+ Rie } oY ee es Vol. i 1967/68 aN jai at HA Oy iy I Y y \ vn i ri TH vit cy ite) 1 aa i } nn he i i iy eae | ahi Sina ey ki pe Fal an | i win yA iN ie it 1 Wh Ay) Ah Rt . a aie y! j he ava 4 “I i Ht fe a i 1 Fan | f BAK hati \ j } it j uw t ri } i ij nip! i nh ys ile, Ae j ! ‘ Bret u Aye AN iit Mey i! ; ig we j i i 7 tif i : Mei Ay ¥ it, pat ey r ¢ } ) dh on I y | AY ff i | , } a5 LJ i F lf ¥ v ry Ry ‘ ae bs ty \ fy Zz : ; , i eh ney 4 FM s | | we : , AS % ; % ¥ PHYTOLOGIA. Designed to expedite botanical publication CONTENTS nese 1). , On Paraphalaenopsis., «+ - fs adi ol wie Owe ed MOIR, W. W. G., & HAWKES, A. D., Studies in the equitant Oncidiums . 2 MOLDENKE, H. N., Additional materials toward a mon ee ee the genus eollicuepa; WRT) a 3 4 pret ae is. MOLDENKE, H. N., Additional notes on the genus Castelia. Il... . 41 DEGENER, O. & I., Partial review of Doty & Mueller-Dombois' 'tAtlas’’ and new taxa in Hawaiian Rubiaceae, Il... ... . 42 WUNDERLIN, R. P., A new name and combination in Bauhinia Sees pisinosze) ae cca iat ee ; AWE cage I DWYER, J. D., & HAYDEN, M. V., The Rubiaceae ae Cerro hci Panama ... iat. 5 REED, C. F., & ROBINSON, H., C ontribution to the bryophytes Sf Thailand, Wega) seis ede 3 | MOLDENKE, H. A., Additional notes on the genus Avicennia. Ill. . . 71 Published by Harold N. Moldenke and Alma L. Moldenke 303 Parkside Road, Plainfield, New Jersey 07060 U.S.A. q Price of this number, $1; per volume, $6.75, in advance, or $7 at close of volume ON PARAPHALAENOPSIS Alex D. Hawkes In 1963, I established the genus Paraphalaenopsis (in Orquidea 25: 212), to accommodate three attractive epiphytic orchids pre- viously contained in Phalaenopsis Bl. These terete-leaved plants have been utilized to a considerable extent in critical mul- tigeneric hybridization. The serious orchid breeders who have in the past worked with these Paraphalaenopsis by and large ag- ree with my decision to segregate the trio of species from Pha- laenopsis Bl. Several of my learned orchidological colleagues have as well recognized the new genus. In a recent paper, however, Dr. R. E. Holttum (in Orch. Rev. 74: 290), has described a new natural hybrid orchid, pur- portedly of wild origin and imported from Indonesia, as a Pha- laenopsis. This is puzzling, since in previous publications, he has indicated his dissatisfaction with the retention of these ter- ete-leaved species, with all of their floral aberrancies, in that genus. I do not consider this orchid to be correctly placed in Pha- laenopsis of Blume, as it is currently delimited, and propose, therefore, the following new status for it: PARAPHALAENOPSIS x THORNTONI (Holttum) A. D. Hawkes, comb. nov. (Phalaenopsis x Thorntonii Holttum in Orch. Rev. 74: 291. Beery) The type specimen reposes in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, at Kew. It was obtained from a commercial orchidist in Florida, who has assured Holttum that the plant was imported from Indonesian Borneo ( = Kalimantan). Holttum indicates that this is a natural hybrid between what most of us term Paraphalaenopsis Denevei (J. J.Sm.) A. D. Haw- kes and P. serpentilingua (J. J.Sm.) A.D. Hawkes, and, further, comments that "I note that Mrs. Gracia Lewis has given the grex name Sunny to the offspring of the artificial hybrid P. de- nevei X P. serpentilingua. This does not invalidate the pres - ent name x thorntonii, which is based on a particular type spe- cimen, and, as noted above, is probably not a first cross be- tween the two postulated parent species." STUDIES IN THE EQUITANT ONCIDIUMS W.W.G. Moir and Alex D. Hawkes * Introductory Notes Oncidium Sw. section Equitantia Ldl. (Orchidaceae), the very popular Equitant Oncidiums of horticulture, consists of some twenty-two species, with innumerable forms from various loca- tions amongst their insular distribution. There are about a do- zen distinct varieties of these species, and several obvious na- tural hybrids. Because of this extensive natural hybridization, it becomes es- sential to know what hybrids manufactured by man look like to be positive of the determinations of the plants found in nature. The senior author has collected these Oncidium species, their formas, their varieties, and their natural hybrids over a period of twenty years in the Greater Antilles; he has as yet not had the opportu- nity to search for them in the Lesser Antilles, where several in- teresting entities occur. This group of Oncidiums exists naturally only in the West In- dies, including the Bahamas, and in South Florida. All past rec- ords of collections made in South America and Central America are to be considered most doubtful, since no preserved herbarium Specimens authenticate these, insofar as we are aware. The species are in general endemic to each island, or group of islands, such as the Bahamas, the Virgins, or the islets around Antigua. Oncidium variegatum (Sw.) Sw., however, the type spe- cies of the section, does exist on several of the Antillean islands, and thus gives rise to development of a number of forms. These are quite easily recognized when in flower; all possess a crest on the labellum which is the same. A group of species with highly colored leaves, in which antho- cyanin is strongly developed, occurs in Jamaica, and a similar in- stance is to be found in Antigua. Another factor common to these is their compact growth habit. The Jamaican species of this group * Associate Editor, Na Pua Okika O Hawaii Nei, P. O. Box 2298, Honolulu, Hawaii 96804, and Editor, The Orchid Weekly, P. O. Box 435, Coconut Grove, Florida 33133, respectively. 2 1967 Moir & Hawkes, Equitant Oncidiums 3 are Oncidium pulchellum Hk., O. tetrapetalum (Jacq. ) Willd., O. berenyce Rchb.f., O. triquetrum (Sw.) R.Br., and O. gauntlettii Withner & Jesup. There are also many natural hybrids amongst the first three named, and their progeny has again hybridized to form great natural hybrid swarms in certain isolated spots on the island. The group similar to O. variegatum (Sw.) Sw. in flower col- or and general vegetative appearance all have long rhizomes be- tween the fan-shaped growths. These are O. bahamense Nash, O. sylvestre Ldl., and O. velutinum Ldl. All are much strong- er in growth than O. variegatum (Sw.) Sw., and are tetraploids, but not of O. variegatum, since the type of growth and details of the crest on the labellum are distinctly different. Then, too, in the case of O. bahamense Nash, the leaves possess a high devel- opment of anthocyanin and are erect and semi-terete. Similar in basic vegetative appearance to O. variegatum (Sw. ) Sw., but with very tiny growths and flowers of totally different character is the new O. hawkesianum Moir, from Cuba. Nearly all the other species of this Equitant Oncidium alliance belong in an assemblage of plants producing compact, small growths, comprised of heavy leaves. There are no appreciable rhizomes between vegetative growths, when present these being extremely abbreviated. O. intermedium Bertero is the type spe- cies for this group, and its square, ''bulldog-nose"'-like type of labellum crest is found in various forms in this alliance. The greatest and horticulturally most attractive variations in O. in- termedium Bertero occur in Haiti. Formas which flower at dif- ferent times of the year are to be found in the Dominican Repub- lic and in Haiti, and there are, as well, two or three distinct va- rieties. : Oncidium lucayanum Nash, from the northern Bahamas, oO. prionochilum Krzl. from the Virgin Islands, and O. haitiense Leonard & Ames and O. quadrilobum C. Schweinf. from both Haiti and the Dominican Republic, are all incorporated inthis group, but none could in any way be considered referable to forms of O. intermedium Bertero. fa In Hispaniola there are others of these Oncidiums whose habit is compact as inthe O. intermedium group, but their vegetative manner is different, and the all-important details of the crests of the labella are widely divergent. O. henekenii Schomb. ex Ldl. has a large flat disk-like crest; O. tuerckheimii Cgn. grows up- side down and occurs at high elevations for the Equitant Oncidiums, where it even withstands occasaional frost; O. compressicaule h Pie YoTeOpinOrGak A Vol. 15, no. 1 Withner is found at medium elevations, and in many ways does not appear to belong in this group; and O. arizajulianum With- ner and Jimenez, a most recently-described plant. Most of these Equitant Oncidiums grow in areas of limited rain- fall. Several of them (O. henekenii, O. quadrilobum, O. hai- tiense, and a forma of O. variegatum) occur under arid condi- tions among thorn bushes, cacti, often with xerophytic bromeli- ads (Tillandsia spp.). At the other extreme, we find O. sylves- tre, which occurs in the pine forests at high elevations (6000 ft. ), where they live in the grass and fallen pine needles. These or- chids are very hardy, and have changed to different "host" plants when the light forest and shrubbery is cleared off. In Haiti, O. variegatum grows on lantana on the roadside, as well as in cit- rus trees; O. velutinum prefers calabash trees (Crescentia Cujete L.); and O. intermedium now prefers both coffee trees and lantana at elevations of around 2000 feet. Each species in this Equitant Oncidium aggregation possess- es a very characteristic crest on the labellum of the flower, each one distinctly different from its related taxa. The details of this crest remain the same, no matter how the size, shape, and color of the flowers may vary due to location on the various islands. Articles pertinent to the present study have been published by the senior author in the following periodicals: American Orchid Society Bulletin 28: 896. 1959 (with two il- lustrations inverted through editorial error). Pacific Orchid Society Bulletin 17: 64 - 80. 1959, with colored plate. Florida Orchidist 5: 142 - 152. 1962, but unfortunately the il- lustrations here are improperly captioned by the editors. American Orchid Society Bulletin 35: 45. 1966. Checklist of the Equitant Oncidiums The following is a listing of the taxa of Oncidium Sw. section Equi- tantia Ldl. which at the present time are considered valid by the au- thors. This should, however, be considered a preliminary roster, since subsequent exploration of the habitat region and critical re- search will doubtless add in considerable degree to it. For the convenience of the reader, the taxa are indicated in al- phabetical sequence. 1967 Moir & Hawkes, Equitant Oncidiums 5 QO. arizajulianum Withner & Jiménez in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 36: 220, with pl. page 218 (there confusingly cap- tioned ''Oncidium arizae Withner & Jiménez"). 1967. O. bahamense Nash ex Britt. & Millsp., Baham. Fl. 97.1920. O. berenyce Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeit. 20: 215. 1862, as berenice. O. compressicaule Withner in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 35: 719. 1966, as compressicaulis. QO. x floride-phillipsae Moir & Hawkes, infra. (O. prionochi- lum Krzl. X QO. variegatum (Sw.) Sw. var. purpureum Moir & Hawkes) QO. gauntlettii Withner & Jesup in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 33: 461. 1964. . gundlachii C. Wright ex Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 266. 1866. 5 haitiense Leonard & Ames ex Ames, Orchid. 7: 159. 1922. O. hawkesianum Moir, infra. O. henekenii Schomb. ex Ldl., Fol. Orch. Oncid. 11. 1855. O. intermedium Bertero ex Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 728. 1826. - var. alborubrum Moir & Hawkes, infra. - var. album Moir & Hawkes, infra. O. x jamaicense Moir & Hawkes, infra. (O. pulchellum Hk. X O. tetrapetalum (Jacq. ) Willd. ) O. leiboldii Rchb.f. in Walp., Ann. 6: 718. 1863. - var. album Moir & Hawkes, infra. - var. majus Moir & Hawkes, infra. O. lemonianum Ldl. in Bot. Reg. eg. 21: plo 789. 18352 O. lucayanum Nash ex Britt. & Millsp., Baham. Fl. 98. 1920. O. osmentii Withner in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 36: 220, pl. 1967. O. prionochilum Krzl. in Engl., Pflanzenr. IV, 50: 233. 1922. O. pulchellum Hk. in Bot. Mag. pl. 2773. 1827. O. quadrilobum C. Schweinf. in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 14: 476. 1946. O. x sanctae-anae Moir & Hawkes, infra. (O. berenyce Rchb.f. X O. pulchellum Hk. ) O. sylvestre Ldl. in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. II, 1: 332. 1858. O. tetrapetal tetrapetalum (Jacq.) Willd., Spec. Pl. 4: 112. 1806. O. triquetrum (Sw.) R. Br. in Ait. , Hort. Kew.,ed.2, 5: 216. 1813. O. tuerckheimii Cgn. in Urb., Syoiy: Amt, FORE. “1912. O. urophyllum I urophyllum Lodd. ex Ldl. in Bot. Reg. 28: pl. 54. 1842. O. usneoides Ldl. in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. I, 1: 333. 1858. O. variegatur variegatum (Sw.) Sw. in Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 21: 240. 1800. - var. album Moir & Hawkes, infra. - var. purpureum Moir & Hawkes, infra. - var. roseum Moir & Hawkes, infra. O. velutinum Ldl. in Paxt., Flow. Gard. 1: 166. 1851. 6 PIL pYaP OuleOuGat Vol. 15, no. 1 O. x withnerianum Moir, infra. (O. berenyce Rchb.f. X O. tet- rapetalum (Jacq. ) Willd. ) ONCIDIUM x FLORIDE - PHILLIPSAE Moir & Hawkes, nat. hybr. noy. (O. prionochilum Krzl. X QO. variegatum (Sw.) Sw. var. purpureum Moir & Hawkes) Habitu inter parentiis intermedium, differt in amplitudinis col- orisque floribus. Pseudobulbs absent. Leaves to 8 in number, rigid, broadly lan- ceolate, acuminate, cartilaginous, serrate marginally, mostly falcat three-sided, the upper edges canaliculate with groove deepest at center, 6 - 8 cm long, 8 - 15 mm broad at middle. Scape in- itially erect, later arching under weight of first flowers, and still later producing adventitious plantlets at joints of peduncle below flowers, up to 80 cm long; bracts small, triangular. Flo- wers of most unusual coloration— purple on reverse, and yellow with purple edges on frontal surface, this side similar to the color of O. prionochilum Krzl., with the marginal markings of the other parent. Dorsal sepal oblong, 8 - 10mm long, 2 - 3mm broad, mostly yellow frontally, and purple behind. Late- ral sepals connate into a synsepal, slightly longer than dorsal. Petals obovate to cuneate, acute 8 - 10mm long, 4-6 mm broad at a point three-quarters from apex, yellow with distinct purple margin. Lip with small oblong, slightly reflexed lateral lobes, rounded at apex, 4 - 5mm long; separating these from the lower lobes is an isthmus of 5 - 6mm length and 1.2 cm width, this bearing a crest whichis a combination of both pa- rents, in 3 series; the two lower lobes large, quadrate, each 2cm in diameter, the length from base to apex of lip 2.7 cm, the breadth similar, the color a yellow pattern of O. priono- chilum Krzl. superimposed on the purple of the other parent, so that the sharply dentate edge of its lip shows clearly on the margin of purple surrounding it. Column-wings large, acute at apex, extending above the anther-cap. VIRGIN ISLANDS: St. Thomas: Water Isle, in harbor of Charlotte Amalie, in shrubs and on mossy humus on the ground, alt. about 25 feet, summer 1963, Walter Phillips s.n., flower- ing in cultivation, Honolulu, 1966 (Type in Herbarium of Bishop Museum). This striking natural hybrid, the most unusual one in this section of Oncidium known to date by the authors, is complete- ly intermediate between the two parents, except for dimensions 1967 Moir & Hawkes, Equitant Oncidiums 7 and coloration of the flowers. The influence of O. variegatum (Sw.) Sw. var. purpureum Moir & Hawkes is at once apparent, with the yellow hue of O. prionochilum Krzl. evident only on the anterior face of the flower. Oncidium x floride-phillipsae is named to honor Floride Phillips, the wife of the original collector of this unique orchid on his own property at Water Isle. ONCIDIUM HAWKESIANUM Moir, sp. noy. Planta parvissima, caespitosis effucis producta. Floribus in- ter sectione generis distinctis. Plant very small for the genus, 2 - 3 cm tall. Pseudobulbs ab- sent. Rhizomes 10 - 20 cm in length, wirey, 1 mm in diameter, arising from leaf-axils and forming a mass of growths extending in all directions. Leaves short and fat, to 2 - 2.5 cm long and 8 mm broad, cultrate, compressed, canaliculate, oblong, obtusely acute, towards apex of individual leaf-fans more heavily denticulate than below on each. Inflorescences slender, erect, 8 cm long, racemose, with 2 - 4 flowers; floral bracts very small. Flowers with se- pals and petals greenish with pink flush, the lip bright pink, with the crest dark yellow. Dorsal sepal lanceolate, clawed at base, apiculate, 5 - 6mm long and 1mm broad. Lateral sepals con- nate to form a synsepal hidden behind the lip. Petals oblong, rounded-apiculate, 6 - 7mm long and 2mm broad. Lip con- vex, with lower lobes reflexed at sides to give the appearance of a half-tube or of a full skirt; lower lobes 1 cm in diameter from crest, with apex slightly sinuate; upper lobes minute, rounded, the isthmus between both sets of lobes short and nar- row; crest rich yellow, with tubercles in 2 series, the center projection of lower series the most prominent. Column-wings small, scimitar-shaped, acute, denticulate to entire. CUBA: Oriente: Northern coast, but precise locality not known. Flowering in cultivation, Honolulu, 1953, Moir s. n. (Type in Herbarium of Bishop Museum). This unique species, among the most diminutive of all mem- bers of the genus Oncidium Sw., does not appear to be allied to any species heretofore described. Its growth is somewhat rem- iniscent of a very miniature form of O. variegatum (Sw. ) Sw., from which it is at once distinguished by its rampant clump- forming habit and by both structure and coloration of the attrac- tive flowers. 8 PEL Y Ty OnLyOxGut A Vol. 15, no. 2 Oncidium hawkesianum is named, with pleasure, to honor my very good friend, the junior author of this study, whose works are well known to orchidists and orchidologists in all parts of the world. ONCIDIUM INTERMEDIUM Bertero ex Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 5) (aos eUsZ2o. The typical species occurs extensively in Hispaniola, both in Haiti and the Dominican Republic, growing as an epiphyte on small trees in dry shrubby areas, seldom at altitudes exceeding 2000 feet. Marked variations occur among flowering periods of O. in- termedium and its variants in the wild. The smaller forms bloom during the spring months in Eastern Hispaniola, e.g., at El Sei- bo, D.R. The medium-sized forms produce their flowers during the summertime in the central part of the island, e.g., San José de las Matas and Cabral. And the largest forms flower during the autumn months in Haiti, e.g., southwest of Grenier. These characteristics are maintained even when the plants are removed to far-distant places, and all are grown under one climatic condi- tion, as in the senior author's collection at 'Lipolani'' in Hono- lulu. Through artificial hybridization, the forms from Central Hispaniola and the western part of the island, Haiti, combined, produce still further increases in floral but not vegetative di- mensions. We presently consider the following two variants of Oncidium intermedium worthy of botanical establishment: ONCIDIUM INTERMEDIUM Bertero ex Spreng. var. ALBORU- BRUM Moir & Hawkes, var. noy. Differt a forma typica planta dimidia compacta, floribus di- midia, sepalis petalisque albis, labello aurantiaco. Similar in growth habit and shape to the typical species, but plant half-size, about 5 cm tall, more compact, with inflores- cences 10 - 20 cm tall, with flowers half the size, and averaging about 10 per inflorescence. Sepals and petals are white, while the lip is orangey-red. HISPANIOLA: Haiti and the Dominican Republic (the variety occurs in both countries), near Dajaboén in D.R. and southwest of Grenier in Haiti, epiphyte, alt. 100 - 1800 feet, 1958, flowering in cultivation, Honolulu, 1963. (Type in Herbarium of Bishop Mu- seum). 1967 Moir & Hawkes, Equitant Oncidiums 9 Natural hybrids occur, in Haiti, Département de la Quest, be- tween the typical species and this handsome var. alborubrum, in which white, red, yellow, and patterned parts are found mixed amongst sepals, petals, and labella. ONCIDIUM INTERMEDIUM Bertero ex Spreng. var. ALBUM Moir & Hawkes, var. nov. Differt a forma typica planta dimidia, floribus dimidia albis, in crista labello flava ornata. Similar in growth habit to the typical species, but half the size, about 5 cm tall, with flowers half the size, fewer in number, borne on inflorescences 10 - 20 cm tall. Sepals, petals, and lip are all pure white, with only a touch of yellow on the crest of the lip. HISPANIOLA: Haiti: in area southwest of Grenier, growing as epiphyte on lantana, collected by William Osment of Holly- wood, Florida, 1966. ONCIDIUM x JAMAICENSE Moir & Hawkes, nat. hybr. nov. (O. pulchellum Hk. X O. tetrapetalum (Jacq.) Willd. ) Habitu inter parentiis intermedium, floribus intermediis, variabilis. Pseudobulbs absent. Growth compact, as in both parents, closer to that of O. tetrapetalum (Jacq.) Willd., the leaves 6 - 10 in number, lanceolate, acute, canaliculate, rigid, to 15 cm long and 3 mm broad, the margins slightly denticulate. Inflo- rescence erect, the scape to 40 cm tall, racemose; floral bracts narrowly triangular, membranaceous, 3 mm long; pedicel with ovary variable in length from 1.5 - 3.5 cm long. Flowers showy, all segments variable in color from white to pink with markings of dull reddish-brown on sepals, petals, and isthmus of the lip. Dorsal sepal oblong, narrowing considerably toward base, acute. Lateral sepals connate into a concave, oblong, obtuse synsepal with a 2-apiculate tip, this segment hidden by the lip; all sepals 8 mm long, or the synsepal often somewhat longer. Petals obov- ate, obtuse to shortly apiculate, marginally crenulate, 1 cm long and 6 mm broad. Lip 4-lobed, the anterior pair of lobes squa- rish, retrorse, the extension of the isthmus upwards broader at top than bottom; lobes of midlobe varying from slightly reflexed to slightly concave, broad, reniform, deeply emarginate apical- ly, undulate; lip white to pink (never rose, asin O. pulchellum Hk.), 1.5 cm long and 1 - 2 cm broad at widest point; crest yellow, composed of 5 tubercles, of which the median one in the lower set is most prominent. Column-wings large, scimitar- shaped, acute, denticulate. 10 PAR LP Odnouend “& Vol. 15, now. 1 JAMAICA: Mostly near Brownstown, epiphytic in dry forest on short trees, alt. 1500 feet, 1955, flowering in cultivation, Hon- olulu, 1967, Moir s.n. (Type in Herbarium of Bishop Mugeum). This striking natural hybrid is not widespread in Jamaica, be- ing known to date principally in St. Ann Parish. Its flowers vary in coloration, depending apparently on whether the O. pulchellum parent had blossoms of light rose or dark rose hue. Oncidium jamaica is designated as a natural hybrid, with the Same parentage, on page 571 of Sander's One-Table List of Orchid Hybrids 1946 - 1960, Volume 1 (May 1961), and on pages 573 and 574 of the same work, it is listed as Oncidium Jamaica, with an ini- tial capital letter. Moir states: ''I had named my hybrid Oncidium jamaica (O. pulchellum Hk. X O. tetrapetalum (Jacq.) Willd.) and was about to register it as that when I showed this to David San- der at the 2nd World Orchid Conference. So he decided to put the fact in the Sander's One-Table List." ONCIDIUM LEIBOLDII Rchb.f. The typical species occurs in Cuba and Puerto Rico, but not in the Dominican Republic nor in the Bahamas, though it has been suggested through misidentification from both areas by casual students in the recent literature. We consider the following two varieties worthy of validation botanically at this point in our studies: ONCIDIUM LEIBOLDII Rchb.f. var. ALBUM Moir & Hawkes, var. nov. Differt a forma typica planta dimidia, foliis tenuis erectis, habitu compactis. Floribus albis, in crista labello flava ornata. Plant half as large as typical species, the leaves even more slender and more erect, and the habit more compact. Flowers similar in size to typical species, pure white, except for some yellow on the crest of the labellum. CUBA: Precise locality unknown. Flowering in cultivation, Honolulu, 1967, Moir s.n. (Type in Herbarium of Bishop Mu- seum). ONCIDIUM LEIBOLDID Rchb.f. var. MAJUS Moir & Hawkes, var. nov. Differt a forma typica planta bis majoribus, maculis floribus plus intensis. 1967 Moir & Hawkes, Equitant Oncidiums 1 Plant twice the dimensions of the typical species, the leaves exceptionally sharp-pointed. Inflorescences numerous, many- flowered. Flowers somewhat larger than those of the typical spe- cies, the brown markings on the segments of more intense hue. HABITAT UNKNOWN: Flowering in cultivation, Honolulu, 1966, Moir s.n. (Type in Herbarium of Bishop Museum). ONCIDIUM x SANCTAE-- ANAE Moir & Hawkes, nat. hybr. nov. (O. berenyce Rchb.f. X O. pulchellum Hk. ) Habitu inter parentiis intermedium, floribus intermediis, va- riabilis. Pseudobulbs absent. Growth compact as in both parents. Leaves with high development of anthocyanin, giving them a pur- ple-green hue, fleshy, lanceolate, rounded in cross-section, ac- ute, canaliculate, somewhat complicate, slightly denticulate, up to 12 cm long and 1 cm broad. Inflorescence 30 - 80 cm long, pendent, racemose at first, paniculate on second flowering near plant; floral bracts triangular, up to 3mm long; pedicels with ovary to 2 cm long. Flowers 3 cm long, 2 cm broad, the sepals and petals rose to ruby-colored, with lavender sheen and brown- ish shading, the lip lavender-rose, strongly veined in deeper col- or to with a mask either white with orange dots or brown with red- dish dots. Sepals clawed, lanceolate, the apex concave, acute, 7 - 8mm long and 2 - 3mm broad, the dorsal narrower than the synsepal formed by the two lateral sepals. Petals clawed, ovate, obtuse, the margins strongly crenulate, 8 mm long and 4mm broad. Lip strongly 4-lobed, the lateral lobes rounded, obtuse, retrorse, breadth of lip across these lobes 1.5 - 2 cm; isthmus 1 cm or less,tapered, the margins sometimes denticu- late; anterior lobes (midlobe) large, reniform, slightly concave, slightly projected forward, apically deeply emarginate, the mar- gins undulate, 3 cm long and 3 cm broad; crest 7-parted, the tubercles more blunt than in those of O. berenyce Rchb.f. and paler yellow than in that parent species, otherwise much like it. Column-wings ample, apically acute, semi-falcate, crenulate, rose- to violet-colored. JAMAICA: Near Brownstown, epiphyte in dry deciduous fo- rests in a belt with rainfall averaging less than 75 inches per an- num, alt. 1500 - 2000 feet, 1955, flowering in cultivation, Hono- lulu, 1967, Moir s.n. (Type in Herbarium of Bishop Museum). Repeated collections in St. Ann Parish, coupled with repeat- 12 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 15, no. 1 ed hybridization between O. pulchellum Hk. and O. berenyce Rchb.f. under cultivation at ''Lipolani'’ in Honolulu have pro- duced consistent, identical flowers of this singularly attractive natural hybrid Oncidium. ONCIDIUM x WITHNERIANUM Moir, nat. hybr. nov. (O. be- renyce Rchb.f. X O. tetrapetalum (Jacq. ) Willd. ) Habitu inter parentiis intermedium, floribus intermediis, variabilis. Pseudobulbs absent. Growth compact as in both parents, highly anthocyanic. Leaves semi-terete, canaliculate, lanceo- late, acute, to 12 cm long. Inflorescence pendent, 30 cm long or less, racemose, few- to many-flowered; floral bracts small, triangular; pedicellate ovary to 1.5 cm long. Flowers measur- ing 2cm X 1.2 cm, the sepals and petals pale pink with brown markings, the lip pale pink, the isthmus covered with a mask of brown and pink. Sepals slightly clawed, lanceolate, acute, the dorsal 7 - 8 mm long and 3 mm broad, 2-apiculate. Petals slightly clawed, ovate, obtuse, the margins lightly crenulate, 8 mm long, to 4mm broad near apex. Lip 4-lobed, the lateral lobes small, obtuse; isthmus broad, tapering from lateral lobes to base below crest, sometimes denticulate; anterior lobes reni- form, with emarginate apex, 2 cm across and 1.5 cm long; crest 7-parted, the tubercles not as sharp-pointed as in O. berenyce Rchb.f. Column-wings semi-falcate, pink to violet in color. JAMAICA: Near Brownstown, epiphyte in dry deciduous fo- rests in a belt with rainfall averaging less than 75 inches per an- num, alt. 1500 - 2000 feet, 1955, flowering in cultivation, Hono- lulu, 1967, Moir s.n. (Type in Herbarium of Bishop Museum). This is one of many hybrids, along with O. x jamaicense Moir & Hawkes and O. x sanctae-anae Moir & Hawkes, supra, to be encountered in the vicinity of Brownstown, St. Ann Parish, Jamaica, where the three component species— Oncidium bere- nyce Rchb.f., O. pulchellum Hk., and O. tetrapetalum (Jacq. ) Willd. — until recent years occurred in great numbers. The new natural hybrid is named for Carl L. Withner, of Brooklyn College, who has uniquely published on the Equitant Oncidiums in recent years. ADDITIONAL MATERIALS TOWARD A MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS CALLICARPA. VII Harold N. Moldenke CALLICARPA L. Additional synonymy: Callicarppa Mak. apud Liu, Illustr. Nat. & Introd. Lign. Pl. Taiwan 2: 1208, sphalm. 1962. Additional & emended bibliography: J. Matsum., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 3: 318. 1889; A. S. Hitche., Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. }: 118. 1893; C. B. Clarke in J. Schmidt, Bot. Tidsskr. 26: 171— 172. 1904; Shirasawa, Nippon Shinrin Jumoku Dzufu [Icon. Ess. Forest. Jap.] 2: pl. 70, fig. 1--27. 1908; Yabe, Indust. Mat. Bur. Agr. S. Wanch. Ry. Co. 12: [Fl. Tsingtau] 96. 1919; Nakai, Trees & Shrubs Indig. Jap., ed. 1, 336. 1922; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 1, 633 & 80h, (1924) and pr. 2, 633 & 80). 1925; Makino & Tanaka, Man. Fl. Nipp. fig. 187. 1927; Terasaki, Nippon Shokubutsu Zufu [Jap. Bot. Illustr. Album] fig. 1592. 1933; Tu, Chinese Bot. Dict., abrdg. ed., 310 & 1103. 1933; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 3, 633 & 80. 1938; Makino, Ill. Fl. Nippon fig. 560. 1940; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. k, 633 & 80h (1941), pr. 5, 633 & 804 (19h), and ed. 2, Bhy & 1045. 1949; E. He Walker, Bibliog. East. Asiat. Bot. Suppl. 1: 235. 1960; Diaconescu, Lucra. Grad. Bot. Bucarest. [Act. Bot. Hort. Bucarest.] 1960: 361--363. 1960; Liu, Illustr. Nat. & In- trod. Lign. Pl. Taiwan 2: 1202--1212, pl. 1010-~1020. 1962; Rolla, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 5: 188 & 205. 1963; Srinivasan & Agarwal, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 5: 86. 1963; Deb, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 5: 53. 1963; H. L. Hoffman, Castanea 29: 31. 196; T. A. Rao, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 6: 7, 48, & 54. 196; Balak- krishnan, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 6: 82 & 86--87. 196); Panigrahi, Chowdhury, Raju, & Deka, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 6: 239 & 255. 1964; Sen & Naskar, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 7: 38. 1965; E. E. Lord, Shrubs & Trees Austral. Gard., rev. ed., 250. 1964; Rao & Joseph, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 7: 139 & 149. 1965; Mukerjee, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 7: 135. 1965; Rodgers & Shake, Castanea 30: 163. 1965; J. E. Moore, Castanea 30: 26. 1965; Reese & Thieret, Castanea 31: 253 & 27). 1966; Kawazu & Mitsui, Tetra- hedron Lett. 30: 3519--352h. 1966; J. S. Beard, Descrip. Cat. W. Austr. Pl. 91. 1966; Anon., Biol. Abstr. 47 (21): S.28 & S.166. 1966; Hellyer, Shrubs in Colour 20--[21]. 1966; Moldenks, P logia 1h: 218-256. 1967; Wayside Gardens [Cat.] 1967: lho & 22h. 1967; Mellinger, Castanea 31: 311. 1967; Van Steenis-Kruseman, Fl. Males. Bull. ): L. 1967. The Makino & Tanaka (1927) reference cited above is sometimes cited as "Fl. Jap. fig. 187. 1928", but the publication is not so listed by Walker in his classic Bibliography of Eastern Asiatic Botany (1960). 13 1 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 15, now 1 CALLICARPA ACUMINATA H.B.K. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 219. 1967. Barr describes this plant as a "shrub with bright-green foli- age", fruiting in October; King reports it as "not common" in Oaxaca, growing in loam in open sun. The corollas are described as "white" on R. M. King 900 and as "cream-white" on King, Gueva- ra, & Forero-G. 6018, There is a wood voucher accompanying the last—mentioned collection. Additional citations: MEXICO: Oaxaca: R. M. King 900 (Mi). Vera Cruz: R. J. Barr 63-537 [W. E. Niles 265] (Du--506323). GUA- TEMALA: Alta Verapaz: R. M. King 335), (Du—l4530). COLOMBIA: Tolima: King, Guevara, & Forero~G. 6018 (W-—266996) . CALLICARPA AMERICANA L. Additional bibliography: L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 1, 633 & 80h (192h), pr. 2, 633 & 804 (1925), pr. 3, 633 & 80h (1938), pr. k, 633 & 804 (1941), pr. 5, 633 & 80h (194k), and ed. 2, Sli, & 1045. 1949; H. L. Hoffman, Castanea 29: 31. 196; E. E. Lord, Shrubs & Trees Austral. Gard., rev. ed., 250. 19643 J. E. Moore, Castanea 30: 26. 1965; Rodgers & Shake, Castanea 30: 163. 1965; Reese & Thieret, Castanea 31: 253 & 27h. 1966; Mellinger, sees 31: 311. 1967; Moldenke, Phytologia 14: 219—-220 & 255. 1967. Dunean describes this plant as 8 feet tall, with a broad rounded crown, the corolla pink-purple, and the anthers yellow, growing in generally open areas beneath dense live oak woods. Rodgers & Shake (1965) report the species as "occasional near streams" in Transylvania County, North Carolina, and Oconee County, South Carolina; Mellinger (1967) describes it as an as- sociate of Pinckneya pubens in Effingham County, Georgia; while Reese & Thieret (1966) report it from the Five Islands in Iberia and Saint Mary Parishes, Louisiana, where it grows with Ilex vomitoria as the conspicuous understory in woods of Carya species, Magnolia grandiflora, and Quercus virginiana on relatively well- drained flat to sloping forested areas. Lord (196) records it as cultivated in Australia. Additional citations: GEORGIA: Sapelo Island: W. H. Duncan 20155 (S). FLORIDA: Monroe Co.: A. Re Moldenke 1387 (Rf). LOUIS- IANA: Evangeline Par.: Ewan 19342 (Rf). TEXAS: Cass Co.: Harris & Roach 249 (Du--355203). CALLICARPA AMERICANA var. LACTEA F. J. Muller Additional synonymy: Callicarpa americana f. alba Ewan, in herb. Additional bibliography: L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pre 1, 633 (192k), pr. 2, 633 (1925), pr. 3, 633 (1938), pr. h, 633 (1941), pr. 5, 633 (19h), and ed. 2, Bh & 1045. 1949; Mol- denke, Phytologia 13: 470 & hO4—-l\97. 1966. Ewan describes the fruit of the variety as "snow-white" and re- ports the plant growing with the usual form near St. Landry, about 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 15 one mile northeast of Chilcot State Park, collected on September 13, 1958. "additional citations: LOUISIANA: Evangeline Par.: Ewan 19360 (Z). CALLICARPA ANGUSTA Schau. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 220 & 225 (1967) and 15: 17 & 19. 1967. This plant has been collected in anthesis in February, July to October, and in December, and in fruit from December to March. Material has been misidentified and distributed in herbaria under the name C. canna. On the other hand, the Ahern 811 [25] and Loher lj), distributed as C. angusta, are actually C. bicolor A. L. Juss., Ahern 662 is C. formosana Rolfe, and Foxworthy s.n. {Herb, Philip. Bur. Sci. 719] is C. rivularis Merr. The Kollman sn. (Java, 1838], previously referred to typical C. longifolia Lan., is actually C. longifolia f. floccosa Schau. ~The E. De Merrill 41, cited b below, was previously incorrectly cited by me as C. erioclona Schau. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Culién: E. D. Merrill 41 (N, W--435411). Luzon: Ahern's collector s.n. [Herb. Philip. Fo Forest. Bur. 1888] (W—625970); Me Ramos s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 1030] (W~—626451), s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 772h] (W—-629299); Ramos & Edafio s.n. ~ (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 26367] (W--137517k); Reillo s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 19265] (W—-900601). Mindoro: “Merritt 8. s.n. [Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 8788] (W--709166). CALLICARPA ANOMALA Ridl. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 13: 501. 1966. The identity of this plant has now been established. The name is a synonym of Geunsia anomala Ridl. The taxon is to be excluded fron Callicarp ‘ CALLICARPA ARBOREA Roxb. Additional bibliography: Rolla, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 5: 188 & 205. 1963; Balakkrishnan, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 6: 87. 1964; Pani- grahi, Chowdhury, Raju, & Deka, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 6: 239 & 255. 96h; Mukerjee, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 7: 135. 1965; Rao & Jo- seph, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 7: 139 & 149. 1965; Sen & Naskar, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 7: 38. 1965; Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 220, 235, 243, 245, & 26. 1967. Boeea found this plant growing in marsh land and swamp forest in Sumatra. Mukerjee (1965) states that C. arborea, along with Maca- ranga denticulata Muell.-Arg. and Trema a orientalis Wall., are y the most invasive trees on the savannas of the Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal. Rao & Joseph (1965) tell us that it is found in the tropical and subtropical evergreen forests of Hopea, Terminalia, and Dipterocarpus in the Northeast Frontier Agency ency of India. Rolla 16 PHYTOLOGIA vol. 15, noes (1963) reports that C. arborea grows in the subtropical 900-1800 m. association with Phoebe, Castanopsis, and Lagerstroemia. Pmi- grahi and his associated a Ginore (1964) record it from Orissa. The corollas are described as "lavender—pink" on M. S. Clemens 10788. ~~ Material of C. arborea has been misidentified and distributed in herbaria under the name C. magna Schau. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Mindanao: M. S. Clemens 1156 (W--709630). Paragua: E. D. Merrill 801 (W—-,35771). INDONESIA: GREATER SUNDA ISLANDS: Su- matra: | He BE? Bartlett 648 (Mi, W--1551599); Bartlett & LaRue 361 (W—-1053957) ; Boeea B2hb (1 (Mi); Krukoff 349 (W—1702650); Toro Toroes 1045 (Mi), 3646 6 (W—1675892) , 436k (W— (W--1676350). MELANESIA: NEW ities Northeastern New Guinea: M M. S. Clemens 10788 (Mi), 10870 P (Mi CALLICARPA ARBOREA var. PSILOCALYX (H. J. Lam) Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 37 & 40--l2 (1966) and 1: 220. 1967. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Luzon: H. M. Curran s.n. [Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 17181] (W--709916); Elmer 9125 (W—-705119), 17575 (W--1237180); M. Ramos 395 (W=-1178293); Sulit s.n. [Philip. Nat. Herb. 37503] (W— 2376635) « CALLICARPA BASILANENSIS Merr. ge cetitones bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: —-l5. 1966. This plant has been found growing in pasture land, flowering in May and August. Santos reports the trunk as 5 inches in di- ameter, the calyx as "light green, yellow", and the corolla as "light—purple". Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Basilan: W. I. Hutchinson s.n. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 612h] (W--706277--cotype) ; Reillo s.n sen. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 15450] (W—71488)); J. V. Santos 172 (W—-22160)9). Mindanao: Ramos & Edafio s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur Bur. Sei. 36737] (W--1260153); C. Be Robinson s.n sen. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 11831] (W—714)85). CALLICARPA BASITRUNCATA Merr. Additional bibliography: E. H. Walker, Bibliog. East. Asiat. Bot. Suppl. 1: 235. 1960; Moldenke, Phytologia 1h: h5—6. 1966. CALLICARPA BICOLOR A. L. Juss. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 220 & 225 (1967) and 15: 15 & 19. 1967. Rogerson describes this plant as a shrub or small tree, 6—10 feet tall. It has been found in anthesis in April, June, and July in addition to the months previously reported, and in fruit 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa ay in June. The corollas are described as "lilac" on C, T. Rogerson 1016. Material has been misidentified and distributed in herbar- ja as C, angusta Schau. and as C. erioclona Schau. The Ahern's collector Sen. - Sen. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 14,84], Elmer 18086, R. Ce. McGregor s. sn. {[Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 12/1], and iad Wabieson & Merritt SM. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 612], cited below, were previously ly incorrectly cited by me as C. erioclona Schau. On the other hand, the Bermejos sen. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 153k], dis- tributed as C. bicolor, is s actually the type collection of var. bermejosi Moldenke. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Bohol: R. C. McGregor s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 121) (N, W—39220), Cebu: J. Ve Barrow sen. (Cebu, 190] (W—628538). Luzon: Ahern 811 (W--L,5880); Ahern Ahern's s collector sen. (Herb. Phil- ip. Forest. Bur. 148] (Bz—1726l, N, W—625934); Elmer 18086 (B2- 17460, Ca—-27077L, N, Ut--67298, W—-1237553) ; Loher Lh (Ww 446885) ; E. D. Merrill 2715. (W—1,37683), 3uL2 (W--43842h) ; Robin- son & Merritt 8.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 612] (N, W--627638) ; C. T. Rogerson . 1016 (W—-19),0693). Mindanao: DeVore & Hoover 175 (wi--L) 906) . Negros: E. D. Merrill 207 (W—-1133075) « CALLICARPA BICOLOR var. BERMEJOSI Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 398--399. 1967. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having its leaf-blades oblong-lanceolate or oblong, 13—16 cm. long, 3--5 cm. wide, conspicuously long-acuminate at both ends, and subentire or obscurely sinuate-crenate along the margins. The type of the variety was collected by J. Bermejos — in whose honor it was named — at Bulalacao, Mindoro, Philippine Is- lands, in August or September, 1906, and is deposited in the Uni- ted States National Herbarium at Washington. The plant has been found in fruit in September, and herbarium material has been mis- identified and distributed in herbaria under the name C. cana L. Citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Co: Coron: M. Ramos s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 41148] (W—1261818). Min- doro: Bermejos s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 1534] (N--isotype, W—1,39473—-type, Z—isotype). CALLICARPA BICOLOR var. SUBINTEGRIFOLIA Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1\: 399. 1967. This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having the margins of its leaf-blades entire or subentire. The type of the variety was collected by Jacinto Ramos at Pan gil, in Laguna Province, Luzon, Philippine Islands, on May 27, 1959, and is deposited in the United States National Herbarium at Washington. It was originally misidentified and distributed in herbaria as C. formosana Rolfe. Citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Luzon: 18 Pu AL) Qs (Oy. Gy ok Vol. 15, noel J. Ramos s.n. [Philip. Nat. Herb. 39880] (W—~2376580——-type, Z— isotype) . CALLICARPA BODINIERI Léveillé Additional synonymy: Callicarpa bodineiri Lord, Shrubs & Trees Austral. Gard., rev. ed., 250, sphalm. 196). Additional bibliography: L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 2, 844 & 1045. 1949; E. E. Lord, Shrubs & Trees Austral. Gard., rev. ed., 250. 196; Hellyer, Shrubs in Colour 20--[21]. 1966; Moldenke, Phytologia ly: 220--221, 225, & 255. 1967; Wayside Guedenn [Cat.] 1967: 140. 1967. The R. C. Ching 5666 and How 71071 cited by me in Phytologia lh: 60 (1966) are actually C. ", japonica var. angustata Rehd. (as stated by me on the preceding - page of that pap er). The MacDaniels s.n. (West Hill, Ithaca, July 10, 19)0], Rehder s.n. [E. H. Wilson 633] & sen. [Arnold Arb., Aug. 8, 1919], and Sears s.n. [Arnold Arb. 6712-1-A], distributed originally as C. bodinieri var. gir- aldii, are actually C. japonica var. angustata Rehd. The Fang 168, cited below, was previously incorrectly cited by me as var. giraldii (Hesse) Rehd, Additional citations: CHINA: Szechuan: Fang 68 (Du-—252638). CALLICARPA BODINIERI var. GIRALDII (Hesse) Rehd. Additional synonymy: Callicarpa bodineiri giraldii Lord, Shrubs & Trees Austral. Gard., rev. ed., 250, sphalm. 196). Additional bibliography: Hand.-Mazz., Ann. Hort. Gothenb. 9: [67], 193k; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 2, 8h & 1045. 199; E. EB. Lord, Shrubs & Trees Austral. Gard., rev. faa 250. 196; Hellyer, Shrubs in Colour 20—[21]. 1966; La Montagne, Bull. Soc. Nat. Hortic. France 1966: 381. 1966; Moldenke, Phytologia 1): es 225, & 255. 1967; Wayside Gardens (Cat. ] 1967: 10. 1967. Additional illustrations: Hellyer, Shrubs in Colour 20 & [21]. 1966; Wayside Gardens [Cat.] 1967: iho {in color]. 1967. Tn the Wayside Gardens reference cited above (1967) this plant is described as follows: "Gracefully recurving branches, covered in August with thousands of closely set, small, pink tinted flowers. These are followed in late September by masses of vio- let-purple berries which last until midwinter. There are few shrubs which give as much pleasure in the garden or which are so satisfactory for cutting. Ultimate height about five feet. We offer nice plants about 18 to 2); inches tall that will bear fruit at once" for $3.25 each, $9.25 for three, or $33.50 per dozen. It is called "Violet Jewel Berry". Lord (196) records it as culti- vated in Australia. The Fang 648 cited by me in a previous installment of these notes is better regarded as typical C. bodinieri Léveillé. CALLICARPA BODINIERI var. LYI (Léveillé) Rehd. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia ly: 51 & 60—6l. 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 19 1966. CALLICARPA BODINIERI var. ROSTHORNII (Diels) Rehd. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 62. 1966. The Ching 5666, distributed as this variety, is actually C. japonica var. angustata Rehd. CALLICARPA BREVIPES (Benth.) Hace Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 221 & 255. 1967. The Weiss 1705, distributed as this species, is actually C. japonica var. angustata Rehd. CALLICARPA BREVIPETIOLATA Merr. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 14: 221. 1967. In addition to the months previously recorded, this plant has been found in fruit in June. Boeea records the additional vernac- ular names "doehoet poene", “mata poene", "si marmata-ni-poene", and "si marpoene-poene". The note appended by someone on the H. H. Bartlett 7408 & 7527 specimens in the University of Michigan herbarium, - to the effect that the scientific name of the species was "ined." in 1966, is entirely incorrect. The name was valid- ly published by Merrill in 1919. Additional citations: INDONESIA: GREATER SUNDA ISLANDS: Suma- tra: H. H. Bartlett 7408 (Mi, W—1)29L75), 7hh1 (Mi), 7527 (Mi, W--1429527); Boeea 7402 (Mi, W—1682102), 1592 (Mi), 7752 (Mi), 8017 (Mi), 9002 02 (Mi); T Toroes 1220 (Mi); H. S. S. Yates 1563 (W-~ 7551289). CALLICARPA CANDICANS (Burm. f.) Hochr. Additional synonymy: Callicarpa canna L., in herb. Additional & emended bibliography: C. B. Clarke in J. Schmidt, Bot. Tidsskr. 26: 171--172. 190); Sen & Naskar, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 7: 38. 1965; Kawazu & Mitsui, Tetrahedron Lett. 30: 3519-- 352. 1966; J. S. Beard, Descrip. Cat. W. Austr. Pl. 91. 1966; Anon., Biol. Abstr. 7 (21): S.28. 1966; Moldenke, Phytologia "ahs 221, 225, 238, 2hh, & 245 (1967) and 15: 15. 1967. Kawazu & Mitsui (1966) report on the extraction of a fish- killing compound, callicarpone, from this plant. An additional vernacular name for the plant reported by Hasskarl (18h) is "katoempang", a name applied also to C. longifolia Lam. and to C. pedunculata R. Br. The E. D. Merrill 41, distributed as C. candicans, is actual- ly ¢. angusta Schau. Schau.; as collector s sen. (Herb. eae Bur. —_— —--——- — ee 612k], and Ce. ss Rogerson 1016 are | are C. '. bicolor i. L. Juss.; ue Ramos s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. ci. 41148) - is C. bicolor var. bermejosi Moldenke; Fénix s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 29884], Loher hlh3, 20 POH YT OF OxGr iva Vol. 15, now. 1 H. Ne Mitford 569, and Wilkes s.n. [Manilla] are C. erioclona [not el ter espe as stated previously]; Kanehira 2203, G. Ce Moore 339, W. L. Necker R.24, and Rodin 599 are C. erioclona var. paucinervia (Merr.) Moldenke; and Baflaga s.: S.n. (Philip. Nat. Herb. 33393] is C. formosana Rolfe. CALLICARPA CANDICANS var. SUMATRANA (Miq.) Moldenke Additional bibliography: C. B. Clarke in J. Schmidt, Bot. Tids- skr. 26: 171--172. 190); Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 221. *1967. CALLICARPA CAUDATA Maxim. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 14: 221—222 & 228-——230. 1967. Williams refers to the fruit of this plant as bluish-purple. It has been found flowering also in February and fruiting in May and October. The Elmer 10375 and E. D. Merrill 7115, distributed as C. cau- data, are re actually Cc. merrillii Moldenke, a species to which this one is very closely r related. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Benguet: Loher 0 (W-—l6882). Luzon: P. T. Barnes s.n. (Herb, Philip. Forest. Bur. 92h] (W—-625102) ; Canicosa s.n. [Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 30020] (W—1527566); Elmer 576 (W--55301h), 5870 (W—853090), 8646 (W—85),68)); E. D. Merrill 1 1613 (W—— 710373); M. Ramos sn. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 2704k] (W-— 137600); RB: Ramos & Edafio sen. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 3781] (W-- 1292135), s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 38025] (W—-1292209), SNe. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 0505] (W--1261518); R. S. Williams 1060 (W—707363). Mindanao: Elmer 11333 (W—-779529). CALLICARPA CAULIFLORA Merr. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 14: 1h—1)5 (1966) and 14: 247. 1967. This species has been collected in fruit in December. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Leyte: M. Ramos s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 150] (W-— 1261993). CALLICARPA CRASSINERVIS Urb. oe bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 222 & 232. 1967. CALLICARPA CUNEIFOLIA Britton & P. Wils. : pee aes bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia ly: 222 & 232. 9676 CALLICARPA DICHOTOMA (Lour.) K. Koch Additional bibliography: Hayata, Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 21 30 (1): [Mater. Fl. Formos.] 222. 1911; L. H. Bailey, hian. Cult. PiL., 6d. lL, prs 1, 633'& 60) (192)) and pr. 2, 633 & 80h. 1925; Hand. -Mazz., Ann. Hort. aay 9: [67]. 1933. Ls He Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. af pr. 3, 633 & 804 (1938), pr. h, 633 & 804 (191), pr. 5, 633 & Boh (19hh), and ed. 2, 84h & 10h5. 1949; Liu, Tllustr. Nat. & Introd. Lign. Pl. Taiwan 2: 1203, pl. 1011. 1962; E. E. Lord, Shrubs & Trees, Austral. Gard., rev. ed., 250. 196); Hellyer, Shrubs in Colour 20. 1966; Moldenke, Phytologia 1h: 222, 223, 225, 29, & 254—256. 1967. Additional illustrations: Liu, Illustr. Nat. & Introd. Lign. Pl. Taiwan 2: pl. 1011. 1962. Liu (1962) recommends the common name “purple beauty-berry" for this species. Mizushima describes the plant as a bush, 2 om. tall, the branches of the year and the young leaves tinged with violet, growing in swamps. Lord (196) records the species as cultivated in Australia, with "deep-lilac berries". The R. So. "Ching 6130, distributed as C. dichotoma, is actually . japonica af. albiflora Moldenke, while I I. R. Jones 637-25 is Cc. a var. angustata Rehd. and Ramos & . Edafio s.n. SM. {Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 49011] cited by Bakhuizen van den Brink is actually C. phanerophlebia Merr. ee Additional citations: JAPAN: Honshiu: Mizushima 17216 (S). CULTIVATED: New Jersey: H. N. Moldenke s.n. [Somerset, 1930] (Bu). CALLICARPA DOLICHOPHYLLA Merr. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 170-172. 1966. This species has been found flowering in May and July. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS=- LANDS: Luzon: M. Ramos s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 1063] (W— 626482), sen. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 8268] (W--629)17). CALLICARPA ELEGANS Hayek Additional synonymy: Callicarpa eiegnas Hagek., in herb. Callicarpa elegens Hayek, in herb. Additional bibliography: Hayata, Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 30 (1): (Mater. Fl. Formos.] 222. 1911; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 222, 225, & 255. 1967. This plant has been found flowering also in June and fruiting in August; the flowers on R. S. Williams 340 are described as "pinkish-white". Hayek's surname is sometimes misspelled "Hagek." "Hayak.", or "Hayet." in herbaria. Merrill suggests that the Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 29137 collection, cited below, represents a "var." of this species, but I can see no essential distinguish- ing characters. The Ramos & Edaflo s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 4561h], cited below, was was originally mis misidentified and distributed to herbaria as C. micrantha Vidal, cited by Bakhuizen van den Brink as C. pe- dunculata R. Br., and previously cited by me as C. formosana var. glabrescens Moldenke. 22 Pro: YP. 0nL GxGr15A Vol. 15, nosed Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Leyte: Edafio s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 4167)] (W-- 1262068). Luzon: on: Loher ner 16 (W--l,,6886); Merritt & Darling s.n. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 1399] (W--711L92); Otanes SNe Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 17792] (W--1238526), s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sei. 17851] (W—~1010580); M. Ramos s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 4815] (W--626250), san. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 705k] (W— 629148), s.n. [Herb. Ph Philip. Bur. Sci. 22310] (W--898)02), s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 27662] (W—1376039), s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 33146] (W—1263282); Ramos & Edafio s.n. wn. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 29137] (W--1376037), sen. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 4561] (Bz—181L0, N); R. S. Williams Williams 340 (W--70695)). Mindanao: Ramos & Edafio s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 49011] (W--1527938). Sibuyan: Elmer 121) (W--779777). PALAU ISLANDS: Koror: Herre 53 (Du--337163), 66 (Du~—337156), Makarakol: Hosokawa 9273 (Wi 2036568) . MICRONESIA: CAROLINE ISLANDS: Auluptagel: Hosokawa 7454 (W--2036371). Corol: Kanehira 1995 (W—1656935) . CALLICARPA ERIOCLONA Schau. Additional synonymy: Ss eriocloma Schau., in herb. Additional pape toeren : Moldenke, Phytologia 14: 175--18) eee Dis! 222 2hge ere 3-25 (1967), and 15: 15, 17, & 20. Foxworthy describes this plant as a tree, 5 m. tall, the trunk 7 cm. in diameter at breast height, the leaves silvery beneath, and the (immature) fruit pale-green. Herre describes it as a low shrub. The corollas are described as "nearly white" on R. S. Williams 296) and as "pink" on Herre 17 and M. L. Steiner r 18. The species h has been found in flower in January; j the fruit is de- scribed as purplish. Foxworthy found it growing in "forest val- ley", while Lambert & Brunson aver that it is "not commercial". The Ahern's collector s.n. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 148k], Robinson & Merritt s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 612k], Elmer 18086, and R. C. McGregor sen. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 1241) Seerieues cited by me as C. C. erioclona are actually C. bicolor A. L. Juss. 25 Sea Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Bohol: M. Ramos s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 42770] (W— 1292438). Catanduanes: "Ramos & Edafio s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sei. 75120] (W--1596218). Luzon: 3 Adduru ru 150 (W—898632); Ahern's collector s.n. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 3300] (W--1178548); T. E. Borden s.n. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 1595] (W--625),80) ; Elmer 15082 (W--89)518), 15124 (W--894255), 17598 (W—-1237198) ; Fénix s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 2988] (W—1376036) ; Fox- worthy 13 - 13 (W--1091588) , 18 (W--1091601); Galutera s.n. (Philip. Nat. Herb. 33358] (2210413) ; Kruckeberg & Brown s.n. [August 24, 1945] (Du--454091); Loher 1,3 (W——-WhO0:), LLL? C¥—L6887) 5 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 23 R. C. McGregor s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 22910] (W--898251) ; E. D. Merrill 2536 (W--437L95); M. Ramos s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur, Sci. 1039] (W—525l59), sen. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 8176] (W— 629392); Ramos & Edafio s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 26417] (W— 1264942); M. L, Steiner 118 (W--237653); H. N. Whitford 87 (W-- 851635), 569 (W—~851679), sn. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 19757] (W--900111) ; Wilkes s.n. [Manilla] (W—L0651). Mindanao: Ahern 540 (W—5820); Elmer er 11190 (W—779.78); Quadras 335 (W—158]708 ); R. S. Williams 296, (i (W—708188). Mindoro: Lambert & Brunson 69 (W-1862388); E. D. Merrill 1667 (W--l36618), 2245 (W—L3719h) . PALAU ISLANDS: Koror: Herre 17 (Du--336915). INDONESIA: GREATER SUNDA ISLANDS: Banguey: Castro & Melegrito 1714 (W~134968)) . Celebes: C. B. Robinson 2165 (W--775429). MICRONESIA: CAROLINE ISLANDS: Ponape: : Takamatsu su 796 (U. S. Geol. Surv. Pollen Coll. 1870] (W--1992671). CALLICARPA ERIOCLONA f. GLABRESCENS Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 14: 181—182 (1966) and 15: 20. 1967. cited jatbathe @..8claeioos var. paucinervia, att it seems to me now that it is closer to f. glabrescens in its characters. Additional citations: MICRONESIA: CAROLINE ISLANDS: Truk: Ho= sokawa 8398 (W--2036496--isotype). Yap: C. C. Y. Wong 326 (W— 2092186, Z). CALLICARPA ERIOCLONA var. PAUCINERVIA (Merr.) Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 14: 222 (1967) and 15: 20. 1967. Rodin describes the flowers of this plant as borne "in small cymes", Bryan found it growing "on sandy flat at foot of lime- stone cliff under coconut palms". It has been found flowering also in March, and fruiting in July. The corollas on E. H. Bryan dr. 1142 are described as "pale-lavender" and the fruit as_ blackish-purple. Fosberg regards this taxon as C. candicans (Burm. f.) Hochr. and has so annotated numerous specimens. The Kanehira 2203 specimen, cited below, was originally mis- identified and distributed in herbaria as Premna gaudichaudii Schau.! On the other hand, the C. C. Y. ones 326, previously placed as f. glabrescens Moldenke. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: MARIANA ISLANDS: Guam: E. H. Bryan Jr. 1142 (W—-1967L18); G. C. Moore 339 (W—— 1863367); R. V. Moran 4525 (W—2276422); Rodin 599 (W—1968596) . Pagan: Kanehira 2203 (W—1967170). Rota: We “W. L. Ne Necker R.2 (W-- 186,096) . 2h Rene yeere OP LRORG ain A: Vol. 15, now 1 CALLICARPA FERRUGINEA Sw. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 222 & 231— 233. 1967. CALLICARPA FLOCCOSA Urb. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 14: 187 (1966) and 1): 233. 1967. CALLICARPA FORMOSANA Rolfe Additional synonymy: Callicarpa formosanum Moldenke apud E. H. Walker, Bibliog. East. Asiat. Bot. Suppl. 1: 235, sphalm. 1960. Additional bibliography: J. Matsum., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 13: 11h. 1899; E. H. Walker, Bibliog. East. Asiat. Bot. Suppl. 1: 235. 1960; Liu, Illustr . Nat. & Introd. Lign. Pl. Taiwan 2: 120, pl. LOL2 . 1962; Moldenke, Phytologia 1h: 220—231 (1967) and 15: 15, 17, & 20. 1967. Additional illustrations: Liu, Illustr. Nat. & Introd. Lign. Pl. Taiwan 2: pl. 1012. 1962. Recent collectors refer to this plant as a slender bush, with medicinal uses [in Luzon], inhabiting uplands, and called "tigao- tigao". The corollas are described as "lilac® on R. S. Williams 115 and "purple" on J. V. Santos 5239. It has been found fruit- ing also in January. Liu (1962) recommends the common name "Formosan beauty-berry" for the species. Merrill, in a memorandum appended to a sheet of his Sp. Blanc. 637, says WTh4s species is common and widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes, and is abundant in the vicinity of Manila where it is locally known as tubang dalag, one of the native names cited by Blanco [for his C. americana]. The name is from tuba (Croton tiglium) and dalag “(a mud fish), for the plant has pro: properties | similar to those of Croton tiglium in that it is used for stupifying fish. Callicarpa blancoi presents considerable variation." The J. Ramos s.n. (Philip. Nat. Herb. 39880], distributed as . formosana, i is actually the type collection of C. bicolor var. ea Moldenke; D. R. Mendoza 133 (Philip. Nat. Herb. 18495] and Ramos & Edafio s.n. . [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 29051] are C. formosana f. angu angustata Moldenke; Escritor s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 21155] is the type collection of C. C. formosana f. parvifolia Moldenke Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Bayas: E. B. Copeland 123 (W—850282). Biliran: R.C. McGregor s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 18597] (W—1238619) . aos hol: Re C. Me McGregor s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 1239] (W— 439218); M M. Ramos s.n. n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 42808] (W— 1292451). Dinagat: Ramos & Pascasio s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 35239] (W—-1263930). Leyte: Kruckeberg & Brown s.n. [Sep- tember 9, 1945] (Du--l54037). Luzon: Adduru 30 (W--1091722); Amihan 3 [Philip. Nat. Herb. 33376] (W—-221232, W--2212h33); 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 25 aflaga sen. [Philip. Nat. Herb. 33393] (W--22124)8); P. T. Barnes sen. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 55] (W--626129); H. M. Curran 5. ne n. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 5140] (W--708615); Elmer 5629 (1 (w— 852878), 14352 (W—89517), 17611 (W--1237206) ; Escritor s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 2110) (W—900819); Foxworthy s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 12235] (W--71l171); Lete 252 (W—-126,306) ; Loher Ud (W--46883); E. D. Merrill 145 (W—L351L5), 2522 (W—-l3780), 2688 (W—,37655) ; R. C . McGregor s. sen. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 19792) (W—568 387); R Re , Meyer s.n. (Herb. Philip. Forest. Bur. 2520) (W—85239) ; Ocampo sen. {Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 27980] (W—-1376379); Otanes s.n. [Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 17903] (W-- 1050776); M. Ramos 8 sen. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 8132] (W—629373), Sn. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 21755] (W—568590), s.n. [Herh. Philip. Bur. Sci. 27610) (W--1293798), s.n. [Merrill Sp. Blanc. 637) (W—90)31)); Ramos & Edafio s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 29306] (W--1291732); H. N. Whitford lO (W--851588); R. S. Williams 115 (W--706817). Masbate: E. D. Merrill 3375 (W--l,38356). Min- danao: Ahern 662 (W—l45407, W—-U5842); DeVore & Hoover 106 (Ww 49610); Elmer r 10985 (W—-779L,0) , 13hbL (W--1172253); Fénix son. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 26058] (W—1293799) ; C. M. Weber ber 1055 (W-—712281). Mindoro: Mangubat s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 937] (W—l,397L5); R. C. McGregor 113 (W--85,911); E. D. Merrill 10.4 (W--,3618)); J. V. Santos 5239 (W--22)6533). Samar: = M. Ra Ramos Sen. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 17427] (W--l2u9l,9). CALLICARPA FORMOSANA f. ALBIFLORA Yamamoto Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1h: 225 & 227— 228. 1967. CALLICARPA FORMOSANA f. ANGUSTATA Moldenke Additional synonymy: Callicarpa formosanum f. angustata Mol- denke apud E. H. Walker, Bibliog. East. Asiat. Bot. Suppl. 1: 235, sphalm. 1960. Additional bibliography: E. H. Walker, Bibliog. East. Asiat. Bot. Suppl. 1: 235. 1960; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 222, 225, 228— 229, & 231 (1967) and 15: 2). 1967. The corollas are described as "pink" on D. R. Mendoza 1433 and the plant has been found growing in rocky creeks, at 1060 meters altitude, flowering in May, and with green fruits in the same month. The plant has the appearance of a natural hybrid between C. formosana Rolfe and C, stenophylla Merr. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Luzon: D. R. Mendoza 143 [Philip. Nat. Herb. 1895] (W— 2214778) ; Ramos | & . Edafio S.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 29051] (W-- 129285) . 26 PH Y TOL O71G* TA Vol. 15, Howe CALLICARPA FORMOSANA var. CHINENSIS P'ei Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 225 & 229. 1967. CALLICARPA FORMOSANA var. GLABRESCENS Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 225 & 229— 230 (1967) and 15: 21. 1967. This plant has been collected in anthesis in February. Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE IS- LANDS: Luzon: Ramos & Edafio s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 47223] (W--1527827) . o CALLICARPA FORMOSANA var. LONGIFOLIA Suzuki Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia lh: 228 & 230— 231. 1967. CALLICARPA FORMOSANA f. PARVIFOLIA Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1h: 399 (1967) and 15: 2h. 1967. This form differs from the typical form of the species in having its mature leaf-blades (on fruiting specimens) uniformly only l--3 cm. long and 7--15 mm. wide. The type of the form was collected by L. Escritor at Palanan Bay, in the province of Isabela, Luzon, Philippine Islands, in June, 1913, and is deposited in the United States National Her- barium at Washington. Citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Luzon: Escritor s.n. (Herb. Philip. Bur. Sci. 21155] (W—9008)3—type, Z--isotype). CALLICARPA FULVA A. Rich. Additional bibliography: A. S. Hitchc., Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 4: 118. 1893; Moldenke, Phytologia ly: 222, 231--23, 238, & 2h1. 1967. CALLICARPA GRISEBACHII Urb. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 14: 232 & 238— 239. 1967. CALLICARPA HAVILANDII (King & Gamble) H. J. Lam Additional synonymy: Callicarpa havilandii King & Gamble, in herb. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 239--2)1. 1967. Additional citations: INDONESIA: GREATER SUNDA ISLANDS: Sara- wak: Native collector 525 (W—1173985). CALLICARPA HITCHCOCKII Millsp. Oe aan bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia ly: 232 & 2h1. 1967. 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 27 CALLICARPA INTEGERRIMA Champ. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 220 & 243— 26. 1967. CALLICARPA JAPONICA Thunb, Additional bibliography: Hayata, Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 30 (1): 222. 1911; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 1, 633 & 804 (1924) and pr. 2, 633 & 80). 1925; Makino & Tanaka, Man. Fl. Nipp. fig. 187. 1927; Terasaki, Nippon Shokubutsu Zufu [Jap. Bot. Illustr. Album] fig. 1592. 1933; Tu, Chinese Bot. Dict., abrdgd. ed., 310. 1933; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 3, 633 & 80h. 1938; Makino, Ill. Fl. Nippon fig. 560. 190; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. h, 633 & 80 (191), pr. 5, 633 & 60) (194k), and ed. 2, bile 104s. 199; Liu, Tliustr. fat. & Introd. Lign. Pl. Taiwan 2: 1205, pl. 1013. 1962; E. E. Lord, Shrubs & Trees Austral. Gard., rev. ed., 260. 196; Hellyer, Shrubs in Colour 20. 1966; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 220—-223, 225, & 249--256 (1967) and 15: 18. 1967. Additional illustrations: Makino & Tanaka, Man. Fl. Nipp. fig. 187. 1927; Terasaki, Nippon Shokubutsu Zufu fuap. Bot. Illustr. Album] fig. 1592. 1933; Makino, Ill. Fl. Nippon fig. 560. 190; liu, Illustr. Nat. & Introd. Lign. Pl. Taiwan 2: 1205, pl. 1013. 1962. Siebold & Zuccarini (186) say "52h. C. Japonica Thunb. Fl. jap. p. 60 et Auct. (excl. Synon. C. longifoliae Lam.) Folia petiolata petiolo 4—9"' longo, lamina utrinque longe attenuata acuminata, basi et apice integerrima utrinque serrata ceterum lanceolata, ovata vel ovato-rhombea, glabra, subtus glandulis monutis globosis, citrinis dense adspersa, 3-5" longa, 1—2" lata. Cymae axillares dichotomo-ramosissimae multiflorae, peti- olum duplo superantes. Calyx urceolatus truncatus obsolete quadridentatus, uti pedunculi pilis stellatis adspersus. Corol- la extus papilloso-pubescens, quadrifida. Stamina exserta; antherae obovato-oblongae, basi emarginatae, vertice truncatae, loculis apice poro obliquo dehiscentibus connectivo glandulis seriatis citrinis obsito......527. C. Murasaki Sieb. Annuaire de la Soc. hortic. 1. c. p. 25. C. mimurasaki Hasskarl hort. Bogor. p. 136. Ausser dieser und C. japonica erwa&hnt Hasskarl a. a. 0. noch der C. acuminata H.B.K. und C. cuspidata Roxb. als aus Japan nach Java eingeftthhrt. Nich allein die japanischen, sondern alle Arten von Callicarpa deren wir ther 20 untersuchten, haben das Connectiv der Antheran dicht mit goldgelben Drtisen besetzt. Aehn- liche Drtfsen stehen auch immer auf der Rttchséite der Bl&tter und werden nur htufig durch den filzigen Ueberzug (von Sternhaaren) verdeckt." Hasskarl (18) reports the Japanese vernacular name "mimurazaki" for this plant as cultivated at Buitenzorg, Java. Miquel (1865) -- whose reference is misdated "1866" by Nakai (1923) — goes to considerable length in discussing the relation- ship between C. japonica Thunb. and C. longifolia Lam.: "Speci- 28 Pit OMG Orer ik Vol. 15, now minum numerosorum examine manifesto constat hanc cum C. longifoliae formis glabratis coniungi non posse. Multis numeris C. americanae affinior est, nec longe a stirpe iaponica distare videtur C. rhyn- chophylla Miq. Fl. Ind. bat. II. p. 888. - Nostra iaponica a C. longifolia discernitur glabritie in adultis fere perfecta, glandu- lis citrinis illis in foliorum pagina inferiore et haud raro in inflorescentia calyce corollaque obviis maioribus magis scutellae- formibus et squamis orbiculato-concaviusculis teneris membranosis quam glandulae multoties maioribus iis licet perraro in foliis subtus intermixtis, foliis multo brevius saepe brevissime petio- latis, semper fere latis, haud raro rhombeo-lato-ovalibus, basi cuneata et acumine perspicue integerrimis, caeterum vulgo grossius serratis, firmioribus, floribus maioribus, Thunbergio teste albis (nec rubellis), corolla extus adeo papillosa ut tomento tenui ob- ducta videatur (nec vario grado pilosula), baccis maioribus rubris (mec albis). - Innovationes pube stellata. minuta densa vulgo grisea gilvulaque obductae citius glabrescentes, ita ut folia adulta fere glabra vel prorsus glabra sint; in pagina superiore praeter minutissimas et raras glandulas citrinas et aliquot pilos stellatos sub lente in iunioribus pilos exiles simplices iuvenies quos in C, longifolia nunquam vidi. Folia adulta chartacea, sub- tus perspicue pallidiora, 6 circiter utrinque costulis tenuiter distanterque transverse venosis pertensa, petiolis brevibus (1— 4, vulgo 2 circiter, rarissime 6 lin. longis) suffulta, forma di- versa in diversis speciminibus, ita v. ¢c.; mox lato-elliptica vel e basi acuta elliptica acuminata praeter basin et acumen modice crenato-dentata l-fere 6 poll. longa 1 3/3 -- 2 1/2 lata, mox vero latiora basique minus acuta, grossius et obtusius den- tata brevius acuminata rugosiora sunt, costulis utrinque ad 9 (supremis tamen valde tenuibus) pertensa, passim marginibus sub- sinuata; mox folia abbreviata rhombeo-dilatata praesertim super- ne grossius dentata vel subserrata, 3 —- 11/2 poll. longa, a medio deorsum cuneata, acumine abrupto orto, perraro elongatiora et angustiora iis C. longifoliae quodammodo similiora inveniun- tur. - Prostat etiam parvifolia, sequenti quodammodo similis, sed inflorescentia toto discernenda. - Pedunculi nunc exacte axil- lares, nunc vero paullo supra-axillares, quo casu vulgo gemma foliigena concomitantus, tenues semipollicares vel breviores, iteratim dichotomi, cymam nunc contractiorem nunc vero laxiorem sistentes, sed vulgo tamen contractam e longinquo umbelliformem, cum floribus extus glandulis citrinis lucidis adspersam; in fructu cymae passim laxae l--Ses dichotomae, 11/2 poll. altae et latae, bracteis subulatis minutis persistentibus. Calyx semigloboso-obconicus -costulatus, e margine truncato obsolete 4-denticulatus, 1 1/2 lin. longus. Corolla 'alba' campanulato- infundibuliformis, lobis ovatis obtusis tubo fere duplo brevior— iibus). as 2/3ilin. circiter longa. Filamenta alte exserta, anther- is ellipticis, loculis basi acuta discretis, connectivo dorso lato dense glanduloso. Stylus apice sensim capitellato-incras- satus. Baccae calyce cupuliformi indiviso vel lobato suffultes, 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 29 laeves, subsiccae. - Variis locis v. c. prope Nangasaki, Iun. et Iul. f1.; SIEBOLD, BUERGER; in regionibus montanis sylvaticis prope pagum Susokatogi ins. Nippon, in declivibus montium Sata Foge, prope oppidum Kifura Sawa eiusdem insulae, ad radicem mon- tis Takawo Foge insulae Kiusiu: PIEROT; prope Nangasaki: TEXTOR. - Jama Mura Saki vel Mura Saki vel Mi Mura Saki iap. - Porro in ZOLLING. pl. iap. Goering. sub n. 349." Hottes (192) says "Callicarpa japonica.....has larger berries and leaves [than C. dichotoma] (2 1/2 to 5 inches long). The leaves are toothed even at the base. There are fewer berries than in the previous mentioned sort (C. dichotoma]...The Beauty- berries produce attractive leaves and the shrubs are quite graceful though upright. In planting them, give a rather pro- tected place. Although the fruits are tiny, thay are attractive upon the plant for garden effect. When the fruit is cut and placed in vases, it displays its true charm. Soil. Circumneutral pH 6.0—-3.0. Pruning. Prune back the plants severely each Spring as the flowers and fruits are borne on new wood. Objections. The winterkilling of much of the top growth necessitates annual pruning. The berries are covered by the leaves so that they are not as showy as they should be. Propagation. 1. Cuttings of half-ripe wood are generally used. Give a little bottom heat and humid conditions. Some cover cuttings with a belljar. Protect in frames for Winter or bring into greenhouse. 2. Layers. 3. Seed sown indoors in Fall. . Hardwood cuttings would only be successful when they do not freeze." Van Melle (1943), in discussing C. japonica and C. dichotoma, says that these "are small shrubs, normally about 5 to 7 feet high, not perfectly — i.e., not reliably -- hardy in our zone and likely to be killed back at least partly; a matter which does not interfere greatly with their usefulness since they flower and fruit on growth of the current season and may be treated as die- backs. In that case they will grow little more than 3 to feet high. Their one, but considerable, contribution to the border is the effect of their attractive, small, clustered, lilac berries strung along the branches, ripening in the Autumn and remaining effective for a long time. These are sufficient reason to endure their rather uninteresting foliage and insignificant small flowers. Of the two, C. japonica is the more erect-growing, with darker, long-tapering leaves to 6 inches long....Both are unpre- tentious as to soil and succeed in sun or shade. They are worth planting in a small way for the sake of their pretty berries, which are among the most decorative of autumn effects." Bean (1951) differentiates the commonly cultivated beautyber- ries in England as follows: 1. Leaves glabrous beneath (or nearly so), glandular. 2. Leaves 3-5 inches long, toothed in the central part......... C. japonica 2a. Leaves 1 1/2 -—- 3 1/2 inches long, coarsely toothed in the Apical ParteresesseseeeeccccceccsccereccesceeesGe Gichotama 30 PUBLY oT OG LeOrGalws Vol. 25, ‘nOeel la. Leaves downy beneath. 3. Leaves only slightly downy beneath, 2--5 inches long........ xC. shirasawana 3a. Leaves distinctly downy beneath. lh. Leaves densely downy beneath. 5. Leaves 4--6 inches long.......+-.sesseseeee-+eCe rubella 5a. Leaves 2--l, 1/2 inches long.......+s+++eeeeeeeCs mollis ha. Leaves moderately downy beneath. 6. Leaves 3-5 1/2 inches long; flower-clusters nearly SOSSLLC .. see sec eccceecececccresoccsccecscsous americana 6a. Leaves 2—-5 inches long; flower-clusters stalked....... C. bodinieri var. giraldii In my own 195) work on the cultivated species of the genus in California, the following key is offered: 1. Leaf-blades densely covered beneath with golden-yellow, close- ly appressed, circular or elliptic, concave scales.......... C. longifolia la. Leaf-blades without scales beneath. 2. Cymes very large and spreading, to 20 cm. long and 17 cm. wide, usually densely flowered; fruit white......cccccsce C. macrophylla 2a. Cymes small, usually only about 1--5 cm. long and wide, densely or loosely flowered; fruit lilac or violet. 3. Leaves small and numerous, their blades usually about 2-- 6.5 cm. long and 1—-2.3 cm. wide, toothed only above the middle, glabrous or subglabrate beneath.........e6 3a. Leaves larger, usually not crowded. 4. Leaf-blades usually stellate-tomentose beneath, usually very coarsely and more or less irregularly toothed a- long the margins with spreading teeth; peduncles as long as or shorter than the petioles, 3--10 mm. long; calyx-rim subtruncate, l-apiculate, or very shortly triangulate-—toothed...........-.e00- ecoeeeete americana ha. Leaf-blades glabrous or sparingly pubescent beneath, _ more regularly serrate with more or less appressed antrorse teeth; peduncles longer than the petioles, 5-~25 um. long; calyx-rim conspicuously -toothed or 4-lLobed with broad round teeth. 5. Leaf-blades oblong or oblong-elliptic, 6--12 cm. long, 1.5--6..2 CM. Wide.....ssceesecsereseseoele japonica Sa. Leaf-blades ovate-elliptic or ovate, 10--18 cm. long, 4.5--10 cm. wide.........C. japonica var. luxurians Li (1965) comments that C. japonica "is widely distributed in Korea and Japan, where it is a common deciduous shrub of the hills. It flowers in August and fruits in October through Novem- ber", He also says concerning its occurrence on Formosa "Calli- carpa japonica, widely distributed in China and Japan, is not re- corded by Kanehira. P'tei.....considers C. dichotoma and C. japon ica very difficult to separate from each other. Undoubtedly the 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 31 concept of C,. dichotoma of most Japanese authors on the Taiwan flora includes also C. japonica. Masamune......besides his C. japonica var. kotoensis (Hayata) Masamune.....considers C. japon- ica as present in Taiwan in the following forms: C. japonica var. luxurians Rehder, C. japonica f. kuruninsularis Masamune, and C. japonica - var. sriuntate Rehder." His key for te titted shane Cae japonica from the other commonly cultivated species of the genus is reproduced by me under C. bodinieri in the present series of notes (Phytologia 1: 53. 1966). Liu (1962) recommends the com- mon name "Japanese beauty-berry" for this species. Lord (196) tells us that it is a lime-loving plant and is cultivated in Australia. Backer & Bakhuizen van den Brink (1965) describe the species as it occurs in Java as follows: "Exclusively cultivated. Drupe in Java always violet-red; cymes on 1/6 -- 2 cm long peduncles, 1--5 cm across; calyx minutely dentate or subtruncate, glabrous, 3/4 — 11/4 mm high; corolla white or pink-lilac, 2--l; mm high; lobes glabrous; stamens 3--5 mm; style 3--5 mm. Young branches stellate-hairy; leaves elliptic-obovate-oblong, rarely subrhom- boid, often rather abruptly long-acuminate, usually rather coarsely serrate-crenate, gland-dotted beneath, on both surfaces (excl, the upper surface of the larger leaves)’ soon becoming glabrous, 3—15 cm by 11/2 -—- 7 cm; petioles 1/5 -- 11/2 cm. Shrub, 0.50--2.00; I—-XII; native to Japan; in Java cultivated as an ornamental. Variable." The Makino & Tanaka (1927) reference in the bibliography above is sometimes cited as "Fl. Jap. 1928", but is not so listed by Walker in his Bibliography of Eastern "Asiatic Botany (1960). The "Nakai, Veg. Isl. Wangto" reference sometimes cited (e.g., Nakai, Fl. sylv. Koreana 1): 30. 1923) appears to refer to Nakai, Saishu- to Narab. Kwan-to Shokub. Hokok. (Fl. Saishu & Kwan Isls. j (191). According to my friend, Egbert H. Walker, "The name 'wangto' has been identified as the same as Quelpaert Island. To is Chinese for island and is often also used in Japan instead of shima or jima. Nakai wrote a report all in Japanese on the vegetation of Quelpaert Isl. off the coast of Korea. It is Nakai, 19lha on p. 343 in the Merrill & Walker Bibliography (1938) ." Material of C. japonica has been widely misidentified and distributed in herbaria under the names C. bodinieri var. giral- dii (Hesse) Rehd., C. dichotoma (Lour.) K. Koch, C. dichotoma Raeusch., C. gracilis Sieb. & Zucc., C. japonica var. angustata Rehd., C. japonica var. luxurians Rehd., C. koreana Hort., C. mollis Sieb. & Zucc., and even Viburnum sp. ~ On the other hand, the Chiao 10L6, Herb. Univ. Nanking 14,35, and Yin 102, distributed as 3 Ce. japonica, are actually C. bodinieri Léveillé; ¥ Y. Chen 736 (Herb. “Univ. Nanking 15086], Cheo ¢ & Wilson 107 & S.ne (Herb. Univ. Nanking 12753], Chiao 1022 & s.n. [Herb. 32 Pb 3) Dy Oebs0'Gr wk Vol. 15, ‘iota! 1621, Ling 2565 (Herb. Univ. Nanking 12515], McClintock s.n. [Nov. 16, T6, 1959], E. D D. Merrill 11298, and Sun 11% & 1260 are C. C. bodin- jee var. giraldii i (Hesse) Rehd.; Chiao 2617, Coville sen. [Gar- den of Whitman Cross, Chevy Chase, Oct. 29, 29, 1926], Hiroe ‘oe 12141, Hu 1634, In-Cho's erineatce 990h, and Liou 1660 are C. -C. dichotoma (i= as K. Koch; Chiao §28 & 14128, Duss s.n., and Herb. Univ. Nanking 14128 are eae formosana a Rolfe; Al Alling s.n. (Hondo, 1892], Chiao Chiao 1612, C! pune & Sun 176 & 406, A. Henry s.n. wn. (Prov. Hainan], —= Se) Sees ees See Set cee ees) acne are all C. japonica var. angustata Rehd.; Maximowicz s. Sone [Hako- date, 1862] (in part) and Numata 36 are C. japonica var. ar. luxurians a eee SSS ae SS SS Se eee 1937] & s.n. son. [8-20-1938], E. H. Wilson 9262 & 10)11, and Yongsok 90149 are C. japonica var. rhombifolia H. J. Lam; and A. Forbes 21 ieee pedunculata R. Br. Zimmermann 210 is in part C. japonica var. angustata and in part var. rhombifolia. It is very probable that the A. N. Stewart s.n. [Herb. Univ. Nanking 2426], cited below, is actually var. angustata Rehd. Miquel (1870) cites from Raman 6 specimens collected by Burger, one by Maximowicz, one by Mohnike, two by Oldham, 8 by Siebold, one by Textor, and one by Charles "Wright. Forbes & Hemsley (1890) cite Carles sn. [Soul mountains] from Korea, Oldham 622 from the "Corsan Archipelago", and C. Wright s.n. from the | Kyukiu Archipelago, deposited in the herbaria at Kew and the British Mu- seum, Matsumura (1899) cites J. Matsumura s.n. and Tashiro sn. from Okinawa and Tanaka 308 from Yaeyama. Prei (1932) cites - only Zimmermann 210 from Shantung, China, En 2505 from Fukien, and Tai 11793 from Siongsai Island. The Univ. Calif. Bot. Gard. 38.533- Sl collection, cited below, was grown from seed sent from Kornik, Poland. In all, 202 herbarium specimens and 6 mounted photographs have been examined by me. Additional & emended citations: NORTH CAROLINA: Durham Co.: Harrar & Blomquist s.n. [rocky ground north of H.W. 751, 10/23/ 39] (H—55572). CHINA: Anhwei: Sun 1176 (N), 1260 (N). Chekiang: Chiao s.n. (Herb. Univ. Nanking 18896] ( (N, N, Ws); E. D. Merrill 11298 (N). Fukien: En 2505 (Ca--322208, N). Kiangsi: Chung & Su & Sun 176 ( (N), 20h (N), 406— (N), 506 (N). Kwangtung: Tsui oles in part (Ca—612h27). Shansi: H. Smith 6166 (Go, S). Szechuan: C. L. Chow 969 (W—199059); W. K. Hu 8783 (W—1191002); Yin 102 (N). KOREA: T. T. H. Chung 5603 (Mi); Faurie rie 73) (Du--1018); In-Cho 1096 (Mi), 3331 OE) ise In-Cho's collector 81,86 (Mi), 8537 (Mi), 85 8540 (ui), 9517 (Mi), 9541 (Mi); Tae-Hyon 109 (Mi); Ke | K. Uno 2320 (Ba), 232h0a (N); E. H. Wilson 10,11 (W--105]233); Yongsok 6770 (Mi), 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 33 6811 (Mi), 6896 (Mi), 7134 (Mi), 7135 (Mi), 7179 (Mi), 10048 (Mi). KOREAN COASTAL ISLANDS: Kangwha: In-Cho 3Lu2 (Mi (Mi). Quelpart: Faurie 1893 (V--126); Yongsok 8753 (Mi). ~ Ullung: In-Cho 32h6 (Mi); Yongsok 2410 (Mi), 2446 (Mi). WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: JA- PAN: Hiradosima: Weiss 1128 (Bz--17651). Hokkaido: Baker & Baker s.n. (Muroran, July 31, “191k) (Gg—31982, Gge—31983); Kitamura Se n. (31 Jul. 1953] (Ws); Maximowicz s.n. [Hakodate, 1861] (Bz— 17648, C, T). Honshiu: Baker & aker & Baker s.n. (Misaki, June 9, 191] (Ge--31987), sn. [Miyogi, 8-11-1)] (Gg—31988); Collector unde- termined 361 (W—-9967), s.n. (Musashi, Nakano, 10 Juli 1910] (w— 1133076); Dai Dahlstrand s.n, . [4/8/195k) (Go); Dorsett & Morse 787 (N, W—-1553L07), 1448 (W—-1553607); Furuse s.n. [3 July 1957] (S); Herb. Mus. Bot. Stockh. son. [(Musasi, 14/10/1910] (S); Herb. Sci. Coll. Imp. Univ. s.n. [Uzen, July 20, 1887] (Vt); Herb. Umbach 20804 (Ws); Hiroe 7706 (Ca—82126), 13906 (Ws); Hurusawa ry (w— 2073723); Ye "Kimura a 1-3 (W—-2037868); Kinashi sen. [13-VI.1922] (Mi), son. (Ma); Kobayashi 112 (S), 14172 (S), 16253 (S); Koyama Sn. [July 22, 1956] (Mg) ; Kusaka s.n. [July 2h, 193k) (Co)is ae) Lindquist sen. [30/9/1952] (Go); Lindquist & Nitzelius sen. [3/9/ 1952} (Go), sen. [5/9/1952] (Go); Y. Matsumura 1671 (N), 3788 (N), 6594 (N)5 Mizushima 208 (S); C. S. ~ Sargent Sone ~ (Mayanoshita, August 25, 1892] (W—9969); Savatier 919 (Ph, h, W--9968, W—8077) ; Sawada 2298 (S), Sone (Hakone, Sakokura, 17.VII .1926] (S); Cc. Skottsberg s.n. [Hondo, 27/10/1926] (Go); Suzuki UC .403 (Herb. Su- zuki 398036] (Ga—928687), UC.699 [Herb. Suzuki 433014] (Ca— 930163); Tagawa 287 (Ws), 3283 (W (Ws); Tagawa & Iwatsuki 1726 (Ws, Ws); Tamaki s.n Sen. ~[Senda, 10/7/1911] (Vi); Tanaka & Hir & Hiroe 8872 (Ws); Tobe “Tobe 15367 (S); Weiss 1488 (Bz—-17649), 181) (Bz——-17653); E. H. Wilson mn 7048 (W—-778269), 7 7560 (W—778L,09); ¥: Yatoh s.n. [July lh, 1955] (Vi). Kiushiu: Hurusawa wa 1-1 (W--2073722); Mi Masamune Se n. (Satsuma, June 27, 1923] (N); Oldham 620 (S), 621 (M); T. Tan- aka 121 (Herb. Tanaka 100161] (Ca—252183) ; Weiss 289 (Bz—-17652), 701 (Bz—-17650). Shikoku: Collector undetermined s.n. [Nanokawa, Tosa, June 21, 1892] (W-—-206172); Hurusawa 3696 (Vi); Tokui s.n. [Iyo, Aug. 1963] (Vi). Yezo: Maries s.n. (Pa). Island undeter- mined: Baker & Baker 162 (Sd—1l 9477); Blu Blume s.n. (T); Burger s.n. { Japonia] (Ca--918],30) ; | Faurie 3215 (K)3 Ho Hogg s.n. (C); J. M Je Matsu- mura s.n. [June 1879] (W—-17600); | Oldham s.n Sn. ~{Japan] (S); Sie- bold sn. (M, N). RYUKYU ISLAND ARCHIPELAGO: GO: Okinawan Islands: Okinawa: Conover 110 (W—1993179). Sakishima Islands: Ikema: F. R. Fosberg 38546 (Z). Iriomote: Kanehira 3182 (N). Miyako: F. R. Fosberg 30180 (Sm), 38315 (Sm). Ogami: F. R. Fosberg 38407 (Sm). Island undetermined: Gressitt 532 (S). FORMOSA: Yamamoto, Onuma, & Outi s.n. [Agincort, August 15, 1933] (W—2063387). PALAU 3h Pony OL OG PA Vol. 15, no. 1 ISLANDS: Palao: Takamatsu 1273 (Bi, Bi), 1635 (Bi), 1792 (Bi). MICRONESIA: CAROLINE ISLANDS: DS: Auluptagel: Takamatsu 172 (Bi, Ca- 805721). CULTIVATED: Austria: Herb. Bot. Inst. Univ. Wi Wien s.n. [4.VI.1915] (Vu), sen. [9.VIII.1923] (Vu). California: Eastwood sn. [Landsdale, Oct. ct. 1920] (Ge--31989) 5 E. C. Marquand s.n. ther ent [Golden Gate Park, ov. 1920] (Gg--31990); Wells, Lam— merts, & , & McClintock SoNe inane 6, 19h] (N). Connecticut: ’ Jans- son s sn. [Oct. 9, 1937] (Go), sen. [Oct. 12, 1957] (Go). Cuba: Acufia & Roig 18967 (Es). England Nicholach 2976 (Ed) . Germany: Seaaseeeee e eoceeaenees aati aac eee meee eee 10/3) (N); Ht Htlphers son. [H. B. Beroi. 1900] (S); Mildbraed Sone (23 Juli 1947] (B); R. Schlechter sen. [9.I.1925] (B). Japan: Takenchi 1j-C (W--2037869). Java: Couperus 93 (01). Massachu- setts: Blazic son. [Arnold Arb., June 1922] (Po--125339); R. Be Clark s.n. ‘sn. [Arnold Arb. 87h=32] (Ms), sen. [Arnold Arb. 12397b) (Ms), s sen. [Arnold Arb. 12938%a] (Ms); Her Herb. Arnold Arb. 1089-) (Gg—3198h) ; Kidder s.n. [31 Aug. 1925] (Oa--107)7); Rehder son. [Herb. Arnold Arb. 108])-)) (Ur), sen. [Arnold Arb., Aug. ug. 22, 1898] (B, Ur), sen. [Arnold Arb., “Oct. 31, 1898] (iti—photo) , Se n. [Arnold Arb., Oct. 7, 1921] (Ur); R. E. Torrey s.n. (Amherst, June 21, 1947] (Ms); A. P. Wyman s.n. Herb. Arnold Arb. 1089-1] (Io—3)567, Io--3),568) , sen. [Arnold Arb., Aug. 23, 1901] (Ur). Missouri: D. B. Dunn 1111 (Lb--51529). New York: Hartling s.n. [N. Y. Bot. Gard. Cult. Pl. 1036] (N), s.n. [N. Y. Bot. Gard. Cult. Pl. 03575] (N); He N. Moldenke 5048 ( (N), 10821 (N); Teu- scher 1063 (Mg), 1064 (Mg), 1065 (Mg), Se sen. ["C. ", dichotoma*] (N), sen. ["C. dichotoma var. koreana" ] (Nn), sen. ["C. shirasawana"] (N); R. S. Williams sen. [N. Y. Bot. Gard. Cult. Pl. 1036] (N). ea JAPONICA f. ALBIBACCA Hara, Enum. Sperm. Jap. 1: 183. 19 Synonymy: Callicarpa japonica var. # C. leucocarpa Sieb., Jaarb. Konink. Nederl. Maatsch. Tuinb. [Ann. Hort. Pays-Bas] 1845: 71, pl. 5. 1845. Callicarpa japonica var. leucocarpa Sieb. ex Rehd. in L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 2: 628. 191). Callicarpa japonica var, leucocarpa Nakai, Trees & Shrubs Indig. Jap., ed. 1, 3 dG. 9ee: Callicarpa peeectes f. leucocarpa (Sieb.) Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 584. 1949. Callicarpa japonica leucocarpa Bean in Chittenden, Roy. Hort. Soc. Dict. Gard. 1: 359. 1951. Callicarpa japonica leucocarpa Aul, N. Y. Herald Trib. Spec. Gard. Sect. 7, April 5. 196k; ieidenke: Résumé Suppl. 10: 5, in syn. 196k. Bibliography: Sieb., Jaarb. Konink. Nederl. Maatsch. Tuinb. {Ann. Hort. Pays-Bas] 185: 71, pl. 5. 1845; Rehd. in L. H. Batley, 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 35 Stand. Cycl. Hort. 2: 628. 191i; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 1, 633 (1924) and pr. 2, 633. 1925; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 1, 776. 1927; Nakai, Trees & Shrubs Indig. Jap., ed. 2, 453. 1927; L. H. & E. Z. Bailey, Hortus 111. 1930; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 39: 30) (1936) and 40: 120. 1936; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 3, 633. 1938; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 3%. 1939; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, pr. 1, 80 & 932. 1940; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names ll. 190; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 4, 633. 1941; Mol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 1, 58, 71, & 87. 1942; Moldenke, Alph. List Invalid Names 9. 1942; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 5, 633. 1943 Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, pr. 2, Bol, & 932. 1947; Hara, Enum. Sperm. Jap. 1: 183. 1948; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 58). 1949; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 2, 133, 157, & 177. 1949; L. H. Bailey, Man, Cult. Pl., ed. 2, 8h & 1045. 1949; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 295 & 296. 1950; W. J. Bean in Chittenden, Roy. Hort. Soc. Dict. Gard. 1: 359. 1951; Moldenke, Résumé 172, 213, 2hh, & lh. 1959; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, pr. 9, 80) & 932. 1960; Li, Morris Arb. Bull. 1): 6. 1963; Aul, N. Y. Herald Trib. Spec. Gard. Sect. 7, April 5. 1964; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 10: 5. 196k; G. Grim, N. Y. Herald Trib. Sect. 2, 20, February 6. 1966; Moldenke, Phy- tologia 1): 254. 1967; Wayside Gardens [Cat.] 1967: 10. 1967. Illustrations: Sieb., Jaarb. Konink. Nederl. Maatsch. Tuinb. (Ann, Hort. Pays-Bas] 18)5: pl. 5 [in color]. 1845; Aul, N. Y. Herald Trib. Spec. Gard. Sect. 7, April 5. 196; G. Grimm, N. Y. Herald Trib. Sect. 2, 20, February 6. 1966; Wayside Gardens [Cat.] 1967: 140 [in color]. 1967. This form differs from the typical form of the species in hav- ing white flowers and white fruit. The form was introduced into cultivation in 185. It is known as "white jewel berry" or "white jewel-berry". In previous publi- cations I adopted the designation var. leucocarpa Sieb. for it. However, if the taxon is to be given form rank, then Hara's name is the valid one for it under the present International Rules. It is offered to the horticultural trade by the Gulf Strean Nursery, Wachapreague, Virginia, and Wayside Gardens, Mentor, Ohio. Only Grimm (1966) and Wayside Gardens (1967) report the flowers as well as the fruit as white, but this seems very pro- bable since it holds true for some other white-fruited forms in this genus. Siebold (185) maintains that it differs from the typical form also in its fuscous branchlets and merely acuminate (not caudate) leaf-blades. Considering the great variability of the species in regard to the size and shape of the leaf-blades, it is very probable (as indicated by rehder and other recent authors) that the fruit color is the only reliable way to identify it. As yet I have seen no material of this form. Wayside Gardens (1967) describe this plant as follows: "A de- lightful, erect, bushy-growing shrub about to 5 feet high.... covered in late July with thousands of close-set, small white flowers. These are followed in late September by masses of small 36 Pan Yer OnLsOaGerek Vol. 15, Roget white berries. Very showy.....ideal to use with the purple form for fall arrangements", selling at $3.25 each, three for $9.25, and $33.50 per dozen. ere JAPONICA f. ALBIFLORA Moldenke, Phytologia 13: 22. 1966. Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 13: 22. 1966; Moldenke, Ré= sumé Suppl. 1): h. 1966. This form differs from the typical form of the species only in having white corollas. The type of the form was collected by Ernest Henry Wilson (no. 104),) at Kongo-san, in the province of Kogen, Korea, at 330 meters altitude, on July 5, 1918, and is deposited in the United States National Herbarium at Washington. The collector notes that he saw only one bush of this form. Walker and his associates describe it as a shrub. It should be noted here that the corollas are said to be white also on C. japonica f. albibacca Hara, but in that form the fruits are also white, while in the present one bhey are the normal purple. Material has been misidentified and distributed in herbaria as C. dichotoma (Lour.) K. Koch. Three specimens, including the type, have been examined by me. Citations: CHINA: Kwangsi: R. C. Ching 6130 (N). KOREA: E. H. Wilson 10) (W--1052230--type). WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: RYUKYU ISLAND ARCHIPELAGO: Okinawan Islands: Okinawa: Sonohara s.n. [Wal- ker, Sonohara, Tawada, & Amano 635k) (N). CALLICARPA JAPONICA f. ALBIFRUCTA Hara, Enum. Sperm. Jap. 1: 18) [as "albifructus"]. 198; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 295. 1950. Synonymy: Callicarpa japonica var. luxurians f. leucocarpa Na- kai, Trees & Shrubs Indig. Jap., ed. 2, 455. 1927. Bibliography: Nakai, Trees & Shrubs Indig. Jap., ed. 2, 55. 1927; Hara, Enum. Sperm. Jap. 1: 18). 198; Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 295 (1950) and 4: 451. 1953; Moldenke, Résumé 172, 181, 23, 2hh, & lk. 1959; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 3: 19. 1962; Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 254. 1967. This form differs from the typical form of the species in having the large leaves of var. luxurians and also white fruit. Suzuki describes this as a very rare shrub in forests, at 50 meters altitude, fruiting in January, and called "6-shiroshikibu". Only a single specimen has been seen and examined by me. Citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: NANPO ISLANDS: Hachijo: Suzuki 25 [Herb. Suzuki 391073] (Ca--793438) . CALLICARPA JAPONICA var. ANGUSTATA Rehd. in C. S. Sarg., Pl. Wils. 3: 369. 1916. Additional & emended synonymy: Callicarpa japonica angustifolia Kwa-wi [trans. Savatier], Arbor. 1: pl. 15. 1759; Stapf, Icon. Bot. Ind. Lond. 1: 526. 1929. Callicarpa japonica f. angustifolia Miq., Cat. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 70, nom. nud. 1870. Callicarpa 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 37 longifolia Hemsl. apud Rehd. in C. S. Sarg., Pl. Wils. 3: 369, in syn. (in part). 1916 [not C. longifolia Auct., 1965, nor Benth., 1966, nor Blume, 1936, nor Diels, 1916, nor Hance, 1932, nor Hook., 1932, nor L., 1820, nor Lam., 1783, nor Roxb., 1827, nor Vahl, 1936, nor "sensu Li", 1966, nor "sensu Mori", 1963]. Cal- licarpa caudatifolia Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39: 8. 1925. Calli- carpa longifolia sensu Hemsl. apud Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 58h, in syn (in part). 1949. Callicarpa japonica angustata Mattoon, Pl. Buyers Guide, ed. 6, 83. 1958; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 7: 7, in syn. 1963. Callicarpa japonica f. angustata (Rehd.) Ohwi ex Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 5: 6, in syn. 1962. Callicarpa japonica f. angustata (Rehd.) Mizushima, in herb. Bibliography: Kwa-wi [trans. Savatier], Arbor. 1: pl. 15. 1759; Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 1: 563. 1783; Lam., Tabl. Encycl. Méth. (Illustr. Gen.] 1: 293, pl. 69, fig. 2. 1791; Miq., Cat. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 70. 1870; Forbes & Hemsl., Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 26 [Ind. Fl. Sin. 2]: 253. 1890; Diels in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 29: 548. 1900; Rehd. in C. S. Sarg., Pl. Wils. 3: 366 & 369. 1916; Chung, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (1): 226. 192); Koidz., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39: 8. 1925; Nakai, Trees & Shrubs Indig. Jap., ed. 2, 455--456, fig. [216]. 1927; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. l, 776. 1927; A. W. Hill, Ind. Kew. Suppl. 7: 36. 1929; Stapf, Icon. Bot. Ind. Lond. 1: 526. 1929; Ptei, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): [Verbenac. China] 17, 31, 52, & 55--56, pl. 7. 1932; Moldenke in Fedde, Repert. Spec. Nov. 39: 30h (1936) and 0: 98, 120, 124, 125, 128, & 131. 1936; Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 36. 1939; Moldenke, Prelim. Alph. List Invalid Names 11. 190; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 1: 160. 191; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 1, 56, 58, 71, 86, & 87. 192; Moldenke, Alph. List Cit. 1: 7, 13, 101, 102, & 275. 196; Moldenke, Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 11: ho. 1947; Hara, Enum. Sperm. Jap. 1: 18h. 1948; Moldenke, Alph. List Cit. 2: Sih, 563, & 59h (198), 3: 697, 847, 895, 918, & 947 (1949), and h: 1136. 1949; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 2, 8h & 1045. 199; Rehd., Bibl. Cult. Trees 584. 1919; Moldenke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., ed. 2, 130, 133, 157, & 177. 1949; W. J. Bean in Chittenden, Roy. Hort. Soc. Dict. Gard. 1: 359. 1951; Moldenke, Phytologia h: 75. 1952; Mat- toon, Pl. Buyers Guide, ed. 6, 83. 1958; Moldenke, Résumé 168, 172, 173, 213, 242, 2bh, & buh. 1959; Krttssmann, Fandb. Laubgeh. 1: 255. 1959; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, pr. 9, 80) & 932. 1960; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 3: 18 & 30 (1962), 5: 6 (1962), and 7: 7. 1963; Li, Woody Pl. Taiwan 822--823 & 9). 1963; Li, Morris Arb. Bull. 14: 6. 1963; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 1): 3, h, & 7. 1966; Moldenke, Phytologia lh: 5h, 58, 59, 62, 99, 102, 1h2, 163, 164, & 167 (1966), lh: 228--230 & 25) (1967), and 15: 18, 19, 21, 31, & 32. 1967. Illustrations: Kwa-wi [trans. Savatier], Arbor. 1: pl. 15. 1759; Nakai, Trees & Shrubs Indig. Jap., ed. 2, 456, fig. [216]. tl Pei, Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1 (3): [Verbenac. China] pl. 7. 932. 38 Bia Ae eI O 4, (0G) Tak Vol. 15, nos 2 This variety differs from the typical form of the species in having narrower leaf-blades, which are oblong-lanceolate or oblan= ceolate, rarely elliptic-lanceolate, 5--12 cm. long, and only 1,2——3 5 CM wide ° The type of the variety was collected by Ernest Henry Wilson (no. 2195) in thickets at 1500 meters altitude, Hsing-shan Hsien, Hupeh, China, in July, 1907, and is deposited a the Arnold ie etum Herbarium at Cambridge, Massachusetts. Rehder (1916) says: "This variety seems to differ from the type only in its narrower leaves and might be considered a mere form of C. japonica if it did not occupy a different geographical area. From narrow-leaved glabrescent forms of C. Giraldiana it is easily distinguished by the oblong anthers opening by a pore at the apex, and by the smalle er long-stalked inflorescence. It has little relation to the true C. longifolia Lamarck.......which is a southern species and has according to Lamarck's description and figure narrow-lanceolate glabrous leaves about 25 cm. long and a longer-stalked larger in- florescence." In his 1927 work Rehder maintains that the variety is limited to central China and that it was introduced into culti- vation in 1907. Actually, this taxon seems to be found naturally in central, eastern, and southern China, as well as in Korea, Ja- pan, Hongkong, and Hainan Island. Callicarpa japonica f. angustifolia was based by Miquel on three unnumbered specimens collected in Japan by Burger. Recent collectors describe the plant as a bush or shrub, woody, erect, much-branched, 1—.5 m. tall, slender, the leaves light- green above, pale beneath, the calyx pale-green, the stamens bluish-pink, the anthers yellow, and the fruit green when immature, finally rosy=-purple or black. The corollas are described as a8 eS (Se. ee GERSS) SSeS ce! 13h2, "purplish" on R. C. Ching 2977, "rose—purple" o on Es He iH. Wil- son son 1531, "pink" on Ea He Wilson . 2195, "pale-pink" on MacDaniels sen., and "whitish-pink" on m How TLOT7L. The plant has been found growing in woods, thickets, ravines, valleys, and in shade on hillsides, on rock cliffs and. rocky slopes in forests, and along roadsides or streamsides, at 100 to 1500 meters altitude, flowering from June to October, and fruit- ing from July to October. Wilson refers to it as "eommon" in thickets, woods, and open country, Tsang says "fairly common in dry sandy soil of thickets", while Ching calls it a "common shrub in open valleys". Chun & Sun refer to it as an "herb", while Tsang calls it a "woody climber, 3 feet tall". Fang erroneously refers to the fruit as "a small nut", The C. longifolia ascribed to Hemsley and referred to in the synonymy y above is in part C, japonica var. angustata and in part C. bodinieri var. giraldii , Ulesse) Rehd. The various C. longi- folia homonyms ascribed to "Auct.", to Blume, to Linnaeus, to | to Rox- burgh, and to Vahl are all Sabie of C. doneta ta ne that ascribed to Bentham, to Hance, and "sensu Mori" is C. longissima 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa 39 (Benth.) Hance, that attributed to Diels is C. bodinieri var. iraldii (Hesse) Rehd., that attributed to Hooker is C. brevipes (Benth. ) Hance, and the "sensu Li" homonym belongs in the synonymy of C. j onica. var. luxurians Rehd. Bean IED) gives the name, C. longifolia, without any further circumscription, as a synonym of C, japonica var, angustata. Li (1963) includes as synonyms "C. parviflora Hayata" and C. randai- ensis Hayata, saying "The reduction of C. randaiensis Hayata is made on the basis of the type and the original description. Cal- licarpa parviflora Hayata has been previously reduced to the synonymy of C, randaiensis by Kanehira." The "C, formosana f. angustata (Rehd.) Moldenke" which he also places in this synonymy is so is so placed in error. My trinomial, C. formosana f. angustata Moldenke, applies to an entirely different taxon, is based on an entirely different type, and has nothing whatever to do with Rehder's trinomial! Li (1963) also states that this variety occupies "a distinct geographical area, in central to northwestern and western China" (which, as we have seen above, is not accurate]. "It is a small shrub to about 1.5 m. tall with pink flowers and rosy purple fruits. It was found growing in thickets at 1000—1500 meters in western China by E. H. Wilson in 1900 and again in 1907 (Rehder, 1917). It resembles somewhat C. Bodinieri var. Giraldii of the same general area especially in the more narrow-Leaved glabrescent forms of the latter, but it is differentiated by the more oblong anthers opening by a pore at the apex as well as by the smaller but longer-stalked inflorescence." Rehder (1916), by the way, dates Lamarck's original description of C. longifolia (1783) as "1785". Ptei (1932) tells us that C. japonica var. angustata differs from C. dichotoma (Lour.) K. Koch in its "long willow-like leaves which are toothed throughout." Mattoon (1958) lists only one horticultural source. The printed label accompanying E. H. Wilson 1058 is inscribed "Japan", but Dr. T. Koyama assures me that the locality given on the label is actually in Korea. The Chiao s.n. (Herb. Univ. Nan king 18896] collection seems to be a mixture -—- the Britton Her- barium sheet is typical C. japonica Thunb., while the United States National Herbarium specimen is plainly var. angustata Rehd. Material has been misidentified and distributed in herbaria under the names C. bodinieri var. giraldiana (Hesse) Rehd., C. dichotoma (Lour. ta K. Koch, C. dichotoma Raeusch, C. giraldiana Hesse, C. giraldiana var. rosthornii (Diels) pany C. giraldi- ana var. ', subcanescens Rehd., C. japonica Thunb., C. koreana Hort., C. longifolia var. brevipes Benth., C. oligantha Merr., and C. purpurea A. L. Juss. On the other hand, the Dorsett & Morse 787, Furuse s.n. [3 July 1957], and Savatier 919, distributed as C. japonica var. an- 0 eet FY ee OM ONG, era! Vol. 15, some gustata, are typical C. japonica Thunb. ~~ Rehder (1916) cites also the following: CHINA: Hupeh: A. Henry 6679; C. Silvestri 195h;5 E. H. Wilson 1342. Kiangsi: E. He Wil- son 1530, 1530a. Shensi: Giraldi s.n Sone ~ [monte Kin-qua-san, | July nom 1897]. Probably all of these specimens are deposited in the herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum. P'tei (1932) cites: CHINA: Anhwei: R. C. Ching 2977; K. Ling 1189. Hupeh: Chun 035; A. Hen- ry 6127; C. Silvestri 1954; E. H. Wilson 132, 1530 (in in part), 2195. K Kiangsi: Chun 1,276; Ip 8 S.D. (Lushan, Jan. 1922]; A . N. Ste- ward Sone (Lushan, _ July uly 1922]; E. E. H. Wilson 1530 (in ae , 1530a. Kiangsu: Chun 4251. CHINESE COASTAL ISLANDS: Hainan: A. Henry s. n. He gives oes further distribution as "Japan", & s.n., Gressitt 315, Hayata & Mori 7023, Kanehira 2878, Kawakami & Mori 2878 & 2879, | Matuda 197 & Sal sone, Suzuki 6986 & Se SMe, , and EB. E. He Wilson on 10848. | However, Hayata & Mori 7023 7023 is the type collec- tion of C C. randaiensis Hayata, which see see, “and Kawakami & Mori 2879 is the type collection of C. parvifolia Hayata, a ‘synonym of c. C. randaiensis. In all, 76 herbarium specimens, including type material of some of the names involved, and ) mounted photographs have been examined by me. Additional citations: CHINA: Anhwei: Cheng 390) (W—-167256) ; R. C. Ching 2977 (Ca~-37827, S, W—13058h); K. K. Ling 1189 [Herb. Univ. Nanking 775)] (Ca--25920h) . Chekiang: Barchet 557 (W-- 596119); Chiao son. [Herb. Univ. Nanking 18896], in part (W— 1654165). Hupeh: A. Henry 6127 (N); Z. H. Wilson 132 (N, W— 59679), 2193 (W—-777380) , 2195 (Gg—-31986—isotype, N—photo of type, W—-777381—isotype) . “Kiangsi: Chiao 1606 [Herb. Univ. Nan- king 18595] (N, W--155l132), 1612 [Herb. Univ. Nanking 18601] (N, W—155120, Ws), 18625 (N); Chung & Sun 176 (N), 406 (N); Ip sen. {[Herb. Univ. Nanking 1),02] (Ca—23038h); La Lau 409 (S (S, W—-175 3085) ; A. N. Steward s.n. [Herb. Univ. Nanking 2,26) nies Bz—17569, Ca— 230390, Io—11}02h, Mv, W—1279528); E. H. Wilson 1530 (wW— 717230), 1531 (W—777231) . Kiangsu: Cheng 578 (W—1626810) . Kwangsi: Role C. Ching 5666 (Ca—0973, N, W—12,8672). Kwangtung: Herb. Canton Chr. Coll. 12677 (#—12):7930) ; C. O. Levine s.n. (Herb. Canton Chr. Coll. 1751] (W—87720), SNe (Herb. Canton Chr. Coll. 3353] (W~1270927); E. D. Merrill 11212 (ca—301088, Ca-—992556, Ge—31978, N); We ie Tsang ig 21306 (Ca--1127h, Te NOON, S); Tsui 450 (N). Shantung: | Chiao 10 2916 (N, N, W—-1599069) ; Zimmermann 2 210, in part (S). ~Shensi: Purdom 909 (W—-1092865) Szechuan: Fang 2529 (N); T. C. Lee 3735 (W--199023k)5; H. Smith 10025 (Go). ¢ CHINESE COASTAL ISLANDS: Hainan: A. Henry s Son. (Prov. Hainan] (W--)562),3); How 71071 (W~—1675815). HONGKONG: 1967 Moldenke, Monograph of Callicarpa Tal Weiss 1705 (Bz—17662). KOREA: E. H. Wilson 8729 (W--105)150) , 9405 (W--105)190), 1058 (W—105425)) . WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: JAPAN: Amakusa: Hayakawa's collector A. (Ca--32069). Honshiu: Alling s.n. [Hondo, 1892] (N); Kobayashi 13608 (S). CULTIVATED: England: 1. I. R. Jones 637-25 (Ba). Massachusetts: Rehder s.n. (E. H. Wilson 633] 33) (Ur), se sen. [Arnold Arb., Aug. 8, 1919] (Ur); Sears s.n. [Arnold Arb. 6712=1-A] (Ba). New York: MacDaniels Se n. [West H Hill, Ithaca, July 10, 190] (Ba). ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE GENUS CASTELIA. II Harold N,. Moldenke Additional & emended bibliography: A. L. Juss., Ann, Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. Paris 7: 69--70. 1806; Hook., Bot. Misc. 1: 159 & 172. 1829; Bocq., Adansonia 3: [Rev. Verbenac.] 236. 1863; F. Phil., Cat. Pl. Vasc. Chil. 217 & 221. 1881; Jacks. in Hook. f. & Jacks., Ind. Kew. 2: 493 & 628 (1894) and 2: 1179. 1895; M. Kunz, Anatom. Untersuch. Verb. 55. 1911; Baeza, Nomb. Vulg. Pl. Silv., ed. 2, 63, 176, & 263. 1930; K. Ve 0. Dahlgren, Svensk. Bot. Tidsk. 32: 231. 1938; Ragonese, Revis. Invest. Agric. 5: 81, 83, & 205-206. 1951; Acevedo de Vargas, Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Chile 25: ho— 41. 1951; Darlington & Wylie, Chromosome Atl., pr. 1, 32h & 50h. 1955; Angely, Cat. Estat. Gen. Bot. Fan. 17: 3. 1956; Angely, Fl. Paran. 7: 4. 1957; Moldenke, Phytologia 6: 232--2)1. "1958; Tron- coso, Darwiniana 11: 597. 1959; Mufioz Pizarro, Sin. Fl. Chil. 199. 1959; Moldenke, Biol. Abstr. 36: 2311. 1961; Darlington & Wylie, Chromosome Atl., pr. 2, 32h & 50h. 1961; Moldenke, Phytologia 7: 368. 1961; Soukup, Biota 4: 11. 1962; Hocking, Excerpt. Bot. A.5: 42 (1962) and A.6: 533. 1963; Moldenke, Phytologia 12: 6. 1965. The Hooker (1829) reference cited above is sometimes incorrect- ly dated "1330". Soukup (1962) reports that the tubers of Castelia are edible. CASTELIA CUNEATO-OVATA Cav. Recent collectors describe this plant as 20-—-]\0 cm. tall, bear- ing edible tubers and fleshy leaves, inhabiting wet clay slopes and weedy places by irrigation ditches, at 1—2800 meters altitude, fruiting in January and June. The corollas are described as white" on T. Meyer 3883 and Pfister s.n., "violet" on Angulo & Ridoutt Saige "lilac" on C4rdenas 371. 3712, "rose" on Venturi 788, ~ and "purple" on H. H. Bartlett 20480. Th The vernacular name "papilla", recorded by Philippi for this sp species, is applied also to Valeri- ana papilla DC. Material of C. cuneato-ovata has been misidenti- fied and distributed in herbaria as Labiatae sp. Troncoso (1959) makes the following interesting comment: "Es h2 POH YT) OnL 'O:Gor 'é Vol. 15, ‘nowal interesante hacer notar que con Priva boliviana, el género Priva Adans. queda definitivamente incorporado al catd&logo de la flora argentina, con una especie que le pertenece sin discusién. Habfa quedado eliminado del mismo al ser exclufda del género su hasta hace poco finico representante argentino, Priva cuneato-ovata (Cav.) Rusby (sin.: Priva laevis Juss.), planta comin en el cen- tro y oeste argentino. Se ha vuelto a considerarla como género aparte, Castelia Cav., reconociéndose hasta hace poco como Castelia cuneato-ovata Cav. Recientemente, J. Caro, en las Cu- artas Jornadas Argentinas de BotAénica en Cérdoba, rechaza el género Castelia Cav. por nomen regiciendum y considera la planta especie de Pitraea Turcz." Personally, I see no valid reason for rejecting the generic name, Castelia, since it was validly published in 1801, while the Castelia of Liebmann was not published until 1853 and has since been replaced by Neocastela Small. Additional citations: PERU: La Libertad: Angulo & Ridoutt 233 (S). BOLIVIA: Potos{: C4rdenas 3712 (W--1909)79). CHILE: Anto- fagasta: Pfister s.n. [Calama, 2-1-1950] (Ac). Arica: Jaffuel 1612 (W--1659377). ARGENTINA: Cérdoba: Fabris 1199 (W—21L)793). Jujuy: Venturi 865 (Du--372503), 859h (Du--372505). La Rioja: Venturi 7848 ( (Du--37250)) . Mendoza: H H. He Bartlett 19370 (Mi, W--19039). Salta: Hjerting, Petersen, & Rahn 338 (8); ' I. Meyer 3883 [Herb. Inst. Miguel Lillo 35686] (c); c. C. Skottsberg Sen. [Cafayate, 19/10/1949] (Go). Tucwm4n: Dinelli s.n. (Herb. Inst. Miguel Lillo 32459] (Du--317606); Schreiter s.n. [Herb. Inst. Miguel Lillo 32600] (W--1802554).~ PARTIAL REVIEW OF DOTY & MUELLER-DOMBOIS' "ATLAS", AND NEW TAXA IN HAWAIIAN RUBIACEAE, II Otto & Isa Degener We fear Maxwell S. Doty and Dieter Mueller-Dombois' "Atlas of Bioecology. Studies in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park" is marred by certain plant determinations conveniently summarized in Chap- ter VI, D., under authorship of F. R. Fosberg. Being residents less than a mile from Park Headquarters where its herbarium is deposited, we have begun the study of the specimens available and here take the opportunity to correct part of Dr. Fosberg's anno- tated list, so far as our present opinions dictate. We are handi- capped in many cases, unfortunately, by the absence in the herbar- ium of voucher specimens mentioned in the "Atlas". Some of these may be in the United States National Herbarium, New York Botanical 1967 O. & I. Degener, Partial review 43 Garden and B, P. Bishop Museum; others are on loan to Dr. Fosberg, as mentioned by him on page ish, and by a note in his handwriting in the Park herbarium dated September but without the specified year. Wherever a number in the "Atlas" does not coincide due to an obvious typographical error with that of the sheet in the Park herbarium, we do not bother to correct the slip. The list of plants that existed in the past and that exist here now within the Park boundary would be augmented if Park specimens collected in past years by numerous botanists and scat- tered in American and European institutions were more easily a- vailable for study. The senior reviewer, for instance, collected within the Park area frequently since 1922, most of his collec- tions being deposited at the New York Botanical Garden and the University of Massachusetts. Future compilers of the Park flora should watch for such specimens, checking and when necessary up- dating their often archaic nomenclature. The present review not only changes nomenclature to our liking, but adds new records of taxa based on our own recent field work in the area covered. Regarding the ferns and "fern allies", we are glad that Douglass H. Hubbard in "Ferns of Hawaii National Park" has produced a work that has aided the Park visitor since 1952 in identifying the species about him. We regret Dr. Fosberg did not follow the superior Eubbard compilation as a model. OPHIOGLOSSACEAE Atlas page 155. Ophioderma falcatum (Presl) Degener, according to our opinion, is our correction for his Ophioglossum pendulum var. falcatum (Presl) Fosberg. GLEICHENIACEAE Page 155. Dicranopteris emarginata W. J. Robinson is our correc- tion for his Gleichenia linearis (Bum. f.) C. B. Cl. This is represented in the herbarium by Morley 122-H. Voucher specimen Eggler 265, like so many others listed by Fosberg, is missing. Perhaps it is the following species: P. 155. Dicranopteris linearis var. maxima (Christ.) Deg. & Deg. Fosberg recognizes neither the genus Dicranopteris nor the spe- cies D. emarginata, in our opinion a double error. As Fagerlund & Mitchell in their "Checklist of Plants" (19) and Hubbard in his "Ferns Haw. Nat. Park" (1952) list only the hairy species, and not the glabrous one, as occurring within the Park boundary as it existed in their times, Fosberg's record of the latter may be un- founded. He deposited no specimen in the Park herbarium to prove his point; nor have we came across authentic material in either herbaria or the wild. HYMENOPHYLLACEAE P. 156. Sphaerocionium lanceolatum (Hook. & Arn.) Copel., is the modern name for his Hymenophyllum lanceolatum Hook. & Arn. hh PHY TOD OG TA Vol. 15, no. 1 P, 156. Sphaerocionium obtusum (Hook. & Arn.) Copel., is his Hymenophyllum obtusum Hook. & Arn. P, 156. Mecodium recurvum (Gaud.) Copel., is his Hymenophyllum recurvum Gaud. P, 156. Vandenboschia cyrtotheca (Hillebr.) Copel., is his Trichomanes cyrtotheca Hillebr. Fosberg's "Trichomanes davalli- oides Gaud.", more correctly known as Vandenboschia davallioides (Gaud.) Copel., is merely his misidentification of Morley 11)-H for the same species. This Vandenboschia is not represented in the Park herbarium at all. It is listed, however, by synonym both by Fagerlund & Mitchell and by Hubbard. P. 156. Gonocormus minutus (Bl.) v. d. Bosch is his Trichomanes saxifragoides Presl. PTERIDACEAE P. 156. Adiantum capillus-veneris L., we have not yet seen with- in the Park boundary, and a voucher specimen is much desired for inclusion in its herbarium to settle the question as to whether it really occurs here. We join with Fosberg in the belief that this record is based in error on the naturalized A. cuneatum Langsd. & Fisch. P. 164. Cibotium chamissoi Kaulf., the prickly treefern, Fosberg lists in error as C. menziesii Hook. P. 164. Cibotium glaucum Hook. & Arn., is ubiquitous in many areas but Fowler 239, listed by Fosberg as such, is a novelty awaiting formal description and naming by Dr. V. Krajina in his forthcoming monograph of the genus. The true C. glaucum, repre- sented by the vouchers Fowler 2)1 and Stone 298, Fosberg identi- fied in error as C. splendens (Gaud.) Krajina, a species common on Oahu. His record of C. splendens, until authentic material should be collected, is very questionable indeed. P. 164. Cibotium hawaiiense Nakai & Ogura, listed and figured by Hubbard, is missing from Fosberg's list without explanation. P. 164. Cibotium splendens (Gaud.) Krajina, appearing in Fosberg's list, is based on errors of identification, as mentioned above. We would omit it as a component of the Park flora. P. 159. Doryopteris decipiens (Hook.) J. Sm., alone and partially hybridized with the common D. decora Brack., Fosberg lists as Deryopteris decora var. decipiens (Hook.) Tryon. P. 162. Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link is the silverfern as Fosberg states correctly, but we do not agree with him that the goldfern is the same species. Here we prefer to follow Neal, "In Gardens of Hawaii" (1965), in calling it the following: P. 162. Pityrogramma chrysophylla (Sw.) Link. Copeland under the genus in his "Genera Filicum" (197) stated that "Once the most popular cultivated ferns, these are still very common in culture, and in bewildering variety. They hybridize freely in cultivation, 1967 O. & I. Degener, Partial review hs and presumably in nature, which makes their specific identifica- tion difficult or impossible." Though the silver- and goldferns hybridize in the Park, we do not consider this miscegenation suf- ficient grounds for Dr. Fosberg to lump two species into one. P. 163. Pteris vittata L., an introduced fern of the Old World tropics, is listed in error by Fosberg as Pteris longifolia L., a fern of the New. The former, besides other characters, does not have articulate, deciduous pinnae so prominent in the latter. POLYPODIACEAE P. 163. Adenophorus sarmentosus (Brack.) K. A. Wilson is his Polypodium sarmentosum Brack. P. 162. Amphoradenium hymenophylloides (Kaulf.) Copel., is his Polypodium hymenophylloides Kaulf. P. 163. Amphoradenium tamariscinum (Kaulf.) Copel., is his Poly- podium tamariscinum Kaulf. P. 162. Grammitis hookeri (Brack.) Copel., is his Polypodium hookeri Brack. P. 163. Grammitis tenella Kaulf., is his Polypodium pseudo- grammitis Gaud. P. 162. Pleopeltis thunbergiana Kaulf., is his Polypodium thunbergianum (Kaulf.) C. Chr. P. 162. Polypodium pellucidum var. vulcanicum Skottsb., is his Polypodium pellucidum Kaulf., almost without exception. P. 162. Polypodium scolopendrium Burn. f., or perhaps better Phymatodes scolopendria (Bum. f.) Ching, is his Polypodium scolopendria Burm. f. P. 163. Xiphopteris saffordii (Maxon) Copel., is his Polypodiwm saffordii Maxon. ASPIDIACEAE P. 160. Elaphoglossum hirtum var. micans (Mett.) C. Chr., is the local taxon of his Elaphoglossum hirtum rtum (Sw.) C. Chr., which was apparently first described from Jamaica. P. 160. Elaphoglossum wawrae (Luerss.) C. Chr., is his Elapho- glossum alatum Gaud., represented by Nos. Morley 32-H (evidently a misprint for 22=-H), 139-H and F & M 685. What he would con- sider F & M 695 to be we do not know as the specimen is missing in the herbarium. P. 159. Cyclosorus cyatheoides (Kml1f.) Farwell is his Dryopter- is cyatheoides (Kaulf.) Kuntze. P. 159. Cyclosorus dentatus (Forsk.) Ching is his Dryopteris den- tata (Forsk.) C. Chr. P. 160. Cyclosorus sandwicensis (Brack.) Copel., is his Dryopter- is stenogrammoides [sic] (Baker) C. Chr. 46 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 15, no. 1 P. 159. Lastrea globulifera Brack., is his Dryopteris globulif- era (Brack.) P. 160. Lastrea torresiana (Gaud.) Moore, an Asiatic plant, is mistaken for Dryopteris setigera (Bl.) Kuntze. P. 160. Dryopteris keraudreniana (Gaud.) C. Chr., is the correct spelling for his D. keraudraniana. BLECHNACEAE P, 163. Sadleria pallida Hook. & Arn., is his Sadleria hille- brandii W. J. Rob. This fern, so conspicuous by its prominent, almost translucent veins, is most easily observed in the wetter jungle along the Byron Ledge Trail. Here it occasionally hybrid- izes with the almost ubiquitous S. cyatheoides Kaulf., charac- terized by obscure venation. Such hybridization, in all possible degrees, is rampant beyond the Park boundary about the village of Volcano, where bulldozing has not yet destroyed the magnificent, pristine jungle. ASPLENIACEAE P. 157. Asplenium macraei f. strictum (Brack.) Skottsb., we prefer for his Asplenium macraei var. stricta [sic] (Brack.) Hieron. P. 157. Neottopteris nidus (L.) J. Sm., we prefer for his As- plenium nidus L. LYCOPODIACEAE P. 164. Lycopodium cernuum var. crassifolium Spring is his Lycopodium cernuum L. We have seen no authentic material in the Islands of the species itself. Fosberg states that "Gametophytes have been found in steam cracks at Kilauea," yet fails to cite the senior reviewer's article in the bibliography on page )h9 of the "Atlas" about it. This article appeared in Bot. Gaz. 80: 26-6. 1925. SELAGINELLACEAE P. 165. Selaginella arbuscula (Kaulf.) Spring is correctly iden- tified by Fosberg so far as vouchers "s. Coll. 369 and M-D H-102" are concerned. His "Morley 186-11," however, because of the char- acter of the leaves, is the var. menziesii mentioned below. P. 165. Selaginella arbuscula var. menziesii (Hook. & Grev.) Skottsb., is the correct disposition of most of his material labeled Selaginella menziesii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring. PSILOTACEAE P. 165. Psilotum complanatum forma fosbergii Deg. & Deg., is his Psilotum "complanatum" Sw. We mentioned in our Flora Hawaii- ensis under Family 21 on April 30, 1959 that we considered two varieties of this genus existed. The taxon fosbergii, after more 1967 O. & I. Degener, Partial review 7 extended study of Psilotum material in the Marie C. Neal Herbar- ium of the Bishop Museum, we finally judged on May 1, 1966 to be only a form rather than a variety. P. 165. Psilotum nudum var. oahuense (Mueller) Deg. & Deg., is his Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv. Perhaps it is not out of place to mention here that the Hawaii- an flora is a difficult one, anc a challenge to many workers living in many regions. Thus for the ferns and flowering plants of our archipelago Chock of Honolulu, for example, concentrated on Sophora; Kern of Leiden on certain Cyperaceae; Krajina of Van- couver on Cibotium; the late Rock of Honolulu on Cyrtandra, and on Lobeliaceae later revised by the late Wimmer of Vienna; the late Sherff of Chicago on many Araliaceae, many Caryophyllaceae, many Compositae, many Euphorbiaceae, Labordia, some Leguminosae, and Pittosporum; the late Skottsberg of Gothenburg on Astelia, Pipturus, Santalum, Scaevola, Vaccinium and Wikstroemia; Sleumer of Leiden on Styphelia; Stone of Kuala Lumpur on Pelea; the late Yuncker of Greencastle on Peperomia; Wagner of Ann Arbor on Diellia; Fosberg of Falls Church on several genera of Rubiaceae; etc. The latter botanist deals with the Rubiaceae of the Park in great detail, listing trivial and even hybrid taxa as he under- stands them. We feel that the other workers mentioned above, specialists in their respective genera, are more or less similar- ly experts and hence feel that their opinions regarding plants are worthy of mention in equal detail to that of the Rubiaceae. This deficiency in the "Atlas" we shall try to rectify regarding all Park flowering plants in a subsequent Partial Review. The science of taxonomy advances not by leaps and bounds but more often by step after faltering step. In the case of the genus Gouldia represented in the Park, we believe we brought Dr. Fos- berg's monumental work (Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: 1-82. 1937) a step nearer the truth in the disposition of many lesser taxa (Phytolo- gia 7: 65-467. 1961, repeated in error with a little change in 14: 213-21). 1967). It was not until the publication of Pacific Science 17: 21-23. 1963, by Dr. Robert L. Wilbur, a former resi- dent of the Islands, that we realized Gouldia affinis (DC.) Wilbur takes precedence over G. terminalis (H. & A.) Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. 168. 1888. As we have not noted any pertinent comments nor corrections by Dr. Fosberg in the literature though he has had several years time to do so, we take another faltering step in an attempt to improve or knowledge of Gouldia taxa. We follow the lead of Dr. Skottsberg who, in Arkiv fUr Botanik [Stockholm] 314 (4): 1h. 19hh, states that "Fosberg recognized only 3 species, one of these with a great number of varieties and forms. Some of these are, in my opinion, good species......." Many of these (G. antiqua (Fosb.) Skottsb., G. cordata (Wawra) Fosb., G. gracilis (Fosb.) Skottsb., G. kaala [sic] (Fosb.) Skottsb., G. macrothyrsa 8 PoHner. T.Onbe0 Gui A Vol. 15, noe 1 (Fosb.) Skottsb., G. purpurea (Fosb.) Skottsb.) Dr. Skottsberg raised to the more proper rank in Acta Horti Gotob. 15: 66, 517. 194. We agree with Dr. Skottsberg, and here make some desired changes of our own. 1. Gouldia affinis var. gracilis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. terminalis f. gracilis Fosb. in Bull. B. P. Bishop Mus. 17: 29. 1937. (Oahu). 2.G. affinis var. robusta (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. f. ro- “busta Fos Fosb. ibid. 17: 29. 1937. (Oahu). 3. G. . angustifolia (Fosb. ) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. beta “Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. 169. 1888 (in part) and G. t. var. an- gustifolia Fosb. ibid. 147: 43. 1937. (Molokai). 4. G. antiqua (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. antiqua Fosb. “ibid. 147: 5h. 1937. (Hawaii). 5. G. antiqua var. acuta (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. an- " tigqua f. acuta Fosb. ibid. 147: 55. 1937. (Hawaii). 6. G. antiqua var. hirtellifolia (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. te var. antiqua f. hirtellifolia Fosb. ibid. 147: 55. 1937. (Hawaii). 7. G. antiqua var. kauensis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. “antiqua f. kavensis Fosb. ibid. 17: 55. 1937. (Hawaii). 8. G. antiqua var. kehenaensis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. antiqua f. kehena [sic] Fosb. ibid. 147: 5h. 1937. We have altered the trivial orthography because of the mandate expressed by Article 73, Note 3 and recommendation 73D of the 1961 International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. (Hawaii). 9. G. antiqua var. oblonga (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. "antiqua fs oblonga Fos Fosb. in Brittonia 8 (3): 176. ie 1956 (Hawaii). 10. G. aspera (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. aspera Fosb. in Brittonia 8 (3): 175. 1956. (Hawaii). ll. G. axillaris f. glabriflora (sphalm for ee (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., in Phytologia 7: 66. 1961 and 2 L967 5 was G. hillebrandii var. typica f. glahriflora Boers in Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: 60. 1937. (Maui). We are not using the binomial G. hillebrandii as we are not convinced Wawra's type is an Saari recent hybrid. Skottsberg preceded us in this suspicion (Acta Horti Gotob. 15: 467. 194) that "Fos- berg's idea that the name axillaris cannot be used because Wawra's axillaris should be a hybrid is not supported by Wawra's collection, all of which I have examined." A breed- ing project, never attempted before, sponsored by IBP of al- leged species, varieties, forms and. hybrids in Gouldia would be very revealing. G. bobeoides (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. bobeoides Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: 37. 1937. (Hawaii). 12 1967 O. & I. Degener, Partial review 9 13. 19. 20. 2l. 22. 23. 2h. G 25.G 26. G. cirrhopetiolata Lévl. (Fedde Repert. Spec. Nov. Veg. 10: 150. 1911) is based on Faurie 3) from "Molokai: Pukoo" and on Faurie 16 from "Maui: Yao valley." If one of these spec- imens, like G. axillaris, were not a hybrid after all and were mraperly chosen as Lectotype, some one must take a further step in correcting the nomenclature of Gouldia taxa, G. cirrhopetiolata hardly comes under Article 69 of the Code whereby a "name must be rejected if it is used in different senses and so has become a long-persistent source of error.® We suspect Dr. Fosberg erred in considering it one of his a and doubtful names" (Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: 6). eal )0 G. congesta (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. congesta Fosb. ibid. 147: 55. 1937. (Hawaii). G. cordata var. nealiae (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. cordata f. nealae [sic] Fosb. ibid. 147: 45. 1937. ’, (Maui). The orthography has “has been corrected to meet the requirements of recommendation 73C(b) of the Code. G. crassicaulis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. crassi- caulis Fosb. ibid. 147: 56. 1937. (Maui). G. degeneri (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. degeneri Fosb. ibid. 147: 39. 1937. (Oahu). G. elongata var. hirtellicostata (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. a var. elongata f. hirtellicostata Fosb. ibid. 147: 33. 1937. (Kauai). G. elongata var. kahiliensis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. elongata f. kahili [sic] Fosb. ibid. 147: 33. 1937. (Kauai). The orthography has been corrected to meet the re- requirements of recommendation 73D of the Code. G. forbesii (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. forbesii Fosb. ibid. 17: 57. 1937. (Hawaii). G. fosbergii Deg. & Deg., was G. sandwicensis var. arborescens Wawra in Flora 57 (18): 276. 187h, not G. arborescens (Wawra) Heller in Minn. Bot. Stud. 1: 896. 1897; | G. t. var. arborescens f. euarborescens Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 17: 31. 1937... (Kauai). G. fosbergii var. albicaulis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. arborescens f. albicaulis Fosb. ibid. 1)7: 32. 1937. | (Kauai). G. fosbergii var. macrophylla (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var, arborescens f. macrophylla Fosb. ibid. 147: 32. 1937. | cna e G. glabra (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. glabra f. eu- glabra Fo Fosb. ibid. 147: 36. 1937. (Hawaii). Ge G. glabra var. parvithyrsa (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. glabra f. parvithyrsa Fosb. ibid. 17: 36. 1937. (Hawaii). G. glabra var. waipioensis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. coriacea 50 27. 28. 7A 30. & 31. 32. 33. 3h. reo ys T*OrbsO Gir-k Vol. 15, nower var. e Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. 168. 1888. (Hawaii) G. hathewayi (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. hathewayi Fosb. in Brittonia 8 (3): 17h. 1956. (The correct spelling for the locality is Mokuleia, not "Moluleia', Oahu). G. hosakae (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. hosakai [sic] Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: 38. 1937. (Hawaii). The orthography has been corrected to meet requirements of recom- mendation 73C(a) of the Code. G. kaalana (Fosb.) Skottsb., was G. t. var. kaala [sic] Fosb. ibid. 147: 49. 1937, and G. kaala [sic] Skottsb. in Acta Horti Gotob. 15: 466. 194. The | specific orthography has been altered by us because of the mandate expressed by Article 73, Note 3 and Recommendation 73D of the Code. G. kapuaensis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. kapuaensis f. eukapuaensis Fosb. ibid. 17: 39. 1937. (Hawaii). kapuaensis var. pittosporoides (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was Ge t. var. kapuaensis f. pittosporoides Fosb. ibid. 147: 39. 1937. (Hawaii). G. kapuaensis var. rigidifolia (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. kapuaensis f. rigidifolia Fosb. ibid. 17: 39. 1937. (Hawaii). G. kapuaensis var. rigidifolioides (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. kapuaensis f. rigidifolioides Fosb. in Brittonia 8 (3): 174. 1956. (Hawaii). G. kapuaensis var. violetiae (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. kapuaensis f. violetae [sic] Fosb. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 70: 392. 1943. (Hawaii). The varietal name, here cor- rected to meet requirements of the Code, honors the collector, Mrs. F. R. Fosberg. G. konaensis (Fosb. ) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. konaensis f. eukonaensis Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: 38. 1937. (Hawaii). G. konaensis var. latifolia (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. konaensis f. latifolia Fosb. ibid. 147: 38. 1937. (Hawaii). Ge G. lamaiensis (Fosb. ) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. lanai [sic] Fosb. ibid. 1h7: 59. 1937. (Lanai). The orthography is changed according to mandates of the Code. G. macrocarpa var. cuneata (Fosb. ) Deg. & Deg., was G. sand- wicensis var. hirtella forma alpha Wawra in Flora 57 (19): 295. 187,, and G. t. var. macrocarpa f. cuneata Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: 35. 1937. (Kauai). G. macrocarpa var. sambucina (Heller) Deg. & Deg.,was G. sam- bucina Heller in Minn. Bot. Stud. 1: 898. 1897. (Kauai). G. mac macrocarpa var. sclerophylla (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. te var. macrocarpa f. sclerophylla Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. T7635. 19597 sy. (Kauad) . G. macrocarpa var. teres (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. macrocarpa f. teres Fosb. ibid. 147: 36. 1937. (Kauai). G. iB 1967 O. & I. Degener, Partial review 51 42. 43. Lhe 45. 6. 47. 48. 9. 50. 51. 52. 53. G. munroi (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. st.-johnii var. munroi Fosb. ibid. 147: 63. 1937. (Lanai). G. myrsinoidea (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. myrsinoidea Fosb. in Brittonia 8 (3): 176. 1956. (Hawaii). G. osteocarpa (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. arborescens Heller in Minn. Bot. Stud. 1: 896. 1896, not Ga sandwicensis var. arborescens Wawra in Flora 57 (18): 276. 1874, but G. t. var. osteocarpa Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 17: 33. 1937. (Kauai). G. ovata (Wawra) Skottsb. (not a nomen nudum as expressed by Fosberg because Skottsberg, according to Article 32 of the Code, referred to a previously, effectively published descrip- tion in his Acta Horti Gotob. 15: 465. 1944), was G. sandwi- censis var. ovata Wawra in Flora 57 (18): 278. 186). ~ (Maui). This new specific name should legitimize, if there should be any doubt, the following trivial taxa for which the proper synonymy is found in Fosberg, Bull. Bishop Mus. 147. 1937, and cited by us in our articles appearing in Phytologia 6: 4,66. 1961 and/or 14: 213-215. 1967: vars. heterophylla (olo- kai), lydgatei (Maui), makawaoensis (Maui), membranacea (Mai), oahuensis (Oahu), obovata (Lanai), petiolata etiolata (Molokai), santalifolia (Maui), storeyi (Molokai), suehiroae (Molokai), and wailauensis (Molokai) nobis. G. ovata var. kalaupapana (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. ovata cat. kalaupapa [sic] Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 17: Sl. 1937, and G. ovata var. kalaupapa [sic] (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg. in Phytologia 7: 466.1961. (Molokai). G. ovata var. maunahuiensis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G.t. var. ". ovata f. maunahui (sic] Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: Sl. 1937, : and G. ovata ovata var. maunahui [sic] (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg. in Phytologia 7: 466. 1961. (Molokai). G. ovata var. oahuensis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. ovata ta f. oahuensis Fosb. in Brittonia 8 (3)s 176. “1956. G. ov: ovata var. punaulana (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. ovata f. punaula [sic] Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 17: 53. 1937. (Molokai). G. ovata var. russii (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. kaala la [sic] f. russii Fosb. ibid. 17: 49. 1937, and G. t. var. ovata f. russii Fosb. in Brittonia 8 (3): 176. 1956. (Oahu). G. G. parvifolia (Wawra) Deg. & Deg., was G. sandwicensis var. parvifolia Wawra in Flora 57 (19): 296. 1874. (Maui). G. parvifolia var. subpilosa (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. ter- minalis var. parvifolia f. subpilosa Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Lf Mus. 1h7: 56. 1937. (Maui). G. parvula var. impressa (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. parvula f. f. impressa Fosb. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 7 70: 391. 19h3. (Maui). 52 Sh. 556 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 6h. 65. Pia Y T10vb0'G Dea Vol. 15, hos G. pedunculata (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. peduncula~ ta Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: 6.1937. (Hawaii). G. pseudodichotoma (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. terminalis var. pseudodichotoma Fosb. ibid. 147: 58. 1937. (Lanai). G. pubescens (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. pubescens Fosb. ibid. 147: 57. 1937. (eu) G. quadrangularis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. quad- rangularis Fosb. ibid. 147: 56. 1937. (Hawaii). G. rotundifolia (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. rotundi- folia Fosb. ibid. 147: 1. 1937. (Molokai). G. sclerotica (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. sclerotica Fosb. in Brittonia 8 (3): 175. 1956. (Hawaii). G. skottsbergii (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. skotts- bergii Fosb. in Bull. Bishop Mus. 147: 42. 1937. (Hawaii). G. stipulacea (Wawra) Deg. & Deg., was G. sandwicensis var. stipulacea Wawra in Flora 57 (19): 297. 187. (Kauai). G. stipulacea var. rockii (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. termin- alis var. stipulacea f. r f. rockii Fosb. in Bull. Bishop | Mus. 147: 43. 1937. (Kauai). G. subcordata (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. subcordata Fosb. ibid. 147: 44. 1937. (Lanai). G. tenuicaulis (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. tenuicau- lis Fosb. ibid. 147: 57. 1937. (Kauai). ae wawrae (Fosb.) Deg. & Deg., was G. t. var. wawrana [sic] Fosb. ibid. 147: 30. 1937. (Oahu). The specific orthography for the Viennese physician Heinrich Wawra is here corrected to wawrae according to Recommendation 73C(a) of the Code. A NEW WAME AND COMBINATION IN SAUHINIA (LEGUMINOSAE ) R. P. WUNDERLING During the course of study of the genus Bauhinia Section 3auhinia the author has found it necessary to change several taxa, resulting in the following new name and new combination: SAUHINIA MACRANTHERA Benth. ex Hemsl. var. GRAYANA Wunderlin, nom. nov. Bauhinia lunarioides Gray, in S. Wats. %ibl. Index 205. 1878. Nom. nud. Casparea lunarioides Gray ex %ritton & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 232212. 1930. Nom. illegit. BAUHINIA DIPETALA Hemsl. var. DESERTI (8ritton & Rose) Wunder- lin, comb. nov. Casparea deserti Sritton & Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 23:216. 1930. Bauhinia deserti (Gritton & Rose) Lundell, Vegetation of Peten 211. 1937. * Department of Botany, Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale 53 THE RUSIACHAE OF CERRO JEFE, PANAMA John De Dwyer and Sister M. Victorla Hayden SCN Dept. Biology, St. Louis University and Missouri Botanical Garden, Ste Louis, Missouri Cerro Jefe is a low mountain located in the Province of Panama in the Republic of Panama. It lies immediately northwest of Tocumen Airport and is about thirteen miles south of Goofy Lake. It favors the Pacific side of the Continental Divide and rises to only 2900 or 3000 ft clevation. It is easily accessible on foot. During the rainy season it is dangerous to drive there except in a heavy traction vehicle. Its summit is mist swept or rain swept throughout most of the year. The trees rarely exceed twenty five feet in height with Clusia dominating the upper story. The dominant phanerogams appear to be species of Bromeliaceae, Rubiaceae, and Melastomaceaes Psul Allen in 1946 made several collections on Cerro Jefe; two of these I have seen: Terminalia amazonica (Gmele) Exell (#3436) and Clethra lanata Me & Ge (#3437). Within the last threecyears the ‘summit has been visited by a mumber of botanists, especially by ee Tyson, Kurt Blum, Robert Godfrey,: Je Duke, and Je Dwyer. The following is a list of the species of Rubiaceae collected thus far on the summit of Cerro Jefe; numbered among these are the new species described in this paper. Recent collections on Cerro Jefe on March 12, 1967 by Je Dwyer, Ge Gauger, and K, Baker should yield additional hew species of Rubiaceae. Herbarium material is deposited in the Missouri Botanical Garden and in the U.S. Army Tropic Test Center, Miraflores Annex, Canal Zone. Borreria laevis (Lam) Griseb. Cephaelis elata Swe Cephaelis tomentosa Auble Chiococca alba (L.) Hitch. Coccocypselum glabrum DC. Dukea panamensis Dwyer Faramea jefensis Dwyer & Hayden Faramea loftonii Dwyer & Hayden Faramea papillata Dwyer & Hayden Genipa vulcanicola Standley Geophila herbaceum (Jacqe) Schum. Hillia tetrandra Sesse & Moce Isertia hypoleuca Benth. | Ixora floribunda (Rich.) Griseb. | Ladenburgia spe 5h 1967 Dwyer & Hayden, Rubiaceae of Cerro Jefe 55 Palicourea guianensis auble Palicourea tysonii Dwyer & Hayden Psychotria capitata R. & P. Psychotria erecta (Aubl.) Standley & Steyermark Psychotria lumrians Rusby Psychotria pithecobia Standley Psychotria racemosa (Aubl.) Willd. Psychotria suerrensis De Sm. Rondeletia salicifolia Dwyer & Hayden Sabicea villosa Re & Se Below are the new species found on the summit of Cerro Jefe together with taxa reoresenting noteworthy range extensions into or within Panama. 1. CHIONE BUXIFOLIA Dwyer & Hayden, spe nov. Frutex ad 3 m altus, omnino glaber, ramulis teretibus laevitus ultime rimosis. Folia stipulis ad 4 mm longis, lamina elliptica vel rhombico-elliptica, 2-4 cm longa, 1.2.8 cm lata, apice obtuso— acuta vel rotundo-obtusa, basi cuneata, coriacea supra plus fusca nitido-laeve, cOsta supra plana subtus prominula, venis lateralis 4 bene ascendentibus subdtus evanescentibus in sicco supra de pressis, marginibus conspicue revolutis. Infloresentiae breves, ad 2.5 cm longae, ca 2.5 cm latae, pedunculo ad 1.3 cm longo, ramulis primariis ternate dispositis, ad 1 cm longis, pedicellis (hic in fructu) ad 0.5 cm longis. Flores non visi. Fructus elliptici, ad 1-5 cm longi, 0.75 cm lati, in sicco nigri apice obtusi, lobulis calycis 4 persistentibus minutis, ad 1 m longis, vel mllis, seminibus solitariis durissimis magnis, endopermo biporoso (sect. transe). PANAMA: Cerro Jefe, 2700-3000 ft elev, Tyson, Dwyer & Blum 3291 (MO, Holotype). The stony drupaceous fruit whose endosperm is biporous in cross-section readily distinguishes this as a Chione, a genus which is limited to a few species in Mexico and Central America. The nearest relatives geographically are: Chione panamensis Steyermark from Cerro Horqueta, Prov. Chiriqui, Panama. It occurs at a much higher altitude (6500 ft) and has mech larger leaves with the secondary veins more numerous and prominent beneath. Chione guatemalensis Standley & Steyermark has extraordinary large leaves borne on elongate petioles. 56 POW YsTsO LeOuG erik Vol. 15, noua 2. FARAMEA JEFENSIS Dwyer & Hayden, spe nov. Frutex ad 7 m altus, ramulis fortiter arcuato-ascendentibus in sicco nigris, nodis dilatatis minute ciliolatis. Foliaa stipulis elongato-cylindricis ommino amplexiceulibus, 2.5 cm longis, vagina apice acuta minute pubervla, petiolis ad 0.8 am longis; lamina anguste elliptica, 9-15 cm longa, 2=4.5 cm lata, apice longe cuspidata, cuspide ad 1.5 cm longa, ca 1e5 =m lata, basi cuneata, saepe inaequilateralis, coriacea laevis glabrescens, venis lateralibus ca 20, vix arcuatis subtus gracili-prominulis, vena marginale irregulari-undulata a margine ca 3 mm distante, marginibus vix crassis. Inflorescentiae contracto=cymosO=paniculatae, ad 2.5 cm longae, ad 3 cm latae, pedunculo vix deficiente, carnoso, ca 3 m lato, ramis ascendentibus, bracteis foliaceis ovatis, 2-4 cm 10ngis, 1-2 cm latis, apice longe cuspidato, cuspide ad 0.8 cm longo, glabris, variegatis in laminae medio albis, marginibus viridibus, eis omnino basin inflorescentiae tegentibus,. Flores pallide azrei, pedicellis ad 3 mm longis, hypanthio calyceque ed 6 mm longo, glabro; calyx cupulatus, ad 1.5 mm longus et ca 2 mm latus, dentibus 4, mimtis; corolla apice in gemmis clavata, tubo cylindrico, 912 mm longo, lobis 4, triangularibus (transe secte), ad $ mm longis, crassis; antherae 4, 3.5-4 m longae, infra medium tubi affixae; ovarium septo integro, parte superiore deficiente, ovulis 2, suborbicularibus, in parte connatis, stylo ca & mm longo, stigmatibus linearibus, ca 2 mm longis, erectis minute papillatis. Fructus non visi. PANAMA: Cerro Jefe: 2700-3000 ft alt, Tyson, Dwyer & Blum 3396 (MO, Holotype); Dwyer, Gauger & Baker 7279 (MO). Ke Schuman (in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. (4) 135. 1891) divided Faramea into 4 sections: Homocladus Muell.-Arg., Hypochasma Muell.-Arg., Tetramerium DC., and Eufaramea Muell.-Arge.. Only sect. Hypochasma has the stipules connate, the sheath being small and being truncate or with minute awns. The stipules of F. jefensis would seem to favor this section, except that they are not small but measure up to 2.5 cm in length. Thus it would seem appropriate to describe a new section for tne genus Faramea: Section Grandi- stipulata (Sectio Grandistipulata Dwyer & Hayden, sect. nove: stipulae magnae connatae; bracteae magnae foliaceae, 3 FARAMEA LOFTONII Dwyer & Hayden, spe nOVe Frutex, ramulis quadrangularibus laevibus glapris. Folia stipulis triangularibus, ad 4 mm longis, basi connatis, coriaceis 1967 Dwyer & Hayden, Rubiaceae of Cerro Jefe 57 petiolis 0.%0.5 cm longis, ¢labris, anguste alatis; lamina falcato- angusto-elliptica, 10-12 cm longa, 3-4 cm lata, apice acuta, ultime vix acuminata vel conspicue acwninata, acumine ad 0.7 cm longo, rare falcate disposito, basi acuta, papyracea, supra glabra, vvenis lateralibus 10-12, laxe arcuatis prominulis, venis intermediis grandibus irregularibus, muiltis areolis patulis, reticulatis. Inflorescentiae terminales, ad 4 cm longae, ad 4 cm latae, cymoso- paniculatae, pedunculo ad 2 cm longo, 0.15 cm lato, glabro, ramis 3-4 divergentibus vel ascendentims, ad 1.2 cm longis, cymilis terminal- ibus #6 flores ferentibus, bractels inferioribus rare persistentibus lineari-ellipticis, ad 15 mm longis, cal.e5 mm latis, rigidis elabris venosis. Flores albi, pedicoellis 1.5=—3 mm longis, glabris; hypanthiun ca 0.5 mm longum; calyx urceolatus, ca 1.3 mm longus, truncatus, dent- ibus evanescentibus; corolla tubo cylindrico, ca 10 mm longo, lobis 4 crassis, 54 mm longis; antherae oblongae, ca 4 mm longae, obtusae, filamentis proxime medium tubi affixis; ovarium septo basi lomli disposito atque gracili, ovulis 2, dorsaliter contiguis (long. sect.), stylo 11-12 mm longo, stigmatibus nigris marcescentibus papillatis. Fructug non visi. PANAMA: Cerro Jefe, 2700-3000 ft alt, Tyson, Dwyer & Blum 3323 (MO, Holotype) The new species resembles_F. talamancarum Standley kmown from Bocas del Toro, Panama and adjacent Costa Rica. It differs in having thinner leaves which are not ovate in shape or conspicuously caudate at the apex. The flowers of the new species are white, while they are blue in F. talamancarun, The species is named in honor of Dr. Horace Loftin of Florida State University who has contributed much to the biology of Panama and was one of the first scientists to recognize the biological richness of the summit of Cerro Jefe. 4, FARAMEA PAPILLATA Dwyer & Hayden, sp. nOve Frutex ad 3 m altus, omnino glaber, ramlis subplano-compressis. Folia stipulis basi connatis, dimorphis vel parvis compresso~rotundis, apice elonzato-cuspidatis, cuspide ad 0.25 cm longa, vel ellipticis, ad O./ cm longis, acuminatis, cicatricibus stipularum conspicuis, ad 0.4 cm longis, petiolis 1-1.5 cm longis; lamina elliptica, 12-145 cm longa, 557.5 cm lata, apice rotundata ultime obtusa, coriacea nitida in sicco bullata vel papillata bicolor, costa subtus prominente, venis lateralibus 10-12 arcuatis, vena marginale conspicua irregulari-e undulata, a margine ca 5 mm distante, areolis subtus prominentibus. Inflorescentiae terminales umbelliformmi-paniculatae, ad 5.5 cm 58 PH Yor Oni ROnGe lA Vol. 15)°moeee longae, ad 6 cm latae, pedunculo laeve, ad 1.6 cm longo, ca 0.3 cm lato, ramis primariis ! aequalibs rigide forteque ascendentibus, ramis terminalibus ternate dispositis, aequalibuse, ca 1 cm longis, floribus in utroque ramlo ternate dispositis. Flores hypanthio urceolato, ad 3 mm longo, in sicco nigro; calyx coronarius, ca 1 m longus (in fructw immaturo ad 4 mm longo) brunneus, margine undulato. dentibus evanescentits; petala staminaque non visa; ovarium ovulis 2, semiorbicatiaribus contiguis, septo evanescente. Fructus (hic immatari) subrotundi, ad 0.5 cm longi, in sicco nigri laeves glabri. PANAMA: Cerro Jefe, 2700-3000 ft elev, Tyson, Dwyer & Blum 3234 (M0, Holotype); Tyson, Dyyer & Blum 3381 (MO The new species is probably assignable to Section Tetrameriun of Faranea as the calyx (in the flowering stage) is small, the stipules are aristate and the cymules are non fasciate. The ternately disposed branches of F. papillata are striking. Faramea bullata Standley, based on a collection by G.P. Cooper (#509) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, and also mow from Colombia (Cuatrecasas 16997) has leaves which are similarly bullate. The leaves, however, are much more elongate than in the new speciss and are markedly 3=vlinerved. 5. GENIPA VULCANICOLA Standley, Field Muse Publ. Bot. 17: 213. 1917« PANAMA: Cerro Jefe: Duke 8026 (MO); Tyson 3397 (MO); Tyson, Dwyer & Blum py (MO) This is the first report of the species in Panama. It was describe from Guatemala. 6. HILLIA TETRANDRA Sesse & Moc., Fl. Mex. ed 2 84. 1893. PANAMA: Cocles: Cerro Valle Chiquito, 700-300 ft elev, Seibert 4Q5 (MO); Panama: E slope Cerro Jefe, 2700 ft elev, Tyson 3436 (MO) 7- RONDELETIA SALICIFOLIA Dwyer & Hayden, spe nOve Frutex ramulis glabris. Folia stipulis triangularibus, 2-3 | mm longis, integris persistentibus, subsessilia; lamina anguste elliptica, 7.5=10 cm longa, ad 4 cm lata, elongato-acuninata, acumine ad 1.5 cm longo, saepe falcate disposito, basi acuta, membranacea, supra glabra subtus in venis mimte pubescens, venis lateralibus 5-6 supra evanescentibus subtus prominulis, areolis 1967 Dwyer & Hayden, Rubiaceae of Cerro Jefe 59 reticulatis. Inflorescentiae terminales cymoso-pyramidato-paniculatae ca 1-5 cm longae, ca 1e5 cm latae, pedunculo pubescente, 2-2.5 cm longo, rammlis ternate dispositis, bracteis bractsolisque conspicue petaloideis, bracteis lineari-ellipticis, ad 7 mm longis, bracteolis crebre circum flores dispositis, Flores albi; hypanthium ellipticun, ca 1.5 mm longum, pudescens; calyx lobis 4, 2-3 in longitudine aequalibus, uno vel duobus petaloideis, lobis minoribus linearibus, ca 3 mm longis, maioritus ovatis, ad 7 mm longis, apice late acutis, pubdescentibus venosis; corolla tubo cylindrico, ca 3 mm longo (hic immaturo), apice conspicue clavato, basi intus minutissime pubes- centibus, lobis forte imbricatis suborbicularibus, hic quam tubo brevioritus, ca 1 mm longis; antherae 4 sessiles lineares, in medio tubj affixae; ovarium biloculare, septo crasso, placentis axillaribua, Ovulis numerosissimis planis suborbicularitus, stigmatibus lineari- bus, hic tubo aequalits, vix reflexis. Fructus non visi. PANAMA: Cerro Jefe, 2700-3000 ft elev, Tyson, Dwyer & Blum 3319 (MO, Holotype) Superficially the crowded expanded bracteoles which envelop the cymules resemble those of Cephaelis. Presumably there are two bracteoles per flower. The striking inaequality in length of the Galycine lobes is unique for the Central American species of Ronde- letia. On boiling, the inflorescence yields a red pigment. 8. SCHRADERA BLUMII Dwyer & Hayden, sp. nove Frutex scandens, ramlis quadrangularibus laevibus glabris rimosis. Folia stipulis caducis, cicatricibus stipularum on- spicuis, ca 1 mm longis, nodis 2-5 cm distantims, petiolis 1.52.5 cm longis, rigidis glabris; lamina angusto-oblonga, saepe falcato- oblonga, 7-10 cm longa, 3-4 cm lata, apice acuta vix acuminata, basi acuta et plerumque paullo inaequilaterale carnoso-coriacea glabra venis lateralibus rigide ascendentibus, supra evanescentibus subtus prominulis, areolis patulo-reticulatis, marginibus leviter revolutis. Inflorescentiae terminales in sicco nigrae, ad 4.5 cm longae, pedunculo ad 2 cm longo, ca 0.25 cm lato, floribus in umum globosum cymloso- Capitulum ageregatis, bracteis in sicco nigris, in cupulum ca 2.5 cm latum conjunctis, marginibus undulatis. Flores hypanthio oblongo- rotundo (hic in fructu immaturo), ad 10 mm longo, glabro; calyx cylindrico-urceolatus, ad 8 mm longus, truncatus, dentitus deficient-— ibus, Ovario biloculato, septo medio, placentis axillaribus. Fructus non vidimus praeter semina immatura, eis multis planis elongatis ellipticis, 1-1.3 mm longis, obtusis, testa minute favosa. 60 PrHSY TOW OrGr A Vol, 15, -nowae: PANAMA: Cerro Jefe, 2700-3000 ft elev, Tyson, Dwyer & Blum 3218 (MO, Holotype) This is the first report of this little known gems north of South America. The species is named in honor of Mr. Kurt Blum who has collected herbarium material on Cerro Jefe on several occasions. 9. PSYCHOTRIA LUXURIANS Rusby, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 6: 50. 1896. PANAMA: NEslope Cerro Jefe on road to Buenos Aires, 2600 ft elev, Tyson, Dwyer & Blum 3255 (MO); E slope Cerro Jefe, Tyson 3429 (MO); summit Cerro Jefe, Dwyer, Gauger & Baker 7298 (MO). Psychotria lumrians has been collected in only two Provinces of Panama, Darien and Panama. Presumably Panama represents the most northern range of the species. The Darien collection was made by MeEe Terry & ReAe Terry (#1524) on the Cana-Cuasi Trail at 4000 ft elev.eThe only other collection in the Province of Panama was made by Sister M. Victoria Hayden on Cerro Campana (#119). Tike species has been reported from Peru and Ecuador (Standley, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Bote 7: 307. 1931) and is kmown from several collections by Bang and Buchtien in Bolivia. CONTRIBUTION TO THE BRYOPHYTES OF THAILAND, I. Clyde F, Reed* and Harold Robinson** The present paper gives the results of a review of vari- ous collections of bryophytes sent to the senior author by the Curator of the Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department, Ban- kok, Thailand. The specimens have been collected by various workers dealing with the Flora of Thailand project. The speci-— mens, many of which were already named, have been identified or verified by the junior author and an attempt has been made to adopt names and species concepts consistent with recent papers and monographs cited. In a few cases synonymy is assumed on the bases of descriptions, The original specimens are in the Forest Herbarium in Bangkok, Duplicates are in the United States National Herbarium, Washington, D.C. and/or in the Reed Herbarium, Baltimore, Maryland. The following list includes 8 species of hepaticae (with two new combinations) and 55 species of Musci. Ecological data in regard to elevation and substrata are included where avail- able. HEPATICAE Lepidoziaceae Bazzania desciscens (Steph.) Hobinson, comb. nov. (Masti- obr desciscens Steph., Bull. Herb. Boiss., II, 8: 862-863. 1908). Peninsula: Nakawn Srithamarat, Khao Luang, elev. 1600 m, June 25, 3953. Phloenchit 594 A. (Flora of Thailand 1172A). Bazzania spiralis (Reinwardt, Blume et Nees) Robinson, comb, nov, (Jungermannia spiralis R., Bl. et N., Nova Acta Acad, Leop.-Carol., 12: 231. 1824. Peninsula: Nakawn Srithamarat, Khao Luang, on wet log, June 25. 1953, Phloenchit 593. (Flora of Thailand 1171). * Reed Herbarium, 10105 Harford Road, Baltimore, Maryland. 21234. ** Curator of Bryophytes, United States Nationa} Herbarium, Washington, D.C. 61 62 PHY TO LOG © A Vol... 15, mow 2 Frullaniaceae Frullania tamarisci (L.) Dum,, subsp. moniliata (R., Bl. et N.) Kamim, Central: Khao Khio, Khao Yai, N,. Rachasima, elev. 1400 m., on twigs and shrubs, Nov. 11, 1963. Tem Smiti- nand 8406, Le jeuneaceae Caulalejeunea fruticosa (L. et G.) Steph, Southeast: Trad, Chang Klav, Hui Rang, elev. 50 m., on branches of Mangifera in- dica, in village. Jan. 26, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1447. (Flora of Thailand 6670). Cololejeunea oshimensis (Horik,) Benedix Central: Khao Khio, Rachasima, elev. 14,00 m., on leaves in evergreen forest. Nov. 11, 1963. Tem. Smitinand 8419A. Colura acroloba (Mont.) S.J.A. Central: Khao Khio, Rachasima, elev. 1/400 m., on leaves in evergreen forest. Nov. 11, 1963. Tem Smitinand 8419B. Thysananthus aculeatus Herz. Peninsula: Khao Luang, Nakawn Srithamarat, elev. 600 m., on bark of tall tree, in hill evergreen forest. Nov. 5, 1959. Tem Smitinand 1027. (Flora of Thailand 5816). Schistochnilaceae Schistochila aligera (Nees) Steph, Peninsula: Nakawn Srithamarat, Khao Luang, elev. 1600 m., on wet log on hill ridge, June 25, 1953. Phloenchit 594B. (Flora of Thailand 1172B); Kiriwong, Khao Luang, on tree trunk in evergreen forest. Aug. 5, 1951, Tem Smitinand 886. (Flora of Thailand 5775). MUSCI Sphagnaceae Sphagnum junghuhnianum Doz. et Molk, Northeast: Phu Krading, elev, 1200 m., on moist rock in canyon, 4 km. NW of Reck Cabin. Feb. 28, 1959. Th. Sorensen, Kai Larsen & B, Hansen. (Flora of Thailand 6457) « Sphagnum khasianum Mitt. Northeast: Phu Krading, elev. 1200 m., on wet soil near waterfall, 4 km. NW of Rock Cabin. Feb, 28, 1959. Th. Sorensen & Kai Larsen. (Flora of Thailand 64,52). Fitting the broad concept of S, subsecundum Nees. Det. by B. Hansen as S. luzonense Warnst. 1967 Reed & Robinson, Bryophytes of Thailand 63 Sphagnum palustre L. Northeast: Phu Krading, elev. 1200 m., on wet soil at stream near Rock Cabin, Feb. 29, 1952. Kai Larsen & Bertel Hansen. (Flora of Thailand 6460); Loei, Phu Kra- ding, Huay Hinkong, elev. 1300 m., common among grasses cn moist rocky ground in pine forest. Mar. 12, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1158. (Flora of Thailand 6653). Det. by P. Arens as S, siamense Dix., and by G.O.K.Sainsbury as S. pseudocymbifolium C.Mull.; Phu Kra- ding, elev. 1200 m. Mar. 19, 1958. Th. Sorensen & Kai Larsen. (Flora of Thailand 2371), Det. Bertel Hansen. Fissidentaceae Fissidens hollianus var. semperfalcatus (Dix.) Norkett. (F. semperfalcatus Dix., det. by 2.B.Bartram)., Southeast: Chan- buri, Makham, Khao Mai Kaew, elev. 120 m., moss on ant—hill in as locality. Oct. 6, 1954. Bunnak 258. (Flora of Thailand 9377). Ditrichaceae Garckea phascoides (Hook.) C,MUll. Northern: Chiengmai, Mae Tang, Ban Mae Talai, elev. 445 m., on wet ground. Sept. 21, 1964. R. Suvarnasara 66. Wilsoniella pellucida var. acutifolia (Broth.)Dix. Cen- tral: Saraburi, Nam Tok, Sam Lan, on sandy ground. Nov. ld, 1964. R. Suvarnasara 71; Northern: Chiengmai, Mae Tang, Ban Mae Talai, elev. 445 m., on wet ground, Sept. 21, 1964. R. Suvar- nasara 69; (Selangor, Batu Caves, Dixon, p. 3. 1926, as Wil- soniella acutifolia Broth., ined.). Dicranaceae Campylopus gracilis (Mitt.) Jaeg. (?) Northern: Chieng— mai, Haud, Baw Luang, elev. 1434 m., on wet ground, Sept. 27, 1964. R. Suvarnasara 60, Campylopus richardii (Schwaegr.) Brid. sensu Dixon, as det. by H. Robinson; det. by P. Arens as C. serrulatus Lec.; det. by Sainsbury as C. siamensis bix.; det. by Bartram as C. umbellatus (Arn.) Bartr.}. Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Huay Hinkawng, elev. 1300 m., on rocks along edge of precipice. Mar. 12, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1156. (Flora of Thailand 6652). Dicranella brasiliensis (Dub.) Bartr. Northeast: Chieng-— mai, Haud, Baw Luang, elev. about 1434 m., on wet ground. Sept. 27, 1964. R. Suvarnasara 61. 6h, PA YUT OMiyOyGrTia Vol. 15, mowed Leucolomg molle (C.Mull.) Mitt. Southeast: V. Chanburi, Pong Nanrawn, Khao So: Soidao, elev. 1700 m., on tree trunks in hill evergreen forest. Jan. 23, 1956. Tem Smitinand 3227, (Flora of Thailand 14803). Leucobryaceae Leucobryum bowringii Mitt., var. sericeum (Broth.) Dix. Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Dawn Pawai, elev. 1300 m., on roots of trees in hill evergreen forest. Mar. 8, 1952. Tem. Smiti- nand 1098, (Flora of Thailand 6646). Det. G.O.K.Sainsbury. Leucobryum javense (Brid.) Mitt. Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Thamsaw, elev. 1300 m., common on dry rocks by stream along edge of pine forest. Mar. 9, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1104. (Flora of Thailand 6637). Det. by P. Arens; Central: Khao Khio, Khao Yai, Rachasima, elev. 1400 m., moss on tree. Nov. 11, 1963. Tem Smitinand 8409. Leucobryum scalare C.Mull. Southeast: Trat, Kaw Chang, Khao Nang Aen, elev. 190 m., on decaying log in moist locality. Mar. 20, 1955. Bunnak 375. Det. E.B.Bartram as L. aduncum Doz. et Molk.; Northeast: loei, Phu Krading, Thamsaw, elev. 1300 m., on bark on oak trees in pine-oak forest. Mar. 10, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1112. (Flora of Thailand 6644); same loc., on oak trees. Oct. 11, 1954. Tem Smitinand 2001. (Flora of Thailand 12227). Det. oe Bartram as L. bowringii Mitt. QOctoblepharum albidum Hedw, Northeast: Loei, Phu Kra- ding, Thamsaw, elev. 1300 m., on bark of oak trees. Mar. 10, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1113. (Flora of Thailand 6634). Det. by G.O.K.Sainsbury. Calymperaceae Syrrhopodon albovaginatus Schwaegr. Peninsula: Surat, Bangbao, elev. less than 100 m., on wet bog in evergreen jungle. Aug. 6, 1955, Tem Smitinand 2823. (Flora of Thailand 12711). Det. by E.B.Bartram. Pottiaceae Hyophila involuta (Hook.) Jaeg. Southeast: Chanburi, Khlung, Makawk, elev. 130 m., on moist rocks. Oct. 28, 195k. Bunnak 291. (Flora of Thailand 9359). Det. E.B.Bartram. Funariaceae F ia hygrometrica Hedw., var. calvescens (Schwaegr.) Mont (F. calvescens Schwaegr., det. by E.B.Bartram), Northeast: 1967 Reed & Robinson, Bryophytes of Thailand 65 Loei, Phu Krading, elev. 1300 m., common on earth in pine forest, Oct. 1, 1954. Tem Smitinand 1997. (Flora of Thailand 1223); Cen- tral: I. Phetchabun, Lomkao, Namnao, elev. 600 m., in earth along edge of evergreen forest. May 22, 1951. Tem Smitinand 505. (Flora of Thailand 5143). Bryaceae Bryum coronatum Schwaegr. Southeast: Chanburi, Makham, elev, 130 m., on rocks in moist locality, Nov. 1, 1954. Bunnak 297. (Flora of Thailand 9509). Bryum garutense Fleisch. (?) Northeast: Loei, Phu Kra- ding near Rest Home, elev. 1300 m., common on stones, July 8, 1959. Tem Smitinand 5885. (Flora of Thailand 24121), Det. by F, Floto as B. sericeum ? Rhodgbryum roseum (Hedw.) Limpr., Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Sam Khae, elev. 1100 m., erect moss on rocks in hill evergreen forest. Mar. 30, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1256. (Flora of Thailand 7785). Det. G.O.K.Sainsbury. Mniaceae Orthomnion bryoides (Griff.) Norkett Northern: Chieng- mai, Pong, Phu Langka, elev. 1300 m., on twig of tall tree in evergreen jungle, June 29, 1954. Tem Smitinand 1752, Rhizogoniaceae Rhizogonium spiniforme (Hedw.) Bruch Peninsula VII: Nakawn Srithamarat, Khao Luang, elev. 600 m., on rocks and tree trunks in evergreen forest. Aug. 5, 1951. Tem Smitinand 885. (Flora of Thailand 5772). Det. P. Arens. Bartramiaceae Bartramidula bartramoides (Griff.) Wijk & Marg. Cen- tral: Saraburi, Nam Tok, Sam Lan, elev. 30 m, Nov. 14, 1964. R, Suvarnasara 72. Orthotrichaceae Macromitrium orthostichum Nees Peninsula: Nakawn Sritha- marat, Khao Luang, on rhizome of epiphytic fern, in evergreen forest, elev. 600 m. Nov. 5, 1951. Tem Smitinand 1033. 66 PHY T OFL.OvG arta Vol. 15, no. 1 Rhacopilaceae Rhacopilum schmidii (C.Mil1.) Jaeg. Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Sam Khae, elev. 1000 m., on tree trunk in evergreen forest. Oct. 1, 1954. Tem Smitinand 2000. (Flora of Thailand 12224). Det. by E.B.Bartram. Hedwigiaceae Cleistostoma ambigua (Hook.) Brid. Northwest: Chiengmai, Chiengdao, north slope, elev. 1900 m., common on rocks on the ridge. Feb. 17, 1958. Tem Smitinand 4226, (Flora of Thailand 22686). Det. by E.B.Bartram. Trachypodaceae Trachypodopsis serrulata (P.Beauv.) Fleisch, Northern: Chiengmai, Chiengdao, north slope, elev. 1900 m., common on rocks, Feb. 17, 1958. Tem Smitinand 4229, (Flora of Thailand 16695) Det. by E.B.Bartram as T. crispulata (Hook.) Fleisch. Pterobryaceae Calyptothecium wightii (Mitt.) Fleisch. Southeast: Trat, Huay Raeng, elev. 50 m., on base of Mangifera indica root, in village. July 27, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1452, Pterobryopsis nematosum (C.MUl]1.) Dix. (Calyptothecium nematosum (C.MU11.) Fleisch.). Peninsula: Nakawn Srithamarat, Khiriwong, elev. 100 m., on tree trunk in plantation. Apr. 15, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1291. (Flora of Thailand 7791). Meteoriaceae Meteoropsis ancistrodes (Ren. et Card.) Broth. Northwest: Chieng Dao, above "Hill Station", elev. 4500 ft., on tree trunk in montane forest. Dec. 6, 1957. P.W.Richards 5482. Det. by Richards & Giesy as M. squarrosa (Hook.) Fleisch. Papillaria formosana Nog., var. pilifera Nog. Northwest: Chiengmai, Chiengdao, north slope, elev. 1800 m., pendulous on trees in evergreen forest. Feb. 17, 1958, Tem Smitinand 4230, (Flora of Thailand 16094). Det. by E.B.Bartram as P, auriculata var. gracilis Bartr., var. nov. Neckeraceae Homaliodendron microdendron (Mont.) Fleisch, Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Sam Khae, elev. 1100 m., on rocks and bases of tree trunks in evergreen jungle. Mar. 30, 1952. Tem Smiti- nand 1254. (Flora of Thailand 6625). Det. by P. Arens. 1967 Reed & Robinson, Bryophytes of Thailand 67 Hookeriaceae Chaetomitropsis glaucocarpa (Reinw.) Fleisch. Northeast: Phu Krading, elev. 1300 m., on small shrub in hill evergreen forest. Mar. 8, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1097. Det. P. Arens; South- east: Chanburi, Pong Nam Rawn, Khao Kadak, elev. 500 m., on logs and rocks by stream in evergreen jungle. May 1, 1956. Tem Smiti- nand 3342. Leskeaceae Claopodium assurgens (Sull. & Lesa.) Card. Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Dawn Pawai, elev. 1300 m., creeping on bark of tree in hill evergreen forest, Mar. 8, 1952. Tem Smiti- nand 1099. (Flora of Thailand 6647). Det. P. Arens,. Thuidium cymbifolium (Doz. et Molk.) Bry. Jav. Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Sam Khae, elev. 1100 m., on rock in dry hill evergreen forest. Mar. 6, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1069. (Flora of Thailand 6641), Det. by P. Arens, Thuidium glaucinum (Mitt.) Jaeg. Northern: Chiengmai, Pong, Phu Langka, elev. 1300 m., on tree trunk in evergreen jungle. June 29, 1954. Tem Smitinand 1753 and 1751. Brachytheciaceae Rhynchostegium celebicum (Lac.) Jaeg. Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Sam Khae, elev. 1100 m., on rocks in evergreen forest. Mar. 30, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1253, (Flora of Thailand 6624). Det. P. Arens Sematophyllaceae Acroporium baviense (Bosch.) Broth. Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Thamsaw, elev. 1300 m., on bark of trees in oak forest, Mar. 10, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1114. (Flora of Thailand 6635). Det. by Sainsbury as A. brevipes (Broth.) Broth, These specimens have the characters given for A. brevipes of the Philippines by Bartram (1928). On the basis of description, the previously named A. bavienseof Tonkin is apparently the same species, Acroporium stramineum (Reinw, et Hornsch.) Fleisch. Cen- tral: Khao Khio, Rachasima, elev. 1400 m., on twigs in ever- green forest. Nov. 11, 1963. Tem Smitinand 8420. Chionostomum angustifolium Dix. Central: Khao Yai Nak- hawn, Rachasima, elev. 1400 m. Nov. 11, 1963. Tem Smitinand 8416, Previously known only from the type locality in Laos (Dixon, 1936). 68 PRH*Y TOP L OIG A Vol’. 15, mo.es Sematophyllum caespitosum (Hedw.) Mitt. Southeast: Chan- buri, Pong Nam Rawn, Pratrong, elev. 600 m., on rocks in stream. Jan. 21, 1956. Tem Smitinand 3195. (Flora of Thailand 14806). Det. §.B.Bartram. Sematophyllum microcladium (Doz. et Molk.) Broth. Northern: Chiengmai, Doi Sutep, Pui, elev. 1200 m., on tree in open hill forest, Mar, 21, 1951. Tem Smitinand 160. (Flora of Thailand 6194), Det. G.O.K.Sainsbury, Taxithelium batanense Bartr. (?) Peninsula: Srithamarat, Khao Luang, ‘elev. 800 m., on shrub stem in hill evergreen forest. Apr. 20, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1293. (Flora of Thailand 7788). Det, byi Sainsbury as T. magnum Fleisch.; Southeast: Trat, Huay Raeng, Pak Phreed, elev. under 50 m June 22, 1952. Tem Smiti- nand 1422, (Flora of Thailand 7927). Det. by Sainsbury a: as 1so~ pterygium bancanum (Bry. Jav.) Jaeg. Taxithelium distratum (Brid.) Broth. Southeast: Trat, Huay Raeng, Dong, Maduea, elev. under 50 m., epiphytic on liana in evergreen forest. June 30, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1351. (Flora of Thailand 6667). Taxithelium lindbergii (Bosch et Lac.) Ren. et Card. Pen- insula: Nakawn Srithamarat, Khao Luang, elev. 600 m., on twig in evergreen forest. Nov. 21, 1951. Phloenchit 149. (Flora of Thailand 5821). Det. by P. Arens as T. clastobryoides Dix.(?), Trismegistia rigida (H. et R.) Broth. Peninsula: Sritha- marat, Khao Luang, terrestrial in mass on rocks and logs in hill evergreen forest, elev. 1000 m. Apr. 20, 1952. Tem Smiti- nand 1292, (Flora of Thailand 7790). Det. G.O.K.Sainsbury. Hypnaceae Ectropothecium cyperoides (Hook.) Jaeg. Peninsula: Nakawn Srithamarat, Khao Luang, elev. 600 m., on log in hill evergreen forest. Nov. 5, 1951. Tem Smitinand 1028. (Flora of Thailand 84,23), Det. by Sainsbury as games siamense Dix. Ectropothecium intorquatum (Doz. et Molk.) Jaeg. Penin-= sula: Nakawn Srithamarat, Khao Luang, elev. 1700 m., in earth in evergreen forest. June 26, 1953. Phloenchit 613. (Flora of Thailand 10086). Ectropothecium monumentorum (Duby) Jaeg. Peninsula: Nakawn Srithamarat, Khao Luang, elev. 1700 m., on decaying log in evergreen forest. July 30, 1953. Phloenchit 656, (Flora of Thailand 10175). 1967 Reed & Robinson, Bryophytes of Thailand 69 Foreauella orthothecia (Schw.) Dix. et Varde Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Sam Khae, elev. 1100 m., on wet log in dry hill evergreen forest. Mar. 6, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1067. (Flora of Thailand 6639). Det. by P. Arens, Isopterygium minutirameum (C.MM11.) Jaeg. Peninsula: Nakawn Srithamarat, Thapchang, elev. 400 m., on roots of Areca catechu. Dec. 25, 1951. Phloenchit 263. (Flora of Thailand 7786) Polytrichaceae Pogonatum gymniphyllum Mitt. Peninsula: Nakawn Sritha- marat, Khao Luang, elev. 600 m,, on rocks in evergreen forest. Aug. 30, 1952, Phloesnchit 411. (Flora of Thailand 8924). Pogonatum junghuhnianum (Doz, et Molk.) Bosch et Lac, Northwest: Chiengmai, Doi Sutep, elev. 1083 m., on wet ground, Sept. 16, 1957. Khanthachai 683. (Flora of Thailand 15936). Pogonatum spurio—cirratum Broth, Northeast: Loei, Phu Krading, Dawn Pawai, elev. 1300 m., on wet rocks by stream in hill evergreen forest. Mar. 8, 1952. Tem Smitinand 1102. (Flora of Thailand 6649). Det. by Sainsbury as P. cirrhatum (Sw.) Brid.; det. by P. Arens as P. macrophyllum Doz. et Molk.; Loei, Phu Krading, Huay Thamyai, elev. 1300 m., common on rocky stream banks in evergreen forest. May 11, 1951. Tem Smitinand 380. (Flora of Thailand 5145). Det. by P. Arens as P. junghuhnianun, Rhacelopus pilifer Doz. et Molk. Southeast: Chanburi, Makham, Thung Khui, elev. 130 m., moss on ant—hill. Nov. 10, 1954. Bunnak 306, (Flora of Thailand 9519). Det. by E.B.Bartram, Literature pertaining to the Bryophytes of Thailand Bartram, E.B. Mosses of the Philippines. Philipp. Jour. Sci., 68(1-4): 1-437, 29 pl. 1939. Brotherus, V.F. Bryales. In: Schmidt, J., ed. Flora of Koh Chang, Contributions to the Knowledge of the Vegetation in the Gulf of Siam, III. Bot. Tidsskr., 24: 115~125. (1901) 1902. Brotherus, V.F. Musci, In: Hosseus, C.C. Die botanischen Er— gebnisse meiner Expedition nach Siam, Beih. Bot, Centralbl., 28: 361-363. 1911. Dixon, H.N. New species of Mosses from the Malay Peninsula, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 51: 225=259, pl. 3-4. 192k. 70 Pen YL TVOrLO"Ge ls Vol. 15, now l Dixon, H.N. A List of the Mosses of the Malay Peninsula. Gard. Bull. Straits Settlements, 4: 1-46. 1926 (340 species). Dixon, H.N. The Mosses of Kaw Tao. Jour. Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. Suppl., 8(1): 19-21. 1929. Dixon, H.N. New Genera of Asiatic Mosses, Jour. Bot., 69(1): 1-7, pl. 595. 1931. (Microtheciella, gen. nov.). Dixon, H.N. On the Moss: Flora of Siam, Jour. Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. ouppl., 9s 1-51. 29525 Dixon, H.N. Further Contributions to the Moss Flora of Siam, Jour, Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. Suppl., 19(1): 1-30. 1935. Dixon, H.N. On a Collection of Mosses from Laos. Ann. Bryol., 9: 61-72, 1936. Giesy, R.M. and P.W.Richards A Collection of Bryophytes from Thailand (Siam), Trans. Brit. Bryol. Soc., 3(4): 575-581. 59s Hansen, Bertel Sphagnaceae, In: Larsen, Kai, ed. Studies in the Flora of Thailand, 4. Dansk Bot. Ark., 20(1): 89— 108. 1961; correction to Studies in the Flora of Thailand, 4. Dansk Bot. Ark., 20(2): 204. 1962. Horikawa, Yoshiwa and Ando, Hisatsugu Contributions to the Moss Flora of Thailand, Nature & Life in Southeast Asia, Bis l=. 1964. Noguchi, A. Notulae Bryologicae, VI. A small collection of mosses from Thailand and Laos, Jour. Hattori Bot. Lab., 23: 77-79. 1960. Stephani, F. Hepaticae, In: Schmidt, J., ed. Flora of Koh Chang. Contributions to the Knowledge of the Vegetation in the Gulf of Siam, V. Bot. Tidsskr., 24: 277-280. 1902. ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE GENUS AVICENNIA. III Harold N. Moldenke AVICENNIA L. Additional & emended bibliography: N. J. Anderss., Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 1853: 201. 185; N. J. Anderss., Galap. Veg. 82. 1859; A. S. Hitche., Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. : 118. 1893; Robin son & Greemm., Am. Journ. Sci. 150 [ser. 3, 50]: 147. 1895; B. L. Robinson, Proc. Am. Acad. 38: 194. 1902; C. B. Clarke in J. Schmidt, Bot. Tidsskr. 26: 175. 190); Rendle, Notes Fl. Bermuda 12. 1937; V. S. Rao, Journ. Indian Bot. Soc. 31: [297] & 310-313, fig. 59--63. 1952; Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 2h, 368, & 508. 1957; S. A. Khan, Pakist. Journ. Forest. 11: 43--l5. 1961; Rao, Aggarwal, & Mukerjee, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 5: 143—16, 307, 311, 315, & 320. 1963; Donselaar, Wentia 14: 15. 1965; Naurois & Roux, Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire A.27: 843—85), ph. 1—k. 1965; T. C. Whitmore, Guide Forests Brit. Solomon Isls. 168. 1966; Jiménez, Supl. Cat. Fl. Doming. 1: 222. 1966; Hemming, Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. 177 (2): 235. 1966; MacNae, Austral. Journ. Bot. 1): 67, 70--78, 84-—90, 92— 95, 97--100, & 10h, pl. 2 & 3. 1966; Van Steenis-Kruseman, Fl. Males. Bull. h: xlviii. 1967; Paijmans, CSIRO Land Research Ser. 17: 149 & 155. 1967; J. C. Saunders, CSIRO LaniResearch Ser. 17: 175. 1967; Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 326--336. 1967. AVICENNIA AFRICANA P. Beauv. Additional bibliography: Naurois & Roux, Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire A.27: 83-85), pl. 1--h. 1965; Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 326. 1967. Additional illustrations: Naurois & Roux, Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire A.27: 843--854, pl. 1—l. 1965. AVICENNIA ALBA Blume Additional bibliography: Rao, Aggarwal, & Mukerjee, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 5: 307, 311, 315, & 320. 1963; T. C. Whitmore, Guide Forests Brit. Solomon Isls. 168. 1966; Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 309-310 & 329. 1967. Rao, Aggarwal, & Mukerjee (1963) report that this species grows on light-gray or bluish-gray soil on Rameswaram Island, In- dia, and that it is often stunted because the pneumatophores are axed by the natives for fuel; it is associated there with Sali- cornia and Arthocnemum,. AVICENNIA ALBA var. LATIFOLIA Moldenke pees at bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1h: 309 & 310. 1967. AVICENNIA EUCALYPTIFOLIA Zipp. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 1: 309, 310, & 332. 1967. 71 72 PHY 2? 0.0.6 D4 Vol..15; manta AVICENNIA GERMINANS (L.) L. Additional & emended bibliography: N. J. Anderss., Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 1853: 201. 185h; N. J. Anderss., Galap. Veg. 82. 1859; A. S. Hitche., Ann. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. f: 118, 1893; Robin- son & Greenm,, Am. Journ. Sci. 150 [ser. 3, 50]: 147. 1895; B. L. Robinson, Proc. Am. Acad. 38: 194. 1902; C. B. Clarke in J. Schmidt, Bot. Tidsskr. 26: 175. 190); Rendle, Notes Fl. Bermuda 12. 1937; Donselaar, Wentia 14: 15. 1965; Jiménez, Supl. Cat. Fl. Doming. 1: 222. 1966; Moldenke, Phytologia 1): 326—328 & 33h— 336. 1967. Clarke (190) reduces Bontia germinans L. to synonymy under Avicennia officinalis L. Robinson & Greenman (1895) refer to A. germinans as "Avicennia tomentosa Linn.", but this homonym is usually placed in the synonymy of A. marina (Forsk.) Vierh. Additional citations: MEXICO: Tabasco: F. D. Barlow 28/11 (Mi). JAMAICA: Yuncker 17290 (Mi). GALAPAGOS ISLANDS: Charles: J. T. Howell 881 (Gg—l62969). Indefatigable: J. T. Howell 9125 (Gg— 463073). dames: J. T. Howell 9689 (Gg—l62967) . AVICENNIA MARINA (Forsk.) Vierh. Additional bibliography: Hemming, Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. 177 (2): 235. 1966; MacNae, Austral. Journ. Bot. 1): 67, 70-78, B4--90, 92—95, 97-100, & 10h, pl. 2 & 3. 1966; T. C. Whitmore, Guide Forests Brit. Solomon Isls. 168. 1966; Moldenke, Phytolo- gia 1h: 328—335. 1967. Additional illustrations: MacNae, Austral. Journ. Bot. 1: pl. 2 & 3. 1966. MacNae (1966) reports that in some parts of Australia this species grows in water of 90 percent salinity and forms extensive copses rarely more than waist high. He also suggests that the height attained by the species depends on the drainage qualities of the soil; specimens on well-drained banks close to streams are taller than those farther away. "Along most stretches of the eastern shores of Queensland where mangrove occur the most sea- ward zone of the trees is one of Avicennia marina. This zone is seldom more than one or two large trees in depth. In front, thickets of saplings and seedlings extend out on to the beach... Many of the seedlings at these lowest levels have their leaves covered by a layer of fine mud, deposited by the tide, and these seedlings soon die. It is to be suspected that this mud, since it has the same effect as deep shade, is responsible for the death of the saplings....Avicennia saplings die under the shade of their parent trees and can develop to maturity only if fully exposed to the sun. The trees themselves will die when Rhizo- phora or Bruguiera grow up through and overshadow them." * The flowers are described as "yellow" on Larsen, Smitinand, & Warnecke 1220. These collectors found the plant growing in "loamy saline soil". Additional citations: THAILAND: Larsen, Smitinand, & Warncke 1220 (Ac). —S i IBRARY ‘PHYTOLOG TA 4: Designed to expedite botanical Gh Vol. 15 July, 1967 NEw TOR aE BOTAN CONTENTS MOLDENKE, H. N., Additional notes on the genus Vitex. Ill. . . . . 73 ne A, Te: Book: review: . . 1 6 beta et we ee es 213 SRUDD, V. E. abd atid studies in baeRcettt a! Il: Series Plearonerviae . . . : eae PEERY Soe ee CAP a WUNDERLIN, R. P., A new as “ Bauhinia coulteri Machride from Mexico... . ee ae AP EN ADs.” o (22D Published by Harold N. Moldenke and Alma L. Moldenke 303 Parkside Road, Plainfield, New Jersey 07060 U.S.A. Price of this number, $1; per volume, $6.75, in advance, or $7 at close of volume ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE GENUS VITEX. III Harold N. Moldenke VITEX Tourn. Additional synonymy: Walrothia Roth ex Bocq., Rev. Verbenac. 181, sphalm. 1863. Tripina Lour. ex Angely, Cat. Estat. Gen. Bot. Fan. 17: 6, sphalm. 1956. Ephi8lis Banks & Soland. ex Angely, Cat. Estat. Gen. Bot. Fan. 17: 6, sphalm. 1956. Agnus Runner, Rep. G. W. Groff Coll. 362. 1961. Additional & emended bibliography: Westm. in L., Orat. Tellur. Habit. Incr. 60 & 83. 1744; A. L. Juss., Gen. Pl., ed. 1, 107 & 119-123 (1789) and ed. 2, 120. 1791; Horsfield, Verh. Bat. Gen. 8: 10. 1816; W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Pl. Germ., ed. 1, 577--578 & 844. 1837; W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 1, 575 & Reg. 99. 1838; W. D. J. Koch, Taschenb. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 1, 417 & 60h. 1843; W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ., ed. 2, 2: 663. 18h; W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 2, 681 & 1206. 1846; G. & F. Lorin- ser, Taschenb. Fl. Deutsch., ed. 1, 311 & 88 (1847) and ed. 2, 311 & 488. 1851; W. D. J. Koch, Taschenb. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 3, 417 & 60h (1851), ed. , xliii, 399, & 583 (1856), and ed. 5, xliii, 399, & 583. 1860; Bocq., Adansonia 2: 21—-22, 89--90, 101-103, 108, 109, 111, 112, 118, 119, 12-128, 132—139, 1ul—1)3, 15, 147, 149, 151-156, 158, 161, 16h, & 165, pl. h & 6, fig. 1—25 (1862) and 3: 178, 180, 181, 18), 185, 252—25), & 259. 1863; Bocq., Rev. Verbenac. 21-22, 89--90, 101--103, 108, 109, 111, 112, 8, 119, 12h—128, 132—139, u—2h3, 145, 1h7, iis, 151-156, 158, 161, 16, 165, 178, 180, 181, 18, 185, 252—25), & 259, pl. 4 & 6, fig. 1—25. 1863; W. D. J. Koch, Taschenb. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 6, xliii, 399, & 583. 1865; Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 216—217. 1866; Aschers. in Schweinf., Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 1: 120-121. 1867; Miq., Cat. Mus. Bot. Lugd.~Bat. 70. 1870; Carr., Rev. Hort. 3: hiss. 1871; E. Hall in W. D. J. Koch, Taschenb. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 7, 403 & 802 (1878) and ed. 8, 103 & 802. 1881; Aitch., Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 3: 95. 1888; W. A. Talbot, Syst. List Trees Shrubs Bomb. 159, 161-162, & 229. 189; Gtirke in Engl., Pfl. Ost-Afr. C: 338--30. 1895; K. Schum., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. App. 1: 55 (1895) and 1: 206. 1896; J. Ramirez, An. Inst. Méd. Nac. Méx. 2: 35—36. 1896; Anon., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. App. 1: 346. 1897; K. Schum., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 2: UWjh—145. 1898; Anon., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. App. 2: 19. 1899; K. Schum. in Just, Bot. Jahresber. 28 (1): 497--98. 1902; Beissner, Schelle, & Zabel, Handb. Laubh. 26. 1903; C. B. Clarke in J. Schmidt, Bot. Tidsskr. 26: 172—173. 190; E. D. Merr., Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 1, Suppl. 1: 121. 1906; Borm., Beih. Bot. 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Quisumbing (1960) reports that some species of Vitex known as "molave" in the Philippines [probably V. parviflora A. L. Juss.] are now almost extinct due to the use of their wood in the con- struction of houses and for making railroad ties. Irvine (1930) lists two unidentified species for which he records the native names "akwakora gyhina" [meaning, "shin bone of old man" because of the jagged protuberances on the trunk when young; when older the bark is longitudinally ridged; found in deciduous forests] and "afetewa" [found in secondary forests, the fruit turning black and edible]. Paijmans (1967) states that Vitex is a common genus of trees in mixed deciduous hill forests and in tall evergreen forests on New Guinea as a canopy tree. He is probably referring to V. cofassus Rein, imei, > Pye A letter to me from Berta Gerin, dated April 29, 1962, states 78 PR OL Orerr & Vol. 15, no. 2 that she is working on the chemical constituents of several forms of this genus. S. A. Brown (1963) states that "vitexin, an 8- glycosylapigenin, was discovered and named in this genus in 1898 by Perkin; Bate-Smith (1963) reports finding the same chemical in Crataegus . Htnsel, Leuchert, Rimpler, & Schaaf (1965) examined 5 species of Vitex for the presence of flavonoids, pseudo—indicans (iridoids), volatile oils, and Vitex-triterpene-I. They found that the chemical composition was similar for four species with the striking exception of V. megapotamica. Related species were shovm to possess remarkable differences in their secondary pro- ducts. It seems as if chemical characteristics are more indica- tive of physiological similarities than of morphological plant relationships. Riley (1963) reports finding chromosome numbers of 24, 26, and 32 in this genus. Hatusima (1966) reports the genus as rare in lowland thickets. Soukup (196) reports the vernacular name "taruma". Howard, Wa- genknecht, & Green (1963) report that this genus is a specialty in the arboretum at Baghdad, Iraq. It is worth pointing out that the generic name, Vitex, is accredited to Tournefort also by A. L. Jussieu (1789, 1791). It should also be noted that Angely (1956) misspells the name Ephielis Schreb. as "Sphielis" through a typographic error. To the list of excluded species should be added: Vitex orientale King, Weeds of the World 501, sphalm. 1966 = ‘Viscum orientale Willd., Loranthaceae. It should be noted that the W. D. J. Koch, Taschenb. Deutsch. Pes, ed. 12 SEES cited in the bibliography above is often dated 18 The Lam (1924) reference is often cited as 1925", but the tease is merely the titlepage date for the entire volume; the pages cited were published in 192. Beissner, Schelle, & Zabel, Handb. Laubh. (1903) is often cited as "Schelle, Hand. Deutsch, Dendrol. Ges." Westmann (17) places Vitex in his group "Plantae baccatae" on page 60 and in his group "Sylva" on page 83 of the work cited. Ascherson (1867) cites a species of Vitex in the Chrysomallum group, but unnamed, collected by Cien- kowsky “bei Kassen in Fesoghlu, 19 Marz 188", The Buchanan 431, distributed in herbaria as representing a species of Vitex, i is actually Schrebera alata (Hochst.) Welw.; Burkart 17052 and Pannier & Schwabe 1189 are members of the Big- noniaceae; an and G. Gilbert 2168 is also not verbenaceous. A suggested key to the ‘species of this genus as found in south- western Asia is as follows: 1. Inflorescence strictly axillary and cymose, much shorter than ee ae mature petioles. Vitex iraquensis Moldenke TRAQ e la. Inflorescence mostly terminal (or axillary only in the upper- most leaf-axils), spicate or paniculate, far surpassing the leaves. 2. Leaflets not more than 3; cymes very lax. Vitex trifolia L. 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 79 (AFGHANISTAN) . 2a. Leaflets usually more than 3; cymes usually dense. 3. Inflorescence mostly in dense simple or panicled spikes; cymes sessile or subsessile; leaflets mostly 5—7. . Lower lip of corolla beardless on the inner surface. 5. Leaflets mostly narrow and 9—15 mm. wide, lanceolate or narrow-lanceolate. Vitex agnus-castus L. (IRAQ, TRAN, SIND). Sa. Leaflets mostly wider and regularly to 25 mm. wide, mostly oblong-lanceolate. Vitex agnus-castus f. latifolia (Mill.) Rehd. (IRAN). ha. Lower lip of corolla bearded on the inner surface. Vi- tex agnus-castus var. pseudo-negundo Hausskn. (IRAQ, IRAN, AFGHANISTAN, BALUCHISTAN, SIND). 3a. Inflorescence mostly in loose panicles; cymes distinctly stipitate; leaflets usually 3--5. Vitex negundo L. (BALUCHISTAN) . VITEX ACUMINATA R. Br. Additional bibliography: Warb. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 13: 29. 1891; C. A. Gardn., Enum. Pl. Austr. Occid. 3: 112. 1931; Molden- ke, Résumé 211 & 47. 1959; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 62. 1961; Moldenke, Biol. Abstr. 37: 1062. 1962; Hocking, Excerpt. Bot. A.6: 533. 1963; J. S. Beard, Descrip. Cat. W. Austr. Pl. 93. 1965. Material of this species has been misidentified and distribu- ted in herbaria as V. glabrata R. Br. Additional citations: AUSTRALIAN REGION: AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: W. V. Fitzgerald 212 (Bi). VITEX AGLAEIFOLIA Mildbr. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 160 (1955) and 5: 353. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 139, 142, & 475. 1959. VITEX AGLAEIFOLIA var. RUFULA Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 161. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 1)2 & 475. 1959. VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS L. Additional & emended synonymy: Agnus castus vulgaris Carr., Rev. Hort. 2-3: 15. 1871. Vitex agnes-castis L. ex Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 11: 8, in syn. 196]. Additional & emended bibliography: Cord., Stirp. Descr., ed. nov., 7. 1541; W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ., ed. 1, 577—578. 2037, UW. De Js Koch, Syn. Deutsch. Fls, ed. 1, 575. 1838; W. De J. Koch, Taschenb. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 1, 17. 1843; W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ., ed. 2, 2: 663. 18h; W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 2, 681. 186; G. & F. Lorinser, Taschenb. Fl. Deutsch., ed. 1, 311 (1847) and ed. 2, 311. 1851; W. D. J. Koch, Taschenb. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 3, 417 (1851) and ed. h, 399. 1856; Munby, Cat. Pl. Alg. 25. 1859; Bocq., Adansonia 2: 109, 111, 125, 132, 133, & 80 P-EeYy TOL OGrT A Vol. 15, no. 2 156 (1862) and 3: 253. 1863; Bocq., Rev. Verbenac. 109, 111, 125, 132, 133, 156, & 253. 1863; Aschers. in G. Schweinf., Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 278. 1867; Carr., Rev. Hort. 43: 15--)16. 1871; E. Hall. in W. D. J. Koch, Taschenb. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 7, 03 (1878) and ed. 8, 03. 1881; Stapf, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien 50: 93 [Beitr. Fl. Lycien 21]. 1885; J. Ingram, Lang. of Fls. 347 & 355. 1887; Aitch., Journ, Linn. Soc. Lond. Bot. 3: 95. 1888; Beissner, Schelle, & Zabel, Handb. Laubh. 26. 1903; Bormm., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 22 (25: 117—118. 1907; Backer, Ann. Jard. Bot. Bui- tenz. Suppl. 3: 419. 1910; C. K. Schneid., Il). Handb. Laubholzk. 592-595, fig. 38h0&p, & 385 nq. 1911; J. Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. 2 (2): 53h. 1912; Hickel, Bull. Soc. Dendrol. France 28: 110 & 111, fig. kSf. 1913; Holland, Kew Bull. Addit. Ser. 9 [Use- ful Pl. Nigeria 3]: 525. 1915; Turrill, Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1922: 297 (1922) and 1924: 359. 192k; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 1, 632 & 849 (192) and pr. 2, 632 & 849. 1925; Schwencke, Zytol. Untersuch. Verbenac. 7. 1931; Svenson, Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Record 22: 7. 1933; Bider, Beitr. Pharmakog. Borag. 97 & 10-106, pl. 7, fig. 4. 1935; Patermann, Beitr. Zytol. Verben- ace 34-36, [3, & [55], pl. 3, fig. 32—38. 1935; Troncoso, Dar- winiana 3: 55. 1937; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. 3, 632 & 849. 1938; Fletcher, Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1938: 432. 1938; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2, 805. 190; Oppenheimer & Evenari, Bull. Soc. Bot. Genév. 31: 363. 191; Hottes, Book Shrubs, ed. h, 03 & Oh. 1942; Betts, Jefferson's Gard. Book 333 & 702. 19h); L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 1, pr. , 632 & 849. 19kh; Le Cointe, Amaz. Bras. III Arv. & Plant. Uteis, ed. 2, 23. 1917; Op- penheimer & Evenari, Florul. Cisiord. 353. 1948; Blakelock, Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 19/9: 539. 1949; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 2, 843--8h) & 111). 1949; Van Melle, Grower 38: 10. 1951; W. J. Bean in Chittenden, Roy. Hort. Soc. Dict. Gard. : 229. 1951; K. H. Rech., Arkiv Bot., ser. 2, 2: 408. 1952; Gorsch, Fl. URSS 19: 698. 1953; Thorne, Am. Midl. Nat. 52: 313. 1954; Bor & Raizada, Some Beaut. Ind. Climbers [136]. 195); Darlington & Wy- lie, Chranosane Atl., pr. 1, 323. 1955; Hocking, Dict. Terms Pharmacog. 12), 166, & 243. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 77, 78, 80, & 271. 1956; Spector, Handb. Biolog. Data 12. 1956; Moldenke, Biol. Abstr. 30: 170) (1956) and 32: 1135. 1958; Shinners, Spring Fl. Dallas 328. 1958; J. & L. Bush-Brown, An. Gard. Book, new rev. ed., 278. 1958; Bodenheimer, Hist. Biol. 224—-225. 1958; Mattoon, Pl. Buyers Guide, ed. 6, 29). 1958; A= non., Kew Bull. Gen. Index 1929-1956, 293. 1959; K. H. Rech., Arkiv Bot., ser. 2, 5: 346. 1959; Kitamura, Fl. Afghan. 327. 1960; T. H. Everett, New Illustr. Encycl. Gard. 13: 233 & 2u3h, pl. 13-llce. 1960; Beli¢, Bergant-Dolar, & Morton, Journ. Chem. Soc. 1961: 2523. 1961; Darlington & Wylie, Chromosome Atl., pr. 2, 323. 1961; Jiménez, List Nom. Vernac. 11. 1961; Moldenke, Phy- tologia 8: 62. 1961; Beli¢ & Cerin, Vestnik Slovensk. Kenij. Drust. 9: [33]—3). 1962; Sirait, Rimpler, & H&#nsel, Experimen- tia 18: 72. 1962; Nair & Rehman, Bull. Bot. Gard. Lucknow 76: 21. 1962; Moldenke, Biol. Abstr. 37: 1062. 1962; Zohary, Pl. Life Palest. 168 & 217. 1962; Huber in Hutchinson & Dalz., Fl. W. Trop. 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 81 Afr., ed. 2, 2: 48. 1963; Bush-Brom, Shrubs & Trees Home Landsc. 161, 197, 206, & 210. 1963; R. C. Mey., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 89: Oh. 1963; Quezel & Santa, Nouv. Fl. Alg. 2: 779 & 780. 1963; Gleason & Cronquist, Man. Vasc. Pl. 582. 1963; Ilina, Spice Aro- mat. Pl. Sov. Russia 71—72, 376, & 427, fig. 52. 1963; Hunsel & Rimpler, Arch. Pharm. 296: 598. 1963; Sharma & Mukhopadhyay, Journ. Genet. 58: 366, 376, 383, & 539, pl. LI, fig. 31. 1963; Harkness, Phytologia 10: 269. 1964; E. E. Lord, Shrubs & Trees Austr. Gard., rev. ed., 321. 1964; R. L. Taylor, Plants Colon. Days 22 & 106. 1964; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 11: 3, 5, & 8 (196k) and 12: 2. 1965; H&nsel, Leuckert, Rimpler, & Schaaf, Phytochem. h: 19, 21, 23, 2h, & 27. 1965; Galil, Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Tel- aviv. 1966: 5. 1966; Jiménez, Supl. Cat. Fl. Doming. 1: 275. 1966; Kitamura, Results Kyoto Univ. Scient. Exped. Karakoram 8: 132. 1966; Herbst Bros., Seeds for Nurserymen 18. 1966; T. Swain, Com- par. Phytochen. 38. 1966; H. Wagner in T. Swain, Compar. Phyto- chem. 310. 1966; Prodan & Buia, Fl. Mic. Ilus. Roman. 01. 1966. Additional illustrations: C. K. Schneid., Ill. Handb. Laub- holzk. fig. 384 0 & p & 385 n—-q. 1911; Hickel, Bull. Soc. Den- drol. France 28: 110, fig. 45f. 1913; Bider, Beitr. Pharmakog. Borag. 97, pl. 7, fig. h. 1935; Patermann, Beitr. Zytol. Verben- ac. pl. 3, fig. 32—-38. 1935; Hottes, Book Shrubs, ed. , lO. 1942; T. H. Everett, New Illustr. Encycl. Gard. 13: 233 & 243k, pl. 13-llc [in color]. 1960; Sharma & Mukhopadhyay, Journ. Genet. 58: 383, pl. 11, fig. 31. 1963; Ilina, Spice Aromat. Pl. Sov. Russia fig. 52. 1963; R. L. Taylor, Plants Colon. Days 22. 196). Cytologists report the haploid chromosome number for this plant as 12. Collectors have found the plant growing in clay loam soil, in ravines, in dried-up wadies, and near water, flow- ering and fruiting in August. Correll & Hanson found it ina mesquite thicket and as a volunteer in a canal in Texas. Shinners (1958) reports it wild in Erath County, Texas, while Troncoso (1937) states that it is cultivated in Argentina. Matsumura (1912) records it as cultivated in Japan, Cordus (151) in Italy, and Turrill (1922) in Turkey. Ilin (1963) reports that it is often cultivated in Russia, that the volatile content of its leaves is 0.36—-0.l8 percent and in its fruit is 0.7) percent, and that the content of the fruit increases with the development and ripeness of the fruit. Belié, Bergant-Dolar, & Morton (1961) and Sirait, Rimpler, & Hinsel (1962) have isolated the flavone, casticin, from its seeds. Lord (196) notes that the entire plant is aromatic, is improved by hard pruning in early spring, and is uncommon in Australia, but blooming in Melbourne from Jan- uary to March. Rechinger (1952) found Vitex agnus-castus growing at 160-—-350 meters below sealevel in the Dead Sea area and at 1300 meters a- bove sealevel at Cassius. He cites "D.B8172, D.172f, Gomb. 009, Har. 3097, S.645, and S.2198". The W. D. J. Koch, Taschenb. Deutsch. Fl., ed. 1 (1843) reference cited in the bibliography above, is sometimes misdated "18)),", Quezel & Santa (1963) report that this plant is used medicin- ally in Algeria and is there known as "bou mettin" and "kef 82 Pe HoYeB* OL OyGnt A Vol. 15, no. 2 mariem"., Jiménez (1961) reports the common names "yerba de la suerte" and "yerba luisa" in the Dominican Republic. Rev. Glenn B. Murdock, in a letter to me dated January 18, 1963, reports that Vitex agnus-castus is called "spikenard" in Florida. The names "lavender flowers" and "blue chaste-tree" are also recorded for it (the latter, however, is more properly applied to var. caeru- lea Rehd.). Beissner, Schelle, & Zabel (1903) call it the ‘gemeiner wonchspfeffer" in Germany. According to Betts (19))) and Taylor (196) the species is mentioned in Thomas Jefferson's "Garden Book". Schneider (1911) gives V. verticillata Lam. as a synonym, but this name belongs rather to f. latifolia (Mill.) Rehd. Mattoon (1958) lists 20 horticultural sources where it may be purchased. Herbst (1966) refers to it as the "lilac chastetree" and sells 1/ pound of seed for $1.35, or $3.40 per pound, Spector (1956) describes the plant as 15—20 feet tall, with an 8--13-foot spread and a moderate rate of growth. Nair & Reh=- man (1962) describe the pollen as subprolate, 31 x 26 (with a range of 28—3 x 23--28H), the ectine surface "with a faint LO". They cite Nat. Bot. Gard. 36021, and slide 2693, from Lucknow, India. Ingram (1887) says that in the so-called “language of flowers" it is a symbol of coldness or indifference. Zohary (1962) tells us that it forms part of the Nerion oleandri Alli- ance in Palestine. Turrill describes the corollas as “mauve and white". Ayres (1966) describes them as "blue", but is probably referring here to var. caerulea Rehd. A letter to me from M. Darwish, dated February 10, 1956, in- forms me of his intention to carry out a pharmacognostic study of this plant for a D.Sc. in biology at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science, but this intention was apparently not accomplished. Hocking (1955) avers that the aromatic seeds are used as a substitute for pepper, and, by European homeopaths, as a stimulant and carminative and the bark as a stimulant tonic. Of more than passing interest is the following earliest ref- erence to Vitex agnus-castus known to me. It is a description by Valerius Cordus (1514-154) of Wittenberg from original ob— servations made on travels in Italy and published in his "Stirpes descriptiones", ed. nov., page 7 (151), as translated by F. S. Bodenheimer in his "History of Biology" (1958): "No. 8. On the Chaste-tree (Vitex agnus castus). The Agnus or Vitex is usually called Agnus castus. It is a bushy shrub, growing almost into a slender tree, if it is permitted to grow into adolescence. It divides from a fairly thick trunk into many branches. From the trunk it sends out, from near the root, many shoots, which can be easily torn out and, fimly pressed into soil, readily grow again. The young branches and the new twigs rise at regular intervals opposite to each other, as op- posed forking twigs from the knots (of the stalk)...The pedicels arise from a single knot, on both sides, one opposite the other, much shorter than a digit, smooth and tender, from the end of 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 83 which come out five, seven or sometimes more leaves, all arising from one common organ like a human palm or like the leaves of hemp: long, narrow and sharp, with a straight and prominent upper longitudinal vein all along the leaf, similar to an olive-leaf; but they are much longer and more tender, greenish above, greyish and moderately woolly underneath. The leaves drop in winter. The biggest and longest leaf is the terminal one, the others being slightly smaller, on both sides, the more they are distant fron the biggest one. The last two, sometimes the last one, are very small. "Tt flowers in June and July at the forked ends of the long and straight twigs; small, elongate, concave, with the extreme margin longer and intended five times, bringing out small and medium stamens; attached to a small green or greyish cup as in the flowers of lavender or rosemary, and equal, on all sides ar- ranged in a ring around the twiglets in some whirls, forming at intervals a long ear [spike]. Inside the little flowers are blue-purple, outside whitish blue, one each in the indentation of the cup. There grow the seeds which are small, rounded, smaller than pepper, greyish, hard, woody. They remain throughout the winter in the forks. They germinate and sprout late. The bark of these twigs is soft, flexible and not easily broken, just as is the nature of the young twiglets. Leaves, flowers, seed and bark have a heavy smell which oppresses the head. The taste of these parts is slightly bitter and sharp, delicate only in the less active bark than in the other parts. The leaves and the seeds have a stronger taste than the flowers. Hence, the sharp- ness of the leaves and of the unopened flowers cleaves long to the palate when tasted. "It grows in wild fields and along the sea, not far from inun- dations and rapidly flowing rivers. Most common are they in the county of Ancona. It is sown in various gardens in Italy, as at Venice, Travisi, Ferrara, Padua and Bologna," Additional citations: TEXAS: Aransas Co.: Uzzell 142 (Ar— 12339). Bell Co.: Moldenke & Woods 585 (S). Eastland Co.: Mol- denke & Woods 596 (S). Henderson Co.: A A. R. Moldenke 666 (Shia Hill Co.: Moldenke & Woods 569 (S). McLennan Co.: Moldenke & Woods 580 (S). Reeves Co.: Correll & Hanson 29838 (id). San Patricio Co.: F. B. Jones 3385 (Wr) (Ww). Travis Co.: Co.: Ripperton 13 (Ar—306605). ARIZONA: Navajo Co.: Rhoton 300 (S). HISPANIOLA: Dominican Republic: B. Augusto 816 (N). ITALY: C. Bicknell s.n. ([Siguria, 8.X.1910] (Hi—195093). CORSICA: Lippert 725 (B). JUGOSLAVIA: Ischia: Sarfatti s.n. [2 Luglio 1956] (Hi—192)30). Istria: Starbuck J.127 (S). IRAN: Bunge 1 (W—716l1). CULTIVATED: Arizona: A. R. Moldenke 151 (Fg). California: Mallory s.n. [Aug. 15, “1919] (Du—-103011). Egypt: Degener & Degener 29590 (Ac). Florida: G. B. Murdock s.n. [Daytona Beach, December 15, ~1962] (S). Kansas: Vv. | C. . Hubbard s.n. (Manhattan, Sept. 1927] (Lb—27630). New Jersey: "HS Ne. Mol Moldenke 22532 (Ac). New Mexico: D. B. Dunn 8h PHY TOL 0.007 A Vol. 15, nos 2 7911 (Lb—38347), 8382 (Lb—-38353). North Carolina: M. T. Camer- on s.n. [July 8, 1933] (Hi--59472); P. O. Schallert s.n. [7/1/31] (Du—354754), sen. [7/1/36] (Hi—59L71). Oklahoma: Gephardt 608 (W—-2):21177). Peru: Soukup 2930 (W—156l06)). Texas: Moldenke & Woods 571 (S); Purvis 8 (Ld). VITEX AGNUS-—CASTUS f. ALBA (West.) Rehd. Additional & emended synonymy: Agnus castus vulgaris alba Carr,, Rev. Hort. 2=):3: 415. 1871. Agnus castus vulgaris var. alba Carr. ex C. K. Schneid., I11. Handb. Laubholzk. 59), in syn. 1911. Vitex agnuscastus alba Mattoon, Pl. Buyers Guide, ed. 6, 29). a Vitex agnus-castus "Alba! Harkness, Phytologia 10: 269. 196). Additional bibliography: C. K. Schneid., Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 59. 1911; L. H. Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl., ed. 2, 8h & 111). 19h93 W. J. Bean in Chittenden, Roy. Hort. Soc. Dict. Gard. h: 22h9. 1951; Mattoon, Pl. Buyers Guide, ed. 6, 29h. 1958; Moldenke, Phy- tologia 8: 26. 1961; Harkness, Phytologia 10: 269. 1964; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 11: 8. 196; Aul, N. Y. Herald Trib. Home & Gard. Sect. 2, April 3. 1966; Wayside Gardens, [Cat.] 1967: 179. 1967. Additional illustrations: Aul, N. Y. Herald Trib. Home & Gard. Sect. 2, April 3. 1966; Wayside Gardens, [Cat.] 1967: 179 [in color]. 1967. Aul (1966) reports this plant as offered by Wayside Gardens under the name "Silver Spire". He describes this horticultural variety as "a pure [white] form of Vitex macrophylla in contrast to the cream to lavender whites that have been offered in the past. It has the same distinctive appearance and growth habits as the regular macrophylla but is somewhat smaller in size. The plant is covered with long pointed flower spikes of purest white from July until severe frost, a time when good shrub bloom is virtually non-existent. This should be a most welcome addition to the summer blooming shrubs." Mattoon (1958) lists only one source for the form. It is possible that Silver Spire, being a form of V. agnus-castus f, latifolia (Mill.) Rehd., should not be included in V. agnus-castus f. alba (West.) Rehd., which is a white form of the typical form of the species. Carriere's orig- inal description is "Aspect et vigueur 4 peu prés semblables 4 ceux du type, dont il différe par ses fleurs blanches". ees citations: TEXAS: Ellis Co.: Moldenke & Woods 572 (S). SST eEY ye VITEX AGNUS=CASTUS var. CAERULEA Rehd. Additional synonymy: Vitex agnus castus coerulea Hort. ex Beissner, Schelle, & Zabel, Handb. Laubh. 26, nom. nud. 1903. Vitex agnus castus var. coerulea Rehd. ex C. K. Schneid., Ill. Handb. Lanbholzk. 59h. 1911. Additional bibliography: C. K. Schneid., Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 594. 1911; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 27. 1961; Ayres, Flow. Shrubs 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 85 Year-round Color 32. 1966. Ayres (1966) refers to this taxon, without mentioning a varie- tal name, as "blue chaste-tree" and reports that it grows 6—10 feet tall, bearing blue flowers in summer, and can withstand temperatures as low as 20° F. Additional citations: CULTIVATED: North Carolina: P. 0. Schal- lert 351 (Hi—30276) . Gr VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS var. DIVERSIFOLIA (Carr.) Schelle in Beissner, Schelle, & Zabel, Handb. Laubh. 426 [as "V. agnus castus di- versifolia"]. 1903. Synonymy: Vitex latiore serrato folio L'Obel, Pl. Stirp. Icon. 2: 139. 1581. Agmus folio serrato J. Bauhin, Hist. Pl. Univers. 1 (6): 205. 1650. Vitex latiore folia J. Bauhin, Pinax Theatr. Bot. 475. 1671. Agnus castus vulgaris diversifolia Carr., Rev. Hort. 42--43: 415. 1871. Agnus castus vulgaris var. diversifolia Carr. apud C. K. Schneid., Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 59, in syn. 1911. Vitex agnus-castus var. serrata Moldenke, Geogr. Distrib. Avicenn. 0, nom. nud. (1939); Am. Midl. Nat. 2h: 753. 190. Additional bibliography: [in addition to the references given previously under V. agnus-castus var. serrata Moldenke] Carr., Rev. Hort. 2-3: 415. 1871; Beissner, Schelle, & Zabel, Handb. Laubh. 26. 1903; C. K. Schneid., Il]. Handb. Laubholzk. 59h. 1911; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 27. 1961. It appears that the taxon which I called V. agnus-castus var. serrata in my monograph must have its name changed to V. agnus- castus var. diversifolia, as indicated by the synonymy listed a- bove. Schneider's description of it is “einige B'chen gez&hnt". The Beissner, Schell, & Zabel, Handb. Laubh. (1903) publica- tion is cited by Schneider (1911) as "Schelle, H.d.D.D.G.", while Carriére's publication is often dated "1870-1871" or cited as volume "42" or "3" -—- actually it is a combination of the two volumes in one and the page in question was published in 1871. His original description of the plant is "Se distingue du précé- dent [Agnus castus vulgaris] par ses folioles, les unes entiéres, les autres dentées; ses inflorescences aussi sont plus effilées, et ses fleurs sont violet rosé lilacé". VITEX AGNUS—CASTUS f. LATIFOLIA (Mill.) Rehd. Additional & emended synonymy: Agnus castus robusta Carr., Rev. Hort. 42-3: 416. 1871. Vitex agnus castus robusta Schelle in Beissner, Schelle, & Zabel, Handb. Laubh. 426, nom. nud. 1903. Vitex angnus-castus f. latifolia (Mill.) Rehd. ex Lombardo, In- vent. Pl. Cult. Montevid. 235, sphalm. 195. Vitex negundo mac- rophylla Mattoon, Pl. Buyers Guide, ed. 6, 29. 1958. Vitex agnuscastus latifolia Mattoon, Pl. Buyers Guide, ad. 6, 29. 1958. Vitex agnuscastus macrophylla Mattoon, Pl. Buyers Guide, ed. 6, 294, in syn. 1958. Vitex agnuscastus f. latifolia (Mill.) Rehd. 86 P Ria tT Orb OrGnt A Vol. 15, no. 2 ex Lombardo, Arbust. & Arbustil. Pas. Publ. 3. 1961. Additional & emended bibliography: Carr., Rev. Hort. 2-3: 416. 1871; C. K. Schneid., Il]. Handb, Laubholzk. 59. 1911; Svenson, Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Record 22: 7. 1933; Lombardo, Invent. Pl. Cult. Montevid. 235. 195; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 77. 1956; Mattoon, Pl. Buyers Guide, ed. 6, 294. 1958; Anon., Kew Bull. Gen Index 1529-1956, 293.6 19593 Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 26. 1961; Lombardo, Arbust. & Arbustil. Pas. Publ. 43, 2h2, & 314. 1961; Belié & éerin, Vestnik Slovensk. Kemij. Drust. 9: 33. 1962; Harkness, Phytologia 10: 269. 196; Aul, N. Y. Herald Trib. Home & Gard. Sect. 2, April 3. 1966; Wayside Gardens, [Cat.] 1967: 179. 1967. Additional illustrations: Wayside Gardens, [Cat.] 1967: 179 {in color]. 1967. This plant has been collected in moist soil of pastures. Mat- toon (1958) lists at least 33 horticultural sources for this plant. Belié & Gerin (1962) report that the flavone, casticin, is found in its seeds. Carriére's original description of his variety robusta is as follows: "Arbrisseau trés vigoureux, pouvant m@éme former un petit arbre. Feuilles relativement grandes, & foliolis gris verd&tre, tomenteuses-feutrées, assez larges, entiéres. Inflorescence spiciforme, étroite, ’ atteignant jusqu'a 50 centrimétres de longueur, peu rami fiée (deux courtes ramilles floriféres) a sa base, garnie dans toute sa longueur de fleurs rose carné, rela- tivenent trés-grandes (les plus grandes du genre). Trés—belle plante." Aul (1966) describes a pure white-flowered form, called "Silver Spire" horticulturally and offered to the trade by Way- side Gardens. Tentatively I am placing this in f. alba (West.) Rehd., but if it is really a form of f. latifolia rather than of typical V. agnus-castus, as appears from the description, it may need a new designation. He notes that its corollas are pure- white "in contrast to the cream to lavender whites that have been offered in the past". Wayside Gardens offer it at $.50 each, three for $12.50, and $5 per dozen. Material of V. agnus-castus f. latifolia has been misidenti- fied and distributed in herbaria as typical V. agnus-castus L. Additional citations: SOUTH CAROLINA: Darlington Co.: B. E. Smith 1468 (Hi--26017). GEORGIA: Bibb Co.: A. R. Moldenke e 372 (Fg). “LOUISIANA: Orleans Par.: Ewan 18258 (Ac). CULTIVATED: California: McClintock s.n. [July 1), 1943] (Mi). North Carolina: LeClair s.n. [July 26, 1937] (Hi--8503). VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS var. PSEUDO-NEGUNDO Hausskn. in Bormm., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 22 (2) [Pl. Strauss. 3]: 117—118. 1907. Additional & emended bibliography: Bornm., Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 22 (2) [Pl. Strauss. 3]: 117—118. 1907; Blakelock, Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Awe 539. 1949; Galil, Hort. Bot. Univ. Tel-aviv. Ind. Sem. 196: 6 (196) and 1966: 5. *1966; Kitamura, Results Kyoto Univ. 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 87 Scient. Exped. Karakoram 8: 132. 1966; Galil, Tankus, & Prusbul, Hort. Bot. Univ. Tel-aviv. Ind. Sem. 1967: 7. 1967. A letter from Dr. Simone Vautier, dated August 27, 196, enables me to correct the citation for the original publication of the trinomial accepted for this taxon. She says "A la page 193, a propos du Vitex agnus-castus var. pseudo-—negundo (Hausskn.) in Bormm. vous indiquez que la référence exacte, citée par Hand.- Maz [sic] vous manque: Plantae Strauss. 3: 117 (1907). La cita- tion indiquée se trouve en eff@t dans un article de Bormtiller J. dont le title est 'Plantae Straussianae' pars 3, paru dans les Beihefte z. Centralblatt 1907 Band 22/2, pages jo2 4142. It est probable que depuis 1955, vous ayez mis la main sur ce détail de la littérature des Vitex, cependant, je me permets a tout hasard de vous le signaler, si_ si eas peut vous &tre utile." Regel reports that this plant is very common on the banks of the rivers running from the mountains of Iraq. It is "very close to the Mediterranean Vitex agnus castus and can be considered as an Irano-Turanian variety of the Mediterranean element". A letter to me from Berta Cerin, dated April 29, 1962, announces her in- tention to work on the * chemical constituents of the seeds of this variety. Its corollas are described as "blue" on the Gillett s.n. and as "violet" on the Rami s.n. specimens cited below. Blakelock (1949) cites Lazar 1593 from Iraq. Additional citations: IRAQ: Gillett s.n. [Nat. Herb. Iraq 932] (W—227L217) ; Rami s.n. (Nat. Herb. Iraq 9070] (W--2272901); C. Regel 66 (B). VITEX AGNUS=CASTUS var. PSEUDO-NEGUNDO f. ALBIFLORA Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 195. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 158 & 1,75. 1959. Personally, I do not like the use of trinomials and quadrino- mials, but their use seems to be standard practice today. VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS var. SERRATA Moldenke It appears that the correct name for this taxon is V. agnus- castus var. diversifolia (Carr.) Schelle, which see. VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS f. VARINGATA Moldenke, f. nov. Synonymy: Vitex agnus castus variegata Hort. ex Beissner, Schelle, & Zabel, Handb. Laubh. 26, nom. nud. 1903. Haec ” forma a forma typica speciei foliolis albo-variegatis re- cedit. This form differs from the typical form of the species in hav- ing its leaflets variegated with whitish patches. VITEX ALTISSIMA L. f. Additional & emended synonymy: Vitex altissima L. ex Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 197, in syn. 1955; Satyanarayan, Proc. Sympos. Humid Trop. Veg. 205. 1958. Vitex altisima L. ex Nair & Rehman, Bull. Bot. Gard. Lucknow 76: 21, fig. 2h, sphalm. 1962. 88 PHY T OCLtOvGrL & Vol. 15, no. 2 Additional bibliography: Bocq., Adansonia 3: [Rev. Verbenac.] 253. 1863; W. A. Talbot, Syst. List Trees Shrubs Bomb. 161, 162, & 229. 189); E. D. Merr., Interpret. Rumph. Herb. Amboin. 310 & 594. 1917; Gamble, Fl. Madras 1101--1103. 192; Dastur, Useful Pl. India 221. 1952; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 77. 1956; Satyanarayan, Proc. Sympos. Humid Trop. Veg. 205. 1958; Nayar, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 1: 12). 1959; Maun, Philip. Journ. Forest. 16: 108. 1960; Sebastine & Henry, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 3: 61, 1961; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 62. 1961; Nair & Rehman, Bull. Bot. Gard. Lucknow 76: 21, fig. 2h. 1962; Menninger, Flow. Trees World 285. 1962; Legris, Trav. Sect. Scient. Inst. Frang. Pond. 6: 18h, 193--195, 202, 263, 501, 508, 522, & 586. 1963; Meher- Hamji, Trav. Sect. Scient. Inst. Frang. Pond. 7 (1): 163. 1963; A. L. Moldenke, Phytologia 11: 70. 196; Rao & Sastry, Bull. Bot. Surv. India 6: 160 & 164. 1964; Backer & Bakh., Fl. Java 2: 606. 1965; D. S. Rao, Naturwiss. 52 (10): 262. 1965; Qureshi, Govt. Sarawak Sympos. Ecol. Res. Humid Trop. Veg. 127 & 128. 1965; A- non., Biol. Abstr. 47: 2888. 1966. Additional illustrations: Nair & Rehman, Bull. Bot. Gard. Lucknow 76: 21, fig. 2h. 1962. Nair & Rehman (1962) describe the pollen of this plant as sub- prolate, 28 x 21m (with a range of 26-28 x 21--221), the ec- tine surface faintly areolate. Rao & Sastry (196) report the species as common in Mysore, India. Backer & Bakhuizen van den Brink (1965) assert that immature trees of V. pinnata L. are of- ten mistaken for and identified as V. altissima in error. Dastur (1952) actually regards the name, Vitex pinnata L., as a synonym of V. altissima, but I have examined the actual type specimen, as I have stated previously, and it is certainly identical with what used to be called V. pubescens Vahl. Dastur states that V. altis- sima is known as "bulgi", "burnige”, ‘milla", and "naviladi" in India, that its drupes are 1/4 inch in diameter, purple, white~ dotted, and borne on a persistent calyx, and that it is common in the Western Ghats in southern India where it is used for building Hindu temples. Its wood is olive-gray to olive-brown, durable under water, takes a good polish, and is excellent timber for furniture, cabinet-work, turnery, building and well construction, carts, the felloes of wheels, agricultural implements, and combs. A yellow dye is extracted from the wood. The Ramaswamy 2897 distributed as Ve altissima is actually V. negundo L. VITEX ALTISSIMA var. ZEYLANICA (Turcz.) C. B. Clarke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 202-203. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 167, 225, 380, 391, & 75. 1959. Turczaninow's original description of this taxon is "V. caule ramisque tetragonis glabriusculis; foliis oppositis longe petio- latis, foliolis ternis breviter petiolulatis, oblongo—lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis integerrimis, utraque pagina punctis minutis- simis exasperata, caeterum subglabris subtus pallidioribus; panic- ulis terminalibus geminis trichotomis pubescentibus, foliis multo 1967 Moldenke, Notex on Vitex 89 longioribus; cymis in ramis paniculae oppositis confertis; caly- cibus brevissime pedicellatis, obtuse 5 dentatis, corolla infun- dibuliformi subduplo brevioribus. Zeylan, Gardner No 67." Additional citations: CEYLON: J. Fraser 178 (W-7160). VITEX AMBONIENSIS Gtirke Additional bibliography: K. Schum. in Just, Bot. Jahresber. 28 (1): 497. 1902; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 28-29. 1961; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 12: 7. 1965. Recent collectors describe this plant as a bush or shrub, 8 feet tall, a tree to 30 feet tall, or even as a "liana with long spreading branches covering a big area", the branches slender, bark dark-gray, roughened, with a brown slash, leaf-blades green- ish, with a yellowish-brown tomentum, and the fruit green, mottled. The corollas are described as "yellowish, with a large blue lobe and blue hairs in the throat" (R. M. Harley 942k), "purple" (H. G. Faulkner 1853), or "upper petals blue-mauve, low- er paler, throat yellow" (Wild, Goldsmith, & Muller s.n.). The plant has been found in flower in April Sait August, growing at altitudes of 10 to 2550 feet in the coastal bush or on recently burned savannas with scattered small bushes and trees. It is said to be "moderately common" in Tanganyika. Additional citations: TANGANYIKA: H. G. Faulkner 1853 (S); R. M. Harley 942 (S). KENYA: Edmund Heller 31) (W—634397). AN-— GOLA: Benguela: Campos de Andrada drada 7) (U1). RHODESIA: B. Gold- smith 79/62 (S); Wild, Goldsmith, & Muller s.n. [l.12.196h] (S). VITEX AMBONIENSIS var. SCHLECHTERI Pieper Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 206. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 151 & 75. 1959. VITEX ANDONGENSIS J. G. Baker Additional bibliography: K. Schum. in Just, Bot. Jahresber. 28 (1): 497. 1902; Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 206 . 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 147, 381, & h75. 1959. VITEX ANGOLENSIS Gtirke Additional bibliography: Gtirke in Baum, Kunene-Sambesi Exped. 350. 1903; Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 207 (1955) and 5: 355. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 147 & 475. 1959. VITEX APPUNI Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 207—208. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 76, 111, & 475. 1959. Aristeguieta describes this * plant as a tree, 6--8 m. tall, with blue flowers, blooming in February. Material has been mis- identified and distributed in herbaria under the name V. orino- censis (Miq.) Huber. “aaeaeonrg citations: VENEZUELA: GuArico: Aristeguieta 527 N). 90 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 15, no. 2 VITEX AUREA Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 208--209. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 74, 103, 105, & 271, fig. 15, 1. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 156 & 4,75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 105, fig. a5. 1. 1956. VITEX AXILLARIS Wall. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 209. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 166 & 75. 1959. VITEX BALBI Chiov. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 209. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 146 & 475. 1959. VITEX BARBATA Planch. Additional bibliography: Dalz., Useful Pl. W. Trop. Afr. 56. 1937; Moldenke, Résumé 133, 135--137, 140, & 475. 1959; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 62. 1961; F. R. Irvine, Woody Pl. Ghana 761. 1961. Irvine (1961) describes this plant as a tree, the young parts finely golden-pubescent, the leaves digitate, with 3--5 leaflets, the central one largest, 5 inches long, 2 inches wide, crenulate toward the apex, cuneate at the base, the flowers small, hairy, yellowish and blue-purple, in long-peduncled cymes that are minutely tomentellous, collected in flower from February to April, in fruit in April, growing in the savanna forest from Senegambia to Ghana. He cites Kitson 835. Dalziel (1937) says that in Gam- bia it is called "kutu-fingo" and in French Guinea the vernacular names are "as for V. chrysocarpa", including "ba-kudu-né", VITEX BEFOTAKENSIS Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 209-210. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 75, 118-119, 121, & 272, fig. 18, 1 & 2. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 121, fig. 15, i & Ge 1956. VITEX BENTHAMIANA Domin Additional bibliography: Warb. in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 13: 428. 1891; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 29. 1961. VITEX BENUENSIS Engl. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 211. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 139 & 475. 1959. VITEX BEQUAERTI DeWild. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 355. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 12 & 475. 1959. VITEX BERAVIENSIS Vatke Synonymy: Vitex bevariensis Vatke ex Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 91 Madag. 17): 95, sphalm. 1956. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 211—213. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 72, 73, 95—99, & 272, fig. 13, 2—l. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157, 381, 384, & 475. 1959. Tllustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 95, fig. 13, 2—); ° 1956 e VITEX BERAVIENSIS var. ACUMINATA Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 213. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 73, 95, 98--99, & 272, fig. 13, 7. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157, 381, 384, & 475. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 95, fig. 19, 7.1956. VITEX BERAVIENSIS f. PILOSA Moldenke Synonymy: Vitex beraviensis var. pilosa Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 95, sphalm. 1956. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 213—21). 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 72, 95, 97, 98, & 272, fig. 13, 5. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 95, fig. 13, 5. 1956. VITEX BERAVIENSIS f. VILLOSA Moldenke Synonymy: Vitex beraviensis var. villosa Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 95, sphalm. 1956. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 21). 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 73, 95, 98, & 272, fig. 13, 6. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 4,75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 95, fig. 13, 6. 1956. VITEX BETSILIENSIS Humbert Bibliography: Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 22. 1939; Moldenke, Phy- tologia 5: 214—215. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 73, 7h, 100—102, & 272, fig. lk, 6 & 7. 1956; Noldenke, Résumé 157, 225, & 75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 101, fig. 1, 6 & 7. 1956. VITEX BETSILIENSIS ssp. BARORUM Humbert Bibliography: Humbert, Not. Syst. 8: 23-2. 1939; Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 215. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 7h, 101, 102, & 272, fig. 1h, 8 & 9. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 475. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 101, fig. 14, 8 & 9. 1956. VITEX BOGALENSIS Wernham Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 215. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 139 & 475. 1959. 92 P Het OL Gal & Vol. 15, no. 2 VITEX BOJERI Schau. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 355—356. 1956; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 7h, 75, 103--106, & pee? pt 15, 2 & 3. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157, 251, 381, 383, & 752 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 105, fig. 15, 2& 3. 1956. VITEX BOJERI var. SUBORBICULARIS Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 31 (1951) and 5: 217. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 7h, 105, 106, & 272, fig. 15, 4. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 475. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 105, fig. SS a) nee al )stoy VITEX BRACTEATA S. Elliot Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 217-—-218. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 75, 119--121, & 272, fig. 18, 3. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 4,75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 121, fig. 18, 3. 1956. VITEX BREVILABIATA Ducke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 29. 1961. An isotype of this species, Ducke s.n. [Herb. Rio de Janeiro 313), in the herbarium at the Botanisches Museum at Berlin, was photographed there by Macbride as his type photograph number 17559, but is now destroyed. Additional citations: BRAZIL: Par&: Ducke s.n. [Herb. Rio de Janeiro 311; Macbride photos 17559] (N--photo of isotype, W— photo of isotype). VITEX BREVIPETIOLATA Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 220. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 11] & 475. 1959. VITEX BUCHANANII J. G. Baker Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 62. 1961. Best describes this plant as a large herb or shrub with sev- eral erect stems from a single rootstock, the stems green, smooth, and rather brittle, "not woody like a shrub", the leaves medium-green above, rough, paler beneath, the flowers white, the anthers pale-brown, and the entire plant faintly aromatic and reminiscent of celery, growing in cleared woodland, in well- drained rocky black soil in full exposure to the sun, at 3250 feet altitude, blooming in February. Additional citations: RHODESIA: E. B. Best 189 (S). VITEX BUCHANANII var. QUADRANGULA (Gtirke) Pieper Additional bibliography: K. Schum. in Just, Bot. Jahresber. 28 (1): 497. 1902; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 29. 1961. 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 93 VITEX BUCHNERI Gtirke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 303 (1955) and 5: 356. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 1/2, 147, & 475. 1959. The two collections cited below were erroneously cited by me in Phytologia 5: 303 (1955) as V. congolensis DeWild. & Th. Dur.; their petiolules seem to be definitely elongate. Additional citations: CONGO LEOPOLDVILLE: Claessens 675 (N, S); Louis 1761 (N). VITEX BUDDINGII Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia h: 59—60 (1952) and 5: 222--223. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 19) & 75. 1959. VITEX BURMENSIS Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 30—31. 1961; Moldenke, Biol. Abstr. 37: 1062. 1962; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 3: 17. 1962. VITEX CAESPITOSA Exell Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 223. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 147 & 475. 1959. VITEX CALOTHYRSA Sandw. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Biol. Abstr. 30: 170k. 1956; Anon., Kew Bull. Gen. Index 1929-1956, 293. 1959; Moldenke, Phytologia 6: 31. 1961. An isotype of this species, Spruce 3356, in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin, was photographed there by Mac- bride as his type photograph number 1756), but is now destroyed. Additional citations: VENEZUELA: Bolivar: Spruce 3356 [Macbride photos 1756] (W--photo of isotype). BRAZIL: Amazonas: Ducke 505 (W—1693509) . VITEX CANESCENS Kurz Additional & emended bibliography: Craib, Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 9: 443. 1911; Fletcher, Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1938: 431 & 433-—- 434. 1938; Anon., Kew Bull. Gen. Index 1929-1956, 293. 1959; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 31--32. 1961; Legris, Trav. Sect. Scient. Inst. Frang. Pond. 6: 508 & 586. 1963. Recent collectors describe this plant as a tree or small tree, 30 m. tall, "downy in all parts", the trunk 1 1/2 feet in diame- ter, rather rough, the bark gray, peeling off in irregular patches, the inflorescences to 1 m. long, the corollas crean- white, yellow in the throat (Kingdon-Ward 21882), the fruit black, growing at 2000--3000 m. altitude, blooming in March, fruiting in June and July. Additional citations: INDIA: Assam: Koelz 28165 (Mi). BURMA: Upper Burma: Kingdon-Ward 21882 (Bm). THAILAND: Kostermans 12),8 (W—2039892) . VITEX CAPITATA Vahl Additional synonymy: Vitex capitatus Vahl ex Moldenke, Résumé 9h PH Peel pOudOuGot A Vol. 15, no. 2 SuppligienlO,sim syn. 1963. Additional bibliography: Bocq., Adansonia 3: [Rev. Verbenac.] 253. 1863; Ettingsh., K. Akad. Wiss. Wien Denkschr. 28: 219 [Fos- sile Fl. Bilin 2: 21]. 1868; Moldenke in Cheesman, Fl. Trin. & Tob. 2: 411--13. 1955; Moldenke, Verb. 30--32. 1955; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 32. 1961; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 7: 10. 1963. Recent collectors describe this plant as a tree, 3.5--10 m. tall, the trunk 10 cm. in diameter, the leaves subcoriaceous, deep-green above, pale-green beneath, the buds greenish-white, the immature fruit green, growing along rivers on wooded slopes bordering savannas and on granitic outcrops, at 300-600 m. alti- tude, fruiting in August, and called "guaratare" or "guatara", An isotype specimen, Ryan s.n., deposited in the herbarium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris, was photo- graphed there by Macbride as his type photograph number 3999. The type of V. bignonioides, Bonpland 7, deposited in the her- barium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin, was photographed there by Macbride as his type photograph number 17558, but is now destroyed. Additional citations: TRINIDAD: Ryan s.n. [1796; Herb. Will- denow 11712; Herb. Jussieu 5057; Macbride photos 39,99] (W--photo of isotype). VENEZUELA: Anzoategui: H. Pittier 188) (W— 1857801). Apuré: Vélez 2688 (Ve). Aragua: Bonpland 741 [Mac- bride photos 17558] (W--photo). Bolivar: J. A. Steyermark 86791 (Fg, N), 94269 (Lw). Gudrico: Aristeguieta 1183 (Ve—-L5591) ; Burkart 16206 (Ve). Monagas: F. D. Smith 230 (W—2121\73); Wur- dack & Monachino 39451 (N). SURINAM: Irwin, Prance, Stderstrom, & Holmgren 5551) (N). VITEX CARBUNCULORUM Smith & Ramas Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 26l—265. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 166 & 75. 1959. Recent collectors have described this species as a tree or tall tree, 7m. tall, the bark 0.5 cm. thick, the wood white, leaves green, corollas yellowish (Bunpheng 1148), growing in evergreen forests, at an altitude of 350 m., blooming in March, fruiting in June, and called "makang". Bunpheng refers to it as "common" in open spaces on plains. Additional citations: THAILAND: Bunpheng 11,8 [Herb. Roy. Forest Dept. 26233] (Z); K. Larsen aB3 (Lw). VITEX CARVALHI Gtirke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 265. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 16, 151, & 475. 1959. VITEX CAULIFLORA Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 432 (1951) and 5: 265— 266. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 73, 99-101, & 272, fig. ll, 1 & 2. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & L75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 101, fig. 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 95 ly, 1 & 2. 1956. VITEX CAULIFLORA var. LONGIFOLIA Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 433 (1951) and 5: 266. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 73, 100, 101, & 272, fig. 14, 4 & 5. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 101, fig. ly, kh & 5. 1956. VITEX CAULIFLORA var. VILLOSISSIMA Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 33 (1951) and 5: 266. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 73, 99--101, & 272, fig. 1h, 3. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 475. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 101, fig. Us, 3. 1956. VITEX CESTROIDES J. G. Baker Synonymy: Vitex cestroides J. G. Baker ex Moldenke in Humbert, ELS Madag. 17h: 85. 1956. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 266--267. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 72, 83--85, & 272, fig. 11, 1--3. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 85, fig. tae 3.61956. VITEX CHARIENSIS A. Chev. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 267. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 140 & 475. 1959. VITEX CHARIENSIS var. LATIFOLIA A. Chev. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 267--268. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 10 & 475. 1959. VITEX CHRYSLERIANA Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 268—269. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 111 & 75. 1959. VITEX CHRYSOCARPA Planch. Additional bibliography: Dalz., Useful Pl. W. Trop. Afr. 56. 1937; Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 269 (1955) and 5: 356. 1956; Mol- denke, Résumé 133, 135-~138, 12, 148, 382, 391, & 75. 1959; F. R. Irvine, Woody Pl. Ghana 761. 1961; Huber in Hutchinson & Dalz., Fl. W. Trop. Afr., ed. 2, 2: WS & bh8. 1963. Dalziel (1937) says "In Togo the people use the wood to make fishing gear". He records the additional vernacular name "ba- kudu-né", as well as "balamagnian kan", The first of these, he notes, probably refers also to V. barbata Planch. Cooper records "kpar-seh" and describes the plant as a tree, 0--60 feet tall, and the trunk 10--18 inches in diameter, with buttresses. Huber (1963) regards V. pseudochrysocarpa Pieper as a synonyn and refers to the plant as a "Small shrub or spreading tree, es- pecially on banks of rivers; indumentum mostly pale yellow, 96 P BeY T OeLsOnGil A Vol. 15, nowue flowers violet, in peduncled cymes". He cites Chevalier 2756 & 2765, Jaeger a Vuillet 611, and Waterlot 1116 from Mali, ~Cheval- ier 2768 and and Pobéguin 232 2 fron Guinea, Serv. v. For. 208 & 2736 from Ivory Coast, Adams s 4567, Dalziel 2, , Kitson on 688, V: Vigne 6 FH.1688 and Williams 150 from Ghana, Aubréville 78d from To; Teco) Chevalier 2394 from Niger, Barter 388 & 1214, Dalziel 115, and Onochie FHI. 18669 & 40236 from Northern Nigeria, and Kennedy 58, Obaseki FHI. 23625, and T. Vogel 142 from Southern Nigeria. Irvine (1961) describes the plant as "A spreading tree, bark smooth, young parts dense yellow-pubescent; leaves 3--5 foliolate, leaflets x 2 in., central largest, obovate or oblanceolate, yellow-hairy below, cuspidate, upper half toothed; flowers (Mar .— Apr.) small, blue-purple, hairy, 1/2 aa long, few, in pedunculate axillary cymes; fruits (Apr. —May, Aug.) 1/2 -- 3/h, in. diam., yellow-velvety, becoming glabrous and black." He gives its dis- tribution as "S. Leone to Nigeria" and cites from Ghana (where he says it is common in the Fringing Forest zone): Anderson oo, Dal- ziel s.n., Johnson 1113, Kitson 687, 688, 729, & 897, Rea 1665, Vigne . 1688 & 3330, and Ll. Will Willians 150. ~~ Additional citations: LIBERIA: Ge ies Cooper 67 [Herb. Mus. Yale School For. 13717] (W—1378347) . VITEX CHRYSOMALLUM Steud. Additional bibliography: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: NOs sera 27h ks 272, fig 320), Ge 19563 Moldenke, Résumé 15i, 251, 381, 362 , 386, & f75. 19593 Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 32. 19 ibe Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 135, fig. 21, 6. 1956. VITEX CHRYSOMALLUM var. LONGICALYX Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 31 (1951) and 5: 271-—- 272. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 77, 138, 139, & 272, fig. 22, 3 & h. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 139, fig. 22, 3& h. 1956. VITEX CHRYSOMALLUM var. TOMENTELLA Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 431--32 (1951) and 2s 272. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 77, 138, 139, & 272, fig. 22, 1 & 2. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 175. 1959. Tllustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 139, fig. 22, 1 & 2. 1956. VITEX CILIO-FOLIOLATA A. Chev. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 272-273. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 137 & 75. 1959. VITEX COCHINCHINENSIS P. Dop Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 356. 1956; Mol- 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 97 denke, Résumé 177 & 75. 1959. VITEX COFASSUS Reinw. Additional synonymy: Vitex cofassus Reniv. & Bl. ex Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 3: 42, in syn. 1962. Vitex confassus Reinw. ex Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 3: 2, in syn. 1962. Vitex cofassum Reinw, ex Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 7: 10, in syn. 1963. Additional & emended bibliography: E. D. Merr., Interpret. Rumph. Herb. Amb. 52 & 594. 1917; H. J. Lam in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 59: 27--28 & 92. 192; Kanehira, Fl. Micrones. 33, 3hh, & 57. 1933; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 32—3. 1961; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 3: 42 (1962), 7: 10 (1963), and 12: 8. 1965; Backer & Bakh., Fl. Java 2: 60h. 1965; T. C. Whitmore, Guide Forests Brit. Solomon Isls. 117, 133, 142, & 205. 1966; J. C. Saunders, CSIRO Land Research Ser. 17: 17h. 1967. Recent collectors describe this species as a small tree, Sm. tall, or a tree 10-30 m. tall, the trunk 50 cm. in diameter, the bark close, pale brownish-gray, buds white, and the fruit fleshy, dark-purplish or black when ripe. Backer & Bakhuizen van den Brink (1965) describe it as follows: "Leaves glabrous or subglab- rous on both surfaces, ovate-oblong, rather long-acuminate, dark green with paler nerves above, gland-dotted beneath, 10--30 cm by 310.5 cm; petiole 1--8 cm. Panicles terminal and in the higher axils, combined into a 15--30 cm long terminal panicle, finely pubescent; cymes 1.5-—-3 cm (inclusive of 6—15 cm peduncle) [sict]; calyx pubescent, 1 3/ — 2 mm high; corolla bluish violet, outside covered with sessile glands, inside (from the insertion of the stamens up to the base of the lower lip) pubescent; tube )—5 mm; median segment of lower lip 5—6 mm; bases of filaments villous; drupe depressed-globose, dark violet, 3/4 -- 11/4 om diam......native to eastern Malesia; in Java cultivated in the Bogor Botanic Garden; also found as an escape near Bogor". Whitmore (1966) states that this tree is found as a common big tree throughout the Solomon Islands, but not on Santa Cruz, and not in pure stands; the wood used locally to make paddles. It is called "aiululu" and "fata" there. He cites Rechinger 3748 and Waterhouse 29. Other vernacular names recorded for it are "moi- kewie" and "moluli". Brass found it "frequent in the canopy layer" in Papua. Saunders (1967) refers to it as common in tall alluvium forests and in mixed deciduous hill forests in New Gui- nea, and notes that it is occasional in irregular tall alluvium forests, tall evergreen fan forests at low altitudes, tall mixed deciduous forests, foothill and md slope hill forests at low and medium altitudes, and in small-crowned hill forests. The corollas are described as "blue-purple" on M. S. Clemens 10443, "violet" on Brass 21950, and "lavender" on Brass 21909. The species has been found in anthesis in July and in fruit in March. The Lam (192) reference is often cited as "1925", but the latter date is merely the title-page date for the volume; the pages cited were published in 192). 98 |S bee: Gu Gl a! SFR a a =| Vol. 15, ‘iopee Additional citations: WESTERN PACIFIC ISLANDS: MARIANA ISLANDS: Agiguan: Kondo sen. [June 3, 1952] (Bi). PALAU ISLANDS: Palau: Hosokawa 7051 (Mi). INDONESIA: GREATER SUNDA ISLANDS: Celebes: Waturandang 16 [Boschproefst. Cel/V.13] (Bi). MOLUCCA ISLANDS: Amboina: Hallalu 4 [Boschproefst. B.B.19510] (Bi). MICRONESIA: CAROLINE ISLANDS: ~ Babelthuap: Hosokawa 7051, in part (Bi). Garo- dokku: Takamatsu 1226 (Bi), 1268 (Bi), 1363 (Bi). MELANESIA: NEW GUINEA: Northeastern New Guinea: Cavanaugh ugh 052 (Bi); M. S. Clem- ens 1043 (Mi); Fryar 3347 (BL), 4000 (Bi); Hoogland 1869 ( (Was 0: 221117); MeViegh & Ridgwell 7366 (Bi (Bi); Womersley 3313 3 (Bi). Pa- pua: Brass 21909 (A), 21950. 21950 (A), ezig2 (W—--2390813). | BISMARK AR= CHIPELAGO: New Britain: 3 Floyd 6633 (Bi (Bi); Womersley & Kazakoff 7082 (Bi). New Hannover: : Dissing, Kgie, & & Olsen 1978 (CryeZ ie Island undetermined: Dissing, Kfie, & Olsen 2003 (Ac, Cp). SOLO- MON ISLANDS: Bougainville: Kajewski 1533 (Bi), i 1843 (Bi). Gua- dalcanal: Kajewski 2387 (Bi), 2489 (Bi), 2605 (Bi). Malaita: Ka- jewski 2381 (Bi). San Cristoval: Brass 2621 (Bi). Ysabel: Brass 3154 (Bi), 3272 (Bi). Island undetermined: Waterhouse 29 [Herb. Mus. Yale Sch. For. 21160] (Bi). MOUNTED ILLUSTRATIONS: H. N. Moldenke color slide 71 (Z). VITEX COFASSUS f. ANOMALA Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 279--280. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 195, 199, 225, & 75. 1959. VITEX COFASSUS var. PUBERULA H. J. Lam Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 3h. 1961. Additional citations: MELANESIA: NEW GUINEA: Northeastern New Guinea: J. H. Barrett s.n. [Pulsford 18] (Bi). VITEX COLUMBIENSIS Pittier Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Biol. Abstr. 30: 170 & 3551. 1956; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: as 1961. VITEX COMPRESSA Turez. Additional bibliography: Moldenke in Cheesman, Fl. Trin. & Tob. 2: 11 & 12. 1955; Moldenke, Verb. 30 & 31. 19553 Moldenke, Phy- tologia 8: 62. 1961. Turezaninow's original description of this plant is as follows: "V. ramis acute tetragonis compressis glabris, faciebus canalicu- latis nervosis; foliis oppositis petiolatis, foliolis 5 oblongo- lanceolatis, obtuse acuminatis, basi in petiolum parum decurrenti- bus integerrimis glabris, subtus vix pallidioribus, exterloribus [sic] saepe minoribus ellipticis; paniculis axillaribus tenuissime puberulis, foliis brevioribus; calyce breviter 5 dentato, tubo corollae campanulato-infundibuliformi duplo bre. .ore. Flores li- lacini. Ocana, prope Eullanada, alt. 3500 ped. Schlim No 518." An isotype, deposited in the herbarium of the Co. servatoire et Jardin Botaniques at Geneva, was photographed there by Macbride as 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 99 his type photograph number 21,70). Recent collectors describe this plant as a tree, 8 m. tall, the leaves rich-green above, dull beneath, and the calyx, pedicels, and rachis gray-green, fruiting in September. The corolla is de- scribed as "lavender" on J. A. Steyermark 86381. Additional vernacular names are "alaso abo", "“guaratare", "guarataro", "pachaca", "torumillo", and Mwaro koeli djamaro". Stahel 349 is accompanied by a wood voucher. Material of this species has been misidentified and distribu- ted in herbaria as V. orinocensis H.B.K. and as Crataeva gynura L. Additional citations: CURACAO: Arnoldo 227) (S). COLOMBIA: Magdalena: Dugand 5663 (W—-2369332); H. H. Smith 2107 (Mi, Ws). Norte de Santander: Schlim 518 [Macbride p photos otos 2470] (W——photo of isotype). VENEZUELA: Anzoategui: H. Pittier 15069 (W— 1833214). Bolivar: Bernardi 700 (N, Ve); E. L. Little 17596 (Ve), 17618 (Ve); J. A. “A. Steyermark soe (Fe, N, Ve--51115, W Ww 2426081), 8 86621 (Fg, N), 86722 (Fg, N “N, Ve), 86916 (Fg, N), 94239 (Lw). Gu4rico: Aristeguieta & & eeatind 6407 (Rf) (Rf). Lar&: Badil- lo 469 (Ve—1831)). Yaracuy: "Bernardi 6955 (Ve). State undeter- mined: H. Pittier 15118 [Cantaura] ura] (Ve--1762). BRITISH GUIANA: Tutin 1) (W—1743362), 333 (W—173519), 334 (W—1743520). SURI- NAM: | Stahel 3h9 (Ws, Ws). VITEX CONGENSIS A. Chev. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 300. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 12, 419, & 475. 1959. VITEX CONGESTA Oliv. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 300-~30l. 1955: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 76, 129, 131--132, & Ae fie 20, O.& 7. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157, 274, 356, & 475. 1959. Additional illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 129, fig. 20,6 & 7. 1956. VITEX CONGOLENSIS DeWild. & Th. Dur. Additional bibliography: K. Schum. in Just, Bot. Jahresber. 28 (1): 497. 1902; Molcenke, Phytologia 8: 3h. 1961; Moldenke, Résu- mé Suppl. 12: iP 1965. Schumann (1902) is of the opinion that this taxon is conspecif- is with V. ferruginea Schum. & Thonn. The vernacular name, "tshikamba-tshitoma" is recorded for it from Angola, where the plant has been collected at 1100 meters altitude. In the Congo it has been found at 470 m. altitude by Louis. Material has been misidentified and distributed in herbaria as V. rufa A. Chev. The Louis 1761 and Claessens 675, cited by me as V. congolensis in my monograph, are both actually V. buchneri Gtrke because of their obvious elongated petiolules. 100 P Hey Thom OsGel A Vol...15', now Additional citations: LIBERIA: Dinklage 219) (B). CONGO LEO- POLDVILLE: Louis 13889 (B). ANGOLA: Benguela: Gossweiler 12538 (UL). Lunda: Machade s.n. [Ang. Veg. 131; Gossweiler 87] (Ul). VITEX CONGOLENSIS var. GILLETII (Gtirke) Pieper Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 303. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 11,2, 383, & 475. 1959. VITEX CORDATA Aubrév. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 305. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 133, 136, & 475. 1959. VITEX COURSI Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: 433--l3 (1951) and 5: 306. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 76, 128—130, & oles fig. 20, 1 & 2. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157, 382, & 75. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 129, fig. 20, 1 & 2. 1956. VITEX CRENATA A. Chev. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 306—307. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 1)0 & 475. 1959. VITEX CUSPIDATA Hiern Additional bibliography: K. Schum. in Just, Bot. Jahresber. 28 (1): 497. 1902; Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 307 (1955) and 5: 357. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 142, 147, & 175. 1959. VITEX CYMOSA Bert. Additional & emended synonymy: Vitex cujabensis Mart. ex Benth., Bot. Voy. Sulphur 155. 1846. Vitex cimosa Bert. ex An- gely, Fl. Paran. 7: 13, sphalm. 1957. Vitex cymosa Benth., in herb. Additional bibliography: Benth., Bot. Voy. Sulphur 155. 186; Morong, Britton, & Vail, Am. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 7: 199. 1893; Le Cointe, Amaz. Bras. III Arv. & Plant. Uteis, ed. 2, 56—157. 1947; Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 357. 1956; Angely, Fl. Paran. 7: 13. 1957; Tamayo, Bol. Soc. Venez. Cienc. Nat. 23: 295. 1963; Molden- ke, Résumé Suppl. 12: 2. 1965; Teague, Anal. Mus. Hist. Nat. Mon- tev.e, ser. 2, 7 (kk): 45. 1965. An isotype, Balbis s.n., deposited in the herbarium of the Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques at Geneva, was photographed there by Macbride as his type photograph number 7883. Additional vernacular names recorded for the species are "jaramantaia", "tarumai", "tarum& do alagado", "tarum4 do igapé", "tarum4 pr€to!, and "totumillo". Le Cointe (1947) says that this tree is found on the inundated margins of lakes and rivers, "floresce despido de folhagem, logo que os ramos emergen da 4gua depois da enchente anual"; the wood being "amareol-pardacenta", and the "fruto da forma e do tamanho de uma azeitona, doce, mas deixando na boca um 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 101 sabor acre", Cardona found the tree growing at 300 meters alti- tude. Black describes it as a tree, 66 feet tall, with a trunk diameter of 11/2 feet, and that an "evil smelling stagnant li- quid ran out of the log after it was sawed". The species has al- so been found growing on hills. The corollas are described as "blue" on Arnoldo 162). Teague (1965) reports that the wood is used for shelves and general carpentry, and medicinally as an antiluetic. He cites Teague 22 & 662 and Herb. Rojas s.n. Material of V. cymosa has been misidentified and distributed in herbaria as Vv. orinocensis var. multiflora (Miq.) Huber, God- mania aesculifolia (H.B.K.) Standl., and Tabebuia sp. ~~ Additional citations: CURACAO: Arnoldo 162] (W——2110663), 2275 (N, N, S). COLOMBIA: Atl4ntico: Dugand 452 (W—26376) . Magda- lena: Balbis s.n. [Bertero 2755; Macbride photos 7883] (W—photo of isotype); Haught 4039 (W—17088)6); H. H. Smith 1936 (Mi, Ws). Putumayo: Cuatrecasas s 112h9 (W—-1799678, W—1799679). Tolima: Garcia-Barriga 3103 (W—159 336k) . VENEZUELA: Bolfvar: Cardona 29 (Ve). BRAZIL: Amazonas: Ducke 476 (W—1693)80) ; Frées 2621 (W—228462), 26506 (N); Krukoff 502 (W—-1668301). Matto Grosso: Prance, Silva, & Murga Pires 5912] [L. S. 120] (N). Par&: Ge Ae Black "P "Project ject 15h F-30" (W—2250585) ; Black, Egler, Caval- cante, & & Silva 57-1978 478 (S). PARAGUAY: Pedersen sen 1232 (W— (w— 2283729) « VITEX DEGENERIANA Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 313—31. sag: a: Résumé 111 & 75. 1959; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 12: 1965. Recent collectors describe this plant as a shrub, 0.5—2.25 m. tall, the calyx-cup green, flowering in August, growing at 350—-550 m. altitude in areas where much of the forest has been cleared for cultivation and is in various secondary stages and where the immediate vicinity has two types of xeromorphic wood- land and gallery forest along brooks. On Eiten & Eiten 5419 the flowers are described as “upper 2 lobes of the corolla white, the 2 laterals whitish-violet, the lower light-violet, the filaments white, and the anthers purple"; on their no. 5422 there were "violet lines on the corolla leading into the white throat of the corolla-tube, the filaments white below, violet above, the an- thers blackish-purple, the style white below, reddish—purple at the tip". Additional citations: BRAZIL: Maranh&o: Devereux 10 (W— 245194); Eiten & Eiten 5419 (W—2h)5206), 5422 (W—2)45220) . VITEX DENTATA Klotzsch Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 31). 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 151 & 75. 1959. 102 P Hey 07 Great. & Vol. 15, nos 2 VITEX DINKLAGEI Gtrrke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 314-315. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 139 & 75. 1959. VITEX DIVARICATA Sw. Additional synonymy: Vitex divaricata DC. ex Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 13: 7, in syn. 1966. Additional bibliography: Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 216. 1866; Mol- denke in Cheesman, Fl. Trin. & Tob. 2: 11 & 413-—-l1). 1955; Mol- denke, Verb. 30 & 32--33. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 93 & 272. 1956; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 35. 1961; Menninger, Flow. Trees World 26)—-285. 1962; Little & Wadsworth, U. S. For- est Serv. Agric. Handb. 29: 86—l87. 196); Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 13: 7. 1966; Steyermark & Agostini, Act. Bot. Venez. 2 (2): ps Uy fae by Plc or ay Additional illustrations: Little & Wadsworth, U. S. Forest Serv. Agric. Handb. 29: 487. 196). Recent collectors describe this plant as a much-branched tree, 15-5 feet tall, with a trunk diameter of 1) inches at breast height, the fruit green when immature, black when ripe, growing in mossy forests or in secondgrowth montain rainforests, at 500 to 4600 feet altitude, flowering and fruiting in July. Webster, El- lis, & Miller refer to it as "common" in Puerto Rico, but Box calls it "very rare in mesophytic forest approaching ravine for- est in character". The corollas are described as "blue" on Alain 94,39 and on Webster, Ellis, & Miller 8733 and as "violet—-blue” on Proctor 17797. The Cardona 2382, distributed as Vitex divaricata, is not verbenaceous. Little & Wadsworth (196);) give a very excellent description of this tree. They describe it as a "Small to medium-sized tree with much-fissured light brown bark, rough and shreddy and Separ~= ating in strips, further distinguished by: (1) opposite leaves mostly compound with 3 elliptic leaflets or often only 1 or some=- times 2, the end one larger than the others; (2) numerous showy pale purplish-blue flowers 3/8 inch long and 1/2 — 5/8 inch a- cross the 5 unequal corolla lobes, in lateral branching clusters; and (3) black egg-shaped fleshy fruits 1/2 inch long, with cup- like calyx at base. "A deciduous tree 20--65 feet high and to 2 1/2 feet in trunk diameter, with rounded crown. The inner bark is light brown and slightly bitter. The twigs are greenish and minutely hairy when young, becoming gray or brown. "The slender green petioles are 3/) -- 2 3/4 inches long, and the leaflet stalks 1/ inch or less in length. Leaflet blades are 2-—-6 inches long and 1 1/ —- 3 inches wide, mostly short-pointed at both ends, thin or slightly thickened, above light green, be- neath paler and hairy on the veins. "Often the ground under a tree in flower has a bluish tinge from the numerous fallen corollas. Flower clusters (cymes) 2—6 inches long at base of leaves bear several to many slightly frag- rant flowers on short slender stalks. The flower about 3/8 inch 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 103 long has a ouplike calyx less than 1/3 inch high and broad; pale blue or purplish-blue irregular finely hairy corolla with narrow tube 1/l, inch long and 5 unequal, spreading, wavy-margined lobes, 1 much larger than the others; ); stamens i, inch long in 2 pairs inserted on corolla tube and slightly protruding; and pistil 3/8 inch long with l-celled ovary and slender style 2-forked at end. "The fruit (drupe) contains a large l-celled and l-seeded stone. In maturing, fruits change color from yellow green to brownish and black. Observed in flower from February to July and in fruit fron June to November. "The grayish sapwood turns light brown upon drying. The heart- wood when freshly cut is tan to brown, generally variegated with darker shades, and afterwards becomes gray brown to deep brown, often with indistinct, narrow, lighter or darker bands. The wood is hard, heavy (specific gravity 0.62), strong, tough, and fine- textured and has irregular, interlocking grain and well-defined growth rings. Air-seasoning is too slow to be practicable com- mercially. Amount of degrade is minor. Machining characteristics are as follows: planing and resistance to screw splitting are poor; shaping, boring, and mortising are good; turning is excel- lent; and sanding is fair. The wood works easily and takes a fine polish. It is moderately resistant to dry-wood termites and is durable in contact with the ground, "The wood is used for framework of houses, fenceposts, con— struction, cabinetwork, and elsewhere for shingles. It should be suitable also for sporting goods, tool handles, boats, and floor- ing. "Planting tests show this species to grow slowly and to re- quire nearly full sunlight. The trees, which become covered with flowers, are suitable for ornamentals also. They can be propaga- ted from cuttings and grow rapidly in open areas. A honey plant. "Widely distributed in coastal limestone, and lower mountain regions of Puerto Rico. Also in St. Croix, St. Thomas, St. John, and Tortola.....Range. —- Cuba, Hispaniola (Haiti), Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands, and throughout Lesser Antilles to Grenada and Trinidad and Tobago. Also in Venezuela and Guianas." They recommend the common names "“higtlerillo" and "white fiddlewood", but say "Other common names. -—- péndula, pendula blanca (Puerto Rico); roble guayo, roble de olor, of6n criollo (Cuba); totumillo (Venezuela); fiddlewood (St. Kitts, St. Vin- cent); white fiddlewood (Montserrat); bois lézard (Dominica) ; black fiddlewood (Trinidad); timber fiddlewood (Tobago); bois lézard, bois 4 agouti (Guadeloupe, Martinique) ." Additional citations: HISPANIOLA: Dominican Republic: R. A. Howard 12207 (Mi, N, S). PUERTO RICO: Alain 9439 (N), 9967 (G, Ij, N, N, S, Sj, W); Webster, Ellis, & Miller 8733 (Mi, S). LEE- WARD ISLANDS: Antigua: Box 1006 (Mi). WINDWARD ISLANDS: Martini- que: Stehle & Stehle 6024 (W—2153652) . St. Lucia: Proctor 17797 (N). VENEZUELA: Aragua: ua: Ll. Williams 11119 (W—177887), W— 2407802). Federal District: Vivas Suul2 (V (Ve). 104 P HEY. OL O7Ged A Vol. 15, no. 2 VITEX DIVARICATA var. CUBENSIS Urb. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 35. 1961; Ji- ménez, Supl. Cat. Fl. Doming. 1: 221--222. 1966. Additional citations: CUBA: Havana: P. Wilson 1066 (W—~158))87). Las Villas: C. F. Baker 3409 (W—-158,93). Oriente: Ekman 6206 (Mi). ER VITEX DIVERSIFOLIA Kurz Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 321. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 166 & 76. 1959. VITEX DJUMAENSIS DeWild. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 321—322. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 12 & 76. 1959. VITEX DONIANA Sweet Additional synonymy: Vitex cienkovskii Kotsch. & Peyr., in herb. Additional & emended bibliography: Aschers. in G. Schweinf., Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 278. 1867; K. Schum. in Just, Bot. Jahresber. 28 (1): 497 & 498. 1902; Volkens, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 5, App. 22 (2): 335, fig. 12. 1909; J. H. Holland, Kew Bull. Addit. Ser. 9 [Useful Pl. Nigeria 3]: 525—526. 1915; Umwvin, W. Afr. Forest. 398. 1920; F. R. Irvine, Pl. Gold Coast xlii, lxvi, & 436-437. 1930; Hutchinson & Dalz., Fl. W. Trop. Afr., ed. 1, 2: 277. 1931; Dalz., Useful Pl. W. Trop. Afr. 56—57. 1937; Au- brév., Fl. Forest. Soudano-Guin. 50), pl. 113, 1 & 2. 1950; Ber- haut, Fl. Sénegal 21. 1954; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17): 72, 93—96, & 272, fig. 13, 1. 1956; Aubrév., Fl. For. Cot. Iv., ed. 2, 3: 230, pl. 335, fig. 1 & 2. 1959; F. R. Irvine, Woody Pl. Ghana 761. 1961; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 63. 1961; Jaeger & Win- koun, Bull. Inst. Frang. Afr. Noir 2 (ser. A, no. 1]: 81. 1962; Cuf., Senck. Biol. 43: 283. 1962; Cuf., Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 32: Suppl. 797. 1962; Espirito Santo, Junt. Invest. Ultramar Est. Ens. & Docum. 10h: 21, 27, 31, 33, hO, 6, 8, Sl, 6h, & 128. 1963; Huber in Hutchinson & Dalz., Fl. W. Trop. Afr., ed. 2, 2: L5—-L47, 1 Bl2c 308. 1963; H. P. Riley, Fam. Flow. Pl. Se Afr. 129. 1963; Lawton, Kirkia 3: 58, 72, & 73. 1963; F. White, Webbia 19: 680. 1965; Moldenke, Résumé Suppl. 12: 13. 1965; Nielsen, In- ie Flow. aL W. Afr. 73, 13; 80, 82, 85, & 162—16), fig. 3b. 1965. Additional illustrations: Volkens, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 5, App. 22 (2): 35, fig. 12. 1909; Aubrév., Fl. Forest. Soudano- Guin. pl. 113, 1 & 2. 1950; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 95, fig. 13, 1. 1956; Aubrév., Fl. For. Cot. Iv., ed. 2,32) pis 335, fig. 1 & 2. 1959; Huber in Hutchinson & Dalz., Fl. W. Trop. Afr., ed. 2, fig. 308. 1963; Nielsen, Introd. Flow. Pl. W. Afr. fig. 3b. 1965. Recent collectors and authors describe this plant as a small or medium-sized tree, 8--60 feet tall, with a girth of up to feet, much-branched, completely deciduous; bole straight; crown hemispheric; bark scaly, light-gray, longitudinally fissured, 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 105 peeling easily; young stems yellowish; branchlets glabrous or pubescent; leaves hard, leathery, digitate; petioles blackish, with a distinct bow or curve from the horizontal plane; leaflets 5, the two basal ones small, stalked, obovate, about 6 inches long and 3 inches wide, rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, dark- or rather light-green above, paler beneath, with 10 pairs of secondaries; flowers small, fragrant, borne in stout, brown- hairy, axillary, densely-flowered cymes, 1 or 2 opening at a time, white or yellowish with blue-purple centers; fruits subglobose, 3/4 inch long, large, black, edible, glabrous. The fruits are galled on *carrisso & Mendonca 157. The corol- las are described as "blue" on Barbosa 21 2155, Nyiolet" on Gomes e Sousa 1395 and Torre 3688 & 5196, "pur "purple® | on Faulkner 1163, mauve" on Tanner er 1758, " "dull er creamy-white and | purple - lips" on Faulkner oul, "w "white, lower lip violet" on Mendonca 230k, white, spotted with lilac" on Barbosa 1763, "brown-hairy ou outside, upper lobes white inside, lower lip | lip blue, yellow in throat" on Harkey 9467, "lower lip miolee with ce tie spot" on Mendonca 1343, and "lfvida, com os l4bios internamente r6seos" on Mendonca 65). The species has been found growing in wet or gallery forests, coastal bush, wet ground or wet sandy soil, open forests of Brachystegia spp. and Julbernardia globiflora, deciduous forests of Brachystegia and Isoberlinia, almost in the water onriver- banks, and on shrubby savannas with Hyphaene sp., Kigelia pinna- ta, Combretum spp., and Sclerocarya caffra, at altitudes of from sealevel to 3000 feet, flowering from January to April and August to October, and fruiting from February to April and June to Au- gust. Harley refers to it as "frequent in forest along margin of rocky river" in Tanganyika. Huber (1963) says "Widespread in tropical Africa extending to the Comoro Islands" and dates the o- riginal publication by Sweet as "1827". The larger leaflets on Sim&o 251 are repand-crenate toward the apex. F. A. Mendonca 3890 - is said to match well Buchanan 19), & 340, Dandy 661, Dtmmer 2779, Schlieben 656, and Swynnerton | 1056, “1058, & 2 & 2037 | a the herbarium of the British Museum. Additional vernacular names recorded for this species are "abis(wa)", "afua", "bessApale", "black f6", "bémé", "“burzun dinya", Neetonat, Neutubulé", Neutfbulé", Ndyolo", "Sbissaa", "edint, nfayit= o" [black Vv. grandifolia tree], "Pg yitso*, "fg yiti", "fo yiti", "fD tim, “uf oti", "gua", Nefa", *hubvo®, "kw'allon 'dinya", ‘mansopane", nt cubvo®, 'mecuvo", tm! fuvom, "molha", "monsopane", tm pind{mbi", "nm! purro”, "mucubvo", "mucurro", "mucuvo", "muhuro", Mnfini", munsopane, nunuro®, ailu", n'bumbo", "phanhahuro", Mmyalbihi", "Sri of the open country", "punyutZo", "saman bir", asB", "sot", "sodts o", "s8t=o", "tshikamba-tshitama", tshilongulongu ish& mushi tu", "ubumbo", "um-dugulgun", muslin, and "€ ji", The names mime and "eetona" are, however, also’ applied to V. madiensis Oliv. Dalziel (1937) gives an excellent summary of the uses made of 106 P Hay 2 On 07 Got A Vol. 15, no. 2 this plant: "Often planted or retained in villages for the fruit and for the young leafy shoots, which can be used as a pot-herb. The ripe fruits resemble black plums. A Fulani proverb says 'the galbije of the blind man do not ripen'. They are sweet and ed- ible; a kind of black molasses (Hausa ma'di) is made from them, generally mixed with that of other fruits (Detarium, Diospyros, etc.) by extracting the pounded pulp in a basket by repeated pouring of water and then concentrating by boiling, or candied to form alewa (see Cordia abyssinica). In Sierra Leone they are re- garded as a good remedy for conditions due to A and B avitamino- sis, associated with sores at the mouth and eyes, and sometimes paralytic symptoms in advanced cases. A beverage can be made from them (as from those of Ve grandifolia). In E. Sudan the fruits are roasted and said to be a substitute for tea (Broun & Massey). "Ink is made by boiling the black fruit and young leaves, dried in the sun or over a fire, to make a thick extract with gum which has been boiled separately; some make it from the bark. In N. Nigeria the bark is used mixed with the fragrant resin of Bos— wellia in one method of making ink. The bark is said to yield a dye used for cloth in Western Ashanti (Irvine). "The young fresh leaves, mixed with groundnuts, salt, pepper, etc., form a food sold under the name of dinkin 'dinya (see also under Celtis integrifolia). The fruit, and in some cases the bark and leaves, are given for diarrhoea and dysentery. In French Guinea an infusion of the leaves is given for colds, and a decoction of the pounded roots for stomach troubles (Pobéguin, Pl. Méd. Guin. 65). InN. Nigeria Loranthus growing on this tree is a remedy for leprosy (see also under Sapium Grahamii). "The flowers and ripe fruits attract bees, and the hives are commonly put in the branches. In Gold Coast, N. Terr., it is be- ing planted as a fodder tree. "The wood is whitish to light brown, turning darker, of medium weight, easily worked, not polishing. It has some resemblance to teak, and is suitable for furniture, etc. It is used locally for boat timbers, ribs, etc., small canoes, house-building, drums, etc .!! Irvine (1961) reports that in Ghana a sweetmeat is made fron these and other fruits and that the "Bark and roots used to pre- pare a cloth dye (for Adink(a)ra cloths) are cut up" and "boiled with iron slag as mordant". He tells us that the wood is used for firewood and that the tree is found “in grass savannas, de- ciduous and secondary forests, thrives on very dry and gravelly soil", the very sweet edible fruit being sold in native markets (elephants are very fond of them); the bark used for stomach com- plaints. Nielsen (1965) says that this is the commonest species of the genus in western Africa, common on savannas and in open places, especially farmlands near villages, the young leafy shoots being used as a potherb. "This species and oil palm found on farmlands and savanna regrowth; planted and preserved trees are a 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 107 conspicuous feature; in open woodland savannas; in undisturbed areas of transition belt between woodland savanna and fringing forest strip; in riparian woodlands; planted for their fruits or preserved in brush clearing." Riley (1963) reports that it is used in the treatment of anemia and gonorrhea. The Barbosa 1938 & 2092, distributed as the typical form of this species, are actually var. parvifolia (Engl.) Moldenke. Irvine (1961) cites the following specimens from Ghana: Beve- ridge 2928; Brown 2321; Chipp 63, 727, & 7h; Irvine 151, 19h, 1810, & & 1961; Kit Kitson on 690, 692, 888, & & 96; Moore 230; " Saunders 3; and Vigne 1810 & 35h). Huber (1963) cites the f following: @: DAHOMEY: Poisson ssn. MALI: Chevalier 164 bis, 2766, & 2769; Davey 500/ 102; Jaeger 17. SENEGAL: Chevalier 2757 & | & 27583 He Heudelot 379. PORTUGUESE GUINEA: Espirito Santo 1735. GUINEA: Caille Sone [Chevalier 14799], Chevalier 12866; Pobéguin 682; Scott Elliot 5211. SIERRA LEONE: Deighton 28h. & 3052; TaneuPoole 1; Misze Miszew- ski_ 33; Thomas 282). IVORY COAST: aubréville 428 bis, 806, & 12hk. GHANA: Ankrah GC.20347; Chipp 63, 727, & “& Th; Irvine 19; Saunders 3- TOGOLAND: Warnecke 156. NIGERIA: Northern: Barter 1108 ; Jones FHI .675; Lafia FHI.7758; Lely P.134; Yates 59. South- ern: Brenan 8956; Chesters 190; Hep Hepper r 2225; Millen 118; . A. Fe Ross R.71. CAMEROONS: Daramola FHI 0 O85; Hepper 1921; Latilo & Daramola FHI .28927 & FHI. T 630485; McClintock 175. Additional citations: TANGANYIKA: H. G. Faulkner 1163 (B), 1202 (B); R. M. Harley 91,67 (S); Tanner 1758 8 (B). ZANZIBAR: H. G. F Faulkner r 2u1 (S). (S). ANGOLA: Lunda: B Barros Machado s.n. (Ang. Veg. 173) (Ul);_ Carrisso & Mendonca 157 (U1) (UL); Fontinha a 14265 (Ul). PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA: AFRICA: Cabo Delgad Delgado: Andrada 1352 (U1 (U1); Bar Barbosa 255 (UL), 2277 (U1); M. F. Correira 229 (U1); F. A. Mendonca _ 1033 (U1); Torre & Paiva 9713 (U1). Manica e Sofala: Andrada 1204 (U1); Barbosa 845 (U1), 955 (UL), 1578 (U1); Garcia ia Lé ( (Ul), 60 (U1), 129a (U1), 432 (U1); B. Goldsmith 128/62 (Ul); F. A. Mendonca 3890 (U1), 39h (U1); S SimSo 251 (U1), 563 (U1); T Torre 3030 (Ul), » 4039 (U1); To Torre & Paiva aiva 9106 (U1). Mozambique: Ba Bar- bosa 1763 (U1); Gomes e e@ Sousa 819 cule 4 4395 (Ul). Niassa: Gomes @ Sousa sa 079 (U1), la 1223 CHET. 1,136 (U1); F.. F. A. Mendonca 654 (ul, Th), 783 (U1 (Ul). Tete: Andrada 17h2 (U1); F. A. A. Mendonca 501 (U1); Torre . 3688 (U1), 4569 (Ul). Zambezia: F. A. . Mendonca 1343 (Ul), 230 (U1, U1); Torre 3470 (U1), 3662 (U1), 4439 (U1), 4808 (U1), 1923 (U1), 5196 (U1). VITEX DONIANA var. PARVIFOLIA (Engl.) Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 36. 1961. Recent collectors describe this plant as a tree, 10 m. tall, growing on termitaria, at altitudes of 65 to 1330 me, flowering in August and September, and called "lémué", ‘'purro", "muhuro", 108 P He TOL O1Get # Vol. 15, xosue and "nhanhahuro*®*,. Additional citations: UGANDA: Dtmmer 2779 (W—1172991); Mearns 256 (W—-632527). PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA: Cabo Delgado: Barbosa 1938 (U1), 2092 (UL). Tete: Andrada 1767 (U1). Zambezia: Andra- da 19lya (U1). Province undetermined: Andrada 132) (Ul). VITEX DRYADUM S. Moore Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 327. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 151 & 76. 1959. VITEX DUBOISII Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia ): 60--61 (1952) and 5: 327—328. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 12 & 476. 1959. VITEX DUCKEI Huber Additional & emended bibliography: Le Cointe, Amaz. Bras. III Arv. & Plant. Uteis, ed. 1, 29 (1934) and ed. 2, 455—56. 19h,7; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 36. 1961. Le Cointe (1947) states that this tree is found on terrafirme ‘nas campinas de areia con humus" and records the vernacular name “tarum& do campo". A specimen of Ducke 106 deposited in the herbarium of the Botanisches Museum at Berlin was photographed there by Macbride as his type photograph number 17560 (although it is not one of the cotypes on which the name is based), but is now destroyed. Additional citations: BRAZIL: Amazonas: Ducke 106 [Macbride photos 17560] (W——1693111, W--photo). VITEX DUCLOUXII Dop Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 330. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 171 & 76. 1959. VITEX EBERHARDTII Dop Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 330--331l. 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 177 & 476. 1959. VITEX ELAKELAKENSIS Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: )3)—35 (1951) and 5: 331--332. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 76, 12)-— ee & 272, fig. 19, 1--3. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 76. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 125, fig. 19, 1—3. 1956. VITEX EPIDICTYODES Mildbr. Synonymy: Vitex epidictyoides Mildbr. ex Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 36, sphalm. 1961. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 36. 1961. VITEX FARAFANGANENSIS Moldenke Bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 3: )35—l36 (1951) and 5: 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 109 334. 1955; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 174: 74, 105—107, & 272, fig. 15, 5—7. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 157 & 76. 1959. Illustrations: Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17h: 105, fig. 15, 5—-7. 1956. VITEX FERRUGINEA Schum. & Thonn. Additional & emended synonymy: Vitex ferruginea Schum, in Just, Bot. Jahresber. 28 (1): 497. 1902. Vitex fosteri C. H. Wright, Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1908: 37. 1908. Additional & emended bibliography: K. Schum. in Just, Bot. Jahresber. 28 (1): 497. 1902; C. H. Wright, Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1908: 437. 1908; J. H. Holland, Kew Bull. Addit. Ser. 9 [Useful Pl. Nigeria 3]: 526. 1915; Unwin, W. Afr. Forest. 399. 1920; Pie- per in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 141 ["142"]: 50, 68, 70, & 81, pl. 10. 1928; F. R. Irvine, Pl. Gold Coast 437. 1930; Hutch- inson & Dalz., Fl. W. Trop. Afr., ed. 1, 2: 276. 1931; Dalz., Useful Pl. W. Trop. Afr. 457. 1937; Worsdell, Ind. Lond. Suppl. 2: 500. 19)1; H. N. & A. L. Moldenke, Fl.Life 2: 60. 1948; Mol- denke, Known Geogr. Distrib. Verbenac., [ed. 2], 111—113, 19, & 201. 199; Moldenke in Humbert, Fl. Madag. 17: 104 & 272. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 136, 137, 142, 147, 383, & 476. 1959; Aubrév., Fl. For. Cot. Iv., ed. 2, 3: 233, pl. 337a. 1959; Moldenke, Phy- tologia 8: 63. 1961; Huber in Hutchinson & Dalz., Fl. W. Trop. why ed. 2, 2: h6 & 7. 1963; Moldenke, Phytologia 15: 99. 1967. Illustrations: Pieper in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 62, Beibl. 11 ("1h2"]: pl. 10. 1928; Aubrév., Fl. For. Cot. Iv., ed. 2, 3: pl. 337a. 1959. Schumann (1902) regards V. congolensis DeWild. & Th. Dur. as a synonym of V. ferruginea; certainly they are very closely rela- ted. Vitex fosteri was maintained as a valid species by me in my previous publications, but is reduced to synonymy here on the authority of Huber (1963). Irvine (1930) describes the bark of V. ferruginea as thin and stringy and the fruit "like a small plum", and records the vernac- ular name "SwentaQrowa" [meaning "antelope's garden egg"]. Huber (1963) describes the plant as a "Tree 15—50 feet high with ochre indumentum on inflorescences and young parts; flowers pink to purple, sometimes almost cauliflorous; in closed forest....Also in Congo", He cites the following specimens: PORTUGUESE GUINEA: Es- pirito Santo 1948 & 2059. GUINEA: Baldwin 9678. SIERRA LEONE: Deighton 3077, 3128, 3520, 3534, & 6085. LIBERIA: Baldwin 930. IVORY COAST: Aubréville 154, 21, & 938. GHANA: Hall 1509; Thomp- son 37; Vigne FH.1761, FH.1876, & FH.1893. NIGERIA: Southern: Ainslie 129 & 139; Dalziel 126; Foster 34; Unwin 9; C. H, Wright R.135. The species has been collected in anthesis from March to May and in August, and in fruit in June, July, September, and October. Dalziel (19373 says "The wood is white, soft, used for house=posts, 110 PHY. TLOrG. Or Grr. £ Vol. .155. nolsse etc.; durable for interior work, and also for verandah posts, door and window-frames, etc.® Additional citations: GUINEA: Thonning 265 (Cp, N—photo, Z-- photo). UGANDA: Dttmmer 757 (W--631598) . VITEX FISCHERI Gtirke Additional bibliography: Shantz & Turner, Photog. Decum. Veg. Changes 156 & 158, fig. 6a & 51b. 1958; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 37. 1961; Lawton, Kirkia 3: 7h. 1963. Illustrations: Shantz & Turner, Photog. Docum. Veg. Changes fig. 46a & 51b. 1958. Lucas describes this plant as a tree, about 0 feet tall, the "flowers pale-lilac all over except for the lower lip which is darker and almost purple", growing at forest edges, at 5300 feet altitude, flowering in June. Shantz & Turner (1958) cite their no. 4235 from "Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi", although the labels accompanying this collection indicate that it was gathered in Tanganyika! They also record the species from Uganda, but I have seen no material as yet from either the Congo or Uganda. Additional citations: KENYA: G. L. Lucas 131 (S, Z). VITEX FLAVA Ridl. Additional & emended bibliography: H. N. Ridl., Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1929: 261--262. 1929; Anon., Kew Bull. Gen. Index 1929-1956, 293. 1959; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 37. 1961. VITEX FLAVENS H.3B.K. Additional & emended bibliography: Bocq., Adansonia 3: [Rev. Verbenac.] 253. 1863; Le Cointe, Amaz. Bras. III Arv. & Plant. Uteis, ed. 1, 429 (193k) and ed. 2, 456. 1947; Moldenke, Phytolo~ gia os 336 (1958) and 5: 359——361. "1956; Moldenke, Biol. Abstr. 30: 3551. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 9, 69, 81, 85, ide 383, 388, & 476. 1959. Recent collectors describe this plant as a small tree, 5m. tall, with a trunk diameter of 15 cm. at breast height, the bark gray, with many deep longitudinal furrows, the wood "resistente, para segeria, moirdes, esteios, dormentes -- Cor parda escura", with a density of 0.65, called "mameira" or "tarum4 tuira", in- habiting dry upland scrub forests, as well as campos or terra firma, at 100 feet altitude. Le Cointe (1947) records it from Marajé Island. The type, Humboldt & Bonpland s.n., deposited in the herbarium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle at Paris, was photo- graphed there by Macbride as his type photograph number 399. Material has been misidentified and distributed in herbaria as Tabebuia sp. On the other hand, the Ducke 2188, distributed as V. flavens, is actually V. panera Moldenke. Rade tonal citations: COLOMBIA: Huila: E. L. Little 9137 (W— 21,0885). PERU: Province undetermined: Humboldt & Bon Bonpland Sone [Herb. Willdenow 11710; Macbride photos 39]9h) (W--photo of type). 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 1 VITEX FLORIBUNDA Legris Bibliography: Legris, Trav. Sect. Scient. Inst. Fran¢. Pond. 6: 520 & 586. 1963. I know nothing of this taxon other than that it is referred to in the reference given above. VITEX FLORIDULA Duchass. & Walp. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 37. 1961. The corollas are described as "light-violet" on P. H. Allen 259 . ~~Additional citations: PANAMA: Panamé: P. H. Allen 259 (Du-- 358187). ment VITEX FROESII Moldenke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 363. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 111 & 76. 1959. VITEX GABUNENSIS Gurke Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 363--36). 1955; Moldenke, Résumé 140 & 76. 1959. VITEX GAMOSEPALA Griff. Additional & emended bibliography: Fletcher, Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1938: 432 & 436—37. 1938; Anon., Kew Bull. Gen. Index 1929-1956, 293. 1959; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 63. 1961. The H. H. Bartlett 6919, Boeea T1555" T18hy: Talis.) 1552 fh TO2k; Tl, & . 8126, and Yates s 2036, distributed as typical V.. V. gamosep- ala, are iaetuial 1y? all var. kunstleri King & Gamble. VITEX GAMOSEPALA var. KUNSTLERI King & Gamble Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 38. 1961. Boeea refers to this plant as a tree, growing in old jungles, at 2500 feet altitude, known locally as "kajoe giak batoe", "kajoe hace aek", or "kajoe homos". The corolla is said to have been yellow on H. H. Bartlett 6919; a wood sample accompanies this collection as well as Boeea 7532. Material has been mis- identified and distributed in herbaria as typical V. gamosepala Griff. and as V. vestita Wall. Additional citations: INDONESIA: GREATER SUNDA ISLANDS: Su- matra: H. H. Bartlett 6919 (Mi); Boeea 7155 (Mi), 7184 (Mi, Mi, Mi), 7245 (Mi), 7532 (Mi, Mi), 7821 (M (Mi), 7 7971 (Mi), 8 8126 (Mi, Mi), 8501 (Mi, WA); Yates 2036 (Mi). VITEX GAMOSEPALA var. SCORTECHINII King & Gamble Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Résumé 181, 188, & 76. 1959; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 63. 1961. VITEX GARDNERIANA Schau. Additional bibliography: Sampaio, Bol. Mus. Nac. Rio Jan. 13: 23. 1937; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 38. 1961. A cotype, G. Gardner 1107, deposited in the herbarium of the 112 Ve 36 Weert One ag sr Vol. 15, no. 2 Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques at Geneva, was photographed there by Macbride as his type photograph number 281,00. Additional citations: BRAZIL: Cear4: Cutler 8263 (W--1989699) . ee a G. Gardner 1107 [Macbride photos 28,00] (W--photo of cotype VITEX GAUMERI Greenm. Additional & emended bibliography: P. C. Standl., Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 1235 & 1236. 192k; C. L. Lundell, Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 8: 61. 1942; Moldenke, Phytologia 8: 63. 1961; Mennin- ger, Flow. Trees World 18-19 & 26). 1962; Shelford, Ecol. N. Am. 09 & 607. 1963: G&mez Pompa, Bol. Soc. Bot. Mex. 29: 94. 1965. Additional synonymy: Vitex guameri Greermm., in herb. Recent collectors describe this plant as a tree or large tree, 50 feet tall, the trunk thick, 0 inches in diameter, often with. cavities at the base, the bark brown and ridged, growing in moist ground near the edge of forests, known as "crucillo", "Mexican vitex", or "y4amik". Hunt refers to it as "common in hardwood forests on limestone". The corollas are described as "blue" on Gentle 4646, "deep-blue" on D. R. Hunt 74, and "purple" on Chute M.110. Material has been misidentified and distributed in her- baria as V. pyramidata B. L. Robinson. Additional citations: MEXICO: Campeche: Marroqufn 18 (Ip, Ws). Chiapas: Gémez Pompa 318 (W--2),8148). Guerrero: Chute fe Me110 (Mi). Yucat&n: Collector undetermined 4 [wood no. 11080] (Ws); G. F. Gaumer 607 (Herb. Field Mus. 15599] (Ws--isotype); Lundell & Lun- dell 7 7321 (Du--362989, Rf). GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: zi Je A ie Steyermark 5782 (Rf). El Petén: Contreras 855 (Ld, Ss), 2336 (Ld, S), 2526 (Ld, S); C - L. Lundell 15887 (Ld), 15983 (Ld, S Ss), 16079 (Ld, Mi), 17112 (ia). BRITISH HONDURAS: Gentle ntle L646 (Mi, Rf, Rf), 9083 (Ld); D. R. Hunt 47h (W—2398888). VITEX GEMINATA H. H. W. Pearson Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 373. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 15), & li76. 1959. VITEX GIGANTEA H.B.K. Synonymy: Vitex gigantea Humb. & Kunth ex Benth., Bot. Voy. Sulphur 15). 18))6. Additional bibliography: Benth., Bot. Voy. Sulphur 15-155. 186; Bocq., Adansonia 3: [Rev. Verbenac.] 253. 1863; Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 373. 1956; Moldenke, Résumé 81, 85, 226, & 76. 1959: Soukup, Biota 5: 137. 196h. Additional citations: ECUADOR: El Oro: E. L. Little 6634 [U. S. Dept. Agr. Forest Serv. 95915] (W--1876237). Guayas: Dodson & Thien 1290 (Z). Los Rfos: Myer & Little 650) [U. S. Dept. Agr. Forest Serv. 9591)] (W--1876221) . VITEX GIORGII DeWild. Additional bibliography: Moldenke, Phytologia 5: 355 & 375—— 1967 Moldenke, Notes on Vitex 113 376. 1956. VITEX GLABRATA R. Br. Additional synonymy: Pitex heterophylla Roxb. ex Moldenke, Ré- sumé Suppl. 3: 3h, in syn. 1962. BOOK REVIEW Alma L. Moldenke "The Galfpagos" - Proceedings of the Symposia of the Gal4pagos International Scientific Project of 196), - edited by Robert I. Bowman, xvii & 318 pp., illus., University of California Press of Berkeley & of Los Angeles, California, and Cambridge University Press of London, England. 1966. $10.00 With the expressed unifying theme of evolution, with the orig- inal intention of collecting and collating background information for the fortunate participants in this undertaking, and now with the presenting of this scientific knowledge of these fascinating islands to many biologically, geologically and generally interes- ted readers, the editor and the authors have produced forty valu- able, well documented papers, a fine introduction and a useful ]- column index (even though it missed Cornutia which appears twice on p. 188 albeit as misidentifications and with the binomials incorrectly accredited). Everything about this book is outstanding from the fine qual- ity of the paper, print and color photography, the reasonable price, to the excellence of the authors in their specializations and writings. It opens impressively with Sir Julian Huxley's "Charles Darwin: Gal4pagos and After". Papers of predominantly botanical interest deal with variation and adaptation by Stebbins origins and relationships of the flora by Wiggins botany of Cocos Island by Fournier plant lists from Cocos Island by Fosberg and Klawe lichenology and bryology with check lists by Weber origin and dispersal of native cottons by Stevens and Rick cacti and their relations with tortoises by Dawson plant-animal relations by Rick pollinating insects by Linsley oceanic volcanic island ecosystems by Fosberg conservation by Acosta-Solis Besides imparting valuable information, reading this book creates the same effect as does a most alluring travel folder. SUPPLEMENTARY STUDIES IN AESCHYNOMENE, II: SERIES PLEURONERVIAE Velva E. Rudd Among the specimens collected in Brazil by H. S. Irwin et al. during 1965-1966 is material of an interesting leguminous plant, apparently a new species of Aeschynomene. I am referring it to my series Pleuronerviae (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 32: 1-172. 1955) although, in this case, the acicular leaflets are reduced to little more than the costa. Another specimen is a good match for Glaziou 20921, which was cited as "Ae. nana Glaz. n. sp. ?", but without adequate descrip- tion. I now believe Ae. nana to be a good species rather than a synonym of Ae. ucifolia, as I treated it in 1955. Following is the necessary documentation to validate the names of those two taxa and a revised description of Ae. paucifolia re- flecting the separation of Ae. nana from it. I have also constructed a tentative key to the Brazilian species of series Pleuronerviae as I currently understand then. Unfortunately, I am as yet unsure of the exact delimitation of some of them, particularly, Ae. brevipes, Ae. leptostachya, Ae. marginata with its two varieties, and Ae. racemosa. At the time of writing my first paper on Aeschynomene, cited above, I did not have access, except in a few cases, to specimens from European herbaria, including critical types. I hope to see such material in the near future and to prepare a treatment of Aeschynomene and related genera for the Flora Neotropica. 114 1967 Rudd, Studies in Aeschynomene 115 Key to species of Aeschynomene (series Pleuronerviae) in Brazil Leaflets acicular, about 12-25 mm. long and O.5 mm. wide; stipe aCOMUEG fC, We LONE. «se ee + ek 8s 6 es As STS Leaflets semi-cordate to oblong, subfalcate or falcate, 2-20 m. long and 0.5-7 mm. wide, the length about 2 times the width; stipe of fruit 1-5 mm. long. Costa of leaflets marginal, the leaflets semi-cordate. Stems slender, weak, to about 35 cm. high; flowers 10-13 m. long; articles of fruit about Bs mm. long and 3 mm. wide, appressed-pubescent .... eA ete ys us oe eos, 6 (Re. Nae Stems erect, to about 2 m. high; flowers 6-10 mm. long; arti- cles of fruit about 6.5-7 mm. long and 6 mm. wide; min- utely patent-pubescent ........ Ae. paucifolia Costa of leaflets excentric but not marginal. Leaflets falcate-ovate, about 10-20 mm. long and 5-7 mm. Valle 5 Gs WA At Se oec » - « - » Ae. oroboides Leaflets oblong, 2-14 mm. long and 1-4 mm. wide. Length of leaflets about 6-15 mm., the width 1.5-3 mm. Fruit with articles crisp-pubescent; leaflets 3-4 m. wide, spreading-pubescent ..... . Ae. racemosa Fruit with articles appressed-pubescent; leaflets 1.5-3 mm. wide, appressed-pubescent to glabrous. Flowers 6-7 mm. long, the calyx about 3 mm. long . Ae. marginata var. marginata Flowers 8-12 mm. long, = calyx 4-5 mm. long... - marginata var. grandiflora Length of leaflets 2-5 m., the width 1-2 mm. Fruit with stipe 4-5 m. sae the ites 2.5-3.5 mm. inia@tameter < <«. « reer he” - paniculata Fruit with stipe 2 mm. long or less. Leaves about 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 15- cay SE eds . leptostachya Leaves to about 7 cm. long, 40-80- sagacn aa . brevipes 116 POHDYe.TOGExO.. Geek Vol, 15, n0aue 1967 Rudd, Studies in Aeschynomene 13:7 AESCHYNOMENE IRWINII Rudd, sp. nov. Ae. paucifolia Vog. affinis sed caulibus brevioribus, foliol- ibus paucioribus, aciformibus, leguminibus cum stipite longiore et articulis majoribus differt. Suffrutescent perennial with numerous slender shoots arising from a deep, woody root; stems slender, erect, to about 25 cm. high, striate, sparsely appressed-pubescent; stipules linear- lanceolate, 2-3 mm. long and 1 mm. broad at the base, or less; leaves with axis 1-2 cm. long, subglabrous, 5-10-foliolate, the petiole 3-6 mm. long; leaflets subglabrous, acicular, about 12-25 mm. long and O.5 mm. wide, canaliculate on the adaxial side; inflorescences few-flowered, terminal; bracts and bract- eoles ovate to deltoid, acute, striate, sometimes ciliate, other- wise essentially glabrous, 1-2 mm. long and 1 mm. wide at the base; flowers 10-12 mm. long; calyx subglabrous, 5-6 mm. long, the teeth attenuate, 2-3 mm. long; petals not seen; fruit moder- ately pubescent with minute, crispate or spreading hairs, l-arti- culate due to abortion of all but one ovule, the stipe about 8 mm. long, the fertile article compressed, 10-11 mm. long and 7-8 mm. wide; seeds not seen. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 2486841, collected on campo slopes, Chapada dos Veadeiros ca. 13 km. N.W. of Veadei- ros, Goids, Brazil, elevation 1200 m., 20 October 1965, by H. S. Irwin, R. Souza, and R. Reis dos Santos (No. 9367). Isotypes at NY, etc. The needle-like leaflets of this species, known only from the type collection, are unique in Aeschynomene although similar ones are found in species of other leguminous genera. In general char- acters it appears to be most closely related to those species of section Pleuronerviae that have leaflets with a marginal costa. In cross-section the leaflets of Ae. irwinii have been found to be slightly asymmetrical, further suggesting such a relationship. I am indebted to Dr. Edward S. Ayensu for sectioning a leaflet and providing the illustration (fig. 1, c). Fig. 1 - Aeschynomene irwinii: a, portion of stem and leaf with leaflets expanded; b, portion of inflorescence with fruit; c, diagram of leaflet X-section with tissues indicated: white, parenchyma; black, sclerenchyma; stippled, phloem; lined, xylem. 118 PeH et 20 2ENO GTA Vol. 15, no. 2 AESCHYNOMENE NANA Glaziou ex Rudd, sp. nov. Aeschynomene nana Glaziou, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53. Mem. 3b: 132. 1906, nom. nud. Ae. paucifolia Vog. affinis sed caulibus gracilibus, breviori- bus, foliis foliolisque minoribus, floribus plerumque longiori- bus, leguminibus adpressipubescentibus differt. Suffrutescent perennial with numerous slender shoots arising from a deep, woody root; stems slender, weak, to about 35 cm. high, striate, moderately appressed-pubescent with ascending hairs; stipules lanceolate, attenuate, essentially glabrous, 2-5 mm. long and O.5-1 mm. broad at the base; leaves with axis moder- ately appressed-pubescent, 1-2.5 cm. long, about 10-20-foliolate, the petiole 1-2 mm. long; leaflets sparsely appressed-pubescent, glabrescent, semicordate, acute, 3-4 mm. long and about 1 m. broad at the base, the costa marginal; inflorescences few-flow- ered, pseudo-terminal; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, striate, 3-4.5 mm. long and about 1 mm. wide at the base, sometimes gland- ular-ciliate, otherwise subglabrous; flowers 10-13 mm. long; calyx sparsely appressed-pubescent, 5-6 mm. long, the teeth at- tenuate, about 3 mm. long, sometimes glandular-ciliate; petals light orange, drying to chocolate brown, the standard 10-13 mm. long and about 5 mm. wide, pubescent on the outer face, the wings and keel petals slightly shorter and narrower; fruit appressed- pubescent, 1-5-articulate, the stipe about 1-2 mm. long but some- times apparently 4-5 mm. long due to abortion of basal articles, the normal articles semi-orbicular, compressed, about 5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, the margin sometimes separating from the body of the article; seeds not seen. Type: Glaziou 20921, "ntre As Brancas et le Rio Roncador”, Goiés, Brazil (P). Isotypes at F,G,K,MG,NY; F.M.Neg. 27930 ex G. Additional collections: BRAZIL: Goias: "Burned-over campo, ca. { km. W.of Veadeiros, Irwin, Grear, Souza, & Reis dos Santos 12886 (NY,US). Glaziou's original description of Ae. nana was merely "Plante naine, fl. jaunes. Décembre-Janvier. R."; hence the designation as nomen nudum. The flowers on the recent collection are abnormal in that they show a tendency toward "doubling", a standard and some petaloid stamens being present in addition to the usual complement of petals. 1967 Rudd, Studies in Aeschynomene n9 AESCHYNOMENE PAUCIFOLIA Vog. Linnaea 12: 94. 1838. Suffrutescent perennial with numerous shoots arising from a deep, woody root; stems erect, to about 2 m. high, striate, mod- erately patent-pubescent to velutinous or the pubescence subap- pressed; stipules lanceolate, attenuate, striate, sparsely pubes- cent, 3-8 mm. long and 0.5-2 mm. broad at the base; leaves with axis pubescent like the stem, 2.5-10 cm. long, about 22-60-folio- late, the petiole 1-3 mm. long; leaflets subglabrous or pubescent with patent or subappressed hairs, semicordate, acute, 2-10 mm. long and 1-3 mm. broad at the base, the costa marginal; inflores- cences few-flowered, axillary and pseudoterminal, sometimes with a few glandular hairs; bracts and bracteoles ovate, acute, sub- glabrous, striate, 2-3 mm. long and 1-1.5 mm. wide; flowers 8-12 mm. long; calyx moderately pubescent, 3-5 mm. long, the teeth deltoid, attenuate, 1-3 mm. long; petals yellow to orange, sometimes with brownish markings, drying to an overall chocolate brown color, the standard 6-12 mm. long, 4-9 m. wide, pubescent on the outer face, the wings and keel petals shorter and narrow- er; fruit minutely patent-pubescent, 1-5-articulate, the stipe about 1 mm. long but sometimes apparently longer due to abortion of basal articles, the normal articles semi-orbicular, compress- ed, about 5 mm. long and 4 mm. wide; mature seeds not seen. Type: "Sellow leg. ad S. Antonio do Monte", Minas Gerais, Brazil (B, presumably destroyed; F.M.Neg. 2152 of type ? ex B). Additional collections: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais: Between Santa Anna do Rio das Velhas and Rio Paranhyba, north of Uberaba, Riedel 4268 (US). Between Santa Anna dos Alegres and Rio San Francisco, Riedel 2926 (C,E,GH). Lagda Santa, Riedel 722 (US); Hoehne (Comm. Rondon) 6615 (R); Warming 3017 (C,F,US), 3018 (Cc). Between Lanhéso and Tejiico, Burchell 5741 (GH). Between Te juco and Veraba-Legitima, Burchell 5773 (K). Santa Luzia, Mello Baretto 6052 (F). Brejo das Almas, Markgraf 3280 (rR). Jabotica- tubas, Mello Barretto 10355 (R); L.B.Smith 6934 (US). Tres Marias, Heringer 9492 in part (US). Varzea da Palma, Duarte 7479 (US). Goif&s: Between Pé-da-Rocha and Rio Corumbé, Burchell 6061-2 (GH). Serra Dourada, 20 km. E. of Formoso, Dawson 14822 (US). Between Caiponia and Jatai, Irwin & Soderstrom 7001 (NY,US). Dis- trito Federal: Near Brasilia, Irwin & Soderstrom 5085 (NY,US), 5750 (NY,US), 6248 (NY,US); Irwin, Souza, & Reis dos Santos 8210 (NY,US), 9629 (NY,US). Planaltina, Irwin et al. 8808 (NY,US). Sobradinho, Irwin et al. 10123 (NY,US). Corrego Jeriva, Irwin et al. 15373 (NY,US). Matto Grosso: Xavantina, Irwin & Soderstrom 6791 (NY,US). A NEW VARIETY OF BAUHINIA COULTERI MACBRIDE FROM MEXICO RP. WUNDERL IN* During the course of a study of the genus Bauhinia Sect- ion Bauhinia a variety of Bauhinia coulteri new to science was discovered. This variety is here described. BAUHINIA COULTERI Macbride var. ARBORESCENS Wunderlin, vare nov. Pusilla arbor 5=6 m alta; rami juniores et inflor- escentiae dense tomentosae; folia crispibus marcinibus, infra dense tomentosae. Type: McVaugh 10351, ca. 80 km NE of Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico (M0-holotype, TEX-isotype). This variety is presently known only from the type coll- ectionse This variety differs from Bauhinia coulteri var. coult- eri in its arborescent habit, leaves tomentose below and with crisped margins, and the inflorescences and young branches densely tomentose. * Department of Botany, Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale ~~ PHYTOLOGIA © Designed to expedite botanical publiggtiqon yo 2% SoG S | LIBRAR © Vol. 15 August, 1967 3 ARG? 3S CONTENTS BOIVIN, B., Flora of the Prairie Provinces (part). . ....... 121 DEGENER, O. & I., Scaevola gaudichaudiana & S. mollis . . . . . 160 BENNETT, R. W., Addenda on Penstemon. .......... . 162 SeMmilH, L. B., Notes on Bromeliaceae, XXVI ........ « « 163 “KOYAMA, T., Iconographia CyperacearumI ........... 201 -MOLDENKE, H.N., Additional notes on the genus Vitex. IV... . 222 Published by Harold N. Moldenke and Alma L. Moldenke 303 Parkside Road, Plainfield, New Jersey 07060 U.S.A. ~ Price of this number, $2; per volume, $6.75, in advance, or $7 at close of volume e ». PROVANCHERIA 2 Mémoires de l'Herbier Louis—Marie Faculté d'Agriculture, Université Laval FLORA OF THE PRAIRIE PROVINCES A HANDBOOK TO THS FLORA OF THE PROVINCES OF MANITOBA, SASKATCHEWAN AND ALBERTA by BERNARD BOIVIN Herbier Louis—Marie, Université Laval and Department of Agriculture, Ottawa 1867 1967 Part I Pteroids, Ferns, Conifers and Woody Dicopsids 122 PHY? OL OG iI & Vol. 15, no. 3 PREFACE We are pleased to present herewith in this condensed form a survey of the flora of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta as we know it. It is in a form which we hope will be especially adapted to use by the college student, yet remains convenient, in form and pres@mtation, for use not only by the educated layman who my wish a key to the nature around him, but also by biologists, agreps, botanists and other naturalists who may have the need for a handy guide to the vegetation of our area. ENGLISH POPULAR NAMES have been restricted to those that appear to be vernacular and they are underlined only if they are known to be vernacular in Canada. FRENCH POPULAR NAMES follow in (brackets) and are underlined only if known to be vernacular in North America. NATIVE AND INTRODUCED plants are distinguished as follows: names underundulated represent plants native in our area; names in CAPITALS ecncesnt plants introduced in our area. SYNONYMY. Synonyms have been kept to the minimum necessa- ry to establish the relation between this volume and the more important floras having a bearing in our region. The main ones considered are as follows: H.B. SPOTTON, A. COSENS and T.Jd. IVEY, Wild Plants of Canada, 19):8; M.L. FERNALD, Gray's Manual of Botany 1950; H.A. GLEASON, New Britton and Brown Illustrated Flora, 3 vols, 1952; C.L. HITCHCOCK, A. CRONQUIST, M. OWNBEY, J.W. THOMPSON, Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest, 5 vols ( published to-date) 1955-6; A.C. BUDD & K.F. BEST, Wild Plants of the Canadian Prairies, 196); H.J. SCOGGAN, Flora of Manitoba, 1957; R.C. RUSSELL, G.F. LEDINGHAM, R.T. COUPLAND, An Annotated List of the Plants of Saskatchewan, 195); A.J. BREITUNG, Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Flora of Saskat- chewan, 1957; E.H. MOSS, Flora of Alberta, 1959. Two kinds of synonyms have been distinguished. True syno- nyms, such as Astragalus triphyllus Pursh in the synonymy of A. gilviflorus Sheldon, are followed by the correct author's name, Other synonyms, such as Astragalus hypoglottis AA, in the synonymy of A. danicus Retz., represent names based on mi- sidentification of specimens or misinterpretation of types; note that the author's name has therefore been replaced by the abbreviation AA. All synonyms are underlined and encased in (brackets). Tne local DISTRIBUTION of each taxon is followed by its general distribution in an abbreviated form. The geographical sequence used conforms to the list of abbreviations below. Two geographical abbreviations are connected by a hyphen when a Canadian distribution is continuous across the intervening provinces or territories, while a coma separating geographical units indicates a discontinuous Canadian distribution. Thus Q-BC indicates that a plant is known to occur in Quebec, Onta- rio, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia. Conversely Q-Man, Alta-BC indicates a plant with a similar distribution, but lacking in Saskatchewan. 2 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 123 A distribution is enclosed in (brackets) if we have not checked it personally but are quoting other botanists. No brackets are used when we have been able to confirm the distri- bution given herewith. Partially confirmed distributions are accordingly given partially outside, partially inside brackets. Prior to 1963 our recording of verified distributions was unfor- tunately somewhat spotty, hence some of the confirmed distribu- tions will fall short of our actual herbarium studies and anno- tations. A brief review of 22 major families and other groups of plants occurs at the beginning of the Herbaceous Dicots, This review may be especially useful to the beginner. It may also serve as an outline for a practical course in Plant Classifica- tion at the elementary level. In so far as we have been able to check them, we have in- cluded in this text only such taxa as we have been able to recognize as discrete biological entities. All others have been relegated to synonymy, along with all minor morphological segre- gates that seemed of no particular significance. We have acted on the basis that first and foremost a species should be morpho- logically discontinuous from its closest relatives. And this discontinuity should be such as to be readily recognized by a good amateur or biologist (ecologist, forester, agrep, etc.), given the usual equipment and a reasonable amount of previous experience or training. One should not need to send for a spe- cialist for every other Carex or Crataegus. Taxonomy is not an esoteric science, but an everyday tool of biologists, amateurs and just plain interested and intellectually curious people. We consider that the classification of Vascular Plants should re- main within reach of such people and that the species should be the natural unit of knowledge. May we hope that the result of our efforts does not fall too far short of our objective. t f Bernard Boivin Herbier Louis-Marie Université Laval, Québec September 1966* 3 A few additions and minor revisions have been incorporated to this text until late spring and summer 1967. 12h P Hy oT) 0, DeQsGi Da Vol. 15, no. 3 THANKS Our field work in the Prairie Provinces cover 8 seasons from 1916 (with the National Museum) to 1960 (with the Depart- ment of Agriculture) and we have had an opportunity to examine or borrow a large proportion of the relevant material preserved in institutional collections. The general western collections at the Department of Agriculture (DAO) and at the National Museum (CAN) are rather complete and have been extensively reviewed. The general but less extensive collections at the Faculty of Agriculture at Laval (QFA) has also been reviewed nearly in full. Another extensive and important collection is preserved at the Gray Herbarium (HUH) but has been examined in part only. We have borrowed large blocks from some of the local herbaria, namely from the University of Saskatchewan,(SASK), the University of Regina, (REG), the Experimental Farm at Swift Current (SCS) and the Research Station at Saskatoon (SASKP). We have also leafed through part of the collections at the University of ALBERTA (ALTA), the University of Manitoba (WIN) and the Experimental Farm at Brandon. At one time or another we have received select- ed loans from a large number of institutions, including every one of the above. To all the institutions who have thus placed their facilities at our disposal, our most grateful thanks for their unfailing cooperation. We wish to extend similar thanks to the many colleagues who have helped us with information and suggestions and similarly to the numerous amateurs who have kept sending in a steady stream of information and of duplicates of their more important discoveries. Many of these amateurs have also published important papers and have thus made a major con- tribution of their own. Such are: A.J. Breitung (McKague, Cy- press Hills, Waterton), Dr. G.H. Turner (Fort Saskatchewan), J.H. Hudson (Mortlach), and J.P. Bernard (Otterburne). The lat- ter is now my assistant and deserves special thanks for his substantial contribution to the preparation of this text, colla- borating on the preparation of the glossary, helping to check the distributions and, generally speaking, shouldering a large proportion of the tasks involved in preparing this manuscript for publication. 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 125 ABBREVIATIONS AA. Authors, American Author, sphalm. By mistake; abbrevia- tion of the latin sphalmate, m Meter, about inches longer than a yard. dm Decimeter; about ) inches. cm Centimeter; about 2/5 inch. mn Millimeter; about 1/25 inch. ssp. Subspecies var. Variety hoe Form ev. Cultivar n North s South e East W West ne Northeast nw Northwest se Southeast sw Southwest c Central G Greenland F Franklin District SEQUENCE OF FAMILIES 3 Keewatin District Mack Mackenzie District Y Yukon Aka Alaska L Labrador NF Newfoundland SPM Saint-Pierre & Miquelon NS Nova Scotia PEI Prince Edward Island NB New Brunswick Q Quebec O Ontario Man Manitoba S) Saskatchewan Alta Alberta BC British Columbia US United States of America CA Central America, (including Mexico and the West Indies) SA South America Eur Eurasia Afr Africa Oc Oceania AND GENERA The sequences of FAMILIES is adapted from the Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 103: 490-505. 1956. And the sequence of GENERA within a family is adapted from Dalla Torre & Harms, Genera Siphonoga- marum 1900-1907 for the Conifers and Flowering Plants, from E.B. Copeland, Genera Filicum 197, for the Ferns. At least as far as the families are concerned, the basic principle of the sequence is the thesis. following evolutionary hypo- Evolution does not pro roceed by the the creation or production of of brand new structures -- -- evolution proceeds by fixation, modifi- cation, § Specialization, differentiation or reduction of preexist- ing structures. Structures ich appear to be new, those which constitute a progress, those which give a species, or other ta- xon, a special advantage in the struggle for life, which enable a species to occupy a previously empty nichr or to displace an earlier occupant, such structures are always evolved step by step from preexisting structures, This evolution step by step, or microbematic (=little steps) evolution, is familiar to our generation by many well known ins- tances such as the creation of new horticultural varieties or the appearance of new and resistant races of pests and diseases following the wide application of a chemical or biological controls. In practice this evolutionary concept leads to the follow- ing observations in so far as the Vascular Plants are concerned. 5 126 Pn YD OTe OrG: Dik Vol. 15, no. 3 1l- Free structures are more primitive than fused structu- res. 2- Similar structures are more primitive than differentia- ted structures. 3- The type with numerous parts is more primitive than one with fewer parts or with parts fixed in number, which in tum is more primitive than the type without the same parts, provided this absence is the result of reduction. h- Alternate or spiral parts is a more primitive condition than opposite or verticillate, as the latter seems to result from some internodes failing to develop. 5- Open venation is more primitive than reticulate vena- tion. 6- Indefinite and indetermine growth is more primitive than definite or determinate growth. 7- The terminal or solitary flower is more primitive than the inflorescence and the open inflorescence is more primitive than a closed inflorescence, such as a capitulum,cyathium, cat- kin, etc., which has come to function more or less as a single flower. 8- The free prothallium (alternation of generations) is a more primitive type than the type where the spores develop and produce a seed without leaving the mother-plant. 9- Dichotomous branching is more primitive than sympodial or monopodial or verticillate branching, 10- The type with scattered and similar sporophylls is more primitive than the type with sporophylls borne in a spike, or sexually differentiated, etc. 1l1- The type with the fronds all similar is more primitive than the type with the fronds differentiated into sterile and fertile ones. 12- Radial symmetry is generally more primitive than the dorsiventral or bilateral or zygmorphic type. 13- The perennial plant is more primitive than the biennial or the annual. li- The woody plant is generally more primitive than its herbaceous relative. 15- The terrestrial and autonomous type is more primitive than its aquatic, or epiphytic, or saprophytic, or climbing, or parasitic, or symbiotic relative. Finally, evolution tends to become irreversible as a type becomes further and further reduced, more and more specialized. KEYS TO GENERA AND SPECIES Keys are a modern feature of floras, but their development is a gradual one. In floras of two centuries ago there were no keys, but the species of a genus were often arranged in a graded sequence so that the successive diagnostic names could be used somewhat like an unindented key. Synoptical diagrams of the classification of a whole flora were often offered as a help to the user. Larger genera were often subdivided by means of sub- headings. The latter were easy to locate in the text as they 6 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 127 were usually quite symetrical visually and may be further iden- tified by use of various symbols such as asterisks, daggers, dashes, etc. As genera became larger, more elaborate system of subheadings were developed. And when these subheadings were brought together in a synoptic table at the beginning of a genus, a key was born. As keys were further developed, they tended to become dichotomous. And when ease in identification became the primary objective of a key, the natural key which gave a synop- tical view of a genus tended to give way to the artificial key in which diagnostic characters are selected solely for their ease of use and efficiency in identification, We have further developed and refined our keys along the lines of current trends. Our keys are purely artificial and built strictly as an aid to identification; more convenient characters are given the preference over more fundamental ones that might better illustrate the essential differences between taxa. Keys are strictly dichotomous and indented, with the pairs of indentations identified by the same letter in the mar- gin. This is the type of structure which produces the easiest keys to use. The number of words and concepts used in each in- dentation has been kept low on purpose so that the reader may keep the contents of the first indentation clearly in mind while he reads the second indentation. Keys tnat are overloaded with ifs and whens or too many characters may be more accurate becau- se they may take care of all the contigencies, but the gain in accurancy is all too often at the expense of comprehension. Visual symetry is a valuable feature of a good key; it enables the eye to discover quickly and follow easily a parti- cular path of identification. The visual symetry is here pro- vided primarily by the use of indentations and identifying let- ters. This has freed us from the need for verbal symetry and we have therefore eliminated some of the repetitiveness usely found in the second member of a pair of indentations. The result- ing brevity will facilitate the task of the mind trying to grasp simultaneously the contents of a pair of indentations. We have also been abled to emphasize the diagnostic differences in our keys at the expense of verbal symetry. Further we have often emphasized the direction of the differences between two taxa or two groups of taxa; it is thus quite often possible to state in only one or two words the essential nature of the difference between two entities. As we progressed in the preparation of this text we noticed that is was possible to grasp an overall view of a key as long as its terms were not too numerous. This has led us to try to subdivide each larger genus into groups of mostly 6-10 species each. When a large key is thus broken in smaller units, it is possible to retain a overall view of the key to a much larger number of species or genera. For the sake of brevity the characters used in a key are most often not repeated in descriptions of species, genera and larger groups. Further brevity has been achieved quite often by merely stating how a particular taxon differs from a closely 7 128 Pee Lot OrL7OsGaie sk Vol. 15, no. 3 related one, thus obviating the need to repeat such characters as they may have in common. While a standard sequence is general- ly followed in describing the successive parts of a plant, more important features are often stated first, especially if they have strong diagnostic value, and especially if these characters were not used in the key. 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 129 FLORA OF THE PRAIRIE PROVINCES Embranchement: TRACHAEOPHYTA Plants with vascular tissues and, usually, recognizable root, stem and leaves. a. Reproduction by spores borne on leaves or spo- rophylls. b. Sporangia borne dorsally on peltate sporo- phylls. Branches, leaves and sporophylls verticil- Late ..cccccccececeeeess Division 2. Equisophyta p. 1 bb. No peltate sporophylls. Branches, leaves and sporophylls usually alternate. c. Sporangia ventral, leaves usually small and simple ......... Division l. Lycophyta p. 9 cc. Sporangia dorsal or naked on special- ized branches; leaves (=fronds) usually large and variously divided. cccsecececececee Sub-division 1. Pterophytina p. 18 aa. Reproduction by seeds borne in cones or flowers. d. Seeds naked, borne in cones; woody plants with leaves usually persistent and mostly needle-like ........ Subdivision 2. pymnophy tine De 32 dd. Seeds wrapped in a carpel, borne in flo- WES) LEAVeSHeVialTOUS siscicielsisieleicie sleiclerelcie’s eee eeeeeereevreeeeanee eee Sub-division Bin Angiophy tina Pp. 39 Division 1. LYCOPHYTA Sporangia solitary and subaxillary on the ventral side of a bract or leaf (=sporophyll). a. Submerged tufted aquatics from a fleshy bilobed COLMeisis elviaeitiels slatctercistelelcleleie eieleiereie MULAGSIEC. Isopsida pen wy aa. Normally terrestrial herbs with clearly distinct stem (and branches) ....+e+eeeee+ Class 1. Lycopsidap. 9 Class 1. LYCOPSIDA Growing point terminal. Foliar appendages differentiated into leaves and sporophylls, the latter usually disposed into clearly recognizable spikes. a. Spike cylindrical; spores very small and quite MUMOLOUS Mere:cibic seit « eclelele cicivielevisle cele clas eleele ene «) uy CObOGTacede aa. Spike quadrangular, the sporophylls being dis- posed in h vertical rows; some of the spores much larger and only lh to a sporangium ...... Sualeterata etal efatolcrelc’ale wiavornislaiclaivio oialelavcisicierevateisiate aire Selaginellaceae 130 PobyY.? O1L70.6 Wok Vol. 15, no. 3 Order 1, LYCOPODIALES Single family 1. LYCOPODIACEAE (CLUB-MOSS FAMILY) Sporangia, spores and prothallia not sexually differentia- ted. Sporangia and leaves without ligules. 1. LYCOPODIUM L. Herbs dichotomously divided. Leaves small and simple, dis- posed on |; ranks or more, persistent. a. Bearing rings of bulblets. No spike .......... 1. L. Selago aa. No bulbets. Sporophylls in a terminal spike. b. No rhizome. Terminal spike barely differ- entiated from the foliage ...........+. 2. L. inundatum bb. Elongated rhizomes present. Spikes strongly differentiated from the foliage. c. Spike borne on a long peduncle. d. Leaves in about 8 rows and with a longpterminal, seta. iste. sceaden’s ‘sik. lelavanum dd. Branchlets flattened; leaves partly — adnate and in rows ........ 8. L. complanatum ec. Spikes sessile or nearly so. is e, Leaves in 6 or more rows, the free portion of each leaf 3 mm long or more. f, Erect shoot with a strictly dichotomous branching; branches LEW weccsccccccceccseececee Je Le annotinun ff. Erect shoot with a distinct main stem; branches numerous .... 5. L. obscurum ee. Leaves in h-(5) rows, much adnate, ~ the free portion not more than 3 mn long. g. Leaves of the various rows quite Similar (ij. ss dale saleisile doe Oe Le Sabinifolamm gg. Leaves strongly differentiated, those of the dorsal row trowel- Shaped .eccscccccesccccsecoee fe Le alpinum be aux porcs) -- No rhizome, but tufted, Strictly dichotomous with all branches reaching the same level. Rings of bulblets, sporophylls and leaves in alternating groups along the branches. Alpine and subarctic habitats, usually half buried in Sphagnuum, -- G, K-Aka, L-SPM, NS, NB-BC, US, (CA, SA), Eur -- F..appres= sum (Desv.) Gelert -- Leaves erect and tightly appressed to the stem. Hudson Bay region. -- G-Aka, L-SPM, NS, Q-nMan, swAlta- seBC, (US), Eur. The widely distributed var. Selago has the leaves * 1 mm wide, or slightly more, and straight. Around the Pacific Ocean it grades into, and is largely replaced by, the more delicate var. Miyoshianum Makino with leaves * 0.05 mm wide, + incurved Lycovodium 10 1. L. Selago L. var. Selago -- Rat's Tail (Sélagine, Her- 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 131 beyond the middle, and mostly spreading to descending. Reports of L. porophilum Lloyd & Und. from Western Canada by Rydberg 1932, Macoun 1090, and others are likely to be based on various forms of L. Selago. However, we have not yet met with any spe- cimen so named from Alberta. See Boivin 1966. Reports by Ma- coun 1890 of L. lucidulum Mx. from Laggan and B.C. have not been traced yet but are held as highly dubious and likely to be based on variants of L. Selago. 2. L, jnundatum L. var. jnundatum -- No rhizome, but pro- ~~ Vane > ducing a new bulb at the end of the season. Dichotomously di- vided into a creeping sterile shoot and an erect fertile one. Spike terminal, barely distinct. Sporophylls slightly longer than the leaves, Wet spots subject to spring flooding, espe- cially in bogs. Lake Windrum. =~ Aka, L-SPM, NS-9, nS, BC, US, Eur. 3. L. annotinum L. (var. acrifolium Fern.) -- Long super- ficial leafy rhizome present. Erect shoot dichotomously divi- ded into a few erect branches. Leaves spreading to descending, usually serrulate. Spike solitary and sessile. Dense conife- rous woods . ~- K-~Aka, L-SPM, NS-BC, US, Eur -- F. pungens (Desv.) M.P. Pors. (var. alpestre Hartm.) -- Erect shoots in denser tufts. Leaves strongly ascending to appressed, those of the fertile branches shorter, less than 5 mm long. Open, alpine or subarctic habitats, -- G-Aka, L-SPM, NS-BC, US, Eur. Var. acrifolium is sporadic in its distribution and appears to be a morphological extreme with entire leaves. fF. pungens appears to be an ecological variation and is geographically res- ar to the same extent that its habitat is also restricted. - L. clavatum L. var. clavatum (var. megastachyon Fern. & Bissell) -> Clubmoss, Staghorn-Moss (Courants Sate) -- Super- ficial leafy rhizome present. Leaf ending in a long conspicuous seta, these gathered in white to rusty tufts at the end of shoots. Spike long-peduncled, the peduncle bracteolate and often bran- ched, Dry woods, usually coniferous woods. -- Aka, L-SPM, NS-BC, US, Eur. -- F. monostachyon (Desv.) Clute -- Shorter spike on a short peduncle, the latter usually shorter than the spike. Lea- ves shorter and more strongly incurved. More open and subalpine to subarctic habitats . -- G, K-Aka, L-NF, Q-(0)-Man-BC, (US), Eur. The setae are commonly deciduous around the 5th or 6th year. On the Pacific slope the typical variety is partly repla- ced by a var. integerrimum with setae deciduous the very first year. The latter has also been reported from Wisconsin, but we have not yet been able to confirm this report. F. monostachyon appears to be an ecological variant essentially comparable to the f. pungens of the previous species. Other variations based on the size and number of spikes per peduncle do not seem to be in any way significant. S. L. obscurum L. (f. exsertum Vict., var. dendroideum (Mx. ) D.C. Eaton) -- Ground-Spruce, Ground-Pine (Petits Pins) -- Rhizome deeply buried. Erect shoots very branchy and looking like little trees, with a solitary or a few terminal sessile spi- nul LYCOPODIUM 132 Peay tT O-LiO1G Eck Vol. 15, no. 3 kes. Semi-open coniferous woods, ~~ (K)-Mack-Aka, L-SPM, NS- BC, US, (Bur). A barely distinct form of sunny places is often called var. dendroideum, but a better name would seem to be f. exsertum as it hardly rates as a variety. 6. J. sabinifolium W. var. sjtchense (Rupr.) Fern. (L. sitchense Rupr.) -- Ground-Fir -- Rhizome nearly superficial. Leaves partly adnate, this species being thus intermediate bet- ween the previous numbers with free leaves and the following ones strongly adnate. Sterile branches strongly ascending and flattened, but with those of the ventral and dorsal rows quite alike. Spike usually solitary, sessile. Acid soils from lake Hasbala westward. -- Aka, nS-BC, US, (Eur). Our variety has dimorphic erect branches, the fertile ones being 2-3 times longer (exclusive of the sessile spike) than the sterile ones. The more eastern typical variety has subequal branches, but the spike is usually pedunculate. This morpholo- gical distinction is at variance with the usual treatment in current manuals and all specimens and reports of var. sabinifo- lium from Howard and elsewhere in our area have been revised accordingly. See Boivin 1966. 7. L. alpinum L. -- Similar to the following. Leaves of the ventral row strongly differentiated, shaped like a small trowel. Spike solitary and sessile. Light woods near timberli- ne; Rockies -- G, K-Aka, L, Q, wAlta-BC, (US), Eur. 8. L. complanatum L. var. complanatum -- Ground-Cedar -- Rhizome deeply buried. Branches strongly flattened, much paler below, elongating each year, the annual growth being termed an innovation. The innovations separated by constrictions. The lower branches with (2)-3-l-(5) innovations. Leaves strongly adnate, those of the lower rank much smaller. Spikes long pe- duncled, mostly solitary. Dry woods, usually coniferous, and dry semi-open places. -- G, K-Aka, L-SPM, NS-BC, US, Eur. -- Var. Habereri (House) Boivin (var. Gartonis Boivin; L. trista- chyum AA.) -- Usually longer and with more open branching. Most branches innovating but only once. Spikes usually geminate. Rhizome near the surface. Coniferous woods on light soils. -- sMack, sQ-nS, neUS, (Eur). In some herbaria many specimens of L. complanatum have re- cently been revised to various hybrid combinations. We find these hybrids to be unconvincing on morphological ground and also because too many of them were collected way outside the range of one of the putative parents. Nearly all these so-called hybrids appear to fall within the normal range of variation of L. complanatum or its var. Habereri. LYCOPODIUM 12 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 133 Order 2. SELAGINELLALES Single family 2. SELAGINELLACEAE (SPIKEMOSS FAMILY) Like small Club-Mosses, but with the spores sexually dif- ferentiated, the megaspore larger and ) together in a sporangium. 1, SELAGINELLA Beauvois SPIKEMOSS Small herbs, weakly rooted. Branching dichtomous. Spikes terminal and sessile. a, Leaves merely acute, not bristle-tipped ...... Cc cccccccccvcccccccecescccscecercccseccs Le S. Selaginoides aa. Leaves bristle-tipped. b. Glaucous, loosely tufted ....cccscscscee ke S. Wallacei bb. Green, densely creeping. Go Setae about 0,5) mn long Soccsaccsas Cents estris ec, Setae 1,0 mm long or more ....esceeeeee 3 o densa 1. S. selaginoides (L.) Link -- Very filmy and easily con- fused with a Hepatic, which it resembles. Two-toned. The ste- rile shoots dark green and creeping; the fertile one erect and straw-green. Leaves remotely dentate. Sporophylls loosely spreading. Creeping among the mosses in slightly disturbed pla- ces in bogs. -- G, Mak L-SPM, NS, NB-BC, US, Eur. 2. S. rupestris (L.) Spring -- Small perennial resembling a emeli Prcanoan Sterile branches about 1 cm high; the fer- tile ones y-3-(h) em high. Leaves small and closely imbrica- ted, ending in a seta 1 mm long or less. Forms a loose carpet on rocks or in dry Pine woods. -- G, NS, NB-neAlta, US, Eur. Reports from southwestern Manitoba proved to be based on S. densa. ° 3. S. densa Rydb. var. densa -- A prairie species quite similar ‘to the preceeding and often confused with it. Sterile branches about l; mm high, the fertile ones 1.5-2.5 cm high. Terminal setae 1 mm long or more, forming conspicious tufts at the end of branches. Sporophylls ciliate to the tip. Forming compact flabelliform carpets on dry ground. Very common prai- rie species, but usually hidden and inconspicuous. -- swMan- seBC, US -- Var. scopulorum (Maxon) Tryon (var. Standleyi (Maxon) Tryon; S. scopulorum (Maxon) -- Sporophylls eciliate above the middle. Dry alpine habitats. -- (se Aka), swAlta-BC, US, (CA). lh. S. Wallacei Hier, -- Foliage somewhat glaucous. Similar to the previous two and often confused with them. Much larger and more loosely tufted and branched, the main shoots up to 10 cm long. Leaves and sporophylls minutely ciliate towards the apex, but eciliate or nearly so towards the base. Setae short, inconspicuous, less than 0.5 mm long. Dry, rocky mountain slo- pes: Waterton. -- swAlta-BC, US. 13 Selaginella 134 PHT O.tO1G' TA Vol. 15, no. 3 Class 2. ISOPSIDA A single order, family and genus. Order 3. ISOETALES -- 3. ISOETACEAR (QUILLWORT FAMILY) Je) TSOR TES) E. QUILLWORT Tufted aquatic from a bilobed corm. All leaves bear a ven- tral sporangium with a small ligule above the sporangium. Spo- res of two kinds, the female ones much larger and termed "megas- pores", a. Megaspores covered with spinulose projections about as high as the equatorial and commissural ridges... cece ee ccccencccccccccsccccsosesesccceseose te LI, echinospora aa. Smaller and merely covered with tubercules which are about as high as wide and much lower than the Pidges ceescceeseccecsccsececrecccesscee Ce Le Bolanderi 1. I. echinospora Durieu var. Braunii (Durieu) Eng. (S. muricata AA.) -- Leaves soft, filiform, arched, entire, up to I5 cm long, bulbous at base. The bulbous part is hollowed out and contains a sporangium. Megaspores spinulose, about 1/2 a millimeter across. A bottom dweller is shallow waters of lakes. == G, K=Aka, L=SPM, NS=BC, US. Northeastward it gives way to var. Savilei Boivin, a smal- ler plant with smaller megaspores, about 1/3 mm across, varying from 300 to 00 pe Our american varieties form the ssp. muricata (Durieu) Lbve & Lbve, characterized by the presence of stomata. These will be made conspicuous by the action of iodine as the guard cells accumulate starch. Stomata are absent in ssp. echi- nospora,. 2. I. Bolanderi Eng. var. Bolanderi -- Leaves often longer, up to 25 cm long. Megaspores merely tuberculate and smaller, about 1/3 mm across. Alpine lakes in Waterton. -- swAlta-(BC), US. In the southwestern USA occurs a var. pygmea Clute much smaller, 2.5 cm high or less, and with megaspores almost smooth. Division 2, EQUISOPHYTA A single class, order, family and genus, Class 3. EQUISOPSIDA -- Order ). EQUISETALES lh. EQUISETACEAE (HORSETAIL FAMILY) 1. EQUISETUM L. HORSETALL Herbs, easily coming apart at the nodes. Leaves verticil- late, small and fused together into a sheath at each node. Branches verticillate and alternating with the leaves. Sporo- phylls peltate and verticillate in a terminal spike. Sporangia dorsal. a. Stems all green and simple. Isoetes 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 135 b. Stems wall paper-thin and easily crushed.. He cioials didie'e dies side wld gl de leds uae dbicciedwe! Go be tL luipigtate bb. Stem stiff with thick wall and smaller 5 hh me TA central cavity. c. Small plants; sheath with 3 teeth ONLY ceeccccccccvevececscrececveves He EB, scirpoides cc. Larger; teeth much more numerous, Fae d. ch persistant; stem up to Zep ROCRAGS revi dae so waedune wo! Ae? ep variegatum dd. Teeth deciduous; stem usually mch _ larger, e. Stems annual; sheath with a ming of ‘brown GO tase vex. 2 E, laevigatum ee. Stems biennial; sheath soon —~ developping two black rings... 2. E. hyemale aa. Stems branched, at least the sterile ones; - fertile stems sometimes yellow and simple. f. Branches ramified; sheath two-toned, green at ase.) POW: Ab COD. siwcisias alte a'cuie be visieel hs ue sylvaticum ff. Branches normally simple; sheath green only. g. Lowermost internode on each branch longer than the corresponding sheath OI EHS SSM 7s. a sie'ncicie'didkinnlctaeess ats teew EVE! arvense gg. Lowermost internode on each branch as + long as or shorter than the correspond- ing sheath on the stem, h. Sheath of the branches 3-toothed..6, E. pratense hh. With (l)-5-(6) teeth. i i. Stem-sheaths with 6-8 teeth...8. E. palustre ii. With 10-30 teeth ...........%. E. fluviatile 1. E. laevigatum Braun (E. hyemale L. var. intermedium A.A. Eaton; E. kansanum Schaffner; E. intermedium (A.A. Eaton) Rydb.) -- (Prele) -- About 1 mm high, often producing tufts of short stems. Stem simple, pale green, not overwintering. Sheath slightly constricted at base, about 2-3 times longer than wide at base and slightly flaring. Sporesis mostly in mid-summer. Open places, often hilly and sandy. -- Q-BC, US, (CA). Quite easily recognized by its pale green colour and the ring on the sheath reduced to a row of brown dots. New shoots will produce a spike the very first year and sporesis takes place around the middle of summer. The stems do not persist but are regularly winter-killed. The base of an old stem will often generate a tuft of very thin stems which are usually sterile and may vary from straight to flexuous, thus resembling E, variegatum in habit. Yet these thin stems should be readily recognized by the unique type of sheath of E, laevigatum. The base of an old stem will sometimes persist into a second summer; it will then develop sets of rings that may somewhat resemble those of E. hye- male, Most of our personal collections of £, laevigatum will illustrate its usual dimorphism in stem size and shape. In our field experience this species and the next two are EQ ISETUM 136 Poney (TD O1L 701d: Tek Vol. 15, no. 3 quite sharply distinct and never hybridize. However, in the herbarium, the distinction is not always so obvious and a fair proportion of specimens will seem to be more or less intermedia- te. These atypical specimens are variously treated as varieties or species or as interspecific hybrids. Mostly they will be found filed under one or the other of the following names or formulae. E. hyemale X laevigatum = E. hyemale var. intermedium A.A. Eaton = E. Ferrissii Clute. We have examined quite a few speci- mene identified by Hauke to E. Ferrissii and we are not satisfied that they show morphological evidence for their hybrid status; nearly all specimens seemed to fall well within the normal range of variation of E. laevigatum and have been so revised. Accord- ing to the map published, the range of E. Ferrissii extends a long way beyond the range of one of the putative parents, cer- tainly not a feature to be normally expected in a hybrid. E. laevigatum X variegatum = E. variegatum var. Nelsonii A.A. Eaton = E. Nelsonii (A.A. Eaton) Schaffner. Under those names one finds mostly small specimens of E. laevigatum. E. Nel- sonii is treated as a hybrid by Hauke 1963 and, as in the case of E. Ferrissii, his distribution map shows E. Nelsonii extending well beyond the range of one of its putative parents. The mor- phological evidence of hybridity is not convincing. E. hyemale X variegatum = E. hyemale var. Jesupii (A.A. Ea- ton) Vict. = E. trachyodon AA, “Specimens filed under those names are usually small individuals of E. hyemale. These seem to be sporadic in the range of the species, being perhaps more frequent northward. As in the two cases previous, the morphological evi- dence for hybridity is not convincing. oe BYERS L. var. affine (Fre. ) A.A. Eaton (var. elatum (Eng.) A.A. Baton, var. pseudohyemale (Farw.) Morton, var. robus~ tum (A.Br.) A.A. Eaton, E_ affine ie Eng.; E. prealtum Raf.) -- Scouring Rush (Préle des tourneurs ) -- Stem dark green, commonly 1m high, simple, overwintering. Sheath cylindric, short, up to 11/2 times as long as large, soon developing two black rings separated by a gray zone. Sporesis sometimes in the fall of the first year, most often in the spring of the second year, Humid and sandy places, most often on embankments. -- Mack-Aka, (NF), NS, NB-BC, US, (Eur) The internodes are ridged longitudinally and in our ameri- can var, affine the ridges are crested by a single row of minute and inconspicuous siliceous tubercules. In the eurasian var. hyemale the tubercules form a double row on the crest of each : ridge. This difference is not always very clear, but is a valid one if the two varieties are treated as populations. The stems of this species are very dark green and, like E. laevigatum, they are dimorphic although not in the same manner. First year stems are lighter in colour and usually sterile, but they may produce toward the middle of the summer a spike which will achieve sporesis in the fall. The second year the stems will have appreciably darkened and most of them will produce a spike which will mature before the end of spring. Generally the EQU ISETUM 16 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 137 stem will be frost-killed during the second winter, but an occa- sion it may survive for a third season and will then produce short fertile branches (=f. polystachyum Prager). This branching and production of more than one spike may also appear during the second summer on stems that may have suffered during the first winter some frost damage affecting only the summit of the stem. Our collection no. 13 611 from Pend-d'Oreille Lake in Idaho was meant to illustrate the stem dimorphism of this species. Such individuals as may be more luxuriant, being taller and coarser, are often named var, californicum Milde or var. elatum or var. robustum, These forms are occasional in the range of the species and hardly deserve taxonomic rank, even if they seem to be somewhat more frequent southward. 3. E. variegatum Schleicher -- Similar to the preceeding, but generally smaller, Stems simple, annual, up to 4 dm high, up to 2.5 mm thick. Sheath with a single brown or black ring and persistent teeth. Shores and wet coniferous woods. -- G-Aka, L-NF, (SPM), NS, NB-BC, US, Eur. As with the first two species, extreme forms have received names, Var. alaskanum A.A. Eaton will designate the more vigo- rous plants while var, anceps Milde, or better f. anceps (Milde ) Braun, will refer to those with more delicate stems. h. E. scirpoides Mx. -- Smallest and forming a dark, dense, tangled carpet on the forest floor. Stems only 5-12 ecm long, dark green, simple, flexuous and without a central cavity. Sheath with only 3 teeth. Mostly coniferous woods. -- G-Aka, L-SPM, NS- BC, US, Eur. 5. E. arvense L. (var. boreale (Bong.) Led.) -- Horsetail (Queue de Mpenardy <= Stems of two kinds, the fertile ones simple, very early, yellow and soon disappearing. The sterile ones ap- pearing a little later, with simple solid branches. Sheaths of the branches with 3- lanceolate teeth 1 mm long or more. Every- where, especially in wet places. -- G, K-Aka, L-NF-(SPM), NS-BC, US, Bur. Afr. A most plastic species with scores of named forms and varie- ties. The most popular one is var. boreale in which the branches are essentially trigonous while they are tetragonous in var. arvense. The first is mostly found in shaded places and the se- cond occurs mainly in more sunny habitats. Apparently these varieties are only minor ecological forms, 6. E, pratense Ehrh, -- Meadow-Horsetail -- Stems of two kinds, the fértYie“Ghes very rare, appearing in early summer, pale green, branched or soon branching. Sterile stems with sim- ple branches spreading. Sheaths of the branches with 3 deltoid teeth less than 1 mm long. Dense woods near water. -- Mack-Aka, NF, NS, NB-BC, US, Eur. 7. E. sylvaticum L. var. multiramosum (Fern.) Wherry (var. paucsrarosum AA.) --Bottle-Brush -- Branches flexuous and rami- led. Stem finely pubescent. Shoots of two kinds, appearing at the same time, the fertile ones with the longest branches up- permost, the sterile ones with the longest branches lowermost. Sheaths of the stem with large russet teeth fused in 3 or groups. 17 Equisetun 138 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 15, no. 3 Sporesis in late spring. Woods, especially coniferous woods. -- G, K-Aka, L-SPM, NS-BC, US. Typically var. multiramosum has smooth branches while the eurasian var. sylvaticum is minutely glandular-scabrous along the ridges of the branches. AS pointed out by Fassett 19 and as we have been able to check in the field and in the herbariun, the distinction is a statistical one and is valid only if the two varieties are treated as populations on a continental scale. It is not difficult to find in the range of one variety, especially in the northern part of the range, a specimen that could pass as typical of the other variety. In Ungava and eastward one may find another variety, var. pauciramosum Milde, with much reduced branching. Many authors do not distinguish this entity, in which case the correct name for var. multiramosum becomes var, pauciramosum because the latter antedates the former by nearly a century. Hence all reports of var. pauciramosum west and south of Ungava and Newfoundland should be interpreted as applying to var. multiramosum. 8. E. palustre L. var. simplicissimum Braun -- Bog-Nut -- Sterile aa fertile shoots patho SLES 2nd normally branched, the branches rather coarse and nearly as thick as the stem. Low- est branches internode very short, with a central cavity and with sheath bearing (l))-5-(6) teeth. Shores of larger rivers. -- Mack- Aka, L-NF, NB-BC, US. The eurasian var. palustre bears branches with their middle sheaths cut into teeth only (0.5)-0.8-1.2-(1.5) mm long. Our american phase is weakly differenciated by a number of statisti- cal differences of which the strongest is found in the length of the teeth of the middle sheaths of the branches; these are (1.0)- 1.5-2.5-(3.0) mm long in american plants. The latter was first distinguished as var. americanum Vict. 1927 but there are three earlier names available of which var. simpicissimum Braun is the earliest and correct name as pointed out by Boivin 1951. 9. E. fluviatile L. (E. limosum L.) -- Pipes (Pipes) -- Stem with the largest central Cavity and the thinnest walls, thus very easily flattened. Very variable, simple to much branched. Sterile stems long attenuate at tip, otherwise similar to the fertile ones. Stem sheathsshort, with numerous small and strongly blackened teeth. Branches hollow. Wet spots and shallows. -- K- Aka, L-SPM, NS-BC, US, Eur. Division 3. PTSROPHYTA Reproducing by seeds or by spores borne in marginal or dor- sal sporangia. Leaf (or frond) usually well developed and rather large. Sub-division 1, PTEROPHYTINA Herbs with rather large fronds which are usually much divi- ded. Venation usually more or less dichotomous. Sporangia borne on the back of fronds or at the margin of specialized shoots. A single class. EQUISETUM 18 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 139 Class . PTEROPSIDA a. Frond dichotomously divided into a leafy branch and a fertile branch; sporangia not clustered in sori, but more or less scattered, rather large and individually noticeable and usually sessile. Wises Uedieldelec Weevedisccevecedeesieeve Order 5, Ophioglossales aa. Frond usually pinnately divided; sporangia small, submicroscopic, usually stipitate and aggregated invidtiberahe SOMin ved cesses us'eeitse ces Ordari6,) Filicadles p,. 21 Order 5. OPHIOGLOSSALES Sporangia marginal, scattered, often sessile or nearly so. Frond divided in such a way as to look like a stem with a termi- nal insporescence and a single canline or basal leaf, 5. OPHIOGLOSSACEAE (ADDER'S TONGUE FAMILY) A single genus with us. 1. BOTRYCHIUM Swartz Fertile segment a terminal panicle. Sterile segment * divi- ded, a. Sterile segment triangular, peduncled and inserted near the base of scape. b. Sterile segment ternately compound... 1. B. multifidum bb. Sterile segment simple to trifoliate ... J. B. implex aa. Sterile segment sessile to short~peduncied, ‘a inserted toward the middle or upper part of the stipe. c. Sterile segment 1-4 dm wide ........ 7. B. virginianum ce. Sterile segment smaller. d. Sterile segment * lanceolate. e. Pinnae broadly flabelliform..... 2. B. Lunaria ee, Pinnae ovate or obovate. 5 f. Pinnae obovate, entire ..... h. B. simplex ff. Pinnae ovate, pinnatifid ... 3. B. boreale dd, Sterile segment not so elongate, deltoid to triangular-lanceolate, g. Sterile blade * deltoid..... 6. B. lanceolatum gg. Sterile blade + triangular, iia about twice as long as broad wescccsceecesecee De Be matricariifolium 1. B. miltifidum (Gmelin) Rupr. var. multifidum -- Sterile segment 1 dm wide or less + bipinnatipartite, broadly deltoid, inserted near the base of the stipe. Last year's blade often overwintering, the plant thus appearinb bifoliate. Sporesis in late summer. Sandy sterile prairies. -- Mack, (L)-NF, NS-BC, US, Eur -- Var. intermedium (D.C. Eaton) Farw. (B. silaifolium Presl; B, ternatim Sw.var. intermedium D.C, Eaton) == Larger and coarser. Blade up to 2.5 dm wide and + tripinnatipartite. -- (Aka), L-NF, NS, (NB)-Q-BC, US. 19 BOTRYCHIUM 140 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 15, no. 3 2. B. lunaria (L.) Sw. -- Moonwort (Herbe 4 la lune) -- The lanceolate Tins simply pinnate, the pinnae broadly flabelli- form. Insertion near the middle of the stipe. Open to semi- open places on sandy soils or dry bogs. -- G, K-Aka, L-SPM, NS, Q-BC, US, (SA), mur, (Oc). More luxuriant specimens with slightly larger spores have been segregated variously as a form, variety or species (B. min- anense Vict.). This uncommon extreme appears to be sporadic in its distribution and its taxonomic significance is not obvious. The last monographer of the group, Clausen 1938, reports it from all three of our provinces, but the Saskatchewan report actually originated from Boss Hill Creek in southwestern Manitoba. 3. B. boreale Midle var. obtusilobum (Rupr. ) Brown -- Much like the preceeding, the limb somewhat larger, the pinnae ovate and pinnatifid. Grassy mountain slopes, below or above treeline. ae looking like a very lush B. Lunaria. -- Y-Aka, swAlta-BC, (US). a The eurasian var. boreale (including var. crassinervium (Rupr. ) Christ.) has the sterile limb shorter and less deeply cut, the pinnae more clearly obovate or even flabelliform. 4. B. simplex E, Hitch. var. simplex -- Smallest and least divided. “Up to 12°em high. Limb TA aRigne, simple or trilo- bed to trifoliate, petiolate, inserted near the base. Sterile, open places: North Battleford -- NF, NS, NB-O, S, BC, US, kur -- Var. tenebrosum (A.A. Eaton) Clausen -- Limb more elongate and more divided into 3-7 obovate pinnae. Peduncle 1-3 cm long, in- serted towards the middle. Often looking like an intermediate to B. Lunaria, but the pinnae not flabelliform. -- Aka, NB-O, S- Alta, US, Eur. A Macoun collection from Silver City (MIMG; DAO, photo) was originally cited by Burgess 1887 under B. matricariifolium. It was later revised to B. simplex by G.E. Davenport and cited ac- cordingly by Macoun 1890. Upon examination, this collection proved to be made of immature specimens of B. Lunaria. This was the basis for all subsequent reports of B. ‘Simplex and B. matri- cariifolium for Alberta, but our own reports are based on more recent collections from Rich Valley (ALTA; DAO, photo) for B. simplex var. tenebrosum and Wilderness Park (DAO) for B. matri- Cariifolium, The var. tenebrosum collection is not very uniform. . 3B, matricariifolium Braun (var. hesperium (Maxon & Clau- sen) Boivin; B. ramosum AA.) -- Middling in size and form. Ste- rile segment inserted above the middle, generally short peduncu- late, + bipinnatipartite and = triangular (that is about twice as long as large), the ultimate segments commonly obovate. Moist prairies and shores, -- (NF)-SPM, NS-BC, US, Eur. 6. B. lanceolatum (Gmelin) Rupr. (var. angustisegmentum Pease & Moore) -- Much like the preceeding, but the sterile seg- ment larger, sessile and inserted near the base of the panicle. Limb deltoid (that is nearly as wide as long), its ultimate seg- ments tending to lanceolate. Moist prairies. -- G, (Y-Aka), L- (NF)-SPM, NS-Q-(0), swS-swAlta-BC, US, Eur. Usually grows with B. matricariifolium and often giving the BOTRYCHIUM i 0" ae i 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces puree impression (perhaps fully justified) of being only a later matur- ing growth phase of B. matricariifolium. There is 2-3 weeks dif- ference in the sporesis time of the two entities. 7. B, yinginianum (L.) Sw. (var. europaeum kngstrdm) -- Rattlesnake-Fern, -- Largest and most divided, 2-5 dm high, the stipe puberulent near the base. Sterile segment (1)-2-3-() dm wide, sessile or nearly so, inserted near the middle, tripinnati- tipartite to quadripinnatifid. Rich woods, -- K-Mack, Aka, L-NF, NS-BC, US, (SA), Eur -- F, anomalum Cody -- Lower segment partly modified and bearing some sporangia along with the normal green tissue. McKague. -- Q-0, S. Plants of more sunny places have a smaller, less divided md more leathery limb, along with slightly larger sporangia. These are often segregated as var. europaeum, undoubtedly a mere eco- logical form, Order 6, FILICALES Sporangia submicroscopic, generaly stipitate and bore dor- sally on normal or specialized fronds. a. Sporangia disposed in a continuous manner along the limbless divisions of the rachis, not aggregated into sori .....seeeeee ee 6. OSmundaceae p. 21 aa, Sporangia disposed in clusters termed sori. b. Frond looking like a -leaved GLOVED aisle viadic deblsieis vidcies dulecieies) » Lig QMarstleacese pp, 3L bb. Frond looking more like a typical Fern. c. Frond simple, pinnatipartite.. ccccccccccccscocccecccscsess LO, Polypodiaceae p. 30 ec. Frond compound, at least at base. d. Sori marginal and protected by the more or less revolute margin; pimulae most often discrete and petiolulate ...cccescoccese (fe Pteridaceae p. 22 dd. Sori more or less removed from the flat or revolute margin; limb never divided into entire, discrete and petiolulate leaflets, e. Indusium lacking or attached by a point only ....... 8. Aspidiaceae p. 2h ee. Indusium placed laterally and attached by its whole length. f. Fronds evergreen, 1.5 dm long or less... 9. Aspleniaceae p. 30 ff. Fronds not evergreen, much larger ...se..se- 8. Athyrium p. 29 6. OSMUNDACEAE (FLOWERING FERN FAMILY) Sporangia not aggregated in sori, but disposed continuously along some branches of the rachis. 21 BOTRYCHIUM 142 PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 15, nos 3 1. OSMUNDA L. FLOWERING FERN The fertile pinnae devoid of leafy tissue. abe De Claytoniana L. var. ARRRAR -- Interrupted Fern -- Arather large frond, pinnate, the pinnae pinnatifid. Some fronds are sterile, others are interrupted towards the middle by 2 to | pairs of fertile pinnae. Wet and marshy places. -- L- SPM, NS-seMan, US. Younger fronds of var. Claytoniana exhibit a barely tinted pubescence, merely light brown, while the hymalayan var. vestita (Wall. ) Milde has russet pubescence. 7. PTERIDACEAE (BRACKEN FAMILY) The fertile fronds commonly made of distinct leaflets, more or less entire and petiolulate. Sori marginal, protected by the revolute margin of the limb, or by an indusium, or both. Indu- sium, if present, often more or less continuous along the margin. a. Leaflets strongly asymetrical and bearing sori along’ one .edpevonly 3 ic iis OIneire dese ieetes oa Diemer eee aa. Bearing sori along both sides. b. Frond) 3510 dm High) \eic/cis's'sc cave sie cles ciscesioe Le EteraG num bb. Frond smaller, 2.5 dm high or less. c. Stipe dark, brown to black. d. Segments deeply dissected ...... 2. Cheilanthes ddl, SORMENTS ENTITS Ves elc. decleses cle cites Sere enbecel ape cc. Stipe pale, green to pale green ... h. Cryptogramma 1. PTERIDIUM Gleditsch BRACKEN Scales lacking. Fronds all alike, with deeply divided segments and a continuous marginal sorus,. 1. P. aqualinum (L.) Kuhn var. latiusculum (Desv.) Underw. (Pteris Leper ae Bracken, Brake -- Large coarse fern With a more or less deltoid limb, not tufted, but with a deeply buried elongate rhizome. Limb tripinnatifid to tripinnate, gla- brous or pubescent along the margin and the midnerve below, Light and sendy soils. -- NF-SPM, NS-(PEI-NB)-Q-(0)-sMan, swAlta, US, (CA, Eur) -- Var. champlainense Boivin (var. pubescens AA.) -- Similar but not SeLEOYY a BAe pubescent. Limb rather ovate and puberulent over the whole of the under surface.—Q- seMan, US--Var. pubescens Underw, -- Larger and more pubescent. Frond commonly 1 mm high or more, its growth protracted, the growing tip remaining active a good part of the summer. Limb ovate, pubescent on both surfaces more so below. Waterton. -- (Aka), swAlta-BC, US, (CA). on Our varieties belong to the largely boreal ssp. aquilinum in which the ultimate segments are not wing-decurrent on the lower side or are equally wing-decurrent on both sides. In the mainly austral ssp. caudatum (L.) Bonaparte, the ultimate seg- ments are decurrent on the lower side only, or at least more strongly so on the lower than on the upper side. OSMUNDA 22 1967 Boivin, Flora of Prairie Provinces 143 2. CHEILANTHES Swartz LIP-FERN Margins revolute mostly towards the tips of the lobes of pinnules. Fronds not dimorphous. Np - Fee} Moore -- A small Picea fern, extremely pubes- cent, ae woolly, brown. Limb + tripinnate, gray-tomentose above, densely woolly below. Limestone cliffs: Rockies. -- swAlta-BC, US. 3. PELLAEA Link CLIFF-BRAKE Stipe dark colored. Fronds slightly dimorphic, the fertile ones with the margin of the limb continuously revolute all around the pinnule. i be P. glabella Mett. var. simplex Butters (P. atro urea (ES) Link fee. simplex (Butters) M ae P. Suksdorfiana Butters) -- Rock-Brake -- Stipe brownish, black and shiny. Limb pinnately divided into discrete, pebiolulake » entire leaflets. Rhizome and base of stipe densely scaly. Scales made of linear cells, these 10-15 times as long as wide. Cracks of calcareous rocks, -- swAlta-BC, (wUS) -- Var. nana (Rich) Cody (P. glabella Mett. var. occidentalis (E. Nelson) Butters) -- Usually smaller but the main characters detectable only with a strong hand-lens or binnocular with power about X20; scales with cells oblong-lanceolate and only 3-5 times as long as wide, Lower pinnae often trilobed or trifoliate., -- swMack, Man-Alta, US. Reports of P. atropu urea from northern Saskatchewan are based on specimens (BM, CAN, DAO) which appear to be quite typi- cal of var. nana as to pubescence of stipe and rachis, size and division of the frond, shape of cells of scales, etc. lL, CRYPTOGRAMMA Br. RO CK-BRAKE Stipe pale. Fronds strongly dimorphous, the fertile ones similer to Pellaea minus the dark stipe and rachis. a. Fronds tufted and coriaceous .eeeseceseeeessees Le OC. Crispa aa. Fronds spaced along the rhizome and very thin.2. C. Stelleri 1. C. crispa (L.) Br. var. acrostichoides (Br.) C.B. Clar- ke -~- Mountain-Parsley, Parsley-Fern -- Densely tufted and green, the fertile fronds twice larger and divided into entire, linear, petiolulate leaflets. Limb thickish, that of the fertile fronds strongly revolute. Crevices of dry precambrian and other acidic rocks. -- Mack-Aka, (L, Q)-O-BC, US, (Eur). The eurasian var, crispa has thinner fronds in a lighter green and the basal scales are mostly of a uniform brown colour; the latter are mostly with a paler central zone in our american variety. Reports of this species for Baffin Island are rated as improbable; those for Labrador and Quebec have yet to be verified or confirmed. 2. C, Stejlerj (S.G. Gmelin) Prantl -- Similar but not tufted, the fronds arising singly from an elongate rhizome, Limb 25 CRYPTOGAMMA 1b) PHYTOLOGIA Vol. 15, no. 3 of the sterile frond very filmy. Shaded limestone cliffs. -- Y- Aka, (L)-NF, NS, NB-O, swAlta-BC, US, Bur. The Porter Lake, Sask., reports are not substantiated by any specimen that we know of in Saskatchewan herbaria or else- where. 5. ADIANTUM L. No indusium, but the edge of the leaflets is folded over in a very good imitation of an indusium, the sorus borne under the folded over portion. Revolute margin discontinuous, cut up into 3-6 segments per leaflet. 1.