Oltfp i.H. BtU IGibrara NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES S021 77253 R This book is due on the date indicated unless recalled by the Libraries. Books not returned on time are subject to replacement charges. Borrowers may access their library accounts at: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ads/borrow.html PLANTAE WILSONIANAE PUBLICATIONS OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM, No. 4 PLANTAE WILSONIANAE AN ENUMERATION OF THE WOODY PLANTS COLLECTED IN WESTERN CHINA FOR THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY DURING THE YEARS 1907, 1908, AND 1910 BY E. H. WILSON EDITED BY CHARLES SPRAGUE SARGENT Volume I CAMBRIDGE THE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1913 Part I. (pp. 1-144) issued July 31, 1911 Part II. (pp. 145-312) issued April 30, 1912 Part III. (pp. 313-578) issued May 15, 1913 PREFACE Although important collections of plants had been made in western Szech'uan by the French missionary Armand David as early as 1870, the world knew -little of the remarkable beauty and richness of the flora of west central China until Augustine Henry, an officer of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service stationed at Ichang from 1882 to 1889, sent to England the dried plants which he had collected in western Hupeh. An examination of these collections, the first of which reached England in 1886, disclosed many new genera and a great num- ber of new species. Henry collected only herbarium specimens and a few lily bulbs, and took no steps to introduce into western gardens his remarkable discoveries. It was evident, however, that from no other part of the world could so many new plants suitable to adorn the parks and gardens of temperate climates be found as in western China; and in 1897 I advised the late James H. Veitch, at that time the Managing Director of the well-known nursery firm of James H. Veitch & Sons, of London, to send a collector to Hupeh to collect the seeds of Henry's interesting discoveries, and to make additional observations on the flora of that region. Mr. E. H. Wilson, a student at the Royal College of Science, South Kensington, and previously a young gardener in the Royal Gardens at Kew, then twenty-three years old, was selected on the recommendation of Sir William T. Thiselton-Dyer for the undertaking. He left England on April 11, 1899, traveling by the way of Boston in order to visit the Arboretum, and then, after a short stay in Yunnan, where he went to confer with Dr. Henry, who was then stationed at Szemao, he reached Ichang 8f^8RO VI PREFACE early in February, 1900. The next two years were devoted by him to collecting in the mountains of western Hupeh. From this journey Wilson returned to England in April, 1902, and went to China again in January of the following year with a special commission to collect Meconopsis integrifolia, found only in the alpine regions of the Thibetan border, which he now explored for the first time. During these two journeys Wilson sent to England the seeds of a large number of plants and many lily bulbs, and made a considerable herbarium. His work, how- ever, in western China, was not completed. Under instructions from Mr. Veitch, Wilson had paid attention only to 'plants of supposed horticultural value, and had neglected conifers and many other important plants almost entirely, no one then sus- pecting that on the slopes of the mountains which rise from the plains of China to the Thibetan plateau is probably the greatest aggregation of conifers in the world. It seemed desirable, therefore, that the work which Wilson had so well begun should be completed, and the Arboretum was fortunate in securing his services for another Chinese ex- ploring expedition. He left Boston on this journey on December 31, 1906, and returned in May, 1909. This journey was very successful. He sent back seeds, often in large quantities, of more than 1000 species of trees and shrubs, many lily bulbs, the cuttings of willows and poplars, the roots of a few other trees and shrubs, an herbarium of about 50,000 sheets, and a collection of 720 photographs. In the autumn of 1908, when he was among the forests of conifers, these trees were not bearing cones. It was important that these trees should be introduced into the Arboretum, and in April, 1910, Wilson, for the fourth time, went to China for the purpose of carrying out this plan, returning a year later with large and valuable collections. In the Plantae Wilsonianae is found an account of the speci- mens collected by Wilson in these two journeys, with descriptions of new species and varieties, and the enumeration of several im- portant groups as they are represented in China. It is impos- sible yet to form an accurate opinion of the number of new PEEFACE Vll species discovered by Wilson in his four journeys. It is safe to say that few travelers, however, have discovered as many new plants; certainly no other man has ever introduced so many woody plants of exceptional interest and value into cultivation. This will appear when it is realized that in the first volume of the Plantae Wilsonianae, which we believe contains the enumer- ation of about one-half of Wilson's Arboretum collections, there are described two new genera, two hundred and twenty-five new species and one hundred and sixty-two new varieties of woody plants. In earlier publications have appeared descrip- tions of two new genera and about one hundred new species of woody plants discovered by Wilson in his first journeys. In the preparation of this work the Arboretum is indebted to a number of European specialists who have elaborated several different groups, and I take this opportunity to extend to them the cordial thanks of the Arboretum. C. S. Sargent. May, 1913. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Pinaceae: Pinus 1 Saxifragaceae : Philadelphus, Deutzia, Cardiandra, Hydrangea, Schizophragma, Dichroa, Itea, Ribes 4 Rosaceae: Sorbaria, Rubus, Maddenia, Prunus subgen. Padus 47 Aquifoliaceae : Ilex 76 Aceraceae: Dipteronia, Acer 83 Vitaceae: Tetrastigma, Cayratia, Ampelopsis, Parthenocissus, Vitis 99 Caprifoliaceae : Sambucus, Viburnum, Triosteum, Symphori- carpus, Dipelta, Abelia, Lonicera, Diervilla 106 Saxifragaceae: Philadelphus, Deutzia, Hydrangea, Pilostegia, Decumaria, Ribes 145 Rosaceae: Cotoneaster, Pyracantha, Crataegus, Osteomeles, Photinia, Stranvaesia, Eriobotrya, Amelanchier, Prunus . 154 Flacourtiaceae : Xylosma, Carrieria, Idesia, Poliothyrsis, Itoa 283 Stachyuraceae: Staehyurus 287 Styracaceae : Styrax, Alniphyllum, Pterostyrax 289 Oleaceae: Syringa, Forsythia 297 BiGNONiACEAE : Campsis, Amphicome, Catalpa 303 Caprifoliaceae: Sambucus, Viburnum, Leycesteria 306 Trochodendraceae : Euptelea 313 Cercidiphyllaceae : Cercidiphyllum 316 Ranunculaceae: Paeonia, Clematis 318 Lardizabalaceae : Decaisnea, Stauntonia, Holboellia, Akebia, Sinofranehetia, Sargentodoxa 344 Berberidaceae : Berberis, Mahonia, Nandina 353 Menispermaceae : Sinomenium, Cocculus, Diploclisia, Stepha- nia, Cyclea, Tinospora 387 Magnoliaceae : Magnolia, Michelia, Liriodendron, Kadsura, Schisandra, Illicium, Tetracentron 391 ix X TABLE OF CONTENTS ' Page Caltcanthaceae: Meratia 419 Hamamelidaceae: Liquidambar, Distylium, Corylopsis, Fortu- nearia, Sinowilsonia, Loropetalum, Sycopsis, Hamamelis. . 421 EucoMMiACEAE : Eucommia 433 Rosaceae : Neillia, Stephanandra, Spiraea, Sibiraea, Exochorda, Sorbus 434 Celastraceae : Evonymus 485 Hippocastanaceae: Aesculus 488 Clethraceae: Clethra 501 Ericaceae: Rhododendron, Enkianthus, Cassiope, Pieris, Gaul- theria, Arctous, Vaccinium 503 Loganiaceae: Gardneria, Buddleia 563 Scrophulariaceae : Brandisia, Paulownia 573 Corrections 579 Index 581 PUBLICATIONS OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM, No. 4 PLANTAE WILSONIANAE AN ENUMERATION OF THE WOODY PLANTS COLLECTED IN WESTERN CHINA FOR THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY DURING THE YEARS 1907, 1908, AND 1910 BY E. H. WILSON EDITED BY CHARLES SPRAGUE SARGENT Part I Issued, July 31, 1911 CAMBRIDGE THE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1911 PLANTAE WILSONIANAE, Part I. Issued July 31, 1911 PiNACEAE Pinus by George R. Shaw 1 Saxifragaceae Philadelphus by E. Koehne 4 Deutzia by Alfred Rehder 6 Cardiandra by Alfred Rehder 24 Hydrangea by Alfred Rehder 25 Schizophragma by Alfred Rehder 41 Dichroa by Alfred Rehder 43 Itea by Alfred Rehder 44 Ribes by E. Janczewski 44 ROSACEAE Sorbaria by Alfred Rehder 47 Rubus by W. 0. Focke 48 Maddenia by E. Koehne 56 Prunus Subgen, Padus by E. Koehne 59 Aquifoliaceae by Th. Loesener Ilex 76 Aceraceae by Alfred Rehder Dipteronia - 83 Acer 83 ViTACEAE by F. Gagnepain Tetrastigma 99 Cayratia 99 Ampelopsis 100 Parthenocissus 101 Vitis 102 Caprifoliaceae by Alfred Rehder Sambucus 106 Viburnum 106 Triosteum 116 Syinphoricarpos 117 Dipelta 118 Abelia 118 Lonicera 129 Diervilla . . 144 PINACEAE. PINUS L. Determined by George RnssELL Shaw. Pinus Armandii Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, VII. 95, 96 t. 12 (PL David. I. 285) (1884). Pinus scipioniformis Masters in Bull. Herb. Boissier, VI. 270 (1898). Pinu^ koraiensis Masters in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XXXIII. 34, f. 18, 19 (not Siebold & Zuccarini) (1903). Pinus Mastersiana Hayata in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLIII. 194 (1898). Pinus Armandii, var. Mastersiana Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXV. art. XIX. 215, f. 8 (Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908). Western Hupeh: Sze-kou-tze, east of Hsing-shan Hsien, Decem- ber 1907 (No. 2505); northwest of Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 2000 m., September 1907 (No. 2506); Ta-wan, alt. 1500 m., June and July 1907 (No. 2509); Hsing-shan Hsien, July 1907 (No. 2511). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country and mountains west of Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 1500-2500 m., July and November 1908 (No. 1151); Fei- yueh-ling, Ching-chi Hsien, alt. 2500-2800 m., August 1908 (No. 1387); Pan-lan-shan and Tachien-lu, alt. 2500-3300 m., June and November 1908 (No. 1470). Pinus Bungeana Zuccarini in Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 166 (1847). Western Hupeh: Pa-tung Hsien, November 1907, January 1909 (No. 2512). It is interesting that this species, originally described from cultivated plants near Pekin, was found by Mr. Wilson growing wild on the mountains of Hupeh. Pinus Massoniana Lambert, Gen. Pin. I. 17, t. 12 (1803). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1300-1500 m., July 1907 and January 1909 (No. 1469); Ichang and vicinity, alt. 1000-1500 m., December 1907 (No. 1480); alt. 1300 m., April and December 1907 (No. 1481); alt. up to 1300 m., May and December 1907 (No. 2503); Chang-yang Hsien, alt. 1500 m., November 1907 (No. 1482). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, alt. 1300 m., November 1908 (No. 1378); alt. 1100-1500 m., September 1908 (No. 1476); Kia-ting and vicinity, 1 fc'- >9. MILL, UsH-APY North Carolina State College I WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA west to Mupin, alt. up to 1000 m., May and November 1908 (No. 1468). Kiangsi: foot hills about Kiu-kiang, alt. 300 m., August 1907 (No. 1744). Hongkong: Happy Valley, alt. sea-level-600 m., April 1909 (No. 1483). Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. II. 22, t. 112 (1842). Pinus Henryi Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 550 (1902). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, July 1907 (No. 1484); alt. 1300 m., May 1907 (No. 1490); alt. 1500 m., January 1908 (No. 1495); alt. 1300 m., July 1907 (No. 1497); alt. 1600 m., May 1907 (No. 1498); alt. 1600 m., May 1907 (No. 1499); Sheng-ting-chia, May 1907 (No. 1496); Sze-kou-tze, east of Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1300-2000 m., De- cember 1907, January 1908 (No. 1485); Ma-fou-ling, west of Hsing- shan Hsien, alt. 1500-2000 m., January 1908 (No. i486); alt. 1600 m., January 1908 (No. 1487); Fang Hsien, alt. 1600-2500 m., May 1907 (Nos. 1488, 1494) ; Ta-wan, Patung Hsien, alt. 2200 m.. May, July and December 1907 (No. 1489) ; northwest of Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1600 m., January 1909 (No. 1492). Kiangsi: Ku-ling, alt. 1500 m., July 1907 (No. 1745); alt. 1400 m., August 1907 (No. 1747). Pinus yunnanensis, Franchet in Jour, de Bot. XIII. 253 (1899). Western Szech'uan: Mupin and vicinity, alt. 1600-2300 m., November 1908 (No. 1097); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 1600-2300 m., November 1908 (Nos. 1369, 1370); 12 kilometers from Mupin, Yung-tsen, alt. 1300 m., November 1908 (No. 1376); Mupin, alt. 1300-1600 m., November 1908 (Nos. 1390, 1395); alt. 1300-2000 m. (No. 1399); alt. 1600 m. (No. 1464); Nitou, Chin-chi Hsien, alt. 1500-1600 m., November 1908 (No. 1393); Malie, Wa-shan, alt. 1600 m., November 1908 (No. 1394); Tung Valley, alt. 1300-1600 m., November 1908 (No. 1396); Wa-shan, alt. 1600 m., September 1908 (No. 1471); Mupin, alt. 1500-2000 m., November 1908 (No. 1472); descent from Tachien-lu, alt. 2300 m., August 1908 (No. 2501). Pinus densata Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXXVII. 416 (1906). Pinus prominens Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXXVII. 417 (1906). Western Szech'uan: Chito village, 16 kilometers west of Ta- chien-lu, alt. 3300 m., July 1908 (No. 905); Wa-ssu country, Wen- chuan Hsien, alt. 1600-2300 m., November 1908 (No. 1368); 20 kilometers north of Tachien-lu, alt. 2800-3300 m., October 1908 (No. 1397); Tung Valley, alt. 1100 m., October 1908 (No. 1398); Orang- PINACEAE. — PINUS 3 che, Valley of Ya-lung, type locality, alt. 3000-3G00 m., October 1908 (Nos. 1465, 1466, 1467, 1478); alt. 4000 m. (No. 1479); forests of Ta-pao-shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, alt. 3500 m., July 1908 (No. 1491); descent of Hsao-ehin-ho, Mou-kong-ting, alt. 2300-2600 m., June 1908 (No. 1500); north of Tachien-lu, alt. 3300 m., July 1908 (No. 2502) ; Moshi mien, southeast of Tachien-lu, alt. lGOO-2000 m., October 1908 (No. 2504); Sung-pan, alt. 2600-3000 m., 1910 (No. 4055); no locality, 1910 (No. 4073). Pinus Wilsonii Shaw, n. sp. Arbor excelsa foliis geminis rigidis 7-10 cm. longis, canalibus resini- feris numerosis in textura virente externis, strobilis solitariis v. 2-3 verticillatis, junioribus subterminalibus mucronatis, adultis 4-6 cm. longis ovato-conicis obtusis subconformatis pedunculatis patulis v. reflexis persistentibus in aetate matura dehiscentibus, squamarum apophysi subelevato-pyramidata nitido-fusca, umbone prominente saepe mucronato. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, alt. 1600-2300 m., May and July 1908 (No. I475); Wa-shan, alt. 2000 m., September 1908 (No. 1477); Mao-chou, alt. 1900 m., May 1908, type specimen (No. 1493); Niu-tow-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2300 m., June 1908 (No. 2500); Min Valley, 1910 (No. 4056). In many particulars this Pine resembles the previous species and ultimately may be united with it; the principal difference lies in its subsymmetrical cone and its possibly invariable number of fascicle leaves. The species is established on the representation of Mr. Wilson, who considers it entirely distinct from all the other Pines that he has seen in China. SAXIFRAGACEAE. PHILADELPHUS L. Determined by E. Koehne. Philadelphus subcanus Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 83 (1904). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 369 (1905). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., June 1908 (No. 3039); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2100-2400 m., June 1908 (No. 3040); southeast of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 1800-2300 m., June 1908 (No. 3042); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 1800- 2300 m., July 1908 (No. 3043). I formerly found the style pilose, but now I find it glabrous in some flowers of Wilson's specimens. Philadelphus subcanus, var. dubius Koehne, n. var. Ramuli floriferi etiam infra racemum laxe pilosi (in typo ibidem glabri). Folia subtus etiam inter nervos dense pilosa, interdum etiam supra pilosa. Stylus saepe glaber. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 1500-2300 m., June 1908 (No. 3044); Min valley, Kuan Hsien, alt. 900 m., June 2, 1908 (No. 3045). By its leaves being pilose also on the upper surface this variety seems to ap- proach P. Magdalenae Koehne, but in that species the ovaries and sepals are brown- ish violet outside which I have never observed in P. subcanus. No. 3045 and part of No. 3044 have the leaves on the upper surface and the style glabrous, while one part of No. 3044 has the leaves above and the style at the base pilose. Philadelphus Wilsonii Koehne, n. sp. Frutex 2 m. v. 3.3-6 m. altus; cortex ramorum biennium persistens albido-griseus; ramuli juveniles sub anthesi [innovationes desideran- tur] fusci glabri; gemmae absconditae. Petioli 8-12 mm. longi cras- siusculi, subtus laxe subaccumbenti-pilosi ; lamina e basi rotundata v. contracta ovato-oblonga v. ovato-elliptica, 10-16 cm. longa, 4.8-7.6 cm. lata, infimis supremisque binis exceptis multoties minoribus, leviter longiuscule v. breviter acuminata, denticulata denticulis sat remotis ad mucronem reductis, supra pilis brevissimis remotissimis 4 SAXIFRAGACEAE. — PHILADELPHUS 5 conspcrsa, subtus in costa nervis venisque validioribus sat dense, inter venas laxius molliuscule pilosa, fructificationis tempore subglabra, membranacea, nervorum paribus 2 rarius 3. Racemi 13-14 cm. longi, laxi, 9-11-flori, axi glabro v. pilis remotissimis paucissimis con- sperso; florum paria 1-2 infima foliis magnis, sequens foliis parvis, cetera bracteis hypsophylloideis fugacibus suffulta; pedicelli in- feriores 10-15 mm. longi, ceteri subdecrescentes, pilis erecto-patenti- bus subcinerei; ovarium 5 mm. longum, ut sepala ad 7 mm. longa fuscescens pilis mollibus teneris accumbentibus breviusculis sub- cinerea; sepala intus basi excepta albo-tomentosa; corolla alba, circiter 3.3 cm. lata, petala ovali-orbicularia; stamina circ. 28, dimi- diam petalorum partem paullo superantia ad 9 mm. longa; stylus 9-11 mm. longus stamina aequans v. paullo superans, basi, ut discus sat planus, molliter pilosus (in fructibus vero pilos non vidi), usque ad stigmata indivisus; stigmata secus marginem exteriorem antheras longitudine aequantia. Capsula 9-12 mm. longa, apice convexo glabro sepalorum insertionem triente fere superans. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 1500-2700 m., July 1908 (No. 3041). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, alt. 2100 m., November 1907 (No. 581). Allied to P. subcanus from which it chiefly differs in the unusually large leaves of the flowering branchlets. No. 581, though differing from the type in the subglabrous leaves and the glabrous apex of the fruit, probably belongs to this species. Philadelphus incanus Koehne in Gartenfl. XLV. 562 (excludenda planta Henry No. 8823 quae ad P. subcanum pertinet) (1896). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 370 (1905). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1800 m., June and October 1907 (No. 574), April 1907 (No. 3048), May 1907 (No. 3054), July 1907 (No. 3055); north of Ichang, thickets, alt. 1200- 2100 m., July and November 1907 (No. 583) ; north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 1200-1800 m., June 1907 (No. 3049); Fang Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 1500-2100 m., July 1907 (No. 3047); Changyang Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m., June 1907 (No. 3050) ; Chang-lo Hsien, alt. 600-1200 m., June 1907 (No. 3051), alt. 1200-1800 m., June 1907 (No. 3052); Patung Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200 m., July 1907 (No. 3053). Besides in other characters it differs from P. subcanus in the longer and more rigid hairs which cover the ovary and the sepals. Philadelphus brachybotrys Koehne, n. sp. Philadelphus pekinensis, var. brachybotrys Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 84 (1904). — Schneider, ///. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 373 (1901). 6 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA This is not a variety of P. pekinensis Ruprecht (sect. Coronarii), but belongs to the section Satsumani, on account of the two years old branches having a close gray or brownish gray bark often divided by numerous horizontal cracks, PhUadelphus brachybotrys, var. purpurascens Koehne, n. var. Frutex 1.4-6 m. altus. Petioli in ramulis florentibus 1-2 mm. longi, laxe pilosi v. glabri, in innovationibus ad 4 mm. longi, laxe pilosi; lamina in innovationum foliis 3.5-5 cm. longa, 1.3-2.2 cm. lata, utrin- secus dentes 3-8 ad 0.6 mm. longos gerens, ciliata, in ramulorum florent- ium foliis 0.8-3.2 cm. longa, 0.5-1.7 cm. lata, denticulis minutis paucis, supra ut in typo laxe pilosa, subtus vero nonnisi in nervis primariis pilis longiusculis rigidis accumbentibus obsita v. interdum glabra; nervorum paria plerumque 2. Ramuli florentes 3-8.5 cm. longi ad- jecto racemo 2-4.5 cm. longo 3-7-floro, axi glabro; pedicelli infimi 6-8 mm. longi, glabri, ut axis ovaria sepalaque saepe purpurascentes; corolla alba 1.8-2.7 cm. diam,, petala ovali-rotundata, 10-14 mm. longa, 8-10 mm. lata; stamina 32, 33. Stylus vix ultra medium in- divisus. Fructus 8 mm. longus, 6 mm. diam., tertia parte convexa sepalorum insertionem superans. Western Szech'uan: Ta-p'ao-shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2750-3200 m., July 3, 1908 (No. 3046); west of Tachien- lu, thickets, alt. 3000 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1346). DEUTZIA Thunb. Determined by Alfred Rehder. Deutzia scabra Thunberg, Fl Jap. 185, t. 24 (1784). — Lindley in Bot. Reg. XX. t. 1713 (1835). — Hooker in Bot. Mag. LXVII. t. 3838 (1841). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXXIII. 276 (1887).— Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk., I. 379, fig. 242 1-q, 243 a-f (1905). D. crenata Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl Jap., I. 19, t. 6 (1835). — Maximowicz in Mim. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. s6t. 7, X. No. XVI. 22, t. 2, fig. 27-31 (1867). Deutzia Fortunei, Carriere in Rev. Hort., 1866, p. 338. Kiangsi: Ruling, abundant, alt. 1200 m., July 29, 1907 (No. 1569). Kiangsu: Stronach (ex Hemsley). The Kiangsi specimen has remarkably large capsules, about 7 mm. in diameter, and large leaves ovate-oblong to lanceolate and broadly cuneate at the base. Hemsley cites also specimens from Hupeh and Formosa; the first quotation prob- ably refers to the following species, the second to D. iaiwanensis. \ SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA / Deutzia Schneideriana Rehder, n. sp. Deutzia staminea Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 277 (not R. Brown) (_18S8). Deulzia crenala Hemsley, I. c. (in part as to the Hupeh specimens) (not Siebold & Zuccarini). Fmtex 1-2 m. altus ramulis fusco-purpureis, initio sparse stellato- pilosis, mox glabrescentibus, vetustioribus griseo-brunncis cortice detersili. Gemmae pluri-perulatae, stellato-pilosae. Folia subchar- tacea, elliptico-ovata, interdum ovata v. elliptico-oblonga, breviter acuminata, basi late cuneata v. interdum rotundata, argute serru- lata, 3.5-7 cm. longa et 1.5-3 cm. lata, supra pilis 5-6-radiatis laxe conspersa, subtus canescentia v. albida, dense pilis 12-14-radiatis ob- tecta, ad venas pilis longis simplicibus instructa, utrinsecus 4-6-cos- tata; petioli parce stellato-pilosi, 3-4 mm. longi. Inflorescentia late paniculata, 3-6 cm. longa; calyx hemisphericus, dense stellato-pilosus dentibus triangularibus tubum subaequantibus ; petala oblonga, circa 10 mm. longa, extus stellato-pilosa; stamina longiora petalis quarta parte breviora v. interdum fere aequantia, filamentis dilatatis apice manifeste dentatis dentibus antheram vix attingentibus ; styli plerumque 3, graciles, stamina subaequantes. Capsula hemispherica, apice leviter contracta, 5-7 mm. diam., calyce deciduo. Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m., June 1907 (No. 2889, type) ; without locality, June 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 2152, 2152'^); Ichang, A. Heriry (No. 3571); without locality, A. Henry (No. 1968). Most nearly related to D. scabra Thunberg, which is easily distinguished by the leaves being only sparingly stellate-pubescent and therefore green on the under- side, without simple hairs on the veins, by their crenulate-serrate margin with ap- pressed serratures and by the narrow, nearly cyUndric panicles, while the related D. hypoleuca Maximowicz differs in its five styles and narrow panicles. I take pleasure in associating with this species the name of Mr. C. K. Schneider whose "Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattimg Deutzia" (in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 172-188 (1904) is a valuable contribution to the knowledge of this genus. Deutzia Schneideriana, var. laxiflora Rehder, n. var. A typo differt praecipue foliis subtus viridibus, sparsius stellato- pilosis, paniculis laxioribus latioribusque. Frutex 2-2.5 m. altus. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, remote et irregulariter denticulata, 5-7 cm. longa et 1.5-2.3 cm. lata, supra pilis 4-5-radiatis sparsius, subtus pilis 10-12-radiatis densius conspersa. Panicula 6-9 cm. longa et 5-8 cm. lata, ramulis infimis floribus inclusis 4-5 cm. longis; petala 12-14 mm. longa, acutiuscula. Capsula 5 mm. diam. Ceterum ut in typo. 8 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, alt. 900-1400 m., June and December 1907 (No. 767). Differs from the type chiefly in the leaves being on their under side only spar- ingly stellate-pubescent and therefore green, and in the looser and broader panicles . Deutzia pilosa Rehder, n. sp. Frutex metrahs ramuHs fuscis, junioribus pilis longis patentibus ferrugineis instructis, secundo anno tarde glabrescentibus. Folia brevissime petiolata, membranacea, ovata v. ovali-ovata v. oblongo- ovata, longe acuminata acumine saepe falcato, basi rotundata v. subcordata, argute mucronulato-serrulata, 3-6.5 cm. longa et 1.5-3 cm. lata, concoloria, supra pilis stellatis 3-4-radiatis et insuper radio central! longiore instructis, subtus piUs 4-6-radiatis radio centrali in- structis conspersa et ad venas pilis simplicibus patentibus praedita; petioli dense pilosi, 1-2 mm. longi. Cyma 3-9-flora, rarius uniflora, bracteis lineari-lanceolatis v. ebracteata, pilis ferrugineis patentibus instructa, pedunculo gracili, 1.5-3.5 cm. longo; flores graciliter pedi- cellati; dentes calycis late ovati subito breviter acuminata, tubo dense pube homomorpha v. interdum heteromorpha obtecto dimidio breviores; petala oblongo-ovata, circa 8 mm. longa, extus dense stel- lato-pilosa; stamina petalis fere dimidio breviora, filamentis exteriorum manifeste dentatis dentibus lanceolatis falcatis antheram fere ses- silem multo superantibus, interiorum lanceolatis antheram faciei interiori circa medium affixam gerentibus; styli 3-4, staminibus multo breviora, 1.5 mm. longa. Capsula subglobosa, circa 5 mm. diam., calycis dentibus persistentibus incurvis. Western Szech'uan: west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200- 1500 m., June 19, 1903 (No. 2896, type); Mt. Omei, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4884). In its spreading pilose ferrugineous pubescence and its long peduncled few- flowered inflorescence this is very unUke any other species. No. 4884 differs from the type somewhat in the heteromorphous pubescence of the calyx and in the less marked development of the central ray of the hairs on the upper side of the leaves. Deutzia setchuenensis Franch., var. longidentata Rehder, n. var. Folia ovata v. oblongo-ovata, rarius oblongo-lanceolata, 4-8 cm. longa, concoloria, supra pilis plerumque 4-radiatis, subtus plerumque 6-radiatis, 5-7-radiatis rarius 8-radiatis interspersis, radio centrali destitutis conspersa. Cyma pauciflora, longe pedunculata, pedicellis gracilibus; filamenta staminum exteriorum dentibus lanceolatis an- theram multo superantibus, interiorum lanceolata antheram faciei in- teriori infra medium affixam gerentia; ceterum ut in typo. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA 9 Western Szech'uan: Chin-ting-shan, thickets, alt. 1200-1500 m., May 25, 1908 (No. 2895). Differs from the type chiefly in its elongated filaments much exceeding the anthers as well in the interior as in the exterior stamens, in the smaller cymes and in the green only sparingly stellate-pubescent under side of the leaves. This may be a distinct species, if the characters should prove to be constant, but as the ma- terial at hand is meagre and does not seem of quite normal development, it may be referred provisionally to D. selchuenensis as a variety. Deutzia setchuenensis var. corymbiflora Rehder, n. var. Deutzia corymbiflora Lemoine in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, XXIII. 121; XXIV. 265, fig. 76 (1898); in Rev. Hort., 1898, 401, fig. 138; in Rev. Hart. Belg. XXV. 67 (1898). — Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 180 (1904). Deutzia setchuenensis Hutchinson in Bot. Mag. CXXXV. t. 8255 (1909). Deutzia corymbiflora erecta Lemoine in Jour. Soc. Hort. France, s6t. 4, III. 308 (1902). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1500 m., June 1910 (No. 4486). — Originally introduced into cultivation from east- ern Szech'uan. Differs from the type chiefly in the denser more or less heteromorphous pu- bescence of the leaves and the many-flowered inflorescence with the pedicels as long or shorter than the calyx. Deutzia corymbiflora erecta Lemoine differs slightly in its more ascending branchlets, smaller inflorescence and narrower leaves with sometimes nearly homomorphous pubescence. The Deutzia figured by Burvenich (in Rev. Hort. Belg. XXVII. 157, t.) as D. corymbiflora does not belong here, but is apparently D. purpurascens (Franchet) Rehder or one of its hybrids. Deutzia coriacea Rehder, n. sp. Frutex metralis ramulis annotinis cinereo-fuscis peridermate tarde decorticante, hornotinis fusco-flavidis glabris. Gemmae parvae perulis 4 exterioribus stellato-pilosis. Folia coriacea partim per secundum annum persistentia, ovata, acuminata, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, spinoso-dentata, 3-5.5 cm. longa et 2-3 cm. lata, supra glaberrima, nitida, flavido-viridia, subtus pallide viridia, pilis minutis, 5-7-radiatis conspersa, utrinsecus 4-6-costata; petioli purpurascentes, glabri, 5-7 mm. longi. Cymae e gemmis lateralibus et terminalibus aphyllis orientes, pedunculo 2-5 mm. longo, rarius longiori insidentes, 5-9- florae; flores desiderantur. Capsulae breviter pedicellatae, ovoideo- hemisphericae leviter costatae, circa 4 mm. longae, pube homomorpha stellate vestitae; calycis dentes capsula dimidio breviores, late triangu- lares, erecti v. leviter incurvi; styli 3, circa 2 mm. longi, persistentes. Eastern Szech'uan: Taning Hsien, limestone cliffs, alt. 600 m., June 26, 1910 (No. 4481). Deutzia coriacea is a very striking species with its coriaceous lustrous almost spiny fohage; it is most nearly related to D. Fargesii Franchet, which is easily dia- 10 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA tinguished by its long-peduncled lax inflorescence and by the narrower, thinner, denticulate, scarcely lustrous leaves. Deutzia Fargesii Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. 281 (1890). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m., June 1910 (No. 4488). EasternSzech'uan: Ky-min-se, near Chang-k'on, R. P. Farges (No. 1043). Franchet describes the leaves "utraque facie glabra " but they are on the under side rather densely covered with closely appressed, minute, 6-7-radiate hairs, hardly visible to the naked eye. Deutzia glomeruliflora Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, VIII. 236 {PI David. II. 54) (1885). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, April 1869, A. David (ex Franchet); Mupin, thickets, alt. 1800-2100 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1188); Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 1800-2500 m., June 1908 (No. 2891), alt. 1300-2700 m., June 1908 (No. 2901); valley of Hsao-chin Ho, near Monkong Ting, alt. 2100-2400 m., June 1908 (No. 2899); Cheto- shan, southwest of Tachien-lu, alt. 3500 m., October 1910 (No. 4383); no locality, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3568). Yunnan: woods near Fang-yang-chang, alt. 3000 m., June 7, 1888, J. M. Delavay. Wilson's specimens show a wide range of variation. His No. 2S91, with its small and dense inflorescences on short branchlets bearing only a few small leaves and sometimes nearly leafless, seems nearest to the type. All his specimens, however, have the flowers larger than those described by Franchet, particularly No. 2901, which has the petals 14 mm. long and 10 mm. broad. Sometimes, as in No. 2899, the flowers are borne on elongated branchlets with three pairs of well developed leaves. This tends to show that the type specimen does not present the normal development of the species, but a somewhat abnormal precocious state, as may be inferred from the fact that the type specimen was collected in April, while Wilson's flowering specimens were aU gathered in June. No. 1188 has the pubescence of the calyx heteromorphous, as described by Franchet, while in the other specimens the pubescence is homomorphous except in Delavay's specimen from Yunnan, which differs besides in its broader leaves. Deutzia glomeruliflora x longifolia Rehder, n. hybr. Frutex 2 m. altus ramulis rubro-fuscis, junioribus stellato-pilosis, annotinis peridermate solubili. Folia ovato-oblonga v. ovato-lanceo- lata, acuminata, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, argute serrata, 2.5-5 cm. longa et 1-1.5 cm. lata, supra laete viridia piHs 4-5-radiatis conspersa, subtus pallidiora v. canescentia pilis 5-8-radiatis partim radio centrali instructis et ad venas etiam simplicibus et fasciculatis interspersis obtecta; petioli stellato-pilosi, circa 2 m. longi. Cyma convexa, in apice ramulorum brevium; pedicelli plerumque tubum calycis aequantibus; calycis dentes lanceolati tubum pube hetero- SAXIFRAGACEAE . — DEUTZIA 1 1 morpha praeditum superantes; petala 10-14 mm. longa, extusplerum- que purpurascentia; stamina dimidiis petalis vix longiora, exteriora filamentorum dentibus antheram fere aequantibus v. superantibus, interiora filamentis lanceolatis antheram longe superantibus; styli stamina subaequantes. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, alt. 1200-1800 m., May 1908 (No. 2893); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m., July 1908 (No. 2890) ; Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m., June 20, 1908 (No. 2900). Wilson's No. 2993, from which the description given above is drawn, is in its characters clearly intermediate between D. glomeruliflora Franchet and D. longi- folia Franchet, and I have no doubt that it is a hybrid between these two species, both of which have been collected in the neighborhood of Tachien-lu. The other two numbers seem closer to D. longifolia and may possibly represent a white-flowered variety of that species, though they differ in the pubescence. The intermediate character of the hybrid is most clearly shown in the hairs of the under side of the leaves, which have 4-6 rays in D. glomeruliflora and 12-14 in D. longifolia, while in No. 2993 they have 5-8 rays and in the other two numbers 8-10 rays. The flowers are white in the first species, purplish outside in the second species, and slightly purplish in No. 2993, while in the two other numbers they are white as in D. glomeruliflora. In habit the hybrid resembles most the last named species. The species of Deutzia are known to hybridize easily in cultivation, and they seem to do the same in a wild state if they have the opportunity, for besides the hybrid described here, another hybrid, between D. discolor and D. mollis, described below, has been collected in a wild state. Deutzia subsessilis Rehder, n. sp. Frutex 1.5 m. altus ramulis gracilibus, junioribus parcissime stellato- pilosis, annotinis cortice detersili fusco praeditis. Gemmae perulis ovatis aeutis stellato-pilosis. Folia membranacea, oblongo-ovata, acuminata acumine obtuso mucronulato, basi rotundata, argute ser- rulata, 3-6 cm. longa et 1.5-2.5 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia v. flavo-viridia, pilis sparsis plerumque 4-radiatis conspersa, subtus pallidiora, pilis 4-5-radiatis laxe conspersa et sub lente minute punctu- lata, utrinsecus 4-5-costata; petioli in ramulis floriferis subnuUis, in innovationibus circa 1 mm. longi, parce stellato-pilosi. Cyma pluriflora, convexa, plerumque sessilis, parce stellato-pilosa; pedicelli graciles; caljrx stellato-tomentosus, dentibus triangularibus tubo aequilongis v. paullo longioribus trinerviis; petala oblonga, 10 mm. longa et 6-7 mm. lata, alba, extus stellato-pilosa; stamina petala dimidia aequantia, fila- menta exteriorum apice manifeste bidentata dentibus triangularibus antheram breviter stipitatam subaequantibus, interiorum anguste oblonga, antheram faciei interiori circa medium affixam gerentia; styli 3, stamina subaequantes. Capsulae maturae desunt. 12 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Western Szech'uan: Mupin, alt. 1800 m., June 1908 (No. ii88«). From all the allied species this is easily distinguished by the nearly sessile leaves of the flowering branches; the other species with nearly sessile leaves, D. pilosa Rehder, D. Fabcri Rehder, and D. Sieholdiana Maximowicz, are too different to be confounded with D. subsessilis. Deutzia discolor Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 275 (1887). Hupeh: Patung distr., A. Henry (Nos. 5426, 5718); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1500 m., June and November 1807 (No. 570, 2886, 2887, 2888); without locality (Veitch Exped. Nos. 190, 710, 1916^ 2335, 2335^). Southern Shensi: Mt. Tun-u-sse, June 16-18, 1894, G. Giraldi (No. 771). Deutzia discolor shows considerable variation in the size of the flowers, density and size of the inflorescence and in the shape of the filaments. A very large-flow- ered form has been distinguished as D. discolor var. major Veitch, Cat. 1905, fig. ex Kew Bull. Misc. Inform., 1906, appx. I. 67; Novelties for 1907, 14. The No. 2887 has the flowers white and pink, but does not differ otherwise from D. discolor. Deutzia densiflora, Rehder, n. sp. Frutex bimetralis ramulis robustis, junioribus floriferis glabris v. fere glabris, foliiferis parce stellato-pilosis, annotinis rubro-fuscis cor- tice detersili. Gemmae perulis late ovatis abrupte acuminulatis stel- lato-pilosis. Folia membranacea, ovato-oblonga v. oblonga, acuta v. breviter acuminata, basi rotundata v. interdum late cuneata, argute serrulata, 4-7 cm. longa et 1.5-2.8 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, pilis 4-5-radiatis sparse conspersa, subtus canescentia, dense pilis 9-12-radiatis obtecta, utrinsecus 5-6-costata; petioli stellato-pilosi, 2-4 mm. longi. Cyma densa, late pyramidalis, ad 7 cm. longa et 6 cm. diam., fere glabra, in apice ramulorum perbrevium plerumque paribus foliorum duobus in axillis cymas partiales gerentibus instruc- torum; pedicelli stellato-pilosi, tubum calycis stellato-pilosi sub- aequantes, dentes calycis ovati, abrupte acuminulati, tubo paullo breviores; petala elliptico-oblonga, alba, extus sparse stellato-pilosa, 8-9 mm. longa; stamina petalis tertia parte breviora, filamenta exteriorum apice manifeste dentata, dentibus triangularibus stipitem antherae plerumque subaequantibus v. paullo superantibus, interiorum an- guste oblonga, apice obtusa v. obsolete denticulata, antheram circa medium affixam gerentia; styli 3, staminibus longioribus paullo breviores. Capsulae maturae desiderantur. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, side of streams, alt. 1200- 1500 m., May 19, 1907 (No. 2885). SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA 13 Allied to Deutzia discolor Hemsley, which ia easily distinguished by its looser cymes, lanceolate calyx-teeth and by the interior filaments not exceeding the anthers and usually bidentate. Deutzia longifolia Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s6t. 2, VIII. 235 (PL David. II. 53) (1885). Szech'uan: Mupin, David (ex Franchet); Mupin, thickets, alt. 1500-2300 m., June and October 1908 (No. ii86); southeast of Ta- chien-lu, thickets, alt. 1800-2700 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1321, 1322, 2892); Wa-shan, thickets, common, alt. 1500-1800 m., June and November 1908 (No. 1340); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2400-2700 m., October 1910 (Nos. 4298, 4326); Sungpan, thickets, alt. 2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4300); without locaHty, July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3567, 3567^); Tachien-lu, A. E. Pratt (No. 677). Though Wilson's specimens differ from the description of D. longifolia Franchet, of which I have not seen the type, in the broader leaves and larger flowers, I have no doubt that they must be referred to this species. The leaves of Wilson's speci- mens are sometimes ovate-oblong and 3 cm. broad and the petals attain 14 mm. in length. From the allied species D. longifolia is readily distinguished by the narrower, rather thickish leaves, rugose above and with strongly elevated veins on the whitish under side, by the heteromorphous pubescence of the under side, the purplish flowers in many-flowered panicuhform cymes usually loose and borne on elongated branchlets, but sometimes rather dense and on short branchlets, by the usually four styles and larger capsules measuring about 6 mm. in diameter. Deutzia mollis Duthie in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XL. 238 (1906). Hupeh: without locality (Veitch Exped. Nos. 1959, 2282, type); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., June 1907 (No. 2894). A natural hybrid of this species with D. discolor is described below. Deutzia rubens Rehder, n. sp. Frutex metralis ramulis gracilibus rubro-fuscis, junioribus sparsis- sime stellato-pilosis, mox glabrescentibus, annotinis cortice detersili. Gemmae perulis numerosis lanceolatis, acuminatis, exterioribus glabris, obscure castaneis. Folia membranacea, oblonga v. ovato- oblonga, acuminata, basi plerumque attenuata, rarius rotundata, argute minuteque serrulata serraturis plerumque purpureis, 4-7 cm. longa et 1.5-3 cm. lata, subconcoloria, utrinque sparse stellato-pilosa, supra plerumque pilis 4-radiatis, subtus 5-6-radiatis insuperque minute punctulata, utrinsecus 5-6-costata; petioli sparse stellato- pilosi, 2-4 mm. longi. Cyma pluriflora v. multiflora, convexa, parce stellato-pilosa, plerumque breviter pedunculata; pedicelli graciles, ad 2.5 cm. longi; calycis stellato-pilosi dentes ovati, subito acuminulati, 14 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA tubum subaequilongi v. paullo tantum breviores; petala obovata, 10 mm. V. interdum 5 mm. longa, 7-8 mm. lata, alba, extus rubescentia et sparse stellato-pilosa; stamina petalis tertia parte breviora, fila- menta exteriorum apice obtusa v. obsolete 2-3-dentata, antheram breviter stipitatam paullo infra apicem affixam gerentia, interiorum antheram circa medium affixam gerentia; styli tres, stamina sub- aequantes. Capsula hemispherica, 4-5 mm. diam. lobis diu persistenti- bus reflexis, demum deciduis. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, cliffs, alt. 2100-2700 m., June 1908 (No. 2902, type); Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m. (No. 2898); Chin Ting-shan, thickets, alt. 1800 m.. May 23, 1908 (No. 2897); Wa-shan, alt. 3000 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3566). Hup eh; without locality (Veitch Exped. No. 1919). Related to D. corymbosa R. Brown and D. parviflora Bunge, from both of which it is easily distinguished by the hairs on the under side of the leaves having only 5-6 rays, by the filaments extending undivided above the insertion of the anthers, and by the color of the flowers. The flowers vary greatly in size; in the type the petals are 10 mm. long, while in No. 2897 they are scarcely 5 mm. long and shghtly longer in No. 3566; in No. 1919 they are 7 mm. long. No. 3586 differs besides in its smaller leaves nearly glabrous beneath. SYNOPSIS OF THE CHINESE DEUTZIAS. While determining the Deutzias of the Wilson collection I have found a large amount of undetermined material which led me to a closer study of all the Chinese species. The results of this study are embodied in the following key and enumera- tion of the Chinese species. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Praefioratio induplicato-valvata Sect. I. EUDEUTZIA. * Inflorescentia manifeste paniculata, sessilis; calycis dentes tubo breviores; filamenta dentata v. edentata, antheram non superantia. Subsect. 1. SCABRAE. Folia pube dimorpha instructs, pilis subtus 10-15-radiatis. Folia dense serrulata. Panicula angusta; folia crenato-serrulata, subtus sparse stellato-pilosa, viridia, pihs simplicibus destituta 1. D. scabra. Panicula late pyramidaUs; foUa argute serrulata, subtus dense stellato- pilosa, canescentia (in varietate viridia), piUs simpUcibus ad venas instructa 2. D. Schneideriana. Folia remote denticulata. Styli plerumque 3; petioli 1-3 mm. longi; folia utrinsecus 5-6-costata. 3. D. ningpoensis. Styli plerumque 5; petioU 5-10 mm. longi; folia utrinsecus 8-12-co8tata. 4. D. pulchra. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA 15 Folia pube homomorpha instructa, pilis subtus 4-7-radiatis. Filamenta edentata, petalis aequilonga; folia superiora ramulorum flori- ferorum subsessilia 5. D. Faberi. Filamenta dentata, petalis breviora; folia omnia petiolata. 6. D. taiwanensis. Inflorescentia corymbiformis v. cymosa; filamenta staminum saltern interiorum antheram saepe superantia. t Inflorescentia multiflora v. pluriflora, rarius pauciflora. X Dentes calycis triangulares v. late ovati, dimidium tubum vix superantes; inflorescentia cymosa, laxa, plerumque pedunculata et saepe pauci- flora; filamenta staminum interiorum antheram superantia, apice indivisa v. irregulariter dentata. Subsect. 2. CYMOSAE. Pubes stellata pilis patentibus simplicibus ferrugineis interspersa; folia brevissime petiolata; cyma pauciflora, longe pedunculata. 7. D. pilosa. Pubes omnino stellata, heteromorpha v. homomorpha, pilis ferrugineis destituta. Folia membranacea, denticulato-serrulata, utrinque stellato-pilosa pube saepe heteromorpha. Flores albi; calycis dentes tubum dimidum vix aequantes; folia sub- tus cinereo-viridia 8. D. setchuenensis. Flores rosei; calycis dentes tubum dimidium superantes; cyma multiflora ramis pedicellisque purpurascentibus; folia subtus albido-glaucescentia 9. Z). Silvestrii. Folia coriacea v. chartacea, supra glabra v. fere glabra, persistentia, subtus pilis stellatis minutis homomorphis vestita. Cymae densae, breviter pedunculatae; folia coriacea nitida, spinoso-dentata, ovata 10. D. coriacea. Cymae laxae, longe pedunculatae; folia chartacea, denticulato- serrata, oblongo-lanceolata 11. D. Fargesii. XX Dentes calycis lanceolati v. oblongo-ovati tubum aequantes v. super- antes, rarius paullo breviores; inflorescentia late pyramidalis, sessilis, plerumque satis densa, multiflora, rarius pauciflora (in No. 14). Subsect. 3. STENOSEPALAE. Pubes homomorpha v. fere homomorpha, pili paginae inferioris foH- orum 4-6-radiati, interdum 7-radiatis interspersis. Folia pube heteromorpha vestita, subtus moUiter pubescentia; filamenta staminum interiorum lanceolata; flores albi. 12. D. glomeruliflora. FoUa pube homomorpha vestita subtus pilis stellatis adpressis con- spersa; filamenta staminum interiorum anguste oblonga, apice truncata et irregulariter denticulata. Folia subsessilia, basi rotundata, subtus pilis 4-5-radiatis prae- dita; flores albi 13. D. subsessilis. Folia petiolata, basi plerumque late cuneata, subtus pilis 5-7- radiatis praedita; flores extus purpurascentes; cyma interdum pauciflora 14. D. purpurascens. Pubes manifcste dimorpha, pili paginae inferioris cinerascentis v. albidae foliorum 8-12-radiati. Filamenta staminum interiorum apice bidentata dentibus antheram non superantibus v. infra apicem subito contracta. 16 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Filamenta fere edentata apicem versus attenuata v. infra apicem abrupte contracta et tantum angulata angulis haud productis. Calycia denies tubo paullo breviores, ovato-oblongi, obtusius- culi; cyma laxa pedicellis gracilibus, 6-10 mm. longis. 15. D. Wilsonii. Calycis dentes tubum aequantes v. paullo superantes; cyma densa, pedicellis circa 5 mm. longis. 16. D. globosa. Filamenta apice dentata; calycis dentes lanceolati. Pedicelli circa 10 mm. longi; cyma laxa; petala paten tia; dentes filamentorum stipite antherae multo breviores. 17. D. Vilmorinae. Pedicelli circa 5 mm. longi; .cyma satis densa. Dentes filamentorum breves, antheram vix attingentes; petala margine reflexa 18. D. reflexa. Dentes filamentoriun elongati, antherae basin superantes, rarius paullo breviores; petala plana. 19. D. discolor. Filamenta staminum interiorum lineari-oblonga, apice obtusa v. obsolete dentata, antheram longe superantia, rarissime quam anthera paullo breviora. Dentes calycis tubo paullo breviores, ovati, apice abrupte acumi- nulati; corymbus densus, pedicelUs 2-3 mm. longis calyce brevioribus 20. D. densiflora. Dentes calycis tubum aequantes v, superantes, lanceolati. Folia ovata v. oblonga, basi rotundata, integra v. minute denti- culata; pedicelli calyce breviores; petala alba; styli sta- minibus fere duplo breviores; filamenta omnia antheras su- perantia 21. D. albida. FoUa oblonga v. lanceolata, basi attenuata, argute serrulata; pedicelli plerumque calyce longiores; petala rosea; styli staminibus aequilongi; antherae filamenta superantes. 22. D. longifolia. ft Inflorescentia 1-3-flora, breviter pedunculatae (vide etiam No. 14). I Flores in apice ramulorum foliosorum; ovarium semisuperum; dentes calycis lanceolatae; filamenta dentibus recurvatis. Subsect. 4. GRANDIFLORAE. Dentes calycis in apice marginis calycini erecti brevissimi inserti. Folia subtus stellato-tomentosa pilis multiradiatis, basi rotundatis V. subcordatis 23. D. grandiflora. Folia subtus glabra pilis simplicibus ad venas exceptis v. interdum pilis rarissimis 5-radiatis instructa, basi late cimeata. 24. D. prunifolia, Dentes calycis ad marginem annuli calycini horizontalis patellati exteriorem inserti; folia subtus glabra pilis stellatis versus nervorum basin exceptis 25. D. hamata. tt Flores e gemmis aphyUis orientes, plerumque solitarii; folia oblonga v. lanceolata, subtus viridia, pilis 5-6-radiatis conspersa; ovarium to turn inferum; dentes calycis triangulares, breves. Subsect. 5. COREANAE. 26. D. coreana. Praefloratio imbricata Sect. 11. MESODEUTZIA. * FoUa subtus molliter pubescentia, pilis plerumque 4-radiatis radio centrali instructis et ad venas simplicibus obtecta; filamenta e basi dilatata sensim angustata 27. D. mollis. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA 17 ♦♦ Folia subtus pilis multiradiatis adpressis conspersa v. glabra. t Filamenta edciitata v. breviter dcntata dentibus antheram non superantibus. Calyx stollalo-pilosus; folia subtus sparse pilis 6-12-radiatis instructa. Petala circa 6 mm. longa; filamenta breviter dentata, rarius edentata; corymbus ramulis 1-2 cm. longis. Folia crenato-serrulata serraturis incurvis, basi rotundata, subtus pilis 8-12-radiatis conspersa; filamenta omnia dentata. 28. D. corymbosa. Folia argute serrulata serraturis porrectis, basi plerumque late cuneata, subtus pilis 6-9-radiati3 conspersa; filamenta saepe saltern ex- toriora edentata 29. D. parviflora. Petala circa 3.5 cm. longa; filamenta subulata; corymbus multiflorus ramulis inferioribus ad 3 cm. longis 30. D. micrantha. Calyx et corymbus omnino glabra; folia subtus glabra v. sparsissime pilis 3-radiatis conspersa; filamenta subulata. 31. D. glabrata. tt Filamenta staminum exteriorum manifeste dentata dentibus antheram superantibus, interiorum lineari-oblonga antheram longe superantia. Folia subtus stellato-pilosa, viridia, pilis 5-6-radiatis conspersa; petala extus rubescentes, calycis dentes plerumque purpurei, acuminulata. 32. D. rubens. Folia subtus glaberrima, glauca; petala alba; calycis dentes palUdi, obtusi. 33. D. hypoglauca. ENUMERATION OF THE SPECIES. Sect. I. EUDEUTZIA Engler, Nat. Pflanzenfam. III. 29, p. 72 (in part) (1900). — Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 176 (1904). Subsect. 1. SCABRAE Rehder, n. subsect. Latisepalae Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 176 (in part) (1904). Inflorescence a sessile panicle with an elongated main axis and short, few- or several-flowered lateral branchlets; calyx-teeth ovate or triangular, much shorter than the tube; petals usually more or less upright; filaments not exceeding the anthers, without teeth or with short teeth not reaching the base of the anthers, two-thirds or nearly as long as the petals; styles slender, as long or not more than one-third shorter than the petals. Here belong, besides the species enumerated below, D. hypoleuca Maximowicz, D. Sieboldiana Maximowicz and D. gracilis Siebold & Zuccarini. 1. Deutzia scabra Thunberg. See p. 6. 2. Deutzia Schneideriana Rehder. See p. 7. 3. Deutzia ningpoensis Rehder, n. sp. Frutex ramulis gracilibus, junioribus rufobrunneis, sparse stellato-pilosis, vetus- tioribus pallide griseo-brunneis. Gemmae perulis acutis sparse stellato-pilosae. Foha subchartacea, ovato-oblonga, acuminata, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, remote et obsolete denticulata v. fere Integra, 3.5-7 cm. longa et 1.5-3 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, pilis 4-6-radiatis conspersa, subtus albido-tomentosa, dense pilis r2-14-radiatis obtccta, utrinsecus5-6-costata; petioli stellato-pilosi, 1-2 mm. longi. Panicula 5-12 cm. longa et 2.5-6 cm. lata, laxe stellato-pilosa, pediceUis 1-3 mm. longis; flores desunt. Capsula subglobosa, 3-4.5 mm. diam., dense stel- lato-pilosa, calycis dentibus dimidium tubum vix superantibus plerumque deciduis; stylis 3, gracilibus, circa S mm. longis. Chekiang: Ningpo Mts., E. Faber ((Herb. Arnold Arboretum). 18 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Allied to D. hijpoleuca Maximoudcz which differs chiefly in its densely serrulate thinner leaves, the slenderer petioles, 2-5 mm. long and the 4-5 styles. 4. Deutzia pulchra Vidal, Revis. PI. Vase. Filip. 124 (1886). Formosa: Bankinsing, A. Henry (Nos. 38, 477). The occurrence of this Philippine species in Formosa is phytogeographically in- teresting. Henry's specimens agree exactly with Elmer's No. 8414 from the prov- ince of Benguet, except that in the latter the stellate hairs on the upper surface of the leaves have usually 4-6 rays interspersed with comparatively few hairs with 10-12 rays, while in the Formosa plant most of the hairs have 6-8 rays and many 10-14 rays. The inflorescence is not corymbiform as might be inferred from Vidal's description, but a panicle 6-11 cm. long and 5-8 cm. broad. 5. Deutzia Faberi Rehder, n. sp. Frutex ramulis gracilibus fuscis, junioribus stellato-pilosis, annotinis peridermate detersili. Gemmae multi-perulatae, stellato-tomentosae. Foha membranacea, oblonga v. anguste ovato-oblonga, acuminata, in ramuhs floriferis subsessiUa, basi rotundata, in steriUbus breviter petiolata, basi cuneata, dense minuteque ser- rulata serraturis adpressis, 4-8 cm. longa et 1.5-2.5 cm. lata, laete viridia, concoloria, supra piUs 3-4-radiatis sat dense conspersis, subtus pihs plerumque 4-radiatis in- superque saepissime radio centrali elongate instructis pubem subvillosam for- mantibus praedita, utrinsecus 7-9-costata; petioU stellato-pilosi, 1-2 mm. longi, in ramulis floriferis subnulli. Panicula sessilis, multiflora, laxa, 7-10 cm. longa, laxe stellato-pilosa; pedicelU graciles, pube heteromorpha vestita; calycis dentes minuti vix quartam partem tubi dense pube heteromopha vestiti turbinati longi- oris quam lati aequantes; petala oblonga, erecta, 10 mm. longa et 4 mm. lata, extus dense stellato-pilosa; stamina exteriora petalis aequilonga filamentis basi dilatatis apicem versus sensim angustatis v. pauUo supra medium subito contrac- tum angulatum, interiora filamentis paullo supra medium breviter dentatis; styli 3, graciles, stamina aequantes. Capsulae maturae desunt. Chekiang: Tientai, Kiangsu Hills, E. Faber (No. 210, in Herb. Arnold Arbo- retum.). Closely related to D. Sieboldiana Maximowicz, which is easily distinguished by its generally ovate leaves, more coarsely serrulate with spreading tieeth, by the calyx-teeth being about half as long as the tube which is broader than long, and by its smaller flowers with more spreading petals. 6. Deutzia taiwanensis Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 177 (1904). D. crenata, var. ? 8 taiwanensis Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. ser. 7, X. No. XVI. 23 (1867). Formosa: near Tamsuy, 1864, R. Oldham (No. 107, in Herb. Kew.). Subsect. 2. CYMOSAE Rehder, n. subsect. Latisepalae Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 176 (in part) (1904). Inflorescence distinctly cymose, much broader than high, sometimes few-flowered; calyx-teeth much shorter than the tube, incurved at maturity; filaments, at least those of the inner stamens, exceeding the anthers, those of the outer row distinctly bidentate, these of the inner row with obtuse or irregularly dentate apex; styles scarcely half as long as the petals. Stellate hairs of the leaves with few rays, those of the under side usually with 5 or 6, occasionally with 7 rays. 7. Deutzia pilosa Rehder. See p. 8. 8. Deutzia setchuenensis Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. 282 (1896). Deutzia scabra, var. ? cymis paucifloris Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 277 (1887). SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA 19 Eastern Szech'uan: near Ch'eng-k'ou (ex Franchet). — Western Hupeh: Ichang, A. Henry (No. 3585); without locality, A. Henry (Nos. 3480, 4139); Fokien: April to June 1905, S. T. Dunn (Herb. Hongkong Bot. Gard. No. 2676). I have not seen the type specimen itself, but a good photograph of it. As this and Franchet's description agrees fairly well with the specimens cited above, I trust that I have made no mistake in referring them to D. selchuenensis. Deutzia setchuenensis, var. longidentata Rehder. See p. 8. Deutzia setchuenensis, var. corymbiflora Rehder. See p. 9. 9. Deutzia Silvestrii Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Hal. n. ser. XVII. 282 (1910). Western Hupeh: near Siang-yang, C. Silvestri (Nos. 671, 868, 869, 870, 872). I have seen no specimen of this species; according to the description by Pam- panini it is nearest to D. setchuenensis var. corymbiflora, but differs chiefly in the longer calyx-lobes and narrower rose-colored petals. 10. Deutzia coriacea Rehder. See p. 9. 11. Deutzia Fargesii Franchet. See p. 10. Subsect. 3. STENOSEPALAE Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 184 (1904). Calyx-teeth lanceolate or sometimes oblong-ovate, as long or longer, rarely slightly shorter, than the tube; the cymes usually rather dense and many-flowered, more or less panicle-Uke. Besides the following species D. staminea R. Brown and probably D. macrantha Hooker f. and Thomson, which I have not seen, belong to this group. 12. Deutzia glomeruliflora Franchet. See p. 10. 13. Deutzia subsessilis Rehder. See p. 11. 14. Deutzia purpurascens Rehder, n. sp. Deutzia discolor, var. purpurascens Franchet apud Henry in Le Jardin, 1894, 147, fig. 64. — Sargent in Gard. and For. VII. 284, 287, fig. 84 (1894).— Gard. Chron. ser. 3, II. 45, fig. 25 (1899).— Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. CXXVI. t. 7708 (1900). — Lemoine in Jour. Soc. Hort. France, sdr. 4, III. 301 (1902). — Schneider, HI. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 381, fig. 244 e-f (1905). Yunnan, /. M. Delavay (ex Franchet). — In cultivation (Arnold Arboretum, etc.). Deutzia purpurascens differs in several important characters from D. discolor, and I consider it a well marked species much less closely related to D. discolor than any of the following species of this group. It is particularly well distinguished by the stellate hairs of the under side of the leaves which have only 5-7 rays, while in all the following species they have 10-14 rays, and besides from D. discolor by its smaller generally ovate leaves, greenish beneath, smaller inflorescence, purpUsh flowers, and shorter stamens with the filaments exceeding the anthers. Deutzia piirpurascens, var. pauciflora Rehder, n. var. Frutex metralis ramulis gracilibus, junioribus stellato-pilosis, annotinis elevato- asperatis flavido-griseis. Gemmae parvae perulis late ovatis acutiusculis extus dense pubescentibus. Folia ovata v. oblongo-ovata, acuminata, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, argute serrulata, 1.5-3.5 cm. longa et 1-1.4 cm. lata, laete viridia, concoloria, supra piUs 4-5-radiatis, subtus pilis 5-6-radiati3 sparse conspersa; petioli sparse stellato-pilosi, 1-2 mm. longi. Cymae breves, 1-3-florae, stellato- pilosae, ramulos laterales brevissimos terminantes; pedicelU 2-4 mm. longi; calyx stellato-pilosus, dentibus ovato-oblongis obtusiusculis rubescentibus tubum aequan- tibus V. pauUo longioribus; petala ovato-oblonga, 9 mm. loaga, marginc erosa, alba; filamcnta antheras superantia, exteriora dentibus obtusis, interiora apicc obtuso; 20 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA styli 3, stamina subaequantes. Capsula hemispherica, 4 mm. diam., lobis reflexis deciduis. Yunnan: Mengtze, "N. Mts.", alt. 1800 m., A. Henry (No. 9475^). Differs from the type chiefly in its few-flowered inflorescence, white petals, and in the apex of the filaments or of the teeth of the filaments being obtuse. Possibly a distinct species. 15. Deutzia Wilsonii Duthie in Bot. Mag. CXXXII. t. 8083 (1906). Eastern Szech'uan: South Wushan, cliffs, May 1901, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 1916^). In cultivation; raised from seed collected by E. H. Wilson (Veitchian nurseries, Combe Wood). This and the following three species are closely related to D. discolor Hemsley, and I am not yet quite convinced that they are really specifically distinct; the characters on which they are based seem to be rather slight and inconstant, but as the material I have seen of each of these species is rather scant, I do not feel justified to make a change, until more and completer material is available. 16. Deutzia globosa Duthie in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XL. 238 (1906). Raised from seed collected by E. H. Wilson in Hupeh and cultivated in the Veitchian nurseries, Combe Wood: Ex hort. Veitch. No. 11SV2, June 6, 1905 (Herb. Kew, type). 17. Deutzia Vilmorinae Lemoine, Cat. No. 158, p. vii, fig. (1904). — C. K. Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 182 (1904); III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 381 (1905). Western Hupeh: without locality, June 1900, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 940) ; June 1901 (No. 1998). Raised from seed collected by Farges in Szech'uan and first distributed by Lemoine of Nancy. 18. Deutzia refiexa Duthie in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XL. 238 (1906). Raised from seed collected by E. H. Wilson in Hupeh and cultivated in the Veitchian nurseries, Combe Wood; Wilson, No. 1253, June 2, 1910 (W. J. Bean in Herb. Kew.). 19. Deutzia discolor Hemsley. See p. 12. ♦ 19 X 20. Deutzia discolor X mollis Rehder, n. hybr. Frutex ramulis junioribus parce stellato-pilosis, annotinis peridermate castaneo in lamellas tenues soluto. Foha oblonga, acuminata, basi late cuneata v. rotun- data, argute serrulata, 4.5-6 cm. longa et 1.5-2.2 cm. lata, supra pihs 4-5-radiati8 conspersa, subtus molliter pubescentia, pilis 7-10-radiatis (plerumque 8-radiatis) radio centrah praesertim ad nervos instructis obtecta; petioli piMs heteromorphis praediti, 3 mm. longi. Cyma convexa multiflora; calycis dentes ovato-oblongi, abrupte acuminati, tubum pube homomorpha obtectmn aequantes; petala 5-6 mm. longa, ovato-oblonga, aestivatione plerumque valvata, sed etiam partim imbricata; stamina petalis triente breviora, filamentis staminum exteriorum interdum e basi dilatata sensim attenuata sed saepius subito contractis et angulatis, interiorum plerumque infra apicem in dentes brevissimos productis, antheris sterilibus; styli tres, stamina paullo superantes. Western Hupeh: June 1901, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 1917) (Herb. Arnold Arboretum.). Wilson's No. 1917 is quoted by the author of D. mollis as belonging to that species and it looks indeed at the first glance only like a slight variation, but a closer examination reveals certain features which indicate at once its hybrid origin, particularly the irregular aestivation and the sterile anthers. All the other char- acters in which the plant in question differs from D. mollis point toward D. discolor as the other parent; the stellate hairs of the under side of the leaves have 12-14 SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA 21 rays in D. discolor and generally 4 rays with a central ray in D. mollis, while in the hybrid they have generally 8 rays only part of them with a central ray; the calyx-lobes, which are lanceolate and longer than the tube in D. discolor and broadly ovate, abruptly acuminate and about half as long as the tube in D. mollis, are oblong-ovate, acuminulate and about as long as the tube in the hybrid; the filaments, which are gradually narrowed toward the apex in D. mollis and distinctly toothed in D. discolor, are in the hybrid mostly abruptly contracted or have only very short teeth; also the shape of the leaves and some other minor characters are intermediate. 20. Deutzia densiflora Rehder. See p. 12. 21. Deutzia albida Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIII. 97 (1893). Deutzia discolor, var. albida Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 183 (1904). Kansu: banks of the river Pai-shui between Lidshapu and Kwantin, G. Potanin (ex Batahn). I have not seen the type specimen, but according to the description the species differs from D. discolor in so many points that I cannot follow Schneider in referring it to that species as a variety. 22. Deutzia longifolia Franchet. See p. 13. Subsect. 4. GRANDIFLORAE Rehder, n. subsect. Chiefly characterized by the 1-3-fiowered inflorescence borne at the end of short leafy branchlets, by the partly superior ovary, the lanceolate calyx-teeth and the re-curved teeth of the filaments. 23. Deutzia grandifiora Bunge in Mim. Sav. 6tr. Acad. Sci. St. Pelersbourg II. 104 {Enum. PI. Chin. Bor.) (1832). — Maximowdcz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, s6r. 7, X. No. XVI. 30 (1867). D. Baroniana, var. insignis Pampanini in Nuov. Giom. Bot. Hal. n. ser. XVII, 282 (1910). Chihli: A. Bunge; Kalgan road near Pekin, October 5, 1905, J. G. Jack; Wei- chang, 1910, W. Purdom (No. 16). Hupeh: April 1901, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 1870); Ou-tan-shan, C. Silvestri (ex Pampanini). The Hupeh specimens differ from the type in their narrower leaves and in the elongated and somewhat wavy rays of the hairs of the under side of the leaves, so that the tomentum appears more villose and not as closely appressed as in the type; in this respect it approaches the following variety. I have seen no specimen of Pampanini's var. insignis, but from his description it appears not to be differ- ent from typical D. grandifiora. Deutzia grandifiora, var. Baroniana Rehder, n. var. Deutzia Baroniana Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 372 (1901). Northern Shensi: Tui-kia-shan, G. Giraldi (No. 1656 ex Diels); Shan-geus, Lao-y-san, May 19, 1899, G. Giraldi (No. 4522). Differs from the type chiefly in the heteromorphous and thinner grayish green pubescence of the under side of the narrower leaves which are usually broadly cuneate at the base; the stellate hairs have only 5-7 rays mostly with a central ray, not 7-9 without central ray as in the type. The flowers of No. 4522 agree with those of the type. I cannot follow Schneider in referring the Shensi plant to D. grandifiora, var. glabrata Maximo wicz; the pubescence of the latter is homomor- phous, the hairs having 6-9 short rays and are only sparingly distributed over the lower surface, not touching each other. Deutzia grandifiora, var. j3 minor Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Piters' bourg, s6r. 7, X. No. XVI. 31 (1867). 22 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Mongolia: Tatarinoff (ex Maximowicz). Chili: near Kalgan, Ladyshinski (ex Maximowicz). Of this variety I have seen no specimen; it differs according to Maximowicz in its smaller leaves and flowers and shorter styles. Deutzia grandiflora, var. y glabrata Maximowicz in M6m. Acad. Sci. St.Peters- bourg, s6r. 7, X. No. XVI. 31 (1867) Chili: near Pekin, Tatarinoff. 24. Deutzia prunifolia Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus ramuUs junioribus glabris pallide fusco-brimneis, vetustioribus griseo-brunncis. Gemmae perulis circa 10 exterioribus, ovato-lanceolatis acutis, extus sp^se stellato-pilosis, castaneis. Folia ovata, v. rhombico- v. elUptico- ovata, acuminata, basi late cuneata, inaequaliter v. fere dupliciter fimbriato-den- ticulata, dentibus minutis acuminatis, 3.5-5 cm. longa et 1.5-3 cm. lata, flavo- viridia, concoloria, supra pilis 4-5-radiatis laxe conspersa, subtus glabra pilis simpUcibus ad costam mediam et paucis ad basin costarum lateraUum exceptis, interdum facie pilis rarissimis 5-radiatis instructa, utrinsecus costis 5-7 supra im- pressis subtus elevatis; petioli glabri, 3-5 mm. longi. Flores desunt. Capsulae 1-3 in apice ramulorum, solitariae pedicellis glabris gracilibus circa 1 cm. longis, binae v. ternae pedunculo 1-1.5 cm. longo insidentes pedicellis circa 5 mm. longis; capsula (immatura) depresso-globosa, circa 5 mm. diam., extus glabra, semisupera, apice ovarii et basi stylorum 3-4 sparse stellato-pilosa, dentibus calycis lanceolatis reflexis tubum saltern aequilongis partim persistentibus. Korea: Ping Yang, September 18, 1905, J. G. Jack (Herb. Arnold Arboretum). Closely related to D. grandiflora Bunge, and particularly to its glabescent variety 7 glabrata which, however, differs in the shorter petioles, the shorter scarcely acum- inate teeth of the leaves, and their less prominent venation, in the hairs of the upper surface having usually 5-6 rays and those of the lower surface 6-8 rays and also in the shorter peduncles and pedicels. Deutzia hamata Koehne, which is similar in foliage, differs in the peculiar development of the pubescent calyx. 25. Deutzia hamata Koehne in Bot. Jahrb. XXXIV. No. LXXV. 37 (1905). Shantung: Laushan Mts., Zimmermann (Nos. 335, 348 ex Koehne). This species is well marked by the peculiar development of the calyx which hag the margin incurved forming a hollow ring open toward the apex of the ovary and partly covering it; the spreading lanceolate calyx-lobes are borne on the outside of the ring. Subsect. 5. COREANAE Rehder, n. subsect. Distinguished from all the other Deutzias by the solitary or rarely two flowers appearing from leafless buds and borne on short stalks hidden by the bud-scales; calyx-tube ovoid, truncate at the apex with short triangular lobes; styles slender, 3; leaves on both sides sparingly covered with hairs with 4-5 rays. 26. Deutzia coreana L6veill(5 in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. VIII. 283 (1910). Korea: Diamant Mts., June 1908, U. Faurie (No. 364); Pouck Han, Seoul, September 25, 1905, J. G. Jack. The leaves are sparingly furnished on both sides with stellate hairs, those of the upper side having generally 4, those of the under side generally 5 rays; the capsule is about 4 mm. long, distinctly longer than broad and thinly covered with stellate Lairs having 6-7 rays; styles 3.10 mm. long. Sect. II. MESODEUTZIA Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII (1905). 27. Deutzia mollis Duthie. See p. 13. 28. Deutzia corymbosa R. Brown apud Royle, III. Bot. Himal. 216, t. 46, fig. 2 SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA 23 (1839). _ Maximowicz in M6m. Acad. Sci. St. PStersbourg, s^r. 7, X. No. XVI. 33, fig. 14-17 (1867). — Clarke in Hooker f. Fl. Bril. Ind. II. 406 (1878) .u Deutzia conjmbosa R. Brown ex Wallich, Cat. No. 3652 (nora. n dum) (1828). Deutzia parviflora, var. corymbosa Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. S3 (1896). Deutzia corymbosa, var. typica Schneider in Mill. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 184 (1904); III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 382, fig. 244 g-i (1905). Shensi: Ki-fon-shan, near Pao-ki-scen, G. Giraldi ex Engler). I have seen no specimens of this species from China, and it seems doubtful whether the specimen from Shensi really belongs here. Deutzia corymbosa, var. yunnanensis Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. 283 (1896), Yunnan (ex Franchet). This variety, incompletely described by Franchet without citation of specimens, probably does not belong to D. corymbosa; it is possibly closely related to D. rubens Rehder. 29. Deutzia parviflora Bunge in Mem. Sav. Etr. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg II. 105 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bar.) (1832). — Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Peters- bourg, sdr. 7, X. No. XVI. 33, t. 3, fig. 18-23 (1867). —Sargent in Gard. and For. I. 363, fig. 57 (1888). Deutzia parviflora, /3 amurensis Regel in MSm. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, s6t. 7, IV. No. IV. 63, t. 5, fig. 7-14 (1861); in Gartenfl. XI. 278, t. 370, fig. 4-12 (1862). Deutzia parviflora, a Bungei Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. 283 (1896). Deutzia parviflora, /3 mongolica Franchet, 1. c. Deutzia corymbosa, var. parviflora Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 184 (1904); III. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 382, fig. 244 k-m (1905). Chili: Weichang, 1910, W. Purdom (No. 40). Mandshuria: river Sutdr, July 1895, V. Komarov (No. 836); without locaUty, 1891, S. Korshinsky; mts. east of Harbin, August 31, 1903, C. S. Sargent. Korea: Fusan, May 1906, U. Faurie (No. 361). Franchet's variety /3 mongolica does not seem sufficiently distinct to be separated as a variety; of the specimens named above only Purdom's No. 40 with simple hairs along the midrib beneath would belong to this variety; all the others must be referred to his var. a Bungei, though I never saw a specimen with perfectly glabrous leaves; they all have at least a few hairs, sometimes nearly imperceptible, on the lower surface. Deutzia parviflora, var. musaei Lemoine in Jour. Hort. Soc. France, ser. 4, III. 303 (1902). This variety, described from specimens cultivated at the Jardin des Plantes at Paris, differs from the type chiefly in the larger more pointed leaves and denser inflorescence with fewer creamy white flowers. 30. Deutzia micrantha Engler in Bot. Jahrb. XXXVI. Beibl. No. LXXXII. 51 (1905). Shensi: Tsin-ling-shan, July 1900, G. Giraldi (No. 7179); In-kia-p'u, G. Giraldi (No. 2526, ex Engler). Closely related to D. parviflora Bunge, from which it differs in the much smaller flowers, in the shape of the inflorescence, and in the stellate hairs of the under side of the leaves being more numerous and having generally S-10 rays. The inflorescence much resembles in its mode of branching that of D. mollis Duthie, the partial inflorescence being rather dense and borne on elongated and remote branchlets. 24 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 31. Deutzia glabrata Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. XXII. 433 (1903). Deutzia glabernma Koehne in Bot. Jahrb. XXXIV. Beibl. No. LXXV. 38 (1904). Deutzia Fauriei Leveille in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. VIII. 283 (1910). Korea: Diamond Mts., June 24, 1906, U. Faurie (No. 360). Pomasa, May 21, 1906, U. Faurie (No. 362). Shantung: Laushan Mts., Zimmermann (No. 349 ex Koehne). Also in Mandshuria (ex Komarov). 32. Deutzia nibens Rehder, See p. 13. 33. Deutzia hypoglauca Rehder, n. sp. Frutex ramulis graciUbus glabris rubro-fuscis, annotinis peridermate solubili. Gemmae perulis lanceolatis glabris obscure castaneis. FoUa membranacea, ovato- oblonga v. elliptico-oblonga v. oblonga, acuminata, basi cuneata v. rotundata, argute minuteque serrulata, 4-6 cm. longa et 1.5-2.5 cm. lata, supra flavo-viridia, pilis paucis plerumque 4-radiatis conspersa, subtus glauca, glaberrima, utrinsecus 5-6-costata; petioli glaberrimi, 2-4 mm. longi. Cyma pluriflora, pedunculata, ebracteata, glabra, pediceUis gracilibus, 5-7 mm. longis, apice tantum sparse stel- lato-pilosis ; calycis lobi late ovati, obtusi, dimidium tubum laxe stellato-pilosum vix superantes; petala obovata, alba, 9 mm. longa, extus sparse stellato-pilosa; stamina petaUs paullo breviora, exteriora filamentis apice bidentatis dentibus antheram paullo superantibus, interiora filamentis lineari-oblongis apice leviter bidentata antheram paullo supra medium faciei interiori affixam gerentibus; styli 3, etaminibus paullo breviores. Hupeh: E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 1919^, Herb. Arnold Arboretum). From all the other species of this group this is easily distinguished by the glau- cous and quite glabrous under side of the leaves. CARDIANDRA Sieb. and Zucc. Determined by Alfred Rehder. Cardiandra sinensis Hemsley in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XXXIII. 82 (1903). Kiangsi: Killing, wet shady places, common, alt. 1200 m., July 30, 1907 (No. 1545)- Wilson's specimen agrees exactly with Faber's specimen from Ningpo. Hemsley {Jour. Linn. Soc. Bot. XXIII. 278) cites in 1887 a specimen from Kiangsi col- lected by Forbes under C. alternifolia Siebold & Zuccarini, but in his description of C sinensis in 1903 he only cites Faber's specimen from Ningpo and Wilson's No. 2426 (Veitch Exped.) from Hupeh without mentioning the Kiangsi specimen. There can be, however, little doubt that Faber's luangsi specimen and also David's specimen from Kiangsi cited by Franchet as C. alternifolia (PI. David. I. 126), be- long to the same species as Wilson's specimen from Iviangsi, namely to C. sinensis, and that C. alternifolia does not occur in China. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — HYDRANGEA 25 HYDRANGEA L. Determined by Alfred Rehder. Hydrangea umbellata Rehder, n. sp. Frutex metralis v. paullo altior ramulis fusco-purpureis, novellis crispule pubescentibus, annotinis cortice laevi sine lenticcUis, demum in lamellas tenues solubili. Folia membranacea, oblongo-lanceolata V. obovata, acuminata, basi cuneata, 5-9 cm. longa et 2-3 cm. lata, denticulato-serrata basi excepta, supra luteo-viridia, glabra costa sparse villosa excepta, subtus glaucescentia, sparse ad venas densius strigillosa et in axillis venarum barbata; petioli crispule pubescentes, 6-13 mm. longi. Inflorescentia umbelliformis multiflora, in apice ramulorum sessilis, crispe pubescens, plerumque 5-radiata, pedicellis circa 5 mm. longis; flores fertiles desunt; flores radiantes steriles graciliter pedicellati, persistentes, 4-sepali sepalis late ellipticis v. sub- rotundatis, crassiusculis, plus minus dentatis, 2-2.5 cm. longis et in- terdum ad 2.5 cm. latis. Capsula (immatura) semisupera, cum stylis 6 mm. longa, parte superiore libera paullo longiore quam tubus calycis pilis crispulis sparsis adspersi; styli 3, partem liberam capsulae sub- aequantes, sat graciles; semina late elliptica, exalata. Kiangsi: Kuling, thickets, common, alt. 1200 m., July 29, 1907 (No. 1605). Closely related to H. scandens De CandoUe {H. virens Siebold), which differs chiefly in its smaller sparingly toothed leaves, in the few-flowered cymes with the sterile flowers with three deciduous entire sepals, in the smaller capsules with longer styles and in its lax habit with very slender often drooping branches. Hydrangea Davidii Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, VIII. 227 {PI. David. II. 44) (1885). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1800-2250 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1159), alt. 2400-2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4343); alt. 1500-1800 m., Nov. 1908 (No. 1249); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., June and November 1908 (No. 1159); without locality, alt. 1500-2400 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3563). Wilson's specimens differ from Franchet's description slightly in having usually 4 sepals and in the leaves being up to 6 cm. broad. The capsule, which is not described by Franchet, is subglobose, 2-3 mm. in diameter, the free part longer than the tube of the calyx; the seeds are broadly elliptic, wingless, scarcely 1 mm. long and light yellowish brown. Hydrangea paniculata Siebold in Nov. Act. Acad. Leop. Carol. XIV. pt. ii. 690 {Syn. Hydrang.) (1829). K H. HILL LIBRARY North Carolina State College 26 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Kiangsi: Kuling, abundant, side of streams, July 27, 1907 (No. i6oi). This is as far as I know the first time that H. paniculata has been found in China. The specimen differs very little from the Japanese plant; the serratures of the leaves are strongly incurved, the veins are yellow on the upper side and strigosely pubescent below, while in the Japanese specimens the leaves are nearly glabrous and the teeth are slightly spreading. Hydrangea hypoglauca Rehder, n. sp. Frutex ad 3 m. altus ramulis junioribus castaneo-purpureis glabris, lenticellis inconspicuis institutis. Folia ovata v. ovato-oblonga, acuminata, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, argute mucronulato- serrulata, supra flavo-viridia, glabra nervis strigosis flavescentibus exceptis, subtus glauca (sub lente dense papillosa), ad nervos dense pubescentia ceterum glabra, 7-10 em. longa et 2.5-4.5 cm. lata; peti- oli graciles, parce pilosi, 2-3 cm. longi. Cyma laxa, convexa, radii s 5-7 decussatis distantibus composita, strigosa; flores radiantes 2-3 cm. diam., sepalis 3-4 late ovalibus v. obovatis albis; calycis dentes florum fertilium ovato-triangulares, acuminata; petala alba, ovato- oblonga, concava, apice cucullata, 2 mm. longa; stamina inaequalia, breviora petalis subaequilongis, longiora 3 mm. longa; styli 3, erecti; ovarium semisuperum. Capsulae maturae desiderantur. Western Hupeh: A. Henry (No. 6056, type); north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 900-1800 m., June 1907 (No. 2397); no locality, June 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1271). Allied to Hydrangea xanthoneura Diels which differs chiefly in the more or less elliptic leaves being green on the under side with strigose veins and in the trian- gular obtusish sepals. Hydrangea xanthoneura Diels in Bot Jahrb. XXIX. 373 (1900). Szech'uan: Nanch'uan, Ching-lung-tsui, August 9, 1891, A. von Rosthorn (No. 354, type); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1800-2600 m., July and November 1908 (Nos. 2409, flowers, and 1354, fruits) ; Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2400-2700 m., October 1910 (No. 439i); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2200 m., August 1910 (No. 4484). Mt. Omei, July 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 4899 and 4900). This is apparently a very variable species and closely related to H. Bretschneideri from which it can be separated only by the glabrous or glabrescent under side of the leaves more or less cuneate at the base. In the type the under side of the leaves is glabrous or nearly glabrous except the strigose veins which are yellowish on the upper side; the branchlets are bright reddish brown with the bark without lenticels and soon separating into thin flakes. Wilson's Nos. 4391 and 4899 seem nearest to the type. No. 4484 is also near the type, except that it has the leaves loosely pubescent beneath, while the other numbers of Wilson differ in their large foliage, SAXIFRAGACEAE. — HYDRANGEA 27 the leaves attaining a length of 15-20 cm. with the petioles 4 cm. long and the inflorescence measuring 25 cm. in diameter. Hydrangea xanthoneura, var. Wilsonii Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit ramulis hornotinis griseo-flavescentibus, annotinis griseis v. avellaneis lenticellis pallidis instructis cortice adhaerente et foliis junioribus subtus sparse adpresse pubescentibus. Arbor ad 5 m. alta. Western Szech'uan: Ta-p'ao-shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, woodlands, alt. 2400-2800 m., July 3, 1908 (No. 2407, type); Pan- lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2200 m., June 26, 1908 (No. 2410); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1600- 2400 m., July 1908 (No. 2408). The color and behavior of the bark would seem to afford good specific differ- ences, if it were not for the following specimens which are intermediate in this re- spect between the type and the variety, but are apparently closer to the variety. Hydrangea xanthoneura, var. glabrescens Rehder, n. comb. Hydrangea serrata Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr. 189 (not De Candolle) (1893). Hydrangea Bretschneideri, var. glabrescens Rehder in Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. II. 784 (1900); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XII. 121 (1903). A typo recedit foliis minoribus, tenuioribus et plerumque angusti- oribus, saepe grossius serratis, venis supra non flavidis, subtus fere glabris v. sparse pubescentibus nee strigosis. Seed collected by Dr. E. Bretschneider near Pekin and introduced into cultivation: Hort. Bot. Berol.; E. Koehne, Herb. Dendr. (No. 113); Arnold Arboretum, in Herb. Arnold Arboretum. It is with some hesitation that I refer this variety to H. xanthoneura, but if the pubescence is to be considered the chief distinguishing character between this species and H. Bretschneideri, it must be referred to the former. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1500-2500 m., June and October 1908 (Nos. 1183, 1327); thickets around Tachien-lu, alt. 2100-2400 m., October 1908 (No. 1347); near Tachien-lu, 2700-3G00 m., A. E. Pratt (No. 285). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., July 1907 (No. 2398); no locality, June 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 2184). Yunnan: Mengtze, alt. 2700 m., A. Henry (No. 10235). Hydrangea pubinervis Rehder, n. sp. Frutex ad 3 m. altus ramulis junioribus glabrescentibus purpureis, vetustioribus castaneis lenticellis sparsis instructis. Folia mem- branacea, alte elliptica, acuminata, basi late cuneata, grossius ser- 28 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA rato-dentata, supra flavo-viridia, glabra v. fere glabra nervis strigosis exceptis, subtus pallidiora, tota facie crispulo-villosa ad nervos pilis flavidis adpressis dense obtecta, 6-9 cm. longa et 3.5-4.5 cm. lata; petioli graciles, 1.5-2 cm. longi, pubescentes. Cyma fere plana, e radiis 5-7 decussatis distantibus composita, strigosa; flores radiantes circa 2.5 cm. diam. sepalis 4 late ovalibus v. obovatis; calycis dentes florum fertilium triangulares; petala oblongo-ovata, apice cucullata, 2 mm. longa; stamina inaequalia, minora petalis breviora, majora petalis paullo longiora; ovarium semisuperum; stylis 3 erectis. Cap- sulae maturae desiderantur. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1500-2250 m., July 1908 (No. 241 1). Closely related to H. xanthoncura Diels which is easily distinguished by the leaves being serrulate, narrower and larger and on the under side nearly glabrous except the strigose veins. Hydrangea Bretschneideri Dippel, var. setchuenensis Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit foliis majoribus ad 20 cm. longis et 11 cm. latis, venis saepe flavescentibus, petiolis densius pubescentibus, ramulis juniori- bus laxe et sparse pubescentibus, annotinis pallide brunneis lenticellis conspicuis instructis, cymis usque ad 25 cm. diam., laxis, convexis, interdum fere paniculiformibus. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2300-2700 m., July and November 1908 (No. 1323). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, rocky places, alt. 1800 m., August 1907 (No. 2399)- The Szech'uan and the Hupeh plants differ sHghtly; the former has the leaves generally ovate-oblong and approaches also in the somewhat darker color of the branchlets the type, while the leaves of the Hupeh plant are elliptic-oblong or oblong-obovate. Hydrangea Bretschneideri, var. lancifolia Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit ramulis cinereis lenticellis conspicuis instructis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, supra sparse strigosis, subtus tota facie dense crispulo-villosis et ad nervos strigosis, 7-12 cm. longis et 2-3 cm. latis. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2100-2400 m., June 1908 (No. 2412). This variety might possibly be considered a pubescent and narrow-leaved form of H. xanthoneura, since it has almost the same kind of bark as var. Wilsonii of that species. SAXIFEAGACEAE. — HYDRANGEA 29 Hydrangea Sargentiana Rehder, n. sp. Frutex roliustus bimetralis; ramuli juniores dense villosi et excre- scentiis crebris e trichomatibus basi confluentibus purpurcis formatis praediti. Folia ovato-oblonga, acuminata, basi rotundata v, interdum subcordata v. late cuneata, inaequaliter et fere dupliciter ciliato- dentata dentibus setaceo-acuminatis, 15-30 cm. longa et 6.5-16 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, scabro-strigosa, subtus dense villoso-hirta, ad nervos hirto-pilosa excrescentiis purpureis intermixes; petioli dense pilosi et excrescentiis purpureis instructi, 3-9 cm. longi. Cyma fere plana, 12-16 cm. diam., densa, dense pubescens, e radiis oppo- sitis congestis 7-13 composita; flores radiantes graciliter pedicellati 2.5-3.5 cm. diam. albi, sepalis 4, orbiculato-obovatis integris; sepala florum fertilium late triangularia, tubo dimidio breviora; petala ovata, mox caduca, apice interdum calyptratim coherentia, 2 mm. longa; stamina breviora petalis aequilonga, longiora circa 4 mm. longa; styli plerumque 3 v. interdum 2. Capsula hemispherica, leviter 10- 12-costata, apice truncata, 3 mm. diam.; semina elliptica, utrinque in alam brevem contracta, striata, flavo-brunnea, circa 0.7 mm. longa. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., August and December 1907 (No. 772). Adistinct species with large and handsome foliage similar to H. robusta Hooker f. & Thomson, which is easily distinguished by its strigose pubescence, ovate leaves, by the serrate sepals of the sterile flowers and the larger capsule. The allied H. Rosthornii Diels also differs in its strigose pubescence and ovate leaves. Hydrangea villosa Rehder, n. sp. Frutex 1-3 m. altus ramulis junioribus albido- v. fulvo-villosis angulatis. Folia elliptico- v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata, fimbriato-denticulata dentibus setaceo-acuminatis, 10-20 cm. longa et 3.5-6.5 cm. lata, supra obscure flavo-viridia, scabro- strigosa pilis basi bulbosis, ad costam mediam pilis longioribus al- bidis instructa, subtus pilis patentibus hirto-villosis incano-tomentosa, ad nervos pilis ad 3 mm. longis et saepe, praesertim ad costam mediam, fulvescentibus v. fulvis praedita; petioli villosi saepe pilis fulvis longis patentibus interspersis, 1-4 cm. longi. Cyma convexa, interdum plana, albido- v. fulvo-villosa, radiis oppositis 7-9 satis remotis composita; flores radiantes graciliter pedicellati, 3-4 cm. diam., coeru- lescentes, sepalis 4 orbiculato-obovatis plerumque crenulatis; pedi- celli florum fertilium strigosi, tubum calycis glabri v. basi tantum strigosi subaequantcs, dentibus triangularibus vix dimidium tubum aequantibus; petala oblongo-ovata, acutiuscula, concava, patentia, 30 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 2 mm. longa; stamina valde inaequalia, minora petalis subaequi- longa, majora eis duplo longiora; styli 2, patentes, apice incrassati. Capsula hemispherica, apice truncata, leviter costata, 2.5-3 mm. diam.; semina late elliptica, utrinque in alam constricta, striata, flavido-brunnea, circa 0.6 mm. longa. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 1800 m., July and November 1908 (No. 1227, type), alt. 1200- 2700 m., July and November 1908 (No. 1250), October 1910 (No. 4302); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2400 m., August 1910 (No. 4483). Easily distinguished from allied species by its villous pubescence. Hydrangea glabripes Rehder, n. sp. Frutex metralis ramulis glabris v. fere glabris, vetustioribus flavo- griseis. Folia lanceolata, acuminata, basi late cuneata v. rotundata, dentato-serrulata serraturis mucronulato-acuminatis, 6-12 cm. longa et 2-3 cm. lata, supra obscure flavo-viridia, satis dense strigulosa, subtus pallida, hirto-villosa costa fere glabra excepta; petioli graciles, 1.5-4 cm. longi, glabri, tantum supra in canaliculo parce pubes- centes. Cyma fere plana v. leviter convexa, 8-10 cm. diam., strigosa, radiis brevibus 7-9; flores radiantes pauci, rosei, sepalis 4, late obo- vatis, leviter emarginatis integris; flores fertiles rosei; calycis tubus hemisphericus, glaber ima basi excepta, dentibus triangularibus min- utis; petala oblongo-ovata, 1.5 mm. longa; stamina inaequalia, longi- ora 4 mm. longa; styli 2. Capsulae maturae desunt. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1800 m., August 1907 (No. 2391). Closely related to H. longipes Franchet which is chiefly distinguished by broader strigose or glabrescent leaves, strigose branchlets, longer petioles and white flowers. From all allied species H. glabripes differs in the leaves having a densely villous under side and at the same time a glabrous petiole and a glabrous or nearly gla- brous midrib. Hydrangea aspera D. Don, var. velutina Rehder, n. var. Differt a typo foliis minoribus subtus densius velutino-hirtellis, floribus fertilibus sterilibusque coeruleis v. roseis minoribus, stylis plerumque 2. Folia oblongo-ovata v. ovato-lanceolata, fimbriato- denticulata, 8-12 cm. longa et 3-5 cm. lata; petioli 1-2 cm. longi; petala, stamina, styli coerulea; flores radiantes steriles 3 cm. diam., sepalis crenato-serratis. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1800-2400 m., July 1908 (Nos. 2405,2403 (floribus omnibus sterilibus)); Mupin, thickets, SAXIFRAGACEAE. — HYDRANGEA 31 alt. 1200-1500 m., June 1908 (No. 2404); Lungan Fu, thickets, alt. 1800-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4482). This form is probably best treated as a variety of H. aspera, though it shows a close relation to H. villosa; it lacks, however the villous and fulvous hairs of that species. In No. 2404 and 4482 the pubescence is less velutinous and approaches that of H. strigosa. Hydrangea aspera, var. scabra Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit praecipue foliis ovatis v. ovato-oblongis, basi rotun- data V. subcordata, supra manifeste scabra, subtus dense velutino- hirtellis, 12-18 cm. longis et 7.5-10 cm. latis. Capsula circa 3 mm. diam., sty lis 2. Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2400 m., October 1910 (No. 4485). In the shape of the leaves this variety approaches somewhat H. Rosthornii Diels, but is easily distinguished by the nearly velutinous pubescence of the under side of the leaves and by the shorter petioles. Hydrangea strigosa Rehder, n. sp. ■— ■"•'--; H. aspera Hemsley in Jour. Linn Sac. XXIII. 272 (not D. Don) (1887).— Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 283 (1910). H. aspera, f. typica Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 375 (1900). Frutex 2-3 m. altus, ramulis junioribus teretibus v. leviter angu- latis strigosis, vetustioribus griseo-brunneis lenticellis destitutis. Folia oblonga v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata, denti- culato-serrata serraturis porrectis parvis mucronulatis, 8-23 cm. longa et 2-6 cm. lata, supra sparse strigosa, subtus densius strigosa, praecipue ad venas; petioli 1.5-3 cm. longi, dense strigosi. Cyma convexa, radiis 5-7, dense strigosa; flores radiantes graciliter pedi- cellati, sepalis late ovalibus plerumque mucronulatis integris v. sparse serrulatis; flores fertiles albi; sepala triangularia, calycis di- midium tubum parce strigosum vix aequantia, glabra v. fere glabra; petala ovato-oblonga, 2 mm, longa; stamina longiora circa 6 mm. longa, breviora dimidio breviora; styli 2. Capsula hemispherica, truncata, 3 mm. alta, costata; semina late elliptica, utrinque subito in alam contracta, striata, 0.6 mm. longa, flavo-brunnea. Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 500- 1200 m., August and December 1907 (No. 765, type): Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1500 m., August and December 1907 (Nos. 773, 2394); Patung Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1500 m., August 1907 (Nos. 2392, 2395); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1800 m., August 1907 (No. 2390, with all the flowers sterile); Packang, 1901 (Veitch 32 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Exped. No. 1473); South Wushan, 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 2446); without locaUty, 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 2527); A. Henry (No. 1083). Western Szech'uan: Mt. Omei, 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4902 with all the flowers sterile); Nanch'uan, Shan-tzu-p'ing, A. von Rosthorn (No. 299). Closely related to H. aspera D. Don which chiefly differs in the fimbriate-denticu- late leaves being on the under side on the veins and veinlets covered with a villose- hirtellous, not appressed strigose pubescence and in the larger capsules with usually three styles. The difference in pubescence and serration, serrulate, with the teeth pointing forward in //. strigosa, and denticulate or dentate with spreading teeth in H. aspera, seems to distinguish clearly the Chinese from the Himalayan plant of which I have seen Wallich's No. 440 B; the pubescence of that specimen agrees well with Don's original description "foHis . . . subtus dense cano-tomen- tosis " and Clarke's description "under surface with gray woolly hairs," terms which hardly could be applied to the strigose pubescence of the Chinese plant. In size and shape of foliage the Chinese plant seems exceedingly variable, and the fol- lowing forms pass gradually into each other. Hydrangea strigosa, var. macrophylla Rehder, n. comb. H. aspera, var. macrophylla Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 273 (1887). — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 375 (1900). Western Hupen: A. Henry (Nos. 2083, 6477); Fang Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 1300 m., Au'»ist 1907 (No. 571); Hsing-shan Hsien, thicket, alt. 900-1200 m., August and December 1907 (No. 757). Western Szech'uan: Mt. Omei, July 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4902); Nan- cl " lan, Chang-kou, September 18, 1891, A. von Rosthorn (No. 953). The leaves of this form are sometimes 28 cm. in length and 11 cm. in width and are generally ovate-lanceolate or sometimes ovate-oblong and nearly rounded at the base. This form passes gradually into the type, and some specimens enumerated under the type, as Wilson's Nos. 2394 and also No. 773 and Henry's No. 1083, with leaves 22 cm. long and 6.5 cm. broad, might perhaps be referred to var. macrophylla, but the leaves are comparatively narrow and cuneate at the base. Hydrangea strigosa, var. sinica Rehder, n. comb. H. aspera, var. f sinica Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 375 (1900). Western Hupeh: A. Henry (No. 185); Nan-t'o, A. Henry (No. 2206). Western Szech'uan: Nanch'uan, Ma-fou-hn-p'o, August 26, 1901, A. von Rosthorn (No. 629). Differs in its oblanceolate or oblong-obovate leaves rarely exceeding 10 cm. in length, the leaves having generally their greatest width above the middle, not below as in the other forms. Hydrangea strigosa, var. angustifolia Rehder, n. comb. H. aspera var. i angustifolia Diels 1. c. SAXIFKAGACEAE. — HYDRANGEA 33 Western Szech'uan: Wang-t'ien-ling, August 9, 1891, A. von Rosihorn (No. 1168, type). Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, thickets, alt. 30-60 m., September 1907 (Nos. 2393, 2396). Wilson's No. 2396 with the leaves 23 cm. long and 3.7 cm. broad approaches var. macrophylla, but on account of the narrowness of the leaves it finds its place perhaps better here. Hydrangea Rosthomii Diels in BoL Jahrb. XXIX. 374 (1900). Western Szech'uan: Nanchuan, Ya-chih-pa, August 1891, A. von Rosthorn (No. 471, type); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1500-2400 m., July, September and November 1908 (Nos. 1156, 1348, 1372, 2414); Ta- chien-lu, thickets, alt. 1800-2500 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1365), October 1910 (No. 4337); Mupin, thickets, alt. 2400 m., October 1910 (No. 4341); Mt. Omei, July 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4903). The close relationship of this species with H. robusta Hooker f. & Thomson is still more evident in Wilson's specimens than in the type specimen; the leaves of Wilson's specimens are larger, the largest measuring 25 cm. in length and 17 cm. in width, the longest petiole is 20 cm. long and in some specimens the sterile flowers have strongly toothed sepals. It is also closely related to H. longipes Franchet, which is chiefly distinguished by its smaller and thinner, coarsely serrate leaves, less densely strigose or glabrescent beneath. , Hydrangea longipes Franchet in Nouv. Arch Mus. Paris, ser. 2, VIII. 228 {PI. David. II. 45) (1885). Hydrangea (§ Calyptranthe) longipes Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Sac. XXIII. ''"S (1887). Hydrangea aspera, var. a longipes Diels in Bat. Jahrb. XXIX. 374 (1900). Hydrangea {Calyptranthe) Hemsleyana Diels I. c. 376 (1900). — Pampanini in Nuov. Giom. Bot. Hal. n. ser. XVII. 284 (1910). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, June 1869, P. David; Mupin, thick- ets, alt. 1800 m., July 1908 (No. 2406); alt. 1500-2100 m., October 1910 (No. 4342); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1100-2100 m., July 1908 (No. 2400); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1800 m., July 1808 (No. 2401); Wa-shan, thickets, 1800-2400 m., July 1908 (No. 2413); northeast of Sungpan, thickets, alt. 1800- 2200 m., October 1910 (No. 4330); Lungan Fu, alt. 1800-2400 m., August 1910 (No. 4481); Nanch'uan, A. von Rosthorn (No. 1931). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, cliffs and thickets, alt. 1300- 1500 m., July 1907 (No. 2402); north and south of Ichang, thickets and rocky places, alt. 1200-1800 m., June and November 1907 (No. 580); Patung, May 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1213); without locality, August 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 2514); A. Henry (Nos. 5839 A, 5839 B). 34 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Hydrangea longipes is closely related to H. Giraldii Diels and also to H. rohusta Hooker f . & Thomson as Franchet has already stated, and some of the specimens, as Wilson's No. 580, which has rather densely pubescent and large leaves, seem somewhat intermediate. Hydrangea longipes Franchet and H. longipes Hemsley are identical; the apparent discrepancies in the descriptions do not exist in reality. First it is to be stated that H. longipes Hemsley does not belong in the section Calyptranthe where Hemsley placed it, apparently misled by the fact that the petals occasionally cohere at the apex, but this may happen in almost all species of the subsection Asperae, which does not differ in the structure of its flowers from Calyptranthe. The description of Franchet contains some misleading inaccuracies; the flowers have 10 stamens and 2 styles, not 5 stamens and 3 styles as Franchet describes them, and the leaves of at least part of the specimens collected by David attain a length of four inches, while Franchet says "folia vix ultra-pollicaria." The only difference I can find between Franchet's and Hemsley's specimens is the somewhat slighter pubescence of the latter, the leaves being sometimes nearly glabrous. A form based on No. 846 of C. Silvestri from the mountains of Chia- yuen-kou, western Hupeh, with the radiant flowers smaller and greenish has been described by Pampanini as H. Hemsleyana, var. Pavoliniana (Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 284 [1910]). Hydrangea anomala D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 211 (1825). Hydrangea altissima WalHch, Tent. Fl. Nepal, t. 50 (1826). Hydrangea glabra, Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXV. 89, t. 6 (Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, common, alt. 1200- 1800 m., May and October 1907 (No. 491, in part); Packang, July 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 894); A. Henry (No. 6511). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, woodlands, alt. 1800-2500 m., June and Octo- ber 1908 (No. 491, in part); Mt. Omei, July 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4901); Nanch'uan, Yang-yii-ping, A. von Rosthorn (No. 51); South Wushan, A. Henry (Nos. 5557, 5658). Formosa: Mt. Morrison, T. Kawakami & U. Mori (No. 1723 ex Hayata). I have been unable to detect in Hayata's description and plate any character by which to distinguish his H. glabra from H. anomala. SYNOPSIS OF THE CHINESE SPECIES OF HYDRANGEA. As the determination of the copious material collected by Wilson of this genus has necessitated a study of all the Hydrangeas of China and the adjacent parts of Asia, it may be useful to place the results of this study permanently on record in the shape of a synopsis of all the Chinese species of Hydrangea. KEY TO THE SPECIES. * Semina exalata v. utrinque in alam protracta; petala apice soluta, patentia; frutices erecti raro scandentes ramulis annotinis medulla alba solida ampla. Sect. I. EUHYDRANGEA. t Ovarium semisuperum; capsula ovoidea apice in stylos plerumque 3 attenu- ata; stamina petala vix v. paullo superantia, subaequalia. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — HYDRANGEA 35 t Semina exalata v. alis brevissimis instructa; cyma plana, rarius convexa; petala plerumque tarde decidua, sub anthesi reflexa. Subsect. 1. PETALANTHAE. Cyma basi foliis suffulta; pars libera capsulae tubo calycis longior; folia denticulata v. denticulata-serrata. Cyma umbellam sessilem formans (rarius ramulis oppositis remotis simulque foliis glabris) ; capsulaovoidea longior quam lata; petala obovata. Folia glabra, subtus viridia, chartacea v. coriacea; flores radian tes pauci V. deficientes 1. H. chinensis. Folia subtus glaucescentia sparse ad venas densius pubescentia; cyma manifeste urabelliformis 2. H. umbellata. Cyma e ramulis oppositis plus minus remotis composita; folia ad venas saltern pubescentia; flores fertiles coerulei; petala oblongo-obovata V. lanceolata. Sepala anguste lanceolata; petala lanceolata; styli recti v. leviter apice curvati; capsula subglobosa, absque styli latior quam longa 3. H. Davidii. Sepala triangulari-ovata; petala obovato-oblonga; styli apice revo- luti; folia plerumque oblanceolato-oblonga; capsula ovoidea, absque stylis paullo longior quam lata 4. //. yunnanensis. Cyma pedunculata aphylla; pars libera capsulae tubo calycis brevior, rarius aequilonga; folia argute serrata; flores fertiles coerulei v. rosei. Folia utrinque et ramuli strigillosa pilis basi bulbosis; flores radian tes disepali pauci 5. H. Moellendorfii. Folia utrinque glabra v. supra sparse pilosa et subtus secus venas vil- losa; ramuli glabri; flores radiantes quadrisepali. 6. H. opuloides. J J Semina utrinque in alam protracta; flores fertiles albi; cyma corymbiformis et convexa v. paniculiformis; petala cito decidua. Subsect. 2. HETEROMALLAE. Inflorescentia manifeste paniculata; folia subtus ad venas tantum pu- bescentia v. glabrescentia 7. H. paniculata. Inflorescentia cymosa plerumque convexa. Folia subtus glabrescentia, ad venas tantum v. interdum ad venulas sparse pubescentia. Folia subtus glauca, sub lente dense papillosa, ad venas pilis sericeis dense obtecta, basi rotundata 8. H. hypoglauca. Folia subtus pallide viridia sine papillis, ad venas strigosa, basi plus minus attenuata 9. H. xanthoneura. Folia subtus tota facie pubescentia. Folia subtus pubescentia tantum. Folia subtus ad costam mediam venasque dense pilis flavidis ad- pressis obtecta, ceterum laxe villoso-strigosa, clliptica, grossius serrata 10. //. pubinervis. Folia subtus cinereo-villosa, plerumque ovato-oblonga, denticu- lato-serrulata 11. H. Bretschneideri. Folia subtus dense albo-tomentosa, denticulato-serrulata. 12. H. mandnrinorum. tt Ovarium totum inferum; capsula hemispherica v. turbinata stylis plerumque duobus Subsect. 3. ASPERAE. t Ramuli petiolique et saepe costa subtus pilis longis patentibus instructa v. tomentosa. 36 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Pubes ramulorum petiolorum costarum subtus trichomatibus camosis, aculeiformibus apice fissis plerumque purpureis crebris interspersa; folia ad 25 cm. longa, basi plerumque rotvmdata v. subcordata. 13. H. Sargentiana. Pubes tantum pilosa v. tomentosa. Capsula et sepala utrinque tomentosula; folia oblongo-lanceolata, ad 20 cm. longa, supra scabra, subtus ad costas tomentosa. 14. H. longifolia. Capsula sepalaque glabra. Frutex scandens; folia oblongo-ovata, utrinque subtus densius scabro-pilosa 15. H. Kawakamii. Frutices erecti. Folia basi cuneata, denticulato-serrulata, subtus dense cinereo- villosa; petioli foliorum superiorum 1.5-3 cm. longi 16. H. villosa. Folia basi rotundata v. subcordata, serrata, subtus hirto-villosa, petioli pilis fulvis instruct! omnes 3-6 cm. longi. 17. H.fulvescens. t J Ramuli petiolique strigosi v. glabri. Folia serrata v. denticulata; frutices erecti. Folia subtus hirto-villosa. Ramuli petiolique glabra; folia anguste lanceolata, serrulata, 2-3 cm. lata 18. H. glabripes. Ramuli petiolique dense strigosa; folia oblongo-lanceolata v. lanceo- lata, rarius ovato-oblonga v. ovata, fimbriato-denticulata, 4-12 cm. lata 19. H. aspera. Folia subtus strigosa v. glabrescentia, denticulato-serrulata v. serrata. Folia basi cuneata; petioli 1.5-3 cm. longi, rarius longiores, serraturis porrectis 20. H. strigosa. Folia basi rotundata v. subcordata, rarius late cuneata, petioli 4-20 cm. longi. Folia denticulato-serrulata et saepe duplicato-denticulata serraturis setoso-mucronulatis, ad 25 cm. longa, subtus dense strigosa, sub- chartacea 21. H. Rosthornii. Folia serrata, serratiu-is late triangularibus, breviter acuminatis, 6- 18 cm. longa, subtus strigosa v. glabrescentia, membranacea. 22. H. longipes. Folia Integra; flores steriles sepalis plerumque 2; frutices scandentes. Folia ovata v. elliptica, basi rotundata 23. H. integrifolia. Folia oblongo-elliptica, basi attenuata 24:. H. Integra. ** Semina undique ala angusta cincta, compressa, laevia; petala apice coherentia calyptratim decidua; frutices radicibus scandentes ramulis medulla brunnea angustiore evanescente ideoque subfistulosis. Sect. II. CALYPTRANTHE. Stamina 10; folia ovata v. elliptica basi cimeata v. rotundata, denticulato- serrata 25. H. anomala. Stamina 15; folia late ovata, basi truncata v. subcordata, argute serrata. 26. H. petiolaris. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — HYDRANGEA 37 ENUMERATION OF THE SPECIES. Sect. I. EUHYDRANGEA Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. PUershourg, 64r. 7, X. No. XVI. 7 (1867). Subsect. 1. PETALANTHAE Maximowicz, I. c. This subsection is taken here in a wider sense than in its original conception and includes all the species with a wingless or nearly wingless seed. The ovary is partly superior with 3-4 styles and the cymes are usually flat; the petals are spreading or reflexed and usually persistent during anthesis. Petioles 1-3, rarely 5 cm. long. 1. Hydrangea chinensis Maximowicz, I. c. (1867) — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 273 (1887). Fokien: April- June 1905, S. T. Dunn (No. 2664). Formosa: Tamsuy, 1864, R. Oldham; Bankinsing, A. Henry (Nos. 98, 590, 1716). 2. Hydrangea umbellata Rehder. See p. 25. 3. Hydrangea Davidii Franch. See p. 25. 4. Hydrangea yunnanensis Rehder, n. sp. Frutex metraUs v. ultra ramulis hornotinis dense strigilloso-villosulis, annotinis flavescentibus. Folia membranacea, oblonga v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata, dentata v. denticulata basi excepta, 7-12 cm. longa et 2.5-4 cm. lata, supra luteo-viridia, sparse setulosa v. glabrescentia, ad costam dense strigil- loso-villosa, subtus pallida, costa venisque setulosis exceptis glabrescentia v. in- terdum parce setulosa, utrinsecus 10-14-costata; petioli crispulo-villosi, circa 1 cm. longi. Cyma fere plana v. convexa, radiis 5-7 oppositis remotis composita, strigi- loso-villosa ; flores steriles 3-4 cm. diam., sepalis 3-4, late ovatis albis plerumque paucidentatis v. denticulatis; flores fertiles cyanei pedicellis plerumque receptaculo brevioribus; calycis dentes triangulari-ovati; petala obovato-oblonga, staminibus longioribus subaequilonga, circa 3 mm. longa; styU 3. Capsula ovoidea stylis persistentibus inclusis 4-5 mm. longa, pars libera fere duplo longior quam tubus calycis; styli apice valde recurvati stigmatibus fere circulum formantes; semina late elliptica, exalata. Yunnan: Mengtze, mountain forests to the north, alt. 2100 m., A. Henry (Nos. 10236, 10236 B). Closely related to H. Davidii Franch. which is easily distinguished by its linear- lanceolate sepals, lanceolate petals, longer and slenderer pedicels, suborbicular capsules and straight styles only slightly curved at the apex. 5. Hydrangea Moellendorfii Hance in Jour. Bot. XII. 177 (1874). Kiangsi: near Iviukiang (ex Hance). I have seen no specimen of this species, but as Hance states that it is closely related to H. hirta I assume that the inflorescence is peduncled and leafless as in that species. 6. Hydrangea opuloides K. Koch, Dendr. I. 353 (1869). Hydrangea japonica Siebold in Nov. Act. Acad- Leop.-Carol. XIV. pt. ii. 689 {Syn. Hydrang.) (1829). Hydrangea opuloides, var. Hortensia Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. III. 322 (1893). Hortensia opuloides Lsi.mavck, Encycl. III. 136 (1789). — Jacquin, Fragm. Bot. 7, t. 3 (1800). Hortensia japonica Gmelin, Syst. II. 722 (1791). — Zorn, Auswahl Schon. Gew. III. 58, t. 149 (1796). Hydrangea hortensis Smith, Icon. Pict. t. 12 (1792). — Sims in Bot. Mag. XIII. t. 438 (1799). — Savi, Fl. Ital. III. 65, t. 110 (1824). 38 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Hortensia mutabilis Schneevoogt, Icon. PL Rar. 36 t. (1793). Hortensia speciosa Targioni-Tozzetti in Ann. Imp. Mus. Firenze, I. Obs. Bot. 36, t. 2 (1808). Hydrangea Hortensia Siebold in Nov. Act. Acad. Leop.-Carol. XIV. pt. ii, 688 (Syn. Hydrang.) (1829). Hydrangea japonica, y Hortensia Regel in Gartenfl. XV. 290 (1866). Hydrangea Hortensia, e Hortensia Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. PUers- bourg, b6t. 7, X. No. XVI. 14 (1867). Hydrangea hortensis, var. Hortensia Rehder in Bailey Cycl. Am. Hort. II. 785 (1900). Hupeh: A. Henry (No. 7385 with all the flowers sterile). Szech'uan: Nan- ch'uan, August 24, 1891, A. von Rosthorn (No. 602 with all the flowers sterile); Shi-tsu-kou, July 27, 1891, A. von Rosthorn (No. 75, without flowers). No. 7385 of Henry and No. 602 of Rosthorn represent the form with all the flowers sterile, Uke the well-known garden forms. As long as the form with fertile flowers has not been collected in a wild state in western China, its spontaneous occurrence must remain doubtful. So far no European collector has ever seen and collected it wild in these regions and the notes of the native collector who gathered the plants for A. von Rosthorn must be taken with some caution. Subsect. 2. HETEROMALLAE Rehder, n. subsect. Piptopetalae Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, s6t. 7, X. No. XVI. 8 (in part) (1867). This subsection is chiefly characterized by the partly superior ovary with 3-4 styles and by the seeds with a wing on each end. The inflorescence is strongly convex with remote ramifications and sometimes paniculiform; the fertile flowers are white in the Chinese species and the petals drop before the opening of the anthers. The petioles do not exceed 5 cm. in length. 7. Hydrangea paniculata Siebold. See p. 25. 8. Hydrangea hypoglauca Rehder. See p. 26. 9. Hydrangea xanthoneura Diels. See p. 26. 10. Hydrangea pubinervis Rehder. See p. 27. 11. Hydrangea Bretschneideri Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. III. 320 (1893). — Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XII. 121 (1903). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 390, fig. 250 h-1, 251 a-b (1905). Hydrangea pubescens? Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, IX. 472 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (nom. nudum, not Decaisne) (1859). — Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr. 189 (1893). Hydrangea vestita, var. pubescens Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Peters- bourg, X. No. XVI. 10 (excl. synon. Decaisne) (1867). — Sargent in Gard. and For. III. 17, fig. 3 (1S90). Hydrangea aspera Zabel m Gartenfl. XXXVIII. 461 (not Don) (1889). Hydrangea pekinensis Hort., synon. ex Dippel, I. c. Hydrangea vestita Hort., synon. ex Dippel, I. c. Chili: near Pekin (ex Maximowicz). In cultivation; originally raised from seed collected by Dr. Bretschneider near Pekin and sent to the Arnold Arboretum (Koehne, Herb. Dendr. No. 4070). I do not see any reason to doubt the identity of Bretschneider's plant with the H. vestita, var. pubescens Maximowicz; the description of the latter agrees exactly with the form cultivated in the Arnold Arboretum which shows a much denser pubescence than Koehne's No. 4070. The true H. heteromalla Don (H. vestita Wallich) is easily distinguished by the dense white tomentum of the under side of the leaves and their fimbriately denticulate margin. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — HYDRANGEA 39 Hydrangea Bretschneideri, var. lancifolia Rehder. See p. 28. Hydrangea Bretschneideri, var. Giraldii Rehder, n. var. Hydrangea Giraldii Dials in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 373 (1900). I am not able to separate H. Giraldii specifically from H. Bretschneideri; it seems to differ only in narrower leaves gradually narrowed into the petiole and in the paler color of the bark. In the shape of the leaves it resembles H. xanthoneura, var. Wilsonii Rehd. which is easily distinguished by the leaves being glabrous or nearly so beneath. Northern Shensi: T'ai-pa-shan, December 1893, G. Giraldi (No. 1169! No. 1172 ex Diels); Huan-tou-shan, Ki-shan, G. Giraldi (No. 1167, 1171 ex Diels); Tue-lian-pin, G. Giraldi (No. 1168). 12. Hydrangea mandarinoriim Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 372 (1900). Szech'uan: Nanch'uan, A. von Rosthorn (No. 1932 in Herb. Christiania). Diels places this species in the section Petalanthae, but it does not differ in the structure of its flowers from H. heteromalla Don and its allies. Subsect. 3. ASPERAE Rehder, n. subsect. Piptopetalae Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, X. No. XVI. 8 (in part) (1867). This subsection is chiefly characterized by the inferior ovary developing into a hemispheric or turbinate capsule truncate at the apex. The seeds have a wing on each end; the styles are usually 2; the petals fall off before the stamens are fully developed, sometimes as a whole by cohering at the apex. The petioles sometimes attain 20 cm. in length. 13. Hydrangea Sargentiana Rehder. See p. 29. 14. Hydrangea longifolia Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXV. 91 {Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908). Formosa: Taitou, Torokusha, T. Kawakami & G. Nakahara (No. 690, ex Hayata) . 15. Hydrangea Kawakamii Hayata, I. c. 90, t. 8 (1908). Formosa: Mt. Morrison, alt. 2300 m., T. Kawakami &-U . Mori (No. 1875, ex Hayata). 16. Hydrangea villosa Rehder. See p. 29. Hydrangea villosa, var. strigosior Rehder, n. comb. Hydrangea aspera, var. strigosior Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 375 (1900). Szech'uan: Tsaku-lao, Wei-kuan, August 20, 1891, A. von Rosthorn (No. 2546). Hupeh: A. Henry (No. 2473); August 1901, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 1473^, with sterile flowers). Differs from the type by its less villous tomentum. Branchlets usually only appressed strigose with fulvous hairs at the nodes; petioles hirsute with fulvous hairs interspersed; leaves hirsute- villose beneath, the hairs on the veins scarcely longer and not fulvous. 17. Hydrangea fulvescens Rehder, n. sp. Frutex circa 1 m. altus ramulis junioribus parce strigosis pilis patentibus rufescentibus intermixtis, vetustioribus griseo-brunneis peridermate solubili. Folia membranacea, ovata v. ovato-oblonga, acuminata, basi rotundata v. sub- cordata, irregulariter serrata serraturis triangularibus acuminatis plerumque curvatis, 9-13 cm. longa et 4.5-8.5 cm. lata, supra flavo-viridia, strigosa, in costa venisque densius strigosa, subtus pallidiora dense hirtello-strigosa in costa media venisque pilis longis hirtis fulvis praedita, utrinsecus 7-9-costata; petioli graciles, pilis hirtis et interdum strigosis obsiti, 3-9 cm. longi. Cyma plerumque 5-radiata, laxa, strigosa pilis patentibus fulvis interspersis; flores radiantes albi sepalis 4 40 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA orbiculato-obovatis integris leviter emarginatis; flores fertiles coerulescentes; calycis dentes triangulares, vix tubum dimidium aequantes; petala oblongo-ovata, circa 2 mm. longa; stamina longiora 6-7 mm. longa, brevioribus duplo longiora; styli 2; ovarium inferum. Capsulae maturae desiderantur. Szech'uan: Wushan, July 1900, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 1393, type). Hup eh: A. Hennj (No. 5949). Closely allied to H. longipes Franchet, which differs in its tomentum consisting only of strigose hairs and in its white fertile flowers. IS. Hydrangea glabripes Rehder. See p. 30. 19. Hydrangea aspera D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 211 (1824). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Bnt. Ind. II. 404 (1S78). Hydrangea vestita Wallich, Tent. Fl. Nepal, t. 49, fig. 5-8 (in part, excl. fig. 1-4 and flowering branch) (1826). Hydrangea vestita Wallich, var. fimbriata WaUich, Cat. No. 440 B. (nomen nu- dum) (1828). — De Candolle, Prodr. IV. 14 (1830). Yunnan: Mengtze, alt. 1800 m., A. Henry (No. 9208). This is the only Chinese specimen I have seen which I can refer to the typical H. aspera. The capsules, however, are smaller than in the type and have partly 2 and partly 3 styles. The variety described by Pampanini as H. aspera, var. cordata (in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 283, [1910]), based on Nos. 835, 835^ of C. Silvestri from Ou-tan-shan, western Hupeh, probably does not belong to H. aspera nor to H. strigosa, but as I have seen no specimens and the description given is too brief, I am not able to place it. Hydrangea aspera, var. velutina Rehder. See p. 30, Hydrangea aspera, var. scabra Rehder. See p. 31. 20. Hydrangea strigosa Rehder. See p. 31. 21. Hydrangea Rosthomii Diels. See p. 33. 22. Hydrangea longipes Franchet. See p. 33. Hydrangea longipes, var. lanceolata Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 274 (1887). Hupeh: Ichang, A. Henry (No. 1786, type). Szech'uan: Changyang, June 1900, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 1150). 23. Hydrangea integrifolia Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXII. 131 {Enum- PL Formos.) (1906). Formosa: on rocks, Taitou, U. Faurie (No. 105 ex Hayata). 24. Hydrangea Integra Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sd. Tokyo, XXV. 90, t. 7 (Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908). Formosa: Mt. Morrison, T. Kavoikami & U. Mori (No. 1723 ex Hayata). Sect. II. CALYPTRANTHE Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, X. No. XVI. 16 (1867). This section is well characterized by the compressed seeds having a narrow wing all around, by the climbing habit, the branchlets affixing themselves by means of rootlets, by the brown partly evanescent pith of the one year old branchlets and by the petals being thrown off as a whole by the extending stamens. The falling off as a whole of the petals occurs also occasionally in the section Asperae, which hardly differs from Calyptranthe in the structure of the flowers and also contains a few climbing species. 25. Hydrangea anomala D. Don. See p. 34. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — SCHIZOPHRAGMA 41 26. Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. I. 106, t. 54 (1835). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubhohk. I. 393, fig. 252 a-i (1905). Hydrangea cordifolia Siebold & Zuccarini, I. c. 113, t. 59, fig. 2 (1835). Hydrangea bracteata Siebold & Zuccarini, I. c. 176, t. 92 (1835). Hydrangea scandens Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, s6r. 7, X. No. XVI. 16 (1867). Hydrangea tiliaefoUa L6veil\6 in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. VIII. 282 (1910). Korea: Quelpaert, U. Faurie (Nos. 358, 1654), T. Taquet (Nos. 809, 2884). Faurie's Nos. 358 and 1654 and Taquet's No. 809 are the type numbers of L6- veill^'s H. tiliaefoUa, which is undistinguishable from H. petiolaris. The following three Chinese species from Kwei-chau recently described by L4- veille I am not able to place, as I have seen no specimens, and the descriptions are too incomplete for recognition. Hydrangea Maximowiczii L6veilld in Bull. Acad. Intern. Geog. Bat. XII. 114 (1903). Hydrangea Kamienskii Leveill(5, I. c. 115. Hydrangea Arbostiana Leveille, I. c. 115. The first resembles in its short stamens H. Lobbii Maximowicz, but differs in its tomentose pubescence, the second is closely related apparently to H. heteromalla Don, but has lanceolate petals, while the third may belong either to the Peta- lanthae or to the Heteromallae, the description of the seeds as "imperfecte ob- longa" may mean that they are winged or wingless. SCHIZOPHRAGMA Sieb. & Zucc. Determined by Alfred Rehder. Schizophragma integrifolium Oliver in Hooker's Icon. XX. t. 1934 (1890). Schizophragma hydrangeoides, var. integrifolium Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, VIII. 266 (1885); PL David. II. 44 (1888.) Schizophragma Fauriei Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXII. 131. (Enum. PL Formos.) (1906.) Western Szech'uan: Mupin (type locality), rocky places, cliffs, alt. 1600-1800 m., July and October 1908 (No. io68), Nov., 1908 (No. 1251, fruiting specimen), alt. 1800-2300 m., October 1910 (No. 4339); Wa-shan, rocky places, alt. 1200-1800 m., August, 1908 (No. 1 194); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, rocky places, alt. 1200- 2100 m., Aug., 1908 (No. 2568); without locality, cliffs, alt. 1400 m., June 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3562). Formosa: Mt. Taitou, U. Faurie (No. 104, ex Hayata). A very variable species; the typical form which is represented by the plant of western Szech'uan is characterized by large and broad leaves, generally ovate, and subcordatc at the base, of firm, sometimes subcoriaceous texture, entire or only sparingly denticulate near the apex, glabrous and green beneath and more or less reticulate. All the specimens quoted above belong to this form except Faurie's No. 104 from Formosa, which I have not seen; it may represent a form differenc 42 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA from any of the following four varieties. No. 4339 has the petioles and the leaves slightly pubescent beneath, and may be considered a transition to the following variety. Schizophragma integrifolium, var. moUe Rehder, n. var, Differt a typo foliis subtus dense et molliter pubescentibus petiolis 1.5-6 cm. longis, villosis cyma laxe pubescente. Sepala florum ste- rilium ovata, basi rotundata, acutiuscula, 5-8 cm. longa, 3-5 cm. lata. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, cliffs, alt. 1600-1800 m., July 1908 (No. 1251, in part, flowering specimen only); Mupin, cliffs, alt. 1800 m., July 1908 (No. 1251, in part, flowering specimen). Strikingly different from the type in the dense and soft tomentum of the under side of the leaves, which otherwise in texture, size and shape resemble closely those of the typical form. Schizophragma integrifolium, var. denticulatum Rehder, n. var. Differt a typo foliis membranaceis vel fere chartaceis, ovato-oblongis vel ovatis, basi rotundatis, acuminatis, minuto-dentatis vel denticu- latis basi excepta, 10-15 cm. longis et 5.5-9 cm. latis, concoloribus, sub- tus ad venas laxe et ad venulas sparse pilosis, petiolis glabrescentibus, 3-7 cm. longis. Sepala florum sterilium ovato-oblonga basi late cuneata, 4-6 (-8) cm. longa et 2-3 (-4) cm. lata. Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, rocky places, alt. 1200 m., June 1907 (No. 2563); Hsing-shan Hsien, cliffs, rocky places, alt. 1200- 1800 m., November, July and August 1907 (Nos. 572, 2566, 2567); Changyang Hsien, rocks, sunny places, alt. 900-1200 m., April and July 1907 (No. 2564); South Wushan, cliffs, alt. 1200 m., July and September 1907 (No. 2565); Fang Hsien, cliffs, alt. 1800-2100 m., October 1910 (No. 4462); without locality, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1065), July 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1320); Patung, July 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1158). Kiangsi: Kuling, common among rocks, alt. 900 m., August 1907 (No. 1727). Differs from the type in its thinner, dentate or denticulate leaves, slightly pu- bescent on the veins beneath or sometimes glabrous. In the No. 2563 which I consider the type of this variety and also in No. 4462 the leaves are sinuately dentate, while in all the others they are merely denticulate. Schizophragma integrifolium, var. glaucescens Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit foliis chartaceis, ovatis v. oblongo-ovatis, basi rotundatis v. late cuneatis, integris, 8-12 cm. longis et 3.5-7 cm. latis, supra laete viridibus, subtus glaucescentibus glabris sed in axillis barbatis; sepalis florum sterilium oblongis acutiusculis, basi cuneatis, 3.5-5 cm. longis et 1-2 cm. latis. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DICHROA 43 Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, cliffs, alt. 1200-1800 m., July 1908 (No. 2569). Differs from the type in its thinner and smaller leaves glaucescent beneath, sometimes nearly oblong in outline and in its smaller sterile flowers. To complete the enumeration of the Chinese Schizophragmas, the following varieties and species which are not represented in the recent Wilson collection are appended here. Schizophragma integrifolium, var. minus Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit foliis membranaceis, ovatis, v. subcordatis, integris v. fere integris, minoribus, tantum 8-10 cm. longis et 5.5-6.5 cm. latis, supra flavo-viridibus, subtus pallidioribus, sepalis florum sterilium oblongo-ovatis, acutiusculis, basi cuneatis, 3-3.5 cm. longis et 1-1.5 latis. Hupeh: A. Henry (No. 5965, type); South Washan, wet place, June 1900, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 1065). Differs from the type in its smaller and thinner leaves and much smaller sterile flowers. Schizophragma hypoglaucum Rehder, n. sp. Frutex radicibus scandens. FoUa chartacea, oblongo-ovata, manifeste acumin- ata, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, integerrima, 8-15 cm. longa et 3.5-6.5 lata, supra obscure viridia glabra, subtus glauca (sub microscopio dense papillosa), glabra axillis barbatis exceptis. Cyma fere glabra; tubus calycis glaber; sepala florum sterilium oblonga vel anguste oblonga, basi cuneata, apice obtusa, subtus glaucescentia et papillosa, 3-5 cm. longa et 7-17 mm. lata. Szech'uan : Mt. Omei, July 1904, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 4885). In the shape and smoothness of the leaves it resembles much S. integrifolium, var. glaucescens Rehder which has the leaves glaucescent beneath, but the species is easily distinguished by the intensely glaucous color of the under side of the leaves and particularly by the papillae which are entirely wanting in that variety, also by the dark green upper side, the glabrous caly:x-tube and the obtuse sepals of the sterile flowers. It is so strikingly different from typical S. integrifolium that it is hardly advisable, though the variety glaucescens seems to represent a connecting link, to consider it a variety of that species, particularly as the papillosity of the under side of the leaves affords a good morphological character for separation. Schizophragma hydrangeoides Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap., I. 59, t. 26. (1835). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk I. 393, fig. 252 a-i (1905). Hydrangea Taquetii L4veill6, in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. VIII. 282 (1910). Korea: Quelpaert, T. Taquet (Nos. 807,808,2885). So far as I know S. hydrangeoides has never been reported from Korea before. Taquet's No. 807 and 808 represent the type of Hydrangea Taquetii Leveill4. DICHROA Lour. Determined by Alfred Rehder. Dichroa f ebrifuga Loureiro, Fl. Cochin. 301 (1790). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 275 (1887). Western Hupeh: Ichang, ravines, alt. 1-500 m., June 1907 (No. 44 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 2956). Western Szech'uan: Chang-yang, June 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1174); Mt. Omei, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4890). Fokien, Kwangtung and Hong Kong (ex Hemsley). ITEA L. Determined by Alfred Rehder. Itea ilicifolia Oliver in Hooker's Icon. XVI. t. 1538 (1886). Western Hupeh: Ichang, abundant, alt. 300-900 m., June, Sep- tember and November 1907 (No. 325, in part); April 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 144). Western Szech'uan: near Wa-shan, cliffs, alt. 900 m., July 1908 (No. 325, in part). RIBES L. Determined by Ed. Janczewski. Ribes himalayense Decaisne, a glandulosum Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat. 1910, 69. Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, rocky places, alt. 2100-2550 m., June 1908 (No. 999); Mupin, woodland, 1800-2400 m., July 1908 (Nos. 799, 1800). Ribes himalayense, 7 urceolatum Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat. 1910, 69. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 2250 m., September 1907 (No. 317). Ribes Meyeri Maximowicz, a tanguticum Janczewski, Monogr. GroseilU 299 (1907). Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 1200-1800 m., August 1908 (No. 803); Mupin, thickets, alt. 1800-2100 m., August 1908 (No. 896). Ribes moupinense Franchet, yS tripartitum (BataHn) Janczewski, Monogr. Groseill. 300 (1907). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1500 m., June 1907 (No. 1802), thickets, alt. 1200 m., May 26, 1907 (No. 1803). Ribes moupinense, 7 laxiflorum Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat. 1910, 70. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1800 m., July 1908 (No. 822); Ta Hsing-ling, Ching Chi Hsien, among rocks, alt. 1800- » Monographic des Groseilliers, originally published in Mem. Sci. Phys. Genhe, XXXV. SAXIFKAGACEAE. — RIBES 45 2100 m., May 1908 (No. 1797); Chin Ting-shan, thickets, alt. 2400 m., May 23, 1908 (No. iSoi). Ribes longeracemosum Franchet, a Davidii Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat. 1910, 71. Western Szech'uan: Ta Hsiang-ling, Ching Chi Hsien, alt. 2100 m.. May 1908 (No. 898); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 1800-2400 m., June 1908 (No. 898, in part); Ching Chi Hsien, thickets, alt. 2700-3000 m., September 15, 1908 (No. 929); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2100-2400 m., June 1908 (No. 1798). Ribes longeracemosum, /3 Wilsonii Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat. 1910, 71. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woodlands and thickets, alt. 1500- 2400 m.. May 27, August and September 1907 (No. 280). Ribes alpestre Decaisne, a commime Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat. 1910, 72. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 2100-2550 m., May, July and September 1907 (No. 277). Ribes alpestre, /3 giganteum Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat. 1910, 72. Western Szech'uan: common hedge-plant around Tachien-lu, alt. 2400-3350 m., July 9 and 26, 1908 (No. 836). Ribes pulchellum Turczaninow in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, V. 191 (1832). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, among rocks, alt. 2400 m., November 1908 (No. 1246); near Mongkong Ting, side of streams, alt. 2700 m., June 27, 1908 (No. 1789). Ribes Vilmorinii Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat., 1906, 290. Western Szech'uan: Ta-p'ao-shan, Ching-chi Hsien, thickets, alt. 2700 m., September 15, 1908 (No. 913)- Ribes humile Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat., 1910, 73. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, on rocks, alt. 2100 m., June 1908 (No. 1788). Ribes tenue Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat., 1906, p. 290. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, rocky places, alt. 1800 m., July 46 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 1908 (No. 823); Ching Ting-shan, thickets, alt. 1800 m., May 25, 1900 (No. 1794); Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800 m., June 20, 1908 (No. 1795). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 1200 m., May 1907 (No. 38); Tatung Hsien, rocky places, alt. 1500 m., July 1907 (No. 90). Ribes glaciale Wallich in Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. II. 513 (1824). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 2250 m., May 18 and September 1907 (No. 180, forma sepalis angustis); Patung Hsien, cliffs, alt. 1200 m., April 1907 (No. 1790); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, com- mon, alt. 1580 m., May 26, 1907 (No. 1791, forma sepalis latioribus). Ribes glaciale, /3 glandulosum Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat., 1910, 74. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, side of streams in thickets, alt. 1800 m.. May 15, 1907 (Nos. 1792, 1793). Ribes luridum Hooker f. & Thomson in Jour. Linn. Sac. II. 87 (1858). Western Hupeh : Chang-lo Hsien, thickets and cliffs, alt. 1200 m., May and July 1907 (No. 100). Ribes acuminatum Wallich in Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. II. 514 (1824). Western Szech'uan: Chin-ting-shan, alt. 1800-2400 m. (No. 1796). Ribes Maximowiczii Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XI. 487 (1890). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1800 m., September 1908 (No. 870); Chin-ting-shan, thickets, alt. 1500-2250 m.. May 23, 1908 (No. 958); Wa-shan, thickets, 1800-2250 m., August 1908 (No. 958, in part). Ribes Franchetii Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat., 1909, 64, figs. 3, 4. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m.. May 19, 28 and August 1907 (No. 73 in part), September 1907 (No. 191); Hsing-shan Hsien, cUffs and woods, alt. 2250 m., May 3, 1907 (No. 73, in part). Ribes laurifolium Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Sci. Nat., 1910, 79, fig. 6. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, rocks, rare, alt. 2300 m., Septem- ber 1908 (No. 817). ROSACEAE. SORB ARIA A. Br. Determined by Alfred Rehder. Sorbaria arborea Schneider, III. Handh. Laubholzk. I. 490, fig. 297 (1905). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., July and October 1907 (No. 499''); Chang-yang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., July 1907 (No. 2741); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500- 2100 m., July 1907 (No. 2742); Hsing-shan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500-1800 m., July 1907 (No. 2743); Patung Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-2400 m., July 1907 (No. 2743^). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woodlands, alt. 1500-2400 m., November 1908 (No. 1235, in part); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1600-2200 m., July 1908 (No. 2745). This variable species is most nearly related to S. Lindleyana Maximowicz from which it differs in its longer stamens, two or three times as long as the petals, in the shorter caljrx-tube and in the leaflets being cuneate at the base and covered beneath with a fasciculate floccose tomentum or glabrous in one variety. Sorbaria arborea, var. subtomentosa Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit foliis subtus tomento fasciculato densiore usque ad maturitatem persistente vestitis, argute minuteque biserrulatis, venis magis congestis circa 2 mm. tantum distantibus, inflorescentia dense floccosa, densiore, ramis adscendentibus, floribus majoribus, petalis 3 mm. longis, carpellis pubescentibus vel glabris. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 1800-3100 m., November 1908 (No. 1235, fruiting specimen, type); Ta Hsing-ling, Ching-chi Hsien, thickets, alt. 1600-2200 m., August 1908 (No. 2744, flowers) ; Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2100-2400 m., September 1910 (No. 4474). Differs from the type in its denser persistent tomentum of the under side of the leaves, their more closely set veins, 2 mm. apart, while in the type they are 3-4 mm. apart, and in the more densely tomentose inflorescence. In the type speci- men the follicles are sparingly pubescent, while in the flowering specimen they are quite glabrous; therefore these two specimens may possibly represent two dis- tinct forms, but in fohage they are exactly alike. 47 48 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Sorbaria arborea, var. glabrata Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit foliis glabris subtus tantum in axillis barbatis v. interdum ad costam mediam minute puberulis, panicula glabra v. tantum in parte inferiore tomento floccoso cito deciduo vestita. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., July and October 1907 (No. 499). Eastern Szech'uan: South Wushan, A. Henry (No. 6245). Western Szech'uan: West of. Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2100-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4475); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2500 m., Septem- ber 1910 (No. 4476) ; around Sungpan, thickets, alt. 2400-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4477); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2400-2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4340). Differs from the type chiefly in its glabrous foliage. The Hupeh plant, which I consider as representing the type of this variety, has the leaves generally oblong- lanceolate to lanceolate, the inflorescence narrower with ascending branches and the stamens sometimes nearly three times as long as the petals, while the Szech'uan form has the leaflets generally oblong-ovate or oval-ovate, the inflorescence loose with spreading branches and the stamens less than twice as long as the petals. No. 4340 differs again in the more closely set veins of the leaflets, resembling in this respect the var. subtomentosa. RUBUS L. Determined by W. O. Focke. Subgen. DALIBARDA Rubus Fockeanus S. Kurz in Jour. As. Soc. Bengal, XLIV. pt. II. 206 (1875). — Focke in Bihl. Bot. LXXII. 16 {Spec. Ruh.) (1910). Rubus loropetalus Franchet, PI. Delavay. 203 (1890). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, alpine regions, alt. 3300-3700 m., September 1908 (No. 1002). Rubus loropetalus can not be distinguished with certainty in the herbarium from R. Fockeanus. Subgen. CYLACTIS Rubus simplex Focke in Hooker's Icon. X. t. 1948 (l^M); in Bibl- Bot. LXXII. 28 (Spec. Ruh.) (1910). 1^,1 '> Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800 m., September 1907 (No. 282). ROSACEAE. — RUBUS 49 Rubus xanthocarpus Bureau and Franchet in Jour, de Bot. V. 46 (1891). — Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 29 {Spec. Rub.) (1910). Western Szech'uan: Min Valley, Mao-chou, stony places, alt. 1200-2700 m., May and August 1908 (No. 8o6). Subgen. DALIBARDASTRUM Rubus tricolor Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 40 {Spec. Rub.) (1910). Rubus polytrichus Franchet, PI. Delavay. 203 (not Progel in 1882) (1890). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1800-2100 m., July and September 1908 (No. 828). Subgen. MALACHOBATUS Rubus hupehensis Oliver in Hooker's Icon. XIX. t. 1816 (1889). Western Szech'uan: Patung Hsien, alt. 900-1200 m., June and July 1908 (No. 99). I formerly was unable to find clear distinctions in the descriptions of R. Swinhoei Hance and R. hupehensis; therefore I combined the two species. Now I think, however, that there are constant characters by which the two plants can be dis- tinguished. R. Swinhoei is evergreen, whereas R. hupehensis seems to have de- ciduous leaves. Rubus Henryi Hemsley & Kuntze in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 231 (1887). — Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 43 {Spec. Ruh.) (1910). Rubus bambusarum Focke in Hooker's Icon. XX. text to t. 1952 (1891). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 1200- 1800 m., June and August 1907 (No. 48); Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1200-1800 m., June and July 1907 (No. 76). Ternate and simply trifid leaves occur on the same branches of Mr. Wilson's specimens. This shows that R. bambusarum cannot be separated from R. Henryi. Rubus Playfairianus Hemsley (in sched., nom. mutat.) apud Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 45 {Spec. Rub.) (1910). Western Hupeh: common around Ichang, alt. 300-900 m.. May and June 1907 (No. 4). Western Szech'uan: Ta Hsing-hng, Ching Chi Hsien, thickets, alt. 300-900 m.. May 1908 (No. 4''). Rubus chroosepalus Focke in Hooker's Icon. XX. t. 1952 (1891); in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 51 {Spec. Rub.) (1910). 50 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Western Hupeh: thickets around Ichang, alt. 300-900 m., July 1907 (No. 79). Rubus fusco-rubens Focke, n. sp. Affinis R. assamensi Focke sed foliis longius petiolatis cordatis facillime distinguendus. Rami et petioli tomentoso-pubescentes, aculeis falcatis mediocribus et parvis instructi. Petioli fere 4 cm, longi; folia e basi lata cordata ovato-lanceolata, diam. 10.5 cm., acuminata, fundo palmato-quinquenervia, praeterea utrinque fere 4-5-costulata, margine repando-sinuata, serrulata, supra in nervis solum pilosa, subtus cano-tomentosa; stipulae fugaces. Inflores- centia extraaxillaris, sicut in R. assamensi et R. chroosepalo; bracteae in lacinulas lineares fissae; pedicelli et calyces glanduliferi; sepala interne glabriuscula, cum disco fusco-rubentia; carpophorum fundo pilorum strictorum densissimorum cingulo circumdatum. Fructus nigri. Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, alt. 900-1200 m., May and July 1907 (No. 3025). Rubus Gentilianus L^veille & Vaniot in Bull. Acad. Intern. Geogr. Bot. XI. 99 (1902). — Focke in BM. Bot. LXXII. 53 {Spec. Ruh.) (1910). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, alt. 1200-1500 m., June and Octo- ber 1908 (No. 1127). Rubus ichangensis Hemsley & Kuntze in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII, 231 (1887). — Focke in Bihl. Bot. LXXII. 55 {Spec. Ruh.) (1910). Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, ravines, etc., alt. 600-1200 m., June and December 1907 (No. 663); Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., October 1908 (No. 1052). Rubus Parkeri Hance in Jour. Bot. XX. 260 (1882). — Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 67 {Spec. Ruh.) (1910). Rubus Parkeri, var. longisetosus Focke, n. var. Western Hupeh: thickets around Ichang, alt. 300-900 m., April and June 1907 (No. 44). Rubus Parkeri, var. brevisetosus Focke, n. var. Western Hupeh: thickets around Ichang, alt. 300-900 m., May 1907 (No. 3023). EOSACEAE. — RUBUS 51 Rubus Lambertianus Seringe in De CandoWe, Prodr. II. 567 (1825). — Focke in Bibl BoL LXXII. 70 (-Spec. Rub.). (1910). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 300- 1000 m., September and October 1907 (No. 482). Rubus Clemens Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 105 (Spec. Rub.) (1910). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, "common, alt. 600-2100 m., July and September 1908 (No. 871). Rubus irenaeus Focke in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 394 (1901); in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 144 (Spec. Rub.) (1910). Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, woods, common, alt. 1200- 2300 m., July and September 1907 (No. 141); Chang-lo Hsien, side of streams alt. 900 m., July 1907 (No. 3022). Unarmed or with a few minute inconspicuous prickles. Rubus Buerger! Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. III. 36 (1867); Prol. Fl. Jap. 224 (1866-67). Western Szech'uan: Hung Ya Hsien, woods, alt. 600 m., June 9, 1908 (No. 3014). Subgen. IDEOBATUS Ser. CORCHORIFOLII Rubus corchorifolius Linnaeus i.,Suppl. PI. Syst. Veget.2Qd (1781). — Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 131 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 300- 1200 m., June 2, 1907 (No. 15). Rubus trianthus Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 140, fig. 59 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, alt. 1200-1500 m., July 1907 (No. 78). Ser. RosAEFOLii Rubus Thunbergii Siebold & Zuccarini in Abhand. Akad. Miinch. IV. pt. 11. 126 (1846). — Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 159, fig. 68 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). 52 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Rubus Thunbergii, var. glabellus Focke, n. var. Differt a planta typica Japoniae statura robustiore et ramis foliis- que parcius pilosis. Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, roadsides, etc., alt. 300-900 m.. May and July 1907 (No. 2); Hsing-shan Hsien, rocky places, alt. 300-900 m.. May and June 1907 (No. 3019). Rubus Argyi L^veill6, R. talaikiaensis L6veill^ and R. eustephanos Focke, which are closely allied to R. Thunbergii, are well distinguished from var. glabellus. Ser. PUNGENTES Rubus amabUis Focke in Bot. Jahrb. XXXVI. 53 (1905); in Bihl Bot. LXXII. 163, fig. 70 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, alt. 2400-3000 m., June and August 1908 (No. 830). Rubus pungens Cambessddes in Jacquemont, Voyage, IV. 48, t. 59 (1844). — Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 165 {Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May and August 1907 (No. 72); Hsing-shan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1200- 1800 m.. May 16, 1907 (No. 72 in part); Changyang Hsien, thickets, alt. 600-1200 m.. May 14, 1907 (No. 3021). Western Szech'uan: west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 1800-2100 m., May and June 1908 (No. 834). Rubus pileatus Focke in Hooker's Icon. XX. text to t. 1952, p. 3 (1891); in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 167 {Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Szech'uan: Was-su country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2500 m., July and August 1908 (No. 813); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2100 m., September 1908 (No. 858=^); west of Kuan Hsien, clear- ings, alt. 1800-2500 m., June and September 1908 (No. 858'^); Pan- lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2100-2700 m., June 1908 (No. 3018). Rubus pileatus, var. foliolis subtus cano-tomentosis. Western Szech'uan: Ching-Chi Hsien, uplands, alt. 2400-3000 m., September 15, 1908 (No. 858). Rubus lasiostylus Focke in Hooker's Icon. XX. t. 1951 (1891); in Bibl Bot. LXXII. 167 {Spec. Rub.) (1911). ROSACEAE. — RUBUS 63 Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 1200- 1800 m., September 1907 (No. i88). Rubus lasiostylus, var. (v. subsp.) dizygos Focke, n. var. Folia ramorum fertilium multa pinnato-quinata; stipulae bracte- aeque angustiores videntur; flores rosei. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, uplands, alt. 1600 m., July and September 1907 (No. 279). Rubus eucalyptus Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 169 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Szech'uan: near Monkong Ting, thickets, alt. 1800 m., June 19, 1908 (No. 3016); Chin Ting-shan, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., May 23, 1908 (No. 3017). This species belongs with R. pileatus, R. lasiostylus and R. trullissatus in a pe- cuUar group characterized by white woolly fruits. Rubus trullissatus, Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 169 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200 m., June 1907 (No. 57)- Imperfectly known. The plant cannot be placed under another species. Rubus biflonis Hamilton ex Smith in Rees, Cyclop. XXX. no. 9 (1819). — Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 166 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Rubus biflorus, var. quinqueflorus Focke, n. var. Ramis fertilibus 3-8-floris. Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 1800- 2100 m., July 1908 (No. 832). Rubus macilentus Cambess^des in Jacquemont, Voyage, IV. 49, t. 60 (1844). — Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 166 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, roadsides, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May and August 1908 (No. 850). Rubus lutescens Franchet, PI. Delavay. 206 (1889). — Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 162, fig. 69 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, stony places, alt. 3300-3700 m. (No. 3026). 54 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Ser. Idaei Rubus thibetanus Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s6r. 2, VIII. 221 (PL David. II. 39) (1885). — Focke in Bihl Bot. LXXII. 179, fig. 74 (Spec. Ruh.) (1911). Rvbus Veitchii Rolfe in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1909, 258. Western Szech'uan: Mao-chou, dry regions, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May and August 1908 (No. 804). A very curious plant and perhaps the type of a well marked section. It resem- bles the South African R. Lvdwigii Ecklon & Zeyher. Rubus inopertus Focke in Bihl. Bot. LXXII. 182 {Spec. Ruh.) (1911). Rubus niveus, subsp. inopertus Focke in Bot. Jahrl. XXIX. 400 (1901). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 600- 1200 m., June and July 1907 (No. 97). Western Szech'uan: Wa- shan, thickets, alt. 1500-2200 m., July and September 1908 (No. 946). This Chinese plant seems to be rather constant, and looks very different from the tropical R. niveus Thunberg (R. lasiocarpus Smith, R. Horsfieldii Miquel). It is therefore reasonable to separate the two plants specifically, although there occur connecting links in the Himalayas. Rubus coreanus Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. III. 34 (1867); Prol. Fl. Jap. 222 (1866-67). — Focke in Bihl. Bot. LXXII. 184 (Spec. Ruh.) (1911). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, alt. 300-1200 m., July 1907 (No. 31); Chang-lo Hsien, alt. 1200 m., September 1907 (No. 152). { ^v^/^-t^*-' Rubus Kuntzeanus Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Sac. XXIII. 232 (1887). — Focke in Bihl. Bot. LXXII. 195 (Spec. Ruh.) (1911). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 300- 1500 m., June and August 1907 (No. 92). Rubus flosculosus Focke in Hooker's Icon. XX. text to t. 1952, p. 3 (1891); in Bihl. Bot. LXXII. 193 (Spec. Ruh.) (1911). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1500 m., June and September 1907 (No. 145''). Rubus flosculosus, f. parvifolius Focke, n. forma. Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m., September 1907 (No. 145) ROSACE AE. — ETJBUS 55 Rubus flosculosus f. laxiflorus Focke, n. forma. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, alt. 1800-2400 m., October 1908 (No. 1246). Rubus Giraldianus Focke in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 401 (1901); in Bibl BoL LXXII. 194, fig. 78 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 1500-2200 ra., July and August 1908 (No. 815). Rubus adenophorus Rolfe in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, p. 382. Rubus sagatus Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 198, fig. 80 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200 m., June and July 1907 (No. 81). Rubus innominatus S. Moore in Jour. BoL XIII. 226 (1875). — Focke in Bibl. BoL LXXII. 195 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Rubus innominatus, subsp. plebejus Focke, subsp. nov. Rami petiolique floccoso-tomentelli. Folia rami fertilis omnia ternata; foliolum terminale fere quadratico-suborbiculare, diam. fere 5-6 cm. Calyces nunc rubro-setosi, nunc setoso-echinati, sepalis post anthesin fructum involucrantibus (sicut in typo); petala rosea (ex Wilson); ovaria tomentosa. Fructus rubri. Western Hupeh: Ichang, roadsides, alt. 300-900 m., June and July 1907 (No. 42). The pinnate leaves and narrower leaflets distinguish the typical plant. It may be a variable species, but it is at present impossible to decide if there exist clear limits between allied forms. In general aspect the subsp. ylebejus recalls many common European brambles. Rubus chiliadenus Focke in Hooker's Icon. XX. text to t. 1952, p. 4 (1891); in Bibl BoL LXXII. 198 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Hupeh: Ichang, roadsides, alt. 600 m., August 6, 3907 (No. 3024). Rubus pinfaensis L^veille & Vaniot in Bull. Soc. Agric. Sarthe 1904, 5. — Focke in Bibl BoL LXXII. 199, fig. 81 (Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Hupeh: Ichang gorge, cliffs, alt. 300 m., ]\Iarch 20, 1908 (No. 3024). Very near R. ellipticus Smith, but perhaps specifically distinct. 56 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Rubus mesogaeus Focke in Bot Jahrh. XXIX. 399 (1901) ; in Bihl. Bot. LXXII. 204, fig. 82 {Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 600- 1200 m., May and July 1907 (Nos. 52, 71); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200 m., July 1907 (No. 52^). Rubus mesogaeus, f. floribus roseis. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 1200-2400 m., June and September 1908 (No. 1042); south- east of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 1800-2100 m., June 1908 (No. 3013); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2100-3300 m., June 1908 (No. 3015). Rubus aurantiacus Focke in Bihl. Bot. LXXII. 211 {Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2100-2700 m., September 1908 (No. 992). Rubus vicarius Focke in Bibl. Bot. LXXII. 211 {Spec. Rub.) (1911). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., July and September 1908 (No. 948). It would be instructive to cultivate these two forms of the Idaeus-group. MADDENIA Hook. f. & Thorns. Determined by E. Koehne. Maddenia hypoleuca Koehne, n. sp. Frutex 2-6-metralis; rami novelli glabri v. pulverulento-puberuli V. pubescentes dein saepe glabri fusci, biennes crassiusculi, nigre- scenti-f usci saepe pulverulento-puberuli baud nitiduli ; gemmae ovatae, 2 mm. longae, glabrae, squamis interioribus sub anthesi auctis. Stipulae 6-13 mm. longae, lineares v. lanceolatae v. e basi orbiculari lineari- caudatae, basi glanduloso-fimbriatae; petioli 2-4 mm. longi, eglan- dulosi, subtus glabri, supra in canaliculo initio pubescentes; lamina e basi obtusa v. cordata ovato-oblonga v. oblonga, sub anthesi 3-5.5 cm. longa, 1.3-1.8 cm. lata, demum in ramulis fertilibus 5-6.5 cm. longa, 1.3-3.2 cm. lata, in innovationibus 7.5-16 cm. longa, 4.3-7.5 cm. lata, sensim v. subito acuminata, duplicato-serrata dentibus KOSACEAE. — MADDENIA 57 denticulisque argutissirae acuminatis, ima basi vcro glandulis non- nullis stipitatis fimbriata, utrinque glaberrima, nervis utrinsecus 14-18, supra laete viridis, subtus albicans sed epapillosa, costa venis- que ochraceis venarum reticulo debili leviter cinerascente. Racemi pedunculis 3-4 cm. longis foliatis initio puberulis v. pubescentibus dein glabratis insidentes, 3-5 cm. longi, basi 2 cm. diam., densiflori, axi pubescente dein glabrato; bracteae calyces baud aequantes v. superi- ores pedicellis breviores, rotundatae, glanduloso-fimbriatae; pedicelli 4 mm. longi pubescenti-hirtelli; cupula 4 mm, longa, basi brevissime hirtella cetemm extus intusque glabra; sepala 10 inaequalia, longiores 3 mm. longa, nulla petaloidea; flores viridescentes v. fusco-purpura- scentes; stamina 23-30 quorum longiora 5-6 mm. longa; pistillum 9 mm. longum, glabrum, stylus staminibus vix brevior; flores pistillo obsoleto munitos non vidi. Drupa 8 mm. longa 5 mm. diam. v. paullo major, nigra; putamen 9 : 5 : 4.5 mm., carina levi costulisque paucis ob- liquis tenuibus munitum, pariete tenui fragili. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien alt. 1200-1800 m.. May 1907 (No. 2850), alt. 1200-1500 m., May 10, 1907 (No. 2849); Fang Hsien, alt. 1500 m., July 1907 (No. 2848). ' Maddenia hypoxantha Koehne n, sp. Frutex 3-6 metralis; ramuli novelli luteo-fusci minutissime pul- verulento-puberuli sparsimque pubescenti-hirtelli, demum intense fusci, hirtelli, biennes sat crassi, nigricantes, glabri; gemmae crasse ovatae, 3-4.5 mm. longae, squamis ciliatis ceterum glabrae, squamis interioribus sub anthesi auctis. Stipulae 10-20 mm. longae, lineares, glabrae, usque ad medium tenere glanduloso-serratae ; petioli 3-6 mm. longi, eglandulosi, adpresso-pilosi demum dense hirtelli; lamina e basi cordata v. in foliis supremis obtusa v. acuta oblonga, suprema ob- longo-lanceolata v. lanceolata, sub anthesi 4-6.5 cm. longa, 2-3 cm. lata, demum 9-16.5 cm. longa, 3-6 cm. lata, sensim v. subito acumi- nata, duplicato-serrata dentibus denticulisque argutissime acuminatis saepe fiexuosis, ima basi glandulis paucis v. pluribus stipitatis glandu- loso-fimbriata, supra glabra, subtus in costa nervisque strigulosa facie glabra, nervis utrinsecus 12-20, supra laete v. lutescenti-viridis, subtus initio pallidior dein lutescens epapillosa venarum reticulo 1 This and the two following species are represented also in Wilson's earlier col- lections by flowering specimens. Maddenia hypoleuca: Chang-yang, June 1901 (No. 429 in part). Maddenia hypoxantha: Mt. Omei, June 1904 (No. 4857). Mad- denia Wilsonii: Chang-yang, June 1901 (No. 429 in part). Alfred Rehder. 58 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA debili intensius colorato, costa nervisque laete ochraceis. Racemi pedunculis circ. 4 cm. longis foliatis pubescentibus insidentes, 1.5-2 cm. longi, 1.8 cm. diam. densiflori, axi pubescente demum breviter hirtello ; bracteae inf eriores calycem aequantes, superiores subbreviores, lanceolato-lineares, basi glandulis paucis stipitatis munitae, ochraceae; pedicelli 1-2 mm. longi, pubescentes; cupula 2.7 mm. longa, brevis- sime hirtello-puberula, intus glabra; sepala circ. 10, inaequalia, 1.5-2.5 mm. longa, extus parce pilosa intus glabra, nulla petaloidea; flores viridescentes; stamina c. 26, ad 4.5 mm. longa; pistillum 6 mm. longum, glabrum, stylus stamina parum superans. Drupa 9 mm. longa, 9 mm. diam., nigra; putamen 7:5: 3.7 mm. ovatum acutiuscu- lum, carina costulisque obliquis debilibus munitum, fragile. Western Szech'uan, southeast of Tachien-lu, alt. 1800-2700 m.. May and July 1908 (No. 909, mixed with flowering specimens of M. Wilsonii). Maddenia Wilsonii Koehne, n. sp. Frutex 1.3-3.3 m. altus; ramuli novelli dense ochraceo-hirtello- tomentosi, biennes nigricantes v. intense fusci, glabri vix nitiduli; gem- mae ovatae, 3 mm. longae, tomentosae, squamis interioribus sub an- thesi auctis. Stipulae 9-18 mm. longae, lanceolatae, ochraceae, basi glanduloso-fimbriatae, in innovationibus interdum oblique cordato- rotundatae ac caudatae, herbaceae, magna ex parte fimbriatae; petioli 2-7 mm. longi, eglandulosi, dense ochraceo-tomentosi; lamina e basi acuta V. cordata inverse oblonga v. oblongo-oblanceolata, in ramulis florentibus 2-8 cm. longa, 1-3.5 cm. lata, in innovationibus demum 5-14 cm. longa, 2.8-3.5 cm. lata, longe acuminata, inciso-duplicato- serrata dentibus denticulisque argutissime acuminatis angustis, ima basi glandulis stipitatis fimbriata, supra pilis adpressis rigidulis longi- usculis conspersa v. rarius glabra, subtus in costa nervisque densis- sime, in facie laxius v. dense hirto-villosa, nervis utrinsecus 15-20, supra laete viridis, subtus sublutescens v. demum cinereo-subfusca, epapillosa, costa nervisque ochraceis. Racemi pedunculis 2.5-10 cm. longis foliatis insidentes, 2-3 cm. longi, 2 cm. diam., ovati, densi- flori, axi villoso-tomentoso; bracteae inf eriores calyces paene aequantes, superiores pedicellis breviores, glanduloso-fimbriatae; pedicelli 3.5-5 mm. longi, ruf escenti-hirtello-tomentosi ; cupula 3.5-4 mm. longa, breviter hirtella v. superne glabra, intus glabra v. subglabra; sepala 10-12 inaequalia, 1.7-3 mm. longa, extus parce pilosa v. glabra, nulla petaloidea; flores viridescentes; stamina 29-40, ad 5.5-6 mm. longa; ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 59 pistillum c. 8-9 mm. longum, glabrum, semel vidi pistillum obsoletum stylo subnullo stigmate obsolete. Drupa ad 9 mm. longa 6 mm. diam., ovata, nigra. Putamen ut in praecedente. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, alt. 1500-2500 m., May and June 1908 (No. 2851); southeast of Tachien-lu, alt. 1800-2700 m., May 1908 (No. 909, mixed with M. hypoxaniha). Western Hupeh; Chang-yang Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m., April and July 1907 (No. 63). Of the genus Maddenia Hooker f. & Thomson (in Hooker Jour. Bot. and Kew Gard. Misc. VI. 381 [1854]), only two species, both from the Himalayas, are enum- erated in the Index Kewensis and its supplements. Wilson found in China three new species which have the deciduous and closely serrate leaves of Maddenia, while the closely related Pygeum has persistent entire leaves. These important distinguishing characters are not mentioned by Focke (in Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. III. 1, 51), who also states there that the pistillate flowers have two carpels developing into two drupes. According to Hooker f. & Thomson, how- ever, their structure is quite different. The flowers with two pistils are staminate, and their pistils do not bear styles, but a sessile stigma, and contain only abortive ovules. The twin-fruits which these flowers produce attain only half the size of the normal fruits and form no seeds. The normal fruits originate from perfect flowers with a pistil bearing a long style and contain one seed, as only one of the two ovules develops. In the Chinese species I have never found two pistils in one flower. Flowers without exserted styles can be found only in very small numbers, and as far as I have examined these flowers, they contain only one pistil with a minute style and a rudimentary stigma. The presence of two pistils must therefore be considered as of less importance than the character of the foliage. A key to all the species is appended here : Clavis specienim omnium. Floras racemosi racemis 1.5-5 cm. longis densifloris, pedicellis 1-5 mm. longis. Folia subtus haud villosa. FoUa subtus albican tia glaberrima ' 1. M. hypoleuca. Folia subtus lutescentia in costa nervisque strigulosa. . . 2. M. hypoxantha. Folia subtus villosa. Folia inciso-duplicato-serrata dentibus angustissimis. ' . . Z. M. Wilsonii. Folia ciliato-denticulata 4. ilf . himalaica.^ Flores subcorymbosi pedicellis bipollicaribua 5. M. pedicellata.* PRUNUS L. Subgen. PADUS. Determined by E. Koehne. Prunus Buergeriana Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. II. 92 (1865) ; Prol. Fl. Jap. 24 (1866). * Maddenia himalaica Hooker f. & Thomson in Hooker Jour. Bot. and Kew Gard. Misc. VI. 381, t. 12 (1854) (descriptio et tabula optimae). Himalayas: Sikkim, alt. 2400-3000 m.. May and August, J. D. Hooker. » Maddenia pedicellata Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. II. 318 (1878). India: Mishmi Hills, Griffith. 60 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Laurocerasus Buergeriana C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 646 (1906). In the Japanese type the axis of the racemes is densely velvety-hirtellous, while it is minutely velvety-puberulous in the following variety which may be described, as the species is new for the Chinese flora. Prunus Buergeriana var. nudiuscula Koehne, n. var. Arbor 8-metralis trunco 0.3 m. diam.; ramuli vetustiores cinereo- nigricantes, novelli fusci, glabri v. ima basi minutim velutini. Foli- orum stipulae ignotae; petioli 10-13 mm. longi, eglandulosi, glabri; lamina subtus in dentibus 2 infimis biglandulosa glandulis planis fuscis, e basi cuneata obovato-oblanceolata v. late oblanceolata (5.5-9 cm.: 2.2-3.3 cm.), acuminata, argute minutim incumbenti-serrulata, supra glabra, subtus glabra v. in nervorum axillis barbulata, mem- branacea reticulo baud prominente, subtus baud papillosa. Racemi erecti absque pedunculo nudo 0.5-1 cm. longo 4-7 cm. longi, circ. 20-30-flori axi minutim puberulo-velutino ; bracteae caducae, ignotae; pedicelli 1-2 mm. longi, glabri; cupula patelliformis vix 4 mm. lata, extus glabra, intus infra medium pilosa, cum sepalis sub fructu per- sistens; sepala cupulae circ. aequilonga triangularia, obtusa, margine vix denticulato-glandulosa; petala 3 mm. longa, rotundata; stamina 10, majora 4 mm. longa; stylus sepala circ. aequans, ut ovarium glaber. Fructus ignotus. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1200-1800 m., May 20, 1907 (No. 2834). Prunus venosa Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 6-12-metralis trunco 0.20-0.45 m. diam. Ramuli vetusti- ores cinereo-nigricantes glabri, novelli fusci, glabri v. ima basi minu- tim velutini. Foliorum stipulae ignotae; petioli 8-13 mm. longi, eglandulosi, glabri; lamina subtus in dentibus 2 infimis biglandulosa glandulis planis majusculis fuscis, e basi late cuneata v. fere rotun- data sat anguste obovata v. obovato-oblanceolata (6-11 cm.: 2.5- 4.5 cm.), acuminata, breviter argute serrata dentibus latiusculis rectis V. vix sursum curvatis, supra glabra, subtus semper fere in nervo- rum axillis fasciculato-barbata, initio membranacea, dein cartilaginea, jam sub anthesi venarum reticulo utraque pagina manifeste promi- nulo, subtus baud papillosa (sub microscopio). Racemi erecti, absque pedunculo 0.8-1.5 cm. longo 3-9 cm. longi, circ. 10-35 flori, axi dense velutino; bracteae caducae, ignotae; pedicelli 1-2.5 mm. longi, glabri; cupula patelliformis 3.5 mm. lata, extus glabra, intus margine ex- cepto pilosa, sub fructu cum sepalis persistens; sepala cupulae circ. aequilonga, triangularia obtusa, crebre denticulato-glandulosa; pe- ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 61 tala vix 3 mm. longa, rotundata; stamina 10, majora 5 mm. longa; stylus sepala circ. aequans, ut ovarium glaber. Fructus globosus circ. 6-7 mm. diam.; putamen ovoideo-globosum, paene 5 mm. longum, sub- apiculatum, baud compressum, obscure carinatum, laeve, pariete tenui fragili. Western Hupeh : Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500-1800 m., May 1907 (No. 177, as to flowering branches; the fruiting branches belong to P. stellipila); north and south of Ichang, alt. 900-1500 m., May and July 1907 (No. 91); Patung Hsien, woods, May (not seen) and July 1907 (No. Qi"*) ; Chang-yang Hsien, woods, alt. 1200 m., September 1907 (No. 118, only a sterile branch seen); north and south of Ichang, wood- lands, alt. 900-1500 m., June 1907 (No. 2839, as to sterile branches; the flowering branches belong to P. brachypoda var. pseudossiori.) Primus stellipila Koehne, n. sp. ~ P. Arbor 6-7-metralis trunco 0.3 m. diam.; ramuli vetustiores nigro- fusci glabri, juniores intense fusci, glabri. Fohorum stipulae ignotae; petioli 9-13 mm. longi, eglandulosi, glabri; lamina subtus in dentibus 2 infimis biglandulosa glandulis parvulis planis fuscis, e basi acuta v. fere rotundata elliptica v. anguste oblonga (4.5-10 cm.: 2-3.5 cm.), acuminata v. fere caudata, argutissime serrata dentibus longioribus angustioribus quam in P. venosa porrectis v. subincurvis, supra gla- bra, subtus pilis fasciculatis versus costam densioribus conspersa, cartilaginea venarum reticulo jam sub anthesi utraque pagina mani- feste prominulo, subtus (sub microscopio) baud papillosa. Racemi erecti, absque pedunculo brevi circ. 4-5 cm. longi, axi glabro v. minu- tissime puberulo-velutino; bracteae caducae, ignotae; pedicelli 1-2 mm. longi, glabri; cupula parva, patelliformis, extus glabra, intus fundo pilosa, sub fructu cum sepalis persistens; sepala cupulae circ. aequi- longa, triangularia, obtusa, glanduloso-denticulata, glabra; petala ignota; stamina 10 filamentis sub fructu 2 mm. longis; stylus ignotus. Fructus globosus circ. 5 mm. diam. ; putamen ovoideo-globosum 4 mm. longum, acutiusculum, baud compressum, validiuscule carinatum laeve, pariete tenui fragili. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500-1800 m., August 1907 (No. 177, as to fruiting branches; the flowering branches belong to P. venosa). Prunus pemlata Koehne, n. sp. t Arbor 10-13-metrahs trunco 0.3-0.4 m. diam.; ramuli vetustiores intense fusco-cinerei, plus minus velutini v. glabri, juniores subfusci, 62 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA subglabri v. velutini, ut racemorum pedunculi usque ad autumnum basi squamarum imbricatarum involucro 7-20 mm. longo cincti. Foliorum stipulae ignotae; petioli 7-12 mm. longi, eglandulosi, velu- tini; lamina subtus in dentibus 2 infimis biglandulosa glandulis majusculis planis fuscis, e basi late cuneata v. fere rotundata oblongo- obovata oblanceolata v. elliptica (6.5-11.5 cm.: 2.7-4.2 cm.), breviter v. fere caudato-acuminata, serrulata dentibus brevibus rectis v. subin- curvis, supra in nervis velutina ceterum glabra, subtus parce, secus costam dense breviter hirtella, demum subcartilaginea venarum reti- culo utraque pagina manifeste prominulo, subtus (sub microscopio) baud papillosa. Racemi erecti, absque pedunculo 1-20 mm. involu- crum superante 5-6 cm., fructiferi ad 10 cm. longi, axi velutino; brac- teae caducae, ignotae; pedicelli 0.5-1.5 cm. longi, velutini; cupula patelliformis, vix ultra 1 mm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata, extus glabra, intus pilosa, sub fructu cum sepalis persistens; sepala cupulae circ. aequi- longae, late triangularia, obtusa, margine glandulosa, glabra; petala circ. 2 mm. longa, obovato-rotundata; stamina 10, majora antheris tantum petala superantia; stylus sepala aequans, ut ovarium glaber. Fructus globosus, circ. 5 mm. diam. ; putamen ovatum, paene 5 mm. longum, acutiusculum, vix compressum, obscure carinatum, laeve, pariete tenui fragili. Western Szech'uan: Ching-chi Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1800 m., May 1908 (No. 2842); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, woods, alt. 1800-2100 m., August 1908 (No. 811). Prunus microbotrys Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 10-metralis trunco 0.3 m. diam., glaberrima, sempervirens. Foliorum stipulae ignotae; petioli 5 mm. longi, lutescentes, eglan- dulosi; lamina e basi eglandulosa rotundata v. subito brevissime contracta ovato-oblonga v. late oblonga (6.5-9 cm.: 3-4 cm.), infra medium latiora, caudato-acuminata, inde a quarta v. tertia parte den- tibus brevibus utrinque circ. 8-12 serrata acumine integro, cartila- ginea, laevis, supra laete viridis, baud nitens, subtus pallidior. Ra- cemi axillares erecti, absque pedunculo nudo 1 cm. longo 3.5-4 cm. longi, circ. 8-16-flori; bracteae caducae, ignotae; pedicelli 2-3.5 mm. longi, tenues; anthesis mense octobri; cupula patelliformis, vix 2 mm. longa, 4 mm. lata, extus glabra, intus parce pilosa, sepala inter- stitiis latiusculis sejuncta, triangularia, cupula dimidio breviora, cili- ata atque utrinsecus saepe glandulas 1-2 globosas sessiles gerentia; petala circ. 4 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, irregulariter erosa; stamina ROSACE AE. — PRUNUS 63 10-12, antheris tantum petala superantia; ovarium pilosiusculum; stylus cupulam vel petala aequans, glaber. Fructus ignotus. Western Szech'uan: Ya-chu Fu, woodlands, alt. 1200 m., Oc- tober 1908 (No. 2847). From this species Prunus phaeosticta Maximowicz differs in the leaves being copiously and minutely punctulate beneath and from P. spinulosa Siebold & Zuc- carini in its narrower leaves broadest above or at the middle with nearly spinu- lose teeth curved forward, in the branchlets and racemes slightly pilose and in the stamens exceeding 20 in number; P. macrophylla Siebold & Zuccarini, P. acuminata Roemer and P. Jenkinsii Hooker f . differ in other characters as well aa in the shape of their much larger leaves. Prunus Wilsonii (Diels ms.) Koehne, n. comb. Padus Wilsonii C. K. Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. I. 69 (1905); III. Handh. Laulholzk. I. 637 (quoad ramos floriferos; excludendis ramis fruc- tiferis qui ad P. sericeam Koehne pertinent) (1906). The type as described by C. K. Schneider differs in the axis of the racemes, the pedicels, the cupula and the sepals inside and outside being short-hirtellous and becoming glabrous. Besides, the petioles are described as without glands, the leaves as rather remotely serrulate, whitish beneath and the stamens as nearly twice as long as the petals. I have, however, after a comparison with Schneider's specimen, no doubt that the following variety belongs here. Prunus Wilsonii, var. leiobotrys Koehne, n. var. Arbor 10-metralis trunco 0.45 m. diam. Racemorum axis pedicelli- que glabri; cupula extus glabra, sed sepala ut in typo utrinque hirtella ac ciliata. Glandulae 1-4 rarius petioli apici, saepius laminae ima basi insidentes; lamina densiuscule serrulata, subtus subcana. Stamina petalis dimidio longiora (stamina 6 mm., petala 4 mm.). Ceterum cf. supra clavem specierum. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, ravines, rare, alt. 900 m., May 7, 1907 (No. 2835); South Wushan, woods, alt. 1200 m., June (not seen) and September 1907 (No. 222); north and south of Ichang, woods, alt. 600-1200 m., September 1907 (No. 127, as to fruiting branches; the flowering branches belong to P. sericea, var. brevifolia). To this variety seems to belong: Padus napaulensis (Ser.) C. K. Schneider forma? in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 68 (1905), collected in Yunnan by A. Henry (No. 10547). This form differs from P. Wilsonii, var. leiobotrys only in the fewer and shorter hairs on the under side of the leaves, and might be considered as in- termediate between P. napaulensis and P. Wilsonii (not between P. napaulensis and P. sericea as Schneider suggests), but in numerous specimens of P. napaulensis the leaves are always glabrous beneath. Prunus sericea Koehne, n. sp. Prunus napaulensis, var. sericea Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIV. 169 (1895). Padus napaulensis, var. sericea C. K. Schneider, III. Handh. Laubholzk. I. 639 (1906). 64 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Prunus sericea, var. Batalinii Koehne, n. var. Arbor 5-metralis (Potanin) v. 13-22-metralis (Wilson); ramuli novelli glabri. Folia e basi rotundata v. acuta elliptica v. inverse oblonga (in innovationibus 9.5-13: 3-5.5 cm., in ramulis florentibus paullo minora), longitudine latitudinem saepe triplam aequante, durante evolutione subtus insigniter densissime candido-sericea, postea pilis perturbatis densis, sed paginam inferiorem baud abscon- dentibus cinereo-hirtella. Racemorum axes pedicellique tenere brevi- ter pilosi, cupulae glabrae, sepala tenere ciliata, ceterum glabra; pe- tala 4 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, vix eroso-denticulata; stamina 27-32, ad 5 mm. longa; stylus sepalis sublongior. Fructus 16 mm. longus, subglobosus, niger; putamen ovatum, 12.9 mm. longum, 8.6 mm. diam. V. 10.8 mm. longum, 8.8 mm. diam. laeve. Western Szech'uan: Ya-chu, April 7, 1893, G.N. Potanin; Wa- shan, alt. 1200-1800 m., September 1908 (No. 222^"). Western Hupeh: Pao-k'ang, 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 277, fruiting branches; the flowering branches of this No. belong to P. Wilsonii). Prunus sericea, var. brevifolia Koehne, n. var. Arbor 10-13-metrahs trunco 0.45-0.60 m. diam.; ramuli juniores basi interdum pulverulento-puberuli, ceterum glaberrimi. Folia e basi plerumque rotundata oblongo-obovata v. obovata v. late ovalia (5.5-9.5 cm.: 2.7-5 cm.), longitudine latitudinis 2.3-2.6 aequante, durante evolutione subtus tomento flavo-cinereo densissimo obtecta, venarum reticulo nigrescente conspicuo, postea ut in typo subtus pilis perturbatis densisque neque vero paginam inferiorem abscondentibus cinereo-hirtella. Racemi 9-12 cm. longi, axi pedicellis cupulis sepalis dense fuscescenti-hirtellis; pedicelli 4-5 inm. longi; cupula 4 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata, profunda semiglobosa, intus glabra (ut in omnibus Pachypodii speciebus) ; sepala late breviter lingulata, apice rotundata, dense ciliata, glandulisque singulis margine obsita; in floribus nondum evolutis petala 4 mm., stamina 32 circ. 5 mm. longa, stylus sepala baud aequans, glaber. Fructus ignotus. Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woods, alt. 600- 1200 m.. May 1907 (No. 127, as to flowering branches; the fruiting branches belong to P. Wilsonii, var. leiobotrys).^ 1 Another new variety, but not represented in the Wilson collection is the following : Prunus sericea, var. septentrionalis Koehne, n. var. Racemi axis pediceUique glaberrimi. Northern Shensi: In-kia-po, G. Giraldi (No. 6081.) ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 65 Prunus rufomicans Kochne, n. sp. Arbor 20-30-metralis trunco 0.5-0.8 in diam.; ramuli vetustiores intense fusci, glabri, juniores fusci, glabri. Foliorum stipulae ignotae; glandulae rarius petiolo, saepius 1-2 laminae basi insidentes, crassae; petioli in ramis fertilibus 5-10 mm., in sterilibus 12-14 mm. longi, glabri v. parce hirtelli; lamina e basi rotundata v. late cuneata in ramis fertilibus lanceolata v. oblongo-lanceolata (4.5-6 cm.: 1.5-2 cm.), in sterilibus late ovato-elliptica v. obovata (9-10 cm.: 4.5-5.8 cm.), subacuminata, argute dense v. subremote serrulata, supra glabra, subtus tomento sericeo paginam inferiorum- perfecte abscondente densissimo intense rufo-ferrugineo submicante obtecta, supra venis impressis reticulato-rugosa, subtus nervis primariis valide prominen- tibus, subtus (sub microscopio) inter stomata vix papillosa, sed sto- mata papillis arete confertis circumvallata fere abscondita. Ra- cemi fructiferi circ. 12 cm. longi, glabri; pedicelli 3-4 mm. longi, ut axis insigniter incrassati pallideque lenticellati; cupulae basis per- sistens, intus glaberrima. Fructus subglobosus, circ. 10 mm. diam.; putamen 9 mm. longum, 7 mm. diam., ovatum, acutum, obscure cari- natum, laevissimum, durum. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woods, alt. 1500-1600 m., October 1908 (No. 1078). Prunus brachypoda Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XII. 166 (1892); in Gartenfl. XLII. 330 (1893). Padus hrachypoda C. K. Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 69 (1905); III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 638 (1906.) (excl. var. putigera quae speciem pro- priam sistit). The varieties of this species may be described as their characters are partly rather uncertain. Prunus brachypoda, var. pseudossiori Koehne, n. var. Arbor 5-20-metralis trunco 20-60 cm. diam.; ramuli juveniles glabri v. raro pulverulento-puberuli. Petioli 11-40 mm. longi, glabri, semper fere biglandulosi ; lamina e basi manifeste cordata v. in ramulis floralibus rotundata anguste v. late oblonga, ovato-oblonga, obovato- oblonga (3-12 cm. longa, 0.8-5.5 cm. lata), longiuscule argute acu- minata, argutissime serrata dentibus angustis tenuiter acuminatis longiusculis (sed minoribus quam in P. ssiori), porrectis v. subincurvis, subtus in nervorum axillis barbata ceterum glabra, intermixtis saepe foliis omnino glabris, subtus parum pallidior quam supra reticulo tenerrimo intensius colorato, subtus nunc manifeste nunc baud pa- bb WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA pillosa. Racemi absque pedunculo foliato 11-23 cm. longi, sec. cl. Wilson plus minus penduli, glabri v. (saepe in racemis ex eodem ramo primario ortis) pulverulento-velutini ; pedicelli 2-6 mm. longi; cu- pula 2-3 mm. longa, 3-4.5 mm. lata, intus infra medium villosa; sepala breviter glanduloso-fimbriata; petala 2-4.5 mm. longa, rotundata v. obovato-rotundata, vix eroso-denticulata; stamina 18-33, majora petalis parum v. paullulum longiora; pistillum circ. 4 mm. longum, glabrum, stylus sepala circ. aequans. Fructus ut videtur 5-7 mm. diam.; putamen 4-5.5 mm. longum, 4-5 mm. diam., hinc carinatum, obsoletissime rugosum, durum. Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, woodlands, alt. 1500-2200 m., June 1908 (No. 2843); Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1800 m., June 20, 1908 (No. 2846); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 1500-1800 m., August 1908 (No. 899); Nanch'uan, 1901, A. von Rosthorn; without locaHty, A. Henry (Nos. 5739, 5763). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1200-2300 m., July and August 1907 (No. 190) ; Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1200- 1500 m., September 1907 (No. 115); north and south of Ichang, woodlands, alt. 900-1500 m., June 1, 1907 (No. 2839, as to flowering branches; the fruiting branches belong to P. venosa); without locality, A. Henry (No. 5988). Northern Shensi: G. Giraldi (Nos. 1141, 5200). This variety is often confounded in collections with P. ssiori F. Schmidt Prunus brachypoda, var. microdonta Koehne, n. var. Arbor 10-metralis trunco 40 cm. diam. Petioli 12-26 mm. longi, biglandulosi; lamina e basi rotundata v. vix subcordata oblonga v. lanceolata (3.5-11 cm. longa, 1.3-3.3 cm. lata), longe paullatim v. subcaudato-acuminata, minutim serrulata dentibus saepe quasi ad mucronem reductis porrectis v. incumbentibus, subtus glabra v. in axillis nervorum barbata, sub microscopio subtus scabrido-papillosa. Racemi 14-18 cm. longi, glabri; petala 3 mm. longa, 2.5 mm. lata; stamina c. 29 petalis parum longiora; pistillum 3 mm. longum. Putamen 4-5 mm.: 4.5-5 mm.: 3.5 mm. Cetera ut in var. pseudo- ssiori. Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, woods, alt. 1200-1500 m., April and September 1907 (Nos. 2836, 2838); without locality, 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 2255). Prunus obtusata Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 8-13-metralis trunco 30-50 cm. diam., ramuli juveniles ROSACE AE. — PRUNUS 67 basi glabri, apice pulverulento-velutini, vetustiores intense fusci baud nitentes, lenticellis pallidis sparsis. Petioli 10-20 mm. longi, glabri, apice plerumque 1-2-glandulosi ; lamina e basi rotundata v. vix sub- cordata oblonga v. inverse oblonga v. ovato-oblonga (sub anthesi 3-7 cm. longa 1.3-3.2 cm. lata), nullo modo acuminata, obtusa v. ob- tusissima v. subemarginata, minutissime serrulata dentibus saepe ad glandulam reductis, glaberrima, supra laete viridis, subtus parum pallidior reticulo tenerrimo intensius colorato, epapillosa. Racemi erecto-patentes, absque pedunculo foliato 6-20 cm. longi, pulverulento- velutini V. puberuli; pedicelli 1-6 mm. longi; cupula 2 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, infeme pulverulenta, ceterum glabra, intus infra medium villosa; sepala 1 mm. longa, obtusa, breviter glanduloso-fimbriata; petala 3-5 mm. longa, rotundata, subintegra; stamina 20-29, majora petala parum superantia v. aequantia v. iisdem triente breviora; pistillum 3-4.5 mm. longum, glabrum, stylus sepala circ. aequans. Fructus ignotus. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 1800 m., May 1908 (No. 977 as to flowering branches; the fruiting branches belong to P. bicolor); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 1500-1800 m., June 1908 (No. 2845, as to flowering branches; the fruiting branches belong to P. pubi- gera); Wa-shan, woodlands, alt. 1800-2100 m., June 1908 (No. 2844). This species seems to bear in its habit a rather striking resemblance to cer- tain forms until now referred to P. demissa Walpers. Pninus pubigera Koehne, n. sp. rr:. p. >o-va<'(i-*«Lt^ Padus brachypoda, var. pubigera C. K. Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. ' I. 70 (1905); III. Handb. Laulholzk. I. 638 (1906). Arbor 6-20-metrahs trunco 20-100 cm. diam. ; ramuli juveniles fuscescentes, puberulo-velutini, vetustiores validi, nigricantes v. pur- pureo-fusci, plus minus glabrati, lenticellis ovalibus pallidis; gemmae 5-8 mm. longae, conicae, fuscae, glabrae. Petioli 8-27 mm. longi, ple- rumque puberulo-velutini, saepissime 1-2-glandulosi; lamina e basi cuneata v. rotundata v. cordata late inverse oblonga v. obovato- oblonga v. obovata (3-11.5 cm. longa 1.2-6 cm. lata), breviter leviter V. parum acuminata, apice obtusiuscula valide mucronata, minutim V. minutissime serrulata dentibus saepe fere ad glandulam reductis, supra glabra v. in costa pulverulenta, subtus glabra v. in nervorum axillis subbarbata, supra laete viridis, subtus manifeste pallidior v. subalbicans venis validioribus prominulis reticulo pallido v. rarissime intensius colorato, subtus baud v. breviter scabrido-papillosa. Ra- cemi absque pedunculo foliato 7-14 cm. longi, puberuli v. pulveru- 68 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA lenti V. glabri; pedicelli 2-5 mm., raro infimi ad 8 mm. longi; cupula 3 mm. longa, 4-4.5 mm. lata, intus infra medium villosa; sepala vix ultra 1 mm. longa, obtusa, breviter glanduloso-fimbriata, ceterum glabra v. tenerrime ciliata; petala 4-5 mm, longa, 4 mm. lata, subro- tundata v. obovato-rotundata, Integra v. leviter eroso-denticulata; stamina 21-28, majora petalis triente v, paene dimidio breviora; pistillum 4-5 mm. longum, glabrum, stylus sepala parum superans. Fructus c. 5-8 mm. diam. ut videtur; putamen 4-6 mm. longum, 4-5 mm. diam., obsoletissime rugosum, durum. Prunus pubigera, var. Potaninii Koehne, n. var. Petioli puberuli; folia innovationum pleraque basi subeordata V. cordata, pleraque late inverse oblonga intermixtis paucissimis obo- vatis, omnia subtus baud v. vix papillosa. Sepala ciliata; petala 5 mm., stamina majora 3 mm. longa. Putamen 4-5 mm. longum, 4-5 mm. diam. Tibet: G. N. Potanin. Western Szech'uan: southeast of Ta- chien-lu, woods, alt. 1800-2100 m., June and September 1908 (No. 980). Prunus pubigera, var. Prattii Koehne, n. var. Petioli subglabri v. glabri; folia innovationum pleraque basi cu- neata v. rotundata, intermixtis vix ullis subcordatis v. obovatis, om- nia subtus epapillosa. Racemi puberuh v. glabri; flores ignoti. Putamen 4-6 mm. longum, 4-5 mm. diam. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, alt. 2700-4100 m., A. E. Pratt (No. 94); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 1500-1800 m., June 1908 (No. 2845, as to fruiting branches; the flowering branches belong to P. 06- tusata.). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 1500-1800 m., August 1907 (No. 181, remarkable for its glabrous racemes); Hsing- shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1200-1500 m., September 1907 (No. 2837). Prunus pubigera, var. obovata Koehne, n. var. Petioli glabri; folia pleraque e basi vix unquam subeordata obo- vata, subtus baud v. vix papillosa. Racemi glabri v. puberuli; petala 4-5 mm. longa; stamina majora vix ultra 3 mm. longa. Putamen 5.5 mm. longum, 5 mm. diam. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, woods, alt. 1800-2400 m., June 7, 1908 (No. 1045). Western Hupeh : Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 1500-2100 m., August 1907 (No. 186, with glabrous racemes) . This variety seems similar in its habit to P. virginiana Linnaeus. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 69 Prunus bicolor Kochne, n. sp. r=: / . A/Ut'<^y>iY^ Ramuli novelli nigricantes, densissime puberulo-velutini, vetusti- ^ ores vix glabrati lenticellis pallidis; gemmae 3.5-8 mm. longae, pallide fuscae, glabrae. Petioli 15-25 mm. longi, superiore pagiiia pulveru- lento-puberuli, eglandulosi; lamina e basi rotundata v. subcordata obovato-oblonga (5.3-9.8 cm. longa 2.5-4.5 cm. lata), leviter breviter acuminata apice obtusiuscula valide mucronata, minutim serrata dentibus angustissimis porrectis v. subincurvis, supra in costa pul- verulenta ceterum glabra, subtus glaberrima, supra intense viridis reticulo subimpresso, subtus manifeste albicans, costa nervisque ochra- ceis reticulo nigrescente maxime manifesto, sub microscopio circa stomata subpapillosa papillis scabridis. Racemi erecto-patentes, absque pedunculo foliato 13 cm. longi, pulverulento-velutini ; pedicelli 2-4.5 mm. longi. Flores ignoti. Cupulae basis sub fructu persistens, intus glaberrima. Fructus ut videtur 5-6 mm. diam.; putamen 4.3 mm. longum, 4 mm. diam., carinatum, obsoletissime rugosum. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 1800 m., Septem- ber 1908 (No. 977, as to fruiting branches; the flowering branches belong to P. obtusata.). Prunus velutina Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIV. 186 (1895.) Padus velutina C. K. Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 69 (1905); III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 638 (1906). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woodland, alt. 900- 1800 m.. May and September 1907 (No. 2840); without locality, 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1789); A. Henry (No. 5774). Northern Shensi : G. Giraldi (No. 4931). Prunus Grayana Maximo wicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 107 (1884); in Mel. Biol. XI. 704 (1883). Prunus Padus, var. japonica Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. II. 92 (1865)' Padus Grayana C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 640 (1906). Padus acrophylla C. K. Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 70 (1905); III. Handl. Laubholzk. 1. 640 (1906.) (Forsan ex descriptione hue etiam ducenda, quamvis cupulae basis sub fructu persistens ab autore dicatur pilosa.) Petioli 5-13 mm. longi, eglandulosi; glandulae 1-3 marginales la- minae dentibus infimis subtus insidentes, complanatae; folia e basi rotundata v. vix subcordata late oblonga v. obovato-oblonga v. ovata, caudato-acuminata, argutissime serrata dentibus tenuissime acumi- natis, subtus epapillosa. Pedicelli 2-13 mm. longi; cupula intus glaberrima; sepala Integra, interdum margine parce glandulifera, ten- 70 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA uiter ciliata; petala 3-5 mm. longa, ima basi lanato-barbata; stamina 23-32, majora petala aequantia v. superantia, 5-8 mm. longa; stylus stamina circ. aequans. Western Hupeh: Chang-yang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1400 m., T^Iay 1907 (No. 2841); without locality, 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 604); A. Henry (No. 6327, according to C. K. Schneider in Herb. Reg. Berol., probably to be referred to P. ssiori F. Schmidt, but it is P. Grayana). Japan: Maximowicz (Iter Sec. 1861), 1862, Hilgendorf (No. 192), J. J. Rein, K. Shirai, K. Saida, U. Faurie (Nos. 376, 5009, 6054). This species differs in several characters from the section Leptopodium, though in the herbarium it is often confounded with the very distinct P. ssiori. On account of its glands, the cupula glabrous on the inside and the entire or nearly entire sepals it seems to belong to the section Pachypodium rather than to Leptopodium. Primus laxiflora Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 10-metralis trunco 40 cm. diam.; ramuli juveniles puberuli, vetustiores vix glabrati, fusci v. nigricantes, lenticellis paucis parvis. Stipulae 5-10 mm. longae, anguste lineares, pubescentes; petioli 7-12 mm. longi, dense pubescentes, eglandulosi; glandulae 2 marginales dentium infimarum paginam inferiorem occupantes, complanatae; lamina e basi late cuneata late v. obovato-oblonga (sub anthesi 3.5-6 cm. longa 1.6-2.7 cm. lata), longe acuminata, inciso-subduplicato-ser- rata, dentibus longis tenuissime acuminatis, supra in costa pubescenti- villosa, ceterum glabra, subtus in costa densius, in nervis laxius sericeo- villosa, ceterum glabra, supra laete viridis, subtus vix pallidior reticulo intensius colorato, epapillosa. Racemi absque pedunculo efoliato, sed interdum hypophylla 1-2 parva gerente, 7-17 mm. longo 4.5-7 cm. longi, c. 6-12 flori, laxi, axi ac pedunculo adpresso-pubescente; bracteae infimae 10-4 mm. longae, superiores usque ad 1 mm. longitudinis decrescentes, omnes persistentes; pedicelli infimi 18 mm., supremi 2 mm. longi, laxe villosi; cupula circ. 3 mm. longa ac lata, semi- globoso-campanulata, extus basi tantum pilosa, intus glaberrima; sepala cupulae aequilonga, triangularia acuta, ut videtur horizon- taliter patentia, longiuscule glanduloso-fimbriata; petala fere 7 mm. longa, 4 mm. lata, ovalia, margine leviter eroso-undulata; stamina 22-26, majora circ. 4 mm. longa, petalis triente breviora; stylus stamina aequans v. paullo superans, ut ovarium glaber. Fructus ignotus. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 71 Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt, 1700 m., May 1907 (No. 62, as to flowering branches; the fruiting branches belong to P. discadenia Koehne, a new species of the section Phyllomahaleh.). DISPOSITIO PRUNI SUBGEN. PADI ET CLAVIS SPECIERUM CHINENSIUM. Calyx fructifer totus persistens; bracteae caducae; stylus brevis. Sect. I. CALYCOPADUS. * Pedunculi racemorum foliati (intermixtis interdum nonnuUia nudis); folia decidua v. sempervirentia. (Species omnes Americanae.) Subaect. 1. CAPOLLINIA. ** Pedunculi semper nudi; folia decidua Subaect. 2. CALYCINIA. t Ramuli racemorumque pedunculi basi baud involucrati. Folia subtua glabra v. baud ubique pilosa. Venarum reticulum supra nunquam, subtus nonniai post anthesin prominulum. Folia supra medium latiora, incumbenti-serrulata. P. Buergeriana. Venarum reticulum jam durante anthesi utraque pagina manifeste pro- minulum; folia subtua in nervorum axillia multia barbulata ceterum glabra, majora latiora (6-11 cm.: 2.5-4.5 cm.) quam in P. stellipila, brevius serrata dentibus latioribus P. venosa. Folia subtus ubique, versus coatam densius, pilis fasciculatis conspersa, minora angustiora (4.5-10 cm.: 2-3.5 cm.) quam in P. venosa, longiua serrata dentibus anguatioribus P. stellipila. tt Ramuli ac pedunculi basi usque ad autumnum squamis involucrati,. involucro 7-20 mm. longa P. perulata. Calyx fructifer (ima basi excepta) deciduus Sect. 2. GYMNOPADUS. * Sempervirentea. Pedunculi nudi; bracteae caducae; atylua brevia. Subsect. 3. LAUROCERASUS. Petioli eglandulosi. Folia plerumque ovato-oblonga, caudato-acuminata, 6-9 cm. longa. Racemi glabri P. microbotrys. Petioli glandulosi. Folia oblonga, acuminata, 10-18 cm. longa. Racemi pubescentes P. macrophylla * ** Folia decidua. t Pedunculi foliati (intermixtis interdum nonnuUis nudis); bracteae ca- ducae Subsect. 4. EUPADUS. t Pedicelli fructiferi insigniter incrassati pallide lenticellati. Stylus brevis. (Folia in speciebua chinensibus subtus aequaliter pilosa.) Ser. 1. Pachtpodium. Pagina inferior inter pilos nunquam rufos mox vel ab initio optima conspicua. Pili tranaversi paralleli breves adpressi submicantea. . P. Wilsonii. Pili mox subhirti perturbati (initio tantum tomentum sericeum candidum densissimum sistentes) P. sericea. > Prunus macrophylla Siebold & Zuccarini in Abhand. Akad. Munch. IV. pt. ii. 122 (Fam. Nat. Fl. Jap. 14) (1843). Laurocerasus macrophylla C. K. Schneider, III Handb. Laubholzk. I. 647, fig. 355 1. (1906). So far only reported from eastern China (prov. Kwangtung). 72 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Pagina inferior usque ad mensem octobrem pilis perfecte abscondita, pilis tomentimi sericeum intense rufo-ferrugineum submicantem sis- tentibus P. rufomicans. tt Pedicelli fructiferi nee incrassati nee lenticellati. Stylus brevis Ser. 2. Leptopodium. Putamen manifeste rugosum. Petala 6-8 mm. longa etaminibus duplo longiora P. Padus} Putamen laeve v. obsolete rugosum. Petala 3-4.5, raro ad 5 mm. longa, staminibus aequilonga v. breviora, rarissime manifeste longiora. Folia in acumen argutum plerumque longum producta. Putamen 7 mm. longum. Folia basi nonnuUa rotundata, plera- que vero profunde cordata, argutissime serrata dentibus angustis longis tenuissime acuminatis, subtus nunquam papillosa; petioli 15-42 mm. longi, valide 2- (v. l-6)-glandulosi. Racemi 10-17 cm. longi, glabri; pedicelli 4-13 mm. longi; petala 4.5 mm. longa, staminibus aequilonga P. ssiori.'^ Putamen 4-5.5 mm. longum. Folia basi rotundata v. baud raro manifeste cordata, argute v. minutim serrata dentibus semper minoribus quam in P. ssiori, subtus nimc papillosa nunc epapil- losa; petioli 11-24 mm. longi, plerique glandulis 1-2 debilibus muniti. Racemi 12-23 cm. longi, nunc glabri nunc puberuli; pedicelli 2-6 mm. longi; petala 2-4.5 mm. longa, staminibus aequilonga v. vix breviora P. brachypoda. Folia leviter breviter v. baud acuminata, obtusiuscula mucronata V. obtusa V. subemarginata, semper brevissime v. minutim ser- rulata. Putamen 4-6 mm., raro 7 mm. longum. Folia subtus glaberrima v. nonnisi in nervorum axillis barbata; petala staminibus aequilonga v. longiora. Calyx intus pilosus, quare etiam calycis basis sub fructu persis- tens intus hirta. Petioli glandulosi. Folia obtusa v. subemarginata, subtus glaberrima ac vix pal- lidiora quam supra, venarum reticulo tenerrimo baud prominulo intensius colorato P. obtusata. Folia plerumque leviter breviter acuminata apice obtusi- uscula mucronata, subtus glaberrima v. in axillis pauUulum ^ Prunus Padus Linnaeus, Spec. 473 (1753). Prunus racemosa Lamarck, Fl. Frang. III. 107 (1778). Padus vulgaris Borkhausen, Forstbot. II. 1426 (1803). Cerasus Padus De Candolle, Fl. Frang. IV. 680 (1805). Padus racemosa C. K. Schneider, III. Hand. Laubholzk. I. 639, fig. 351 a-h, 352 a (1906). So far only reported from northern China, Mongolia, Shensi, and Chili. * Prunus ssiori F. Schmidt in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, s6r. 7, XII. No. II. 124 (Reis. Amurland) (1868). Padus ssiori C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 647 (1906). Of this species I have seen specimens from Saghalin and Japan, and it is also reported from southern Mandshuria, but has not yet been collected in other parts of the Chinese Empire. C. K. Schneider has referred several specimens of P. Gray- ana in the Berlin herbarium to P. ssiori, but these two species, though similar in the serration of the leaves, are otherwise very different and can always be easily distinguished with certainty. It is less easy to distinguish P. ssiori from P. brachy- poda, var. pseudossiori. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 73 barbata atque plerumque manifeste palHdiora quam supra, nervis venisque primariis subtus prominulis, reticulo plerumque pallido rarissime intensius colorato. P. pubigera. Calycis basis sub fructu persistens intus glaberrima. Petioli eglandulosi. Folia subtus glaberrima, pallida albicantia, costa nervis ochraceis, reticulo multo intensius colorato distinc- tissimo P- bicolor. Folia tota pagina inferiore laxe pilosa pallida, reticulo pallido demum prominulo; petala staminibus triente breviora. P. velutina. Stylus longus Ser. 3. Grayopadus. P. Gray ana. tt Pedunculi nudi; bracteae persistentes; stylus longus. Ser. 4. Maackiopadus. A specie altera ^ hujus sectionis foliis subtus eglandulosis, racemis 4-7 cm. longis laxifloris, sepalis fimbriatis stylo glabro differt. P. laxiflora. XX. SPECIERUM DISTRIBUTIO SYSTEMATICA Sect. 1. CALYCOPADUS Koehne in Abhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg, LII. 107 (1910). Calyx persistens. Subsect. 1. CAPOLLINIA Koehne in Abhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg, LII. 106 (1910). Sect. Eupadus Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 303 (pro parte) (1893). Species sempervirentes vel foliis deciduis, venarum reticulo saepe indole rhom- bica. Pedunculi typice foUati; bracteae caducae. Calyx fructifer persistens. Stamina circ. 15-25 (an semper?) ; stylus brevis. Species omnes americanae: P. salicifolia Kunth (Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Co- lumbia, an Mexico?), P. Capollin (De Candolle) Koehne (Mexico), P. serotina Ehrhart cum var. neomontana Small (Amer. bor. ut sequentes), P. eximia Small, P. alabamensis Mohr, P. Cuthbertii Small, P. australis Beadle. Subsect. 2. CALYCINIA Koehne in Abhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg, LII. 107 (1910). Folia decidua, venarum reticulo isodiametrico, subtus in dentibus infimis bi- glandulosa. Pedunculi nudi; bracteae caducae. Calyx persistens; stamina 10(-12); stylus brevis. Species omnes asiaticae: P. undulata Roemer (inde a Bengalia or. usque ad Nepal), P. venosa Koehne (China), P. stellipila Koehne (China), P. perulata Koehne (China), P. Buergeriana Miquel (China, Japonia). 1 Pninus Maackii Ruprecht in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XV. 361 (1857). Lauroccrasus Maackii C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 645, fig. 352 h-i (1906). Known from Amurland and Mandshuria, but not yet reported from other regions of the Chinese Empire. It differs from P. laxiflora in its leaves being glan- dular punctate beneath, in the dense racemes, 2-3 cm. long, the bracts 1-2 mm, long, the scarcely fimbriate sepals and in the style being loosely villose below the middle. 74 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Sect. 2. GYMNOPADUS Koehne in Abhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg, LII. 107 (1910). Calyx sub fructu deciduus. Subsect. 3. LAUROCERASUS (Roem.) Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 303 (excl. P. Maackii) (1893). Sempervirentes, venarum reticulo isodiametrico. Pedunculi nudi; bracteae caducae. Calyx fructifer deciduus. Stylus brevis. Species americanae: P. brasiliensis Roemer (Brasilia), P. Brittoniana Rusby (Bolivia), P. Pearcei Rusby (Bolivia), P. guanaiensis Rusby (Bolivia), P. integri- folia Presl (Peru, Ecuador), P. occidentalis Roemer (Antillae), P. sphaerocarpa Roemer (Antillae, an Mexico?), P. reflexa Roemer (Antillae), P. samydoides Roemer (Mexico), P. laurifolia Schlechtendal (Mexico), P. ilicifolia Roemer (California), P. Lyonii Sargent ^ (California), P. caroliniana Alton (Amer. bor.). — Mediterraneae et macaronesicae : P. Laurocerasus Linnaeus, P. lusitanica Roemer. — Asiaticae : P. ja- vanica Miquel (Java), P. martabanica S. Kurz (Java), P. acuminata Roemer (inde a Nepal usque ad Assam), P. Jenkinsii Hooker f. (Assam), P. phaeosticta Maxi- mowicz (Khasia, China), P. microbotrys Koehne (China), P. macrophylla Siebold & Zuccarini (China, Japonia), P. spinulosa Siebold & Zuccarini (Japonia). Subsect. 4. EUPADUS Koehne in Abhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg, LII. 107 (1910). Sect. Eupadus Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 303 (excl. P. serotina) (1893). Folia decidua, venarum reticulo isodiametrico. PeduncuU typice foliati; brac- teae caducae. Calyx fructifer deciduus. Stamina 20-35. Ser. 1. Pachypodium Koehne in Abhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg, LII. 107 (1910). Racemorum axes stricti pedicellique fructiferi insigniter incrassati, pallide lenti- cellati. Folia semper subtus valide papillosa, saltem stomata papillis arete con- fertis circumvallata abscondita. Cupula semper intus glaberrima; stylus brevis; stamina plerumque ultra 30. Species omnes asiaticae: P. napaulensis Steudel (Himalaya,) P. bracteopadus Koehne (Himalaya), P. Wilsonii (Diels apud C. K. Schneid.) Koehne (China), P. sericea (Batalin) Koehne (China), P. rufomicans Koehne (China). Ser. 2. Leptopodium Koehne in Abhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg, LII. 107 (1910). ^ Prunus Lyonii (Eastwood) Sargent, nov. comb. Prunus occidentalis Lyon in Bot. Gazette, xi. 202, 333 (not Swartz) (1886). — Greene in Bull. Cal. Acad. ii. 395. Prunus ilicifolia, var. occidentalis Brandegee in Proc. Cal. Acad. ser. 2, i. 209 (1888). Prunus ilicifolia, var. integrifolia Sudworth in Garden and Forest, iv. 51 (1891). — Sargent, Silva N. Am. iv. 54. — Jepson, Silva of California, 253. Prunus integrifolia (Sudworth) Sargent, Man. 531, f. 441 (not Walpers) (1905). Cerasus Lyonii Eastwood, Trees of California, 54 (1905). Laurocerasus integrifolia (Sudworth) C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. i. 648 (1906). Laurocerasus Lyonii (Eastwood) Britton, Trees N. Am. 512 (1908). C. S. s. ROSACE AE. — PRUNUS 75 Racemorum fructiferorum axes pedicellique haud vel vix incrassati nee insipni- ter pallidc lenticellati. Folia subtus plus minus vel haud papillosa. Cupula intus plerumque saltern basi pilosa, rarius glabra. Stamina (14-)20-35. Stylus brevis. Species americanae: P. virginiana Roemer (Amer. bor.), P. demissa Nuttall apud Torrey and Gray (Amer. bor.). — Europaeo-asiaticae: P. Padus Linn6 (inde ab Europa usque ad Sachalin). — Asiaticae: P. cornuta Steudel (inde ab Afghanistan usque ad Sikkim), P. anadenia Koehne (Afghanistan), P. glaucifolia Koehne (Hima- laya), P. diversifolia Koehne (Korea), P. brachypoda BataUn (Cliina, Tibet), P. velutina Batalin (China), P. bicolor Koehne (China), P. ssiori F. Schmidt (Mand- schuria, Sachalin, Japonia). An hujus sedis?: species koreanae P. seoulensis Leveill^, P. diamantinus L6veill6, P. Fauriei Leveill6. Ser. 3. Gratopadus Koehne in Abhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg, LII. 107 (1910). Sect. Eupadus Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 303 (pro parte) (1893). Axes racemorum pedicellique fructiferi nee incrassati nee lenticellati. Folia eubtus haud papillosa in dentibus infimis biglandulosa (ut in subsect. Calycinia). Cupula intus glaberrima; stamina circ. 22-26; stylus longus. Species asiatica: P. Grayana Maximo wicz (China, Japonia) cum Padus acro' phylla C. K. Schneider ehinensi verisimiUime nuUo modo diversa. Subsect. 5. MAACKIOPADUS Koehne in Abhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenburg, LII. 107 (1910). Folia decidua venarum reticulo isodiametrieo. Pedunculi nudi; bracteae per- sistentes. Calyx magis campanulatus quam in subsect. 1-4, fructifer deciduus; stamina c. 20-30; stylus longus stamina aequans v. paullo superans. Species omnes asiaticae: P. Maackii Ruprecht (Mandschuria, regio amurensis), P. laxiflora Koehne (China). AQUIFOLIACEAE. ILEX L. Determined by Th. Loesener. Ilex rotunda Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 77 (1784). — Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. LXXVIII. 106 (1901). Kiangsi: Kiu-kiang, thickets of foot hills, alt. 300 m., August 2, 1907 (No. i6ii). Ilex purpurea Hasskarl, var. a Oldhamii Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol LXXVIII. 112 (1901). Ilex Oldhamii Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. III. 105 (1867). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woodlands, alt. 300-1000 m., June and December 1907 (Nos. 689, 3097). Western Szech'uan: Kiu-ting Fu, thickets, alt. 600-900 m., November 1908 (No. 3096). Ilex pedunculosa Miquel, forma, 13 continentalis Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. LXXVIII. 108 (1901): Kiangsi: Kuling, side of streams, alt. 1200 m., July 30, 1907 (No. 1609). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woodlands, alt. 900-1500 m., June 1907 (No. 477); Patung Hsien, woodlands, alt. 300-900 m., June 1907 (No. 3095). Ilex jrunnanensis Franchet, PI. Delavay. II. 128 (1899). — Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. LXXVIII. 131 (1901). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 1500-2000 m., June and September 1908 (Nos. 1024, 3092, 3094); Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1500 m., June 19, 1908 (No. 3093)- Ilex metabaptista Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. LXXVIII. 238 (1901). Western Hupeh: Chang-yang Hsien, side of streams, alt. 300-600 m., May and December 1907 (No. 756). 76 AQUIFOLIACEAE. — ILEX 77 Ilex Fargesii Franchet in Jour, de Bot. XII. 255 (1898). — Locsener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. LXXVIII. 239 (1901). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1200-2100 m., May and September 1907 (No. 231). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woodlands, alt. 1500-2000 m., June 1908 (No. 3098). Ilex Fargesii, var. v. forma, /3 megalophylla Locsener, n. forma. Foliis majoribus praecipue latioribus, usque 15 cm. longis et 4.1 cm. latis, petiolo usque 2.1 cm. longo, a typo recedens. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 1500 m., July and September 1908 (No. 1034). Ilex Franchetiana Loesener, n. sp. Frutex 2-3 metralis, glaber v. glaberrimus. Ramuli i. s. brunneo- nigrescentes, vel cinereo-fuscescentes, hornotini i. s. angulati vel striato-subsulcati, laeves, 2-6 mm. crassi. Folia interstitiis, 4-18 mm. longis dissita; stipulis 0 vel valde fugacibus, modice v. longiuscule (7-19 mm. longe) petiolata; petiolo quam lamina circ. 5-10-plo brevi- ore, supra medio profunde longitudinali-sulcato; lamina angustissime decurrente marginato, marginibus superne conniventibus v. erectis, 1-2 mm. crasso, obovato-elliptica usque oblanceolata rarius lanceo- lato-elliptica, margine i. s. anguste v. angustissime recurvato, densius V. remotius et argute serrulato, iuxta basin saepe integro, basi cuneata V. raro cuneato-subobtusa, apice manifeste et acute v. acutiuscule acuminata, acumine usque 19 mm. longo, 7-12.5 cm. longa, 1.7-3.5 cm. lata, chartacea usque coriacea, glabra, i. s. supra nitidula v. vix nitidula, cinereo-olivacea usque subatro-brunnea, subtus paullulo pallidiora, costa media supra i. s. impressa vel insculpta, subtus ex- pressa, nervis lateralibus utrinque circ. 7-10 sub angulo circ. 30-50° obviis, rectis et iuxta marginem ad apicem versus curvatis raro leviter et sub-'-*'-formiter arcuatis, tenuibus, supra plane obsoletis v. vix pro- minulis, v. sub lente tenuissime et obsolete insculptis, subtus tenuiter prominentibus v. prominulis iuxta marginem laxius et saepe obsolete reticulatis, reticulo supra mconspicuo. Inflorescentiae in foliorum axillis fasciculatae, S l-florae vel semel dichotomae, 2-3-florae, 9 1-florae, glabrae, pedunculis in i brevissimis, sub alabastris vix 1 mm. longis, bracteis deltoideis vel ovato-deltoideis obtusis vel acutis 1-1.5 mm. longis, pedicellis in 9 usque 4 mm. longis, prophyllis medio V. sub medio pedicello insertis, bracteis similibus integris; flores 4-meri vel 4-5-meri; calycis lobi late ovato-deltoidei, obtusi v. rotun- dati, vix 1 mm. longi et circ. 1 mm. lati, sub lente valida tenuissime 78 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA et parce ciliolati; corollae fl. 9 petala albida ovata vel ovalia, subli- bera, circ. 3 mm. longa, fl. i tantum alabastra visa; stamina fl. i tantum in alabastra visa; staminodia fl. 9 petalis vix breviora, libera v. sublibera, antheris sterilibus apice intrusis, subcordiformibus, filamento multo brevioribus; ovarium fl. 9 subovoideum obsolete longitudinali-4-sulcatum, stigmate crassiusculo et discoidea obsolete 4-lobo eoronatum, circ. 2.75 mm. longum, 4-loculare etc. Drupa globosa, stigmate discoideo coronata, circ. 6 mm. diam., in vivo rubra v. scarlatina, i.s. rugosa et plus minusve striato-sulcata, exocarpio tunicato, mesocarpio carnoso, 4-pyrena, pyrenis subtrigonis, dorso striato-sulc^tis, 5 mm. longis et circ. 3 mm. latis, ligneis valde duris etc. Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May and September 1907 (No. 148). Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2400 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1257). This species is closely related to /. Fargesii Franchet, which differs in the shape of the leaves. These are entire or mostly entire below the middle, with longer bases gradually narrowed into the petioles, and at the apex are narrowed into a shorter and broader point. It forms a transition between the sections Micro- dontae and Repandae, and might perhaps be better placed in the latter, although I have placed it with the Lemurenses on account of its close relationship with /. Fargesii. Ilex Aquifolium Linnaeus, var. c chinensis Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol LXXVIII. 263 (1901). Western Hupeh: Ichang, chffs in glens, etc., alt. 300-600 m., March 27, 1907 (No. 3100). Ilex Perayi Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, V. 221 (PI. David. I. 69) (1883). — Oliver in Hooker's Icon. XVI. t. 1539 (1886). — Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. LXXVIII. 278 (1901). Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, alt. 2100 m., July 18, 1908 (No. 119). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, mountain sides, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May 14 and September 1907 (No. 119 in part). Ilex comuta Lindley & Paxton, Flow. Gard. I. 43, fig. 27 (1850).— Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. LXXVIII. 280 (1901). Kiangsi: Kiu-kiang, abundant, alt. 150 m., August 2, 1907 (No. 1608). Western Hupeh: Ichang, ravines and hill-sides, alt. 300- 600 m.. May 1907 (No. 3101). Ilex ciliospinosa Loesener, n. sp. Frutex 1-4-metralis. Hamuli erecti v. patentes, vetustiores teretes. AQUIFOLIACEAE. — ILEX 79 cortice sordide griseo dense rimuloso et asperulo obtecti, tricnnes 4-5 mm. crassi, hornotini dense et breviter subvillosulo-hirtelli, tarde v. non glabrescentes, obsolete longitudinali-striolati. Folia usque quar- tum in annum in ramulis remanentia, interstitiis usque 11 mm. longis dissita; stipulis e basi crassa subulatis plus minus persistentibus, eal- losis vix 1 mm. longis, interdum indumento reconditis, brevissime (1-vix 2 mm. longe) petiolata; petiolo quam lamina 15-38-plo breviore, supra medio longitudinali-impresso ; lamina anguste decurrente mar- ginato, sub lente valida saepe pulvereo-puberulo v. subglabro, basi usque 1.5 mm. crasso, parvula, ovalia v. ovata usque oblonga, margine anguste recurvato, spinose denticulato-serrato, denticulis porrectis in spinulas singulas ciliiformes 1-2 mm. longas angustatis, basi obtusa V. cuneato-obtusa raro subcuneata, apice acuta v. subacuminata et plerumque in spinulam angustata, 2.5-3.8 cm. longa, 1-1.8 cm. lata, coriacea v. tenaciter et rigidule coriacea, i. s. supra nitidula, brunneo- V. subflavo-olivacea, subtus vix pallidiora, glabra, costa media supra insculpta, subtus prominente, nervis lateralibus utrinque circ. 4-7 sub angulo 40-60° patentibus,rectis v. plerumque paullulum ad basin versus arcuatis v. plus minusve sub-^-formiter curvatis, iuxta marginem laxe reticulatis, supra tenuissime insculptis v. plane obsoletis, subtus promi- nentibus vel prominulis, reticulo subtus prominulo. Inflorescentiae in foliorum axillis fasciculatae, ? tantum notae, 1-florae, pedicellis sub drupa brevissimis, vix 2 mm. longis, sub lente brevissime pulvereo- puberulis, prophyllis medio pedicello insertis, crassis v. subscariosis, deltoideis et basi utrinque unidenticulatis, sub lente valida parce et breviter ciliolatis, 1-1.25 mm. longis; flores ovario bimero ex- cepto 4-meri, ipsi ignoti; calyx sub drupa 4-lobus, 2-3 mm. diam., lobis late deltoideis obtusis v. subrotundatis, circ. 1 mm. longis, paene 2 mm. latis. Drupa i. s. ellipsoidea, stigmate discoideo coronata, i. v. rubra, i. s. rugosa, circ. 7 mm. longa, 5-6 mm. lata, exocarpio tuni- cato, mesocarpio carnoso, 2-pyrena, pyrenis subsemiovoideis (i. e. forma dimidiae ovi medio longitudinaliter persecti parti similibus), circ. 5.5 mm. longis, 3-4 mm. latis, lignescentibus et tenacibus, longi- tudinaliter a basi ad apicem dorso s'ubpalmatim 5-striolatis, ventre circ. 2-striolatis, seminibus non visis. Western Szech'uan: Chien-shi Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500 m., September 15, 1908 (No. 996); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1500 m., Octo- ber 1908 (No. 996=^). Most nearly related to 7. dipyrena Wallich, which differs in the leaves being more than twice as large and in its glabrous or at least nearly glabrous branchlets. 80 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Ilex corallina Franchet in Bull. Soc. BoL France, XXXIII. 452 (1886); PI. Delavay. II. 127 (1889). — Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.- Carol. LXXVIII. 327 (1901). Western Hupeh: Ichang, ravines, alt. 300-600 m., March 20 and June 1907 (No. 6). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1200-1800 m., November 1908 (No 1269) Ilex szechwanensis Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. LXXVIII. 347 (1901). Western Hupeh: south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 1200 m., October 1907 (No. 461). Ilex Wilsonii Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. LXXXIX. No. I. 287 (1908). Kiangsi: Ruling, thickets, alt. 1200 m., July 31, 1907 (No. 1610). Ilex subrugosa Loesener, n. sp. Frutex 1.5-2 m. altus. Ramuli recti, erecti v. patentes, vetus- tiores demum subteretes, iuniores i. s. longitudinaliter striato-suban- gulati, biennes circ. 3.5 mm. crassi, hornotini 2-2.5 mm. crassi, sub lente dense sed brevissime pulvereo-puberuli. Folia usque tertium in annum (etiam diutius?) in ramulis remanentia, interstitiis usque 13 mm. longis dissita, stipulis minutis, triangularibus, callosis, per- sistentibus sed postea oblitteratis, breviuscule (4-8 mm. longe) peti- olatis, petiolo quam lamina circ. 7-9-plo breviore, sub lente valida minute et brevissime pulvereo-puberulo, supra acute sulcato; lamina angustissime decurrente marginato, circ. 1 mm. crasso, lanceolata vel ovato- vel oblongo-lanceolata, raro suboblanceolata, margine i. s. anguste recurvato, dense serrulato, basi cuneata v. acuta, apice sen- sim et obtusiuscule v. subacute acuminata, acumine usque 13 mm. longo, 4.5-8 cm. longa, 1.2-2.1 cm. lata, coriacea, supra nitida v. nitidissima, brunneo-olivacea, subtus pallidiora, non v. vix nitidula, costa media supra insculpta, subtus prominula v. vix prominente, nervis lateralibus utrinque circ. 5-7, sub angulo 45-65° patentibus, subrectis v. obsolete ad basin versus curvatis, supra plane obsoletis v. rarius conspicuis et sub lente tenuissime insculptis, subtus vix promi- nulis vel obsoletis, iuxta marginem laxe reticulatis, reticulo subtus vix prominulo v. plerumque plane inconspicuo, epidermide subtus saepius plicato-rugulosa. Inflorescentiae 9 tantum notae, in foliorum axillis pauci fasciculatae, v., si maris, axi communi evoluto brevi usque circ. 5 mm. longo in pseudoracemum brevissimum dispositae, singulae uni- 1 AQUIFOLIACEAE. — ILEX 81 florae, sub lente valida brevissime et minute pulvereo-puberulae, pedicellis 3-4 mm. longis, basi biprophyllatis, prophyllis deltoideis acutis, dorso medio plus minusve carinatis et sub lente brevissime pilosulis, circ. 1 mm. longis; flores ex drupa 4-meri; calyx sub drupa 4-lobus, 2-2.5 mm. diam., lobis late deltoideis obtusis vel rotundatis, integris, 0.5-0.75 mm. longis, circ. 1.5 mm. latis. Drupa late ellipsoidea, stigmate discoideo, obscuro, 4-lobo coronata, in vivo rubra, i. s. griseo- fusea et obsolete rugosa, circ. 5 mm. longa, 4-4.5 mm. lata, exocarpio tunicato extrinsecus sub lente valida tenuissime subtuberculato- ruguloso, mesocarpio tenui carnoso, 4-pyrena, pyrenis circ. 3.5 mm. longis, 1.75 mm. latis, trigonis, longitudinaliter paucistriolatis et impresso-subsulcatis, tenacibus, lignescentibus. Western Szech'uan: Mt. Wa-wu, Hong-yah Hsien, alt. 1200 m., September 1908 (No. 3099). This species is perhaps better referred to the section Microdontae, but this must remain undecided, until the $ inflorescence is known. The lustrous leaves with the midribs impressed on their upper surface, the nearly obsolete veins and the plicate-rugulose epidermis of the lower surface indicate, however, that it may belong with the section Rugosae. Ilex macrocarpa Oliver, var. a genuina Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.- Carol. LXXVIII. 491 (1901). Western Hupeh: Chang-yang Hsien, alt. 600-1000 m., November 1907 (No. 151, in part); north and south of Ichang, alt. 600-1000 m., May 3 and October 1907 (No. 151, in part); Patung Hsien, roadsides, etc., alt. 300-900 m.. May 1907 (No. 3089, in part). Ilex macrocarpa, var. (3 trichophylla Loesener, I. c. (1901). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, alt. 600-1000 m., May 3 and October 1907 (No. 151, in part); Patung Hsien, roadsides, etc., alt. 300-900 m.. May 1907 (No. 3089, in parte). The specimens distributed under Nos. 151 and 3089 represent partly the typical form and partly this variety, which differs in its longer pedicels and in the leaves being pubescent beneath from the typical form with its shorter pedicels and glabrous leaves. Ilex Henryi Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol LXXVIII. 491 (1901). Western Szech'uan: near Wa-shan, alt. 600-900 m., June 1908 (No. 3088). Ilex fragilis Hooker f., a genuina Loesener in Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol. XXVIII. 493 (1901). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, woods, alt. 2400 m., September 15, 1908 (No. 892). 82 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Ilex fragilis, ^ Kingii Loesener in Nov. Ad. Leop.-Carol. XXVIII. 493 (1901). Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 1800- 2300 m., June and October 1908 (No. 892^). Ilex dubia Britton, Sterns & Poggenburg, var. e pseudomacropoda Loesener, n. var. Ramulis abbreviatis crassis usque 4.5 cm. longis, foliis subtus glabris a var. macropoda diversa quacum ceterum congruens. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods (only one tree seen), alt. 2100 m., May 31, 1907 (No. 3090). No. 664 is represented only by a leafless fruiting branch and cannot be posi- tively identified without leaves; it belongs either to Ilex micrococca Maximowicz or to a closely aUied species. ACERACEAE. Determined by Alfred Rehder. DIPTERONIA Oliver. Dipteronia sinensis Oliver in Hooker's Icon. ^H^IX. t. 189S (1889). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ictiang, woodlands, alt. 900-1800 m., June 1907 (No. 883, in part); Chang-lo Hsien, alt. 900- 1800 m., September 1907 (No. 883, in part); Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 900-1600 m., July 1907 (No. 883, in part); Patung Hsien, alt. 1600 m., June 1907 (No. 883, in part). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woods, alt. 1200-1800 m., September 1907 (No. 883, in part). The fruits of the specimens from Mupin are somewhat larger and sometimes 3 cm., long. ACER L. Sect. PLATANOIDEA Pax. Acer pictum Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 162 (1784). The typical form does not occur in China. Acer pictum, var. parviflorum C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Lauh- holzk. II. 225 (1907). Acer mono Maximowicz in Bull. Phys. Math. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XV. 126 (1857); in Mel. Biol. II. 416 (1857). Acer laetum, y 'parviflorum Regel in Bull. Phys. Math. Acad. Sci. St. Peters- bourg, XV. 219 (1857); in Mel. Biol. II. 486 (1857). Acer pictum, var. mono Pax in Bot. Jahrb. VII. 236 (1886); in Engler, Pflanzen- reich, Heft 8 (IV. 163), 47 (1903). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 177 (1905). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, common, alt. 1200-2300 m., May and September 1907 (Nos. 310, 1889?, 1905, 1915, 1919, 1921); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1500-1800 m.. May 31, 1907 (No. 642); Wen-tsao-shan, Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1800-2400 m., May 1907 (Nos. 1897, 1922); Chang-yang Hsien, woodlands. May, July, and September 1907 (Nos. 1923, 1926, 2049). Western Szech'uan: Ta-p'ao-shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, forests, alt. 2300- 83 84 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 2800 m., July 3, 1908 (No. 1935); southeast of Sungpan, woods, alt. 2400-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4507). Acer fulvescens Rehder, n. sp. Arbor usque ad 20 m. alta trunco ad 65 cm. diam.; cortex trunci modice laevis, longitudinaliter leviter tantum fissus, cinereus v. flavido- cinereus, lenticellis bruimeis saepe in series horizontales confluentes dispositis instructus. Ramuli juniores glabri, annotini pallide bruimei V. griseo-brunnei v. grisei, lenticellis paucis instruct!. Gemmae brun- neae, perulis 4-6 exterioribus. Folia membranacea, graciliter petio- lata, circuitu suborbicularia, basi rotundata v. subcordata, plerum- que trilobata, interdum lobis duobus basalibus minutis additis, sinu- bus latissimis apertis, lobis brevibus late triangulari-ovatis, subito longe acuminatis, 5-9 cm. longa et 5-10 cm. lata, supra glabra et laete viridia, subtus pallidiora, minute reticulata, tomento villoso initio flavescente, demum fulvescente laxe obtecta; petioli glabri v. tantum apicem versus pubescentes, rarius toti puberuli, 2.5-6 cm. longi. Corymbus pedicello glabro, 2-3 cm. longo insidens, laxus, multiflorus, pedicellis gracilibus glabris v. apicem versus puberulis v. interdum cor>inbus totus puberulus; flores desiderantur. Samara alls horizontalibus loculo compresso 8 mm. longo incluso 3 cm. longis, supra medium latissimis et circa 1 cm. latis, juniora purpurascentia, demum pallide flavido-brurmea. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woods, alt. 2100-2700 m., September 1908 (No. 1004, type); Wa-shan, woods, alt. 1800-2300 m., October 1908 (No. 1162); Mupin, woods, alt. 1500- 2000 m., July 1908 (No. 1907). Acer fulvescens seems most nearly related to Acer pictum Thunberg, which has the branches covered with the same kind of bark, but differs in the glabrous gen- erally five-lobed leaves and the shorter wings of the fruits. Acer longipes, which is very similar, is easily distinguished by the smooth greenish or purplish bark of the younger branches without lenticels, the perfectly glabrous corymbs and petioles and by the larger leaves, their pubescence being not yellowish or fulvous. Nos. 1162 and 1907 differ from the type in their puberulous inflorescence. No. 1907 has even the whole petioles and the young branchlets below the nodes puberulous. Acer cappadocicum Gleditsch, in Schrift. Gesell. Naturf. Freunde Ber- lin, VI. 116, t. 2 (1785). Acer ynonspessulanum, var. i3 Linnaeus, Sp. 1056 (in part as to syn. Tournefort) (1753). Acer laetum C. A. Meyer, Verz. Kauk. Pflanz. 206 (1831). — Pax in Engler, Pflanzenreich, Heft 8 (IV. 163), 48 (1902). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 177 (1905). ACERACEAE. — ACER 85 Though Gleditsch's species is based only on a single leaf without flowers or fruits, the figure leaves no doubt that it is the same as A. laeturn C. A. Meyer, and his name being about 45 years older must supersede that given by Meyer. Acer cappadocicum is based on a leaf collected by Gundelsheimer, who traveled with Tournefort in Asia Minor during the years 1700 to 1702. The same species is mentioned by Tournefort {Coroll. 43) under the name Acer orierUalis Hederae folio, but without any description or remark. Acer cappadocicum, var. sinicum Rehdcr, n. var. Acer laeturn var. cuUratum Pax in Engler, Pflanzenreich, Heft 8 (IV. 163), 48 (in part) (1902). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 178 (in part) (1905). A typo differt foliis minoribus plerumque 6-9 cm. longLs quinque- lobis basi subcordatis v. truncatis, fructibus minoribus alis loculo incluso 2.5-3 cm. longis, floribus minoribus. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1500-2100 m., May 11, 1907 (No. 1884); Chang-lo Hsien, woods, alt. 1500 m., May 1907 (No. 1925). Western Szech'uan: Ta-p'ao-shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2300 m., July 5, 1908 (No. 1903); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, woods, alt. 2100-2600 m., October (No. 1009). To this variety I refer all Chinese specimens I have seen from Hupeh, Szech'uan, and Yunnan. It differs from var. indicum in its smaller leaves with narrower and longer lobes, purplish when unfolding and less densely bearded in the axils of the primary veins beneath and in the smaller flowers and fruits. In the shape and size of its leaves it much resembles A. pictum, var. parviflorum C. K. Schneider, but is easily distinguished by the smooth greenish bark of the young branches. No. 1903 from Szech'uan differs from the typical form in its somewhat larger leaves, 7 to 11 cm. long, and Henry's No. 10877 from Yunnan in its shghtly hairy calyx and ciliate sepals. Acer cappadocicum and particularly its variety sinicum is often confounded with Acer pictum, as the relative length of wing and nutlet, usually given as the chief distinguishing character, is very variable in both species. The best character by which to distinguish these two species seems to lie in the bark of the younger branches; this character has moreover the advantage that it is always recognizable even in winter. In Acer pictum the epidermis of the young branches ceases growing during the first summer, and the bark of the branches becomes corky and grayish white, ashy gray or fight grayish brown and is marked with conspicuous lenticels and in the second year with slight longitudinal fissures, while in A. cappadocicum the branches remain covered by the growing epidermis for several years, and are there- fore smooth, ranging from green or greenish to purple in color, marked with only few and small lenticels or are without lenticels. Other distinguishing characters are the generally truncate leaves, at least in the Chinese variety, in A. pictum they are subcordate, the more convex and smaller nutlets in A. cappadocicum and the wing contracted at the base, while in A. piclum the nutlets are much compressed, almost flat, and the wings are of nearly the same width through their whole length. The terminal winter-buds of A. pictum have 2 to 3 pairs of outer scales, those of A. cappadocicum 3 to 4 pairs. 86 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Acer cappadocicum, f. tricaudatum Rehder, n. comb. Acer laeluvi, var. tricaudatum Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 178 (1905). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, cliffs, alt. 1700 m., May 14, 1907 (No. 1892) . WesternSzech'uan: west of Tachien-lu, side of streams, alt. 2700-3000 m., October 1908 (No. 1358). In No. 1358 the wings of the fruit are scarcely twice as long as the nutlets and the fruits much resemble those of A. pictum Thunberg, but the bark shows the character of A. cappadocicum. Acer cappadocicum, f . tricaudatum is apparently only a form of the preceding variety and possibly the variation is not even constant. ^ Acer amplum Rehder, n. sp. Arbor 5-12 m. alta ramulis junioribus glabris viridibus v. purpureo- viridibus laevibus lenticellis parvis paucis institutis epidermate per plures annos persistente. Gemmae subglobosae, pallide olivaceae, perulis circa 6 exterioribus obtusis glabris margine minute ciliato excepto, perulis interioribus accrescentibus extus pilis fulvis appres- sis vestitis. Folia chartacea, quinque-loba, latiora quam longa, basi 1 The change of the specific name makes necessary, besides those mentioned above, the following new combinations of varietal names: Acer cappadocicum, f. horticola Rehder, n. comb. Acer laetum, f. horticola Pax in Bot. Jahrb. VII. 238 (1886). Acer laetum, f. rubrum Schwerin in Gartenfl. XLII. 459 (1893). Acer cappadocicum, f. tricolor Rehder, n. comb. Acer laetum, f. tricolor Schwerin in Gartenfl. XLII. 459 (1893). Acer cappadocicum, var. indicum Rehder, n. comb. Acer cultratum Wallich, PI. As. Rar. II. 4 (1831). Acer Lobelii, subsp. laetum, var. indicum Pax in Bot. Jahrb. VII. 237 (1886). Acer laetum, var. indicum Schwerin, Gartenfl. XLII. 459 (1893). Acer laetum, var. cultratum Pax in Engler, Pflanzenreich, Heft. 8 (IV. 163), 48 (1902). Of the other published names two, Acer laetum, var. colchicum Pax and Acer laetum, f . viride Hesse represent the type and need therefore no new names, while the two following varieties must be referred to other species. Acer laetum, var. tomentosulum Rehder is identical with Acer longipes Franchet. It was originally based on a flowering branch with undeveloped, only partly un- folded leaves, apparently quite different from those of A. longipes, of which I also had seen at that time only a few specimens. Additional material, however, recently received convinced me that it cannot be separated from A. longipes. Acer laetum, var. Regelii Pax is identical with A. turkestanicum Pax in Engler, Pflanzenreich, Heft 8 (IV. 163), 48 (1902), as is shown by the collection of Turkes- tanian Maples of the St. Petersburg Herbarimn, wliich was loaned to me through the kindness of Mr. Lipsky. The leaves are always pubescent beneath, though at maturity the pubescence is sometimes much reduced and hardly noticeable with- out a lens, which probably accounts for the fact that Pax placed the fruiting speci- men under the glabrous A. laetum. ACERACEAE. — ACER 87 truncata v. subcordata, 10-18 cm. lata et 9-16 cm. longa, lobis late ovatis brevibus, subito longe acuminatis, basalibus interdum minutis V. fere obsoletis, sinubus late apertis, supra glabra, obscure viridia, subtus laete viridia, glabra axillis barbatis exceptis, initio ut supra sparse glandulosa, interdum ad basin puberula, maturitate reticu- lata; petioli graciles, glabri v. apice tantum puberuli, 7-10 cm. longi. Corymbus fere sessilis v. pedunculo vix 5 mm. longo, amplus et laxus, 12-15 cm. diam., glaber, pedicellis gracilibus perianthio longi- oribus; flores 12 mm. diam.; sepala oblonga, apice obtusa, glabra, 5 mm. longa, viridi-alba; petala obovata v. oblongo-ovata, basi con- tracta, 6 mm. longa et 3-4 mm. lata, alba; stamina petalis breviora; ovarium glandulosum; stylus 1.5 mm. longus stigmatibus recurvis stylum aequantibus. Samara alis angulo obtuso v. recto divergenti- bus loculo leviter venoso 11 mm. longo et 7 mm. lato incluso 3.5-4.5 cm. longis et 12-15 mm. latis, medio latissimis, pallide brunneis. Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500-1800 m., June and July 1907 (Nos. 1906, 1938); without locality, April and May 1900 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 287, 605). Acer amplum is nearly related to A. cappadocicum Gleditsch, which differs chiefly in its smaller long-peduncled inflorescence and smaller leaves with narrower and longer lobes. It forms with A. catalpifolium and A. longipes a group of closely related species characterized by the sessile ample inflorescence. Acer amplum, var. tientaiense Rehder, n. comb. Acer longipes, var. tientaiense C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. II. 224 (1907). Folia plerumque trilobis interdum utrinque lobo basali minuto in- structa, latiora quam longa, 7-16 cm. lata et 6-14 cm. longa, basi plerumque truncata, utrinque glabra, lobis oblongo-ovatis longe acuminatis, margine undulato. Samara alis loculo incluso 2.5-3.5 cm. longis plerumque vix 1 cm. latis. Ceterum ut in typo. Chekiang: Tientai Mts., 1889, E. Faber (No. 202). Kiangsi: Kuling, near temple, alt. 1200 m., July 29, 1907 (No. 1502). This variety differs from the type chiefly in its smaller more often 3-lobed leaves with longer and narrower lobes and in the smaller fruits with narrower wings. The specimens from Kuling approach the type in the larger mostly 5-lobed leaves and the somewhat larger fruits. Acer catalpifolium Rehder, n. sp. Arbor 10-23 m. alta; truncus ad 1.20 m. diam., cortice pallido einerco-flavido interdum decorticante et corticem interiorem cin- namomeum detegente obtectus; ramuli juniores glaberrimi sine len- 88 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA ticellis V. lenticellis perpaucis parvis instruct!, virides v purpurascentes, vetustiores epidermate laevi per plures annos persistente instructi. Gemmae ovoideae, circa 8 mm. longae, olivaceae, glaberrimae, perulis 6 V. 8 exterioribus, inferioribus fere semiorbicularibus, superioribus ovatis obtusiusculis. Folia ovata v. ovato-oblonga, longe acuminata, basi rotundata, indivisa et integra v. infra medium utrinque lobo rotundato brevissimo instructa, 9-18 cm. longa et 4.5-12 cm. lata, rarissime foliis 3-5-lobis fere tam latis quam longis, lobis late ovatis longe acuminatis instructis, basi truncatis v. subcordatis intermixtis, utrinque glabra et laete viridia, subtus reticulata et in axillis barbu- lata; petioli glabri, virides, 4-14 cm. longi. Corymbus sessilis, multi- florus, laxus, usque ad 20 cm. diam.; flores desiderantur. Fructus pallide fiavido-brunnei ; alae cum loculis complanatis elevato-striatis 4-5 cm. longae et 10-13 mm. latae, rectae, angulo obtuso divergentes. Western Szech'uan: near Ya-chou Fu, side of streams, alt. 800- 900 m., October 1908 (No. 1359, in part), alt. 450-600 m., October 1910 (No. 4208); west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 900 m., June 17, 1908 (No. 1359, in part), without locality. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3350). Acer catalpifolium is nearly allied to A . amplum and to A . longipes, both of which are easily distinguished by their three- or five-lobed leaves. Acer longipes, which occasionally produces some undivided leaves, differs besides in the pubescent under side of the leaves. According to Wilson this species is a handsome tree of very dis- tinct appearance with the foUage turning yellow in autumn. Acer longipes Franchet apud Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 178 (1905). Acer laetum, var. tomentosulum Rehder, I. c. Western Hupeh: South Wushan, woods, alt. 1800 m., October 1907 (No. 434, in part); Fang Hsien, alt. 1600 m.. May 21, 1907 (No. 434, in part); Chang-yang, alt. 1600 m., October 1907 (No. 434 in part; Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, not common, alt. 1800 m.. May 10, 1907 (No. 1909). Additional material has shown that the leaves are sometimes five-lobed, and that apparently my A. laetum, var. tomentosulum, which was based on a flowering specimen with only half grown leaves, belongs to this species, so that now the pubescence of the foliage constitutes the chief character by which to distinguish A. longipes from A. cappadocicum and A. amplum. Sect. PALMATA Acer palmatum Thunberg, Fl Jap. 162 (1784). Kiangsi: Ruling, thickets, alt. 1200 m., July 28 and 31, 1907 (Nos. 1504, 1505). ACERACEAE. — ACER 89 These specimens agree well with typical A. palmatum; the leaves are generally seven-lobed, about 6-8 cm. in diameter with oblong-ovate, acuminate and doubly serrate lobes, quite glabrous beneath except tufts of hairs at the base of the primary veins, and slightly reticulate; the wings of the fruit measure with the nutlet 2-2.2 cm. The Hupeh specimens referred by me previously (in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 179) to this species belong to the following species. Acer robustum Pax in Engler, Pflanzenreich, Heft 8 (IV. 163), 79 (1902). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1800 m., May, June and October 1907 (Nos. 339, 1890, 1932); Fang Hsien, side of streams, alt. 1500-1800 m., May 21, 27 and July 1907 (Nos. 1899, 1900, 1913, 1920); Chang-lo Hsien, woods, alt. 1200-1500 m., Sep- tember 1907 (No. 2050); without locality (Veitch. Exped. Nos. 538, 540). Acer robustum differs from A. palmatum chiefly in its larger fruits and the larger and broader sepals and petals; the sepals and young fruits are purple. The leaves when imfolding are thinly covered with long hairs, but soon become glabrous ex- cept the bearded axils of the veins; the inflorescence is also at first sUghtly hairy. Acer ceriferum Rehder, n. sp. Arbor 10 m. alta trunco circuitu metrali; ramuli hornotini tomento villoso cinereo partim usque secundum annum persistenti vestiti, vetustiores olivacei v. brunnei, laeves, cereo albido-cinereo obtecti. Folia membranacea, quinque- v. septem-lobata, circuitu fere semior- bicularia, latiora quam longa, basi truncata v. subcordata, 5-8 cm. lata et 4.5-6 cm. longa, lobis ovato-oblongis, acuminatis, simpliciter et argute serrulatis, sinubus acutis mediam laminam attingentibus, supra laete viridia, subtus pallidiora et reticulata, utrinque ad venas primarias pubescentia subtus densius, in axillis venarum non barbata; petioli 2.5-4 cm. longi, floccoso-villosi. Flores desiderantur. Fructus (immaturi sed evidenter ad iustam magnitudinem perventi) 3-6 in corymbo parvo; pedunculus gracilis, 4 cm. longus, laxe villosus; sepala diu persistentia, oblonga, intus villosa; loculi horizontaliter patentes, 6 mm. longi et 4 mm. lati, laxe villosi, alae leviter incurvac cum loculis 2 cm. longae, supra medium 8 mm. latae, in loculum attenuatae, non decurrentes. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, ravines (only one tree seen), alt. 1500 m., June and July 1907 (No. 1934). On account of its pubescence this species seems most nearly related to A. Sieboldi- anum Miquel, which is easily distinguished by its seven- to eleven-lobed leaves, the bearded axils of the under side, the stouter petioles, the decurrent wing of the fruit and the absence of the waxy covering of the branches. 90 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Sect. SPICATA Pax. Acer Oliverianum Pax in Hooker's Icon. XIX. text to t. 1897 (1889). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 1500 m., July 1907 (No. 1936).^ Acer Giraldii Pax in Y^nglev, Pflanzenreich, Heft 8 (IV. 163), 79 (1902). Western Szech'uan: southeast of Sungpan, forests, alt, 2400 m., August 1910 (No. 4506). Shensi: G. Oiraldi (No. 2115, 2136). Closely related to A . caesium Wallich from which it differs chiefly in the broader, less acuminate lobes, the minute often obsolete basal lobes, the coarser and more remote serration and the strongly reticulate under side of the leaves. The size of the fruits seems to afford no distinguishing character, for I have before me Hima- layan specimens with fruits about 4 cm. long and Wilson's No. 4506 has fruits 5.5 cm. long. Wilson's No. 2707 (in Herb. Kew.) from Hupeh referred by me formerly to A. caesium, probably belongs here. Acer sinense Pax in Hooker's Icon. XIX. text to t. 1897 (1889). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1500-2100 m. (No. 1885). Wilson's No. 1885, consisting only of sterile branches, is possibly a juvenile form of A. sinense; it differs from the typical form in its deeply divided five-lobed leaves with oblong, rather narrow lobes, the middle one 7-8 cm. long and 3 cm. broad. Apparently the same form is figured by Veitch as A. spec, (in Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. XXIX. 354, fig. 99, 103). I have not been able to find among Wilson's and Henry's flowering and fruiting material a specimen which matches this form in the shape of the leaves. Acer Wilsonii Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 157, t. 79 (1905). Western Hupeh: South Wushan, woods, alt. 1200-1800 m., September 1907 (No. 233). Acer erianthum Schwerin in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. X. 59 (1901). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2400 m., July 1907 (No. 1931), October 1910 (No. 4428); southeast of Sungpan, alt. 2500 m., August 1910 (No. 4508). 1 There may be added a note on a variety from Fokien. Acer Oliverianum, var. serrulatum Rehder, n. comb. Acer Wilsonii, var. serrulatum Dunn in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXXVIII. 358 (1908). Fokien: April to June 1905,5. T.Dunn (Herb. Hongkong Bot. Gard. No. 2545). Differs from the type in its smaller, three-lobed leaves with short ovate ap- pressed serrulate lobes narrowed into a short obtusish acumen, glabrous on both sides, reticulate beneath, 2.5-4 cm. long and 3.5-5.5 cm. broad; corymb small and few-flowered. To A. Wilsonii Rehder it seems less closely related; that species differs from it widely in its paniculate inflorescence, and in the entire or nearly entire lobes of the thinner leaves. ACERACEAE. — ACER 91 Acer flabellatum Rehdcr in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 161, t. 81 (1905). Western Hupeh: Sheng-tung-chin, Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 2100 m., May 19, 1907 (No. 683, flowers); Chang-yang Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m., June and October 1907 (Nos. 1891, 1912); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1800 m., May 19 and June 4, 1907 (Nos. 1902, 1911); Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 1500 m., July 1907 (No. 1910). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, woods, alt. 1800-2100 m., July and September 1908 (No. 1006), alt. 2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4101); Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2100 m., June 20, 1908 (No. 1908). Acer caudatum Wallich, PL As. Bar. II. 4, 28, t. 132 (1831). The typical form does not occur in China. Acer caudatum, var. multiserratum (Maximo wicz) Rehder in Sar- gent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 163 (1905). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods and thickets, common, alt. 2300-2700 m., June and September 1907 (Nos. 309, 1928). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woods, alt. 2100-2700 m., June and July 1908 (Nos. mo, in part, 1930); southeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2100- 2700 m., June and October 1908 (Nos. iiio, 4335); Wa-shan, woods, alt. 2100-2700 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1161); southeast of Sungpan, woodlands, alt. 2400-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4510); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woods, alt. 2700-2900 m., October 1910 (No. 4143). Most of the Szech'uan specimens approach var. Prattii Rehder in the more or less pubescent petioles and branchlets. Acer caudatum, var. Prattii Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 164 (1905). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woods, alt. 2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4211); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 2400 m., Novem- ber 1910 (No. 4103). Acer tataricum Linnaeus, Spec. II. 1054 (1753). Western Hupeh: Ichang, roadside thickets, alt. 300 m.. May 3, 1907 (No. 1933). Chekiang: Ningpo, /. Macgregor. Acer trifidum Hooker and Arnott, Bot. Voy. Beechey, 174 (not Thunberg) (1841). Chekiang: Ningpo, 7. Macgregor. 92 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Acer trifidum, var. ningpoense Hance in Jour. Bot. XI. 168 (1873). Kiangsi: Kiukiang Plain (at one place only), alt. 100 m., August 2, 1907 (No. 1503). Sect. INTEGRIFOLIA Pax » Acer oblongum Wallich apud De Candolle, Prodr. I. 593 (1824). Western Hupeh: Ichang, around temples, alt. 30-300 m., August and October 1907 (No. 257); Fang Hsien, around houses, alt. 600- 900 m., July 1907 (No. 1929, in part); Chang-yang Hsien, roadsides, alt. 300-900 m. (No. 1929, in part). Acer oblongum, var. latialatum Pax in Engler, Pflanzenreich, Heft 8 (IV. 163), 31 (1903). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 300-900 m., May and October 1907 (No. 376, in part); Ichang, alt. 30-900 m., May and September 1907 (No. 376, in part). Acer laevigatum Wallich, PI. As. Bar. II. 3, t. 104 (1831). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, alt. 300-900 m., July and September 1907 (No. 1924). Western Szech'uan: near Ya-chou, alt. 600-900 m., May, June, and September 1908 (No. 979). Acer Fargesii Franchet apud Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 180 (1905). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m.. May 1907 (No. 1937). Sect. MACRANTHA Pax, emend.^ Acer Davidii Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, VIII. 212 (1884). ' To record an extension of range the following species of this section may be mentioned here: Acer cordatum Pax in Hooker's Icon. XIX. text to t. 1897 (1889). Fokien: April to June 1905, S. T. Dunn (Herb. Hongkong Bot. Gard. No. 2541). ^ The fact that certain forms of A. laxiflorwn Pax and A. Maximowiczii Pax are so similar that the separation of these species becomes difficult, has made it ap- parent to me, that there are no characters by which to distinguish in the case of some of the species the section Indivisa from the section Macrantha. I refer therefore all species of the Indivisa Pax to the Macrantha, except A. stachyophyllurn Hiern, which I have already, in 1905, transferred to the section Arguta, A. distylum Siebold & Zuccarini, which with its paniculate inflorescence seems to find its best place in ACERACEAE. — ACER 93 Kiangsi: Ruling, thickets, alt. 1200 m., July 29, 1907 (No. 1501). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1500-1800 m.. May and October 1907 (Nos. 341, 436, 225, in part); Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 1700 m., October 1907 (No. 649); north and south of Ichang, woods, abundant, alt. 1200-2300 m., September and October 1907 (No. 225 in part); Patung Hsien, side of streams, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May 1907 (No. 225, in part) ; Fang Hsien, woods, common, alt. 1500- 2300 m.. May 28, 29 and June 1907 (No. 225, in part); South Wushan, woods, alt. 1200-2100 m., June 1907 (No. 225, in part); Chang-yang Hsien, alt. 1800 m., May 1907 (No. 225, in part) ; Chang-lo Hsien, woods, alt. 1200-1500 m.. May 1907 (No. 225, in part). WesternSzech'uan: foot of Pan-Ian-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woods, alt. 2100 m., October 1908 (No. 1005); Mupin, woods, alt. 1200-1800 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1005^); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, side of streams, alt. 2100 m., July and October 1908 (Nos. 1008, ioo8% 1918, in part); southeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2100-2400 m., June, 1908 (No. 1917, in part); Hung-ya Hsien, alt. 900 m., September 12, 1908 (No. 1917, in part); Chin-ting-shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, woods, com- mon, alt. 2100-2700 m.. May 1908 (No. 1918, in part). Acer laxiflorum Pax in Engler, Pflanzenreich, Heft 8 (IV. 163), 36 (1905). ? Acer Pavolinii Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Boi. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 422 (1910). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, woods, alt. 1800-2300 m., July 1908 (Nos. 1007, 1309, in part); alt. 2100- 2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4099); Mupin, woods, alt. 1500-2300 m., June, October and November 1908 (Nos. 1007'', 1069, 1234); Wa- shan, thickets, alt. 1800-2100 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1154); southeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2400-2700 m., June 1908 (No. 1309, in part); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woods, alt. 2100- 2400 m., June 1908 (No. 1309 in part); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan the section Integrifolia, and A. carpinifolium Siebold & Zuccarini which remains as the only species in the section Indudsa. This section is clearly distinguished from the Macranlha by the character of the bark and particularly by the winter-buds which have several pairs of outer imbricate scales, while the Macranlha have only two val vate outer scales ; the foliage and the inflorescence of A . carpinifolium are also quite different from that of any species of the Macranlha. From the section Macranlha as understood by Pax in his monograph two species, A. parviflorum Franchet and A. erosum Pax, must be removed and transferred to the Spicata, the last named as a synonym to A. caudatum, var. muUiserraium Rehder. In the con- ception as now here proposed the section Macranlha will form a group of closely related species very uniform in the characters of inflorescence, flower and fruit. 94 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Hsien, woods, alt. 2100-2400 m., June 1908 (No. 1904); alt. 2400- 2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4142); southeast of Sungpan, woods, alt. 2400-2700 m., August and October 1910 (Nos. 4100, 4513). I have seen no specimens of Acer PavoUnii Pampanini, but the description agrees well with A. laxiflorum; it is based on specimens collected by C. Silvestri near Siang-yang, which would extend the range of A. laxiflorum into northern Hupeh. Acer laxiflorum, var. longilobum Rehder, n. var. A typo differt foliis manifeste quinque-lobatis, lobis superioribus caudato-acuminatis acumine argute serrato, interdum brevibus et brevius acuminatis, basalibus parvis acutis, venis subtus et apice petioli tomento floccoso flavido densiore obtectis, floribus purpureis. Western Szech'uan: Chiu-ting-shan, cliffs, alt. 2300 m., May 23, 1908 (No. 1927, type) ; Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, woods, alt. 2400-2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4108); Tu-ti-liang Mts., Lungan Fu, woods, alt. 2400-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4509). This variety differs markedly from the type in its five-lobed leaves, but occa- sionally, particularly near the ends of the shoots, leaves appear which are similar to those of the typical form. The variety presents also some resemblance io A. Maxi- mowiczii Pax, but that species has the middle lobe much more elongated and narrower, the lateral lobes more spreading and also narrower, and the leaves are quite glabrous when unfolding except tufts of hairs in the axils of the veins. Acer Maximowiczii Pax in Hooker's Icon. XIX, text to t. 1897 (1899). A. urophyllum Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. XI. 105 (1890). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woods, common, alt. 1200-2300 m., May and September 1907 (Nos. 355, in part, 1914, in part); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1800-2000 m.. May 1907 (Nos. 355, in part, 1914, in part); Wen-tsao INIt., Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1800-2000 m.. May 27 and June 5, 1907 (No. 355, in part); Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 2000-2500 m.. May and July 19, 1907 (Nos. 355, in part, 1914, in part); alt. 1500-2400 m., October 1910 (No. 4427); South Wushan, woods, alt. 1200-1500 m., September 1907 (No. 229). Sect. ARGUTA Rehder Acer tetramerum Pax in Hooker's Icon. XIX. text to t. 1897 (1889). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woods, abundant, alt. 1200-2100 m., May and September 1907 (No. 274, in part); Chang- lo Hsien, alt. 1500-1800 m., May 1907 (No. 274, in part); Fang Hsien, ACERACEAE. — ACER 95 woods, abundant, alt. 1800-2100 m., May and September 1907 (Mo. 274, in part); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, abundant, alt. 1500-2100 m., May 19 and October 1907 (Nos. 274, in part, 430); Kuan Pao, Chang- yang Hsien, woods, alt. 1200-1800 m., December 1907 (No. 683, in part, fruits); Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 1500-1800 m., May 1907 (No. 274, in part); South Wushan, woods, common, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May 11, 1907 (No. 274, in part). Part of No. 274 represents A. tetramerum, var. lobulatum Rehder (in Fedde Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 174 [1905]) which passes gradually into the type and is perhaps better considered only a shghtly different form. This and the type are restricted to Hupeh. The specimens of Szech'uan differ in their leaves being generally ovate to ovate-oblong in outline, not or only very slightly lobed and usually 3-nerved at the base. In regard to other characters they show marked differences, and the following three varieties can be distinguished. Acer tetramerum, var. betulifolium Rehder, n. var. Acer betulifolium Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. XI. 108 (1890). Western Szech'uan: Sungpan, woodlands, alt. 2400-2800 m., August 1910 (No. 4511); southeast of Sungpan, alt. 3000-3200 m., August 1910 (4512); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 1800- 2400 m., July and September 1908 (No. 1901); alt. 2100-2500 m., October 1910 (No. 4102). Kansu: banks of the river Lumbu, south of Mt. Chagolo, July 11, 1885, S. N. Potanin. Northern Shensi: G. Giraldi (Nos. 2118, 2119, 7137, in herb. Florence). With the recent material collected by "Wilson in northwestern Szech'uan at hand I have come to the conclusion, that A. betulifolium cannot be separated specifically from A. tetramerum. Simgpan is situated only about 80 miles south- west of the type locality and Wen-chuan Hsien about 100 miles south of Sung- pan, so that apparently the variety betulifolium is restricted to the northwestern part of the range of the whole species. It is chiefly distinguished from the type by its ovate or oblong-ovate leaves, not or only very slightly lobulate, glabrous or glabrescent and usually three-nerved at the rounded or sometimes cuneate base and by the broader wings of the fruits. Acer tetramerum, var. betulifolium f. latialatum Rehder, n. forma. Recedit a varietate praecedente praecipue racemis elongatis ad 18 cm. longis et alls latioribus leviter introrsum falcatis, ad 14 mm. latis. Western Szech'uan: southeast of Sungpan, woodlands, alt. 2400-3000 m., August 1910 (No. 4104, in part). A very striking plant in fruit with its long pendulous racemes and broad wings. Acer tetramerum, var. elobulatum Rehder, n. var. Acer ietrameram Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs I. 171, t. 85 (in part as to the Szech'uan specimens and fig. 7) (1905). 90 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA A typo recedit foliis ovatis v. ovato-oblongis, 6-8 cm. longis, mani- feste caudatis, duplicato-serratis, nee v. vix lobulatis, basi rotundatis \. interdum angustatis, plerumque trinerviis, supra fere glabris, sub- tus villosulis V. ad venas densius, facie sparsius adpresse pubescentibus. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, woods, alt. 2100 m., June 1908 (No. 1895); southeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 1800-2400 m., June 1908 (No. 1898); Chiu-ting-shan, thickets, alt. 2000 m.. May 23, 1908 (No. 1894); no locahty, alt. 2400-2700 m.. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3348); Nanto (Veitch Exped. No. 1233); no locality, A. Henry (No. 8799). This variety is distributed from Wen-chuan southward, but does not extend into western Hupeh. The typical form differs from this variety chiefly in the smal- ler triangular-ovate leaves, more or less lobed and sparingly pubescent on both sides or, while young, rarely glabrescent. The variety approaches in its more ex- treme forms A. stachyophyllum Hiem, which differs chiefly in its leaves being densely villous beneath, in its larger fruits and in the often branched racemes. Acer tetramerum, var. elobulatum, f. longeracemosum Rehder, n. forma. Recedit a varietate praecedente racemis elongatis ad 18 cm. longis, pedicellis ad 4 cm. longis, alis cum loculo 3.5-4 cm. longis, foliis pler- umque majoribus, 7-11 cm. longis, petiolis ad 8 cm. longis. Western Szech'uan: Nin-tou-shan,westof Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2400 m., June 20, 1908 (No. 1896, type); Mupin, woods, alt. 2400 m., September 1910 (No. 4104, in part). Differs strikingly in its very long and slender racemes from the typical var. elobulatum. From forma latialatum, which has racemes of about the same length, it differs in the pubescent leaves and in the narrower wings generally about 1 cm. broad. Acer tetramerum, var. tiliifolium Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit praecipue foliis late ovatis, basi cordatis, 5-nerviis, grossius inaequaliter v. duplicater serratis, nee incisis, nee lobulatis. Folia 4.5-7.5 longa et 3-5.5 lata, supra glabra, subtus molliter pubes- centia, petiolis 2-4 cm. longis, glabris. Fructus alis angulo obtuso divergentibus, rectis, cum loculo 3.5-4 cm. longis et 8-10 mm. latis. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, woods, alt. 2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4107). Closely related to the var. elobulatum, but easily distinguished by the broadly ovate leaves cordate and 5-nerved at the base; they resemble those of a small- leaved Linden. ACERACEAE. — ACER 97 Sect. LITHOCARPA Pax Acer Franchetii Pax in Hooker's Icon. XIX. text to t. 1897 (1889). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, abundant, alt. 1400-1800 m., October 1907 (No. 337, in part); Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May and October 1907 (No. 337, in part); Chang- lo Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May 1907 (No. 337, in part); Fang Hsien, woods, common, alt. 1500-1800 m.. May, July and November 1907 (Nos. 337, in part, 1888); South Wushan, woods, alt. 1200-1800 m., May 1907 (No. 337, in part) ; Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, common, alt. 1500-1800 m., May, June and November 1907 (No. 337, in part). Western Szech'uan: Chiu-ting-shan, woods, alt. 1500 m., May 1908 (No. 337, in part). Sect. TRIFOLIATA Pax Acer Henryi Pax in Hooker's Icon. XIX. text to t. 1896 (1889). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, common, alt. 1500-1800 m., May and June 1907 (No. 424, in part); Chang-yang Hsien, alt. 1200- 1800 m., May and June 1907 (No. 424, in part); Patung Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May 1907 (No. 424, in part); north and south of Ichang, woods, abundant, alt. 1000-1800 m.. May 1907 (No. 424, in part); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1700-1800 m.. May 11 and November 1907 (Nos. 424, in part, 424*). The form which has the leaflets always coarsely toothed has been distinguished as A. Henryi, var. serratum Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Hal. n. ser. XVII. 421 (1910). Acer sutchuense Franchet in Jour, de Bot. VIII. 294 (1894). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, rare, alt. 1800-2100 m., May and June 1907 (Nos. 1886, 1887) ; southeast of Sungpan, woods, alt. 2400-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 1886, in part). Acer griseum Pax in Engler, Pflanzenreich, Heft 8 (IV. 163), 30 (1902). Acer nikoense, var. griseum Franchet in Jour, de Bot. VIII. 294 (1894). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, not common, alt. 1200-1700 m.. May 14, October and November 1907 (No. 340). The bark is dark cinnamon-brown, peeling off in thin flakes like that of Betula nigra, L. 98 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Acer nikoense Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, XII. 227; in Mel. Biol VI. 370 (1867). The typical form is known only from central Japan. Acer nikoense, var. megalocarpum Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit foliis subtus densius villosis, foliolis majoribus, medio saepe 12-16 cm. longo et brevius petiolulato, fructibus majoribus, alis loculo incluso 5-5.5 cm. longis et 15-17 mm. latis, gemmis dense cinereo-pubescentibus. Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woods, rare, alt. 1200-1800 m., May 1907 (No. 638, in part); Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1500-1800 m., May and November 1907 (No. 638, in part); Ching-lo Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May 1907 (No. 638, in part); Patung Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May 1907 (No. 638 in part); no locality, May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 368). The Japanese tree is smaller in every part and less pubescent than the Chinese variety. VITACEAE. Determined by F. Gagnepain. TETRASTIGMA Planch. Tetrastigma serrulatum Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 432 (1887). Cissus serndata Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. I. 432 (1820). Vitis serrulata Wallich apud Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. I. 77 (1863). Western Szech'uan: valley of Tung-nsi, east of Tachien-lu, on rocks, alt. 900-1200 m., August 1908 (No. 2739). Tetrastigma obtectum Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 434 (1887). — Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not. Sijst. I. 323 (1911). Tetrastigma obtectum, var. pilosum Gagnepain, I. c. 324 (1911). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, on rocks, common, alt. 300- 900 m., June 8, 1907 (No. 2738). Western Szech'uan: Hung-yah Hsien, adhering to red sandstone rocks, abundant, alt. 600-900 m., September 6, 1908 (No. 878). CAYRATIA Juss. Cayratia tenuifolia Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not. Syst. I. 348 (1911). Vitis tenuifolia Wight & Arnott, Prodr. Fl. Ind. 129 (1834). Cissus tenuifolia Heyne in Wallich, Cat., ex Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 563 (1887). Kiangsi: Kuling, thickets, abundant, alt. 1200 m., July 29, 1907 (No. 1705). Cayratia oligocarpa Gagnepain, I. c. 359 (1911). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, road sides, etc., alt. 300- 900 m., August 1907 (No. 2737); Hsing-shan Hsien, chffs, etc., alt. 300-900 m., June and October 1907 (No. 342), ravines, alt. 300-900 m., June 1907 (No. 35). The determination of No. 35 is somewhat doubtful on account of the absence of fruits; it is possibly a form of C. tenuifolia Gagnepain. 99 100 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA AMPELOPSIS Planch. Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bunge, in Mem. Sav. £tr. Acad. Sci. St. Pe- tersb., 11. 86; (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor. 12) (1833). — Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 450 (1887). Vitis aconitifolia Hance in Jour. Linn. Soc. XIII. 77 (1873). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, common, alt. 600- 1200 m., June 6, 1907 (No. 2735). Ampelopsis heterophylla Siebold & Zuccarini, var. amurensis Planchon, 1. c. 456 (1887). Western Szech'uan: Was-su country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 1500 m., June and September 1908 (No. 2719). Western Hupeh: Chang-yang Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m., June and Sep- tember 1907 (No. 157), alt. 600-1000 m., May and September 1907 (No. 2718), Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m.. May and August 1907 (No. 159), alt. 900-1500 m., June 6 and 8, 1907 (Nos. 2722, 2723); Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m., June and September 1907 (No. 121), woodlands, June 1907 (No. 2721); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m., July 1907 (No. 2724). Kiangsi: Ruling, thickets, abundant, alt. 1200 m., July 28, 1907 (No. 1703). Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. Delavayana Gagnepain, n. comb. Ampelopsis Delavayana Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 458 (1887). Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, alt. 900-1000 m., October 1907 (No. 419); Ichang, thickets, alt. 300-900 m., June and November (No. 604); Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 600-900 m., June and Sep- tember (No. 124); Changyang Hsien, thickets, 600-900 m., June and September 1907 (No. 130). Foliage variable; Nos. 130 and 604 represent the form with the leaves trif olio- late, while Noa. 124 and 419 have the leaves simple like the var. amurensis and only occasionally divided into three leaflets. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. Gentiliana Gagnepain, n. comb. Vitis Gentiliana L6ve\\\6 & Vaniot m Bull. Soc. Agric. Sci. Sarthe, LX. 38 (1905). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, cliffs, alt. 600-900 m., June 1907 (No. 2734). The leaves have either three leaflets with the lateral leaflets lobed or five leaflets with coarse and remote teeth. VITACEAE. — PARTHENOCISSUS 101 Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. cinerea Gagnepain, n. var. Folia 3-5 lobata sinubus obtusis v. rotundatis, utrinque dense cinereo-pubescentia. Western Hupeh: Chang-Io Hsien, side of streams, rocks, etc., alt. 900 m., June 1907 (No. 2720); Ichang, roadsides, alt. 300-900 m., June 1907 (No. 2736). Ampelopsis megalophylla Diels & Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 466 (1900). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woods, alt. 1200- 1500 m., June and September 1907 (No. 143). PARTHENOCISSUS Planch. Parthenocissus Henryana Diels & Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 464 (1900). Vitis Henryana Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII., 132 (1886). Psedera Henryana C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 318 (1909). Western Hupeh: South Wushan, cliffs, alt. 600-900 m., August and December 1907 (No. 440). Ichang, glens, June 6 and October 1907 (No. 454). Parthenocissus Thomsonii Planchon in De CandoUe, Monogr. Phaner. V. 453 (1887). Vitis Thomsonii Lawson in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. I. 657 (1875). Parthenocissus Henryana, var. glaucescens Diels & Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 464 (1900). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, cliffs, alt. 600-1200 m., June and September 1907 (No. 235); Chang-yang Hsien, alt. 900- 1500 m., November 1907 (No. 752). Parthenocissus himalayana Planchon in De CandoUe, Monogr, Phaner. V. 450 (1887). Ampelopsis himalayana Royle, III. Bot. Himal. I. 149 (1839). Vitis himalayana Lawson in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. hid. I. 055 (1875). Psedera himalayana C. K. Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 313 (1909) The typical form has been reported from western China, but is not represented in the Wilson collection. Parthenocissus himalayana, var. rubrifolia Gagnepain, n. comb. Vitis rubrifolia L6veill6 & Vaniot in Bull. Soc. Agric. Sci. Sarthe, LX. 44 (1905) 1 Parthenocissus sinensis Diels & Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 463 (1900). 102 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, clinging to rocks, alt. 1200-1500 m., October 1907 (No. nog); South Wushan, adhering to rocks, alt. 900 m., September 1907 (No. 205). Parthenocissus Landuk Gagnepain, n. comb. Ampelopsis heterophylla Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 194 (not Siebold & Zuccarini) (1825). Cissus Landuk Hasskarl in Flora, XXV. Beibl. II. 39 (1842). Vitis Landuk Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. I. 90 (1863). Landukia Landuk Planchon in De CandoUe, Monogr. Phaner. V. 446 (1887). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, cliffs, common, alt. 300-900 m., June 1907 (No. 2731). Kiangsi: Kuling, adnate to rocks, common, alt. 1200 m., July 31, 1907 (No. 1696 his). Western Szech'uan: Ta-p'ao-shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, climbing over rocks, alt. 2100-2400 m., July 1908 (No. 2730). The determination of No. 2730 is only provisional. There is but little differ- ence between this species which has the leaves on the flowering branchlets always 3-foliolate and the following with the leaves on the flowering branchlets 3-lobed. Without fruits I had to distinguish these two species by this character alone. Parthenocissus tricuspidata Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 452 (1887). Ampelopsis tricuspidata Siebold & Zuccarini in Abhand. Akad. Munch. IV. pt. II. 196 (1845). Vitis inconstans Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. I. )1 (1863). Quinaria tricuspidata Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 398 (1893). Psedera tricuspidata Rehder in Rhodora, X. 29 (1908). Kiangsi: Kuhng, common, adhering to rocks, alt. 1200 m., July 1907 (No. 1696); Kuhng, near temple, rare, climbing on rocks and trees, alt. 1200 m., July 1907 (No. 1706). Western Hupeh: south of Ichang, ravines, alt. 900-1200 m., October 1907 (No. 464). VITIS L., Planch, emend. Vitis flexuosa Thunberg in Trans. Linn. Soc. XI. 103 (1793). — ■ Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 347 (1887). Vitis truncata Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 195 (1825). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 600-1200 m., June and August 1907 (No. 170), alt. 900-2100 m., July 1907 (No. 2714); north and south of Ichang, common, cliffs, alt. 600-1200 m., June 1907 (No. 2725). VITACEAE. — VITIS 103 Vitis flexuosa, var. parvifolia Gagnepain, n. var. Vitis parvifolia Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. I. 662 (1832). Vitis flexuosa, var. Wilsonii Veitch, Novelties for 190S-9, 26 (without suflacient description) (1908). Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, rocky places, alt. 600-900 m., May 1907 (No. 2727); Chang-lo Hsien, rocky places, alt. 600-1200 m., May 1907 (No. 2726). Vitis pentagona Diels & Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 460 (1900). Kiangsi: Ruling, thickets, common, alt. 300-600 m., August 1, 1907 (No. 1699). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, common, alt. 300-1200 m.. May and September 1907 (No. 134); Chang-lo Hsien, over rocks, alt. 600-900 m., July 1907 (No. 77). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, alt. 1200-1800 m., December 1908 (No. I046«). No. 77 represents a small dwarfed form, resembUng V. flexuosa, var. parvifolia, but the lower surface of the leaves is tomentose. Vitis reticulata Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not. Syst. No. 12 (1911). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 900-1800 m., June and September 1907 (No. 250); cUffs, alt. 900-1500 m., June and October 1907 (No. 378). Vitis Piasezkii Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. XXVII. 461 (1882) ; in Mel. Biol. XI. 207. Vitis Pagnuccii Romanet du Caillaud in Congr. Geog. Toulouse, 1884; in Jour, de la Vigne 1887, p. 283. — Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 364 (1887). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 600-1500 m., May and September 1907 (Nos. 215, 126'*, 248, 2717). No. 2717 is remarkable for its polymorphic foliage showing on the same branch the trifoliolate leaves of V. Piasezkii and the undivided leaves of V. betidifolia.. Vitis betulifolia Diels & Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 461 (1900). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m., July and September 1908 (No. 1046); near Ta-chien-lu, alt. 1200-1800 m., October 1908 (No. 1307); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., June 1908 (No. 2713). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1800 m., September 1907 (No. 283); Chang-lo Hsien, alt. 900-1500 m., September 1907 (No. 150); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-2100 m., June and September 1907 (Nos. 242, 246, 2715, 2716); Patung Hsien, alt. 900-1500 m., September 1907 (No. 126); Fang Hsien ■M. 1600 m., September 1907 (No. 286). 104 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA The specimens agree well with the description given by Diels and Gilg, but I have not seen the type of the species. It seems to be only a form of V. Piasezkii Maximowicz with undivided or simply lobulate leaves. Vitis armata Diels & Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 462 (1900). ^ Spinovitis Davidii Romanet du Caillaud in Compt. Rend. Acad. Paris, XCII. 1096 (nom. nudum) (1881) — Carriere in Rev. Hart. 1881, 239; 1885, 55, 10; 1891, 102, 24-26. — Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 365 (quasi synon.) (1887). Vitis Davidii Foex, Cour. Vit. 44 (1886). — Mouillefert, Trai(4 Arh Arbriss. II. 803 (1895). — Viala, Ampelogr. I. 437, t. 35 (1910). Kiangsi: Ruling, thickets, abundant, alt. 1200 m., June 1907 (No. 1695*); cultivated in plain, Kinkiang, alt. 100 m., June 1907 (No. 1695). Vitis armata, var. cyanocarpa Gagnepain, n. var. A typo recedit aculeis rarioribus, interdum fere nullis in ramis hornotinis. An planta hybrida inter V. armatam et V. hetulifoliam? Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 600- 1500 m., June and October 1907 (No. 409); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500 m., September 1907 (No. 291), alt. 900-1500 m., July 1907 (No. 2732); Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1200-1500 m., June and September 1907 (No. 603). What is possibly the same form has been distributed by Veitch under the name Vitis armata, var. Veitchii, mentioned without sufficient description in his Novelties for 1908-9, 26 f. Vitis Thunbergii Siebold & Zuccarini in Abhand. Akad. Miinch. IV. pt. ii. 198; {Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 90) (1845). — Planchon in De Candolle, Monogr. Phaner. V. 333 (1887). Vitis bryoniaefolia Hance in Jour. Bot. XX., 3 (not Bunge) (1882) Vitis ficifolia Bunge in M^. Sav. &tr. Acad. Sci. St. P6tersb. II. 86 {Enum, PI. Chin. Bot. 12) (1833). ^ Les descriptions de Romanet du Caillaud et Carridre concemant le Spinovitis Davidii ou Vitis Davidii sont tres insuffisantes au point de vue des caracteres. De plus ces auteurs ont h6sit6 entre deux genres Spinovitis et Vitis, ce dernier cit6 in- decidemment. Au contraire Diels et Gilg ont donne une description qui n'admet aucune equivoque. C'est la raison pour laquelle j'ai pref^r4 aux autres plus an- ciennes, la combinaison plus recente Vitis armata Diels & Gilg. F. Gagnepain. The descriptions of this plant by Foex and by Mouillefert leave no possible doubt of its identity and we cannot therefore accept the name proposed by Diels & Gilg and now by Monsieur Gagnepain. The name therefore of his variety becomes Vitis Davidii, var. cyanocarpa, n. comb. C. S. S. VITACEAE. — VITIS 105 Vitis Thunbergii, var. cinerea Gagnepain, n. var. A typo recedit statura minore, foliis parvis subtus cinereo-puberulis. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, common, climbing or pros- trate over rocks, alt. 600-1200 m., June 1907 (No. 2728). Allied to the following variety. Vitis Thunbergii, var. adstricta, Gagnepain, n. var. Vitis adsincia Hance in Jour. Bot. XX. 258 (1882). Western Hupeh: Ichang, glens, etc., climbing or prostrate over rocks, alt. 300-600 m., May 1907 (No. 2729). Vitis Romanetii Romanet du Caillaud in Compt. Rend. Acad. Paris, XCII. 1096 (nom. nudum) (1881). — Planchon in De CandoUe, Mowo^r. Phaner. V. 365 (1887). Vitis rutilans Carriere in Rev. Hort. 1890, 444, t. Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 900- 1200 m., May 1907 (No. 2733). CAPRIFOLIACEAE. Determined by Alfred Rehder. SAMBUCUS L. Sambucus javanica Reinwardt ex Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 657 (1825). — Schwerin in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 50 (1909). Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m., August 1907 (No. 2520). Sambucus Sieboldiana Blume apud Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 584 (1901). — Schwerin in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 50 (1909). Sambucus racemosa, var. Sieboldiana Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. II. 265 (1866). Sambucus Sieboldiana Blume ex Miquel, I. c. (quasi synon. praeced.) Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 300- 900 m. (No. 2528); Fang Hsien, abundant, alt. 1500-2400 m., June 16, 1910 (No. 4490). Szech'uan: Sungpan, alt. 2100-2400 m., August 1910 (Nos. 4020, 4043)- South Wushan, A. Henry (Nos. 5532, 5533). Sambucus Williamsii Hance, quoted as a synonym of this species by Count von Schwerin, belongs to S. racemosa, as Hance's original specimens show; otherwise Hance's name would have precedence, because the mentioning by Miquel of the name S. Sieboldiana Blume as a synonym does not constitute publication. VIBURNUM L. Sect. THYRSOSMA Rehd. Viburnum Hemyi Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 353 (1888). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 35, t. 116 (1907). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, upland thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., June and September 1907 (No. 270); Hsing-shan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1800 m., July 1907 (No. 1829). Western Szech'uan: northeast of Sungpan, thickets, alt. 2400-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4499). Viburnum Henryi X erubescens. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, uplands, rare, alt. 2400 m., May 106 CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — VIBURNXJM 107 27 and August 1907 (No. 1815); Fang Hsien, uplands, June 1907 (No. 1814, as to the flowers). Wilson's Nos. 1814 and 1815 appear to be intermediate between V. Henryi and V. erubesccns, and this together with the fact that these two species grow in the same locality where the specimens in question were collected seems to point toward a hybrid origin of these plants. The corolla is infundibuliform, but short, the tube being but little longer than the limb, while in V. Henryi it is shorter, and in V. erubesccns about twice as long as the limb. The inflorescence is more like that of the tyi)ical V. erubesccns. The leaves are membranaceous like those of V. eru- besccns, but are remotely serrulate or denticulate as in V. Henryi, which differs in its sul)coriaceous generally narrower leaves, while the first named species is distinguished by its crenately serrate generally broader leaves. Viburnum erubesccns Wallich, Plant. As. Rar. II. 29, t. 134 (1830). The Chinese specimens of V. erubesccns differ in several respects from the Nepal forms as described by Wallich, and may be here treated as varieties as follows: Viburnum erubescens, var. Prattii, n. var. Viburnum Prattii Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 584 (1901). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, upland, alt. 2700 m., July and September 1908 (No. 1827); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2100 m., June and September 1908 (No. 805); Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2250 m., June 20, 1908 (No. 1824); Wa-shan, thickets, rare, alt. 2400 m., July 1908 (No. 1825); Mupin, thickets, common, alt. 2100-2500 m., June 1908 (No. 1826); northeast of Sungpan, woodlands, alt. 2100-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4031). This variety differs from the type chiefly in its broader and larger, broadly obovate or elliptic or rarely oblong-obovate leaves pubescent beneath, with the pubescence persistent at least on the veins, and in its violet-purple anthers which are yellow in the type. I have not seen the type specimen of Graebner's V. Prattii from Tachien-lu, but his description agrees perfectly with Wilson's No. 1827 from the same locality, and with the other specimen quoted here, as well as with Giraldi's specimens cited by Graebner which I have seen. Viburnum erubescens, var. gracilipes Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit praecipue foliis latioribus plerumque ovalibus basi rotundatis, inflorescentiis glabris laxioribus, elongatis, 7-12 cm. longis, floribus partim graciliter pedicellatis, tubo corollae sensim ampliato, calyce cupuliformi, fructibus angustioribus. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, common, alt. 1700-2400 m., June and September 1907 (No. 305, type); Fang Hsien, uplands, Septem])er 1907 (No. 1814, in part, fruit); Hsing-shan Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 1800-2700 m., June and October 1907 (No. 1828); no lo- 108 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA cality (Veitch Exped. No. 1382); no locality, A. Henry (No. 6543). Eastern Szech'uan: South Wushan, A. Henry (No. 5691). From the Szech'uan form this variety differs chiefly in its glabrescent leaves, the slender and loose inflorescence with part of the flowers on slender pedicels, the saucer-shaped calyx with very broad, often obsolete, teeth, the yellow anthers and the narrower fruits. Some specimens, however, as Nos. 1814 and 1824, ap- proach in their narrower and more pubescent leaves the Szech'uan form, but they have yellow anthers, while some Szech'uan plants have a saucer-shaped calyx like var. gracili-pes} Viburnum brachybotryum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 349 (1888). Western Hupeh: ravines around Ichang, alt. 30-300 m., March 20 and July 1907 (No. 1840). Wilson's flowering specimen bears on its label the note "flowers white function- ally dioecious " and consists of two branches apparently from different plants and showing two kinds of flowers. One of the branches bears a terminal many-flowered panicle with the peduncle 6.5 cm. long; the corolla does not seem to be fully de- veloped, the lobes are upright and sHghtly incurved, not spreading, the rudimentary stamens are about 1 mm. long with deformed dark colored and empty anthers, and the short thick style bears a large capitate three-lobed stigma. The other branch bears two small panicles, 1.5 and 2.5 cm. long, in the axils of the leaves of the pre- ceding year; the corolla is rotate, about 6 mm. in diameter, with spreading lobes; the stamens are 4 mm. long and exceed somewhat the corolla-lobes, with yellow oval pollen-bearing anthers; the style is reduced to its conical base with three minute blunt points at the apex; the ovary is smaller and apparently sterile. As I have seen no other flowering specimen of the species I do not know whether dioecious flowers are the rule or whether this is only an abnormal case. No other species in the genus Viburnum is known to have diclinous or incompletely diclinous flowers. Viburnum oliganthum Batahn in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIII. 372 (1894). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1031); Mupin, thickets, alt. 1200-2250 m., May and August 1908 (No. 805^. * In connection with these varieties another very distinct variety of V. eru- bescens from Upper Burma may be described here: Viburnum enibescens, var. bunnanicum Rehder, n. var. Folia chartacea, glabra, oblonga, basi rotundata, apice subito in acumen longum falcatum producta, remote denticulata, 10-12 cm. longa et 4.5-5.5 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, subtus pallidiora, utrinsecus 6-costata costis curvatis anasto- mosantibus trabicuUs parallelis conspicuis conjunctis. Panicula glabra, longe pedunculata, late pyramidalis, 6-8 cm. diam. et 4-6 cm. longa; corolla infun- dibuhformis limbo patulo, antheris flavis semiexsertis. Upper Burma: Kachin Hills, 1898. Shaik Mokim (Ex. Herb. Hort. Calcutt. in Herb. Arnold Arboretum). This very distinct form is easily recognized by its chartaceous perfectly oblong and quite glabrous remotely denticulate leaves and by the very broad and short inflorescence. CAPKIFOLIACEAE. — VIBURNUM 109 The panicles in Wilson's specimens have usually from 10 to 20 flowers, while Batalin describes them as 7-flowered, but there seems to be no other difference between the Kansu and Szech'uan specimens. Sect. PSEUDOTINUS Clarke Viburnum cordifolium Wallich ex De Candolle, Prodr. IV. 327 (1830). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, XL 81, t. 138 (1908). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, forests and thickets, common; Mupin, forests, and Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woods, alt. 2250-2700 m., June and September 1908 (No. 918); Wen-chuan Hsien, forests, alt. 2400-2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4121); Tachien- lu, woodlands, alt. 2100-2500 m., October 1910 (No. 4121). Viburnum sympodiale Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 587 (1901). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 83, t. 139 (1908). Kiangsi:Kuling,thickets, rare, alt. 1300 m.,July31, 1907 (No. 1708); Western Hupeh: Chang-yang Hsien, woods north and south of Ichang, alt. 1800 m.. May and August 1907 (No. 294); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1800 m., August 1907 (No. 294"). Sect. LANTANA De Candolle Viburnum Veitchii C. H. Wright in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XXXIII. 257 (1903). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2400 m.. May 28, 1907 (No. 1288^); alt. 2100-2700 m., October 6, 1910 (No. 4498). Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2100-2700 m., June 1908 (Nos. 1288, in part, 4030); around Ta- chien-lu, thickets, alt. 2700 m., October 1908 (No. 1288, in part); around Tachien-lu, upland thickets, alt. 2700-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4091); Sungpan, thickets, alt. 1800-2400 m., August 1910 (No. 4030). The specimens from Fang Hsien and from Pan-lan-shan differ from the type in the thinner yellowish pubescence of the under side of the leaves. Viburnum buddleifolium C . H Wright in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XXXIII. 257 (1903). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, not common, alt. 900 m., May and July 1907 (No. 1838). Viburnum shensianum Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Peters- bourg, XXVI. 480 (1880). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 85, t. 140 (1908). 110 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, side of streams, rare, alt. 900 m., May 25, 1907 (No. 1839). Viburnum macrocephalum Fortune in Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. II. 244 (sensu Maximo wicz in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc, liv. 24 [1879]) (1847). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, not common, alt. 1350 m., May 1907 (No. 1834); Chang-yang Hsien, alt. 1200-1500 m.. May 1907 (No. 1835). Viburnum hypoleucum Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. Ill (1908); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. IX. 179 (1911). Western Szech'uan: Yangtze banks. Wan Hsien, thickets, com- mon, alt. 100-300 m., April 1908 (No. 1836). Viburatun utile Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 356 (1888). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 89, t. 142 (1908). Western Hupeh: rocky places around Ichang, alt. 100-900 m., April 1907 and June 1908 (No. 1837). Viburnum Rosthomii Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 586 (1901). Northwestern Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, rare, alt. 2100 m., July 1908 (No. 220"^); An Hsien, thickets, alt. 600 m., August 1910 (No. 4500). Eastern Szech'uan: Taning Hsien, thickets, alt. 600-900 m., June 1910 (No. 4497). The specimens from eastern Szech'uan differ from those of western Szech'uan in the fulvous tomentum of the young branchlets and of the under side of the veins of the young leaves. Viburnum rhytidophyllum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 355 (1888). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 39, t. 118 (1907). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woods, alt. 1350- 2250 m., May and September 1907 (No. 220, 220^). Sect. MEGALOTINUS Maximowicz » Vibiunum cylindricum Hamilton ex Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 142 (1825). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 91, t. 143 (1908). Viburnum coriaceum Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 656 (1825). 1 In my Conspectus of the Viburnums of eastern Asia (in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 108) I placed V. tomentosum and V. Hanceanum in the section Pseudotinus, but after a new study of the genus I have come to the conclusion that these two species are closer to the species of the section Megalotinus and particularly to V. Colebrookianurn; this leaves Pseudotinus a very uniform and well defined group. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — VIBURNUM 111 Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, alt. 300-1200 m., June and December 1907 (No. 697). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., June and November 1908 (No. 697). Viburnum tomentosum Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 123 (1784). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, open woods, alt. 1200-1800 m., June and September 1907 (No. 135); north and south of Ichang, woods, common, alt. 1500-2100 m., June and September 1907 (Nos. 234, 234''); Patung Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500 m., June and Septem- ber 1907 (No. 117). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen- chuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1800 m., May 29, 1908 (No. 1832). No. 117 approaches V, tomentosum, var. lanceatum Rehderfrom Japan, but the leaves, although narrow and rather small, are abruptly acuminate as in the type, not gradually narrowed at the apex; they also have the close set veins of the type. Sect. TINUS Maximowicz Viburnum Davidii Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, VIII. 251 {PL David. II. 69) (1885). Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, alt. 1800-2400 m., June and October 1908 (No. 963, in part); Wa-shan, woodlands, alt. 1800-2100 m., October 1908 (No. 963); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 1800- 2400 m., June 1908 and September 1910 (No. 963, in part). Viburnum cinnamomlfolium Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 31, t. 114 (1907); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. IX. 183 (1911). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1200-1500 m., October 1908 (No. 1108); Ya-chou Fu, thickets, alt. 1000 m., September 1910 (No. 4228). Viburnum propinquum Hemsley in Jour, Linn. Soc. XXIII. 355 (1888). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 33, t. 115 (1907). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, cliffs, alt. 900-1200 m.. May, June and October 1907 (No. 498); Patung Hsien, among rocks, alt. 900 m., June 1907 (No. 1830) ; Hsing-shan Hsien, cliffs, alt. 1000 m., May 25 and August 1907 (No. 1831). Sect. ODONTOTINUS Rehd. Viburnum foetidum Wallich, PI. As. Rar. I. 49, t. 61 (1830). Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt, 1800 m., October 1908 (No. 1360). 112 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Viburnum foetidum, var. rectangulum (Graebner) Rehder in Sar- gent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 114 (1908). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1131). Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200 m., July 1907 (No. 1833). Wilson's specimens differ from the type of this variety in the broader generally elliptic leaves, but agree with it in the peculiar mode of growth, the thin texture and the nearly glabrous veins of the leaves. Viburnum theiferum Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 43, t. 120 (1907); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. IX. 183 (1911). Kiangsi: Ruling, thickets, abundant, alt. 1200 m., July 31, 1907 (No. 171 1). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, abundant, alt. 1200-2100 m.. May and September 1907 (No. 218); Chang-lo-Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., September 1907 (No. 236). Viburnum corylifolium Hooker f. & Thomson in Jour. Linn. Soc. II. 174 (1858). Western Hupeh: Chang-yang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500 m.. May 1907 (No. 447, as to the flowers). Wilson's No. 447 agrees well with Henry's No. 11362 from Yunnan which I have referred to this species. V. corylifolium is closely related to V. dilatatum Thunberg and may perhaps be considered a variety of it; it is chiefly distinguished by the long hispid pubescence of the petioles, inflorescence and young branchlets. It seems doubtful whether V. dilatatum occurs in western China, and the only Chinese specimen I have seen is from the province of Chekiang, collected near Ningpo by D. Macgregor (Herb. Arnold Arboretum); Wilson's No. 944 which I referred formerly (Sargent Trees and Shrubs, II. 114) to that species probably be- longs to V. brevipes Rehder. Viburnum hirtulum Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 115 (1908); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. IX. 184 (1911). Kiangsi: Kuling, thickets, 900-1200 m., July 28 and August 1, 1907 (Nos. 1709, 1712, immature fruit). I refer Wilson's Nos. 1709 and 1712 with some hesitation to this species, the leaves are less pubescent, nearly glabrous above and less coriaceous than in the type, but the material is too incomplete to place the specimens definitively. Viburnum Wilsonii Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 115 (1908); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. IX. 184 (1911). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., June and October 1908 (Nos. 1025*, 1120); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2500 m., June 1908 and October 1910 (Nos. 1813, 4196). CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — VIBURNUM 113 These specimens differ somewhat from the type in the leaves being sparingly furnished with fasciculate hairs on the whole under surface and sometimes gla- brous above, in the generally oblong-ovate shape of the leaves and in the stamens being sUghtly longer than the corolla lobes. The fruit is bright red, ovoid, about 8 mm. high and furnished with scattered stellate hairs; the stone is broadly ovate, much compressed, pointed, one-ribbed on the dorsal and two-ribbed on the ventral side, about 6 mm. high and 5 mm. broad. V. hupehense Rehder, which much resem- bles this species in the velutinous tomentum of the inflorescence, ditfers chiefly in the stipulate petioles and the denser fasciculate pubescence, while the leaves of V. Wilsonii have mostly fasciculate hairs on the upper surface while young, becoming glabrous at maturity and are but slightly pubescent beneath. Viburnum brevipes Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus, 2-3 m. altus ramulis junioribus dense stellato- pilosis et hispidis tertio anno glabreseentibus, griseo-brunneis. Gem- mae perulis 4 exterioribus fulvo-flavescentibus sparse adpresse setu- losis. Folia breviter petiolata, membranacea oblongo-obovata, rarius obovata, subito acuminata, basi late cuneata, subito in petiolum contracta, dentata ima basi excepta, 5-7 cm. longa et 2-3.5 cm. lata, supra pilis fasciculatis tuberculis minutis insidentibus conspersa, subtus fasciculato-pilosa praesertim ad venas et glandulis numerosis interspersa, utrinsecus venis 6-8 in dentes exeuntibus; petioli esti- pulati, 2-3 mm. longi, dense hispidi. Corymbus 5-7 cm. diam., radiis plerumque 5, fasciculato-pilosus; flores ignoti. Drupae plerumque in radiis tertii ordinis, ovoideae, rubrae; putamen ovoideum, acutum, valde compressum, circa 6 mm. altum et 4.5 mm. latum, dorso leviter bi-, ventre trisulcatum, testa minute punctulata, pallide purpureo- brunnea. Western Hupeh: Chang-yang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1300-1800, October 1907 (No. 447, as to the fruiting specimens, type), Novem- ber 1907 (No. 676). Viburnum brevipes bears in the shape of the leaves and in the very short petioles a great resemblance to V. erosum Thunberg, which, however, is easily distinguished by the stipulate petioles, by the different, not hispid, and often very slight pu- bescence of the inflorescence, petioles and branchlets, the absence of the glands on the under side of the leaves and by the smaller and less compressed stone. Its near- est relationship seems to be with V. dilatatum Thunberg, but that species is readily distinguished by its much longer petioles and broader leaves and by the generally forked hairs of the under side of the leaves. I am inclined to refer one of Wilson's Hupeh specimens collected in 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 944), which is in flower, provisorily to this species on account of the short petioles, but the leaves have the shape of those of V. dilatatum. Viburnum brevipes is in cultivation and may be expected to flower soon. Viburnum ovatifolium Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 115 (1908); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. 184 (1911). 114 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Western Hupeh: South Wushan, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., September 1907 (Nos. 224, 230); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1800 m., June, August and September 1907 (Nos. 240, 394, 1817, 1822); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2100 m., June 1907 (No. 1819). The Hupeh specimeng differ from the type chiefly in the longer stamens, exceed- ing slightly the corolla-lobes, and in the occasionally broader leaves. The fruits, not yet described, are ovoid and bright red; stone ovoid, pointed, 3-6 mm. high and 4.5 mm. broad, with one dorsal and two ventral ribs; testa light purplish brown. Viburnum betulifolium Batalin in Act Hort. Petrop. XIII. 371 (1894). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 99, t. 147 (1908). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-2000 m., June, July and November 1907 (Nos. 590, 1816); north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., July and November 1907 (Nos. 238^, 249); Patung Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500 m., July and October 1907 (No. 400); Chang-yang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1350 m., December 1907 (No. 669). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 2100 m., July and September 1908 (No. 1043) ; Tachien-lu, thickets and open woodlands, 2100-2400 m., June, July and October 1908 and October 1910 (Nos. 1262, 1263, 1263% 1809, 4128). Wilson's No. 1043 differs rather strikingly from the type in its very small leaves with few veins and with few coarse or occasionally lanceolate and entire teeth, more pubescent corymb, smaller flowers with the stamens scarcely exceeding the corolla- lobes and in the smaller fruits. Viburnum lobophyllum Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX, 589 (1901).— Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 101, t. 148 (1908). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800 m., July and September 1907 (Nos. 238, 393); north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., June and October 1907 (No. 411). West- ern Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2700, October 1908 (No. 1025); October 1910 (Nos. 4147, 4^94); Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2400-2700 m., June 1908 (No. 1807). No. 393 seems nearest to the type. No. 238 differs in its smaller leaves, smaller flowers and smaller fruits with the stones scarcely 5 mm. high and ovoid. The seeds distributed under the same number are different and agree exactly with those of the type. Viburnum lobophyllum, var. flocculosum Rehder, n. var. Folia elliptico-ovata v. oblongo-ovata, acuminata acumine falcato, basi late cuneata, sinuato-dentata, supra glabra, subtus pilis fascicu- latis albidis conspersa, costis media et secundariis fere glabris exceptis, CAPRIFOLIACE AE . — VIBURNUM 115 5-12 cm. longa et 3-6 cm. lata; petioli glabri, stipulis minutis plcrum- que caducis instruct! v. interdmn estipulati. Corymbus laxe pubes- cens, ovariis glandulosis, calyce et corolla extus glabris. Drupae im- maturae putamine ellipsoideo complanato, utrinque acuto. Ceterum ut in typo. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 2100 m., July 1908 (No. i8ii, type); Ta-p'ao-shan, north-east of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2100-2700 m., July 3, 1908 (No. 1812); thickets around Tachien-lu, alt. 1500-1800 m., June 1908 (No. 1808); upland thickets, alt. 2400-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4125); Pan- lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2400 m., October 1910 (Nos. 4310, 4315). Differs from typical V. lobophyllum chiefly in the sUght floccose pubescence of the under side of the leaves which are usually cuneate at the base. In the shape of the leaves it bears some resemblance to V. Wilsonii Rehder, but is distinguished by its quite glabrous branchlets and petioles, the only sHghtly pubescent inflorescence, the glabrous winter-buds and the only slightly pubescent under side of the leaves. No. 1812 agrees in the shape and size of the leaflets exactly with No. 1811, the type of this variety, while No. 1808 has smaller leaves only from 5-7 mm. long. Viburnum dasyanthum Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 103 t. 149 (1908); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. IX. 185 (1911). Western Hupeh: Chang-yang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1500 m., October 1907 (No. 463, 467); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 2100 m., July 1907 (No. 1818); Patung Hsien, thickets, common, alt. 1200- 1800 m., June and September 1907 (Nos. 1820, 1821). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1800-2250 m., June 1908 (No. 1805); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2250 m., July 1908 (No. 1810). Viburnum hupehense Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 116 (1908); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. IX. 185 (1911). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., August and October 1907 (Nos. 237, 1823); Fang Hsien, thickets, common, alt. 1500-1800 m., June and November 1907 (No. 601). Viburnum ichangense (Hemsley) Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 105, t. 150 (1908); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. IX. 186 (1911). Kiangsi: Ruling, abundant, alt. 1200 m., July 30, 1907 (No. 1710). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woods, alt. 1500-2100 m., May and September 1907 (Nos. 228, 239); Hsing-shan Hsien, woodland thickets, alt. 1250-1800 m., June, September and October 1907 (Nos. 329, 392, 1804); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800 m., Octo- t^^^ j-i,.^ — ,i^kA.vv.rc,,^t //jj-^--;*^ ) 116 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA ber 1907 (No. 392"); Wushan Hsien, thin oak woods, alt. 1800 m., September 1907 (No. 221). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2100 m., July 1908 (No. 1806) ; Octo- ber 1910 (No. 4150). Chekiang: Ningpo, D. Macgregor (Herb. Arnold Arboretum). ^ Sect. OPULUS De Candolle Viburnum Sargentii Koehne in Gartenfl. XLVIII. 341 (1899).— Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 83, t. 42 (1908). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2400 m., July and October 1907 (No. 281, in part); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, June 1907 (No. 281, in part). The specimen from Hsing-shan Hsien (in bud) represents the typical form, while those from Fang Hsien (flower and fruits) represent the var. calvescens Rehder. Viburnum kansuense Batalin in Act Hort. Petrop. XIII. 372 (1894). Western Szech'uan: around Tachien-lu, thickets, rare, alt. 1500-2250 m., June and October 1908 (No. 859, in part); Sungpan, thickets, alt. 2400-2800 m., September 1910 (No. 859, in part). The mature fruits, which have not yet been described, present a peculiar varia- tion; they are bright red and on part of the specimens subglobose and 1 cm. long, on the other specimens oblong and 1.5 cm. long; the stone is much flattened, marked with five longitudinal Hues and with scarcely noticeable ribs, ovoid and 8 mm. long and 5 mm. broad, or oblong and 12 mm. long and 6 mm. broad in the large-fruited specimens. TRIOSTEUM L.2 Triosteum Fargesii Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. 319 (1896). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1800-2300 m.. May 29 and August 1907 (No. 199); Fang Hsien, uplands, alt. 2100-2700 m., June and October 1910 (Nos. 4489, 4456). The fruits are white according to Wilson. 1 An interesting addition to the Viburnums of China proper is the following species hitherto only known from Formosa. Viburnum luzonicum Rolfe, var. formosanum (Hance) Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 97 (1908). Fokien: without locality, S. T. Dunn, 1905 (Herb. Hongkong Bot. Gard., No. 2763 in Herb. Arnold Arboretum). The specimen from Fokien differs slightly from the Formosa plant in the stamens being as long as the corolla lobes. ^ Though Triosteum contains no woody species, it may find a place here to make the enumeration of the Chinese CaprifoUaceae collected by Wilson complete. CAPRIFOLIACEAE . — SYMPHORICARPOS 1 1 7 Triosteum himalayanum Wallich, var. chinense Diels & Graebner in Bot. Jahrh. XXIX. 590 (1901). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, uplands, alt. 2400-2700 m., August 1908 (No. 876); Tachien-lu, uplands, alt. 3000-3600 m., September 1910 (No. 4161). Wilson gives the color of the fruits of No. 876 as red and of No. 4161 as white, but I cannot detect the slightest difference in the dried specimens. Triosteum Rosthomii Diels & Graebner in Bot. Jahrh. XXIX. 591, f. 5, c-e (1901). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, uplands, alt. 2400-2700 rh., Octo- ber 1908 (No. 2339). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen- chuan Hsien, uplands, alt. 2400-2800 m., July 1908 (No. 2340). SYMPHORICARPOS Juss. Sjrmphoricarpos sinensis Rehder, n. sp. Fmtex erectus 1-1.75 m. altus, glaberrimus, ramulis gracilibus, hornotinis initio viridibus v. purpurascentibus, demum rubrobrun-- neis, annotinis peridermate lamellis tenuibus decorticante et corti- cem fibrosum detegente. Gemmae parvae, brunneae, perulis pluribus exterioribus acutis. Folia ovalia v. rhombico-ovata, acuta v. obtu- siuscula, basi late cuneata et sensim in petiolum gracilem attenuata integerrima, 1.5-2.5 cm. longa et 1.2-1.8 cm. lata, supra laete viri- dia, subtus glaucescentia, utrinsecus 4-6-costata; petioli teretes, 1-2 mm. longi. Flores sessiles, solitarii in axillis bractearum subulatarum ovariis breviorum, bracteis inferioribus interdum foliaceis et longiori- bus, spicas terminales 6-12-floras pedunculo 0.5-2 cm. longo insidentes formantes; ovaria lageniformia, basi bracteolis ovatis quartam partem ovarii aequantibus suffulta, quadri-locularia loculis duobus sterilibus; calycis dentes ovato-lanceolati, acuti, circa 1 mm. longi; corolla late campanulata, alba, 7 mm. longa, intus extusque glabra, lobis ovatis tubura leviter ventricosum subaequantibus; stamina filamentis paullo infra faucem affixa, corollam subaequantia, antheris oblongis albidis; stylus glaber, stamina aequans, stigmate capitato. Bacca ovoidea, 7 mm. longa, atrocoerulea, pruinosa, apice in rostrum brevem quin- quedentatum subito contracta, disperma, pulpo viridi, seminibus ovoideis, 5 mm. longis, dense pilosis, albidis. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, Ta-pa-shan, thickets, rare, alt. 2300 m., July 1907 (No. 718). — In cultivation at the Arnold Arboretum. 118 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA The discovery of a Chinese Symphoricarpos is highly interesting, as it adds one more genus to the number of those formerly considered peculiar to the flora of North America, but in recent years found also in western and central China, as Nyssa, Sassafras, Linodendron, Decumaria and others. In the shape of the corolla S. sinensis resembles most S. orbiculatus Michaux, but the color of the fruit and the terminal peduncled inflorescence distinguishes it from all American species. DIPELTA Maxim. Dipelta floribunda Maximo wicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, XXIV. 51 (1877); in Mel. Biol. X. 78. — Spooner in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLII. 2, fig. 1 (1907). — Hemsleyin Bot. Mag. CXXXVI. t. 8310 (1910). Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1200-1500 m., August 1907 (No. 2952); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, common, alt. 1200-1500 m., May 7, 25, and July 1907 (Nos. 2953, 2954, 2955); Fang Hsien, sunny places, alt. 1200-1800 m., October 1910 (No. 4424). Dipelta ventricosa Hemsley in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLIV. 101, fig. 37 (1908). — Hutchison in Bot. Mag. CXXXVI. t. 8294 (1910). Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2250 m., June 1908 (No. 2950); Wa-shan, woodlands, alt. 2400- 2700 m., June 1908 (No. 2951); Ching-ting-shan, thickets, alt. 1200-1500 m.. May 22, 1908 (No. 1036); Mupin, woods, alt. 1800- 2500 m., June and October 1908 and October 1910 (Nos. 1036% 4209); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1800-2500, July and September 1908 (No. 1036); northeast of Sungpan, thickets, alt. 1800-2300 m., August 1910 (No. 4032). Nos. 1036" and 2950 differ from the plant described by Hemsley and from the other specimens in the quite glabrous peduncles, pedicels and branchlets and in the less pubescent leaves. Nos. 1036 and 2950 have apparently much paler flowers ("pale purple " according to Wilson), than the type. ABELIA R. Br. Abelia Graebneriana Rehder, n. sp. Ahelia uniflora Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 359 (in part as to the Hupeh and Szech'uan specimens, not R. Brown) (1888). Abelia serrata Hance in Jour. Bot. XX. 6 (not Siebold & Zuccarini) (1882). Linnaea uniflora Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 131 (in part as to the Hupeh and Szech'uan specimens, not A. Braun & Vatke) (1900). Linnaea serrata Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 133 (in part as to the Chinese specimens) (1900). CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — ABELIA 119 Frutex gracilis ramiilis fusco-purpureis, junioribus glabris v. inter- dum minute puberulis. Folia membranacea, ovata v. elliptico-ovata, rarius oblongo-ovata, acuminata, basi cuneata, 3-5.5 cm. longa et 1.5-3 cm. lata, basi apiceque exceptis serrulata serraturis parvis mucronulatis, supra laete viridia, plerumque praecipue ad marginem ciliatam versus sparse adpressa pilosa, subtus pallidiora, secus costam mediam et venas basin versus villosa, interdum ad costam venasque sparse pilosa, rarius fere glabra; petioli glabri, 2-4 mm. longi. Pe- dunculi uniflori, breves in apice ramulorum brevium plures, rarius solitarii; bracteolae ciliatae; ovaria subteretia, sparse pilosa; sepala oblongo-lanceolata v. oblongo-ovata, obtusa v. acutiuscula, glabra V. sparsissime ciliata; corolla albida v. pallide rosea, 2.5 cm. longa, campanulato-infundibuliformis e basi tubulosa fere tertiam partem corollae formante sensim ampliata, limbo subpatulo circa 2 cm. diam., extus sparse pilosula glandulosaque, fauce villosa; stylus lim- bum medium attingens, stamina longiora paullo superans. Achaenia subteretia, costata, 7-8 mm. longa, sparse pilosa. Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1200 m., June 1907 (No. 2017, type); Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500-2300 m., June 11 and October 1910 (No. 4422); without locality, May 1900 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 267, 267"^); Ichang, A. Henry (No. 3436); with- out locality, A. Henry (No. 1768). Western Szech'uan: Chin-ting- shan, thickets, alt. 1200 m.. May 25, 1908 (No. 2018); Mupin, thick- ets, alt. 1200-1800, June 1908 and October 1910 (Nos. 2020, 4380); Mt. Omei, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5031); without locality, July 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3720). Closely allied to A. uniflora R. Brown, which is easily distinguished by its sub- coriaceous glabrous leaves, the 1-3-flowered inflorescence at the end of elongated branchlets and the more campanulate corolla with a shorter and wider tube. Abelia Graebneriana is somewhat variable in foliage and also in the flowers; the most dis- tinct forms are represented by the following three numbers: No. 267 differs in its narrower glabrescent leaves usually only with one to three teeth on each side, the narrower ones being about 4 cm. long and 1 cm. broad, in the longer sepals, the larger corolla, nearly 3 cm. long with longer and slenderer tube, and in the lateral flowering branchlets being usually reduced to fascicles of leaves; No. 2020 has ovate, indistinctly crenulate-serrulate leaves, obtusely acuminate, and smaller flowers, scarcely exceeding 2 cm. in length; No. 43S0 has much smaller leaves not exceeding 2.5 cm. and oval sepals, the flowers are wanting. To this species is probably related Linnaea serrata, var. Hegii (Graebner [p. sp.] in sched.) Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 722 (1910) from Shensi, G. Giraldi, and from Hupeh, Mts. of Fan-sien, C. Silveslri (No. 1825), chiefly characterized by ciliate sepals puberulous on the outside; it is possibly a distinct species. 120 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Abelia Engleriana Rehder, n. comb. Ldnnaea Engleriana Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 132 (1900). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien and Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1200-1600 m., June and September 1907 (No. 289); Ichang, A, Henry (No. 1737). Szech'uan: Taning Hsien, cliffs, alt. 600-900 m., July 1910 (No. 4491); no locality, A. Henry (Nos. 5563, type!, 5573); Chan-chia-shan, Nanch'uan, A. v. Rosthorn (No. 34). Rosthorn's No. 34 differs from the type specimen and from Wilson's specimens, which have quite glabrous branchlets in its puberulous and sparingly pilose branch- lets; and the inflorescence does not seem typical. Henry's No. 1737 resembles in foliage somewhat A. macrotera (Graebn.) Rehder, but the flowers are those of A. Engleriana, though borne at the end of short elongated branchlets. Abelia myrtilloides, Rehder, n. sp. Frutex metralis ramulis gracilibus, junioribus puberulis rubrobrun- neis, annotinis fuscis peridermate decorticante. Folia ovata v. ovato- oblonga v. ovato-lanceolata, acuta v. obtusiuscula et plerumque mucronulata, basi late cuneata, margine revoluta et Integra, 1-1.5 cm. longa et 4-7 mm. lata, supra obscure viridia, glabra pilis paucis setosis ad marginem versus exceptis, subtus pallida v. cinereo-viridia, venis inconspicuis, glabra pilis villosis ad partem inferiorem costae mediae exceptis; petioli glabri, 1 mm. longi. Flores axillares in apice ramulorum elongatorum, graciliter pedunculati pedunculis puberulis 3 mm. longis medio bracteis minutis linearibus institutis; ovarium teres, adpresse pilosum, circa 5 mm. longum; sepala 2, elliptica, ciliata, 7-9 mm. longa et 4-5 mm. lata; corolla campanulato-infun- dibuliformis, infra medium anguste tubulosa supra sensim ampliata, intus hirsuta, extus glabra, circa 3 cm. longa, roseo-purpurea, lobis late ovatis 4 mm. longis; stamina glabra, longiora medium limbum attingentia; stylus glaber, staminibus paullo brevior. Fructus maturi desiderantur. Western Szech'uan: cliffs, alt. 600-700 m., June 1903, (Veitch Exped. No. 3722, type); valley of Min River near Sungpan, dry places, alt. 2100-2400 m., August 1910 (No. 4495). Abelia myrtilloides is closely related to A. parvifolia Hemsley, which is easily distingiiished by its densely pubescent and glandular leaves generally broader and rounded at the base, the short-peduncled flowers and by its longer and narrower sepals. It is also allied to A. Schumannii Rehder, which differs in its broader and larger usually sparingly serrate and thinner leaves pilose on the upper surface, and in its smaller flowers with the tube much shorter and borne on very short peduncles. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — ABELIA 121 Abelia Schumannii Rehder, n. comb. Ldnnaea Schumannii Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 130 (1900). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 1200-1800 m., July and November 1908 (No. 1230); Min Valley, near Mao-chou, dry region, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May 25, 1908 (No. 2019); Lungan Fu, sunny places, alt. 1200-1800 m., August 1910 (No. 4494); Tachien-lu, alt. 2700-3600 m., A. E. Pratt (No. 271, type!); Chinlin, Nanch'uan, river banks, August 15, 1891, A. von Rosthorn (No. 459). Abelia parvifolia Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 358 (1888). Linnaea parvifolia Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 129 (1900). Western Hupeh: hills around Ichang, common, alt. 30-300 m., July 1907 (No. 747); Ichang, A. Henry (No. 4225). Western Szech'uan: Lungan Fu, rocky places, alt. 1200-1500 m., August 1910 (No. 4493). Abelia chinensis R. Brown in Abel, Narrat. Jour. China, 376, tab. (1818). Linnaea chinensis A. Braun & Vatke in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. XXII. 291 (1872). Abelia Hanceana Martens apud Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. e^r. 5, V. 216 (1866). Western Hupeh: around Ichang, common, alt. 600 m., July 1907 (No. 2024); no locahty, July 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1420); no locality, A. Henry (No. 35); Nant'o, A. Henry (No. 2688). Kwang- tung: no locality, C. Ford (No. 94); Lienchow River, August 19, 1887, C. Ford (No. 1795). Abelia Zanderi Rehder, n. comb. Ldnnaea Zanden Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 142 (1900). Western Szech'uan: dry regions near Mong-kong-ting, thickets, alt. 1800-2400 m., June 1908 (No. 2021); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2100-2400, June 1908 (No. 2022); no locality, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3721). Shensi: Han-cheng-sien, 1909, Wm. Purdoni (No. 320). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-2000 m., June 16, 1910 (No. 4492). I have not seen the type of this species, but at least one part of the specimens quoted here of this apparently very variable species agrees well with Graebner's description. The length and shape of the sepals varies considerably; in No. 3721 they are as long or slightly longer than the corolla-tube, linear-oblong and acutish, while in Nos. 2021 and 2022, they are about two thirds as long, oblauceolate and 122 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA obtuse. The peduncles in No. 3721 are 6-8 mm. long, in No. 2022 the pedicels are more or less separate so that the flowers are pedicelled and the common peduncle is sometimes very short, similar to the inflorescence of A. biflora Turczaninow. The leaves are also very variable; in No. 2021 they are narrowly lanceolate and quite entire, and in No. 4210 lanceolate-oblong and nearly entire, while in No. 2022 and in Purdom's No. 320 at least part of the leaves are elliptic and coarsely toothed and in No. 4492 the leaves are oblong-lanceolate and almost all serrate. The flowers are fragrant, the tube nearly tubular and the limb spreading. Abelia umbellata, n. comb. Linnaea umbellata Graebner & Buchwald in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 143 (1900). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1200-1800 m., June, Nov. 1907 (No. 607); without locality, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 922). Szech'uan: A. Henry (No. 7083, type). The corolla, not described by Graebner, is narrowly funnel-form or nearly tubu- lar, white, 15-18 mm. long, with spreading limb, 3 mm. long; the style slightly exceeds the tube and the stamens just reach the mouth; the sepals are nearly as long as the tube or somewhat shorter. The determination of Wilson's collection and other unnamed material in the herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum led me to study all the Asiatic species, and in consequence to a rearrangement of the species, differing in several points from the grouping as proposed by Maximowicz (in Mel. Biol. XII. 473-480), Zabel (in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. II. 32-34) and Graebner (in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 120-145). To show clearly the arrangement I have adopted, a synopsis of the whole genus is appended here. SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS ABELIA. Abelia has been by several writers united with Linnaea and treated as a sub- genus of the latter, but there does not seem to be a very convincing reason for the union of these two genera; there are no intermediate forms, and sufficient char- acters in the ovary and the fruit, as well as in the calyx and in the corolla and in the habit of the plants to keep Abelia as a distinct genus. At present 27 species of Abelia may be distinguished which can be divided into two sections well marked by differences in the vegetative and reproductive parts and easily recognized even without flowers or fruits. The first section Euabelia, with A. chinensis as the type, is characterized by the petioles not being dilated at the base and not enclosing the winter-buds, by the absence of recurved hispid hairs on the young branchlets, the hghter or darker brown color of the bark separating in flakes, the more or less funnel form or nearly campanulate shape of the corolla and the terete or nearly terete akenes. The second section, Zabelia, which I take pleasure in associating with the name of H. Zabel, who first proposed a good division of the genus into sections, is characterized by the petioles being dilated at the base with the opposite ones connate and covering the winter-buds and persistent on the branchlets of the previous year, by the young branch- lets being furnished with reflexed hispid hairs or rarely glabrous, by the tubular corolla with spreading limb, by the stamens not exceeding the tube and the scarcely exserted style, and by flattened akenes usually more or less curved. The several subsections or series as here limited have well defined geographical ranges; the first, Serratae, is Japanese, the second and third, Uniflorae and Rupestres, range CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — ABELIA 123 from eastern to western China, the fourth, Vesaleae, is Mexican, the fifth, Corym- bosae, is Central Asiatic, while the last, Biflorae, extends from Mongolia to western China. KEY OF THE SPECIES. * RamuH pilis villosia v. patentibus instructi v. puberulis v. glabri, nodis non in- crassatis; petioli basi non dilatati nee connati; corolla campanulato- infundibuliformis staminibus styloque faucem superantibus; achaenia teretia V. subteretia. Sect. I. EUABELIA. t PeduncuH semper biflori, solitarii in apice ramulorum lateraUum brevium; ramuH solidi medulla angusta Subsect. 1. SERRATAE. Sepala 5 1. A. spathulala. Sepala 2. Folia parva ad 3 cm. longa; sepala apice 2-3-dentata; corolla 1.5 cm. longa, apicem versus sensim ampliata, limbo suberecto, rosea. 2. A. serrata. Foha majora, ad 6 cm. longa; sepala apice plerumque obtusa v. obtusius- cula, rarius leviter excisa. Achaenia pilosa; sepala ovata; folia serrata; corolla 2 cm. longa, infundi- buliformis. Umbo patente, lactea 3. ^4.. Buchwaldii. Achaenia glabra; sepala lanceolata; foha parcius serrata v. fere Integra. 4. A. gymnocarpa. tt PeduncuH unifiori, rarius plurifiori, axillares, saepe apice ramulorum infiores- centias pluri- v. multiflores formantes. t Sepala 2; stamina quam corolla breviora; pedunculi unifiori; ramuli anguste fistulosi Subsect. 2. UNIFLORAE. Folia acuminata. Ramuli glabri (in A. uniflora interdum puberuli). Corolla 2.5-3 cm. longa, sepalis triplo longior, plerumque e tubo angusto paullo infra medium v. medio ampUata. Foha Integra v. minute obsoleteque denticulata, 4-7 cm. longa, longe acuminata; peduncuU axillares plurifiori. 5. A. macrotera. Folia serrulata v. dentata. Corolla e medio amphata, infra medium anguste tubularis; pedunculi unifiori, axillares in apice ramulorum elongatorum; foUa parva, 1.5-2.5 cm. longa, serrulata. 6. A. longituba. Corollae pars tubularis vix tertiam partem corollae formans; folia 3-6 cm. longa. Folia subcoriacea, glabra. Pedunculi 1-3-flori in apice ramu- lorum elongatorum inflorescentias plurifloras formantes; corolla fere campanulata, basi breviter tubulosa. 7. A. uniflora. Folia membranacea plerumque pilosa. Pedunculi uniflora in apice ramulorum brevium, corollae pars tubularis fere tertiam partem corollae formans. 8. A. Graebneriana. Corolla 1.5-2 cm. longa, e tubo bre\'i campanulata, sepalis duplo longior; flores in apice ramulorum brevium. 9. A. Engleriana. 124 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Hamuli juniorea pubenili, virides; folia oblongo-lanceolata, Integra v. interdum paucidentata, 1.5-3 cm. longa et 5-12 mm. lata; corolla 2 cm. longa 10. A. Koehneana. Folia acuta v. obtusa, parva, 1-2.5 cm. longa, discoloria, chartacea v. subcoriacea; pedunculi uniflori, plerumque in apice ramulorum elongatorum inflorescentias pluriflores formantes; ramuli puberuli et sparse pilosi. Folia eglandulosa, subtus ad costam villosa. Corolla parva, 1-1.5 cm. longa, anguste infundibuliformis 11. .A. tereticalyx. Corolla campanulato-infundibuliformis, 2.5 cm. longa, infra medium subito ampliata, limbo 1.5-2 cm. diam.; folia margine plana. 12. A. Schumannii. Corolla infundibuliformis, 2.5 cm. longa, supra medium sensim am- pliata, limbo 8 mm. diam., folia margine revoluta. 13. A. myrtilloides. Folia utrinque puberula et glandulosa; corolla 2.5 cm. longa, campanu- lato-infundibuliformis 14. A parvifolia. XX Sepala 5; stamina stylusque plus minus exserta. Inflorescentiae axillares, bi- v. pluriflorae in apice ramulorum paniculas plerumque multifiores formantes; stamina limbum superantia; medulla ramulorum angusta, solida v. partim evanescens. Subsect. 3. RUPESTRES. Folia parva, 5-10 mm. longa, late ovata, acutiuscula. 15. A. Aschersoniana. Folia majora, ovata v. oblongo-ovata, acuta v. acuminata. Folia concoloria, acuta, basi cuneata; sepala S-10 mm. longa, tubo coroUae parum breviora 16. .4. rupestris. Folia discoloria, acuminata, basi plerumque rotundata; sepala 4-5 mm. longa, tubo corollae dimidio breviora. 17. A. chinensis. Inflorescentiae axillares, uniflorae, racemos breves terminales formantes; stamina limbo breviora; medulla ramulorum angusta, solida. Subsect. 4. VESALEAE. Corolla 4-5 cm. longa; folia crenata, ciliata, membranacea. 18. A. floribunda. Corolla 1.5-2 cm. longa; folia saepissime Integra, glaberrima, coriacea. 19. A. coriacea. ** Ramuli pilis setosis reflexis instructi, rarius glabri, nodis incrassatis, medulla ampla solida; petioli basi dilatati et connati gemmas axillares obtegentes et in ramulis annotinis speciem stipularum intrapetioliarium formantes; pedunculi bi- v. tri-, rarius pluriflori; corolla tubuloso-infundibuliformis, tubo cylindrico, limbo paten te, staminibus inclusis, stylo vix exsertis; achaenia compressa, saepius curvata Sect. II. ZABELIA. Pedunculi axillares plerumque triflori in apice ramulorum paniculam sub- capitatam formantes Subsect. 5. CORYMBOSAE. Sepala 5, filiformia, pinnato-pilosa 20. A. triflora. Sepala 4, lineari-lanceolata v. elliptica. Sepala lineari-lanceolata, corollae tubo duplo vel quadruplo breviora. 21. A. angustijolia. Sepala lanceolata v. elliptica, corollae tubo vix breviora. 22. A. corymbosa. Pedunculi biflori v. rarius pluriflori in apice ramulorum plerumque brevium solitarii; sepala 4 Subsect 6. BIFLORAE. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — ABELIA 125 Pedunculi biflori. Pedunculi nulli; pedicellis usque ad basin libera; folia plerumque serrata. 25. A. hiflora. Pedunculi 0.5-1.2 cm. longi. Folia acuminata. Folia lanceolata discoloria, Integra, subtus glaberrima. 24. A. Dielsii. Folia ovato-oblonga, rarius lanceolata Integra v. paucidentata con- coloria subtus pubescent ia 25. A. Zanderi. Folia obtusa, apice crenato-serrata, glabra, eubdiscoloria. 26. A. onkocarpa. Pedunculi 5- ad 7-flori; folia ovato-oblonga v. ovata, acuta v. obtusiuscula. 27. A. umbellata. ENUMERATION OF THE SPECIES. Sect. I. EUABELIA Rehder, n. sect, (see p. 123). Ser. 1. SERRATAE, Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX, 126, 131 (1900). Biflorae Zabel in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. II. 33 (in part) (1893). 1. Abelia spathulata Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. I. 77, t. 34, fig. 2 (1835). — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. CVIII. t. 6611 (1882). Abelia serrata A. Gray in Perry, Narr. Exped. China Jap. II. 313 (secundum specimen authent.) (1856). Linnaea spathulata Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 142 (1901). Japan: Hondo {Maxiviowicz, C. Wright, C. S. Sargent, K. Watanabe, J. G. Jack, Faurie (No. 6837, 6838); Kiusiu (Rein ex Graebner). 2. Abelia serrata Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. I. 77, t. 34 (1835). Linnaea serrata Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 133 (1900). Japan: Hondo, Siebold, K. Miyabe; Shikoku, Nanokawa, Tosa, June 11, 1888, K. Watanabe; Kiusiu (Siebold ex Graebner). Abelia serrata has sometimes been confounded with A. uniflora R. Brovra, but that species is easily distinguished by its axillary, one-flowered or sometimes three- flowered peduncles. The Chinese specimens identified by some botanists with A. serrata belong to A. Graebneriana Rehder, a species closely related to A. uniflora, but in foliage rather similar to A. serrata. 3. Abelia Buchwaldii Rehder, n. comb. Linnaea Buchwaldii Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 133 (1900). Japan: Hondo, Nagasaki, Maximowicz, 1863!, Ushiroyama, Mimasaki, S. Arimoto, 1903. Graebner describes the sepals as ciliate, but I find them glabrous in Maximowicz's specimen, while in Watanabe's specimen of A. serrata the sepals are sparingly cili- ate; Arimoto's specimen which has the sepals ciliate, is without flowers and I am not sure whether it really belongs here or to the following species; the akenes are glabrous, but also in Maximowicz's specimen they are only very sparingly pilose even in a young state. 4. Abelia gjrmnocarpa Rehder, n. comb. Linnaea gymnocarpa Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 134 (1900). Japan: Hondo, between Kioto and Maizura, Tomba, Doederlein (ex Graebner); Adera, Shinano, J. G. Jack, September 5, 1905. I have not seen the type specimen, but Jack's specimen from Adera, which is without flowers, seems to agree well with Gracbner's description except that the sepals are not strictly lanceolate. 126 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Ser. 2. UNIFLORAE Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 126, 129 (emend.) (1900). 5. A. macrotera Rehder, n. comb. lAnnaea macrotera Graebner & Buchwald in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 131 (1900). Hupeh: A. Henry (Nos. 6398, type, 1893). I refer to this species also Henry's No. 1893, though it differs slightly in the thinner, less prominently veined leaves always cuneate at the base, while in No. 6398 they are rounded on part of the branches. 6. Abelia longituba Rehder, n. sp. Frutex gracilis ramuUs purpureo-fuscis glabris. Folia decidua brevi-petiolata, elliptico-ovata v. oblongo-lanceolata, basi cuneata, plerumque acuminata, apice obtusiuscula mucronulataque, pauci-serrulata, supra laete viridia, glabra pilis sparsis ad marginem exceptis, subtus pallida, sparse glandulosa ad costam tantum villosula V. glabra, 1.5-2.5 cm. longa, 5-8 mm. lata. Pedunculi uniflori, axillares in apice ramulorum brevium, medio bracteis duobus subulatis ciliolatis, apice bracteolis quattuor ovatis ciliolatis instituti; sepala oblonga, obtusa 8-10 mm. longa, glabra; corolla infundibuliformis, calyce triplo longior, 3 cm. longa, infra medium anguste tubularis, e medio apicem versus ampliata, limbo patulo, 1.5-2 cm. diam., extus minute puberula, fauce intus subvillosa, staminibus longioribus styloque tubum subaequantibus. Achaenia sub anthesi 6 mm. longa, subteretia, leviter costata, glabra. Hupeh: A. Henry (No. 1356). Abelia longituba is closely related to A. uniflora, but from this and the other allied species easily distinguished by the long and slender tube of the corolla and the small leaves. 7. Abelia uniflora R. Brown in WaUich, PI. As. Rar. I. 15 (1830). — Lindley in Bot. Reg. XXXII. text to t. 8 (1846). — Lindley & Paxton, Flow. Gard. II. 145, fig. 208 (1852). —FZ. Serres, VII. 227, fig. (1852). — Hooker in Bot. Mag. LXXIX. t. 4694 (1853). — Planchon in Fl. Serres, VIII. t. 824 (1853). — Morren in Belg. Hort. III. 338, t. (1853). — Jowr. Hort. Prat. Guide Jard. XI. 129, t. (1853). — Le- maire in Jard. Fleur. IV. t. 380 (1854). — Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg XXXI. 56 (1886); in Mel. Biol. XII. 476. Linnaea uniflora, A. Braun & Vatke in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. XXII. 291 (1872). — Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 131 (in part) (1900). China: Fokien, Reeves (ex R. Brown), R. Fortune (ex Lindley). Of this species I have seen only specimens from cultivated plants which agree perfectly with the figure published by Hooker. According to Maximowicz the type specimen has smaller flowers and Lindley's figure shows the leaves slightly hairy, but I do not think that the type and Lindley's plant are different from the plant now in cultivation. Abelia uniflora has been made to include the plant of western China now described as A. Graebneriana, and even the Japanese A. serrata Siebold & Zuccarini, but the latter differs markedly in its two-flowered terminal peduncles, and belongs to another group, and the former, though closely related, is certainly sufficiently distinct to form a separate species. 8. Abelia Graebneriana Rehder. See p. 118. 9. Abelia Engleriana (Graebn.) Rehder. See p. 120. 10. Abelia Koehneana Rehder, n. comb. Linnaea Koehneana Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 132 (1900). Szech'uan: A. von Rosthorn (No. 1843). Easily distinguished from the allied species by the puberulous and green young branchlets and the very narrow leaves. CAPKIFOLIACEAE. — ABELIA 127 11. Abelia tereticalyx Rehder, n. comb. Linnaea tereticalyx Graobner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 130 (1900). China: Szech'uan: Tibet frontier, alt. 3000-4500 m., A. E. Pratt (No. 136). Of this species I have seen only a specimen of Pratt's No. 136 without fully de- veloped flowers. It seems closely related to A. Schumannii, but diflers in the smaller flowers and in the narrower leaves. 12. Abelia Schumannii (Graebn.) Rehder. See p. 121. 13. Abelia myrtilloides Rehder. See p. 120. Ser. 3. RUPESTRES Zabel in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. II. 33 (emend.) (1893). 15. A. Aschersoniana Rehder, n, comb. Linnaea Aschersoniana Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 139 (1900). China: Kwang-tung, Lantao Island, C. Ford. 16. Abelia rupestris Lindley in Bot. Reg. XXXII. t. 8 (1846). — Lindley & Paxton, Flow. Gard. II. 130, fig. 201 (1852). Linnaea rupestris A. Braun & Vatke in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. XXII. 291 (1872). China: Fokien, Chamoo Hills (ex Lindley). I have seen no specimen of this species. According to the descriptions the differ- ences between this and the following seem very slight and both may belong to the same species. 17. Abelia chinensis R. Br. See p. 121. Ser. 4. VESALEAE Zabel in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. II. 33 (1893). 18. Abelia floribunda Decaisne apud Lemaire in Ft. Serres, II. t. 5 (4) (1846).— Decaisne in Rev. Hort. 1847, 301, t. 16. — Hooker in Bot. Mag. LXXIII. t. 4316 (1847). — Lindley in Bot. Reg. XXXIII. t. 55 (184:7).— Florist, 11. 229, t. (1847).— Garden, XIII. 468, t. 128 (1878). — Visschere in Rev. Hort. Belg. XXIL 157, t. (1897). Vesalea floribunda Martens & Galeotti in Bull. Acad. Brux. XI. 242 (1844). Vesalea hirsuta Martens & Galeotti, I. c. 242 (1844). Abelia speciosa Decaisne apud Lemaire in Ft. Serres, II. text to t. 5 (1846). Abelia hirsuta Walpers, Rep. VI. 3 (1848). Linnaea floribunda A. Braun & Vatke in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. XXII. 291 (1872). Mexico: Sierra de San Fehpe, C. G. Pringle (No. 4649), Cerro San Fehpe, E. W. Nelson (No. 1053). 19. Abelia coriacea Hemsley, Diagn. PL Nov. Mex. 53 (1878-80); Bot. Biol. Am. Centr. II. 4, t. 36, fig. 1-5 (1881). Linnaea coriacea Fritsch in Engler & PrantI, Nat. Pflanzenfam. IV. 4, p. 166, fig. 55 (1891). Mexico: San Louis Potosi, C. C. Parry & E. Palmer (No. 299); Sierra de la Silla, C. G. Pringle (No. 2546). Sect. II. ZABELIA, n. sect. (See p. 124). Ser. 5. CORYMBOSAE Zabel in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. II. 33 (1893). 20. Abelia triflora R. Brown apud WaUich, PL As. Rar. I. 14, t. 15 (1830). — Wight, III. II. 72, t. 121, C. (1850). — Lindley & Paxton, Flow. Gard. III. 93, t. 91 (1853). — Lemaire in Jard. Fleur. III. tab. 319 (1853). — Briot in Rev. Hort. 1871, 510, t. — Hemsley in Garden, X. 58, t. 29 (1876). — Lauche, Deutsch. Dendr. 199, fig. 71 (1880).— Gard. Chron. ser. 2, XVI. 169, fig. 34 (1881). — Pucci in Bull. Soc. Tosc. Ort. XIX. 152, t. 5 (1894). 128 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Himalayas: Kumaon, Hooker & Thomson, R. Strachey & Winterbottom. — In cultivation. A. triflora, var. parvifolia Clarke in Hooker, Fl. Brit. Ind. Ill, 9 (1882). Linnaea triflora, var. /3 'parvifolia Graebner & Buchwald in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 135 (1900). Western Himalayas: Jhelum Valley and Wuzaristan (Stewart ex Clarke). 21. Abelia angustifolia Bureau & Franchet in Jour, de Bot. V. 47 (1891). Linnaea angustifolia Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 135 (1900). Szetch'uan (ex Bureau & Franchet). 22. Abelia corymbosa Regel & Schmalhausen in Act. Hort. Petrop. V. 608 (1878). Linnaea corymbosa Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 136 (1900). Turkestan (ex Maximowicz). Afghanistan: Kurrum Valley, Aitchison (No. 341), The specimens from Afghanistan approach the preceding species; the sepals are lanceolate, one-nerved and only about half as long as the tube of the corolla, and the leaves are oblong to lanceolate. Ser. 5. BIFLORAE Zabel in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. II. 33 (emend.) (1893)' 23. Abelia biflora Turczaninow in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. X. No. VII. 152 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor.) (1837). — Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s6r. 2, VI. 29, t. 11 (PI. David. I. 149) (1883). — Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. XXV. 515 (1907). Abelia Davidii Hance in Jour. Bot. VI. 329 (1868), XIII. 132 (1875). Abelia shikokiana Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. VI. 55 (nom. nudum) (1892); VII. 286 (quasi synon. of A. biflora) (1893). Linnaea biflora Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr. 559 (1893). Shan si: Wutai-shan, W.Purdom, 1909 (No. 297). Chili (ex Franchet and Maximowicz). Mandshuria, Maximowicz (Iter sec. 1860.) Japan: Shikoku, (ex Makino). The occurrence of A. biflora in Shikoku, as reported by Makino, seems rather un- likely, and as long as I have seen no specimens of A. biflora from Japan, this deter- mination seems doubtful to me. 24. Abelia Dielsii Rehder, n. comb. Linnaea Dielsii Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 140 (1910). China: Shensi, Tai-pai-shan, G. Giraldi (No. 1815 ex Diels). 25. Abelia Zander! (Graebn.) Rehder. See p. 121. 26. Abelia onkocarpa, n. comb. Linnaea onkocarpa Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 140 (1901). China: Shensi, Si-ku-tzui-shan, G. Giraldi (No. 1766 ex Diels). 27. Abelia umbellata (Graebn.) Rehder. See p. 122. HYBRIDS. Abelia chinensis X uniflora = A. grandiflora Rehder in Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. I. 1 (1900). Abelia rupestris, var. grandiflora Rovelli apud Andr6 in Rev. Hort. 1886, 488. Abelia rupestris hybrida Rovelli ex Schaedtler in MoUer's Deutsch. Gdrtner- Zeit. II. 223 (1887). Abelia rupestris Hort. (rupestris X uniflora) Spath in Gartenfl. XLI. 113 1. 1366 (1892). Abelia floribunda hybrida, A. multiflora hybrida, A. rupestris alba Hort. ex Zabel in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. II. 33 (as synon.) (1893). CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — LONICERA 129 Linnaea (Abelia) Spaethiana {biflora X rupestris) Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 144 (1900). Linnaea (Abelia) Perringiana (uniflora X chinensis) Graebner, I.e. 145 (1900). This hybrid is not uncommon in cultivation under the name of A. rupestris; five of the specimens before me from different gardens are named thus, while one is named A. uniflora and one A. chinensis. They differ only slightly from each other and are all clearly intermediate between A. chinensis and A. uniflora, and exhibit not the shghtest trace of an influence of A. biflora which, moreover, so far as I know, has never been in cultivation. The hybrid is hardier than either of its parents, which accounts for its wider distribution in our gardens. When and where it originated I have been unable to find out. The oldest specimen I have seen was collected at Kew in 1880 by G. Nicholson under the name of A. rupestris; it may be the form sent out by Veitch as A. rupestris grandiflora alba according to Andr6. The form described by Andre as A. rupestris grandiflora originated in the nurseries of Rovelli Brothers at Pallanza, Italy. I have before me a specimen collected in Lavalle's Arboretum at Segrez in 1887 where it was, according to the label, received from Rovelli under that name. SPECIES TO BE EXCLUDED Abelia splendens Hort. ex K. Koch, Dendr. II. 1, p. 20 (as synon.) (1872) = Lonicera fragrantissima Lindley & Paxton. Abelia adenotricha Hance in Jour. Bot. IX. 132, 1871 {Linnaea adenotricha Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 144 [1900]) = Lonicera Elisae Franchet. Though I have not seen Hance's specimen, I accept, after comparing his de- scription with Lonicera Elisae, as correct Franchet's suggestion (Plant. David. I. 152) that Abelia adenotricha is probably the same as Lonicera Elisae. All the characters even including measurements agree with those of L. Elisae, and the peculiar inflorescence which seemed so strange to Maximowicz (Mel. Biol. XII. 479) may be explained, if one imagines that Hance had a specimen like the upper part of Franchet's figure of L. Elisae; Hance may have easily taken the sohtary peduncle as originating between the two branchlets. Place and time of collection of the two species also agree. As there is no other plant among the undoubtedly complete set of David's plants sent to Paris and determined by Franchet, which corresponds to A. adenotricha, hardly any doubt seems to be left that Hance's name must be referred as a synonym to L. Elisae. LONICERA L. Subgen. I. CHAMAECERASUS L. Sect. I. ISOXYLOSTEUM Rehd. Subsect. MicROSTYLAE Rehd. Lonicera tubuliflora Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus 1-4 m. altus ramulis gracilibus, hornotinis plerumque purpurascentibus breviter et dense villosis interdum glandulis paucis interspersis, annotinis pallide flavido-brunneis, vetustioribus griseis cortice fibrose. Gemmae parvae, griseo-flavescentes, 4 perulis exteriori- 130 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA bus. Folia decidua, oblonga v, oblongo-obovata, obtusa, basi rotun- data V. late cuneata, 6-10 mm. longa et 2-3 mm. lata, glabra, supra coeruleo-viridia, subtus glaucescentia, utrinsecus costis 3 v. 4 supra impressis, subtus conspicuis; petioli glabri, 0.5 mm. longi. Flores bini in pedunculis glabris petiolos aequantibus v. paullo superantibus erectis v. suberectis axillaribus in parte media v. superiore ramulorum, fragrantissimi ; bracteae anguste oblongae, glabrae, 2.5-4 mm. longae, calycem duplo superantes; bracteolae in cupulam vix lobatam ovariis dimidio breviorem connatae; ovaria ovoidea, libera, 1.5 mm. longa, bilocularia; dentes calycis ovati v. oblongo-ovati, obtusi, inaequales, dimidia ovaria aequantes, sparse glanduloso-ciliati ; corolla tubulosa, alba, extus glabra, tubo cylindrico fauce leviter constricto, 8-10 mm. longo, 2 mm. diam., intus supra ihsertionem staminum pilis longis infra pilis brevibus sparsis instructo, lobis patentibus suborbicularibus, 1.5 mm. longis; filamenta brevissima, tubo paullo supra medium affixa, antherae oblongae, connectivo loculos paullo superante; stylus glaber tubo dimidio brevior. Fructus desiderantur. Western Szech'uan: thickets in sunny places near Mou-kong- ting, alt. 2700 m., June 1908 (No. 1883). Lonicera tubuliflora seems most nearly related to L. syringantha Maximowicz, which is easily distinguished by its much wider lilac corolla with the tube only three times as long as the Umb and not constricted at the mouth, by the 3-celled ovaries, the longer lanceolate caljTC-teeth, the higher cupula and the larger often acute leaves. Lonicera thibetica Bureau & Franchet in Jour, de BoL V. 48 (1891). Western Szech'uan: uplands around Tachien-lu, alt. 2500 m., July 28, 1908 (No. 827, in part); around Sungpan, abundant, alt. 2400-3000 m., August 1910 (No. 827, in part). Lonicera syringantha Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Peters- hourg, XXIV. 49; in Mel. Biol. X. 77 (1877). Western Szech'uan: upland thickets, Ta p'ao shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, alt. 3600 m., July 6, 1908 (No. 1872) ; Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan-Hsien, alt. 3600 m., June 24, 1908 (No. 1873). Wilson's specimens differ slightly from the type in their shorter corolla tube, 4-5 mm. long, and in their narrower and smaller leaves broadly cuneate at the base and usually in threes. One of the branches shows the young leaves beneath and the flower buds furnished with a very sUght floccose pubescence which soon disap- pears. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — LONICERA 131 Sect. 2. ISIKA DC. Subsect. PURPURASCENTES Rehd. Lonicera shensiensis Rehder in Fedde, Rey. Sp. Nov. VI. 269 (1909). Lonicera trichopoda, var. shensiensis Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. XIV. 57 (1903). Western Hupeh: woodlands, Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1600-1800 m., May and July 1907 (No. 1867). Lonicera trichogyne Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus circiter metralis ramulis junioribus sparse villosis, vetustioribus pallide griseis v. brunneo-griseis cortice fibroso. Gem- mae parvae, perulis 8-10 exterioribus persistentibus. Folia decidua, oblonga v. obovata-oblonga, v. inferiora minoraque ovalia v. obovata, obtusa V. obtusiuscula, basi sensim in petiolum pubescentem, 2-4 mm. longum attenuata, 2-6 cm. longa et 13-23 mm. lata, supra laete viridia et glabra pilis paucis marginem ciliatam versus exceptis, sub- tus cinerascenti-viridia et villosa praesertim in venis, utrinsecus 0-6- costata. Flores bini in pedunculis gracilibus sparse villosis, 6-10 mm. longis axillaribus in parte inferiore ramulorum; bracteae lineari-lanceo- latae, acuminatae, ciliatae et extus pubescentes, calycis dentes paullo superantes; bracteolae nullae; ovaria fere tota connata, 2 mm. longa, villosa uti margo calycis brevis obsolete dentata; corolla gracilis, tu- bulosa, supra basin leviter ventricosa, 14 mm. longa, lobis suborbicu- laribus suberectis; antherae lobos paullo superantes; stylus exsertus. Fructus desiderantur. Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, among rocks, alt. 2300 m., July 1908 (No. 1866, young fruits only); eastern Szech'uan, Tchen-keou, R. P. Farges (flowers). Lonicera trichogyne is closely allied to L. stenosiphon Franchet from Yunnan, which differs in its smaller narrow, oblong, acute leaves, pubescent on both sides, longer glabrous peduncles, larger distinctly toothed calyx and shorter stamens with the anthers reaching only to the base of the hmb. The description of the flowers given above is taken from Farges' specimens, which differ from Wilson's No. 1866 in the leaves being only 12-18 mm. long. Lonicera serpyllifolia Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. XIV. 58, t. 1, f. 1-5 (1903). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, woodlands, alt. 2400-3000 m., September 1910 (No. 4140). 132 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Wilson's specimen differs from the type in the nearly subulate bracts and the larger leaves and possibly does not belong here, but without flowers it is difficult to place. Lonicera fiavipes Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus 1-2 m. altus ramulis gracilibus, junioribus glabris et plerumque purpurascentibus, annotinis pallide brunneis et nitidulis, vetustioribus griseis cortice fibrose. Gemmae perulis exterioribus circa 8 ovatis obtusis ciliatis et pubescentibus. Folia decidua, obovata V. obovato-oblonga v. inferiora ovalia, obtusa, basi in petiolum bre- vem fere glabrum flavum 2-3 mm. longum attenuata, supra flavo- viridia et sparse et adpresse pubescentia, subtus pallide flavo-viridia, pilis laxe adpressis obtecta, 2-4.5 cm. longa et 10-18 mm. lata, utrin- secus 5-6 costis conspicuis uti costa media flavidis. Flores bini in pedunculis gracilibus glabris 2-2.5 cm. longis axillaribus in parte in- feriore ramulorum; bracteae lanceolatae, foliaceae, sparse ciliatae, calycis dentes superantes; bracteolae nullae; ovaria supra medium connata, margine calycis obsolete dentata trientem ovariorum ae- quante; corolla tubulosa, gracilis, supra basin leviter gibbosa, 11 mm. longa, albida, extus supra medium sparse patentim pilosa, intus pilis paucis longis infra insertionem staminum, lobis orbiculari-ovatis 2 mm. longis suberectis; filamenta paullo supra medium tubum affixa, glabra, 3 mm. longa, antherae 2 mm. longae, lobos medios attingentes; stylus exsertus, 15 mm. longus, pilis longis patentibus instructus basi et apice exceptis. Fructus desiderantur. Western Hupeh: Wen-tsao Mts., Hsing-shan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2300 m., June 5, 1908 (No. i868). Most nearly related to L. tangutica Maxim., which differs chiefly in the smaller and narrower acute leaves nearly glabrous on the imder surface or only sparingly pubescent on the veins, in petioles and veins not being yellow, in the subulate bracts not exceeding the ovaries, in the corolla glabrous on the outside, and in the style being glabrous or only furnished with a few hairs near the base. Lonicera tangutica Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Peter shourg, XXIV. 48 (1877). — Wolf in Gartenfl. XL. 580, fig. 104-105 (1891). Western Szech'uan: Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, common, alt. 1800-2400 m., August 1908 (No. 831); Chin-ting-shan, alt. 1800- 2400 m.. May and September 1908 (No. 831^, in part); Wa-shan, woods, alt. 2400-3300 m., August 1908 (No. 950). Lonicera szechuanica Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIV. 172 (1895). L. tangutica, var. glabra Batalin, I. c. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — LONICERA 133 Western Szech'uan: woodlands, southeast of Tachien-lu, alt. 1800-2400 m., June and September 1908 (No. 831"). Lonicera Schneideriana Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus metralis ramulis gracilibus, junioribus glabris, anno- tinis pallide flavido-griseis cortice fibroso. Gemmae perulis 6-8 ex- terioribus glabris pallide griseis. Folia decidua, obovata v. oblongo- obovata, apice rotundata v. obtusiuscula, basi sensim in petiolum gracilem glabrum 2 mm. longum attenuata, 1-2.5 cm. longa et 4-7 mm. lata, utrinque glabra, supra flavo-viridia, subtus glaucescentia. Flores bini in pedunculis gracilibus pendulis glabris circa 2.5 cm. longis axillaribus in parte inferiore ramulorum; bracteae subulatae, acutae, vix ovaria tota v. fere tota connata dimidia aequantes; brac- teolae nullae; calyx campanulatus, dentibus inaequalibus saepe obso- letis, dimidia ovaria aequans, circa 1 mm. longus; corolla tubulosa, basi leviter gibbosa, 9 mm. longa, flava, extus glabra, intus pubescens, lobis suborbicularibus erectis, 2 mm. longis; filamenta glabra, paullo infra partem trientem superiorem tubi affixa, 2.5 mm. longa, antherae oblongae, 2 mm. longae, paullo limbum superantes; stylus exsertus, pubescens, 12 mm. longus. Bacca subglobosa, rubra, circa 7 mm. diam., calyce persistente coronata; semina pluria, ovoidea, leviter compressa, fiavescenti-alba, 2 mm. longa, testa laevi. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woodlands, alt. 1600-2400 m., June and August 1908 (No. 831% type); alt. 2300 m., June 1908 (Nos. 1859, i860); alt. 2400-2700 m., September 1910 (No. 4214); around Sungpan, upland, rocky places, alt. 3000-3500 m., August 1910 (No. 4023). Lonicera Schneideriana resembles in foliage L. szechuanica Batalin, which differs in the stamens being shorter than the corolla-lobes, in the longer bracts and in the glabrous style. Lonicera shensiensis Rehder is distinguished chiefly by the shorter stamens and the presence of bractlets, while L. serpyllifolia Rehder differs in the smaller somewhat hairy leaves, the ovate bracts and shorter pedvmcles. No. 1859 differs from the type in the generally oblanceolate leaves, 2-3 cm. long. No. 1860 is still more different but hardly sufficiently different to be made the type of another species; it has a shorter distinctly gibbous corolla, shorter calyx and glabrous style, but otherwise, particularly in the foliage, the short bracts and in the sHghtly exserted anthers, it agrees with the type. I take pleasure in associating with this species the name of Mr. C. K. Schneider, whose Illustrieries Handbuch der Lauhholzkunde contains many valuable contribu- tions to the knowledge of Chinese trees and shrubs. Lonicera saccata Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 39, pi. 20 (1902). 134 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1600-1800 m., May and July 1907 (No. 32); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, abundant, alt. 1800-2700 m., May 1907 (No. 1863); rocks in woods, not common, alt. 2300 m.. May 10, 1907 (No. 1864); Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500-2100 m., June 1910 (No. 4007). Western Szech'uan: Chin- ting-shan, thickets, alt. 1800-2400 m.. May and July 1908 (No. 831^, in part) ; Ta-hsing-ling, Ching-chi Hsien, thickets, alt. 2200-2700 m. (No. 1861); thickets, summit of Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2700 m. (No. 1862); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2100-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4038). Wilson's No. 1861 and 1862 from Western Szech'uan differ from the type in their shorter less saccate corolla and also in the less pubescent and generally broader leaves, those of 1861 resembling f. Wilsonii. Lonicera saccata, f. Wilsonii Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. XIV. 60 (1903). Western Hupeh: summit of Wen-tsao Mt., Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, not common, alt. 2700 m.. May 1907 (No. 1865). The specimen differs from the typical f . Wilsonii in its smaller leaves, generally only 1.5 cm. long. Lonicera longa Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. XIV. 61, pi. 1, fig. 6 (1903). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1300-1800 m., Au- gust 1907 (No. 183); alt. 2400-2700 m., September 1910 (No. 4415). One of Wilson's specimens with unripe fruits fortunately had a single pair of apparently belated flowers, which gives me the opportunity to add here the de- scription of the flowers, hitherto unknown. Flowers on slender upright peduncles sparingly pilose or glabrous; bracts linear-lanceolate exceeding the minute and indistinctly toothed calyx; bractlets wanting; corolla tubular, 10-12 mm. long, shghtly gibbous above the base, glabrous outside, sparingly hairy inside below the stamens; lobes orbicular-ovate, about 1.5 mm. long, upright; stamens inserted somewhat above the middle, filaments very short, anthers oblong, 3 mm. long, not reaching the base of the limb ; style exserted, very sparingly pilose below the middle. Subsect. PiLEATAE Rehd. Lonicera gynochlamydea Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 362 (1888). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, common, side of streams, alt. 600-1400 m.. May and August 1907 (No. 266). Lonicera ligustrina Wallich in Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. ed. 2, II. 179 (1824). — Wight, Icon. PI. Ind. Or. III. 14, pi. 1025; III. Ind. Bot. H. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — LONICERA 135 72, pi. 121, B. 3 (1850). — Fritsch in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflan- zenfam. IV. 4, 167, f. 57, F-I (1891). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, watercourses, alt. 1200 m., October 1908 (No. II35, in part). Western Hupeh: no locality. May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 471). Lonicera pileata Oliver in Hooker's Icon. XVI. pt. 1585 (1887). — Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XXXV. 243, pi. 101 (1904). Western Hupeh: Ichang, water-courses, alt. 30-900 m., April and May 1907 (No. 1858). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, water- courses, alt. 1200-1800 m., June and August 1908 (No. 833, in part); Washan, watercourses, alt. 1600 m., June 1908 (No. 833, in part); Mupin, side of streams, alt. 1800 m., June and August 1908 (No. 877); Kuan-Hsien, roadside, alt. 900 m., June 1908 (No. 1135, in part). Subsect. CHLAMYDOCARPi Jaub. & Spach. Lonicera Ferdinandii Franchet, var. leycesterioides Zabel in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVII. 189 (1908). Lonicera leycesterioides Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXXVI. Beibl. LXXXII. 100 (1905). Western Szech'uan: thickets, Nin-tou-shan, west of KuanHsien, alt. 3000 m., June 1908 (No. 1874); Mong-kong-ting, June 1908 (No. 1876); northeast of Sungpan, thickets, alt. 2400 m., August 1910 (No. 4479). The chief difference between this variety and the tj^e Ues in the generally larger, more oblong-ovate leaves, their softer pubescence, the narrower bracts and the less setose corolla. As I have stated before {Rhodora, XI. 210), the section Vesicariae proposed by Komarov and adopted by me in my Synopsis of the genus must be united with the Chlamydocarpi; the cupula is not adnate to the base of the calyx, only firmly ad- hering by matted hairs, and splits at maturity disclosing the bright red berries. Subsect. FRAGRANTissiMAE Rehd. Lonicera Standishii Carriere, var. lancifolia Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. XIV. 82 (1903). Lonicera pseudoproterantha Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Hal. n. ser. XVII. 723, fig. 18 (1910). Western Hupeh: Ichang, common up to 1200 m., April and June 1907 (No. 14). 136 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Lonicera mucronata Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. XIV. 83, t. 2, fig. 8-9 (1903); in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 47, t. 122 (1907). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, cliffs, alt. 300-600 m., March 26 and May 24, 1907 (No. Boi). Subsect. BRACTEATAE Hook. f. & Thoms. Lonicera mitis Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 50 (1907); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. VI. 271 (1909). Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, uplands, alt. 3600- 3900 m. (No. 4139) • As the mature leaves and fruits of this species have not been described, their description may be given here: Leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, acutish or ob- tuse and mucronulate, broadly cuneate at the base, 2-3 cm. long and 8-15 mm. broad, minutely velvety on both sides, margin revolute, dark green above, netted with paler veins, paler green beneath and reticulate; petioles 1-2 cm. long, puberu- lous. Fruits on very short peduncles 1-3 mm. long, ovoid, longer than the bracts deciduous at maturity, bluish black, usually with 3-8 seeds; seeds irregularly triangular-oblong, lustrous, dark brown, 4.5 mm. long. This and L. cyanocarpa Franchet are so far the only species known of the Brac- teatae which have blue or bluish black fruits. Lonicera cyanocarpa, of which the flowers are unknown, is apparently closely related, but easily distinguished by the narrower and somewhat larger coriaceous leaves, setulose-ciUate on the margin and by the ovate-lanceolate acuminate and ciliate bracts. When in fruit L. mitis looks in general appearance so much hke L. coerulea that it might be taken for that species if it were not for the distinct berries. Lonicera setifera Franchet, var. truUifera Rehder, n. var. Folia quam in typo majora, 6-12 cm. longa petiolis basi valde dila- tatis oppositis connatis et cupulam oblongam subtus manifeste triner- vem interdum plus quam 1 cm. latam et 2.5 cm. longam formantibus. Western Szech'uan: near summit of Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2700 m., June 20, 1908 (No. 902=*). The leaves of this variety have the same coarse dentation, a very unusual feat- ure in the genus, as those of the type from Yunnan, but are nearly twice as large. As long as the type and this variety are known from a single collection each, it can- not be decided whether the peculiar dilated petioles are an essential feature of the variety or may also occur on vigorous branches of the type. Lonicera subdentata Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus 1-3 m. altus ramuhs glabris, annotinis pallide brun- neis V. griseo-brunneis cortice laevi. Gemmae perulis exterioribus 2 acutis circa 5 mm. longis. Folia decidua, oblongo-ovata v. elliptico- oblonga, acuminata, basi late cuneata v. rotundata, Integra v. utrin- que 1-3 dentibus latis obtusisque, 5-9 cm. longa et 2.5-4 cm. lata, CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — LONICERA 137 papyracca, supra obscure viridia pilis setosis adpressis paucis conspersa, subtus glaucescentia et hirsuta, utrinsecus 5-6-costata; petioli sparse setosi, 4 mm. longi. Flores desiderantur. Baccae ovoideae, rubrae, sparse setosae in pcdunculis 5 mm. longis setosis et sparse glandulosis e basi innovationum orientibus; bracteae oblongo-ovatae, acutae, 1 cm. longae, setoso-ciliatae, ceterum glabrae; calycis dentes ovati, inaequales, plerumque obtusi, 2-3 mm. longi, setoso-ciliati ; semina late oblonga, 5-6 mm. longa, compressa, flavescentia, testa laevi. Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2400- 2700 m, July 1908 (No. 902). Lonicera subdentata seems most nearly related to the preceding species and to L. scabrida Franchet, but both these species have the branchlets furnished with reflexed setose hairs. Lonicera praecox Rehder, which is somewhat similar in fohage and in its glabrous branchlets, is easily distinguished by the winter-buds having several outer roundish scales and by the glabrous ovaries. Lonicera hispida Pallas apud Roemer & Schultes, Sijst. V. 258 (1819). Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien,- alt. 2700-3000 m., June 24, 1908 (No. 1855); Ta-p'ao-shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2700-3000 m., June 8, 1908 (No. 1853); Sung- pan, grass land, alt. 2700-3000 m., August 1910 (No. 4010). None of these specimens represent the type of the species; No. 1855 resembles in the shape of the leaves, bracts and corolla L. chaetocarpa, but the leaves are nearly and the ovaries quite glabrous, while No. 1853 consists of two slightly differ- ing specimens resembling in foliage and shape of corolla somewhat L. vaccinioides Rehder, but the leaves, particularly on the upper surface, are sparingly hairy, the corolla is larger and the ovaries densely glandular in one specimen and glandular and setose in the other. Lonicera chaetocarpa Rehder, n. sp. Lonicera hispida var. chaetocarpa Batalin apud Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bat. Gard. XIV. 94 (1903). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2400 m., July and October 1908 (No. 942); upland thicket around Tachien-lu, alt. 2400- 3400 m., October 1908 (Nos. 1077, 1854); Mupin, upland thickets, alt. 3000 m., October 1908 (No. 1077^), thickets, alt. 2100-2500 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1857); upland thickets, alt. 2700 m., October 1910 (No. 4230); Wa-shan, cliffs, alt. 3000 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3754). In habit and in its general appearance this species differs markedly from typical L. hispida Pallas, of which it has been considered a variety. It is easily distinguished by the setose and glandular ovary, the larger and wider corolla prominently saccate 138 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA at the base, the larger bracts, the larger leaves, hirsute on both sides and grajdsh green beneath, and by the hirsute pubescence of the whole plant. Lonicera praecox Rehder, n. comb. Caprifolium praecox Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Plant. I. 274 (1891). Lonicera infundibulum Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. 315 (1896). Western Hupeh: Chang-yang Hsien, roadsides, alt., 1000-1500 m., April 1907 (No. 1856); Fang Hsien, rare, alt. 1600-1700 m., June 15, 1910 (No. 4006). Subsect. ALPiGENAE Rehd. Lonicera mupinensis Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus, 1.5-6 m. altus ramulis junioribus sparse stipitato- glandulosis mox glabrescentibus v. fere glabris, ramis vetustioribus cinereis fibrosis. Gemmae circa 1 cm. longae, perulis 8-10 exterioribus scariosis lanceolatis acuminatis, interioribus accrescentibus foliaceis omnibus sub anthesi erectis longe persistentibus instructae. Folia ellip- tico-oblonga v. oblonga v. obovato-oblonga, acuminata, basi late cuneata, inferiora interdum rotundata, 6-12 cm. longa et 2.5-5.5 lata, dense molliter ciliata, supra laete viridia, initio sparse pilosa, demum fere glabra, subtus pallide viridia, ad venas venulasque pilosa, inter- dum glabrescentia, basin versus plerumque sparse glandulosa, utrinse- cus 6-7-costata; petioli 5-8 mm. longi, sparse v. interdum densius glandulosi et sparse breviter pilosi, demum glabrescentia. Flores bini pedunculis stipitato-glandulosis v. fere glabris apice incrassatis 3.5- 5 cm. longis insidentes; bracteae subulatae, glanduloso-ciliatae, ovaria disjuncta duplo v. fere duplo superantes; bracteolae liberae v. anteriora basi tantum connata, glanduloso-ciliatae, ovatae, obtusae, ovariis dimidio breviores v. et oblongae ovariis triplo breviores; corolla bila- biata, 1.5 cm. longa, extus glabra, atropurpurea, tubus manifests gibbosus, intus dense pilosus, limbo paullo brevior, labium superius 4-lobum lobis ovatis rotundatis brevibus; stamina limbo paullo brevi- ora filamentis basi pilosa excepta glabris quam antherae anguste ob- longae longioribus; stylus stamina subaequans, infra medium pilosus. Baccae rubrae, subglobosae, 8-10 mm. diam., seminibus plerumque 2-3, ovoideis leviter compressis flavido-albidis laevibus nitidulis. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1800-2400 m., June and October 1908 (No. 861, in part); alt. 2700-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4225); near Wa-shan, woodlands and thickets, alt. 2100-2700 m., June and September 15, 1908 (No. 861, in part), alt. 2700-3000 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3741). ^ CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — LONICERA 139 This species forms with L. Webbiana Wallich, L. heterophylla Decaisne, L. heteroloba Batalin, L. tatsienensis Franchet, and L. perulata Rehder a group of very closely related species. The first differs chiefly in the glandular pubescence, pale flowers and broader not acuminate partly reflexed bud-scales; L. heterophylla in the quite glabrous foliage; L. heteroloba and L. tatsienensis differ in the smaller re- flexed bud-scales, in the smaller leaves being pilose on the whole under surface and usually rounded at the base and in the shorter bracts; L. perulata is easily distin- guished by its numerous obtuse bud-scales. From all these species L. mupinensis differs in its upright lanceolate acuminate bud-scales; in the shape of the leaves and in the amount of pubescence it seems rather variable. Lonicera tatsienensis Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. 313 (1896). Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2100-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 1870), August 1910 (No. 4037), Octo- ber 1910 (No. 4319). One of Wilson's specimens under No. 1870 has part of the leaves deeply and irregularly lobed, but agrees otherwise with the type; another specimen under the same number and No. 4319 differ in their nearly glabrous and broader leaves. Lonicera Hemsleyana Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. XIV. 112 (1903). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, cHffs, rare, alt. 1800 m.. May 1907 (No. 1871). No. 1871 differs from the type in the leaves being loosely pubescent beneath and sometimes rounded at the base, in the shorter cupule and in the style being glabrous near the apex. Subsect. RHODANTHAE Maxim . Lonicera modesta Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, IL 49 (1907). Kiangsi: Ruling, alt. 1200 m., July 2, 1907 (Nos. 1658, 1658'^). Lonicera modesta, var. lushanensis Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit foliis ovalibus v. oblongis, glabris v. fere glabris. Kiangsi: Kuhng, Lushan Mountains, side of streams, common, alt. 1200 m. (Nos. 1657, type, 1655, 1656). This variety seems rather variable in pubescence and shape of the leaves; No. 1657 has the young branchlets villous and the midrib on both surfaces of the leaves and also the peduncles and bractlets pubescent; the leaves are oval to elliptic. No. 1655 is nearly glabrous except a few hairs on the petioles, the peduncles and on the branchlets just below the nodes; the leaves are elliptic to ovate-lanceolate and often acute. No. 1656 has the pubescence of the preceding specimen, but the leaves are narrowly elliptic or oblong and obtuse or acutish. Lonicera retusa Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. 313 (1896). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 49, t. 123 (1907). 140 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA West ern Szech'uan: near Mong-kong Ting, thickets, side of river, alt. 2400-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 1877). No. 1877 differs from the tj'pe in its generally narrowly elliptic, obtuse or acutish, not retuse, leaves. Lonicera nervosa Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIV. 39 (1877). Western Szech'uan: Ta-p'ao-shan, northeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2700-3600 m., July 1908 (No. 1880); northeast of Sungpan, woodlands, alt. 2700-3000 m., August 1910 (No. 401 1). Lonicera lanceolata Wallich in Roxburgh,FZ.7nd.ed.2, II. 177 (1824). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, woods, common, alt. 2100-2700 m., June and September 1908 (No. 927); Mupin, woods, alt. 2300 m., September 1908 (No. 927^^); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, woods, alt. 2200-2300 m., June and September 1908 (No. 1881). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2200 m., September 1907 (No. 304). No. 304 from Hupeh differs from the type in its glabrous leaves. Sect. 3. COELOXYLOSTEUM Subsect. OCHRANTHAE Rehd. Lonicera Koehneana Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 41, t. 21 (1902). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, common, alt. 1200-1800 m.. May and July 1907 (No. 93): Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 1500-2100 m., May and July 1907 (No. 93=^); Hsing-shan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500-2300 m., June and July 1907 (No. 98), June 12, 1910 (No. 4478); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2300 m., August 1907 (No. 198). Lonicera Maackii Maximowicz, var. podocarpa Franchet apud Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. XIV. 141 (1903). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, common, alt. 900-1500 m., May 5 and August 1907 (No. 194); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 900 m., October 1907 (No. 412); South Wushan, thickets, alt. 1200 m., October 1907 (No. 457). Chekiang: Ningpo, D. Macgregor. Lonicera deflexicalyx Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XII. 173 (1892). Western Szech'uan: W^a-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. — LONICERA 141 2400-2700 m., July and August 1908 (No. 8o8): near Wa-shan, thick- ets, alt. 2700 m., September 14, 1908 (No. 8o8^); Mupin, thickets, alt. 2400-3000 m., June and September 1908 (No. 856, in part), October 1910 (No. 4293); Nin-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2500 m., June 1907 (No. 1852); Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2400-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4179). Lonicera trichosantha Bureau & Franchet in Jour, de Bot. V. 48 (1891). Lonicera ovalis Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIV. 170 (1895). Western Szech'uan: around Tachien-lu, alt. 2400-3000 m., June and September 1908 (Nos. 856% 856*^), October 1910 (No. 856, in part) . No. SoG** differs in the leaves being slightly pubescent on both surfaces and more densely on the midrib beneath. Lonicera prostrata Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, II. 50 (1907); in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. VI. 275 (1909). Western Szech'uan: near Sungpan Ting (type locahty), alt. 3000-3500 m., August and October 1910 (No. 4044); Mupin, prostrate over loamy bank, alt. 2700-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4227). Sect. 4. NINTOOA DC. Subsect. BREViFLORAE Rehd. Lonicera crassifolia Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XII. 172 (1892). Western Szech'uan: near Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1200 m., June 1908 (No. 1878). Lonicera alseuosmoides Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 594 (1901). Western Szech'uan: near Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., September 18, 1908 (No. 938); Chito near Tachien-lu, thickets, very rare, alt. 3000 m., July 26, 1908 (No. 1882). Lonicera Henryi Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 363 (1888). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, abundant, alt. 1200-1800 m., July and September 1907 (No. 254, in part); Chang- lo Hsien, common, alt. 1200-1800 m., July 1907 (No. 254, in part); Fang Hsien, common, alt. 1200-1400 m., July 1907 (No. 254, in part); South Wushan, alt. 1200-1800 m., July 1907 (No. 254, in part) ; Pa- tung Hsien, thickets, abundant, alt. 1200-1400 m., June 1907 (No. 254, in part); Hsing-shan Hsien, common, alt. 1200-1800 m., July 142 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 1907 (No. 254, in part). Western Szech'uan: near Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2300 m., June 1908 (No. 1879, in part). Lonicera Henryi, var. subcoriacea Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit foliis subcoriaceis nitidulis majoribus ovato-oblongis 6-10 cm. longis et 2.5-^ cm. latis omnino glabris costa media supra strigillosa excepta. Ramuli in parte superiore dense strigillosi, in in- feriore plerumque glabri; petioli dense strigillosi, pedunculi hirti, bracteae bracteolaeque ciliatae; flores 2 cm. longi, tubo quam limbus longiore. Western Szech'uan: Yung-ching Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800-2100 m., September 1910 (No. 4097); Wa-ssu country, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 1200-1800 m., July 1908 (No. 1879, in part) ; near Mong-kong Ting, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., June 18, 1908 (No. 1879, in part). In the shape of the fohage this variety resembles very much L. fuchsioides Hemsley, but that species is easily distinguished by the perfectly glabrous branch- lets and inflorescence, by the larger flowers and by the looser and more elongated terminal inflorescence. No. 1879 forms a transition to the type, as the leaves of the lateral flowering branchlete are narrower, often slightly ciliate, and pubescent on the midrib beneath. Subsect. LONGIFLORAE Rchd. Lonicera similis Hemsley, var. Delavaj^ Rehder n. var. Lonicera Delavayi Franchet in Jour, de Bot. X. 301 (1896). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1800 m., October 1907 (No. 589); July 1907 (No. 1869). Western Szech'uan: Hung- ya Hsien, sandstone boulders, alt. 300-1200 m., June and September 1908 (No. 936). Lonicera Delavayi differs from L. similis only in the absence of the pubescence, and as many specimens are intermediate between the two in the amount of pu- bescence, it seems more natural to treat L. Delavayi only as a glabrous or gla- brescent variety of L. similis. Lonicera japonica Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 89 (1784). Western Hupeh: around Ichang, common, alt. 300-600 m.. May and July 1907 (No. 1875). Chekiang: Ningpo, D. Macgregor. Subgen. 2. PERICLYMENUM L. Subsect. PHENiANTHi Rehd. Lonicera subaequalis Rehder in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. XIV. 172 (1903). CAPKIFOLIACEAE. — LONICERA 143 Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1500-1800 m., June 1908 (No. 940). The fruits, which have not yet been described, are subglobose, about 7 mm. in diameter and red; the seeds elUpsoid, about 2 mm. long, whitish, with finely reticu- late testa. Subsect. EUCAPRiFOLiA Spach. Lonicera tragophylla Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 367 (1888). — Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, I. 91, t. 40 (1903). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, common, alt. 1200-1800 m., August 1907 (No. 346, in part); Patung Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1100-1800 m., June 1908 (No. 346, in part); Hsing- shan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 900-1800 m., June 1908 (No. 346, in part). Here may be added some further notes on Chinese Loniceras, based on other than Wilson's recently collected material. Lonicera pileata Oliver, var. linearis Rehder, n. var. Folia linearia v. lineari-oblonga, obtusa, membranacea, palUde viridia, 1-2.5 cm. longa et 2-4 mm. lata; corolla extus fere glabra, modice gibbosa; stamina pauUo exserta. Yunnan: Szemeo, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (No. 11800). A very distinct variety, chiefly diSering from the type in the very narrow, mem- branaceous, light green leaves. Lonicera fragrantissima Lindley & Paxton, Flow. Gard. III. 75, fig. 268 (1852). Kwangtung: Ningpo, D. Macgregor. If this specimen has been really collected from a wild plant, as it appears to have been, it would settle the question of its habitat, as L. fragrantissima has been known only as a cultivated plant. Lonicera montigena Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus, circa 5 decim. altus, ramulis junioribus breviter pubescentibus glandulis et piUs setosis reflexis interspersis. Gemmae acutae, 5-6 mm. longae, palHde brunneae, peruUs 2 exterioribus. Folia oblonga, acuta, basi late cuneata, supra pilis laxe adpressis obtecta, subtus densius pilosa, utrinque insuper minute pubescentia glandulosaque, 1.5 cm. longa et 0.5 cm. lata (nondum perfecte evo- luta); petioli minute pubescentes, glandulosi, sparse hirsuti. Flores bini in pe- dunculis brevibus nutantibus minute pubescentibus glandulosisque e basi inno- vationum orientibus; bracteae orbiculari-ovatae, obtusae, 12 mm. longae, minute pubescentes glandulosaeque marginem versus pilis longioribus instructae; bracte- olae nullae; ovaria ovoidea, libera, 3 mm. alta, calyce cupuUformi dimidia ovaria vix aequante ut apex ovariorum glandulis stipitatis et pilis paucis setosis instructo; corolla infundibuliformis, 23 mm. longa, tubo gracili basi saccato supra medium ampliato, lobis patentibus, late ovatis, 6 mm. longis, extus dense pubescens et glandulosa, intus infra medium pilis sparsis brevibus praedita; stamina paullo infra medium affixa, filamentis 3 mm. longis, glabris, antheris quam filamenta paullo longioribus, oblongis, limbo paullo brevioribus; stylus glaber, corollam subaequans. Fructus desiderantur. Szech'uan: alt. 4000 m., June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 375°, in part). 144 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Allied to L. hispida Pallas, which differs chiefly in the larger winter-buds, in the absence of the glandular pubescence on the leaves, bracts and branchlets, in the larger corolla only sparingly hairy outside, in the filaments being longer than the anthers and in the pilose style. Lonicera nubigena Rehder, distributed under the same number, is easily distinguished by its much shorter corolla, the tube being only 1 cm. long, the anthers not exceeding the mouth and the style only half as long as the tube: it is a lower and more densely branched shrub and more alpine in its general aspect than L. montigena. Lonicera Tatarinovii Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, IX. 138 {Prim. Fl. Amur.) (1859). Lonicera leptantha Rehder in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. VI. 274 (1909). Chili: Weichang, 1910, W. Purdom (No. 82). Shenking: no locality, June 27, 1906, F. N. Meyer (No. 42). Core a: Quelpaert, Hallaisan, alt. 1800-2000 m., June and July 1907, U. Faurie (Nos. 1843, 1844). The form from Corea which I recently described as L. leptantha cannot be spe- cifically separated from L. Tatarinovii, as a comparison with good flowering material recently received from ChiU shows; it is hardly different enough to be separated as a variety. The ovaries of the species are usually two-thirds connate, occasion- ally only at the base, and the bractlets are connate into a cupula, not distinct, as stated in my Synopsis of the genus. Lonicera affinis Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Voy. Beechey, 264 (1841). Fokien: without locality, April to June 1905, S. T. Dunn (Herb. Hongkong Bot. Gard. No. 2777). Lonicera affinis, var. pubescens Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg XXIV. 37; in Mel. Biol. X. 58 (1877). Fokien: without locality, April to June 1905, S. T. Dunn (Herb. Hongkong Bot. Gard. No. 2778). DIERVILLA L. DiervUla japonica De Canclolle, Prodr. IV. 330 (1830). D. florihunda Forbes & Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 369 (not Siebold & Zuccarini) (1888). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 900- 2300 m., May, June and December 1907 (No. 762); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 900-1800 m., May and June 1907 (Nos. 2916, 2917, 20l8\ PUBLICATIONS OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM, No. 4 PLANTAE WILSONIANAE AN ENUMERATION OF THE WOODY PLANTS COLLECTED IN WESTERN CHINA FOR THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY DURING THE YEARS 1907, 1908, AND 1910 BY E. H. WILSON EDITED BY CHARLES SPRAGUE SARGENT Part II Issued, April 30, 1912 CAMBRIDGE THE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1912 PLANTAE WILSONIANAE, Part IL Issued April 30, 1912 Saxepragaceae page Philadelphus by E. Koehne 145 Deutzia by Alfred Rehder . 146 Hydrangea by Alfred Rehder 150 Pilostegia by Alfred Rehder 151 Decumaria by Alfred Rehder 152 Ribes by Alfred Rehder 152 ROSACEAE Cotoneaster by Alfred Rehder and E. H. Wilson .... 154 Pyracantha by E. H. Wilson 177 Crataegus by C. S. Sargent 178 Osteomeles by E. H. Wilson 184 Photinia by Alfred Rehder and E. H. Wilson 184 Stranvaesia by Alfred Rehder and E. H. Wilson .... 192 Eriobotrya by Alfred Rehder and E. H. Wilson .... 193 Amelanchier by E. H. Wilson 195 Prunus by E. Koehne 196 Flacourtiaceae by E. H. Wilson Xylosma 283 Carrieria 284 Idesia 284 PoliothjTsis 285 Itoa 286 Stachyuraceae by Alfred Rehder Stachyurus 287 Styracaceae by Alfred Rehder Styrax 289 Alniphyllum . 294 Pterostyrax 295 Oleaceae Syringa by Camillo Schneider 297 Forsythia by Alfred Rehder 302 BiGNONiACEAE by Alfred Rehder Campsis 303 Amphicome 303 Catalpa 303 Caprifoliaceae by Alfred Rehder Sambucus 306 Viburnum 309 Leycesteria 311 SAXIFRAGACEAE.i PHILADELPHUS L.^ Determined by E. Koehne. To complete the account of this genus pubhshed on p. 4-6, the deter- minations of a few additional specimens, chiefly from Wilson's journey during 1910, are here inserted. Philadelphus Magdalenae Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 83 (1904). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 369 (1905). Western Szech'uan: uplands around Tachien-lu, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4334, 4387; bush 2-4 m.). Philadelphus Wilsonii Koehne. See p. 4. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thick- ets, alt. 2700-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4297; bush 3 m.); uplands around Tachien-lu, alt. 3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4384). Philadelphus incanus Koehne. See p. 5. Philadelphus incanus, var. Sargentianus Koehne in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. X. 126 (1911). Forma hupehensis Koehne, I. c. Western Hupeh: without precise locality, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 833). Forma kulingensis Koehne, 1. c. 127. Kiang-si: Kuling, thickets, common, alt. 1300 m., July 23, 1007 (No. 1669). Philadelphus sericanthus Koehne in Gartenfl. XLV. 561 (1896.) — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 370, fig. 236 p, 237 m-o (1906). Western Szech'uan: Taning Hsien, thickets, alt. 1300 m., June 1910 (No. 4496; bush 3 m., flowers white). Philadelphus sericanthus, var. Rehderianus Koehne in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. X. 127 (1911). Western Szech'uan: around Sungpan, upland thickets, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4325; bush 3-4 m.) * See also p. 4. 145 146 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA DEUTZIA Thunb.i Determined by Alfred Rehder. After the publication of my Synopsis of the Chinese Deutzias (see p. 15-25) I had the opportunity of examining the material of this genus in the Herbarium of the Museum d' Histoire Naturelle at Paris, where I found several undescribed species; and a further examination of our unnamed specimens of the Henry col- lection resulted in bringing to hght several Deutzias, three of which proved to be undescribed. The descriptions of these new species and varieties are published here as a supplement to my Synopsis of this genus. 7. Deutzia pilosa Rehder. See p. 18. Deutzia pilosa, var. ochrophloeos Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit pilis simpUcibus v. fasciculatis patentibus ramulorum inflores- centiaeque brevioribus et pallidioribus flavidis, foliis paullo longius petiolatis densius pubescentibus supra pihs plerumque 5-radiatis subtus plermnque 6-radiati3, rarius 7-radiatis conspersis, corymbis plurifloris, dentibus staminum exteriorum antheram non superantibus. Kwei-chau: Kwei-yang, "mont du College 5,1a cascade," May 18, 1898, E. Bodinier (No. 2216, in Herb. Mus. Paris). This variety differs from the type chiefly in the shorter and paler yellowish pubescence, in the hairs of the lower sm-face having generally 6 rays and in the larger inflorescence. No. 2216 is represented in the Herb. Mus. Paris by two specimens, one having broader ovate leaves, the largest being 6 cm. long and 4 cm. broad, the other having smaller ovate-oblong leaves. Sb. Deutzia cinerascens Rehder, n. sp. Frutex ramulis erectis; ramuh hornotini stellato-pilosi, annotini fusci, glabri; gemmae parvae, stellato-pilosae. FoUa decidua, crassiuscula, ovata v. ovato- oblonga, longe acuminata, basi rotundata v. subcordata, denticulato-serrulata, 3-9 cm. longa et 1.5-3.5 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, subrugulosa, pilis plerum- que 5-, rarius 6-radiatis aspera, subtus cinereo-viridia, elevato-reticulata, villoso- tomentosa, piUs 5-6-radiatis radio centraU instructis obtecta, nervis utrinsecus 6-8; petioU stellato-pilosi, 3-5 mm. longi. Inflorescentiae corymbosae, multi- florae, pube homomorpha vestitae, bracteis purpurascentibus institutae, ter- minalis ad 10 cm. diam., sessiUs, foliosa, laterales minores, plerumque pedunculatae in apice ramuloriun foliorum v. interdum brevissimorum aphyllorum; pedicelli 1-2 nun. longi; flores parvi, albi; calycis tubus ut dentes dense pube homomorpha vestitus, dentes triangulari-ovati v. oblongo-ovati, acuti v. acuminulati, tubum dimidium paullo superantes, 1-1.5 mm. longi, purpuras centes; petala ovato- oblonga, margine erosa, extus stellato-pilosa, 4 mm. longa; stamina petalis dimidio breviora, erecta, subaequilonga, filamentis alatis, exterioribus apice bidentatia dentibus quam anthera brevissime stipitata brevioribus, interioribus hneari- oblongis antheram circa medium affixam gerentibus et superantibus v. earn infra apicem gerentibus et ea paullo brevioribus, apice obtusiuscula v. erosa v. obsolete bidentata; styli 3, 2.5 mm. longi, stamina subaequantes. Capsula desideratm-. Kwei-chau: gorges of the river Hoa-kiang, April 22, 1897, E. Bodinier (No. 1569, in Herb. Mus. Paris); near Hoang-ko-ch'ou (Tchen-lin), April 1898, J. Liguin {E. Bodinier, No. 1569, in Herb. Mus. Paris). » See also p. 6. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA 147 Allied to D. setchiienensis Franchet which differs in its narrower thinner leaves rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, not rugulose above, greenish and not reti- culate beneath and more closely and less densely pubescent, in its shorter broadly triangular and not purple calyx-teeth and in the larger flowers. 8c. Deutzia Bodinieri Rehder, n. sp. Frutex parvus ramis erectis gracilibus fuscis, hornotinis sparse stellato-pilosis; gemmae parvae, pauci-perulatae, stellato-pilosae. FoUa chartacea, subpersistentia, ovato-oblonga v. ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, basi late cuneata, argute v. crenato- eerrulata dentibus fere accumbentibus, 4-8 cm. longa et 1.8-3 cm. lata, subcon- coloria, supra pilis 3-5-, plerumque 4-radiatis, subtus pilis 4-6-, plerumque 5- radiatis laxe conspersa, nervis utrinsecus circiter 5 subtus elevatis; petioli 3-4 mm. longi, sparse stellato-pilosi. Inflorescentia corymbosa, 5-9-flore, laxa, pedunculo graciU 1.5-2 cm. longo insidens, bracteis lineari-lanceolatis instructa, sparse stel- lato-pilosa; pedicelli graciles, 3-8 mm. longi; calycis tubus ut dentes dense albido- Btellato tomentosus, dentes purpuras centes, triangulari-ovati, acuti, dimidium tubum paullo superantes; petala ovato-oblonga, extus stellato-tomentosa, alba, 5-7 mm. longa; stamina petalis triente breviora, subaequilonga, exteriora filamentis apice bidentatis dentibus obtusis anthera breviter stipitata paullo brevioribus, interiora filamentis lineari-oblongis apice obtusis v. irregulariter erosis v. denticu- latis antheram circa medium affixam gerentibus; styli plerumque 4, 2-3 mm. longi. Capsula matura deest. Kwei-chau: steep river-banks, one day's journey from Hin-y-tien, April 11, 1897, E. Bodinier (No. 1540, in Herb. Mus. Paris). Most nearly related to D. Fargesii Franchet and D. setchuenensis Franchet; the first differs in its thicker, chartaceous and denticulate leaves, nearly glabrous above and furnished beneath with hairs having 6-7 rays and in the much larger and looser inflorescence, while D. setchuenensis is distinguished by the denser pubes- cence, the denticulate leaves bearing on the lower surface hairs with usually 6 rays and a central ray, and by the larger inflorescence; D. setchuenensis var. longidentata Rehder, which resembles D. Bodinieri in the serration and pubescence of the leaves except that the hairs beneath have sometimes 7 or 8 rays, differs further in the elongated teeth of the filaments. 8d. Deutzia lancifolia Rehder, n. sp. Frutex ramis erectis gracilibus; ramuli hornotini laxe stellato-pilosi, annotini glabrescentes fusco-castanei cortice detersiU; gemmae parvae, stellato-pilosae. Foha chartacea, subpersistentia, anguste lanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata, serrulato-denticulata, 3-6 cm. longa et 0.5-1 cm. lata, supra obscure luteo-viridia, sparse pilis plerumque 4-radiatis conspersa, subtus pallidiora, pilis plerumque 5- radiatis, interdum 4-, rarius 6-radiatis conspersa, utrinsecus nervis 4-5 subtus vix elevatis; petioU 1-2 mm. longi, stellato-pilosi. Inflorescentia corymbosa, 3-5-flora, pedunculo graciU 1.5-3 cm. longo insidens, stellato-pilosa; pedicelli graciles, 4-8 mm. longi; calyx extus stellato-pilosus dentibus triangularibus dimidium tubmn Bubaequantibus; petala ovato-oblonga, extus stellato-pilosa, alba, margine erosa, 8-10 mm. longa; stamina petalis triente breviora, exteriora filamentis apice biden- tatis dentibus elongatis antheram brevissime stipitatam subaequantibus, interiora filamentis lineari-oblongis, apice obsolete incisis v. erosis antheram breviter stipi- tatam circa medium gerentibus; styU 3, 2 mm. longi. Capsula matura desideratur. Kwei-chau: around Kwei-yang, "mont du College," end of April 1S98, J. Chaffanjan {E. Bodinier, No. 2223, in Herb. Mus. Paris). Easily distinguished from the alUed species by the very narrow leaves; its nearest relation is apparently with D. setchuenensis, var. longidentata Rehder, which differs in its broader membraneous leaves with the stellate haira beneath having 148 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA usually 6 rays and in the longer teeth of the filaments. Deutzia Fargesii Franchet is easily distinguished by the broader less finely serrate leaves with the stellate hairs beneath having generally 6 to 7 rays and by the many-flowered inflorescence. 106. Deutzia crassifolia Rehder, n. sp. Frutex metralis ramis ut videtur erectis; ramuli hornotini sparse stellato-pilosi, annotini glabri v. glabrescentes, purpureo-fusci, epidermate lameUis tenuibus decorticante; gemmae parvae, perulis pluribus ovatis mucronato-acuminatis stellato-pilosis. Folia breviter petiolata, coriacea, persistentia, ovata v. oblongo- ovata, rarius oblongo-lanceolata, longe acuminata, basi rotundata v. subcordata, denticulato-serrulata v. denticulata, demum margine revoluto, 3.5-5 cm. longa et 1-2.5 cm. lata, supra laete viridia, rugosa et pilis 4-5-radiatis conspersa, sub- tus palUdiora pilis 5-6-, rarius 7-radiatis conspersa, nervis utrinsecus 5-6 supra impressis subtus elevatis;' petioU 1-3 mm. longi, stellato-pilosi. Inflorescen- tiae corymbosae compactae, plerumque 9-florae, terminales et axillares, dense steUato-pilosae, breviter pedunculatae et ramulis brevibus foliosis v. brevissimis foliis bracteiformibus tantum institutis insidentes; calyx extus stellato-pilosus, dentibus triangularibus 1.5 cm. longis tubum dimidium vix aequantibus; petala ovali-ovata, apice cucullata, 6 mm. longa, alba, extus stellato-pilosa; stamina subaequilonga petalis pauUo breviora, filamentis late alatis, exterioribus apice bidentatis dentibus antheram breviter stipitatam aequantibus v. paullo superanti- bus, interioribus lineari-oblongis antheram breviter stipitatam circa medium affixam gerentibus; styli 3, staminibus breviora, 2.5 mm. longa. Capsula matura desideratur. Yunnan: Mengtze, north mts., alt. 2000 m., A. Henry (No. 10978, m Herb. Arnold Arboretum). Most nearly related to D. coriacea Rehder, which is easily distinguished by it3 spinosely dentate leaves glabrous and smooth above and borne on longer petioles. Deutzia crassifolia, var. humilis Rehder, n. var. A typo recedit praecipue foliis angustioribus minoribus, inflorescentiis pauci- floris filamentis angustioribus. Frutex humilis ramis divaricatis brevibus ; ramuli annotini castaneo-brunnei. Folia coriacea, persistentia, oblongo-lanceolata v. oblonga, longe acuminata, basi late cuneata, 2.5-4.5 cm. longa et 0.6-1.3 cm. lata, remote denticulato-serrulata, margine revoluto, luteo-viridia, subconcoloria, supra pihs 4-5-radiatis sparsis immersis conspersa, subtus pilis 5-7-, plerumque 6-radiati3 laxe conspersa, nervis utrinsecus circiter 5 supra impressis subtus obsoletis; petioli 2 mm. longi, stellato-pilosi. Inflorescentiae axillares et terminales, 1-5-florae, stellato-pilosae, pedunculo pedicellisque brevissimis; calyx dense stellato-pilosus, dentibus late triangularibus dimidio tubo paullo v. vix brevioribus; petala oblonga, 6 mm. longa, alba; stamina petalis triente breviora, filamentis exterioribus apice bidentatis dentibus lanceolatis antheram breviter stipitatam superantibus, interiori- bus anguste lanceolatis interdum apice bifidis antheram circa medium affixam gerentibus; styli 3, 3 mm. longi. Yunnan: Muang-Ii, March 15, 1895, Prince Henri d' Orleans (in Herb. Mus. Paris). A low divaricately branched slirub smaller in every part than the type. 116, Deutzia Henryi Rehder, n. sp. Frutex divaricatus fere bimetralis; ramuli hornotini stellato-pilosi, fusco-brun- nei. Folia chartacea subpersistentia(?), elliptico-ovata v. ovato-oblonga, acuminata, basi rotundata, denticulato-serrat a dentibus angustis callosis, 4-9 cm. longa et 2-4.5 cm. lata, supra laete viridia, pilis 4-5-radiatis sparsis conspersa, subtus palHde viridia, pilis 5-6-radiatis laxe conspersa, nervis utrinsecus 4-6 subtus elevatis; petioli SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DEUTZIA 149 2-4 mm. longi, stellato-pilosi. Inflorescentia corymbosa, pluriflora, stollato-pilosa, breviter pedunculata; calyx ut pcdicelli breves extus dense stellato-pilosus dentibus late triangularibus dimidium tubum subaequantibus; petala late oblonga, 6-7 mm. longa, alba, extus stellato-pilosa; stamina petalis triente v. fere dimidio breviora, filamentis exterioribus apice bidentatis dentibus elongatis acutiusculis antheram breviter stipitatam subaequantibus v. paullo superantibus, interioribus lanceolatis antheram circa medium affixam gerentibus; styli 3, staminibus paullo breviores, 3 mm. longi. Capsula matura desideratur. Yunnan: Szemao, mountain forests, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (No. 10786, in Herb. Arnold Arboretum.) Most nearly related to D. Fargesii Franchet, which differs in its narrower and smaller leaves glabrous above and with the hairs beneath having 6-7 rays and in the much larger and looser inflorescence. The inflorescence of D. Henryi is borne on short branclilets with undeveloped leaves springing from the end of shoots with mature leaves, rarely axillary; this would tend to show that the foliage is persistent and that the flowers appear very early in spring, but the whole appearance of foliage and inflorescence suggests more a case of abnormal autumnal flowermg. 196. Deutzia aspera Rehdfer, n. sp. Frutex ramis robustis erectis; ramuli hornotini annotinique verrucis in apice pilos stellatos gerentibus dense obsiti ideoque asperi; gemmae perulis lanceolatis acuminatis parce stellato-pilosis v. exterioribus fere glabris. Folia decidua, ovato- oblonga v. elliptico-ovata, acuminata, basi late cuneata, rarius rotundata, argute eerrulata, 3-5 cm. longa et 1.5-2 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, venis venulisque impressis et pilis sparsis 4-6-radiatis conspersa, subtus viridia, sparsissime pilis 8-10-radiatis et papillis crebris praedita, nervis utrinsecus 5-6 subtus elevatis; petioli cLrciter 5 mm. longi, stellato-pilosi. Inflorescentia corymbosa, convexa, multiflora, dense verrucosa ut ramuli, in apice ramulorum elongatorum sessilis; flores desunt. Capsula pedicello 5-8 mm. longo circa medium bracteas lineari- lanceolatas gerenti insidens, subglobosa, pilis stellatis minutis obtecta, circiter 5 mm. diam., calyce stylisque persistentibus coronata; calycis dentes lanceolatae, acuminatae, 2.5 mm. longae; styU plerumque 4, rarius 3, circiter 3 mm. longi. Yunnan: south of Red River from Manmei, alt. 2000 m., A. Henry (No. 9475, in Herb. Arnold Arboretum). Most nearly related to D. discolor Hemsley, but easily distinguished from that species and its allies by the leaves being only sparingly furnished with stellate hairs beneath and therefore green, and by the rough branchlets. In its sparingly pubescent leaves it resembles D. purpurascens (Franchet) Rehder, which differs in its steUate hairs having only 5 to 7 rays. 22 b. Deutzia calycosa Rehder, n. sp. Frutex erectus ramis satis robustis; ramuli hornotini initio sparse stellato-pilosi, mox glabrescentes, purpureo-brunnei, annotini epidermate lamellis tenuibus decorticante; gemmae perulis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis stellato-pilosis. Folia decidua, ovato-oblonga v. ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, argute serrulata, 4-7 cm. longa et 1.2-2.5 cm. lata, v. interdum 10:4, supra obscure viridia, satis dense pilis 4-6-radiatis plurimis radio centrali instructis conspersa, subtus cinereo-viridia v. cinerascentia ob pilos 6-10-radiatos radio centrali elongato instructos molliter pubescentia, ner\'is utrinsecus 5-6 supra im- pressis subtus elevatis; petioli 3-5 mm. longi, laxe stellato-pilosi. Inflorescentia cormybosa, convexa et fere paniculiformis, multiflora, sparse stellato-pilosa, in apice ramulorum sessilis; pedicelli plerumque graciles, ad 1.5 mm. longi, sursum densius stellato-pilosi; calyx extus dense pube manifesto heteromorpha vestitus, dentibus lineari-lanceolatis 5-7 mm. longis tubum duplo superantibus purpurascen- 150 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA tibus; petala ovali-oblonga, in aestivatione valvata, 10-15 mm. longa, alba extus purpuras centia v. lilacina, extus stellato-pilosa; stamina petalis dimidio breviora, filamentis late alatis, exterioribus apice bidentatis dentibus obtusis antheram breviter stipitatam non superantibus, interioribus paullo brevioribus lineari- oblongis antheram breviter stipitatam infra apicem affixam gerentibus et ea paullo brevioribus v. interdum antheram circa medium affixam gerentibus et earn superanti- bus; styU 3-4, stamina subaequantes, 6-8 mm. longi. Capsula matura desideratur. Yunnan: Mt. "Pi-ion-se," above Ta-pin-tze, near Ta-li, June 11, 1883, J. M. Delavay; Fang-yang-chang, alt. 3000 m., June 7, 1888, J. M. Delavay (No. 3543); woods above Che-tong, above Ta-pin-tze, May 18, 1886, J. M. Delavay (all in Herb. Mus. Paris). Most nearly related to D. longifolia Franchet, which is easily distinguished by the close whitish tomentum of the under side of the narrower leaves, the usually close whitish tomentum of the calyx, and the shorter calyx-lobes. In the pubes- cence of the under side of the leaves it resembles D. glomeruliflora Franchet, but in that species the hairs of the under side have only 4 to 5 rays, the leaves are smaller and narrower and the flowers white and the calyx-lobes shorter. By Franchet the specimens quoted above had been referred to his D. longifolia, while I had taken the specimen from Fang-yang-chang, of which I had received some fragments from Paris as typical D. longifolia, for D. glomeruliflora. 316. Deutzia sessilifolia Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. XVIII. 227 (1911). Hupeh: " Monte Si-ho," July 1909 C.Silvestn, (Nos. 3001, 3001* ex Pampanini). This species, of which I have seen no specimen, seems most closely related to D. glabrata Komarov, but it is easily distinguished by the sessile or connate leaves. With the species enumerated and described above the total number of species of the genus Deutzia occurring in China reaches 41. Besides these 6 others occur in eastern Asia and in the Himalayas, which are all mentioned in my Synopsis except D. uniflora Shirai (in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XII. 110, t. 5 (1898)) which seems most nearly related to D. grandiflora Bunge, but differs in its one-flowered lateral in- florescence with only small or without any leaves at the base; by the latter character it approaches D. coreana Leveille, but that species is easily distinguished by the ovoid calyx-tube with short triangular lobes, the very short pedicels not exceeding the bud-scales and by the hairs of the lower surface of the leaves having generally 5 rays. One more species forming the section Neodeutzia occurs in Mexico; this is D. mexicana Hemsley including D. mexicana, var. Pringlei Schneider originally pro- posed as a distinct species by the same author. The whole genus, therefore, con- tains at present 48 species. HYDRANGEA L.^ Determined by Alfred Rehder. Hydrangea xanthoneura, var. Wilsonii Rehder. See p. 27. The paragraph under H. xanthoneura, var. glabrescens Rehder containing the Nos. 1183, 1327, 1347, 2398 and 10235 has been misplaced; it belongs under H. xanthoneura, var. Wilsonii, and should constitute the fourth paragraph under this variety. 1 See also p. 25-41. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — DECUMARIA 151 Hydrangea Rosthomii Diels. See p. 33. Hydrangea Maximowiczii L6veill(S in Bull. Acad. Intern. Geog. Bot. XII. 114 (1903). Kwei-chau: "environs de Gan-pin, aux Grandes rocailles," August II, 1897, L. Martin {E. Bodinier, No. 1654, in Herb. Mus. Paris). Last summer I had the opportunity of seeing in Paris the type number of L^veilld's H. Maximowiczii and found that it can not be separated specifically from H. Rost- homii. This extends the range of the species into Kwei-chau. To my Synopsis of the Chinese species (p. 34-41) the following species must now be added: 126. Hydrangea heteromalla D. Don, Prodr. Ft. Nepal. 211 (1824). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 389, fig. 247 m, 270 f (1906). Hydrangea vestita Wallich, Tent. Ft. Nepal, t. 49 (excl. fig. 5-8) (1826). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. II. 405 (1878). Hydrangea pubescens Decaisne in Fl. des Serres, IV. t. 378-379 (non Maximo- wicz) (1848). Hydrangea heteromalla, var. mollis Rehder, n. var. A typo praecipue recedit ramulis junioribus, petiolis, inflorescentia dense et breviter albo-villosis, foliis supra sparse minuteque pubescentibus, subtus pube moUiore et densiore obtectis, denticulato-serrulatis, vix fimbriato-denticulatis. Yunnan: at the foot of Tsang-shan, above Ta-U, alt. 2500 m., J. M. Delavay (No. 1148, fruiting specimen); same locality, June 26, 1886, J. M. Delavay (in Herb. Mus. Paris). The discovery of a variety of H. heteromalla in Yunnan adds another species of Hydrangea to the Chinese flora and brings their number, according to the enumer- ation in my Synopsis (p. 34-41) up to 29, if H. Kamienskii and H. Arbostiana of L^veilM are included. PH^OSTEGIA Hook. f. & Thorns. Determined by Alfred Rehder. Pilostegia vibumoides Hooker f, & Thomson in Jour. Linn. Soc. II. 76, t. 2 (1858). — Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, s6r. 7, X. No. XVI. 18 (1867). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. II. 405 (1878). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 275 (1887). — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 376 (1900). Western Szech'u an: Ya-chou Fu, alt. 600-1000 m., August and November 1908 (No. 1385; climber 3-7 m., over trees and cliffs, flowers white); Kin-shan, July 1891, A. von Rosthorn (No. 11). Also Hupeh, Kiangsi, Kwang-tung, Formosa, Luchu Archipelago (ex Hemsley). 152 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA DECUMARIA L. Determined by Alfred Rehder. Decumaria sinensis Oliver in Hooker's Icon. XVIII. t. 1741 (1888). — Diels in Bot. Jahrh. XXIX. 377 (1900). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, cliffs, etc., alt. 1000- 1200 m.. May and November 1907 (No. 473 in part; climber l-3m., flowers white with unpleasant odor); Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1300 m., June 1910 (No. 473 in part); South Wushan, May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 337); without locahty, A. Henry (No. 5219^ 5219^). RIBES L.i Determined by Alfred Rehder. The following enumeration contains the specimens collected during 1910; all of them can be identified with those of the earlier collection determined by E. Janczewski. Ribes himalayense Decaisne, 7 glandulosiim Janczewski. See p. 44. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, woodlands, alt. 2700-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4166; bush 2-3 m., fruits orange); Mupin, alt. 2700-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4226; bush 2-3 m., fruits black). Ribes himalayense, a urceolatiim Janczewski. See p. 44. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2300-2600 m., September 1910 (No. 4414; bush 2-3 m., fruits black). Ribes Meyeri Maximowicz, a tanguticum Janczewski. See p. 44. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu: upland thickets, alt. 3300- 4000 m., October 1910 (No. 4126; bush 3^ m., fruits black). Ribes moupinense Franchet, a laxiflorum Janczewski. See p. 44. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 2300-2800 m., October 1910 (No. 4212; bush 2-3 m., fruits black); Lungan Fu, Tu-ti-Hang Mts., alt. 2600-2800 m., August 1910 (No. 4501; bush 2 m., fruits black); Sungpan, thickets, alt. 3000-3300 m., August 1910 (No. 4502; bush 2 m., fruits black). Ribes Vilmorinii Janczewski. See p. 45. Western Szech'uan: Lungan Fu, Tu-ti-Hang Mts., thickets, alt. 2300-2700 m., August 1910 (No. 4503; bush 1.30-2 m., fruits black). 1 See also p. 44. SAXIFRAGACEAE. — RIBES 153 Ribes humile Janczewski. See p. 45. Western Szech'uan: uplands around Sungpan, alt. 3700-4300 m., August 1910 (No. 4504: bush 1-1.50 m., fruits black). I refer this black-fruited specimen not without hesitation to R. humile; in the type-specimen the fruits are described as orange on the label, but the specimen was collected in June and the fruits are apparently immature. In size, shape, serration and the perfect glabrousness of the leaves and in the usually solitary very short-stalked fruits No. 4504 agrees exactly with the type specimen of R. humile. Possibly R. humile is only a variety of R. Vilmorinii. Ribes tenue Janczewski. See p. 45. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 2700-3000 m., August 1910 (No. 4033; bush 2-2.5 m., fruits red). Ribes luridum Hooker f. & Thomson. See p. 46. Kiangsi: Ruling, rocks, not common, alt. 1300 m., August 1, 1907 (No. 1689; bush 1.30 m). Ribes Maximowiczii Batalin. See p. 46. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2700-3000 m., Oc- tober 1910 (No. 4229; bush 2-3 m., fruits orange, very glandular); Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2000-2300 m., September 1910 (No. 4413; bush 2-3 m., fruits red). ROSACEAE.^ COTONEASTER Med. Determined by Alfred Rehder and E. H. Wilson. Sectl. ORTHOPETALUM Koehne. Cotoneaster disticha Lange in BoL Tidsskr. XIII. 19 (1882). — Schneider, III. Handh. Lauhholzk. I. 744, fig. 418 c-f, 419 a-b (1906). Cotoneaster rotundifolia Baker in Refug. Bot. I. t. 54 (non Wallich) (1869). — Hemsley in Bot. Mag. CXXXI. t. 8010 (pro parte, ram. fructiferus tan- tum) (1905). The type of this species has not been reported from China. Cotoneaster disticha, var. tongolensis Schneider, III. Handh. Lauh- holzk. I. 745, fig. 419 d (1906). Western Szech'uan; uplands around Tachien-lu, alt. 2600-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 2186; decumbent bush, 1 m. tall). Our specimen is from the same region as the one described by Schneider, and agrees well with his description, but is rather less hairy. Schneider expresses doubt whether his specimen should be regarded as a variety of Cotoneaster disticha or of Cotoneaster Simonsii Baker. Our specimen is certainly not referable to Cotoneaster Simonsii and shows a closer relation to Cotoneaster disticha. Cotoneaster horizontalis Decaisne in Fl. des Serres, XXII. 168 (1877). — Andr6 in Rev. Hort. 1885, 136, fig. 25-26; 1889, 348, fig. 89-90. t. — Schneider, III. Handh. Lauhholzk. I. 744, fig. 418 g-i, 419 e (1906). Cotoneaster acuminata, var. prostrata Dippel, Handh. Lauhholzk. III. 414 (non Hooker f.) (1893). Cotoneaster Davidiana, Hort. ex Kew Hand-list Trees and Shrubs I. 213 (synon.) (1894). Cotoneaster microphylla Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 386 (pro parte, non WalUch) (1901). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, alt. 2300 m., November 1907 (No. 227; prostrate over rocks, fruit red); Western Szech'uan: * See also p. 47. 154 ROSACE AE . — COTONE ASTER 1 55 Niu-tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2600 m., June 1908, (No. 227, in part; prostrate over rocks, flowers pinkish); Wei-kuan, Yu-li-pa A. von Rosthorn (No. 2549). This species is common in western Szech'uan, but rare in Hupeh. It was prob- ably from the district of Mupin in western Szech'uan that David sent the seeds from which the plants on which the species was based were raised. Cotoneaster horizontalis Decaisne, var. perpusilla Schneider, III. Handh. Lauhholzk. I. 745, fig. 419 e^ (1906). Cotoneaster microphylla Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 261 (non Wallich) (1887). — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 386 (pro parte, non Wallich) (1901). — Pampanmi in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 288 (non Wallich) (1910). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, bare, rocky ground, alt. 1300-2000 m.. May and October 1907 (No. 496; prostrate, fruit red); Chang-yang, alt. 1500 m.. May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 564); without locality, A. //enr?/ (No. 2858). Szech'uan: without locality, A. von Rosthorn (No. 303). This small-leaved form of C. horizontalis is the common Cotoneaster of the moor- lands in western Hupeh, being abundant in open rocky ground. It is probably merely a climatic form of the type, since the seedling plants under cultivation have the larger leaves of the type. With its small leaves this variety bears some superficial resemblance to C. mi- crophylla Walhch, and has been confused with this species by several botanists. The true C. micropyhlla which belongs to the sect. Chaenopetalum is readily distin- guished by the spreading white petals of its flowers and the thick coriaceous leaves glaucous and usually whitish-tomentose on their lower surface. Cotoneaster adpressaBois in Vilmorin & Bois, Frut. Vilmorin. 116, fig. (1904); in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. III. 226 (1906). Cotoneaster horizontalis, var. adpressa Schneider, III. Handh. Lauhholzk. I. 744, figs. 418 k-m, 419 e' (1906). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, rocky places in alpine regions, alt. 2800-3230 m., June and September 1908 (No. 2187; fruits bright red); Tachien-lu, uplands, alt. 2800-3500 m., October 1910, (No. 4136; prostrate over rocks, fruit red). Cotoneaster adpressa is undoubtedly closely related to C. horizontalis Decaisne, but seems to differ sufficiently to be considered specifically distinct. The chief differences are the nearly glabrous thinner leaves usually somewhat wavy on the margin, the larger subglobose fruits ripening several weeks earlier than those of C. horizontalis, and the habit, the creeping and often rooting stems being irregularly branched with often tortuous or flagellate branchlets forming a dense carpet closely appressed to the ground, while in C. horizontalis the stems are horizontally spreading or procumbent with the straight spreading branchlets regularly distichous. 156 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Cotoneaster apiculata Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1.5-2 m. altus, ramis robustis divaricatis; ramuli juniores flavo-cinereo-strigillosi, annotini sparse pubescentes, vetustiores cinereo- purpurei; gemmae flavo-cinereo-pubescentes. Folia decidua, orbicu- laria v. orbiculari-ovata, rarius late obovata, apiculata, rarissime emarginata, basi late cuneata v. rotundata, 4-12 (plerumque 6-9) mm. longa et 4-9 mm. lata, supra laete viridia, glabra, nitidula, subtus vix pallidiora, initio parce praesertim ad costam venasque strigoso- pilosa, demum fere glabra, utrinque nervis circiter 2 ut costa supra impressis subtus leviter elevatis; petioli 1-2 mm. longi, glabri, pur- purescentes; stipulae membranaceae,lineari-lanceolatae, 3 mm. longae. Flores ignoti. Fructus solitarius, fere sessilis, erectus, globosus, 7-8 mm. diam., coceineus; pyrenae 3 (semper?), 5 mm. longae, triangulari-obo- vatae, dorso medio sulcatae, ventre nitentes carinatae, styli rudi- mentum prope basin hypostylii gerentes, hypostylio circiter quartam partem pyrenae occupante glabro nitido. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, upland thickets, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4311). Allied to Cotoneaster disticha Lange, which is readily distinguished by its ciliate leaves, dull and hairy above, longer peduncles, ovoid fruit, and by the very regular distichous ramification of the stems. Our specimens bear ripe fruit, but are so dis- tinct in appearance that we do not hesitate in describing it as a new species. The plant is in cultivation and when it flowers there may be other differences of note. Cotoneaster nitens Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 0.5-1.25 m. altus dense ramosus ramis divaricatis depen- dentibus; ramuli juniores pihs cinereo-flavescentibus strigillosis obsiti, basin versus glabrescentes, annotini glabri, sub peridermate cinereo secedente fusci; gemmae acutiusculae, pubescentes. Folia decidua, late ovalia v. orbiculari-ovata, obtusa, rarius acutiuscula v. emarginata v. mucronata, basi rotundata, v. rarius late cuneata, 7-16, plerumque 10-12 mm. longa et 7-14, plerumque 9-11 mm. lata, laete viridia, con- coloria, supra nitentia, glabra, subtus initio sparse praesertim ad costam accumbenti-pilosa, demum glabra v. fere glabra, utrinsecus nervis 3-4 ut costa supra leviter impressis subtus obsoletis; petioli sparse pilosuli V. glabri, 2-3 mm. longi; stipulae subulatae, membranaceae, circiter 2 mm. longae. Flores ignoti. Fructus soUtarii v. bini, pen- duli, pedicellis glabris 2-4 mm. longis ramulos brevissimos laterales terminantibus insidentes, nigro-rubri, nitentes, glabri, subglobosi v. late ovoidei, 7-8 mm. longi, 5-6 mm. diam., apice truncato, calyce aperto; pyrenae 2, ovoideae, 5 mm. longae, 3.5 mm. latae, ventre ROSACE AE. — COTONE ASTER 157 stylum paullo infra apicem gerentes, dorso irregulariter leviter sulcatae, fuscescentes, hypostylio tertiam partem v. ultra dorsi occupante, nitido, glabro, flavescenti-brunneo. Western Szech'u an: Min Valley, near Sungpan Ting, alt. 2300- 3000 m., September 1910 (No. 4021). This species is characterized by its broadly oval to suborbicular leaves, shining green and glabrous above and nearly so beneath, and by its nearly black fruits. It is most closely allied to C. divaricata Rehder & Wilson, which has bright-red differ- ently shaped and nearly sessile fruits, different foUage and habit. Cotoneaster divaricata Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1-2 m. altus, laxe ramosus; ramuli graciles, reflexi, hornotini cinereo-strigillosi, annotini glabrescentes, vetustiores fusco-rubri, lamellis cinereis opacis decorticantes; gemmae acutae, strigilloso- pubescentes. Folia decidua, ovalia, interdum late ovalia, rarius obo- vata, acuta v. obtusa, rarius rotundata, mucronata, basi late cuneata, 8-20 mm. longa, 5-8 mm. lata, utrinque initio parce strigilloso-pilosa, supra mox glabra, laete viridia et nitida, subtus pallidiora demum ad nervos tantum sparse pilosa, utrinsecus nervis 3-1 ut costa supra im- pressis subtus elevatis; petioli 1-2 mm. longi, strigilloso-pubescentes; stipulae membranaceae, lineari-lanceolatae, rubescentes, 3-4 mm. longae. Racemi plerumque 3-flori, rarius uniflori, ramulos laterales brevissimos pauci-foliatos terminantes, bracteis bracteolisque mem- branaceis lanceolatis deciduis 2-3 mm. longis instituti; pedicelli 1-2 mm. longi, ut calyx parce flavido-strigillosi ; calycis dentes triangulares acuti, 1.5-2 mm. longi et 1.5 mm. lati, margine pilosi; petala late obovata, apice rotundata, basi breviter unguiculata, 3^ mm. longa, 2-3 mm. lata, concava, rosea, caduca; stamina 12-15, petalis breviora, glabra, persistentia; carpidia 2, apice pilosa. Fructus ruber, ovoideus, 7-9 mm. longus, 5-7 mm. diam., sepalis plus minus erectis persisten- tibus coronatus et saepe infra sepala leviter constrictus; pyrenae 2, ovoideae, 4-5 mm. longae et 3^ mm. latae, ventre planae laeves, nitidae, brunneae, styli rudimentum ad apicem gerentes, dorso con- vexo obsolete rugulosae, irregulariter leviterque pluri-sulcatae, hypos- tylio quartam partem dorsi occupante sparse villosulo. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1650-2000 m., June and September 1907 (No. 232, type); south Wushan, alt. 1650- 2000 m., September 1907 (No. iss''); Chien-si Hsien, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 877). Western Szech'uan: near Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2000-2600 m.. May 1908 (No. 2167, bush 2 m. tall, flowers pinkish); without locality, A. Henry (No. 5701). cuA^^l^fty^^ 158 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Tliis species is most nearly related to C Simonsii Baker, from which it is readily distinguished by its smaller leaves, constantly fewer flowered racemes, less acu- minate sepals, and by its ovoid darker red fruits; in habit and general appearance the two species are very distinct. It seems also related to C. mucronata Franchet from Yunnan, which differs chiefly in the lax 2-4-flowered racemes and more densely hairy leaves. No. 2167 from Szech'uan has the leaves, particularly those of the shoots, somewhat larger than the type and often shortly acuminate. Cotoneaster acutifolia Turczaninow in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. V. 190 (1832). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 750, fig. 421 a (1906). Cotoneaster acutifolia, var. pekinensis Koehne in Deutsche Dendr. 225 (1893). Cotoneaster pekinensis Zabel in Mitt. Deutsche Dendr. Ges. VII. 37 (1898). Originally described from Chinese Mongolia, this plant was introduced from the mountains near Peking by Dr. Bretschneider into the Arnold Arboretum in 1883. The typical form is absent from central and western China. This species is not to be confounded with C. acutifolia Lindley which is C. lucida Schlechtendal, a species from the Altai mountains not yet reported from China. Cotoneaster acutifolia, var. villosnla Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Cotoneaster acuminata Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 385 (pro parte, non Lmdley) (1900). Frutex 2-4-metralis ramis divaricatis; ramuli hornotini flavido- villoso-strigillosi, annotini glabrescentes v. glabri, fusco-purpurei; gemmae tomento flavido-cinereo obtectae. Folia decidua, ovata v. oblongo-ovata, acuta v. acuminata, basi rotundata, rarius late cuneata, 3-6 cm. longa et 1.5-4 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, initio sparse villoso-pilosa, demum glabra v. fere glabra, subtus laxe v. interdum densius subaccumbenti-villosa praesertim ad venas, utrinsecus nervis 4-6 ut costa supra leviter impressis subtus elevatis; petioli villosi, 3-5 mm. longi. Racemi laxi, 3-5-flori, bracteis bracteolisque subu- latis ciliatis 3-4 mm. longis deciduis instructi, pedicelli cum pedunculo circiter 1 cm. longi, subaccumbenti-villosi; calycis tubus turbinatus, villoso-tomentosus, 4-5 mm. diam., dentes late triangulares, mucro- nulati, 1.5 mm. longi et 2 mm. lati, purpurascentes, dorso fere glabra margine dense villosuli; petala orbiculari-obovata, concava, erecta, alba, roseo suffusa, 4-4.5 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, breviter unguiculata; stamina 20, sepalis longiora; carpidia 2, rarius 3, apice villosa, stylis quam stamina brevioribus. Fructus pyriformis, 8-10 mm. longus, apice depresso villosulus, niger; pyrenae 2, rarius 3, trigono-obovoideae, 5-6 mm. longae et 4-4.5 latae, ventre stylum tertiam partem infra apicem gerentes, nitidae, dorso irregulariter leviter sulcatae et rugulosae, hypo- stylio tertiam v. vix tertiam partem dorsi occupante nitido glabro v. sparse villosulo. ROSACEAE. — COTONEASTER 159 Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1300-1600 ra., June and October 1907 (No. 327, type); south Wushan, thickets, alt. 1300-1600 m., October 1907 (No. 217, fruit); north and south of Ichang, thickets and margins of woods, alt. 1300-2000 m., June 1907 (No. 217, flowers); Changyang Hsien, alt. 1300-1600 m., June 1907 (No. 156, flowers); no locality, June and August 1900 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 669*, 669*', in part, and specimens from Hort. Veitch under seed Nos. 1160^ 595). Western Szech'uan: Ta-p'ao-shan, north- east of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2300-3000 m., July 1908 (No. 319 in part); 'Nanch'uan, A. von Rosthorn (No. 1805). Shensi: north-west Han-chung Hsien, 1910, W. Purdom (No. 367); Tai-pei-shan, 1910, W. Purdom (no number). This variety is easily distinguished from the type, which has smaller less acumi- nate glabrescent leaves, less densely pubescent calyx and glabrous fruits. Cotoneaster acutifolia, var. laetevirens Rehder & Wilson, n. var. - ctc*«3*4J^ Cotoneaster vulgaris Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 385 (pro parte, non Lindley) (1900). Frutex 2-3-metralis ramis divaricatis gracilibus curvatis; ramuli hornotini flavido-villoso-strigillosi, annotini glabri, fusco-rubri. Folia decidua, ovata v. rhombico-ovata, acuta v. breviter acuminata, rarius obtusiuscula, basi late cuneata, rarius rotundata, 2-3.5 cm. longa et 1-2.5 cm. lata, supra laete viridia, sparse villoso-pilosa, margine ciliolata, subtus subaccumbenti-villosa; petioli 3-5 mm. longi, accum- benti-villosi ; stipulae subulatae 3-4 mm. longae, pubescentes. Ra- cemi plerumque 3-flori; pedicelli cum pedunculo 5-8 mm. longi, ac- cumbenti-villosi; calycis tubus turbinatus, 4-5 mm. diam., sparse villosus, dentes late triangulari-ovati, mucronulati, 1.5-2 mm. longi, dorso villosi; petala obovata, 4-5 mm. longa, erecta v. erecto-patentia, breviter unguiculata, alba, roseo suffusa; stamina 20, sepalis aequi- longa; carpidia 2-3, apice dense villosa, stylis staminibus aequilongis. Fructus desiderantur. Western Szech'uan: Ta-p'ao-shan, north-east of Tachien-Iu, alt. 3300 m., July 1908 (No. 2177, type): Nan-ch'uan, A. von Rosthorn (No. 1806). Differs from the type in size and texture of leaves and in the character of the pubescence. Possibly it should rank as a distinct species, but we have no fruits. Rosthorn's specimen has longer pedicels than the type of this variety. Cotoneaster ambigua Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1.5-2 m. altus ramis divaricatis curvatis; ramuli hornotini 160 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA flavido-villoso-strigillosi, annotini glabri v. fere glabri, fusco-rubri; gemmae tomento einereo-flavido subaccumbenti-villoso obtectae. Folia decidua, elliptico-ovata v. rhombico-ovata, rarius elliptico-obovata, ad ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, basi late cuneata, 3-5 cm. longa et 1-2.5 cm. lata, supra initio sparse subaccumbenti-pilosa, mox glabrescentia V. glabra, subtus laxe ad venas densius subaccumbenti-villosa, utrin- secus nervis 5-7 supra impressis subtus elevatis; petioli pubescentes, 2-3 mm. longi; stipulae subulatae, 4-6 mm. longae. Corymbus 5-10- florus, ramulos laterales breves foliosos terminans, bracteis bracteolisque subulatis caducis 3-4 mm. longis sparse villosis; pedicelli cum pedun- culo circiter 1 cm., rarius 1.5 cm. longi, sparsissime pilosi; calyx parce villosus V. fere glaber; sepala late triangularia, 1 mm. longa et 1-1.5 mm. lata, mucronulata, intus ad marginem villosula; petala orbiculari- obovata, 3-4 mm. longa et circiter 3 mm. lata, concava, erecta, saepe leviter erosa, brevissime unguiculata; stamina 20, sepalis longiora; carpidia 2-5, apice pilosa. Fructus niger, nitidulus, ovoideus, 8-9 mm. longus, apice tantum villosulus; pyrenae 2-3, rarius 4, rarissime 5, triangulari-obovatae, 5-6 mm. longae et 3-5 mm. latae, ventre brun- neae, nitidae, stylum quartam partem infra apicem gerentes, dorso leviter irregulariter foveolato-sulcatae, hypostylio tertiam partem dorsi occupante brunneo sparse villosulo. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2300-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 2179, type); west of Tachien-lu, alt. 3300 m., October 1908 (No. 1270); Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2600- 3000 m., June 1908 (No. 2178); around Tachien-lu, alt. 2600-3000 m., 1903 (Veitch Exped., plants in Hort. Veitch under Nos. 1507, 1723). Allied to Cotoneaster acutifolia Turczaninow, which is readily distinguished by ita generally ovate much less pubescent leaves and more densely pubescent calyx. From Cotoneaster moupinensis Franchet this new species is easily recognized by its smaller foliage, which hardly ever shows any tendency to become rugose, ita smaller inflorescence and flowers, and by its globose fruit. It must be confessed, however, that there is a great similarity between all these black-fruited Cotoneasters from China. With Cotoneaster acutifolia Turczaninow at one end of the chain and Cotoneaster moupinensis Franchet at the other it ia almost possible, with the material before us, to connect the whole series. The living plants look quite different, and since all the species and varieties named above are in cultivation, it may be possible later to determine their afl5nities more accurately. Nos. 1270 and 2178 differ from the type in their thicker, broader leaves. No. 2178 has a more numerous-flowered corymb, broader sepals, showing some approach to Cotoneaster moupinensis Franchet. Cotoneaster reticulata Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2.5-4 m. altus ramis validiusculis; ramuli homotini flavido- ROSACEAE. — COTONEASTER 161 villoso-strigillosi, demum glabrescentes, annotini fusci, glabri, vetus- tiores cinereo-fusci; gemmae dense flavido-subaccumbenti-villosae. Folia subcoriacea, decidua, elliptico-ovata, rarius rhombico-ovata, acuminata v. acuta, 2.5-3.5 cm. longa et 1-1.6 cm. lata, supra glabra, lucide viridia, venularum reticulo impresso, subtus tomento flavido villoso obtecta, utrinsecus venis 4-5 supra valde impressis subtus manifeste elevatis; petioli 3-4 mm. longi, pubescentes, demum plerum- que glabrescentes; stipulae subulatae, pubescentes, circiter 2 mm. longi. Flores ignoti. Fructus 3-6 in racemis glabris, pedicellis cum pedunculo 0.5-1 cm. longis, globosi, 5-7 mm. diam., purpureo-nigri, glabri; pyrenae 5, trigono-oblongo-obovoideae, 3-4 mm. longae et circiter 2 mm. diam., ventre carinatae, stylum plus quam tertiam partem infra apicem gerentes, dorso irregulariter obsolete sulcatae, hypostylio tertiam partem dorsi occupante sparse villosulo. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, alt. 2600- 3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4191, type). This species is apparently closely related to C. obscura Rehder & Wilson, but differs from it in its subcoriaceous leaves rugose above and reticulate beneath, glabrous pedicels, and in the 5 narrow stones of the fruit. Cotoneaster obscura Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1-3-metralis, ramosissimus, divaricatus; ramuli hornotini flavido-strigillosi, basin versus interdum glabrescentes, annotini tarde glabrescentes, fusco-purpurei, vetustiores obscure fusci; gemmae flavido-villoso-strigillosae, 2-3 mm. longae. Folia decidua, elliptico- ovata, rarius rhombico-ovata, plerumque acuminata, rarius acuta, basi late cuneata, 2.5-4 cm. longa et 1.5-2 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, initio pilis accumbentibus conspersa, demum glabra v. fere glabra, subtus tomento subaccumbente villoso flavido-cinereo obtecta, utrinsecus nervis 3-1 ut costa supra leviter impressis subtus elevatis ; petioli 2-3 mm. longi, pubescentes; stipulae membranaceae, subulatae, 3^ mm. longae. Flores ignoti. Fructus 3-5 in racemis ramulos breves laterales terminantibus, pedicellis cum pedunculo 3-5 mm. longis sparse villoso-strigillosis, ovoideo-pyriformes, 8-9 mm. longi et 7-8 mm. diam., fusco-rubri, apice applanato sparse villoso, sepalis conniventibus; pyrenae plerumque 3, rarius 2, oblongo-obovoideae, 5 mm. longae, 3 ram. diam., ventre stylum tertiam partem infra apicem gerentes, dorso pallidae, interdum leviter sulcatae, hypostylio nitido flavido-brunneo tertiam partem dorsi occupante parce villoso v. glabro. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2600 m., October 1910 (No. 4306, type); Tachien-lu, upland thick- 162 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA ets, alt. 3000-3600 m., October 1910 (No. 4090); without locality, 1904 (Veitch Exped. ex Hort. Veitch. No. 1718). Allied to Cotoneaster acuminata Lindley, which differs in the leaves being only sparingly appressed-pilose beneath, and in the larger, bright-red and turbinate fruits open at the apex. Cotoneaster bullata Bois differs in the color and shape of its fruits, and in its longer leaves of different texture. Cotoneaster obscura, var. comifolia Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Frutex 3-metralis ramis validiusculis; ramuli hornotini flavido- strigillosi, basin versus glabrescentes, flavido-fusci, vetustiores cinereo- fusci V. cinerascentes. Folia elliptico-ovata v. fere rhombico-ovata, rarius elliptico-oblonga, interdum elliptico-obovata, plerumque mani- feste acuminata mucronata, basi late cuneata,4-7 cm. longa et 2-3.5 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia initio sparse subaccumbenti-villosa, demum glabrescentia, subtus paullo pallidiora, tomento villoso flavescenti praesertim ad venas laxe obtecta, nervis utrinsecus 5-6 supra impressis subtus elevatis; petioli 3-5 mm. longi, laxe villosi. Fructus 3-4 in racemis laxis ramulos breves laterales terminantibus, pedicellis cum petiolo 1-1.5 cm, longis sparsissime pilosis, turbinati, 8-10 mm. longi, atrorubri, glabri; pyrenae 5, triangulari-oblongo-obovoideae, 6 mm. longae, ventre carinatae, stylum tertiam partem infra apicem gerentes, dorso irregulariter leviter sulcatae, hypostylio tertiam partem dorsi occupante nitido flavo-brunneo glabro v. sparse villoso. Western Szech'uan: Tu-ti-liang mts., Lungan Fu, alt. 2600 m., August 1910 (No. 4543, type). Distinguished from the type by its much larger leaves, more deeply impressed above and less densely pubescent beneath, and in its larger more decidedly tur- binate fruit. It resembles somewhat C. foveolata Rehder & Wilson, but differs in its turbinate purpUsh-black fruits with five stones, and in its shorter, few-fiowered racemes. Cotoneaster foveolata Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2-3-metralis ramis divaricatis; ramuli hornotini flavido- villoso-strigillosi, annotini glabri, cinereo-fusci v. flavido-cinerei v. fusci utvestustiores; gemmae tomento subaccumbenti-villoso flavescente obtectae. Folia decidua, elliptica v. elliptico-ovata, v. elliptico-obovata, rarius ovato-oblonga, breviter acuminata v. acuta, 3.5-8, plerumque 5-6 cm. longa et 1.8-3.5, plerumque 2-3 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, initio sparse accumbenti-pilosa, mox glabra, subtus sparse, ad venas densius subaccumbenti-villosa, demum plerumque glabra v. fere glabra, sed interdum pilis ad costam venasque persistentibus, margine dense ciliolata, nervis supra impressis subtus elevatis, venularum ROSACEAE. — COTONEASTER 163 reticulo supra leviter impresso v. obsolete subtus obsoleto, parenchy- mate non v. vix bullato; petioli 2-4 mm. longi, sparse pilosi, demum glabrescentes v. glabri. Corymbus 3-7-florus, ramulos laterales termi- nans, pedicelli cum pedunculo 1-1.5 cm. longi, rarissime longiores, villoso-strigillosi, bracteis bracteolisque subulatis parce strigilloso- villosis; calyx cum dentibus dense v. interdum laxius subaccumbenti- setoso-villosus, dentes interdum dorso glabrescentes; petala orbiculari- obovata, 4.5-5 mm. longa et 3.5-i lata, breviter unguiculata, concava, erecta, alba roseo afflata; stamina fere 20, sepalis longiora; carpidia 2-5, apice dense villosa. Fructus subglobosus, 7-8 mm. diam., niger; pyrenae 2-5 plerumque 3-4, triangulari-obovoideae, 4-5 mm. longae et 3.5-4.5 latae, ventre carinatae, nitidae, stylum vix tertiam partem infra apicem gerentes, dorso irregulariter sulcatae et foveolatae, hypostylio tertiam v. vix tertiam partem dorsi occupante parce villoso v. glabro nitidulo. Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, alt. 1600-2000 m., September 1907 (No. 147, type) ; Fang Hsien, alt. 1600-2500 m., thickets, Sep- tember 1907 (Nos. 271, 273, 319); north and south of Ichang, alt. 1000-2000 m., June and September 1907 (Nos. 2175, 156 as to fruit); Pao-kang Hsien, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1291); no locality, A. Henry (No. 6328). Cotoneaster foveolata is closely related to C. moupinensis Franchet, which differs in the thicker more rugose leaves, the many-flowered inflorescence, glabrescent calyx, and in the narrower stones usually 5 or 4 in each fruit and with only a shallow furrow on the dorsal side.. Cotoneaster moupinensis Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 3, viii. 224 {PL David, ii. 42) ((1885). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauh- holzk. I. 747 (1906). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1300-2000 m., June and September 1908 (No. 857, in part; bush 1-2.5 m. tall, flowers white, fruit black); Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2000-2300 m., June and Septem- ber 1908 (No. 857, in part; bush 2-5 m. tall, flowers pinkish, fruit black); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1600-2300 m., June 1908 (No. 2180, in part; bush 2-3 m. tall). The fruit, which has not yet been described, is black, globose, 7-10 mm. in diam- eter with the persistent incurved calyx-teeth leaving a small opening in the middle; stones 3-5, generally 4-5, narrowly triangular-obovoid, 4-5 mm. long, 2.5-3 mm. wide, dull yellowish and irregularly and shghtly furrowed on the dorsal side, hypo- style small, lustrous brownish yellow, covering one third or less of the dorsal side. This is the common Cotoneaster in the thickets and margins of woods tliroughout western Szech'uan. The flowers are shghtly larger and the leaves less wrinkled than 164 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA those of Cotoneasier bullata and the fruits are jet black. Franchet does not give the color of the fruits in his original description of Cotoneaster moupinensis, but from fragments we have, kindly communicated from Paris, they appear to us as if they would be black when mature. Since the leaves and flowers of this black-fruited variety agree exactly with Franchet's original description, and, since this is the common plant of the region Franchet's type came from, we have referred hia name to this plant and accepted Bois' name of bullata for the red-fruited form, which differs besides in the smaller flowers and decidedly more wrinkled leaves; it is, too, a comparatively rare plant, though scattered over a wide area in western Szech'uan. Our specimens exhibit considerable variation both in foliage and in size of the corymb. No. 857, from Mupin, has rugose leaves, but this character varies con- siderably even on the same shoots. Cotoneaster bullata Bois in Vilmorin & Bois, Frut. Vilmorin. 119, 2 fig. (1904); in Fedde, Rey. Nov. Sp., III. 228, 2 fig. (1906). Cotoneaster moupinensis Stapf in Bot. Mag. CXXXV, t. 8284 (pro parte, non Franchet) (1909). Our specimens are all referable to the following variety. Cotoneaster bullata, var. macrophylla Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Frutex 2-5-metralis; ramuli hornotini cinereo-villoso-strigillosi, demum glabrescentes, annotini glabri, fiavido-grisei v. fusco-grisei ut vetustiores. Folia decidua, obovato-elliptica v. elliptica, rarius elliptico-oblonga v. lanceolato-oblonga, acuminata, basi late cuneata V. rarius sensim attenuata, 5-15 cm. longa et 2.5-8 cm. lata, supra initio sparse adpresse pilosa, demum glabra, subtus sparse adpresse villosa, demum glabrescentia, plerumque ad venas venulasque tantum villosa V. pilosula, ea ramorum elongatorum subtus densius pubes- centia, nervis utrinsecus 8-10 supra impressis subtus prominentibus, parenchymate saepe bullato et simul venularum reticulo subtus elevato; petioli circiter 2 mm. longi, sparse adpresse villosuli v. glabrescentes. Corymbus multiflorus, 5-8 cm. diam. ; pedicelli breves, ut pedunculi fere glabri v. sparse adpresse pilosi; calycis tubus glaber v. fere glaber, 4 mm. diam., dentes obtusiusculi, dense ciliolati. Fructus coccineus, subglobosus V. turbinato-globosus, 7-9 mm. diam.; pyrenae 5, trigono- oblongo-obovoideae, 6 mm. longae et 3 mm. diam., ventre carinatae, stylum trientem infra apicem gerentes, dorso plus minus sulcatae, hypostylio vix trientem dorsi occupante villosulo pallide brunneo- flavido ut dorsum. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1900-2600 m., Sep- tember 1908 (No. 873, type; bush 3-5 m. tall, fruits brick red): Chin- ting-shan, alt. 1300-1600 m.. May 1908 (No. 2180 in part, bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers pinkish); near Monkong Ting, thickets, alt. 2300 m., ROSACE AE. — COTONE ASTER 165 June 1908 (No. 2181, bush 2 m. tall, flowers pinkish); Mt. Omei, alt. 2300-2800 m., October 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3515 a). This variety resembles in its many-flowered corymbs C. bullata, f. floribunda, n. comb. (C moupinensis, f. floribunda Stapf), which is easily distinguished by its mucli smaller leaves generally ovate or sometimes obovate and rounded at the base and more densely pubescent beneath, and by the pubescent calyx and the chestnut brown branches. Cotoneaster Franchetii Bois in Rev. Hort, 1902, 379, figs. 159, 160, 161, 164; 1907, 256, fig. 90. t.; in Vilmorin & Bois, Frut. Vilmorin. 117, 2 fig. (1904); in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. iii. 228 (1906). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2500-2900 m., September 1908 (No. 995; bush 2-3 m. tall, fruit bright red); Niu- tou-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2300 m., June 1908 (No. 2171); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, alt. 2000-2600 m., October 1910 (No. 4160; bush 1.5-3 m. tall, fruit scarlet). Our specimens differ from the cultivated type only in the bracts and bractlets of the inflorescence being rather short. ^ 1 A closely related species is the following, of which a full description may be added here: Cotoneaster amoena Wilson in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LI. 2, fig. 1 (1912). Frutex 1-1.5 m. altus, dense ramosus; ramuli hornotini subaccumbenti-villosi, annotini tarde glabrescentes, demum fusco-purpurei; gemmae tomento subaccum- benti-villoso cinereo-albido obtectae. FoUa decidua, ovata v. elhptico-ovalia, acuta mucronulata, basi late cuneata, 10-22 mm. plerumque 15 mm. longa et 6-15 mm., plerumque 6-10 mm. lata, supra sparse pubescentia, subtus villoso-tomentosa, utrinsecus nervis 2-4 ut costa supra impressia subtus elevatis; petioli tomentosi, 2-5 mm. longi; stipulae membranaceae, subulatae, pubescentes, 4-5 mm. longae. Corymbus densus, 6-10-florus, ramulos laterales breves foliosos terminans, brac- teis bracteolisque subulatis membranaceis caducis 3-5 mm. longis; calycis tubus tomento subaccumbenti-villoso albido obtectus, dentes anguste triangulari-ovati, sensim in aristam fuscescentem producti; petala rotundata, breviter unguicu- lata, erecta, 2-2.5 mm. longa lataque; stamina 20, sepaUs breviora v. aequilonga; carpidia 2-3, apice villosa. Fructus globosus, 5-6 mm. diam., miniatus, subsessUis, apice villosulus; pyrenae 2-3, triangulari-obovoideae, 4-5 mm. longae, ventre carinatae, nitentes, stylum trientem infra apicem gerentes, dorso medio leviter sulcatae saepe etiam sulcis obsoletis lateralibus praeditae, hypostylio brunneo nitido trientem dorsi occupante. Yunnan: This description is drawn up from specimens made from plants in Hort. Veitch. under No. 1889 raised from seeds collected southwest of Mengtze, alt. 1600-1700 m. (Veitch Exped.; type in Herb. Arnold Arboretum); mountains north of Mengtze, A.Henry (No. 11341). Closely allied to Cotoneaster Franchetii Bois, which is distinguished by its lax spreading habit, larger cymes, longer peduncles and longer pedicels and by its broader, less acuminate sepals. The living plants show greater differences than the herbarium material would lead one to suspect. Henry's No. 107S5 has longer leaves and glabrescent aepala and is evidently from a vigorous plant. 166 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Cotoneaster Dielsiana Pritzel in Bot. Jahrh. XXIX. 385 (1900).— Schneider, III Handb. Laubholzk. I. 749, figs. 418 a-b, 429 a (1906). Cotoneaster applanata Duthie apud Veitch, Hort. Veitchii, 385 (1906). Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1300-2000 m., June and October, 1907 (No. 466; bush 1.5-2 m. tall, flowers pinkish, fruit red) ; without locality, June and October 1900 (Veitch. Exped. No. 1127); plants from Hort. Veitch under Nos. 519, 1288). Photographs of this species showing the habit will be found in Horticulture XI. 181 (1910), and under the name of C. applanata in James Veitch & Sons, Novelties for 1908-9, 17. No. 1288 of Hort. Veitch, differs from the type in having larger and broader leaves and larger fruits and may be distinguished as forma major. Cotoneaster Dielsiana, var, elegans Rehder & Wilson, n. var. A typo praecipue recedit foliis minoribus, saepe obtusiusculis v. obtusis, subpersistentibus quamquam tenuioribus, fructibus minori- bus, miniatis pendulis. Frutex 1-2-metralis, erectus, ramis gracilibus, divaricatis arcuatis. Folia ovata v. ovalia, 1-2 cm. longa et 6-13 mm. lata, supra initio sparse villosula, demum glabrescentia, subnitentia, subtus cinereo-tomentosa. Fructus globosus, pendulus, corallinus, 5-6 mm. diam., pedicellis 1-2 mm. longis; pyrenae 2-5 triangulari-oblongo- obovoideae, 3.5-4.5 mm. longae et 2-3.5 mm. diam., ventre carinatae, nitidae, stylum trientum infra apicem gerentes, dorso pallidae, ir- regulariter foveolato-rugosae, hypostylio dorsi trientem v. ultra occupante. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, alt. 2600-3000 m., thickets, July and October 1908 (No. 1287, type); Wa-shan, alt. 2300-2600 m., cliffs, June and September 1908 (No. 2170, bush 1-2 m.tall, flowers pink, fruit coral red). This western plant shows marked diflFerence from the type and in several respects approaches Cotoneaster Franchetii Bois. It also has affinity with Cotoneaster Zabelii Schneider. Its thinner yet more persistent leaves, smaller pendulous fruit, brick or orange-red, distinguish this variety from the typical form. Cotoneaster Zabelii Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I 748, fig. 420 f-h (1906); in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. iii. 220 (1906). Western Hupeh: Chang-lo Hsien, thickets, alt. 1300-2000 m., May and October, 1907 (Nos. 331, in part; bush 1.5-2 m. tall, flowers pink, fruit red; No. 2190; bush 2.5 m. tall, fruit red): north and south of Ichang, alt. 1300-2000 m., common, June 1907 (No. 2172; bush 1.5-2 m. tall, flowers pinkish); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 2000- 2300 m., June 1907 (No. 2173; bush 1.5-2 m. tall); Patung Hsien, ROSACEAE. — COTONEASTER 167 thickets, alt. 1600 m., June 1907 (No. 2174; bush 2 m. tall, flowers pink); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2000 m., June 1910 (No. 4542; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers pink); without locality, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1167 and seed number 623); without locality, A. Hennj (Nos. 5463, 7918). Shensi: north-west of Han-chung Hsien, May 1910, W. Purdom (No. 360); Tai-pei-shan, 1910, W. Purdom (no number). This is the common Cotoneaster of the thickets in western Hupeh. The oval- elliptic leaves are usually rounded and emarginate or mucronulate but occasionally acute; often all forms are found on the same shoot. The Hupeh specimens appear to have rather shorter, more prominently veined leaves than those from Shensi, the type locality. Purdom's specimen from the Tai-pei-shan has the corymbs larger and more numerous flowered and larger leaves than any of the other speci- mens we have seen. In young plants the leaves are mucronulate and incUned to be acute. Cotoneaster gracilis Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1-3-metralis; ramuli hornotini dense accumbenti-villosuli, annotini glabri, fusco-purpurei. Folia decidua, ovali-ovata v. oblongo- ovata, rarius ovali-oblonga, obtusa breviter mucronulata, interdum acutiuscula, rarissime emarginata, basi rotundata, 10-25, plerumque 15-20 mm. longa et 8-17, plerumque 10-12 mm. lata, supra glabra minute rugulosa, laete viridia, subtus albida, dense papillosa, reticulo venularum impresso et dense tomento cinereo subaccumbenti-villoso obtecta, utrinsecus nervis 3-4 ut costa supra leviter impressis, subtus elevatis; petioli tomentosi, 2-3 mm. longi; stipulae subulatae, rube- scentes, pubescentes, membranaceae, circiter 2 mm. longae. Corymbus lax-US, 3-6-florus, ramulis lateralibus brevibus v. brevissimis plerumque 3-foliatis insidens, bracteis bracteolisque membranaceis subulatis ru- bescentibus 1.5-2 mm. longis instructus; pedunculus 0-5 mm. longus, sparse pubescens; pedicelli 2-6 mm. longi, graciles glabrescentes; caljrx glaber, rubescens, dentes late ovati, obtusi v. acutiusculi, inter- dum mucronulati, 2 mm. longi ac lati, sursum sparse pilosi, margine scarioso; petala subrotundata rosea, 2.5-3 mm. longa et 2.5 mm. lata, erecta, basi brevissimeunguiculata; stamina 20, sepalis subaequilonga V. paullo breviora; carpidia 2 (semper?) apice dense villosa. Fructus (immaturus) obovoideus, ad 5 mm. longus, apice truncatus; pyrenae 4.5 mm. longae, 3.5 mm. latae, dorso leviter irregulariter foveolatae, ventre stylum paullo infra apicem gerentes, hypostylio dimidium v. fere dimidium dorsum occupante sparse villosulo v. glabro. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1700 m., June 1907 (No. 2176, type). Western Szeeh'uan: Valley of Hsao-chin 168 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Ho near Mon-kong Ting, alt. 2300-3300 m., June 1908 (No. 2169). Shensi: Tai-pei-shan, 1901, W. Purdom. In the absence of ripe fruits the affinity of this species remains doubtful. It seems to be most closely related to the black-fruited C. melanocarpa Loddiges, which differs chiefly in its broader and larger, differently shaped leaves, often narrowed at the base, sparingly hairy on the upper surface while young and with a looser whitish tomentum beneath. Specimens of the forms from the Altai mountains usually referred to C. melanocarpa resemble our species in their smaller leaves, which, however, are hairy on their upper surface while young, oval in outline and generally broadly cuneate at the base. Cotoneaster gracilis also shows some re- semblance to the red-fruited C. integerrima Medikus, which is easily distinguished by its larger acute or acutish leaves, smaller and shorter racemes, larger flowers and stouter branches. Cotoneaster Zabelii .Schneider differs more widely in its densely villous calyx and the larger leaves, hairy on their upper surface at least while young. — The specimen from western Szech'uan (No. 2169) has smaller leaves than the type and fewer flowers in shorter racemes, while the specimens from Shensi are almost intermediate between the Hupeh and the Szech'uan specimens. Sect. 2. CHAENOPETALUM Koehne. Cotoneaster racemiflora K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 170 (1869). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 754, fig. 424 e'-k (1906). Mespilns racemiflora Desfontames, Cat. Hort. Paris, ed. 3, 409 (1829). Cotoneaster Fontanesii Spach, Hist. Veg. II. 77. (1834). — Briot in Rev. Hort. 1869, 33, t. Cotoneaster mimmularia Fischer & Meyer in Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. II. 31. (1835). — Aitchison in Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. III. 64, t. 9 (1888). Cotoneaster Fontanesii, a Desfontainii Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. II. 312. (1873). Cotoneaster numularia, /3 racemiflora Wenzig in Linnaea, XXXVIII. 189 (1874). The type does not occur in China, but there are two well-marked varieties in Hupeh and western Szech'uan. Cotoneaster racemiflora, var. soongorica Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 754, fig. 424 i (1906). Cotoneaster Nummularia Trautvetter in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. XXXIII. pt. I. 531 {Enum. PI. Songor. Schrenk.) (1860). Cotoneaster nummularia, var. soongoricum [sic] Regel & Herder in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. XXXIX. pt. II. 58 (PL Semenov. No. 381) (1866). Cotoneaster Fontanesii, var. soongorica Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. II. 313 (1873). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, alt. 2600-3000 m., bush 2.5 m. tall, June and October 1908 (No. 1317); valley of Hsao-chin Ho near Monkong Ting, alt. 2300-3000 m., June 1908 (Nos. 2166, 2168; bush 2-3 m. tall); Min Valley near Sung-pan Ting, alt. 2600 m., Septem- ber 1910 (No. 4015^ bush 1-2 m. tall); wdthout locality, alt. 3900 m., arid places, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3514; bush 2 m. tall). EOSACEAE. — COTONE ASTER 169 This 13 a common ahrub in the dry, arid river valleys of western Szech'uan. In No. 1317 the fruits have usually only one stone and the hypostyle covers about one half of it all around, while in No. 4015''' usually two stones are present with the hypostyle covering about one third of the dorsal side. Cotoneaster racemiflora, var. microcarpa Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Frutex 1-2-metralis ramis gracilibus virgatis; ramuli hornotini initio villosuli, demum glabrcscentes, annotini fusco-rubri, nitiduli, vetustiores cinereo-fusci. Folia decidua, ovalia v. ovali-elliptica, rarius obovata, obtusa, rarius acutiuscula v. emarginata, mucronata, basi cuneata, rarissime rotundata, 10-17 mm. longa et 6-10 mm. lata, supra initio sparse villosi, demum glabra, obscure viridia, subtus ap- presse cinereo-tomentosa, interdum demum glabrescentia et pallide viridia; petioli graciles, 3-5 mm. longi, villosuli, saepe demum glabre- scentes. Flores ignoti. Fructus 2-4 in racemis laxis, pedicellis cum pedunculo 1-1.5 cm. longis gracilibus villosulis v. fere glabris, ovoidei, 6-7 mm. longi et 5 mm. diam., apice truncato aperti, basi contracti, saturate rubri, glabri; pyrenae 2, 4-4.5 mm. longae et 3 mm. diam., ventre planae, nitidulae, stylum paullo infra apicem gerentes, dorso leviter sulcatae, brunneae, hypostylio quadrantem dorsi occupante flavido-brunneo villosulo nitidulo. Western Szech'uan: Min Valley, near Sung-pan Ting, alt. 2300- 2600 m., September 1910 (No. 4014). This variety approaches Cotoneaster racemiflora, var. soongorica in the character of its pubescence, but the small, ovoid fruits easily distinguish it from tliis and all other forms of Cotoneaster racemiflora. It may possibly be a distinct species. Cotoneaster hupehensis Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Cotoneaster integerrima Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 260 (pro parte, non Medikus) (1887). Frutex 1.5 m. altus ramis gracilibus divaricatis; ramuli initio ap- presse villoso-tomentosi, demum glabrcscentes; annotini fusco-rubri, glabri, nitiduli. Folia decidua, ovata v. ovalia ad elliptica, obtusa v. acutiuscula, mucronulata, rarissime emarginata, 1.5-2.8 cm. longa et 1-1.8 cm. lata, supra sparsissime accumbenti-pilosa, demum glabra, nitidula, saturate viridia, subtus tomento cinereo tenui sed denso obtecta, nervis utrinsecus 4-5 supra impressis subtus elevatis; petioli graciles, 3-5 mm. longi, villosuli. Corymbi numerosi secus ramos elongatos in apice ramulorum brevium lateralium, 3-7-flori; pcdicelli cum pedunculo 1-1.5 cm. longi, villoso-tomentosuli; calyx densius V. laxius villosulus, interdum cito glabrescens, dentes late triangulares 170 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA vix 1 mm. longi, villosuli; petala alba, subrotundata, circiter 5 mm. diam., breviter unguiculata, basi intus pilosa; stamina circiter 20, longiora petalis paullo breviora, antheris flavis; carpidia 2, apice villosa. Fructus globosus, 8-10 mm. diam., ruber, leviter pruinosus; pyrenae 2, arete coherentes, obovoideae, 5-6 mm. longae et 4-5 mm. diam., ventre planae, stylum in apice gerentes, dorso valde convexae, sulcis distinctis 4-5, hypostylio apicem applanatum tantum obtegente irregulariter gibboso villosulo. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, 1300-2000 m., not common, October 1907 (No. 334, type); Pao-kang-Hsien, August 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 2030''). Eastern Szech'uan: South Wush&n, A. Henry (No. 5525). Western Szech'uan, without locahty, chffs, etc., 2100 m., August 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3509; shrub 4 m. tall). This species seems most closely related to C. multiflora Bunge, but is easily dis- tinguished by the densely tomentulose lower surface of the leaves, the villose in- florescence and by the small hypostyle of its stones. From C. racemiflora K. Koch it differs in the larger flowers, longer stamens with yellow anthers, larger globose fruit, and by the hypostyle covering only the flattened apex of the stones. Cotoneaster multiflora Bunge in Ledebour, Fl. Alt. II. 220 (1830). — Ledebour, Ic. FL Ross. III. 22, t. 274 (1831). — Schneider, III. Handh. Lauhholzk. I. 755, fig. 424 c, m-n (1906). Cotoneaster reflexa Carriere in Rev. Hort. 1870-71, 520. — Andr6 in Rev. Hort. 1892, 327, fig. 100. Cotoneaster vulgaris, var. glabrata Hort. ex Kew Hand-list Trees and Shrubs, I. 213 (synon.) (1894). Western Szech'uan: near Tachien-Iu, alt. 1600-2300 m., Sep- temper 1908 (No. 1061, bush 1.5-3 m., fruit dark-red); north of Tachien-lu, alt. 2400-3000 m., Sept. 1910 (No. 413 1, bush 2-2.5 m., fruit scarlet). Shensi: north-west of Han-chung Hsien, 1910, W. Purdom; Yenan Fu, 1910, W.Purdom. Chili: east Wei-chang, 1909, W. Purdom. In the original figure of Cotoneaster multiflora Bunge the fruit is shown as oblong- ovoid, whereas in the Chinese specimens the fruit is globose when mature but elongate in early stages of development. We rather suspect the figure cited above as made from immature specimens. In Shensi this species is apparently very common. In western Szech'uan it is con- fined to dry warm river-valleys and is not common. In both the Shensi and Sze- ch'uan specimens before us the mature leaves are glabrous and subglaucescent below. Cotoneaster multiflora, var. calocarpa Rehder & Wilson, n. var. A typo recedit foUis majoribus 2.5-4.5 cm. longis et 1.5-2.6 cm. latis, ROSACEAE. — COTONEASTER 171 elliptico-ovatis v. anguste elliptico-ovatis, apicem versus attenuatis, obtusis V. acutiusculis, mucronatis, subtus ad costam laxe adpresse villosis, ceterum sparse villosis v. fere glabris, fructibus copiosis majoribus, 10-12 mm. diam., laete rubris. Western Szech'uan: Valley of Min river near Sungpan Ting, alt. 2300-2600 m., September 1910 (No. 4015). This variety differs from the type chiefly in the larger and comparatively narrower leaves being sUghtly hairy on the lower surface, and in the larger fruits. In the character of its leaves it resembles very much a flowering specimen from the Caucasus we have before us. On account of its large and copiously produced fruit it is very ornamental. No. 0329 of Wilson's photographs represents the shrub in full fruit from which the type specimens were taken. Cotoneaster tenuipes Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1-2-metralis ramis gracilibus; ramuli hornotini tomento cinereo-flavescente villoso-strigilloso obtecti, mox glabrescentes et fusco-purpurei, ramuli annotini glabri. Folia decidua, elliptico- ovata V. ovata v. anguste elliptico-ovata, acuta v. obtusiuscula, ea ramulorum elongatorum interdum breviter acuminata, basi late cuneata, 1.2-3.5, plerumque 2-3 cm. longa et 7-16, plerumque 10-12 mm. lata, supra initio sparse pilosa, laete viridia, subtus tomento cine- reo accumbenti-villoso obtecta, nervis utrinsecus 3-4, supra leviter impressis, subtus leviter elevatis v. obsoletis; petioli villosuli, 3-5 mm. longi; stipulae membranaceae subulatae, pubescentes, circiter 5 mm. longae, mox deciduae. Flores ignoti. Fructus solitarii v. bini in apice ramulorum lateralium brevium, pedicellis cum pedunculo 4-8 mm. longis gracilibus tenuibus sparse villosulis, ovoidei, 10 mm. longi et 6 mm. diam., apicem applanatam versus plus minusve villosuli; py- renae 2, obovoideae, 6-6.5 mm. longae et 4 mm. diam., ventre planae, nitidulae, stylum paullo infra apicem gerentes, dorso irregulariter sul- catae, hypostylio trientem dorsi occupante flavo-brunneo villosulo nitidulo. Western Szech'uan: Min Valley, Sung-pan Ting, alt. 2600 m., August 1910 (No. 4544). In the absence of flowers it is uncertain to which section this species belongs, but it seems most nearly related to C. racemiflora K. Koch from which it differs chiefly in the usually acute or even short-acuminate leaves, the nearly black, usu- ally solitary fruits and the narrower stones. Cotoneaster glabrata Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 3-5-metralis ramis validiusculis; ramuli hornotini initio sparse adpresse pilosi, mox glabri, leviter angulati, virides v. plerumque 172 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA purpurascentes, annotini fusco-purpurei, vetustiores obscure fusci Folia coriacea, oblanceolato-oblonga, rarius oblongo-lanceolata, acu- minata, basi cuneata, 4-7 cm. longa et 1.4-2.5 cm. lata, supra glabra, laete viridia, subnitentia, minute rugulosa, subtus initio sparse floccoso- villosa, mox glabrescentia, demum glabra, glauca, margine leviter revoluta, utrinsecus nervis 7-10 ut costa supra impressis subtus elevatis; petioli 5-7 mm. longi, initio sparse villosuli, demum glabri, basi auricu- lati; stipulae membranaceae, oblongae, 3 mm. longae, cito caducae. Corymbus multiflorus, fere planus, 2.5-4 cm. diam., in^apice ramu- lorum terminalium et lateralium brevium; pedicelli breves, 1-4 mm. longi, cum pedunculo 1.5-2 cm. longi, sparse adpresse pilosi, glabre- scentes, subangulosi, virescentes, bracteis bracteolisque membranaceis minutis caducis; calycis tubus turbinatus, sparse pilosus v. fere glaber, dentes orbiculari-ovati, circiter 1 mm. longi, glabri; petala suborbicu- laria, patentia, 2-3 mm. diam., basi abrupte unguiculata; stamina 20, petalis paullo breviora, antheris purpureis; carpidia 2, apice sparse villosa; styli staminibus triente breviores, stigmate capitato concavo. Fructus desiderantur. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, alt. 2000-2800 m., rare, July 1906 (No. 2185). Apparently most closely allied to C. saZtci/oKa Franchet and particularly to the var. Pritzelii Schneider, which differs, though its leaves are glabrous or nearly so at maturity, in the pubescent branchlets and inflorescence. Cotoneaster glaucophylla Franchet is easily distinguished by its shorter ovate or oval leaves. Cotoneaster salicifolia Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 3, vol. VIII. p. 225 (PL David. II. 43) (1885). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 759 (1906); in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. III. 221 (1906). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1300-2500 m., June and November 1908 (No. 1133; bush 2-5 m., flowers white, fruit scarlet); Mt. Omei, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 1868; bush 3 m.). In Franchet's original description, cited above, the leaves are given as § cent, broad. This is probably a clerical error for 1-2 cent, broad. The fruits not de- scribed by Franchet are ovoid, about 4 mm. long and 3 mm. across, scarlet; stones 2-3, 3 mm. long, with the style at the apex of the inner surface, and the glabrous hypostyle covering one half or shghtly more of the dorsal side, the hypostyle dark brown, the lower part light brown. Cotoneaster salicifoUa, var. rugosa Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Cotoneaster rugosa Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 385 (1900). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 758, fig. 426 f, 427 g-r (1906); m Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. III. 221 (1806)., ROSACEAE. — COTONEASTER 173 Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, alt. 1600-2000 m., thickets, June and October 1907 (No. 335; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers white, fruit coral-red). Our specimens have shorter leaves and smaller corymbs than those described for the type by Pritzel, otherwise they agree exactly with his description. From the typical Cotoneaster salicifolia this variety is distinguished by the more lanuginose shaggy pubescence of the lower surface of the leaves and of the branchlets, the duller green and smaller, comparatively broader leaves and the larger fruits with usually 2 stones, the hypostyle covering less than one half of the dorsal side. Cotoneaster salicifolia, var. floccosa Rehder & Wilson, n. var, Frutex 2^-metralis ramis gracilibus curvatis; ramuli hornotini initio adpresse villosi, cito glabrescentes, angulati, violascentes, anno- tini rubro-brunnei, vetustiores cinereo-fusci. Folia coriacea, partim persistentia, oblongo-lanceolata, rarius oblanceolato-oblonga v. anguste elliptica, breviter acuminata, basi cuneata, 2-7, plerumque 3-5 cm. longa et 8-18 mm. lata, supra laete viridia, glabra, nitentia, rugosa, subtus initio dense tomento floscoso-villoso albo vestita, demum glabrescentia et glauca, nervis utrinsecus 10-14 supra ut costa mani- festo impressis subtus elevatis glabris rubescentibus; petioli 3-5 mm. longi, cito glabrescentes. Corymbus densus, 2-3 m. diam., 9-15-florus; pedicelli cum pedunculo 0.5-4 m. longi, adpresse villosi ut calycis tubus; calycis dentes triangulares, 1 mm. longi; petala nondum evo- luta. Fructus subglobosus, circiter 6 mm. diam., laete ruber; pyrenae plerumque 3, rarius 2 v. 4, oblongo-triangulares, 3.5-4 mm. longae et 1.5-2 mm. diam., utrinque acutae, stylum in apice gerentes, hypo- stylio dimidium dorsum v. ultra occupante glabro. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, alt. 2300-2600 m., July and November 1908 (No. 1133'*, type); same locality, alt. 2600-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4199)- Easily distinguished from the type and other varieties by its floccose caducous tomentum. The leaves too are narrower and the fruits a brighter red.^ ^ An allied species is the following of which a full description may be added here. Cotoneaster Harroviana Wilson in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LI. 3. (1912). Frutex 1.5-2 m. altus ramis divaricatis curvatis; ramuli hornotini initio tomento villoso flavescenti-cinereo adpresso vestiti, mox glabrescentes, annotini glabri, fusco-rubri. Folia subcoriacea partim persistentia, elliptico-oblonga, rarius el- liptica V. ovalia v. obovato-oblonga, acuta v. breviter acuminata, mucronata, basi cuneata, 2.5-4.5 cm. longa et 1-1.5 cm. lata, supra initio sparse pilosa, cito glabre- scentia, leviter rugulosa, saturate viridia, subnitentia, subtus dense tomento villoso initio flavescente obtecta, demum ad costam venasque saepe glabrescentes, secundo anno interdum partim glabrescentia et epidermidem glaucescentem papillosam detegentia, nervis utrinque 8-10 supra impressis subtus elevatis; petioli 4-5 mm. longi, villosi. Corymbus pluriflorus, densus, 3-4 cm. diam., 2-2.25 cm. longus, 174 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Cotoneaster Henryana Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Cotoneaster frigida Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 386 (non Wallich) (1900). Cotoneaster rugosa, var. Henryana Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 758, fig. 426 g, 427 m-m' (1906); in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. III. 221 (1906). — Weathers in Card. Chron. ser. 3, XL VI. 339, fig. 148 (1909). Frutex 2^-metralis ramis robustis; ramuli hornotini tomento fla- vido-cinereo adpresso villoso obtecti basin versus saepius glabrescentes, annotini glabrescentes v. glabri, purpureo-fusci v. flavo-fusci. Folia ehartacea, decidua, oblongo-elliptica v. oblongo-lanceolata, 6-9 cm. longa V. interdum longiora, 2-3 cm. lata, acuta v. breviter acuminata, mucronata, basi cuneata, supra obscure viridia, pilis accumbentibus conspersa, leviter rugulosa, demum glabrescentia, subtus tomento albo-cinereo villoso laxe obtecta, ad costam venasque densius et flavescente, nervis utrinsecus 8-10 supra impressis subtus elevatis; petioli robusti, 4-8 mm. longi, dense villosi; stipulae membranaceae, lanceolatae, rubescentes, 5-6 mm. longae, deciduae. Corymbus laxus, planus, 4-6 cm. diam., 2-4 cm. longus, bracteis bracteolisque minutis caducis; pedicelli breves, 0.5-3 mm. longi ut pedunculi dense adpresse villosi; calycis tubus turbinatus, dense adpresse villosus, dentes triangu- lari-ovati, circiter 1.5 m. longi, obtusi v. acutiusculi, plerumque mucro- nati, interdum glabrescentes; petala suborbicularia, 2.5-3 mm. diam., basi breviter unguiculata, margine eroso, alba, patentia; stamina 20, petalis paullo breviora, antheris purpureis; carpidia 2, apice pilosa, stylis staminibus subaequilongis, stigmate capitato. Fructus ovoideus, 7 mm. longus et 5 mm. diam., ruber, sparse pilosus v. fere glaber; pyrenae 2, obovoideae, 3.5-4 mm. longae et 2.5-3 mm. diam., stylo apici inserto, hypostylio dorsi trientem rarius ultra occupante villo- sulo paullo pallidiore quam pars inferior dorsi. bracteis bractiolisque subulatis villosis deciduis 3-5 mm. longis; pedicelli brevis- simi ut peduncuU adpresse villosi; calycb tubus turbinatus, adpresse villosus ut dentes triangulares acuti 1.5-2 mm. longi; petala orbicularia, 3 mm. diam., brevis- sime unguiculata, patentia, concava, erosa; stamina 20, petalis paullo breviora, antheris carneo-purpureis; carpidia 2, apice sparse villosa, styUs staminibus fere aequilongis, stigmate capitato. Fructus desiderantur. Yunnan: 10 miles to south-west of Mengtsze, alt. 1600 m., November 1899, seeds collected in Veitch Expedition; specimens from Hort. Veitch, June 1911, No. 1315, type; mountains north of Mengtze, A. Henry (No. 10785). A handsome species most closely allied to C. coriacea Franchet, which has obo- vate, rounded more coriaceous leaves. In Henry's specimen the leaves are rather smaller, more obtuse, and the calyx shows a tendency towards becoming glabrescent. From C. pannosa Franchet, with which it has been confounded in cultivation, its larger, more coriaceous, shining green leaves and larger corymbs readily dis- tinguish it. I ROSACE AE. — COTONE ASTER 175 Western Hupeh: A.Henry (No. 5752, type); Hsing-shan Hsien alt. 1600 m., thickets, July 1907 (No. 2182; bush 2-4 m. tall); Patung Hsien, alt. 1600-2000 m., woodlands, June 1907 (No. 2183; bush 2-2.5 m. tall). Eastern Szech'uan: South Wushan, mountains, 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1384, flowers and ripe fruit; bush 3 m.). In it3 much larger leaves, pubescent on both surfaces and of softer texture, in its more densely villose branches and ovoid fruits, this Hupeh plant differs distinctly from Cotoneasler salicifolia Franchet and its varieties. It seems better to regard it as a distinct species rather than an extreme form of that species. We have given a complete description of this species, since Schneider, when he established it as a variety of Cotoneasler rugosa Pritzel, gave only a few distinguish- ing characters. In Fedde's Repertorium cited above, Schneider refers this plant to the typical Cotoneasler salicifolia Franchet, a view which to us is quite untenable. On No. 1384 (Veitch Exped.) Schneider (1. c.) based his Cotoneasler rugosa, var. Pritzelii. The specimen in the Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum bearing that number is typical Cotoneasler Henrijana and does not in the least agree with Schnei- der's description. The only specimen we have seen which shows any approach to Schneider's var. Pritzelii is from a plant cultivated in the Veitchian nurseries and distributed under the name of Cotoneasler rugosa, var. Henryi. Cotoneaster rhytidophylla Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2-metralis ramis robustis; ramuli hornotini tomento ad- presse villoso lanuginoso flavescente dense vestiti, annotini sparse villosi, obscure fusci v. griseo-fusci. Folia coriacea, partim persis- tentia, elliptico-oblonga v. ovato-oblonga v. oblongo-lanceolata, 3-5.5, plerumque 4-5 cm, longa et 1-2 cm. lata, acuminata, basi attenuata, margine revoluta, supra luteo-viridia manifeste rugosa, initio sparse pilosa, demum glabrescentia et subnitentia, subtus dense tomento lanuginoso-villoso flavescente obtecta, reticulata, nervis utrinsecus 5-8 supra valde impressis, subtus elevatis; petioli robusti, 3-5 mm. longi, dense flavo-tomentosi; stipulae membranaceae, subulatae, sparse villosae, rubescentes, deciduae. Fructus immaturus, auran- tiaco-ruber, pyriformis, 6 mm. longus et 4 mm. diam., 5-12 in corymbis densis 2.5-3 cm. diam. et 1.5-2 cm. longis, pedicellis brevissimis ut pedunculi dense flavescenti-villosis ; pyrenae 3-4, triangulari-obo- voideae, 5-6 mm. longae et 3-3.5 mm. diam., ventre carinatae, stylum in apice v. paullo infra gerentes, dorso vix sulcatae, hypostylio circiter trientem dorsi occupante viUosulo. Western Szech'uan: Wa-wu-shan, Hung-ya Hsien, on cliffs, alt. 1300 m., September 1908 (No. 2184). A strikingly distinct species, most nearly related to C. salicifolia Franchet, from which it is easily distinguished by its strongly wrinkled leaves densely clothed with thick yellowish tomentum beneath, by the similar tomentum of the branchlets and by the pyriform fruit with 3 or 4 stones. 176 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Cotoneaster Dammeri Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 760, fig. 429 h-k (1904); in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. III. 222 (1906). Cotoneaster humifusa Duthie apud Veitch, Hart. Veitchii, 396 (1906). Western Hupeh: without locahty, June and October 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1966, type); Changyang Hsien, alt. 1300 m., uplands, November 1907 (No. 481; prostrate over rocks, etc.). Cotoneaster Dammeri, var. radicans Schneider, III. Handb. Lauh- holzk. I. 760, fig. 428 a-b (1906); in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. III. 222 (1906). Cotoneaster radicans Dammer in Herb. Berol. ex Schneider, 1. c. (synon.) (1906). A typo praecipue differt inflorescentiis 1-2-floris 1-1.5 cm. longis, foliis saepe obovatis longius petiolatis petiolis 3-7 mm. longis gracihbus. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, alt. 2000-2600 m., uplands, June and October, 1908 (No. 1071; prostrate shrub): without locality, rocks, alt. 2600 m.. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3510). The character on which Schneider founded this variety breaks down, but the long peduncles and pedicels and constantly one or two flowered racemes separate it from the Hupeh form. The Hupeh plant has constantly shorter pedicels and peduncles. Schneider's original description of the inflorescence fits the variety better than it does the type judging by the specimens we have before us. The fruit is globose and bright scarlet, and the normal habit of the plant prostrate and rooting. When hanging down free from the soil over cliffs the rooting habit is arrested. Cotoneaster microphylla Wallich apud Lindley in Bot. Reg. XIII, t. 1114 (1827). — Baker in Refug. Bot. II. 49 (1896). — Hooker, f., Fl. Brit. Ind. II. 387 (1878). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 760, fig. 428 f-h, 429 g (1906). We have seen no specimens from China which are identical with the type. Cotoneaster microphylla, var. cochleata Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Cotoneaster buxifolia, forma cochleata, Franchet, PL Delavay. 224 (1890). Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, alt. 2300-2600 m., June 1908 (No. 2189; prostrate over rocks, flowers white). Cotoneaster microphylla, var. vellaea Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Cotoneaster buxifolia, forma vellaea Franchet, PI. Delavay. 224 (1890). I ROSACE AE. — PYRACANTHA 177 Western Szech'u an: north of Tachien-lu, alt. 3000 m., July 1908 (No. 2i88, growing appressed to rocks, or hanging over cliffs, flowers white). This variety is well-marked; its small leaves are pubescent on both surfaces and the margins are very little reflexed. Here may be added the description of a new species of which neither the ripe fruits nor the petals are known and which therefore cannot with absolute certainty be referred to one of the sections. Cotoneaster breviramea Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 60-75 cm. altus ramosissimus ramis brevibus plus minus tortuosis; ramuli hornotini annotinique breviter villoso-tomentosi, vetustiores obscure grisei, in- novationes plurimi brevissimi internodiis minimis v. fere nullis, inde rami ob bases pctiolorum persistentes dense verrucosi. Folia subcoriacea, partim persis- tentia, elliptica v. elliptico-oblonga v. oblonga, acuta v. obtusiuscula, plerumque mucronulata, basi cuneata, 8-15 mm. longa et 4-6 mm. lata, supra initio dense villosa, tarde glabrescentia, demum nitidula, minute reticulata, subtus tomento villoso albido obtecta, utrinsecus nervis cireiter 2 supra obsoletis subtus leviter elevatis; petioli dense villosi, 1-2 mm. longi; stipulae membranaceae, subulatae, villosae, 1-1.5 mm. longae. Flores terminates, subsessiles, plerimique soUtarii, rarius bini, rarissime terni, basi bracteis subulatis villosis; calycis tubus ovoideo- turbinatus, cireiter 4 mm. longus, adpresse villosus, dentes late triangulares acuti, 1 mm. longi; petala desunt; stamina 20, sepalis longiora; carpidia 2, apice dense villosa. Fructus desiderantur. Western Szech'uan: without locality, exposed rocks, alt. 1800 m., July 1903, (Veitch Exped. No. 3513). This species, which in its habit and general appearance is unlike any other species, most resembles C microphylla, var. vellaea Rehder & Wilson, but the leaves are larger and longer and much more hairy on the upper surface and the habit la quite different. PYRACANTHA Roem. Determined by E. H. Wilson. P3rracantha crenulata Roemer in Fam. Nat. Syn. III. 220 (1847). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 761, fig. 430 c-d, 431 g-h (1906). Mespilus Pyracantha Loureiro, Fl. Cochin. 320 (non Linnaeus) (1790). Crataegus crenulata Roxburgh, Hort. Beng. 38 (nomen nudum) (1814). Mespilus crenulata, D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 238 (1825). Crataegus crenulata Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. II. 509 (1832). — Lindley in Bot. Reg. XXX. t. 52 (1844). Crataegus pyracantha, var. crenulata Loudon, Arh. Brit. II. 844 (1838). Pyracantha chinensis Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. III. 220 (1847). Cotoneaster crenulata K. Koch, Dendr. I. 175 (1869). Sportella atalantoides Hance in Jour. Bot. XV. 207 (1877). Crataegus Pyracantha Hemsley in Journ. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 260 (non Medikus) (1887). 178 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Cotoneaster Pyracantha Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX 386 (non Spach) (1900). — Pampanini in Nuov. Giom. Bot. Ital., nuov. ser. XVII. 288 (1910). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, abundant, alt. 300-1300 m., May and December 1907 (No. 662; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers white, fruit scarlet); Hsing-shan Hsien, roadside thickets, alt. 1000-1300 m., June 1907 (No. 2984; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers white); Fang Hsien, side of streams, alt. 1300 m., June 1907 (No. 2986; bush 2-2.5 m. tall, flowers white); Fang Hsien, July 1901 ( Veitch Exped. No. 349) . WesternSzech'uan: Valley of Min river, Wen-chuan Hsien, alt. 1300-2000 m., June and November 1908 (No. 2985; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers white, fruit orange-scarlet); Mt. Omei, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 4871, 4871 a). Yunnan: Mengtsze, alt. 1800 m., A. Henry (No. 10625). An exceedingly common shrub very variable in size and texture of leaves but always with glabrous inflorescence and flowers. In shape the leaves are fairly constant but vary much in degree of crenation. The fruits vary from red to orange- Bcarlet; the leaves are commonly used as "Tea." No. 2984 has very thin leaves; No. 2986 has elliptic-oblong leaves, 5-8 cm. long, very sparingly toothed and subglaucous below. CRATAEGUS L. Determined by C. S. Sargent. Crataegus hupehensis Sargent, n. sp. Arbor v. frutex 3-5-metralis; ramuli hornotini tenues glabri, annotini patentes, fusci v. purpureo-f usci ; spinae rectae 1.5 cm. longae. Folia membranacea, ovata v. ovato-oblonga, acuminata, basi cuneata v. rotundata, serrata dentibus incurvis glandulosis, supra medium 3- v. 4-lobata, lobis acutis v. acuminatis, supra nitida, sparse villosa, demum glabrata, subtus glabra, in axillis nervorum barbata, 8-10 cm. longa, 4.5-8 cm. lata; petioU tenues glabri, eglandulosi, 3.5-5 cm. longi; sti- pulae foliaceae, lanceolatae v. cordato-falcatae, glanduloso-serratae, deciduae. Corymbus multiflorus, compactus, glaber, pedicellis 4-5 mm. longis; flores 1-1.2 cm. diam.; calycis tubus campanulatus glaber, lobis brevibus triangularibus apiculatis integris glabris post anthesin reflexis; stamina 20 antheris carneo-roseis; styli 5, basi tomento pallido circumdati. Fructus subglobosus, atroruber, conspicue punctatus, 2.5 cm. latus, 2 cm. longus; calyx persistens, tubo lato vadosoque in fundo sparse tomentoso, lobis adpressis persistentibus V. deciduis; pericarpium crassum, succulentum, edule; pyrenae 5, 10 ROSACEAE. — CRATAEGUS 179 mm. longae, 6 mm. latae, apice rotundatae, basi acutae, dorso obtuso- costatae, hypostylio angiistissimo, 3^ ventris partem occupante. Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, alt. 1000-1800 m. May and October, 1907 (No. 446), June 5, 1907 (No. 2988); Nanto, April 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 196) : A. Henry (No. 7522). Like Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge in northern China, C. hupehensis is largely culti- vated as a fruit tree in some districts in Hupeh. Specimens with young flower-buds and only half-grown fruits collected by D. Macgregor in the vicinity of Ningpo in 1908, judging by the flower-buda of the spring branch, may belong to this species, but the very immature fruit is distinctly obovate. Crataegus kulingensis Sargent, n. sp. ^ ^. 4^^i^^^^^^^^ ^^J • / Frutex 3-7-metralis; ramuli hornotini tenues, recti, rubidi, nitidi; annotini fusco-aurantiaci, lenticellis numerosis oblongis albidis; spi- nae rectae, sparsae, 1-1.2 cm. longae. Folia membranacea, ovata V. obovata, acuminata v. acuta, basi cuneata in petiolum alatum decurrentia, serrata dentibus acuminatis incurvis glanduloso-apicu- latis, supra medium 3-4-lobata lobis latis acuminatis, supra glabra nitida, subtus villosa, ad costam nervosque densissime; petioli tenues, sparse villosi, eglandulosi, 1.5-2 cm. longi; stipulae foliaceae, cordatae, glanduloso-serratae, persistentes. Flores ignoti. Fructus (imma- turus?) subglobosus, sed latior quam longus, apice truncatus, basi rotundatus, atroruber, nitidus, conspicue punctatus, 1 cm. longus, 1.2 cm. latus; calyx persistens, tubo lato vadosoque, lobis acuminatis serratis supra medium sparse villosis reflexis; pericarpium crassum, succulentum; pyrenae 3, extremitatibus obtusis, dorso costatae costis carinatis, 6 mm. longae, hypostylio angusto, 3^ partem ventris occupante. Kiangsi; Kuling, not common, alt. 800-900 m. August 1, 1907 (No. 1526). Mr. Wilson's specimens differ from those of all other eastern Asiatic species in the shape of the leaves which are probably densely tomentose early in the season, and at midsummer are distinctly villose especially on the midribs and veins, and I have given it a name in spite of the absence of flowers. Crataegus cuneata Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Miinch. 2, IV. 130 {Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. I. 22) (1846).— Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XIX. 176 (1873); in Mel. Biol. IX. 175 (1873).— Hance in Jour. Bot. XVI. 11 (1878). — Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. s^r. 2, V. 118 {PI. David. I. 118) (1884). — Lavall^e, Icon. Arb. Segrez. 13, t. 5 (1885). — Lange, Rev. Spec. Gen. Crataegi, 83. — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 793, fig. 453 s-v, 454 a-c (1906). 180 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Mespiliis cuneata K. Koch in Wochenschr. Gaertn. Pflanzenk. V. 338 (1862). Kiangsi: Kiukiang: alt. 1300m. July 28, 1907 (No. 1524; bush 1-1.3 m. high; thickets, abundant). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, alt. 1000-1300 m. June 9, 1907 (No. 2989; shrub 30-75 cm. high; anthers flesh pink; common). Chekiang: vicinity of Ningpo, D. Macgregor, 1908. Fokien: Dunn's Expedition to Central Fokien (No. 2599). Southern Japan (teste Maximowicz). Crataegus sanguinea Pallas, Fl. Ross. I. 225 (1784). — Ledebour, Fl Alt. II. 221 (1830); Fl. Ross. II. 88 (1844-46). — Ruprecht in Bull. Phys. Math. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XV. 363 (1857).— Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XIX. 176 (1873); in Mel Biol. IX. 175 (1873). — Lange, Rev. Spec. Gen. Crataegi. 69 (1897). Mespilus purpurea Poiret in Lamarck, Encijcl. Meth. Suppl. iv. 73 (1816). Crataegus glandulosa De CandoUe, Prodr. IV. 627 (quoad plantas sibiricas; non Willdenow nee Michaux) (1825). Mespilus sanguinea Spach, Hist. Veg. II. 62 (1834). — K. Koch,' Dendr. I. 151 (1869). Mespilus cosansaki K. Koch in Wochenschr. Gaertn. Pflanzenk. V. 396 (1862); in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. I. 249 (1863-84). Crataegus sanguinea, a genuina Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Peters^ bourg, ix. 101 {Prim. Fl. Amur.) (1859). — Kegel in Mern. Acad. Sci. St. Peters- bourg, scr. 7, IV. pt. iv. 58 (Tent. Fl. Ussur.) (1861). — Korshinsky in Act. Hart. Petrop. XII. 334 (1892). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 771, fig. 437 (^g, 438 d-f (1906). Western Szech'uan: north of Tachien-lu, alt. 3000 m., June 9, 1908 (No. 2987). This specimen with only partly grown fruit is very doubtfully referred to this widely distributed northern Asiatic species. Some of the leaves of Mr. Wilson's specimen are broad and rounded and others cuneate at the base, while those of the eastern Siberian plant, so far as I have seen them, are cuneate at the base. Crataegus Wilsonii Sargent, n. sp. Frutex 1-7-metralis; ramuli tenues, tortuosi v. recti, fusco-auran- tiaci, hornotini tomento villoso-albido vestiti, vetustiores puberuli V. glabri; spinae numerosae rectae v. leviter curvatae, robustae, 1-2.5 cm. longae. Folia membranacea, ovata v. obovata, acuta v. obtusa, basi lata rotundata, subcordata v. cuneata, in petiolum alatum decur- rentia, serrata dentibus rectis acuminatis glandulosis, supra medium, 4-5-lobata lobis latis rotundatis v. acutis, juniora supra villosa, infra dense tomentosa, 4-5 cm. lata, matura supra glabra nitida, subtus sparse villosa; petioli villosi demum glabrati, eglandulosi, 1.5-2 cm. longi; stipulae lanceolatae v. ovatae, falcatae, acuminatae, glanduloso- ROSACEAE. — CRATAEGUS 181 serratae, deciduae. Corymbus multiflorus, compactus, villosus, bracteis foliaceis falcatis glanduloso-serratis post anthesin persis- tentibus, pedicellis sparse villosis, 5 mm. longis; flores 1-1.2 cm. diam.; calycis tubus obconicus, sparse villosus, lobis acuminatis intua pubescentibus post anthesin reflexis; stamina 20, antheris carneo- roseis; styli 2 v. 3, rarissime 1, basi tomento pallido circumdati. Fruc- tus breviter oblongus, coccineus, nitidus, 1 cm. longus, 6-7 mm. latus; calyx persistens, tubo angusto profundo in fundo tomentoso, lobis reflexis; pericarpium crassum succulentum; pyrenae 1-3, 6-7 mm. longae, 4 mm. latae, extremitatibus latae obtusae, dorse obtuse costatae, ventre profunde cavatae, hypostylio angusto Y2 partem ventris occupante. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 2200 m. May 27 and September, 1907, June 15, 1910 (No. 285). This plant is of special interest because it is the first species of the great American group of To7nentosae which has been found in the Old World. It thus forms another important link between the floras of eastern Asia and eastern North America. It has the small late flowers, the small, soft and succulent fruit, and the obtuse nutlets deeply grooved on their inner faces, peculiar to the American species. The thin leaves with veins only slightly impressed on the upper surface place it with C. tomentosa Linnaeus and the other thin-leaved species of the group which are abundant in the Mississippi valley but are rare east of the Appalachian Mountains and do not extend to the Rocky Mountains. A photograph of C. Wilsonii will be found under No. 082 of Wilson's photo- graphs. SPECIERUM ASIAE ORIENTALIS ENUMERATIO. * Pyrenae venter planus, t Nervi in loborum apicem excurrentes. Sect. 1. HENRYANAE, n. sect. Folia membranacea, serrata, longe petiolata, petiolis tenuibus, eglandulosis. Flores parvi; calycis lobi triangulari, apiculati, integri; stamina 20. Frutex sub- globosus, amplus; calyx persistens, tubo lato vadosoque; pyrenae 3-5. Arbores ramulis tenuibus, spinis paucis. 1. Crataegus Henryi Dunn in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXXV. 494 (1903). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 770, f. 435, 1-6 (1906). Yunnan: Mengtze, alt. 1650-2000 m., A. Henry (Nos. 9426, 9426A, 9426B). 2. Crataegus hupehensis Sargent. See p. 178. 3. Crataegus kulingensis Sargent. See p. 179. Sect. 2. CUNEATAE Rehder in Vilmorm & Bois, Frut. Yilmorin. 105 (pro parte) (1904). 4. Crataegus cuneata Siebold & Zuccarini. See p. 179. 182 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA tt Nervi in loborum apicem et in sinus excurrentea. Sect. 3. PINNATIFIDAE Zabel in Beissner, Schelle & Zabel, Handb. Laubholz.- Ben. 178 (1893). 5. Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Pitershourg, II. 100 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor.) (1831). — Ruprecht in Bull. Phys. Math. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XV. 131, 364 (1851). — Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, IX. 101 (Pnm. Fl. Amur.) (1859). — Kegel in Gartenfl. XI. 204, t. 366 (1862).— Hance in Jour. Bot. VIII. 313 (1870). — Korshinsky in Act. Hort. Petrop. XII. 334 (1892). — Lange, Rev. Spec. Gen. Crataegi, 36 t. 3, B (1897). —Henry in Rev. Hort. 1901, 309, t. fig. 2. — Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. XXII. 466 {Fl Man- churiae) (1904). Mespilus pinnatifida K. Koch, Dendr. I. 152 (1869). Crataegus oxyacantha, var. pinnatifida Hegel in Act. Hort. Petrop. I. 118 {Rev. Spec. Gen. Crataegi) (1871-72). Crataegus pinnatifida, var. typica Schneider, HI. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 769, fig. 435 a-f, 436 a-g (1906). Eastern Siberia to Korea and northern China. Crataegus pinnatifida, var. major N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron. n. ser. XXVI. 621, fig. 121 (1886). —Henry in Rev. Hort. 1901, t. fig. 1. Crataegus Korolkoivii Schneider, HI. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 770, fig. 435 g-h, 436 e-h (non Henry) (1906). Often cultivated for its fruit in the neighborhood of Peking and in Korea. This plant does not appear to be known in a wild state. It is aborescent in habit, while the type is usually shrubby ; the leaves are larger and the much larger fruit is distinctly obovate, not short-oblong as in the type. With our present knowledge of the Chinese Crataegi it seems best, however, to consider this a vigor- ous large-fruited form developed by selection and long cultivation. ** Pyrenae venter plus minus rugosus v. cavatus. t Nervi in loborum apicem excurrentes. Sect 4. SANGUINEAE Zabel in Beissner, Zabel & Schelle, Handb. Laubholz.- Ben. 174 (pro parte) (1903). Eusanguineae Rehder in Vilmorin & Bois, Frut. Vilmorin. iii. [1904]. t Fructus sanguineus. 6. Crataegus sanguinea Pallas, see p. 180. 7. Crataegus Maximowiczii Schneider, HI. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 771, figs. 437 a-b', 438 f. a-c (1906). —Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. XXV. 816 {Fl. Manchuriae) (1907). Crataegus sanguinea, /3 villosa Ruprecht in Bull. Phys. Math. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XV. 131 (1857). — Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Peters- bourg, IX. 101 {Prim. Fl. Amur.) (1859). — Regel in Mim. Acad. Sci. St. Peters- bourg, 8&T. 7, IV. pt. iv. 58 {Tent. Fl. Ussur.) (1861). — Fr. Schmidt in Mem. Acad. Sd. St. Petersbourg, sor. 7, XII. No. 2, 128 {Fl. Sachalin.) (1868). — Korshinsky in Act. Hort. Petrop. XII. 334 (1892). — Palabin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIV. 118 (1895). Eastern Siberia to Saghalin and Korea. 8. Crataegus dahurica Koehne, Herb. Dendr. No. 389. — Schneider, HI. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 773, fig. 437 n-o, 438 g-i (1896). Crataegus purpurea Bosc apud De Candolle, Prodr. II. 628 (1825). — Watson, Dendr. Brit. 1. 1. 60 (1825). — Loudon, Arb. Brit. II. 822, fig. 582 (1838). Eastern Siberia. ROSACE AE. — CRATAEGUS 183 tt Fructus niger. 9. Crataegus chlorosarca Maximowicz in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. LIV. 20 (1879). — Lange, Rev. Spec. Gen. Crataegi, 88 (1897). — Komarov in Act. Hort. Pelrop. XXII. 471 {Fl. Manchuriae) (1904). —Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 773, fig. 437 p-q, 438 n-o (1906). Saghalin to Korea and northern Japan. 10. Crataegus dsungarica Lange, Rev. Spec. Gen. Crataegi, 43 (1897). — Schnei- der, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 774, fig. 437 k-m, 438 g-i. (1906). Crataegus pinnatifida, a songarica Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. III. 447 (1903). Mespilus dsungarica Hort. apud Dieck Cat. Hort. Zoschen, 1885, 49 (nomen nudum). Shan-tung: August 1907, F. N. Meyer (No. 285). Eastern Siberia. Meyer's specimen is without flowers or fruit, but the leaves closely resemble those of C. dsungarica cultivated in the Arnold Arboretum and obtained from Spilth's Nursery in Berlin. I have not seen wild specimens from Siberia. Sect. 5. TOMENTOSAE Sargent in Rhodora, iii. 77 (1901). 11. Crataegus Wilsonii Sargent. See p. 180. tt Nervi in loborum apicem et in sinus excurrentes. Sect. 6. OXYACANTHAE Zabel m Beissner, Schelle & Zabel, Handb. Laub- holz.-Ben. 175 (1903). 12. Crataegus chitaensis Sargent, n. sp. Frutex; ramuli tenues, tortuosi v. recti, glabri, rubri, nitidi; spinae rectae, tenues, rubrae 1-1.2 cm. longae. Folia membranacea, ovata, acuminata basi trun- cata v. cuneata, in petiolum decurrentia, glanduloso-serrata, supra luteo-viridia, nitida, subtus palUda, glabra, in axillis nervorum sparse barbata, 3-4 cm. longa et lata, profunde trilobata, lobis lateraUbus patentibus acuminatis rectis v. recurvis, lobo medio majore trilobulato lobulis acuminatis rectis, nervis in loborum apicem et in sinus excurrentibus; petioU tenues, glabri, biglandulosi; 1-1.5 cm. longi; Btipulae fohaceae, 3-lobatae, glanduloso-serratae, persistentes. Florea ignoti. Fructus subglobosus v. breviter oblongus, rubro-aurantiacus, 6-7 mm. longus, 5-6 mm. latus; calyx persistens, tubo angusto profundo in fundo dense tomentoso, lobis reflexis rubris; pericarpium succulentum; pyrenae 3, 6 mm. longae, 3 mm. latae, apice rotundatae, basi acutae, dorso obtuse-costatae, ventre profunde cavatae cavis orbiculatis. Eastern Siberia: bottom-lands of the Chita River, Chita, C. S. Sargent, August 12, 1903. The shape of the leaves of this plant suggests a small-leaved form of C. pinnati- fida Bunge which does not appear to extend as far east as the valley of the Chita River, but the cavities in the ventral faces of the nutlets separate it from that species and place it with the Oxyacanthae. The shape of the leaves is so different from those of all forms of the species of this group that even without the flowers I do not hesitate to describe it. Geographically C. chitaensis is of considerable in- terest as it is the only species of this group reported from eastern Asia. Sectio incerta. 13. Crataegus Komarovii, nov. nom. Crataegus tenuifolia Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. XVII. 435 (non Britten) (1901); XXII. 470 {Fl. Manchuriae) (1904). Northern Korea. 184 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA OSTEOMELES Lindley. Determined by E. H. Wilson. Osteomeles Schwerinae Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 762, fig. 430 m, 431 o-r (1906); in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. III. 222 (1906). Osteomeles anthyllidijolia Franchet, PI. Delavay. 227 (non Lindley) (1890). — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. CXX. t. 7354 (1894). Yunnan: Mengtze, alt. 1500-1800 m., A. Henry (Nos. 9315, 9315^ type). Western Szech'uan: banks of Yangtsze river near city of Sui Fu, alt. 360 m., April 1908 (No. 2371; bush 1-1.60 m. tall, flowers white): Min valley, around Mao-chou, alt. 1300-2000 m., May and September 1908 (No. 1016; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers white, fruits black with purple bloom) ; cliffs on Yangtsze near Sui Fu, April 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3518); Tung valley, July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3518"). This western Chinese species is readily distinguished from the insular Osteo- meles anlhyllidifolia Lindley by its smaller and narrower leaves, smaller flowers, glabrescent calyx and glabrous fruit. Osteomeles suhrotunda K. Koch in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. I. 250, figured in Hooker's Icon. XXVII. t. 2644, appears to be more closely related to 0. anthyllidifolia Lindley than to 0. Schwerinae Schneider. In our No. 1016 the calyx is glabrous or nearly so and the sepals shorter than in the type. No. 3518 Veitch Exped. has much larger flowers than the type and they are commonly soUtary. In Szech'uan this plant is restricted to the river-valley where a dry, hot climate obtains. PHOTINIA Lindl. Determined by Alfred Rehder and E. H. Wilson. Photinia serrulata Lindley in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIII. 103 (excl. syn. Crataegus glabra Thunberg) (1821). — Kemsley in J ourn. Linn. Soc. XXXIII. 263 (1887). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 707, fig. 390 a-b, 391 a-b. (1906). Crataegus glabraLoddigea, Bot. Cab. III. t. 248 (1818). —Sims in Bot. Mag. XL VII. t. 2105 (1820). — Savi, Ft. Ital. II. 13, t. 45 (1822). — Loiseleur, Herb. Amat. VIII. t. 554 (1827). — Drapiez, Herb. Amat. VI. 398 (1833). Mespilus glabra Colla, Hort. Ripul. 90 t. 36 (excl. descript.) (1824). Crataegus serratifolia Desfontaines, Cat. Hort. Paris, ed. 3, 408 (1829). Photinia glabra, var. chinensis Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XIX. 179 (1873): in Mel. Biol. IX. 179 (1873). Photinia pustulata S. Moore in Jour. Bot. XVI. 138 (1878). ROSACEAE. — PHOTINIA 185 Kiangsi: Kuling, thickets, alt. 1300 m. July 1907 (No. 1676; bush 2 m. tall). Western Hupeh: south of Ichang, alt. 300-1000 m., May and October 1907 (No. 449; bush or tree 3-10 m. tall, flowers white, fruits scarlet); without precise locality, April and October 1900 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 167, 391,462 a.). Eastern Szech'uan: South Wushan, A. Henry (No. 1490). Western Szech'uan: Mt. Omei, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4873); without precise locality, A. von Rosthorn (No. 1697). Chekiang: vicinity of Ningpo, 1908, D. Macgregor. Yunnan: Mi-le district, A. Henry (No. 9899); Mengtze, A. Henry (Nos. 9899 b, 9795); Linan, A. Henry (No. 10576). A very common evergreen bush or small tree throughout the warm-temperate parts of China, varying considerably in the size and shape of its leaves. The only figure we have found of the true Photinia glabra Maximowicz {Crataegus glabra Thunberg) is published by Shirasawa, Icori. Ess. For. Jap. 1. 83 t. 47, fig. 13-24 (1900). All the early figures appear to us to belong to the Chinese plant, Photinia serrulaia Lindley. It is possible that Henry's Yunnan specimens, which are all in fruit, belong to Photinia Lindleyana Wight & Arnott, but the distinctions between these two species are not very obvious. Photinia Davidsoniae Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Arbor 6-15-metrans coma densa valde ramosa; ramuli hornotini laxe adpresse villosuli, annotini glabri, initio aurantiaco-rubri, demum purpureo-rubri, vetustiores cinerei; gemmae acutiusculae, minutae, vix 1 mm. excedentes. FoHa persistentia, coriacea, oblanceolata v. oblonga, rarissime elliptica, acuminata v. acuta, basi cuneata, 6-15 cm., plerumque 10-12 cm. longa et 3-4.5 cm. lata, margine leviter revoluta, serrulata serraturis glanduliferis, supra laete viridia, nitidula, initio pilis brevissimis conspersa, mox glabra, subtus pallidiora, initio praesertim secus costam adpresse villosa, mox glabra, costa supra impressa, subtus elevata, nervis utrinsecus 10-12 ascendentibus sub- tus vix elevatis. Corymbus terminalis multiflorus, 10-12 cm. diam.; axes secundarii graciles, teretes, sparse villosuli, infimi saepe sub- verticillati; pedicelh 1.5-1 mm. longi, villosuli; bracteae bracteolaeque membranaceae, minutae, caducae; flores 10-12 mm. diam., albi; calycis tubus turbinatus, 3.5 mm. diam., extus sparse adpresse vil- losulus, dentes erecto-patentes, late triangulares, circiter 1 mm. longi, plerumque acutiusculi, mucronulati, utrinque villosuH; petala patentia, orbicularia, 3.5-4 mm. diam., apice rotundata, basi breviter ungui- culata, glabra; stamina 20, 2-serialia, petalis dimidio breviora; ovarium semisuperum, biloculare, apice dense villosum; styli 2, inde 186 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA a medio connati, stamina superantes, basi villosi, stigmate applanato saepe capitate. Fructus aurantiaco-ruber, globosus v. subglobosus, 7-10 mm. longus, glaber, calycis dentibus persistentibus incurvis; semina 2-A, obscure brunnea, ovoidea, 4-5 mm. longa, utrinque acutiuscula. Western Hupeh: near Ichang, alt. 300-600 m., April and Decem- ber 1907 (No. 685, type); south-west of Ichang, alt. 300 m., Novem- ber 1907 (No. 484); mountains south of Ichang, May and October 1900 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 167 a, 391 a, 462); Ichang and immediate neighborhood, A. Henry (Nos. 1649, 7604). Allied to Photinia serrulata Lindley, which has prominent winter-buds 3-4 mm. in diameter, perfectly glabrous and somewhat thicker leaves, the petioles 2-4 cm. long, perfectly glabrous shoots and inflorescence, smaller flowers about 6-7 mm. in diameter and smaller ovoid fruits about 5 mm. in diameter, with the branches of the inflorescence shorter, rather thick and angular in the dried state. This new Photinia is one of the handsomest evergreen trees in central China and is commonly planted around shrines and tombs. The short interior branches are frequently spinescent. The name "Tung-ching" (winter-green) is sometimes applied to this tree, but this name properly belongs to Xylosma raccmosum Miquel. A photograph of this tree will be foimd under No. 678 of Wilson's photographs.^ Photinia villosa De Candolle, Prodr. II. 631 (1825). —Sargent in Garden & Forest I. 67, fig. 12 (1888). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauh- holzk. I. 710, fig. 392 h-i, 393 c-f (1906). Crataegus villosa Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 204 (1784). Stranvaisia digyna Siebold & Zuccarini in Ahh. Akad. Miinch, IV. 2. 129 {Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. I. 21) (1845). Pourthiaea villosa Decaisne in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, X. 147, 149 (1874). — Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. For. Jap. I. t. 29, fig. 1-13 (1900). Pourthiaea Cotoneaster Decaisne, 1. c. Photinia variabilis Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 263 (pro parte) (1887). The type does not occur in central or western China. Photinia villosa, var. sinica Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Arbor 6-8-metralis, gracilis; ramuli hornotini sparse villosi, anno- tini glabri, fusco-rubri, vetustiores grisei, lenticellati ; gemmae ovoideae, acutiusculae, circiter 2 mm. longae, glabrae. Foha membranacea, decidua, elliptica v. oblongo-elliptica, rarius oblongo-obovata, acumi- nata, basi cuneata, rarissime subrotundata, 4.5-8 cm. longa et 1.8-4 cm. lata, minute et argute serrulata, serraturis mucronulatis, supra laete viridia, initio sparse villosa, demum glabra, subtus palHdiora, ^ This species is named for Mrs. Henry Davidson of the Friend Foreign Mission, Chengtu, Szech'uan, as a mark of esteem and in grateful remembrance of services rendered after my serious accident in the autumn of 1910. — E. H. Wilson. ROSACE AE. — PHOTINIA 187 sparse laxe villosa praesertim ad nervos, demum interdum glabra v. fere glabra, utrinsecus nervis 4-6 subtus ut costa elevatis; petioli 2-5 mm. longi, villosi. Racemus v. corymbus 5-8-, rarius ad 15-florus, laxe villosus, ramulos breves terminans; axes secundarii plerumque sim- plices, rarius 3-flori; pedicelli graciles, 1.5-3 cm. longi, fructiferi mani- feste verrucosi; flores albi, 1.5 cm. diam.; calycis tubus late turbinatus, circiter 5 mm. diam., cinereo-villosus, dentes patentes, late triangulares, 2-2.5 cm. longi, extus dense, intus sparse villosi v. fere glabri; petala patentia, orbicularia, circiter 5 mm. diam., apice rotundata, basi breviter unguiculata; stamina 20, petalis breviora; ovarium semi- superum, apice villosum; styli 3, fere ad basin liberi, glabri. Fructus ovoideus v. ovoideo-pyriformis, 14-16 mm. longus et 9-11 mm. diam., aurantiaco-scarlatinus, glaber, calycis dentibus erectis villosulis coro- natus; semina obovoidea, 4-5 mm. longa, obscure brunnea. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, alt. 1300-1600 m., June and Novem- ber 1907 (No. 6io, type); Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1000-1500 m.. May and October 1907 (No. 333); Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1000-1300 m.. May 1907 (No. 2972); without locality (Veitch Exped. No. 714, flowering branch only); A. Henry (No. 7724). Kiangsi: Ruling, side of stream, alt. 1300 m., July 1907 (No. 1666). This variety differs from the type chiefly in its thinner, generally elliptical, leaves, the larger and fewer flowers and fruits and the racemose very rarely (No. 2972) corymbose inflorescence. The specimen from Kiangsi has glabrous leaves. Photinia Beauverdiana Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, VI. 319 (1906); Ul. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 710, fig. 393 p-q (1906). Pourthiaea villosa Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 389 (non Decaisne) (1900). Szech'uan: South Wushan, A. Henry (No. 5599, type). West- ern Hupeh : Fang Hsien, alt. 1300-1600 m.. May 1907 (No. 2974; bush 6 m. tall, flowers white) ; Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 1000-1300 m., May 1907 (Nos. 2970, 2971; bush 3-4 m. tall, flowers white); Nan-to, May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 794) ; Patung Hsien, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1000); without locality (Veitch Exped. No. 964); A. Henry (Nos. 5599 ^ 6268). Kiangsi: foot-hills below Ruling, alt. 300 m., August 1907 (No. 1672; tree 6 m. tafl, very bushy). Szech'uan: North Wushan, A. Henry (No. 7095). Very common as a small slender tree in woods and copses. The leaves vary considerably in size and shape and the inflorescence is also variable in size. The branches, inflorescence and flowers are always glabrous. The Kiangsi specimen has very prominent veins and the leaves are almost subglaucous below. A pho- tograph of P. Beauverdiana will be found under No. 580 of Wilson's photographs and also in his Vegetation 0/ Western China, No. 334. 188 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Photinia Beauverdiana, var. notabilis Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Photinia notabilis Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 711, (1906). Western Hup'eh: without locality, May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 359, type) ; Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1300 m., October 1907 (No. 468; thin tree 6 m. tall, fruit orange-red); Fang Hsien, alt. 1300-2000 m., November 1907 (No. 629; thin tree 6 m. tall, fruits red); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1300-1600 m., June 1907 (No. 2969; thin flat-topped tree 10 m. tall, flowers white); Chang-lo Hsien, woods, alt. 1000-1500 m.. May and July 1907 (No. 2973, in part; tree 6 m. tall, flowers white). This variety has rather thicker, more prominently veined leaves and longer corymbs than the type, but with the mass of material before us we cannot maintain it as a distinct species. The leaves on our specimens measure, excluding the petiole, 9-12 cm. Schneider cites for this variety leaves 9-13 cm. long; otherwise our specimens fit his description exactly. p,/>^t.vt-*"-^''**^^' Photinia Schneideriana Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Arbor circiter 6-metralis, gracilis; ramuli hornotini laxe villosi, demum glabrescentes, annotini glabri, purpureo-fusci, vetustiores grisei, lenticellati; gemmae ovoideae, acutiusculae, atro-brunneae, glabrae. Folia ' decidua, membranacea, oblongo-lanceolata, rarius oblongo-elliptica, longe acuminata, basi late cuneata, 6-11 cm., plerum- que 8-9 cm. longa et 2-5.5 cm., plerumque 3-3.5 cm. lata, supra luteo-viridia, initio sparse villosula, mox glabra, subtus pallidiora, tomento laxo villoso facile detergendo sed ad maturitatem persistente obtecta, nervis utrinsecus 10-15 utrinque leviter elevatis; petioli 6- 10 mm. longi, initio villosi, demum glabri. Corymbus terminalis, multiflorus, 5-7 cm. diam., laxe et sparse villosus; axes secundarii gra- ciliter pedunculati, 3-9-flori; pedicelli 3-8 mm. longi, glabri, fructiferi verrucosi; calycis tubus turbinatus, 2-2.5 mm. longus et 4 mm. diam., glaber, nigrescens (in sicco), dentes erecto-patentes, semi- orbicularia, mucronulati, circiter 1 mm. longi, intus sursum pilosus; petala patentia, suborbicularia, 4-4.5 mm. longa et 3.5-4 mm. lata, apice rotundata, basi brevissime unguiculata, glabra; stamina 20, petalis subaequilonga; ovarium semisuperum, apice villosum; styli 2-3, triente superiore excepta connati, glabri. Fructus ovoideus, 10 mm. longus et 8 mm. diam., scarlatinus, glaber, dentibus persistentibus suberectis v. plus minus incurvis coronatus; semina plerumque 2-3, ovoidea, 5-6 mm. longa, utrinque acutiuscula, obscure brunnea. Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1300-1600 ROSACEAE. — PHOTINIA 189 m., May and October 1907 (No. 476, type); Chang-lo Hsicn, woods, alt. 1000-1500 m., May 1907 (No. 2973 in part, flowers only). Allied to Photinia Beauverdiana Schneider, which has glabrous shoots, differently shaped leaves, puberulent below and glabrous above, and slenderer peduncles and pedicels. Photinia parvifolia Schneider III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 711, fig. 392 0-0' (1906). Pourthiaea parvifolia Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX 389 (1900). Western Hupeh: A. Henry (No. 5830, type number, in part); north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 1000-1600 m., May and October (No. 445; bush 5-2 m. tall, flowers white, fruit red); Patung, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1001). Szech'uan: South Wushan, A. Henry (No. 5517); Nan-ch'uan, Tao-kuo-kow, A. von Rosthorn (No. 211). Photinia subumbellata Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1-3-metralis ramis gracilibus; ramuli glabri, fusco-rubri, vetustiores grisei, lenticellati; gemmae ovoideae, acutae, 3-4 mm. longae, obscure castaneae. Folia decidua, membranacea, brevissime petiolata, elliptico-ovata v. rhombico-ovata, acuminata, saepe subito, basi late cuneata v. fere rotundata, 4-6.5 cm. longa et 2-3.5 cm. lata, argute serrulata, supra initio sparsissime villosa, laete viridia nitidula, subtus pallidiora v. glaucescentia, glabra; petioli 1-2 mm. longi. Racemus umbelliformis sessilis, 2-9-florus, in apice ramulorum brevium lateralium basi foliis 2-3 approximatis sustentus; pedicelli graciles 1-2.5 cm. longi, lenticellati, glabri; calycis tubus turbinatus, circiter 3 mm. longus, glaber, nitidulus, dentes patentes, late ovati, mucronati, circiter 1.5 mm. longi, intus sursum sparse pilosi; petala patentia, orbicularia, 5-6 mm. diam., brevissime unguiculata, apice rotundata, intus ad basin sparse pilosa; stamina 20, petalis triente breviora; ovarium semisuperum, apice dense villosum; styli 2-3, triente superi- ore excepta connati, apice divergentes, circiter 5 mm. longi, stamina paullo superantes. Fructus ellipsoideus, 9-12 mm. longus et 7-9 mm. diam., aurantiaco-ruber v. obscure ruber, purpureo-pruinosus, sepalis persistentibus suberectis coronatus; semina plerumque 2-3, ovoidea, acutiuscula, basi quasi stipitata et curvata, obscure brunnea. Western Hupeh; Changyang Hsien, alt. 1300 m.. May and October 1907 (No. 488, type); Hsing-shan Hsien, side of stream, alt. 1600- 2000 m., October 1907 (No. 398); without precise locahty, ^1. Henry 190 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA (Nos. 4064, 6370, 7664). Szech'uan: A. Henry (No. 5518). Kiangsi: Ruling, side o^ streams, alt. 800-1300 m., July and August 1907 (Nos. 1664, 1673). A well-marked species easily recognized by its sub-umbellate inflorescence subtended by 2 to 3 crowded subaessile leaves, and by the comparatively large flowers on slender glabrous pedicels. Photinia amphidoxa Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Stranvaesia amphidoxa Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boiss. s^r. 2, VI. 319 (1906); III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 713, fig. 394 k-1 (1906). Szech'uan: A. Henry (Nos. 5565, type, 5565^ 7389). Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, alt. 1000-1500 m., June and October 1907 (No. 405; bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers white, fruit scarlet); Chang- yang Hsien, woodlands, 1000-1300 m., May and October 1907 (No. 465, flowering branch only; bush 3 m. tall, flowers white); without locahty (Veitch Exped. No. 714, fruiting branch only). Schneider placed this species into Stranvaesia probably on account of its five styles, but neither the number of styles nor the greater or lesser degree of union between the back of the carpels and the caljrx-tube can be made a character of gen- eric distinction between the genera of the Pomaceae. The fruit seems to us to agree exactly with that of the section Pourthiaea of Photviia except in the complete union of the carpels to the calyx. It has the same granulose flesh, thin papery walls, not separating or splitting and no central cavity, at least we have not been able to detect in the fruit or in the young ovary the free central space as found in Stran- vaesia. In the scarlet color of the fruit and the rugulose or verruculose epidermis it agrees also with Photinia, while Stranvaesia has an orange-red or coral-red fruit with smooth epidermis. Schneider refers to this species a fruiting specimen col- lected by A. von Rosthorn, and gives the measurements of the fruit as 9: 8 mm., but in our specimens the fruits measure about 14 mm. in diameter; they are sub- globose, dark scarlet, very sparingly villose or nearly glabrous except at the apex; the persistent caljrx-teeth are incurved; the apex of the core is villose and alinost flat; the granulose mesocarp does not separate clearly from the endocarp, which ia 5-ceIled with thin papery walls; the seeds are about 6 mm. long, oblong-obovate, narrowed at both ends, particularly at the almost stipitate and slightly curved base. Here may be added the description of three new species based on material of other collections than those of the Arnold Arboretum Expedition. Photinia glomerata Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Arbor 6-10-metralis; ramuli hornotini villoso-tomentosi, annotini glabri, pur- pureo-fusci; gemmae obtusae, 1-2 mm. longae, pubescentes. Folia subcoriacea, decidua, anguste oblonga v. oblongo-oblanceolata, breviter saepe subito acumi- nata, basi cuneata saepe obliqua, 12-18 cm. longa et 5.5-6 cm. lata, margine leviter revoluta, serrulata serraturis glanduliferis, supra luteo-viridia, glabra costa media initio villosula excepta, subtus pallidiora, ad costam tantum villosa demum glabra v. fere glabra, costa supra immersa, nervis utrinsecus 12-18 subtus eleva- tis ut costa; petioli 2-3 cm. longi, adpresse villosi. Corymbus terminalis, 6-10 cm. diam., dense villoso-tomentosus, bracteis bracteolisque lanceolatis villosis 3-5 mm ROSACE AE . — PHOTINIA 191 longis caducis; axes secundarii paniculiformes, pedunculo quam panicula bre- viore, floribus parvis subsessilibus glomerulatis; flores circiter 4 mm. diam., albi, fragrantes; calycis tubus turbinatus, 1 mm. longus et 2 mm. diam. villosus, dentes erecti, minuti, acutiusculi, extus villosi; petala patentia, concava, orbicularia, 2-2.5 mm. diam., apice rotundata, basi breviter unguiculata, intus basin versus sparse villosa; stamina 20, petalis subaequilonga; ovarium semisuperum, apice dense villosum; styli 2, stamina fere aequantes, glabri basi villosa excepta, inde a medio connati, stigmate applanato. Fructus ruber, ovoideus, 5-7 mm. longus, sepalis persistentibus incurvis, apice applanatus et basi villosulus; semina ovoidea, 2.5-3 mm. longa, acutiuscula, obscure brunnea. Yunnan: forests around Szemao, alt. 1500-1600 m., A. Hennj (Nos. 11716, flowers, 11716 a, fruits). A very handsome species well characterized by its nearly sessile clustered flowers and allied to Photinia Griffithii Decaisne, which has different foliage and inflores- cence, pedicellate flowers, obovate petals and pubescent styles. Photinia lancifolia Rehder «&: Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2-3-metralis ramis gracilibus; ramuli hornotini laxe adpresse villosi, mox glabrescentes, annotini glabri, fusco-purpurei, lenticellati; gemmae ovoideae, acu- tiusculae, 2-3 mm. longae. Folia decidua, demum subcoriacea, oblongo-lanceolata V. anguste oblongo-lanceolata, rarius oblonga, acuminata, rarius acuta, basi anguste cuneata, 5-9 cm., plerumque 6-8 cm. longa et 1.5-2.8 cm. lata, adpresse argute serrulata basi excepta, dentibus minute mucronulatis, supra laete viridia, nitidula, glabra v. initio ad partem inferiorem sparse villosa, subtus pallidiora, glabra parte inferiore costae initio sparse villosa excepta, nervis utrinsecus 8-10 subtus ut costaelevatis; petioU 4-8 mm. plerumque 5 mm. longi, initio villosi, demum glabri. Cormybus terminalis satis densus, 2.5-4 cm. diam., villosus, bracteis bracteolisque membranaceis lanceolatis; 3-6 mm. longis caducis; axes secundarii plerumque 3-flori, pedunculo 0.5-1.5 cm. longo, infimi saepe subverticillati; pedicelli 3-5 mm. longi, fructiferi verruculosi, glabri; flores albi, 1.2-1.5 cm. diam., calycis tubus tur- binatus, 3 mm. longus latusque, villosus, dentes erecti, late triangulares, plerumque mucronati, circiter 1 mm. longi, extus villosi, intus glabri; petala patentia, or- bicularia, concava, 5 ram. diam., apice rotundata plerumque leviter emarginata, basi breviter unguiculata, rarius late cuneata, glabra; stamina 20, petalis breviora; ovarium semisuperum, apice dense villosum; styli 3, Uberi v. basin versus connati. Fructus subglobosus, 6-8 mm. longus, glaber, sepalis persistentibus incurvis; semina plerumque 2, ovoidea, utrinque plus minusve acutiuscula, circiter 5 mm. longa, obscure brunnea. Yunnan: near Meng-lieh, alt. 1100 m., A. Henry (No. 12833, type); Szemao, alt. 1300 m., A. Henry (No. 13412). A well-marked species with characteristic willow-like leaves glabrous even when very young. It is most closely allied to the Indian Photinia arguta Decaisne, but differs in many respects from all the forms of this variable species. Photinia berberidifolia Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 60 cm. altus; ramuli hornotini dense adpresse villosuH, annotini glabri epidermate opaco cinereo decorticante et corticem purpureo-fuscum detegente. Foha persistentia, coriacea, approximata, obovata v. oblongo-obovata, acuta, interdum rotundata, basi cuneata, 2-5 cm. longa et 1-2 cm. lata, spinoso-serrata dentibus patenti-erectis utrinque 8-15 glandula minuta brunnea terminatis, margine leviter revoluta, supra laete viridia, glabra, nitentia, subtus pallidiora dense adpresse villosa, secundo anno fere glabra, nervis utrinsecus 6-10 fere rectis plerum- que in dentes exeuntibua supra leviter inmaersis subtus elevatis ut costa; petioli 192 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 2.5-4 mm. longi, villosi, demum glabri; Btipulae lineari-Ianceolatae, petiolum fere aequantes, utrinque plerumque dentibus 2-4 adpressis. Corymbus terminalis, leviter convexus v. fere planus, 2.5-3 cm. diam., axibus subangularibus villosia, brac- teis bracteolisque persistentibus lineari-lanceolatis plerumque pauciserratis dentibua ut apex glandula brunnea terminatis, inferioribua plerumque foliaceis, glabrescenti- bus; axes secundarii 3-1-flori; pedicelli 2-5 mm. longi; flores albi, 9-10 mm. diam.; calycis tubus turbinatus, 3 mm. diam., extus sparse villosus, dentes sub- erecti, late ovati, obtusi, glandula brunnea mucronati, rarius dentibus minutia paucis instructi, intus glabri, extus sparse villosi v. glabri; petala patentia, sub- orbicularia, plerumque leviter emarginata, 3.5 mm. diam.; stamina 20, petalis fere dimidio breviora; ovarium semisuperum apice dense villoso, biloculare; styli 2, con- nati ad medium usque villosi, staminibus pauUo breviores. Fructus desiderantur. A very distinct species which seems nearest to Eriobotrya prionophylla Franchet. In general appearance it greatly differs from all other Photinias. The leaves particularly by their venation recall those of Eriobotrya, but are much smaller, and the inflorescence bears some slight resemblance to that of Raphiolepis. It may not belong to Fhotinia at all, but as long as the fruit is unknown, it may provisionally find its place here, as it agrees in the structure of its flower perfectly with Fhotinia. Western Szech'uan: Tung Valley, very rare, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3508). STRANVAESIA Lindl. Determined by Alfred Rehder and E. H. Wilson.' Stranvaesia Davidiana Decaisne in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, X. 179 (1874). Stranvaesia Henryi Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXXVI. 52 (1905). Western Szech'uan; Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, cliffs, alt. 2300 m., June and October (No. 1064; bush 1.25-3 m. tall, flowers white, fruit scarlet); Mount Omei, October 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3505; bush 1-3.5 m. tall); Mount Omei, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4872; bush 6 m. tall). Number 3505 agrees exactly with Diels' description of his S. Henryi, but with the several specimens before us we are unable to separate it, from S. Davidiana Decaisne. Here also probably belongs Henry's No. 11,325 from Yunnan, which has thinner and broader leaves than the type and^longer petioles. Stranvaesia Davidiana, var. imdulata, Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Stranvaesia undulata Decaisne in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, X. 179 (1874). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 264 (1887). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 713, fig. 394 f-i (1906). — Stapf in Bot. Mag. CXXXVIII. t. 8418, (1912). Western Hup'eh: north and south of Ichang, thickets, alt. 1300- 2000 m., July and October (No. 382; bush 2-4 m. tall, flowers white, fruit coral-red): Pao-kang Hsien, August 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1067). Szech'uan: South Wushan, A. Henry (No. 5698). •^^ I have seen only two pedicels with fruits, each wnth a larger and a smaller fruit. It can, however, hardly be assumed that the species has always such twin-fruits. 208 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA mm. longa, breviter campanulata, glabra; sepala reflexa, anguste lanceolata obtusiuscula, 7 mm. longa, Integra, ciliata; petala oblonga, 15 mm. longa, 6 mm. lata, inciso-biloba, sinu 3 mm. longo anguste triangulari, pallide rosea; stamina 32, petalis subbreviora, ad 12 mm. longa; pistillum 16.5 mm. longum, stylus staminibus parum longior, glaber. Drupa subglobosa, 8.3 mm. longa, 7.5 mm. lata, rubra; puta- men ovatum, juxta carinam planam sulcis obsoletissimis. Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1000-1300 m., April and June 1907 (No. 9). The shape of the calyx of this species and of P. Dielsiana Schneider recalls that of the corolla of Cyclamen. Prunus Dielsiana Schneider, var. laxa Koehne, n. var. Involucra patentia v. subreflexa; pedunculi 6-20 mm. longi, pedi- celli 13-35 mm., cupula 4-5 mm., sepala 7-9 mm. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1600-2300 m., May 14, 1907 (No. 68); Patung Hsien, woods» alt. 1300-1600 m., May and June 1907 (No. 37); Patung Hsien, woods, rare!, alt. 1600 m.. May and June 1907 (No. 37=^). Prunus plurinervis Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 3-6-metralis; ramuli hornotini accumbenti-hirti, annotini glabri, pallide cani v. cinerei; gemmae 2.5 mm. longae, crasse ovatae, pilosae. Stipulae lineares, circiter 5 mm. longae, glanduloso-fim- briatae; petioli 7-11 mm. longi, plus minus glabrati, glandulis plerumque 1-3, laminae basi insertis; lamina e basi rotundata v. emarginata inverse oblonga, intermixtis ovatis v. obovatis, 4-7 cm. longa, 1.8-3.3 cm. lata, subito longe acuminata, argute simpliciter ac duplicato-serrata, dentibus longiusculis, saepe subincurvis, glandula minuta terminatis, supra sparsim strigulosa, subtus in foliis supremis tantum in costa nervisque sparsim v. densiuscule hirta ceterum glabra V. sparsim hirta, in foliis ceteris subglabra, nervis utrinsecus circiter 12-14, supra laete viridis, subtus vix pallidior, rigidulo-papyracea. Flores ignoti, teste Wilson albi; pedunculi fructiferi 3-7 mm. lati, subaccumbenti-pilosi; fructus solitarii v. bini umbellati; bracteae 2-3, rotundatae ad oblongae, 5-10 mm. longae, glanduloso-serratae glandulis capitatis v. conicis, herbaceae, persistentes; pedicelli 21-32 mm. longi, sericeo-hirti v. glabri. Drupa globosa, 10 mm. longa lata- que, rubra; putamen ovato-rotundatum, 8:6:5 mm., juxta carinam planam basique manifeste sulcatum. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 209 Western Szech'uan : south east of Tachien-Iu, woods, alt. 2300- 2600 m., July 1908 (No. 907). Prunus hirtifolia Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 8-metralis; rami hornotini dense rufo-hirsuti, annotini glabri, cinerei; gemmae 2 mm. longae, glabrae. Stipulae lanceolatae v. ob- longae, 8-10 mm. longae, margine glandulis validis conicis, interdum stipitatis ornatae; petioli 10-15 mm. longi, dense rufo-hirsuti, glandulis plerumque 1-2 petioli apice v. laminae basi insertis; lamina e basi acuta V. rotundata ovata v. obovata v. obovato-oblonga, 5-13.5 cm. longa, 3-5.7 cm. lata, subito anguste acuminata, grosse duplicato-, basi apiceque simpliciter serrata, dentibus argute acuminatis glandula parva terminatis, supra sparsim pilis brevibus rigidulis conspersa, subtus dense v. inter nervos laxiuscule hirto-villosa, nervis utrinsecus circiter 10-14, costa subtus ochracea, subtus vix pallidior, membranacea. Flores ignoti. Involucra decidua; pedunculus fructifer nullus v. ad 10 mm. longus, dense pilosus; bracteae solitariae, rotundatae, 5 mm. longae, glandulis marginalibus sessilibus; pedicellus in pedunculo solitarius, 17-24 mm. longus, dense hirsutus. Drupa ovalis, 9 mm. longa, 6.5 mm. lata, verisimiliter rubra; putamen subrotundatum, 7:6:5 mm., juxta carinam obsolete trisulcatus, foveolis obsoletissimis. Western Szech'uan: Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 2300-2600 m., June 1908 (No. 2818). Prunus tenuiflora Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 4-15-metralis; truncus 10-30 cm. diam; ramuli novelli glabri, vetustiores cinerei v. intense fusci; gemmae (mense Julio) vix ultra 2 mm. longae, glabrae. Stipulae angustissime lineares, 9 mm. longae, basi interdum pinnatifidae, longe glanduloso-fimbriatae, deciduae, petioli 10-20 mm. longi, supra dense dein laxius albo-villosi v. demum glabri, glandulis saepe 1-2 petioli apici, rarius laminae basi insertis; lamina e basi cordata v. rotundata obovata v. ovato-oblonga, 4.5-9.5 cm. longa, 2.2-5.1 cm. lata, subito longe acuminata, argute, raro hinc inde duplicato-serrata, dentibus acuminatis, glandula punctiformi v. capitata terminatis, supra glabra v. raro initio pilis conspersa, subtus glabra, nervis utrinsecus circiter 8-9, supra subpallida, subtus parum pallidior, demum papyracea. Involucra sub anthesi persistentia, erecta V. patentia, circiter 1 cm. longa, 0.5 ad fere 2 cm. lata; pedunculus 4-11 mm. V. sub fructu ad 20 mm. longus, pubescens v. glaber; flores 1-3 umbellati v. subumbellati, coaetanei, foliis simul ad 4 cm. longis; bracteae cuneato-obovatae v. oblongae, 3-6 mm. longae, glanduloso- 210 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA fimbriatae glandulis parvis conicis, sub fructu deciduae; pedicelli 17- 23 mm., sub fructu ad 32 mm. longi, basi pubescentes v. villosiusculi, superne glabri, fructiferi glabri; cupula 6.5-10 mm. longa, e basi acuta anguste tubulosa sursum subdilatata, glabra; sepala patentia, oblongo- lanceolata, 4-5 mm. longa, Integra, glabra; petala late obovata, 12-14 mm. longa, 8-10 mm. lata, bilobo-emarginata, alba ad rosea; stamina 30-41, petalis circiter triente breviora, ad 7 v. 8 mm. longa; pistillum 12.5-15 mm. longum, stylus staminibus vix brevior v. paullo longior, glaber. Drupa subglobosa, 8-9 mm. longa, (5.5-)7.5-8.5 mm. diam., nigra; putamen late ovatum, 6-8: 4.2-6.5:2.7-5 mm., sulcis plus minus obsoletis paucis juxta carinam planam exsculptum. Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1000 m., April and June 1907 (No. 3^); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1300- 1600 m., May and June 1907 (Nos. 13, 20); Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 1300-1600 m., May 1907 (No. 51) and June 1907 (No. 51^); Patung, woods, April 1900 (Veitch Exped. No 66"^); Paokang, April 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 723); Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 1600-2300 m.. May and July 1907 (No. 69). Also collected in Hupeh by A. Henry (No. 5833). This species is very similar to P. Sargentii Rehder, but differs in the smaller and apparently paler and thinner leaves, the frequent presence of pubescence on the petioles, in the peduncle (4-20 mm. long), the occasional pubescence of the pedicels, the very slender cupula (6.5-10 mm. long, in P. Sargentii 5.5-7 mm. long) and in the smaller and broader stone (6-8 mm. long, in P. Sargentii 9-10 mm. long). The very similar P. Conradinae Koehne has precocious flowers, leaves with 9-12 pairs of veins and a shorter cupula (4-5 mm. long). Prunus concinna Koehne, n. sp. Frutex 1-2-metralis ; rami vetustiores intense fusci, nitiduli. Folia ignota. Involucra sub anthesi persistentia, 8-9 mm. longa, circa 6 mm. lata; pedunculus nullus; flores 1-2 umbellati, praecoces; pedicelli circiter 8-9 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 9 mm. longa, obconico- tubulosa, glabra; sepala ovato-triangularia obtusiuscula, 4-5 mm. longa, Integra, glabra; petala obovata, 10 mm. longa, 7 mm. lata, baud emarginata, subdenticulato-erosa; stamina 37, petalis paene dimidio breviora, ad 6 mm. longa; pistillum 16 mm. longum, stylus stamina paullo superans, glaber. Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1300-1600 m., Arpil 1907 (No. 2825). It is not impossible that this species does not belong to the subsect. Sargentiella, but to Ceraseidos: this cannot be decided until the leaves are known. ROSACE AE . PRUNUS 211 Prunus Twymaniana Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 3-6-metralis; rami annotini glabri, cano-fuscescentes, ve- tustiores nigrescentes. Folia sub anthesi tantum nota; petioli ad 4 mm. longi, glabri; glandulae 2 petioli apice v. laminae basi insertae; lamina (videtur ovata) ad 2.5 cm. longa, baud v. leviter acuminata, crenato-serrata, dentibus obtusis v. brevissime cuspidatis, glandula valida breviter conica terminatis, supra glabra, subtus juxta costae partem basalem tantum tenere villosa, purpurascens, nervis utrin- secus circiter 10-11. Involucra erecta, 0.7-1.3 cm. longa; pedun- culus brevissimus; flores 1-2 umbellati, subpraecoces; bracteae oblongae, circiter 3-4 mm. longae, glandulis marginatae; pedicelli 9-12 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 7 mm. longa, e basi acuta tubulosa, glabra, purpurascens; sepala erecto-patula, oblonga acutiuscula, 4.5 mm. longa, frequenter glanduloso-fimbriolata, glabra; petala ovata, 6 mm. longa, 4 mm. lata, apice rotundata, eroso-crenulata, alba; stamina 25, petalis fere duplo breviora, ad 3.5 mm. longa; pis- tillum 12 mm. longum, stylus staminibus 2-3 mm. longior, inferne parce villosus. Drupa ignota. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, alt. 2000-2600 m., March 1908 (No. 8io, as to flowering branches; the fruiting branches belong to P. lobulata Koehne, which has no glands on the serratures of the leaves). At the request of Mr. Wilson I have named this species in compliment to Bertie Twyman, Esq., of the British Consular service in China, who was of very con- siderable assistance to Mr. Wilson during 1908. Further investigation is needed to determine whether P. ampla Koehne, which is known only in fruiting speci- mens and has equally large glands on the teeth, belongs here. Prunus Conradinae Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 3-12-metrahs, truncus 20-50 cm. diam.; ramuli novelli glabri, vetustiores cano-fuscescentes v. cinerei v. intense fusci; gem- mae 3-6 mm. longae, glabrae. Stipulae angustissime lineares, 4-7 mm. longae, saepe basi pinnatifidae, longe glanduloso-fimbriatae, post anthesin deciduae; petioli 10-17 mm. longi, glabri, glandulas 2 crassas apice v. paullo inferius gerentes; lamina e basi rotundata v. hinc inde acuta v. subcordata obovata, obovato-oblonga, rarius fere rotundato-ovata, 5.5-10.5(-15) cm. longa, 2.5-5.5-(6.8) cm. lata, subito anguste acuminata, sat profunde, medio duplicato-serrata, dentibus vix v. tenuiter acuminatis, glandula punctiformi terminatis, saepe initio glabra v. piUs brevibus conspersa, demum semper fere glabra, subtus in costa nervisque pilis conspersa, demum glabrescentia 212 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA V. glabra, nervis utrinsecus 9-12, subtus vix pallidior, papyracea. Involucra sub anthesi omnia persistentia v. magna ex parte decidua, 6-12 mm. longa, 4-9 mm. lata; pedunculus brevissimus v. rarius ad 10 mm. longus; flores (l-)2-4(-5) umbellati v. rarius breviter racemoso- umbellati, praecoces; bracteae ante anthesin deciduae; pedicelli 5-18 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 4-5 mm. longa, e basi obtusa crassius- cule campanulato-tubulosa, glabra; sepala erecto-patula v. paten tia, ovata V. ovato-triangularia obtusiuscula, 2.5-4 mm. longa, Integra, glabra v. tenere ciliolata; petala ovata v. obovata, 10-12 mm. longa, 7-7.5 mm. lata, bilolDO-emarginata sinu triangulari-aperto, alba ad rosea; stamina 33-43, petalis paullo v. quarta parte breviora, ad 8- 10 mm. longa; pistillum 11-13 mm. longum, stylus staminibus sub- brevior v. sublongior, glaber. Drupa ovalis, 8-11 mm. longa, 5-9 mm. diam., rubra; putamen ovale, 6.5-8:4.5-5.3:4-4.3 mm., sulcis obsoletissimis juxta carinam planam. Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1000-1500 m., April and June 1907 (No. 3, mixed with fruiting branches of P. malifolia Koehne); Changyang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1000-1200 m., flowers, without date, fruiting specimens, June 1907 (No. 5); Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1000-1200 m., April and June 1907 (No. 7); Changyang Hsien, woodlands, common, alt. 1000-1200 m., April and June 1907 (No. 11); north and south of Ichang, woods, alt. 600-1600 m., March and July 1907 (No. 3^); Ichang, cultivated, March 14, 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 152). This species is named for the wife of the author. Pninus Helenae Koehne, n. sp. Prunus rufoides, var. glabrifolia Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 56 (1905) verisimiliter hue ducenda. Arbor 4-6-metralis; ramuli hornotini glabri, fusci, annotini intense fusci, submicantes; gemmae 1.5 mm. longae, glabrae. Stipulae ignotae; petioh 12-18 mm. longi, glabri, glandulas 1-3 crassas prope apicem v. pro parte medio gerentes; lamina e basi subcordata v. rotundata ovata, ovato-oblonga v. obovato-oblonga, 7.5-11.5 cm. longa, 3.8-5.3 cm. lata, anguste acuminata, profunde argute duplicato-serrata dentibus vix acuminatis, glandula parva, breviter conica terminatis, glabra v. subtus in nervorum axilhs barbulata, nervis utrinsecus 7-12, subtus vix pallidior, membranacea. Involucra sub anthesi persistentia, 1-1.4 cm. longa, 0.8-1 cm. lata, erecta; pedunculus nullus v. brevis- simus; flores 3 umbellati, praecoces; pedicelli 8-15 mm., fructiferi ad 18 ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 213 mm. longi, inclusi v. subinclusi, glabri; cupula 5 mm. longa, e basi obtusa campanulato-tubulosa, glabra; sepala patentia, ol^Ionga ob- tusiuscula, 3 mm. longa, Integra, glabra; petala ovata, 9 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata, acutissima, irregulariter eroso-denticulata, alba; stamina 38, petalis aequilonga, ad 10 mm. longa; pistillum 10 mm. longum, stylus stamina aequans v. subbrevior, glaber. Drupa ovalis, 9 mm. longa, 6 mm. diam.; putamen late ovatum, 7.6:5.8:4.8 mm., obsolete v. sat manifeste sulcatum carina plana. Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, thickets, alt. 800-1200 m., April 1907, fruiting branches without date (No. 2826). Szech'uan: A. Henry (No. 5477). This species is named for the daughter of the author. Henry's No. 5477 is the type of P. rufoides, var. glabrifolia Schneider, and does not differ in the least in foUage from Wilson's specimens; the pedicels of the fruits are in clusters of 1 to 4 and are 20-23 mm. long, the stone is about 8 mm. long and 5 mm. thick and has rather marked transverse furrows. Prunus saltuum Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 5-metralis, truncus 20 cm. diam.; rami annotini crassi, nigro- fusci, hinc inde pilis brevibus conspersi. Folia ignota. Involucra sub anthesi pauca tantum persistentia, 1 cm. longa, 0.7 cm. lata; flores 1-2 umbellati, praecoces; pedicelli circiter 7 mm. longi inclusi, dense pilosi; cupula fere 6 mm. longa, e basi obtusa crasse tubulosa, extus basi dense, superne laxius villosiuscula; sepala erecto-patentia, oblonga subretusa, 3.5 mm. longa, integra, tenere ciliata, extus parce pilosa V. rarius glabra; petala rotundato-ovata, 12-13 mm. longa, 3.5-9 mm. lata, bilobo-emarginata sinu angusto, alba; stamina 39, petalis quarta parte breviora, ad 9 mm. longa; pistillum 11 mm. longum, stylus staminibus subbrevior, glaber. Drupa ignota. Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, glades, alt. 1300 m., April 1907 (No. 2824). This species is closely alhed to P. pauciflora Bunge but'has dark-colored branch- lets, shorter pedicels solitary or in twos, a narrower cupula, longer, less acute calyx- teeth, larger petals and longer stamens. Further differences in the leaves and fruits will probably be found when complete material is known. Primus serrula Franchet, var. tibetica (Batalin) Koehne, n. comb. Prunus pvddum, var. tibetica Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIV. 168 (1895). Prunus cerasoides, var. tibetica Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 54 (1905). Arbor 5-11-metralis, coma densa, truncus 10-60 cm. diam.; cortex laevis, cinereo-fuscus, baud nitens, rimis transversalibus sparsis, 1.5-3 cm. latis, 4-7 mm. altis rugosis interruptus; ramuli novelli glabri v. 214 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA basi parce pulverulenti, demum cano- v. purpureo-fusci, vetustiores cin- erei v. fusci; gemmae 4-6 mm. longae, angustae, plus minus pilosae. Stipulae lineari-filiformes, circiter 7 mm. longae, glandulis longis gracilibus, sessilibus v. stipitatis margine munitae; petioli 5-11 mm. longi, glabri, demum saepe purpurei; glandulae 2-5 laminae basi in- sertae; lamina e basi acuta v. rotundata lanceolata, 3.5-8.5 cm. longa, 0.7-2.8 cm. lata, longe acuminata v. sensim angustata, brevis- sime argute serrulata, dentibus acutis v. acuminatis, glandula parva anguste oblonga v. fere subulata terminatis, glabra v. subtus barbulata V. infra medium secus costae latus utrumque lanato-villosa, nervis utrinsecus 8-12, laete viridis, subtus paullo pallidior, membranacea V. raro (Wilson No. 988, pro parte) rigidula. Involucra sub anthesi fere omnia decidua, ad 12 mm. longa; pedunculus 0-5 mm., sub fructu ad 11 mm. longus, glaber v. pulverulento-puberulus; flores 1-3 um- bellati, coaetanei foliis simul ad 4 cm. longis; bracteae 1.5-2.5 mm. longae, apice dissectae, membranaceae, sub fructu caducae; pedicelli 10-12 mm., fructiferi superne sensim plus minus incrassati ad 23 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 6.5-9 mm. longa, crasse campanulato-tubulosa, glabra; sepala erecto-patula, ovato-triangularia acuminata, 2.3-3 mm. longa, parce minutim glanduloso-denticulata; petala ovato-rotun- data, 8.5 mm. longa, 6 mm. lata, apice rotundata v. tricuspidata, alba; stamina 44, petalis sublongiora, ad 10 mm. longa; pistillum 15 mm. longum, stylus staminibus sublongior v. subbrevior, usque ad medium tenere pubescens. Drupa ovata v. rotundato-ovalis, 10-13 mm. longa, 7-8 mm. diam., videtur rubra; putamen ovatum, 11:7:6 mm. (in Wilson No. 988 nonnisi 7.5:6.5 mm., an immaturum?), obtusis- simum, valide reticulato-costatum, carina lata complanata. Western Szech'uan: north of Tachien-lu, alt. 3300 m., September 1908 (No. 988); west of Tachien-lu, woodlands, alt. 3600 m., October 1910 (No. 988 in part); without locality, woods, alt. 3600-4000 m., June 1904, (Veitch Exped., No. 3523); "inter Tachien-lu et Batang, Olun-shi," May 17, 1893, V. A. Kachkarov; in the district of Litang, between Si-o-la and Ma-geh-Mung, June 17, 1893, G. N. Potanin. Prunus Herincquiana (Lavallee) sensu Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII, 175 (1909). Cerasus Herincquiana Lavallee, Icon. Arb. Segrez., t. 35 (1885), descriptione p. 117 valde emendanda nisi excludenda. Prunus pendula Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 98; in Mel. Biol. XI. 690 (1883), pro parte, nempe quoad specimina nonnulla authentica. — Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. III. 618 (1903), quoad synonymum Cerasus Herincquiana. ROSACE AE . — PRUNUS 215 Prunus Ilerincquiana Schneider, Ill.Handb. Laubholzk. I. 608 (pro parte) (1906). Prunus itosakura Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 114 (1908), quoad syno- nymuni Prunus Herincquiana. Prunus Itosakura, var. ascendens Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 114 (1908), an hue pertinet? "Veins 9-20 on each side of the leaf." Prunus itosakra, y ascendens Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 181 (1909), est eadem. Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, alt. 1800 m., April 25, 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 93); Changyang Hsien, mountain sides, April 4, 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 70); mountain sides, alt. GOO-1000 m., April and June 1907 (No. 2833; tree 10-13 m. high). Korea, woods of Hallaisan, May 1909, Taqiiet (No. 2876); July 1909, Taquet (No. 2875); Quelpaert, ''in pago Hokeuni," May 5, 1908, Taquet (No. 786); Quelpaert prope Hongno, July 1907, U. Faurie (No. 1546). Japan: Provinces of Senano and Nambu, a. 1864, Tschonoski (Max- imowicz, iter II, specimen of P. pendula Maximowicz); Hondo, Ha- kone, a. 1864, Tschonoski (in the Rijks-Herbarium, Leyden, designated as P. ohlongifolia Maximowicz); cultivated at Tokyo, April 9, 1874, Hilgendorf (mixed with P. serrulata Kriegeri) ; Hirosaki, May 28, 1905, U. Faurie (No. 6698) ; without locality, Siehold (in the Leyden Herba- rium, specimen of P. subhirtella Miquel mixed with true P. subhirtella) . Prunus canescens Bois in Vilmorin & Bois, Frut. Vilmorin. 66, 2 fig. (1904). — Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 177 (1909). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, cliffs, etc., alt. 1000 m., June 1907 (No. 65); without locaUty, April 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1862). Prunus droseracea Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 5-metralis, truncus 20 cm. diam. ; ramuli novelli pilis paucis- simis longis conspersi, vetustiores glabri, cani. Stipulae lanceolatae, circ. 8 mm. longae, fimbriato-serratae, fimbriis glandula longa conica V. cylindracea terminatis, petioli 6-13 mm. longi, glabri; lamina e basi emarginata v. rotundata ovata v. obovata 2-5 cm. longa 1.3-2.5 cm. lata (sub anthesi), subito longe anguste acuminata, medio profunda duplicato-, basi apiceque simpliciter serrata, dentibus multis bi- v. tri- fidis acuminatis, glandula sat valida conica terminatis, supra sparsim strigulosa, subtus aequaliter laxe pilis nitiduhs obsita, nervis utrin- secus circa 10, subtus baud pallidior. Involucra circa 7-8 mm. longa; pedunculus 2-12 mm. longus, glaber; flores 2-4 subracemoso-umbellati V. umbellati, coaetanei; bracteae rotundatae v. ovatae, 4-8 mm. longae, insigniter fimbriato-serratae, dentibus glandula valida oblonga v. conica terminatis (infimae saepe steriles, subeuphylloidcae, involucrum 216 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA paullo superantes); pedicelli 12-18 mm. longi, glabri; cupula fere 5 mm. longa, anguste obconico-campanulata, glabra; sepala erecto- patula, ovato-triangularia acuta, 2.3 mm. longa, brevissime glanduloso- denticulata; petala ovata, 5.5 mm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata, acutiuscula, irregulariter eroso-denticulata, alba; stamina 26, petalis aequilonga, ad 6 mm. longa; pistillum 11 mm. longum, stylus staminibus vix longior, usque ad medium parce villosus. Drupa ignota. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woods, alt. 1600-2000 m., June 1908 (No. 2821). Prunus trichostoma Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 5-8-metralis; rami vetustiores glabri, pallide ochraceo-cani. Stipulae angustissime lineares, 5-6 mm. longae, longe glanduloso- fimbriatae; petioli 6-10 mm. longi, glabri v. superne parce accum- benti-pilosi; glandulae 1-3, laminae basi insertae, stipitatae; lamina e basi acuta, rotundata v. vix emarginata ovata, obovata v. obovato- oblonga, 2.5-4.5 cm. longa, 1.3-2.3 cm. lata (sub anthesi),| acuminata, simpliciter, medio vero inciso-duplicato-serrata, dentibus late triangu- laribus, acuminatis, glandula punctiformi terminatis, supra in costa pubescens, in nervis parce strigosa, subtus secus costam et interdum secus nervos, rarius in facie parce v. uberius longe villosa, nervis utrinsecus 8-12, subtus paullo pallidior, tenuiter membranacea. In- volucrorum deciduorum residua ad 6 mm. longa; pedunculus 3-11 mm. longus, glaber; flores 1-3 umbellati v. subracemoso-umbellati, coaeta- tanei; bracteae 3-8 mm. longae, glanduloso-serratae v. fimbriolatae, herbaceae; pedicelli 11-20 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 6-7.5 mm. longa, obconico- v. subanguste campanulata, post anthesin saepe tubulosa, glabra; sepala erecto-patula v. patentia, oblongo- v. ovato- triangularia, 2-3 mm. longa, denticulis 1 v. paucis glanduliferis utrin- secus munita, ciliata, intus parce pilosa; petala late oblonga v. ovato- rotundata, 7-8.5 mm. longa, 5-5.5 mm. lata, obtusa v, vix emarginata, interdum irregulariter eroso-denticulata; stamina 25-33, petalis subaequilonga, ad 7.5 mm. longa; pistillum 12-14 mm. longum, stylus stamina aequans v. manifeste longior, usque ad mediam v. ad duas tertias partes dense villosus. Drupa ignota. Western Szech'uan: west of Kuan Hsien, woods, alt. 1600-2000 m.. May 1907 (No. 2817); without locality, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4860); alt. 2600-3100 m.. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3524^. Somewhat doubtful: Western China, woods, 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3527): cupula 4.5 mm., sepala fere 3 mm. longa, petala 5 mm. longa 4 mm. lata, stamina 29, ad 5 mm. longa. EOS ACE AE . — PRUNUS 217 This species is closely related to P. latidentata Koehne, which has the same kind of pubescence on the lower surface of the leaves. If the pubescence in.side the sepals should prove to be variable, the species ought to be referred as a variety to P. latidentata. Prunus latidentata Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 5-13-metralis; truncus 10-50 cm. diam.; rami juveniles dense pilosi, mox glabrati, tenues, vetustiores cani v. cano-fusci; gemmae ad 2.5 mm. longae, glabrae. Stipulae angustissime lineares, 2.5-5 mm. longae, glanduloso-fimbriatae ; petioli 7-10 mm. longi, glabri; glandulae saepius 1-2, laminae basi insertae, interdum stipita- tae; lamina basi acuta, rotundata v. subemarginata, ovata, obovata V. obovato-oblonga, 2-5 cm. longa, 1.2-2.4 cm. lata, sat subito acumi- nata, profunde duplicato-, basi apiceque simpliciter serrata, dentibus latioribus quam longis, breviter acuminatis, glandula punctiformi terminatis, supra in costa albo-pubescens ceterum pilis brevissimis teneris conspersa v. demum glabrata, subtus juxta costam glabram V. parce pilosam longe dense crispato-villosa ceterum initio interdum in facie neque vero in nervis pilosa, nervis utrinsecus 7-11, subtus parum pallidior, membranacea. Involucra ante anthesin decidua residuis paucis persistentibus; pedunculus brevissimus; flores 1-2 (-3) umbellati, coaetanei foliis simul 2.5-3.5 cm. longis; bracteae deciduae, paucae persistentes 2 mm. longae, fuscae; pedicelli 8-25 mm. longi, basi parce pilosi v. raro glabri; cupula 5.5-6.5 mm. longa, breviter latiuscule campanulata, glabra; sepala erecto-patula, late ovato-triangularia acutiuscula, 2-3 mm. longa, utrinsecus denticulis 1-4 teneris munita; petala ovata, 5-6 mm. longa, 3.5-5 mm. lata, baud emarginata, subintegra, alba v. pallide carnea; stamina 32-35, petalis subaequilonga, ad 4-6 mm. longa; pistillum 15-16 mm. longum, stylus staminibus 4-6.5 mm. longior, glaber v. basi pilis paucis consper- sus. Drupa globosa, 9 mm. diam., rubra; putamen rotundatum, 7.6:7:5.3 mm., valide sulcatum et foveolis paucis munitum, carina lata complanata. Western Szech'uan: west of Kuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2000- 3000 m., June 1908 (No. 2820); Tachien-lu, woodlands, August 1808 (No. 2819, with flowering branches without date); western China, ravines, alt. 4000 m., June 1909 (Veitch Exped. No. 3524); woods, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3528, doubtful on account of the too scant material). 218 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Prunus micromeloides Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 3-8-metralis; rami hornotini aestate glabri, vetustiores pal- lide cani v. nigrescentes; gemmae circ. 3 mm. longae, pilosae. Stipulae oblongo-lanceolatae, circ. 6 mm. longae, pirmatifidae ac glanduloso- fimbriatae glandulis cylindraceis, persistentes; petioli 7-12 mm. longi, secus canalicuhim parce villosi; glandulae saepe 0, interdum 1-2, laminae basi v. raro petioli apice insertae, plerumque stipitatae; lamina e basi acuta, rotundata v. emarginata ovata, obovata v. ovato- rotundata, 2.5-7 cm. longa, 1.7-4.7 cm. lata, subito breviter acumi- nata, inciso-duplicato-serrata, dentibus latis, acutis v. subacuminatis, glandula punctiformi terminatis, supra sparsim nitide strigulosa v. demum subglabra, subtus primo initio densissime tomentoso-albicans postea in nervis tantum pilis nitidis obsita v. etiam in nervis glabra, nervis utrinsecus 7-12, subtus paullo pallidior et subcana, papyracea. Involucra sub anthesi multa persistentia, circ. 4 mm. longa, erecto- patula; pedunculus circ. 4 mm. longus, pubescens v. glaber; flores 2-3 umbellati v. subumbellati, coaetanei foliis simul 3-4 cm. longis; bracteae rotundatae v. late spathulatae, circ. 4 mm. longae, glanduloso- fimbriolatae, herbaceae; pedicelli 5 mm., fructiferi 11-20 mm. longi, pilosiusculi, demum glabri; cupula 5 mm. longa, breviter lateque campanulata, parce pilosa; sepala erecto-patula, rotundata, 1.7 mm. longa, breviter glanduloso-fimbriolata, ceterum glabra; petala obovata, 4.5 mm. longa, 2.5 mm. lata, baud emarginata, irregulariter eroso- crenulata; stamina 19, petalis longiora, ad 7 mm. longa; pistillum 13 mm. longum, stylus staminibus paullo longior, usque ad duas tertias partes molliter villosus. Drupa globosa, 9 mm. (Wilson) v. 12 mm. (Potanin) diam., videtur rubra; putamen rotundatum, 7:7:5 mm. V. 9:7.7:5.5 mm. costis foveolisque validiusculis v. validis, carina com- planata. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2300-2500 m., June and September 1908 (No. 824). Also collected in eastern Kansu, Mount Idshu-shan, July 16, 1885, G. N. Potanin. Potanin's specimen, which had been determined as P. stipulacea Maximowicz, has the under surface of the leaves more glabrous, the pedicels of the fruits longer and the drupes and stones larger than in Wilson's specimen. Prunus oxyodonta Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 2. 6-4-me trails; rami juveniles strigulosi, postea glabri, vetustiores cani v. cano-fusci. Stipulae oblongae v. lineares, ad 6 mm. longae, glanduloso-fimbriatae glandulis cylindraceis, persistentes; ROSACE AE . — PRUNUS 219 petioli 11-13 mm. longi, glabri v. secus canaliculum parce hirtuli; glandulae plerumque 2, laminae basi insertae, stipitatae; lamina e basi rotundata v. cordata ovata v. obovata, 5.5-8.5 cm. longa, 2.8-5 cm. lata, subito acuminata, inciso-duplicato-scrrata, dentibus latioribus quam longis, breviter v. anguste acuminatis, glandula punctiformi terminatis, supra pilis nitidis sparsim strigulosa, subtus primo initio undique densiuscule, postea in costa nervisque tantum pilis brevius- culis obtecta, nervis utrinsecus circiter 11-14, subtus pallidior, membra- nacea. Involucra sub anthesi fere tota decidua; pedunculus circ. 3-7 mm. longus, accumbenti-pilosus; flores 2-3 umbellati v. subumbellati, coaetanei foliis simul 3-4 cm. longis; bracteae 3-10 mm. longae, glanduloso-serrulatae, herbaceae, persistentes; pedicelli 6-13 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 5.5 mm. longa, obconico-campanulata, sursum sensim plus minus dilatata, glabra; sepala erecto-patula, late rotun- dato-triangularia, 2 mm. longa, utrinsecus fimbriolis 1-4 glanduliferis, glabra; petala rotundato-ovalia, 6 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata, baud emar- ginata, Integra v. parum erosa, alba; stamina 31, petalis subaequilonga, ad 6.5 mm. longa; pistillum 13-14 mm. longum, stylus staminibus 2.5 mm. longior, usque ad duas tertias partes laxiuscule hirtus. Drupa ignota. Western Szech'uan: Ta-hsiang-ling, Ching-chi Hsien, thickets, alt. 1600-2300 m.. May 1908 (No. 2822; the date for the branches with adult leaves not indicated). This is possibly only a variety of the preceding species. Here seems to belong also the following specimen: Frutex 1.6-2-metralis; rami juveniles glabri v. subglabri. Folia angustius longiusque acuminata, primo initio subtus tomentosa (ut in P. micromeloide) , postea densiuscule longe hirta. Pedicelli pro parte ad 17 mm. longi; cupula 6 mm. longa, superne parce pilosa; petala 6 mm. longa, 4.5 mm. lata; stamina 30, ad 6.5 mm. longa (ut in P. oxyodonta typica). Western China: Wa-shan, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3525). Pninus glyptocarya Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 6-10-metralis; rami annotini adulti glabri, crassiusculi, pallide ochraceo-cani dein cani; gemmae 3-5 mm. longae, glabrae. Stipulae oblongae, 4-11 mm. longae, glanduloso-dentatae glandulis cylindraceis, persistentes; petioli 12-16 mm. longi, densiuscule pilosi; glandulae 1-3, petioli apici v. laminae basi insertae, stipitatae; la- mina e basi emarginata, rotundata v. hinc inde acuta inverse oblonga, 220 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA nonnullis obovato-oblongis, 6-11 cm. longa, 3-5.3 cm. lata, plus minus acuminata, profunde duplicato-serrata, dentibus multo latioribus quam longis, subito argute acuminatis, glandula punctiformi terminatis, supra sparsim strigulosa v. subglabra, subtus in costa nervisque den- sius, in facie parce v. parcissime hirta, nervis utrinsecus 11-14, laete viridis, subtus subconcolor, membranacea. Flores ignoti. Pedunculus fructifer unicus suppetens 3 mm. longus; bractea decidua; pedicellus 25 mm. longus, glaber incrassatus. Drupa globosa 12.5 mm. longa 12 mm. diam., fusco-rubra; putamen rotundatum, 8:7.3:6 mm., basi oblique truncatum, valide reticulato-costatum, carina complanata. Western Szech'uan: Wen-ch'uan Hsien, woods, alt. 2000 m., September 1908 (No. 1026); west of Kuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2600-3000 m., August 1910 (No. 4040). This species seems very near to P. oxyodonta Koehne, but differs in the larger and narrower leaves. The fruit is described on the label as red in No. 1026 and as black in No. 4040, but it appears to be dark red in the latter specimen and not as intensively black as the fruit of P. pleuroptera Koehne. The stone of No. 1026 is distinctly reticulate-costate, but in No. 4040 only costate with scarcely anas- tomosing ribs. Prunus lobulata Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 6-11-metralis; rami juveniles hinc hirti, adulti v. annotini glabrati, vetustiores cani, cano-fusci v, nigrescentes; gemmae 3 mm. longae, glabrae v. parce pilosae. Stipulae oblongae v. lanceolatae, cir- citer 4 mm. longae, glanduloso-inciso-serratae vel -fimbriatae, petioli 7-14 mm. longi, secus canaliculum parce hirti ceterum glabri; glandulae saepe 1-2, laminae basi, rarius petioli apici insertae, brevissime sti- pitatae; lamina e basi acuta, obtusa v. vix emarginata obovata v. inverse oblonga v. oblongo-lanceolata, 2-8 cm. longa, 1.3-4.4 cm. lata, subito v. paullatim acuminata, inciso-duplicato-serrata, dentibus argutissime acuminatis eglandulosis v. glandula minuta punctiformi terminatis, subtus sparsim strigosa v. demum subglabra, subtus in costa nervisque parce hirta, in facie glabra v. subglabra, nervis utrin- secus 6-10, supra pallidior, membranacea v. papyracea. Flores ig- noti. Pedunculus fructifer 1-6 mm. longus; bracteae deciduae (uni- cam 3 mm. longam, oblongam, glanduloso-fimbriolatam, herbaceam vidi); pedicelli l-2ni, 11-35 mm. longi, glabri, sursum incrassati. Petala alba teste Wilson. Drupa globosa v. globoso-ovalis, 9-12 mm. longa, 9-12 mm. diam., rubra; putamen anguste ovatum, 7.5-11: 5.5-6:4.5-5 mm., validiuscule sulcatum ac foveolatum, carina com- planata. ROSACE AE . — PRUNUS 221 Western Szech'uan: west of Tachien-lu, alt. 3200 m., July 24, 1908 (No. 912): Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2300-3000 m., September 1908 (No. 978); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, alt. 2000-2800 m., August 1808 (No. 810, as to fruiting branches. The flowering branches belong to P. Twymaniana, which is very different in the large glands of the serratures of the leaves). The species seems very near to P. stipulacea Maximowicz which is very similar in fohage. Prunus pleuroptera Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 3-10-metralis, truncus ad 30 cm. diam.; rami hornotini hirti, vetustiores subglabri v. glabri, cinerei v. nigricantes; gemmae 3 mm. longae, parce v. uberius pilosae. Stipulae oblongae v. lineares, 4-5 mm. longae, glanduloso-fimbriatae, pro parte persistentes; petioli 5-11 mm. longi, glabri, subtus plerumque in transversum undulato-corrugati ; glandulae 2, laminae basi insertae, breviter stipitatae; lamina e basi acuta V. vix emarginata obovata, obovato-oblonga v. rhombeo-ob- longa, 1.7-6 cm. longa, 1.1-3 cm. lata, paullatim v. rarius subito acumi- nata, inciso-duplicato-serrata, dentibus circiter tam longis quam latis, acuminatis, glandula punctiformi terminatis, supra parcissime stri- gulosa V. demum subglabra, subtus in costa nervisque laxe hirta ceterum glabra v. sparsim pilosa, costa subtus utrinque anguste albido-alata, nervis utrinsecus 7-10, subtus manifeste pallidior atque subcanoviridis, papyracea. Flores ignoti. Pedunculus nullus; bracteae caducae; pedicelli fructiferi solitarii, 10-13 mm. longi, glabri, incrassati. Drupa globosa, 11-13 mm. longa, nigra; putamen rotundatum, 7-7.5:6.5- 6.6:5-5.2 mm., validiuscule sulcatum ac manifeste v. obsoletissime foveolatum, carina complanata. Western Szech'uan: southeast of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2300- 3000 m., August 1908 (No. 981); Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2300-3000 m., September 1908 (No. 984). Prunus pleuroptera differs from the allied P. lobulafa Koehne and P. stipulacea Maximowicz in its black fruit and globular not ovoid stones. Prunus Zappeyana Koehne, n. sp. Frutex 5-metralis; rami hornotini glabri v. ima basi hirti, vetustiores pallide cani v. fusci; gemmae 2 mm. longae, glabrae, Stipulae ovatae ad lineares, 3-6 mm. longae, glanduloso-fimbriatae, pleraeque persis- tentes; petioh 7-10 mm. longi, glabri; glandulae 1-4, laminae basi insertae, breviter stipitatae; lamina e basi obtusa rhombeo-obovato- oblonga v. obovato-oblonga, 1.8-8 cm. longa, 0.8-3.5 cm. lata, sat 222 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA subito acuminata, duplicato-inciso-serrata, dentibus 2-3fidis, argute acuminatis, glandula punctiformi terminatis, supra parcissime stri- gulosa V. glabra, subtus in nervorum axillis parce barbata, in costa glabra, in nervis parce v. parcissime hirtula, nervis utrinsecus 5-7, subtus pallidior, papyracea. Flores ignoti. Pedunculus brevissimus V. ad 6 mm. longus; bracteae 1-2, subrotundatae v. ovatae, 4-6 mm. longae, glanduloso-serratae, persistentes; pedicelli solitarii, 15-17 mm. longi, glabri, summo apice excepto baud incrassati. Drupa ovalis, aut 8 mm. longa, 6 mm. diam., ut videtur fusco-rubra (No. 70), aut globosa, 12 mm. diam., nigra (No. 45); putamen ovatum, 6.5:4.3:3.5 mm. v. 8:5:4 mm., obsolete v. paullo manifestius sulca- tum, carina complanata. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 1300-2000 m., June 1907 (No. 70, belongs partly here, partly to P. pilosinscula, var. bar- bata Koehne); thickets, Patung Hsien, alt. 1000-1600 m., June 1907 (No. 45). At the request of Mr. Wilson this species is named in compliment to Walter Reeves Zappey, who was associated with Wilson during 1907-1909 for the purpose of collecting Birds and Mammals. His whole collection of more than four thou- sand specimens has been presented by Mr. John E. Thayer to the Museum of Comparative Zoology of Harvard University. The fruits of the two Nos. seem to be somewhat different. In No. 70, too, the leaves are smaller (up to 4.2:4 m.) and in No. 45 larger (up to 8:35). From P. pleuroptera Koehne this species is distinguished particularly by the ovoid not glo- bular stones and by the midrib not being winged beneath. Here may be added two doubtful forms under the following name: Prunus Zappeyana, var. subsimplex Koehne, n. var. 1. Exemplaria fructifera. Frutex 1.3-2.6 m. altus; rami hornotini glabri, vetustiores ochraceo-cani; gemmae 1.5 mm. longae. Stipulae 6-7 mm. longae; petioli 5-7 mm. longi, glabri v. superne parce villosi; lamina ovato-oblonga, brevius serrata, dentibus maxima ex parte simplicibus v. subsimplicibus, acuminatis, glandula minutissima v. nulla terminatis, supra in costa villosa, ceterum parcissime, praesertim versus marginem, pilis conspersa, subtus glabra v. axilloso-barbulata et in nervis venisque parce hirtella, subcoriacea, nervis utrinsecus 6-10, subtus multo pallidior. Bracteae 4-7, rotundatae, 3-9 mm. longae, serratae dentibus eglandulosis v. infimis tan turn crasso-glandulosis; pedicelli solitarii, 13-21 mm. longi. Drupa 10:8 mm., nigra; putamen 8:5:4 mm., obsolete sulcatum. Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, cliffs, etc., alt. 1300 m., June 1907 (No. 45^). ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 223 2. Exemplaria florentia. Rami hornotini et annotini hirti, dcmum ochraceo-cani. Foliorum lamina ad 2 cm. longa, supra strigulosa, subtus axilloso-barbata ceterum glabra v. parce pilosa, dentibus parvulis, simplicibus v. subsimplicibus, glandula punctiformi termina- tis. Involucra 5-7 mm. longa, plus minus decidua; pcdunculus nuUus; flores 1-2 umbellati, coaetanci; bracteae 2-3, ovatae v. rotundatae, ad 6-11 mm. longae, glanduloso-serratae glandulis crassis; pcdicelli 4-7 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 5.5 mm. longa, anguste obconico-cam- panulata, glabra; sepala erecto-patula, late ovata, 2.5 mm. longa, glanduloso-fimbriolata; petala ovalia, 7 mm. longa, 4.5 mm. lata, hand emarginata, eroso-denticulata, alba; stamina 31, petalis subbre- viora, ad 5 mm. longa; pistillum 12.5 mm. longum, stylus staminibus paullo longior, basi parce villosus. Western China: mountains, alt. 2800 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3526). This plant, on account of the rather short and mostly simple serratures of the leaves, does not fit very well into the series Ceraseidos, but it resembles P. Zappey- ana so closely and the petals and stamens are, as usual in Ceraseidos, so small, that I cannot place No. 3526 elsewhere. Prunus gracilifolia Koehne, n. sp. Frutex 3-metralis; rami hornotini ima basi pulverulenti ceterum glabri, fusci, vetustiores cinerei; gemmae 2.5 mm. longae, glabrae. Stipulae circ. 3 mm. longae lataeque, inciso-serratae; petioli 5-7 mm. longi, glabri, purpurei; glandulae plerumque 2 petioli apici, praeterea saepe 1-2 laminae basi insertae; lamina e basi acuta v. cuneata obo- vato-oblonga, 2-5 cm. longa, 1.2-2.4 cm. lata, longe acuminata, inciso- duplicato-crenata, dentibus tarn longis quam latis v. paullo longioribus, obtussissimis, glandula capitata valida terminatis, supra parcissime strigulosa v. subglabra, subtus glabra, nervis utrinsecus 5-11, subtus multo pallidior, rigidulo-papyracea. Flores ignoti. Pedunculus nullus; pedicelli fructiferi l-2ni, 7-10 mm, longi, glabri; bracteae caducae. Drupa globosa, 7 mm. longa, 6 mm. diam., nigra; putamen ovato- oblongum, obsoletissime paucisulcatum, carina complanata. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, cliffs, etc., alt. 1600 m., August 1907 (No. 178). Prunus Rossiana Koehne, n. sp. Rami hornotini ima basi hirtello-puberuli ceterum glabri, fusci, vetustiores cinerei. Stipulae oblique ovatae v. rotundatae, 3-0 mm. longae, glanduloso-dentatae; petioli 5-10 mm. longi, glabri, purpurei 224 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA (ut videtur); glandulae plerumque 2, laminae basi, raro petioli apici insertae; lamina e basi rotundata v. acuta obovato-rotundata, non- nullis obovatis intermixtis, 3.5-6 cm. longa, 1.2-4.2 cm. lata, subito breviuscule late acuminata, inciso-duplicato-crenata, dentibus latiori- bus quam latis, obtusissimis v. subemarginatis, glandula capitata valida terminatis, supra parcissime strigulosa v. subglabra, subtus in nervorum axillis barbulata ceterum glabra, nervis utrinsecus circ. 7-10, subtus pallidior, membranacea. Flores ignoti. Pedunculus fructifer 1-5 mm. longus; pedicelli l-2ni, glabri, 12-14 mm. longi; bracteae ple- raeque caducae, 6-7 mm. longae, obtuse glanduloso-denticulatae, glandulis crassis. Drupa ovali-globosa, 9 mm. longa, 7 mm. diam., nigra (ut videtur); putamen ovale, 7:4.6:3.2 mm., obsolete paucisul- catum ac foveolatum, carina complanata. Western Hup eh: Fang Hsien, woodlands, rare!, alt. 2000 m., May 15, 1907 (No. 182, as to fruiting branches; the flowering branches belong to P. litigiosa abhreviata Koehne). This species I have named at the request of Mr. Wilson in comphment to Andrew Ross, Esq., of Ichang, China, to whom Wilson is indebted for much hospitaUty and other kindly assistance. Prunus glandulosa Thunberg, var. trichostyla Koehne, n. var. Ramuli novelli glaberrimi v. pulverulenti. Stipulae persistentes. Styli basi pilosi. Forma Faberi Koehne, n. f. Prunus japonica J. Hutchinson in Bot. Mag. CXXXV. t. 8260 (non Thun- berg) (1909), an hue pertinet?i Stipulae persistentes, interdum basi pectinato-pinnatifidae; petioli glabri v. in canaliculo brevissime puberuli; glandulae plerumque 0, raro 1-2 laminae basi insertae; lamina lanceolata v. rarius oblongo- lanceolata, 2-4 cm. longa, 0.6-11 cm. lata, in innovationibus ad 7.5 cm. longa, 2.4 cm. lata, baud v. parum acuminata, utrinque glabra V. subtus leviter axilloso-barbata, nervis utrinsecus circ. 4-6, supremis verticahbus v. conniventibus; pedicelli 3-9(-14) mm. longi, glabri; flores simphces, praecoces; petala obovata, 6-9 mm. longa, 4-6.5 mm. lata, alba; stamina 25-30, ad 7-8 mm. longa, filamentis saepe purpureis. Drupa (in sicco) subglobosa, 12-13 mm. longa, 10-11 mm. diam., rubra; putamen ovatum, 9:5.5:5.5 mm., apiculatum, carina obsoleta, sulcis paucis angustis irregularibus. Shantung: Tientai and Chef 00 Mountains, 1889, E. Faber. ^ The shape of the leaves is not distinctly deUneated. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 225 Western Hupeh: Ichang, roadsides, alt. 1800 m., April and June 1907, (No. 43); cliffs, Fang Hsien, alt. 600-1300 m., August, 1907, (No. 43«). Prunus tomentosa Thunberg, var. endotricha Koehne, n. var. Frutex 1-3-metralis, v, arbor fere 7-metralis; rami pubescentes v. dense tomentosi saepe in secundum tertiumque annum, sed hornotini interdum autumno basi glabri, vetustiores cortice rimoso sero soluto; gemmae 1.5 mm. longae, parce pilosae. Stipulae lineari-subulatae, ad 6 mm. longae, interdum basi parce pectinatae, persistentes; petioli 2-4 mm. longi, dense villoso-tomentosi, glandulis nullis; lamina e basi acuta elliptica v. oblonga, raro in innovationibus obovata, 2.5-4.8 cm. longa, 1.1-2,6 cm. lata, acuta v. subacuminata, crenato-serrata, dentibus latis rotundatis, breviter mucronato-cuspidatis, supra par- cius V. ubere pilis conspersa, subtus hirto-tomentosa cana, nervis utrinsecus 6-9 supra impressis. Involucra 2-2.5 mm. longa, 1-flora; pedicelli subnulli v. ad 2.5 mm. longi; flores subcoaietanei foliis simul vix 1 cm. longis; cupula 4-5 mm. longa, campanulato-tubulosa v. ob- conica, glabra, intus ima basi excepta densissime pubescens; sepala 2-3 mm. longa, patentia, obtusa, parce minutim serrulata, extus pilosa, intus basi tantum dense pubescentia; petala 8.5-10 mm. longa, 6-9.5 mm. lata, obovata, baud emarginata, alba; stamina 17-19, ad 4-6 mm. longa; pistillum vix 6 mm. longum, ovarium fere a basi pil- osum pilis infimis retrorsis, stylus ultra medium dense villosus. Drupa circiter 10.5-14 mm. longa, 9-12.5 mm. diam., parce pilosa, fusco- rubra; putamen ovato-rotuD datum, 9.5-10:7-8.5:5.5-7 mm., laeve, carina obsoleta. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, cliffs, alt. 600-1300 m., April and June 1907 (No. 49); cultivated (Veitch Exped. No. 28). West- ern Szech'uan: around Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2600 m., July 26, 1908 (No. 911); Tachien-lu, alt. 2600-3000 m., September 1908 (No. 911", without flowers like 911 but very likely var. endotricha); Szech'uan, A. von Rosthorn (No. 1839, 1842). — Northern Shensi: Inkiapo, Lao-y-san, May 1899, G. Giraldi (No. 5291); Inkiapo above Si-ku-tzui-shan, May 1900, G. Giraldi (No. 7186); Shian-gens in Lao-y-san, May 12, 1899, G. Giraldi (No. 9293) ; cemetery of Nan-kia- fen near Huo-kia-zaoz, June 1, 1897, G. Giraldi (No. 5290); Po-u-li, April 1900, G. Giraldi (No. 7148); Gniu-ju, May 1893, G. Giraldi (No. 1138). 226 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA SUBGENERIS CERASI SYSTEMA NOVUM. Tliis subgenus can be divided in two very natural groups: Grex I. TYPOCERASUS. Gemmae supra quamvis folii cicatricem solitariae, hae floriferae, illae ramum foliatum promittentes: plantae triaxiflorae. (Gemmae saepe in ramis abbreviatis confertae.) Petioli longiusculi v. longi. If, as usual, the branch of the previous year is considered as axis I., the axis of the bud or of the inflorescence will be axis II., exactly as in the subgenus Padus, while the pedicel itself, even if the inflorescence is reduced to one flower, is to be called axis III. The plants therefore are tri-axial. In such a polymorphous group as Cerasus it is not surprising that transitional forms occur. Thus I have observed in P. stipulacea and P. microlepis occasional ternate buds after the type of Microcerasus. Both species, however, belong according to their other characters to Typocerasus. Grex II. MICROCERASUS. Gemmae sub florationis tempore typice ternae, media typice ramum foliatum promittens (saepissune vero abortiva), laterales floriferae; plantae quadraxiflorae. Petioli insigniter breves (exc. in P. pumila affinisbusque, ubi petioU longiuscuh). The two lateral buds originate in the axils of the lowest pair of scales of the middle bud, their axes, therefore, become axes of the third order, while the pedi- cels will be axes of the fourth order. The plants, therefore, are quadri-axial. Grex I. TYPOCERASUS.i Sepala reflexa Sect. 1. CREMASTOSEPALUM. Sepala erecto-patula v. rarius patentia (sed cf. P. cerasoidem, ubi sepala interdum reflexa videntur) Sect. 2. PSEUDOCERASUS. Sect. 1. CREMASTOSEPALUM. FoUorum dentes obtusae v. rotundatae v. emarginatae, glandula saepissime oblique V. basaUter juxta dentem sequentem inserta v. rarius apicali. Dentes brevissimae. Involucrum (i. e. inflorescentiae perulae basales) ante anthesin deciduum. (Europa, Asia occidentalis, America borealis.) Subsect. 1. MAHALEB. Folia suborbicularia. Petala glaberrima. Drupa nigra v. sordide lutes- cens. (Europa, Asia occidentalis.) Ser. 1. Eumahaleb. Folia longiora angustiora. Petala extus pilosa, nonnisi in P. emarginata glabra. Drupa rubra. (America borealis.) . . . Ser. 2. Paramahaleb. Dentes bene evolutae. Involucrum sub anthesi arete adhaerens magnum v. majusculum. (Europa, Asia occidentalis.) . . . Subsect. 2. EUCERASUS, Fohorum dentes acutae v. acuminatae v. subito brevissime cuspidatae glandula apicali. Petala baud emarginata. Bracteae herbaceae saepe majusculae, sub fructu persistenteg. Florea coae- tanei. Racemi breves v. longiusculi, (3-)4-9-flori, densi- v. laxiflori, pedunculati. (China, Japonia usque ad terram Amurensem et insulam Saghalin.) Subsect. 3. PHYLLOMAHALEB. * Several species of which the flowers are not known can be referred to certain groups only according to their general character. Therefore a revision of these species will be necessary when complete material is available. ROSACE AE . — PRUNUS 227 Glandulae foliorum bractearumque dentibus insidentea minutiasimae, interdum bractearum glandulae infimae tantum majores. (Distributio subsectionis.) Ser. 1. Aphanadenium. Glandulae foliorum atque imprimis bractearum crassae v. crassiasimae, breviter conicae v. depresso-disciformes. (China.) Ser. 2. Macradenium. Umbellae (l-)2— i-florae, flore infimo saepe paullo inferius inserto, breviter pedunculatae V. rare sessiles. (China.) Subsect. 4. PHYLLOCERASUS. Bracteae membranaceae minimae, sub anthesi vel paullo posterius deciduae. Flores coaetanei v. praecoces. (China.) Subsect. 5. PSEUDOMAHALEB. Petala inciso-biloba v. manifeste emarginata. Umbellae sessiles v. breviter v. longiuscule pedunculatae flore infimo subremoto, floribus (l-)2-6. (China.) Subsect. 6. LOBOPETALUM. Sepala cupula nunc brevi lata nunc manifeste tubulosa breviora. Involucra sub anthesi nunc decidua nunc persistentia; bracteae minimae v. inclusae. Flores praecoces Ser. 1. Heterocalyx. Sepala cupula brevi lataque duplo longiora lanceolata (in speciebus nonnullis habitu hue pertinentibus vero ignota). Involucra (quoad nota) sub anthesi persistentia; bracteae herbaceae majusculae v. interdum absconditae. Flores coaetanei v. praecoces Ser. 2. Cyclaminium. Sect. 2. PSEUDOCERASUS.i FoUa subtus glanduUs punctata. (Terra Amurensis.) Subsect. 7. HYPADENIUM. Folia subtus eglandulosa. Involucra magna, circiter 1 cm. longa v. majora. Folia haud insigniter lobulato- v. incisonduplicato-serrata. Pedicelli fructiferi haud v. apice tantum sensim incrassati. Cupula e basi acuta turbinato-tubulosa v. anguste tubulosa, sepala cupula sublongiora v. paullo, raro dimidio breviora. Flores coaetanei v. prae- coces (in P. parvifolia^ vero dicunter autumnales). Fohorum dentes saepe acuminatissimae v. in setulam exciirrentes. Drupae nigrae; putamen (quoad notum) laeve v. obsolete sulcatum. (China, Korea, Japonia, Saghalin.) Subsect. 8. SARGENTIELLA. Cupula e basi obtusa campanulata v. cylindracea. Drupae quoad notae rubrae. Flores praecoces. Putamen (quoad notum) laeve v. obsolete sulcatum, (in P. pauciflora tantum reticulato-costatum). Cupula 5-9 mm. longa, sepala cupula dimidio circiter v. paullo breviora. Foliorum dentes majusculae, acutae v. acuminatae, rarius setaceo-acuminatae. Umbellae sessiles v. interdum pedunculo ad 10 mm. longo insidentea. (China, Japonia.) Subsect. 9. CONRADINIA. Flores coaetanei. Putamen insigniter rugosum, obtusissimum. Foli- orum dentes parvae v. minimae. (Tibet, Yunnan.) Subsect. 10. SERRULA. ' Here particularly the position of many species known only in fruiting speci- mens will need confirmation by further investigation based on more complete material. * The flowers of the specimens kindly sent me by Mr. Matsumura of Tokyo were collected in spring according to a note on the labels. 228 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Pedicelli fructiferi insigniter incrassati. Putamen insigniter rugosum, ob- tuaissimum (in P. campanulata tantum apiculatum). Flores coaetanei v. autumnales; cupula 6.5-15 mm. longa, sepala plerumque cupula dimidia, rarius tertia parte brevior. Foliorum dentes acutae v. acuminatae, nimquam setula terminatae. Umbellae plerumque sessiles, baud raro in eadem specie etiam pedunculo ad 15 mm. longo insidentes. (Sikkim, Nepal, Siam, China orientalis, Formosa, Oshima?) Subsect. 11. PUDDUM. Involucra aut parva aut folia insigniter incise- v. lobulato-duplicato-serrata. Folia breviter v, sat profunde serrata. Involucra parva, 5-7 mm. longa; flores praecoces v. subcoaetanei; umbellae sessiles v. pedimculus ad 5, raro ad 15 mm. longus; cupula 4-7 mm., sepala 2.5-5 mm.; stylus pilosus v. raro glaber. Drupae nigrae (quoad notae); putamen 6-7 mm. longum, obsolete sulcatum. (China, Korea, Japonia.) Subsect. 12. MICROCALYMMA. Folia insigniter inciso- v. lobulato-duplicato-serrata v. -crenata (sed cf. vari- etates dubias P. Zappeyanae). Flores coaetanei, multo rarius praecocea. (China, Japonia, Ins. Kurilenses.) .... Subsect. 13. CERASEIDOS. Bracteae euphylloideae, inferiores breviter petiolatae (in P. Veitchii paul- lulum tantum supra involucrum exsertae, in P. canescente non in omnibus inflorescentiis praesentes. (China.) Ser. 1. Phyllopodium. Bracteae haud euphylloideae. Bracteae herbaceae majusculae (3-8 mm.), insigniter glanduloso-fimbri- atae, flores subracemosi. (China.) Ser. 2. Droserina. Bracteae haud insigniter glanduloso-fimbriatae. FoUorum dentes glandulis parvis v. nullis terminatae, haud obtusissimae. Dentes acutissimae v. acuminatissimae, glandula nulla v. puncti- formi. (China, 1 species Japonica.) Ser. 3. Oxyodon. Dentes obtusiusculae subcuspidatae, glandula parva sed manifesta capitata terminatae. (Japonia, Insulae Kurilenses, 1 species chi- nensis.) Ser. 4. Euceraseidos. Foliorum dentes obtusissimae v. subemarginatae, glandula vaUda subde- pressa terminatae. (China.) Ser. 5. Amblyodon. GrexII. MICROCERASUS. Sepala reflexa, cupula nunc breviora nunc longiora; cupula circ. tarn longa quam lata V. paullo latior, Flores 1-4 typice umbellati; involucra minima, Bub anthesi, saepe etiam sub fructu persistentia, foliis parvis herbaceis easdem superantibus rarissimis; petala haud emarginata. Ovarium glabrum V. rarissime apice parce pilosum. (America borealis, Asia centralis et ori- entalis, Himalaya.) Sect 1. SPIRAEOPSIS. Folia basi usque ad tertiam partem v. ultra medium Integra, superne brevia- sime V. minutim subremote arguto-serrulata ; petioli 2-11 mm. longi. Stylus glaberrimus. Drupa nigra. Plantae glaberrimae ramis nee virgatia nee gracillimis. (America borealis.) . . Subsect. 1. MYRICOCERASUS. Folia inde a basi dense simpliciter v. duplicato-crenata v. -serrata, dentibua obtusis v. acutis; petioli 2-6, raro ad 9 mm. longi. Stylus nunc glaber nunc baai pilosus. Drupa rubra. Plantae ramis virgatis v. gracillimis. (Himalaya, Tibet, China ad Mandschuriam, Japonia.) Subsect. 2. SPIRAEOCERASUS. Sepala erecta v. erecto-patula v. raro patentia, cupula multo, rarius paullo breviora, raro sublongiora, cupula manifeste tubulosa, v. raro tam longa quam lata tunc simul ovarium saltern apice denaissime hirtum. Flores l-2m, pedicelli ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 229 nulli V. breves, ad summum cupulae aequilongi; involucra parva, sub anthesi persiatentia; petala haud emarginata (an semper?). (Africa borcalis, Europa meridionalis, Creta, Asia occidentalis et centralis, Himalaya, China; in Korea et Japonia nonnisi culta) Sect. II. AMYGDALOCERASUS. CLAVES SEU CONSPECTUS SPECIERUM SINENSIUM. Grexl. TYPOCERASUS, p. 237. Sect. 1. CREMASTOSEPALUM, p. 237. Subsect. 1. MAHALEB, p. 237. Nulla species chinensis. Subsect. 2. EUCERASUS, p. 237. Nulla species chinensis. Subset. 3. PHYLLOMAHALEB, p. 238. Ser. 1. Aphanadenium, p. 238. Cupula sepala petala glaberrima (in altera specie P. Maximowiczii haud chinensi pilosa) P. pulchella. Ser. 2. Macradenium, p. 238. Glandulae foliorum bractearumque dentibus insidentes breviter conicae. Petioli pallidi V. interdum purpurascentes. FoUa subtus glabra v. in nervorum axillis barbulata v. in costa parcissime pilosa. Racemi glaberrimi. Folia latiora (3.5-9:2.4-4.8 cm.). Pedicelli 5-15 mm. longi. Putamen oblique ovatum, validiuscule oblique sulcatum apiceque scrobiculatum. P. conadenia. Folia angustiora (4-8.7: 2-3. 5 (-4) cm.). Pedicelli 12-22 mm. longi. Putamen rotundatum, valide reticulato-sulcatum ac scrobiculatum. P. pleiocerasus. Folia subtus undique breviter hirtella. Racemorum axis brevis pedicellique hirtelli P. macradenia. Glandulae foliorum, sed imprimis bractearum depresso-disciformes. Petioli saepis- sime saturate v. nigricanti-purpurei. Putamen ovatum. Folia majora (4-10:2.5-5 cm.). Bracteae majores (8-25 mm. longae). Putamen obsolete oblique sulcatum P. discadettia. Folia minora (3-4:2 cm.). Bracteae minores (3-8 mm. longae). Putamen laevissimum P. szechuanica. Subsect. 4. PHYLLOCERASUS,* p. 238. Glandulae foliorum dentibus insidentes crassiusculae, subdepresso-capitatae (v. in var. stenadenia conicae), bractearum insigniter disciformes, crassae (v. in * The conspectus of tliis group must be considered as provisional and can give only an approximate guide for the determination of the species. It is not pos- sible to give a workable key, as of several species only the flowers, of others only the fruits are known. 230 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA var. stenadenia minores anguste oblongae). Plantae glaberrimae exceptis ner- vorum axillis in inferiore foliorum pagina interdum leviter barbatis. P. tatsienensis. Glandulae foliorum dentibua insidentes inconspicuae v. minutae, bractearum baud crasse disciformes infimis interdum exceptis. Folia laete viridia, subtus plus minus pallidiora (raro adulta pallida subconcoloria sed tunc obovato-oblonga reticulo supra baud prominulo); dentes plermn- que angustiores argutius acuminatae. Petala rotundata v. ovato-rotundata v. obovata, apice obtusissima (ignota in P. polytricha, quae pedicellis pilosis gaudet). Involucra pleraque v. omnia sub anthesi decidua (ignota in P. polytricha). Pedicelli typice glabri v. sparsim pilosi, 10-30 mm., fructiferi interdum ad 48 mm. longi. Putamen late obovatmn v. ovali-rotundatum, laevissimum. P. variabilis. Putamen angustum, 7-8 mm. longum, 3-4 mm. latum, leviter sulcatum V. subreticulato-costulatum P. pilosiuscula. Pedicelli densiuscule v. dense pilosi. Folia utrinque imdique pilosa. Cupula dense hirtello-villosa, sepala In- tegra ciliata. Pedicelli (fructiferi) 19-30 mm. longi. Putamen an- gustmn, 7 mm. longum 4 mm. latum validiuscule sulcatum. P. polytricha. Folia costa excepta glabra. Cupula glabra, sepala minutim denticulata; pedicelli (floriferi) 9-12 mm. longi. (Putamen ignotum.) P. Rehderiana. Involucra sub anthesi persistentia; pedicelli glabri, 10 mm. longi. Folia supra sparsim strigulosa, subtus in costa nervisque breviter hirtella. P. venusta. Petala anguste oblonga, 8 mm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata, acutiuscula. Involucra sub anthesi plus minus persistentia P. litigiosa. FoUa insigniter palhda, utrinque concolora, subtus nitidula, orbicularia v. orbiculari-obovata; venarum reticulum supra manifeste prominulum, subtus obscurum; dentes breves latiusculae, cuspidatae, eglandulosae. P. clarofolia. Subsect. 5. PSEUDOMAHALEB, p. 239. Stylus inferne pilosus; cupula subanguste campanulata; sepala cupulam dimidiam aequantia v. longiora, Integra. Cupula dense hirteUa, ut pedicelli; sepala utrinque hirtella; petala 6-8 mm. longa P. yunnanensis. Cupula glabra v. subglabra, ut pedicelh; sepala intus glabra. Petala 10-11 mm. longa. Folia subtus in nervis densiuscule pilosa. Flores 2-3 umbellati; sepala calyce paullo breviora P. Macgregoriana. Folia subtus glabra v. vix in nervorum axillis barbulata. Flores 3-6 race- moso-umbellati. Sepala cupulam dimidiam aequantia ... P. Henryi. Stylus glaberrimus; cupula campanulato-tubulosa, glabra; sepala cupulae parti quartae aequilonga, minutim glanduloso-denticulata, glabra; flores 3-5 racemoso- umbellati, pedicelli glabri P. neglecta. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 231 Subaect. 6. LOBOPETALUM, p. 241. Ser. 1. Heterocalyx, p. 241. Clavis Specierum, qtjarum Flores suppetunt. The two species of which the flowers are not yet known cannot be compared with the others and therefore are only mentioned here; the material available ia not yet sufficient to form a clear idea of the affinity of the species in this group. Styli glabri. Pedicelfi parce pilosi v. glabri; involucra ante anthesin decidua v. paucissima persistentia; cupula glabra v. basi tantum villosa. Pedunculus 5-9 mm. longus, laxe liirtellus; pedicelli laxe villosiusculi; cupula subanguste campanulata, basi densiuscule hirtella, superne glabra; petala biloba sinu triangulari-aperto; stamina 34, petalis triente breviora. P. scopulorum. Pedunculus nullus; pedicelU glaberrimi; cupula breviter tubulosa, glabra; petala inciso-biloba, sinu angusto; stamina 54, petalis quarta parte breviora. P. glabra. Pedicelli dense pilosi, involucris arete adhaerentibus inclusi v. subinclusi; cupula dense pilosa v. superne glabra; petala biloba, sinu triangulari-aperto. Cupula campanulata; petala orbicularia; stamina 43, petaUs triente breviora. P. involucraia. Cupula breviter tubulosa; petala basi cuneata, ovato-oblonga; stamina 51, petaUs aequilonga P. hirtipes. Styli inferne pilosi; pedicelli floresque dense pilosi. Involucra sub anthesi fere omnia caduca. Pedicelfi 12-14 mm. longi; cupula tubulosa; sepala intus glabra; petala ovalia, inciso-biloba, sinu angustissimo; stamina 39, petalis triente breviora P. Schneider iana. Involucra arete adhaerentia; pedicelfi 6-9 mm. longi, inclusi v. subinclusi; cupula campanulata; sepala intus breviter villosa; petala ovata, brevissime emar- ginata; stamina 33, petaUs aequilonga P. Duclouxii. Species quarum flores ignoti. Plantae glabrae. Fofia majuscula lata, dentibus parvulis v. mediocribus, latis, cuspidatis. Petiofi 8-10 mm. longi, glandulas 2 crassas gerentes; lamina 12-13.5 cm. longa, 6.5-8.4 cm. lata, dentibus glandula valida breviter conica terminatis. P. ampla. Petioli 10-16 mm. longi, aut maculas 2 vi.x tumidas aut glandulas latas (interdum laminae basi insidentes) gerentes; lamina 6.5-13 cm. longa, 4-7.4 cm. lata, dentibus glandula punctiformi terminatis P. malijolia. Ser. 2. Cyclaminium, p. 243. I assume that the species of which the flowers are unknown belong here, because the leaves resemble closely those of P. Didsiana. Ramufi hornotini glabri. Fofia supra glabra. Involucrum magnum, sub anthesi persistens. Flores (2-)3-6 umbeUati v. subumbellati. Petioli glabri, lamina subtus glabra v. in nervis initio parce pilosa. Bracteae brevius glanduloso-fimbriatae; pedicelli laxiuscule villosi v. superne villosi; flores coaetanei; cupula glabra; petalorum sinus anguste triangularis. P. qjclamina. 232 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Petioli initio villosi, lamina subtus dense villosa. Bracteae insigniter glanduloso- fimbriatae; pedicelli laxe v. dense villosi. Flores praecoces v. subpraecoces; cupula villosiuscula; petalorum sinus late triangularis. ... P. Dielsiana. Ramuli hornotini pilosi. Folia supra sparsim strigulosa v. breviter villosa, subtus plerumque dense pilosa, saltern in foliis supremis. (Flores ignoti.) Pedicelli fructiferi solitarii v. bini v. terni pilosi. Folia minora, 4-7 cm. longa, 1.8-3.3 cm. lata. Bracteae 5-10 mm. longae. Pedicelli 21-32 mm. longi. Putamen manifeste sulcatum. P. plurinervis , Folia majora, pleraque ultra 8 cm. longa. Bracteae caducae v. ad 5 mm. longae. Putamen obsolete sulcatum. Rami hornotini breviter hirti. Lamina elliptica v. oblonga, 8-9.5 cm. longa, 2.5-4.2 cm. lata; supra sparsim strigosa. Bracteae caducae. Putamen ovatum P. rufoidcs. Rami hornotini dense rufo-hirsuti. Lamina ovata v. obovata v. obovato- oblonga, ad 13.5 cm. longa, 5.7 cm. lata, supra pilis rigidulis conspersa. Bracteae 5 mm. longae, glandulis marginaUbus sessilibus. Putamen sub- rotundatum P. hirtifolia. Sect. 2. PSEUDOCERASUS, p. 244. Subsect. 7. HYPADENIUM, p. 244. Nulla species in China. Subsect. 8. SARGENTIELLA, p. 245. Flores coaetanei. Folia subtus dense molliter pilosa, petioli pilosi. Pedicelli plus minus pilosi; cupula parce pilosa v. subglabra; stylus basi pUosus. (Flores nonnisi pleni noti.) P. pseudocerasus. Folia subtus glabra v. parce pilosa. Cupula glabra; stylus glaber (in P. Wil- deniana ignotus). Folia (infimis interdum exceptis) 9-15 cm. longa, 4.5-7 cm. lata, utrinque glaberrima v. raro subtus barbulata, petiolis glaberrimis, intense viridia, den- tibus setaceo-acuminatis. Inflorescentiae glaberrimae. . . P. serrulata. Folia 4.5-9.5 cm. longa, 2.2-5.1 cm. lata, petiohs saepe pilosis, dentibus nunquam setaceo-acuminatis. Pedicelli saepe pilosuli. Petioli 10-20 mm. longi; foUa supra glabra v. raro initio pilis conspersa, subtus glabra, subpallida, nervis utrinsecus 8-9; cupula 6.5-10 mm. longa angusta; sepala 4-5 mm P. tenuiflora. Petioli 6-11 mm. longi; folia supra in costa v. etiam in nervis, interdum etiam facie pilis conspersa, subtus in costa densiuscule, in nervis laxius rigidulo- pilosa ceterum glabra v. subglabra, nervis utrinsecus 10-14; cupula 4 mm. longa; sepala 3 mm P. Wildeniana. Flores praecoces v. subpraecoces, glaberrimi, 1-2 in umbella sessilibus v. subsessi- libus. Glandulae foliorum dentibus insidentes inconspicuae. Pedicelli 8-9 mm. longi; cupula 9 mm., sepala Integra 4-5 mm., petala 10 mm. longa; stamina (37) 6 mm.; stylus glaber P.concinna. Glandulae foliorum dentibus insidentes validae. Pedicelli 9-12 mm. longi; cupula 7 mm.; sepala frequenter glanduloso-fimbriolata 4.5 mm.; petala 6 mm. longa; stamina (25) 3.5 mm.; stylus inferne parce villosus. P. Twymaniana. ROSACE AE . — PRUNUS 233 Subscct. 9. CONRADINIA, p. 252. Stylus inferne hirsutus; cupula sepalaque extus minutim pubeacentia. P. Sprengeri. Stylus glaber. Pedicelli, cupula sepalaque glabra. Rami hornotini petiolique glabri. Petala 10-12 mm. longa, emarginato-biloba P. Conradinae. Petala 9.5 mm. longa, acutissima P. Helcnae. Pedicelli, cupula sepalaque pilosa. Rami hornotini petiolique pilosi. Rami vetustiores nigrofusci. Pedicelli 7 mm. longi, sepala 3.5 mm. longa, sub- retusa; petala 12-13 mm., stamina (39) ad 9 mm. longa. ... P. saltuum. Rami vetustiores pallide ochracei. Pedicelli 7-17 mm. longi; sepala 3 mm. longa, acuta; petala 8.5 mm.; stamina (49) ad 7 mm. longa. ... P. pauciflora. Subsect. 10. SERRULA, p. 252. Folia late elliptica (8-12:3.2-4.8 cm.) petiolis 12-20 mm. longis. Ramuli novelli glabri. Pedicelli 7-27 mm. longi; cupula 9-10 mm., sepala 4-5.5 mm. longa, integra; petala 15 mm. longa, Integra v. vix emarginata; stamina 32-34, ad 10 V. 12 mm. longa; stylus glaber P. majestica. Folia lanceolata (3.5-10:0.7-2.5 cm.), petiolis 5-14 mm. longis. Ramuli novelli tenere pubescentes. Pedicelli 5-14 mm. longi; cupula 8-9 mm., sepala 3 mm. longa minutim glanduloso-denticulata; petala 8.5 mm. longa, integra v. subtricus- pidata; stamina 44, ad 10 mm. longa; stylus inferne pubescens. . . P. serrula. Subsect. 11. PUDDUM, p. 253. Glaberrima, exceptis foliis initio subtus in nervis pilis paucissimis teneris con- epersis. Petioli 7-8 mm. longi eglanduloai; lamina elliptica v. ovato- v. lanceolato- elliptica, inaequaliter argute serrata dentibus subincurvis, glandula minima ter- minatis, nervis utrinsecus circiter 8-9. Involucra ad 15 mm. longa. Umbellae subsessiles 1-3-florae; pedicelli 6-15 mm. longi. Flores subcoaetanei foliis simul 2.5-4 cm. longis; cupula 6.5-9 mm. longa campanulata v. campanulato-tubulosa; sepala 4-5 mm. longa, obtusa; petala campanulato-conniventia, 10-11 mm. longa, rosea; stamina circ. 25, petalis subaequilonga, ad 8.5 v. 10.5 mm. longa; stylus glaber. Drupa conica, 16 mm. longa, 11 mm. diam., rubra; putamen conico- ellipticum circ. 12 mm. longum 8 mm. latum, foveolatum. ... P. campanulata. Subsect. 12. MICROCALYMMA, p. 254. Gemmae pilosae. Petioli 9-16 mm. longi, plus minus pilosi; glandulae rarae, laminae basi, rarius petioli apici insertae; lamina oblonga, obovato-oblonga, obo- vato-lanceolata v. late elliptica, acuminata, breviter argute simpliciter serrata, subtus in costa nervisque, in innovationum foliis etiam in facie dense accumbenti- pilosa, nervis utrinsecus 9-14(-17) approximatis parallelis rectis. Involucra 7 mm. longa; pedunculus 2-5 mm. longus; flores (l-)2-4 umbcllati, subpraecoces, foliis simul 1.5-3 cm. longis; bracteae saepe caducae; pedicelli 13-26 mm. longi, dense villosi; cupula 5-7 mm. longa, tubulosa v. suburceolata, dense villosa; sepala oblonga 3-4 mm. longa, frequenter argute serrulata, extus dense pilosa; petala rotundata v. rotundato-ovalia, 9.5-13 mm. longa, 6-9 mm. lata, biloba; stamina 13-24, petalis breviora, ad 4.5-7 mm. longa; stylus inferne dense villosus. Drupa nigra, putamen obsolete sulcatum P. Herincqiana. 234 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Subsect. 13. CERASEIDOS, p. 257. Ser. 1. Phyllopodium, p. 257. Cupula sepalaque pilosa, stylus inferne pilosus. Folia supra hirta. Flores coae- tanei; pedunculi brevissimi v. ad 10(-17) mm. longi; cupula 5.5-6.5 mm., sepala 2-4 mm., petala baud emarginata 4-5 mm., stamina 2-3.5 mm. longa. Petioli glabri, folia subtus in nervis tantum pilosa, nervorum paribus circiter 10; dentes latiores quam longae, mucronatae, glandula terminatae; cupula 6 mm.; sepala Integra etiam intus pilosa, 2 mm.; petala 4 mm.; stamina 2 mm P. setulosa. Petioli hirti v. hirsuti, folia subtus undique hirta. Petala 5 mm.; stamina 3-3.5 mm. longa. Foliorum dentes tarn longae quam latae v. paullo longiores, subito argutissime acuminatae, glandula nulla v. fere inconspicua terminatae. Flores l-2ni; cupula 6.5 mm. longa; sepala 3.5 mm., Integra, intus pilosa. . P. phyllopoda. Foliorum dentes latiores quam longae, e parte obtusa subito cuspidatae v. mucronato-cuspidatae, glandula bene conspicua capitata v. depressa ter- minatae. Flores (l-)2-5ni; cupula 5.5 cm. longa; sepala 4 mm. serrulata V. rarius Integra, intus glabra v. parce tenere pilosa .... P. canescens. Cupula sepalaque glabra, stylus glaber. Folia supra glabra, subtus in nervis pilosa, dentes vix longiores quam latae, cuspidatae, eglandulosae. Flores prae- coces; pedunculi nulli; pedicelli 8-13 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 8-10 mm., tubulosa; sepala 4.5-5 mm., integra; petala 10 mm., emarginata; stamina 9 mm P. Veitchii. Ser. 2. Droserina, p. 257. Rami juveniles dense breviter hirtelli. Petioli hirsuti, foliorum dentes eglandulosae, pagina inferior in nervis hirsuta. Pedunculi pedicellique hirsuti; cupula 6.5 mm. longa, suburceolato-campanulata, ima basi pilosa ceterum glabra; sepala 2 mm. longa, integra; petala 6.8 mm. longa, baud acuta; stamina 40; stylus inferne dense lanato-villosus P. Giraldiana. Rami juveniles pilis longis paucissimis conspersi. Petioli glabri, foliorum dentes glandula valida conica terminatae, pagina inferior undique pilosa. Pedimculi pedicellique glabri; cupula 5 mm. longa, obconico-campanulata, glabra; sepala 2.3 mm. longa, minutim glanduloso-denticulata; petala 5.5 mm. longa, acuti- uscula; stamina 26; stylus inferne parce villosus P. droseracea, Ser. 3. OxYODON, p. 258. It has been impossible to draw up a good conspectus of the species of this group, as the flowers of five species are unknown, and I have been obliged to separate those of which the flowers are known from those of which only the fruits are known and to indicate the distinguishing characters more fully, that in some degree a correct determination may be obtained. Primus Zappeya7ia ? var. subsimplex has been omitted as being of a too doubtful position. Conspectus Specierum quarum Flores noti. Folia semper acuminata. Sepala semper, saepe parce, brevissime glanduloso- fimbriolata. Cupula glabra (excepta in P. micromeloide) . Flores coaetanei. Sepala intus plus minus pilosa. Petioli 6-10 mm. glabri v. superne parce pilosi. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 235 Lamina ovata, obovata, obovato-oblonga (2.5-4.5: 1.3-2.3 cm.), dentibus late triangularibus, supra in co.sta pubescens, in nervis parce stri gosa, juxta costam glabram v. vsubglabram pilis longis obsita, ceterum parce vel uberiua villosa, nervorum paribu.s 8-12. Pedunculus 3-11 mm., bracteae 3-8 mm.; pedicelli 2-3ni, 11-20 mm., glabri; cupula 5-7.5 mm., subanguste obconi(!o- campanulata; sepala 2-3 mm.; pctala 7-8.5 mm.; .stamina (25-33) ad 7.5mm.; stylus ad v. ultra medium dense villosus. Drupa ignota . . P. trichostoma. Sepala intus glabra. Stamina 25-33. Folia ovata, obovata v. obovato-oblonga. Floras l-3ni; petala 5-6 mm.; stamina ad 4-6.5 mm. Folia minora, 2-5:2.1-2.4 cm. Bracteae 2mm. longae deciduae. Ramuli juveniles dense pilosi mox glabrati. Petioli 7-11 mm., glabri; lamina supra in costa albo-pubescens ceterum substrigulosa v. glabrata, subtus juxta costam glabram v. subglabram pilis longis obsita, nervis glabris, utrinsecus 7-11. Pedunculus brevissimus, pedicelli 8-25 mm. longi, basi parce pilo.si v. glabri; cupula 5.5-6.5 mm., breviter latiuscule campanulata, sepala 2-3 mm.; stylus glaber v. subglaber. Drupa rubra; putamen rotunda- tum, valide sulcatum et subfoveolatum P. latidentata. Folia majora, 5.5-8:2.8-5 cm. Bracteae 3-10 mm. longae, herbaceae. Ramuli juveniles strigulosi postea glabrati. Petioli 11-13 mm., glabri V. parce pilosi; lamina supra strigulosa, subtus initio densiuscule v. tomentoso-pilosa dein in costa nervisque tantum hirtella, nervis utrin- secus 11-14. Pedunculus 3-7 mm., pedicelli 6-13 mm., glabri; cupula 5.5 mm., obconico-campanulata; sepala 2 mm.; stylus ultra medium laxius- cule hirtus. Drupa ignota P. oxyodonta. Stamina circ. 19. Rami hornotini glabri. Petioli 7-11 mm., supra parce villosi; lamina ovato-rotundata, ovata v. obovata, supra strigulosa v. subglabra, subtus initio tomentosa, dein in nervis tantum pilosa v. glabre- scens, nervis utrinsecus 7-12. Pedunculus circ. 4 mm., bracteae circ. 4 mm., herbaceae, pedicelli 2-3ni, 5-20 mm., pilosiusculi demum glabri; cupula 5 mm., breviter lateque campanulata, parce pilosa; sepala 1.7 mm.; petala 4.5 mm.; stamina ad 7 mm.; stylus ultra medium villosus. Drupa ut videtur rubra, putamen rotundatum, validiuscule v. valide costatum ac foveolatum, P. micromeloidea. Flores praecoces. Rami hornotini glabri v. pilosi. Petioli 5-15 mm., glabri v. supra hirti; lamina obovata ad oblongo-lanceolata, supra glabra v. parcissime strigulosa, subtus a.xilloso-barbata v. juxta costam longe villosa, nervis utrinsecus 9-15. Pedunculus subnullus, involucro parvo inclusus, pedicelli l-3ni, 1-3 mm., Bub fructu 8-11 mm., glabri; cupula 5.5-7 mm., crasse tubuloso-campanulata; sepala 2-3 mm.; petala 5.5-6 mm.; stamina (35-40) ad 4 mm.; stylus basi pilis paucis obsitus P. stipulacea. Conspectus Specierum quarum Flores ignoti. Putamen rotundatum; bracteae sub fructu deciduae; pedicelli fructiferi incras- sati, glabri. Drupa fusco-rubra (v. fere nigra?); putamen valide reticulato-costatum. Petioli 12-16 mm., densiuscule pilosi; lamina inverse oblonga v. raro obovato-ob- longa (6-11:3-5.3 cm.), supra sparsim strigulosa v. subglabra, subtus in costa nervisque densius ceterum parce v. parcissime hirta, nervis utrinsecus 11-14. Pedunculus fructifer 3 mm., pedicellus unicus 25 mm. (Afiinis P. oxyodontae.) P. glyptocarya. 236 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Drupa nigra, putamen validiuscule sulcatum ac manifeste v. obsoletissime fo- veolatum. Petioli 5-11 mm., glabri, subtus plerumque corrugati; lamina obovata, obovato-oblonga v. rhombeo-oblonga (1.7-6:1.1-3 cm.), supra par- cissime strigulosa v. subglabra, subtus in costa nervisque laxe hirta ceterum glabra v. sparsim pilosa, costa subtus utroque latere anguste albido-alata, nervis utrlnsecus 7-10. Pedunculus nullus, pedicelli solitarii, 10-13 mm. longi. P. pleuroptera. Putamen ovale v. ovatimi. Putamen valide sulcatum et foveolatum, sulcis plm-ibus. Petioli 7-15 mm., parce hirti v. glabri. Drupa pallida v. rubra. Pedicelli glabri, sursum sensim incrassati. Foliorum nervi utrinsecus 10-16; lamina ovato-oblonga, oblonga v. inverse oblonga (5-8.5:2.5-4 cm.), supra pilis rigidulis conspersa, subtus in costa nervisque densiuscule ceteriun laxe breviter hirta. Pedunculus 8-12 mm.; bracteae 3, herbaceae, circ. 4 mm. longae, pedicelli 17-24 mm. P. podadenia. Foliorum nervi utrinsecus 6-10; lamina obovata, inverse oblonga v. oblongo- lanceolata (2-8:1.3-4.4 cm.), supra sparsim strigosa vel subglabra, subtus in costa nervisque parce hirta ceterum glabra v. subglabra. Pedunculus 1-6 mm.; bracteae deciduae, pedicelli l-2ni, 11-35 mm. . P. lobulata. Putamen obsolete v. obsoletissime sulcatum, sulcis circiter 2-3. Drupa nigra v. fusco-rubra. PetioU 7-10 mm.; lamina rhombeo-obovato-oblonga v. obo- vato-oblonga (1.8-8:0.8-3.5 cm.), supra parcissime strigulosa v. glabra, subtus axilloso-barbulata, in costa glabra, in nervis parce v. parcissime hirtula, nervis utrinsecus 5-7. Pedunculus 0-6 mm., bracteae 1-2, herbaceae, 4-6 mm.; pedicelli solitarii, 15-17 mm., glabri, summo apice tantum incrassati. P. Zappeyana. Ser. 4. EucERASEiDos, p. 259. Ramuli novelli dense hirtelli; petioli 4-8 mm., hirtelli; lamina ovata, obovata, V. ovato-oblonga (2-3.8:1-2 cm., sub anthesi), caudata, inciso-duplicato-serrata, dentibus late ovatis, obtusiuscuUs, subcuspidatis, glandula capitata terminatis, supra strigulosa, subtus in costa hirtella ceterum glabra, nervis utrinsecus circ. 10. Involucra decidua; pedunculus 0-8 mm.; flores 1-2 umbellati, coaetanei; bracteae 2-3 mm. longae, fuscescentes; pediceUi 4-9 mm., dense pubescentes; cupula 5-6 mm., crasse campanulata, dense pubescens; sepala suberecta, tri- angularia acuta, 2.5 mm., Integra v. subintegra, utrinque pilosa; petala ovalia, 8:5.5 mm.; stamina 27, ad 10 mm.; stylus glaber P. caudata. Ser. 5. Amblyodon, p. 262. Folia 2-5 cm. longa, anguste obovata, subtus glabra, dentes circ. tam longae quam latae v. paullo longiores. Pedicelli fructiferi 7-10 mm. longi . . P. gracilifolia. Folia 3.5-6 cm. longa, obovato-rotundata, subtus axilloso-barbata, dentes latiores quam longae. Pedicelli fructiferi 12-14 mm. longi P. Rossiana. GrexII. MICRO CERASUS, p. 262. Sect. 1. SPIRAEOPSIS, p. 262. Subsect. 1. MYRICOCERASUS, p. 262. Species Americae borealis. Subsect. 2. SPIRAEOCERASUS, p. 262. Folia obovato-oblonga, oblonga, oblongo-lanceolata, lanceolata, elliptica, baud V. parum acuminata, breviter simpliciter v. pro parte subduplicato-serrulata V. -crenata. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 237 Folia subtus ochraceo-hirtello-tomentosa, venarum reticulo subtus valido. Stylus glaber P. diclyoneura. Folia subtus glabra v. nonnisi juxta costam hirtella v. barbulata. Folia supra medium latiora. Stylus glaber P. humilis. Folia medio v. infra medium latiora. Stylus glaber v. basi pilosus. P. glandulosa. Folia ovata, ovato-rotundata v. raro ovato-lanceolata, nunquam supra medium latiora, acuminata v. caudata, dentibus majusculis v. magnis duplicato- serrata v. -crenata. Folia ad summum 3 cm. longa. Stylus usque ad medium hirtus. P. pogonostyla. Folia 3.5-8 cm. longa. Rami glabri v. pulverulenti. Folia subtus glabra v. in costa nervisque breviter hirtella. Stylus glaber v. basi pilosus P.japonica. Rami densissime hirsuti. Folia subtus hirsuta. (Stylus ignotus.) P. carcharias. Sect. 2. AMYGDALOCERASUS, p. 268. Ovarium inde a basi v. saltern a tertia parte villoso-tomentosum. Pedicelli 0.5-4.5, rarissime ad 6.5 mm. longi. Rami usque in secundum tertiumque annum tomentosi, demum cortice hinc inde rimoso baud v. sero soluto baud v. raro castanei .... P. iomentosa. Rami ab initio glaberrimi v. hinc inde pulverulenti, annotini cortice tenui argen- teo soluto demum intense castanei P. Batalinii. Ovarium summo apice tantum pilosum; pedicelU 6-8 mm. longi. Ramuli superne pubescentes. Flores coaetanei foliis simul ad 3 cm. longis; cupula 4.5 mm. longa, ebasirotundatacrassecupuliformis; 8epala2mm. longa .... P. cinerascena. ENUMERATIO SPECIERUM OMNIUM SUBGEN. CERASI ADJECTIS SPECIERUM NOVARUM DIAGNOSIBUS VEL DESCRIPTIONIBUS. GrexL TYPOCERASUS Koehne, n. divis. Sect. 1. CREMASTOSEPALUM ^ Koehne, n. sect. Subsect. 1. MAHALEB Koehne. Cerasus sect. Mahaleb Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. III. 79 emend. (1847). Prunus subgen. Cerasus sect. Mahaleb Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 305 (1893). Ser. 1. EuMAHALEB Koehne, n. ser. 1. Prunus Mahaleb Linnaeus. Europe, Western Asia. Ser. 2. Paramahaleb Koehne, n. ser. 2. Prunus mollis Walpers. Western North America. 3. Prunus emarginata Walpers. Western North America. Cerasus calif ornica Greene an hue ducenda? 4. Prunus pennsylvanica Linnaeus. Eastern North America. Subsect. 2. EUCERASUS Koehne. Prunus sect. Eucerasus Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 306 (1893). 5. Prunus fruticosa Pallas. Europa to Siberia. ^ From KpffMavvvfii, to hang. 238 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 6. Primus acida C. Koch. Southern Europe. This name may be provisorily retained. 7. Pninus Cerasus Linnaeus. Europe, western Asia. 8. Prunus avixim Linnaeus. Europe, western Asia. Subsect. 3. PHYLLOMAHALEB Koehne, n. subs. Ser. 1. Aphanadenium Koehne, n. ser. 9. Prunus MaximowiczU Ruprecht in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersburg, XV. 131 (1857). Prunus bracteata Franchet & Savatier, Enum. PI. Jap. II. 329 (1879). Prunus apetala Zabel in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XIII. 60 (non Franchet & Savatier) (1904). Amurland, eastern Mandshuria, Korea, Saghalin, Japan from Hokkaido to Kiu- shiu. Not yet reported from China proper. Prunus Maximowiczii, var. aperta, Komarow in Act. Hort. Petrop. XXII. 5, 48 (1904). Mandshuria from the Ussuri through Kirin to Mukden and northern Korea. 10. Prunus pulchella Koehne. See p. 197. Ser. 2. Macradenium Koehne, n. ser. 11. Prunus conadenia Koehne. See p. 197. 12. Prunus pleiocerasus Koehne. See p. 198. 13. Prunus macradenia Koehne. See p. 199. 14. Prunus discadenia Koehne. See p. 200. Specimens of P. cerasoides D. Don ("Himalaya boreali-occidentalis, regione temperata, alt. 7000 ped., coll. T.Thomson," in Herb. Ind. Or. Hooker f. & Thomson, distributed as P. Puddum) included a leafy branch with leaves resembling closely those of P. discadenia. On account, however, of the great distance between western Hupeh and the northwestern Himalayas the branch hardly belongs to P. discadenia, but probably to another species not yet described. 15. Prunus szechuanica BataUn in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIV. 167 (1895). Szech'uan: "inter Siao-shinte et Wa-sze-kou," July 14, 1893, V. A. Kachkarov. Subsect. 4. PHYLLOCERASUS Koehne, n. subsect. 16. Prunus tatsienensis Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XIV. 322 (1897). Szech'uan: between the village Erh-to-shui and Tatsien-lu, April 4, 1893, G. N. Polanin; Tatsien-lu, May 12, 1893, G. N. Potanin. Prunus tatsienensis, var. adenophora (Franchet) Koehne, n. comb. Prunus Maximowiczii, var. adenophora Franchet, PI. Delavay. 195 (1889). Ramuli novelli glaberrimi, annotini ochracei, vetustiores cinerei striati. Stipulae ad 2 mm. longae; petioU glaberrimi, glandulis plerumque 2 laminae basi insertis; lamina e basi rotundata v. emarginata late obovata, caudata, duplicato-serrata, glaberrima v. supra remotissime minutissime strigulosa, nervis utrinsecus circiter 6-10. Involucrum fere 1cm. longimi; pedunculus 10-14 mm. longus; flores (2-)3, infimo interdum subremoto; bracteae 3-5, infima oblonga v. oblongo-lanceolata, 13-17 mm. longa 5 mm. lata, ceterae orbiculatae, 4-9 mm. longae; pedicelU 6-11 mm. longi; sepala integra; petala orbiculata, 6.2 mm. longa, 5.2 mm. lata, integra; stamina 38, ad 5 mm. longa; pistillum 7 mm. longum. Cetera ut in typo. Yunnan: in the garden of Mr. Le Guilcher at Tali, /. Af . Dekmy. Prunus tatsienensis, var. stenadenia Koehne. See. p. 201. 17. Primus variabilis Koehne. See p. 201. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 239 18. Prunus pilosiuscula (Schneider) Koehne. See p. 202. 19. Prunus polytricha Koehne. See p. 204. 20. Prunus Rehderiana Koehne. See p. 205. 21. Prunus venusta Koehne, n. ap. Arbor 6-inotr:iUs; ramuli annotini glabri, cinerei v. fuscescenti-cinerei. Stipulae angiistissimc hneares, ghmdulo.so-fimbriatae; pctioU glabri, glanduhs 0 v. parvis; lamina sub anthesi 1.25-2 cm. longa, argute duplicato-serrata, dentibus mucronatis glandula minima terminatis, supra sparsim strigulosa, subtus in costa ac nervia breviter liirtella ceterum glabra v. remotissime pihfera, nervis utrinseous circiter 7-8. Involucrum circ. 1 cm. longum latumque, sub anthesi persisten.s; pedun- culus subnullus; flores 2-3 umbellati, coaetanei; bracteae absconditae, subor- biculatae, 3-6 mm. longae, herbaceae, glanduloso-serratae; pedicelU 10-12 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 5 mm. longa, turbinato-campanulata, paullo longior quam lata, glabra; sepala reflexa, triangularia acutiuscula, 3-4 mm. longa, fimbriolis V. dcnticulis glandulosis utrinsecus 1-3 munita, glabra; petala ovato-rotundata, 8 mm. longa, 6.5 mm. lata, integra, alba; stamina 23, petalis subaequilonga, ad 7 mm. longa; stylus fere 3 mm., stamina superans, usque ad medium villosus. Drupa ignota. Western Hupeh: Pa-tung, April 28, 1900, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 446). This species is yet incompletely known, but it differs from those species of this group, the flowers of which are known, in the scales which form at the base of the umbel an involucre persisting during anthesis, in the more turbinate shape of the cupula, and in the nearly sessile umbel. From P. polytricha Koehne it differs in its glabrous pedicels, and from P. darofolia Schneider it differs apparently in the more acute teeth of the leaves. Prunus litigiosa Schneider, in which the involucre also persists, has much narrower petals. 22. Prunus litigiosa Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 65 (1905). Hupeh: A. Henry (No. 5295). From those species of this group whose flowers are known P. litigiosa is pro- visorily well distinguished by the narrow acutish petals and the somewhat slenderer calyx. To form a correct opinion of this plant, much more copious material and particularly the fruits are needed. Prunus litigiosa, var. abbreviata Koehne. See p. 205. 23. Prunus clarofolia Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 67 (1905). Szech'uan: Nan-ch'uan, summer 1891, A. von Rosthom. The roundish form of the leaves and their pale color on both sides, as well as the slight lustre of the lower surface and the elevated veins and veinlets on the upper surface are very characteristic. Occasionally I have noticed the pale color and the lustre on the lower surface of the mature leaves also in other species of the group, but the prominent reticulation does not seem to occur in other species, nor the comparatively short and broad, not very acute serratures. It is to be hoped that the flowers will show, when they become known, that P. clarofolia really belongs in the subsect. Phyllocerasus. Subsect. 5. PSEUDOMAHALEB Koehne, n. subsect. 24. Prunus yunnanensis Franchet, PI. Delavay. 195 (1889). Arbor excelsa; ramuli novelli hirti, annotini glabri, cano-ochracei v. cani, demum fusci; gemmae 2 mm. longae, ovato-rotundatae. Stipulae subulatae, glanduloso- fimbriatae; petioli 8-12 mm. longi, crassi, dense hirti, glandulas paullo infra 240 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA apicem magnas planas gerentes; lamina e basi rotundata obovata v. ovato-oblonga V. oblonga, 4-9.5 cm. longa 2-4.5 cm. lata, acuminata, serrata dentibus parvis acutiusculis glandula parva terminatis, supra sparsim strigosa, subtus in costa nervisque densius ceterum laxius hirta, nervis utrinsecus circiter 11-14. Involu- crum ante anthesin deciduum; pedunculus 4-9 mm. longus, dense hirtellus; floras (3-)5-7 breviter umbellato-racemosi, praecoces; bracteae obovatae, vix 2 mm. longae, eroso-dentatae dentibus glanduliferis, dense pilosae; pedicelli 8-13 mm., fructiferi ad 20 mm. longi, dense pilosi; cupula subanguste campanulata, vix 5 mm. longa, dense hirtella; sepala reflexa, ovata obtusa, 2.5 mm. longa, Integra, utrinque hirtella; petala orbicularia, 6-8 mm. longa, 5-7 mm. lata, vix crenulata; stamina 38, petalis sublongiora, ad 9 v. 10 mm. longa; pistillum 11 mm. longum, stylus staminibus brevior, usque ad medium ut ovarii apex hirtus. Drupa ovalis, 10 mm. longa 7 mm. diam., atroviolacea; putamen ovatum, 8:6:4 mm., juxta carinam sulcis paucis obliquis obsoletis exsculptum. Yunnan: woods of Pee-tsao-lo, above Mo-so-yn (Lan-kong), alt. 2500 m., April 4, 1887, J. M. Delavay; mount Tche-sousse near Tong-tchouen, May 26, 1882, J. M. Delavay; ravines of Tan-tchang-kiou near Hokin, May 22, 1885, J. M. Delavay (No. 1049; I have not seen this number). This species has been fully described to complete the original description. 25. Prunus Macgregoriana Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 6-metraUs; rami annotini crassi, intense fusci, glabri. Folia (nondum evoluta) 1.5-2 cm. longa, argute serrata, dentibus brevibus glanduliferis, supra sparsim pilosa, subtus in nervis densiuscule pilosa ceterum glabra, nervis utrin- secus circiter 8-11. Involucrum ante anthesin deciduum, squama hinc inde solitaria ad 1 cm. longa persistente; pedunculus 5-10 mm. longus, pubescens; pedunculus 5-10 mm. longus, pubescens; flores 2-3 umbellati v. infimo interdum subremoto, subpraecoces; bracteae ovatae v. rotundatae, 2-3 mm. longae, glandu- loso- ac subfimbriato-serratae; pedicelli 10-17 mm. longi, superne parcissime hirteUi; cupula 5 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, subanguste campanulata, glabra; sepala reflexa, oblonga obtusa, 4 mm. longa, integra, glabra; petala rotundato-ovaUa, 11 mm. longa, 8 mm. lata, vix crenulata, rosea (pink) ; stamina 39, petalis subaequilonga, ad 11 mm. longa; stylus staminibus parum longior, usque ad medium laxe hirtellus. Drupa ignota. Western Hupeh: Patung, April 24, 1900, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exp., No. 474). At the request of Mr. Wilson this species is named in compliment of Mr. Donald Macgregor, superintendent of parks and the public gardens of Shanghai, who has made a small but interesting collection of Ningpo plants for the Arnold Arboretum. 26. Prunus Henryi (Schneider) Koehne, n. sp. Prunus yunnanensis, var. Henryi C. K. Schneider in Fedde Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 66 (pro parte) (1905). Ramuli novelli glabri, vetustiores crassi, intense v. nigro-fusci; gemmae 3.5-5 mm. longae, crasse ovatae obtusae, glabrae. Stipulae lineares, circiter ad 8 mm. longae, glanduloso-fimbriatae; petioU 8-9 mm. longi, glabri, glandulas 1-2 summo apice gerentes; lamina e basi acuta v. rotundata ovata v. ovato-oblonga, sub anthesi ad 4 cm. longa 2 cm. lata, subito longe acuminata, argute, hinc inde duplicato- serrata, dentibus angustis, glandula minutissima terminatis, supra in costa longe tenere villosa, subtus glaberrima v. in nervorum axillis vix barbulata, nervis utrin- secus circiter 7-10. Involucrum ante anthesin deciduum v. hinc inde persistens, 6 mm. longum latumque; pedunculus 2-6 mm. longus, glaber; flores 3-6, breviter umbellato-racemosi, coaetanei; bracteae 1-1.5 mm. longae, fuscescentes, apice ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 241 glanduloso-fimbriolato-serratae; pedicolli 0-13 mm. longi, glabri; cupula vix 4 mm. longa, subanguste campanulata, glabra v. superne parcissime pilosa; sepala reflexa ovata obtusa, 2 mm. longa, subtus parce pilosa, supra glabra; pctala ovali- ovata, 10 mm. longa, 6 mm. lata, alba; stamina 30, petalis subaequilonga, ad 9 mm. longa; pistillum 11 mm. longum; stylus stamina aequans, basi v. usque ad medium laxiuscule hirtellus. Drupa ignota. Yunnan: Mengtze, woods, alt. 1800 m., A. Henry (No. 10629). 27. Primus neglecta Koehne, n. sp. Prunus yunnanensis, var. Henryi C. K. Schneider in Fedde Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 66 pro parte (1905). Arbor 10-metralis; rami vetustiores crassi, pallide cani, demum intense fusci, glabri. Folia ignota. Involucra ante anthesin decidua, paucissima persistentia, 9 mm. longa, 3 mm. diam.; pedunculus 2-7 mm. longus, glaber; flores 3-5 breviter umbellato-racemosi, supremi 3 plerumque umbellati, praecoces; bracteae 0..5-1 mm. longae, fuscescentes, apice glanduloso-fimbriatae; pedicelli 5-8 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 5 mm. longa, campanulato-tubulosa, glabra; sepala reflexa, brevia obtusis- sima, 1.5 mm. longa, minutim parce glanduloso-denticulata, ceterum glabra; petala obovata (videntur 10 mm. longa, 5-6 mm. lata, male conservata), alba; stamina 27, petalis aequilonga, ad 9 v. 10 mm. longa; pistillum 11 mm. longum; stylus stamina aequans, glaberrimus. Yunnan: Mengtze, woods, alt. 2000m., A. Henry (No. 106295). Subsect. 6. LOBOPETALUM Koehne, n. subsect. Ser. 1. Heterocalyx Koehne, n. ser. 28. Prunus scopulorum Koehne, n. sp. Arbor 6-metralis; rami vetustiores validi, fusci glabri; gemmae ad 7 mm. longae, oblongae, acutae, glabrae. Folia nondum evoluta, dentes videntur obtusae, glandula crassa conica terminatae, pagina inferior subtus in nervis laxiuscule sericeo-villosa, inter nervos glabra v. subglabra. Involucra sub anthesi fere omnia decidua, paucissima persistentia ad 1 cm. longa; pedunculus 5-9 mm. longus, laxe hirtellus; flores 2-4 umbellati v. infimo subremoto subumbellati, sub praecoces foUis simul 1-2 cm. longis; bracteae 1-2.5 mm. longae, apice inciso-serratae, de- ciduae; pedicelli 15-19 mm. longi, laxe villosiusculi; cupula 6 mm. longa 3 mm. lata, subanguste campanulata, basi densiuscule hirtella, superne glabra; sepala reflexa, ovata obtusiuscula, 4 mm. longa, Integra, ciliolata, ceterum glabra; petala ovalia, 15 mm. longa, 10.5 mm. lata, biloba sinu triangulari-patente; stamina 34, petalis triente breviora, ad 9.5 mm. longa; stylus stamina aequans, glaber. Drupa ignota. Western Hupeh; Ichang, cliffs, March 16, 1900, E. H. Wilson (Veitch. Exped, No. 146). Further material is needed to decide whether P. ampla Koehne, known only from leaves and distinguished by its thick conical glands of the serratures, may not belong here. 29. Pninus glabra (Pampanini) Koehne, n. sp. Prunus hirtipes, var. glabra Pampanini in Nuov, Giorn. Bot. Ital. XVII. 293 (1910); XVIII. 122 (1911). Ramus annotinus fuscescens, glaber; gemma terminalis 8 mm. longa, oblonga, acuta, glabra. Folia ignota. Involucra ante anthesin decidua; pedunculus nuUus; flores 3-4, umbellati, praecoces; bracteae caducae; pedicelli circ. 14-16 mm. longi, 242 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA glabri; cupula subtubuloso-campanulata, 5 mm. longa, glabra; sepala reflexa, triangularia acuta, 2.5 mm. longa, Integra, ciliolata ceterum glabra; petala anguste oblonga, 12 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata, inciso-biloba sinu 4 mm. longo angusto; Btamina 54, petalis quarta parte breviora, ad 9 mm. longa; pistillum 14 mm. longum, glaber- rimum, stylus stamina aequans. Drupa ignota. Hupeh: Sian-men-kou, alt. c. 900 m., May 1-Dec. 10, 1906, C. Silvestn (No. 974; vidi fragmentum cum umbellis duabus); Ou-pan-chan, alt. above 600 m., March 14-23, 1910, C. Silvestri (No. 3025, ex Pampanini). 30. Prunus involucrata Koehne. See p. 206. 31. Prunus hirtipes Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 218 (1887). The specimens determined by Pampanini as P. hirtipes Hemsley belong probably to P. involucrata Koehne, see p. 206. 32. Prunus Schneideriana Koehne, n. sp. Flowering (type) specimens, collected at Ningpo by Faber: Rami annotini sat crassi, cano-fuscescentes, obsolete hirti. Foliorum nondum evolutorum dentes glandula validiuscula capitata terminatae, pagina superior sparsJm pubescens, inferior in nervis pilosa, inter nervos subglabra, ner\ds utrin- secus circiter 8-11. Involucra sub anthesi fere omnia caduca, squama interiore quadam hinc inde persistente 7 mm. longa; pedunculus 0-2 mm. longus; flores 1-2 umbellati subpraecoces, foliis simul 1-1.5 cm. longis; bracteae vix 1.5 mm. longae, dcciduae; pedicelli 12-14 mm. longi, dense hirti; cupula 6 mm. longa, tubu- losa, dense hirta; sepala reflexa, oblonga obtusiuscula, 5 mm. longa, subtus hirta, supra glabra, fimbriis 1-3 glanduliferis utrinsecus munita; petala ovalia, 12 mm. longa, 7.5 mm. lata, inciso-biloba, sinu 3.5 mm. longo angustissimo ; stamina 39, petalis triente breviora, ad 8.5 mm. longa; stylus staminibus vix brevior, usque ad tertiam partam breviter laxiuscule hirtus. Fruiting specimens, collected near Ningpo by Macgregor, probably belong here: Ramuli hornotini obsolete hirti, vetustiores cinerei, glabri. Stipulae deciduae; petioli 8-12 mm. longi, supra hirti v. subglabri, glandulis plerumque 2 apici in- sertis; lamina e basi rotundata v. rarius subacuta oblonga v. obovato-oblonga v. late ovata, 6-10 cm. longa, 3.2-5.3 cm. lata, subito longiuscule acuminata, serrata dentibus parvulis hinc inde duplicatis, obtusiusculis v. acutiuscuUs, glandula parva V. validiuscula capitata v. breviter conica terminatis, supra in costa villosa ceterum glabra, subtus glabra v. in costa nervisque, rarius etiam in venis, sparsim v. par- cissime hirta, nervis utrinsecus circ. 7-9, papyracea, subtus pallidior. Pedunculus nullus; pedicelli 1-2 umbellati, 18-28 mm. longi, hirti. Drupa rotundato-ovalis, circ. 10 mm. longa, 8 mm. diam.; putamen subrotundatum, 8:7:5.3 mm., sulcis validiusculis paucis obliquis juxta carinam planam exsculptum. Chekiang: mountains of Ningpo, 1871, E. Faber (flowering specimens); vi- cinity of Ningpo, 1908, D. Macgregor (fruiting specimens). 33. Prunus Duclouxii Koehne, n. sp. Arbor; rami annotini crassi rigidi, cinerei, fusco- v. nigrescenti-puncticulati, glabri, vetustiores nigrescenti-fusci; gemmae 4-5 mm. longae, crasse ovatae, glabrae. Folia ignota. Involucra sub anthesi arete adhaerentia, 6-8 mm. longa lataque; pedunculus nullus; flores circiter 4 umbellati, praecoces; bracteae ab- sconditae; pedicelli 6-9 mm. longi, inclusi v. subinclusi, dense hirtelU; cupula 4 mm. longa, subanguste campanulata, hirtella; sepala reflexa, ovata obtusa, 2 mm. longa, basi parce glanduloso-fimbriolata ciliata, subtus parce hirtella, intus breviter villosa; petala ovata, 9-10 mm. longa, 6 mm. lata, leviter emarginata; stamina 33, petalis aequilonga, ad 9 mm. longa; pistillum 12 mm. longum, stylus Btamina aequans, basi parce hirtus. Drupa ignota. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 243 Yunnan: "Environs de Yunnan-sen, dans une ravine de la montagne," Feb. 16, 1897, Ducloux (No. 77). 34. Prunus ampla Koeline, n. sp. Rami hornotini crassi (fere 3 mm. diam.), cano-fuscescentes, glabri, vetustiores ignoti; gemmae 4 mm. longae, ovatae, acutae, glabrae. Stipulae caducae; petioli 8-10 mm. longi, 2 mm. lati, glabri, glandulas 2 crassas, ovales, ad 2 mm. longaa 2 mm. latas excavatas infra apicem gerentes; lamina e basi late rotundata late obovata, 12-13.5 longa, 6.5-8.4 cm. lata, subito breviter acuminata, liinc irregu- lariter hinc duplicato-serrata, dentibus latis, cuspidatis, glandula valida breviter conica terminatis, utrinque glabra, nervis utrinsecus circiter 10, supra ut videtur saturate viridis, subtus pallide viridis, membranacea. Cetera ignota. Szech'uan: Nan-ch'uan, summer 1891, A. von Roslhorn (No. 158). The leaves are so characteristic and so different from those of all other cherries that it seemed advisable not to leave this species undescribed, though neither the flowers nor the fruits are known. It is not impossible, however, that it belongs to P. scopulorum Koehne, known only in the flowering state. It should be compared also with P. Twymaniana Koehne of the sect. Pseudocerasus, which has equally large glands on the serratures and is known only in the flowering state. 35. Primus malifolia Koehne. See p. 207. Pninus malifolia, var. Rosthomii Koehne, n. var. Petioli 10-12 mm. longi, glandulis 1-2 latis petioU apici v. laminae basi insidenti- bus; lamina 8-10.8 cm. longa, 4-6.2 cm. lata, supra saturatius viridis. Cetera ut in typo, sed drupae ignotae. Szech'uan: Nan-ch'uan, summer 1891, A. von Rosthorn (No. 2420). This is possibly a distinct species. Ser. 2. Cyclaminium Koehne, n. ser. 36. Prunus cyclamina Koehne. See p. 207. Prunus cyclamina, var. bifiora Koehne, n. var. Arbor 13-metralis; rami vetustiores nigrescentes. Stipulae 9-15 mm. longae, petioli 8-14 mm.: lamina late elliptica v. inverse oblonga, angustior quam in typo, 6.5-9.5 cm. longa, 2.4-3.7 cm. lata, glaberrima, nervis utrinsecus circiter 8-10. Pedunculus 8-13 mm. longus; flores bini; pedicelli 16 mm. longi, cupula 3 mm., sepala 5 mm. ; stamina 30, ad 9 mm. longa. Western China: Mount Omei, May 1904, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 4859). 37. Prunus Dielsiana Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 68 (1905). "P. szechuanica, var.?" seu "P. szeclmanica, var. Dielsiana Schneider," 1. c, non P. szechuanica Batalin. Frutex arborescens 5-6-metralis v. arbor 6-10-metralis, truncus 20-40 cm. diam.; ramuli novelli glabri, vetustiores cinerei v. subfuscescentes; gemmae 2 mm. longae, rotundatae, glabrae. Stipulae lineari-filiformes, 8-15 mm. longae, basi pinnatifidae laciniis 1-3 angustis, 2-6 mm. longis, longe glanduloso-fimbriatae glandulis crassis; petioli 8-17 mm. longi, longe villosi v. demum subglabri, glandulis 1-3 validis infra v. supra medium v. apice muniti; lamina e basi acuta v. rotundata v. emargin- nata angustius latiusve inverse oblonga, 8-14 cm. longa, 4-5.5 cm. lata, subito anguste acuminata, simpliciter ac duplicato-serrata, dentibus majuscuhs, breviter argute acuminatis, glandula validiuscula disciformi terminatis, supra glabra, subtus in costa nervis venisque dense ceterum laxe moUiter villosa, nervis utrin- secus circiter 10-12, demuna subtus ochraceis, subtus vix pallidior quam supra, 244 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA papyracea. Involucra magna sub anthesi persistentia, posterius decidua; pedun- culus 6-20 mm. longiis, laxe villosus; flores (2-)3-5(-6) umbellati v. subumbellati, praecoces v. subpraecoces, foliis simul interdum ad 1-2 cm. longis, bracteae rotun- datae, 3-6 mm. longae, herbaceae, insigniter valideque glanduloso-fimbriatae, glandulis crassis, breviter conicis; pedicelli 10-35 mm. longi, laxe v. dense villosi; cupula 3.5-5 mm. longa, breviter campanulata, villosiuscula; sepala reflexa, ob- longa V. lanceolata acuta, 6.5-9 mm. longa, Integra v. subintegra, subtus glabra V. inferne pilosa, saepe ciliata; petala ovalia, 11-14 mm. longa, 5-9 mm. lata, biloba sinu triangulari-aperto, alba v. rosea; stamina 32-36, petalis subaequilonga, ad 11-13 mm. longa; pistillum 15-19 mm. longum, stylus staminibus subbrevior V. manifeste longior, glaber. Drupa globosa, 9 mm. longa, 8 mm. diam., rubra; putamen ovatum, 7:5:4 mm., carina subplana, ceterum laevissimum. Hupeh: A. Henry (No. 5812). As this species has not been fully described by Schneider a complete description ia given here. Henry's No. 5812 is in fruit with the peduncle 8-10 mm. long and with the pedicels 16-22 mm. long, and it is impossible to decide to which of the two following varieties it belongs. Prunus Dielsiana, var. laxa Koehne. See p. 208. Prunus Dielsiana, var. conferta Koehne, n. var. Involucra erecta clausa, circ. 1 cm. longa lataque; pedunculi ad 13 mm. longi, pedicelli 8-14 mm., cupula 3.5-4 mm., sepala 6.5-7 mm.. Western Hupeh: Patvmg, side of stream, April 1900, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 308). 38. Prunus plurinervis Koehne. See p. 208. 39. Prunus rufoides Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 55 (1905). Ramuli hornotini breviter hirti, annotini subglabrati nigrescenti-cinerei, vetustio- res fusci; gemmae fere 3 mm. longae, acutae, glabrae. Stipulae caducae; petioli 9-10 mm. longi, hirti, glandulis duabus validis prope apicem muniti; lamina e basi rotundata elliptica v. oblonga, 8-9.5 cm. longa, 2.5-4.2 cm. lata, subito breviter V. anguste longeque acuminata, argutissime simpliciter ac duplicato-serrata, dentibus longiusculis, subsetaceo-acuminatis, subincurvis, glandula minutissima terminatis, supra sparsim strigosa, subtus in costa nervisque dense, ceterum laxius subaccumbenti-hirta, nervis utrinsecus circ. 12-14 suberectis, utrinque subconcolora. Flores ignoti. Involucri rudimentum sub fructu persistens 3 mm. longum; pedun- culus 3-4 mm. longus; bracteae caducae; pedicelli 1-3 umbellati, 17-20 mm. longi, laxe rufo-hirti. Drupa ovali-rotundata, 10 mm. longa, 7.5 mm. lata, rubra; putamen ovatum, 8: 6:4.5 mm., basi obsolete sulcatima ceterum laeve. Szech'uan: A. Henry (No. 5780). 40. Pninus hirtifolia Koehne. See p. 209. Sect. 2. PSEUDOCERASUS Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 305 (1893). Prunus subgen. Cerasvs sect. Yamasakura Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot, Mag. XXV. 183 (1911). Subsect. 7. HYPADENIUM Koehne, n. subsect. 41. Prunus glandulifolia Ruprecht & Maximowicz in Mem. Sav. £tr. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, IX. 87 (Prim. Fl. Amur.) (1859). Amurland. This species is still very incompletely known and its systematic position is un- certain. I have seen in Spath's Arboretum near Berlin a young plant that had not flowered. ROSACE AE . — PRUNUS 245 Subsect. 8. SARGENTIELLA Koehne, n. subsect. 42. Prunus pseudocerasus Lindley in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. VI. 90 (1826). — Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 171 (1909), ubi descriptio completa.» Cerasus Pseudocerasus G. Don in Loudon, Hort. Brit. 200 (1830). Prunus Sieboldii Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 184 (1911)." Prunus pseudocerasus, forma Sieboldii Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Set. St. Pctersbourg, XXIX. 102; in Mel. Biol. XL 699 (1883), diagnosi emendanda.— Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Gcs. XVIII. 172 (1909).» Prumis paniculata Ker in Bot. Reg. X. t. 800 (1824), excludenda diagnosi e Thunbergio desumta, non Prunus paniculata Thunberg, quae Symplocos spec. Cerasus paniculata De Candolle, Prodr. II. 539 (1825), quoad tabulam Kerianam, sed excludendo synonymo Thunbergiano. ' Koidzumi considers P. pseudocerasus Lindley an entirely different species for the following reason: "P. pseudocerasus Lindley (non aliquot author. Europ. Amer. et Japonica) proved to be the Chinese Yung-to, and a species of the section Eucera- sus from the illustration by Dr. Hayata, which is delineated from Lindley's original specimen in the herbarium of the Cambridge University." The following particu- lars of liis description are especially important: Younger leaves on the petiole and on the veins beneath pilose or puberulent, glabrous above, doubly serrate. Flowers white; the corymbose racemes 4-5-flowered, pubescent, long or short peduncled; cupula broadly obconical, sepals ovate-elliptic, during anthesis horizontally spread- ing; style glabrous. Chinese name Yung-to. Central China, cultivated in Japan. I have not yet seen a plant which agrees with this description. Prunus pseu- docerasus Koidzumi certainly does not belong to the sect. Eucerasus, which is not represented in China. If Koidzumi is right, it seems difficult to explain why Lindley should have quoted plate 800 of the Botanical Register as a figure of his P. Pseudo- cerasus, for this plate certainly represents the plant which all later authors have called P. pseudocerasus and which I place here. Concerning the Chinese name Yung-to, it belongs, according to Lindley, not only to his P. pseudocerasus, but also to his P. serrulata; according to Wilson, the name Yung-to (Ying-to) is ap- plied to every Cherry, while Ku-ying-to (bitter cherry) is applied to the species of the sect. Padus. 2 Prunus pseudocerasus, var. humilis Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. VI. 52 (1892) = Prunus pseudocerasus, a. spontanea, subvar. humilis Makino, 1. c. XX. 44 (1906). — Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 182 (1909) = Prunus pseudocerasus, var. jamasakura, f. humilis Makino, 1. c. XXII. 98 (1908) = P. jamasakura, a elegans, a glabra, f. hortensis Koidzumi, 1. c. XXV. 185 (1911), does not seem to belong here, but I have not yet succeeded in finding out where to place it. It seems equally impossible to place or to refer to any other known species. Primus pseudocerasus, var. jamasakura, f. pubescens Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 98 (1908) = P. jamasakura, a elegans, h pubescens Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 185 (1911). The words "petiole spreadingly pubescent, pedicels spreadingly pubescent, calyx nearly glabrous" would lead me to think of P. paracerasus Koehne if it were not for "common peduncle short or very so" and "leaves sparsely pubescent on both sides." In P. paracerasus Koehne the peduncles are long and the leaves glabrous above. Of the pubescence of the style nothing is said by Makino. « It seems doubtful if P. pseudocerasus, var. Sieboldii Matsumura in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XV. 101 (1901) really belongs here. Though the author says "petioli pedun- culi pedicelli subvillosi," he also says, "calyx glaber, stylus glaber." 246 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Cerasus Sieholdtii Carri^re in Rev. Hort. 1866, 371. Prunus Sieboldii Wittmack in Gartenfl. LI. 272 (1902). Prunus psevdocerasus, y serrulata, subvar. Sieholdtii Makino in Tokyo Bat. Mag. XXII. 102 (1908)?, excludenda certe var. alhida Makino. Prunus serrulata, a serrulata, f. Sieholdtii Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 74 (1909). Prunus pseudocerasus, var. typica, subvar. Sieboldii Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 182 (1909). P. Pseudocerasus flore rosea plena Hort. ex Koehne. P. Pseudocerasus naden Hort. ex Koehne. Known only with double flowers. Introduced from China, 1819, by Samuel Brookes (Ker) ; 1822, by Reeves under the name of Yung-to (Lindley) ; from Japan by Fortune, distributed by Standish as Double Japanese Cherry; exhibited by Siebold as Cerasus pseudo Cerasus rosea plena (Carriere). Cultivated because of its flowers in the gardens of Chifu, prov. Shantung; near the hill of Nan-shan, April 4, 1898, collected by T. Takagaki (No. 672), as indicated by Matsumurain Tokyo Bot. Mag. XIV. 137 (1900). I have seen cultivated specimens from Japan in Rijks-Herbarium, Leyden, Siehold (designated as P. donarium Sie- bold, flowering twigs, mixed with leafy twigs of P. parvifolia), from Yedo, April 14, 1876, Hilgendorf (mixed with P. serrulata). Japanese name, as given by Koidzumi, Yugatzu Sakra. Prunus pseudocerasus, forma Watereri Koehne, 1. c. 172 (1909). An Cerasus Wattererii, cited by LavaUee, Icon. Arb. Segrez. 119 (1885), as synonym under Cerasus Pseudocerasus? An Cerasus Watereri Goldring in Garden, XXXIII. 416, fig. p. 420 (1888)? An Prunus serrulata, a serrulata, f. Wattererii Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 75 (1909)? Cultivated in European gardens. Prunus pseudocerasus, forma virescens Koehne, n. forma. Prunus donarium Siebold in Rijks-Herbarium, Leyden, (pro parte, rami florentes, mixti cum ramis fohatis P. parvifoliae). Petala circ. 20, ad 9 mm. longa, 6 mm. lata, bilobo-emarginata, viridescentia (secundum v. Siehold); stamina circiter 40, ad 7 mm. longa. Japan, v. Siehold. — See also P. serrulata, f. grandiflora Wagner with greenish flowers. 43. Prunus paracerasus Koehne in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. VII. 133 (1909); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 170 (1909). Introduced from Japan. Spontaneous specimens so far not seen. 44. Prunus serrulata Lindley in Trans. Hort. Soc. London, VII. 138 (1830). — Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 166 (1909) cum descriptione fusa. Prunus Cerasus, ^ flore simplici Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 201 (1784).i Prunus donarium Siebold in Verh. Batav. Genoot. XII. No. I. 68 {Syn. PI. Oecon.) (1827), secundum Maximowicz, sed cf. supra sub P. pseudoceraso. Prunus jamasakura Siebold, 1. c. (1827), secundum Lavallee. Cerasus serrulata G. Don in Loudon, Hort. Brit. 480 (1830). * According to a photograph of the authentic specimen sent by Professor O. Juel. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 247 Prunus Puddum Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. II. 90 (pro parte, non WalUch) (1865). Prunus pseudocerasus, var. jamasakura, subvar. glabra Makino in Tohjo Bot. Mag. XXII. 93 (1809). Prunus pseudocerasus, a jamasakura, forma praecox Makino, 1. c. XXII. 98 (1908). Prunus pseudocerasus, a jamasakura, a glabra, forma praecox Makino, 1. c. XXII. 113 (1908). Mihi nondum satis nota. Flores simplices. Prunus pseudocerasus, y serrulata, subvar. glabra Makino, 1. c. XXII. 101 (1908). Prunus pseudocerasus, /3 spontanea, subvar. hortensis Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 183 (1909). Formae floribus plenis non satis notae: Prxmus Cerasus, aflore plena Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 201 (1784). Prunus serrulata Lindley, cf. supra. Cerasus serrulata G. Don in Loudon, Arb. Brit. II. 701, fig. 407 (1833). Cerasus Pseudocerasus Lavallee, Icon. Arb. Segrez., 119, t. 36 (1885), (ubi citatur: Cerasus Maeda h.). Prunus pseudocerasus, y serrulata, subvar. glabra, forma Fugenzo Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 73 (1908). Prunus serrulata, a serrulata, forma Fugenzo, 1. rosea Makino, 1. c. XXIII. 74 (1909). Prunus jamasakura, a elegans, a glabra Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 185 (1911), utrum hue an ad P. Sargentii pertinet? Prunus jamasakura, /3 speciosa Koidzumi 1. c. 186 (1911). Japan, Korea. In collections P. serrulata is very often confused with P. Sargentii Rehder and less often with P. pseudocerasus Lindley or with P. H erincquiana Lavallc'e. It is said to have been introduced in 1822 from China according to Lindley, but I have seen no specimens from China. Cliinese locahties for it are sometimes given, but always with the quotation of synonyms which show a confusion between P. pseudocerasus Lindley and P. serrulata Lindley, so that these indications can not be safely used. Prunus serrulata, f. albida (Makino) Koehne, n. comb. Prunus pseudocerasus, /3 hortensis flore simplici albo Maximowicz in Bull, Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 102; in Mel. Biol. XL 699 (1883). Prunus pseudocerasus Stapf in Bot. Mag. CXXXI. t. 8012 (1905), ad banc vel ad sequentem formam pertinet, sed emendanda descriptione. Prunus pseudocerasus, y serrulata, subvar. Sieboldii, forma albida Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 102 (1908). Prunus serrulata, a serrulata, forma albida Makino, 1. c. XXIII. 74 (1909). Prunus serrulata, a yashino Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 167 (fine 1909). Prunus pseudocerasus yoshino Hort. ex Koelone. Prunus serrulata, f. Lannesiana (Carri^re) Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 167 (1909). Cerasus Lannesiana Carri^re in Rev. Hort. 1872, 198; 1873, 45, 351, t. Prunus pseudocerasus, /3 hortensis flore simplici cameo MaximoNvncz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 102; in Mel. Biol. XL 699 (1883). Prunus serrulata, a serrulata, f . Lannesiana Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 74 (1909). Prunus jamasakura, ^ speciosa, var. nobilis Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 187 (1911), ac ejuadem varietatis f. 1. serrulata Koidzumi I. c. 248 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Prunus semxiata, f. Kriegeri Koehne in Gartenfl. LII. 2 (nomen nudum) (1902); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 168 (1909). Cerasus pendula Kriegeri F. Spath ex Koehne. Prunus serrulata, f. grandiflora A. Wagner in Gartenfl. LII. 169. t. 1513a (1903). — Koehne in Mitteil. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 168 (1909). Prunus pseudocerasus, ^ hortensis flore plena viridi, Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 102; in Mel. Biol. XI. 699 (1883.) Prunus pseudocerasus, y serrulata, subvar. glabra, forma viridiflora Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 102 (1908). Prunus serrulata, a serrulata, forma viridiflora Makino 1. c. XXIII. 74 (1909), an hue pertinet ? Cerasus donariurn Siebold in Rijks-Herbarium, Leyden. Pru7ius pseudocerasus ukon Hort. ex Koehne. (See also P. pseudocerasus f. virescens Koehne with greenish flowers.) Prunus serrulata, f. ochichima Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 169 (1909). Primus serrulata, a serrulata, forma Fugenzo, 2. alborosea Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 74 (1909), saltern e nomine japonico Shiro-fugen. Prunus pseudocerasus ochichima Hort. ex Koehne. Prunus pseudocerasus shirofugen Hort. ex Koehne. Prunus serrulata, f. hisakura Koehne in Gartenfl. LI. 2, t. 1494 b (1902); in Mitt. Deutsch Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 169 (1909), excludendo synonymo P. pseudo- cerasus "James H. Veitch." Cerasus caproniana flore rosea plena Van Houtte in Fl. des Serres, XXI, 141, t. 2238 (1875) verisimiliter hue pertinet. Cerasus serratifolia rosea Carriere in Rev. Hort. 1877, 889, t. fig. B, verisimiliter hue pertinet. It is said to have been sold at first under the name of Cerasus Sieboldii rubra. Prunus pseudocerasus, ;3 hortensis flore semipleno roseo, Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XL 699 (1883) forsan hue pertinet. Prunus pseudocerasus hisakura Hort. ex Koehne. Prunus pseudocerasus benifugen Hort. ex Koehne. Prunus pseudocerasus "New Red." Hort. ex Koehne. Prunus serrulata "W. Kou" Hort. ex Koehne. P. jamasakura, ^ speciosa, var. nobilis, 2. donarium Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 187 (1911), verisimiliter hue v. ad aliam formam plenam pertinet. Prunus serrulata, f. Veitchiana Koehne in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. IX. 122 (1911). Cerasus pseudocerasus "James Veitch," Gartenfl. LI. 497 (1902). Prunus pseudocerasus "James H. Veitch" Hort. Prunus serrulata, f . mucronata Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 170 (1909). Prunus pseudocerasus, /3 hortensis flore pulcherrimo plena candido, Maximo- wiez in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 102; in Mel. Biol. XL 699 (1883) forsan hue pertinet. Prunus Cerasus flore roseo plena Hort. ex Koehne. ^ Prunus serrulata flore plena Hort. ex Koehne. Prunus serrulata, f. shidare-sakura Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII; 170 (1909). Prunus pseudocerasus, /3 hortensis flore cameo suffusa, Maximowicz in Bull. ROSACE AE. — PRUNUS 249 Acad. Sci. St. Pitersbourg, XXIX. 102; in Md. Biol. XI. 699 (1883) hue forsan pertinet. Prunus pseudocerasus shidare-sakura Hort. ex Koehne. 44 X 88 ? Prunus affinis Makino, = Prunus pseudocerasus jamasakura X incisa? Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 99 (1908). Japan. Unknown to me. I do not think it probable that a hybrid exists between P. serrulata Lindley {= P. pseudocerasus jamasakura Makino) and P. incisa. 45. Prunus Sargentii Rehder in Milt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVII. 159 (1908).— Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 164 (1909). — Hutchinson in Boi. Mag. CXXXVII. t. 8411 (1911). Prunus puddum Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. II. 90 (pro parte, non WaUich) (1865). Vidi in Herb. Leyden. Prunus pseudocerasus, var. sachalinensis F. Schmidt in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, 86t. 7, XII. No. II. 124 (Reis. in Amurland) (1868), verisimile hue referenda (exemplaria sunt fructifera). Prunus pseudocerasus, a spontanea Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Peters- bourg, XXIX. 102; in Mel. Biol. XI. 699 (pro parte) (1883). — Makino in Icon. PI. Jap. 1, t. 1-2 (1900). Prunus Mume, var. crasseglandulosa Miquel in Rijks-Herbarium, Leyden (a Maximowicz, 1. c, ad P. pseudocerasum ducta). Prunus pseudocerasus Sargent in Garden and Forest, X. 462, fig. 58 (non Lindley) (1897). Prunus "spec. Nordjapan," Zabel in Beissner, Schelle & Zabel, Handb. Laubholz- Ben. 241 (1903). Prunus pseudocerasus, ^ borealis Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 99 (1908). Prunus serridata, ^ borealis Makino, 1. c. XXIII. 75 (1909). Prunus pseudocerasus, /3 spontanea Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 182 (1909). P. jamasakura, a elegans, c compta Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 186 (1911) ac ejusdem varietatis f. hortensis Koidzumi, 1. c, num hue pertinent? P . jamasakura, a borealis Koidzumi, in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 187 (1911), ac ejusdem varietatis f. hortensis, Koidzumi, 1. c. 188.^ Korea, Saghalin, Japan. I have not yet seen specimens from China. Later, probably, several forms will have to be distinguished. In flower the living plant is markedly different from P. serrulata Lindley, but it is often difficult to refer dried specimens to the one or the other species. Very closely aUied to P. Sargentii Rehder is P. tenuiflora Koehne, the range of which, however, is so widely separated from that of P. Sar- gentii, that it seems better to consider P. tenuiflora for the present as a distinct species. 46. Prunus tenuiflora Koehne. See p. 209. 47. Prunus Wildeniana Koehne, n. sp. Ramuli novelli glabri v. basi pilis solitariis conspersa, annotini cani v. cano- fuscescentes, vetustiores sordide fusci. Stipulae ignotae; petioli 6-11 mm. longi, laxe subaccumbenti-hirtuli v. subglabri, glandulas 1-2 medio v. apice gerentes; lamina e basi acuta v. rotundata anguste ovata v. late elliptica v. obovata, 6-8.5 cm. longa, 3-^.2 cm. lata, caudato-acuminata, argute, hinc inde duphcato-serrata, * Where P. jamasakura, S. verecunda Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 188 (1911) "umbefiis sessilibus, pedicefiis calycibusque puberulis, foliis petiolisque pilosis demum subtus glabriusculis " can belong, I have not yet ascertained. 250 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA dentibus parvulis, acutis v. vix acuminatis, glandula parva capitata terminatis, supra in costa v. etiam in nervis, interdum etiam in facie pilis longiusculis rigidulis conspersa, subtus in costa densiuscule, in nervis laxius rigidulo-pilosa, ceterum glabra v. subglabra, nervis utrinsecus circiter 10-14, subtus vix pallidior, mem- branacea. Involucra mox post anthesin omnia decidua; pedunculus 5-7 mm. longus; flores 2-4 umbellati; pedicelli 18-23 mm. longi, sparsim pilosi; cupula 4 mm. longa, glabra; i sepala ut videtur patentia, oblonga, 3 mm. longa, Integra v. subintegra, parce tenere ciliata. Drupa juvenilis ovata, 8 mm. longa, 5.5 mm. lata; putamen laeve. Hupeh, A. Henry (No. 5308). I do not know of which species this plant could possibly be a variety. Therefore I have considered it as a distinct species. At the request of Mr. Wilson this species has been named in compliment to Monsieur Wilden of the French Consular service in China, stationed at Chengtu in 1908, who rendered Wilson valuable assistance. 48. Prunus Leveilleana Koehne, n. sp. Rami hornotini glabri. Petioli 11-18 mm. longi, glabri v. superne parce pilosi; glandulae 2-4 petiolo v. pro parte laminae basi insertae; lamina ovata v. latius angustiusve obovata, 4.5-8 cm. longa, 2.5-4.4 cm. lata, acuminata, dentibus par- vulis, acutis V. subacuminatis serrata, supra in costa nervisque v. etiam in venis pihs conspersa, subtus in costa nervis venisque rigidulo-pilosa (juvenilis subtua dense pilosa), nervorum paribus 9-10. Involucra sub anthesi persistentia, 10-14 mm. longa; pedunculus 6-15 mm.; flores (l-)2, subpraecoces foliis simul ad 2 cm. longis; bracteae 5-6 mm. longae, herbaceae; pedicelli 8-23 mm. longi glabri; cupula 5.3 mm. longa anguste obconica, glabra; sepala 4.5 mm. longa, Integra, glabra; petala rotundata, ad 11 mm. longa, emarginata; stamina 38, petalia dimidio breviora, stylus glaber. Drupa globosa, 3.5 mm. diam.; putamen subde- pressum, 4.8:5:3.3 mm., sublaeve. Korea: in the mountains of Mokhpo, March 1909, T. Taquet (No. 2519); in the same locaUty, May 1909, Taquet (No. 2517). 49. Prunus Sontagiae Koehne, n. sp. RamuH annotini (an etiam hornotini?) glabri. FoUorum sub anthesi petioli ad 5 mm. longi, hirti, lamina ad 3.3 cm. longa, in caudam angustam integram pro- ducta, setaceo-serrata, supra glabra, subtus in costa nervis venisque laxe hirta. In- volucra sub anthesi persistentia, 10-11 mm. longa; pedunculus nuUus v. inclusus; flores (l-)2-3 umbellati, coaetanei; bracteae subexsertae, spathulatae, herbaceae; pedicelli 10-15 mm. longi, inferne laxe superne densius villosi; cupula 5 mm. longa obconico-tubulosa, glabra v. subglabra; sepala 5 mm. longa, Integra, glabra; petala late ovata, 11 mm. longa, subbiloba sinu angusto; stamina 35, petaUs dimi- dio breviora; stylus glaber. Drupa ignota. Korea: Seoul, near Tap Tong, May 5, 1895, Miss A. Sontag. 50. Prunus mesadenia Koehne, n. sp. Ramuli novelU glabri. Petioli (foUa sub anthesi tantum nota) 10-18 mm. longi, glabri, glandulas 1-3 medio v. paullo supra medium gerentes; lamina ovato-lanceo- lata, 4.5 cm. longa, 1.7 cm. lata, anguste acuminata, dentibus anguste triangulari- bus setaceo-serrata, supra pilis conspersa, subtus glabra v. barbata, nervorum paribus circiter 10. Involucra patentia, 1.75 cm. lata; pedunculus 6 mm. longus; flores 4 umbellati, coaetanei; bracteae 5 mm. longae; petioli circ. 19 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 6 mm. longa, obconico-tubulosa, glabra; sepala 6.5 mm. longa, » I have been able to examine only one faded flower. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 251 integra, glabra; petala orbicularia, 15 mm. longa, emarginata; stamina 41, petalis dimidio breviora; stylus glaber. Nippon: Swasima, April 2, 1879, /. Matsumura (kindly sent to me by Professor Matsumura, under the name of P. pseudocerasus, /3 spontanea). The species can be distinguished from P. pseudocerasus Lindley by the glabrous under side of the leaves, and from P. serrulata Lindley and P. Sargentii Rehder by the pubescent upper side of the leaves. As I do not know to which of these two species it could be referred as a variety, I consider it necessary to give it provisorily a specific name. From P. parvifolia Koehne it is distinguished by the quite different shape of the leaves. 51. Prunus parvifolia (Matsumura) Koehne, n. sp. Prunus pseudocerasus, var. parvifolia Matsumura in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XV. 101 (1901). Prunus pseudocerasus, var. iypica, subvar. parvifolia Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 182 (1909). P. jamarakura, a elegans, a parvifolia Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 186 (1911). Ramuli novelU glabri. Petioli 6-10(-13) mm. longi, dense villosi; glandulae plerumque 2 crassae petioli apici v. laminae basi insertae; lamina ovata v. rotun- dato-obovata v. obovata v. obovato-oblonga, 3-7.5 cm. longa, 1.5-4 cm. lata, acuminata, setaceo-serrata, supra pilis persistentibus conspersa, subtus glabra V. initio tantum tenere pilosa mox glabrata, nervorum paribus 7-10. Involucra pleraque sub anthesi decidua, paucissima persistentia circ. 1 cm. longa; pedunculus 4-10 mm. longus, glaber v. superne parce pilosus; florcs (l-)2-3 umbellati v. subumbellati, coaetanei foliis sirnul 3-4 cm. longis; bracteae 4-7 mm. longae, herbaceae; pedicelli 13-26 mm. longi, glabri v. hinc inde parcissime pilosi; cupula 5.5 mm. longae, obconico-tubulosa, glabra; sepala 4 mm. longa, integra, ciliata; petala rotundata, 13 mm. longa 11m. lata, bilobo-emarginata; stamina 32, petalis fere dimidio breviora; stylus glaber. Drupa globosa, 7 mm. diam.; putamen rotundatum, 6:6:4 mm., obsolete sulcatum. Japan: Sterile twig, F. von Siebold (in the Rijks-Herbarium, Leyden, as Cerasus donarium Siebold, mixed with a flowering twig of Prunus pseudocerasus virescens). Cultivated in the Botanic Garden of the Agricultural College of the Imperial University of Tokyo, April 1908, Koidzumi (kindly sent to me by Matsimiura as P. pseudocerasus parvifolia Matsumura and as P. pseudocerasus typica parvifolia Matsumura); from the same garden, a sterile twig, without date or collector; a sterile twig, June 22, 1901, Komaha. Matsumura gives as the Japanese name Jugatsu-sakura, i. e. October-Cherry; he also states that the plant flowers in October. It is therefore strange that the flowering branches communicated to me are dated April. The species is very different from P. pseudocerasus Lindley. It might possibly be placed with P. serrulata Lindley or with P. Sargentii Rehder, but it differs so much from both that I must consider it a distinct species. Prunus parvifolia, forma aomoriensis Koehne, n. forma. Lamina foliorum sub anthesi jam 3.5-5.5 cm. longa, subtus versus costae basin densiuscule pubescens ceterum glabra. Involucra sub anthesi fere omnia persis- tentia, ad 15 mm. longa; pedicelli densiuscule pilosi v. superne glabri; cupula 5.5-6 mm. longa; sepala margine glabra; petala 15 mm. longa, 10 mm. lata. Northern Nippon: Aomori, May 1898, U. Faurie (No. 2093). 52. Pnmus concinna Koehne. See p. 210. 53. Pnmus Twymaniana Koehne. See p. 211. 252 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Subsect. 9. CONRADINIA Koehne, n. subsect. 54. Prunus Conradinae Koehne. See p. 211, 55. Prunus Helenae Koehne. See p. 212. 56. Prunus saltuum Koehne. See p. 213. 57. Prunus pauciflora Bunge in Mem. £.tr. Acad. Set. St. Pstersbourg, II. 97 {Enum. PI. Chin. Bor.) (1835); verisimiliter etiam Matsumura in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XIV. 136 (1900). Chili: Peking, A. Tatarinow, E. Bretschneider; Zuiwey-shan, A. Bunge. Shan- tung: Chef u, Takagaki teste Matsumura. 58. Prunus Sprengerii Pampanmi in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. XVIII. 230 (1911). Rami floriferi cortice crasso (in sicco), glabri. FoUa ignota. Involucra circ. 10 mm. longa; flores 2-3, praecoces; pedicelU sub anthesi involucra subaequantes, circ. 7 mm. longi; cupula 6 mm. longa, extus sub lente minutim glanduloso(?)- pubescens ut sepala oblongo-rotimdata 4.5 mm. longa, 2.5 mm. lata, integra; petala suborbiculari-cuneata, 10 mm. longa, 9 mm. lata, integra nee emarginata, purpurascentia (ut videtur in sicco); stylus 11 mm. longus, e basi usque ultra medium dense et patenter hirsutus. Hupeh: Oupanchan, alt. above 600 m., March 14-23, 1910, C. Silvestri (No. 3028, 3028=^). 59. Prunus yedoensis Matsumura m Tokyo Bot. Mag. XV. 100 (1901). Stylo piloso sepaUsque argute serrulatis a Nr. 53-57, insuper pediceUis, cupula sepalisque dense pilosis a Nr. 54-56 differt. Generally cultivated in the gardens of Tokyo and said to have been introduced from the Island of Oshima, province Izu, as indicated by Matsumura. Subsect. 10. SERRULA Koehne, n. subsect. 60. Prunus majestica Koehne, n. sp. Prunus puddum Franchet, PI. Delavay. 197 (non Roxburgh apud Brandis), (1889) verisimile hue ducenda. Prunus cerasoides, var. tibetica Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. 1. 54 (pro parte), (1905). Arbor 3-10-metralis, glaberrima; ramuli juveniles viriduli, vetustiores cani, nigrescentes v. fusci, crassi; gemmae 1-2 mm. longae. Stipulae angustissime Hne- ares, 8-12 mm. longae, basi saepius pinnatifidae, glandulis marginalibus sessilibus V. longe fimbriato-stipitatis, magnis, oblongis; petioh 12-20 mm. longi, glandulas 2 apice gerentes; lamina e basi rotundata late elliptica v. inverse oblonga, foliorum minorum interdum ovata, (4-)8-12 cm. longa, (2.2-)3.2-4.8 cm. lata, breviua latiusque v. longius angusteque acuminata, breviter sed argute aequaliter, hinc inde subduplicato-serrulata, dentibus glandula parva capitata terminatis, nervis utrinsecus circiter 10-15, supra laete viridia, nitidula, subtus vix pallidiora, venarum reticulo tenero, membranacea. Involucra sub anthesi saepe magna ex parte de- cidua, 10-12 mm. longa; pedunculus 0-10 mm. longus; flores 1-3 umbellati, coae- tanei foUis simul 5.5-6 cm. longis; bracteae cuneato-rotundatae, circiter 3 mm. longae, apice glanduloso-fimbriato-serratae, glanduUs par vis oblongis, herbaceae, 8ub fructu persistentes v. deciduae; pedicelli 7-20 mm. longi, fructiferi ad 27 mm. * I have not seen this species, which Pampanini considers alUed to P. hirtipea Hemsley . On account of the not emarginate petals I have provisorily inserted it here. EOSACEAE. — PRUNUS 253 longi, inferne tenues, superne sensim subincrassati; cupula 9-10 mm. longa, crasse campanulato-tubulosa, saepe rubescens; sepala erecto-patula, triangular ia acuta, 4-5.5 mm. longa, Integra, saepe rubescentia; petala ovato-rotundata, 15 mm. longa 10 mm. lata, subapiculata v. vix emarginata, in alabastro purpurea, dein rosea (v. alba?); stamina 32-34, petalis tertia v. quarta parte breviora, ad 10 v. 12 mm. longa; pistillum 18-22 mm. longum; stylus stamina aequans, glaber. Drupa rotundato-ovalis, 12-15 mm. longa, 8.5-12 mm. diam., nigresccns, sapore injucundo (unpleasant); putamen rotundato-ovatum, 10-12:8-9:6-6.5 mm., obtussimum, valide sulcatum et reticulato-foveolatum, carina tumida obtusa. Yunnan: Mengtze, woods, alt. 1500-1600 m., A. Henry (Nos. 9411, 9411 A, 11469); Chu-yan, A. Henry (No. 9411 B). The plant cited by Franchet as P. puddum, from Yunnan, woods below the hill of Hia-lo-pin, towards the north, above Lan-kong, alt. 2500 m., J. M. Dclavay, very probably is P. majestica. 61. Prunus serrula Franchet, PI. Delavay. 196 (1889). Arbor excelsa; ramuli novelli tenere pubescentes, autumno glabri v. vix con- spicue pulverulenti, annotini cani v. fusci submicantes; gemmae 3-4 mm. longae, oblongo-conicae, acutissimae. Stipulae ignotae; petioli 7-14 mm. longi, glabri, purpurascentes; glandulae plerumque 3-5 laminae basi insidentes; lamina e basi rotundata lanceolata, 6-10 cm. longa, 18-25 mm. lata, longe acuminata, breviter dense argute duplicato-serrata, dentibus (majoribus quam in varietate) glandula parva oblonga v. subulata terminatis, supra mox glabra, subtus in nervorum axillis barbata et secus costam infra medium paullulum pilosa, nervis utrinsecus circiter 11-16, papyracea. Flores ignoti; pedunculi fructiferi 5-7 mm., pedicelli 15-17 mm. longi, glabri, inferne tenues, superne saepius sensim subincrassati. Drupa subanguste ovaUs, 12 mm. longa, 8 mm. lata, videtur rubra; putamen ova turn 11.5:7:5.5 mm. longum, obtusissimum, valide reticulato-costatum, carina com- planata. Yunnan: woods above Yen-tze-hay and Mo-so-yin, alt. 3300 m., July 17, 1889, J. M. Delavay (No. 3790); Franchet cites also: woods of Fang-yang-tschang above Mo-so-yin, alt. 3000 m., June 17, 1889, J. M. Delavay (No. 3773). A complete description of this species is given to facihtate the comparison of the type with the var. tibetica. Prunus serrula, var. tibetica (Batalin) Koehne. See p. 213. Subsect. 11. PUDDUM Koehne, n. subsect. 62. Prunus campanulata Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 103; in Mel. Biol. XI. 698 (1883); cf. Miyoshi in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXVIII. 33 t. 2 (1910). Prunus cerasoides Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 181 (pro parte, non D. Don) (1909). Fokien: C de Gnjs in Herb. Hance (No. 7046). Formosa: mountains, 600 m. alt., teste Miyoshi. Spontaneous perhaps in the Island of Osliima (Liu-kiu), teste Miyoshi. Cultivated in Japan teste Maximowicz. Very near to P. cerasoides D. Don. 63. Prunus Hosseusii Diels in Feddo, Rep. Nov. Sp. IV. 289 (1907). Siam; Doi Sutcp, Hosseus (No. 260). Perhaps to be united with P. cerasoides D. Don. 64. Prunus cerasoides D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 239 (1825). 254 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Prunus silvatica Roxburgh Hort. Beng. 92 (nomen nudum) (1814) ; Fl. Ind. II. 501 (1832). Cerasus Phoshia Hamilton ex D. Don apud Seringe in De Candolle, Prodr. II. 535 (1825). Cerasus Puddum Seringe in De Candolle, Prodr. II. 537 (1825) ^ — Roxburgh apud Wallich, PL As. rar. II., 37 t. 143 (1831). Prunus Puddum Roxburgh ms. apud Brandis, Forest Fl. Brit. Ind. 194 (1874). — Brandis, Indian Trees, 279, fig. 121 (1906). — Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. II. 314 (non Miquel, non Franchet) (1878). 65. Prunus rufa Steudel, Nomend. Bot. II. 404 (1841) — Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. II. 314 (pro parte) (1878). Cerasus rufa Wallich, Cat. No. 721 (nomen nudum) (1829). Eastern Himalaya: Sikkim. 66. Prunus trichantha Koehne, n. sp. Primus rufa Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. II. 314 (pro parte) (1878). Rami hornotini, saepe etiam annotini hirto-tomentosi, petioH circiter 10 mm. longi, glabri v. rufo-hirti, glandulae interdum 2, laminae basi insertae; lamina e basi acuminata oblongo-lanceolata v. lanceolata, 6.5-11.5 cm. longa 2.2-3.2 cm. lata, longe anguste acuminata, subtus in costa rufo-hirta ceterum sparsim strigosa V. subglabra, subtus in costa nervisque dense ceterum sparsim rufo-villosa. In- volucra videntur 1 cm. longa (rudimentum adest); pedunculus subnullus; flores 2 umbellati, coaetanei foUis simul 3-7 cm. longis; bracteae 10-12 mm. longae, argute glanduloso-serrulatae ; pedicelli 11-12 mm. longi, glabri, fructiferi incrassati; cupula 10-15 mm. longa, crasse tubulosa, dense subaccumbenti-rufo-hirta; sepala suberecta, ovato-triangularia, 4-5.5 mm. longa, parce v. frequentius glandulis marginata; petala ^ 8 mm. longa, 6 mm. lata, extus accumbenti-hirta; stamina circiter 45, majora ad 5 mm. longa; stylus glaber. Drupa ovalis, 11 mm. longa 8 mm. diam.; putamen ovale, 11:8 mm., obtusissimum, valide foveolatum. Eastern Himalaya: Sikkim, Tonghoo, alt. 3000 m., May 29, 1862, T. Ander- son (No. 466); Sikkim, temperate region, alt. 3000-4000 m., m Herb. Ind. Or. Hooker f. & Thomson, in part. P. rufa is readily distinguished from this species by glabrous flowers and pube- scent style as well as by the shorter and broader leaves. Subsect. 12. MICROCALYMMA Koehne, n. subsect. 67. Prunus Herincqiana Lavallee. See p. 214. Prunus Herincqiana, var. biloba (Franchet) Koehne, n. comb. Prunus biloba Franchet in Herb. Paris. RamuU novelli inde a basi hirti. Foliorum lamina e basi late cuneata v. subito contracta late elliptica, 4-7.3 cm. longa, 1.8-4 cm. lata, brevissime serrata, supra glabra. Sepala 2.7 mm. longa. Drupa 7 mm. longa, 6 mm. diam. (in sicco). China, P. Farges (No. 998). 1 Don's name is older than that of De Candolle, as the latter quotes the Prod- romus Florae Nepalenis. 2 I have seen but one petal, which was not in its place, but sticking to the outside of the calyx. I am therefore not certain whether this petal does not belong to another plant. ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 255 In the type the shoots are hirsute only toward the apex; the leaves are oblong or oblong-lanceolate, usually 6-9, or even to 14 cm. long and 2.5-4 (-5) cm. broad, pubescent on the midrib above and sometimes also on the lateral veins; the sepals are 3-4 mm. long; the fruit in the fresh state is 9 mm. in diameter. The petals of the type are two-lobed as in the variety. 68. Prunus subhirtella Miquel mAnn. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. II. 91 (1865), cmen- danda. — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. CXXII. t. 7508 (1896). — Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 173 (1909). — Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 115 (1908), etiam hue pertinere videtur. Prunus subhirtella, var. oblongifolia Miquel, I. c., quoad ramos floriferos (rami steriles foliati ad P. Buergerinnam Miquel e subgenere Pado pertinent). Prunus incisa Maximowncz in Bidl. Sci. Acad. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 99; in Mel. Biol. XI. 692 (non Thunbcrg) (1833); pro parte, saltem quoad synonymum P. subhirtella Miquel et e "corymbis praecocibus." Prunus pendula, var. ascendens Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. VII. 103 (1893), an hue pertinet? Prunus Herincquiana, var. ascendens Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 608 (1906). Prunus itosakra, i3 subhirtella Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. ISO (190S), est eadem quae P. subhirtella Makino. The examination of all the specimens in the Rijks-Herbarium at Leyden designated by Miquel himself as P. subhirtella has given the following result: there are four flowering and five leafy branches of the plant figured later by Hooker as P. sub- hirtella, one flowering and one leafy branch of P. Herincquiana Lavallee and four leafy branches of P. -pendula Maximowicz. The variety oblongifolia Miquel con- sists of six flowering branches of typical P. subhirtella and four leafy branches of P. Buergeriana Miquel. Therefore there can be no doubt that Miquel intended the name P. subhirtella for the same plant which later Hooker considered P. sub- hirtella, but that he added to his P. subhirtella by mistake wrongly determined branches of other species. I therefore think that the name P. subhirtella with the authority of Miquel can be retained for the species in question. Although Maximowicz refers P. subhirtella as a synonym to P. incisa Thunberg, no reason for this is apparent, as none of Miquel's specimens belongs to P. incisa. Japan : I have seen quite a number of specimens without locality or collector, also specimens collected by Siebold, Buerger and, as far as I could make it out, by Sahsnbro (Miquel gives Saksako as the Japanese name of the plant). Further- more specimens from Hondo, environs of Hirosaki, May 27, 1905, U. Faurie (No. 6700); Mt. Sliikosan, May 3. 1907, U. Faurie (No. 100). Prunus subhirtella, var. fukubana Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 118 (1908), ab autore dicitur forsan Prunus Itosakura, var. ascendens Makino X Prunus subhirtella Miquel. Prunus itosakra, y ascendens, subvar. amabilis Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 181 (1909) an eadem? Flores plus minus pleni, purpurascenti-rosei (Makino), v. plerumque pleni albo- rosei (Koidzumi). "Ovaries 1-2 in a flower" (Makino). In the Herbarium at Leyden I have seen a branch with double flowers belonging to P. subhirtella. It was originally labelled Cerasus itosakura flore semipleno, and then determined by Miquel as P. subhirtella. The number of petals was 13-14, about 11 mm. long and 7 mm. broad, the number of stamens 61 and of pistils 2. The style was glabrous; it is also in typical P. subhirtella sometimes nearly glabrous. Makino describes the style of his var. fukubana as "thinly pilose." 256 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 69. Primus pendula Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 98; in Mel. Biol. XI. 690 (1883), quoad diagnosin, sed exemplaribus pluribus authenticis ad species alias ducendis; cf. Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 174 (1909), ubi citantur icones. Prunus Itosakura Siebold in Verh. Batav. Genoot. XII. No. I. 68 (Syn. PL Oecon.) (nomen nudum) (1830). — Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 114 (1908). Cerasus pendula flore rosea Siebold, Cat. V. 31 (1863), teste Maximowicz. Cerasus pendula rosea Dombrain, Floral Mag. X. t. 536 (1871). Prunus subhirtella, var. pendula, Tanaka, Useful PL Jap. 153, fig. 620 (1895). Cerasus Itosakura Siebold in Herb., teste Maximowicz, I. c. Cerasus Hermcquiana Lavall6e, Icon. Arb. Segrez. 117 (1885), forsan pro parte (non tab. 35!). Prunus Miqueliana Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 609 (non Maximowicz) (1906). Prunus Herincqiana Schneider, 1. c. 608, quoad synonyma nonnuUa. Cerasus pendula Siebold in herb., teste Koehne, 1. c. Prunus cerasus pendula flore roseo Hort., teste Koehne, 1. c. Prunus itosakra, a pendula Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 180 (1909). Japan. I have seen only a few Japanese specimens without locality or collector and one specimen collected by Siebold, all in the Herbarium at Leyden and de- termined by Miquel erroneously as his P. subhirtella. 70. Prunus taiwaaiana Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXX. 87 (1911), Formosa. Not known to me. Hayata says; "somewhat like P. penduZa, but distinguishable by the smaller flowers with narrower and more deeply emarginate petals." 71. Prunus microlepis Koehne, n. sp. Rami annotini tenues (an penduh?), pallide fuscescenti-cani, glabri; gemmae circiter 3 mm. longae, anguste ovato-conicae, glabrae, solitariae v. ternae tunc media foliifera, laterales floriferae (ut in Microceraso). Folia sub anthesi 5-7 mm. longa; dentes sub lente vahda longiores quam latae, multae bifidae, omnea obtusae omnino eglandulosae, saepe incurvae; lamina supra pilis rigiduhs con- epersa, subtus nonnisi in nervis pilosa. Involucra parva, circiter 5 mm. longa; pedunculus 0-5 mm. longus; flores (l-)2 umbellati, praecoces; bracteae spathu- lato-rotundatae, circiter 3-4 mm. longae, glanduloso-fimbriato-serratae, herbaceae; pedicelli 10-16 mm. longi, glabri v. pilis paucis tenerrimis conspersi; cupula 5 mm. longa, campanulato-tubulosa, glabra v. subglabra; sepala ovata obtusa, 3.5 mm. longa, Integra; petala rotundata, 7 mm. longa 6 mm. lata, leviter emar- ginata; stamina 35, petaUs subbreviora, ad 5 mm. longa; stylus stamina paullo euperans, glaber. Hondo: prov. Senano, a. 1864, Tschonoski (Maximowicz, Iter II.), determined by Maximowicz as P. pendula, mixed with var. ternata. Differs from P. pendula Maximowicz by the obtuse serratures of the leaves, the shorter and broader sepals, the small petals, the more numerous stamens shghtly shorter than the petals and the glabrous style. Prunus microlepis, var. temata Koehne, n. var. Rami intense fusci; gemmae ternatim ramulos vix 3 mm. longos terminantes, media foliifera, laterales floriferae. Flores sohtarii; pedicelli 5-6 mm. longi; cupula 6 mm. ; sepala late ovata, hinc inde intus pilosa tenereque breviter ciliata, 2 mm. longa; petala 8 mm. longa 6 mm. lata; stamina 41, ad 6 mm. longa; stylus stamini- bus subbrevior. Hondo: Tschonoski (with the type, determined by Maximowicz as P. pendula). ROSACE AE. — PRUNUS 257 Subscct. 13. CERASEIDOS (Siebold & Zuccarini) Koehne, n. subsect. Ceraseidos Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Miinch. III. 743 t. 5 (1843), sensu ampliato. Ser. 1. Phyllopodium, n. ser. 72. Prunus setiilosa Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. XII. 165 (1892); in Gartenfl. XLII. 330 (1892). Eastern Kansu: near the monastery of Dshoni, May 31, 1885; in the high pass between Minping and Wuping, July 3, 1885, G. N. Potanin (not seen). 73. Prunus phyllopoda Koehne, n. sp. Rami tenues, annotini pilorum residuis hirtuli, pallide fuscescentes, vetustiorea glabri, fusci. Folia juvenilia: stipulae anguste lineares, parvae, parce glanduloso- fimbriatae; petioli 2-8 mm. longi, hirsuti; glandulae saepe 2-4 laminae basi inser- tae, stipitatae; lamina e basi rotundata late ovata, circ. 3 cm. longa 2 cm. lata, subacuminata, inciso-duplicato-serrata, dentibus latis, cuspidatis, glandula nulla V. parum conspicua terminatis, utrinque densiuscule hirsuta, nervis utrinsccua circiter 7, subtus vix pallidior. Involucra circiter 5 mm. longa; pedunculus ad 15 mm. longus, villosus; flores 1-2 umbellati, coaetanei; bracteae 2-4, infimis sterilibus, euphyllis consimiles, infimis breviter petiolatis ad 20 mm. longis, superiori- bus 13-6 mm. longis; pedicelli 10 mm. longi, tenere villosi; cupula 6.5 mm. longa, 3.5 mm. diam., suburceolata-tubulosa, dense villosa; sepala suberecta, anguste oblongo-triangularia acuta, 3.5 mm. longa, Integra, ciUata, utrinque laxe villosa; petala obovata, 5 mm. longa 4 mm. lata, haiid emarginata, leviter eroso-crenulata; stamina 32, petalis paullo breviora, ad 3.5 mm. longa; pistillum 9 mm. longum; stylus staminibus subbrevior, usque ad duas tertias partes dense lanato-villosus. Drupa ignota. Northern Shensi: Ken-y-shan (Lao-y-shan), May 2, 1899, G. Giraldi. 74. Prunus canescens Bois. See p. 215. 75. Prunus Veitchii Koehne, n. sp. Frutex 0.6-2-metralis; rami annotini cani, glabri, vestustiores fusci v. cinereo- fusci. Folia juvenilia sub anthesi tantum nota; lamina ad 22 mm. longa, 8 mm. lata, longe acuminata, inciso-serrata dentibus bifidis acuminatis eglandulosis, supra glabra, subtus praesertim in nervis pilis accumbentibus rigidulis obsita. Involucra 8-10 mm. longa; pedunculus nullus; flores 1-3 umbellati, subpraecoces; bracteae subexsertae, euphyllis consimiles, subpetiolatae; pedicelli 8-13 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 8-10 mm. longa, e basi acuta tubulosa v. leviter obconica, glabra; sepala patentia, ovata v. oblonga, acuta, 4.5-5 mm. longa, Integra, glabra; petala ovata, 10 mm. longa, 7 mm. lata, emarginata; stamina 37, petahs subaequilonga, ad 9 mm. longa; stylus stamina aequans v. 3 mm. longior, glaber. Western Hupeh: Chang-yang, woods, alt. 2000 m., April 4, 1900, E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 66). The correct place of this species in the genus is not at all certain. 'NMien com- pletely known, it may be necessary to transfer it to another group. Ser. 2. Droserina, n. sect. 76. Prunus Giraldiana Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. I. 65 (1905). Northern Shensi: Quen-tou-shan, May 5, 1898, G. Giraldi (No. 3789). 77. Prunus droseracea Koehne. See p. 215. 258 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Ser. 3. OxTODON, n. ser. 78. Prunus trichostoma Koehne. See p. 216. 79. Prunus latidentata Koehne. See p. 217. 80. Prunus micromeloides Koehne. See p. 218. 81. Prunus oxyodonta Koehne. See p. 218. 82. Prunus glyptocarya Koehne. See p. 219. 83. Prunus podadenia Koehne, n. sp. Frutex 2.3 m. altus ; rami hornotini laxe hirti v. superne subglabri, fusci, vetustiores glabri, cano-fuscescentes; gemmae 2 mm. longae. Stipulae lanceolatae, basi saepe hinc pinnatifidae, 5-8 mm. longae, glanduloso-fimbriatae, pleraeque persistentes; petioli 8-15 mm. longi, superne breviuscule hirti v. glabri; glandulae 1-2, petioli apice V. laminae basi insertae, stipitatae, 0.5-1 mm. longae; lamina e basi acuta V. rotundata ovato-oblonga, oblonga v. inverse oblonga, 5-8.5 cm. longa, 2.5-4 cm. lata, caudata, inciso-duplicato-serrata, dentibus plerisque latioribus quam longis, acutissimis v. argute acuminatis, glandula punctiformi terminatis, supra pilis rigidulis conspersa, subtus in costa ner\dsque densiuscule cetermn laxe breviter hirta, nervis utrinsecus 10-16, laete viridis, subtus parum pallidior, papyracea. Flores ignoti. Pedunculus fructifer 8-12 mm. longus, basi hirtus; bracteae 3, rotundatae v. obovato-rotundatae circ. 4 mm. longae, glanduloso-fimbriatae glan- dulis ovatis, herbaceae, persistentes; pedicelU fructiferi 1-2 umbellati v. racemosi, 17-24 mm. longi, glabri, sm-sum sensim incrassati. Drupa globoso-ovalis, circiter 10 mm. longa, in sicco paUida; putamen ovale, 7.5:5.5:4 mm., valide subreti- culato-costatum, carina plena. Western China: mountains, alt. 3000 m., July 1903 E. H. Wilson (Veitch Exped. No. 3525^). This species seems very near to P. ghjptocarya Koehne, but it has shorter hairs on the under side of the leaves, persistent bracts and ovoid fruits and stones. 84. Prunus lobulata Koehne. See p. 220. 85. Prunus stipulacea Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XL 689 (1883). Kansu: Tangut Region, A''. M. Prewalski (Nos. 19, 187, 338, and some specimens without number). 86. Prunus pleuroptera Koehne. See p. 221. 87. Prunus Zappeyana Koehne. See p. 221. Prunus Zappeyana? var. subsimplex Koehne. See p. 222. 88. Prunus incisa Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 202 '(1784); sed vix Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XI. 692 (1883); cf. supra No. 66. Prunus sub- hirtella Miquel. Cerasus incisa Loiseleur, Nouveau Duhamel, V. 33 (1812). Ceraseidos apetala Miquel in Ann. Mxis. Lugd.-Bat. II. 93 (1865), pro parte, nempe quoad synonymum Prunus incisa Thimberg. Japan. I have seen a specimen from Thunberg in the Rijks-Herbarium, Leyden (determined by Miquel erroneously as Ceraseidos apetala), and specimens from Sie- hold (determined also as Ceraseidos apetala). Without locaUty, J. J. Rein; summit of Mount Komagatake, collector not indicated; Ohyama, Sagami, May 18, 1900, J. Matsumura (kindly sent to me under the name of P. incisa) . Hondo: Swagisan, prov. Idzu, June 12, 1883, J. Matsumura (sent to me as P. incisa); Fusi-San, June 10, 1898, U. Faurie (No. 2099); Daisen, May 28, 1899, U. Faurie (No. 3160). EOS ACE AE . — PRUNUS 259 Ser. 4. EucERASEiDos, n. ser. 89. Prunus caudata Franchet, PI. Delavmj. 196 (1889). Yunnan: woods near the hill of Yen-tze-hay, above Lan-kong, May 24, 1887, M. J. Delavay (No. 2G58). 90. Prunus iwagiensis Koehne, n. sp. Rami annotini glabri. Stipulae angustissime lineares, ad 6 mm. longae, margine glandulosae; petioli circa 6 mm. longi, glabri, glandulas 1-2 apice gerente.s; lamina e basi rotundata suborbicularia v. obovata, ad 2.5 cm. longa (sub anthesi), caudata, inciso-duplicato-serrata, dentibus primariis manifesto longioribus quam latis, medio saepe subdilatatis, secundariis subangustis, obtusiusculis subcuspidatis, glandula capitata terminatis, supra sparsim pilosa, subtus in nervis venisque validioribus parce v. uberius hirta. Involucra 6-9 mm. longa; pedunculus nullus; flores 1-2 umbellati, coaetanei; bracteae interdum subexsertae, herbaceae; pedi- celU 11-15 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 5-6 mm. longa, subanguste turbinata, glabra; sepala erecto-patula, ovata acuminata, 4-5 mm. longa, Integra v. subintegra, glabra; petala rotundata, 10 mm. longa 9 mm. lata, vix emarginata; stamina 32-35, petalis dimidio breviora, ad 5.5 mm. longa; stylus glaber. Hondo: woods of Iwagi, May 13, 1905, U. Faurie (No. 6699). Prunus iwagiensis differs from all the Japanese species of the group Euceraseidos in the turbinate cupula, and from most of them also in the rather large petals. 91. Prunus nipponica Matsumura in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XV. 99 (1901). Prunus Miqueliana Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 184 (non Maxl- mowicz) (1909). Prunus Ceraseidos Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XXIX. 103; in Mel Biol. XI. 698 (pro parte) (1883). Prunus apetala, typica Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. I. 608 (1906), hue pertinere videtiu-. Japan: Nikko, June 12, 1901, Matsumura (sent to me as P. Miqueliana); Nikko, Simotsuke, June 12, 1901, Yabe (sent to me as "P. Miqueliana = P. nip- ponica"); Nikko, Konseitoge, July 22, 1883, Matsimiura (sent as P. Miqueliana); Owatesan, Rikuchu, June 26, 1907, Nakahara; province Echigo, August 1905, H. Shirasawa (sent as P. Miqueliana); woods of Takayu, June 24, 1904, U. Faurie (No. 6052); Fusi-San, 1864, Tschonoski (as P. ceraseidos, var. glabrata Maximowicz; other specimens from Tschonoski belong to the very different P. Tschonoskii Koehne); Ontake, 3000 m. alt., July 1875, J. J. Rein. This species differs from all other species of the group Ceraseidos in the bifid petals; they are 10-11 mm. long, 4-5 mm. broad; the very narrow incision is 3 mm. deep and the two lobes are acute. 92. Prunus autximnaUs Koehne, n. sp. Prunus subhirtella, var. autumnalis Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 117 (1908) ex descriptione eadem videtur quae species mea, sed flores dicuntur plus minus pleni rosei. Rami annotini glabri, tenues, ochraceo-fuscescentes v. cani; gemmae 3-4 mm. longae, nitidae. Stipulae mihi ignotae; petioli circa 9 mm. longi, dense hirti, glan- dulas 2 vaUdas gerentes; lamina e basi late cuneata ovato-oblonga, oblonga v. oblongo-lanceolata, 3.4-5.7 cm. longa, 1.2-2.3 cm. lata, sensim acuminata, inciso- duplicato-serrata, dentibus vix acuminalis, glandula capitata terminatis, supra pilis conspersa, subtus in nervis densiuscule ceterum spar.sim pilosa, nervis utrin- eecus 7-8. Involucra 4 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata; pedunculus nullus; bracteae in- 260 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA clusae, raro subexsertae, oblongae, 5 mm. longae, serrulatae, herbaceae; flores 1-2 umbellati, autumno florentes; pedicelli 4-7 mm. longi, parcissime pilosi; cupula 4 mm. longa, tubuloso-campanulata, glabra v. parcissime pilosa; sepala oblonga acutiuscula, 3.5 mm. longa, minutim dense serrulata; petala anguste ovata, 9 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata, vix emarginata; stamina 29, petalis multo breviora, ad 3 mm. longa; stylus staminibus 2-3 mm. longior, glaber (" thinly pilose," Makino). Drupa ignota. Hondo: Yedo, autumno, Wichura (No. 11476). Belongs according to the leaves to sect. Euceraseidos, though it much resembles in the shape of the cupula and the sepals P. pendula Maximowicz. 93. Prunus kurilensis Miyabe apud Takeda in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIV. 11 (1910). P. ceraseidos, var. kurilensis Miyabe, in Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. IV. 226 (Fl. Kurile I si.) (1890). P. incisa, var. kurilensis Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXIII. 184 (1909). I have seen no specimen of this species. In the Berlin Botanic Garden a plant is cultivated received from Sapporo aus P. kurilensis which has not yet flowered. It exhibits the following characters: Rami hornotini autumno glabri, hinc pallidi, hinc purpureo-fusci, vetustiores nigrescenti-fusci; gemmae 1.5-2 mm. longae, rotundatae v. ovatae. Stipulae circa 3-4 mm. longae, ovatae vel oblongae, glanduloso-serratae, pro parte persistentes; petioli 5-14 mm. longi, breviter patentim villosi; glandulae saepe 1-2, petioli apici vel laminae basi insertae; lamina e basi acuta vel rotundata rotundato-ovata v. latius angustiusve obovata, 4-7.5 cm. longa, 2.4-4.2 cm. lata, lobulato-dupli- cato-serrata, lobulis latioribus quam longis vel sublongioribus quam latis, dentibus subacuminatis, glandula capitata terminatis, supra sparsim strigosa vel glabrata, subtus in costa, vix in nervis hirsuta v. glabrata, supra laete viridis, subtus paullo pallidior. The leaves resemble strongly those of P. nipponica Maximowicz. The Berlin plant differs from the original description in the narrower leaves, which are described by Miyabe as orbicular to obovate, 7-8 cm. long and 5.2-6 cm. broad. 94. Prunus nikkoensis Koehne, n. sp. Rami annotini pallide cani, nigro-punctulati, glabri, vetustiores nigro-fusci. Folia valde juvenilia tantum nota: glandulae 1-2 petioli apici insertae; lamina ovata, 1.5-2 cm. longa, caudata, profunde inciso-duplicato-serrata, dentibus duplo longioribus quam latis, obtusiusculis subcuspidatis, glandula capitata terminatis, supra undique, subtus in nervis pilis longis albis plus minus dense obtecta. In- volucra 7-9 mm. longa, 5-9 mm. lata, erecto-patula; pedunculus nullus; flores 2-4 umbellati, praecoces v. subpraecoces; bracteae inclusae; pedicelli 6-13 mm. longi, glabri; cupula 5-6 mm. longa, subanguste campanulato-tubulosa v. leviter obconica, glabra; sepala ovata v. ovato-oblonga, subacuminata, 2-3.5 mm. longa, Integra, glabra; petala ovata v. obovata, 6.5-7 mm. longa, 4 mm. lata, emarginata sinu triangulari-patente; stamina 31-34, petalis breviora, ad 3.6-4 mm. longa; stylus staminibus 2.5-4 mm. longior, glaber. Drupa ignota. Japan: without date and locality, H. Shirasawa (sent to me as P. pseudocerasus spontanea); Nikko", May 7, 1898, U. Faurie (No. 2096, determined by Shirai as P. ceraseidos, var. glabrata Maximowicz). This species is very distinct from P. pseudocerasus Lindley in the precocious flowers and in the quite different serratures of the leaves and their glands. It ia also readily distinguished from " P. ceraseidos glabrata Maximowicz " (which is prob- ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 261 ably P. nipponica Matsumura) by the only slightly emarginate and much smaller petals. 95. Prunus Miqueliana Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pctersbourg, XI. 692 (non Schneider) (1883). Japan: Nippon, province Senano, a. 1864, Tschonoski. (Maximowicz cites "in silvis subalpinis Nippon, Nikko.") There are no indications in the Rijks-Herbarium at Leyden that P. incisa Miqucl belongs here in part, as Maximowicz believed. Prunus Miqueliana is apparently very near P. Tschonoskii, but differs in the very slight pubescence of the calyx and of the much shorter pedicels, in the shorter cupula and more numerous (34) stamens. 96. Prunus Tschonoskii Koehne, n. sp. Prunus ceraseidos Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Peter shourg, XXIX. 103; in M61. Biol. XI. 698 (pro parte) (1883). Prunus apetala, var. iwozana Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 608 (1906) hue forsan pertinet. Rami hornotini dense hirti, demum saepe glabri, annotini glabri, pallide cani, dein cinerei v. nigricantes; gemmae vix 1.5 mm. longae, glabrae. Stipulae 3-7 mm. longae, lineares, pectinato-pinnatifidae ; petioU 2-8 mm. longi, dense hirsuti, glandulis 1-2 petioli apici v. laminae basi insertis; lamina versus basin obtusam sensim angustata, obovata v. obovato-oblonga, 3.5-10 cm. longa, 1.5-5 cm. lata, caudata, simpUciter ac hinc inde subduplicato-inciso-crenata, dentibus obtusis cuspidatis, glandula capitata terminatis, supra pilis longiuscuhs accumbentibus obsita, subtus dense longiuscule villosa v. inter nervos glabrior, nervis utrin- secus 6-10. Involucra circa 1 cm. longa; pedunculus 2-11 mm. longus; flores 1-3 umbellati, coaetanei foliis simul 3-5.5 cm. longis; bracteae 3-5 mm. longae; pedicelli 22-35 mm. longi, dense v. densiuscule villosiuscuh; cupula 10-12 mm. longa, crasse tubulosa, dense pubescenti-villosiuscula; sepala ovata acuta, 3-4 mm. longa, argute serrulata, extus pilosa; petala rotundata, 7-8 mm. longa, emarginata; stamina circa 25, petalis dimidio breviora, ad 3.5 mm. longa; stylus basi parce villosus. Drupa globosa, 9 mm. diam., nigra (ut videtur); putamen ovatum, 6.3:4.5:4 mm., obsoletissime sulcatum. Japan: Nippon, province Senano, a. 1864, Tschonoski (as "P. ceraseidos Maxi- mowicz;" other specimens belong to P. nipponica); Niohosan, Nikko, June 14, 1901, Yabe; Sanjusan, Nikko, April 12, 1901, Yabe; Nakimusi-Sando, Nikko, June 13, 1901, Yabe (the specimens by Yabe were sent to me as P. apetala). 97. Pninus apetala (Siebold & Zuccarini) Franchet & Savatier, Enum. PI. Jap. II. 329 (1879), (non Zabel, cf. P. Maximowiczii, No. 9). Ceraseidos ' apetala Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Munch. III. 743. t. 5 (1843). Prunus ceraseidos Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. PStersbourg, XXIX, 103; in Mel. Biol. XI. 698 (pro parte) (1883). As this species is usually confused with others I add here a description drawn from the type specimen in the llijks-IIerbarium at Lej'den. Ramuli noveUi glabri, annotini pallide cano-ocliracei, vetustiores fuscescenti- cani ; stipulae 3.5-10 mm. longae, saepe basi pectinato-pinnatifidae, glanduloso- fimbriatae; petioli ad 4 mm. longi (sub anthesi), dense villosi, saepiua 1-2 glandu- losi; lamina obovato-oblonga v. inverse oblonga, 2.8-5.8 cm. longa, 1.5-2.5 cm. » Schneider quotes Cerasaidos apetala and Prunus ccrasaidos. 262 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA lata, caudata, lobulato-duplicato-crenata, dentibus sat angustis, obtusis cuspidatis, glandula capitata terminatis, supra accumbenti-villosa, subtus in nervis densissime, inter nervos laxius longe hirtovillosa, nervis utrinsecus 8-10. Involucrum circa 6 mm. longum; pedunculus nullus; flores 1-2 umbellati, coaetanei foliis simul ad 4 cm. longis; bractea semiexserta; pedicelli 12-22 mm. longi, laxe hirto-villosi; cupula 8 mm. longa, crasse tubulosa, in nervis parce pUosa, purpurea; sepala ovata, 4.5-4.5 mm. longa, minutissime parce serrulata, extus parce pilosa, intense purpurea; petala nulla!; stamina 26, ad 4 mm. longa; stylus staminibus 5 mm. longior, basi pilis longis paucissimis obsitus. Japan: In the Herbarium at Leyden are two sheets, on both P. apetala is mixed with P. incisa Thunberg; the labels can not be referred with certainty to either of the two species. A foliiferous branch kindly sent me by Matsumura as P. apetala seems to belong here: Ramus glaber, fuscus; gemmae 4 mm. longae, glabrae. Petioli 6-13 mm. longi; lamina obovata ad obovato-oblonga, 4-8.5 cm. longa, 2-4 cm. lata, dentibus pri- mariis pro parte ad 7 mm. longis, supra pilis conspersa, subtus in costa nervisque hirto-villosa ceterum glabra v. subglabra, nervis utrinsecus 5-7. Cetera ut in specimine anthentico. Hokkaido: July 1906, H. Shirasawa. The species is really apetalous; but the calyx and sepals are colored intensely purple. It was not respresented in any of the other collections I have consulted. Ser. 5. Amblyodon, n. ser. 98. Prunus gracilifolia Koehne. See p. 223. 99. Prunus Rossiana Koehne. See p. 223. Grex II. MICROCERASUS (Spach, Roemer) Koehne, n. divis. Cerasus sect. Microcerasus Spach, Hist. Veg. I. 423 (1834); in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, XIX. 125 (sensu ampl.) (1843). Microcerasus Webb, Phytogr. Canar. II. 19 (sensu ampl.) (1836-40) — Roemer, Syn. PI. III. 5, 93 (emend.) (1847). Sect. 1. SPIRAEOPSIS Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 306 (1893), sed excludenda "Prunus Simonii Carriere" et "P. triflora Roxburgh?" Subsect. 1. MYRICOCERASUS Koehne, n. subsect. 100. Prunus pumila Linnaeus. Eastern North America. 101. Prunus Besseyi Bailey. Eastern North America. Subsect. 2. SPIRAEOCERASUS Koehne, n. subsect. 102. P. dictyoneura Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXXVI, Beibl. 82, 57 (1905). Shensi: Tai-pei-shan, 1910, Wm.Purdom (No. 2); Yenan Fu, 1910, Wm.Pur- dom (No. 344). Also collected in northern Shensi by G. Giraldi: Khin-lin-shan, May to June, 1894, (No. 1696); Mt. Caa-cun, July 30, 1892 (No. 1134); San- juen-shen, July 1893 (No. 1135); Po-uo-li, southwest of Tshin-z-shien (No. 5195). 103. Prunus hunulis Bimge in Mem. £tr. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, II. 97 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor.) (1833). — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. CXX. t. 7335 (1894). — Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVIII. 181, fig. 3 (1909). ROSACEAE. — PRUNUS 2G3 Prunus salicina Lindley in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. VII. 239 (1830), an forte hue pertinet ? P. Bungei Walpers, Rep. II. 9 (non Moris) (1893). China, Peking, A. Bunge; Skatschkow; Po-hua-shan, a. 1877, E. Bretschneider. — Mandshuria, purchased at R. 11. Station, Harbin, August 1903, C. -x with two rotundate and three triangular lobes. Rhododendron ramosissimum Franchet, to which this new species is also closely related, differs in its foliage and short style. All the members of this group are very similar in general appearance and difficult to distinguish. The color, however, of the under surface of the leaves, due to the presence of lepidote glands, apparently affords a useful character for separating the species. The roundish leaves, rufous-brown below, and the mem- branous calyx distinguish this new species from its allies. Rhododendron nitidulum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 0.60-1.30 m. altus, ramosissimus ramis gracilibus erectis V. adscendentibus ; ramuli hornotini dense fusco-lepidoti; gemmae ovoideae, perulis paucis rotundatis in medio dorsi lepidotis ceterum minutissime puberulis ciliolatis. Folia coriacea, ovalia v. ovata, rarius elliptico-ovata, obtusa et mucronulata v. interdum acutiuscula, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, 7-12 mm. longa et 5-7 mm. lata, supra atroviridia squamuhs fere contiguis flavidis nitidulis obtecta, subtus pallide cinereo-fulva dense squamulis pallide fulvis fere contiguis nitidulis obtecta, costa media utrinque fere obsoleta, nervis secun- dariis obscuris. Flores solitarii v. rarius bini e gemma terminali orti, subsessiles, perulis persistentibus suffulti; calyx membranaceus, lepi- dotus, profunde 5-lobus, lobis plerumque subaequalibus, ovatis v. oblongo-ovatis, circiter 2 mm. longis, plerumque acutiusculis, apice sparse cihati, extus lepidoti; corolla infundibuliformis, violaceo- purpurea, 2.5 cm. diam., tubo circiter 5 mm. longo intus ad faucem villoso, lobis patentibus ovalibus obovatis rotundatis circiter 1 cm. longis et 5-7 mm. latis; stamina 8-10, corollam fere aequantia, fila- mcntis gracilibus 8-10 mm. longis in triente inferiore basi dilatata 510 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA excepta villosis, antheris ochraceis; ovarium conicum, circiter 2 mm. longum, dense lepidotum; stylus purpurascens, stamina superans, glaber, 1.5 cm. longus, stigmate capitato saepe lobato. Capsula matura desideratur. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, uplands, alt. 3300-4000 m., June 1908 (No. 3458). Very closely allied to Rhododendron polycladum Franchet, which differs chiefly in its narrower elliptic-oblong leaves narrowed at both ends and in the darker brown scales on their under side. The specific name refers to the conspicuous glistening gland-like center of the scales on both sides of the leaves. Rhododendron nitidulum, var. nubigenum Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Frutex 10-35 cm. altus, ramosissimus ramis erectis v. adscenden- tibus brevibus; ramuli hornotini dense f usco-lepidoti ; gemmae ovoideae, obtusae, perulis paucis, inferioribus mucronatis, in medio dorsi dense lepidotis ceterum minutissime puberulis purpurascentibus margine albo-ciliolatis. Folia coriacea, in apice ramulorum congesta, aro- matica, ovalia, obtusa v. acutiuscula, basi late cuneata, 4-8 mm. longa et 3-5 mm. lata, supra atroviridia, dense glandulis flavidis nitidulis conspersa, subtus densissime lepidota squamulis flavido-fuscis, costa supra leviter impressa subtus obsoleta, nervis secundariis evanidis; petioli dense fusco-lepidoti, 1-2 mm. longi. Flores solitarii v. bini e gemma terminal! orti, subsessiles; calyx variabilis, plerumque coloratus, membranaceus, profunde 5-lobus, lobis ovatis 2-4 mm. longis saepe inaequalibus dorso sparse lepidotis margine ciliatis; corolla infundibuliformis, roseo-lilacina, extus glabra, circiter 2 cm. diam., tubo 4-5 mm. longo intus ad faucem dense villoso, lobis ovatis v. obovatis rotundatis 8-10 mm. longis et circiter 5 mm. latis, stamina 10, corollam subaequantia, filamentis 10-12 mm. longis infra medium villosis basi complanatis et glabris, antheris ochraceis; ovarium conicum 2 mm. longum, dense lepidotum; stylus circiter 12 mm. longus, stamina superans, purpureus, glaber, stigmate capi- tato atropurpureo. Capsula ovoidea, 5 mm. longa, obtusa, lepidota, 5-valvata. Western Szech'uan: vicinity of Tachien-lu, moorlands, alt. 4300-5000 m., July 1908 (No. 3461, type); same locality, 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3935). This variety differs from the type chiefly in its lower habit, smaller leaves, darker brown beneath and larger, usually colored, calyx. It is the most alpine of all the Rhododendrons known from the neighborhood of Tachien-lu. ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 511 Rhododendron violaceum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 0.3-1.3 m. altus, ramosissimus, saepe fastigatus ramis erectis; ramuli annotini dense f usco-lepidoti ; gemmae ovoideae, ob- tusae, pallide brunneae, perulis paucis rotundatis mucronulatis in medio dorsi lepidotis ceterum minutissime puberulis ciliolatis. Folia coriacea, ovalia v. oblonga, obtusa, rarius acutiuscula, basi late cuneata, margine leviter revoluta, 5-12 mm. longa et 3-5 mm. lata, supra atroviridia, dense lepidota, subtus dense lepidota squamulis flavescentibus v. pallide fuscis contiguis fuscis v. atrofuscis inter- mixtis, costa media supra leviter impressa subtus leviter elevata, nervis secundariis evanidis; petioli dense lepidoti, 2-3 mm. longi. Flores 1-3, e gemma terminali orti, subsessiles; perulae plerumque deciduae; calyx cupularis, 5-partitus, lobis inaequalibus ovatis v. rotundatis 0.5-2 mm. longis extus lepidotis apice ciliatis in margine laterali lepidotis saepe scariosis; corolla infundibuliformis, violaceo- purpurea, circiter 2 cm. diam., extus glabra, 5-loba, tubo 4-5 mm. longo, intus ad faucem villoso, lobis patentibus ovalibus v. obovatis rotundatis 7-9 mm. longis; stamina 10, corollam subaequantia, filamentis 9-12 mm. longis, in triente inferiore ima basi dilatata ex- cepta villosis, antheris pallida fuscis; ovarium conicum, 1.5-2 mm. longum, dense lepidotum; stylus stamina superans, 10-12 mm. longus, glaber, purpureus, stigmate capitato atropurpureo. Capsula ovoidea, circiter 5 mm. longa, lepidota, usque ad basin in 5 valvas fissa. Western Szech'uan: west of Kuan Hsien, Pan-lan-shan, moor- lands, alt. 4100-4500 m., June 24, 1908 (Nos. 3463, type, 3460) ; same locality, October 1910 (No. 4269). This species is related to R. polycladum Franchet, which is readily distinf!;uished by its thinner leaves tapering to the ends and uniformly colored with rufous-brown, lepidote not contiguous scales on the under surface, more numerous flowers (3-5) and different calyx. In the type specimens the flowers are all solitary and the bud-scales early de- ciduous; in No. 3460 the flowers are frequently in clusters of twos and threes with persistent bud-scales. Rhododendron Websterianum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 0.30-1 m. altus, ramosissimus, fastigatus, ramis erectis v. suberectis; ramuli hornotini, cinereo- v. rufescenti-lepidoti, vetus- tiores sordide cinerei; gemmae ovoideae, perulis paucis rotundatis in medio dorsi lepidotis sparse ciliatis. Folia coriacea, congesta, ovata V. elliptica, rarius elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, basi plerumque late cuneata, margine leviter revoluta, 6-15 mm. longa et 3-9 mm. 512 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA lata, supra atroviridia squamulis albidis dense obtecta, subtus albido- cinerea, squamulis pallidis congestis obtecta, costa media supra leviter impressa subtus leviter elevata, nervis secundariis obscuris; petioli dense fusceseenti-lepidoti, 2-3 mm. longi. Flores plerumque solitarii, rarius 2 v. 3 e gemme terminali orti; pedicelli circiter 2 mm. longi, lepidoti, perulis occultati; calyx magnitudini variabili, mem- branaceus, plerumque purpurascens, interdum flavo-virens, pro- funde 5-lobus, lobis plerumque subaequalibus ovatis v. rotundatis 2-5 mm. longis et 1.5-3 mm. latis apice rotundatis plerumque sparse ciliatis in media dorsi lepidotis; corolla infundibuliformis, roseo- purpurea, 2.5-3 cm. diam., tubo 6-7 nrni. longo intus ad faucem villoso, lobis late ovatis v. suborbicularibus 10-12 mm. longis et circiter 10 mm. latis; stamina 10, subaequalia, corolla pauUo breviora, filamentis 12.15 mm. longis complanatis in triente inferiore ima basi excepta villosis, antheris fulvis; ovarium conicum, 2 mm. longum, dense lepidotum squamulis viridi-cinereis; stylus stamina superans, 1.3-1.5 cm. longus, rubescens, glaber v. sparse lepidotus, interdum infra medium sparse pilosus, stigmate capitato atropurpureo. Cap- sula ovoidea, 4-5 mm. longa, calyce persistente circumdata, dense lepidota, 5-valvata; semina ovalia, circiter 1 mm. longa, fere exalata. Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, moorlands, alt. 3300-4300 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1225, type); north of Tachien-lu, Ta- p'ao-shan, alt. 4100-4900 m., July 7, 1908 (No. 3462). Closely related to Rhododendron polifolium Franchet, which differs chiefly in its narrower, generally oblong leaves and smaller calyx, which does not exceed 2 mm. in length. From the preceding species of this group it is easily distin- guished by the uniformly grayish white color of the densely lepidote under side of the leaves. We take much pleasure in naming this species for Mr. Frank G. Webster of Boston, as a slight mark of appreciation of his constant generosity to the Arnold Arboretum and of his invaluable help in the arrangement of its Chinese expeditions. Group d. Flowers like those of the preceding group, but yellow. Leaves somewhat larger with scattered scales beneath, more densely lepidote above. Rhododendron flavidum Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 395 (1895). — Hemsley in Bot. Mag. CXXXVI. t. 8326 (1910). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 117. — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 1045, fig. 614 c-d (1912). Rhododendron primulinum Hemsley in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLVII. 4, 229, fig. 101 (1910). EKICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 513 Western Szech'uan: north of Tachien-lu, moorlands, alt. 3600- 4000 m., July 7, 1908 and September 1908 (No. 1202; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers pale yellow); without precise locality, alt. 3G00-4300 m., June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3932 and seed No. 1773). Common in alpine regions around Tachien-lu. The flowers vary from pale primrose-yellow to clear yellow ; the calyx varies in size, and the degree of pubes- cence on the style and stamens is also variable. Rhododendron flavidum, var. psilostylum Rehder & Wilson, n. var. A typo recedit foliis latioribus obscure viridibus saepius ovalibus, calyce minore, corolla extus sparsissime lepidota, stylo glabro, cap- sula minore, 5-6 mm. longo. Western Szech'uan: west of Kuan Hsien, summit of Niu-tou- shan, on rocks exposed to sun, alt. 3300 m., June 20, 1908 (No. 3452). This variety differs from the type in its duller green leaves, lepidote flowers smaller calyx, glabrous style, smaller and more globose fruit. Notwithstanding these marked differences we cannot consider it other than as a variety of R. flavi- dum Franchet. Group e. Stamens exceeding the corolla; flowers small, white, on slender pedicels in many- flowered, dense racemes. Leaves acute, 2-3 cm. long, glabrous or nearly so above, sparingly lepidote beneath. Rhododendron micranthum Turczaninow in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1837, No. VII. 155. — De Candolle, Prodr. VII. 727 (1838). — Turc- zaninow, Fl. Baical. Dahur. II. Pt. 2, 208 (1856). — Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, ser. 7, XVI. No. IX. 18, t. 4, fig. 1- 10 (1870). — Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, VI. 77 {PI. David. I. 197) (1883). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 27 (1889). — Chipp in Bot. Mag. CXXIV. t. 8198 (1908). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 475, fig. 316 g. (1909). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 117. — Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 683 (1910). Rhododendron Rosthornii Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 509 (1900). Rhododendron Pritzelianum Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 510 (1900). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, cliffs, alt. 1600-2000 m., June and November 1907 (No. 660; bush 1.5-2 m. tall, flowers white) ; without locality. May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1526); Mt. Triora, September 1907, C. Silvestri (No. 1703). Western Szech'uan : west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2000-2600 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1200; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers white); same locality, 514 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA cliffs, alt. 3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4262; bush 1-1.5 m. tall); Lifan Ting, thickets, alt. 2500 m., November 1908 (No. 1320; bush 2.5 m. tall); Tsaku-lao-ch'u-shin-kou, A. von Rosthorn (No. 2556); without precise locality, A . von Rosthorn (Nos. 2 147, 2 146, 2545, 2 162) . S h e 11 s i : Tai-pei-shan, 1910, W. Purdom (No. 2); Thui-kio-san, October 1897 and Si-ku-tzui-stan, 1895, G. Giraldi; various localities, Hugh Scallan. Chili: Weichang, 1909, W. Purdom (Nos. 50, 55). This pretty and well-marked species although it has a remarkably wide dis- tribution exhibits very little variation. With the number of specimens before us we cannot separate R. Rosthornii Diels and R. Pritzelianum Diels as distinct species or even as varieties. The slight differences in size of calyx-teeth and in color of anthers are of no value. Specimens from northern Chili show these same slight variations. Rhododendron longistylum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 0.5-2 m. altus ramis gracilibus; ramuli hornotini sparsissime lepidoti, apicem versus puberuli, annotini flavido-fusci v. pallide pur- pureo-fusci, vetustiores cinerascentes; gemmae ovoideae, perulis apice obtusiusculis v. rotundatis mucronatis extus minute puberulis sparse lepidotis ciliolatis. Folia coriacea, oblanceolata v. oblongo- lanceolata, rarius elliptico-oblongis, acuta v. brevissime acuminata, basi cuneata, 2.5-6 cm. longa et 1-2 cm. lata, supra luteo-viridia, nitidula, leviter rugulosa, sparsissime lepidota v. glabra, subtus palli- diora, sparse lepidota, costa media supra impressa subtus elevata, nervis utrinsecus 6-10 supra leviter impressis indistinctis subtus obso- letis; petioh 2-4 mm. longi, puberuli, interdum fere glabri, sparsissime lepidoti. Flores 10-20 v. plures, umbellato-racemosi, rhachi circiter 1 cm. longa; pediceUi 8-15 mm. longi, sparse glanduloso-lepidoti; calyx membranaceus, sparsissime lepidotus, lobis 5 interdum spar- sissime longe ciliatis ovalibus circiter 2 mm. longis (in specimine fructifero ad 5 mm. longis et oblongis); corolla (paucae defloratae tantum visae) infundibuliformis, 1.3-1.5 longa ac lata, glabra, lobis 5 ovalibus 6-8 mm. longis obtusis; stamina 6-10, exserta, filamentis 1.5-2 cm. longis infra medium villosis, antheris ovoideis ochraceis; ovarium ovoideum, lepidotum; stylus valde exsertus, 2.5-3 cm. longus, graciUs, glaber, stigmate discoideo lobato. Capsula conica, 8-9 mm. longa et 5 mm. diam., apice truncata, lepidota, calyce per- sistente suffulta; semina flavida, oblonga, 1-1.5 mm. longa, utrinque breviter alata. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2300 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1204, type) ; same locahty, ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 515 November 1908 (No. 1329); Shih-ch'uan Hsien, on cliffs in full sun, alt. 1000-1300 m., August 1910 (No. 4726). A pretty species allied to R. micranthum Turczaninow, which has rather diflerent, much more lepidote foliage, smaller, differently shaped flowers, a very small calyx, a pistil not exceeding the stamens in length and slender, elongate capsules. Our material is in ripe fruit with a few old flowers. The great length of the pistil is most remarkable. This new species occurs on scrub-clad rocky slopes where it is fully exposed to the sun. Sect. 3. Rhodorastrum Maxim. Flowers from terminal and axillary buds usually crowded at the end of the branches; corolla mostly funnelform, pink or yellow; style and stamens exserted. Leaves sparingly lepidote, or glabrous above, 2-8 cm. long. Rhododendron Davidsonianum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp.^ Frutex 1-3-metralis; ramuli sparse lepidoti, saepe initio glauces- centes; gemmae ovoideae, acutiusculae, perulis ovatis obtusis v. apiculatis ciliatis dorso lepidotis. Folia chartacea v. tenuiter coriacea, elliptica v. oblonga, rarius lanceolata, acuta, rarius breviter acumi- nata, apiculata, basi cuneata, 2.5-6 cm. longa et 1-2 cm. lata, margine leviter recurvata, supra laete viridia, nitentia, sparsissime lepidota, subtus glaucescentia squamulis fulvescentibus nitidulis non contiguis dense conspersa, nervis indistinctis, costa media supra leviter im- pressa interdum puberula subtus elevata; petioli glabri, circiter 5 mm. longi. Flores in umbellis 1-3 terminalibus et axillaribus in apice ramulorura congestis plurifloris, bracteis caducis; pedicelli sparse v. sparsissime lepidoti, 1-1.5 cm. longi; calyx minutus, lobis rotundatis lepidotis saepe sparse ciliatis; corolla campanulato-in- fundibuliformis, 2.5-3 cm. longa ac lata, rosea, glabra, ad medium 5-loba, tubo circiter 1.5 longo e basi sensim ampliato intus glabro, lobis ovato-ellipticis circiter 1.5 longis et 8-10 mm. latis rotundatis; stamina paullo exserta, filamentis filiformibus ad basim villosis et complanatis, antheris oblongis circiter 2.5 mm. longis ochraceis; stylus stamina superans, 2.8-3.5 cm. longus, glabcr, stigmate applanato purpureo; ovarium 4-5 mm. longum, dense Icpidotum, basi et apice pilosum. Capsula cylindrica, 10-12 mm. longa, 3-4 mm. lata, sul- cata, sparse lepidota; semina flavo-brunnea, ovoidea, acuta, circiter 1 cm. longa. ^ Named for Dr. W. Henry Davidson, of the Friends Foreign Mission, at Chengtu Fu, western Szech'uan, in grateful recognition of the important services which he rendered to me after my serious accident in the early autumn of 1910. E. H.W. 516 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Western Szech'uan: south-east of Taehien-lu, thickets, alt. 2000-2500 m., May and October 1908 (No. 1275, type); same locality, margins of woods, alt. 2300 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1274); same locality, thickets and woodlands, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (Nos. 4280, 4239); vicinity of Tachien-lu, on cliffs, alt. 2300- 3000 m., September and October 1908 (Nos. 1223, 1276) ; same locahty, alt. 2100-3300 m., July 1903 and 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 3947, 3950 and seed No. 1535); Ching-chi Hsien, Ta-hsiang-ling, thickets, alt. 2000-2500 m.. May and October 1908 (No. 1352); Ching-chi Hsien, Fei-yueh-ling, thickets, alt. 2000-2600 m., May 25, 1908 (No. 3426). This species is closely allied to R. chartophyllum Franchet, which differs chiefly in its oblong or narrowly lanceolate leaves, very sparsely lepidote below, longer pedicels and larger flowers. We hesitated in making this a distinct species until, through the courtesy of the Director of the Royal Gardens at Kew, we received a specimen of Franchet's species from a cultivated plant. Our new species is also growing at Kew, where the two plants look decidedly different. Hemsley & Wilson (in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 115) refer Nos. 3947 and 3950 to R. rigidum Franchet and R. siderophyllum Franchet, respectively. The specimens in this herbarium under those numbers have certainly nothing to do with these species. Rhododendron Davidsonianum is a very common plant in exposed sunny situa- tions in the vicinity of Tachien-lu and we suspect the specimens collected in that neighborhood by SouHe and referred by Franchet (Jour, de Bot. 1895, 398) to R. chartophyllum Franchet belong here. The species ia very floriferous, the mass of flowers almost hiding the small, neat foliage. No. 3426 has leaves up to 8 cm. long and the shoots appear very vigorous. Rhododendron racemosum Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France XXXIII. 235 (1886). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 28 (1889). — Watson in Garden, XLII. 320, t. (1892). — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. CXIX. t. 7301 (1893). — Bean in Flora & Sylva, III. 165 (1905). — Rehnelt in Gartenfl. LVII. 561, fig. 67, t. 1577, fig. 1 (1908). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 120.— Forest in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XL VII. 343, fig. 147 (1910). Rhododendron racemosum, var. rigidum Rehnelt in Gartenfl. LVII. 561, fig. 68, t. 1577, fig. 3-4 (1908). Western Szech'uan: Ching-chi Hsien, Ta-hsiang-ling, thickets, alt. 2000-2600 m.. May 16, 1908 (No. 3428; bush 2 m. tall, flowers pale rosy-pink). This plant is very rare in Szech'uan, but is abundant in north-western Yunnan. Rhododendron lutescens Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 235 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s^r. 2, X. 52 {PL ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 517 David. II. 90) (1888). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull Misc. Inform. (1910) 114. Rhododendron costulatum Franchct in Jour, de Bat. IX. 309 (1895). Western Szech'uan : Mupin, thickets, alt. 2000-2600 m., October 1908 (No. 1 195, in part; bush 2 m. tall); Ching-chi Hsien, Ta-hsiang- ling, thickets, alt. 2000-2600 m., October 1908 (No. 1195, in part; bush 1.5 m. tall); Ching-chi Hsien, Ta-hsiang-ling, alt. 1600-2000 m., May and November 1908 (No. 1197"; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers yellow); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2000-2600 m,, July and September 1908 (No. 1199; bush 1-2 m. tall); Wa-shan, wood- lands, alt. 2000 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1345; bush 2.5-3 m. tall, flowers yellow); south-east of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2000- 2600 m., October 1910 (No. 4277; bush 2.5-4 m. tall); without pre- cise locality, alt. 2600-3000 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. 3939); without locality, A. Henry (No. 8862). This species is very common in thickets and margins of woods fully exposed to the sun, and is one of the earhest of all the Rhododendrons to open its flowers. It varies considerably in the size and texture of the leaves, and in the number of the flowers and stamens. With the material before us we cannot maintain Franchet's R. costulatum as a distinct species or even as a variety. The leaves are always long-acuminate; the inflorescence is normally lateral and one-flowered, but occa- sionally two or more flowers develop in each fascicle. Sect. 4. Lepidota Maxim. Flowers from terminal buds; corolla campanulate or funnelform, rather large, 3-4 cm. diam.; smaller in R. Hanceanum. Leaves sparingly lepidote, sometimes hairy, 2-7 cm. long, rarely only 1 cm. long. Group a. Leaves only lepidote. Flowers yellow. Rhododendron Hanceanum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 24 (1889). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 115. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, cliffs and thickets, alt. 2600-3000 m., June and September 1908 (Nos. 3413, 882; bush 1 m. tall, flowers clear yellow); Ching-chi Hsien, rocky places, alt. 2800-3000 m., September 15, 1908 (No. 882'*; bush 1 m. tall, forming thickets); Mupin, alt. 2600-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4255; bush 30-90 cm. tall). 518 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA This species is locally very common, forming dense dwarf thickets. The leaves vary from obovate to lanceolate or lanceolate-ovate, from shining to dull green above, and are densely or sparsely lepidote. Rhododendron ambiguum Hemsley in Bot. Mag. CXXXVII. t. 8400 (1911). — Schneider, III. Haridb. Lauhholzk. II. 1043, fig. 615 a-c (1912). Western Szech'uan: south-east of Tachien-lu, on rocks in woods, alt. 3000-3300 m., June and October 1908 (Nos. 1324, 1324% 1324''; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers yellow) ; Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2600-3000 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1324^=; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers yellow) ; south-east of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 3000-3300 m., June and October 1908 (Nos. 1330, 1330''; bush 1-2.5 m. tall, flowers yellow); Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2600-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4240; bush 1-3 m. tall); Mt. Omei, thickets, alt. 2300-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4252; bush 2.5-4 m. tall); Mupin, thickets, alt. 2300-2800 m., October 1910 (No. 4265; bush 2-3 m. tall); without precise locahty, alt. 2600-3300 m.. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3943); Mt. Omei, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5144) ; near Tachien-lu, alt. 3000-4500 m., A. S. Pratt (No. 848). The undescribed fruit of this species is cylindrical, 1-1.5 cm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, furrowed, often slightly curved, lepidote. This yellow flowered species is very abundant in thickets and rocky, exposed places throughout the regions mentioned above. Apart from the color of the flowers there is very little to distinguish it from R. yanthinum Bureau & Franchet, which has, however, leaves usually more brownish below and slightly more slender fruits. Hemsley & Wilson {Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 115) refer Pratt's No. 848 to R. concinnum Hemsley, but the flowers are obviously yellow in color. Group b. Leaves only lepidote. Flowers purple. Rhododendron yanthinum Bureau & Franchet in Jour, de Bot. V. 94 (1891). Rhododendron Benthamianum Hemsley in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1907, 319; in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLVII. 4 (1910). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 115. Rhododendron concinnum Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 115 (non Hemsley). Rhododendron atroviride Dunn in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXXIX. 484 (1911). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, alt. 2000-2300 m., June and Oc- tober 1908 (No. 1 196; bush 1-2.5 m. tall, flowers purple); same lo- cality, thickets, alt. 1600-2500 m. (No. 3447; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 519 purple); north of Tachicn-lu, Ta-p'ao-shan, alt. 2600-3600 m., July 9, 1908 (No. 1196''; bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers purple); south-east of Tachien-lu, woodlands, alt. 3000-3300 m., September 1908 (No. 1201; bush 1-2 m. tall); near Tachien-lu, alt. 3000 m., June 1908 (No. 341 1; bush 1-4 m. tall, flowers dark purple); same locality, woods, alt. 2600-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4236; bush 1.5-3 m. tall); without precise locality, alt. 2600-3000 m., May and October 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3942 and seed Nos. 1766, 1879). Western Hupeh : Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1600-2300 m.. May 27, 1907 (No. 3456; bush 1- 2 m. tall, flowers white to rosy-purple) ; Changyang Hsien, cliffs, alt. 1600 m., April 1907 (No. 3456'^; bush 2 m. tall); without precise lo- cality. May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1969). Shensi : \vithout precise locality, 1910, W. Purclom (No. 1). This is a very common species in the margins of woods and thickets throughout western Szech'uan. It is comparatively rare in Hupeh where it shows a slight vari- ation from the typical form, the leaves being rather thinner and usually longer. In No. 1196" the corolla is slightly pubescent on the outer surface. Ilemsley & Wilson reduced this species to R. concinnwn Hemsley, which has, however, a dif- ferent shaped corolla and usually hairy style. We think it best to keep the two as distinct species, though their relationship ia very close. Much confusion has already arisen in regard to this species, as the synonyms show. In the fruiting stage it is very difficult to distinguish it from R. amhiguum Hemsley which has, however, usually stouter capsules and leaves more glaucescent below. Rhododendron yanthinum, var. lepidanthum Rehder & Wilson, n. var. A typo recedit corolla extus sparse basim versus densius albido- villosa et flavo-lepidota atropurpurea, calyce densissime flavo-lepidoto. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2500 m. July 1908 (No. 3419, type); west of Kuan Hsien, Pan- lan-shan, margins of woods, alt. 2600-3000 m., October 1910 (Nos. 4041, 4241, in part). This variety is distinguished from the type by the markedly villose outer surface of the corolla and by the deeper colored, handsomer flowers. We at first thought this a distinct species until we found amongst the typical R. yanthinum Franchet a Bpecimen having the corolla very s]>arsely pubescent on the outer surface. This variety is local but fairly common throughout the regions mentioned above. Rhododendron bracteatum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1-2-metralis; ramuli graciles, hornotini purpurei, sparse lepidoti, annotini brunnei, vetustiores fusco-cinerei v. flavido-cinerei; gemmae floriferae globoso-ovoideae, perulis paucis rotundatis mucro- 520 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA nulatis minute puberulis sparse lepidotis ciliolatis. Folia tenuiter coriacea, in apice ramulorum congesta, oblonga, apice obtusa, mucrone incrassato instructa, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, supra atroviridia, initio sparsissime lepidota, demum glabra, leviter rugulosa, subtus pallidiora, lepidibus fulvis nitidis conspersa nigrescentibus interspersa, costa media supra impressa subtus elevata, nervis secundariis obso- letis; petioli purpurascentes, 8-14 mm. longi, lepidoti, in parte in- feriore ramulorum folia ad bracteas lineares v. spathulato-lineares 6-15 mm. longas per plures annos persistentes reducta. Flores 3-6 V. plures, subumbellati ; pedicelli graciles, 1.8-2.5 cm. longi, sparsissime lepidoti; bracteae cito caducae; calyx cupularis, parvus, lobis inaequa- libus rotundatis 1-2 mm. longis margine sparse lepidotis; corolla late campanulata, 2-2.5 cm. longa et 2.5-3 cm. lata, alba, rubro-macu- lata, extus sparsissime lepidota, tubo intus villoso, lobis ovalibus obtusis 1-1.2 cm. longis; stamina 10, inaequalia, longiora corolla paullo breviora, filamentis complanatis infra medium villosis, antheris ochraceis; ovarium cylindricum, 4 mm. longum, dense lepidotum; stylus basi sparsissime villosus, 1 cm. longus, staminibus longioribus paullo brevior, apicem versus sensim incrassatus, stigmate truncate leviter lobato. Capsula cylindrica, saepe leviter curvata, 1-1.5 cm. longa, sulcata, dense lepidota, valvis 5; semina luteo-brunnea, 1.5-2 mm. longa, utrinque acuta, exalata. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 3300 m., July 1908 (No. 3421, type); Mupin, cliffs, alt. 2600-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4253). This pretty species seems most closely related to R. yanthinum Franchet, but it can at once be distinguished from this and all allied species by the persistent bracts which take the place of leaves on the lower part of the young branches. Rhododendron apiculatum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1.5 m. altus, ramis gracilibus, ramulis hornotinis glabris. Folia coriacea, ovalia, subito breviter acuminata, basi truncata v. subcordata, 3-5 cm. longa et 2-3.2 cm. lata, supra laete viridia, glabra, subtus pallidiora, brunneo-lepidota, costa media supra vix impressa subtus elevata, nervis utrinsecus 8-10 supra leviter elevatis subtus obsoletis; petioli 6-8 mm. longi, sparse lepidoti. Flores 2-3, subumbel- lati; pedicelli 7-10 mm. longi, sparsissime lepidota; calyx cupularis, lobis inaequalibus triangularibus v. rotundatis vix 1 mm. longis lepi- dotis; corolla infundibuliformi-campanulata, atropurpurea, 3-3.5 cm. longa et 3.5-3.8 cm. diam., tubo basi fere cylindrico circiter 1.5 cm. ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 521 longo subito in limbum patentem ampliato extus glabro intus sparse villoso, lobis late ovatis obtusis 1.3-1.5 cm. longis; stamina 10, in- aequalia, longiora corollam aequantia v. ea paullo breviora, filamentis complanatis infra medium sparse villosis, antheris ochraceis; ovarium conicum, circiter 5 mm. longum, dense lepidotum; stylus leviter curvatus, glaber, 3 cm. longus, corollam paullo superans, stigmate paullo incrassato leviter lobato atropurpureo. Capsula desideratur. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, thickets and margins of woods, alt. 2500-3000 m., July 1908 (No. 3422). This species is allied to R. yanthinum Bureau & Franchet which has verruculose branchlets, leaves lepidote on both surfaces and a rather differently shaped corolla sparsely lepidote on the outer surface. Rhododendron polylepis Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 232 (1886); in Noiw. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 50 (PI. David. II. 88) (1887). — Hemsley & Wilson Kew Bull Misc. Inform. 1910, 115. Rhododendron Harrovianum Hemsley in Gard. Chron. XLVII. 4 (1910); in Bot. Mag. CXXXVI. t. 8309 (1910). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 1043, fig. 615 h-i (1912). Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, cliffs, alt. 2500 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1205; bush 2-2.5 m. tall, flowers purple); Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 3000 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1207"; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers purple); Wa-shan, wood- lands, alt. 2300-2600 m., October 1908 (No. 1221; bush 2.5 m. tall); same locality. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3949 and seed No. 1857); Mupin, thickets, alt. 2500-2600 m., June and November 1908 (Nos. 122 1'', 1221''; bush 2-4 m. tall, flowers purple); same locality, alt. 2000-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4278; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers purple); near Mao-chou, Chiu-ting-shan, cliffs, alt. 2500-3000 m., May 23, 1908 (No. 3420; bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers dark purple); Ching-chi Hsien, Ta^hsiang-ling, thickets, alt. 2300 m.. May 1908 (No. 3450; bush 1.5-3 m. tall, flowers purple); Ching-chi Hsien, Fei- yueh-ling, thickets, alt. 2600 m. (No. 3451; bush 1.5-3 m. tall, flowers purple). Yunnan: Tse-kou, valley of upper Mekong, Pere T. Mon- heig (No. 6). This is an exceedingly common species, varying considerably in the color of flowers, length of the stamens and size of the leaves. We cannot find a single character by which to separate R. Harrovianum Hemsley from it. Monbeig's No. 6 has unusually large flowers with included stamens and possibly represents a distinct variety. Our material, however, is insufficient to decide this. 522 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Rhododendron concinnum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 21 (1889). Rhododendron coomhmse Hemsley in Bot. Mag. CXXXV. t. 8280 (1909).— Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 1044, fig. 614 f-g (1912). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2000-2500 m., June 1909 (No. 3446; bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers lavender-purple); same locality, alt. 1600-2300 m., June and October 1908 (No. 3448; bush 2.5 m. tall, flowers purple). The undescribed fruit of this species is cylindrical, 1-1.5 cm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, often curved, furrowed and lepidote. In the description and figure of R. coombense Hemsley no mention is made of the corolla being lepidote; this is the only difference we can find between the two plants. Rhododendron Searsiae Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2.5-5 m. altus, ramis gracilibus; ramuli hornotini initio dense fulvo-lepidoti, demum fusci et verruculosi, annotini cinereo-fusci, vetustiores flavido-cinerei v. cinerei; gemmae florales ovatae, perulis rotundatis mucronatis minutissime puberulis sparse lepidotis cili- olatis. Folia tenuiter coriacea, oblanceolata v. oblongo-lanceolata, rarius elliptico-oblonga, acuminata, basi attenuata, margine leviter revoluta, 4-8 cm. longa et 1.2-2.5 cm. lata, supra atroviridia, initio sparse lepidota, demum glabra, nitidula, subtus glaucescentia, squa- mulis brunneis conspersa, costa media supra valde impressa subtus elevato, nervis utrinsecus 8-10 supra leviter impressis subtus leviter elevatis v. utrinque obsoletis; petioli supra canaliculati, 5-8 mm. longi, verruculosi, pallidi v. purpurascentes. Flores 4-8, fere umbellati; pediceUi 10-12 mm. longi, flavescenti-lepidoti ; bracteae caducae, oblongo-lanceolatae, lepidotae; calyx cupularis, variabilis, lepidotus, 5-lobus, plerumque lobis 3 minutis, 2 elongatis membranaceis oblongo- ovatis obtusis longe setoso-ciliatis 4-5 mm. longis; corolla infundibuli- formi-campanulata, 2.5-3 cm. longa et 3-4 cm. diam., alba v. pallide purpurea, tubo glabro 10-12 mm. longo, lobis erecto-patentibus ovatis apice rotundatis 18-20 mm. longis; stamina 10, longiora corollam fere aequantia, filamentis dilatatis infra medium villosis basi glabris, antheris pallide brunneis; ovarium elongato-conicum, circiter 5 mm. longum, dense squamulis viridi-flavescentibus obtectum; stylus pur- pureus, stamina paullo superans, stigmate capitato atropurpureo. Capsula cylindrica, 10-14 mm. longa, lepidota, 5-valvata; semina brunnea, nitida, minute striata, irregulariter oblonga, exalata, 1.5-2 mm. longa. ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 523 Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2300-2800 m., June and November 1908 (No. 1343, type); same locality, alt. 2G00-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 3449)- This species is most closely related to R. polylepis Franchet which has leaves fulvous-brown below, a different calyx, anthers shortly exserted and smaller fruit. It is also closely related to R. concinnum Hemsley which has shorter, oblong-oval leaves, the corolla lepidote on the outer surface and pubescent within and slenderer capsules. To Sarah Choate Sears, artist, lover and successful cultivator of flowers, this species is dedicated. Group c. Leaves hairy or glabrous with the petioles setose. Rhododendron Amesiae Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2-4-metralis, ramosus; ramuli hornotini et annotini dense v. interdum sparse verruculosi, annotini plerumque flavido-brunnei, vetus- tiores flavido-cinerei ; gemmae oblongo-ovoideae, acutiusculae, perulis paucis ovatis obtusis mucronatis ciliolatis. Folia coriacea, elliptica v. elliptico-oblonga, acuta, calloso-mucronata, basi rotundata, 4-8 cm. longa et 2-3.5 cm. lata, supra obscure viridia, lepidota et ad costam mediam leviter elevatam v. vix impressam breviter villosa, subtus pallidiora dense v. densissime lepidota et ferruginea, nervis utrinsecus 6-8 supra leviter elevatis interdum sparse villosulis subtus obsoletis; petioli, 5-7 mm. longi, canaliculati, lepidoti, supra setoso-pilosi. Flores terminales, 2-3, subumbellati; pedicelli lepidoti, 1-1.5 cm. longi; calyx cupularis, lepidotus, interdum sparsi villosulus, dentibus trian- gularibus v. rotundatis circiter 1 mm. longis longe ciliatis; corolla infundibuliformis, 3.5-4 cm. longa et 4.5-5 cm, diam., atropupurea, extus sparse lepidota, tubo basi fere cylindrico intus circa medium villosulo, lobis 5 ovatis obtusis 1.5-2.5 cm. longis; stamina 10, inaequa- lia, longiora corollam fere aequantia, filamentis compressis infra medium villosis basis excepta, antheris ochraceis ovoideis; ovarium conicum, 4-5 mm. longum, dense lepidotum, basi et apice albido- pilosum; stylus gracilis, curvatus, 3.5 cm. longus, apicem versus sensim incrassatus, stigmate vix capitato leviter lobato. Capsula conica, 1.5-1.8 cm. longa et 6 mm. diam., sulcata, dense lepidota; semina ellipsoidea, utrinque acuta, circiter 2 mm. longa, exalata. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woods, alt. 2300-3000 m., June 1908 and October 1910 (Nos. 3444, type, 4233). The setose petioles and the corolla glabrous on the outer surface suflSce to distinguish this new species from its near aUies R. Searsiae Rehder &. Wilson and 524 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA R. villosum Hemsley & Wilson. It is also closely related to R. Augustinii Hemsley, which has narrower leaves with midribs densely villose below, unbearded petioles, smaller, more numerous, very sparingly lepidote flowers and villose shoots and leaves. This new species is rather local in its distribution; its handsome rich purple-red flowers make it one of the most beautiful plants in this section. This species is named for Mary Shreve Ames of North Easton, Massachusetts, a generous friend of the Arnold Arboretum and of its Chinese explorations. Rhododendron Augustinii Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 19 (1889). — Bean in Flora & Sylva, III. 162, t. (1905). — Mottet in Rev. Hort. 1909, 18, fig. 16. — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, lU.—Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LII. 4, fig. 3 (1912). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, margins of woods, thickets and cliffs, alt. 1300-2300 m., May and November 1907 (No. 6o8; shrub 1.5-6 m. tall, flowers rose-pink to deep lavender- purple); Fang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1600-2000 m.. May 1907 (No. 3457; shrub 1-2 m. tall, flowers lilac-purple); Changyang Hsien, mountains, alt. 2300 m., May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 302). Western Szech'uan: Chiu-ting-shan, near Mao-chou, alt. 2000 m., May and October 1908 (No. 1207; shrub 1-3 m. tall, flowers light rosy-purple); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, alt. 2000-3000 m., October and November 1908 (Nos. 1197, 1237; shrub 2-5 m. tall); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2000-2600 m., October 1910 (No. 4238; shrub 2-2.5 m. tall). z , This is an exceedingly common species in Hupeh, delighting in rocky situations fully exposed to the sun. The flowers vary very much in color, but the species is always easily recognizable. No. 3457 from Fang Hsien is more glabrous than the type, the Szech'uan specimens have slightly longer (1.5-2.5 cm.) and often sparsely pilose capsules. The fascicles are usually terminal and 3-flowered ; in vigorous shoots, however, often six flowers occur in the fascicle and lateral fascicles also develop. Rhododendron villosum Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 119. — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 1045 (1912). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 1600-2800 m., June and November 1908 (Nos. 1220, 1220'*; shrub 1.5-6 m. tall, flowers light purple); same locality, woodlands, alt. 2300-2800 m., October 1910 (No. 4242; bush 2-2.5 m. tall); Wa-shan, woods, alt. 2600-3150 m., June and November 1908 (No. 1342; bush 4-6 m. tall, flowers dark red-purple); south-east of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2600-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 3445; bush 2-4 m. tall, flowers purple) ; without precise locality, May and July 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 3944, type, 3945, 3946 and seed No. 1862). ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 525 A very common species, especially in woodlands where it often forms dense thick- ets; the flowers are very variable in color. Rhododendron moupinense Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 233 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s6r. 2, X. 52, t. 12 (PL David. 11. 90, t. 12) (1887). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 115. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, epiphytic on trees, alt. 2000-2600 m., September 1908 (No. 879, in part; shrub 0.65-1 m. tall); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, upon rocks, alt. 2000-2800 m., July 1908 (No. 879, in part; bush 0.60-1 m. tall); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, cliffs, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4256; bush 0.60- 1.25 m. tall, flowers white); Mt. Omei, alt. 2000 m., October 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3937). This species is usually found growing upon evergreen oaks and other broad- leaved trees. Rhododendron dendrocharis Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France XXXIII. 233 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s^r. 2, X. 51, t. 13' (PI. David. II. 89, t. 13») (1887). Western Szechu'an: Mupin, forests, alt. 2600-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 3471; epiphytic, shrub 35-70 cm. tall; flowers bright rosy- red) ; without precise locality, alt. 2800 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3938). This species is usually epiphytic on Abies and Tsuga. Subgen. II. EURHODODENDRON Maxim. Leaves not lepidote, quite glabrous or tomentose beneath, persistent. Ovary glabrous, glandular or woolly, never lepidote, often more than 5-celled, stamens 10-20; flowers always from a terminal bud. We have retained for this subgenus, for lack of another name, the name Eurho- dodendron in the sense of Maximowicz, though unfortunately it does not include the type of the genus, which is R. ferrugineum Linnaeus and also R. hirsntum Linnaeus. De Candolle, who first used Eurhododendron, includ(>s them, but Maxi- mowicz, who divided De Candolle's section, referred the typical species to his new section Osmothamnus and left the remainder in Eurhododendron. The colloquial name in central and western China of the species of this group is " Yeh-pi-pa"; in Chinese books they are referred to as " Shan-pi-pa." Group a. Leaves covered below with a close and compact tomentum. Rhododendron argyrophyllum Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 231 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 48 {PL 526 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA David. II. 86) (1887). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 111. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2100-2500 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1210; bush 5-6 m. tall, flowers pale pink); Mupin, thickets, alt. 2300-2800 m., October 1910 (No. 4276; bush 2.5-5 m. tall); without exact locahty, alt. 2300-2800 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3962); Mt. Omei, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5137). This is one of the commonest species in western Szech'uan and shows much vari- ation. The numerous forms before us are most puzzling, the differences between the extremes being greater than those separating many species. There is, however, a general look about them which strongly points to their belonging to one variable species. Since most of these forms are in cultivation a better classification may perhaps be made later. The above numbers agree in having the shoots sparsely covered with a gray tomentum, and in having the corolla much narrowed at the base (infundibuliform- campanulate) as described by Franchet when founding the species; they also agree in their very short stamens. Nos. 1210 and 5137 differ from the type in the glabrous filaments. No. 1210 has a large membranous anomalous-looking calyx; the lobes being very unequal in size (from 3 to 12 mm.) and frequently laciniate. The presence of this calyx suggests relationship with R. neriiflorum Franchet. In No. 5137 the tomentum of the ovary is rufous instead of white. The undescribed fruit of this species is narrowly cylindric, 2-3 cm. long, 6-8 mm. wide, straight or slightly curved, furrowed, tipped by remains of style, sparsely puberulous; seeds fusiform, about 3 mm. long, yellowish-brown. Rhododendron argyrophyllum, var. cupulare Rehder & Wilson, n. var. A typo recedit ramulis glabris, foliis basi saepius subrotundatis, corolla late campanulata basi non angustata, staminibis plerumque corollam aequantibus, stylo exserto. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 2000-2500 m., June 1908 (No. 3442, type; bush 1.5-3 m. tall, flowers pink); same locahty, woodlands, alt. 3000 ft., October 1910 (No. 4275^; bush 4 m. tall); south-east of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2600-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 3441; bush 1-4 m. tall, flowers blush-white); west of Kuan Hsien, Pan-lan-shan, woodlands, alt. 2300-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4275; bush 2-4 m. tall); without precise locality, alt. 2600-2800 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3963; bush 1-8 m. tall). In No. 3442, the leaves are cuneate at the base, but in the other numbers they are usually rounded. No. 3441 has the corolla somewhat approaching the type in shape, the stamens and pistil are also nearly intermediate in length between those of the type and the variety. In No. 3963 some of the flowers have a well-de- veloped membranous calyx with triangular-ovate, acute or rounded teeth, some of ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 527 which are irregularly notched. This variety differs from the type chiefly in its glabrous branchlets, smaller leaves inclined to be rounded at the base and in the broad campanulate or cup-shaped corolla; it is similar to R. hypoglaucum Hemsley but differs in its ovary being densely covered with white hairs. Rhododendron argyrophyllum, var. omeiense Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Frutex 2-metralis; ramuli graciles, glabri v. fere glabri. Folia oblanceolata v. lanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata, subtus tomento cinereo-albido v. fulvescente obtecta, 7-10 cm. longa. Corolla cam- panulata, basi leviter angustata, 3.5-4 cm. longa et circiter 4.5 cm. diam. Western Szech'uan: without precise locality, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3962% type); Mt. Omei, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5137»). This variety differs from the type chiefly in the dun-colored tomentum of the under side of the generally smaller leaves and in the broader corolla less narrowed at the base. Rhododendron hypoglaucum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 25 (1889). — Diels in Bot. Jahrh. XXIX. 512 (1910). — Bean in Flora & Sylva, III. 164 (1905). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, III.— Pampanini mNuov. Gior. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 683 (1910). Rhododendron gracilipes Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 391 (1895). Rhododendron chionophyllum Diels in Bot. Jahrh. XXIX. 512 (1900). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 2300 m., May 19, 1907 (No. 3443, in part; bush 2.5-6 m. tall, flowers white with reddish blotch); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1600-2300 m.. May 14, 1907 (No. 3443, in part; bush 2.5-4 m.tall, flowers pale rose-pink); Changlo Hsien, woods, alt. 1600-2000 m.. May 1907 (No. 3443, in part; bush 1-3 m.tall, flowers, white, spotted) ; Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 2000 m.. May 1907 (No. 3443, in part; bush 2.5-4 m. tall, flowers pink, spotted) ; without locality, May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 311). This is an exceedingly common species in western Hupeh and possibly only a geographical form of R. argyrophyllum Franchet. The ovary varies from hirsutely glandular to glabrous, as described by Diels for his R. chionophyllum, and with the material before us we cannot separate this species. The pedicels in R. hypo- glaucum Hemsley vary considerably in length and are either glabrous or sparsely pubescent; the loan of a specimen of R. gracilipes Franchet from the Paris Museum has enabled us to establish the identity of these two species. R. graci- lipes Franchet and R. chionophyllum Diels are identical and merely non-glandular forms of R. hypoglaucum Hemsley. 528 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Rhododendron longipes Rehder & Wilson, n, sp. Frutex 1-2.5 m. altus, ramulis satis gracilibus; hornotini sparse pubescentes. Folia tenuiter coriacea, oblongo-lanceolata, rarius oblongo-oblanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata v. late cimeata, 8-13 cm. longa et 2-3.5 cm. lata, supra laete viridia, nitidula, leviter elevato- reticulata, glabra, subtus dense tomento Crustacea pallide brunneo obtecta costa media supra impressa subtus elevata, nervis utrinsecus 8-12 supra impressis subtus leviter elevatis v. fere obsoletis. Flores 10-15, umbellato-racemosi ; rhachis 2-2.5 cm. longa, sparse villosa; pedicelli graciles, 4-4.5 cm. longi, sparse glandulosi, saepe sparsissime villosi; calyx minimus, cupularis, lobis inaequalibus vix 1 mm. longis, acutis V. rotundatis glabris v. rarius sparse glandulosis; corolla 5-loba, e basi late tubulari infundibuliformi-campanulata, pallide rosea, macu- lata, circiter 3.5 cm. longa et 4. cm lata, basi leviter 5-gibbosa, lobis inaequalibus circiter 1 cm. longis et 1.5-2 cm. latis, rotundatis rarius emarginatis; stamina circiter 12, vix corollam dimidiam aequantia, filamentis basi dilatatis glabris; ovarium cylindricum, 6-7 mm. longum, tomento rufo villoso obtectum; stylus rectus, 1.6 cm. longus, basim loborum corollae paullo superans, glaber, stigmate capitato. Capsula matura desideratur. Western Szech'uan: Ching-chi Hsien, Ta-hsiang-ling, thickets, alt. 2000-2300 m.. May 16, 1907 (No. 3424, type); without precise locality, alt. 2000-2500 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3966). This is a distinct species easily recognized by its foliage and long slender pedi- cels. It is allied to R. insigne Hemsley & Wilson which is a much more vigorous growing species with thick coriaceous leaves, larger flowers and villose stamens. R. argyrophyllum Franchet and its varieties with which this new species may be compared has rather different shaped leaves, clothed with white tomentum below. Rhododendron insigne Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 113. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, woodlands, alt. 2300-2600 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1339; bush 4-6 m. tall, flowers pink or white); same locahty, alt. 2300-3000 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3965, type). The fruit of this handsome species which has not been described is stout, cy- lindric, obtuse, 2-2.5 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, 8-10-valved with rather thin valves, crowned by the remains of the style, and densely covered with very short, brownish crispate hairs; seeds oblong, 2.5-3 mm. long, yellowish-brown. Bark salmon-red, becoming gray with age, exfoliating in rather thin small flakes. ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 529 Rhododendron Thayerianum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutcx 3-4-metralis, ramulis crassiusculis puberulis plerumquc ab- breviatis foliis congestis; pcrulae per plures annos persistentes,oblongae V. oblongo-spathulatae v. lanceolatae, acutae v. obtusae v. apiculatae, 1-2 cm. longae, glabrae v. extus sericeae, brunneae. Folia coriacea, anguste oblanceolata, cuneata, acuminata, 8-13 cm. longa et 1.5-3 cm. lata, supra laete viridia, nitidula, leviter elevato-reticulata, subtus tomento crustaceo pallidc brunneo denso obtecta, costa media supra impressa subtus elevata fere glabra, nervis utrinsecus 10-12 obsoletis interdum supra leviter impressis; petioli crassiusculi, initio sparse glandulosi demum glabri, 1-1.5 cm. longi. Flores 10-15, racemosi; rhachis elongata, satis gracilis, 3-3.5 cm. longa, sparse stipitato- glandulosa ut pedicelli graciles, 4-5 cm. longi; bracteae oblongo-spa- thulatae V. oblongae, 1-2.5 cm. longae, extus sericeae ad maturitatem fructus persistentes; calyx cupularis, lobis inaequalibus semiorbicu- laribus 1.5-2 mm. longis glandulosis; corolla infundibuliformis, 5-lobata, 2.5-3 cm. longa et 3-3.5 cm. diam., lobis inaequalibus cir- citer 1.5 cm. longis rotundatis; stamina 8-10, corollam fere aequantia, filamentis 2-2.5 cm. longis compressis in dimidio inferiore floccoso- villosis; ovarium elongatun, glandulosum; stylus rectus, circiter 2.5 cm. longus, dense glandulosus, stigmate magno applanato. Capsula cylin- drica, 2-3 cm. longa et circiter 6 mm. diam., 6-8-locularis, glandulosa; semina anguste oblonga, 3-4 mm. longa, pallide brunnea, utrinque alata. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woodlands, alt. 3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4273). This is a remarkably distinct species differing from all allied species in its per- sistent bud-scales densely covering the leafy shoots. The leaves are crowded and the inflorescence and ovary are very glandular. In its dun-colored, crust accous tomentum this new species resembles R. longipcs Rehder & Wilson, which is, however, readily distinguished by its differently shaped flowers and leaves, de- ciduous bud-scales and bracts, glabrous non-glandular stamens and style. Our specimens are in ripe fruit with a few old flowers adherent to the glandular capsules. This species is named for the Thayer family of Lancaster, Massachusetts, prominent in horticulture and generous in its support of the explorations in China undertaken by the Arnold Arboretum. Group b. Leaves with a woolly or sometimes nearly scurfy brownish tomentum on the midrib beneath, otherwise glabrous or villose when young. Rhododendron longesquamatum Schneider, ///. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 483 (1909), 1045 (1912). 530 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Rhododendron Brettii Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 106. "Western Szech'uan : Mupin, woodlands, 3300-3500 m., July 1908 (No. 1278; bush 2.5-5 m.tall, flowers rose-pink); Wa-shan, woodlands, alt. 3000 m., November 1908 (No. 1361; bush 4-6 m. tall); same lo- cality, alt. 2300-2600 m., July 1908 (No. 3439; bush 3-5 m. tall, flowers pink with purple blotch); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2600-3300 m., July 1908 (No. 3438; bush 2.5 m. tall, flowers rosy-red); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4263; bush 2-3 m, tall); Tachien-lu, July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3973, type). This most striking species varies slightly in different localities. In No. 3439 the calyx-lobes are almost wanting and the bracts are very sparse; in No. 3438 the lower surface of the midribs is glabrous, and the pedicels and ovary are much less glandular-pubescent. Rhododendron pachytrichum Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 231 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 49 (PL David. II. 87) (1888). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull Misc. Inform. XXIII. 1910, 109. Western Szech'uan : Mupin, woods, alt. 2500-3300 ra., June and October, 1908 (No. 1203, in part; bush 2.5-6 m. tall, flowers white); same locahty, alt. 2600-2800 m., October 1910 (No. 4270; bush 2-5 m. tall); Wa-shan, woods, alt. 2500-3000 m., June and November, 1908 (No. 1203, in part; bush 4-6 m. tall, flowers white); same locality, June and November 1908 (No. 1349; bush 5-6 m. tall; flowers pale pink, spotted); Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 3000-3600 m., September 1908 (No. 1203, in part; bush 2-6 m. tall, flowers white) south-east of Ta- chien-lu, woodlands, 3000-3300 m., October 1908 (No. 1326; bush 3-6 m. tall); near Mao-chou, Chiu-ting-shan, cliffs, alt. 2500-2800 m.. May and October 1908 (No. 3440; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers white); west of Kuan Hsien, Pan-lan-shan, woodlands, alt. 2300-2600 m., October 1910 (No. 4246; bush 2-2.5 m. tall); without precise locahty, alt. 2600-3300 m.. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3976). This is one of the commonest and most widely dispersed species found in western Szech'uan. The fruit which has not been described is slender, cylindric, 2-3 cm. long, 6-8 mm. wide, furrowed, sparingly hispid or glabrescent, about 8-celled; seeds fusiform, about 3 mm. long, blackish. Rhododendron strigillosum Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 232 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s^r. 2, X. 48 {PI. ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 531 David. II. 87) (1888). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 107. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2G00-3300 m., October 1908 (No. 1341; bush 5-6 m. tall); same locality, woodlands, alt. 2300-2800 m., June 1908 (No. 3429; bush 3-5 m. tall, flowers red); same locality, thickets, alt. 2600-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 3430; bush 6 m. tall, flowers white); Mupin, woodlands, 2500-2600 m., October 1910 (No. 4258; bush 2-4 m. tall); Mt. Omei, woodlands, alt. 2600 m. (No. 4267; bush 3-4 m. tall). The undescribed fruit is stout, cylindric, 1.2-2.5 cm. (usually 1.8 cm.) long, furrowed, densely covered with brown bristly hairs; seeds dark, shining brown, oblong, 3-4 mm. in length. This species which is rather rare is easily recognized by its setose branches, petioles and inflorescence. The corolla varies from pure white to crimson. No. 3429 is much less bristly than the usual form and shows an approach towards R. pachytrichum Franchet, which is the species most closely related to it. Group c. Leaves with a brown or brownish tomentum covering the whole under surface, rarely glabrescent at maturity. Rhododendron Wiltonii Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 107. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2500 m., June and November 1908 (No. 1353, in part; bush 3-5 m. tall, flowers flesh- pink, spotted); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2300-2600 m., June 1908 (No. 1353, in part; bush 3-5 m. tall, flowers white with red blotch); same locality, October 1910 (No. 4264; bush 3 m. tall) ; without precise locahty, alt. 3300 m.. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3952, type). This is a rather rare species, easily recognized by its thick leaves narrowed to the base, shining green and rugose above, covered below with loose red-brown to- mentum, and by its woolly pedicels and minute calyx. The fruit is similar to that of R. Wasonii Hemsley & Wilson. Rhododendron maculiferum Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 393 (1895). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 109. Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 2600-3300 m.. May 1907 (No. 3412, in part; bush 1-10 m. tall, flowers white or pink with dark blotch, abundant); Changlo Hsien, woodlands and cliffs, alt. 2000 m.. May 1907 (No. 3412, in part; bush 2-2.5 m. tall) ; Changyang Hsien, woodlands and cliffs, alt. 1600-2500 m.. May and June 1907 (No. 3412, in part; bush 2-2.5 m. tall, flowers light pink with dark spots); without precise locality, May 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1878). 532 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA This is a very common species above 2000 m. alt. in north-west Hupeh, and is easily recognized by its villose pedicels and ovary, rather short, elliptic leaves with the midrib floccosely tomentose on the under side. Rhododendron Weldianum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2-4-metralis; ramuli crassi, initio j[loccoso-tomentosi, mox glabrescentes; gemmae ovoideae, purpurascentes, perulis late ovatis apice rotundatis subito mucronatis extus marginem versus villosulis intus villosulis. Folia coriacea, elliptico-oblonga, basi cuneata, rarius rotundata, acuta v. breviter acuminata, margine leviter revoluta, 6-11 cm. longa et 3-4 cm. lata, supra glabra, nitidula, leviter rugulosa, subtus dense tomento lanuginoso initio albido demum ferrugineo obtecta, costa media supra impressa subtus elevata, nervis utrinque 10-12 obsoletis supra leviter impressis; petioli crassi complanati, 1-1.5 cm. longi, floccoso-tomentosi, glabrescentes. Florum fragmenta tantum adsunt; calyx obsoletus; corolla infundibuliformis, 22 mm. longa, lobis late ovatis 9-10 mm. longis, tubo 12 mm. longo; stamina 20 mm. longa, corolla paullo breviora, in quarta parte inferiore pilosula. Racemi sub-umbelliformes, 6-12-flori; pedicelli crassi, 1-1.5 cm. longi, ut capsula tomento rufescente floccoso-lanuginoso vestiti; capsula cylindrica, 2-2.5 cm. longa et 7-9 mm. diam. ; semina ovato- oblonga, 2.5-3.5 mm. longa, compressa, obscure brunnea, striatula. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4235, type); near Sungpan Ting, woodlands, alt. 3500 m., October 1910 (No. 4250). This species seems most closely allied to R. rufum Batalin which we have not seen but according to the description this plant has shorter and broader leaves, rounded at the ends, longer petioles, a longer corolla-tube and shorter stamens, reaching only to the base of the lobes. This species is named for General Stephen Minot Weld, a former president of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society and a generous supporter of Wilson's expeditions to China. Rhododendron Wasonii Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 105. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2600 m., June 1908 (No. 3423; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers rose-pink); south-east of Tachien- lu, forests on cliffs and boulders, alt. 3000-3600 m., October 1910 (No. 4249; bush 1-1.25 cm. tall); Tachien-lu, forests, alt. 3000 m., May and July, 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 3955, type, 3965, 3969). This is a common low-growing species partial to rocks in the forests. The broadly lanceolate to nearly ovate leaves shining green above and covered below ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 533 with rufous tomentum, floccosc pedicels and slender fruit covered with red-brown tomentum distinguish it from the allied species. In No. 3969 the leaves are oval, and glabrescent below. Rhododendron Faberii Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 22 (1889). — Schneider, ///. Handb. Lauhholzk. 11. 494 (1909). — Hem- sley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 105. Rhododendron Prattii Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 389 (1895). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2600-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 3436; bush 4-6 m. tall, flowers white, spotted red); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, woods, alt. 2800-3000 m., July 1908 (No. 3437, in part; bush 2.5-4 m. tall, flowers white); Tachien-lu, woods and thickets, alt. 3000-3300 m., June 1908 (Nos. 3432, 3437, in part; bush 2.5-6 m. tall, flowers white); same locality, woodlands, alt. 2600-3300 m., October 1910 (Nos. 4234, 4272, in part; bushes 2.5-4 m. tall); around Tachien-lu, alt. 2600-4300 m., May, June and October 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 3958, 3958% 3959, 3961); vicinity of Tachien-lu 3000-4500 m., A. E. Pratt (No. 58, type of R. Prattii Franchet); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2600-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 3437, in part; bush 2-4 m. tall, flowers white, dark blotch); near Lungan Fu, forests of Tu-ti-liang-shan, alt. 3000 m., August 1910 (No. 4272, in part; bush 4 m. tall) ; Mt. Omei, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5142). The undescribed fruit of this species is stout, cylindric, 2.5-3 cm. long, 7-9 mm. wide, usually curved, furrowed, 8-10-celled, hairy, very sparsely glandular; the persistent calyx-lobes enclosing the lower half of the capsule; seeds fusiform, 3-3.5 mm. long, dark brown. This very common woodland species varies considerably in the size of the leaves, in the degree of tomentum on their under surface and in the size of the calyx-lobes which, however, are always ample. In No. 3432 the i)edicels are nearly glabrous, the calyx-lobes are short, and narrow and the leaves closely resemble those of B. Przewalskii Maximowicz. No. 5142 has very glandular pedicels. Rhododendron taliense Franchet in Bot. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 232(1886).— Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI.31 (1889).— Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 105. — Diels in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, V. 216 (PL Chin. Forrest.) (1912). Western Szech'uan: Tachien-lu, moorlands, alt. 3000-3300 m., June and October, 1908 (No. 1325; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers pink); same locality, uplands, alt. 3600-4100 m., October 1910 (No. 4232, fruits only; bush 1-2.5 m. tall); without precise locality, alt. 3600- 4300 m., July 1903 and June 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 3970, 3953). 534 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA This species is closely related to R. Przewalskii Maximowicz, but may be dis- tinguished from that species by its longer and narrower fruit, larger seeds and the gray tomentum of the young branches; the petioles, pedicels and calyx also are sparsely hairy. Both species are alpine and are found growing together in the neighborhood of Tachien-lu. Rhododendron Przewalskii Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, XXIII. 350 (1877); in Mel. Biol. IX. 771 (1877).— Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 29 (1889). — Bean in Flora & Sylva, III. 164 (1905). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. II. 485, fig. 321 d (1909). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 108. Rhododendron kialense Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 392 (1895). Western Szech'uan : west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, uplands, alt. 3000-3600 m., July 1908 (No. 34331 bush 1.5-3 m. tall, flowers white, spotted); Tachien-lu, Ta-p'ao-shan, moorlands, alt. 4300- 5000 m., July 7, 1908 (No. 3434; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers white); Tachien-lu, uplands, alt. 4300-4600 m., June 1908 (No. 3435; bush, 1-3 m. tall, flowers white); same locality, alt. 3600-4500 m., October 1910 (Nos. 4231, 4243; bushes 65 cm.-3 m. tall); same locality, alt. 3600-4600 m., June and October 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 3968, 3957). This is the most alpine of the broad-leaved species found in western Szech'uan where it is extremely abundant above the timber-line. The flowers vary in color from white to rose-pink and are commonly spotted. Maximowicz describes the stamens as villose and Franchet in his R. kialense as glabrous. Both forms are represented in the specimens before us and gradually merge into one another. The flowers and leaves are identical although the leaves vary considerably in size and shape. No. 3957 has broadly ovate leaves, floccosely tomentose below, a rosy-pink corolla and stout fruit covered with purple bloom. Rhododendron ochraceum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 3-metralis; ramuli hornotini dense pubescentes, pilis glan- duliferis interspersis, annotini glabrescentes; gemmae perulis extus tomentosis longe acuminatis exterioribus in appendicem elongatum linearem elongatis (semper ?) . Folia tenuiter coriacea, oblanceolata, subito breviter acuminata, basi late cuneata v. rotundata, margine leviter revoluta, 6-9 cm. longa et 1.5-2.5 lata, supra initio pilis fas- ciculatis caducis conspersa, mox glabra, laete viridia, opaca, minute elevato-reticulata, subtus dense tomento ochraceo floccoso vestita, costa media supra impressa subtus elevata, nervis lateralibus obso- letis; petioli graciles, 1-2 cm. longi, sparse pubescentes et glanduloso- ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 535 pilosi. Flores 8-12, racemoso-umbellati; pedicelli glanduloso-pilosi, 6-12 mm. longi; bracteae oblongae, 1-1.5 cm. longae, cito caducae, extus sericeae; calyx cupuliformis, rubescens, lobis 5 inaequalibus late triangularibus acutis 2-5 mm. longis pilosis; corolla late cam- panulata, kermesina, immaculata, 5-loba, circiter 3 cm. longa et lata, tubo e basi lata sensim ampliato, 18-20 mm. longo, lobis subrotundatis plerumque emarginatis, circiter 1 cm. longis et pauUo latioribus; stamina plerumque 12, inclusa, 1.6-2.2 cm. longa, filamentis glabris compressis, antheris atropurpureis; ovarium conicum, dense pilis strigosis plerumque glanduliferis obtectis, stylo glabro 2 cm. longo, stigmate parvo simplici. Capsula cylindrica, 2-2.5 cm. longa et 5- 6 mm. diam., vetulosa et sparse glandulosa, valvis plerumque 6; semina fusiformia, compressa, 2.5-3 mm. longa, flavido-brunnea. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 2600-3000 m., June 1908 (No. 3425). This is a rare and very distinct species perhaps most closely related to R. strigil- losum Franchet, which has strigose hairs covering the branches, petioles and fruit, very different tomentum, mainly confined to the center of the lower surface of the leaves, larger flowers and very differently shaped fruit. Our plant may also be compared with R. pachytrichum Franchet which is easily distinguished by the leaves being glabrous on the under surface, with the exception of the midrib, by larger flowers, villose stamens and by the larger, stouter and glabrescent fruit. Group d. Leaves with a white or whitish often very close tomentum beneath. Rhododendron floribundum Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 232 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Pans, ser. 2, X. 45 (PL David. II. 88) (1888). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 106. Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2600 m., October 1910 (No. 4266; bush 3-5 m. tall); without precise locality, alt. 1300 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3967). The undescribed fruit of this species is stout, cylindric, straight or curved up- wards, 2-3 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, 8-10-celled and sparsely clothed with short, yellowish-gray pubescence; seeds fusiform, 3-4 mm. long, chestnut-brown in color. Rhododendron Hunnewellianum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2-5-metralis; ramuli crassiusculi, initio tomento floccoso cinereo vestiti, demum glabrescentes; gemmae subglobosae, perulis paucis suborbicularibus extus fusco- v. fusco-cinereo-tomcntosulis intus glabris. Folia coriacea, oblanceolata, rarius anguste oblongo-lanceo- 536 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA lata, acuminata, basi cuneata, 7-11 cm. longa et 1.5-2.5 cm. lata, supra glabra, maturitate leviter rugulosa, subtus tomento floccoso lanuginoso albido vestita, costa media supra impressa subtus manifeste elevata glabra, nervis utrinsecus 14-17 supra impressis interdum obso- letis; petioli puberuli, mox glabri, 8-15 mm. longi. Flores umbellato- racemosi, plures; rhachis circiter 1 cm. longa, pubescens; pedicelli laxe ferrugineo-villosi et minute glandulosi, 1.5-2 cm. longi; calyx cupularis, brevis, lobis 5 rotundatis latioribus quam longis extus sparse puberulis et glandulosis; corolla 5-loba, late campanulata, 4-5 cm. longa et lata, alba, maculata, lobis ovalibus apice rotundatis circiter 2 cm. longis quam tubus intus in parte inferiore dense glandulosus paullo brevioribus ; stamina circiter 10, inclusa, 2.5-3.5 cm. longa, filamentis compressis basim versus glandulosis; ovarium anguste conicum, 7-8 mm. longum, tomento villoso flavido obtectum; stylus 4-5 cm. longus, rectus, glaber basi sparse villoso glandulosoque excepto, stigmate magno applanato. Capsula cylindrica, 2-2.5 cm. longa et 8-10 mm. diam., 8-locularis, partim tomento rufo obtecta, glabrescens; semina brunnea, ovoidea v. oblongo-ovoidea, compressa, circiter 2 mm. longa. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, thickets, alt. 2000-2600 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1198, type); same locality, alt. 2600-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4248); south-east of Sungpan Ting, woods, alt. 3300 m., August 1910 (No. 4727). This species is related to R. floribundum Franchet, which is readily distinguished by its much larger, subbullate, strongly veined leaves with the secondary veins prominent below, and rather different, smaller flowers. Our material consists of specimens with ripe fruit and old flowers; the color of the flowers is unknowTi, but it is apparently white or nearly so. In the region where this species grows Rhododendrons are called " Yang-ngo-hwa." It is fitting that the name of Hunnewell should be associated with a species of Rhododendron, for two generations of this Massachusetts family have devoted themselves to the cultivation of these plants in their gardens at Wellesley and have lost no opportunity to increase the knowledge and advance the interests of American horticulture. To this group also belong the two following species: Rhododendron Monbeigii Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex ramis validis, annotinis glabris. Folia tenuiter coriacea, oblanceolata V. oblongo-lanceolata, acuta v. brevissime acuminata, basi sensim attenuata, 9-15 cm. longa et 3-4 cm. lata, supra glabra, obsolete rugulosa, subtus dense tomento lanuginoso arete adpresso albido vestita, costa media supra impressa, Bubtus elevata flavida, glabra v. fere glabra, nervis utrinsecus 12-15 supra leviter V. vix impressis subtus leviter elevatis; petioli validi, circiter 1 cm. longi, glabri V. fere glabri. Flores 10-12, umbellato-racemosi ; bracteae caducae, oblongae, extus villosae, 1-1.5 cm. longae; pedicelli sparsissime pilosi v. fere glabri, 1.2- 1.5 cm. longi; calyx minimus, cupularis, lobis latis brevissimis acutis v. obtusis ERICACExVE. — RHODODENDKON 537 glabris; corolla S-loba, late turbinato-campanulata, basi leviter 5-gibbosa, 3.5-4 cm. longa 4-4.5 cm. lata, glabra, pallida (colore ignoto) ; lobi 1-1.5 cm. longi, circiter duplo quam tubus longiores, inaequales, rotimdati et apice leviter cmarginati; stamina 10, inclusa, 1.5-3 cm. longa, filamentis complanatis basi sparse glandu- losis, antheris purpureis; ovarium cylindricum, 8-10 mm. longum, sparsissime glandulosum; stylus curvatus, 2.2-2.5 cm. longus, corollam aequans v. pauUo superans, glabcr v. in parte inferiore sparse puberulus stigmate simplice. Capsula matura non visa. Western Yunnan: Tse-kou, valley of upper Mekong river, T. Monbeig, (Nos. 16, type, 2). The nearest ally of R. Monheigii is undoubtedly R. foveolatum Rehder & Wilson, which is distinguished by the peculiar foveolate tomentum of the leaves, the tomentose branchlets, smaller flowers, the shorter, rufously tomento.se ovary, the shorter style and stamens and by the pubescent pedicels. R. (jyninanthum Diels also seems related to this species, but is at once distinguished by the quite glabrous and green under surface of the leaves and by the distinctly racemose in- florescence with short pedicels. Rhododendron foveolatum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex ramulis crassiusculis annotinis et biennibus albido-tomentosis. Folia tenuiter coriacea, oblongo-oblanceolata, basi sensim attenuata, apice acuta v. fere rotundata et mucronata, margine leviter reflexo-, 9-10 cm. longa et 2-3 cm. lata, supra glabra, obscure viridia, leviter elevato-reticulata, subtus dense tomento cinereo foveolato-lanuginoso obtecta, costa supra impressa subtus elevata nervis utrinsecus 10-12 supra leviter impressis subtus leviter elevatis; petioli 1-1.5 cm. longi, crassi, adpresse cinereo-tomentosi. Flores 10-12, umbellato-racemosi; pedicelli crassiusculi tenuiter tomentosi; calyx brevissimus, cupularis, obsolete 5-dentatus, puberulus; corolla 5-loba, late turbinato-campanulata, 3-3.5 cm. longa et lata, basi leviter 5-gibbosa, pallida (colore ignoto), maculata, lobis inaequali- bus suborbicularibus latioribus quam longis leviter emarginatis; stamina 10, inclusa, 1-2 cm. longa, filamentis complanatis basi sparsissime pilosis, antheris purpureis; ovarium conicum, 5 mm. longum dense tomento rufo obtectum; stylus leviter curvatus, 1.5-2 cm. longus, glabrous, stigmate capitato. Capsula matura desideratur. Yunnan : Tse-kou, valley of upper Mekong river, T. Monbeig (No. 3). This species is related to R. Monbeigii Rehder & Wilson which has a different tomentum, larger flowers, an elongated, glabrescent ovary and glabrous branchlets. Group e. Leaves glabrous beneath. Rhododendron Souliei Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 393 (1895). — Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLV. 380, fig. 167, t. (1909).— Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull Misc. Inform. 1910, 108. — Diels in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, V. 217 {PL Chin. Forrest.) (1912). Western Szech'uan : vicinity of Tachien-lu, upland, thickets and woodlands, alt. 3000-3600 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1222; bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers rose-pink); same locality, October 1910 (No. 4274; bush 1-2 m. tall); without precise locality, alt. 3300-3800 m., July and October 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3971). 538 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA The open campanulate flowers with the large calyx, leaves cordate or truncate at the base, with a metallic-green luster, readily distinguish R. Souliei from all related species. Rhododendron Williamsianum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 1.50 alius, ramosu; ramuli graciles, hornotini sparse pilis glanduliferis instruct!, annotini glabri, nitiduli, pallida cinereo- fusci; gemmae ovoideae, acutae, purpurascentes, perulis extus glabris ciliolatis. Folia coriacea, ovata v. rotundato-ovata, apice rotundata apiculata, basi plerumque leviter cordata, rarius truncata, margine reflexa, 1.7-4.2 cm. longa et 1.3-3.2 cm. lata, glabra, supra obscure viridia, leviter elevato-reticulata, subtus flavescenti-glauca, obsolete elevato-reticulata; petioli 1-1.5, saepe sparsissime glanduloso-pilosi, purpurascentes. Flores 3-5, umbellato-racemosi ; pedicelli sparse glanduloso-pilosi, purpurascentes, interdum glabri; calyx minutus, obsolete 5-dentatus, sparse stipitato-glandulosus praesertim ad mar- ginem; corolla aperte campanulata, 3-3.5 cm. longa et 4-4.5 cm. lata, glabra, pallide rosea maculis destituta, 5-loba lobis suborbicu- laribus 1.2-1.4 cm. longis; stamina plerumque 10, longiora medium loborum attingentia, filamentis glabris; ovarium conicum, glanduloso- pilosum, 4-5 mm. longum; stylus curvatus, exsertus, totus sparse glandulosus glandulis infra medium stipitatis, stigmate capitato, Capsula cylindrica, circiter 1.5 cm, longa, 5 mm. diam., glabra v. sparse glandulis stipitatis instructa, pallida; semina cinnamomea, 2- 2.5 mm. longa, utrinque alata. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, thickets covering cliff, rare, alt. 2800 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1350). This pretty and distinct species is apparently most nearly related to R. Souliei Franchet, which is easily distinguished by its rather large membranous calyx, differently shaped flowers and larger leaves, merely pale below. It may also be compared with R. rotundifolium David, which is a much more vigorous species, easily distinguished by its totally different leaves and 7-lobed corolla. This new species is apparently very local, occurring only in isolated places on the cliffs of Wa-shan. This species is named for Mr. J. C. Williams of Caerhays Castle, Cornwall, England, the first amateur to appreciate the horticultural value of the Rhodo- dendrons of western China; in his garden the best collection of these new intro- ductions is now to be found. To this group also belong the following species: Rhododendron Purdomii Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex robustus ramulis crassis junioribus puberulis; gemmae perulis ovahbus V. oblongis puberulis per plures annos persistentibus. Folia coriacea, oblongo- lanceolata v. oblonga, acuta, basi cuneata, margine revoluta, 6-9 cm. longa et 2.5-3.5 cm. lata, utrinque glabra, supra laeta viridia, nitida, leviter rugulosa, ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 539 subtus pallidiora, leviter olevato-reticulata, costa media supra imprcssa subtu3 elevata, nervis utrinsecus 10-12 supra leviter impressis v. fere obsoletis subtus leviter elevatis; petioli crassi, 1-1.2 cm. longi, juniores puberuli. Flores 10-12 v. plures, racemoso-umbellati; rhachis circiter 1 cm. longa, rufo-tomentosa; pedicelli graciles, 1-1.6 cm. longi, tomento villoso cinereo-albido dense vestiti; bracteae oblongo-obovatae v. oblanceolatae, utrinque villosae; calyx minutus, cupularia, lobis 5, late triangularibus acutis 1-1.5 mm. longis sparse pubescentibus; corolla campanulata, 2.5-3 cm. longa ac lata, 5-loba, lobis rotundatis circiter 1 cm. longis; stamina circiter 10, corollam subaequantia, filamentis 2-2.5 cm. longis dilatatis supra medium villosis, antheris pallide roseis; ovarium conicum, 4-5 mm. longum, sparse albido-villosum; stylus curvatus, glaber, stigmata capi- tato. Capsula desideratur. Shensi: Tai-pei-shan, 1910, W. Purdom (No. 4). This species is closely related to R. brachycarpum G. Don, a Japanese species, which has rather differently shaped leaves white or dun-colored on the under side, a more elongated inflorescence, longer pedicels and larger flowers. It is also related to R. Przewalskii Maximowicz which has broader leaves, usually subcor- date at the base and covered with rufous or pale tomentum beneath, glabrous pedicels and an umbellate inflorescence. This species is named for William Purdom, in charge of the Arnold Arboretum explorations in northern China during the years 1909, 1910 and 1911. Rhododendron gymnanthum Diels in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, V. 211 (PI, Chin. Forrest.) (1912). Yunnan: Tse-kou, valley of upper Mekong river, T. Monbeig (No. 4). Our specimens differ from Diels' description in the longer calyx-lobes, in the ovary being 7-9 mm. long, and in the partly short-acuminate leaves. We consider this species as closely related to R. irrorattim Franchet and possibly some specimens collected in Yunnan by A. Henry (Nos. 10275, 10853, 11066, 11067, 11067'*) and referred by Hemsley & Wilson {Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 112) to R. irroratum, might be considered as constituting a pubescent variety of R. gymnanthum. In his original description of that species {Bidl. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIV. 280) Franchet describes the under surface of the leaves as glaucous and the ovary as densely clothed with brown glands. In all Henry's specimens the leaves are pale green below and the ovary is not glandular but densely covered with rufous-gray tomentum. In No. 10853 the ovary is very sparsely tomentose. The figure in the Botanical Magazine (LXX. t. 7361) of R. irroratum agrees with Franchet's description except that the leaves are pale green below. Possibly the species is very variable. P^re Monbeig's specimen is glabrous everywhere save the rhachis of the inflorescence, which is very sparingly puberulous and totally without glands. This and the racemose-umbellate inflorescence readily dis- tinguish it from the R. irroratum Franchet, and from the specimens of Henry's cited above. According to the description this new species is also near R. lukiangense Fran- chet which has persistent bracts, shorter pedicels, smaller, differently shaped flowers and inconspicuous calyx-teeth. Group f. Corolla 7-9-lobed (5-lobed in the preceding groups of this subgenus). Leaves glabrous, cordate to abruptly contracted at the base (cuneate in a variety of R. Fortund). 540 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Rhododendron orbiculare Decaisne in Fl. des Serres, XXII. 169 (1877). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 108. Rhododendron rotundifolium David in Jour. As. Soc. North China Branch, VII. 216 (nomen nudum) (1873). — Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s6r. 2, X. 47 {PI. David. II. 85) (1888). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 483, fig. 321 a (1909). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woodlands and thickets, alt. 2600- 3000 m., June 1908 (No. 3418, in part; bush 1.5-4 m. tall, flowers deep rose-red); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 3300 m., July 1908 (No. 3418, in part; bush 1.5-4 m. tall, flowers rosy-red); Tachien-lu, woodlands, alt. 3300 m., June and July 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3951). Though the leaves of this species, which resemble those of a small-leaved Nuphar, are remarkably distinct, David's words "remarquable par ses feuilles rondes" ia reference to his R. rotundifolium can hardly be considered a sufficient description. Rhododendron Fargesii Franchet in Jour. Bot. IX. 390 (1895). — Bois in Jour. Soc. Hort. France, ser. 4, I. 217, fig. 24 (1900). — Hems- ley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 109.— Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LI. 252 (1912); LII. 4, fig. 4 (1912). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien in thickets and forests of Silver Fir, alt. 2000-3000 m.. May 1907 (No. 3416; bush 1-6 m. tall, flowers white to deep rosy-red, spotted); Fang Hsien, woodlands Sheng- teng-chia, alt. 2650 m.. May 1907 (No. 3417; bush 2 m. tall, flowers rosy-pink) ; without precise locahty. May 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1877). This is a beautiful and distinct species, abundant in the upper woodlands of north-western Hupeh, but is not found below 2000 m.; the flowers vary from white to deep rosy-red and are borne in compact trusses at the end of every shoot. Rhododendron oreodoxa Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 230 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s^r. 2, X. 46 {PL David. II. 84) (1888). Rhododendron haematocheilon Craib in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LIII. 214 (1913). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2600-3000 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1211, in part; bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers rose- pink); same locality, October 1910 (No. 4260; bush 2-3 m. tall); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, woods, alt. 2300-2600 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1211, in part; bush 2-3 m. tall); Pan-lan-shan, west of Kuan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 2300-3000 m., October 1910 (Nos. 4245, 4247; shrub 2.5-3 m. tall); south-east of Tachien-lu, woodlands, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4271; bush 1.5- ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 541 2.5 m. tall); without precise locality, alt. 3100-3800 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3972 and seed No. 1541). Franchet describes the pedicels as glabrous, but in all our specimens they are glandular. He also describes the corolla as 8-lobed, but we find it usually 7-lobed. The crowded sub-umbellate inflorescence, the glabrous style and ovary, shorter leaves usually rounded at the base and globose winter-buds distinguish this species from R. Davidii Franchet. Rhododendron Fortune!, Lindley in Gard. Chron. 1859, 868. — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. XCII. t. 5596 (1866). — Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, ser. 7, XVI. No. IX. 21 (1870). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 23 (1889). — Bean in Flora & Sylva, III. 164 (1905). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 487, fig. 322 g-i (1909). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 109. Kiangsi : Kuling, side of stream, rare, alt. 1300 m., July 1907 (No. i686; bush 2 m. tall). Here belongs the following variety: Rhododendron Fortunei, var. Houlstonii Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Rhododendron Houlstonii Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 110. Western Hupeh: without precise locality, May and September 1900 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 312, 609 in part, 1077 fruit only); without locality, A. Henry (No. 5354). Eastern Szech'uan: south Wushan Hsien, May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 609, in part; bush 3 m. tall, flowers rosy-pink). This variety is distinguished from the type by its smaller, narrower leaves, usually cuneate, or very rarely rounded or subcordate at the base ; more glandular pedicels, ovary and style rather smaller and slightly and somewhat differently shaped flowers. All the Hupeh specimens we have seen are referable to this variety. Both in their number and length the glands on the ovary and style show much variation. Rhododendron Houlstonii Hemsley & Wilson was founded on specimens with very long etipitate glands; the specimens before us show every gradation from these etipitate glands to sessile glands. It is possible that the Hupeh form is scarcely deserving of varietal rank, but for the present it seems to us desirable to consider it as a variety. Rhododendron decorum Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 230 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 47 (PI. David. II. 83) (1888). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 22 (1889). — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 511 (1900). — Bean in Flora & Sijlva, III. 163 (1905). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 109. Rhododendron lucidum Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 300 (non Nuttall) (1895) — Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLVII. 121, t. (1910). Rhododendron vernicosum Franchet in Jour, de Bot. XII. 258 (1898). Rhododendron Spooneri Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 110. 542 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Western Szech'uan : Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2600-3000 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1209=^; bush 2-2.5 m. tall, flowers pure white); in the neighborhood of Taehien-lu, thickets, alt. 2600-3300 m., June and September 1908 (No. 1209; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers white or pale rosy-pink); same locality, uplands, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4257; bush 1-2.5 m. tall); same locality, alt. 2600-3600 m., June and October 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3975 and seed No. 1782). Yunnan: Mengtze, grassy mountains, alt. 2000 m., A. Henry (Nos. 9155, 9155^). Rhododendron decorum is one of the most widely distributed of the Chinese Rho- dodendrons and with the material before us we cannot distinguish it from the plants here considered to be the same. The Tachien-lu form on which R. Spooneri Hemsley & Wilson was based, has smaller loaves than the type, but there are many inter- mediate forms. Rhododendron lucidum Franchet is identical with R. Spooneri. The thick, coriaceous, shining leaves, more straggling habit and unspotted flowers chiefly distinguish this species from R. Fortunei Lindley. Group g. Corolla 7-9-lobed. Leaves glabrous, cuneate at the base. Rhododendron discolor Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 391 (1895). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 112. Rhododendron mandarinorum Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 510 (1900). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, woodlands, alt. 1600-2150 m., June and October 1907 (No. 586, in part; bush 2-4 m. tall, flowers white to rosy-pink); Changlo Hsien, woods, alt. 1600- 2300 m., June 1907 (No. 586, in part; bush 3 m. tall, flowers pink); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1600-2150 m., June 1907 (No. 586, in part; bush 3-6 m. tall, flowers white); Changyang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1500-2000 m.. May 1907 (No. 586, in part; bush 2.5-4 m. tall, flowers deep pink with dark blotch); without precise locality, June and October 1900 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 2154, 1077; flowers only). Szech'uan: south Wushan Hsien, woods, alt. 1600-1800 m., June 1907 (No. 586, in part; bush 2-5 m. tall, flowers white); Nanch'uan, A. von Rosthorn (No. 2156). This is the common Rhododendron of the woods up to alt. 2300 m. in western Hupeh. The larger, triangular calyx-lobes, larger, differently shaped flowers and narrower, usually acute leaves distinguish it from the closely related R. Fortunei Lindley. The pedicels are usually glabrous but occasionally sparsely glandular as they are described in R. mandarinorum Diels and we can find no character by which to separate this latter plant from the typical R. discolor Franchet. ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 543 Rhododendron Davidii Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 230 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 45, t. 11 {PI. David. XL 85, t. 11) (1888). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. II. 485, fig. 320 f-g, 321 g (1909). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 113. Western Szech'uan: south-east of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 3300 m., June 1908 (No. 3415; bush 1-4 m. tall, flowers bright rosy-red); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4261 ; bush 3-4 m. tall); without precise locahty, alt. 1300-2300 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3978). The elongated rhachis of the inflorescence, glandular ovary, longer leaves, acute or shortly acuminate and cuneate at the base, and ovoid acutish winter-buds distinguish this from the closely related R. oreodoxa Franchet. Rhododendron Openshawianum Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 6-metralis ramulis crassis virescentibus initio tomento floccoso cinereo-albido vestitis vetustioribus pallide brunneis ; gemmae ovatae, obtusae, perulis basalibus longe aristatis. Folia tenuiter coriacea, oblongo-oblanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata, margine leviter revoluta, 10-15 cm. longa et 2-3.5 cm. lata, utrinque glabra, supra obscure viridia, subtus pallidiora, reticulata, costa media supra impressa subtus elevata, nervis utrinsecus 12-14 supra leviter im- pressis subtus leviter elevatis; petioH crassi, 8-12 mm. longi, supra plani, initio praecipue subtus floccoso-tomentosi ut costa media in parte inferiore. Flores ignoti. Fructus 8-10, umbellato-racemosi; rhachis 1.5-2 cm. longa, sparse villosa; pedicelli crassi, 3-4.5 cm. longi, erecto patentes, glabri; capsula oblongo-ovoidea, apice fere truncata, 2.5-3 cm. longa et 1-1,2 cm. diam., glabra, multilocularis, stylo persistente circiter 3 cm. longo, stigmate magno applanato; calyx annularis, dentibus 5 minutis, glaber; semina oblonga, 3-3.5 mm. longa, flavido-brunnea, utrinque alata. Western Szech'uan: Yung-chingHsien,Wa-wu-shan, woodlands, alt. 2300-2800 m., September 12, 1908 (No. 3414). The smaller, long-acuminate leaves, and short, thick, oblong-ovoid fruits suf- ficiently distinguish this species from its nearest relatives R. calophyium Franchet and R. sutchuenense Franchet. It is named for the Rev. Harry Openshaw of the American Baptist Mission, Yachou Fu, western Szech'uan, who on several occasions during the year 1908 rendered valuable services to the Arboretum Expedition. 544 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Rhododendron sutchuenense Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 392 (1895). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 112. — Hemsley in Bot. Mag. CXXXVII. t. 8362 (1911). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 1045, fig. 615 f-g. (1912). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 2500 m.. May 1907 (No. 509, in part; bush 6 m. tall, head 4 m. through, flowers rose with dark blotch); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 2000-2500 m.. May 1907 (No. 509, in part; bush 6 m. and more tall, flowers rose-pink with dark blotch) ; Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1600-2200 m., May and October 1907 (No. 509, in part; bush 2-4 m. tall, flowers rose-red with dark blotch); without precise locality, April and September 1900 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 17, 2537); without locaHty, A. Henry (Nos. 5285, 6914). This species has larger flowers and leaves and grows to a greater size than any other species found in western Hupeh. It is very common in the woods throughout the north-west parts of the province, but is rare south of the Yangtsze river. Its short pedicels and larger, differently shaped flowers distinguish it from its near relative R. calophytuin Franchet. Rhododendron calophytum Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 230 (1886); in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 45 {PI. David. II. 83) (1888). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 112. Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, woods, alt. 3000 m., October 1908 (No. 1224; bush 6 m. tall); same locaHty, woodlands, alt. 2600- 3000 m., June 1908 (No. 1367, in part; bush 6 m. tall, flowers rose- red, pedicels scarlet); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2600-3150 m., June and November 1908 (No. 1367, in part; tree 6-15 m. tall, 1-2 m. girth, flowers rosy-pink, pedicels scarlet) ; south-east of Tachien-lu, forests, alt. 2800-3150 m., October 1910 (No. 4279; tree 6-15 m. tall, 0.5-2 m. girth) ; without precise locality, alt. 2300-3000 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3979). The species is common in the forests of western Szech'uan, usually forming a tree and growing to a larger size than any other Rhododendron found in that region. The bark is cinnamon-red passing to pale brown with age. The long scarlet pedicels add greatly to the beauty of the flowers which are borne in large loose trusses. This species is very constant and we can find no variations beyond those of size. A picture of this tree will be found under No. 0265 of Wilson's collection of photographs. Group h. Corolla 7-9-lobed. Leaves tomentose or villose beneath. Rhododendron auriculatum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 20 (1889). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 108. ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 545 Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods around Sheng-teng-ehia, alt. 2000-2300 m., May 1907 (No. 3427, in part; bush 4-6 m. tall); Changyang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1800-2000 m., April 1907 (No. 3427, in part; bush 4 m. tall); without precise locality, July 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1467). This magnificent plant is scattered through the woods of western Hupeh, but is nowhere common. The flowers are white or rosy-red, and do not open until July; it is the latest of all the Hupeh species to flower. Rhododendron lacteum Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 231 (1886). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 26 (1889).— Bean in Flora & Sijlva, III. 104 (1905). — Hemsley in Bot. Mag. CXXXVII. t. 8372 (1911). — Schneider, III. Handh. Lauhholzk. II. 1046, fig. 615 d-e (1912). — Diels in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, V. 215 {PI. Chin. Forrest.) (1912). — Mottet in Rev. Hort. 1912, 375, fig. 127, t. Western Szech'uan: Ching-chi Hsien, Ta-pao-shan, woodlands, alt. 2600 m., September 16, 1908 (No. 3431; bush 5-6 m. tall); west of Kuan Hsien, Fan-lan-shan, woods, alt. 3000-3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4254; tree 5-8 m. tall, rare). This species has not previously been reported from Szech'uan. Our specimens which are in ripe fruit only, appear to be identical with Franchet's plant. The unde- scribed fruit of this species is cylindrical, 4-4.5 cm. long, 8-10 mm. wide, furrowed, sparsely pubescent, 8-10-celled. Seeds fusiform, 3.5-5 mm. long, blackish-brown with yellowish wing. Some of the pedicels on our specimens are 0.6 cm. long. Of the species known from Szech'uan R. lacleum is only exceeded in size by R. calophytum Franchet. Rhododendron Watsonii Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 112. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, wood- lands, alt. 2600-3300 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1206; bush 3-6 m. tall, flowers white); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2600-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4259; bush 3-5 m. tall); south-east of Sungpan Ting, forests, alt. 4000 m., October 1910 (No. 4244; bush 2-2.5 m. tall); same locality and date (No. 4251; tree 8-10 m. tall, about 60 cm. girth); without precise locality, alt. 3000-3800 m.. May and October 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3904, type). Nos. 4251 and 4244 have more slender fruit than the type; in No. 4251 the leaves are white on the under side. 546 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Subgen. III. AZALEA Planch. Leaves never lepidote, usually pubescent or setosely hairy, sometimes glabrous, usually deciduous, rarely persistent. Ovary usually densely setose, never lepidote ; corolla 5-lobed, stamens 5-10. Sect. 1. Chionastrum Franch. Flowers from axillary buds crowded at the end of the branches; corolla funnel- form with a long tube; stamens 10, exserted; ovary glabrous or hairy. Fruit cyUndric. Leaves glabrous, persistent. Rhododendron stamineum Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 236 (1886). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 29 (1889). — Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. X. 1910, 116. Rhododendron pittosporaefoUum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI . 29 (1889) . — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 515 (1900). — Bean in Flora & Sylva, III. 164 (1905). Rhododendron aucuhaefolium Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 19 (1889), quoad flores; folia ad Daphniphyllum macropodum pertinent. — Bean in Flora & Sylva, III. 162 (1905). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1300-1600 m., May and November 1907 (No. 567; bush 3-6 m. tall, flowers white, spotted yellow, fragrant, the lobes of the corolla reflexed); Chien-shi Hsien, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 758) ; without precise locality, A. Henry (Nos. 5787, 6432, 4031). Western Szech'uan: woodlands, Wa-shan, alt. 1600-1800 m., June 1908 (No. 3470; bush 5-8 m. tall, flowers blush); Mt. Omei, woodlands, alt. 1600-2000 m., October 1910 (No. 4268; bush 2.5-3 m. tall); same locality, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5140), A. von Rosthorn (No. 430). Although nowhere really common this is a widely distributed species, and is gen- erally found in rocky, shady ravines. The very long exserted stamens readily distinguish it from its near relatives. Sect. 2. AzALEASTRUM Plauch. Flowers from axillary buds hke those of the preceding section; corolla rotate; stamens 5-10, shorter than the corolla. Leaves persistent or deciduous, glabrous. Rhododendron ovatum Planchon in Rev. Hort. 1854, 43. — Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, ser. 7, XVI. No. IX. 45 (1870). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 28 (1889).— Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 120. ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 547 Azalea ovata Lindley in Jour. Hort. Soc. London, I. 149 (1846). — Fortune in Jour. Hort. Soc. London, II. 126, t. 2 (1847). — Hooker in Bot. Mag. LXXXIV. t. 5064 (1858). Azalea myrtijolia Champion in Bot. Mag. LXXVII. sub. t. 4609 (1851). Western Hupeh: Changyang Hsien, woodlands and cliffs, alt. 1600-2300 m., May and November 1907 (No. 1391; bush 2-2.25 m., flowers pale pink); same locality, May 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 719); without locality, A. Henry (No. 5278). Kiangsi: Kuling, thickets, alt. 1300 m., July 28, 1907 (No. 1690; bush 1-1.5 m. tall, abundant). Chekiang: vicinity of Ningpo, 1908, D. Macgregor. Fokien: with- out locality, Dunn's Exped., April to June 1905 (Herb. Bot. Gard. Hongkong, No. 2880). This is a not uncommon species in Hupeh, but has not been reported from farther west. Sect. 3. TsuTSUTSi G. Don {Tsusia Planch.) Flowers from a terminal bud, leafy shoots from the axils of the lower scales of the same bud; stamens 5-10; ovary setose. Leaves deciduous or persistent, hairy, rarely glabrous. Rhododendron indicum (Linnaeus) Sweet, var. ignescens Sweet in Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, II. t. 128 (1833). Azalea indica Sims in Bot. Mag. XXXVI. t. 1480 (1812). Rhododendron indicum, var. puniceum Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, II. sub. t. 128 (1833). — De Candolle, Prodr. VII. 726 (1838). Rhododendron Simsii Planchon in Fl. des Serr. IX. 78 (1853). Rhododendron Calleryi Planchon in Fl. des Serr. IX. 81 (1853). Rhododendron indicum, var. Simsii Maximowicz in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, ser. 7, XVII. No. IX. 38 (1870). — Franchet in £u«. Soc. Bot. France, XXXIII. 235 (1886). Azalea indica, var. Simsii Rehder in Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. I. 122 (1900). Kiangsi : Kuling, thickets, alt. 1300 m., abundant, July 28, 1907 (No. 1682; bush 1-2 m.). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1000-1800 m., May 14 and December 1907 (No. 569; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers scarlet); Changlo Hsien, cliffs, alt. 600- 1300 m.. May 1907 (No. 3472; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers scarlet); Changyang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1300 m.. May and November 1907 (No. 3473 ; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers scarlet) ; north and south of Ichang, thickets, dry woods and cliffs, alt. 30-1300 m., May and November 1907 (No. 3474; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers scarlet); " Kao-hicn-scian," alt. 800 m.. May 1907, C. Silvestri (No. 1701). Western Szech'uan : Kiating Fu, red-sandstone hills, alt. 300-800 m.. May 1908 (No. 3475; bush 1-1.5 m. tall, flowers scarlet); Mt. Omei, May 1904 (Veitch 548 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Exped. No. 5143); without locality, A. von Rosthorn (No. 2148). Yunnan: Mi-le, forests, A. Henry (No. 9900"); Mengtze, grassy mountains, alt. 2000 m., A. Henry (Nos. 9900^, 9900=); Szemao, alt. 1600 m., ^. i/enr?/ (No. 9900^^). Kwangtung: Hongkong, Happy Valley, November 5, 1903, C. S. Sargent. Chekiang: Chusan Islands, Pootoo, Faber. This plant is abundant in western Hupeh and in Szech'uan up to 1500 m. alti- tude, where in May the thin, dry woods, cliffs and dry thickets are commonly a blaze of scarlet from its flowers. Our specimens show considerable variation in the size of the leaves but their size depends on altitude. At a low altitude the leaves are large and are all persistent, while at the upper Umits of the species the leaves are very much reduced in size and are more or less deciduous. A colloquial name for this shrub is " Yin-shan-hung." Rhododendron Mariesii Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1907, 244. — Hutchinson in Bot. Mag. CXXXIV. t. 8206 (1908). — Schneider, 7//. Handb. Lauhholzk. II. 496 (1909). Rhododendron Weyrichii Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 32 (non Maxi- mowicz) (1889). Rhododendron Farrerae, var. leucotrichum Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 394 (1895). — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 513 (1900). Rhododendron Farrerae, var. Weyrichii Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 513 (1900). Rhododendron Farrerae, var. mediocre Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 514 (1900). Rhododendron rhombicum Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 514 (non Miquel) (1900). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, dry woods and cliffs, alt. 300-1300 m.. May 1907 (No. 6o6, in part; erect growing bush 1-2.5 m. tall, flowers rose-pink, abundant); Hsing-shan Hsien, woods and cliffs, alt. 300-1300 m., May and November 1907 (No. 6o6, in part; erect bush, leaves deciduous, 1-2.5 m. tall, common); without precise locality, April 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 29, type), A. Henry, Nos. 3829, 5274. Kiangsi: Kuling, thickets, alt. 1300 m., July 29, 1907 (No. i68i; bush 1-2 m. tall, abundant). Fokien: without locality, Dunn's Exped., April to June 1905 (Herb. Bot. Gard. Hongkong, No 2882). This and Rhododendron sinense Sweet are the only deciduous leaved species reported from central and western China. In the Fokien specimens the pubescence is rufous-gray; on the specimen from Kiangsi both white and rufous-gray pubes- cence occur on the same branch. Rhododendron Mariesii Hemsley & Wilson, with R. rhombicum Miquel, R. dilatatum Miquel, R. Schlippenbachii Maximowicz, R. Weyrichii Maximowicz and R. quinqueloculare Moore & Bisset must be placed in the section Tsutsutsi, as in all these species the young shoots spring from the axils of the lower scales of the same terminal bud as the flowers, while in Euasalea they spring from separate ERICACEAE. — RHODODENDRON 549 axillary buds below tho torminal bud which produces only flowers. All these species form a very well-marked group, different from the group which is composed of R. indicum Sweet and its allies, and are easily distinguished even without flowers by the arrangement of the leaves which form whorls of 3-5 leaves at the end of the branchlets; on vigorous branches sometimes a few leaves also appear below the terminal whorl and these are arranged in pairs, but not opposite, and bear no axillary buds. Rhododendron Albrechtii Maximowicz, which is usually considered as closely related to R. Schlippenbachii belongs to the following section. Sect. 4. Pentanthera G. Don (Euazalea Maxim.). Flowers from a terminal bud; leafy shoots from separate axillary buds below; stamens 5; ovary setose. Leaves deciduous, more or less hairy. As the sectional name Eii-azalea is of more recent date and implies that this sec- tion contains the type of the genus Azalea which is not the case, it cannot be used for it. Rhododendron sinense Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 1, III. sub. t. 290 (1829). — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. XCVII. t. 5905 (1871). — Hance in Jour. Bot. XVI. 109 (1878). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 30 (1889), quoad plantam sinensem. — Suringar in Gartenfl. LVII. 516 (1908). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. II. 497, fig. 329 a-b (1911). Azalea sinensis Loddiges, Bot. Cab. IX. t. 885 (1824). — De Candolle, Prodr. VII. 718 (1883). Azalea mollis Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 853 (1825). Rhododendron sinense, var. flavescens Sweet, Brit. Flow. Gard. ser. 1, III. t. 290 (1829). Azalea pontica Linnaeus, var. sinensis Lindlej'', Bot. Reg. XV. t. 1253 (1829). Rhododendron molle G. Don, Gen. Syst. III. 846 (1834). — Siebold & Zucca- rini in Abh. Akad. Miinch. IV. pt. III. 131 {Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. II. 131) (1846). Western Hupeh : near Ichang, conglomerate hills and pine woods, alt. 30-300 m., April 24, 1907 and February 18, 1908 (No. 8oo; bush 0.5-1.5 m. tall, flowers golden yellow); without locality, A. Henry (No. 268). Chekiang: vicinity of Ningpo, 1908, D. Macgregor. This plant is rare in the neighborhood of Ichang and has not been reported from Szech'uan. The colloquial name is " Lao-hu hwa " ; it is the Yang-chih-chu of Chinese books. The aWicd Rhododendron japonicum Sunngar {Azalea japonicaGTAV, R. molle Miquel, not G. Don, nor Siebold & Zuccarini), which is often referred to this species, is easily distinguished by the leaves being only pilose on the veins beneath, by the glabrous winter-buds, the longer and narrower calyx-lobes and by the stamens being shorter than the carmine or brick-red corolla. 550 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA ENKIANTHUS Lour. Enkianthus quinqueflorus Loureiro, Fl. Cochin. 277 (1790). — Sims in Bot. Mag. XL. t. 1649 (1814). — Lindley in Bot. Reg. XI. t. 884 (1825). — Decaisne in Rev. Hort., 1849, 221, fig. 12. — Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 200 (1861).— Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVL 18 (1889).— Wilson in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, XLI. 344 (1907). — Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform, add. ser. X. 154 {Fl. Kwangtung & Hongkong (1912). Melidora pellucida Noronha apud Salisbury in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. II. 156 (1822). Enkianthus reticulatus Lindley in Bot. Reg. XI. t. 885 (1825). — De CandoUe Prodr. VII. 732 (1839). Enkianthus uniflorus Bentham in Hooker's Jour. Bot. I. 489 (1842). Native of Hongkong and south-eastern China where it is also commonly cul- tivated. Enkianthus quinqueflorus, var. serrulatus Wilson in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLL 344 (1907). Enkianthus serrulatus Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 519 (1911). Western Hupeh: Patung, woodlands, alt. 1900 m., April 25, 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 92, type; tree 6 m. tall, flowers white). Eastern Szech'uan : south Wushan, sheltered ravines, alt. 1300 m., December 1907 (No. 770; bush or small tree 1-8 m. tall); without lo- cality, A. Henry (No. 5475). Yunnan: Mengtze, mountains south of, forests, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (No. 11009). Not common. We cannot follow Schneider in considering this a distinct species. All the differences are in the leaves. Enkianthus deflexus Schneider, III. Handh. Lauhholzk. IL 521 (1911). Rhodora deflexa Griffith, Posth. Papers {Itin. Notes) II. 148, No. 969 (1848). Enkianthus himalaicus Hooker f. & Thomson in Hooker's Kew Jour. Bot. VII. 125, t. 3 (1855). — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. CV. t. 6460 (1879). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. III. 461 (1882). — Wilson in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLI. 344 (1907). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, on cliffs, alt. 2300-3300 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1155; bush 2-6 m., flowers orange and gold to salmon-red); Ching-chi Hsien, Ta-hsiang-ling, rocky places, alt. 1600- 2600 m., May 1908 (No. 3550; bush 2-4 m., flowers orange and yellow) ; Mupin, cliffs, alt. 2500-3300 m., July 1908 (No. 3551; bush 3-6 m. tall, ERICACEAE. — CASSIOPE 551 flowers deep salmon-red); same locality, alt. 3300 m., October 1910 (No. 4336; bush 3-6 m., autumn tints golden to crimson); without precise locality, woods, alt. 2600-3G00 m., July and November 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3912); vicinity of Tachien-lu, A. E. Pratt (No. 8). One of the commonest and most beautiful shrubs in western Szech'uan. It is very variable in every way but the leaves are always more or less pubescent on the under side. Enkianthus chinensis Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 371 (1895). —^ ^ .(^M< Wilson in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XLI. 363 (1907). — Schneider, III ^'^""^ Handb. Laubholzk. II. 521 (1911). Enkianthus himalaicus, var. chinensis Diels in Bot. Jnhrb. XXIX. 508 (1900). Enkianthus Rosthornii Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 509 (1900). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woodland-cliffs, alt. 1600-2600 m., May and September 1907 (No. 3548; bush 2-6 m. erect-growing); Patung Hsien, rocky places, alt. 1300-2000 m., May and November 1907 (No. 3549; bush 1-6 m. tall, flowers salmon); Hsing-shan Hsien, cliffs, alt. 1600-2000 m., June 1907 (No. 3547; bush 2-4 m. tall, flowers salmon-red); Patung, May 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 1002); without locality, A. Henry (Nos. 6612, 6277). Szech'uan : Nanch'uan, A. von Rosthorn (No. 2080). Nanch'uan: Chao-chia-ai, A. von Rosthorn (No. 1053, type of E. Rosthornii Diels). This is a fairly common shrub in western Hupeh. The leaves are very variable, <^,Vfvv«^f*^ but its glabrous character and larger fruits easily distinguish this species from it3 --. nearest relation, E. deflexus Schneider. On No. 3547 some of the leaves are -•*-<**^w*-«* ' identical with those of E. Rosthornii Diels, while others on the same branch agree with those of the plant Diels has referred to E. himalaicus, var. chinensis. With the material before us there can be little doubt that these forms are all referable to one species. CASSIOPE D.Don Cassiope selaginoides Hooker f . & Thomson in Hooker's Kew Jour. Bot. VII. 126, t. 4 (1855). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. III. 460 (1882). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 16 (1889).— Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 515 (1900). Western Szech'uan: neighborhood of Tachien-lu, beneath Rho- dodendrons, alt. 3600-4500 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1182; flowers pure white, abundant); same locality, alt. 4000-4500, m. October 1910 (No. 4377; shrub 10-25 cm. tall); without locality, alt. 4000-4300 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3912); without locality, A. Henry (No. 8871). 552 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Abundant under Rhododendron bushes on the alpine moorlands near Tachien- lu. A picture of this species will be found under No. 205 of the collection of Wilson's photographs and also in his Vegetation of Western China, No. 145. Pieris ovalifolia D. Don in Edinh. Phil Jour. XVII. 159 (1834). — De Candolle, Prodr. VII. 599 (1839). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. III. 460 (1882). — Leveille in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, LIII. 204 (1906). Andromeda ovalifolia Wallich in As. Research. XIII. 391, fig. (1820); Cat. No. 763 (1828). — D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 148 (1825). — Wight, Icon. IV. t. 1199 (1850). Lyonia ovalifolia Drude in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. IV. pt. I. 44 (1889). Yunnan: Mengtze, mountains northwards, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (Nos. 9091, 9091^ 9091", 9091', in part); Szemao, mountains, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (No. 9091', in part). Pieris ovalifolia, var. lanceolata Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. III. 461 (1882). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 17 (1889). — L^veill^ in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, LIII. 204 (1906). Andromeda lanceolata Wallich in As. Research. XIII. 390, fig. (1820). — Wight Icon. IV. t. 1198 (1850). Andromeda squamulosa D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 149 (1825). Pieris lanceolata D. Don in Edinb. Phil. Jour. XVII. 159 (1834). — De Can- dolle, Prodr. VII. 599 (1839). — Hance in Jour. Bot. XVI. 12 (1878). Western Szech'uan: south-east of Tachien-lu, woods, alt. 2300- 3000 m., June and October 1908 (No. 1240; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers white); Tung Valley, alt. 1000-1900 m.. May and July 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 3920, 3921^). Yunnan : vicinity of Mengtze, alt. 1600- 1800 m., A. Henry (Nos. 9623% 10510, 10510% 10510", 11268). This is a common plant in dry woodlands throughout western China. The large, greenish-colored sepals and the leaves narrowed at the base distinguish this variety from the type. The same characters and the much more coriaceous leaves distinguish it from the more widely distributed var. elliptica. y./'.-; ., • ■' • . - ■ : • ■• .r- ■ , , Pieris ovalifolia, var. elliptica Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Andromeda elliptica Siebold & Zuccarini in Ahh. Akad. Miinch. IV. pt. III. 126 {Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. II. 2) (1846). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 532, fig. 346 p-r, 347 e-g (1911). Andromeda ovalifolia Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. Petersbourg XVIII. 50 (non WaUich) (1872); in Mel. Biol. VIII. 620 (1872). ERICACEAE. — PIERIS 553 Pieris ovalifolia Hemsley in Jortr. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 17 (non D. Don) (1889). — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 515 (1900). — Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. For. Jap. II. t. 60 (1908). — Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Injorm. add. ser. X. 154 {Fl. Kwangtung & Hongkong) (1912). Lyonia ovalifolia Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 683 (non Drude) (1910). Western Hupeh : north and south of Ichang, thickets and wood- lands, alt. 1300-2000 m., June and October 1907 (No. 492; bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers white); Patung Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1300-1600 m., July 1907 (No. 492''; bush 2-4 m. tall, flowers white); Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1600-2000 m., July and November, 1907 (No. 3188; bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers white); Changyang Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1300-1600 m., June and November (No. 3189; bush 1.5-3 m. tall, flowers white); without locality, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 1041, 1093); without locality, A. Henry (Nos. 5806% 6128, 7432). Szech'uan: Wa-shan, woods, alt, 1300-2000 m., July and October 1908 (No. 1157; bush 1.5-2 m. tall, flowers white); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, alt. 1600-2300 m., July and November 1908 (No. 1240*; bush 1-2.5 m. tall, flowers white); Mupin, woodlands, alt. 2000 m., June 1908 (No. 3190; bush 1.5-2 m. tall, flowers white); Mt. Omei, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5137), A. von Rosthorn (No. 2138'*). Yunnan: Mengtze, A. Henry (Nos. 9091, 9091''). Chekiang: vicinity of Ningpo, 1908, D. Macgregor; near Han-chow, June 1907, F. N. Meyer (No. 396). This is one of the commonest shrubs in thickets and the margins of pine and oak woods preferring rather dry exposed situations. The smaller fruits and thinner leaves distinguish this plant from the type. In all other characters it is variable. The Japanese form has usually shorter racemes. Pieris villosa Hooker f. apud Clarke in Hooker f., Fl Brit. Ind. III. 461 (1882). — Dunn in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXXIX. 476 (1911). Andromeda villosa WaUich, Cat. No. 762 (nomen nudum) (1828). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, woodlands, alt. 1300-2000 m., June 1908 (No. 3192; bush 1-1.5 m. tall, flowers white); Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2300-2600 m., June 1908 (No. 3193; bush 2-4 m. tall, flowers white); north-east of Tachien-lu, alt. 3000-3300 m., July 7, 1908 (No. 3194; bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers white); without precise locahty, woods, alt. 3300-3700 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3922); vicinity of Tachien-lu, A. E. Pratt (Nos. 189, 475). Common as an undergrowth in pine woods. 554 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Pieris villosa, var. pubescens Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Pieris ovalifolia, var. pubescens Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s6t. 2, X. 44 {PI. David. II. 82) (1887). Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, alt. 2000 m., July 1908 (No. 3191; bush 1 m. tall, flowers white). This variety is chiefly distinguished from the type by its pubescent ovary. Our specimen differs from Franchet's description in the glabrescent calyx; in the speci- mens of typical P. villosa the calyx is rather densely pubescent, but the ovary ia glabrous; this separates Franchet's variety from typical Pieris villosa. GAULTHERIA L. Gaultheria Veitchiana Craib in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LII. 188 (1912). Gaultheria fragrantissima, var. hirsuta Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 44 {PI. David. II. 82) (non Clarke) (1887). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 2300-2800 m., June to August 1908 (No. 829; decumbent shrub, 0.3-1 m. tall, flowers white, fruit indigo blue); south-east of Tachien-lu, thickets, alt. 2600 m., June 1908 (No. 829=^) ; Ching-chi Hsien, Ta-hsiang-ling, alt. 2600-3000 m., August 1908 (No. 829^'; shrub 0.3-0.75 m. tall); west of Kuan Hsien, summit of Niu-tou-shan, alt. 3300 m., June 20, 1908 (No. 2712; shrub 20-30 cm. tall, flowers white); without precise locality, alt. 2000-3300 m., May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3916, type). This species is widely distributed in western Szech'uan, growing on most moun- tain-sides, margins of woods and thickets. Usually the branches are prostrate or nearly so, but occasionally it forms a bush 3 ft. tall. In No. 2712 all the flowers are globose in shape, but otherwise agree with those of the type. Gaultheria Veitchiana is a very charming little shrub with its evergreen leaves, white flowers and indigo-blue fruits. It is in cultivation and is perfectly hardy in England. Gaultheria pyroloides Hooker f. & Thomson apud Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. I. 30 (1864). — Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sd. St. Petershourg, XVIII. 44 (1872). Gaultheria pyrolaefolia Clarke in Hooker f., Ft. Brit. Ind. III. 457 (1882). Wilson's specimens differ distinctly from the type and are referred to the following variety. Gaultheria pyroloides, var. cuneata Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Frutex 15-50 cm. altus; ramuli hornotini dense et minute villosuli, graciles. Folia coriacea, obovata v. oblongo-obovata, rarius oblanceo- ERICACEAE. — GAULTHERIA 555 lata, acutiuscula, mucronata, basi cuneata, 1.5-3 cm. longa et 6-10 mm. lata, crenato-serrata, glabra, supra nitentia, subtus pallidiora paleolis minutis parte conspersa. Racemi puberuli; ovarium sericeo-villo- sulum. Fructus maturesceus coeruleus, demum albus; capsula extus sericeo-villosa. Ceterum ut in typo. Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, wood- lands, on most rocks, alt. 2000-2600 m., July and September 1908 (No. 920, type; shrub 30-45 cm. tall, flowers white, fruit snow-white); Wa-shan, wet rocks, alt. 2000-2800 m., July and September 1908 (No. 920^; shrub 15-45 cm. tall, flowers white, fruit snow-white); Mupin, humus-clad rocks, alt. 2300 m., October 1910 (No. 920^; 15-30 cm. tall, fruit white). This variety ia quite common on humus-clad rocks in moist woods in western Szech'uan. The fruit at first blue becomes snow-white at maturity and is most attractive. From the type it differs chiefly in its narrower cuneate and acutish leaves, in the more pubescent branchlets and in the villose ovary and capsule. Gaultheria nummularioldes D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 150 (1825). — WalHch, Cat. No. 1524 (1828). — Royle, III. 260, t. 63, fig. 2 (1839). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. III. 457 (1882). — Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 44 (PL David. II. 82) (1887). Gaultheria repens Blume, Bijd. Fl. Nederl. Ind. 857 (1826). Gaultheria Nummulariae De Candolle, Prodr. VII. 592 (1839). Gaultheria Griffith, Icon. PL As. t. 518, fig. 2 (1854). Pernettya repens Zollinger, Cat. No. 138 (1854). Western Szech'uan: Wa-shan, woodlands, alt. 2300-2600 m., September 1908 (No. 924; prostrate over rocks, fruit blue-black); south-east of Tachien-lu, alt. 2600-3000 m., October 1910 (No. 4124; creeping shrub, fruits black); without precise locality, alt. 2500 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3911). This species is rather common in moist shady places growing on humus-clad rocks, old tree trunks and mossy banks, Gaultheria nummularioides, var. elliptica Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Fruticulus prostratus ramis saepe adscendentibus. Folia elliptica V. ovato-elliptica, acuta mucronataque, basi late cuneata, 8-10 mm. longa et 3.5-5.5 mm. lata, nervis supra impressis et venulis leviter impressis. Ceterum ut in typo. Western Szech'uan: Hung-ya Hsien, near Wa-wu-shan, on moist rocks, alt. 1000 m., September 8, 1908 (No. 2708). 556 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA The elliptic leaves cuneate at the base readily distinguishes this variety from the type. Here may be added the following rare species which was not collected during the Arboretum Expedition. Gaultheria trichophyUa Royle, III. 260, t. 63, fig. 3 (1839). — De CandoUe, Prodr. VII. 592 (1839). — Clarke m Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. III. 457 (1882). — Dunn in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXXIX. 451 (1911). Western Szech'uan : without precise locahty, alt. 4600 m., July 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3915; flowers white, fruit blue); vicinity of Tachien-lu, A. E. Pratt (No. 833). A very rare plant occurring in the forests west of Tachien-lu. Clarke (1. c.) says the pedicels are densely clothed with ovate bracts but in Royle's figure, as in the specimens before us, the pedicels are naked except for two bracteoles imme- diately below the calyx. The fruits and leaves are slightly larger than they are described by Clarke and each anther-cell has two straight, recurved awns, not one as figured for the Indian form. ARCTOUS Niedenz.i Arctous alpinus Niedenzu in Bot. Jahrb. XI. 180 (1889). — Schneider, III Handb. Lauhholzk. II. 545, fig. 356 l-r (1911). Arbutus alpina Linnaeus, Sp. PI. 395 (1753). — Sowerby, Eng. Bot. XXIX. t. 2030 (1809). Mairania alpina Desvaux in Jour, de Bot. I. 37 (1813). — Britton & Brown, III. Fl. II. 573, fig. 2777 (1897). Arctostaphylos alpina Sprengel, Syst. II. 287 (1825). — Hallier, Fl. Deutsch. XX. 112, t. 2041 (1885). Arctous alpinus, var. ruber Rehder & Wilson, n. var. A typo recedit fructu rubro. Western Szech'uan: north-east of Sungpan, by the side of stream rich in calcareous deposits, near Temple of Wang-lung-shih, alt. 3300 m., August 22, 1910 (No. 4025; shrub 10-15 cm. tall, fruit globose, scarlet). The discovery of this circumpolar plant in western China is very interesting. The same variety with red fruit occurs in north-western North America (Alberta : Sulphur Mts. near Banff, August 8, 1904, and Lake Louise near Laggan, August 12, 1904, Alfred Rehder). It seems to be the common form of western North America, as the following references kindly furnished us by Professor M. L. Femald tend to show: Richard- son, Arct. Searching Exped. 533 (1851) : " Arctostaphylos alpina . . . There are » Britton & Brown, III. Fl. II. 572 (1897) take up Mairania Necker, Elem. Bot. I. 219 (1790) as the oldest generic name of this genus. Mairania, however, must be referred as a synonym to Arctostaphylos Adanson (1763); its type species is Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Linnaeus) Sprengel, as Necker's quotation "Quaed. Arbut. Linn. Uva ursi Tournef." clearly shows, and also his description of the fruit as " drupa . . . loculis singuhs nucleum foventibus." ERICACEAE. — VACCINIUM 557 two varieties, one with bright red and more juicy fruit . , . The two kinds are exactly alike in foliage." Macoun, Cat. Canad. PI. I. 294 (1883) : " Both Hooker and Gray state that the berries of this species are black, on the contrary, those on specimens obtained on Anticosti and the Rocky Mountains are bright red." Stewardson Brown, Alp. Fl. Canad. Rocky Mts. 215 (1907) : " berry bright scarlet." The plant of eastern North America has bluish black fruit like that of Europe. There seems to be also a difference in foliage : the leaves of the red-fruited variety, both in the Asiatic and American specimens, are thinner and larger, while those of the typical form are smaller and of firmer texture. VACCINIUM L. Subgen. EPIGYNIUM Drude. Vaccinium Donianum Wight, Icon. t. 1191 (1850). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. III. 453 (1882). Vaccinium affine Wight, Icon. IV. t. 1190 (1850). Epigynium affine Klotzsch in Linnaea, XXIV. 50 (1851). Epigynium Donianum Klotzsch (1. c.) 51. Vaccinium mandarinorum Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 516 (1900). Kiangsi : Ruling, side of streams and in thickets, alt. 1300 m., July 1907 (Nos. 1700, 1701, 1704; shrubs 1-2 m. tall). Western Hupeh: Patung Hsien, woods, alt. 1300-1600 m., August 1907 (No. 2705; bush 2.5-4 m. tall, flowers white) ; Changyang Hsien, woods, alt. 1300 m., July 1907 (No. 2706; bush 1.5-2 m. tall, flowers white); Patung Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1300-1600 m., June 1907 (No. 2710; bush 2-3 m. tall, flowers white); same loeahty, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1010); without locality, A. Henry (Nos. 3918, 4526, 6129, 7660 in part, and 5807'', type of V. mandarinorum Diels). Western Szech'uan: Mt. Omei, May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5134). Yunnan: Szemao, mountains, A. Henry (Nos. 11626, 11917, 12745). This is an exceedingly variable plant, common in woodlands and thickets. The leaves vary in size and shape, and the shoots and racemes from glabrous to pu- bescent; the pedicels vary in length from 2-10 mm. and are glabrous or pubescent; in No. 1010 the calyx is also sparsely pubescent. With the large scries of specimens before us we cannot distinguish between the common Chinese and Indian forms. Diels' type of V. mandarinorum {Henry No. 5807*') seems to us identical with Wight's figure, which constitutes the type of V. Donianum; probably comparisons were made between some of the Hookerian specimens and not with the type figures. Clarke (Hooker f. Fl. Brit. Ind. III. 453) cites Agapetes Sprengelii G. Don. {Gen. Syst. III. 862 [1834]) as a s^-nonym of V. Donianum Wight, and the same view is taken in the Index Kewensiii. In this case "Sprengelii" would be the oldest 558 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Bpecific name. Don's description, however, does not agree very well with Wight's figure. As a specific name Sprengelii is somewhat involved. There is a Vac- cinium Sprengelii Wallich, Cat. No. 6296 which is referred to Agapetes obovata by Clarke and the Index Kewensis. Also a Vaccinium Sprengelii Hort. which is re- ferred to V. Myrsiniiis in the Index Kewensis. As there would appear to be some doubt, if Don's Agapetes Sprengelii is identical with Wight's Vaccinium Donianum, and as the name Sprengelii is connected with two other plants of this group it ap- pears to us best to retain Wight's name for the species as was done by Clarke (1. c.) and in the Index Kewensis. Vaccinium Donianum, var. laetimi Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Vaccinium laetum Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 516 (1900). Western Szech'uan : Kiating Fu, thickets, alt. 300 m., May 1908 (No. 2707; bush 2-3 m., flowers white); without precise locahty, banks of Yangtsze river, May 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3918); without locahty, alt. 1500 m.. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3918^). The rather small, sharply serrate leaves, short racemes and twiggy branches distinguish this variety which, however, is very near some of the extreme forms of the type. It is a low-level and a rather uncommon plant. Vaccinium Carlesii Dunn resembles this variety but has a much smaller and a differently shaped corolla. Vaccinium iteophyllum Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. s^r. 4, XVIII. 223 (1862). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 15 (1889). — Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform, add. ser. X. 153 {Fl. Kwangtung & Hongkong) (1912). Fokien: without locality, 1905, Dunn's Exped. (Herb. Bot. Gard. Hongkong, No. 2877). Yunnan: Szemao, forests, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (Nos. 11648, 11648'*). In Henry's specimens the leaves are only shghtly and irregularly serrate. Vaccinium iteophyllum, var. fragrans Rehder & Wilson, n. var. A typo recedit foliis oblanceolatis v. rarius lanceolatis, 6-10 cm. longis et 2.5-3.5 cm. latis leviter et remote serrulatis subtus sparsius pubescentibus demum glabrescentibus, inflorescentia sparsius pu- bescente, antheris aristatis. Western Hupeh : Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1000-1300 m,, rare, June 4, 1907 (No. 2704; bush 2.5 m. tall, flowers snow-white, fragrant). The larger, very slightly toothed leaves and aristate anthers distinguish this variety. Vaccinium bracteatum Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 156 (1784). — De Can- dolle, Prodr. VII. 573 (1839). — Siebold & Zuccarini in Ahh. Akad. ERICACEAE. — VACCINIUM 559 Miinch. IV. pt. III. 129 (Fl Jap. Fam. II. 5) (1846). — Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. II. 160 (1865-1866). — Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, XVIII. 42 (1872); in Mel. Biol. VIII. 608 (1872). — Franchet & Savatier, Enum. PI. Jap. I. 282 (1875).— Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s^r. 2, VI. 75 (PL David. I. 195 (1883)).— Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 14 (1889).— Shirasawa, Ico7i. Ess. For. Jap. II. t. 61, fig. 11-22 (1908). — Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. Add. ser. X. 153 {Fl. Kwangtung & Hong- kong) (1912). Andromeda chinensis Loddiges, Bot. Cah. XVII. t. 1648 (1830). Vaccinium chinense Champion in Hooker's Kew Jour. Bot. IV. 297 (1852). — Bentham, Fl. Hongk., 199 (1861). Vaccinium Donianum, var. elliplica Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. II. 161 (1865-1866). Vaccinium Oldhamii Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. II. 161 (1865-1866). Kiangsi: Kuling, side of streams, alt. 1300 m., July 29, 1907 (No. 1702; dense bush 1-1.5 m. tall, flowers white). Western Hupeh: Nanto and mountains to northward, A. Henry (No. 3067). Chekiang: vicinity of Ningpo, 1908, D. Macgregor. Korea: Quelpaert, Taquet (Nos. 1083, 1084, 4304); same locality, U. Faurie (No. 660). This variable species is very common on the Lushan range near Kuling, but is rare in western Hupeh. We have before us the type specimen of Vaccinium Wrightii Gray (in Mem. Am. Acad. n. ser. VI. 398 [1858-1859]), which Hemsley (in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 14 [1889]) reduces to Vaccinium bracteatum Thunberg. Gray's species constitutes a well-marked variety of that species, readily distinguished by its long pedicels (8-11 mm.) and glabrous calyx. It may be distinguished as Vaccinium bracteatum, var. Wrightii Rehder & Wilson, n. var. Specimen collected at South Cape, Formosa, by A. Henry (Nos. 591, 636, 947) belong to this variety. The type was collected at Orisima, Liu-kiu Islands, Wright (No. 170 in Herb. Gray). Vaccinium fragile Franchet in Jour, de Bot. IX. 366 (1895). Vaccinium setosum Wright in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1896, 24. Western Szech'uan: south-east of Tachien-lu, rocks and arid places, alt. 1300-2000 m., June and September 1908 (No. 1079; bush 14-30 cm. tall, flowers salmon-red, fruit black); without precise lo- cality, pine woods, alt. 1000-1600 m.. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3917; shrub 20-45 cm. tall, flowers white); June 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3917"). Yunnan: Mengtze, grassy mountains, alt. 2100 m., A. Henry (No. 10904). 560 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Some of our specimens agree with Franchet's variety a. crinita, others with his j8. myrtifolia; others are intermediate between these varieties. The leaves vary- considerably in shape even on the same shoots as does the development of setae and pubescence. With the evidence before us we do not think the above varieties of Franchet should be retained. Vaccinmm setosum Wright is identical and was probably described without knowledge of Franchet's name. Vaccinium Dunalianum Wight, Icon. IV. t. 1194 (1850). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. III. 453 (1882). — Dunn in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXXIX. 503 (1911). Epigynium Dunalianum Klotzsch in Linnaea, XXIV. 51 (1851). Thibaudia revoluta Griffith, Icon. PI. As. IV. t. 513 (1854). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, on rocks, alt. 1000-1300 m., Octo- ber 1910 (No. 4294; bush 1-3 m. tall, fruit black); Mt. Omei, June 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5138; bush 6 m. tall). Yunnan : Mengtze, alt. 2000 m., A. Henry (Nos. 9170, 9170^, 9170'); Yuan-chiang, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (No. 13404). This is a very rare plant in Szech'uan, differing in no marked manner from the typical Indian form. A new variety of this species is the following: Vaccinium Dunalianum, var. urophyllum, Rehder & Wilson, n. var. A typo recedit ramulis hornotinis breviter denseque villosulis, foliis ellipticis, subito caudato-acuminatis, costa venisque utrinque elevatis conspicuis, costa sub- tus et petiolis villosulis. Yunnan: Mengtze, mountains to the south-east, in forests, A. Henry (No. giTO"). This variety is easily distinguished by the puberulous shoots and petioles and the long-caudate leaves. Vaccinium urceolatum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 16 (1889). Western Szech'uan: Hung-ya Hsien, on red-sandstone rocks, alt. 800 m., June and October, 1908 (No. 1072, in part; bush 60 cm.- 2 m. tall, flowers pink, fruits black) ; Wa-shan, on rocks, alt. 2000-2600 m., October 1908 (No. 1072, in part; bush 1-2 m. tall, fruit black). Mt. Omei, June and November 1904 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 3924, 5136); This plant is common in the above localities and is partial to sandstone boulders. Vaccinium moupinense Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 43 {PI. David. II. 81) (1887). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, on cliffs and tree-trunks, alt. 2300-2800 m., June and November 1908 (No. 1259; bush 60-120 cm. tall, flowers rose-pink, fruit black) ; same locality, alt. 2300-2600 m., ERICACEAE. — VACCINIUM 561 October 1910 (No. 4320; shrub GO-75 cm. tall, fruit purple-black); without locaUty, alt. 2600 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3914). This species is very common as an epiphyte on old trees, and is also frequently found growing on humus-clad rocks and cliffs. In our specimens the flowers are rose-pink, the leaves are cuneate at the base and the plants grow to a larger size than those described by Franchet. In this subgenus also belongs the following undescribed species: Vaccinium viburnoides Rehdor & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 30-60 cm. altus ramis crassiusculis; ramuli homotini leviter angulati, initio sparse puberuli, mox glabri, annotini flavido-cinerei, vetustiores brunneo- grisei, lenticellati. Folia coriacea, ovalia v. obovata v. elliptica, acutiuscula v. rotundata, basi late cuneata, crenato-serrulata dentibus adpressis mucrone calloso incurvo, saepe infra medium Integra, 3.5-5.5 longa et 2-3 cm. lata, supra laete viridia, nitentia rugulosa, ad costam mediam puberula, subtus pallidiora, glabra, nervis utrinsecus 5-6, ut costa supra impressis subtus elevatis; petioli crassi, 3-4 mm. longi, interdum puberuli. Racemi terminales et axillares in apice ramulorum con- gest!, breves, 5-8-flori; rhachis crassiuscula, puberula, 8-12 mm. longa; bracteae deciduae, membranaceae coloratae, late ovales v. ovatae 7-8 mm. longae, acutae v. obtusae, ciliolatae; bracteolae similes, sed minores, deciduae; pedicelli 3-5 mm. longi, glabri; calyx glaber tubo hemisphaerico, lobis latissimis rotundatis circiter 0.7 mm. longis ciliolatis; corolla urceolata, circiter 6 mm. longa, salmoneo-rosea, extus intusque glabra, lobis minutis recurvis intus puberulis; stamina corolla breviora, filamentis basi dilatatis pilosis, antheris 2.5 mm. longis dorso breviter bicalcaratis; stylus stamina superans, inclusus, glaber, rectus, cylindricus, stigmate leviter capitato. Fructus maturus desideratur. Western Szech'uan: without precise locality, July 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 3923). This is a very distinct species and is not closely related to any Chinese or Indian species. Its nearest relative is perhaps the variable Vaccinium Leschenaultii Wight which, however, is a much taller growing plant with less coriaceous leaves, thinner branches, longer racemes, shorter pedicels, and rather differently shaped flowers and calyx-teeth. Vaccinium viburnoides is a very rare plant, having been collected only once. Also the recently described Vucciniuyn Wardii Adamson (in Jour. Hot. LI. 130 [1913]) belongs according to its author in this subgenus, but we suspect that it is not a Vaccinium at all, but identical with or very near to Gaulthcria Veitchiana Craib with which the rather unsatisfactory description fairly well agrees. Subgen. EUVACCINIUM A. Gray. Vaccinium Henryi Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 15 (1889). — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 516 (1900). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1000-1600 m., September 1907 (No. 2703; bush 1-3 m. tall, fruit black); without locaHty, July 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1491); without locality, A. Henry (Nos. 4826, 6829, 6623, 5911, 4703, 7937). This plant is fairly common in oak woods in western Hupeh. 562 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Subgen. OXYCOCCUS Hook. Vaccinium japonicum Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. I. 28 (1863- 1864). — Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, XVIII. 40 (1870); in Mel. Biol. VIII. 604 (1872). — Franchet and Savatier, Enum. Fl. Jap. I. 280 (1875). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 16 (1889). — Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 683 (1910). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. II. 561 (1911). Western Hupeh: Changyang, woodlands, alt. 1300 m., October 1907 (No. 244; shrub 30-60 cm. tall, fruit dark scarlet); without locality, August 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1621); without locality, A. Henry (Nos. 6021, 6431% 2826). Eastern Szech'uan: north Wushan, A. Henry (No. 6431). Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, woodlands, alt. 1300-2000 m., October 1908 (No. 971; bush 30-60 cm., fruit red). This species is common in dry situations in open woods of Pine and Oak. The Chinese plant appears to have usually narrower leaves than the Japanese plant. LOGANIACEAE. Determined by Alfred Rehder and E. H. Wilson. GARDNERIA Wall. Gardneria multiflora Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XV. 103 (1901). Gardneria nutans Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 121 (non Siebold & Zuccarini) (1890). — Dials in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 534 (1900). Gardneria multiflora Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. VI. 53 (nomen nudum) (1892). Pseudogardneria multiflora Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 691 (1910). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 300-1000 m., July 1907 (No. 1941; scandent shrub 2-3 m., flowers white); without locality, A. Henry (No. 6016). Western Szech'uan: near Wa- shan, thickets, alt. 1300 m., September 1908 (No. 2958; climber, 3 m.); without locality, July 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4810). Yunnan: Mengtze, mountains south-west, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (No. 958P; large climber, fruit red). This is a rather common low-Ievel climber in western Hupeh and Szech'uan. Our specimens differ from Makino's description only in the perfectly glabrous style. The leaves vary considerably in size, and in some specimens are as large as those of G. ovata Wallich. Besides this species there occurs in China one other undescribed species, the de- scription of which is given below with a short note on the genus Pseudogardneria. Gardneria lanceolata Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex scandens, glaberrimus, ramis ramulisque teretibus. Folia subcoriacea, lanceolata v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata, integra, 6-9 cm. longa et 1-2.5 cm. lata, supra atroviridia, nitentia, subtus pallidiora, nervis utrinsecus 5-7 inconspicuis; petioli subteretes, 5-10 mm. longi. Flores axillares, in parte inferiore ramulorum plerumque ex axillis bractearum subulatarum vix 1 cm. longorum orientes, plerumque solitarii, albi, pentameri; pedicelli 1.5-2 cm. longi, circa medium bi- v. uni-bracteolati, bracteolis minutis subulatis acuminatis; calyx persistens, cupularis, lobis rotundatis breviter subito acuminulatis minute cilio- latis; corolla caduca, rotata, tubo 1 mm. longo, lobis 5, lanceolatis acutis reflexis, 8 mm. longis et 2-3 mm. latis, antheris fere sessilibus glabris 7 mm. longis, bilocu- laribus, in tubum connatis; ovarium globosum, glabrum; stylus cylindricus, 7 mm. longus, stigmate indistincte bilobo fusco. Fructus non visus. Western Szech'uan: without precise locality, July 1901 (Veitch Exped. No. 4809). 563 564 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Gardneria lanceolata is most nearly related to G. ovata Wallich which is easily distinguished by its broader leaves, several-flowered peduncles and tetramerous flowers with shorter and broader petals and shorter anthers of a different structure; from all the other species it differs in its connate anthers. The structure of the androecium in this new species seems to show that the combination of characters on which Raciborsld rehed, when he separated Pseu- dogardneria from Gardneria proper, is not constant; for G. lanceolata has the con- nate anthers of typical Gardneria, but they are two-celled and the flowers five-merous as in Pseudogardneria. We have therefore retained Gardneria in its older and wider conception. BUDDLEIA L. Buddleia Lindleyana Fortune apud Lindley in Bot. Reg. XXX. Misc. Notes, 25 (1844); in Bot. Reg. XXXII. t. 4 (1846).— Paxton, Mag. Bot. XIV. t. 5 (1848). — Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 231 (1861). — Moore in Jour. Bot. XVI. 138 (1878). — Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, ser. 3, XXVI. 495 (1880); in Mel. Biol. X. 674 (1880). — Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, VI. 90 {PI. David. I. 210) (1883). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 119 (1889). — Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bidl. Misc. Inform, add. ser. X. 174 (Fl. Kwang- tung and Hongkong) (1912). — Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not. Syst. II. 186 (1912). Kiangsi: Kiukiang, roadsides, alt. 100 m., July 27, 1907 (No. I5i6;bush 1-2 m. tall, flowers purple). Western Szech'uan: near Wa-shan, valley of Tung river, alt. 1000-1300 m., July and November 1908 (No. 1375*; bush 1-1.5 m. tall, flowers dark red); without precise locality, banks of the Yangtsze, June 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 4116). Kiangsu: Shanghai, Faher. Fokien: without locality, Dunn's Exped. 1905 (Herb. Bot. Gard. Hongkong, No. 2930). Buddleia Lindleyana, var. sinuato-dentata Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 120 (1889).— Dop in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, LVII. Mem. XIX. 9 (1910). — Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not. Syst. II. 186 (1912). Western Szech'uan : Yachou Fu, thickets, alt. 600-1300 m., July and November 1908 (No. 1375; bush 1-1.5 m. tall, flowers very dark red). Western Hupeh: without locality, A. Henry (No. 3979). This very distinct looking variety is much less common than the type and is usually found at greater altitudes. The leaves in our specimen are very large (9.5 cm. long, 4.5 cm. wide).^ 1 A species apparently closely allied to B. Lindleyana is the following: Buddleia yunnanensis L. F. Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not. Syst. II. 192 (1912). Yunnan: without precise locahty [probably near Szemao] Bons d'Anty (No. LOGANIACEAE. — BUDDLEIA 565 Buddleia officinalis Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, s^r. 3, XXVI. 496 (1880); in Mel. Biol. X. 675 (1880). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 120 (1890). — Oliver in Hooker's Icon. XX. t. 1972 (1891). — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 535 (1900); in Wiss. Ergeb. Exped. Filchner China Tibet, X. 262 (1908).— Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 691 (1910). — Dop in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, LVII. Mem. XIX. 8 (1910). —Garc?. Chron. ser. 3, XLIX. 201 (1911). — Wright in Bot. Mag. CXXXVII. t. 8401 (1911).— Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not. Syst. II. 187 (1912). Buddleia madagascariensis Hance in Jour. Bot. XX. 37 (non Lamarck) (1882). Western Hupeh: Ichang, cliffs, etc., alt. 30-600 m., March 1907 (No. 844; bush 1-2.5 m., flowers lilac, orange eye, fragrant); same lo- cahty, March 24, 1908 (No. 4005) ; Ichang and neighborhood, March 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 155); without locality, A. Henry (Nos. 1117, 3110, 7884). In western Hupeh and in Szech'uan this is a common shrub in rocky places up to 1000 m. altitude. It is very floriferous, fragrant and ornamental. Buddleia stenostachya Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2-3-metralis ; ramuli hornotini leviter quadrangulati v. fere teretes, tomento floccoso albido dense obtecti. Folia membranacea, lanceolato-oblonga v. lanceolato-ovata, longe acuminata, basi cuneata, 12-20 cm. longa et 3-6 cm. lata, plerumque crenato-serrata dentibus mucronulatis, rarius fere Integra, supra obscure viridia, glabra v. fere glabra, subtus tomento lanuginoso albido dense obtecta, costa ve- nisque supra impressis subtus elevatis; petioli tomentosi, 8-10 mm. longi. Paniculae plerumque tres in apice ramulorum, lateralibus saepe terminali longioribus, anguste cylindricae, 15-45 cm. longae et 2-5 cm. diam., tomentosae, e cymis congestis paucifloris breviter pedun- culatis compositae; flores subsessiles; calyx 2.5-3.5 cm. longus, extus tomentosus, dentibus ovato-lanceolatis acutis erectis; corolla lilacina 437 ex Gagnepain) ; Szemao, forests, alt. 1500 m., A. Henry (No. 12214; shrub 1 m., flowers Ulac). Henry's specimen seems to differ slightly from the type of this species which we have not seen; the calyx does not reach quite to the middle of the corolla-tube, the leaves are slightly narrower and somewhat sinuately dentate and the inflores- cence is shorter, not exceeding 4 cm. in the specimen before us. Buddleia yunnanen- s^is seems most closely related to B. Lindleyana Fortime, but is easily distinguished from that species by its shorter straight corolla, by the larger calyx reaching about to the middle of the corolla tube and by the dense and short inflorescence. 566 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA fauce aurantiaco, extus pubescens v. tomentosa, tubo cylindrico intus supra medium villoso circiter 8 mm. longo, lobis rotundatis erecto- patentibus planis vix 2 mm. longis; stamina inter medium et apicem tubi inserta, antheris subsessilibus oblongis circiter 0.5 mm. longis; ovarium ovoideum, villosum basi excepta; stylus vix medium tubi attingens, glaber, 1 mm. longus, stigmate clavato. Capsula cylindrico- oblonga, acuta, 8-10 mm. longa et 2 mm. diam., tomentosa, corolla persistente partim inclusa et stylo persistente coronata; semina fusiformia, 2.8-3 mm. longa, nigra. Western Szech'uan : Mupin, thickets, alt. 1300-1600 m., October 1908 (No. 1351, type). Cultivated at the Arnold Arboretum, Septem- ber 10, 1912 (flowering specimens). This new species seems most closely related to B. officinalis Maximowicz which differs chiefly in its broader and shorter panicles and shorter ovoid obtuse capsules. In general appearance it somewhat resembles Buddleia nivea Duthie, which has a much shorter corolla with the anthers affixed immediately below the mouth, a relatively long calyx and short, stout fruit. Buddleia asiatica Loureiro, Fl Cochin. 72 (1790). — Bentham in De Candolle, Prodr. X. 446 (1846); FL Hongk. 231 (1862). — Hance in Jour. Linn. Soc. XIII. 112 (1873). — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. CIII. t. 6323 (1877). — Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petershourg, ser. 3, XXVI. 495 (1880); in Mel. Biol X. 674 (1880). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. IV. 82 (1883). — Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 119 (1889). — Wilson in Flora & Sylva, III. 336 (1905).— Berger in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XXXIX. 106, fig. 44 (1906).— Garden, LXIX. 89, fig. (1906). — Dop in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, LVII. Mem. XIX. 8 (1910). — Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform, add. ser. X. 174 (Fl. Kwangtung and Hongkong) (1912). — Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not. Syst. II. 189 (1912). Buddleia salicina Lamarck, III. I. 291 (1791). Buddleia Neemda Buchanan-Hamilton apud Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. I. 411 (1820). — WalUch, Cat. No. 6401 (1828). — Hance in Jour. Linn. Soc. XIII. 112 (1873). Buddleia serrulata Roth, Nov. PI. Sp. 82 (1821). Buddleia discolor Roth, Nov. PI. Sp. 83 (1821). — Wight, Icon. III. t. 894 (1843-1850). Buddleia subserrata D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 92 (1825). Buddleia acuminatissima Blume, Bijd. Fl. Ned. Ind. 743 (1826). Buddleia virgata Blanco, Fl. Filip. 57 (1837). Eastern Szech'uan: Wan Hsien, banks of Yangtsze river, sandy places, alt. 30-300 m., March and April 1908 (No. 3362; bush 1-2 m. LOGANIACEAE. — BUDDLEIA 567 tall, flowers white, fragrant). Hupeh: without locahty, A. Henry (No. 3456). Yunnan: vicinity of Mengtze, ravines, alt. 1500- 1600 m., A. Henry (Nos. 10443, 10443^ 10443"=); Che-yuan, A. Henry (No. 10443"^); Szemao, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (Nos. 10,443^ 11679). Formosa: south Cape, A. Henry (No. 200); Tamsui, 1903 N. Faurie (No. 465). Not common in western China; occurring as a river-bank shrub on the sandy reaches of the Yangtsze and its affluents up to 500 m. altitude. A picture of this shrub in bloom will be found under No. 0227 of the collection of Wilson's photographs. Buddleia Davidii Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 2, X. 65 {PL David. II. 103) (1887). — Gagnepain in Lecomte, Not. Syst. II. 188 (1912). Buddleia variabilis Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 120 (1889). — Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. CXXIV. t. 7609 (1898). — Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 535 (1900). — Henry in Rev. Hort. 383, figs. 166-167 (384). — Wilson in Flora & Sylva, III. 339 (1905).— Pampanini in Nuov.Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. XVII. 691 (1910). — Dop in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, LVII. M^m. XIX. 9 (1910). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 845, fig. 530 f-g, 531 d-i (1912). Western Hupeh: north and south of Ichang, by the side of streams, alt. 1300-2000 m., August and September (No. 613*; bush 1-2.5 m. tall, flowers purple); Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1300- 2300 m., August and October 1907 (No. 3347; bush 1.5-2 m. tall, flowers purple); without locality, A. Henry (Nos. 4166*, 3285). Eastern Szech'uan: south Wushan, July 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1347, in part). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, side of streams, alt. 2300 m,, August 1908 (No. 3349; bush 1-2 m., flowers purple); west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, side of streams, alt. 1300-2000 m. July 1908 (No. 3350; bush 2 m. tall, flowers rose-purple); Tachien-lu, roadside thickets, alt. 1600-2600 m., June 1908 (No. 3355; bush 1.5- 2 m. tall, flowers light purple) ; Mt. Omei, 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 5038); Min Valley, alt. 2100 m., August 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 4120); Nanch'uan, A. von Rosthorn (Nos. 438, 3007). Buddleia Davidii, var. magnifica Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Buddleia variabilis magnifica Wilson in Flora & Sylva, III. 340, fig. (1905). — Garden, LXIX. 278, fig. (1906). -De Corte in Rev. Hort. Beige, XXXIII. 281, fig. (1907). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 846 (1912). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, thickets, alt. 1600-2300 m., July 1907 (No. 613, flowering shoot only; bush 2 m. tall, flowers 568 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA vinous-purple, fragrant); Patung Hsien, side of streams, alt. 1300- 2000 m., August 1907 (No. 3346; bush 1.5-2.5 m. tall, flowers rosy- purple, fragrant); without locality, June 1900 (Veitch Exped. No. 1249), ^. //enry (No. 7008). Western Szech'uan: Lungan Fu, Tu-ti-hang-shan, alt. 1800 m., August 1910 (No. 4639; bush 2-2.5 m. tall, flowers violet-purple). This is the handsomest of all the varieties and is distinguished by its large, bright, violet-purple flowers with a deep orange eye and by the always reflexed mar- gins of the petals. The panicles are long and densely flowered. This variety is a conspicuous feature in August by the sides of mountain streams up to 2000 m. alti- tude. A picture of this shrub will be found under No. 0256 of Wilson's collection of photographs. Buddleia Davidii, var. superba Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Buddleia variabilis, var. superba De Corte in Rev. Hort. Beige, XXXV. 12 fig. (1909). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, side of stream, alt. 1600- 2300 m., October 1907 (No. 613, fruiting branch only; bush 2 m. tall). Western Szech'uan: Mupin, thickets, alt. 2000-2600 m., September 1908 (No. 3352; bush 1.5-2 m. tall, flowers purple, fragrant). This variety is distinguished by its extremely dense flowered panicles and flat corolla lobes, fimbriated but not reflexed on the margins. The habit is erect and arching, and the flowers are rose-purple with a deep orange eye. Buddleia Davidii, var. Wilsonii Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Buddleia variabilis, var. Wilsonii Hort in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XXXVI. 155 (nomen nudum) (1904). — Wilson in Flora & Sylva, III. 340, (1905).— Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 847 (1912). Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1600-2000 m., August 1907 (No. 3348; bush 2.5 m. tall, flowers lilac-purple). This variety is distinguished by its long, rather laxly flowered pendant panicles and sub-erect corolla lobes, with crinkled and reflexed margins. The internodes are very long, the leaves long and tapering, and the flowers larger than those of any other variety and of a bright rose-lilac color. Buddleia Davidii, var. alba Rehder & Wilson, n. var. A typo recedit floribus albis, foliis anguste lanceolatis utrinque angustatis 6-7 cm. longis et 10-12 mm. latis, minute serrulatis. Western Szech'uan: Lungan Fu, Tu-ti-liang-shan, alt. 1800 m., August 1910 (No. 4638; one bush only was seen). LOGANIACEAE. — BUDDLEIA 569 Buddleia albiflora Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 118 (1889). — Wilson in Flora & Sylva, III. 335 (1905). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 845, fig. 530 d (1912). Buddleia Hemsleyana Koehne in Gartenfl. LII. 170 (1903). — Wilson in Flora & Sylva, III. 337 (1905). Buddleia albiflora, var. Hemsleyana Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 845, fig. 530 e (1912). Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1600 m., July 1907 (No. 3360; bush 1-1.5 m. tall, flowers lilac); same locality, alt. 1600- 2500 m., August 1907 (No. 3361; bush 2.5 m. tall, flowers Hlac); Hsing- shan Hsien, 2000 m., July 1907 (No. 3361^; bush 1-2.5 m. tall, flowers lilac); north and south of Ichang, alt. 1300-2300 m., July 1907 (No. 3361^; bush 1-3 m. tall, flowers pale lilac, orange eye); Changyang Hsien, thickets, alt. 1600-2500 m., July 1907 (No. 3361°; bush 3 m. tall, flowers lilac-pink); without locality, July 1901 (Veitch Exped. Nos. 2247, 2247*), A. Henry (Nos. 156% 2351 in part, 4689, 6193). Owing to inaccurate information supplied by one of Henry's Chinese coUectore, this plant was originally described as a tree 20-30 ft. tall, with white flowere, whereas it is a bush never exceeding 4 m. in height and the flowers are always lilac colored. It is a variable species but may be easily distinguished from B. Davidii Franchet which has four-angled stems by its round stems and small flowers, with the stamens inserted immediately below the mouth of the corolla- tube. Buddleia Hemsleyana Koehne differs only in the usually pubescent caljoc; in this and in other respects it is intermediate between the type and the var. Giraldii. Koehne describes his plant without an orange-colored corolla throat but in speci- mens from cultivated plants before us we find this color present but covered by the zone of villose hairs. To us the differences seem too slight to warrant the separation of Koehne's plant from Hemsley's Buddleia albiflora. Buddleia albiflora is a common shrub in the mountain thickets up to 2500 m., especially in open, moist situations. Henry's No. 10915, a fruiting specimen, from Mengtze, Yunnan, probably belongs here. Buddleia albiflora, var. Giraldii Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Bvddleia Giraldii Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIX. 535 (1900). Western Szech'uan: Lungan Fu, Tu-ti-liang-shan, upland, thickets and open grassy places, alt. 2000-2600 m., August 1910 (Nos. 4640, 4641; bushes 1-2.5 m. tall, flowers lilac); without pre- cise locality, alt. 1300 m., August 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 4117. Shensi : "Mte. Kan-y-qua," July 1897, and " Ta-sce-tsuen," Septem- ber 1897, G. Giraldi. Central China: without locality, Hugh Scallan. 570 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA The flowers, shoots and under surface of the leaves of this plant are covered with a fulvous-gray, rather loose tomentum which readily distinguishes this variety from the type.^ Buddleia nivea Duthie in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, XXXVIII. 275, fig. 102 (1905). — Wilson in Flora & Sylva, III. 339 (1905). — Bean in Kew Bull Misc. Inform. 1910, 392. — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauh- holzk. II. 844, fig. 530 h, 531 b-c (1912). Western Szeeh'uan: Wa-shan, thickets, alt. 1300-2000 m., August 1908 (No. 3358; bush 1.5-2.5 m. tall, flowers purple); south- east of Tachien-lu, Tung valley, alt. 1300-2000 m., August 1908 (No. 3356; bush 1-1.5 m. tall, flowers hlac purple); Wa-shan, alt. 2000- 2600 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 4121 and seed No. 1428, type). A rather rare plant. Duthie describes the calyx as one-third the length of the corolla-tube, whereas, as shown in the figure accompanying his description, it is half as long as the corolla-tube. Buddleia nivea, var. yunnanensis Rehder & Wilson, n. comb. Buddleia macrostachya, var. yunnanensis Dop in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, LVII. M6m. XIX. 7 (1910). ^ An alHed species is the following: Buddleia alata Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2-metralis; ramuli homotini sparse stellato-pilosi quadrialati alls ad 1.5 mm. latis. Folia membranacea, lanceolata v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata, serrata dentibus late triangularibus v. rotundatis mucronatis, 14- 28 cm. longa et 4-7 cm. lata, supra laete viridia, glabra, subtua tomento fulvo- cinereo tenui obtecta costa media glabrescente excepta, costa nervis venuUs supra leviter impressis subtus elevatis; petioU fulvo-tomentosi, glabrescentes, circiter 1 cm. longi. Paniculae plures, anguste cylindricae, 10-20 longae et 1.5-2.5 diam., laxe fulvo-tomentosae e cymis plurifloris inferioribus breviter v. brevissime pedunculatis superioribus sessilibus et paucifloris bracteis bracteolisque subulatis instructis compositae; flores subsessiles v. brevissime pedicellati; calyx campanu- latus, extus fulvo-tomentosus, 3 mm. longus, dentibus triangularibus 1 mm. longis; corolla lilacina, extus tomentosa, tubo 5 mm. longo intus in parte superiore vil- loso; stamina paullo infra faucem inserta, filamentis brevissimis, antheris ovato- oblongis basi cordatis apice fere basim limbi attingentibus; ovarium villosum; stylus tubo paullo brevior, stigmate clavato. Capsula (juvenilis) cyUndrico- oblonga, acuta, sparse villosa, basi calyce et corolla persistente plus minus fissa circumdata. Western Szeeh'uan: without precise locaUty, in a ravine, alt. 1300 m., August 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 4118). Buddleia alata differs from all the aUied species in its four- winged stems. It seems most nearly related to B. albiflora Hemsley, which is, however, easily distinguished by its glabrous or glabrescent corolla, by the glabrous ovary, shorter style and by the subterete stems. LOGANIACEAE. — BUDDLEIA 571 Western Szech'uan: west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, Min Valley, roadside thickets, alt. 1300-1600 m.. May 25, 1908 (No. 3353); same locality, alt. 1300-2100 m., August 1908 (No. 3359); same locality, 1300-2000 m., October 1910 (No. 4389); vicinity of Tachien- lu, thickets, alt. 1300-3800 m., July and August 1908 (Nos. 3357, 3351); vicinity of Tachien-lu, dry regions, Tung Valley, alt. 1300- 2000 m., October 1910 (No. 4403); Mupin, thickets, alt. 1600-2000 m., July and October 1908 (Nos. 3354, 1351*); without precise locality, alt. 2500 m., July 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 4119). This variety is much more widely distributed than the type and is readily dis- tinguished by its usually solitary terminal panicle and much larger flowers attain- ing 5 mm. in diameter; the leaves are usually pubescent above and vary in size and are sometimes nearly entire, coarsely serrate or sinuately-toothed. The young branches are often nearly square. Very rarely the primary panicle is sub- tended by one or two short lateral panicles whereas in the type there are always several panicles clustered at the ends of the shoots. In No. 3354 the peduncles of the cymes are unusually long and in consequence form a rather lax caudate panicle. No. 3357 differs in having short calyx-teeth. It is possible that more than one variety should be distinguished in the above numbers but all grada- tions are present. No. 4119 is one of the specimens quoted by Dop for his B. macrostachya, var. yunnanensis. Here may be added the following species from Yunnan: Buddleia Henryi Rehder & Wilson, n. sp. Frutex 2-5-metralis v. arbor 6-metralis v. ultra; ramuH hornotini leviter angu- lati laxe cinereo-tomentosi. Folia membranacea, lanceolata v. lanceolato-oblonga, utrinque sensim attenuate, acuminata, 12-35 cm. longa et 2.5-7.5 cm. lata crenato- serrata dentibus brevibus mucronulatis, v. rarius subintegra, supra obscure viridia et glabra, subtus dense cinereo-tomentosa, costa venisque supra impressis subtus elevatis; petioli tomentosi, 0.5-2 cm. longi. Paniculae plures in apice ramulorum, anguste cylindricae, 12-25 cm. longae et circiter 2 cm. diam., e cymis approximatis 2-6-floris fere sessilibus v. basin versus brevissime pedunculatis bracteis bracteolisque subulatis instructis compositae, stellato-pilosae; flores sessiles v. ad 2 mm. longe pedicellati pedicellis glabrescentibus v. glabris; calyx campanulatus, 2.5-3.5 mm. longus, sinuato-dentatus dentibus anguste triangu- laribus acuminatis 1-2 mm. longis, extus sparse stellato-pilosus v. fere glaber; corolla decidua, camea tubo cylindrico, 7-8 mm. longa extus glabra pilis paucis ad basin limbi exceptis, intus sparse villosa, lobis patentibus rotundatis, circiter 2 mm. longis margine leviter irregularibus extus initio villosis; antherae subsessiles, ovato-oblongae, 1 mm. longae, apice basin limbi attingentes; ovarium ovoideum f ulvo-tomentosum ; stylus glaber, dimidium tubi superans, 3 mm. longus, stigmate clavato. Capsula (immatura) ovoideo-oblonga, acuta, fere glabra, pedicello recurvato. Yunnan: south-east of Mengtze, woods and ravines, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (Nos. 9025, type, 9025*'). This species is apparently most closely related to B. longifolia Gagnepain, which differs chiefly in the tube of the calyx being as long as its obtuse teeth, in the pedi- cellate flowers, the pedicels equalling the calyx, in the larger corolla and broader inflorescence. It is also related to B, macrostachya VVallich, but that species is 572 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA easily distinguished by its dense inflorescence with upright tomentose capsules, larger tomentose corolla and smaller firmer leaves. In B. Henryi and these two species the corolla is deciduous, while in most species of this genus it is persistent or at least tardily deciduous. This deciduous corolla and the distinctly recurved glabrous capsules give our species a very distinct appearance. Buddleia macrostachya Wallich apud Bentham, Scrophul. Ind. 42 (1835); in De Candolle, Prodr. X. 447 (1846). — Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. IV. 81 (1885). — Dop in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, LVII. Mem. XIX. 7 (1910). — Gagnepain in Lecomte Not. Syst. I. 190 (1912). Buddleia Martii Schmidt in Jour. Bot. VI. 245 (1868). Yunnan: Feng-chen-lin, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (No. 1025P); Mengtze, A. Henry (No. 10251); Szemao, western mountains, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (Nos. 10251^ 10251d). This species has not yet been reported from China, but the specimens quoted above agree exactly with specimens of B. macrostachya from the Khasia hills. SCROPHULARIACEAE. Determined by Alfred Rehder. BRANDISIA Hook. f. & Thorns. Brandisia Hancei, Hooker f., Fl Brit. Ind. IV. 257 (1885).— Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 179 (1890). Brandisia discolor Hance in Jour. Linn. Soc. XVIII, 299 (non Hooker f. & Thomson) (1880). Western Hupeh: Ichang, scrub-clad hillsides, alt. 30-300 ra., March 1907 (No. 3404); without locaHty, A. Henry (No. 1150); Nanto and mountains to the northward, A. Henry (No. 3007). Yunnan : Mengtze, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (No. 9013; slender shrub, 1 m., flowers yellow). No good description of this species has been published so far, but according to Dr. A. B. Rendle of the British Museum who kindly compared Wilson's No. 3404 with the type of B. Hancei Hook, f . from Kweichou, there is no difference between the two specimens. Wilson's specimen also agrees perfectly with Henry's speci- men from Hupeh referred by Hemsley to B. Hancei. Henry's No. 9013 from Yunnan differs slightly in its smaller and narrower leaves. Besides the preceding the four following species occur in Yunnan: Brandisia discolor Hooker f. & Thomson in Jour. Linn. Soc. VIII. 11, t. 4 (1865). — Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. IV. 257 (1885). — Brandis, Ind. Trees, 491 (1906). Yunnan: Szemao, forests, alt. 1300m., A. Henry (No. 12605^ climbing shrub, to 5 m., yellow flowers). Brandisia laetevirens Rehder, n. sp. Frutex 2-3-metralis, sarmentosus; ramuli homotini fulvo-tomentosi. Folia chartacea, verisimiliter persistentia, ovato-oblonga, acuminata v. acuta, basi ro- tundata v. leviter subcordata, 4.5-8 cm. longa at 1.8-3 cm. lata, margine Integra et leviter revoluta, supra initio sparse fasciculato-pilosa, mox glabrescentia et glabra, laevia, laete luteo-viridia (in sicco), subtus dense tomcnto fasciculato albo V. flavescente obtecta, reticulata, nervis utrinsecus 5-6 supra ut costa impressis subtus elevatis; petioli stellato-tomentosi, circiter 5 mm. longi. Flores axillares, solitarii v. bini; pcduncuh graciles, fulvo-tomentosi, 8-10 mm. longi, pendentes medio bibracteati bracteis subulatis calycis basim plcrumque paullosuperantibus; calyx campanulatus, 10-costatus, circiter 1 cm. longus, extus tomento flavido obtectus, intus dense sericeus, lobis ovato-triangularibus acutis 3.5-4 mm. longis, sinubus acutis; corolla late campanulata, leviter curvata, bilabiata circiter 2 cm. longa, lutea (ex Henry), extus pallidc stellato-tomentosa ima basi excepta, limbo intus tomentoso, tubo intus glabro, labio postico magno truncate leviter emar- 573 574 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA ginato, antico 3-lobo fere dimidio breviore lobis ovatis acutis; stylus glaber, corollae subaequilongus; ovarium dense tomentosum. Capsulam non vidi. Yunnan: Szemao, eastern mountains, alt. 1300 m., A. Henry (No. 12605). Brandisia laetevirens is most closely related to B. discolor Hooker f. & Thomson, which differs chiefly in its smaller 5-ribbed calyx with smaller and narrower teeth separated by wide sinuses, narrower corolla covered outside with brown tomentum and in its slenderer petioled leaves dark green above and in the dried state almost black. Brandisia glabrescens Rehder, n. sp. Frutex 2-metralis, gracilis; ramuli tomento fulvo floccoso obtecti, demum gla- brescentes. Folia chartacea, ovato-oblonga, longe acuminata, basi rotundata v. late cuneata, Integra v. sparse minuteque serrulata, 5-9 cm. longa et 1.5-3.5 cm. lata, supra initio sparsissime stellato-pilosa, mox glabra, atroviridia, subtus palli- diora, sparse, ad venas densius stellato-pilosa, demum glabrescentia et plerumque ad venas tantum stellato-pilosa, nervis utrinsecus 6-7 subtus elevatis et trabeculis elevatis conjunctis; petioli tomentosi, 5-8 mm. longi. Flores axillares, solitarii v. bini superpositi; pedicelli graciles, circiter 1 cm. longi, floccoso-tomentosi, supra medium bibracteati bracteis subulatis basim calycis paullo superantibus; calyx campanulatus, 1.5-2 cm. longus, leviter 10-costatus, minute et sparse, basim ver- sus densius stellato-pilosus, intus pilosus, dentibus late ovatis acuminulatis 5 mm. longis; corolla bilabiata, gibboso-curvata, 2.5-3 cm. longa, lutea (ex Henry), extus dense stellato-tomentosa, tubo intus glabro, limbo intus tomentoso, labio postico magno truncato, antico 3-lobato fere dimidio breviore, lobis ovatis subaequalibus; stamina stylusque corollae subaequilonga; stylus glaber; ovarium dense tomento- sum. Capsula ovoideo-oblonga, demum glabrescens, circiter 1.5 cm. longa. Yunnan: Mengtze, forest, alt. 2000 m., A. Hmry (No. 9176*); south of Red River from Manmei, alt. 2300 m., A. Henry (No. 9716). Brandisia glabrescens is related to B. discolor Hooker f. & Thomson, which is easily distinguished by its leaves densely tomentose beneath, by the much smaller calyx also densely tomentose on the outside and by the smaller, less curved corolla. In its large calyx B. glabrescens somewhat resembles B. Hancei Hooker f. which, however, differs from it in its short-petioled cordate leaves, densely tomentose beneath and rugulose above. Brandisia racemosa Hemsley in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1895, 114, — OKver in Hooker's Icon. XXIV. t. 2383 (1895). — Schneider, III. Handb. Laubholzk. II. 618, fig. 399 c-h (1911). Yunnan: Mengtze, alt. 1600 m., A. Henry (No. 9973; hanging down from cliffs, 1 m. long, scarlet flowers). With its pendulous racemes of large scarlet flowers, this is the most beautiful member of the genus. It was introduced by Mr. Wilson into cultivation, but it could not be grown successfully, as it is apparently parasitic and its proper host- plant is not known. PAULOWNIA Sieb. & Zucc. Paulownia tomentosa K. Koch, var. lanata Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. II. 618 (1911). Paulownia imperialis, var. y. lanata Dode in Bull. Sac. Dendr. Prance, 1908, 160. SCROPHULARIACEAE. — PAULOWNIA 575 Western Hupeh: Fang Hsien, woods, alt. 1300-2000 m., May 21 and 26 and October 1907 (No. 769; tree 6-14 m., 0.3-2 m. circum- ference, flowers violet-purple, throat yellow).^ Paulownia Fargesii Franchet in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, II. 280 (1896). — Dode in Bull. Soc. Dendr. France, 1908, 161.— Schneider, III. Handh. Laubholzk. II. 618 (1911). Western Szech'uan: Yung-king Hsien, alt. 1250 m,. May 1904 (Veitch Exped. No. 4207; tree 7 m., flowers lavender, fragrant); Wa- shan, common, alt. 300-1300 m., June 1908 (No. 3170, in part; tree 12-20 m. tall, circumference 1-2 m.). Wilson's No. 3170* lacks the long hairs on the young branchlets, petioles and veins, and the young leaves are thinly tomentose beneath with glabrous veins, otherwise in the shape of the calyx and in the inflorescence it agrees with Wilson's No. 4207 which answers the description of P. Fargesii in every respect, except that the flowers, according to Wilson's note, are lavender, though in the dried state they certainly look white. A picture of this tree will be found under Nos. 47 and 79 of Wilson's photographs and also in his Vegetation of Western China, Nos. 330 and 331. Henry's No. 10831 from Mengtze, Yunnan, agrees in many respects with Wilson's No. 3170% but the leaves are more densely pubescent, about as much as those of P. tomentosa ; the flowers are mauve colored according to Henry's notes and are shorter and broader; in the shape and tomentum of the calyx, however, the two specimens perfectly agree. * A new species related to P. tomentosa is the following: Paulownia glabrata Rehder, n. sp. Arbor ramulis pallide flavo-cinereis glabris. FoUa membranacea, anguste triangulari-ovata, acuminata, basi truncata, 15-18 cm. longa et 11-12 cm. lata, maturitate laete viridia, concoloria, supra glabra pilis sparsis ad costam nervosque exceptis, subtus fere glabra pihs sparsissimis stellatis exceptis; petioU glabri v. apicem versus puberuh, 4-9 cm. longi. Flores desiderantur. Panicula fructifera sine pedunculo circiter 20 cm. longa; rhachis glabra; cymae 2-3(-4)-florae, pedun- culo partiali circiter 1 cm. longo glabrescenti insidentes; pedicelli 1.5-2 cm. longi, fulvo-tomentosuli; calyx extus intusque dense fulvo-tomentosus, ultra medium partitus, lobis oblongo-ovatis obtusis. Capsula ovoidea, subito in rostrum con- tracta, 3 cm. longa, tomentosula. Shensi: foot of Ta-pei-shan, 1910, W. Purdom. It is with some hesitation that I describe this specimen without flowers as a new species, but it can neither be united with P. tomentosa K. Koch, which it resembles in the inflorescence, nor with P. Fargesii Franchet, which it resembles in its leaves. The former species differs in its broader leaves cordate at the base and always, even late in the season, tomentose beneath and in its broader and shorter calyx-lobes, while P. Fargesii Franchet is distinguished by its triangular-ovate, acutish calyx- lobes, by the calyx-tube glabrous on the inside, by its glandular ovary and by the almost sessile cymes of the inflorescence which gives it a narrow, thyrsoid-like look; at the base it bears usually two elongated equally thyrsoid branches. 576 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA Paulownia thyrsoidea Rehder, n. sp. Arbor 7-metralis, ramis robustis; ramuli hornotini villoso-hirsuti, annotini glabri, griseo-brunnei, lenticellati. Folia (juniora nondum matura tantum vidi) membranacea, late ovata, acuminata, basi leviter cordata v. truncata v. interdum e basi rotundata abrupta lateque cuneatim in petiolum protracta, remote sinuato-dentata v. sinuato- lobata lobis dentibusque latissimis brevissimisque mucronatis, circiter 8-10(-16) cm. longa et 7-9(-14) cm. lata, obscure viridia, concoloria, supra initio dense glandulosa, pilis longis hyalinis intermixtis, demum glabrescentia, subtus vix glandulosa pilis brevibus hyalinis sparse conspersa fasciculatis v. ramosis paucis intermixtis, ad venas densius pilosa, margine pilis hyalinis ciliata; petioli 3-12 cm. longi, initio dense pilis hyalinis hirsuti, glabrescentes. Inflorescentia magna, 20- 30 cm. longa, paniculata, deorsum axes laterales 10-18 cm. longos thyr- soideos oppositos glabros v. glabrescentes gerens, sursum thyrsoidea, ut axes laterales cymas breviter pedunculatas v. fere sessiles 2-3- floras rarius unifloras gerens; pedicelli dense fulvo-tomentosi, 6-10 mm. longi, pedunculo cymarum glabrescente interdum subnullo longiores; calyx turbinato-campanulatus, extus dense fulvo-tomen- tosus, intus ad marginem tantum tomentosus, ceterum glaber v. fere glaber, circiter 12-14 mm. longus, dentes triangulari-ovato-oblongi 6-9 mm. longi et 3.5-5 mm. lati, acutiusculi; corolla campanulata, extus breviter pilosa et stipitato-glandulosa, violaceo-coerulea, limbo bilabiato patente circiter 4 cm. diam., tubo circiter 3 cm. longo et 1 cm. diam., pauUo supra basim curvato et angustato intus glabro, lobis rotundatis 1.5 cm. diam. intus in parte superiore breviter pilosis ciliolatis; stamina breviora dimidium tubum aequantia, glabra, an- theris 2 mm. longis patentibus; stylus glaber glandulis paucis basim versus exceptis, staminibus brevioribus paullo longior, stigmate clavato paullo incrassato; ovarium glandulosum. Capsula ovoidea, leviter compressa, 2.5 longa et 14 mm. lata, locuHcida et imperfecta septicida, parietibus cartilagineis fragilibus; semina nigra-brunnea, ovoidea, 1 mm. longa, cum alis hyalinis basi et apice emarginatis v. incisis circiter 3.5 mm. longa et 2.5 lata. Western Hupeh: Ichang, cultivated, alt. 40 m., April 1907 (No. 3171, type). Fokien : without locality, Dunn's Exped., April to June 1905 (Herb. Bot. Gard. Hongkong, No. 3369). Paulownia thyrsoidea seems most closely related to P. Fargesii Franchet which differs in its much larger, white or pale colored flowers with the tula of the corolla about 5 cm. long, in its more elongated, entire leaves and in the smaller inflorescence. SCROPHULARIACEAE. — PAULOWNIA 577 This new species is a handsome tree with its large, much branched panicles of lav- ender-colored flowers; it differs from all other species of the genus in the coarse dentation of the leaves. Its native habitat is still unknown; around Ichang it is only cultivated and the specimen from Fokien also may have been gathered from a cultivated tree. Paulownia recurva Rehder, n. sp. Arbor 12-metralis, trunco ambitu 1.30 m.; ramuli juniores tomento ochraceo-cinereo laxo obtecti, annotini cinereo-brunnei glabri. Folia membranacea (juniora tantum vidi) ovata, acuminata, basi rotun- data V. truncata, circiter 10 cm. longa et 7 cm. lata, supra pilis brevi- bus simplicibus et fasciculatis conspersa glandulis intermixtis, subtus tomento villoso ochraceo-cinereo obtecta; petioli initio villoso-tomen- tosi. Inflorescentia paniculata, circiter 20 cm. longa, glabra; axes laterales infimae saepe elongatae et paniculatae, cetermn cymosae 5-1-florae manifeste pedunculatae pedunculis apicem versus decres- centibus 3.5-0.5 cm. longis glabris; pedicelli 1.5-2 cm. longi apicem versus tomentosuli; calyx extus fere glaber v. laxe tomentosa et glabrescens, cupuliformis, 1.5 cm. longus et 2 cm. diam. lobis erecto- patentibus ovatis 7-8 mm. longis apice rotundatis et recurvis, intus undique dense tomentosus; corolla campanulata, violaceo-purpurea, tubo 4-4.5 cm. longo et 1.5 cm. diam. paullo supra basim angustato et leviter curvato extus pilis brevibus basim versus densius consperso, limbo bilabiate 4 cm. diam., lobis subrotundatis intus breviter pilosulis; stamina glabra, tubum dimidium vix superantia; ovarium ovoideum, dense glandulosum; stylus basim versus glandulosus, 3.5 cm. longus, limbum fere attingens. Capsula desideratur. Western Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, woods, alt. 1600 m., May 1907 (No. 769"). This species seems nearest to P. tomentosa K. Koch, which differs from it chiefly in its more densely fulvous-tomentose leaves, cordate or subcordate at the base, in the densely fulvous-tomentose outer surface of the calyx teeth which are not re- curved at the apex and in the tomentosa inflorescence. The other species with their calyx glabrous or glabrescent on the outside differ also in their campanulate calyx with acutish lobes much shorter than the calyx-tube, and in the longer and narrower corolla. Paulownia Duclouxii Dode in Bull. Soc. Dendr. France, 1908, 162. Western Hupeh: Ichang, alt., 300-1000 m. April 1907 (No. 3170; tree 6-15 m., trunk 0.60-2.30 m. diam., flowers white or lavender- purple). Wilson's No. 3170 seems to agree fairly well with Dodc's description of P. Duclouxii, of which I have not seen the type specimen. Dode, however, says it 578 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA differs from P, Fortunei Hemsley in its larger calyx, but in our specimen the calyx is about 2 cm. long, while in P. Fortunei it is 2.5 cm. long, and the corolla is shorter than that of P. Fortunei, not exceeding 7 or 8 cm. in length. A picture of this tree will be found under No. 485 of Wilson's photographs and also in his Vegetation oj Western China, No. 332. Paulownia Fortunei Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 180 (1890). — Dode in Bull. Soc. Dendr. France, 1908, 162. Campsis Fortunei Seemann in Jour. Bot. V. 373 (1867). Paulownia imperialis Hance in Jour. Bot. XXIII. 326 (non Siebold & Zuc- carini) (1885). Kwangtung: Hongkong Botanic Garden, cultivated, April 5, 1909, E. H. Wilson (without number). Fokien: without locality, Dunn's Exped., April to June 1905 (Herb. Bot. Gard. Hongkong, No. 3369). A picture of this species will be found under Nos. 655 (flowering tree) and 656 (panicle) of Wilson's photographs and also in his Vegetation of Western China, Nos. 328 and 329. To P. Fortunei or P. Duclouxii belongs apparently Henry's No. 10831*' from Mengtze, Yunnan; the specimen consists only of mature leaves and a small panicle in bud. £>. H, HILL L1B«AW^ Morth Carolina State CORRECTIONS. Pinus Annandii (p. 1). In the synonym Pinus Mastersiana change date from 1898 to 1908. Hydrangea Davidii (p. 25). Add a8 a synonym; Hydrangea Arbostiana L^veill6 in Bull. Acad. Intern. Geog. Bot. XII. 115 (1903). — Cf. Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 186 (1912). Hydrangea xanthoneura, var. glabrescens (p. 27). This variety is to be referred to H. Bretschneideri as Hydrangea Bretschneideri, var. glabrescens Reh- der.—Cf. Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 186 (1912). Hydrangea Bretschneideri, var. setchuenensis (p. 28). This variety is to be referred to H. xanthoneura as Hydrangea xanthoneura, var. setchu- enensis Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 186 (1912). Hydrangea Bretschneideri, var. lancifolia (p. 28). This variety is to be referred to H. xanthoneura as Hydrangea xanthoneura, var. lancifolia Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 186 (1912). Hydrangea strigosa, var. angustifolia (p. 32). The citation of the sjmonym should read: Hydrangea aspera, var. ? angustifolia Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXIII. 273 (1887). Rubus simplex (p. 48). Date 1854 should read 1890. Acer sutchuense (p. 97). Read Acer sutchuenense. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. amurensis (p. 100). The A. heterophylla, var. amurensis Planchon does not seem to occur in central and western China. Most of the specimens enumerated under this variety belong to the fol- lowing species: Ampelopsis micans Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 188 (1912), Vitis repens Veitch, Novelties 1908-1909, 8, fig. p. 29 (non Wight & Amott) (1908). Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. amurensis Gagnepain in Sargent, PI. Wilson. I. 100 (pro parte, non Planchon) (1911). Western Hupeh: (Nos. 157, type, 129, 159, 2721, 2723), Veitch Exped. (Nos. 1141, 114P). Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. cinerea (p. 101). The two specimens enumerated under this variety belong to two different species: Ampelopsis micans, var. cinerea Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 189 (1912). Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. cinerea Gagnepain in Sargent, PI. Wilson. I. 101 (pro parte) (1911). Western Hupeh: (No. 2736, type; also Nos. 168, 2718, 2719, 2722 and A. von Roslhorn's No. 1557). Only No. 2736 represents the typical form of this variety, all the other numbers are transitions toward the type of the species. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. vestita Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 189 (1912). Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. cinerea Gagnepain in Sargent, PI. Wilson. 1. 101 (1911), quoad specimen No. 2720. 579 580 CORRECTIONS Western Hupeh: (No. 2720). No. 1703 from Kiangai belongs to A. heterophylla, but not to the var. amurensis] it is possibly a new variety. Parthenocissus Henryana (p. 101). Wilson's No. 440 does not belong here, but is the type of the following species: Parthenocissus laetevirens Rehder in Mitt, Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 190 (1912). Parthenocissus Henryana Gagnepain in Sargent, PI. Wilson. I. 101 (1911), quoad specimen No. 440. Western Hupeh: (No. 440, type; Veitch Exped. Nos. 1414, 1414^ in part, flowering specimens only). Parthenocissus himalayana, var. rubrifolia (p. 101). The synonym ParthenociS' sus sinensis Diels & Gilg belongs to Vitis Piasezkii Maximo wicz. — Cf. Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 192 (1912). Lonicera pileata (p. 135). Wilson's No. 883 enumerated under this species is the type of the following species: Lonicera nitida Wilson in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, L. 102 (1911). Lonicera pileata Rehder in Sargent, PI. Wilson. I. 135 (1911), quoad speci- men No. 833. Western Szech'uan: (No. 833). Prunus pseudocerasus (p. 245). The Prunus pseudocerasus Lindley belongs to the subsect. Ceraseidos Koehne, ser. Euceraseidos Koehne; the name P. pseudocerasus as used in this work should be replaced by the following name: Prunus Sieboldii Wittmack in Gartenfl. LI. 272 (1902). — Cf . Koehne in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. XI. 267, 270 (1912) and in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 182 (1912). Prunus serrulata (p. 246). Instead of Prunus donarium Siebold read: Prunus donarium Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXV. 259 (1911).— Cf. Koehne in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. XI. 267 (1912). Prunus Tschonoskii (p. 261). Add as a synonym: Prunus crassipes Koidzumi in Tohjo Bot. Mag. XXV. 260 (1911). — Cf. Koehne in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. XI. 274 (1912). Prunus trifiora (p. 276). Professor Koehne informed us in his letter of Decem- ber 10, 1912, that Prunus salicina Lindley in Trans. Hort. Soc. VII. 239 (1830), of which he had recently seen the type specimen, is the same as P. triflora, and the oldest name for this species, as Prunus trifiora Rox- burgh, though pubUshed as a nomen nudum as early as 1814, was not described until 1832. Styrax Wilsonii (p. 293). PubUshed independently two months later under the same name by Rolfe in Bot. Mag. CXXXVIII. t. 8444 (July 1912). Pterostyrax hispidus (p. 295). Citation for Halesia hispida Masters should read: Gard. Chron. ser. 2, XXII. 176, fig. 34 (1884). Forsythia suspensa (p. 302). Wilson's specimens differ somewhat from typical F. suspensa, var. Fortunei, and have been distinguished as: Forsythia suspensa, var. Fortunei, f. atrocaulis Rehd'~'* in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXI. 193 (1912). Forsythia suspensa Rehder in Sargent, PI. Wilson, I. 302 (1912), quoad specimina citata. Western Hupeh: (No. 637). INDEX INDEX Names of families are in small capitals; names of admitted genera, subgenera, sections and species in roman type; synonyms in italics. Abelia, 118. Abelia adenotricha, 129. Abelia angustifolia, 124, 128. Abelia Aschersoniana, 124, 127. Abelia biflora, 125, 128. Abelia Buchwaldii, 123, 125. Abelia chinensis, 121, 124, 127. Abelia chinensis X uniflora, 128. Abelia coriacea, 124, 127. Abelia corymbosa, 124, 128. Abelia Davidii, 128. Abelia Dielsii, 125, 128. Abelia Engleriana, 120, 123, 126. Abelia floribunda, 124, 127. Abelia floribunda hybrida, 128. Abelia Graebneriana, 118, 123, 126. Abelia grandiflora, 128. Abelia gymnocarpa, 123, 125. Abelia Hanceana, 121. Abelia hirsuta, 127. Abelia Koehneana, 124, 126. Abelia longituba, 123, 126.- Abelia macrotera, 123, 126. Abelia multiflora hijbrida, 128. Abelia myrtilloides, 120, 124, 127. Abelia onkocarpa, 125, 128. Abelia parvifolia, 121, 124. Abelia rupestris, 124, 127. Abelia rupestris, 128. Abelia rupestris alba, 128. Abelia rupestris, var. grandiflora, 128. Abelia rupestris hybrida, 128. Abelia Schumannii, 121, 124, 127. Abelia serrata, 123, 125. Abelia serrata, 118, 125. Abelia shikokiana, 128. Abelia spathulata, 123, 125. Abelia speciosa, 127. Abelia splendens, 129. Abelia tereticalyx, 124, 127. Abelia triflora, 124, 127. Abelia triflora, var. parvifolia, 128. Abelia umbellata, 122, 125, 128. Abelia uniflora, 123, 126. Abelia uniflora, 118. Abelia Zanderi, 121, 125, 128. Acer, 83. Acer amplum, 86. Acer amplum, var. tientaiense, 87. Acer betutifolium, 95. Acer caesium, 90. Acer caudatum, 91. Acer caudatum, var. multiserratum, Acer caudatum, var. Prattii, 91. Acer cappadocicum, 84. Acer cappadocicum, f. horticola. Si Acer cappadocicum, var. indicum, Acer cappadocicum, var. sinicum, Acer cappadocicum, f . tricaudatum, Acer cappadocicum, f. tricolor, 86. Acer catalpifolium, 87. Acer ceriferum, 89. Acer cordatum, 92. Acer cidtratum, 86. Acer Davidii, 92. Acer erianthum, 90. Acer Fargesii, 92. Acer flabellatum, 91. Acer Franchetii, 97. Acer fulvescens, 84. Acer Giraldii, 90. Acer griseum, 97. Acer Henryi, 97. Acer laetum, 84. Acer laetum, var. colchiciim, 86. Acer laetum, var. cultratum, 85, 86 Acer laetum, f. horticola, 86. Acer laetum, var. indicum, 86. Acer laetum y parviflorum, S3. Acer laetum, var. Regelii, 86. Acer laetum, f. rubrum, 86. Acer laetum, var. tomentosulum, 86, Acer laetum, var. tricaudatum, 86. Acer laetum, f. tricolor, 86. 583 91. 85. 88. 584 INDEX Acer laetum, f. viride, 86. Acer laevigatum, 92. Acer laxiflorum, 93. Acer laxiflorum, var. longilobum, 94. Acer Lobelii, subsp. laetum, var. indi- cum, 86. Acer longipes, 86, 88. Acer longipes, var. tientaiense, 87. Acer Maximowiczii, 94. Acer mono, 83. Acer monspessulanum, var. p, 84. Acer nikoense, 98. Acer nikoense, var. griseum, 97. Acer nikoense, var. megalocarpum, 98. Acer oblongum, 92. Acer oblongum, var. latialatum, 92. Acer Oliverianum, 90. Acer Oliverianum, var. serrulatum, 90. Acer palmatum, 88. Acer Pavolinii, 93. Acer pictum, 83. Acer pictum, var. mono, 83. Acer pictum, var. parviflorum, 83. Acer robustum, 89. Acer sinense, 90. Acer sutchuenense, 97, 579. Acer tataricum, 91. Acer tetramerum, 94. Acer tetramerum, 95. Acer tetramerum, var. betulifolium, 95. Acer tetramerum, var. betulifolium, f. latialatum, 95. Acer tetramerum, var. elobulatum, 95. Acer tetramerum, var. elobulatum, f. longeracemosum, 96. Acer tetramerum, var. tiliifolium, 96. Acer trifidum, 91. Acer trifidum, var. ningpoense, 92. Acer turkestanicum, 86. Acer urophyllum, 94. Acer Wilsonii, 90. Acer Wilsonii, var. serrulatum, 90. ACERACEAE, 83. Aesculus, 498. Aesculus chinensis, 499. Aesculus chinensis, 498. Aesculus indica, 498. Aesculus Wilsonii, 498. Agapetes Sprengelii, 557. Akebia, 347. Akebia Chaffanjoni, 348. Akebia lobata, 348. Akebia lobata, var. australis, 348. Akebia lobata, var. clematifolia, 348. Akebia longeracemosa, 349. Akebia quercifolia, 348. Akebia quinata, 347. Akebia quinata, var. longeracemosa, 349. Alniphyllum, 294. Alniphyllum Fortunei, 294. Alniphyllum macranthum, 294. Alniphyllum megaphyllum, 294. Alniphyllum pterospermum, 294. Altingia yunnanensis, 422. Amblyodon, 228, 236, 262. Amelanchier, 195. Amelanchier asiatica, 195. Amelanchier asiatica, 195. Amelanchier asiatica, var. sinica, 195. Amelanchier canadensis, var. japon- ica, 195. Amelanchier japonica, 195. Amelanchier racemosa, 456. Ampelopsis, 100. Ampelopsis aconitifolia, 100. Ampelopsis Delavayana, 100. Ampelopsis heterophylla, 102. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. amuren- sis, 100, 579. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. amuren- sis, 579. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. cinerea, 101, 579. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. cinerea, 579. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. Dela- vayana, 100. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. Gen- tiliana, 100. Ampelopsis heterophylla, var. vestita, 679. Ampelopsis himalayana, 101. Ampelopsis megalophylla, 101. Ampelopsis micans, 579. Ampelopsis micans, var. cinerea, 579. Ampelopsis tricuspidata, 102. Amphicome, 303. Amphicome argu.a, 303. Amygdalocerasus, 229, 237, 268. Amygdalopsis Lindleyi, 274. Amygdalus, 271. Amygdalus communis, var. tangutica, 276. Amygdalus Heuckeana, 276. INDEX 585 Amygdalus indica nana, 265. Amygdalus pedunculata, 274. Amygdalus Persica, 273. Amygdalus Persica, var. monstrosa, 275. Amygdalus Persica, /3 nectarina, 275. Amygdalus Persica, p Nucipersica, 275. Amygdalus Persica, var. stellata, 275. Amygdalus pilosa, 275. Amygdalus pumila, 263, 267. Amygdalus tangutica, 276. Andromeda chinensis, 559. Andromeda elliptica, 552. Andromeda lanceolata, 552. Andromeda ovalifolia, 552. Andromeda squamulosa, 552. Andromeda villosa, 553. Anemone uei Anemonoides, 325. Anemone cwrto, 332. Anemone japonica, 325. Aphanadenium, 227, 229, 238. Aquifoliaceae, 76. Ar6ii