3 6 DO

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Ernst Mayr Library
of the Museum of
Comparative Zoology

I - ^

5^—

Afgiftekantoor 2 1 70 Merksem 1 ISSN 077 1 -5277

Periode: januari - februari - maart 2003 Erkenningsnr. P209674

Redactie: Dr. J-P. Borie (Compiègne, France), Dr. L. De Bruyn (Antwerpen), T. C. Garrevoet
(Antwerpen), B. Goater (Chandlers Ford, Fngland), Dr. K. Maes (Gent), Dr. K. Martens (Brussel), H.
van Oorschot (Amsterdam), D. van der Poorten (Antwerpen), W. O. De Prins (Antwerpen).
Redactie-adres: W. O. De Prins, Nieuwe Donk 50, B-2100 Antwerpen (Belgium).
e-mail: willy.deprins(^antwerpen.be.

Jaargang 31, nummer 1

1 maart 2003

Interessante waarnemingen van Lepi^óptera in België
in 2002 (Lepidoptera)

MO;

Willy De Prins

HAR\t^Ru

Abstract. Interesting records of Fepidoptera in Belgiui|ii^0\)Êi^^j^pi|fë^

Three new Fepidoptera species are recorded for Belgium: Phyllonorycter. medicaginella
(Gerasimow, 1830), Scrobipalpa nitentella (Fuchs, 1902), and Pechipogo pluniigeralis (Hübner,
[1825]). Furthermore, some new province records and interesting observations are mentioned.

Résumé. Observations intéressantes de Fépidoptères en Belgique en 2002 (Fepidoptera)
Trois nouvelles espèces de Fépidoptères ont été observées en Belgique: Phyllonorycter
medicaginella (Gerasimow, 1830), Scrobipalpa nitentella (Fuchs, 1902) et Pechipogo
plumigeralis (Hübner, [1825]). Plusieurs données faunistiques nouvelles par province sont
également mentionnées, ainsi que quelques observations intéressantes.

Key words: Lepidoptera - Phyllonorycter medicaginella - Scrobipalpa nitentella - Pechipogo
plumigeralis - faunistics.

De Prins, W.: Nieuwe Donk 50, B-2100 Antwerpen ( willy. deprins(^antwerpen.be).

Eriocraniidae

Eriocrania sparrmanella (Bosc, 1791): Haaltert, 22.V.1993 (leg. B.
Vanholder). Nieuw voor de provincie Oost-Vlaanderen.

Gracillariidae

Parornbc torquillella (Zeiler, 1850): Turnhout, Dombergheide 17.V.2002
(leg. j. & W. De Prins). Nieuw voor de provincie Antwerpen.

Phegea}>\ ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 1

Figuren 1-3: Phyllonorycter robiniella (Clemens, 1859), pas uitgekomen exemplaren, e.1. Rohinia
pseudoacacia L., oktober 2002, Mol (België, provincie Antwerpen), leg. en coll. H. Henderickx
(foto's: H. Henderickx).

Phyllonorycter robiniella (Clemens, 1859): Mol-Postel, 26. IX. 2002, 6
bladmijnen op Rohinia pseudoacacia (leg. H. Henderickx), Dessel, Mol-Sluis,
Retie, 29. IX. 2002, talrijke bladmijnen op R. pseudoacacia en één adult (leg. W.
De Prins). De eerste vlindertjes ontpopten reeds op 30. IX. 2002. Nieuw voor de
provincie Antwerpen. Tijdens het uitkweken werd vastgesteld dat de motjes
haast steeds rond het middaguur en tijdens de vroege namiddag ontpopten. Zoals
gewoonlijk bij immigrerende soorten werden er slechts weinig parasitoïden
aangetroffen. De enkele exemplaren die toch werden uitgekweekt verschenen op
het einde van de kweek toen de meeste vlindertjes reeds waren ontpopt, dit in
tegenstelling tot de situatie bij de meeste andere inlandse Phydonoiycter-soortQn
waar de parasitoïden zich tot adult ontwikkelen vóór de eerste adulte

PhegeaM ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 2

Lepidoptera verschijnen. De twee soorten parasitoïden die werden uitgekweekt
zijn Hymenoptera die gewoonlijk andere PhyUonotycter-sooïiQn parasiteren.

Phyllonorycter medicaginella (Gerasimov, 1930): vermeld als nieuw voor de
Belgische fauna (Kuchlein, Kuchlein-Nijsten & De Prins 2002: 89-94);
Opkanne (Limburg), bladmijnen op Melilotus alba en Medicago lupulinus, leg.
C. M. Kuchlein-Nijsten.

Yponomeutidae

Yponomeuta rorrella (Hübner, 1796): Diepenbeek, 03.VIII.1995 (leg. R.
Spronck). Nieuw voor de provincie Limburg.

Argyresthia trifasciata Staudinger, 1871: Haaltert, 08. V. 2000 (leg. B.
Vanholder). Nieuw voor de provincie Oost-Vlaanderen.

Ypsolophidae

Ypsolopha liicella (Fabricius, 1775): Biron, 24. VI. 2001 (leg. R. Spronck).
Nieuw voor de provincie Luxemburg.

Elachistidae

Elachista chtysodesmella Zeiler, 1850: Wonck, 09.VI.2002 (leg. R.
Spronck). Nieuw voor de provincie Luik.

Momphidae

Mompha lociipletella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Baraque de Fraiture,
26. VI. 2001 (leg. R. Spronck). Nieuw voor de provincie Luxemburg.

Gelechiidae

Scrobipalpa nitentella (Fuchs, 1902): vermeld als nieuw voor de Belgische
fauna (Jansen 2002: 1 92); jonge bladmijnen op Atriplex prostvata en één adult te
Nieuwpoort (West-Vlaanderen) op 14. VIII. 2001, leg. M. G. M. Jansen.

Tortricidae

Acleris cristana ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Maaseik, 16.111.2002 (leg.
B. Vanholder). Nieuw voor de provincie Limburg.

Acleris literami (Linnaeus, 1758): Maaseik, 16.III;2002 (leg. B. Vanholder),
Warsage, 15.11.1964, 08.IV. 1965, 24.11.1967 (leg. R. Spronck). Nieuw voor de
provincies Limburg en Luik.

Metemlothenia atropunctana (Zetterstedt, [1839]): Aywaille, 10. VIII. 2002
(leg. R. Spronck). Nieuw voor de provincie Luik.

Pseiidohermenias ahietana (Fabricius, 1787): Haaltert, 01. VI. 1994 (leg. B.
Vanholder). Nieuw voor de provincie Oost-Vlaanderen.

Ancylis diminiitana (Ilaworth, 1811): Baraque de Fraiture, 22. VI. 2001 (leg.
R. Spronck). Nieuw voor de provincie Luxemburg.

Cydia fagiglandana (Zeiler, 1841): Diepenbeek, 13. VIII. 2002 (leg. R.
Spronck). Nieuw voor de provincie Limburg.

Panwiene umygdalana (Duponehel, 1843): Haaltert, 02.VI 1.1994 (leg. B.
Vanholder). Nieuw voor de provincie Oost-Vlaanderen.

rhcgcci?,] (I)( 1.111.2003): 3

Epermeniidae

Epermenia falciformis (Haworth, 1828): Visé, 16. VI. 2002 (leg. R. Spronck).
Nieuw voor de provincie Luik.

Pyralidae

Pempelia ohductella Zeiler, 1839: Lanaye, begin VIII. 1996, Eben-Emael,
begin VIII. 1997, Wonck, 16.VIII.1996, einde VII.2001, begin VIIl.2002 (leg. R.
Spronck). Nieuw voor de provincie Luik.

Nephopteryx augustella (Hübner, 1796): deze soort werd voor het eerst uit
België vermeld in 1998 (De Prins 1998: 69), maar heeft zich nu goed gevestigd
in de kuststreek. Rupsen werden in 2001 en 2002 talrijk aangetroffen in de
vruchten van kardinaalsmuts {Evonymus europaeus L.) te Wenduine (B. Kindts).

Conobathra tiimidana ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Aywaille,

10. VIII. 2002 (leg. R. Spronck). Nieuw voor de provincie Luik.

Diiponchelia fovealis (Zeiler, 1847): Visé, 14. VI. 2001 (leg. R. Spronck),
derde exemplaar waargenomen in België. Nieuw voor de provincie Luik.

Noctuidae

Pechipogo plumigeralis (Hübner, [1825]): vermeld als nieuw voor de
Belgische fauna (zie Vanholder & Bolland 2002: 81-83); Westende (West-
Vlaanderen), op 20 en 21 Juli 2000 telkens één $, leg. F. Bolland.

Dankwoord

Mijn dank gaat uit naar de verschillende mensen die mij hun gegevens ter
beschikking stelden om dit overzicht zo actueel mogelijk te houden: B. Maes, R.
Spronck en B. Vanholder. Verder dank ik H. Henderickx voor de foto's van de
figuren 1-3.

Bibliographie

De Prins, W., 1998a. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Belgium. — Studiedocumenten van het
Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen 91: 1-236.

De Prins, W., 1998b. Nephopteryx augustella, een nieuwe soort voor de Belgische fauna
(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). — Phegea 26(2): 69-70.

Jansen, M. G. M., 2002. Scrobipalpa nitentella, nieuw voor de Belgische fauna (Lepidoptera:
Gelechiidae). — Phegea 30(4): 192.

Kuchlein, J. H., Kuchlein-Nijsten, C. & De Prins, W., 2002. Phyllonory'cter medicaginella, nieuw
voor de Belgische fauna (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). — Phegea 30(3): 89-94.

Vanholder, B. & Bolland, F., 2002. Pechipogo plumigeralis: een nieuwe soort voor de Belgische
fauna (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). — Phegea 30(3): 81-83.

Phegea 2>\ ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 4

Sesia melanocephala, a new species to the Belgian
fauna (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)

Theo Garrevoet & Walter Garrevoet

Abstract. Sesia melanocephala, a new species to the Belgian fauna (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)
The presence of several specimens of Sesia melanocephala Dalman, 1816 was demonstrated in
three Belgian provinces: Luxembourg, Liège et Namur. AU specimens were collected as larva or
pupa in Popnlus fremiila trees between 4 April and 23 June, 2001. This is the first record of this
species trom Belgium. The distribution in Europe and the biology of the species are brieOy
discussed.

Samenvatting. Sesia melanocephala, een nieuwe soort voor de Belgische fauna
(Lepidoptera; Sesiidae)

De aanwezigheid van verscheidene exemplaren van Sesia melanocephala Dalman, 1816 werd
aangetoond in drie Belgische provinces: Luxembourg, Liège en Namur. Alle exemplaren werden
als larve of als pop verzameld in Popiilus tremula tussen 4 april 2001 en 23 juni 2001. Dit is de
eerste waarneming van deze soort voor België. De verspreiding in Europa en de biologie \ an de
soort worden kort besproken.

Résumé. Sesia melanocephala, une espèce nouvelle pour la faune beige (Lepidoptera:
Sesiidae)

La présence de plusieurs exemplaires de Sesia melanocephala Dalman, 1816 était établie dans
trois provinces beiges: Luxembourg, Liège et Namur. Tous les exemplaires furent récoltés
comme chenille ou comme chrysalide dans des Popiiliis tremula entre 4 avril 2001 et 23 juin
2001. 11 s’agit de la première mention de cette espèce en Belgique. La distribution en Europe et
la biologie de cette espèce sont brièvement discutées.

Key words: Sesiidae - Sesia melanocephala - faunistics - Belgium - distribution.

Garrevoet, T.: Kampioenstraat 14, B-202() Antwerpen (e-mail: theo.garrevoet@pandora.be)
Garrevoet, W.: Kampioenstraat 14, B-2020 Antwerpen (e-mail: walter.garrevoet@antwerpen.be)

Introduction

During several visits during the past five years to the Southern part of
Belgium, with special attention being paid to the climatologically privileged
region “La Gaume”, the authors were looking tbr the presence of Sesiidae both
adults and immature stages, depending on the time of the season. With regard to
Sesia melanocephala, all encountered Popiilus tremula trees were checked for
signs of caterpillars, but the result reinained negative although the species was
foLind in the nearby Grand Duchy of Luxemburg on the occasion of a joint
expedition by some entomologists (Cungs 1998).

On one of these trips on 5 May 1999 near Meix-devant-Virton
(Luxembourg), the senior author discovered a group of old P. tremula trees,
where, on a dead branch at a height of 6 to 7 meters, there seemed to be an exit
hole of S”. melanocephala. Not being able to get a closer view at that time, the
authors returned a few weeks later with binoculars and discovered, besides the
already mentioned exit hole three further holes, defmitely caused by the species
soLight after. Unfortunately, all the holes were in branches which were too high
to reach, and anyway, the season was already too ad\anced to look lor the
species itself

Phc^eaM (1)( 1.111.2003): 5

Figs. 1-6. Sesia mekmocephala Dalman, 1816. 1.- S'- Latour (Lu.xembourg, Belgium), larva: 09-06-
2001; 2.- $; Sart-Tilman (Liège, Belgium), larva: 26-05-2001; 3.- Typical svvelling around a dead
branch on Populus iremukp 4.- Branch infested with a young larva, protruding "frass"; 5.- Future
e.xit hole just before emergence of the moth. Observe the thin remaining layer of bark; 6.- A freshly
emerged female.

Phegea2>\ ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 6

Therefore, the plan was made to return in year 2000, but circumstances
prevented a visit to the area that year.

In early spring 2001, the senior author revisited the same area, paying special
attention to open groups of sun-exposed P. tremula trees where the chance that
lower branches would be infected was more probable. The exact co-ordinates of
these biotopes were noted in order to return at the right time to look for the
caterpillars.

On 4 April 2001, the senior author and a friend entomologist returned, first to
the locality in Meix-devant-Virton with a ladder. At last, almost two years after
its discovery, the branch with the first found exit hole of S. melanocephala could
be collected. A systematic inspection of other suitable branches resulted in the
observation of two small caterpillars of 0.4 cm and 1.5 cm. Considering the three
year life cycle of this species, these young caterpillars were left in place.
Suddenly worsening weather conditions prevented an inspection of the other
noted localities.

On 19 May 2001, armed with a ladder, we visited again the area and were
able to collect three last instar larvae of S. melanocephala in the vicinity of
Etalle (Luxembourg). Also a first-year and a second-year larva were observed.
And on 24 May 2001, the senior author found one more mature larva of S.
melanocephala in Chenois (Luxembourg).

During a visit to a good friend entomologist in Liège, we visited a
xerothermic biotope in Sart-Tilman (Liège), looking for Sesiidae in general but
we soon noticed some nice groups of P. tremula. A quick inspection quickly
revealed that S. melanocephala was present here too! A continued search
resulted in 1 pupa and one last-instar larva. Thus, the presence of S.
melanocephala was also established for the province of Liège.

Again in “La Gaume”, an additional pupa of this species was found in Latour
(Luxembourg) on 9 June 2001.

Finally, another pupa was collected in Blaimont (Namur) on 23 June 2001,
adding the province of Namur to the Belgian distribution list of localities for S.
melanocephala.

Since it is the first time S. melanocephala has been recorded for Belgium, the
species has to be added to the "Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Belgium" (De
Prins 1998: 83) after /?e/;7/?c^c//ó/v;//.v (Hübner, 1806).

The adult is easy to recognise by the relatively large size as compared to
other Sesiidae. On the other hand, it is the smal lest Western-Palaearctic member
of the genus Sesia. The forewing is almost completely transparenl with brownish
scalcs along the veins, the costal and anal margins, the discal spot and al the
apical area. These scales are more apparent in the females. The abdomen is black
dorsally with distinclive narrow yellow rings on the anterior margins of
segments 2-4 and the posterior margins of segments 5-7. The anal lult is

Phc^caM (l)(l. II 1.2003): 7

strongly mixed with yellow scales, a feature which is more prominent in the
females. The antennae are yellowish brown.

Geographical distribution

S. melanocephala has a Eurasiatic distribution (Lastüvka & Lastüvka 2001)
but its distribution eentre appears to be in Central Europe. The Southern
distribution border is poorly known and the species has never been recorded
from the British Isles (Spatenka, Gorbunov, Lastüvka, Tosevski & Arita 1999).
The northern distribution border reaches as far north as the Scandinavian isles
(Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark). S. melanocephala has been recorded
also from Spain, France, Italy, Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, Germany,
Switzerland, Austria, Roland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Flungary, Romania,
Slovenia, Croatia, Ukraine, Russia (European part), Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia
and Estonia. Belgium can now be added to this list.

Biology

S. melanocephala occurs mainly in open forests or open groups of Popnlus
tremiila trees (Salicaceae) often along roadsides or fields. The female
presumably deposits her eggs separately at the base of a sun-exposed dead
branch, directly protruding from the trunk. A necessary condition is that the tree
had already formed a swelling around the dead branch. The young larva lives
and feeds in this swelling. In the second year, prior to the second hibernation, the
Caterpillar starts the construction of a tunnel both into the interior of the trunk
itself and in the dead branch. At this time, the tunnel has a typical oval cross-
section. Considering the relatively short tunnels in the swelling and the wood of
the trunk, the Caterpillar is apparently a sap-feeder.

After the third and last hibernation, the Caterpillar continues to enlarge the
tunnel and constructs the future exit hole. A thin layer of bark, strengthened with
silk, conceals it from the outside. This exit hole is usually situated on the upper
side of the dead branch, thus preventing the pupa from falling down during the
emergence process. The cross-section of the tunnel is now circular. During warm
days, the Caterpillar lies in the branch, while cooler days it usually remains down
in the trunk. In late springtime, the Caterpillar pupates in the tunnel without the
formation of a cocoon. The pupa is very mobile and, like the larva, is able to
retreat into the safety of the trunk at an amazing speed. Predation, for instance by
woodpeckers, is, if existent, negligible. Both larvae and pupae can be found in
dead branches ranging from a diameter hardly wider than that of the animal to
those of 10 cm in diameter or more.

Conclusion

Although the presence of S. melanocephala in Belgium could have been
expected, considering the situation in the neighbouring countries, it is amazing
this moth has not been discovered until now, especially since it appears to be
widespread at least in the Southern half of Belgium. It is not improbable it will

Phegea2>\ (1) (1 .111.2003): 8

be detected in additional provinces where the food plant occurs. Unfortunately,
at present there is no artificial pheromone available with the necessary efficacy
to investigate the presence of the species in suitable biotopes.

References

Cungs, J., 1998. Beitrag zur Faunistik und Ökologie der Glastlügler (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) im
Südlichen Erzbecken Luxemburgs. — Bulletin de la Société des Natwalistes liixembourgeois 99;
165-186.

De Prins, W., 1998. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Belgium. — Studiedociimeuten van het
Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuunvetenschappen 92: 1-236.

Lastüvka, Z. & Lastuvka, A., 2001 . The Sesiidae ofEurope. — Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 245 p.
Spatenka, K., Gorbunov, O., Lastüvka, Z., Tosevski, 1. & Arita, Y., 1999. Handbook of Palaearctic
Macrolepidoptera (Volume I). — GLM Publishing Company, Wallingford, 569 p.

r/icgcci?>\ (l)( 1.111.2003): 9

Acleris rhombana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) nieuw
voor de Belgische provincie Limburg

Frans Groenen

Abstract. Acleris rhombana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) new record for the Belgian province
of Limburg

On 8 September 2002 a single specimen oï Acleris rhombana ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
was beaten from Querciis sp. near Teuven (Belgium, Province of Limburg).

Résumé. Acleris rhombana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) espèce nouvelle pour la province de
Limbourg beige

Le 8 septembre 2002 un exemplaire de Acleris rhombana ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) fut
délogé d'un Quercus sp., prés de Teuven (Belgique, Limbourg).

Key words: Acleris rhombana - faunistics - Belgium.

Groenen, F.: Dorpstraat 171, NL-5575 AG Luyksgestel, Nederland.

Op 8 september 2002 heb ik in de omgeving van Teuven, tijdens een
wandeling door het Gulpdal in het grensgebied van Belgisch en Nederlands
Limburg, Acleris rhombana ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) geklopt uit een eik
{Quercus sp.). De soort is nieuw voor Belgisch Limburg (De Prins 1998). De
vindplaats Teuven sluit aan bij de Nederlandse vindplaatsen in Zuid-Limburg
(Kuchlein 1993). A. rhombana is gemakkelijk herkenbaar aan de lichtgele
grondkleur van de voorvleugel met een roestkleurig rasterwerk en een spitse
apex. De achtervleugel is wit van kleur (Bentinck & Diakonoff 1968).

Literatuur

Bentinck, Graaf B. A. & Diakonoff, A., 1968. De Nederlandse Bladrollers. — Monografieën van de
Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging y. 1-201, 99 platen.

De Prins, W., 1998. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Belgium. — Studiedocumenten van het
Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen 92: 1-236.

Kuchlein, J. H., 1993. De kleine vlinders. — Pudoc, Wageningen, 715 pp.

Phegea2i\ (1) (1.III.2003): 10

Cochylimorpha salinarida sp. n. (Lepidoptera,
Tortricidae: Tortricinae), a new Cochylid moth from
Spain

Frans Groenen & Knud Larsen

Summary. A new Tortricid moth, Cochylimorpha salinarida sp. n., from Spain is described.
Adult and male genitalia structures are figured. The female is unknown.

Samenvatting. Cochylimorpha salinarida sp. n. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae: Tortricinae), een
nieuwe Cochylidae uit Spanje

Een nieuwe soort Tortricidae word beschreven uit Spanje, Cochylimorpha salinarida sp. n. Het
imago en de mannelijke genitaalstructuren worden afgebeeld. Het wijfje is onbekend.

Résumé. Cochylimorpha salinarida sp. n. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae: Tortricinae), un
Cochylidae nouveau d'Espagne

Une espèce nouvelle de Tortricidae est décrite en provenance d'Espagne: Cochylimorpha
salinarida sp. n. L'adulte et les genitalia males sont figurés. La femelle demeure inconnue.

Zusammenfassung. Cochylimorpha salinarida sp. n. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae:
Tortricinae), eine neue Cochylidae aus Spanien

Eine neue Tortriciden art, Cochylimorpha salinarida sp. n., aus Spanien w ird beschrieben. Imago
und manniiche Genitalstrukturen werden abgebildet. Das Weibchen ist unbekannt.

Key w ords: Cochylimorpha salinarida - new species - Spain.

Groenen, F.: Dorpstraat 171, NL-5575 AG Luyksgestel, Netherlands.

Earsen, K.: Rontoftevej 33, DK-2860 Soborg, Denmark.

Introduction

In the winter 2001/2002 the first author studied the Tortricidae collected by
Mr. J. Wolschrijn (Twello, Netherlands). J. Wolschrijn has collected moths and
butterflies in several European countries. Among the specimens collected in
Spain there was one Cochylini, which obviously would belong to an undescribed
species. Both the imago and the genitalia are very different from all known
species. In 2002 Mr. Wolschrijn collected two more males at the same locality.
These two specimens are mentioned here as paratypes.

Cochylimorpha salinarida sp. n.

Material examined. Holotype d', Spain: Espafia-Alicante, La Marina, Platje el Pinet, 16. IX. 2001, leg.
J. B. Wolschrijn, genital slide FG088(), deposited in the Zoological Museum of Amsterdam (ZMA).
Paratypes: I Spain: Espaha-Alicanle, La Marina (Urbanis), Siërra La Horna, 21. IX. 2002, leg. .1. B.
Wolschrijn, genitalia slide PG0936, in ZMA; ld. same data as First paralype bul 22. IX. 2002, in
Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid.

Diagnosis. - Adult (Fig. 1.). Wingspan 21 mm. llead: Frons white, brownish
with white tipped scales between the eyes; vertex similar; antenna half-length of
the forewing, tlagellum brown with dark brown underside, segments prismalic
with white cilia.

Plw^cüM (l)(l. III. 2003): 11

Fig. I. Cochylimorpha salinarida n. sp. Flolotype S-, Spain, Alicante, La Marina, Platje el Pinet,
16. IX. 2002, leg. Wolsehrijn, coll. Zoological Museum of Amsterdam (Photo: J. De Prins).

Labial palpus: inner side white with scattered brown scales, outside the white
is slightly brownish and with scattered brown scales.

Thorax: white with some brown scales, more grey in the middle; tegulae:
white, tinged light brown basally, greyish in the middle and white at the top.

Forewing; rather broad and straight, slightly concave towards the apex and
termen weakly convex. Ground colour whitish and drawings dark brown with
some mixture of grey and black scales; basal and sub basal fascia confluent with
the outer edge angulated above the middle of the wing; irregularly overlaid with
white and grey especially at the costa. Between the sub basal and median fascia
is a white band divided by two irregular brownish striae. Median fascia brown,
with some black and grey scales, at the costa grey with white tipped scales.
Irregular formed and connected with the post median fascia enclosing a white
band in the dorsal part of the forewing. The apical part of the forewing is
irregular banded. The pre-apical spot and the pre-tomal marking are irregular
connected with greyish brown bands and with dark grey blocks in the termen.
Cilia: white with some yellowish admixture and blocked with five grey striae.

Hind wing: whitish grey, darker apically and with an indistinct slightly
darker basal band.

Male genitalia (Fig. 2). - Socii small and narrow; transtilla broad, spined;
vinculum ventrally closed; tegumen pointed. Valvae broad basically, equally
narrowing apically; sacculus short. Aedeagus broad with one long, strong and
pointed comutus.

The shape of socii, tegumen and sacculus plus the spined transtilla easily
separates C. salinarida sp.n. from the related C. perturbatano (Kennel, 1900).

Female. - Unknown.

Phegea3\ ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 12

Fig. 2. Cochylimorpha salinarida n. sp. male genitalia. Holotype. Slide nr. FG0880 S. (Photo: J. De
Prins).

Similar species.- The size and the general appearance of the species is rather
unique. The forewing markings of the related Cochylimorpha perturhatana
(Kennel, 1900) are somewhat similar but the markings are much less whitish and
more regular. The hind wings are darker grey and the labial palpus is much
longer. C. perturhatana (Kennel, 1900) is figured in Razowski (1970: plate 8
fig. 80) and in Kennel (1921: plate 14 fig. 55).

C. perturhatana (Kennel, 1900) has a central Asian distribution, and occurs
in South Ural: Uralsk, Guberli. Orenburg, Zatobolsk; Central Asia: Tien Shan,
lli district, East Tannuola, Ala Tau up to 2500 meters above sealevel;
Kazakhstan and Mongolia (Kennel 1921, Kuznetzov 1989, Razowski 1970).

Distribution. - Only known from the type locality: Spain, La Marina, Platje
el Pinet, 35 km South of Alicante on the south-east coast of Spain.

Biology. - Host plant unknown. The locality is a dry place on the border of a
salt marsh. The specimen was taken in a light trap.

Etymology. - The moth is named after the two possible locality types: salt
marshes - “salinas” - and more dryer rocky areas - “aridas” - in combination.

Remarks. - Cochylimorpha salinarida n. sp. is most closely related to C.
perturhatana (Kennel, 1900), because of the shape of the tegumen, transtilla and
the valvae and the external appearance.

Systematically it is placed between Cochylimorpha perfusana (Guenée,
1845) and Cochylimorpha perturhatana (Kennel, 1900) number 4234 and 4235

rticyeuM ( 1 ) ( 1 .III.2003): 13

in Karsholt & Razowski (1996: 131). The total number of Cochylimorpha
species in Europe is now 32.

Acknowledgements

We wish to express our gratitude to Mr. J. Wolschrijn, Twello, Netherlands
for providing the material, and to Jurate De Prins for making the photographs of
both figures.

References

Karsholt. O. & Razowski, J. 1996. The Lepidoptera of Europe. A Distribiitional Checklist. — Apollo
Books, Stenstrup. 380 pp.

Kennel, J. 1921. Die Palaearktischen Tortriciden. — in Kükenthal, W. (Ed.), Zoologica 21, Heft 54.
Stuttgart 1921. 742 pp. 24 pis.

Kuznetzov, V. 1., 1989. Tortricidae (Olethreutidae, Cochylidae) - Tortricid Moths — in Medvedev,
G.S. (Ed.), Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR, Vol. IV Part one. — E. J.
Brill, Leiden, New York, Kobenhavn, Köln. 991 pp. [English translation].

Razowski, J., 1970. Cochylidae. - in Amsel, H. G., Gregor, F. & Reisser, H. (Eds.),
Microlepidoptera Palaearctica Vol. 3. - Verlag Georg Fromme & Co. Wien. 528 pp. 161 pis.

Phegea2>\ (1) (1.III.2003): 14

First record of Muschampia cribrellum in Bulgaria,
with a review of the recorded distribution of genus
Muschampia in the country (Lepidoptera:
Hesperiidae)

Zdravko Kolev

Summary. Muschampia cribrellum (Eversmann, 1 841 ) is reported as new to Bulgaria on the
basis of two misidentified males in the collection of the Museum of Natural History - Burgas. In
addition the distribution of the other two Muschampia species reported from Bulgaria is
reviewed.

Peaioivie. Muschampia cribrellum (Eversmann, 1841) ce ctoGmasa aa npte ntT ot
BtjirapHH no /tea norpemno onpcACJiCHH mt>>kkh CKaeivinjiHpa ot KOJieKUHaxa ua BypracKHa
npHpo/tOHayHCH Myaeü. OöoömaBax ce h aaHHHxe aa cpemaHcxo na ztpyxHxe ^Ba BH^a ox pozt
Muschampia b BtjirapHH.

Samenvatting. Eerste venxielding van Muschampia cribrellum in Bulgarije, met een
overzicht van de vermelde waarnemingen van het genus Muschampia in dat land (Lepidptera;
Hesperiidae)

Muschampia cribrellum (Eversmann, 1841) wordt als nieuwe soort voor de Bulgaarse fauna
vermeld op grond van twee verkeerd gedetermineerde mannetjes in de verzameling van het
Museum of Natural History te Burgas. Verder wordt de verspreiding besproken van de andere
twee Muschampia-soovXQn vermeld uit Bulgarije.

Résumé. Première mention de Muschampia cribrellum en Bulgarie, avec révision de la
distribution des deux autres espèces de Muschampia citées de Bulgarie (Lepidoptera:
Hesperiidae)

Muschampia cribrellum (Eversmann, 1841) est mentionné ici pour la première fois de
Bulgarie, d'après deux males fautivement identifiés dans la collection du Musée d'Histoire
naturelle a Burgas. Aussi, la distribution des deux autres espèces bulgares de Muschampia est-
elle discutée.

Key words: Lepidoptera - Hesperiidae - Muschampia - tessellum - cribrellum - proto -
Bulgaria - Balkan Peninsula.

Kolev, Z.; Department of Ecology and Systematics, P.0. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), FIN-00014
University of Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: zdravko.kolev@helsinki.fi.

Introduction

In Europe, the Spinose Skipper Muschampia cribrelliim (Eversmann, 1841)
is a very local species with a distribution restricted only to the eastem parts of
the continent. lts westemmost localities are found in E Hungary (Tolman &
Lewington 1997; Tolman 2001), W Romania: several localities in Transylvania
(e.g. Lorkovic 1983; Tolman & Lewington 1997; Kudrna 2002), and Republic of
Macedonia: Suva Planina SW of Skopje (Lorkovic 1983; Schaider & Jaksic
1989) and the gorge of Treska river W of Mt. Jakupica (Schaider & Jaksic
1989). These, within all probability relict, localities are widely separated from
each other as well as from the main range of the species, which comprises the
steppe zone of Eurasia from Ukraine and European Russia to the basin of Amiir
river (Korshunov & Gorbunov 1995; Gorbunov 2001 ).

PhcgcüM (1)(1. II 1.2003): 15

First Bulgarian record of Muschampia cribrellum

Already in 1992, while examining the small Lepidoptera collection of the
Museum of Natural History - Burgas (hereafter MNHB), the present author
discovered three specimens labeled as "Pyrgus armoricanus Obth." which bore
identical labels "Byprac, 10.8.74, C. SaropunnoB" [Burgas, 10.8.[19]74, S[evar].
Zagorchinov [leg.]]. In reality one of these was a male of Pyrgus c'marae
(Rambur, [1839]), while the remaining two males clearly belonged to a species
of Miischampiü. As there are old records of a similar species, Muschampia
tessellum (Hübner, [1803]), from two localities in Burgas (Tschorbadjiew 1915;
see below), these two specimens were considered to belong to this species. A
note was nevertheless made of their unusually small size (forewing length 14-15
mm) compared to tessellum (typically 16-19 mm), which prompted a further
study of this material. This 1 carried out in August 2002, as part of an inventory
of the butterfly materials in MNHB.

Closer inspection of the two Muschampia specimens surprisingly revealed
that they exhibit, apart from the smaller size and the more narrow and pointed
wings, two further characters (Figs. 1 & 2) which separate them from tessellum
and identify them beyond any doubt as belonging to the species Muschampia
crihrellum (Eversmann, 1841). The first character, which is in fact unique to
crihrellum, is the presence of two postdiscal pairs of elongated white spots in
space Ib on the forewing upperside (cf. Lorkovic 1983), though occasionally the
lower spot of the distal pair may be much reduced or absent; tessellum and
related taxa only have one pair of postdiscal spots in this space. The other
character is the absence in cribrellum of a transverse white discal bar on the
forewing upperside; such is present in tessellum (Korshunov & Gorbunov 1995).

This First Bulgarian record of M. cribrellum is separated by about 500 km
from the nearest known localities of this species, in Republic of Macedonia and
Romania. Thus it represents a very important extension to the range of this
poorly known species in Europe and the Balkans.

It must be noted that the label data on these specimens are not without
ambiguity. The date "10.8." and the very fresh condition of the specimens appear
to contradict each other, considering that cribrellum is univoltine {Gorbunov
2001) and flies from mid-May to mid-August (Korshunov & Gorbunov 1995),
and that at sea level (Burgas) its flight should be expected to begin very early
indeed. The same contradiction concerns the male Pyrgus cinarae (which is also
a fresh specimen in excellent condition) with the same label data as the two
cribrellum. This too is a univoltine species which in Bulgaria flies from mid-
June till mid-August (pers. observ.). In the nearest locality to Burgas from which
it is known (the vicinity of Sliven), even at its upper distributional limit (1000
m), only very wom females are still on the wing in the First halF oF August (pers.
observ.). It is unlikely that these species can produce a second generation in
Bulgaria and I have found no record oF either of them doing so elsewhere.
Delayed emergence does not appear probable either.

PhegeuM ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 16

Fig. 1. Differentiating characters on the forewing upperside in Muschampia tessellum (left) and M
cribrelliim (right). 1- Presence vs. absence of white bar at end of cell. 2 - One pair vs. two pairs (but
see text) of postdiscal spots in space 1 b.

Fig. 2. 1.- Muschampia crihrellum S'- "Burgas, I ().8.[ 1 9]74, S[evar]. Zagorchinov [leg.]", in coll.
MNUfi. 2.- Muschampia tessellum S- "[SW Bulgaria, Mt. Belasitsa,] h. Belasiza ["Bclasilsa" chalet],
26-29.VI.1981, leg. Al. Slivov", in coll. IZS (a: upperside, b; underside).

r/lc^ca^\ (1)(I. III. 2003): 17

Judging trom the condition of the speeimens of M crihrellum and P. cinarae
and assuining that they have been collected on the same oeeasion, it appears
most likely that these have been collected in the second half of June or the first
half of July.

Despite this, there is no reason to doubt the locality itself, although its rather
vague wording is to be regretted as it is unlikely to be of much help in an
eventual future search for crihrellum. I was kindly informed by the staff at
MNHB that the late S. Zagorchinov had collected on many occasions in the first
half of the 1970's in or near Burgas specifically at the Museum's request in order
to assemble a representative regional collection of Lepidoptera for the Museum's
permanent exhibition and its fund. Therefore, it is to be hoped that new search
for this species and its congener tessellum be undertaken as soon as possible. As
both species have similar ecological preferences and occur together over much
of their range in the steppes of temperate Eurasia (Korshunov & Gorbunov
1995; Gorbunov 2001), they are likely to be found in the same habitats in the
surroundings of Burgas as welf

Other species of genus Muschampia reported from Bulgaria

Miischampia tessellum (Hübner, [1803|) (Fig. 3). The first Bulgarian
localities to be discovered were on the northern outskirts of Burgas, where a
single male was caught by P. Chorbadzhiev in 1910 on the narrow, sandy Coastal
strip between the Atanasovsko Ezero lake and the Black Sea; in 1911 he
reportedly collected "numerous specimens" therein and "single" in a second
Coastal locality to the south of Burgas, known as Chengene Skelya
(Tschorbadjiew 1915). Buresch & Tuleschkow (1930) reported that there were
15 specimens in the collection of the Royal Entomological Station - Sofia,
collected on 1-19. VI. 1911 by Chorbadzhiev in the surroundings of Burgas.
Despite its reported abundance, the population on the Coastal strip appears now
to be extinct due to a complete degradation of the habitat (see below); to my
knowledge, so far there has been no attempt to ascertain the fate of the
population of Chengene Skelya.

On 16.V1.1929, during an expedition of the Royal Entomological Station -
Sofia to Mt. Alibotush in SW Bulgaria, K. Tuleshkov captured a single
completely fresh specimen of tessellum in the northern foothills of Chengene
Kale ridge near Petrovo village (Tuleschkow 1929). I am not aware of any
attempt to rediscover this population ever since.

Further material of tessellum exists in the collection of A. Slivov kept in the
InstitLite of Zoology - Sofia (IZS). There is a single male with label data
"[Kresna gorge in SW Bulgaria,] sp. St. Kresna [the railway stop "Stara
Kresna"], 04.06.1988 [A. Slivov leg.]", and two males with label data "[SW
Bulgaria, Mt. Belasitsa] h. Belasiza ["Belasitsa" chalet], 26-29-VI.1981, leg. Al.
Slivov" (Fig. 2). These previously unpublished localities are fully plausible but
require confirmation on account of the numerous cases of clear mislabellings in
the materials of A. Slivov (cf Kolev 2002).

Phegea2>\ ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 18

Fig. 3: Records of Muschampia tessellum in Bulgaria. 1- the northern outskirts of Burgas, the
Coastal strip between Atanasovsko Ezero lake and the Black Sea (Tschorbadjiew 1915); 2 - the
Southern outskirts of Burgas, the Coastal locality "Chengene Skelya" (Tschorbadjiew 1915); 3 - "[In
the northern foothills of Chengene Kale [ridge near Petrovo village] by Bistritsa river, 16.06. [1929],
one completely fresh specimen]" (Tuleschkow 1929); 4.- 2(5': "[Mt.] Belasica [near "Belasitsa"
chalet], 26-29.VI.1981 [A. Slivov leg.]", in need of confirmation; 5.- Ic5': "sp. St. Kresna [the railway
stop "Stara Kresna"], 04.06.1988 [A. Slivov leg.]", in need of confirmation.

Muschampia proto (Ochsenheimer, [1808)) (Fig. 4). There is only a single,
recently published record from Bulgaria (Abadjiev 2001), which is based on a
single male in coll. IZS with label data "[SW Bulgaria, Mt,] Belasica [near
"Belasitsa" chalet - A. Slivov, pers. comm.], 15.04.1975, leg. A. Slivov". This
record is doubtful and requires confirmation for reasons detailed by Kolev
(2002).

Conclusion

The SLirprising discovery of Muschampia crihrellum as new to Bulgaria should,
and hopefully will, once again attract attention to the rich and unusual butterlly
fauna in the surroundings of Burgas, unjustly neglected in recent decades by
lepidopterists. Apart from the skippers Muschampia tessellum and M. crihrellum
this fauna includes other species that are rare and very local in Bulgaria, most
notably Coenonympha oedippus (Fabricius, 1787) (the only locality in the
country!), Melitaea arduinna (Esper, [1783]) and M. hritomartis Assmann,
1847. These three species were all collecled by P. Chorbadzhiev in the early XX
century, and more recent observations are lacking.

rhcyeaM { 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 19

Fig. 4. Records of Muschampia proto and M cribrellum in Bulgaria. 1.- M. proto: [Mt.] Belasica
[near "Belasitsa" chalet - A. Slivov, pers. comm.], 15.04.1975, leg. Al. Slivov" (Abadjiev 2001); in
need of confirmation; 2.- M crihrellutrr. "Burgas, 10.8.[19]74, S[evar]. Zagorchinov [leg.]”; the dot
is plotted, due to lack of fuller data, so as to correspond to the city of Burgas.

New search for all these species and their habitats is urgently needed in order to
establish whether they still occur in the environs of Burgas and if so, to gather
data on their ecological preferences and conservation status. The latter objective
is particularly important because Burgas is an expanding and heavily
industrialized city, and loss of species-rich habitats is certain to occur without
proper ecological data and conservation efforts to prevent it. For example, in
June 1999 I visited the narrow strip of land between Atanasovsko lake and the
sea (where, as was said above, Chorbadzhiev found M tessellum in 1910 and
1911) with the specific purpose to establish whether this species might still occur
there. However, any habitats that have existed there in the early XX century are
long gone; the Southern end of the strip is partly beach and partly in small-scale
agricultural use while the rest is occupied by a salt extraction plant, with the
concurrent physical degradation of its near surroundings. What little of the
accessible area (outside the perimeter of the plant) was left outside human use
was overgrown by a species-poor ruderal vegetation which, not surprisingly,
hosted a very poor butterfly fauna consisting of generalist and migrant species.

With regard to genus Muschampia in Bulgaria, it stands out as being perhaps
the most poorly known genus of diumal Lepidoptera in the country. lts three
species are known only from sporadic and, in several cases, doubtful records,
and there are practically no data regarding even the precise nature of their

PhegeaM (1) (1.III.2003): 20

habitats let alone their biology. Research focused specifically upon these species
is most desirable.

Acknowledgements

I am grateful to the staff of Museum of Natural History - Burgas and Mr.
Alexander Slivov (Sofia) for their kind permission to study their respective
collections and for the relevant Information.

References

Abadjiev, S. P., 2001. A)i Atlas of the Distribution of the Butterflies in Bnlgaria (Lepidoptera:
Hesperioidea & Papilionoidea). — Pensoft Publishers, Sofia - Moscow, 335 pp.

Buresch, I. & Tuleschkow, K., 1930. [Die horizontale Verbreitung der Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera)
in Bulgarien]. 11. — Mitt. königl. nat. Inst. Sofia 3: 145-248 (in Bulgarian).

Gorbunov, P. Y., 2001. The butterflies of Russia: classification, genitalia, keys for identiflcation
(Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea). — “Thesis”, Ekaterinburg, 320 pp.

Kolev, Z., 2002. Critical notes on some recent butterfly records (Lepidoptera; Papilionoidea &
Hesperioidea) from Bulgaria and their source collection. — Phegea 30: 95-101 .

Korshunov, Y. P., & Gorbunov, P. Y., 1995. [The butterflies of the Asian part of Russia; A reference
guide]. — Izdatefstvo Urafskogo universiteta, Yekaterinburg, 202 pp (In Russian).

Kudma, O., 2002. The Distribution Atlas of European Butterflies. — Oedippus 20:1-342.

Lorkovic, Z., 1983. A new Syrichtus and two doubtful Pyrgus species for the fauna of Yugoslavia
(Lep., Hesperiidae). — Acta entomol. Jugoslavica 19: 33^1.

Schaider, P. & Jaksic, P., 1989. Die Tagfalter von jugoslawisch Mazedonien. — Paul Schaider,
München, 177 pp., 46 pis.

Tolman, T. W., 2001. Photographic Guide to the Butterflies of Britain and Europe. — Oxford
University Press, xvi + 305 pp.

Tolman, T. W. & Lewington, R., 1997. Butterflies of Britain and Europe. — Collins Eield Guide
Series, Harper Collins Publishers, 320 pp., 104 pis.

Tschorbadjiew, P., 1915. Beitrag zur Macro- und Microlepidopteren-Fauna von Burgas. —
Sammelwerk der Buig. Akad. Wiss. 5: 1-78 (in Bulgarian).

Tuleschkow, K., 1929. Beitrag zur Lepidopterenfauna des Alibotusch Gebirges in Mazedonien. —
Arb. buig. nat. Ges. 14: 151-165 (in Bulgarian).

Phegea M ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 2 1

Quelques ajouts a la distribution géographique des
Hétérocères de Belgique (Lepidoptera)

R. H. Nyst

Abstract. Some additional information on the geographical distribution of Heterocera in
Belgium (Lepidoptera)

The author mentions some Lepidoptera species which are new for the provinces of Brabant-
Wallon and Liège. A complete list of all published Belgian records of Mythimna vitellina
(Hübner, [ 1 808]) is given.

Samenvatting. Enkele bijkomende gegevens over de geografische verspreiding van
Heterocera in België (Lepidoptera)

De auteur vermeldt enkele soorten Lepidoptera die nieuw zijn voor de provincies Waals-Brabant
en Luik. Tevens wordt een volledige lijst gegeven van alle gepubliceerde waarnemingen in
België van Mythimna vitellina (Hübner, [1808]).

Key words: Heterocera - Lepidoptera - faunistics - Belgium.

Nyst, R. H.; Bd. de Dixmude 17, B-IOOO Bruxelles.

II ne me parait pas utile de laisser passer Ie temps, même si notre climat
inquiétant ne m'a permis de recueillir que peu de données en ce 2002! Tandis
que ma santé n'améliorait pas les choses! Dans la petite liste ci-dessous j'ai fait
référence a la pagination du précieux catalogue de W. De Prins (1998). Les
espèces signalées sans autre indication complètent mes précédents relevés de la
faune d'Ottignies (Nyst 1993, 2001). Si, de plus, elles ne sont pas signalées du
Brabant postérieurement a 1980, je les ai fait suivre du •.

Phyllonoiycter genicitlella (Ragonot, 1874) (p. 42)

Ypsolopha parenthesella (Linnaeus, 1761) (p. 46) •

Acleris kochiella (Goeze, 1783) (p. 89) •

Epagoge grotiana (Fabricius, 1781) (p. 90)

Pcmdemis cinnamomeatia (Treitschke, 1830) (p. 91) •

Gypsonoma dealbana (Frölich, 1828) (p. 97) •

Notocelia cynoshatella (Linnaeus, 1758) (p. 98) •

Rhyacionia pinicolana (Doubleday, 1849) (p. 98) •

Pammene regiana {ZeWer, 1849) (p. 100)

Eudonia mercurella (Linnaeus, 1758) (p. 1 15)

Sitochroa palealis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (p. 1 19)

Idaea seriata 1802) (p. 149)

Plemyria ruhiginata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (p. 152)

Acronicta aitricoma (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (p. 162) •

Trisateles emortiialis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (p. 166)

Nola confusalis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1847) (p. 183)

Toujours en rapport avec Ie Brabant Je note une nouvelle capture en mai
2002 d'un exemplaire de Pareulype berberata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775).

PhegeaM ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 22

Ceci pour confirmer les relevés de M. Taymans (2001) et de moi-même (Nyst
2001a).

Par ailleurs, Ie hasard aimant la fantaisie a permis a ma petite-fdle de prendre
Ciyphia muralis (Forster, 1771) a Vierset ce qui permet de lui mettre un • dans
la colonne Liège.

Je garde pour la bonne bouche la capture exceptionnelle que ma jeune
entomologiste a pu faire au même endroit, Ie 22 aoüt 2002, d'un exemplaire de
Mythimna vitellina (Hübner, [1808]). Je remercie particulièrement M. Willy De
Prins d'avoir consacré son temps a rechercher dans les archives les trés rares
captures signalées de ce migrateur en Belgique. Je me permets de reproduire ici
la liste compléte qu'il a bien voulu me communiquer. II s'agit des 27 exemplaires
suivants:

Buysinghen (Brabant), ancienne observation, 1 ex., leg. J. Van Schepdael
(Hackray & Sarlet 1977: 208).

Torgny (Luxembourg), ancienne observation, 1 ex., leg. J. Van Schepdael
(Hackray & Sarlet 1977: 208).

Liége (Liége), 1935, 1 ex., leg. A. Wéry (Hackray & Sarlet 1977: 208).
Marcinelle (Hainaut), 1938, 6 ex., leg. Fontaine (Hackray & Sarlet 1977: 208).
Fays-Polleur (Liége), 1938, 5 ex., leg. Dasse & J. Hackray (Hackray & Sarlet
1977: 208).

Petit Han (Luxembourg), 1975, 1 ex., leg. Poncin (Hackray & Sarlet 1977: 208).
Cognelée (Namur), 1975, 2 ex., leg. Lecomte (Hackray & Sarlet 1977: 208).
Schilde (Anvers), 23.IX.1987, 1$, leg. G. De Prins (Vermandel 1988: 70,
Vanholder e/ c//. 1995: 50).

Maasmechelen (Limbourg), 07.IX.1991, 1 ex., leg. G. Thone (Vermandel &
Vanholder 1 994: 44, Vanholder et al 1 995: 50).

Haaltert (Flandre oriëntale), 14.1X.1992, 1(5', leg. B. Vanholder (Vermandel
1993: 35, Vanholder e/ (7/. 1995: 50).

Biron (Luxembourg), 15.IX.1992, 1 ex., leg. T. Sierens (Vermandel 1993: 35,
Vanholder e/ c//. 1995: 50).

Beerse (Anvers), 21. IX. 1992, 1 ex., leg. L. Dufraing (Vermandel 1993: 35,
Vanholder 6//. 1995:50).

Sint-Margriete (Flandre oriëntale), 30.IX.1992, 1 ex., leg. M. Van Opstaele
(Vermandel 1993: 35, Vanholder e/ <://. 1995: 50).

Zomergem (Flandre oriëntale), 25.1X.1993, 1 ex., leg. T. Sierens (Vermandel &
Vanholder 1 994: 44, De Prins 1 994: 121, Vanholder et al. 1 995: 50).

Esneux (Liége), 24.X.1996, 1 ex., leg. P. Cluck (Vanholder 1997: 51).

Wenduine (Flandre occidentale), 07. X. 2000, 1 ex., leg. A. De Turck (Vanholder
2001: 52).

Vierset (Liége), 22.V111.2002, 1 ex., leg. Capucine Nyst (présent article).

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Vanholder, B., 2001. Trekvlinders in 2000, zeventiende jaarverslag (Lepidoptera). — Phegea 29(2):
41-62.

Vanholder, B., De Turek, A., Glabeke, G., Misonne, B., Troukens, W., Van Opstaele, M. &
Vermandel, E., 1995. De Belgische Trekvlinders en dwaalgasten (10 jaar Belgisch

trekvlinderonderzoek). — Entomobrochure 6: 1-76, 6 planches couleurs.

Vermandel, E., 1988. Trekvlinders in 1987, vierde jaarverslag (Lepidoptera). — Phegea 16(3): 65-
76.

Vermandel, E., 1993. Trekvlinders in 1992, negende jaarverslag (Lepidoptera). — Phegea 21(2): 29-
43.

Vermandel, E. & Vanholder, B., 1994. Trekvlinders in 1993, tiende jaarverslag (Lepidoptera). —
Phegea 22(2): 37-52.

Phegea n ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 24

New species of African Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera:
Platygastridae)

Peter Neerup Buhl

Samenvatting. Nieuwe soorten Afrikaanse Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae)
Zeven nieuwe soorten Platygastridae worden beschreven uit Afrika: Leptacis graciliveulhs, L.
hihoi, L. microcera, Platygaster flagellata, P. matiischanskavasky'i, P. natalemis en P. setosa.

Résumé. Espèces nouvelles de Platygastrinae Africain (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae)

Sept espèces nouvelles de Platygastrinae sont décrites en provenance d'Afrique: Leptacis
graciliventris, L. luboi, L. microcera, Platygaster flagellata, P. matuschanskavasky’i, P.
natalensis et P. setosa.

Key words: Hymenoptera - Platygastridae - Leptacis - Platygaster - Africa - new species,
Buhl, P.N.: Troldhojvej 3, DK-3310 01sted (Denmark).

All the 7 new species (types and paratypes) described below are preserved in
the Museum of Zoology, Lund University (Sweden). They were part of a loan of
platygastrids by courtesy of curator Roy Danielsson.

Leptacis graciliventris sp. nov. (fig. 1)

Material examined. Holotype $: Republic of South Africa, Cape Province, Tsitsikama, Forest
Park, Stormsrivier (33°58'S 23°54'E) 14-1 6.X. 1994 (R. Danielsson).

Description. $: Colour brownish black, Tl lighter; A1-A6 and legs
yellowish; mandibles, A7-A10 and last segment of tarsi brown. Head smooth,
from above 1.8x as wide as long, 1.1 x as wide as thorax; occipital carina
distinct, vertex distinctly elevated medially. Lateral ocelli separated from eye by
their diameter. Head from front 1.05x as wide as high. Al hardly 0.9x as long as
height of head. A2 one-third as long as Al, twice as long as A3 which is hardly
twice as long as wide. A4 1.4x as long as A3, 2.5x as long as wide. A5 about
half as long as A4. A7 1.4x as long as wide, A8-A9 wider, each 1.2x as long as
wide. AIO hardly 1.7x as long as A9, Mesosoma 1.7x as long as wide, 1.2x as
high as wide. Sides of pronotum smooth. Mesoscutum smooth, faintly sculptured
anteriorly, uniformly and rather densely hairy, without notauli; hind margin
hardly convex. Mesopleura smooth. Scutellum (fig. 1) smooth and hairy as
mesoscutum, spine and lamella hardly present. Metapleura smooth, with whitish
pilosity posteriorly. Propodeal carinae rather low, brownish, slightly curved.
Fore wing hardly as long as body (22:23), 2.9x as long as wide, whitish, with
fine dense hairs; marginal cilia hardly 0.15 width of wing. Hind wing 7.8x as
long as wide; marginal cilia 0.6 width of wing. Metasoma longer than head and
mesosoma combined (25:23), as wide as thorax, 2.5x as long as wide. Tl about
1.2x as long as wide, with almost parallel sides, shiny, with some faint carinae.
T2 1.4x as long as wide, with pilosity in small basal foveae, rest smooth and
bare. T3-T6 combined half as long as T2, smooth except for scattered tracés of
rcticLilation, with a few rather superflcially implanted hairs; T6 pointed, 1.75x as
wide as long.

Phcgcay \ (1)(1. II 1.2003): 25

Fig. 1 : Leptacis graciliventris sp. nov., female scutellum.

Fig. 2; Leptacis luboi sp. nov., female scutellum.

Figs. 3^: Leptacis microcera sp. nov. female - 3. Antenna; 4. Scutellum. Scale bar = 0.25 mm.

Comments. Runs to L. risbeci Masner, 1960 in Masner's (1960) key to
African Leptacis, but this species has A3 and A4 of nearly equal length.

Leptacis luboi sp. nov. (fig. 2)

Material examined. Holotype $: Republic of South Africa, Cape Province, Nature's Valley, at
Groot Rivier (33°58'S 23°33'E) 15-17.X.1994 (R. Danielsson). Paratype: 1$ same data.

Description. $: Length 1.05 mm. Colour blackish; antennae, mandibles and
legs light brown, A8-A10 darker. Head from above 1.8x as wide as long, very
slightly wider than thorax; occiput smooth, with a few faint transverse wrinkles
and a high carina; vertex and frons finely reticulate, frons smooth medially;
lateral ocelli separated from eye by slightly less than their diameter. Head from
front fully l.lx as wide as high. Al hardly shorter than height of head. A2 0.25x
as long as Al. A3 hardly 0.5x as long as A2, 1.4x as long as wide. A4 1.8x as
long as A3, 2.5x as long as wide. A5 about half as long as A4, hardly longer
than wide. A7-A10 forming club, A7 hardly transverse, A8-A9 each 1.25x as
wide as long, AIO 1.75x as long as A9. Mesosoma 1.6x as long as wide, fully
l.lx as high as wide. Sides of pronotum smooth, fmely reticulate in upper
anterior corner. Mesoscutum smooth, rather densely and uniformly hairy,
without notauli; hind margin almost straight. Mesopleura smooth. Scutellum
(fig. 2) sculptured and hairy as mesoscutum, with a very small spine and a small
semitransparent lamella below. Metapleura smooth and bare except posteriorly.
Propodeal carinae high and semitransparent, slightly curved. Fore wing fully
l.lx as long as body, 2.8x as long as wide, with faint yellowish tint and dense
hairs on disc; marginal cilia almost 0.3 width of wing. Hind wing about lOx as

PhegeaM ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 26

long as wide; marginal cilia fully 1.1 width of wing. Metasoma as long as head
and mesosoma combined, very slightly wider than thorax. Tl hardly as long as
wide, densely pubescent laterally, with a couple of weak carinae and an even
weaker medial one. T2 with hairy basal foveae, 1.2x as long as wide. T3-T6
combined hardly 0.4x as long as T2, smooth, with several rather deeply
implanted hairs.

Comments. Named after Dr. Lubomir ("Lubo") Masner, Ottawa. In scutellar
spine most similar to L. celisi (Risbec, 1958), L. risbeci Masner, 1960, and L.
graciliventris sp. nov., but it differs from all these most readily in antennal
structure, cf Masner (1960) and above.

Leptacis microcera sp. nov. (figs. 3^)

Material examined. Holotype $: Siërra Leone, S. of Freetown, close to Sussex (8°20'N 13°1 l'W)
30. XI. 1993 (Lund University Siërra Leone Expedition 1993 - L. Cederholm, R. Danielsson, R. Hall).

Description. $; Length 0.6 mm. Colour dark brown; A1-A4 and legs
yellowish. Head from above hardly 2.0x as wide as long, 1.3x as wide as thorax.
Occiput distinctly transversely reticulate-coriaceous, with a complete carina;
vertex and frons almost smooth. Lateral ocelli separated from eye by slightly less
than their diameter. Head from front 1.3x as wide as high. Antenna (fig. 3) with
Al 0.9x as long as height of head. A4 hardly longer than A5, hardly twice as
long as wide. A8-A9 each very slightly longer than wide. Flagellar pubescence
distinct. Mesosoma 1.7x as long as wide, 1.25x as high as wide. Sides of
pronotum smooth except for reticulation in anterior corner. Mesoscutum finely
reticulate-coriaceous, with scattered hairs and without notauli, hind margin
straight. Mesopleura smooth. Scutellum (Fig. 4) at level of mesoscutum, with a
straight spine which reaches about middle of propodeum, with a lamella below.
Metapleura smooth, with pubescence along hind margin. Propodeal carinae low,
straight, not semitransparent. Fore wing with scattered long hairs on disc, almost
clear; marginal cilia fully 0.4 width of wing. Hind wing with marginal cilia
slightly longer than width of wing. Metasoma l.lx as long as mesosoma,
narrower than this (11:12). Tl hardly as long as wide, with a few hairs. T2
smooth, with small basal foveae and a few hairs. T3-T6 short, combined about
0.4x as long as T2, with fme microsculpture.

Comments. Runs to L. kivuemis (Risbec, 1958) in Masner's (1960) key to
females of African Leptacis, but kivuemis and microcera have very different
antennal structure. L. microcera is also somewhat similar to L. pumilio Masner,
1960 (only male known), but this species has no occipital carina, cf Masner
(1960).

Platy gaster flageHata sp. nov. (figs. 5-7)

Material examined. Holotype $: Repiiblie of South Afriea, Cape Pro\ inec, Plattenbergbaai
(34°03’S 23°22'E) I7.X.1994 (R. Danielsson).

Description. Female: Length 1.1 mm. Colour shiny black; anlennae and legs
dark brown; both ends of tibiae, and segments 1^ ol'all tarsi, light brown. Head
from above (lig. 5) 1.8x as wide as long, fully l.lx as wide as thorax. Occiput
rather llncly but densely transversely striated; vertex Unely transversely

riwgca?>\ (1) (1.111.2003): 27

reticLilate; frons smooth, with numerous wrinkles around antennal insertions.
Head froin front wider than high (25:22). Antenna (fig. 6) with Al shorter than
height of head (9:1 1). Mesosoma 1.4x as long as wide, very slightly higher than
wide. Sides of pronotum smooth, with scattered hairs. Mesoscutum with sparse
hairs, longitudinally reticulate-coriaceous, smooth laterally and posteriorly;
notauli absent; mid lobe distinctly prolonged to base of scutellum; scuto-
scLitellar grooves covered by distinct hairs. Mesopleura smooth. Scutellum
evenly convex, above mesoscutum, smooth, with scattered hairs, slightly
transverse. Metapleura with whitish pilosity all over. Propodeal carinae short and
dark, area between them smooth and shiny, distinctly transverse. Fore wing
reaching apex of metasoma, almost clear, densely hairy but in basal third almost
bare, 2.4x as long as wide; marginal cilia hardly 0.1 width of wing. Hind wing
4.6x as long as wide, with two frenal hooks; marginal cilia slightly more than
0.2 width of wing. Metasoma (fig. 7) longer than head and mesosoma combined
(24:21), hardly 0.9x as wide as thorax, 1.5x as wide as high. Tl evenly
crenulated. T2 with a few striae in weak basal foveae to 0.4 of length, with a few
very short wrinkles medially. T3-T6 smooth, T3-T5 each with a medially
interrupted transverse row of rather superficially implanted hairs, T6 with hairs
laterally.

Comments. Differs from the Platygaster-s^Qc'xQS described from South Africa
by Sundholm (1970) in having flagellar segments much more slender.

Platygaster matuschanskavaskyi sp. nov. (fig. 8)

Material examined. Holotype $: Swaziland, 3 km N Simunye (26° 1 I'S 31°57'E) 27.X.1994 (R.
Danielsson). Paratypes: 2$, Repiiblic of South Africa, Cape Province, Koomplanskloof, 10 km S
Citrusdal, 200-270 m (32°40'S 19°01'E) 4-6.X.1994 (R. Danielsson).

Description. $: Length 1.3-1. 4 mm. Colour black, antennae and legs dark
brown, apex of A2 and entire A3 lighter (in holotype only); apex of fore femur,
basal half and apex of all tibiae, and segments 1-4 of all tarsi light brown. Head
from above 1.9x as wide as long, 1.2x as wide as thorax, strongly narrowed
behind eyes; occiput densely and rather strongly transversely striated; vertex
reticulate, with fme irregular rugosity and with transverse wrinkles; frons fan-
like striated, transversely striated above antennae, in upper half also with fine
irregular rugosity. Lateral ocelli separated from eye by 1.2 their diameter;
OOL:POL:LOL = 8:21:10. Head from front 1.3x as wide as high. Antenna with
Al shorter than height of head (10:13); A2 1.2x as long as A3-A4 combined,
almost 3x as long as wide; A3 hardly 0.6x as long as A4; A4 1.7x as long as
wide, fully l.lx as long as A5 which is 1.5x as long as wide; A7-A9 each about
1.2x as long as wide; AIO 1.6x as long as A9. Mesosoma 1.5x as long as wide,
hardly l.lx as high as wide. Sides of pronotum smooth, with scattered hair-
implantations. Mesoscutum almost smooth, with faint tracés of longitudinal
microsculpture, with scattered hairs; notauli very faintly indicated throughout,
mid lobe slightly prolonged but hardly reaching base of scutellum; scuto-
scutellar grooves rather wide, with few hairs. Mesopleura smooth. Scutellum
evenly convex, slightly above mesoscutum and somewhat denser hairy than this,
smooth. Metapleura with whitish pilosity all over, but not dense. Propodeal
Phegea3\ ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 28

carinae short, dark, smooth area between them much transverse. Fore wing
reaching base of T6, clear, bare in basal half, 2.4x as long as wide; marginal cilia
very short. Hind wing 4.6x as long as wide, with two frenal hooks; marginal
cilia 0.2 width of wing. Metasoma (fig. 8) very slightly longer than head and
mesosoma combined (58:55), hardly narrower than thorax, 1.9x as wide as high.
Tl strongly and evenly crenulated. T2 striated in basal foveae to hardly 0.5 of
length, between foveae with a couple of striae to one-seventh of length. T3-T6
smooth, T3-T5 each with a complete transverse row of distinct hair-
implantations, T6 with hairs laterally. Stemite 2 very slightly produced
anteriorly.

Comments. Named in memory of Mr. Walter Matuschanskavasky (Matthau),
USA (1920-2000). The holotype is somewhat brighter coloured than the
paratypes which are also weaker sculptured on head and stronger sculptured on
mesoscutum than holotype. The species differs from the Platy^gaster-s\)QC\QS
described by Sundholm (1970) most readily in the distinctly sculptured frons.

Platygaster natalensis sp. nov. (figs. 9-11)

Material examined. Holotype $; Republic of South Africa, Natal, Richards Bay (28°46'S
32°04'E) 24.x. 1994 (R. Danielsson).

Description. $: Length 1.15 mm. Colour black, antennae dark brown, basal
half of Al lighter; fore leg light brown except darkened coxa, femur only
slightly darkened; mid leg light brown except darkened coxa and basal half of
femur; hind leg dark brown except slightly lighter tibia and tarsus. Head from
above (fig. 9) 1.8x as wide as long, nearly 1.2x as wide as thorax; occiput
rounded, bare, shiny, evenly and slightly transversely reticulate-coriaceous;
vertex with a few fine punctures and evenly reticulate-coriaceous, with smaller
meshes than on occiput; frons faintly and evenly reticulate-coriaceous, with
weak transverse wrinkles above antennal insertions. Head from front 1.2x as
wide as high. Antenna with Al 0.8x as long as height of head; A2 2.3x as long
as wide, about as long as A3-A4 combined; A3 1.3x as long as wide; A4 fully
1 .5x as long as A3, 1 .3x as wide as this, 1 .5x as long as wide; A5 hardly shorter
than A4, 1.25x as wide as this; A6-A9 about equal, 1.25x as wide as A5, each
1 . 1 X as wide as long; AIO 1 .6x as long as. A9. Mesosoma nearly 1 .6x as long as
wide, very slightly higher than wide. Sides of pronotum finely reticulate-
coriaceous with broad smooth hind mafgin. Mesoscutum with few hairs; mid
lobe finely reticulate-coriaceous in anterior half, smooth in posterior half; lateral
lobes smooth; notauli complete, mid lobe rather broad posteriorly, very slightly
prolonged; scuto-scutellar grooves narrow, hardly hairy. Mesopleura smooth.
Scutellum (fig. 10) finely and evenly reticulate-coriaceous except anteriorly,
sparsely hairy. Metapleura with dense whitish pilosity all over. Propodeal
carinae nearly parallel, area between them smooth, about as long as wide. Fore
wing 0.8x as long as body, 2.5x as long as wide, with weak yellowish tint,
rather densely hairy except at extreme base; marginal cilia at their longest 0.1
width of wing. Hind wing 6.0x as long as wide, with two frenal hooks; marginal
cilia one-third the width of wing. Metasoma (fig. 1 1 ) hardly as long as head and

r/wgca?>\ (1)(1. II 1.2003): 29

mesosoma combined (24:25), about as wide as thorax, 1.4x as wide as high. Tl
with two widely separated iongitudinal carinae, area between them smooth
except tbr a few short crenulae along anterior margin. Tl laterally distinctly
hairy. T2 with deep and smooth but hairy basal foveae which are 1 .3x as long as
Tl, area between foveae with a few short striae to hardly 0.2 the length of
tergite, rest of T2 smooth. T3-T5 smooth, T3 with a few hairs laterally, T4-T5
each with a complete transverse row of superficially implanted hairs; T6 with
scattered hairs and tracés of reticulation.

Comments. Differs distinctly from the other known Platygaster-spQc'xQS of
the Afrotropical region by having occiput rounded, without striae, and notauli
complete.

Platygaster setosa sp. nov. (figs. 12-13)

Malerial examined. Holotype S'- Republic of South Africa, Cape Pro\ince, Tsitsikama, Forest
Park, Stormsrivier (33°58'S 23°54'E) 14-16. X. 1994 (R. Danielsson). Paratype: 1 $, Stormsrivier Pass
(33°59’S 23°55’E) 19.X.1994 (R. Danielsson).

Description. S'- Length 1.0 mm. Colour blackish, A1-A2 and legs brownish
yellow, A3-A10 brown. Head from above (fig. 12) 2.0x as wide as long, fully
l.lx as wide as thorax. Occiput with numerous hairs, smooth medially,
reticLilate-coriaceous laterally, with strong carina; vertex reticulate-coriaceous
laterally and between ocelli, rest smooth; frons smooth. Head from front wider
than high (13:1 1). Antenna (fig. 13) with Al longer than height of head (19:18),
hairs of tlagellum very short. Mesosoma 1.5x as long as wide, hardly as high as
wide (22:23). Sides of pronotum with dense hair-implantations and some weak
reticulation. Mesoscutum unifomily and rather densely hairy, fmely reticulate-
coriaceous anteriorly, rest smooth; notauli complete; midlobe slightly prolonged,
scuto-scutellar grooves narrow, triangular, with a few hairs. Mesopleura smooth.
Scutellum hardly convex, at level of mesoscutum, hairy as this, almost smooth,
in dorsal view transverse, with margined sides. Metapleura with distinct whitish
pilosity all over. Propodeal carinae dark, low, parallel; area between them
smooth, about as long as wide. Fore wing l.lx as long as body, with yellowdsh
tint but clear in basal 0.25 wdth imaginary subcostal and basal veins darker,
rather densely hairy all over; marginal cilia slightly more than 0.1 width of wing.
Hind wing 5.8x as long as wide, with two frenal hooks; marginal cilia one-third
the width of wing. Metasoma as long as head and mesosoma combined, fully as
wide as thorax (24:23). Tl 1.8x as wide as long, medially smooth, bare and with
three Iongitudinal carinae close together, laterally with numerous hairs. T2 with
long and distinct basal foveae, without striae but with a few hairs, tergite also
hairy laterally. T3-T7 combined 0.4x as long as T2, smooth, with a few rather
superficially implanted hairs.

Female: Much damaged but head and mesosoma essentially as male.
Flagellar segments distinctly longer than wide. Metasoma fully as long as head
and mesosoma combined.

PhegeaM ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 30

Figs. 5-7: Platygasler fhigeltafa sp. nov. 1'emale - 5. Hcad from above; 6. Antenna; 7. Mctasonia.

Fig. 8: Plalygasler niütuschanskavaskyi sp. nov., fcmalc mctasonia.

Figs. 9-11: Platyga.ster natalensis sp. nov. fcmalc - 9. Hcad from above; 10. Scutcllum; 11.
Mctasonia.

Figs. 12-13: Platygaster setosa sp. nov. male - 12. Hcad from above; 13. Antenna.

Scalc bar = 0.25 mm.

PhegcuM (1)(1.III.2(){)3): 31

Comments. A most characteristic Platygüster-s\)QC\QS on account ofgenerally
hairy body, margined occiput, imaginary wing nervature indicated by coloration,
and mesoscLitum with deep notauli and low scutellum (thoracic structure much
as in NW-European P. gracilipes Huggert, 1975).

References

Masner, L., 1960. A revision of the African species of the genus Leptacis Forst. (Hymenoptera,
Platygasteridae). — Revue de Zoologie et Botanique A frieaine 61\ 1-34.

Sundholm, A., 1970. Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950-51. Hymenoptera:
r^roetotrupoidea. — South Afriean Anima! Life, Lund, 14: 306^01 .

PhegeaM ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 32

More about Euphydryas maturna in Bulgaria
(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae)

Stanislav Abadjiev & Stoyan Beshkov

Samenvatting. Meer over Euphydryas maturna in Bulgarije (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae:
Nymphalinae)

Het voorkomen van Euphydryas maturna (Linnaeus, 1758) in Bulgarije wordt besproken. De
gekende vindplaatsen in dat land worden opgesomd. De taxonomie en de bionomie van deze
soort komen kort aan bod.

Résumé. Informations additionnelles sur Euphydryas maturna en Bulgarie (Lepidoptera:
Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae)

La présence de Euphydryas maturna (Linnaeus, 1758) en Bulgarie est discutée. Les localités
connues sont énumérées. La taxonomie et la bionomie de cette espèce sont brièvement
communiquées.

Key words: Euphydryas maturna - taxonomy - distribution - bionomics - Bulgaria

Abadjiev, Dr S.: Institute of Zoology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1, Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd,
Sofia 1000, Bulgaria (abadjiev(^bulinfo.net)

Beshkov, S.: National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1, Tsar
Osvoboditel Blvd, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria (beshkov@bulinfo.net)

Introduction

Until recently (Abadjiev 1995: 74-75) Bulgarian specimens of Euphydryas
maturna (Linnaeus, 1758) were considered a great rarity in collections and the
species was known from only two published localities. Because of the lack of
material and field observations it was impossible to make a clear review of the
taxonomie status, distribution and bionomics of the species in Bulgaria. In recent
years more material and data have been accumulated (from collecting, field
observations and museum specimens) and, as a result, some valuable additions to
the knowledge of the species in Bulgaria can be made.

Euphydryas maturna maturna (Linnaeus, 1758)

"‘'Maturna. 136. P.[apilio] N .[ymphalisY Linnaeus, C., 1758 (Systema Naturae. . . (Ed. 10) 1: 480).
Melitaea maturna L.: Rebel 1903: 167, footnote 1; Markowitsch 1909: 9; Buresch & Tuleschkow
1929: 162, 197; Buresch 1930: 222, footnote 1.

Euphydiyas maturna partiensis Varga & Santha, 1973: Varga & Santha 1973: 215, fig. 2; 216, f1g. 3.
Hypodryas maturna L.: Higgins & Riley 1984: 126; Ganev I985a: 1 16; Ganev 1985b: 1 18; Higgins
& Hargreaves 1985: 135; Whalley 1987: 80; Tolman 1997: 180.

Euphydryas maturna L.: Kudma 1986: 242.

Euphvdrvas {Hypodryas) maturna maturna L.: Abadjiev 1995: 11, 16, 74-75, pl. XXX, figs. 1, 2,
127;

Taxonomy

The Bulgarian maturna was attributed in 1973 by Varga & Santha (1972-
1973: 215: Abb. 2; 216: Abb. 3) to the subspecies partienis Varga & Santha,
1973, described after material from llungary, Romania and Ukraine. It should be
noted that this statement was not supported with examined material.

rhcycüM (1)(1. 111.2003): 33

Subsequently, Abadjiev (1995: 74) suggested that Bulgarian populations belong
to noininotypical maturna.

The additional material (21cJ, 1 $) available from Bulgaria now supports the
latter view. Most of our specimens do not display the taxonomie characters of
partiensis (e. g. well developed discal and postdiscal patterns, etc.) (see also
Figs. 2-3). Apart from this, it should be pointed out that there are no substantial
geographical or other environmental barriers between the respective ranges of
nominotypical maturna and ssp. partiensis in SE Europe which raises the
possibility that partiensis may be consubspecific with nominotypical maturna.

Distribution

The species occurs at low and moderate altitude in the eastern part of the
country: the regions of Dobrudzha, Ludogorie, E Stara Planina Range and Black
Sea Coast (Fig. 1 ).

EofGreenwich 23j 24j 25j 26j 27j 28j

Fig. 1. UTM map of Bulgaria showing the distribution of Eiiphvdn-as maturna maturna (Linnaeus,
1758).

Localities and material examined:

Dobrudzha

NJ15: Cherkovna: 7.VI.1999 - \S’- S. Abadjiev & M. Langourov obs. •
NJ44: Dryanovets: 6.VL1999 - 7c?, IJ: S. Abadjiev leg. et coll. (3c? in National
Museum of Natural Flistory, Sofia (NMNFIS) coll.); 10c?: S. Beshkov leg. et
coll. (Ic? in Z. Kolev coll.).

Phegea3\ ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 34

Figs. 2-3. Males of Eupliydtyas maturmi matuma (Linnaeus, I 758), Dobrudzha: Suha Reka: vicinity
of Dryanovets: 6.VI.1999 (Photo S. Beshkov).

Fig. 4. Flabitat of Eiiphydryas mafiirna maturna (Linnaeus, 1758), Dobrudzha: Suha Reka: vieinity of
Dryanovets: 6.V1.1999 (Photo S. Beshkov).

Luclogorie

MJ45; Kubrat: Seslav game reserve: 2-3.VI.1976 - A. Slivov leg.:
Institute of Zoology, Sofia (IZS) eoll. • MJ61: F^azgrad: V.1908 (Markowitseh,
1909: 9; Buresch & Tuleschkow, 1929: 162, 197; Buresch, 1930: 222: foolnole
1); (Varga & Santha, 1973: 215: Fig. 2; 216: Fig. 3; Abadjiev, 1995: 75) • M.I72:
3 km N Samuil: 8.V1.1999 - !(?: S. Abadjiev leg.: NMNllS eoll. • M.175:
Sushevo: 28. VI. 1992 1$: 1. Stoyehev leg. el eoll. (Abadjiev, 1995: 75; PI.

XXX: Figs 1,2; 127).

/V/ege(/31 (1)(1. 111.2003): 35

E Stara Planina

MH33: Cherkovnata Koriya locality N Sliven: Haberhauer (Rebel, 1903;
167: footnote 1); (Buresch & Tuleschkow, 1929: 197). Record requires
conOrmation; recent extensive collecting in Stara Planina N of Sliven bas failed
to turn up maturna there (Z. Kolev, pers. comm.).

Black Sea Coast

NG59: Veselie Camping: 26.V.1984 - IcJ: A. Slivov leg.; IZS coll. Record
requires confirmation in view of the numerous cases of doubtful or plainly
erroneous data in A. Slivov’s materials (Kolev 2002) and the fact that maturna is
not known from any other place in S Bulgaria. • NH68: Dobrogled village
WNW Varna, 200-250 m, 19.VI.1988 - 26': N. Shtinkov leg., Z. Kolev coll.

Bionomics

Euphythyas maturna is univoltine and tlies from the end of May (26.V.1984,
Veselie) till the end of June (28.VI.1992, Sushevo) (Abadjiev 1995: 75). Near
Dryanovets it was located along the fringes of the nearby mixed deciduous forest
(consisting mainly of Fraxinus, Quercus, Acer spp.) (Fig. 4), and near Samuil in
a forest clearing (with predominance of Tilia spp.). Specimens were frequently
observed feeding on the salts in moist ground or animal droppings and also
resting on the foliage of low bushes. The habitat near Dobrogled is a small,
steep-sided gorge in calcareous rock (Z. Kolev, pers. observ.); the two
specimens were collected on flowers in a small glade inside a grove of various
deciduous tree species near the bottom of the gorge. Despite intensive searches
following this discovery, no further specimens have been collected there since
(N. Shtinkov, pers. comm. to Z. Kolev). Natural hostplants and early stages still
remain unrecorded in Bulgaria.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Mr. Zdravko Kolev (Helsinki, Finland) for the
contribution of data in his possession and his critical comments on the
manuscript.

References

Abadjiev, S., 1995. Biitterflies of Bulgaria, Volume 3, Nymphalictae: Apaturiuae & Nymphalinae. —
Published by the author, Sofia, 1 59 pp.

Buresch, 1., 1930. [Zweiter Beitrag zur Schmetterlingsfauna vom Schlosspark Euxinograd, bei der
Stadt Varna am Schwarzen Meer.] — Izv. buig. ent. Druzh. 5: 207-252. [in Bulgarian].

Buresch, I. & Tuleschkow, K., 1929. [Die horizontale Verbreitung der Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera)
in Bulgarien.] — Izv. tsarsk. prirodonauch. Inst. Sof. 2: 145-250. [in Bulgarian].

Ganev, J., 1985a. Red list of Bulgarian butterflies and larger moths. — Entomologist’s Gazette 36:
1 15-118.

Ganev, J., 1985b. Systematic List of Bulgarian Rhopalocera and Grypocera (Lepidoptera). — Phegea
13 (4): 1 15-1 19.

Higgins, L. G. & Hargreaves, B., 1985. The butterflies of Britain and Europe. — Collins, London,
256 pp.

Higgins, L. G. & Riley, N. D., 1984. A field guide to the butterflies of Britain and Europe. (Lifth
edition, revised). — Collins, London, 384 pp.

Phegea 3\ (]) (1.III.2003): 36

Kolev, Z., 2002. Critical notes on some recent butterfly records (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea &
Hesperioidea) from Bulgaria and their source collection. — Phegea 30 (3): 95-101.

Kudrna, O., 1986. Biilterflies of Eiirope, Vol. 8, Aspects of the conservation ofbutterflies in Eiirope.
— Aula-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 323 pp.

Markowitsch, A., 1909. Peperudnata fauna v Razgradskata okolnost. [Lepidopterous fauna of the
Razgrad District.] — Sboniik za narodni umohweniya, naiika i knizhnina 25: 1-38.

Rebel, H., 1903. Studiën über die Lepidopterenfauna der Balkanlander. 1 Teil: Bulgarien und
Ostrumelien. — Annln naturk. Mus. IVien 18 (2-3): 123-347; Taf. 111.

Tolman, T., 1997. Butterflies of Britain & Europe. — Harper Collins Publishers, London, Glasgow,
New York, Sydney, Auckland, Toronto, Johannesburg, 320 pp., A, B + 104 pis.

Varga, Z. & Santha, G., 1972-1973. Verbreitung und taxonomische Gliederung der Euphydryas
maturna L. (Lep.: Nymphalidae) in SO-Europa {Euphydryas-?>i\xd\Q\\, 1.). — Acta biologica
Debrecina 10—11:21 3-23 1 .

Whalley, P., 1987. The Mitchel Beazley pocket guide to butterflies. — Mitchel Beazley Publishers,
London, 168 pp.

PhcgcüM (1)( 1.111.2003): 37

A new record for the Canary Islands (Coleoptera:
Aphodiidae, Aphodiinae)

Paul Schoolmeesters & Roger Van den Heuvel

Samenvatting. Een nieuwe soort voor de Canarische Eilanden (Coleoptera: Aphodiidae,
Aphodiinae)

Aphodiiis (Plagiogoniis) namis Fairmaire, 1860 wordt hier voor het eerst uit de Canarische
Eilanden \ ermeld.

Résumé. Une espèce nouvelle pour les lies Canaries (Coleoptera: Aphodiidae, Aphodiinae)
Aphodiiis (Flagiogoniis) namis Fairmaire, 1860 est mentionné ici pour la première fois des lies
Canaries.

Keywords. Coleoptera - Aphodiidae - Canary Islands - new record

Schoolmeesters, P.: Langeveldstraat, 23, B-3020 Herent, e-mail: schoolp@online.be.

Van den Heuvel, R.: St. Maartensdal 1/404, B-3000 Leuven

One specimen of Aphodius (Plagiogonus) nanus Fairmaire, 1860 was
collected on Gran Canaria, San Bartholomé de Tirajana, 22. X. 2002, leg. R.Van
den Heuvel. This species has not been mentioned from the Canary Islands before
(Maehado & Oromi 2000: 50).

Distribution: Aphodius {Plagiogonus) nanus Fairmaire, 1860 is known from
North Africa and Asia minor.

We wish to express our gratitude for the identification to Dr. Giovanii and
Dr. Marco Dellacasa.

Literature

Maehado A. & Oromi P., 2000. Elenco de los Coléoptéros de las Islas Canarias. — Instituto de
Estudios Canarios, Laguna. Monografia 70: 1-306.

Phegea3\ (1) (1. 111.2003): 38

Interessante vondst van Lithophane semibrunnea
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

B. Kindts

Abstract. Interesting record of Lithophane semibrunnea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

A specimen of Lithophane semibrunnea (Haworth, 1809) was bred from a Caterpillar found on 7
July 2002 on Fraxinus excelsior L. at Wenduine (Province of West-Flanders). The adult emerged
on 10 September 2002. This species is known from all Belgian provinces but it is observed only
sporadically.

Résumé. Capture intéressante de Lithophane semibrunnea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Le 7 juillet 2002 une chenille de Lithophane semibrunnea (Haworth, 1809) fut trouvée sur
Fraxinus excelsior L. a Wenduine (Flandre occidentale). L'adulte apparut le 10 septembre 2002.
Cette espèce est connue de toutes les provinces beiges mais elle est rarement observée.

Key words: Lithophane semibrunnea - faunistics - Belgium.

Kindts, B.: Patersstraat 48, B-9900 Eeklo.

Op 7 juli 2002 vond ik in de duinbossen te Wenduine (West-Vlaanderen op
een lage, aan de grond ontspringende zijtak van een es {Fraximis excelsior L.)
een volgroeide, groene rups die duidelijk tot de Noctuidae behoorde. Op het
eerste gezicht leek ze op de overal voorkomende Orthosia incerta (Hufnagel,
1766), die polyfaag op zeer veel verschillende struiken en loofbomen leeft en
kan gevonden worden van eind april tot eind juni en uitzonderlijk zelfs tot
midden juli. Omdat ik O. incerta nog nooit op es had verzameld, leek het me
interessant om deze rups uit te kweken. De rups verpopte en Orthosia
overwintert in dit popstadium. Het imago kon dus ten vroegste in maart 2003
verwacht worden.

Fig. 1: Lithophane semibrunnea e.l. Fraxinus excelsior 1 0. IX. 2002, België, Wesl-Vlaaiulcren,
Wencluine, leg. et coll. B. Kiiulls.

rhcirca?>\ (l)(l. III. 2003 ); 39

Groot was dan ook mijn verbazing toen reeds op 10 september 2002 een
imago in de container zat, temeer omdat het een mannelijk exemplaar van
Lithophane semihnmnea (Haworth, 1809) bleek te zijn (fig. 1), een soort die uit
alle Belgische provincies bekend is maar die slechts zeer sporadisch wordt
waargenomen.

Volgens De Prins (1998: 171) is L. semihrunnea wel bekend uit West-
Vlaanderen, maar er niet meer waargenomen na 1980. Deze waarneming
bevestigt dus het voorkomen van de soort aan de kust als standvlinder.

Bibliografie

De Prins, W., 1998. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Belgium. — Studiedocumenten van het
Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuunvetenschappen 91 : 1-236.

Inhoud:

Abadjiev, S. & Beshkov, S.: More about Eiiphydryas matiirna in Bulgaria

(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Nymphalinae) 33

Buhl, P. N.: New species of African Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera:

Platygastridae) 25

De Prins, W.: Interessante waarnemingen van Lepidoptera in België in 2002

(Lepidoptera) 1

Garrevoet, T. & Garrevoet, W.: Sesia melanocephala, a new species to the

Belgian fauna (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) 5

Groenen, F.: Acleris rhombana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) nieuw voor de

Belgische provincie Limburg 10

Groenen, F. & Larsen, K..: Cochylimorpha salinarida sp. n. (Lepidoptera,

Tortricidae: Tortricinae), a new Cochylid moth from Spain 1 1

Kindts, B.: Interessante vondst van Lithophane semibnmnea (Lepidoptera:

Noctuidae) 39

Kolev, Z.: First record of Mitschampia cribrellwn in Bulgaria, with a review of
the recorded distribution of genus Miischampia in the country (Lepidoptera:

Hesperiidae) 15

Nyst, R. H.: Quelques ajouts a la distribution géographique des Hétérocères de

Belgique (Lepidoptera) 22

Schoolmeesters, P. & Van den Fleuvel, R.: A new record for the Canary Islands
(Coleoptera: Aphodiidae, Aphodiinae) 38

verantw. uitg.; W. De Prins, Nieuwe Donk 50, B-2100 Antwerpen (Belgium) - Tel: +32-3-322.02.35
Phegea3\ ( 1 )( 1 .111.2003): 40

1

Afgiftekantoor 2170 Merksem 1 ISSN 0771-5277

Periode: april - mei - juni 2003 Erkenningsnr. P209674

Redactie: Dr. J-P. Borie (Compiègne, France), Dr. L. De Bruyn (Antwerpen), T. C. Garrevoet
(Antwerpen), B. Goater (Chandlers Ford, England), Dr. K. Maes (Gent), Dr. K. Martens (Brussel), H.
van Oorschot (Amsterdam), D. van der Poorten (Antwerpen), W. O. De Prins (Antwerpen).
Redactie-adres: W. O. De Prins, Nieuwe Donk 50, B-2100 Antwerpen (Belgium).
e-mail: willy.deprins@antwerpen.be.

Jaargang 3 1 , nummer 2

1 juni 2003

Trekvlinders in 2001, achttiende jaarverslag

(Lepidoptera)

Bart Vanholder

o

Résumé. Lépidoptères migrateurs en 2001 dix-huitième rapport (Lepidoptera),)

Rapport sur les migrateurs observés en Belgique en 2001. Nous donnons un tableau avec
Information sur les migrateurs par décade.

Abstract. Migrant Lepidoptera in 2001 eighteenth annual report (Lepidoptera)

Report on migrants observed in Belgium in 2001. A summarising table with all infonnation on
Belgian migrants and vagrants per decade is given at the end.

Key words: Migrating Lepidoptera - Belgium.

Vanholder, B.: Hoogstraat 50, B-9450 Haaltert. E-mail: bvholder@bigfoot.com.
http://www.trekvlinders.members.easyspace.com

Inleiding

In 2001 beleefden we de vierde natste lente ooit, met in haar maand april een
absoluut neerslagrecord. Daarna gingen we door de vierde natste herfst ooit, met
daarin de natste september ooit: we kunnen stellen dat 2001 niet erg
veelbelovend kon zijn op trekvlindergebied. De juist belangrijke maanden april
en september speelden daarbij een hoofdrol. Het enig lichtpuntje was de warmste
maand oktober ooit. Het jaar werd afgesloten als het natste sinds het begin van
de metingen te Ukkel! Er dienden 122 personen gegevens in, het aantal vaste
medewerkers hieronder bedroeg 94. In totaal 44 mensen stuurden eveneens
gegevens over nachtvlinders in, dit is een lichte verbetering tegen het
voorgaande jaar, ondanks het eerder magere jaar voor de trekvlinders zelf Ik
verwerkte enkel nog buitenlandse gegevens in het verslag wanneer ze maximum
20 km buiten de Belgische grens liggen. Deze data zijn fenologisch nog verwant
met onze fauna. Voor de systematiek en nomenclatuur van de besproken

Phegea^\ (2) ( 1 .VI.2003): 41

trekvlindersoorten en zwervers werd De Prins (1998) gevolgd. Als aanduiding
voor het voorkomen van vlinders wordt volgende richtlijn gevolgd:

-Regelmatig (jaarlijks voorkomend, uitzonderlijk ontbrekend gedurende 1
jaar).

-Onregelmatig (1 keer per 2 jaren, in regel niet jaarlijks voorkomend).
-Zeldzaam (max. 1 keer per 5 jaren waargenomen).

-Zeer zeldzaam (max. 1 keer per 10 jaren).

- Uitzonderlijk ( 1 keer per 20 jaren).

Figuur 1: Afwijking van de gemiddelde temperatuur per pentade te Ukkel t.o.v. de normale
temperatuur. Normale afwijking = 0°C.

Klimatologisch overzicht van 2001

Zoals hierboven gesteld kenden we een zeer natte lente en herfst met erin nog
eens twee maanden die een absoluut neerslagrecord betekenden, met name april
en september. In januari hadden reeds twee trekvlinders hun aanwezigheid
verraden: Vanessa atalanta en Macroglossum stellatavum. Voor beide soorten
werden aanwijzingen gevonden dat het om pogingen tot overwintering ging. In
februari werd dit nog duidelijker voor de atalanta met verdere waarnemingen op
de warmere dagen. Meer merkwaardig was dat er eveneens een Vanessa cardui
in februari gevonden werd, een soort die niet dadelijk als mogelijke
overwinteraar bij ons bekend staat. Er is in februari ook nooit echt gunstig
migratieweer opgetekend, maar wel waren de temperaturen hoger dan normaal
tijdens de maritieme stromingen bij het begin van de maand. De winter werd
zacht maar nat afgesloten met enkel in maart vijf vorstdagen, 3 minder dan het

Phegean (2) (l.Vl.2003): 42

normale. Het is dan ook niet verwonderlijk dat er nog slechts één atalanta werd
gezien gedurende de hele maand maart die zeer somber was. Het neerslagrecord
van april volgde de natte maand maart op en dus was er voor vlinders niet veel
ruimte. Enkel de atalanta en de meekrapvlinder (M stellatarum), maakten van
regenweer geen punt. De aantallen waren wel laag voor de lentemaand. Enkel
naar het einde van de maand werden trekvlinders opgemerkt, er heersten toen
zachtere, maritieme stromingen uit het zuiden. De maand mei moest met haar
warnie temperaturen veel goed maken, maar echt tropische stromingen die de
meer "exotische" trekvlinders naar hier kunnen halen, bleven uit. We begonnen
echter toch aan de normale trekvlindersoorten zoals Aiitographa gamma en
Agrotis ipsilon en vooral een vroege NomophUa noctuella was opmerkelijk. In
juni werden deze aantallen verder opgebouwd en vooral de M steUatanim kende
een gunstig verloop. Het aantal soorten trekvlinders was eerder zeer laag voor de
maand juni. Er kwamen slechts twee dagen voor met tropische stroming,
namelijk op de 23^^® en de zodat dat wellicht de verklaring was waarom
enkel de regelmatige trekvlinders hier gezien werden. We moesten op de warme
julimaand wachten om andere, vertrouwde trekvlinders te zien zoals: Plutella
xylostella, Udea ferrugalis, Agrius convolvuli en Mythimna unipiincta. De
afwezigheid van tropische of subtropische stromingen was ervoor
verantwoordelijk dat het steeds om zeer lage aantallen ging van verschillende
regelmatige trekvlinders; A. convolvuli, U. ferrugalis, N. noctuella haalden het
dieptepunt sinds een decennium. Van volgende regelmatige trekvlinders zijn er
zelfs geen Belgische waarnemingen bekend uit 2001: Diasemia reticularis,
Colias hyale, Helicoverpa armigera en Heliothis peltigera. Bij de dwaalgasten
ontbraken: Rheumaptera cervinalis, Catocala fraxini en Mythimna l-album.

Medewerkers aan het verslag 2001

Artoisenet A, Bastiaens Hubert, Baiiduin Mathieu, Beckaert L, Beemaert Richard, Berckmoes L,
Biard Eric, Bolland Frangois, C.Bom , Cappendijck, Castelyn H, Casier P, Chanteux Bernard,
Chapelle J, Cluck Pierre, Cromar Nicky, D’Haluin P, D’Hert D, D’Hondt R, De Bakker J, De Block
Roland, De Boer A , De Decker Herwig, De Kesel Toon, De Turck Aubin, De Vreese Alain, De
Witte Thierry, Declercq Frans, Develter Chris, Doucet Jean , Dupont Sylvain, Durinck Paul, Evrard
Ghislain, Faquaet Marcel, Fauville F, Fransaer Frans, Fregat Christian, Galoppin Roger, Garrevoet
Theo, Gcorges, Ghesquière R, Gillard Marcel, Goossens Claire, Gryffroy Dries, Guinez Remi, Hecq
J, Herfs, M, Hooft Godclievc, Hoste 1, Houuez Marcel, Jansscns Karei, Janssens Kjcll, Jonckheere
Filip, Kindcrs Hans, Kindts Boudcwijn, Lamard Laurent, Lambert Mare, Lambrechts Jorg, Leeb
Frédéric,Lefeber V, Leurquin J, Leveque Antoinc, Litt Renc, Lorge Noel, Maertens, T, Maes
Boudcwijn , Meert Ruben, Mervcillic Luc, Mcuris Eric, Migeot R, Misonne Bernard, Naessens (i.
Nagel Harry, Nyst RTF, Nicolas J, Opdenacker Miel, Pauwels Jan, Pletinck René, Prang Ci, Rappé G,
Renneson Jean Luc, Reumkens Hub , Rosé Louis, Sauvage Alain, Sierens Tom, Smessaert P, Soors
Jan, Soyez B, Spronek René, Spruyttc Stef, Stassart Eric, Taelman Fd, Taymans Charles, Thoné
(icrard, Troukens Willy, De Keerc Diëgo, Van De Kerekhove Omer, Van Den Berghe Jean Marie,
Van (iele P, Van Holder Bert, Van Hoorebeke (lino. Van Moerkerke Roger, Van Moerkerke M. Van
Opstaele Mare, Van Steenwinkel Carina, Vandemaele Willy, Vandenbossche Filip, Vandenbossche
Odette, Vanholder Bart, Vanpoucke D, Verboven André, Verloove V, Vermandel Fiddy, Vermersch
Hubert, Verroken Luc, Verschoore Koen, Verstraeten K, Viriel P, Voet Paul, Walraevens F, Wallerus
F., Wieme Gabriel, Wullaert Steve, Yde Alain.

rhcgca^X (2) (1. VI. 2003): 43

Trekvlinders

Pliitella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758)

Het koolmotje had een opvallend mager jaar: slechts dertig waarnemingen;
dit is al jaren niet meer voorgekomen. Mensen die ze anders elk jaar in aantal
zagen, hebben er in 2001 slechts heel weinig kunnen rapporteren. Het feit dat het
trekvlinderweer ongunstig was in 2001 laat vermoeden dat we hier toch met een
echte trekvlindersoort te doen hebben. De eerste vlinders zijn pas in juli
opgemerkt. Op 7 juli zag A. Verboven een koolmotje in zijn Heath-val. De
volgende dagen joeg W. Vandemaele in Deerlijk ze overdag uit de vegetatie van
de groentetuin op. De koolmotjes zijn nog spaarzaam opgetekend tot in oktober;
op 12 oktober door M. Faquaet te Koksijde en op 25 oktober door E. Taelman te
Saeftinge. We hebben wel een nieuw record gevestigd met de erg late datum van
27 december: toen zag A. Verboven in Heverlee het laatste koolmotje, weliswaar
binnenshuis op licht.

Vindplaatsen: Ant.(l); Antwerpen; Bra.(ll): Anderlecht, Heverlee; Nam.(l): Presgaux; O.Vl.(5):
Haaltert, Wachtebeke; W.V1.(9): Deerlijk, Koksijde, Wenduine. Z.V1.(3): Saeftinge.

Udea fernigalis (Hübner, 1796)

Met 2 waarnemingen voor deze soort was 2001 eveneens geen gunstig
migratiejaar. Marcel Gillard zag hem op 17 juli te Presgaux op HPL-licht. K.
Janssens zag hem op 3 november nog te Antwerpen. Het vrij laat op het jaar
voorkomen is typisch voor deze regelmatige trekvlinder. Hij is meestal een van
de laatste soorten die nog waargenomen wordt.

Vindplaatsen: Ant.(l): Antwerpen; Nam. (1): Presgaux.

Duponchelia fovealis (Zeiler, 1847)

Het meest merkwaardige feit aan deze soort is dat ze nu reeds het derde jaar
op rij werd gezien sinds de eerste vangst voor België in 1999 (Vanholder, 2001).
In 2001 was het de eer aan R. Spronck om de derde waarneming in België op 14
juni op te tekenen bij een lichtvangst te Visé. De soort kent twee generaties en
het feit dat de vindplaatsen zeer uiteen liggen, duidt in de richting van een
trekvlinder. We delen de soort dus voorlopig bij de echte trekvlinders in tot hier
meer duidelijkheid over komt.

Vindplaats: Luik(l): Visé.

Margaritia sticticalis (Linnaeus, 1761)

Er zijn slechts twee vermeldingen bekend, beide komen uit het kustgebied. E.
Taelman zag deze soort te De Clinge op 20 september. Twee dagen later zag P.
Durinck hem te Koksijde.

Vindplaatsen: W.VI.(l): Koksijde; Z.Vl. (1): De Clinge.

Nomophila noctuella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)

Er zijn slechts 40 exemplaren van dit regelmatige trekvlindertje opgemerkt, wat
in vergelijking met voorgaande jaren een pover resultaat is. Ondanks dit lage aantal
Phegea 31 (2) (l.VI.2003): 44

rapporteerde Steve Wullaert reeds vroeg acht vlinders, nl. op 30 mei te Hautes-
Rivières. Dit kan op een migratiefenomeen wijzen. We hoopten dus reeds op een
goed jaar, zoals in 1996 het geval was toen ook vlinders in april en mei gezien
waren. Op 6 juli was de vlinder alweer present; K Verstraeten meldde hem te Essen.
Maar de enige andere vlinder gedurende die maand was deze die M. Gillard te
Presgaux zag op de In augustus volgden slechts twee waarnemingen. Een
kleine serie waarnemingen startte nog op 20 september; er werden die week op
verscheidene plaatsen in totaal een twintigtal vlinders gemeld van de tweede
generatie. N. noctuella komt voornamelijk in het najaar voor in België en dat werd
benadrukt met de laatste vangst op 26 oktober in de lichtval van W. Troukens te
Dilbeek.

Vindplaatsen: Ant.(l): Essen; Bra.(3): Dilbeek, Heverlee; Nam.(2): Presgaux; O.Vl.(l): Eksaarde;
W.V1.(7): Deerlijk, Koksijde; Z.VI.(18): De Clinge, Heikant, Saeftinge, St.-Jansteen; Fra.(8):
Hautes-Rivières.

Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus, 1758)

Slechts 8 waarnemingen wat het dieptepunt betekent voor het laatste
decennium. S. Dupont kon de eerste windepijlstaart optekenen op 31 juli, nectar
zuigend aan siertabak te Anhée. Op 3 augustus zag W. Vandemaele te Deerlijk
op dezelfde bloemensoort een vlinder foerageren in de avondschemering. In
augustus waren er slechts drie: op 14 augustus te Vogelwaarde (Ed Taelman), op
15 augustus te Berlaar (K. Janssens) en op 28 augustus te Sluis (Ed Taelman). In
september enkel de vlinder die E. Taelman te Vogelwaarde zag op de 5^^^. H
Kinders zag te Buggenhout de enige rups kruipen, langs de Schelde op 26
september. Alweer E. Taelman kon het jaar voor de windepijlstaart sluiten in
Zuiddorpe op 12 oktober. Het was dus zeker geen gunstig migratiejaar voor deze
soort.

Vindplaatsen; Ant.(l): Berlaar; Nam.(l): Anhée; O.VI.(l): Buggenhout; W.VI.(l): Deerlijk;
Z.V1(4): Sluis, Vogelwaarde, Zuiddorpe.

Acherontia atropos (Linnaeus, 1758)

De enige doodshoofdvlinder werd ons gemeld door L. Verroken op 6 oktober te
Knokke. Uit Duitsland waren verschillende rupsenvondsten bekend tijdens de zomer
en eveneens vlinders in oktober. Het gaat dus ook bij ons wellicht om een hier
opgegroeid exemplaar.

Vindplaats: W.VI.( 1): Knokke.

Macroglossum stellatamm (Linnaeus, 1758)

De eerste meekrapvlinder werd al erg vroeg opgemerkt door J. Vervaeke op
6 januari in Wevelgem. Dit laat ons toe te vermoeden dat het om een
overwinteraar ging. Enkel in 1992 hebben we nog vroeger een kolibricvlindcr
kunnen optekenen, met name op 4 januari. Daarmee kan deze pijlstaart bij ons
bijna het gehele jaar door aangetroffen worden. Op 6 april zag T. De Witte hem
alweer te Petite-Chapelle en op 29 april was het de beurt aan E. Taclman te
Terneuzen. Vervolgens was het wachten tot 31 mei toen W. Vandemaele de

PhegeaM (2) ( 1 .VI.2003): 45

vlinder zag foerageren op zijn geraniums te Deerlijk. Daarop volgden dagelijks
nieuwe waarnemingen zodat we echt konden spreken van een regelmatige
generatie, met een hoogtepunt in de vierde pentade van juni. Het is niet duidelijk
of dit reeds afstammelingen kunnen zijn van de vlinders eerder in april gezien,
maar het lijkt vrij vroeg om daarvan reeds een generatie te voltooien gezien het
eerder koude weer in april. Daarentegen was het in mei wel warm, maar zelfs in
de zomer heeft de soort meer dan anderhalve maand nodig om de cyclus te
voltooien. Het vervolg van het histogram (zie fig. 1) is evenmin duidelijk over
de verdere generaties. Doorgaans zijn er twee zeer duidelijk te onderscheiden
generaties van de kolibrievlinder maar in 2001 zijn er bijna steeds evenveel
kolibrievlinders aanwezig over de gehele zomer gespreid. De enige rups werd op
19 augustus door T. de Witte te Olloy gemeld. Ze was bijna volgroeid.
Misschien kunnen we na midden augustus dus nog van een bescheiden tweede
generatie spreken die doorvliegt tot in de warme maand oktober, die toch nog 24
vlinders telde! In september zorgde het regenweer voor te lage aantallen met
betrekking tot de eerste generatie. De laatste M stellatarum vloog op 25 oktober
te Anhée volgens de waarneming van S. Dupont. Opmerkelijk was dat de
meekrapvlinder in 2001 volledig ontbrak in de Kempen. Met 197 vlinders toch
eerder een matig jaar in vergelijking met de jaarlijkse aantallen die we sinds
1994 gewoon zijn. Enkel 1997 deed slechter met slechts 51 vlinders.

Vindplaatsen: Bra.(l): Merchtem; Hen.(l): Cordes; Luik(6): Petit-Rechain, Spa, Visé; Lux.(l):
Marbehan; Nam.(20 + 1 rups): Anhée, Ham-sur-Sambre, Hamois, Mariembourg, Namur, Olloy,
Petigny, Petite-Chapelle, Viroinval; 0.\d.(15): Daknam, Hamme, Hamme-St.-Anna, Heume,
Kaprijke, Sinaai, Wetteren; \\'.\d.(113): Deerlijk, Harelbeke, Kortrijk, Nieuwkerke-Heuvelland,
Poperinge, St.-Denijs, Westende, Wevelgem; Z.\l.(37): Groede, Heikant, Hulst, Lamswaarde,
Sluiskil, Temeuzen; Fra.(l): Thilay.

Colias croceiis (Fourcroy, 1785)

Na het zeer mooie jaar 2000 kenden we dit keer een echt dieptepunt: slechts
8 vlinders wat aantoont dat de soort verdwenen leek in ons land. We moeten
teruggaan tot 1995 om een slechter resultaat te vinden, een jaar dat volgde op
een zeer geslaagd 1994. Tussen 1996 en 2000 haalden we elk jaar meer dan 100
vlinders. Misschien kunnen we stellen dat de winter 2000-2001 niet echt gunstig
was om de overwintering mogelijk te maken en moeten we weer wachten op
nieuwe immigranten die het hier vervolgens enkele jaren kunnen uithouden. In
Duitsland wordt, na Engeland, eveneens gewag gemaakt van mogelijke
overwintering in onze contreien. Meer en meer komen er aanwijzingen dat deze
trekvlinder het enkele jaren na elkaar hier kan uithouden. De rups zou zelfs
enkele weken in een soort diapauze kunnen gaan om de moeilijkste tijd in de
winter door te komen. Belangrijk schijnt vooral de aanwezigheid van
voedselplant in de winter en niet zodanig de temperatuur om overwintering van
de rups mogelijk te maken (Hensle 2002). De vlinders in 2001 zijn enkel in
augustus waargenomen, de eerste op de 11^^^ te Evere (E. Fauville). Op 18
augustus zag J. Nicolas de oranje luzemevlinder te Petigny vliegen. Alle andere
vlinders zijn door E. Taelman en zijn werkgroep in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen gemeld:
te Hulst op 24 en 25 augustus, respectievelijk vier en twee vlinders. Het is

PhegeaM (2) ( 1 .VI.2003): 46

merkwaardig dat er zo weinig vlinders bij ons voorkwamen terwijl men op 3
november op één enkele dag in Frankrijk nog actieve remigratie registreerde van
acht vlinders richting zuiden bij het "Lac du Der" in het departement Mame. Dit
zijn evenveel vlinders als bij ons gedurende het gehele jaar opgetekend werden!

Vindplaatsen: Bra.(l): Evere; Nam.(l): Petigny; Z.V1.(6): Hulst.

Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus, 1758)

Naar goede gewoonte van de laatste jaren liet de eerste atalanta zich weer in
januari zien: op de 28^'^ te Roksem. In februari werden vier vlinders gezien die
mogelijk ook bij de migratiegolf van de distelvlinder in te delen zijn: op de 10^^^ te
Lebbeke (R. Meert) op de 13^*^ en de 15"^^ te Hulst (E. Taelman) en op de 15^^ te
Ensival (J. Chapelle). De enige vlinder in maart werd door S. Spruytte op de 6^^
opgetekend te Nieuwkerke-Heuvelland. Ook in de natte aprilmaand waren slechts
weinig atalanta’s te bespeuren. In mei konden we de voorzichtige start van een
generatie zien met een hoogtepunt in de vijfde pentade (zie fig. 2). Deze vlinders
konden een generatie nakomelingen voortbrengen met als top de vijfde pentade van
juni. Zo ving ik op de 20^‘^ juni een wijfje dat eitjes afzette. Op 28 juni vond B.
Kindts te Eeklo een rups op brandnetel. In juli werd eveneens in de vijfde pentade
een grote piek behaald; het waren veelal verse exemplaren die hier dus opgegroeid
zijn. Op 13 augustus vond B. Kindts alweer een rups, deze keer te Adegem. Dit
betekent dat er nog een generatie te verwachten was in het najaar. Er werden
opmerkelijk wat vlinders gezien als remigranten; de eerste hiervan werd op 26
augustus gemeld door A. Verboven te Leefdaal. In september en oktober werden
dikwijls vlinders in actieve remigratie gezien. S. Dupont meldde zo maar liefst 25
vlinders te Maillen op 5 oktober, ze vlogen alle richting zuidoost. J. Lambrechts zag
een 40-tal vlinders in een zuidwaartse richting tijdens zijn vogeltrekwaamemingen
op 13 oktober te Neerpelt. Op dezelfde dagen merkte M. Gillard eveneens
remigratie op tijdens zijn reis tussen Praag en Bmo. De laatste remigrant werd op 2
november te Houthalen door J. Lambrechts gezien. De laatste atalanta voor 2001
werd op 6 december te Evergem door K. Janssens opgetekend. Met 10220 behalen
we een gemiddeld jaar.

Verdeling per provincie: Ant.(105), Bra.(445), Hen. (67), Lim.(394), Luik(307), Lux. (84), Nam.(431),
O.Vl.(2946), W.VU3226), Z.V1.(2220), Fra.(7).

Vanessa cardui (Linnaeus, 1758)

De eerste distelvlinder liet zich opmerken op 15 febmari te Wondelgem. Dit is
op zijn minst een zeer merkwaardige waarneming van M. Zwertvaeger. Nog nooit
voorheen hebben we een distelvlinder gezien in februari ! Het is zelfs zeer zeldzaam
dat vlinders reeds in maart gezien worden, zoals bijvoorbeeld in 1988 en 1998 het
geval was. In Engeland startte een serie waarnemingen van de distclvlinder vanaf 13
februari. Er werden daar toen ook andere migranten waargenomen: E. ocellea, A.
ipsilon, M stellatanmi en A. gamma. De vlinder van M. Zwertvaeger moet dus deel
uit gemaakt hebben van een zeer vroege migratiegolf De oorsprong van deze dieren
moet gezien de periode bijna zeker in Afrika gezocht worden! Tussen de 12de en de
22ste waren er anticyclonen boven Ccntraal-Europa en West-Frankrijk. Eiwoor

Phcgcay \ (2)(1.VI.2()()3): 47

lagen depressies tot 11 februari boven Ijsland en het Verenigd Koninkrijk. Op 21
april werden twee vlinders gezien te Beemem (G. Wieme) en te Waarschoot (F.
Verloove), een nieuwe migratiegolf kondigde zich aan. In mei werd de distelvlinder
gezien op de 2^^ te Naffaiture door R. D’Hont en de 6^^^ te Heikant. Vanaf 9 mei zag
E. Taelman dagelijks vlinders in de streek van Hulst. Van de derde pentade van juli
tot het einde van deze maand (zie fig. 3) kwam een generatie vlinders voor die hier
opgroeide. Het hoogste dagtotaal werd daarin behaald op 16 juli met 50 vlinders.
Daarna is het bestaan van een nieuwe generatie niet helemaal duidelijk. Op 22
augustus nam M. Gillard twee vlinders in copula waar op zijn vlinderstruik te
Presgaux. Hij had dit nooit waargenomen zo laat in het jaar. Het is de vraag of deze
generatie hier nog kon opgroeien, er werden wel nog laat in het jaar vlinders gezien.
De laatste vlinder vloog op 3 november te Merchtem. Het gebeurt niet elk jaar dat
we in november nog vlinders zien! Het was dus geen slecht jaar voor de
distelvlinder met een aantal van 1032 en deze kende een lange vliegperiode mede
dankzij het warme oktoberweer. Enkel A. Verboven maakte melding van een
vlinder in actieve remigratie, nl. op 28 september te Leefdaal.

Verdeling per provincie: Ant.(8), Bra.(41), Hen.(12), Lim.(47), Luik(15), Lux. (32), Nam.(38),
0.V1.(212), W.V1.(345), Z.V1.(280), Fra.(2).

Orthonama obstipata (Fabricius, 1794)

Eén van de weinige hoogtepunten in 2001 was de vondst van twee
exemplaren van deze onregelmatige trekvlinder. Dit jaar kwamen de vondsten
laat in het jaar voor: op 19 oktober te Anhée (S. Dupont) en op 4 november te
Presgaux (M. Gillard). Het kan dus gaan om nakomelingen van migranten.
Vindplaatsen: Nam.(2): Anhée, Presgaux.

Cyclophora pupillaria (Hübner, 1799), nieuwe soort voor de provincie
Namur.

Dit was ongetwijfeld de meest in het oog springende trekvlinder in ons
verslag van 2001. Het betreft hier een uitzonderlijke trekvlinder voor ons land en
het was sinds 1968 geleden dat deze er nog werd waargenomen. M. Gillard
ontdekte een zeer vers exemplaar van deze typische spanner in zijn lichtval te
Presgaux op 22 oktober. Het is slechts de zesde keer dat deze soort uit ons land
vermeld wordt en ze is nieuw voor de provincie Namur.

Vindplaats: Nam.(l): Presgaux.

Autographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1758)

De eerste gamma-uiltjes verschenen pas eind mei toen enkele andere
trekvlinders eveneens in beeld kwamen. Op 24 mei zag E. Taelman de eerste te
Hulst. De volgende dag merkte W. Vandemaele de gamma-uil ook te Deerlijk
op. Vanaf begin juni werd de uil dagelijks gezien. Er werd een top genoteerd
gedurende de 4^^^ pentade van juni. In de zomer is het beeld niet echt duidelijk
wellicht betreft het overlappende generaties. Het hoogste dagtotaal werd op 14
augustus genoteerd met 576 uiltjes. De top van die generatie lag in de 4^^^
pentade van augustus (fig. 4). Op 20 november ontpopte nog een gamma-uil bij

Phegea2,\ (2) (l.VI.2003): 48

E. Meuris, hij had de pop in de tweede helft van oktober te Gentbrugge
gevonden tussen stengels van violier. K. Janssens sprak nog van een zeer verse
vlinder die hij op 5 december aantrof op de straatverlichting te Kalmthout. Net
als bij de atalanta ging het om een matig jaar, met hier 7329 vlinders.

Verdeling per provincie: Ant.(38), Bra.(276), Hen.(63), Lim.(261), Luik(211), Lux. (34), Nam.(367),
0.V1.(142), W.V1.(3992), Z.V1.(1883), Fra.(63).

Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, [1808])

Deze zeldzame migrant werd net zoals in 2000 weer in België vermeld. M.
Gillard ving hem te Presgaux op 29 augustus. Normaal komt de uil lang niet elk
jaar voor in ons land. In dezelfde periode -met name eind augustus- werden nog
enkele andere migrerende soorten waargenomen.

Vindplaats; Nam.(l): Presgaux.

Mythimna vitellina (Hübner, [1808])

Het voorkomen van deze zeldzame trekvlinder vertoonde in 200 1 parallellen met
de vorige soort: slechts éénmaal opgemerkt door M. Gillard te Presgaux, dit keer
tijdens een lichtvangst op 8 augustus. Het ging om een vers exemplaar. De soort was
eveneens in 2000 opgemerkt, maar daarvoor was het geleden van 1996.

Vindplaats: Nam.(l): Presgaux.

Mythimna unipimcta (Haworth, 1809)

M. Gillard is ook hier de enige die deze grasuil optekende. Het wordt haast een
traditie want dit is zijn derde opeenvolgende jaar te Presgaux. Hij zag er zijn eerste
vlinder op 15 juli. Het andere exemplaar zag hij tijdens een inventarisatie te Dailly
op 14 augustus. Het lijkt er dus op dat we recent deze trekvlindersoort in de regio als
regelmatig kunnen bestempelen.

Vindplaatsen: Nam.(2): Dailly, Presgaux.

Peridroma saucia (Hübner, [1808])

De vangsten van deze vlinder op smeer te Wenduine door A. De Turck beginnen
een jaarlijks weerkerend fenomeen te worden. In 2001 startte hij op 28 september
met drie vlinders op smeer. Hij zag ze verder nog op 5 en 7 oktober en de laatste op
2 november.

Vindplaats; W.V1.(6): Wenduine.

Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766)

2001 leverde weerom een normaal aantal op voor de ipsilon-uil die voor het
eerst werd opgemerkt door G. Glabcke in St.-Denijs op 20 mei. In die periode waren
nog een schaars aantal ander migranten aanwezig: Nomophila noctuella evenals M
stellütanim duidden op een beperkte migratie. Op 5 juni zag K. Verstractcn de
volgende in Essen en in dezelfde maand zag G. Glabeke nog twee vlinders. In juli
waren er slechts 2 waarnemingen: deze van B. Macs te Wachtebeke op de 4^*^" en
deze van M. Gillard te Presgaux op de 17'*‘'\ Vanaf 8 augustus startten de regelmatige
waarnemingen, toen G. Glabcke twee ipsilon-uilen zag. Dagelijks was de vlinder op

PhigeciM (2)(1.VI.2()03):49

licht te vinden en deze periode liep door tot 6 september. Op het einde van die
maand volgde een nieuwe serie waarnemingen vanaf de ditmaal werden vele
vlinders gelokt op smeer, een entomologische bezigheid typisch voor die tijd van het
jaar. Gedurende de gehele maand oktober werden 10 vlinders geregistreerd en op 28
oktober sloot J. Galoppin het jaar af te Stembert. Met 93 stuks was 2001 een
normaal jaar (fig. 5).

Vindplaatsen: Ant.(l): Essen; Bra.(22): Anderlecht, Dilbeek, Heverlee, Vorst; Hen,(l): Selognes;
Luik(l); Stembert; Lux.(2): Marbehan; Nam.(12): Anhée, Presgaux; O.VI.(7): Assenede, Haaltert,
Hamme, Lokeren, Wachtebeke; W.V1.(33): Deerlijk, Koksijde, St.-Denijs, Wenduine; Fra(14):
Thilay.

Chrysodehds chalcites (Esper, 1789)

H. Kinders was de enige persoon die deze uil optekende. Hij zag de soort op
lieht te Hamme op 23 augustus en te Lokeren op 25 augustus. Het lijkt merkwaardig
dat de uil recent enkel nog in Oost-Vlaanderen opduikt. Van de grotere aantallen,
zoals die vroeger werden opgetekend, is momenteel zeker geen sprake meer.
Vindplaatsen: O.Vl.(2): Hamme , Lokeren.

Dwaalgasten en zwervers

Lozotaeniodes formosana (Geyer, [1830])

Deze bladroller was uitgesproken aanwezig, vooral in het eentrum van het
land, met name Oost-Vlaanderen en Brabant. Meer dan de helft werden er op 24
juni te Lokeren gezien; zowel H. Kinders als B. Maes tekenden er zes op tijdens
nachtvangsten. Óp 30 juni had A. Verboven er nog één op de lamp te Heverlee.
Gedurende de maand juli merkten H. Kinders en B. Maes de vlinder
verschillende keren op, respeetievelijk te Hamme en te Lokeren. Te Vorst werd
de vlinder gezien op 8 juli en 4 augustus door R. Guinez. De vliegperiode was
dus erg uitgebreid in 2001.

Vindplaatsen: Bra.(3): Heverlee, Vorst; O.Vl.(18): Hamme, Lokeren.

Hemaris fuciformis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Het valt jaar najaar op dat deze toch algemene dagactieve vlinder zo weinig
wordt opgemerkt. Zo ook verliep het in 2001 waar sleehts vier personen melding
maakten van de glasvleugelpijlstaart. Op 12 mei reeds zag R. D’Hont deze te
Vresse-sur-Semois, waar de vlinder inheems is. Op 30 mei werd te Biron in het
Luikse de tweede vlinder opgetekend door J. Chapelle. Te Biron zag R. Litt op
dezelfde dag een pijlstaartje foerageren op kamperfoelie. Alle waargenomen
vlinders behoorden tot de eerste generatie, zo ook de laatste waarneming op 29
juni te Vresse-sur-Semois. De enige twee rupsen zag ik zelf op 2 juli in Meix-
devant-Virton op kamperfoelie, het betrof rupsen in het tweede stadium.

Vindplaatsen: Luik(l): Sohan; Lux.(2 + 2 rupsen): Biron, Meix-devant-Virton; Nam.(4): Vresse-
sur-Semois.

Phegea 31 (2) (l.VI.2003): 50

4 14 14 14 14 14

jun jul aug sep okt nov

414141414141
apr mei jun jul aug sep okt

Agrotis ipsilon

0 o D DO fl

35135135135

3 5 13 5
aug sep okt

doDOoD

13 5 13 5

Macdunnoughia confusa

3 5 1 3 5 1 3 5

mei jun jul

3 5 13

aug sep

DUUU

3 5
okt

Figuren 2-1 \ Histogrammen per pentade van Macroglossum stellatarum. Vanessa atalanta. Vanessa
carchii, Aiitographa gamma, Agrotis ipsilon en Macdunnoughia confusa.

Hyles gallii (Rottemburg, 1775)

Op de biotopen waar de soort een tiental jaren geleden nog floreerde, worden
hoe langer hoe minder rupsen aangetroffen. Zo werden ook in dit jaar slechts 6
rupsen gevonden, na lang zoeken op eerder kleine wilgenroosjes die solitair
staan. Ze werden door R. Galoppin en M. Herfs gezocht op 7 augustus te
Xhoffraix en waren vcrpoppingsklaar. Verleden jaar hadden wc de soort nog
nieuw voor de provincie Oost- Vlaanderen (Vanholdcr 2000). Dit illustreert het
gedrag van de soort; ze is algemeen op pionicrsvegetatie, maar verdwijnt er na
enkele jaren om elders nieuwe kolonies te stichten.

Vindplaats; Luik(6 rupsen); Xlioffray.

rhcgca^\ (2)(1.V1.2003): 51

50

35

Hoplodrina ambigua

30

Mythimna albipuncta

40

25

30

20

20

15

10

10

5

aoD aU o UUoU oqd

135135135135135135
mei jun jul aug sep okt

351351351351351 35135

ap r mei jun jul aug sep okt

Figuren 8-9: Histogrammen per pentade van Hoplodrina ambigua en Mythimna albipuncta.

Iphiclides podalirius (Linnaeus, 1758)

Van de koningspage kregen we enkel nieuws uit de gekende biotopen. Op 23
juni werd een rups aangetroffen en op 1 Juli een vlinder. Er werd nog een vrij
laat exemplaar, mogelijk een tweede generatie, gezien op 23 augustus.

Papilio machaon (Linnaeus, 1758)

De eerste koninginnepage verscheen volgens H. Reumkens op 7 mei op de
Bemelerberg te Maastricht. De volgende dag zag ook G. Glabeke de vlinder te
St. -Denijs en de dag erna P. Durinck te Daknam. Vanaf 12 mei volgde een mooi
gelukte, eerste generatie vlinders die tot begin juni doorvloog. De tweede
generatie startte rond midden juli (zie fig. 6) met de vlinders die C. Taymans zag
in Hotte-Fauvillers en G. Glabeke in St. -Denijs. Rupsen werden reeds op het
einde van deze maand aangetroffen door R. Spronck die in St.-Jean-Sart 12 stuks
vond op wortelloof De generatie was wederom goed geslaagd en vloog goed tot
begin september. In september werden vervolgens voornamelijk rupsen
aangetroffen en de laatste vlinder vloog nog op de 26^‘^. Op 20 oktober trof P.
Casier te Wetteren de laatste rups aan. Er zijn 322 waarnemingen waaronder 1 15
rupsenvondsten bekend, wat een goede score is. Opvallend is dat in West-
Vlaanderen en ook in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen de vlinder lang niet algemeen was.
Dit toont aan dat de verspreidingsgrens fluctueert naargelang de jaren. In 2000
hadden we nog een flink aantal vlinders voor West- Vlaanderen.

Vindplaatsen: Ant.(6): Essen; Bra.(55): Aarschot, Averbode, Bertem, Boutersem, Dilbeek, Evere,
Grez, Heverlee, Hotte-Fauvilers, Langdorp, Meise, Merchtem, Neerijse, Scherpenheuvel, Vorst;
Hen.(ll): Seloignes; Lim.(3): Kessenich, Remersdaal; Luik(53): Ensival, Hermalle-sur-Argenteau,
Ninane, Remouchamps, St.-Jean-Sart, Stembert, Theux, Verviers, Visé, Waremme, Wonck; Lux.
(14): Aubange, Biron, Marbehan, Musson, Ste.-Marie-sur-Semois, Torgny; Nam.(82): Bièvre,
Hamois, Han-sur-Lesse, Namur, Nismes, Petigny, Presgaux, St.-Sevais, Tamines, Walcourt;
O.Vl.(74): Aalter, Daknam, Doomzele, Drongen, Eeklo, Elversele, Erembodegem, Evergem,
Haaltert, Hansbeke, Maldegem, Nevele, Schellebelle, Sinaai, Ursel, Waarschoot, Waasmunster,
Watervliet, Wetteren, Zwalm; W.V1.(20): Beemem, Deerlijk, Harelbeke, Nieuwkerke-Heuvelland,
St.-Denijs, Wippelgem.

Phegea 31 (2) (l.VI.2003): 52

35

30

25

20

15

10

Papilio machaon

1 5

april

3

mei

i.l... I

1

juni

juli

□ rups
■ imago

3 1

augustus

IJ Ui

5 3

september

1 5

oktober

Figuur 10; Histogram per pentade van Papilio machaon.

Aporia crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758)

Van het groot geaderd witje waren rupsenvondsten bekend in het voorjaar: C.
Goossens zag een rups op 1 2 mei en J. L. Renneson vond er negen op Prunus sp. op
12 juni te Habay. De eerste vlinder werd reeds de volgende dag gezien door T. De
Witte in Petite-Chapelle. Op 24 juni zag J. L. Renneson zijn eerste drie vlinders
vliegen in Ste.-Marie-sur-Semois. Op die dag was de vlinder alom aanwezig in
Merles-sur-Loison, waar ik zowel mannetjes als vrouwtjes zag. De laatste vlinders
zijn alle door E. Walraevens gezien in juli; op de eerste, de derde en de negende. De
vlinder is nergens buiten de normale biotoop aangetroffen.

Vindplaatsen: Lux.(3+ 9 rupsen): Habay, Ste.-Marie-sur-Semois; Nam.(6 + 1 rups): Heure,
Matagne-la-Petite, Nismes, Petite-Chapelle, Sart-en-Fagne; Fra(5): Merles-sur-Loison.

Polyommatiis coridon (Poda, 1761)

Dit blauwtje werd enkel gemeld op de kalkhelling van Torgny, waar sinds
lang een populatie voorkomt: 3 exemplaren op 12 augustus (J. L. Renneson).

Vindplaatsen: Lux.(3): Torgny.

Argy nms paphia (Linnaeus, 1758)

Zoals we dat van hem gewoon geraken volgde R. D’Hont weer stipt de
keizersmantel te Bicvre. De aantallen waren wel geringer dan in het voorgaande
jaar. Hij noteerde de eerste vlinder op 5 juli. Doorlopend werden regelmatig
keizersmantels opgemerkt gedurende de 2 vakantiemaanden. F<ond midden juli

PhcgcaM (2)(1.V1.2()03): 53

en vooral vanaf midden augustus waren er dagelijks vlinders te zien. Een
opmerkelijke waarneming is deze van C. Taymans die de vlinder te Hotte-
Fauvillers zag, de enige uit de provincie Brabant. Alle andere waarnemingen
liggen in gebieden waar de vlinder inheems kan beschouwd worden. Op 29
augustus sloot het jaar af te Bièvre; in totaal zijn 27 vlinders gezien.

Vindplaatsen: Bra.(l): Hotte-Fauvillers; Lux. (4): Frahan, Orchimont; Nam.(22): Bièvre, Fleure,
Petigny, Petite-Chapelle.

Issoria hithonia (Linnaeus, 1758)

Weerom een soort met zeer weinig waarnemingen in 2001. We zijn wel
verheugd vast te stellen dat ze nog steeds voorkomt in het natuurresarevaat “De
Westhoek” te de Panne, waar S. Spruytte twee vlinders zag op 23 augustus. Op
dezelfde dag vermeldde R. D’Hont twee vlinders te Bièvre. Op 30 september
vertelde J. Chapelle dat hij er die dag het vlindertje zag te Prayon.

Vindplaatsen: Luik(l): Prayon; Nam.(2): Bièvre; \V.\4.(2): De Panne.

Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758)

De enige rouwmantel werd op 20 mei te Petit-Fays gezien door R. D’Hont.
Het wordt stilaan duidelijk dat er van de migratie uit 1995 niet veel relicten meer
overblijven. In het noorden van het land werd de laatste daarvan nog in 2000
gezien.

Vindplaats: Nam.(l): Petit- Fays.

Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758)

Met slechts één waarneming doorgegeven aan het BTO, dienen we te
concluderen dat er niet naar uitgekeken werd. De grote vos is in onze Ardennen
algemeen. De enige vlinder in 2001 werd te Frahan opgetekend op 1 april door
R. D’Hont.

Vindplaats: Nam.(l); Frahan.

Stegania trimaculata (De Villers, 1789)

Het gekende biotoop in de Brusselse westrand blijft elk jaar vlinders opleveren.
De beide generaties waren aanwezig: op 17 mei zag W. Troukens te Dilbeek een
wijfje. A. De Turck bevestigde het bestaan van een populatie te St.-Jans-Molenbeek
op 6 juni. Te Vorst is de spanner door R. Guinez gezien in beide generaties: op 13
juni en op 26 augustus.

Vindplaatsen: Bra.(4): Dilbeek, St.-Jans-Molenbeek, Vorst.

Siona lineala (Scopoli, 1763)

Er werd in 2001 slechts spaarzaam uitgekeken naar deze overdag vliegende
spanner. Het vals witje werd vooreerst opgemerkt op 9 juni te Ste.-Marie-sur-
Semois door J. L. Renneson. De volgende dag zag ik een tiental vlinders
overdag te Jametz. Op 24 juni zag J. L. Renneson 15 vlinders te Les Bulles. De
enige vlinder uit de provincie Luik was deze van J. Michalowski op 3 juli te
Ferrière.

Phegea2>\ (2) (l.VI.2003): 54

Vindplaatsen: Lux.(20): Les Bulles, Ste.-Marie-sur-Semois; Luik(l): Ferrière; Fra.(lO): Jametz.

Cryphia algae (Fabricius, 1775)

Slechts vier meldingen betekent een echt pover resultaat. De enige die oog
had voor deze soort was M. Gillard. Hij identificeerde op 30 juli tijdens een
inventarisatie te Fléron vier vlinders als C. algae.

Vindplaats; Luik(4): Fléron.

Catocala sponsa (Linnaeus, 1758)

De enige vlinders werden gesignaleerd uit Frankrijk: te Merles-sur-Loison,
waar de vlinder overigens algemeen voorkomt, werden door F. Leeb twee van
deze uilen met smeer gelokt op 1 september.

Vindplaats; Fra(2): Merles-sur-Loison.

Macdunnoiighia confiisa (Stephens, 1850)

Vooral dank zij de volgehouden inspanning van W. Vandemaele konden we
de vliegtijd van deze soort goed volgen. Hij noteerde dagelijks de aantallen
tijdens inspectie van zijn bloementuin bij valavond. De vlinders foerageerden
voornamelijk rond Verbena bonariensis en Biiddleja davidii. Pas op 23 juli zag
hij de eerste te Deerlijk. Er kon een eerste generatie afgescheiden worden met
een top eind juli. Bijna dagelijks liet de uil zich bewonderen tot midden
september. B. Kindts trof te Boekhoute tweemaal rupsen aan op kamperfoelie,
dit gebeurde op 30 juli (ontpopte op 24 augustus) en 24 augustus (ontpopte op
18 september). De top van de volgende generatie lag begin september (zie fig.
7). Eind september tot midden oktober volgden de waarnemingen elkaar met
grotere tussenpozen op. Het laatste exemplaar werd door W. Vandemaele te
Deerlijk op 23 oktober gezien. Met ruim driekwart van de waarnemingen op het
totaal van 1 14 bewees Willy dat de soort wel degelijk goed aanwezig was als je
er maar naar uitkeek.

Vindplaatsen: Ant.(l); Essen; Bra.(3): Dilbeek; Nam.(l): Ham-sur-Sambre; O.VL(16): Boekhoute,
Daknam, Deinze, Lokeren, Sinaai, Wachtebeke, Zwalm; W.V1.(87); Deerlijk, Ooigem, St.-Denijs;
Z.\d.(3); Heikant; Fra.(3): Merles-sur-Loison, Thilay.

Hoplodrina amhigua ((Denis & Schiffermüllerl, 1775)

Deze vlinder was prominent aanwezig en de beide generaties waren mooi
afgetekend (zie fig. 8) met een kleinere eerste generatie die startte op 27 mei met
de uil die K. Janssens te Mortsel optekende. De volgende zag A. De Turck op 6
juni in St.-Jans-Molenbeek. W. Troukens stelde met behulp van zijn kleine
draagbare lichtval een mooi aantal van beide generaties vast te Dilbeek en
Anderlecht. Aan hem danken we voornamelijk een grote serie waarnemingen
waardoor we in staat waren een mooi histogram samen te stellen van de
vliegtijd. De top van de eerste generatie lag in de tweede pentadc van juni. De
zomergencratie was veel uitgebreider en startte in de vijfde pentade van juli om
een top te bereiken in de laatste pentade van augustus. De uil \ loog nog tot ver
in september en eindigde vervolgens met een nieuwe uiterste datum op 19

PhegeaM (2) (l.V 1.2003): 55

oktober te Vorst. Nog nooit voorheen zagen we de vlinder zo laat op het jaar als
R. Guinez.

Vindplaatsen: Ant.(4): Essen, Mortsel; Bra.(118): Anderleeht, Braine-l’Alleud, Dilbeek, Heverlee,
Ottignies, St.-Jans-Molenbeek, Vorst; O.Vl.(3): Deinze, Gentbrugge; W.VI.(29): Deerlijk, St.-Denijs,
Wenduine.

Chloantha /fjpma ([Denis & Schiffermüllerl, 1775)

De biotoop te Vorst blijft bestaan. R. Guinez zag er de vlinder in beide
generaties; één op 11 mei en één op 18 augustus. Het waren de enige
waarnemingen van het Jaar.

Vindplaats: Bra.(2): Vorst.

Lithophane leaiitieri (Boisduval, [1829]) nieuw voor de provincie
Brabant.

Deze recente soort voor onze fauna (Vanholder & Bolland 2001) bracht ons
ook in 2001 goed nieuws. De beide populaties aan onze kust werden bevestigd:
A. De Turck ving leautieri op licht te Wenduine op 6 en 14 oktober. F. Bolland
ving op 16 oktober één exemplaar te Westende, de plaats van de eerste vondst in
België. Het meest opmerkelijk was echter een vlinder die door W. Troukens op
31 oktober te Dilbeek in zijn kleine Heath-lichtval gevangen werd. Daarmee kan
hij deze uil als nieuw voor deze provincie toevoegen. De nieuwe vindplaats ligt
op ruim 100 km van de kust, wat duidelijk de zwerfneiging illustreert. In ons
vorig verslag (Vanholder 2001) stipuleerden we reeds dat we verwachtten dat
leautieri een snelle uitbreiding zou nemen. Het laatste exemplaar werd weerom
door A. De Turck gezien op 2 november, meteen de uiterste datum voor ons
land. In Nederland gaat de normale vliegtijd tot 5 november maar er werd ooit
nog één exemplaar in december gezien (Baaijens 2001).

Vindplaatsen: Bra.(l): Dilbeek; W.VI.(5): Wenduine, We'stende.

Mythimna albipimcta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)

De eerste generatie was erg beperkt, ze vloog tussen 30 mei (W. Troukens te
Dilbeek) en 26 juni (S. Wullaert te Deinze). Er zijn slechts 5 vlinders
gerapporteerd. De tweede generatie was uitgebreider en startte op 15 juli (A.
Verboven te Heverlee). De volgende vlinders zag M. Gillard tijdens een
inventarisatie en demonstratienachtvangst te Fléron op 30 juli. Daarna kwamen
dagelijks waarnemingen binnen met als hoogtepunt de tweede decade van
augustus (zie fig. 9). Een groot aantal waarnemingen kwam uit de provincie
Brabant. De aantallen slonken na augustus al vlug. Op 1 september vond A. De
Turck nog een vlinder te Wenduine op smeer en A. Verboven op 12 september
te Heverlee in zijn lichtvalletje. K. Verstraeten beëindigde het jaar op 24
september te Essen. Met 87 vlinders haalden we toch nog een behoorlijk aantal.

Vindplaatsen: Ant.(2): Essen, Zwijndrecht; Bra.(48): Anderlecht, Braine-l'Alleud, Dilbeek,
Heverlee, Ottignies, St.-Jans-Molenbeek, Winksele; Luik(17): Fléron; Nam.(l): Preasgaux;
O.Vl.(8): Assenede, Deinze, Hamme, Lokeren; W'.VI.(4): Koksijde, St. -Denijs, Wenduine; Fra.(7):
Allondrelle, Thilay.

Phegea31 (2) (l.VI.2003); 56

Tabel 1: Trekvlinders per pentade in België in 2001

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rhc^ca}>\ (2)(1.V1.2()03): 57

Tabel 2: Dwaalgasten en zwervers per pentade in België in 2001

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Phegea2>\ (2) (l.VI.2003): 58

Eiirois occulta (Linnaeus, 1758)

Het is zeer opmerkelijk dat deze uil -met een eerder noordelijke
verspreiding- nu het tweede opeenvolgende jaar in ons land werd gemeld. De
reeentere waarnemingen kwamen veelal uit het noorden van het land, wat
duidelijk kan wijzen op migratie met noordelijke oorsprong. Dit jaar werd E.
occulta eehter in het uiterste zuiden gezien -met name te Marbehan- waar J.
Renneson op 2 juli een vlinder waarnam. Enkele deeennia geleden werden de
vlinders in België bijna uitsluitend in de Hoge Venen waargenomen.

Vindplaats; Lux.(l): Marbehan.

Dankwoord

Aan M. Gillard voor zijn eoördinatiewerk t.a.v. de Franstalige medewerkers.
Aan alle medewerkers van het BTO voor het nauwkeurig noteren en doorsturen
van hun gegevens en het betalen van een bijdrage. Vooral de
naehtvlinderspecialisten die zieh de moeite getroostten om hun waarnemingen
op te tekenen verdienen een speciale vermelding. Verder dank ik het voltallige
sectiebestuur van het BTO voor hun inbreng en discussie. Bijzonder woord van
dank aan de Uyttenboogaert-Eliasenstichting, de Vlaamse Vereniging voor
Entomologie en Entomologie-speciaalzaak Vemiandel voor het verstrekken van
subsidies, aan B. Misonne voor het klimatologisch overzicht van 2001. W. De
Prins en T. Garrevoet wil ik danken voor het nalezen van het manuscript. Tot
slot een oproep aan alle vlinderliefhebbers om zich aan te melden als
medewerker. U ontvangt dan de benodigde formulieren en de laatste
nieuwsbrief.

Bibliografie

Klimatologisch Overzicht van het jaar 2002 — http://www.meteo.oma.be/IRM-KMI/climate/
Baaijens, A. M., 2001. Lithophane leaiitieri gevestigd in Nederland (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). —
Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam 61(1 1): 1 53-1 56.

De Prins, W., 1998. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Belgium. — Studiedociimenten van het
Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuunvetenschappen 92; 1-236.

Hensle, J. & W., 2002. Zur Frage der Frostempfmdligkeit der Raupe von Colias crocea (Geoffroy,
1 785). — Atalanta 33: 37^5.

Vanholder, B., 2001. Trekvlinders in 2000, zeventiende Jaarverslag (Lepidoptera). — Phegea 29(2):
41-62.

Vanholder, B & Bolland, F., 2000. Lithophane leaiitieri, een nieuwe soort voor de Belgische Fauna
(Lepidoptera; Noctuidae, Cuculliinae). — Phegea 28(3): 1 19-122.

Plwgca}>\ (2)(1.VL2()()3): 59

Boekbespreking

Tshikolovets, V. V., Bidzilya, O. V. & Golovoskin, M. I.: The BiitterfUes ofTranshaikalSiheria.

21 X 30 cm, 320 p., 48 kleurenplaten, verspreidingskaartjes, Published by V. V. Tshikolovets, te
bestellen bij W. De Prins, Nieuwe Donk, B-2100 Antwerpen, willy.deprins@antwerpen.be of bij de
auteur V. V. Tshikolovets, Zoologieal Museum, National Academy of Seienees of Ukraine, B.
Khmelnitsky str. 15, UA-01601 Kiev, MSP, Ukraine, vadimehik@profit.net.ua, gebonden met
stofomslag, 2002, 75,- Euro excl. postage (ISBN 966-02-1520-7).

Dit boek is het derde in de reeks "The Butterflies of Palaearctic Asia", na de delen over de
dagvlinders van Turkmenistan en Uzbekistan. Nadien zullen nog twee delen volgen over de
dagvlinders van Tadjikistan en Ladak. Het behandelde gebied strekt zieh uit ten oosten van het
Baikal-meer en omvat de Republiek Buriatia en de Chita oblast, plus een klein deel van de Irkoetsk
oblast. Dit gebied bestaat hoofdzakelijk uit steppen al zijn er ook stukken taiga en montane biotopen.
Er heerst een eontinentaal klimaat wat zieh uit in warme zomers en erg koude winters die tot 8
maanden lang kunnen duren.

In de inleiding wordt dit gebied gekarakteriseerd en worden de vier natuurlijke zones besproken.
Nadien wordt een overzieht gegeven van de reeds gedane lepidopterologisehe studies in deze streek
en wordt het eigen onderzoek van de drie auteurs geschetst. Een lijst van de vermelde vindplaatsen,
van de gebruikte afkortingen en een checklist in systematische volgorde van de vernielde taxa sluiten
dit inleidend deel af.

Het hoofddeel van dit boek bestaat uit een systematische opsomming van alle waargenomen
soorten in het gebied ten oosten van het Baikalmeer. Na de volledige naam, met opgave van de
referentie naar de originele beschrijving en eventuele synoniemen en ondersoorten, volgt een lijstje
van de gepubliceerde waarnemingen. Daarna geven de auteurs hun eigen waarnemingen. Tot slot
wordt de mondiale verspreiding van de soort aangegeven, de vliegtijd, de biotoop en eventuele
bemerkingen. Telkens wordt op een stippenkaart de verspreiding in het behandelde gebied
aangegeven.

Achteraan worden op 25 kleurenplaten alle behandelde soorten op ware grootte afgebeeld.
Meestal worden per soort verschillende exemplaren getoond en dikwijls boven- en onderzijde.
Daarna volgen twee kleurenplaten met biotoopopnamen en één kleurenplaat met typemateriaal dat
erg verkleind wordt weergegeven. Dat is wel jammer want precies deze exemplaren zijn belangrijker
dan de gewone exemplaren. Alle kleurenplaten zijn van zeer goede kwaliteit. De vlinders worden op
lichtgrijze achtergrond afgedrukt. Op aparte lijsten wordt telkens vermeld waar de afgebeelde dieren
vandaan komen.

Een uitgebreide literatuurlijst en een alfabetische index sluiten het boek af Zoals de overige
delen in deze reeks is ook dit boek bijzonder verzorgd uitgegeven en het verdient een plaats in de
boekenkast van iedereen die zich met Palearctische dagvlinders bezig houdt. Men krijgt, zoals steeds
in deze reeks boeken, een heleboel vlindersoorten te zien die men gewoonlijk alleen van naam kent.

W. De Prins

Phegea2,\ (2) (l.VI.2003): 60

Contribution to the knowledge of the Noctuidae from
Spain. Observations and collecting trips from
September 1986 till December 2001 (Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae)

Maurits De Vrieze

Samenvatting: Bijdrage tot de kennis van de Noctuidae van Spanje. Waarnemingen en
verzamelreizen van september 1986 tot december 2001 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Gedurende een periode van 16 Jaar (herfst 1986 tot einde december 2001) werden Noctuidae
verzameld, vooral in de provincie Alicante, maar ook in de provincies Gerona, Huesca,
Zaragoza, Teruel, Cuenca, Madrid, Segovia, Valencia, Murcia en Granada. De gegevens van
deze reizen werden gebundeld in dit artikel. 259 Noctuidae-soorten worden vermeld, waarvan
vele voor het eerst uit de provincie Alicante werden gemeld. Een lijst van de waargenomen
soorten wordt opgenomen en de meest interessante soorten worden kort becommentarieerd.

Résumé: Contribution a la connaissance des noctuelles d’Espagne. Observations et
expéditions entre septembre 1986 et décembre 2001 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Entre septembre de 1986 et décembre de 2001, de nombreuses noctuelles ont été récoltées,
spécialement dans la province d’Alicante, mais aussi dans les provinces de Gerona, Huesca,
Zaragoza, Teruel, Cuenca, Madrid, Segovia, Valencia, Murcia et Granada. Les résultats de ces
expéditions sont réunis dans 1’article présent. 259 espèces de noctuelles sont mentionnées, dont
beaucoup pour la première fois pour la province d'Alicante. Une liste des espèces observées est
présentée et les espèces les plus intéressantes sont brièvement discutées.

Key words: Faunistics - Noctuidae - Spain.

De Vrieze, M.: Potaarde 43, B-9190 Stekene (maudev(gplanetintemet.be).

Short description of the most important sampling sites
Albarracin (Teruel): on the 3rd of September 1991, my wife and 1 drove for
the first time to Albarracin in the Province of Teruel, a very nice place,
approximately 200 km from the eastem coast of Spain. This locality belongs to
the “Reserva Nacional de los Montes Universales”, a nature reserve situated
between 1 100 and 1200 m above sea level. The temperature is moderate becausc
of the altitude and at night the temperature drops usually below 10°C, even in
July. The place where we did most of our observations is callcd Valdcvécar; a
valley with multicoloured rocks and slopes with low-growing and herbaceous
plants. Also much Thymus sp. and othcr Labiatac. Many shrubs, Jimipcrus.
Erica and Callima. It is a splendid place and cspccially in the morning, there are
many insect-eating birds and evcry where hangs a smell of thyme. The only
visitors are a local shepherd or othcr cntomologists or mineralogists. On the 1 5tli
of July 1992, we met Michacl Fibigcr in Valdevccar and we made some
observations togethcr. Except for Javca, we did most of our obser\ ations in this
place.

Ayora (Valencia): Ayora is a small town, about 50 km to the south of
Valencia and only 50 km as the crow flies from the Mediterranean coast.
Between Ayora and Engucra, there is a hilly countiy, practically uninhabitcd.
You can drive for 20 kilometres without sceing onc liouse! Low-growing plants,

rhcycay\ (2) ( I .\ I.2()03): (H

Jimiperus and Pinus, small groves and woods with open clearings. Here, we
collected some specimens of Mythimna punctosa.

Belmonte de Tajo (Madrid): another splendid area at an average altitude of
700 m in the centre of Spain. Departing from Chinchón, there is a small village:
Belmonte de Tajo. Between this village and Villamanrique de Tajo, there is an
extensive area of unpopulated sandy, semi-desert-like plains with low-growing
and herbaceous plants and small groves. This is the only place, where we
collected Metopoceras albarracinal

Bujaraloz (Zaragoza): semi-desert and dry plains with low-growing plants,
belongs to the Monegros-plains. There are small lagoons and salt-lakes, usually
with a specific microclimate. There are many kinds of singing-birds, particularly
many skylark-species, hoopoes and magnificent colourful bee-eaters. In the
months of May and June, the plains are full of flowers, especially poppys
{Papaver sp.) and Artemisia herba-alba.

Fraga (Huesca): another very good locality at an altitude of 150 m. There
are thermophilous hills with rocks and low-growing plants and shrubs, Pinus and
everywhere grows Artemisia herba-alba and Thymus serpyllum. The
temperature in the evening and at night stays remarkably constant and is usually
around 18-20°C.

Javea (Alicante): this locality is situated at the extreme eastem point of the
Mediterranean coast. Some miles from the coast, there are dry and hot hilly
slopes, rocky grasslands and Mediterranean forests with open clearings. Some
urbanization is constructed in this area and my brother-in-law lives here and
from this place on, most of the observations were done. Every evening, a small
light trap (TL-blacklight of 6 Watt) was placed on a table until the following
moming. We made also observations with a 125 Watt Hg lamp. To the east, one
can see the sea and to the northwest there is a mountain of 800 m, the Mongo.
The mountain and the slopes are a National Park. In Javea, there are
observations from the first day of January to the last day of December.

Monachil (Granada); on the Siërra Nevada in the surroundings of the
Parador, which is situated at 2.550 m! Above the tree line and very cold at night.
Because of the bad weather and the omnipresent Policia in this Natural Park-
Area, we did only one observation with a small lighttrap: Standfussiana dalmata
and Hadena clara were collected here. In the early moming, when I get the
lighttrap, the temperature was below 0°C in July 1992!

San Ildefonso (Segovia): a hilly country at an altitude of 1200 m at the foot
of the Siërra de Guadarrama in the centre of Spain. A very good climate because
of the altitude. The nights, however, are cold and usually there is a cold wind
from the Siërra de Guadarrama. Biotopes with low-growing and herbaceous
plants with many rare moth species: Hadena sancta, Cleonymia baetica,
Amephana anarhinii and many others.

Una (Cuenca): an area with very little population, belonging to the "Reserva
Nacional de la Serrania de Cuenca". At an altitude of 1200 m, there are steep
canyon-like rocks with capricious forms and beautiful valleys. There are many
vultures, nesting in the rocks. Between the canyons, there are basins with small

Phegea2>\ (2) (l.VI.2003): 62

roads and a small river: the Rio Jücar, which banks are luxuriant green and full
of water plants and even shrubs and trees (Populus sp., Salix sp). During the day
it can be hot but at nightfall, the temperature drops usually under 10°C! A very
good place for observations!

Vidreres (Gerona); a small town in the northeast of Spain, only 10 km from
the coast as the crow flies. Inward of the coast, there are Mediterranean forests
with many Quercus sp. {Quercus ilex, Quercus robiir), Pinus sp., Arbutus imedo
and low-growing plants with many Erica and CaUiina sp. and many species of
bracken. The temperature at night is usually between 15 and 20°C.

Results and remarks

For systematics and nomenclature, I have followed Karsholt & Razowski
(1996).

Oxicesta serratae Zemy, 1927: 1 in Una (Cuenca) on 4. VII. 1992, 1 in Fraga
(Huesca) on 5.VI.1993 and 10 in San Martin del Rio (Teruel) on 24. V. 1993.

Moma alpiiim (Osbeck, 1778): 1 in Vidreres (Gerona) on 7.VI.1993.

Acronicta tridens ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Few specimens in San
Martin del Rio (Teruel) on 24. V. 1993. Regularly in Javea (Alicante), especially
in IX. Last seen in IX. 1996.

Acronicta psi (Linnaeus, 1758): Few specimens in Vidreres (Gerona) on
7.VI.1993.

Acronicta aceris (Linnaeus, 1758): 1 in Una (Cuenca) on 4.VII.1992.

Acronicta megacephala ([Denis & Schiffennüller], 1775): Regularly in
Javea (Alicante) during IX. 1986 - IX. 1995.

Acronicta auricoma ([Denis & Schiffennüller], 1775): 1 in Albarracin
(Teruel) on 8.IX.1991 and 1 in Vidreres (Gerona) on 7.VI.1993.

Acronicta euphorbiae ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): 1 in San Ildefonso
(Segovia) on 2. VI. 1993.

Acronicta rumicis {LxnwdiQus, 1758): 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 12.X.1994.

Craniophora ligustri ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): 3 in Vidreres
(Gerona) on 7.VI.1993.

Cryphia pallida (Bethune-Baker, 1894): Abundant in Javea, Alicante each
year in IX-X from 1986 till 2001 and also in Cornellia del Terri (Gerona) on
24.IX.1994.

Cryphia ravnla (Hübner, [1813]): 2 in Pucrto Lumbrcras (Murcia) on
1 1. VII. 1992 and 1 in IV.2001. Few specimens in Javea (Alicante) in III-IV.

Cryphia vandalusiae (Duponchcl, 1842): From time to time only in Ja\ea
(Alicante): 2 in IX-X.1997, 1 in XI.2()0(), and 3 in IX. 1999. Identification by J.
L. Yela.

Cryphia gea (Schawerda, 1934): 2 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 3.IX.1991 and
LX. 1994.

Cryphia domestica (llufnagel, 1766): 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 3.IX.199I.

Cryphia nwraiis (Forster, 1771): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from \'II
VIII. 1990 to IX-X.200().

riicyciiy] (2)(1.\’I.2(H)3): 63

i

Bryonicta pineti (Staudinger, 1859): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from II-
III. 1987 to IX-XII.2001. Also 1 in Frap (Huesca) on 5.VI.1993 and in
Cornellia del Terri (Gerona) on 24. IX. 1994 in few numbers.

Raphia hybris (Hübner, [1813]): 5 in San Martin del Rio (Teruel) on
24. V. 1993. Caterpillar on Populus sp.

Nodaria nodosalis (Herrieh-Schaffer, 1851): Abundant in Javea (Alieante)
from IX. 1 986 to XII.200 1 . Also 1 in Lloret de Mar (Gerona) on 7.X. 1 994.

Herminia tarsicrinalis (Knoeh, 1782): Few specimens in Vidreres (Gerona)
on7.VI.1993.

Pechipogo plumigeralis (Hübner, 1825) ): 1 in Javea (Alicante) in IV. 1995.

Catocala elocata (Esper, 1787): 1 during the day, resting on a wall in
Noguera (Teruel) on 4. IX. 1991. Also 3 in Fraga (Huesca) on 27. IX. 1 994.

Catocala conjuncta (Esper, 1787): 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 3.IX.1991.

Catocala conversa (Esper, 1783): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) on 13-
15.VII.1992.

Clytie illimaris (Hübner, 1793): 2 specimens in Zuera (Zaragoza) on
22. V. 1993. Foodplant: Tamarix gallica.

Ophiusa tirhaca (Cramer, 1773): Regularly in Javea (Alicante) from IX-
X.1994 to IV. 2000 and in practically all the months of the year.

Dysgonia algira (Linnaeus, 1767): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) and in
Vidreres (Gerona) on 7.VI.1993. Also in Cornellia del Terri (Gerona) on
24.IX.1994.

Dysgonia torrida (Guenée, 1852): A very rare species for Spain, only along
the Mediteranean coast. In 16 years, only one specimen in July 1990 in Javea
(Alicante). Caterpillars on Rubus sp., Salix sp., Genista, etc.

Prodotis stolida (Fabricius, 1775): 2 in Fraga (Huesca), 1 on 5. VI. 1993 and 1
on27.IX.1994.

Drasteria cailino (Lefèbvre, 1827): 4 in Una (Cuenca) on 4.VII.1992.

Lygephila craccae ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Abundant in Javea
(Alicante) from IX-XII.1987 to IX-X.2000 and also many in Fraga (Huesca) on
5.VI.1993 and4.X.1994.

Aiitophila diliicida {HübwQY, 1793): 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 16. VII. 1992.

Catephia alchymista ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): 5 in Vidreres
(Gerona) on 7. VI. 1993.

Aedia leucomelas (Linnaeus, 1758): 1 in Jalon (Alicante) on IO.IX.1991.
Regularly in Javea (Alicante) in IV.1990, VII-VIII.1990 and IX-X.1992. 1 in
Albarracin (Teruel) on 2.X.1994.

Legend of Plate 1:1.- Phytometra sanctiflorentis 2- Pandesma robusta 3.- Amephana anarrhini 4.-
Eremodrina ibeasi 5 - Ctyphia vandahisiae 6.- Ctenoplusia accentifera 7.- Rhypagla lacernaria 8.-
Mythimna languida 9.- Hadena orihuela 10.- Hadena laudeti 11.— Hadena exspectata 12.- Eiixoa
wagneri 13.- Metopoceras albarracina 14.- Hadjina wichti 15.- Eiibïemma amoena 16.- Eublemma
cochylioides 17.- Dysgonia torrida 18.- Pseudozarba bipartita 19.- Discestra dianthi 20.-
Omphalophana serrata 21.- Heliothis nubigera.

Phegea3\ (2) ( l.VI.2003): 64

Plate 1

rhc^ca 31 (2) ( I A’ 1.2003): 65

Pandesma rohiista (Walker, 1858): Only in Javea (Alicante). New for
Alicante. (Munoz &Tormo 1995). The first 2 in IX. 1995. A subtropical species,
especially known from the Canary Islands and Northern Africa. Caterpillars are
feeding on Acacia sp. and Prosopis. For Europe, the moth is rarely observed.
From 1996 untill 2001 : every year in a few numbers: already 30 specimens!

Tyta luctiiosa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Fraga (Huesca) on
5.VI.1993, abundant.

Callistege mi (Clerck, 1759): A few specimens in Fraga (Huesca) on
5.VI.1993.

Eiiclidia glyphica (Linnaeus, 1758): 1 in Javea (Alicante) in VI. 1989.

Laspeyria flexula ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): 1 in Vidreres (Gerona)
on 7.VI.1993.

Hypena rostralis (Linnaeus, 1758): 3 in Comellia del Terri (Gerona) on
24.IX.1994.

Hypena obsitalis (Hübner, [1813]): 2 in Javea (Alicante) in XI-XII.1996.

Hypena lividalis (Hübner, 1796): 3 in Comellia del Terri (Gerona) on
24.IX.1994. Regularly in Javea (Alicante) in II-III.1996 and in XI-XII.1995.

Phytometra sanctiflorentis (Boisduval, 1834): 6 in Fraga (Huesca) on 4-
5.VI.1993, 2 in Penalba (Huesca) on 28.VI.1992, 2 in Belmonte de Tajo
(Madrid) on 20.V.1993. Local and endemic in the Iberian Peninsula.

Phytometra viridaria (Clerck, 1759): Abundant in Albarracm (Temel) on
1 3-1 6.VII. 1992. In Javea (Alicante) regularly from IV. 1991 to IX. 2000.

Raparna conicephala (Staudinger, 1870): Few specimens in Fraga (Huesca)
on 4.VI.1993. Some specimens in Zuera (Zaragoza) on 22.V.1993.

Parascotia nisseni (Turati, 1905): 1 in Vidreres (Gerona) on 7. VI. 1993.

Zebeeba falsalis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1839): 1 in Gata (Alicante) on

2.IX.1991, 2 in Javea (Alicante) in IV. 1997 and in IV. 1999.

Eutelia adulatrix (Hübner, [1813]): Several in Jalón (Alicante) on
IO.IX.1991. Each year from 1986 to 2001 in Javea (Alicante) in two generations
in III-IV and in IX-X.

Macdiinnoughia confiisa (Stephens, 1850): Few specimens in Fraga
(Huesca) on 26.IX.1994. Some specimens in Zuera (Zaragoza) on 22.V.1993.

Aiitographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1758): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from
1.1987 to XII.2001 and in Fraga (Huesca) on 26.IX.1994.

Thysanoplusia orichalcea (Fabricius, 1787): Single specimens in I-II, IV,
XI-XII from 1986 to 2001 in Javea (Alicante).

Thysanoplusia daubei (Boisduval, 1840): 1 in Fraga (Huesca) on: 4.X.1994.
Regularly seen in small numbers in several generations from V to X in Javea
(Alicante) from IX. 1987 to X-XII.2001. Larva on Sonchus sp., Chondrilla sp.,
Chicorium, etc.

Trichopliisia ni (Hübner, 1803): Few in Fraga (Huesca) on 4. X. 1994.
Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from IV. 1986 to XII.2001.

Ctenoplusia accentifera (Lefèbvre, 1827): Only two specimens in Javea
(Alicante): 1 in XI-XII. 1994 and 1 in II-III.1995. Not mentioned from Alicante
before (Munoz & Tormo 1995). This tropical and subtropical species is seen

Phegea 31 (2) (l.VI.2003): 66

rarely along the Mediterranean coast. Caterpillar on Mentha sp. and Cichorium
sp.

Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper, 1789) Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from
1986 to 2001 and in Lloret de Mar (Gerona) on 6.X.1994.

Emmelia trabealis (Scopoli, 1763): Abundant in Zuera (Zaragoza) on
22.V.1993.

Acontia liicida (Hufnagel, 1766): Few specimens in Fraga (Huesca) on
4.VI.1993.

Pseudozarba bipartita (Herrich-Schaffer, 1850): Rare and local, especially
along the southem Mediterranean coast: 2 in Gata (Alicante) on 2.IX.1991 and 1
in Javea (Alicante): IX-X.1997. New for Alicante (Munoz & Tormo 1995).

Alvaradoia numerica (Boisduval, 1840): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) on
16.VII.1992. Also many in Zuera (Zaragoza) on 22.V.1993.

Coccidiphaga scitula Rambur, 1833: 1 in Javea (Alicante): IX. 1997. A
cosmopolite subtropical species. The larva eats eggs of Saissetia sp.
(Homoptera, Coccidae).

Odice arcuinna (Hübner, 1790): 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) 15. VII. 1992.

Odice jucimda (Hübner, [1813]): 4 in Gata (Alicante) on 2.IX.1991, 5 in
Zuera (Zaragoza) on 22.V.1993, 3 in Fraga (Huesca) on 27. IX. 1994, 3 in
Belmonte de Tajo (Madrid) on 31.V.1993.

Eublemma candidana (Fabricius, 1794): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) on
1 3-1 5.VII. 1992. Few specimens in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.VI.1993.

Eublemma cochylioides (Guenée, 1852): 3 in Puerto Lumbreras (Murcia) on
11. VII. 1992. In Javea (Alicante): every year a few specimens from 11.1993-
XII.2001.

Eublemma ostrina (Hübner, 1808): 2 in Fraga (Huesca) on 26.IX.1994, 1 in
Vidreres (Gerona) on 6.VI.1993. Regularly in a few specimens every year in
Javea (Alicante): from II.1989-X.2001.

Eublemma parva (Hübner, 1808): 2 in Puerto Lumbreras (Murcia) on
1 1. VII. 1992. Regularly in a few specimens every year in Javea (Alicante): from
IV.1990-IX.2001.

Eublemma amoena (Hübner, 1803): 10 in Bujaraloz (Zaragoza) on
21.V.1993. Larva on Onopardum accmthium.

Eublemma purpunna ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): 3 in Albarracin
(Teruel) on 4.IX.1991 (small specimens from the second generation) and 2 on
1. VII. 1992. Also 1 in Vidreres (Gerona) on 7.VI.1993. New for Alicante: 2
specimens in Javea in IV. 1996 and IV.2001. Although this is a Noctuid from the
warmer parts of Europe, there are a few specimens captured in Finland (Skou
1991: 57).

Eublemma para (Hübner, [1813]): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) on
15.VI1.1992.

Glossodice polygramma (Duponchcl, 1842): Abundant in Albarracin
(Teruel) during 30.VI-1 .VII. 1 992 and 14-16.VII. 1992.

Rhypagla lacernaria (Hübner, [1813]): 10 in Albarracin (Teruel), 3 smaller
specimens from the second generation on 4-6.lX.1991, and 7 from the fust

PhegeaM (2) (I. VI. 2003): 67

generation on 30.VI-2.VII. 1992. Few specimens in Fraga (Fluesca) and in Zuera
(Zaragoza). Local and in small numbers.

Metachrostis velox (Flübner, [1813]): 4 in Javea (Alicante): 3 in IX-X.1997
and 1 in IX.2001. Only in Javea.

Xanthodes albago (Fabricius, 1794): 5 in Javea (Alicante): 1 in IX-X.1997.
2 in IX-X.1998, 1 in IX-X.1999, and 1 in XI. 2000. Another subtropical species,
sporadically and rarely seen along the southem Mediterranean coast. The larva
lives on Malva sp.

Ciicullia biibaceki Kitt, 1925: 1 in Bujaraloz (Zaragoza) on 21.V. 1993. 5 in
Fraga (Fluesca) on 4-5.Vl.1993. Endemic to Central-Spain, a splendid species,
typical for semidesert-like habitats and thermophilous hills: only seen in
Bujaraloz and Fraga, where the foodplant is abundant: Artemisia herba-alba.

Ciiciillia santolinae Rambur, 1834: 7 in Javea (Alicante) between Xll.1994
and Xll.2000: 6 in Xll and 1 in IV. 1999. A xerophilous species, always very
sparse in the southem parts of its distribution area. There is certainly a "winter"
brood as also mentioned by Ronkay (Ronkay & Ronkay 1994: 87). The
caterpillars are living on Artemisia arborea and Artemisia campestris and on
Santolinae sp.

CitcuUia calendulae Treitschke, 1835: In Javea (Alicante), a univoltine
species, flying in the winter from lX-1. Abundant all the years.

Shargaciicullia lychnitis (Rambur, 1833): Javea (Alicante), 1 in IV. 1999.

Shargacucullia erythrocephala (Wagner, 1914): 5 in San Martin del Rio
(Temel) on 24.V.1993. Identification by J. L. Yela.

Shargacucullia thapsiphaga (Treitschke, 1826): Vidreres (Gerona), 1 on
6.V1.1993. Identification by J. L. Yela.

Shargacucullia reisseri (Boursin, 1933) (det. J. L. Yela): Just one male in
San Martin del Rio (Temel) on 24.V.1993.

Calophasia platyptera (Esper, 1790): Only in Javea (Alicante), 1 in II-
III. 1994, 2 in IV. 1996, 4 in IV. 1998, 1 in IX. 1999, and 1 in IV.2001.

Omphalophana serrala (Treitschke, 1835): Always rare and local, only
collected in Belmonte de Tajo (Madrid), 2 on 31.V.1993 and in Javea (Alicante)
in small numbers every year from III to V from 1990 to 2000. The larva feeds on
the flowers and seeds of Scabiosa sp.

Lophoterges millieri (Staudinger, 1871): Only 1 specimen in Albarracin
(Temel) on 15.VII.1992.

Epimecia ustula (Freyer, 1835): 2 specimens in Albarracin (Temel), 1 on
15.VII.1992 and 1 on 28.V.1993. Another specimen in San Martin del Rio
(Temel) on 24.V.1993.

Cleonymia baetica (Rambur, 1837): 4 in Albarracin (Temel) on 13-
15.VII.1992 and 1 in San Ildefonso (Segovia) on 2.VI.1993.

Cleonymia yvanii (Duponchel, 1833): Abundant in Albarracin (Temel) on
26.V^.VI.1993 and on 13-15.VII.1992. Also in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.VI.1993.

Amephana anarrhinii (Duponchel, 1840): A rare species, inhabiting
strongly insolated rocky places: only one specimen in Albarracin (Temel) on
30.VI.1992 and one specimen in San Ildefonso (Segovia) on 2.VI.1993.

Phegea3\ (2) ( l.VI.2003): 68

Amephana aurita (Fabricius, 1787): Each year in IV in small numbers in
Javea (Alicante) and 1 in Fraga (Huesca) on: 5.VL1993.

Recoropha canteneri (Duponchel, 1833): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from
II-III to IX-X and also abundant in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.VI.1993. Many in
Lloret de Mar (Gerona) on 6.X.1994.

Metopoceras felicina (Donzei, 1844): 2 in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.VI.1993, 2 in
Belmonte de Tajo (Madrid), 1 in Bujaraloz (Zaragoza) on 21.V.1993 and in
Javea (Alicante): 1 in IV. 2000 and 1 in IV.2001.

Metopoceras albarracina Hampson, 1918: A typical species for semi-arid
habitats, endemic to Spain. Only in Belmonte de Tajo (Madrid): 30 specimens
from 28-3 l.V. 1993. Larva polyphagous on herbaceous plants (Ronkay &
Ronkay 1995: 117).

Allophyes alfaroi Agenjo, 1951: Endemic in the Iberian Peninsula. In
Albarracin (Teruel) 3 specimens on 30.IX-3.X.1994 and in Javea (Alicante)
during IX-XII 1993-2001. New for Alicante (Tormo & Rietz 1998: 13).

Sülbia andaliisiaca Staudinger, 1892: Only in Albarracin (Teruel) 3
specimens on 3.IX-6.IX.1991.

Sülbia philopalis Graslin, 1852: Abundant in Fraga (Huesca) on 28.IX.1994
and regularly in few numbers in Javea (Alicante) during IX.1994-IX.2001 .

Xylocampa areola (Esper, 1789): Very abundant in Javea (Alicante) from
1987 till 2001, especially in I-II and X-XI-XII during the winter (Ronkay, Yela
&Hreblay 2001).

Pyrois effiisa (Boisduval, 1828): Only in Javea (Alicante), few specimens in
IV. 1990, 2 in XI-XII.1999 and 1 in IV.2000.

Diloba caeriileocephala (Linnaeus, 1758): Regularly in Javea (Alicante) in
IX-XI from 1990-XII.2001.

Condica viscosa (Freyer, 1831): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) in IV-V and
especially in IX-XII each year. In Puerto Lumbreras (Murcia) on 11. VII. 1992,
many specimens.

Synthymia fixa (Fabricius, 1787): 1 in IV. 1997 in Javea (Alicante).

Heliothis viriplaca (Hufnagel, 1766): few specimens in Belmonte de Tajo
(Madrid) on 28-3 1 .V. 1993. Abundant in San Ildefonso (Segovia) on 2.VI.1993.
Abundant in San Martin del Rio (Teruel) on 24.V.1993 and abundant in Zuera
(Zaragoza) on 22.V.1993.

Heliothis peltigera ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Penalba (Huesca) on
28.VI.1992: abundant and regularly in IV-V and in IX-XI each year in Javea
(Alicante).

Heliothis nuhigera Herrich-Schaffer, 1851: Very rare, just one specimen in
Javea (Alicante). This is an eastern Mediterranean, subtropical species. New for
the Province of Alicante and not mentioned in the Guide of Alicante (Munoz &
Tormo 1995: 78).

Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, [1808]): Very abundant in Javea (Alicante)
from IV-XIl all the years and in Fraga (Huesca) on 28.1X.1994.

Periphanes delphinii (Linnaeus, 1758): just 3 specimens in Albarracin
(Teruel): 1 on 30.V1.1992, 1 on l.VIl.1992 and 1 on 14.V1I.1992.

Phcgea 31 (2) ( 1 .VI.2003): 69

Chazaria incamata (Freyer, 1838): An Asiatico-mediterranian species. Only
3 specimens, one in Bujaraloz (Zaragoza) on 21.V.1993, one in Una (Cuenca) on
2. VII. 1992 and one in San Ildefonso (Segovia) on 2.VI.1993. Also in the eastern
part of its range, it is rare everywhere (Poltavsky 2000: 131).

Elaphria venustula (Hübner, 1790): Abundant in Vidreres, Gerona and in
Santa Coloma de Farners (Gerona) on 6-8.VI.1993.

Caradrina morpheus (Flufnagel, 1766): Only in Albarracin (Teruel) one
specimen on 30.VI.1992.

Platyperigea aspersa (Rambur, 1834): Only in Albarracin (Teruel) 13-
14.VIL1992, abundant here.

Platyperigea kadenii (Freyer, 1836): One specimen in IV. 1999 and one in
IV. 2000 in Javea (Alicante). New for the Province of Alicante and not
mentioned in the last "Siiplemento Revista Satiimia" from 1998.

Platyperigea proxima (Rambur, 1837): Just 1 in San Martin del Rio (Teruel)
on 24. V. 1993.

Platyperigea germainii (Duponchel, 1835): Regularly in IX from 1997-2000
in few numbers in Javea (Alicante).

Paradrina clavipalpis (Scopoli, 1763): Very abundant in Javea (Alicante) in
II-IV and especially in IX-X for the whole period of observations. Abundant
also in Belmonte de Tajo (Madrid) on 27-3 1 .V. 1 993.

Paradrina noctivaga (Bellier, 1863): Regularly in Javea (Alicante),
univoltine in II-V for the whole period of observations. Also in Belmonte de
Tajo (Madrid) on 27-3 l.V. 1993. Few specimens in Albarracin (Teruel) on
26. V. 1993 and in San Martin del Rio (Teruel) on 24.V.1993.

Paradrina flavirena (Guenée, 1852): Two-brooded sister-species of P.
noctivaga: abundant in Javea (Alicante) during IV. 1994, IV. 1997 and especially
in IX-X. Also in Albarracin (Teruel) on 26. V. 1993 and abundant in Belmonte
de Tajo (Madrid) on 27-3 l.V. 1993.

Eremodrina ibeasi (Femandez, [1918]): Very rare in Spain, just one
specimen in Javea (Alicante) in IX 1998.

Eremodrina armeniaca (Boursin, 1936): 1 in Javea (Alicante) in X.1994.

Hoplodrina ambigua ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Very abundant in
Javea (Alicante) from IV-XII for the whole period of observations. Also some
specimens in Belmonte de Tajo (Madrid) on 27-3 l.V. 1993.

Charanyca trigrammica (Flufnagel, 1766): 1 in Vidreres (Gerona) on
7.VI.1993.

Atypha pulmonaris (Esper, 1790): 1 in Santa Coloma de Farners (Gerona)
on 8.VI.1993. Very rare in Spain in the Pirineos and in the Cordillera
Cantabrica. (Calle 1982: 136).

Spodoptera exigiia (Hübner, [1808]): Very abundant in Javea (Alicante)
from IV-XII. Also in Vidreres (Gerona) on 7.VI.1993.

Spodoptera ciliiim (Guenée, 1852): Very abundant in Javea (Alicante) from
IV-XII.

Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval, 1833): Abundant in Javea (Alicante)
especially in IX-XII.

Phegea3\ (2) (l.VI.2003): 70

Sesamia nonagrioides (Lefèbvre, 1827): In Javea (Alicante) in IV. 1997 and
in IX. 1996 in a few specimens. Also abundant in Comellia del Terri (Gerona) on
24.IX.1994.

Hadjina wichti (Hirschke, 1904).- Endemic in Spain and one of the rarest
species of Noctuidae in Europe! Calle (1982: 140) writes: "Con gran rareza".
Hirschke described in 1904 a new Spanish species, that was captured by Wicht
in Algezares (Murcia). There are only a few observations of this species, e. g. in
1978: F. Bolland at Rincon de Loix (Alicante), and there are only few references
about this species (Agenjo 1983) but everywhere is mentioned that the moth is
flying in one generation from III to V. By making nearly daily observations over
all the months of the year and this for many years, we could take a few
specimens also in IX. This means that there is a second generation too, at least a
partial one (De Vrieze 1996: 152). Only in Javea (Alicante).

Proxeniis hospes (Freyer, 1831): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from IV-XII
during the whole period of observations.

Rusina ferruginea (Esper, 1785): Few specimens in Santa Coloma de
Famers (Gerona) on 8.VI.1993.

Polyphaenis sericata (Esper, 1787): 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 16.VII.1992.

Polyphaenis xanthochloris Boisduval, 1840: Always very local, 2 in Ayora
( Valencia) on 8. IX. 1 99 1 and 3 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 4-6. IX. 1991.

Thalpophila vitalba (Freyer, 1834): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) on 4-
6.IX.1991, and 1 in Comellia del Terri (Gerona) on 24.IX.1994.

Euplexia liiciparia (Linnaeus, 1758): Many in Santa Coloma de Famers
(Gerona) on 8. VI. 1993.

Phlogophora meücidosa (Linnaeus, 1758): Some specimens in Javea
(Alicante) in IV. 1994.

Chloantha hyperici ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Javea (Alicante),
abundant in II-V and in IX-X every year.

Callopistria jiiventina (Stoll, 1782): Just in Vidreres (Gerona) 3 specimens
on 6-7.Vl.1993.

Methorasa latreillei (Duponchel, 1827): 2 in Javea (Alicante) in IX-X.1993
and 1 in Albarracin (Temel) on 15.VII.1992.

Pseudenargia uiicis (Staudinger, 1859): Always local and rare. Only seen in
Fraga (Huesca) on 27-28. IX. 1994 and 4.X.1994, and in Albarracin (Teruel)
during 30.IX-2.X.1994. Short flying period: from the end of IX until mid-X.
Caterpillar on various low-growing plants.

Apamea monoglypha (Hufnagel, 1766): Abundant in Una (Cuenca) on 2-
5. VII. 1992.

Apamea arahs (Oberthür, 1881): Just 1 in San Martin del Rio (Teruel) on
24.V.1993 and 1 in San lldefonso (Segovia) on 1. VI. 1993.

Apamea anceps ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): 1 in Albarracin (Teruel)
on 3().VI.1992 and 1 in Zucra (Zaragoza) on 22.V.1993.

Apamea alpigena (Boisduval, 1837): Rare in Albarracin (Teruel) 2
specimens on 30.V1.1992 and 1 on 26.V.1993, furthcrmorc 1 in San Martin del
Rio (Teruel) on 24. V. 1993.

PhcgeaM (2) ( 1 .VI.2003): 71

Oligia versicolor (Borkhausen, 1792): 1 in Santa Coloma de Famers
(Gerona) on 8. VI. 1993.

Mesapamea secalis (Linnaeus, 1758): 1 in Javea (Alicante) in IX. 2000.
Eremobia ochroleuca ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Just 1 in Penalba
(Huesca) on 28. VI. 1992.

Liiperina testacea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Some specimens in
Albarracin (Teruel) on 4.IX.1991 and 2 in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.X.1994.

Luperina nickerlii (Freyer, 1845): 2 in Fraga (Huesca) on 4. X. 1994.

Rhizedra liitosa (Hübner, 1803): 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 3. X. 1994.
Gortyna xanthenes (Germar, 1842): From IX.1997-IX.2001: few specimens
in Javea (Alicante).

Oria miiscidosa (Hübner, [1808]): Just 1 in Una (Cuenca) on 4.VII.1992.
Discestra trifolii (Hufnagel, 1766): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from IV-
XII during the whole period of observations. Also in Zuera (Zaragoza)
22.V.1993 and in Fraga (Huesca) on 28.IX.1994 and on 4.X.1994.

Discestra piignax (Hübner, 1824): 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) 13.VII.1992.
Regularly in Javea (Alicante) 2 in II-III.1993 and a few specimens in IX-XII.

Discestra dianthi (Tauscher, 1809): This Noctuid is only known in Spain
from the Northeast and captured only in Penalba (Huesca) 2 on 28.VI.1992 and
2 in Bujaraloz (Zaragoza) on 21.V.1993. It is also known in other subspecies in
Morocco, Asia, and in Central-Europe: Slovakia, Austria, Russia, Hungary and
South-Ukraïne, but always very local. The larva feeds on Aster trifolium,
Lactuca sp., Polygonum sp. and Taraxacum sp. (Nowacki 1998: 35).

Discestra sodae (Rambur, 1829): Many in Bujaraloz (Zaragoza) 21.V.1993.
Some specimens in Zuera (Zaragoza) 23.V.1993 and some specimens in Fraga
(Huesca) on 28.IX.1994. Identification by J. L. Yela.

Discestra sociabilis (Graslin, 1850): Many specimens in Bujaraloz
(Zaragoza) 21.V.1993. Many in Zuera (Zaragoza) 23.V.1993 and many in Fraga
(Huesca) 4-5.VI.1993, 28.IX.1994 and 4.X.1994. Identification by J. L. Yela.
Anarta myrtilli (Linnaeus, 1761): Just 1 in Vidreres (Gerona) 6.VI.1993.
Lacanobia w-latiniim (Hufnagel, 1766): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) on
30.VI.1992. Abundant in Una (Cuenca) on 4.VII.1992.

Lacanobia contigiia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): 2 in Una (Cuenca) on

4. VII.1992.

Hada plebeja (Linnaeus, 1761): Only 2 in Capilleira (Granada) on
8.VII.1992.

Aetheria dysodea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Regularly in IV-V and
in VIII-X in Javea (Alicante), also in few numbers in Fraga (Huesca) on

5. VI.1993.

Aetheria weissi (Draudt, 1934): Abundant in Fraga (Huesca) on 5. VI. 1993.
Also many in Zuera (Zaragoza) on 22.V.1993 and in San Ildefonso (Segovia) on
l.VI.1993.

Hadena bicruris (Hufnagel, 1766): 1 in Santa Coloma de Famers (Gerona)
on 8.VI.1993 and regularly in Javea (Alicante) in IV-V and in IX-X.

Phegea 31 (2) (l.VI.2003): 72

Hadena andalusica (Staudinger, 1859): Abundant in Bujaraloz (Zaragoza)
on 21.V.1993 and also abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) on 13. VII. 1992.

Hadena compta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Few specimens in San
Martin del Rio (Teruel) on 24.V.1993.

Hadena confusa (Hufnagel, 1766): Abundant in San Martin del Rio (Teruel)
on 24.V.1993. Also, every year in many specimens in Javea (Alicante) in IV-V.

Hadena magnolii (Boisduval, 1829): Many in Albarracin (Teruel) on
13.VII.1992.

Hadena Jiligrama (Esper, 1788): Just one in Albarracin (Teruel) on
30.VI.1992.

Hadena clara (Staudinger, 1901): 1 in Monachil (Granada) on IO.VII.1992.

Hadena exspectata Hacker, 1996: 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 13.VII.1992.
A xero-montane species endemic in Central Spain, formerly considered a ssp. of
H. vulcanica (Turati, 1907), but recently given specific rank (Yela 2002). In
Albarracin it is a rather scarce noctuid. Identification by J. L. Yela.

Hadena orihuela Hacker, 1996: Just 1 specimen in Una (Cuenca) on
3.VII.1992. Extemally, quite indistinguishable from the relatively common
Hadena wehrlii (Draudt, 1934), but slightly larger and with longer ovipositor.
Identification by J. L. Yela.

Hadena perplexa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): 1 in Belmonte de Tajo
(Madrid) on 28.V.1993. 2 in Javea (Alicante): 1 in IV. 1996 and 1 in IV.2001.

Hadena sancta (Staudinger, 1859): Abundant in San Ildefonso (Segovia) on
2.VI.1993. Also single specimens in Javea (Alicante): 1 in IV. 1996, 1 in
IV. 1999 and 1 in IV. 1998. Very local, only in San Ildefonso (Segovia) and in
Javea (Alicante).

Hadena laudeti (Boisduval, 1840): Just one specimen on 5. VI. 1993 in Fraga
(Huesca). "Sumamente rara y escasa": extremely rare and seldom for Spain.
(Calle 1982: 69). Also in the Alps, it is a rare moth (Forster & Wohlfahrt 1980:
82, Faquaet 1987).

Saragossa seeboldi Staudinger, 1900: Always local and rare. Only 2 in
Albarracin (Teruel) on 3-6.IX.1991, also 2 in Fraga (Huesca) on 27.IX.1994.
The Caterpillar feeds on various low-growing herbaceous plants.

Mythimna ferrago (Fabricius, 1787): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) on 3-
6.1X.1991.

Mythimna albipuncta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Many in Santa
Coloma de Famers (Gerona) on 8.V1.1993, also abundant in San Martin del Rio
(Teruel) on 24.V.1993.

Mythimna vitelUna (Hübner, [1808]): Ver>' abundant in Albarracin (Teruel)
on 3-6.IX.1991, also abundant in Belmonte de Tajo (Madrid) on 28-3 1 .V. 1993.
Many specimens in Zuera (Zaragoza) on 22.V.1993, many in Fraga (Huesca) on
5. VI. 1 993, some in Santa Coloma de Farners (Gerona) on 8. VI. 1 993.

Mythimna obsoleta (Hübner, 1803): Just 1 in San Martin del Rio (Teruel) on
24.V.1993.

Mythimna zeae (Duponchel, 1827): Only 2 specimens in Javea (Alicante): 1
in IV. 1994 and 1 on 12.1X.1991.

PhcgeaM (2) ( 1 .Vl.2003): 73

Mythimna putrescens (Hübner, 1824): Very abundant in Albarraci'n (Teruel)
on 3-6. IX. 1991. Also very abundant in Javea (Alicante), especially in IX-XII.

Mythimna punctosa (Treitschke, 1825): In Ayora (Valencia) 3 specimens on
6.IX.1991 and 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 2.X.1994, rare everywhere.

Mythimna languida (Walker, 1858): 1 in Javea (Alicante) on 24.XI.2001.
Together with another specimen, captured in Almunecar (Granada) (leg. J. L.
Yela) on 18. IX. 2001, these are the first specimens from Spain (Yela & De
Vrieze 2002).

Mythimna l-album (Linnaeus, 1767): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from II-
XII in different generations. Also many in Albarracin (Teruel) in VII. 1992 and
few specimens in Comellia del Terri (Gerona) on 24. IX. 1994.

Mythimna umbrigera (Saalmüller, 1891): Ethiopian species, very rare along
the Mediterranean coast, just one specimen in Javea (Alicante) in IV. 1994.

Mythimna scirpi (Duponchel, 1836): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from II-
X in different generations. Also many in Albarracin (Teruel) on 26.V.1993 and
in San Ildefonso (Segovia) on 2.VI.1993.

Mythimna prominens (Walker, 1856): Rare along the Mediterranean coast in
VIII-IX.1992. Only in Javea (Alicante), 1 in VIII. 1992, 3 in IX-X.1997, 1 in
X.1999, and2inIX.2001.

Mythimna riparia (Rambur, 1829): Regularly in a few specimens in Javea
(Alicante) in IV-V.2000 and in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.VI.1993.

Mythimna loreyi (Duponchel, 1827): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from II-
XII in several generations. Also many in Albarracin (Teruel) on l.X.1994 and in
Floret de Mar (Gerona) on 6. IX. 1994.

Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth, 1809): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) from
II-XII in several generations.

Panolis flamtnea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Very abundant in Javea
(Alicante) from XII until II.

Orthosia cerasi (Fabricius, 1775): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) in I-II.

Xanthia icteritia (Hufnagel, 1766): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) during
29.IX-3.X.1994.

Xanthia austaati Oberthür, 1881: The moth is a sister-species of Xanthia
gilvago ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) (Ronkay, Yela & Hreblay 2001: 66).
We have collected four specimens in Javea (Alicante): 2 in IX. 2000 and 2 in
IX.2001. The species is not mentioned in the last Catalogue of Alicante (Tormo
& Rietz 1998: 13).

Xanthia ocellaris (Borkhausen, 1792): 4 in Albarracin (Teruel) during
29.IX-3.X. 1994. 1 in Javea (Alicante) in XI. 1997.

Agrochola lychnidis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Very abundant in
Javea (Alicante) in IX-XI each year.

Spiidaea ruticilla (Esper, 1791): Regularly in a few numbers: 1 specimen in
II-III.1994, 4 specimens in II-III.1997, and 4 specimens in II-III.1999.

Omphaloscelis lunosa (Haworth, 1809): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel)
during 29.IX-3.X. 1994.

PhegeaM (2) (l.VI.2003): 74

Lithophane leautieri (Boisduval, 1829) Always rare in Spain (Calle 1982:
90). New for Alicante (Tonno 1997: 13). In Javea, however, the moth is
regularly seen most in XII and in I in a few numbers, but in XI-XII 2000: 35
specimens!

Xyleim exsoleta (Linnaeus, 1758): Only in Javea (Alicante). In the northem
and central European countries, the moth appears in IX and after hibemation in
III-IV (Skinner 1984: 112). We collected in 16 years 8 specimens, but all the
moths were captured in XI-XII. 1 male on 24. XI. 2001 and 2 females and 7 other
males, all in XII.

Dryobota labecula (Esper, 1788): Single specimens in XII in 1990, 1993,
1994 and 1 1.1993, only in Javea (Alicante).

Dryobotodes monochroma (Esper, 1790): Sporadic in Javea (Alicante) and
new for this province (Tormo & Rietz 1998: 13): 2 in IX-X.1998. Also 1 in
Ayora (Valencia) on 6.IX.1991 and 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 3-6.IX.1991.

Dryobotodes roboris (Boisduval, 1828): Just 1 in Javea (Alicante) in X.2000.

Ammopolia witzenmannii (Standfuss, 1890): Very abundant during X-XII
each year in Javea (Alicante).

Trigonophora flammea (Esper, 1785): Very abundant during X-XII each
year in Javea (Alicante).

Trigonophora crassicornis (Oberthür, 1918): Very abundant in Albarracin
(Teruel) during 29.IX-3.X.1994.

Trigonophora jodea (Herrich-Schaffer, 1850): Very abundant in Albarracin
(Teruel) during 29.IX-3.X.1994.

Trigonophora haasi Staudinger, 1892: Very local, only in Albarracin
(Teruel) in a few specimens during 29.IX-3.X.1994. Known from the Iberian
Peninsula and from Southern France.

Aporophyla nigra (Haworth, 1809): Very abundant during X-XII each year
in Javea (Alicante). Also 1 in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.X.1994.

Aporophyla canescens (Duponchel, 1826): 1 specimen in Albarracin
(Teruel) on 30. IX. 1994. Abundant during X-XII each year in Javea (Alicante).

Dasypolia templi (Thunberg, 1792): In Spain, only known from Burgos
(Calle 1982: 88). I captured one specimen in Albarracin (Temel) on 2.X.1994.
New for this part of Spain.

Polymixis lichenea (Hübner, [1813]): Only in Albarracin (Teruel), 8
specimens during 29.IX-3.X. 1994.

Polymixis xanthomista (Hübner, 1819): Only in Albarracin (Teruel), 3
specimens during 29.IX-3.X.1994.

Polymixis argillaceago (Hübner, 1822): Many in Albarracin (Teruel) during
29.IX-3.X.1994.

Polymixis flavicincta ([Denis & Schiffcrmüller], 1775): Very abundant
during X-Xl each year in Javea (Alicante).

Polymixis duhia (Duponchel, 1836): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) during
3-5.lX.1991 and 29.IX-3.X. 1994. Also abundant in Fraga (Huesca) on
26.IX.1994.

Phc^cciM (2)(1.V1.2()03): 75

Mniotype spinosa (Chrétien, 1910): Very abundant during IX-XIl each year
in Javea (Alicante). Also abundant in Lloret de Mar (Gerona) on 6.X.1994.

Episema grueneri (Boisduval, 1837): 5 in Albarracin (Teruel) during 29. IX-

3. x. 1994 and 6 in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.X.1994. One single specimen in Javea
(Alicante) in IX.2001.

Leucochlaena oditis (Hübner, 1822): Abundant in Fraga (Huesca) on

4. x. 1994 and on 26-27.IX.1994. Only one specimen in Albarracin (Teruel) on
l.X.1994.

Axylia putris (Linnaeus, 1761): Just 1 in Vidreres (Gerona) on 6-7. VI. 1993.

Ochropleura flammatra ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Always in few
specimens: 1 in Cazorla (Jaén), 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 15.VII.1992, 3 in
Bujaraloz (Zaragoza) on 21.V.1993 and 2 in Zuera (Zaragoza) on 23. V. 1993.

Ochropleura plecta (Linnaeus, 1761): Few specimens in Javea (Alicante) in
IX.

Ochropleura leucogaster (Freyer, 1831): Some specimens in Javea
(Alicante): 3 during II-III and 4 during X-XI.

Noctua pronuba (Linnaeus, 1758): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) every year
from I-XII.

Noctua orbona (Hufnagel, 1766): 5 in Albarracin (Teruel) on 13-
16.VII.1992, 2 in Bujaraloz (Zaragoza) on 21.V.1993, and 2 in Una (Cuenca) on
2^.VII.1992.

Noctua comes Hübner, [1813]: Many in Albarracin (Teruel) on 13-
16.VII.1992, abundant in Javea (Alicante). Single-brooded, but the adults
aestivate and fly again in autumn.

Noctua fimbriata (Schreber, 1759): Only 1 in Vidreres (Gerona) on 6-
7.VI.1993.

Noctua janthina ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Some specimens in
Puerto Lumbreras (Murcia) on 1 1. VIL 1992.

Noctua janthe (Borkhausen, 1792): 1 in Vidreres (Gerona) on 6-7. VI. 1993.

Noctua interjecta Hübner, 1803: some in Albarracin (Teruel) on 13-
16.VII.1992.

Epilecta linogrisea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): One in Albarracin
(Teruel) on 14.VII.1992.

Lycophotia erythrina (Herrich-Schaffer, 1852): Only 5 specimens in
Vidreres (Gerona) on 6-7.VI.1993 and 2 in Santa Coloma de Famers (Gerona)
on8.VI.1993.

Chersotis multangula (Hübner, 1803): Only 3 specimens in Albarracin
(Teruel) on 1 3-1 6.VII. 1992.

Chersotis margaritacea (Villers, 1789): Abundant in Albarracin (Teruel) on
3-6.IX.1991.

Standfussiana dalmata (Staudinger, 1901): In the Siërra Nevada at 2500 m,
not rare. Everywhere else in Spain, it is always a rare and very local species: 2
specimens in Albarracin (Teruel) on 15.VII.1992. The Spanish specimens
belong to subspecies occidentalis. Unknown outside Europe (Fibiger 1990: 157).

Phegea 31 (2) (l.VI.2003): 76

Paradiarsia glareosa (Esper, 1788): Many in Albairacin (Teruel) on 3-
6.IX.1991.

Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus, 1758): Abundant in Javea (Alicante) in several
generations each year.

Xestia castanea (Esper, 1798): 2 in Lloret de Mar (Gerona) on 7. X. 1994 and
3 in Comellia del Terri (Gerona) on 25.IX.1994.

Xestia xanthographa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Abundant in Javea
(Alicante) in IX-X and many in Albarradn (Teruel) on 3-6. IX. 1991.

Xestia kermesina (Mabille, 1869): 7 specimens in Albairacin (Teruel) on 3-
6.IX.1991 and 5 specimens in Fraga (Huesca) on 27.IX.1994 and 4.X.1994.
Outside Europe, only known from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya (Fibiger
1993: 178).

Xestia agathina (Duponchel, 1827): Many in Lloret de Mar (Gerona) on
7.x. 1994 and each year in IX-X in Javea (Alicante).

Cerastis faceta (Treitschke, 1835): Very abundant each year during IX-XII
in Javea (Alicante).

Peridroma saiicia (Hübner, [1808]): Abundant in Javea (Alicante),
especially in II-III and in XI-XII.

Eiixoa cos (Hübner, 1824): Only in Albairacin (Teruel), 6 specimens on 3-
5.IX.1991.

Eiixoa wagneri Corti, 1926: Only in some localities in the central area. Very
rare, just one specimen in Albairacin (Teruel) on 4.IX.1991. Outside Europe,
also in Morocco and Algeria.

Eiixoa mendelis (Femandez, 1915): Endemic in the Iberian Peninsula. 5
specimens in Albairacin (Teruel). Larva feeding on Centaiirea calcitrapa and
Eiyngium campestris.

Eiixoa temera (Hübner, [1808]): Most of the specimens are collected in
Fraga (Huesca) on 28.IX.1994 and on 4.X.1994. Also some in Albairacin
(Teruel) on 3-5.IX.1991 and 3.X.1994. Regularly in few numbers in Javea
(Alicante) during IX-X.

Eiixoa tritici (Linnaeus, 1761): Just one specimen in Albairacin (Teruel) on
15.VII.1992.

Eiixoa obelisca ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): 2 in Albairacin (Teruel)
on 3-5.IX.1991.

Eiixoa conspicua (Hübner, 1824): Rare, just two specimens in Fraga
(Huesca) on 4.X.1994.

Dichagyris renigera (Hübner, [1808]): 2 in Albairacin (Teruel) on
30. VI. 1 992 and 2 in Una (Cuenca) on 2. Vil. 1 992.

Dichagyris constanti (Millière, 1860): Rare and local, only 10 specimens in
Albairacin (Teruel) and one specimen in Fraga (Huesca). Larva feeding on
various herbaceous plants.

Yigoga forcipula ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775): Many specimens in
Albairacin (Teruel) from 1 3-1 6.V11. 1992 and 1 on 30.V1.1992. Also several
specimens in Una (Cuenca) on 2^.V11.1992.

PhcgeuM (2)(1.VI.2003): 77

Cladocerotis optabilis (Boisduval, 1834): 6 in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.X.1994.
In Javea (Alicante) during IX-X: 2 in 1999, 1 in 2000 and 4 in 2001.

Agrotis obesa (Boisduval. 1829): 5 specimens in Albarracin (Teruel) on 3-
5.IX.1991. 5 in Fraga (Huesca) on 4.X.1994 and 1 in Albarracin (Teruel) on
30.IX.1994.

Agrotis hita Treitschke, 1835: Rare and only captured in Ja\ea (Alicante) on
1 IX. 1993 and 10 during IX-X.2000. The lar\ a is known to feed on grasses.

Agrotis crassa (Hübner, 1803): 1 in Albarracin (Temel) on 4.IX.1991.
Abundant in Ayora (Valencia) on 8.IX.1991.

Agrotis puta (Hübner. 1803): \^ery abundant in Javea (Alicante). especially
during III-I\' and IX-XI each year.

Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766): \'eiy abundant in Ja\ea (Alicante) in
practically all the months of each year.

Agrotis trux (Hübner, 1824): \'er\’ abundant in Ayora (Valencia) on
8.IX.1991. Also abundant in Fraga (Huesca) on 28.IX.1994 and in Albarracin
(Temel) on 30. IX. 1994.

Agrotis exclamationis (Linnaeus. 1758): 2 in Capilleira (Granada) on
8.\TI.1992. Many in Javea (Alicante) especially in l\ .

Agrotis segetiim ([Denis & Schiffennüller]. 1775): \'eiy abundant in Javea
(Alicante) in practically all the months of each year.

Agrotis spinifera (Hübner, [1808]): Regularly in few numbers in Javea
(Alicante) especially during II-I\' and IX-XI from 1994 until 2001.

Ackno>vledgments

In the first place to my wife. who has ahvays accompanied me and certainly
collected as much specimens as I did, during the 36 noctumal obser\ ations we
organised together in Spain! Great thanks to my brother-in-law Jos Baert. who
carried out. with an unsurpassed perseverance, noctumal obser\ ations in Javea
tbr many years and collected thousands of Noctuids which enabled me to make a
unique inventoiy of the Noctuidae of the Province of Alicante. We collected
many species of Noctuidae, which were not mentioned in the existing catalogues
for that province. Thanks also to Michael Fibiger, who has also obserced
Noctuidae in \'aldevécar in Albarracin in July 1992. We collected and obseiwed
together two nights and he ga\ e me much infomiation for my later trips in Spain.
He examined later (16 April 2001) the genitalia of a NocUiid species, difficult to
identify. confinning its tme identim: Ereniotirina ibeasi. Furthemiore. thanks to
J. L. Vela. who gave me much infomiation and help: he identified some of the
more difficult species by examining their genitalia. And thanks to Francois
Bolland, who ga\ e me much infomiation about some interesting sampling sites
like San Martin del Rio, Temel and Fraga. Huesca. Finally. thanks to W’illy De
Prins for his super\ ision and his many advises.

References

Agenjo, R.. 1983. Sobre Oncocnemis nigricu/a. Esteparia agenjoi. Hadjina wichti. Platysenta

viscosa y A/varadoia mimehca ( Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). — Eos LIX; 7-15.

Phegea 31 (2) (l.VI.2003): 78

Calle, J. A. P., 1982. Noctuidos Espanoles. — Ed. Neografis, Madrid. 430 p., 56 colour plates.

De Vrieze, M., 1996. Interesantes Capturas de Noctuidae — Shilap Revista de lepidopterologia
24(93): 152.

Faquaet, M., 1987. De Aosta-vallei: een paradijs voor lepidopterologen. — Phegea 15(4): 195-208.
Fibiger, M., 1990. Noctuidae Eiiropaeae Vol. 1 Noctuinae 1. — Fntomological Press, Soro, 208 p.,
colour plates.

Fibiger, M., 1993. Noctuidae Europaeae Vol. 2 Noctuinae 11. — Fntomological Press, Soro, 230 p.,
1 1 colour plates.

Forster, W. & Wohlfahrt, Th. A., 1980. Die Schmetterlinge Mitteleuropas. Band 5 Eiilen (Noctuidae).

— Franckh’sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, 329 p., 32 colour plates.

Hacker, H., 1989. Die Noctuidae Griechenlands (Fepidoptera, Noctuidae). — Herbipoliana 2: 1-589,
1-XII.

Karsholt, O. & Razowski, J. (eds.), 1996. The Lepidoptera of Europa. A distributional Checklist. —
Apollo Books, Stenstrup.

Munoz, B. & Tornio, J. F., 1995. Guia ilustrada de los Lepidopteros Noctunios de la Provincia de
Alicante. — Instituto de cultura “Juan Gil-Albert” (Diputación Provincial de Alicante), 223 p.,
19 colour plates.

Nowacki, J., 1998. The Noctuids (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) of Central Europe. — Bratislava, 51 p.,
41 black-and-white plates and 24 colour plates.

Poltavsky, A. N. & Artohin, K. S., 2000. New and rare Macrolepidoptera of the Rostov-on-Don
region in South Russia (Fepidoptera). — Phegea 28(4): 131-147.

Ronkay, G. & Ronkay, F., 1994. Cuculliinae I. — In: Fibiger, M. (ed.). Noctuidae Europaeae Vol. 6.

- Fntomological Press, Soro, 282 p., 10 colour plates.

Ronkay, G. & Ronkay, L., 1995. Cuculliinae II. — In: Fibiger, M. (ed.). Noctuidae Europaeae Vol.

7. - Fntomological Press, Soro, 224 p., 4 colour plates.

Ronkay, F., Yela, J. F., Hreblay, M., 2001. Hadeninae II. — In: Fibiger, M. (ed.). Noctuidae
Europaeae Vol. 5. - Fntomological Press, Soro, 452 p., 21 colour plates.

Skinner, B., 1984. Moths of the British Isles (Macrolepidoptera). — Viking, Penguin Books Ftd.,
Harmondsworth, 267 p., 42 colour plates.

Skou, P., 1991. Nordens Ugler. — Danmarks Dyreliv Bind 5. Apollo Books, Stenstmp, 566 p., 37
colour plates.

Tormo, J. F., 1997. Catalogo de los Fepidopteros de la Provincia de Alicante (Macrolepidoptera).

Reordenación, Sistematica, Addenda et corrigenda. — Suplemento al Revista Saturnia 1: 16 p.
Tormo, J. F. & Rietz, H., 1998. Catalogo Sistematico de los Lepidopteros de la Provincia de Alicante
(Macrolepidoptera). Segunda revision, corregida y aumentada. — Suplemento al Revista
Saturnia 2: 16 p.

Yela, J. L., 2002. Lista Sistematica de los Noctuidae del area Iberobalear: Addiciones y correcciones
(II) (Insecta: Fepidoptera: Noctuidae). — Boletin de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 30:
81-91.

Yela, J. L. & De Vrieze, M., 2002. Mythimna (Morphopoliana) languida (Walker, 1858): first
records tbr the Ibero-Balearic area (Fepidoptera: Noctuidae: Hadeninae). — Boletin de la
Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 30: 1 65- 1 67.

Phegea M (2)(1.VI.2003): 79

Boekbespreking

Rötschke, H. & Huber, K.: The Noctuidae Moths (Noctuidae) of Central Europe.

An Interactive identification guide on CD-ROM, Verlag für interaktive Medien GbR, Orchideenweg
12, D-76571 Gaggenau, postmaster@vim.de, 2002, (ISBN 3-9805985-5-1).

Deze CD is de eerste in een reeks "The Moths and Butterflies of the World" en kwam, naast de
hoofdauteurs, tot stand met de medewerking van o.a. Axel Steiner. Op deze interactieve CD worden
723 Noctuidae-soorten besproken en afgebeeld op meer dan 1200 foto's van geprepareerde
exemplaren op helderblauwe achtergrond. De CD bevat verder nog talrijke afbeeldingen van
morfologische details (o.a. genitalia, koppen, antennen) die de determinatie kunnen
vergemakkelijken. Bij een heleboel soorten wordt ook een tekst geleverd met informatie over de
meest recente taxonomische ingrepen.

Het geografisch gebied omvat België, Denemarken, Duitsland, Hongarije, Luxemburg,
Nederland, Noord-Italië (het Alpengebied), Oostenrijk, Polen, Slowakije, Tsjechië en Zwitserland.
Uiteraard zou het beter geweest zijn om de Noctuidae uit het hele West-Palearctische gebied, of
minstens uit heel Europa, op CD te hebben, maar het bijeenbrengen van zoveel foto's is een hele
opgave en vereist waarschijnlijk de samenwerking van nog meer auteurs.

Dat het een interactieve CD betreft, merkt men al spoedig als men kan kiezen tussen
verschillende naamgevingen: Ebert (1994, 1997, 1998), Forster & Wohlfahrt (1971), Heath & Emmet
(1979, 1983), Karsholt & Razowski (1996) of Koch (1984). Men kan verder filteren op een van de
hoger vermelde landen, op een vliegperiode, pf op een bepaald genus. De vlinders kunnen afgebeeld
worden op relatieve, natuurlijke grootte of allemaal op dezelfde grootte. Men kan zelf platen
samenstellen van soorten die men dikwijls verwart, zodat nadien snel kan teruggegrepen worden naar
slechts die ene plaat om al dë betreffende soorten te zien. Als een soort in beeld is, kan het
programma zelf gelijkende soorten opgeven, uit heel Centraal-Europa of enkel uit het gebied waarop
men fdtert.

De foto's zijn van zeer goede kwaliteit en de gebruikte software maakt deze CD inderdaad
interactief Al wie geïnteresseerd is in Noctuidae en een goede computer bezit (systeemvereisten:
minstens 64 MB RAM, IE5 of hoger, Netscape Navigator wordt ook ondersteund, maar men verliest
enkele functionaliteiten), zal aan deze CD veel plezier beleven. Uiteraard ontbreekt een
determineerquiz niet. De CD is in het Engels uitgegeven maar ook leverbaar in het Duits. Verdere
informatie vindt men op www.vim.de.

W. De Prins

Inhoud:

De Vrieze, M.: Contribution to the knowledge of the Noctuidae from Spain.
Observations and collecting trips from September 1986 till December 2001

(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) 61

Vanholder, B.: Trekvlinders in 2001, achttiende jaarverslag (Lepidoptera) 41

Boekbesprekingen 60, 80

verantw. uitg.; W. De Prins, Nieuwe Donk 50, B-2100 Antwerpen (Belgium) - Tel: +32-3-322.02.35

Phegea 31 (2) (l.Vl.2003): 80

35

VLAAIMSE VERENIGING VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE

Afgiftekantoor2170 Merksem I ISSN 0771-5277

Periode: juli - augustus - september 2003 Erkenningsnr. P209674

Redactie: Dr. J-P. Borie (Compiègne, France), Dr. L. De Bruyn (Antwerpen), T. C. Garrevoet
(Antwerpen). B. Goater (Cliandlers Ford, Fngland), Dr. K. Maes (Gent), Dr. K. Martens (Brussel), H.
van Oorschot (Amsterdam), D. van der Poorten (Antwerpen). W. O. De Prins (Antwerpen).
Redactie-adres: W. O. De Prins, Nieuwe Donk 50, B-2100 Antweipen (Belgium).
e-mail: willy.deprins(@antweipen.be.

Jaargang 3 1 , nummer 3 1 september 2003

Aanvullende gegevens betreffende de families ■
Melittidae en Megachilidae in België (Hymenop^era:
Aculeata) g q 2004

Karei Janssens

HARVARD

aki in Belgium

Abstract. Additional data concerning the families Melittidae
(Hymenoptera: Aculeata)

The author reports on records of Melittidae and Megachilidae in Belgium front various sources.
Most of the records are front the province of Aittwerp. front which ntany species are mentioned
here for the First tinte.

Résumé. Notes additionnelles concernant les families de Melittidae et Megachilidae en
Belgique (Hymenoptera: Aculeata)

F’auteur donne une liste de Melittidae et Megachilidae de Belgique originaire de diverses
sources. I,a plupart des observations sont faites dans la province d'Aitvers, en mentionnaitt
plusieures espèces nouvelles pour cette province.

Key words: Melittidae - Megachilidae - faunistics - Belgium - Antwerpen.

.lanssens. K.: Korte Feemstraat I5A, B-2000 Antwerpen.

Als aan\ulling op mijn eerder gepubliceerde lijst waarnemingen \an
Hymenoptera (Janssens 1981) volgt hier een verdere lijst in tabeKorm van de
Melittidae en Megachilidae uit België. De meeste waargenomen soorten zijn vrij
algemeen tot algemeen verspreid in België (Enckels s.a. Leclereq 1971. 1982).
Toch zijn enkele soorten, voor zov er ik kon nagaan, nog niet eerder vermeld uit
de provincie Antwerpen, nl.: Anthidiimi manicalum. Stdis hrerinscula. Stc/is
phaeoptercL Clielosfoma campcinulaninh Osniia adiinca. Osmia fiilvivcntris.
Me^üchile ericetonmi, Me^achile li^niscca en Codioxys inermis.

In de tabellen zijn de waarnemingen chronologisch gerangschikt. De
systematiek en nomenclatuur zijn volgens bitton cf al. ( 1978).

/7;egcu.31 (3) ( I.IX.2003): 81

Melittidae

Dasypodu hirtipes Fabricius, 1793

Merksem

Antwerpen

06.06.1954

Antwerpen

"

24.08.1961

Bevel

"

07.07.1963

Bevel

"

08.08.1963

Bevel

"

23.07.1964

Villers-Tortrue

Luxemburg

26.07.1966

Antwerpen

Antwerpen

01.08.1970

Kessel

"

19.07.1975

Antwerpen

"

25.06.1976

Zwijndrecht

"

02.08.1985

Macropis lahiuta Fabricius, 1804

Peerdsbos

Antwerpen

04.08.1917

Kessel

Antwerpen

01.08.1970

Kessel

"

05.08.1970

Berlaar

23.07.1972

Unkeroever

31.08.1979

Berlaar

19.08.1977

Peerdsbos

16.08.1984

Peerdsbos

"

29.08.1984

Ethe

Luxemburg

23.08.1984

Berlaar

Antwerpen

12.07.1987

Megachilidae

Anthidium nuinicatiim Linnaeus, 1758

Merksem

Antwerpen

06.06.1954

Mussy-la-Ville

Luxemburg

05.08.1965

Rochefort

Namen

08.07.1973

Mussy-la-Ville

Luxemburg

10.07.1976

Mussy-la-Ville

"

19.07.1977

Berlaar

Antwerpen

1 1.07.1979

Mussy-la-Ville

Luxemburg

27.07.1983

Berlaar

Antwerpen

29.07.1984

Mussy-la-Ville

Luxemburg

01.08.1984

Berlaar

Antwerpen

14.07.1985

Mussy-la-Ville

Luxemburg

04.07.1987

Mussy-la-Ville

"

24.07.1987

IV

leg. M. C4aes.

2(5

"Wilrijkse Plein".

2?

Bij nesten in zandgroeve.

1?

Bij nesten in zandgroeve.

IV

Bij nesten in zandgroeve.

1(5

leg. C. Segers.

Ic^

In stadstuintje.

2(5

"Kesselse Heide".

IV

In stadstuintje.

1(5

leg. B. Maes.

IV

leg. F. Bastin.

IV

Bij nest tussen mos.

IV

Bij nest tussen mos.

IV

In tuin.

IV

Op Aster Iripoliwn.

IV

Op Cirsiiim urvense.

3V

Verzameld in een vochtig weiland
op Lysimachia vulgaris, in totaal 40
ex. waargenomen (Koen Janssens).

IV

Idem

IV

leg. C. Segers.

IV

In tuin.

1(5' leg. M. Claes.

1 $ leg. C. Segers.

1 $ leg. C. Segers.

1(5 leg. C. Segers.

I S leg. C. Segers.

2$

1(5 leg. C. Segers.

I?

1(5' leg. C. Segers.

6(5

I 9 leg. C. Segers.

I 9 leg. C. Segers.

PhegeuT^X (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 82

Anthidiuni ohlon»atiim Illiger, 1806

Mussy-la-Ville Luxemburg

Mussy-la-Ville "

Ethe

Mussy-la-Ville "

Mussy-la-Ville "

Mussy-la-Ville "

Ethe

Mussy-la-Ville "

AnthUUum strigatum Panzer, 1805

Ethe (Rabais) Luxemburg

Hodister "

Stelis hreviusculd Nylander, 1848
Berlaar Antwerpen

Hodister Luxemburg

Stelis phaeoptera Kirby, 1802
Berlaar Antwerpen

Berlaar "

30.07.1970

1$

leg. C. Segers.

08.07.1977

1$

leg. C. Segers.

26.07.1977

19

leg. C. Segers.

17.07.1978

19

leg. C. Segers.

24.07.1978

1(^19

leg. C. Segers.

05.07.1979

i(^

leg. C. Segers.

27.07.1980

i(^

leg. C. Segers.

10.07.1985

\S

leg. C. Segers.

17.08.1969

19

leg. C. Segers.

03.08.1977

19

21.07.1972

19

03.08.1977

29

23.07.1972

19

19.07.1981

19

Henudes truncorum Linnaeus, 1758

Algemene soort. Waargenomen op Chrysanlhemum leuccmiheniiini en Campanula te Berlaar.
Mortsel. Sint-.lob-in't-Goor, Wechelderzande (Antwerpen), Hamme (Oost-Vlaanderen) en Laplaigne
(Henegouwen), mannetjes van 14 juni tot 15 augustus en wijljes van 18 juni tot 19 augustus.

Chelostonm campanula rum Kirby, 1802

Mortsel

Antwerpen

28.07.1981

29

Op Campanula in tuin.

Mortsel

"

1 7.07. 1 985

4y

Op Campanula in tuin.

Mortsel

"

21.07.1986

49

Op Campanula in tuin.

Mortsel

Antwerpen

21.07.1987

l4

Hamme

O.-Vlaanderen

29.06.1993

1'7

leg. M. Claes.

Antwerpen

Antwerpen

01.07.1997

1 ^

In stadstuintje.

Clielostoma florisomne Linnaeus,

1758

1 lamerenne

Namen

07.06.1970

1

leg. k. Verbeelen.

Olmen

Antwerpen

02.06.1974

1

Ekeren

12.06.1984

1

leg. .loris .lanssens.

Clielostoma rapunculi Lcpelclicr,

1841 (= A/74/c/e.v

fuliginosum l’an/er. 1 798)

Gestel

Antwerpen

29.07.1962

1 '1

Ekeren

"

29.07. 1 966

1

Mortsel

"

15.06.1969

1

Mussy-la-Ville

1 iixemburg

12.07.1970

1

leg. ('. Segers.

rhcgcuM (.■'H( I.IX.2()()3): 83

Berlaar

Antwerpen

07.07.1974

19

Mortsel

"

14.07.1974

19

Mortsel

"

28.07.1981

19

Op Cumpanula.

Mortsel

17.07.1985

19

Berlaar

21.06.1986

Ic?

Berlaar

"

12.07.1987

1^

Mortsel

21.07.1987

Ic?

Osmin adiinca Panzer, 1798

Oordereti

Antwerpen

08.07.1982

19

Natuurreservaat "De Kuifeend". leg.
.loris .lanssens.

Osmin auriilenta Panzer, 1799

Godinne

Namen

19.05.1963

Ic?

Osmin hicolor Schrank, 1781

hlamerenne

Namen

07.06.1970

19

Nest in slakkenhuisje, leg. F.
Verbeelen.

Osmin coernlescens Linnaus, 1758

Sint-Job-in't-Goor

Antwerpen

01.05.1971

Ic?

Berlaar

"

02.05.1971

3(5

Berlaar

13.06.1971

2(5

Berlaar

"

04.07.1971

19

Op Lobelia.

Berlaar

"

07.07.1974

2(5

Mussy-la-Ville

Luxemburg

08307.1977

19

leg. C. Segers.

Mussy-la-Ville

"

23.07.1983

19

leg. C. Segers.

Berlaar

Antwerpen

14.07.1985

19

Osmin connitn Latreille, 1805

Deurne

Antwerpen

09.04.1952

1(5

"Ter Rivierenhof'.

Bercheni

"

08.04.1954

19

Antwerpen

"

28.04.1954

19

Beveren

O.- Vlaanderen

06.04.1976

1(5

leg. B. Maes.

Westeiio

Antwerpen

07.04.1978

19

leg. R. De .longhe.

Berlaar

"

06.04.1980

2(5

Op Ribes.

E keren

"

13.04.1984

19

"Oude Landen", op Salix. leg. Joris
Janssens.

Ekeren

"

14.04.1984

39

Idem

Berlaar

15.04.1984

1(5

Berlaar

16.05.1985

19

Bij nest in muurholte.

Berlaar

"

03.04.1988

19

Antwerpen

"

23.03.1991

19

Op Muscari.

Treignes

Namen

14.04.1992

19

leg. 1. Büscher.

Mechelen

Antwerpen

15.03.1993

69

Op Callima.

Linkeroever

"

15.03.1993

19

leg. J. Bruers.

Phe^eun (3)(1.IX.2003): 84

Antwerpen

1 $ Op Muscari in stadstuintje.

22.03.1997

Osmia fulviventris Panzer, 1798

Berlaar

Antwerpen

07.07.1968

19

Mortsel

"

31.07.1972

19

Neuville-en-

Condroz

Luik

10.06.1978

1(5

Berlaar

Antwerpen

17.06.1984

19

Osmin nifn Linnaeus, 1758

Zeer algemeen. Waargenomen te Antwerpen, Antwerpen-Linkeroever. Beerse. Berlaar, Bevel,
Borgerhoiit, Deurne, Ekeren, Geel, Haasdonk, Herentals, Mechelen, Merksem, Mortsel, Ranst,
Stabroek, Westerlo, Wilrijk, Zwijndrecht (Antwerpen), Anseremme (Namen), Miissy-la-Ville
(Luxemburg), Sinaai-Waas (Oost-VIaanderen) en Vlamertinge (West-Vlaanderen). Mannetjes van 17
maail tot 30 mei, vrouwtjes van 30 maart tot 31 mei, vliegend op Chelidoninnh Crataegiis, Muscari,
Primus, Ribes, Rosa en Tussilago.

Megachile ericetorum Lepeletier, 1841

Berlaar

Antweipen

25.07.1968

1?

Mortsel

01.07.1973

Ic^

Berlaar

24.07.1973

Ic5'

Berlaar

07.07.1974

1(5

Berlaar

12.07.1975

2$

Berlaar

12.07.1987

2(5

Op Glycine.

Megachile centunciilnris Linnaeus, 1758

Algemeen. Waargenomen te Berlaar, Hoboken, Mortsel

(Antwerpen), Godinne (Namen), Mussy-la-

Ville (Luxemburg).

Megaclüle circumcincta Kirby, 1 802

Brasschaat

Antwerpen

20.05.1971

1?

Megachile ligniseca Kirby, 1802

Mortsel

Antwerpen

12.08.1973

1$

"Hof Savelkoel".

Mortsel

29.06.1975

2(5

"Hof Savelkoel".

Megachile willoughhiella Kirby, 1802

Antwerpen

Antweipen

01.07.1953

1-,^

1 loboken

(I

20.05.1959

1 5

"1 lobokense Polder", leg. L. Peeters.

Antwerpen

M

1 1.06.1966

l-H

Antwerpen

15.06.1969

25

"Wilrijkse Plein".

Berlaar

07.07.1975

Antwerpen

14.07.1995

1

Stadstuintje, o\) Campanula.

Antwerpen

15.07.1995

1

Stadstuintje, op Campanula.

Antwerpen

19.07.1995

1 +

Stadstuintje, op Campanula.

Antwerpen

16.05.1997

14'

Stadstuintje, op Campanula.

PhcgeuM (3)(1.IX.2()03): 85

Codioxys auroUmhata Förster, 1853

Mussy-la-Ville

Fuxemburg

15.08.1964

IV

leg. C. Segers.

Mussy-la-Ville

"

14.07.1985

19

leg. C. Segers.

Coelioxys inermis Kirby, 1802

Mussy-la-Ville

Fuxemburg

07.07.1970

19

leg. C. Segers.

Mortsel

Antwerpen

06.07.1975

i(^

"Hof Savelkoel'

Berlaar

15.08.1976

29

Literatuur

Enckels, R., .v. a.. Bloemenbezoekende bijen en wespen. — Biokosmos nr. 26, Oude God, Moilsel.

Fitton, M. G., de V. Graham. M. W. R„ Boucek, Z. R. J., Fergusson, N. D. M.. Fluddleston, T.,
Quinlan, J. & Richards, O. W., 1978. Hymenoptera. - In: Kloet. G. S. & Hincks, W. D.,
Hamihooks for the Identificaiion of British Imects. A Checklist of Bril ish Imects. volume XI.
Part 4. 159 pp.

.lanssens. K.. 1981. Fnkele notities over Flymenoptera uit de Gaume en aangrenzend gebied. —
T’/zegec/ 9( 1 ): 1-8.

Feclercq, J., 1971 . Atlas provisoire des insectes de Belgique, cartes 535-546. — Faculté des Sciences
agronomiques de 1'Ftat, Gembloux.

Feclercq. .1., 1982. Atlas provisoire des insectes de Belgique, cartes 1757-1780. 1786-1800. —
Faculté des Sciences agronomiques de l'Ftat, Gembloux.

PhegeaM (3) (l.IX.2003): 86

Four new species for the Belgian fauna (Lepidoptera:
Lyonetiidae, Coleophoridae, Pterophoridae)

Willy De Prins

Samenvatting. Enkele nieuwe soorten voor de Belgische fauna (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae.

Coleophoridae. Pterophoridae)

De auteur vermeldt vier nieuwe soorten voor de Belgische fauna: Lyonefia pnmifolieUa,

Coleophora niilvipennis Zeiler, 1839, C. fuscocupreUa Herrich-Schaffer, 1855 en Pselnophonts

heterodactyliis (Muller, 1764).

Résumé. Quelques nouvelles espèces pour la faune beige (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae.

Coleophoridae, Pterophoridae)

L’auteur inentionne quatre espèces nouvelles pour la faune beige: Lyonetia prmiifoliella.

Coleophora milvipennis Zeiler, 1839. C. fuscocupreUa Herrich-Schaffer, 1855 et Pselnophorus

heterodactylus (Muller, 1764).

Keywords: Belgium - faunistics - Lyonetia pmnifoliella - Coleophora milvipennis -

Coleophora fuscocupreUa - Pselnophorus heterodactyla - new records.

De Prins. W.: Nieuwe Donk 50, B-2100 Antwerpen (willy.deprins(@antwerpen.be).

Lyonetia pmnifoliella (Hübner, 1796)

One specimen was caught by sweeping lower vegetation and bushes of
Crataegiis monogyma Jacq. and Primus spinosa L. at Lessi ve (province of
Namur, Belgium) on 01 June 1997, leg. & coll. W. De Prins. This is the first
confirmed record of this species from Belgium. It should be included in the
"Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Bel giunf (De Prins 1998) just after Lyonetia
clerkella (p. 52). The adults are at once distinguishable from the much more
common Lyonetia clerkella (Linnaeus, 1758) by the oblique fascia on the inner
margin of the forewings (see figs. 1 and 2).

The Palaearctic species occurs throughout Europe and Asia Minor and
reaches Japan (Emmet 1985: 224). Baraniak (1996: 63) mentions 20 European
countries. among which Belgium. The source of that record could not be traced.
The species has not been recorded from the Netherlands or from Euxemburg. In
Germany, it is mentioned from 7 Bundeslander, but only in Saarland and
Brandenburg it has been found after 1980 (Gaedike & Heinicke 1999: 59). In
France, the species has been recorded from 15 departments, mainK in the central
area of the country (Lhomme 1946-1963: 1071). It is a very local species in
Great Britain but not observed there anvmore since about 1900 (Emmet 1985:
224).

The Caterpillar lives on the leaf underside of several Rosaceae. including
Prunus spinosa, Crataegus sp., Malus sp.. Cotoneaster sp., Sorhus sp.. Cydonia
sp.. and Mespilus sp.. and additionally it has been found on Betula sp.
(Betulaceae) (Lhomme 1946 1963: 1072. Emmet 1985:224).

PhegeaM (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 87

Coleopitora rnilvipennis Zeiler, 1839

One specimen was caught on light on 19. VI 1.2002 in the nature domain
Dombergheide (province of Antwerpen. Belgium). leg. J. & W. De Prins (det. H.
W. van der Wolf) (fig. 3). This is the first record for the Belgian fauna. The
species should be included in the Belgian Catalogue (De Prins 1998) on p. 65
just after Coleophoixi flavipennello (Duponchel. 1843).

This Palaearctic species occurs in Europe, Turkey, Asia Minor till Japan
(Emmet et al. 1996: 220). In Europe, it is recorded from 22 countries
(Baldizzone 1996; 85). Kuchlein (1993: 212) mentions the species from 10
Dutch provinces. In France, C. rnilvipennis has not been obser\ed frequently.
Lhomme (1946-1963; 890) mentions it from 7 departments. In Germany. it is
known from all Bundeslander (Gaedike & Heinicke 1999: 68). In Great Britain.
the species is widespread in England northwards to Yorkshire, North Wales,
central Schotland and the Highlands (Emmet et al. 1996: 220).

Probably the species has been confused with Coleopliora alnifoliae Barasch.
1934. which has been mentioned from the provinces of Antwerpen and Hainaut
and of which the larvae feeds on Alnus sp. The Caterpillar of C. rnilvipennis lives
on Betula sp. (Emmet et al. 1996: 220); it may occasionally also occurs on
Carpinns hetulus L. (Emmet et al. 1996: 220) and Myrica gale L. (Lhomme
1946-1963: 890). A re-examination of the available material in the collections is
needed to establish the occurrence of both species in Belgium.

Coleophora fuscocuprella Herrich-Schaffer, 1855

One specimen was caught on 27.V.1999 at Olloy-sur-Viroin (province of
Namur, Belgium), leg. and det. H. W. van der Wolf, coll. W. De Prins (fig. 4).
The species is recorded here for the first time from Belgium. It should be
included in the Belgian Catalogue (De Prins 1998) on p. 65 just after
Coleophora cornutella Herrich-Schaffer. 1861.

The species has probably been overlooked in the past as it is not ver\ rare in
the adjacent countries. Kuchlein (1993: 213) mentions it from 4 Dutch
provinces, Lhomme (1946-1963: 880) writes that it is rarely observed, and
mentiones 4 departments: Cher, Gironde, Seine-et-Loise, and Vosges. In
Germany, it is known from all Bundeslander, except from Rheinland-Pfalz
(Gaedike & Heinicke 1999: 69). In Great Britain, the species is known from the
Southern counties, from Hampshire to Kent, and from Wales (Emmet et al. 1996:
228).

The Caterpillar feeds mainly on Corylus avellana L.. a veiy' common species
in Belgium. and it is also mentioned from Betula sp.. especially saplings of B.
puhescens Ehrh. and Carpinns betulus L. (Kuchlein 1993: 213, Emmet et al.
1996:228).

Pselnophonis heterodactyla (Müller, 1764)

A Caterpillar of Pselnophonis heterodacty^la was found pupating on the trunk
of Pinus sylvestris L. at Chantemelle (province of Luxemburg. Belgium) on
17.V.2000. The adult emerged on 27.V.2000. leg. et coll. W. De Prins (fig. 5).
Phegea 31 (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 88

Plate 1

5

F-igs. 1-5: 1 - lA'onelia clerkella (Unnaeus, 1758). Belgium. Province orAniwerpen. Tongerlo. mine
19.V.I998. e.1. Malus sylvcslris L. Ü2.VI.I998, leg. W. De IVins: 2- Lyonetia prunifoliella (1 lübner,
1796). Belgium, Province of' Namur. l.essive. 01. VI. 1997. leg. W. De Prins; 3.- Coleopliora
milv'ipennis ZeWer. 1839. Belgium. Province of Antwerpen, l urnhout. Dombergheide, I9.V1I.2()()3.
leg. J. & W. De Prins; 4.- Coleopliora fiiscocuprella I lerrich-Schaf'fer. 1855. Belgium. Province of'
Namur, Olloy-sur-Viroin. 27.V.I999, leg. II. W. van der Wolf'; 5.- Pselnopliorus lieterodactyla
(Muller, 1764), Belgium, Province of' l.uxemburg, Chantemelle, larva 1 7.V.2()00. imago 27.V.2()0().
leg. W. De Prins. (Pholographs: .lurate De l’rins).

rheiica^\ (3)(1.1X.2()()3): 89

The species has been mentioned from Belgium before without any locality
{De Prins 1983: 25) due to a misinterpretation of the record of "O.
heterockictylus Villiers (1789)" in Lhomme (1935-1946: 179). It was not
included in de "Cakilogue of the Lepicioplera of Belgium" (De Prins 1998: 109).
because no Belgian specimens could be found in collections. This is therefore
the first confirmed record of the species from Belgium. It should be in the
catalogue just after Merrifielclia haliodactyliis (Zeiler. 1 841 ) on p. 108.

It is widespread in Europe (24 countries are listed), eastwards till Ukraine
and Kazachstan (Gielis 1996: 88, 2003: 72). In the Netherlands only two old
records are known from Zuid-Holland and Gelderland (Kuchlein 1993: 235). In
Germany the species is recorded from 9 Bundeslander (Gaedike & Heinicke
1999: 235). In France it is mainly known from montainous regions (Lhomme
1935-1946: 189). In Great Britain it is "an exceedingly local species", recorded
from Gloustershire, Norfolk, Perthshire, Cumberland, and Aberdeen (Beirne
1954: I8I).

The Caterpillar lives on Mycelis muralis L., Prenanthes piirpurea L. and
Lapsana communis L. (Gielis 1996: 88).

References

Baldizzone. G., 1996. Coleophoridae. In: Karsholt. O. & Razowski. J.: The Lepicioplera of Europe. A
Distribiiüonal Checklist. — Apollo Books. Stenstriip. 380 pp. (pp. 84-95).

Baraniak. E.. 1996. Lyonetiidae. In: Karsholt. O. & Razowski. J.; The Lepicioplera of Europe. A
Distrihutional Checklist. — Apollo Books. Stenstriip, 380 pp. (pp. 62-63).

Beirne, B. P., 1954. British Pyralicl and PI urne Mollis. — Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd., London, New
York, 208 pp., 16 colour plates.

De Prins, W., 1983. Systematische naamlijst van de Belgische Lepidoptera. — Entomohrochure 4.
Antwerpen, 57 pp.

De Prins, W., 1998. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Belgium. — Stuclieclocumenten van het K.B.I.N.
92: 1-236.

Emmet. A. M., 1985. Lyonetiidae. In: Heath, J. & Emmet, A. M. (eds.): The Mollis and Butterflies of
Creat Britain and Ireland. Volume 2. Cossiciae Heliodinidae. — Ftarley Books Ltd.. Great
I lorkesley, 460 pp.. 14 plates ( 1 2 in colour) (pp. 212-239).

Emmet. A. M.. Langmeid. J. R.. Bland. K. P.. Corley. M. F. V. & Razowski. J.. 1996. Coleophoridae.
In: Emmet. A. M. (ed.): The Mollis and Butterflies cf Great Britain and Ireland. Volume 3:
Yponomeiitidae - Elachistidae. — Flarley Books Ltd.. Great Horkesley. 452 pp.. 17 plates (9 in
colour) (pp. 126-338).

Gaedike. R. & Fleinicke. W.. 1999. Verzeichnis der Schmetteiiinge Deutschlands. — Entomofauna
Geniianica 3, Entomologische Nachrichten uncl Berichte. Beiheft 5: 1-216.

Gielis, C.. 1996. Microlepidoptera of Europe l. Pterophoridae. — Apollo Books, Stenstriip. 222 pp..
16 colour plates.

Gielis. C., 2003. World Cataloyue of Insects. Volume 4. Pterophoroiciea d: Alucitoiclea
(Lepidoptera). — Apollo Books. Stenstriip, 198 pp.

Kuchlein. J. FL. 1993. De kleine vlinders. Handhoek voor de faunistiek van de Nederlandse
Microlepidoptera. — Poduc. Wageningen. 715 pp.

Lhomme. L.. 1935-1946. Catalogue des Lépidoptères de France et de Belgique. Volume II.
Microlépidoptères (E‘‘ fascicule). Crambidae (Pyralidae)-Eucosmidae. — Le Carriol. par
Douelle (Lot), pp. 1-487.

Lhomme. L.. 1946-1963. Catalogue des Lépidoptères de France et de Belgic/ue. Volume II.
Microlépidoptères (2""''‘ fascicule). Tineina (Orneodidae-Micropteiy gidae). — Le Camol, par
Douelle (Lot), pp. 489-1 253.

Phegea2,\ (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 90

Deflnition of subgenera and a reassessment of species
groups of Torymus Dalman (Hymenoptera:
Torymidae), based on Palaearctic material

A. Zavada

Abstract. Five subgenera, Callimomus Thomson, Lioterphus Thomson, Avctorymus subgen.
n., Aretoiynms subgen. nov., and Toryimis s. str. are recognized tbr Palaearctic species of the
genus Torymus Dalman. Concepts of Callimomus and Lioterphus are revised and extended
against previously adopted concepts of these taxa as separate genera. Several unceitain
placements of recently described species in Graham’s species groups are corrected. These groups
are reassessed and those preserved are provided with updated descriptions. A key is given to
subgenera and species groups. One species {T. drewseni Zavada) is synonymized.

Samenvatting. Definitie van subgenera en vaststelling van sooilengroepen in Torymus
(Hymenoptera: Torymidae), gebaseerd op Palaearctisch materiaal

In het genus Torymus Dalman worden vijf subgenera onderscheiden voor de Palaearctische
soorten: Callimomus Thomson, Lioterphus Thomson, Arctorymus subgen. n., Aretorymus
subgen. nov., en Torymus s. str. Opvattingen over Callimomus en Lioterphus worden herbekeken
en uitgebreid tegenover eerder aangekomen concepten van deze taxa als afzonderlijke genera.
Verschillende onzekere plaatsingen van recent beschreven soorten in de soortengroepen volgens
Graham worden verbeterd. Deze groepen worden opnieuw ingedeeld en de behouden groepen
worden herbeschreven. Een determineersleutel wordt gegeven voor de subgenera en de
soortengroepen. Eén soort (T. drewseni Zavada) wordt gesynonymiseerd.

Résumé. Défmition des sous-genres et défmition des groupes d'espèces de Torymus
(Hymenoptera: Torymidae), basé sur du matériel paléarctique

Dans Ie genre Torymus Dalman, cinq sous-genres pour les espèces paléarctiques sont acceptés:
Callimomus Thomson, Lioterphus Thomson, Arctorymus subgen. n., Aretorymus subgen. nov., et
Torymus s. str. Les concepts de Callimomus et Lioterphus sont revisés et changés contre des
concepts auparavant acceptés pour ces taxa comme genres séparés. Le placement de plusieurs
espèces, mises avec incertitude dans les groupes d'espèces de Graham, est correcté. Ces groupes
sont revisés et les groupes préservés sont décrits a nouveau. Une clé de détennination est donnée
pour les sous-genres et les groupes d'espèces. Une espèce (T. drewsetii Zavada) est mise en
synonymie.

Keywords: Torymus - subgenera - new subgenera - species groups - Palaearctic - key.
Zavada, A.: University of Groningen, Dept. of Animal Behaviour / BCN, P.0. Box 14, NL-9750

AA Haren, The Netherlands, a.zavada(%biol. rug.nl.

Preface

In the present paper, the species groups as defined (in part) in Graham (1994)
and Linderstood in Graham & Gijswijt (1998) are reassessed tbr the same scope
of species, and essential implications of this reassessment are drawn to prepare
defmitions of subgenera of this large l lolarctic genus.

This Work does not meet in full the aims suggested by the title, Nearctic one-
fourth of the specific diversity of the genus being inaccessible to me, nor is it
concerned with aspects of specific biology, host-relationship. and distribution.
Although the characters selected, so far as the reading of Grisselfs (1976)
revision afforded. have been checked for consistency against Nearctic species
groups, an extension of subgeneric concepts proposed here could not be

Phe^caM (3) ( I .IX.2003): 91

confidently made so as to include Nearctic fauna. However. Palearctic material
does pro\ ide enough distinct species to establish several subgenera. Two of
them retain generic names of former allied genera, Le.. Callimonnis and
Lioterphus. of which neither bas purely Nearctic species.

The genus Torymus Dalman is recognized as the single Palearctic genus in
the tribe Tor> mini. following GrisselPs (1995) defmition of the tribe as having
sinuate metapleural suture, this character being the single autapomorphy of the
genus.

Previolis attempts at subgeneric classification of Torymus

Graham & Gijswijt (1998) have proposed 13 species groups and 5 species
solae in their revision of Palearctic species of Toiynnis Dalman. This re\ ision
came as the result of a more than thirty-year-long study and, apart from the fmal
achievement of nomenclatural order (as many as 67 names ha\e been
synonymized in addition to almost as many introduced by Eady (1959)) and the
long-anticipated synonymy of Diomorus with Torymus, it was the first time that
a new subdivision of the Palearctic species of the genus had been attempted.

Graham and Gijswijt. nevertheless. did not fmd it necessaiy to recognize
former genera as subgenera. which in part was Justified by the deficiency of
current concepts for some of them (notably for Syntomaspis). By that time. also.
se\eral new species have been described {e.g. T. austriacus Graham) whose
morphologies required a revised character set to be used in defmitions of
whate\er subgenera there may be. A cautious \ iew on subgeneric limits was
only proper at that stage.

Many chalcidologists have been content with unsettled subgeneric
classification of Torymus. The names of four former genera have been readily
refeiTed to as provisional substitution names of subgenera. when a need should
arise. or. alternatively. the names of Graham 's species groups have been used.
for example. to identif\ the relationship of a newly described species.

Papers dealing with Torymus are reviewed in detail in Graham & Gijswijt
(1998). A brief discussion of some recent publications. with special regard to the
genus Diomonis Walker, follows.

Graham (1992) was the last publication where Diorrronis is recognized as a
separate genus; the author ga\ e a key to distinguish the two genera, but he had
already been at a loss for a single, principal character that all species of
Diomor-us possessed and none species of Torymus did. He had to recourse to
characters of sculpture (such as mgosity on vertex and punctures along
intersternal suture) to preserv e Diomonrs. and it was clear that a good generic
conception for Diornor'us cannot rest on differences in sculpture. Graham also
split the three species of Diomonrs in two species groups.

Boucek published (1996) an important paper with the descriptions of (only)
two species of Torymus. One of them. T. pulcher^ Boucek. has a conspicuous.
though small. tooth on hind femur, although it runs to Torymus in Graham's key.
Zerova & Seiy ogina (1991 ) had earlier described (in Russian) this species under

Phegea 31 (3) {\.\X.2003): 92

a different name {kouonovae), but that paper apparently remained unknown to
Boucek. Their synonymy followed up in Zerova. Servogina. Zavada (2000).

Grissell (1995) did not alter taxonomie status of Diomonis, stating that
Dionwnis is close to Toiymus and that Lioterphus and Syntomaspis have long
been regarded as subgenera by the European authors (Boucek & Graham, 1978a.
b). Identification labels of Graham's and Gijswijt's suggest the same.

Geographic coverage

The material studied includes about 2,000 specimens of 102 species (of 168
known) from Western Europe. European part of Russia. Ukraine. Caucasus.
Central Asia. and Far East of Russia.

Under the titles of each subgenus or species group belovv, I have listed the
materials examined. The depositories are stated except where they are not
certainly known to me on the date of the present paper's submission (their label
data are transcribed from my earlier notes).

Glimpses of material from Central Asia suggest an endemic fauna with
peculiar forms that do not fit into species groups established on European
material. Further studies of Mongolian material (available in European
museums, so far as 1 know, from the Hungarian Natural Histoiy Museum,
Budapest) as well as material from other localities extralimital to Europe may
help produce clearer concepts of the subgenera and of the genus itself

Depositories

NNML Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum Leiden, The Netherlands
SIZK Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of
Sciences of Ukraine. Kiev. Ukraine

ZMAN Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam, afdeling Entomologie. The
Netherlands

ZMUC Zoological Museum. University of Copenhagen. Denmark

Key to subgenera and species groups of Torymiis Dalman,
based on Palaearctic material

The text in brackets is additional characters, not necessarily exclusive to the
taxon referred. These characters are included to aid recognition only, and are not
matched in the corresponding alternative part of couplet.

1. Sciitelkim with concentric coslulae that spread continiiously onto distinctly delimitcd freniim.

Stigma small and sessile (flg. II): PM is distinctly narrower than M near Juncture ot' SI'.
Metepisternal callus smooth. not dilTering in sciilpture IVom propodeiim. [Venation pale; disc
very sparsely pilose. All legs except tips of tibiae and tarsi. with metallic sheen. concoloroiis
with the body.) subgenus Arctorynnis siibgen. n.

- Scutelliim without such concentric costulae. Stigma petiolate: M and PM siibet|iial in breadth
near Juncture ol‘ SI. Metepisternal callus rough. or more rough than propodeum. [I'renum
delimited or tiot.| 2

2. Mandibles with 2 teeth (figs. 4-.S). Anterior margin ol' hind coxa angulate in laleral \iew
(tlgs. 1-3). Propodeum forms a low angle (30-40'') to longitudinal axis of bixl>. coriaceou.s to

r/hyca^] (3)(I.IX.2()()3):93

Ilnely reticulale. Base ofscutellum pointed. Ocelli smaller: OOL more than 1.3 times OD. llind
lemiir wilh lower outer margin carinate and more or less conspicuoiisly deviating ontward in
distal 0.6-0.d of' its length and edentate (fig. 6). [Hind basitarsus about or more than 2.5 times

shorter than hind tibia. S I oblique, expanding. Mesepimeron as high as broad.j

3 (subgenus Callimomus I homson)

- Mandibles with 3 teeth. Anterior margin of hind coxa straight or very slightly angulate or evenly

CLirved in proflle. Propodeum more steep. If sciilpture of propodeum as strong as above (T.
fasiiiosiis Boheman) then frenal line distinct. Base of scutellum narrowly to broadly truncate. If
ocelli as small and close as above {T. iacchos Zavada) then base of scutellum not pointed and
mesepimeron almost twice as high as broad and pointed apically. If hind femur swollen then it
bears a strong tooth 4

3. Scutellum with sculpture obsolescent toward apex. PI elongate. at lea.st 1.5 times as long as

broad. Anterior margin of mesepimeron not straight austriacus-group

- Scutellum with distinct sculpture throughout. F1 shorter than above. Anterior margin of

mesepimeron straight, converging with its posterior margin laetus-group

4. Hind femur with a weak to strong tooth on lower outer margin in distal part. [Pedicellus very

short. SLibquadrate. Sensilla very short and dense.] 5

- Hind femur edentate 8

5. M less than half the length of costal cell. Propodeum with robust. roughiy symmetrical. areolate-

rugose sculpture subgenus A retor}' mus subgen. n.

- M subequal in length to costal cell. Propodeum not with strong raised sculpture, either fniely

reticulate or smooth; in latter case, with or without longitudinal striae and submedian lines 6

6. Propodeum with submedian carinae T. armatus Boheman (species sola)

- Propodeum without submedian carinae 7

7. Propodeum smooth T. kononovae (Zerova & Seryogina) (species sola)

- Propodeum finely reticulate T. fastuosus Boheman (species sola)

8. Shorter hind tibial spur reduced. about half the length of longer spur with the latter not more than

apical breadth of tibia. or absent. Hind coxa slender (figs. 9-10): more than 3.5 times as long as
broad. with posterior margin virtually straight and parallel to anterior margin. [Occipital carina
barely discernible on postgenae. Sculpture on scutellum obsolescent at apex. Frenal line not
traceable.] subgenus Lioterphus Thomson

- Shorter spur present; if about 1/2 the length of longer spur. then {T. lampros Graham. T.

pidchellus Boheman and T. microcerus (Walker) oï chloromerus-gvoup) hind co.xa about twice
as long as broad, or {T. flavipes (Walker) and T. longicalcar Graham of chloronienis-group)
longer spur about or more than twice apical breadth of hind tibia. Hind coxa stouter; its posterior
margin curved 9

9. Propodeal foramen high (fig. 12). [Frenal line distinct.] iv/m///.v-group

- Propodeal foramen low. If intennediate {T. annu/inis (Walker) of chloromerus-group). then

scutellum without frenal line 10

1 0. Posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 entire. Submedian propodeal carinae distinct. nY///^//.v-group

- Posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 incised. Propodeum without traceable submedian carinae

11

I I. Ocelli small: in 9$ POL 1.3-1. 6 times OOL. OOL 1.3-1. 5 times OD. in SS POL 0.8-0. 9 times

OOL. OOL 2. 1-2.2 times OD. Mesepimeron pointed apically. [Sculpture on vertex extremely
fine.] iacc/ios-group'

- Ocelli larger and more distanced from each other than above. Mesepimeron with apex truncate. ...

12

' Mongolian /'. aniilarius Szelénvi. 1973 mo.sl probabfx belong.s togelher with iacchos Za\ada. Due to the
inadcqualeh brief description of Szelénx i's species, a comprehensive diagnosis could not be drawn lor the iucchos-
group. I he eondition of the ocelli of aniilariiis. in particular. is unknown to me; therefore. this character as it
appears in the Le\ ma\ need to be replaeed.

PhegcüM (3) (l'lX.2003): 94

12. Propodeum with tlne reticulation ander which longitudinal striation is invisible. [Body with
strong coppery sheen.] T. fastuosus Boheman (species sola)

- Propodeum without reticulation, smooth or weakly striate longitudinally 13

1 3. Frenal line distinct. thougli weak. Propodeum weakly striate r///7«/A-group

- Frenal line not traceable. Propodeum without striae, occasionally (and at most) alutaceous

medially 14

14. F1 elongate: more than 1.5 times as long as broad. Hind coxa more than 2.5 times as long as

broad. [Temples not more than 0.2 times apparent length of eye.] //f'r/m/t'-group

- F1 shorter. Hind coxa shorter cltloromerus-gYO\\\)

Characters selected for definitions of subgenera

Many characters that clearly admit of gradation, although found to show no
intermediate States in the 102 species studied, are used intentionally. Among
these the least reliable are characters expressed by ratios (e.g., short M in
relation to breadth of wing, high propodeal foramen). However, the arrangement
proposed here, supplemented by auxiliary characters such as coloration and host
preferences, appears more coherent than if I had chosen to discard ratios
completely.

For each of selected characters in the list below the state indicated as
'normaf (or that given first) is assumed to be plesiomorphic as that in which the
character is represented in the "chloromerine" morphological type. The evidence
that species group of chloromerus is a primitive one is given in the Comments
section iinder its title below.

A special attention and weight have been given to charaeters of sculpture.
Comparative studies reveal strong stability of certain types of sculpture within
groLips whose common derivation is suppoited by other characters (for example,
apical obsolescence of sculpture in species of subgenus Lioterphus).

However, several other sculptural patterns, as large and deep piliferous
punctures, reappear in obviously distant groups. and therefore are excluded from
the main list.

As not all of these supplementaiy characters are mentioned in the following
discussion, the reader will have to consult the papers mentioned above. and is
generally supposed to ha\ e some knowledge of the species morphology prior to
estimating the w eight of each character.

Niimber of teeth on mandibles (mt): three teeth/two teeth (figs. 4-5).

Stigma (st): petiolate if M and PM are eqiial in breadth at the juncture of
petiolus with M and PM ■ sessile if M is broader than PM and the length of S'f
cannot be measured (fig. 1 1 ). An extreme state typitying "petiolate" is shown in
fig. 13.

Scutellum: concentric cosliilac (scc): absent • present, 'fhe concentric
costLilae extending over the distinctly delimiled frenum are obser\ed in
Ardorymus subgen. n. and in Nearctic T. kochcici (Iluber) and related species.
Note thal in this pattern. the direction of lineations is longitudinal, thus being
different from the trans\ersel\ running striation sometimes obser\ed in other

rhcyca^\ (3 ) ( 1 .1X.2()03 ): 95

SLibgenera, and that costulae in Arctorymus form a loop anteriorly,
approximately in the middle of scutellum.

Fore wing: IM (M): normal if length of M is subequal to breadth of wing and
more than half the length of costal cell ■ short if it is about to, or less than. half
the breadth of wing and less than 1/3 the length of costal cell.

Fore wing: PM (PM): normal if PM is 1/4 or less times as long as distance
from ST to apex of wing ■ long if it reaches (approximately) a point midway
between ST and apex of w ing.

Metepisternal callus (c): rough if differing in sculpture (that is. more
coarsely sculptured) from propodeum and hearing numerous hairs ■ smooth if
hairs are few and the sculpture is as weak as that on propodeum.

Parastigma^ (pst): normal if equal in breadth with SC ■ swollen if distinctly
broader than (and often darker than) it (fig. 7). This measurement must be done
accurately. In some species (notably in T. fagineiis Graham) the parastigma. if
the wing is observed in dorso-posterior view. appears swollen. This is due to an
intlection of SC at its juncture with cubital vein, proximally to which SC is, from
this angle of view, turned aslant to the eye. and thus not show ing its true breadth.

Shorter hintl tibial spiir (shts): present or reduced ■ absent. I have not
completely overcome doubts if the shorter spur is indeed absent in nitidulus
(W^alker) md fiisciconiis (Walker): in these species the shorter spur may be just
as short as apical setae on hind tibia. But that it is reduced is bevond doubt.

Hind coxa (hc): nonnal if less than 3.3 times as long as broad (usually 2-2.5
times) ■ elongate if more than 3.5 times longer than broad and the dorsal and
ventral margins of the coxa run in parallel for more than half its length.

4th gastral tergite: posterior margin (gs4): emarginate (or incised) ■ entire.
on female gaster.

Propodeal foramen (pf): low if the ratio of the length of propodeum
measured in the middle to that measured half wa\ laterad to the propodeal
spiracle is 0.8- 1.0 ■ high if this ratio is 0.6 or less (fig. 12). This character in the
modified state is accompanied by the angle of propodeum being 60-65°.

Propodeum: submedian carinae (psmc): absent ■ present. Represented as
straight and parallel grooves. This character is best expressed in T. arniatiis
Boheman and in species of cvc?//e//5-group.

Propodeum: median earina (pmc): absent ■ present. Found. quite weakly
expressed, only in T. fastiiosus Boheman. However. quite few characters in
Torymus are expressed stronger.

Anterior margin of hind coxa (ham): not angulate (straight or evenly
curved) ■ angulate (figs. 1-3). Although based and relying largely on the
observer's perception, this character fitly complements the isolated position of
the subgenus CalUniomus Thomson.

■ Two icrms ot' similar spelling. pr(a)ostigma and parastigma. ha\e boen eoneurrentK used to retor to the same
strueture. hortiinatelv. these lerms are fiilU interehangeable.

Phegcü?,\ (3) (i.lX.2003): %

3

Fig. 1- T. igniceps Mayr ' , mesosoma in lateral view; fig. 2 - T. laetus (Walker) posterior part of
mesosoma in lateral view showing angulate hind coxa; t1g. 3 - T. ncmonim Boucek $, outline of
hind coxa in lateral view; fig. 4.- T. igniceps Mayr 9- lel* mandible and lower margin of face in
antero-lateral view; fig. 5.- T. austriacus Graham. the same; fig. 6.- T. laeliis (Walker) <3. hind femur
from inside, showing deviating lower margin; lig. 7.- T. ventralis (Fonscolombe) 9- tore wing.

rhcgcüM (3)(l.IX.2()03): 97

Fig. 8 - T. azurens Boheman hind coxa; tig. 9.- T azurens Boheinan y. mesepimeron; t1g. 10.- T.
miidulus (Walker) $. hind leg; tig. 11.- T. tatianae Zavada V, stigma; fig. 12.- T. druparum
Boheman $. propodeum in postero-dorso-lateral view; fig. 13.- T. notatus (Walker) fore wing
venation.

Ocelli (o): normal if POL:OOL is 1.7-2. 2 and OOLiOD is 0.8-1. 3 ■ small if
POLiOOL is less than 1.5 and OOL:OD is more than 1.3. An incomplete, or
alternative. state is obser\ed in lütidulus (Walker) and fiiscicoruis (Walker),
which have ocelli remarkably small. though not so closely set as is here
Linderstood by the "smallness" of ocelli. However. this is probably an aberration
of 'normal' state caused by the small size of these species.

Ist funicular segment (Fl): normal if F1 not more than 1.2 times as long as
F2 and less than 1.5 times as long as broad ■ elongate if longer than this. This
character was used chiefly to preser\e hederae-gvow^. A 'reduced' state, of
which the condition of proximal funicular segments in nitidulus (Walker) and
fuscicoruis (Walker) is strongly suggesti\e. is regarded differently from the
"normal elongate" opposition.

Phegea 31 (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 98

Table 1 . Species groups and species solae of Graham & Gijswijt ( 1 998)

mt

-St

scc

M

PM

C

psl

slus

lic

gs4

Pf

pmc

psmc

ham

0

F1

P

hdc

11

hft

nilidiilus-g\'o\.\\)

+

laetiis-gvo\.vp^

+

-

-

-

-

-

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

+

i

-

-

-

-

-

T. urmatus
Boheman (sp.
sola)

+

+

+

+

+

cupreiis-gvou^

+

i

+

+

+

+

T. kommovae
(Zer. & Ser.)
(inceilae sedis)

+

?

+

+

austriacus-g\'o\.\\)

+

+

+

+

-

-

-

-

T. azurens
Boheman (sp.
sola)

+

+

haudysi-gxou'p

-

+

+

-

-

+

-

-

-

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9

+

-

cyaneus-gvoup

m

-

m

m

-

-

-

+

+

+

m

variüns-gvoup

+

+

-

erucariim-group

T. nemorum
Boucek (incertae
sedis)

+

+

hederae-gxonp

-

i

+

flavipes-gxoup

pulcheUits-gxonp

T. unmdims
(Walker) (sp.
sola)

'

T. favardi Steffan
(sp. sola)

cmgulatus-gxowp

T. apiomyiae
Boucek &
Mihajlovic (sp.
sola)

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

9

hedeguaris-gxoup

Ouestion mark (?) is placed where data are missing.

(i) marks an intermediate state.

(m) indicates that mixed species are included in that groiip, (i.e.. species in the groiip vaiy in that
character).

I Accpl / cypi uinm ( iraliam & ( ;ijs\\ ijl.

rhc}icaM (3)(1.IX.2()()."G: W

T able 2. Subgenera and species groiips with characters: resulting concepts

mt

st

scc

VI

PM

c

pst

shts

hc

gs4

P>'

pmc

psmc

ham

0

H

P

hdc

fl

hft

SLibgenus

Arctorvniiis

-

+

+

-

-

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9

-

-

subgenus Callinioimis:

austriaciis-

groLip

+

—

-

-

-

-

laetus-'gxowp

+

a

—

i

-

-

-

-

-

subgenus

Lioierphus

+

subgenus

Aretorymiis

*

a

+

+

subgenus Torymus s. str.:

Boheman

-

-

T. kommovae
(Zerova &
Seryogina)

+

T. fastuosus
Boheman

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

+

-

-

-

-

+

-

■

-

cyaneus-group

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

+

-

-

-

+

-

-

-

variaus-group

+

-

-

affmis-gx'oup

-

-

iacchos-gxoivp

-

hederae-gxoup

a

—

chloromerus-

groLip

b

(a) Intermediate; the final interpretation of the character’s state is not decisive.

(b) Intennediate in T. arundmis (Walker).

Question mark (?) is placed where data are missing.

(i) marks an intermediate state.

T. apiomyiae Boucek & Mihajlovic (sp. sola) is excluded as unknown to me.

Pedicellus (p): short if subquadrate and distinctly shorter than F1 ■ normal if
longer than this.

Hind coxa: dorsal carina (hdc): absent ■ present, sometimes displaced on
lateral surface of coxa.

Frenal line (fl): present ■ absent. This is evidently a highly homoplastic
character. being a synapomorphy of several species groups.

Hind femur: tooth (hft): absent ■ present. As the condition of this
traditionally important character in fastuosus Boheman can hardh' be
determined, I included it the lasf and regard it nearly a species character. if not
unusable at all at a higher level for its homoplasticiU’.

PhegeaM (3) (l.IX.2003): 100

Discussion

In table 1 Graham's species groups are each tested with the set of characters
listed above. Species placed putatively in groups in Graham & Gijswijt (1998)
are listed here separately and marked as mcertae sedis.

Represented in table 2 are "natural" groups that include species with
Linvary ing characters. and those species which stand apart trom any such group.

Names of these groups are those of Graham & Gijswijt (1998), except that
chloromenis- is used as an alias for bedeguaris-gxou^. The following entities of
the cited paper are included in chloroinerus-grou^'. flavipes-gxou^, pulchellus-
groLip. erucarum-gvou'(i, cingidatus-gxou\i, and T. arimdinis (Walker) and T.
favardi Steffan (species solae in that paper). For these entities established by
Graham I could not fmd any structural characters, as identical rows of zeros in
Table 1 above show, in which they should differ from chloromerus-gxox\\).

T. azurens Boheman (also species sola in that revision) is here included
together with nitidiihis-gxou^ in the subgenus Lioterphus.

Definition of subgenera and species groups

In this section, the subgenera are provided with diagnoses and type-species;
preserved species groups are only described and discussed.

Subgenus Arctorymus subgen. n.

Type-species; Torymus haiidysi Boucek.

Diagnosis. — Stigma sessile; scutellum with concentric costulae;
metepisternal callus smooth [as indicated in Grissell (1976)].

Description. — Mandible with three teeth; stigma sessile; scutellum with
concentric costulae; M and PM normal; metepisternal callus smooth; parastigma
not swollen; shorter hind tibial spur present and not reduced; hind coxa not
elongate; posterior margin of 4th gastral tergite entire; propodeal foramen low;
median and submedian carinae not traceable on propodeum; anterior margin of
hind coxa straight; ocelli normal; F1 not elongate; pedicellus normal; frenal line
distinct; hind femur without tooth.

Venation pale. parastigma concolorous with proximal abscissa of SC; disc of
fore wing ver\' sparsely pilose.

Biology. — Parasitic on Eurytomidae in grasses.

Comments. — The principal defining character of this subgenus is concentric
costulae on scutellum which spread onto the distinctly delimited frenal area
without weakening (a good SEM picture of scutellum representing this
character, in T. koehelei (lluber), is plate 4b in Grissell ( 1976)). Notwithstanding
its superficial location. the absence of this pattern of sculpture in any other
Palearctic species of Torymus is a conclusive e\ idence of the monophyly of the
species included in this subgenus. Further. supporting characters, the sessile
stigma and smooth metepisternal callus, are as well unique in the genus.

ThcgeaM (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 101

Composition. — haudysi Boucek. tatianae Zavada. Some (not all) species
trom Nearctic tuhicola-group of Grissell (1976) belong in this subgenus
{ koe he Ie i (Hubnr) and related species).

Materials Examined. — T. hauJysi Boucek; I.,.. RUSSIA. Leningrad. Pargolovo. Calama^rostis
epi^eios coll. 2.iv.l972 em.. v.72 (Zerova); 1.^. RUSSIA. Astrakhansky res.. Damchansky area.
A^ropyruni repens. em. 20.V.1976 (Zerova); 1 . . UKRAINE. Danube delta. Isl. Parokhodnaya Kosa.
IO.vii.1997 (Kotenko): 1 UKR.AINE. Dunaiskie Plavni res.. Kordon Bystry. 20.vii.l997
(Kotenko); 1 . UKRAINE. Odessa obl.. Dunaiskie Plavni res.. Isl. Kubanu. 15.viii.l996 (Simutnik);
I . UKR.AINE. Kiev. Theophania. ex Tciramesa eximia in stalks oï Caluma^rostis coll. and em.
v.1966 (NN); 2 . UKR.AINE. Cheniomorsky res.. l\ano-Rybalchansky area. 20.vi.l970 (Zerova) (all
inSlZK).

T. latkmae Zavada: Holot\pe . . UKRAINE. Kherson obl.. Cheniomorsky Res.. Soleno-Ozemy area.
oak birch grove. 6. v. 1982 (Kotenko) (SIZK): 1. paratype. UKRAINE. Lougansk obl..

Streltzovskaya Steppe [Resei-ve]. 10 km S v. Melovoe. 25.V.I979. swept on Caragana frutex (Pere-
pechaenko) (ZMAN ).

Subgenus Callimomus Thomson^

Callimomus Thomson. 1876:60. 77. T\pe-species Callimomus scaposiis Thomson. Designated

by Ashmead 1 904: 24 1 .

Diagnosis. — Mandible with two teeth: anterior margin of bind coxa
angulate.

Description. — Mandible with two teeth: stigma petiolate: scutellum without
concentric costulae; M and PM normal; metepistemal callus rough; parastigma
swollen: shorter hind tibial spur present and not reduced: hind coxa not elongate:
posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 emarginate: propodeal foramen low: median
and submedian carinae not traceable on propodeum: anterior margin of hind
coxa angulate; ocelli small or intermediate; F1 elongate or not: pedicellus
normal: hind coxa without dorsal carina: frenal line not traceable; hind femur
without tooth.

Parastigma darker than SC. Propodeum sloping at a low angle. coriaceous to
finely reticulate, occasionally with lines of rather strong rugosin in the form of
high arches abutting on posterior margin of propodeum (not identifiable as
submedian carinae. the latter being straight and parallel). Base of scutellum
pointed: middle part of dorsum of thorax that includes base of mesoscutum and
scutellum. with notably low relief across sutures (as compared to species of
cliloronierus-group). Mesepimeron with anterior and posterior margins strongly
con\erging upwards. or with anterior margin con\erging only in upper part.
Hind basitarsus short, more than 2.5 times shorter than hind tibia: (notably hind)
femora swollen. hind femur carinate along lower outer margin: the latter
de\ iating outward from even cur\ ature in distal 0.6-0. 9. ST strongly oblique.

Biology. — Parasitic on \arious Diptera in Carex species (Graham &
Gijswijt. 1998). Unknown for ausfriacus-gvoup.

COMMENTS. — This subgenus consists of the species of Graham's laetus- and
üiistriacus-gxoups. The main character for this subgenus is large. two-toothed
mandibles (fig. 4-5): additional supporting character is the angulate anterior

According lo Grissell (pers. conim.). Callimomus was apparenllx s\non>mized b\ Schmiedeknecht (1914). who
was the first to place it under Toiymus. not stating. ho\\e\er. that it was a new s\non>m.

(3)(1.IX.2003); 102

margin of hind coxa. Swollen parastigma is qiiite distinct in the species of
CalUmonius, although several other species {e.g.. T. anuatus Boheman. T.
fagineus Graham) have been found to present a state somewhat approaching it.

There are two subdivisions inside this subgenus which I distinguish as
species groups:

(1 ) anstriacus-gvoup: austriacus Graham (and possibly imperatrix Graham &
Gijswijt: I have not seen this species);

(2) laetiis-group: all the rest.

Graham & Gijswijt (1998) include in their laetus-group also cypriamis
Graham & fischeri Riischka and grahaini Boucek, which species I ha\ e

not had an opportunity to examine. However, the following statement in the
description of cypriamis (p. 87) is indicative of its improper placement in laetiis-
group: "Scutellum [with] base rounded as well as the figure of scutellum.
The other two species, according to figures and host records, may be placed in
this group with good confidence.

There are good reasons to suppose that oustriaciis-group is derived from
laetus-gvoup as having: (a) accomplished small ocelli; (b) smoothed frenum:
(c) stronger sculpture on lateral surface of hind coxa.

COMPOSITION. — arcticiis Thomson, aiistriacus Graham. chrysocephalus
Boheman. //.^c/?c/7' Ruschka. grahami Boucek. igniceps Mayr. laetus (Walker).
nemorum Boucek. regalis (Walker), scaposus (Thomson), and veiitralis
(Fonscolombe).

The Nearctic genus AUotorymus Huber may , in anticipation of its synonymy
with Torymiis Dalman, supply its species to this subgenus (or vice versa), in
view of the relevant remark in Graham & Gijswijt (1998: 1 1 );

"The Nearctic genus Allotorymus Huber. 1927 comes ven near to Torymus.
lts type-species, Syiitomaspis splendens Provancher, 1 887 differs from Torymiis
species mainly in its long. virtually parallel-sided pronotum. lts mandibles ha\e
the form seen in the laetus-group of Torymus', the ocelli are ver\ small: the
forewing has an extremely narrow costal cell: its frenum is more or less offset
and the scutellar base is pointed. These characters are partly shared by the
laetus- and austriacus- groups of Torymus."

Maii riai s Examini.I). — T. arclicus Thomson: 1 y, RUSSIA Far East. Kunashir Isl., N. part of Yu-
Kurilsk. Golovina liay. 145°5E50' E 40°02.50' N. boggy meadow along Bolotnyi Ck. boggy
meadovv. 4.ix. 1977 (Marusik) (SIZK).

7'. aiislriaciis Ciraham: 2 . . UKRAINE. Kiev. Novoselki, svveeping in grass iinder oaks. 16.vi.I984
(Kotcnko) (SIZK); 2^. IJKRAINE. Kiev. l.ysa Hora. 30.V.1995 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 5 . 2 I
gynandromorph. UKRAINI2 fernopol obl.. (iiisiatin distr. Medobory res.. 27. v. 1994 (Siniavskaya)
(SIZK): 2 . UKRAINI-:. Askania Nova res.. 8.viii.l985 (NN) (SIZK); 21 . RUSSIA. Stavropolky
Krai. Mirny. forest hedge between Heids. 14. v. 1972 (Zerova) (SIZK): 3.1 2 same data (ZMAN);

I . MOEDAVIA. Ki.shinev. botanical garden. Ilorescent grass along road. 5. vi. 1 967 (NN) (SIZK).

7'. chrysoccplialiis Itoheman: I . UKRAINl;. Vinnilsa obl.. Irostianets distr.. Sobolevsky fore.st
stat.. Ilorescent grass. Bug riv.. 20.vi.l966 (Zerova) (SIZK): 2 . Evov obl.. Yavorov distr.. Rostochie
res.. Zalivki. tlooded meadows. fore.st. 2l.vii.l996 (Gumovsk} ) (SIZK); 1 . I vov obl.. Yavorov
distr.. Rostochie res.. road from greater bay of pond Yanovsky to riv. Stavchanka. 1 9-2 I .vii. 1 996
(Gumovsky) (ZMAN).

r/lC!^ica^\ (3) (I.IX.2003): 103

7’. i^i^niceps Mayr: I 9- 2o. UKRAINH, Irpen riv., sweeping in grass, 20.vi.l958 (NN) (SIZK); 1^^,
IlUNGARY. Apatistvanfalvi, 3Ü.vi.l994 (Fursov) (SIZK); 1 Y, NETHERLANF3S, 't Harde.
22.x. 1977 (van Aailsen) (ZMAN).

T. lücliis (Walker): I UKRAINE. Kiev, Nemeshaevo, ex galis Biorhiza pallida^ . 13.vii.l974
(Zerova) (SIZK); I r. RUSSIA Ear East. Sakhalin. Novoale.xandrovsk. 7-27. viii. 1 986 (Nesterov)
(SIZK); 1 9- l6'. Evov obl.. Yavorov distr., Rostochie res., road from greater bay of pond Yanovsky
to riv. Stavchanka. 1 9-21 .vii. 1996 (Gumovsky) (ZMAN); 1 9. NE 'fHERLANDS. Kunrade 5.vii.l992
(van Aartsen) (ZMAN); li^. FRANCE. Le Miiy, IO.x.1985 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

r. nemonim Boiicek: I9, MOLDAVIA. Derbetsy v., 9.vi.l974 (Kononova) (SIZK); I 9, UKRAINE
Zaporozhie obl.. Melitopol distr., "Kamennaya Mogila", 12. vi. 1983 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 1 9,
UKRAINE, Evov obl.. Yavorov distr.. Rostochie res.. road from greater bay of pond Yanovsky to riv.
Stavchanka. sweeping in riparian meadow 21 .vii. 1996 (Gumovsky) (ZMAN).

T. re^alis (Walker): ?3(5'. UKRAINE, Khmelnitsky obl., Slavut. distr.. near lake Sviatoe. boggy
forest, 2ü.vi.l999 (Kotenko) (SIZK); ?l 9- same data (ZMAN); UKRAINE, Kiev. Lysaya Gora,

I .vii. 1999 (Zavada) (ZMAN).

T. scaposus (Thomson): 1(5'. UKRAINE. Volyn obl.. Kovel distr., nr. lake Liibche. 6.vi.2000
(Kotenko) (ZMAN).

T. ventruUs (Fonscolombe): 19^ UKRAINE, Evov obl., Yavorov distr., Rostochie res.. border of
reserve and Stadchansky forest station. 22. vii. 1996 (Gumovsky) (ZMAN); I9. HUNGARY.
Dravapalkonya, 4.x. 1973 (Heller) (SIZK); 1 ROMANIA, nr. Tulcha. clearing in fbrest. 18. v. 1996
(Kotenko) (SIZK); 1 9- UKRAINE. Zakarpatskaya obl.. Vinogradov distr., nr. v. Hetyna. riparian
meadow on riv. Tisa. 4.viii.l999 (Zavada) (SIZK); 19- Transcarpathians. Tiachev, plains along Tisa
riv.. 24. vii. 1995 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 1 9- Carpathians. Chernogorie. forest st.. 6. viii. 1994 (Simutnik)
(SIZK); 19. 2(5', Vinnitsa obl.. Trostianets distr.. Sobolevsky forest stat., florescent grass. Bug riv..
20.vi.l966 (NN) (SIZK). 1 9- 1(5- RUSSIA, Moscow obl., Nogin distr.. v. Chernogolovka. 6.08. 1992
(Kotenko) (SIZK); 1(5, Tsentralny Chernozem Reserve, Yamskoy area, 13. vii. 1981 (NN) (SIZK);

I 9- RUSSIA, Dagestan, Karadakh, 4.vi.l972 (Zerova) (SIZK).

Subgenus Lioterphus Thomson

Lioferplnis Thomson, 1876:60. 99. Type-species: Toiymm pallidiconiis Boheman (now T
niiidulus (Walker). Designated by Ashmead 1904:241.

Toiyiuus Dalman (in part); Grissell, 1976 (synonymy).

Diagnosis. — Shorter hind tibial spurs absent or reduced; bind coxa elongate
(figs. 8. 10).

Description. — Mandible vvith three teeth; stigma petiolate; scutellum
without concentric costulae; M and PM normal; metepisternal callus rough;
parastigma not swollen; shorter hind tibial spur reduced or absent; hind coxa
elongate; posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 emarginate; propodeal foramen
low; median and submedian carinae not traceable; anterior margin of hind coxa
straight; ocelli small^; F1 not elongate (see remarks below); pedicellus normal;
hind coxa without dorsal carina; frenal line not traceable; hind femur without
tooth.

Teguments of the body weakly sclerotized and soft (though dark, not
testaceous): mounted specimens often have head collapsed and rest of body
distoited. Hind coxa notably slender: more than 3.5 times as long as broad, with
weak. coriaceous sculpture on lateral surface which is devoid of punctures.

^ ApparcntK wrong.

^ .Mthough wide apart, which does nol allow to idenlib ihis state w iih ihat designated as "normal" in the character
list.

Phegea3l (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 104

Propodeum sloping at a high angle, with very small and scarcely visible foveolae
along anterior margin. Base of scutellum broadly truncate. Mesepimeron about
twice as high as broad; scutellum with sculpture obsolescent toward apex.
Occipital carina barely discernible laterally.

In T. nitidulus (Walker) md fiisciconiis (Walker), anterior margin of male
scape is strongly produced forward, so the scape is strongly oblong in
midsection, and proximal antennal segments reduced in size, anelliform.

Biology. — Parasitic on Diptera Cecidomyiidae in catkins of Betii/a
{nitidulus (Walker) and fusciconiis (Walker)) and in Picea cones {azurens
Boheman).

COMMENTS. — This subgenus unites T. azurens Boheman and species of
Graham's nitidulus-%ro\\\) as sharing the following characters: ( 1 ) exceedingly
elongate and virtually parallel-sided hind coxa; (2) reduced/absent shorter hind
tibial spur; and (3) virtual absence of occipital carina on postgenae. The shorter
hind tibial spur in azurens Boheman is notably and disproportionately reduced
(barely longer than the apical setae on outer side of the tibia). and 1 regard this
condition as nearer to that seen in the other two species than to the
plesiomorphic state. An additional argument is in the evidence that the three
species have Holarctic distribution, whereas very few species of Torynnis occur
in both regions.

COMPOSITION. — azurens Boheman, fusciconiis (Walker), and nitidulus
(Walker).

Mati RIAI.s ExaminM). — T. azweits Boheman: 5$. UKRAINE, Carpathian res.. Kostylevka,
22.vii.1995 (Simutiiik) (SIZK); 8y, 2(5', UKRAINE. Chernigov obl., d/p Trostianets, ex Picea cones.
coll. 3.iv.l969. em. I8.iv.l970 (Smetanin) (SIZK); 2$, 1 5', Bot. garden of Acad. Sci., ex Picea
cones. 25.vi.l965 (Zemkova) (SIZK); 5$. 63'. EATVIA, Dundarsky Leskhoz. Picea cones,
15.vii.1966 (Sa.xon) (SIZK); 1 9. same data (ZMAN); 1 9, EITHUANIA, Plunge, ex Picea cones.
coll. 3. i. 1971. em. 10. i. 1972 (Milishauskas) (SIZK): 39. El l HUANIA. riv. Shiliite. ex Picea cones.
1972 (Milishauskas) (SIZK); 29- Ir^. MOEDAVIA. Kapriany. garden, ex Picea cones (Cvtiia
sn-ohilella). I2-13.V.1971 (Plugaru) (SIZK); 449. 57(5'. RUSSIA. Penn obl.. v. Nijny Eukh. Ural tir.
coll. I2.xi.l966,em. 15.xii. 1966-15. i. 1967 (Tsybnisky) (SIZK); I 9. NETl lEREANDS. Westervelde
(Dr). 2Ü.V.I970. (van Aartsen) (ZMAN); l-A NETHEREANDS. VEEP (G) 21.V.I991 (Grijpma)
(ZMAN).

T. fusciconiis (Walker): 1 . NE'I IIEREANOS. Hilversum kalkterrein. 3.vi.l971 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN);

1 3, NETHEREANDS, Hilversum kalkterrein. 13.V.1971 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 1 , UKRAINE. Kiev.

Hydropark. 4. v. 1999 (Gumovsky) (SIZK); 2,2^. UKRAINIE Kiev. 'fheophania. iv.1968 (Zerova)
(SIZK); 6 , 13 UKRAINIE Kiev. Bot. garden of Acad. Sci. of UkrSSR. ex birch seeds. 1966-
1968 (Zerova) (SIZK); 13 . 1^. UKRAINE. Chernomorsky Biosphere Reserve. Ivano-

Rybalchanskyarea. 24-25.V.I99I (NN)(S1ZK).

7’. niiicfiiliis (Walker): 4.6. UKRAINE^. Kiev obl.. Obukhov distr.. v. Pluty. 25. iü. 1968 (Zerova):

2 . UKRAINE. Kiev. fheophania. iv.1968 (Zerova); 1.9'. UKRAINEE Kiev. Bot. garden of
Acad. Sci.. coll. viii.1967. em. xii. 1 967-1 9.iii. 1 968 (Zerova); 2 . ibid.. birch seeds. 27.x. 1973
(Zemkova); 8.2 . ibid.. seeds of lieliila exilis. coll. 9.x. 1 966 (Zerova) (all in SIZK ).

Subgenus ƒ /.V subgen. n.

fype-species: 7, calcaratiis Nees.

DiACiNOSis. M short: propodeum with robusl. nearl\ .symmetrical areolate-
rugose sculpture.

7V/cgc'(/.31 (3) (I. IX. 2003): 105

Dhscription. — Mandible with three teeth: stigma petiolate; scutellum
without concentric costulae; M short; PM normal: metepisternal callus rough;
parastigma normal; shorter hind tibial spur present and not reduced; hind coxa
not elongate; posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 broadly emarginate; propodeal
tbramen low; median and submedian carinae not traceable on propodeum (see
remarks below); anterior margin of hind coxa not angulate (broadly rounded);
ocelli normal; F1 not elongate; pedicellus short; hind coxa carinate dorsally;
frenal line distinct; hind femur with a strong tooth.

Body all over in large and close piliferous punctures (such punctures mark.
in particular. the intermesepisternal suture); hind femur expanded with lower
OLiter margin carinate. and hearing a strong tooth. Funicular segments with short
and \ery dense sensilla. Propodeum with robust. nearh' symmetrical areolate-
rugose sculpture (so submedian carinae cannot form themselves as straight
narrow grooves over the strongly rugged surface). Lower face with a row of
what seems fused punctures running parallel to the lower margin of face at a
short distance from it. Mesepimeron high (or rather, narrow): horizontal abscissa
of metapleural suture stretches far bevond the point where anterior margin of
mesepimeron meets it.

Biology. — Parasitic on Sphecidae and Apidae in hollow sterns of Riibiis.
also in vacated cynipid galis on Querciis and. most probably. in other ca\ ities
appropriate for host nests.

COMMENTS. — This subgenus comprises two species of Diomorus of authors.
The invention of a new name to supersede the traditional "Diomorus" was
Lina\ oidable because the tv pe-species of Diomorus {Diomorus nobilis Walker,
now T. armatus Boheman) falls outside of Aretorymiis subgen. n.. thus
preoccupying "Diomorus" for the name of a taxon of its own.

COMPOSlïlON. — calcaratus Nees and cupreus (Spinola).

Materials ExaMINED. — T. calcaratus Nees: UKRAINE. Kiev. gardens. 18.vi.l972

(Marinchenko) (SIZK): 1$. ARMENIA, pr. Eriwan. Mus. Armen. A'oll-24 (Schelkovnikow)
(SIZK); ly. MOLDAVIA. Kishinev. IO.vi.1960 (V. Talitzky) (SIZK); l y. FRANCE. Fontaine de
Vaucluse. 19.vi.l981. (Tschorsnig) (SIZK): 1$. NETHERLANDS. St. Pietersberg. 13.\ii.l995 (v.
Aartsen) (ZMAN); iT, FR.ANCE. Dept. Vaucluse. Malaucene l.viii.1973 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

T. cupreus (Spinola): 19- RUSSIA. Rostov obk, Aksaysk\ distr., v. Rassvet. 2.viii.l979 (Artokhin)
(SIZK); iT. same data except 13.viii.l979 (SIZK); 19- UKRAINE. Donetsk obk. Slaviansky distr..
V. Bogorodichnoe. 17.vii.l984 (Kotenko) (SIZK).

Subgenus Torymus Dalman s. str.

Callimome Spinola. 181 1: 146-148. Tvpe-species: Ichneumon hedeguaris Linnaeus. Designated
byCurtis. 1835:552.

Misocampe Latreille, 1818: 213. Type-species: Ichneumon hedeguaris Linnaeus. Designated by
Gaban & Fagan. 1923:91.

Torymus Dalman. 1820: 135; 178. Type-species: Ichneumon hedeguaris Linnaeus. Designated
by Ashmead. 1904:242.

Misocampus Stephens. 1829: 395 [misspelling].

Synfomaspis Foerster. 1856: 43-44. Type-species: Torymus eurynotus Foerster (now T. cyaneus
(Walker)). Designated by Gaban & Fagan 1923: 139.

T. armatus Bobeman (species sola)

PhegeuM (3) { 1 .IX.2003): 106

Description. — Mandible with three teeth; stigma petiolate; scutellum
without concentric costulae; M normal; PM long, tapering to a vanishing point
midway from junction of ST to apex of wing; metepisternal callus rough;
parastigma intermediate; shorter hind tibial spur present and not reduced; hind
coxa not elongate; posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 incised and broadly and
shallowly emarginate; propodeal foramen low; median propodeal carina absent,
submedian carinae distinct; anterior margin of hind coxa straight; ocelli normal;
F1 not elongate; pedicellus short; hind coxa in males not carinate, in females
with a weak and short dorsal carina shifted onto lateral surface; frenal line
distinct; hind femur with a strong tooth.

Hind femur swollen, ecarinate, hearing a strong tooth. The nitid dorsal area
of hind coxa delimited laterally by the dorsal carina (when present, in other
species) is spreading a short distance on lateral surface of coxa in females.
Funicular segments with short and very dense sensilla. Hind wing with a very
w eak remnant of cv.

Biology. — As in SLibgenus Aretoiymiis.

Materiai.S Examined. — T. armalus Boheman: 1$, UKRAINE, Carpathians, Chernogory, forest.
stat., 6.viii.l994 (Simutnik) (SIZK): 1$, UKRAINE, Volyn obl., road in forest N to v. Nevir,
17.viii.l998 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 1$, UKRAINE, Kiev, Novoselki, 6.ix.l984 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 2$,
UKRAINE, Donetsk obl., Slaviansky distr., v. Bogorodichnoe, I7.vii.l984 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 1$,
UKRAINE, Odessa obl., Dunaiskie Plavni res., 14.viii.l996 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 2$, RLISSIA Far
East, Priniorie, v. Kievka, ex cocoons Osmia launis, 15. iv. 1982 (Romankova) (SIZK); 1$, 1(5'.
RUSSIA Far East. Primorie, v. Sokolovka, 25.iii.l982 (Romankova) (SIZK); 4$, 2c5', RUSSIA Far
East, Primorie, v. Benevskoe, 20.vi.l981 (Romankova) (SIZK); 1$, 1(5', RUSSIA Far East,
Yuzhnosakhalinsk, nr v. Eugovoe, 20.iii.l986 (Nesterov) (SIZK); 3$, 1(5', RUSSIA Far East,
Sakhalin Isl., nr v. Novoalexandrovsk, nest of Crossocenis sp. in stem of Riihiis ex larvae, iii.1974
(Nesterov) (SIZK); 29, ibid., 20.iii.l986 (Nesterov) (SIZK); 1 $, ibid., 2.vii.l975 (Nesterov) (SIZK);
1?, 16', ibid., 19.vii.l987 (Nesterov) (SIZK); 1$, l<5', ibid., 27.viii.l986 (Nesterov) (SIZK); 1$,
NETHERLANDS, Pietersberg, 21 .vi. 1990 (van Aartsen) (ZMAN); l6', NETHERLANDS, Niinspeet,
22. vi. 1975 (van Aaitsen) (ZMAN).

T. kononovae (Zerova & Seryogina) (species sola)

Description. — Mandible with three teeth; stigma petiolate; scutellum
without concentric costulae; M normal; PM intermediate, tapering to a vanishing
point at about 1/3 the distance from Junction of ST to apex of wing:
metepisternal callus rough; parastigma normal; shorter hind tibial spur present
and not reduced; hind coxa not elongate; propodeal foramen low; propodeum
without median or submedian carinae; anterior margin of hind coxa straight;
ocelli normal; F1 not elongate; pedicellus short; hind coxa not carinate dorsally;
frenal line distinct; hind femur w ith a moderate tooth.

Hind coxa nitid dorsally in basal part, much like the state seen in T. armalus
Boheman. Funicular segments with short and ver\ dense sensilla. Disc of fore
w ing with infumate area expanding from stigma posterad.

Bioeogy Linknown. Associated with calcareous grounds. Site records are:
Czech Republic, Bohemia Velkv Vrestov (type localit) of T. pulcher Boucek. a
junior synonym of T. kononovae (Zerova & Ser\ogina)). Southern and I/astern
Ukraine (steppe zone), and Kazakhstan (type localit\ ).

/V/cgcx/31 (3)(I.IX.2()03): 107

CoMMKN rs. — This species might be united with T. armatus Boheman in one
species group, both having the long and tapering PM and similarly sculptured
hind coxa. However, T. kononovae (Zerova & Ser>ogina) has propodeum
smooth and devoid of grooves or longitudinal striation, which prevents this
grouping.

Ma'II RIAI.S Examinhd. — T. kononovcie (Zerova & Seryogina): Holotype $, KAZAKHSTAN, nr
Kokchctav, steppe with calcareous denudations, 2l.vii.l987 (Kononova) (SIZK); 1$. UKRAINE,
Lougansk obl., Streltsovskaya Steppe res.. 27. vi. 1983 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 1:^. UKRAINE, Donetsk
obl., Kamennye Mogily res.. I4.vi.l983 (Kotenko) (SIZK).

T. fastiwsus Boheman {species sola)

Description. — Mandibles with three teeth; stigma petiolate. scutellum
without concentric costulae; M and PM normal; metepisternal callus rough;
parastigma not swollen; shorter hind tibial spur not reduced; hind coxa not
elongate; posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 narrowly incised; propodeal
foramen low; median propodeal carina traceable as raised line; submedian
carinae not traceable; anterior margin of hind coxa straight; ocelli normal; F1 not
elongate; pedicellus short; hind coxa without dorsal carina; frenal line distinct;
hind femur occasionally with a ver\ small tooth.

Propodeum fmely reticulate. Sensilla on funicular segments extremely dense
and short; tlagellum notably stout, in males broadest at F2-F3.

Biology. — Parasitic on Cynipidae in Qiterciis.

Maii RIAI.S Examini i). — T. fastuüsus Boheman: 69- GEORGIA. Khodjori. coll. 2.ix.l974, em.
28.vii.1975 ex Qiiercns (Khodjevanishvili) (SIZK); 29, IcT, same data (ZMAN).

Species group of varians

Description. — Mandible with three teeth; stigma petiolate; scutellum
without concentric costulae; M and PM normal; metepisternal callus rough;
parastigma normal; shorter hind tibial spur present and not reduced; hind coxa
not elongate; posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 emarginate and incised;
propodeal foramen high (fig. 12); median and submedian propodeal carinae
absent; anterior margin of hind coxa straight; ocelli normal; F1 not elongate;
pedicellus normal; hind coxa not carinate dorsally; frenal line distinct; hind
femur without tooth.

Biology. — Phytophagous in seeds of Rosaceae; for some species (Nearctic
T. aea (Walker) and T. eurytomae (Puzanova-Mahsheva)) mixed feeding has
been shown (Grissell 1976).

COMMENTS. — This species group is defmed by the high position of
propodeal foramen. additional supporting characters being circular shape of
head, protruding parascrobal areas. and prevailing phytophagy.

1 examined a series of T. eurytomae (Puzanova-Malysheva) in SIZK. They
appear like large specimens of T. drupanim Boheman or T. varians (Walker); 1
coLild not find any reliable differences between the three species except the host
records.

COMPOSniON. — (Palaearctic species only) aiicupariae (Rodzianko).
drupanim Boheman, eurytomae (Puzanova-Malysheva), gracilior Graham &
PhegcüM (3)(1.1X.20()3): 108

Gijswijt, terentianus Zavada. varians (Walker). T. mterruptus Gijswijt may
belong here.

Materials Exampned. — T. aucupariae (Rodzianko): 19. UKRAINE, Poltava, ex rowan seeds,

1 5.VÜ. 1 899 {Rodzianko) (SIZK).

T. druparum Boheman: I MOLDAVIA, Kishinev, 30. v. 1976 (V. & N. Talitskys) (SIZK); 4$, 4(5',

ibid.. apple seeds, aiitiimn 1958, (V. Talitsky) (SIZK); 1$, ibid., 19.vii.l959 (V. Talitsky) (SIZK);
1$, ibid., garden, 28.V.1958, (V, Talitsky) (SIZK); 1(^, MOLDAVIA, Rybnitsa, nr v. Belochi, open
ravine slopes in deciduous forest. 13.vi.l967 (IMN) (SIZK); 1$, UKRAINE, Kiev, on windowsill.
4.iii.l986 (Zerova) (SIZK); 1$, UKRAINE, Kiev, Teremki, 9.iv.l974 (Petrenko) (SIZK); 1 1 $, 3(5'.
UKRAINE, Kiev, Ukr. inst. tbr experimental horticulture, 71959 (Zerova) (SIZK); 1$, UKRAINE,
Kiev, Goloseevo, 26.V.2000 (Zavada) (ZMAN).

T. gracilior Graham: I 9, RUSSIA Far East, Saklialin, Novoalexandrovsk, 7-27.viii.1986 (Nesterov)
(SIZK); 19 paratype, FRANCE, Dépt. Gard, Crespion, langs Doulibre in struiken, 8.vi.l982
(Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 1 9, ITALY - Abr., Prov FAquita, Gran Sasso d'ltalia, S.E. slope, 1400 m,
17.vi.l993 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

T. varians (Walker): 29. GERMANY, Schleswig, 18.vii.l96I (NN) (SIZK); I9, UKRAINE,
Kharkov obl., 2 km down riv. Oskol, right bank of riv. Sev. Donets, forest, I2.vii.l982 (Kotenko)
(SIZK); I 9, UKRAINE Crimea, Luchistoe, pear, 3.vi.l989 (Shvedov & Lazarenko) (SIZK).

T. terentianiis Zavada: 99 (entire type series), KAZAKHSTAN, Akmolinskaya obl., Shehuchinsk, ex
seeds of Cotoneaster melanocarpa Lodd., 1997 (Gninenko) (SIZK).

Species group of cyaneus

Description. — Mandible with three teeth; stigma petiolate; scutellum
without concentric costulae; M and PM normal; metepistemal callus rough;
parastigma normal; shorter bind tibial spur present and not reduced; bind coxa
not elongate; posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 entire; propodeal foramen low;
median propodeal carina absent; submedian carinae distinct; anterior margin of
bind coxa straight; ocelli normal; F1 normal; pedicellus short; bind coxa carinate
dorsally; frenal line distinct; bind femur without tooth.

Body all over in large and dense piliferous punctures (although less close
than in cupreus-gxow'^ and not present at the suture dividing mesepisterna).
Funicular segments with short and very dense sensilla. Propodeum with pre-
spiracular carinae as shallow grooves.

COMMENTS. — No character may be selected as diagnostic for this group;
such character might be the entire posterior margin of gastral tergite 4, hut it is
also observed in Arctorymus subgen. n.

Biology. — Parasitic on Cynipidae in Quercus (Graham & Gijswijt, 1998)
and in Rosa.

COMPOSIIION. — hrevicoxa Zavada, cyaneus Walker, and macrurus
(Förster). T. monlanus (Zerova) may belong here (at the time I examined this
species, I was not considering the present work).

Maii riai.S Examini I). — T. hrevicoxa Zavada: holotype and paratype TADJIKISFAN.
Kondara. 24.iv.l980, ein. I2.V.I980 ex galis o\' Diplolepis sp. on /(o.viy (PIjusheh) (ZMAN)’.

T. cyaneus Walker: 2.. MOLDAVIA, Kotovsk distr., v. Rezeny. div. 432. 15. vi. 1962 (Plugaru)
(SIZK); I 4 RUSSIA. Leningrad obl.. 'I olmachevo. ex Cvnips divisa on oak. I.x.1960 (NN)
(SIZK); 1 . . 2 ■, MOLDAVIA. Kalfa, 26.V.1971 (Pliigaru) (SIZK); I UKRAINE. Piiseha Voditsa.

’ Indication ofils dcpositor\ in /,a\ada (2()()lb) is incorrect.

rhegcüM (3)(I.IX.20()3): 109

2.?xi.l%8 (Logvin) (SIZK); 19- 2 9. UKRAINR, Kiev. Darnitsa, ex galis Cynips quercusfoliL 24. iv-
24. V. 1974 (Rayevsky) (SIZK); 21^^. lüö', RUSSIA, Prioksko-Terrsny res.. Cynips lonyiventris.
leaves, coll. iv.1982, em. 20-30. v. 82 (Zerova) (SIZK); 2 UKRAINE, suburbs of Kiev, ex Cynips

querciisfoUi on oak, 4.vi.l955 (Zerova) (SIZK); I 9, UKRAINE, Rakhov. meadow over gorge,
I5.vii.l993 (Simutnik) (ZMAN); 1$, NETHERLANDS. 's Graveland. gal Cyn. longiv.. 23.V.I963
(Gijswijt) (ZMAN); I NETI lEREANDS, 's Graveland, galis Diplolepis ciivisa, 26.iii.l957
(Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

T. inacnirus (Förster): 1$, 1(5', MOLDAVIA, Diirleshty. garden 859, ex galis Cynips qiiercusfolii,
v.1963 (l^liigaru) (SIZK); 1$, UKRAINE, Kiev, Darnitsa forest stat., oak forest, galis Cynips
qiiercusfolii, IO.xi.1973 (Rayevsky) (SIZK); 6?, UKRAINE, Kiev obl., Irpen, coll., 10.vJ974
(Diakonchuk) (SIZK).

Species group of affinis

Description, — Mandible vvith three teeth; stigma petiolate; scutellum
without concentric costulae; M and PM normal; metepisternal callus rough;
parastigma normal; shorter hind tibial spur present and not reduced; hind coxa
not elongate; posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 incised; propodeal foramen
low; median propodeal carina absent; submedian carinae indistinguishable
amidst weak longitudinal striation on propodeum; anterior margin of hind coxa
straight; ocelli normal; F1 not elongate; pedicellus short; hind coxa weaklv
carinate dorsally; frenal line distinct, though weak; hind femur without tooth.

M and SM broadening towards juncture of ST (fig. 13).

COMMENTS. — This group is close to the preceding one. lts incised gastral
tergite 4 prevents merging of the two. I am not quite confident in separating this
species group.

Biology. — As in cyaneus-%vo\x^.

COMPOSITION. — qffhiis (Fonscolombe), notatiis (Walker), and cerri (Mayr).

Materials Examimed. — T. affinis (Fonscolombe); 1 $, UKRAINE, Uzhgorod (nr airport), coll.
24.x. 91. em. iv.1991 ex galis Biorhiza pallida on Q. rnhiir (Diakonchuk) (SIZK); 9$, 20(5',
UKRAINE, Kiev, Theophania, galis of Biorhiza pallida, I9.V.1974 (Zerova) (SIZK); I
UKRAINE, Kiev, Novoselki, 4.V.I984 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 4$. 2(5', UKRAINE, Kiev, Puscha
Voditsa. ex galis of Biorhiza pallida coll. lO.vi.1984, em. 17.vi.84 (Zerova) (SIZK); 4$, 3(5',
UKRAINE, Kanev, iv.1954 (Zerova) (SIZK); 5$, 12(5', ibid., l.vi.1976 (Zerova) (SIZK); 20?, 8(9.
UKRAINE, Chernomorsky res., Solenoozerny area. Biorhiza pallida, em. 5.V.1974 (Zerova) (SIZK);
18$. 8(5', UKRAINE. Chernomorsky res., Iv.-Rybalchansky area. 21. vi. 1970 (Zerova) (SIZK); 1 $.
3(5', MOLDAVIA, Lozovo. garden. Biorhiza pallida, v.1972 (Plugaru) (SIZK); 1$. MOLDAVIA,
Golerkany, forest, 25. iv. 1968 (Plugaru) (SIZK); 6$. GEORGIA, Khodjori, oak. em. 28.vii.l975
(Khodjevanishvili) (SIZK); 1 $, AZERBAUAN, v. Sarybash, 1.700 m, oak. galis of Biorhiza pallida.
coll. 5.VÜ.1973, em. iii.1974 (Zerova) (SIZK); 1$, NETHERLANDS, Vijlen (erbos) Lbg. galis Bior.
pallida 19. ii. 1993 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 1(5', NETHERLANDS, Overveen, 15.V.1970 (van Aartsen)
(ZMAN).

T. notatus (Walker): 5$, 3(9, UKRAINE, Kiev. Theophania. galis of Andricus curvator. 20.v-
I7.vi.l974 (Zerova) (SIZK); 2$, UKRAINE. Kanev. reserve, oak. l.vii.1976 (Zerova); 1(9,
UKRAINE, Kiev, Theophania. ex galis o\' Andricus curvator, 20.V.1974 (Zerova) (SIZK); 1$. same
data (ZMAN).

Species group of hederae

Description. — Mandible with three teeth; stigma petiolate, ST strongly
oblique; scutellum without concentric costulae; M and PM normal; metepisternal
callus rough; parastigma intennediate; shorter hind tibial spur present and not
PhegeciM (3)(1.IX.2003): 110

reduced; hind coxa not elongate (not so much, and iiot of the shape, as in
Lioterphus species); posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 minutely incised;
propodeal foramen low; median or submedian propodeal carinae not traceable;
anterior margin of hind coxa straight; ocelli normal; Fl elongate; pedicellus
normal; hind coxa carinate dorsally; frenal line absent; hind femur without tooth.

Base of scutellum very narrowly truncate, but not pointed; base of gaster
more or less extensively testaceous; temples (length in dorsal view) extremely
short; scape reaching well above anterior ocellus.

COMMENTS. — Although defmed by a combination of characters, this group
is good and does not have manifest synapomorphies except narrowed base of
scutellum, somewhat swollen parastigma. and oblique and expanding ST which
it shares w ith Callimomus.

Biology. — Parasitic on Cecidomyiidae on Fagiis.

COMPOSITION. — fagi (Hoffmeyer)^ydg//7Pz/5 Graham, hederae (Walker) and
speciosus Boheman.

Materials Examineü. — T. fagineus Graham: 25. UKRAINE. Transcarpathians. Carpathian
Biosphere res.. 1-1 l.viii.1994 (Simutnik) (ZMAN); 1 y, UKRAINE, Carpathians. Chernogory. forest
stat.. 6.viii.l994 (Simutnik) (ZMAN); 1$. 1 (mj, FRANCE, Dróme, Lachau (1.200 m). 8 km E.
Séderon. 15.ix.l989 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

T. hederae (Walker): 1?. UKRAINE. Carpathian res.. Malaya Ugolka. 27.vii.l995 (Simutnik)
(SIZK); 2y. Carpathians. Maramorosh. Il.viii.1994 (Simutnik) (SIZK); 1 V- Carpathians.
Chernogory forest stat.. Bily. 9.viii.l994 (Simutnik) (SIZK); 1 $. UKRAINE. Carpathian res., Burkut.
nr office. 500-600 m I9.?x.l994 (Simutnik) (ZMAN).

T. speciosus Boheman; 1 y. MOl.DAVIA (SIZK).

Species group of iacchos

Descriphon. — Mandible with three teeth; stigma petiolate; scutellum
without concentric costulae; M and PM normal: metepisternal callus rough;
parastigma normal; shorter hind tibial spur present and not reduced; hind coxa
not elongate (3-3.2 times as long as broad); posterior margin of gastral tergite 4
emarginate and incised; propodeal foramen low; median or submedian propodeal
carinae not traceable: anterior margin of hind coxa straight: ocelli small and
close to each other: Fl not elongate: pedicellus normal: hind coxa not carinate
dorsally: frenal line not traceable: hind femur without tooth.

Anellus notabi}' elongate and stout, approaching Fl in shape. Mesepimeron
pointed apically.

CoMMENis. — 4'his species is distinguished b\ its small and closeh set
ocelli.

T. cnwlariiis Szelényi. as far as can be inferred from its description. ma\ fall
together w ith iacchos Za\ada in one species group. 'fhe following statements in
Szelénv i's description suggest their affinitx : long anellus. coppeiy \ertex. tlne
scLilpture on face. gaster being (conspicuousK ) longer than thorax. Szeléin i does

^ According tn (Iraliam (iijswijl's in)ics on ihis spccic.s. it ma> bc conspceilic with / \pccioMi\

Boheman.

rhegca?>\ (3) (I. EX. 2003): I 1 I

not refer to ocelli in anulariiis nor to its mesepimeron. At present I place T.
anularius Szelén\ i together with iacchos with moderate confidence.

Biology. — Reared from galis of Nipporhodites magna Vyrzhikovskaya
(Cynipidae) on Rosa sp.

Ma i'ERIAI.S ExamimïD. — T. iacchos Zavada: Holotype south-eastern KAZAKHSTAN. northern
Tien Shan. Zailiysky Alatau. Pravy Talgar. 1.500-1.750 m, ex galis of Nipporhodites magna
Vyrzhikovskaya on Rosa sp.. 26.iii-19.iv.l973 (Antziferova & Mozolevskaya) (SIZK); 1
paratypes. saine data as holotype (SIZK): I I [mj paratypes. same data as holotype (ZMAN); 9:^^
paratypes. locality. date and collector the same as of holotype but ex galis of Diplolepis rosae (L.)
(SIZK); 4$ paratypes. same locality but without host specification and 25. iv. 1978. em. 25. v-
l.vi.1978 (Pljushch) (SIZK); 14 _. I4ö' paratypes. same data except 2.300 m. ex galis of Diplolepis
rosae (L.). 1973 (Lastochkin) (SIZK); 6^. 4(J. same data as holotype (SIZK); 25?. lOc^. same data
as holotype but ex galis of Diplolepis rosae (L.) (SIZK); 5$. I KYRGHYZSTAN. Tien Shan.
Kyrghyz Alatau. 1.200 m. ex galis of Nipporhodites sp.. 7.4.1974 (lonov) (SIZK); 2^,:;.
TADJIKISTAN. Kondara. ex galis of Diplolepis sp. on Rosa canina L.. coll. 25.iii.l981. em. autumn
1981 (Zerova) (SIZK): 33$. 19(5'. same locality as holotype but 1.700 m. on Rosa sp.. S.v.1980
(Ermolenko) (SIZK); 3$. ó?- S-E KAZAKHSTAN. Alma-Ata reserve. Rosa sp.. coll. I.v.1978. em.
1 4-1 6.V. 1978 (Pljushch) (SIZK); 4$, 3(^. same data (ZMAN); 14 .. 20-'^. KYRGHYZSTAN. canyon
of Alamedin riv.. 1.500 m. 13.iv.l980 (Eremchenko) (SIZK).

T. apiomyiae Boucek & Mihajiovic (species sola)

(I have not seen this species.)

Species group of cliloromerus

Description. — Mandible with three teeth: stigma petiolate: scutellum
without concentric costulae; M and PM normal: metepisternal callus rough;
parastigma normal; shorter hind tibial spur present and not reduced: hind coxa
not elongate; posterior margin of gastral tergite 4 (sometimes deeply)
emarginate; propodeal foramen low except for intemiediate in anmdinis
(Walker); median or submedian carinae not traceable on propodeum; anterior
margin of hind coxa straight; ocelli normal; F1 not elongate. sometimes short,
approaching the condition of Lioterphus species; pedicellus normal; hind coxa
not carinate dorsally; frenal line not traceable; hind femur without tooth.

COMMENTS. — The question whether any direct descendancy from this group
ma\ be asserted for any of the preserved groups and subgenera remains largeh
open. A cladistic analysis attempted on the data presented in Table 2 could not
produce satisfactoiy results (most characters are parsimonially uninformative).

Another question. conceming the plesiomorphy of character States in
chlorotnents-spQCiQS. fmds more convincing answers in the e\ idences that the
'chloromerine' t> pe is fairly similar to that of Pseudototymiis Masi. which genus
is regarded as primiti\ e in Tor\moidini (see Grissell. 1995. p. 98 ff'.).

Some species groups and species solae of Graham's are here included
together with the 'core‘ chlorotnerits-stpQCiQS. Their moi*phological differences
ha\ e been found to substantiate no consistently different concepts of a rank
comparable to the preserved species groups. Reasons for each case are as
follows.

antndinis. — The presence of hairs posterad to cv on underside of fore wing
correlates well with ample overall pilosit} of wing disc. Whatever its weighing,
Phegeu2,\ (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 112

it is not this that may support arundinis as a species sola. This species has fairly
elongate hind coxa with weak sculpture, a state of propodeal foramen
intermediate between normal and high, and hind tibial spurs (both) shorter than
in the majority of chloromerus-'&^QCXQS. It has also a peculiar host; all
morphological differences of arundinis appear to be small homoplasies, and
therefore this species should better be placed in chloroinerus-gïou'p.

flavipes. — Two species, flavipes (Walker) and longicalcar Graham, have
singularly long hind tibial spur. Apart trom this, these species do not share any
other character with each other; moreover, they appear quite dissimilar
{longicalcar might be grouped with steniis Graham with as much confidence),
which suggests an independent development of the long spurs and that these two
species are probably paraphyletic.

nobilis. — Graham's group includes three species, nobilis Boheman, roboris
(Walker), and erucarwn (Schrank), all sharing the same hosts. The first two have
pronounced deep violet tinge on body parts, which is the only remarkable
difference they have among 'chloromerine’ species. So long as coloration itself
is a ver>' unreliable character, this group of Graham's merges with cliloromerus-
group “by defaulf*.

pulchellus. — There are many species in chloromeriis-gxowxi which more or
less Liniformly depart from the chloromerine morphological type in connection
with their parasitizing hosts on Salix. Some (not all) of the most derived species
are: (a) lampros Graham, pulchellus Thomson; (b) curticauda Graham &
Gijswijt; (c) giraudianus (Hoffmeyer); {d) impar Rondani, narvikensis Graham
& Gijswijt. All these have perceptible differences, between themselves as well
as from the rest of chloroinerus-spQCiQS, but these differences scarcely yield
objective characters. As Graham's microcerus-gvoup is not more distinguished
than giraudianus and allied species, their placement in chloroinerus-gxoup seems
to be a quite satisfactory decision.

cingulatus. — The isolated position of this group is grounded largely on the
character of pilosity of hind coxa, which in these species is bare. The instability
of that character in several species {e.g., phillyreae Ruschka) and within higher
groups (as in igniceps Mayr and laetus (Walker), which have hind coxa.
respectively, pilose and bare) suggests that it cannot be safely used at a higher
than specific level.

COMPOSn ION. — aceris Boucek, amurensis (Walker), anastativorus
Fahringer, angelicae (Walker), anihobiae Ruschka, arcadius Graham &
Gijswijt, arcella Graham & Gijswijt, argei Boucek, arfeinisiae Ruschka,
arundinis (Walker), auralus (Müller). basalis (Walker), bedeguaris (L.), boops
Graham, borealis Thomson, bouceki Graham & Gijsw ijt, brachyurus Boheman.
breviscapus Graham & Gijswijt, caledonicus Graham & Gijsv\ijt, canariensis
Hedqvist. capitonis Graham & Gijswijt, caudatulus Graham & Gijswijt.
caudalus I^oheman. cenfor Graham & Gijswijt, chlorocopes Ikdieman.
chloronierus (Walker), cingulatus Nees, confinis (Walker), cor}ii Ma\r.
crassiceps Ciraham & Gijswijt, crelaceus Graham & Gijswijt, cultratus (iraham
& Gijswijt. cultriventris Ratzeburg. cupratus Boheman. curticauda Graham &

rhcgcüM (."Od.lX.ZOO^): Ws

Gijsvvijt, curtisi Graham & Gijswijt. ciirvatuliis Graham & Gijswijt, cyprianus
Graham & Gijswijt, eadyi Graham & Gijswijt. eg/anferiae Mayr. epilohii
Graham & Gijswijt, erucaruni (Schrank), favarc/i Sicffan, fUipemhilae Graham
& Gijswijt. flaripes (Walker), flavovariegatus Gijswijt, formosus (Walker),
fractiosus Graham & Gijswijt. frater Thomson, fuscipes Boheman.
galeobdokmis Graham & Gijswijt, galii Boheman, genisticola Ruschka, geranii
(Walker), girauciianus (Hoffmeyer), gloriosiis Graham & Gijswijt. halimi
Graham & Gijswijt, fielveticus Graham & Gijswijt, heterohiae Graham &
Gijswijt. heyeri Wachtl, hornigi Ruschka, hylesini Graham, impar Rondani.
janet iellae Graham & Gijswijt. jimiperi (L.). lainpros Graham, lapsanae
(Hoffmeyer), laricis Boucek, lathyri Graham & Gijswijt. lini Mayr, longica/car
Graham, liiridus Zavada, lythri Boucek, microcerus (Walker), microstigma
(Walker), micrurus Boucek, niillefoUi Ruschka, monticola Graham & Gijswijt.
narvikensis Graham, nigritarsus (Walker), nohilis Boheman, novitzkyi Graham,
orohi Mayr. paludum Graham & Gijswijt, partitus Graham & Gijswijt.
pasciioruin Boucek, pastinacae Graham & Gijswijt. persicariae Mayr.
phdlyreae Ruschka, poae (Hoffmeyer), prohlematiciis Graham & Gijswijt,
pulchellus Thomson, purpureae Graham & Gijswijt, piitoniellae Graham &
Gijswijt, pygmaeiis Mayr, cptadriceps Graham & Gijswijt, cptercinus Boheman.
ramicola Ruschka. rhainni Boucek. rohoris (Walker), rosariae Graham &
Gijswijt, riihi (Schrank), ruschkai (Hoffmeyer), salicis Graham, scandicus
Graham & Gijswijt, schizothecae Ruschka. scutellaris (Walker), seniinum
(Hoffmeyer), silenus Zavada. socius Mayr, spaici Boucek. spherocephalus
Graham & Gijswijt, spilopterus Boheman, stenus Graham. tanaceticola
Ruschka. thymi Ruschka. tipulariariim Zetterstedt, nlinariae Ruschka. valerii
Graham & Gijswijt, verhasci Ruschka, veronicae Ruschka. wachtliellae Graham
& Gijswijt.

The following Mongolian species most probably belong to this group:
cuprigaster Szelényi, subigneus Szelényi.

Matfrials Examined. — T. aceris Boucek: 1$, FRANCE - 13. Jouques. 14. v. 1996 (Gijswijt)
(ZMAN).

T. arcella Graham & Gijswijt: 1$, UKRAINE, Danube delta. Isl. Stambulsky. 7.vii.l997 (Kotenko)
(SIZK); 5$, UKRAINE, Chemomorsky res., Ivano-Rybalchansky area. wormwood. 26.iv.l997
(Zerova) (SIZK); 3$, same data (ZMAN).

T. artemisiae Ruschka: 2$, TURKMENISTAN, Annau. galis on wormwood. em. 21. iv. 1980
(Zerova); 1$, 4(5', RUSSIA. Astrakhan obl., Elton, galis on wormwood. em. 6.viii.l979 (Zerova);
8$. UKRAINE. Kiev obl., Obukhov distr.. v. Stepki, galis on Artemisia sp.. coll. 5.V.I979
(PIjushch); 5$. 3(5'. UKRAINE Crimea. Karadag, galis on Artemisia sp. (Dolin); 3$. 3(5.
UKRAINE, Chemomorsky res.. Ivano-Rybalchansky area, galis on wonnw'ood. 26.iv.l974 (Zerova)
(all in SIZK).

T. aruudinis (Walker): tens of specimens from Ukraine and Moldavia (SIZK); 1$. I T.
NETHERLANDS, Ankeveen. Bergse Pad (Z) 23.V.I971 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 1$. Kyrkslatt. Reuter.
1931. (Hoffmeyer) (destroyed in shipping from ZMUC).

T. auratus (Müller): 249 specimens (119$, 130(5') fi'om many parts of Ukraine and from Georgia
(SIZK).

T. basalis (W'alker): 1$. FRANCE - 84, Mt. Ventoux (Combe Brune). 30.viii.l996 (Gijswijt)
(ZMAN).

PhegeuM (3)(1.IX.2003): 114

T. hedegitaris (L.): More than 200 specimens trom Ukraine, Eiiropean USSR, Central Asia,
Caucasiis, and Russian Far East (SIZK).

T. caiiariemis Hedqvist: 1279- UKRAINE Crimea, Karabi Yaila, clearing in beech forest, 4.vi.l961
(Ermolenko) (SIZK); 39- same data (ZMAN); I 9- UKRAINE Crimea, reserve, 6.vi.l976 (Kotenko)
(SIZK); 19- ARMENIA, Megrinsky distr., v. Lichk, oak forest in mountains, 1,800-1,900 m,

23. vi.l981 (Kotenko); I 9- SPAIN, prov. Almeria, Carboneras, ex galis Ptoelidaspidis laxaresianu,
IO.v.1994 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 1(5', same place, host unspecified, 2 1 .iv. 1990 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

T. caudatiis Boheman: 1(5', RUSSI A, Perm obl., v. Nizhny Liikh, coll. I2.xi.l966, em. I5.xii.66-
15.i.67 (NN) (SIZK); 29, LATVIA, Dundarsky leskhoz. 15.vii.l966 (Saxon) (SIZK); 49. 2(5'.
GEORGIA. Mestia (Upper Svanetia), on Picea orientalis ex Kalleuhachiola strobL vii.1981
(Tvaradze) (SIZK); 29- 1(5'- same data (ZMAN).

T. chloromerns (Walker): large series from various parts of Ukraine (SIZK); 19- FRANCE. Dróme,
Saillans. 2.ix.l987 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 1(5- SWITZERLAND, Kiental, galis on PJiytewna, viii.1983
(van der Assem) (ZMAN).

T. cingiilalus Nees: 19- NETHERLANDS. Ankeveen, Bergse Pad (Z), 23. v. 1971 (Gijswijt)
(ZMAN); Ic5'- NETHERLANDS, 's Graveland. 23.V.I965 (Gijsvvijt) (ZMAN).

T. confmis (Walker): 119- 6(5', UKRAINE. Carpathian Biosphere res.. Ugolsko-Shirokoluzhansky
area. beech forest, coll. 31.vii.l999, em. 1 5-1 7.viii.99 ex galis on Unica dioica (Zavada) (SIZK);
49- same data (ZMAN); 29- LITHUANIA. Vilnius, galis on nettles, coll. Il.x.1979 (Zerova)
(SIZK).

T. cullratus Graham & Gijswijt: 1 9- UKRAINE, Chernomorsky res.. Ivano-Rybalchansky area,

18. vii.2000 (Zavada) (SIZK); 19- UKRAINE] Chernomorsky Res., coast, reed stand, 24.iv.l974
(Zerova) (SIZK); 1 9- UKRAINE, Chernomorsky res.. Volyzhin Les area. SW coast of Kinburnskaya
Kosa 7.VÜ.2000 (Zavada) (ZMAN).

T. culfriventris Ratzeburg: I 9- UKRAINE, nr Lvov. Pogulianka. ex galis Mikiola fagi, coll. vi.1952
(Zerova) (SIZK); I 9- UKRAINE, Rovno obl., Ostrozh distr.. 6 km N Shepetovka, Grabovy Bud.

24. vi.l999 (Kotenko) (ZMAN); 19. \S- NETHERLANDS, 's Graveland, galis Mikiola fagi
28.iii.l994 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

T. cwticaiida Graham & Gijswijt: I9- UKRAINE. Zakarpatskaya obl., vic. Rakhov. roadside
willows along Tisa. 2l.vii.l999 (Zavada) (SIZK); 19- same data (ZMAN); I9- UKRAINE.
Zakarpatskaya obl., Caipathian Biosphere res., Chernogorsky area. 26.vii.l999 (SIZK).

T. eadyi Graham & Gijswijt: 3 9- 6(5'. UKRAINE. Kiev. Teremki, raspberry, 20.iv.l982 (Kotenko)
(SIZK); 39- same data (ZMAN): 49- 2(5'. UKRAINE. Zakarpatskaya obl., Perechin, galis on
raspberry. 13.iii.l977 (Diakonchuk) {?>\ZK).

T. enicarum (Schrank): 1 9- UKRAINE. Transcarpathians. Carpathian res., vic. Rakhov. along Tisa.
sweeping in willows. 17.vii.l995 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 269- 21(5'- Transcarpathians. Beregovo distr..
Rafailovo. on roots of 1 to 3-yr oak trees. Andricus iesiaceipes, em. 25.iii.l975 (Boganich) (SIZK);
I 7'. Transcarpathians. Vari. ex cynipid galis on roots of oaks. em. I7.vii.l976 (Boganich) (SIZK);

19. UKRAINE. Kiev, Puscha Voditsa.^29.vi.2000 (Maximovich) (ZMAN); 1 PORTUGAL. A.
Alentejo. PoUalegre. 700 m So S. Mamede. 22. v. 1990 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

T. favardi Steffan: 1 . , FRANC'E. (iard. Crespion. 28.viii.l986 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

T. filipendiilac Graham & Gijswijt: I . UKRAINE. Kanev. Mariina Gora. 12.vi.l999 ((iumovskv)
(ZMAN).

T. fJavipes (Walker): I kmdred-odd specimens from Ukraine and Azerbaijan (SIZK); I . FRANCE -
84. Mt. VentoLix S slope, 1.200 m. I.ix.1990 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN); I , NIH I IFIREANDS. Ankeveen
4.vi.l966 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

flavovaricgalii.s (jijswijt: 1 . . SPAIN. prov. Soria ((ïijswijt) (ZMAN).

7'. formosus (Walker): I . UKRAINFi, Fipetsk obl.. Zadonsk distr.. (ialichia Gora res.. 28.viii.2000
(Fursov)(ZMAN); I . UKRAINi;. Rakhov. 1 5.vii. 1 995 (Sinuitnik) (ZMAN).

Phcgi’üM (3)(1.1X.2()03): 115

7’. fractiosiis Graham & Gijswijt: I y paratype, FRANCB, Vaucluse, Col de Perrache, em. 22.vi.l982
ex leaf-esge gall on Rosa ruhi^inosa (de V. Graham) (ZMAN).

T. }ia/ii Boheman; l y. NETHERLANDS, A. W. duinen, ex galis Geocrypla gulii, 1-10. vii. 1963
(Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 1$, UKRAINE, Lvov obl., Yavorov distr., Rostochie res., Zalivki, flooded
meadows, forest, 2 1 .vii. 1 996 (Gumovsky) (ZMAN).

T. geranii (Walker); Large series from Ukraine, European and Far East Russia. and Japan (SIZK);
1$, JAPAN, Ibaraki pref., Tsukuba, Sakuragaoka, em. 3. v. 1997 ex galis on Querqus spp.
(Funsov) (ZMAN); 1$, RUSSIA Far East, Isl. Sakhalin, Gornozavodsk, 18. vi. 1971 (Ermolenko)
(ZMAN); ly, NETFIERLANDS, Tongeren GId. 8.vii.l992 (van Aartsen) (ZMAN); 1(5',
NETHERLANDS, Haamstede, galis Biorh. pallicia, 25.vi.l984 (Indenbosch) (ZMAN).

7'. giraudianus (Hoffmeyer): 2$, UKRAINE Crimea, Yalta, coll. ix.1986, em. ix.86 (Vasilieva)
(ZMAN).

T. heveri Wachtl: 1 9, UKRAINE, Carpathian res., Maramorosh, Kvasny, road to v. Ivan, young flrs,
2Ü.vi'i.l995 (Siimitnik) (SIZK); 1 9, same data (ZMAN); 29, 3(5, UKRAINE. Kharkov obl..
Krasnokutsk, dendropark, firs, 15.vi.l992 (Kotenko) (SIZK); 1 9, FRANCE Dépt. Dröme, Col de
Soubeyrand, 29.vii.l978 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 19, SPAIN. prov. Madrid, Manzanares. El Real, on
Jiinip. oxyc., 15.vi. 1990 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN).

T. inipar Rondani: I 9^ UKRAINE, Zakarpatskaya obl., nr v. Hetyna. 20-30.vii.1999, ex cecidomyiid
gall on Salix sp.. em. i.2000 (Zavada) (SIZK); 2(5', same data (SIZK); 1 9, UKRAINE, Khersonskaya
obl., nr. V. Vinogradnoye, 5.vii.2000 (Zavada) (SIZK); 1 9, same data (ZMAN); 1 9, ibid.,
1 5. vii. 2000 (Zavada) (SIZK) [holotype (First) and paratypes of T. drewseni Zavada]; 99, 7(5,
TURKMENISTAN, Kopet-Dag. v. Nokhur, ex galis of Asphondylia sp. on Astragalus, coll.
I8.V.1975, reared ix.1976 (Diakonchuk) (SIZK); l9, same data (ZMAN); 39. GEORGIA, Tbilisi,
bot. garden of Acad. Sci. of Georgian SSR, ex galis Aslragalus caiicasicus, coll. 5. v. 1978
(Khodjevanishvili); I 9> NETHERLANDS, Otterio (Gld.) 30.ix.l983 (van Aaitsen) (ZMAN).

T. janetieUae Graham & Gijswijt: ?I9- UKRAINE, Chernomorsky Biosphere res., Solenoozerny
area, middle outpost. sweeping in steppe, 25.V.199I (NN) (ZMAN).

T. jimiperi (L.): 1 9. SPAIN, prov. Soria, 10 km S. Abejar, on Jimip. commimis. 22.vi.l994 (Gijswijt)
(ZMAN); 1(5, SPAIN, prov. Madrid, Manzanares, El Real, on Jimip. oxyc., 15.vi.l990 (Gijswijt)
(ZMAN).

T. lampros Graham: I9. UKRAINE, Lvov obl. Yavorov distr., Rostochie res.. vic. v. Ivano-
Frankovo, 17.vii.1996 (Gumovsky) (SIZK); 1 9. ibid., 23.vii.l996 (Gumovsky) (ZMAN); I9.
UKRAINE, Odessa obl.. Liabashev distr., v. Osychki. 14.vi.l995 (NN) (SIZK).

T. Uni Mayr'’: A series labelled thus, UKRAINE, Khomutovskaya Steppe res.. Donetsk obl.. Liimm
austnacwih coll. 20.iv.l974, em. v.74 (Gershenson) is in SIZK; of which 39 are ZMAN.

T. kmgicalcar Graham: Four specimens in SIZK and one in ZMAN. from a single series of minutien-
pinned specimens stayed on pith block with hand-written illegible label, reasonably in German and
indicating a year of 1 9 1 0.

T. luridus Zavada: Holotype 9^ East. GEORGIA, Khodjori, 2.ix.l974, em. 28.vii.l975 ex Quercus
(Khodjevanishvili) (ZMAN)'®.

T. microcerus (Walker): ?19, UKRAINE, Brovary, lake Rybnoe, ex galis Rhabdophaga saliciperda
on willow, 13.iv.l973 (Zerova) (ZMAN).

T microstigma (Walker): 39- MOLDAVIA, Kishinev. coll. 18.vi.l979, em. ex Mas. marsupialis
24. V (Talitsky) (ZMAN); a number of series of rearings from the same locality with varying dates
exist in SIZK.

T. micrurus Boucek: 29- 1(5^ UKRAINE, Odessa obl., Vilkovo/Zhebriyanskie Plavni, 15.v-
5.vi.l996 (Maximovich) (ZMAN); a few more females and males of that series are in SIZK.

Listed malerial is presumabl) this species, which is placed in Species Inquirendae h\ Graham & Gijswijt ( 1998).
Deposilor\ stated ineorreclly in Zavada (2001b).

Phegeu2,\ (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 116

T. miUefolii Ruschka: I UKRAINE. Chernomorsky res., Ivano-Rybalchansky area. 6.vii.2000
(Zavada) (ZMAN).

T. monlicola Graham & Gijswijt: UKRAINE, Carpathians, meadows over Tisa, 2.viii.l994

(Simutnik) (ZMAN).

T. narvikensis Graham: 5$, UKRAINE, Khinelnitsky obl., Gorodotsky distr., v. Zakupnoe,
27.viii.l997 (Gumovsky) (SIZK); 1 $, same data (ZMAN).

T. nobilis Boheman: 1$, HUNGARY, Dravapalkonya, 4.X.I973 (Heller) (SIZK); 1$, GERMANY,
Markgröningen, MSG Hannelrai, l.vi.1981 (Bretzendorfer) (SIZK); 1$, MOLDAVIA, v. Karneshty,
26.vi.l966 (Zerova) (SIZK); 1$, MOLDAVIA, Kotovskoe, 29.vi.l960 (Talitsky) (SIZK); 1$,
UKRAINE, Carpathian res., 16.viii.l994 (Simutnik) (SIZK); 1$, UKRAINE, Kiev, Puscha Voditsa,
29. vi. 2000 (Maximovich) (ZMAN).

T. partitiis Graham & Gijswijt: 1$ paratype, NETHERLANDS, Langbroek, uit depot 139 Rhuhd.
salicis, coll. 29.ii.l968, em. 24.i.l969 on Salix 'Icaprea (Nijveldt) (NNML).

T. pascitonim Boucek: 1$, UKRAINE, Carpathians, highiand plains, l.viii.1994 (Simutnik) (SIZK);
4$, UKRAINE, Donetsk obl., Novoazovsk, 12.vi.2000 (Fursov) (SIZK); I ?, UKRAINE, Lvov obl.,
Yavorov distr., Rostochie res., vic. v. Ivano-Frankovo, 17.vii.l996 (Gumovsky) (ZMAN).

T. phillyreae Ruschka: 2$, UKRAINE, Khmelnitsky obl., Neteshin, rt. bank riv. G017I, 29.vii.l999
(Kotenico) (SIZK); 1 Q, ITALY, Portici-(Napoli), Park Agric. Inst., lO.iv.1991 (Fursov) (ZMAN);
1 $, UKRAINE Crimea, Karadag res., 14.vii.2001 (Zavada)^(ZMAN).

T. poae (Hoffmeyer): 1$, UKRAINE, Donetsk obl., Slaviansk distr., v. Bogorodichnoe, forest,
16.vii.1982 (Kotenko) (SIZK).

T. piilchellus Thomson: I 9- UKRAINE, Zakarpatskaya obl., Tiachev distr., Bushtino, pastureland on
Tisa, 17. vii. 1999 (Zavada) (SIZK).

T. putoniellae Graham & Gijswijt: 1 9. MOLDAVIA, Kishinev, coll. 3.vii.l973, ex Mas. uuirsiipialis
em. 24.V (Talitsky) (ZMAN).

T. cpiadriceps Graham & Gijswijt: 1 9 paratype. FRANCE, Dépt. Dróme, Saou, natte wei.
29.viii.l981 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 19, HUNGARY -West, Apatistvanfalvi. 30.vi.l994 (Fursov)
(SIZK); I 9, UKRAINE. Carpathians, highiand plains, l.viii.1994 (Simutnik) (SIZK).

T. ramicola Ruschka: 1 9. UKRAINE, Chernomorsky res.. Ivano-Rybalchansky area. 19. vii. 2000
(Zavada) (ZMAN).

T. rhamni Boucek: 2'y. UKRAINE. Donetsk obl.. Khomutovskaya Steppe res, ex fruits Frangula,
coll. 24. vi. 1977. em. I3.iii.l978 (Diakonchuk) (SIZK): 1 9. same data (ZMAN).

T rohoris (Walker): 1 9. MOLDAVIA. Karneshty, 30.vi.l961 (Boucek. Talitski) (SIZK); 1
UKRAINE. Kharkov obl.. 2 km down riv. Oskol, rt. bank. riv. Sev. Donets, forest. 12. vii. 1982
{Kotenko): 1 9. UKRAINE, Donetsk obl.. Slaviansk distr., v. Bogorodichnoe, forest. 16.vii.l982
(Kotenko) (ZMAN).

7'. rosariae Graham & Gijswijt: 2 paratypes. CJflRMANY. iTibeck ( Waakenitz Uier). Rhahdopha^a
rosaria & heleroh.. i-ivJ98l (Meyer) (NNME); 18 . 157'. AZERBAI.IAN. Shemakhinsky distr..
Pirkuli. ex Ceciloniia rosae on willow. 23. v. 1972 (Zerova) (SIZK); I . UKRAINE. Lvov obl..
Yavorov distr., Rostochie res.. Zalivki, flooded meadows. forest. 21. vii. 1996 (Gumovsky) (ZMAN).

/'. /7//?/ (Schrank): Abundant material from Ukraine including Crimea: l-Airopean and Ear Ea.st Russia;
Azerbaijan; Kirghizia: and the Caucasus.

T. nocMt// (I loffmeyer): Earge series from Russia (Ural). Georgia. Kazakhstan. and Ukraine.

7’. silcnus Zavada: holotype . 1 AD.IIKIS 1 AN. Anzob Pass (3.3()() m) 2.vii.2()()() ( Perepechaenko)
(ZMAN)".

" Dcposilorx stalcd in /a\a(.hi (2001 h» is incorrect.

/7/egcv/31 (3)(1.1X.2()03); 117

7'. sociiis Mayr: 24 . , UKRAINH, Kiev. 'I heophania, galis on wild carrot, 9.ix.l973 (Zerova) (SIZK);
2y. UKRAINH. Vinnitsa obl.. 'Irostianets distr.. Sobolevskoe fbrcst stat.. 2ü.vi.l966 (Zerova)
(SIZK); 1 UKRAINH. vic. Kiev. Vorzel. I8.ix.l977 (I)iakonchuk)(ZMAN).

7'. slemis Graham: I 9- UKRAINH. Carpathians. 29.vii.l994 (Siinutnik) (SIZK); 1 Z. UKRAINH.
Hvov obl.. Rostochie res.. sweeping in mixed forest. 2l.vii.l996 (Giimovsky) (SIZK); \
UKRAINi;, Kiev. Teremki. 18.V.1982 (Pshebelskaya) (SIZK); 69. UKRAINH. Kiev. Novoselki. oak
wood. 23.vi-4.ix. 1 984 (Kotenko) (SIZK); I 9- UKRAINH. Rovno obl.. v. Voloskovtsy. 21. vi. 1999
(Kotenko) (SIZK); 1 9- RUSSIA Har Hast. Isl. Kunashir, Tyatino, mixed forest. 7.ix.l978
(Hrmolenko) (SIZK); I 9- UKRAINH. l.vov obl.. Rostochie res.. vic. v. Ivano-Frankovo; adm. bldg..
23.vii.l996 (Gumovsky) (ZMAN); I9. UKRAINH. Babyn Yar vicinity. swept from vegetation
consisted |sic| mainly of Lotus & Trifoliuw spp., 7.vi.l996 (Gumovsky) (ZMAN).

7’. lanacelicola Ruschka: \<S. UKRAINH. Kherson obl.. Chernomorsky res.. Ivano-Rybalchansky
area. ex galis on llowers on Tauacetimi sp.. coll. 21. vü. em. 6.viii.2000 (Zavada) (SIZK); 1 . I
same data (ZMAN).

T. verhasci Ruschka: 1 9- 2(5. UKRAINH. Donetsk obl.. Krasnolimansky distr.. v. Krivaya Huka.
19.vii.l984 (Fursov) (SIZK); 59. UKRAINH. Cherkassy obl.. Kanev. scythian settlement.
I l.vii.1982 (Zerova) (SIZK); 79- 5c5, ibid.. Verhusciim phlomoides, coll. 29.vii.l982. em. l.viii.82
(Zerova) (SIZK); 29- UKRAINH. Kiev. Hysa Hora. ex Verhuscum ihapsifonuc (syncarps). em.
23. i. 1991 (Korneyev) (SIZK); 29- 2(5. ibid.. coll. 31.iii.l982. galis Verhuscum sp. (Berest) (SIZK);
29. 1(5, UKRAINH, Kiev, Theophania. mullein. coll. 2.V.1974 (Zerova) (SIZK); 39. 6(5.
MOHDAVIA. Pridneprovie. Rybnitsa, coll. 6-1 0.ix. 1997, ex cecidomyiid galis on Verhuscum.
IO.ix.1997 (Gumovsky) (SIZK); 19, same data (ZMAN); 39. 3(5. AZHRBAIJAN. v. Baskal.
1 .500 m. ex galis AsphonJvHu verhusci on mullein. coll. I .vii.l 973. BbiB. 8.VÜ.73 (Zerova) (SIZK).

T. wuchlliellue Graham & Gijswijt: I9 paratype, FRANCH, Dépt Gard.. Crespion. 22.vi.l982
(Gijswijt) (ZMAN); I9 paratype. FRANCH, Vaucliise. I9.ix.l990 (Gijswijt) (ZMAN); 39.
UKRAINH. Hipetsk obl.. Galichia Gora res., Morosova Gora. in folded leaves of dog rosé.
28.vii.l980 (Fursov) (SIZK); 1 9. UKRAINH Crimea, Crimean res., nr outpost Aspoil. 2.vii.l976
(Kotenko) (SIZK); I 9. 1(5. RUSSIA Far Hast. Primorsky Krai. 7 km toward Khasan. Golubiny Crag,
28.viii.l986 (Kotenko) (SIZK).

One species of the ch/oromerus-group, T. drewseni Zavada. is here
synonymized with T. impar Rondani.

Torymus impar Rondani, 1877

Torymus impur Rondani, 1877: 201-202; Boucek. 1974: 252-254; Grissell. 1995: 282.

Cuilimome hukkeiuhufi HoiYmey er. 1933:246, 9^ Hellen, 1934: 188.

Torymus sp. near horeulis Thomson; Graham. 1969: 62.

Torymus drewseni Zavada, 2001a: 85. Syn. n.

According to Mr. Gijswijt (pers. comm.). dre\vseni is conspecific with T.
impar Rondani. As the holotype specimen of drewseni \\as reared from a
cecidomyiid gall on Salix, the synonymy is evident; its paraUpes. though. have
apparently a different host (they were collected in Kherson oblast. Southern
Ukraine. in a wormwood steppe localih' with only shrubs of Salix viminalis; no
galis coLild be seen on these in mid-July. when I collected two paraUpe
specimens). In SIZK stands a series of drewseni reared from Asphondylia sp.
(Diptera Cecidomyiidae) on Astragalus in Turkmenistan; these specimens are
somewhat smaller in size than the holotype, but so is the specimen of impar I
have received from Theo. As the 5th gastral tergite is more or less emarginate in
the specimens of all series and in both impar and drewseni. I agree with the

PhcgeaM (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 118

opinion of Mr. Gijswijt and confirm the synonymy, stating new host-plant
records for impar.

Cases like this are a regular source of nomenclatural disorder in Torymus,
and have been such long since.

Acknowledgements

This Work could not be carried out without the substantial help of
Mr. M. J. Gijswijt {Zoological Museum of Amsterdam, The Netherlands) who
provided me with a large portion of material. I also thank Drs. E. Grissell
(National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA), G. Delvare
(CIRAD, Montpellier, France) and, especially, A. Gumovsky (Schmalhausen
Institute of Zoology, Kiev, Ukraine) for their encouragement and advice.

References

Below is a list of some of the papers on the synonymy of the genus
Diomorus Walker with Toryinus Dalman, and recent reviews of Palaearctic and
Nearctic faunas of Toiymus. A comprehensive list of references on Palaearctic
Torymiis can be found in Graham & Gijswijt (1998); Grissell (1976, 1995)
contain similar for the Nearctic region.

Ashmead. W. H. A., 1904. Classification of the Chalcid flies. — Memoirs of the Camegie Museum 1:
iii-xi, 225-255.

Boucek, Z., 1974. On the Chalcidoidea (Hyinenoptera) described by C. Rondani. — Redia 55: 241-
285.

Boucek. Z., 1996. Two new Palaearctic species of Toryiuus (Torymidae, Hyinenoptera) froni Central
Europe and Kirghizia. — Folio Heyrovskyuna 4: 43-48.

Boucek. Z. & Graham. M. W. R. de Vere. 1978a. In: Fitton, M. G., et al., A Checklist of British
Insects. 2nd edition. Part 4. Hyinenoptera. — Handhook for die Ideiilifieadoii of Briiish Insecis.
11:70-72.

Boucek. Z. & Graham. M. W. R. de Vere, 1978b. British check-list of Chalcidoidea (Hyinenoptera):
4 axonomic notes and additions. — EiUomologisI 's Gazelle 29: 225-235.

Curtis, .1., 1835. British entomology. — Folio 552.

Dalman. J. W.. 1820. Försök till Uppstallning af Insect-familjen Pteromalini (Cynipsae Latr.). i
synnerhet med afseende pa de i Sverige funne Arter. — Kung/iga Sveiiska
Velenskupsakademiens flondlingar 4\: 123-174, 177-182. pl. vii.

Eady, R. D.. 1958. A revision of the nomenclature in the European Torymidae (Hym. Chalcidoidea)
with special reference to the Walker types. — Enlomologisl's monlhly Magazine 94: 257-271 .
Foerster, A.. 1 856. Hymenoplerologische Sludien 2. — Aachen. FTnst ter Meer. 1-152.

Gahan. A. B.. & Fagan. M. 1-.. 1923. Fhe type species of the genera of Chalcidoidea or chalcid iTies.

— Sniilhsonian Inslilulion. Uniled Slales Nalional llislory BuUelin 124: 1-1 73.

Graham. M. W'. R. de Vere. 1969. Some Foiymidae new to Britain. with notes on other British
species. — /*roeeedings oflhe Royal enlomological Soeiely of London (B) 38: 61-69.

Graham. M. W. R. de Vere. 1992. 'I'he genus Diomorus with a new key to the European species. —
Fnlomologisehe Beriehlen. Amslerdam 52: I I 1-1 13.

Graham, M. W. R. de Vere. 1994. New European species of /'on/;/ //.s Dalman (Hym.. Chalcidoidea).

— Enlomologisl's monlhly Magazine 130: 21-34.

Graham. M. W. R. de Vere. Gijswijt. M. J.. 1998. Revision of European species of Toiymus Dalman
(s. lat.) (1 lymenoptera: l oiy inidae). — Zoologisehe Verhandelingen }\1: 202.

Grissell, E. E., 1976. A revision of western Nearctic species of Torvmus Dalman ( I lymenoptera:
lorvmidae). — UniversiiyofC'ali/ornia Ruhiiealions in Enlomologv 79: 12 I pp.. 6 plales.

r/iegca^] (3)(I.I.X.2()03): 1 19

(irissell. K. E.. 1995. Toi^minae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Toiymidae) a redefinition. generic
classification. and amiotated vvorld catalog of species. — Menioirs on Entomolo^\ International
2: 470 pp.

Hellen. W.. 1934. Verzeichnis der Callimomiden (Hym. Chalc.) Finnlands nach Bestimmungen von
FL 1 loffmeyer. — Memoranda Societatis pro fauna et flora fennica 9: 1 84- 191.

lloffmeyer. E. B.. 1933. A new Callimome froni Denmark with conections and Field Notes to other
Callimoinidae (Hym. Chalc.). — Entomolo^iske Meddelelser 18: 246-249.

Eatreille. P. A.. 1818. Nouveau dictionnaire d'Histoire naturelle. 2nd ed. — Paris. Deterville.

Rondani. C.. 1877. Vesparia Parassita non vel minus cognita. — Bollettino della Societa
entoniologica italiana 9; 1 66-2 13.

Schmiedeknecht. O.. 1914. Foryminae. In Die Insekten Mitteleuropas inshesondere Deutschlands.
Band II. Schröder, ed.: 205-212.

Spinola. M.. 1811. Essai d'une nouvelle classification générale de Diplolépaires. — Annales du
Musée d'Histoire naturelle de Paris 17: 138-152.

Stephens. .1. F.. 1829. A systematic catalogue of British insects /. Hymenoptera. — i-xxxiv. 1-388.
London. Balduin.

Szelényi. G.. 1972. On the Torymid-fauna of Mongolia (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). — Aeta
Zoo logica Ac ad. Sci. Hung. 19: 181-203.

Thomson. C. G- 1876. Hymenoptera Scandinaviae IV. 1-192. Lundiae.

Zavada. A.. 2001a. Neu Palearctic Species of Torymus (Hymenoptera. Torymidae). —
Entomologiceski Prohlemy 32( I ): 85-90.

Zavada. A., 2001b. New species of Torymus (Hymenoptera; Totxmidae) from Central Asia and
Caucasus. — Pliegea 29(3): 99-107.

Zerova. M. & Seiyogina. L., 1991. OÓ3op bujob po;ia Diomorus (Hymenoptera. Tor\midae) (})ayHbi
CCCP c onncaunevi hobofo BUiia h3 Ka3axcTana. — Vestnik Zoologii 3: 3-8.

Zerova. M,. Seiyogina. L. & Zavada. A.. 2000. O cncTeMaxiiHecKOM no.io>KeHUM Diomorus
kononovae Zerova & Seryogina (Hymenoptera. Toiymidae). — Vestnik Zoologii 4; 40-54.

Inhoud;

De Prins. W.: Four new species for the Belgian fauna (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae.

C oleophoridae. Pterophoridae ) 87

Janssens. K.: Aanvullende gege\ens betreffende de families Melittidae en

Megachilidae in België (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) 81

Zavada. A.: Defmition of subgenera and a reassessment of species groups of
Torymus Dalman (H\ menoptera: Tor\ midae). based on Palaearctic material ..
^ ' ' 91

verantw. uitg.; W. De Prins. Nieuwe Donk 50. B-2100 Antwerpen (Belgium) - Tel; -32-3-322.02.35

PhegeuiX (3) ( 1 .IX.2003): 120

VLAAMSE VERENIGING VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE

Afgiftekantoor 2 1 70 Merksem 1 ISSN 077 1 -5277

Periode: oktober - november - december 2003 Erkenningsnr. P209674
Redactie: Dr. J-P. Borie (Compiègne, France), Dr. L. De Bruyn (Antwerpen), T. C. Garrevoet
(Antwerpen), B. Goater (Chandlers Ford, England), Dr. K. Maes (Amsterdam), Dr. K. Mailens
(Brussel), H. van Oorschot (Amsterdam), D. van der Poorten (Antwerpen), W. O. De Prins
(Antwerpen).

Redactie-adres: W. O. De Prins, Nieuwe Donk 50. B-2100 Antwerpen (Belgium).
e-mail: willy.deprins@antwerpen.be.

Jaargang 3 1 , nummer 4 1 december 2003

A final note on the taxon Aricia (Ultraaricia) orpheus
and its relationship to Plebejus {Aricia) anteros
(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Zdravko Kolev --s^s/ARü

iVERSiTY

Summary. It is contlrmed, based on research in the type locality of the taxon Aricia
{Ultraariciü) orpheus Nekrutenko, 1980 and in further seven Bulgarian populations of Plehejiis
{Aricia) anteros (Freyer, [1838]), that Aricia {Ultraaricia) orpheus Nekrutenko. 1980 is an
infrasubspecific taxon and a junior subjective synonyin of Lycaeua anteros anteros Freyer.
[1838]. Several previously unnoticed factual errors in Nekrutenko's paper are also discussed. and
the distri bution of P. {A. ) anteros in Bulgaria is summed up.

PejM).\ie. Hacjie/iBaHHJiTa ua Maxepuan ot throboto Haxo/tnme na Aricia {Ultraaricia)
orpheits Nekrutenko, 1980 n ot jtpyni cetteM otJirapcKu nonyaaumi ua Plehejus (Aricia)
anteros (Freyer. [1838]) noTBi.p>KAaBaT, ne Aricia {Ultraaricia) orpheiis Nekrutenko. 1980 e
UH(J)paiio.aBnaoB tukcoh n MnaüuJH cyoeKTUBeu cuhohum na Lycaena anteros anteros Freyer.
[1838]. JfncKyinpaT ce hhkou (])aKTonorHnecKn rpeujKn b paooraTa na HeKpyienKO ii ce
oooöiuaBa paBnpocTpanenneTO na P. (A.)unteros b Btaraptia.

Samenvatting. Een slotbemerking over het taxon Aricia {Ultraaricia) orplieiis en diens
relatie met Plehejus (Aricia) anteros (Eepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Door onderzoek van de type-lokaliteit van het taxon Aricia (Ultraaricia) orpheus Nekrutenko.
1980 en van zeven andere Bulgaarse populaties van Plehejus (Aricia) anteros (1'reyer. (1838|)
kon aangetoond worden dat Aricia (Ultraaricia) orpheus Nekrutenko een infrasubspecinek
taxon is en een Jonger subjectief synoniem van Lycaena anteros anteros Freyer. [1838].
Verschillende vroeger niet opgemerkte feitelijke fouten in het artikel van Nekrutenko worden
aangeduid, en de verspreiding van P. (A.) anteros in Bulgarije wordt besproken.

Resumé. Une note fuiale sur Ie taxon Aricia (Ultraaricia) orpheus et sa relation avec
Plehejus (Aricia) anteros ( l.epidoptera; Eycaenidae)

[iasc sur une étude de la localitc t\pe du taxon Aricia (Ultraaricia) orpheus Nekrutenko. 1980 et
de sept autres localités bulgares de Plehejus (Aricia) anteros (Freyer. 1 1838|). il est possible de
confirmer que Aricia (Ultraaricia) orpheus Nekrutenko est un taxon infiusubspéciUque et un
synonyme subjectif plus réeent de Lycaena anteros anteros I reyer. |I838|. 1’lusieurs erreurs.

/V;c’gt\/.31 (4)(l.Xil.2()()3): 161

aiiparavant non remarqiiées, dans 1'article de Nekmtenko. sont discutées et la distribution de P.

(A. ) anteros en liiilgarie est établie.

Key words: Lepidoptera - Lycaenidae - Plehejus - Aricia - anteros- orpheus - taxonomy -

synonymy - distribution - Bulgaria - Balkan Peninsula.

Kolev, Z.: Department of Ecology and Systeinatics, P.0. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), K1N-()Ü014

IJniversity of I lelsinki, Finland. E-mail: Zdravko.kolev@helsinki.fi.

In a revision of the taxa belonging to Ultraaricia Beuret (Nekrutenko 1980)
the taxon "Aricia {Ultraaricia) orpheus sp. nov." was described from Bulgaria. It
was said to differ by the similar Plehejus anteros (Freyer. [1838]) by a larger
size, the constant presence of a black spot in the discal cell on the underside of
the forewing (which Nekrutenko claimed to be absent in anteros). and by
features of the male genitalia. However, soon afterwards studies of Turkish
(Ko^ak 1983: 30) and Greek (Coutsis 1983: 200) material demonstrated
conclusively that in fact the specimens described by Nekrutenko represent
nothing more than an individual form frequently occurring within populations of
typical anteros (see also Hesselbarth et al. 1995: 641-642). Coutsis (1983) and
Hesselbarth et al. (1995) specifically stressed that genital differences such as had
been supposedly discovered by Nekrutenko were in fact non-existent in this
individual form.

Thus "Aricia {Ultraaricia) orpheus" turned out to be a particularly short-
lived taxon which should have certainly deserved no further discussion were it
not for a recent checklist of Balkan butterflies, in which "Ultraaricia orpheus"
was listed as a bona species together with "Ultraaricia anteros" (Jaksic 1998:
12). Lest further confusion be generated by this publication. it appears necessary
to once again dweil upon the subject of morphological variabilitx' of anteros
with the addition of previously unpublished infonuation from Bulgaria,
including the type locality of orpheus.

The present author's research on the morphological variabiliU' of Plebejus
anteros in eight separate Bulgarian localities fully confirms the conclusions of
Ko^ak (1983), Coutsis (1983) and Hesselbarth et al. (1995). Of particular
relevance is my research in the type locality of orpheus. Mt. Alibotush. There,
on 3. VII. 1994, 1 found anteros to be very abundant in the upper reaches of
Hambar Dere gorge, at 1400-1600 m. The type series of "Aricia {Ultraaricia)
orpheus" consists of a male holotype and seven parat) pes (3cJ, 4$) with data
given by Nekrutenko as "Mts. Alibotusch 1600 m, 21. VII. 1929. Al. K.
Drenowski leg."; in addition there is a pair (cJ, $) from "Mts. Pirin, 1000 m,

1 1. VI. 1929, Al. K. Drenowski leg.’* (Nekrutenko 1980: 63). Hambar Dere gorge
is situated in the eastern half of the mountain and it is in this part that Drenovsky
collected most extensively during his expeditions. In fact, as far as can be Judged
by Drenovsky 's own accounts (e.g. Drenowski 1930; 1931), most of material
from Alibotush collected in the altitude range 1200-1700 m originates precisely
from this gorge. Therefore Hambar Dere can be regarded with a ver\' high
degree of certainty as the site of origin of most of the t\ pe series of "Aricia
{Ultraaricia) orpheus". The two paratypes from "Pirin, 1000 m" probably

Phegeu2,\ (4) (l.XII.2003): 162

originated from the immediate vicinity of Alibotush, most likely the
surroundings of Paril or Gaitaninovo villages where Drenovsky by his own
accounts collected repeatedly (Drenowski 1931). Fig. 1 shows the known
distribution of P. anteros in Bulgaria and the location of Flambar Dere gorge.

Fig. 1. Known distribution of Plehejus (Aricia) anteros (Freyer, [1838]) in Bulgaria (black dots),
after Abadjiev (2001 ), and unpublished data (leg. et coll. Z. Kolev; leg. et coll. D. Staykov; leg. A.
Slivov, coll. ln.stitute of Zoology- Sofia). The black arrow in the lower left-hand corner indicates the
restricted type locality of Aricia {(Jltraaricia) orpheus Nekrutenko, 1980 (Mt. Alibotush: Hambar
Dere gorge, 1600 m).

The specimens of the population of anteros in Hambar Dere gorge are
completely identical with all other populations of anteros in the country studied
by myself This population does not, in its entirety, match the description of
orpheus. The size is greatly variable in both sexes, as typical for anteros, with
only ver>' few specimens being as large as the type specimens of orpheus which
have forewing lengths of 15.5 ± 0.5 mm (Nekrutenko 1980: 63). More
important, the expression of the discal spot on the underside of the forew ings is
also veiy variable in both sexes. In the said locality in Alibotush I managed to
find specimens in which both forewings had discal spots as well as specimens
completely lacking such. Most convincing is the fact that. along with these,
specimens were found in which such a spot was present on one of the wings
while being absent on the other (Fig. 2: 1 ). Such "transitional" specimens are to
be found in all populations o\' anteros studied by myself (Fig. 2: 3, 4, 7 & 8)'.

' It is intcrcsling lo iiolc ihal with respect to this eharacter anicros and its elosest relati\es sueh as e.g. the ta\on
aassipitnctits ('hristoph. IS‘y^ (ef. Ilesselbarth ct ui 1W5: .187) dilTer l'rom the other members ol subgenus Iriciu
which lack such discal spot.s.

r/ici^coM (4)(1.XII.2()03): 163

Hence it can be concluded that, as elsewhere in Bulgaria (pers. observ.).
Greece (Coutsis 1983) and Turkey (Ko^ak 1983), the supposedly species-
specific external characters as defined by Nekrutenko for cmteros and orpheus
are not only greatly variable but actually form a complete cline. The examination
of the type population thus confirms that Nekrutenko" s concept of "Aricia
{Ultraaricia) orpheus'' as a taxon distinct froin cmteros and constant in its
characters is fallacious.

Fig. 2. Undersides of Pleheius (Aricia) cmteros anteros (Freyer, [1838]) frotn Bulgaria. 1-7: ö'6'« 8:
all Z. Kolev leg. et coll. 1.- Mt. Alibotush, Flambar Dere gorge. 1600 m, 3. Vil. 1994; 2.- Rhodopi
Mts.. Lukovitsa river gorge, 300 m, 11. VI. 1994; 3.- idem, 22. VI. 1991; 4.- Stara Planina Mts.,
Karandi la nature park, 1000 m, 21 .Vil. 1999; 5-8: idem, 22. IX. 2002. Scale bar= 1 cm.

PhegeaM (4) (1 .XIl.2003): 164

At this point the central problem of the type series of orpheus must be
addressed, or, more precisely, the question of how such a uniform series of
specimens, so unlike a random sample of typical anteros from the same (or, for
that matter, any) locality, ever came into existence. Nekrutenko's version is as
follows: "It can just be supposed now that, getting into difficulties with
detemiination and trying to avoid publication of misidentification [Nekrutenko
believed - erroneously, as shall be shown below - that Drenovsky never
mentioned anteros from Alibotush in his publications], Drenovsky tumed for
advice to Sheljuzhko, vvho was a recognized authority in Palearctic Lepidoptera,
and sent him a round number (5 males and 5 females) of specimens. This way
the material found itself in the collection of the Kiev State University. For
unknown reasons it feil out of Sheljuzhko' s attention and until now remained
undescribed." (Nekrutenko 1980: 66).

My own interpretation of the facts is that the type series of ''Ultraaricia
orpheus" is no more than a biased sample, originally selected by Drenovsky for
the presence of discal spots on both wings. Drenovsky was a perceptive and
broad-minded expert on Bulgarian and Balkan Lepidoptera. His numerous
publications testify to his consistent attempts to assess the individual and
geographical variation of even trivial species against published descriptions and
illustrations. It is therefore in keeping with the facts to suppose that, upon cross-
checking his material of anteros from Alibotush and the neighbouring parts of
Pirin against the illustrations in Seitz’s famous catalogue (1907-1909), the
Standard reference work at that time, Drenovsky must have found out that part of
his material differed from the illustrated specimen’s underside (Seitz 1909: Plate
80, c) in that they possessed forewing discal spots. These specimens he must
have separated from the rest, "typical" anteros and sent to Leo Sheljuzhko, a
foremost expert on Lycaenidae, for an opinion. Since Sheljuzhko apparently
never published on these specimens (cf Nekrutenko 1980: 66) it is most likely
that he recognized them as only a part of a cline not worthy of a formal
designation. Whether he communicated this to Drenovsky or whether the latter
reached the same conclusion on his own (or, most likely, both), it is most
probable that Drenovsky himself did not attach any significance to the matter as
there is no mention of it in any of his publications.

Finally, there are some other factual errors in Nekrutenko* s paper that ha\ e
evaded notice so far and therefore must be commented upon. In the remarks
following the description of orpheus he writes (p. 65-66): "The specimens that
ser\ed as the type material were collected by Al. K. Drenowski, who was a
member of the Royal Natural Histor>' Institute [sic] (Sofia) expedition exploring
the Lepidoptera of the Alibotush mountain range in 1929-1930." In fact
Drenovsky. the pioneer of butterlly and insect studies on Alibotush. was never a
member of the expeditions to that region organized by the Ro> al Fntomological
Station at the Royal Museum (sic!) of Natural Histor\ - Sofia, fhe latter were
led by Krustyu Tuleshkov. who was Dreno\sky‘s rival when it came to the
exploration of Mt. Alibotush: therefore Drenovsky and Tuleshkov concentrated

rhc^rcuM (4)(1.XII.2003): 165

their simultaneous research on different (respectively the eastern and western)
parts of the massif

Nekrutenko continues (p. 66): "The most strange fact is that in the reports of
this expedition Drenowski (1930. 1931. 1932) and Tuleschkow (1929. 1931)
passed over in complete silence this quite unusual butterfly find [Ultraaricia
orpheiis] {anteros is also absent in their faunal lists)". In fact already in his first
paper on the butterflies of Alibotush Tuleshkov vvrote about "Lycaena anteros"-.
"[Common in all mountain meadows up to 1600 m]" (Tuleschkow 1929).
Similarly. Drenovsky wrote about anteros'. "[The most widespread [in
Alibotush] species of its genus ['Lycaena"], found in all forest glades at 1000-
1700 m]" (Drenowski 1933).

A fmal misrepresentation is found in Nekrutenko's statement (p. 65) that
"...the distributional picture of A. {V.) anteros in the Balkan Peninsula is not
clear, and there are only three reliable records for Bulgaria (Buresch &
Tuleschkow 1930: 164)...". In fact. the said work lists no less than 27 (!)
separate localities from all parts of Bulgaria and from an altitude range of 0-
1600 m; how Nekrutenko arrived at the conclusion that of these only three were
to be regarded as reliable, is beyond comprehension.

Acknow ledgements

I thank Mr. Dimitre Staykov (Varna) for his distributional records and Mr.
Alexander Slivov (Sofia) for the kind permission to examine the collection of the
Institute of Zoology - Sofia.

References

Buresch. 1. & Tuleschkow. K.. 1930. [Die horizontale Verbreitung der Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera)
in Bulgarien], II. — Mitt. königl nat. Inst. Sofia 3: 145-248 (in Bulgarian).

Coutsis, J. G., 1983. Notes on Ultraaricia anteros Freyer (Lep.; Lycaenidae) from Greece. —
Entomologist's Ree. J. Var. 95: 200-201.

Drenowski, A. K.. 1930. Verzeichnis der auf dem Alibotuschgebirge gesammelten Lepidopteren (In
N.0. Mazedonien). — Mitt. buig. ent. Ges. 5: 107-124 (in Bulgarian).

Drenowski, A. K.. 1931. Zweiter Verzeichnis der auf dem Alibotuschgebirge gesammelten
Lepidopteren (In bulgar. N.-O. Mazedonien). — Mitt. huig. ent. Ges. 5: 107-124 (in Bulgarian).

Drenowski, A. K., 1933. Ueher die Lepidopteren-Zonen auf dem Alibotuschgebirge (In bulgarisch
Mazedonien). — Hofdruckerei. Sofia. 51 pp. + 2 map sheets (in Bulgarian).

Hesselbarth, G., Oorschot. H. van. & Wagener, S.. 1995. Die Tagfalter der Türkei unter
Berücksichtigung der angrenzenden Lander. — Selbstverlag Sigbert Wagener. Bocholt. Band
1-2, 1354 pp.. Band 3. 847 pp.

Jaksic. P., 1998. Male genitalia of butterflies on Balkan Peninsula M'ith a check-list (Lepidoptera:
Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea). — Frantisek Slamka, Bratislava. 144 pp.

Ko^ak. A. O., 1983. Critical Check-List of European Papilionoidea (Lepidoptera). — Priamus 3: 1 1-
37.

Nekrutenko, Y. P., 1980. Revisional notes on lycaenid species assigned to Ultraaricia Beuret
(Lycaenidae). — Nota lepid. 3; 55-b8.

Seitz. A., 1907-1909. Die Grofischmetterlinge der Erde eine systematische Bearbeitung der bis jetzt
hekannten Grofischmetterlinge. I. Abteilung: Die Grofischmetterlinge des Palaearktischen
Faunengebietes. 1. Band: Die Palaearktischen Tagfalter. — Fritz Lehmann Verlag. Stuttgait,
379 pp., 89 coloLir plates.

Tuleschkow. K.. 1929. Beitrag zur Lepidopterenfauna des Alibotusch Gebirges in Mazedonien. —
Arb. buig. nat. Ges. 14: 151-165 (in Bulgarian).

Phegea2^\ (4) (1 .XII.2003): 166

The Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) of the Daghestan
Republic (Russia). II

Poltavsky Alexander Nikolaevitch & Ilyina Elena Vjatcheslavovna

Abstract. This is the second paper about the Noctuidae of Daghestan. The new list
comprises 224 species including 80 new species for this republic and 13 new localities. The new
data are the results of 2001-2002 catches; additional data were obtained from the Zoological
Institute collection (St.-Petersburg) and from literature references. The number of Noctuidae
species cuiTently known from Daghestan amounts now to 423.

Samenvatting. De Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) van de Republiek Daghestan (Rusland). 11
Deze tweede lijst van de Noctuidae van Daghestan bevat 224 soorten, waarvan 80 nieuwe
vermeldingen voor deze republiek en 13 nieuwe vindplaatsen. De nieuwe gegevens zijn
afkomstig van waarnemingen gedurende de Jaren 2001-2002, aangevuld met de gegevens in de
verzameling van het Zoölogisch Instituut te St.-Petersburg en met literatuurgegevens. Het aantal
soorten Noctuidae uit Daghestan bedraagt momenteel 423.

Résumé. Les Noctuelles (Lepidoptera) de la République du Daghestan (Russie). 11
Cette deuxième liste des Noctuidae du Daghestan comprend 224 espèces, dont 80 nouvelles
poLir cette république, ainsi que 13 nouvelles localités. Les données furent rassemblées lors des
observations sur Ie terrain durant les années 2001-2002, et complétées avec les exemplaires de la
collection de l'lnstitut zoologique de St.-Petersbourg et par des références bibliographiques. Le
nombre d'espèces de Noctuidae du Daghestan s'élève maintenant a 423.

Key words: Russia - Daghestan - Noctuidae - faunistics - catalogue

Poltavsky, Dr. A. N.; TERRA-Technology Ine., Rostov-on-Don, Russia. e-mail:
poltavsky54i®mail.ru.

Ilyina. Dr. E. V.: Daghestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Science.
Machatschkala. Russia, e-mail: carabus(@list.ru.

Material and methods

This is the first addition to the complete Noctuidae-list of Daghestan republic
of Russian Federation (Poltavsky & Ilyina 2002). After the summer-seasons of
2001-2002 we have got about 40 new species from 13 new' localities. We also
include 45 new species from the scientific collections of the Zoological Institute
of the Russian Academy of Science (ZIN RAS, St.-Petersburg). This infomiation
was kindly granted to us by Alexey Matov.

Some additions were made from publications of Herezig^f al. (1990, 1991).
The complete number of Noctuidae moths known from Daghestan amounts now
to 423 species.

The Noctuidae systematics and nomenclature are according to Fibiger &
Hacker (1991, 1998) and Karsholt & Razowski (1996). Colour photographs of
specimens are made by A. I. Matov from the collection of the Zoological
Institute of the Russian Academy of Science (St.-Petersburg).

rhe^rcuM (4)(1.XII.2()03): 167

Zonal divisions of the localities

Locality numbers up to 37 are according to the main paper (Poltavsky &
Ilyina 2002). Numbers 38-50 are new (numbers in bold).

I. Lowland Daghestan:

2. Tchervlennie Buruni - village in the Nogaisky District.

3. Leninaul - village in the Nogaisky District.

7. Machatschkala - Capital of the Daghestan Repiiblic.

1 2. Derbent - town (the centre of Derbent District).

14. Samur- village in the Magaramkent District.

38. Aknada(2) - village in the Kizilyourt District.

II. Foothill Daghestan:

15. Tarki - settlement (Machatschkala suburb) (400-500 m a.s.1.).

1 6. Kaptchugaj - village in the Biijnaksk District (extinct in present time).

1 7. Kayakent - village in the Kayakent District.

1 8. Kumtor-Kale - railway station in the Kumtor-Kala District.

39. Buinaksk - town (the centre of Buinaksk District).

40. Hasavjurt - town (the centre of Hasavjurt District).

41. Kiitchun - village in Magaramkent district (on the river Samur).

III. Front mountain-ranges of Daghestan:

2 1 . Gertma - village in the Kazbekovsky District ( 1 200 m a.s.1.).

42. Okjiiz-Tau - mount of Gimrinsky range (1200-1300 m a.s.1.).

43. Aksu - village in Kazbekovsky District (mount Salatau. 1 300 m a.s.1.).

IV. Central mountain area of Daghestan:

25. Gunib - village in the Gunib District ( 1 500 m a.s.1.).

26. Hadjalmahi - village in the Levashi District (700-800 m a.s.1.).

44. Uzdalroso - village in the Hunzakh District ( 1 200 m a.s.1.).

45. plateau Gunib - the plateau of the mount Gunib (2000 m a.s.1.).

46. Lologonitl - village in the Ahvahsky District on the Bogosky mountain range.

47. Karata - village (the centre of the Ahvahsky District).

49. Tchokh - village in the Gunib District on the slopes of mount Turchidag.

V. Highiand Daghestan:

30. Ahti - village in the Ahti District ( 1400-1500 m a.s.1.).

3 1 . Kezenoy-am - lake in the Botlih District (on the boundary with Ichkeria).

33. Kurush - village in the Dokuzparinsky District.

34. Burshag - village in the Agulsky District (2000 m.a.s.l.).

48. Tohota - village in the Tljarata District (1900-2000 m a.s.1.).

50. Rutul - village (the centre of Rutul District).

Abbreviations:

! - caught for the first time in Daghestan in 2001-2002.

* - first record for Daghestan (data from museum collections).

Localities: Kezenoy-am and Kurush without date and collector name means data taken from
Herczig ct.a/. (1990, 1991).

Figures in brackets: (1. 11, lil, IV, V) - the natural zones of species distribution: 1- Lowlands, 11-
Foothills, 111- Front mountain-ranges, IV- Central mountain area, V- Highlands.

Phegea2>\ (4) (1 .XII.2003): 168

Georgian
Republlc

foothills I I plains
fore-ranges
inner Daghestan
Alpine Daghestan

l'igurc 1: Map of' Daghestan with inciication ofnaUiral /.ones and localilies.

r/w^:cu^\ (4) (1. XI 1.2003): 100

Additions to the systematic list of the Noctuidae of Daghestan

Subfamily Acronictinae

1. Eogena contaminei (Eversmann, 1847) - Kayakent, 28.05.2002. (II).

2. \Acronicta alni {LxnxxdiQws, 1 767) - plateau Gunib, 1 8-20.07.2002. (IV).

3. Acronicta tridens ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - plateau Gunib. 18-

20.07.2002. (IV).

4. lAcronicta psi (Linnaeus, 1758) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001; Lologonitl, 10-

12.08.2002. (IV, V).

5. Acronicta leporina (Linnaeus. 1758)- plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

6. lAcronicta auricorna ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - plateau Gunib, 18-

20.07.2002. (IV).

7. Acronicta rumicis (Linnaeus, 1758) - Aknada. 10-13.06.2002; Karata,

08.08.2002. (I, IV).

8. Acronicta euphorbiae ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Kezenoy-am. (V).

9. "^Simyra nerx’osa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Kaptchugaj, 01.05.1938

(ZIN: M.A. Rjabov) (II); Gunib, 22.04.2001 (II, IV).

10. Colocasia coryli (Linnaeus, 1758)- Gunib, 22.04.2001. (IV).

Subfamily Bryophilinae

1 1. ICryphia protecta Draudt. 1931 - Tohota, 20-25.07.2001. (V).

12. ICryphia seladona {C\\x\'s,io\A\. 1885) - Tohota, 20-25.07.2001. (V).

13. ICryphia uzahovi Ronkay & Herczig, 1991 - Kezenoy-am; Burshag, 03-
05.08.2001; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002 (IV, V).

13b. Cryphia muralis (Torster, 1771) - Karata, 08.08.2002. (IV).

Subfamily Herminiinae

14. Pechipogo phimigeralis (Hübner, [1825]) - Samur, 01.08.1996. (I).

15. "^Antarchaea conicephala (Staudinger, 1870) - Hadjalmahi, 29.06.1926.
(ZINiM.A. Rjabov). (IV).

Subfamily Chloephorinae

1 7. Pseudoips fagana (Fabricius, 1781)- Tohota. 20-25.07.2001 . (V).

Subfamily Catocalinae

18. '^Catocala piierpera (Giorna. 1791) - Machatschkala. 26.08.1946.
Uzdalroso, 1980; Kumtor-Kale. 31.08.1940 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (I. II. IV).

19. *Catocala hymenaea (Esper, 1805) - TapKH. 16.07.1946; Kumtor-Kale,
16.07.1947 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (II).

20. ICatocala hipina Hemch-Schaffer, 1851 - Kutchun. 18.09.1999. (II).

21. ^Catocala promissa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Buinaksk.
15.07.1944.(11).

22. *Clytie terriilenta (Chistoph, 1893) - Kaptchugaj, 15.10.1940, 04.08.1945.
(ZIN: M.A. Rjabov) (II).

Phegea2^\ (4) (l.XII.2003): 170

23. "^Mimicia hinaris {[Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - TapKH, 20.05.1947
(Z1N;M. A. Rjabov)(Il).

24. Drasteria herzi Kozhantschikov, 1930 - Kaptchugaj, 01.05.1938,
20.06.1940 21.07.1949; Derbent 24.07.1928 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (1, II).

25. Drasteria flexiiosa (Ménétriés, 1849) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

26. Drasteria cailino (Lefèbvre, 1827) - Leninaul, 01.04.2001; Tchervlennie
Buruni. 02.02.2001 (I).

27. Lygephila viciae (Hübner, 1822) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

28. ^Colobochvla salicalis ([Denis & SchiffeiTnüller], 1775) - Machatschkala,
16.05.1949 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (I).

29. lApopestes spectrum (Esper. 1787) - Gertma, 02.10.2001; Machatschkala,
10.06.2002.(1,111).

30. Apopestes noe Ronkay. 1990 - Kezenoy-am (V).

31. "^Aiitophila limbata (Staudinger, 1871) - Gertma, 15.07.2001; Kaptchugaj.
14.07.1945 (II); Ahti, 28.07-01.08.1933; Kumtor-Kale, 16.07.1947 (zIn:
M.A. Rjabov) (II, III, IV, V).

32. Autophila ligaminosa (Eversmann. 1851) var. caucasica Herz, 1904 -
Kezenoy-am; Kumtor-Kale, 21.05.1939; Eladjalmahi, 29.09.1932 (ZIN: M.
A. Rjabov). (II. IV. V).

33. "^Autophila asiatica (Staudinger, 1888) - Kaptchugaj. 04.07.1945;
Hadjalmahi. 23.09.1932 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (II. IV).

34. *Catephia alchymista ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Derbent.
01.08.1928 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (I).

35. Tyta luctiiosa ([Denis & Schiffennüller], 1775) - Gertma, 02.10.2001:
plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002; Kayakent, 28.05.2002; Aknada, 10-
13.06.2002.(1, II, III. IV).

36. "^Callistege mi (Clerck, 1 759) - TapKH. 08.05.1946 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (II).

37. "^Grammodes bifasciata (Petagna. 1787) [=G. geometrica Rossi, 1790] -
Derbent, 23.07.1928; Kaptchugaj. 18.05.1939; Tarki, 15.09.1947;
Machatschkala. 26.08.1946 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (I. II).

Subfamily Plusiinae

38. Euchalcia x'ariabilis {?\\\qv, 1783)- Aksu. 07.07.2001. (lil).

39. \Eiichalcia modesta (Hübner, 1 786) - Burshag, 03-05.08.2001 . (V).

40. Panchiysia deaurata (Esper. 1787) - Kaptchugaj. 05.09.1937 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov) (II ).

41. Diachtysia chiysitis (Linnaeus. 1758) - Aksu. 07.07.2001; Tohota. 20-
25.07.2001; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002; Tchokh. 21.08.2002; plateau
Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (III, IV. V).

42. Maedommoiighia confiisa (Stephens. 1850) - Aksu. 07.07.2001: Gertma.
15.07.2001.(111).

43. Aufograplia gamma (Linnaeus. 1758) - Machatschkala. 10.04.2001:
Kayakent. 07.08.2001: Aksu. 07.07.2001; Rutul. 27.07.2001: Kurush.
23.06.2001: Tohota. 20-25.07.2001: Aknada. 10-13.06.2002: plateau

riKgCLiM (4)(1.XI1.2(K)3): 171

Gunib. 18-20.07.2002; Karata, 08.08.2002; Lologonitl. 10-12.08.2002. (1,
lUll.lV, V).

44. Autographa jota (Linnaeus, 1758) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001; Karata.
08.08.2002; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. {IV, V).

45. Autographa hractea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Burshag, 03-
05.08.2001; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV.
V).

46. Autographa aennila ([Denis & Schiffeririüller]. 1775) - Aksu, 07.07.2001;
Burshag, 03-05.08.2001 . (111, V).

47. Abrostola trigemina (Werneburg. 1864) - plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002;
Machatschkala. 20.02.2001 . (I, IV).

48. lAhrostola tripartita (Hufnagel, 1766) - Tohota, 20-25.07.2001. (V).

49. "^Abrostola clarissa (Staudinger, 1900)- Hadjalmahi, 18.06.1944. (IV).

Subfamily Acontiinae

50. Emmelia trabealis (Scopoli, 1763) - Gertma, 02.10.2001; plateau Gunib,
18-20.07.2002; Aknada. 10-13.06.2002. (I, III, IV).

51. Acontia lucida (Hufnagel, 1766) - Kayakent, 28.05.2002. (II).

52. Acontia melanura (Tauscher, 1809) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

53. \Protodeltote pvgarga (Hufnagel, 1766) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002.
(IV).

54. Eublemma rosea (Hübner. 1790) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

Subfamily Cuciilliinae

55. CucuUia magnifica Freyer. 1839 - Burshag. 03-05.08.2001; plateau Gunib,
18-20.07.2002. (IV, V).

56. ICuciillia argentea (Hufnagel, 1766) - Karata, 08.08.2002. (IV).

57. CucuUia lucifuga ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Gunib, 25.05.2001;
Burshag, 03-05.08.2001. (IV, V).

58. ICucuUia gnaphalii (Hübner, [1813]) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001; plateau
Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV, V).

59. CucuUia umbratica (Linnaeus, 1758) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002;
Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (IV).

60. Oniphalophana antirrhini (Hübner, [1809]) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002.
(IV).

Subfamily Amphipyrinae

61. *Amphipyra perflua (Fabricius. 1787) - Okjuz-Tau. 21.08.1944 (ZIN: M.A.
Rjabov)dII).

62. Amphipyra tragopoginis (Clerck, 1759) - Tchokh. 21.08.2002. (IV).

Subfamily Heliothinae

63. Schinia scutosa ([Denis & Schiffemiüller], 1775) - Leninaul. 02.02.2001;
Gunib, 25.05.2001; Tcher\ lennie Buruni, 02.04.2001. (I. IV).

Phegean (4) (l.XII.2003): 172

64. \Schinia imperialis Staudinger, 1871 - Kurush (ZIN: Erschov); plateau
Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV, V).

65. "^Schinia cognata (Freyer, 1833) - Derbent, 07-08.08.1928 (ZIN). (I).

66. Heliothis peltigera ([Denis & Schiffemiüller], 1775) - Lologonitl, 10-
12.08.2002. (IV).

67. Pyrrhia umbra (Hufnagel, 1766) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

68. Chazaria incarnata (Freyer, 1838) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

Subfamily Hadeninae

69. lAcosmetia caliginosa (Hübner, [1813]) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002.
IV).

70. Caradrina morphens (Hufnagel, 1766) - Tchokh. 21.08.2002. (IV).

71. Paradrina clavipalpis (Scopoli, 1763) - Tohota, 20-25.07.2001; Lologonitl,

10-12.08.2002. (IV, V).

72. IParadrina hypostigma (Boursin, 1932)- Tohota, 20-25.07.2001. (V).

73. lEre modrina vicina {SXaudmgQr, 1870) - Gertma, 15.07.2001.(111).

74. \Hoplodrina octogenaria (Goeze, 1781) (=//. alsines (Brahm, 1791)) -
Gertma, 15.07.2001, 02.10.2001; Tohota, 20-25.07.2001; Burshag, 03-
05.08.2001; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002; Tchokh, 21.08.2002. (III, IV, V).

75. Hoplodrina amhigiia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Tohota, 20-
25.07.2001; Gertma. 02.10.2001; Kayakent. 28.05.2002. (II, III, V).

76. Megalodes eximia (Freyer, 1845) - Tarki, 02.07.1945, 15.06.1947 (ZIN: M.
A. Rjabov) (II).

77. lAthetis furvula (Hübner, [1808]) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001; Lologonitl, 10-
12.08.2002. (IV, V).

78. Athetis gluteosa (Treitschke, 1835)- plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

79. IProxenus lepigone (Moeschler, 1860) - Aksu, 07.07.2001. (III).

80. IMormo maura (Linnaeus, 1758) - Machatschkala (coll. of Daghestan
Scientific Centre). (I).

81. Chilodes maritima (Tauscher, 1806) - Kaptchugaj, 14.07.1945 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov) (II).

82. ^Haemerosia vassilininei Bang-Haas, 1912 - Derbent, 27.08.1928; Tarki,
02.07.1947; Kaptchugaj. 14.07.1940, 27.08.1940, 27.07.1952 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov) (I, II).

83. D\ptengia scahriuscula (Linnaeus, 1758) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001;
Aknada. 10-13.06.2002. (L V).

84. Eiiplexia htcipara (Linnaeus. 1 758) - plateau Gunib. 1 8-20.07.2002. (IV).

85. Phlogophora meticulosa (Linnaeus, 1758) - Aksu. 07.07.2001; Tohota, 20-

25.07.2001. (111, V).

86. Phlogophora scita Hübner. 1790 - plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

87. Auchmis detersa (Esper. 1791) - Kezenoy-am; Tohota. 20-25.07.2001;
plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV, V).

88. \Actinotia radiosa (Esper, 1 804) - Tohota, 20-25.07.200 1 . ( V).

89. \Chloantha hyperici ([Denis & Schiffermüller|. 1775) - Tohota. 20

25.07.2001. (V).

rhcgc(i?>\ (4)(1.X11.2()03): 173

90. *Callopis!ria latreillei (Duponchel. 1827) - Hadjalmahi. 23.06.1944 (ZIN:
M. A. Rjabov){I. IV).

9 1 . Parastichtis siispecta ( Hübner. [1817])- Derbent. 24.06. 1 0.07. 1 928 (ZIN ).

92. *Cosmia diffiuis (Linnaeus. 1767) - Derbent. 22.07.1928. 20.06.1931 (ZIN:
M. A. Rjabov) (I).

93. ICosniia trapezina (Linnaeus. 1758) - plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

94. Xanthia togata (Esper. 1 788) - Kezenoy-am. (V).

95. *Xanthia gilrago ([Denis & Schiffermüllerj. 1775) - Machatschkala.
20.09.2001: Hadjalmahi. 22.09.1932 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (I. II. IV).

96. *Xanthia fulvago (Clerk. 1759) [=V. sulfurago ([Denis & Schiffermüller].
1775)] - Tarki. 21.09.1944: Machatschkala. 30.10.1949 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov) (I. II).

97. *Agrochola humilis ([Denis & Schiffeimüller], 1775) - Tarki. 27.10.1940.
18.10.1947 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (II).

98. ^Agrochola Ivchnitis ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - Derbent.

26.10.1931 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (I).

99. *Agrochola macilenta (Hübner. [1808]) - Tarki. 07.10.1945: Kaptchugaj.
LVIO.1945 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (II).

100. *Agrochola circellaris (Hufnagel. 1766) - Derbent. 15.10.1928 (ZIN: M.
A. Rjabov) (I).

101. *Agrochola litiira (Linnaeus. 1761) - Kumtor-Kale. 07.10.1940 (ZIN: M.
A. Rjabov) (II).

102. ^Agrochola nitida ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - Tarki. 25.09.1945
(ZIN:M.A. Rjabov) (II).

103. *Eupsilia transversa (Hufnagel. 1766) - Hasa\jurt. 5.10.1949 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov) (II).

104. *Jodia croceago ([Denis & Schiffemiüller]. 1775) - Tarki. 17.10.1944:
Kaptchugaj. 26.09.1943 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (II).

105. "^Conistra entlirocephala ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - Tarki.
0 1 . 1 1 . 1 943: Machatschkala. 04. 1 1 . 1 95 1 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) ( I. II ).

106. "^Conistra rubiginea ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - Tarki. 06.05.1945:
Machatschkala. 12.10.1947: Kumtor-Kale. 01.09.1945 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov)
(LID.

107. "^Conistra riibiginosa ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - Tarki. 23.04.1933
22.02.1941. 05.03.1941 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (II).

108. *Episema lederi Christoph. 1885 [=E. sareptana Alpheraky. 1897] - Tarki.
05.10.1937. 18-20.09.1939. 20.09.1947 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (II).

109. *Cleoceris scoriacea (Esper. 1789) - Tarki. 25.09.1940: Derbent.

6.10.1931 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (I. II).

110. "^Conistra vaccinü (Linnaeus. 1761) - Machatschkala. 22.02.1941.
13.1 1.1944 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (I).

111. *Conistra veronicae (Hübner. [1813]) - Tarki. 27.10.1940: Machatschkala.
16.1 1.1949. (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (I. II).

Phegeu2>\ (4)(1.XIL2003): 174

112. Brachvlomia viminalis (Fabricius, 1777) - Gertma. 15.07.2001; Tohota.
20-25.07.2001; Burshag. 03-05.08.2001; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (IIL
IV. V).

113. Lithophane ornitopus (Hufnagel. 1766) - Tarki, 12.09.1945 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov) (II).

114. Mnioppe adiista (Esper, 1790) - Tohota, 20-25.07.2001; plateau Gunib.
18-20.07.2002; Karata, 08.08.2002. (IV, V).

115. "^Antity-pe chi (Linnaeus. 1758) - Okjuz-Tau, 29.08.1940 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov) (III).

116. ^Xvlena exsoleta (Linnaeus. 1758) - Tarki. 22.02.1941; Kumtor-Kale.
08.10.1940 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov) (II).

1 17. '^Xylena liinifera (Warren, 1910) - Tarki. 18.10.1947 (ZIN: M. A. Rjabov)

(II) .

1 18. Apamea mojioglypha (Hufnagel. 1766) - Gertma. 15.07.2001. 02.10.2001;
Burshag. 03-05.08.2001; Karata. 08.08.2002; plateau Gunib, 18-
20.07.2002; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (III, IV, V).

119. lApamea lithoxylaea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Gunib.
22.04.2001; Gertma. 15.07.2001. (III, IV).

\20. Apamea ere nata {UufnagQl, 1766) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

121. Apamea lateritia (Hufnagel. 1766) - Gertma. 02.10.2001; Burshag. 03-
05.08.2001: plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002;
Tchokh, 21.08.2002. (IIL IV. V).

122. Apamea furya ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - Burshag. 03-05.08.2001;
Lologonitl. 10-12.08.2002. (IV. V).

123. lApamea oblonga {Uaworih, 1809) - Gertma. 15.07.2001.(111).

124. Apamea remissa (Hübner, [1809]) - Tohota, 20-25.07.2001; plateau
Gunib. 1 8-20.07.2002. (IV, V).

\25. Apamea sordens (Hufnagel. 1766) - Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (IV).

126. Apamea ferrago (Eversmann, 1837) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001: Gertma.
02.10.2001: Burshag. 03-05.08.2001; plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (IIL
IV. V).

127. Oligia latnmcula ([Denis & Schiffennüller]. 1775) - Gertma, 15.07.2001.

(III) .

128. lOligia versicolor (BorkhausQn, 1792)- Aksu, 07.07.2001. (III).

129. Mesoligia funincula ([Denis & Schiffennüller]. 1775) - Aksu. 07.07.2001:

Tohota. 20-25.07.2001: Burshag, 03-05.08.2001: Lologonitl, 10-

12.08.2002: Karata, 08.08.2002. (III. IV. V).

130. IMesoligia literosa (Havvorth. 1809) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001: plateau
Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (IV. V).

131. Mesapamea secalis (Linnaeus. 1 758) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001. (V).

132. Hydraecia praecipua Hacker & Nekraso\ . 2001 - Gunib. 21-30.07.1984
(coll. A. V. Nekrasox ) (IV).

133. *Nonagria typhae (Thunberg. 1784) - Machatschkala. 30.09.1950 (ZIN:
M. A. Rjabo\ ) (I).

\2)^. lAmphipoea fucosa {VvQ\Cï, 1830) plateau Gunib. 18 20.07.2002. ( IV).

rhegeayx (4) ( LXII.2003): 175

135. Calamia tridens (Hufnagel, 1766) - Kezenoy-am; Burshag, 03-05.08.2001.
(V).

136. Sedina buettneri (O. Hering, 1858) - Bujnaksk, 01.09.1940 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov).

137. Discestra furca {EvQvsmann, 1852)- Aksu, 07.07.2001. (III).

138. Discestra trifolii (Hufnagel, 1766) - Leninaul, 02.02.2001; Gertma,

15.07.2001. 02.10.2001; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002; Aknada,

10.06.2002. (1,111, IV).

139. Discestra stigmosa (Christoph, 1887) - Leninaul, 02.02.2001; Kayakent,

28.05.2002. (I, II).

140. Discestra sociabilis (de Graslin, 1850)- Kayakent, 28.05.2002. (II).

141. Lacanobia w-latimim (Hufnagel, 1766) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002;
Tchokh, 21.08.2002. (IV).

142. Lacanobia oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758) - Tohota, 20-25.07.2001; Tchokh,
21.08.2002; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002; Karata, 08.08.2002. (IV, V).

143. Lacanobia thalassina (Hufnagel, 1766) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002.
(IV).

144. Lacanobia contigna ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Tohota. 20-
25.07.2001; Burshag, 03-05.08.2001; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002;
Tchokh, 21.08.2002. (IV, V).

145. Aetheria bicolorata (Hufnagel, 1766) - Rutul, 27.07.2001; Tchokh,
2 1 .08.2002; plateau Gunib, 1 8-20.07.2002. (IV,V).

146. Hadena compta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Burshag, 03-
05.08.2001; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (IV.
V).

147. Hadena confusa (Hufnagel, 1766) - Aksu, 07.07.2001; Tohota, 20-
25.07.2001; plateau Gunib, ^18-20.07.2002; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (III,
IV, V).

148. Hadena melanochroa (Staudinger, 1892) - Aksu, 07.07.2001; Gertma,
15.07.2001; Tohota. 20-25.07.2001. (III, V).

149. Hadena tephroleuca (Boisduval, 1 833) - Aksu, 07.07.2001 . (III).

150. Hadena rivularis (Fabricius, 1775) - Burshag, 03-05.08.2001. (V).

151. Hadena perplexa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Gertma, 15.07.2001.

(III) .

152. Sideridis reticulata (Goeze, 1781) - Aksu, 07.07.2001; Kurush,
23.06.2001; Tohota, 20-25.07.2001; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (III,
IV, V).

153. \Saragossa porosa (Eversmann, 1854) - Aksu, 07.07.2001. (III).

154. Melanchra persicariae (Linnaeus. 1761) - plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002.

(IV) .

155. Melanchra pisi (Linnaeus, 1758)- plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

156. Polia bombycina (Hufnagel, 1766) - Aksu, 07.07.2001; Tohota, 20-
25.07.2001; Burshag, 03-05.08.2001; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (IIL IV.
V).

PhegeuM (4) (l.XII.2003): 176

157. Polia nebidosa (Hufnagel, 1766) - Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002; plateau
Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

158. Polia serratilinea (Treitschke, 1825) - Aksu, 07.07.2001; Tohota, 20-
25.07.2001; Burshag, 03-05.08.2001; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002;
Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (III, IV, V).

159. Mythimna conigera ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Aksu, 07.07.2001;
Gertma, 15.07.2001, 02.10.2001; Burshag, 03-05.08.2001; Lologonitl, 10-
12.08.2002; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002; Karata, 08.08.2002. (III, IV, V).

160. Mythimna ferrago (Fabricius, 1787) - Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002; Tchokh,
2T.08.2002. (IV).

161. Mythimna albipimcta ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Tohota, 20-
25.07.2001; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (IV, V).

162. Mythimna vitellina (Hübner, [1808]) - Kayakent, 28.05.2002. (II).

163. Mythimna comma (Linnaeus, 1761) - Aksu, 07.07.2001; Tohota, 20-
25.07.2001; Burshag, 03-05.08.2001; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (III,
IV, V).

164. Mythimna flammea (Curtis, 1828) -Gunib, 22.04.2001. (IV).

165. Mythimna l-album (Linnaeus, 1767) - Kezenoy-am; plateau Gunib, 18-
20.07.2002; Tchokh, 21.08.2002. (IV, V).

166. \Panolis flammea ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Gunib, 22.04.2001.
(IV).

167. '*Orthosia incerta (Hufnagel, 1766) - Tarki, 31.03.1940 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov), Gunib, 22.04.2001 (II, IV).

168. *Orthosia gothica (Linnaeus, 1758)- Tarki, 23.04.1933, 31.03.1940 (ZIN:
M. A. Rjabov) (II).

169. *Orthosia cerasi (Fabricius, 1775) [=0. stabilis ([Denis & Schiffermüller],
1775)]-Beligy, 23.04.1928.(1).

170. \Egira anatolica (Hering, 1933) -Gunib, 22.04.2001. (IV).

171. Perigrapha i-cinctum ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Gunib,

22.04.2001. 25.05.2001. (IV).

172. Hyssia cavernosa (Eversmann, 1842) - Aksu, 07.07.2001; Burshag, 03-

05.08.2001. (111, V).

173. Ceraptery’x megala Alpheraky, 1882 - Kezenoy-am; Burshag, 03-

05.08.2001. (V).

174. Tholera cespitis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Kezenoy-am. (V).

175. Eriopygodes imbecilla (Fabricius, 1794) - Aksu, 07.07.2001; Burshag, 03-
05.08.2001; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (III, IV, V).

176. Lasionycta proxima (Hübner, [1809])- Tohota. 20-25.07.2001. (V).

Subfamily Noctuinae

177. Axylia putris (Linnaeus, 1761) - Lologonitl. 10-12.08.2002; Tchokh,
2 1 .08.2002; Karata, 08.08.2002. (IV).

178. Ochropleura flammatra ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Lologonitl, 10-
12.08.2002; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

179. Ochropleura musiva (Hübner. [1803])- Burshag. 03-05.08.2001. (V).

PhegeaM (4) ( 1 .XII.2003): 177

180. Ochropleura plecta (Linnaeus. 1761) - Aksu. 07.07.2001; Gertma.
15.07.2001: Burshag. 03-05.08.2001: plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (111.
IV. V).

181. Diarsia mendica (Fabricius. 1 775) - plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

182. Noctuü pronuba (Lmnditus. 1 758) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001. (V).

183. Soctua orbona (Hufnagel. 1766) - plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (IV).

184. \Noctua interposita (Hübner. 1789) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001: Burshag.
03-05.08.2001: plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (IV. V).

185. *Noctua fimbriata (Schreber. 1759) - Tarki. 15.09.1947 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov) (li ).

186. Noctua comes (Hübner. [1813]) - Lologonitl. 10-12.08.2002: Karata.
08.08.2002: Aknada. 10-13.06.2002. (I. IV)r

187. Chersotis ocellhia ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - Tohota. 20-
25.07.2001: Gertma. 02.10.2001: Burshag. 03-05.08.2001: plateau Gunib.
18-20.07.2002.(111. IV. V).

188. Chersotis midtangida (Hübner. [1803]) - plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002.
(IV).

189. Chersotis elegans (Eversmann. 1837) - Gertma. 02.10.2001: Burshag. 03-

05.08.2001. (111. V).

190. [Chersotis anachoreta (Herrich-Schaffer. 1851) - Kurush. 23.06.2001:
Tohota. 20-25.07.2001: Gertma. 02.10.2001. (III. IV. V).

191 . Chersotis cmatolica (Draudt, 1936) - Kezenoy-am. (V).

192. Chersotis semna (Püngeler. 1906) - Kezenoy-am. (V).

193. Chersotis caspinis (Lederen 1871 ) - Kezenoy-am. (V).

194. Chersotis cuprea ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - Kezenoy-am. (V).

195. Chersotis fimbriola (Esper. [1803]) - Kezenoy-am. (V).

196. Rhyacia simidans (Hufnagel. 1766)- Burshag. 03-05.08.2001. (V).

197. Standfiissiaua nicnwera (Boisduval. 1834) - Gertma. 15.07.2001: Tohota.
20-25.07.2001. (Ili.V).

198. Eiirois occidta (Linnaeus. 1758) - plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002:
Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (IV).

199. Spaelotis ravida ([Denis & Schiffennüller]. 1775) - Gertma. 15.07.2001.
02.10.2001: plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002. (III. IV).

200. Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus. 1758) - Gertma. 02.10.2001: Karata.

08.08.2002. (111. IV).

201. Xestia ditrapezium ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - Tohota. 20-
25.07.2001: Burshag. 03-05.08.2001: Tchokh. 21.08.2002. (IV. V).

202. Xestia triangidiim (Hufnagel. 1766) - Burshag. 03-05.08.2001: Tchokh.
21.08.2002: Karata. 08.08.2002. (IV. V).

203. <75/m-orr/2/7 (Doubleday. 1855)- Lologonitl. 10-12.08.2002. (IV).

204. Xestia baja ([Denis & Schiffermüller]. 1775) - plateau Gunib. 18-

20.07.2002. (IV).

205. Xestia ochreago (Hübner. [1808]) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001: Burshag. 03-
05.08.2001. (V).

Phegea^X (4) (1 .XII.2003): 178

Plate 1

1- Anlarchaea conicephala (Staudinger. 1870), Hadjalmahi. 29.06.1926; 2.- Clytie ternilenia
(Christoph. 1893), Kaptchugaj, 04.08.1945; 3.- Drasteha herzi Kozhantschikov, 1930. Kaptchugaj,
20.06.1940; 4.- Auiophila limhatu (Staudinger. 1871). Klimtor )Kale. 16.07.1947; 5.- Megalodes
eximia (Freyer, 1845). Tarki, 15.06.1947; 6.- Haemerosia vassilininei Bang-Haas, 1912, Tarki,
22.07.1947; 7.- Episema leden' Christoph. 1885, Tarki, 18.09.1939; H- Xylena limifera (Warren,
1910), Tarki, 18.10.1947.

PhcgeaM (4) ( 1 .XII.20Ü3): 179

206. Anaplectoides prasina ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Gertma.
02.10.2001; Burshag, 03-05.08.2001; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002;
Karata, 08.08.2002; Lologonitl. 10-12.08.2002. (III, IV. V).

207. Parexarnis tanrica Staudinger, 1879 ssp. pseiidosollers (Boursin. 1940) -
Tohota, 20-25.07.2001; Kezenoy-am; Kurush; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002
(IV, V).

208. Parexarnis fiigax (Treitschke, 1825)- Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (IV).

209. Protexarnis squalida (Guenée, 1852) - Lologonitl. 10-12.08.2002. (IV).

210. Euxoa hirivia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)- Ahti, 27.06.2001. (V).

211. Euxoa heringi (Staudinger, 1877) - Tohota. 20-25.07.2001; Burshag. 03-

05.08.2001. (V).

212. Euxoa nigricans (Linnaeus, 1761 ) - Gertma. 02.10.2001. (III).

213. Euxoa tritici (Linnaeus, 1761 ) - Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (IV).

214. \Euxoa ohelisca ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) - Tohota. 20-

25.07.2001. (V).

215. \Euxoa vitta 1 789) - Gertma, 15.07.2001.(111).

216. Euxoa conspicua (Hübner, [1824]) - Tohota, 20-25.07.2001; Lologonitl,
10-12.08.2002; plateau Gunib, 18-20.07.2002. (IV, V).

217. Dichagyris renigera (Hübner, [1808]) - Aksu. 07.07.2001; Gertma.
15.07.20bl; Tohota, 20-25.07.2001; Burshag, 03-05.08.2001: Tchokh.

21.08.2002. (111, IV, V).

218. Dichagyris candelisequa ([Denis & Schiffennüller], 1775) - Kezenoy-am.
(V).

219. *Actebia praecox (Linnaeus, 1758) - Derbent, 1.09.1928 (ZIN: M. A.
Rjabov) (I).

220. Ledereragrotis multifida (Lederen 1870) - Burshag. 03-05.08.2001;
plateau Gunib, 1 8-20.07.2002. (IV, V).

221. Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766) - Machatschkala, 10.04.2001; Rutul.
27.07.2001; Lologonitl, 10-12.08.2002. (I, IV. V).

222. Agrotis exclamationis (Linnaeus, 1758) - Aksu, 07.07.2001; Gertma.
15.07.2001; Tohota. 20-25.07.2001; plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002;
Tchokh, 21.08.2002; Aknada, 10-13.06.2002. (I, III, IV, V).

223. Agrotis clavis (Hufnagel, 1766) - Aksu. 07.07.2001; Tohota. 20-
25.07.2001; Burshag, 0V05.08.2001; plateau Gunib. 18-20.07.2002;
Tchokh, 21.08.2002; Lologonitl. 10-12.08.2002. (III, IV, V).

224. Agrotis segetum ([Denis & Schiffennüller], 1775) - Tohota. 20-
25.07.2001; Burshag. 03-05.08.2001. (V).

PhegeaT^X (4) (l.XII.2003): 180

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Dr. A. Y. Matov of ZIN RAS (Sankt-Petersburg)
for infomiation about some Noctuidae moths in the ZINN collection, used in this
paper and the permission of representing the colour photographs of moths used
in this paper.

References

Herczig, B., Ronkay, L., Bathiev, A. M„ Korolj, T. S., Meszaros, Z.. Szeoke, K., Tochiev, T. Y.,
Uherkovich. A.. Uzahov, D. 1., 1990. Contribiitions to the knowledge of the Noctuidae
(Lepidoptera) fauna of the NE Caucasus. — Amils.hist.-na1.Mus.natn.himg. 82: 163-174.

Herczig, B.. Ronkay L., Bathiev A. M.. Gizatulin 1. 1.. Koroli T. S., Tochiev T. Y., Uzahov D. 1..
1991. Contributions to the knowledge of the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) fauna of the NE Caucasus
11. — Annls. hist.-nat. Mus.natn.hung. 83: 125-134.

Fibiger, M. & Hacker, H., 1991. Systematic list of the Noctuidae of Europe. — Esperiana 2: 1-499.

Fibiger, M. & Hacker, H., 1998. Systematic list of the Noctuidae of Europe. Corrigenda et Addenda
II. — Esperiana 6: 9-25.

Karsholt, O. & Razowski, J., 1996. The Lepidoptera of Europe. A Distrihutional Checklist. — Apollo
Books, Denmark.

Poltavsky, A. N. & Ilyina, E. V., 2002. The Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) of the Daghestan Republic
(Russia). — Phegea2>^\)\ 1 1-36.

rhcgcüM (4)(1.XII.2()03): 181

Boekbespreking

M ironov, V'.: The GeometriJ Moths of Europe, volume 4 Laremiinae II (Perizomini and
Eiipitheciini).

17 X 24 cm. 463 p.. 16 kleurenplaten. 46 zwart-witplaten. 83 tekstfiguren. 151 verspreidingskaartjes.
Apollo Books Aps.. Kirkeby Sand 19. DK-5771 Stenstrup. Denmark. 2003. gebonden. DKK 720.-
(10% korting bij intekening op de reeks) (ISBN 87-88757-40-4).

In 2001 werd het eerste deel in deze reeks gepubliceerd (zie bespreking in Phegea 30: 4). Dit
volgende deel. eigenlijk het vierde in de reeks, bevat de beschrijving van het grote en moeilijke genus
Eupifhecia, naast de genera Perizoma. Gymnoscelis. Chloroclysfis e.d.. Het boek is haast eens zo dik
als het eerste deel in de reeks, het bevat dubbel zoveel kleurenplaten, maar er worden dan ook veel
meer soorten in behandeld.

Elk genus wordt kort gekarakteriseerd, met opgave van synoniemen en type-soort. beschrijving
van mannelijke en vrouwelijke genitalia. kenmerken van de pre-imaginale stadia en enkele algemene
bemerkingen. Elke soort wordt zeer gedetailleerd behandeld: volledige wetenschappelijke naam.
lijstje van s\noniemen met referentie naar de originele beschrijving. t\pe-lokaliteit en t\pe-
exemplaren. Dan volgt een uitgebreide beschrijving van de uiterlijke kenmerken van het imago, de
mannelijke en vrouvselijke genitalia de verspreiding, de fenologie, biologie, het habitat en een korte
bespreking van de gelijkende soorten met opgave van kenmerken waardoor de soort van nauw
vei-wante soorten kan worden onderscheiden.

Het boek bevat de beschrijving van een nieuwe soort Eiipithecia. en verder worden er 27
ta.xonomische ingrepen uitgevoerd, o.a. het invoeren nieuwe synoniemen. Er worden lectoty pes voor
enkele soorten vastgelegd. Drie soorten worden voor het eerst uit Europa vermeld en er werden heel
wat soorten voor de eerste keer vermeld voor verschillende Europese landen.

De verspreiding van elke soort wordt op een stippenkaart grafisch voorgesteld. Deze bevat ook
een gearceerd deel waarmee aangegeven wordt wat het eigenlijke areaal van de soort is. De tekst
bevat verder nog een tachtigtal tekstfiguren, meestal zwaït-wit foto’s van imago's met opgave van
diagnostische kenmerken.

De kleurenplaten zijn van zeer goede kwaliteit en laten in vele gevallen een zekere determinatie
toe. In het totaal worden iets meer dan 800 e.xemplaren afgebeeld zodat duidelijk rekening werd
gehouden met de individuele variabiliteit van vele soorten. De exemplaren uit het tribus Perzomini
zijn op ware grootte, en die uit het tribus Eupitheciini werden anderhalve keer vergroot afgebeeld. Op
de zwartwitplaten staan de mannelijke en vrouwelijke genitalia van alle soorten afgebeeld in
duidelijke pentekeningen. Zoals gebruikelijk bij het genus Eupithecia is bij de mannetjes ook telkens
het genitaalplaatje afgebeeld zodat bij afborstelen van de onderkant van het achterlijf in vele gevallen
reeds meer zekerheid over de detemiinatie verkregen wordt zonder dat men effectief een preparaat
moet maken.

Achteraan volgt nog een checklist van de Europese soorten Perizomini en Eupitheciini. Deze
checklist bevat ook een aantal soorten die aan de rand van het behandelde gebied liggen, zodat men
bij eventuele twijfelgevallen ook verdere informatie over die soorten kan opzoeken. Het boek eindigt
met een uitgebreide literatuurlijst en een alfabetische index van de wetenschappelijke namen. Het
boek is zeer keurig uitgegeven en zeker zijn prijs waard. Wie geïnteresseerd is in Geometridae zal bij
het doorbladeren van dit boek reeds verlangend uitkijken naar toekomstige delen.

W. De Prins

Phegea 2>\ (4) (1 .XII.2003): 182

New or little known platygastrids (Hymenoptera:
Platygastridae)

Peter Neerup Buhl

Abstract. Six new species, viz. Leptacis longiciliatu (from Giiinea-Bissau). Plalygasler
costaricae, P. flahellata, P. Iianssoniana, Synopeas aciiticomis (all from Costa Rica). and S.
giiatemalae (from Guatemala) are described. The hitherto iinknown male of Plalygasler laricis
Haliday, and the hitherto unknown female of P. slrialiJorsiim Buhl are described.

Samenvatting. Nieuwe of slecht bekende platygastriden (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae)

Zes nieuwe soorten, nl. Leplacis longiciliala (uit Guinea-Bissau). Plalygasler coslaricae, P.
flahellala. P. Iianssoniana, Synopeas acitlicornis (alle uit Costa Rica) en S. gualemalae (uit
Guatemala) worden beschreven. Het tot nu toe onbekende mannetje van Plalygasler laricis
Haliday. en het tot nu toe onbekende wijfje van P. slrialidosrwn Buhl worden beschreven.

Résumé. Platygastrides nouveaux ou peu connus (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae)

Six espèces nouvelles, Leplacis longiciliala (de Guinea-Bissau). Plalygasler coslaricae, P.
flahellala, P. Iianssoniana, Synopeas aculicornis (tous de Costa Rica). and S. gualemalae (de
Guatemala) sont décrites. Le male (Jusqifa présent inconnu) de Plalygasler laricis Haliday. et la
femelle (jusqu'a présent inconnue) de P. slrialidorsiim Buhl sont décrits.

Key words. Hymenoptera - Platygastridae - new species - West Africa - Central America
Buhl, P. N.: Troldhojvej 3. DK-33 10 01sted, Denmark, e-mail: pnbuhl@hotmail.com.

All the specimens treated below are preserved in the Museum of Zoology,
Lund University (Sweden). They were part of a loan by courtesy of curator Roy
Danielsson whom I thank for the loan of the material.

Leptacis longiciliata sp. nov. (figs. 1-2)

Material examined. Holotype $: Guinea-Bissau. Regiao Cacheu. 2 km E Bigene. 1. XI. 1992 (M.
Söderlund).

Description. Female: Length 0.6 mm. Colour dark brown, head almost black;
A1-A2 and legs yellowish, A3-A10 more or less brown.

Head from above 1.8x as wide as long, 1.2x as wide as thorax, distinctly and
rather uniformly reticulate with large meshes, without occipital carina; lateral
ocelli separated from eye by slightly less than their diameter, LOL = 3 OOL.
Head from front hardly 1.2x as wide as high. Antenna (fig. 1) with Al slightly
shorter than height of head (18:19).

Mesosoma 1.6x as long as wide, almost 1.2x as high as wide. Sides of
pronotum smooth except for reticulation in upper anterior corner. Mesoscutum
almost smooth, with rather sparse hairs. without notauli; hind margin
semitransparent. not raised hut slightly convex, on each side of scutellum with
dense hairs. Mesopleura smooth except for about seven fme longitudinal lines in
upper third. Scutellum (fig. 2) sculptured and hair\ as mesoscutum. behind with
a short pale spine and a veilical lamel la below. Metapleura smooth and bare
except tbr fine pubescence posteriorly. Propodeal carinae low and straight,
slightly semitransparent.

PhcgcaM (4)(LX11.2()03): 183

Figs. 1-2. Leptads longiciliata sp. nov. $: 1.- antenna. 2 - scutellum and propodeum. lateral view
(reference bar 0.10 mm).

Fore vving hardly shorter than body. 3.4x as long as vvide. almost clean rather
densely covered by short hairs: longest marginal cilia 0.5 width of wing. Hind
v\ ing about lOx as long as wide; marginal cilia 1.5x width of wing.

Metasoma hardly longer than mesosoma (15:14). about as wide as this. 1.7x
as long as wide. Tl about 1.5x as wide as long. medially with a distinct
transverse impression. rest smooth except for a few weak longitudinal carinae in
posterior half: T2 smooth; T3-T6 ver\ short.

Comments: Differs from Leptads microcera Buhl, 2003 from Siërra Leone
e.g. in stronger sculptured head without occipital carina. and in denser hair>
wings with longer marginal cilia. cf. Buhl (2003). Runs to L. nana Masner. 1960
from Madagascar in Masner's (1960) key to females of African Leptads, but
nana has mesoscutum almost hairless and Tl nearly square in shape. Masner
(1960) also describes L. pumilio Masner. 1960 from Madagascar. but only in the
male sex. This species differs from L. longiciliata at least in shape of scutellum.
cf. Masner (1960).

Platygaster costaricae sp. nov. (figs. 3-6)

Material examined. Holotype $: Costa Rica. Caitago, Parque Nacional Tapanti. 1 200-1 500m
(9=45*N 83°47‘W), 20.1II.-10.1V.2000 (C. Hansson & D. Rubi).

Description. Female: Length 1.6 mm. Colour black, antennae and legs dark
brown; Al basally. trochanters. femora basally. both ends of tibiae. and all tarsi
light brown.

Head from above (fig. 3) 2.0 x as wide as long, as wide as thorax; occiput
fmely trans\ ersely striated. vertex with numerous distinct hair-implantations and
fme reticulation; frons smooth. with a couple of transverse wrinkles just above
antennae; eyes distinctly haiiy; OOL:LOL = 4:3. Head from front 1.2x as wide
as high. Antenna (fig. 4) with Al 0.9x as long as height of head.

Mesosoma 1.4x as long as wide, very slightly higher than wide. Sides of
pronotum smooth except for some fine reticulation antero-medially, with
numerous distinct hairs posteriorly and in upper half. Mesoscutum fmely

Phegea}>\ (4) (l.XII.2003): 184

reticulate-coriaceous anteriorly, rest sinooth but uniformly and rather densely
hair}% without notauli; hind margin medially with a short and narrow
prolongation which is slightly raised. Mesopleura smooth. Scutellum (fig. 5) at
level of mesoscutum, distinctly reticulate-coriaceous and densely hair\\ behind
somewhat uneven and almost vertical. Metapleura smooth and bare except tbr a
few scattered setae. Propodeal carinae well separated, smooth and shiny area
between them about as long as wide.

Fore wing 0.9x as long as body, 2.7x as long as wide. distinctly brownish
and much hair\ ; marginal cilia at most 0.15 width of wing. Hind wing 5.3x as
long as wide. with two frenal hooks; marginal cilia one-third the width of wing.

Metasoma (fig. 6) l.lx as long as head and mesosoma combined, veiy
slightly wider than thorax. Tl strongly and uniformly crenulated. bare dorsally.
T2 medially striated to 0.15. in basal fo\ eae to 0.40; T3-T6 smooth. each with a
transverse row of rather deeply implanted long hairs.

Figs. 3-6. Plutygasler cosiaricae sp. nov. 3.- head. dorsal view. 4.- antenna, 5.- scutellum and
propodeum. lateral view. 6.- metasoma. doi*sal view (reference bar 0.10 mm tbr figs. 3-.3. 0.20 mm
for fig. 6).

Comments; This species, named after its countr> of origin, seems to be rather
similar to Nearctic P. victoriae MacGown. 1979 which, however. has OOL
shorter than LOL and Hagel lar segments more slender than in P. cosiaricae. cf
MacGown (1979).

/V/c'.ecx/.H (4)(1.XIL2003): 185

Platyff aster flahellata sp. nov. (figs. 7-8)

Material examiiied. llolofype Costa Rica. Cartago, Parque Nacional 'I'apanti'. 1200-1 500m
(9°45'N 83°47’W). 20.II1.-I0.1V.2000 (C. llansson& D. Riibi).

Description. Female: Length 1.4 mm. Colour black, antennae hardly lighter;
legs dark brown. both ends of tibiae and base of tarsi light brownish.

Head from above 2.0x as wide as long, l.lx as wide as thorax; entire frons
finely fan-like striated; vertex between ocelli transversely striated, ocellocular
space longitLidinally striated; occiput rounded, rather strongly transversely
striated. Lateral ocelli separated from eyes by 1.25x their longer diameter; OOL
and LOL about equal. Head from front 1.25x as wide as high. Antenna (fig. 7)
with Al slightly shorter than height of head (16:17).

Figs. 7-8. Platyguster /labellata sp. nov. 7.- antenna. 8.- metasoma. dorsal view (reference bar
0.10 mm).

Mesosoma 1.5x as long as wide, l.lx as high as wide. Sides of pronotum
fmely longitudinally reticulate-coriaeeous all over. Mesoscutum somewhat
roughly longitudinally reticulate-coriaeeous with rather dense hairs; notauli
weak. missing in about anterior 0.3; mid lobe bluntly prolonged to base of
scutellum; scuto-scutellar grooves wide, densely hairy. Mesopleura smooth.
Scutellum evenly convex, above level of mesoseutum, virtually smooth except
for rather dense hair-implantations. Metapleura with whitish pilosity all over.
Propodeal carinae short and dark, area between them smooth and much
transverse.

Fore wing just overreaching tip of metasoma. 2.4x as long as wide, with
yellowish tint, dense hairs and short marginal cilia. Hind wing 5.9x as long as
w ide, with two frenal hooks; marginal cilia one-third the width of w ing.

Phegeu3\ (4) ( 1 .Xll.2003); 186

Metasoma (fig. 8) 1.4x as long as head and mesosoma combined, 0.75x as
wide as thorax. Tl strongly crenulated, T2 striated in basal foveae to 0.3,
medially with a couple of very short wrinkles at base. T3 smooth medially, at
sides with numerous rather scattered deeply implanted hairs. T4-T5 with some
scattered deeply implanted hairs and longitudinal rugosity, smooth along
margins. T6 with ver>' faint longitudinal rugosity', almost smooth, and with a few
hairs. Large sternite without hump anteriorly.

Comments: Runs to P. leguminicolae Fouts, 1920 and P. oenone Fouts, 1925
in MacGown's unpublished key to Platy’gaster of the United States, but these
species have metasoma differently shaped and sculptured than in P. flabellata.
and flagellar segments less elongate. The same characters separate flahellata
from the similar Palaearctic species P. demades Walker, 1835, P. orcus Walker,
1835, and P. pelias Walker, 1835, cf Fouts (1920, 1925) and Vlug (1985).

Platygaster hanssoniana sp. nov. (figs. 9-11)

Material examined. Holotype Costa Rica. Cartago, Parqiie Nacional Tapanti'. 1200-1 500in
(9°45'N 83°47'W), 20.II1.-10.IV.2000 (C. Hansson & D. Rubi). Paratypes: IS same data.

Description. Female: Length 1.0 mm. Colour black; Al and legs dark brown;
both ends of fore tibia. base of middle and hind tibiae, and segments 1-4 of all
tarsi yellowish brown.

Head shiny, from above (fig. 9) 2. lx as wide as long, l.lx as wide as thorax;
frons in lower half fmely transversely striate-reticulate, in upper half feebly
reticulate with large meshes; vertex reticulate with small meshes; occiput
narrowly rounded, distinctly transversely striated all over. OOL and LOL equal.
Head from front 1.2x as wide as high, antenna (fig. 10) with Al shorter than
height of head (7:8), A9 1.2x as wide as long.

Mesosoma 1.4x as long as wide, l.lx as high as wide. Sides of pronotum
smooth along hind margin and in slightly more than lower half, rest
longitudinally reticulate. Mesoscutum shiny, superficially but distinctly
reticulate, in posterior third smooth, with notauli indicated in posterior third;
hairs much denser in posterior half than in anterior half; mid lobe slightly
prolonged to base of scutellum; scuto-scutellar grooves with dense hairs.
Mesopleura smooth. Scutellum low, slightly convex, at level of mesoscutum.
smooth except for dense hair-implantations. Metapleura with whitish pilosity all
over. Propodeal carinae low, dark and parallel, transverse area between them
smooth.

Fore wing 0.95 x as long as body, 2.5 x as long as wide. densely hain and
with faint brownish tint; marginal cilia at their longest 0.1 width of wing. Hind
wing ó.Ox as long as wide, with two frenal hooks; marginal cilia hardly one-third
the width of wing.

Metasoma (Tig. 1 I) longer than mesosoma (13:12). hardly 0.9x as wide as
this. Tl strongly and evenly crenulated. T2 basall> with deep and narrow striated
foveae to half of length. medially with two strong longitudinal furrows to one-
fifth of length. 'f3-T6 smooth. each with a few rather superficialK implanted
hairs.

rhcgcüM (4)(1.XII.2003): 187

Figs. 9-1 1. Platygaster hanssoniana sp. nov. 9 - head. dorsal view, 10 - antenna. 1 1- metasoma.
dorsal view (reference bar 0. 10 mm).

Male: 0.9 mm approx. Sculpture of head and mesoscutum somewhat rougher
than in female, e.g. mesoscutum not smooth posteriorly. Antenna with A4
widened, twice as wide as A3, as long as A5; A5-A9 about equal. each 1.5-1.6x
as long as wide, flagellar pubescence about tv\ o-thirds the width of segments.

Comments: Named after one of the collectors. Differs from the Neotropical
species of Platy'gaster treated by Kieffer (1926) in the wide preapical antennal
segments of female. Runs to P. rhabdophagae MacGown, 1979 and P.
astericola (Ashmead, 1893) in MacGown's unpublished key to Platygaster of
the United States, but these species have preapical antennal segments at least as
long as wide, differently sculptured metasoma, etc., cf Fouts (1924) and
MacGown (1979).

Platygaster Uiricis Haliday, 1835 (fig. 12)

Material e.xainined: 1(7, Sweden. Öl.. Halltorp 7.V1I1.I967 (A. Sundholm).

Description of the hitherto unknown male: Length 1.2 mm. Head from above
1.8x as wide as long. Antenna (fig. 12) with A4 unusually large, A1-A4
yellowish brown. A5-A10 darker brown. Otherwise as female described by
Vlug (1985).

Phegeal^X (4) (l.XIl.2003): 188

Fig. 1 2. Antenna of Platy'gaster laricis Flaliday, 1 835 S (reference bar 0. 1 0 mm).

Platygasler strialulorsum Buhl, 1998 (figs. 13-14)

New material examined (29. 4(3): 29. Sweden, Gotl., Larbro 4. VIII. 1963 and Flanguar 9. VIII. 1963;
3(3, Sweden, BI., Torhamn 25.VII.1969; 1 male, BI., Rödeby, Gagnekulla 29.VI1.1969. (A.
Sundholm).

Description of the hitherto unknown female: Length 1.4-1. 7 mm. Antenna
(fig. 13) with A7-A9 each 1.5x as long as wide. Metasoma (fig. 14) l.lx as long
as head and mesosoma combined. T2 striated in basal foveae to about 0.5 of
length, medially with shorter striae. Large sternite without hump. T3-T4 smooth.
each with a medially interrupted transverse row of rather superficially implanted
fine hairs; T5 with longitudinal rugosity, smoother medially and behind; T6
smooth with a few hairs. Rest of characters as in male described from Sweden
by Buhl (1998).

Synopeas aciiticornis sp. nov. (figs. 15-18)

Material examined. Holotype 9^ Costa Rica. Cartago, Parqiie Nacional Tapanti, 1 200-1 500m
(9°45'N 83°47'W), 20.I1I.-10.IV.2000 (C. Hansson & D. Riibi).

Description. Female: Length 1.1 mm. Colour black; A1-A6 and legs dark
brown; most of fore tibia. basal half of middle and hind tibiae. and segments 1-4
of fore and middle tarsi lighter.

Head from above (fig. 15) 1.9x as wide as long, 1.1 x as wide as thorax,
finely and more or less transversely reticulate-coriaceous. occiput rather sharply
angled, with tracés of carina; lateral ocelli separated from eye by 1.25x their
diameter; LOL = 1.7 OOL. Head from front hardly 1.2x as wide as high; antenna
(fig. 16) with Al 0.8x height of head.

rhegeuM (4) ( I .XII.2()03): 189

Figs. 13-14. Plutygaster striatidorswn Biihl, 1998 9- antenna. 14.- metasonia. dorsal view
(reference bar 0. 1 0 mm).

Mesosoma 1.4x as long as wide. l.lx as high as wide. Sides of pronotum
finely reticulate-coriaceous and hair\ in upper half. rest smooth. Mesoscutum
rather uniforinly reticulate-coriaceous and densely hair\ . without notauli hut mid
lobe posteriorly slightly raised and prolonged. not semitransparent: scuto-
scutellar grooves wide. smooth and haiiy . Mesopleura smooth. Scutellum (fig.
17) densely hair\ and somewhat more rugose than mesoscutum. with a fme
semitransparent tooth and a narrow \ertical lamella below. Metapleura with
whitish pilosiU' all o\ er. Propodeal carinae fused. smooth. semitransparent. high
and slightly cur\ ed.

Fore wing fully as long as entire body. nearly 2.6x as long as wide. with ver\
faint brownish tint and densely hair\ : marginal cilia at their longest slightly more
than 0.1 width of wing. Hind wing 5.7x as long as wide; marginal cilia 0.4 width
of wing.

Metasoma (fig. 18) as long as head and mesosoma combined. narrower than
thorax (8:9), wider than high (8:7). T1-T2 smooth. T3-T6 faintly reticulate and
with some superficially implanted hairs.

Comments: A ver> distinct species on account of pointed AIO which is fully
2.5 X as long as wide.

Phegean (4) (1 .XII.2003): 190

Figs. 15-18. Syuopeus aciiticornis sp. nov. 9- 15.- head, dorsal view, 16.- antenna. 17.- scLitellum
and propodeum, lateral view, 18.- metasoma, dorsal view (reference bar 0.10 mm).

Synopeas guatemalae sp. nov. (figs. 19-22)

Material examined. Holotype $: Guatemala, Solola, Panajachel, 1580m, 12. XI. 1991 (R.

Baranowski).

Description. Female; Length 1.0 mm. Colour black; Al and legs almost
uniformly bright yellowish, A2-A6 and apex of bind tibia brownish yellow; A7-
A 10 dark brown.

Head from above (fig. 19) 1.8x as wide as long. 1.25x as vvide as thorax,
dull, uniformly roughly reticulate-coriaceous, without occipital carina; lateral
ocelli separated from eye by their longer diameter; OOL = 0.8 LOL. Head from
front 1.2x as wide as high. Antenna (fig. 20) with Al 0.7x as long as height of
head.

Mesosoma 1.6x as long as wide. 1.2x as high as wide. Sides of pronotum
smooth in lower third. rest distinctly reticulate-coriaceous and with sparse hairs.
Mesoscutum uniformly reticulate-coriaceous (finer than head. almost as
pronotum). with sparse hairs and almost complete notauli which fade out shortly
before reaching anterior margin of disc; mid lobe behind distinctK and narrow K
pointed. reaching base of scutellum; scuto-scutellar grooves wide and hair\.
Mesopleura smooth. Scutellum (lig. 21) with dense whitish hairs. spine and
vertical lamella below slightly semitransparent. Metapleura with dense whitish
pilosit) except along narrow anterior margin. Propodeal carinae smooth. fused
and slightly semitransparent.

rhcgca^\ (4)(1.X11.20()3): 191

Figs. 19-22. Synopeas yiiateimilae sp. nov. 9^ head. dorsal view. 20.- antenna. 21.- scutelliim
and propodeum. lateral view. 22.- inetasoma. dorsal view (reference bar 0. 1 ü mm).

Fore wing almost clear, 0.75 x as long as body, slightly oven'eaching tip of
inetasoma, 2.5 x as long as wide, with rather sparse hairs and no marginal cilia.
Hind wing 6.5x as long as wide, marginal cilia 0.4 width of wing.

Metasoma (fig. 22) 1.3x as long as mesosoma, 0.9x as long as head and
mesosoma combined, 0.8x as wide as thorax, l.lx as wide as high. Tl medially
smooth and bare, laterally with dense pilosity. T2 smooth. antero-laterally with
numerous longitudinal striae reaching about 0.4 length of tergite. T3-T6 rather
convex, hardly hairy; T3-T4 with dense punctures except along hind margin;
T5-T6 with punctate rugosity all over.

Comments: This species, named after its countiy of origin, does not fit in
Fouts' (1924) key to Nearctic species, especially due to sculpture of head and
T3-T6. Among Neotropical species rather similar to the short original
description of West Indian Synopeas grenadensis (Ashmead, 1895), but this
species is smooth and shiny, without distinct scutellar spine, it has Al and legs
brownish yellow and metasoma longer and differently shaped than in S.
guatemalae, cf. Ashmead (1895).

References

Ashmead. W. H., 1895. Report on the parasitic Hymenoptera of the Island of Grenada, comprising
the families Cynipidae. Ichneumonidae. Braconidae, and Proctotrypidae. — ProceeJings of the
zoological Society of Lonclon 1895: 742-812.

Biihl. P. N.. 1998. On some new or little known NW European species of Platygastridae
(Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea). — Fragmeuta eutomologica 30: 295-334.

PhegeaM (4) (1 .XIl.2003): 192

Buhl, P. N„ 2003. New species of African Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). — Phegea
31:25-32.

Fouts, R. M., 1920. Some parasites, with remarks on the genus Platygaster (Hymenoptera). —
Proceedhigs of the entomological Society of Washington 22: 61-72.

Fouts, R. M., 1924. Revision of the North American wasps of the subfamily Platygasterinae. —
Proceedings of the United States National Museum 63: 1-145.

Fouts, R. M.. 1925. New Serphoid parasites from North and South America (Hymenoptera). —
Proceedings of the entomological Society of Washington 27: 147-152.

Kieffer, J. J.. 1926. Scelionidae. - In: F. E. Schulze, W. Kükenthal & K. Heider (editors): Das
Tierreich 48: 876 pp. Berlin and Leipzig.

MacGown, M. W.. 1979. The Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea) parasitic on midges
(Cecidomyiidae) found on conifers in Canada and the United States. — Information Bulletin 9,
Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experimental Station.

MacGown, M. W. (unpublished). Key to identification of species of Platygaster (Hymenoptera:
Proctotrupoidea) in the United States: 42 pp., 101 figs.

Masner, L., 1960. A revision of the African species of the genus Leptacis Forst. (Hymenoptera.
Platygasteridae). — Revue zoologique et botanique africaine 62: 1-34.

Vlug, H. J., 1985. The types of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera. Scelionoidea) described by Haliday and
Walker and preserved in the National Museum of Ireland and in the British Museum (Natural
History). 2. Keys to species, redescriptions, synonymy. — Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 127:
179-224.

PhcgcaM (4)(1.XII.2()03); 193

Boekbesprekingen

UKO^X: Jaarboek 2002.

21 X 26 cm. 128 pp., talrijke afbeeldingen in kleur, paperback 2003. te bestellen bij Limburgse
Koepel voor Natuurstudie, Provinciaal Natuurcentrum, Het Groene Huis. Domein Bokriik. 3600
Genk(ISSN0778-8495).

Dit twaalfde Likona .laarhoek is weer in lijn met de vorige. Het bevat algemene artikels over
verschillende natuurhistorische onderwerpen en een uitgebreid literatuuroverzicht van artikels die
over de Limburgse natuur handelen, maar gepubliceerd werden in andere tijdschriften. Zo is er een
interessante bijdrage over het fenomeen "Holle wegen". Verder zijn er artikels over vissen,
amfibieën, vogels en zoogdieren.

Over insecten zijn er de volgende drie bijdragen: Monitoring van het gentiaanblauwtje in het
Hageven te Neerpelt (G. Palmans en W. Pardon), Opmerkelijke ongewervelden op de Tiendeberg (G.
Erens, M. .ianssen. E. Stassen en F. Vankerkhoven), en het klein vliegend hert in Limburg (E.
Stassen).

In het becommentarieerd literatuuroverzicht staan heel wat verwijzingen naar interessante
artikels die over insecten handelen, o.a. verslagen van inventarisaties in verschillende
natuurgebieden, nieuwe soorten vernield voor de provincie Limburg enz. De publicatie is zeer
rijkelijk geïllustreerd met foto's, tabellen en grafieken en zal iedereen aangenaam leesplezier
bezorgen die in de Limburgse natuur geïnteresseerd is.

W. De Prins

Verloove, J.: Ingebwgerde plantensoorten in Vlaanderen.

21 X 29.5 cm. 227 pp.. 63 tekstfiguren, paperback 2002. te bestellen door overschrijving van 12.50 €
(incl. verzending) op rekening 091-2226013-86. en een briefje of e-mail sturen t.a.v. Helen Blow',
Instituut voor Natuurbehoud. Kliniekstraat 25, 1070 Brussel, helen.blow@instnat.be (ISBN 90-403-
0158-1).

Niet alle planten die men tegenkomt tijdens natuurwandelingen zijn van oorsprong inheems in
onze streken. Reeds van oudsher worden geregeld exotische planten aangeplant, waaiwan er een deel
in geslaagd is te verwilderen en zelfs een tamelijk uitgestrekt bestand op te bouwen. Over die groep
handelt dit boek. met die restrictie dat het slechts de taxa beschouwt vanaf 1945. De bespreking van
elke soort wordt in drie alinea's ingedeeld: I. de actuele verspreiding, de verspreidingsecologie en
eventuele trends. 2. de herkomst en introductievector, en 3. de ecologie, het concuiTentievenriogen en
eventuele schadelijkheid van het taxon. Bij 63 soorten wordt de huidige verspreiding in Vlaanderen
met een kaartje grafisch voorgesteld.

Het is interessant vast te stellen dat tal van soorten die men frequent tegenkomt, tot deze groep
neofieten behoren, o.a. Acer platanoides L., Acer pseudoplatanus L. en zelfs Pinus sylvestris L. Het
feit dat onze flora zulke neofieten bevat, is natuurlijk ook erg belangrijk voor de entomofauna.
Denken we maar even aan de explosieve verovering van het Vlaamse territorium door de kleine
Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic. waarvan de rups in de bladeren van Aescidus hippocastamim
L. mineert. een boom vanaf de zestiende eeuw vanuit de Balkan elders in Europa aangeplant, maar
slechts verwilderend vanaf de tw intigste eeuw.

In bijlage I geeft de Standaard lijst van de niet-inheemse taxa een beknopt, maar duidelijk
overzicht van alle soorten planten die niet oorspronkelijk in Vlaanderen voorkwamen, maar er nu
toch te vinden zijn. door kweken, inburgering enz. Bijlage 2 bevat een lijst van niet-inheemse taxa
die niet weerhouden w'erden voor de standaardlijst. Het boek bevat ook een uitgebreide literatuurlijst
en een alfabetische index. Alle entomologen die met fytofage insecten te maken hebben, zullen in
deze publicatie tal van interessante gegevens vinden.

W. De Prins

Phegea2,\ (4) (l.XII.2003): 194

Dasysyrphus lenensis, nieuw voor de Belgische fauna
(Diptera: Syrphidae)

Guy Van de Weyer

Abstract. Dasysyrphus lenensis, new for the Belgian fauna (Diptera: Syrphidae)

On 17 June 2000 a female of Dasysyrphus lenensis Bagatshanova. 1980 was found near
Robertville (Belgium. prov. Liège). The species is mentioned here for the first time from
Belgium.

Résumé. Dasysyrphus lenensis, espèce nouvelle pour la faune beige (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Le 17 juin 2000 iine femelle de Dasysyrphus lenensis Bagatshanova. 1980 fut trouvée a
Robeitville (prov. Liège). Cette espèce est mentionnée ici pour la première fois de Belgique.

Key words: Dasysyrphus lenensis - faunistics - Belgium - new record.

Van de Weyer, G.: Pieter Brenghel laan 26, B-2840 Reet.

In 1996 werd door Doczkal erop gewezen dat Dasysyrphus lenensis, door
Bagatshanova in 1980 uit Chabarowsk (Centraal- Yakutië) beschreven, eveneens
voorkomt in Centraal-Europa: Duitsland, Oostenrijk, Zwitserland en Noord-
Italië. Deze soort hoort thuis in wat Vockeroth (1969) de "luniilatus groep"
noemt. In Midden- en West-Europa kan men drie soorten uit deze groep vinden:
D. pinastri (De Geer. 1776) [= limulatus auct. nee Meigen; cf. Thompson &
Pont 1994: 107], D. pauxillus (Williston, 1887) [= nigricornis auct. nee Verrall;
cf. Laska & Bicik 1996] en nu ook D. lenensis Bagatshanova. 1980.

D. pinastri komt in België algemeen voor in de buurt van naaldbossen, D.
pauxillus is daarentegen veel zeldzamer en het tot op heden enige Belgische
exemplaar werd gevangen door Jan Lucas op 17-05-1972 te Recht (Hoge
Venen) (Verlinden & Decleer 1987). Dit exemplaar werd door mezelf
nagekeken in de verzameling van het Zoölogisch Museum te Amsterdam.
Verlinden (1991) vermeldt wel een tweede exemplaar uit Noord-Limburg (leg.
K. Decleer, zonder vemelding van datum of vindplaats), maar in de franstalige
versie van 1994 is deze vangst weggelaten. Uit Nederland zijn de drie soorten
gemeld (Reemer 2002) en hier blijken ook pauxillus en lenensis eerder
zeldzaam.

Bij nazicht van mijn verzameling bleek zich hier ook één $ exemplaar van
D. lenensis te bevinden. Het werd gevangen op 17-06-2000 te Robern ille (prov.
Luik) op een bosweg tussen sparren (leg. & coll. G. Van de Weyer). De
voornaamste herkenningspunten zijn de onderbroken en iets kleinere stofvlekken
op het voorhoofd en de vorm van de zwarte vlek op het tweede sterniet. Gelieve
dus alle exemplaren Dasysyrphus, waarvan de gele vlekken op de tergieten niet
o\er de zijnaad gaan grondig te vergelijken, want in de toekomst zullen zeker
nog nieuwe exemplaren opduiken.

PhegeuM (4) ( 1 .XI1.2()0.'^); 195

In de "Catalogue of the Diptera of Belgium" worden dus best volgende
wijzigingen aangebracht op pagina 1 1 1 onder het genus Dasysyrphus Enderlein.
1938?

- limulatns (Meigen. 1822)* venangen door pinastri (De Geer. 1776)*

- nigricornis (Verrall. 1 873) vervangen door pauxillus ( Williston. 1 887)

- lenensis Bagatshanova. 1980 toevoegen

Bibliografie

E^agatshanova. A. K.. 1980. [New species of Syipliidae (EDiptera) from central Yakutia]. —
Entomologichesko Ohozrenie 59: 421-427. [Russiscli met Engelse samenvatting].

Laska. P. & Bicik. V.. 1996. On tlie problems of tlie species Dusyryrphus veniisfiis (Zetterstedt) and
D. hilaris (Meigen) (Dipt.. Syrpliidae). — Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 132: 305-309.
Doczkal. D.. 1996. Schwebvliegen aiis Deutscliland: Erstnachweise und wenig bekannte Arten
(Diptera: Syrpliidae). — Voliicella 2: 36-62.

Reemer. M.. 2002. Lena's wimperzweefvlieg Dasysyrphus lenensis in Nederland (Diptera:
Syrpliidae). — Nederlandse faiinistische Mededelingen 17: 13-17.

Thompson. F. C. & Pont. A. C.. 1994. Systematic database oï Musea names (Diptera). A catalog of
nanies associated witli the geniis-groiip name Musea Linnaeus. with information on their
classiflcation. distribution. and documentation. — Theses Zoologieae 20( 1993): 1-221 .

Verlinden. L.. 1991. Fauna van België. Zweefvliegen (Syrpliidae). — Koninklijk Belgiseh Instituuf
voor Natuurwetensehappem 1-298.

Verlinden. L. & Decleer. K.. 1987. The hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Belgium and their
Faunistics — Studiedoeiunenten van het Koninklijk Belgiseh Instituut voor
Natuiirwetensehappen 39: 1-170.

Vockeroth, J. R.. 1969. A revision of the genera of the Syrphini (Diptera: Syiphidae). — Memoirs of
the entomologieal Soeiety of Canada 62: 1-176.

PhegeaM (4) (l.XII.2003): 196

Chasses insolites et quelques localisations
géographiques beiges peut-être utiles ou rares
(Lepidoptera)

R. H. Nyst

Samenvatting. Geïsoleerde waarnemingen en enkele Belgische vindplaatsen (Lepidoptera)
De auteur vermeldt de soorten Lepidoptera die hij in het centrum van Brussel waarnam in 2002.
De meest opmerkelijke soort was Pseiidupostega crepiisculella (Zeiler. 1839), waarvan de rups
op Mentha sp. leeft, een plant die dikwijls verkocht wordt op de markten en in groentewinkels.
Verder wordt Agonopterix heracUaua (Linnaeus, 1758) voor het eerst vermeld uit de provincie
Namur.

Abstract. Isolated records and some Belgian localities with special interest (Lepidoptera)
The author lists some Lepidoptera observed in the centre of Brussels city during 2002. The most
remarkable of these is Pseiidopostega crepiisculella (Zeiler, 1839). of which the cateipillar lives
on Mentha sp., a plant which is frequently available on the markets and in vegetable shops.
FurtheiTnore, Agonopterix heracliana (Linnaeus. 1758) is recorded for the first time front the
province of Namur.

Keywords: Belgium - faunistics - Pseudopostegu crepiisculella - Agonopterix heracliana.
Nyst. R. H.: Boulevard de Di.\mude 17. B-1000 Bru.xelles.

Un lépidoptériste passionné est toujours a Taffut. même a la limite intérieure
de la Petite Ceinture de Bruxelles oü la végétation brille par son absence. J'utilise
un éclairage constitué de lampadaires halogènes dont les coupes réfléchissantes
éclairent mes plafonds. Ayant constaté que beaucoup de petits insectes étaient
victimes de 1'attraction lumineuse tout en demeurant intacts, j'ai relevé les
espèces les plus significatives accumulées en aoüt et septembre 2002.

Les lépidoptères ainsi observés sont; Endrosis sarcitrella (Linnaeus. 1758)
(Oecophoridae). Hoffmcmnophila pseitdospretella (Stainton. 1849)
(Oecophoridae). Argyresthia goedartella (Linnaeus. 1758) ( Yponomeutidae) et
Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic. 1986 (Gracillariidae).

Mais j'ai fait une trouvaille bien plus intéressante Ie 18 aoüt 2002. 11 s'agit du
minuscule mais ravissant Pseitdopostega crepitscitlella (Zeiler. 1839)
(Opostegidae) dont Krenek (2000) et Parenti (2000) donnent de superbes photos.
Dans Ie catalogue De Prins ( 1998; 22) 1'espèce n'est signalée que des prov inces
Flandre oriëntale et Luxembourg av ant 1980 et Anvers après 1980. En plus. il y
a une référence non vérifiée de la prov ince de Hainaut dans la littérature. Ce
micro semble donc rare et 1'espèce est mentionnée ici comme nouvelle pour la
prov ince de Brabant.

Mon étonnement a été grand quand j'ai constaté que sa plante nourricière est
la menthe {Mentha sp.). 11 a cessé quand j'ai songé que. dans mon quartier
bruxellois. de nombreux commervants vendent en grande quantité de la menthe

PhegcaM (4)(1.XIL2()()3): 197

traiche d'espèces et d'origines diverses, aux amateurs de tisanes. Quelques rares
inflorescences m'ont permis de reconnaitre Mentha rotundifolia.

Quittant mes lampes mais non les lépidoptères J'ai constaté, en mettant de
l'ordre. que j'ai négligé dans mes listes d'Ottignies: Amphipyra berhera Rungs,
1949 (Noctuidae), 4 exemplaires de 1989 et 1 de 2000. Un exemplaire aussi de
Jannée (Province de Namur) en 2002.

Pour continuer ce relevé hétéroclite, ma petite-fille Capucine. dont la chance
était déja signalée par deux captures, a pris a Jannée (Province de Namur). Ie 8
février 2003. un exemplaire (XAgonopterix heracliana (Linnaeus. 1758)
(Depressariidae). II a été réveillé dans la maison oü il hivemait. Ce qui
correspond au compoitement décrit dans l'ouvrage de Emmet (2002). Ce
microlépidoptère est mentionné ici pour la première fois de la province de
Namur (De Prins 1998: 54).

Enfin, pour clore, je voudrais signaler que, empéché de chasser a Ottignies.
j'ai placé mes tubes a U.V. de\ ant une fenêtre ouverte sur la Petite Ceinture citée
plus haut. Cela m'a valu (outre les migrateurs) de nombreuses captures.
Certaines méritent. je crois. d'être notées vu leur situation dans Ie Catalogue De
Prins (1998).

Biicculatrix thoracella (Thunberg. 1794) (Bucculatricidae): 2 ex. les 9 et
16. VII. 2003. Trés localisé.

Cedestis g\\sseleniella (Zeiler, 1839) (Yponomeutidae): 1 ex. Ie 5. VI. 2003.
non signalé depuis 1980.

Cnephasia commiinana (Herrich-Schaffer, 1851) (Tortricidae): 1 ex. Ie
5. IX. 2003, non signalé du Brabant après 1980.

Plagodis dolabraria (Linnaeus. 1767) (Geometridae): 1 ex. Ie 18. VI. 2003,
non signalé du Brabant.

Stegania trimaculata (De Villers. 1789) (Geometridae): 2 ex. de la forme
cognataria (Lederer), les 13 et 14.IX.2003. uniquement signalé du Brabant après
1980.

Références

De Prins. W.. 1998. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Belgium. — Documents de Truvail de
ri.R.Sc.N.B. 92: 1-236.

Emmet. A. M.. 2002. The moths and hiitterflies ofGreat Britain and Ireland. Volume 4 (Part 1 ). —
Harley Books.

Krenek. V.. 2000. Sinall moths ofEiirope. — Cesky Tesin.

Parenti, U.. 2000. A Giiide of the Microlepidoptera of Europe. Guide 1. — Museo Regionale di
Scienze Naturali. Torino.

5 7 2 3'

PhegeuM (4) ( 1 .XII.20Ü3): 198

Boekbesprekingen

Makris, C.; Butterflies of Cyprus.

24 X 29 cm, 329 p„ 675 foto's , 53 verspreidingskaartjes en 32 kleurenplaten. Uitgegeven door
Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation, Nicosia, 2003. Te bestellen bij de auteur
r.c.makrisi^cytanet.com.cy of Eddie John eddie@grayling.dircon.co.uk . Hardcover € 42.85 (ISBN
9963-42-8 f5-0). Softcover € 37.72 { ISBN 9963-42-817-7).

Nu Cyprus weldra deel zal uitmaken van de Europese Unie. wordt het tijd dat vlindergidsen
beginnen rekening te houden met de prachtige fauna van dit eiland. Inderdaad is tot op heden in de
voor ons gangbare vlindergidsen bijna nooit sprake van de vlinders die op Cyprus voorkomen. Met
dit prachtige werk wordt meteen deze leemte gevuld. Het boek bevat maar liefst 675 foto's en 53
verspreidingskaartjes. Deze kaartjes werden gemaakt door Eddie John en zijn een geactualiseerde
versie van deze gemaakt door Rob Parker in 1983. Vele waarnemingen dateren van na 2000.

Er wordt vooraf in een inleiding van 60 pagina's infonnatie gegeven over de geografische en
geomorfologische/geologische positie van Cyprus, het klimaat, het oppervlaktewater, de flora en
vegetatie van het eiland. De Rhopalocera worden gesitueerd in het insectenrijk en waar mogelijk
worden daarbij steeds foto's gebruikt van de Cypriotische fauna. De levenscyclus van de vlinder
wordt eveneens besproken en overvloedig geïllustreerd met foto’s van Cypriotische vlinders en hun
verschillende stadia. Daarna worden uitwendige kenmerken, variatie, gedrag, natuurlijke vijanden en
verdediging daartegen beschreven, telkens rijkelijk gedocumenteerd met prachtige foto's uit de
vlinderfauna van Cyprus.

Sectie A van het boek. 212 pagina's, behandelt de systematiek van de vlinders op Cyprus, na een
korte historische schets van de personen die op Cyprus inventarisatiewerk hebben verricht wat betreft
de vlinderfauna. Daarna wordt elk van de 53 soorten die voor Cyprus in dit boek beschreven worden,
apart behandeld. Dit gebeurt aan de hand van prachtige foto’ van vlinders evenals van de overige
stadia in de vrije natuur met daarbij eveneens aandacht voor de voedselplant en de biotopen waarin
de verschillende soorten voorkomen. Er zijn steeds verscheidene foto's genomen van beide sexen, de
copula. de eiafzetting, de rups en de pop. De foto's zijn prachtig en de mooiste vullen dikwijls een
gehele pagina. Alle foto’s gaan vergezeld van datum en vindplaats. Bij elke soort staat natuurlijk een
verspreidingskaaitje dat, zoals het hoort, opgevat is als een UTM-rooster van lOxlOkm. Deze
verspreidingskaartjes zijn het resultaat van een 50-tal bronnen over meer dan 150 jaren verzameld.
De stippen op de kaartjes onderscheiden waamemingen vóór of na 1990 en bieden een vrij goed
beeld over het voorkomen van de vlinders op Cyprus. Er werd eveneens een fenogram in tabelvorm
toegevoegd met de vliegtijd en duur van alle stadia, zoals die geldt voor Cyprus.

Sectie B bevat 32 kleurenplaten met de geprepareerde vlinders op ware grootte. Telkens worden
de boven- en onderkant afgebeeld van mannetje en wijfje, waar dit van toepassing is. zelfs in
verschillende generaties. Het geheel wordt afgerond met een index en een bibliografie van de
Cypriotische vlinderfauna. Het boek is wetenschappelijk zeer correct van opzet.

Dank zij de subsidie van de bank of Cyprus kon dit zeer verzorgde, rijkelijk met foto's
geïllustreerde werk toch tegen een zeer aanvaardbare prijs aangeboden worden! Een must voor wie
een vlindervakantie op Cyprus ovei-weegt. Wie geboeid is door prachtige foto's van vlinders komt
met dit boek ogen te kort.

Bart Vanholder

rhc^cüM (4)(1.XM.2003): 199

(iiclis, C.: Pterophoroidea <Sc AliicitoiJea (Lepidoptara) - World Catalogiie ofinsects Volume 4.

24 X 17cm. 198 pagina's. Apollo Books Aps.. Kirkeby Sand 19, DK-5771 Stenstrup.
apollobooks^/)vip.cybercity.dk. 2003. gebonden. DKK 320.00 (excl. verzending) (ISBN 87-88757-
68-4).

Dit vierde deel in de reeks "World Cutalo^ue of Insect s" is het eerste waarin enkele families
Lepidoptera behandeld worden. Voordien werden reeds drie delen over Coleoptera gepubliceerd (nl.
de groepen llydraenidae, Hydrophiloidea en Dytiscidae).

In dit deel worden de Pterophoroidea behandeld, samengesteld uit de families Pterophoridae
(1136 sooilen) en Macropiratidae (3 soorten), en de Alucitoidea. samengesteld uit Alucitidae (186
soorten) en Tineodidae (19 soorten). Bij de genera wordt de referentie naar de oerbeschrijving
gegeven en de type-soort. alsook de eventuele synoniemen. Door het ontbreken van taxonomische
studies op sooitniveau. worden de soorten alfabetisch gerangschikt. Bij elke soort wordt de originele
combinatie gegeven en de referentie naar de beschrijving, met vermelding van het land waaruit de
soort beschreven is. Hetzelfde geldt voor de synoniemen. Telkens wordt in een aparte paragraaf de
geografische verspreiding aangeduid tot op landniveau. en onderverdeeld in zeven zoögeograflsche
gebieden: Palaearctisch. Nearctisch. Neotropisch. Afrotropisch. Oriëntaal. Australaziatisch en
Pacifisch.

Indien de voedselplant van de rups bekend is. wordt deze ook vermeld en in enkele gevallen de
parasieten (Diptera of Hymenoptera). Deze gegevens ontbraken in de vroegere delen uit deze reeks,
maar ze vermeerderen duidelijk de gebruikswaarde van de catalogus. Zes nieuwe synoniemen worden
voorgesteld alsook een vervangingsnaam voor een homoniem.

Achteraan volgt een iiitgebreide literatuurlijst die niet minder dan 45 pagina's beslaat en enkele
indexen die het snel opzoeken van de informatie vergemakkelijken: de diptere parasieten, de
hymenoptere parasieten, de voedselplanten, de taxa van de Alucitoidea en de taxa van de
Pterophoroidea. Het boek is keurig uitgegeven en zal lange tijd dienst doen als informatiebron voor
iedereen die met pluimmotten te maken heeft.

Willy De Prins

Inhoiid;

Buhl. P. N.; New or little known plat\ sastrids (Hvmenoptera: Platv gastri dae)

1?. ' ' 183

Kole\-, Z.: A final note on the taxon Aricia {Ultraaricia) orpheus and its

relationship to Plebejiis {Aricia) anteros (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) 161

Nyst. R. H.: Chasses insolites et quelques localisations géographiques beiges

peut-être utiles ou rares 197

Poltavsky. A. N. & Ilyina. E. V.: The Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) of the Daghestan

Republic (Russia). II 167

Van de Wever. G.: Dasysyrphiis lenensis, nieuw voor de Belgische fauna

(Diptera: Syrphidae) 195

Boekbesprekingen 182. 194. 199

verantw. uitg.: W. De Prins. Nieuwe Donk 50. B-2100 Antwerpen (Belgium) - Tel: -32-3-322.02.35

PhegeuM (4) (1.XII.20Ü3); 200

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