. '79. 5001. '80. 1679. '83. 3318. 5111. 5576. fabrics for. See Abridgment Classes Lace- making &c. ; Waterproof &c. fabrics ; Weaving &c. collars, breast. '80. 405. collars, head. See bridles ikh-chen,BaronE.'77. 970 Warren, E. K. 'S3. 4911 Watson, R '79. 1303 Weissgerber, F 'S3. 2610 Wendes & Co '79. 6 Weston, B. S '81. 1117 Wheaton, F '82. 1107 Whitaker, R '79. 4543 WiUe, G '83. 2207 Wilson, J. G '79. 6 Wilson, W. C. '83. 2065 Wilton, H. S '79.- 5079 '81. 1117 Wmdus, W '83. 453 Winn, W. E '77. 2264 Wirth, F....'7S. 3183. 'S5. 1078 Witoicshj, A. de '79. 2470 WoiKh, E. P '78. 3345 Woolley, W '77. 393 Woolnough, C '80. 1021 Wright, E '82. 2173 „ R. P '79. 5181 Zender, C 'Si. 5607 Ziiborifs, F. de '77. 1018 I HARNESS AND SADDLERY. Patents have been granted, in all cases, unless otherwise stated. Drawings accompany the Specification where the abridgment is illnstrated and also where the words Drawings to Specification follow the date. A.D. 1877. 14. ZMCartin, A. Jan. 1 Horse, sheep, &c. clippers. — Relates to improvements on the invention described in Specification No. 4382, A.D. 1875. The upper cutter plate 7' is formed with teeth, coarser than and twice the 'listance apart of those on the lower cutter plate a, and it is operated by means of a crank, cam, or eccentric. The ap- paratus may be worked by manual or steam power, and the coil of wire or flexible shaft described in Specification No. 4382, A.D. 1875, is allowed to revolve in a casing at the lower end, and is provided at each side with a link joint. Fig. 1 shows a clipper for sheep shear- ing, wherein the upper cutter plate is worked by a crank h on the shaft i by means of a lever e, but arrangements for operating the lever by a cam or by an eccentric are also described and illustrated in the Specification. For horse clipping, the teeth of the lower plate are made as fine as possible. Abridged also in Class Toilet dr. FIC,(, 248. Davis, W. Whip - sockets. Jan. 19. An open frame shown in the side view. Fig. 1, holds the whip A by the curved recesses behind at the top and bottom and by the cross belt in front which give the three main points of contact D. D, D. The socket is attached to the vehicle by straps through the loops B, B' or by screws. A modification shown in the side view, Fig. 4, and plan. Fig. 7, consists of two curved plates opening oat at the top and contracted horizontally at the bottom, which are united at Gr, Gr by rivets, and play on these so that the whip in opening the lower part is gripped by the closing of the upper part at E. Projections F, F at the back secure the part H by which the socket is attached to the vehicle. The metal parts may be electroplated, covered with leather, or otherwise finished. 393. Woolley, W. Jan. 30. P 7807— 100c— :/92 Wt 1 iD&S. Saddles. — To form an elastic seat a foundation plate b, Fig. 3, preferably of sheet-iron, is fixed to the saddle-tree c at h'^, bearing at its sides on two springs e, e, while the hinder edge is free, but, when pressed down, rides on the back part of the saddle-tree. Outline or belly-pieces /, / overlap and are fixed to the foundation plate b to form the outline of the seat. The outline pieces are also combined with webs to form non-elastic seats of saddles. The front (convex-side) of the crutch is formed from a piece of stout leather by stamping so that the edges ¥, Fig. 10, are ribbed and a trough b runs along the middle. In this trough is laid, outside the leather b, ¥, a metal plate c curved lengthwise to the shape of the crutch and having at its end a screw which fixes the crutch to the saddle, the plate carrying the screw being thus situated outside the head. Behind the leather b, ¥ is placed another metal plate d, curved like the plate c, and trough-shaped in section and bearing near its ends screw sockets e which project into holes in the plate c, so that ornamental or other screws / passed A 1877] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &o [1877 into them bind the leather front b, V firmly between the metal plates c, d. The back of the crutch is made by two or more layers of serge or soft material g which are fixed to the edges of the rolls h-, and the space between this back and the leather front is stuffed with flock h. A leather covering is placed over the back. The plate c may be covered with leather or left exposed and ornamented in any way. A light metal frame h may be laid just within the plate c and its edges may form an orna- mental beading. Instead of the trough-shaped plate d a wooden block may receive wood-screws corresponding with the screws/. In another modi- fication, an external plate to, Fig. 16, may form the the whole front of the crutch, being united to a wooden block n by screws ^j. The felt or other covering at q may be fastened to the block n, or to a layer of leather placed between the plate m and the block n. Leaping-heads of ladies' saddles are made as above, except that they are permanently fixed to the head of the saddle instead of with a screw. In fastening the surcingles of ladies' saddles, a metal plate, which maybe ornamented, is fastened outside the saddle-skirt, and another metal plate is fixed inside the surcingle. Both plates have screw holes and screws are passed through the front plate, skirt, and surcingle, into the inside plate. 459. Clark, W. Horse Sc. cl'q^pers. — The apparatus is adapted to be held in''the hand by the handle /, and is driven by power through a flexible driv- ing-shaft. In Figs. 6 and 7 the driving-shaft is connected at o. Abridged also in Classes Agricultural appliances for the treatment of land <&c. ; Mechanisin &c. ; Toilet &c. 881. Bearman, A. A. March 5. \_Provisional jjrotection only."] Horse and like clippers, driving. — Spur or other gearing is mounted upon a fi:xed framing to enable it to be worked by steam, horse, or manual power. The free end of the axle of one of the wheels carries a coiled spring or wire enclosed in another, also of coiled form, and serves to communicate motion to a clipper fitted to a holder, which a man can hold in his hand. The clipper end of the inner wire is attached to a stem, from which motion is communicated by bevel-wheels to a transverse shaft carrying a grooved cam-wheel. Within the groove of the cam-wheel, the end or handle of the movable blade vibrates, causing its teeth to move over the face or teeth of the fixed handle. Abridged also in Class Toilet &c. 937. Atwood, Xi. !■., [Payne, E.]. March 8. Horse &c. collars. — The side pads A, A, Fig. 1, which are at- tached to a tubular flexible rim B, are not continuous, but united below by the band C attached to the rim B, and above by a strap and buckle or otherwise. In the rim B, preferably extending all round, is a tube or solid piece of india-rubber, a piece of rope or twisted leather, or flexible ma- terial enclosed by leather. 970. Iiake, W. R., \_Walterskirclien, Baron R:\ March 10. Harness, fastening. — In the buckles and buckle attachment shown in Fig 1, the rods h are connected with a plate bearing against the volute springs a, so that connections made will be elastic. In a modification of the above, volute springs are placed around the said rods h. In the further modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the spring is contained in a tubular case ; in the latter arrangement the tubular case forms part of the strap. To form a spring attachment for girths, the casing c. Fig. 1, contain- ing the spring buckle attachment, is provided with nooks e which engage with the cross-bar/ secured to the saddle. The eccentric-headed studs c^ are sc rranged that on turning them the casing c is released and the buckle can then be unhooked and removed. Saddle. — The saddle bar Ic, Fig. 8, slides in a segmental groove I and is provided with a hook h resting on the crescent-shaped piece m, so pivoted that when the stirrup bar h is pulled vertically downward, the front end ni^ will rest on a stop n, but when the bar is pulled backwards beyond an angle of about forty degrees it will press against the other end m^, which, not being supported, will give way and release the stirrup bar. The Provisional Specification describes also a modification, in which the stirrup bar is movable in two short segmental guides, the front guide having a stop at the top and the rear guide having a stop at the bottom. While pulled vertically downwards, each end of the bar will rest against one of the stops, but when pulled backwards so as to be at an angle exceeding the length of the guides it will be released there- from. 1877] ABRIDGMENT CliASS HARNESS &c. [1877 Stirrupa. — The footplate _/, Fig. 7, resting upon tlie volute or spii-al springs «, is capable of vertical movement along guides. The eye for the stirrup strap is connected by a «'wivel to the stirrup. Abridged also in Class Wearhig-apparel, Die. IV. 981. Holder, V. E. March 12. [ ProrisioiKiI pi-otection only.'] Harness. fitxtP)itng. — Relates to an apparatus for disconnecting the chains or sti'aps Avhich unite the pole cap of a vehicle to the horse collars, especially in the case of the horses falling. The rings on each side of the pole cap are formed with a hinge, the ends being shaped as tenons entering two mortices cut out of the pole cap. The latter is made hollow, so that a piston furnished with two pins may work freely therein, the object of the pins being to secure the movable parts of the rings by passing through holes in the tenons. By pressing on the piston, which is provided with a spring, the pins are released, and the chains disconnected ; and by replacing the tenons and pressing on the piston, the action of the spring will cause the pins to secure them and re- form the rings As a modification, the piston may be formed in two parts, in order that one of the rings only may be opened at a time. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 1018. Xiake, March 14. ■W. R., {Zuhovits, F. de.']. \_Provisional protection only.] Sicimming appliances for horses^ specially applic- able for fully-equipped cavalry horses &c. Two airtight bags are attached by straps at top and bottom, and may be inflated when required. A non-inflatable space, dividing each bag into two parts may be provided for the reception of the thighs of the rider. Abridged also in Class Life-saving &c. 1012. Fauconnet, E. de. March 15. {Provisional protiction only.] Stopping rnnaicay horses d-c. — The telescopic, jointed, blunt hook shown in Fig. 1 extends to its full length on being rapidly jerked forward, and may then be employed by the coachman to hinder the movements of, or to secure or control the horse. The apparatus is kept in a sheath secured to the vehicle. By partially revolv- mg the joints, the pins B enter the notches A and prevent the collapse of the apparatus. 1310. DIarley, P. April 4. [Provisional pjrotection only.] Currycombs.— The revolving brush described in bpecification No. 4158, A.D. 1874, is modified by P 7807. the addition of a currycomb formed of plates with toothed edges, preferably in opposite pairs, moving in and out in slots in the brush-stock to work near the surface of the brush. The blades are mounted by slots on pins on the ends of two arms which swivel on central studs near the ends of the blades, the pins being connected by bars so as to give parallel motion to the blade. The swivel arms are turned, directly or through teeth and rackwork, by a reciprocating bar, the other part of which projects from the revolving head and ends in a kneed piece falling into an annular groove in a hand-shifting sleeve on the fixed frame which surrounds the revolving spindle. Longitudinal movement of the sleeve sets the combs in any position, where they can be fixed by a pin in the frame locking into a notched slot on the sleeve. The combs may also be moved in and out by duplex, inclined, or conical vanes with slots, at the ends of a central spindle, which when shifted by the sleeve move the pins in the slots ; or the central spindle might actuate toggle links attached to ends and inner edges of the blades. The driving-spindle is keyed to the brush- stock, or secured by having a deep socket into which the lower end of the stock is inserted and fixed by screws or otherwise. Abridged also in Class Brushing cOc. April 4. Fl C.3 Fl^.7. 1311. Speechly, S. Fastenings for dog- collars and the like. — One end of the strap is per- manently fixed in the hole e in the lower part of a pin or bolt a. The free end is then passed through a hole b in the narrow screwed end of the bolt and secured by a tapped nut d. This nut is secured by a screw-cap /, Fig, 3, or by a rivet. Another arrangement is to make the screw-spindle and cap in one piece, which can be screwed to the lower and larger part. Abridged also in Classes Fastenings, Lock c&c. ; Trunks &c. April 14. 1467. G-ambling-, C3-. Horse collars &c. — The iron frame A, Fig. 2, bears project- ing draught arms E, E placed higher than usual, which secure the trace in the slot e. Figs. 2 and 6, by the spring bolt F passing through a hole in the trace. To the inner side of the frame is fixed a strip of leather G-, Fig. .3, on which pads H are attached, and the whole is covered with leather. The collar is hinged at B and united below by a steel bow C, secured by a spring bolt D as in the trace- attachment, and curved so as to avoid com- pressing the horse's ne:;k. In double harness, the pole chains or straps are attached to the bow C. X 2 1877] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1877 For cart horses, the frame is made of wood bound "with iron on the above pattern but with ordinary trace attachments. 1661. Z.ebeau, T. ». AprU 21. [Provisional protection only.'\ Stoj)ping runaway horses &c. — A cord or strap passes under the horse's neck just behind the head and through rings on the head-harness to a cord or strap running along the horse's back to the carriage. There it is attached to a hand-lever or a drum turned by a handle, the rotation of which exerts pressure on the horse's windpipe. 0. 1631. Appleyard, J. April 26. Machinery for rivetingharness. F 1 0,4. FI C.5 — lu the cutters A, B, for _ . severing the wire to form rivets, ' ^ the wire C passes down the groove D and is cut against the edge E of the cutter B, being pressed against it by the part F of the cutter A. The upper part of the wire is carried back to the first position by the part H of the cutter A. To prevent the rivet being withdrawn from the leather in the upward movement of the cutters, a groove is formed in the underside of the cutter B. An im- proved operating-mechanism for the feed apparatus consists of a disc milled on the periphery and operated on and held by small friction rollers placed in tapered grooves. Abridged also in Classes Jfechanism (l:c. ; Nails (&c. ; Wearing-apparel^ Div. III. 1792. G-arthwaite, T. May 8. \_Provisional protection only.'] Horse^ sheep., &c. clippers. — Relates to apparatus in which a circular toothed cutter is caused to revolve over a similar fixed cutter, by the action of a reciprocating jointed handle. The invention is described as applied to a horse clipper. The right-hand handle is jointed, the lower part carry- ing a pin and roller, working in a slot in the upper part. A straight flat spring connects a pin on the top part of the right-hand handle with a pin on the upper cutter, in such a way that the opening and closing of the handle causes the cutter to make a complete revolution. Abridged also in Classes Agricultural appliances for the treatment of land d-c. ; Toilet d;c. ^''"'11 2167. mewburn, J. C, [Lengelee, A.]. June 4. Horse, sheejy, cdc cUpinrs. — To the fixed cutter a is screwed a T- shaped piece h, the vertical limb of which forms the shank c of the fixed handle. A circular open- i ng on the under side of the piece h roceives the disc d on the shank c ' ric.i of the movable handle. The rounded end/ of the movable handle actuates the movable cutter, by making it slide between the fixed cutter a and the plate g. This plate g serv^ to tighten the cutters by ndeans of the screws v and nuts A, and the screws guide the movable cutter upon the fixed cutter a, the holes through which the screws pass being elongated for the purpose. The clipper thus works without pin, screw, or stud. A modification for trimming is described, in which the handles are kept apart by a spring, screwed to the movable handle and bearing against a projecting piece, which is free to turn on the fixed handle. In a sheep shearing clipper, the teeth are longer and wider than in other clippers. Abridged also in Class 1 oilet &c. 2244. Ayckbourn, F. June 9. Nosebags. — Fig. 1 shows in section two side bags c attached to a central feeding-vessel a, and communicating with it by open- ings h through which the pro- vender descends into the vessel a till these openings are closed. The vessel a may be of perfo- rated material, and may have a flexible ring carried round the inner side of its upper edge to prevent food being thrown out. The bags c may be attached to the inner side of the vessel «,, and their lower apertures may be kept open by a frame or wire, while the upper ends, which are attached to the head-strap cZ, may be closed by the 2264. 'Winn, W. E. June 11. Bits. — The invention is applicable to the "Liverpool," "Willson," "Buxton," and other forms of bits. The mouthpiece 1, which may be straight or curved either upwards as in Fig. 1 or downwards, is hinged at its ends 2 to the bell- crank shaped chin arms 3. The latter have each two branches — (1), the short forward branch 4 carrying the rein- ring 5, or carrying a combined cheek and rein bar, — and (2), the long rearward branch .7, which is shaped to the lower jaw and provided with a spring hook or curled-up end 8. When in use the latter are united by a chin strap or chain. On pulling the reins 9 the horse's chin is compressed between the mouthpiece 1 and the rearward branches 7. 2267. Sowden, A. B.,and I.ee,r, June 11. 7> «^tCJ. ^ Ciif Horse-rugs. — Relates to those horse - rugs which are formed of jute, hemp, flax, tow, > 4 1877] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1877 other similar material, and lined with a woollen material by sewing, and the object of the in- vention is to do away with the sewing and to unite the material forming the woollen lining to the material forming the outside of the rug by means of a fine weft thread, while the rug is being woven ; the under side a of the rug, when woven, presents a surface almost entirely of wool, at the same time that the top side h presents a surface like the rugs of oi'diuary construction. Abridged also in Class Wearing &c. 2429. Turquand, W. "Stl. G-. June 22. \_Provislonal protection onh/.l Sheej) d-c. dippers. — A knife receives recipro- cating movement from a bell-crank lever, connected by means of a link with a disc crank on the spindle of a driving-wheel, and moves over a toothed cutting-plate fixed to a suitable frame. A ball on the bell -crank lever is connected by a double socket link with a ball on the end of the knife. To obtain a shearing action the other end of the knife carries friction rollers bearing on a surface attached to the frame, the pressure being adjusted by means of two nuts on the fulcrum of the knife. The apparatus is guided by hand and driven from a rotating axis above. Abridged also in Class Toilet &c. 2461. Kaddan, B. J., [Holmes, C. E. L., and Laurence, W. E.']. Jnne 26. Cumjcomhs. — The handles and grasping-device shown in Fig. 8 are applicable to currycombs, but the frame may be of any shape. To afford bearing for the notched comb bars, the projecting flanges thereof may rest directly upon the end-pieces h of the frame, or upon flanges a of the latter. Fig. 9 ; or the flanges a or the sides of the frame may be notched to receive the said projecting flanges ; or the said bars may bear upon cross bars a^ extending across the frame. To secure the toothed bars to the frame it is preferred to utilize the wire frame C, Fig. 8, by extending the parts c across the frame in contact with the backs of the toothed bars ; or a plate may be interposed between them. In a modification of the above. Fig. 11, the comb plates D have end lips a fitting within tubular and slotted end bars I. For additional strength the pintles e may pass through the tubes and unite to the handle B, constituting part of the wire frame C. The lips a may first be lapped round the pintles and plates then bent round the pintles to form the tubes I. The lips may extend below or round the pintles. Abridged also in Class BrusMmj dc. 2354. Zi'Amy,.J. JSL. July 10. Horse clippers specially applic- able for cutting tails. A movable cutting-blade A, actuated by a handle A\ is pivoted to a blade B, having a recess D, to receive the tail. A hinged tongue C closes the recess and is secured by a catch E. Abridged also in Classes C idler y ; Toilet d-c. 2380. Davidson, K. July 11. [Provisional protection only.'\ Harness, fastening. — Relates to a hook suitable for traces &c. The hook is connected by a pin or other joint with the shank, and when closed has its I prolonged point received into a recess in the shank, and held there by a collar which is kept over the point by a tumbler or stop fixed to the shank. Both stop and collar are movable by hand. Abridged also in Class Nails d;c. 2816. Bellamy, C. Jtily 24. Harness, fastening. — Relates to means for at once disconnecting the traces from a vehicle in the event of the horse running away or falling. The traces 9 are slipped over hooks 3 at the ends of a shaft 2, and by lifting the handle shown or turning the shaft 2 strap 11 connected to a crank 10, the hooks reversed and the traces released. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. by a arc 2392. Arus, P., [Roudel, P.]. July 28. Stopping runaicay horses. — The horses are stopped by passing an electric current from an induction coil and battery across the nostrils. The electrical apparatus is placed on the driver's seat, or in a leather packet on the saddle, and is connected witli the discharge pieces by a copper wire cord insertec^ in the reins. Abridged also in Classes Electricity d-c, Divs. I. and ///. 2895. Clark, W. July 30. [Provisional protection only.] Horse clippers and the like.— In that class of clipper in which a cutter plate with a number of cutting-teeth slides over a comb or under plate, a clockwork mechanism is placed in the handle and actuates the cutter plate through a lever; a stop action is applied. Or an electric apparatus, consisting of a magnet armature forming a make- and-break switch, may be used. Or a standard carrying driving -gear for the mstrument is employed. . . Abridged also in Classes Electricity dc, JJiv. 111., Toilet &c. 1877] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1877 2995. Shammon, W. Aug. 7. [^Provisional protection onJyJ\ Whips. — One or more pieces of steel or other ■wire are covered with flax or similar material, splicings of cane ^re added, and the whole saturated with wax and then tightened by cords or otherwise. It is then shaved down and covered with gut or thread. 3058. Moifatt, W. J., \_Lahe, J. K., and McDevitt, i)/.]. Aug. 10. [Provisional protection. only.'\ Harness, fasfenijig. — For connecting metal fasten- ings to ropes, a wedge-shaped toothed clip is placed on each side of the rope and there surrounded by a ring within which is placed a bridle with shoulders to bear against the ring. The strain on the bridle tightens the wedges on the rope. For connecting traces to hames, a plate bearing two hooks is used, one of which is attached to the hames and the other to the trace. The trace may be of rope with the above apparatus attached. Abridged also in Class Ropes &c. ., [Grayson, B. F.]. FIG. I FIC.3. i'rs,"!ii 3164. Clark, A. Aug. 20. Stuffing horse-col- lars.— The carriage K, K, Fig. 1, work- ing vertically on wheels in the frame B, B, and the hook F, which bears the collar to be stuffed, are moved simul- taneously up and down by ropes I, and E, passing over pulleys and attach- ed to the wheel G. A weight W hung on the shaft H draws up the car- riage and collar, but when the weight is raised by the treadle A^, acting through the rope Z and rocking lever X, the carriage and collar descend, the latter, held by a workman, coming upon a stationary fork U, by which it is stuffed with straw fed by a toothed band M which forms the bottom of the straw-hopper L. A pulley O, Fig. 3, on the journal of one of the rollers N, is connected to the latter by a pawl and ratchet-wheel P. A strap Q connected to a spring R and to a segmental pulley S passes over the pulley 0, and thus when travelling forward actuates the roller N and the band M passing over it. The pulley S has a projecting arm s, which strikes on a stop in the frame B when the carriage K rises, and thus the strap Q is pulled round and the band M moves the straw onward. The descent of the carriage releases the arm s from the stop, and the spring R draws up the strap Q again. The fork U may carry a guard to limit the quantity of straw taken up, and a plate prevents the outlet of the hopper from being clogged. FI,C.3. 3168. Henderson, A. C, [Gamier, J., and Lecertisseur,M.A.J.]. Aug. 21. Bridles. — To an ordi- nary bridle bit b. Figs. 1 and 3, with the bar a riveted into a square hole, there are added rings e fitted with pivots h, on which is supported by the collars g a U-shaped piecef ormed of the hollow rods 2^ screw- ing below into the part p^ and above in the bars q terminating in the rings g\ Fig. 5, to which the brake rein is at- tached. The part p> is ordinarily held by elastic pressure in the recessed outer part of the end /.-, but when the brake rein is pulled the U-shaped piece rocks on the pivots h, the lower part swinging forward, and is drawn up through the collar g, the points s being pressed against the horse's nose. The hollow rod p) contains a spiral spring, abutting^ against a screw which passes through the collar ff and runs in grooves in the rods p, so that the springs can be fully compressed by drawing the rods up through the collar, and when the pull on the brake rein ceases the U-shaped piece is again pushed out by the springs, and becoming vertical re-engages with the part k. The part 2^^ may be formed in one piece with or soldered to the parts ^:>, and the projections s may be part of the curve p^ or be added afterwards. 3714. Somerset, H. F. R. T. Oct. 6. Saddle - bars. — The bar A, Fig. 1, has a double joint, vertical and horizontal at C, and engages with the hook D on the arm B, which is pinned to the arm F and is governed by the knife spring G. When the rider is thrown, pull of the stirrup-leather H disengages the parts A, B, which assume the positions seen in Fig. 2. 3747. Ordt, K,. A. Oct. 9. [Provisional protection >tot alloired.^ S2nirs. — The stem of the spur has a flat portion which enters the boot heel, and is secured by in- serting a screw through a lug into the heel, or by a plate which is fixed on the heel and enters a notch in the flat portion. Abridged also in Classes Toys dc. ; Wearing- a2yp>arel, Div. III. 1877] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1877 3932. Oct. 24. Hig'son, J. R. Harness ; saddles. — The saddle-tree is made of mal- leable cast iron, and in one piece, and consists of two bars bent to suit the horse's back and connected by cross- pieces as shown. Holes are tapped at «, a for screwing in the " terrets," and at c, d for screws fixing the saddle-piece to the tree, the screw at d being on the end of the bearing hook. The saddle- piece, which is also of malleable cast iron, may be riveted to the saddle-tree, on which a crupper h(v>k /) may be cast or riveted. 4256. Clark, W. Nov. 14. ^Provisional protection only.l ' Horse, sheep, cGc. clippers. — The invention relates to apparatus for operating-instruments for cutting human hair, clipping horses, shearing sheep, &c., in which instruments a cutter plate provided with cutting-teeth slides to and fro over the comb teeth of an under plate. An endless cord, passing over pulleys and driven by a wheel, transmits rotary motion to a horizontal pulley or pulleys placed in bearings over the person or animal to be operated on. A universal coupling is fixed to, and connects the horizontal pulley with, a tube containing a square rod which protrudes and slides telescopically in and from the lower end of the tube. A uni- versal coupling connects the lower end of the rod with a spindle projecting from the handle of the instrument and preferably placed in front of the operator's hand, the spindle terminating in a crank pin &c. inside the handle, and, when working, gi^•ing a vibratory motion to the lever, and, through it. to the cutter plate. To operate the apparatus by electricity, electromagnets are placed inside the handle of the cutting-instrument, and are connected by insulated slack wires with the poles of a battery placed at any distance from the instrument. The magnets give, through fixed or movable armatures and a commutator, a vibratory motion to a lever connected with the cutter plate of the instrument, the latter being partly supported, by an elastic tube &c., from a hook &c. overhead. The wire is preferably passed spirally &c. through the interior of the elastic tube to the magnets. Abridged also in Classes Electricity etc., Divs. I. and TT. ; lollet&c. 4289. Richardson, a. Nov. 16. \_Provisional protection onty.'j Horse-collars, saddles, <&c. — To prevent chafing, collars, saddles, &g. are lined with the cellular vul- canized caoutchouc called " indiarubber sponge." 4401. Sands, J. I. Nov. 22. [^Provisional protection only.'] Harness, fastening. — Relates to a seH- locking pole crab, and to means for disconnecting the harness in the event of the horses faUing. The application to single harness is also described. One end of a hook is jointed to a metal frame, which is formed with an eye, or may be secured to the pole by means of straps, and the other end fits into a slot in the frame and is shut in by a clasp. The hook is further secured by a loose key working in a socket, and falling over the clasp, the key being kept in position by a pin and nut. When the crab is turned up, the key, which can be easily lifted, returns to its socket, the clasp is slipped, and the hook opens, thereby releasing the horse^ For single harness, the frame may be made of iron and fitted with hook and drop key as described above. Abridged also in Classes Nails (&c. ; Road vehicles. 4404. Thompson, W P., [Garrich, /.]. Nov. 23. [Provisional protection only.'] Harness, fastening. — Relates to modes of fasten- ing shafts, poles, cross-trees, and traces, whereby they can be readily detached by the coachman or some one inside the carriage, for the instant release of runaway horses. The detachable fastenings for traces consist in all cases of hinged supports for rings. In a two-horse carriage the trace rings are passed over pegs hinged to a lower fixed cross-tree. The points of the pegs are received into holes in an upper cross-tree, which can be elevated in guides fixed to the lower cross-tree by means of a rack and pinion mechanism connected with a bell- crank lever. The spreader may consist of two hinged bars, between which the trace rings are held until they are set free by releasing the locking-pin of the two bars. The trace bars may also be two pieces sliding longitvidinally, one on the other. The trace rings are held by pins hinged to one piece and supported by slots in the other, until the movement of the first piece brings them oppo- site to gaps in the slots. In a one-horse carriage, the trace pins are hinged to an oblique bar fixed in a vertical plane below the shaft. They are locked to the shafts by small pins which may be readily withdrawn. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 4461. Nawrocki, CS-. W. von, [SpsrUng, F.]. Nov. 27. Saddles. — To form the framework the leather flaps, in one or more folds a, a. Fig. 2, to which are attached saddle pads beneath, and the shaping pads a' above, are united by a fore fork made of two iron cranks c, c subsequently covered with wood and linen cloth, and by a hind fork h. A crupper piece of wood covered with leather for carrying luggage, seen from the side in Fig. 3, may be attached to the hind fork by a tenon g inserted into the groove i and fastened by a binding-screw h. The 1877] ABKIDGMENT CLASS HARKESS (&c. [1878 side pieces a, a may be of leather and india-rubber or of any pliable material, and in military saddles the crupper piece is fixed. 4498. Robinson, J., and Robinson, F. J. Nov. 29. ClotMng for animals. — Horse-cloths, counter- panes, rugs, and similar articles are woven with the warp and weft of the pure waste of silk or noils, which is soft spun with- very little twist. The warp and weft are prepared in the same -manner, but the warp may have the most torsion. The fabrics may be made plain, striped, or figured, the yarns being dyed for weaving, or the noils may be dyed before spinning. The fabrics may also be made waterproof. Abridged also in Classes Spinning; Waterproof (kc. fabrics ; Weaving dc. A.D. 1878. 26 Holding-, N. H. Jan. 2. \_Provisional protection only.'] Whipis. — A hole bored m the stick or handle contains a metallic, wooden, cardboard, or other tubular or other shaped box, closed at both ends and slotted in the side. An internal shield, slotted and spring-actuated, permits matches to be delivered singly or all at once. The box is retained by a spring catch, and forced partly out by a spring at the bottom of the hole, being guided and stopped by pins working in slots in the box. Or, the box may be held partly out by a catch and retracted by a spring ; or a spring on the side of the box without a catch may permit it to be moved out and in at will. Abridged also in Classes Fuel, Manufacture of ; Umbrellas cfce. / Velocipedes. 353. Tyerman, A. Zi. Jan. 28. Dravnngs to S])ecification. IIar>iess, fastening. — Relates to a coupling, applicable to traces. Bell- crank arms are hinged within the slotted end of a rod, and, when dis- engaged, the arms and rod form a Y or -|- ; on being pushed home, the outer ends spread out and form a T, the side projection passing through fixed links. A collar sliding or screwed on the rod locks the arms in position, but the collar may be drawn back by means of cords or levers actuated from a di!5tance, if desirable. The Specification states that the invention may be applied to traces. Abridged also in Classes Chains d'C. / Hydraulic engineer /ng ; Lifting d'c; Railvmy &c. vehicles. 442. Ramsay, F. Feb. 2. Harness, fastening. — Refers to Specification No. 530, A.D. 1872. In the typical form shown in Fig. 6, the non-detachable bolt B has a stud c resting in the recess f which is cut across a boss at the end of the shackle arm. A spiral spring g retains the bolt in position. It may be replaced by a flat spring at the opposite end of the bolt, or the shackle arms pressing out- wards may act as the spring. To open the shackle, the bolt is turned half round and the stud c passed through the radial groove e into the groove fZ, both of which are between the extremity of the arm and the bolt hole. The shackle may be hinged at x. I'orms are shown suitable for sail and brail hanks, booms and boom rings, gaff hoops, blocks or chains, n.asts, harness attachments, tarpaulins, doors, gates, &c. Abridged also in Classes Chains &c. ; Fastenings, Loch die. ; Fire-arms dec, Div. I. ; Railvxiy t&c. vehicles ; Road vehicles ; Ships dec, Div. III. 604. Chevillier, P. Feb. 13. [Provisional protection only.'] Bridle. — A spring, attached to the nose-band by a thumb-screw or otherwise, bears two pads, that compress the horse's nostrils, on being pulled by a rein, which has branches running to the pads through rings on the bridle. The springs and pads are covered with leather, and they and the other parts mentioned are padded on the inner face. The nose-pads may be reversed so as to act from beneath. 610. Eng-strbm, A. Feb. 13. Electricity, controlU7ig animals by. — In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the bit is formed of two similar metal parts a connected by a loop of leather or other insulating-material. Each part a is connected by a side bar, ring, spring swivel, and insulated wire with an induction coil. The said wires may be brought together and enclosed within 1878] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. ri878 a single tube constituting a safety rein. The induction coil is actuated by a battery enclosed with it in a casing carried on the saddle or vehicle. The battery has a water-tight cover from which are suspended two carbon plates between which is placed, capable of vertical movement, a zinc plate normally maintained above the level of the exciting fluid by means of a spring. On the horse becoming restive the zinc plate is lowered by a treadle or other mechanism into the fluid, when an inter- mittent induced current is passed through his mouth. The spring causes the zinc plate to resume its normal position on the operator releasing the mechanism. Abx'idged also in Class Electricity cGc., Div. I. 653. Sown, W. Feb. 16. Hov)ie d'c. cVq^pers. ■ — Relates to a method of securing a presser-bar to the cutter plates of the clippers, and to means for actuating the said bar so as to regulate the pres- sure between the plates. Two pins, with suitable heads, are screwed, rivet- ed, or otherwise secured to the fixed plate a of the clipper. The movable cutter plate h is dropped over the pins. A T-shaped presser-bar e is then placed on the mov- able plate and over the pins. This presser-bar has inclined slots on the under side or extending through it, which slide in contact with inclines on the under side of the pin heads. By sliding the presser-bar, by means of a cam or an eccentric which is operated by a lever i, or a wing nut, the pressure between the plates is readily adjusted. As a modification, the sliding motion of the bar may be effected by the action of a wedge or conical nut, working against an incline or corresponding shape on the bottom or top side of the bar. As a further modification, instead of the above pins, T-shaped lugs may be formed with or secured to the under side of the bar and pass through slots in the bottom plate. On sliding the bar, by means of a wing nut or lever with a conical laase. the lugs slide up inclines on the under side of the bottom plate. Abridged also in Class Toilet do. 1100. Kuckvale, T. March 19. Saclclle-lars. — (1). The stirrup-buckle B, Fig. 1, is attached to the bar C by the hook A with spring front A^, which allows the buckle to slide off when the fall is on the other side of the horse, and when it is on the same side the spring D gives way and allows the stirrup-leather to slide off behind. (2). A buckle A, Fig 4, hooks over the bar C and holds the stirrup-leather ordinarily by the down- wardly-pointed tongue B, which lifts aiad allows the leather to slip off when the fall is on the other side ; when on the same side the releasing action is as in (1). (3). A stirrup-bar C, Fig. 5, pivoted at F and supported by a stop H, releases the leather by being pulled upright as shown in dotted lines, when the fall is on the other side, and when on the same side the leather slips over the spring G, FIG.r. 'FJC.4, which ordinarily holds it close to the saddle. (4). The spring G of Fig. 5 is replaced by a jointed catch D held by a spring I, allowing the leather to escape in both positions of fall. Stirrups. — A metal hook K in the section, Fig. 8, riveted to one side of the end of the leather, or with its stem inserted into a slit in the leather, holds the stirrup, which is secured by a sliding clip loop L prevented from moving readily by a piece of leather L\ Harness, fastening. — Buckles are attached to leather straps by a riveted metal loop. Saddle attachment for tojjs of boots. — Cross ridges of leather may be attached to the outside of the siddle-flaps by studs so as to hold the top of the boot and give the rider a firmer seat. Abridged also in Class Wearing-ajjparel, Div. IV. 1184. Clark, A. IMC., [Folacci, F., and Orsini, E.]. March 25. \_Provisional protectioi only.'] Stopping runaway horses. — A padded bar, which is retained on the end of the pole by a spring, is hung in front of the horses forelegs, and by means of a chain attached to the bar and wound on a I drum within reach of the driver, it may be lowered to prevent further movement of the legs. The bar may be raised again by allowing the chain to run off the drum. Preventing horses falling. — Two broad bands, hanging loosely, pass under the horses and are buckled to two vertical legs attached to the pole. Horse shields or ohstruction-removers. — A curvi- linear guard is attached to the pole, extending nearly to the ground. It is also connected to the fore-carriage. Abridged also in Classes Locomotives dc. ; Rail- loay &c. vehicles ; Road vehicles. 1878] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1878 f>\ Iff 1214. Oram, F. H. P. P. March 27 Nosehags. — The bag a, Fig. l,is contracted behmd at h to prevent waste of food, and is made to rise as the food is consumed by an india-rubber or other spring d attached to the bag and forming the end of the head- strap h to which it is joined by the buckle e. The latter is prevented from rising so as to overstretch the spring by the loop / which acts as a stop. A piece of webbing may be sewn over the springs as shown by the dotted lines, and breathing holes, covered with curtains, may be added Jo 1220. Bashford, G. B. March 28. \_Provls'ional protection onlyj] Nosebags. — The nosebag bears a pulley on each side, and is hung by two cords or straps attached to the head-strap and passing under the pulleys, then through a ring carried by the head-strap and rear- ward to a strap which unites the cords and fastens them to a part of the saddle, pad, or hames. The lowering of the horse's head raises the bag, which is prevented from descending too far by knots upon the cords behind the rings, or by other means. Leathers are placed inside the bearings of the pulleys to prevent galling the horse's cheeks. 1250. SMUiiig-ton, Z. P., and Zfanna, J. A. March 29. Draioings to Specification. Halters. — The halter may be made of solid, ' plaited, or twisted catgut or tharm. It is attached to the link of the tying-strap by a metal clip screwed into a taper hole in the link and compress- ing the rope within the clip. The tying-straps pass through holes provided in the manger and into grooved recesses underneath or over rollers to the weights attached to the ends of the straps. Across the front of the manger under the front edge is carried a metal bar on which is a ring. The halter is attached to the ring, which is free to slide the whole length of the rod. Abridged also in Classes Buildings <&c. ; Drains &c. 1621. G-raham, G-. April 23. \_Provisional protection only.'\ Harness.! fastening. — Relates to means for dis- connecting the traces from splinter-bars in the event of the horse or horses falling. Hollow caps are fitted on the ends of the splinter bar, and are slotted to receive the roller bolts, the latter being retained within the caps by sliding bolts furnished with studs which are engaged by the slots of two levers fitted on the caps. By moving the levers, which may also be connected together, both roller bolts are released. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 1758. Clark, W. May 2. Horse clippers and the like. — Within the handle of the instru- ment is formed an air tube and piston, the rod of which is con- nected with the throw pin driving the cutter plate. The admis.-ion of air to the tube, which is connected by a flexible tube with an air pump, is regulated by valves, moved by hand or automati- cally. Hairdressers'' clippers. — To the under side of the fixed plate is fitted an under plate, of sheet steel, which is pressed against the head of the person so that the length of hair left thereon is determined by the thickness of the plate. A bottom comb of ivory or other suitable material may be attached to this metal plate. Abridged also in Classes Agricultural appliances, Farmyard &c.; A nimal-poioer engines &c.; Totlet&c. 1773. Jensen, P., IDelisle, R. H.I. May , [^Provisional protection ordy.'\ Halters or bridles. — A loose metal ring runs, freely on the looped rear part of the nose-piece, and is linked to the latter part by a loop through which passes a cord attached to the head-piece. When the halter cord, which is fastened to the back end of the looped nose-piece, is pulled, the ring travels up the loop and compresses the animal's nose. 1897. Edmonds, E., [_Leloup, A.^. May 11. \_Provisional protection only.'] Whips. — Relates to a fan in combination with umbrella handles, walking sticks, whip handles, and other similar articles. The fan is jointed to the interior of the handle of the umbrella &c. by means of a bell-crank lever mechanism. In the handle is a groove or recess to receive the fan when folded up ; also a grooved socket, which turns on the handle and conceals the fan when folded up. The fan consists of a frame with three branches, two of which fold over on to the middle one. The whole of the fan is by a circular movement on its joint lodged in the groove of the handle, and the socket being turned conceals the fan and also the detent which puts it in action. To open the fan, the socket is turned until its groove is directly over the groove in the handle ; the folded fan then emerges, turning on the joint, and at the same time opens out by means of springs interposed between the 10 1878] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1878 branches. The detent " comes out and remains at " an angle to the handle for operating the fanning " movement." Pressure on the detent "causes the " fan to describe an arc," and a "spiral spring in a " cylinder returns it to its seat." Abridged also in Classes Umbrellas d-c. ; Wear- hifl-apparel, Dlv. IV. 1982. Eg-ling-ton, F. May 17. \_ProrislonaI protection only.] Shaft tags. — The shaft tug is of metal covered with leather, and made in two parts hinged at the bottom. The top of the outside part bears a loosely-pivoted buckle which engages with the back band, and below this are a stud and one or more metal loops movable on their pivots. A strap at- tached to the uoper end of the inside part is passed through the buckle below its tongue-bar, and through the loops, till a perforation in it engages with the stud, when the loops are pressed down upon it. The bellyband is secured to the end of this strap. 1999. Iiang-shaw, P. C. May 18. Dof} leashes. — Relates to a hook at- tached to a leash for retaining dogs or other animals and releasing them at will. The front part b of the hook is hinged to the shank a and held in its closed position by the spring link (P, which is also hinged to the shank. A pull on the cord h withdraws the link and so releases the hook ; a swivel /j prevents derangement of the hook in case of the animal twisting round. The Provisional Specification states that the invention is applicable for coupling other bodies having con- trary forces and requiring to be released at will. Abridgred also in Class XaUs &c. 2006. Sladdin, W. SE. May 18. l^Provisional protection only.'] Clothing for animals. — Relates to a covering for the bodies of military, naval, or other men, to pro- tect them from cartridges, bullets, and other pro- jectiles ; applicable also as a covering for horses, camels, and other animals. Fine wire is twisted together to form a small coil, which is then woven by hand or machinery into a vest or other covering. At those points where the wires cross or intersect each other, knots are made, forming projections which strengthen the garment. Abridged also in Class Wearing-apjxtrel , Div. II. 2032. Morrison, Ii. X. May 21. ^Provisional protection only.] Whip and sunshade combined. — The handle of a riding whip is hollow and in it is inserted a tube containing a piece of stiff fabric, folded and fitted in such a way that when the tube is drawn out the fabric opens out like a fan and may be used as a protection against sun or wind. The tube may be retained in the handle by a catch and be auto- matically pushed out by a spring when the catch is released. Abridged also in Classes Umbrellas d-c. ; Wear- ing-apparel, Div. IV. 2179. Kosminski, Itl. May 31. FiC.8. Harness, fastening. — The two parts of the back- band &, b, Fig. 2, are united by the plates c, c, which are locked together by a bolt d passing through holes in the parts c^, c^. The loop d^ forms the crupper loop, and the part d passes through lugs e standing on a plate e', being secured at the neck d^ by a spring stud /, which may be withdrawn by hand or by a chain i, Fig. 6, attached through a ring on a prolongation of the lever h to the latter,, which raises the stud as shown in dotted lines. In the trace fastening a continuation of the chain i runs through a loop at the top of the collar and ends at, and can withdraw the spring bolt /, Fig. 9, which passes through and holds the eye-piece c' of the trace loop c attached to the hames ,/. The chain i may withdi'aw the spring catch /, Fig. f , . from the bolt d which holds the hames together, and similar means, aided by a lever turning on an axis, may secure the collar which is hinged beneath. The chain i may have stops so as to release the traces, hames, and back band in succession. A link 0^, Fig. 9, held on the part j^ by the eye c^ is attached by side chains, a link below the hames, and a central chain to the pole, these attachments being released simultaneously with the traces. 2313. Stewart, A. June 8. [^Provisional protection only.] Saddles, ladies'. — To prevent chafing the withers, the side bars of the saddle-tree are united by an 11 1878] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [:1878 iron bridge quite beMnd the withers, and the ofE- head rises from the upper surface of the bar, the pommel and gullet being dispensed with. June 15. 2383, Gedg-e, W. E., [Masso7i, A.]. [Provisional lyrotection only.'] Bridles. — The reins are united exactly in the middle by being passed through the open ends C of a bronze or metal box and secured by the screw D so that if they slip through the hands they are stopped by the box without causing the horse to swerve. The clip may open on a hinge, and is then closed by a screw F or any other fastening. 2431. Barlow, W. A., {Rice, B.']. June 18. FIC.I Bridlen. — Two arcs A, A^'Figs. 1 and 2, are fixed to the bridle by ears or hooks a and connected by a curtain on which are several rows of rings h,h^, through which cords/ for drawing up the curtain run from the lower arc A}, through rings in the upper arc, and then sideways through a ring c where they are secured by a spring clip. The arcs are supported on arms D, D^ pivoted on a bolt fZ, fitted with a spring tending to open the arms. The clip at c on the cords/ counteracts this keeping up the curtain, except when the clip is released by a rein E. When raised, the blind is hidden between the two arcs. 2634. Holding-, N. K. July 1. Whips. — Relates to a receptacle for matches ., [Carleton, C.^. July 9. FIC.Z. ciy nt portion b, Fig. 3, of the under-comb plate a is thicker than the rear portion, and the under surface is curved, as shown. The teeth of the comb plate are long and are hardened so as to secure a good cutting-edge, but the points are annealed to a spring temper to prevent injury in use. The upper cutter plate has a bearing all over the under comb plate. The operating-handle I, Fig. 2, has a cam piece, which enters a hole ein the cutter plate, and is also provided with a sleeve m which works on a pin /, Fig. 3, screwed to the comb plate a. The operating- handle is moved by hand in one direction and is returned by the action of a spiral spring n, one end of which bears against it and the other is fixed to the comb plate. Adjustment of the pressure between the cutters is effected by the cover 0 pressing on the top cutter plate and being adjusted by the nut and spring washer q. Pins cV", Fig. 2, secured to the comb plate and moving in slots in the top cutter plate limit the stroke of the cutters. A plate i. — Reins oi" cords, preferably round, pass through rings or sail thimbles attached to each side of a headstrap or to the bridle, and are fixed to the nosebag, their other ends being united by a buckle and secured to the saddle or harness. The ends of the cords may form part of the harness, being attached to and fi'eed from the bag by spring hooks or buckles, and a strap may be fixed to each side nf the head gear passing across the throat. Horse <&c. clippen^. — For clipping small animals and parts difficult of access of larger animals ; also particularly designed for hairdressers, The front 2881. Clark, W. July 15. [Provisional protection onh/.l Horse dc. clippers. — In a clipper for animals the reciprocating under comb plate is made thin and its teeth are deepened, so as to protrude like ribs beneath the under surface of the plate. The depth of the teeth thus regulates the thickness of hair cut. For cutting human hair and for use as a substitute for razors, the under comb plate is reduced in thickness so as to leave the teeth so fine that the short hairs of the skin will protrude and be subjected to the action of the upper cutter plate. Abridged also in Class Toilet &c. 2924. Elliott, S. July 18. Apparatus for cleaning bits, stirrujjs, buckles, &c. — A metal base-plate A, Fig. I, has another plate G- fixed above it so as to leave between them a space of about half an inch in which slide the wide bases of two forks F, which aye cranked so as to stand 18 I 1879] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1879 out about three inches from the plates. The parts B of the bases are flanged up ayainst tlie plate G, and have on their under sides toothed projections . which fix the forks hj taking into grooves that are ^cut about j^ inch deep at the lower edge of the plate A and taper up to its surface f inch from the I' edge. From a shorter base plate D fixed centrally I over and a little above the plate A rise two rounded tapering hocks E, E, which spring from, and take i a direction parallel to, and about f inch from it. I A groove between the plates A and D allows articles to be easily moved along, and the whole 1 apparatus is fixed to a wooden tablet or to the wall of the stable. 3128. Bastand, C. Aug. 1. [ProrlsiniKtl pintect'ioii i>iihj.'\ Nosebags. — Buckle-shaped devices, attached by a j head-strap to each side of the horse's head, have fixed to them the nosebag straps, and also carry small rollers over which pass cords or chains, that jare fixed at one end to the sides of the nosebag j and at the other to the harness on or behind the [horse's shoulder. 3175. Amrhein, A. Aug. 7. [^Provisional 2»'otectio)i only.] Harness, fasteniiifj. — Means for releasing traces and pole-chains when horses are restive. The loops of the traces ai'e passed into openings in the splinter-bar and are held by vertical pins project- ing through these holes and carried by a plate above the bar. The plate is raised to release the traces. The rings of the collar chains embrace a sliding pin pressed forward by a spring into a hole in a bridle-piece at the end of the pole. The rings are released by drawing back the pin. Cords or chains, wound on a drum near the driver, pass to a pulley of which the axis carries pinions gearing with vertical racks attached to the splinter-bar plate, and a pair of cords also pass along the pole to the sliding pin. By turning the drum the traces and the collar chains may be released simul- taneously. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 3255. 2S.ortick, F. Aug. 13. Harnes^i, fastening. — Coupling- hook for bridles, reins, traces, &.G. The slotted loop A is for a strap or the like. The recesses D formed in the lugs B admit of the connecting link, and the lugs B allow the shank of the hook C, to lie between and to stand over the depression D, so that, when the hook C is swung back, the connecting link may be carried over with it. For some purposes the hook may have but one lug B, and also the part A may be in the form of a sleeve. Abridged also in Class Nails &c. 3173. K.esseler, C, [Dehnlov; J., and Mdll- Tiausen, (x.]. Aug. 7. Collars, necl:. — The hhames are made up of [three bent steel rails, con- leave in cross section, the I two rails m, n, Fig. 1, forming the side parts, I united below at 3, while I the upper one n is joined tto them at 1, 2, the ends being sufficiently long to i overlap when the collar is of the largest size. The i overlappings ends r, r, Fig. 5, together with the ■strengthening metal bar h \ and a toothed steel bar /fixed to the hame on the opposite side, are perforated by a steel bar a bearing a tipping-plate h which, when turned, brings the teetb of the head a^ to fit against those of the plate/, and also the base g upon the plate Ic, clamping the hame ends together. The slot through which the bar a passes is made so as to allow the bar to slide along it lengthwise. The collar pads may be, as shown in Fig. 1, in three ^ overlapping divisions corresponding to those of the ; tames, to which they may be sewn, and the ends ■ may be secured by buckled straps 4, 5, 6. P7807. 19 3392. Clark, W. Aug. 23. FIC.I. Grass and Ulce cZ^^i^ers.— A grass-cutting machine which can be used in positions where it is difficult to move the machine forward. To the frame a, Fio-s 1 and 2, is secured the bottom plate or comb b, which is slightly hollowed on its upper surface. The cutter plate c is made slightly convex, and is provided with elongated slots through which the bolts ¥ fixed in the bottom plate protrude. These B 2 1879] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1879 bolts are screwed and are provided with nuts and washers by which the plates can be fixed together. In lieu of nuts and screws spring fingers may be used to keep the plates in contact, or a third or top plate may be used for the same object. The bottom plate or comb b is secured to a frame a on a projection of which the handle r/ is secured ; the other handle ry' is secured to the fulcrum i and gives motion to the lever /' actuating the cutter plate c ; or the handles may be fixed so that each performs its own share in actuating the cutters, the handles being fixed on opposite sides of the fulcrum. A tray or receptacle k may be fixed to receive the cut grass. The handles g, g^ are made interchangeable. The machine rests on a roller m, which may be placed as in Fig. 1. or two wheels may be used attached outside the framing a, or small rollers may be fixed under the bottom plate. The rollers and tray are fixed so that they can be easily removed, so that the machine can be used for trimming vegetable growths or for cutting round borders or edges of garden beds or banks. The cutters may be actuated by gearing as shown in Fig. 10, or by friction-wheels, the cutters being rapidly moAed liy the lever /. Abridged also in Classes Agricidlural apjtVuincpi^ for the frpatment of Javd d-c. ; Toilrf. <('r. 34:59. Colding-, W. Aug. 28. [Provisional protection 07ily.'\ Harness, fastening. — The crosshead of a two- horse vehicle is made to slin back, by pressing a knob or lever &c., so as to release the collar chains in the event of the horses falling. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 3519. Ziake, W. R., \_Fisher, E.]. Sept. 2. Collars, neck. — The frame of the collar is made in halves, each being pressed from sheet steel or other metil by dies into the longitudinal form of A, A', Fig. 2, and nearly semicircular in cross- section with rolled fianges a which may be perfor- ated for attaching by riveting or stitching to a thin metal or leather covering B, Fig. 3. The coverings may be dispensed with in warm climates, or openings may be made to admit air between the cover and the plates A, A^ Brackets D fixed to the flanges a give attachment to the draft tugs and strengthen the collar. The sides are pivoted together at the top by a bolt b passing through flanges c on the parts A, A^ and through wood or leather pieces E which may be inserted to widen the collar. Similar fastenings join the lower ends, and a piece F, interposed if necessary, bears flanges corresponding to those on the parts A, A', and is fixed to the part A^ by a bolt e\ which passes through the flanges and a plate bent over them, and to the pai't A by a pivoted catch over- lapping the flanges and a bolt e passing through them. On the removal of the catch and the bolt the parts can separate here, pivoting on the bolt b at the top, can be put over the horse's neck, and closed again by the bolt e. The lower ends are curved at g to avoid pressure on the neck. The matrix blocks Gr, G-, Fig. 6, for shaping the metal are made in pairs for each side of the collar, as are the die blocks H, H, the latter having a space left lietween them for expansion of the metal. Parts r/' of the outer sides of the matrix blocks are lievelled above the dies to cause the metal to strain smoothly in the stamping, which is done by the blocks and dies being placed in a press. Abridged also in Class Metah, Cutting &c. . 3572. Gedg-e, W. E., [Boutemps, A.]. Sept. 5. [Provisional protection otdy.l Nose-compressing appara tus. — A piece B (of the form shown or of other form), opening on a hinge at A and closed by a catch F, is fixed on each side of the bit, between the latter and the horse's mouth. The curb chain C connecting the two pieces passes under the chin, and the chain D, which is joined by straps to the apparatus and to the bridle or the top of the bit, passes over and compresses the horse's nose when the reins attached to the loops E are pulled. 3729. Meyerstein, W., [Thibomt, E. A.O.l. Sept. 17. [Provisional ]3rotection only.'] Collars and saddles. — The padding is made in separate cushions, any of which may be removed, and replaced to enable chafed parts to be protected from friction. 3872. K.neen, J. Sept. 25. [Provisional protection only.] Traces &c, — Driving and other belts, such traces &c., are strengthened by a band or bands metal arranged in a line with the belt so a.s 20 I i879] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS ^c. [i67^ ensure the strain on each being equal. The band may be attached by flat staples or secured between two plies through each of which the staples pass alternately. By another method the strap may be split to receive the metal band and the edges sewn together over it. Or it may be inserted between two plies the edges of which are sewn together. The metal bands are turned over at their ends and coupled by a spring. Abridged also in Classes Mechanism &c.; Ropes &c. 4432. Blig-h, m. V. Oct. 30. [Provis/oitai protection only.'] Nosebags. — A loose or fixed D hook is attached to the bridle between the blinker and rosette, and is curved forward right and left for suspending the nosebag from the collar or other part of the body harness by a rope or strap. A stop on this strap prevents withdrawal of the horse's head from the bag. 3974. Towers, J. R., and Berry, C. Oct. 3. j 4543. Whitaker, B. Nov. 7. FiC.I. Harness, fastening. — The splinter - bar D is formed in hinged halves, kept together by springs. On the upper half are fixed projections fitting into recesses on the lower half. The traces B are connected by hooks or rings E to the projections, and by lifting the strap or handle L the top half of the splinter-bar is raised and the traces released. The pole-chains I are connected to a pin T, which fits into a socket in or on the end of the pole. When the traces are released the horses withdraw the pin from its socket. The application to the shafts of a two-wheeled vehicle is also mentioned. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 4213. Farron, W. H. Oct. 17. \_Provisional protection only.] Head-stalls. — A metal cage or muzzle made of two rings connected by bars is substituted for or connected to the ordinary leather nose-band, and extends just beyond the animal's mouth. One or more bars kept in position by the throat lash or neck strap are joined to this muzzle, and extend to the back of the head terminating in a padded fork. The apparatus may be padded and made adjustable to suit the distance between the mouth and neck. 4427. Shepley, J. G. Oct. 30. Drawings to Specijication. ^'-'9-^, shaft— A buckle is included in this inven- tion. The frame is divided into three spaces or openings by two crossbars. On the upper bar is secured a tongue by which a strap or back band may be buckled on. On the end of the frame at the back of the third opening a looped strap or tug 16 attached. x- i- & Abridged also in Class Wearing-apparel, Div. IV. FIC.4. Whip sockets. — A disc of metal is pressed into a cup form by suitable tools ; the flat bottom is cut out so as to leave a seamless band 2, which is then operated upon with rollers to produce a set bevel 4 at or near its edges, and the case is finished in the ordinary way. Such cases may be used as whip sockets. Abridged also in Classes A dvertising &c.; Boxes dx. ; Fuel., Manufacture of ; Furniture &c. ; Philosop>hical instruments; Registering &c. ; Sev'ing &c. ; Table articles &c. ; Tobacco-; Toilet &c. ; Toys dc. ; Watcher dc. 4658. Hart, J. Nov. 8. f^ It /til ^ EEE3^ Combs for the human hair or for dressing animals. The teeth are formed of solid or tubular wires in short lengths, or of semi-cylindrical wires bent so as to give a rounded point, or single wires bent as in Fig. 20 are used. The wires, if of steel, may be magnetized. They are secured, by solder or cement, to backs of metal, wood, vulcanite, papier mach^, or other material. The back «, Fig. 4, may be of elliptical or other section, and if of metal may be formed by stamping, drawing, or casting ; or a tube may be punched or drilled along the edge for the insertion of the teeth and the end guards b. Backs may also be made of two or more parts united by soldering, riveting, or by clips ; or they may be cast on the teeth, which in this case are preferably headed. The combs may be made single or double and may be provided with a handle. A clamp for holding the teeth while the back is being attached consists of a grooved bar «, Fig. 6, to the bottom of which, a plate is attached. A plain bar d rests on the plate, and is held against e by the nuts and clamping-screws. Abridged also in Classes Medicine dc. ; Toilet dc 21 i879] ABRIDGTHENT CLASS HAENESS &c. [18*79 4626. Ridg-way, A. Nov. 13. Horse and like d'qjpers. — The shears, Fig. 1, for hedges, corn, grass, lawu or turf, &c., has blades 6', h- bent as in Fig. 3 to produce a gradual contact of the cutting-edges from heel to point as they reciprocate. If necessary, screw-pins ;• have springs under their heads to allow the blades to yield to pass OA'er one another. JJ -shaped clamps may be used in place of the pins r. In shears for horses, sheep, &c. the teeth 6', h-, Fig. 12, lie in grooves in the plates o', (iP, and are recessed for a rod which secures the teeth and keeps the two sets slightly apart at their heels, causing their points to overlap. The top plate a^ rests and slides on the rod, allowing the teeth a little play in their grooves to pass over the bottom teeth. In the shears, Fig. 18, for sheep or other animals or human hair, teeth b^ on a rod r are pressed against teeth h- by springs p ; the upper plate (t? slides on the rod. Shanks connected by an ordinary spring bow to open them after the cut are jointed to plates a^, a^. The lower plate has a slight twist throwing the points of its teeth higher in succession to the left, so that the two sets cross as shown while making the cut. Another form somewhat similar in action to those, Fig. 1, but for sheep or other animals, or human hair, has a guard plate which stops material passing beyond the cutting-part of the blades, and instead of the blades being bent, a strip is placed between the lower edge of the two plates to incline them. Fig. 24: is a machine for clipping sheep or other animals, or human hair, in which a plate a^ oscillates or rotates against a plate a^ ; thsy have cutting-teeth. Fig. 23. A telescopic driving-shaft connects to a spiral spring jj which drives a shaft d and gives motion to the plate ci?. A guard of rubber tube fixed to the tube e covers the spiral spring. The machine is held by a handle /*. Abridged also in Class Toilet doc. 5001. Rydill, C3-. Dec. 6. [Provisional protection only.l Horse-rugs. — Tufted fabrics made by knitting or weaving for horse-rugs &c. When woven the warp is composed of any mixture of animal or vege- table fibres, or yarns, and after making a certain length of the cloth with or without a pattern, tufts of any desired material are inserted so as to show upon one or both sides. Another length of the fabric is woven and another row of tufts inserted, which are placed according to the desired eifect. The fabric may be washed and fulled with care. Abridged also in Classes Furniture &c. ; Lace- making d-c. ; Ornamenting ; Packing &c. ; Seicing de. • Wearing-apparel^ Divs. J. and ///. ; Weaving d-c. 5079. Wilton, K. S. Dec. 11. FIC.3 ^fi- Stirrup heirs and leathers. — The plate b, Fig. 3, is riveted to the saddle-tree and has a projection c to which there is jointed a flap ~fZ that is kept closed by a spring e. The stirrup-leather is held by a buckle/, Fig. 4, having above its top bar a loop or spring bar h, which is hung over the catch c, and ' one end i of the loop can turn on a pin k but is ordinarily held in position by a spring I bearing against its lower end. The stirrup may be carried by a single strap, the lower end of which is fastened to the stirrup while the upper is passed through the. buckle, so as to lie behind the main part ; or one end of the strap may be secured to the lower bar of the buckle, and the rest passed through the stirrup, and back through the upper part of the buckle. When a fall occurs on the side of the stirrup, the end / will yield and free the spring bar and stirrup ; if on th*^ other side, the bar h is pulled against the spring flap d, which yields. For ladies' saddles the stirrup leather is preferably sewn to a ring which is hooked over the projection c, or it may be sewn to the spring-hook with the stirrup-leather made in two parts united by a buckle for convenience iu altering the length. 5181. Wrig-ht, R. P. Dec. 18. [Provisional protection only."] Stirrups. — The stirrup is made open on one side, and the tread plate has at this side a small upward projection to keep the foot from slipping off. The eye part to which the leather ii attached may be connected by a swivel joint -to the single side, or may be formed in the same piece with it, in the la°tter case being preferably made parallel to the 22 1879] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1880 tread plate. When the eye is at right angles to the tread plate it may project entirely in one direction from the single side or more in one direction than the other. 5186. Gardner, H., [Vassem; C.]. Dec. 18. \_Procis/oiial protection onlif.'\ Floating appliances for horses. — Two airtight bags are shaped to fit against the rider's legs from the knees downwards and against the animal's sides, Avliere they are fastened by a girth strap, another strap at the top attaching them to the saddle. Flexible airtight tubes are fixed to the tops of the bags, and have at their upper ends a pump by which the bags can be filled with air by the rider without dismounting, Avho can also empty them at once by turning a thumb-button. A.D. 1880, 346. Campbell, T. HH. Jan. 26. Xoaehags. — The nosebag is sus- pended by a buckle formed with a loop extension a and provided with a ring or loop b which may be loose, as shown, or may be formed in one piece with the buckle. The cord for raising the bottom of the bag when the corn becomes low passes through the guide ring b and round a small guide roller on a hook or like appliance fixed to the blinds or to adjustable suspension straps for the bag, the end of the cord being attached to any suitable part of the harness. To the loop a ih> attached one end of a short strap for hanging up the bag when it is not in use, the other end of the strap being provided with a hook for engaging the loop of the buckle on the opposite side of the bag. Abridged also in Class Wearing-apparel^ Die. IV. 405. Xieckie, J. Jan. i'J. Harness fastening. — The front of the breast-collar bears a Mdney-shaped link 21, Fig. 3, with a hori- zontal swivelling part 23 and a free ring 24 for the pole strap. The link may swivel completely round, a headed centre pin 25 being passed through the eye in the back of the link and secured by a screw nut to a metal plate fixed between the inside of the breast collar and its inside lining. Instead of the centre pin the link may have a short spindle which is passed through the collar and through an inside plate and may be secured by a head or washer on its inner end. The opening in the plate has lateral sector-shaped parts in which work projec- tions on the spindle, the play of the latter being thus limited. Saddles. — The front parts of the end saddle tree are connected by a hinge 31, Fig. 7, and are held in place by looped or ringed thumbscrews 32 (or other movable fastenings) made with right and left handed screws respectively, so as to be held by a tapped coupling-piece 33 which when turned by a key inserted in the cross hole 34 draws together or apart the sides of the saddle. The Provisional Specification gives a modification in which the thumbscrews are secured into iron plates, two or more plates being provided for each saddle to fit different horses. A rest for the rider's back is fixed by loop thumbscrews to the cantle of the saddle. The pannels 40, Fig. 13, are in two distinct pieces with sockets for looped thumbscrews 41, 42, for easy change or removal. In the Provisional Specification there are also described (1) Adjust- able and removable wedge-sliaped bolsters which are fixed by looped thumbscrews or other means between the saddle tree and the pannel. (2) A panel of " second growth " sheepskin which is steeped in a solution of salts of tartar and ammonia, and then in one of saltpetre, vinegar, and oatmeal ; it is next dried and rubbed inside with birch tar. Any suitable modification of tanning may replace the above process, and carbolic acid or other anti- septic may replace the birch tar. The side with the short wool is placed next to the horse's skin. Abridged also in Class Leather. 23: 1880] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &g. [1880 589. Birch, W. P. Feb. lU. Saddle-bars. — The stirrup leather rests on the part D, Fig. 1 , of the saddle bar, and on the projection B' of a lever B which is pivoted at C, and with the upper sur- face of its arm keeps the hinged stop A vertical by contact with its tail end E. If the stirrup leather is drawn backwards, its front edge leaves the part B' free to rise, and the back edge presses against the stop A, which on the turning of the lever B is forced down as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and the stirrup leather is released. A light spring may act against the underside of the lever B, to tend to keep the projection B^ in the position shown by full lines. The saddle bar is made to slope upward behind as at F, to release the leather freely if a fall occurs on the opposite side. 618. Brydg-es, E. A. Feb. 14. \_ProcUio)ial protection o)dy.^ Ifaniess fastening. — The whipple-tree, which is connected to the vehicle by a bolt, is formed at each end and in the centre of the front, with forks to carry a rocking bar. In the centre of this bar is keyed a lever, which is connected to a chain within reach of the driver. Each trace is slipped over a horn formed on a segment-piece, which is mounted in the end fork and has a notch to engage a tooth on a rocking arm keyed on the rocking bar and also mounted in the end fork. On lifting the lever by means of the chain, the teeth are drawn out of gear and the traces released. The rocking arms are provided with pins to retain the traces on the horns should the catches become disengaged by any other means. In a pair horse carriage, a lever is placed at the inner end of each whipple-tree, the two levers being connected by small chains to the chain leading to the driver's seat. Abridged also in <31ass JRoad vehicles. 673. Brydg-es, E. A., Feb. U. [Poothof cC- Golf.]. FIC.3. Ha mess fasten ing. — Slip-hook for pole chains and traces. Fig. 3 shows the application to a pole. The cap B carries a pair of pivoted hooks E, the rear ends of which are normally secured by a spring-actuated collar H'. A screw collar with spring retaining latch may be substituted for the collar H'. Similar devices may be employed on shafts, or on of Whipple trees. Abridged also in Classes Nails etc. vehicles. the ends ; Road 1016. G-reenstreet, F. K. March 9. Nosebags. — The bag is supported on each side by iron or other rods fixed to the shafts, or pole, or in the case of trace horses to the collar. Small shafts are fitted at their ends with sockets which supports the rods, the latter having hollow ends to catch on pegs fixed under the shaft. In large shafts the rods are attached by having forked ends which pass under a catch on the upper side of the shaft while sockets in the rods keep the latter in position by fixing over pegs on the shaft. For poles a rod attached as above has a curved branch on each side which runs to the outside of each bag, the inner sides of the bag being united by a connection which rests on the pole. For trace horses the rods are held in sockets that are let into the collar above the tugs and secured by a plate and nut at the back of the collar. Long rods may be jointed for doubling up and placing in the bag, or they may be fixed to the shafts, folding back by a hinge or sliding in a groove. 1021. Woolnoug-h, C. March 9. Trace fastenings. — The heads and shanks of roller and dragon-tongue bolts are made detachable, for the purpose of disconnecting the traces from a vehicle in case of accident. According to one method the head of the bolt is provided with a threaded plug as shown, to screw into the upper end of the shank. By this arrangement the head can be readily unscrewed and the traces released. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. FIC I 1199. Heap, J. March 19. Drawings to Specification. Traces. — Compound bands of metal and leather or the like, applicable as traces and for other pur- poses. Abridged also in Classes Mechanism dec. ; Ropes Ac. 1235. Jenkins, N. March 23. 24 i... — ...i..iiuuu»ui-'uili.JjMiiillMiJ-i| FIC. 32. Whips. — Relates to the construction of compound wire spring fabrics and to machinery for making same. Wires of hard brass, steel, or other hard metal are first braided into various flat, taper, and tubular forms in continuous lengths, and after- wards cut into the required lengths, the ends where cut being previously soldered together. The articles are finished by having caps or other terminations compressed on to the soldered ends by dies with faces diagonally grooved so as to impress the caps ; the soldered ends can also be heated to cause additional adhesion. The springs may be covered with fibrous material braided over the wires, in which case the soldering could be dispensed with and the fibrous material could be saturated with waterproof sizing. The springs could be thinly coated with rosin or varnish to 1880] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1880 prevent oxidation, or the wires might be plated ■with metal of -an incorrodible nature. For taper tubular springs formers or core? are introduced which in some cases are permanent. Temporary- cores are used of fusible metal which are melted out when the articles are produced. In continu- ous springs of uniform section a smooth stationary former is used which allows the braid to slide off as fast as it is formed. Fig. 32 represents a whip braided in a tapering tubular form a portion of which may be filled with a core of elastic material. The wires at the butt end are twisted together and a cap attached. Abridged also in Classes Agricultnral appliances, Farnii/ard i('c. ; Fencing tfr. ; Fish dc. ; Furni- ture tl'r. ; HoUonxrare ; Lace-malcing due. ; Mechan- ism (Cr. ; Metah, Cutting tCr. ; Raihvaii signals &c. ; Toilet dw ; Trunks dc. ; Umbrellas dc. ; Wearing-apparel, Dies. II. and IV. 1327. Xiake, W. R., \_Eissbrilchmr, C. F.]. March 31. [^Provisional protection only.'] Bliniers. — Blinkers having cavities larger than the animal's eyes are pivoted upon a hoop fixed by straps, and are held open by an arrangement of levers and spring bolts, so that when released by pulling a rein they are closed over the eyes by springs. In a modification, the blinkers, which have their rims formed of springs covered with cloth, are fixed rigidly on a hoop and are usually held out of action by cords attached to a spring, being released when necessary by a rein. 1412. Ziang>sford, K. April 7. Nosebags. — The _ mouth of the bag has a purse-like metal or other frame of two clasps B, B, Fig. 2, hinged at i', and having a button c^ and a tag c by which the bag can be closed when not in use. It is supported by the headstraps D, and by others F attached to the bottom of the bag E and to the collar or saddle or to a strap passing round the horse's body behind the shoulder. Holes d on each side, near the position ©f the nostrils, afford ventilation, which is also provided by the clasps B, B when open. The frame straps and bag may be made of any convenient material, and the fi-ame with part of the nose portion can be iixed to ordinary bags. 1526. Toberentz, P. April 14. Whips. — A suitable number P 1 C 4- of pieces of cane preferably of I . . equal size are planed on two sides so as to form when joined. Fig. 4, any desired taper, while the outside a pre- serves its natural glaze. A space may be left in the middle by planing off the inside of each piece, to be filled with a core of raw hide cut into four-cornered strips and compressed into cylindrical form or with whalebone, steel, leather, or other material. The whips may be covered with twisted or braided cord or otherwise. 1595.'vXinray, J., [Engstrdm, A.]. April 19. Currycombs. — The back of the comb is a steel plate rt. Fig. 1, with its back-edge b turned up at right angles and the plate a is secured by rivets to the back frame c which has a stem d to enter the handle m., or the handle may be held in two metal loops in the back. The front rivets also hold piecesj, under which are secured the ends of an angle piece /, and bolts h, passing through holes in the angle piece, in the raised edge i, and also in the flexible and elastic blades I as well as in pieces of stiffening plate / on each side of them (between which plates are tubes g serving as distance-pieces), hold all these parts firmly together by the nuts e. The holes in the plates I for the bolts are notched, so that by slackening the nut any blade may be moved or withdrawn, and serrated blades may be alternated with plain-edged ones to prevent injury to the animal's skin. Thick blades may be used with springs between, allowing tliem to yield to excessive resistance, and brushes may be fixed instead of, or in addition to, the blades. 1679. Jenkinson, W., and ItXayman, J. F< April 23. Drawings to Specification. Horse cloths, fabrics for. Both the warp and the weft forming the face of the fabric are of jute or hemp, but the back weft is of soft wool or hair and is interwoven with the warp forming the face of the fabric, to produce a twill or plain face. Stripes or checks may be produced by using a variously-coloured warp. Special means for weav- ing the selvages are described. Abridged also in Class Weaving dc. 1787e Paquis, E. May 1. [Provisional protection only.'] Collars, nech. — The collar is made expansible by means of sliding hopper boxes with a rack and pinion adjustment actuated by a lever, and is fixed at the junction of the two parts by a brace and bolt. A safety spring keeps the collar extended, and the stem of the tug is received into slots with stop notches for adjusting the draught to the size of the horse. Hame tugs. — These consist of an artillery hook, with a spiral spring to prevent sudden jerk, and a 25 18801 AfeETDGMlE^T CLASS llARNESS &c. [1886 nut which supports the hook and stretchts the spring. The tug is kept in its seat by a spring, and its stem which pastes partly through the collar is received into a slot with a notch for a key or cottar on the stem. 19C6. I^Iay Sonneville, K. 10. Fit. I. A., [Lunge, G. c/e]. Rein-holders for use in training &c. Two cylindrical tubes «, a, Fig. 1, about three inches long, each containing two spiral springs of different strengths, are placed side by side, and fixed at one end to the ring d for attachment to the surcingle, saddle girth, or small saddle, while to the ring or hook e the bridle, bit-rein, or reins are attached. The powers of the two springs represent the action of the rider's hand, and their play is checked by the thumb screw h^ while a strap c may be attached to this screw to protect the apparatus. The arrangement can be used as a harness hook by having the part e a hook, to which the bit-rein is fixed, the other end being attached to the small saddle. For strong- mouthed horses a third tube/^. Fig. 9, with a single very elastic spring of a strength equal to that of a finger of the rider, is placed above the other two tubes /, which contain stronger springs, and the play of one spring can be checked by the thumb-screw /. The spring in the tube /' is attached by two hooks g to the bit-reins, and the springs of the tubes / by rings h to the bridle-reins. This form is fixed to the surcingle by two screws j, and a strap I passed through a loop m. 1922. Straigrht, S. May 11. Whij) handJea. — A thin me- tallic lining a is constructed preferably of two segments joined together and provided with overhanging edges to form channels for the reception of the thin ivory covering-pieces h. Abridged also in Classes Cut- lery ; Uiuhrellas &c. 2079= Jones, R. May 22. \_Provisional protection onlyj] Harness fastening. — Means specially applicable for disconnecting the shafts and traces from a vehicle in the event of the horses running away. In a single-horse vehicle, the shafts and traces are attached to pins forming arms of bell-crank levers, held in place by springs, the other arms of the levers being connected by chains &c. to a handle near the diiver. By moving the handle, the levers are drawn back and the shafts leleased, a strap over the hoi'se's back being provided to prevent the shafts dragging on the ground. In a two- horse vehicle, similar bfell-crank levers may be used for the traces and straps running along the pole for attaching the collar chains, or the pins may project from a rotating shaft, which is locked by a pin passing through it. By withdrawing this pm, the shaft rotates under the pull of the traces and the straps are released. Spring catches may be used instead of the pins, and the straps may be fastened to hooks linked to the pins, or the pins may be attached to one or more sliding bars, which are withdrawn for releasing the straps. Abrids'ed also in Class Road vehicles. 2095. Mills, F. A. May 24. [Provisioned protection only.'] Saddles and saddle-hars. — The ends of the two main crutches in ladies' saddles are made square and encased in steel caps or bands to fit . into sockets, in the saddletree, where they are fixed by passing steel pins with split ends through the sockets and steel caps. The crutches are forced out by springs in the sockets when the pins are withdrawn, which is efEected by slip lines attached to their heads and to a running line placed near the saddle pommel and ending in a ring or other- wise so that the rider may free the crutches by a jerk. The lower saddle bar is hinged and secured by a pin made and freed as the pins above de- scribed, the line being joined to the others so as to release the stirrup with the crutches. In gentlemen's saddles only slip lines from the two stirrup bars are necessary, and they may be gathered with the reins or attached to the person. 2165. Silvermann, Xi., and Rishton, S. May 27. [Provisional protection only.] Seiddle bars and harness fastenings. — An appa- ratus is made in the form of a square of which the two sides are prolonged, and closing the open end thus left is a hinged piece held in place by a detent hinged on the other side. The detent is kept in position by a spring, but this can be overcome by the sudden pull of a cord attached to it and to the rider or driver. One part of the stirrup leather or trace &c. passes over the hinged top, and the other over the opposite closed end, which in the case of the stirrup leather may serve for the attachment to the saddle. 2352. Jones, J. W., and Bridgrer, B. H. June 10. Spurs. — A spur is provided with a shank c which is fitted into a slot in a metallic or ordinary heel of a boot and is secured by a screw h^. Abridged also in Class Wearing-apparel, Dir. III. 26 1880] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1860 2428. Allison, K. J., ^Lieivn, L.]. June 16. liiEii) \\ m \ -t^r— :;- Trace fastenings. — Relates to means for instan- taneously releasing horses from vehicles. Recesses C are formed in the splinter bar to receive the roller bolts, which are secured by pins D screwed to a metal frame, capable of vertical movement guided by bolts B. On raising the frame by means of the handle A, the pins are lifted and the traces are released. In a modification, the pins are lifted by pressure ou a pedal connected by a hinge joint to a lever, passing under the fore-carriage to the pins. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 2543. Johnson, J. K., \_Lieheriiiann, J. A. J.']. June 22. rpiC t. Wirevorh for harness. — Consists in employing for various purposes strips or bands cut from a material composed of wires coiled in a helical form con- nected together as shown in Fig. 2 by causing the coils of each helix to en- gage with the coils of adjacent helices. The strips are afterwards submitted to a gentle pressure so as to flatten the coils with a view to preventing the wires working out endways, and their edges are rendered smooth by clipping and turning them over, or by binding them with leather, india-rubber, or other suitable material. The Specification states that the material may be used in the manufacture of harness. Abridged also in Classes Mechanism dv. ; Ropes &c. ,^ r 1 C.2- 2628. Mantelet, P. F. June 28. Horse and like cVqipers. — The movable cutter-plate is pressed against the fixed comb -plate by a curved cover plate o, acted upon by a pivoted lever X adjusted by a screw. The fixed comb is secured to the fixed handle e by screws. The pivot pin of the movable handle moves in bearings in the fixed comb- plate and fixed handle e. The mov- able comb has a recess to receive the working end of the movable handle. A rib on one edge of the cover plate enters a gi'oove in the fixed comb and an even pressure is thus obtained. By unscrewing the adjusting screw of the pivoted lever X the parts can be easily removed. Projections on the movable cutter strike against stop-pieces on the fixed lever, to regulate the cut. For sheep-shearing clippers the cutter teeth are made coarser and when used as toilet clippers or for clipping the lower parts of the limbs and heads of horses, a spnug is place i between the handles so that the instrument may be used with one hand only. Abridged also in Class Toilet Ac. 3082. Iiake, W. SS.., Freres~\. July 26. [_Les fds de Peurjeot \_Provisional jJrotection only.'] FIG. I Horse and like clippei's. — A prolongation a formed on the under comb A is provided with teeth, and can be ad- justed, by means of a sliding plate, to regulate the length of cut. When attached to, or arranged upon, the under comb, without forming a part of the same, it maybe f ormedof a different metal to the under comb, or be of bone, ivory, india-rubber, or the like. The arrangement is equally applicable to barbers' clippers. Abridged also in Class Toilet tOc. 3253. Clark, W., \_Maddpji, A., and Leoeij, C]. Aug. 9. JTa^^g/' attachment for pre- Fic.i. venting crib biting. A represents an ordinary halter, the attachment to which consists of the metal bars d., d, in one piece with the rings I, I, which are provided with spurs which are held by the stitching of the straps a, b, c so that the rings cannot turn, the under jaw strap e, and plate / and connecting straps. The plate / bears upon its front side a number of spikes i, and bent spring plates k which prevent the spikes entering the animal unless considerable pressure be applied. In use this attachment allows of freedom of movement except when the horse, in biting the crib, seizes the manger and drops his lower jaw, when the spikes i will prick his under lip. 3280. Anderson, E. Ii. Aug. 11. \_Provisional protection only.'] Saddle-bars. — A double automatic escapement is applied to saddle-bars which, dii-ectly the rider's leg in falling backwards gives the slightest oblique traction, turns on its pivots and rests upon a stud or stop piece where it meets with resistance ; if the rider is not then free,, the escapement slides upon its pivots in a groove in a plate attached to the saddle-bar, and when it leaves this groove it is free. The stirrup leathers are hung in the escapement to a small latch or catch which lifts and releases them when the rider is thrown sideways or forward. To prevent forward swing the grooved plate is provided with a stop, and to avoid any lifting of the escape- ment due to the pace of the horse this plate is provided with a stop-bar ; the catch of the latch is furnished with a spring. 27 1880] AteRlbGME^T (^LASS HAttNESS &c. [1886 3395. mcCarthy, T. G-. S., and Shake- spear, A. Aug. 20. Cleaning harness, plate, tin-ware, and the like. The cleaning-surface a, Fig. (i (Sheet II.), of bell-shaped or other form is set with hair &c. and the apparatus may be clamped to a table and actuated by a crank handle as shown. Abridged also in Classes Brushing d-c. ; Cutler!/; Furniture dc. ; Grinding or abrading &c. ; Washing <£•(?. ; W earing-apparel, Div. III. Fioe.sTtf a 3643. Holding-, J., and Dutton, K. Sept. 8. [^Provisional protection only.'] Chains for harness cOc. — The links are formed by coiling steel, iron, or other metal wire, riband, rods, or bars of any section upon any suitably- shaped mandrel and afterwards cutting the wire into lengths, or links may be formed from separate pieces of wire, elasticity of the link being regulated by the closeness of the wire in the coil. The links are afterwards threaded together or they may be used alternately with links punched from sheet metal, and for great elasticity the punched links are formed with inclines which compress the coils when subjected to strain. Links made from steel wire, may be afterwards hardened and tempered, and in some cases the links are made from hardened and tempered wire. Abridged also in Classes Chains &c. ; Fencing lie. ; Furniture &c. ; Weaving &c. 3794. Cooling-, C. S. Sept. 18. [Provisional protection only."] Saddle treet^. — For the belly wood or other non- yielding material is employed and so arranged as to admit of the skirt of the saddle being brought upon it. 4112. Babb, J. Xi. Oct. 9. ^' HC.2. Neck yokes.— In the arrangement shown, A A are yokes foi-med of the bars a, a bolted to the end pieces E, E . Two of these yokes are secured to two connecting bars B,by ball-and-socket joints e'. A cross bar C connects the two bars B and carries f clevis F by which connection is made with the pole of the vehicle. 4741. Pass, E. de, [Soc. Giullaume et Cie.]. Kov. 17. [Provisional protection only.] Horse and like clippers. — A notched plate is placed over a moA'able comb and takes into a heel- piece or projection on the movable handle. A iDutton or stud at the centre of a jointed lever is free to oscillate in a suitably-shaped slot in the projection or heel-piece and is retained therein by a collar. A set-screw on one end of the lever presses against the movable handle and the top of the notched plate, to adjust the pressure on the combs or cutters. The movable comb is guided by the notched plate being suitably bent over or curved to enter a slot in the comb face. The movable comb is reciprocated over a fixed comb by means of a cam-finger or the like on the movable handle. Abridged also in Class Toilet &c. 5207. Sowden, W., and G-arward, J. Dec. 13. [Provisioned protection only.] Harness fastening. — Relates to a method of con- necting the traces to the splinter bar in such a way that by withdrawing bolts the traces are released. In carriages the bolts are connected by a cord or strap to a handle in front of the seat. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 5477. Dancer, Sir T., and Chappell, E. Dec. 29. nc I Saddle - bars. — The plate « is secured to the saddle ; & is a vertical bar, hinged at c and pro- vided with a cam d and an eye g to which is ap- plied a spring j ha\'ing play in a slot in the side of the eye ; e is a hori- zontal cm'ved bar hinged to the plate a at /" and grooved at its end 7(, into which groove the spring j takes and locks the parts together as shown. On the falling of the rider, the stirrup leather k pulling against the bar in any direction will unlock the two bars and re- lease the stirrup. Should the rider be thrown on the opposite side of the horse the stirrup leather will pull up against the bars and the cam d acting against the plate a will cause the bars to become unlocked. Mention is made of a push piece hinged near the free end of the bar e. 28 1881] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1881 A.D. 1881. 190. Edmonds, Jan. 14. E., [Moiobrcq/, G. M.]. I Mater/ah for ha mess. — Relates to an india-rubber or gutta-percha composition that may be rolled on paper, wire gauze, or perforated metal for harness mounting &c. Pieces of cut caoutchouc and naphthalene are heated together for some hours at between 180° and 230° Faht. Before its temperature lowers, the hot mass is introduced into a masticating-machine which has been pre- viously heated to 2] 2' Faht. The plastic homo- geneous compound formed is called " masticated " naphthalized caoutchouc." To produce " masti- " cated naphthalized gutta pei'cha " the impure blocks ;ii"e finely divided, washed, boiled, passed between toothed rollers, and strained. Naphtha- lene is added to tlie gutta-percha and the rest of the process is exactly the same as described above for caoutchouc. Soluble substances which it may be necessary to combine with the india-rubber or gutta-percha are dissolved in melted or boiling naphthalene and added to the hot naphthalized gum in the masticator. Materials which are insoluble in naphthalene are dried, heated to 212^^ Faht., and then introduced into the masticating mass, to pro- duce perfect mixtures. After removing the excess of naphthalene either of the naphthalized gums may be subjected to the action of sulphur or the sulphides and to the process of hard or soft vulcanization. Abridged also in Classes Electricity c6c., Divs. II. and ///. ; Fire-arms c&c, Dirr. II. ; India- rnbber d'C. ; Pijjes &c. ; Waterproof &e. fabrics. 238, Noirit, E. Jan. 20. [Provisional protectioti ow7?/.] Saddle-girth. — FJat strips of woven textile material — preferably flax or hemp — are placed side by side, each strip passing through separate aper- tm-es in transverse pieces of leather so arranged that the textile strips are held the requisite dis- tance apart. These apertm'es are so made that each strip passes through two slits in each piece, the side on which the leather forms two ridges being placed away from the horse's body. " The •' strips so united are, at each of the two extremi- " ties thereof brought together or caused to con- " verge in two equal portions, and in each of the " four portions thus provided the strips forming ■ ' the same are placed closely together at their ends ■' and secured by a piece of leather which is bent " over at the front and extends a short distance " along both sides of the strips so as to enclose the '' latter to which it is sewn, a buckle being held by " the leather. It will thus be apparent that each " extremity of the girth so made is provided with " two free ends, each of which is furnished with a " buckle, so that the girth may be secured to the *' saddle in the ordinary manner." 361. Scholefield, A. Jan. 27. Saddles. — The brackets C are fixed to the saddle, and to these the pannel plates D are hinged by means of studs E, allowing the cushions to move sideways upon their axis. The pannel plates D are perforated for purposes of ventilation. The brackets C have a number of holes so that the position of the cushions may be adjusted. Abridged also in Class Fjertrioity (fr.. Dir. II. 480. Bezer, H. Feb. 4. RGr. FIG. a FIG. 3. Harness, fastming. — Relates to modifications of the shackle described in Specification No. 1298, A.D. 1876, applicable as a fastening for pole chains. The body of the shackle may be made in one piece ; or it may consist of three parts C, A, D. The inner piece A is formed so as to receive the spring B, and forms a strengthening distance-piece between the two outer pieces C, D. The link E, pivoted at E^ is foi'med at its end into a catch G- eno-aging with a corresponding catch H on the latch°F, which is pivoted at F' and controlled at L by the spring B. The stop M prevents the spring from being overstrained. The working parts are so arranged that- they will not jam if the edges of the body become burred, and the latch cannot catch in exterior objects. When two or more shackles have to be opened simultaneously, the latches are connected together by any suitable operating-arrangement. Abridged also in Classes Chains &c. ; Nails &c. ; Road vehicles ; Ships d'C, Div. Ill, 1881] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1881 683. Anderson, E. li. Feb. 17. [Provisional protectioii oiili/.'l Bits. — Relates to a bridle-bit having a stifl' mouth piece, with cheek-pieces composed of two arms on each ^ide standing at light angles to each other from the mouth piece ; one drum of each cheek-piece to be in a line with the horse's mouth pointing upwards, and attached to the cheek-piece of the bridle ; the other arms at right angles to the mouth of the horse pointing to the rear, and made with rings at the extreme ends to hold the bridle reins. A curb-chain or strap passes from the upper ends of the upright cheek-pieces under the chin of the Imrse. The length of the arms will depend upon the required severity of the bit. 1117. Wilton, H, S., and Weston, H. S. March 15. FI6.I2 Stirj-iq)-'<. — In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the projection A is provided with a heart-shaped groove B and an outlet on each side to receive the studs C on the clip, Fig. 2, which is attached to the stirrup leather, while in a vertical positiori the stirrup hangs upon the lower studs, which enter the indents in the central pieces within the grooves as shown, so that if inclined both studs escape by the outlets B^. Modi- fications are shown and described in which the studs are formed upon the stirrup and kept in position in grooves in the clip by springs. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, the back of the tread is formed with a roller D which, while not interfering with the hold of the foot on the tread in riding, facilitates its release when the rider is thrown. SadcUe-hars.— The form of saddle- bar described in Specification No. 5079, A.D. 1879, is modified as shown in Fig. 12, in which the flap C bears against a projection E, the spring D being placed at the back. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 14, A is a hook projecting from the bar, and B is a spring flap to which is attached the flap C of any size up to that of the skirt, in which it may be embedded, so that the weight of the rider's leg keeps the flap over the hook. The flap and hook meet in a diagonal line at the angle that the buckle would assume when the rider is dragged. A combination of these two forms is shown and described. Ladies'' saddles. — The near side head, of ordinary constriaction, is pivoted at its base and held in position by a spring. On the habit becoming caught the resistance of the spring is overcome and the head folds down and releases the habit and returns to position again. A stop prevents the movement of the head in the wrong direction. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 24, the head (near side or leaping) A is pivoted at B and provided with a yielding end D secured by four radial pins E' resting in slots in the case F. On the tilting of the end D, the locking-bolt C is depressed through the agency of the rods G^ &c., and the head released free to tiarn on its pivot at B. The yielding end is protected from any pressure on the one side by the extension of the head A above the top of the case F. In a modification, the head is mounted on its base B' by a universal joint, the l)olt 0 being in the head and connected by a lever to the rod G^ In the airangement shown in Fig. 28, the yielding end is connected to the leaping head A by an universal joint F which has passing through it a rod G formed at its end with a ball G' embraced in a socket in the bolt C. Pressure on the yielding end in either direction, as shown in Figs. 29 and 31 (the latter a plan view), withdrav,s the bolt C and releases the head. Modifications are shown and described, ;^0 1881] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1881 1145. Nawrocki, C5-. W. von, [Nostitrj, con, cd Jae»cl-emJorf, G. 11'. 11'.]. March IG. [Provisional protectio)i onln.'] Bitx. — Relates to means for preventing the animal bringing the tongne over the mouthpiece of the bit when broken. Each hoop of a double hoop of steel forms an eyelet through which passes the mouthpiece on wliich the hoops are capable of turning. The two ends of each hoop are also pro- vided with eyelets, the lower ends being connected with eacli other directly like the two holes of the mouthpiece, while the upper ends are joined to- gether by a short link or a hook closed by a screw. The upper pai-ts of the hoops are fitted with small chains, steel bars, or wire netting, so that the horse c^mnot pass his tongue through the hoops. The upper part of the hoop is connected right and feft with the extremities of the cheek by small chains, or the parts of the mouthpiece on which the hoop turns are provided with projections to allow only a limited rotary motion of the hoop. 1573. G-rimes, B. J. April 11. [Provisional protectio)i only.'] IlarnesH fastening. — Relates to a slip-hook. An enclosing frame-piece, pivoted at one end, has the upper end of the pivoted side engaging in a recess in the top shoulder, where it is secured by a collar piece witli spring catch. On actuating the catch and the collar the pivoted link is released. Abiidged also in Classes Nails &c. ; Ships &c., Dir. III. 1636. Dovey, P. April 14. [Provisional protection only.] Saddle-har. — Attached to the saddle - tree by means of a plate or foot is a staple having a notch formed on its upper part, the lower portion being furnished with a depending stem. The saddle-bar is of U'^orm provided with a spring clip at the bottom pai't to effect the escipe of the stirrup leather, the upper arm carrying a loop piece on which it can freely turn. The upper portion is shaped to take into the notch in the head of the staple on the saddle-tree, and an opening in the centre of the loop is made to suit the contour of the staple over which it is placed when in position, and from which it can be released should a rider fall on either side. A spring clip is placed on each side of the loop to lock it upon the staple when the spring bar is in its place on the saddle. 1797. G-oodrick, J. April 26. Halters and reins. — Relates to a method of forming eyes for halters and ropa reins. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the two ends of the web a forming the halter a^-e doubled back at b and brought together, and cord, h.rse hide or wire passed through them several times to form a loop on each side of the united ends. These loops are '' whipped " together as shown at c or they may be twisted or plaited. The union of the web ends may be made more secure by sewing or riveting. Metal staples may be used, their Fiu-. .' ends being turned over as shown at li, . Eyci for ropo reiui arc formed similarly FIG8 FIG 2. to that shown in Fig. 2, the inner cords being passed through an opening in the rope. A. T/i.f [Bariquand c5 Son]. iWSiftl FSC I '^y 1333. Clark, April 29. Horse (to. clipper. — A piece // is secured to the mulercomb and a piece r/' is pivoted at /.■ to tlif undei'comb and engages with the movable cutter in the usual way. Each lever terminates in an ear, provided with a re- cess /, Fig. 5, and pro- jection g, which engage respectively with studs e and recesses d on the parts ., [Fleischlmuer, H.]. July 5. Harness fastening. — Re- lates to means for discon- necting the traces from a vehicle in the event of the horse running away or falling. Fig. 2 shows one arrangement. The trace a is passed through a horizon- tal slot formed in a metal bracket c secured on each end of a fixed splinter bar. A hole is formed in the trace and in the slot below it to receive a vertically-slid- ing pin b having a stud which bears upon the helical face of a cam E, the pin being forced dosvawards by a spring h. On turning the cam by a lever, the pin is raised and the trace released. For recon necting the trace, a lever m having a stud n is pivoted on the top of the bracket, so that, on the pin b being raised, the lever can be moved by a handle I to bring the stud beneath the head of the pin. For releasing both traces simultaneously, the actuating-levers are connected by a rod, one of the levers being extended to foi'm a handle. In the case of double harness the connecting rods are coupled by a link so that all four traces can be released simultaneously. In a modification as applied to a pivoted splinter-bar, the slot for receiving the trace is formed vertically, the sliding pin also carrying a cam to bear against the helical face of another cam which is rotated by a lever, the latter being connected by a link with bell-crank levers. Abridged also in Class Roctcl rehicles. 3017. Haddan, K. J., [DupJaut, D.]. July 9. \_Provisional protection only.'] Collars. — The hames are provided with a hinged upper frame capable of lateral extention or con- traction, and with an under frame with eye-holes and thumb-screw whereby it may be lengthened or shortened and fixed in the desired position. The draw hook is fixed in a slot with rectangular projections so as to be capable of vertical adjustment. 3? 1881] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1881 3090. Schreiber, W. P. D. July 15. Saddles, ladies'. To prevent wringing or twisting under the weight of the rider, and at the same time dis- pense with the usual balance straps, an addi- tional point is provided on the ofi: side as shown at /, Fig. 1. An addi- tional point may also be employed on the near side if desired. 3444. Walker, W. Aug. 9. fic.s Harness, fasten hi g. — Relates to means for disconnecting the shafts and traces in case of accident or the horses running away. In one form the ends of the frame of the f orecarriage are formed with jaws B having slotted holes in which the shafts C are pivoted by bolts D, the traces being slipped over the ends of the bolts. At E^ are pivoted two bent levers E the front ends of which are formed with jaws having slots for embracing the bolts, the inner ends being formed with slots to receive pins F' on a nut working on a screwed spindle Gr. By turning this spindle by a crank handle G^ the bent arms of the levers are lowered, the other arms being at the same time raised to lift the bolts out of the slots, thereby releasing the shafts and traces. In another form as applied to both single and double harness, the shafts are pivoted to short pieces which are then pivoted in the jaws B, and on which is fixed the splinter-bar, the slots being formed the reverse way to that described above as the splinter-bar prevents the upward movement of the levers. On releasing the bolts, the splinter-bar with the pole, or the splinter-bar with the shafts and traces, are detached from the vehicle. Abridged also in Class Eoad vehicles. 3468. Curtis, G. Aug. 10. / > * Saddle-hars.— The arm A, which supports the stirrup leather, is pivoted to the plate B at a and has a vertical and horizontal joint at c. The free end of this rests in the hooked end a^ of the arm D pivoted at b and governed by an internal spring E the end e of which enters into a notch / in the cam-shaped end of the said arm D. The bar is secured to the saddle-tree by screws at h, 7i, h, h, thus mcreasing the strength of the said tree. The P 7807 33 dotted lines in Fig. 1 show the position the parts will assume when the rider is thrown in any direc- tion. The force of the spring is greatest when the parts are in the position shown at Fig. 3. 3849. Archibald, J. Sept. 5. [Provisional protection onlyj] Nosebags for animals. The mouth of the bag is partially covered by a ring of india-rubber or other material having an inner downward flange which permits of the insertion of the animal's nose but prevents loss of grain when the animal tosses its head. Small holes are provided for ventilation and the cover is strengthened by fillets of leather or other material. 3971. 3>Eewburii, J. C, [Dariau, J.]. Sept. 14. ^Provisional protection onhi.'\ Holding animals. — Relates to appliances for se- curing horses and other animals and placing them in a lying position to facilitate surgical operations. The apparatus consists of a vertical iron frame, the two main parts of which are connected by stays, and of a platform fixed by collars to a horizontal shaft carrying a toothed sector at each end. The sectors are actuated by endless screws worked by means of bevel - wheels and pinions by a shaft fitted with crank handles. "The animal is strapped to the vertical platform, which is then turned down. The frame is provided with rollers arranged to run on rails and fixed when the apparatus is in use. 4245. Furdon, E. Sept. 30. [Provisional protection only.'] Stirrups &c. — Relates to a curved plate shaped to fit the instep of the rider's foot, whereby he may obtain a firmer seat. In one form the curved plates are adjustable on bars attached to each under flap of the saddle and connected at their lower ends by a girth strap. In another form the arched plate constitutes part of the stirrup and the two stirrups are held firmly by a girth strap. The in- vention is said to be suitable for learners, for riding, breaking and training horses, and for military purposes. 4522. Spence, R. Oct. 17. Saddle-bars.— The ordinary stirrup bar D^ Figs. 2 and 3, has above it an additional bar D, which takes into the groove E, Fig. 5« , in a pair of rotating journals C, C ; these journals are carried in hook- like bearings B, B, attached to the plate A, which is secured to the tree of the saddle. The two bear- ings are connected and their rotation limited by the shoulders J, J' of the flanges of one bearing coming in contact with the stop pin I, and they are 1881] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HAENESS &c. [1881 held in any desired position, such as in Fig. 3, which is the position for use when riding, by a spring washer c, but when forcibly rotated in the direction of the arrow they stop in the position for the release of the bar D through the openings in the bearings B B. 4834. Dickinson, K. Nov. 4. Harness, fasten- ing &c. — Relates to means for rapidly harnessing horses to shaft ve- hicles. Tlie trace and breech strap are attached, pre- ferably by spring slip-hooks, to tbe links K, K of the tug B, which is slipped over the shaft S and secured by a fastening consisting of an L'Piece E, and a hinged arm G ; this arm is brought to position by the spring H, acting on th.e pin J and it -also engages a notch F in the L-piece. The portion of the ordinary trace between the tug and the front part of the vehicle is done away with. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 4946. Morris, C. F. C; and Sennett, r. ». Nov. 11. Har7iess, fastening. — Relates to modifications of r-pparatus described in Specifications No. 1389, A.D. 1879, and No. 1265, A.D. 1881. The part B pivots at C, and is held when locked by the spring bolt E. The body A of the hook is recessed as shown by the dotted line to take the end B^ of the part B, and the short part A^ is slotted right through. In order that the strain may come directly on the pivot C and not on the spring bolt, the centres of the pivot C and the spring bolt E are not in the same plane. A recess d is formed in the side of the eye D to facilitate it passing the spring bolt. The spring bolt, which may for facilitating the release of heavy loads be slightly taper, is provided with a hole c to take a ring and line or other operating-attachment. The head F has a hole / formed through it for a shackle or other connection ; it may be formed with a cross piece for attachment to the spring bar of a wagon, or it may form part of the pole head itself. In another form the part B is made to form one half of the actual link, when locked. This kind of link may be made the same shape as the rings now used for harness, and of such a shape that the straps or chains when released will glide away without injury. Abridged also in Classes thains d-c. ; Nails <&c. ; Railway d:c. vehicles ; Road vehicles ; 8hips <&c., Div. III. F!C. 5038. Cruillaume, F. Nov. 17. H orse., do g, cC; c . clippers. — The lever a bears against the pres- sure plate at its forked end and the limb b at the other end, and has an opening at its centre through which th& screw pin d passes. On the tightening of the nut/ the tightening of the clipper is effected. The clipper may together. be readily taken apart and put Abridged alsv^ in Class Toilet &c. 5349. Kutton T. R. Dec. 7. \_Provisional protection only."] Clipping and shearing mac}ime.^-S)ne or more radial blades are fitted on a shaft which is rotated; or reciprocated by steam or other power. Th( frame carrying the bearings for the shaft is pro- vided with prongs or bars, which are pressec against the hide, so that the wool or hair projectf between them, and is cut off by the blade oi blades. Abridged also in Class Toilet &c. 5471. Iioveday, T. Dec. 11. Drawing* t( Specification. Collars for horses &c. — Collars are made to fi the animal by having springs and pads of hair o other material as used by upholsterers between thi body and the lining of the collar. In one form tin body is made of straw quilted flat with a forewaJii as usual for the hames ; in another form it consist; of a metal frame covered with leather and havinj; a series of hooks instead of a f orewale to hold th M 1881] ABUIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1882 liaraes ; or the metal body may be left uncovered, polished, plated, or otherwise ornamented, and have two draw hooks attached for the traces, thereby dispensing with hames altogether. 5607. Zender, C. Dec. 22. [Provisional protection onlt/.'] Dog. collars. — Locks for "dog collars, money bags, ■" gloves, and other objects," including garters and shoe ties. The lock consists of two parts of sheet metal riveted one on each end of the article to be united. One of the parts has its edges bent up so I as to form a sheath for the other part or tongue. In. the edges are holes wherein two catches engage : the catches turn on studs which are riveted on the tongue. A spring presses the catches outwards for closing the lock. To protect the mechanism a metal cover plate is provided : in it are slots through which the upturned ends of the catches can pass. For gloves, garters, &c., these upturned ends carry outside the cover plate little knobs, which are seized with the fingers to open the lock, thus dispensing with two crossed levers or a wire triangle described as used for other articles. Abridged also in Classes Fastenings, Lock &c. ; Wearing-apparel , Div. IV. A.D. 1882. 293. McILenny, J. Jan. 20. Hooh fastening. — Two hooks A, A with straight legs work at the •centre on a pivot B, so that when •closed they overlap and form a •complete link. A ring C is mounted on the straight legs of iihe hook, so that when it is drawn towards the pivot the hook legs ■<;an be separated, but when moved :near the ends the hook will be' securely locked. Abridged also in Class Nails cDc. FIG I 39?. lake, W. R., [JoMson, E. TT.]. Jan. 26. Terrets and reins. — A ball B is secured to each guide -rein and the terrets affixed to the saddle have openings C which will allow the balls to pass, and cup-like sockets A facing towards the driver, which will engage the balls but allow freedom to the reins. The balls are adjustable on the reins and are conveniently made in halves connected by screws which also pass through the reins, or in the case of round reins the halves may be d "vetailed together and held on the reins by set- screws. These balls may be engaged with, or dis- engaged from, the sockets at the will of the driver, p 7807 ^: flC3 rsf], and when engaged prevent the horse from lowering his head too much, from tossing it too much from side to side, and from turning corners too sharply. 860. Archibald, J. Feb. 22. [Provisional protection only.'] Nosebags. — To prevent loss of grain the mouth of the bag is partially covered with a flat ring of india-rubber or other material, the inside of which is flanged downwards. The ring is strengthened with fillets of leather and is provided with ven- tilating-holes. 945. Reed, J. !•. Feb. 27. Saddle- bars. — Relates to a form of saddle- bar from which the stirrup- leather is readily freed in case of a rider being thrown from his horse. The stirrup-leather is supported on the bar a, the rear end of which is bent downwards and for- wards, forming the curved portion a', a' and ter- minating in the ear a* ; the bar is attached to the saddle-tree by means of the ears «-, a^, and a*. In case of a backward pull on the stirrup the leather slips off the bar a, and if it be thrown over the back of the horse it slides ofE the curved part a'. c 2 1882} ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1882 982. Sharpley, C. P. March 1. Saddle-cover. — A cover of flexible material is attached and arranged in front of the saddle so that it may be unfolded to protect the legs and lower part of the body of a rider, and also protect the saddle when unoccupied. Abridged also in Classes Furniture tCc. ; Road veJiicles. 1107. Wheaton, r. March 7. Stuffing-material for horse-collars dec. — The bark is obtained from cotton stalks by crushing them between rollers or by retting ; it is then dried and passed between corrugated rollers, and the fibre obtained by carding or heckling. This fibre can be used for stuffing horse-collars &c. Abridged also in Classes Furniture &c. / Paper d'C. ; Ropes &c. ; Spinning ; Weaving &c. 1491. Oldmeadow, J. March 28. Saddle-hars. — Relates to p , j- an improvement in the safety saddle-bar described in Specification No. 5477, A.D. 1880. The improve- ment consists in dispensing with the spring in the ver- tical bar h and the slot in which it was placed ac- cording to the Specification referred to, and in splitting the horizontal bar e from its free end A towards its hinged end / whereby it is converted into a spring which maintains it in its position in the eye g of the vertical bar h until subjected to an undue strain by the stirrup-strap being pulled backwards against the bar &, as in the case of the rider being thrown. 1509. Kickisson, J. March 29. ^Provisional protection only.'] Riding-ioliip &c. — The handle consists of two hollow parts screwing together. The lower part encloses a porcelain tube containing a small pile or battery, the poles of which are connected to insulated metal blocks. The exciting liquid is supplied through an orifice in the handle having a screw cap. The upper part of the handle carries a contact bar or armature on a pin or shank termi- nating in a metal knob, stud, button or plate which presses the contact bar on to the blocks when depressed by the hand against the action of a spring, thus giving the user a shock. The action may be produced by the ferrule. Abridged also in Classes Electricity &c., Div. I. ; Medicine &c. ; Umbrellas &c. 1521. 2M[ewburn, J. C, \Goulet, P. ^.1. March 29. \_Provisional protection only.] Bits and bridles. — The bit has branches, to the lower of which the ordinary reins are attached, the upper ones being acted on by an additional pair of upper reins through levers or sectors pivoted to metallic side pieces carried by the nose-band and cheek-straps, the sectors having hooks which engage the upper branches of the bit. The object of the device is to urge the horse forward by caus- ing the bit to press against its upper jaw when the upper reins are pulled. If both pairs of reins are puUed together the bit is pressed against the lower jaw and checks the horse in the ordinary way. 1961. Ziake, H. H., [ia Grange, R. J.]. April 25. [^Provisional jy^'otection only.] Horse-hlinlcers. — A roller blind for covering the eyes of the horse is actuated by cords leading to the driver ; or the re-winding to uncover the eyes may be done by a spring roller. Two blinds on separate rollers which may be geared together may be used, one for each eye ; the rollers are attached to the ornament which hangs from the brow band. 2043. Kenson, I., and Kail, E. April 29. j [Provisional protection only.] Bits and reins. — An ordinary curb bit is modified' as follows : — The mouthpiece is able to turn in the side cheeks and is provided with arms at its ends to receive an additional rein. Stops are pro- vided and so arranged that the curb rein operates in the usual manner and moves the side cheeks and mouthpiece as if they were fast together, but by the additional rein a further rotation of the mouth- piece is produced, a spring returning it to position, when the pull is relaxed. 2173. Wrig-ht, E. May 9. [Provisional protection only.] Releasing fallen liorses. — A shackle is attached to the horse's collar and to a body-part, and also to a, link or clip. To the body-part, free to move, is attached a hook or arm formed to take into the link or clip, a space being left between the body- part and hook or arm to admit the chain. The hook or arm is acted upon by a spring which keeps the clip and chain in position. When the hook or arm is pressed it flies back and releases the chain. Stated to be applicable for other purposes requiring a seciu-e hook and instant release. Abridged also in Class Nails &c. 2350. Kaddan, ». J., [Fesch, R., & Co.]. May 18. [Provisional protection only.] Collars. — The bolster is attached by screws to a metallic skeleton made from several bands forming a hinge at the top of the collar and a lock at the bottom. The hinge pieces are toothed on one side- which is placed adjacent to a correspondingly toothed part of the skeleton plates ; a bolt passing- through slots formed in both parts secures them. 36 1882] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1882 in position when adjusted. The lock consists of two hinged pieces, a toothed strap and a bolt moved by a spring button. The upper hinges are x3onnected by a bolt, bearing a bracket for orna- ments. The sides of the skeleton may be united by an adjustable hinged fish-plate. 2443. Collis, C. P. May 24. [Proi-isional protection only.'] Horse dr. cVqipers. — A cam "with an inclined face, or a disc in an inclined position upon its shaft, when caused to rotate communicates reciprocating motion to the cutters. Clockwork, a flexible end- less band from a rotating shaft, or the friction of rollers upon the surface to be cut, may be employed to actuate the mechanism. Abridged also in Class Agricultural appliances for the treatment of land Sc. 2858. Garden, R. S. June 17. Saddle-hars. — The arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is constructed of two parts, the hook 8 secured to the saddle-tree by parts 5, and the saddle- bar proper suspended thereon by a slot. The slotted limb 1 is of greater depth than thickness above the slot, so that it cannot leave the hook 8 unless turned upwards to a certain angle. The lower limb 13 is provided with a tipping-lever 14 retained in position by a spring 17. The method of converting an ordinary saddle bar is described and claimed. 2988. Powell, W. June 23. Relates to bridles^ halters, bits, shaft-tugs, and back and belly bands. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 0 the rein B may be connected by the ring ime,F., etCie.l. Feb. 17. \_Provisio)U(I xjrotection onhj.'\ Horse dippers. — The ordinary tightening-up lever is dispensed with and two projections of T-form on the fixed . cutter-bar engage in two T-shaped holes or tenons in the pressure plate. The shanks of these projections take into two longitudinal holes in the movable cutter. Two screws passing through the pressure plate press against the body of the apparatus and convert the pressure plate into a lever supported by the lower face of the head of the tenon. The action of the screws causes the upper part of the plate to bear against the movable cutter, which it tightens against the fixed bar. Abridsred also in Class Toilet d-c. 959. Tong-ue, J. G-., [Curtis, Z).]. Feb. 21. Collar and saddle pads. — A is the body of the pad, constructed of leather or like flexible ma- terial. B is a strip of metal — preferably zinc — embedded in the pad and secured thereto, afiiording a cool, smooth, and remedial bearing for the neck &c. of the animal. 1008. I.amplug-h, J. A. Feb. 24. Saddles for horse-riding, bicycles, tricycles, &c., the invention being described in reference to a bicycle saddle. The seat is formed without any internal rigid support being of strong leather, stuffed in the ordinary way. A portion of the saddle a is cut away at the rear part as shown at h to remove pressure from the rectum and spine of the rider, and to permit the saddle to yield on either side to which the rider may incline. Abridged also in Class Velocipedes. 43 1883] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1883 1039. Iiake, W. R., [Lettstrdm, (?.]. Feb. 27. [Provisional protection only.'] Tethering animals ; clog-chain ci'C. — A chain is contained in a cylinder, the ends being connected to the two covers, which are provided with rings or catches, one to be attached to the horse's bridle and the other secured to a post or the like to secure the horse. One ring may he attached to the collar of a dog and the other to a staple &c. For lead- ing a dog, the cylinder, with one cover in place is held in the hand. The apparatus may be modi- fied for use as a coupling for other purposes. Abridged also in Class Chains dx. r., [PicJchardt, G^.]. 1078. Wirth, Feb. 27. Traces. — The form shown in Fig. 7 consists of thick spiral springs / directly screwed into each other to form bands of any required width, which may be rolled flat. Abridged also in Classes Beverages ; Buildings &c. ; Fencing &c. ; Furniture (&c.; Hinges &c. ; Lifting d-c; Mechanism dc. ; Ships dc, Div. I. f:G.7. 1289. Iiake, W. R., IPersson, J.]. March 10. [Provisional protection only.'] Stirrups. — The tread is movable upon pivots in the bow. Two movable bars, jointed to the tread and pressed together at their upper ends by a spring acting on their lower ends, constitute a second bow. Against this the foot of the rider is pressed when he is unhorsed, whereupon the ends separate and release his foot. A movable loop for the stirrup leather is provided on the main bow. I, n., 1359. Hill, R., and Pollitt, W. March 14. ^f-D.it. nc 3. .. Pole-chain fa.^tenings for facilitating attaching and releasing horses. — In one arrangement, Fig. 1, a metal socket B which is fixed on the end of the pole is formed with projections E to correspond with similar projections J on a swivel piece C, thus forming eyes to receive the chain rings G-. The swivel piece is also formed with a rib I to engage a recess in the end of the socket B and is retained therein by a spring K bearing against a nut L as shown. On withdrawing the swivel piece from the recess by its handle, it is rotated to attach or release the horses and is retained in that position by the spring. In another arrangement, Fig. 3, applied beneath the socket, a hook Q is pivoted on a pin S and is formed with a shoulder to engage the head P of a spring stud 0. On withdrawing the stud, the head P is disengaged from the shoulder of the hook which then falls to the position shown in dotted lines to release the chain. Abridged also in Class Road vehicles. 1361. G-aussen, D. March 14. [Provisional protection otily.] Collars. — Collars for horses and other animals are made of steel plate or plates, or other metallic substance " grooved," or otherwise united, and cut or stamped to the required form. The whole or part may or may not be covered with leather or the like, or patent corrugated india-rubber (Specifi- cation No. 3377, A.D. 1880), or enamelled or japanned. The traces may be attached by spring hooks or otherwise. 1881. Edwards, E., [Deschamps, 0. AJ], April 13. [Provisional protection only.] Kneecaps. — A leather disc is formed of three pieces, the two outer ones of hard leather of con- cave shape connected together by a third strip of soft leather folded so that when its edges are sewn to those of the said concave pieces, the three form together a jointed cap. This is mounted as usual on a piece of cloth or leather and provided with two straps and bvickles attached to the edges of the concave pieces, the lower one being provided with a pad or cushion. FIG.5. 1893. Combault, A. April 14. Harness, fastening. — Re- lates to a stud and eyelet fastener. It consists of two parts, namely, a stud. Fig. 1*, having a spherical or flattened-spherical head and an eyelet-hole 5 ; the latter contains a spring of steel or other elastic metal, and its shape is shown in the sheets of drawings attached to .the Specification. The in- ternal diameter of the central part of the spring is somewhat smaller than that of the stud head. The spring is fitted into a flat metal ring. Two slots are formed on two opposite points on the same side of the circumference of the ring. The spring is placed on the ring, its two ends resting in two slots. Another flat ring (correspondingly slotted or not) is placed on the first ring and the spring ; the spring is thus held between the rings, the slots being of sufficient depth to prevent the ends of the springs from being squeezed between the rings. When the stud-head is pressed into the eyelet-hole the spring is forced open by the pres- sure and closes again round the neck of the stud- head. Modifications of the shape of the spring and of the eyelet-hole are described. Abridged also in Classes Fastenings, Loch &c. ; Hinges dc. ; Wearing -apparel, Div. IV. ; Writing- instrmyients dc. 44 1883] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HABNESS &c. [1883 2024. Smith, April 20. T. G.< and Brook, Side saddles. — The crutch D is pivoted at C to the part B of a universal joint, thi'ough a slot in which the piece c^ of the crutch passes and bears in a groove e^ in the block e^ formed on the end of the spring E. On the rider being thrown, her dress becoming entangled with the crutch, turns it down against the spring, to the position shown, when it is free to revolve in the casing a to liberate the dress. The spring E may be connected to a lever supporting one end of the saddle-bar, so that on the depression of the crutch the stirrup-leather will be released. 2054. Hargrave, J. April 23. Cleaninc) harness, hootSjd-c. — A stan- dard a carries two arms on which rotating spindles h, e are mounted horizontally. Each spindle car- ries a brush ; two pairs of brushes are required, the one for removing the dirt, the other for polishing, and they are screwed on the spindles so as to be readily changeable. Both brushes of a pair act simultaneously and are arranged to approach and recede from each other, the upper arm d being pivoted on the standard and stops preventing their too close approach. The apparatus is worked by a hand- wheel or by foot or other power, and pulleys and bands. Suitable rests ?i, 0, p and a guard q are provided, also a covering of felt or india-rubber for the hand of the operator for insertion in a boot or shoe ; or a last may be inserted for the same purpose. In a modification, instead of changing the brushes the apparatus has four spindles driven from a common source, one pair carrying dirt brushes, and the other polishing- brushes. In another modification, three rotating spindles are used, placed vertically. The central one occupies a fixed position, and the others are carried by spring-held pivoted arms so that they can approach or recede from it, and the brushes are detachable or changeable. Four spindles may be used, the inner spindles being fixed^ and the outer ones movable. Abridged also in Classes BnisJiing &c. ; Food &c. ; Metals and allays; Washing &c. ; Wearing- apparel, Div. III. 2065. Redfern, G. P., [Wilson, W. C.l. April 24. ^ [Provisional protection only.'] Harness, fastening. — Relates to a fastening or coupling applicable for fastening traces to vehicles, hames to collars, straps, belts, bridles, saddles, and belly-bands, &c. It is formed of two portions, one consisting of a hollow cylinder and the other being formed of two spring plates attached to each other, and to which a spruig may be added when required. " The upper plate has its ends turned " over to form a button or catch," or a solid button may be secured thereto. By pressing the ends of this contrivance by the thumb and finger it can be introduced into the cylindrical portion, and thus by pressure towards either end the buttons will force themselves through either opening by the spring action thus formed, the length of the attachment is regulated, such telescopic motion having the effect of adjusting the length of the article connected to the coupling. Projecting flanges on the attachment may be secured by eye- lets to the article to be fastened. The male portion may be formed of pieces of steel each having its ends turned upon itself ; two such plates are fastened together so far as they run parallel, the ends ai'e then curved to form a cuneiform figure and the bent ends are hardened to form a spring, so that in passing telescopically into the female portion the buttons are passed through the circular opening next which it first presents itself and can be released only by pressure from the sur- face of the coupling. There may be in some cases tw^o sets of holes on either face of the female portion. Abridged also in Classes Electricity Sc, Div. III. ; Fastenings, Lock &c. ; Railway &c. vehicles / Ropes ci-c. ; Wearing-aj)parel, Divs. II. and IV. 2207. Nawrocki, G. W. von, [Wille, G.]. May 1. Drawings to Sp)ecification. BUnhers. — Two spring roller blinds, the cases of which are attached to the bridle behind the horse's eyes, may be drawn over the eyes by cords com- municating therewith and passing to the driver. Both blinds, coiled on the same or separate shafts, may be placed in one case placed between the horse's eyes. 2257. Edwards, E., Relates to removable padding &c. for collars, belly-bands, bits, saddle-pads, reins, blinkers, back straps and breeching, &c. Figs. 1 , 2, and 5 illustrate a form of collar in which the padding is secured by a number of straps a, by the tightening or loosening of which the collar may be adjusted to the required size. The straps a aie sewn to the inner leather h and secured to the yokes B by buckles c. Loops d, Fig. 5, formed on a leather band running above and below the covering of the yoke, assist to retain the padding. A [Grandy, P. J.]. May 3. FIG.5 4& 1883] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1883 separate pad e is secured by straps/, laces (j fastened to the buckle J, and four straps 7i, Fig. 2 ; the straps i regulate the width of the collar. Leather bands m^ Fig. 2, are fitted to the iron bolts I and hooks m. This principle is stated to be applicable to the following parts of harness — " belly-band, " bit, saddle pad, reins, blinkers, back strap and " breeching " to which protecting flaps are applied wherever liable to wear. 2279. Ratcliffe, E., and Sealy, O. May 4. \_Provlskmal protection only.'] Saddle-hars. — A bar, free to revolve in its bear- ings, bears a spiral groove, into which projects a fixed point, so that in revolving the bar also travels longitudinally in its bearings. To this bar is hinged a small bar to which is fixed a bar parallel to the first-mentioned bar, and to this is hinged a second small bar nearly parallel to the first small bar. The free end of this small bar is, by a spring at its hinge, arranged to bear against the bearing of the first-mentioned bar, the extremity of which, projecting beyond its bearing, enters a recess in the free end of the second small bar. The stirrup leather is secured within the loop formed by the said four bars. On the lifting of the loop the first- mentioned bar is caused to rotate and its end is thereby withdrawn from the recess in the second small bar, when the three sides of the loop can be turned on the hinged connection with the first bar and the stirrup leather released. 2302. Clarke, J. W. May 7. Saddle-hars. — The hooked plate a, a^ is secured to the saddle-tree and is provided with a spring catch b, which enters a recess in the portion c of the detachable hinged portion 0, c^ to the bar c^ of which the stirrup leather is attached. The top edge a'' of the hook o' is provided with pro- jections at each end io prevent the detachable portion slipping off too easily. Undue pressure, forward, backward, or over the top of the saddle disconnects the parts. 2548. Bavis, S. May 22. \_Procisional protection oidy.] Saddle-bars. — Attached to the saddle-tree is a box or slotted piece, open at both ends and at the bottom. The bottom part and ends are shaped at a certain angle so as to retain or release at certain points an attachment which fits between the slotted piece and swings like a pendulum, such action agreeing with the angles of the slotted piece, giving ingress or egress at the points required, i.e. when the rider is thrown. The lower part of the attachment is formed into a crank-shaped boss, on each side of which is a stop pin, in which crank piece another crank piece is inserted, working freely, having at its lower part a loop with a roller which carries the stirrup leather, and forming one piece working in the said crank-shaped boss. This remains steady until the stirrup leather is thrown over the saddle, when the loop travels round the crank under the pins until it reaches their upper part, and is released and becomes freed from the pendulum piece. 2610. Iiehmann, O., \_Weissyerber, F.]. May 25. \_Provisional protection only.] Glrths.^A pair of elastic bands, preferably of steel, covered with leather or like material and provided at their free end with an ordinary strap - joint, are secured to the saddle-tree and pass under the right and left saddle flap over the body of the horse. One band is longer than the other so that the joint is at the side of the horse. 2611. Born, May 25. FlGl FIG 3 I, K. Saddle - bars. — In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the " ci-ank piece " A, provided with a cam and shown detached in Figs. 3 and 4, is suspended upon the hook piece E, attached to the saddle - tree, from which it is re leased on the rider being thrown over the saddle. Into the tubular portion D of the " crank " piece " is inserted one arm of the stirrup-bar C, retained in position by the spring thumb-piece B, which however is overcome by the backward strain when the rider is dragged. 2627. Hunt, R. W. May 26. \_Provisional protection oidy.] Saddle-hars. — A metal piece in the form of a pocket open at the top is secured to the saddle. In this is suspended a disc or hook to which the swivel for the stirrup-strap is attached. The disc or hook is released from the stirrup-bar if the puU thereon . be in any other than a downward or partially downward dii-ection. 46 1883] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1883 2659. Davies, S. B. May 29. Shaft-tugs. — A is the metallic body of the tug, •secured by the buckle C, D to the back band, which also passes through the loops H. F is a replacable bed of leather or metal, a piece of leather I also being attached where the tug rubs against the saddle. The buckle is preferably countersunk for the ends of the bolt E. When the said bolt hole wears the metal is cut away and a bridge piece brazed or riveted over the bolt. In this case a bolt soHd with the buckle may be used and bridge pieces placed through it. Modifications are shown and described. 2841. Dancer, Sir T. June 7. FlGl FIG4. Saddle-bars.— The plate a is provided with a pro- jection h, the front part being inclined at e and the hind part curved at /, while the upper part is re- cessed to receive the buckle c of the stirrup leather cZ, which is retained in position by the pro- jecting end i of the spring g, which nearly meets the edge of the projection b. Should the rider be thrown off on the opposite side, the spring i will give and release the buckle c. Should the rider be dragged, the buckle c, acting against the cam-shaped part e, will press against and raise the spring i and be thereby released. 3121. Passmore, J., June 23. and Cole, E. C. FIC.I. Saddle -bars. — The bar B is suspended by two staples passed through its upper limb and secured to the plate C. Towards the rear end of the lower limb is pivoted the crank - shaped thumb- piece D, one arm of which normally lies below the stirrup leather A. In the event of the rider falling backwards, the thumb-piece D is turned on its pivot, against the spring d, and re- leases the leather. Should the rider be thrown over the saddle, the bar B is first turned upward on the staples, and the thumb-piece D then forced by the leather A, as aforesaid, and the leather i-eleased. In a modification, the rear end of the upper limb travels in an elongated slot on the rider being thrown over the saddle. 3145. Ziake, H. K., [Ilattemann, G., and WacJcerow^ C.]. June 25. Saddle cloths are formed of a fabric of woven or braided horsehair bordered with leather, cloth, or india-rubber tissue. To enable the application of short horsehair the cloths are made in halves joined together by a seam or by pasting upon them a band of cloth, leather, or india-rubber. Over the adjoining edges is pasted, preferably by means of india-rubber putty, a band of strong texture, and above this is pasted a band of india-rubber tissue. This operation is repeated upon the opposite side of the cloth and the whole stitched through at the edges. Abridged also in Class Weaving c&c. 3249. BXorg-an, J. A. June 30. [^Provisional protection only.'] Pads made of waterproof material that can be inflated with air are applied to saddles, collars, and harness generally. 3250. Rees-Philipps, ZZ. June 30. Saddle-bars. — In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the saddle-bar e, d is pivoted to the plate a by the inclined pin e, and is limited in its movement by the stops g, h. In its normal position, the upper face is ^nearly horizontal and the stirrup- leather resting thereon is retained by the shoulder c* •47 1883] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &g. [1883 at the forward end and the slightly turned up extremity at the rear end, which latter, however, is not sufficient to prevent the leather slipping off in the event of the rider falling back. Should the rider be thrown forward, or across the horse the bar is turned on its pivot e, which being inclined FIG II to the face of the plate a causes the bar to move outwards and so prevent the leather wedging between the bar and the plate. In a modification, two short bars turning in opposite directions are obliquely pivoted, as before described, to one plate, their free ends bearing against, and engaging with, each other, one being forked to receive the tongued end of the other as shown at q, r, Fig. 11. 3318. Odell, J. C. July 4. Dmimngs to Specification. Saddle-girths and roller hands. — India-rubber threads are introduced in the course of manufac- ture, thereby affording the girth sufiicient elasticity to adapt itself to variations in the size of the animal's body owing to the digestion of food &c. Abridged also in Class Weaving &c. 3471. aoodman, F. B., Ulinor, F. 0.1. July 13. Fastening hames. — The chain c is connected to the hame a in the usual man- ner, the other end being connected by the swivel junction e to the fastening hook/, g which takes into the loop h hooked to the other hame d. The two members/ and g are jointed together at i and, when closed to fasten the hames, receive the bar h^ of the loop h in the recess /^ in the fork, and the cor- responding recess in the member g. By turning the arm g outwards, as shown, the loop h is quickly disconnected in the case of fallen horses &c. Abridged also in Class Nails &c. FIG 6 3674. Sabatier, J., [BaHqttund, J., dk Son']. July 27. Horse dec. clippers. — The left - hand lever A is in one piece with the guide- plates C, which has a hole for the tighten- ing-bolt D, and on its under surface two guide pins T, Fig. G, and a pivot pin R, Figs. 2 and 6. The bottom comb-plate F has four holes, one for the square end of the bolt D, two for the guide pins T, and one for the pivot pin R, and, with these in place, is fixed to A. The upper comb-plate has three slots, two for the guide pins T and one for the bolt D, and on its back edge a wide notch to receive the end of the right-hand lever B, by which it is made to reciprocate between the guide -plate C and the bottom comb F. Instead of one tightening-bolt two may be used. Abridged also in Class Toilet &c. 4041. Karvey, A., [Thompson, E. W.I.- Aug. 21. [Provisional protection only."] Comhined brush and currycomb. — A flexible brush surface of rubber, leather, &c., shaped to the hand, and with bunches of bristles attached, has loops or straps for fastening round the fingers and wrist, or may be made in glove form. Small currycombs are attached to the loops or backs of the glove fingers and the finger tips may be provided with pickers, preferably of wire loops. Abridged also in Class Brushing &c. 4614. Bennett, W. E. Sept. 28. Horse dx. clippers. — ^Relates to cutters for wool,, hair, &c. A metal comb A has mounted upon it a row of teeth B guided by two pins C and slots D.. Reciprocating motion is given by a driving-bar G, which is driven through gearing by a coiled spring in the drum F. A spring lever H allows the coiled spring to act at will. K is the handle for winding the spring. Instead of having the teeth of the comb A sharp two rows of cutting teeth such as B may be used, one or both of them being di'iven by the mechanism. The handle E may be fixed at the centre of the comb A, the driving mechanism being suitably modified. The length cut from the hair &c. may be regulated. Abridged also in Class Toilet dc. 48 1883] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS Ac. [1883 4659. Morris, C. P. C. Oct. 1. IPi'orisioiial 2}rotc(it'i (to be obtained from any Post Office), no additional charge being made for postage. SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. Abridgments are printed in the chronological order of the Specifications to which they refer, and this index quotes only the year and number of each Speeiflcation. Animal clippers. See Horse clippers og collars, couples, leashes, leaders, and the like. '86. 7940. '87. 5640. 13,278. '88. 12,603. 14,812. hooks for. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. Dog lassos. See Lassos &c. Dog muzzles. See Muzzles &c. Dog slips. See Dog collars &c. Dung or droppings catchers. See Harness «S:c. Girths, Saddle. See Harness &c. Grooming animals. Appliances for. See Harness &c. a 2 stTBJECT-MATfER IXD^X. [idsd Hair clippers. See Horse clippers &c. Halters for animals. See Harness &c. Hames. See Harness &c. Harness and saddlery, [including Clothing for animals] : aprons, waterproof. See Abridgment Class Wearing-apparel, back and belly bands. '85. 4144. '86. 4353. '87. 3060. 17,431. '88. 1281. fastening. See fastening below. bearing-reins. See bridles &c. below. bits. '84. 5569. 9636. 13,081. 13,597. '85. 3337. 7087. 12,713. 12,902. -'56. 6802. 11,434. '87. 11,030. 11,087. 13,958. 15,787. '88. 2898. 11,090. 13,390. 17,392. bits for administering medicines. See Abridg- ment Class Medicine &c. blankets. See clothing for animals below. blindfolding-appliances. See bridles &c. beloio. blinkers. See bridles &c. beloio. boots. See horse-boots beloio. brackets and stands for. '87. 17,360. breast collars. See collars, breast beloio. breeching. '84. 3141. '86. 4353. 14,662. '88. 1281. fastening. See fastening beloio. bridles and halters. '84. 1^1. 4105. 5463. 5569. 6992. 8392. 9636. 10,842. 10,878. 12,074. 13,597. 15,996. '85. 3337. 9523. '86. 11,125. 13,457. 'Sr. 693. 5897. 9359. 11,087. 11,088. 11,206. 13,958. 15,787. '88. 27. 1281. 2898. 2941. 8762. 9824. 10,169. 13,390. 19,012. attaching halters to stalls. See Abridgment Class Buildings &c. fastening. See fastening below. brushes. See Abridgment Class Brushing &c. brushing-apparatus for grooming. '87. 6338. '88. 140. 8799. buckles. See Abridgment Class Fastenings, Dress, choking- apparatus for checking horses. See bridles &c. above. clothing for animals. '85. 4791. '86. 7339. '88. 8759. fabrics for. See Abridgment Classes Fabrics, Dressing &c. ; Weaving &c. fastening. See fastening below. collars, breast. '88. 15,098. 18,901. collars, neck. '84. 3141. 6812. 12,698. '85. 2551. 4732. 5967. 6310. 7633. 10,608. 11,470. 14,209. '86. 7094. 7698. 9078. 13,713. '87. 1295. 2405. 3496. 5764. 9221. 13,138. 13,341. 13,425. 13,597. 15,076. '88. 1281. 4513. 5155. 7260. 11,559. 11,640. 13,343. 15,098. 16,486. 18,901. fastening. See fastening below. combs, [other than currycombs]. '85. 496. 3695. '88. 4196. compositions for dressing. See Abridgment Class Leather, cruppers. See breeching above. ' crutches, saddle. See saddles below. curivcombs. '84. 3023. 3262. 3643. 7193. 7696. 14,857. '87. 16,568. '88. 7968. Harness and saddlery — cont. cutting-machines for. See Abridgment Class Cutting &c. dressing-compositions. See Abridgment Class Leather &c. droppings, devices for catching. '88. 14,406. electric and magnetic. '84. 13,096. fabrics for. See Abridgment Classes Fabrics, Dressing &c. ; Waterproof &c. fabrics ; Weav- ing &c. fallen horses, fastenings for releasing. See fastening beloio. fastening — back and belly bands. '85. 4144. '87. 6271. 17,431. bits. '84. 5569. '85. 3337. breeching. '88. 751. 3539. 15,943. bridles and halters. '84. 911. '85. 78. 11,897. '86. 13,457. '88. 13,127. 16,874. buckle attachments. '84. 5569. 11,571. '85. 2341. 8611. '86. 13,457. '87. 5764. 13,963. 17,431. '88. 2898. 3539. clasps for. '85. 8388. '88. 16,874. clips for. '85. 2341. 15,205. '58. 13,127 clothing for animals. '86. 7339. 7994. collars, neck. '84. 2540. 6812. 12,698. '85 8388. 10,608. 13,350. '86. 7698. 13,713. '88 1281. 7260. 13,343. couplings for. '84. 3379. 6812. '85. 11,897, 13,005. 15,675. '86. 13,713. '87. 13,341 18,038. '88. 1292. 1441. 4513. 6823. 7665 13 343. 15 943. draw-bolts for. '84. 2795. 7538. 14,350. '85 78. 6301. 10,192. '86. 964. '87. 242. 3855 7146. 10,597. '88. 751. 1516. 11,014. eyes for. '84. 4664. '87. 7552. 13,963. '55 18,901. friction gripping-devices for. '55, 15,205. '55, 7994. '87. 18,038. hames. '84. 2540. 6812. '55. 1668. 2551. 4732 '56. 13,713. '87. 3496. 5764. 13,341. ' 4513. 7260. 7665. 13,343. hobbles. '84. 5946. '57. 5440. hooks and hook fastenings for. '82. 5849, [Appendix, page 82]. '84. 2540. 2902. 5946. 13,662. 14,955. 15,996. '55. 1668. 3337. '86. 3653. 7135. 7297. 7339. 10,771. 13,713. 16,497. '57. 2385. 3861. 5886. 7143. 13,963. '55. 219. 1292. 3539. 5410. 7665. 11,683. 16,792. interlocking parts with sheaths for. '55. 1292. 6823. loops for straps for. '77. 1008, [Appendix, page 82]. '55. 4144. '55. 13,127. 16,874. pole chains and straps. '84. 2540. 2902. 2989.. 4664. 13,662. '86. 964. 6814. 7135. '57. 242. 7146. '55. 219. 1292. 1441. 1516. '2728. 11,014. . reins. '84. 15,996. 16,279. '55. 6175. '57. 7143. '55. 2898. 16,874. repairing - couplings for. See couplings for above. saddle-bars. See saddles below. saddle girths. '84. 11,571. '55. 4144. '55. 1441. shackles for. '84. 14,955. '86. 3653. '57. 7143. .'55.5410- slip-hooks. See hooks &c. above. IV 1884] StTBJUCT-MAl^T'ER INDEX. [1888 Harness and saddlery — cont. fastening — cont. slipping-devices for, [other than slip -books], '84. 848. 2795. 4664. 12,376. 12,707. 14,350. 15,996. '85. 10,192. '56. 964. '87. 242. 3855. 10,597. '88. 751. 1516. 2728. 11,014. 11,683. spring attachments for. '84. 2989. '85. 11,897. '86. 10,771. '57. 9547. 10,927. '55. 15,943. spring catch or snap devices for. '5^. 891. 8920. '55. 13,350. '55. 1281. 3539. 7260. 13,343. staples for. '55. 11,683. stirrup straps. '85. 2341. '86. 8383. '55. 2800. saddle-bars. See saddles helow. straps and bands, [iise not specified]. '84. 3379. 4583. '85. 2.341. 11,897. 15,205. '86. 7994. '87. 13,9G3. 18,038. '55. 1441. 2898. 6823. 16,874. traces. '5^. 911. 2795. 2902. 2989. 3379. 4583. 7538. 12,707. 14,350. '55. 1668. 5833. 6301. 7633. 8611. 10,192. 10,247. 10,407. 13,005. 15,675. '86. 964. 7297. 10,771. '87. 3496. . 3855. 3861. 5886. 7143. 7146. 7552. 9547. 10,597. 10,927. 13,341. '55. 219. 751. 1292. 1441. 1516. 2728. 3539. 6823. 11,014. 11,683. 15,943. 18,901. tugs, shaft. '5^. 2945. 8920. 14,632. '55. 3337. 4144. '55. 1441. 15,943. wallet straps. '55. 2898. gags. See Abridgment Class Medicine &c. girths or rollers. See clothing for animals ahove. girths, saddle. See saddles below. halters. See bridles &c. above. hames. See collars, neck above. hand tools for. See Abridgment Class Hand tools &c. headstalls. See bridles &c. above. hobbles. '84. 5946. 6881. '57. 5440. 16,664. horse-boots. '55. 11,972. '56. 8187. '57. 4621. 4752. '55. 1261. horse breaking and training. '57. 2021. 4184. hunting-crops. See whips &c. beloio. interfering rings and the like. '55. 8515. '55. 12,328. knee caps. '85. 10,608. '56. 5178. labels, name plates, and the like, attaching. '57. 2926. leather, artificial, for. See Abridgment Class Leather, leather-dressing compositions. See Abridgment Class Leather, leg straps (hobbling), attaching to vehicles. '57. 5440. lining and padding. '84. 5462. 7545. '55. 10,608. '56. 5805. 9078. '87. 1295. 13,138. '55. 5155. loops for straps. See fastening above. manes, devices for arranging. '55. 5041. martingales. '84. 9636. '57. 693. 1455. 9359. 15,787. '55. 6555. materials, [other than stuffing-materials]. '77. 1008, [Aijpejidix, page 82]. '84. 3141. 5569. 6473. '55. 2979. 7505. 13,868. 14,346. '57. 1295. '55. 1261. 1281. 18,995. measuring for. '85. 11,470. muzzles. See Muzzles &c. nails. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. Harness and saddlery — cont. nosebags and food containers. '84. 7643. '56. 10,445. 16,030. '57. 16,344. '55. 694. 17,550. 18,068. nosebands. See bridles &c. above. ornamenting special articles. See under sub- headings indicating articles ornamented above and below. ornaments for unspecified articles. '86. 4621. pack saddles. See saddles below. pads for. '84. 5462. '55. 14,209. '56. 5805. '57. 13,138. '55. 5155. pilches. See saddles below. pliers, saddlers'. See Abridgment Class Hand tools &c. pole chains and straps. '57. 9221. fastening. See fastening above. refreshing or cooling animals by liquid jets or the like. '56. 8820. rein holders. '84. 6992. 13,563. 15,996. 16,279. '55. 6175. 10,345. 14,419. '86. 6125. 6185. '57. 4184. 5514. 5897. 9295. '55. 8694. reins, bridle. See bridles &c. above. repairing, fastening for. See fastening above. riveting-machines. '56. 4286. rollers. See clothing for animals above. rugs. See clothing for animals above. runaway horses, releasing. '84. 12,707. 14,350. '55. 10,192. '86. 964. 16,497. '57. 3855. 3861. 10,597. '55. 751. 1516. 2728. 11,014. 11,683. saddle-bags. See saddles below. saddle- bars. See saddles beloio. saddle girth stretchers. See saddles belouj. saddles. '84. 594. 848. 1519. 2205. 2310. 3141. 4123. 5462. 5733. 5941. 5985. 6384. 7545. 8593. 10,348. 10,788. 11,571. 11,939. 12,205. 12,966. 15,996. 16,045. 16,826. 16,865. '85. 559. 2341. 2429. 3586. 3727. 4144. 7351. 9873. 10,608. 11,591. 11,858. 12,311. 12,618. 13,162. 13,678. 14,346. '56. 3700. 5805. 7906. 8383. 9078. 9361. 14,289. 16,963. '57. 687. 1109. 1295. 2621. 3060. 5897. 6156. 6271. 6399. 8081. 9110. 11,934. 12,997. 14,898. 15,370. 15,559. 16,540. 17,557. '55. 1281. 2800. 4047. 7779. 8931. 9625. 13,766. 14,468. 15,837. 16,280. 16,374. 18,995. fastening girths. See fastening above. leather, artificial, for. See Abridgment Class Leather, stuffing-materials for. See stuffing-materials below. weaving girths. See A bridgment Class Weaving &c. scrapers, horse and like. See currycombs above. sewing. See Abridgment Class Sewing &c. sewing-machines for. See Abridgment Class Sewing &c. shaft tugs. See tugs, shaft below. slip-hooks. See fastening above. spurs and spur-carriers. '84. 8667. '55. 5058. 11,642. 12,456. '56. 145. 13,659. '87. 10,626. 11,618. stirrup leathers. See saddles above. stirrups. '5^. 7360. 12,376. 15,054. 16,654. '55. 1765. 2028. 4945. 8940. '86. 245. 3440. 5171. 6093. 8867. 9979. '57. 1000. 4049. 5238. 8177. 11,684 14,106. 14,567. '55. 2275. 3389. 3572. 10,232. 1884] SUBJECT-MATTER iNDfiX. [idsd Harness and saddlery — cont. stirrup straps, suspending. See saddles above. stopping runaway horses, means for. 'S4. 13,096. 16,279. '86. 5261. brakes for vehicles, applying. See Abridgment Class Road vehicles, straps and bands, [use not specified]. '84. 3379. '85. 2341. 7505. fastening. See fastening above. stuffing - materials. '87. 16,540. 17,557. '88. 11,465. tails, adjusting for cutting. '87. 8138. tails, devices for controlling, breeching-attach- ments for. See breeching above. terrets and like guide-rings. '87. 5897. traces. '84. 4583. 6473. '85. 2979. 5833. 9523. 15,675. '86. 9010. '87. 9221. 15,294. '88. 1281. 4530. 9881. 10,063. 15,098. fastening. See fastening above. tugs, hame. See collars, neck above. tugs, shaft. '84. 2738. 2945. 8920. 14,632. 15,869. '85. 3337. '86. 14,641. '88. 219. 18,077. fastening. See fastening above. ventilation. '84. 5462. whip-hanging devices. See brackets &c. above. whips and hunting-crops. '84. 2533. 4772. 15,122. '85. 411. 5024. 15,223. '86. 145. 15,345. '87. 2926. 8871. 17,270. 17,815. 18,042. '88. 7476. 14,812. 18,264. ■ making by cutting and working wood and the like. See Abridgmerd Class Wood &c. whip sockets. '84. 320. '85. 498. 7514. '87. 11-288. '88. 1965. yokes, neck. '86. 8243. '55. 16,065. Hitching or tethering animals. See Tethering animals. Hobbles for animals. See Harness &c. Horse-boots. See Harness &c. Horse clippers and the like. '84. 4641. 7238. 8700. 11,585. '55. 1107. 2896. 3207. 8204. 11,399. '86. 5650. 16,583. '57. 513. 1912. 3489. 4099. 8452. 10,107. 10,422. '55. 290. 684. 2095. 2766. 4293. 4343. 5635. 6503. 17,350. adjusting tails for cutting. See Harness &c. sharpening. See Abridgment Class Grinding or abrading &c. - shears. See Abridgment Class Cutlery. Horse clothing. See Harness &c. Horse collars. See Harness &c. Horse rugs and blankets. See Harness &c. Horse scrapers. See Harness &c. Horses, Grooming, Brushing-apparatus for. See Harness &c. Horses' tails, Adjusting for cutting. See Harness . &c. Horses, Training and breaking in. See Training &c. horses &c. Hunting crops or whips. See Harness &c. Interfering rings for horses. See Harness &c. Knee-caps for animals. See Harness &c. Ziassos for dog's and other animals. '55. 3108. Leather, Punching and perforating. See Punching and perforating machines &c., \^Abridgment Class Cutting &c.] ; Eyeleting, [^Abridgment Class Fastenings, Dress] ; Pliers, cutters, &c., [^Abridg- ment Class Hand tools &c.]. Manes, Devices for arranging. See Harness &c. Martingales. See Harness &c. Muzzles for animals. '84. 8392. '55. 15,515. '86. 7458. 10,684. 11,073. 11,618. 12,794. Nosebags for animals. See Harness &c. Pack- saddles. See Harness &c. Reins and rein holders. See Harness &c. Runaway horses, Releasing. See Harness &c. Runaway horses, Stopping. See Harness &c. Saddle-bags. See Harness &c. Saddles, (saddlery). See Harness &c. Scrapers or combs. Animal. See Harness &c. Shaft tugs. See Harness &c. Shearing or clipping machines. See Horse clippers &c. Spurs. See Harness &c. Stirrups. See Harness &c. Tails, Horses', Adjusting for cutting. See Harness &c. Tethering- animals. '84. 13,563. '87. 1913. '55. 2237. stable fittings. See Abridgment Class Buildings &c. Traces. See Harness &c. Training- and breaking--in horses and other animals. '87. 2021. Excepting Harness &c., (horse breaking and training') ; for which see that heading. Whip-hanging devices. See Harness &c. Whips and whip sockets. See Harness &c. Yokes, Neck, for horses and other animals. See Harness &c. vi 1884] NAME INDEX. [1888 NAME INDEX. The names in italics are those of persons by whom inventions have been eommunicated to the applicants for Letters Patent. \ Abel, C. T>,.:84. 6473. 'S7. 2621 Adams, C. H '87. 11,206 Adcock, E '87. 4752 Ahlin, J. A '87. 10,927 Allatt, H. T. W '5^. 6881 Allen, E '85. 8940 Allison, H. J '84. 13,563 '88. 7665 Anderson, J. W '84. 4772 Andrews, H '85. 12,713 Armes, W '85. 10,608 Arnold, J '87. 1912. 16.664 AsMord, W. G '88. 12',603 Auld, K '85. 14,209 Australian Electric Co '87. 10,422 Bach, E '84. 11,939 „ W. B '84. 11,939 Bacon, W.J '84. 5733 Bagshaw, F. W '85. 11,858 Bain, A '56. 5650 Baker, A '86. 7094 Ballinger, M '85. 14,419 Banner, J. W '88. 684 Bareire, J. G '85. 14,346 Bariquand, E '88. 5635 „ L. F. J. ...'88. 5635 Barlow, J. T '88. 15,098 „ W. A '86. 964 Barnley, G '87. 2926 Barnsby, J. A '84. 2310 Barrett, H '85. 9523 Barton. R '86. 14,641 BeD, W '87. 8452 Bennett, C.H '88. 16,792 Benstead, W. J '88. 4196 Berard, T '84. 11,585 Berg, J. A '87. 3855 Bertram, L. B '86. 7994 Betjemann, S '87. 3861 Biggs, F. J '87. 17,270 Bingham, F. J '84. 4664 Binns, G. A.' '85. 3695 Bird, G. C '88. 2941 Blackwell, J '88. 8759 Blew, A. J. '85. 10,407. '56. 6814 Block, 0 '87. 13,425 Bolton, G. H '55. 7514 Bonnard, A. P. E....'SS. 10,169 Booker, W '55. 3572 Boult, A. J. ...'55. 8611. 13,350 '56. 7698 Bourget, H. '56. 5261 Bourguet, L. F. A '56. 245 Bourne, W. J '55. 2728 Bowley & Co '56. 13,659 Bowley, R. C '56. 13,659 Bown, W...'54. 8700. '55. 1107 3207. '56. 16,583 Bray, G '84. 2902. '55. 219 Brigg, T. H....'55. 4530. 10,063 Britt, L. P '55. 13,390 Brock, W. K '84. 13,096 Brooks, J. B. '55. 9879. '56. 7940 Broome, J '55. 7260 Broomhead, J. W '87. 8452 Brown, C '55. 4343 Bryans, H.M '55. 14,812 Buckle, J. W '87. 693 Burgess, J '84. 15,869 Burley, Howes & '55. 8694 Burley, W '55. 8694 Burman, W...'55. 8204. '87. 3489 Burn, M.J '55. 10,232 Buxton, N '84. 8593 Galley, S '84. 8392 Campbell, H. W '55. 11,090 Capewell, G '84. 8700. '55. 1107. 3207 Carlefon, C '84. 7238 Carmont, W. E '56. 8867 Carter, J '55. 13,678 Cassan, M. S '55. 13,350 Cawdle, T '84. 6384 Champion, J. B '57. 16,344 Chawner, F '85. 78 vii Cheney, J. W '56. 14,662 Chittenden, N. W '58. 1292 Chorlton, I '84. 2533 Christie, W. '55. 8931 Clark, A. M '84. 15,998. '55. 7633. '56. 13,713. '55. 1281 „ W....'57. 4099. '55. 4293 Clarke, W. R '57. 13,278 Clasen, I. F '57. 8871 Cleary, M '84. 16,279 Coleman, V. A '86. 13,457 Cook, R. T '56. 8243 Cooper, J '84. 848 „ M '84. 848 Cope, B '55. 8940 „ J '56. 3440 Corbould, W '84. 14,350 Cornut, R '56. 10,445 Cottrell, J '84. 2945. '55. 498. 9873 Couteau, L. A '56. 8820 Cowley, J '88. 4513 Cox, A. W '84. 14,857 '85. 11,897 CradJock, G...'8^. 2205. 13,081 Crawcour, W. H '87. 4752 Crocker, E. K '57. 13,958 Crosbee, S. '55. 2429. '56. 4621 Cunningham, J. W... '5^. 14,955 Carley, T '56. 5805 Curtis^ D '56. 8187 Damarell, A '84. 4123 Dannhauer, C '57. 5897 Darling, J '84. 15,996 Davey, A '55. 18,077 Davies, J. H '55. 13,162 „ S. E '84. 8920 Davis, S. B '57. 3496 Dawson, A. G '57. 513 Dax,J. '55. 1281 Day, R. W '85. 13,868 Dearden, B '56. 11,125 Decarpentry, A. E, N...'86. 245 1884] NAME INDEX. [1888 Dingle, W.H '88. 8799 Diss, A '85. 6301 Dixon, K '88. 6503 Dolman, (1. W '85. 12,456 Douglas-Hamilton, A '87. 11,934 Dove, L '86. 7135 Driscoll, F. F. '86. 5805 Drot-Gourville, J. J. B. G. '88. 8762 Duckenfield, E '87. 10,626 Duffield, S '85. 2028 Diifresne, A '86. 13,713 Durell, A. D '87. 10,597 Edney, A. J '86. 7458 Edwards, E '86. 245 „ E. W '87. 5640 „ S '86. 16,963 Egleton, F. A '86. 10,684 Electrical Combinations Co. '88. 8799 EUis, C '87. 17,431 Emanuel, J. I '84. 12,707 Evans, G.v '84. 15,122 Everitt, T '87. 8138 Fairbanks, Lavender, & Son. '84. 5941 Fenner, G '88. 17,392 Fines, T. W '87. 3060 Fisher, E '85. 7633 Fisher, H. S. '85. 8388 Fisher, N. A '85. 8388 Fitzmaurice, W. E. ...'87. 7146 Fletcher, J. M '84. 15,054 „ W. '88. 2728 Franklin, F. M '87. 13,341 Fritze, A '87. 6338 Frost, H '87. 1000. 15,076 Fuller, J. F... '88. 290 Gamble, W '87. 16,568 Garstin, A '86. 11,073 Geer, Baron L. de ...'88. 19,012 Gibbons, C. K '84. 12,376 GiUespie,T. G '85. 13,350 '86. 7698 Glismann, O ....'88. 12,328 Gnosill, F. '87. 13,597 '88. 11,640 Gnosill, Parkes & '87. 13,597 '88. 11,640 Godward, O '87. 17,815 Goldfrap, H. C. S '84. 7643 Gourville, J. J. B. G. Drot- '88. 8762 Greene, J. D '87. 1109 Grimshaw, E '87. 4621 Groth, L. A '84. 6812 Griinbaum, H. O. A. E '88. 1441 Guest, W '84. 3379 Guillaume, F. '84. 4641 Guinet, L '87. 4184 Haddan, H. J....'S5. 5058. 5833 '87. 6338 „ E '88. 11,014 Had mar, L. A. D. ...'87. 10,107 Hall, W. F =.. '85. 496 Hamilton, A. Douglas- '87. 11,934 Harcourt, G. J '55. 6175 '86. 6125 Hardingham, G. G. M '88. 19,012 Hardy, F '88. 16,874 Harley, W '87. 3496 Harrison, J '87. 11,684 Harrison, L. C. '84. 13,563 Hartley, R. '84. 10,842 Harvey, A '84. 3643 Haslam, T. J '84. 12,966 '87. 5238 Hawkins, J. '86. 6802 Heckmann, N. J '86. 9078 Hemry, F.L '86. 4353 Hesse, G. E '87. 5440 Hetherington, T. '85. 2341 Hiekel, F. A '88. 140 Hill, E.J '86. 16,497 „ G. C '87. 2021 „ T. W ...'84. 14,632 Hinchley, J. W '88. 14,406 Hohne, J. B '86. 3700 Holding, J '84. 2533 Holusha, L '85. 5024 Hone, G.J '87. 5886 Hopkins, J '88. 13,766 Howell, J. '84. 4772 Howes & Burley '88. 8694 Howes, W..; '88. 8694 Hiibner, C '85. 10^1 Hutchinson, W. D. ...'85. 8515 Ihne, W. D '88. 17,550 Isaacs, P. A '88. 2800 Jackson, C '85. 11,972 „ I. „..:.... .,.'85. 13,005 James, J. H '85. 2028 „ W. '88. 3539 JefPries, E ,...'87. 11,288 Jeffryes, H. W. '87. 242 Jensen, P. '84. 2989. 8667 '50. 10,771. '55. 2800 viji Jesch, E '55. 5058 Jones, R. C '84. 14,955 „ W. A ....'57. 8452 Jurgensen, J. F. C. '86. 964 Justice, P. M '84. 3643 Keen, A. W. McL '55. 7779 Kennedy, W. ...'87. 1455. 9359 11,087. 11,088 King, H. E '55. 16,486 „ J. C '86. 8383 „ R '84. 12.698 Kirker, M. B '55. 16,065 Kleinstiick, F. G '84. 7696 Knightley, G '84. 891 Kraft, E. '55. 8611 Kromberg, C ..'55. 6823 Lake, H. H '84. 2738. 7238 11,585. '55. 12,618. '56. 5805. '87. 4184. 13,963. „ W. R '84. 5569 '55. 5024. 12,902 Larkin, R '55. 5967 '87. 2405 Latham, E '.......'55. 13,127 Laurence, R '84. 10,788 Lavender, & Son, Fairbanks. '84. 5941 Lavender, F '84. 5941 G '84. 5941 Leadbeater, A '55. 11,683 Lechel, H '55. 12,618 Leckie, W. G '55. 4047 Lehmann, C. H...'....'55. 13,343 Lemassena, T. F '84. 3141 Lennard, S.. '55. 11,642 Lighthouse, J. C... '84. 5569 Litchfield, C ....'86. 4286 Loads, H .......'55. 11,559 „ H. W. '87. 13,138 '55. 5155 Lockwood, W.. ..'86. 16,030 Logan, W. P '55. 2237 Lory, H.C '55. 2551. 4732 Louvot, E. P.... '55. 2979 Lovatt, T. W.... '86.' 5178 Lowe, M.H. '55. 15,515 Lublinshi,!). '55. 10,407 Lysaght, G. J. '55. 7476 McBride, T. : '55. 7633 McCabe, A. R '87. 7143 McDonnell, W '55. 5041 Macedo, J. A. de '56. 9979 Macey, H. J. ..........'55. 13,766 McFadden, F. '84. 2738 McHardy, J. ..,'57. 2021 1884] NAME INDEX. [1888 I McKay, I. M '57. 2385 McKenny, J '5^. 13,662 '5S. 9824 Maclure, A 'S7. 4049 MacMahon, C '5~. 11,030 12,997 Magoon, C. H 'S6. 7339 Marre. C. P. E '55. 5635 Marsh, T '55. 1668 T P ^85 6310 Mason, M. H. 'Ss! '18,264. 18,995 Maury, T '55. 1516 Mayhew, F. W....'5r. 687. 6399 Mersch, F. '84. 6812 Mewburn, J. C '84. 4641 Miller, J. P '86. 5805 Miller, W. J '5^. 7360 Mitchell, H '56. 16,583 R.J. C '55. 4791 Mohrstadt, G. W '84. 911 Moliere, G. W '55. 18,901 Moores, G.W. '57. 13,963 Morris, C. F. C '84. 2540 Mortin, T. J '84. 594 Mosley, J. E. P '84. 12,205 Moss, J. R '55. 3108 Mossberg, E '57. 9547 Mouncie, A. Thornton, Baron de '84. 13,597 Mowat, O. G- '55. 11,591 Nangle, W. C '55. 15,205 Nash, W. H. Page-... '5 7. 14,898 Neresheimer, L '55. 694 Nesbitt, W '55. 7094 New, H. G '55. 9625 Newton, H. E '57. 10,422 Niblett, W. C '57. 5440 NichoUs, F. V '55. 12,311 '86. bill Nichols, W.E '86. 11,618 Nightingale, G. P '86. 9078 Nolle, G.H. '84. 7238 Norton, C '55. 411 Ogden, S '55. 13,005. 15,675 '86. 9010. '57. 15,294 Osborne, S '86. 10,684 Owen & Co '84. 7360 Page-Nash, W. H. ...'57. 14,898 Parkes & Gnosill '57. 13,597 '55. 11,640 Parkes, J. '57. 13,597. '55. 11,640 Parrington, M. B. ..'86. 12,794 Pass, E. de '86. 5261 Patersen, N '57. 6338 Perkin, A '84. 16,865 ■P 10362-'Harness &g. Peters, 0..,'5.^. 320. '55. 15,675 Petrie, D. '55. 6555 Pfandner, H '86. 11,434 Philipps, H. Rees- '84. 5985 '86. 14,289. '55. 15,837 16,280. 16,374. Phipps, T. L '55. 8204 '57. 3489 Pirnie, G.., '57. 18,042 Pitt, S. .,,'77. 1008, [A2}2Jendix, 2?age 82] Powell, W '55. 3337 Powney, J '84. 5462 Read, F '57. 5764 Redfern, G. F '57. 10,107 Rees-Philipps, H '84. 5985 '86. 14,289. '55. 15,837 16,280. 16,374. Renton, G '55. 13,162 Rexford, J. ...'82. 5849, [yljjperz- clix, page 82] Reynolds, W '84. 4583 Richardson, T '55. 11,559 „ T. L....,...'55. 6503 Ridgway, A '57. 513 Rieger, F '55. 751 Roberts, B. P '55. 12,902 Roberts, W. C '86. 6185 '57. 9295 Rogers, H '55. 8694 Rolleston, L...'55. 559. '57. 6156 Rose, F '55. 2095 Roskell, N. R '55. 3586 Roubinet, E '55. 1516 Ruck, R. M. '86. 3653. '55. 5410 Rutten, 0 '55. 11,465 Ryersee, J. G '87. 13,341 St. Aubin,W.H '84. 16,045 Salazar, C. de '55. 2896 Salkeld, S '57. 15,076 Sampson, G. D '55. 10,247 Saunders, J '57. 6271 Sawyers, E. A '55. 13,127 Schreiter, B. F '55. 140 ScTiulze, W. '84. 8667 Scott, J '55. 1765 „ L. K '55. 3389 Seton, C. C '55. 9881 Shaw, E. ...'55. 6175. '86. 6125 ., J. C '57. 9221 Skien, J. T. B '84. 2989 '86. 10,771 Simpson, W. S '86. 9361 Smith, J '84. 10,348 „ M '57. 7552 „ W.J '86. 6093 Soc. de Credit a V Industrie, au Commerce, et aux Travaux Publics '84. 6473 ix Sondheim, S '55. 11,559 Southcott, J. H '55. 13,343 Spence, R. J. P '85. 11,470 Squier, F. W '55. 2898 Stafford, H. E '57. 2385 Stanley, J '54. 3141 Stanning, H '86. 7458 Starley, J '57. 17,557 Stewart, H. R. '57. 8081. 15,559 16,540. '55. 27 Stidder, J., G '57. 17,360 Stokes, C '57. 14,567 Storrar, R '85. 11,470 Stroud, G '55. 2766 Stubbs, J. S '84. 10,878 Studdy, H '55. 4144 Suckley, T '84. 7538 Suckling, J. L '57. 8452 Taber, W. D '55. 10,345 Tambling, L. S '57. 5514 Temple, T '84. 16,654 Tergolina, V. Count di '84. 9636 Thomas, W. F '55. 7505 Thomson, J '57. 7143 „ T. W '57. 7143 Thornton, A., Baron de Mouncie '84. 13,597 Thouvenin, F. A '57. 15,787 Tildesley, W. H '84. 3023 Tilley, J. B '57. 11,618 Tipton, D. P '55. 7968 Tongue, J. G '56. 8187 Trickett, J '55. 11,399 Turner, W. H '55. 18,068 Uhlenhuth, H '57. 18,038 Underwood, W. C '57. 1913 Varley, J. J '55. 9523 Vose, T. F. '55. 7665 Vulcanized Fibre Co. ..'77. 1008, lAppetidix, xjage 82] Wadkin, H '55. 2766 Wainwright, J. W. '55. 5833 Wakelam, J '84. 3262 S '84. 3262 Walley, J. S '84. 2795 „ W. O '84. 12,074 Warner, J. E '55. 15,223 Warsop, T '55. 17,350 Warth, A '84. 6992 Weston, B. S '84. 1519 h 1884] NAME INDEX. [1888 Westwood, H '84. 11,571 Wheeler, A. J. '86. 7297. 7906 „ J. '85. 3727. '57. 9110 Whiting, J. E '86. 145 Wipley, G '88. 17,350 Wilhelmy, W '87. 2621 Williams, J... .'87. 8177. 15,370 Willigerod, E '88. 694 Willis, A. J '86. 15,345 Wilson, A '88. 1292 „ J. A '88. 15,943 Wilson, T .'55. 10,192 Wilton, H. S '84. 1519 '87. 1295 Wincer, F. H '87. 14,106 „ T '55. 14,468 Winder, R '84. 797. 4105 Wint, T.J '55. 7351 Wish, L. F '57. 17,431 Withers & Co., S '55. 2275 Withers, S '55. 2275 Wood, A. M '55. 1261 Wooley, W....'54. 7545. 16,826 WooUason, W '55. 14,406 Wright, J '84. 5463 „ R. '84. 5946. '85. 4945 „ W '55. 1965 Wyatt, T. H '84. 7193 Zschiesche, F. A '55. 11.014 HARNESS AND SADDLERY. Patents have been granted in all cases, unless otherwise stated. Drawings aooompany the Specification where the abridgment is illustrated, and also where the words Drawings to Specification follow the date. A.D. 1884. 320. Peters, C. Jan. 2. Whip sockets are turned in hard wood, and are attached by metal or leather fastenings, in the manner shown. 594. Blortin, Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. Relates to a safety saddle-bar. The pin A upon which T. J. Jan. 3. the saddle-bar B turns is inclined to the plate which is fixed to the saddle-tree in such a manner that as the bar turns upwards it also recedes from the face of the plate, and the strap readily leaves the bar. ^9V. Winder, a. Jan. 5. Bridles for controlling horses and other animals. A metal band a is attached to the bridle so that it P 10362- 1000-6/94 Wt 5973 D & S. passes over the nose of the animal, where it is held in position by the straps d. The inside of the band a, against the animal's nose, is shaped hollow, and it is connected to the reins by the rings c, so that a slight pull will press the sharp edges of the band against the animal's nose, thereby quietening it. A bit may be dispensed with when this band is used. 848. Cooper, M., and Cooper, J. Jan. 7. Stirrup straps, suspend- ing, safety saddle - bars for. The bar consists of three parts, a plate No. 1 attached to the saddle- tree, another small plate 2 pivoted on this and abut- ting against a projecting C stud B on it, and a bar 3 which is hinged to the second plate and from which the stirrup 1884] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1884 strap is hung. This bar can move round its hinge joint from the face of the other plates. There is a ledge D at the bottom of the first plate for holding the parts in position "when mounting or riding ; but, in case of accident, the movements of the pivoted plate and hinged bar immediately set the stirrup leather free. Several positions of the bar and plate under such circumstances are shown dotted in the Figure. 891. Knig-htley, G. Jan. 7. Fastening harness. For connecting two straps, a metal box d is fitted to one of them having a lever a with a pin b pivoted at c and pressed upwards by a spring e ; the end /is pressed, thereby raising b, the other strap is passed into g, and the pin b allowed to fall into one of the strap holes. 911. Mohrstadt, G-. W. Jan. 8. Fastening traces or bridles. Relates to a method of preventing the ordinary stud and slotted plate fastener as applied to stays &c. from becoming accidentally unfastened. The method is stated to be also applicable for fastening traces or bridles. At the front of the slotted plate, and capable of turning in the same plane with it, there is a flat piece of metal H having a slot on its inner side adapted to embrace the pillar of the stud, which is kept in its place by a spring piece attached to the slotted plate and bearing against this " securer." The stud is passed through the slotted plate and then this " securer " is turned round in its own plane, until the slot in it embraces the pillar of the stud and thus prevents it from becoming unfastened. 1519. Weston, B. S., and Wilton, K. S. Jan. 16. Stirnqj straps, suspending. — The stirrup strap is attached to a safety device connected by the grooved slide A or rollers to the saddle-bar B, Fig. 1. This slide is made wedge-shaped, having its top corner C prolonged and its bottom corner D rounded away so that it can easily push aside the spring piece E, Fig. 1, when the rider is being dragged. A hook or ledge piece B, Figs. 2, 3, and 4, is suspended from the slide A by the pin D, and has working inside it and hinged to the slide by the pin E, a spring bolt C which, in the normal position, locks the stirrup strap in the hook of the piece B. When the rider is thrown off, on the opposite side, the strap lifts the hook-piece B till the bolt C allows its escape from the hook and thus releases the horseman. 2205. Craddock, G-. Jan. 26. Stirrup straps, suspend- ing, safety saddle - bars for. The stirrup strap is attached to a piece A having an eye which fits over a projection B, and a tongue which goes be- neath a spring C. When the rider is thrown, the piece A slides up the rising butts E, releasing the eye and tongue and so freeing the strap. 2310. Barnsby, J. A. Jan. 29 Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle - bars for. The part C carrying the stirrup leather is made with a hinged lever D and a bar or tenon B which has a crescent cross-section so that it can pass between the two pieces E and F when C is turned up. The pieces E and F are fixed to A, which is attached to the saddle-tree. 1884] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1884 2533. Chorlton, X., and Holding-, J. Feb. 1. E Whips.— The lash A is attached to the stick B by a swivel joint consisting of two metal ferrules C and D shaped with a shoulder, as shown. 2540. morris, C. F. C. Feb. 1. S^ Fastening pole - chains, hames, &c., slip-hooks for. The hook consists of two parts A and B, jointed at C and bent to form an opening D for the reception of a chain. The part B is formed with an extension E, against which the chain presses, and so tends to keep the hook closed. This object is further attained by fastening the arm B to A by a ring F kept tight by a piece Gr of leather or other elastic material. Instead of the ring, a split spring button may be fixed to A, which will spring into a hole in B when the hook is closed. A special form of spring clip may also be substituted for the ring. 2738. lMaTs.e,It.Il.,[McFadden,P.]. Feb. 5. Tugs, shaft. — A metal stirrup B is inserted detachably in the bottom of the tug, with lugs for a detachable axis, carrying an antifriction roller C, to work in. 2795. Walley, J. S. Feb. 6. Fastening traces, draw bolts for. The fastening consists essentially of a frame with a pair of jaws A, B, through which passes a pin Gr on a link 0 which is actuated by a push D and kept in position by a spiral spring within the part E. The trace passes between the jaws A and B, so that the holes made in them and in the trace may be readily placed in a line and the bar G be made to pass through and secure them. (^For Drawing see next column.') P 10362 2795. 2902. Bray, G. Feb. 7. Fastening traces and pole-chains, hooks for. The whipple-tree is formed of the cross-bar a, strengthened by the stays 5, which are supported in the middle by the ring &' and at the ends, which are formed with eyes V and Z»^, by the screws c. The eyes &^ are for receiving the trace hooks, which are T-shaped at their free ends. The collar of the animal has fastened to it a special kidney link to which the drop link hook e connected to the pole- chain is secured. This hook consists of two parts, a fixed part or hook proper and a pivoted part / which works in a slot and serves to lock the kidney link before-mentioned securely in place. 2945. Cottrell, J. Feb. 8. Tugs, shaft. — The body of the tug is made of a bent strip of metal covered on each side by strips of leather B. To the metal strip at one end is connected another piece B* by hinges a, a. On the piece B at the upper end is a small projection c working in a socket. A slot on B^ fits over the pro- jection, which is then turned half round and between two studs securely closing the tug. A buckle C enables the tug to be fastened to the back band D, which then passes down through a pivoted loop E, and may be united to the belly-band. A 2 1884] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. ri884 2939. Jensen, P., [SkUn, J. T. B.']. Feb. 8. Fastening traces and pole-chains, spring attach- ments for. Relates to guards or spring attach- ments for draw-gear or pole-chains. Spiral springs s, s^ are attached at each end to a plate, one plate o carrying a hook h and the other a ring. The hook is prolonged into a bar with a collar e at the free end ; around the bar and fixed to the collar is a strong spiral spring. The collar works in a cylinder forming part of the ring. The smaller strains are taken by the outer springs s, s\ the heavy strains coming upon the spring placed round the bar within the others. 3023. Tildesley, W. K. Feb. 9. ^y ^ O 2 ^ Ol c CD-^ Currycombs. — Blanks are cut from rolled or otherwise produced taper iron. These are then cut and punched into the forms shown by a and b. Pieces of metal are riveted on the ends of the blank, as shown by c, and it is then forged and teeth are cut upon it, as shown by d, to pro- duce a finished comb ready for attaching to the back-plate. 3141. Stanley, J., and Iiemassena, T. F. Feb. 12. Collars ; saddles ; breeching ; materials for making. — Collars, saddles, saddle-trees, cruppers, and other parts of harness are formed of scraps of leather by cementing them together, and pressing into the required shape at one operation. The Figure shows a saddle-tree constructed according to this method. The outside of the tree is covered with a layer of elastic substance 0, fastened by means of bolts J. (^For Drawing see next column,') 3141. 3262. Wakelam, J., and Wakelam, S. Feb. 14. Currycombs. — The metal straps A, to which either a webbing or a rigid handle is attached, are formed from part of the metal of the comb itself, as shown in Fig. 2, which is a section of Fig. 1 along the line C D. By this means the straps are prevented from becoming loose or detached from the back B. Feb. 15. 3379. Guest, W. Fastening ; repair- ing.— The two ends of the belt, consist- ing of waterproof or ordinary leather, are connected together by bolting or riveting to a cover-string provided with a series of slots, which may be metal - eyeleted. The bolt heads are preferably, countersunk into the driving- surface. The method is applicable to repairing harness and other articles made of leather. 3643. Justice, P. M., \_Harvey, A.'\. Feb 20. Currycombs com- bined with brushes. The brush is flexible and in the form of a glove. Bristles A are attached to the palm, and small currycombs B to the back of the glove. Wires C, 1884] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1884 bent as shown, are attached to the tips of the fingers and serve as pickers. I 4105. Winder, R. Feb. 28. Bridles for controlling animals. Relates to an improvement on the invention described in Speci- fication No. 797, A.D. 1884, and consists of a leather nose-band affixed to the bridle. This nose- band presses upon the nose-bone of the animal and serves to guide and restrain it. The ordinary bit may be thus dispensed with. 4123. Damarell, A. Feb. 29. . Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The metal-plate a is firmly fixed to the saddle-tree and is made with two hooks b and a recess c having a projecting tongue d. The saddle-bar e has two branches/ and ^. The branch /is horizontal and carries the stirrup leather, and is fitted with a pivoted bar j held upright by a spring h. The branch g is carved and is formed with two eyes h which fit over the hooks b, and with a tongue '--- ^^vi;\i'.^:".-;vW\mwvV!^ Whijjs— The handle consists of a metal tube, covered with cork and having a plug at one end and a collar at the other end of bone or other material. 15,869. Bur- g-ess, J. Dec. 3. Tugs, shaft. — The tug is made of metal and fur- nished at the top and bottom with a loop or eye to which the back- chain or back -band and the belly-band are attached by means of a hook, buckle, ring, or other connection. 15,996. Clark, A. X., [DarUng, J.]. Dec. 5. Bridles ; fastening adjustable bearing-reins. The bearing -rein is attached to the hook A, which may either be pulled up close to the saddle by the strap d passing to the driver's seat or be allowed to remain at such a distance therefrom as affords perfect freedom to the horse. The driver can thus effect these changes without leaving his seat. The saddle-tree is recessed to receive the flat part a of the hook, which is itself slotted to receive the pivoted " dog " e. This " dog " has two teeth g and J, which abut against the shoulder h on the saddle-tree and the incline m on the sliding piece I respectively. The Figure shows the position when the bearing-rein is drawn up ; to release it the strap d must be first pulled back. This compresses the spring n and draws the tooth / up the incline m until it rests upon the top of the sliding piece I, in which position it is held more securely by the spring i. On now releasing the strap d, the "dog" slides back with the piece I, and its front tooth clears the shoulder h ; the part a, together with a certain length of the strap d, then passes through the saddle-tree, the spring i at the same time preventing any tendency of the rein to leave the hook. On wishing to again check the horse, the strap is drawn back until the tooth j is forced by the spring i against the incline 7n, so as to move the piece I back and assume the position shown. 16,045. St. Aubin, W. K. Dec. 6. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The bar upon which the loop of the stirrup strap hangs is in two parts A and B, B being free to move on the pivot D and having a projection C as shown. "When the horse rears the stirrup loop presses on this end of the bar, which yields to the 15 1884] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1884 pressure and frees the strap. Again, when the rider is thrown upwards and forwards, the strap presses beneath the end C and is released upwards in a similar manner. 16,279. Cleary, BI. Dec. 11. Rein-holders consist of a lever pivoted to the body of the vehicle and adapted to engage with a crank or projection on the wheel nave when the vehicle is at rest in the absence of the driver, so that, should the horse start off, the crank will actuate the lever to pull up the animal. The Figure shows the application to a dogcart. A is the lever pivoted at B and holding the reins C D is the crank or projection on the nave. When not in use, the lever is pushed back clear of the projection D, as shown by dotted lines. 16,654. Temple, T. Stirrups. — Each leg of the stirrup carries either one or two spiral springs A, enclosed in cylinders B, and resting at their lower ends upon nuts C screwed to the leg. The tread is attached to these cylinders, and thus prevents the trans- mission of any un- pleasant vibration to the foot. Dec. 19. 16,826. Woolley, W. Dec. 23. Stirru}} straps^ suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The stirrup strap is attached to the part A, which is hinged at B and C and provided with a tongue D bearing against a spring E. The eye F of the hinge B is square, and the upper part of the rod G is square also. When the rider is thrown forwards, the part A is jerked up so that the lower and rounded part of the rod G passes through the eye F, and the part A consequently svrings for- wards on its hinges and liberates the stirrup. The stirrup strap is also free to leave the bar A in a backward direction. 16,865. Perkin, A. Dec. 24. Saddles, military. Two fan-tails A of steel or other elastic substance are fixed either upon the saddle-tree B or to the pannel so as to project as shown. They are covered with leather, and from their elasticity prevent injury to the horse's back, and will adapt themselves to fit a hollow-backed animal. 16 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 A.D. 1885. 78. Chawner Jan. Fastening halters. Relates to means for releasing several haltei-s simultaneously in cow- houses &G. in case of fire or flood. In stables, along the front of the manger, is a pipe A having openings for the reception of rings B on the halters of the animals. A bar runs through the pipe and has on it pieces C bent at right-angles which pass through the rings, so that by turning the bar round or drawing it out a short distance the rings are released. The handle for turning the bar is outside the buUding. In the application of this' to cowhouses the arrangement as above is retained, but instead of setting free a ring on the halter the ring on the boozing stake is released. To effect this the latter ring is in two parts hinged together and a small chain attached to one half passes through a hole in the other, the animal being set free by releasing the end of this chain. 411. Zfortou; C. Jan. 12. Drawings to Specification. Whips. — Consists in imitating enamelling in metal whip handles by inserting glass pieces of any desired shape in corresponding apertures formed in the metal, and securing the glass by cement and a corrugated metal backing or by burring down the metal. The glass may afterwards be ground flush with the rest of the surface and polished. 496. Hall, W. P. Jan. 13. . Combs for the manes and tails of animals. The teeth are arranged m two rows, those of one being P 10362 opposite to the spaces of the other. The teeth may be of triangular or oval section and may be parallel or bent outwards ; a handle is attached as shown. 498. Cottrell, Jan. 14. J. Whip sockets. — The socket may be made of wood, bone, &c., or of metal. If of wood or similar material, a tube A, shaped as shown, is taken and split longitu- dinally ; a cap B is then screwed upon its lower end and a spring band C is fixed around the neck. If of metal, four strips are riveted to form a cross, and the ends are then bent up to the same shape as before. A spring band is fixed around the neck as in the wooden socket. 559. Rolleston, !■. Jan. 15. \o< Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The bar is formed of the horizontal arm A, which carries the usual safety catch B and supports the stirrup strap, and the inclined arm C which is pivoted in the sockets D, D firmly fixed to the saddle-tree. If the rider be thrown backwards the safety catch B acts in the usual way, and if thrown upwards and forwards the arm A swings upwards upon the arm B into a vertical position and so releases the stirrup strap. 17 1885] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 1107. Bown, Jan. 26. W., and Capewell, G. Hoi's e clippers and the like. — The object is to reduce the fric- tion between the slid- ing parts. The bar A is attached to the fixed arm, and small ap- proximately - quad - rantal pieces B, B placed between it and the sliding plate 0. These pieces are rounded at both bear- ing surfaces so as to offer a rolling con- tact. A spring cap is provided, where necessary, to cover the bar A and prevent the entrance of dirt. 1668. nXarsh, T. Feb. 6. Fastening traces, hames, &c., hooks for. In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the hook is used for draught purposes, and in Fig. 4 for connecting the ends of the hames. It may also be applied to the shafts of vehicles. To one limb of the hook A is hinged a spring link, tongue, or shackle B, shown in Fig. 3, which is a section across Fig. 2 on the line C D. The chain is introduced, as shown in Fig. 2, and when within the hook the spring closes the hook, as shown in Fig. 1. In cases where the hook is employed in positions in which the link tends naturally to close the hook by reason of its weight, the spring may be dispensed with. 1765. Scott, J. Feb. 9. Stirru23s. — To form a safety stir- rup, the tread A is pivoted to the legs of the bow B, which has the usual loop for the strap. To the tread are fixed the projections D, E, to which the inner legs F, Gr are hinged. Stops H, against which the projec- tions abut, limit the pivoting motion of the tread. When the rider is thrown the pressure of the foot on the tread causes it to turn round on the outer bow, thus enabling the legs of the inner bow to separate and release the foot. 2028. Duffield, S., Feb. 13. and James, J. K. Stirrups. — The stirrup is made from one bar of iron or steel instead of two as now usual. The bar is bent so that it crosses at the part where the loop will be, as shown at A, or at the part where the tread will be. The bar is then stamped to the stirrup shape, the fin B is removed, and the loop C is pierced. When the bar is crossed at the tread this part is stamped so that the tread is parallel to the sides ; it has therefore to be subsequently bent at right-angles. 2341. Kethering-ton, T. Feb. 20. Stirrup straps.— The clip A is in- tended to hold the strap obliquely, as shown, so as to be out of the way of the rider's knee. It is shown as a pro- jecting piece form- ing part of the buckle. In another form it consists of a slotted piece of metal which is fixed on the end B of the strap by a screw or spring, and has a projecting piece as before. 2429. Crosbee, S. Feb. 23. Saddles. — Relates to cab saddle screws. The screw A has the upper part square to fit into the square hole in the disc B. The sheet-metal cap C is placed over the screw - head disc, and these parts are pressed together to form the finished head of the 18 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 2551. Iiory, H. C Feb. 25. Collars ; fastening hames. A metal cap or plate A is shaped to fit tightly upon the top of the collar B, either upon the after wale only or upon both front and after wales as shown. This cap or plate is fur- nished with some means for connecting it with the top ends of the hames C, as, for example, a loop and button D as shown. The hames are connected at their lower ends by a strap in the usual way. 2896. Salazar, C. de. March 5. Horse clippers and the like. — The plates are actuated in the ordinary way by the levers A, B, to one of which A are attached the electro- magnets C, D arranged in a circle. Opposite them rotates a similar pair of magnets which act as an armature. On the axis of the armature is the disc E with a pair of teeth which , engage pins on the wheel i F. A second circular disc IG is concentric with the disc E, and has two inden- [tations, forming, with the [projections H on the t wheel F, a species of Geneva stop, and prevents [ the wheel F from rotating except while it is being [driven by one of the teeth on the disc E. An arm I projects from the wheel F, the end sliding in a slot in the lever B, and imparting to it an oscillating motion. The movable cutter-plate may be actuated, through toggles, by a crank and con- necting-rod, or a rod operated by a cam. The axis of the motor may be parallel with the cutter- plates and may carry a worm gearing into the wheel F 2979. Xiouvot, E. P. March 6. Traces ; materials for making. — A composition is made by filling with tar the pores of dry absorbent bodies such as cardboard, paper, rope, canvas, &c. On placing tar products m contact with the bodies and creating a vacuum the tar settles in the pores of the bodies. The material is then subjected to pressure, and the volatile and liquid portions of V 10362 the tar are afterwards expelled by graduated heat. The product is stated to be impermeable, unin- flammable, and acid-proof, and capable of application in making traces. 3207. Bown, W., and Capewell, G. March 11. Horse clippers and the like. — The fixed plate A is attached to the lever B, the cutting-plate C being actuated by the lever D. The hollow bar E is attached to the cutting-plate, its bottom being formed with angle or curved surfaces in which anti- friction balls F are placed. The arm G is fixed to the stationary lever, passes tbrough one side of the bar E, and carries on its extremity a guide parallel and similarly formed to the bar, the balls rolling between the guide and the bottom of the bar. The plates can be drawn together by the thumb- screw H. 3337. Powell, W. March 14. Bits; bridles ; tugs, shaft. — The bit is attached to the bridle by the hook A, which is furnished with a drop link B pierced to receive a spring urging it downwards as shown. The material of the shaft-tug is continued at the bottom to form a strap, or has a strap buckled to it by which it is fastened to the girth. 19 B 2 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 3586. Roskell, N. R. March 20. Saddles. — Relates to an attachment for riding- saddles intended to bear against the rider's thighs, and so enable him to keep his seat. It consists of two curved metal pieces A, attached at the top by the strap B passing to the buckle for the stirrup leather, and at the bottom by the strap C which is buckled to a small additional girth D. E is a strap turned on one side to show the top attachment. 3695. Blnns, G. A. March 23. FIB.l. (SI FIG.2. \ FIG. 3. Combs for combing the hair of animals are made with backs of drawn brass, steel, or other metal, bored for receiving round or flat teeth of tempered steel. Fig. 1 is a section of the back of the comb ; Fig. 2 shows the teeth, and Fig. 3 is an elevation of part of the comb. 3727. Wheeler, J. March 23. Saddles. — The side bars a of saddles, especially side saddles, are made flexible by considerably reducing them in thickness, or dividing them, at or about the middle, and strengthening or connecting the parts with leather h, c, or other suitable material. Saddles so constructed adapt themselves to the shape of the animal's back, and also prevent galling. 4144. Studdy, ». April 1. Saddle - girths ; hellyhands ; fastening. — The girthing attachment for harness saddles consists in passing the straps A first through loops on the ends of the strap B, which takes the place of the usual girth, then through loops on the ends of the straps C, which are secured above to the shaft- tugs D, and lastly buckling them to the strap E which takes the place of the usual bellyband. This girthing attachment is especially for use with two-wheeled vehicles, such as hansom cabs, where there is a tendency, when ascending a hill, for the shafts to rise up and so increase the necessary effort of the animal. Again, in case of a fall, the animal may be easily released by unbuckling one of the straps A from the strap E. 4 7 3 2. Xiory, C. K. April 17. Fastening hames. The hames are connected at the top by two hooks or by a hook A and stud B as shown, instead of by the usual straps and buckle. 20 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 4791. Mitchell, R. J. C. April 18. Clothing for aiumals. — The object is to produce a seamless covering for horses, fat cattle, &c. ; the apparatus employed is shown in the Figure, which is a vertical section through the centre. A piece of felt cloth A is taken, and whilst in the wet state is hung over the suitably-shaped pieces of metal B, which are fixed to an iron bar C supported by the up- rights D, and is then attached to the movable wooden bar E by tenter hooks which pass through the cloth close to the selvages. This wooden bar is slotted at its ends to slide up and down the +q uprights D, and during the stretching of the cloth is forced downwards by suitable levers __^ until the cloth has taken the required form. A current of hot air is then passed between the sides of the cloth to dry it. 4945. Wrig-ht, R. April 21. Stirrups. — The strap is attached by means of the roller A. Each of the arms is in two parts jointed to- gether at B, and the tread is pivoted to the lower parts of the arms as shown at C. 5024. Xiake, W. [HolusJca, L.]. April 23 Wh ip s combined with watches. The movement of the watch is mounted in a cylinder to fit into the whip handle. The spring is wound by turning the head A, which through a ratchet-wheel and pawls and crown-wheel turns a wheel on the barrel arbor The jewels bearing the pivots of the balance arbor are carried by spring arms to lessen the shock. The time is shown by the figures on the cylinders B, C appear- ing at openings in the stick. The cylinder B is turned every five minutes by the lever D, which is vibrated every five minutes by the star-wheel E. The discs are set by turning the head A the wrong way to act on the lever F which is brought into action by a sliding stop. The time may be shown by a miniature dial instead of the cylinders B, C. 5058. Haddan, K. J., [Jesch, E.]. April 23. Sjmrs. — Relates to a hollow spur C which can be inserted in a hole in the heel of a specially- con- structed boot B, and serves to ventilate the boot. The hollow spur may be replaced by a solid one in damp weather. 5833. Kaddan, K. J., [Waimoright, J. W.], May 12. Traces. — The object is to equalize the strain on each side of the draught animal, which is attained by securing suitable bearings to the front of the cab to take a continuous trace the ends of which are attached to the harness of the animal. The Figure shows, in perspective, the front of a hansom cab. A is a curved bar fitting the concave front of the cab, and supported at its ends by the usual stays B, its centre being secured to the vertical rod 0. It is provided with small pulleys in recesses D round the back of which passes a continuous trace E having hooks at its ends for attachment to the harness as usual. 5967. Xiarkin, R. May 15. Collars, neck. An elongated pad about a foot long and tapering at the ends is fitted on the inner side of the forewale of horse-collars. 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 6175. Karcourt, G. J., and Shaw, E. May 20. Rein-holders. — To a frame A, which may be secured to the vehicle or riding-saddle by a screw 1& or otherwise, is hinged the cam C. The reins are gripped between this cam and the frame. A piece D is hung freely from the pivot of the cam and prevents the rein from accidentally coming out. It will be seen that any pull of the horse on the reins only tightens them beneath the cam, but that they may be easily freed by a pull in the opposite direction. 6301. Diss, A. May 22. Fastening traces, draw-bolts for. The trace fits on a bolt which slides against the force of a spring in a bracket on the shaft. The Figure shows a plan of the arrangement. The casting B is secured to the shaft by three screws. When the knob or collar A attached to the bolt is drawn out by hand, the spring is compressed, and the trace which fits on the part D is released. I nil/ M|i^ fi e [f^ 6310. nXarsh, T. P. May 22. Collars. — Cart hames are covered with mode- rately-thick sheet brass A, the usual sheet iron sup- porting it being dispensed with. This is fixed to the wood frame B by closing it round and then firmly pressing it. The bottom loop C for the usual chain fastening is formed by bending a long strip of iron and nailing the long arms thus formed to the wood frame B. One or both arms extend beyond the draught hook D so as to strengthen the hame at this point. 7087. Kubner, C. June 10 Bits. — The bar g of the bit is bored to form the chamber o, the walls of which are perforated at s, s, the end being closed by a slide 'p- Refresh- ments are introduced into this chamber and pass through the holes to the horse's mouth, thus rendering removal of the bit to effect this unnecessary. 7351. Wint, T. J. June 16. Saddles ; pack saddles. — Relates to the mode of connecting the side-bars A, B and is applicable to both riding and pack saddles. A circular strip a is fixed by feet h to each end of the side-bars so that these strips overlap at each end and have their centre at a point about midway between the top edges of the side-bars. These strips, situated in pairs close to the pommel C and cantle D, are adjustably fastened together by nuts a^ upon bolts which take in the slots a'. By this arrangement, which may be slightly modified, the side-bars A, B may be inclined so as to fit the backs of different animals with but little alteration in the pommel and cantle. 7505. Thomas, W. F. June 19. Materials for mahing. — Straps for harness are strengthened by longitudinal wires or metal bands combined with coir yarn to form the warp weft is simply coir yarn. the 7514. Bolton, G. K. June 20. Whip-sochets. — Whips are secured in the sockets by means substantially similar to those shown in the Figure as applied for fastening the head of a cask or drum such as is used for paint &c. The head of the drum has an oval or irregular opening. An oval flange, or a pair of projections as shown, on 22 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 the lid are inserted while in the dix'ection of the longer diameter of the opening, and then the lid is turned so that they pass under the head of the drum and secure the lid. The Specification describes the application of the fastening to a variety of articles. 7633. Clark, A. »I., [Fisher, E., and McBride, T.]. June 23. Collars, neck. The collar is com- posed of two like parts A constructed of steel plate, of U -section, hinged at the top to an adjustable piece B which connects the side pieces A with the coupling o r saddle C secured to the neck pad D. Trace hooks E, having their points turned inward be- hind the flanges, are bolted on the front of the latter, which may be strengthened b y springs. The check rein hook F and the back strap hook G are formed in one piece and are fixed to the saddle C. The rings H are prevented from rattling by springs. 8204. Phipps, T. Ii., July 7. and Burman, W. Horse clippers and the like. — The cover A is attached to the fixed handle and has two pins B, B which pass through slots in the moving plate C and into holes in the fixed plate D. The moving handle E is pivoted on the bush F attached to the cover A, and actuates the plate C by means of the pin G which moves in an oblique slot in the plate. The friction between the cover and the plate C is relieved by the long antifriction rollers H, H, which are held in recesses in the cover in such a way as to prevent them from becoming detached when the apparatus is taken to pieces. The parts are held together by the bolt I, which passes through the fixed plate and the cover, and through a slot in the moving plate. The latter plate has a comb back and front and two oblique slots, enabling it to be reversed when one comb becomes unfit for use. 8388. Fisher, July 11. K. S., IFisher, N. A.]. Fastening collars, clasps for. To the top of the adjustable collar are secured the adjustable plates A by means of the slotted arms B, C and screws D. The arms B engage with the notched plates E which, like the arms C, are secured to plates fixed beneath the leather of the collar. The plates A are connected by a lug F fitting between shoulders as shown, guide-stops G facilitating adjustment. Slots H, H are for straps for attaching a pad to the clasp. 8515. Hutchinson, W. D. July 14 Interfering rings. — The object is to obviate the diffi- culty in stretching the usual rubber ring over the horse's hoof. The Figure shows a horizontal section through the ring and a transverse section on the line X y. The com- plete ring consists of a solid ring A within a divided tubular ring B. It is made by first winding a sheet of india-rubber aroimd a rubber 23 1885] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 cord (adhesion being prevented by interposing paper, French-chalk, &c.) ; next cutting to the right length and sticking the ends of the inner core together ; then shaping the ring (as shown) to fit the hoi'se's ankle and vulcanizing ; and, lastly, cutting across the outer tubular ring in one or more places. When the ring is cut across in several places the two rings may be fastened together. 8611. Boult, A. J., [Kraft, E.']. July 16. Fastenhig traces, buckle attachments for. The object is to clamp the trace in front of the tongue of the buckle to prevent the tongue from tearing the leather, and to permit adjustment without re- moving the trace from the buckle or hame-tug loops. The tongue plate A is pivoted at one end i;o the frame D, through which the trace passes, and is also pivoted to a link C connected to the hame tug B. 8940. Allen, E., and Cope, B. July 24. Stirrups, safety. The tread A is hinged at one end B to one leg of the inner bow C pivoted to the bow proper D, and is supported at the other end, which is formed with a pin E, in the open slot F. There may be a pin similarly supported at the other end of the tread. When the rider is thrown the foot presses upon the inner bow C, sausing it to turn into the position shown, and so allow the tread to fall away and release the foot. 9523. Barrett, K., and Varley, J. J. Aug. 10. Traces ; bridles. — The method of forming belts, described below, is stated to be applicable for forming traces and reins. The belt or strap is made by covering a flat strip or strips a, a, a of steel, ebonite, or other suitable material with india-rubber c, and vulcanizing. The strips may be coated with some fibrous material h, b, b, and the bands made in lengths joined by india-rubber or other spring connections. The ends may be connected by riveting, lacing, &c. 9873. Cottrell, J. Aug. 20. FIG. I. FIG 2 £ Stirrup straps, suspending. — Relates to a safety saddle- bar. The stirrup strap is attached to a loop upon a piece A formed with two parallel circular wings C supported by the front of a case or frame B which passes between them. The sides of this frame are curved to bear against the inner circular wing, and the frame is riveted to the tree for a gentleman's saddle, or fastened by a buckle for a lady's saddle. When the rider is thrown back- wards the piece A rotates sufficiently to become free from the frame ; when thrown forwards the piece A comes freely away in an upward direction. 10,192. Wilson, T. Aug. 28. Runaivay horses, releasing /fastening traces, draw- bolts for. Relates to means for automatically 24 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 detaching horses from fire - engines or other vehicles. The roller bolts by which the traces are connected to the vehicle are made removable, and are detached from the splinter bar by springs whenever the spring catches by which they are held are released by the movement of a lever. The Figure shows one of the roller bolts A fitting loosely in a socket B let into the splinter bar. A spring catch C fits into a groove in the roller bolt and holds the latter against the pressure of a spring D in the socket. AH the spring catches are withdrawn simultaneously by a lever actuated by the driver's foot, thus setting free the bolts which are shot out by the springs D. 10,247. Sampson, G-. D. Aug. 29. Fastening traces. The fastener, fixed by screws or otherwise to the part to be drawn or held, e.g. the shaft, splinter bar, or single-tree of a vehicle, consists of the fixed part A to which is pivoted the piece B. This is provided with a pin C which is passed into a loop in the end of the trace, and then introduced into the slot in the part A. The arrangements admit of easy disconnection in the event of the horse falling or for any other reason. 10,345. Taber, "W. D. Sept. 1. Rein-holders. — Relates to a device for holding bearing reins. The bearing rein is attached by the hook A to the strap B, which has a thinner part at C and D and may extend backwards, if desired, to the driver's seat. This strap passes between the inclined surface E of the frame F and a cam- shaped tongue Gr pivoted to this frame, which is fixed to the harness saddle. To tighten the bear- ing rein the strap B is pulled backwards and then released, when the cam again grips the strap. To relax the rein the strap is pulled backwards till the part C is beneath the cam. This then swings forwards against a stop by reason of a spring allowing the strap B to be pulled forwards. To remove any difficulty in pulling the strap for- wards, a recess may be placed in the side of the frame a little to the side of the lower edge of the tongue. 10,407. Blew, A. J., [Lublinshi, D.]. Sept. 2. FIG. 2. FIG. I. Fastening traces to carriages. The object is to enable the traces to be readily secured to or dis- engaged from the roller bolts or studs by which they are usually connected to the vehicle. Fig. 1 shows in plan the invention as applied to double harness. A is a portion of the splinter-bar carry- ing the roller bolt B on the top of which are hinged three plates C, D, E, so that E lies close against the inner edges of C and D. By raising first E and then C and D to a vertical position, the trace can be slipped over them and on to the roller bolt ; and by then turning the plates down again, the trace is secured. Fig. 2 shows a modification in which a single plate F is used ; it is hinged on a stud G and can turn horizontally to cover the top of the roller bolt or stud H for securing the traces. The plate F may carry a larger plate to form an ordinary carriage step. This method of securing the traces is also applicable for single harness, in which case K would represent a portion of the " f utchel " bar. 10,608. Armes, W. Sept. 8. Dravnngs to Specification. Lining and padding. — The saddle, collar, knee- caps, and other parts of the harness are lined with 25 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 india-rubber or other suitable cloth inflated with air. 11,399. Trlckett, J. Sept. 24. Horse clippers and the lihe. — The bows A, B are pivoted at C, and have spaces for the fingers and thumb. The spiral spring D restores the combs to their normal position on removing the pres- 11,470. sure of the hand. Underneath the lower comb is an adjustable comb, to regulate the length of the hair, or the lower comb may be detached by un- screwing the nut E and one of different thickness substitute!. In an alternative arrange- ment the combs are on arms, pivoted together as before ; but the movable comb is actuated by an eccentric working in a slot and driven by spur or bevel gearing. In this form the instrument is held in one hand while the other works a handle, which drives the bevel gearing. 11,470. Spence, R. J. P., and Storrar, R. Sept. 26. Measuring for collars. — The instrument consists of a frame A through which passes a number of rods B which, when the instrument is in position, at their inner ends touch the animal's neck. These rods, which (except those at top and bottom) are urged inwards by elastic bands as shown, are pre- ferably clamped when in position, the instrument being removed by opening out one side as shown by the dotted lines. If graduated, however, they need not be clamped, and the instrument may be taken off over the head. The clamps may be of any form, but several at each side are preferably clamped simultaneously by a rod passing through the tube C. The shaded Figure shows the form of opening which the collar is required to have. {For Drawing see next column.) \% ■0.6 11,591. Blowat, O. 6. Sept. 29. Saddles. — The seam up the middle of the seat in the usual form of pilch saddle is covered by an additional piece of leather or seating A sewn to it. To this are sewn the skirts B, which cover the saddle-bars, now no longer placed in " pockets." By these modifications the pilch saddle has the appearance of an ordinary riding saddle. 11,642. Iiennard, S. Sept. 30. Spur-carriers. — The elastic sides of a special form of boot are protected by leather flaps attached to the front and fastened at the back of the boot. In military boots, these flaps may be connected by a strap carrying the spur. 26 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 11,858. Bagrshaw, F. W. Oct. 6. Saddleti. — Relates to an adjustable tension saddle for velocipedes and horses. The frame of the saddle is formed of two metal plates A and B sliding one upon the other and connected by a stud E and nut D. The stud passes through a hole in the upper plate and a slot in the lower plate. A screw U mounted in the lug F fixed to the plate B works in the lower part of the stud E and serves to adjust the tension of the leather by moving the plate A backwards or forwards as required. 11,897. Cox, A. W. Oct. 6. 1 \ > I Fastening halter and harness chains or straps. A spring link is formed from a single piece of wire bent into a loop at the end C for the end of one chain D and into a pair of loops at the end B. The pair of loops pass through the oblong slot a in the cross-bar A and have a tendency to separate, an action which takes place when the cross-bar is in the position shovm in dotted lines. E is a loop which is fastened to the other chain F or to a strap, and against which the cross-bar is drawn when the connection is made. 11,972. Jackson, C. Oct. 8. Horse boots are made from a hardened mixture of asbestos and a resinous binding-material, such as shellac, described in Specification No. 11,976, A.D. 1885. The loose asbestos fibre is mixed with a concentrated alcoholic solution of shellac, and partially dried in a current of air. It is then shaped as required by pressure in a mould ; spirals of soft steel wire may be embedded in it. The article is then dried completely, and, if required to be hard, is repeatedly saturated with shellac solution and dried. It is finally heated to 300° or 400° F. and submitted to heavy pressure. 12,311. Nicholls, F. V. Oct. 15. Stirrup straps, suspending. — In saddle-bars the stirrup strap is hung from the part A, which is provided at its rear end with the usual safety catch B. A spring stud C bearing against the con- cave top of the part A presses it down upon the two hooks D, E fixed to the plate F, which is firmly attached to the tree. The hook E may be replaced by a staple, and the projection which fits into it by a ring to prevent loss of the piece A when the rider is unhorsed, over the back of the animal. For ladies' use the part A is a closed link, the safety catch B being unnecessary, and the hook E is placed at a higher level than D. 12,456. Dolman, G-. W. Oct. 19. Spur-carriers. — Upon the heel of a cavalry or field boot is a metal strip extending vertically between the stiffener and counter to carry the spur, and to serve as a support for the heel stiffeners. 12,618. Xiake, K. K., [Lechel, H.}. Oct. 21. Saddles. — The saddle-tree for either ladies' or gentlemen's saddles consists of two side boards A joined at the back to the cantle B by a curved iron rail and in front by an arched iron strip. Over and between these side boards is stretched, and held by a curved piece C, the seat D " like a tight " drum skin." The support E for the stirrup strap and the horns F, G for a lady's saddle are fixed to the side board as shown. The saddles formed from these trees are lighter than usual, for the thick padding may be dispensed with, and do not press upon the spine or withers of the animal. 27 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 12,713. Andrews, ». Oct. 23. 13,005. Bits. — Consists in the use with any ordinary bit of a novel form of " players." These are made up of three rings B, B, and C, of which B, B slide upon the mouth bar A while the ring C is connected to the rings B, B by intermediate links or bars E, E. By the action of this device the angles of the animal's mouth can be made to relax and the control over it increased. 12,902. Iiake, W. R., [Roberts, B. P.]. Oct. 27. Bits. — The bar of the bit is made up of or carries one or more rollers to prevent it from be- ing held between the teeth of the animal, the rollers being arranged so that no lateral pres- sure comes upon the mouth. The Figure shows a sec- tion taken a little to the front of the middle line. Two rods F connect the rings C of the bit, and upon these rods are mounted rollers E, E. In the middle is the piece D connected to the sides by bars J, J. In a modification, the bit is formed with a continuous rolling or rotating surface on each side, or only on one side ; or, in place of rollers, balls may be employed, turning in sockets. 13,005. Og-den, S., and Jackson, Z. Oct. 29. Fastening traces. To each end of the trace A is attached by bolts or rivets &c. a metal plate B formed -with teeth to grip the substance of the trace and with a loop C to receive the similar part D. The parts C and D are connected by a pin E, and the part D is either fixed directly or by means of a loop to the hame or other part of the harness or to the vehicle. {For Drairing see next column.) B C 13,162. Renton, G-., and Davies, J. K. Oct. 31. nc.i. Stirruj) straps, suspending. — Relates to safety devices for attaching stirrup straps to saddles. Fig. 1 shows a plan and Fig. 2 a sectional elevation of the device for a gentleman's saddle ; Fig. 3 is an end sectional elevation of the device as applied to a lady's saddle. To the pommel of a gentleman's saddle is fixed a box A into which are fitted two blocks B which are interlocked as shown and carry loops C to which the stirrup straps D are attached. If the rider is thrown the blocks B leave the box A and release the stirrup straps. A pivoted tongue prevents the stirrup strap from being freed by any other than a very violent pull. The blocks B may be in separate boxes, or there may be but one block. For ladies' saddles the block E with its loop F for the stirrup strap fits into the box G fixed to the saddle flap by the plate H. 13,350. Boult, A. J., [Gillespie, T. G., and Cassan, M. S.'\. Nov. 4. Fastening neck collars. The improvements relate to fastening the free ends of those collars which 28 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 are opened out and placed over the neck of the animal. The lower ends have fixed to them caps B and C, one C having conical undercut pro- jections E to engage in the keyhole slots a when the ends are suitably twisted and allowed to spring back. A central projection h on one cap takes into a hole in the other to ensure the due engagement of these parts. 13,678. Carter, J. Nov. 10. Stirrup straps, suspending. — Relates to a safety saddle-bar. The part A upon which the loop of the stirrup strap rests has its under edge A^ slanting upwards at a considerable angle, and has pivoted to its rear end the catch B shaped as shown. A spring C bearing against the catch B lies in a groove in the lower edge of the part A. A considerable gap E is left between the catch B and the part A^ which carries the lugs z, z by which the saddle-bar is fixed to the tree. When the rider is thrown so that the stirrup strap is pulled directly backward the catch B releases it, whereas if the strap is pulled across the saddle the loop slides up the incline A' and so becomes free, the gap E preventing it from catching above. 13,868. Day, R. "W. Nov. 13. Materials for making. — Consists in the use of circular or other suitable webbing of linen or like material for making harness. 14,209. Auld, R. Nov. 20. Pads for horse-collars. The pad A, of leather &c. suitably stuffed, has a double wedge shape as shown, and is attached to the collar by the loop B in front and the strap C behind. This strap is fastened to a buckle fixed to the collar by the prongs D. Nov. 23. 14,346. Barelre, J. G. Saddle - girths are made elastic in the middle for about eighteen inches, or throughout if pre- ferred. Several modes of rendering it elastic may be used. The central part may be of pure thick india - rubber which extends as a thin coating over the rest of the girth, or of a webbing of threads of rubber in juxta- position, or inter- woven with other threads. The Figure shows the junction between the inelastic cords A and the rubber cords B in one method.! The former cords are seen covering the latter at C, the cords A being further joined together at the junction by a transverse band D of webbing. 14,419. Bal- ling" er, VIL, Nov. 24. Rein -■ holders. — To the short metal bar or tube A carrying the hand strap B are fixed short straps . or chains C provided with hooks D for hooking into two of a series of eyes E fixed to each 29 1885] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1885 15,205. Nangrle, W. C. Dec. 11. Fastening straps, friction grip devices for. The invention is described with reference to a fastening for straps for securing a travelling-rug or a bundle of rugs, but it is applicable also for fastening harness. To the end of one strap A is fixed the body a of the screw clamp, the end of the other strap A' passing beneath the end of the milled- headed screw d. The surface against which the strap is pressed is preferably roughened, and the end of the screw is also roughened or has a roughened plate/ pivoted to it. 15,223. Warner, J. E. Dec. 11. Whi2}s. — The stock, shown in section in the Figure, is formed of a number of strips of triangular section cemented together. 15,515. Ziowe, M. K. Dec. 17. Muzzles for dogs &c. The longitudinal wires A, A diverge in front and below, allowing the protrusion of the tongue and thus enabling the dog &c. to lap. The muzzle is connected to the collar B by a broad band C of leather or metal above, by the chain D below and by loops at the ends of the side wires E. 15,675. Ogrden, S., and Peters, C. Dec. 21. h=^ZI Traces are made of woven material with special couplings at the end, of which two modifications are shown in the Figure, which represents a trace A attached to a hame B and a draught chain C. The left-hand coupling consists of a looped plate D, which is riveted to the trace and may be provided with teeth to increase the holding power. The loop receives the pin E, which has a lug corre- sponding with a notch in the loop to prevent it from being unfastened except when desired. The right-hand coupling consists of a toothed plate F riveted to the woven strap and to a loop G. When the strap is required to have a varying length it is divided near one end, and one part is burnt with several holes and eyeleted while the other has a stud or hook &c. fixed to it. Loops are provided to keep the stud within the eyelet. SO 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 A.D. 1886. 145. Whiting-, J. E. Jan. 5. Whips; spurs. — A rowel is placed in the handle or ferrule of a whip or riding cane so as to project through a slot formed therein. This rowel may either be fixed rigidly or it may be attached to an arm B pivoted at C and pressed outwards at the lower end by the spring D, a sliding ring A serving to urge the rowel outwards or allow it to be retracted. In one modification the spring is replaced by a projection placed on the arm above the pivot so as to be acted upon by the ring, and in a second modification the arm is fixed and the hoUow handle is hinged. 245. Edwards, E., [Bourguet, L. F. A., and Decarpentry, A . E. Nr\. Jan. 6. Stirrups. — The tread C is pivoted at D, D to the legs B, B, so that it may turn into the position shown. The object is to give ease in riding. 964. Barlow, W. A., [Jiirgensen, J. F. C]. Jan. 21. RuyiavMy horses^ releasing ; fastening traces, draw- bolts for. The Figure shows a sectional plan of a carnage body fitted with the apparatus. The swingle-tree A is made hollow, and in it slides a bolt having projecting hooked pins B which can slide in slots in A, and to which the traces are attached. A rack C can, by means of a treadle D operated by the driver's foot, be made to slide into engagement with and rotate a pinion E which actuates levers F, G, H, and causes the bolt to slide in the swingle-tree and release the traces. The cross-bar to which the pole-chains are attached is made detachable from the pole so that the horses will be fully released. 3440. Cope, J. March 11. Stirrups. — Relates to a safety stirrup, in which the hinged leg A is connected to the tread E, pivoted at B by some form of catch, preferably one in which a pin C on the leg A with a recess near the pin takes into a bayonet slot in the projection D on the tread, the projection passing into the recess. The tread may also be hinged near its pivoted end for additional security. 31 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 3 653. Ruck, R. M. March 15. Fastening^ shackles or slip-hooks for. The Figure shows a longi- tudinal section of the hook, of which the tongue B is hinged below to the stem A and is held at its point by a hook C^ of U - shape which projects through the slot C. This bolt is held by the rubber piece D in a slot at right - angles to the slot C. A slot D^ is cut in the rubber to enable the movement of the bolt C to be freer. 3700. Kohne, J. B. March 16. Saddles^ ladies'. The leaping head a and the near side head b are both arranged to swing up- wards and outwards when the rider is thrown side- ways, and so prevent the habit from catching upon either head. The leaping head a is pivoted near its top to the fixed metal fork c, while the near side head h is hinged to a stout metal strip d at the back, an arrangement which may be sub- stituted for the fork in the case of the leaping head a if desired. 4286. Xiitchfield, C. March 26. Riveting - machines. — Relates to machines for securing tubular rivets for connecting together parts of harness &c. The rivets are introduced between the dies on the machine by means of a swinging arm A having spring jaws B which are recessed on the inner side to receive the rivets and are adjusted by a set-screw C. A coiled spring D is inserted between the head E of the hinge pin and the arm A, in order to render it adjustable to the varying thickness of the material to be operated upon. 4353. Kemry, F. Xi. March 27. Bach and bellybands ; breeching. — The main object is to remove pressure from the animal's spine and to give him freedom. The back strap A is forked at the front, the straps B being attached to the hame rings 0. It is also split at the back, the straps D being bridged over by the metal pieces E, F, and G. To the piece E the hip straps H supporting the traces K are fixed ; and to the piece G the breeching straps L are fixed. The ends of the breeching are held in place by the strap M attached to the back strap A, and also by the lower straps N, which connect it by means of the strap O to the bellyband P, and to the front hold-back strap Q, which is attached to the neck yoke R suspended from the collar as shown, or is attached directly to the collar. The back pad S or upper part of the bellyband R carries two rings at the top for holding the straps B apart. The 32 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c [1886 bridge F carries spring hooks for supporting the traces ; these yield and liberate the trace if accidentally dragged while the horse is being hitched up. 4621. Croebee, S. April 2. <: > Ornaments^ harness. These ornaments are stamped in a piece with the prongs for attaching, which are afterwards bent at right-angles, as shown in the lower Figure. 5171. NichoUs, P. V. April 14. Stirrups, safety. Near the lower end of one leg is a hinge C, below which the tread D is pivoted ; the end of the other leg is made with an open- ended slot and with projections B, upon which the flattened part of the pin A fixed to the tread rests, the other part of the pin, which is round, passing through the slot as shown. If the rider is thrown, his foot will cause the tread to turn on its pivots until the flat part of the pin A escapes from the slot, when the tread will swing down upon the hinge C and release the foot. 5178. Ziovatt, T. W. April 14. Knee-caps for horses. To the cloth foundation A carrying the attaching-straps J is sewn the pad B, preferably of leather in front and india-rubber behind, with a padding of horse-hair &c. between. The leather is also sewn to the rubber and cloth along the transverse line C so as to form a hinge. 5261. Pass, E. de, [Bourget, H.']. April 15 ,-V Stopping runaiDay horses, means for. The cross- bar A is driven forwards against the hind legs of the horse by a rack B, with pinion actuated through worm gearing by the handle C, the arrangement being fixed on the floor of the vehicle in front of the driver's seat. Straps D connected to the other end of the rack pass forward, and are connected to a cross-bar E, caused to occupy the position shown by a spring, pivoted to an adjustable support F connected to the collar or shafts ; on operating the rack the bar E is turned down and pressed against the horse's fore-legs. Instead of the bar E a strap may be used, stretch- ing between two spring bars fixed to the collar or shaft and connected to the straps D. P 10362 33 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 5650. Sain, A April 24. Amended. Horse clippers and the nice. — Behind the fixed comb A are fitted extra combs B of various depths t o alter the length of hair cut. These are held on by recesses 0 fitting the ends of the permanent teeth and by a screw D bearing against the end of A. Instead of a set of combs there may be a single spring comb, which is pushed out- w a r d to different distances by a screw passing through the bridge E, and a slot in the oscillating comb F. Sometimes there are intermediate .spring combs to ensure straightness of the hairs. 5805. Iiake, H. H., [Miller, J. P., Driscoll, F. F., and Curley, T.]. April 28. Pads. — The pads, used principally beneath harness and riding saddles, are made of rubber moulded approximately to the shape of the animal's back and vulcanized. The rubber A is then stitched to the leather part of the saddle as shown at B, a stuffing of hair &g. C being interposed. As the pad is waterproof perspira- tion cannot enter and render it hard, and as it is moulded to shape the tension on all parts is the . same. 6093. Smith, W. J. May 5. Stirrups. — 'A pad of rubber is fixed to the upper surface of the tread to prevent the foot from becoming cold or slipping. Harcourt, Cr. J., and Shaw, S. 6125. May 6 Rein - holders. — The reins are gripped between the horizontal part h of the L-shaped arm B, and the U -shaped carrier A fixed to th( splashboard oi other part of th( vehicle by a screw The arm B i pivoted to th( carrier A, and i„ urged by a spring in a direction away from the driver. tk.a» 6185. Roberts, W. C. May 7. Rein-holders. — The Figure shows a holder for a single pair of reins, but by increasing the number of holding-loops two or more pairs may be held. The reins are passed through the holding-loops «', which have oppositely-threaded stems a^ screwing into nuts a^, so that on turning the handle a the loops a' are withdrawn or protruded and thus grip the reins against the slotted pieces h, or allow them to be withdrawn. The extent of motion of the eye- bolts a^ is regulated by springs and stops beneath the loops and by screws a^*. 6802. Hawkins, J. May 20. Bits. — The side levers A to which the reins are attached are pivoted at A' to the sides B, which carry the mouth-bar X, either as shown or pivoted at A'. A noseband C (which may be roughened) is passed through the slots B', B^ in each side piece, and through a slot in each side lever A, being con- tinued by a chain D behind the animal's lower jaw. 34 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 A second strap E, also passing behind the jaw, is buckled to rings at the top of the side pieces. On pulling the reins the bit is drawn back as usual, but, in addition, the strap and chain are tightened against the nose and jaw. In a modification, the mouth-bar and side pieces B are omitted, the strap passing behind the jaw being fastened to the top of the side pieces, and the noseband being attached to them a little lower down. 6814. Blew, A. J. May 20. Fastening pole chains or straps. '^^^^ '■-'' The metal plate A '"^s^^ / on the top surface ^ / at the end of the / / pole supports two ', ,'' downwardly - pro - "^.-^ jecting roller-bolts C on which are placed the loops of the pole straps or chains. A plate on the under surface of the pole, pivoted at E, supports the loops on the bolts, and is secured by a bolt passing through a hole in the plate, or by a bell- crank frame on the pivot Gr which prevents the plate from moving laterally. The object of the invention is to facilitate the attaching and detaching of horses. 7094. Baker, A.., and Nesbitt, W. May 27. Collars, neck. The collar is specially adapted for use in collieries. The collar body A and hames B are divided and hinged at the bottom C, and are connected at the top by some form of spring catch. The hames are preferably hollow and are P 10362 35 fixed to the collar by screws &c. The draught hooks D and straps E are attached to the hames by staples. 7135. Dove, Zi. May 27. Fastening pole-chains. The Figure shows a link for connecting chains, which may also be used for connecting pole-chains to the pole crab. The entrance to the two hooks o, b is closed by a cap c fitted with a bayonet joint to the stem d ; in the case of a pole crab the stem d has a socket fitting on the pole, and the hooks carry the chain. F1C.2. 7297. Wheeler, A. J. May 31. Fastening traces, hooks for. These hooks are made from sheet metal or wire and may be used for several purposes, as for braces, gloves, &c., and for securing traces to vehicles. The Figure shows two of several modifications suit- able for braces. The essential features consist in the later- ally-projecting tongue b and the curved groove c for the ring or loop, which is inserted by a twisting movement. Fig. 2 shows a modification with a stud d for entering the ring after it has been twisted over the hook. This stud is fixed to a spring plate which is pressed back by a button e when the ring has to be attached or removed. (J 2 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 7339. Blag-oon, C. K. June 1. d Clothing for animals. — Relates to horse blankets. The blanket is made to fit the horse as shown, and secured in position by a tail-piece a and special fastenings at h and c. These consist of an elastic band attached at one end a little distance from the edge of the cloth and bearing at its other end a hook d which engages with a chain e attached to the other edge of the blanket. The blanket can thus be adjusted to fit horses of different sizes. 7458. Edney, A. J., June 3. and Stanning', K. Muzzles for dogs &c. To the wire frame A, covering the upper part of the head and the upper jaw, is attached, by a moderately-strong spring B, a wire frame C covering the lower jaw. The end of this frame C passes outside and is guided by the rectangular wire frame D hinged at E to the frame A, and provided at the front with a plate F to prevent chafing. By this device the animal can open his mouth against the action of the spring for drinking &c. (as shown in the dotted lines), but cannot protrude his jaws so as to bite any external object. 7698. Boult, A. J., [Gillespie, T. G.']. June 8. Fastening neck collars. The collar is divided at the bottom, and over the ends are fitted two metal caps B, C ; in the end plate of B are two holes formed as shown, and on 0 are two cone-like pro- jections notched on the underside ; the projections are pressed into the holes, and the notches catch over the edges of the holes, securing the parts in position. 7906. Wheeler, A. J. June 12. Stirrup straps, suspending. — The stirrup strap is buckled or otherwise attached to a backwardly- curved ring (dotted in the Figure) which passes over the hook B^ This is attached by a screw B or rivet to a plate A which is formed with an over- hanging ledge A', a projecting part A^, and also a slot A^ to give more room for the ring and lighten the device. This plate is attached to the saddle- tree by lugs with holes a, or to the ordinary saddle- bar by the screw B and a flanged nut at the back. 36 188&] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 When the rider is thrown in any direction the ring carrying the stirrup strap frees itself from the hook B', but the ledge A* prevents its disengagement under ordinary circumstances. 7940. Brooks, J. B. June 15. Dog collars. — There are three distinct improve- ments ; (1) an improved lock .for fastening the ends of the collar ; (2) forming the bosses of metal collars by stamping the metal itself ; and (3) pre- venting leather collars from being cut, by securing wires along the edges. The locking-device consists of a box a which contains the locking-mechanism, and is hinged at 6 to one end of the collar, a staple c into which the bolt d of the lock catches, and a pin e which is passed through one of the series of holes / in the other end of the collar, and takes into the hole g of the lock. The lock is arranged so that the key is only necessary for unlocking. 7994. Bertram, !■. B. June 15. Fastening straps, horse cloths, &c., friction grip devices for. The fastening consists of two rings or pierced plates A, B, loosely secured to one end 0 of a strap &c. D. The other end of the strap is passed through both rings and returned through between them. J. G., [Curtis, D.]. 8187. Tongrue, June 21. Horse-boots are lined with a plate of zinc a to give rigidity and to cool the fetlock. (For Drawing see next column.) 8187. 8243. Cook, R. T. June 22. Yokes, neclc, connecting to poles of vehicles. The hook 0, shaped as shown and fixed to the end of the pole A, engages a ring tl secured by eyes c to the centre of the neck yoke B. ' 8383. Klngr, J. C. June 25. 37 Stirrup straps, suspending. — Each stirrup I is hung at right-angles to its usual position from the 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 middle of a strap H, each end of which is secured to a loop F which passes over a hook G and is held thereon by a spring E until the rider may be accidentally thrown. 8820. Couteau, Zi. A. July 6. Refreshing animals by liquid jets. The liquid is forced from a suitable reservoir by the rider or driven along a conveniently-arranged tube ending in a rose jet or connected to a hollow bit. In the Figure the liquid passes from the reservoir A through the tube B to the jet C. 8867. Carmont, W. E. July 7. Stirrups, treads for. The india-rubber strips A forming the tread fit in dovetailed recesses in the metal plate B. Metal springs or pins C are embedded in the rubber to prevent slipping in wet weather. 9010. Og-den, S. July 10. Traces of woven or textUe material, or the ma- terials for forming them, are treated with some substance which is insoluble in water, which will not readily wear away or separate from the fabric, and which at ordinary temperatures presents a smooth and non-adherent surface, the object being to diminish friction. Ozokerit, paraffin wax, and the like are suitable substances, and may be mixed, if desired, with suitable resins, pitch, &c., and with powdered plumbago, steatite, &c. 9078. Keckmann, N. J., and Nlgrhtln- g-ale, G. P. July 12. Lining and padding ; collars ; saddles. — Collars, saddles, and such other parts of har- ness as are usually padded, are fitted instead with i n - flated india-rubber bags, preferably strengthened and protected by wire gauze. The collar shown is formed of two trough-shaped metal sides A with h ames B and hinged at the top C, a snap fastening D being provided at the bottom. The inflated bags E are cemented within these trough-shaped sides. A metal shell may similarly be used in the construction of other parts of harness where convenient. 9361. Simpson, W. S. July 19. O o 0^^ — ]^ O C ' lA ' Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle - bars for. The loop A to which the stirrup strap is attached is supported in the bend B of the sheet-metal clip C, being held from accidental displacement by the spring tongue D. The clip rests upon the usual spring bar E, and is provided with a forked piece F engaging wi^h the spring catch G. If the rider be thrown in an upward direction the loop A leaves the clip C, and if dragged sideways the clip leaves the spring bar. 9979. Xdacedo, J. A. de* Stirrups. — The stirrup A is suspended by the bow-shaped piece B pivoted to the sides at C, C, and carrying the eye for the stirrup strap. .38 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 10,445. Cornut, R. Aug. 14. Nnsebags. — Consists of a bag divided, by an inclined partition h which passes nearly to the bottom, into two parts c and d. The food is placed in the part c and gradually fills into the part d as it is consumed. The opening a to the bag is strengthened by a ring or otherwise, and a flap e prevents any food from being tossed out by the animal or lost when the bag is not in use. The bag is suspended by the side strap / and front strap g. 10,684. Sg-leton, F. A., and Osborne, Aug. 20. ' S. . _ Muzzles for dogs. Relates to improvements on the ' invention described in Specification No. 7458, A.D. 1886, in which the hinged front piece A is guided by two curved links B and thus prevented from being bent by the animal's paw, or otherwise, which would prevent it from opening its mouth to drink. ; Tlie piece A of U-form is hinged at the ends to I the frame C for the top of the head and the links B are hinged to the frame D for the lower law. The frames C and D are hinged together at E, and the I latter is pressed upwards by the spring F. 10,771. Jensen, Aug. 23. Fastening traces &c., spring hooks for. The device is for connect- ing traces &c. to vehicles and is designed to lessen jerks. Between two bars B, C, connected to the vehicle and trace respectively, are intet-posed a row of helical springs E, which may exert their force in resistance to compression, as in the Figure, or to exten- sion. In the former case the bars B, C are guided by sliding on the rods on which the springs are coiled, and in the latter case by links. Stops F pre- vent the springs from being permanently deformed. P., ISidm, J. T. B.I. 11,073. G-arstin, A. Aug. 31. Muzzles for dogs. One form of muzzle is shown in the Figure, the distinguishing features being (1) the firm attachment afforded by the head straps, which prevents the parts around the nose from touching it; (2) the provision for lapping afforded by the two separated front wires G ; and (3) the absence of any part to obstruct the sight. In a modifica- tion, the nose wires are bent in a special manner in the place of the com- plete rings D, E, F. Hardened leather strips are preferably used instead of metal wires. 11,125. Dearden, S. Sept. 1. Halters. — In place of the usual worked loop at the end of the halter, a metal &c. ring is employed. This ring A is formed with a T-piece B which is sewn between the webbing 0, as shown. (^For Dravnng see next page.") 39 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 11,125. 11,434. Pfandner, K. Sept. 8. Bits. — The ordinary bar a, to which the rein A is fastened, is recessed at the back to receive the small bar b, which is con- nected to it by spring catches x, and fastened to a second rein B, which in bits for driving is led through loops in the rein A. If the bar a is hinged in the middle, the bar h is hinged also. When the animal attempts to bolt with the bit between its teeth the bar b is pulled backwards, as shown, to restrain it. 11,618. Nichols, W. E. Sept. 13. Muzzles for animals. The under jaw A is hinged to loops of the back ring B, and is fitted with springs which tend to close it. A frame C, with a loop sliding on the bar D, guides the under jaw and limits and guards the opening. The muzzle is connected to the collar by a strap E, which may be replaced by a wire, by loops on the side wires F (which may, however, be dispensed with, the side wires terminating at the back ring B), and by a link G. The joints of the wires and the bottom cross-wire A are flattened to avoid scratching or hurting the animal. 12,794. Parring-ton, BE. Muzzles for horses. The muzzle, which is designed to pre- vent wind-sucking, biting the manger, &c., consists of a band A to which are secured two metal bands B, C fastened together by the nut D and aided by additional bands E if desired. An adjustable mouth-bar G con- nects the sides of the band B. This muzzle is fastened to the usual head- stall, or is itself formed with fore- head and throat straps H, I. It may, if desired, be covered with leather. Oct. 7. 1 13,457. Coleman, V. A. Oct. 21. Halters ; fasten- ing.— The connec- tions consist of the nose-pieces A, the check-piece B, the buckle C, and the loop D, in addition to the usual buckle E. The centre or con- necting arms of the pieces A, B are slightly depressed below the sur- rounding portion to give room for the crossing of the straps and to give a better appear- ance. The various straps may be con- nected as shown, or the rivets a, b may be replaced by fixed pins, or the straps may be sewn to the pieces A, B. 40 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 13,659. Bowley, B. C, & Co.]. Oct. 25. [trading as Bowley Spu7's and spur-camers for cavalry. A boot is made of the ordinary "Blucher" form, except that the tongue is not attached to the sides but is cut to meet them so that it can be placed either before or behind the lacing. A separate legging is pro- vided, closed behind and strengthened by a back strip. When it is to be worn the legging is first put on and then the boot, which is laced with the tongue outside, and the legging is then let down on the boot as shown. A leather spur rest A is attached to the heel of the legging, and a slot B cut in the inner side and strengthened by stitching &c. The spur is placed above the rest A and secured by the chain C, which is passed through the slot B so as to hold down the legging, and by the strap D. The strap D is cut large enough to cover the instep opening in the legging, and is blocked to shape. 13,713. Clark, Oct. 26. A. T/l., [Dufresne, A.]. Collars ; fastening collars and hames, hooks and couplings for. The collar is divided at the bottom, and the lower ends c are enclosed in curved metal pieces a, which may be connected together by any form of catch or by a special catch in which the T-shaped head of a bolt is passed through an oblong slot and turned by the handle d. The hames are secured at the bottom to the hook g, fixed as shown, and prevented from turning by a feather. 14,289. Rees-Phillpps, K. Nov. 5. Stirrup straps, suspending, — Relates to a safety saddle-bar a, which may be of any ordinary type provided with the spring latch c, and is hinged by a knuckle joint to the axle pin e which is pro- vided at the back of the fixing-plate h with a seg- mental disc the motion of which is defined by a stop. If the rider be thrown across the horse the bar a is pulled upwards by the stirrup strap d so that it turns upon the knuckle joint into the position r and then immediately afterwards, by turning on the axle pin e, into the position s. If the rider be thrown over the horse's head, the bar a simply turns on the pivot e, the spring latch in each case opening out to free the stirrup strap. 14,641. Barton, R. Nov. 12. Tugs, shaft. — The shaft loop 6, with the loops c and buckle frame a for the suspending-strap, are of metal cast in one piece, the buckle tongue being fitted subsequently. 41 1886] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 14,662. Cheney, J. W. Nov. 12. Tails, devices for controlling. — The device is intended to prevent horses from swinging their tails over the reins or holding them in any un- desirable position. The Figure shows one form of the device, which has several modifications in which certain parts are hinged and adjusted in various ways. The metal rods or tubes A carry the crupper C at one end, are continued in the rigid side straps B, and are attached at i to the back-strap S, which is either rigid or otherwise and is hooked at h to the harness saddle. Two rods R, one on each side of the tail, are adjusted in any suitable way to the rods or tubes A, and carry the tail support C to which the tail is held by the strap T. 15,345. Willis, A. J. Nov. 25. f JC.1. WhijJS. — Relates to the combination of cigarette and match receptacles with whip bandies and stems. The whip is bored to retain a tube A, with helical slot a, containing an inner tube B, with longitudinal slot b. A disc C with pins c fitting the slots a, h supports the cigarettes and is raised or lowered on turning one of the tubes by suitable means. Either tube may be outside, and either may be fixed to the stick. In Fig. 1 the outer tube is fixed-artr'8-to"the-s*tick and the inner tube to the handle H, which may form a receptacle for matches, or the inner tube may be prolonged and turned by a milled head above the match box. In Fig. 2 the outer tube is rotated by turning a stud y having a toothed wheel x engaging a wheel w. 16,030. Xiockwood, W. Dec. 7. "oT Nopebags and food containers, supporting. The nosebag or can containing food is supported by an arm which is fixed to the hame or shaft &c., and is either in one piece or folds or telescopes together. The Figure shows one form, in which a folding aim G is secured to the shaft A by a joint piece E and to a piece L secured to the nosebag &c. by a pin C and screw D. 16,497. Hill, E. J. Dec. 16. FIC I Fastening, slip-hooks for. The invention is described with regard to uncoupling railway car- riages and lifting-tackle, but is stated to be ap- plicable for unharnessing horses from vehicles. The uncoupling-device consists of a lifter attached to the hook and actuated in any suitable way by hand for raising the chain out of engagement. Fig. 1 shows the application to a railway truck. The lifting-piece D turns on the link B as a pivot, and is actuated from the side of the vehicle by a chain E passing over suitable pulleys. The piece D may otherwise be in the form of a fork straddling the hook and sliding vertically on guide-pins, or it may consist of a single plate sliding in a slot in the hook as shown in Fig. 2, which shows the applica- tion to a, chain for lifting goods. The piece D 42 1886] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. 111887 slides horizontally in the hook, and when pulled out as shown in dotted lines it removes the slings from the hook. 16,583. Sown, W., and Mltcliell, H. Dec. 17. Horse clippers and the like. —The Figure shows the upper or movable comb of a hand- worked horse clipper. The longitudinal part of the T-slot slides on a rectangular block on the lower comb. The transverse part is' occupied by the working pin at the end of the movable handle. A screw standing out from the slot block and a snug on the fulcrum of the handles carry a plate with side arms having rollers which press on the upper comb. A wing nut on the screw adjusts the pressure. 16,963. Bdwards, S. Dec. 28. Saddles. — Relates to gullet plates for saddle-trees. The Figure shows an underside view of the saddle- tree with the gullet plate riveted in place. The plate consists of the central part A, stamped to shape and, if desired, flanged along the edges B, C, and of the point plates D attached by rivets to the plate A. The rim C is preferably strengthened by a curved strip of steel, and the plate A is also preferably thickened at this part. I A.D. 1887. 242. Jeffryes, K. W. Jan. 7. Fastening pole chains. The pole crab is removable to enable the chains to be quickly released from the pole without it being necessary to unfasten them in the ordinary way. The crab bar A is secured to the end of the pole by a bolt B which is passed through the cap busn D and turned, the projection E on the bolt sliding in an annular quadrant after the manner of a bayonet-joint. The bush D has a key way formed in it to allow the passage of the projection E, the bolt being secured in position after turning by a spring pin F. A. G-., and Rldgrway, A. 513. Sawson, Jan. 12. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to a cutting- apparatus especially for clipping animals. The Figure shows the apparatus in plan with the top 43 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 cover removed. The cutting-combs are in the form of strips A and project from a cylindrical casing E which constitutes the handle. Both combs are reciprocated by a swash-plate C on a spindle D. ma 693. "^^Hf^K^mf.km^i^mKm^^ 'H^G The spindle is rotated by flexible shafting G con- sisting of coil flattened wire with a protecting- sheath H, The combs are nipped together by a doubled spring strip B, which is prevented from reciprocating by a spring bolt K. The combs can be shifted so as to disconnect the swash-plate from the shaft D, 687. Blayhew, F. W. Jan. 15. Stirrup straps, sus- 2)ending, safety saddle - bars for. The stirrup strap is suspended from the „ bar A , which carries the usual safety catch B and is pivoted to a pin C hinged to the disc D, which is pivoted to the plate Eso as to be capable of rotating within limits de- fined by the stop F. In whichever way the rider may be thrown the bar A, turning on one or more of these pivots, is brought into such a position that the strain comes upon the spring catch B, which turns and releases the stirrup strap. 693. Buckle, J. W. Jan. 15. Bridles. — Relates to bridle attachments for con- trolling animals. The horse or other animal, fitted with a bit and reins, as usual, is further con- trolled by being forced to keep its mouth nearly shut by this device. It consists of a noseband a and a lip strap e connected by suitable side links h, which are held in place by the strap c which passes over the head and the strap d which passes round the jaw. In the case of animals that are in the habit of rearing or carrying their heads too high, there is attached a forked martingale/ connected to a neck strap within reach of the rider. (^For Drawing see next column.) 1000. Frost, H. Jan. 22. Stirrups, safety. The Figure shows in two positions one of several modifications. The main tread A is pivoted to the long bow B and has hinged to it the inner legs C to which the parts of the upper divided tread D are fixed. A second bow E is hinged to one leg and fits by a catch in the other. The divided tread D may be omitted, and one of the legs C may be fixed to the main tread A. Again, both legs C may be hinged to the bow E, one leg being fitted loosely in sockets in the tread A. The bow E against tvhich the instep presses is covered with india-rubber. 1109. Greene, J. D. Jan. 24. b-;;:. Saddles,haxQ.e^?,. Relates to a vehicle which has 44 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 a single central wheel A, and one or more seats K, N in a line. The balance is maintained by attaching the horse or horses to a bow 0 rigidly connecting the shafts. It is kept in position by a beUy-band. 1295. Wilton, ». S. Jan. 27. "^^ Saddles ; collars ; lining. — Relates to lining numnahs, panels, collars, and the like with natural sponge. Reference is made to Specifica- tion No. 1295, A.D. 1870. The Figure shows a saddle numnah, the part A being preferably cut away and replaced by two thicknesses of sponge with the natural surfaces outwards. 1455. Kennedy, W. Jan. 29. Martingales. — A ring E through which each rein passes is brought lower and nearer relatively to the rider's hands by a ring F held by straps which may be arranged in various ways. The Figure shows one arrangement ; in another the strap A and part C are continuous, the part D ending at the ring F. Or the strap B and ring F may be dis- pensed with, and the straps A, C, and D sewn together. The arrangement may be similarly modified in other ways. 1912. Arnold, J. Feb. 7. Horse clippers and the like. — The teeth of the lower or fixed comb a are narrow and close to- gether. They have parallel edges, and alternate ones are bevelled. The upper or movable comb b has larger angular teeth, which are elastic so as to spring oA'er the lower ones. It is reciprocated by an eccentric k carried on a spindle j passing through the handle n. The spindle is turned by a crank handle I. Two of the four screws g which connect the lower comb to the top plate pass through slots h in the upper comb and serve as guides. {For Drawing see next column.) 1912 1913. Underwood, W. C. Feb. 7. FIG. 3. .^.m CZ^ Tethering animals, pegs for, combined with other articles. Relates to a military tool consisting of a spade A and pickaxe B, and a de- tachable handle K for use with either. For cavalry the handle is of wood, but for infantry of metal tube, when it may serve as a picket peg, rifle rest, flagstiok or flag case, bayonet sheath, or receptacle for electric wire. The spade or pickaxe is attached to the handle by means of a split socket C with sliding ring D, which locks it on nipples E or a collar F. The socket and ring may be screwed. The handle may taper so that the pick, instead of being fastened like the spade, may be jammed on at the opposite end. The parts when separated are carried in leather cases. 2021. DZcKardy, Feb. 9. J., and Kill, G. C. Training and hreaking-in horses. — The horse is enveloped in a net-like harness of cotton rope &c.. and secured in a frame mounted on four wheels which is drawn by a trained horse. A central rigid pole connects the front and back portions of the vehicle carrying the wheels. On each side of the pole is a hinged or movable shaft which may be 4-5 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 raised to admit the horse. One or more horses may be thus attached to the central pole and the outer shafts of the vehicle. 2385. McKay, X. M., and Stafford, H. E. Feb. 15. Fastening, hooks for. The tongue A is formed with a sleeve B which slides upon the square shank C, and is held in the forward position to close the hook by the pivoted spring lever D. The rear end of the shank carries a shackle E. 2405. Xiarkln, R. Feb. 16. Collars. — A wooden block A, of the shape shown, and covered with leather, is attached tc» the afterwale of the collar at the draft by the two rods B. This block prevents the shoulder from being chafed by the tug. 2621. Abel, Feb. 19. C. D., [Wilhelmy, W.']. Saddles, riding. To render " Hungarian " saddle- trees self-adjusting to the animal's body, the separate side bars a are formed of very thick leather strengthened by the steel plates c,f, which are attached to the side bars a by pieces of leather b, h nearly covering them, and are hinged to the longitudinal pivots g on the ends of the front and rear forks d, d^. 2926. Barnley, G. Feb. 25. Labels and nameplates, attaching. — The name is embossed upon a ^and of metal or other suitable material between movable type or dies fitted in grooved rollers or in a press &c. The bands are attached to various articles by pins, perforations, cement, &c. For round objects, such as whips, the ends are brought together and fastened to or along with a clip A . This clip may be formed by bending two projections B on one end of the band 3060. Fines, T. W. Feb. 28. Back bands for harness saddles. A metal' piece A, hinged in two directions at right - angles, is at- tached to the back- band B above the shaft-tug 0. The strain on the back- band and consequent liability to fracture is thereby prevented. 3489. Phipps, T. !■., and Burman, W. March 8. Horse clippers and the nice. — The Figure shows a vertical section through the comb plates. Anti- friction balls C are placed in longitudinal recesses in the top plate between the reciprocating comb cutter A and the top plate B. The edges of the recesses are turned slightly over as shown to retain the ball. 46 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. ri887 3496. Karley, W., [Davis, S. B.]. March 8. I 3861. Betjemann, S. March 14. Collars ; fastening traces and hames. The collar consists of two pads A, which are suspended at the top by the neck strap B and held at a fixed dis- tance apart at the bottom by the yoke C, capable of adjustment by the nut H. Eacli pad is prefer- ably of sheet metal strengthened by the bar D to which the yoke C and hame-tug E connected to the trace F are attached by a specially-pivoted block G. A modification of the yoke C and the method of fixing the trace to the hame-tug by cottars are described. 3855. Bergr, J. A. March 14. Runaiuay horses, releasing ; fastening traces, draw-bolts &c. for. The Figure shows a shaft coupling, but a similar detaching-apparatus may be applied to release traces from their roller bolts. The shafts H may be released, in the event of the horse running away, by the driver withdrawing cottars K, the hinged locking-strip C of each shaft turning into a vertical position and falling through the forked end D of an extension of the under- frame. A transverse bolt E, passing through the ends of the fork, carries a loose wedge-shaped piece A which fits in a corresponding recess in the end of the shaft. The cord 0, attached to the cottar, is coiled round a drum on a cross-shaft which is rotated by a cord within reach of the driver. In a modification, the strip C is secured by a wing screw. Fastening, slip-hooks for. The end of the link E is formed with a T-shaped head K, which fits into a slotted chamber I in the cylindrical piece A. This piece A is provided with a tongue H by means of which it can be turned on the pins B, which are supported in the forked ends C of the other link D. The tongue H may be secured by a suitable catch to prevent A from turning and releasing the link E, 4049. IKCaclure, A. March 17. ■ Stirrups. — To assist riders in mounting a lower step is either fixed to the tread or arranged to turn up against the bow. The Figure shows one method of hinging this step d, in which it turns with a spring bar e provided with a catch having a button g. After mounting, the button is depressed and the step springs up. In a modification, the step is provided with a pinion and the tread with a rack, so that by de- pressing the tread the step is raised as before. 47 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 r-^-. 4099. Clark, W. March 18. Horse clippers and the liTce, actuating. In order that the clipper may be driven in any position from a fixed motor without using flexible shafting, the power is transmitted through shafts connected by bevel gear so as to be capable of turning in planes at right-angles. The spindle A of the clipper can turn round the spindle B and the latter around the spindle C, which is coupled by a nut op its screwed end D to a swinging shaft. 4184. Xiake, March 19. K. K., {Guinet, Zr.]. Training and breaking -in horses, harness for. Relates to spring supj)orts for bearing - reins. There are two forms of support. That shown consists of a standard A which is to be screwed to the saddle, and which carries between rollers Gr, H the bar E, to which short reins C are attached. A flat spring Y is attached at one end to the bar E, and at the other to the sliding piece P, which can be adjusted at different heights on the standard A. Hooks B are provided for a forked strap leading to the crupper. In the second form of apparatus the spring Y is replaced by a helical spring enclosing the bar E, and enclosed in a tube attached to the standard A. The spring support is easily fitted and removed, and may be used while the horse is being driven or while in the stable, all the harness neceasary being the saddle and its attachments. 4621. Grim- Shaw, E . March 28, Horse - hoots. — The boots are moulded in prefer- ably one piece of rubber and without the usual opening at the back. Perfo- rations or corruga- tions for ventilation may be made. 4752. Adcock, E., and Crawcour, W. K. March 30. Horse hoots or poultices. Consists of a leather sole C, to which is attached the upper part A of fleeced stockinette or similar material, which has a loose lining D forming a bag, and is provided with attaching- strings E. f 18871 ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 5238. Kaslam, T. J. April 9. Stirrups, safety. The tread is hinged at F and is released so as to free the rider's foot by a catch E on the vertical pivoted rod C, carrying the inner bow B, against ■which the rider's foot presses in the case of a fall. I 5440. Nlblett, W. C, and Hesse, G. E. April 14. Holhles for attachment to vehicles. A strap A attached to the shaft is secured round the fore leg of the horse above the knee, thus preventing it from running away when left alone. When not required, it is fastened to the shaft at B, as shown in dotted lines. 5514. Tambllngr, Zi. S. April 15. _ Hein-holders. — The reins H are gripped in the wrcular recess of the piece J by the spring block K. They are prevented from accidentally leaving the recess by fastening the string N, by which the device is attached to the vehicle, to the pivoted plate L, or by passing the string itself across the piece J. 5640. Edwards, E. W. April 18. Dog leashes. — The Figure shows the slip as used for two dogs, but by dispensing with one collar and the connecting cross-piece, the device may be used for slipping a single dog. The collars A each carry a pair of loops B arranged cro.«e together, and a large loop C and small loop D at the ends. The connecting cross-piece E is hooked to one of the loops B on each collar and is itself hooked to the lead F. The small rings D after being passed through the larger loops C are held by the end of the slip strap Gr, which is passed twice through the leather loop H attached to this strap. On pulling the slip strap G- the dogs are released. 5764. Read, F. April 20. Collars ; fastening hames. The tops of the hames are formed with, or attached by links to, buckles to which the ends of the strap A are P 10362 49 H 1887] ABRIDaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 secured. This strap, whicli may form part of the housings of the collar, has a chain B buckled to it by the special buckles C, which have two separate bars, one over the other, made in the frame of the buckle. 5886. K o n e , G. J. April 22. Fastening traces, slip-hooks for. The tongue B of the hook is pivoted at P to the body A, and catches against the pivot C of the lever D, which has a pin E at its other end to catch in a hole in the body A of the hook. The pivot C is eccentric, or a gap is cut in it on one side so that on turning the lever D outwards the tongue B is freed. 5897. Dannhauer, C. April 22. FIC.4 Bridles ; rein-holders ; saddles. — The object is to be able to restrain a restive horse by drawing the snafBe or other reins backwards into a position from which they can only return when suitably released. There are three principal forms, as shown in the three Figures. In the first form, Fig. 3, a strip with ratchet teeth is fixed to the rein a which runs through the piece h fixed to the saddle or other convenient part. This piece is provided with a spring pawl b^ which is raised to release the rein by pulling the spring wedge c beneath the roll or projection h^ by a cord leading to the driver. In a modification, the spring pawl &' is hinged and is released by drawing it backwards. In the second form, Fig. 4, the rein is provided with buttons adapted to catch in the hollow conical pieces h fixed to the harness saddle in place of the usual terrets. In the third form. Fig. 9, in which the ordinary driving-reins are used also for safety- reins, each rein carries catches a^ adapted to engage with a cross-bar or other suitable part s^ of the terret ring s formed with a spring tending to keep it in a vertical position. The rein is released by drawing it backwards and downwards. For riding horses the reins may run through rings like s attached to the martingale. 6156. Rolleston, Zi. April 27. Stirrup straps^ suspending, safety saddle-bars for. Relates to improvements on the invention de- scribed in Specification No. 559, A.D. 1885. Upon the inclined rod A secured to the saddle-tree by the pieces B, B turns the bar C which supports the stirrup strap. If the rider is thrown forwards the bar C turns upon the rod A and frees the strap. An incline D prevents the bar C from turning under ordinary circumstances. 6271. Saunders, J. April 29. Saddles ; fastening backhands. The backhand if held in the groove in the bridge A by catches I| passing from the terrets E to the heads of tht 50 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 bolts I. An eye B is made for the crupper. The four bolts I, to two of which the terrets are screwed, serve to attach the pads K formed with openings closed by screws L. These openings are arranged to enable the padding to be lessened or increased at will. The girth J is attached to the pass K. A cover, Fig. 7, of leather &c., may be attached to the bolts I between the bridge and pads. 6338. Haddan, K. J., [Patersen, N., and Iritze.A.]. April 30. Brushing-apparatus for cleaning animals. — The shield A, which is strapped to the operator, carries the angle-piece C in which the wheels E and H bear. The rotary motion is given to the brush from the handle Q by means of the flexible shaft K, the loose globe P serving as a handle. 6399. Mayhew, P. W. May 2. FIC.2. Saddles for ladies. In this invention the new pattern or French saddle-tree for ladies is modified P 10362 51 in several respects to prevent chafing the horse. Fig. 1 shows a side view of the front and part of the " side bars " of the French saddle-tree for ladies ; and Fig. 2 shows a similar view of the improved form. The bearing b of the fore part on the " off " side is brought considerably back, and the "ofE point" G is also brought back so as to-be in a line with the " bridge" d or nearly so. A strong support F which takes no bearing on the horse is made to support the " safe " or knee pad or the " off " pommel. A metal loop a for the girth strap is attached as shown. 7143. IKCcCabe, A. R., Thomson, T. Wi, and Thomson, J. May 16. Fastening reins and traces, hooks for. A link A passes through pro- longations of the hook B and tongue C. To close the hook the link must be turned through a right-angle. The device is appli- cable for fastening bridle reins, har- ness traces, &c. 7146. Fitzmaurice, W. E. May 17. Fastening traces and pole-chains, draw-bolts for Relates to a safety buckle and bolt for the traces, pole traces, and pole-pieces. The buckle consists of a three-sided frame A closed by a bolt D split at its end C. In a modification, one of the sides of the frame is also made removable. Fig. 3 shows the application of the bolt D to the pole piece F. If a horse falls the bolts may be drawn to free it. D 2 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 7552. Smith, BI. May 25. Fastening traces. Consists in fitting each end of the spreader for the long gears or traces of horse teams with a slotted thimble or cap B to which the chains are secured. The chain link d is first placed in the slot, and the cap B then pushed on the end of the spreader, and secured by a bolt C. In the event of the bar A breaking, the caps may be fitted on the trimmed ends of a hedge stake, thus forming a temporary spreader. 8081. Stewart, K. R. June 4. PacTc-saddles. — The separate side flaps of the saddle are provided with side plates A to the ends of which cross-arms B are connected. These arms are pivoted together at b and may be adjusted in two ways so as to vary the inclination of the side flaps. In the Figure the adjustment is effected by rods D ; but in a modification the arms terminate at the pivot in two discs adjustably connected by bolts in slots. Hooks F support the paniers. 8138. Everitt, T. Specification. June 6. Drawings to Tails, adjusting for cutting. — The invention con- sists of a support to elevate the dock while the hair is being cut. A T-shaped piece is placed under the dock and kept in position by a V-strap buckled to a strap from the surcingle. 8177. Williams, J. June 7. Stirrups, safety. The Figure shows a section of the stirrup, which is re- leased from its supporting - link C when the rider is dragged. To the bow A, carrying the tread D, is hinged a second bow B. These bows are re- cessed to receive the link C, and one of them carries a broad pin or plate b fitting into a slot b^ on the other bow. The hinder of these two bows (in the present case A) preferably projects slightly within the other, so that the strain of the foot in the stirrup separates the two bows and re- leases the supporting-link. To lessen the risk of unwished-f or separation, the link C may have studs fitting into recesses e^ in the bow A. 8452. Bell, W., Broombead, J. W., Jones, W. A., and Suckling-, J. !•. June 11. Horse clippers and the like. — An appa- ratus for clipping animals and cutting hair has fixed and re- ciprocating combs like a horse clipper, and is worked by compressed air. The air is supplied to a double piston in the cylinder A through a distributing - valve. It is led from the compressor to the valve by flexible tubing and the hollow handle C. The distributing-valve is either of the piston or D kind and may be worked either by tappets or by air let out from the cylinder A near the ends of the piston stroke. Motion is communi- cated to the cutter F by a lever E fulcrumed at D. D is a conical- ended screw which serves both as a fulcrum and to adjust the pressure of the cutter on the comb. The 52 las'?] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [188^ lever E is supported at G by a roller at the end of a swivel or by a sphere occupying a cavity in the frame. 8871. Clasen, X. F. June 20. Whips. — Two or more helical springs are fitted together concentrically to form a compound spring which may be used for the necks of whips, and for various other purposes. The Figure shows one of the coils consisting of two concentric springs a and b. 9110. Wheeler, J. June 27. Saddles, riding, panels for. The part 6 of the panel, which bears upon the animal's back, is made of an elastic and practically non-absorbent material, such as leather. The lining below this and upon the edges c, c is of serge or like absorbent material, which also allows of the insertion of an awl for manipulating the stuffing. The two sides of the panel may be separate or connected by the bridges a' and a^, and the top edge is arranged so as not to touch the saddle-tree, which rests upon the panel with its " points" in the pockets e. The top part of the upper surface or that opposite b is also of leather. 9221. Shaw, J. C. June 29. Collars ; p ole- chaitcs; traces. — Re- lates to tandem and four-in-hand har- ness, and the object is to prevent the objectionable motion of the collar of the "wheeler" when the pace of this animal is slower than that 0 f the " leader." In the form shown, the " leader " trace (to the left) is hooked to the end of the " wheeler " trace, which is pro- vided with a pin C, against which the loop B of the hame tug presses when the pace of the "wheeler" is greater than that of the "leader." The "leader" trace and the *' wheeler " trace may be formed as one continuous strap. In another form, in which a continuous trace is used, the trace is slotted and prevented from sliding past the hames beyond a certain distance by a tug with a button or cross-piece at its free end, which tug passes through the slot. In the appli- cation to four-in-hand harness, the ends of the pole-chains are passed through slots in the hames and are fastened to the ordinary breechings. 9295. Roberts, W. C. June 30. Rein-Tiolders. — Relates to appliances for use in holding reins, such as are described in Specification No. 6185, A.D. 1886. In the form shown in Fig. 3 each rein (shown in dotted lines) is passed through the eye a of an eye-bolt a^. The rein is gripped between the top and extended parts a^ of the eye, and the parallel projections on the piece e which is slotted to receive the eye-bolt. This piece e is screwed to a ferrule ¥ with threads of the opposite hand to the corresponding ferrule at the other end of the handle. A spring d urges the eye-bolt outwards, and lock-nuts a* prevent it from going too far. The two parts of the handle are screwed together in the middle. On' turning the handle, both reins are either gripped or released. 53 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 In the form shown in Fig. 8 the reins pass through slotted pieces a which screw upon oppositely- threaded ferrules ¥ fixed to the handle. The form shown in Fig. 16 is for double reins. The two outer reins are first passed through the outer slotted pieces a*, and are tightened therein by turning the handle, and afterwards the two inner reins are passed through the slotted piece a and similarly tightened. 9359. Kennedy, W. July 1. Bridles ; martingales. — The rein 5 on each side passes through a link 6, round a roller 3 on a link attached to the bit, and back again to the link 6, to which it is fixed or through wliich it passes to a ring 9. The link 6 may be held in the required position by any of the various arrangements of straps described in Specification No. 1455, A.D. 1887, or by employing an additional ring 13, to "which the martingale 14 is fastened, and through •which the strap 12 passes as shown or vice versa. The link 6 may be further secured by a strap passing direct to the saddle 17. Straps 10, 11 support the ring 9, and a strap 15 supports the martingale ring 16. 9547. ZWCossbergr, E. July 6. Drawings to Specification. Fastening traces, spring attachments for. A plate spring, either flat or curved, is interposed between the whipple-tree and the trace-hook &c. The flat spring is secured to the whipple-tree at the centre, and^..when__ the. draught animals pull, the spring is curved, the amount of bending being limited by links at the ends which transmit the extra pull. 10,107. Redfern, G. P., [Hadmar, L. A. Z).]. Julv 19. July 19 Horse clippers and the like. — The combs can be set at various angles to the handles. The Figure shows them inverted. The central pin A has a round part on ■which the lower handle 2 turns, and a hexagonal part on which the upper handle 1 can be placed in any posi- tion. The lower handle ends in a disc pierced with six holes B. A pin C engages one of these holes and a hole in the upper comb. Instead of holes, the head of the handle may have six teeth to engage two on the comb, or it may fit over a loose hexagonal ring having one tooth. When two handles of different shape are used they may be reversed for use with either hand. 10,422. Newton, H. E., lAustralian Electric Co.']. July 26. Amended. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to sheep- shearing apparatus of the kind cutting by means of fixed and movable combs. The fixed comb H is screwed to a caf?ing A. Holes in the movable comb F are engaged by pins at the ends of three fingers C projecting from an arm E, which oscil- lates about a pivot I. This arm is formed with a stirrup enabling it to be reciprocated by a balanced crank D on a spindle B, which passes through the handle, and is driven by flexible shafting. The crank-pin carries a hardened roller M,and the stirrup has a lining N sprung in it. In order to keep the two combs in contact, the middle finger of the arm E is elastic, and from a recess in the arm itself rises a pear-shaped piece G with a spherical top which occupies a broad hollow screw stud K used for adjusting the pressure. A spring tooth P pre- vents accidental turning of the stud by engaging its. notched head. 54 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 10,597. Durell, A. D. July 30. Runaicay horses, releasing ; fastening traces, draw- bolts for. Means are provided for detaching the pole or shaft and traces to release runaway horses. The Figure shows the application to a pair-horse vehicle. The splinter-bar A has attached to it four or more brackets E having bearings for a cross-shaft B on which are fixed four arms C carrying vertical bolts D which pass through holes in the brackets E and secure the roller bolts or trace blocks G^ The pole H is secured by a plate H^ fixed to it and held by the bolts D. The driver, by pulling over a hand-lever F on the shaft B, will cause the bolts D to rise and release the pole and the trace blocks G'. In applying the invention to a single-horse vehicle, the shafts would be pivoted to plates inserted between the forked parts of the brackets E and held by the bolts D. The shaft B and its bearings may be placed below the splinter- bar, the shaft being actuated simply by the lever F as described, or by means of a rod passing through a tubular perch bolt and suitably con- nected to the hand-lever. A treadle may be substituted for the hand-lever. 10,626. Duckenfield, E. Aug. 2. Spur-carriers. — The Figure shows the application of the invention to the securing of skates to boots, but spurs may be secured in a similar way. A skate blade C is secured to the wood B at the heel by a bolt D having a slotted head e which enters a slot in the blade and is then turned through a quarter revolution to secure it ; the bolt is then fixed by two screws. The bolt has a T-shaped head d, and the skate is secured at the heel by inserting this head into a slot in a plate G on the face of the boot heel and turning the skate so that the head engages within the sides of the slotted plate. The front of the skate is secured as usual. The slotted plate G may be carried by a heel-plate A secured to the boot by an instep strap. The underside of the plate is preferably covered with india - rubber to prevent vibration. The T-shaped head d may be replaced by a screw to engage a nut fixed in the heel-plate. Spurs are attached to similar detachable heel-plates by side and central arms which are fixed by screws to the sides and face respectively. 10,927. Ahlin, J. A. Aug. 9. Amended. o' Fastening traces, spring attachments for. Helical springs are interposed between the traces or harness and the vehicle to prevent jerks, and to facilitate the starting and drawing of the vehicle over rough roads. The springs are coiled in opposite directions, the ends being secured to links A, B, which are forked so as to slide longitudinally, one link guid- ing the other. The eyes and draught-hooks may be of any suitable shape, and may be made in one piece with the links or connected to them by bolts &c. 11,030. IMCacMabon, C. Aug. 12. Bits. — The mouth-bar B, either solid or tubular, has a joint in the middle formed by a plate 0, Figs. 1 and 2, through which two rivets pass in an eccentric position. This joint, which allows the 55 1887] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HAENESS &c. [1887 mouth-bar to hinge in only one direction, enables the bit to be used as a snaffle with a degree of severity, which may be varied by turning the cheeks A, A, or as a " Pelham " or a curb bit. The bit may be stamped from steel, aluminium, or other metal. 11,087. Kennedy, W. Aug. 13. Bits ; hridles. — To the ends of the bit A or to the lower part of the bridle are fixed or attached plates B carrying fixed spikes projecting towards the animal's cheeks. Spring plates C, with holes through which the spikes may protrude, prevent the accidental pricking of the horse's cheeks, but allow their action when the animal holds the bit unevenly. 11,088. Kennedy, W. Aug. 13. Bridles. — Eelates to gag snaflBe bridles. An additional rein A passes through a pulley or ring B in or connected to the bit, and also through a pulley &c. C secured to the upper part of the cheek strap D, or to a separate strap passing over the head. 11,206. Adams, C. K. Aug. 16. Bridles, blinkers for. The blinkers a, a are drawn together by the rider or driver by means of a single or double cord B, B^ passing over suitable pulleys. (^For Drawing see next column.') 11,206. 56 11,288. Jef- fries, E. Aucr 18. Wh, ip sockets. — The throat piece A is formed of elastic webbing &c. con- tracted in the middle and stitched to the leather &c. mouthpiece B and the conical piece C secured within the usual socket D. 11,618. TlUey, J. 8. Aug. 26 Spur - carriers. — Eelates to a d e- tachable heel for boots &c. which may be used to carry spurs. The rear of the sole or a partial heel A thereon carries a metal plate B, in which is a dovetailed recess; the heel D carries plate E with a corresponding projection and i| secured by sliding this into the recess and by screw inserted horizontally through a bar whici 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 closes one end of the recess. The recess and pro- jection may taper from the open end ; the plates may be placed so that the screw is inserted at the front or the back of the heel. The plates may extend to the edge of the heel, as shown, being then preferably thinner at the edges and milled ornamentally; or they may be smaller and sur- rounded with leather. Openings K may extend between a cavity in the plate E and the interior of the boot, for ventilation. The outer portion may be provided with a metal or india-rubber covering to prevent wear or slipping ; various heels may be applied to the same boot as required. The heel may be made from leather, gutta-percha, india-rubber, paper pulp, wood, or other material. The plates may have more than one recess and projection and their forms may be modified. India-rubber or other elastic packing may be used in the heel. 11,684. Harrison, J. Aug. 29. Stirrups, safety. The box is hinged at the top b and the tread d is hinged at one end to one leg a^, and rests at the other end on the hinge of a spring pin c, which is hinged to the other leg o' and passes through a loop cZ' on the tread d. If the rider falls the legs a, a^ are pressed apart, causing the pin c to leave the loop d^ and free the tread, as shown by dotted lines. 11,934. Doug-las-Kamilton, A. Sept. 2. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle -bars for. The first Figure shows one form of the invention. The stirrup leather C is looped over the bars A, to which is hinged a tongue B, fitting into a slot F, in the saddle or a plate attached thereto. The tongue may be of stifE leather or metal and be either hinged or flexibly connected. A strap D of leather, gutta- percha, or metal, &c., fixed at d and provided at its other end with a projection to fit into the saddle, prevents the stirrup strap from becoming detached too freely. This strap D may be dispensed with and be replaced by a knob on. the saddle flap fitting into a depression on or simply fitting against the saddle. Fig. 7 shows a second form of the invention. The stirrup leather C in this case is made with a flap B to pass over the saddle-bar A.. The strap D may be attached as shown or in any similar manner. The additional strap D may be used with any form of saddle-bar. 12,997. BKacBEahon, C. Sept. 26. Saddles. — A steel saddle-tree is constructed in four sections riveted together. A damaged section may be separately replaced. 13,138. Iioads, K> W. Sept. 28. Collars, neck. The front a is made of metal, blocked or otherwise shaped from a sheet, or cast to form, as shown, having a strengthening-bead e around its inner edge. It may consist of a single plate or of two plates riveted, hinged, &c. together. When hinged, a suitable lock connects the other - 57 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 ends of the collar. To this front, draught eyes d and rein rings c are fixed, and a flexible air pad or pad of solid india-rubber or mixture of cork, elastic glue, and cement is secured at the back, there being also a suitable leather or other cover- ing. No hames are required. The metal front may be used as a foundation plate and covered with leather &c. 13,278. Clarke, W. R. Sept. 30. Dog couples and leaders. — Consists of a strap A with a loop B for the hand at one end, and carrying at both ends the swivel spring hooks C, CS and at equal distances from both ends the rings D, D^ The Figure shows the device arranged as a couple ; to form a lead the hook C is pulled through the ring D. 13,341. Franklin, F. IKE., and Ryersee, J. G. Oct. 3. Fastening or coupling traces to hames. The trace A is riveted to the arms B, formed at the ends with a specially-shaped socket C, into which a similarly-shaped boss of the piece D fits. This piece is formed with arms E, which are passed through and riveted to the hames. 13,425. Block, C Oct. 4. Collars^ neck. The upper ends of the wooden sides A, A are adjustably con- nected by bolts to the cap B, hinged in the middle as shown. Similarly the lower ends of the sides are adjustably connected to a plate D. The eyes E, carrying rings and draught-bars F, are screwed through a metal strip C into the wooden sides. A sweat pad G, lying behind and of the same shape as the collar, may be attached by eyes e, e. 13,597. Parkes, J., and G-nosill, F., [trading as Parkes & Gnosill]. Oct. 7. Collars, neck. Relates to hame- making machinery. The class of hames to be manufactured includes those called full -cased and half- cased hames. Two dis- tinct machines are used. Full - cased hames are made as follows : — The metal blank to form the casing is first shaped by the ma- chine shown in Fig. 1, and then closed around the wood by the ma- chine shown in Fig. 2. Referring to Fig. 1, the heated blank is laid upon the adjustable pieces B', B* and pressed down between them by the piece B', which extends to the rear of the machine and is reciprocated in its guides a^ a^ by the eccentric E^ on a shaft running parallel to the main shaft A and geared thereto as shown. The pieces B^, B^ are preferably formed with overhanging ledges e, e, and the bed is slotted so that the grooved blank may drop freely from the machine. The blank is next heated along its upper end, and the top is closed up with a hammer in the usual way. It is now laid against suitable gauges upon a curved block F, and bent longitudinally at its upper end by hand. If desired, and when of steel or good iron, the blank may be grooved and curved at one operation by 58 1887] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 suitably altering the shape of the tools B', B*, B^, the top being closed up afterwards. The lower end of the blank is next re-heated and bent longitudinally by a succession of blows between the curved tools G, G'. The upper tool G is worked by the eccentric H on the main shaft A. The lower tool G' has an opening in the bottom^ for removing the scale broken off. The lower curved end is now pressed between the spring rollers J*, J^ by the curved tool J, reciprocated like the tool B'. This removes any puckers left by the tools G, G^ The cap is next " plugged " and punched in the usual way, and is then ready for closing up around the wood. This is effected by the second machine. The larger or lower end of the casing G^, Fig. 2, with the wooden part of the hame within it, is passed between the grooved rolls S, S', geared together by the wheel V, V^, connected to the main shaft N by a speed-reducing train of gearing. The pressure between the rolls is obtained by the spring J^, drawing down the bearing blocks for the shaft M of the roll S'. The hame being curved, a point on the rim of the loose roll S' does nut travel so far as a point on the fixed roll S, and special means of bringing the roll S^ back to its original position after each operation are employed. Parallel guide-plates j^, j^ are arranged before and behind the rolls to prevent the hames from twisting. To give a better finish to the hames they are now passed between the fixed roll L* and loose roll L^. JSalf-cased hames are made in substantially the same way, the grooves in the rolls S, S' being modified, and interchangeable rolls being required to suit the right and left hand hames respectively. The passage through the rolls U, 1? is omitted. 13,958. Crocker, E. K. Oct. 14. Bits ; bridles. — The nose-band N is connected by metal pieces S to the snaffle A. 13,963. I.ake, K. »., Oct. 14. ' Fastening straps, buckle attachments for. The buckle is constructed with the tongue bent to form an attach- ment hook. The Figure shows a perpective view of the buckle engaged ■with a strap ; 1 is the frame, 2 the divided bail, and 3 is the tongue pivoted at 4 and bent outwardly to form a hook before passing along the frame. IMooi-es, G. W.]. 14,106. Wincer, P. ». Oct. 18. Stirrups, safety. The Figure shows one form of stirrup. The leg A^ is neatly hinged at d to the bow C and fits at e into the tread B, which is hinged at b^ to the other leg A^ The catch at e is pre- ferably formed thus: — The end of the leg A^ fits into a vertical groove in the tread and carries a spring pin h to fit into a hole therein, and the leg A^ is formed with transverse projections or notches to fit against notches or projections respectively at the end of the tread. The leg A'^ may be hinged at the other side of the eye, or there may be a hinge on each side of the eye. Again, the catch may be at d and the tread hinged at both ends to the legs. Lastly, a catch may be formed at both ends of the tread. 14,567. Stokes, C. Oct. 26. Stirrups, safety. The Figure shows the position the parts occupy after the rider's foot has been released. The tread E is hinged at one end to the outer bow A, and has a pin F at its other end to fit into a slot G in the other leg of the outer bow. This pin F is kept in the slot G by a hook-like flange on 69 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 the plate D, which is pivoted to the outer bow A and firmly connected to the pivoted inner bow C. / ^k::::^ /^ V:- 14,898. Pagre-Nash, W. ». Nov. 1. Saddles. — Relates to convertible riding and military saddles. The Figure shows the saddle- tree B with the two different panels A for the two uses of the saddle dotted in. Panels such as that shown on the right are used for the military saddle, and such as that on the left for the ordinary riding saddle. Metal plates are attached at each end of the panels, the front plate having a shoe or staple to fit over the point G- of the pommel and a hole to receive the screw H, and the rear plate having bolts for taking into the key-hole slots e in the metal strip strengthening the cantle F. 15,076. Frost, Nov. 5. H., and Salkeld, S. Collars, neck. The front of the collar A is made of sheet metal to which the trace rings B and rein rings C are attached as shown, hames being thus dispensed with. The back is of leather and the whole is padded in the usual way. The leather is attached to the front by bending the metal over or by perforating it so that the leather may be stitched to it. The front may be also covered with leather with just sufficient padding to hide the attachment of the trace hooks. The collar may further be hinged either at the top or the bottom, suitable catches being provided. 15,294. Og-den, S. Nov. 9. Traces. — Relates to means for rendering woven bands more durable and suitable for traces &c. The band is first treated with a waxy composition, then with a siccative compound, and lastly with an enamelling-mixture consisting of Prussian blue and raw linseed oil. The second and third stages, or the third alone, may be omitted. 15,370. Williams, J. Nov. 10. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle- bars for. The Figure shows one form of the saddle-bar. which is arranged to facilitate the attachment of the stirrup strap as well as for safety. The bar A, from which the stirrup strap is suspended, is hinged by the pin a to the part B fixed to the saddle-tree. i To the free end of the bar A is hinged the spring catch d, the end d^ of which is shaped to fit on 60 1887] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 the horizontal arm of the part B. The parts A and B may be hinged loosely, or the pin a may be slightly inclined so that the bar A may take a downward position when the catch d has been released. In a modification, the catch is dispensed with and a flat spring is arranged to hold the bar A either in the position shown or at right-angles thereto. 15,559. Stewart, K. XI. Nov. 14. PacTc-saddles. — Relates to pack-saddles of the form described in Specification No. 8081, A.D. 1887. The arms B, connecting the front and rear ends of the side bars of the pack-saddle, are con- nected by a bolt 5, which may be assisted by other screws, as shown in the previous Specification. To prevent the arms B from spreading apart a screw d?, passing through the part 6\ is made to bear against the part 6^ on the other arm. 15,787. Thouvenln, F. A. Nov. 17. Bridles; halters; hits; martingales. — The head- gear may be used as a curb bridle, snaffie-bridle, halter, or stall collar, and is especially for cavalry and hunting use, although it may be used for driv- ing also. The neck strap for picketing purposes may be dispensed with, and a separate watering- bridle is unnecessary. The curb A is attached in such a way that the mouth-bar is held evenly and champing the bit is facilitated. It is attached to the ring B by an obliquely-placed button a, or it may be hooked to the ring B. The ring d of the snafBe is connected to the loop e by the chain /"and bar h aa shown. The chain martingale is attached to the chin-strap K by passing the cross-bar at its end through one of its links. The ornaments D are employed to hold together the cheek straps Gr and throat lash H. Brass keepers consisting of a round plate with staples at the back may be used for adjusting the various straps. 16,344. Champion, J. B Nosebags. — The bag consists of a el o s e 1 y-w oven lower part a, which contains the food, and is held open by the metal ring k and a loosely- woven upper part b, reaching a con- siderable distance upwards as shown and cut away at c so as not to inter- fere with the throat. The bag is attached by a strap d passing over the head and a short strap / buckled to the throat-latch g. Nov. 28. 16,540. Stewart, K. B. Dec. 1. Saddles ; pach-saddles ; stuffing -materials. — The panels or other stuffed parts of pack and other saddles are stuffed with cork cuttings, the principal object being to assist the animal in crossing water- courses &c. The covering is of leather or canvas &c., preferably waterproofed. 16,568. G-amble, W. Dec. 2. Currycombs d e - signed to effect the cleaning of an animal's coat with- out irritation by a single passage of the comb over it. There are seven or more rows of teeth with rounded points, the teeth in the back rows, or those furthest from the handle, being smaller and more numerous than those in front. The teeth in one row are also out of line with those in the next, as shown. 61 1887] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1887 16,664. Arnold; J. Dec. 3. Draioings to Specification. Hobbles. — Consists in constructing hobbles of woven hair. 17,270. Big-g-s, P. J. Dec. 15. Whips combined with other articles, the invention being described with reference to umbrellas and walking-sticks &c. A candle A is plac e d in the hollow stick B or in a tube fitted therein, and is pressed against a screwed perforated cap C by a spring D. The handle or knob E may be screwed to the stick or candle tube, or it may be hinged to serve as a reflector. A collar to hold a chimney, globe, shade, &c. of glass, mica, or other material may b e screwed upon the threaded portion F. The stick may be divided by a partition so that candles may be stored in the lower portion of the stick. The ferrule may be detachable and serve as a receptacle for matches, which can be struck upon the roughened exterior of the ferrule. 17,360. Stidder, J. G. Dec. 17. Whip - hangin g devices. — Relates to ^fV apparatus for hang- ing carriage whips when not in use m such a way that the shape of the thong is retained. The neck of the whip y is held between two dished plates, the upper of which m may be separated from the lower g by a cord hanging from the pulley Tc. The lower plate is fixed to a board a. The lash is held by a fork 10 and the stock by a spring catch V, which, like the fork xo, is fixed to a board d. The upper board a is hung from a nail hy an eye /, and the distance of the lower board from it may be adjusted by the screw c clamping the tube b and rod e, or the boards a and d may be nailed to a wall at a fixed distance apart, or they may be replaced by a single long board. :/ e £^^ V 17,431. Wish, Xi. F., and Ellis, C. Dec. 19. Bachhands ; fastening^ buckle attachments for. The buckle attached to the ring/ is formed with a frame b bent backwards at its front. The tongue e is bent to form a hook gripping the front bar of the frame, and is also arranged to allow a straight pull on the backhand. The backhand a is divided, the parts being connected by a chain of links d and perforated flat plates c, through one of which when secured the tongue e of the buckle passes. 17,557. Starley, J. Dec. 21. Saddles ; sttiffii^g - materials. — Relates to a method of padding saddles, seats, &c. The padding-material consists of shots, seeds, or like spherical substances used either alone or with large or small particles of other substances. Cushions may be cross-stitched to prevent too great a displacement of the materials, or they may be formed of long sleeves suitably filled. 62 1S8Y] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 I798I5. G-odward, O. Dec. 27. ^Vhips convertible into walking-sticks. The whip stock A is retained in a taper metal stick B, provided with a covering C, and when required for use is drawn partly out and secured by means of a leather &c. piece D and ferrule E secured by a screw to the stock A jam- ming inside the narrow end of the tube B. The ferrule F is made of india-rubber and can be '^^ held in a socket G in the detachable handle H. 18,038. Uhlenhuth, claimed under Sec. 103 A.D.1S83]. H. Oct. 26, of Patents &c. [date Act, Fastening straps, couplings for. The fastening consists of two eccentrics A, A, coupled by one or more links, which grip the strap ends as shown. 18,042. Pirnie, G. Oct. 17, [date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents <&c. Act, A.D. 18831. Whips. — Relates to the application of eelskin to carriage whips having covered handles. The eelskin is preferably treated as follows : — It is first dried while stretched flat, and when wanted is cut into strips about an inch wide and soaked till flexible; it is then wrapped round the core of the whip. No cement is necessary, as the skin shrinks very considerably. The skin, being thin, reduces the bulk of the whip, and being oily ex- cludes damp. The Figure shows part of a " straight '• whip." Round the core A of rattan or other suit- able material is wrapped a strip B of the eelskin, and outside this is the woven or plaited covering C ending in a loop D to which the snapper E is |,^ attached. Thei nvention may also be applied to " drop top whips." The eelskin may be used in any other way as a wrapping or covering of whips. A.D. 1888. 27. Stewart, H. R. Jan. 2. Bridles. — The object is to restrain the animal by drawing the bit into the corners of its mouth. A pair of reins A pass upwards through the bit- rings b to loops or pulleys e on the cheek-straps and then downwards to the rein-rings D, where they may be fastened or through which they may be returned to the loops. (^For Drawing see next column.) 140. Schreiter, B. F., and Kiekel, F. A. Jan. 4. B)-ushing - apparatus for cleaning animals. — Relates to apparatus for cleaning horses and 27. 63 1888] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 cattle. The brush roller a and rubber roller e are turned from the wheel d by toothed or other gear- ing ; a door is provided through which the dust is removed from the casing. The operator uses the machine by placing one hand under the strap I on to the roller h, whilst with the other he turns the crank h. 219. Bray, G-. Jan. 5. Tugs, shaft; fastening traces and pole-chains, slip-hooks for. The improvements are especially for use with gun-carriages, fire-engines, &c. where rapidity of coupling and uncoupling is desired. The shaft tug, as shown in Fig. 2, consists of a solid metal casting A formed with lugs B, B^ for attachment to the backhand, and with a hinged loop D for the breeching. There may be a bottom roller C, and also side rollers to diminish friction. In the slip-hook, the pivoted tongue E', Fig. 4, is held by a spring sleeve K. 290. Fuller, J. P. Jan. 7. Horse clippers and tlie like. — The machine, of which a section is shown, acts like a lawn-mower. Two circular side plates a, connected by a bridge m with handle &c. to a central sleeve, are mounted on a shaft h, which ends in two annular toothed wheels c. On the bosses of the side plates a yoke g is mounted carrying a fixed cutter I and a rotary cutter wich screw blades /. The shaft e of the rotary cutter passes through slots in the side plates and terminates in pinions, which gear with the annular wheels c. The fixed cutter I is adjustable for wear of the rotary cutter. The FIC.2f. yoke g is secured to the side plates by screws i through slots h which allow adjustment of the cut. Arms s projecting from the side plates carry a brush which roughs up the hair before the cutters. The exterior of the wheels c is roughened or coated with card clothing. In a modification, the annular wheels are replaced by spur-wheels, in which case the fixed comb precedes the rotary. 684. Banner, J. W. Jan. 16. Horse clippers and the like. — A base-plate A, curved upwards behind and carrying a handle B, is reduced in thickness in front, and is cut into three teeth C. These teeth are covered by a toothed cutter D mortised into the thicker part of the base-plate and lying flush with it, A second cutter E with two teeth is oscillated about a centre at the rear of the base-plate. A lever F pivoted upon a pin H, which projects from the base-plate through a slot I in the moving cutter, is hooked to the cutter and imparts the oscillatory motion. The lever is worked by a cam- wheel K mounted in the rear and turned by a handle L. The cam acts by means of a succession of curved grooves M, which terminate alternately on opposite sides. The lever has two pins which are alternately 64 1888] abridg:ment class harness &c. [1888 engaged by successive grooves, so that the cutter is reciprocated between the centre and sides. In front of the cam is a stop-plate N to prevent the hair from clogging the apparatus. 694. Willigrerod, E., and Neresheimer, Xi. Jan. 17. Nosebags. — The nosebag consists of a dish-shaped base B, preferably per- forated, connected by a canvas &c. band D to a per- forated metal o r leather band E, to the top o£ -which is secured the canvas top F pro- vided with an inner fold F' having a cord by "which it may be drawn together t o close the bag. Telescop- ing tubes J, K are attached r e s p e c- tively to the parts F and B, and contain spiral springs L which draw up the base B around the band E as the food is consumed. If desired, the part B may be smaller in circumference than the part E, and be drawn into instead of around it. By these improvements the food is kept up to the horse's mouth as consumed, ventilation is ensured, dust &c. is sifted through the holes in the bottom B, and loss of food by tossing is prevented. 751. Rieg-er, P. Jan. 17. l^iV fr Runaway horses, releasmg ; fastening traces &c. ■By this invention, the driver of a wagon or other '^^^J'^Iiicle can unhitch runaway horses and apply the brakes by a single movement of a lever. In the Figure, the hand-lever a is mounted on a cross- sbaft b carrying the trace hooks c and a central hook d, which is connected by a chain and rod d^ to a sliding bolt / at the front of the pole. When the cross-shaft is rotated, the trace hooks pass through vertical slots in the swingle-tree and release the traces, the sliding bolt / at the same time being drawn in against a spring g, thus releasing the breeching-chains /. The brake block or skid k is hung by a chain I which passes over a projection on the cross-shaft, and on being released by the rotation of the shaft is guided down in front of the wheels by guides m. In another arrangement, the traces are secured by transverse sliding bolts pivoted to a disc which is mounted on a vertical shaft within reach of the driver. 1261. Wood, A. IM. Jan. 27. Horse-hoots are made of any form from some compound containing rubber, gutta-percha, &c., preferably that compound described in Specification No. 967, A.D. 1888. They are either moulded entire of this compound or the upper part and sole, roughened if desired, are made separately and attached. The boot is attached by straps &c. as usual. 1281. Clark, A. M., [Dax, J.]. Jan. 27. Bridles ; halters ; col- lars ; breeching ; saddles; bellybands. — T h e se parts of harness are made mainly of metal chain bands of any kind or size, which may be varnished. Fastening collars. The fastening shown in section in the Figure consists of tubes fitting one within another and secured by spring catches engaging a series of holes to enable the size of the collar to be adjusted. The catches are released by pressing studs on the outside of the collar. 1292. Wilson, A., and Chittenden, N. W. Jan. 28. CL u ^ B.o -(^^m Fastening pole-chains, traces, &c., couplings for. The coupling is more especially for use where it is required to disengage straps or chains while under considerable strain, such as the pole-chains and traces of harness, the chains of cranes, &c. The coupling consists of two parts A, B, which are shaped to interlock, and are hell together by a P 10362 65 1888J ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 sleeve C which is kept from accidently shaking back by a rubber ring D fitting in grooves in the arms a, a^, or by suitably-disposed springs, and is kept from dropping off the end 5' when the coupling is unfastened by forming the end suf- ficiently wide. The shoulders h^ of the part B are formed with edges to fit into grooves in the ends of the arms a, a\ or these parts may fit together by pins entering corresponding holes. The parts A, B, when used for coupling chains, are preferably shaped with links A', B^ as shown ; when used for straps they may be made with a tang or cross-bar. 1441. G-runbaum, K. O. A. E. Jan. 31. FIG.!. Fastening tugs, girths, collar chains, &c., coup- lings for. The coupling consists essentially of a ball D embraced by two hollow hemispherical pieces A, A, hinged together somewhat like a bullet mould. In Fig. 1, the ball D is shown attached to a link and the hinge of the pieces A, A to a plate, which is to be riveted to the other part to be contKct d. The arms of the pieces A, A are connected by a catch B. In a modification, the hingp pin is made to serve also as the pin of a shackle In another form, an attaching-plate, enlarged to protect the arms, is fixed at each end of the hinge pin. Fig. 5 shows another form for connecting straps. The ball is fixed by its stem to one part of a hinge 2, the hollow hemispherical pieces with their catch B being pivoted to the other part of the hinge 2. After passing the ball D through a hole in the strap 3 the hinge 2 is folded upon its pin 6 till the bill D is grasped by the corresponding hollow pieces. 151S. Feb. IMCaury, T., and Roubinet, E. FIG. 2. Runaioay horses, releasing ; fastening traces &c., draw-bolts for. Fig. 2 shows a plan of the appa- ratus as adapted to a vehicle for a single horse. The shafts (not shown) are attached to stays on the body by bolts u which are normally kept in place by springs in the centres or hubs of bell cranks C, but can be withdrawn by means of cords O attached to a single cord passing round pulleys G, D and attached to a hand -lever in front of the dash-board. Fig. 3 shows a plan of the apparatus as applied to a two-horse vehicle. The pole tap J is secured by a sliding bolt attached to a bell crank S actuated by a rod or cord a con- nected to a second bell crank P which is connected to the driver's lever and to which is also attached a rod or cord a^ actuating bell cranks S\ S^ adapted to withdraw sliding bolts M, M from the trace connections I. 1965. Wrig-ht, W. Feb. 9. Whip sockets. — Wheels A of india- rubber or like material are mounted within the holder to grip the whip. 2095. Rose, T. Feb. 11. Horse clippers and the like. — The Figures sho\ sectional elevations of two forms of instruments.] A base-plate a attached to a handle is formed wit! a curved row of teeth b set at different angles, anc over it rotates a cutter c with three or four largel teeth or a greater number of small ones. In Fig. 3| the cutter spindle is mounted in a footstep securedl upon the base-plate. The cutter is vaulted over the footstep and is pressed upon the base-plate by an 1.0 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARN:^,SS &c. [1888 arched spring m beneath screws n on the spindle. In Fig. 1 the cutter is flat and is geared by bevels d, e with a spindle h running through the handle. A spring m at the top of the spindle presses down a cover k and keeps the cutter against the base-plate. The handle and cutter spindle may be adjustable so as to put the cutter further forwards or back- wards. Motion is transmitted from a fixed motor through flexible shafting attached, in the one case to the handle spindle and in the other to the cutter spindle. 2237. Xiogran, W. P. Feb. 14. Tethering animals. — Relates to anchor plates for hitching- posts. The anchor plate consists of a cast disc B having radial rigid wings D, E arranged on both faces and a hub C with a set- screw for securing to the post. ^^X^', Withers, S., [trading as Samuel Withers & Co.]. Feb. 15. Stirrups.— Relates to me ins for providing a second step to assist in mounting. The Figure shows a sectional side vie.v of the hin^e. The depending step or stirrup C is pivoted to^the bot- tom of the sides of the ordinary stirrup, and is held in the open position shown against the tension of the spring /, by the catch d'-'. The tread of the ordinary stirrup is provided with lugs a^ which project through the plate ¥ and press against the catch d. Thus, after mounting, the pressure on the stirrup releases the catch d, and the lower stirrup is turned by the spring ./' so as to coincide in liosition with the upper stirrup. The pressure of tlie tread on the upper stirrup is ultimately taken by flanges on the inner ends of the plates bK 2728. Fletcher, W., and Bourne, W. J. Feb. 23. Runaway horses, releasing; fastening traces &c. Fig. 4 shows a plan of a fitting attached to the end of the pole, and Fig. 7 a sectional elevation of the same. The fitting consists of a dished lower part C having flanges C^ screwed to an upper part D and having also holes C^ covered by sliding plates E. The shackles H, Fig. 4, of the hame straps fit above the plates E and engage studs D' on the upper part D of the fitting. The plates E are normally kept in the position shown by springs F, but they can be pulled towards the centre of the fitting by means of an arrangement of cords actuated by rods under the control of the driver, and when they are so moved the shackles H are pressed down by springs G, and the hame straps ar3 thus released. Similar fittings are attached to the splinter-bar for releasing the traces. Fig. 14 shows a splinter-bar K for a fire-engine which, instead of having the usual whipple-tree at each end, is pro- vided with two hinged extensions K' which carry the releasing- appliances for the outer traces, while those for the inner traces are fitted to the splinter- bar itself. P 10361^ 67 , 2 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 2766. Wadkln, K., and Stroud, G. Feb. 24. Horse clijipers and the like. — Cutting is '^fl^ected by a fixed . onib a and a recipro- cating one h, kept together by springs b^. The cutter a is held by a fixed handle e. Motion is communi- cated to the cutter h from a pivoted handle d with a toothed sector /, which gears with a pinion g. An eccentric h attached to the pinion actuates the comb b}' a connecting-rod ./. The instrument provided with a cover and may be mounted rollers. IS on 2800. Jensen, P., [Isaacs, P. A.]. Feb. 24. Stirrup straps, suspend- ing. — Relates to means by which the stirrup may be lowered to enable the rider to mount. The Figure shows one form of the invention. The stirrup leather C is at- tached over the bar D of a special spring catch to an elastic band B, the end of which is fixed to the point A^ of the bar A. By releasing the spring catch the stirrup may be drawn down by the stretching of the band B, which will cause it to spring back when the catch is again released. A cam fastening may be used in place of the spring catch. In another form, the stirrup leather is attached to a drum enclosing a spring which brings it back to its normal position. 2898. Squier, P. W. Feb. 27. Fastening reins, straps, &c., buckle attachments for. A clip A is used to connect the buckle C to the bit or the bit ring B. This clip may be perma- nently secured either to the bit or buckle. The ordinary billets or loops upon the cheek straps or reins are thus dispensed Avith. The clip may be used for the strap suspending a wallet from a saddle and for other straps. 2941. Bird, a. C. Feb. 28. Halters, logs for. An india - rubber ring c is placed in a groove round the usual perforated wooden ball a, the object being to preventnoise and injury to the animal. 3108. 3»Xoss, J. R. March 1. Lassos. — A dog or other animal is caught by passing a loop or steel band b over its head and contracting it upon its neck. The ends of the band are passed through slits in a piece h and are attached to a slide c fitted in a tube a and provided with a handle g. The slide is held in position by a spring catch engaging a rack inside the tube. A knife &c. is fitted to slide in a sheath at the side of the tube a, so that it can be projected to kill the animal when necessary. A handle of any de- sired length may be hinged or otherwise attached to the tube a. 3389. Scott, Zi. K. March Stir rups. — A loose hinge is made in the middle of each leg for safety. 3539. James, W. March 7. Fastening breeching, traces, &c. Consists of means for attaching buckles to dispense with sewing, combined with a spring hook or snap fastening to be used instead of hame tugs, breech- ing tugs, and trace end chains, &c. Any kind of buckle A may be combined with any kind of spring hook or fastening B. A particular form of spring hook is described in which a chamfered slide plate C protects the slot. 68 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1883 3572. Booker, W. March 8. Stirrups, safety. The tread B of the stirrup i s hinged to the leg «\ pre- ferably as shown, and its free end is shaped to lit into the slot c in the leg a^ and the slot e' in the leg e^ of the pivoted inner bow E. The leg e^ of the inner bow may be extended beyond its pivot to form a stop. In the Provisional Specification, it is stated that the slot c may be dispensed with, and that an equivalent to the slot be employed. may 4047. Xieckie, W. G, March 15. Saddles. — The knee -pad C and thigh-pad D are made by forming protuberances in the flap A or a detached part of it by blocking or moulding, filling these protuberances with suitable padding, and stitching on a leather backing. 4196. Beustead, W. J. March 19. Combs for dressing hair and skins, grooming animals, and similar purposes. Consists in insert- ing bristles, wire, whalebone, or other materials of which brushes are made, in the teeth of the comb as shown at A, Fig. 1, or the face of the comb as shown at B, Fig. 2. (^For Drawings see next column.') 4196. 4293. Clark, W. March 20, --*' Horse clippers and the like ; atiii/uds, stocks for holding. — Comprises gearing for giving the clipper free and extensive movement while driving it from a fixed motor, and also an associated special clipper. A short horizonal shaft across a post A is driven from the motor F or turned by a hand- wheel J. A second horizontal shaft above is driven by bevel gearing from the first and cm swivel about the top of the post. A rod U is pivoted upon it, and an endless band R communi- cates its motion to a spindle at the other end of the rod. A tube X is hinged to this spindle, and a slender shaft within it is driven by mitre gear. A short length of coiled flexible shafting completes the connections with the spindle in the clipper handle b. The rod CJ is counterbalanced by a spring piston in an oscillating cylinder Z. The mitre gear and flexible shafting at the opposite end of the tube X may be interchanged, or both may be replaced by universal joints. The handle b of the clipper terminates in a plate to the underside of which the fixed cutter is attached by three screws, the centre ore forming the fulcrum of the lever which works the recipro- cating cutter. Spring fingers adjustable by screws rise from the fixed cutter and arch over to the reciprocating one. The four legs of the sheep &c. are held in stocks consisting of a wooden frame having holes which open by means of hinged GO 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 pieces, the latter being held closed by spring catches. The sheep are laid on their side during shearing. 4343. Brown, C. March 21. Horse clippers and the like. — Consists in pro- viding changeable gauge plates or lifts g of varying depth in order to adapt one clipper for cutting hair of various lengths. Each gauge plate (/ is of sheet metal, shaped as shown, to cover the underside of the under cutting-plate a except its teeth, and has fixed to it a spring clip h with hooked ends h^ which slip through notches a^ in the edge of the lower cutter plate and secure the gauge plate in position under the latter. By changing the gauge plate for a deeper one the length to which the hair is cut is increased, and vice versa. Other suitable means for attaching the changeable gauge plates may be adopted. 4513. Cowley, J. March 24. Fastening h a m e s , couplings for. The kidney link for fasten- ing the ends of hames, used especially in pair- horse harness, is made in the form shown. The slot b is for the martin- gale or breast strap, which is thus prevented from _ moving from side to side. The top side of the link is made flat at the back c and shaped at d to fit between the forewale and body of the collar. The link keeps the hames in proper position. 4530. Brig-gr, T. H. March 24. Traces. — The trace 1 is attached at one end to the hame 11 as usual, is supported by a strap 3 from the saddle placed further back than usual, and is secured at the other end directly or indirectly to a point 5 considerably below its usual position, so that the trace forms an obtuse angle at the saddle. By this means when a heavy load is drawn pressure is brought to benr on the saddle so as to increase the grip of the animal on the road. To prevent the animal from getting its legs over the trace when resting, the trace may be drawn towards the splinter-bar 10 by an elastic support 9. 5041. McDonnell, W. April 5. Moves, devices for arranging. — The mane is clipped between two o-r more plates or bars suit- ably connected at their ends, e.g., by slots and screws with wing nuts or by a hinge. Several of these devices may be connected by chains as shown. These plates or bars may be of metal or wood suitably weighted, and may be lined with rubber &c. They may be flat or corrugated so as to crimp the mane, and may carry a curved plate to fit over he neck. 5155. Zioads, H. W. April 6. Collars, neck. Relates to air pads for horse collars. Four sheets or plates of suitable india- rubber compound are placed in the lower half of a hollow mould of horse-shoe shape, two above and two below with a small piece of wet fabric between. The edges of the rubber sections which project beyond the flange of the mould are now joined with the india-rubber solution, except at one point temporarily where a blowpipe is inserted to inflate the pad. This opening is afterwards sealed, and the upper half of the mould is tightly fixed on. The mould is then exposed in a steam chamber to steam at about 35 lbs. pressure, so as to harden and vulcanize the pad, the steam from the wet fabric within serving to keep it well dis- tended. When cool the pad is removed and its flanges are trimmed off. 70 16883 ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS <^c. [1888 5410, Ruck, R. M. April 11. Fastening, shackles or slip-hooks for. Re- lates to improvements on the invention described in Specifica- tion No. 3653, A.D. 1886. The point of the hinged tongue h is held by a spring catch c, the spring being formed of a rubber block d suitably held in place and urging the catch upwards. A key e, controlled by a plate of rubber /, enables the catch to be held in place either permanently or until the weight on the hook prevents the catch from returning. 5635. Bariquand, Ii. T. J., Bariquand, E., and 3>Xarre, C. P. E. April 16. -ffor.se clippers and the like. — The object is to drive reciprocating comb clippers from a fixed motor, and is attained either mechanically by an endless band or pneumatically. The Figure shows the former arrangement. The lower fixed comb F is attached to a casing C and kept in contact with the upper movable comb H by a screw bolt D through a T-plate A at the front of the casing. The nut of the bolt is nicked for unscrewing, so that it need not project inconveniently. The casing is screwed into a hollow handle E. The upper comb is continued into a lever B, B, which is oscillated about a pin R by an eccentric on a pulley P. An endless band X driving this pulley and entering by the hollow handle is led from the motor through two flexible tubes enclosed by a third. The comb may be stopped by lifting the pin R with a lever L. Two cords and double levers may be substituted for the endless cord. When driving pneumatically, the movable comb is worked by a double piston in a cylinder to the opposite ends of which flexible tubes lead from a pump cylinder with piston reciprocated mechani- cally. Several of these cylinders may be mounted on a carriage when a number of clippers are to be used in the field. 6503. Richardson, T. !■., and Dixon, R. May 1 . Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to sheep - shearing appa- ratus which has either a rotary or oscillating cutter working over a series of blades form- ing a comb, and is driven by an endless band conveyed along a flexible arm from a power shaft. In the rotary form, shown in Fig. 3, the blades B are attached separately to the fore-end of an under plate A and their tips lie on the circumference of a semicircle. The cutter, of two or four blades, and a mitre-wheel 0 are keyed on a spindle N projecting from an undercutting in the plate A. An arched cover C extends oyer the under-plate A from an end-plate P, to which the plate is rigidly attached, but the cover is hinged. A transverse spindle F is pivoted in the rear of the under-plate and takes the driving-band on a pulley D, A spindle G- runs inside the cover, and through the connection of terminal mitre gear conveys rotation to the cutter. For the purpose of putting the cutter in or out of gear, the cover and under- plate either are held close together by a latch H engaging a pin T or are separated slightly by a spring S. When in gear a screw Q presses upon the spindle N and keeps the cutter close upon the comb. In the reciprocating form, shown in Fig. 4, the oscillating blade X, which travels over the fixed blades V, has three pins X', X^, X^, which are employed as follows :— X^ and X-' are engaged by slots Y', Y^ in the working lever Y pivoted at Z ; X^ and X^ travel in curved slots U', U^ ; and X^ is also joint-d to a radius bar b centered at b. The lever Y is worked by a cam-groove a^.on a cylinder a taking the endless band. 71 1C88] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HAKNESS «^c. [1888 The groove has a circular part which gives the blade a rest between the cuts. The cam cylinder may be replaced by a disc cam engaging a bow at the end of the lever. The endless band is guided along the flexible arm h by bowls J on rings k^. 6555. Petrie, D. May 2. Martingales. — The martingale A is split at its upper end into two straps A', A^, which pass in opposite direc- tions through the loop h in the strap B, and are attached after encircling the nose to rings &', which are sup- ported by cheek straps and which in turn support a ring C through which the martingale passes. If the animal tosses its head the ring C presses upon the lower jaw and so restrains the animal. The de- vice may be operated by hand by dispensing with the strap A and continuing the straps A\ A? through the ring C and through a ring on the breast-plate to form reins. 6823. Kromberg-, C. May 8. Fastening traces, straps, &.c. The ends r, r' of the strap fit respectively in trough-shaped casings a, h which have ser.ated interlocking edges and are provided with pins c, c passing through the strap tnds and abutting one against the other. These casings are enclosed in a sheath /^, which may be slid over them and is kept in place by a spring catch/, g entering a hole o in the sheath. A spring is also provided, on the broad face of one of the casings. 7260. Broome, J. May 16. Collars, neck. The collar is pro- vided with a hinge or coupling «' at the top or bottom and at the other end with a spring catch a. The coup- ling and catch are fixed either to the covering or padding of the collar by stitching, riveting, &c., or by rods which serve as hames and lie either within or outside the collar. The terret rings e and the tugs /are fixed to those rods when used, or to the hames in the usual manner. 7476. Iiysag-ht, G-. J. May 19. Whijjs. — The invention is shown applied to a walking- stick. A case 2 with com- partments 3 for holding sundries is attached to the stick, and when rolled round the latter is secured by a strap 4 or a stud. (^ 7665. Allison, May 25. Fastening hames, coup- lings for. The hames 2, connected at the top by a strap 3, are formed with eyes 4 at their lower ends. A chain 6 is attached to one eye and a hook device to the other. The hook device consists of plates 7 and 8 hinged together at 0, the plate 8 carrying a hook 1 1 for the chain and being formed with a prolonga- tion 13 to serve as a handle. The hook 11 is first hooked into a suit- able link as shown, and the handle 13 is then pulled well round to the H. J., [Vose, T, F.] i2 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 right, so that the pivot of the hook 11 lies above the hinge 9. The haines are now securely and tightly fastened. V779. Keen, A. W. McL. May 28. Saddles. — The saddle tree is made entirely of metal. The part A, A is wrought or cast in rounded or flat form, welded, riveted, brazed, or otherwise joined or stamped out in one solid piece. Two strengthening gullet pieces B, B^ are brazed or otherwise fixed to the part A, A. Panels are made from two cuttings of felt or spongeo-piline joined lengthwise down the middle. 7968. Tipton, D. P. May 31. FIG. I. Currycombs. — The toothed surface of the curry- comb is of cylindrical or similar form, the ends being rounded off. By this means the comb adapts itself readily to otherwise awkwardly curved parts of the animal's body. There are five distinct forms. The first consists, as shown in tb^- firs-t Fig. 1, of longitudinal strips b and transverse plates a slotted so as to interlock. The plates a and strips b may have any convenient form of tooth, and the teeth may vary in different plates. The plaies may be open like wheels and may be threaded upon a longitudinal rod. They may be circular, oval, polygonal, D-shaped, &c. When D-shaped the teeth on the flat part may be omitted and a handle fixed to extend over this part of the plates. The plates may be suitably bent so that the teeth may project perpendicularly to the sur- face. Both ends of the cylindrical comb may be rounded, in which case a sliding tubular handle is provided. The second form consists, as shown in the second Fig. 1, of toothed strips b secured to a central core or former a. Each strip may have a single or a double row of teeth and may be fixed in a longitudinal or spiral manner as shown. Or a strip or length of wire may be bent in a zig-zag manner and secured in grooves. In the third form, as shown in the third Fig. 1, toothed rings or bands b are secured to a core forming part of the handle. Various forms of toothed strips to be bent into rings are shown and described, and, as in the second form, zig-zag strips or lengths of wire may be used. The rings may be circular or ellip- tical, polygonal, D-shaped, &c. The core may be variously shaped for these strips, and these may be secured by tycks or by interlocking projec- tions ¥ &c. The fourth form, as in Fig. 9, con- sists of a suitably-toothed sheet-metal &c. blank b attached to a handle e. The blanks vaay have various forms, so that when bent a cylindrical comb with rounded ends may be formed on a comb of polygonal or D-section, &c. The fifth form is made by the process of moulding. The last Fig. 1 shows three different forms of teeth e, f, and g. The body of the comb may be hollow or solid and in one or several pieces. In the construction of these combs hard rubber, clay capable of being moulded and baked, cast metal, &c. may be employed. 8694. Burley]. Rog-ers, K., Howes, W., Burley, ., and ZZowes, W., [trading as Howes & June 13. liein-ltolders. — One mcdification is shown in Fig. 1 attached to the driving-rail, and consists of a lever h centered at h and depressed by a spring n, a thumb-piece i being provided for raising it when necessary. The lever is preferably fitted with a rubber tube p which bears on the reins. Another modification, shown in Fig. 7, consists of a holder t formed with a boss f^ sliding vertically on a stud or upright u and depressed by a spring ?/' its motion being limited by a pin vj working in a slot. Either modification may be attached to a da^i- board by means of a trough-shaped plate fitting over the edge of the board. 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 8759. Slackwell, J. June 15. Clothhig for animals. — R elates to body rollers or girths. The outer part or covering of the pads upon the roller is made of either one or two pieces of leather, cloth, &c. blocked to shape. The Figure shows a plau and section of this covering when made in one piece. The raised parts c, c are stuffed with hair &c. as usual, and the flat part c'-* is sewn to the roller. The parts c, c may be separate. When the roller is made of webbing the horizontal edges c'^ are made wide so as to embrace the edge of the roller. 8762. Brot-Gourville, J. J. B G-. June 15. Bridles. — Relates to headgear for controlling restive horses. Blocks B fixed to the hinged pieces D are drawn inwards against the springs C by the cords E so as to pass through the slots in the metal strap A and press against certain nerves. 8799. Electrical Combinations Co. and Ding-le, W. K. June 15. Brushing-apparatus for cleaning animals. — The power is communicated by a motor within the brush. In the form shown an electric motor is used. This is fixed to the frame c to which the handles e, e' are also fixed. The spindle h of the motor is connected by spur-wheels to the wheel m fixed to the end h of the brush stock. A pin o which is depressed when the handles are grasped completes the circuit and starts the motor. a\ The rods Z, V- are formed at their lower ends with ratchet teeth with which the pawls o and^j engage, the object being partly to extend the range of adjustment and partly to facilitate packing. The girths are first hooked at the bottom, the rods Z, Z' are then adjusted, the girths are next hooked in suit- able holes at the top, and, lastly, the screw a^ is turned. 8931. Christie, W. June 19. Saddle-girth stretchers. — The frame is adapted to stretch, for cleaning and other purposes, six girths at once, two being placed in front, two behind, and one on each side of the frame. Their lower ends are hooked to the lower part of the frame, which consists of the cross-bar h with hinged feet c, d and the side tubes a, a'. Their upper ends are held by detachable hooks inserted in rack bars s, t, u, V forming part of the upper frame. This part of the frame can be slid longitudinally upon that part formed of the cross-bar n and side-bars Z, Z' by means of a screw €C \cC- %.\\V^\sW\\\Vs\\\\VVVs^\? 9625. New, K. 6. July 3. Saddles. — Relates to a safety device for fasten in g_ saddles. The part A is attached to the saddle or pannier &c. and the other part B is attached to a separated part of the saddle, or to the end of the girth. The bolt through these parts is connected to the rider by a cord D. Thus, 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 if the rider be thrown, the saddle is detached from the horse. Other means for connecting the pieces A and B may be used. 9824. 3>IcK.enny, J. July 6. Bridles; halters. — Relates to a device for con- trolling restive or nervous horses, and applicable for use during operations. A cord D is attached to the double pulley-block A fixed to a crupper or roller, or to both, and then passes through the block B, back through the block A, through the block C, and back again through the block A. The blocks B and C are attached to a leather or other bit. The animal is controlled by pulling the free end of the cord D. 9881. Seton, C. C. July 7. Traces. — Consists of means for auto- matically or other- w i s e varying the inclination of the traces by raising or lowering their points of attach- ment to the vehicle. Across the front of the vehicle is mounted a shaft 6 carrying two levers 7 to the ends of which the traces 5 (or the whipple-trees when such are used) are attached. The shaft is acted on by a spring 9 which, when the draught of the vehicle is light, keeps the levers 7 in the position indicated by dotted lines. When the draught is heavy the pull on the traces rotates the shaft 6 against the tension of the spring, and the points of attachment of the traces are consequently lowered, thus increasing the grip of the horse on the road. Suitable means for enabling the driver to control the levers 7 may be provided. 10,063. Brigrg-, T. H. July 11. Traces. — Relates to improvements on the invention de- scribed in Specifica- tion No 4530, A.D. 1888, for increasing the draught power of an animal by sup- porting the trace so as to form an angle as shown. In this invention the trace 1 can be drawn up to a variable extent, when needed, by a chain &c. 6 passing at one end over a pulley 5 upon a pad 4 and at the other end over a drum 7, which may be rotated by a worm and hand-wheel as shown, or by other means. The angle of draft at the collar is made invariable by the belly-band 8. The invention is applied to vehicles and agricultural implements. 10,169. Bonnard, A. P. E. July 12. Bridles, blinkers for. The blinkers have an india-rubber or like lining P, which may be in- flated in the manner shown by air passing through a tube h from the driver. The animal is thus blindfolded and restrained. 10,232. Burn, Tfl. J. July 14. A 0"-. ^ A A A ^ A A A 6 .-'^ ""w^jmiimsi r^^^cj Stirrups. — The legs A are hinged at B and terminate in pieces A' with sockets A- to fit over the pins D on the tread C and with pins A^ to enter sockets G^ in the bolts G held together by a spring E. If the rider is thrown, one of the legs A becomes detached from tiie tread and frees the rider's foot. The bolts G may be undercut at G^ so that the leg A may be readily placed in position again. The tread may be oval or of the form shown in Fig. 4, so as to guide the foot towards 75 1883] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [18d8 ono end in case of accident. The latter form also prevents the foot from passing readily too far through the stirrup. 11,014. Haddan, R,., [Zschlesclie, F. A.'\. July 30. Runaway horses^ re- leasing ; fa stening traces and pole-chains, draw bolts for. The traces are attached by eyes to ropes e, which are threaded through holes/ in the whipple- tree a, and carry at their inner ends loops with pulleys, which bear against the vertical bolt h. This bolt bears against antifriction rolls c and can be drawn out by a cord, passing to the driver, when it is desired to release the traces. The pole-chains are attached to eyes Z, I, which are held in place by the bolt Ic passing into the socket i. The bolt is released by pulling back the spring catch m by a cord n passing to the driver. 11,090. Campbell, H. W. July 31. Bits. — The curved mouth-bars A, A' carry rings C at one end and are loosely attached at the other end to the check rings B, B^, which are provided with guide-bars ¥, ¥ and strap loops b'^, ¥ and are prolonged at ¥ to prevent the bit from being drawn sideways through the mouth. The bit may be arranged in three ways ; the arrangement shown is for preventing "lugging" and " tongue lolling," and to induce the animal to hold the bit properly. The ends of the double cheek straps and the reins are attached to the rings B, B^. In the second method, for tender - mouthed animals, the front cheek strap is omitted, the reins being secured as before. In the third method, for vicious and un- manageable animals, the reins are attached to the rings C, C instead of the rings B, B'. The rings B, B^ may also be connected by a curb. 11,465. autten, C. Aug. 8. Stuffing -materials. — Peat is made into wadding by drying it and successively heckling, beating. and carding it, then mixing it with a small quantity of cotton, hair, wool, or other long fibre, and boiling it in water, after which it may be mixed with corrosive sublimate or other anti- septic and is again carded. This wadding mixed with a large quantity of foreign material, such as wool, hair, &c., is used for the stuffing of harness and the like. 11,559. Richardson, T., Zioads, K., and Sondheim, S. Aug. 10. Collars., neck. The f orewale is made of a metal tube suitably shaped and attached by a covering of leather &c. or by other means to the body, which may be stuffed or consist of a hair pad. J., and CS-nosill, F. 11,640. Parkes, Aug. 13. Collars, neck, hames for. The staples e for the straps securing the hames, the shanks d for securing the rein rings, and the eyes a or staple for securing the draught hook for the traces, or the traces them- selves, are all fixed to the brass- covered hames by brazing. The staple e and shank d may have straps to increase the area of contact with the hames, but this is generally unnecessary. The eyes a are formed with straps a' encircling the hames either partly or entirely, or are made in one piece with a broad strap. There may also be strengthening - lugs these eyes the pin b is secured by nuts. 2. To 11,683. Iieadbeater, A. Aug. 14. c '''c Runaiuay horses, releasing ; fastening traces &c,! slipping-devices for. The hooks, staples, or other ' connections for the harness, instead of being fixedly attached to the shafts or whipple-trees, are attached to a separate plate a, Fig. 1, having T-shaped slots d adapted to fit over T-headed bolts c. Fig. 2, fixed on the shaft / or on the whipple-tree or other part of the vehicle. In one end of the plate a is a hole m which fits on to an eccentric n on the shaft actuated by a lever in the end of which is a hole p^ adapted to be engaged by a pin p 7Q 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c [1883 on a spring e. When the plate a is in place and the lever p^ is turned parallel to the shaft, the narrow parts of the slots d pass under the bolt heads c, and the plate is locked for travelling. To release the harness the spring e is depressed to free the lever p^^ which is then turned until the eccentric ii moves the plate a so that the wide parts of the slots d are under the bolts c, when the plate a will be free to be removed from the vehicle. In a modification, the bolts c are made rotary and controlled by springs, the sliding action of the plate a being dispensed with. 12,328. G-lismann, O. Aug. 27. Interfering rings. — The strap a, which passes around the horse's leg B, is perforated for the band R of the rubber &c., or for separate \J- shaped rubber strips with out- wardly-directed ends. FIG .3. /in 23t FIG. 4. 0/5 IJ ia,6D3. Ashford, W. S3-. Sept. 1. Dog collars and leaders, straps for. To the strap A^ is attached a spring hook B of any suit- able form, and near the end of the strap is adjust- ably secured the buckle D, also of any suitable form. The frame of the buckle may slide on the strap A^, and be held by the hook B, pressing either on the strong curved spring tongue as shown, or against the hooked part in the usual way. The looped part of the strap forms the dog collar, and the single part the lead when the strap is so used. 13,127. Ziatham, E., and Sawyers, E. A. Sept. 11. Fastening halters &c. The fastener is intended to supersede sewing and consists essentially of two loops 11, Fig. 3, united by a frame 12 in the centre of which is a pin 13. T h e t w o straps to be united, or the parts of the same strap when a loop is to be made, are passed through the loops 11 and over the pin 13. When one strap has to be united at the side of another, as in headstalls, the fastener is formed with side bars 16, 17. Fig. 4 shows a loop 22 for the free end of a buckle strap. It is pro- vided with a hole 15 to pass over the pin 13, and is held down by one of the straps which pass through the loops 11. 13,343. Xiehmann, C. H., and South- cott, J. K. Sept. 15. Collars; fastening hames. The collar B and hames A, A^ are combined so that the latter forms a front rim round which the leather covering of the collar is secured. The collar and hames are hinged at one end C, and have a spring catch at the other end. In the form of catch shown a projection D on one hame fits into a socket in the other, and is held therein by a spring pin G, 13,390. Britt, !■. P. Sept. 17, Bits ; bridles. — The device is for controlling restive horses and consists of rods F, which, when pulled with sufficient force to overcome the springs G, cause the pads J on the ends of the spring band H to press upon the nasal passages and con- trol the animal. The curb chain is at the same time tightened by reason of its connection with the bit rings D after passing through rings on the cheek pieces B. The above arrangement is for stiff bits; for snaffle bits the rods F end in loops passing over the ends of the mouth-bar. 13,766. Macey, K. J., and Hopkins, J. Sept. 24. Stirrup straps, suspend- ing, safety saddle bars for. The stirrup leather is attached to the frame G hung by a loop J to the piece K, L. The part L has a curved pro- jection, and the part K a curved notch as shown to fit corresponding parts in a piece A which is shaped to fit upon the ordinary saddle bar, or upon a 77 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 plate replacing it, its position thereon being deter- mined by a stop D. The stop B prevents the frame G from swinging forwards. If the rider is thrown, the frame G frees itself from the piece K, L by sliding into the position shown. 14,406. Hinchley, J. W., Woollason, W., and Hinchley, J. W. Oct. 8. Droppings^ devices for catching. — A plate B fitted with guides C for a drawer D is fixed to the shafts or other suitable part of the vehicle, a suitable guide being pre- ferably attached to the harness for directing the dung into a funnel-shaped mouth A, 14,468. Wincer, T. Oct. 9. Saddles, harness. A metal piece D of U -section, and in one or two parts, is fixed to the saddle- tree by screws e\ e^. The edge of the skirts b enters the groove in the piece D, and is thus pro- tected from the friction of the back-band C. 14,812. Bryans, K. m. Oct. 15. Dog leaders; lohijjs and hunting-crops. — Dog leaders Fic.4. fiC3. consisting of a swivel-hook H and chain are attached by a bayonet- joint tube A and pin D, as shown in Fig. 3, or by a pin D, as shown in Fig. 4, to umbrellas or walk- ing-sticks, whips, hunting- crops, &c. In the latter arrangement the chain passes through a hole in the stick, covered by an outer tube A, or through the end of the stick &c., which is then provided with a detachable ferrule. 15,098. Barlow, J. T. Oct. 20. Collars; truces. — The object is to transfer the draught from the shoulders to the breast. The collar consists of two parts, namely, a neck part A^ and a breast part A^, suitably padded and con- nected by straps a. The pole strap, when used, is attached by a loop a-, beneath which the martin- gale B passes. The sides of the breast part A^ have tug straps a' for use as usual if desired. To the bottom of the collar is attached the strap C, which passes between the fore and the hind legs as a single trace, or terminates in a curved metal strip c^, to the ends of which are connected two traces embracing the hind legs. In a modification, the traces are connected to the tug strap a', and side straps connect the traces to the strap C after it has pass3d between the fore legs. Draught chains may be used instead of straps. 15,837. Rees-Philipps, K. Nov. 2. Stirrup straps, suspending; saddle girths. — The stirrup leather e of a lady's saddle is suspended as follows in order to equalize the strain. It is buckled to a loop d on the strap c, which passes through a curved tube a or trough bridging the tree b, and is looped at c^ for attachment to the link k on the strap Z, fixed to the tree. The girth n is connected by a link r to the strap c, and at its other end is buckled to the strap ^j fixed to the tree. 15,943. -Wilson, J. A. Nov. 5. Fastening, spring attachments for. An elastic device is employed to connect the harness to the vehicle or different parts of the harness together, the object being to prevent the strain on the 78 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 animal at starting or stopping. The Figure shows a section of oneform of device in which a coiled spring is used. The spring 5 is compressed between the washer 4 of the draw-bar and the end of the case 3, a sleeve 6 limiting its motion. A coiled spring may also be used in extension, or india-rubber may be used as the elastic medium. 16,065. SLirker, BT. B. Nov. FIG. 3. FIC.4. YoJces^ necl\ — These are made of metal tubes tapering from the centre to the ends, the fittings for connecting the parts together or to the vehicle or harness being shrunk on. The Figures show the application of the invenMon to whipple-trees. 16,280. Rees-Philipps, K. Nov. 9. Saddles; pack-saddles. — Relates to adjustable harness and pack saddles. The saddle-tree con- sists of an arched and tnbular or grooved piece a, to the ends / of which the side flaps b, c are hinged. The flaps may be pa-ided or covered with felt, or with cork or sheet zinc. For pack-saddles they consist of wooden bars shaped as shown in Fig. 4. 16,374. Rees-Philipps, H. Nov. 12. Stir r up straps, suspending, safety saddle - bars for. The bar proper d is formed with a straight and up- wardly- inclined part and a curved lower part, both parts being fixed to a tube /, whicb turns on the rod g, and may have an inclined face f^ to fit against the part c, fixed to the plate k, which is secured to the saddle-tree. By this means a forward jerk on the stirrup strap causes the bar d to turn up- wards and forwards round the rod g, and free the strap. The return of the bar d may be assisted by a spring h. The upper part of the rod g is loosely secured to a plate b fixed to the tree. The plates h and k may be in one, and the bar d may be similar to the ordinary latch saddle-bar. 16,486. King-, K. S. Nov. 13. Collars, neck. The fore-wale A and after-wale A^ are made of thin metal in one or more pieces, and the padding is at- tached to this shell b y stitching o r riveting &c. at a^. The padding or backing may be of elastic sheet metal, or may consist of an inflated rubber bag ¥ protected by canvas and leather casings b^, C. 16,792. Bennett, C. H. Nov. 19. Fastening, slip- hooks for. Two forms of the hook are shown in the Figure. The point of the main hook A is pivoted at E to a second hook D. The strain on the complete hook holds the two parts together, the clip F serving this pur- pose when the strain is removed. The hook D is pulled to release the chain &c. attached. 79 1888] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1888 16,874. Hardy, F. Nov. 20. Fastening halters, reins, &c., clasps for. The Figure shows the fastener adapted for connecting the straps of a halter, which, by this invention, may be secured to the animal's head without having to pass it over the nose. The fastener consists of two parts B, B', provided with loops 7.-, h for the nose straps, and loops K\ ¥ for the throat strap. The hitching-strap is attached to the ring a on the part B^ The connection is formed by the engagement of the hooks 6, &' and tongue / on the part. B with the bar e, the spring catch d, and a groove respectively in the part B^ When the fastener is used for reins and other straps it is shortened, and the loops K', h^^ and a are dispensed with. The straps may be riveted in sockets instead of being attached to loops like h. 17,350. Warsop, T., and Wig-ley, G. Nov. 29. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to clippers actuated by compressed air or other motive fluid. The comb N receives reciprocating motion over the comb M from a piston C in a cylinder A forming the handle. As shown, the motion is trans- mitted from the piston - rod D by a slotted bell - crank lever and a crank disc with pin J. Or the head of the piston-rod may engage an oblique slot in the comb. The motive fluid reaches the bottom of the cylinder through flexible tubing and pushes the piston up till the outlet ports 5 are uncovered, when a spring T drives it back. In a modification, the piston is worked in both directions by the fluid. with india-rubber, and terminates at each end in a knob with a grooved neck, which is slid into the 17,392. Fenner, G. Nov. 29. Bits. — An extra mouth-bar C is arranged above the ordinary mouth-bar B which is placed low down in the animal's mouth, so as to give a powerful control. The mouth-bar C is covered slot H^ after the knob has been passed through the wider slot &. The hooks I, P are for the curb chain. 17,550. Ihne, W. B. Dec. 1. Nose hags. — A curved overhanging rim a is made to prevent loss of food if the bag is tossed up while in use. The rim may be in one piece with the bag, or of leather &c. kept in shape by curved metal pieces at in- tervals. It may also be of metal, vulcanite, wood, &c., or of bent wire suitably covered. 18,068. Turner, W. K. Dec. 11 Nosebags. — Springs C of me^^al or rubber are 80 188S] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1886 used to connect the head-strap D with the snap- hooks B, or buckled straps attached to the bag. The head strap and springs may be turned inside the bag when not in use, as shown. The mouth of the bag is closed by a strap E. 18,077. Davey, A. Dec. 11. Ttigs, shaft. — The body 5 of the tug is made of metal with lugs 7, 9, 9 for the buckle 11 and loops 10, 10. It is lined with gutta - percha &c. 20, and may have a pad of gutta- percha 19 where it rubs against the animal. The pivots of the lugs 10 are provided with anti- friction rollers, and are secured by nuts 16*. 18,264. Mason, BI. ». Dec. 14. Whijys.-The butt of the whip thong is strengthened by a steel o r other elastic metal core a, preferably covered with paper, sheet india-rubber, &c. c. Leather b is plaited over this core in the usual way. 18,901. ]>Zoliere, G. W. Dec. 27. Collars ; fastening traces. Relates to hame and breast collar tugs. The eye c is formed with long shanks c', c^ between which the trace end is secured by screws d, d^ passing through the shanks and holes in the trace. The shanks are encased in a leather sleeve &, which shows a hame tug fastening. The fastening for a breast collar, Fig. 12, is pro- vided with a neck strap loop e, layer loop /, and lug /', which is placed under the layer ^', and is riveted to the breast collar g, shown in dotted lines. 18,995. DXason, BI. K. Dec. 29. Saddles. — The knee rolls b, and rear pads or ' blisters ' c, of shaft riding saddles are made of vulcanized india - rubber, either solid or spongy, or as inflated bags. The pads are covered with leather and sewn to the flaps a, or are inserted between the inner and outer layers of the flaps. 19,012. Karding-ham, G. G. BI., [Geer, Baron L. de]. Dec. 29. Drawings to Specijication. Halters. — The hitching strap or rope of a halter may be made in two parts, each of which can be connected to a detachable ring on the stall, adapted to be automatically released if a horse gets its leg over the hitching- strap. V 10E83 81 IS'??! AI»PENDIX TO ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [188^ APPENJ3IX. The following abridgments should be added to those appearing in the volume for A.D. 1877-83. A.D. 1877. 1008. Pitt, S., [Vulcanized Fibre Co.]. March 13. Materials for inalcing. — Vulcanized fibre is used for making harness loops and is made by saturating paper, paper pulp, or textile fabric in a bath of concentrated mother liquor resulting from the manufacture of chloride of zinc, tin, &c. Paper slieets thus treated may be united by pressure] By adding certain substances to the bath, or by other means, the material may be made like hornJ or it may be made to resemble soft vulcanized rubber &c. A.D. 1882. 58*9. Xlexford, J. Dec. 7. Fastenings., slip-hooks for. Relates to a connection between two objects in which instant disconnection is required in cases of emergency, and consists in hinging tongues 6 to a metal piece fixed to one of the objects, and in combining with that piece a spring catch 9 which can be with- drawn to release the tongues. In the application to the shafts of a vehicle, the back end of each shaft, which may be provided with a bolt for attaching the traces, is received between the arms 4 of a metal piece 5, fixed to the vehicle. When the shaft is in position thej tongues 6 are turned over to rest upon the arms 4 and are retained by a spring catch 9, by withdrawing! which the tongues are released and the shafts disconnected. L 0 N D 0 N s PRINTED FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, By darling & SON, Ltd., 1, 2, 3 & 5, Great St. Thomas Apostle, E.G. PuBLisnED AT THE PATENT OFFICE, 25, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C. PATENTS FOE INVENTIONS. ABRIDGMENTS OF SPECIFICATIONS. CLASS 62, HARNESS AND SADDLERY. Period— A.D. 1889-93. LONDON : I'RINTED FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE By DARLING & SON, Ltd., 1-3, Great St. Thomas Apostle, E.G. Published at the PATENT OFFICE, 25, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, Loxdon, W.C. 1898 1889J SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1892 EXPLANATOHY NOTE. The oautents of this Abridgment Class may be seen from its Subject-matter Index. For further ^ information as to the chissificatiou of the subject-matter of inventions, reference should be made to the Ahrldgment-Class and Index Key, published at the Patent Office, 25, Southampton Buildings, Chancery [Lane, W.C, price Is., postage 5d. It should be borne in mind that the abridgments are merely intended to serve as guides to the [Specifications, which must themselves be consulted for the details of any particular invention. Printed ! Specifications, price 8d., may be purchased at the Patent Office, or ordered by post on the Patents Form C (to be obtained from any Post Office), no additional charge being made for postage. SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. Abridgments are printed in the chronological order of the Specilieations to which they refer, and this index quotes only the year and namber of each Specification. Animal clippers. See Horse clippers &c. Animal muzzles. See Muzzles &c. Animals, Stocks and like appliances for holding-. '89. 4960. '91. 11,751. 14,351. '92. 13,823. 16,028. Bags or nosebags. See Harness &c. Bags, Saddle. See Harness &c. Bearing-reins. See Harness &c. Bits for animals. See Harness &c. Blankets, Horse. See Harness &c. Blindfolding-appliances for animals. See Harness &c. Blinkers, Bridle. See Harness &c. Boots, Horse. See Harness &c. Breaking-in horses and other animals. See Training aud breaking-in horses &c. P 13(;6:.^ i Bridles. See Harness &c. Brushing-apparatns for cleaning animals. See Hai'ness iSc. Cart-saddles. See Harness &c. Cinches or girths. See Harness &c. Clippers, Horse and like. See Horse clippers &c. Clothing for animals. See Hirness &c. Collars, Dog and like. See Dog collars &c. Collirs, Horse. See Harness &c. Combs for animals. See Harness &c. Cruppers. See Harness &c. Curb-bits for animals. See Harness &c. Curricle bars. See Harness &c. Currycombs. See Harness &c. a2 1839] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1892 Cutting hair, wool, and the like. See Horse clippers &c. Dog* collars, CDuples, leashes, leaders, and the like. 'S9. 1390. 77G9. 14,622. 17,138. 19,54(3. 19 837. '90. 4329. 4583. 818^. 20,556. 20,724. '97. G015. 21,889. 22,032. '92. 4491. 5060. 15,184. 15,716. buckles. See Abridgment Class Fastenings, Dress. hooks. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. name plates or labels for. See Abridgment Class Labels &c. Dog muzzles. See Muzzles for animals. Dogs, Combs for. See Harness &c. Dog slips. See Dog collars &c. Dogs, Saddles for. See Harness &c. Dumb-jockeys. See Harness &c. Dung or droppings catchers. See Harness &c. Fallen horses, Harness for releasing and raising. See Harness &c. Ferret muzzles. See Muzzles &c. Girtlis, Saddle. See Harness &c. Goads for animals. Se Harness &c. Grooming animals, Appliances for. Se.e Harness &c. Hair clippers. Sie Horse clippers &c. H liters for animals. See Harness &g. Hames. See Harness &c. Harness aiid saddlery, \J.ncludiny Clothing for animals] . anti-interfering devices. See interfering rings &c. below. aprons, waterproof. See Abridgment Class Wearing-a{)parel. back and bellv ban 1s. '89. 6479. '90. 15,879. '91. 7641. 7642. '92. 17,493. fastening. See f, listening belov). bearing-reins. See bridles &c. below. bells. See Abridgment Class Bells &c. bellybands. See back and belly bands above. bits. '59. 6331. 6600. 7128. 10,813. 16,284. '90. 8650. 15,700. 20,733. 21,223. '91. 1591. 7017. 8466. 10,712. 10,924. 22,851. '92. 16,006. 18.924. bits for administering medicines. See A bridg- ment Class Medicine &c. blacking for. See Abridgment Class Boots &c. blankets. See clothing &c. below. blindfolding-appliances. See bridles &c. below. blinkers. See bridles e^c. below. bolts, studs, nuts, and washers. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. boots. See horse-b'^ots below. brackets and stands for. '89. 10,330. breast collars. See collars, breast below. breeching. '89. 1481. 10,218. 19,360. '91. 7642. '95. 1998 11,460. fastening. See fastening below. Harness and saddlery— co?<<. bridles and halters. '89. 631. 8167. 10,218. 10,458. 13,042. 13,498. 13,821. 15,154. 17,138. 19,360. 19,701. 20,208. '90. 1448. 2403. 4329. 4568. 8188. 13.096. 15,935. 20,194. 20,724. 20,733. 20,870. 21,146. '91. 1591. 4530. 7641. 8411. 8451. 8466. 9994. 10,712. 11,533. 19,890. 20,507. 22.851. '92. 2069. 3687. 5284. 8237. 10,826. 13,651. 17,569. 17,750. 18,033. 20,335. attaching halters to stalls. See Abridgment Clasi Buildings &c. fastening. See fas'ening below. brushes. See Abridgment Class Brushing &c. brushing apparatus for grooming. '91. 12,835. '92. 17,841. buckles. See Abridgment Class Fastenings, Dress, choking-apparatus for checking horses. See bridles &c. above. clippers. See Horse clippers &c. clothing for animals. '89. 4430. '91. 7056. 9619. '92. 7030. 20,663. fabrics for. See Abridgment Class "Waterproof and similar fabrics, fastening. See fastening belotv. collars, breast. '89. 13,508. 19,360. '91. 3370. 7990. 17,945. '92. 11,460. 16,985. 22,371. fastening. See fastening bsloiv. collars, neck. '59. 557. 1973. 2654. 6837. 10,218. 12,171. 12,316. 14,837. 15,818. 17,138. 18,644. 18,842. 19,360. 19,395. '90. 184. 12,236. 17,632. 19,837. 21,081. '91. 7641. 12,704. 14,256. 15,314. 16,561. 16,736. '92. 806. 2297. 4249. 11,460. 11,534. 16,147. 16,679. 16,985. 18,63.5. 20,837. 23,032. advertising oa. See Abridgment Class Ad- vertising &c. fastening. See fastening below. combs, [other than currycombs]. '59. 18,912. '90. 10,132. '92. 1968. 17,841. compositions for dressing. See Abridgment Class Leather, cruppers. See breeching above. curricle bars. '90. 6807. currycombs. '59. 11,002. '90. 10,132. '91. 5152. 9873. '92. 12,022. 17,841. cutting - machines for. See Abridgment Class Cutting &c. displaying for sale or inspection. See Abridg- ment Class Adverti>ing &c. \ draught-chains. See traces below. I draught from bar between fore legs. '91. 16,077. I dressing - compositions. See Abridgment Class i Leather. ■j droppings, devices for catching. '59. 3377. ' dumb-jockeys. See horse breaking and training below. elbow pads. '90. 17,359. '91. 9619. electric and magnetic. '59. 17,138. '91. 14,266. '92. 4015. fabrics for. See Abridgment Classes Waterproof and s-imilar fabrics ; Weaving and woven fabrics, fallen horses, fastenings for releasing. See fastening below. fallen horses, raising. '59. 10,162. '90. 18,987. 1889] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1892 i Harness and saddlery — cont. fasiening — back and belly ban Is. 'SO. 22G3. 14,622. '91. 4086. 7641. ''9,:?. 6055. 11,510. 16,345. bits. '91. 21,889. breeching. '89. 13,609. 14,622. '90. 10,834. '91. 399. 4086. '92. 11,510. bridles and halters. '00. 925. 13,096. '91. 399. '92. 8844. 21,255. buckle attachments for. '59. 18,644. '91. 6910. 10,622. 18.225. '92. 3495. 10,795. 21,570. 22,829. 23,551. 23,753. 24,063. buttons for. '92. 6721. clips for. '90. 15,558. '91. 6781. '6^^^. 13,599. 18,956. clothing for animals. '90. 2049. collars, breast. '92. 20,564. coll Mrs. neck. 'S9. 557. 2654. '90. 12,236. '01. 4086. 9939. '9.5. 806. 23,551. couplings for. '89. 557. 5716. 10,017. 17,572. 19,591. '90. 1205. 12,236. 14,633. 18,911. '91. 7488. 7641. 9649. 16,356. 16,561. '92. 806. 7467. 18,956. 20,599. 23,667. curb chains. See bits above. draw-bolts for. '89. 14,622. '90. 3649. 15,290. '91. 4530. 7641. '92. 7038. 10,053. 11,510. 11,902. 15,478. 23,668. eyes for. '90. 14,633. 15,558. '92. 16,345. friction gripping - devices for. '89. 17,572. 19 591. '02. 9144. hames. '80. 557. 2654. 14,622. 15,818. '00. 1205. 12.236. '01. 4083. 7641. 16,561. '95. 6233. 11,534. 16,384. 23,551. bobbies. '00. 18,911. hooks and hook fastenings for. '80. 2997. 6672. 13.609. 14,591. 14,622. 15,347. 15,818. 18,580. 19,78:>. '00. 1205. 2049. 2884. 3607. 10,141. 10,834. 13,096. 14,633. 15,290. 15,458. 19,127. 20,556. '01. 399. 1026. 2570. 4530. 7641. 13,972. 15,114. '92. 6894. 16,345. 17,493. 18,956. 22,849. 23,060. 23,605. 24,063. horse-boots. '02. 13,599. loops for straps for. '89. 18,644. '01. 6910. 16,356. '02. 3495. 6721. 10,795. 20,564. 21,255. 23,551. nailing. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. nails, spikes, and tacks for. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. pole chains and straps. '89. 6672. 13,609. 14,591. 14,622. 18,580. '90. 2884. 3649. 15,290. 18.039. '01. 4138. 4530. 7990. 9649. 10,622. 13,972. '02. 6894. 10,053. 13,483. 16,384. 23,667. lever devices for. 15,818. '01. 15,478 rack and 2291. reins. '80. 15,347. '01. 6781. 7641. '92. 8844. 9144. 22,849. saddle-bars. See saddles heloto. saddle girths. '90. 4279. '91. 2291. 4086. '92. 1766. 3495. 18,956. 21,255. 21,567. shackles for. '89. 2263. '00. 15,558. 18,039. '01. 4138. 6910. 7488. 7990. 9649. '02. 20,564. slip-hook<. See books &c. above. slipping-devices for, [other than slip-hooks]. '89. 1041. 14,591. 19,747. '91. 4086. 4530. Harness and saddlery — cunt. fastening — coid. slipping-devices for — cont. 6910. 9939. 13,263. '92. 7038. 10,053. 13,483. 15,478. 16,384. 23,667. 23,668. spring attachments for. '89. 9411. 14,622. 19,789. '90. 4279. '91. 1026. '92. 16,384. 23,060. spring catch or snap devices for. '89. 557. 14,591. '00. 925. '01. 10,622. 21,889. '02. 11,534. 23,667. staples for. '90. 11,744. stirrup straps. '89. 833. 18,194. '90. 2565. '91. 18,225. '92. 21,255. 23,605. saddle- bars. See saddles below. straps and bands, [use not specified']. '80. 5716. 17,572. 19,591. 19,747. '00. 2565. 11,744. 14,633. 20,556. '01. 2570. 6781. '02. 10,795. 17,750. 20,599. 21,255. 21,570. traces. '80. 1041. 2997. 6672. 9411. 13.609. 14,591. 14,622. 17,572. 18,580. 18,644. 19,591. 19,747. 19,789. 20,519. '00. 2049. 2884. 3649. 5412. 15,558. 19,127. 20,556. '91. 399. 1026. 4530. 6910. 7488. 10,622. 13,263. 13,972. 14,557. 16,561. '92. 7038. 10,053. 11,510. 13,483. 15,478. 17,493. 20,599. 22,851. 23,060. 23,551. 23,668. 24,063. tugs, shaft. '90. 10,141. '91. 399. 6910. 9939. 10,622. '92. 6055. 11,510. 11,902. 16,345. 22,829. 23,753. foot-hold mats for roads. '90. 18,987. gags. See Abridgment Class Medicine &c. girths, saddle. See saddles beloio. halters. See bridles &c. above. hames. See collars, neck abjve. headgear for preventing destruction of clothing. See bridles &c. above. hobbles. '00. 18,911. horse-boots. '80. 1815. '90. 2651. 7986. 9761. 11,524. 12,904. '91. 14,266. '92. 7551. 20,407. fastening. See fastening above. horse breaking and training. '90. 11,524. '92. 7277. horse cloths. See clothing &c. above. inflating apparatus for pneumatic harness and saddlery. See Abridgncent Class Air and gases, Compressing &c. inhalers. See Abridgment Class Medicine &c. interfering rings and the like. '80. 18,977. '00. 7986. 17,174. '92. 7551. kicking straps. See breeching above. knee-caps. '89. 19,360. '90. 9761. 18,586. '01. 14,266. leather, artificial, for. See Abridgment Class Leather, leather-dressing compositions. See Abridgment Class Leather, leather, manufacture of. See Abridgment Class Leather, lining and padding. '89. 12,316. 13,394. 14,837. 18,842. 19,360. '90. 4985. '92. 16,679. 23,032. locks, key and permutation, for. See Abridgment Class Fastenings, Lock &c. loin covers. See clothing for animals above. loops for straps. See fastening above. 1889] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. ri892 Harness and saddlery — cont. martingales. '89. 6600. '90. 20,733. '91. 5647. materials, \_other than stuffing-materials]. '89. bbl. 1815. 10,218. 11,892. 19,360. measuring for. '91. 8321. mines, for use in. '89. 6837. muzzles. 8ze Muzzles for animals, nails, spikes, and tacks. See Ahridgment Class Nails &c. neck pokes, cradles, and the like. '90. 21,298. nosebags and food containers. '89. 6870. '90. 17,877. 19,799. '91. 270. 2161. 2861. 5762. 12,246. 20,684. '92. 8994. 11,172. 16,835. nosebands. See bridles &c. above. nostril-closing apparatus for checking horses. See bridles &c. aboce. numnahs. See saddles below. ornaments for unspecified articles. '89. 1390. overshoes or horse - boots. See horse - boots above. pack-saddles. See saddles below. pads, elbow. See elbow pads above. pads for. '89. 19,360. '90. 184. 'Pi. 14,266. 17,945. 21.796. '92. 99. 4249. 6973. 11,460. 16,147. 16,985. 18,635. 20,837. pole chains and straps. fastening. See fastening above. polishing pastes and powders. iSee Abridgment Class Grinding or abrading &c. preventing horses from falling. '89. 12,321. '90. 5.528. 18,987. '91. 265. '92. 13,033. 21,942, \_Appendix^ page 98]. 23,761, ^^Appendix^ page 98]. prod-poles, goads, and the like. '90. 10,445. rein holders. '89. 10,748. 13,821. 15,227. '90. 20,194. 20,500. 20,756, lAppendix, page 97]. '91. 4104. '92. 8844. 9269. 18,033. reins, bridle. See bridles &Q,. aboce. repairing, fastenings for. See fastening above. riveting-machines. '92. 17,045. rugs. See clothing &c. above. runaway horses, releasing. '89. 1041. 14,591. 20,519. '90. 2884. 3649. 20,556. '91. 4086. 4530. 7641. 9939. 13,263. '92. 7038. 10,053. 23,668. saddle-bags. See saddles below. saddle-bars, tools for operating. See saddles below. saddle cloths. See saddles below. saddle-girth stretchers. See saddles below. saddles. '89. 833. 1234. 3122. 3467. 4798. 6407. 7557. 8634. 10,060. 10,218. 10,621. 11,229. 11,360. 11,892. 12,316. 12,854. 13,192. 13,245. 13,394. 14,039. 15,260. 17,076. 17,887. 18,194. 18.575. 18,842. 19,210. 19,360. '90. 184. 1373. 1511. 1787. 2196. 2565. 3709. 4278. 4330. 4985. 11,568. 11,957. 15,879. 19,042. 19,837. 20,066. 20,691. '91. 98. 953. 2291. 2532. 3370. 4097. 5117. 5325. 5512. 5686. 6308. 7056. 7642. 7990. 8321. 11,547. 14,863. 16,662. 17,480. 18,225. 21,462. 21,796. 21,852. 22,306. '92. 70. 99. 920. 1766. 2478. 3495. 3742. 4635. 4725. 5250. 6973. 7006. 11,460. 13,140. 13,898. 14,729. 15,215. 16,147. 16,679. 16,760. 20,236. 20,663. 21,567. 23,605. 23,623. 24,007. 24,043. Harness and saddlery — cont. saddles— co^i. fastening girths. See fastening above. saddle-trees, wooden, turning. See Abridg- ment Class Metals, Cutting &c. stuffing-materials for. See stuffing-materials below. saddle stands and brackets. See brackets &c. above. self-abuse in stallions, preventing. See Abridg- ment Class Medicine &c. sewing. See Abridgment Class Sewing &c, sewing - machines for. See Abridgment Class Sewing &c. shaft-tugs. See tugs, shaft below. slings, lifting and like. '90. 18,911. '91. 11,751. '92. 1.3,823. sl'p-hooks. See fastening below. saiall-arms, attaching. '91. 4071. spurs and spur-carriers. '89. 10,482. '90. 5935. '91. 9076. 21,006. '92. 14 213. 14,214. 14,215. stands for. See brackets &c. above. starting anim;ils, means for. '92. 4015. stirrup leathers. See saddles above. stirrup or saddle bar.s. See siddles above. stirrups. '89. 1151. 3519. 3592. 13,306. 13,337. 14,039. 15,231. '90. 1835. 3002. 3147. 20,579. '9i. 3492. 5186. 12,502. 21,458. '92. 2282. 3625. 7130. 7762. 19,869. 21,778. 23,038. 24,126. stirrup straps, su.spending. See saddles above. stopping and controlling runaway and restive horses. '89. 10,458. 13,821. 20,841. '90. 15,935. 20,500. 20,756, [Appendix, page ^1]. 20,870. '91. 265. 4530. 8411. 11,533. 20,507. 22,851. '92. 4015. 8844. 9269. 10,826. 18,033. 20,335. 21,942, [Appendix, page ^^. brakes for vehicles, applying. See Abridgment Class Road vehicles, straps and bands, [use not specified]. '89. 6479. '90. 4329. fastening. See fastening above. stuffing-materials. '89. 557. 12,316. '92. 23,032. surgiciland medic il appliances. See Abridgment Class Medicine &c. tail ties, protectors, and the like, [other than breeching-attachment?]. '90. 13,778. terrets and like guide rings. '90. 19,837. towing-harness for men. See Abridgment Class Ships &c., Div. II. toy. See Abridgment Class Toys &c. traces. '89. 10,218. 18,244. '90. 20,870. '91. 1026. 3370. 6910. fastening. See fastening above. See collars, neck above. '90. 10,141. 17,907. 18,529. '91. tugs, hame. tugs, shaft. 6910. '92. 6055. 22,829. 23,753. fastening. See fastening above. ventilation. '90. 4985. '92. 16,679. 24,007. waterproofing. See Abridgment Class proof &c. fabrics, whips and hunting crops. '89. 3031. 19,102. '90. 290. 5498. 6843. 15,0)1. 17,527. 17,749. '91. 1931. 3214. 15,392. '92. 97. 973. 2315. 7894. 15,811. 19,017. 21,900. 22,114. toy. See Abridgment Class Toys &c. 11,902. 17,493. 18,635. 21,567. Water- 1889] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1892 I Harness and saddlery — cont. whip sockets and like wliip holders. '90. 17,535. '91. 1931. U,G83. wire-stitching machines. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. yokes, neck. '90. 6539. G807. '91. 3320. '92. G233. 20,564. Hitching or tethering animals. See Tethering animals. Hobbles for animals. See Harness &c. Horse-boots. See Harness &c. Horse clippers aad the like. '89. 4775. 6003. 7570. 11,170. 13,707. 17,270. 17,645. 20.749. '90. 456. 1337. 1370. 2686. 3018. 3956. 5921. 6962. 7241. 7632. 8017. 8078. 9473. 10,605. 10,612. 10,828. 11,872. 16.029. 16,194. 16,195. 17,016. 20,837. '91. 338. 2036. 3670. 4210. 5317. 5453. 6062. 6523. 10,572. 10.750. 12,473. 12,476. 13,332. 13,654. 14,298. 15,853. 18,350. 18,937. 20,182. 20,832. 20,833. 21.584. 22,324. 22,774. '92. 1079. 1201. 2021. 2701. 2805. 4312. 4313. 4314. 7244. 9353. 9720.10,294. 15,129. 'l6,288. 18,290. 19,405. 19,977. 20,068. 20,511. 21,710. 21,712. 24,092. sharpening. See Ahridgment Class Grinding or abrading &c. shears. See Abridgment Class Cutlery. Horse clothing. See Harness &c. Horse collars. See Harness &c. Horse droppings, Devices for catching. See Harness &c. Horse-gears. See Abridgment Class Animal-power engines &c. Horse rugs and blankets. See Harness &c. Horses, Grooming. Brushing-apparatus for. See Harness &c. Horses, Muzzles for. See Muzzles for animals. Horses, Preventing from falling. See Harness &c. Horses, Training and breaking-in. See Training and breakingin horses &c. Interfering rings for horses. See Harness &c. Knee-caps for animals. See Harness &c. Xiassos for dog's and other aniatials. '90. 19,837. Leather, Punching and perforating. See Eyeleting, ^Abridgment Class Fasten'ngs, Dress] ; Punch- ing and perforating machines &r>., [Abridgmevt Class Cutting &c.]. Loin-cloths or clothing for animals. See Harness &c. Martingales. See Harness &c. Measuring for harness. See Harness &c. Medicines, Saddles for transporting. See Harness &c. Mouth bars or bits. See Harness &c. Muzzles for animals. '89. 12,143. 12,545. 13,052. 16,714. 17,138. '90. 328. 809. 1324. 2007. 6767. 19,703. '91. 3598. 8476. 12,062. '92. 428. 18,284. Neck yokes. See Harness &c. Nosebags for animals. See Harness &c. Numnahs. See Harness &c. Pack-saddles. See Harness &c. Pads or boots for horses. See Harness &c. Pads or saddles. See Harness &.c. Pegs, Tethering. See Tethering animals. Prod-poles for animals. See Harness &c. Reins and rein holders. See Harness &c. Runaway horses, Releasing and stopping. See Harness &c. Saddle-bags. See Harness &c. Saddles and girths. ,See Harness &c. Scrapers or combs. Animal. See Harness &c. Shaft tugs. See Harness &c. Shearing or clipping machines. See Horse clippers &c. Snaffle bits. See Harness &c. Spurs. See Harness &c. • Stirrups and stirrup leathers. See Harness &c. Stocks for holding animals. See Animals, Stock* &c. for holding. Strike-leathers or interfering rings for horses. See Harness &c. Taming horses. See Training and breaking-in horses &c. Tethering- animals. '91. 6015. 8862. 13,505. dog chains. See Dog collars &c. stable fittings. See Abridgment Class Buildings &c. Traces. See Harness &c. Training- and breaking^-in horses and other animals. '90. 5885. 11,524. '92. 1211. Tugs, Harness. See Harness &c. Whips and whip sockets. See Harness &c. Yokes, Neck, for horses and other animals. See Harness &c. 1889] NAME INDEX. [1892 NAME INDEX. The names in italics are those of persons by whom inventions have been communicated to the applicants for Letters Patent. Adderley, S '92. 920 AJil, a A. R '93. 4249 Aitchison, J. T '93. 16,345 Alderson, E '89. 13,245 Alexander, T. H '89. 11,002 Allison, H.J. ..'90. 8188. 21,146 Angel, W.J '89. 12,316 Angove, E. S '93. 23,605 Arcularius, A '92. 5060 Arnold, J '90. 18,911 Asliberry,P '90. 6962. '91. 5453. 10,572. 21,584. '93. 9720. Ashford,C '90. 17,749 „ W. G '89. 15,260 Athinson, F. F '91. 270 Atkinson, G. B '91. 270 „ J '90. 20,500 Aubrey, K '89. 10,017 Auerswald, H '89. 20,841 Averill, C. H '90. 20,724 Avit,L '91. 8411 Avout, A. (V '93. 13,599 Aylsworth, G. M. ...'92. 21,570 Badger, A '91. 6015 Bailey, E '91. 2532. '92. 16,384 Bairstow, E '92. 18,284 Baker, F. T. K '92. 15,184 Baker, S '89. 15,818 Baker, W '91. 16,662 Ballard, D '89. 631 Banks, R '92. 7130 Barker, G '89. 13,306 „ R. W '92. 16,835 Barnes,J. E. L '90. 10,132 „ W...'90. 6962. '91. 5453 10,572. 21,584. '92. 9720 Barnett, L '89. 13,394 '90. 2651 Barnsby, J. N '92. 23,623 Bartz, E '90. 20,870 Bates, I. W '90. 2049 Baumbach, A '89. 18,977 Bayly, J. P... '.90. 10,445.10,834 11,524. 13,096 Becker, L '91. 2570 Beecbiug, W '90. 3607 Behrens, N '92. 16,006 BfiUoni, L '89. 13,337 Benison,W. B '92. 18,924 18,9:;6 Bennett, H.W '91. 2861 Berkley, C '92. 23,761, \_Appendix, page 98] Berry, G. L '89. 18,842 Best, H. de B '92. 18,924 Betteley, H. '89. 12,171. 19,360 Bickford, E. W '89. 1041 Biebuyck, G '89. 18,194 Bielefeld, J. M '90. 19,799 Binns, G. A '92. 1968 Bird, F. J. '90. 5921 Birkbeck, H '92. 16,028 Bisbop, A. E '92. 17,493 Blackburn, C. W. ...'90. 19,127 Blackford, E. 0 '90. 15,879 Blackie, P '90. 16,194 16,195 Blakemore, J '91. 16,356 Bland, H. ...'92. 21,710. 21,712 BlanTcs, G. W '90. 5921 Blyth, P. J '90. 11,872 „ W '89. 631 Bodington, J '91. 15,853 Bogie, A. H '91. 953. '92. 13,140 Bolles, W '90. 11,524 Belles, W '92. 7551 Bond, E '92. 2282 Bonneau, P. C. L '89. 10,060 Boote, H '92. 2478 Boswell, H. W '92. 15,811 Bouit,A. J...'S9. 15,818. 20,841 '90. 7986. 17,632. '91. 9939 '92. 4249. 7762. 9269. Boury, A. A '91. 10,924 Bowdler, W '92. 24,126 Bown, G. F '89. 14,837 „ W '90. 2686. 10,612 16,029 viii Boyeres, F. C. de '89. 17,13? Boyes, W '92. 23,0601 Brace & Co., H '93. 4725| Bradbury, J '89. 1151| Bretonneau, A. L '90. 17,8771 Brewer, G '91. 3670] Bricknell, S. E '91. 16,561 j Bridgeport Chain Co.... '90. 8188 Briesen, 0. von '91. 8451 Brigg, T. H '89. 9411; Bringham,F.J '92. 21,255] Broughton & Sons, John '92. 20,599. 23,551 Brougbton,J '92. 20,599] 23,551{ „ P. T '92. 20,599) 23,551] Broian and Sharpe Manufactur- ing Co '93. 15,129j Brown, C '91. 6523| „ F '89. 31221 „ J. E '93. 1998 „ J. W '91. 19,890 Browne, A. H. S. ...'90. 20,756, \_Appendix, page 97] Buckingham, J '93. 5284 Buckles, D. D '90. 21,081 Burgon, C '89. 17,645. '90. 456. 1337. 10,828. '91. bUl ^ '93. 2805. 7244. 20,511. „ H '91. 5317. '93. 2805. 7244. 20,511 Burman & Sons '89. 13,797 Burman, W '89. 13,797 '91. 20,182 „ W. H '89. 13,797, '91. 15,853. 20,182: Burton, J. '90. 10,445; Bushby , W. C '93. 1 0,053 ] Bussey, G. G. '89. 3031 Butlin, 0. H '90. 8650 Cabana, 0 '90. 11,744 Cain, C. T '93. 22,371 Campbell, C '92. 17,750 1889] NAME INDEX. [1802 Canary, F.le A '91. 3598 Cannon, T. M '92. 21,900 Capewell, G....'90. 2686. 10,612 16,029 earlier, G '92. 806 „ L '92. 806 Carlstedt, J. H '89. 20,208 Carlton, T. W '92. 7006 Carter, J '92. 21,778 Cawdle, T. H '91. 9619 Chalmers, W. B '90. 18,987 Champagne, A '91. 10,924 Chandler, A '90. 20,837 Chapman, F '92. 18,290 Chauvin, L '92. 20,335 Chesterton, W. J '91. 1931 Christie, D. A. T '90. 184 Christie, R '89. 15,260 Christophe, J '89. 17,076 Clark, A. M '90. 15,011 „ W '91. 6062 Clarke, T. U '91. 3497 '92. 23,605 Clary, J '91. 15,114 Cleeve, F. J. S '89. 10,330 Clifford, H '92. 20,236 S. E '91. 7017 Close, F. A '89. 17,887 '90. 11,568 Clowes, T '90. 4278. 4279 Coch, E. A. F.de '89. 10,621 Coffmann, B. S '90. 19,127 Cohen, N '89. 17,270 '92. 24,092 Cole, G- '89. 11.892 „ P '89. 1481 „ W '90. 17,016 '91. 14,298 ConnsU, J. C '91. 7641 Cooper, W 'S0. 18,244 '92. 5250 Cornish, K. H '89. 12,143 Court, E. J '90. 10,605 Craven. P. P '90. 3956. 7632 Crosbee, S. C. F '91. 16,736 Cruikshank, G. Macaulay-...'.90. 10,141 Cummings,W. G '90. 4330 C2?rihall E '90. 456. 1337 Marshall, J. B '90. 15,558 M. A... '90. 456. 1337 Martin, A '90. 8078 „ P. A '92. 13,898 Martinot, F '90. 18,586 Mas^ey, G '92. 18,290 Mathews, S. E '91. 5647 Matthews, W. E '91. 399 Mai/er A '92. 7762 Mayhew,F.W... '91. 21,796 Melinert, R '90. 18,529 Melchior,A '92. 1079 Mendel, A '89. 13,508 '91. 7642 Meyer, A. J '91. 98 „ G '90. 21,223 Middlemore, T '90. 6807 W '90. 6807 Middleton, J. W. '90. 15,011 Middleton, J. W '92. 22,114 Milchsack, C. G '89. 13,821 Miles, J. T '90. 20,066 Miller, Owen & '90. 2565 Miller, W. J '90. 2565 Mills, T.W '92. 2297 Moffat, J. ...'91. 12,476. 20,832 20,833. '92. 19,405 Mohr, C '91. 12,062 Mohrstadt, G. W '90. 925 Moodie, T. S '92. 11,510 Moran, R. P '91. 4086 Morand, G '91. 10,622 Morris, A. H '89. 19,210 „ M '91. 15,314 Morton, S '91. 7056 Mossop, J. A '50. 7241 Moulton, H. T. '91. 15,392 Mountford, G. M. ...'89. 18,644 Muir, A '89. 4775 Muller, E. W. '90. 7981 Munns, W. H....'9i. 4086. 5647 Murdoch. R. M '92. 13,483 Murphy, P '89. 14,039 T '89. 14.039 Miirrle, A '91. 22,032 Myall, A '92. 3625 Myers, A '92. 17,841 Nash, J. G '91. 22,774 Negri, C.de '91. 6910 Nelson, T. G '92. 10,795 Nevill, W '90. 19,837 X Newall, J. W '91. 10,750 13,332. '92. 2021. 19,977 Newton, H. E '89. 12,854 Nicholas, A. M '91. 22,324 NichoUs, F. Y '89. 13,192 18,575 Nichols, J '92. 18,284 Niederer, A '91. 12,835 Nisbet, J. ...'90. 16,194. 16,195 Norman, R.H '91. 4097 Northam,W. G.......'S9. 12,545 Notton, S '89. 10,218 Nuttall, CE. F '89. 7769 Nye, H. R '92. 18,033 Gates, C. W '90. 925 Odin, M '92. 23,763 Offord,T '90. 17,359 OUivant, H. A '92. 19,017* Ormsby, J '90. 10,834 Orpwood,W. L '90. 4985J Orred, S. '89. 11,360 Oster, J '91. 9076j Owen & Miller '90. 2565 Palmer, CO '91. 14,351 Panzer, C. A '91. 5186 Parker, P '92. 15,478 Parkes & Gnosill. ...'91. 14,256 Parkes, J '91. 14,256 Parkinson, J. H '90. 17,632 Pass, E. de '92. 13,599 Patent Woollen Cloth Co.. ..'9i. 5325 Patterson, J '89. 16,714 Patton,J. J '90. 19,127 Peacock, E. A '91. 21,458 Pearce, W. G '89. 10,813 Peate,J '90. 4330 Peel,W. F '91. 4071 Peltzer, F '89. 13,498j Pendlebury, E. B. ...'90. 17,907j Perkins, A. F '90. 21,29? F. S '91. 413? '92. 20,407 Perrot, C.de .....'91. 17,9451 Peterson, W. H '89. 13,306] Phillipps, G '92. 16,760] Philipps, H. Rees- '89. 557} 66001 Pirnie, G '90. 2901 Place, J. R '91. 79901 Plumb, F.E '89. 139C Poll, H. S '91. 28611 Poole, J. E '90. 9761] Powell, A '91. 21,00( Raferty, J. '90. 13,09^ Raffloer,J....'95. 14,213. 14,21^ 14,21{ Ramster, T '91. 21,852" 1889] NAME INDEX. [1892 Redfern, G.F. '9i. 4210. 18,937 Rees-Philipps, H. '89. 557. 6600 Rehkopf, F 'S9. 4798 Reimann, B '90. 4583 Reimann, J '90. 4583 Reynolds, W.R '91. 1026 Richards, H. P '91. 22,306 „ J. V '91. 21,462 „ J. W '91. 21,642 S. E '91. 21,462 Richardson, T 'S9. 1973 Ripley, R '91. 8476 Rippke, H '89. 19,789 Ritchie, 3. ..'90. 1373. '91. 2161 Roach, E '90. 10,445 Roberts, W '90. 19,042 Robertson, J. B '92. 70 „ T. VV '92. 70 Robinson, G '91. 6015 Robson, T '90. 15,290 W '90. 15,290 Rochet ci- Co., L '91. 3670 Rohr, L. H '92. 7030 Rothrock, L. W '92. 20,564 Rothwell, P '90. 17,907 Rowsell, E '91. 4104 Rudd, W '92. 19,869 Russell. P. R '91. 5686 Rutter, A. T....: '5.9. 2654 '91. 3370 Sample, H '90. 5885 Sandbach, H. M '91. 22,851 Sayle, R. G '90. 13,778 Scarfe, & Co., Geo. P. Harris. '91. 22 324 Scarfe, G '91. 22',324 T. R '91. 22,324 Schaefer, A. J '91. 265. '95. 21,942, \_Appendix, page 2^1 Schmidt, E '91. 10,924 Schmit, J '92. 7038 Schneider, A '89. 19,546 19,837 Schroeder, C '92. 6973 Schulz, H '91. 5152. 9873 Schweim, C. J '92. 12,022 „ W '92. 12,022 ScUley, W '90. 20,691 Scott, J '92. 23,038 " Scrutton, C '92. 20,837 See, a '90. 20,194 Serjeant, W. H '89. 8167 Seymour, A. W '91. 3492 Sharpe Manufacturing Co., Brown (& '92. 15,129 Shaw, G. A '89. 6672 Shepherd, F '89. 13,609 '91. 13 972 Silver, W '89. 17/270 '91. 2036. '92. 24,092 Silver's Patent Sheep-shearing Machine and Flexible Shaft Co '90. 9473 Simpson, H. J '90. 20,556 Sims, C '90. 5498 Slow, J '89. 3377 Smith, C '89. 14,837 „ C. A '92. 8994 „ E '89. 15,231 „ J.J '92. 10,795 „ N. B '92. 16,006 „ R '91. 22,.324 „ T. C '92. 99 „ T. G '91. 21,796 Sollors, E. G '89. 3592 Sondheim, S '89 1973 Squier, F. W '90. 3709 „ J. W '92. 21,567 Stahlecker, E....'92. 5152. 9873 Stanniog, H '92. 20,407 StefEenson, N. P '91. 3320 Steidl, J '89. 6003 Steinbach, A. R '90. 19,703 Stewart, W '92. 16,147 Stoughton, H. R '90. 15,879 Stuart, J '90. 184 Streeten, C. P '90. 1511 Strobehn, F '89. 3467 Sugclen, E. J. '90. 6539 Sullivan, T '90. 20,756, \_Appendix, page 97] Sutter, A '89. 15,227 Swann, G. A '91. 9649 Symonds. J '89. 13,052 Taite, J. C '92. 7006 Tate, J '90. 20,733 Tehnik, A....'S9. 17,572. 19,591 Terront, C '92. 20,663 Thirion, A '90. 5935 Thomas, H. G '90. 10,132 Thomas, H. M '90. 5921 Thompson, J. A '92. 93.53 „ W. P '89. 3519 10,482. '90. 5412. 15,458 20,194. Thurman, J. E '92. 17,569 Timmins, E. P '89. 11,229 Townson, 0 '91. 6781 Trees, J '92. 4725 Trimmer, J '89. 2263 Turney, C. '90. 21,146 Twigg, G '92. 16,288 Tyler, F. B '91. 20,507 UfPhausen, A '89. 16,284 Upton, A. C '92. 2315 „ E. R '92. 2315 „ W. S '92. 2315 Upward, A. R '92. 17,841 Yacherat, G '92. 22,851 Vasarhelyi, A '91. 4530 Vavra, F. ...'89. 17,572. 19,591 Vickery, A '89. 8634 xi Virtue, W. W '91. 12,473 12,476. 20,832. 20,833.* '95. 19 405. VoUma'nn, H '92. 15,716 Wade, J '90. 328 Wainwright, T '89. 10,748 Walker, 0 '89. 12,321 Walsh, T '89. 12,854 Ward, J. R '91. 5762 Watson, S '92. 6894 Webb, A '92. 16.679 „ J '91. 10,712 Weber, G '90. 3002 Weekes, J '90. 15,290 Weidenhammer, G. M. '91. 3214 Wenman, F. H '89. 12,171 19,360 Westlalce, A. P '92. 7006 Weston, B. S '91. 18,225 Westphalen, J. H. von '89. 7557 Wetter, J '92. 973 Wheeler, H. B '90. 1835 '92. 24 043 Wheway, S. B '91. 12',704 Whiting, H. G '89. 4430 Wilcock, J '89. 15,154 Williams, C. J '92. 7030 „ D '90. 15,935 „ W '89. 6837 Williams' Folding Feed- Basket Co '92. 11,172 Williamson, C '90. 2403 G '91. 6910 H. W....'91. 12,246 Willis, F '91. 11,547 Wilton, H. S '92. 1766 „ W. P '92. 15,215 Wincer, T '92. 3742 Winder, R '89. 7128 Wittkugel, T '90. 3640 Wolseley, F.Y '89. 7570 20,749. '90. 1370. 3956. 7632 8017. '91. 13,654. Wolseley, F. Y. '91. 4210 18,937. '92. 4312.4313.4314 Wolseley Sheep-shearing Ma- chine Go... .'92. 4312. 4313 4314. Wood, A '92. 23,667. 23,668 „ E. E '90. 6843 „ F '92. 24,007 Woodman, H '91. 5117 Wynkoop, J. F. '90. 5412 Young, J. F '89. 19,102 Zachau, A '90. 3002 Zellerin,M '91. 4530 Zuccarelli, A. M '89. 19,701 HARNESS AND SADDLERY. Patents have been granted in all oases, unless otherwise stated. Drawings accompany the Specification where ths abridgment is illustrated and also where the words Drawings to Specification follow the date. A.D. 1889. I 557< &ees-Philipps, H. Jan. 11. Collars, neck ; fastening collars, couplings for. The front b, c of the coUaris moulded in vulcanite, papier mache, or like hard non-metallic material. Advertisements may at the same time be moulded upon it. Strengthening-pieces may also be moulded in the material and these may serve as supports for the rein rings and hame tugs, the hames being then dispensed with. The forewale c and afterwale b may be in one piece or in separate pieces suitably attached. Elastic pads of woven wire or helical springs or air cushions g are attached to this front b, c by the backing i of leather, serge, &c. The hard part of the collar may extend so far round as to be almost tubular and to render the backing * unnecessary. The collar may be divided into two halves hinged together at the bottom and provided at the top with a fastening which may consist of two half -bolts (the division plane passing through the axis) united by a nut, or of two spring catches or snaps. 631. Ballard, D., and Blyth, W. Halters. — The object is to secure horses &c. so that they may be readily released from the adjoin- ing stalls, and also to pre- vent the noise caused by the motion of the halter rein. The horse is fast- ened by two halter reins A, passing one through each side H of the stall. The rein passes over rollers L, L in the metal bush E and hood G, and terminates in a log N covered in part with rubber or felt &c. O to prevent noise. The log travels up and down in the shield P, suitably held in place by the part M of the hood G and by the staple R, so that it may be easily removed to allow of the detachment P 13662-1000—7/96 Wt 8401 D & S Jan. 12. F1C.3. of the log N, and the consequent release of the halter rein ; or the shield P may be hinged. 833. XXillier, W. K. Jan. 16. Stirrup straps, suspmding. — The rt€ z main object is to suspend a stirrup so that it may be temporarily lowered to facilitate mounting. The Figure shows one suitable device consisting of metal plates b and c, carrying respectively a loop a for the stirrup leather, and a hook d to han;| on the ordinary saddle- bar. A spring catch / holds the plate b in its raised position after the rider has mounted and the plate has been turned up. In a modification of this form, the hook fZ and catch are in one, and the spring is dispensed with. In another modification, the loop a is replaced by the saddle-bar, and the plate c is riveted to the saxidle- tree. In another form, there is a single plate b, slotted so that the loop may rest at the top or 1 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 bottom of it. In another form, an extension of the stirrup strap is adapted to be looped up and hooked to an S -shaped hook hanging from the saddle-bar. 1041. Bickford, E. W. Jan. 19. Fl C.K Runaway horses, releasing ; fastening traces, slipping-devices for. Relates to fastenings for traces, which can be released simultaneously when required. Upon the splinter bar of two -horsed vehicles are bolted clips A, the flanges of which are bridged in front by a hinged bolt B, which passes through the end of the trace and is held by a hook c connected to a bar D. The bar connects a pair of similar fastenings for the two traces, so that, on withdrawing the pin E and pulling the bar, both traces are simultaneously released. 1151. Bradbury, J. Jan. Stirrups. — Relates to the method of fixing the hinged tread of safety stirrups at the free end. The tread h has a hook e, which enters a slot / in the outer bow, and hooks into a curved groove h^ in the inner bow c, which is pivoted at d^ to the outer bow. 22. 1234. Kutton, E. T. K. Jan. 23. Saddles ; saddle hags. — The saddle bags B, one on each side, are suspended from the cantle of a modified form of American saddle having no panels. The bags are connected by a flap A, which extends over part of the seat, envelops the cantle, and has extensions C connected by a strap a. The wallets are dispensed with. 1390. Plumb, F. E. Jan. 25. FIG. 3. Dog collars ; ornaments for unspecified articles. — Relates to a machine for producing, from a continuous metal or composition strip, a spirally- wound tubular casing which is subsequently flattened by suitable dies and applied as a covering to dog &c. collars and harness ornaments. The strip is first passed from a roller C, Fig. 3, through a guide D, and is then acted upon by a small wheel which turns up one side of the strip, after which it passes between grooved rolls E, F, and is then drawn between a pair of dies and finally wound upon a mandrel / while three rolls or dies, two of which M, N are shown, interlock and close the edges of the strip. The mandrel/ is rotated and moved along by being connected by a screw to a loose collar h working on and along a slot in a tubular rotating axle K, and a windlass L serves to draw the mandrel J back to its starting-point. Fig. 7 shows sections of the rolls or dies. 1481. Cole, P. Jan. 28. Breeching. — Consists in a system of straps to pre- vent the animal from kicking. The straps A are hooked at B to the hame tugs, and are con- nected together at a point on the tail ; the strap D passes along the tail and the broad strap E is buckled round it. From the ring G passes a chain H to the axle. Cross- straps J, J connect the straps A, and a strap C attached to the strap D passes from shaft to shaft. Straps K, K pass from the buckles on the straps A, A through the shaft tugs and back to the' breeching. 1889] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 1815. I.ouis, &. Feb. 1 Horse-hoots. — The boot, which is for general use as a horse-shoe, consists of a moulded casing of india-rubber or like ma- terial fitting closely to the hoof. The frog may be covered in or left open, and the thickened wearing-rim may be notched to prevent slipping. The boot is kept on solely by its elasticity. 1973. Sondheim, S., Richardson, T., and Iioads, K. W. Feb. 4. Collars, neck. — The Figure shows a side view of the collar. To the leather forewale a is stitched a quilted straw pad h shaped to support the hames. This pad is covered with patent leather c, which is shown stripped off. Behind the straw pad h is an air pad d embedded in flock or other padding, and encased in leather e, shown partly removed. The air pad is inflated through the nozzle/. 2263. Trimmer, J. Feb. 8. Fastening backhands, shackles for. At the end of the backhand is attached a shackle D provided with a grooved roller D' to run on the staple B fixed to the shaft A. The roller is attached by a pin &c. D-, which may be withdrawn to release the backhand from the shaft if desired. 2654. Rutter, A. T. Feb Collars, neck; fastening hames. The collar is made adjustable by the fastenings of the hames A, to which the padded metal plates I are attached byscrewsK,K. The upper hame fasten- ing is formed by a screw C, which takes into suitable holes B in the curved exten- sions R, R of the hames. These ex- tensions may be tele- scoped to the rest of the hames P in662 14. Figs. 1 and 2, which may have loops M for the " bugle straps," is adjusted on these extensions by set-screws passing through loops S. The upper fastening may be strengthened by a strap O and buckle. The lower hame fastening consists of a bolt F, as shown, which serves also to fasten the ring G for the pole straps. 2997. Evans, J. E. Feb. 20. Fastening traces Fic.i. &c., snap hooks for. The hooked part a and latch b are pivoted at d and extend beyond the pivot to form eyes e, through which passes the pin g of the frame to which the strap &c. i s attached. A spring strip A or a coUed spring keeps the hook normally closed. 3031. Bussey, G. G. Feb. 20. Whips combined with eyeglasses &c. ,^ ^^ Consists in mount- ing eyeglasses o r reading - glasses in the handle or stick of a whip &c. The glasses are pivoted in a recess in the upper part of the stick or in the handle, and held either extended or closed by friction, or by springs or clips. The Figure shows the application of a double eyeglass to a walking-stick. 3122. Brown, F. Feb. 21. Stirrup straps, suspend- ing. — The buckle B is formed with an eye to | pass over the inclined arm A of the saddle - bar proper. The buckle has also an inclined surface h to bear against the surface a on the bar, so that, in case of the rider being thrown &c., when the stirrup leather is pulled upwards the buckle is forced back- wards and released. A neck pad L, A 2 Iff89] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 3377. Slow, J. Feb. 25 Drojipings, devices for pj catching. — A device for catching horse droppings is formed by a shoot A terminating in a recep- tacle B. The device is attached to the breech- ing and to the vehicle by suitable straps. FIC.!. 3467. Strobehn, r., and Janns, P. Feb. 26. Saddles, harness. Relates to a method of attaching the padding to the saddle. The Figure shows a longitudinal section through the saddle at one of the terret rings, the padding being omitted. The covering enclosing the padding is secured to the plate R to which the socket p is riveted. The plate R is fixed beneath the saddle by screwing the shank of the terret A or other screw into the nut VI. This nut is shouldered so as to bear against the ring rZ which screws into the socket p. By this fastening a worn nut may be replaced without removing the padding. 3519. Thompson, W. P., [Leoni, G.]. Feb. 27. ? L , J Stirrups. — The stirrup is divided at the eye and the legs are pivoted to the tread at A, A. The legs are held together by springs D which press on flat parts of the legs below the pivot and by a bar C fixed to one of the legs and resting on the tread. When a fall occurs, the rider's foot ceases to press on the bar C and forces the legs E apart, thus freeing the stirrup from its strap. 3592. SoUors, E. G. Stirrups. — The eye is formed as a separate piece, and carries pivoted catches / which en- gage with the in- clined sides of a slot in the main bow. The catches are held apart by a piece with a pin k held outwards by a spring s. A second bow, hinged at t to the main bow^ and formed with a tread part h, lies behind Feb. 28. the main bow. If the rider falls his foot ceases to press on the part h and catches against the second bow, which turns upon its hinges t against an opposing spring so as to press against the spring k and force out the piece between the catches, thus detaching the eye. 4430. Whiting-, H. G. March 14. Draw- ings to Specification. Clothing for animals. — Relates to appliances containing magnets or crystals for the treatment of nervous and other diseases, stated to be applied to clothing for animals among other uses. The magnets may be in the form (1) of thin perforated steel plates protected by varnishing or electro- plating, covered with a woven fabric, and magne- tized so as to have a polarity round the perforation as well as at the ends of the sides, (2) of woven wire, or (3) of particles of steel or iron incor- porated with india-rubber, gutta-percha, or similar material. The crystals are cut into slices, and enclosed in metal frames, which may be magnetized or in cases or bags. 4775. nXuir, A. March 19. FIC.4 Horse clipp>ers and the like. — A circular, toothed, rotary cutter is employed for clipping horses, sheep, and other animals. This cutter D with teeth d rotates over a toothed disc A attached to a handle B. The spindle C is geared by bevel gears E, F to a shaft G passing through the handle. The shaft receives rotation from a motor by flexible shafting or other suitable connection. A cover K is hinged to the handle and held down by a latch L. Sockets J formed in the cover enclose springs which bear upon the cutter through friction rollers H. To regulate the length of hair cut, there is an extra comb M held by set-screws in lugs at the sides of the disc A. 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 4798. Rehkopf, F. March 19. Saddles, harness. The Figures show an elevation and centi-al section of part of the frame or tree of the saddle. The frame consists of metal plates, of which the central plate A is arched and hinged at d to the side plates B, which project beyond the hinges d, so that their downward movement is limited. To the plates B are attached under- plates I, to which the pads are secured, and loops k carrying antifriction rollers k'K The top plate g is secured at its front end to a raised part e of the plate A, and towards the rear rests upon a flange g^, to which is fitted a piece forming a loop h at the rear, and a roller h^ in front, which part lies in a slot /■ in the plate A, and at the end rests in a slot eK The check rein hook ./ is secured to the part e, and extends through the plate g. 4960. Ziawrance, G. IMEcG-. March 21. A7U7nals, stocks and the like for holding. — Relates to apparatus for the electrical or other treatment of horses and other animals, and consists chiefly in means for raising the animals from the ground and for administering the electric current. Fig. 3 shows a section of the lifting-apparatus. Tables A, A are supported upon spindles E, E which can be raised and lowered by means of hand-wheels G, G, the distance apart of the tables being adjusted by a hand- wheel I and screwed spindle H. The body of the animal is supported upon a non- conducting bed K, with extensions K^ for the legs ; the bed and extensions are lined with a conductor which forms the negative electrode, the positive electrode consisting of a sponge mounted on a conducting-disc. 0 FIG.3. 5716. Fleischhauer, O. April 3. Fastening, ring coup- lings for. Relates to key rings and to ring fasten- ings for harness. The upper part of the ring A is hollow and works on the extension a of the part B, a spring/ serving to keep the part A in the position s h o w n . To attach a key &c. the part A is moved in the direction of the arrow till the bend d is beyond the point 6, the key is then placed on the point h and the part A returned to the normal position, allowing the key to pass on to the part B. A second movement of the part A allows the key to be moved up on to it. FIG. I. 6003. Steidl, J. April 8. Eorse clippers and the like. — Relates to recipro- cating comb clippers, for men and animals, driven from a fixed motor by flexible shafting. On a stand A is mounted a grooved hand-wheel 6 and a shaft c connected by a driving-belt &^ which is bent three-parts round a grooved wheel ¥ on the spindle c by a guide-pulley ¥. To adjust the f I C . 9. tension of the belt the shaft c is carried m a bear- ing c^ on a stem which can be raised and lowered in a socket at the top of the stand A. The spindle has a slotted screwed end c^ with a nut c^ which tightens it upon the tongued end of the flexible shafting d. The latter is made of short cyhndncal sections jointed at right-angles, and is enclosed in an india-rubber tube with stiffening-rings rf' at intervals. In order to reduce the friction of the 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c [1889 spindle in the hollow handle of the clippers only two short bearings are used within. The pro- truding end of the shaft is provided with an eccentric stud g^ on a disc g which works in a groove in a bracket g^ on the reciprocating comb C. The stad carries an antifriction sleeve. A socket attached to the flexible shafting in the same way as the spindle c is screwed on the spindle 6 by a set-screw s accessible through a bole in the handle. A ploughshare attachment h deflects away the cut hair to one side. For sheep-shearing instruments the under teeth are made with ribs i. 6331. Dunnachie, J. April 13. Bits. — There are two mouth-bars, of which the upper A, preferably rigid, is connected by a swivel or other link D to the square pin E, which is fixed at its other end to the piece G so that the mouth - bar A is always in a straight line with it. The piece G is provided with a loop g for the cheek strap. The lower mouth-bar B, preferably rigid, is connected to the lever F, on which it is held by the removable ring K. The lever F turns on the pin E, and at its upper end is attached to one end of the curb chain H, preferably formed with a long flat link J. 6407. Knauss, E. April 15. F1C.3. Saddles. — Relates to ventilated riding saddles. Fig. 2 shows an elevation, and Fig. 3 a section on the line D D. The saddle consists of two frames carrying wirework B and D, of which the former is lined with felt A and the latter is covered with leather &c. F to form the seat. These frames are hinged together at g and are kept apart by springs a, d, and b. The girth G and stirrup leathers H are attached to the lower frame. The above arrangement may be used for ladies' saddles. 6479. Hill, T. W. April 16. Straps and hands ; haclchands. — The piece o f leather C, used to protect the backhand A from the wear of the shaft-tug buckle, is strengthened by a metal plate D riveted to the piece C, which may be attached to the backhand by a screw G and nut, or by a loop. The in- vention is applicable to harness straps in ereneral. 6600. Rees-Philipps, Bits / martingales. — The object is to prevent a horse from throwing up its head or rearing. Large rings d are placed at the ends of the mouth - bar c, which is preferably a mullen mouth -bar, although a snaffle or chain or jointed mouth-bar will answer. To these rings are attached, for a saddle horse, the snaffle or bridoon reins e, and for a draught horse, the driving or bearing rein. The curb rein / is attached to the bit ring IP. The single strap martingale g is passed through both rings, one end being fastened to the girth, and the other to a neck strap. When the horse rears the martin- gale is strained, and draws the rings d together to grip the lower jaw; the mouth- bar is at the same time twisted, so as to press on the tongue. 6672. Shaw, G. April 18. Fastening traces &c., hooks for. Relates to hooks adapted to release the cord or chain attached to them while it is in tension, and applicable to traces and draught chains for vehicles. The Figure shows a trace hook. The stem s is pivoted to the shaft i, being prevented from coming out by a split pin j9 and from rotating until desired by a pin b which passes through the washer w fixed to the shaft and bears against a flat part A., and Hammond, C. 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 of the stem s. When it is desired to release the chain c, the pin b is removed and the hook a is rotated. For pole-chains a hook may be formed at each end of the stem s, and the locking-pin b passed transversely through the shaft. 6837. Williams, W. April 24. Collars, necJc. — A plate a in one or more parts is at- tached to the top of collars worn by horses working in mines and like places to protect the collars from injury by striking the roof. This plate may have lugs at the top or sides for further protection and for better adjustment respectively. 6870. Gardiner, E. C. April 24. Nosebags. — The bag is attached to a metal frame E which may have a hinged part H covered to form a lid. This frame is connected by hooks &c. G' to an outer stout frame A which is adapted to be fixed to the shafts (as in the Figure), or to the pole of a vehicle by forming suitable sockets &c. on the latter. Chains or straps may be used to assist in supporting the bag. 7128. Winder, R, April 29. Bits. — The bit is rigid throughout, and the mouth-bar a is looped in the middle b and bent back as shown. When used as a snaffle there is no pressure on the roof of the mouth ; and when used as a curb bit, the pressure on the roof of the mouth is less than that on the tongue. The nose- band described in Specification No. 797, A.D. 1884, may be used in conjunction with this bit, an additional pair of reins being necessary. 7557. Westpbalen, J. ZX. von, and G-ross, P. May 6. Saddles. — Three forms of saddle-tree are de- scribed, namely, for military, for gentlemen's, and for ladies' use. Fig. 1 shows a military saddle-tree. The side plates a, of steel or other metal, or of wood &c., are specially curved to fit the horse's back, and are connected together by the front arch b, preferably of steel plate doubled along its front edge and by the back arch d. The seat c, of the shape shown and strengthened by a plate beneath, is riveted &c. to the side plates a. Loops are provided at m for the hanging strap, at n for the baggage, at a for the stirrup leathers, and at^ and behind the seat c for attaching the rider's cloak. The girth is attached by screws to the side plates, which are slotted when made of wood, so that the girths can lie beneath the side plates and the seat. For gentlemen's saddles the back arch d and the loops for fixing the cloak are dispensed with, and the loop o is replaced by the saddle-bar. For ladies' saddles both arches b and d are dispensed with, and the side plates a are connected by two straps. The seat is also inclined to the right, and the stirrup leather is fastened to the right loop, and brought under the horse to the left loop. The near horn or pommel is screwed to a socket in the side bar, so that its position can be varied. 7570. Wolseley, P. V. May 6. Horse clippers and the like. — The cutters are made hollow for light- ness by stamping blanks into the form shown. FiC.4. 7769. Nuttall, CE. P. May 9. Doff collars. — The collar consists of three straps A, B, C, of which the straps A, B are connected together by a loop d and buckle e to form the collar proper, while the strap C is stitched to the strap A, and passing through the loop d terminates in a loop / for the lead. This strap tightens round the dog's neck if it struggles, and thus prevents it from withdrawing its head from the collar. When it is not desired to control the dog in this way, the lead may be attached to the loop i. ■■a£\ 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 8167. Sei^'eant, W. K. May 16. Bridles. — The reins a, either for riding or driving, run freely through rings on the bit or headstall, then through rings c on the girth, or part of the harness occupying about the same position, and hxstly are attached to the crupper b or similar part of harness. A better control is stated to be thus obtained. 8634. Vickery, A. May 24. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. Re- lates to saddle-bars con- structed to release the stirrup leathers in case of the rider being thrown. The bar B, with or without the usual spring catch p, is hinged at b to the piece T, which is pivoted at t to the plate A fixed to the saddle-tree. Projections a, c on the plate A support the bar B and piece T, but do not prevent them from turning until in an extreme position, when the notch i' engages with the projection a. 9411. Brlgrgr, T. ». June 6. Fastening traces, spring attachments for. Relates to harness and shaft attachments for facilitating the draught of vehicles. The traces 9 are attached to a lever 5, which is held in position by a strong spring 15. The shafts are hinged at 13 to another lever 12, to which they are also attached by a tie 14. When the vehicle is travelling on a level road the spring 15 takes all the pull of the draught, but when the draught is very heavy, as in ascending an incline or in starting the vehicle, the spring 15 yields and the lever 5 bears against the lever 1 2, thereby causing the front ends of the shafts to be pressed downwards, and a downward pressure to be exerted on the fore quarters of the horse, by which means his grip on the road is increased. Various other arrangements of the levers are described. The invention can also be applied to sledges and Bath chairs. Fastening, couplings for. Relates to a fastening or coupling stated to be applicable for harness &c. It consists of a female part d, of any suitable cross- section, and a corresponding male part g, locked together by a cam/ on the end of a lever a pivoted to lugs on the female part d, and projecting into a recess i formed in the male part. The recess i may run completely round the stem g to form a swivel. 10,060. Durand, J.,and Bonneau, P. C. Ii. June 19. FIC.5. Saddles, harness. Fig. 5 shows a cross- section of the pad near one of the loops H for suspending the shaft-tugs, and Fig. 7 a similar section across a modified form of pad. Fig. 4 shows a cross-section through the top of the pad. The padding E is attached to the flaps A by screws and nuts i, i\ Figs. 5 and 7, instead of stitching. In the form shown in Fig. 5, bands F cover the nuts, and in the 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 form shown in Fig. 7 the nuts are enclosed between the two layers k, 1 of the flaps A. The ends of the top piece B are attached to the flaps A in a similar manner. The flaps are rounded and tapered off at the ends to a special shape. The loops H and terret rings are bolted through the top piece B, flaps A, and tree C, as shown in Fig. 5. The cantle D, Fig. 4, is also bolted on, the bolts/, r/ serving to hold the crupper ring o and bearing hook h respectively. 10,162. G-auttard, A. Xi. G-. June 21. Fallen horse s, raining. — Relates to apparatus which may be attached to vehicles. The lever A is slung by means of a rope or chain F over a pulley D, carried by a jib fixed to the vehicle. The lever thus has a movable fulcrum whereby the leverage can be varied as the lever is turned. t 10,218. Notton, S. June 22. Materials; bridles; traces; breeching; collars, neck; saddles. — Reins, traces, breeching, &c. are made of flat metal chain bands as shown, suitably bound at the edges or lined. The frames of the collar (which is in halves with a suitable hinge and catch), of the saddle, and the blinkers are of sheet metal, suitably lined. 10,330. Cleeve, F. J. S. June 25. Stands for saddles. The top A of a saddle-rack is hinged at B, so as to form a box when closed up, into which the legs C may be put. The legs C may be attached to the saddle box shown in dotted lines, or to feet. |» 10,458. Kline, J. P. June 27. Stopping i-unaway horses; bridles. — The Figure l58hows a perspective view of a pole fitted with the liiffieans for checking the horses. The pole cap b, I w^^ pole ¥, and whipple-tree G are carried by a jrod B sliding in guides a^ and D. On the rear liMdof the rod B is fixed a notched block engaged by a spring catch E, which can be raised by a cam F, actuated by straps/' controlled by the driver. Near the front of the pole are fixed check reins a\ attached to the bits. The driver by raising the catch E leaves the rod B with the whipple-tree G and breast pole &' free to slide forwards, the check reins a^ then become tightened, and the whole of the traction is thrown on to the bits. 10,482. Thompson, W. June 28. P., [Giinzel, L.]. Spurs and spur carriers. — The spur, which is readily fitted and detached, has three arms a, d, d, of which the arm a fits centrally into the heel A, and the arms d, d carry pins e, e, which take into recesses in the grooved ends of a cross-bar b let into the heel, 10,621. Edwards, E., [Cock, E. A. F. del. July 1. Saddles. — The leather part, Fig. 1, of military and other saddles is made by moulding a single piece of leather upon a mould of the required shape. This leather part or covering is then fixed to the saddle-tree. 10,748. Wainwrig-ht, T. July 3. Rein holder s. — The reinsare gripped between the handle A and knobs G, one of which screws upon a rod c passing through holes in the reins. 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 W. G. 10,813. Pearce Bits. — The reins are attached to the loops h} on the sleeves s', which are pulled down upon the cheeks S' against the spring -n} to increase the leverage when the reins are very vigorously pulled. In a modification, the cheeks S> are slotted tubes and the springs work within them. 11,002. Alexander, T. H. July 9. Currycombs. — The blade A consists of a coiled serrated strip or serrated strips forming concentric rings. The strip or strips are held by a bolt with washers E to the piece D forming part of the handle C. 11,170. Kimberley, W. July 11. Horse clippers and the like. — The Figure shows a longitudinal section of clippers for cutting human hair. A guard plate a, toothed in its front bent part, is fixed by a screw at g, and regu- lated by a bolt e and milled nut/, according to the length to which the hair is to be cut. 11,229. Timmlns, E. P. July 12. Saddles. — Riding, har- ness, and pack saddles are made with air spaces be- tween the upper and lower parts, with or with- out ventilating-corruga- tions in the lower parts, and with a bridge-shaped top so as not to bear on the animal's backbone. The Figure shows a riding saddle in transverse sec- tion. The sheet-metal plates C, provided beneath with ventilating-corrugations (not shown), are riveted to the saddle backbone G, and carry leather flaps F, F. The seat B is hinged at the pommel A to the saddle backbone G, is supported in the middle by the plate spring D, and is held down at the cantle by a chain. 11,360. Orred, S. July 15. Saddles. — The saddles are mainly for transporting medicines, b a n d- ages, splints, &c. on the backs of dogs or other ani- mals in time of war. The padded part A with the upper part « is se- cured by the girth B. The flaps C, carrying straps F for splints &c. and pockets E for medi- cines &c. are fixed to the part A, and are held down by the bellyband D. Breast and neck straps also keep the saddle in position. When used by sledge dogs &c. the saddle may be attached to the traces and be provided with terrets. 11,892. Cole, Specification. G-. July 26. Drawings to Saddles. — Spring seats or surfaces for saddles are formed from steel or other sheet metal stamped in one or more pieces, padded and covered if de- sired, and attached by nails through flanges on the plates or otherwise. 12,143. Cornish, K.. H. July 31. Muzzles for awmaZs.— The muzzle, which, with suitable modifications, may be used for dogs, cats, goats, hogs, camels, and human beings, is made of 10 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 wire, preferably. " aluminized," bent as shown. The wire A, formed with clips D for the collar and for additional cords if necessary, runs parallel to the teeth of the upper jaw and supports a plate C in front. Addresses or advertisements may be printed upon the front plate of the muzzle. The animal can eat by lowering its head, when the wire E falls forwards and the bar F slides through the loop d. The wire Gr passes over the snout or bridge of the nose, and the cord H (when suitably lengthened) is passed under the lower jaw to control the extent of its movement. 12,321. 12,171. Wenman, F. K., and Betteley, H. July 31. Collars, necTs. — The collar, shown in transverse section, consists mainly of two india- rubber tubes A, B of suit- able shape open to the air at the top, and connected by a tube at the bottom, or open there also. These tubes are suitably padded and lined. 12,316. Ang-el, W. J. Aug. 2. Collars, 7iech ; saddles ; stuffing- materials. — Granu- C^ FIC2 1 a t e d cork, en- closed in a light canvas cover, is used as a padding- material for collars and saddles. For the lining C any suit able material that will stand washing and cleans- ing is used. It is attached by hooks X and eyes c, which engage directly at the front edge of the lining, and at the back edge are laced together by a cord D. 12,321. Kipling-, E., and Walker, C. Aug. 2. Preventing horses from falling. — A rope D at- tached at the ends to hooks B passes over the pulleys E fixed to the vehicle and over the pulley F' to which a second pulley-block J is swivelled. A rope K attached at the ends to the horses' harness passes over the pulley J. Should one horse stumble it is supported by the other and by the rope D. 12,545. Northam, W. G-. Aug. 8. Muzzles for animals. — Relates to dog muzzles adapted to enable the dog to drink and pick up pieces. The head strap A is made stiff and elastic by a flat spring, and is looped for attach- ment to the collar B and the adjustable chin band C^ of wire, leather, &c. The strap A is split in front and attached to the nose piece C, which is connected to the collar B by loosely-jointed side pieces D of metal, leather, &c. 12,854. Newton, Aug. 14. Saddles.— ThQ saddle-tree A, B is stamped with the saddle-bars E, E^ in one piece of sheet metal. It is shaped with depressions F, F', which are after- wards filled with rubber &c. ; holes are made for at- taching the leather covering, and the plate is bent to the proper curved form. A metal under plate H may be attached, cover- ing the seat A or the whole upper plate. This under- plate may be divided longitudi- ». S., [Walsh, T.I. {For Drawing see next column.') \ nally into two plates to facilitate ventilation. 11 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 FIC.3. 13,042. Edwards, J. Aug. 19. Bridles or headstalls with means for preventing destruc- tion of clothing. The head- gear is for preventing horses from destroying their clothing, while allowing them to feed. A curved piece of leather d with or without a bottom of wire netting is held behind the lower jaw by suitable adjustable straps as shown. 13,052. Symonds, J. Aug. 19. Muzzles for animals. — The muzzle is formed of a frame attached to the neck strap A. Tinned or galvanized wire is preferably used in front, and leather &c. or wire lined with leather at the back as at D and E. At the mouth there is a hinged plate I of wire netting or perforated metal. The wire H is fitted to the transverse wire H' of the hinge, which is preferably controlled by a spiral spring M and is prevented from opening by a loop N hinged at N' and sliding on the loop K, K^. This hinged plate may be dispensed with, if the muzzle is made large enough to allow the animal to open its mouth. There is a leather loop L between the strap A and loop K^. 13,192. Nicholls, F. V. Aug. 21. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. A perforated plate. Fig. 4, is fixed to the stirrup strap and fits over the peg a, Fig. 1, in the plate h fixed to the saddle-tree. This peg fits into a hole in the saddle flap, and thus the stirrup strap is only released when a fall occurs and the leg ceases to press upon the flap. 13,245. Alderson, E. Aug. 22. Stirruj) straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The stirrup leather G is attached to a bar H, which is hinged at L, and pivoted at the top to a piece F which has pins fitting into holes in the disc C. This disc is pivoted at B to the plate A, and is pro- vided with lugs D which press aside one or other of the springs E, E, when there is a sufficient strain on the stirrup leather, in an oblique direction. The rotation of the disc allows the piece 'F to be pulled away, thus freeing the stirrup leather. In a modi- fication, the stirrup leather may be attached to a pin at the top of the disc C, or the disc may be replaced by a piece with a quadrant-shaped groove, in which a ball is kept by means of springs, which, when overcome, permit the escape of the ball together with the attached stirrup leather. 13,306. Barker, Aug. 23. Cr., [Peterson, W. H.]. Stirrups , safety. A safety inner bow or cross- bar, pivoted at 6® and provided with spring clips &*, b^, is made adjust- able in height to suit different feet. The part 6* may screw into the sleeve b^, or into a loose nut thereon, or may have a series of holes for a set- screw, or the part 6® and the cross-bar may be con- nected by pivoted cross- bars. 13,337. Edwards, E., Aug. 23. Stirrups, safety. An inner bow B is hinged at C to the large outer bow A, and is held in the position shown by two small projections. If the rider is thrown, the bow B turns on its hinges and frees the foot. [Belloni, X.]. 13,394. Barnett, Xi., [Curtis, D.]. Aug. 24. Saddles. — Gig harness and riding saddles are fitted with zinc plates or linings to prevent or cure sore backs. The Figure shows a pair of dished plates a', a^ fitted to a harness saddle 12 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 13,498. Peltzer, F. Aug. 27. Bridles with means for blindfolding horses. The flaps /, by which the horse is blindfolded when restive, are pivoted to plates a fixed to the blinkers, and are operated through levers J, c, d, h against the spring e by a chain i and cord. This cord passes over a roller kept in place beneath the saddle hook by a spring bolt until pulled firmly by a cord passing from the roller to the driver. 13,508. Mendel, A. Aug. 27. Collars, breast. — A breast collar or substitute for the ordinary horse &c. collar consists of a suitable plate o r frame a, d, pre- ferably hinged at b, which is adjustably connected in the rear to a saddle c or like part held by a bellyband. The upper part d of the frame may be con- nected by an arched piece passing freely over the neck of the animal to prevent the frame from yielding. 13,609. Aug. 29. Shepherd, F. Fastening traces, pole- chains, and harness breeching. Relates to a slip-hook consisting of a casing a to which is pivoted the arm c and in which slides the piece d urged forwards by the spring/. A hole in the piece d, registering with a larger hole through the casing, is made for the insertion of the finger to draw back the piece d and so release the arm c, which is urged outwards by the spring e. 3,797. Burman, W., and Burman, W. H., [trading as Burman & Sons]. Sept. 2. IJorse clippers and the like. — Relates to hair clippers, more especially toilet clippers, and consists in means for adjusting the tension of the opening- out spring. The spring d, Fig. 1, fixed to the lever c which operates the movable cutting-plate b, is formed with an indented end d", which receives one of the projections e' or e' on the fulcrum e pivoted on the fixed lever /. These projections are of different lengths, and there may be any suitable number of them. In a modification, the end of the spring d takes into one of a number of notches in the fulcrum which are at different distances from the pivot. In another form, Fig. 4, the spring d has a sliding bearing on c^ and the tension is adjusted by a screw pin g. 13,821. Milchsack, C. G-. Sept. 2. Bridles ; rein-holders; stopping runaway horses. — A separate pair of r e i n s b, ¥ passes from the bit through rings c' on the collar to a winch w, which may be worked by hand or foot. ..JUila 14,039. Murphy, P., and Murphy, T. Sept. 6. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The saddle-bar consists of a bracket d, Fig. 1, formed behind with a block to fit to the ordinary saddle-bar, and in front with an inclined bar or projection B upon which is hung a frame d, Fig. 3, from which the stirrup strap is suspended. A spring may press the frame to the bar. If a fall occurs the frame leaves the bar B. 13 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 Stirrups. — The detachable tread S is fitted to the bow, Fig. 2, by the projections P, P, which rest upon the projections M, M and the lugs D, D which lie beneath catches urged downwards by spiral springs or by a spring bow. The stirrup strap is attached to the two eyes F, T. If a fall occurs the tread turns upon the projections P, P until it is free from the bow, when it falls away. 14,591. Fuchslocher, W. Sept. 17. FIC.3 Runaway horses, releasing ; fastening traces, pole- chains, &c. The draught-bar x>i ^^S- ^> which carries the trace fastenings, is mounted to rotate in bearings, and is fixed by a catch g engaging a notched disc li. The inner end of the lever g can be depressed by a screw e passing through the centre pin of the forecarriage and actuated by a nut formed as a pinion engaging a rack c. For releasing the horses the rack c is moved by a chain 6 which is pulled by the driver or by a passenger. The screw e is thus lowered and disengages the catch g, allowing the draught-bar p to rotate until the traces slip off their fastenings. Fig. 7 shows the fastening for the pole-chains. The chains are passed over the prongs r'^ of the fork ?•, and are secured by lever catches s. When the traces are released the pull of the chains on the catches s cause them to open as shown, thereby releasing the chains. When leader horses are employed, their harness is attached to a ring u the stem t of which is secured in the prong r^ by the catches s, so that, when these latter are released as described, the leaders will also be released. 14,622. Kill, C. A. Sept. 17. V ■■ f Jt 22^ J J Fastening ; dog leaders. — Relates to helical spring appliances for backhands, traces, hames, breeching, pole-chains, &c. or vehicles to lessen the shocks of starting &c. and for dog chains &c. Fig. 13 shows one form in which two springs are used, one A in extension and the other B in com- pression, divided by the sliding nut M fixed to the draw-bar. Fig. 21 shows a spring link of a chain with a single helical spring. Fig. 22 shows combined plate and helical springs for traces which are attached to the eyes e of the draw-bars. Fig. 29 shows another form of spring trace hook. A helical spring A' is coiled upon the axis of the hook D', the ends of the spring bearing against stops on the hooks and case respectively. Other forms may be used, in most of which either single helical springs may be employed or springs used both in extension and compression, as in Fig. 13, and the frame may be open or closed, formed with fixing- lugs in different positions, &c. 14,837. Smith, C, and Bown, G. F. Sept. 20. Collars; linings. — Collars are lined with sheet india-rubber, strengthened where stitched on by a canvas or other backing. The Provisional Specifi- cation describes the use of ventilating - tubes beneath the lining. 15,154. SLinloch, S. G., and Wilcock, J. Sept. 26. Bridles. — The bear- ing rein is made elastic throughout or in part. The Figure shows one form, in which a heli- cal spring A forms part of the bearing rein C, its extension being limited by a cord F. The helical spring may be enclosed in a case, and be used in extension or compression. India-rubber may also be used. 15,227. Sutter, A., [Jaeggli, J.]. Sept. 27. Drawings to Specification. Rein-holders. — The invention consists of an automatic brake applied by the sliding of the body on the undercarriage in descending an incline, the brake blocks being applied by suitable mechanism to the hind wheels only, or to the front and hind wheels. The reins, in the absence of the driver, may be attached to a lever connected with the brake mechanism, so that any pull of the horses tends to apply the brakes. 15,231. Smith, E. Sept. 27. Stirrups. — The tread and part of the legs is lined with india - rubber &c. s', ^j, ^', pre- ferably slotted at 0, o', to prevent the foot from slipping. 14 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 W. G., [Christie, E.]. 15,260. Asliford, Sept. 28. Stirrup straps, suspend- ing, safety saddle - bars for. The stirrup leather h is suspended from the link g hinged to the centrally - pivoted cross- bar e, the ends of which catch beneath circular flanges c, c upon the plate a, which is secured to the saddle - tree by screws through the lugs b, b. If a fall occurs, the cross-bar e pivots on the plate a until free from the flanges c, c, when the stirrup leather becomes detached. 15,347. Hooper, S. Sept. 30. Fastening, slip- hooks for. Re- lates to a safety fastening for horses or cattle. The tongue b is pivoted at b^ to the part a provided with a back plate, and bears against a spring c pivoted at c'. The tongue may be pivoted at r} and the spring be arranged behind the back plate a. f IC. ^J (( / °*^ z^ ^^ 15,818. Boult, A. J., [Baher, J. S.]. Oct. 8. Fastening hames, hooks for. The ends E, E' of the hames are engaged by hooks D, D^ on a forked piece A and a notched arm G respectively. The piece A is cast around a forked lever B (shown dotted), which is pivoted to it at G. To secure the fastening, the lever B, occupying a vertical position, is made to engage by a pin F with one of tbe teeth I on the arm C, and is then turned upon its pivot G until its end 0 is engaged with a spring, and the arm C abuts against the cross-bar J on the piece A. 16,284. Uffliausen, A. Oct. 16. Bits. — The bit is for restive horses, and con- sists of two bars b carry- ^-^ F I C . l . ing rein rings c at one end, and similar rings d at the other which slide upon the bars b and are secured to the check straps. On pulling the reins firmly the bit opens out and assumes a V form. 16,714. Patterson, J., J. W. Oct. 23. and Donovan, nc 2. Muzzles for animals. — Relates to ferret muzzles. Fig. 1 shows a back view of the muzzle, and Fig. 2 a section. The muzzle consists mainly of the ring A flanged at B to hold needles C, which project slightly beyond the nose and serve to urge the rabbit forwards and to prevent the ferret from coiling itself up and going to sleep. The muzzle is secured to the nose of the animal by either one or two spring pins D which are passed behind the fangs. 17,076. Christopbe, J. Oct. 29. Saddles. — The seat a of the saddle-tree is riveted &c. to the U - shaped pommel piece b, which is con- nected with the side plates c directly or by pieces ?». The side plates c are prolonged at the rear, and bent over and riveted to the seat a to form a spring cantle. A strengthening-plate c" or a flat or coiled spring may be fixed at this part, and rubber blocks i may be added. The seat a is thus raised well above the back of the horse, ensuring ventilation. 17,138. Boyeres, F. C. de. Oct. 29. Dog collars; ^7 y ^ ^ f" ' C f muzzles for animals; bridles ; electric harness. — Relates to electric a p p 1 i - ances in the form ij \ '. of rings, which are applicable for use as or in connection with collars, muzzles, reins or bridles, harness, &c., for preventing rabies in domestic animals. The Figure shows a portion of such a ring adapted to form a collar for a dog or cat. It is buUt up of a number of galvanic couples c, s separated or not by absorbent material d for retaining an exciting liquid, and either insulated from each other or connected together in series or parallel by metallic links or by other means. 17,270. Silver, W., and Cohen, N. Oct. 31. Horse clippers and the like. — A longitudinal section is shown. The working parts are enclosed within a casing formed of a plate 21 and a hinged cover 22. A fixed comb cutter 20 is screwed to 15 1889] ABKIDGMENT CLASS HAKNESS &c. [1889 FIC.I the plate 21. A working cutter 5 is carried by a lever 4 swivelling about a pin 10. Ball bearings 18 are placed between the lever and the nut which holds it down. The inner end of the lever 4 has a foot 11 which rests on a roller 12 at the end of an arm swivelling beneath about the pin 10. A connecting-rod 9 hinged to the lever ends with a ball-and-socket joint in a crank disc 2 at the end of a driving-spindle 1 . Power is transmitted to the spindle by flexible shafting ending in a universal joint. The joint is contained in a case formed of two jointed collars 24, 25. The flexible shafting is made of catgut sections 3 joined by hooks and eyes. It Li protected by a flat helix. The driving- end of the helix is provided with a tube having a groove 29 to fit a collar on the spindle of the clipper. A ring 31 and latch 28 ensure firm grip. FJC.3. 17^572. Tehnlk, A., and Vavra, F. Nov. 5. Fastenhig traces, bands, &c., friction grip couplings for. The ends of the trace &c. are clamped by means of wedges c, c in the sheath a, which is formed with taper flanged sides. The ends of the parts to be joined may be laid one over the other, and a single wedge employed, or one end may be secured to the sheath by means of a rectangular loop. 17,645. Burg-on, C. Nov. 6. Horse clippers and the like. — An angle plate a secured to a handle carries a fixed comb plate b and a fulcrum pin for a lever d which works a reciprocating comb c. The lever is actuated by a crank h, i at the end of a spindle through the handle con- nected by flexible shafting with a motor. The comb c is engaged by two pins projecting from a plate h at the end of the lever. A pressure spring is placed between the comb and plate, and its tension is varied by a screw s on the fulcrum pin. FIC.2. The screw s can be locked to a cover u which protects the parts. A spring t beneath the lever prevents jarring. 17,887. Close, P. A. Nov. 9. Saddles, harness. Each panel consists of two boards A, B, the lower of which is rounded and padded and connected by springs D to the upper one. The panels are covered with leather and attached by bolts &c. to the saddle-tree FIC.I. 18,194. Biebuyck, G. Nov. 14. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The stirrup leather is suspended from a piece E, which is provided with a button F, the shank of which rests in a notch B in the block A, and is kept in place by a spring D attached to the block C on the base-plate X which is fixed to the saddle-tree. Any backward, forward, or upward jerk on the piece E causes it to become disengaged. The blocks A and C may be shaped to prevent disengagement by a forward pull, if desired. 18,244. Cooper, W., and Koldsworth, J. Nov, 15. Traces. — Relates to gear for aiding in starting and drawing vehicles. The Figure shows the appli- cation to a wagon, but the invention may also be applied to tramcars, omnibuses, sledges, and other vehicles. A chain is attached as at A" to the back of the vehicle, passes under struts B, and is either kd upwards as at A to the collar or other part of the harness or motor, or passes over a pulley C on the shaft before it is attached to the harness. The weight is thus thrown on to the hinder part of the vehicle, and the grip of the horse on the road is increased in the chains to increase the effect. 16 Pulley tackle or levers may be inserte 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 18,575. Nlcholls, r. V. Nov. 20. Stirrup sir ap s, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. Relates to improvements on the inven- tion described in Specification No. 3250, A.D. 1883. The pin c, which passes through the plate a and bears against the pivoted bar h, is controlled by a spring which is arranged at the back in a vertical position, so that the bar may be fixed nearer the point of the saddle-tree. 18,580. IMEarkham, R. J. Nov. 20. Fastening traces and pole-chains, slip and other hooks for. Fig. 1 shows a form of hook for traces or pole- chains, and Fig. 5 a double hook for supporting the shafts of a road vehicle. The stem h of the hook, Fig. 1, is plain or screwed as shown, and is held in position by a spring bolt or special key fitting into the hole c. I'or releasing the trace &c., the key is pulled out and the hook turned as shown in the dotted lines. In Fig. 5 the point of the hook a is slotted and recessed so that it may be held by the head of the screwed pin q. 18,644. Mountford, G. M. Nov Collars, necJc ; fastening traces, loops for. The Figure shows a transverse section through a horse collar. No h a in e s are used, and the trace attach- ment consists of a leather loop h^ strengthened by a rivet c^, and stitched between the two leathers C, C of the afterwale A. This strap embraces a ring &c., to which the trace is directly or indirectly attached. The fore- wale a^ is made smaller than usual, and the hame groove in ordinary collars is filled up. 18,842. Berry, G. Zi. Nov. 23. Collars, neck ; saddles ; linings. — Harness collars, as shown in the Figure, and saddles or pads, are lined with corrugated cork, preferably covered with leather &c. with an interposed layer of caoutchouc. P 13G02 18,912. Egrleton, F. A. Nov. 25. Combs for dogs, the manes of horses, &c. are provided with handles as shown, to enable them to be more firmly held. 18,977. Baumbach, A. Interferiyig rings. — Two strips of leather a, b are sewn together so as to enclose a space between them, and strips of leather c connected by a cord / are fixed in slots in the outer leather b. Nov. 26. 19,102. Young-, J. P. Nov. 28. FIG. 2: Whips. — The lash or switch B of a dog or riding whip is enclosed in the hollow stick of an um- brella, or within a walking-stick, and may be fixed to the detachable handle A of the stick, or, in the modification shown, it may be attached to the ferrule E of the stick by means of a screw joint. 19,210. Blorris, A. ». Nov. 29. Saddles. — The tree is formed with looped " points " A, A. The crupper loop D is hooked to the tree and brazed thereto. The saddle-bars E are attached by an iron band B and by a double- headed U-shaped rivet C, and are formed with a hole E for a rivet which attaches the flap on the outside of the " point " and the strap on the inside. 19,360. Wenman, F. H., and Betteley, K. Dec. 2. Pads for riding and other saddles, breast and other collars, knee - caps, bridles, and breech- ing and harness 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 straps generally are made of rubber, with or ■without zinc &c. to stiflfen it, and with holes for the passage of air. The Figure shows a pad B for a breast collar ; C, C are the openings for the air. 19,395. Entwistle, A., and Farnworth, W. Dec. 3. Collars, neck, hame tugs for. The hame tug Bis formed beneath with a projection C, with or without a plate E, to prevent the injurious friction of the trace loop D against the collar. .;^^te^ F1C.I 19,546. Schneider, A. Dec. 5. Dog &c. collars. — The collar, which is for use in training dogs and other animals and for sporting pur- poses, consists of an open metal tube covered with leather and en- closing jointed clutches ^', P which are con- trolled by springs /, / and by a cord n passing through the ring r to which the lead may be attached. If the animal pulls violently the cord n is strained and causes the clutches ^\ k' to protrude from slots and grasp the animal's neck and thus restrain it. By fastening the lead to the second ring r\ the controlling-mechanism is rendered inoperative. FIO.3. "ou) n.2J 19,591. Tehnik, A., and Vavra, F. Dec. 5. Fastening traces. Relates to buckles o r fastenings of the kind described in Specification No. 17,572, A.D. 1889. The sheath a^ has an inclined upper surface and a tail a for connec- tion to one end of the strap &c. ; the other end is clamped between the sheath and a serrated wedge d bent up from sheet metal and formed with a guide cZ' and a tail rf* entering a slot a^ in the sheath. In a modification, the wedge is arranged to embrace the upper part of the sheath. 19,701. Zuccarelll, A. BK. Dec. 7. Bridles, blindfolding-appli- ances for. Restive or runaway horses are restrained by blind- folding them by a veil V, which when folded is lodged in a box on the frame E attached to the brow band. The front of the box is opened by a cord x, which thus allows the veil" to fall out. Cords q, y and springs in the band o ensure the proper position of the veil. Dec. 9. Pic. 3. 19,747. Fischer, G. Fastening straps &c., slipping - devices for. To the end A of the band is riveted a casing a, h ; to the other end A' a block n having a tongue carry- ing the stud 0, which is retained in the position shown between the heels of a pair of levers g, h. These are locked by means of a T lever i pivoted at k, I and lying between their tails, but the contact-surfaces are bevelled so that the pull upon the fastening tends to turn the T lever up and thereby free the levers g, h. This tendency is resisted by a stud on a hinged lid at the top of the casing. This is locked by a sliding catch, and can be liberated by means of a string. 19,789. Rippke, K. Dec. 9. Fastening traces, slip - hooks for. Consists of a spring coupling for attaching traces, whipple-trees, &c. to vehicles. The spring G surrounding a bolt H is enclosed in a frame A, the open end of which can be closed by a hook D engaging the part C and secured by a sliding catch N. The parts to be connected are attached re- spectively to the hook D and to an eye K on the stem H. 19,837. Schneider, A. Dec. 10. nc.3 Dog leashes. — The hook h for the collar H is pulled up so as to release it, as shown, by a separate cord s^, operated by a block g, which slides freely on the other cord s^. Both cords are attached to a ring r, held by a snap- hook k to the sportsman's belt G. 18 1889] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1889 20,208. Carlstedt, J. K., and Malmqvist, C. P. Dec. 16. Bridles. — Runaway horses are controlled by a special nose-band e which closes the mouth and forces rollers &c. h against the nostrils. The rollers h are supported hj springs h and guided by metal frames g carried by the strap a, which passes over the nose of the animal, and is secured to the bit lings k. The strap e also passes over the nose of the animal and through the ring d supported from the bit rings by the strap c. 20,519. Geiersbach, F. Dec. 20. Runaioay horses., releasing .—The pole d fits into a socket on the underframing, and is retained by a bolt c attached to a lever h which can be actuated for raising the bolt (and so releasing the pole) by the driver by means of a vertical push-rod a, or by the passengers by means of the push -rod a^. The roller bolts for the traces o are carried by the pole, so that, when the latter is set free, it can move outwards from the vehicle. 20,749. Wolseley, P. V. Dec. 24. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to apparatus specially applicable for imparting motion to flexible shafting for driving sheep shearing and clipping apparatus. The driving-shaft a carries a bevel friction-wheel ft, gearing with a pinion c on the spindle «, which is connected to the flexible shaft by a bayonet joint y, pro- vided with a locking- spring, and is jour- nalled in the bracket 0. This is pivoted on the bearing d of the main shaft, and, in consequence of its form &c. and the action of the spring q, tends to fall away from the wheel &, keeping the pinion out of gear. The pinion is pressed into gear or liberated by means of a three-armed lever u^ pivoted at v?, from the horizontal arms of which hang cords or rods. The vertical arm u is slotted to engage with a pin i on a spring r pivoted at s, which can then be moved into or out of contact with the bracket o, to prevent accidental displacement ; it has a projection v) which enters a corresponding recess in the bracket. Fic.a 20,841. Boult, A. J., \_Auersv;ald, H., and Hoffman7i, /.]. Dec. 28. Stopping and con- trolling runaway and restive horses, — Frightened o r runaway horses are controlled by springing the steel plates e over the fore legs. These plates are drawn up beneath the plate b by means of a rack on the spring rod Z, both of which slide in the tube a. The rack is operated by a pinion with suitable handle, and is held by a pawl which is released by pulling the strap d when it is desired to restrain the animal. P 13662 19 Ji2 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 A.D. 1890. :. King-, K.E., Stuart, J., and Christie, ». A. T. Jan. 4. Mars, neck ; saddles ; F I Fl C.6. 184. Kin I> " ~ Collars, neck ; saddles ; pads. — Horse - collars and harness pads are made of a metal frame to which a spring cushion is attached. This cushion may consist of a curved sheet-metal plate brazed at one edge to the frame, and left free at the other, or may consist of an inflated rubber bag loosely enclosed in a canvas bag, the compound bag being held to the frame by a leather casing attached by wire stitching. The Figure shows a section of the frame for a horse-collar. The fore- wale L is bent round a metal tube m, and the edge of the af terwale L^ round a wire ii. Eyes q and holes g are provided for the wire stitches. In harness saddles the frame is similar. 290. Pirnie, 6. Jan. 7. Whips. — The loop C, to which the snapper F is fastened, is strengthened by one or more strips E, E of skin, cloth, &c., one end of which is at- tached to the whip stalk A below the loop, or continued to form the usual lining or wrapping, while the other end extends beyond the loop, and is braided or other- wise secured to the snap. 328. Wade, J., and Gill, J. Jan. 8. Muzzles for animals. — The Figure shows a top view of a dog muzzle. A plate A passes from the nose to the top of the head, and along this plate runs a doubled wire C, C, which carries a loop G- and is separated at the nostrils, and after support- ing the shield D for the lower jaw terminates in loops E, E. The muzzle is secured by a chain F which passes through loops E, G and a loop on the plate D. r lO « 456. Blarshall, JUL. A., [Administratrix of Marshall, E.'], and Burg-on, C. Jan. 10. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to friction gearing for driving sheep - shear- ing, horse - clipping, and other machines. The friction pinion 8 mounted on a swing frame is thrown in and out of gear by means of a cam disc h on a spindle, carrying a lever 6 with cords on a hand-wheel, and supported in a lever 1. 809. Iiord, K. Jan. 16. Muzzles for ani- mals. — A dog ^^^ muzzle, including or excepting the collar A, is made of india-rubber &c., to prevent chafing. 925. mohrstadt, G-. W., and Oates, C. W. Jan. 18. Fastening bridles, spring catches for. A fastening for bridles &c. is con- structed with two arms B, C pivoted together to form a divided loop or eye- let 0 with which a stud engages. One arm is rigidly se- cured to one of the parts to be fastened 20 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 and the other arm is provided with a tail. A spring E retains the fastening closed. Where several fasteners are employed they may be actuated simultaneout-lv by a sliding rod with suitable catches. The Figure shows the end of the sliding rod Avith means for actuating a reversed fastening. 1205. Fellows, A. Jan. 23. Fastening hames, hook coupling's for. One hame is attached to the hook a} on the piece A, between the sides of which is pivoted the lever C provided with a hook c^ for engaging the strap E to the other end e' of which the other hame is attached. The pivot of the lever C consists of a thumb- screw which may be inserted in any one of a series of holes o- according to the width of the collar. To fasten a pair of hames, the lever C is first placed in a vertical position and after the strap E has been hooked over the ends c^ is then turned into the position shown. 1324. Evans, E. Jan. 25. Muzzles for animals. — The frame of a doo- muzzle may be partially or entirely enclosed in rubber tubing, and in some parts the rubber only may be used. 1337. Burg-on, C, and lHarshall, m. A., [Administratrix of Marshall, E.']. Jan. 25. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to flexible FIC.2. f. FIC.3. <±^ shafts for driving sheep shearing, horse clipping, and other machines. ^ The core consists of links _fZ connected by centre-pieces with pins c, forming together a series of universal joints. In a modification, the links are bent up from a star- shaped piece of sheet metal. 1370. Wolseley, T. V. Jan. 25. Drato- ings to Specification. Horse clippers and the like. — Horse clippers, sheep shears, and the like are formed with holes or notches for the reception of arms on a special holder employed while sharpening them. 1373. Ritchie, J. Jan. 27 Saddles. — To pre- vent the wear of the back part A^ of cart saddles by the friction of the crupper attach- ments B, plates a of metal, hard wood, &c. are secured to the saddle by screws. 1448. Graham, D. Jan. 28. Bridles, blindfolding- attachments for. Blind hoods for horses have the eye shields P formed in a piece with the body of the hood H by a blocking pro- cess. These shields are lined with gutta-percha &c. The throat latch T is elastic, being formed of rubber or a helical spring &c. 1511. Streeten, C. P. Jan. 28. Saddles. — The leaping Fl C.2. head of a lady's saddle is adjustably fixed by a curved frame A provided with flanges a, a, by which it is attached to the saddle-tree. This frame is slotted, as shown, to engage with the flanged end B' of the leaping head, which is secured in place after it has been slid into position by means of a nut B^. 1787. Harries, T. D., and Davis, G-. Feb. 3. Stirrup) straps, sus- pending, safety saddle- bars for. The stirrup strap is attached to the latch F hinged to the forked piece B, which has a curved groove to engage with the projection D, and embraces the stud C. The projection and stud are formed on the base- plate A attached to the saddle - tree. If a fall occurs, the piece B pivots on the stud C until it is freed by thd disengagement of the projection D from the above-mentioned groove. The latch F may also open and free the stirrup strap. Accord- ing to the Provisional Specification the above-men- tioned groove and projection may be replaced by a curved ledge on the plate A, in which the lower end of the piece B slides, and the latch F is replaced by a fixed loop. 1835. Wheeler, H. B. Feb. 4. Stirrups, s&ietj. The tread is formed with curved grooved pieces h, b, adapted to slide upon the lugs a, a, and one end of the tread is hinged to a piece pivoted at d, while the other carries a fork c to engage with a pin c^ on the stirrup leg. If the 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 rider is thrown, the stirrup opens out, as in the Figure. 2007. Garstin, A. Feb. 6. Muzzles for animals. — Dog or other muzzles are wholly or mainly made of one piece of leather, celluloid, &c., cut or stamped out and then bent to shape. In the form shown in Fig. 1 a piece of leather is cut out, which is like a triangle, from the sides, apex, and base of which spring two, three, and four parallel straps respectively. When bent to muzzle shape the triangle a is situated near the nose, the two side straps i^ h pass hori- zontally, the middle strap h of the group of three above mentioned passes over the head, while the other two c, d pass downwards and cross at the throat, and, lastly, of the group of four straps above mentioned, the outer two e, / encircle the jaws, while the inner two run upwards and join at n. Where the straps cross they are riveted &c. together, one passing through the other if pre- ferred. In the form shown in Fig. 5 a reticulated piece of leather &c. is stamped out, and afterwards bent along its median line u and joined below in any similar way. FIG FIG. 2. 2049. Horn, W. W., \_Bates, I. PT.]. Feb. 7. Fastening traces, clothing for animals, &c., hooks and eyes for. A fastening for horse blankets, traces, &c. consists of a hook A, Fig. 1, provided with side hooks c, c, and of an eye B, Fig, 2. The part h of the eye passes over the hook A and the part d^ d passes be- neath the hooks c, c, which thus prevent accidental unfastening. 2196. Ziavender, Gr. Xi. Feb. 11. Saddles, harness. The saddle consists of a metal plate A with flanged edges B, and with holes for the terret rings G and screws H, which secure the pad E. Strips of leather D, F may be placed above and below the plate A as shown. 2403. Williamson, C. Feb. 14. H alter s. — The head strap H of web halters is made adjustable by pass- ing it through a slotted piece C, and fastening it by a buckle h and strap d. 2565. Miller, W. J.f [trading as Owen & Miller]. Feb. 18. Stirrup straps, sus- pending, safety saddle- bars for. To a plate 1 , recessetl at 6, is fixed a bar 2 having a pro- jecting pin 7, upon which hangs a loop 4 for the stirrup leather. The loop leaves the pin when the rider is thrown, but is pre- vented from coming ofE in other cases by a spring 3, the tension of which may be ad- justed by a screw as shown. Fastening stirrup leathers. Consists of an open-ended case containing a bow spring 8, which keeps one of the holes in one part of the strap engaged with the pin 5 on the other part. 2651. Barnett, !•., [Curtis, D.]. Feb. 18. Horse-boots. — Ankle or fetlock boots A, made right and left for different legs, carry round their 22 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. ri890 lower part a bent metal strip covered with leather &c. a, in which there may be holes for a hook // on the broad attaching-strap h. 2686. Sown, W., and Capewell,G. Feb. 19. B FIG. 2. Horse clipjJers and the like. — Relates to improve- ments in the invention described in Specification No. 1107, A.D. 1885, and consists in the use of one or more flat-headed pins or studs, or cone, triangular, or T-st'^'Psd pieces, or their equivalents, in com- bination with one or more convex, globular, seg- mental, or circular-shaped bearing surfaces or their equivalents for diminishing the friction on the cut- ting plate or plates, or on the pressure bar or its equivalent. The Figure shows in a sectional view such antifriction pins C arranged between the cutter plate A and the clamping-bar B. 2884. Hall, K. Feb. 22. I Runaivay horses, releasing ; fastening traces &c. Relates to means for releasing runaway horses and other animals from carriages and other road vehicles. The pole Q as shown, or the shafts of a vehicle, are fitted with a loose cap R, to which the pole-chains &c. S are fixed. The cap is held in place by chains T. The chains T, and also the chains U in the case of pair-horse vehicles, or the traces which may be used in place of them, are passed over pivoted hooks M', M, which are held by catches L', L on the shaft A. This shaft is turned to release the hooks by means of a worm-wheel F and worm on a vertical spindle with a hand-wheel for the driver or by other equivalent mechanism. 3002. Weber, G., and Zachau, A. Feb. 25. Stirrups, safety. The inner bow B is spring hinged to the outer bow A, and both bows are hooked to hold the ends of the detach- able tread C, which is shown on the point of being re- leased. FIC.2 3018. Howard, Feb. 25. J., and G-eddes, J. K. Horse clippers and the Wee. — In apparatus for shearing sheep &c., the comb A is fixed to the casing 0 and the blades B are reciprocated across it by the lever F pivoted to the removable top part D of the casing and actuated by a disc crank, the spindle A of which passes through the handle H^ The pivot pin E has a rounded end so as to form a ball-and-socket joint, and is fixed by a lock nut K in the position which gives the required pressure on the blade. The lubricant is held in the socket by a cap. The rounded crank-pin g works in the fork F^ on the end of the lever F, which is sup- ported upon the casing C by an oscillating sector J slotted for the set-screw j. 3147. Fiek, R. Feb. 27. Stirrups. — The tread a^ is hinged to the legs a^, a^, of which the f or mer is in two parts con- nected by a pin / attached to the curved spring end e^ of the inner bow e pivoted at d. The pressure of the foot on the inner bow causes the leg «• to divide and allow the stirrup to open out and free the foot. 23 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 3607. Beechingr, W. March 6. W- Fastoning^ hooks for. The tongue d of a snap-hook for harness &c. is formed with a disc D which is pivoted to the hook at h and covers a spiral spring fixed to the hook and to the tongue. 3649. Wittkug-el, T. March 7. Runaway horses, releamig ; fastening traces, pole-chains, &c. The splinter bar or other suit- able part of the carriage is provided with four sockets ?;', i", i^, V in which fit sliding bolts d}, d\ f^^ d^, which secure the traces and which are carried by two sliding plates c', c^ attached to curved arms e^, e^ which can be operated by the driver by means of a lever / for forcing the plates c^, c^ outwards, thus withdrawing the bolts and releasing the traces. The collar chains or straps are secured by pins p, p^ on the end of a sliding rod i fitting into sockets in a block q on the end of the pole. The rod i is attached to a sliding piece n in connection with the lever /, so that it is pulled back for releasing the collar chains at the same time that the traces are released. 3709. 3709. Squier, F. W. March 8. Saddles. — The combined saddle-tree and seat A is moulded in papier mache, leather, &c., strengthened, if desired, by metal plates. The saddle thus formed may be left bare or covered with leather &c. ; in the latter case padding may be introduced. Removable flaps B may be attached to this or any other saddle by bolts C. The knee pad F is formed by splitting the solid leather flap B, introducing padding between, and then uniting the edges. (^For DravAng see next column.) 3956. Wolseley, P. V., and Craven, P. P. March 13. Horse clippers and FlG.6 the like. — Relates to flexible shafting which may Jbe used to drive sheep- shearing &c. machines. The shaft- ing consists of a series of rods connected by universal joints. These are composed of a cylindrical shell A having at one end a shoulder and at the other a screwed cap which, with the loose cone C, forms seats for the balls B in which the ends of the rods D are secured. The balls are locked to the cone by means of pins F and grooves E. The shell may be in two parts screwed together, or it may be replaced by caps screwed on the ends of the cone. Each joint may have a single ball only, retained in the shell by a screw plug in which one of the rods is secured. 4278. Clowes, T. March 19. Saddles.— The seats of riding saddles consist of a large flat metal spring A sewn between two thicknesses of leather and attached to the head and cantle so that air may circulate between the seat and the animal's back. This spring plate may be supported on the side bars B by springs as at C or by blocks. Certain leather parts attached to the seat are perforated or cut away to afford venti- lation, and the strap webbing beneath the seat is fastened round the side bars. 24 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS <^c. [1890 4279. Clowes, T. Fastening saddle girths, spring at- tachments for. The girth is attached to the saddle by a spring frame. One form in which spiral springs are employed is shown in the Figure. March 19. Pic 3. T^ 4329. Macdonald, J. March 20. Straps and bands ; dog collars. — Bands for bridle brow-bands, for dog collars, and other purposes, are made of metal so stamped or cut as to give the appearance of chains. One form is shown in the Figure. 4330. Cumming's, W. G-., and Peate, J. March 20. Saddles. — The heads of ladies' saddles are released if a fall occurs by a lever E, which is pivoted at F, and pulled up by a spring G. A cord A connects this lever with a pin C connecting the two hinged halves of the box D, in which the end of the head H is supported. 4568. Freeman, W. March 24. Halters. — The nose- band B and head-band A of an adjustable halter are formed in one piece of plaited string &c., the head - band A passing through the eyes 6-, b^ at the extremities of the noseband, and termina- ting in a rope rein a-, as shown. In a modifica- tion, the noseband only is of plaiting, string, &c., and the rope forming the head separately attached to the ring ¥. ■ band may be 4 5 8 3. Reimann, J., [Administrator of Rcimann, i?.]. March 24. Dog collars and the like. — fic.i. Relates to a fastening for attaching buckles and cross straps to straps. The Figure shows the metal blank for securing a cross-strap. The prongs a are passed through holes in the strap and the other arms are bent round the strap. 4985. Orpwood, W. Ii. March 31. Saddles. — Saddle panels, as shown in underside view in the Figure, are made of one or more layers of felt A (covered with leather), next the saddle- tree, over which is a bed of flock B, covered with leather or prepared canvas C. This covering is continued to form a flap which doubles over the back of the panel, and is secured by buckles D or hooks &G. The padding can thus be easily varied to suit different animals. To ensure ventilation the felt may be corrugated or formed with grooves E, or provided with rubber tubes. Holes K are made through the felt and right through the panel. The sweat flaps are also perforated in the form of letters &c. for ventilation. The leather strips or facings at the edges of the panel terminate level with the bottom of it. 5412. Thompson, W. P., [Wynkoop, J. F.}. April 9. Fastening traces. Each end of the single-tree C is provided with a knob H and a holding-loop E fixed by a bolt. The trace D is placed over the knob and through the loop as shown. FIG.5 25 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. ri890 5498. Sims, C. April 11. Whips, handles for. A number of layers or strips of leather are sewn or glued together and subjected to hydraulic pressure. A metal rod may be passed up the centre of the handle. 5528. Gladstone, E. April 11. Preventing horses from falling. — A rod or rods C carrying a roller D and prolonged to form an arm E are fixed to the shaft or pole of an omnibus, tramcar, cab, van, &c., and support the horse by a girth F attached to the arm E. The Provisional Specification describes a support projecting hori- zontally from the vehicle over the animal's back. 5885. Sample, H. April 18. Training and breah- fic.z ing-in horses and other animals. — Horses and other animals are tamed or subdued before they are sub- jected to surgical operations &c. by fastening them into a stall which is made to rotate on a vertical axis. The stall con- sists of a floor C and hinged sides E, and the horse is suspended therein by a girth Or tightened by a roller H fixed to the uprights D. A similar roller H^ serves to tighten the halter strap, while straps J, I prevent kicking &c. The stall is rotated by gearing K, L'. A gangway to enable the horse to mount the stall is described. 5921. Thomas, ». M., \_Blanks, G. W., Lefehure, B., and Bird, F. J.]. April 18. Eorse clippers and the like. — Relates to sheep-shearing machines. The cutter M is oscillated upon the comb N by the bar L, which is pivoted to the casing B, and may be adjusted by the tension screw IV. In the forked end h of the bar L works the cylindrical head g of the pin /, which fits loosely in the disc K upon the spindle H. This spindle is driven by the spindle P through bevel gearing J, Q, the central bevel-wheel being mounted loosely upon the pin which connects the hemispherical cups D and E to form a hinged joint. The flexible shaft S is secured to the spindle P by a nut R and a split taper bolt e*'', or the shaft S may be similarly secured to the spindle H. Water is made to circulate beneath the casing B, and between the casings A and C to keep the parts cool. 5935. Thlrlon, A. April 18. Sjmrs and spiur-carriers. — The spur, Fig. 1, has arms c embracing the boot heel X and has a tongue d and spring /, which fit into a spur- carrier h screwed into the heel. When the spur is not in use the hole may be closed by a plate i, Fig. 8, with spring tongues j, or by a mud guard. Fig. 6, which is fixed like the spur. The hole is bored in the heel by a boring-bit which passes centrally through a UrshapeA frame carrying set- screws to adjust it to the heel. The hole is 26 1890] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HAKNESS &c. [1890 afterwards tapped for the spur-carrier h, Fig. 1. A key, Fig. 14, is provided with a square recess for ri c G. F1C.8 turning the boring-bit and set-screws, and a square pin r^ at one end of the cross handle for inserting the spur-carrier. April 29. 6539. King-, J. T., ISugden, E. J.]. Drawings to Specification. Tohes, nech. — Neck-yoke irons are made of metal bars of various sections (preferably flanged), rolled, forged, or cast, and tapering from the middle to the ends, which latter are formed into hooks or eyes or are suitably shaped for attachment of the harness. 6767. Kewetson, W. May 2. Muzzles for animals. — A muzzle for preventing calves from sucking consists of a leather-covered ring A with two wires B and C on which the wire D is wound. The appliance is secured in position by a strap Gr. 6807. IHlddlemore, T., [trading as Wm. Middlemore]. May 2. Yokes, neck. — A yoke or pole support for car- riages consists of a tubular metallic bar d pre- ferably tapering from an elliptic form at its centre to a circular form at its ends. Lugs p, k, I for attachment of the straps are shrunk or brazed on. The bar is secured to the pole by a strap m and to the horses' necks by straps g. Curricle bars are constructed in a similar way from metallic tubular bars preferably of varying cross-section, hooks and eyes or equivalent fastenings being shrunk or brazed on. 6843. Wood, E. E. May 3. Whips. — Relates to a combined match box and walking - stick, whip, or other handle. The Figure shows a stick with cham- ber a, for matches, with a hinged cover b. A sliding or other lid may be used, or the chamber may open at the bent end of the handle, or be formed vertically in the stick &c. FIC.I. 6962. Ashberry, P., and Barnes, W. May 6. Horse clippers and the like. — In clippers for sheep and other animals the comb C is fixed by screws E passing through open-ended slots therein, and the cutter D is reciprocated upon it by a bar I, which is attached to the arm K, its pressure on the cutter being regulated by the screw L. The arm K is pivoted between collars M, N on the screw Q fixed to the casing B, ball bearings being disposed between the arm and the collars. The arm is actuated by the fork S, the rear end of which is socketed for the spherical crank-pin on the disc T driven by a flexible shaft. In a modification, the 27 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 bar I is pivoted at its middle to the arm K, and the screw L acts upon the rear end of it. The Provisional Specification describes a clipper in which the arm K is secured directly to the cutter D. Figf. 4 shows a universal joint for connecting the clipper to the flexible shaft. The socket X is screwed to the spindle of the clipper, and carries balls Y which turn in hemispherical sockets and run in a groove Z in the spherical head W of the part which is firmly secured to the driving-shaft. 7241. nXossop, J. A. May 9. Ho7-se clippers and the like. — Clippers for the hair of animals &c. are driven by an electric motor through suitable gearing. In Fig. 1 the spindle D of the motor C carries a worm E engaging a worm- wheel on the shaft G, which has a crank J for the connecting-rod K actuating the movable cutter B. In Fig. 3, the upper cutter 2 is actuated by the crank 7 on the spindle 3 of the handle 6. Means are described for driving several clippers by flexible shafts in connection with an overhead shaft carry- ing several bevel-wheels, the latter shaft being driven by an electric motor. B 3 7632. P.P. 632. Wolseley, F. V., and Craven, May 16. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to flexible shafting for sheep-shearing, drilling, &c. machines. A series of barrel-shaped blocks B, B are connected by pins D, D loosely fitting in holes in their ends, which are preferably convex. The blocks may be enclosed in a shield A, and may be connected by a wire or wire rope G. 7986. Boult, A. J., [Muller, E. W., and Friedl, J.]. May 22. Horse-hoots ; inter- fering rings and the A lik e. — B a n d s or /^ straps for prevent- ing injury to the foot or leg of a horse are made of rubber shaped in yy " (^ moulds cast directly from the leg &c. The pads are perf o- W © *^ O © O rated and vulcan- ized, and are lined with leather and have fixing- straps attached to them. ^O O 8017. Wolseley, P. V. May 22. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to a uni- versal joint for the spindles of sheep-shearing machines &c. The shafts a, h are connected by toothed wheels c, c' and rotate in the sleeves d, e, which are jointed together at /on a line tangential to the pitch circle of the wheels, h and i are leather shields. 28 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 8078. Martin, A. May 23. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to spring plates and washers for hair clippers &c. The upper plate c is pressed upon the lower plate b by a spring arm a or by a washer. The spring arm a is pressed down by the nut d, and carries the guide-pin p. There may be a pair of arms a, through which passes a pin fixed to the lower plate. A spring washer of (J form may be used between the upper plate c and a nut on the pin p. A washer of felt ^c. soaked in oil, is used with these spring plates or washers for lubricating purposes. FIC6. O/ 8188. Allison, K. J., May 27. Halters; dog leashes. ^Relates to attachments for halter chains, kennel chains, &c. The cross-bar 2 is stamped from sheet metal in the form shown, and is split at 4. The split ends are separated to allow the in- sertion of the chain link as in Fig. 2, after which they are closed up. The loop 5 for the bar is made with eyes 6, each em- bracing one side of the link. [Bridgeport Chain Co.l. 8650. Butlin, C. K. June 4. nc I Bits. — To enable the severity of the bit to be increased by strongly pulling the single pair of driving-reins C\ they are secured to levers J pivoted at K to the cheeks E, and controlled by springs A which carry rollers G running on the levers, and are attached to arms B fixed to the cheeks. On pulling the reins to overcome the springs A, the levers J turn on their pivots, and so increase the leverage on the bit. In a modifi- cation, the springs A are replaced by bars or chains &c., and the arms B are hinged to the cheeks, suitable springs being arranged to urge them normally to take a horizontal position. 9173. Karding-ham, G-. G. TtL., [Silver's Patent Sheepshearing Machine and Flexible Shaft Co.}. June 18. Amended. FIC I Horse clippers and the Wee. — Relates to improve- ments on the wool or hair clippers and sheep- shearing apparatus described in Specification No. 17,270, A.D. 1889. Instead of supporting, by means of a roller, the end A' of the oscillating lever A, which works the cutter blade a, the arm A^ is supported by a pin F with a small spherical head fitting into a socket, and a curved base bearing against the flat bottom of a steel dish. 9761. Poole, J. E. June 24. Horse - boots. — Relates f^ to leg supports for keeping down varicose veins, for use by athletes and horses. One form consists of a piece a of rigid or semi-rigid material, such as leather, papier mache, thin wood, or vulcanite, which is shaped to the leg, and a second piece b of elastic material. The two parts are connected by fastenings c of any suitable form, and may be ventilated in any desired manner. The rigid part a may consist of a local 29 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. ri890 pressure pad, or of a series of strips. The elastic part h may be replaced by plain fabric, or dis- pensed with altogether. In the latter case, the rigid part is provided with yielding fastenings. A knee-cap d and brush pad e may be attached. 10,132. Barnes, J. E. !■., [Thomas, H. G.]. July 1. Comb s. — The comb or scraper is for re- moving the loose hair from the animal's coat. It consists of a finely- serrated blade A fixed to a handle B as shown. 10,141. IHacaulay - Cruikshank, [Hurley, J. S.]. July 1. Tugs, shaft ; fa stening shaft-tugs. The tug is in the form of a snap-hook with the tongue h and body part a hinged at c to the buckle m. The tongue h carries the pivoted thumb catch e, the end of which is forced inwards to engage a slot in the body a by means of a spring h. The slot and the end of the catch are so inclined that pressure on the part h caused by the shaft will not open the tug accidentally. G., FIG. I. 10,445. Bayly, J. P., [Burton, J., Roach, E., MacNair, R., MacNair, W. P., and Lanning, C]. July 5. Goads. — Relates to an electric prod pole for animals. The end of the pole consists of two metal points embedded in an insulatmg-material and connected respectively to the two poles of an electric apparatus. Two forms are described, having respectively a galvano - electric and a dynamo-electric apparatus. Fig. 1 shows the pole A with points P, P' connected electrically to the poles of a battery B held by a cap C in a chamber formed by a tube D secured on the end of the pole A ; a coil E is formed in the wire W attached to the positive pole. Fig. 2 shows the pole A with wires W, W^ leading from the commutator of the dynamo N, S. The armature S" is mounted on a rotary shaft S^ operated by two ratchet-wheels F, F' connected by spur gearing actuated by screws d, d^ attached to a movable cap on a sliding end piece. The said piece is depressed by hand and rait^ed by a spring T. The two sets of ratchet gearing are arranged to give a continuous rotation to the armature. 10,605. Court, £. J. July 8. Horse clippers and the like. — The two pivoted parts of shears or clippers are pressed to- gether to ensure better working by an arched spring A which is fitted with a slot B engaging under the head D of the pivot pin. 10,612. Bown, W., and Capewell, G. July 9. Horse clippers and the like. — Clippers for hair, wool, &c., which are actuated by a continuously- rotating flexible shaft, are fitted with a clutch or like device for stopping the cutting-mechanism while the shaft continues to rotate. The Figure shows one form of clutch, in which a toothed sleeve F is slid towards or from the toothed shoulder G of the driving-shaft by the bent lever H pivoted at h. The sliding sleeve may be operated by a spring and freed by the handle H. 30 1890] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 10,828. Burg-on, C. July 12. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to apparatus for clipping or shearing sheep &c. The cutter carrier e is pivoted at g and a T-shaped piece c which is itself pivoted at d to the casing and is adjusted by a screw cam or lever &c. The cutter carrier is reciprocated by a crank which carries a ball or sliding block i embraced by the forked end of the carrier. The flexible shaft described in Specification No. 1337, A.D. 1890, is used to drive this apparatus. 10,834. Bayly, J. P., [Ormsby, /.]. July 12. Fastening breeching. A breeching fastening or " hold - back " for vehicle shafts consists of a piece of metal B bent partly round the shaft A and having its lower end flattened to form flaps which are screwed to the bottom of the shaft. The fastening thus forms a kind of hook, the breeching strap being passed over the point b. 11,524. Bayly, J. P., [Hague, L., and Bolles, W.]. July 23. FIG. I Training horses / horse - boots ; horse - training saddlery. — The object is to train horses to step properly and to avoid travelling too closely behind. An elastic arm E is secured at right - angles to the horse-boot A, a pad B being provided on the side next the arm. The arm may be of solid rubber &c., or consist of a spiral spring enclosed in a jacket of rubber or leather &c. A knob F is secured at the end of the arm. 11,568. Close, F. A. July 24. n Saddles. — A saddle for draught and other horses consists of a curved metal plate B through which the wooden part C (of rectangular form in plan) projects as shown. The panels H, I are of metal, or of two metals such as steel and zinc with a layer of felt between if desired. The metal may be per- forated for ventilation, and may be covered with leather &c., as at I. These panels are adjustably attached by helical springs D to bars F on the part C. A metal nose-piece K is attached to this im- proved saddle, or to ordinary saddles. The crupper is attached to a roller on the end of a long staple. No stitching is used in this saddle, the parts being fastened by bolts and nuts &g. 11,744. Cabana, O. July 26. FIG.l. 1 1 ^ III IS' 'U EEDl mnu r- ■ H F^ I'll . ij iy///////y//jm^sAmMmi Fastening straps &c., staples for. Harness and other straps are fastened or mended by staples instead of stitching. The staples, preferably arranged as shown in Fig. 1, are passed through the straps and clinched as shown in Fig. 3. 11,872. Blyth, P. J. July 29. Horse clippers and the like. — The serrated cutters D, D^ of horse and like clippers are pressed together by bolts F fixed to the lower plate and passing through slots in the upper plate and through holes in the boxes B, and by nuts C bearing upon these boxes. The boxes B are recessed beneath to receive antifriction rollers A which are free to run to and fro in the recesses. 31 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 lly957> ItKcXLenny, J. July 31. Drawings to Specification. Saddles. — Rings are attached to the front of a riding saddle to serve as a guide to the reins 12,236. Ziehmann^ C. K. Aug. 5. Collars, neck; fastening collars and hames, couplings for. The collar for draught horses consists of an outer part A of wood, or of several thicknesses of leather strengthened by a metal lining to which is secured by buckles &c. A* an inner pad E, thus giving access to the pad for adjusting the stuffing. The collar is divided at one end and fastened by the staple A^ and straps A^, A^ The hames are fixed by bolts or straps &c. to the outer part A, and are made in two parts and joined by a bolt B' fitting into a socket. The trace hook C is adjustably fixed by the bolt C between any two adjacent eyes B^. Blocks D against which the trace hooks rest serve to keep the traces from the animal's side. 12,904. Elliott, F. Aug. 16. Horse - hoots. — A pad made of rubber &c. covers the back of the hoof as shown. Injury to the legs and flanks while the horse is lying down is thus pre- vented. 13,096. Bayly, J. P., [Raferty, J.]. Aug. 20. Bridles. — An ad- justable bridle is combined w i t h a check rein, which may be variously arranged. The crown strap A is divided at a on each side into the strap B forming the t h r o a t-latch and the strap C which, after passing through hook clamps H to secure it to the bit, is con- tinued to form the check rein E, the rein on each side afterwards uniting to form the single rein F provided with a loop / for the usual hook. When arranged as an over- draw check rein the straps D, D', E, E^ are con- nected together at J, and pass through fastenings K on the crown strap. "When arranged as a side check rein these straps are removed from their fastenings J, K, the clasps H are reversed, and the straps are then passed through the snap-hooks m arranged at the ends of a brow band G-. The fastening H consists of a double hook with two trough-shaped arms for enclosing the strap C. The arms are clasped together by nuts H^. 13,778. Sayle, R. G. Sept. 2. Tail ties.— A clasp for holding animals' tails consists of two rectangular wire frames B, B hinged to a third frame A and provided with hooked plates C, C for hooking to the same. 14,633. Xng-lefield, E. F. Sept. 16. Fastening straps, hooks and nc.i eyes for. An eye A of any suitable form is fixed or swivelled to a hook C having pointed jaws B to enable two such hooks to be readily coupled when the jaws are held at right angles to each other. The invention is stated to be applicable for joining harness straps IC.2^ 32 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &. [1890 15,011. Clark, A. M., [Middletou, J. W.]. Sept. 23. Whips. — The thong b is attached to the handle C by forming the latter hollow throughout or at the end only, as shown, and pulling the thong through the entire handle or through an opening in the side, as shown, until its enlarged end becomes wedged into the end of the handle. 15,290. Weehes, J., Hobson, W., and Robson, T. Sept. 27. Fasten i n g pole- chains &c., draw-bolts and hooks for. Hooks are locked by a sliding spring bolt which may be operated by hand or by a key &c. Fig. 1 shows an underside view of a carriage pole cap B, fitted with a bolt D, for locking the hooks C, C. The bolt is pressed downwards by a coiled spring, so that the projection D^ snaps into the hole B^ in the cap when in the position shown. To unlock the bolt it must be raised until the pro- jection clears the hole B* and then slid laterally. The hook and bolt may be so bevelled that the pole-chain is automatically released if the horse falls. For locking a single hook the bolt may be made to lift like a latch. 15,458. Thompson, W. C. (?.]. Sept. 30. Fastening, hooks for. Snap - hooks for harness &c. are made with a tongue B of strip steel &c. coiled round the fixed pin C. A P., [Limdborg, FIC.I. recess a^ receives the tongue if pressed back to its limit. 15,558. Marshall, J. B. April 12, [date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents &g. Act, A.D. 1883]. Fastening traces, clips and eyes for. Relates to swivel fastenings for traces. The link D^ is swivelled by the pin d to the frame D which carries lugs C, between which is pivoted the clip A embracing the trace. FJC.3i 15,700. Govan, A. A. Oct. 4. Bits. — The rein loop B is free to slide on the curved cheek A, but is held normally against the spring case G by the spring C. 15,879. Blackford, E. O., and Stoug-hton, H. Zl. Oct. 7. Saddles, cart. The saddle, specially adapted for animals with sore backs, consists of two parallel saddle-trees united by a plate C, plates D, and by the spindles of a series of rollers b ; other rollers a are arranged in pairs in recesses in the trees. The backhand E passes over the rollers b and between the pairs of rollers a. Pads B are adjustably attached by bolts and thumb-nuts e to the slotted plates D. The girth H may be attached as shown, and the backhand may consist of alternate lengths of strap and chain. Coverings to protect the animal from rain &c. may be attached to the front and rear of the saddle, being rolled up when not in use. P 13663 33 IS90] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 15,935. Wil- liams, D . Oct. 8. Stopping and con- trolling runaioay horses. — Runaway horses are con- trolled by a noose A, which passes round the animal's neck, and is con- nected to the crown strap of the bridle by the strap B. The uoose is released by a strap C. 16,029. Sown, W., and Capewell, G-. Oct. 9. Horse clippers and the like. — Fig. I shows one form of hair &c. clipper in which the lever A is slotted for the hinged piece C fitting the stud D on the crank of the motive shaft E. The other end of the lever A is formed with a clip F, which connects it to the pressure bar G. This bar bears at one end upon the cutting-plate H, and moves it to and fro across the comb I, and bears at the other end upon a pivot h on the lever A. Antifriction balls c may be arranged beneath the lever A, The pressure on the cutter is effected by a nut K, with lock nut L, bearing upon the oscillator J, described in Specifi- cation No. 1107, A.D. 1885. The head of the oscillator bears on the spring M, which is supported upon the pivot a and upon the bar G. The pivot a may be enclosed in a loose sleeve h to take the wear. In a modification, the pin D engages directly in the slot in the lever A, and the spring M is dis- pensed with, the oscillator J bearing directly on the bar G. In another modification, the oscillator J is replaced by a ball, and the inner end of the bar G bears upon the end of a L-shaped piece pivoted within the pivot a. Many of the joints and connections may be reversed or be replaced by their mechanical equivalents. 16,194. Oct. 11. Blackie, P., and Nisbet, J. Horse clippers and the liJce. — Relates to cams for converting rotary into reciprocating motion and vice versd, applicable in sheep-shearing machines. The hollow star-shaped cam C is mounted on a rotating shaft A and engages the piece D formed PEC.2.Z? FIC.3. on the end of the lever B, which is pivoted at B^ The number of rays in the cam depends upon the number of reciprocations required for each rotation of the shaft. The method of drawing the curves is described. 16,195. Blackie, P., and Nisbet, J. Oct. 11. FIC.I. /--^^l Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to sheep- shearing machines. Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of one form of the machine. The cutter E is reciprocated over the comb D by the lever C"* pivoted at A^ and actuated by the lever 0, its pressure on the comb being obtained by the hinged spring plate A' bearing on the roller C-\ The lever G is pivoted at A*, and actuated from the shaft B through special mechanism which is de- scribed in Specification No. 16,194, A.D. 1890. The tension of the spring A^ is regulated by the nut A^ which bears on the pin A^ and is prevented from shaking loose by the spring pawl A^. The upper face of the comb plate is slightly concave, and the cutter is curved to fit it. In another form, the lever C is pivoted in rear of the lever C* and its forked end engages the rear instead of the front arm of the lever. The pressure on the lever C* is given directly by a nut which bears on a flexible packing. 17,016. Cole, W. Oct. 24. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to a motor of the oscillating-vane type, and intended mainly for obtaining an oscillating or reciprocating motion in sheep shears, horse clippers, and the like. The invention is illustrated as applied to sheep shears. The piston or vane i works in a sector - shaped chamber g, and is mounted on a rocking shaft j 34 1890J ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 from -which by a suitable lever con- nection motion is communicated t o the working cutter. At the rear end of the working cham- ber is a sector- shaped distri- buting - valve in to which motion is given by tappets 7i projecting from the piston boss o. The fluid - supply valve is opened by a lever t, which is adapted to be acted on by the forefinger of the operator in op- position to a spring s, whereby the valve is closed on the release of the lever. This device is ar- ranged so that when the valve is open very little strain is thrown on the finger. There are also arranged, in combination with the lever i, means for preventing the piston from stop- ping at a dead point. FIG. I. 17,174. Lee, Xi. S. May 1, \date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents (&c. Act, A.D. 1883]. Interfering rings and the lihe. — A projection consist- ing of a strap D, on which are threaded a number of rubber &c. balls E, is attached to the leg of the horse by a padded buckle strap. 17,359. Offord, T. Oct. 30. Elbow pads for horses. To prevent injury to the elbow by the fore feet of the horse when it is lying down, a pad A is suspended by straps B, C from the breast strap D held in place by the girth E. P 13663 17,527. McXLellen, S. D. Nov. 1. Whips. — The tele- scopic parts of whip handles are fastened by a catch d on the outer part which en- gages with teeth &' on the inner part. Both parts are further se- cured by a clasp or guide-ring c. In the case of tubes, the outer tube, if not elastic, is provided with a slot for the catch to pass through. 17,535. XMCallet, T. C. Nov. 1. Whip sockets. — The object is to enable a whip socket to turn when the whip sup- ported by it is struck in any way, and thus to prevent the whip from being injured. The socket is held in the ring a on the end of the tube b to which the cam c is fixed. When the socket is turned, the cam runs up the sides of the second cam d, and compresses the spring e on the bolt/, which is fixed to the base -plate g. The socket is afterwards automatically returned to its upright position. Other spring arrangements may be used. 17,632. Boult, A. J., kinson, J. H.]. Nov. 3. Collars, neck. — The upper portion B of the collar A is made flexible and one part overlaps the other, to which it is ad- justably bolted by a bolt fixed to the pad D and a nut C which holds the horn F and covering- plate E. The bottom of the collar is hinged, one side of the hinge H being adjustably bolted at G as shown. llrvine, W., and Par- 17,749. Ashford, C. Nov. 5 (? ric.2 ^CZlXS Whips. — The thong G is connected to the usual stock A by steel or other wires B, B of different lengths, the thong being bound or plaited thereto. The wires are bound in grooves in the stock, or are 85 C 2 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 secured by a collar F, into a recess 0 or through holes in which the ends project. The wires may be maintained at their proper distance by connect- ing plates or bows. The wires may be plaited or separately bound with leather &c. ; leather may also be bound round the bundle of wires. In driving-crops the wire itselt may form the loop for the thong, or the usual loop may be plaited to the wires. A piece of whalebone may be bound between the wires to form the centre of the thong. 17,877. Nov. 6. G-ardner, H., \_Bretonneau, A. LJ]. Nosebags. — The lower part of the bag a is fitted with a coiled spring b, which tends to con- tract to make the coils come close to- gether. By this means the food is kept up to the level of the animal's mouth. Ventila- tion is ensured by a perforated pleat c maintained by a cross-strap c^. 17,907. Pen- dlebury, E. B., and Xlotli- welljP. Nov. 7. Tugs, shaft. — A replaceable metal lining b is provided to lessen the wear. 18,039. Kipling-, S. Nov. 10. Fastening pole- chains, shackles for. Fig. \ shows the pole- head in plan. A metal fitting A secured to the end of the pole is formed with two sockets for receiving the shanks of the two arms F which are pro- rided at their ends with shackles H for receiving the chains or straps by which the horses are attached. The arms are not rigidly attached to the sockets but can rotate therein through a certain angle, so that if a horse falls they can swivel downwards. The length of the shaft is also re- duced so that its end is clear of the horse's head. 13,529. Edwards, E., [Mehnert, R., and Lutzmarm, F.]. Nov. 17. Tugs, shaft. — The tug consists of a ring C on a bracket D. The ring is capable of being opened at the top ; in the form shown the main part of the ring is hollow to receive the other part, which slides within it against the action of a spiral spring. In a modification, the upper part of the ring is hinged and urged open by a spring, a suitable spring catch holding the ring closed. The back-band B passes through the bracket D, and is held in place by a roller F, and by a hook G pivoted at E and catching in one of the holes of the strap. 18,586. Keys, W. Nov. 18. K nee- c ap s . — Knee-caps for animals are made with one or more hollow india-rubber pads B, B secured by a strap or straps prevented from contact with the animal's leg by a double tube M^. E., [Martinot, F."]. 18,911. Arnold, J. Nov. 21. Hobbles; slings, lifting anci^ like; fastening. — Hobbles for casting animals, bandages, slings, and other veterinary articles are made of a material consisting of woven horse-hair fabric or the like, stitched &c. to a backing of leather. Fig. 3 shows 36 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [18d6 a hobble of this material arranged as shown and provided with a fastening consisting of a stud D^ pivoted to a plate secured to the strap at the back and provided with an oblong &c. head to enter the keyhole or other slots in the end of the strap. 18,987. Chalmers, W. B. Nov. 22. Dmw- inga to Specification. Foothold mats for roads. — Foothold is given to animals to enable them to rise if fallen, or to start on slippery roads, by means of a net of rope or leather Szc. provided with rings at the corners to enable it to be drawn under the animal. Additional tufts or knotted pieces may be attached to the meshes of the net. 19,042. Roberts, W. Nov. 24. Saddles. — Ladies' saddles are fitted with a roller on the top of one or both crutches to prevent the habit from catching. 19,127. J. J., Blackburn, C. *▼ ., .r tind Cofiman, B. S. Nov. 25, W., Patton, Fastening traces, hooks for. Relates to a hook for whipple-trees and the like. The hook a is formed on the end of a frame A, which surrounds a plate B formed with a tongue h which closes the hook as shown. The frame A is pivoted to the plate B by pins C, and the ferrule D on the end of the whipple-tree. In the position shown, the frame A cannot turn on its pivots C, it being held by a catch (not shown) on the ferrule D. By turning the plate B on its pivot, through a certain angle, the catch is dis- engaged and the frame A can be turned on its pivots for opening the hook. 19,703. Steinbach, A. R. Dec. 3. Muzzles for an i mal s. — The muzzle consists of two longitudinal loops a, d, con- nected by the straps /' and the loops c, c and c', which latter are also joined to the strap e beneath the jaw. fiC 2 Straps g for buckling are jointed to the straps a ana c. A broad strap h rests on the nose. 19,799. Bielefeld, J. JUL. Dec. 4. Nose bag s. — The nosebag is made wholly or in part of canvas, cork, leather, or metal, &G., and has preferably the same shape as the animal's head , as shown. There is a central compartment B and two side com- partments 0 which communicate with it by slits A, A, through which the food passes as it is consumed. The bottom of the bag may be removable. 19,837. Karvey, IH., Harvey, A., and Karvey, P., [trading as Matthew Harvey & Co.], and Nevill, W. Dec. 5. Lassos ; collars, nech ; saddles. — Lasso and other rings, buckles, and har- ness terrets are made of iron or steel &g. covered with sheet brass or other ductile metal or alloy. For rings a sheet-metal blank is stamped to the form shown in Fig. 3, and then to the form shown in Fig. 4, the interior c and the flange e being afterwards cut out. The ring or buckle frame is then placed iu the cavity, and the sheet metal is closed over. » — C^ nc3 7^ ric 4 J\. .. ^\i: 20,066. miles, J. T. Dec. 9. Saddles. — The knee and thigh pads A and B re- spectively are made by suitably splitting the single piece of leather forming the flap, intro- ducing the stuffing, and then sewing &c. the edges of the leather together. The same method may be applied to the raised part C of the skirts f I C I. 20,194. Thompson, W. Dec. 10. P., [See, d Bridles; rein-liolers. — Relates to wagons for parcels and small articles. The ordinary reins 12, as well as the hitching-reins 13, are supported on a rein-holder JO near the centre of the wagon body, and the hitching-rein passes downwards through 37 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 the body and is attached to a weight 14 which, when lowered as shown, holds the rein 13 in tension. In starting the vehicle the weight 14 is automatically raised by means of hooks 25 on the wheel spokes engaging a ring on the end of a strap 15 attached to the weight. The weight, when raised, is held up by a clutch operated by the driver bv means of a rod 22 with handle 23. 20,500. Davies Dec. 16. Stopping runaioay horses. — The reins h are attached by a hook g to a roller a held by supports c. c to the driver's seat, and provided with a handle b, by which the driver can wind up the reins and restrain the animal. A pawl d and ratchet-wheel / prevent the roller from running back. , J., and Atkinson, J. 20,556. Simpson, H. J. Dec. 17. Fastening ; dog leashes. — Re- lates to fastenings consisting essentially of a bar with a hook or bent finger at one or both ends and capable of being turned on its axis to facilitate engage- ment or disengagement of the hooks &c. Fig. 7 shows a form of fastening applicable to straps. One part A carries in links b a bar a provided with a handle c and with hooks a^ at the ends to engage with eyes d fixed to the other part B. On rotating the bar a by the handle c, the eyes d become free. The apparatus, with suitable modifications, is stated to be applic- able for securing traces and whipple-trees, and for other harness attachments for vehicles ; it is applicable also to dog leashes. 20,579. F. K. Dolman, Dec. 17. Stirrups. — The tread a, provided with open- ings b or otherwise, is entirely covered with india-rubber moulded upon it, the labour of keeping the tread bright being thus dis- pensed with. The bow e is hinged at d, d. 20,691. Kenrick, B.. J., and Scilley, W. Dec. 18. ric.( Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle- bars for. The stirrup leather F is suspended from a bar A, which is pivoted to the bracket B and held up at the end by a loop C, also pivoted to the bracket B, which is fixed to the saddle-tree. A spring D bears on the flat end of the loop C. If the rider falls, the stirrup leather presses back the loop 0 and frees the bar A, thus enabling the stirrup leather to slide off. 20,724. Averill, C. H. Dec. 19. Bridles', dog leaders and collars. — Relates to machinery for manufacturing circular leather driving-reins, dog slips and collars, &c. The leather strips are placed between longitudinally- corrugated curved plates E, F, E^, F', and a rubbing motion is produced by causing either the upper plate alone or both the upper and lower plates to oscillate by means of eccentrically-actuated rods D, D". Springs G, G^ may be employed with either the upper or lower surfaces. Fig. 2 shows one driving-shaft with eccentrics or cranks, but when both surfaces move a second shaft is employed, the two shafts being geared together. 38 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1890 20,733. Tate, J. Dec. 19. Bridles ; martnigaUs. — The rein a for riding or driving is carried through rollers b on the bit and noseband and is fixed in various ways. Fig. 3 shows the rein carried through a loop e on the martingale and a loop / on the saddle and held by the bearing-rein hook c. The rein may pass directly from the bit to the hook c or to a ring on the saddle without passing through the martingale ring. In another arrangement, the rein itself forms the martingale and is secured to the saddle girth. Fir,.3. 20,837. Chandler, A. Dec. 20. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to machines for cutting grass on lawns, and for shearing or clipping animals. Fig. 3 shows the machine adapted as a lawn-mower. The frame B carries a number of knives C, and also a dovetailed pro- jection, which serves as a guide for the reciprocating cutter plate D. The plate D is fitted with arm? -^ carrying rollers K, which run on the cam surfaces L of a twin cam roller M, which may be grooved or roughened to enable it to better grip the ground. The machine may be steadied by an adjustable roller P at the rear or by rollers in front. A grass- collecting tray open at one side is fitted on the reciprocating plate D, and delivers all the cut grass at one side of the machine. The handle socket Q is fitted with adjusting-screws R. The machine is made in a smaller size for shearing and clipping animals. 20,870. Bartz, E. Dec. 22. Stopping runavmy horses. — A rope d attached to each side of the bit, collar, or breast strap is at- tached at its rear end to a drum formed on one part of a friction cone clutch, the other part of which is fixed to the wheel so as to rotate there- with. This clutch can be thrown into gear by the occupant by means of a lever I, or by the driver on his box, and will wind up the rope d^ thus pulling in the horse. 21,081. Buckles, D. D. Dec. 27. Collars^! neck. — FTorse- collar pads, to prevent the neck from becoming sore where the tongue of a wagon or plough is used, are made in a single piece, with a central hole to admit air. The pad proper A is secured to the metal plate B, which has a bridge D provided with a loop Gr on its under side for the collar strap to pass through, and a loop &c. E on its top for the hame strap to catch in. 21,146. Allison, Dec. 29. K. J. \_Turney, C.]. Bridles, blinkers for. Where blinkers are usually employed a spring pad B, Fig. 2, is fixed to the inner side. This pad is released when it is desired to quiet the animal by pulling the cord E, and 39 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 thus withdrawing the pin D from a loop attached tu the pad and passing freely through the blinker. Where blinkers are not usually employed a spring FIC flap B, Fig. fijis hinged to the cheek strap, a spring catch M operated by the cord E being arranged to hold the flap normally back. 21,223. Meyer, G. Dec. 30. Bits. — The joint between the mouth- bar and the cheeks is made at some distance from the animal's mouth, so as to prevent injury to the latter. The mouth-bar a is formed with "T ends c, the lower arms ot which are preferably longer than the upper. These arms are either solid or tubular, and have curved cheeks d pivoted at the ends of them. Straight cheeks may be similarly pivoted to the tubular- ended mouth-bar. 21,293. Kuntoon, W. W., and Perkins, A. r. July 19, [date claimed undei- Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, A.D. 1883']. Neck x>okes. — The poke consists of rigid rods or bars C, united at their ends by two neck straps A, B, the front strap being smaller than the other. There may be pads a', b\ as shown, and an elastic strap x for securing the device to a girth. A.D. 1891. 98. Meyer, A. J. Jan. 2. Saddles. — Relates to air or water cushions for velocipede and riding saddles, shown as applied to a velocipede saddle. An india-rubber bag, provided with an oritice (closed by the plug a^) for inflating with air or water, is enclosed within a similarly - shaped cover I formed of leather or other material. Ventilating-openings c, c' are formed through the bag and cover. The cover is secured to the saddle by means of eyelet holes and laces e. The opening in the cover through which the bag is introduced may be closed by lacing or other 233. Schaefer, A. J. Jan. 6. Preventing horses from falling ; controlling run- away and restive horses. — A strong pole A projects from the front of the vehicle above the horse, and has attached to it chains D the ends of which are fixed to the harness so as to support the horse if he falls. The fro .t portion of the pole A is hinged as at H, and to it is attached a rope or additional rein G so that the driver, by pulling this rein, can lift the fore part of the horse from the ground, and can thus control a runaway or restive animal. 40 1891] ABKIDGMENT CLASSf HARNESS e^c. [1891 The Specification illustrates the application of the invention to hansom cabs, vans, sledges, &c. FIG 3. 270. Atkinson, G-. B., [Atkinson, F. F.'\. Jan. 6. Nosebags. — The object is to prevent the food from being wasted by the animal tossing the bag. The bag A of canvas &c. is attached to a wire ring a provided with eyes c^, to which the cords or chains c are secured, and a plate a\ to which the arms B are pivoted. When the bag is in use the ends of the chains and arms are secured to the hames as shown. 338. Hook, E. Jan. 7. Horse clijJj^ers. — The knife plate b^ on the arm b slides over the comb plate c^ on the arm c, the arms b and c being hinged to- gether at a, and pressed apart by the spring/ on the rod g fixed to the comb plate. The clippers are operated by hand, like the ordinary sheep shears. 399. Matthews, W. H. Jan. 9. C Fastening bridles, shaft-tugs, breeching, traces, &G., hooks for. One or more hooks a, of substan- tially the shape shown, are attached to a base-plate d which may be formed with loops in any position for attaching straps to it. The plate is stitched, riveted, or screwed &c. to the strap carrying it. 953. Bog-le, A. K. Jan. 19. Saddles. — Relates to improvements in and con- nected with cavalry and other saddles for securely carrying machine guns, ammunition, &c., even when the animal is moving rapidly. The saddle pads A are secured to the side bars A' united by the arches B which are provided with hooks c for the arms / for carrying the load and with bearings d for these arms. The two arms / on each side of the animal are connected by a horizontal bar / ^ and a girth g unites these two bars. A strap h may be provided for securing the load to the carriers e. The improvements may be adapted to ordinary native camel saddles by dispensing with the arches B and fixing the hooks c and bearings d in any suitable way. The arms / are made long so that the load may be secured without making the camel sit down. An ammunition frame is described in which the ammunition boxes are separately strapped to vertical bars and the whole is fixed to two arms such as /. 1026. Reynolds, W. K-. Jan. 20. Fastening ; traces. — The shank of the hook or link d for lessening the strain on draught harness 41 1891] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 consists of rods a, a' of quadrant or other section which slide upon one another, compressing the spiral spring c between the washers b, b^ carried at their ends. 1591. Horn, W. W., Dickee, £).]. Jan. 28. FIC I \_Halfpenny, J. D., and Bits. — A gag for holding open the mouth of a horse or other animal to facilitate the administra- tion of medicines or for other purposes, and also capable of being used as a bridle bit, consists of a pair of mouth-bars A, one of which is 6xed to the vertical rods B, while the other is movable thereon and capable of being fixed in any position by thumb- screws b. The bars A are forced apart by springs C. The device is attached to the animal's head by straps D and E. 1931. Chesterton, W. J. Feb. 3. Whips ; ivJiip sockets. — Relates to audible signals for use on road vehicles to indicate to the driver that the whip is in its socket, and to signal to foot passengers. A whistle or horn a is fixed to the whip socket C or to the whip A, and the whistle &c. is sounded by pushing the whip in its socket, and so compressing a hollow ball B. Instead of a whistle a bell may be employed. In this case the bell is sounded by depressing a spring plunger and operating ball hammers h, h^. The bell b is pre- ferably fixed to the whip socket C, but it may be fixed to the whip. 2036. Silver, W. Feb. 4. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to machine shearing-apparatus such as that described in Speci- fication No. 17,270, A.D. 1889, and to hand-ope- rated shearing-apparatus. The rear arm a of the actuating-lever is supported by the bent arm b^ the point a^ of which rests in the lever arm, or a pin on the arm a may enter a cup in the arm b^. The arm ¥ is fixed to the pin &^ mounted to oscillate in suitable bearings in the nut d and the casing. A helical spring may be arranged on the spindle 5^ between the arms a and P. The upper cutter in the hand-operated shearing-apparatus is supported in a similar way. Separate pivots may be used for the lever and supporting-arm. fic.2 2161. Ritchie, J. Feb. 6. Nosebags. — The bag 10 is formed with a pocket 12 to prevent the food from being tossed out, and with a perforated bottom 13. It is suspended by cords 18 and 19 passing behind the ears of the animal and over the brow respectively. These cords are united by a ring &c. 17 to the cords 15 and 16, which pass through eyes 14 in the bag 2291. Hofer, P. Feb. 7 Saddles; fastening saddle girths. Relates to means for enabling a rider to tighten the girths without dismounting One end of the girth is attached to a rack a, actuated by a ratchet e and 42 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 pawl d on the lever h, as shown. To free the girth the lever g is operated so as to free the pawls /, d. The appliance is fitted in a frame as shown, which is fixed to the left side of the saddle. 2532. Bailey, E. Feb. 12. Saddles. — The underside of the saddle cloth or numnah or of the saddle panel is made of woven horse-hair or hor.-e-hair cloth. Over this is placed Egyptian loofah, which forms the upper side of the saddle cloth &c. The saddle cloth &c. is shaped and the edges bound in the ordinary manner. FlC.3 25'70. Becker, Xi. Feb. 12. , Fastening, slip-hooks for. The hook or buckle fastening is for disconnecting the chains, straps, or ropes &c. of harness &c. while in tension. One strap &c. is secured to the bar e^ of the frame b, and a bent link on the end of the other strap &c. is passed over the tongue d, which is pivoted to the bar e of the frame b and held at its point by the recessed end of a spring bolt / sliding in the casing a. The bolt / has an eye (not shown) for the attachment of a releasing-cord. In a modifica- tion, the frame b is curved and the link over the tongue d is straight. In another modifica- tion, tongues are also pivoted on the side bars b so as to bear against the tongue d ; three chains &c. may in this way be simultaneously released. In a further modification, the tongue d is continued beyond its pivot to form a single or double hook. 2861. Poll, K. S., a ;d Bennett. K. W. Feb. 17. ■ Nosebags. — The bag A, of the shape shown, is provided with ven- tilation holes G and a partition / which prevents the food from passing too rapidly from the reservoir A to the part B where it is consumed. The bag is suspended by straps H, D as shown. 3214. Weidenhammer, G. M. Feb. 21. Whips and fishing and other rods and sticks are made of taper form of cane with a core of steel or whalebone &c. and with a natural handle. Two or more longitudinal cuts are made in the stick and long thin wedges of the material are removed, the core is next inserted, and the parts of the stick are glued together so as to give it a taper form. Feb. 24. Fl C.3 ••>"">"fy"nili'"h "!■ Bi 3320. Stefienson, N. P. Yokes, neck. — The yoke consists . of a tubular bar A lar,za having formed in- ^^ tegrally therewith, by casting or roll- o ing, a projection b for receiving the eye B, which is passed over the pole as usual. The eyes C for receiving the collar straps are solid welded rings passing through holes in the end of the bar. 3370. Butter, A. T. Feb. 24. Collars, breast ; saddles ; traces. — Relates _ to a breast plate and neck strap for draught animals. The breast collar A is connected to the breeching by straps C, but not to the traces B. These, either in one or several parts, run through loops on the breast collar, thus preventing the animal's chest from being chafed. In the same way, the back band F and neck strap L pass through loops on the saddle E and neck plate K respectively, the rein guides I being secured between the loops as shown. When a bugle pole is used, it is held by rings M or straps N passing through staples carrying antifriction rollers. 43 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 3492. Clarke, T . U . , and Seymour, A. W. Feb. 26. Stirrups, safety. The arms A are hinged near the eye, and are split at B to form spring catches C engaging in slots in the tread D. The tread be- comes disengaged if the rider is thrown. 3598. Canary, F. Le A. Feb. 27. FIC.2. Muzzles for animals. — Relates to dog muzzles. The lower part of the muzzle consists of two frames h and d which are free to turn at c and to turn and slide at e respectively, and to slide on one another at f. A spring h keeps the two frames normally flat with the wire k. The dog is thus enabled to open his mouth to eat and drink &c., but not to bite any external object. 3670. Brewer, V.Ci-., [Rochet & Co.., i.]. Feb. 28. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to clippers for sheep and other animals. The lever L working the cutter 0 is pivoted at one end between steel points m; it is supported near the other end by a stud S adjustable by a screwed cap T, and ia oscillated by a piston working in the chamber W. The position of the ball J on the lever L may be adjusted with regard to the piston by set-screws bearing on each side of it. The apparatus is worked by compressed air, which passes through the pipe P and is distributed to the chamber W by an oscillating valve in the channel K. The air escapes by a channel R near the blade, thus cooling it and blowing away the dust &c. 4071. Peel, W. T. March 6. Small-arms, attaching. — Relates to means for attaching a gun to cavalry harness. The gun is supported in a central position under the horse's body, the muzzle passing out between the fore legs, a is a portion of the bellyband, and i is a surcingle which secures the plate c in position. cZ is a vertical plate attached to the plate c, and carrying the rear frame h to which the gun k is pivoted at g, and carrying the front frame e provided with notches, as shown, for adjusting the elevation. I is a bell-crank lever, to which a string is attached, to enable the horseman to operate the trigger i. Or electric or pneumatic firing-apparatus may be used. The method of attaching the gun to the harness may be varied. 4086. XMIunns, March 7, W. K., [Aloran, R. P.]. Rutiaioay horses, re- leasing.— The hame or breast- collar strap is fastened to the loop Gr on the spring bar I, the backhand is fastened to a buckle or a clamping-lever B, the breeching to the loop L, and the girth to the loop C, all of which parts are carried by a frame A provided with the ball 0, which may be released from the divided socket P fixed to the shaft S by means of a lever and cord, as shown. In this way a runaway hnrse may be entirely released by disconnecting the single fastening O, P on each shaft. 44 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 4097. Norman, R. H. March 7.j Saddles, cart. The chain A is prevented from accidentally coming out of the groove D in the saddle by one or more arms F, pivoted to the up- rights E, and weighted so that they normally form a sort of bridge. 4104. Kuelln, J. W., and Roorsell, E. March 7. Rein holders for cabs &c. Fig. 2 shows a plan of the top of the cab, showing the rein guard C which is carried on the end of a lever D pivoted at S and having a hinged handle G which can be depressed by a spring H to engage a notch in a curved bar F and thus to fix the guard in the central position for travelling. To facilitate access to the cab, the guard may be turned to either side as shown in dotted lines. 4138. Perkins, P. S. March 7. Fastening pole-chains, shackles for. The pole head is made in two telescopic parts, the front part M being bifurcated. The rear part of the pole crab is fitted with two links D^ for attachment of the pole-chains or straps. These links are hinged on a bolt C, their lower ends being fastened by a pin E secured by a button H, so that a fallen horse may easily be released. 4210. Redfern March 9. , G. P., IWoUeley, F. F.]. FIG.2. Horse clippers and the like, flexible shafting for. The shafts B, b carrying the toothed wheels (J, C are fitted in sleeves A, a which are hinged together so as to be readily con- nected and disconnected. Each sleeve has formed on its flange a pin and an eye arranged at some dis- tance apart and so that the pin of the one may be inserted in the eye of the other by sliding the sleeves face to face one across the other. This is efilected before the spindles are inserted in the sleeves ; these are then turned apart, causing the engagement of interfitting lugs which prevent disconnection ; the spindles having been inserted and the wheels secured thereon the sleeves are prevented from turning back to the unlocked position. The coupling is stated to be applicable to driving sheep-shearing machines. r r 4530. Zellerin, IM[., and Vasarhelyl, A. March 13. FIC.2 Runaway horses, releasing ; fastening traces, pole- chains &c., draw-bolts and hook fastenings for. Fig. 2 shows a section through part of a whipple- tree. The traces or shafts are held by spring draw-bolts g operated by chains x attached to 45. 1891] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 eyes lo on a piece v, which, when turned by levers operated by cords running to the driver's seat, draws the chains and bolts, and liberates the traces or shafts. Fallen horses may thus be released. The pole-chain or strap F\ Fig. 10, is secured by an eye Z" to the hook e", the mouth of which is guarded by the spring plate ?'''. A runaway horse, when otherwise freed, by continuing its motion thus frees itself from the vehicle altogether. If only partial release is desired the piece m" may be turned across the hook. Bridles, blindfolding - appliances for. To the inner side of the blinker a^", Fig. 11, is pivoted a spring flap c^", which can be released so as to close over the animal's eyes by a pin o^'^, which liberates the slide 7i^" and cord .;"\ and thus to arrest the animal. The flap is drawn back by a cord. The pin o^" may be drawn by the driver, or automatically by the horse when liberated from the vehicle. 5117. Woodman, March 21. XI., and Jenkins, J. nc.5. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The stirrup leather is suspended on the lower limb of the piece E, provided with the usual spring latch. The piece E is held between the hooks or catches B, C, of which the hook B is fixed to the base-plate A, secured to the saddle-tree, while the book C is pivoted to the plate, and is pressed down in front by a spring fixed to a projection at the rear of the plate A, and acting on the rear of the pivoted hook C. A projection e^ on the bar E bears against the hook C. If the rider is thrown, the hook C lifts and frees the bar E, and with it the stirrup leather. 5152. Schulz, March 23. K., and Stahlecker, E. Currycombs. — The comb proper consists of a serrated strip A wound into a spiral and attached to a spring strip e which carries a handle H and a segmental brush S. This brush enables a curry- comb to be more evenly used. A bolt and nut c, d enables the spring strip to be compressed or re- laxed, so as to regulate the extent to which the brush S projects below the comb A. If desired, the screw d may have pivoted to it a curved plate i carrying a spiked plate z for cleaning the bristles of the brush. -•■•^ 5186. Panzer, C. A. March 23. Stirrups. — The tread c is hinged to the sides «, h which carry extensions i held together by the arms h of the T-shaped stem d of the eye e. The centre piece / of the stem is pivoted at g to one exten- sion i, the pivot passing freely through a hole in the other extension. The centre piece / also carries a stop h to prevent the stirrup bow from turning backwards with respect to the stem d. If a fall occurs, the bow turns forwards till the extensions i are free from the overlapping arms h, when the side h is free to open out. 5317. Burg'on, March 25. C, and Burg'on, K. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to apparatus such as is described in Specification No. 10,828, A.D. 1890, for shearing or clipping sheep or other animals. The upper cutter B is connected to the oscillating lever C by a piece which consists of a broad head G^ provided with two pins 6' fitting into sockets in the upper cutter B and of a stem g fitting into a socket in the lever C, and kept therein by a pin g'^ which allows twisting but not sliding motion. The pivot c upon which the lever C oscillates is screwed into a plate D hinged at d and provided with a spring h upon which a set- screw H' may bear. The spring h and the con- nection of the piece G^ maintain the proper pressure between the plates G\ B, and A notwith- standing any unevenness caused by re-sharpening and wear. 46 1891] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 5325. Ziee, W., and Patent IVoollen Clotb Co. March 25. Saddle cloths. — The saddle cloth or mat is trimmed with a designed border of felt &c. made separately and printed in colours in any usual way, and attached to the edges of the cloth. 5453. Ashberry, P., and Sarnes, W. March 28. Horse clippers and the I /he. — Relates to a flexible shaft for sheep shearinof or clipping apparatus. Consists of lengths of coiled wire A, connected by coupling-sci'ews C engaging with threads cut in the ends of the coils, and has at one end a solid or tubular connecting-piece D to fit into the hollow shaft of the driving-gear, and at the other a tubular slotted end piece to connect with the clipper. 5512. Eulenfeld, P. von. March 31. nc I Saddles, tools for use in connection with. A combination tool for use by equestrians &c. con- sists mainly of two parts A, B hinged together at b^ so as to leave a slot c when opened. The saddle girth may be tightened by passing its free end through the slot c and pulling the end of the plate A, while the edge of the plate B serves as a fulcrum. The plate A has a cover-plate A^ hinged to it at a, and this second plate is formed with a notch a^ for opening stirrup bars and a projection a^ for clearing horses' hoofs &c. A hinged awl a'" for boring strap holes rests in a recess beneath the cover-plate A^ The plate B has an opening b^ to serve as a spanner for screwing up roughing-calks and a notch b^ for extracting loose shoe nails. 5647. I^unns, W. April 1. Martingales. — The ends of the bit are secured to a metal fork b hinged at c to the rod B, which may be adjusted in the tube I) by a set- .screw h. The tube D is fastened to the martingale F, which may be continued beyond the collar to form loops for the reins C. By this apparatus the head of the animal is held up without the use of bearing reins. H., [Matheios, S. E.]. FIC.J 5686. X&ussell, P. R., and Downing*; H. W. April 2. Saddles. — Riding saddles are made by stretching raw or green hide when thoroughly moist over a suitable shaping - block and letting it dry upon it. The shaping- block may be in sections for adjust- ment and have arrangements for heating. The seat thus formed is waterproofed by means of linseed oil or varnish. Felting &c. is introduced within the seat and the curved wooden cantle piece, Fig. 7, and steel front and side pieces, Figs. 5 and 9 respectively, are placed in position and screwed or riveted together. After entirely enclosing these pieces with additional felting &c., the usual flaps and panels are attached. 5762. Ward, J. R., and Kurman, R. J. E. April 3. Nosebags. — Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the bag. To the rear of the top edge of the ordi- nary bag H and to the supporting - straps B is stitched a flap A, to which is stitched a second flap E, thus forming a pocket Gr into which the food falls if the bag is tossed up. Elastic bands C and F are attached to the edges of these flaps so as to bring them close against the lower jaw of the animal. A pad D is attached to the flap E. 47 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 To keep the bag in place hooks A^ are fixed to the straps B to hook into the bridle straps. G-., and Badgrer, A. 6015. Robinson, April 8. Tethering animals ; dog leashes and the like. — The hitching straps of halters, ties for dogs, &c. are attached at one end to a spring drum. Fig. 2, or piston contained in a flat circular or a cylindrical case respectively. By this means the slack in the strap &c. is always taken up. 6062. Clark, W. April 8. Horse clippers and the like. — Handles for double - handed tools such as horse clippers, shears, &c. are attached by screwing, forming a screw thread upon the tang A to screw into a wooden or threaded metal handle or into a threaded socket K attached to a wooden handle as shown. 6308. Kirk, H. April 13. ,S FIC.I. ^^£. Saddles, military. The tree is formed of two side boards A, A shaped as shown, and connected together by a front arch B and rear arch D of steel, secured to the boards by bolts and nuts C C. The rear ends of the side bars are continued at A' beyond the rear arch to form a seat for the pack the central strap of which is secured to the slotted plate E. The saddle leather is secured to the rear arch D by sewing and to the front arch B by buckled straps. The staples B' are for the attach- ment of wallets &c. The Provisional Specification states that the arches may be fixed to the side boards by riveting, and that the ends of the cantle arch may be notched to form loops for the outside pack straps. 6523. Brown, April 16. C, and Franklin, F, Horse clippers.— The blade A is connected by a lever B to the connecting-rod C attached to a crank on the wheel D, which derives its motion from a second wheel provided with a handle E. 6781. Townson, C April 20. .' FIC.3. Fastening reins and other straps &c., clips for. Fig. 3 shows the fastening forming a rein loop for the bit. Two studs b, c, united by a bar a, are passed through holes in the strap d, the parts of which may be kept together by loops e, e'. In a modification, the studs project on opposite sides of the connecting-bar. 6910. Williamson, G-., and Neg-ri, C. de. April 22. 'Tugs, shaft ; fastening ; traces. — The shaft - tug, Fig. 1, consists of the leather loop S supported by the buckle B provided with a tongue and having 48 a frame bent to the shape shown, made with three cross-bars between two of which passes the loop D, while the tug is attached to the third. The loop D is carried by the free end of the tug con- tinued to form the bellyband V. The tug is held 1891] ABRIDGMENT GLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 closed by the end P of the backhand which passes through the loop D. A " safe " p may be arranged behind the buckle if desired. Figs. 10 and IG show methods of fastening traces to the draw-bar. The trace T, Fig. 10, is split and one end carries a loop R for passing over the loop D, while the other end P passes through the loop D. as shown. In Fig. 16 one end of the split trace T is connected to a chain carrying loops R and D which are secured by the end P as before. Fig. 24 shows a method of fastening the two parts of a trace for pair-horse harness at the point where the trace is supported by the backhand. The ends to be joined are con- nected by loops B, D held together by the strap P of tbe split trace T. In either modification a fallen horse may readily be released by withdrawing the end P. 7017. Clifford, S. E. Bits. — The reins are attached to rings c, sliding on the side bars h, against the action of springs d ; thus by pulling the reins firmly the severity of the bit can be increased. April 23. 7056. Morton, AprU 24. db S., and Kolcroft, A. J. rfimMiniKin Ifdj Saddle cloths ; clothing for animals. — Relates to the manufacture of saddle mats or rugs &c., specially intended for use in South American States. The border A, B is made in one colour and class of weave, and the body C in another. The border is woven double with fine and thick warps a, b, c and wefts d, e, while the body C is woven single with similar warps and with weft e, and also with a weft/, which is made to cross the weft rf, as shown, the latter being employed only in the border. 7483. Xiamploug-h, A. April 30. Fastening traces &c., couplings for. The gap B in the chain link is closed by a spring arm E pivoted at D and provided with a lower flange F to catch into the groove H, and an upper flange G to prevent the arm from going too far. P 13662 7641. Connell, J. C. May 2. jj^ FIC.Z. Runavjay horses^ releasing ; collars, neck; belly- hands; bridles ; fastening. — The object is rapidly to release a runaway horse from the harness. Fig. 6 shows the end of a hame c fitted with a slip- hook e the point of which is held by a pin /passing through a fixed eye p over which the hook passes. The pin / is operated by the driver through a cord I. The bellyband /«, Fig. 2, is provided with a hinge i the spring joint pin j of which may be similarly operated by a cord. The coupling-reins n, n, Fig. 4, are secured to the staples /j on the driving-rein by a pin q with a cord r. The same means may be employed for fastening other parts of the harness. 7642. ]M[endel, A. May 2. Saddles; breeching; belhjbands.— The Figure shows the off-side horse of a pair, for which the harness is mainly used ; the collar shown is that described in Specification No. 13,508, A.D. 1889. The saddle b, preferably hinged at e, carries loops c' for the bellyband d, which is attached to one loop, and is passed through the other and attached to the loop a on the pole p. The ordinary pole chains or straps may be dispensed with. If a breeching is used, it is attached at one end to the bellyband d, as shown, or to the trace or collar 49 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 and at the other end to a loop n on the pole p. The traces may be fixed in the ordinary manner. 7990. Place, J. R. May 9. / FIC.S FIC.4 Saddles, harness fittings for. The saddle b, Fig. 4, is bestridden by a IJ- shaped piece a, to which is attached by a screw / a crupper loop e, preferably e 1 1 i p- tical, and a bearing rein hook or bracelet c, which are shouldered or recessed to fit into a notch on the top of the piece a, as shown. Collars, breast; fastening pole straps, shackles for. The pole strap Jc, Fig. 6, is attached to the breast collar i by a loop j pivoted between the arms h^ carried by the base-plate h which is fixed to the breast collar. The loop is shouldered at j*, as shown, to limit its motion. The trace g runs freely over the breast collar and between the arms h\ The breast collar is connected to side straps, which are buckled to the ends of a breeching strap. 8321. Jackman, J, May 14, rjc.3. Measuring. — The withers and backs of horses &c. are measured for saddles &c. by an appliance similar to a pair of callipers, shown in Fig. 3 in its folded position, and consisting of two hinged arms A pivoted together at one end B. One of the curved edges C is used for measuring the withers and the other D for the back. 8411. Henshaw, T. S., [Avit, L.]. May 15. Bridles; stopping runaioay horses. — The horse is con trolled by a band A which compresses the windpipe. This band is attached to a ring A' on a strap B fastened to the cheek strap. A smaller strap C passes from the ring A^ over the pulley E and through loops F and a second pulley E to the ring J on the end of the rein K. An elastic strap G connects the ring J and the bit strap H. By pulling the rein very firmly the strap G stretches and the straps C, A come into action. For saddle horses the strap C may be continued to form a second rein. The above arrangement of straps is preferably the same on each side of the head ; but by fixing one end of the strap A this is not essential. 8451. Briesen, O. von. May 16. FIG. 7 Bridles. — Restive horses &c. are restrained by blindfolding them by means of a spring flap h which is hinged to a plate p fixed to the cheek strap n. The flap b is suitably padded on the side next the horse's eye, and is released by a cord Z' acting on a catch h. The flap is brought back, after the animal has been quieted, by a cord I, To prevent disturbance of the position of the plates b, p, dowel pins are fixed into one plate near the hinge to fit into sockets in the other plate. 8466. Kerr, W. A. May 16. Bits ; bridles. — The snaffle bit, Fig, 1, has rein rings c, double cheeks a, b, cannons d pivoted to the cheeks, and a port e pivoted to the cannons and shaped outside to fit the animal's palate and inside to fit the tongue. The cannons may be made of different degrees of severity, thus they may consist of jointed bars covered with rubber, leather, &c,, or rigid covered bars or plain uncovered bars or twisted bars. For animals with one-sided mouths one of the cannons may be different from the other. To the ring c are attached the rein h, Fig. 4, and the cheek strap k, which may be connected by a small strap j to the bit cheek a or be fixed to a 50 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 loop formed on the cheek. To obtain greater con- trol while riding there may be a second ring /, Fig. 4, for a second rein g which forms a noseband at the part /. In another form, Fig. 5, for driving, f\ C.4 a separate noseband i suspended by a strap o is attached to rings I on the bit. The rein p may pass through the turrets on the collar and through the rein rings and be carried back and fixed to the breeching. The nosebands are lined with curb chain to make them more effective. 8476. Ripley, R. May 16. FIC.3 Muzzles for animals. — A chain or perforated strap &c. carries a ring B near its centre. The ring may be split or have a spring opening &c., or may be replaced by a buckle. The ends of the chain or strap may carry hooks. In arranging the strap as a muzzle the ring B is placed beneath the neck as shown, and the straps on either side are looped round the neck and nose respectively. In a modification, the chain &c. carries a ring at one end, a hook at the other, and a short branch chain between the two. A noose is formed for the neck of the dog or other animal, and the chain is then brought down the animal's forehead and looped round the nose, the branch chain forming an under connection between the two loops. 8862. Zbbotson, A. B. May 25.1 Tethering animals. — Relates to spikes, nails, pegs, and the like, applicable, among other purposes, for tethering animals. The object is to form a large bearing surface, and to facilitate driving. The Figures show two examples from the many forms illustrated in the Specification. The shank is formed on the front, and on the back and sides also if desired, with a groove or grooves A, prefer- ably rounded, which run out upon the chisel point B. The point is arranged transversely to the direction of the pressure the spike is intended to resist. The edge c may be tempered or case- hardened and sharpened. The neck A may be rectangular or circular in section, and of the same or less width than the lower part of the shank, which may be considerably flattened out as shown in Fig. 20. In tethering-pegs a ring is fixed to the head. 9076. Oster, J. May 28. Spurs. — The stem carrying the rowel is made separate from the bow, and is formed with a screw c screwing into the end of the arm ¥, which is pivoted at d between the forked ends of the other arm b. The bow is first fixed to the heel, and then the stem is screwed up till its point enters the heel and its shoulder e abuts against the bow. P 1S662 51 9S19. Cawdle, T. K. June 6. Elbow pads; cloth- ing for animals . — Padded flaps A are fixed to a horse cloth to protect the elbow joints of the animal when lying down. The flaps are secured round the four legs by straps C and buckles E. D 2 1891] ABKIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 9649. Green, F. W., and Swann, G-. A. June 6. Fastening pole-chains, shackles for. The pole- chains are attached to shackles L hinged to dove- tail pieces D which slide in grooves in the pole cap S, and are kept in place by a spring turn-button B. The button B has to be pulled out a certain distance before it can be turned into the position shown in dotted lines B^, so as to clear the sliding pieces D. 9873. Schulz, H., June 10. and Stahlecker, E. Currycomhs. — The comb is designed to be readily- cleaned. It is formed of several concentric ser- rated strips a fixed at their ends to the bars e, e^ which are hinged at d and held together by a sliding piece ?w. On sliding back this piece the bars e, e^ spring apart by the elasticity of the strips a and shake out the dust and dirt accumulated between the strips. A handle is fixed to the bar e, which may carry a curved brush concentric with the strips a. A spiked plate pivoted at d may be added to clean this brush. 9939. 9939. Boult, A. J., [Fraas, G. A.']. June 11. Runaway horses, releasing. — Instead of the usual pole and traces, four shafts or limbers / hinged to whipple-trees e are provided. The front ends of the shafts/ are pivoted to plates on the harness by pins passing through the holes/*, and to these pins are attached cords by which the driver can pull them out to release the horses in an emergency. (^For Drawing see next column.') ^^^, A. -/-^ 9994. Hug-heSyC.T., [iToecMm, P.]. June 12. Bridles. — Instead of the separate leather rein at- tached to the snaffle or to the upper part of the curb bit, a short elastic rein B or C is used, which is connected to the rein A near the crupper. The forward end of the more powerful leather rein A only comes into use when the rider or driver exerts sufficient force to considerably extend the rein B or C. 10,572. Ashberry, P., and Barnes, W. June 22. ^'^^'^ Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to improve- ments in the apparatus described in Specification No. 6962, A.D. 1890, comprising a means for adjusting the tension of the lever on the cutters, a universal joint, and a means for attaching the comb. Fig. 1 shows the tension mechanism. The lever K is drawn down by the tension-screw TS, which screws into the interior of the pin P pro- vided with a head SO and screwed collar C between which, with ball bearings, the lever oscillates. The tension-screw is prevented from slacking back by a 62 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 catch D taking into notches in the nut N "which screws on to the bushing B. The joint, Fig. 3, is formed by three bevel-wheels BW carried respec- tively by the motor shaft, the cutter shaft, and the hinge J of the frame F. The comb is attached by bolts and nuts, the bolt heads being external to the casing and the comb slotted for the bolt shanks. 10,622. Itlorand, Cr. June 22. Fastening traces, shaft- tugs, or pole-chains. Re- lates to a buckle and fasten- ing for harness &c. The buckle is constructed with an opening front bar B pivoted at 0 and held in its closed position by a spring. C is a roughened surface for the thumb or finger in opening. A similar device may be applied to collar swivels, whipple-trees, or shaft carriers. Webb, J. June 23. [Patent re- FIG.I 10,712. fused."] Bits ; bridles. — The guiding and bearing reins are combined to form a single rein j, which passes through eyes in the loop h^ formed on the bit, which has a plain mouth-bar, and is at- tached to the cheek- straps by loose loops i. For a saddle-horse a second rein is attached to the loop h^. The rein j is attached to the throat strap, or is carried back through loops m to the saddle, to which it is fixed, or beneath which it passes to the crupper, the rein in either case passing above the back of the animal. The various loops are provided with antifriction rollers. The direction in which the combined rein is led through the bit cheeks may be reversed. The Specification shows the forms of loops &c. it is preferred to employ throughout. 10,750. Newall, J. "W. June 24. Amended. Horse clippers and the like. — Fig. 1 shows a sectional elevation of one form of a clipper for shearing hair or wool. Motion is transmitted between the spindles 26 and 38 by bevel-wheels 33, 33^ which rotate in casings hinged together at 34. The spmdle 38 drives the oscillating lever 44 by the crank-pm 43 carrying a specially-shaped roller 45 fitting in a block 46 which reciprocates vertically in the forked end of the lever 44. This lever is formed with a ball in the centre which is held between the pieces 50, 51 carrying antifriction balls. In a modification, the lever 44 is pivoted on gimbals. The end of the lever is pressed down on the cutters by a screw 59 bearing on a forked piece 56, pivoted at 58, and carrying a specially- shaped rocking piece 60 for bearing against the roller 61 on the lever. An end piece is formed with three or more fingers specially rounded at the ends so as always to bear evenly on the cutter 47. This end piece may have a rounded shank to turn in the lever made tubular at this part. The lever 44 may be cushioned by side springs. 10,924. Boury, A. A., Champag-ne, A., and Schmidt, E. June 26. Bits. — The mouth-bar consists of an internal rod X' carrying a flat piece X^, and enclosed in the sleeves A, A. The mouth-bar passes freely through the cheeks B, and is firmly fixed to the levers 0 which carry the curb chain S, as shown, from their upper ends, and at their lower ends are formed with loops M for an extra pair of reins. The cheeks B are formed with loops N for the cheek straps, and with other loops (not shown) for the ordinary reins. With these latter reins the animal is controlled unless it becomes unruly, when the extra pair is used, causing the plate X^ to rotate and force apart the tongue and the roof of the mouth, notwithstanding that the sleeves or rollers A may be gripped between the teeth. 53 11,533. Dannhauser, Zi. July 7. Stopping runavmy horses. — A runaway horse is controlled by obstructing its vision and respiration. 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. ri8di The blinkers b may be drawn close to the eyes by a rein c passing from the bit through f I C A loops i' and «' back to the driver. A bag j suspended by straps e and g may be drawn over the nose by the rein/, passing between the fore legs and along the trace, and so back to the driver. FIC 4 11,547. Willis, r. July Saddles^ harness. Relates to beads for harness saddles, one form being shown in plan and eleva- tion respectively, in Figs. 4 and 6. The sides of the bead c are provided with one or more anti- friction rollers g for the backhand b to work against. 11,751. Davies, G-. July 10. _. !rt-- •-" 'Ti A7iimah, stocks for holding ; slings, lifting. — Re- lates to stocks for holding horses, bulls, and other animals, for farriery or veterinary purposes. A belly blanket or apron /, by means of which the animal is raised from the ground, is suspended by chains h from rollers g, mounted in the sides of a timber framework, and by straps m from trans- verse rollers w, o. The rollers are rotated by levers /, and are held in any required position by ratchets and pawls j, k. The legs of the animal may be secured to a cross-beam s by straps t. 12,062. IMCohr, C. July 16. Muzzles for animals. — A muzzle for dogs &c. is formed with a leather &c. plate A connected to the frame at the back by a spring hinge C, and at the sides by the projecting wire E formed at the end with a loop to slide freely on the wire F. In a modification, the wire F is formed into a long loop, in which slides the wire E which is continued back to join the plate A. 12,246. Williamson, ». W. July 18. Nosebags. — The supporting-straps are formed with springs which gradually lift the bag as its contents are consumed. 12,473. Virtue, W. W. July 22. FIC.I. Horse clipjjers and the like. — Consists of pin and slot mechanism for converting rotary motion into reciprocating, applicable for use in shearing and clipping machines &c. The fulcrum 12 of the oscillating lever 10 is in the plane of the axis of the driving-shaft 4, which carries a disc 6 formed with a pin 7. The pin is surrounded by a bush 8, fitting between the horns 11 of the lever ; its axis is inclined and intersects that of the shaft at the fulcrum of the lever. The apparatus may be arranged for the lever to oscillate in a horizontal plane, and the details of the mechanism may be varied. 12,476. lYEoffat, J., and Virtue, W. W. July 22. Amended. Horse dippers and the like. — Fig. 1 shows one form of apparatus, in which the motion is communicated to the FlC) '^^ifuiininica//ffi/fff,iiu^ 54 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS [1891 oscillating bar 11 by the pin 5, fixed to or in a piece with the balanced crank 4, so that its axis prolonged intersects that of the shaft 1 on the axis of the pivot 8 of the bar 11. The pin 5 is hollow to hold oil for lubricating, and is surrounded by a sleeve 6, square externally, which reciprocates between the forked bar 11. The forked tension bar 12, pressing on the cutter 15, is hinged at 13 to the bar 11, and is pressed down by the screw 26 passing through the nut 28, and bearing on the pin 30 which bridges tbe forked bar 12 and passes through slots in the bar 11, which is thus unaffected by any adjustment of the tension bar. In a modification, the pin 5 and the sleeve 6 are pivoted respectively to the crank 4 and bar 11, and the parts 8 and 28 are in one piece. In a further modification, the tension lever 12 is pivoted between the rear ends of the forked bar 11 and the tension-screw 26 bears directly upon it. The lever 12 may also be pivoted at the front end of tlie bar 11, becoming thus a lever of the first, instead of the third order. In another modification, the bar 11, is pivoted behind the crank, and the tension adjustment is effected by means of a mushroom-shaped pin. In other forms, the lever 11 swings on knife-edges, or the sleeve is prolonged beyond the axis of the bar 11 in the form of a fork, which either embraces or passes between links corresponding to the bars 11, 12. Special means are described for connecting the bar 12 and the cutter 15. FIC,3 12,502. Elliott, R. P. July 23. Stir mps.— The bow is split so as to form a second bow A\ which is hinged to the first at a\ and when turned down serves as a mounting-step. 12,704. Wheway, S. B. July 27. Collars, neck, hames for. Fig. 2 shows a transverse sec- tion across the hame near the draught-hook. The eyes K which carry the vertical bolt upon which the hook is pivoted are secured by rivets S passing through the hame E in the direction shown. The hame may be encased in two or more thicknesses of steel &c. for extra strength. 12,835. Niederer, A. July 29. Brushing -cq^imratus for grooming. — Relates to a rotary brush for cleaning horses &c. The brush A is mounted on a spindle C which passes through the tubular handle B and is connected to a flexible shaft D. The spindle may be lubricated by a wick or sponge soaked in oil, and both spindle and shaft are hollow to allow compressed air or water to be directed on the part of the animal being cleaned. 13,263. Dymond, G. C, [Hauser, E.]. Aug. 5. RunavMy horses, releasing; fastening traces. Consists of a slip-link for releasing traces. Fig. 4 shows an elevation of the link, and Fig. 5 a plan partly in section. It consists of a curved U-shaped piece a, b, a, closed at its upper end by a specially- shaped sliding loop/, to which the releasing- cord is attached. The trace is attached to the part b, and is fastened to the vehicle by forming a noose with the link, so that, by pulling the releasing-cord which passes through loops on the rein, backhand, and trace, the piece / is pulled out and the trace set free. F I c . b . F1&.4. 55 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. 1891 13,332. Newall, J. W, Aug. 6. Horse clippers and the like. — A flexible shaft for sheep-sheariug apparatus &c. is composed of sections of rigid shafting 26, Fig. 4, connected by variable bevel-whpels 33, 33-'' and rota- ting within sections of rigid sheathing hinged together by means of sockets 32, 32. It is connected to the shaft by which it is driven or to that Avhich it is to drive, or to both, by a Hooke's joint as shown in Fig. 2. This Figure shows the top joint ; the short spindle 10 carries a pinion 9 which gears with a wheel on the overhead driving- shaft when the apparatus is driven by power, and is sup- ported in a bracket 12 fixed to one of the main bearings. To a dome, formed on the lower end of this bracket, is secured a cap 28 forming with the part 29 a ball-and- socket joint concentric with the Hooke's joint. A modified arrangement for connecting the shaft with the shear is shown in Fig. 5. The end of the sheath 30 is split and clamped by means of a screw collar 36 on the removable section 30* which embraces a removable section of the shaft. An intermediate bearing for the sections of rigid shaft is shown in Fig. 3. The shaft passes through a ball 31* held tightly in serjt^ formed in sleeves rigidly secured together and to the ends of the sections of a sheath 30 30. The overhead driving-shaft may be supported on a pillar and driven by a rope or chain from a handle-wheel or can be driven by power. Fit. 3 13,505. nic^onald, A. Aug. lu. Tethering animals. — The halter chain d is attached at one end to the headstall, and at the other end slides upon a rod or chain h fixed in various ways. Fig. 3 shows one way of arranging the latter chain. Its upper end slides on a bar h, and its lower end is connected by rings to a bar / pivoted at c, and working beneath a bar k. The bars i, /', and k are all secured to the manger. In a modification, the lower end of the chain slides on the bar A;, the bar/ being dispensed with. The bar k may also be dispensed with, the lower end of the chain h being then fixed. The chain h may be replaced by a rod, and the bars b and k may be replaced by slots in the manger. 13,654. Wolseley, F. V. Aug. 13. Horse clippers and the like. — In sheep i-hears the cutters A are made with projections D to take the pres- sure of the ends of the fork C, pre- ferably thickened and recessed a t this part. The cutters are also formed with a serrated or cre- n a t e d edge t o obtain a better bold of the wool. 13,972. Shepherd, r. Aug. 19. F a stent 71 g pole- chains and traces, slip- hooks for. Relates to improvements in the slip-hooks d e - scribed in Specification No. 13,609, A.D. 1889, for releasing fallen horses. Fig. 3 shows the hook with the front plate removed. The hook proper c is extended at g to bear against the back of the case when closed and so relieve the strain on the pivot. The spring e bears against the extension g. The sliding spring catch d for the hook c is unaltered. 56 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 nc.4. 14,256. Parkes &, G-nosUl and Parkes, J. Aug. 24. Collars, neck, hames for. The eye foi- the throat tackle at the end of full and half-cased hames is made by brazing a finished bored plug a into the casing A. By this means the casing can be made of better steel than is possible in the usual welding process. The plug is preferably shouldered as shown, and may be wholly enclosed in the casing, which is then perforated to correspond with it. 14,266. Kumm. H/t. Auor. 24. and Drawings to Specification. £L. E. Knee-caps ; horse-hoots ; pads. — Relates to leg- baths, bands, pads, knee-caps, neck-pads, and similar devices for applying electricity for curative purposes. The pads &c. are made of leather or canvas on the outside, and of rubber-covered cloth or other suitable insulating-material on the inside, to which latter are fastened metal plates joined to each other and to the source of electricity by conducting cords or wires. 14,298. Cole, W. Aug. 24. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to a motor of the oscilla- ting-vane type, which is intended mainly for obtaining an oscilla- ting or reciprocating motion in sheep shears, borse clippers, and the like. The invention is shown as applied to sheep shears. The piston or vane oscil- lates a fork 0, from which, by a suitable lever connection, motion i s communi- cated to the working cutter c. The object o f the present im- provement is to pre- vent the piston from stopping at the dead point. This is pro- vided for by a spring lever m adapted to be acted on by the fore- finger, and connected to the cut-off valve j of the fluid - supply pipe. By the action of the spring this lever normally tends to close the cut -off valve and to keep it closed until FIC.» opened by the operator. The stopping of the piston at the dead point is prevented by an extension I of the lever m, which abuts against an arm on the fork o, and, whenever the lever is released, operates to thrust over the piston iato a position suitable for re-starting. 14,351. Palmer, C. C. Jan. 26, [date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents t&c. Act, A.D. 1S83]. Anijnols, appliances for holding. — Relates to apparatus for holding cows while they are being milked. The head is held between stanchions a, a^, the latter of which is removable and is held in position by a pivoted catch b. The hind legs are held by a frame c and its attachments, which can be removed bodily by ropes passed through eyes 0 at the top. The legs are held between a fender board D, passed through slots in the frame, and a bar E sliding through eyes h, and retained in posi- tion by the pegs x of the pivoted arms k. A rope attached to the uprights of the frame is passed over the cow's back. A board n sliding on guides is provided to stand the pail upon. The frame 0 is provided with runners o that it may be easily moved along the stall into position. ne.f. 14,557. G-obron, A.. Aug. 28. Fastening traces. Consists of a fastening-device chiefly appli- cable for securing the ends of traces on the futchel bolts of carriages. The button E is hollowed out to receive a helical spring C^ which is fixed to it at I, the other end of the spring being fixed to the spindle upon which the button is mounted, and which is formed on the end of the bolt C. The upper face of the bolt and the lower face of the button may be half- checked together, so that the button cannot rotate until the spring is compressed sufficiently to enable the shoulders of the half -checked portions to clear each other. 57 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 14,683. nXallet, C. Aug. 31. Whip sockets. — A spring neck a is formed by a rubber cord or coiled spring b threaded in and out in any suitable manner. In- stead of being a continuous cord the spring may be in sections. FIC. 14,863. Keermance, De W. Feb. 14, [date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, A.D. 1883]. Saddles, riding. An upper saddle-tree or seat is formed of brass strips b^, &', d attached to a steel rod E and supported upon the lower saddle - tree of ordinary make by conical springs C. Cross-bars o\ a' are arranged to support some of the central springs as shown. 15,114. Clary, J. Sept. 7. Fl Fastetiing, hooks for. The tongue 6 is loosely pivoted in a slot 4 in the shank 1 of the hook 8, provided at 3 with a loop. A spring 14 is arranged beneath the tongue G, and a ring 15 is adapted to slide over the shank and tongue. The top of the tongue is shaped as shown, so that, when the ring is seated at 9 or at the tail, the tongue is kept securely shut or open. 15,314. IWorris, 1*1. Sept. 10. Draioijigs to Specification. Collars, nech. — The collar is of thin sheet metal, woven wire, or cane covered with leather and made hollow to contain sand &c. which, as the horse is travelling, is jerked out of a spring-controlled opening. 15,392. Moulton, K. T. Sept. 11. Whi2:)s. — Relates to means for connecting together a whip stock and its lash or thong. A metal tube A, split at the ends and provided with teeth a, is passed over the parts E, F to be connected, and the ends of the tube are then compressed by the sliding sleeves C, D. The whip lash or thong may have an eye at its inner end to engage with a hook in the centre of the tube. It is stated in the Pro- visional Specification that the tube A may be split throughout, that there may be a central sliding sleeve, and that the sleeves may be operated by means of screws. 15,853. Burman, W. H., and Bodingrton, J. Sept. 18. <2'^ Horse clippers and the like, flexible shafts for driving. A series of sections a, forked at one end c and formed at the other end with a tooth h of the shape shown, engage one with another and one enclosed in a casing consisting of a series of bulb end tubes d connected by means of loose shells made in two halves connected by nuts /. These shells are locked to the tubes by projec- tions e^, and to the bulb ends by slots fitting over pins thereon. 16,077, Iiindemann, O. Sept. 22. Draught from bar be - tvjeen fore-leys. — The traces are attached to a bar e fixed transversely in the end of a bar a, supported at one end by the collar b, and at the other by the girth c. The collar b is connected to the saddle d by two metal strips/. 16,356. Blakemore, J. Sept. 26. Fastening, couplings for. The apparatus is designed for finishing harness buckles, links, &c. The buckle &c. C is placed on the ledges ¥ at the end of four levers b^ pivoted to blocks D ad- justable on the base-plate A. The inside and outside of the buckle &c. are shaped by the mandrel H and by the descent of the levers ¥ which rest against the boss g^. The levers b^ when 58 1891] ABRIDaMENT CLiLSS HARNESS &e. [1891 released are raised abut against stops J. be varied. by springs till their ends &' The number of levers J^may 16,561, Bricknell, S. E. Sept. 29. nc.4. Hhf- 'Jl FIC 6 'G C^B Collars, neck ; fastening. — Relates to hame tugs. The trace G, Fig. 4, is riveted to a hook I with a pointed shank, and the hook engages with the looped shank h} of the hook H, part h^ of the loop being reduced to enable the hook I to be disengaged from it. The end h of the hook H is forced into engagement with slots in the tube F, Fig. 6, by a coiled spring S protected by a pivoted plate K with limited motion. The sleeve F is attached to the hame A by a L-shaped link D, the arms of which are united by a pin d. The link D is em- braced by a metal strap C^ provided with a separate fiUing-piece c and a removable block c' to take the wear of the bolt B\ This bolt secures the strap to the yoke C bolted to the hame A. For long hame-tugs the tube F is connected to the link D by an intermediate tube and link. 16,662. Baker, W. Oct. 1. Amended. Saddles, harness. The object is to enable a horse or other draught animal to be unharnessed from a vehicle without remov- ing the shafts from the tugs. The back- band is held in the trough g of the saddle a by parallel bars d on which the terret rings e are fixed. On un- fastening the bellyband, breeching, and traces, the shafts may be lifted clear of the saddle. 16,736. Crosbee, S. C. F. Oct. 2. Collars, neck, hames for. The weldless rein ring B is attached to the hame by bending the hame nib or projec- tion A around the ring as shown. 17,480. Fraser, J. Oct. 13. Saddles. — Relates to a combined riding and deer- carrying saddle. Fig. 1 shows the saddle-tree, and 59 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 Fig. 3 the complete saddle, which are both made in the special form shown. When the saddle is to be used as a deer-carrying saddle, rings J, Fig. 3, are screwed into the pommel B and cantle D, and a curved piece C is attached by thumb-screws to the pommel B to increase its height. The panels I are attached to the parts of the bars A A, which project beyond the pommel and cantle. Rings G, H fixed to the flaps F serve for the attachment of the breeching and breastplate respectively. A bellyband K is fixed to the flaps, and three girth straps (not shown) are secured to the tree. 17,945. Perrot, C. de. Oct. 20. Collars, breast. — A large plate of leather &c. d, of the shape shown, is secured beneath the ordinary col- lar to prevent friction against the skin. 18,225. Weston, B. S. Oct. 23. Stirrup straps, sus- pending; fastening stirrup straps, buckle attachments for. Re- lates to an improve- ment on t h e safety suspender described in Specification No. 5733, A.D. 1884, the object being to pre- vent chafing of the rider's leg by the buckle of the stirrup strap. The buckle A is combined directly with the safety tongue hook C, and is thus kept close up to the saddle-bar D. FiC.3. 18,350. Fletcher, J., Kug-g-ins, F., and Hug-g-ins, H. Oct. 24. Horse clipjiers and the like. — Relates to a com- pressed-air engine and means for adapting it to shears for clipping and shearing animals and cut- ting human hair. The engine may also be actuated by hot air or steam. The motor cylinder C is formed across one end of the tubular handle A of the shears. One end I of the lever L carrying the blade B^ is forked and embraces a pin h on the motor piston ; a roller a on a projection l^ works on a guide g. The air is supplied preferably from a steel bottle through the nozzle c ; it enters a chamber z in the top of the piston P and is ad- mitted to the ends of the cylinder through ports ^■, i^ and an axial valve V ; the valve is shifted by impinging against cushions on the cylinder covers o. The air is exhausted through ports e, e' in the valve, the ports ^,^' and chamber iv in the piston, and the tube A. The stroke of the valve is limited by a pin w^, which passes through a slot r. The air by entering the cylinder before the end of the stroke tends to cushion the piston. 18,937. Nov. 3. FIG. 2 Redfern, G. F., [Wolseley, F. F.]. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to sheep- shearing machines. The lever C actuating the cutters is oscillated by a crank-pin A^ on the shaft A. The crank-pin carries a roller A' working in a groove in the semi- cylindrical piece A* which oscillates in the end of the lever C. The lever is -60 1891] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 supported at the rear by a pin D, shaped as shown, the upper and lower ends of which bear respectively in the block D' and the hollow adjustable screw D^ which may be fixed in position by a spring D^. The middle of the lever 0 is pivoted to the upper part of the casing by a ball E bearing upon blacks E^ and E^ suitably shaped and channelled for lubricating. The block E- is fitted to the adjust- ing-screw E^ provided with a nozzle E" and reser- voir E^ for the lubricant. 19,893. Brown, J. W. Nov. 17. Bridles. — The loops of the check straps and reins at the point where they come into contact with the bit rings are lined with a metal sheath A fixed by clips B. 20,182. Burman, W., and Burman, W. K. Nov. 20. FIC.3 FIC I. Horse clqipers and the Wee. — Relates to engines of the reciprocating piston type, and of the class in which the distribution of the motive-fluid is effected by a valve-like action of the main piston. The apparatus may be applied to horse-clipping and sheep-shearing machines, and can be worked by compressed air, steam, heated air, water, or gas. The supply and exhaust pipes c, h, b^, Figs. 1 and 3, open into the middle of the cylinder, the ports being arranged transversely with the steam port in the middle ; and in the piston are a pair of longitudinal grooves g^, f^, communicating with passages /, g opening at opposite ends of the piston. The change from steam to exha'ist and vice versa at each end of the stroke is effected by a partial rotation of the piston caused by a fixed roller stop e^ engaging with the ends of a rhomboidal depression h in the piston. The piston is packed by end rings and longitudinal strips backed by some resilient substance. In. Fig. 10 the application of the invention to sheep shears is shown ; the lettering of the parts is the same as in Figs. 1 and 3. 61 1891] ABRIDaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1891 20,50'?. Tyler, P. B. Bridles ; stopping and controlling run- away and restive horses. — Relates to bridles with nostril- compressing appa- ratus t o control runaway and un- manageable horses. The noseband is secured at its ends to tubular pieces connected by an adjustable mouth-bar, and containing spring slides which are operated by a chain running through the hollow reins to the driver. Fig. 7 shows a part of a tubular piece H, with one of the slides L"'. To each slide there is pivoted a system of jointed links W, W, W, N^ the link N' being jointed to the slide L'», and the link N" to the tube H. On pull- ing the slide the knob W is forced against the hor&e's nostril. 20,684. ItlcQuat, A. VH. Nov. 27. Nosebags. — A tripod is fixed to the bottom of the bag 5, to support it from the ground. The tripod consists of two legs 9 (only one is shown) united by a cross-bar 11, and a third leg 10, to which is hinged the hook 13 taking into the 5" v^^w FlQ.l. -/S^ cross-bar 11. All the legs are hinged to the rigid base of the bag to enable them to fold up, the catch 18 keeping them in the folded position. 20,832. nXoffat, J., and Virtue, W. W. Nov. 30. I'rA^ ^ J)7,J£^ '7/ 2/) \I6 3 /pers and ^■he like. — Relates to sheep - shearing ma- chines which have a cutter reciprocating above a comb. The cutter is actuated by cranks on a shaft driven by a rotary motor. The cutter E is actuated 66 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. 1892 by a lever H, Figs. 5 and 7, to which it is connected by pins H^. This lever is slotted at H^ for the pin A.^, and is actuated by the lever D carrying a pin fitting into the hole H^ By this means a " drawing cut " is given to the blades E. The lever H may be dispensed with, if desired. The lever D is pivoted at its centre on the pin D^ screw- ing into the casing A and a cap D^. A roller D'' on the lever bears against the pin. The tension of the lever on the cutters is adjusted by a spring G fixed by a screw G^ to the lever D and formed with a roller G^ bearing on the cap D^. The cap is held loosely to the lever by an arm D*", so that, by un- screwing the cap through the opening A'', the lever and tension spring are raised together and afber the cutter E has been sharpened may be replaced with the tension unaltered. The crank shaft C, Fig. 2, in a line with the lever D, Fig. 5, carries a disc C with a curved rim from which project pins engaging slots in the ring C to which are hinged the vanes C^. These parts are arranged eccentric- ally in the box B, so that the vanes are closed automatically as shown. The working fluid eaters the box at B' and escapes at B^. 1201. Karringrton, C. Jan. 21. Horse clippers and the like. — The lower cutter is carried by the bar B, and the upper cutter is worked by the pivoted lever D which is actuated by a crank-pin E moving in a slot in the lever. The crank-pin is fixed to a wheel E^ connected by a train of gearing to two spring drums. The motion is regulated by fliers connected by a train of wheels with the driving-gear. The wheel E^ is grooved for a band brake F operated by the bell- crank lever G and the lever G". The horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever is situated in the looped handle H so that, on grasping the handle, the brake is released and the machine begins to work. The Provisional Specification states that the cutter lever D may be worked by a cam. 1766. Wilton, H. S. Jan. 29. Saddles, ladies'. The object is to enable a lady to adjust the girth without dis- mounting. The lower end of the flap A is held down to the girth F by a hook E and eye G, or any other readily- releasable fastening. The hook is carried by a strap attached to the flap at B, and having a rubber &c. spring at C. By this means the lady can readily undo and raise the flap so as to reach and adjust the girth buckles beneath. FIC.3. 1968. Binns, G-. A. Feb. 2. Combs for dogs, FIG. 2. horses, &c. The metal teeth A, in one or more rows, pass through the wooden frame or handle B and the metal strip D, which is recessed therein to prevent warping. P 13662 1998. Brown, J. E. Breeching. — A broad strap 0 is stretched across the shafts A, A behind the horse's hind quarters, to serve as a breech- ing - strap, and to prevent kicking. The strap may be fixed directly to the shafts, or to the kicking strap B by D -fastenings D as shown. 2021. Newall, J. W. Feb. 2. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to flexible shafts consisting of a series of rigid sections con- nected by bevel-wheels, as described in- Specifica- tion No. 13,332, A.D. 1891, and applicable for driving clipping or shearing and other machines. The driving-shaft carries a spur-wheel 8 gearing with a pinion 9 on a short shaft 10 which is con- nected to the upper section 26 of the flexible shaft by rose-wheels 33, 33* and runs in a sleeve 32^ capable of rotation in the bearing 12. This is jointed to a sleeve 32 capable of rotation about the sheath 30, and formed with the eye large enough to allow the rose-wheel 33* to be drawn through it for disconnecting. On the end of the sheath and free to rotate is secured a sleeve 35 carrying a pin 36 which engage in a bayonet slot '67 E 2 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 in the sleeve 32 ; the latter is also clamped on the former in any suitable way. This arrangement may be adapted for connecting the different no sections of the sheath and for connecting the last section to the tool. Bushes of lead or fibre &c. are interposed between the bearing bushes of the shaft and the sheath, to absorb vibration. 2069. Saston, H. Feb. 3. Bridles. — The reins c, either for riding or driving, instead of being fixed directly to the bit are passed over rollers b on short straps a and carried back to hooks e on the saddle &c. 2282. Bond, E., and G-ood- f ell o w , J. Feb. 5. Stirrups, safety. The stirrup con- sists essentially of three pieces, namely, the tread a and side h, formed with an eye at its upper end ; the top part d with the eye d^ for the stirrup strap and the side c hinged to the tread ; and, lastly, the cross-bar e hinged to the top of the side c and provided with a pin e^ to connect the side b and top part d. An adjustable spring/ prevents the cross-bar e from turning too readily. The stirrup is opened out to release the rider's foot by the pressure of his foot against the cross-bar e. 2297. Mills, T. W. Feb. 6. PIC.3 <>^^^^^^^^^^'<^^^-;^^^^^ Collars, neck. — Relates ' to a machine for making hame caps or coverings. The caps are made from strips of sheet metal pressed between two or more pairs of tools which form the strip to the required shape, thus : '^■^ , in two or more stages. Fig. 3 shows the pair of tools for the first operation, namely, that of grooving the strip. The grooved lower tool 2 is bolted to the frame, and the upper tool which fits into it is hinged at 5 and re- ciprocated by a cam 17 acting against the re- movable wearing-surfaces 20, 21, as shown. The side 11 of the frame of the upper tool may be removable. The cam shaft 14 is driven from the main shaft by spur gearing. 2315. Upton, W. S., Vpton, E. R., and Upton, A. C. Feb. 6. Whips. — The core is made of steel wire instead of whalebone. FIC2 2478. Jones, E., and Boote, K. Feb. Saddles. — The heads or pommels of ladies' saddles are made on a suitably -shaped foundation piece of metal or other material, which may be padded with felt &c., and may screw into the saddle - tree or be attached by screws to an upright already on the saddle. Figs. 1 and 2 show two views of the foundation above mentioned. pieoe 68 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &g. [1892 2701. Ewlns, W. J. Feb. 11. cf ''IC I Horse clippers and the like. — Clippers for wool and hair of the type usually employed by hair- dressers are fitted with a helical or U shaped spring for returning the handles to the open position when the grip is relaxed. The comb is fixed to one handle d which carries the pivot d''' for the handle c. The handle c has a recess for the spring e, a sleeve c" for receiving the pin cP, and a pia c^ for one end of the spring e to bear against. It has a second pin c* which takes into the cutter b and oscillates it beneath the pressure plate / held rigidly in place by nuts /^ and bolts fixed to the comb. The plate / is shaped to receive special rollers g for bearing on the reciprocating cutter b. The plate/ may be formed on the fixed lever d, and the pin c'' may be dispensed with if the recess is suitably shaped. A differently-shaped recess is used for the U-shaped spring. The Provisional Specification states that pivoted spheres may be used as rollers, and that the rollers may be placed between comb and cutter plates. 2805. Burgron, C., and Burg-on, K. Feb. 12. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to shearing or clipping machines such as are described in Specification No. 5317, A.D. 1891. The pin D upon which the lever C vibrates is fixed to a piece E -pivoted to the casing at / and connected by a plate k and forked lever I to the adjusting-nut m, which is locked in position by a spring j;) carrying a pin to engage with holes m^ in the nut. The lever C carries a conical roller i which bears upon the tail of the plate E. The removable crosshead c for holding the cutter b is made with a shank to fit into a socket in the lever C, a bent spring hold- ing the parts together while allowing the crosshead to be readily removed and to adapt itself to the cutters. 3495. Iiane, B. A. Nov. 12, A.D. 1891, [date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, A.D. 18831. Saddles ; fastening saddle girths, buckle attach- ments &c. for. One end of the saddle girth D carries a buckle N, E, one bar of which is inclined as shown. A strap I connects this buckle with a loop H fixed to the strap F which is provided with buckles G for the fixing-straps C, and a strap L for keeping the strap F and girth D together. The inclined end of the strap I is buckled to the strap K within easy reach of the rider. Cords and rings may be used instead of the strap I and loops H, E. 3625. Myall, A., [Lotbiniere, A. J. de"]. Feb. 24 Stirrups. — The tread 14 is made to slide upon the legs 10 against the action of a spring or springs, which may be helical, as shown in dotted lines, or of the plate type, either in one piece or in two, as shown by 17". 3687. Klnff, P. Feb. 25. Bridles.— ThQ ends of the upper pair of reins No, 1 are passed through the bit rings C, rings A^ 69 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. ti8d2 attached to these reins, and free rinors B connect- ing them to the lower pair of reins, and are then buckled to short straps D on the riding saddle. 3742. Wincer, T. Feb. 26. S addles.— Re- Fic.i. fic.4. lates to beads or guides for the edges of the skirts of harness saddles. Figs. 1 and 4 show sections of the beads at the fixing- screws. The single bead, Fig. 1, or the double bead, Fig. 4, is formed beneath with a projection C into which the iixing-screw B is screwed. The screws may be attached to the beads by casting, or the end of the screw may be notched and the metal of a plain socket closed around it. 4015. Ziake, K. ZZ., [Holson Electric Harness and Supply Co.']. March 1. Electric harness. — Horses, whether ridden or driven, are started by passing an electric current between terminals resting on the back or other suitable place, preferably beneath the saddle, and are stopped by passing the current between ter- rdinals in the nostrils. Fig. 1 shows suitable con- nections for stopping a harness horse. The ter- minals in the nose pass through the noseband 17, the martingale 16, the girth 15, and the shafts to the induction coil 12, connected to the battery by suitable circuits having contact-pieces 23, 24, and 25, the first two being for the use of the driver and the occupant of the vehicle respectively, and the last, 25, being an automatic contact- piece which closes the circuit after the wheel has I'evolved a certain distance. 4249. Boult, A. J., [Ahl, C. A. R., and Forhrich, 0.]. March 3. Collars, fieck. — The collar is supported at the top on the neck of the animal by a saddle-shaped piece D to which a transverse screw is pivoted. The parts B ar^ connected by the screw, so that the width of the collar may be varied at the top. The width may also be varied at the bottom by a bar a provided with a series of holes into which FiC.I the hinge pins a^ may be inserted. The length of the collar may be varied by adjusting the parts B in the parts A by the set-screws h. The swivelling saddle-shaped piece D may be used with any form of horse collar. 4312. Wolseley Sheep'Shearing* ma- chine Co., [Wolseley, F. F.]. March 4 70 Horse cUxipers and the Z^'^e.— Relates to means for coupling shafts movable angularly, such as the flexible shafts of sheep-shearing machines. The rose-wheels B^, h are mounted on spindles B, b 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 formed with eyes for connecting to the respective shafts, and enclosed in the sleeves A, a terminating in jaws A', a'. These have each the form of a disc with a curved recess in the periphery, and are coupled in pairs by yokes A^ retained in place by cover-plates A fixed to the jaws A' by screv/s A^. The cover-plates are formed with lenticular pi'O- jections A^ which engage with the inner edges of the rims a^ of the jaws a'. The sleeve a may be turned on the centre of the jaws a' until the shafts are in line, when, the recess in the jaw a^ being opposite the projection A'', the parts may be dis- connected. The parts may also be rotated about the centre of the jaw A'. The arrangement of the recesses &c. may be modified. 4313. Wolseley Sheep-Shearing- Ma- chine Co., [Wolselei/, F. F.]. March 4. Horse clippers ami the like. — Relates to friction gearing for driving the flexible shafts of sheep- shearing machines &c. The driving-shaft E, carry- ing a bevel friction-wheel E', runs in a bearing formed with a vertical web D at the bottom of which is supported, in a boss D*, the bearing F of the driven shaft G. The bearing F is kept from rotating by a plate F'^ ; it is moved to and fro to throw the pinion G into and out of gear by means of a rod or chain F^ and weighted lever F'", the spindle of which carries a tooth adapted to bear on a collar F-*, secured, together with a distance-piece, on the end of the shank of the bearing and pro- vided with a rubber facing. The vertical web D of the bearing is clamped to a horizontal arm A pro- jecting from a plate bolted to the supporting- pillar, both parts being formed with slots to allow for adjustment vertically and horizontally. Angular adjustments are provided by rounding the faces of the arm and web in planes at right-angles to each other, the clamping-bolt 0 being retained by a collar in a correspondingly-formed block B. The lower end of the shaft G is turned down, Fig. 8, and provided with a stud G^ to engage a bayonet slot in the hollow end H of the flexible shaft, which is locked in position by means of a sliding ring I having two prongs adapted to engage in slots in the respective shafts. 4314. Wolseley Sheep-Shearing- Ma- chine Co., [Wolseley, F. F.]. March 4. Et9Ji FIG.I. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to sheep- shearing machines. The lever C for reciprocating the cutter D is pivoted on the head A^ of a screw in the casing, and is actuated by an inclined crank- pin Bi"with frusto-conical roller B". The lever C has pivoted to it at C" in a recess in its centre a lever C^ which bears on the centre of the cutter D. Pressure is put upon the central lever C^, and through it also upon the main lever C, by a rod E in connection with an adjusting-screw E\ A ball- and-socket joint El is formed between the rod and screw. The screw E^ takes into a nut E^ fixed, to the casing, and is rotated by a sleeve E^" which is locked by teeth on its lower edge forced into en- gagement with similar teeth on the nut by the spring E". In a modification, the adjusting-screw E" is arranged almost in a line with the rod E, and the lower part of the cutter bearing the comb is hinged to the upper and acted on at the rear by a screwed cone so as to give a fine adjustment to the comb with respect to the cutter. 4491. Xiake, H. K., [Kelley, H. E.]. March 7. Dog collars formed of sheet -metal chain- work. A flat blank of the form shown is folded so as to bring the slotted ends to- gether ; one end of the next blank is then passed into the slot, and the blank is drawn up ind folded, and so on. In a modified form of blank, the neck e is formed at one end only. 71 1892] .ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 4635. Duly, W. H. March 9. ■ Stirrup sti-ajJS, sus2)encling, safety saddle-bars for. The bar F on which the stirrup leather is hung is pivoted on a pin fixed to the back plate C. A spring D keeps the end of the bar in the socket K until an unusual strain occurs, when the bar is liberated and is free to turn on its pivot or to be lifted off it. A chain prevents the bar from being lost. 4725. Trees, J., and Srace 4c Co., K. March 10. Saddles. — The saddle-tree is made entirely of steel or other metal. Fig. 7 shows an eleva- tion of the saddle with the skirts of the seat removed, and Fig. 5 shows a section of the tree on the line a-b, Fig. 7. The tree consists of a metal seat plate A, Fig. 5, beneath which are riveted bearing plates C^, C^. The plate A is riveted in front to the top of the front plate D, Fig. 7, and also connected to it by the side plates B^ carrying the saddle - bars. The front plate D is formed with a groove for a strengthening-bar F^ run- ning nearly the whole length of it. , A shorter strengthening-bar running parallel to the first is also riveted to the front plate D. The seat plate A is covered with felt &c., and then with blocked leather H sewn on. The flaps are riveted at j to the front plate D, and are provided with flaps ^\ P which are sewn to the side bars B^ and to loops respectively. The panel is fixed in front by screws which pass through holes n\ by sewing or lacing at g, by lacing at s, and by a loop connected to the crupper hook p. 5060. Arcularius, A., March 15. and Hung'er, O. Dog leashes. — Relates to leashes for slipping dogs. The holding - cord i s formed with loops, at in- tervals, into any one of which a terminal button may be inserted so that the cord may be securely held. Fig. 3 shows a sec- tion of the slip - hook. The hook proper c is pivoted at h to the barrel a, which has a spring g to close the mouth of the hook and a ring I for the holding cord. A sleeve/, actuated by a spiral spring, slides upon the barrel. The sleeve is attached to the releasing-cord /, and carries a finger ^p which enters a peculiarly-shaped recess q in the hook proper c. The hook may be attached to the dog's collar by using it like an FIC.3 ordinary snap-hook. On pulling the cord i the sleeve/ is drawn back, thus allowing the hook to fall open, the finger /j at the same time giving the hook an initial tilt. On releasing the cord i, the hook returns to its original position. 3250. Cooper, W. March 17. Stirrup str ap s, suspending, safety saddle - bars for. The stirrup strap is attached to a loop B, which is held normally in the hook C of the plate A by a conical stud D attached to a spring at the back of the plate A. Fic.r 72 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 5284ii Bucking-ham, J. March 17. Draw- ings to Specification. Bridles. — The hand parts of reins are made in such a way as to prevent them from slipping through the hands in cold or wet weather. For this purpose tubes of rubber &c., roughened or otherwise, are drawn over the reins and secured by lacing, cementing, &c., or strips of the same ma- terial are let into the sides of the reins or bound along their edges. the kidney link of the hames and with an eye for a chain d passing to the end of the pole. 6055. Kaas, Si K. March 29. Tugs, shaft ; fas- tening back and belly bands. The tug consists of a hook A with chan- nelled back a^, to which the spring tongue B is pivoted at h. This tongue is formed at the back with a projection h which confines the shaft to the lower part of the tug. The backhand F is fixed to the tug by a pin / taking into one of the holes /-, and after pass- ing along the chan- nelled back projects beneath the tug, as shown. The bellyband d is secured to a transverse pin behind the tug. A leather plate or strap I, through slots in the ends of which the backhand and bellyband pass, may be used to bear against the side of the animal. -^^. ]pgi: % ■t 6233. Large, P. T. S. March 31. Yokes, neck ; fas- tening hames. Re- lates to pole yokes and fittiugs for two - wheeled ve- hicles. Besides the splinter bars attached to the body of the vehicle, a steel bar or yoke h is attached to the pole ]3 at a slight distance from its free end. The yoke b is fixed to a block which slides on a bole c fixed beneath the pole. Upon the yoke are sliding pieces A, h provided with a hook for engaging with 6721. Godfrey, M. F. April 7. Fastening. — Consists of a button and loop fasten ^'^ ing for harness &c. The button consists of two discs a, b separated by a cylindrical shank c. The disc b is secured to the article by sewing or by means of a supplementary disc e. The disc a may have a turned-over edge or recessed back. The loop may be flexible, or may consist of a five- si d e d frame, either divided as shown to secure with a spring action or having springs attached inside the frame to embrace the shank c. 6894. Kartt, May 2. Fastening pole- chains &c., hooks for. Slip-hooks for harness pole-chains &G. consist of two jaws a, b, shaped as shown, and pivoted together at 0. The jaws are held in the closed position by a ring or sleeve rf, which slides on the shanks «!, ¥. The shanks together form a bar of the same section as the jaws or the upper part of the shank a^ carrying the shackle e. ., and Watson, S> 6973. Schroeder, C. April 12. /Saddles; pads. — Pads for harness saddles and other parts of harness consist of a backing A of leather, to which rubber &c. is attached in such a way that there are many points of contact with the 73 lBd2] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 animal with intervening spaces for ventilation. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the rubber is in the form of tubes C which are held in place by metal troughs D with turned-down ends rf, these troughs being riveted to the backing. In the form shown in Fig. 7, the rubber G has a sinuous form, as shown. The pads are attached to the harness by straps B. 7006. Talte, J. C, and Carlton, T. W., [Wesilake, A. P.]. April 12. Saddles. —The panels consist of a backing 1 of metal &c. and an outer covering 2 of leather o r other flexible material, between which parts there are springs 3. The panels are detach ably secured to the tree by pins 7 passing through eye-bolts 5, 5, as shown. The whole panel is preferably formed in sections, any one of which may be removed if the back of the horse beneath it has become sore. Separate springs may be removed for the same purpose. The outer or inner side of the covering 2 may be covered with felt, thus rendering a numnah unnecessary. 7030. Dailey, J. K., Williams, C. J., and Bohr, Xi. K. April 12. TIZET Clothing for animals. — The blanket has the form shown, and is thickened round the neck a by stitching it round a separate piece or otherwise, and at the part C where the blanket is kept from contact with the lower part of the neck. Bands B, F, D, D in the position shown and provided with fastenings keep the blanket in position. The bands D, D are held down by loops E, E which may be in a piece with the band F, A gap a'* is cut for the lower part of the tail. 7038. Schmit, J. April 12. 'b nc.4. Runaway horses, releasing; fastening traces. Fig. 4 shows in part plan a single-horse vehicle with the invention applied thereto. The splinter- bar or swing-bar is hollow, and encloses spring bolts which project from the ends at a, «• and serve to attach the shafts to the vehicle. The traces are attached to fasteners 6, &' which are fitted into slots in the swing-bar and are held therein by projections on the bolts a, a}. When the horses are to be detached, the shafts and traces are released by drawing the spring bolts together inside the tubular bar. This is effected by means of levers S, S' working in slots in the bar and attached to the bolts. The levers are pivoted on a fixed centre E, and are connected to links C, C^ jointed to a rod B which can be actuated by a cam in a case A, the cam being rotated by a suit- able key within reach of the driver. Similar apparatus may be adapted for two and four horse vehicles. 7130. Gloster, T., and Banks, B. AprU 13. Stirrups, safety. Fig. 3 shows the stirrup in the open position. The tread consists of two parts A^, A^ hinged to the bow B^, B^ and overlapping one another when in position. There is also a tongue a' on one pari which fits into a groove a'' on the other part. The tread is held in its closed position by an inner bow C hinged to the outer bow at d, d and provided at its ends with hooks c' to engage with the tread. The hook engaging with the part A' may be omitted. The pressure of the rider's foot upon the inner bow causes it to turn into the position shown. I 724^. Burg'on, C, and Burgron, K. April 14. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to sheep &c. clippers such as are described in Specificition No. 2805, A.D. 1892, and more especially to the 74 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 mounting of the parts which bear upon the upper cutter and to the pivot for the actuating-lever. Fig. 1 shows an elevation, partly in section, of the clipper. The lever C is hollowed in front to con- tain the pin F' of the spring F which presses upor 74:67. G-asking-, A. J. April 20. FIC.I. the upper cutter B, and the lever C is fitted into the sleeve D^ of the forked crosshead d which has two prongs arranged one on each side of the spring F, A pin / passes through a slot in the sleeve D' so as to allow it to turn on its axis, and through the lever C and pin F^ The lever C works on the cylindrical nut H, which is provided with ball bearings as shown, and is screwed upon the pin G, being locked upon it by driving a conical drift into the hole g or by lock-nuts. The pin G is made in a piece with the part E pivoted to the casing at e and adjusted by a nut and link as described in the former Specification. 7277. Glossop, J. April 16. Horse hreahing and training harness. — Relates to dumb jockeys for use in breaking-in or forming the mouths of young horses. Fig. 2 shows a side view of part of the dumb-jockey; when in position the horse's head would be to the right of Fig. 2. The dumb-jockey consists of two arms A, A^ pivoted together at h so as to have the form of the letter X in front view. The arms A^ below the pivot are padded to fit the horse's back, carry loops for the guiding-reins, and are attached to the girth. The arms A above the pivot are hinged at e, and the two parts of each arm A are connected together by straps g, h and a rubber or other spring /, from which there passes a strap m to the tail band. Reins / are fixed to the top of the arms a and to the bit. As the horse moves its head sideways or extends its neck, one or both of the arms. a turn outwards, at the same time exerting an elastic pull. FIG II f ,0 c c c ^^ i Fastening straps, coup- lings for. The ends of the lengths of straps &c. to be joined are slit at c, c, c and perforated at rf, fZ, d ; the tongues so formed are turned a t right-angles, those at one end of the strap inserted between those of the other, and a pin E passed through the perforations. To produce a flat strap, the tongues are turned alternately to the right and to the left ; to pro- duce a concave strap, the adjacent tongues on one side of the belt are turned one way and those on the other side the other way The tongues may be tapered and rounded at the ends, and may be of different widths. The pins may be in two or more lengths and may be hollow ; they may be oval in section, or two pins may be used, side by side. Wires, laces, or cords may be used instead of pins. ky^i/1/i/vg 7551. Kag-ue, Zi., and Bolles, W. April 21. Horse-loots with anti-interfering attachments. The boot consists of pads B, B, C connected by buckled straps A which pass through loops b and beneath the outer leather surface of the pad 0. Tubes D are placed on the straps A to prevent chafing. The pad C has riveted to it the anti- interfering device E, which consists of a solid rubber rod or of a leather tube containing a spiral spring m. 7762. Tkoxxlt, A.. 3., [Mayer, A.]. April 25. Stirrups, safety .—Fig. 4 shows a plan of the top of the bow, and Fig. 5 the detachable eye. The eye C is formed with hooked lugs c which are adapted to fit into the vertical slot b in the top of the bow B and be held therein by a J-shaped pin D, which passes through a transverse slot and 75 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [I8d2 is attached to a spring bow E which lies in front of and is riveted to the main bow B. If a fall FIC.4 f ic 5 occurs, the rider's foot presses the two bows together into the position shown, and so liberates the stirrup from its eye C. 7894. Elliott, a. W. April 27. Whijys. — The different lengths of the stocks of whips &c. A^, A^, A' are made of steel &g. of a star-shaped cross-section C. For the handle A the angles may be filled up with wood, as shown at F, or it may be made of a tube with reduced ends. rr\ 8237. Hirst, T. May 2. Halters.— The noseband B i s tipped with leather &c. C, and one end of the head- strap E passes through a slot D in one of the leather pieces and is adjusted by a buckle or^clasp A. 8844. Handy, G. May 10. Rein holders. — The object is to prevent animals attached to vehicles from running away when left unattended. Grooved ratchet-wheels a are attached to the naves of the front wheels, and the reins are attached to the pin h of the pawl g, [which ig mounted upon a band d sliding in the groove of the ratchet-wheel. The pawl may be thrown out of action by a spring o, or by a sliding plate I mounted upon the band d. "When the horse moves forwards, the ratchet-wheels move in the direction of the arrow, and the reins are tightened. 8994. Smith, C. A. Oct. 31, A.D. 1891, [date claimed wider Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, A.D. 1883^. FIC.3. Nosebags. — Relates to the construction of feed- ing-troughs, mangers, nosebags, and similar feeding- appliances. Fig. 3 shows a manger in section. The bottom, which is preferably in all cases of metal, is made with a number of hemispherical projections 3, to prevent the animal from eating the corn too quickly and without sufficient mastication. 9144. Kennedy, O. May 13 Fastening check reins. The strap 20 is connected at its for- ward end to the bear- ing or check rein, and passes backwards be- tween the rollers 13 of the strap guide and beneath a roller on the pawl 15 which is pivoted at 16 to the bracket 14 and is provided with a projection 18 to engage with the catch 19 fixed to the strap 20. To uncheck the horse, the driver pulls the strap 20 slightly, and then gently releases it. To check the horse, the strap 20 is pulled till the catch 19 is slightly beyond the pro- jection 18, and is then let go suddenly. 7G 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 9269. Boult, A. J., [.UcCaU, A.]. May 16. Stopp/7ig and co)i- trolling runaioay or restive horses ; rein Jwlders. — A strap or chain a is con- nected to the shaft or other part of the vehicle, and is looped round the felloe of the wheel and the reins e, being held in posi- tion by a hook c and loop d. A ring /"secures the reins to a snap-hook g on the vehicle, while allowing the reins to run freely through the ring. If the horse moves backwards or for- wards a strain is put on the wheel, and hence on the horse, while in the case of forward movement a strain is also put on the horse's mouth by the reins. 9353. Thompson, J. A. May 17. Horse clippers and the ViTce. — Relates to a p - pliances for gathering the leaves, sprigs, or shoots from tea bushes. The . appliance is in the form of a kuife, hook, sickle, clipper, or shears, with a receptacle composed of a plate a with sides d, and attached to the cutting blade or blades to collect the cut shoots. Fig. 4 shows a pair of ordinary shears h with the receptacle attached. 9720. Ashberry, P., and Barnes, W. May 23. FIC 3 f^^ f I C 6. riC4. Horse clippers and the like. — Fig. 3 shows a sec- tion across the pivot of the actuating-lever, and Figs. 6 and 9 show the means for jointing the cutter to the part in which the flexible shaft works. The_ actuating-] ever A oscillates on ball bearings G between the pressure plate C and the head of the bolt B supported on the casing T by a ball-and- socket joint. In the place of this joint, the plate C may carry trunnions at H to fit into slots in the upper part of the casing. The plate C is pressed down by means of an adjustable screw passing through the casing and fitting into the depression F, This pressure is commimicated to the lever, and thence to the upper cutter. The sleeve T, Fig. 6, of the flexible shaft is connected to the clipper by a pin joint, the two opposite pins of which are connected by a bow spring Q or by a bolt and nut. The flexible shaft carries a wheel R formed with ball-shaped teeth to fit into a wheel, Fig. 9, having a number of sockets as shown. 10,053. Bushby, W. C. May 27. ^/'W I ■ i- ^ PIC.8- TO rrv Runaway horses, releasing ; fastening traces &c. Fig. 6 shows a sectional plan of part of the releasing-device as applied to a pair-horse vehicle. The traces are attached to hooks g^ fixed to plates g^ which embrace the bar a and are connected together by pins K^. The pins h^ work in L-shaped slots in the bar a which may be slid to and fro in brackets /^\ /'^^ by a lever d. Fig. 6 shows the parts in the releasing position. Fig. 8 shows a plan of the releasing-device as applied to a one- horse vehicle. The shafts m. and trace hooks n are held in the brackets h by bolts I, which may be drawn by a chain provided with a suitable handle for the driver. The end of the pole may carry an open fork for the pole-chains. 10,294. Jonas, J. May 30. Clippers. — Ap- paratus for pluck- ing tea consists of two com b-like blades, pivoted to- gether and provided with means for holding the shoots which are cut off until the blades are separated a g a i n. The blades A, B are pivoted at C. The handle D is fixed to A whilst the handle E is pivoted to A at F and an extension engages with a pin G on the blade B. Springs H tend to force the handles apart. The shoots are held when cut between the edges of the blade B and plates J fixed to plates J^ pivoted on A at Kand forced outwards by springs L. nc 1 77 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [18921 10,795. Nelson, T. G., Gelabert, W. P., and Smith, J. J. June 7. Fastening straps, buckle attachments and loop? for. The metal loop has the form shown in Fig. 1, and is attached close up to or at a slight distance from the buckle C, Fig. 2, by the strap B riveted in one or in two places by rivets c. Straps may be passed through the loops a^, a?, Fig. 2, as shown. 10,826. French, C. B. June 8. Stopping runaway horses. — The horse is controlled by a throat band /, which is kept in place by the strap e connected to the ordi- nary throat strap and to the hames. The throat baud is operated so as to press on the animal's windpipe by means of reins b. The throat band is of T- section and encloses a curved metal strip. 11,172. Iiake, Feed-Basket Co.]. Nosebags. — The sides a of the bag are composed of wire cloth held in a metal frame 3, 4, 5. The strip 3 is of trough section, and encloses the edges of the wire cloth and of the canvas &c. part 10, which are wrapped round a rod within the strip 3. The upper part 12 is of cloth, and may be drawn round the animal's nose by a string. K. K., [ Williams' Folding June 14. FIG. I 11,460. Haines, J. B. to Specification. June 18. Drawings Pads; saddles; collars, neck; collars, breast^ breeching. — The padding consists of inflated rubber &c. bags used either alone or in combination with other padding. These bags are attached by a cloth covering them and stitched to the leather part, or by staples. The pads are stated to be applicable to riding and cart saddles, cruppers, breast and neck collars, and to girths and other straps. 11,510. Moodle, T. S. Nov. 21, A.D. 1891, [date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents <&c. Act, A.D. 1883]. flC.2. Fastening traces, backhands, breeching, &c. The traces/ are permanently attached at their rear ends to a whipple-tree or other draught device on the shafts. On each shaft a is mounted near its front end a horizontal rod 6^ on which slides a sleeve recessed at its upper portion for a spring bolt e which secures a plate D to the sleeve c by passing through the eye d on the plate. The front end of the trace/ is permanently attached to the sleeve c. The plate D is supported by the backhand i, and serves to connect the breeching h and the pulling- straps g with the sleeve c. Thus, to release the horse from the vehicle, it is only necessary to with- draw the spring bolt e and disconnect the plate D from the sleeve c. If the horse is unmanageable, the driver can release him by pulling back the bolt e by means of a cord. 11,534. Fell, W. T. Collars, neck ; fastening collars, spring catches for. The collar is di- vided at the top and tends to spring open by reason of a metal rod a which takes the place of the forewale and is covered with leather. The rod ^ a preferably takes the place of the hames also. The afterwale is made in the usual manner. Fig. 3 shows the fastening for the ends of the June 20. 78 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 rod a. It consists of an eye and a spring catch provided with a push h, which is locked by a U-shaped slide g. 11,902. Fischer, C. !•. June 25. Tugs^ shaft ; fas- tening. — Fig. 2 shows a longi- tudinal section of the tug which con- sists of a U-shaped piece h of metal covered with lea- ther to which are hinged a buckle e, a loop c, and a cover or locking- piece g. The back and laelly band passes through the buckle e and loop c. The piece g is lined with india-rubber &c. h to prevent injury to the shaft a, and encloses a spring locking-bolt i which may be drawn back by a sfcudj. The piece g is formed with a projection q to catch against the projection r so as to prevent the arms of the U -shaped piece h from spreading apart. 12,022. Schweim, G. J., and W. June 28. Schweim, Currycombs. — The comb is provided with a clean- ing-device which consists of a number of plates e arranged on each side of the blades K and fixed to a frame B. The blades are carried by a frame which can be moved towards or away from the frame B by linkwork H, H^ Either frame may be attached to the handle A. 13,033. Hedg-es, C. July 15 Preventing horses from falling. — Two slings F passed round the horses are suspended from a yoke or bar E supported above the shafts of the vehicle. The shafts are prevented from moving dowawards by tie-rods or suitable strengthening-devices. The form of the supporting yoke or bar may be varied. 13,140. Sog-le, A. K. July 18. PIGS. Saddles for transporting machine guns &c. The object is to steady the load by supporting it on arms bearing against the lowest part of the saddle. Two forms of saddle are described, in which, re- spectively, a single load is supported centrally over the animal's back, or two loads are supported, placed one on each side. Fig. 5 shows the latter form. Each load s rests in forks at the extremities of the uprights b, b, which are guided in arms r, r and press upon springs in sockets q, q fixed to the part n of the framework. The framework consists of bars m, I, l\ n and adjustable side bars k, beneath which is the padded part a resting on the animal's back. The saddle is attached to the animal by straps t, x, v), and v, as shown, the girth 10 bearing on the ribs of the animal. In the saddle for supporting a single central load the arms b meet over the back of the animal. 79 1892] ABKIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 13,483. Murdoch, R. BE. July 23. Fastening traces and pole-chains, slipping-devices for. The pole-chains, traces, or other parts of the harness are fastened by a slipping-device which admits of their being readily released if the horse falls. Fig. 1 shows the device as fitted to the end of the pole h. It consists of a socket a carrying two pivoted arms d which are threaded through the end links of the pole-chains. The free ends of these arms ai-e closed on the socket and held fast by a collar g^ carried by a knob g on the end of a spring plunger h. The arms can be quickly released by pulling out the knob ; or one arm can be released, while the other is held fast, by rotating the knob until a slot in the collar g^ comes opposite to the arm. 13,599. Pass, July 26. E. de, \_Avoid, A. cV]. Fastening horse-boots. Relates to a spring metal band for retaining in position the leather or flannel " stockings " sometimes worn by horses. Fig. 1 shows a section on the line A — A', Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 a plan. The metal band is somewhat in- curved in cross-section, and adapted to be opened out to be sprung round the leg of the horse. It may have studs h on either side to engage with buttonholes in the stocking &c. 13,651. Iiaixr- son, G-. July 27. Bridles and halters. — The front or forehead piece B has a number of streamers C to pre- vent flies &c. from settling round the horse's eyes. 13,823. Daviau, J. July 29. Animals., stocJcs and like appliances for holding ; slings, lifting ayid like.— The _ apparatus is for " throwing " animals, and consists of a platform to which the animal can be strapped and which may be turned from a vertical to a horizontal position, carrying the animal with it. The slinging &c. harness consists of a wide bellyband, secured by two girths, a front strap, and breeching. Fig. 1 shows a side view of the apparatus. The platform B carries rollers x, x^ and pulleys /^ /^ for the ropes /^ to which the animal is attached by ropes /2 connected to loops at the top of the girths. The rollers are turned by worm gearing d^ and bevel gearing e, eK Suitable holes and belaying pins are arranged for attaching the head and feet of the animal. The ends of the platform consist of flaps C, C hinged at ??, n and provided with stays for making them rigid. The platform is pivoted in 80 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 open bearings at each end s' to the fixed frame b, and can be turned into a horizontal position on one bearing and then turned up again on the other. The means for turning the table consist of rods I connecting the platform to right and left handed nuts running on opposite ends of the screwed rod /, which may be rotated by a hand-wheel D through suitable gearing. In some cases, as during an umbilical operation, the legs of the animal are separately connected to cords passing over pulleys on the top of the four bars of a pyramidal frame -which fits on to the platform. Two of these bars may be used as shafts for drawing the apparatus from place to place upon the wheels g, g. 13,898. Martin, P. A. July 30. FiZ.Z. Saddles. — Relates to an automatic pum ping- device for inflating cycle tyres, velocipede and other saddles, and the like, and also to relief or safety valves for use with such apparatus. Fig. 2 shows the application to a pneumatic tyre, the application to saddles being substantially similar. A collapsable tubular chamber d is fitted to the inside of the tyre, and communicates with the external atmosphere through a tube g and with a second chamber e^ through a valve d^. This latter chamber communicates with the interior of the tyre through the valve. Thus, as the wheel rotates, the alternate collapse and expansion of the chamber d forces air into the tyre. The relief valve consists of a tubular stem fitted to the tyre, and having an outlet into the air, closed either by a spring valve or by a rubber cap held in place by a spring ring. 14,213. Raffloer, J. Aug. 6. Spurs, making. The Y-shaped blank z, while gripped between the jaws ¥, ¥, is acted on by the die g ot a. power- ful fly screw press so as to curve the arms z to the form shown in Fig. 3. The jaws b- are pivoted at / and carrv pins d which are operated upon by cam slots in the disc c pivoted at a and provided with a lever handle x. The die g has a recess m for the pin k with which the blank may f 13^02 81 be provided, and has hooks or projections v, v for engaging with the blank and drawing it up when the screw of the press is reversed. 14,214. Raffloer, J. Aug. 6, r«c 6. Spurs, making. The object is to convert the Y-shaped blanks described in Specification No. 14,215, A.D. 1892, and shown in Fig. 3, into T- shaped blanks, Fig. 6. Fig, 1 shows an elevation of part of the machine employed, which consists of a vice actuated by the hand-wheel d and attached to the rod v, by which it is moved between slides m into a position beneath the pressing-roll/ on the lower end of the screw spindle g provided with the hand-wheel h. The rod v is reciprocated by a crank on the shaft w geared to the pulley shaft as shown. The stem of the heated Y-shaped blank is first gripped in the vice, and the arms of the blank are roughly hammered down. The blank is then moved beneath the roll /, by which the finished blank, Fig. 6, is formed. 14,215. Raffloer, J. Aug. 6. nc.2. Spurs, making. The object is to ?plit and open 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 out the end of a heated cylindrical bar to form a Y-shaped blank. Fig. 2 shows a side elevation of part of the apparatus, and Fig. 4 a plan of the slide/, Fig. 1, with its adjacent parts. The ma- chine consists of a knife h reciprocated by a crank on the shaft d and a pair of jaws a grooved to receive the heated rod. The jaws are pivoted at X, X to lateral slides v, v and are acted on exter- nally by rollers h, h fixed to the longitudinal slide f, which derives its motion from the knife slide y through linkwork. As the splitting proceeds the knife forces out the ends of the Y-shaped blank against the rear ends of the jaws a, a, which are separated by the r Jlers h, Ji. 14,729. Head, J. S. Sept. 20. o^ Stirrup strajis, nuspending, safety saddle-bars for, particularly applicable to ladies' side saddles. The stirrup leather i is attached to the link h, which is formed with a tongue j to prevent the link from turning round. The link h is supported by the hook Z» on a plate a which is riveted to the saddle- tree. A plate formed in two parts rf, e hinged together at / is pivoted at c to the plate a and covers the opening to the hook h. When the rider is mounted a leather flap provided with a suitable metal piece is pressed by the thigh against the plate e, and prevents the link h from leaving the hook I. If, however, the rider is thrown, the plate e turns sideways or upwards and liberates the link. The plate e is prevented from moving while the rider is in the act of mounting by means of a tab fixed to the flap and passing through a loop on the stirrup leather, or the plate c may be formed with a tongue e' for the same object. 15,139. Johnson, J. Y., {Brown & Skarpe Manufacturing Co.]. Aug. 23. ' ric.5 Horse clippers and the like. — Figs. 5 and 6 show respectively a vertical and a horizontal section through the head of the clipper. One handle is fixed to the part F carrying the comb plate A ; the other handle C is pivoted at E and takes into the cutter B. A spiral spring S close to the pivot bears against the handle C by means of the inter- vening piece s. The end of the recess in which the spring is placed is preferably made separately, as shown at T, and the end of the recess preferably overhangs the piece s so as to limit its outward movement wh(n the handle C is removed. The face against M'hich the rear end of the spring bears may be inclined to make the spring take a truly axial direction. The cutter B is slotted at b for pms p, 2)^ either fixed to the comb plate A or to the cover-plate D. This plate bears at two points on the cutter B, and at one point Z at the rear on the frame F. It is held down by a nut G and spring washer g. A space is left between the cover-plate D and the hub of the lever C which bears beneath an overhanging part of the frame F. FIG. 2. 15,184. Baker, F. T. K.. Aug. 23. Dog leashes. — A hook is formed with a sloping point C and with a barrel B terminating in a loop D for the usual strap. Within the barrel slides a spring bolt E' formed with a sloping end E^ and with a ring K for the releasing-cord. The ring on the dog's collar is engaged with the hook by pressing it against the sloping part E^, one hand only being necessary for this operation. The dog is released by pulling back the spring bolt E^ 15,215. Wilton, W. P. Aug. 24. \ 82 Saddles. — In side saddles, a third support A, detachable or otherwise, is placed in the position 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c [1892 sho^n to receive the pressure of the calf of the leg. 15,478. Parker, P. Aug. 29. Fasfe)ii)/g traces and pole-chains, slipping- d e V i ce s for. The pole cap or each end of the splinter bar &c . is fitted with a spring bolt c which holds in place an eye e for the trace or two eyes for the pole-chains. The bolt is withdrawn by a cord passing from the eye / to a lever within reach of the driver. By this device fallen horses may be immediately released. ?MM>/?//M/////////////mf^^ net rn ' ■■■:;'^%^ "^^ ;^glL:^:^i^^^L^i^i^4i^ii:M^ 7^ 15,716. Vollmann, H. Sept. 1. Dog collars and leashes. — The ends of the dog collar a are secured together by an eye b and spring catch r?, the bolt e of which is secured by a cord h to the spring plunger 0. The cord h is Enclosed in a flexible tube /, as shown. The spring plunger ohas a neck r against which two spring bolts t are forced. These bolts are en- gaged bv two levers u pivoted to the plate h, which is fixed by a loop to FlC 4 15,811. Boswell, ». W. Sept. 3. Whips. — The whip stock is made of solid-drawn metallic tubes. the hunter's waist belt. The spring of the plunger is made stronger than that of the catch d, so that, on pressing the levers u together, the catch is drawn back and the dog released. In attaching a dog to the leash the plunger O is first pushed inwards and locked, and then the catch d is free to snap into the loop h on the collar. P 13662 83 16,006. Beh- rens, N., and Smith, N. B. Sept. 7. Bits.— The bit cheeks are made in the form shown, the curb being attached to the loop d. 16.028. Blrkbeck, K., [HUhn, C]. Sept. 7. Animals stoeJcs for holding. — The apparatus is for holding animals while they are being shod or operated upon. Fig. 2 shows an end view of the apparatus, which consists of four strong uprights a connected by side walls b. The horse is drawn into the apparatus by a rope connected to the pulley shaft / until its breast rests against a transverse bar and its muzzle rests between the parallel iron bars d, d joining the breast bar to the post c. The horse is restrained laterally by side boards i adjusted by screws iK It is kept in at the back by a board g^ adjustably attached to the cross- bar g, and its hoofs may be drawn up to and attached to holders h^. The bars g, h are hinged f2 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 at one end to admit the anim il to the apparatus. Openings are made in the walls 6 to enable the fore hoofs to be readily reached. 16,147. Stewart, W. Sept. 9. FIG I Collars, nech; saddles ; pads. — Collars, saddles, &c. aire formed with hollow inflated pads. Fig. 1 shows a section of a collar with inflated rubber &.G. bags B enclosed in a leather covering A. A stop-cock C may be employed for introducing the air or gas. One or more pads are similarly secured beneath a saddle. The inner bag B may be dispensed with and the covering A inflated. 16,288. Twigrgr, G. Sept. 12. Horse clippers and the nice. — Relates to two forms of clippers, one worked by hand and the other by a flexible shaft, and to mechanism for driving the flexible shaft. Fig. 2 shows a vertical section of a clipper driven by a longitu- dinal shaft h. This shaft passes through a tubular part a, to which is attached the lower cutter plate e. The upper cutter plate / is guided by the lip n on the part a, and by the T-headed pin z secured to the plate e and passing through slots in the plates / and /. The upper cutter plate is reciprocated by a crank-pin on the rod h, working in the bridge-piece h secured to this plate. The pressure plate i is secured to the tubular part a by a screw P, and has a T slot for the pin z. In apparatus worked by hand a similar T-headed pin is used supported by a disc formed on one of the handles. According to the Pro- visional Specification, a form of shearing-apparatus is provided with a movable cutter carrying a pivoted bar, actuated by a cam carried by a spindle. The spindle fits into a cup attached by a screwed ring to a shaft. Fig. 8 shows the mechanism for rotating two flexible shafts s, s simultaneously. The shafts are fixed to the toothed wheel r driven by a larger wheel g provided with a handle h. Both wheels are mounted on a bracket p carried by a standard o. A single flexible shaft may be worked by a grooved pulley mounted on a bracket. 16,345. Aitchl- son, J. T. Sept. 13. Fastening back- bands, hooks for. The backhand D is fastened to a buckle C hinged to a spring hook B which takes into the eye-bolt A secured to the shaft. The hook may have guide-loops 6', 6' as shown. This fastening takes the place of the ordinary shaft-tug which passes round the shaft. 16,381. Bailey, E. Sept. 13. FIG.3 Fastening pole-chains &c. The eyes B on the end of the pole, to which the pole-chains are attached, are made so that they can open by means of hinged parts C which are normally held closed by springs such as D and by a sliding bolt or strong spring catch which acts upon teeth or projections on the hinged parts such as C. When the horse falls, the driver pulls back the sliding bolt or releases the spring catch, and the weight of the horse's head pulling on the eye B causes it to open and release the pole- chain. The divided spring eyes, instead of being fitted on the pole, may be fixed to the hames or to the breast collar or breast band of Dutch harness. 16,679. Korsley, B., and Webb, a. Sept. 19. Lining and padding ; collars, nech ; saddles. — Relates to linings or padding for the collars, saddles, and other parts of harness and saddlery. The Provisional Specification states that the iaveatiQU 94 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HIRNESS &c. [1892 may be applied to the sents of railway carriages. One or more tubes or ba'rs &c., inflated w'th air or other gas or filled with liquid, are suitably secured to the casing of the part to be padded. By one method the tubes are simply held in place by the turned-in edges of the casing. Fig. 1** shows a second method as applied to a horse collar. The pad b is secured to the casing a by an inner covering ¥ of canvas &c., and an outer covering A of rubber &c. The pad is protected from injurious contact with the casing by various layers of linen, rubber, &c. Fig. 4 shows a third method as applied to a horse collar. The tube b is held in contact with the casing D by a covering G^ the edges of which are secured to the channelled edge of the casing by a cord or wire through the channel G or by inflating such tubular elge. The covering, according to its application, may be of rubber, leather, cloth, vulcanite, papier mfiche, or met il &c. In the case of riding saddles, the seat above this padding may be hollow and perforated for ventila- tion. The roll doi the collar may be strengthened by a metal tube. A suitable valve and connections are supplied for inflating the padding. 16,760. Phillipps, 6. Sept. 20. Stirrup straps^ suspending, safety saddle-bars for. The stirrup leather H is hung on a bar B pivoted to the arm a' of the frame A and arranged to fit into a socket in the arm D of the frame. The arm D is hinged at rf' and controlled by a spring E. A spring in the arm a} may be used to urge the bar B downwards. The frame is suspended from the plate F, which is fixed to the saddle-tree, by the hooks/' engiging with the slots a'. If the rider is thrown t'le frame A may become disengaged from the plate F, or the bir B may onen out to free the stirrup leather H as shown. The arm D mav be dispensed with, and the bar B made to fit into the spring E or its equivalent. 16,835. Barker, Bag Co.]. Sept. 20. R. W., lEconoinic Feed A mended. FIG 2 Nosebags. — Fig. 2 shows a plan of the bag, and Fig. 3 an elevation. A diaphragm C having an opening for the animal's nose is fixed in the mouth of the bag. The diaphragm is made of an open meshwork, and h is a spiral spring secured in the waterproofed band D round the openino;. The bottom of the bag consists of a disc of wood to which the material of the bag is secured by nails &c. F passing through a metal strip E. 16,935. Kuth, M. Sept. 23. Collars, breast ; collars, neck; ^acZs.— Relates to a bandage for use with breast and neck collars for horses for the purpose of preventing or curing sores. It consists of three india-rubber web portions a, b, c and two leather breast pieces d, e provided with attaching-straps /, g, h, i, k, I, x. Flaps 2J,i>^ with straps q, q^, r, ?■' are added when the appliance is to be used for preventing or curing shoulder sores. The straps h, i, x are attached to the bellyband ; the straps k, I are passed through loops on the saddle or the like ; the straps q, r, q^, r^ are carried round the collar 85 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 above the hame tugs ; and the straps /, g are secured together over the animal's neck. 17,045. Dorman, W. H. Sept. 24. Riveting -machines. — A screwing, nailing, pegging, riveting, or similar machine, for securing strips of leather or other material to parts of boots, harness, or other articles, is provided with guides a,j for the strip c and work I. The guide a has an in- clined or curved passage of suitable size for the strip, and is extended to guide the outer edge of the strip in front of the point where the fastenings are inserted ; it is secured adjustably by a slider d and screws, The guide _;' for the work is notched to receive and guide the inner edge of the strip, and is carried by a rack n, adjustable by a pinion and handle m. 17,493. Bishop, A. E. Oct. 1. r\ FIG.t 3^20=23E] J /S21 ^^7^ Backhands / tugs, shaft ; fastening. — The traces c in double harness pass through loops h in the backhand, and are adjustably fastened to the ex- tension e by a, hook / of the form shown in the two views, Figs. 1 and 2. The extension e, is fastened to the splinter-bar. The shaft-tug. Fig. 4, consists of a metal piece /?', with loop li and hook .7)- to engage with the backhand g. The hook li^ has the same form as the hook/, Figs. 1 and 2. (r\\ 17,569. Thurman, J. E. Oct. 3. Bridles and halters. — T he headband, which is adjustable by means of the sliding loop D, and the nose- band B are connected together by triangular metal pieces C. The hitching -rope E is knotted to o n e of these pieces, and may be knotted to the other piece also t o form a curb. When used as a bridle a bit G is fastened to- the' hooks F, and the ends rope E are secured to the pieces C as shown. of the 17,750. Campbell, C. Oct. 5. M r^^ ^l Bridles; straps. — The parts of reins or other straps which wear against metal parts are either made of metal as shown at A^ or are lined with metal as shown at C. 17,841. Upward, A. R., nnd Myers, A. Oct. 6. ■ net. ,/« fio.«. 1-^ Z '>!,-- "• -^^i \ ; : ; : ; y.^ J ^^|/ti y , D 1) y y / Com hs ; brushing - apparatus for grooming. — Brushes and combs are provided with means for i 86 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 supplying jets of air. Fig. 1 shows a machine hair brush. Tubular bristles or flexible tubes C are carried by nipples B on the tubes A, whicL are fitted into the plate D. This plate works over the fixed plate F. which is slotted at G. Air is thus applied from the tube H to the bristles durins; part of the revolution of the brush. The bristles C may be dispensed with, and the air jets caused to issue from fixed or revolving apertures or nozzles. Hand-brushes may be similarly [irovided, the stjcks being hollow. Fig. 6 shows a comb with hollow teeth and back for this purpose. The brushes an! combs may be used for horses and other animals. 18,033. Nye, K. R. Oct. 10. ' Bridles ; rein holders. — The object is to enable a draught horse to be left unattended. A strap or rein B is attached by a spring hook to a chain or strap A hooked to the bit, and is also attached after passing through a loop d on the vehicle to a ring / on a chain c fixed to the vehicle and looped round the wheel. In two-wheeled vehicles the holding-strap B itself may be looped round the wheel and the mounting step, the chain c being dispensed with. If the horse moves backwards or for- wards, the rein B is tightened automatically. 18,384. Bairstow, E., Oct. 12. and Nichols, J. FIG. 3. Muzzles for animals. — The muzzle consists of a lower part made of metal, prefer- ably wire, and an upper part formed by a pair of leather or other straps or laces. The narrow lines on Fig. 3, with the exception of the strap B^ represent the wire part, and the wider lines represent the two crossed straps. 18,290. Chapman, P., \_Massey, G.']. Oct. 12. Horse clippers and the like. — Clippers for shearing sheep, cutting hair, &c. are formed with a dummy lever B^ to counterbalance the lever B which actu- ates the cutter F. These levers may be pivoted either on the same pin C as shown or on separate pins placed side by side. The levers are actuated by opposite crank-pins A^, A^ as shown. A door beneath the cutter enables the crank shaft to be taken out. The pressure of the cutter F upon the comb G is adjusted by a screw N which acts upon an arm M fixed to the plate K carrying the comb- The plate K is hinged at L, L' to the casing. A spring may bear upon the arm M. The cutter is enabled to lie evenly on the comb by the button B* on the actuating-Iever B, 18,635. Iiovely, a. Oot. 18. Collars, nech ; pads ; tugs, shaft. — The collar con- sists of the solid or hollow bars or hames D, and 87 1892] ABntDGMENt CLASS flARXEgS &c [1892 the pads A, B, C adjustably connected to the bars. The bars are hinged at the top E or at their centres on each side. The tugs L are of thin metal pro- vided with snap-hooks. In tandem harness two hooks are used, one for the collar of the wheeler and the other for the trace of the leader. 18,924. Benison, K. de B. Oct. 22. Bits. — Fig. 2 shows a side view of the bit. There are two straight or curved mouthpieces, one of which is formed with eyes i' to slide A'ertically on the bars a^ of the cheeks a, while the other mouthpiece c is formed with eyes for the rein rings c' and slides horizontally between the bars a*. A noseband may be attached to the ends of the lower mouthpiece c. W. B., and Best, 18,956. Benison, W. B. Oct. 22. Fa stening saddle girths, couplings &c. for. The upper ends of the girth or girths are secured to links or clips c, which hook into the slotted plates a. The plates a, one on each side of the saddle, are united by a strap b. The lower ends of the girth or girths are connected by straps d and buckles e, a leather or webbing sheath being made to slip over these ends of the girth. 19,017. Ollivant, K. A. Oct. 22. Whips. — Handles for whips are made from blocks of tough felt. 19,405. Moffat, J., and Virtue, W. W. Oct. 28. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to sheep- shearing &c. machines such as are described in Specification No. 20,833, A.D. 1891. The necessary pressure of the cutter F on the comb plate G is obtained by a forked spring plate M^ which is held in a slot in the pressure lever H by a stud K*. The pressure lever H has claws to engage with the cutter F, is trunnioned at K^ to the vibrating lever A, and is pressed upwards at its rear end by a spring K acting on a vertical sliding pin I carrying the ball J which comes into immediate contact with the pressure lever H. The pin I is prolonged beyond the casing by a screwed pin L. B3' pressing on the pin L the pressure on the cutter F is relaxed, so that it may be removed for sharpening. The vibrating lever A is formed with a tubular boss B enclosing the pin I. The ends of the boss bear against rings C, C between which and the casing there are arranged antifriction balls D, D. FIC.3. 19,869. Budd, W. Nov, 4. Stirrups, safety. The stirrup has only one side A, which is broad and inclined as shown. The position of the eye C ensures that the tread B projects away from the horse, thus facilitating mount- ing. The tread may be fixed or made to revolve like a bicycle pedal. A spring D at the side or on the tread, or connect- ing the eye C with the projection E, may be used to prevent the foot from slipping under normal conditions. 19,977. Newall, J. W. Nov, 5. Horse Glti')pers and the like. — The object is to equalize the pressure on each tooth without using springs. Two pairs of forks are pivoted to the crosshead 1. In the case of a three-toothed cutter, two arms 5^, 5' of the forks bear on the middle tooth as shown, but thsse arms are twice as far from the centre lines of the pivots 7, 8 as are the outer arms 5', 5*, When the cutter has four teeth the arms are all equal, and each tooth has one arm bearing upon it. I 18S2J ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 20,068. Gillette, G. W., and Gillette, D9E. G. Nov. 7. Amended. Horse clippers and the lihe. — Relates to treadle- driving gearing with a special flexible shaft for operating rotary and other tools held in the hand. Fig. 8 shows the flexible shaft 42 connected to the operating-cam of a horse clipper 50. A wheel 3 is supported withia a fork 1 by a shaft which may be rotated by pedal cranks 5 or by cranks linked to foot-levers ; the operator sits on a saddle 10, adjustable on a standard 7, which is braced to the fork 1, both being secured by nuts on a tripod 2. The fork 1 carries an upright 15, which may be turned by handles 17 and supports a bifurcated arm 18, balanced by a weight or spring 20 ; the arm 18 supports a bearing 31 for a spindle 28^ con- nected to the flexible shaft. Rotation is communi- cated from the wheel 3, either by a chain 56, chain-wheel and pulley 53, and band 4, or directly by a band, to pulleys 25 fixed on the shaft support- ing the arm 18, the first and smaller pulley being within the arm, and the other 25 outside. The wheel 25 is connected by a belt 5^ to the spindle 28^ The bands 4, 5' may be tightened by raising the upright 15, which is held up by a set-screw, and by the sliding rod and spring 35' . In a modi- fication, the band 5 drives a horizontal spindle, which is connected by bevel-wheels with the spindle 28\ this being carried in a head supported loosely on the horizontal spindle. The flexible shaft consists of a series of links hooked together within a wire helix which is covered with suitable fabric &c. The ends of the flexible shaft rotate in sleeves connected by set-screws or sockets and cones with the bearings of the end spindles. The wire helix is preferably made with its turns in contact for part of its length where little flexibility is required ; in the remaining part spaces are allowed between the turns increasing in width towards the end to which the movable tool is con- nected. The helix is arranged to keep the enclosed chain of links extended. Fic.e. 20,236. Clifford, K. Nov. 10. Stirrup straps, suspend- ing, safety sad die- bars for. The fastening-de- vice, shown in front elevation in Fig. 8, is designed for supporting the stirrup leather. It consists of two plates A, G, of which the plate A is either supported on the ordinary saddle-bar by a sleeve or hook &c., or is fixed directly to the saddle-tree, and the part G is hooked at G' to support the stirrup strap. This strap is kept in place by a leather tongue H, the end of which is passed beneath the bar I. The plate G is attached to the plate A by a stud B and lugs A*, A', and is kept in place by a pivoted spring D until the rider is thrown, when the plate G is jerked out of connection with the plate A or the stirrup strap leaves the hook G^. FIC.7 20,335. Chauvin, Zi. Nov. 10. Stopping runa- vmy horses. — T h e horse is stopped by pricking its nose. Figs. 2 and 7 show v e r t i cal sections through the two forms of pricking- apparatus. In Fig. 2 the needle d is kept away from the animal's nose by the spiral spring h and shield c until cords h are pulled, when the needle is pro- truded. In Fig. 7 the needle d is attached to the spring bell-crank lever s pivotel at t and operated by the wire q in the tube p. 20,407. Perkins, K. Nov. 11. Horse- hoots. — The horse-boot or overshoe is specially designed to enable racehorses to con- tinue their training when the ground is hard. The over- shoe consists of a metal frame a, Fig. 1, and a ribbed sole g of moulded F. S.y and Stannlngr, Fit. J 89 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 rubber lined in parts as required with strong linen. The rubber projects beneath the frame a, which is slotted for the marginal projections i. The over- shoe is- held beneath the hoof i, provided with a shoe s or otherwise, by a band pivoted to the heel clips m and fixed to the long toe clip e. In a modification, the toe clip is replaced by two side clips to which the ends of two bands similar to the band mentioned above are secured after crossing at the toe. An air cushion^ is introduced between the overshoe and the hoof. The Provisional Specifica- tion describes the overshoe without the frame a. 20,511. Nov. 12. lurg'on, C, and Surg'on, H. Horse clippers and the like. — Re- lates to sheep- shearing machines such as are de- scribed in Specifi- cations No. 10,828, A.D. 1890, No. 5317, A.D. 1891, and Nos. 2805 and 7244, A.D. 1892, and consists of an improved bearing for the vibrating cutter lever and F103. ^J^A^^ an improved method of applying pressure thereto Fig. 3 shows a transverse section of one form of apparatus in which the pressure is adjusted in the manner described in Specification No. 2805, A.D, 1892. The bearing consists of two rollers I, I, which may be cylindrical or conical, mounted in the cutter lever C, and bearing upon a washer K formed in one piece with a sleeve Jc fitting the pivot pin D. The sleeve is notched at its lower end to engage with a projection d so that the washer may be turned to bring a fresh bearing surface against the rollers and be locked in that position. The washer K is held in place on the pin D by a nut L. The ring C^ serves as a dust cap and as a support for the ends of the roller pivots. Fig. 5 shows in longitudinal section the method of adjusting the pressure. The pivot pin D is hinged at E to the casing, and carries a screw nut L at its upper end as shown. The nut may be locked in position by a spring catch o. The oscillating lever C is supported at the rear by the roller c running on the casing F. 20,564:. Rothrock, Zi. W. Nov. 14. Yokes, neck ; fastening breast straps &c. Relates to a fastening chiefly designed for securing the breast straps to the neck yoke, but applicable also for other purposes. The attachment consists of a ring A formed with arms a, a which embrace a bar upon which turns a roller B. The bar is removably secured by a bolt b. When used for a neck yoke D, the attachment is secured by a staple d on the ferrule D^, and the breast strap is passed round the roller B. 20,599. Broug-hton, J., and Broug-hton, P. T., [trading as John Broughton & Sons]. Nov. 14. nc.i. ' ■ Fastening traces &c., couplings for. The inven- tion is shown as applied to a trace, but is applicable to straps generally. The tug is put through the loop g in the trace, and passed under the guide- piece b and secured by pins a. The pins a screw into nuts d or are otherwise secured. In a modi- fication, the pins are connected with the plate forming the guide-piece, but can move to a certain extent in longitudinal slots to allow for possible displacement of the holes in the tongue by shrinking &c. 20,663. Terront, C. May 18, [date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, A.D. 1883']. FIG. I Saddles, girths for. E elates to belts for gymnasts; cyclists, and the like, applicable also as girths for 90 1892] ABKIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. 1892 animals. A belt A with a broad part A' at the back is provided with supplementary straps B, B'. A link, hook, or the like C may be attached to a swivel hook on some part of a cycle so that the rider may obtain a better purchase on the same. 20,837. Scrutton, C. Nov. 17. Collars, neck. — The usual straw stuffing is replaced by an inflated pad, which is provided with a suitable valve D, and is kept in place by lacing or stitching a leather covering C over it. 21,255. Bring-ham, F. J. Nov. 22. Fastening, loops for straps for. Separate loops or loops on the ends of straps for saddles, bridles, &c. are made by first splitting the leather, as shown at B, Fig. 2, and then wedging or other- wise forcing it open till it has the required form, as shown by Fig. 4. 21,567. Jenkinson, W., Squier, J. W., and Jenkinson, Cr. E. Nov. 25. Saddles.— The seat a is fastened to the head-piece b and cantle piece c, which are drawn over the edge and secured to the un- derside of the saddle-tree. The seat is further sup- ported by webbing extending between the pieces b and c. The side panels are fixed directly to the tree, are prefer- ably made deeper, and are preferably lined with leather and quilted. The centre of the tree is left open for ventilation. The flaps/ are formed with hollow blocks ia which no padding is used. 21,570. Aylsworth, Q. X«I. Nov. 25. d.cg Fastening straps, buckle attachments for. Fig. 2 shows a section of the buckle, in which A is a frame plate secured to the strap D by rivets h. The plate A is bent up at the sides to form wings b. The wings are perforated to receive a pintle c upon which the lever plate C is hinged, g^ is the loop of a controlling-spring which holds the plate C in its closed position. A pin e is secured to the plate 0, and engages when closed in an aligning-hole in the plate A. The strap D is provided with eyeleted holes through which the pin e passes when the strap is secured in any position. F I C 16 21,710. Bland, K. Nov. 28. Horse clippers and the like. — Relates to sheep- shearing machines. The machine is worked by a spindle B carrying a ratchet-wheel b-, which is thrown into gear with the constantly - rotating rat- " chet-wheel h^ by the lever handle F pivoted to the casing of the machine, • and engaging with pins carried by the outer sliding part O of the handle. The catch G, when depressed, enables the lever F to be turned so far back that the main part of the machine with the spindle a- may be drawn apart fromjthe 91 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 handle O carrying the live spindle B'. The front end of the spindle B carries a crank-pin &' which fits into a square block I working in a bridge-piece shown in elevation in Fig. 18. The bridge-piece has a slot / for the block I and two pins j^ engaging with the two parallel levers C by which the cutter L is worked. The bridge-piece presses upon the levers, and is itself pressed down by a spring K which bears upon the antifriction balls j^ of the bridge-piece, and is capable of adjustment by the nut kK Dust is kept out of the interior parts of the machine by a plate N which reciprocates along with the levers C, and is pressed against the fixed casing H by the spring n^ The teeth of the cutter are so spaced with regard to the teeth of the comb that they do not all cut simultaneously. 21,712. Bland, K. Nov. 28. Horse dippers and the like. — Relates to driving-gear for sheep- shearing and other small machines. The driving - pulley G is formed with a long boss g, Fig. 24, which runs in a bearing bracket F ; it is coupled to the cap _; of the spindle J by means of studs entering recesses therein ; the spindle may be uncoupled by lifting it, the spring /' facilitating this operation. The projecting end of the bearing is fitted with a sleeve H provided with studs ^, h, upon which the forked upper end of the shaft casing i may be hung. The spindle J is coupled to the shaft i by a universal coupling, Fig. IB, consisting of two forks K, K^ pivoted to a central block L ; the lower fork is formed with projecting studs which engage in slots in the block. A similar joint M couples the shaft i to the flexible shaft B, and is arranged to support a weighted lever N for balancing the tool or machine at the other end of the flexible shaft. The rigid section A', Fig. 4, at the end of the flexible shaft is coupled to the tool spindle A by means of pinions c, c' and a double-faced wheel C mounted on a pin, which also serves to connect the two halves of the casing together, and on which they may be turned to any angle. The flexible shaft consists of a gut or other suitable core bound with fine wire. 21,778. Carter, J. Nov. 29. Stirrvps. — The tread a of a safety stirrup is hinged at one end a^ to the outer bow A, and is supported at its other end a^ in the groove b in the inner bow B, which is pivoted to the outer bow at A^ A'. In the case of an accident the inner bow B turns on its pivots A', A' and liberates the end a* of the tread from the groove b, thus allowing the tread to open out and free the rider's foot. 21,900. Cannon, T. 1*1. Nov. 30. Draicivgs to Specification. Whips.— B-andles for whips are made from corn cobs. The cobs are first dried, then soaked in lime water or other material to fill up the interstices, again dried, and finally turned in a lathe or otherwise shaped 92 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 22,114:. BXiddleton, J. W. Dec. 2. Whips. — Relates to the invention described in Speci- {^^ F I C 2 fication No. 15,011, A.D. 1890, for se- curing whip lashes or thongs. The Figures show sec- K^X^S^^x- tions of two forms of joint. In Fig. 2 the taper thong is placed in position by passing it through a lateral opening c in the taper socket a fixed to the stock g. This socket is then strengthened by sliding over it an outer sleeve b, which is secured in place by a bayonet joint, as shown, or b y screwing & c . In Fig. 4 the socket is in two parts, one of which a is per- manently fixed to the stock g, and the other part a^ is secured to the part a by screwing, as shown, or by a bayonet joint &c. IFIC ^y Cb 9 22,371. Cain, C. T. Dec. 6. Collars, breast. — The collar is stiff- ened at the sides D, but not in the front A, by peculiarly- shape d spring metal plates. The neck strap B and traces C are at- tached as shown. By this means the strain i s thrown upon the animal's shoulder in a better manner. FIC.t 22,829. Ziitouz, V. Itl. E. Dec. 12. Tugs, shaft; fastening. — The shaft-tug consists of a strap B, C suspended from the cross-bar a of the buckle A to which the backhand / is se- cured. The two parts B, C of the lower strap are connected together by the loop E and curved pin D fixed between the two thicknesses of the part C. Short pieces of leather b, c^ arc also secured be- tween these two thick- nesses. The strap B is buckled below to the bellyband, the pin D preventing the tightening of the strap from affecting the pressure upon the shaft S. The ring E may be hinged to the base- plate d of the pin D. The base -plate may be extended upwardly and form part of or be hinged to the frame of the buckle. The buckle A for shaft-tugs or other parts of harness consists of a frame with cross- bars a, a\ a^ and a fixed tongue A' instead of a hinged tongue. 22,819. Xiake, Dec. 12. ». K., [Kelley, H. S.]. Fastening, hooks for. Sheet-metal hooks such as harness check- hooks are made by first cutting out a straight blank, then stamping it to give it the section shown in Fig. 3, and lastly bending it to hook form as shown at H, Fig. 6. The hole at the end K, Fig. 6, for the fixing-screw may be made at the cutting-out or the stamping opera tion. The blanks may be cut out from a plate or strip, so that their wide ends K lie alternately in opposite edges of the plate. Hooks of brass, aluminium, &c. are polished before being bent, and steel hooks are lacquered or nickel-plated after the bending process. 22,851. Vacherat, G. Dec. 12. Fastening traces. The trace is put on the end a* of the bolt a when the lever b is in the position shown in dotted lines, and is secured by raising the lever and then allowing it to fall into the position shown in full lines. The lower end of the lever has a T-shaped head ¥, and the upper 93 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 end ¥ is enlarged to prevent it from passing com- pletely through the slot in which it works, A recess is made at c, and a groove on the upper side of the end of the bolt to allow the lever to be moved into the horizontal position. Dec. 14. n C.35* 23,032. Kug-hes, F. Collars, neck. — Fig. 3" shows a transverse section of one limb of the collar. The fore- wale and after- wale a are made of metal, preferably steel, hollowed at «• for the hames. The hames may, however, be dis- pensed with, when suitable rings &c. are secured to the shell a. A bag c of ground cork is placed behind this metal shell a and stitched to a canvas lining cl, and behind this again is placed an inflated rubber bag / held in place by a casing g of leather &c. A covering of patent leather may be fixed outside the metal shell a. The air bag may be dispensed with, or several bags may be used. 23,038. Scott, J. Dec. 14. Stirrups. — The object is to provide the tread of a stir- rup with a readily- replaceable pad to prevent the foot from slipping. Fig. 3 shows the cross-section of a tread D upon which a rubber pad A with cork base a is retained by a movable plate or frame C. The plate C may be hinged and fastened to the tread or to the legs of the bow in various ways. Dec. 15. 23,080. Boyes, W. Fastening traces, hooks for. Relates to a spring trace hook. The hook proper D i s at- tached to a bolt B, between the head of which and the end of the tube A is the spring E. The tube A may be attached by bolts to the vehicle. y /7V ,1/ CZ Fl.C I zxzJijCLZzzrnTi, 23,551. Broug'hton, J., and Broug'hton, P. T., [trading as John Broughton & Sons]. Dec. 21. Fastening, buckle attachments for. Relates to the method of fastening the buckle h to the tug or strap g attached to the hame by splicing its end e or otherwise. A tongue a is cut in the tug, and after it has been passed over the end bar of the buckle is sewn or otherwise secured to the body of the strap ; d is the casing or envelope through which the securing- strap passes after leaving the buckle, and / is a strap for grasping when pulling the strap passing through the buckle and guide. /// u / fx' f / rr r> / / /A f f '^■ly. -y^r^ 2 3,605. An- g-ove, E. S., and Clarke, T. U. Dec. 22. Stirrup straps, suspending, safety saddle - bars for. The stirrup strap F is connected to the saddle-bar B by the metal hook A slotted at C for the tongue D of the buckle E. An upward pull on the stirrup strap disengages the buckle from the hook, and a backward pull disengages the hook from the saddle-bar. 23,623. Barnsby, J. M". Dec. 22. Druiv- ings to Specification. Saddles. — Relates to saddle-trees. The gullet or the cantle, or the whole tree, is formed of steel of trough or L-section. 94 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 23,S67. Wood, A. Dec. 22. I Fastening pole-chains, slipping-devices &c. for. Fig. 3 shows an end view of the pole head carrying an attachment for securing the pole-chains, ani Fig. 12 shows a partial horizontal section through the pole head carrying a different form of attach- ment. In the form shown in Fig. 3, each chain is attached to a pin e held in place by a sliding bolt k which is freed so as to be able to move downwards by a cord fastened to the button i on a spring bolt i^ attached like the bolt A;. to a, plate spring h. The pin e may also be kept in place by a screw, or by a spring bolt, or by a pin arranged to be turned on its own axis till a reduced part of it allows the slotted end of the pin e to be drawn away from it. In Fig. 12 the pole-chain is held in place by the parts e, e^ which, together, form an eye at each end. The part e may be turned on its pivot s. g when the spring bolt h is raised. 23,668. Wood, Ao Dec. 22. Runavmy horses, releasing ; fastening traces, draw-bolts &c. for. The fastenings are for secur- ing traces to the splinter-bars, shafts, &c. of dog- carts, carriages, and other vehicles in such a way that runaway or fallen horses may be readily released. Figs. 12 and 14 show two forms of fastenings. In the form shown in Fig. 12, the trace is secured to the pin 6, the base a of which slides in the head c of the splinter-bar m. The pin b is released by drawing the spring bolt b^ which passes through the head and base a. The bolt &^ is drawn by a rod d actuated by a strap passing to the driver. In modifications, the base a is kept in place either by a vertically-sliding plate, itself held in position by a spring bolt, or by a flat-sided pin which rotates on its own axis in a keyhole slot in the base-plate a. In the form shown in Fig. 14, the trace is kept on the bolt b FIC.IZ. by the split pin j^ attached to the strap s. form may also be modified. This 23,753. Dec. 23. Demontais, A., and Odin, T/l. PI C.I Tugs, shaft ; fas- tening, buckle at- tachments for. The shaft - tug consists of a leather loop, one end of which is fixed to the bar H of -the buckle X and the other end to the bar A, B of the loop. Fig. 2. The projecting ends of the bar A, B fit into grooves or sockets 0, D in the buckle X, and the bar I, Fig. 2, is secured to the bellyband. The bar H may be provided with a metal bush to fit the leather loop above mentioned. uU fIC.g. 24,007. Wood, P. Dec. 29. Saddles ; ventilation. — Air cushions are used in soles and heels of boots and overshoes, saddles fo» 95 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 horses, and ordinary seats, and may be adapted to produce ventilation. In Fig. 5, the upper and lower parts b, c ot a sole enclose central and sur- rounding cushions e^, which are inflated by a nozzle g. The central cushion is surrounded by a receptacle d^ with openings through the parts b, c, the cushion serving as a valve to close the lower hole when the receptacle fZ' is compressed, air being thus discharged through the upper holes. In other forms, the ventilator is dispensed with, and the cushion may be a simple bag occupying the whole space between the parts b, c, or may consist of a number of tubes of semicircular section, connected together by a surrounding tube. The protecting-covering c may be dispensed with. 24,043. Wheeler, K. B. Dec. 30. Saddles. — The shape of the saddle can be varied by a screw C which regulates the distance between the two plates A, A. These plates are fixed to the tree, and are guided by bars B sliding in slots D in the plates. 21,063. Dallimore, W. K. Dec. 30 Fastening^ buckle attachments for. Relates to a spring hook arrangement for securing buckles to braces, harness, &c. The buckle is pro- vided with turned- up plates 8 or a .; turned - up slotted plate to act as catches for the hooks. Two hook arms 12 are pivoted in a frame 10, and are connected by a spring to hold them together Fig. 5 shows the arrangement as a brace attachment. 24,092. Silver, W., Cohen, N., and marks, B. F. Dec. 30. FIC.2. FIC.7 Horse dippers and the liJce. — Relates to improvements in the power and tension levers, the tension mechanism, and the bearings and settings of the vibrating parts of machines for shearing and dipping wool and cutting hair. The Figures show vertical sections of three of the twelve forms described in the Specification. In all the forms but one, the tension lever may be drawn out of the machine for cleaning purposes, without further taking the machine to pieces, and in two forms the tension is adjusted by drawing up the hinged comb plate by means of a bolt and nut. In Fig. 2 the tension lever 11 is shown pivoted to the power lever 9 at 20, the tension being applied by a pin 8 connected to the screw cap shown. The part 60 is for the crank of the rotating shaft to work in. The j)in 8 may be separate, the bearing 5 may be altered in form, and the lever 9 may extend below or on both sides of the lever IJ and be furnished with clips to embrace the lever 11. In Fig. 4 the pressure 1892] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1892 is applied at 25 by a lever 22, and the lever 9 is oscillated by a forked piece, pivoted to it at 61, and fitting at its other end into an eccentric socket in a disc arranged on the end of the driving-shaft. In another form, the tension lever itself is oscil- lated by the forked piece, and pressure is applied by a tubular piece sliding vertically upon the pin 10 suitably modified. In Fig. 7 the tension lever is supported on the pin 35, and pressure is applied by a screw cap with a pin 8. The spherical parts 36, 37 lessen the friction. Instead of adjusting the tension by a screw cap, the screw 35 may be used for this purpose. In other forms, the centre of the tension lever is cylindrical and turns freely in the pivot pin 39, Fig. 7. In other forms, the end of the lever screws into a plug arranged with its axis at right angles to the axis of the pin 39. In this form, the pressure is applied by a lever similar to that shown at 22, Fig. 4. 24,126. Bowdler, W. Dec. 31. Stirrups. — Fig. 4 shows the inner bow D and tread E of a safety stirrup just after disengagement due to a fall of the rider. The inner bow D carries a stud F with a notched head G, and the outer bow A is slotted at B to receive the stud and formed with a projection C to engage with the notch H. APPEJSDIX. A.D. 1890. 20,'756. Browne, A. K. S., and Sullivan, T. Dec. 19. Stopping and controlling runavmy and restive horses ; rein holders. — The reins may be attached to a rope wound on a drum, such as C, fitted with the clutch D. When the driver leaves his seat, the clutch is automatically thrown into gear, and if the horses move away the rope becomes wound up and pulls in the reins at the same time that it applies the brakes. P13«62 97 1892] APPENDIX TO ABRIDGIMENT CLASS HARNESS &e. [18d2 A.D. 1892. 21,942. Schaefer, A. J. Nov. 30. Preventhig horses from falling ; stopping and co)itrolli7ig runaway or restive horses. — In the case of a four-wheeled cab or like vehicle, a hinged frame of special construction is made to project from the fore-carriage above the horse as at J, the harness being connected thereto by chains L, L^, so that the horse is supported thereby, and prevented from falling. The frame and the fore-part of the horse can be raised off the ground by the driver by means of a hand-lever K', the driver being thus enabled to stop a runaway horse. In the case of a two-wheeled vehicle, such as a dogcart, legs with rollers at their lower ends project down- wards from the front of the vehicle to prevent the horse from falling, and the shafts are each made in two parts hinged together, the front parts being means of a lever, such as K^, to hold up the fore-part of the horse. raised by the driver by 23,761. Berkley, C. Dec. 23. Preventing horses from falling . — For omni- buses and two-horse vehicles, a lever A attached at its front end by chains to the harness, is pivoted on a leg D carrying at its lower end a roller F, and the rear end of the lever is jointed to the undercarriage of the vehicle at B and also to a strut C, the lower end of which is attached to the leg whilst its upper end is attached to a plate G bearing on the bottom of the vehicle. When the horse stumbles it is prevented from falling as its weight is balanced by that of the vehicle. For carts, cabs, &c. fitted with two shafts, each shaft is sup- ported by a leg at its centre, and the horse is supported by chains from the belly-band, which are attached to an arched frame mounted on the shafts. LONDON: PRINTED FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, By darling & SON, Ltd., 1-3, Great St. Thomas Apostle, E.C. Published at the PATENT OFFICE, 25, Southampton Buildings, Chaijcery Lane, London, W.C. 1898. PATENTS FOR INVENTIONS. ABRIDGMENTS OF SPECIFICATIONS. CLASS 62, HARNESS AND SADDLERY, Period— A.D, 1893-96. LONDON : PRINTED FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, By darling & SON, Ltd., 1-3, Great St. Thomas Apostle, E.G. Published at the PATENT OFFICE, 25, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W-C. 1899, 13931 SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [189^ EXPLANATORY NOTE. The contents of this Abridgment Class may be seen from its Subject-matter Index. For further information as to the classification of the subject-matter of inventions, reference should be made to the Abridgment-Class and Index Key^ published at the Patent Office, 25, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C., price Is., postage bd. It should be borne in mind that the abridgments are merely intended to serve as guides to the Specifications, which must themselves be consulted for the details of any particular invention. Printed Specifications, price SfZ., may be purchased at the Patent Office, or ordered by post on the Patents Form C (to be obtained from any Post Office), no additional charge being made for postage. SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. Abridgments are printed in the chronological order of the Specifications to which they refer, and this index quotes! only the year and number of each Specification, Animal clippers. See Horse clippers &c. Animal droppings. Harness devices for catching. See Harness &c. Animal muzzles. See Muzzles for animals. Animals, Stocks and like appliances for holding-. '95. 6314. Backhands. See Harness &c. Bags or nosebags. See Harness &c. Bags, Saddle. See Harness &c. Bearing-reins. See Harness &c. Bellybands. See Harness &c. Bits for animals. See Harness &c. Blankets, Horse. See Harness &c. Blindfolding-appliances for animals. See Harness &c. P 11362 iii Blinkers, Bridle. See Harness &c. Boots, Horse. See Harness &c. Brackets and stands for harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Breaking - in horses and other animals. See Training and breaking in horses &c. Breeching. See Harness &c. Bridles. See Harness &c. Cart-saddles. See Harness &c. Cleaning harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Clippers, Horse and like. See Horse clippers &c. Clothing for animals. See Harness &c. Collars, Dog and like. See Dog collars &o. Collars, Horse. See Harness &c. a 2 1893] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1896 Combs for animals. See Harness &c. Crib-biting, Harness preventers of. See Harness &c. Cruppers. See Harness &c. Curb-bits for animals. See Harness &c. Currycombs. See Harness &c. Dogr collars, couples, leashes, leaders, and the like. '93. 6165. 15,023. '94. 6839. 6938. 16,039. '96. 3079. 7097. bells. See Ah-idgment Class Bells &c. buckles. See Abridgment Class Fastenings, Dress, coin-freed "caretakers." See Abridgment Class Coin-freed apparatus &c. hooks. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. name plates or labels for. See Abridgment Class Labels &c. Dog muzzles. See Muzzles for animals. Dog slips. See Dog collars &c. Dogs, Training and breaking-in. See Training and breaking-in horses &c. Droppings of horses and the like. Devices for catching. See Harness &c. Driving-whips. See Harness &c. Dung or droppings catchers. See Harness &c. Fallen horses, Harness for releasing. See Harness &c. Ferret muzzles. See Muzzles for animals. Fly-nets or clothing for animals. See Harness &c. Girths, Saddle. See Harness &c. Goloshes or boots for animals. See Harness &c. Grooming animals. Appliances for. See Harness &c. Hair clippers. See Horse clippers . breeching. '93. 8193. 20,058. 23,868. '95. 24,290. '96. 6034. 19,055. fastening. See fastening below. bridles and halters. '93. 409. 1145. 5854. 11,415. 12,235. 16,123. 19,201. 19,823. 21,726. 24,917. 25,022. '94. 16,895. 17,248. 19,106. 19,772. 24,343. '95. 885. 3839. 7702. 10,299. 11,062. 12,643. 13,408. 15,361. 16,460. 16,830. 18,754. 19,788. '96. 437. 2160. 2378. 3571. 6034. 23,810. 25,066. 25,317. 28,309. attaching halters to stalls. See Abridgment Class Buildings &c. fastening. See fastening belov). brushes. See Abridgment Class Brushing &c. buckles. See Abridgment Class Fastenings, Dress, choking-apparatus for checking horses. See bridles &c. above. cleaning and polishing apparatus for. '93. 21,407. '94. 6399. '96. 11,311. clippers. See Horse clippers &c. clothing for animals. '93. 9187. '94. 8092, 10,913. 15,407. 15,408. 15,842. 18,176. '95. 10,854. 11,178. 19,134. 24,802. '96. 1395. 6957. 20,667. fabrics for. See Abridgment Class Weaving and woven fabrics. fastening. See fastening below. collars, breast. '93. 18,041. 23,868. '94. 17,940. 23,856. '96. 4791. 6034. fastening. See fastening below. collars, head. See bridles &c. above. collars, neck. '93. 578. 4088. 6166. 7321. 10,010. 10,077. 12,268. 13,476. 18,041. 18,745. 18,959. 23868. '94. 11,434. 11,497. 14,051. 14,703. 16,456. 16,891. 23,856. 24,512. '95. 2572. 2802. 3395. 5172. 5173. 5945. 6524. 9884. 11,089. 12,643. 12,734. 12,921. 12,969. 15,766. 16,460. 19 013. 20,601. 22,269. 24,327. '96. 4791. 6034. 6166. 11,334. 12,407. 13,634. 18,292. 22,056. 22,363. 23,459. 24,222. fastening. See fastening below. combs, [other than currycombs]. '95. 3888. 4864. compositions for dressing. See Abridgment Class Leather, covers, saddle. See saddles below. crib-biting, preventing, [other than stable fittings]. '93. 14,914. cruppers. See breeching above. crutches, saddle. See saddles belov). currycombs. '93. 11,473. '95. 20,597. '96. 3617 19,116. cutting - machines for. See Abridgment Class Cutting &c. draught-chains. See traces below. dressing - compositions. See Abridgment Class Leather, droppings, devices for catching. '94. 17,514. electric and magnetic. '93. 222. '94. 17,248. 1893] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1896 Harness and saddlery — cont. embossing and stamping. See Abridgment Class Printing other than letterpress &g. fabrics for. See Abridgment Classes Waterproof and similar fabrics ; Weaving and woven fabrics, fallen horses, fastenings for releasing. See fastening below. fastening — back and belly bands. '93. 700. 6681. 12,114. '94. 6938. 9929. '95. 1775. 8266. 14,665. 16,852. '96. 2386. 6034. 18,827. 27,329. 30,033. breeching. '93. 6681. 7815. 17,271. 18,142. 21,898. '94. 4387. '95. 14,665. 24,290. '96. 6034. 7937. 10,557. bridles and halters. '93. 409. 838. 4481. 5048. 7300. 21,047. '94. 9339. 19,772. 22,016. '95. 3839. 13,408. 20,390. '96. 2378. buckle attachments for. '93. 5048. 12,114. 24,159. '95. 1775. 2725. 16,852. '96. 6034. clasps for. '93. 9187. '94. 15,472. clips for. '93. 4481. 7300. 9187. '94. 7986. '95. 2058. 14,843. '96. 6034. clothing for animals. '95. 14,843. '96. 3079. collars, breast. '93. 21,898. '96. 6034. collars, neck. '93. 578. 4088. 6166. 13,476. 18,843. '94. 11,434. 11,497. 14,051. '95. 2058. 5172. 11,089. 12,734. '96. 6034. 18,292. couplings for. '93. 700. 14,088. 16,908. 18,843. 22,996. '94. 11,434. 14,051. 22,016. '95. 1775. 1928. 5172. 12,734. 15,999. '96. 15,812. 22,724. draw-bolts for. '93. 700. 3411. 6681. 10,112. '94. 4387. 7986. '95. 94. 14,665. 20,317. '96. 18,292. 21,867. 22,071. 27,329. eyes for. '93. 4088. 9187. 16,908. 24,917. 25,022. '94. 1975. '95. 5172. '96. 10,557. hames. '93. 4088. 13,476. 18,843. '94. 11,497. '95. 2058. 5172. 11,089. '96. 18,292. hooks and hook fastenings for. '93. 838. 2594. 2969. 9187. 9823. 12,114. 14,088. 14,371. 16,908. 17,271. 18,142. 22,996. '94. 1975. 4258. 4387. 8696. 9929. 19,772. 21,678. 22,016. '95. 1928. 3036. 7443. 8266. 14,384. 18,052. 20,390. '96. 2386. 7937. 7980. 10,249. 11,467. 15,812. 16,669. 18,292. interlocking parts with sheaths for. '95. 13,408. lamps. '95. 11,775. loops for straps for. '93. 409. 21,047. 21,898. 24,159. 24,917. 25,022. '94. 11,779. 19,093. '95. 3839. 16,460. 19,194. '96. 2378. 6034. pole chains and straps. '93. 2969. 3411. 6681. 8070. 10,112. 14,371. 21,898. 22,996. '94. 4258. 19,093. 22,016. '95. 94. 1775. 20,317. '96. 7980. 13,678. 15,812. 16,669. 21,867. reins. '93. 409. 838. 3816. 4481. 5048. 5890. 7300. 14,921. 17,724. 24,917. 25,022. '94. 9339. 18,168. '95. 10,854. 24,290. '96. 2378. 7980. 14,903. saddle-bars. See saddles below. saddle girths. '93. 2144. 16,453. shackles for. '93. 7815. 14,088. '94. 8696. '95. 1928. 14,665. 15,999. '96. 7937. 10,249. slip-hooks. See hooks &c. above. slipping-devices f or, \_other than ^M^Aiooks]. '93. 700. 3411. 6681. 10,112. '94. 6938. 17,073. Harness and saddlery — cont. fastening — cont. slipping-devices for — cont. 19,093. '95. 94. 1775. 2989. 15,999. 20,317. '96. 1053. 3079. 16,669. 21,867. 22,071. 30,033. spring-attachments for. '55. 115. 2594. 23,282. 25,022. '94. 8696. 14,963. 19,434. '95. 7443. '96. 15,812. 27,328. spring catch or snap devices for. '93. 6166. 6681. '94. 19,093. '96. 16,669. 21,867. staples for. '93. 9187. straps and bands, [use not specified]. '96. 10,249. traces. '93. 115. 700. 2594. 3411. 5048. 6681. 8070. 10,112. 12,114. 17,271. 18,142. 21,898. 23,282. 24,159. '94. 1975. 4258. 4387. 7986. 8696. 9929. 11,779. 17,073. 19,093. 21,678. 22,016. '95. 1775. 2058. 2989. 3036. 5172. 7443. 12,071. 12,734. 14,384. 14,665. 15,999. 16,852. 17,542. 20,317. '96. 2378. 6034. 7937. 7980. 10,249. 11,467. 13,678. 15,812. 16,669. 17,583. 18,292. 21,867. 22,724. 27,328. 27,329. 30,033. tugs, shaft. '93. 17,271. '95. 1775. 14,665. '96. 6034. 18,827. 30,033. feet, stirrup attachments for keeping warm. See stirrups below. fly nets. See clothing for animals above. gags. See Abridgment Class Medicine &c. girths or rollers. See clothing for animals above. girths, saddle. See saddles below. grinding and polishing. See cleaning &c. above. grooming- pads. '96. 11,311. halters. See bridles &c. above. hames. See collars, neck above. harnessing, systems of. '94. 17,940. 20,254. '96. 11,049. 13,678. 27,328. headstalls. See bridles &c. above. hobbles. '93. 13,520. '94. 127. '95.7172. '96. bllb. horse-boots. '93. 6419. 6986. 23,868. '94. 20,722. 22,708. '95. 1037. 11,453. '96. 956. horse breaking and training. '93. 19,823. 21,726. '95. 2841. 10,299. 11,226. 18,754. 24,290. '96. 6399. 30,033. horse cloths. See clothing for animals above. hunting-crops. See whips &c. belov). inhalers. See Abridgment Class Medicine &c. interfering-rings and the like. '93. 6419. kicking-straps. See breeching above. knee-caps. '93. 6419. 20,111. 23,868. '96. 6552. 13,634. leather, artificial, for. See Abridgment Class Leather, leather- dressing compositions. See Abridgment Class Leather, leather, manufacture of. See Abridgment Class Leather, lining and padding. '93. 436. 8204. 10,077. 16,566. 18,745. 18,959. 23,028. 23,868. 24,819. '94. 14,703. 16,891. '95. 3395. 12,350. '96. 4791. 13,634. 22,363. pads. See pads for below. stuffing - materials. See stuffing - materials below. loops for straps. See fastening above. manes, devices for arranging. '93. 15,942. 1893] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1896 Harness and saddlery — cont. martingales. '93. 19,823. materials, \_other than stuffing-materials]. '95. 23,028. '94. 2767. 16,039. '95. 4517. 15,206. 18,895. 19,788. '96. 2378. 6034. measuring for. '93. 12,268. '95. 13,203. 22,453. '96. 21,685. muzzles. See Muzzles for animals, nosebags and food - containers. '93. 12,110. 23,871. '94. 3734. 23,305. '95. 80. 167. 592. 3288. 10,620. 14,006. 17.531. 20,934. 22,108. '96. 120. 587. 6034. 14,004. 19,836. 27,853. nosebands. See bridles &c. above. nostril-closing apparatus for checking horses. See bridles &c. above. numnahs. See saddles beloio. ornamenting special articles. See subheadings indicating the articles ornamented. overshoes or horse-boots. See horse-boota above. pack-saddles. See saddles below. pads for. '93. 7321. 10,077. 23,028. 23,868. '95. 4846. 5173. 12,969. 16,460. '96. 4212. 22,056. 27,644. patterns and models. '93. 2310. pole chains and straps. fastening. See fastening above. polishing. See cleaning &c. above. polishing pastes and powders. See Abridgment Class Grinding or abrading &c. preventing horses from falling. '93. 25,022. racks or stands for harness. See brackets &c. above. rein-holders. '93. 4481. 7300. '94. 8133. 12,058. 23,475. '95. 16,855. 22,703. '96. 4360. 6399. 25,400. reins, bridle. See bridles &c. above. reins or hitching-straps for halters. See bridles &c. above. reins, pillar. fastening. See fastening above. riveting-machines. '94. 18,674. rivets. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. rollers. See clothing for animals above. rosettes, bridle. See bridles &c. above. rugs. See clothing for animals above. runaway horses, releasing. '93. 3411. 6681. 8070. 10,112. 24,399. '95. 16,852. 20,317. '96. 1053. 17,583. 27,329. saddle-bags. See saddles below. saddle-bars. See saddles below. saddle cloths. See saddles beloiu. saddle pads for wearing on person. See Abridg- ment Class Wearing-apparel, saddles. '93. 222. 436. 1783. 1866. 2144. 2861. 3097. 3359. 3925. 4340. 5321. 5852. 7815. 8204. 9008. 10,077. 10,443. 11,260. 13,032. 13,280. 13,457. 15,953. 16,453. 16,566. 18,041. 23,028. 23,868. 24,027. 24,703. 24,819. '94. 621. 3349. 4165. 6694. 9175. 10,358. 11,781. 13,985. 16,039. 16,891. 20,151. 20,979. 22,196. '95. 500. 875. 2241. 2413. 2725. 3287. 3395. 3676. 4517. 4846. 5349. 6563. 7088. 7484. 9763. 10,607. 10,854. 11,178. 11,775. 12,643. 12,899. 13,409. 15,138. 15,206. 16,460. 18,110. 18,316. 18,469. 18,895. 19,013. 20,463. 21,806. 22,844. 24,802. '96. 689. 1165. 2268. 2313. 4212. 4791. 6034. 10,192. 11,324. 12,226. Harness and saddlery — cont. Sfl (1(11 p" PD')! f 13.381. 13,634. 13,711. 15,769. 16,658. 17,482. 17,761. 17,935. 17,994. 18,728. 18,798. 19,378. 20,373. 20,667. 20,699. 21,685. 22,147. 22,363. 24,002. 24,830. 25,403. 27,644. 27,699. 30,138. fastening girths. See fastening above. stuffing-materials for. See stuffing-materials below. scrapers, horse and like. See currycombs above. sewing-machines for. See Abridgment Class Sewing &c. shaft-tugs. See tugs, shaft below. singeing-apparatus. '95. 3888. 4864. slip-hooks. See fastening above. spurs and spur-carriers. '93. 9080. 10,986. '94. 1923. 18,830. 19,425. '95. 12,158. 12,539. 14,036. '96. 7626. stands for. See brackets &c. above. stirrup leathers. See saddles above. stirrups. '93. 3047. 6010. 6980. 13,620. 14,654. 19,498. '94. 556. 948. 962. 5907. 11,400. 12,399. 13,496. 18,287. 23,776. 24,635. '95. 2057. 2105. 6014. 13,840. '96. 2867. 16,333. 16,658. 29,647. stirrup straps, suspending. See saddles above. stopping and controlling runaway and restive horses. '93. 1145. 3816. 5854. 7300. 8193. 12,235. 13,520. 14,921. 17,724. 19,201. 21,726. '94. 5974. 9339. 12,387. 18,168. '95. 3863. 10,299. 11,062. 18,754. 21,218. '96. 437. 14,903. 22,071. 23,489. 28,357. 30,110. brakes for vehicles, applying. See Abridg- ment Class Road vehicles, storing water and other substances in. '96. 4791. straps and bands, \_use not specified]. '93. 9187. 16,123. 18,041. 23,868. '94. 2767. 19,093. '95. 8618. 14,665. 16,460. 19,566. 19,788. '96. 4791. 25,175. 25,176. fastening. See fastening above. stuffing-materials. '93. 436. 16,566. '94. 3920. 11,434. 23,856. '95. 18,110. 19,013. 20,601. 22,269. '96. 4791. sun and weather screens. '93. 12,110. surcingles. See clothing for animals above. surgical and medical appliances. See Abridgment Class Medicine &c. tails, adjusting for cutting. '94. 2357. tails, devices for controlling, breeching-attach- ments for. See breeching above. terrets and like guide-rings. '93. 10,308. 20,058. 21,898. 22,552. '94. 21,277. '95. 10,854. 15,138. '96. 13,711. tethering. See bridles &c. above. throwing animals, hobbles for. See hobbles above. traces. '93. 8193. 16,572. 23,868. 24,010. '94. 2767. 17,940. '95. 15,690. '96. 2378. fastening. See fastening above. tugs, hame. See collars, neck above. tugs, shaft. '93. 12,114. 18,429. '94. 13,631. '95. 1775. 7967. 12,227. 12,350. 14,665. 16,460. '96. 2688. 6034. 18,827. fastening. See fastening above. ventilation. '93. 11,260. 13,457. 23,868. '95. 592. 4846. 12,969. 17,531. 20,934. 22,108. '96. 22,363. 30,138. 1893] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1896 Harness and saddlery— (;o»;. watering-appliances or nosebags. See nosebags &c. ahove. waterproofing. See Abridgment Class Water- proof &c. fabrics, whip-hanging devices. See brackets &c. above. whips and hunting-crops. '93. 12,089. 15,321. '94. 131. 4881. 11,192. 13,764. 15,237. 21,742. 24,606. 24,800. '95. 1962. 4136. 6247. '96. 2631. 13,513. 19,116. 25,347. whip-sockets and like whip holders. '93. 1395. 10,903. 16,950. '94. 1410. wire- stitching machines. See Abridgment Class Nails &c. Head or sun screens for animals. See Harness &c. Hitching or tethering animals. See Tethering animals. Hobbles for animals. See Harness &c. Horse-boots. See Harness &c. Horse clippers and the like. '93. 2881 7900. 10,181. 11,657. 12,140. 12,177. 15,652. 16,599. 17,825. 22,254. 23,572. 24,020. '94 2014. 4634. 5185. 13,340. 15,923. 16,142. 17,428. 18,790. 21,875. 22,845. 23,903. '95. 67. 1384. 2933. 7759. 7989. 9246. 13,352. 16,549. 17,923. 21,840. '96. 2662. 12,397. 18,467. 22,612. adjusting tails for cutting. See Harness &c. sharpening. See Abridgment Class Grinding or abrading &c. shears. See Abridgment Class Cutlery. Horse clothing. See Harness &c. Horse collars. See Harness &c. Horse droppings, Devices for catching. See Harness &c. Horse-gears. See Ahridg7nent Glass Animal-power engines &c. Horse rugs and blankets. See Harness &c. Horses, Muzzles for. See Muzzles for animals. Horses, Preventing from falling. See Harness &c. Horses, Training and breaking-in. See Training and breaking-in horses &c. Hunting-crops or whips. See Harness &c. Interfering rings for horses. See Harness &c. Elnee-caps for animals. See Harness &c. Ziassos for dog's and other animals. '-^3 11,528. Manes, Devices for arranging. See Harness &c. Mangers or nosebags. See Harness &c. Martingales. See Harness &c. Measuring for harness. See Harness &c. Models, Harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Mouth-bars or bits. See Harness &c. muzzles for animals. '93. 6537. 14,714. '95. 3337. 11,940. 12,213. 14,157. 24,458. '96. 4740. 5692. Nets or clothing for animals. See Harness &c. Nosebags for animals. See Harness &c. Numnahs. See Harness &c. Pack -saddles. See Harness &c. Pads for harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Patterns for harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Pegs, Tethering. See Tethering animals. Picketing or tethering animals. See Tethering animals. Polishing harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Racks or stands for harness. See Harness &c. Reins and rein holders. See Harness &c. Riveting harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Rollers or clothing for animals. See Harness &c. Rosettes, Harness. See Harness &c. Rugs, Horse. See Harness &c. Runaway horses, Releasing and stopping. See Harness &c. Saddle-bags. See Harness &c. Saddle cloths. See Harness &c. Saddles and girths. See Harness &c. Scrapers or eombs, Animal. See Harness &c. Screens for animals. Sun and weather. S$e Harness &c. Shaft-tugs. See Harness &c. Shearing or clipping machines. See Horse clippers &c. Sheets or rugs, Horse. See Harness &c. Singeing-apparatus for horses. See Harness &c. Snaffle bits. See Harness &c. Spurs. See Harness &c. Stirrups and stirrup leathers. See Harness &c. Stocks for holding animals. See Animals, Stocks &c. for holding. Stopping runaway horses. See Harness &c. Straps and bands, Harness and saddlery. See Harness &c. Stuffing-materials for harness. See Harness &c. TJl 1893] SUBJECT-MATTER INDEX. [1896 Sun screens for animals. See Harness «S:c. Tails, Horses', Adjusting for cutting. See Harness &c. Taming horses and other animals. See Training and breaking-in horses &c. Terrets and like guide-rings. See Harness &c. Tethering- animals. '94. 11,775. 24,343. '96. 3393. Excepting Harness &c. ; for which see that heading. coin- f reed " caretakers." See Abridgment Class Coin-freed apparatus &c. stable fittings. See Alridgnient Class Buildings &c. Throwing animals, Harness for. Traces. See Harness &c. See Harness &c. Training- and breaking--in horses and other animals. '98. 3459. '95. 2841. 5330. 6813. 9559. '96. 27,472. Excepting Harness &c., (horse breaJcing and training) ; Road vehicles, [Abridgment Class Road vehicles] ; for which see those headings. Tugs, Harness. See Harness &c. Weather screens attached to harness. See Harnosa &c. Whips and whip sockets. See Harness &c. 1893] i^AME INDtlX. [1896 NAME INDEX. The names in itaJics arc those oC persons by whom inventions have been communicated to the applicants for Letters Patent. Abell, H. H ,.'95. 14,843 Aitchison, J. T '95. 3839 AIberti)i,G '93. 6537 Albery, W '95. 7967 Allison, J. F '95. 8618 AUsopp, E '96. 17,935 Anderson, A '95. 14,036 „ J. W '95. 1962 Andersson, J. '96. 15,392 Armstrong, C '93. 409 ArriarAn, P..... '95. 3863 Ash, W '96. 24,002 Ashberry, P '93. 10,181 Aspinall, H. E '93. 23,282 Atkin, H '93. 11,473 Austin, B....:93. 15,652. 23,572 '95. 7759 Bailey Manufacturiiig Co., Gleason& ..'96. 11,663 Bailey, R. D. '93. 23,868 „ W. H '94. 17,411 Ballack, C. A '95. 12,734 Barber, E '95. 5945 Bargate, G '93. 16,123 Barnes, J. E. L '93. 21,047 „ W '93. 10,181 Barnett, L '95. 12,969 Barnsby, J. A. '96. 2313 Barrat, C. W '94. 556 Barton, R '93. 18,142 Bartram, J '94. 10,913 Bar well, W.... '95. 6165. 2.3,282 Bauch,K '96. 27,853 Baumann, R '93. 24,010 Baxter, J. G. '96. 3079 Bean, C. B '95. 22,453 Beebee, B '94. 20,979 „ J '94. 20,979 Behrens, N '94. 23,475 Bellocq, C '95. 13,840 Bennett, T. '96. 28,357 Berg, T '96. 3393 Biebuyck, G. .'93. 2861 '94. 6694. 22,196. '96. 1165 P 1136a-Harness &c. Bill, D. K '94. 14,051 Billings, F. W '96. 4791 Bird, G '95. 2413 „ G. C '93. 838 Birtz, N '93. 13,520 Blake, B. '93. 20,058 Blyth, & Co., Brace, Windle. '94. 9175 Blyth, W. E '96. 23,459 Bobb, G.... '93. 9823 Booth, J '95. 4864 Bosenius, R '95. 10,299 Bouch-Tremayne, T. J '95. 11,089 Boult, A. J '93. 115. 10,112 21,726. '94. 3920. 10,358 Bourrelley, G '93. 11,260 Bowdler,W '93. 13,620 Bowman, J '96. 13,634 Bowmar, G. '95. 7989 Bown, W.... '93. 17,825 '94. 18,790 Boyce, J '96. 14,903 Brace, Windle, Blyth, & Co. '94. 9175 Bradley, G.F '96. 12,407 Brambley, S. H '96. 6166 Brampton, F. W '95. 12,539 Brazenor, G. ...'95. 12,643. '96. 6034 Brendon, G '95. 4136 Breul, R. A '95. 20,390 Brierley, W '96. 7097 Brigg, T. H '96. 13,678 Brindle, J. H '94. 17,411 Bringham, F. J '93. 16,123 Bristow, C '95. 12,227 Brodie, J '95. 14,665 Bromwich, W. A '95. 16,852 Brookes, A. G '95. 7702 Brooks, J. W.... '93. 9080 Brown, C '94. 6938 Browne, N '93. 4481 Burge, M. L '95. 20,934 Burgess, C.H '94. 11,779 13,631 „ F. T '96. 10,557 is Burgon, C '93. 24,020 '94. 4634 „ H '93. 24,020 '94. 4634 Burke, F.H '95. 20,597 Burman, T '94. 22,845 '95. 2933. 13,352 „ W. H '94. 22,845 '95. 2933. 13,352 Burnup, J. M '93. 11,260 Burt, W. H. '96. 1395 Burvill-Holmes, E...'95. 14,914 Butler Hard Riihher Co '95. 15,361 Butler, J. E ....'95. 19,194 Bywater, W. M ..'94. 13,985 Calantarients, J. A. ..'94. 20,151 Callwell, G. N '93. 6419 Camille, A. A ....'96. 13,381 Capewell, G ....'93. 17,825 Carr, H. '93. 20,111 Carrington, H '93. 19,498 '94. 948 Carruthers, B '93. 16,572 Carter, P '94. 556 Castle, T '96. 5775 Cave, H '95. 24,239 Cawdery, J. W '96. 16,330 Chadwick, W. I '95. 13,203 Chandler, R. T '95. 592 Chapin, W. R '96. 18,827 Charlesworth, A..... '93. 578 Chopping, A '94. 16,895 Clark, W... '9^. 17,428. '95. 9246 21,840 Clarke, C.H '94. 13,764 „ H '95. 22,269 „ T. U. .........'95. 24,027 '96. 2160 Clarkson, E. J. '94. 15,923 Clements, T '96. 22,056 Closa, F. Garcia-. ...'93. 10,112 Cochrane, D. M. B. H., Earl of Dundonald. '96. 11,049. 14,004. 25,347 b 18931 NAME INDEX. [i8d6 Colchester, E. S '94. 17,514 Coles, G '96. 22,612 Coltman, F. J '94. 15,842 Conger, C. A '93. 21,047 Cooper, C. H '96. 25,317 „ S. A...'95. 3676. 15,138 '96. 24,830. 25,400 „ W '96. 29,647 Co-operative Padlock Society. '94. 24,512 Cope, B. E. T '93. 6980 14,654 „ J '94. 18,287 Corp, J '94. 17,073 '95. 14 384 Coupland, W. J '96. 11^334 Cox, H. W. C '95. 7989 Craig, W. J '95. 2241 Crawford, W '96. 437 Cresswell, T '95. 875 Creutzfeldt, G. F. H '96. 23,489 Croker, F '95. 12,350 Culpin, A '93. 1469 Curtis, D.. '95. 12,969 Cuthbert,E. G '96. 6552 Damnitz, E. von '93. 4186 Danton, H '94. 11,434 Davies, E. P '93. 6166 Davis, A '93. 16,908 „ W '94. 4881 Defoy, L '94. 17,248 Denham, W. H '95. 12,899 Desprez, E. M '93. 23,028 Dewsbury, A '94. 5907 '96. 5325 Doggett, H. W. T...:96. 30,110 Douglas, E '95. 13,408 Dowier, H '94. 18,674 Draydon, G '94. 7986 „ J '94. 7986 Duly, W. H '95. 5172 5173 Duncan, A '94. 23,305 „ G. G '95. 14,665 Dundonald, D. M. B. H. Coch- rane, Earl of. ... '96. 11,049. 14,004. 25,347. Edwards, E '94. 24,635 Eggers, H. F. H. ....'94. 13,496 Egginton, M '94. 20,564 Egholm, C '96. 12,226 Ehler, P. L '94. 11,400 Eichelmann, P '96. 7097 Eli, A. J '93. 6537 Elliott, F '96. 956 „ J '93. 22,996 Ellis, W '94. 11,497 Emmett, H '93. 12,268 „ J '93. 12,268 Erselius, L '96. 30,138 Evans, W '94. 16,039 Fairie, J '94. 16,891 Farn, W '96. 2160 Feeny, V. I '94. 13,340 Felker, M. 0 '94. 131 Fistie, E. '94. 3920 FitzRoy, E. M '95. 18,895 Flack, M. C '93. 22,552 Flavell, J. W '93. 17,825 Flemming, R '95. 7088 Floyd, C. A '95. 16,852 Ford, M '93. 12,140 Forrester, C. C '96. 20,667 Francis, W. G '95. 18,052 FranJce, J. H. '93. 4481 Eraser, H '95. 2105 Fris, A. A '94. 8696 Frost, H '94. 23,776 Funt, J. '94. 12,296 Gallico, A, de Rossi- '93. 12,110 Gamble, S. L '93. 18,142 Garcia-Closa, F. '93. 10,112 Gardner, A '93. 19,201 Gamier, E '94. 11,497 '95. 2572. 15,690. 20,601 '96. 7937. Gautier, E '95. 9559 George, W '93. 3816 Gibbings, A '95. 7172 Giles. F '93. 2594 Gillette, M. G '95. 17,923 Gleason & Bailey Manvfacturing Co '96. 11,663 Gnosill, Parkes & ...'93. 21,407 '95. 7443 Goddard, J '94. 2767 Godden, W. J '93. 15,942 Godkin,S '95. 3395 Gonne, C. M '96. 19,055 Gorman, J '95. 11,062 Gray, A '96. 2662 „ F '94. 3734 Greejie, C. '94. 13,340 Gregg, J. W '93. 18,041 Gruber, C '95. 6014 Guerra, E '95. 10,607 Guitton, E '96. 27,472 Gummersbach, H. ...'95. 13,840 Haas, S. H '93. 12,114 Haddorf, J. M. '94. 13,496 „ L '94. 13,496 Hainsworth, J. S. ...'96. 24,222 Hall, H. P '96. 13,513 „ W '94. 11,192 Hallen, A. H '95. 167 Hamilton, G '93. 16,950 Hampson, W '93. 10,443 13,620. '95. 3839 Hardingham, G. G. M '94 4387 X Hardtke, H '94. 18,830 Harries, G. E '94. 11,781 Harris, W. G '94. 5185 Hart, A. E '93. 18,429 Hawkshaw, E. C. '94. 4387 Hayes, A '93. 10,443 „ M. H '93. 9008 Heath, R '93. 6986 Hemmings, J. F '95. 80 Hemmingway, J. I. ...'93. 5890 Hennig, M. C '95. 18,754 Henson, W.J '96. 27,644 Hepworth, J '93. 7815 Hewitt, J '93. 1783 Hickson, G. W '93. 11,657 Hill, J. A '95. 16,549 „ R '96. 15,812 Hillhouse, D '96. 12,397 Hitchcock, J. P '96. 11,467 Hobday, F. T. G '95. 6314 Hobson,M. M '95. 16,830 Hocking, E. C. '95. 7702 Hodge, W '93. 14,088 Hohenstreben, E. von '95. 11,775 Holloway, G '96. 19,378 Holmes, E. Burvill- '93. 14,914 Hopewell, J. '94. 15,407 15,408 Hottelart, L '93. 25,022 „ Y '93. 25,022 Howarth, J. W '96. 18,827 Howell, J ....'95. 1962 Howells, W '95. 13,409 Hughes, E '94. 9929 Huguenin, A '96. 2867 F '96. 2867 Ingels, L '93. 18,959 Inglefield, E. F '93. 16,908 Jack, J '93. 16,572 Jacks, F '96. 4360 JacksoD, C '95. 11,453 „ H. H '95. 18,316 Jagelitz, C ...'93. 12,235 James, D. W. H '94. 127 „ G. O '94. 18,176 Jarvis, J '93. 17,271 Jeffries, A '94. 1410 „ E '94. 1410 „ J. G '94. 1410 Jenkins, CD '96. 18,467 „ R '93. 10,308 Johnson, J. Y '94. 16,142 „ T '94. 20,722 Jones, A. M '94. 15,237 Jones, F.N '96. 2688 Jones, T.R '96. 18,798 Judge, T. A .'95. 16,549 Justice, P. M '94. 15,923 23,856 1893] NAME INDEX. [1896 Kaaing, C '03. 13,280 Keelor, A. Z 93. 14,014 Kellett,R. B '96. 5G9-2 Kempster, T '96. 22,10S Kidman, J '96. 689 Kings, T.W '94. 2014 Kirkman, W. T '94. 9339 Kliigel, F. E R '93. 7300 Knauf, O '93. 13,280 Konski, S '95. 2057 Krause, M. A '96. 27,328 27,329 Krctzschmar, A '93. 21,726 Kiihn, G '95. 12,158 '96. 7626 Lake, H. H '93. 11,528 '95. 11,226 Lalanne, E '95. 3287. 7484 Langdon, W. J '94. 4165 Lariat Manufacturing Co. ...'93. 11,528 LarssoD, C. A '96. 15,769 Larue, C '94. 24,3-13 Latta, R '93. 436 Lavine, J. F '94. 2357 Lawton, C '95. 9763 Lazarus, A '96. 4360 Leatherby, C. B '93. 13,457 Leobner, J '96. 17,583 Leckie, J '93. 21,898 „ J. A '93. 2310 „ W. G '93. 2310 '95. 6563 Lefebvre, T. L '93. 700 Leiterer, N '96. 22,071 Levi, S. H '96. 2631 Lindsay, A. L '96. 18,827 Lipsky, A '95. 16,855 Little, D '94. 16,142 Lorrain, J. G....'S5. 3287. 7484 Luck, M. S '94. 1975 Luke, W '94. 17,940 Maasen, H '94. 12,387 McCallum, C '94. 16,456 McChesney, J '96. 30,110 McCreery, J '95. 24,802 McDonald, A. R '96. 22,363 MacGregor, W. P '95. 1384 McHardy, A '95. 2105 Machell, H '94. 12,058 Mack, A '93. 4088 McKenny, J '95. 17,401 McKenzie, D. W '93. 3459 Mackenzie, J. W '.96. 11,663 McLardy, J. E '93. 23,871 McLean, W '96. 22,612 McLennan, A. F. ...'94. 16,891 Malet, H. S '93. ]866 Mansuy, C. F '96. U,355 Marquardt, J '96. 1053 Marsden,M. W '94. 23,856 Marsteller, E. Y '93. 14,914 Martin, A '93. 12,177 „ J. M '93. 3097. 4340 Mason, B '93. 3907 „ J '94. 17,411 Mattbew, W '95. 8266 Maxwell, E '96. 3571 Maybew, F. W '93. 3925 16 453 Metcalf, J. A '95. '500 Meyer, C '93. 3359 Meyer, J...- '93. 24,819 '95. 15,766 Meyers, J. C '96. 587 Meybew, F. W '96. 4212 Micbel, P. M '96. 27,699 Middleditcb, H. A. W....'95. 94 Midclleton, F. L '95. 16,460 '96. 25,175. 25,176 Mibaloczy, A '94. 12,399 Mills, T. W '94. 21,678 „ W '94. 14,963 Miner, W '95. 19,194 Mitcbell, N '93. 222 Monsallier, J. J '93. 1145 Mrose, F. W. '94. 24,635 Mullen, J. A '95. 21,218 Miiller, M '94. 21,742 24,800 Muller, V '94. 24,606 Mullin, J '96. 2386 Mulliner, H, H '95. 11,453 Nelson, W '93. 2881 Newall, J. W '94. 23,903 Newall, J. W. '96. 2662 Newbold, A. T '94. 17,411 Newbould, J '93. 14,371 Newburgb-Stewart, H. B,....'93. 5321. '96. 18,728 Newton, G. F. B '95. 3888 Nicbolls, J. 0. '95. 3676 15,138 Nicklin, S '96. 20,373 „ W '95. 20,463 Nightingale, W. H '95. 1037 3337 Niven, J. J '93. 2881 Noakes, W. M. '94. 15,923 Norfolk, H.C '96. 22,724 Norwood, J. E ..'93. 24,399 O'Connell, A '95. 17,542 O'Connor, J. L '93. 18,843 „ S '96. 2268 Obi, G. D '93. 13,476 Oldersbaw, S '95. 1037 Osment, T '96. 17,761 Ostermann, R '94. 19,425 Ottaway, J. P '93. 14,921 '94. 18,168 Overend, W. J '95. 20,597 Oxborrow,F. S '94. 21,277 xi Paley, G '95. 19,013 Palmer, J '94. 6546 Parkes & Gnosill... '93. 21,407. '95. 7443 Parkes, J '93. 21,407 '95. 7443 Parkinson, J '95. 10,620 Peard, J. H. H '95. 7172 Pearson, J '93. 14,088 Peasgood, J. F '95. 18,110 Penn, W. J '95. 3337 Peronnet, J '94. 11,434 Perrinon, P '94. 962 Petitfils, J. F. V '95. 4517 Philpot, A. M '93. 5048 „ F '93. 5048 Pbilpott, T. S '95. 5945 Picazo-Soriano, A. ...'93. 10,112 Pilkington, J. K '96. 30,033 Pitman, C. W '94. 21,875 Pliler, 0. K '94. 10,358 Polzin, E '95. 16,335 Poppe, a '93. 18,745 Poppleton, T '96. 28,309 Pottie, A '95. 24,802 „ J. D '93. 14,714 Prescott, S.J '95. 2572 15,690. 20,601. '96. 7937 Price, B. C. H '95. 6247 Prutton, R. L 93. 6165 Pullen, E '94. 16,895 Purdie, J. J '93. 7321 Rae,J '93. 7900 Ratb, A. I '93. 16,566 Ratbbone, F '95. 19,194 Redfern, G. F '95. 15,361 Redmond, L '93. 10,077 Reed, J '93. 24,159 Rees, J. P '96. 11,324 Refardt, G '93. 3359 Rhodes, J '96. 10,249 Richards, J '95. 11,415 '94. 19,106 „ J. W '93. 5862 '96. 21,685. 22,147 Richardson, J '95. 21,806 '96. 6957 „ W '95. 21,806 '96. 6957 Ricketts, A '93. 2969 Risch,L von '94. 19,772 Ritchie, C. B '95. 14,006 Robertson, F. S '93. 8070 „ J.M '96. 18,827 „ J. P '95. 10,854 Robinson, A. D '93. 9080 „ P '96. 10,192 Rogerson, A '93. 22,992 Roller, G. C '96. 17,482 Rooney, J. J '93. 13,032 Rose, C. E '95. 18,469 Rossi Gallico, A. de '93. 12,110 1693] NAME INDEX. [189^ Royston, E. R '95. 16,460 '96. 25,175. 25,176 Sandron, A.J '95. 4517 Sayer, R. C '94. 5974 Schelze, C '95. 12,213 Schilling, 0 '93. 1395 Schmitz, J '96. 2378 Bohroter, A. F '95. 11,178 Schwarz, S '94. 15,472 Schwarzenberger, S...'96. 21,867 Scott, D '96. 11,311 „ J '93. 3047. 6010 10,443. 13,620. '95. 3839 „ J. W '94. 6839 Sedgwick, T '96. 3617 Sewell, F. G. G '94. 14,703 '96. 17,994 „ H.J '94. 14,703 '96. 17 994 Seymour, B '94. 8133 Sharp, A. R '95. 12,071 Shepherd, F '94. 19,434 Silver, C.T '93. 16,599 „ D '93. 16,599 Simmonds. T. H '96. 20,699 Simonds, W. E '95. 11,226 Simpson, A. H '95. 53.80 Sinton, W. F '95. 19,788 Skinner, D. M '93. 24,917 Sleep, R. H '95. 9884 '96. 18,292 „ W. H '95. 9884 '96. 18,292 Sloan, R. A '93. 16,123 Smith, C. '95. 885 Smith, D '95. 2802 „ S '95. 15,999 Sommer, R ....'95. 16,335 Soriano, A. Picazo-....'93. 10,112 Spauldiiig, A '93. 21,047 Spem-, £ '95. 16,460 '96. 25,175. 25,176 Spence, R. J. P '95. 19,566 Spohr, P '94. 15,786 Squier, F. W '93. 5321 Sta^nfield, W. A '93. 8204 Stanley, H. A '95. 22,844 '96. 13,711 Stephan,J. '93. 21,726 Stevens, A '95. 5854 ., F. E '95. 67 „ G. F '95. 67 Stewart, E. J '96. 23,810 „ H. R. Newburgh- '93. 5321. '96. 18,728 Stokes, H '96. 19,116 Storer, W. J '95. 22,703 Storrar, R '95. 19,566 Sumner, J '93. 19,823 Surman, J. G '96. 16,658 Sutcliffe, J. A '95. 19,013 Swales, F '93. 549 Swift, I '96. 24,002 Symons, J '93. 24,027 TaafEe, P '93. 9187 Tappenden, R '95. 2058 Taunton, R. H '96. 19,378 Taylor, H '94. 18,287 „ J. H '95. 11,940 Thacker, R. E '94. 621 Thierry, A. de '95. 15,206 Thomas, L.P '93. 17,724 Thompson, J '93. 12,089 '95. 6813 „ J. A '94. 20,254 W. P '93. 18,745 '94. 11,400. 13,496. 19,772 24,606. '95. 885. Thorpe, 0. J '96. 19,836 Thorring, N. N. '94. 10,358 Tonge, J. H '96. 3475 Tooley, A.W '95. 3288 17,531. '96. 120 Torrens, J. A '94. 11,775 ToMc;«, IF. '94. 6546 Tower, J. J '93. 22.254 Tozer, S '93. 10,010 Trees, J '94. 9175 Tremayne, T. J. Bouch- ...'95. 11,089 Turner, D. S '95. 12,921 Tyree, W '96. 2688 Upton, A. C '93. 15,321 „ E. R '93. 15,321 „ W. S '93. 15,321 Vargyas,E. de '95. 24,458 Vascirhelye, A '95. 20,317 Yenables, J '95. 3036 Vero, W '93. 6681 Vincent, H '94. 5907 Wagemann,P .....'96. 25,403 Wagg, H. J '93. 15,023 TraZ7<;e, C. '95. 12,071 Wall, F. W '95. 4846 Walsh, J. E '95. 14,157 Walter, J. S '94. 19,093 „ W. M '94. 19,093 Walton, H '95. 2989 Warner, F '95. 24,327 Wedge, D '96. 5324 „ J '96. 5324 Weightman, A '96. 4740 „ W.F '96. 4740 Welsh, J '96. 6399 West, F '93. 10,903 Weston, B.S '95. 2725 '96. 16,669 „ D '95. 6524 „ H '93. 15,953 TTesto??, P. J5 '95. 6524 Weston, P. B '95. 12,734 Westwood, C. J '96. 3079 Wethered, E. R '96. 25,066 TfAea^, J. J. '93. 115 Whitby, A '94. 15,842 White,J '95. 4846 Whitehead, E. A '95. 1384 Whittingham, T. R. '96. 24 222 Wilhelmy, W '95. 5349 Williams, C. S '95. 18,469 Wilson, G '94. 6399 „ J.J '94. 8092 „ R '95. 1775 Wilton, H. S '93. 2144 24,703. '95. 2725. '96. 16,669. Wincer, A '94. 3349 Windle, Blyth, & Co., Brace. '94. 9175 Withers, S '93. 10,986 '94. 1923 „ T. G '93. 10,986 '9^. 1923 Wolseley Sheep Shearing Ma- chine Co '93. 15,652 23,572. '95. 7759 Wood, A '93. 3411. 8193 '94. 4258. 19,093. 22,016 '96. 7980. „ F. H '94. 22,708 Woodrufe, W. T '95. 1928 Wood^, H. B. '95. 2841 Wright, T '94. 24,512 Wulff, E '95. 20,317 Wyatt, G. P '93. 24,159 Zerjal, A '95. 19,134 ERRATUM. Page 1. The abridgment of No. 195 should be deleted. xa HARNESS AND SADDLERY. Patents have been granted in all oases, unless otherwise stated. Di-a wings accompany the Specification where the abridgment is illustrated and also where the words Drawings to Specifioation follow the date. The price of each Specification is 8d. including postage. A.D. 1893. FiC 5 115. Soult, A.. J., [Wheat, J. J.]. Jan. 3. F(ide)iing traces. The device is for lessening the jerks and strains due to the rigid attachment of the traces to the cross-bar or thills. The Figure shows an elevation, partly in section, of the spring device, which consists of a base plate A for attachment to the vehicle, a cap B carrying the cockeye P for attachment to the trace, and a spring K the hooked ends of which engage with pins E, N on the base plate and cap respectively. The cap is held to the base plate by a bolt 0 passing through sleeves L, C, and the spring is kept normally under a slight strain by means of lugs on the base plate and cap respectively ; one of these is shown at D. An external pin on the cap engaging with a pin on the base plate may replace these lugs. The forward movement of the cap may be limited by a similar pin or by the engagement of the cockeye with a bolt through the boss G-. 195. Peake, BE. A. Jan. 4. Crib-biting, preventing. — The woodwork of the manger or other stable fitting is covered with a woollen mat or cover which has been soaked in a solution of aloes, and sprinkled with cayenne pepper and gum arable. 222. Mitchell, N. Jan. 4. Belly hands and girths, electropathic, are formed with Pulvermacher or other chains let into parts. The chains are connected by means of wires D twisted helically, or otherwise arranged to pass through the elastic portions F. E, E are the usual terminal knobs, and C are overlapping front connections. P 11362-1000-4/95 Wt 435 D&S 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. 1893 409. Armstrong*. C. Jan. 9. Bits and bridles. — The part of the bit which comes into contact with the mouth has an undu- lating outline L, either throughout its whole length or in part only. This improvement may- be applied to Segundo and Bentinck bits. The bit rings P are attached to the bridle and to the reins G by a running noose, as shown. The loop F is sewn to the end of the rein and passes freely over the other part. The reins are cut to a wedge- shape, as shown at M, and the throat straps of bridles are dispensed with. 436. Ziatta, R. Jan. 9. Saddles are stuffed with two or more air inflated bags or pads made of stout twill, india - rubber, or other air tight material. Fig. 1 shows two bags A, B arranged under one side of a saddle between the panel and lining. Or the bags may be inserted in slits formed in the lining. Each bag is provided with a tube F for inflating same. 549. Swales, P. Jan. 10. Bits. — The object is to prevent a horse from getting the bar between his teeth, or to compel a horse to immediately free the bar when so held. A separate mouth- piece is employed, con- sisting of a bar a bent and curved at its ends b to act as wedges, and provided with balls c of rubber or metal &c. This mouthpiece may be used separately as a snaffle, or may be combined as a bridoon with a Liverpool bit, as shown, or with other bits. When combined with a second bit, a suitable connection / is pro- vided ; and when used separately the hooks b are replaced by rings. 578. Charles- worth , A. Jan. 11. Hames. — A bar a, with a reduced part at the centre, is inserted in the tube or case b, which is then swaged down to fit the same, form- ing a neck ¥ for the reception of a metal socket d^ formed on or con- nected to the hame- plate or hook. 700. liefebvre, T. !•. Jan. 12. Fastening back bands and traces to the shafts of road vehicles. The back band is connected to a buckle F carried by a loop E formed in a piece with the bar H, which has a hook h and loop / for parts of the trace. The combined parts E, H are secured to the shaft (shown in dotted lines) by a spring bolt enclosed in the case A and operated by a lever 0 with cord c. The case A is convex to correspond with the shaft, to which it is fixed by screws passing through the slots J, J in the cover plate I. 838. Bird, G-. C. Jan. 13. Fastening. — Snap hooks for bridle bits, rack chains, pillar reins, &c. The free point of the tongue b is protected by the overlapping end d, Fig. 1 , of the body of the hook or by a shield e, Fig. 2, pivoted at c A second shield /is fitted to the other limb of the hook as shown. (^For Drawings see nextpage^) 1893] ABKIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 838. 1145. BXonsallier, J. J. Jan. 18. Stopping runaway horses. — Tlie nostrils of the animal are closed by pads j adjustably secured to levers rf, pivoted at e to the cheeks of the bit and bent below as shown, so as to be operated simultaneously by a strap through the eyes g. 1395. Schilling-, O. Jan. 23. FIC.2. «-^ ^^ Whip sockets or holders for attachment to various articles are constructed with two V-pieces c, d connected by a screw e pivoted at /and by a screw g pivoted at h and engaging a slot in the end i of the clamp d. 1469. Culpin, A. Jan. 23. Bits. — The mouthbar is grooved longitudinally on the top to receive a re- movable rod C, carrying at each end a lever D and in the middle a plate E, provided with a projection or a pricker Gr with a spring shield. Extra reins are attached to the loops J so that when they are pulled the tongue is acted upon to restrain the animal. The plate E may be moved more rapidly by using toothed gearing. 1783. Hewitt, J. Jan. 26. Stirrup-straiys^ sus- pending.— The loop c carrying the stir- rup strap d is sup- ported by the stud h projecting from the base plate a fixed to the saddle-tree. The loop c is kept on the stud h under ordinary conditions bv a spring cap g. The front of the stud is bevelled so that a strong rear- ward pull disen- gages the stirrup strap. An upward pull also disengages the strap by the lifting of the spring ^ cap g. Should the cap or other part become injured the loop c may be attached to the hook i. 1866. malet, K. S. Jan. 27. Stirrup - straps, sus- pending.— The fasten- ing consists of a plate having top and bottom folding plates A. The top plate is held down by a spring and is slotted at D. The stirrup leather carries a ring C which is held by the plates A, and is attached to the rider through the slot D. by a string which passes P 11362 1-a I8d3] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 2144. Wilton, H. S. Jan. 31. Saddle-girths. — The buckles B are formed with hooks C so that they may be adjusted upon the straps A, A secured at both ends to one end of the girth. 2310. Zieckie, W. G., and Zieckie, J. A. Feb. 2. Pattern saddles. — The object is to obviate the necessity for a commercial traveller to carry with him a separate pattern for every variety of saddle that he wishes to exhibit. The flaps, Fig. 9, are detachably connected to the saddle top, Fig. 8, the two sides of which may be differently formed, as shown at A, B. Thus by interchanging several detached flaps and saddle tops a large variety of patterns may be exhibited. 2594. Giles, F. Feb. 6. Fastening traces. The trace hooks C are formed with ex- tensions, such as D, fitted with helical springs, such as A, en- closed in cylinders B, so that the hook yields to the pull of the draught animal. The spring hooks may be fitted to the cross-bar Gr connecting the shafts or to the shafts themselves , or if whipple-trees are used they may be attached to the vehicle by similar spring devices. 2861. Biebuyck, G-. Feb. 9. [Date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, 1883, July 16th, 1892.] Stirrup - straps, sus - pending . — Improve- ments on the invention described in Specifica- tion No. 18,194, A.D. 1889. As in the former Specification, the stir- rup strap is attached to a loop E supported by its pin F upon the curved piece A carried by a plate X fixed to the saddle-tree. The pin F, however, is normally kept in place by a centrally pivoted plate 1 of the shape shown. When the stirrup strap is pulled in an abnormal manner this plate rotates, forcing back the spring pin 4 or 4" by one of its horns 3 or 3", thus freeing the pin F with the loop E. zy>^ 2881. Nelson, W., and Niven, J. J. Feb. 9. Horse d-c. clippers. — Relates to a water, air, or other fluid motor combined with a horse-clipper or like apparatus. Figs. 1 and 2 show a sectional elevation and plan respectively of the motor. The water &c. is forced through the tube F' and sucked through the tube F^ or, in the case of compressed air, simply allowed to escape through the tube F^. In its passage from one tube to the other the fluid impinges against the vanes h^ of the disc B and causes it to rotate, thus driving the crank C^ which engages with a slot in the cutter lever and effects its rapid oscillation. The motor may be used to drive the flexible shaft of clippers of the Wolseley type. 4, 1893] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HAENESS &c. [1893 2969. Xlicketts, A. Fel) 10. Foi^t'^niiig. — Fig. 2 shows a side view of the slip hook for connecting the pole chains to the liames. The hook consists of a back part b, provided at one end with a shackle a and at the other with a stud /^ and of a front part/', which turns on a central pivot (not shown) and is held normally over the stud h by a spiral spring contained in the hollow part c. 3047. Scott, J. Feb. 11. n '■3 FIC.j Stirrups. — Improvements on the invention de- scribed in Specification No. 1765, A.D. 1885. The inner bow B carrying the tread C is arranged to pivot in both directions upon the outer bow in- stead of in one direction only. It is therefore immaterial in which way the stirrup is hung. The inner bow is prevented from turning too readily by pins F fitting into sockets in the outer bow A. 3097. DIartin, J. M. Feb. 11. A Saddles, ladies'. The object is to enable the rider to raise the off-side flap and to adjust the girth and stirrup leather without dismounting. The flap is held down by a spring which may be over- come by using sufficient force. The Figure shows a plan of the front portion of a saddle-tree in which the flap is held down by a spring s acting on a hinged blade b fitting into a pocket in the flap. The spring s may be replaced by a spring bolt. The stirrup leather is fastened at one end to the piece e, is then threaded through the stirrup, and after passing along the channel or guide g is secured by a stud &c. «'. 3359. Refardt, G-., and IlKeyer, C. Feb. 15 PIC. I Saddle - girths. — The girth is made elastic by the in- troduction of spiral springs C near its ends. Interlocking rods within these springs prevent overstretching. 3411. Wood, A. Feb. 15. Fastening traces and pole chains. The object is to release runaway and fallen horses. Fig. 1 shows a section of the roller bolt of a splinter or draw bar and Fig. 4 a section of the pole head fastening. In Fig. 1 the roller bolt r for the trace is secured to the base / by a spring bolt b which is held in place by a swivelling cap h with hook n. The spring bolt may be operated by a lever within reach of the driver, as described in Specification No. 23,668, A.D. 1892. The spring bolt may be replaced by a pivoted latch to be worked by hand. In Fig. 4 the pole chains d are released automati- cally, when the traces are freed, by the pivoted spring arms h^, ¥. The pole chains may also be released by hand by turning the arms g upon their pivots a after the pins d have been removed from their sockets. The arms b, &' may be rigidly fixed to the pole head. 3459. BIcKenzie, D. W. Feb. 16. E'o7^se breaking and training. — Relates to an improved stall tie stated to be useful in the initial 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 stages of the breaking-in of young horses, which are attached to it for several hours daily. The halter rope is passed through pulleys on an overhead W//////////////////////A no I. swivelling frame e and carries a hollow tension weight ^, of wood or metal, in which the excess of rope may be coiled. 3816. Georg-e, W. Feb. 21. Stopping runaway horses. — The animal is con- trolled by extra reins A, A which are attached to mechanism beneath the cart &c. The reins are wound upon drums C, C on the spindle C^ carrying the friction wheels G, which may be put into gear with other wheels H fixed to the road wheels F^. The wheels G, H are thrown into gear by a hand wheel which raises the lever L rocking the shafts L' and drawing forward the bearings E of the spindle C by means of a connecting rod M and transverse bar N. The horse is prevented from backing by a ratchet wheel R and pawl R*, which is depressed so as to engage with the wheel when the lever L is raised. 3907. nZason, B. Bach - hands. — The object is to lessen the friction of the back-band against the saddle. The back- band con- sists of a number of links D spaced apart by rollers C and united by pins A, the heads of which are turned alternately in oppo- site directions while the opposite ends are riveted into nuts B. Feb. 22. 3925. IMCayhew, F. W. Feb. 22. to the hook G which rests upon the bar a. The bar a is hinged to the back plate h fixed to the saddle tree and fits over a stud e carried by the back plate. A plate spring keeps the bar normally in the posi- tion shown. Should a fall occur, the hook lifts from the bar or pulls it outwards on its hinge. Stirrup-straps, si(Sj)endi7ig, from ladies' saddles. The stirrup leather is attached to the link h hinged 4088. Mack, A. Feb. 24. Collars, neck. — The improvements relate to the fittings of the collar. The adjustable tugs G, either single, as shown, or forked, pass through slots F^ in the protect- ing plate H and in the body C, and are secured to rods E within the body. These rods may project to form terret rings E', or separate t e r r e t s may be attached in the same way as the tugs G, or the slots F may them- selves serve to guide the rein's. Protecting plates similar to the plates H may be fixed inside the collar, in which case the tugs G may have "p-heads or be otherwise formed 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 to engage with such plates. The martingale may be attached to the coUai" in the same way as the traces. In a modification, the fore-wale is grooved in front for the rod E. Ordinary and ornamental hames can be attached to the collar by bolts passed through any of the slots F, F'. Fl C 4 4186. Damnitz, E. von. Feb. 25. Bits. — The mouth-bar is made detachable from one of the cheeks so that it may be readily removed from the animal's mouth to facilitate feeding. The Figure shows a horizontal section through the end of the mouth-bar A and cheek B^. The cheek has the section shown so that it can be removed from the slot in the mouth-bar only by turning it through a right angle from the position shown. The mouth- bar is kept from accidentally so turning by a bolt C which slides along it. 4340. martin, J. BX. Feb. 28. Stirrup-straps, sus- pending.— The bar A is hinged to the plate C fixed to the saddle tree, and is provided with a roller B for facili- tating release of the stirrup leather. 4481. Browne, N., [France, J. jy.]. March 1. r\ FlC.3. K^ ^ W — P ou Stopping runav}ay horses ; rein holders. — The object is to prevent a shying horse from bolting by suddenly drawing the check reins up and keep- ing them in this position. The means for effecting this object consist of a spring clip, Fig. 1, to be fixed to the collar or other part, and a handbar, Fig. 3, for holding the driving and check reins in position. The spring clip, Fig. 1, consists of a base plate a with two perforated brackets a', a?, of which the former carries the spring-controlled plate 6, which may be toothed to grip the rein (shown in dotted lines). In restraining the horse the reins are palled in the direction of the arrow and are fixed automatically by the plate h. The rein holder consists of a bar d, Fig. 3, slotted at d'- for the driving reins and at d'^ for the check reins. A distinctive ornament, such as a double knob, as shown, may be used to mark the end to which the off-side reins are attached. 5048. Philpot, A. BI., and Phllpot, P. March 8. FIC.I. Fastening reins, bridles, traces, and the like. To the buckle a or its equivalent is attached a metal piece b with a flexible end /bearing against a hook c riveted to the piece b. The hook c carries a piece d, to the part g of which the reins &c. to be fastened are attached so that they can be unfastened by releasing the piece d from the hook c. 5321. Newburg-h-Stewart, K. B., and Squier, F. W. March 11. Saddles.— ThQ side bars A of pack and other saddles are made adjustable by hinging them to 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 the front arch B near their top edge and to the rear arch B^ near their bottom edge, as shown, set- screws H, H^ being used between the arches and the hinge or an extension thereof. The arches may be hinged at the top and adjusted by set- screws D, D. 5852. Richards, J. W. March 18. Saddles. — The Figure shows a transverse section of part of the saddle. The usual panels are re- placed by a thin plate of leather a and a thick removable pad of felt e kept in place by loops or pockets / fitting over the ends h of the tree b. A second flap c is placed under the ordinary flap d to take the girths. 5854. Stevens, A. March 18. Eeins, bridle. — An extra pair of reins is provided for controlling and stopping runaway horses. The reins a, a are attached at one end to the lower ends of the bit cheeks, and at the other end to a bent rod b. A swivelling piece c, d carrying a roller h connects the rod 6 to a buckled strap e hooked at its further end to the vehicle. The horse is controlled by pulling the strap e, and may be guided by pulling the strap sideways so that the roller h runs on the bar b. 5390. Kemming-way, J. I. March 20. Fastening reins. Pointed shanks b are cut and bent FIG. 4. up on metal plates a of any suitable shapes, for fasten- ing reins ; the shanks b are formed on the outer edges of the plates, or on the edges of comparatively large holes in the plates, in order that strong tools may be used in forming them. FJG.6., 6010. Scott, J. March 21. Stirrujjs. — Improve- ments in the " Latch- " ford " stirrup. The inner bow with its at- tached tread is released when turned sufficiently in either direction, thus obviating the danger due to hanging the stirrup carelessly. The inner bow F is formed with a tread E project- ing equally in both directions and resting upon the bar B pivoted or fixed to the outer bow A. The inner bow has curved projections G- fitting into corresponding recesses H in the outer bow; it also has recesses to engage with projections K to prevent it from turning too readily. The bar B may be formed with lugs pivoted to the outside of the legs D, or may be replaced by pivoted brackets. FIC.l 6165. Barwell, W., and Prutton, R. Zi. March 22. Dog and like leads. — The lead is wound in a circular box like a tape measure and may be wound up automatically by a spring. The box may be left attached to the animal's collar and form a name plate or badge. The box con- sists of two semicircular parts a, a hinged to- gether at b and provided with a spring catch h. The pivot is slotted to hold the end of the lead, and is shaped externally to form a handle. The case may be opened by pulling the strap upwards, and the closing is facili- tated by pulling the strap downwards through a slot at k. 8 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 6166. Davies, B. P. March 22. Collars, neck. —Fig. 3 shows a plan of the collar. The collar is divided at the top, and contains a steel strip a running parallel with its inner face. This strip is fastened at the top by a hinged plate b fitting over a catch c. 6419. Callwell, G. N. March 27. Horse-hoots ; in- terfering rings and the like ; knee caps. — The article con- sists of a tube a of rubber &c. formed ■with a depending flap or extension b. March 28. ^'''-.^^> 6681. Vero, W. Fastening. — The back-band, crupper, traces, reins, and, in double harness, also the pole chains are released by special fastenings controlled by cords leading to the driver. Fig. 2 shows the back- band and crupper fastening. The back- band 25 in two parts is connected to the saddle by a bolt 36 March 30. fitz. .'' 6537. Eli, A. J., [Albertin, G.] ' M u z zl e s. — The muzzle for dogs &c. is designed to allow the animal to yawn and to drink. It con- sists of two side bars Aconnectedbya bridge piece 0 and terminating in loops C, and of a frame B hinged at a to the side bars A, and provided with a cross-bar r pass- ing beneath the animal's lower jaw, and a second cross-bar q passing in front of the animal's nose. The part n of the frame B slides in the loop C, and a rubber spring connecting the parts A and B normally holds the muzzle in its closed position. carrying a hinged hook 42 to which the releasing coi'd 48 is attached. The crupper loop 28 is held by springs 43 forced back by drawing the bolt 36. Fig. 15 shows a modified fastening. The back- band 25*^ and crupper loop 28" are released by drawing the bolt 3G" by the cord 48" and bell- crank lever 60. The lower ends of the back-band may carry slip hooks for the trace tugs. An ordinary draw bolt is provided to connect the traces to the hames. Fig. 17 shows the hame link for the pole chain. On pulling the cord 48", the sleeve 59 allows the hinged part 58 to open out and release the pole chain 57. Fig. 19 shows a buckle for releasing the front section 70 from the rear section 69 of the reins. The buckle tongue 67 is attached to a sliding bar 66 controlled by the cord 71 and springs 68. 69 8 0. Cope, B. E.T. April 5. Stirrups. — The tread T is jointed at one end to the leg L, and at the other to a bar. Fig. 4, which has a T-bead B adapted to fit in the slot C, where it is held by the shouldered end A^ of the pivoted inner bow A. The tread is freed to liberate the rider by the turning of the inner bow into the position shown. FIC.5 6986. Keath, R. April 5. Horse boots for pre- venting capped elbows caused by the contact of the caulks or other parts of the. fore shoes with the elbows when the animal lies down. The semicircular pad c of rubber &c. formed with the projection c' is secured to the hoof by the strap d. and also, if necessary, by the strap h connected to the cross-bar g, which is wedged in the shoe b. 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 April 10. ■7300. Klug-el, F. E. R. Stopi^Hg r u n a w a y horses. — The reins E, Figs. 2 and 4, are guided by a clamping device fixed to the collar. The device con- sists of two jaws C, D pivoted together at 5, and to the base plate R at 4. Under ordinary circumstances, the reins pass freely through the device, as shown in Fig. 2 ; but to control the animal the reins are pulled sharply backwards, and then slackened, when the clamp takes the position shown in Fig. 4, and firmly holds the reins. On again pulling the reins, the device takes its normal position, Fig. 2. 7321. Purdie, J. J. Pads for harness. The pads are for horse collars &c. A number of parallel tubes B of rubber &c. are vul- canized to a backing A of the same material. The Provisional Speci- fication states that this pad may be fitted over an inflated rubber cushion April 10. 7815. Hepworth, Saddles, cart. The " fore buckle " c, for attachment to the collar, and the crupper d, instead of both being fastened to the saddle by nail- ing &c., are secured to shackles at the ends of bars a let into the underside of the saddle. J. April 18. 7900. Rae, J. April 19. Horse &c. clippers. — The spring usually enclosed between the upper and lower toothed plates of the clipper and its adjusting screw and bearing bridge or eye part are dispensed with, and a volute or like spring A is placed between the handles B, C which are arranged at an angle to the cutters as shown. 8070. Robertson, P. S. April 21. FIC.4 '/////////////?. ..■^ ^^^^ Fastening. — The object is to release runaway or fallen horses. The splinter bar A has attached to it a metal bar B, on which are formed, in the case of a two-horse vehicle, four hooks C, with which rings D on the ends of the traces engage, and on which they are held by projections /I on a movable bar E which is slotted to accommo- date screws e, by which it is secured to the bar B. The bar E is held in the position shown in Fig. 2 by a spring, and is locked by a bolt G^ A cord H passes round a pulley g on the said bolt, and is secured to an eye in the bar E. Should the horses fall or bolt, the driver by pulling on the cord H unlocks the bolt G^ and moves the bar E in the direction of the arrow 1, so that the sides / of the slots in the said bar push the rings D off the hooks C and release the horses. In single horse vehicles the shafts may be attached to the splinter-bar in the manner described. If the horses bolt, their forward pull on the pole chains, after the traces have been released, rotates the links N, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 4, so that the spring catches P are pushed aside to free the blocks L, which can then be pulled out of the recesses h in the pole-cap. 8193. Wood, A. April 24. Stopping runaioay horses; hreeching ; hacTc and belly bands ; traces. — The strap shown in Fig. 1 is secured to one of the vehicle shafts, as shown in Fig. 2, by passing the end vrith the spring shackle c through the buckle b. "When the vehicle 10 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 is to be left unattended, the end c is passed round the felloe of the wheel and attached to the ring d, the reins /, which are secured to a hook s, suspending. — Fig. 2 shows a vertical section of the saddle-bar or stirrup holder in its normal position, and Fig. 4 shows a front view of the saddle-bar with the loop for the stirrup strap removed and the hinged clasp turned down. The stirrup leather is attached to a loop c, Fig. 2, which is suspended on the hooked projections n, n, Fig. 4, of the plate d fixed to the saddle-tree. The loop c is kept in place by the pins e, e and the hinged clasp / provided with a spring /,;. A knob h on the loop c fits into a depression j in the clasp and keeps the loop central. If the rider is thrown, the clasp opens and releases the loop with its stirrup strap. 13,280. Kading-^ C, and Knauf, O. July 7. Saddles. — The side bars d formed of several layers of leather are attached by rivets and by the bolts q of the saddle-bag loops m to plates c formed with right and left handed screws b, b, united by a 16 I 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 sleeve or nut a. By turning the nut the inclina- tion of the side bars may be varied. The nut a is received in a socket g connected by a metal strip / to the cantle. The pommel is strengthened by a curved plate h riveted in place. The panels or pads e are attached to the side bars by pockets fitting over the extensions d^ of the side bars. 13,457. Zieatherby, C. B. July 11. Saddles, ladies'. — The top of the safe A of ladies' saddles is cut away at B, thus leaving the withers free and facilitating ventilation. The saddle-tree is unaltered. 13,476. Ohl, G. D. July 11. Collars., nech. — The Figure shows an elevation of the collar with certain parts in section. The body of the collar is in two parts A, B which telescope together. Internal packing pieces C are used between the two parts. The hames are in three sections D, E, E, the upper section D being adjustably fixed in the tubular lower sections E, E by the screw shanks of the terret rings J. A bent plate H, secured to the upper collar section A, P 11362 17 passes through a slot in the hollow hame section E and engages with the end of the upper hame section D. The lower hame sections E, E are moved longitudinally to widen or narrow the collar by means of nuts M and a right and left handed screw N, fixed pins F passing through slots serving to guide these hame sections. The traces are fixed to the eyes h of the plates K, rings (not shown) may also be attached to the plates for the breast straps of wagon-team horses. The link P may be used for a strap connecting the collar to the girth &c. 13,520 July 12. Stopping runaway horses. — This consists of a hobble A, held in place by a strap a, and raised or lowered by a strap B connected to the rein, as shown, or otherwise arranged. The horse is stopped by lowering the hobble. 13,620. Kampson, VT., Scott, J., Bowdler, W. July 13. and F1C.3- -^ Stirrups. — The Figures show the two methods employed for connecting the tread B of the safety stirrup to the legs C, D. In Fig. 1, the tread B is pivoted to the leg C by a hinged and pivoted joint E, and is detachably connected to the leg D by a pin H and slot I. The pin has a broad head M bearing against a pin N to prevent the tread from pivoting forwards. In Fig. 3, the tread B is con- nected to the legs C, D by eyes F, K. The eye F is provided with an extension P fitting into a 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c [1893 groove R, and the eye K which takes on to a hook L has an extension Q fitting beneath a hook S. In both forms of stirrup the tread is freed at one end if the rider is thrown with his feet in the stirrups. 14,088. Kodg-e, W., and Pearson, J. July 20. FIC.I Fastening. — Relates to coupling links and hooks or shackles for harness &c. The link, Fig. 1, consists of two similar overlapping pieces A, A', formed with central bosses a, a, through which the pin b passes. The shackle or hook, Fig. 4, consists of two parts B, B' formed into a hook at one end and an eye at the other end pivoted together in the centre. A bolt C with notches to fit over the eyes prevents the hooks from being separated till the bolt is turned. The parts B, B' are formed with central bosses through which passes the pivot pin c. J. July 26. 14,371. Newbould Fastening. — Re- lates to a slip hook for pole chains &c. Fig. 3 shows the hook open, and Fig. 5 shows a section of the sliding collar rf. The tongue b^ is hinged at c to the stem of the hook, and is provided with a pin e to take into a groove (?', Fig. 5, in the collar when the hook is closed and the collar drawn down. The collar is prevented from shaking back by a split spring /, kept in place by a washer g. The spring can turn within certain limits defined by a stop, the pin e resting between its ends, thus giving a bayonet-joint lock. 14,654. Cope, S. E. T. July 31. Stirrups. — Relates to a detachable joint in the leg of a safety stirrup in which the tread is jointed to both legs. Fig. 1 shows one form of the joint. The extremity E is forked to engage the joint pin G and comes away from this pin when its shoulder leaves the curved sup- porting shoulder D. The projection B may be re- placed by a flat head on the joint pin. The inner bow may be dispensed with. 14,714. Pottle, J. D. Aug. 1. Muzzles.— The muzzle is for use by the police &c. to enable a dog to be held by one hand while the muzzle is being put on by the other. Fig. 1 shows one form of muzzle which can be opened like a pair of jaws by the handles c, c^ provided with a guard A. After the head of the dog is enclosed, the upper and lower halves of the muzzle are secured by a hook b^ and eye ¥ or by a strap, and the levers c, c^ may be disconnected. In a modification, the levers are replaced by a bow spring, or there may be no separate means of operating the muzzle, its halves being hinged at the point a^. The wires b may be replaced by semicircular strips pivoted to a, a^ so as to fold up. The Provisional Specification states that a spout fOr medicines may be combined with the muzzle. 14,914. Burvill-Kolmes, E., Keelor, A. Z., and Marsteller, E. Y. Aug. 3. Crib-biting^ prevent- '■■ ing. — Adjustable steel '; plates A, B are secured to the upper teeth and project slightly below them, so that when the animal bites the manger a painful pressure is put upon the gums. The plates A, B are hooked to the teeth at b and are connected by a pawl and ratchet. Fig. 4 shows a pair of pliers for adjusting the device. 18 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 14,921. Ottaway, J. P. Aug. 3. Stopping runaviay horses. — The device is for use with horses which are left unattended attached to a vehicle. When the device is in operation the horse is checked when it begins to move forward, but remains free to move backwards. Extra reins are attached to chains which may be wound upon a shaft parallel to the axle of the road wheels. Fig. 1 shows a chain F and road wheel R and parts in connection therewith, and Fig. 2 shows the con- nection between the chain F and shaft A. The chain F, Fig. 3, is attached by a link F^ to lugs G free to turn on the shaft A. A loop H is also pivoted with limited motion to the lugs G, and a ratchet tooth e on the shaft A engages with the loop when the shaft turns in the direction of the arrow. The shaft A carries a friction roller B, Fig. 1, to engage with the hub of the road wheel. The roller B is thrown into gear with the hub by a hand lever D pivoted at d. The driver on leaving his cart puts the roller and hub into gear, with the result stated above. 15,023. Wag-gr, K. J. Aug. 5. FiG.I. Dog collars. — Bog collars are made with a pocket to contain a label 3 upon which the owner's name and address is stamped. The label is secured at one end to a piece of elastic webbing 4 which tends to draw the label into the pocket, and at the other end to a ring or clip 6 by which the label is drawn out. The ring or clip is kept in place by a slotted plate 2. 15,321. Vpton, W. S., Upton, E. Upton, A. C. Aug. 11. R., and Whips. — Relates to the keepers for attaching the thong to the stock. The steel core A, the subject of Specifi- cation No. 2315, A.D. 1892, is con- tinued to form a loop C within the keeper D, which is thereby made more durable. 15,652. Wolseley Sheep Shearing- Ittachlne Co. and Austin, K. Aug. 18. FIG. I P 11362 Horse &c. clipp)ers. — The tool is formed with a double cutting edge, as shown. In the form shown, two cutter plates G, H are reciprocated over the edges of the comb plate A by the lever handle D and link E which are pivoted on bolts C, C and carry conical pins fitting into sockets in the cutter plates. The cutter plates are pressed down by the binding plate F and nuts J, J' upon the bolts C, C^ The nuts may be locked by teeth formed on their under face engaging with spring lugs on the plate F or on a separate plate. This method of pressing down the cutter plate may be employed to other forms of horse clippers. The handle B is fixed to the comb plate A by the bolts C, CK 15,942. Godden, W. J. Aug. 23. JIanes, devices for ar- ranging.— Two bars a, b of U and D section re- spectively are jointed to- gether at c and are pro- vided at their free ends with a jointed screw / and a jaw ^. The bars are covered with rubber Ib^ 2 2 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 tubes e. After winding the hair upon one of the bars the apparatus is fixed in position by clamping the two bars together. When the bars are pressed together the part / (on the bar a) of the rubber tube is forced by the bar b into the position shown in dotted lines. 15,953. Weston, H. Aug. 23. Saddles. — A seat, cushion, saddle cover, &c. is made of two layers A, B of flexible material, such as felt, cloth, rubber, leather, &c., or of combina- tions of these materials, separated by strips or blocks C of the same or difPerent materials fastened by cement. Perforations A^, B' allow air to cir- culate in the internal channels D. One layer A may be used in connection with a rigid base. FIC.5. 16,123. Sloan, R. A., [Brlngham, F. J., ana Bargate, (?.]. Aug. 26. Blinkers ; loops for straps. ^ — -^^ — Relates to a method of /-"'^^ <^^ and machinery for making various seamless leather articles. Harness blinkers and loops for harness and saddlery are mentioned. The method consists in cutting a FIC.6. strip or plate of leather to the required size if necessary, splitting it, and then opening it out. Fig. 5 shows the first step in making the seamless leather loop, Fig. 6. 16,453. Blayhew, P. W. Sept. 1. Saddles. — To remove the lumps caused by the girth straps and buckles from underneath the legs of the rider, the ends of the girth band b are provided with straps d, and are passed round metal loops a fixed to the saddle-tree. A short band c is held in position on the girth by bands e, and the straps d are secured to buckles on the ends of the short band c. In order to increase the grip of the rider and to assist the body to a square position on a side saddle, the safe or flap F is cut away at G for the leg to rest in, and for it to be as near to the horse as possible. The part G may be fitted with a gusset piece. 16,566. Rath, A. Z. Sept. 4. Saddles. — The covers of cycle and other saddles are formed by interposing cellular elastic material 6, such as sponge rubber, between an upper cover- ing a^ and a bottom plate or covering o'. The seats or covers may be mounted upon the usual cycle saddle or other framings e. Air spaces may be alternated with pads of cellular elastic material. 20 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 16,572. Carruthers, B., Sept. 4. and Jack, J. I Traces. — The object is to equalize the pull of two or more horses attached to a vehicle, or to a reaping machine or other agricultural implement, and to facilitate turning. Fig. 4 shows one ar- rangement for three horses. The traces A and D are connected together, and similarly the traces B and C. The traces M, L of the middle horse are attached to a cross-bar N connected by four chains P, Q to the other traces, as shown. The traces A, B, 0, D run over pulleys G- or round smooth surfaces. When there are only two horses, the parts L, M, N, P, Q are dispensed with. Modifications are described and illustrated. 16,599. Silver, Sept. 4. FIC.I D., and Silver, C. T. Horse &c. clippers. — Relates to methods of varying the pressure on the central spring finger of the operating lever ; three methods are de- scribed and illustrated in the Specification. Re- lates also to methods of supporting the rear end of the operating lever and connecting it with the vertical pivoting piece ; eight methods are described and illustrated. The central spring finger 18, Fig. 1, which may be fixed or hinged to the lever 11, is acted upon by a screw 17 which may bear upon it in various ways. The rear end of the lever may be supported by the vibrating bracket 7, or by an extension of the casing, or by a bolt through the casing. The bracket may be a separately pivoted piece, as shown in the Figure, or may be an arm of the vertical pivoting piece 13. The lever 11 may pass through the vertical pivot- ing piece 13, or vice versa, or the lever may be forked to embrace it. Pressure on the lever 1 1 is effected by a screw cap 5 which may act upon the pivoted piece 13, or on a separately mounted piece. Where the pressure is communicated through the piece 13, the latter may be provided with a ball 12 or an arm, or a flat face to bear against the lever. As regards flexible shafts, the object is to make the tube or casing of the shaft proper more flexible in one direction than in another at right angles to it. The tube or casing is made with a " backbone " of steel strip or wire 92, Fig. 14, or a flexible tube is formed with a number of slots 108, Fig. 21, on each side of the tube. The tube may be in sections, as shown in Fig. 14, or may be helical, and the " backbone " may be secured by clips &c. 16,908. Ingrlefield, E. F., and Davis, A. Sept. 8. Fastening. — Improvements in Specification No. 14,633, A.D. 1890. Instead of having two hooks with angular gaps h by which they may be coupled when held at right angles, there is a hook h and a link A with a reduced part a which acts in the same way. Various forms of gaps, some curved and others angular, are described ; in some of them the part a may be open like the part b. The fastening is applicable to harness straps. 16,950. Hamilton, G. Sept. 8. Whip sockets. — Relates to fittings for securing the FIC.I. whip socket to the vehicle. Figs. 1 and 2 show two views of one form of fitting, consisting of a channelled plate a and clamp &, c. Two of these fittings are required for each whip socket, the straps of which are buckled in the groove or channel shown. The clamp &, c may be replaced by either one or two plates, with holes for wood-screws &c. In another modification, a pair of channelled plates a are united by a vertical bar, from the centre of which projects the plate &c. for fixing to the vehicle. FIC. 17,271. Jarvis, J. Sept. 14. Fastening. — Relates to hooks for fastening traces and breeching. The hooks 13 on the shafts of carts and wagons are mounted to swivel on pins 14, rjc.». 21 1893] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 and accidental en- gagement or dis- engagement of the harness is prevented by mousing plates 15, which may be integral with the bolts 14 and are further fixed by Bpikes 16. FtC 4. 17,724. Thomas;, Xi. P. Sept. 20. Stopping runaway horses. — The object is to curb runaway and other horses attached to vehicles by drawing down their heads. Fig. 2 shows one form of apparatus in connection with a four-wheeled vehicle. Extra] reins 2<» are connected to the horse and to a cord 2 wound upon a drum 1 which is fixed to a spindle carrying a friction wheel 5. The spindle is supported in a bearing 4 pivoted at 4** and rigidly connected to a lever 10. By this lever the wheel 5 is put into contact with the hub 6 of the road wheel 7 so as to be rotated by it and wind up the cord 2. The lever 10 is connected by links &c. 11, 12, 15 to the usual brake lever, or to a special hand lever within reach of the driver or passenger. In a modification, the drum 1 turns on the carriage axle and is formed as a friction clutch. It is operated by an eccentric and a helical spring. 17,825. Sown, W., Capewell, G., and Flavell, J. W. Sept. 22. Horse (&c. clippers. — Relates to various details in these machines. The axis, pivot, or support 1, Fig. 2, swivels, oscillates, or rocks, either separately or in combination with the pin 3. The lever 2 may work on pins 5 carried by the piece 1, or may be simply slotted for it. The friction on pivot 1 is reduced by ball bearings, as shown, or by oscillating pins. Oscillating pins are also used to reduce the friction of the driving eccentric. The tension of the cutting plates &c. is regulated by a screwed pin 9, Fig. 5, and nut 10 in connection with the pressure bar 7 or the vibrating lever 8. The pin is formed so that the bar can rock upon it. The bar 7 carries at its front end a pivoted piece 11 which rests on the cutters and lever 8. The bar 7 bears against an oscillator 12 arranged above it. This oscillator is described in Specifica- tion No. 1107, A.D. 1885. Tension may be other- wise regulated by two or more oscillators in com- bination with two or more pressure bars or levers. The lever 2, Fig. 2, as described in Specification No. 16,029, A.D. 1890, is extended to bear on the centre tooth of the cutter and has an independent cutter carrier hinged &c. to it which, when pressed down, forces down the lever also. In Fig. 2, the cutter carrier 16 pivoted to the lever 2 has a piece 18 which communicates the pressure through the pin 17. In another form. Fig. 6, the lever 2 is pressed down upon the cutter carrier 13 by an oscillator &c. 20, and the rear end of the cutter carrier is supported by one or more oscillators &c. 19. Or the cutter carrier may be dispensed with. The seat of the oscillating pin 22, Fig. 7, may be formed by a washer, with radial arms 23 taking into slots in a screwed sleeve 26, outside which a nut 24 screws so as to bear upon the arms. Alternative arrangements are described The ten- sion nut 27, Fig. 9, is locked by making its socket with a movable side 28, which can be forced in by a cottar 29 and nut 31, or by splitting the socket and suitably drawing the parts together. 22 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 18,011. Greg-gr, J. W. Sept. 26. Saddles, collars, and other harness. — Consists in forming horse collars, riding saddles, and cart horse gear of a rubber or like material, which can be distended by pumping air thereinto through a suitably arranged opening. 18,142. Gamble, Sept. 27. S. Xi., and Barton, B. FIC.S. Fastening. — The fastening for traces, breech- ing, &c. consists of a hook B the mouth of which is closed by a sliding spring tongue Gr. The hook B is on a base plate secured to the vehicle by a bolt passing through the eye C, or by bolts through lugs, or by other means. The tongue G is operated by the thumb piece I, and is held against the base plate by flanges, of which one A is shown. \ 18,429. E. Oct. 2. FIC.3 Hart, A. Tugs, shaft.— The Figure shows a longitudinal section of the tug which consists of a buckle C and a leather loop. The buckle tongue C^ is hinged at the top C^. The leather loop consists of a tube A stuffed with scrap leather and an outer covering of black leather D bent over at the top, as shown. The stitch- ing of the tube A is arranged on the outer side so as not to be worn by the shaft. Metal strips are riveted to the edges of the leather D and a metal strip E is riveted at the top. 18,745. Thompson, W. P., [Poppe, C.l. Oct. 6. Collars, necJe. — The Figure shows a horizontal section of the collar which is strengthened by a metal casing b and padded by rubber pads a filled with compressed air and covered with strips of hide d. 18,843. O'Connor, J. Zi. Oct. 7, flC.8 Fastening hames. Fig. 2 shows a section of the fastening which is used in connection with a chain, one end of which is hooked to one hame while the other end engages with the hook h. The hook e engaaes with the other hame. The hook h is pivoted at ¥ to the lever/, itself pivoted to the body a of the fastener. By closing the lever / the hooks are brought nearer together and the hames are thus tightened round the collar. The lever /"and body a are secured together by a catch g^ engaging with the pin a'. In a modification, the hook e is carried by a slotted strap adjustably secured in the body a by a spring catch. In this form the body may carry a hook for the breast- strap or martingale &c. 18,959. Xngrels, !•. Oct. 10. Collars, necTc . — The roll h and lower part d are made as usual ; but the usual padding at the sides is replaced by inflated bags c of rubber &c. provided with suit- able tubes / with valves. The roll 6 may be of metal to give extra stiffness. 19,201. Gardner, A. Oct. 12. Stopping runaway horses. — The horse is stopped by reins attached to the vehicle. Fig. 3 shows an underside view of part of the vehicle, one rein F being shown in dotted lines. The reins are wound on drums E on a shaft A, which may be rotated by the road wheels R by putting it into gear with them. In the Figure, drums C on the shaft A gear with the roughened hubs D of the road wheels. The shaft A is moved laterally by a treadle &c., links M, and cross bar N. Springs Q may hold the shaft A normally in engaged or dis- engaged position. This apparatus may serve also as a brake. A large loop is formed in the reins 23 1893] ABRIDaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 near the bit, and one side of this loop is elastic to prevent a sudden jerk from coming on the horse's mouth. 19,498. Carrlngrton, K. Sthriips. — The tread C is hinged at a* to one leg of the outer bow A, and is formed, as shown at C\ to lie in the slot d in the other leg of the bow. The inner bow B is made with side pins ¥ turning in bearings on the outer bow, and riveted over on the outside. The lower ends of the inner bow B are hooked to en- gage under the tread C in order to hold it in position. Oct. 17. 19,823. Sumner, J. Oct. 21. es' Bits and bridles. — The object is to restrain vicious animals, to break in colts, &c., but the harness can be used for riding and driving pur- poses generally. The curb reins, or a special rein or reins, are ] assed through loops on the bit, and attached at their end or ends to the saddle or other fixed point. These reins may be combined with the martingale, if desired, and may be used as a bearing rein. Figs. 8 and 10 show two ways of arranging the curb rein, d, d^, d^ are loops or rollers carried by the bit a. In Fig. 8, f, f^, and in Fig. 10, e^ are other rollers. The reins are con- nected to the saddle &c. at e\ e^ and/^, Fig. 8, and at e^, e^, e^, Fig. 10. In a modification, the doubled parts e*, Fig. 8, are dispensed with, and there are only two rollers on each bit cheek, and in another modification there is a second roller similar to e*. Fig. 10, for the other side of the rein. FIC.I, 20,058. Blake, B. Oct. 24 Breeching^ attach- ment for. The attachment c o n - sists of a plate A to prevent the tail from rising and getting over the reins h. The plate may carry guide loops d for the reins, as shown. i00\^ 20,111. Carr, K. Oct. 25. Kneo. caps are formed with transverse hinges to enable them to bend. Fig. 3 shows a section of the front of the knee cap. The blocked leather part A is cut across at B, strengthening strips C are introduced, and a leather lining D is provided. 21,047. Barnes, and Spaidding, A .] J. E. !•., Nov. 6. [^Conger, C. A. Fastening. — A loop is made in the hitching strap for securing the horse to a post &c. by means of a snap hook B and a ring 8 carried by an adjustable clamp C. The clamp consists of a rectangular frame with cross bars 3, 4, 5, 6 (shown in section), between which the strap A is threaded, as shown. 24 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 21,407. Parkes dt. G-noaill, Zilmited, and Parkes, J. Nov. 10. Grinding and polish- ing hames. It com- prises band apparatus and disc and wheel apparatus In the band apparatus the polish- ing band G is led under the driving pulley F and over a supporting pulley C having a pneumatic or cushion tyre of other description D. A tightening pulley H may be provided or the pulley F may also be fitted with a pneu- matic tyre. The polishing is effected at the part where the band passes around the pulley C and may be performed in the direction of the length of the article. In the disc and wheel apparatus the tyre of the pulley C may itself be surrounded with abrading or polishing material. 21,726. Boult, A. J., [Stephan, J., and Kretzschmar^ A."]. Nov. 14. Bridles. — A horse is broken-in or pre- vented from run- ning away &c. by a hinged noseband a which may be drawn tight by means of a strap c so as to press painfully on the nose and obstruct the breathing. 21,898. Xieckie, J. Nov. 16. Fastening. — The Figure shows a breast collar to which the invention mainly relates. The pole strap C is secured to the layer A by a link B pro- vided with friction rollers D, E, F, The layer A also secures loops or guide rings D\ D^ with anti- friction rollers. D^ represents a leather loop with a roller. The continuous trace, similar to that described in Specification No. 3370, A.D. 1891, passes between the rollers on the links B, D\ D^, D^. The neck strap F is attached to the layer A by a loop E which is riveted through holes A' and sewn through the slot B'. The neck strap F carries the neck pad G to which is fixed the loop H with antifriction rollers for the neck bar strap. The loops may also be made of leather &c. with suitable rollers and may be attached to any part of the harness. Modifications are described, in which the lower roller of the loops B, D', D^ are dispensed with. The loops may be provided with base plates for fixing. There may be two loops B connected by a hinged or other metal bar or by a buckled strap upon which a ring on the pole chain runs freely. 22,254. Tower, J. J. Nov. 21. FIC.9 Horse &c. clippers. — The chief object is to obtain a double stroke of the cutter to each stroke of the handle. Fig. 9 shows a horizontal section of one form of the clipper for hair or wool. The toggles G, H are pivoted respectively at d to the cap plate E and at e to the cutter D. The toggle G is formed with teeth m to mesh with teeth n on the end of the handle B pivoted to the casing at/. The necessary pressure between the cutter D and comb C is obtained by a bolt F and nut. The handle B is returned to its open position by a spring K which bears at one end against the handle and at the other against a set-screw r and is coiled round a hub p projecting from the cap plate E. In a modification, the teeth m, n are replaced by a single tooth taking into a socket. In another modifica- tion, the end of the handle B is connected by a link either to the joint pin connecting the toggles or to an extension of the toggle G beyond its pin d. 22,552. Flack, M. C. Nov. 24. Terrets and like guide rings. — The object is to prevent flat reins from twisting and at the same time to enable the reins and their attached buckles to be readily drawn through the rings. The ring 17 25 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 or the frame 4 attached to the hame 16 has a swinging cross bar 23 and 10 respectively. The cross bar 10 is pivoted to the frame at its upper end and is pressed down by an internal spring so FJC.I. that its lower end enters a shallow socket. The cross bar 23 is pivoted at its upper end to the metal clip 1 8 and is provided at its lower end with a pin 24 which fits into a hole in the spring end 20 of the clip. 22,996. Elliott, Nov. 30. ■ J., and Rogrerson, A. Fastening pole chains &c. The hook proper C is connected to the link A by the link G and is held in the closed position against the enlargement B by the link E. The hook is released by pulling back the link E. 23,028. Desprez, E. Tfl. Nov. 30. Lining material. — Relates to a compound woven and rubber fabric applicable for use as harness linings. Sheet gutta-percha, caoutchouc, or similar material is covered on one or both sides with a fabric composed of vegetable or animal textile material or of wire, the whole being subjected to pressure while hot. Strips cut from the fabric, after immersion in warm water, are wrapped round or moulded upon any required object. 23,282. Aspinall, K. E., and Barivell, W. Dec. 4. Fastening. — Relates to a spring attachment for traces. To facilitate the starting and drawing of a vehicle the traces are coupled to it by means of spring devices such as shown. The trace is attached to the hook c^ and the eye d^ to the vehicle, or vice versa. A shoulder c^ on the spindle prevents the latter being drawn too far out through the breaking of the spring or from other causes. The device may be modified by forming the eye d on the closed end of the casing and bringing the spindle through the cap, and a volute spring or block of india-rubber may be substituted for the helical spring shown. 23,572. Wolseley Sheep machine Co. and Austin, K. Shearing* Dec. 7. Horse &c. clippers.- — Relates to the form of the cutter and comb plates. Figs. 2 and 3 show a plan and section of the cutter plate B, and Figs. 4 and 5 corresponding views of the comb plate A. The plates bear against one another along the line of teeth and at points ¥, ¥, Fig. 2, and ¥, b^, Fig. 4, so that each half of the plate B has a sort of triangular bearing which ensures greater evenness with less pressure. The end of the operating lever fits into the slot ¥, Fig. 2. 23,868. Bailey, R. D. Pads and padding. — Rubber &c. bags filled with air, gas, or liquid are attached to neck and breast collars, harness and riding saddles, knee caps, horse-boots, girths, breeching, traces, &c. They are made strong, puncture proof, and readily removable. The bags or tubes may be strengthened by linen, hemp, hair, silk, canvas, or flannel, &c. combined with the rubber &c., and are made puncture proof by compressed cotton wool treated with resin &c., or by silk, Dec. 12. FIC.22 26 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 felt, spirally and otherwise woven wirework, corru- gated or other sheet metal, &c. The bags are attached by laces, hooks, wires, &c., or by their natural expansion during inflation. The frames of collars and saddles for carrying these bags may be cast in a single piece of an aluminium alloy or stamped in a single piece of iron, steel, &c., or these frames may be strengthened by metal. Fig. 22 shows an outer rubber tube n, and an inner tube g attached to a metal rim p by wires g^ The pads may be covered with flannel, felt, cork, &c. for the absorption of sweat, and the surface of the pads may be corrugated for ventilation. Fig. 35 shows a hoof pad with an inflating nozzle m, and a plate P of rubber with canvas and wirework em- bedded therein to prevent puncture of the inflated bag IK 24,010. Baumann, R. Dec. 13. 24,020. Burg-on, C, Dec. 13. 23,871. Ittcliardy, J. E. Dec. 12. No sebags, sup- porting. The open shallow nosebag or food container m is supported from the shafts c, c' by arms g, g^. These arms are attached to the loops or sockets o, a^ fitting over the shafts by means of studs h, h} and bolts / which take into slots in the arms. The bolts /also take into curved slots in the plates &, so that the bag may be adjusted in any position. The bag is hooked to bars I, Z' suspended by hooks h from the arms. Traces. — The trace for freight carts &c. consists of a rod D shaped to fit the fore quarters of the animal, and connected at one end to an eye B for attachment to the collar, and at the other end to a chain K terminating in a hook H. The chain is passed through an eye in the cart, and the hook is hooked into that link which gives the right length of trace. and Burg-on, H. Horse t&c. clippers. — Friction gearing for driving sheep shearing and other machines. The friction wheel D on the line shaft C, Figs. 1 and 2, drives a pinion G, a countershaft F, the bearings E of which are supported by two arms e, e passing through a hanger B' bolted to the bearing B of the line shaft, and carrying springs e', e^ for pressing the pinion into gear. The pinion is moved out of gear by a cam I bearing upon the back of the bearing E, and operated by arms J, J^ and rods j, j^ ; the direction of adjustment is tangential to a circle concentric with the wheel D^ In Figs. 3 and 4, the countershaft bearing E is mounted on a pivoted arm K, supported by a cam I provided with operating levers, and a throw over weight L. In another modification, the bearing E is supported by an arm pivoted above the bearing B. The countershaft drives the vertical flexible shaft M by crown wheels H, 24,027. Symons, J., and Clarke, T. U. Dec. 13. Saddles. — Relates to the trees of side saddles, the object being to prevent the objectionable pressure 27 1893] ABRIDGMENT CliASS HARNESS &c. [1803 of the oflf-side of the tree at the withers on the backbone of the animal. This part of the tree is cut away as shown at a'* in the two views, Figs. 1 and 3, or the part is hinged or made flexible, or recessed. 24,159. Reed, Dec. 15. J., and Wyatt, G-. P. Fastening. — Metal loops 2, Figs, la and 6, for the straps of harness are attached by a plate 9 to which the strap is riveted. The plate 9 may carry a loop 2 at each end as shown in Fig. 6, or at one end only, or there may be two loops at one end. The loops may be fixed or movable, and the plate may be perforated with a large rivet hole, or with a number of small holes, or may be unperf orated, the rivet in this case passing at one side of it. The hole is considerably larger than the rivet for it, so that a riveting machine may be used without difficulty. The plate may be replaced by a wire frame. In Fig. 6 the strap 6, 7 is shown carrying a buckle 5, and protected from the wear of the hame loop 38 by a hooked extension 36 of the plate 9. In another form for traces, the plate carries a buckle at one end, a loop at the other, and a number of intarmediate loops along its length. -f FlO.5. OL 24,399. Norwood, J. E. Dec. 19. Runaway horses^ releasing. — The front end of each shaft consists of a metal tube A closed by a cap a. The tube is slotted on the inner side, and carries vertical flanges c, c on which can slide a plate c^ secured by a stem E passing through the slot d to a, piece D, to which is connected one end of a helical spring C, the other end of which is cr- --- secured to a bolt B screwed **q O " o into the cap a. The pin D ' has a roller / ^ bearing on the tube on both sides of the slot d so that it may move, freely, to and fro in the tube. In front of the plate c^ is formed a slide- way h as clearly shown in Figs. 7 and 8, and in this slideway is held a plate F made in one with a 4-loop piece G, to which the belly- band, back band, trace, and breeching of the horse are fastened. The plate F is held in position by the pro- jection on the end of a pivoted lever n, Fig. 8, which is itself maintained in the position shown by a trigger^ which can be pulled along a rod u against the spring V by means of a cord S made fast to a tail p' on the trigger. The lever and trigger are held in place by a front plate F', Fig. 7. When the cord S is pulled from the vehicle or otherwise, the trigger is pulled from beneath the lever n so that it falls and frees the plate F, which is then drawn out of the slideway h so that the horse is freed from the vehicle. The horse can thus be readily set free should it run away. FIC.8. 4 28 1893] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 24,703. Wilton, K. S. Dec. 22. Sacldles, ladies'. The fore part of the safe B, Fig. 2, especially in " cut back " saddles, is cut away, and the rider's leg rests upon an extension D of the panel. The wither flap E, Fig. 1, forms an extension of, or is attached to, the near head C. Where the grip piece, described in Specification No. 15,215, A.D. 1892, is used, the three parts E, C, F form practically one piece. 24,819. nxeyer, J. Dec. 23. FIC 2. Saddles. — Relates to pneumatic bags to serve as padding. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the saddle which is provided with inflated cushions to bear on the animal's back. These cushions may be formed of rubber &c. bags enclosed in a wrapper of cloth «S:c. ; but it is preferred to form them of tubes D of rubber cloth arranged side by side, and provided with holes o to communicate with one another. These tubes are enclosed in a wrapper B of cloth or canvas, outside which are sheets E of leather. Suitable stop-cocks for inflating are provided. 24,917. Skinner, D. M. Dec. 28. Reins. — The power of driving reins is increased by passing them through fixed or swivelling loops at the ends of short straps attached to the bit, and then carrying them back to the saddle, where they are attached. In the form of loop shown, the rein FI.C,3. D passes between rollers at B, B, along a roller at D and over a roller at A. 25,022. Kottelart, V., and Kottelart, Ii. Dec. 29. Bridles, bearing reins for. An extra bearing rein is attached at one end to the highest point of the ordinary bearing rein, and at the other end to a box fixed on the crupper or saddle. The box con- tains a spring upon which the bearing rein pulls, the object being to prevent horses from falling by giving them a support through the bit. Fig. 2 shows a horizontal section through one form of the box above mentioned. The box H contains a spring drum c attached by a coiled band & to a pulley/' over which runs the bearing rein B. The axle of the pulley runs in slots g in the box, which limit its motion. The other or free ends of the bearing rein are attached to the ordinary bearing rein by eyes, Fig. 5, the shank of which consists of a tube wider at one end than the other, so as to hold the knot on the rein. The eye proper v^ may be formed in a piece with the end of a conical tube. In a modification of the box. Fig. 2, there are two cylinders telescoping together against the action of a helical spring. 29 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 A.D. 1894. 127. James, D. W. K. Hobbles. — The hobble consists of a rope and one or more nooses for the legs. The noose consists of a length of rope c covered with rub- ber &c., and pro- vided with loops a, b at the ends. The loop b prefer- ably has a metal eyelet. For throw- ing animals, four of these hobbles are used, one of which has an eye e for the free end of the rope d to run through Jan. 2, no. 2. 131. Felker, M. O. Jan. 2. Whips. — Figs. 2 and 3 show longi- tudinal sections of a whip at two dif- ferent parts of the stock. The stock is formed of tapered spiral elastic strips A, B, preferably two in number and preferably of steel, outside which are glued wooden strips F^ preferably rattan, which are covered with a plaited covering Gr. The spiral B terminates in a tip E of raw hide or whalebone. The tip is fixed to the spiral B, and the latter is fixed to the spiral A by slightly uncoiling the embracing tube and letting it spring back. 556. Barrat, C. W., and Carter, P. Jan. 10. Stirrujis. — The treads of riding stirrups are pro- vided with studs or cushions c of rubber or the like, which are retained in place by a plate d formed with countersunk holes for the studs, and fixed by screws e. The plate d may be fixed below the tread, in which case the perforations for the studs are formed in the tread itself. The studs may be formed separately, or they may be formed as projections on a strip of rubber. 621. Thacker, R. E. Jan. 11. Saddles, harness and like. The skirts B are strengthened and attached to the flaps B^ by a metal plate A, A secured to both skirts and flaps by pins or bolts E. The plate is formed with an eye C for the shank of the terret ring D, and may have two flanges to sup- port the skirts at the point where the back - band passes beneath it. FIG. I 948. Carring-ton, K. Jan. 16. Stirrups. — Fig. 1 shows an elevation of the safety stirrup with part in section. The legs A^, A^ are jointed at c\ c^ to the side bars ¥ of the tread P, and the squared ends of the legs bear against a spring D riveted to the tread. The legs are con- nected by a pin and socket joint a^. If a fall occurs, the stirrup opens out till the parts A\ F, and A* are approximately in a straight line. 30 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 962. Perrinon, P. Jan. 16. Sth'rups, attachments to keep the feet warm. Suitably shaped coverings S, Fig. 7, for the feet are provided. These are constructed of any suitable material, and lined with cloth, wool, fur, &c. 1410. Jeffries, E., Jeffries, J. G-., and Jeffries, A. Jan. 23. ric.i. Whip sockets. — Consists of a shell and gripping mechanism which may be placed in any outer cover or casing. The shell is made of pulp compressed to the desired shape. The spring may be of a rubber tube b, Fig. 1, as described in Specification No. 11,288, A.D. 1887, or any other .suitable spring for gripping the whip handle. The spring is contained in an inner shell a which fits in an outer case c made of celluloid or the like. The spring with its shell is held in the outer casing c by a cap d, secured by screws, cements, &c. In modifi- cations, a different form of cap is used for holding the spring in the outer case. In some cases, the bottom of the outer case consists of a plug which may be unscrewed. . 1923. Withers, T. G., and Withers, S. Jan. 29. Sjnus.-^The knobs for the attachment of the straps and buckles are cast or forged in one piece with the body of the spur. 1975. Xiuck, 1«. S. Jan. 30. k Fastening, trace-hooks and eyes for. The shank b of the trace hook a or eye is acted on by a rubber spring c held between cups rf, e, as shown. A spiral spring may be used instead of the rubber spring c. The spring lessens the shock at starting and equalises the traction. 2014. Kingrs, T. W. Jan. 30. Horse &c. clippers. — The upper cutter A is worked by a lever K^ pivoted at F and oscillated by a piston L working -within a cylinder D to which steam or compressed air is supplied through the handle H* and valve chest H^, in which is the vibrating diaphragm valve N, which alternately closes the channels n, v} leading to the cylinder. The air &c. escapes through holes 0, 0 uncovered by the piston itself . The ends of the cylinder may be closed by cover plates and the valve chest H^ may have a cover plate, or the cylinder and chest maybe made in two equal parts as shown. The upper cutter A may be pressed down upon the lower cutter B by a nut X pressing on a plate G bearing on arms M connected to the upper cutter A and to lugs on the cylinder D. The cutters may be held together by pins and nuts, or cottars. 2357. Ziavine, J. F. Feb. 3. . [Date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, 1883 September 16th, 1893.] Tails, adjusting for cutting. — The crupper is passed through the curved plate C to which the tail carrying plate A and the triangular frame D, E are pivoted. The frame rests against the horse, and is provided with a nut F for clamping the slotted bar B by means of which the inclination of the plate A is regu- lated. The device can be folded when not in use. 31 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 2767. Goddard, J. Feb. 8. Traces and the like are made of flexible wire rope. There may be a core of non-metallic material and there may be a covering of leather, fabric, &c. Shackles d or hooks &c. are secured to the ends of the rope a by suitable couplings b. 3349. Wincer, A. Feb. 16. Saddles^ harness. The cantle and seat of cab and other harness saddles are made in one piece of metal, as shown in section in Fig. 3. This is at- tached to the part beneath by a bolt taking into the threaded projection d^ and by the bearing rein hook, the shank of which passes through the hole a^. The top edges of the skirts are fitted into grooves g^ at each side. The " top making " of the saddle is dispensed with. 3734. Gray, P. Feb. 21. Nosebags. — The bag a is secured to a metal frame b formed in two halves hinged together at c to enable it to be opened and closed as required. A ledge d with a central opening for the mouth of the animal is fixed above the frame for the pur- pose of preventing loss of food. Apertures or raised eyelets of rubber &c. e are provided for ventilation. The bag is suspended by a strap which passes over the head of the animal ; another strap terminating in two branches ^, h is secured to the centre of the first strap. 3920. Boult, A. J., [Fistie, E.]. Feb. 23. ris.s. ^^^^^T^:^^ ^^^_!^^^^ Stuffing materials.— K portable apparatus for combing, picking, or tearing woollen and other stuffing materials, for the use of saddlers, up- holsterers, mattress makers, coach builders, and others. A swinging frame A, provided with teeth, as shown, is suspended above a fixed frame B likewise provided with teeth, the height of the swinging frame above the fixed one being adjust- able according to the nature of the material under ^eration &c. The material is fed in at one end X and, the swinging frame being reciprocated by hand, is delivered completely opened at the other end y. 4165. Iiangrdon, W. J. Feb. 27. Saddles. — Re- lates to the appli- cation of an india- rubber tube A covered with serge and leather to the pommels of side saddles to prevent abrasion of the skin. 4258. Wood, A. Feb. 28. FIC.I. F Fastening. — Relates to hooks or links for pole chains, traces, &c. for releasing fallen horses and for other uses. The mouth or opening of the hook or link is closed by a spring sleeve F sliding upon an arm A either hinged at B or rigid. The spring G may be either inside or outside the sleeve. I 1894] ABRIDaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 4387. Sardlngrham, G-. G-. ZiK., [Haivk- shaio, E. C]. March 1. Fastening. — Relates to slip hooks &c. for attach- ing the traces and breeching to gun-carriages and road vehicles. The curved part b is pivoted to the bar a provided with an eye c for the trace &c. The point of the part h is slotted for the staple c which is fixed to the bar a and embraces a cross- bar d which locks the hooks for both traces. The bar a may have a hooked part pivoted at both ends, both parts being held by the same staple and cross-bar. 4634. Burgron, March 5. FIC.I C; and Bur e'en; K. Horse (&c. clippers. — The Figure shows an eleva- tion of the machine with the casing in section. The cutter driving lever D takes no part whatever in pressing the cutter plate C against the comb plate B. For this purpose a special pressure lever G is provided pivoted in the axis of oscillation of the cutter driving lever D. The lever D is pivoted on the stud F surrounded by the screwed sleeve / and is notched to engage the lever G. The lever D engages with the cutter B and with the crank pin E in the usual way. The lever G is pressed down by the screw H carrying a steel ball at its point and is supported at the rear by a roller i. 4881. Davis, W. March 8. Whips. — Th.Q whip stock and lash are connected to- gether, or the stock or lash is repaired by a tube, split or otherwise, or by two or more trough shaped strips A, A^ which, as shown in the Figure, are bound at E to the lash B and con- nected to the stock C by the ferrule D. The binding E may be extended down as far as the fer- rule D. The same method may be employed in repair- ing fishing rods and the like. 5185. Harris, W. G. March 13. Horse d-c. clipp)ers. — The cutter plate a is so connected to one of the handles h that one full stroke of the handles in either direction produces two strokes of the cutter plate. The handle h is pivoted to the lower or comb plate d at j, and is formed with a toothed sector g to engage with a pinion e provided with a crank c connected to the cutter plate by a connecting rod h^. P 11362 33 5907. Dewsbury, A., and Vincent, March 21. Stirrups. — The Figure shows an elevation of the safety stirrup after the foot of the rider has been released. The tread B is pivoted to a bar A hinged to one leg h and provided with a hook c to engage with a groove in the other leg d. A spring h bearing against a flat on the bar A prevents the tread from pivoting too readily. When in use the tread rests at gr, g upon two projections/,/ on the legs of the stirrup. K. 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS «S:c. ri894 5974. Sayer, R. C. March 22. Stopping runaway horses^ means for. — When the speed of the vehicle is excessive a centrifugal governor, driven by one of the vehicle wheels, rotates a ring K which is connected by links and rods to levers KZ pivoted to the shafts of the vehicle. These levers have reins KJ coupled to them and by means of these the horse is checked. At the same time one end of the slot KC in the ring K strikes a pin on a rod MK and applies a brake-block to each wheel. When the vehicle is left unattended a handle MG- is rotated to bring a disc on the governor into driving contact with a similar disc on the ring K so that any movement of the vehicle, either backward or forward, rotates the ring and checks the horse and at the same time applies the brakes. 6399. . Wilson, G. March 30. Cleaning and ijolish- ing, apparatus for. — Yices for holding bits and other parts of harness &c. while being cleaned. The bit &c. is held between grooved wooden jaws D, D adjusted by the screw E. Chains &c. may be stretched between the hooks G- on the extension A and the hook H. The extension may be dispensed with. V^^ \_Tnuch, TF.]. April 2. 6546. Palmer, J., Bits. — The object is to so attach the reins that the pull upon the port is at the same angle whether the horse be ridden, driven, or led. The cheek bar A D is pre- ferably made with a recess E C, and extensions A G C, A H D, preferably semicircular in form, are attached at one or both ends to the cheek bar. Reins may , be attached to both extensions, the reins in the front extension resting in the recess E C D when the horse is being ridden or driven ; but resting on the curved extension when the horse is being led. 6694. Biebuyck, G. April 3. FIG. I. FIC.9. (O Stirrup straps, suspending. — Improvements on the inventions described in Specifications No. 18,194, A.D. 1889, and No. 2861, A.D. 1893. The stirrup- strap is attached to the piece E, Figs. 9 and 10, provided with a stud e to fit between the plates B, C, Fig. 1, which embrace the neck of the stud. The plates B, C overlap at J, c and are hinged at a, a' to a piece A on the plate X fixed to the saddle- tree. If the rider is thrown, the plates B, C open and release the piece E with the stirrup-strap. 6839. Scott, J. W. April 6. Dog collars. — A label giving the owner's name &c. is fixed to a dog collar by a casing or by a ring hinged or riveted &c. to the collar. The label is protected by a plate of transparent material. 6938. Brown, C. April 7. Fastening dog collars, harness back-bands (to enable fallen horses to be readily released) and other straps and bands. A case A carries one or 34 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 more spring tongues D engaging with the holes b in the strap B. The other strap B^ is attached to the casing A either in the manner shown or by a Fic.r. separate plate with projections engaging with the edges of the casing. 7986. Draydon, J., Draydon, J., and Draydon, G-. April 23. Fastening. — The trace chain D is attached to the end of the spreader A by a hooked T-headed bolt or clip B normally pressed inwards by the spring C. To release the chain the bolt is drawn out and turned through a right angle. 8092. Wilson, J. J. April 24. FIG. I. Clothing for animah. — Relates to body rollers, of which Figs. 1 and 2 show, respectively, an upper and a lower view of one form. The jband a, binds 6, cross pieces c, back mounts d, and the facings h of the pads e are made of self-edged .woven bands of jute, linen, wool, &c. The ordinary leather bindings are thus dispensed with. 8133. Seymour, B. April 24. Rein holders. — Two arms o, a' are hinged together, and are pressed apart by the spring c, so P 11362 as to grip the reins/. The arms are fixed to the roof of a cab &c. by screws passing through the base plate d. nc.i 8S9S. Prls, A. A. May 2. Fastening. — Relates to the hook, shackle, or link formed at the end or ends of the spring attachment for traces &c. to prevent sudden jars. The Figure shows one form of fastening, in which there is a fixed part e and hinged part /, which may be locked together by a cross piece h fitting into notches in the parts e,f. The piece h may be attached to a spring h^ or be fixed by a set-screw. The parts e, f may meet in the line of pull, as shown, or the part e may be extended. 9175. Trees, J., and Blyth, db Co. May 9. Brace, Windle, Saddles. — Improvements on the invention de- scribed in Specification No. 4725, A.D. 1892. Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section of the saddle- tree, and Fig. 5 a transverse section on the line X X. The sheet steel or other metal seat A is riveted &c. to the sheet metal under part B formed with curved sides 6', V and with points 6\ The edges of the parts A, B are wired, as shown. The points are strengthened*, by an arched steel plate C to which the saddle bars D^ are riveted. The parts 5^, V may be strengthened by longitu- dinal bars. In making up the saddle the seat plate A is covered with felt, cork, &c., and the leather seat and skirts, which may be blocked in one piece, are secured to the tree, preferably, by a strip of leather laced beneath the cantle. The flaps may be secured by screwing &c. and by metal clips passing through holes,;. The panel may be fixed as in the above mentioned Specification. 9339. Kirkman, W. T. May 11. Fastening reins. The object is to enable draft horses to be left unattended. A strap or chain &c. is buckled at one end to the shaft &c., and at 35 3-2 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 the other end is fastened round the wheel and the reins, the ends of which are tied to some fixed part of the vehicle. The reins are tightened by this strap if the horse moves forward. 9929. Hug-hes, E. May 22. FIG. 6. Fastening backhands and traces to facilitate releasing fallen horses. Fig. 3 shows a transverse section of the harness saddle. The upper free end of the backhand C on each side is secured in the channel in the saddle by the terret B or by a separate screw. The trace E, Fig. 6, is attached to the shaft F by an inclined stud or hook D, to which it is secured by a spring pin H. Fig. 5 shows a section of the pin with tongue J pressed out by springy. 10,358. Boult, Thorring, N. N.']. Saddles, trees for. The part t is well arched and not thickly stuffed, and the end corners / are carried well back to give the horse freer move- ment. The old form of tree is shown by the dotted lines/'. A. J., [Pliier, 0. K., and Mav 28. 10,913. Bartram, J. June 5. Clothing for animals. — Horse-rugs are knitted in a circular knitting machine instead of being woven. 11,192. Kail, W. June 9. Dravnngs to Specification. Whips. — Relates to reducing the thickness of parts of small metallic articles so as to give them a tapered or other desired form. The invention is stated to be applicable, among other things, to making whip cores. Consists in treating the article with a liquid in such a way that different portions of the article are exposed to the action of the liquid for different periods of time. Generally, but not necessarily (except in the case when a neutral solution is employed), the action takes place in an electrolytic cell, so that the current assists the required action. 11,400. Thompson, W. P., \_Ehler, P. L.]. June 12. Stirrups. — The object is to prevent the foot from getting too far through the stirrup, and thus to prevent the rider from being dragged, if thrown. The Figure shows a central longitudinal section through the stirrup at right angles to the plane of its bow a. Two curved arms c (only one is shown) are pivoted at d to the top of the bow, and at e to the tread b. They are kept at an angle of about 45° to each other by a wedge piece g. When the safety arms c are not required, the wedge g is removed and the arms are turned back so as to lie near the bow a. 11,434. Peronnet, J., and Danton, K. June 12. Collars, nech ; fastening ; stuffing materials. — The collar is made up of curved niet;il plates j^, C, G 36 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 of modified U-section, within which are bodies B, Fig. 6, of fabric x stuffed with straw, horse-hair, cork, rubber, &c., and covered with leather k. Fig. 6 is a section on the line Y X. These bodies 11,497. G-arnier, E., and Ellis, W. June 13. Collars, neck. — The fIG.I are secured by plates D, into which tLe adjustable hame fastenings I screw, as shown. The plates C slide in the plates A, and are adjustably fixed thereto by the screwed shanks of the rein rings E, which screw through the plates A, C and the bars a. The plates C can also be adjustably fixed to the plates G. The collar is hinged at the top by the bars a, binged together at c, and covered by a strip of leather. The collar is fastened at the bottom by a stud t and eye s with an eccentric turn pin u. body A of the collar consists of a hollow case of rubber &c., or of canvas &c., rendered air and water proof, and strengthened by bands of canvas, leather, &c. This case is inflated with air or other gas, which is prevented from escaping by a valve B. The draft is taken from a rigid frame or frames or hames E, preferably of metal tubing. The hames &c. may be bolted together at F, and attached to the hollow case or body by straps, clips, rings, &c. D. The rein rings J may be attached by straps, or by soldering, screwing, &c. Various forms of hame tugs K, L are described, some being of metal, and others of rubber, leather, &c. A second or third pair of hames, parallel to the first and suitably connected thereto, may be employed. These may be padded where they touch the collar body. llj-TTS. Tor- rens, J. A. June 18. Tethering animals. — To the peg A driven into the ground is secured the post C by means of loops B, B and a pin D. A bar F is loosely connected to this post by eyes E, G. The head strap H is attached to two ropes K, L ; the rope K is attached to the eye E, and the rope L runs o V e r a pulley P, and terminates in a weight W, which slides upon the barF. 11,779. Burg-ess, C. ». June 18. Fastening. — The trace a has an eye h or snap hook at one end, is threaded through a compound loop c in the middle, and is fixed to the buckle/at the other end. The hame tug is dispensed with. The loop c has cross-bars e, e and side loops d for the back 1894] ABHIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 and belly bands. The buckle g has two cross- bars g, h, on one of which g there is a fixed tongue g^. The trace is attached to the splinter bar by a short strap, one end of which is fastened to the cross-bar h of the buckle, and the other to the loop i, Figs. 1 and 7, after being passed through the loop to form a noose. The end of the trace is passed through the opening f. In a modification, the trace is prolonged, and then bent back, passed through a running loop, and fastened to the cross- bar of the buckle. In another modification for heavy traces, the trace is bent back, and passed through a loop k as before, but the end is fastened in the loop m by a transverse screw, which passes also through a perforated metal piece, Fig. 10, let into the trace. 11,781. Harries, G-. E. June 18. Stirrup str ap s, sus- pending. — The stirrup leather D is buckled to a plate B provided with a grooved stud E, which fits between the bevelled edges of two spring jaws H, I pivoted to the plate A fixed to the saddle-tree. A pin F on the plate B fits into a circular groove G in the plate A. If the rider is thrown in any way, the stud is freed from the jaws H, I by the movement of one or both of them, and the stirrup leather is detached. 12,058. Machell, ». JRein holders. — The reins are held by a spring clip B at- tached to a forked piece A which em- bra c e s the foot- board C. June 22. 12,296. Funt, J. June 25. 2\ I [p 1 : : i| 1 ' ' 1 yj ; 1 i> V Brackets or stands. — The rack is formed of a top plate having arms A and spaces B to receive the handles of umbrellas, walking sticks, golf clubs, billiard cues, driving whips, &c. The top plate has flanges a which with a bottom plate c form a case in which on every arm A, except the ends, are pivoted turn wheels D acted on by a spring actuated arm E. By pushing in the handle it rotates the wheel a quarter of a revolution and is retained by the following spoke. Fig. 2 is a section on 2-2, Fig. 1. June 26. 12,387. maasen, K. Stopping rutiaway horses. — On the dash- board or other con- venient part of the vehicle is mounted a socket a screwed in- ternally to receive a spindle b having a crank - handle at its upper end, and being reduced at the lower end to pass through a double bearing a' be- tween the parts of which is a ratchet - wheel / prevented from rotating in one direction by a pawl g. A feather in the rat- chet-wheel slides on a groove or key way in the spindle. Should the horse bolt or be- come restive the driver places his reins over the hook c and rotates the spindle b and, by winding up the reins, effectually controls the horse. 12,399. Xffiiha- 1 o c z y, A. June 26. Stirrups. — The stirrup releases the rider's foot, if an accident occurs, by the opening of the stirrup eye, which consists of two hinged parts b, b held together normally by the T head f^ on the inner bow d. 38 18d4i ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 13,340. Feeny, V. I., [Greene, C.]. July 10. Horse &c. clippers. — The cutting head is con- nected to the handles by a hinge joint so that they can be used at any angle. The handles A, A' are pivoted together at K, and a spring O between them is held by the sockets N. The hinge pin F passes through lugs B on the handle A and brackets C on the lower plate D. This pin F is movable longitudinally and has a disc G- in its centre which engages a groove J in the upper cut- ting plate H and a slot M in the lower end of the handle A^ By this means the upper plate H is worked by the handle A^ in any position of the handles. An extension of the bracket C takes into the slot I to guide the upper plate H. 13,496. Thompson, W. P., [Haddorf, J. M'., L., and Eggers, H. F. H.]. July 12. Stirrups. — To the leg a carrying the suspension loop are hinged the tread c a,t h and the leg b at i. The leg and tread are connected together by the screw 0 fitting into a notch in the pin p which lies in a slot in the tread. The legs a, b are drawn together by the hinged cross-bar g. If the rider is thrown his foot engaging with the crossbar draws the legs a, b together and disengages the pin jy from the screw o. The spring t then forces the tread to open on its hinge k. A spring pin h of vulcanite &c. prevents the rider's foot from slipping on the tread. 13,631. Burg-ess, C. K. July 14. Tugs, shaft. — Shaft - tugs and buckles for use therewith. The buckle consists of a frame a with crossbars b, c, of which the bar c carries a fixed or movable tongue d for the back-strap i arranged as shown. The buckle may be formed at the bottom with a broad flat lip to which the tug g is riveted ; this is not shown in the Figures. A strap k is fixed to a loop I on the other end of the tug, and after passing through the buckle a is fast- ened to the belly- band m. For han- som cabs the tug g may be replaced by a simple loop h, Fig. 6, attached to the buckle a. 13,764. Clarke, C H. July 17. Whips and hunting crops.— The handles are formed with a covering made up of flat felt rings secured together. 13,985. Bywater, W. M. July 20. FIG Saddles. —The pommels of ladies' riding saddles are made to pivot to afford ease to the rider. The pommel is attached to a curved plate E which pivots upon the upright C carried by a plate B fixed saddle. C.4. to the body of the 39 1894] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HAKNESS &c. [1894 14,051. Bill, D. K.. July 21 Collars, nee 7c. — The collar consists of two plates of leather A stiffened by metal bars beneath the leather strips D' and con- nected at the top and bottom by curved bars B, C with T-ends fit- ting into slots. The stiflEening bars may have branches to lie in the ends of the traces E. 14,703. Sewell, F. G. G-., and Sewell, H. J. July 31. '^ FIG. 3. '^2 Collars, nech. — The Figure shows a transverse setion of the collar. The f orewale a and af terwale a' are formed of a single piece of sheet metal or thin cast metal shaped as shown, the groove a^ being for the hames. A replaceable leather cushion h stuffed with straw is attached within the frame by stitching it to a strip of leather d riveted to the afterwale. 14,963. Mills, W. Aug. 4. Fastening. — Coiled draw springs suitable for the harness of horses drawing tramcars &c., shunting railway wagons, drawing canal boats, and for use with ships' ropes, anchor cables, &c. The spring S is enclosed between two discs D in each of which is secured the ends of a U-shaped link L, which slides freely through the other. In a modification, the spring is oval instead of round, the end discs are of corresponding form, and one of the (J-links is replaced by a central bar. 15,237. Jones, A. BZ. Aug. 9. Whips. — The handle, which is of nickel &c., is hol- low to contain hot water in cold weather, the aper- ture being closed by a suitable stopper, and covered by a flap C. 15,407. Hopewell, J. Aug. 13. Clothing for animals. — The horse blanket is preferably made of a material in which strengthen- ing cords are introduced at intervals amongst the ordinary warp and weft threads which when napped or dressed hide the cords. The edge of the blanket is strengthened by a cord held by the doubled edge of the material or by a binding. Two strong straps c, d stitched to the blanket pass from the front and after crossing terminate in fastenings c^, c?' thus forming a surcingle. An auxiliary surcingle is formed by a strap e with fastenings e\ e^. A strap /runs along the back. 15,408. Hopewell, J. Aug. 13. Clothing for animal s. — The blanket is adapted to fit horses of dif- ferent sizes by making the breast part large, and pro- viding it with suit- able fastenings so that it may be over- lapped when used for smaller horses. The Figure shows the breast part thus overlapped and fastened, a hook g taking into the eye a of the series a, h, c. The end loop c is sup- ported by a fastening on the inner side of the outer fold of the blanket. FIG. I. 15,472. Schwarz, S. Aug. 14. Fast en ing. — Clasp fastening formed of a metal plate bent at an angle and having a keyhole slot E, F. The plate may be single or bent double the back part being slotted. I is the stud. 40 1894] ABRIDaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 15,842. Coltman, F. J., and Whitby, Aug. 20. 15,786. Spohr, P. Aug. 20. Bits. — The bit arm b lias a projection b^ to prevent the bit from twisting and is connected to the bridle h and curb chain/ by a fastening consisting of a swivel c, link d^, and hook e. The swivel c has an eye c^ or a hook, and in the latter case the link d^ maybe notched so that the mouth of the hook is open only when the link is turned at right angles to its present position. FIC.I Clothing for animals. — Relates to a fly net a which has a marginal strap b to which loops d are attached to support the traces e. Letters forming advertisements are attached to the net, as shown. 15,923. Justice, P. TX., [Noakes, W. if., and ClarJcson, E. J.^. Aug. 21. Horse &c. clippers. — The cutter plate K is reciprocated Over the comb plate B by the lever G- which has pins g- taking loosely into the cutter plate. The lever G is pivoted on the hemispherical head H which is drawn down to adjust the ten- sion by the bolt M and milled nut m^. To the front end of the lever G is pivoted the pressure piece J which has a tailj bearing upon the loose fork L. The stem of this fork rests upon the lever G while its prongs bear upon the cutter plate K. The lever G is reciprocated by the pin g carried by the lever F which is pivoted at/, is slotted at /' for the bolt M, and is forked at/* for the crank pin E. The crank pin is extended and bent, as shown, so as to bear against a thrust block e. FIG. 3 16,039. Evans, W. Aug. 23. Saddles; dog collars. — Relates to forming illuminated designs on leather, applicable to form- ing harness fronts for horses, saddles, dog collars, and other articles. Consists in securing convex blocks or beads g, by means of threads h in holes formed in the material/, i in any required design. 16,142. Johnson, J. V., [Little, D.]. Aug. 24. Horse dc. clippers. — The cutter plate F is reci- procated by an eccentric D working in a slotted plate E carried by the cutter plate. The eccentric is fixed to a spindle C which passes through the handle A, and terminates in a bevel wheel h gearing FIG. I with another bevel wheel H provided with a handle J. Spur gearing may replace the bevel gearing. 41 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 16,456. McCallum, C. Aug. 29. Collars, neck. — The collar is protected from the wear of the rein D by a metal plate C. FIG. I. 16,891. nXcZiennan, A. F., and Falrie, J. Sept. 5. Co liars, n e c k ; saddles ; lining and padding. — Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of one side of the pneumatic collar which is lined with rubber n forming the inner wall of an air chamber divided by perforated partitions B into smaller chambers. The perforations are made smaller at one end than the other, as shown, so that air bulging out a partition passes more freely one way than the other. A partition D at the bottom pre- vents the passage of air between the two sides of the collar. Riding and harness saddles are formed in a similar way. The lining n may be ribbed and covered on the surface with some soft fabric, and the frame of the collar &c. may be of aluminium or other metal. 16,895. Chopping-, A., and Pullen, E. Sept. 5. Drawings to Specification. Reins, bearing. A part of the bearing rein is made of india-rubber &c. to allow expansion, and thus give more comfort to the animal. 17,073. Corp, J. Sept. 7. FIG. 8. Fastening traces. The ends of the traces are passed over pins E on a bar B turning in bearings on the sphnter bar S. The bar B has an arm C which IS held by a spring catch A controlled by the driver, who can thus instantly release the traces by pulling the connecting cord K. 17,248. Defoy, Horse breaking and training, electric h a rness for. The rider carries a battery A with primary and secondary coils, and from the latter pass wires C, D down the arms for attaching to the reins R and wires F, G down the legs for attaching to the spurs Z, Z^ Wires in the reins lead to terminals Y, V^, Y^ in the bridle. The two terminals at Y, Y' re spec t ively are shielded by a slotted plate, which yields when pressed down by the reins so as to expose the terminals, shock. The terminals parts of the harness. Zi. Sept. 11. FIG. 2. and give the animal a may be placed at other 7,411. Bailey, W. K., Brindle, J. K., Newbold, A. T., and Mason, J. Sept. 13. Back hands or chains for harness saddles are con- FlG.l FIG.2. structed with longi- tudinal links con- nected by cross pins, upon each of which are placed two or more balls of greater diameter than the width of the links. -®:^^ 17,428. Clark, W. Sept. 13. Horse do. clippers. — The handles are pressed apart by a plate spring P provided with an anti-friction roller R. 42 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 17,514. Colchester, E. S. Droppings, devices for catching. — A bag a is attached to the crupper or tail strap of the horse, ele- phant, &c. by hooks a^'- and to the belly- band and breeching by straps i-*, ¥^ re- spectively. A box c with a spring lid c* distributes some dis- infecting powder whenever the lid is opened by the falling of the refuse. Sept. 14. F1C.4. 17,940. Iiuke, W. Sept. 21. Harnessing, systems of ; collars, breast ; traces. — The object is to lessen the friction of the harness on the animal when at work. The breast-strap 20 is made in a piece with the trace, which is provided at 33 with a ring for the short strap 32 connected with the breeching 31 and has a buckle 21 for the part 24 of the trace connected to the vehicle. The front part of the breast-strap 20 has buckled to it a strap 28 to which the pole-strap 30 is con- nected. The breast-strap is supported by loops 22 on the saving collar 8, the upper ends of which overlap in a casing 14 over which is fixed a strap 15 buckled at each end to the upper ends of the collar. A strap 16 passes from the front of the collar to the belly-band 17, and a strap 18 passes from the buckle 13 to the saddle 1 9. 18,168. Ottaway, J. P. Sept. 25. Stopping runaway horses. — The device is especi- ally for tradesmen's use to enable them to leave their carts unattended. An extra pair of reins is attached to a spindle beneath the vehicle, which may be connected to the wheel hubs by a lever. This spindle in rotating winds up the reins above- mentioned if the horse moves forwards, but does not do so if it backs. Fig. 3 shows the clutch for effecting this object. The reins are attached at e« to the drum e, which has ratchet shaped notches for the pin H sliding in a channel G in the spindle A above mentioned. Sept. 25. 18,176. James, G. O. Clothing for animals. — The horse rug or sheet consists of an outer covering A of linen, canvas, (fee, lined with woollen or woven material. At the neck there is a gusset D of canvas lined with leather. The outer cover A is prefer- ably in halves sewn together with the seam at a. The lining is in one piece and is stitched at a^, a^ and around the margin to a fold of the outer cover, where there is a binding C of webbing. A strap and buckle are placed at E, F, respectively. 18,287. Cope, J., and Taylor, K. Sept. 26. Stirrups. — The tread C of the safety stirrup is hinged at one end I to the hinged inner bow B, and is formed at its other end with a notched projec- tion D to enter the fork E on the other leg of the inner bow and engage with the projection F on outer bow. The fork E is also notched to engage with the projection F. When the rider falls, his foot turns the inner bow so that the fork E disengages the projections D, F and liberates the tread. 43 ie94] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 18,674. Dowler, ». Oct. 2. Riveting-machines. — Relates to hollow or tubular rivets such as are gene- rally employed in joining articles of leather, canvas, or other non-metallic pic material, as straps, saddles, shoes, bags, &c., and to the tools employed in setting, driving, and cl i nching the rivets. The rivets are strengthened at the part ¥, Fig. 2, where the head joins the stem by perforating the head and forcing the edge of the perforation inwards to form a lining or double thickness a of metal at the neck ¥. Split tubular rivets, Fig. 5, have elongated, elliptical, angular, or irregular shaped perforations a formed in the head, the perforations having always the same position relative to the slits or divisions in the rivet stem so that the rivets can be placed always in the same position by the setting, driving, and clinching tool. The rivets may be provided with perforated or unperforated caps. The riveting may be performed by ordinary tools, but preferably by the tool shown in Fig. 16. The perforated head of the rivet is placed on the shaped end e^ of a sliding piece e, guided so as not to rotate in the slotted part (P of the punch which is screwed into the hollow plunger / of the press. As the plunger / descends, the sliding piece e is arrested by the material h and the rivet is forced through by the punch and clinched by the spread- ing die I. As the plunger rises, the sliding piece e is returned by the rod g, which is provided with a cress pin h to strike the frame n if the parts stick in the plunger. Several modifications of the riveting tool are described. Oct. 4. 18,790. Sown, W. Oct. 4. Horse &c. clip- pers. — The work- ing is made easier for the hand by an antifriction roller &c. h carried by the spring C and running on the steel faced projec- tion B. FIC.t. 18,830. Kardtke, K. Spur - carriers. — The Figure shows the spur- carrier fixed in the heel of the boot &c. and the spur in place. The car- rier consists of a box h provided with a projec- tion e^ to engage with a notch e in the tang d of the spur. A spring / keeps the projection and notch in engagement until the spur is tilted in the direction of the arrow when the tang may be pulled out. A piece h, actuated by a spring «, closes the opening c on the removal of the spur. 19,093. Wood, A., Walter, J. S., and Walter, W. Tit. Oct, 8. Fastening. — Relates to a loop or noose for straps, particularly applicable for securing traces and pole straps, to enable fallen horses to be readily re- leased. The trace &c. B, Fig. 4, passes through a loop A, then round the bolt on the splinter bar &c., and lastly has its end attached to the loop by a snap fastening. Two forms of fastening are shown. The rigid curved piece D fixed to the end of the trace passes through an eye in the loop A, and is fixed therein by a spring a\ Fig. 4, fitting into a notch or by a spring catch I, Fig. 6. The fastening may be dispensed with, and the parts A and D made in one piece, the object of the curve in the tongue D being to lessen the strain on the strap. 19,106. Richards, J. Oct. 9. FIG. 5. FIG. 2 FiG. 8 Try l_ Hk. Bridles. — Relates to forming a rigid bridle front or brow band and to making and attaching chains 44 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESri &c. [1894 to leather straps for brow bands. The brow band may be made in two strips of metal, of the section shown in Fig. 2, united together by the edges e. The lower metal band, b may be replaced by a thick leather strap. The metal may be corrugated and it may be silver plated or covered with leather &c. The brow band may be made of wood covered with leather. It is attached by loops at its ends to the cheek straps. In brow band chains the whole or a part of each link maybe covered with leather. The chain links may be cut from a strip of metal silver plated over its entire surface or only over portions. Fig. 8 shows a strip plated at I and plain at ?«-, the links to be cut on the dotted lines. Fig. 5 shows the manner of attaching brow band chains to the underlying straps. The short ]inks g have projec- tions h to fit into depressions i in the strap which has at its ends loops for the cheek straps and fasteninars for the ends of the chain. 19,425. Ostermann, R. Oct. 12. Spurs instead of being forged or cast, are formed by bending a blank, Fig, 1, stamped out of sheet metal. The blank is bent on the lines x x,y y, the arms b are next curved to the form, Fig. 2, the spike c for the boot is riveted or soldered on, and lastly, the rowel is attached 19,434. Shepherd, T. Oct. 12. FIG. 2. Fastening, spring attachments for. A spring e is held between a nut c^ on a bar c and the bottom of a tubular case a, the bar and case being attached to parts of a strap or chain by a hook or eye c^ and a screw cap a^ and shackle b. A tube d on the bar c limits the compression of the spring. The shackle is in parts hinged together at ¥ and bolted to the cap at b^. The apparatus may be used on splinter bara of vehicles, and for other purposes. Two springs may be used on the bar c. 19,7'72. Thompson, W. P., [Risch, I. vonl. Oct. 17. ? L , J Tethering animals. — Relates to a hitching strap, shown in Fig. 1. The loop g is attached to the halter ring, and the snap hook b is secured to a ring on the tethering peg or on a wall «S:c., or to the halter ring of another horse. By disconnecting the loops e and g the strap a may be used at its full length. The snap hook, Fig, 1<», has the spring li within the tongue /, as shown, for protection. FIG 3 20,151. Calantarients, J. A. Oct. 22. Saddles. — Relates to the construction o f the pads of trusses, which con- struction is also applicable to riding saddles. The inven- t i o n is described with reference to a truss-pad, of which a back view is shown in the Figure. It consists of an elastic shell G, of wire gauze or perforated sheet metal, secured to a rigid frame A, furnished with bridge-pieces B and C, 20,254. Thompson, J. A. Oct, 23. Harness for light wagons, racing sulkies, &c. The object is to dispense with the breast strap and breeching, or to combine these with the new harness. A main strap c is secured to the shafts b by caps c' and afterwards passing downwards, as shown, crosses the horse's back, a.t which point 45 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 it carries a crupper. The lowest points of the strap c on each side are connected by a strap e, and at the junction of these two straps there are se- cured straps / connected to the girth h which is buckled to the shaft. The back strap passing over the saddle a is also connected to the shaft. 20,564. Egrgrlnton, TIL. Oct. 27. BmeJcets or stands for. — The whip &c. is held be- tween the two rubber lined halves of a ring A hinged at E and having projections C provided with a lock or fastening D. The base plate F is provided with screw holes for fixing the clip to a stand, wall, &c. 20,722. Johnson, T. Oct. 30 Horse - hoots to prevent slipping. The sole d is of thick corrugated or in- dented rubber backed with leather &c., if desired. The sides a are of rubber or of leather with gussets h which may be closed by elastic webbing, by springs, or by straps or laces. Around the top is a band e of rubber, leather, &c. fastened at the back by straps/. 20,979. X bee, J.. ee- , w.. and B e e b e e , B. Nov. 1. Saddles. — The gullet of the saddle -tree, as shown in cross- section, is formed of a corrugated metal plate. 21,277. Oxborrow, T. S. Nov. 6. Terrets. — The terrets are made with a rect- angular opening to pre- vent the reins from twisting. The rein may be inserted through a gap which may be closed by a spring latch, as shown. 21,678. mills, T, W. Nov. 10. Fastening. -'Relaiea to cast - ing in malleable metal the hame hooks for fastening the traces. A mould is formed from a pattern which has the shape of the combined pin 8, Fig. 4, and cheeks 9. A pin 8 with flattened &c. ends is then placed in the mould, and the metal is run in so as to form the cheeks 9 and connect them to the pin. A mould is next formed from a pattern having the form of the combined hook 11, pin 8, and cheeks 9, and the cast- ing 8, 9 just formed is laid in it, the pin 8 having been previously coated with blacking &c. to prevent the adhesion of the pin to the hook. The metal is run in so as to form the hook and connect it to the pin. A hinged hook with cheeks for riveting &c. to the hames is thus formed. If desired, the pins and cheeks may be made in one casting. In a modification, the hook 11, Fig. 6, and pins 8^^ are first cast in one piece, and the hinged cheeks are cast on, as shown. 21,742. BKiiller, M. Nov. 10. Whips. — ThelashL is detachably connected to the handle H by a socket B and two tubes C, A. The end of theilash is secured to the split socket B, which is held against the end of the handle by a conical tube C screwing on to the tube A, itself screwed &c. to the handle. 46 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 21,875. Pitman, C- W. Nov. 13. Horse dx. clippers. — Figs. 2 and 3 show respectively horizontal and vertical sections of the sheep clipper which is worked by an air or other fluid pressure motor, consisting of a wheel A with buckets a^ against which the air &c. impinges. The spindle «* of the wheel has a worm e engaging with a worm-wheel E formed with an eccentric e} working in a block ^* sliding in the slotted end of the cutter lever F. This lever turns on a pin f^ secured to the casing D by a nut /^ A flanged sleeve /' screws upon the lower end of the pin /^, and the comb plate G- is held between the flange and a nut /•\ The comb plate is supported in front by a pin H which is connected to the casing D in a similar way that the pin /' is connected to the plate G. Slots /® are formed in the plate G and casing D, so that the plate may be adjusted laterally. The plate may also be vertically adjusted by adjusting the screwed sleeves above mentioned and the nuts upon them. The machine is provided with oil reservoirs I and/\ and suitable lubricating channels ^■*, P. The exhaust air is led partly through channel c^ and partly through c^ to the cutters, where it serves to blow away small loose hair. IC.I ^ 22,016. Wood, A. Nov. 14. i^as^enm^.-Relates to im- provements on Specification No. 4258, A.D. 1894, and to the method of closing the mouth of open links, loops, and slip and other hooks for ropes, traces, pole- straps, halters, dog leads, and chains for dogs, ships, gymnastic appliances, &c. Fig. 1 shows one form of link for releasing fallen horses, or for use in case of fire &c. A bolt D slides in the hollow arm A of the link, and is pressed up by a spring H so that a pin at the end of the bolt enters a recess in the part E. The bolt may be drawn down and kept in that position by a pin j sliding in a bayonet slot. In a modification, the bolt is replaced by a sleeve sliding on the arm A. The sleeve may be pressed up by a spring, or may be simply slit to engage with a pin which bears on the bottom edge of the sleeve when the link is closed. A swivelling link may be attached to the lower end of the loop or hook. > 22,196. Siebuyck, G. Nov. 16. Stirrup straps^ suspending. — The stirrup leather is fastened to a loop c. Fig. 9, carrying a stud C. In one arrangement, Fig. 1, the stud is supported by a plate B fixed to a plate A riveted to the saddle-tree. The stud rests with its neck on the plate B, and is prevented from coming off by a spring latch Y, except when the rider is thrown. The latch may have a horizontal arm resting beneath the stud. In another arrangement, Fig. 9, the plate B is suspended from the plate A by a hook X and eye. 22,708. Wood, F. » Horse hoots. — The boot is made of india- rubber, with canvas &c. embedded in it. It has the form shown with sharp edges at 9 and 4, and is se- cured by buckled straps 10. 47 18d4] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 228,45i Burman, W. K.^ T. Nov. 26. and Bur man; Horse &c. clippers. — The object is to guide the cutter in a horizontal plane over the comb. Two or more antifriction pins fitting into suitable sockets are used for this purpose. Figs. 4, 15, and 16 show the pins and their sockets. The heads of the pins c?, Fig. 4, the knobs e,/, Fig. 16, and the surfaces e\ /■, Fig. 15, are portions of a sphere having a diameter equal to the effective length of the pin. The pin may have one end like that of Fig. 15, and the other like that of Fig. 16. These pins may be used between the cutter and comb plate of hand clippers, or between the operating lever and the casing of machine- driven clippers. Fig. 1 shows one arrangement, in which two pins d are placed at the rear of the lever c' pivoted on a loose pin c^, the head of which is pressed down by the tension screw i and rests upon a segmental washer y. The sockets e,/, Figs. 1 and 4, bear on the casing and a cylindrical part of the lever respectively. In a modification, the tension screw is below the lever, and the anti- friction pins are at the front part of it and above it. In this form one of the lower sockets is pivoted on trunnions, as shown at /, Fig. 15. Fig. 11 shows another method of employing the pins d. The lever is pivoted at c^, and the pins d are placed between the trunnion ed socket e and the socket/, sliding without turning in the screwed cap i which adjusts the tension. 23,305. Duncan, A. Dec. 1. Nose-hags and food containers. — The object is to dispense with the strap attaching the nose- bag &c. to the head of the animal. The noae-bag 6, of the form of an inverted truncated pyramid, is attached by straps &c. c, or by nailing to rods a, which are telescopic or hinged &c., and are con- nected to the shafts s by a clip d, as shown, or by tubes on the shafts or by straps. The rods above mentioned may be supported by straps attached to the horse-collar and to the girth. In pair- horse vehicles where a pole is used, the nose-bags are attached to two parallel rods, fitted at right angles to the pole or to a rod forming a prolongation of it. The Provisional Specification states that the rods may be slotted for bolts through the shafts, or the shafts may be hollow to receive the rods which may be operated by rack and pinion or ratchet mechanism. 23,475. Behrens, Rein holders. — The reins M are held be- tween the corrugated cam Gr and the top L of the piece B, B^ which is fixed to the dash-board E. The cam G- is pivoted at H to the upright A, which is formed in a piece with the arms B, B'. The reins are prevented from leav- ing the cam accident- ally by a bar J pivoted at H, and bearing against a pin K ou the cam. N. Dec. 3. 23,776. Frost, K. Stirrups. — The hinged tread x of safety stir- rups is fastened at its free end by a projec- tion, the parts S, g of which engage respec- tively with slots c in the outer bow y and slot / in the inner bow z. The fastening is thus inside the outer bow instead of outside as usual. Dec. 7. FIG. 3 23,856. Justice, P. m., [Marsden, M. TF.]. Dec. 7. Stuffing-materials.— In order to form a filling or packing for horse-collars &c. the pith of corn cane, maize, or broom cane is disintegrated and used as the packing material either loose or in prepared bags. 48 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1894 23,903. Newall, J. W. Dec. 8. FiG.l rz:s/^m=r^ Fic.4. Horse &c. clippers. — Relates to improvements on Specification No. 10,750, A.D. 1891, for pivoting the driving lever, to means for protecting the joint between the machine and the flexible shaft, for varying the extent of the cut, and for strengthening and adjusting the cutter. The lever B, Fig. 1, is pivoted to a ball A which turns on a pin D fixed to the casing, or is formed with pins to turn in bearings in the casing, as shown in Fig. 4. The joint, Fig. 5, is protected by a flexible cover E tied or otherwise held down at e, e^ and held open by a ring G. The extent of cut is varied by a projec- tion hi Fig. 6, beneath the cutter or on a plate H attached to it. Rollers may be used instead of the projection H. The cutter is strengthened and the pressure of the teeth equalized by forming it with a rib F, Fig. 14, on which the pressure lever B bears, as shown. The space between the teeth may be slotted to make them more flexible. The rear P of the cutter may bear on a spring K, or may itself form the spring. 24,343. Ziarue, C. Dec. 14. Tethering animals. — The apparatus is shown as applied as an arm rest in a railway vehicle, and consists of a casing divided into three compart- ments by partitions &, h and secured to the wall of the vehicle over a seat. In one of the end com- partments is a spring C, and in the other is a ratchet wheel E with which a pawl e engages. In the central compartment a double band D of leather or webbing is wound on the axle A. The loop of this band can be used to support the arm or leg, its length being varied by disengaging the pawl by means of a cord F and then pulling it out or allowing the spring to wind it up. When employed in tethering animals the casing is fixed P 11302 to some convenient part, and the strap to the animal's collar or halter. . . FIG. I 24,512. Co-operative Padlock Society ■ and "Wrig-iit, T. Dec. 17. Collars, neck. — Draft staples or hooks E, rein rings, and top staples are fixed to case cart hames by rivets d which pass through holes in the backs of the cases a and in metal stiffening plates A. Holes through the wooden hame cores and the fronts of the cases are thus dispensed with. The outside of the cases may also be strengthened by plates C. 24,606. Dec. 18. Thompson W. P., [Muller, V.]. '[Yhips. The whip handle consists essentially of an inner' core of cane with the bark on and a spiral sprino- surrounding it and protected by suitable wrappings. In the section. Fig. 8, a is the cane which is surrounded by strips of thm woven fabric and pieces of cane, both of which are not shown These pieces extend about three-quarters 49 1894] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 of the length of the handle and give it a conical form. The steel spring is marked & ; c is the ■wrapping to prevent the oxidation of the spring, d pieces of whip cane or strips of woven fabric, / wrappings of thread, g a cap, and g^ a band. 24,635. Dec. 18. Edwards, E., [i/rose, F. TF.]. Stirrups. — The tread is made in two parts c, c which open out on spring hinges c\ c^ to liberate the foot and close again automatically. A catch h keeps the tread together until considerably strained. (For Drawing see next column.) 24,635. 24,800. Muller, HI. Dec. 20. Whips. — The handle consists of an air-pump for inflating the pneumatic tyres of cycles &c. The pump has a spring handle g, piston d, and flexible nozzle c ; when in use it is drawn from the whip &c, at the joint y. ,,-f^ ... 1 A.D. 1895. 67. Stevens, G-. P., and Stevens, P. Jan. 1. Horse-cl ippe rs and the like. — The handles b, ¥ are pivoted to exten- sions c, c' of t h e blades so that they may be inclined at any required angle to the plane of the blades. 80. Kemming's, J. P. Jan. 1. Nose-hags. — The bag is formed in two or more compartments ; in the form shown in Fig. 1, the food is consumed in the open compartment b, to which it passes from the receptacles a, a by open- ings at the bottom. These openings may be con- trolled by shutters. The food is placed in the receptacles a, a through openings at the top closed by flaps, as shown. The bag is closed up by gather- FIC.l FIG. 5. 50 ing the suspending strap/ and chain between the loop h and hook g. Fig. 6 shows in section a bag 1895] ABRICaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 for military service with a single partition a^ with the gap at the bottom, as in the other form. nc.i. '- F r ^ K J I — 5^1^^f*fM 94. Middleditch, K. A. W. Jan. 1. Fasteniiig. — At the end of the pole P is fixed a plate having guides B, B through which passes the spring-controlled bolt D, which also passes into a hole in each of the eye links E. To release the horse, the driver moves a lever connected to the cord F, which pulls back the bolt D against the action of the spring S and so releases the eye links E. Over the bolt D is placed a brass sleeve K, which prevents the bolt from being withdrawn too far. 167. Kallen, A. H. Jan. 3. Nose-hags. — The bag & h a s a perforated bottom e and a per- forated false bottom, between which there is placed a layer of wood wool &c. satu- rated with a suitable inhalant for medically treating the mouth and nasal passages. 500. Metcalf, J. A. Jan. 8. Saddles. — The saddle is more especially for jockeys' use in races. To the tree A, open in the centre, is tacked a web portion B of leather &c.. and over this is tacked an inflated rubber bag D open in the centre. By this arrangement, the inflated cushion is not pressed down as the girth is tightened, but serves simply to support the rider. Over this is a seat with flaps G and skirts H^ The ordinary padded or felt cushion C is secured beneath the saddle. The stirrup straps pass round the side bars of the tree A, and are connected by a strap E resting on the inflated pad and sewn down in the middle to prevent the strap from shifting from side to side. The strap E sustains the weight of the rider when standing in the stirrups. 592. Chandler, R. T. Jan. 9. Nose - bags. — The bottom b is of perfo- rated zinc &c., and is fixed to a ring c of , wood or metal to which is riveted the material of the bag a and a leather strip d. The perforated raised bottom keeps the food dry and well v e n t i - lated. 875. Cresswell, T. Jan 14. Stirrup - straps, sus- pending.— The stirrup- strap / is suspended on an arm a hinged to a stud b which can turn in the plate c. A spring e bearing on a shoulder of the arm a prevents it from normally turn- ing on its hinge nr.d a projection g beneath the arm supports it in ordinary circumstances. "^T^^ ^' If the rider falls the stirrup leather is freed by the arm turning on the hinge or the pivot, or both. 885. Thompson, Jan. 14. Bridles. — The object is to obtain more effec- tive control by drawing the bit up into the horse's mouth. The bit rings have ordinary reins E and bridoon reins F attached to them. The bridoon reins run through pulleys Gr, H on the head band and bit ring respectively and form the sole connection be- tween these parts. A fixed or adjustable stop, preferably formed by a leather loop I' and pin P, is attached to the bridoon rein as shown. W. P., [Smith, C]. FIG. 2. r 11362 1037. Oldershaw, S., and Nig-hting-ale, W. K. Jan. 16. Horse-boots.— -The horse-shoe is attached to the hoof by a horse-boot which consists of an upper a of leather &c. with a gusset &, Fig. 2, of rubber &c., and a slit in front for lacing up. The upper 51 4-a 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 is riveted to an iiiaer sole e of leather, vulcanite, &c., and an outer sole / of similar material sepa- rated by a steel plate g. preferably made with a toe clip Aand side clips i. The metal shoe Ic is attached to this boot by rivets I. In very light shoes the plate g may serve as the shoe proper. In a modi- fication, Fig. 6, the inner and outer soles are re- placed by a single thick sole beneath which the plate g and shoe k or racing plate are secured by bolts n and nuts m. The lacing may be replaced by a second elastic gusset, or the upper may be made of a continuous piece of rubber &c., to be sprung over the hoof. In some cases the boot may be cemented to the hoof. 1334. "WhiteHead, E. A., and BXacG-regror, W. P. Jan. 21. Horse clippers and the like. — Sheep clippers and the like are driven by an air, water, or other fluid motor incorporated with the clipper. The Figures show one form of motor, but other forms, such as the Pelton wheel or Jonval turbine, may be used. In Fig. 1, the spindle B of the clipper is fixed to the spindle F of a water motor which has three outwardly curved tubular arms M working between baffle plates L^. The water enters at F and leaves at I. In Fig. 4, the motor is shown with a cam Q working in the fork P at the rear end of the cutter lever 0. 1775. Wilson, R. Jan. 25. Fastening; tugs, shaft. — The fastening is for use with traces, pole chains, back- bands, &c. for rapidly releasing fallen horses &c. Fig. 13 shows the form for cart chains. A piece B attached to one part carries a lug A fitting against a bar E of the frame E^ attached to the other part, the lug being kept in engagement with the bar by an eccentric H forming one side of the frame. The eccentric is turned by a lever K which may be kept in its locked position by the elasticity of the frame or by a suitable catch. The frame E^ may form part of a buckle for uniting the shaft-tug to the back- band. 1928. Woodruff, W. T. Jan. 28. nc.i. 0>^. i '■'C.3. Fastening. — Two hooks a, a^ flattened on one side, as shown, are pivoted together at h ; one of them is provided with a fixed eye c or with a swivel eye. The device is stated to be applicable for harness. 1962. Anderson, J. W., and Howell, J. Jan. 28. FIC.I Whips combined with receptacles. The recep- tacle described in the Specification is a match box. The box. Fig. 1, is conveniently hinged, as shown at A^, to a roughened tang A^, which is driven into the stick &c. at the bottom of a recess in the same, 62 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 f into which the box fits, but the method of hinge- itg may be varied, auother form being shown in Fig. 7, in which the box is hinged to a boi-der F^ attached to the stick round the recess. The box is maintained in an open or closed position by a spring G, Fig. 7, by a stiff liinge, or by friction of the box on the sides of the recess, or, in a closed position only, by a sliding ring on the stick. A roughened surface C mnj be placed on the sides or front of the box. The front may be made to ap- parently form part of any ornamental band or cap on the stick, or may be made slightly raised on a plain portion. In Fig. 7, the border F' may have attached to it a partial or complete lining for the recess. The box may consist of a front and two wings, sufficiently large to prevent the matches falling out sideways when the box is opened. A catch or nick A'' is provided to facilitate opening the box. In sticks with straight handles, provided with a cap, the box would preferably be fitted in the latter. 2057. H.onski, S. Stirrups. — Consists of a spring metal band a bent to the shape shown, so that the ends h overlap at the part whereon the rider's foot- rests. A spring c normally keeps the stirrup closed ; but, in the event of any unusual strain, the ends b separate and the rider's foot becomes disengaged therefrom. Jan. 29. 2058. Tappenden, R. Jan. 29. Collars, 71 e c h , hames for. Part of the hame tug A is turned up to form a clip B, be- tween which and the body of the tug the trace C is secured by a bolt and nub D or their equivalent. 21C5. Fraser, H., and lUcKardy, A. Jan. 30. Stirrups. — The tread B and inner bow C are connected to the hooked ends of the outer bow A by pins &, which become dis- connected if the rider is thrown with his foot in the stirrup. 2241. Craigr, W. J. Saddles. — Relates to infl iting valves for pneumatic saddles. A tube E is screwed externally to receive a washer H for attach- ing it to the tyre or other article with which the apparatus is used, and also to re- ceive a screw cap I for regulating the pres- sure of a spring D, which presses a relief valve A on to its seat C. The spring is also adiusted by a washer K. The escaping fluid passes away through openings F, which are protected by an over- lapping portion of the cover I. The spindle B of the valve A is hollow, and is fitted with a check valve M for inflating. Feb. 1. 2413. Bird, G-. Feb. 4. Saddles, stirrup leathers for. The stirrup H is held in a position ready for the rider's foot — that is, in a posi- tion at right angles to the horse's side — by a strip of spring metal &c. G. FIC.I. 2572. G-arnier, S., and Prescott, S. Feb. 6. J. FIC.I2- Collars, neck. — Im- provements in Speci- fication No. 11,497, A.D. 1894, for pneu- matic collars. The Figure shows a cross- section through the collar body, which consists of an inner tube B of rubber &c.in one or more compart- ments, and an outer tube A of leather, rubber, &c., the longitudinal opening in which, through which the inner tube is inserted, may be closed by an outer bar D and inner bar C, drawn together by 53 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 bolts m and nuts ]) or other suitable fastenings. The bar D carries terret rings, hame tugs, and a martingale loop. In a modification, the bar D, Fig. 11, is formed with a hollow rib F forming a fore-wale, and separate hames G rest upon it in the position shown. 2725. Weston, S. S., and Wilton, K. S. Feb. 7. Stirrup straps, suspending. — Fig. 4 shows a section of the saddle-bar in the open position, and Figs. 12 and 13 show the combined loop and buckle for use therewith. The base plate w is fixed to the saddle- tree, and is formed with a broad hook h bevelled at the point. The loop o is kept in this hook by a vertically sliding locking piece d pressed down 'by a spring h. The piece d is controlled by a locking lever y pivoted to the base plate lo at z and engag- ing with the piece d by a pin /in slot e. The lever y lies beneath the saddle flap, and can turn up only when the rider has been thrown from his saddle. The turning of the loop o in the buckle/) is limited by a pin o' in the slot p^. 2802. Smith, D. Feb. 8. Collars, nech. — The forewale is protected from the wear of the reins, shafts, &c. by sheet metal pieces A riveted &c. in place. FIG. 3 2841. Woods, H. B. Feb. 8. Training horses &c. and other animals. — Elastic cords Q are attached to the legs of horses &c. and to adjustable cross bars H, J carried by shafts A, A which may be adjusted as regards length, height from the ground, and distance apart. Other elastic cords W connect the hind legs to an adjustable curved metal bar V. For human beings the apparatus is similar to that part of the above device which is used for the fore legs of the horse and projects from a wall, to which also a hand-bar may be secured. 2933. Surman, W. K., and Burman, T. Feb. 11. Horse clippers and the like. — The cutter lever d of sheep shears, hair clippers, &c. has at its centre a universal joint e forming a fulcrum, and is sup- ported at each end by rocking posts g, i which adjust the plane of the cutter. The joint e con- sists of plates d^ enclosing a ball e^ provided with pivots e^ fitting into bearings c^, a^. The rocking posts g, i have part spherical ends with a radius of half the length of the post, and these ends are re- ceived in sockets as shown. Two pins g are used, and either one or two pins i. The socket c? for the pins g slides in the screw boss c^ of the casing, and has a pin fitting into the screwed cap c^ for adjust- ing the tension. The lower socket h has trunnions h^ supported by the cutter lever d. Or two inde- pendent sockets with trunnions may be used, or the trunnion may be replaced by a part spherical bearing. In a modification, the sphere e^ is loose upon a vertical screw which takes the place of the pivots e^, and another form of rocking post is used in which one end is spherical. 2989. Walton, 3H. Feb. 11. Fastening traces. Fig. 1 shows a plan and Fig. 3 a sectional elevation of the slipping device for fastening the trace D to the bar A and for releasing it if the horse falls. Both traces are held by a bolt B which has a handle E at its centre which, when raised from the clip F, can be moved sideways to the right and left to slide the bolt and release the rings 0. The traces may be directly attached to these rings, or each ring may be fixed to a piece C 64 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 hinged at C- and provided with a hook or stud C' over which the trace is looped. 3036. Venables, J. Feb. 12. Fastening. — Relates to hooks for fastening horse and other chains. The body part a and tongue h fit together as shown at Z, ??i, and are pivoted together at J. Both parts have an eye for a link c, but the eye of the tongue is slotted at e so that on turning the link until the flat- tened part cl is opposite the slot the tongue may be freed from the link and turned on its pivot to open the hook. FIG. I \_Lalanne, £".]. Feb. 14. nc.i. 3287. Xiorrain, J. G Stirrup straps, sus- pending. — The stirrup leather is supported on the bar ??i, which is pivoted at d to the part a fixed to the saddle- tree, and is supported at its free end by the hook e pivoted at / to the fixed part of the saddle bar. A rod i, bearing against the hook e, is pivoted at h to the bar m. If the rider is thrown, the stirrup leather slides against the rod i which forces the hook e outwards, and thus allows the bar m to drop and liberate the stirrup leather. 3288. Tooley, A. W. Feb. 15. Nose-hags. — The flat bottom B, of sheet metal &c. and plain or per- forated, as shown, is fixed on the top of a wooden ring D, to which the material A of the bag is secured. A metal ring may replace the wooden ring, or the edge of the plate B may be turned down to form the flange, the object of which is to prevent the contact of the bottom of the bag with the ground. FIG. I. 3337. Nig-hting-ale, W. K., and Penn, W. J. Feb. 15. Muzzles for dogs, ferrets, &c. A split spring band A of steel &c. to pass round the nose, is adjustably fastened at its ends by a pin E taking into one of a series of holes C. Pins F on the band take behind the canine teeth or tusks of the animal. 3395. Godkin, S. Feb. 16. Saddles ; collars, neck. — The pneu- matic collar (as shown in section in the Figure) and saddle are lined with canvas &c. a, which is preferably joined to the outer leather at intervals h, h, so as to form compartments. Openings may be made in the parti- tions, so that the compartments communicate. Yalves at d, d con- trol the inflation. 3676. Cooper, S. A., and Nicholls, J. O. Feb. 20. Slirrvp straps, suspending .—T^he stirrup strap/ is supported by a bar d fitting at one end in a hook a^ on the foundation plate a, and linked at its other end to the quadrant arm c pivoted at a* to the foundation plate. Knobs h, attached to sprmgs ¥ and projecting through holes in the plate a, pre- vent the bar and arm from shifting too easily ; if, however, the rider is thrown the knobs yield and 55 1895] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HAENESS &c. [1895 free the arm and bar, and thus also the stirrup leather. 3839. Aitchison, J. T., Hampson, W., and Scott, J. Feb. 22. Bridles ; fastening. — The nosebmd D is se- cured to the cheek strap by a double metal loop A, B on a base plate C. The loop A and base plate are secured be- tween the layers of the nose-band, and the loop B projects through the outer layer. In use the cheek strap passes through the loop A through the bit ring and back through the loop B. FIC.I. 1^' 1 ___;_ '"f^^' ____ C FIC.2. ? w r 3833. Arriaran, P. Feb. 22. S topping runaway horses. — A noose round the hind legs of the horse or horses is sup- ported by elastic bands from the traces. The free end of the noose is fastened to a drum on the axle of one of the wheels. When the drum is rotated the cord is wound up, the elastic bands break, and the noose is drawn tightly round the horse's legs. The Figure shows a section of the drum B &c. The drum is rotated by pins H fitting into sockets G in a ring A fixed to the wheel hub. The pins are normally held out of engagement with the sockets by a catch D', pivoted to a sleeve C fixed to the axle E. When this catch is released from the annular groove R by pulling a cord attached to the lever D, the spring M forces the drum B to the left and the pins engage with the rotating ring A. 3838. Newton, Cr. F. B. Feb. 23. Singeing apparatus. — The apparatus com- prises a specially formed spirit lamp with a comb attached. The comb e is fixed to one side of a per- forated tube a pro- vided with a stopper c, and connected by a tube h to the hollow handle g terminating in the reservoir h. Cotton wicks &c. are placed in the tubes a, &, / so as to com- municate with the reservoir containing benzoline &c. When in use* jets of flame issue from the holes d. i 4136. Brendon, CS-. Feb. 26. Whips.— T\iQ lash F of driving whips and the like is attached to the stock A by two or more telescoping ferrules B, C of aluminium &c. The end of the lash, ^ strengthened by a wire binding D, is inserted into a quill E. The ferrules ^ B, C are secured to the stock and qiiill respec- C- tively by screw rings 5, a or the like. The Pro- vision al Specification states that the quill may be replaced by a wire binding or a rubber ferrule, and that the lash within the metal ferrules may be secured to the stock by an eye and staple. 4517. Petitfils, J. F. V., and Sandron, A. J. March 2. Saddles; materials. — Saddle-trees are cast or stamped in aluminium or aluminium alloy, strengthened by embedded steel bands, wires &c., or by an embedded steel framework, or by suitably bending or corrugating the aluminium itself. Figs. 3 and 11 show an embedded steel band i, and Fig. 14 shows a strengthening corrugation n. The width of the gullet is varied by side plates g, Fig. 3, or a cental plate i, Fig. 11, adjusted by screws h^ k. 56 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 r. W., and White, J. nc 4846. Wall, March 7. Saddles, pads for ; ventilation. — Riding and harness saddles are pro- vided with two in- flated pads B, B, one on each side of the central line. They are composed o f rubber - lined canvas, enclosing a rubber bag and may b e inflated simultaneously by a tube D. Holes E are formed through the pads for ventilation. 4864. Booth, J. March 7. Singeing apjjaratuii. — The apparatus consists of a lamp fZ, a reservoir a for spirit &c., and a flexible tube c connecting them. The reservoir has a stopper a^, perforated at a' to enable air to enter the reservoir when the stopper is loosened, and is hung up by hooks o*. The lamp is provided with a comb (not shown) and a wick e, and is mounted on a handle &, with a cock d^ to regulate the flow of the spirit. 5172. Duly, W. ». March 12. Tugs, haine ; Jasteniug traces. The trace is secured between the strips S, S of steel &c. by rivets F and the metal strips are detachably con- nected to the loop A which passes through the eye of fcho hame. The fastening consists of a gib D and a cottar C which is locked by drawing it side- ways by the loop A until a notch N in the cottar fits over a projection at the end of its slot H. The loop A is then secured by screws E, E. 5173. Duly, W. H. March 12. FIC.2 f 10^,3, Collars, neck. — Relates to a wedge-shaped pad inserted between the hame draft and the body of the collar. The pad consists of a block B of rubber, wood, &c. enclosed in a metal plate C, Figs. 2 and 3, of V form. The pad is kept in place by a metal plate D, Figs. 1 and 3, the part E of which fits over the hame draft while the arms F engage with the raised edges G, Fig. 2, and take beneath the hames themselves. The edges of the arms F are turned under to form a groove into which the edges G engage. ric.2. 5330. Simpson, A. H. March 13. Training and hreahing in horses d~c. — The horse is exercised on a magnetized track or the track is of iron and the shoes are magnetized. Permanent or electromagnets may be used. Fig. 2 shows a section of a track with bars C magnetized by the oppositely wourd electro- magnets D. Fig. 4 shows a horse - shoe with an ele ctromagnet M with terminals P for the wires. 57 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 5349. Wilhelmy, W. March IB. Saddles. — Improvements on the invention de- scribed in Specification No. 2621, A.D. 1887, and relating to the pivoting of the forks g, g^ of the saddle tree to the steel strengthening plates c, e of the thick leather side plates a and to the con- nection of the plates c, e with the central steel plate d. The central plate d carries at its ends pins /, /' -which pass through eyes 1, 2, 3 and 5, 6 in the plates c, e respectively, and also through eyes 4, 7 on the ends of the front fork g and rear fork g'^ respectively as shown. 5945. Philpott, T. S., March 21. and Barber, S. The front a of the collar is made of sheet metal the edges of which are curved inwards, Fig. 3, to hold an inflated pad or outwards, Fig. 4, to hold the ordinary stuffing. In both cases the leather covering I is sewn to the edges of the metal. No hames are used, the rein rings and tugs being fixed directly to the metal. FIG. I. 6014. Gruber, C. March 22. Bits; stirrups. — Power hammers or apparatus for forg- ing small articles as snaffles, bits, or stir- rups are constructed with any desired number of drop hammers or guide rods d which are raised and let fall in- dependently of one another by means of separate belts h pass- ing over a constantly- rotating drum i. Each belt is attached to a vertical rod o connected by levers ^?, 2 to a treadle r by which it can be tightened on the drum i. The treadle and rod o are re- turned by a spring s. A hammer t lifted by a tappet a; on a shaft v acting on the roller y and forced down quickly by a spring s may be mounted in a frame u at one end of the machine. The hammer t can be held in its raised position by a bolt K passing through a slot in the hammer into a recess in the frame n. 6247. Price, B. C. H. March 26. Whips. — The flaps a of flap riding whips, used for flipping the flies off horses, are strengthened by a core h of steel &c. 6314. Hobday, F. T. G. March 27. Animals, stocks and like appliances for hold- ing . — The animal is attached to a table &c. by adjustable cords d fastened to the table by clamps e and con- nected by hooks b to straps a passing round the legs. The Pro- visional Specification states that an extra pair of cords d may be attached to a sur- cingle. 58 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 D., IWeston, P. B.^. March 29. I he. I. 6524. Weston, Collars, nech. — Collars, or collars and hames combined, are made from two strips of wood H, HI, Fig. 5, twisted and bent as shown. Straight pieces of wood are soaked in water or steamed, and then pressed between dies to give the required shape; they are after- wards held in the bent form by screw clamps, Fig. 5, and allowed to dry. Fig. 1 shows a vertical section of the screw press for bending. The wood is placed between the lower die B, B^ and upper die E, E', both of which are in adjust- able halves. The upper die is carried by a plate F, which is moved vertically by screws G connected by gearing as shown. The wood is prevented from springing out of the lower die before clamped, as shown in Fig. 5, by means of pins 0, 0. 6563. leckie, W. &. March 30. Stirrup straps, susp)encling. — The stirrup leather is attached to the ordinary saddle-bar A by the intermediate parts D, B. The part D, shown in section in Fig. 9, has an eye for passing over tho bar A, and a horizontal bar H terminating in a spring catch E. The part B consists of a loop, with a hook F for engaging with the part D. The loop may be replaced by a buckle. If the rider is thrown backwards, forwards, or upwards, the catch K, or the catch E, or the hook F liberate the stirrup strap respectively. 6813. Thompson, J. April 3. Training and taming horses and other animals. — The apparatus is for making horses, dogs, &c. run round in a circle. The animals are attached by straps &c. ^ to a number of bars/" which radiate from and rotate round a fixed post o, and are kept at equal intervals by ropes, rods, &c. The bars/ are supported by a ring d suspended from a second ring c, to which ropes g'^ pass to the outer ends of the bars. In the case of long bars, they may be additionally supported by wheels running on a circular ropes h. track. The post a is supported by radial 7083. Fiemming-j R. April 6. Saddles.— ll\iQ gullet plates of saddle-trees are flanged at the centre in various ways to strengthen them. Figs. 4 and 7 show sections of two forms, with flanges at Ai. FIG. 4 7172. Ca-ibMng-s, A., and Peard, J. H. K. April 8. .-^ ^^H^ nc.3. Hobblec.—Fig. 1 shows the form of hobble 59 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 attached to one leg oE the animal, and Fig. 3, the form attached to the other legs. A chain 16 secures all the hobbles together, its ends being attached to the hobble, Fig. 1, by a screw 13, and a spring pawl 10 attached to the tubular piece 9. The hobbles are fastened to the legs by buckled straps 14 riveted to a curved metal piece 5, 8 formed with an eye in Fig. 3, and with the tubular piece 9 in Fig. 1. FIG.I. 7443. Park 63 &. G-nosill, (Ziimited), and Farkes, J. April 11. Fastening. — Re- .-■•■-v lates to a combined draught or collar plate and spring hook for connect- ing traces to hames. In Fig. 1, the shank a is surrounded by a spring h bearing on a washer c, which rests against two ribs / one on the plate B, and the other on the attached box cover C. Preferably this is of angular shape to allow adjustment in direction of pull. The shank a carries a hook A or a ring &c. The point of the hook may lie in the opening be- tween the ribs/ to prevent detachment, and the side of the box is , then notched at g. The washer c and ribs/ may be undercut to hold the plate and cover together. The plate B is connected to the hame by the eye h. In other forms, the box C is pivoted at n centrally or at its forward end on the plate B, as in Figs. 6 and 9 respectively, or a tension spring ¥ may be used, as in Fig. 12. Coiled springs as shown, or other springs may be used. 7484. Iiorrain, J. G-., [Lalanne, E.]. April 11, Stirrup straps, sus- pending.— The stirrup leather is supported by the bar B hinged at E to the part A, and supported by the hook C hinged at F. The part A may be hinged at I, I. A rod p, hinged at G, works in the forked end of the bar B. If the rider is thrown with his foot in the stirrup the stirrup leather pushes against the rod D, which acts on the hook C, and liberates the bar B. 7702. Brookes, A. April 17. Bridles, reins f o r. Riding or driving reins a are forked at h, d, and the shorter arm b has a spring c or extensible part. On pulling the reins a firmly the part d comes into action, and has a powerful effect due to the lever- age of the bit. G-., [HocJdng, E. C]. 7759. Wolseley Sheep Shearing* Ida- chine Co. and ikustin, K. April 18. Horse clippers and the like. — The wear on the FIC.2. comb plates of sheep shearing machines and on the top and bottom cutters of horse-clippers &c. is equalized by forming a groove a be- tween the cutting edges of the teeth. 7967. Altoery, W. April 22. Tugs, shaft, Fig. 6, are formed in two parts h, h^ hinged at i, and provided with a hook catch k, I, the parts of which separate when pulled outwards. 7989. Coy, H. W. C, and Sowmar, &. April 22. Horse clippers and the like. — Fig. 1 shows a sec- tional elevation of the clipper for sheep, horses, &c. The clipper is driven by an electro-motor A, the spindle of which forms the spindle E of the clipper or is geared to it. The spindle E has an eccentric F rotating between rollers on the arms G of a fork H pivoted to the casing at T and connected to the cutter a by pins Y as usual. A set-screw L acting on the spring K forces the cutter a against the comb a^. In a modification, the pressure is effected by a set-screw passing through the casing and bearing against a block between which and another block on the fork H antifriction balls are arranged. Hair, dust, &c. is prevented from entering the casing through the slot for the lever H by a plate 0 carried by the lever. The case B is made in parts to facilitate cleaning &c. 60 i 1895] ABRIDGMENT GLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 FIG. 2. 8266. l»Iatthew, W. April 26. Fastening. — 'Re- lates to a hooki for back - band chains &c. The barrel of the shackle in which the hook C swivels is formed with two collars A, A enclosing a loose ring B. The collars and ring are grooved at one point, and the link L can only be re- moved from the hook by turning the tongue 0 and collar B until the tongue is opposite all the grooves, as shown in the Figure. 8618. Allison, J. F. May 1. Straps and hands, protectors for. Harness straps are protected from the Avear of the buckle by a metal slide S. FIG. 3 9246. Clark, Horse clippers and the like. — Fig. 1 shows an elevation of the com- plete driving apparatus. The main shaft D, supported by a suitable standard B, communi- cates motion by spur and bevel gearing to a shaft Q, Fig. 5, in the tube R. The shaft Q carries a bevel wheel Z, gearing with the wheel a on the shaft X, about which the part W of the box W, W2 can turn. The part W^ is fixed to a sleeve S which may be adjusted round the tube R by a thumb - screw. The part W^ carries the tube h containing the shaft c connected by bevel gearing to the shaft X. The part Wi also carries two springs li for counterbalancing W. May 9. the tube h &c. The upper end of the shaft c is connected by bevel gears ending. — The stirrup strap a of a lady's saddle passes beneath the seat, encircles the body of the horse, and is attached to the saddle at o' either directly or by an intermediate strap. 12. .-^.. 13,840. Bellocq, C, and G-ummerdbach, K. July 19. . Stirrups. — The stirrup leather is attached to the eye D on the bar C, and the eye of the stirrup A is held against the bar (J by a bar H hooked at 0, provided with a spring at J and hinged at F to the bar C. An arm R projects from the hook O. If the rider falls with his foot in the stirrup, his toe engages with the arm R, and thus frees the eye of the stirrup from the hook O. .^A 14,006. Ritchie, C. B. July 23. Nosebags and the like. — The bag for horses and cattle is made of canvas, leather, rubber, &c. and is waterproof, so that it may be used for water. The bag is made with iron hoops or a helical spring, and is arranged to shut up like a concertina. It is suspended by adjustable straps B and cords E, which pass from the bottom of the bag through eyes F and eyes or pulleys G to a strap attached to the bearing rein hook H, The bottom of the bag is of wood or hardware and is protected by an iron hoop or ring M of rope. A diaphragm with a 66 1895] ABEIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 large central hole is fixed near the mouth of the bag to prevent the food being wasted. The holes L ensure ventilation. 14,036. Anderson, A. July 23 Spur-carriers. — The spur-rest at the back of the boot is made of metal and is secured by a bolt and nut, as shown. It is made hollow to enclose the nut and has a hinged or sliding cover/, and pins g, g are provided at the back, which are forced into the boot and prevent the rest getting out of place. 14,157. Walsh, J. S. July 25. Muzzles for animals. — The dog &c. muzzle, pre- ferably of tinned steel wire or narrow band, is made deep enough to enable the animal to open its mouth, and is preferably of oval section. The joint at C is prevented from chafing the animal by covering it with rubber. 14,384. Corp, J. July 29. Fastening. — Relates to a slip hook for fastening traces &c. and for coupling railway vehicles. The Figure shows the form for traces. The hook D, pivoted at P, is held in position until released by P ilies raising the lever E pivoted at R, and bearing agamst the end of the hook at F. and Brodle, J. 14,665. Duncan, Cr. G-.. Aug. 2. ' Fastening / tugs, shaft; straps and bands. — Relates to a fastening for back and belly bands, shaft tugs, breeching, traces, &c., to a shackle for traces and to pro- t e c t i n g straps. The fastening may be combined with the shaft tug, Fig. 2, where the metal tug a is formed with a trough-shaped piece d carrying a bolt e operated by a spring handle A, and held in the closed position by a spring pin i, Fig. 3, engaging with the recessed part h. The bolt is freed from the pin i by turning it by the handle /(. The shaft tug also carries a pin i, which like the b^lte passes through the back-band c. Fig. 6 shows a shackle for traces, the pin m of which is held in its closed position by the engagement of the sliding ring n with the projection o. To protect straps from wear, they may have wires in their edges ; the holes may be protected by metal plates with flanges. 14,843. Abell, «. ». Aug. 9. 67 Fastening clothing for animals. A fastener con- sists of a body A having two bent shanks E, L, adapted to enclose part of a horse blanket and be secured thereto. The body has a radial notch G and an opening, in front of which a clipping spring J is riveted. The string to be secured is passed round the shanks E, L behind the body, making one turn, and tie free end is brought forward through the notch G, and placed between the spring and body. The body may be of other 5- « 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 forms than round, and the spring and shanks may be stamped on it. A fastener, made of wire, is illustrated in Fig. 9. 15,138. Cooper, J. O. Aug. 12. S. A., and NlchoUs, Saddles ; terrets, and like guide rings. — Bearing rein hooks, terreb rings, and the like are fixed to the saddle by a boit passing upwards into the screwed stein of the huok &c. The rein hook a. Fig. 1, has a square internally sciewed shank a^, which passes t'lirough the tree c, and is secured by a screw b. The terret ring/, Fig. 1, has a screwed stem f^ for the bolt g formed with a flat head riveted to a plate e' beneath the tree. The reia hook a. Fig. 1 2, for a cart saddle is fixed by a bolt g riveted to a broad thick head as shown. The object is to do away with projecting nuts beneath the tree for fixing these parts. 15,208. Thierry, A. de. Aug. 13. Saddles; niate- rials. — Saddle- FIG. 3 trees for riding or harness &c. saddles '^ are made of a flexible ma teri al composed of vul- canized rubber or the like combined with woven or textile fabric. The whole may be coated with vulcanite. Fig 1 shows a riding saddle-tree, and Fig. 3 a section of It on 3-3. The cantle C is less flexible than the other parts, and is preferably separable. It may be secured by cement. 15,361. Redfern, G. F., \_Bvtler Hard Rubber Co.}. Aug. 15. Bridles, blinkers for. Blinkers are made from a dished and perforatfd sheet of metal F covered with hard rubber vulcanized. The edge C is per- forated, so that it may be stitched to the bridle. 15,690. Garnier, E., and Prescott, S. J. Aug. 20. Drawings to Specification. Traces. — Canvas or like woven fabric is coated with rubber solution or other elastic waterproof cement and rolled under pressure, heating if neces- sary, to form a solid cylindrical trace. It may be covered with a layer of rubber, rubber composi- tion, or other material, and may then be vulca- nized. It may be secured on eyes or in sockets by stitching or riveting through it. 15,766. I^eyer, Collars, nech. — Each side A of the ^ollar contains a rubber &c. bag B, which may be in- flated simultane- ously through a tube b with branches a. A suitable valve is placed at e. J. Aug. 21. FIC.I 15,999. Smith, S. Aug. 26, Fastening. ~lLr^ce% &c. are provided with a detachable connection. The connections be- tween the shackle C and trace end B', and between the shackle H and swivel D, Fig. 1, or between the shackle C and swivel D, Fig. 2, are made detachable. In the form shown, screws or bolts E, G are used, but other forms may be employed. In the form Fig. 2, the shackle C and swivel D are connected by a fastening resembling breach screw mechanism, the slotted screw bsing guided and locked by a pin D* and spring catch J respectively. 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. 16,335. Sommer, Auor. 31. XI., and Polzln, E. Bits. — The bit, for preventing horses from running away, has the usual mouth bar c and a iecond mouth bar a attached to it by parallel rods, as shown. The ends of the mouth bar a can move in slots b in the cheeks g. If the horse takes the mouth bar c between its teeth, the cheeks g can be pulled into an inclined position so as to press the mouth bar a against the lower jaw or the roof of the mouth. [189S Sept. 3. FICS.*?- 16,460. Royston, E. R., [Spear. E., and MiUleton, F. i.]. Fastening, loops for straps for. Relates to a method of forming seamless pockets and loops in leather by slitting, stitching being dispensed with. The invention has many applications, the following being described and illustrated :— The brow-bands, blinkers, nose-bands, and cheek straps of a bridle, collar and saddle pads, shaft tugs, hame tugs, trace carriers or back bands, buckle straps, the spaces of reins &c., cartridge belts, shawl stmps, pocket cases, spectacle cases, and sheaths for knives, &c. Fig. 2" shows a cartridge belt with the loops o in a piece with the straps h. Fig. 2,o. shows a shawl strap with seamless loops h and a handle formed by inserting a leather core in the seamless hollow handle / Fig. 7« shows a buckle strap with seamless loops t and the parts r-, r\ « in one piece. Fig. 12 shows a seamless sheath for a knife &c. 16,649. Judge, T. A., and Kill, J. A. Sept. 4. Horse clippers and the like. — The comb plate 21 has holes for pins 23 on the T-shaped piece 22, the partially threaded stem 25 of which engages with threads on the stem 19 of a spade shaped piece which is pivoted to the casing at 20 and supports the comb 21 at 18. The cutter 28 is moved by the lever 9 screwed to the piece 12. The lever has a cup and ball pivot at 10, bears against the casing by a ball bearing 14, and is moved by the crank pin roller 7 fitting in the vertical groove 8. The crank is formed on the shaft 6, deriving motion from a flexible shaft by bevel gears a, b kept in gtar by a hinged casing. The bevels may be readily dis^engaged by movmg aside hinged spring hooks engaging with the loose pins 3. The flexible sbaft, Fig. 13, is made from a bar bevelled internally so as to form screw thieads. Should the shaft break, it may be readily repaired by a screw stud. The flexible shaft is driven by bevel wheels 35, 36, Fig. 10. The wheel 36 is carried by a spring arm 37 pivoted at 41, and may be readily disengaged by moving the pivoted arm 38, carrying rollers 39 which wedge between inclines on the fixed ;arm 50 and the arm 37. The bevel 36 is lubricated from the cup through the channel 51 and side channels. 69 isds] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HAlElNESS &c. tl89S 16^830. Kobson, m. M. Sepf. 9. 17,401. Sept. 18. Bridles, reins for. The middle of a curb bit B, or the snaffle bit when two are used, is attached to the curb rein R by a spring S, which prevents the lower part of the rein from coming into action until the spring is sufficiently stretched. The advantages of a mild and a severe bit are thus obtained with a single pair of reins. 16,852. Bromwich, W. A., and Floyd, C. A. Sept. 9. Runaway horses, releasing ; fastening back bands and traces. The shaft, of which the front end A is indicated in the side view, Fig. 2, is shorter than the ordinary shaft, so that the attachment B fixed thereto comes opposite the side panel of the back pad. The back band C is attached by passing the end through the loop of the attachment B, lapping it round the upper member thereof and buckling it or connecting it by other means. The trace D is short, and its end is connected to the vertical cross-stay h of the attachment B. 16,855. I.ip. sky, A. Sept. 9. Rein holders. — The reins are gripped between the fixed jaw a and the rectangular jaw c eccentrically pivoted on the pin b fixed to the base- plate a'. By turn- ing the jaw c through 180°, thin- ner reins may be gripped. FIG. I nicKenny, J, 5i, A^, shaped like the figure 3 and pivoted together at the centre a^. The parts are flattened and shouldered to fit to- gether, as shown. After a chain has been attached to the upper hooks a*, a^, the points are hammered down so as to nearly or completely close the gaps and form eyes. The main hook can be opened by separating the parts A\ A^ after the link of the chain attached to the hooks or eyes a^, a^ has been placed near the pivot a'. 18,110. Peasgrood, J. F. Sept. 27. Druimngs to Specification. Saddles. — Relates to saddles and saddle numnahs. These are provided with a layer of asbestos cloth or millboard, forming an extra lining or padding, to prevent heat from passing from the horse's body to that of the rider. 18,316. Jackson, K. H. Oct. 1. Saddles. — Saddles for draft animals are made with a metallic frame A carrying self-adjusting pads D hinged as shown. There may be an eye C for the crupper strap, and there are twisted hooks B or terret rings for the rein^. The hooks or rings may be integral with the frame or attached thereto. The integral or attached loop H carries the shaft strap J and other straps K, or the shaft strip may be attached to the bracket E, pad D, or girth I, which is fixed to the bracket E adjustable by means of holes G-. 18,469. Williams, C S., aud Rose, C. E. Oct. 3. Saddles ; s t i r r u p s t r ap s, suspending. — The object is to pre- vent the habit of a lady rider from hang- ing upon the upper pommel, and to pre- vent her from being dragged by the stirrup. The upper part of the pommel is hinged at C and prolonged to form a plate B held down by the rider when seated. The stirrup is attached to a piece F with a T- head fitting between the plate G aud hinged arms D beneath the flap. The arms can open out only when the normal pressure o£ the rider on the flap is removed. FIG. 3. SHEET.2. 18,754. Kennig-, »I. C. Oct. 7 Bridles.— B r i d 1 e s for riding or driving or for taming animals. The nose-band /^ is provided with nostril closing apparatus actu- ated by reins /. The apparatus consists of a spring button d en- gaging with levers h pivoted at h and pro- vided with knobs c. The nose-band i s pulled by the reins so that the button d presses against the animal's nose and brings the knobs c against the nostrils. 71 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLA^S HARNI^SS &c. [1896 Cattle raay be led to the slaughter-house and draft cattle may be tamed by this apparatus. 18,895. FltzRoy, E. Bl. Saddles / mat e- rials. — The cantle or back part of the seat of a riding saddle is connected to or near to the points of the tree by a stay c partly or entirely of wood, metal, leather, rubber, &c. A better fit and bear- ing on the animal's back is thus en- sured. Oct. 9. 19,013. Paley, G-., and Sutcliffe, J. A. Oct. 10. Drawings to Specification. Collars, neck ; saddles ; materials. — Small rubber balls inflated with air are used for padding collars and saddles. 19,134. Zerjal, A. Oct. 11 Clothing for animals. — The surcingle consists of two straps, a strap a padded beneath and carrying metal fittings h, d and an adjustable strap c fastened at one end to the fitting g passing through the fittings b and g and carrying at its free end one or more buckles li. The fitting d has one or more slots d^ for straps e for the buckles h. The fittings &, d miy have eyes 6^, d^ for straps passing round the breast of the horse to prevent the surcingle from shifting. 19,194. Butler, J. E., Rathbone, T., and Miner, W. Oct. 12. Fastening straps. The fastening consists of a rlG.7. frame c through which a screw e passes. Fig. 7 shows a section of the fastening for securing two lengths of strap together. Modifications are described in which two screws are used for the ends of two straps, or a pin and cover plate may be used. 19,563. Spence, R. J. P., and Storrar, R. Oct. 18. Drawings to Specification. Straps are formed of india-rubber or of web or rope treated or coated with india-rubber. 19,788. Sinton, W. T. Oct. 22. Bridles; straps and hands; materials. — Reins, bridles, &c. are made from strips of unbleached linen, cambric, cotton or heoap fabiic folded and stitched together and treated with a compound to preserve them and keep them soft and pliable. When quite dry the strap is rolled and varnished and afterwards dyed as desired. The compound which is to saturate, coat, or paint the linen &c. is a compound of linseed oil, containing 2 per cent, sugar of lead, with gas-coal tar, andj gutta-percha dissolved in carbon bisulphide &c. 20,317. Oct. 28. Wulff, B., and Vdsdrhelye, A. 1 Fastening traces and pole chains. The rapid harnessing and releasing attachments are more especially for four-in-hand harness. The collar chains of the wheelers are attached to the pole head, Fig. 15, by spring bolts m bridging over gaps h for the end links of the chains. A prolongation of the bolt projects at r to facilitate attachment. The pole head for four-in-hands has also other means for attaching collar chains consisting of a hook pointing forwards and closed by a spring tongue. A cord q} running through eyes j'^ actuates the draw bolts m. The traces are attached to the whipple-trees m the same way, and the cords are joined to the cord q^. The fore whipple-trees are attached to the pole head by a horizontal bar in such a way that they may be allowed to fall down- wards to give the wheelers when liberated a free course. The bar consists of two parts rf^, e^. Figs. 11 and 14, hinged at/^ and overlapping. A loop g^ on the part d^ passes through a slot in the part e^, and is engaged by a lever J^* heldiin lits engaged position by a spring bolt beneath the pole. A 72 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &o. [1895 cord from this bolt joins the other cords above mentioned. When pulled the two parts d^, (?, with their attached whipple-trees, fall down as before mentioned. The slipping devices may be used for pair-horse harness by removing the bars d}, e", the fore whipple-trees, and the cords attached to these parts. 20,390. Breul, R. A. Oct. 29. Fastening. — Snap hooks for halter chains &c. The hook is made from a single length of wire flattened by cold swaging at one end to form the loop B and spring C, and at the other end 1) pieces are cut out to form a hook Z)^ engaging with an eye c. The spring c may have a X-head E, Fig. 6, engaging with the hooked and forked end of the part D. FIC4 FIG 6. 20,463. Nicklin, W. Saddles. — Harness saddles are strength- ened by a plate A of metal or alloy fixed to the tree by the terrets D', D^ and the pedes- tal, the shank of which passes through the hole g. The plate A rivets &c. Oct. 30. FIC.I may be further secured by 20,597. Burke, W. J. Oct. 31. F. H., and Overend, Curryconths. — Thd currycomb, Fig. 1, consists o'l annular toothed and corrugated strips on a suitable backing with a han lie. In corrugating the toothed strip, Fig. 3, the cogs of the rolls arrive at the points a, b, c, &c., so that the teeth point in different directions. 20.601. Garnier, E. Oct. 31. and Prescott, S. J. Collars, neck. — The construction of the collar is identical with that described in Specification No. 2572, A.D. 1895, except that in place of the inner inflated bag, a stuflSng or filling of straw &c. is used, or a canvas «S;c. bag stuffed with cork, flocks, &c. 20,934. Burg-e, 3MC. Ii. Nov. 5. Nose-bags. — A v e n t i - lator for horses' nose-bags, mail bags, and for all kinds of bags, boxes, and receptacles consists of a perforated or reticulated box A fixed inside the bag B by a screwed flange 12 engaging with a flanged screwed collar 15 on the outside of the bag. The ventilator may be fixed b y riveting over the flange 12, or by other means. 21,218. nzullen, J. A. Nov. 8. FIC.I. /=: Stopping runavxiy horses, means for. — Consists of a device whereby the revolution of the wheels caused by th3 starting of the horse tightens the reins. Be- hmd the axle A' (see next page) is mounted a shaft B upon which are loosely mounted sliding concave spools C which can be caused to engage with teeth e on the shoulder d of the shaft B. These spools C are connected to rods j operated by eccentrics i mounted on a verticil spindle h. This spindle has a high-pitched screw on its surface working in a sleeve m which can be depressed by the lever D pivoted at one end to the vehicle A, and con- nected at the other end by the rod E to the spring- held seat F. When the horse and vehicle are unattended, the device has the position shown in the Figures, so that if the horse starts, the vehicle wheels A^ rotate the geared wheels c, b, and so the shaft B, whereby the spools C are caused to wind on the reins I and so hold in the horse. By depressing the seat F, the sleeve m is forced down, thus rotating the spindle h, eccentrics i, and by means of the rods ./ throwing the spools C out of 73 1896] ABEIDGMEN'T CLASS HARNESS &c. [1895 connection with the teeth e. A supplementary rein J, J^ passing up through the spindle h to the foot-board A^ may be employed. In a modified form, the supplementary shaft B may be dis- pensed with, the various corresponding details being mounted on the vehicle axle, the details being slightly modified, if desired. 21,806. Richardson, W., and Richard- son, J. Nov. 16. Dratvings to Specification. Saddles, girths for. Elastic girths are woven with extra warp threads at the edges, and without the use of wires, so that they will lie equally flat in all conditions. 21,840. Clark, V7. Nov. 16. FIG. 3, FIG. 5. FIG.I. /fPWf w\ ^ C V J liif A MM\\W\ Horse clippers and the like. — Re- lates to the form of cutting teeth, the method o f arranging the spring separating the handles, and the means for pressing the cutter and comb plate together. The cutting teeth of the upper plate C may have the form shown at E, Fig. 1. The lever handles may be spread apart by a spiral spring R, Fig, 3, fixed at one end to a bolt and nut T, T', and at the other end to a stud S on the arm V of the handle M pivoted at N. Or the spring may be arranged as shown at R', Fig. 5. Instead of, or in combination with, the spring R or R^, a plate spring Y, Z, Z', Fig. 7, may be employed connecting the ends of the handles. The cutter and comb plates may be pressed together by a nut on the pivot N bearing on a cover plate, or by nuts N, Fig. 8, bearing on springs e with broad ends /. 22,108. Kempster, T. Nov. 20 Nosebags ; v en- tilation. — The nose- bag is ventilated on each side by strips of perforated zinc A attached to each side of a wooden frame B secured to the bag by a strip of binding material C. 22,269. Clarke, ». Nov, 21. Collars, nech ; mate- rials.— The body A of the collar is stuffed with asbestos enclosed in a rubber bag B, which may be inflated with air. The bag B is covered with canvas C, protected on the outside partly by a wire netting D and partly by a metal plate F, Outside the netting is a layer of thin leather d, and outside the metal plate is a layer of thick leather G, continued to form the forewale, which is strengthened by a metal tube K. 22,453. Bean, C. B. Nov. 25. Measuring horses for collars, A graduated rod A is hinged at B to an angle piece 0 carrying a curved arm D. On the rod A slides a bracket H, upon which can be fixed, as required, a sliding graduated rod J with pivoted curved arm L, The apparatus is fitted round the horse's head and the requisite measures read off from the scales shown, {For Dravnng set, next page.) 74 1895] ABRIDGEMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 22,453. 22,703. Storer, W. J. Nov. 27 Rein holders. — The device is for use with draught animals while left unattended, A noose A is passed round the rim of the wheel, and the reins are passed through the ring B' and hooked to the vehicle. C.2. * 22,844. Stanley, K. A. Nov. 29. Saddle, gig, cab, and like, fittings for. The bearing-rein hook B", the back-band guide S, and the crupper loop D", are all connected together, and are connected to the tree by a hook B^ or screw, rivet, &c., in front and a stem C'^ which passes through the can tie. The stem C and loop D-' may be in one piece D'", connected to the part S at E, or separately connected to the crupper by a nut N. The hook B" may be replaced by a pedestal or other ornament, and the loop D" by a button or the like, or the hook or loop may bo dispensed with. The loop and stem D'", or the loop with a bolt forming the stem, may be used independently o£ the other fittings. The part S may be opened out and provided with antifriction rollers, as shown, or it may be solid and rounded. 24,290. Cave, K. Dec. 18. Breeching; fasten- ing ; horse - breaking and training harness.—' Relates to crupperg for preventing kicking or bucking during breaking-in, &c. The crupper A has a part B for holding up the tail. The parts A, B may be inflated with air or filled with water, and antifriction balls may be threaded on these parts. A rein C may be fastened to the part B, as shown. 24,327. Warner, P. Dec. 19, FIG. I Collars, neck. — A forged > welded, or drawn plain or galvanized tube B is inserted in the fore-wale of a horse collar instead of the ordinary straw stuffing, thus preserving the collar and enabling hames to be dispensed with. The draft hooks K are attached to eyebolts h^ fixed in the tube, the ends of the tube being flattened and secured with a rivet P. The tube may be covered with leather or coated with brass. 75 1895] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [i89d 24,458. Varg-yas, E. de. Dec. 20. made elastic by in-^erting one or more springs E of rubber, elastic web, flat coiled wire, &c. between the attaching buckles G and the end or an inter- mediate part of the plain web body of the girth &c. In the Figure, representing a girth, the nc.2 ^ c A Muzzles for animals. — The dog-muzzle is made of wire, with leather &c. bands d, g, and has the form shown. The band g and wires / pass round the neck to keep the muzzle on. ^^Si^=:^ 24,802. Dec. 27. Pottle, A., and McCreery, J. Clothmg for animals ; saddles, girths tor. Saddle girths, body rollers, and bandages for animals are springs E are attached to loops C, C, those at one end being connected to the leather &c. straps B sewn to the web A, and those at the other end to the strap D carryiag the buckles G. The webbed part A is looped, as shown, so as to tighten only when the springs are under considerable tension. A strap F keeps the springs in position. A.D. 1896. 120. Tooley, A. W. Jan. 2. Nose-hags, suspend- ing. The animal is en- abled to reach his food more readily by the cord &c. E fixed to the bag at F, F and con- nected to the bearing rein hook G or other like part of the harness. The cord E runs through loops or pulleys H on the ordi- nary strap B, or the nose - band C, or part of the bridle. The nose-band C may be replaced by the hooks on the strap B engaging with the bridle. 437. Crawford, W. Jan. 7. Stopping runaway horses, means fo r ; bridles. — The nostrils are closed up by pads F on straps D sup- ported by the strap A attached to the crown strap B. The straps D are buckled to straps H which pass through a loop in the strap M hooked to the bit and are continued to form either a single rein J' or a pair of reins. 76 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 587. Meyers, J. G. Nose - bags. — The concave or other shaped bottom / of enamelled or perfo- rated metal, or wicker &c. is fitted between two wooden hoops d, e to which the canvas &c. a of the bag is fixed by nails or rivets h passing through a band g of leather, zinc, &c. Eye- lets are arranged at c for ventilation, and at b for the suspending rope &c. Jan. 9. Ct FJC.I. 689. Kidman, J. Jan. 10. Saddles for ladies. The tree has reversible fit- tings to enable ladies to ride on either side. It is cut back, as shown in Fig. 1, and provided with screw sockets A, B and C, D for the movable near head, Fig. 2, and leaping-head respectively. The tree is suitably padded and covered, and is provided on each side with flaps like the ordinary off-side flap. A separate leather safe. Fig. 3, is attached to the side of the saddle on which it is required by the screws of the near and leaping heads ; these screws pass through the holes E, F. 956. Elliott, F. Jan. 14. Horse-boots. — The fix- ing strap 2, instead of passing wholly outside the boot, enters it for part 4 of its length so as to bear on the horse's leg either directly or with only the lining between them. The central part 4 of the strap may be of rubber. FIC.2 1053. Marquardt, J. Jan 15. Fastening ; runaway horses, releasing. — Horses are released from vehicles and horse-gears by a slipping device controlled by a cord. Figs. 1 and 3 show the means applied to a vehicle and hor.se-gear re- •pectively. In Fig. 1, the traces are attached to rings / on arms d, which are pivoted at c to the Whipple tree a resting againsts tops k^, and are kept in place by pins ft on a spring plate g controlled by the cord g^. In Fig. 3, the trace is carried by an arm d pivoted at c and held by a lever h controlled by a cord «^ By pulling the cord, in each case, the horse is released. 1165. Blebuyck, G-. Jan. 16. [Date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, 1883, July 16th, 1895.] Stirrup straps, suspending. — The stirrup-strap is suspended on the bar B between the projections i', fe'^, and the bar is supported at one end by a button a and at the other by a hook a^ The button and hook are carried by the plate A fixed to the saddle tree, and the button works in a slot b in the bar B ; or the plate A may be slotted for a button on the bar B. A spring pin near the hook a^ may be used to prevent the bar from leaving the hook too readily ; or, for the same purpose, the bar may be bent inwards. The dotted lines show how the bar turns to disengage the stirrup-strap. 1395. Burt, W. K. Jan. 20 Clothing fo r animals. — Pads A, B are strapped to the sides of a horse &c. to form a mattress when it lies down. They are strapped together in front, at the top, and beneath, and have a crupper D at the rear. These pads may be used with the ordinary horse blankets, 77 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 2160. Farn,W., and Clarke, T.U. Jan. 30. Bridles. — A pad A fitting the gullet of the horse is at- tached to the bit, as shown, to afford additional control. A pull on the reins forces the pad inwards. nc. 2268. O'Connor, S. Jan. 31. Stirrup straps, siispending ; saddles. — The stirrup leather a is suspended at the front of the flap /, and is kept from the knee by a roll j. There is another roll at k on the other side of the padded part I. The buckle b of the stirrup leather is suspended from the bar d, by a hook m closed by a safety spring plate c. The bar is riveted to the tree and is slotted at/, /for the girth, the flaps being also slotted so that the girth may pass behind them. 2313. Barnsby, J. A. Feb. 1. Saddles. — The seat a e is suspended at the back by two staples a, a fixed to the cantle of the tree and pass- ing through holes in the seat ; it is sus- pended in front by two screw eyes b, which screw through the tree and into sockets in the panels. The cantle of the tree is similar in form to the seat instead of being cut away at/, Fig. 2, thus simplifying the construction. 2378. Schmltz, J. Feb. 1 FIC.I. Bridles ; traces ; materials ; fastening. — Traces and driving reins are made of several layers of a fabric of cotton, mohair, balata, or the like im- pregnated with resin or the like. The layers are stitched together as shown. Hooks H or chains are attached by a plate B doubled and riveted, as shown. 2386. BKullin, J* Fastening back- band chains to the shafts. The mouth of the hook A at- tached to the shaft is closed by a spring B riveted to the point C. Feb. 3. \ "^ 2631. Xievi, S. K. Feb. 5. F1C.2 SJ« :— ^ '^^'^^^^ Vflups, handles for, are cut down the centre, and in a recess formed in each part is placed one or more strips of aluminium C or other suitable metal, having a strip or india-rubber D on each side thereof. The Figure shows the invention applied to a cricket bat. 2662. Gray, A., \Newall, J. W.^. Feb. 5. FIC.6. :Le?^ FIC.f. Horse clippers and the like.— The cutter lever A vibrates about the pin D, which may be adjusted to vary the tension of the lever by the nut E ; o the pin may be fixed and the nut made to screw upon its lower end. The pin D carries a sleeve F with a spherical enlargement upon which the lever A bears, as shown. The lever is suitably forked at the rear for a conical roller L on a crank pin J, which points to the intersection of the axes of the pin D and crank shaft K. Or the bearing in the fork is cylindrical for a spherical roller on a crank pin parallel to the shaft K. The front of the lever carries a conical roller G, which takes a bearing on 78 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 the flat or conical face of a rod H free to turn in the casing I. In a modification, the rod H is fixed and bears agiinst a flat fa'^-e on a ball recessed in the lever A. The cutter B, Figs. 1 and 6, is made in sections united by a strip N or part of the cutter itself so as to be elastic, and the fork A has as many points of contact with the cutter B as the cutter has sections. 2688. Tyree, W., [Jones, F. N.]. Feb. 5 Tugs, shaft. — The tug is of leather A lined with metal B. The metal may be of channel form, as shown, and may have a layer of rubber between it and the leather. The metal may be perforated at B^ to allow the rubber C to protrude. The layers of leather are preferably riveted together at E. The bar D"^ of the usual buckle D may pass through the metal B or otherwise. The loop B* may be of metal in a piece with or brazed &c. to the metal B, or the loop may be dispensed with. 2867> Kugruenin, F., and Kug-uenin, A. Feb. 7. [Date claimed under Sec. 103 of Patents &c. Act, 1883, July 8fch, 1895.] Stirrups. — A separate bow B turns down on a spring hinge C to form a mounting step. The step is kept in position by a projection M engaging a spring r. 3079. Westwood, C. J., and Baxter, J. G. Feb. 11. FIG. I Dog collars ; fastenings are provided with or formed of a plate F, having an opening in one end through which a slotted plate C can pass. A tongue D is passed through the slot in the plate C, and on withdrawal allows the parts to separate. 3393. Berg-, T. Feb. 14. Tethering animals, pegs for. — The pin consists of a helical coil a pointed at h, and formed with a loop or handle at d. The link h, to which the tether- ing rope is attached, is carried by a sleeve c turning upon a straight part of the pin against a shoulder/. FIG. I. ,d 3475. Tong^e, J. K. Feb. 15. Bits. — The loops a and loose ferrules h for the reins are made adjustable on the side bars c to vary the severity of the bit. The loops and bars may be screw headed as shown, or the loops may carry a spring pin or set-screw to engage in notches &c. in the bars. 19 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 3571. nxaxwell, E. Feb. 17. Bridles, reins for. The object is to obtain with a single pair of reins the advantages of both curb and snaffle reins. The reins C are attach- ed to the bit by springs A and loose chains B. A strong pull on the reins extends the springs and brings the chains into action. jf:^ 361*1. Sedgrwick, T. Feb. 18. rsi^iniiiiriiTm O' 'd. I catmi^ cu Scrapers, horse. — The scraper, for drying a horse after washing, consists of a strip of rubber d strengthened inside or out by metal plates and terminating in handles a. The Provisional Specifi- cation states that flat wire coils or vulcanite &c. plates may be used instead of the metal plates. 4 212. Bleyhew, Feb. 25. P. W. FIC.2. Pads for; saddles, saddle cloths, numnahs, and the like. Relates to air pads for the panels of saddles, and for saddle cloths and the like. The pad is so shaped that when inflated it is thicker where the greatest pressure occurs. This may be effected by making the pad A of wedge shape, as shown in Fig. 2, which represents a section on one side of a numnah ; or the material may be thinner at a, or attached to a* for the same object. 4360. Jacks, P., and Ziazarus, A. Feb. 27. Rein holders. — The reins d are gripped between the base blate b and the cam shaped end of the lever a pivoted at c to a bracket projecting from the base plate. (^For Drawing see next column.) 4360. 4740. Welg-htman, W. P., and Welgrltt- man, A. March 13. Muzzles for doQ;s. A metal piece D is riveted to a leather muzzle at A,B, and C to prevent this part of the muzzle from being cut away and the muzzle thus ren- dered useless. 4791. Billlng-s, P. W. March 3. Padding with air or water in suitable re- ceptacles, cellular, tubular, or corrugated, &c. Neck and breast collars, harness and riding saddles and bands are mentioned. The harness may thus be used for storing water for use on military service. Fig. 1 shows a riding saddle with valves or cocks k, Z, m for admitting air, admitting water, and drawing off the water respectively. Fig. 3 represents two sections on a-b, Fig. 1 ; c shows a cellular reservoir and e a simple reservoir. T 3 5324. Wedg-e, J., Wedg-e, J., and Wedgre, D. March 10. Bits. — To prevent the lips of a horse from being nipped between the ends of a sliding moubh bar c and the shoulders d on the bit cheeks b, the ends of the mouth bar are extende^ EQSa Harnessing, systems of; fastening. — A device for connecting draught animals to vehicles haying sha,fts pivotally connected to the front part of a fore carriage, through which device an operating lifting force and also a counter-operating force, brought into action by the draught of the animal, operate directly on the shafts. The shaft lifting springs a are supported by brackets h secured to the under- side of the fore carriage, and are attached thereto in such a way that their lifting force can be conveniently adjusted. These springs apply their lifting thrust to the underside of the grooved rollers d^. The rear end of each trace / is connected to a hook /' on a lever g, which is attached to the same bracket b as the spring. The trace passes thence over a deflecting pulley h connected to the shaft, and is attached to the collar of the animal. When the device is arranged to throw part of the load on the animal when backing, a connection i passes from the breeching over a roller h to the trace f. 13,711. Stanley, K. A. June 22. Saddles, harness. The back-band is guided in loops a attached to the saddle by a central screw h screwing into a socket ¥ or vice versa. There may also be antifriction rollers and lugs h tor screws. 87 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. tl8£6 The tprret rings r, bearing-rein hook s, and crupper loop may be cast in one with the loops or be suit- ablj- attached thereto. The lugs h may be covered by parts of the plate ,/, ornamental or otherwise, which also serve to secure the ends of the beading k. 14,034. Dundonald, Earl of. June 24. Nose bags. — The bag is of stout canvas so that it may be used to contain water, and is strengthened at the bottom by a canvas strip C with eyelets for a meshwork of cords D. A cross strap A keeps the horse's nose in a position for breathing freely. The space beTween the strap A and the bag may be closed by a pervious fabric E, preventing the food from being tossed out. 14,903. July 6. o y c e, J. fIC.I Fastenivg reins. The object is to fasten the reins so that a horse and cart may be left un- attended. The reins a are fastened to the M'heel hub or spokes by an eye c and hook d. The hook and eye may be carried by a strap buckled round the hub. 15,392. Andersson, J. July 11. Bits. — The mouth bar is formed of a chain, the links c of which are comparatively wide and are formed of square or otherwise edged wire or rod. The links are twisted so that they lie flat in the mouth. 15,769. Iiarsson, C. A. July 16. Saddles. — Relates to saddle-trees more particu- larly for pack saddles, the object being to adjust the tree Ui fit diflerent animals. The side bars o, fl' are connected at each end by an arch con- sisting of two plates &, &', which can be slid upon one another by a right and left handed screw e engaging with bolts c^, which are fixed to one plate and pass through a slot d or rf' in the other. Fig. 7 shows a form suitable for supporting a gun. The Provisional Specification states that the arms 6, 6' may slide telescopically, or that one of the arms may be forked to receive the other, and also that they may have interlocking teeth. igFICI. 15,812. Hill, B. July 17. Fasteiihig.-Traces, pole chains, &c. are fastened to the vehicle by a slip hook or coupling link, Fig. 1, which consists of two parts a, b hinged together at c and held together by a spring catch e pivoted at e*. A shackle d is fixed to the pivot c. The hook is released by pushing back the catch «. The spring e2 1S96J ABKIDaMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 attachment, Fig. 4, may be used with this hook or link. It consists of an eye bolt d^, d^, y> hich compresses a spring h in the barrel h^. J. "W. July 23. FIG. 8. 16,333. Cawdery, Stirnq-)s. — The horses for railw'ays for recrea- tion, of the kind de- scribed in Specification No. 2908, A.D. 1894, are formed in two parts hinged together, the space between the two parts being hidden by a plate F. To prevent the riders getting hurt, each stirrup is formed so that it is not possible to turn the supporting rod under the body of the horse, although it can freely turn in any other direction. This is accomplished by the stirrup J being connected to a rod K pivoted to a hinged plate L carried by a plate M. The stirrup is adjustably connected to the rod by a pin j^ and grooves k. 16,658. Surman, J. G. July 28. ^3 Saddles; stirrups. — Handles A, A, or a chain, strap, &c. are fixed to the saddle to assist the rider. A roller B, which turns on these handles or is otherwise secured, serves to increase the leverage of the reins when passed beneath them. An extra girth C attached to the fore part of the saddle prevents the saddle from shifting as the rider mounts, grasping this girth, and afPords safety if the ordinary girth breaks. The girth C passes through loop y and between rollers x, a;' and other rollers (not shown) beneath them. The stirrup has a pivoted tread lo and a pivoted support v for the top of the foot. The Provisional Specification states that the foot support may be carried by the pivoted tread. nc.i. 16,669. Weston, B. S., and Wilton, K. S. July 28. Fastening traces and pole chains. The form shown in Fig. 1 is for the traces of double harness. The trace A passes freely through the frame L, L round the roller bolt B and terminates in a link C, which is fastened to the frame L, L by a LJ-shaped piece E pivoted at K and carrying a piece F pivoted at J. A volute spring at H presses the piece F outwards, so that the cross - bar M snaps beneath the part G of the frame L, L. The trace link C is released by pulling on the piece F at I. The form shown in Fig. 5 is for the traces of single harness. The loop E is hooked on to the vehicle, and the trace A is connected to it by the hook B pivoted at F. The point of the hook is held by catch C pivoted at G and drawn forwards by the volute spring. Fig. 4 shows a slip hook for a pole chain. The point of the hook A is held by a pivoted catch B controlled by the spring C. FIG. 5 17,482. Boiler, G. C. Aug. 7. Stirrup st7'a2)S, sus- pending.— The stir- rups are connected by a strap 1, which passes over the saddle and fits in a groove therein. The strap 1 is de- tachably connected to the side bars of the saddle by studs 2, Fig. 2, fixed to the strap and fitting into sockets 5 fixed to the side bars 7, or by a plate 13, Fig. 7, the ends 11 of which catch beneath the side bars 7. The strap 1 is riveted to the plate 13, which is hinged at 10. Studs 12 on the strap fit sockets in the plate 13. 17,583. Xiecbner, J. Aug. 8. Runaioay horses, releasing ; fasteniiig traces. The lever 1, pivoted at 3 to the framing, is used first to release the horse and then to apply the brakes or vice versa. An arm 7 connected by a link 6 to an arm 5 pivoted to the lever 1 is used to control a spring catch fitted to the whippletrees H, which are hollow, as shown in Fig. 4, and contain rods 10 with right-angled bends 1 1 passing through slots, 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1893 and are normally held in position by springs so that the forked ends 12 engage the traces 21. Notches 16 are formed in the rods 10, which are engaged by projections of the spring catch men- tioned above, but not shown. The lever 1 is also fIG.L? pivoted at 39 to a bar 40, which is connected to a spring-controlled bell crank 41. At one end of the brake 47 there is an eye 53, Fig. 13, connected to the bent end 54 of a rod 55 normally held within the socket 56 by a spring 57 and kept there by a spring catch. By pulling the handle 2 forward, the springs force out the forked ends 12 and release the traces, and the horse draws the holdback sleeves from their supporting pins. Immediately after- wards, the spring catch 60 is released through the action of the levers 1, 40, 41, and 80, and the brake is applied. The apparatus may be modified for a vehicle carrying a pole and drawn by two horses. T. Aug. 11. 179761. Osment, Stirrup s t r a j!) s, suspending. — The pivoted spring latch h has the angular form shown, the hori- zontal arm c serv- ing to ensure the removal of the stirrup leather. 17,935. Allsopp, E. Stirrup straps, sus- pending.— The stirrup strap a is suspended from the bar b at- tached by an eye / to the plate e fixed to the saddle-tree. One end of the bar b rests normally in the socket c and the other carries Aug. 13. a spring catch d. The stirrup strap is released, if the rider is thrown, by the bar b leaving its socket G and the catch d turning down. The eye/ and socket c are made in one piece with the plate e. 17,994. Sewell, F. O. G-., and Sewell, K. J. Aug. 13. Saddles. — The harness saddle consists of a sheet brass or other metal piece A channelled for the backhand B and levelled up by pieces of wood 0, C, leather pieces a', to bear on the animal, being secured beneath the part A, while above it are the leather flaps /, the pieces of leather F, the block of wood D, and lastly, over all, the sheet metal piece E. The parts are held together by the tongue e^ passing through the crupper loop a and by bolts, as shown. ». FIC4. 18,292. Sleep, W. K., and Sleep, R. Aug. 18j Collars, 'neck ; fastening traces. — The end link d of the trace is ad- justably attached to the hame b by hooks c or eyes h on a plate a, which may be hinged by a pin g to lugs / riveted &c. to the channelled or other shaped hame. A draw-bolt i passes through the eyes h. \ 18,467. Jenkins, C. D. Aug. 20. Horse clix>pers and the like. — The cutting blades c' of clippers for horses, sheep, &c. are mounted upon an endless chain c, which passes over guide rollers d and a gear wheel e provided with a handle e^ or 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 connected to an electric or other motor. The comb b is formed on a plate a connected to the handle a}. The cutters and comb are pressed FIC.I. rA together by winged nuts h bearing against the cover plate/. 18.728. Aug. 24. Newburg-h - Stewart, K. R. FIC.2 Saddle s. — De- tachable pads C are attached to the flaps A or panels of pack and other saddles by a strap E, which is passed through loops B, D on the flap and pad respectively, and is fastened by a stud F. The loops alternate, as shown. Aug. 25. 18,798. Jones, T. R. Saddles for bi- cycles or any other purpose are formed by compressing spongy india-rub- b e r by suitable means and en- closing the same within a covering or casing B of india -rubber, leather, canvas, or other suitable material. These are inserted suitable pockets formed in the saddle cover, which may be supported by suitable springs or supports. 18,827. Chapin, W. R., Xiindsay, A. Xi., Kowarth, J. W., and Robertson, J. BI. Aug. 25. Tugs, shafts ;Jaste)i- ing.—The thill A is }~^ 'l^**-*' passed through the double hook B, to which is hinged the curved lever C capable of occupying both the full-line position em- bracing the thill and the dotted line posi- tion for releasing it. The hook B is looped at the top to receive the back-band, and the lower end of the hook C is looped to form a belly-band fastening. Aug. 28. 19,055. Gonne, C. Til, Breeching. — Consists in attaching harness breech- ing to the vehicle instead of to the horse. The breeching B consists of a bar of metal covered with leather, rubber, or the like to prevent chafing. Its ends are bent back so as to enter sockets D screwed to the shafts. A small amount of motion is allowed in the sockets, which is limited by pins E working in slots D\ and shocks are lessened by springs F. The bar B is bent either upwards or downwards from the sockets,. to suit the particular vehicle to which it is attached, so that it shall bear at the right height against the ham of the horse. For pair-horse vehicles, the bar is formed with a pair of curves, one for each horse. 19,116. Stokes, K. Aug. 29. ._^ Whips ; scrapers^ horse and like. — To the handle L of the whip is fixed a flat blade or scraper K, which, when not in use, is inserted in the hollow part B of the whip stock and secured by a catch b or screw. 91 1836] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS <^c. 19,378. Taunton, R. K., and Kolloway, G-. ^n/lfl.l/)o riorf. ■nQf»lr •v\A\-nct Qnrl Saddles. — Cart, pack, riding, and other saddles are made with a resilient sheet metal framework, The Figure shows a section of a cart saddle. The dished metal plates a', a*, faced, if desired, with asbestos or celluloid for coolness and smoothness, are supported by parallel bars J\ the ends of which are bent up and secured to the outer shell or plate h by nuts h^. The plates a', a*, or the sides of an equivalent single plate, are each pressed inwards by springs e con- nected to the plates a^, a^ and to the plate h. Rubber blocks, pneu- matic cushions, &c. may be used in place of the spring e. The plates are beaded or corrugated &c. at the bellyband g is connected as shown. ([1896 Sept. 2. edges. The back chain passes along the trough /, and the 19,836. Thorpe, C. J. Nosebags. — Bags in which there is a shallow compartment a from which the animal feeds and one or more com- partments b which serve as hoppers and from which the food passes through open- ings c are provided with metal strips d to maintain the form of the bag. The head strap is attached to the rings e and runs through the rings g so as to close the com- partments b when the bag is in use. The rings e, g and strips d may be combined, as shown in Fig. 6. Sept. 8. FIG. I. 20,373. Nicklin, S. Sept. 15 Saddles, harness. The lower part B is of stamped sheet metal of flanged trough section. The upper part A is of wood or metal of suitable form and is fixed to the part B by a nut and a bolt a* passing through the hole ¥ and by the bear- ing rein hook which passes through holes a^ and b\ The holes b\ ¥ are for the terrets, and the other holes are for attaching the leather covering. 20,667. Forrester, C. C. Sept. 18. Clothing for animals ; saddle cloths. — Articles of clothing and saddle cloths for racing or trotting horses or racing dogs are made in the various colours and patterns adopted by sporting clubs &c. in order to afford easier identification. The device may be produced by weaving, knitting, dyeing, &c. or by sewing or glueing on the desired patterns. i 20,699. Simmonds, T. K. Sept. 18. Saddle s. — A series of balls b are arranged on a sup- port a beneath the cover c of saddles or seats to give greater resiliency. The Figure shows in section a saddle such as is used for velocipedes. 21,685. Richards, J. W. Sept. 30. 92 Measuring for saddles. — The apparatus consists of a frame a in two parts divided at m, n and con- nected by hinged rods c which may be fixed at any 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 angle by the clamping screws d, d. Spring strips f, P fixed at one end g and free at the other end h are adapted to be pressed against the animal by screws fc, h. 21,867. Schwarzenbergrer, S. Oct. 2. Fastening. — The fastenings are for connecting traces, pole chains, &c. to the vehicle or horse collar. Fallen horses may be rapidly released by these slip fastenings. The form Fig. 2 is for bolt- ing to the splinter bar. The trace passes over the tube c riveted to the disc h which is pivoted at g, g to the fixed arms a, a. The tube is held fast by a pin d within it. A spring e forces this pin into the socket s from which it may be released by turning a lever / which is fixed to the pin and runs on the inclined edge of the tube, as shown in the form Fig. 8, for attachment to horse-collars, vehicle poles, &c. In this form the tube c^ is hinged to an eye at a'. FIG. 2. f lb ^^^^^^^^"^ K3 FIG. I.. 22,056. Clements, T. Oct. 5. Pads for neck collars. — The pad for use beneath the ordinary collar consists of two bags of india- rubber-coated canvas &c. partially filled with air or water. The pad may be lined or entirely covered with some soft material. Fig. 1 shows an elevation of the collar pad, and Fig. 4 a section on A, B. 22,071. X.eiterer, N. Oct Stopping runaway horses^ means for. — A saddle or draft horse is stopped by allowing two connected chains o or cords to fall down over the legs. In the form, Fig. 4, the strap I sup- porting the chains is wound on the drum ¥, Fig. 2, in a casing a, and is released by pulling the rein t, lifting the pawl e^ from the ratchet wheel c, and freeing the drum. Fig. 9 shows a sec tion of a fastening for sup- porting the chains in the case of a saddle horse. The chains are attached to a strap v) which is released from the box d^ by pulling the strap v which first with- draws the slide c^ from above the catch y pivoted at 6', and then pulls forward the slide » carrying the incline p so that it acts against the incline p^ and so lifts the catch from engagement with the strap vj. The case a^ is supported by a strap u. With slight modification the devices, Figs. 2 and 9 may be used for saddle horses and draught horses respectively. .93 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 22,147. Richards, J. W. Oct. 6. Stirrup straps, sus- pending, in ladies' saddles. The stirrup strap a passes over rollers & in a groove beneath the seat to the off-side where it is attached to the piped strap d forming part of, or connecting the straps e, /, arranged as shown. The strap d is attached to the girth A by a forked piece g carrying rollers. 22,363. I^cDonald, A. R. Oct. 9. Lining and padding ; collars, nech ; saddles. — Saddles, horse-collars, mattresses, cushions for road and railway vehicles, &c., instead of being stuffed with hair &c. are inflated, and the surfaces are kept in the form required by stays E extend- ing between the walls of the inflated chamber, or FIC.2 by the use of straight, curved, or intersecting partitions, or inflated tubes A, A\ Suitable valves are provided as at H. The stays may be formed as tubes F to allow for ventilation, and to enable a covering material to be drawn in with buttons G. 22,612. Coles, G-., and I^cXiean, W. Oct. 12. Clippers for sheep. The machine is worked by com- pressed air &c. acting on the wheel G with approximately radial vanes g^, the air &c. escaping at the cutters. The hub of the wheel carries an eccentric pin with a loose sleeve F working in the slotted end of the lever D pivoted at C. The friction of the wheel on its pivot is reduced -by ball bearings, as shown. The tension of the cutters is adjusted by a hollow screwed stud 0 with a milled cap o^. The stud is connected by ball bearing to the stem n of the tension lever N connected by a pin to the lever D. A spring bolt P locks the stud by engaging with grooves in it. 22,724. Norfolk, H. C. Oct. 13. Fastening traces and other parts of rope harness. Fig. 1 shows a method of coupling ropes which may be applied to the above purposes. Tbe ropes are enclosed in metal sleeves B, B which may be roughened to afford a better grip. Gimlet-pointed screws attached to hooks or eyes are then screwed into the ropes. FIC I. 23,459. Blyth, W. E. Oct. 22. Collars, nech. — The collar has a leather body A padded at B. No hames are used; they are replaced by a strap C sewn &c. to the body A and passing all round the collar except the top, which is bridged by a strap D passing through loops E', E^ ^and buckled at d^, d^. Beneath the strap D is the pad F and the leather flap G buckled at g\ The rein rings L^, L^ are held by the strap D passing through loops I, and the hame tugs W, 'B? are riveted &c. to the strap C and body A. A dee J 94 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 for use in double harness is fixed by a strap K For Cape harness the neck bar strap passes round the top of the collar and through the loops E^, E^ and /, I. 24,002. Ash, W., and Swift, I. Oct. 28. 23,489. Creutzfeldt, G. F. K. Oct. 22. nc I Stopping runaviay horses^ means for. — The horse is stopped by the action of an extra pair of reins o and by the application of a brake. These are brought into action by slackening the ordinary reins r, which allows the ring n to be forced over the hinged rod^ by the spring m. To the ring n are attached the reins o and a rack i operating the brake. 23,810. Stewart, E. J. Oct. 26. FIG. 2. Bridles^ attach- men t s for. A vicious or other horse is controlled by a cord A, which runs through loops c, and forms a hooze round the base of one or both ears. Saddles. — Harness saddles are protected from the wear of the shafts, traces, and tugs by a plate h of metal, leather, &c. riveted or sewn &c. to the flaps. '"■'•tt 24,222. Kainsworth, J. S., and Whit- ting-ham, T. R. Oct. 30. Collars, neck. — The collar consists of two pads a secured to a bar or tube &, which is bent at c to avoid the neck, and is continued back and provided with an eye/, as shown, for attachment to the saddle. Two bars or tubes jointed at c may be used instead of one. For pair horse harness, straps connect the pads a with the saddle. The Pro- visional Specifica- tion states that stays may be used between the bar h and pads a ^^. 24,830. Cooper, S. A. Nov. 6. Draioings to Specificaiion. Saddles, riding. A piece forming the combined seat and skirts, embossed or otherwise, is made by pressing softened leather or a single skin of leather between suitable dies. The flap with the knee and thigh pads is similarly formed 25,066. Wethered, B. R. Nov. 9. Bridles.— The bridle is fitted with attachments by which the horse may be controlled without bit or curb. The reins e, e" are attached to bell-crank levers &, V pivoted at c to the stiffened cheek straps a. The nose band is in two parts d, d^ connected with the levers on opposite sides of the fulcrum, as shown, so that on pulling the reins the horse's nose is compressed. The Provisional Specification states that pulleys may be used to draw the two parts of the noseband together, and that the power may be increased by fixing one end of the reins to the collar &c. (^For Drawing see next page.) 95 k 1896] ABKIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 25,066. 25,175. Royston, E. R., [Spear, E., and Middleton, F. Z.]. Nov. 10. Straps and bands, — The machine is for use in making seamless leather loops, Fig. 1, for harness &c. and comprises mechanism for cutting off blanks from a strap, slitting the blanks, and feeding them to a trough, in which thej may be blackened and from which they are taken to some form of finish- ing machine. Fig. 2 shows a sectional elevation of the machine, and Figs. 3 and 4 are sections on the lines 3, 3 and 4, 4, of Fig. 2. A strap is fed through the guide 1 to the adjustable stop 2, and the blanks are cut off by the knife 3 actuated by FIC.3 link 19 and bell-crank lever 21. The blank is pushed laterally by rod 11^ beneath grippers 5, Fig. 4, whichi firmly grip its edges and carry yield- ing grippers 6 for pressing on the face of the blank. The grippers are carried by slides 25 actuated by cim slots in the piece 24 oscillated by bell-crank lever 27. While so held horizontal knives 11, Fig. 4, carried by slides 30 slit the blanks from each edge. The loops are then pushed over an opening leading to the channel 15 into which a removable trough or drawer is placed, the loops being passed down by an oscillating presser 16. The bell-crank levers 21, 27, the rod 11>', and the slides 30 are all moved by cams on the shaft 23. 25,176. Royston, 3S. R., [Spear, E., and Middleton, F. i.]. Nov. 10. Straps. — Relates to machinery for use in making seamlesss leather loops for harness &c. The machine receives slit blanks and presses them to rectangular form. The slit blanks are fed down a hopper a and are taken out one by one by a number of pointed loop sticks c arranged radially in a carrier J X which has a step-by-step motion imparted by a pawl and ratchet wheel m. A spring catch liberated by the pawl holds the loop stick c in exact alignment with the loop. The loop stick is moved longitudinally so as to enter a loop supported beneath on the spring plate b, at the sides by other plates, and at the back by tie spring plates d, e beneath which the loop stick enters. The part i has flanges which allow the loop expanded on the loop stick to pass while the other loops are stopped. The loop stick is reciprocated by the slide t>^ operated by lever v. The loop sticks are prevented from moving radially until opposite the hopper a or the press by a stationary wheel b^ with a flange which enters the groove s and is cut away at the proper points. Fig. 3 shows one of the two presses provided in the machine. The press has four jaws g^ carried by slides i^ worked by levers j^ and four cam slots in the disc o^ on the shaft p^ rocked by a crank. The loop stick is reciprocated by a cam and adjustable lever. The loop is discharged by the engagement of a spring gatch with the catch y;^ of the lever v^ by which the sleeve is pulled outwards. 96 1890] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 25,317. Cooper, C. K. Nov. 11. Drawings to Specification. Bridles, rosettes for. Rosettes for harness, bridles, &c. are made of strips, ribbons, &c. of celluloid or xylonite looped together or otherwise fashioned as usual. 25,347. Dundonald, Earl of. Nov. 11. Whips. — Small slow-corn bus tion stoves of the type described in Specification No. 5841, A.D. 1896, are fitted to the handles of whips &c. to act as hand-warming appliances. Fig. 1 shows such a stove applied to a tubular handle, while Fig. 4 shows a modified form for attachment by the split socket L to a solid whip handle &c. The fuel is inserted through the plugged opening Gr into the casing A, one end of which is open and surrounded by wire gauze &c. T>, E. Fire- proof muslin may be used together with the gauze. The outer cover is perforated, and may be corrugated. 25,400. Cooper, S. A. Nov. 12. Rein holders. — The reins are held to the dash- board &c. of a vehicle or to a riding saddle by a spring clip. Fig. 1 shows a gripping-plate a attached to two parallel plates b for clipping over the dash-board, and Fig. 4 shows a wire clip a P 11362 pivoted by a bolt e to a clip / embracing the rein rail c. A metal strip may replace the loop a, Fig. 4, and a plate spring may be used instead of the wire spring a\ a\ The form of clip. Fig. 4, may be mounted on plates b, Fig. 1. The free end of the part a is turned up to facilitate the entrance of the reins. 25,403. Wagremann, P. Stirrup straps, suspending. — The stirrup-leather i^ is suspended from a bar d hinged at one end to the frame A and supported at the other by the eye e^ of a spring arm e connected by a cord h, o to the waist-belt p. If the rider is thrown, the pull on the cord frees the stirrup-leather b y releasing its sup- port d. Nov. 12. 27,328. Krause, m. A. Dec. 1. FiC.3 Harnessing, systems of; fastening. — For single and double harness the ordinary shafts, poles, and traces are dispensed with and steel draught tubes a are used, two for each horse. The tubes are attached to the harness by eyes b or b^ sliding on the tubes against the action of the springs d, d^ which absorb shocks. In the case of four-in-hand harness the traces of the leaders are attached to sliding eyes e arranged as shown. 27,329. ILrause, M. A. Dec. 1. Fig. 6. ric.3, Fastening ; runaway horses, releasing. — As shown in Fig. 3, a lug c^ attached to the draw-bar c fits 97 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 between projections b, ¥ on a plate a secured to the saddle. A hollow conical pin d is passed through b, 6', and c\ and has in its interior a pin e reduced at e' and held in the position shown in Fig. 6 by a spring h. The pin e holds balls I, I in a groove m in the projection b to lock the pin. By means of a line the coachman can withdraw the pin e to release the balls, and subsequently the pin d to free the horse from the vehicle. 27,472. G-ultton, E. Training and breaking - in horses and other animals. — The animalis placed on an end- less travelling band or track B which is moved over rollers F in a direction opposite to the motion of the animal by drums C, operated by end- less bands E. The apparatus i s in- tended mainly for producing a racing scene on a thea- trical stage. Dec. 2. 27,644. Kenson, W. J. Saddles. — Relates to pads for use with cycle or other saddles, cushions, or seats, t o prevent perineal pressure. The pad is formed hollow in the centre at A, and is inflated with air through a valve at d. The pads are used in pairs with a space B between them, and are secured in saddle or cushion. Dec. 4. any suitable manner to the 27,699. michel, P. M. Dec. 4. Saddles. — Relates to military saddles specially adapted for artillery service. Fig. 3 shows an elevation of the saddle, and Fig. 6 an underside view of the tree with certain other parts. The tree is made up of two pieces A of beech wood, riveted to a sheet-steel pommel B and cantle C. Slots D are made for the stirrup straps, girth straps h, and chest strap w, the straps being kept in place by thickening their inner ends. The pieces A have a canvas cover m and are covered at the ends by raw hid© a\ The leather seat G is bolted to the pommel and is turned over the cantle and stitched to a lining beneath, a copper edging C bolted to the cantle covering the seam. The seat G is stitched to the flaps H in the manner shown FIG. 6. in Fig. 15. Pads x are attached to the tree and a strap passes through the pommel, the seat and the leather connecting the saddle bags M, strengthened by metal strips e. 27,853. Bauch, X.. Dec. 7. Nosebags. — The nosebag a folds together at a\ and is hinged to the arms b, &\ themselves hinged at d to one of the bars c which slides on a second bar c, hinged at e', to straps e, g for passing round the neck. The straps e are steadied by hinged arms e^ bearing against the horse, and the strap g is connected by a strap and ring i to the saddle hook. A slide s fitting in the loop /, and a tongue m fitting beneath the end of the bar c, keep the nosebag rigid while in use. FIG. 28,309. Poppleton, T. Dec. 11. Bridles and the like, rosettes for. Rosettes for bridles &c. are made by dishing a disc of brass &c. A and turning its edges E over a disc of iron G to which an attach- ing-loop H has been riveted. — n 9a 1896] ABRIDGMENT CLASS HARNESS &c. [1896 28,357* Bennett, T. Dec. 11. Stopping runaway horses, means for. — The bearing rein is attached to a chain J fixed to a spindle A carrying a wheel D which may be pulled into con- tact with the hub E of the road wheel by a chain G and lever H. The spindle A is supported by brackets B, B' from the axle C, and in turning winds up the chain J. 29,64:7. Cooper, W. Dec. 24. Stirrups. — The tread C of the safety-stirrup F I C .1 is hinged at &, and also pivoted at a to the bow, and has a hooked end g engaging with a slot h in the limb d, pivoted to the bow at e. If the rider is thrown with his foot in the stirrup, the tread pivots round, the hook 2 25,298. '00. 9225 Eeckhout, P. van '98. 2902 Egyesy,G... '97. 1157 Elliott, E. L '98. 16,377 Elston, G. '98. 3125 Esmarch, C. F. von '00. 22 133 Evans, H. C '97. '295 Fairweather, W '98. 12,554 Earn, W '98. 93G3 Felton, B '98. 10,015 Fessenden. J. C '98. 12,554 Fischer, F '97. 21,691 FitzRoy, E. M '99. 3214 Flatman, T '98. 108:i Folman, M '97. 5331 Ford, L. F....'97. 18,794. 26,815 '98. 17,417 Fortscb, F '97. 17,638 Franke, C. R '00. 152 Frankenstein, E. R '00. 15,<^;09 Friedeberg, E: S '98. 21,930 Friedman, J. L.. '98. 8573 Frost, T.... '98. 4182 Fry, J '98. 8879 Garstin, A... '97. 5873. 6622 21,352 Gavitt, J. A '00. 9897 Gidden, R. T '99. 19,592 Gierth, F.W. R '98. 2074 Gillette, G. H '97. 18,324 Gleadowe-Newcomen, A. H...'9S. 17,766 Gnosill, Parkes & '97. 17,428 Goetze, W '00. 3538 Golby, F. VV '00. 6027 Goodwin, J. 11 '99. 5866 Grayn, E. I '98. 18,347 Greb-CIeemann,J.P..'97. 28,931 Green, H '00. 2241 „ W. R '98. 26,845 Greeves, W '98. 7417 Greville, B '00. 19,813 Griffin, J '97. 29,086 Griffin, Withers &...'97. 29,086 Grimmer, R '98. 11,454 Groeschel, E. W '00. 11,978 Grubb, O '98. 4541 Gruggen, A. L '00. 7703 Guerinean, A '99. 4067 Gulline, H. L '97. 10,630 10,631. '98. 7009. 9507. '00. 1149. Gulli7ie, H. L '00. 10,702 Haddan, R '97. 25,001 Hail], J '00. 19,870 Hall, F. L 98. 3491 „ H '00. 22,814 „ W '97. 4120 Hamilton, A. C '97. 29,309 „ H. M. ... '97. 16,835 Hammersley, T.J. ...'98. 1083 Hannay, D. F '98. 8376 Harrelsoc, J. W '98. 9884 Harris, J. J '99. 19,335 Harrison, E '00. 11,237 „ E. G. M....'00. 12,294 „ T '97. 28,080 Harwood, J '00. 11,832 „ S.J .'99. 7408 Hasch, C '98. 12,771 Hastings, R '98. 11,040 Hausmani), G '99. 15,620 Heather, W. G '98. 1454 Hendrick, M. E '97. 9894 Henrici, G. J. H '00. 11,115 Herbert, C. W '99. 12,975 Hewens, A '98. 2170 Hibbert, B '98. 730 Hill, B '98. 1060 „ C. T '97. 30,230 „ T. W '98. 1060 Hillman. J '97. 9900 Hirszson, H. M '99. 8397 Holhnd, F '98. 12,976 Hollister, W. F '97. 24,794 Hollowav, G '00. 20,843 Hopson, W. P :98. 7417 Howard, G. D '00. 8065 Hoivard, J. '99. 9572 X Howe, 0. J '00. 19,298 Howell, A '99. 30.30 Howorth, W. H '97. 14,237 Hub, C '98. 21.966 Humane Bridle Co. ...'99. 7053 Hume, W '98. 4681 17,982 Humphreys. W. H...'97. 25,651 Humphris, F '99. 5185 5186 Hunter, S. T '99. 7850 W '99. 7850 „ • W. S '99. 7850 Hutchison, P '97. 27,386 „ W '98. 15,143 Imray, 0 '00. 19,813 Ingram, J. G '97. 9292 Ireland, A '98. 754 Irven, C. N '00. 18,144 Jackson, A. B '00. 7345 Jenks, A. K ,...'00. 168 Jessel, R. P '98. 1998 Johnson, J '98. 19,750 '00. 9.347 Jones, C. D. M '00. 7771 19,144 Jones, R. G ..'00. 19,144 „ R. J. '00. nil Julien-Pin9on, C. E....'00. 7183 Jiirgensohn, A '97. 4511 Kdding, C. '00. 6027 Kaun, O '98. 19,441 Keys. A '97. 22,480 Kimbetley, W '97. 830 Kingscote, E ..'99. 25.728 Kluge, J '00. 9226 Knopf, C. '99. 4875 Koe/iig, F '98. 22,245 KOnig, F '00. 16,662 Kratz, 0. C. J '99. 20,857 Krupp, F '98. 3640 Kuszmink, A '99. 25,298 Kutschka, T. '00. 22,002 Lick, F. '97. 7302 „ F. E; '98. 8573 Lake, H. H .'97. 27,521 '98. 17,655. '00. 120 13,411. Lateulere, A. A.,, '98. 4602 Law, B. C '98. 10,015 Lawton, C '98. 19,258 Leach, E. H '99. 16,863 Lean, W. W '98. 27,432 '00. 22,580 Ids'?] NAME INDEX. [1900 Lee, F '97. 12,323 „ J '99. 12,465 Lees, W '00. 12,198 Leitch, A.J '00. 19,972 Lewis, J '99. 12,709 Liesching, L. 0 '99. 4130 4222 Liggins, E '97. 21,737 '98. 17,664. '99. 16,229 Loveday, T '98. 2201 MacAlister, J. Y. W '99. 291 McCaffrey, J '00. 704 McCallum, C '98. 4477 MacCormack, T. C '97. 16,321 McDonald, M '97. 29,447 McDougall J '98. 1486 '00. 739 McFarlane, W. T '00. 20,765 McGintie, J. A '97. 24,238 Mackay, R. M '00. 19,246 McKenzie, J '97. 18,406 Mackenzie, J. W. ...'97. 20,038 Maclachlan, A. L '98. 18,222 MacPhail, J '97. 20,146 Maigret, A. E. G. U. J. F-.-.'SP. 5948 Maitland, C. G '98. Ull Manning, T '98. 22,372 Marks, G. C '97. 10,094 Marsh, T. P '00. 739. 3797 Martin, A '00. 10,107 19,427 Martin & Co., A '00. 10,107 Martin, F '99. 11,972 „ H '00. 12.228 „ J '97. 21,282 „ P. A '97. 472 '98. 20 939 Mason, M. H '98. 21,246 Masurach, E '98. 17,902 Mathias, S '98. 18,347 Meacock. O. J '97. 11,357 Meinert, T '97. 18,277 Melchior, A '98. 27,355 27,356 Mailings, J '95. 18,501 Metcalfe, C '98. 28,144 Mewburn, J. C '99. 4130 4222 Miall. E '98. 13,368 Mills, J '99. 15,686 Miner, W '98. 6556 Mitchell, J '00. 18,174 Moeglich, F '97. 21,531 Moelier, F '00. 4866 Montgomery, G. A. ..'99. 15,446 Moore, A. W '97. 23,596 Mrose, F. W '97. 12,457 Muler, M '97. 5331 Mussell, J '9S. 4338 Neal, E '99. 2099 „ W. H '97. 28,064 Nevling,G '97. 22,359 NewaU, J. W '98. 6011. '99. 3444 Newburgh-Stewart, H. R....'97. 3729 Newcomen, A. H. Gleadowe- '95. 17,766 Newell, M. A '97. 20,038 Newton, P. A '95. 27,330 NichoUs, L. L '00. 12,595 Nobes, G '99. 13,803 Norris, R '95. 20,911 „ W '97. 1771 Nunn, J. H '97. 29,714 O'Brien, G.E '97. 27,476 Oqclen, A '97. 27,521 Olsen, C. B '00. 2792 Orpwood, \V. L '97. 167 '95. 19,919 Palmer, S '95. 14,019 Parker, F. H '95. 21,520 Parkes & Gnosili. ..:97. 17,428 Parkes, -f '97. 17,428 Parry, F. W '97. 27,589 Patrick, T '95. 14,366 Paxton. W. F '95. 8573 Pearson,J. E '00. 120 Pearson, M. H '99. 7461 Peddar, VV. S '97. 1928 Peirce, J. T ...'99. 10,759 Penn, H '97. 11,357 Perkins, T. C '95. 9186 Peters, P. W '95. 5699 „ W. C '00. 5118 Pettit, C. W....'97. 7736. 24,843 Pflueger,E. F. '97. 18,833 Picard, P '95. 21,234 Pidduck, E. G '97. 6295 Pin9on, C. E. JuIieii-...'00. 7183 Pinder, W '97. 24,440. '99. 8087 Pitt, J '97. 18,000 Plant, W. H '00. 14,006 Platz, W. J. R '00. 9414 Plosz, B '99. nU Pogaon, A. D '00. 9347 Pomeroy, J '00. 8959. 8960 Ponton, G '97. 5969 Poppleton, T '00. 8899 Power & Sons, D. ...'95. 14,013 Power, D '95. 14,013 Prescott, S. J '98. 25,792 '99. 4437 Procter, T '95. 754 Pybourne, T '95. 4765 Quarrie, A '00. 19,972 xi Rapp, J '99. 16,958 Rathbone, F '95. 6556 Read, A. VV '99. 7368 Re^el, K H '99. 13,618 Reichwald, A '95. 3640 Reid, J '99. 12,465 Rendell, C. W '95. 21,960 Rei/nolds, S. A. D. ...'97. 20,038 Richter, A.G H '99. 13,618 H....'99. 17,170. 17,213 Ricketts, J. W '95. 5638 Rietbrock, F '99. 11,837 Ritter, R.. '97. 15,179 Robergel, E '97. 10,094 Roletschek, J '97. 21,691 Ross, A. M '99. 53 Ross, !S '95. 17,655 Russell, J. F '00. 6292 Rutter, G '98. 17,106 Sangster, T. H '00. 1471 Sauer, I) '99. 4295 Schibalski, E '00. 22,002 „ G '00. 22,002 Schiemangk, M '97. 20,861 Schmahl, K '97. 7801 S^honing, K ...'99. 16,860 Schwegel, W '97. 10,631 Scott, A '97. 25 443 „ A. H '97. 3133 „ F. S. D '95. 11,040 „ J '00. 468 Rewell, H.J '00. 12,210 Silley, J. H '99. 5556 Simpson, C '95. 21,118 21,119. '99. 12,815 „ II '95. 21,118 21,119. '99. 12,815 „ W '97. 3133 Sims, J '00. 12,210 Sinclair, A. W '97. 10,920 Slack, T '97. 29,333 Sleep, W. H '99. 4803 Smart, A '00. 19,205 Smith, F '99. 2513 „ G. F '00. 18,288 „ G. G '98. 19,689 „ H. G '00. 14,977 „ N. B '95. 24,512 „ W '99. 3502 Soerensen, C. P '00. 4866 Spence, D '98. 8451 Sperling, S. R. A '00. 9414 Spong, J. F '00. 13,465 Sprague, R. H '99. 16,895 Squire, J. W '00. 8819 Staunton, P. M '99. 25,611 Staveacre, J. H '97. 29,333 Stebbing, C. F '95. 18,245 Steenken, C '....'97. 17.320 Stelling, G. H '99. 16,291 Stevens, H. B '98. 9300 Stewart, H.R. Newburgh-... '97. 3729 Stewart, J. K. '97. 25,001 18971 I^AMfi INDEX. tldoo Stewart, J. K '99. 14,463 19,546. '00. 15,876 „ S. B '98. 1773 Stohwasser, F. J '98. 12,719 '99. 12 947 Stone, J. O '97'. 18,'686 Strachan, J. M '00. 8173 Stuart, M '9S. 19,689 Stuppacb, E. G. Wurmbrand- '98. 23,340 Swaffield, N. A '97. 8521 Swales, F '95. 10,298 Swan, B. J '98.4:595 Tabernero, A '00. 145 Taunton, R. H '00. 20,843 Templer, C. F '98. 16,377 Thacker, R. E '97. 28,025 Thomas, A. G '98. 8938 „ E '98. 1302 „ J. E '98. 1302 Thompson, A. G '00. 19,413 „ W. P. ...'98. 22,245 '00 23,221 Thomson, E '00. 1821 „ J '99. 4578 Thorsen, G '99. 4096 Tildesley, W. H '99. 25,771 Toft, E '99. 19,335 Tranton, J '97. 7397 Treu, P. von '00. 5615 Tucker, P. M '00. 9897 Turle, H. G '00. 10,776 Turner, D. L '97. 17,923 „ H '97. 6789 S G '00. 5680 Veal, S. P '00. 16,510 Verity, H '00. 4344 Vinsot, E. A '98. 18,802 Virtue, W. W '99. 697 Voelker, A '00. 9143 Vollmann, W '97. 9441 Voss, C. J. F '97. 30,839 Walker, C. W...'99. 18,666. '00. 22,983 Wallace, J. H '00. 3172 Walley, J. S '00. 3279 Walter, W. M '99. 3288 Walton, H '97. 17,710 Wapshare, R '97. 16,491 Ward, C. H 00. 13,6l2 Waterhouse, D '97. 24,440 '99. 8087 Waugh, A. A '99. 7714 Webster, D, G '97. 7581 Weibezabl, H. G. ...'98. 23,994 Weidenbammer, G. M '97. 12,317 Wells, H. H '98. 18,ft01 Wendler, F '00. 13,988 West & Co '00. 13,961 West, C. A '00. 13,961 Wethered, E. R '98. 10,698 Wheway, S. B 'P.9. 18,984 Whiting, A. E '00. 18,473 Whitwortb, & Co.. Sir W. G. Armstrong '98. 27,114 Wigleswortb, W. ...'97. 23,596 Wikstrom, M.....'98. 8738. 8739 Williams, G. H '97. 17,077 17,078. 17,079 J 'gy, 19 258 Williamson, J.G. '.".".*... '9S. 8119 „ W. 0. ...'98. 8119 Willis, C '97. 17,259 Willmore, C. H '99. 4301 Wilson, E '98. 20,331 (J 'ggi 19 374 Wincer & 'Co'.,"g." '.'.'.' 00. 23',083 Wincer, C '99. 2054. '00. 23,083 „ T '00. 4581 Windsor, G. W '97. 29,818 Winter, G. B....'98. 12,719. '99. 12,947 Winterton, T '00. 11,131 Withers & Griffin ...'97. 29,086 Withers, S '97. 29,086 Wolcott, C. C '97. 14,998 Wolfstein, E '97. 11,459 Wood, A '99. 3288 „ J. R '98. 19,653 Woodcock, E '98. 7829 Woodford, H. G. ...'99. 15,981 WooUey, J '98. 3502 „ J. A '98. 16,718 Wright, J '97. 234 Wurmbrand - Stuppacb, E. G. '98. 23,340 Wyatt, S '99. 9826 Yorstoun, C. Carthew- .'98. 27,114 Young, J '99. 20,381 ERRATA. Page 15. In abridgment No. 18,324 after " Aug. 6 " add Right to Patent relinquished. „ 56. In abridgment No. 27,432 for " Fastening spurs " read " Spurs, fastening." In the volume of this Class foi' the period A.D. 1877-83 :— Under collars, neck add '77. 4289 and helow." Under fastening — delete girths '77. 393. 970 or,(? insert saddle girths '77. 393. 970, Page iv. Under collars, neck add '77. 4289 and delete "linings and padding. *See lining &c. helow." Under %2A