&L-

46)

VLAAMSE VERENIGING VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE

Afgiftekantoor 2170 Merksem 1 ISSN 0771-5277

Periode: juli - augustus - september 2013 Erkenningsnr. P209674

Redactie: Dr. J.-P. Borie (Compiègne, France), Dr. L De Bruyn (Antwerpen), T. C. Garrevoet
(Antwerpen), B. Goater (Chandlers Ford, England), Dr. K. Maes (Tervuren), Dr. K. Martens
(Brussel), H. van Oorschot (Leiden), W. O. De Prins (Leefdaal).

Redactie-adres: W. O. De Prins, Dorpstraat 401B, B-3061 Leefdaal (Belgium).
willy.deprins@gmail.com.

Jaargang 41, nummer 3
1 september 2013

Coleophora saponariella Heeger, 1848 - see page 69

Larsen K.: A new genus and two new species of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from the Canary Islands 50

Ayberk H.: The Arctiinae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) of Istanbul Belgrad Forest, Turkey 55

Troukens W.: Colydium elongatum (Coleoptera: Zopheridae) in België en in het omliggend gebied 58

Dils J.: Remarks on Conophorus heteropilosus (Diptera: Bombyliidae) 61

Koren T. & Stih A.: On the occurrence of Eastern knapweed fritillary, Melitaea ornata (Lepidoptera:

Nymphalidae) in Croatia 63

Raemdonck H.: Pyropterus nigroruber (Coleoptera: Lycidae) nu ook inheems in België 67

Snyers C., De Prins G., Baugnée J.-Y. & Vereecken N.: Coleophora saponariella (Lepidoptera:

Coleophoridae), a new species for the Belgian fauna 69

Tshikolovets, V.: Corrigendum 72

Boekbespreking 72

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 49

A new genus and two new species of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from the
Canary Islands

Knud Larsen

Abstract. In this paper the new genus Willibaldiana is described. The description of the new genus is based upon material
collected at the Island Fuerteventura, part of the archipelago of the Canary Islands, Spain. The material consists of two species
both of them new to Science. All the material is collected from the same light trap stationed at a summer house at the Southern
tip of Fuerteventura - Barranco Esquinzo, Jandia. It is rather remarkable to find two new species belonging to the same new
genus at the same locality. It is suggested that these taxa are belonging to very old Mediterranean taxa that have survived and
developed in the semi desert environment of Fuerteventura. The new genus is placed in Eucosmini after Clavigesta Obraztsov,
1946. The names of the two new species are Willibaldiana paasi n. sp. and Willibaldiana schmitzi n. sp. Holotypes and
paratypes are deposited in the author's collection.

Samenvatting. Een nieuw genus en twee nieuwe soorten Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) van de Canarische Eilanden
Het nieuwe genus Willibaldiana wordt beschreven, gebaseerd op materiaal verzameld op het eiland Fuerteventura, deel van de
Canarische Eilanden, en bestaand uit twee nieuwe soorten voor de wetenschap. Al het materiaal werd verzameld in een lichtval
die opgesteld staat in een buitenverblijf op de zuidelijke tip van Fuerteventura - Barranco Esquinzo, Jandia. Het is merkwaardig
dat twee nieuwe soorten uit een nieuw genus op dezelfde plaats worden gevonden. Er wordt verondersteld dat ze behoren tot
de oude Mediterrane taxa die zich aan de semi-woestijnomgeving van Fuerteventura hebben aangepast. Het nieuwe genus
wordt in de Eucosmini geplaatst net achter Clavigesta Obraztsov, 1946. De nieuwe soorten zijn: Willibaldiana paasi n. sp. en
Willibaldiana schmitzi n. sp. Holotypes en paratypes staan in de verzameling van de auteur.

Résumé. Un genre nouveau et deux espèces nouvelles de Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) des Tles Canaries
Le nouveau genre Willibaldiana est décrit d'après Ie matériel recueilli sur l'Tle de Fuerteventura, qui fait partie de l'archipel des
ïles Canaries. Ce matériel consiste en deux espèces nouvelles pour la Science et fut pris dans un piège lumineux dans la partie
méridionale de l'Tle de Fuerteventura - Barranco Esquinzo, Jandia. II est remarquable que deux espèces nouvelles appartenant
au même genre nouveau soient trouvées dans la même localité. On suppose qu'il s'agit de deux espèces appartenant aux vieux
taxa méditerranéens qui se sont adaptées aux conditions semi-désertiques de l'Tle de Fuerteventura. Le nouveau genre est
placé dans la tribu des Eucosmini juste après Clavigesta Obraztsov, 1846. Les deux nouvelles espèces sont: Willibaldiana paasi
n. sp. et Willibaldiana schmitzi n. sp. Les holotypes et les paratypes sont gardés dans la collection de l'auteur.

Key words. Willebaldiana paasi - schmitzi - Descriptions - Faunistics.

Larsen K.: Rdntoftevej 33, DK-2870 Dyssegaard, Denmark, knud.torts@gmail.com

Introduction

The fauna of Microlepidoptera of the Canary Islands,
especially the Tortricidae (Klimesch 1987) but also many
other groups, have been studied intensively even from
the middle of the 19th century. The composition of the
fauna is partly endemic and partly influenced by the
West African fauna and the South West European fauna.
The distance to Cap Juby in Morocco is only about 70 km
and thus the strong winds from the Sahara frequently
cause rather strong migratory activity on the Islands,
especially the easternmost islands Lanzarote and
Fuerteventura. Also the landscape on these islands has a
strong affinity with the landscape of Southern Morocco
and western Sahara consisting of dry rocky or sandy
coast and inland semi-desert and desert combined with
lower rocky or mountainous areas. As a consequence of
these geographical factors the level of endemism on the
eastern islands is lower than on the western islands
(Hacker & Schmitz 1996). Altogether more than 600
Lepidoptera are known from the islands and of these
about 200 are endemic (Baez 1998). The present paper
describes a new genus and two new species from the
island Fuerteventura. Whether those species are
endemic to the Island or they can be found elsewhere is
due to more profound field research in the neighbouring
biogeographically areas.

Both species have been found at the same locality at
the south tip Jandia on Fuerteventura. The material has
been given to me for investigation by the well-known
lepidopterist Willibald Schmitz (Bergisch Gladbach,
Germany), who has gathered a very large amount of
material from the Canary Islands, especially
Fuerteventura.

The author has studied the Tortricid fauna of the
Canary Islands during several decades and has been on
six collecting trips, including two trips to Fuerteventura,
searching these species at the locality in Jandia without
success. Species living in arid environments are so
dependent on occasional weather conditions that they
often just fly in short periods and not every year.
Because of the mild climate many Tortricid species can
be found around the year at the Canary Islands, which
also seems to be the fact for the two new species
presented here.

The new taxon Willibaldiana gen. n. is suggested to
belong to the Eucosmini tribe although molecular
examination could reveal other possible Solutions to the
position of the genus.

Terminology for pattern in forewing, venation and
genitalia follows Horak (1999, 2006), Razowski (2002,
2003) and Komai (1999). All material is deposited in the
private collection of Knud Larsen.

Phegea 41(3) 01.ix.2013: 50

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Systematics

Williboldiana new genus

Type species: Willibaldiana paasi new species

Description. (Figure 1) Labial palp two and a half the
diameter of the eye, whitish grey; second segment
strongly scaled, spatula shaped; head rough scaled with
white greyish tipped scales; antenna fasciculate black
and white ringed. Hind tibia whitish with more or less
strongly blackish rings narrower closer to the tip of tibia;
two pairs of rather long spurs. In hindwing vein M2 is
approaching basally to CuAl and M3 is missing.

Forewing with many fine costal strigula and a costal
fold reaching 2/5th of the length; at the tornal area there
is a reminiscence of a speculum where the outer line is
present but only with a very week line of leaden
glistening scales.

Male genitalia (Figure 4). Uncus very week, reduced;
socii rather broad, rounded; tegumen broad with slender
pedunculi; valva very small and rather weak with a bigger
rounded and hairy cucullus; at the dorsal edge of cucullus
three long pointed thorns growing in size to the corner of
cucullus; aedeagus long, narrow and tipped; it is more
strongly sclerotised towards the tip; vinculum strong.

Female genitalia (Figure 6). Papilla analis long and
hairy; apophyses rather week and short; ostium very
weekly developed or reduced; ductus bursa long,
strongly sclerotised from bursa to just before ostium,
where it is without sclerotisation and is narrowing; bursa
rounded with two small signa and a central area with
stronger wrinkles.

Abdomen (Figure 8, IV. schmitzi n. sp.) has strongly
sclerotised spiracles - one at each segment.

Etymology. The genus is named after my good friend
and provider of the specimens Willibald Schmitz.

Figs. 1-3. Imagines of Willibaldiana species. 1.- Willibaldiana paasi n. sp. 8 Spain: Fuerteventura; 2 - Willibaldiana schmitzi n. sp. 8 Spain:
Fuerteventura; 3.- 1/V. schmitzi n. sp. 8 Spain: Fuerteventura. (Photo K. Larsen).

Willibaldiana paasi Knud Larsen new species (Figs. 1,
4, 6)

Type material: Holotype male, Spain: Canary Islands,
Fuerteventura, Jandia/ Beo. [Barranco] Esquinzo 25.9-
19.10.[20]02, leg. Paas, genital slide 3857$ Knud Larsen,
coll. KL.

Paratypes: Spain: Canary Islands, Fuerteventura,
Jandia/ Beo. [Barranco] Esquinzo 1(5 83-8.4. [20]01 leg.
Paas, genital slide 2997(5' Knud Larsen; 1$ 23.7-
11.8.[20]02 leg. Paas, genital slide 3859$ Knud Larsen;
1(5 9. 3-10.4. (20]02 leg. Paas; 2(5 12-28.2. [20]03 leg
Paas; 1(5 4-12.3. [20]04 leg. Paas. Paratypes in coll. KL.

Diagnosis. The species differs from the other
Willibaldiana species by the much smaller size and the
more whitish/grey ground colour of the forewing. The
drawings are less stretched towards the tip of the wing
than in the preceding species. In the male genitalia the
species differs by having general smaller genitalia with
smaller thorns and the hairs on the cucullus are much
less pronounced; aedeagus is more tipped and shorter;
socii are bigger and the following species has a short
uncus. In the female genitalia the two signa are very
small and not funnel shaped. The sclerotised spiracles -

one in each segment of abdomen - are much smaller
than in the following species.

Description. Imago. (Figure 1) Wingspan 9-10 mm.
Antenna fasciculate, strongly ringed white and black.
Labial palp two and a half the diameter of the eye,
whitish grey; second segment strongly scaled, spatula
shaped; head rough scaled with white greyish tipped
scales. Hind tibia whitish with more or less strongly
blackish rings narrower closer to the tip of tibia; two
pairs of rather long spurs. In hindwing vein M2 is
approaching basally to CuAl and M3 is missing. Ground
colour whitish suffused with irregular dark areas and
spots and also powdered with very small orange-yellow
scales. The basal blotch is dark irregular defined followed
by a lighter area before some darker areas which are
reminiscent of the median fascia; apical fascia darker
irregular spotted. There is a reminiscence of a speculum
where just the outer line is present but only with a very
week line of leaden glistening scales and at the place for
the inner spot there is a bright area. At costa several
strigula dark and light and five of them are not divided.
Cilia are light grey with a dark dividing line. Hindwing is
light grey unicoloured and the fringes are without a
dividing line.

Male genitalia. See genus description.

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 51

Female genitalia. See genus description.

Biology. Only the flight data are known - February to
April and again July to August.

Distribution. The species is only known from the type
locality. All the specimens were taken in a light trap.

Etymology. The species is named after the kind
collector Dr. Paas, Germany.

V

4 5

Figs. 4-5. Genitalia of Willibaldiana species. 4.- Willibaldiana paasi n. sp. $ gen. slide 3857 KL; 5.- W. schmitzi n. sp. <$ gen. slide 3856 KL (Photo T.
Garrevoet).

Figs. 6-7. Genitalia of Willibaldiana species. 6.- Willibaldiana paasi n. sp. $ gen. slide 3859 KL; 7.- W. schmitzi n. sp. $ gen. slide 3858 KL. (Photo T.
Garrevoet).

Fig. 8 Abdomen of Willibaldiana n. genus, slide 3856 KL Willibaldiana schmitzi <$. (Photo T. Garrevoet).

Willibaldiana schmitzi Knud Larsen new species (Figs.
2, 3, 5, 7, 8)

Type material. Holotype Spain: Canary Islands,
Fuerteventura, Jandia/ Beo. (Barranco) Esquinzo, 25.9-

10.10.[20]02 leg. Paas, genital slide 3856(3' Knud Larsen
coll. KL.

Paratypes: Spain: Canary Islands, Fuerteventura,
Jandia/ Beo. (Barranco) Esquinzo, 1$ 1$ 1-19.4. [20]00
leg. Paas, genital slide 2892$ Knud Larsen; 1$ 3-

16.10. [20]00 leg Paas, genital slide 2891(3' Knud Larsen;
2<3' 1$ 7-8.2000 leg Paas, genital slide 3858$ Knud
Larsen; 2$ 10-29.9.[20]01 leg. Paas; 5$ 25.9-

10.10. [20]02 leg. Paas; 1$ 1.8-10.9.2005 & 1(3 15-
31.10.2005 leg. Paas. Paratypes in coll. KL.

Diagnosis. The species differs from the other
Willibaldiana species by the much larger size and the
light yellow ground colour of the forewing. The drawings

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 52

ISSN 0771-5277

are stretched towards the tip of the wing and the
markings are ochreous to brown. In the male genitalia
the species differs by having larger genitalia with many
thorns and hairs on the cucullus; aedeagus is longer and
slightly curved; socii are nearly absent and there is a
short uncus. In the female genitalia the two signa are
well developed, funnel shaped. The sclerotized spiracles
- one in each segment of abdomen - are pronounced (fig.
8).

Description. Imago. (Figures 2-3) Wingspan 14-15
mm. Antenna are fasciculate, conical ringed ochreous
and slightly darker brown. Labial palp twice the diameter
of the eye, whitish; second segment strongly scaled,
spatula shaped; head rough scaled and ochreous. Hind
tibia light ochreous with two pairs of rather long spurs. In
hindwing vein M2 is approaching basally to CuAl and M3
is missing. Ground colour light ochreous suffused with
irregular darker areas. The basal blotch is darker, angled
and with a subbasal interfascia; a week and interrupted
median fascia plus a postmedian fascia are both pointing
towards the tip of the wing. The terminal area irregularly
brown spotted and there is a reminiscence of a speculum
where the outer line is present but only with a very week
line of leaden glistening scales; the inner spot has many
scattered black scales and the inner line of speculum is
present as a white stretched dot. At costa several
ochreous strigula dark and light and four of them are not
divided, but can consist of several very fine strigula and a
costal fold reaching 2/5th of the length. Cilia are light
ochreous with a black dividing line interrupted in the
middle of the termen. Hindwing is light ochreous
unicoloured and the fringes are without a dividing line.

Male genitalia (Figure 5). Uncus small, flat and tipped;
socii very week, nearly not present; tegumen broad with
slender pedunculi; valva rather short and weak with a
rounded and strongly haired cucullus; at the dorsal edge
of cucullus three or more long pointed thorns as a part of
the area with thorns on cucullus; aedeagus long, equally
broad, rounded and weekly sclerotised; vinculum strong.

Female genitalia (Figure 7). Papilla analis triangular,
short and hairy; apophyses stronger and rather short;
ostium very weekly developed or reduced; subgenital
sternite is weak and excavated around ostium; ductus
bursa long, strongly sclerotised from bursa to just before
ostium, where it is without sclerotisation and is
narrowing; bursa rounded with two big funnel shaped
signa and some wrinkles near the bursa "neck".

Biology. Only the flight data are known - April and
again July to October.

Distribution. The species is only known from the type
locality. All the specimens were taken in a light trap.

Etymology. The species is named after my good friend
and provider of the specimens Willibald Schmitz.

Systematic position of Willibaldiana new
genus

From the first sight, some years ago, it was obvious
that these two species were new to Science, but the
genital characters made it very difficult to find out

whether they could be assigned to an already known
genus or whether a new genus should be established. It
was also very extreme to see that the two species
obviously belonged to the same genus in spite of the
differences in imagines, which later turned up to be
rather slight. It was only last year that I had the
possibility to make a slide of the female of W. paasi
which convinced me of the close relationship between
the two species.

The next question was to find out a reasonable
position of the new genus Willibaldiana. Many of the
characters in the genitalia seem to be less developed or
reduced. The basal excavations of the valva and the
single scale ring on the segments of the antenna, define
the genus into the family Olethreutinae. The opinion is
that the characters which follow define the genus to the
tribe Eucosmini:

1. The venation of the hindwing with M2
approaching basally to CuAl and M3 is missing.

2. The presence of socii, although "reduced", and
the slender pedunculi.

3. The shape of the signa in bursa.

4. The general drawings on the forewings, especially
with many costal strigula.

5. The presence of a speculum although reduced.

A character against this opinion is the shape of
aedeagus which is more like a Grapholitini, but as there
are some Eucosmini species with an aedeagus of this
type, e.g. Rhyacionia piniana (Herrich-Schaffer, 1851),
this factor should not dominate the ideas about the
taxonomie position. In fact the female genitalia of R.
piniana have some characters which have affinities to the
females of Willibaldiana, especially the reduced
characters in ostium, etc.

Now, the next question is to define the relationships
inside the tribe Eucosmini. To give a proper answer to
that question a molecular examination of the species
would be preferable, but that is beyond the scope of this
paper and beyond the scope of my possibilities. Thus the
decision can only be of preliminary character. As there
are some affinities with the genus Salsolicola Kuznetsov,
1960 both in imagines and male genitalia a relation to
this genus should be considered, but there are many
more differences. The genus Rhyacionia Hübner, 1825 is
very diverse in the Mediterranean area with one
endemic species in the Canary Islands (Rebel 1896) and
the sister group Clavigesta Obraztsov, 1946 (Larsen
2010) has its main evolutionary area in the
Mediterranean, and this genus also has reduced
characters (Obraztsov 1946) like the new genus. I would
not be surprised if a more close investigation would
reveal a common ancestor to these three genera. A
preliminary position of Willibaldiana is proposed to be
after the genus Clavigesta Obraztsov, 1946 as the last
genus in Eucosmini.

The number of Tortricidae found on the Canary
Islands is 48 (Aarvik 2013). With the two new species the
number increases to 50.

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 53

Acknowledgements

input to the discussion about these species. Willy De
Prins (Leefdaal, Belgium) has made the "samenvatting"
Theo Garrevoet (Antwerp, Belgium) has taken the and the "résumé" and helped with the manuscript. I am
photographs of the genital slides, which I appreciate very grateful to all the mentioned persons for their help.
much. Leif Aarvik (Oslo, Norway) has given invaluable

References

Aarvik L. E. 2013. Fauna Europaea: Tortricidae. - In: Karsholt O. & van Nieukerken E. J. (eds.) Fauna Europaea: Lepidoptera, Moths.

- Fauna Europaea, version bèta 2.6c. — www.faunaeur.org (accessed 22. ii. 2013).

Baez M. 1998. Mariposas de Canarias. — Madrid, 216 p.

Hacker H. & Schmitz W. 1996: Fauna und Biographie der Noctuidae des makaronesischen Archipels. — Esperiana 4: 167-221, pis. L—
O.

Horak M. 1999. The Tortricoidea. - In: Kristensen N. P. (ed.), Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies. Vol. 1: Evolution, Systematics and
Biogeography. Fiandbuch der Zoologie. Band IV, Teilband 35. — Berlin, New York. Chapter pagination: 199-215.

Horak M. 2006. Olethreutine Moths of Australia (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). — Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera 10: 1-522.
Klimesch J. 1987: Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Microlepidopteren-Fauna des Kanarischen Archipels. 9 Beitrag: Tortricidae, Cochylidae.

— Vieraea 17: 297-322.

Komai F. 1999. A taxonomie review of the genus Grapholita and allied genera (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the Palaearctic region. —
Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 55: 1-226.

Larsen K. 2010. The genus Clavigesta 'Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with description of two new species. — Phegea 38(2): 41-54.
Obraztsov N. 1946. Versuch einer systematischen Übersicht der europaischen Eucosmini-Gattungen (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). —
Zeitschrift der Wiener Entomologischen Gesellschaft 30: 20-47.

Razowski J. 2002. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) of Europe. Volume 1. Tortricinae and Chlidanotinae. — Bratislava, 247 p., 16 pis.

Razowski J. 2003. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) of Europe. Volume 2. Olethreutinae. — Bratislava, 301 p., 18 pis.

Rebel H. 1896. Dritter Beitrag zur Lepidopterenfauna der Canaren. — Annalen des k.k. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums XI: 102-148,
lpl.

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 54

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The Arctiinae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) of Istanbul Belgrad Forest, Turkey

Hamit Ayberk

Abstract. Istanbul-Belgrad Forest mainly is in the form of a deciduous forest, composed of various tree species and tall
shrubs. The study was conducted between the years of 2010 and 2011 in related area. The objectives of this study were to
investigate the Arctiinae fauna of the area. As a result of the study; a total of 13 species belonging to 3 tribes of the subfamily
Arctiinae are determined.

Samenvatting. De Arctiinae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) van Istanbul Belgrad Forest, Turkije
Het Istanbul Belgrad Forest is een hoofdzakeiijk een loofbos, samengesteld uit verschillende boomsoorten en grote struiken. De
studie werd uitgevoerd in 2010 en 2011 met als doel de Arctiinae fauna van dit gebied te inventariseren. In totaal werden 13
soorten, behorende tot 3 tribi waargenomen.

Résumé. Les Arctiinae (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) de la forêt d'lstanbul Belgrad, Turquie
La forêt d'lstanbul Belgrad consiste surtout en arbres a feuillage caduque et en arbustes. L'étude a été conduite en 2010 et
2011 et avait comme but d'inventorier la faune d'Arctiinae dans cette région. Au total, 13 espèces appartenant a 3 tribus ont
été signalées.

Key Words: Istanbul Belgrad Forest - Lepidoptera - Arctiinae fauna - Faunistics

Ayberk H.: Istanbul University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Entomology and Protection, Bahgeköy 34473, Istanbul-
Turkey. hayberk@istanbul.edu.tr

Introduction

Belgrad Forest corresponding to 0.03% of total
forested areas in Turkey covers an area of 5,444 ha.
Elevation in the area ranges front 40-230 m. The climate
of Belgrad Forest according to Thorthwaite classification
system is humid, mesothermal oceanic with a moderate
water deficit in summer. The soils are shallow to deep,
gravely, loamy clay in texture, rich in organic matter with
medium to good permeability rates. The area,
geographically, is on the Thracian side of Istanbul and

spreads over the part of the land encased by the
Bosporus on one side and the Black sea coastline on the
other. The forest mainly is in the form of a deciduous
forest, composed of various tree species and tall shrubs
(Figure 1). Dominant vegetation of the area includes
Quercus frainetto, Q. cerris and Fagus orientalis tree
species mixed with varying amounts of Acer campestre,
A. trautvetteri, Alnus glutinosa, Carpinus betulus,
Costanea sativa, Populus tremula, Sorbus torminalis and
Ulmus campestris with a normal crown closure (Yaltirik
1966, Kantarci 1980; Karaöz 1988).

Figure 1. Istanbul Belgrad
Forest, Turkey.

The Lepidoptera is the second largest single group of
similar organisms in the world (only the beetles,
Coleoptera, have more species) comprising an estimated

174,250 species in 126 families and 46 superfamilies
(Mallet 2007, Capinera 2008). According to Kogak &
Kemal (2009), 5,182 Lepidopteran species, belong to 76

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 55

families are recorded from Turkey. Butterflies constitute
only 11% of all lepidopteran species. In other words,
more than 89% of all of the scale-winged insects are
moths, not butterflies (Shields 1989). The larvae of most
species are phytophagous and some of them are very
serious pests on agricultural plants. On the other hand,
aesthetics play a significant role in butterfly importance
and adults of many species may serve as inspiration for
artists and designers (Borror et al. 1989).

The systematics of the Arctiinae are in need of
revision and depend significantiy on a personal view of
an author. In any case, Arctiinae (formerly Arctiidae) is a
monophyletic group with a clear autapomorphic
character — the presence of anal glands in the females.
On the other hand, this group bifurcated between
Catocalinae and Herminiinae. So, many specialists
downgraded the family Arctiidae to a subfamily of
Erebidae (Lafontaine & Fibiger 2006, Dubatolov 2010).
Arctiinae include the groups commonly known as tiger
moths (or tigers), which usually have bright colours,
footmen (which are usually much drabber), lichen moths
and wasp moths. Many species have 'hairy' caterpillars
which are popularly known as woolly bears or woolly
worms. Tiger moths are characterized by the presence of
tymbal organs on the metepisternum, sound producing
organs used as a defence against predatory bats (Scoble
1995).

Materials and Methods

The study was conducted between the years 2010
and 2011; the objectives of this study were to investigate
the Arctiinae fauna of Istanbul Belgrad Forest. After
collecting with sweep nets and light traps, each specimen
was put into a killing jar and brought to the laboratory
for preparation and identification. Specimens were
pinned using insect pins and they were mounted on
spreading boards. All specimens were stored according
to the conventional techniques for Lepidoptera (Steyskal
et al. 1986). Identifications were made mostly by
comparison with determined specimens from the
collection of the author and that of the Arthropod
Collection of the Forest Entomology and Protection
Department in Istanbul University, Faculty of Forestry.

Results

Although there were a lot of studies to determine the
Lepidoptera fauna of Turkey, they were mostly regionally
carried out and the complete faunistics list has not
definitely completed yet. For Belgrad Forest, a total of 13
species belonging to 3 tribes of the subfamily Arctiinae
are listed hereunder. The list is generated accordingly
with the systematics and nomenclature of Fauna
Europaea (Fibiger & Skule 2012).

Family: Erebidae
Subfamily: Arctiinae
Tribe: Arctiini

1. Arctia festiva (Hufnagel, 1766) - Collected on

15.06.2010

2. Arctia villica (Linnaeus, 1758) - Collected on

13.07.2010 and 02.08.2011

3. Coscinia striata (Linnaeus, 1758) - Collected on

30.06.2010

4. Euplagia quadripunctaria (Poda, 1761) -
Collected on 29.07.2010

5. Phragmatobia fuliginosa (Linnaeus, 1758) -
Collected on 25.07.2010, 27.07.2010, 07.08.2011 and

08.08.2011

6. Phragmatobia placida (Frivaldszky, 1835) -
Collected on 15.06. 2010 and 10.07.2011

7. Spilosoma lubricipeda (Linnaeus, 1758) -
Collected on 25.08.2011 and 26.08.2011

8. Spilosoma lutea (Hufnagel, 1766) - Coilected on
15.06.2010, 05.07.2010 and 17.07.2011

Tribe: Syntomini

9. Dysauxes famula (Freyer, 1836) - Collected on

03.08.2011

Tribe: Lithosiini

10. Eilema depressa (Esper, 1787) - Collected on

08.07.2010

11. Eilema lurideola (Zincken, 1817) - Collected on

10.08.2011

12. Eilema sororcula (Hufnagel, 1766) - Collected
on 15.08.2010

13. Miltochrista miniata (Forster, 1771) -

Collected on 15.06. 2010, 03.07.2011 and 15.07. 2011

References

Borror D. J., Triplehorn C. A. & Johnson N. F. 1989. An introduction to the study of insects. — New York, USA: Saunders College
Publishing.

Capinera J. L. 2008. Butterflies and moths. Encyclopedia of Entomology. — New York, USA: Springer publishing.

Dubatolov V. V. 2010. Tiger-moths of Eurasia (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) (Nyctemerini by R. de Vos & V. V. Dubatolov). — Neue
Entomologische Nachrichten 65: 1-106.

Fibiger M. & Skule B. 2012. Fauna Europaea. Family Erebidae. — In: Karsholt O., van Nieukerken E. J. & de Jong Y., Lepidoptera,
Moths. Fauna Europaea version 2.5. www.faunaeur.org.

Kantarci M. D. 1980. Untersuchungen über die Boden- und Standortkartierung im Belgrader Wald bei istanbul. — Istanbul, Turkey:
Istanbul University Press.

Karaöz M. Ö. 1988. Comparison of the certain edaphic and biomass characteristics of some coniferous and deciduous forest
ecosystems in Belgrad Forest near Istanbul. — Istanbul University Review of the Faculty of Forestry 38(1): 157-190.

Ko?ak A. Ö. & Kemal M 2009. Revised checklist of the Lepidoptera of Turkey. Ankara, Turkey. — Centre for Entomological Studies
(CESA) press.

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Lafontaine J. D. & Fibiger M 2006. Revised higher classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera). — Canadian entomologist 138:
610-635.

Mallet J. 2007. Taxonomy of Lepidoptera: the scale of the problem. The Lepidoptera Taxome Project. — London, University College
press.

Scoble M. J. 1995. The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity. — UK, Oxford University Press.

Shields 0. 1989. World number of butterflies. — Journal of Lepidopterists Society 43: 178-183.

Steyskal G. C., Murphy W. L. & Hoover E. M. 1986. Insects and Mites: Techniques for collection and preservation. — USA, United
States Department of Agriculture Publication.

Yaltirik F. 1966. Studies on the floral analysis of Belgrad Forest vegetation and the main formation. — Ankara, Turkey: General
Directorate of Forestry Press.

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 57

Colydium elongatum (Coleoptera: Zopheridae) in België en in het
omliggend gebied

Willy Troukens

Samenvatting. Sinds 1985 werden tientallen Colydium elongatum (Fabricius, 1787) verzameld in Vlaanderen, België.
Voordien was de soort onbekend in de Benelux. De uitbreiding van het areaal van deze soort werd ook vastgesteld in Zuid-
Engeland, in de Duitse Rijnvallei, in Noord-Frankrijk en Zuid-Nederland. Deze kever leeft onder losse schors van dood hout van
eik, beuk, berk en naaldbomen. Het is een predator van schorskevers zoals Scolytinae en Platypodinae, meer bepaald van
Platypus cylindrus (Fabricius, 1792).

Abstract. Colydium elongatum in Belgium and in the neighbouring countries (Coleoptera: Zopheridae)

Since 1985 tens of Colydium elongatum (Fabricus, 1787) were collected in Flanders, Belgium. Before that time this species was
unknown in the Benelux. The extending of its territory has also been established in South-England, in the German Rhine valley,
in the North of France and in the South of The Netherlands. This beetle lives under loose bark of dead wood of oak, beech,
birch and coniferous trees. It is a predator of bark beetles such as Scolytinae and Platypodinae, more especially of Platypus
cylindrus (Fabricus, 1792).

Résumé. Colydium elongatum en Belgique et dans les régions limitrophes (Coleoptera: Zopheridae)

Depuis 1985 des dizaines d'exemplaires de Colydium elongatum (Fabricus, 1787) furent signalés en Flandre (Belgique). Avant
cette période l'espèce était inconnue au Benelux. Depuis lors l'extension de son habitat a été remarquée aussi dans Ie Sud de
l'Angleterre, dans la vallée du Rhin en Allemagne, dans Ie Nord de la France, et dans Ie Sud des Pays-Bas. Ce coléoptère vit sous
l'écorce détachée du chêne, du hêtre, du bouleau et des conifères. C'est un prédateur des Scolytinae et des Platypodinae,
surtout de Platypus cylindrus (Fabricus, 1792).

Zuzammenfassung. Colydium elongatum in Belgien und in den Nachbarlandern (Coleoptera: Zopheridae)

Seit 1985 sind viele Exemplare von Colydium elongatum (Fabricus, 1787) gesammelt worden in Flandern, Belgien. Vorher war
diese Art unbekannt im Benelux. Die Ausdehnung ihres Areal ist auch beobachtet in Süd England, im Deutschen Rheintal, in
Nord Frankreich und im Süden von die Niederlande. Die Kafer leben im toten Holz verschiedener Laubgehölzer wie Eichen,
Rotbuchen, Birken, und seltener in Koniferen wo man sie kann finden unter lockerer Rinde und in den Gangen von Borkenkafer.
Sie sind Karnivoren und jagen auf Scolytinae und Platypodinae, insbesondere auf Platypus cylindrus (Fabricius, 1792).

Key words: Colydium elongatum - Zopheridae - Colydiinae - Faunistics - Belgium - Records since 1985.

Troukens, W.: Ninoofsesteenweg 782/8, B-1070 Anderlecht. nicole.sengier@skynet.be

Inleiding

Op 21.viii.2011 vond ik in mijn kleine Heath-val te
Dilbeek (VB) een opvallend slank, bruinzwart kevertje dat
mij even deed denken aan een klein kortschildkevertje
(Staphylinidae). Bij nader onderzoek bleek het te gaan
om Colydium elongatum (Fabricus, 1787), een xylobiont
kevertje, behorende tot de familie der Zopheridae (=
Colydiidae).

Het kevertje is 6 mm lang (fig. 1). Het halsschild is VA
keer langer dan breed met in het midden een duidelijke
lengtegroef en aan beide zijden een lengtestreep. De
dekschilden zijn elk voorzien van 3 lengteribben met
tussenin telkens 2 stippelrijen. Poten en sprieten zijn
bruin. Kenmerkend voor de 11-ledige sprieten is de 3-
ledige eindknots.

C. elongatum in België

Volgens Dajoz (1977: 40-41) en Slipinski (2012) komt
C. elongatum voor in de meeste Europese landen. Tot
voor kort was hij in de Benelux echter quasi onbekend. In
de kevercollecties van het KBIN te Brussel is geen enkel
Belgisch exemplaar aanwezig. In de rijke collectie van
wijlen F. Guilleaume ontdekte ik niettemin één
exemplaar, maar jammer genoeg zonder
datumgegevens. F. Guilleaume prospecteerde meestal in
de streek rond Liège in de jaren 1900-1920. Mogelijk

gaat het hier om het enige Belgische exemplaar dat
volgens Horion (1961: 91) gevangen werd in 1856,
evenwel zonder vermelding van een vindplaats.

Fig. 1. Colydium elongatum (Fabricus, 1787), Dilbeek, 21.viii.2011

Pas op het einde van de vorige eeuw deed C.
elongatum succesvolle pogingen om vooral de Vlaamse

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 58

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provincies te koloniseren. Op 25. iv. 1985 ontdekte René
Pletinck 5 exemplaren te Hamme Sint-Anna (OV) onder
de schors van geïmporteerd eikenhout, afkomstig uit de
omgeving van Vierzon (Frankrijk). Het gaat hier duidelijk
om adventieven. Maar te Zemst zag Roland Deledicque
op l.viii.1992 1 exemplaar lopen op een beukenstronk en
dat is het begin van een lange reeks waarnemingen, met
name in de volgende lokaliteiten (fig. 2): in 2000 te
Nevele-Merendree (OV); in 2003 te Kortessem (LI),
Meeuwen-Gruitrode (LI) en Wingene (WV); in 2004 te
Dilsen-Stokkem (LI) en Hechtel-Eksel (LI); in 2005 te
Heusden-Zolder (LI); in 2006 te Voeren (LI); in 2007 te
Maaseik (LI) en Stabroek (AN); in 2008 te Diest (VB) en
Genk (LI); in 2009 te Tongeren (LI), Waarschoot (OV) en
Watermaal-Bosvoorde (HGB); in 2010 te Hoeselt (LI) en
opnieuw te Waarschoot (OV); in 2011 te Dilbeek (VB) en
Houthalen-Helchteren (LI). Er valt niet aan te twijfelen: C.
elongatum is een vast bestanddeel geworden van onze
keverfauna.

Fig. 2. Vindplaatsen van Colydium elongatum (Fabricus, 1787) in België
sinds 1985.

C. elongatum in onze buurlanden

In Nederland was C. elongatum in 1966 nog
onbekend (Brakman 166: 125). Tijdens een onderzoek in
het Bovenste Bosch te Epen (Ned. Limburg) werd op
2.vi.l991 onder de schors van een dode zomereik een
groot aantal kevers verzameld. Hiertussen bleek één
exemplaar te zitten van C. elongatum (Vorst 1994: 23-
25). De vangst van een exemplaar op 30.V.2006 in het
nabijgelegen Veursbos te Voeren (België) toont aan dat
het kevertje zich hier in het grensgebied thuisvoelt.
Daarna is de soort ook ontdekt in Noord-Brabant (NL), nl.
3 exemplaren te Hilvarenbeek op 15.iv.2004 in het
domein Ananina's Rust (leg. Hans Heerkens).

In Groot-Brittannië was C. elongatum vroeger zeer
zeldzaam. Dajoz (1977: 40-41) vermeldt hem alleen voor
het graafschap Hampshire. In Zuid-Engeland blijkt de
soort zich de laatste decaden snel uit te breiden. Het
areaal bestrijkt nu al 6 zuidelijke graafschappen. In het
graafschap Surrey waren tot 1970 geen vondsten bekend
terwijl de soort er tegenwoordig algemeen voorkomt
(Reissmann 2002: 17-26). Ook ten noorden van London,
in het Northaw Great Wood, in het graafschap

Hertfordshire, is C. elongatum onlangs aangetroffen: op
14.vi.2012 en op 20.vi.2012, telkens 1 exemplaar op
dood berkenhout (MacGee 2012: 8).

In Duitsland wordt C. elongatum beschouwd als niet
gewoon. In het oosten schijnt hij algemener voor te
komen. Naar het zuiden en het westen toe wordt hij
duidelijk zeldzamer. Uit de Rijnvallei waren tot voor kort
alleen vondsten bekend uit Süd Hessen en Nordbaden
(Riessmann 2002: 17-26). Maar recent werd de soort
ook aangetroffen in de deelstaten Nordrhein-Westfalen
en Rheinland-Pfalz. Het begon met de vangst van een
exemplaar op 4.viii.2001 in een dode eik in het
Diersfordter Wald nabij de stad Wesel. In 2002 en 2003
volgden nieuwe vondsten in hetzelfde gebied, maar nu
op 3 verschillende plaatsen (Riessmann 2002: 17-26,
2003: 67-70). In 2003 werden ook 14 exemplaren
verzameld in de omgeving van Krefeld door A. Müller
(Riessmann 2003: 67-70). Meer zuidelijk langs de Saar in
Rheinland-Pfalz, ontdekte S. Scharf in 1996 nog 5
exemplaren in het plaatsje Taben. In Hessen, even ten
noorden van Mannheim, meldt Riessmann (2002: 17-26,
2003: 67-70) in 2002 en 2003 nog tientallen vondsten in
het Lampertheimer Wald. Tijdens een prospectietocht op
27 en 28. v. 2003 werden aldaar zo maar even 40

exemplaren geteld.

In Frankrijk komt C. elongatum vrij algemeen voor ten
zuiden van de lijn Nantes-Compiègne (Dajoz 1977: 40-
41). Onze collega, Jean-Claude Bocquillon, weet te
vertellen dat de kever in de bossen langsheen deze
fictieve grenslijn tegenwoordig veel wordt opgemerkt.
Brocquillon vindt de kever ook regelmatig in zijn
lichtvallen in verschillende bossen ten noorden van
Parijs. Hij denkt dat de genoemde grenslijn van Dajoz de
laatste decaden al ruim noordwaarts is opgeschoven,
dankzij een resem bosgebieden die zich uitstrekken tot
aan de Belgische grens.

Levenswijze

C. elongatum leeft in lichte bossen met loof- en
naaldhout, alsook in bosranden en in parken (Möller et
al. 2006: 138). Men vindt hem vooral van april tot
augustus op of onder losse schors van dode beuken,
eiken, berken en naaldbomen. De kevers gaan gericht op
zoek naar bomen die één of twee jaar dood zijn en waar
ze jacht maken op Scolytinae en Platypodinae. In
Engeland wordt C. elongatum ook veel gevonden in
gangen van Platypus cylindrus (Fabricus, 1793). Het is
opvallend dat de snelle verspreiding van C. elongatum in
Zuid-Engeland een gevolg blijkt te zijn van de eerdere
expansie van P. cylindrus (Riessmann 2002: 17-26).
Misschien is dat ook het geval in België.

Besluit

Alhoewel het areaal van C. elongatum in Benelux zich
voorlopig beperkt tot Vlaanderen, kan verwacht worden
dat de soort zich verder zal verspreiden. In de bosbouw
en in parken kan dit kevertje een nuttige rol gaan spelen
om de populaties van hout- en schorskevers wat in toom
te houden.

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 59

Dankwoord

Dit artikel kon geschreven worden dankzij gegevens
en informatiebronnen, mij vriendelijke bezorgd door de
volgende personen: Jean-Claude Bosquillon (Chantilly, F),
Guido Bonamie (Nevele-Merendree), Jean-David

Chapelin-Viscardi (Muséum des Sciences naturelles,
Orléans, F), Luc Crevecoeur (Genk), Roland Deledicque
(Laken-Brussel), Alain Drumont (KBIN, Brussel), Mare
Lodewijckx (Stabroek), René Pletinck (Hamme), Hugo
Raemdonck (Jette) en Oscar Vorst (Utrecht, NL). Hartelijk
dank!

Bibliografie

Brakman, P.J. 1966 Lijst van Coleoptera uit Nederland en het omliggend gebied. — Monografieën van de Nederlandsche
Entomologische Vereeniging 2. Amsterdam.

Dajoz R. 1977. Coleoptères Colydiidae et Anommatidae paléarctiques. - Ed. Masson, Paris.

Horion, A. 1961. Faunistik der Mitteleuropaischen Kafer. Band 8. Clavicornia , 2. Teil. Teredilia, Coccinellidae. - Uberlingen.

MacGee, K. 2012. Notable Coleoptera recently recorded in Hertfordshire. — Beetle News 4.2: 5-8.

Möller G., Grube R. & Wachmann E. 2006. Der Fauna Kaferführer 1. Kafer im und am Wald. - Fauna Verlag, Nottuln.

Riessmann, K. 2002. Colydium elongatum Fabricus 1787, Neufund für Nordrhein (Insecta, Coleoptera, Colydiidae). - COLEO,
Arbeiten und Berichte aus der Coleopterologie, Radevormwald 3: 17-26.

Riessmann, K. 2003. Colydium elongatum Fabricus 1787, weitere Funde aus Nordrhein (Insecta, Coleoptera, Colydiidae). - COLEO,
Arbeiten und Berichte aus der Coleopterologie, Radevormwald 3: 67-70.

Slipinski, A. S. 2012. Fauna Europaea. Zopheridae. — In: Audisio, P. (ed.). Fauna Europaea, Coleoptera. Version 2.5.
www.faunaeur.org.

Vorst, O. 1994. Colydium elongatum nieuw voor de Nederlandse fauna (Coleoptera: Colydiidae). - Entomologische Berichten,
Amsterdam 54(2): 23-25.

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Remarks on Conophorus heteropilosus (Diptera: Bombyliidae)

Jos Dils

Abstract. Comparison of the original descriptions and examination of the holotype of Conophorus mauritanicus Bigot, 1892
have revealed that Conophorus heteropilosus Timon-David, 1952 is a junior subjective synonym of C. mauritanicus Bigot, 1892.

Samenvatting. Bemerkingen over Conophorus heteropilosus (Diptera: Bombyliidae)

Vergelijking van de originele beschrijvingen en studie van het holotype van Conophorus mauritanicus Bigot, 1892 hebben
aangetoond dat Conophorus heteropilosus Timon-David, 1952 een jonger, subjectief synoniem is van C. mauritanicus Bigot,
1892.

Résumé. Remarques sur Conophorus heteropilosus (Diptera: Bombyliidae)

La comparaison des descriptions originales et l'examen de l'holotype de Conophorus mauritanicus Bigot, 1892 ont montré que
Conophorus heteropilosus Timon-David, 1952 est un synonyme subjectif, plus récent de C. mauritanicus Bigot, 1892.

Key words: Conophorus heteropilosus - Conophorus mauritanicus - New synonymy.

Dils, J.: Krekelberg 149, B- 2940 Hoevenen. jos.dils@skynet.be

The status of Conophorus heteropilosus
Timon-David, 1952

In the description of Conophorus heteropilosus,
Timon-David (1952) compares this new species with
Conophorus mauritanicus Bigot, 1892. Basically, the
description of C. heteropilosus is based only on the
colour of the hairs on the inner underside of the scape:
"Espèce tres voisine de Conophorus mauritanicus Bigot,
1892, de Tunisie ; s' en distingue essentiellement par la
présence de soies jaune d'or sur les articles 1 et 2 de I'
antenne". Unfortunately, the whereabouts of the
personal collection of the late Jean Timon-David could
not be retrieved.

Fig. 1. Holotype of Conophorus mauritanicus Bigot, 1892, Algeria, leg.
Sériziat, University Museum, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
(Photograph A. Pont).

Bigot (1892: 360-361), in the original description of
Conophorus mauritanicus Bigot, 1892, writes about the
hairs on the antennae: "Antennis nigris, basis, cinereo
pruinosis et longe nigro pilosis" translated in French in
the same paper: "Antennes noires, Ie Ier segment
couvert d'une pruinosité grise, et garni de longs poils
noirs mélangés de gris". The addition "mélangés de gris"
is confusing, and is not present in the original Latin
description.

Engel (1932-1937) follows the original Latin
description of Bigot: "Das 1ste und 2de Fühlerglied,
Bestaubung mit schwacher graugelber Bestaubung und
ausschliesslich schwarzen Haaren".

The holotype (Fig. 1) of Conophorus mauritanicus
Bigot, 1892, Algeria, leg. Sériziat, was deposited in the
University Museum, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
(Evenhuis & Greathead 1999), and examined, on my
request to Amoret Spooner, by the university honorary
associate, Dr. Adrian Pont, who wrote the following:
"Scape with golden hairs amongst the black ones on
dorsal surface and elsewhere, and a few golden ones also
on pedicel, from this I can only conclude that the two
species are indeed the same".

Fig. 2. Holotype of Conophorus mauritanicus Bigot, 1892, detail of
antennae showing mixed black and ochreous hairs, University Museum,
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (Photograph A. Pont).

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 61

The specimen is in good condition and also the
photographs send to me by Mr. D. J. Gibbs revealed that
the scape, very clearly, has long stiff yellow/golden hairs
mixed with the black ones on the lower inside surfaces
(Fig. 2).

We collected C. mauritanicus and/or C. heteropilosus
in several localities in Morocco, including the type
locality of C. heteropilosus and more to the North East
near Mrirt close to the Algerian border. We noticed that
within the same colony, some specimens have the black
hairs on the inner underside of the scape intermingled
with a few and other specimens with a considerable
amount of golden-yellow hairs.

Considering that the holotype of Conophorus
mauritanicus Bigot, 1892 in Oxford also bares yellow-
golden hairs on the inner underside of the scape and that
Bigot himself, in his French translation writes "de longs

poils noirs mélangés de gris" indicates that Conophorus
mauritanicus Bigot, 1892 is a variable species and
therefore, the distinction of C. heteropilosus, based on
this character alone (Timon-David 1952) does not hold
any longer. As other distinctive characters are also
absent, we have to conclude that Conophorus
heteropilosus Timon-David, 1952 is a junior subjective
synonym of Conophorus mauritanicus Bigot, 1892.

Acknowledgment

I wish to thank David J. Gibbs, Mr. Amoret Spooner
and Dr. Adrian Pont for their kind assistance and the
good photographs.

References

Timon-David J. 1952. Contribution a la connaissance de la faune entomologique du Maroc. Diptera: Asilidae, Bombyliidae,
Nemestrinidae et Syrphidae. — Bulletin de la Société des Sciences naturelles du Maroc 31: 131-148.

Bigot J. M. F. 1892. Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 37e partie. XLVI Bombylidi (mihi) lre partie. — Annales de la Société
entomologique de France 61: 321-376.

Engel E. O. 1932-1937. Bombyliidae. - in Lindner E. (ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearctischen Region, 4(3): 1-48. — E. Schweizerbart,
Stuttgart.

Evenhuys L. N. & Greathead D. J. 1999: World Catalog of Bee Flies ( Diptera : Bombyliidae). — Backhuys Publishers, Leiden
Netherlands.

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On the occurrence of Eastern knapweed fritillary, Melitaea ornata
(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Croatia

Toni Koren & Ana Stih

Abstract. The occurrence of Melitaea ornata Christoph, 1893 is confirmed for Croatia. The species was recorded in six
localities in different regions of the country. All records originate from mountain areas or areas with strong mountain influence.
Also, all specimens were recorded in May, which indicates the univoltism of this species.

Samenvatting. Over het voorkomen van Melitaea ornata (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Kroatië
Melitaea ornata Christoph, 1893 wordt hiervoor het eerst uit Kroatië vermeld. De soort werd er vastgesteld in zes lokaliteiten,
vooral uit bergstreken of uit gebieden dichtbij bergen. Alle exemplaren werden in mei waargenomen, wat duidt op slechts één
generatie per jaar.

Résumé. De la présence de Melitaea ornata (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) en Croatie
Melitaea ornata Christoph, 1893 est mentionnée ici pour la première fois de Croatie. L'espèce a été trouvée dans six localités
dans ce pays, dans des montagnes ou des régions montagneuses. Tous les exemplaires ont été trouvés en mai, ce qui indique
l'univoltinisme de cette espèce.

Key words: Melitaea ornata - Croatia - distribution - new records.

Koren T.: University of Primorska, Science and Research Centre, Institute for Biodiversity Studies, SI-6310 Izola, Giordana Bruna
6, Slovenia, E-mail: koren.tonil@gmail.com

Stih A.: Croatian Herpetological Society - Hyla, Prva Breznicka 5a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Introduction

The genus Melitaea comprises of about 65 small to
medium sized butterfly species distributed widely across
the Palearctic region (Leneveu et al. 2009). In Europe 15
species of the genus Melitaea occur (Van Swaay et al.
2010), of which eight are present in Croatia (Sasic &
Mihoci 2011). In most cases, the European
representatives of this genus have clearly visible external
morphological characteristics and they can be easily
distinguished from each other (Tolman & Lewington

2008). However, for some species complexes, like that of
Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775), Melitaea aurelia
(Nickerl, 1850) and Melitaea britomartis Assmann, 1847,
an analysis of the genitalia is crucial for a correct
Identification (Koren & Jugovic 2012).

Another problematic species complex of the same
genus is that of Melitaea phoebe (Denis & Schiffermüller,
1775). The nominate species, M. phoebe, is distributed
from North Africa, across Europe, Turkey, and the Middle
East towards Mongolia and China (Tolman & Lewington

2008) . Recently, many subspecies of this M. phoebe from
Europe and Asia were recognized as separate species,
according to their common ecological characteristics,
including their univoltism, the red head capsule of L4
larvae and the preference to Cirsium or Centaurea host-
plants (Tóth & Varga 2010). At first, some subspecies
were assigned to Melitaea telona Fruhstorfer, 1908 (Tóth
& Varga 2010), which later proved to be conspecific with
Melitaea ornata Christoph, 1893, which is now the
accepted name (Jaksic 2011, Tóth & Varga 2011, Tóth et
al. 2013). The species status was proven by genital
morphometry (Tóth & Varga 2011) and on the basis of
mitochondrial and two nuclear genes (Leneveu et al.

2009) . The current knowledge about the distribution of
this species includes the Southern part of the Italian
peninsula, the Balkans, Hungary, Greece, Turkey and
localized records in parts of western Asia (Tóth et al.

2012). Among the subspecies which were attributed to
M. ornata is also Melitaea phoebe nigrogyia Verity, 1938
described from Opatija (Croatia) but only on the base of
the literature description of the species (Tóth & Varga

2010). The presence of M. ornata in Croatia was also
shown in the recent paper dealing with the current
distribution (Tóth et al. 2012). In the paper, there are
three points on the map showing the territory of Croatia,
but its presence there was not addressed, and it is not
known if the points originate from the literature or they
represent new records (Tóth et al. 2012). Also, this
species was not listed in the recent checklist of
butterflies of Croatia (Sasic & Mihoci 2011). The aim of
this paper is to report the new record of M. ornata for
the territory of Croatia, and confirm its occurrence in the
country.

Materials and methods

During the year 2012 we did an intensive survey of
the butterfly fauna of Croatia. During that period special
attention was given to the M. phoebe species complex.
The specimens were collected with an entomological net
and stored in a private butterfly collection (Koren in
Pazin, Croatia). For each specimen basic data about the
habitat were noted, as well as the geographic
coordinates. Coordinates were taken using a Garmin e-
Trex Vista device. Additionally, specimens from the first
author's collection, collected between the years 2002-
2011, were included in the analysis. The determination of
the collected specimens was done using the
determination key presented in Tóth & Varga (2011). To
confirm the correct determination, genital slides were
prepared using the Standard preparation method, similar
to that given by Tóth & Varga (2011). The abdomen of
fresh specimens was cut, and left overnight in a 10% KOH
solution. After that the genitalia were cleaned, mounted
in Euparal and photographed.

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 63

Results and discussion

From all collected specimens only six individuals had
the external characteristics according to which they
could be identified as M. ornata. Localities in which the
specimens were collected are shown in Fig. 1 and listed
here:

1. Mt. Ucka, Vela Ucka, Istria, dry karstic grassland,
45.305554, 14.205031, 30.V.2002.

2. Gorjani Sutinski, near the church Sv. Jakob, Mt.

Strahinscica, wet meadow, 46.177722, 15.947750,

20. v. 2012.

3. 1200 m E from Gorjani Sutinski, Mt. Strahinscica,
wet meadow, 46.180250, 15.964833, 20.V.2012.

4. Vugrovec, Mt. Medvednica, wet meadow,
45.874578, 16.108326, 24.V.2010.

5. Zrmanja Vrelo, Zrmanja river, wet meadows 1
km south from the river spring, 44.203035, 16.070720,
l.v.2012.

6. Road toward village Velji Do, Mt. Snijeznica, dry
karstic grassland, 42.550942, 18.354265, 2.V.2012.

Fig. 1. Distribution of M.
ornata in Croatia.

1. Mt. Ucka, Vela Ucka,

2. Gorjani Sutinski, near the
church Sv. Jakob, Mt.
Strahinscica,

3. 1200m E from Gorjani
Sutinski, Mt. Strahinscica,

4. Vugrovec, Mt. Medvednica,

5. Zrmanja Vrelo, wet
meadows 1 km south from the
river spring,

6. Road towards village Velji
Do, Mt. Snijeznica.

There are several external characteristic on which it is
possible to distinguish adults of M. ornata from M.
phoebe (Fig. 2): the triangular shaped lunules on the
underside of the fore-wing; the disconnected, triangular
shaped lunules in the marginal region of the hind-wing;
the broader and elliptic antennal club (Tóth & Varga
2011). The most important difference between male
genitalia of M. phoebe and M. ornata is the depth of the
central notch of the saccus in M. ornata (Fig. 3), as well
as the more symmetrie shape of the posterior processes
(Tóth & Varga 2010). With all these in mind we can
conclude that the collected specimens belong to M.
ornata rather than M. phoebe. Three specimens
collected in the year 2012, as well as three specimens
from the private collection, were determined as M.
ornata. In the same localities more specimens of M.

phoebe were observed and collected, which shows that
these two similar species are sympatric in the area.

Ecology

All specimens were collected in May, which is in
agreement with the univoltine appearance of M. ornata
in comparison with M. phoebe (Tóth & Varga 2010). Five
records were recorded in a mountain zone (Mt. Ucka,
Mt. Medvednica, Mt. Strahinscica and Mt. Snijeznica),
while the record from Zrmanja Vrelo can also be
considered as such. The area of Zrmanja spring is under
an interesting climatic inversion, which allows some
butterflies species, which are usually present on higher
altitudes, to live there (Koren et al. 2011). All the
specimens, except the ones from Mt. Ucka and Mt.
Snijeznica were collected in wet meadows.

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 64

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Fig. 2. M. ornata Christoph;
1893 from Mt. Strahinscica,
Croatia.

Fig. 3. Malegenitalia of
Melitaea ornata Christoph,
1893 from Mt. Strahinscica,
Croatia.

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 65

Distribution in Croatia

Our data show that M. ornata is present in almost
whole Croatia. Records originate from Istria, toward Mt.
Medvednica and northern Croatia. The record from
Zrmanja lies on the border between Lika and Dalmatia,
while the record from Mt. Snijeznica belongs to the
Southern Dalmatia. The occurrence of this species in
Croatia was previously noted only on the distribution
map in Tóth et al. (2013) but without any mention of
their origin, or with any exact locality. In the light of that.

our records are the first exact findings of this species in
Croatia.

Conclusions

The distribution of the Eastern knapweed fritillary in
Croatia is still far from known. Our records indicate that
the species is present in the whole country, but probably
is more common in the mountainous areas. More
records of this species in Croatia, as well as in
neighbouring areas are to be expected in the future.
With this record, the butterfly fauna of Croatia consists
of 196 species (Sasic & Mihoci 2012).

References

Jaksic P. 2011. Butterfly species (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) new to the Serbian fauna. — Biologica Nyssana 2(1):
45-50.

Koren T., Bjelic M., Bozinovska E., Stih A. & Buric I. 2011. Contribution to the knowledge of butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera:
Rhopalocera) of Zrmanja River region, Croatia. — Acta Entomologica Slovenica 19(2): 155-168.

Koren T. & Jugovic J. 2012. New data on the presence of three similar species of the genus Melitaea : M. athalia, M. aurelia and M.
britomartis (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the north-western Balkans. — Annales, Series Historia Naturalis 22(1): 25-31.

Leneveu J., Chichvarkhin A. & Wahlberg N. 2009. Varying rates of diversification in the genus Melitaea (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
during the past 20 million years. — Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 97: 346-361.

Sasic M. & Mihoci I. 2011. Annotated checklist of Croatian butterflies with vernacular names. — Natura Croatica 20(2): 425-436.

Tolman T. & Lewington R. 2008. Butterflies ofBritain & Europe. — Harper Collins Publishers, London, 384 p.

Tóth J. P. & Varga Z. 2010. Morphometric study on the genitalia of sibling species Melitaea phoebe and M. telona (Lepidoptera:
Nymphalidae). — Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 56: 273-282.

Tóth J. P. & Varga Z. 2011. Inter- and intraspecific variation in the genitalia of the 'Melitaea phoebe group' (Lepidoptera,
Nymphalidae). — Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology 250: 258-268.

Tóth J. P., Varga K., Végvari Zs. & Varga Z. 2013. Distribution of the Eastern knapweed fritillary ( Melitaea ornata Christoph, 1893)
(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): past, present and future. — Journal of Insect Conservation 17(2): 245-255.

Van Swaay C., Cuttelod A., Collins S., Maes D., Lopez Munguira M., Sasic M., Settele J., Verovnik R., Verstrael T., Warren M.,
Wiemers M. & Wynhof I. 2010. European Red List of Butterflies. — Luxembourg: Publications Office of the Europaean Union.

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 66

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Pyropterus nigroruber (Coleoptera: Lycidae) nu ook inheems in België

Hugo Raemdonck

Samenvatting. Pterophorus nigroruber (De Geer, 1774) wordt hier voor het eerst uit België en de Benelux vermeld. De
eerste waarneming vond plaats op 15 juni 2003 te Daverdisse (LX), leg. Y. Thieren. Nadien raakten 17 exemplaren bekend uit 4
vindplaatsen in Luik en Luxemburg. De larve van P. nigroruber leeft carnivoor op allerlei insecten en hun larven.

Abstract. Pyropterus nigroruber (Coleoptera: Lycidae) new to the Belgian list
Pterophorus nigroruber (De Geer, 1774) is recorded here for the first time from the Belgian fauna and from the Benelux. The
species was first observed on 15 June 2003 at Daverdisse (LX), leg. Y. Thieren. Until now, 17 specimens from 4 localities in LG
and LX became known. The larva of P. nigroruber lives carnivorous on several other insects and their larvae.

Résumé. Pyropterus nigroruber (Coleoptera: Lycidae) espèce nouvelle pour la faune beige
Pterophorus nigroruber (De Geer, 1774) est mentionné ici pour la première fois de Belgique et du Benelux. Le premier
exemplaire fut observé a Daverdisse (LX) le 15 juin 2003 par Y. Thieren. Jusqu'a maintenant, 17 exemplaires furent trouvés dans
4 localités des provinces de Liège et du Luxembourg. La larve de P. nigroruber est un carnivore qui se nourrit d'autres insectes
et de leurs larves.

Key words: Pyropterus nigroruber - Coleoptera - Belgium - Faunistics - New record.

Raemdonck H.: Walenstraat 41,B-1090 Jette. hugo.raemdonck@chello.be

Tijdens een wandeling te Daverdisse (LX) op
24/07/2012, tussen 2 regenbuien in, kwam ik een zeer
oude, vermolde houtstapel tegen, en ik kon de verleiding
niet weerstaan om enkele houtblokken om te draaien.
Tot mijn grote verbazing zag ik een rood kevertje zitten.
Ik dacht meteen aan Platycis minutus (Fabricius, 1787).
Deze had ik een tweetal weken terug van een bevriend
entomoloog gekregen en nu had ik eindelijk de soort zelf
ook eens gevangen. Na de vakantie en onder de
microscoop werd mij duidelijk dat dit geen Platycis
minutus was (dit exemplaar had geen gekleurd uiteinde
aan de antennes). Na wat speurwerk kwam ik bij
Pyropterus nigroruber (De Geer, 1774).

Het is een roodschildkever van ± 8 mm lengte, sterk
afgeplat met zwarte poten en een zwart halsschild door
een ribachtige structuur verdeeld in 5 velden. De
dekschilden zijn felrood, met 4 overlangse ribben, met
tussenin regelmatige dwarsribben waardoor deze een
tralie-achtig patroon vormen.

Volgens Bocak (2012) is deze soort nog niet
waargenomen in de Benelux, maar ze komt wel voor in al
onze andere buurlanden en verder over een groot deel
van Europa en tot in het Verre Oosten. Een Nederlandse
entomoloog werd geraadpleegd, maar ook deze kon
geen melding van deze kever vinden. Er bevinden zich
geen exemplaren in de Belgische collecties van het KBIN
te Brussel. De soort wordt hier dus voor het eerst uit
België en uit de Benelux vermeld.

Sinds 2003 zijn er enkele vondsten uit België gemeld:

Yves Thieren: 5 ex. te Schönefeld, Eupen (LG)

Johnatan Lhoir: 2 ex. te Daverdisse (LX) op
15/06/2003

6 ex. te Goé, Hertogenwald (LG) op
28/06/2003

4 ex. te Groenendaal in het
Zoniënwoud (VB) op 15/07/2004.

Guido Bonamie: 1 ex. te Hatrival (LX) op 07/06/2007.

Figuur 1. Pyropterus nigroruber
(De Geer, 1774), België, LX,
Daverdisse, 24.vii.2012, leg. H.
Raemdonck (tekening Willy
Troukens).

Figuur 2. Verspreiding van Pyropterus nigroruber (De Geer, 1774) in
België.

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 67

Het merendeel van deze vangsten komt van
venstervallen.

Volgens Möller et al. (2006: 86) is P. nigroruber te
vinden van juni tot augustus in vochtige bossen, in
struikgewas, langs houtwallen, op geveld hout, op
stronken en soms bij zonnig weer ook op bloemen. De

afgeplatte larven jagen in vermolmd loof- en naaldhout
op andere insecten en hun larven.

Mijn dank gaat naar Guido Bonamie (Nevele), Alain
Drumont (KBIN Brussel), Johnatan Lhoir (Fr. Montpellier),
Yves Thieren (Baelen) en Willy Troukens (Anderlecht)
want zonder hen zou dit artikel niet ontstaan zijn.

Bibliografie

Bocak, L. 2012. Fauna Europaea, Lycidae. - In: Alonso-Zarazaga M. A. (ed.) Fauna Europaea, Coleoptera. Fauna Europaea Version
2.5. — www.faunaeur.org (bezocht 15 januari 2013).

Möller G., Grube R. & Wachmann E. 2006. Der Fauna Kaferführer I, Kafer im und am Wald. — Fauna Verlag.

Keer, P. M. 1930. Calwer Keverboek 1 6de uitgave. — Uitgeverij W.J.Thieme & Cie., Zutphen

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 68

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Coleophora saponariella (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae), a new species
for the Belgian fauna

Chris Snyers, Guido De Prins, Jean-Yves Baugnée & Nicolas Vereecken

Abstract. On the 4th of October 2009, several mines and cases of Coleophora saponariella Heeger, 1848 were found on
Common Soapwort (Saponaria officinalis) at De Panne (province of West-Flanders). It was the first mention of this species in
Belgium. In 2010 the species was found again in the same locality and several cases were bred to adults. It appears that C.
saponariella has a permanent population in "De Westhoek" with three generations per year. In 2012, the species was also
discovered at Rochefort (province of Namur). It is distributed in the whole of Europe and is sometimes very common.

Samenvatting. Coleophora saponariella (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae), een nieuwe soort voor de Belgische fauna
Op 04 oktober 2009 werden op Zeepkruid (Saponaria officinalis) enkele mijnen en kokers van Coleophora saponariella Heeger,
1848 gevonden te De Panne (West-Vlaanderen). Het is de eerste keer dat deze soort uit België gemeld wordt. In 2010 werd
deze soort op dezelfde vindplaats terug gevonden. Zij blijkt in de Westhoek dus een vaste populatie te hebben en door
uitkweken werd vastgesteld dat er drie generaties per jaar voorkomen. In 2012 werd C. saponariella ook te Rochefort (Namen)
aangetroffen. De soort is verspreid in heel Europa en soms zeer talrijk.

Résumé. Coleophora saponariella (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae), une espèce nouvelle pour la faune beige
Le 04 octobre 2009, des mines et fourreaux larvaires de Coleophora saponariella Heeger, 1848 ont été observés sur Saponaire
officinale (Saponaria officinalis) a De Panne (prov. Flandre Occidentale). II s'agit de la première mention de cette espèce en
Belgique. En 2010 l'espèce fut observée dans la même localité et des adultes ont été obtenus en élevage. II apparait que C.
saponariella présente une population permanente dans la réserve naturelle du Westhoek, avec trois générations par an. En
2012, l'espèce fut aussi observée a Rochefort, dans la province de Namur. Elle est largement distribuée en Europe et parfois
trés commune.

Key words: Coleophora saponariella - Belgium - Faunistics - First record

Snyers C.: Rendierstraat 14/2, B-2610 Wilrijk, bladmineerders.be@gmail.com

De Prins G.: Markiezenhof 32 , B-2170 Merksem/Antwerpen. guido.deprins@telenet.be

Baugnée J.-Y.: Service Public de Wallonië - DEMNA, 22 avenue de la Faculté, B-5030 Gembloux. jybaugnee@gmail.com
Vereecken N.: rue du thiers 41, B-5580 Rochefort. nicolas.vereecken@ulb.ac.be

Introduction

On the 4th of October 2009, several blotch mines and
cases of a Coleophora species were found on Common
Soapwort, Saponaria officinalis, at De Panne (prov. West-
Flanders, Belgium), by several members of the
Workgroup Leafminers. Later on, the species was
identified by the first author as Coleophora saponariella
Heeger, 1848, a new species for the Belgian fauna (De
Prins & Steeman 2013).

The cases were kept in small containers and
hibernated, but no imagos emerged. During spring and
early summer of 2010, more searches were conducted in
several localities along the coast, looking for tracés of
this species on soapwort. There were, however, no new
findings.

On 31st of July 2010, the same locality in De Panne
was visited where the cases were found the year before.
It became soon clear that the species was still present.
On 1 out of 4 plants blotch mines were discovered, but
no cases were present, except for one full-grown case
that was broken open, found on a mine that was recently
made. Apart from that, a leaf with three galleries from
which the frass was pushed out, was discovered. On 4th
October 2010 two full-grown cases and 1 young case
were found. The species was again met with in 2011

when on 14th May many small cases were seen,
sometimes about 10 per leaf.

Several mines and six young cases of C. saponariella
were recently discovered at Rochefort (prov. Namur) on
6 August. 2012, by the third author (Fig. 5). They stand on
a tuft of Saponaria officinalis from N. Vereecken's
garden, at less than 200 m from the river Lomme. The
soapwort has been installed there for many years by the
previous owner. It is possible that C. saponariella was
already present before our observations. On 23
September 2012, a mature case was observed at the
same site by N. Vereecken himself (Fig. 6).

Description of the species

The imago (Figs. 7, 8) is ochreous brown with several
light longitudinal stripes on the fore wings. The wing
span is around 11 mm. The egg is pale green. The
caterpillars are yellowish green (Fig. 1). The cases are
initially straw coloured (Fig. 4), but after reaching around
5 mm in length they become dark grey with black
longitudinal stripes. When the Caterpillar is full-grown, it
lives in a straight three-valved silken case of about 7 mm
long. Towards the head, the case becomes granular with
remains of the host plant. The mouth angle reaches 70°-
80° (Fig. 2). For a detailed description, see Heeger (1848:
342-347, pl. 6).

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Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 69

Figs. 1-6. Coleophora saponariella Heeger, 1848;

1- a young Caterpillar on Saponaria officinalis, Belgium, West-Vlaanderen, De Panne, 11 vii 2012, leg. and photo C. Snyers.

2 — case of a full grown Caterpillar, ca. 7 mm, Belgium, West-Vlaanderen, De Panne, 4 x 2009, leg. and photo C. Snyers.

3 - mines on a leaf of Saponaria officinalis, Belgium, West-Vlaanderen, De Panne, 4 x 2009, leg. and photo C. Snyers.

4 - case of a young Caterpillar with "frass", Belgium, West-Vlaanderen, De Panne, 4 x 2009, leg. and photo C. Snyers.

5 - mines on Saponaria officinalis, Belgium, Namur, Rochefort, 6.xiii.2012, leg. and photo J.-Y. Baugnée.

6.- mature case on Saponaria officinalis, Belgium, Namur, Rochefort, 23.ix.2012, leg. and photo N. Vereecken.

Biology

The eggs are deposited on the upper side of the
leaves, relatively high on the plant (up to 25 cm high),
usually on a large vein. After hatching of the eggs, the

caterpillars make small half-transparent galleries on the
upper side of the leaf. The galleries can be up to five cm
long before they convert into blotch mines. The first frass
is secreted here and building of the case begins
immediately. The initial galleries exceed themselves

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 70

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regularly, but rarely the main vein. The blotch mines
originate from the consumption of the entire content of
the leaf. Because of this, the mine is whitish and
transparent. On sandy soil and the dunes, where the host
plant is usually found, the mines remain relatively intact.
However, aging of the mines is well visible, given a
certain experience (Fig. 3). The caterpillars can be found

from September to May. After hibernation the
caterpillars cease eating (Patzak 1974).

It is thought that three generations appear each year:
the first one right after hibernation in May-June, the
second one in summertime (July-August) and the third
generation during autumn (September-October).

Figs.7-8. Coleophora. saponariella Heeger, 1848;

7.-adult, Belgium, West-Vlaanderen, De Panne, mine 07.vii.2010, e.l. 24.viii.2010, leg. and photo C. Snyers.
8 - adult, Belgium, West-Vlaanderen, De Panne, mine 31.vii.2010, .e.l.24.viii.2010, leg. and photo C. Snyers.

Distribution

So far, this species is found in Belgium in two distinct
areas: in the Coastal dunes (maritime phytogeographical
district) and in the Famenne (mosan district). According
to the distribution of the host plant, Saponaria officinalis,
the species could also exist in other localities. The third
author has conducted research in 2011 and 2012 in the
surroundings of Gembloux as well as in the valley of the
Meuse between Liège and Huy, but without success.

C. saponariella was recently also discovered in the
Netherlands by Arnold Scheurs (27th June 2010, Limburg,
Vlodrop-Station). He writes the following on C.
saponariella-. "conducting searches in springtime is little
effective because the larvae are moving around. During
autumn, hundreds of cases were discovered. The results
of breeding were satisfying: out of 40 larvae, 30 imagos
emerged. After hibernation the larvae become active

again. When found, they were put in jars with small
branches to stimulate pupation."

In Europe, Coleophora saponariella is found in
Sweden and Denmark and in the entire Western and
Central Europe except in Great Britain and Ireland. In
Southern Europe it is recorded only from Portugal and
Italy. In Eastern Europe the species is mentioned from
Poland, Slovakia, Croatia and Rumania (Baldizzone & van
der Wolf 2012).

Acknowledgements

Special thanks to Willem N. Ellis for providing the
references of literature, to Willy De Prins for
proofreading the text and for writing the résumé, to
Arnold Scheurs for the data of the Netherlands and
Johan De Prins for the translation in English.

References

Baldizzone G. & van der Wolf H. 2012. Fauna Europaea - Coleophoridae. - In: Karsholt O. & van Nieukerken E. J. (Eds.) Fauna
Europaea: Lepidoptera, Moths. Fauna Europaea version 2.5. — www.faunaeur.org [accessed 13 December 2012],

De Prins W. & Steeman C. 2013. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Belgium. — www.phegea.org [accessed 13 December 2012].
Heeger C. 1848. Beytrage zur Naturgeschichte der Kerfe, in Beziehung auf ihren verschiedenen Lebenszustande, ihre Feinde in
jedem Zustande, und ihre Nahrung, mit erlauternden Fehderzeichnungen. — Isis , Enzyclopadische Zeitschrift, vorzüglich für
Naturgeschichte, vergleichende Anatomie und Physiologie, von Oken 1848(5): 321-348, pis. 3-6.

Patzak H. 1974. Beitrage zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Lepidoptera - Coleophoridae. — Beitrage zur Entomologie 24(5/8): 153-278.

ISSN 0771-5277

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 71

Comgendum

Critical note on the publication by Korb " Gegenes nostrodamus

record for East Kazakhstan", Phegea 41(1): 22 (2013)

i?Zm!|S0NIAN INSTrrUTI°N UBRARIES

espéi iiuae), first

The specimen of skipper figured in the mentioned publication, as well as the other listed specimens, do not belong
to Gegenes nostrodamus (Fabricius, 1783), but to Eogenes alcides (Herrich-Schaffer, 1852), as can be seen from the
male genitalia and form and colour of wings. Eogenes alcides has a wide distribution from Turkey and Transcaucasia in
the west to S. E. Kazakhstan and Pakistan in the East. This species was recorded for the first time from Kazakhstan by
Evans in 1949.

Evans W. H. 1949. A catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia und Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). — British
Museum (Natural History), London pp. i-xix, 1-502, pis. 1-53.

V. Tshikolovets

Boekbespreking

Porter J.: Colour Identification guide to caterpillars of the British Isles. Macrolepidoptera.

17 x 23 cm, 287 pagina's, 49 kleurenplaten, te bestellen bij Brill, P.O. Box 9000, NL-2300 PA Leiden, ingebonden, 2010, EUR 69,-
excl. portkosten (ISBN 978 87 88 75795 8).

Dit is de eerste, omvattende fotogids over de rupsen van de Britse Macrolepidoptera (dagvlinders inbegrepen). In dit boek
worden 850 verschillende soorten behandeld, wat 95% van de Britse fauna vertegenwoordigt. Hiertoe behoren de inlandse
soorten, maar ook enkele reeds uitgestorven en een reeks invasieve soorten. Al deze rupsen werden in hun natuurlijke omgeving
gefotografeerd op een van hun voedselplanten. Sommige foto's werden op continentaal Europa genomen. Veel van deze soorten
werden nooit eerder afgebeeld, hetzij fotografisch of met tekeningen. Het boek kon worden samengesteld door een nauwe
samenwerking tussen verscheidene vooraanstaande lepidopterologen in Groot-Brittannië.

Hoewel in het boek haast alle Britse soorten staan afgebeeld, is het toch ook zeer bruikbaar voor Europese lepidopterologen,
vooral dan uit Noord- en Midden-Europa. Zij zullen er de meeste soorten uit hun nationale fauna in terugvinden op prachtige
kleurenfoto's.

Na een inleiding en een lijst van ontbrekende soorten, waarvoor medewerking wordt gevraagd, volgt de beschrijving van de
afzonderlijk soorten. Die tekst is voor alle soorten op dezelfde manier ingedeeld: algemene beschrijving van de rups,
voedselplanten, gedrag, instructies voor het kweken van deze soort. Iedereen die in de biologie van Europese Macrolepidoptera
geïnteresseerd is, vindt in dit boek zijn gading. Het is keurig uitgegeven en stevig ingebonden.

Willy De Prins

Phegea 41 (3) 01.ix.2013: 72

ISSN 0771-5277