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PROCEEDINGS OF PROVIDENCE FRANKLIN SOCIETY,
Pe AUN TS
OF
meOUDH ISLAND,
AN ENUMERATION PLANTS GROWING WITHOUT CULTIVATION IN THE STATE RHODE ISLAND,
(Latitude 41° 18' to 42° 3' N.) (Longitude 71° 8' to 71° 53’ W.)
‘*NOMINA SI NESCIS, PERIT COGNITIO RERUM.”’
BY JAMES L. BENNETT.
PROVIDENCE, R. I. PROVIDENCE PRESS COMPANY, PRINTERS. 1888.
16240
The LuEstherT Mertz Liprary The New York Botanical Garaen
Ata regular meeting of the Providence Franklin Society, Jan- uary 6, 1885, the Standing Committee was authorized to print
reports on Botany and Geology.
Attest: JOHN DABOLL, Secretary.
BOTANICAL COMMITTEE:
Mr. GEORGE HuNT, oe THOMAS J. BATTEY, oy hala: Way RAO,
Mrs. E. M. ALDEN.
Ir is now more than forty years since the publication of Mr. Olney’s Catalogue of Rhode Island Plants,* which was the first enumeration, other than the partial lists occasionally made by visiting botanists, ever made of our plants. Since that time, and more especially during the last decade, the study of Botany has received increased attention, and is regularly taught in the schools, generally, however, in a merely perfunctory and necessa- rily superficial manner, but any attention given to the study is an advance upon the previous total neglect of the science. The Franklin Society has continued its discussions and lectures upon botanical subjects, and an interest has been maintained and fos- tered, which, it is pleasant to note, is more general at the present than at any previous time; withal, Mr. Olney’s generous bequest to Brown University, and the endowment of a professorship of Botany under his will, has made the possibility of gaining a knowledge of botanical science so comparatively easy, that it is but reasonable to expect that this branch of Biology is to receive,
at least in part, that attention which it deserves.
When the first enumeration was made, many problems remained unsolved which are to-day of easy explanation; text books to
which recourse might be had for careful generalizations from
* The first part of this Catalogue was the conjoined work of the Committee of the Providence Franklin Society, Stephen T. Olney, George Hunt, George Thur- ber and Henry B. Metcalf; the supplementary additions were made by Mr. Olney.
vi
accumulated observation, were in more than one ansehen at that time entirely lacking; sources now broadly open to all were then, so far as they at all existed, accessible to none other than the pro- fessional botanist; new fields prolific in unimagined forms were all around us, but for long time we were entirely dependent upon our older brothers beyond the sea (with whom correspondence was frequently ina foreign tongue), for information and knowledge, which is now the privilege of the beginner.
It is not then strange that the first enumeration of Rhode Island plants contained but one-third as many as we note in the following list, which itself contains, it is believed, but little more than the half of those species which grow without cultivation within our
borders.
This Catalogue is prepared at the suggestion of and under the auspices of the Providence Franklin Society, and forms a portion of its published proceedings. It has in large measure been com- piled for anumber of years, but for many reasons its issue has postponed; yet we trust that the larger field which it conse- quently covers will make amends for the delay, especially as we
are thereby enabled to add several hundred species.
The list could have been never made, certainly not to embrace so much of the field which it aims to cover, without kindly and very generous aid of many friends, all of whom will understand, we trust, that whether their names appear in its pages or not, the sense of obligation is here fully acknowledged and thankfully remembered.
It would be impossible to mention all those who have in various ways, by advice or suggestion or information, contributed to any measure of success attained, yet it were unworthy not to acknowl- edge an indebtedness, for many years in common with every bot- anist, to him who for so long time was ‘‘ facile princeps’’ of botanists,
and kindliest of men; on whom we were in so many ways depend-
Vil
ent, who was so entirely our wise leader and teacher, that we ever refused to think of that time when he might be called away from us. The importance biological studies now hold in American schools and colleges and in an enlightened public esteem, and the value therefrom which results to every commonwealth, is due
more than to any other to Dr. ASA GRAY.
‘* All hearts grew warmer in the presence Of him who, seeking not his own, Gave freely,— for the love of giving,
Nor reaped for self the harvest sown.”
May the memory of his simple, unaffected life, full of wisdom and the desire to be helpful, linger long with us and strengthen
us, according to our degree, to similar loving acts of help!
We have to thank for assistance in special departments Mr. William Boott, for kind aid in the nomenclature of the genus Carex ; Dr. George Thurber and Dr. George Vasey for similar aid in Graminee; Mr. Willey, of New Bedford, for revision of the Lichenes ; Dr. W. G. Farlow, of Cambridge, and Prof. D. C. Eaton, of New Haven, for many additions to the list of Marine Alge; Mr. C. H. Peck, of Albany, N. Y., and Mr. J. B. Ellis, of Newfield, N. J., for revision of the Fungi; Mr. L. Lesqereux, for the nam- ing and verification of many species of Musci ; Rev. Francis Wolle, for information regarding Fresh Water Alge ; Mr. Lathrop, for contribution of Desmidiacew, &c.; and other friends whose con- tributions are noted in the text. Thanks are due to the Botanical Committee of the Franklin Society, for their patience and consid- eration in the extremely vexatious delays which have occurred, and especially for the liberal manner in which they have provided
for the publication of these pages.
Gray’s Manual—5th edition, 1867— has been followed in the
arrangement and nomenclature of the Flowering Plants and Ferns,
Vill
and in those cases where by proper authority such names have been reformed, the former name is inserted in italics.
Dr. Vasey’s various publications have determined the arrange- ment, &e., of Graminee ;1 Lesquereux’ and James’ that of the Musci;? the late Prof. Tuckerman the Lichenes;* Mr. M. C. Cooke’s arrangement of the Fungi* has been followed, with revis- ions by Mr. Peck and Mr. Ellis; Dr. Farlow has been the guide for the Marine Alge,®’ and Rev. Mr. Wolle for the Fresh Water Alge.® It should be noted that for convenience’ sake the Marine and Fresh Water Alge are separated, and in the one is followed Dr. Farlow’s ascending, and in the other Mr. Wolle’s descending series. Although unscientific, it was believed that there were suf- ficient advantages in not merging all the Alg@ under one syste- matic arrangement. The arrangement of the Diatomacee’ is that in Pritchard. We follow Prof. Underwood’s arrangement of Hepatice.*®
The Musci were determined or previous determinations verified by Mr. Lesquereux. Some of them, however, and all the Hepa-
tice, passed through the hands of the late Mr. Coe F. Austin.
The late Prof. Tuckerman very kindly determined, or verified, the Lichenes, and all herein named passed under his examination. The Fungi were all named by the late Rev. Dr. M. A. Curtis, or by
him in connection with Dr. Berkely; the revision of the same by
1 Descriptive Catalogue of United States Grasses, 1884.
2 Manual of the Mosses of North America, 1884.
3 Synopsis of N. Am. Lichens. Partl. 1882. Genera Lichenum, 1872.
4 Handbook of British Fungi, 1871.
5 List of the Marine Alge of the United States, 1875. Marine Alge of New England and adjacent coast, 1881, &c.
6Desmids of the United States, 1884, and Supplement, 1887. Fresh Water Algz of the United States, 1887.
7 Pritchard’s Infusoria, 1861. Article Diatomacez.
8 Descriptive Catalog of the North American Hepatice, north of Mexico, 1885.
1X Mr. Peck and Mr. Ellis has been referred to. Valuable assistance was received from Mr. Olney’s Algw Rhodiace, to which reference is duly made by No. in the text, and wherever the names have been reformed, the species as named in Alg. Rhod. follows the now accepted name in italics. Very valuable information regard- ing a large number of Diatoms was obtained from Mr. S, A.
Briggs’ papers in The Lens.
A great amount of material in Desmids, Diatoms, &c., await determination, and all our fresh water pools, and ponds, and
brooks, teem with species yet to us unknown.
It has been the intention to insert the names of all plants so far found indigenous to the State, and also all those not native, but which have become thoroughly naturalized; the names of all plants which did not appear to be perfectly established, are omit- ted ; unquestionably there are some which deserve insertion, and further study will allow their claim, but ‘‘ consuetudo loci obser- vando est,’’ and it has been thought better to practice that con- servatism which has heretofore characterized Rhode Island’s treatment of aliens, and make them fully earn citizenship before allowing it. Naturalized plants are designated in the text by the
method of spacing commonly adopted.
Wherever the habitat is general it is not mentioned, but when the plant has been found only locally, such fact is noted; when a species has been noted by only one collector, such fact is stated, save that in a few cases the note refers to the person by whom it was first found; the other notes will explain themselves. These remarks do not apply to the Cryptogamia, as the marine alge were worked out first by Mr. Olney, and the other orders mainly
by the writer.
Although this enumeration contains the names of upwards of
3,150 species and varieties, yet it is probably only the moiety of
x
those which grow in the State. The Phanerogams and Acrogens are pretty nearly full, the Anophytes less so, but no department of the Thallogens, except the Marine Alge, is probably represented in this list by one-half of those species which belong there ; indeed, the enumeration was so evidently incomplete, that at first it was intended to omit the entire class, except the Marine Alge, and it is now inserted with this explanation, and the hope that microscopists may be induced to search out and add the missing
species to those herein named.
It may well be said in this connection, that questions of great- est interest, not alone in a merely technical sense, await solution, which may fairly be expected from the study of the life history of the microscopic Alge@ and allies: that algoid and fungoid vege- tation has much to do with disease in man and beast and higher vegetable organisms, is held as proven; but whether as cause or effect, or only coincident, is not entirely agreed. No greater ques- tions of material value await determination, than the relations between decay of physical life and the growth of microscopic veg- etation. It may be perhaps that the study of these relations, by some of our younger botanists shall lead to an elucidation of facts and a determination of truths of unmeasured value to the com- monwealth.
That family of plants, Protophyta, containing those species always present in ferments, comprising Saccharomyces, Bacillus, Bacterium, &c., is not here noted; a lack which some future
student must supply.
All that is claimed for this enumeration is its purpose to help and encourage the beginner; —at the same time it gives, we believe, correct information to the advanced botanist of facts regarding habitats and distribution of species. Claim to absolute accuracy of determination, in every case, is not made, and it is
frankly admitted that corrections, as well as reformations, perhaps
xl
not a few, may be necessary. Information of necessary additions
or corrections is desired.
Criticism of the manner in which the work has been done may be deserved; there can fairly be none, however, of the intent, which is, to magnify the wonders of Nature, and prompt the
student, to look beyond Nature’s merely outward appearing.
Whatever of value the following pages possess belongs in largest measure to the help of kind friends ; whatever of incor-
rectness and imperfection to the writer.
JAMES L. BENNETT.
PROVIDENCE, September 1, 1888.
Page 4, 1.
és
5,
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CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS.
ft bo Pwr nS bk
3.
Add Alyssum incanum, L. Providence, J. L. B. For tomentesa, read tomentosa. ‘* Spurrer, read spurge. ‘* Perlslane, read Purslane. Add Genista tinctoria, L. Newport, Tweedy. Add Poterium Canadense, L. Matunuck, di de. .B. ; For Beuth, read Benth. “ FAXAGAPODIUM, read AIGOPODIUM. ‘¢ WoRMWEED, read WORMWOOD. ‘¢ Rinz, read Ruiz. ‘* oboyatus, read obovatus.
and 32. For Scap, read Scop.
For Cateen, read Cotton. ‘* DISPYROS, read DIOSPYROS. . Add Rhinanthus Crista-Galli, L. Newport, Tweedy. Before Order 66, insert
ORDER NYCTAGINACEA.
Oxybaphus nyctagineus, Sweet. E. Providence,
Arnold Green, Esq.
For SAMPHINE, read SAMPHIRE. Add P. Pennsylvanicum, L. Common. For Peir. read Poir.
‘* Caw, read Carr.
‘* verticellata, read verticillata.
‘* auceps, read anceps.
‘¢ Bay, read Boa.
‘* microcarpum, read microcarpon.
and 24. For C. read P.
For PHRAGMITIS, read PHRAGMITES.
‘* Ebeneum, read ebeneum.
‘* septentrionavis, read septentrionalis. Add var. gracilis, Engelm. Larkin’s Pond. For Heau, read Hedw.
‘* Sebth, read Sibth.
Page 62, 1. 12. Th, ) Wey 44, ny ais. ol Pant BO," ** 11: ve 95, ‘< 6. Pape, 5%. 12, “e ce ce 16. era hO, ** 26. aa.) G. ** 108 and 109. arowed, lL. 16,
xiii
For Scbwegr, read Schwegr. ‘“ Dureii, read Duriei. ‘“ foensecii, read foenisecii. ‘‘ brunalis, read brumalis. ‘“ LYNGBIA, read LYNGBYA. Add No. 44. Add No. 42. For Spherophea, read Spheroplea. ‘ RHIZOZLONIUM, read RHIZOCLO- NIUM.
For Ehrh. wherever it occurs, read Ehrb.
For Thwaiter, read Thwaites.
112, ‘* 3. Add var. Crux-Africanum, Wolle. Cat
Swamp.
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SERIES LI. PHANOGAMIA. Crass I. DICOTYLEDONES. Sus-Ciass I. ANGIOSPERMZ.
Division I. POLYPETALZ.
ORDER 1. RANUNCULACES. CLEMATIS, L. Vtrer’s Bower. verticillaris, D. C. Johnston. Virginiana, L.
ANEMONE, L. Wryp-FLower. cylindrica, Gray. Virginiana, L. nemorosa, L. Hepatica, L., var. obtusiloba. Hepatica triloba, Chaiz.
ANEMONELLA, Spach. thalictroides, Spach. Thalictrum anemonoides Miche.
THALICTRUM, Tourn. Meapow-Rve. purpurascens, L. dioicum, L. Cornuti, L.
RANUNCULUS, L. Crowroot, Butrercvp. aquatilis, L., var. trichophyllus, Chaix. multifidus, Pursh. alismeefolius, Geyer. Little Compton. Flammula, L., var. reptans, Gray. N. Providence. Cymbalaria, Pursh. abortivus, L. recurvatus, Poiret. Pennsylvanicus, L. fascicularis, Muhl. repens, L.
i. 12.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND,
bulbosus, L. acris, L.
CALTHA, L. Marsu MarRIcoLp. palustris, L.
COPTIS, Salisb. GoutprHREaD. trifolia, Salisb. AQUILEGIA, L. CoLumsBrne. Canadensis, L.
ACT A A,L. Conosn. spicata, L., var. rubra, Michx. alba, Bigelow.
CIMICIFUGA, L. Brack SNAKEROOT. racemosa, Ell.
ORDER 2. MAGNOLIACEHA.
LIRIODENDRON, L. Tuttr-TREE. Tulipifera,; L. :
ORDER 3. _BERBERIDACEZ. BERBERIS, L. Barperry. vulgaris, L. CAULOPHYLLUM, Michx, Pappooss-Roor.
thalictroides, Michx. Cumberland, Olney. Smithfield, Battey.
PODOPHYLLUM, L. May-Appte. peltatum, L. Hopkinton, Bennett.
ORDER 4. NYMPHAACEAS. BRASENIA, Schreb. WatTer-SHIELD. peltata, Pursh. NYMPH AA. Ponp-Liry. odorata, Ait.
var. Minor. var. rosea. Warwick, Dr. George Thurber, Bennett.
NUPHAR, Smith. Sparrer-pock. advena, Ait.
po
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 3
ORDER 5. SARRACHNIACEZ.
SARRACENIA, Tourn. SmeE-saADDLE FLOWER. purpurea, L.
ORDER 6. PAPAVERACEA. CHELIDONIUM, L. CeEeLanpine. majus, L.
SANGUINARIA, Dill. Broop-Roor. Canadensis, L.
GLAUCIUM, Tourn. Horn-Poppy. luteum, Scop.
ORDERT. FUMARIACEA. ADLUMIA, Raf. cirrhosa, Raf. Cumberland, rare. Foster, Flint. CORYDALIS, Vent. glauca, Pursh. FUMARIA, L. Fumirory. officinalis, L. An occasional weed.
ORDER 8. CRUCIFERA.
NASTURTIUM, R.Br. Cress.
officinale, R. Br. palustre, D. C. Armoracia, Fries. Horsse-RaApIsu.
CARDAMINE, L. Lanpy’s-Smock.
rhomboidea, D. C. hirsuta, L. var. sylvatica, Gray.
ARABIS, L. Rock-Cress. levigata, D.C. Canadensis, L. perfoliata, Lam.
BARBAREA, R.Br. WInTER-CREss. vulgaris, R. Br.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
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Er
Poot
ERYSIMUM, L. TreAcie-Mustarp. cheiranthoides, L. Providence. SISYMBRIUM, L. Hepee-Mustarp.
officinale, Scop. Sophia, L. J. L. Bennett.
BRASSICA, Tourn. Mustarp. Sinapistrum, Boiss. alba, Boiss. nigra, Boiss.
DRABA, L* Wuittow-Grass. Caroliniana, Walt. verna, L. CAMELINA, Cranz. Fatss-Fiax. Sativa, Crantz. CAPSELLA, Vent. SHEPHERD’s-PURSE.
Bursa-Pastoris, Moench.
THLASPI, Tourn. PENNy-CREss. arvense,L. E. Providence, A. Greene, Esq. Providence,
Bennett.
LEPIDIUM, L. PEpprrerR-woert. Virginianum, L. ruderale, L. campestre, L.
Draba, L.
SENEBIERA, D.C. Wart-CREss. Coronopus, D. C. Newport, Bennett. didyma, Pers. Newport, Bennett.
CAKILH, Tourn. Sra-Rocker. Americana, Nutt.
RAPHANUS, L. Rapisu.
Raphanistrum, L. sativum, L. Occasionally spontaneous.
ORDER 9. RESHDACEHA.
RESEDA, L. MIGNONETTE. Luteola, L. Wanskuck, Olney. DyERs-WEED.
* Alyssum maritimum, L. is (rarely) spontaneous.
Pr PS
10. 11.
rer *
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 5
ORDER 10. VIOLACEZA. VIOLA, L. VIo er. rotundifolia, Michx. Burrillville, Bennett. lanceolata, L. primulefolia, L. blanda, Willd, & var. odorata, L.
palmata, L. V. cucullata, var. palmata. var. cucullata. V. cucullata, Ait. sagittata, Ait., & vars.* pedata, L. var. bicolor. Bailey, Bennett. canina, L., var. Muhlenbergii, Gray. V. canina, var. sylvestris, Regel. striata, Ait. pubescens, Ait. var. scabriuscula. Dr. George Thurber. Prov- idence, Bennett.
ORDER 11. CISTACEA. HELIANTHEMUM, Tourn. Rock-Rose. Canadensis, Michx. Icr-Worr. HUDSONIA, L. ericoides, L. tomentesa, Nutt. LECHEA, L. Pry-WEEp.
major, Michx. thymifolia, Pursh. minor, Lam., var. racemulosa.
var. tenuifolia. Novee-Cesaree, Austin. Quidnesset, Bennett.
ORDER 12. DROSHERACEZA.
DROSERA, L. Sun-Dew. rotundifolia, L. intermedia, Hayne, var. Americanum, D. C.
D. longifolia, L. ORDER 13. HYPHRICACEAS. HYPERICUM, L. St. Jown’s-Worrt.
adpressum, Barton. ellipticum, Hook.
* A variety with fragrant white flowers occurs at Quidnessett.
SP Om oO
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PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
perforatum, L. corymbosum, Muhl. mutilum, L. Canadense, L. var. Major. Sarothra, Mich. PINe-weep. ELODES, Adans.
campanulata, Pursh. E. Virginica, Arn.
ORDER 14. ELATINACEA. ELATINE, L. Warter-Wort. Americana, Arnott.
ORDER 15. CARYOPHYLLACEA. DIANTHUS, L. Pinx. Armeria, L. SAPONARIA, L. Soapworr. officinalis, L. VACCARIA, Medik. Cow-Hers. vulgaris, Host. SILENHE, L. CarcaHrty.
stellata, Ait. inflata, Sm. BLAappER-CAMPION.
Pennsylvanica, Michx. Apponaug, &c. antirrhina, L. noctiflora, L. Providence.
LYCHNIS, Tourn.
vespertina, Sibth. Githago, Lam. CocKLe. diurna, L. Providence, &c.
ARENARIA, L. SAanpwort.
serpyllifolia, L. Grcenlandica, Spreng. Westerly, Mr. George Hunt. laterifiora, L. peploides, L. STEHELLARIA, L. Srarworr. media, Sm. CHICK-WEED.
longifolia, Muhl. borealis, Bigelow.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 7
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CERASTIUM, L. Mouvsre-Ear CHICKWEED. vulgatum, L. viscosum, L. arvense, L. Cumberland, Providence, Bennett. SAGINA, L. PEARLWORT. procumbens, L. apetala, L. LEPIGONIUM, Fries. SAnp-SPuRRER. rubrum, Fries. Spergularia rubra, Presl. salinum, Fries. (?) Spergularia salina, Presl. medium, Fries. Spergularia media, Presl. SPERGULA, L. SpurRREY. arvensis, L.
ORDER 16. PORTULACACEA. PORTULACA, Tourn. PERLSLANE. oleracea, L. CLAYTONIA, L. Sprine-BEauty. Virginica, L. S. Kingstown, Olney.
ORDER 17. MAL VACEZ.
MALVA,L. MALtLows. rotundifolia, L. sylvestris, L. crispa, L. moschata, L. ABUTILON, Tourn. InpIAN MALLow. Avicenne, Gertn.
HIBISCUS, L. Trionunm, L. Arnold Greene, Esq. Syriacus, L. S. Kingstown, J. W. Congdon, Esq. Moscheutos, L. OrvER 18. TILIACEA.
TILIA, L. Lriypen Basswoop. Americana, L. Wick-up TREE.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
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ORDER 19. LINACEA.
LINUM, L. Frax. Virginianum, L. striatum, Walt. sulcatum, Riddell. usitatissimum, L., frequent on waste-heaps.
ORDER 20. GERANIACEZ.
GERANIUM, L. Crane’s-Brtz. maculatum, L. Carolinianum, L. dissectum, L. Robertianum, L. ERODIUM, L’Her. Srorx’s-Brxt.
cicutarium, L’Her.
IMPATIENS, L. Batsam. pallida, Nutt. fulva, Nutt. JEWwEL-WEED.
OXALIS, L. Woop-Sorrett.
Acetosella, L. violacea, L. corniculata, L., var. stricta. O. stricta, L.
ORDER 21. RUTACEAS.
ZLANTHOXYLUM, Colden. Prickty Asn. Americanum, Mill.
ORDER 22. ANACARDIACEA.
RHUS, L. Sumacu. typhina, L. glabra, L. copallina, L. venenata, L. Swamp SumacH. Doewoopn. Toxicodendron, L. Poison Ivy. Porson OAK. var. radicans.
ORDER 23. VITACEZA.
VITIS, Tournf. Grape. Labrusca, L. Fox GRAPE.
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PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 9
eestivalis, Michx. SuMMER GRAPE. cordifolia, Michx. Frost GRAPE. E. Providence, &c. riparia, Michx. Frost GRAPE. N. Kingstown; E. Greenwich.
AMPELOPSIS, Michx. Vrreinisa CREEPER. quinquefolia, Michx.
ORDER 24. RHAMNACEHA.
RHAMNUS, Tourn. BUCKTHORN. catharticus, L.
CHANOTHUS, L. Jersey-TEa. Americanus, L.
ORDER 25. CHLASTRACEA.
CELASTRUS, L. Brrrer SWEET. scandens, L.
ORDER 26. SAPINDACEHAS. STAPHYLEA, L. BLaAppDER NUT.
trifolia, L. Buck-Hill woods, Bennett. ACER, Tourn. MAPLE.
Pennsylvanicum, L. Cumberland, Burrillville.
spicatum, Lam. Exeter, Bennett.
saccharinum, Wang. SuGAR-MAPLE. var. nigrum.
rubrum, L.
dasycarpum, Ehrh. Smithfield, &c. NEGUNDO, Moench. Box ELDER.
aceroides, Moench. E. Greenwich, Bennett.
ORDER 27. POL YGALACEA.
POL YGALA, Tourn. MiILkKwort. sanguinea, L. Nuttallii, T. & G. cruciata, L.
brevifolia, Nutt. Apponaug, Olney, Dr. Robbins. verticillata, L. Senega, L. SENEGA SNAKE Root. Olney.
polygama, Walt. paucifolia, Willd.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
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ORDER 28. LEGUMINOSZ.
LUPINUS, Tourn. Luprye. perennis, L.
CROTALARIA,L. Rartte Box. sagittalis, lL.
TRIFOLIUM, L. Crover. arvense, L. pratense, L. medium, L. hybridum, L. repens, L. agrarium, L. procumbens, L.
MELILOTUS, Tourn. Metimor. Sweet CLover.
officinalis, Willd. alba, Lam.
MEDICAGO, L. Mepicx. sativa, lL. Lucerne. Sometimes spontaneous (?) lupulina, L. maculata, Willd. denticulata, L.
LOTUS. siliquosus, L. Newport, Bennett.
ROBINIA, L. Acacra. Pseudacacia, L. hispida, L. Rosr-Acacra. Fully established at Quinsnaket.
THPHROSIA, Pers. Virginiana, Pers. Goat’s Rur. CarTeur.
DESMODIUM, D.C. Tick Trerom.
nudifiorum, D. C. acuminatum, D. C. rotundifolium, D. C. humifusum, Beck. N. Providence, Johnston. canescens, D. C. Warwick, Congdon. cuspidatum, T. &. G. Dillenii, Darlington. paniculatum, D. C. Canadense, D. C. Davisville, &c. sessilifolium, T. &G. E. Greenwich, Congdon, Apponaug,
Bennett.
11. 12. 13.
ad
ll oe
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 1l
rigidum, D. C. ciliare, D. C. Marilandicum, Boott.
LESPEDEZA, Michx. BusH-CLover.
procumbens, Michx. violacea, Pers. Stuvei, Nutt.
hirta, Ell.
forma unifoliolata. Quidnessett, Bennett. capitata, Michx.
var. angustifolia. Davisville, Bennett.
VICIA, Tourn. VEtcH.
sativa, L. tetrasperma, L. Newport, Bennett. Cracca, L.
LATHYRUS, L. VEtcuHiine. maritimus, Bigelow. BracH PEA. palustris, L.
APIOS, Boerhaave. tuberosa, Moench. Grounp-NUT.
PHASEOLUS, L. Bean. diversifolia, Pers.
AMPHICARPAVA, Ell. Hoe PEeanvt.
monoica, Nutt.
BAPTISIA, Vent. Fatss Inpico. tinctoria, R. Br.
CASSIA, L. Senna. Marilandica, L. Chamecrista, L. PARrTRIDGE-PEA. nictitans, L. Wui_p SENSITIVE-PLANT. GLEDITSCHIA, L. Honey-Locvust.
triacanthos, L. Spontaneous.
ORDER 29. ROSACEA.
PRUNUS, Tourn. Prium. CuHeErRrRy. Americana, Marshall. N. Kingstown, &c. maritima, Wang. BEAcH-PLUM. spinosa, L. Brack THorn. J. W. Congdon, Esq.
12
aa
NE ie ke
bo
Se are ee ee ee
pie ee al a
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
pumila, L. Dwarr CHERRY. Pennsylvanica, L. Witp Rep CHERRY. Virginica, L. CHoxr CHERRY. serotina, Ehrh. Wi_p BLack CHERRY.
SPIRAA, L. salicifolia, L. Mzapow Sweet. tomentosa, L. HarpHACK. AGRIMONIA, Tourn. Agerimony. Eupatoria, L. GHUM,L. Avens.
album, Gmelin. Virginianum, L. strictum, Ait.
rivale, L. POTENTILLA, L. Frve-FinGer. fruticosa, L. Westerly, &c., Bennett:
Norvegica, L. Canadensis, L. var. Simplex, T. & G. argentea, L. Anserina, L. recta, L. Providence, C. E. Bennett, Prof. Bailey.
FRAGARIA, Tourn. STRAWBERRY. Virginiana, Ehrh. vesca, L.
RUBUS, Tourn. BLackBERRY. RASPBERRY.
odoratus, L. FLowERING BLACKBERRY.
triflorus, Richardson. DwaArr RASPBERRY.
strigosus, Michx. Rrep RASPBERRY.
occidentalis, L.* THIMBLEBERRY.
villosus, Ait. HieguH BLACKBERRY.
Canadensis, L. Low BLAcKBERRY.
hispidus, L. Swamp BLACKBERRY.
Dalibarda. Burrillville, Bennett. Dalibarda, repens, L.
ROSA, Tourn. Rose.
Carolina, L. Swamp Rose.
lucida, Ehrhart. Dwarr WILD Rose. rubiginosa, L. Sweet BRIER. micrantha, Sm. SMALL FLOWERED Rose.
* A yellow fruited var. is found at Quidnessett.
il a 18
as 2;
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 13
CRAT AGUS, L. Tuory.
Oxyacantha,L. Hawrnory.
coccinea, L. ScARLET THORN.
tomentosa, L., var. pyrifolia. Pear THORN. var. punctata.
Crus-Galli, L. PIRUS, L. CHoKeserry. arbutifolia, L., var. erythrocarpa. Quidnessett, &c. var. melanocarpa. Americana, D.C. MovunrTarn AsH. Burrillville.
AMELANCHIER, Medik. SHap-FLower. Canadensis, T. & G. var. Botryapium. var. oblongifolia. var. rotundifolia.
ORDER 30. SAXIFRAGACEA.
RIBES, L. oxycanthoides, L. GoosEBERRY. R. hirtellum, Miche. floridum, L. Wi_~p Biack CURRANT. PARNASSIA, Tourn. Grass or PARNASSUS. Caroliniana, Michx.
SAXIFRAGA, L. SAXIFRAGE. Virginiensis, Michx. Pennsylvanica, L.
CHRYSOSPLENIUM, Tourn. GoLpEN SAXIFRAGE.
Americanum, Schwein.
ORDER 31. CRASSULACEA. PENTHORUM, Gronov. Dutcu STonE-CRop. sedoides, L.
SEDUM, Tourn. Srone-Crop. acre, L. Telephium, L. LIvE-FOR-EVER.
ORDER 32. _ HAMAMELACEA.
HAMAMELIS, L. Witcu-Hazet. Virginica, L.
14 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ORDER 33. HALORAGE A. MYRIOPHYLLUM, Vaill. Warer Mirrom.
1. spicatum, L. Long Pond, Providence.
2. scabratum, Michx.
3. ambiguum, Nutt. Providence. var. limosum. Quidnessett. var. natans. var. capillaceus. Providence, &c.
4. tenellum, Bigelow.
CALLITRICHH, L. Water Srar-wort. verna, L. heterophylla, Pursh. Hunt’s river, Congdon. PROSEHERPINACA, L. MeRMAID-WEED.
1. palustris, L. 2. pectinacea, Lam.
ne
ORDER 34. ONAGRACEA.
CIRC AA, Tourn. ENCHANTER’s NIGHTSHADE. 1. Lutetiana, L. alpina, L. HPILOBIUM, L. Wi tiow-Hers.
1. spicatum, Lam. E. angustifolium, L. 2 hirsutum, L. 3. palustre, L., var. lineare. 4. molle, Torr. 5. coloratum, Muhl.
CGINOTHERA, L. Eventnc-PRIMROSE. 1. biennis, L., & vars. 2. fruticosa, L. Seekonk, A. Greene, Esq. 3. pumila, L. LUDWIGIA, L. Fatse Loosestrire.
1. alternifolia, L. Srrp-Box. 2. palustris, L.
ORDER 35. MELASTOMACEA. RHEXIA, L. Merapow-Beaury. Virginica, L.*
*In North Kingstown I have found this plant with narrow leaves and white flowers.
bo
bo
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 1d
ORDER 36. LYTHRACE4. AMMANTIA, Houston.
humilis, Michx. No. Providence, Congdon. LYTHRUM, L. LooseEstRIFe.
Hyssopifolia, L. Warren, Greene.
alatum, Pursh. Buttonwoods, Bailey.
Salicaria, L. NES AA, Commerson. Swamp LOOSESTRIFE. verticillata, H. B. K.
CUPHEA, Jacq. vViscosissima, Jacq. Tiverton, Prof. Sargent.
ORDER 37. CUCURBITACEA. SICYOS, L. Srar-CUCUMBER. angulatus, L. ECHINOCYSTI Ss, T. & G. Witp BALsaM-APPLE. lobatus, T. & G.
ORDER 38. CACTACEHA.
OPUNTIA, Tourn. Prickiy PEAR. vulgaris, Mill. Westerly, Bennett.
ORDER 39. FICOIDEA.
MOLLUGO, L. verticillata, L. InpIAN CHICK-WEED.
OrDER 40. UMBELLIFER4.
HYDROCOTYLE, Tourn. Water PENNYWoRT.
Americana, L. umbellata, L. interrupta, Muhl. Block Island, Olney.
CRANTZIA, Nutt. lineata, Nutt. SANICULA, Tour. SaAnicLe, BLAcK SNAKEROOT.
Canadensis, L. Marilandica, L.
16
—
rs
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
DAUCUS, Tourn. Carrot. Carota, L.
HERACLEUM, L. Cow-PARsnep. lanatum, Michx.
PASTINACA, Tourn. PARSNEP.
sativa, L. ANGELICA, L.
atropurpurea, L. Archangelica, Hoffm. C@LOPLEHURUM, Ledeb. Gmelini, Ledeb. Narragansett. Archangelica, Hoffm. ZE THUSA, L. Fooms’ PaRstey. Cynapiun, L. LIGUSTICUM, L. Lovagce. Scoticum, L. THASPIUM, Nutt. Mreapow PARsnep.
aureum, Nutt. trifoliatum, var. atropurpureum, T. & G. Warwick, Olney. PIMPINELLA, Beuth. integerrima, Beuth & Hook. Zizia integerrima, D. C. DISCOPLEURA, D.C. Mock BisHop-WEED. capillacea, D. C. AEAGAPODIUM, L. Gout-WEEp. Podagraria, L. Providence, Bailey. Wickford, Bennett. CICUTA, L. Water HEMLOCK.
maculata, L. bulbifera, L. SIUM, L. WarerR-PARSNEP.
cicutzfolium, Gmel. S. lineare, Michz. N. Kingstown, &c.
Carsoni, Durand. No. Kingstown. CRYPTOT ANIA, D.C. Hone-Worrt. Canadensis, D. C. OSMORHIZA, Raf. Sweet CIcE.y.
longistylis, D. C. brevistylis, D. C.
le cB Sa oe
a
sa
ee ee
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 17
BIFORA, Hoffm. radians, M.v. B. Providence, Bennett.
CONIUM, L. HeEmtock. maculatum, L.
ORDER 41. ARALIACH A.
ARALIA, Tourn. racemosa, L. SPIKENARD. hispida, Michx. WrLp-ELDER. nudicaulis, L. SARSAPARILLA. quinquefolia, (L.) GINSENG. trifolia, (L.) GINSENG.
ORDER 42. CORNACHEA.
CORNUS, Tourn. CoRNEL.
Canadensis, L. Dwarr CoRNEL.
florida, L. FLowErine Doewoop.
circinata, L’ Her.
sericea, L.
stolonifera, Michx. Mr. Hunt. paniculata, L’ Her.
alternifolia, L.
NYSSA, L. TuPpeto. multifiora, Wang.
Division II. MONOPETALZ.
ORDER 45. CAPRIFOLIACEA..
SAMBUCUS, Tourn. ELpDER.
Canadensis, L. racemosa, L. S. pubens, Miche.
VIBURNUM, L. Arrow Woop.
lantanoides, Michx. Hopsie-BusH.. Cumberland, Bur- rillville. acerifolium, L. MApie-LEAvVED ARROW Woop. dentatum, L. Arrow Woop. cassinoides, (L.) V. nudum, L. var. cassinoides. nudum, L. WirHer Rop. Lentago, L. SHEEPBERRY. SWEET VIBURNUM.
2
18
go eo oe
eS
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
TRIOSTEUM, L. FEvERwokr. perfoliatum, L. LINN ZZ A, Gronor. borealis, Gronov. Snagwood Foster, Bennett. DIERVILLA, Tourn. BusH HonEYSUCKLE. trifida, Moench. LONICERA, L. Honeysuckte.
coerulea, L. oblongifolia, Muhl. Johnston, Hunt & Bailey. sempervirens, Ait. Johnston, Cranston, Bennett. glauca, Hill.
L. parviflora, Lam.
ORDER 44. RUBIACEA.
HOUSTONIA, L. INNocENCcE, BLUETs.
ccerulea, L. purpurea, L. var. longifolia.*
CHPHALANTHUS, L. Bourton Busu. occidentalis, L. MITCHELLA, L. Parrrmce-Berry.
repens, L. GALIUM, L. BeEp-straw CLEAVERS. Aparine, L. Silver Spring, Congdon.
pilosum, Ait. circzezans, Michx. lanceolatum, Torr.
-trifidum, L.
var. latifolium. asprellum, Michx. triflorum, Michx. verum, L. Greenwich, Congdon. Quidnesset, Bennett.
ORDER 45. COMPOSITA. VERNONIA, Schreb. Iron WEED. Noveboracensis, Willd. MIKANIA, Willd. Ciomrye Hemp-WEED. scandens, L.
* The narrow-leaved form (H. tenuifolia, Nutt) is found on Hope Island.
osteo
ry
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 19
EUPATORIUM, Tourn. THorovuGHwort.
purpureum, L. Jor-PyE WEED. var. maculatum, Darl.
hyssopifolium, L. teucrifolium, Willd. rotundifolium, L.
var. ovatum, Torr.
E. pubescens, Muhl. sessilifolium, L. perfoliatum, L. ageratoides, L. f. Wuire SNAKE Root. aromaticum, L. Quidnessett, Bennett. Smithfield, Cong-
don. LIATRIS, Schreb. Brazine STar. scariosa, Willd. CHRYSOPSIS, Nutt. Goitpren Aster. falcata, Ell. SOLIDAGO, L. GoLpEN Rop.
ceesia, L. latifolia, L. bicolor, L. var. concolor, Torr. & Gray. Quidnessett, Bennett. uliginosa, Nutt. Hopkinton, &c., Bennett.
S. stricta, Ait. puberula, Nutt. odora, Ait. speciosa, Nutt. Smithfield, &c.
rugosa, Mill.
S. altissima, L. ulmifolia, Muhl. Elliottii, T. & G.
S. elliptica, Ait. neglecta, T. & G.
var. linoides, T. & G. S. linoides, Solander. arguta, Ait. S. Muhlenbergii, T. & G. juncea, Ait. S. arguta, Ait, var. juncea. serotina, Ait. var. gigantea, Gray.
S. gigantea, Ait. Canadensis, L. nemoralis, Ait. rigida, L. Buttonwood; Quidnessett, Bennett. lanceolata L. Quidnessett, &c. tenuifolia, Pursh.
20
@ OC 99 PO
26.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
SERICOCARPUS, Nees. WHITE-TOPPED ASTER. solidagineus, Nees. conyzoides, Nees. ASTER, L. Srarwort, ASTER. corymbosus, Ait. macrophyllus, L.
Herveyi, Gray. Tiverton, Prof. Sargent. spectabilis, Ait. radula, Ait. E. Providence, Warwick, Worden’s Pond.
Nove-Anglie, L. Micn#ztmas Daisy. var. rosea, D. C. var. with rays white! Pettaconsett. concolor, L. Near Worden’s pond, Miss Barstow. patens, Ait. var. phlogifolius, Nees. undulatus, L. cordifolius, L. sagittifolius, Willd. leevis, L. var. Cyaneus. ericoides, L. No. Providence, Olney. E. Greenwich, Ben- nett. amethystinus, Nutt. Cumberland, Congdon. N. Provi- dence, Bennett. multifiorus, Ait. dumosus, L. vimineus, Lam. A. miser, L. Ait. var. foliolosus, Gray. diffusus, Ait. A. miser, L. Ait., in part. Tradescanti, L. paniculatus, Lam. A. simplex, Willd. salicifolius, Ait. A. carneus, Nees.
junceus, Ait. A, estivus, Ait.
longifolius, Lam. Novi-Belgii, L. var. elodes, Gray. A. longifolius, in part. puniceus, L. var. lucidulus.
A. puniceus, L. var. vimineus.
var. levicaulis. umbellatus, Mill.
Diplopappus umbellatus, T. & G.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 21
Poh
on
Pe? Pp
infirmus, Michx. S. Kingstown, Hunt & Bennett. Diplopappus cornifolius, Darl. linariifolius, L.
Diplopappus linariifolius, Hook. acuminatus, Michx. nemoralis, Ait. Burrillville, Dr. Robbins. W. Greenwich, &c.
tenuifolius, L. A. flexuosus, Nutt. subulatus, Michx. A. linifolius, L. ERIGERON, L. FLEABANE. bellidifolius, Muhl. Rosins PLANTAIN. Philadelphicus, L. annuus, Pers. strigosus, Muhl. var. discoideus, Robbins. Providence, &c. Canadensis, L. Horszk WEED, MAReEs-TAIL.
PLUCHEA, Cass. Sart MArsH FLEABANE. camphorata, D. C.
ANTENNARIA, R. Br. EveEeRtastine. plantaginifohia, Hook.
ANAPHALIS, D.C. Prearty EverRvastine. margaritacea, Benth & Hook. Antennaria margaritacea, R. Br. GNAPHALIUM, L. decurrens, Ives. EVERLASTING. polycephalum, Michx. Common EVERLASTING. uliginosum, L. Low CupDWEED. purpureum, L. PURPLE CUDWEED. INULA, L. ELEecAmMpPaANe. Helenium, L. IVA, L. HicH WATER SHRUvB. frutescens, L. AMBROSIA, Tourn. RAGween. artemisizfolia, L. Horse WormMwEED. XANTHIUM, Tourn. Cockiesvur, CLotrsur.
strumarium, L. Canadense, Mill, var. echinatum. XA. strumarium, var. echinatum.
22
mY Se
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
spinosum, L. Newport. RUDBECKIA, L. ConE-FLOWER. laciniata, L. | hirta, L. Durcu-Datsy. HELIANTHUS, L. SUNFLOWER. divaricatus, L. strumosus, L.
decapetalus, L. tuberosus, L. JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE.
COREOPSIS, L. Tickstep.
rosea, Nutt. Providence, North Providence.
trichosperma, Michx. South Kingstown.
discoidea, T. & G. Quidnesset, Bennett. BIDENS, L.
frondosa, L. Breear-Ticks.
connata, Muhl. Swamp BEGGAR-TICKS.
cernua, L. SMALL BURMARIGOLD.
chrysanthemoides, Michx. Larner BURMARIGOLD.
bipinnata. SPANISH NEEDLES. Cove lands, Providence, Congdon.
Beckii, Torr. WATER MARIGOLD.
GALINSOGA, Rinz & Pavon.
parviflora, Cav. Providence, Prof. Bailey. HELENIUM, L.
autumnale, L. SNEEZE-WEED. Molasses Hill, Bennett.
nudifiorum, Nutt. Quinsnaket.
Leptopoda brachypoda, T. & G.
ANTHEMIS, L. Cotula, L. MaAy-WEEp.
Maruta Cotula, D. C. arvensis, L. Corn CHAMOMILE. nobilis, L. CuHAmomiLe. Fully established!
ACHILLEA, L. Yarrow. Millefolium, L.*
CHRYSANTHEMOUM, L. Wuire WEep.
Leucanthemum, L. Ox-Eye Daisy. Leucanthemum vulgare, Lam. Parthenium, Pers. Frever Few. Leucanthemum Parthenium, Godron.
* A variety with very rosy flowers grows on Wakefield Hill, Warwiek.
gl ot oa
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 23
Balsamita, L., var. tanacetoides, Boiss. Bam. Established! TANACETUM, L. Tansy. vulgare, L. var. crispum. Quidnessett. ARTEMISIA, L. Wormwoop. caudata, Michx. vulgaris, L. Mvuewort. Absinthium, L. Wormwoop.
biennis, L. Providence, Prof. Bailey. TUSSILAGO, Tourn. Cotts Foor. Farfara, L. Smithfield, Cranston, Bennett.
SENECIO, L. GrounpnseEt. aureus, L. SQquAW-WEED. var. oboyatus, T. & G. var. Balsamite, T. & G. vulgaris, L.
Viscosus, L. Providence, &c. CACALIA, L. INnpDIAN PLANTAIN. suaveolens, L. Providence, &c. Not common.
ERECHTHITES, Raf. Fire-Weep. hieracifolia, Raf. ARCTIUM, L. Burpock.
Lappa, L. Lappa officinalis, Allioni.
var.majus. var. minus. Wanskuck; Burrillville. Dr. Robbins.
CNICUS, L. (Tourn.) Tutstwe. arvensis, Hoffm. CANADA THISTLE. Cirsium arvense, Scap. lanceolatus, Hofim. Cirsium lanceolatum, Scap. horridulus, Pursh. YELLow THISTLE. Cirsium horridulum, Miche. pumilus, Torr. PasrurEe THISTLE. Corsium pumilum, Spreng. altissimus, Willd. Cirsium altissimum, Spreng. var. discolor. Cirsium discolor, Gray. muticus, Pursh. Swamp THISTLE. Cirsium muticum, Miche.
24
ath
ee ol al lal
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ONOPORDON, Vaill. Careren THISTLE. Acanthiumn, L.
CENTAUREA, L.
Cyanus, L. Corn FLOWER. nigra, K. Knap-WEED. Jacea, L. Providence, Bennett.
LAMPSANA, Tourn. Niepre-Woert. communis, L.
KRIGIA, Schreb. Dwarr DANDELION. Virginica, L. CICHORIUM, Tourn. Cuicory. Intybus, L.
LHONTODON, L. Fatt DANDELION. autumnealis, L.
HIERACIUM, Tourn. HAwWKWEED.
aurantiacum, L. Providence, &e. Canadense, Michx. paniculatum, L. venosum, L RATTLESNAKE-WEED. marianum, Willd. H. scabrum, Micha, in part. scabrum, Michx. Gronovii, L.
PREHENANTHHES, Vaill. RarrLtesnake-Root. alba, L. Wuire Lerruce. Nabalus alba, Hook. Serpentaria, Pursh. Lion’s Foor. Nabalus Fraseri, D. C. altissima, L. Nabalus altissimus, Hook.
TARAXACUM, Haller. DaAnvetion. officinale, Weber. T. Dens-leonis, Desf. LACTUCA, Tourn. Lerruce.
Canadensis, L. integrifolia, Bigelow. LL. Canadensis, T. & G. var. hirsuta, Muhl. L. Canadensis, var. sanguinea, T. & G.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 25
bo
a
ear .
oF ON
leucophea, Gray. Mulgedium leucopheum, D. C. SONCHUS, L. Sow THISTLE.
oleraceus, L. asper, Vill. arvensis, L.
OrveR 46. LOBELIACHA.
LOBELIA, L. cardinalis, L. CARDINAL FLOWER. var. alba. inflata, L. Inpran TosBacco. spicata, Lam. Dortmanna, L. Water LoBELta. OrprER 47. CAMPANULACEA.
CAMPANULA, Tourn. BELLWoRT. aparinoides, Pursh. rapunculoides, L. SPECULARIA, Heister. Venus Looktne-GLass. perfoliata, A. D. C.
ORDER 48. HRICACEA,
GAYLUSSACIA, H.B.K. Huck Leperry. dumosa, T.&G. S. Kingstown, Mr. Hunt. Quidnessett, Bennett. frondosa, T. & G. DANGLEBERRY. resinosa, T. & G. Brack HUCKLEBERRY.
VACCINIUM, L.
Oxycoccus, L. SMALL CRANBERRY. macrocarpon, Ait. LARGE CRANBERRY. Pennsylvanicum, Lam.* Low BLUEBERRY. vacillans, Solander.* CANADA BLUEBERRY. corymbosum, L.* Swamp WHORTLEBERRY.
var. amMoenum,
var. glabrum.
var. atrococcum.
CHIOGENES, Salisb. SNowBERRY. hispidula, T. & G. Foster, &c. Rare.
ARCTOSTAPHYLOS, Adans. BEARBERRY. Uva-Ursi, Spreng.
* These species produce sometimes the (so-called) white whortleberries.
26
Poo
_ .
PLANTS
OF RHODE ISLAND.
EPIG AA, L.
repens, L. MAyYF.L GAU
OWER, TRAILING ARBUTUS.
LTHERIA, Kalm.
procumbens, lL. WINTERGREEN. LEUCOTHOBHE, Don.
racemosa, Gray.
CASSANDRA, Don. LEATHERLEAF.
calyculata, Don.
ANDROMBEDA, L. Mariana, L. Sracerer-Busu.
ligustrina, Muhl.
CLETHRA, L. alnifolia, L. Swrrer PEPPER.
KALMIA, L. Lavret.
latifolia, L. CaALic
o-BusH, High Laurel.
angustifolia, L. Lams-Kin1i, Low Laurel.
RHODODENDRON, L.
viscosum, Torr. WHITE SwAMp-CHEESE. Azalea viscosa, L.
nudifiorum, Torr.
PINK AZALEA.
Azalea nudiflora, L. maximum, L. Rosn-Bay. S. Kingstown, &c.
Rhodora, (L.)
Rhodora Canadensis, L.
PYROLA, Tourn. rotundifolia, L. Woop-Lerruce. elliptica, Nutt. Sur-Lear. chlorantha, Swartz. Somewhat rare.
secunda, L.
MONESES, Salish.
unifiora, Salisb. Russell.
Burrillville, Bennett. Smithfield, Mr.
CHIMAPHILA, Pursh. umbellata, Nutt. Prince’s Pine, PipsissEwa.
maculata, Pursh. MO
SPOTTED PIPSISSEWA.
NOTROPA, L.
uniflora, L. InpIAN PIPEs. Hypopitys, L. Pine-Sap.
ym 99 bo pt
Se
he salt lll alll
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 27
OrvDER 49. AQUIFOLIACEA.
ILEX, L. opaca, Ait. HOoLty. So. Kingstown, &c. verticillata, Gray. BLack ALDER. levigata, Gray. SmMooTH ALDER. glabra, Gray, INKBERRY. N. Kingstown. NEMOPANTHES, Raf. Canadensis, D.C. Mounrarn Hotty.
ORDER 50. HBENACEA.
DISPYROS, L. Virginiana, L. PERsimMon. Woonsocket, Olney.
ORDER 51. PLANTAGINACEZ.
PLANTAGO, L. PLANTAIN. major, L. Rugelii, Decaisne. E. Providence, Bennett. P. Kamschatica, Cham. decipiens, Barneoud. P. maritima, L. var. juncoides. lanceolata, L. Rrsworr.
Virginica, L. Providence.
pusilla, Nutt. Potawomut, Congdon.
Patagonica, Jacq., var. aristata, Gray. Quidnessett, Bennett.
ORDER 52. PLUMBAGINACE A. STATICHEH, Tourn. Marsy RoseMARY. Limonium, L., var. Caroliniana.
ORDER 53. PRIMULACEA. TRIENTALIS, L. CuHickwEep-WINTERGREEN. Americana, Pursh. LYSIMACHIA, Tourn. LoosEstrire.
stricta, Ait. quadrifolia, L.
thyrsifiora, L. Dr. Geo. Thurber. nummularia, L. vulgaris, L. Middletown, Prof. Bailey.
STEIRONEMA, Raf. LoosestRIFE.
ciliatum, Raf. Lysimachia ciliata, L.
28 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND,
2. lanceolatum, Gray. Lysimachia lanceolata, Walt. var. hybridum. Lysimachia lanceolata, var. ANAGALLIS, Tourn. Pivrernet. arvensis, L.
SAMOLUS, L. Warer PIMPERNEL. Valerandi, L., var. Americanus, Gray. HOTTONIA, L. FEATHERFOIL.
inflata, Ell. Little Compton, &e.
OrpDER 54. LENTIBULACHA.
UTRICULARIA, L. BLappERwort.
1. inflata,’ L. 2. macrorhiza, Le Conte. U. vulgaris, L.
3. minor, L, Smithfield, Congdon. 4. clandestina, L. East Providence; Quidnessett. 5. intermedia, Hayne. . Providence. 6. biflora, Lam. J. W. Congdon, Esq. 4 gibba, | L.
8. purpurea, Walt.. Lincoln, Cranston, Congdon. 9 resupinata, Greene. S. Kingstown, Olney.
10. cornuta, Michx.
11. subulata, L. Worden’s Pond, Congdon. ORDER 55. OQOROBANCHACE A. HPIPHEGUS, Nutt. Brrcu-Drops.
Virginiana, Barton.
CONOPHOLIS, Wallroth. Cancerr-Roor. Americana, Wallr. Olney. APHYLLON, Mitchell. unifiorum, T. & G. Broom-Rape. ORDER 56. SCROPHULARIACEA. VEHRBASCUM, L. Mutter.
1 Thapsus, L. 2. Blattaria, L.* MotTH-MULLEIN.
3 Lychnitis, L. Wuxire-MuLier.
* The yellow flowered form is seldom found with us.
g9 bo ps
ea
Pe SS
PH
a Ses See ee
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 29
LINARIA, Tourn. Toap-Frax. Canadensis, Spreng. vulgaris, Mill. Burrer AND EG@s. EHlatine, Mill. Middletown, Bennett.
SCROPHULARIA, Tourn. Fiewort. nodosa, L.
CHELONE, Tourn. SNAKE-HEAD.
glabra, L. PENTSTEMON, Mitchell. pubescens, Solander. Cranston, Bennett; Conanicut, L. W. Russell.
MIMULUS, L. Monkey-FiLower. ringens, L. alatus, Ait.
GRATIOLA, L. Hep«Ge-Hyssop. Virginiana, L. aurea, Muhl.
ILYSANTHES, Raf. Fase PIMPERNEL. gratioloides, Benth.
LIMOSELLA, L. Mupwort. aquatica, L., var. tenuifolia, Hoffm. Point Judith.
VERONICA, L. SPEEDWELL.
Virginica, L. CuLver’s Roor. West boundary of State. Anagallis, L.
Americana, Schweinitz.
scutellata, L.
officinalis, L. Providence, J. L. B. serpyllifolia, L.
peregrina, L.
arvensis, L.
agrestis, L. Providence, Apponaug. hederefolia, L. (In Herb. Olney.) -
GEHERARDIA, L. FAtsEe FoxeLove. purpurea, L.* maritima, Raf.* tenuifolia, Vahl.* flava, L. quercifolia, Pursh. pedicularia, L.
* The flowers of these species are frequently white!
30
bo
ee seal el
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
CASTILLBEIA, Mutis. Parnrep Cop. coccinea, Spreng. PEDICULARIS, Tourn. Berony. Canadensis, L. lanceolata, Michx. Exeter, Prof. Bailey. MELAMPYRUM, Tourn. Cow Wueat. Americanum, Michx.
ORDER 57. VERBENACHA.
VERBENA, L. hastata, L. urticifolia, L. officinalis, L. Cranston, Bennett. PHRYMA, L.
Leptostachya, L. OrDER 58. LABIAT A. TEUCRIUM, L. GERMANDER. Canadense, L. TRICHOSTEMA, L. BLUE CurRLs.
dichotomum, L.* lineare, Nutt. N. Providence.
MENTHA,L. Mint. viridis, L. SPEARMINT. piperita, L. PEPPERMINT. Canadensis, L. Canapa-MINT.
LYCOPUS, L. Hoarnounp. Virginicus, L. BuGLEe WEED.
sinuatus, Ell. L. Europeus L. var.
lucidus, Ell. Spectacle Pond, Congdon. L. Europeus L. var.
PYCNANTHEMUM, Michx. Bast. incanum, Michx. muticum, Pers. lanceolatum, Pursh. linifolium, Pursh. THYMUS, L. Ture.
Serpyllum, L. Matunuck, Bennett.
* A variety with pale pink flowers occurs at Quidnessett.
fh tas
ret
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 31
CALAMINTHA, Moench. CALAmInNT. Clinopodium, Benth. .
HEHEDEHOMA, Pers. PENNYROYAL. pulegioides, Pers. COLLINSONIA, L. Horse-Barom. Canadensis, L.
MONARDA, L. Horse Mint. fistulosa, L., var. mollis. Westerly, &c.
NHEPETA, L.
Cataria, L. CarTnep. Glechoma, Benth. Gi, Grounp Ivy.
PHYSOSTHGIA, Benth. Dracon-HeEap. Virginiana, Benth. E. Providence, Mr. Leland.
BRUNELLA, Tourn. SeLr-HEAt. vulgaris, L.
SCUTELLARIA, L. Scurt-Cap.
integrifolia, L. Found once in Cranston. galericulata, L. laterifiora, L.
MARRUBIUM, L. Horenounp.
vulgare, L. East Greenwich, &c. GALEHOPSIS, L. Hemp-Nertte. Tetrahit, L.
Ladanum, L.
STACHYS, L. HeEpGE-NETTLE. palustris, L. aspera, Michx. S. palustris L. var. cordata, Riddell. N. Kingstown, &c. S. palustris L. var. hyssopifolia, Michx. Smithfield, Congdon.
LEONURUS, L. MoruHerwort. Cardiaca, L.
LAMIUM, L. Derap-NETrtLe.
amplexicaule, L. purpureum, L.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
album, L.
BALLOTA, L. Horenovunp. Bier ae, Ll: Providence, Westerly; rather rare.
ORDER 59. BORRAGINACEZ. ECHIUM, Tourn. Virer’s Buetoss. vulgare, L. Providence. LYCOPSIS, L. Buatoss. arvensis, L. Providence, &c* SYMPHTUM, Tourn. Comrrey. officinale, L.
ONOSMODIUM, Michx. Fase GRoMWELL. Virginianum, D. C. Near Greenville, &e.
LITHOSPERMUM, Tourn. GrRomweLt. arvense, L. CoRN-GROMWELL. officinale, L. Uncommon. MYOSOTIS, L. Forcet-mx-nor.
palustris, With. laxa, Lehm. M. palustris, var. laxa. arvensis, Hoffm. verna, Nutt.
CYNOGLOSSUM, Tourn. Howunn’s Toneve. officinale, L. East Greenwich, &c.
ECHINOSPERMU MM, Swartz. Srick-SEED.
Virginicum, Lehm. Cynoglossum Morisoni, D. C.
ORDER 60. CONVOLVULACEHA.
IPOM AA, L. purpurea, Lam. MOoORNING-GLORY.
CONVOLVULUS, L. Brnp-WEEp.
arvensis, L. sepium, L. Calystegia sepium, R. Br. spithamea, (Pursh.) Calystegia spithamea.
S
Sph
SCP err
_
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 33
CUSCUTA. Dopnper.
inflexa, Engelm. Spectacle Pond, in herb. Olney.
chlorocarpa, Engelm.
Gronovii, Willd.
compacta, Juss. East Greenwich, Congdon; Quidnessett, Bennett.
ORDER 61. SOLANACEH A.
SOLANUM, Tourn. Dulcamara, L. BITTERSWEET.
nigrum, L. NIGHTSHADE.
rostratum, Dunal. East Providence, Bennett.
PHYSALIS, L. Grounp CHERRY. Virginiana, Mill.
angulata, L. Providence, &c. pubescens, L. Providence. viscosa, L. Coventry, near Connecticut line, Bennett. Alkekengi, L. SrrRawsperry ToMATO. Escaped. Peruviana, L. Providence, Prof. Bailey.
NICANDRA, Adans. physaloides, Gaertn. APPLE OF PERU. LYCIUM, L. vulgare, Dunal. Marrimony VINE. HYOSCYAMUS, Tourn. HENBANE. niger, L. Block Island, Olney. DATURA, L. THoRN APPLE.
Stramonium, L. Tatula, L.
ORDER 62. GHNTIANACE2.
SABBATIA, Adans. chloroides, Pursh. stellaris, Pursh. Narragansett, Mr. Hunt. Matunuck. GENTIANA, L. GEnNTIAN. crinita, Froelich. FRINGED GENTIAN. Andrewsii, Griseb. Box GENTIAN. BARTONIA, Muhl. tenella, Muhl. MENYANTHES, Tourn. Buck-BEan. trifoliata, L. 3
34 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
LIMNANTHEMUM, Gmelin. lacunosum, Griseb. FLoatine HEARTS.
ORDER 68. APOCYNACEA..
APOCYNUM, Tourn. Docpane, InpIAN HEmpP.
1. androszemifolium, L. 2. cannabinum, L., & vars.
ORDER 64. ASCLHPIADACEA. ASCLEPIAS, L. MIrK-WeeEp
1. Cornuti, Decaisne. 2. phytolaccoides, Pursh. 3. purpurascens, L. 4, quadrifolia, Jacq. Not common. 5. incarnata, L. var. pulchra.
6. obtusifolia, Michx. 7. tuberosa, L. PLEeuRiIsy-Root, BUTTERFLY-WEED. 8. verticillata, L.
ORDER 6. OLEACHA.
LIGUSTRUM, Tourn. PrRIveEt. vulgare, L.
FRAXINUS, Tourn. Asu.
Americana, L. Wuirer Asa.
pubescens, Lam. Rep AsuH.
viridis, Mich. f. Nooseneck. sambucifolia, Lam. Water AsH, BLACK ASH.
Se
Division III. APETALZ.
ORDER 66. PHYTOLACCACHA.
PHYTOLACCA, Tourn. Poke, GARGET. decandra, L.
ORDER 67. CHHENOPODIACEA.
CHEHENOPODIUM, L. Goosrroot. 1 album, L. Pic-WEEp. var. viride. 2 glaucum, L.
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ae es
~
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ce
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 35
urbicum, L. var. rhombifolium. murale, L. hybridum, L. Botrys. JERUSALEM OAK. ambrosioides, L., var. anthelminticum. Worm-
SEED. BLITUM, Tourn. Bure. maritimum, Nutt. Quidnessett, Block Island. ATRIPLEX, Tourn. ORAcuHE. patula, L arenaria, Nutt. Quidnessett, Newport.
SALICORNIA, Tourn. GLasswort, SAMPHINE.
herbacea, L. Virginica, L. fruticosa, L., var. ambigua.
SU AIDA, Forskal. Sea BLITE. maritima, Dumortier.
SALSOLA, L. Satrwort. Kali, L
ORDER 68. PARONYCHIEA.
ANYCHIA, Michx. Forkep CHICKWEED. dichotoma, Michx.
SCLERANTHUS, L. Kynawet. annuus, L.
ORDER 69. AMARANTACEA.
AMARANTUS, Tourn. AMARANTH.
hypochondriacus, L. LoOvVE-LIES-BLEEDING. - oc ehetaghelad L.
hybridus, a retroflexus, L. var. albus, L. pumilus, Raf. Easton’s Beach, Bennett. spinosus, L. THorny AMARANTH. Congdon.
ACNIDA, L. Warer Hemp. cannabina, L.
36
SSP r YS
—
> oT PR 99 bo
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ORDER 70. POL YGONACEH A.
POLYGONUM, L. KNOTWEED.
orientale, L. Princr’s FEATHER. Careyi, Olney. Hartwrightii, Gray. Providence. incarnatum, Ell. Apponaug, &c. Persicaria, L. Lapy’s Tuums. Hydropiper, L. SMARTWEED. acre, H. B. K. WATER SMARTWEED. hydropiperoides, Michx. WATER-PEPPER. amphibium, L. Muhlenbergii, Watson. P. amphibium, var. terrestre.
Virginianum, L. articulatum, L. Jornt-WEED. aviculare, L. Kwnot-Grass. erectum, L.
P. aviculare, var.
maritimum, L. Newport, &c. ramosissimum. Barrington, Olney. Newport, &c. tenue, L.
arifolium, L. Trar-THuMB.
sagittatum, L. TrAar-THUMB.
Convolvulus, L. Brack BINDWEED
cilinode, Michx. Johnston, Bennett. dumetorum, L. CrLimpine FALSE BUCKWHEAT.
FAGOPYRUM, Tourn. BuckwHerat. esculentum, Moench. RUMEX,L. Dock.
salicifolius, Weinm. Providence ; banks of Seekonk. verticillatus, L. Point Judith, &c. maritimus, L. Newport, &c.
crispus, L: Narrow Dock. obtusifolius, L. Acetosella, L. Sorret.
ORDER 71. LAURACEA. SASSAFRAS, Nees. officinale, Nees. SASSAFRAS.
LINDERA, Thunberg. Benzoin, Meisner. Frver-Busn, Spice-BusH.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 37
oP oe
wo eR . £
OrvER 72. THYMELEACEAZ.
DIRCA, L. LEATHERWOOD. palustris, L. Cumberland, Olney ; Burrillville, &c.
ORDER 73. SANTALACEZ.
COMANDRA, Nutt. Bastarp Toap FLAX. umbellata, Nutt.
OrpvER 74. CHRATOPHYLLACESA.
CHERATOPHYLLUM, L. Hornwort.
demersum, L., var. commune. Stillwater. var. echinatum. Wenscott Reservoir.
ORDER 7. PODOSTEMACEA.
PODOSTEMON, Michx. River Weep. ceratophyllus, Michx.
ORDER 76. HUPHORBIACEA.
HUPHORBIA, L. Spurce. polygonifolia, L. maculata, L. hypericifolia, L. Cyparissias, L. CyYPREss. Peplus, L. Newport, Congdon ; Matunuck, Bennett. ACALYPHA, L. THREE-SEEDED MERCURY. Virginica, L. var. gracilens.
ORDER 77. URTICACE4.
ULMUS, L. Et». fulva, Michx. Siippery Evo. East Providence. &c. Americana, L. CELTIS, Tourn. HaAckperry. occidentalis, L., & vars. URTICA, Tourn. NETtTLE. gracilis, Ait. dioica, L. urens, L.
38
ot OR sat lglg am
ee oleh al 3
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
LAPORTBEA, Gaudichaud. Woop NETTLE. Canadensis, Gaud. PILEA, Lindl. CLEARWEED. pumila, Gray. BOEHMERIA, Jacq. Fausre NETTLE. cylindrica, Willd. PARIETARIA, Tourn. PELLITORY. Pennsylvanica, Muhl. CANNABIS, Tourn. Hemp. sativa, L. HUMULUS, L. Hop. Lupulus, L.
ORDER 78. PLATANACEHA.
PLATANUS, L. PLAnz. occidentalis, L. BurronBALL, SYCAMORE.
ORDER 79. JUGLANDACE A.
JUGLANS, L. Watntt.
cinerea, L. BUTTERNUT.
nigra, L. BLack WALNUT. Doubtfully native ? CARYA, Nutt. Hickory.
alba, Nutt. Wuxire WALNuT, SHAGBARK.
microcarpa, Nutt. Providence, &c. sulcata, Nutt. SHELL-BARK. J. W. Congdon, Esq. tomentosa, Nutt. Mocker-Novt.
porcina, Nutt, & vars. Pie-Nut.
amara, Nutt. BirrerR-NvtT.
ORDER 80. CUPULIFEHRA.
QUERCUS, L. Oak. alba, L. Wuitr Oak.
obtusiloba, Michx. Post OAk. Quidnessett, Bennett.
bicolor, Willd. Swamp WHITE OAK.
Prinus, L.* CuHEstnut OAK. Providence! var. monticola. Smithfield, &c.
var. humilis. CHINQUAPIN OAK. ilicifolia, Wang. Brar Oak.
*Q. macrocarpa, Mx., is reported from Buck Hill Woods.
i
Ory 99 bo
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 39
coccinea, Wang. ScARLET OAK. var. tinctoria. YELLOw BARK. var. ambigua. Gray Oak. East Providence, &c. rubra, L. Rep Oak. var. runcinata. E. Providence, 8. Kingstown. palustris, Du Roi. Pry Oak. Cumberland, Mr. Hunt; S. Kingstown, &c.
CASTANEA, Tourn. CHESTNUT. vesca, L., var. Americana, Michx. FAGUS, Tourn. BErEEcu. ferruginea, Ait. CORYLUS, Tourn. HAzeEt.
Americana, Walt. rostrata, Ait.
OSTRYA, Micheli. Hop Horn-Bream. Virginica, Willd. CARPINUS, L. Iron Woop. Americana, Michx.
ORDER 81. MYRICACHA. MYRICA, L.
Gale, L. Swrer GALE.
cerifera, L. BAYBERRY.
Comptonia, C. DC. Swrxrt-FERN. Comptonia asplenifolia, Ait.
ORDER 82. BETULACEHA,
BETULA, Tourn. Brircu. lenta, L. CHERRY BircH, BLACK BIRCH. lutea, Mich. f. YrLLow Brrcu. alba, var. populifolia, Spach. Gray Brircu. papyracea, Ait. CANOE BIRCH. Smithfield, &c. nigra, L. Rep Brrcu. Buck Hill Woods. ALNUS, Tourn. ALDER.
incana, Willd. Hoary ALDER. serrulata, Ait. SmoorH ALDER.
ORDER 88. SALICACEKA.
POPULUS, Tourn. Poprar. tremuloides, Michx. AsPEN.
40
Peo
rt RS sma arp whe
bo
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
grandidentata, Michx.
monilifera, Ait. South Kingstown. Native? balsamifera, L., var. candicans. BAwM or GILEAD. alba, L. WuiTe PopLar.
SALIX, Tourn. WILtow. tristis, Ait. Sacer WILLow. humilis, Marshall. discolor, Muhl. sericea, Marshall. petiolaris, Sm. Woodlawn. purpurea, L. Viminalis, L. cordata, Muhl, & vars. livida, Wahl., var. occidentalis. lucida, Muhl. nigra, Marshall.
var. falcata. Providence. var. amygdaloides. Neutakonkanut. fragilis, L. alba, L. longifolia, Muhl. myrtilloides, L. Johnston, J. W. Congdon.
Sup-Cxiass Il. GYMNOSPERMZE.
ORDER 8&4. CONIFERA.
PINUS, Tourn. Pre. rigida, Miller. Pircu PINE. resinosa, Ait. Strobus, L. Wuirtr PINs.
PICHA, Lk. Spruce. nigra, Lk. BuLAck SPRUCE. Johnston, Foster, &c.
Abies nigra, Peir. TSUGA, Caw. HEmLOcK SPRUCE.
Canadensis, (Endl), Carriere.
Abies Canadensis, Micha.
LARIX, Tourn. Larcu, HACKMATACK.
Americana. Mx. West Greenwich. Native!
CHAMAICYPARIS. Waite CEDAR.
spheroidea, Spach. Cupressus thyoides, L.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 41
oe
ary
=
=
JUNIPERUS, L.
communis, L. JUNIPER. Virginiana, L. Rep CEDAR.
Sabina, L., var. procumbens. E. Providence. TAXUS, Tourn. YEw. baccata, L., var. Canadensis. Snagwood, Foster.
Crass II. MONOCOTYLEDONEX.
ORDER 8. ARACEZ.
ARIS AMA, Martins.
triphyllum, Torr. Inpran TURNIP. Dracontium, Schott. Providence, (Hedge.)
PELTANDRBRA, Raf. Arrow ARUM. Virginica, Raf. CALLA, L. WATER Arum. palustris. L. SYMPLOCARPUS, Salisb. SkunK CABBAGE. foetidus, Salisb. ORONTIUM, L. Go.pen-Cuus.
aquaticum, L. Local,
ACORUS, L. Sweet Fiac. Calamus, L.
ORDER 86. LEMNACE A.
LEMNA, L. DuckwEeEb.
minor, L. polyrhiza, L. Newport.
ORDER 87. TYPHACEA.
TYPHA, Tourn. Car-Tar.. latifolia, L. angustifolia, L. SPARGANIUM, Tourn. Bur-REEp. Eurycarpum, Engelm. simplex, Hudson.
42 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ORDER 88. NAITADACE A. NAIAS, L. Natrap. flexilis, Rostk. ZANNICHELLIA, Micheli. Hornep Ponp-WEEp. palustris, L. ZOSTERA, L. Eet-Grass, WRACK.
marina, L.
RUPPIA, L. DircH-Grass. maritima, L.
POTAMOGETON, Tourn. Ponp-WEEpD.
1. natans, L.
2. Oakesianus, Robbins. Olney. 3. Claytonii, Tuckerm.
4. Vaseyi, Robbins. In herb. Olney. 5. hybridus, Michx., var. Westerly, &c. 6. Spirillus, Tuck. Robbins ; Quidnessett, Bennett. 7. lonchites, Tuck. (?) So. Kingstown. 8. gramineus, L., var. graminfolius.
var. heterophyllus.
var. Myriophyllus. Gorton’s Pond. 9. perfoliatus, L. 10. compressus, L.
11. paucifiorus, Pursh. Niantic, &c. - 12. pusillus, L.
13. gemmiparus, Robbins. Lonsdale, &c.
14. pectinatus, L.
15. Robbinsii, Oakes. Smithfield.
16. Tuckermani, Robbins.
(Our Potamogetons were kindly revised by Dr. Robbins a short time only before his death; his last botanical work.)
ORDER 89. ALISMACHA.
TRIGLOCHIN, L. Arrow Grass.
1. palustre, L. maritimum, L.
SCHEUCHZERIA, L. palustris, L. N. Providence, Olney.
ALISMA, L. WarTer PLANTAIN. Plantago, L., var. Americanum.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 43
eT
SAGITTARIA, L. Arrow-HEAp.
1. variabilis, Engelm, var. obtusa. var. latifolia. var. hastata. var. diversifolia. var. angustifolia. var. gracilis.
2. calycina, Engelm. Woonasquatucket, &c. 3. graminea, Michx. Benedict’s Pond, &c. 4. heterophylla, Pursh. Olney.
OrDER 90. HYDROCHARIDACEA. ANACHARIS, Richard. WatTreR-WEED. Canadensis, Planchon. VALLISNERIA, Micheli. Tape Grass, WATER CELERY. spiralis, L. Barrington, &c.
ORDER 91. ORCHIDACEZ.
ORCHIS, L. Orcuts. spectabilis, L. Scituate, Flint.
HABENARIA, R. Br. ORcHISs.
1. tridentata, Hook. 2. virescens, Spreng. 3. viridis, R. Br., var. bracteata, Reich. Lime Rock. 4, Hookeri, Torr. Hunt, Flint. 5. ciliaris, R. Br. YELLOW FRINGED ORCHIS. 6. blephariglottis, Hook. Wuirr FRINGED ORCHISs. var. holopetala. Hedge; Quidnessett, Bennett. 7. lacera, R. Br. RaGGED FRINGED ORCHIS. 8. psycodes, Gray. SMALL PURPLE ORCHIS. 9. fimbriata, R. Br. LARGE PuRPLE OrcuHis. So. Kingstown.
GOODYERA, R.Br. RATTLESNAKE PLANTAIN. repens, R. Br. Smithfield; rare. 2. pubescens, R. Br.
SPIRANTHES, Richard. Lanpres’ TREssEs. cernua, Richard. graminea, Lindl., var. Walteri. gracilis, Bigelow. simplex, Gray. E. Greenwich, Congdon. LISTERA, R.Br. TwaAyBLADE. cordata, R. Br. So. Kingstown.
att alt ll
44 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ARETHUSA, Gronov. bulbosa, L.
POGONTIA, Juss.
1. ophioglossoides, Nutt.
2. pendula, Lindl. Foster, Glocester. 3. verticellata, Nutt. N. Providence, Providence, Bailey. CALOPOGON, R. Br.
pulchellus, R. Br. MICROSTYLIS, Nutt. Apprr’s Moura. ophioglossoides, Nutt. Exeter, Prof. Bailey. LIPARIS, Richard. Twaysiape. 1. liliifolia, Richard.
2. Loeselii, Richard. Extremely rare.
CORALLORHIGZA, Haller. Corat Roor.
1. odontorhiza, Nutt. multifiora, Nutt.
CYPRIPEDIUM, L. Laprss’ Sripper.
parvifiorum, Salisb. Olney. pubescens, Willd. Johnston, &c. 3. acaule, Ait.
oe
ORDER 92. AMARYLLIDACEHA.
HYPOXYS, L. Srar Grass. erecta, L.
ORDER 93. HATMODORACEA. LACHNANTHES, L. Rep Root. tinctoria, Ell. Worden’s Pond, &c.
ALETRIS, L. Cotic Roor. farinosa, L.
OrpeR 94. IRIDACEAE, IRIS, L. Inrts, Fievur pe Lys. versicolor, L. 2. Virginica, L. SISYRINCHIUM, L. Buus Even Grass. auceps, Cav.
_
“i
rer
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 45
ORDER 95. DIOSCOREACH A.
DIOSCOREA, Plumier. Yam. villosa, L. Washington County, Providence.
ORDER 96. SMILACH At.
SMILAX, Tourn. GREEN-BRIER.
rotundifolia, L.
var. quadrangularis. Potawomut, &ce. glauca, Walt. East Greenwich, Congdon; Quidnessett, &c. herbacea, L. CARRION FLOWER.
ORDER 97. LILIACEA.
TRILLIUM, L. erectum, L. Brirru-Roor. var. album. YELLOw Brirrs-Roor. cernuum, L. WAKE Rosin. erythrocarpum, Michx. Cumberland, South Kingstown, Leland. MEDEOLA, Gronov. CucuMBER-Roor. Virginica, L. MELANTHIUM, L. Virginicum, L. Olney. VERATRUM, Tourn. Fase HELLEBORE. viride, Ait. UVULARIA, L. BEtiwort.
perfoliata, L. sessilifolia, L.
CLINTONIA, Raf. borealis, Raf. SMILACINA, Desf. Fase Sotomon SEAL.
racemosa, Desf. stellata, Desf.
trifolia, Desf. Johnston, Congdon. bifolia, Ker., var. Canadensis.
POLYGONATUM, Tourn. SoLomon’s SEAL. biflorum, Ell. giganteum, Dietrich. Gloucester, Burrillville.
ASPARAGUS, L. officinalis, L.
46
bo
aah
bo
Se See ee
=
il.
12. 15. 14,
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
LILIUM, L. Luity. Philadelphicum, L. Canadense, L. superbum, L. TurRxK’s Cap.
ERYTHRONIUM, L. Americanum, Smith. Doe’s Tooru VIOLET.
ORNITHOGALUM, Tourn. umbellatum, L. Sraror BETHLEHEM.
ALLIUM, L. Witp Ontron.
tricoccum, Ait. Canadense, Kalm. vineale, L. Cranston, Bennett.
HEMEROCALLIS, L. Day Lity. fuliva, L. ORDER 98. JUNCACHA.
LUZULA, D.C. Woop-Rusu. pilosa, Willd. campestris, D. C.
JUNCUS, L. Bay-Rusu. effusus, L. Balticus, Dethard. Stone Bridge, Congdon. marginatus, Rostk. Gerardi, Loisel. bufonius, L. tenuis, Willd. Greenei, Oakes & Tuckerman. pelocarpus, E. Meyer. articulatus, L. militaris, Bigelow. var. , with long capillary leaves. Wood River, Bennett. acuminatus, Michx. var. debilis. var. legitimus.
nodosus, L. scirpoides, Lam. Canadensis, J. Gay, var. longicaudatus. var. subcaudatus. Quidnessett, Bennett.
ORDER 99. PONTEDERIACEA.
PONTEDERIA, L. PICKEREL-WEED. cordata, L. Biur ARRow-HEAD.
fom, So
StS pe ee
eh
ae
al Eo ll a ll ol
eS
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 47
ORDER 100. XYRIDACEA. XYRIS, L. YeELLow-ErYep Grass.
flexuosa, Willd. Caroliniana, Walt.
ORDER 101. ERIOCAULONACE 2. EHERIOCAULON, L. Prreworr. septangulare, With.
ORDER 102. CYPHRACEHA. CYPERUS, L. Gatineate. flavescens, L. diandrus, Torr. Nuttallii, Torr. inflexus, Muhl. dentatus, Torr. phymatodes, Muhl. strigosus, L. Michauxianus, Schultze. Block Island, Olney ; Quidnes- sett, Bennett. Grayii, Torr. filiculmis, Vahl. DULICHIUM, Richard. spathaceum, Pers. FUIRENA, Rottboell. Umpretua Grass.
squarrosa, Michx. Benedict Pond. var. pumila. Worden’s Pond, Bennett. HEMICARPHA, Nees.
subsquarrosa, Nees. Long Pond, Providence.
ELEOCHARIS, R.Br. Sprke-Rusu. Robbinsii, Oakes. equisetoides, Torr. Cumberland, Olney ; Cranston. tuberculosa, R. Br. obtusa, Schultze.
olivacea, Torr. Providence, E. Greenwich. palustris, R. Br. rostellata, Torr. Quidnessett, Field’s Point,
tenuis, Schultze.
melanocarpa, Torr.
acicularis, R. Br.
pygmea, Torr. Seekonk River, &c. SCIRPUS, L.
planifolius, Muhl.
we (oe)
ee gel tl cal oi ee
Se aR aa
go bo
le li lt ai all
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
subterminalis, Torr. pungens, Vahl. Olneyi, Gray. Providence. Torreyi, Olney. validus, Vahl. debilis, Pursh. Smithii, Gray. S. Kingstown, Congdon. maritimus, L. var. macrostachys. fluviatilis, Gray. sylvaticus, L. atrovirens, Muhl, polyphyllus, Vahl. Hriophorum, Michx.
ERIOPHORUM, L. Corron Grass. Virginicum, L. polystachyon, L. gracile, Koch.
FIMBRISTYLIS, Vahl.
autumunalis, R. & S$. capillaris, Gray. RHYNCHOSPORA, Vahl. BraAx-Rusu. scirpoides, Gray. fusca, R. & S. alba, Vahl. glomerata, Vahl. macrostachya, Torr.
CLADIUM, P. Browne. Twia-Rusu. mariscoides, Torr.
SCLERIA, L. Nut-Rusz. triglomerata, Michx. Warwick, Congdon. reticularis, Michx. laxa, Torr. CAREX, L. SEnDGE.
polytrichoides, Muhl.
bromoides, Schk.
siccata, Dew.
teretiuscula, Good.
vulpinoidea, Michx.
stipata, Muhl.
muricata, L. Stone Bridge, Congdon. sparganiodes, Muhl.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 49
cephaloidea, Dew. Warwick, Congdon. cephalophora, Muhl Muhlenbergii, Schk. rosea, Schk. retroflexa, Muhl. Cumberland, Olney. trisperma, Dew. canescens, L. Deweyana, Schw. J. W. Congdon, Esq. exilis, Dew. sterilis, Willd. stellulata, L. var. scirpoides. scoparia, Schk. var. minor, Boott. lagopodiodes, Schk. cristata, Schw. var. mirabilis, Boott. adusta, Boott. foenea, Willd. silicea, Olney. C. foenea, var? sabulonum.
straminea, Schk., var. typica.
var. tenera, Boott.
var. aperta, Boott.
var. festucacea, Boott.
var. minor. alata, Torr. Mr. William Boott.
vulgaris, Fries. Middletown, &c. torta, Boott.
aperta, Boott. var.
Virginiana, Sm.
, Boott. Olney.
eis C. stricta, Lam. strictior, Dew. Sai. C. stricta, var. strictior. crinita, Lam. gynandra, Schw.
Mitchelliana, M. A. Curtis.
limosa, L. Johnston, Quidnessett, Bennett. Buxbaumii, Wahl. aurea, Nutt. J. W. Congdon, Esq.
panicea, L. & vars. pallescens, L. conoidea, Schk. grisea, Wahl. Quidnessett, Bennett. gracillima, Schw. virescens, Muhl. triceps, Michx. 4
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
platyphylla, Carey. Cumberland, Rocky Point, Bennett. retrocurva, Dew. digitalis, Willd. laxiflora, Lam. var. plantaginea. var. intermedia. blanda, Dew. C. laxiflora, var. blanda. var. Major. var. minor. umbellata, Schk. Nove-Angliz, Schw. Emmonsii, Dew. var. elliptica, Boott. Pennsylvanica, Lam. varia, Muhl. pubescens, Muhl. miliacea, Muhl. scabrata, Schw. debilis, Michx. flava, L. filiformis, L. lanuginosa, Michx. Field’s Point, Congdon. vestita, Willd. polymorpha, Muhl. N. Providence, Olney. striata, Michx. riparia, Curtis. E. Providence, Congdon. Pseudo-Cyperus, L. var. comosa, Boott, C. comosa, Boott. hystricina, Willd. tentaculata, Muhl. var. altior. intumescens, Rudge. lupulina, Muhl.
. ‘lupuliformis, Sartwell. Quidnessett, Bennett.
subulata, Michx. Worden’s Pond, Olney. utriculata, Boott. var. minor, Boott.
Olneyi, Boott. Cat-Swamp. Strictly local. Tuckermani, Boott. bullata, Schk. monile, Tuckerm.
var. Minor, Olney
oe
ee .
— te ot oe
_ >
bad fk peed Sara
ol lee a Td
Pr
SPR PS eer PS
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 51
ORDER 103. GRAMINEZ.
PASPALUM,L.
setacum, Michx. laeve, Mx.
PANICUM, L. Panic Grass.
filiforme, L. glabrum, Gaud. sanguinale, L. Virgatum, L. amarum, Ell. agrostoides, Spreng. proliferum, Lam. capillare, L. miliaceum, L. latifolium, L. clandestinum, L. & vars. microcarpum, Muhl. Warwick, Congdon ; Johnston, Ben- nett. paucifiorum, Ell. dichotomum, L.
laxifiorum, Lam.
C. dichotomum, var. ramulosum, Mx.
C. dichotomum, var.
depauperatum, Muhl. verrucosum, Muhl. Field’s Point, E. Providence, &c. Crus-Galli, L. Cock’s-Comsp Grass.
var. hispidum.
SETARIA, Beauv. Bristity Fox-TAiL GRASS.
verticillata, Beauv. glauca, Beauv. viridis, Beauv. Italica, Kth. CENCHRUS, L. Burr GRass.
tribuloides, L.
SPARTINA, Schreber. Corp Grass. cynosuroides, Willd. polystachyon, Willd. juncea, Willd. stricta, Roth, & vars.
TRIPSACUM, L. Gama Grass, SESAME.
dactyloides, L. E. Providence, Rocky Point, &c. var. Monostachyum. Field’s Point.
52
bs
be
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ZLIZANIA, Gronov. Wirp RIcer. aquatica, L. LEHERSIA, Solander. Wuitr Grass. Virginica, Willd. oryzoides, Swartz. ANDROPOGON, L. Brarp-Grass.
provincialis, Lam.
A. furcatus, Muhl. scoparius, Michx. dissitiflorus, Mx. . Washington County.
A, Virginicus, L.
CHRYSOPOGON, Trin, Broom-Corn. nutans, Benth. Sorghum nutans, Gray. PHALARIS, L. Canary-Grass.
Canariensis, L. arundinacea, L.
ANTHOXANTHOUM, L. odoratum, L. JuNr GRass.
HIEROCHLOE, Gmelin. Hoty-Grass. borealis, R.&S. Vani~ia-GRrass.
ALOPEHCURUS, L. Fox-Tam.
pratensis, L. geniculatus, L. var. aristulatus. A. aristulatus, Miche.
ARISTIDA, L. dichotoma, Mx. Povrertry GRASs. gracilis, Ell. E. Greenwich, Congdon; Providence, Bennett. purpurascens, Poir. N. Kingstown, &c. STIPA, L. FEATHER GRAss. avenacea, L.
ORYZOPSIS, Michx. MovuntTarn RIceE.
melanocarpa, Muhl. Smithfield, &e. asperifolia, Mx. N. Providence, Johnston.
Canadensis, Torr.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 53
Se? eee
le al a
MILIUM, L. Mitret Grass. effusum, L. S. T. Olney.
MUHLENBERGIA, Schreber. Drop SEED GRASs.
sobolifera, Trin. glomerata, Trin. Mexicana, Trin. & vars. sylvatica, T. & G.
Wiilldenovii, Trin. J. W. Congdon, Esq. diffusa, Schreb. capillaris, Kth. Providence streets, Bennett.
BRACHELYTROUM, Beauv. aristatum, Beauv.
PHLEHUM, L. Cart’s-Tarm Grass. pratense, L. Troruy.
SPOROBOLUS, R. Br.
asper, Kth. Rusu Grass. Vilfa aspera, Beauv. vaginefiora, Torr. Vilfa vagineflora, Torr. serotina, Gray. DropsEED GRASS.
AGROSTIS, L. Bent.
perennans, Tuckerm. THIN GRASS. scabra, Willd. Harr Grass. canina, L. R. I. Bent. vulgaris, With. Rrp-Top, Herbs GRass. var. alba. WHITE BENT. A. alba, L.
CINNA, L. Woop REEpD-GRAss. arundinacea, L. & vars.
DEYEUXIA, Kunth. REED BENT Grass. Canadensis, Beauv. Calamagroslis, —. Nuttalliana, Steud. Calamagrostis, —. AMMOPHILA, Hest. Srea-Sanp REED. arenaria, Roth. Calamagrostis, —. DESCHAMPSIA, Beauv. Hair Grass.
flexuosa, L. Aira, —.
54
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
_ .
_ .
OC go
HOLCUS, L. MEapow Sort Grass. lanatus, L.
TRISETUM, Pers. palustre, L.
ARRHENATHERUM, Beauv. Oar Grass. avenaceum, Beauv.
DANTHONIA, D.C. Win Oat Grass.
spicata, Beauv. sericea, Nutt.
ELEUSINE, Gaertn. Cras-Grass. Indica, Gaertn. Providence, Bennett.
DIPLACHNE, Beauv.
fascicularis, Beauv. Leptochloa fascicularis, Gray.
TRIPLASIS, Beauv. purpurea, Chapm. Tricuspis purpurea, Gray. PHRAGMITIS, Trin. Reerp. communis, Trin.
EATONIA, Raf.
obtusata, Gray. Manville, Congdon. Pennsylvanica, Gray.
ERAGROSTIS, Beauv.
minor, Host. S. Providence, &c. E. pocoides, Beauv. major, Host. E. poewoides, var. megastachya. pilosa, Beauv. capillaris, Nees. pectinacea, Gray. var. spectabilis.
DISTICHLIS, Raf. Sprxe-Grass.
maritima, Raf. Brizopyrum spicatum, Hook.
DACTYLIS, L. Orcwarp-Grass. glomerata, L.
> Oty go bo ps
Ot A go BO
Pets
Pot ee
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 55
POA, L. MeraApow-Grass, SPEAR-GRASS.
annua, L.
compressa, L.
serotina, Ehrh. FowiL MEApow-GRass. pratensis, L. Krenrucky BLUE Grass. trivialis, L.
debilis, Torr.
GLYCERIA, R. Br. Manna Grass. Canadensis, Trin. RATTLESNAKE GRASS.
obtusa, Trin.
nervata, Trin.
pallida, Trin. Rocky Point. aquatica, Sm., var. Americana, Vasey. REED MEADOW GRASS.
fluitans, R. Br.
acutifiora, Torr.
maritima, Wahl. Sra SpeAR-GRASs. distans, Wahl.
BRIZA, L. QUAKING Grass. media, L. Waste places. FESTUCA, L. Ferscue.
tenella, Willd. Myurus, L. E. Providence, &c. ovina, L. SHEEP’s FESCUE.
duriuscula, L.
F. ovina, var. rubra, L.
F. ovina, var. nutans, Willd.
BROMUS, L. Brome Grass. secalinus, L. CHEAT OR CHEss. racemosus, L. mollis, L. ciliatus, L.
var. purgans. sterilis, L. tectarum, L.
LOLIUM, L. Darnet. perenne, L.
AGROPYRUM, Beauy. Wuear.
repens, Beauv. Triticum, ——, L. var ?
Allen’s Harbor, Nayatt.
56
eo
SS
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
caninum, R. & S. Triticum, —, L. ELYMUS, L. Witp Rye. Virginicus, L. Canadensis, L. striatus, Willd. var. villosus. Rocky Point, &c. ASPRELLA, BotTLE-BRrusH GRASS.
hystrix, Willd. Gymnostichum Hystriz, Schreb.
SERIES II.
CRYPTOGAMIA.
Cuass III. ACROGENS.
ORDER 104. HQUISHTACEA.
EQUISETUM, L. Horss-Tam, Scovurine Rusu.
arvense, L. sylvaticum, L. limosum, L. hyemale, L.
ORDER 105. FILICEHS. POLYPODIUM, L. Potypop.
vulgare, L. var. Cambricum. ? Westerly. PTERIS, L. Brake, BRAcKEN.
aquilina, L.
ADIANTUM, L. Marmen-Harr. pedatum, L.* WOODWARDIA, Smith. Cuar Fern. Virginica, Smith. angustifolia, Smith. CAMPTOSURUS, Link. Waxing Fxrn. rhizophyllus, Link. One locality only known.
*A. cuneatum, Kaulf. Maintained itself and grew profusely for several seasons in Cumberland, but at last died out.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 57
eee
ee
Pr. Fee
bo
ASPLENIUM, L. Spieenwort.
Trichomanes, L. Ebeneum, Ait. thelypteroides, Michx. Filix-fcemina, Bernh.
PHEHEGOPTERIS, Fee. Brrcu FERN.
polypodioides, Fee. hexagonoptera, Fee. Dryopteris, Fee & var. ASPIDIUM, Swartz. Suievp Fern. Thelypteris, Swartz. Noveboracense, Swartz. spinulosum, Swartz, var. intermedium. var. Boottii. cristatum, Swartz. var. Clintonianum. Cranston, Bennett. marginale, Swartz. acrostichoides, Swartz. var. incisum.
CYSTOPTERIS, Bernhardi. BLAppER FERN.
bulbifera, Bernh. fragilis, Bernh. var. dentata, Hook. E. Greenwich, Bennett.
ONOCLEA, L.
Germanica, Hook. Ostricn Fern. First detected by Mr.
Hunt. Struthiopteris, —, Wilid. sensibilis, L. SENsITIvVE FERN. var. obtusilobata. Hill’s Grove, Bennett. WOODSIA, R. Br. obtusa, Torr. Ilvensis, R. Br. DICKSONIA, L’Her. punctilobula, Kze.
LYGODIUM, Swartz. Cumerine FERN, palmatum, Swartz.
OSMUNDA, L. FLowerrine Fern. regalis, L. PripE oF THE MEADOWS. Claytoniana, L. cinnamomea, L. var. frondosa. Johnston.
58
Pe ye ee
aed OE
pele pat a
or
Ot oo NO
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
BOTRYCHIUM, Swartz. Moonwort. Virginicum, Swartz. ternatum, Swartz, var. lunarioides, Milde. B. lunarioides. var. obliquum, Milde. B. lunarioides, var. var. dissectum, Milde. B. lunarioides, var.
OPHIOGLOSSUM, L. AnpveEr’s TONGUE. vulgare, L. Rare and local.
ORDER 106. LYCOPODIACEA.
LYCOPODIUM, L. Cuiups Moss. lucidulum, Michx. inundatum, L., var. Washington County. annotinum, L. Olney. dendroideum, Michx. GRouND-PINE. clavatum, L. Lion’s Paw. complanatum, L. CREEPING JENNY.
SELAGINELLA, Beauv. rupestris, Spring. apus, Spring.
ISOETES, L. Quitiwort. lacustris, L.
Tuckermani, Braun. E. Greenwich, Congdon. echinospora, Durieu. Davisville, Bennett. riparia, Engelm. Apponaug, Congdon. Engelmanni, Braun. Davisville; Newport, Dr. Farlow.
ORDER 107. CHARACEA.
CHARA, (L.) Ag. coronata, var. Schweinitzii. Newport, Dr. Farlow. vulgaris, L. fragilis, Desv. Hydropitys, A. Br., var.septentrionavis. Gorton’s Pond. sejuncta, A. Br. Apponaug, Mr. E. Faxon.
NITELLA, Ag. gracilis, Ag. intermedia, Adst. Apponaug, Dr. Allen. tenuissima, Desv. (Kutz.) Dr. Allen.
ll at
_
ad
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 59
Cuass IV. ANOPHYTZZ.
ORDER 108. MUSCI.
SPHAGNUM, Dill.
acutifolium, Ehrh. Swamps and bogs. var. purpureum, Schimp. " s: var. fuscum, Schimp. cuspidatum, Ehrh. b .s var. falcatum, Russ. var. plumosum, Schimp.
intermedium, Hofim. Shady bogs. squarrosum, Pers. a 7 rigidum, Schimp. C. F. Austin. subsecundum, Nees, var. contortum, Schimp. Swamps and bogs. cymbifolium, Ehrh. Swamps and bogs. papillosum, Lindb. 5 op macrophyllum, Bernh.? Stagnant marsh, Quidnessett. EPHEMERUM, Hampe.
serratum, Hampe. On the ground in fields. crassinervium, Hampe. Moist ground.
spinulosum, Br. & Sch. ‘6 ‘6 coherens, Muhl. rr ‘
SPH HRANGIUM, Schimp.
rufescens, Schimp. On moist ground. triquetrum, Schimp. On the ground in fields. PHASCUM, L. cuspidatum, Schreb. On the ground in fields, PLEURIDIUM, Brid. Ravenelli, Austin. Fields Quidnessett, Bennett. alternifolium, Brid. Fields. BRUCHIA, Schwaegr. flexuosa, Muell. Clayey ground. Sullivantii, Aust. se v6 brevipes, Hook.? Providence, damp ground. WEISIA, Hedw. viridula, Brid. On damp ground.
var. gymnostomoides, Muell. ‘* “
60
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
: eo eo
SD pT OTP go we
gt a
ae.
ial
CYNODONTIUM, Br. & Sch.
gracilescens, Schimp. In rocky woods. DICRANELLA, Schimp. cerviculata, Schimp. In damp places. varia, Schimp. In wet woods. rufescens, Schimp. In heavy soil. subulata, Schimp. In shady wood. heteromalla, Schimp. On clayey land. DICRANUM, Hedw. Starkii, Web & Mohr. In rocky woods. flagellare, Hedw. On rotten logs in the shade. fulvum, Hook. In rocky woods. longifolium, Hedw. On trees. fuscescens, Turner. In woods on trees. scoparium, Hedw. & vars. Ontreesand rocksand the ground. Schraderi, W. & M. Shady wet places. spurium, Hedw. On poor soil. undulatum, Turn. Wet shady places. FISSIDENS, Hedw.
exiguus, Sull. On wet rocky places. minutulus, Sull. du is ae
taxifolius, Hedw. Wet shady spots. adiantoides, Hedw. Wet open ground.
CONOMITRIUM, Mont.
Julianum, Mont. Damp woods.
LEUCOBRYUM, Hampe.
vulgare, Hampe. In woods.
CHRATODON, Brid.
purpureus, Brid. . On open ground.
var. aristatus, Austin. POTTIA, Ehbrh.
truncata, Fuern. In old fields. LEPTOTRICHUM, Hampe.
tortile, Muell. Sandy land.
vaginans, Sull. Damp clayey banks.
pallidum, Hampe. Shady woods.
BARBULA, Hedw.
unguiculata, Hedw. In heavy land. In shady woods on trees.
ceespitosa, Schwaegr.
9
=
i)
Pgh a
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 61
tortuosa, Web. & Mohr. Austin.
papillosa, Muell. Providence on Elm trees. GRIMMIA, Ebrh.
(Schistidium) apocarpa, Heau. Upon rocks.
var. gracilis, N. & H. cs var. rivularis, N.&H. On wetrocks.
Olneyi, Sull. On granite rocks. RACOMITRIUM, Br. & Sch.
canescens, Brid. Warwick, Bennett. On rocks.
HEDWIGIA, Ebrh. ciliata, Ehrh. & vars. On rocks. DRUMMONDIA, Hook. clavellata, Hook. Upon trees. ULOTA, Mokr.
crispa, Brid. Upon rocks.
crispula, Brid. Austin.
Hutchinsie, Schimp. On rocks and trees.
ORTHOTRICHUM, Hedw.
sordidum, Sull. & Lesqx. — On trees in wet woods.
Ohioense, Sull. & Lesqx. On trees.
strangulatum, Beauv. On trees and rocks.
obtusifolium, Schrad. On trees, fide Austin.
TETRAPHIS, Hedw.
pellucida, Hedw. On decayed logs in shade. APHANORHEGMA, Sulliv.
serratum, Sull. In clayey shady spots. PHYSCOMITRIUM, Brid.
pyriforme, Brid. In old fields by wall sides, &c.
FUNARIA, Schreb. hygrometricum, Sebth. On ground.
var. calvescens, Br. &Sch. Ina few places. BARTRAMIA, Hedw.
pomiformis, Hedw. On shady hill-sides. PHILONOTIS, Brid. Muhlenbergii, Brid. In springy places.
fontana, Brid. In same positions as last.
62
Perr
ea oe
Por
ey. Se
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
LEPTOBRYUM, Schimp. pyriforme, Schimp. In light soil in shady places.
WEBERA, Hedvw.
nutans, Hedw. Moist shady soil. annotina, Schwaegr. Rocky woods. albicans, Schimp. Swampy places. BRYUM, Br. & Sch. pendulum, Schimp. On rocks and logs in woods, intermedium, Brid. On rocks. bimum, Schreb. In wet woods. argenteum, L. In open places. var. Majus, Scbwaegr. In shady spots. var. lanatum, Br. & Sch. In drysunny places. ceespiticium, L. In open land. capillare, L. In shady wet woods. pseudo-triquetrum, Schwaegr. In springy places. roseum, Schreb. In dry woods on trees and rocks. MNIUM, Br. & Sch. cuspidatum, Hedw. In woods at roots of trees. affine, Bland. In same places. hornum, L. Brook side ‘‘ Grotto,’’ Providence. stellare, Reich. Shady banks. cinclidoides, Hueber. Swamps. punctatum, Hedw. Swamps. AULACOMNION, Schwaegr. palustre, Schwaegr & vars. In swamps. heterostichum, Br. & Sch. In wet places. POGONATOUM, Beauv. brevicaule, Beauv. On ground, POLYTRICHOUM, Brid. formosum, Hedw. In woods at foot of trees. piliferum, Schreb. In open places. Juniperinum, Willd. In poor soil. commune, L. In woods and also open places. var. perigoniale, Br. & Sch. In same places. ATRICHUM, Beauv. angustatum, Beauv. In shady woods. undulatum, Beauv. On ground or dry stumps.
DIPHYSCIUM, Web. & Mohr. foliosum, Mohr. Damp clayey ground.
PU > geo bo
=
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 63
BUXBAUMIA, Haller.
aphylia, L. On ground, Pleasant Valley. FONTINALIS, Dill. antipyretica, L. In brooks. var. gigantea, Sulliv. Pleasant Valley brook, &e. Dalecarlica, Br. & Sch. In running water. biformis, Sulliv. In streams in woods. Nove-Anglie, Sulliv. In brooks. Lescurii, var. gracilescens, Sulliv. In brooks.
DICHELYMA, Mprin.
falcatum, Myrin. In swamps and brooks.
capillaceum, Br. & Sch. In swamps. NHCKERA, Hedw.
pennata, Hedw. Cn trees.
complanata, Hueber. On rocks. HOMALIA, Brid.
trichomanoides, Br. & Sch. ? Coe F. Austin.
LEUCODON, Schwaegr.
julaceus, Sulliv. On trees. brachypus, Brid. On trees. PTHRIGYNANDRUM, Hedw. filiforme, Hedw. On trees and rocks. THELIA, Sullivant. hirtella, Sulliv. On trees. asprella, Sulliv. On trees. Lescurii, Sulliv. On trees and ground. LESKEA, Hedw. polycarpa, Ehrh. On trees. obscura, Hedw. On trees in swamps. tristis, Cesat. On trees in swamps. ANOMODON, Hook & Tayl. rostratus, Schimp. On trees. attenuatus, Hueben. On trees and ground.
obtusifolius, Br. & Sch. On trees in swamps.
64
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ean
PLATYGYRIUM, Bry. Eur. repens, Br. & Sch. On rotten wood in shade.
PYLAIS ZA, Bry. Eur. subdenticulata, var. obscura, Schimp. On the ground in
woods. intricata, Br. & Sch. In woods on trees and stumps. velutina, Br. & Sch. On trees. HOMALOTHECIUM, Bry. Eur. subcapillatum, Sulliv. On trunks of trees. CYLINDROTHECIUM, Bry. Eur. cladorhizans, Schimp. On rotten logs in swamp. seductrix, Sulliv. In same places. CLIMACIUM, Web. & Mohr. Americanum, Brid. In swamps.
HYPNUM, Dill. (Thuidium) minutulum, Hedw. On tree bases in woods.
scitum, Beauv., var. estivale. On same. tamariscinum, Hedw. ? In wet places. recognitum, Hedw. In same situation. delicatulum, L. On trees in same situation. abietinum, L. On ground in shade. (Elodium) paludosum, Sull. In marshy places.
(Camptothecium) nitens, Schreb. In swamps and bogs. (Brachythecium) letum, Brid. On ground and wet logs.
acuminatum, Beauv. In same situation. salebrosum, Hoffm. & vars. In same situation. velutinum, L. On ground in damp shades. rutabulum, L. & vars. In similar situations. plumosum, Swartz. On stones in damp woods. (Hurhynchium) strigosum, Hoffm. In woods. diversifolium, Schimp. On shady banks. Boscii, Schwaegr. On the ground in woods. hians, Hedw. In shady woods. Sullivantii, Spruce. In wet shady places. (Rhapidostegium) demissum, Wils. Damp rocks. recurvans, Schwaegr. Wet bogs in woods. (Rhynchostegium) deplanatum, Schimp. On groundin woods. serrulatum, Hedw. On ground in woods, &e.
rusciforme, Weis. & vars. In brooks on stones. (Plagiothecium) turfaceum, Lindberg. Onrottenlogsin
swamps. denticulatum, L., & vars. On rotten logs. Muhlenbeckii, Spruce. On ground and rocks. (Amblystegium) subtile, Hoffm. At foot of trees.
serpens, L. In damp spots on logs.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 65
(Amblystegium) radicale, Beauy. In shady wet places.
orthocladon, Beauv. In wet places. adnatum, Hedw. On trees and rocks in shade. riparium, L. & vars. In swamps (Campylium) hispidulum, Brid. On trees in swamps. chrysophyllum, Brid. Fide Austin. stellatum, Schreb. On rotten wood in swamps. polygamum, Wils. In swamps. (Harpidium) aduncum, Hedw. & vars. Bogs and swamps. uncinatum, Hedw. & vars. Bogs and swamps. fluitans, L. & vars. In stagnant places. exannulatum,Guembel. Inswamp, Quidnessett. (Ctenium) Crista-Castrensis, L. In woods. (Ctenidium) molluscum, Hedw. In woods. (Hypnum) reptile, var. protuberans, Michx. On trees. imponens, Hedw. On roots of trees. cupressiforme, L. & vars. On trees and rocks. curvifolium, Hedw. On decayed logs in woods. Haldanianum, Grev. On logs in wet places. (Calliergon) cordifolium, Hedw. Inswamps and bogs. cuspidatum, L. In stagnant swamps. Schreberi, Willd. © In woods on ground. stramineum, Dicks. In swamps and bogs. (Pleurozium) splendens, Hedw. On ground in woods. brevirostre, Ehrh. Fide Austin.
(Hylocomium) triquetrum, L. On ground in shady spots. 5
66
be ek ae io ae
_
ll ag ll
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ORDER 109. HEPATICA, (Musci hepatici.) RICCIA, Mich.
lamellosa, Raddi. Damp wood paths in light soil. arvensis, Austin. Shady sterile earth. lutescens, Schwein. In ditches infertile. fluitans, L. & vars. In standing water and by ditch sides. natans, L. Stagnant places. MARCHANTIA, Raddi. polymorpha, L. Shady damp spots. PREISSIA, Corda. hemispherica, Cogn. In moist places.
P. commutata, Nees.
GRIMALDIA, Raddi.
barbifrons, Bisch. On the ground in fields. ASTERELLA, Beauv. hemispherica, (Raddi.) By brook sides.
Reboulia, —, Raddi.
CONOCHPHALUS, Neck.
conicus, (Corda.) Damp shady spots. Fegatella, —, Corda.
FIMBRIARIA, Nees. tenella, Nees. In damp shades.
LUNULARIA, Mich. cruciata, Dmtr. In hot beds around greenhouses. L. wulgaris, Mich.
ANTHOCEROS, L.
levis, L. In wet places. punctatus, L. In wet places. NOTOTHYLAS, Sull. orbicularis, Sull. In damp spots. melanospora, Sull. In moist ground. ANEURA, Dmtr. multifida, Dmtr. In wet places. palmata, Nees. On rotten stumps. sessilis, Spreng. ? C. F. Austin. pinguis, Dmtr. Among mosses and Peltigeras.
pinnatifida, Nees. C. F. Austin.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 67
Be oe fe bo
ia
>
PELLIA, Raddi. epiphylla, (Corda.) Nees. In damp ground.
BLASIA, Mich.
pusilla, L. Ditches. STEETZIA, Lehm.
Lyellii, Lehm. Swamps. METZGERIA, Raddi.
myriopoda, Lindb. On rocks and trees.
M. furcata, Nees. FOSSOMBRONIA, Raddi.
pusilla, Nees. Damp spots.
angulosa, Raddi. Wet places. FRULLANIA, Raddi.
Eboracensis,* Gottsche. On rocks and trees.
squarrosa, Nees. On trees.
plana, Sull. On rocks.
Virginica, Gottsche. Generally on trees.
Hutchinsie, Nees. var. On stones.
Tamarisci, Nees. On trees.
Grayana, Mont. On trees and rocks.
LEJEUNTIA, Lib. serpyllifolia, Lib. var. Americana. On wet rocks. echinata, Taylor. Ms. Found but once. L. calcarea, Lib. PHRAGMICOMA, Dmtr. clypeata, (Schwein.) Sull. On rocks. Lejeunia, —, Schwein.
MADOTHECA, Dmtr.
Thuja, (Dicks.) On rocks and trees.
platyphylla, Dmtr. On trees.
Porella, Nees. On rocks by brooksides.
RADULA, Nees. complanata, Dmtr. On roots of trees. tenax, Lindb. On rotten stumps.
R. pallens, Swtz.
BLEPHAROZIA, Dntr.
cilaris, Dmtr. On rotten stumps. Ptilidium, Nees.
TRICHOCOLEA, Dntr. tomentella, Dmtr. On carth and rotten logs.
* This includes F. saxatilis, Lindbg. of Sullivant in Gray’s Manual.
68
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
Pe ee
9
BAZZANTIA, B. Gr.
trilobata, (Nees.) B. Gr. In shady places. Mastigobryum, —, Nees.
LEPIDOZIA, Nees.
reptans, Dmtr. On the earth, seldom on rocks. setacea, Mitt. On the ground. Jungermannia, —, Web.
CAL YPOGHEIA, Raddi. Trichomanes, Corda. In wet and swampy places. GEOCALYX, Nees. graveolens, Nees. Among Hypna in damp places.
CHILOSCYPHUS, Corda.
ascendens, Hook. & Wils. On old stumps in swamps. polyanthos, Corda. On stones. var. rivularis, Nees. On stones in wet places.
LOPHOCOLEA, Nees.
bidentata, Dmtr. Swamps. minor, Nees. Roots and stumps. heterophylla, Nees. On rotting logs. crocata, Nees. Rare, found once in Lincoln, on log. LIOCHL ANA, Nees. lanceokata, Nees. C. F. Austin. ODONTOSCHISMA, Dmt. denudata, Dmtr. In swampy places.
O. Huebneriana, Rab.
HARPANTHOUS, Nees.
scutatus, Spruce. On old wood. Jungermannia, —, Web. CEPHALOZIA, Dmtr. multifiora, Lindb. On rotten logs. Jungermannia connivens, Dicks. divaricata, Dmtr. Light soil in shades. catenulata, Lindbg. On damp logs. curvifolia, Dmtr. On stumps, &c. Jungermannia, —, Dicks. COLEOCHILA, Dmtr. Taylori, (Hook.) Dmtr. In bogs.
Jungermannia, —, Hook.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 69
JUNGERMANNIA, L.
1. Schraderi, Mart. On dead wood. 2. barbata, Schreb. On earth and rocks. 3. crenulata, Smith. On damp earth. 4. pumila, With. On the ground and rotting logs. 5, ventricosa, Dicks. On old logs. 6. Helleriana, Nees. Upon rotten trunks. 7. polita, Nees. Wet woody hillsides. 8. incisa, Schrad. On the ground. SCAPANIA, Dmt. 1. nemorosa, Nees. On damp earth. 2. undulata, Nees. & Mont. In damp places.
PLAGIOCHILA, Dmtr.
1. porelloides, Lindbg. var. nodosa, (Taylor.) 2. asplenioides, (N. & M.) On damp earth.
To Hepatice, perhaps less attention has been given by American botanists, than to any order; it is certainly to be hoped that this neglect may not be a continuing quantity.
No classification is yet quite satisfactory, and difficulties exist, which can only be overcome by careful and long continued inves- tigations. It would at first seem, that if Hepatice are related upon the one hand to Musci, and through Ricciacee upon the other hand to Lichenes, that a reversal of the above arrangement were called for, and that the thallophytic forms should be at the end of the series touching Lichenes, and cormophytic species should immediately follow Musci ; but to quote Prof. Underwood:
‘** A lineal classification * * * * * does not properly present the ‘‘natural position or inter-relations of the Hepatice and other ‘‘groups, and indeed the affinities of the lower groups are too
‘‘imperfectly understood to represent even a tolerable natural, that “is to say genetic relationship.”’
This remark will apply with force to the classification of all the crytogamic orders.
70
DID IP oo
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PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
Coase Vi DRALLOPRSIT AY
ORDER 110. LICHENES. RAMALINA, Ach.
rigida, Pers. On trees. calicaris, (L.) Fr.
a. fraxinea, Fr. On trees.
b. fastigiata, Fr. On trees.
c. canaliculata, Fr. On trees.
d. farinacea, Schaer. On rocks and trees.
pollinaria, (Ach.) On rocks.
polymorpha, (Ach.) On rocks. CETRARIA, (Ach.) Fries.
Islandica, (L.) Ach. On the ground.
aleurites, (Ach.) Th. Fr. On trees.
b. placorodia, Tuckerm. On rail fences.
Fendleri, Tuckerm. On rails.
ciliaris, (Ach.) On trees and rail fences.
lacunosa, Ach. On trees and rails.
glauca, (L.) Ach. On rocks and trees.
Oakesiana, Tuckerm. In same places.
juniperina, (L.) Ach. Upon trees. EVERNIA, (Ach.) Mann.
furfuracea, (L.) Mann. Upon trees.
prunastri, (L.) Ach. On trees and rails.
USNEA, (Dill) Ach.
barbata, (L.) Fr. On trees.
a. florida, Fr. On trees.
*hirta, Fr. On trees.
**rubigenia, Michx. On trees.
ALECTORIA, (Ach.) Nyl. jubata, (L.) b. chalybeiformis, Ach. On dead wood.
THELOSCHISTES, (Norm.) Tuckerm.
chrysophthalmus, (L.) Norm. On trees, &c.
b. flavicans, Wallr. On trees: parietinus, (L.) Norm. On trees near salt water. polycarpus, Ehrb. On old fences, lychneus, Nyl. On stones. concolor, Dicks. On stones and trees and old fences.
PARMELIA, (Ach.) DeNot.
perlata, (L.) Ach. On trees. perforata, (Jacq.) Ach. On rocks and trees.
cetrata, Ach. On trees and rocks.
$3 po
CAS oe
— S
Perry
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 71
crinita, Ach. On rocks and trees. tiliacea, (Hoffm.) Floerke. On rocks and trees. Borreri, Turn. On trees and fences and stones.
b. rudecta, Tuckerm. In same situation. saxatilis, (L.) Fr. On rocks and fences and trees. physodes, (L.) Ach. In similar position. pertusa, (Schrank.) Schaer. On rocks and trees. colpodes, (Ach.) Nyl. On trees. olivacea, (L.) Ach. On rocks and trees. caperata, (L.) Ach. On rocks and trees and dead wood. conspera, (Ehrb.) Ach. In same places.
PHYSCIA, (D.C.) Th. Fr.
speciosa, (Ach.) Nyl. On rocks and trees. hypoleuca, (Muhl.) Tuckerm. On trees.
aquila, (Ach.) Nyl. b. detonsa, Tuckerm. On rocks gen- erally. pulverulenta, (Schreb.) Nyl. On the ground and on rocks.
stellaris, (L.) On rocks and trees and fences. astroidea, (Fr.) Nyl. _ On trees. tribacia, (Ach.) Tuckerm. On rocks. czesia, (Hoffm.) Ny]. On stones. obscura, (Ehrb.) Nyl. On dead wood generally.
*endochrysa, Nyl. On rocks and trees.
adglutinata, (Floerke.) Nyl. On small trees and bushes. PYXINH, Fr.
Frostii, Tuckerm. On rocks. sorediata, Fr. On rocks. UMBILICARIA, Hofim. Muhlenbergii, (Ach.) Tuckerm. On rocks. Dillenii, Tuckerm. On rocks. Pennsylvanica, Hoffm. On rocks. pustulata, L. On rocks. b. papulosa, Tuckerm. On rocks. STICTA, (Schreb.) Fr. amplissima, (Scop.) Mass. On stumps and rocks. aurata, (Sm.) Ach. On ground, &c. pulmonaria, (L.) Ach. On rocks and trees. quercizans, (Michx.) Ach. ? On trees. crocata, (L.) Ach. On stumps, &c. scrobiculata, (Scop.) Ach. Without fruit, on rocks. NEPHROMA, Ach. tomentosum, (Hoffm.) Koerb. On rocks and trees.
levigatum, Ach. On rocks and trees.
72 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
PELTIGERA, (Willd.) Fee.
1. aphthosa, (L.) Hoffm. On ground and on rocks. — 2. horizontalis, (L.) Hoffm. On wet rocks. 3. polydactyla, (Neck.) Hoffm. On ground and on rocks. 4, rufescens, (Neck.) Hoffm. On ground, on trunks and on rocks. 5. canina, (L.) Hoffm. On ground and roots of trees. PHYSMA, Mass. luridum, Mont. On rocks and fences. PANNARIA, (Delis.) Tuckerm.
1. microphylla, (Sw.) Delis. On rocks and trees. 2. tryptophylla, (Ach.) Mass. On rocks. HPHEBH, Fr., Born.
pubescens, Fr. On rocks. OMPHALARIA, Dur. & Mont. phyllisca, (Wahl.) Tuckerm. On rocks. COLLEMA, Hoffm., Fries. 1. pycnocarpum, Nyl. On tree trunks. 2. leptaleum, Tuckerm. On trees. 3. flaccidum, Ach. On rocks. 4. nigrescens, (Huds.) Ach. On trees. 5. ryssoleum, Tuckerm. On rocks. LEPTOGIUM, Fr., Nyl. 1. lacerum, (Sw.) Fr. On wet rocks. 2. pulchellum, (Ach.) Nyl. On base of trees and rocks. 3. Tremelloides, (L.f.) Fr. On rocks and trees in wet places. 4. myochroum, (Ehrb.) Tuckerm. In similar positions. a. saturninum, Schaer. Onrocks and trees. PLACODIUM, (D.C.) Naeg. & Hoppe. 1. cinnabarrinum, (Ach.) Anz. On rocks. 2. microphyllinum, Tuckerm. On old fences. 3. aurantiacum, (Lightf.)N.&H. On trees and dead wood. 4. cerinum, (Hedw.) b. sideritis, Tuckerm. On rocks. 5. ferrugineum, (Huds.) Hoppe. On fences and rocks. b. Pollinii. On trees, especially Juniperus. 5. vitellinum, (Ehrb.) N. & H. On rocks and fences. LECANORA, Ach., Tuckerm. 1. rubina, (Vill.) Ach. On rocks. . muralis, (Schreb.) Schaer. a. saxicola. On rocks. 3. pallida, (Schreb.) Schaer. On trees and dead wood.
c. angulosa, Hoffm. On rail fences.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 73
Oop go
subfusca, (L.) Ach. On rocks and fences and trees. e. distans, Ach. On rocks and trees. atra, (Huds.) Ach. On rocks and trees. varia, (Ehrh.) Nyl. On trees and fences and stones. d. symmicta, Ach. In similar places. e. seepincola, Fr. In similar places. elatina, Ach. On dead trees. pallescens, (L.) Schaerer. On dead wood and rocks. tartarea, (L.) Ach. On ground and stones. cinerea, (L.) Sommerf. On rocks. c. gibbosa, Nyl. On rocks and fences. cervina, (Pers.) Nyl. On rocks. fuscata, (Schrad.) Th. Fr. On rocks. b. fuscescens, Th. Fr. On rocks. privigna, (Ach.) Nyl. On rocks. b. pruinosa, Auctt. On rocks. ce. Clavus, Koerb. On rocks. RINODINA, Mass., Tuckerm. oreina, (Ach.) Mass. On rocks. sophodes, (Ach.) Nyl. On rocks and fences. b. atrocinerea, Nyl. On rocks. d. confragosa, Nyl. On rocks and trees. e. exigua, Fr. On rocks and fences and trees. constans, (Nyl.) Tuckerm. On trees and fences. PERTUSARIA, D.C. velata, (Turn.) Nyl. On rocks and trees. multipuncta, (Turn.) Nyl. On trees. communis, D. C. On rocks and trees. pustulata, (Ach.) Nyl. On trees. leioplaca, (Ach.) Schaer. On rocks and trees. Wiulfenii, D. C. On trees. CONOTREMA, Tuckerm. urceolatum, (Ach.) Tuckerm. On trees. GYALECTA, (Ach.) Anzi. Pineti, (Schrad.) Tuckerm. On bark of pine trees. URCEOLARIA, (Ach.) Flot. scruposa, Nyl. On ground. var. gpysacea, Nyl. On earth and mosses and lichens. var. parasitica, Nyl. On Cladonia.
MYRIANGIUM, Mont. & Berk. Dureii, Mont. & Berk. On bark of Walnut trees.
74
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
Ye Pe
90
10.
11.
12.
13. 14. 15. 16.
bo
CLADONIA, Hoffm.
alcicornis, (Lightf.) Floerke. On light soils.
cariosa, (Ach.) Spreng. On ground.
pyxidata, (L.) Fr. On old stumps and ground.
fimbriata, (L.) Fr. In same places.
b. tubzeeformis, Fr. In same places.
degenerans, FI. On the ground.
gracilis, (L.) Nyl. On the ground.
a. verticillata, Fr. On the ground.
c. elongata, Fr. On the ground.
cornuta, (L.) Fr. In Herb. Olney.
Papillaria, (Ehrb.) Hoffm. On sandy soil.
cenotea, (Ach.) Schaer. On old stumps.
b. furcellata, Fr. On old stumps and earth.
furcata, (Huds.) Fr. On old logs and earth.
a. crispata, Fr. On the ground.
b. racemosa, Fr. On the ground.
ec. subulata, Fr. On the ground.
rangiferina, (L.) Hoftm. On sterile soil.
a. On the ground.
b. sylvatica, L. On the ground.
ce. alpestris, L. On stony land.
uncialis, (L.) Fr. On the ground.
b. adunca, (Auctt.) On the ground.
Boryi, Tuckerm. On the ground.
cornucopioides, (L.) Fr. On the ground.
macilenta, (Ehrb.) Hoffm. On old stumpsand on the earth.
cristatella, Tuckerm. On rotten wood and ground.
b. ochrocarpa. In same places. CYSTOCOLEUS, Thwaites.
rupestris, (Pers.) Rabenh. Dr. Farlow.
BAOMYCES, Pers., Nyl. roseus, Pers. On the earth. byssoideus, (L.) Fr. On the earth. BIATORA, Fr.
. exigua, (Chaub.) Fr. On trees. lucida, Fr. Sometimes fertile, on stone walls. rubella, (Ehrb.) Rabenh. On trees.
var. Schweinitzii, Tuckerm. anthrocephala, Nyl. On trees. LECIDEA, (Ach.) Fr. contigua, Fr. On rocks. enteroleuca, Ach. On trees.
melancheima, Tuckerm. On trees and fences.
eS
Sp
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
BUELLIA, (DeNot.) Tuckerm.
atro-alba, (Fl.) Th. Fr. parasema, (Ach.) Kbr. myriocarpa, (D. C.) Mudd. petra, (Fl.) Tuckerm. geographica, (L.) Tuckerm.
OPEGRAPHA, Humb. varia, (Pers.) Fr. GRAPHIS, (Ach.) Nyl.
scripta, (L.) Sch. var. limitata, Schaer. var. recta, Schaer. var. serpentina, Schaer.
ARTHONITIA, Ach., Nyl.
pyrrhula, Nyl. ACOLIUM, Fee., DeNot. tigillare, (Ach.) CALICIUM, (Pers.) Fr.
trichiale, Ach. lenticulare, (Hoffm.) Ach. trachelinum, Ach. turbinatum, Pers.
ENDOCARPON, Hedw., Fr.
miniatum, (L.) Schaer. var. complicatum, Schaer. var. aquaticum, Schaer.
VERRUCARIA, (Pers.) Tuckerm. —
nigrescens, Pers. muralis, Ach.
PYRENULA, (Ach.) Naegr. & Hoppe.
gemmata, (Ach.) Nyl. nitida, Ach.
75
On granite rocks.
On trees.
On rocks ? On rocks ?
On rocks.
On trees and dead wood.
On trees. On trees. On trees. On trees.
On bark of trees.
On old fences and rails.
On bark of trees.
On dead wood.
On trees and dead wood. On Pertusaria.
On rocks. On rocks. On rocks.
On rocks. On rocks.
On trees. On trees.
76
ST Oot Fa
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ORDER 111. FUNGI.
Sus-OrpER HYMENOMYCETES.
AGARICUS, Linn.
[Amanita] phalloides, Fr. muscarius, Fr. excelsus, Fr. rubescens, Pers.
[Lepiota] procerus, Scop. cristatus, Bolt. granulosus, Batsch.
[Armillaria] melleus, Vahl.
[Tricholoma] sculpturatus, Fr. luridus, Schaeff. albus, Fr. nudus, Bull. humilis, Fr.
[Clitocybe] nebularis, Batsch. elixus, Sow. aggregatus, Schaeff. fumosus, Pers. infundibuliformis, Schaeff. laccatus, Scop.
var. amethystinus.
([Collybia] platyphyllus, Fr. velutipes, Curtis. tuberosus, Bull. dryophilus, Bull.
[Mycena] rosellus, Fr. purus, Pers. lacteus, Pers. galericulatus, Scop. alcalinus, Fr. filopes, Bull. heematopus, Pers. epipterygius, Scop. citrinellus, Pers. corticola, Schum. capillaris, Schum.
[Omphalia] pyxidatus, Bull. hepaticus, Batsch. umbelliferus, L. campanella, Batsch. camptophyllus, Berk. fibula, Bull.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 77
ee mMODODA SAP ON
[Pleurotus] ulmarius, Bull. applicatus, Batsch. [Entoloma] sinuatus, Fr. clypeatus, L. rhodapolus, Fr. [Clitopilus] prunulus, Scop. var. Orcella. [Nolanea] pascuus, Pers. fusco-carneus, Fr. caperatus, Fr. [Pholiota] durus, Bolt. preecox, Pers. mutabilis, Schaeff. [Hebeloma] rimosus, Bull. lacerus, Fr. lucifugus, Fr. geophyllus, Sow. [Flammula] flavidus, Schaeff. spumosus, Fr. [Naucoria] ver-vacti, Fr. semiorbicularis, Bull. [Galera] lateritius, Fr. tener, Schaefi. Hypnorum, Batsch. [Tubaria] furfuraceus, Pers. [Psalliota] arvensis, Schaeff. campestris, L. [Strophania] stercorarius, Fr. semiglobatus, Batsch. [Hypholoma] sublateritius, Fr. fascicularis, Huds. [Psilocybe] foensecii, Pers. [Panzolus] campanulatus, L. papilionaceus, Bull. [Psathyrella] disseminatus, Fr.
COPRINUS, Fries. comatus, Fr. atramentarius, Fr. fimentarius, Fr. tomentosus, Fr. niveus, Fr. tergiversans, Fr. micaceus, Fr. radiatus, Fr. domesticus, Fr. ephemerus, Fr. plicatilis, Fr.
78 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
a eee
CORTINARIUS, Fries.
turbinatus, Fr. violaceus, Fr. pholideus, Fr. tabularis, Fr. anomalus, Fr. sanguineus, Wulf. cinnamomeus, Fr. castaneus, Fr.
FAVOLUS, Fries. Canadensis, KI]. PAXILLUS, Fries. involutus, Fr. HYGROPHORUS, Fries.
eburneus, Fr. niveus, Fr. leetus, Fr. ceraceus, Fr. coccineus, Fr. cantharellus, Fr.
LACTARIUS, Fries.
torminosus, Fr. trivialis, Fr. zonarius, Fr. vividus, Fr. piperatus, Fr. vellereus, Fr. pallidus, Fr. rufus, Fr. volemus, Fr. subdulcis, Fr. fuliginosus, Fr.
RUSSULA, Fries.
Pst St pe co bo
Se Ree pe
PSS PAST P whe
a
adusta, Fr. rosacea, Fr. foetans, Fr. nitida, Fr. alutacea, Fr.
CANTHARELLUS, Adans.
1. cibarius, Fr. 2. cinnabarinus, Schwein. 3. aurantiacus, Fr.
Stl aie geld el we
=
es
ay
Set PSS
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PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
umbonatus, Pers. infundibuliformis, Fr. cinereus, Fr.
NYCTALIS, Fries.
asterophora, Bull. parasitica, Fr.
MARASMIUS, Fries peronatus, Fr. plancus, Fr. fusco-purpureus, Fr. archyropus, Fr. calopus, Fr. rotula, Fr. androsaceus, Fr. Olneyi, B. & C. hzematocephalus, Mont.
LENTINUOUS, Fries.
ecochleatus, Fr. Le Contei, Fr.
PANUS, Fries. stypticus, Fr.
SCHIZOPHYLLOUM, Fries.
commune, Fr.
TROGIA, Fries.
crispa, Fr.
LENZITES, Fries. betulina, Fr. tricolor, Fr. Klotzschii, Berk. Sepiaria, Fr. abietina, Fr. Berkeleii, Lev. corrugata, KI. eximia, B. & C.
BOLETUS, Fries. flavidus, Fr. granulatus, L. bovinus, L. piperatus, Buil. parasiticus, Bull. variegatus, Fr. calopus, Fr.
79
oe SS ee ee
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
edulis, Bull. luridus, Fr. castaneus, Bull. cyanescens, Bull.
STROBILOMYCES, Berkeley.
strobilaceus, Berk.
POLYPORUS, Fries.
[Mesopus] lentus, Berk. leucomelas, Pers. perennis, Fr. brunalis, Fr. tomentosus, Fr.
[Pleuropus] elegans, Fr. varius, Fr. lucidus, Fr. Boucheanus, Fr.
[Merismus] sulfureus, Fr.
[Apus] destructor, Fr. lacteus, Fr. hypococcineus, Berk. adustus, Fr. spumeus, Fr. benzoinus, Fr. betulinus, Fr. conchifer, Schw. fomentarius, Fr. cinnabarinus, Fr. salicinus, Fr. cervinus, Pers. connatus, Fr. radiatus, Fr. cupulzformis, B. & C. hirsutus, Fr. velutinus, Fr. zonatus, Fr. versicolor, Fr.
var. fasciatus. laceratus, Berk.
[Resupinatus] elongatus, Berk. Xalapensis, Berk. pinsitus, Fr. ferrugineus, Fr. vaporarius, Fr. incrustans, B. & C.
N
37.
39.
eS
Pe te
a aa a PNR SSNPN AK PWN pS
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
nidularis, Fr. subfuscoflavidus, Rostk. favillaceus, B. & C.
TRAMETES, Fries.
lactinea, Berk. sepium, Berk.
DADALEA, Fries. cinerea, Fr. ? quercina, Pers. unicolor, Fr.
MERULIUS, Fries. tremellosus, Schrad. Corium, Fr. lacrymans, Fr.
FISTULINA, Bull. hepatica, Fr. IRPEX, Fries. pityreus, B. & C. cinnamomeus, Fr. crassus, B. & C. sinuosus, Fr.
HYDNUM, Lim.
imbricatum, L. subsquamosum, Batsch. repandum, L. compactum, Pers. aurantiacum, A. & S. ferrugineum, Fr. spadiceum, Pers. zonatum, Batsch. cyathiforme, Schaeff. adustum, Schw. erinaceum, Bull. ochraceum, Pers. alutaceum. Pers. amplissimum, B. & C.
RADULUM, Fries. molare, Fr. orbiculare, Fr. Bennettii, B. & C. leetum, Fr. 6
81
82
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
“
A oo po
C.F SSS
Pep
PoP ON pf
PHLEBIA, Fries.
merismoides, Fr. vaga, Fr.
KNEIFFIA, Fries. setigera, Fr.
CRATERELLUS, Fries. cornucopioides, Fr. crispus, Fr. sinuosus, Fr. clavatus, Fr.
THELEPHORA, Fries. anthocephala, Fr. caryophyllea, Fr. candida, Fr. multipartita, Schw. pallida, Schw. pteruloides, B. & C. laciniata, Pers. sebacea, Fr. cuticularis, Berk.
STEREUM, Fries.
purpureum, Fr. hirsutum, Fr. spadiceum, Fr. rugosum, Fr. Pini, Fr. acerinum, Fr.
var. nivosum, Curtis. complicatum, Fr. ochraceo-flavum, Schw. Curtissii, Berk. frustulosum, Fr. Micheneri, B. & C. albobadium, Schw.
HYMENOCH ATH, Lev. rubiginosa, Lev. avellana, Lev. insularis, B. corrugata, Lev.
AURICULARIA, Fries. mesenterica, Bull.
OO TH NP ww
OD ID OC
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
CORTICIUM, Fries.
salicinum, Fr. Oakesii, B. & C. leeve, Fr.
viticola, Fr. ceruleum, Schrad. quercinum, Pers. cinereum, Fr. incarnatum, Fr. polygonium, Pers. umbrinum, Fries. laxum, Fr. olivaceum, Fr. ferrugineum, Fr. venosum, B. & Ray. vagum, B. & C. colliculosum, B. & C. scutellatum, B. & C.
CYPHELLA, Fries.
fulva, B. & Rav. cupuleformis, B. & Rav.
HEXOBASIDIUM, Peck. Azalez, Peck.
SPARASSIS, Fries. crispa, Fr.
CLAVARIA, Linn.
flava, Fr. botrytis, Pers. fastigiata, D. C. cristata, Holmsk. aurea, Schaeff. formosa, Pers. stricta, Pers. crispula, Fr. fusiformis, Sow. inzqualis, Miill. argillacea, Fr. contorta, Fr.
CALOCERA, Fries. viscosa, Fr.
83
84
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
SUS ee a
ae
ea
go bo
TREMELLA, Fries. foliacea, Pers. lutescens, Pers. mesenterica, Retz. vesicaria, Bull. albida, Huds. intumescens, Sow. torta, Willd. HXIDIA, Fries. glandulosa, Fr. obliqua, B. & C. NAMATELIA, Fries. nucleata, Fr. encephala, Fr. DACRYMYCHS, Nees. deliquescens, Bb. & Br. stillatus, Fr. chrysosperma, B. & C. DITIOLA, Fries.
radicata, Fr.
Sup-OrpER. GASTEROMYCETES.
RHIZOPOGON, Tulasne. rubescens, Tul.
PHALLUS, Linn. impudicus, L. duplicatus, Bose.
GEASTER, Mich.
hygrometricus, Pers. fornicatus, Fr. multifidus, Grev.
BOVISTA, Dill. plumbea, Pers. nigrescens, Pers. LYCOPERDON, Tourn.
pyriforme, Schaeff. gemmatum, Batsch. cruciatum, Rotsk.
Pe Poe
=
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
saccatum, Fr. ceelatum, Vahl. giganteum, Batsch.
SCLERODERMA, Persoon.
vulgare, Fr. bovista, Fr. Texense, Berk. verrucosum, Pers.
MITREMYCES, Schw. lutescens, Schw.
LYCOGALA, Mich. epidendrum, Fr.
BREHEFELDIA, Rostk. maxima, (Fr.) Rostk.
RETICULARIA, Bull. lycoperdon, Bull. PHYSARUDU MM, Pers.
cinereum, Batsch. Schumacheri, Rostk.
TILMADOCHE, (Rostk.)
nutans, Pers. mutabilis, Rostk.
DID YMIUM, Schrad. clavus, A. & S.
FU LIGO, Persoon. varians, Rostk.
CHONDRIODERMA, Rostk.
radiatum, Rostk. DICTYDIUM, Schrad. cernuum, Rostk. ARCYRIA, Hill. punicea, Pers. TRICHIA, Hall.
fragilis, Sow. chrysosperma, Bull.
85
86
QO IS OTR go Op
ee ON
et et ee ee te
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
HEMIARCYRIA, Persoon. rubiformis, Pers.
CYATHUS, Persoon. striatus, Hoffm. , vernicosus, D. C. CRUCIBULOUM, Tulasne. vulgare, Tnl.
SPH A ROBOLUS, Tode. stellatus, Tode.
SusB-OrpER CONIOMYCETES.
LEPTOSTROMA, Fries. litigiosa, Desm. PHOMA, Fries.
concentricum, Desm. radula, B. & C. scabriusculum, B. & C. nebulosum, B. & C. glandicola, B. & C. ampelinum, B. & C. brunneitinctum, B. & C. melaleucum, B. & C.
LEPTOTHYRIUM, Kunze.
Juglaudis, Lib. Fragarie, Lib. Ribis, Lib.
Celastri, B. & C. punctiforme, B. & C.
SPHAROPSIS, Lev.
ocellata, B. & C. insignis, B. & C. collabens, B. & C. memunia, B. & C. brunneola, B. & C. Galle, B. & C. torulosa, B. & C. viticola, B. & C. plantaginicola, B. & C.
DISCOSIA, Lib. alnea, Lib.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 87
dl oe
a
— —_
pak
»
PO .gt SS Be foo
DIPLODIA, Fries. Viticola, Desm. Rose, B. & C. vulgaris, Lev.
DOTHIORA, Fries.
pyrenophora, Fr. Zee, Sw.
VERMICULARIA, Tode.
circinans, Berk. dematium, Lk. Liliaceorum, Schw.
MELASMIA, Lev. ulmicola,.B. & C. SEPTORIA, Fries.
polygonorum, Desm. ochroleuca, B. & C. castanezcola, Desm. Ulmi, Kze. Nabali, B. & C. Herbarum, B. & C. maculans, B. &C. plantaginicola, B. & C. Rubi, B. & C. Pyri, Curtis. Ginothere, B. & C. inconspicua, B. & C. Stigma, B. & C. complanata, B. & C. Ribis, Desm. DEPAZEA, Fries.
cruenta, Fr. brunnea, B. & C.
DISCELLA, B. & Br. carbonacea, B. & Br.
MELANCONIUM, Link.
oblongum, Berk. magnum, Berk.
CORYNEUM, Kunze.
pulvinatum, Kze. decipiens, B. & C. unicolor, M. A. C.
88 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
PESTALOZZIA, DeNot. 1. Guepini, Desm. 2. wunicolor, B. & C. MYXOSPORIUM, DeNot. nitidum, B. & C.
NAMASPORA, Persoon. crocea, Pers.
TORULA, Pers. herbarum, Lk.
SEPTONEMA, Berk. spilomeum, Berk.
SPORIDESMIUM, Link. Lepraria, B. & Br. melanopum, B. & Br. epicococcoides, B. & C. pallidum, B. & C. acerosum, B. & C. epiphyllum, B. & C. PHRAGMIDIUM, Link. mucronatum, Lk. bulbosum, Schl. PUCCINIA, Pers. Graminis, Pers. Violarum, Lk. Menthe, Pers. Sorghi, Schw. Polygonorum, Lk. Anemones, Pers. Circee, Schw. GYMNOSPORANGIUM, D.C. Juniperi, Lk.
PODISOMA, Lk.
Peete eee ee
vr
rd sic ih aan ol ni 3
Juniperi, Fr. USTILAGO, Link. carbo, Tul. urceolorum, Tul. Maydis, Corda. utriculosa, Fr. Caricis, D. C.
a
Ae aa ad
Cre ay fs
Se ao SP
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 89
UROMYCES, Lev.
Lespedezz-violacee, Schw. appendiculata, Lev.
MELAMPSORA, Cast. salicina, Lev. UREDO, Lev.
Potentillarum, D. C. Solidaginis, Schw. effusa, Straw.
Caricis, Lk. Labiatarum, D. C. vitellina, D. C. mixta, B. & C. Pyrole, Straw. Leguminosarum, Lk.
TRICHOBASIS, Lev. Pyrole, Berk.
RG@STELIA, Reb. lacerata, Tul.
Ai CIDIUM, Persoon.
Euphorbie, Pers. Berberidis, Pers. Ranunculacearum, D. C. Grossularie, D. C. Urtice, D. C. Geranii, D. C. Aroidatum, Schw. Compositarum, Mart. Viole, Schum. rubellum, Pers.
Ari, Berk.
‘Menthe, D. C.
Botryapites, Schw.
Susp-Orper HYPHOMYCETES.
ISARIA, Fries. brachiata, Schum. CERATIUM,A.&S.
crustosum, B. & C. hydnoides, A. &S.
90
c
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
TUBERCULARIA, Tode.
granulata, Pers. nigricans, D. C.
FUSARIUM, Link. lateritium, Nees. ILLOSPORIUM, Mont. coccineum, Fr. EHEPICOCCUM, Link. neglectum, Desm. HELMINTHOSPORIUM, Link. macrocarpon, Grev. POLYTHRINCIUM, Kunze. Trifolii, Kze. Galle, Kze. ASPERGILLUS, Mich. glaucus, Lk. PHERONOSPORA, DeBy. infestans, Mont. OIDIUM, Link.
fructigenium, Schrad. fulvum, Lk.
PENICILLUM, Link. candidum, Lk. DACTYLIUM, Nees.
dendroides, Fr. roseum, Berk.
STREPTOTHRIX, Corda. atra, B. & C.
Sus-OrpeR PHYSOMYCETES.
MU COR, Mich.
mucedo, L. phycomyces, Berk.
PILOBOLUS, Tode. crystallinus, Tode.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 91
SAPROLEGNIA,* Kutz. ferax, Kutz.
Sus-OrpER ASCOMYCETES.
PHYLLACTINIA, Lev. guttata, Lev. PODOSPHAIRIA, Kze. Kunzei, Lev. ERYSIPHE, Hedw. 1. Martii, Lk. 2. communis, Schl. MORCHELLA, Dill.
1. esculenta, Pers. 2. conica, Pers.
HELVELLA, Linn. crispa, Fr. lacunosa, Afz. elastica, Bull. ephippium, Lev.
MITRULA, Fries.
oe: 86
1. paludosa, Fr. 2. cucullata, Fr. LEOTIA, Hill. lubrica, Pers. GEOGLOSSUM, Persoon. 1. hirsutum, Pers. 2. difforme, Fr. RHIZINA, Fries. umbellata, Fr. PEZIZA, Linn.
acetabulum, L. venosa, Pers. aurantia, Fr. micropus, Pers.
PSP
*T have found forms of Saprolegnia upon dead fish in Benedict Pond, which appear to accord with Archer’s description of S. monoica, Pringsh. and S. dioica (Pringsh.)
92 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
5. subhirsuta, Schw. 6. granulata, Bull. 7. furfuracea, Fr. 8. coccinea, Jacq. 9. umbrata, Fr.
10. scutellata, L. 11. calyceria, Schw. 12. cerina, Pers.
13. villosa, Pers.
14. fusca, Pers.
15. flexella, Pers.
16. cinerea, Batsch.
17. atrata, Pers.
18. lucida, B.
HELOTIUM, Fries.
zeruginosum, Fr. citrinum, Fr. pallescens, Fr. herbarum, Fr.
TYMPANIS, Tode.
moh »
1. alnea. Pers. 2. conspersa, Fr,
CENANGIDUM, Fries.
—_
Cerasi, Fr. 2. Rubi, Fr.
ASCOBOLUS, Tode. furfuraceus, Pers.
BULGARIA, Fries. inquinans, Fr. 2. sarcodes, Fr.
—_
STICTIS, Persoon.
1. radiata, Pers. 2. versicolor, Fr.
CLAVICEPS, Tulasne. purpurea, Tul.
HYSTERIUM, Tode.
1. pulicare, Pers. pinastri, Schrad. 3. juniperinum, DeNot.
©
—
bo
bo
Se ooo
oe ae
bo
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
TORRUBIA, Lev. militaris, Fr. ophioglossoides, Tul. HYPOCREA, Fries. alutacea, Fr.
NECTRIA, Fr. cinnabarina, Fr. polythalamia, B. & C. sanguinea, Fr. XYLARIA, Fries. Hypoxylon, Grev. . polymorpha, Grev. digitata, Grev. USTULINA, Tulasne. vulgaris, Tul.
HYPOXYLON, Fr.
coccineum, Bull. fuscum, Fr.
udum, Fr. punctatum, marginatum, Schw.
DOTHIDEA, Fries. Ulmi, Fr. Trifolii, Fr. graminis, Fr. Pteridis, Fr. filicina, Fr.
DIATRYPEHE. Fries. Quercina, Tul. verruceformis, Fr. Stigma, Fr.
MELANCONIS, Tulasne.
Stilbostoma, Tul.
VALSA, Fr. prunastri, Fr. salicina, Fr. nivea, Fr. CUCURBITARIA, Gray. elongata, Grev.
93
94
CPSU Fee
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
LOPHIOSTOMA, DeNot.
macrostomum, Fr.” nucula, Fr.
SPH ARIA, Hill. aquila, Fr. pomiformis, Pers. pulveracea, Ehr. livida, Fr. rubella, Pers. Doliolum, Pers. clypeus, Schw. verbascicola, Schw. ulmea, Schw.
GNOMONIA, fimbriata, (Pers.) SPHARELLA, DeNot.
maculeformis, Fr. var. equalis. punctiformis, Pers. pinastri, Duby. Pteridis, Desm. MICROTHYRIUM, Desm.
microscopicum, Desm. Smilacis, Not.
CAPNODIUM, Mont.
elongatum, B. & Desm.
DICH ANA, Fries. faginea, Fr.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 95
ORDER 112. ALGA. [ Marine. }
Susp-Orper CRYPTOPHYCEX. GLOHOCAPSA, Kutz.
crepidinum, Thuret. Newport, Dr. Farlow. LYNGBIA,* Ag. 1. majuscula, Harv. Providence, Olney. tNo. 108. 2. eestuarii, Liebm. Narragansett Bay. 3. luteo-fusca, Ag. Newport, &c. 4. tenerrima, Thuret. Newport, Dr. Farlow. SYMPLOCA, Kutz. fasciculata, Kutz. Newport, Dr. Farlow. CALOTHRIX, (Ag.) Thuret. 1. confervicola, Ag. Providence, &c., Olney. No. 112. 2. crustacea, (Schousb.) Born. & Thuret. Narragansett Bay. 3. scopulorum, Ag. Providence, Olney. No. 113. var. Vivipara. Seaconnett, &c., Prof. J. W. Bailey. 4, pulvinata, Ag. Newport, Dr. Farlow. 5. parasitica, Thur. = ¢ MONOSTROMA, (Thuret.) Wittrock. pulchrum, Farlow. Watch Hill, Prof. Eaton.
ULVA, (L.) Le Jolis. 1. Lactuca, (L.) Le Jolis.
var. rigida, Le Jolis. Narragansett Bay. var. Lactuca, Le Jolis. Providence, &c. U. Lactuca, L. Alg. Rhod. No. 74.
var. latissima, Le Jolis. Providence, &c.
U. latissima, L. Alg. Rhod. No. 75. 2, Hnteromorpha, (L.) Le Jolis. var. lanceolata, Le Jolis. Providence to Newport. var. intestinalis, Le Jolis. - “6 Enteromorpha intestinalis. Alg. Rhod. No. 71. var. compressa, Le Jolis. Enteromorpha compressa, Grev. Alg. Rhod. No. 72. 3. Clathrata, Ag. Newport, Olney. Enteromorpha clathrata, Grev. Alg. Rhod. No. 73.
* Other species are noted under Fresh Water Alga, p. 113. t The No. refers to Alge Rhodiace, by Stephen T. Olney, Providence, 1871; synonyms have same reference.
96 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
_
SRSA CE Sr ES
po
CHA TOMORPHA, Kutz. eerea, Dillw. Newport, Prof. J. W. Bailey. No. 89.
Linum, (Fl. Dan.) Kutz. Ch. sutoria, Berk. Alg. Rhod. No. 93.
Olneyi, Harv. Little hia dae Olney. No. 90. longiarticulata, Harv. 2 ie No. 91.
var. crassior. “‘ “J sé No. 92.
CLADOPHORA,* Kutz. arcta, Dillw. Watch Hill, Prof. Eaton. rupestris, (L.) Kutz. Newport, &c., Olney. No. 88. albida, (Huds.) Kutz. Newport, &c., Dr. Farlow. refracta, (Roth.) Aresch. So. R. Island, Olney. No. 865. glaucescens, (Griff.) Harv. Narragansett Bay, Olney. No. 84. Rudolphiana, Ag. Providence, Olney. No. 86. gracilis, (Griff.) Kutz. Little Compton, Olney. No. 87. fracta, (Fl. Dan.) Kutz. Prof. J. W. Bailey. No. 88. Magdalene, Harv. Napatree Point, Prof. Eaton. BULBOCOLEON, Pringsh.
piliferum, Pringsh. Newport, Dr. Farlow.
Sus-OrvER PHAOSPORE. PHYLLITIS, (Kutz.) Le Jolis.
Fascia, Kutz. Watch Hill, Prof. Eaton. SCYTOSIPHON, (Ag.) Thuret. lomentarius, Ag. Narragansett Bay, &c.
Chorda lomentaria, Lyngb. Alg. Rhod. No. 9. PUNCTARIA, Grev.
latifolia, Grev., var. Zosteree, Le Jolis. Providence, &c. P. tenuissima, Harv. Alg. Rhod. No. 12.
plantaginea, (Roth.) Grev. Pt. Judith, Olney, No. 18. DESMARESTIA, Lamx.
aculeata, Lamx. Narragansett Bay, &c. DICT Y OSIPHON., Grev:
foeniculaceus, Grev. Narragansett Bay, Olney. No. 11.
ECTOCARPUS, Lyngb. Chordarie, Farlow. Newport, Dr. Farlow.
reptans, Cronan. granularis, Ag. ss 6
* See p. 102, under Fresh Water Alge, for other species of this genus.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 97
4. confervoides, (Roth.) Le Jolis. Providence, &c. Ec. viridis, Harv. Alg. Rhod. No. 23. var. Siliculosus, Ryellman. Ec. siliculosus, Lyngb. Alg. Rhod. No. 22.
5. fasciculatus, Harv. Narragansett Bay, Olney. No. 24. 6. firmus, Ag. Newport, Olney.
Ec. littoralis, Harv. Alg. Rhod. No. 21. SPHACEHLARIA, Lyngb.
radicans, (Dillw.) Harv. Newport, Dr. Farlow. MYRIOTRICHIA, claveformis, Harv., var. filiformis. Newport.
M. filiformis, Griff. Alg. Rhod. No. 20.
CLADOSTEPHUOUS, Ag. verticillaris, Ag. Newport, Olney. No. 19. var. Spongiosus. Newport, Matunuck. C. spongiosus. Alg. Rhod. No. 18. ELACHISTEA, Duby. fucicola, Fries. Narragansett Bay. No. 17. LHEATHESIA, S. F. Gray. difformis, (L.) Aresch. Point Judith, Block Island, Olney.
No. 16. CHORDARIA, Ag. flagelliformis, Ag. Narragansett Bay, Olney. No. 14. MESOGLOTIA, Ag. divaricata, Kutz. Newport, Olney.
Chordaria divaricata, Ag. Alg. Rhod. No. 15.
RALFSIA, Berk. verrucosa, Aresch. Newport, Dr. Farlow.
STILOPHORA, Ag. rhizoides, Ag. South Rhode Island, Olney. No. 10.
CHORDA, Stackh. filum, L. Narragansett Bay, &c. No. 8.
LAMINARIA, Lamx. 1. longicruris, De La Pyl. Watch Hill, Prof. Eaton ; Sachuest, Bennett. 2. saccharina, (L.) Lamx. South Rhode Island. No. 5. 3. digitata, (Turn.) Lamx. Narragansett, Olney. No. 6.
‘
98
~
ee yy
Owe
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
Sus-OrpER OOSPOREZ.
ASCOPHYLLUM, (Stackh.) Le Jolis.
nodosum, Le Jolis. Fucus nodosus, L. Alg. Rhod. No. 5.
FUCUS, L. vesiculosus, L. & vars. No. 4.
SARGASSOUM, Ag. vulgare, Ag. Rocky Point, Bristol Ferry, &c. No. 1. var. Montagnei. Little Compton, Olney. S. Montagnei. Alg. Rhod. No. 2.
Sus-OrpeER FLORIDEZ. TRENTEPOHLIA, (Ag.) Pringsh.
virgatula, Harv. Napatree, Prof. Eaton. PORPHYRA, Ag. laciniata, Ag. Newport, Olney. No. 69.
BANGIA, Lyngb. fusco-purpurea, Lyngb. Narragansett Bay, &c. No. 70.
HILDENBRANDTIA, Nardo.
rosea, Kutz. Napatree Point, Prof. Faton. NEMALION, Duby. multifidum, Ag. Narragansett Bay. No. 45. SCINATIA, Bivona. furcellata, Bivona. Newport, Prof. J. W. Bailey. SPERMOTHAMNION, Aresch. Turneri, (Ag.) Aresch. Olney.
Callithamnion Turneri, Ag. Alg. Rhod. No. 67. CALLITHAMNION, Lyngb,
Rothii, Lyngb. No. 68. cruciatum, Ag. Napatree Point, Prof. Eaton. Americanum, Harv. Watch Hill, Prof. Eaton. plumula, Lyngb. Newport, Block Island, Prof. Eaton. Borreri, Ag. Newport, Dr. Durkee; Seaconnett, Congdon.
No. 62, tetragonum, Ag. Newport, &c. No. 60. byssoideum, Arn. Providencce, Olney. No. 63.
corymbosum. Providence, Prof. J. W. Bailey. No. 65.
10. 11.
Se wo bo
_
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 99
Baileyi, Harv. Newport, Olney. No. 61.
Dietzicze, Hooper. Narragansett Bay, Olney. No. 64.
seirospermum, Griff. Prof. J. W. Bailey. No. 66. GRIFFITHSIA, An.
Bornetiana, Farlow. Providence, &c.
G. corallina? var. tenuis, Harv. Alg. Rhod. No. 459.
PTELOT A ; Ag.
elegans, Bonnem. Newport, J. W. Bailey. No. 58. serrata, Ktz. Block Island, Prof. Eaton. CHRAMIUM, Lyngb. rubrum, Ag. ‘* Providence to Block Island.’’ No. 54. var. proliferum, Ag. Newport. No. 56. diaphanum, Roth. Providence, &c. No. 56. Deslongchampsii, Ch. Newport, Harvey. fastigiatum, Harv. Newport, &c. No. 57. tenuissimum, (Lyngb.) Ag. Dr. Farlow. SPYRIDIA, Harv. filamentosa, Harv. Newport, &c. PLYLLOPHORA, Grev. Brodiei, Ag. Newport, Dr. Farlow. membranifolia. South Rhode Island, Olney. No. 48. AHNFELDTIA, Fries. plicata, Fries. Southern shores, Olney. No. 49. CYSTOCLONIUM, Kutz. purpurascens, Kutz. Narragansett Bay. No. 50. CHONDRUS, Stackh. crispus, (L.) Stackh. Rooky ocean shores. No. 51.
RHODYMENTIA, (Grev.) J. Ag. palmata, (L.) Grev. South Rhode Island, Olney. No. 46.
CORDYLECLADIA, J. Ag. ? Huntii, Harv. Narragansett Bay, Mr. Geo. Hunt. No. 47.
EKEUTHORA, Ag.
cristata, J. Ag. Newport, J. W. Bailey ; Watch Hill, Prof. Eaton.
100 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
LOMENTARIA, (Gaill) Thuret.
1. uncinata, Menegh., v. filiformis. Prof. Harvey. Chylocladia, Bailey and Harv. Alg. Rhod. No. 52. 2. rosea, (Harv.) Thuret. Chylocladia rosea, Harv. Alg. Rhod. No. 53.
CHAMPTA, (Ag.) Harv.
1. parvula, (Ag.) Harv. Newport, &c. No. 39. 2. salicornioidea, Ag. Watch Hill, Prof. Eaton. HYPNEA, Lamx. musciformis, Lamx. Narragansett Bay, &c.
POLYIDHES, Ag.
rotundus, Grev. Newport, Prof. J. W. Bailey. GRINNELLIA, Harv.
Americana, Harv. Providence, &c. No. 42. DELESSERIA, Lamx.
sinuosa, Lamx. Newport, Prof. Eaton. GRACILARIA, Grev.
multipartita, J. Ag. Providence, Prof. Harvey.
G. multipartita, var. angustissima, Harv. Alg. Rhod. No. 438. CHONDRIOPSIS, J. Ag. 1. dasyphylla, Ag. Chondria dasyphylla, Ag. Alg. Rhod. No. 25.
2. tenuissima, Ag., var. Baileyana. Narragansett Pier, &c. Chondria Baileyana, Mont. Alg. Rhod. No. 26. RHODOMELA, J. Ag. subfusca, Ag., var. gracilior, J. Ag. Providence.
R. subfusca, Ag. Alg. Rhod. No. 27.
POLYSIPHONIA, Grev.
1. subtilissima, Mont. Providence, Olney. No. 28. 2. Olneyi, Harv. Providence. No. 29. 3. Harveyi, Bailey. Providence, Dr. Farlow. No. 30. 4. elongata, Grev. Napatree, Prof. Eaton. 5. fibrillosa, Grev. Newport, Prof. Harvey. No, 31. 6. violacea, Grev. Point Judith, Dr. Farlow. No. 32. 7. vVariegata, Ag. Narragansett Bay, &c. 8. parasitica, Grev. Providence, Prof. Harvey. No. 33. 9. atrorubens, Grey. Little Compton, Dr. Durkee. No. 34. 10. nigrescens, Grev. In all waters. No. 35.
var. fucoides, Ag. Newport.
P. nigrescens, var. disticha, Harv. Alg. Rhod. No. 36.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. : 101
11. fastigiata, Grev. Narragansett Bay, &c. No. 37. DASYA, Ag. elegans, Ag. Providence to Block Island. No. 38. CORALLINA, Lamx. officinalis, L. Newport, &c. No. 40.
MEHLOBESIA, Aresch. pustulata, Lamx. Narragansett Pier, Prof. Harvey. No. 41.
LITHOTHAMNION, Phil. polymorphum, (L.) Aresch. Watch Hill, Prof. Eaton.
The following named species of Marine Alge mentioned by Dr. Farlow in his various works upon New England Alge, seem to deserve insertion here, as they probably occur in our district :
Clathrocystis rosea-persicina, Cohn. ‘‘ Whole New England coast.”’
Isactis plana, Thuret. ‘* Whole New England coast.”’
Rhizoclonium riparium, Roth. ‘ Probably common all along the coast.”’
Rhizoclonium tortuosum, Kutz. ‘‘Common all along the New England coast.”’
Bryopsis plumosa, Lamx. ‘ Not uncommon all along our east- arn coast.”’
Desmarestia viridis, Lamx. ‘* Common on stones.”’
Sphacelari&: cirrhosa, Roth. ** Common on Fucus.”’
Myrionema vulgare, Thur. “* Everywhere common.”’
Asperococcus echinatus, Grev. ‘‘Common along the whole coast.”’
Porphyra leucosticta. ‘‘ Probably occurs in New England.”
Ceramium strictum, (Kutz.) Harv. ‘‘ From New York to Cape Cod.’
Rhabdonia tenera, Ag. ‘‘ Common from Cape Cod southward.”
Gelidium crinale, J. Ag. ‘‘ Common in all seas.”’
Polysiphonia urceolata, Grev. “« New Jersey northward.”
Melobesia farinosa, Lamx. ‘ Probably occurs throughout our limits.”’
102 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
[FRESH WATER ALG. |] SuB-OrpER RHODOPHYCEZ.
Batrachospermacee. BATRACHOSPERMOUM, Roth. moniliforme, Roth. Common. No. 79. var. pulcherrimum, Bory. Quidnessett, &c. B. pulcherrimum, Hass. Alg. Rhod. No. 78. vagum, Ag. Davisville.
Sus-OrpER CHLOROPHYCEZ. Coleochetacee.
COLHOCH ATH, Breb.
1. soluta, Pringsh. Quidnessett. 2. scutata, Breb. E. Greenwich. 3. orbicularis, Pringsh. E. Greenwich, Spectacle Pond. Oedogoniacee. OEHEDOGONIUM, Lk. 1. vernale, (Hass.) Wittr. Providence, Mr. Lathrop, Olney. Veseculifera Candollei, Hass. Alg. Rhod. No. 106. 2. crispum, (Hass.) Wittr., var. rostellatum, Pringsh. Proy- idence. 3. paludosum, (Hass.) Wittr. Providence. 4. crassum, (Hass.) Wittr. Mr. Lathrop, Providence: 5. decipiens, Wittr. Providence, Olney. Veseculifera, cequalis, Hass. Alg. Rhod. No. 104. 6. gracillimum, Wittr. & Lund. Providence. 7. Lundense, Wittr. Providence. 8. concatenatum, (Hass.) Wittr. Providence, Olney. Veseculifera, Hass. Alg. Rhod. No. 103. 9. capillare, (L.) Kg. Roger Williams Park. BULBOCHATEH,* Ag. 1. setigera, (Roth.) Ag. Everywhere common. 2. nana, Witt. Mashapaug and Spectacle Ponds. 3. pygmea, (Pringsh.) Wittr. Geneva Pond. 4. subsimplex, Wittr. E. Greenwich. 5. rectangularis, Witt. Geneva Pond. Spheropleacee. CYLINDROCAPSA, Reinisch. geminella, Wolle. Providence, &c. Confervacee. DRAPARNALDIA, Ag. 1. glomerata, Ag., & vars. Common. No. 81. 2. plumosa, Ag. Turns up occasionally.
*It is impossible to determine “ B. Thwaitesii. Olney n.s. Providence.” Alg.
Rhod. No.107. No drawing or description to be found.
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PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 103
STIGHOCLONIUM, kg.
tenue, Kg,. a. genuinum, Kirch. ’ §. minutum, Kg. Alg. Rhod. No. 82.
var. lubricum, Rab. Meshanticut.
nanum, (Dillw.) Kg. Quidnessett.
flagelliferum, Kg. Geneva.
fastigiatum, Kg. Providence.
longipilum, Kg. Woonasquatucket. CHATOPHORA, Schrank.
elegans, Ag. Not rare.
endiveefolia, Ag. Providence, &c. No. 80. var. linearis, Rab. var. ramosissima, Rab. Geneva Brook.
longipila, Kg. Geneva.
APHANOCH ATH, A. Br. globosa, (Nord.) Wolle. Quidnessett, &c.
CHROOLEPUS, Ag.
aureus, (L.) Kg. Uncommon. CLADOPHORA,* Kutz. glomerata, Kg., & vars. Common. eegagropila, (L.) Kg. Providence. ULOTHRIX, Kutz.
zonata, (W. & M.) Aresch. Common. Spheroplea virescens, Berk. Alg. Rhod. No. 109.
zequalis, Kg. Common. Spherophea punctalis, Berk. Alg. Rhod. No. 110.
Providence, &c. Providence, &c.
tenuis, Kg. subtilis, Kg., var. typica.
22S tA ae
rivularis, Kg. Quidnessett. compacta, Kg. Providence. muralis, (Ag.) Kg. Providence. nitens, Menegh. Common. varia, Kg. Common. parietina, (Vauch.) Kg. Common. CONFERVA4A, Link. amoena, Kg. Common. floccosa, Ag. Davisville, &c. fontinalis, Berk. Common. affinis, Kg. Common. vulgaris, Rab. Common.
var. Farlowli, Wolle.
* See also under Marine Alga, p. 95.
Geneva Pond.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
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Se? &
bombycina, Ag. Very common. Veseculifera, —, Hass. Alg. Rhod. No. 105.
punctalis, Dillw. Common. abbreviata, Rab.
tenerrima, Kg. Davyisville, &c.
RHIZOZLONIUM, Kg. fontinale, Kg. Quidnessett, &c. fluitans, Kg. Providence, &c. Vaucheriacee.
VAUCHERIA, D.C.
Thuretii, Woron. | velutina, Ag. Prof. J. W. Bailey.
Botrydiacee.
BOTRYDIUM, L. granulatum,L. Newport, (J. W. Bailey, sub, Hydrogastro.)
Volvocacee. VOLVOX, Ebrh. globator, L. Very common in ponds, &c. PANDORINA, Ehbrh. morum, Bory. Common. HUGLENIA, Ehrh. viridis, Ehrh. Quidnessett, &e. CHLAMYDOCOCCUS, A. Br. pluvialis, A. Br. Providence, &c. Protococcacee.
PHDIASTRUM, Meyen. simplex, Meyen, var. duodenarius, (Bail.) | Providence.
ellipticum, Hass. Prof. J. W. Bailey. No. 165. angulosum, (Ehrh.) Menegh. Providence, &c. forcipatum, (Corda.) A. Br. Spectacle Pond.
Boryanum, (Turpin,) Menegh. Very common. No. 164. pertusum, Kg. Spectacle Pond, Providence, Mr. Lathrop.
var. Clathratum, A. B. More common. Ehrenbergii, (Corda,) A. Br. Quite common. var. cuspidatum, A. Br. Spectacle Pond. var. ? J. W. Bailey.
P. heptactis, Ralfs. Alg. Rhod. No. 163. tetras, Ehrh. Common. Selinzea, Kg. Prof. J. W. Bailey. Desm. U.S. p. 155.
constrictum, Hass. Prof. J. W. Bailey. Desm. U.S. p. 155.
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PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 105
COELASTROUM, Naegr.
microsporum, Naegr. Common. SORASTROUM, Kg. spinulosum, Kg. Common. SCENEDESMUS, Meyen. caudatus, Corda, var. typicus, Kirch. Everywhere. S. quadricauda, Breb. Alg. Rhod. No. 166. dimorphus, Kg. Not uncommon. acutus, Meyen. Quite common. obtusus, Meyen. Quite common. No. 167. rotundatus, Wood. Providence. OPHIOCYTIUM, Naegr. cochleare, A. Br. Very common. capitatum, Wolle. Brook at Davisville. parvulum, (Berty,) A. Br. circinatum, Wolle. Quite common. cuspidatum, (Bailey,) Rab. Not common.
Closterium, —, Bailey. Alg. Rhod. No. 161. CHARACIUM, A. Br.
ambiguum, Herm. Spectacle Pond.
Neegelii, A. Br. Not uncommon.
heteromorphum, Reinsch. Pocasset. PROTOCOCCUOUS, Ag.
viridis, Ag. Everywhere.
var. angulosa, (Menegh.) Common.
var. dissectus, (Naegr.) Common.
var. Miniatus, (Naegr.) Common,
var. infusionum, (Rab.) Common.
var. botryoides, (Rab.) R. W. Park.
var. gigas, (Kg.) Quidnessett, &c.
var. Wimmeri, (Rab.) Spectacle Pond.
var. vestitus, (Reinsch.) Pocasset, &c. POLYEDRIUM, Naegr.
trigonum, Naegr., var. bifurcatum, Wille. Davisville.
gigas, Wittr. Pocasset Pond.
minimum, A. Br. Spectacle Pond, &e.
longispinum, (Pertz.) Rab. Quidnessett.
Palmellacee.
DICTYOSPHARIUM, Naegr. reniforme, Bulnh. ‘‘ Ponds now and then,” rarely plentiful.
106 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
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PALMODACTYLON, Naegr.
varium, Naegr. Appears frequently. THTRASPORA, Ag.
lubrica, (Roth.) Ag. Providence. No. 77.
var. lacunosa, (Chaud.) Providence, &c.
T. lacunosa, Chauv. Alg. Rhod. No. 76. PALMELLA, Lyngb.
hyalina, Breb. Common.
Mooreana, Harv. Common.
uveformis, Kg. Geneva, &c. PORPHYRIDIUM, Naegr.
cruentum, Naegr. Very common.
GLOEOCYSTIS, Naegr.
ampla, Kg. Quidnessett, &c. NEPHROCYTIUM, Naegr. Agaradhianum, Naegr. Common. Neegelii, A. Br. Woonasquatucket, &ce. RHAPHIDIUM, kg. polymorphum, Fres, var. aciculare, A. Br. Common. var. Sigmoideum, Rab. Common. var. falcatum, (Corda,) Rab. Common.
var. contortum, (Thur.) Wolle. Common. DIMORPHOCOCCUS, A. Br.
cordatus, Wolle. Common. HREMOSPHARIA, D. By. viridis, D. By. Stepping Stones, Cat Swamp, Chytridiee. CHYTRIDIUM, A. Br. minus, La Cost & Suring. Common but not plentiful. globosum, A. Br. Roger Williams Park. OLPIDIUM, A. Br. ampullaceum, A. Br. Pocasset. Conjugate. SPIROGY RA, LK. tenuissima, (Hass.) Kg. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. quadrata, (Hass.) Petit. Spectacle Pond, Providence, Mr. Lathrop.
calospora, Cleve. Providence,
10. ii
oe
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 107
varians, (Hass.) Kg. Roger Williams Park, &c. quinina, (Ag.) Common. communis, (Hass.) Kg. Providence, &e.
Zygnema cateneforme, Hass. Alg. Rhod. No. 95. longata, (Vauch.) Kg., & vars. Zygnema malformatum, Hass. Alg. Rhod. No. 94, in part. nitida, (Dillw.) Link. Geneva Pond. setiformis, (Roth.) Kg. Common in ponds; Providence, Mr. Lathrop. :
adnata, Kg. Providence, Mr, Lathrop. rivularis, Rab. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. ZYGNEMA, Ktz. leiospermum, D. By. Geneva Pond. insigne, Kg. Providence. Tyndaridea, —, Hass. Alg. Rhod. No. 100. stellium, Ag. Common. var. genuinum, Kirch. Common. var. Vaucheria, Ag. Providence. - Tyndaridea btcornis? Hass. Alg. Rhod. No. 99. var. stagnale, Ky. Common. anomalum, (Hass.) Kg. Quidnesset, &c.
var. crassum, Wolle. With the typical form. ZYGOGONIUM, kg.
pectinatum, Kg. Quidnessett, &c. decussatum, (Vauch.) Kg. Davisville Brook, &c. MESOCARPUS, Hass. : parvulus, (Hass.) D. By. Providence, &c. No. 101. radicans, Kg. Blackamore Pond, &ce.
nummuloides, Hass. Providence, Mr. Lathrop; Pocas- set, &c.
PLEUROCARPUS, A. Br.
mirabilis, A. Br. Common. STAUROSPERMUDUM, Eg. capucinum, Kg. Providence, &c, viride, Kg. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. Desmidiee. HYALOTHECA, Ebrh. desiliens, (Sm.) Breb. Common. No. 114. var. hians. Quidnessett, &c. mucosa, (Mert.) Ralfs. Spectacle Pond, &c. No. 115. dubia, Kg. Mashapaug. BAMBUSINA, Ktz. Brebissonii, Kg. Common.
Didymoprium Borreri, Ktz. Alg. Rhod. No. 117.
108 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
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DESMIDIUM, Ag.
cylindricum, Grev. Common. Didymoprium Grevillei, Ktz. Alg. Rhod. No. 116. Swartzii, Ag. Common. No. 118.
Baileyi, (Ralfs.) Aptogonium Baileyi, Ralfs. Alg. Rhod. No. 119.
Aptogonium, Breb. Quidnesset. SPH Z ROZOSMA, Corda.
pulchrum, Bailey. Davisville.
var. planum. Davisville.
var. inflatum. Davisville. filiforme, Rab. Spectacle Pond. excavatum, Ralfs. Spectacle Pond. serratum, Bailey. Spectacle Pond, &e. pulchellum, (Arch.) var. bambusioides, Rab. Quite
common,
MESOTANIUM, Naegr.
Endlicherianum, Naegr. Providence, &c. SPIROT ANIA, Breb.
condensata, Breb. Providence, Mr. Lathrop,
obscura, Ralf. Common.
PENIUM, Breb. Digitus, (Ehrh.) Breb. Roger Williams Park, &c. No. 151.
margaritaceum, Breb. Common. No. 150. interruptum, Breb. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. closterioides, Ralfs. Spectacle Pond, &e. truncatum, Ralfs. Davisville. minutum, Cleve. Woonasquatucket. polymorphum, Perty. Pocasset. Brebissonii, (Menegh.) Ralfs. Quidnessett. Navicula, Breb. Common. CLOSTERIUM, Nitsch. juncidum, (Ralfs.) Common. macilentum, Breb. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. gracile, Breb. Providence, &c. lanceolatum, Kg.* Common. didymotocum, Corda. Providence, &e. subtile, Breb. Quidnessett. angustatum, (Kg.) Davisville, &c. Lunula, (Ehrb.) Providence, Mr. Lathrop ; Spectacle Pond. No. 158. var. striatum. Providence, &c.
* A very broad form is found in Blackamore Pond.
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PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 109
Cucumis, Ehrh. Common. acerosum, (Schrank). Pocasset, Spectecle Pond, &c. ensis, Delpont. Providence. turgidum, Ehrh. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. strigosum, Ehrh. Common. striolatum, Ebrh. Common. No. 160. costatum, Corda. Providence, &c. lineatum, Ebrh. Spectacle Pond, &c. areolatum, Wood. Rare, Spectacle Pond. Diane, Ebrh. Quidnessett, &c. acuminatum, Kg., var. minor. Providence. Jenneri, Ralfs. Common. Venus, Kg. Blackamore and Spectacle Ponds. parvulum, Naegr. Common. moniliferum, Ehrh. Spectacle Pond, &c. No. 159.
Leiblinii, Kg. Providence, Mr. Lathrop ; Quidnessett, &c.
rostratum, Ebrh. Scarce in Spectacle Pond; Providence, Mr. Lathrop.
Kuetzingii, Breb. Davisville; Providence, Mr. Lathrop.
setaceum, Ehrh. Providence, &c.
DOCIDIUM, Breb. crenulatum, (Ehrh.) Lonsdale Pond. D. nodulosum, Ralfs. Alg. Rhod. No. 152. Trabecula, (Ehrh.) Naegr. Providence, &c. truncatum, Breb. Providence, Quidnessett. Baculum, (Breb.) D. By. Common. No. 53. coronatum, Rab. Among Charas in Spectacle Pond. constrictum, Bailey. Worden’s Pond; Prof. J. W. Bailey. No. 155. nodosum, Bailey. Prof. J. W. Bailey. No. 154. verrucosum, (Bailey,) Ralfs. Prof. J. W. Bailey. No. 156. dilatatum, (Cleve.) Lund. Providence. minutum, Ralfs. Providence. verticillatum, Bailey. Worden’s Pond, Prof. J. W. Bailey, Providence, &c. No. 157. gracile, Bailey. rectum, Delp. Providence. Archeri, Delp. Spectacle Pond. CALOCYLINDNRUS, D. By.
Cucurbita, (Breb.) Kirch. Providence.
Cosmarium, —, Ralfs. Alg. Rhod. No. 140. curtus, (Breb.) Kirch. Spectacle Pond.
*var, ? Blackamore Pond.
Providence, &c.
* This form is quite narrow, but of equal length with type.
110 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
3. connatus, (Breb.) Kirch. Providence. Cosmarium, —, Breb. Alg. Rhod. No. 189. 4. pseudo-connatus, Nord. Quidnessett. COSMARIUM, Corda.
1. ovale, Ralfs. Common. 2. Cucumis, Corda. Providence, Mr. Lathrop ; Quidnessett. 3. constrictum, Delp. Providence. 4. Scenedesmus, Delp. Common. 5. quadratum, Ralfs. Davisville, &c. 6. granatum, Breb. Spectacle Pond, &c. 7. moniliforme, Ralfs. Neutakonkanut. 8. globosum, Bulnh. Spectacle Pond, &c. 9. bioculatum, Breb. Common. No. 134. 10. tinctum, Ralfs. Davisville, &c. 11. nitidulum, DeNot. Quidnessett, &c. 12. contractum, Kirch. Providence, Mr. Lathrop ; Quidnessett. 13. sexangulare, Lund. Neutakonkanut. 14. depressum, (Naegr.) Lund. Same locality. 15. Meneghini, Breb. Quidnessett, Providence, &c. No. 135. 16. polygonum, Naegr. Common, but not plentiful. 17. notabile, Breb. Quidnessett. 18. undulatum, Corda. Quidnessett, &c. var. crenulatum. Spectacle Pond, &ce.
19. crenatum, Ralfs. Providence. No. 136. 20. Negelianum, Breb. Providence. 21. venustum, Rab. Spectacle Pond, &c. 22, pyramidatum, Breb. Quidnessett, &c. 23. pseudo-pyramidatum, Lund. Common. 24. Ralfsii, Breb. Geneva Pond. 25. galeritum, Nord. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. 26. triplicatum, Wolle. Davisville. 27. margaritiferum, Menegh. Common. 28. Botrytis, Menegh. Common. 29. Brebissonii, Menegh. Quidnessett, &e. 30. conspersum, Ralfs. Auburn. 31. tetraophthalmum, (Kg.) Breb. Quidnessett, &c. 32. intermedium, Delp. Specracle Pond, &c. 338. Mmicrosphinctum, Nord. Neutakonkanut, &e. 34. sphalerostichum, Nord. Same locality. 35. Portianum, Archer. Very common, 36. orbiculatum, Ralfs. Spectacle Pond, &c.
37. excavatum, Nord. Providence, Mr. Lathrop ; Quidnessett,
* There being no drawing, description or specimen extant, it cannot be deter- mined what is, ‘“‘C. granditubercuiatum, Olney, n. sp.,” Alg. Rhod., No. 141.
38.
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Sh Pe pas PETS
Or
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 111
amoenum, Breb. Common. var. tumidum, Wolle. Providence, &c. No. 137. var. turgidum. Neutakonkanut, &c. Hammeri, Reinsch. Auburn. sublobatum, Archer. Providence, Mr. Lathrop ; Lonsdale
Pond.
cruciatum, Breb. Providence, Mr. Lathrop ; Davisville. Phaseolus, Breb. Quidnessett. Schliephackianum, Grun. Neutakonkanut. ornatum, Ralfs. Spectacle Pond, &c. No. 138.
var. minor, Duck Pond, Elmwood. commisurale, Breb. Providence. subcrenatum, Hantsch. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. Quasillus, Lund. Providence. Broomei, Thwaiter. Quidnessett. celatum, Ralfs. Common. pseudo-pectinoides, Wolle. Providence.
THETMEMORUS, Ralfs. levis, (Kg.) Ralfs. Davisville, &c. granulatus, Ralfs. Providence. No. 149. Brebissonii, (Menegh.) Ralfs. Providence. No. 148.
XANTHIDIUM, Ebrb.
armatum, (Breb.) Ralfs. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. cristatum, (Breb.) Ralfs. Neutakonkanut, &c, asteptum, Nord. Quidnessett. fasciculatum, (Ehrb.) Ralfs. Prof. J. W. Bailey. antilopzeum, (Breb.) Kg. Common.
var. polymazum, Nord. Quidnessett, &c.
ARTHRODESMUS, Ehrb.
convergens, (Ehrb.) Ralfs. Providence, &c. ovalis, Wolle. Neutakonkanut. subulatus, Kg. Providence, &c. Incus, (Ehrb.) Hass. Common. octocornis, (Ehrb.) Hass. Common. EUASTRUM, Ebrb.
crassum, (Breb.) Kg. Spectacle Pond, &c. No. 129. oblongum, (Grev.) Ralfs. Quidnessett, &c. No. 128. ansatum, Ralfs. Providence. No. 130.
var. major. Providence. pinnatum, Ralfs. Spectacle Pond, &c.
didelta, (Turp.) Ralfs. Spectacle Pond, &c.
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or :
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
ampullaceum, Ralfs. Providence, Mr. Lathrop.
affine, Ralfs. Blackamore Pond, &c. verrucosum, (Ehrb.) Ralfs. Prof. J. W. Bailey. circulare, (Hass.) Ralfs. Spectacle Pond, &c. gemmatum, (Breb.) Spectacle Pond, &c. insigne, Hass. Prof. J. W. Bailey. Pokornyanum, Grun. Neutakonkanut. inerme, Lund. Common. cuspidatum, Wolle. Providence, Davisville, Woonasqua- tucket. Nordstedtianum, Wolle. Neutakonkanut. elegans, Kg. Providence, Mr. Lathrop; Neutakonkanut. No. 131. spinosum, Ralfs. Providence. simplex, Wolle. Providence, &c. binale, (Turp.) Ralfs. Providence. No. 182. MICRASTERIAS, Ag. radiosa, (Ag.) Ralfs. Common. No. 121. papillifera, Breb. Providence. rotata, (Grev.) Ralfs. Spectacle Pond. No. 120. denticulata, (Breb.) Ralfs. Neutakonkanut. fimbriata, (Breb.) Ralfs. Common. furcata, (Ag.) Ralfs. Common. No. 123. Crux Melitensis, Ehrb. Quidnessett, &c. No. 124. Americana, (Ehrb.) Kg. Providence, &c. truncata, (Corda.) Ralfs. Common. No. 125. laticeps, Nord. Spectacle Pond, &c. oscitans, Ralfs. Prof. J. W. Bailey ; Auburn, &c. pinnatifida, (Kg.) Ralfs. Auburn. arcuata, Bailey. Providence. expansa, Bailey. Providence. Baileyi, Ralfs. ‘* Rhode Island, Bailey.’’ No. 127. foliacea, Bailey. Worden’s Pond, Prof. J. W. Bailey.
No. 126.
muricata, Bailey. Spectacle Pond, &c. STAURASTROUM, Meyen. muticum, Breb., var. minor. Spectacle Pond, &c. orbiculare, (Ehrb.) Ralfs. ‘‘Providence.’’ No. 142. tumidum, Breb. Spectacle Pond. dejectum, Breb. var. mucronatum, Ralfs. Spectacle Pond. var. convergens, Wolle. Common. brevispina, Breb. Spectacle Pond.
var. inerme, Wille. Spectacle Pond, &c.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
113
aristiferum, Ralfs. Avicula, Breb.
Bieneanum, Rab., var. ellipticum, Wille.
margaritaceum, Ehrb. crenatum, Bailey. polymorphum, Breb. crenulatum, (Naegr.) Delp. muricatum, Breb. Ponds.
asperum, Breb. rugulosum, Breb. punctulatum, Breb.
pygmzeum, Breb. f. truncatum, Wolle.
alternans, Breb. cyrtocerum, Breb. paradoxum, Meyen. arachne, Ralfs. scabrum, Breb. incisum, Wolle. cerastes, Lund. gracile, Ralfs. No. 145.
Ophiura, Lund.
** Rhode Island, Bailey.’’
Neutakonkanut, &c. Common. Providence. Common. R. W. Park. Spectacle Pond. Common.
Benedict, Spectacle and Mashapaug
In same localities. Common.
Providence, Mr. Lathrop. Common. Common. Common. No. 147. Quidnessett, &c. Common.
Lonsdale Pond. Quidnessett. Spectacle Pond.
Providence, Mr. Lathrop ; Spectacle Pond.
Common.
var. tetracerum, Wolle.
S. tetracerum, Ralfs. macrocerum, Wolle. Rotula, Nord. leptocladum, Nord. grallatorium, Nord. iotanum, Wolle. vestitum, Ralfs. teliferum, Ralfs. echinatum, Breb. hirsutum, (Ehrb.) Breb. Hystrix, Ralfs. furcigerum, Breb. eustephanum, (Ehrb.) Ralfs. spongiosum, Breb. arctison, Ehrb. enorme, Ralfs.
8
Alg. Rhod. No. 146.
Spectacle Pond. Neutakonkanut. Providence.
Common.
Davisville Brook, &c. Common.
Providence.
Providence.
Providence, &c. No. 148. Providence, &c. No. 144. Quidnessett.
Apponaug, &c.
Common. Neutakonkanut. Providence.
114 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
—_
Se SS
Sus-OrpDER CYANOYHPYCE.
Nostocacee. MASTIGONEMA, (Fisher,) Kirch. eeruginosum, (Kg.) Kirch. Easton’s Pond, Newport, &c.
GLOEOTRICHIA, Ag.
natans, Thur. Prof. J. W. Baiiey, sub Rivulariad angulosa, Roth.
RIVULARIA, Kg.
dura, Kg. Not uncommon. SCYTONEMA, Ag.
natans, Breb. Quidnessett, &c.
gracile, Kg. N. Providence.
TORY POTHRI2A: Bs distorta, Kg. Worden’s Pond, Prof. J. W. Bailey. No. 111.
SIROSIPHON, Kg.
pulvinatus, Breb. Pocasset Brook. ocellatus, Kg. Quidnessett. HAPALOSIPHON, Naegr. fuscescens, Kg. Spectacle Pond. tenuissimus, Grun. Blackamore Pond. NOSTOC, Vauch. commune, Vauch. Common. spheericum, Vauch. Providence. rupestre, Kg. Providence. ANABANA, Bory. flos-aque, Kg. Very common. gigantea, Wood. Providence, Mr. Lathrop ; R. W. Park. oscillarioides, Bory. Roger Williams Park. SPHAROZYGA, (Ag.) Ralfs. polysperma, Kg. Spectacle Pond, &e, LYNGBYA,* Ag. et Thuret. obscura, Kg. Pocasset. vulgaris, (Kg.) Kirch. Very common. Retzii, (Ag.) Kg. Geneva. interrupta, (Kg.) Neutakonkanut. inundata, (Kg.) Geneva. W ollei, Farlow. Providence, &c.
* See also under Marine Alga, p. 94.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 115
MICROCOLEUS, Desm. et Thuret.
1. terrestris, Desm. Common. 2. anguiformis, Harv. Geneva. 3. hyalinus, (Kg.) Kirch. Davisville. OSCILLARIA, Bosc. 1, subtilissima, Kg. Common. 2. detersa, Stiz. Roger Williams Park. 3. antliaria, Juerg. Common. 4, leptotrichia, Kg. Providence. 5. violacea, Wallr. Common. 6. tenuis, Ag. Providence, Mr. Lathrop. 7. nigra, Vauch. Common, 8. princeps, Vauch. Common. LEPTOTHRIX, Kg. 1. tenax, Wolle. Common. 2. ceespitosa, Kg. Common. 3. rigidula, Kg. Spectacle Pond. 4. bullosa, Wolle. Quidnessett. 5. ochracea, Kg. Very common. ASTEHROTHRIX, Kg. Creginii, Wolle. (?) Pocasset.
(This plant accords with Mr. Wolle’s description and figure, but had not the least tinge of color.)
SPIRULINA, Lk.
Jenneri, Kg. Quidnessett, rare. Chroococcacee. MERISMOPEDIA, Meyen.
1. glauca, Naegr. Common; Providence, Mr. Lathrop. 2. convoluta, Breb. Common.
CA LOSPHERIUM, Naegr. Kuetzingianum, Naegr. Common; Providence, Mr. Lathrop.
CLATHROCYSTIS, Henfr. zeruginosa, Henfr. Common, at times abundant. GOMPHOSPHARIA, Kg. aponina, Kg. Providence, &c.
APHANOCAPSA, Naegr. Grevillei, (Hass.) Rab. Benedict and other ponds.
Lop PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
el apie ec Je ie oe
CHROOCOCCUS, Naegr. turgidus, Naegr. Common.
Diatomacee.*
EPITHEMIA, Kutz.
gibba, Kutz. Providence. constricta, W. S. Rocky Point, 8. A. Briggs. Westermanni, Kutz. Newport, S. A. Briggs. turgida, Kutz. Providence, &c. granulata, Ehrb. Providence, &c. Sorex, Kutz. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs.
EUNOTHA, Ebrb.
tetraodon, Ehrb. Providence; Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. No. 168. Diadema, Ehrb. ‘‘Providence.’”’ No. 169.
HIMANTIDIUM, Ehrb.
pectinale, Kutz. Providence, Olney ; Rocky Point, Briggs; No. 170. arcus, Ehrb. Providence, Olney. No. 171.
MERIDION, (Leibl.)
constrictum, Ralfs. Providence, Olney; Rocky Point, Briggs. No. 172.
circulare, Ag. Common, LICMOPHORA, Ag. flabellata, Grev. : Providence. Pappeana, Grev. Newport, S. A. Briggs. FRAGILARIA, (Lyngb.) capucina, Kutz. Common. No. 174. virescens, Ralfs. Common. No. 176. pectinalis, Ehrb. Common. No. 175. ASTERIONELLA, Hass. formosa, Hass. Very common in Pawtuxet water. Ralfsii, Sm. ? Meshanticut river. NITZSCHIA, (Hass.) Smith. Amphioxys, Ehrb. Providence. CHERATONEIS, Ehrb. longissima, Breb. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. linearis, Ehrb. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs.
*Diatoms follow naturally Desmids, but are removed in this list for conve-
nience of reference to Mr. Wolle’s manuals on Desmids and F. W. Alge.
="
ae
a
PONS oR Op
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 117
BACILLARIA, Gmel. paradoxa, Gmelin. Newportand Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs.
cursoria, Dorkin. Newport, S. A. Briggs. SYNEDRA, Ehrb. lunaris, Ehrb. Providence. pulchella, Kutz. Providence. gracilis, Kutz. Mark Rock, S. A. Briggs. undulata, Bailey. Newport, S. A. Briggs. Ulna, Ehrb. Common. No. 177. splendens, Kutz. Providence. Gallioni, Ehrb. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. tabulata, Kutz. Newport, S. A. Briggs. fulgens, W. S. Newport, S. A. Briggs. crystallina, Kutz. Rocky Point, Newport, Briggs. CYMATOPLEURA, Smith. solea, Breb. Providence. elliptica, Breb. Providence. SURIRELLA, (Turp.) biseriata, Breb. Common. No. 178. splendens, Kutz. Providence. CAMPYLODISCUS, Ehrb. simulans, Greg. Newport, S. A. Briggs. STRIATELLA, Ag. unipunctata, Ag. Newport, S. A. Briggs. RHABDONEMA, Kutz. arcuatum, Kutz. Newport, S. A. Briggs. Adriaticum, Kutz. Newport, S. A. Briggs.
TABELLARIA,* Ehrb. flocculosa, Roth. Rocky Point, 8. A. Briggs ; Quidnesset. No. 179.
fenestrata, Lyngb. Common. GRAMMATOPHORA, Ehrb. marina, Kutz. Newport, S. A. Briggs.
islandica, Grev. Rocky Point, 8S. A. Briggs ; Providence, &c.
PODOSIRA, Ebrb. hormoides, Kutz. Newport, S. A. Briggs.
*T. Thwaitesii, Olney, n. sp. allied to T. flocculosa, Providence,” Alg. Rhod.
No. 180, is not known by any drawing or description.
118 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
-
_ .
MELOSIRBRA, Ag. nummuloides, Dillw. Newport, S. A. Briggs; common
elsewhere. moniliformis, Ag. Mark Rock, S. A. Briggs. sulcata, Ehrb. Newport, S. A. Briggs. granulata, Ehrb. Newport, S. A. Briggs. STEHEPHANODISCUS, Ebrb. , Sp. Eaton Farm (fossil), Mr. Carr. STHPHANOPYXIS, Ehrb. ferax, Grev. Newport, S. A. Briggs. COSCINODISCUS, Ehrb. lineatus, Ehrb. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. ACTINOPTYCHUS, Ehrb. undulatus, Ehrb. Newport, S. A. Briggs. BIDDULPHIA, Gray. pulchella, Gray. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs, J. L. B. ISTHMIA, Ag. nervosa, Kutz. Newport, &c. CHATOCEROS, Ebrb. n. sp., Briggs. . Newport, S. A. Briggs. SYNDENDRIUM, Ebrb. Diadema, Ehrb. Newport, S. A. Briggs. . COCCONEIS, Ehbrb. dirupta, Greg. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. scutellum, Ehrb. Newport, S. A. Briggs. ACHNANTHES, Bory. longipes, Ag. Newport, S. A. Briggs. brevipes, Ag. Rocky Point, Newport, &c., S. A. Briggs. subsessilis, Kutz. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. CYMBELLA, (Ag.) Kutz. gastroides, (Kutz.) Providence, &c. COCCONEMA, Ehbrb. lanceolatum, Ehrb. Providence, Olney. No. 181.
cymbiforme, Ehrb. Providence, Olney. No. 182.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 119
go bo
P-sT Hie ee eer
AMPHORA, Ehrb.
leevissima, Grev. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs.
robusta, Greg. Rocky Point, 8S. A. Briggs.
affinis, Kutz. Rocky Point and Newport, S. A. Briggs.
ovata, Kutz. Providence, &c. SPHENELLA, Ag.
rostellata, Kutz. Providence, S. T. Olney. No. 183.
GOMPHONEMA, Ag.
coronatum, Ehrb. Providence, &c. constrictum, Ehrb. Providence, Olney. No. 184. capitatum, Ag. Providence. marinum, W. S. Newport, S. A. Briggs ; Providence. dichotomum, Kutz. Providence. truncatum, Ehrb. Providence. No. 185. minutum, Ag. Providence. No. 186. gemmatum, Ag. Providence.
NAVICULA, (Bory,) Rab.
Americana, Ehrb. Rocky Point, S.A. Briggs ; Providence.
didyma, Ehrb. Mark Rock, S. A. Briggs. Silicula, Ehrb. Quidnessett. mesolepta, Ehrb. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. major, Rab. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs ; Providence, &c. gibba, Ehrb. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs.
var. gracilis. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. amphisbena, Bory. Providence. Lyra, Ehrb. Newport, S. A. Briggs. Tabellaria, Ehrb. Providence, Rocky Point, Briggs. exilis, Kutz. Providence. affinis, Ehrb. Quidnessett. radiosa, Kutz. Providence, Rocky Point, 8. A. Briggs. gracilis, Ehrb. Providence, Olney. No. 187. peregrina, Ehrb. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. Viridis, Nitzsch. Providence, Olney. No. 188.
STAURONEIS, (Ehrb.) Kutz.
phyllodes, Ehrb. Providence.
phoenicenteron, Nitzsch. Providence, Olney ; Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. No. 189.
Baileyi, Ehrb. Quidnessett.
gracilis, Ehrb. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs.
aspera, —-. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs ; Providence.
120 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
PLEUROSIGMA, Smith.
1. Balticum, Sm. Newport, S. A. Briggs.
2. Nubecula, Sm. Newport, S. A. Briggs.
3. elongatum, Sm. Newport, S. A. Briggs.
4. strigosum, Sm. Newport, S. A. Briggs.
5. Spenceri, Sm. Providence.
6. acuminatum, Sm. Quidnessett.
MASTOGLOIA, Thwaites. Smithii, Thwaites. Rocky Point, S. A. Briggs. AMPHIPRORA, Ebrb.
ornata, Bail. Providence. DICTYOCHA, Ehbrb.
aculeata, Ehrb. Newport, S. A. Briggs. DISCOPLEA, —.
sinensis, —. Newport, S. A. Briggs.
DORYPHORA, Kutz. amphiceros, Kutz. Newport, S. A. Briggs.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 121
APPENDIX A.
ENUMERATION OF ORDERS, GENERA, SPECIES AND VARIETIES.
No.of Gen. No.ofSp. No.of Vare.
PeeenNCUmIACOs: .... ...........- 9 28 MeeMOMAGED..................-: 1 1 BP RGINGACOGD. |. ........-66+5-0. 3 3 $f PIVeONEACEE.....:......----:- 3 3 2 Sarraceniacez................. 1 1 Pepeveraces.............:..5.. 3 3 rr 3 3 mi NI 2 Us oa bia Sob ase SOs 15 29 1 ee 1 1 ESRI Salat ie a ne en 1 12 2 AE ES ae ee aa 3 7 2 RIES Soci sae. oe he ace 1 2 MEWOSOTIGACOrD..........--.-2+.24: 2 8 1 DERI ho at 1 1 Caryophyllacez................ 11 27 a 2 2 SS eee eee 3 8 A es ee 1 1 MR So 1 4 SS en 4 10 OE eee EN 1 1 EMIEICATOIACESO...........0.0506: 1 5 1 EEC TIS d een See cn 2 5 A “. 2 ae ea en 1 1 \? SS, ee 3 7 1 PMMMIMLOGHS.... 5s. - ceca cees 1 8 ett MIAIRINITIOBCS... 0. 5c vc ences es 18 50 1 aN occ cuil Se oh ON RIE CY. 11 41 8 DOREIEPA CACO. ... 2-5-6. 0esce ees 4 6 SS LE a es eee 2 3 Penmamelaces..........2...... i 1 5 a ee 3 ~ 3 IRI AN iG ed is eh 4 12 Melastomacee................. 1 1 MUIR RIADEIED) ois sow oS vic pac nts ach cvelc s 4 6 MURET IVIL. COGS. oo... osc ec ecee sas 2 2 |S RR RARER TS Fa a a 1 1 MR 60 Xe Ao tle Seon s 1 1 A) 9 19 27
122 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
No. of Gen. No.of Sp. No. of Vars.
EE Re EE EL 4 RED ed 1 5 Ree teGe Oe. aie ee eke: 2 8 Canritoliacess.;; eer. 6 15 is PENNE od ba On ees 4 12 1 ey cs IU she Rey ea 45 152 18 PRIOR oF So od ee 1 4 1 Campanulaceee................. 2 3 a PRCIGEE a ab Codie vee ee Nties 16 82 3 ATI OMACOR isihc eA 2 5 Pt Oe: Ma An A aN AR OR ge 1 1 Plantagcinacez.:.). fo.600 620001: 1 7 Plumbaginacee. 6.2.5 00..4.25: 1 1 Premvlecew 2 ES 6 10 1 Leni pimlaces: 62. os. e208: 1 11 Orobanchacee........ CKEY bh wu 3 3 Schrophulariaceez............. 14 35 W BPDOnACers. (2c) ees 2 4 RS 3 IAP Pe ERE Be rep fee 20 37 Borraminacesd.. 260.2) J.b03223. 8 12 MOMVOrv ilncere is Sthe 8 3 8 SG! ch oe a a ES 6 14 Goembisnancers. 2.5... 2.000505 5 7 Apocynacee.................. Nigel 2 ie Asclepiadaceze................. 1 8 1 Ceara EE 2k IES ed yt 2 5 Phytolaccaces............:.... 1 1 7 Chenopodiacee................ 6 15 2 Parany citer. oo 2 2 2 ASVBTATIIHOGS.: 5 66. S82 Ne 2 7 Polysonasces.:..:2. 0) 3.862552, 3 28 ETO 5 oo cate be fas. oe 2 2 TU TINGICACCH ni oe ee Des 1 1 Pancrase. ie ik if 1 a Ceratophyllacee............... 1 1 2 Podostemacee................. 1 1 he piprseelejy cil: 's), : isa ere 2 6 1 Ror ermabees 282s oe es ee 9 12 yc, i ar Oe 1 1 GUmIENdACEE. 6b. ee 2 8 M RP 6 fe ek vs Cates 6 14 5 MMIIEES 26 i c'ccuessnevesen ds 1 3 EL ea eo aE HS ree cos 2 7 EES OE De Org elegy 2 20 2 SNORE Soe cin ake s/s bale a elwtetels 7 11 PR Sa eae eg POR Ae oe ec hy pid 6 7
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 123
No. of Gen. No.of Sp. No.of Vars.
NEE SS a ai ae 1 2 meesrieCOm. 5.) 0ie.. foc. ee 2 4 Vs ROPE ep Pee ROT ree 5 20 3 INISLORIRAS 8 i cs. os ea es et 4 8 6 Hydrocharidacee...........-. 2 ie OE 12 30 1 Mmmaryllidacese..........2..%.- 1 1 Heemodoracee...........----- 2 2
0 SE ee 2 § MEIICOTORGCODD. ... 252 2-4-20555-- 1 1 r | RR ee eee 1 3 1 AIS SE ree me 14 25 1 MMMINIMECOGD... 2.050660 see ddbel be 2 16 5 Pontederiacez................ 1 1 ee 1 2 Eriocaulonacee............... 1 1 MPINCOS oii ois. 2 ese aes 12 131 18 re 48 126 7 MeISIEOLACOD........-.2-..----: 1 4 Me OS a a ia a 16 33 10 PeEOTOCINCOD. .......-........ 3 13 el RS ee 2 8
hs A ee ee 54 185 13 NIRS SEs aoc yd om 37 74 2 DE Ss, SS 41 151 45 CE ee ae ee 150 582 3 gh eS a a 190 19 53
TOTAL. Phanerogams. ..103 orders, 475 genera, 1,259 species, 101 varieties. Cryptogams.... 9 ‘ 494 ‘ 1,669 . 129 e 112 971 2,928 230
3,158 species and varieties. Twenty-two orders are each represented by one species.
251 genera of Phanerogams are represented by one species. 229 ‘* ‘* Cryptogams.
Where the typical form is not found with us, but is represented by a variety, I have esteemed that variety as aspecies in the above enumeration.
Of the 1,259 species of flowering plants, 200 species are Intro- duced.
124 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
APPENDIX B.
NATIVE TREES AND SHRUBS.
Liriodendron Tulipifera, L. Local. Berberis vulgaris, L. Tilia Americana, L. Zanthoxylum Americanum, Mill. Local. Rhus typhina, L.
glabra, L.
copallina, L.
venenata, D. C.
Toxicodendron, L.
var. radicans.
Vitis Labrusca, L.
zestivalis, Michx.
cordifolia, Michx.
riparia, Michx. Local. Ampelopsis quinquefolia, Michx. Rhamunus catharticus, L. Ceanothus Americanus, L. Celastrus scandens, L.
Staphylea trifolia, L. Local. Acer Pennsylvanicum, L. Northern part of State. spicatum, Lam. Rare and local.
saccharinum, Wang. var. nigrum.
rubrum, L. dasycarpum, Ehrh. Not common. Negundo aceroides, Moench. Prunus Americana, Marshall. Scarce. maritima, Wang. Common south of Providence. pumila, L.
Pennsylvanica, L. Virginica, L. serotina, Ehrh. Spiraea salicifolia, L. tomentosa, L. Rubus odoratus, L. Not common. strigosus, Michx. occidentalis, L. villosus, Ait. Canadensis, L. hispidus, L. Rosa Carolina, L. lucida, Ehrh.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND. 125
Cratzgus coccinea, L. tomentosa, L., var. pyrifolia, var. punctata. Crus-Galli, L. Pirus Americana, L. In northern part of State. arbutifolia, L., var. erythro carpa. var. melanocarpa. Amelanchier Canadensis, T. & G., var. Botryapium. var. oblongifolia. var. rotundifolia. Ribes oxycanthoides, L. floridum, L. Hamamelis Virginica, L. Nesza verticillata, H. B. K. Cornus florida, L. circinata, L’ Her. sericea, L. stolonifera, Michx. Not common. paniculata, L’ Her. alternifolia, L. Nyssa multifiora, Wang. Linnea borealis, Gronov. Rare. Sambucus Canadensis, L. racemosa, L. Diervilla trifida, Moench. Viburnum lantanoides, Michx. Northern part of State. acerifolium, L. dentatum, L. cassinoides, L. nudum, L. Lentago, L. Lonicera coerulea, L. oblongifolia, Muhl. sempervirens, Ait. glauca, Hill. Cephalanthus occidentalis, L. Mitchella repens, L. Gaylussacia dumosa, T. & G. Washington County. frondosa, T. & G. resinosa, T. & G. Vaccinium Oxycoccus, L. macrocarpon, Ait. Pennsylvanicum, Lam. vacillans, Solander. corymbosum, L. & vars. Chiogenes hispidula, T. & G. Rare and local.
126 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi, Spreng. Epigaea repens, L. Gaultheria procumbens, L. Leucothoe racemosa, Gray. Cassandra calyculata, Don. Andromeda mariana, L. ligustrina, Muhl. Clethra alnifolia, L. Kalmia latifolia, L. angustifolia, L. Rhododendron viscosum, Torr. nudifiorum, Torr. maximum, L. Washington County. Rhodora, (L.) Pyrola rotundifolia, L. elliptica, Nutt. chlorantha, Swartz. secunda, L. - Not common. Moneses unifiora, Salisb. * Rare and local. Chimaphila umbellata, Nutt. maculata, Pursh. Tlex opaca, Ait. Southern part of State. verticillata, Gray. levigata, Gray. glabra, Gray. Nemopanthes Canadensis, D. C. Diospyros Virginiana, L. Perhaps obliterate ? Fraxinus Americana, L. pubescens, Lam. viridis, Michx. f. sambucifolia, Lam. Sassafras officinale, Nees. Lindera Benzoin, Meisner. Dirca palustris, L. Quite local. Ulmus fulva, Mx. As yet only in East Providence. Americana, IL. Celtis occidentalis, L. Platanus occidentalis, L. Juglans cinerea, L. nigra, L. Whether introduced or native unknown. Carya alba, Nutt. microcarpa, Nutt. sulcata, Nutt. Scarce. tomentosa, Nutt. porcina, Nutt. amara, Nutt.
PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
Quercus alba, L.
obtusiloba, Michx. bicolor, Willd. Prinus, L.
var. monticola.
var. ? humilis. ilicifolia, Wang. coccinea, Wang.
var. tinctoria.
127
Local.
Local !
var. ambigua. Rather scarce.
rubra, L.
var. runcinata. Quidnessett. palustris, L. Washington County.
Castanea vesca, L., var. Americana, Mx. Fagus ferruginea, Ait. Corylus Americana, Walt. rostrata, Ait. Ostrya Virginica, Willd. Carpinus Americana, Michx. Myrica Gale, L. cerifera, L. Comptonia, C. DC. Betula lenta, L. lutea, Michx. f. alba, var. populifolia, Spach. papyracea, Ait. nigra, L. Alnus incana, Willd. serrulata, Ait. Populus tremuloides, Michx. grandidentata, Michx.
monilifera, Ait. Washington County.
balsamifera, var. candicans.
Salix tristis, Ait.
humilis, Marshall.
discolor, Muhl.
sericea, Marshall.
petiolaris, Sm.
cordata, Muhl.
livida, Wahl., var. occidentalis.
lucida, Muhl.
nigra, Marshall. & vars.
longifolia, Muhl.
Local.
Native ?
myrtilloides, L. Found so far in Johnston only.
Pinus rigida, Miller.
128 PLANTS OF RHODE ISLAND.
Pinus resinosa, Ait.
Strobus, L. Picea nigra, Lk. Not common. Tsuga Canadensis, (Michx.) Larix Americana, Mx. Certainly native in W. Greenwich !
Chameecyparis sphzeroidea, Spach. Juniperus communis, L. Virginiana, L. Sabina, L., var. procumbens. Local. Taxus baccata, L., var. Canadensis. Rare and local. Smilax rotundifolia, L., & var. glauca, Walt. To the south of Providence.
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