—~ at I BE. Ahan hina, ee tens a sagan Cocerven ene, cnr . Minet eran pireniey = Ne hy 8 Ce ay Oana an ree. . i Pasa pte \ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2009 with funding from University of Toronto http://www.archive.org/details/proceedingsO6dave _— NPORT Ac ADRRIY Wy | 1) “ivy. ; ee ; yee Lo ge 1 Sieh ‘on . : 4 som ovan 3 zz af h » ik a. : ‘ yi ; ay | tae a Pea eet * rt =f “gq m -, uy “as i ‘[ qs 4 ia ae: i 1 “4 a Lo-4. by @| v%.. . A ca’ ee Neal F a ip Re mee P es le . oth P ‘ ri ‘ha oa he hae PROCEEDINGS OF THE DAVENPORT ACADEMY Rew kU Ls SCIENCES. VOEUME VI. 1889-1897. DAVENPORT, IOWA: PUBLISHED FROM NCOME OF THE Putnam Memorial Fund. 1897. 613964 5 a ‘ PUBLICATION COMMITTEE —1897. f Mrs. MARY L. D. PUTNAM, Chairman. Pror. W. H. BARRIS. Dr Gar. PRESTON. Pror. SAMUEL CALVIN. Dr. JENNIE McCOWEN. f ‘The authors of the various papers are alone responsible for what is contained in th m The date of printing each form is given in the signature line. } oi y ' ba] ey ce ah * / cr EDWARD BORCHEROT, PRINTER. > 4 Geer ACGE. IN presenting this, the sixth volume of its PROCEEDINGS to the scientific public, the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences indulges the hope that it may be found to merit a reception no less favorable than that accorded to its predecessors. It is the expectation of the Academy to publish at shorter intervals in the future than in the past, meanwhile issuing important papers as heretofore in 6rochure form, as soon as possible after their reception. The recent endowment of the Publication Fund of the Academy by Mrs. Mary L. D. Putnam, Chairman of the Publication Committee, in the sum of nine thousand five hundred dollars, as a memorial to her husband, Charles E. Putnam, and her son, Joseph Duncan Putnam, provides for it assured finan- cial support to the extent of the interest of the sum mentioned. Early in the history of the organization (1876) the publication of PRro- CEEDINGS was begun under great difficulties by that indomitable young scientist, J]. D. Putnam, and during the short remainder of his life he bent his energies toward placing it on an enduring basis. To this end he was ably assisted by his father, who not only lent the moral support of his ap- proval, but was ever ready to respond to appeals for material aid, and it is eminently fitting that the father’s name should be associated with that of the son in this memorial endowment. The first signature line of the present volume bears date, December 14 1892, the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Academy’s founding. Since then the unsparing hand of death has removed many of those most closely con- nected with its origin and growth. The demise, shortly after his removal to Minneapolis, of Professor W. H Pratt, deprived this Academy of a life-long and enthusiastic worker for all pertaining to its interests and those of science in general. A life member and one of the original group to whom it owes its existence, on his foresight and energy the Academy had learned very largely to depend, and his loss is most deeply felt. Among other prominent members who have passed away since this vol- ume-was begun, are Rev. S. S. Hunting of Des Moines, a former President and life member; William H. Holmes of this city, an earnest supporter ; and Israel Hall, a friend and life member; while the scientific world at large has suffered irreparable loss in the death of Professors John Tyndall and C. V. Riley, both honorary members, and Charles Wachsmuth, a cor- responding member of the Academy. With a steady growth in its Museum and Library, the latter now num- bering over thirty thousand volumes, the Academy yet feels sorely both the iv PREFACE. loss of workers and the lack of funds for pushing original investigation But a glance at the contents of this volume will at least show good work done by associate members. Articles of especial value and interest are a List of Coleoptera from the Southern Shore of Lake Superior, by Professor H. F. Wickham of the Iowa State University; a Bibliography of lowa Antiquities, and a Summary of the Archeology of Iowa, by Professor Frederick Starr of the University of Chicago; and a Revision of the Truxaline of North America, by Professor Jerome McNeill of the University of Arkansas. The six beautiful plates accompanying the latter paper were reproduced by the Heliotype Printing Company of Boston, from careful delineations by Miss A. Simonds and Miss A. Leverett. The excellent engraved portrait of Dr. C. C. Parry, which forms the frontispiece to the volume, was donated by Mrs. Parry, who also prepared the list of his published writings. These, with the accompanying Biograph- ical Sketch by Dr. C. H. Preston, will give added interest to the volume for botanists the world over, as well as for the many personal friends and acquaintances of Dr. Parry in this city and elsewhere. The SyNopPsIS OF PROCEEDINGS has been brought down to the beginning of the present year, and a comprehensive index is appended which will prove helpful to those consulting the volume. Among the papers in prospect for Volume VII. are one on the Local Geology of Davenport, by Professor W. H. Barris, now ready, which it was intended to have included in Volume VI., and one on the Flora of Scott and Muscatine Counties, lowa, in course of preparation by Messrs. F Reppert, A. A. Miller, and W. D. Barnes. Also, biographical sketches of Charles E. Putnam and W. H. Pratt, with portraits, which were to have appeared in this, will be given in the seventh volume. The Publication Committee takes pleasure in acknowledging the uniform courtesy of Messrs. Edward Borcherdt and R. B. Russell, of the Borcherdt publishing house, while the volume has been passing through the press. DAVENPORT, Iowa, March 2oth, 1897. te og eg se e GUNA EN", St Preface, List of Illustrations ; ; Bibliography of Lowa A Gouaitien — Frederick Starr, Ph. D., Buddhism in America—- Edward L. Berthoud, . Ancient Grooved Rocks in Arkansas — I17 A. Chapman, Biographical Sketch of Chas. Christopher Parry—-C. //. Preston, 7. D., List of Papers Published oe theater. C.3C: sae — Mrs. C. C. Parry, : : Summary of the Archeology of lowa— Frederick Starr, Ph. D., List of Coleoptera from the Southern Shore of Lake Superior, with Remarks on Geographical Distribution—//. /. Wickham, J1.S., Stone Mounds and Serpent of eae sant South Dakota — John M. Helmtick, A Shell Gorget from Mexico — Frederick Starr, Ph. ID}, Revision of the Truxalince of North America — Jerome MeNeill, SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS, St Academy of Natural Sciences, 1889 —— 18096, Annual Meeting and Ree ie Resolutions on the Death of William Renwick, President's Annual Address, 1889 — C. E. Harrison Annual Meeting and Reports, 1890, Resolutions on the Death of Dr. Charles C. mane Report on the Work of the Academy in Connection with the Public Schools — Prof. IV. Hf. Pratz, : : Resolutions on the Removal from the City of Prof. W. H. Pratt, Resolutions on the Death of Prof. W. C. Preston, Annual Meeting and Reports, 1891, President’s Annual Address, 1891 — D7. ee Mc Cowen, President’s Inaugural Address, 1891 — James Thompson, Resolutions on the Death of Prot. Alexander Winchell, Annual Meeting and Reports, 1892, : : President’s Annual Address, 1892 — /ames LThompson,. Resolutions on the Death of James Thompson, Resolutions on the Death of J. Monroe Parker, vi CONTENTS. SyNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS — Continued. Page Resolutions on the Death of Nicholas Kuhnen, : : : 390 Resolutions on the Death of Mrs. J. Monroe Parker, : : 310 Anniversary Address — Dr. Jennie McCowen, . E ; , air Annual Meeting and Reports, 1893, ; : ; : 5 314 President’s Annual Address, 1893 — Dr. IV. L. Allen, : a 316 Resolutions on the Death of W. H. Pratt, . : ; ; 323 Resolutions on the Death of Prof. John Tyndall, : , 2 323 Annual Meeting and Reports, 1894, : d : : ; 324 President's Annual Address, 1894— Dr. W.. L. Allen, : : 328 Notes on Specimens of Ores presented by B. R. Putnam to the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences; described ac- cording to Localities — 2. Rk. Putnam, : é ; 331 Resolutions on the Death of Rev. S. S. Hunting, : ; ; 333, Annual Meeting and Reports, 1895, : 334 Circular of Suggestion regarding Work in Archeology — Fred erick Starr, Ph. D., ; 340 Biographical Sketch of Charles Valentine Riley, A. M., Ph. D.— H.F. Wickham, . ; ; : : F : 344 Annual Meeting and Reports, 1806, : : : P 347 President's Annual Address, 1896 — Adward S. Hamar : 353 Resolutions on the Death of Prof. Charles Wachsmuth, . : 357 Resolutions against proposed Legislation restricting Vivisection, 358A Resolutions on the Death of William H. Holmes, 3 358B Lecture on The Greenland Expedition of 1896 under charge of Prof. A. E. Burton— G. R. Putnam, : , . 359 Report on the Glazier Expedition of 1891 to determine the True Source of the Mississippi River — C. £. Harrison, : 364 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. ELATES: Portrait of C. C. Parry, M.D. Engraved by Williams & Bro., New York, : ; ‘ : é : ; Frontispiece Plates I1-VI.—Truxaline, 39 species. Residue by Heliotype Printing Co., Boston, from drawings by Miss A. Simonds and Miss A. Leverett. WOOD- CUES. Page “Svastika” and “Sauvastika,” 4 . ! 20 Fig. 140, Ethnological Report, 1881, . ; ; ; 27 Grooved Rocks, Clark County, Arkansas, . ; 30, 31 Pictographs near New Albin, . ; : 59, 60, 61 Neanderthaloid Skulls from Mounds near Old Chickasaw, . . 64 Effigy Mounds near North McGregor, ‘ : ; : 66 Indian Device for Arrow-head Making, : , Or Effigy Mounds near Farley, . : : 70 Diagram of Mounds near Charles City, : Pees Diagram of Mound 14 near Charles City, : : ; 74 Mound Section and Diagram, ‘ : 3 : ey Diagram of Earthwork near Charles City, : : : 77 Neanderthaloid Skull from Mound near Floyd, . : ; - 7 2) Section of Mound near Floyd Creek, 79 Section of Grave in “Carman’s Woods,” Floyd County, = 80 Diagram of Mounds near Iowa City, : : ; : ‘ : 84 Clay “Jug” from Johnson County Mound, . 35 Diagram of Effigy Mound, Linn County, lowa, : 99 Map Insert, Earthworks in Mills County, Iowa, . : ‘ ; . 100 Pottery Vessel from Loéss, Glenwood, : : : : : : 103 Map locating Shell-heap, Keosauqua, . : . . PI Map of Mounds near Ottumwa, : ; 122 Diagram of “Serpent Mound,” Blunt, South ak oes : SPE Zi “ Douglass” Shell Gorget, : : 175 Mexican Shell Gorget, . : : STL7z ES TE I ELE EE LT LE LL LS EE LE 2 LT LL, EE TT ER FEL SS 3 4 _ : | ’ r. a? =. : ed ° 3 ; i ‘ a2 a in r > PROCEEDINGS OF THE DAVENPORT ACADEMY Or Nove be SCIENCES- VOLUME VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IOWA ANTIQUITIES.* BY FREDERICK STARR, PH. D. 1. ALDRICH, CHARLES. American Antiquarian, Vi., 42. Letter describing human remains, with relics, from Webster City, and mentioning mounds near Ft. Dodge, near Webster City, and in Emmett County. 2. ALEXANDER, W. E. Aist. Winneshiek and Allamakee Cos., 1882, Refers to mounds, pottery, copper relics, etc. [pp: 357-36F- 3. AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN. 1887 (ix.), p. 116. Quotes Prof. Leon de Rosny, in paper before the Societe Americane de France, as against the Davenport Tablets. 4. ———-— 1887 (ix.), p. 250. Quotes Uhle’s remarks upon Putnam’s address as given in paper—Les pipes et le Tobag,—before the Berlin Anthropo- logical Society. Also at p. 55. * This Bibliography was presented before the Academy in 1887. It has recently (October, 1892) been extended, that it might be fairly complete to date. A few titles of ethnological articles, relative to the Sacs and Foxes, or other Iowa tribes, have been introduced. (Proc. D. A. N.S., Vou. VI.) 1 [December 14, 1892.] tN nn 6. ~ 1 & DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAI. SCIENCES. Des Sted OR 1889 (xi.), p. 325. Notice of vol. iv., pt. 1, of the Proceedings of the Academy, and reference to its work in archeology. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ARTS. ~ 1885, pp. 411-412. Notice of the vindication pamphlet and fair presentation of the Academy’s claims. AMERICAN NATURALIST. XVili., 954. Refers to Henshaw’s article (No. 51). XIX.» O29 Refers to “Conflict” between Davenport Academy and the Bureau of Ethnology. —<—$ > —— KiK:, ogi Refers to Academy’s fine Collection of Pottery in a review of Holmes’ paper (No. 52). —$—_——_—— 1880, p. 216. ‘““ Mound-builders.” Summarizes Stevenson’s article upon the work of the Muscatine Academy of Science. 1880, p. 455: Announces discovery of Elephant Pipe No. 2. ——- 1880, pp. 814-815. Notice of vol. ii., pt. 2, and vol. iii., pt. 1, of the Proceedings of the Davenport Academy, and consideration of the Ele- phant Pipes. eee 1886 (xx.), p. 671. Notice of vol. iv. Proceedings of the Davenport Academy, and consideration of Putnam’s vindication. ANNALS OF Iowa. New Series, 1., No. 2, p. 1. “Indian Mounds.” Questions the antiquity of mounds and mound-building. Refers to cup found in Iowa City mound. 106. 10. 21. to Ls) 23. 24. STARR—BIBLIOGRAPHY OF [OWA ANTIQUITIES. we Banta, W. V., and JNO. GARRETSON. Smithsonian R., 1851, 532. “Mounds at Snake Den, near Salem, in Henry County.” Nine mounds, some of which were explored. Skeletons, badly decayed, and stones in some of those opened. 3ARBER, Epwin A. American Naturalist, 1882, xvi., pp. 263-281. “‘Mound Pipes.” 77: —-—_— Proceedings, vol. ii. Brief References. Additions to Museum, 49, 214. Mound Builders’ Cloth, 6. “Gass Tablets” announced. Resolution, etc., 81, 86, 256. Stone Carving, Hardin County, r1s. S. F. Baird’s “Opinion of Tablets,” 127, 145. Cleona Inscriptions presented, 137. Letter asking advice, from J. W. Powell, 137. “Pleasant Valley Carving,” 138. Publication Committee’s Report on Tablets, 216. Mound opened below Rockingham, 219. Elephant Pipe. Circumstances of, 348. - Proceedings, vol. iii. Brief References. President’s address refers to relics and explorations, (sag a Curator’s Report, 6. Elephant Pipe No. 2 shown, 130. Mounds near Wheatland, 134. — Proceedings, vol. iv. brief References. To Henshaw’s Article, 246, 249, 250. Exploration of large mound by Gass, Muscatine Co., 210. 40. 4. 44. 45: 46. 48. DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Davis, M. W. History of Johnson County, lowa City, 1883. Davis and Col. Trowbridge are quoted regarding the groups of mounds of the county, and some remains and relics, particu- larly a complete vessel of pottery, are described. DEAN, SETH. Smithsonian R., 1881, 528. “ Antiquities of Mills County.” Circular depressions in bluffs, and mounds near Glenwood. DoNnaLpson, THos. Smithsonian R., 1885, pt. 2, App., pp- 13-39- “The George Catlin Indian Gallery.” Catlin’s outline pictures of Sacs and Foxes are here reproduced, with his observations upon the tribe. Some notes regarding their present condi- tion are added. Dorsey, J. O. Transactions Anthropological Society, vol. ii. “Gentile System of the Iowas.” Evans, S. B. Smithsonian R., 1879, 344. ““ Notes on Some of the Principal Mounds of Des Moines Val- ley.” Diagram 1 shows five locations near Ottumwa. Dia- gram 2 shows locations of shell-heaps and mounds near Keosauqua. Explorations of mounds described. Chicago Times. ‘Mounds of Des Moines Valley.” Occasional papers on this subject during 1879 and 1880. — Ottumwa Democrat. Occasional papers from 1870 onward. Western Scientist, vol. 1. ‘Mounds of Des Moines Valley.” (Magazine published at Ottumwa. Crawford, editor.) Evans, S. B. History of Wapello County, Chicago, pp. 336-342. Articles in Smithsonian Reports and Chicago Times are here quoted. The same article also appears in the History of Van Buren County. 49. 50. 52. 54- 55° 50. FARQUHARSON, R. J. American Antiquarian, i. STARR—BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IOWA ANTIQUITIES. i ~ FARNSWORTH, P. J. 1875, “Mounds and Mound-Builders.” Paper read before “Iowa Academy of Natural Science.” _-——— Popular Science, xx., 266. “Identity of Indians and Mound-Builders.” Letter referring to platycnemism in certain mound remains, and states that Dr. Farquharson found the same in Sioux remains at Davenport. , 130. “Phonetic Elements in American Languages.” Speaks of Mexican symbol for ‘“ war.” — American Antiquarian, \., 168. “Davenport Tablets.” Quotes M. Lucien Adam, at Luxem- bourg meeting of the ‘Americanistes,” as endorsing the tablets. ee American Antiquarian, ii., 67. “The Elephant Pipe.” History of finding Pipe No. 1. De- scription. ‘Table of measurements of elephants and masto- dons. Points out several examples of omission of “tushy” in representations. SG American Antiquarian, iil., 330. ‘““Amulets and Post Mortem Trepanation.” Describes a “ron- delle” and two skull fragments from which such objects had been cut. All from Iowa. Refers to literature on subject. Proceedings Davenport Academy, i., 117. “Recent Archeological Discoveries at Davenport of Copper Axes, Cloth, etc., etc.” Valuable paper of 26 pp. “Cook Farm Mounds” exploration. Many notes regarding the relics found. —— ——— Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 103. “On Inscribed Tablets.” Quite elaborate; 12 pp. Full dis- cussion. Figures. wn ~ 60. G2: 04. 6s. DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. = .- ee A. A. A. 'S. Trans., 18, 1875: “Recent Exploration of Mounds Near Davenport,” 18 pp., with 6 plates. Practically same as No. 33. FosTER, J. W. Prehistoric Races of the U. S., p. 105. Simply mentions small mounds near Dubuque. FULTON, A. R. History of Boone County, 8 vo., 1878. “ Archeology of the North-west.” References to lowa mounds. Article of little value. Occurs also in History of Mahaska County. FuLTON, A. R. The Red Men of Sowa, 8 vo., 558 p., 1882. Treats of past history and present condition of our Iowa tribes. Pages 81-94 treat of ‘“‘ Prehistoric Man.” GALLARD, ISAAC. Annals of Lowa, vil., 347-366. “Indian Tribes of the West: Their Languages, Religion, and Traditions.” The best informations upon the Saes and Foxes. GARRETSON, JOHN. (See No. 5.) Gass, J. Proceedings Davenport Academy, \i., 92. “Excavation of Mound No. 3, Cook Farm,” Davenport. De- scription of openings in 1874 and 1877. Finding of “Tablets,” etc. —- Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 140. “Mounds in Louisa County.” Describes opening of nine burial mounds. —__—__—___ Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 189. ‘“Mounds in Louisa County.” Opening of several mounds. Relics found. (See No. 11.) —_ —__— Proceedings Davenport Academy, \i., 141. “Mound No. to, Cook Farm.” Account of opening. Dia- gram showing curious structure. 60. 67. 68. 60. 70. 7s 2: 13: 74- STARR—BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IOWA ANTIQUITIES. 9 oe Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 142. “Inscribed Stones, Cleona Township, Scott County.” Five found in bed of creek. se Proceedings Davenport Academy, li., 172. “Inscribed Rocks in Cleona Township.” Fuller description than No. 66. Stones are hard, heavy, coarse greenstone. — Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 155. “ Mound in Jackson County.” Opened for Mr. Gass. Simple structure. Some relics. oo Proceedings Davenport Academy, i., 173, 219. ‘Mounds in Jackson County.” Further exploration. Loca- tion of groups, and excavation. —__—— Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 183. “Ancient Fortification, Louisa County.” Grandview Town- ship. ‘Two earth-walls enclosing two acres between ravines. Diagram. — Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 189. “Mound Explorations.” Location and examination of many mounds in Grandview Township. Finding of Toolesboro Tablet. Sums up year’s work, pp. 140-140. == Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 191. ‘“‘ Mounds Near Muscatine.” Examination of some mounds in two groups. Harrison, Cuarues E. Proceed. Davenport Academy, \., 221%. ‘‘Cook- Mound, No. 11.” Finding of Tablet 3. Other relics of interest. —— Proceedings Davenport Academy, W., 197. “Report of Mound Exploration, Pine Creek, Muscatine County.” Open only unopened mound in group of ten. No relics. (Proc. D. A. N.S., Vou. VI.] [January 13, 1893. } ite) ~ on ~~ ~—I 78. 79. 82. DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. HENDERSON, JOHN J. Smithsonian R., 1882, 686. “ Aboriginal Remains Near Naples, Ill.” Thirty-five pages on mounds and builders. Pages 713-717 is list of “ Fauna of Mound-Builders’ Era,” in which various Iowa pipes are men- tioned. Hensoaw, H.W. Bureau of Ethnology, 2d Ann. Reft., 123. ‘Animal Carvings from Mounds in Mississippi Valley.” At- tacks Elephant Pipes on pp. 155-157. Hotmes, Wm. H. Ancient Pottery of Mississippi Valley, 8 vo., [pp- 73: “A Study of the Davenport Academy’s Collection.” Printed in advance of vol. iv. of Davenport Academy’s Proceedings. Proceedings Davenport Academy, iv., 123 et seq. The same. Houmes, Wo. H. Fourth Ann. Rept. Burcau of Ethnology, [pp- 361-436. “Ancient Pottery of Mississippi Valley.” Many specimens from Academy described. Iowa specimens described on pp. 427-429. Howe, S. S. Annals of Iowa, i., No. 3, p- 33- “Indian Mounds.” JorDAN, Cora M. American Antiquarian, 1892, pp. 226-227. “A Stone Dam in Iowa.” A stone dam, a mound (entirely artificial?), and a copper cup (lost) from Plum Creek, Knowlton Township, Ringgold County, described. KIMBERLING, L. G. Knoxville Journal, 1883. Various papers on mounds of wnusual interest (see No. 10g) in the vicinity of Knoxville, published during 1883-84 in the Journal of Knoxville, F. C. Barber, publisher. Lewis. 7. H: Science, V.y 131. “Notice of Some Recently Discovered Effigy Mounds.” Re- fers only to lowa. Mounds mostly Minnesotan. a. 33 x 85. 86. 38. 89. gt. STARR—BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IOWA ANTIQUITIES. 11 — Science, vi. (No. 146.) “ Ethgy Mounds in Iowa.” Group in Clayton County, near North McGregor. Shows disproportions. Head generally south. Feet generally toward water. — --—— American Anthropologist, 1889, pp. 159-164. “Stone Monuments in South Dakota.” Says that similar monuments occur in Iowa. American Anthropologist, 1890, pp. 269-274. “Stone Monuments in North-western Iowa.” ——-——_ Appileton's Annual Cyclopedia, 1889, pp. 117-122. ‘““Cave Drawings.” Describes and figures interesting wall de- signs from caves of Allamakee County. —- Science, xv. (1890), p. 275. ‘“Kfhgy Mounds in Valley of Big Sioux River, Iowa.” In the Lyon County group described by Starr; a fort also described. Loos, PRor. Chicago Journal, June 23, 1886. See Beal and Loos, Profs. LINDLEY, CLARENCE. Proceedings Davenport Academy, i., 112. “Mound Exploration, 1875, Muscatine County.” Groups near Pine Creek. Burial Mounds. Some opened. Relics. ———--—— Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 83. “Mound Exploration in Jackson County.” Groups in Iowa Township. Skeletons and a few relics. MacLean J. P. The Mound-Builders, 12 mo. On page 116 refers to Davenport Tablet. MAatutery, Garrick. Fourth Ann. Rept. Bureau of Ethnology, p23: “Pictographs of North American Indians.” Refers to incised and painted pictographs on cliffs in North-eastern Iowa. 12 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAT SCIENCES. g2. Mason, Otis T. American Naturalist, 1878 (xii). Announces discovery of tablet, and suggests caution (p. 322), to which Mr. J. D. Putnam replies (p. 400) that there can be no room for fraud. 93. MATERIAUX POUR L’HISTOIRE DE L’ HOMME. 1887. Refers to mounds near Clayton. 94. McGerr,W.J. Am. Jour. Sci. and Arts, ser. iii., vol. xvi., p. 272. “ Artificial Mounds in North-eastern Iowa, and the Evidence of the Employment of a Unit of Measurement in Their Con- struction.” Six-page article on Metrology. 95. ———-—— American Antiquarian, il., £94. ‘- Inductive Metrology.” Compares his notes and methods with : Petrie’s, as given in Petrie’s book of above title. Arrives at similar conclusions. 96. —————_ Am. Jour. Sci. and Arts, ser. iii., vol. xvi., p. 458. ‘On an Anatomical Peculiarity by which the Crania of Mound-Builders may be distinguished from those of Mod- ern Indians.” 97. MoutrTon, M. W. Smithsonian R., 1877, 250. ‘Mounds in Delaware County.” Groups of mounds and earthworks forming nearly a hollow square. 98. Myers, Justus M. T. flistory of Lee County, pp. 427-428. Mounds described. In one thirty-two skeletons seated in vaults of limestone slabs. 99. MuRDOCH, SAMUEL. Iowa Historical Record, ii., p. 356. “The Mound-Builders of the Mississippi Valley.” General dis- cussion to prove Mound-Builders ancient, extinct, and can- nibal. 100. ————-——— Lowa fistorical Record, 1888, pp. 28-32. Mounds long and round. The former older. Two races of builders; the later with conical skulls. Tol. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. (08. 10g. STARR BIBLIOGRAPHY OF [OWA ANTIQUITIES. I we DE NADAILLAC, MARQUIS. Prehistoric Peoples, pp. 358-360. Quotes Clement I.. Webster regarding Floyd finds. Niss.ey, J. R. American Antiquarian, 1887, p. 303. “Skeletons and Relics from Iowa.” Skeletons of low type from flat near Niobrara River. Stone ball with incised lines. Necus, CHARLES. Annals of Sowa, v. (1867), p. 840. “Antiquities.” In Jefferson County, a series of mounds; also an iron cross bolted into sandstone bluff near Cedar River. ae Annals of Lowa, xii., pp. 256-262. “The River of the Mounds.” Describes mounds in various parts of Iowa. Some good information. pe cot eh a Tuttle's History of Lowa, pp. 32, et seq. 0“) Same material as in the two preceding articles. PEET, STEPHEN D. American Antiquarian, i., 106. “ Recent Mound Explorations.” Gives a short description of Davenport Tablets. , —- American Antiquarian, il., 320. ‘‘Klephant Pipe No. 2.” Notices discovery, and gives brief description. —--- —— American Antiquarian, vi., 275. ‘** Measurements Among Mounds.” Refers to McGee’s article (No. 95). Thinks the unit zo¢ McGee’s and Whittlesey’s cubit — 25.7 inches,— but the pace — three feet. — American Antiquarian, vi., 276. ** Mounds at Knoxville.” Interesting system of mounds, earth- works, raised ways, etc. Refers to articles by Kimberling (No. 81). . —— American Antiquarian, vill., 46. Are the Davenport Tablets Frauds?” ‘Ten-page editorial. ei i II 4. 116. 118. (19. DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. American Antiquarian, vii., 117. ‘lhe Points Involved.” ‘lhree-page editorial, replying to pag plying Pratt (No. 136), and summarizing. American Antiquarian, vill., 256. Editorial note against “‘ Elephant Pipes and Mounds.” ao American Antiquarian, viii., 256. Editorial criticism of Holmes’ paper (No. 77). Culture of Mississippi Valley region zo¢ so homogeneous as Holmes thinks. — American Antiquarian, Vil., 309. “ Extra-limital Animals and Mound-Builder Pipes.” Drawn out by No. 76. Sustains claim for “ extra-limitals.” Com- pares an Academy ‘Otter Pipe” with “ Manitu,” and figures both. Refers to Academy difficulties. oa American Antiquarian, 1x., pp. 242-246. ‘*The Mastodon in America and the Mound-Builders.” Argu- ment to show status of the question. Mentions Davenport Tablets and Pipes. —— American Antiquarian, 1889, pp. 359-378: ‘Burial Mounds Viewed as Monuments.” On p. 368 refers to Academy’s work on Cook Mounds. — American Antiquarian, 1890, p. 187. “ Distribution of Effigy Mounds.” Refers to Lewis’ Lyon County mound, and calls it a bear with paws extended. ee American Antiquarian, 1891, pp. 255-281. “The Mysterious Race.” Refers to Iowa (p. 264); to Ele- phant Pipes and Tablets (p. 266), and figures the Cook Farm group (p. 275). American Antiquarian, 1891, pp. 305-330. “The Religion of the Mound-Builders.” References and dis- cussion regarding Iowa specimens scattered through article — Ppp. 309, 310, 317, 320. BEDS Dyed Sods, ht La 120. 122. E23. 124. 125. ThvAlb E277. 128. 120. STARR—BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IOWA ANTIQUITIES. 1S —_— American Antiquarian, 1892, pp. 59-86. ‘The Mound-Builders and the Mastodon.” ‘The tablets and pipes (pp. 71-76), and the structure of the Cook Farm mounds (p. 79). PIDGEON, WILLIAM. 7Zyraditions of De-coo-dah and Antiquarian [ Researches, i vol., 16 mo., 1858, N. Y. A strange work. lIowa mounds are described and “ eluci- dated” at pp. 115-118, 129-130, 201-204, 231-238. POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. l., p. 768. * Notes.” Mentions Woodman at A. A. A. S. 1872 meeting reporting on mounds of Dubuque. £1 A See EY Ik, Do: ‘“‘Miscellany.” Speaks of Pratt’s address and of Academy’s collections. eciereely Oe Misa ‘“* Miscellany.” Refers to Maj. Beebe’s “translations” of Davenport, Piqua, Grave Creek, and Pemberton Inscrip- tions A. A. A. S. meeting. tre ' XXlll., 432. ““ Notes.” Mentions gifts of mound pipes to Academy by Mr. Gass. — Xvi, 77: “ Review of Putnam’s Vindication.” PRATT EL, Proceedings Davenport Academy, \., 106. “Mounds of Louisa County—Toolesboro.” Interesting relics. Bird Pipes with “eyes.” Copper Axes with impressions, etc. aa Proceedings Davenport Academy, \., 106. “Mounds Near Pine Creek.” Portion of skull found with “rondelles” cut out. a Proceedings Davenport Academy, i., 38. “On Shell Moneys.” Eight pages. Refers to shell beads y gat pag and ‘pearl eyes,” and to copper axes. 16 I 30. 134. 135- reais 139- N DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 148. “Mounds on Allen Farm.” Group of six mounds. A few relics. One ‘curved base” pipe. —_—Ss Proceedings Davenport Academy, il., 156. “* Shell-beds in Vicinity of Davenport.” Thinks all but one are natural. Formed at time of a higher river. —— --_— Proceedings Davenport Academy, ii., 256. “Curious Relic From Cook Farm.” Rudely carved animal. Quartz crystal eyes. Mound No. 3. —— Proceedings Davenport Academy, iii., 151. ‘“*Mound-Builders.” Presidential address. Status of Mound- Builders. Condition of Academy’s collection. Science, i., 496. Letter briefly referring to relics from Southern Mounds, and to Cranial Deformities. Science, ii. (No. 71.) Report of Academy meeting. Refers to “ Inca-bone.” American Antiquarian, Vill., 92. “The Davenport Tablets Genuine.” Four-page reply to (No. 110) Peet. PRICE, ELIPHALET. Annals of Towa, vi., p. 121. “On the Origin, Antiquity, and Object of the Mounds of the Mississippi.” Of no value on Iowa. ProupFit, S. V. American Antiquarian, iil., 139. ‘“* Earthworks on Missouri River.” Read before lowa Academy of Science, Des Moines. ——— American Antiquarian, iii., 271. ‘*Mounds of South-west Iowa.” Old trails, mounds, and lodges described. Record of relics from undisturbed loess. pee ie 140. 144 145. 146. 140. STARR—BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LOWA ANTIQUITIES. L7 American Antiquarian, Viil., 222. “The Lodge-Dweller.” Paper read before Anthropological Society, Washington, April 20, 1886. ‘“ Lodge- Dwellers” intermediate to Indians and Mound- Builders. American Antiquarian, Viil., 299. ‘Pottery Vessels in Glenwood.” Broken vessel from six feet down in loess. Putnam, C. KE. Elephant Pipes, 8 vo., 40 pp., 1885. A vindication of the Elephant Pipes and Inscribed Tablets from the accusations of the Bureau of Ethnology. ——— Llephant Pipes and Inscribed Tablets, 8vo., 96 [pp-, 1886. “ Second edition” of No. 142, with “correspondence” added. Printed separately and as an appendix to vol. iv. of Pro- ceedings. pee Science, vol. vil. (No. 157.) “The Davenport Tablets.” Reply to Thomas’ letters (No. Ee 7iloe NO 172.) ee werence, vil. (No; £710.) ‘“The Davenport Tablets.” Letter from Mr. Gass dsavow- img intentional fraud. (See Nos. 8 and 9.) Rau, CHARLES. Prehistoric Fishing, p. 125. Describes an Arkansas bone fish-hook from the Academy’s collection. —— Prehistoric Fishing, pp. 241-242. Summary of C. A. White’s articles upon shell-heaps. READ, M. C. American Antiquarian, W., 225. “The Welsh Butterfly. Is the Inscription,Old?” Refers with doubt to tablets, eStats IN! Proceedings A. A. A. S., 1882, 584. ‘Remarks on Davenport Tablet.” (Abstract.) ‘Translation given by modern Dakotas. (Proc. D. A. N.8:; Vou. VI.] [ February 16, 1893.] DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. ScuMipt, E. Kosmos, 1884, 146. ‘‘Mound-Builders and Their Relation to Historic Indians.” (Quoted by C. Thomas against Davenport Tablets. “Die Preehistorischen Kupfergerathe Nord-Amerikas.” De- scribes the Davenport celts. SCIENCE. ; Vol: 1, ING@= gy. Mentions Mr. Gass’ gift of thirteen ‘‘ Mound-Builder Pipes” to Academy’s collection, making fifty-six in whole series. —— Vol. 1., No. 9, p. 263. Mention of Effigy Mounds in North-western Iowa. : aaa vill., 1886, p. 186. Note upon the Louisa County exploration of the Academy. aa X1X., 1892,:puel Notice of arrowhead from loess near Muscatine, and of im- plements from Council Bluffs loess. SEYFFARTH, G. Proceedings Davenport Academy, il., 72. ‘The Indian Inscriptions of Davenport.” Elaborate classifi- cation and comparison of characters. Syllabic. Allied to Japanese, Chinese, and Corean. Considers the designs a “sacrificial scene” and a “record of the deluge.” SHAW, JAMES. ' Smithsonian R., 1877, 257- “The Mound-Builders of the Rock River Valley.” Mainly Illinois, but refers somewhat to Mercer County. SHORT, JOHN G. North Americans of Antiquity, 8vo. Pp. 37-40, refers to Iowa Mounds and Davenport Tablets ; 169-170, quotes Farquharson’s cranial measurements; 530— 531, refers to Louisa County pipes. SLOAN, JuDGE. History of Wapello Co., Chicago, pp. 336-342. Quoted in reference to mounds near Ottumwa. The same article is given in History of Van Buren County, pp. 334— 341. : STARR—BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IOWA ANTIQUITIES. 10 4 160. SMITH, JoEL W. Trans. A. A. A. S., 1888, p. 329. ‘Towa Mound-Builders’ Relics.” (Title only.) 161. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTE REPORT. 1380. Abstracts of Corresponidence. B. Morgan, Mounds of Des Moines Valley, 445. H. T. Woodman, Unique Mound for Iowa near Dubuque, 448. . 162, ——-——_—_ 1879, 430. Abstracts of Correspondence. S. Allis, Lodge Cavities on Bluffs in Mills County. W. V. Banta, Mounds in Henry County. L. Bassett, Implements from Keokuk. D. C. Beaman, Mounds near Keosauqua. F. C. Canda, Copper Implements from Grandview. H. Davis and W. A. McDonald, Clayton County “ Lookout Mounds.” S. B. Evans, Summary of article in same volume. (No. 23.) W. H. Ketterman, Mounds of Wapello County. J. M. Mansfield, Mounds of Henry Co., near Mt. Pleasant. F. M. Witter, Mounds and Relics, Toolesboro. 163; ‘SQUIER, E: G. : Serpent Symbol in America, 8 vo. Pp. 140-142, quotes ‘“ Pidgeon” for serpent symbols near Guttenburg. Two figures. 164. STARR, FREDERICK. American Antiquarian, 1887, p. 303. Shell-heaps at Cedar Rapids; attributed by mistake to W. G. Evans. 165 ———-——— American Antiquarian, ix., pp. 361-363. ‘“Mounds and Lodge Circles in Iowa.” Describes group of mounds and many stone circles in Lyon County; also ob- jects found there. 166. ————---— American Antiquarian, 1888, pp. 279-282. ‘‘ Preservation by Copper Salts.” The cloth-wrapped celts are described; also a Lyon County skeleton with preserva- tion of face-flesh and hair. 20 167. 1608. 169. 170. 7 ry2; 174. DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. — Proceedings Davenport Academy, v., pp. 110-112. ‘‘Mound Exploration in North-western Iowa.” Description of the mound relics and ‘stone circles” near La Valley, Lyon County. STEPHENSON, J. E. American Antiquarian, ii., 89. ‘‘The Mound-Builders.” Paper before Muscatine Academy of Science. Restores the past from relics. Two figures and map. Tuomas, C. American Antiquarian, Vii., 212. “ Ancient Works in Iowa.” Near New Albion, on Little lowa River. Interesting remains. —— Science, vi., No. 151, 564. “The Davenport Tablets.” Limestone tablet a “plant.” Quotes Tiffany. Objects to mode of occurrence. Sat SCLENCE, Vi. INO. wea “The Davenport Tablets.” Against slate tablet. Based on characters. Science, vii., No. 160. “The Davenport Tablets.” Reply to Putnam (No. 94). Quotes ‘‘doudts” from various authors. — Fifth An. Rept. Bureau of Ethnology, 1887. ‘Burial Mounds of the Northern Section of the United States.” In pp. 24-38 are described the Cook farm group; and investigation conducted by the Bureau in Allamakee and Dubuque Counties. ——-—— Catalogue of Prehistoric Works East of the Rocky [ Mountains, 8 vo., 1891. The Iowa list occupies pp. 83-88. Summary of many state- ments by others. Original notice of mounds in Adams, Allamakee, Clayton, Clinton, Dubuque, Hamilton, Lee, Lyon, Marion, Marshall, Van Buren, Warren, and Wright Counties. 175. 176. Whe 170. TSo. IST. 182. STARR—RBIBLIOGRAPHY OF IOWA ANTIQUITIES. 21 ‘THOMPSON, THERON. American Antiquarian, ii., 60. ‘Mounds at Muscatine.” Letter describing mounds, remains, pot, and relics. —_—_—_—_-—___ American Antiquarian, i., 172. “Mound Relics.” Describes copper relics, pot, and iro axe. — Smithsonian R., 1879, 350. ‘Mounds in Muscatine County.” Describes groups of mounds, location, arrangement, etc. TirFany, A. S. Proceedings Davenport Academy), i., 113. ‘“Mound Explorations in 1875.” Near Davenport in Buffalo Township, at Gilbert and Rockingham. Too.e, WituiaM L. Annals of Iowa, v., p. 45, etc. “Incidents of Settlement of Louisa County.” Refers to mounds, “fort,” and relics. TROWBRIDGE, C.S. Aastory of Johnson Co., lowa City, 1883. Quoted in reference to mound groups near Iowa City. UuHLE, Max. ; Zeitschrift fur Ethnologie, 1887. Long paper in reference to the Elephant Pipes. VAN ALLEN, G. C. Smithsonian R., 1882, 682. ” “* Mounds in Henry County.” Three burial mounds. Some remains and relics. — Young Mineralogist and Antiquarian, 1884, p. 34. Mounds in Henry County. (Cf. Smith.) WASHINGTON EVENING STAR. May 3, 1859. Small mound near Floyd explored. Yielded skeletons. WEBSTER, CLEMENT L. American Naturalist, xxiii., 1889, pp. [ 185-188. “ Ancient: Mounds at Floyd, Iowa.” Five seated skeletons in a stone-lined basin. One skull, Neanderthaloid. to ty 186. 1go. Igl. 192. 193- DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. —— American Naturalist, xxiii., 1889, pp. 650-655. “Aboriginal Remains near Old Chicasaw.” One mound yielded three sitting skeletons, all with Neanderthaloid skulls. — Smithsonian Annual, 1887, i., pp. 575-589. “Ancient Mounds and Earthworks in Floyd and Cerro Gordo Counties.” One with a layer of broken pottery; one strati- fied; a group of thirty-one, some of which yielded interest- ing bundles of bones; also a crematory. a Smithsonian Annual, 1887, 1., 590-592. ‘“‘ Indian Graves in Floyd and Chicasaw Counties.” Several, some quite recent, with details of construction. — Smithsonian Annual, 1887, 1., pp. 593-597: ‘Ancient Mounds in Johnson County.” Locates groups of mounds of two types —largely as Davis and others. ——— Smithsonian Annual, 1887, 1., pp. 598-602. ‘Ancient Mounds in lowa and Wisconsin.” Quoted mainly from a Mr. Knapp. Refers to mounds near Guttenburg, Garnavillo, and Buena Vista; also describes Pottawatomie flint chipping. a Smithsonian Annual, 1887, 1., pp. 603-604. ‘‘ Mounds of the Western Prairies.” Describes mounds made by various mammals, and often mistaken for human con- structions. WuItE, CHARLES A. American Naturalist, i. (1868). “ Lakes of lowa, Past and Present.” Describes the natural formation of “wall lakes,” so often considered the work of a vanished race —as by Peschel (Races of Man, p. 426). ———- — Annals of Lowa, vi., pp. 19-23. “Indian Mounds.” Refers to location of mounds usually in the State, and to mounds in Johnson and Van Buren Counties. Particularly mentions some near Sac City. 1Q4. 195. 197. 1938. 19Q. 200. 201. 202. et) te) Os STARR BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IOWA ANTIQUITIES. 2 Go ——_—_ Compte rendu, Int. Cong. Prehist., Bologna, 1871, “ Kjoeckkenmoddings de Amerique du Nord.” [pp 379 et. — American Naturalist, iii., 870, 54. ‘“‘Kjoeckkenmoddings in Iowa.” Note. Heaps at Keosau- qua, with bones and relics. —— Proceedings A. Ao AS, 1873, 133 “ Kjoeckkenmoddings in Iowa.” Heaps at Keosauqua, Sabula, Belleville. Witiiams, WILLIAM. Annals of Lowa, vi., p- 339- “Ancient Fortifications and Mounds in Webster County.” Locates and describes mounds and embankments, and mentions relics found. Witson, THomas. Aznual Report U. S. N. M., 1889, p. 330. Notes that Dr. F. A. Steinmeyer donates five implements of paleolithic type, from near Bonaparte, to the Smithsonian Institution. x Wirrer, .F. M. Weekly Tribune, Muscatine, Nov. 21, 1878. “Notes on Mounds and Mound-Builders.” Read _ before Muscatine Academy of Science. ———— AHistory of Muscatine Co., Chicago, 1879, Western [History Co. ‘“‘ Prehistoric Remains in Muscatine County.” —— Tribune, Muscatine, Nov. 5, 1879. “Mounds and Mound-Builders in Muscatine County.” Read before Muscatine Academy of Science. ——- American Geologist, ix., p. 270. Reports finding of arrow-point in Muscatine loess. Woopman, H. T. Proceedings A."A. A. S., 1872,f225. “Mounds near Dubuque.” Group of seventy. Some regu- larity in arrangement. 24 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. 204. Lyncu, E. P., A. C. Futon, C. E. Harrison, 'C. H. PResron, [ Proc. Dav. Acad., v., 37-42. ““Mound Explorations at Toolesboro, Louisa County, Iowa.” Three mounds opened, all yielding skeletons; in one inter- esting copper celts wrapped with cloth, or enclosed in bark, and stone pipes; in another, pottery vessels. 205. Harrison, C. E., and W. H. Pratt. Proc. Dav. Acad., v., [43-44- “ Additional Explorations at ‘loolesboro.”. One mound opened yielded skeleton and one very low-type skull; among the relics one stone pipe. NOTES: 1. The author regrets that on account of a considerable space of time passing between the preparation of the first and last series of references, these are not in all cases similar in form. Time did not allow of rewriting. 2. The author has not seen articles 18, 24, 181, 183, 184, 194. BERTHOUD—BUDDHISM IN AMERICA, 25 BUDDHISM IN AMERICA. BY EDWARD L. BERTHOUD. To My FRIENDS OF THE DAVENPORT ACADEMY: Ladies and Gentlemen —With much diffidence I impart to you a curious coincidence which I have in the past year examined, bearing upon the mooted point of the frequentation, or, perhaps, more properly speaking, upon the discovery by Chinese Buddhist priests of North America in the present boundaries of Mexico or Southern California. The original account was derived, about the year 1761, by De Guignes, a celebrated French sinologist, from the ancient year-books or annuals of the Chinese Empire, and its substance is about as fol- lows: “That in the year 499 of our era one Hoei-schin, a Buddhist mis- sionary (his name signified ‘universal compassion’) came to Hua-Kang in China, and he narrated that he had come from a country nained ‘Fu-Sang,’ which is 20,000 Chinese miles, or ‘li,’ easterly from ‘Tahan,’ the Chinese name for Alaska and the Aleutian Isles. That Hoei-schin also told that many trees: called Fu-sang grew there, whose tender sprouts were eaten, whose fruit was like unto a ‘pear’ in shape but red, while from the bark of this tree the inhabitants prepared a sort of linen, and also ornamented stuffs.” All of which agrees remarkably with the Mexican maguey plant, or agave, which to-day precisely produces the same articles of every-day use for the lower classes of Old Mexico. During a recent visit to Arizona and the Sonora border, I have re- peatedly seen the agave plant, and coarse cloth made from its fibres, while its tender heart was eaten by the Apaches and other Indian tribes, and the Mexicans. Hoei-schin also stated that five beggar Buddhist monks went there in 458, and succeeded in enlightening the people there with the doctrines, writings, and images, of Buddha. He also describes the customs of the people he saw there, their products, and the domestic animals used ; that they had no knowledge of iron, but that gold, silver, and copper were not prized nor used as money; and that horses (?), oxen, and stags were harnessed to wagons, etc. [Proc. D. A. N.S., Vou. VI.] 4 {March 29, 1893.] ° 26 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. This original publication of De Guignes was violently attacked and criticised by Klaproth, yet it was again reaffirmed by Prof. Carl Neu- mann, professor of oriental languages at Munich, and again by Mr. Gustave d’Eichthal was defended and vindicated. I will not follow this question any further than to add that the confimation of this fact inas- much as it relates to Buddhist writings and remains, has not heretofore been proved; yet Buddhist images, or at least many strikingly resem- bling them, have been found in Old Mexico and Central America. Last fall I had the great pleasure of perusing Schliemann’s “TIlios,” published by Harpers in New York, and was wonderfully pleased with that singularly attractive work on ancient Troy, as revealed to him by his several years’ labor on the hill of Hissarlik near the ancient Scamander. Nothing, however, pleased me so much as the extraordin- ary similitude between the ancient flint and stone weapons and the pottery of the lowest pre-historical cities unearthed by Dr. Schlie- mann and those we have both found and seen not only in the val- ley “of the great Father of Waters which eddies by your beautiful town, but also in Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona. While comparing the forms of pottery well delineated in the illustrated cata- logue of the Bureau of Ethnology for 1881, drawn by Mr. W. H. Holmes, I was struck by the resemblance between Fig. 140 of the Ethnological Collection, pages 466-67, and the Buddhist signs of which ie Py = toe ee a See oy Va SG | | e Fig. 2. the Sanscrit name of Fig. 1 is “svastika,” a sign of good luck, meaning “to be well,” being No. 1 of the sixty-five auspicious signs of the foot- prints of the Hindoo God Buddha; while No. 2 represents a reversal of Fig. 1, the svastika, and ranks as the fourth sign of Buddha, and is called in Sanscrit “sauvastika.”. Dr. Schliemann is inclined to con- sider these figures, from the communication upon them from Max Mueller to him, as representing the vernal and autumnal sun. At all events, they were universally considered to be signs of good augury. Emile Burnouf thinks that these two signs represent the two pieces of wood which were laid crosswise before the altars to produce the sacred fire called “Ague,” the ends of which were bent “at right angles and BERTHOUD—PBUDDHISM IN AMERICA. tN ~ fastened by four nails.” In Fig. 140 of the Bureau of Ethnology we see “four dots also.’ ’ I have noticed portions of the “svastika” on fragments of pottery from New Mexico and Arizona, but as these fragments were imperfect I merely indicate this resemblace to stimulate further research in this curious matter. The figure 140 of the Ethnological Report, by Holmes, compares the shape as “of two rectangular tablets or slips, slit longitudinally and interlaced at right angles,” * * “lines are * * deeply incised.” The object was made of shell, and was found on Fain’s Island, Tennessee. Dr. Schliemann says these signs, the “svastika and sauvastika,” are found in Europe, Asia, and Africa; that they are the same as the “sign of life” written on the forehead, as mentioned in Ezekiel, chapter ix., verses 4-0. The universality of these signs cannot be ascribed to chance or the evolution of an imitation in ornament, and is suggestive in North America of a connection between their use and the rites, writimgs, and teachings of Hoei-schin and the other Buddhist missionaries in Mexico or California, which were finally, in the continual emigrations of the American tribes, their feuds and wars, scattered eastward by fragments of nations, or even whole emigrating tribes. Fig. 3 represents Fig. 140 of Ethnological Report of 1881. Fig. 3. Representing Fig. 140 from illustrated catalogue of Bureau of Ethnology, 188. i) > Pages 406, 467. W.H. Holmes.) While we present these facts to your attention as perhaps fit subjects for more critical examination and study by those who are more com. 28 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. petent to give a sound, critical opinion on such a momentous question, yet I would not have my friends of the Davenport Academy conceive that I give this subject simply as a curious coincidence, or as a piece of transcendental archeology. Believing the narration of the Chinese annals to be in the main part true, we cannot afford to entirely throw out any fact remotely bearing on this disputed point of Chinese dis- covery. We have certain evidence of the shipwreck of Chinese and Japanese ships upon the coast of Alaska, Oregon, and California as far back as nearly 150 years ago, so that the probability of the discovery of America’s west coast at an early date is not so impossible. This, coupled with the zeal so well known to have been elsewhere displayed by Buddhist missionaries lends inferentially a great deal of strength to the claim of the Chinese annals. This discovery admitted, then the singularity of the resemblance between the marks on the carved shell and the Buddhist signs of Figs. 1 and 2 remains simply to be shown as such, saving any direct evidence that proves the carving as merely con- ventional or the work of chance. Fig. 131 of the Report on Ethnology, 1881, gives a representation of a carved ornamental “shell gorget.” The description on page 467 calls the center figure ‘‘a conventionalized figure of an insect resembling a spider.” It may be that such was the idea of the carver, yet if we turn to Ilios, pages 337-338, and compare the figure of the Trojan “lead idol” and its description by Dr. Schliemann, there is a curious “ rap- prochement” between the navel and vulva marks of the “lead idol” © and the marks and triangular figure at the base of the carved figure on the shell gorget. Can all these singular affinities be relegated to chance or idle work? We cannot believe. CHAPMAN—ANCIENT GROOVED ROCKS IN ARKANSAS. 209 ANCIENT GROOVED ROCKS IN ARKANSAS. BY W. A. CHAPMAN. CLARK County, ARKANSAS, abounds in much that is of interest to those who are engaged in deciphering records of the once powerful race that peopled the Mississippi Valley in times so long past that the records of their presence have become so obscure and so intermixed with those of later Indian races as to render the decipherment of such existing data as have a bearing upon the origin, characteristics, and disappearance of the builders of the mounds an exceedingly difficult task. Of these features (relating to this departed race) now open to our inspection, there are probably none more worthy of our attention, nor more per- plexing in their nature, than the so-called incised or sculptured rocks. The rock which forms the subject of this paper is exposed to view on Sec. 18, Tp. 8, R. 22 W. (fifty feet from Gentry’s Mill). Its texture is that of a coarse micaceous sandstone, difficultly frangible. The surface where ungrooved is smooth. The exposure is triangular in shape, and is 12x75 feet in extent, its greatest length being nearly N. and S. The east side and portions of the north project above the valley of the spring branch from one to three feet. The north and east sides are covered by a slight elevation. The exposed surface of to-day is un- doubtedly much more extensive than when these groovings were made, as portions of the rock are so covered by these grooves as to render their forms obscure. The groups as figured in the diagrams are fac szmiles of the most striking forms seen upon the rock. ‘These, if taken singly, would ap- pear to have been designed as symbolical; but when taken collectively with the various interjacent figures (not shown in the diagram) this methodical arrangement and appearance of design vanishes, and the confusion which prevails demonstrates that the forms are accidental and that the groovings which form them were a secondary and un- sought for product of the labor of the artisan, whose sole endeavor had been to sharpen and polish his stone implements. Figs. 18 and 20 bear a marked resemblance to Fig. 6 as portrayed by T. H. Lewis in his “Ancient Rock Inscriptions in Eastern Dakota,” and there is also a 30 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. less marked, but evident, relation between other members of both series. This resemblance is restricted to form, the inscriptions on the Arkansas stone being, with few exceptions, of greater length, width, and depth. It is probable, however, that both series are resultant from the same cause, and owe their origin to the work of Mound Builders. The near vicinity of this rock is very prolific in relics and other inci- dental indications of populous villages of Mound Builders, whose selec- tion of this individual rock as a grindstone was due to its being the only exposure of rock of easy access having good abrading qualities; CHAPMAN—ANCIENT GROOVED ROCKS IN ARKANSAS. 31 and, without doubt, the same reasons led to the selection and _utiliza- tion of the rock described by Lewis, for the same purpose, by the Mound Builders of Dakota. Convinced that the nondescript character of the forms would preclude their being accepted as symbolical, I sought for some method of determining the truth or falsity of my sur- mises regarding the causes that,led to their origin. Selecting a scraper and placing myself in position upon the ground, I proceeded to go through the motions of shaping, sharpening, and polishing it, after the ame manner the Mound Builders must necessarily have followed in 32 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. order to give the implement its peculiar shape. The results of my labor were as follows: Length of stroke, ten inches; width of groove, two to two and one-half inches, the groove being deepest in the center of the stroke, where the greatest pressure was unavoidably brought to bear, and the ends sloping and rounded. Repeating the process with- out changing my position, a character corresponding to Fig. 3 was formed. Reversing the tool and resuming operations, Fig. 10 (having ends more acute than Fig 3) was reproduced. Next selecting a large circular or semi-oval implement, I proceeded with the grinding as in the other instances, being governed in my operations not by a desire to re- produce the forms upon the rock, but by the shape of the implement. The result of this last operation corresponds with Fig. 8, the whole bearing a close resemblance to the pictographs upon the rock, differing from them only in length and width, and that but slightly. It will be seen by inspection that the complicated forms are simply the result of a grouping of the two primary or simple forms of designs, as Figs. 4, 8, and 15. Several repetitions of these simple forms, from a central point, governed by such slight changes in his position as the laborer — would almost unconsciously assume for the purpose of rest or with a view to reach a fresh grinding surface, would naturally and almost un- avoidably result in the production of such forms as Figs. 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 16, and 17. Figs. 1, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19, and 20 are, perhaps, due to the efforts of several individuals laboring together. ‘That these markings are not incisions, but the result of abrasion, is evident from the regu- larity of the form, the rounded outline of the ends, and the smooth and sloping finish of the interior of each. Biographical Dketch — of — Charles Christopher Parry. 125 — 12890. PRESTON—BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DR. C. C. PARRY. 35 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DR. C. C. PARRY. BY ©. oH PRESTON, M. D. (Read before the Davenport Academy of Sctences, September 15, 1893.) ON the twentieth of February, 1890, there died at his pleasant home near this city, one to whom the Davenport Academy of Sciences was deeply indebted, and whose memory, fragrant and pure as the flowers he loved, it will ever cherish. At that time the working force of our Association had been almost paralyzed by recent sad losses; the publication of its PROCEEDINGS was for a time deferred, and so it happened that he who was always ready with an appreciative tribute to the memory of associate or friend, has waited thus long for an expression from this, his home Society, of the admiration and esteem which each and all of its members entertained for him. It is to be regretted that there was not found among us some co-laborer in his own field of botanical science to prepare a sketch of Dr. Parry’s life and work—an undertaking for which the writer is qualified only by warm personal friendship and long association in the affairs of this Academy. Deficiencies which must in consequence of necessity exist will, however, in part be made good by citations from those better qualified to speak. Charles Christopher Parry was born in the hamlet of Admington, Gloucestershire, England, August 28, 1823. Descended through a long line of clergymen of the Established Church, he was himself of a deeply religious nature, and rarely endowed with that poetic feeling and insight so apt to characterize the true naturalist. In 1832 the family removed to America, settling on a farm in Washington County, New York. Here the remainder of his boy- hood was passed, and, the advantages of the schools of the locality having been well improved, he entered Union College at Schenec- tady, and in due time was graduated therefrom with honors. He began the study of medical botany in his undergraduate years, and subsequently received the degree of Doctor of Medicine from Columbia College. 36 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Coming West and to Davenport in the fall of 1846, he entered upon the practice of his profession, but continued in it for a few months only, very soon discovering that all his natural tastes and instincts led directly away from the unreason, the too often self- inflicted ills, and the petty conflicts with which the active physician has perforce to deal—led him to the unvexed, blossoming solitudes where Nature, silent and orderly, works out her fair results. His earliest collecting had been done in the attractive floral region about his home in North-eastern New York, in the summer of 1842 and the four years following; and now again, attracted to this more congenial work, we find him employing much of the season of 1847 in making a collection of the wild flowers about Davenport, of which, with the dates of finding, he has left a manu- script list. Those of us who knew him well in after years can readily picture the brisk, dark- complexioned, though blue-eyed youth, symmetrically but slightly built and somewhat below the medium height, in his solitary quest by river side and deep ravine, over wooded bluff and prairie expanse, for the treasures which were more to him than gold —for such early friends as “the prairie primrose, the moccasin-flower, and the gentian,’’ which in later years he complained had been quite driven out by “the blue-grass and white clover.”’ In the course of that summer, also, he accompanied a United States surveying party, under Lieutenant J. Morehead, on an excur- sion into Central Iowa, in the vicinity of the present State capital. From this time on (except for a short time while connected with the Mexican Boundary Survey, when he discharged the duties of Assistant Surgeon), the physician was merged in the naturalist. He was almost continuously in the field collecting, but Davenport remained his home. Here, in 1853, he was married to Miss Sarah M. Dalzell, who, dying five years later, left with him an only child, a daughter. But she, too, a fair, unfolding flower, was claimed by death at an early age. In 1859 he was married again, to Mrs. E. R. Preston of Westford, Connecticut, who, through the more than thirty years of their union, entered helpfully into all his work and plans, assisting him in his study and often accompanying him to the field, and who is left to mourn the loss of one who, in every relation of life, was exceptionally unselfish and kind. Of his two brothers and six sisters only two remain, viz.: Joseph Parry and Mrs. Charles PRESTON—BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DR. C. C. PARRY. 37 Pickering, both of Davenport, beside a half sister, Mrs. Austin, residing in Arkansas. We are fortunate in possessing, in Dr. Parry’s own words (PRoOc., Vol. If., p. 279), a succinct, chronological account of his work up to 1878, which need not be repeated here. Suffice it to say that for more than thirty years the greater part of his time had been spent in observing and collecting —along the St. Peters and up the St. Croix; across the Isthmus to San Diego, to the junction of the Gila and Colorado, along the Southern boundary line and up the coast as far as Monterey; through Texas to El Paso, to the Pimo settlements on the Gila, and along the Rio Grande; in the mountains of Colorado, to which and to those of California he returned again and again in the pursuit of his special study, the Alpine Flora of North America; across the continent with a Pacific railroad surveying party by way of the Sangre de Christo Pass, through New Mexico and Arizona, through the Tehachapi Pass, through the Tulare and San Joaquin Valleys to San Fran- cisco; through the Wind River district to the Yellowstone National Park; in the Valley of the Virgen and about Mt. Nebo, Utah; about San Bernardino, California, and in the arid regions stretch- ing to the eastward; and in Mexico about San Luis Potosi, Saltillo, and Monterey. The winter of 1852-3 was spent in Washington, in the prepara- tion of his report as Botanist to the Mexican Boundary Survey; and the years from 186g to 1871 inclusive, while Botanist to the United States Agricultural Department, were also passed chiefly at the capital, employed in arranging the extensive botanical collec- tions from various government explorations, which had accumu- lated at the Smithsonian Institution. During this period, also, he visited, in his official capacity, the Royal Gardens and herbaria at Kew, England, and was attached as Botanist to the Commission of Inquiry which visited San Domingo early in 1871. The report of his observations in that island is a valuable summary of its chief botanical features, vegetable products, and agricultural capacities. His visit to Kew and the land of his birth was the beginning of a lasting friendship between himself and the eminent Sir Joseph Hooker, Director of the Gardens, who afterward in a congratula- tory letter dated February 27, 1877, calls him “already king of Colorado botany,” and expresses deep interest in the results of his explorations, then making, in Southern California. DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Ww ~~ Subsequent to 1878, the date of the autobiographical sketch before mentioned, his work, although arduous and important, may be briefly summed up as follows: In 1879, being called to the East by the illness and death of his father, he did little if any work in the field. In 1880, as special agent of the Forestry Department of the United States Census Office, he accompanied Dr. Engelmann and Professor Sargent in an expedition to the Valley of the Columbia and the far North- west. Wintering in California he spent the following year in that State, making numerous collecting trips North and South, including a trip to the Yosemite in June. Home again in the summer of 1882, he was busily employed for some months in arranging his collections and on work for our Academy PROCEEDINGS. In the fall of that year he returned to California, and passed the winter in San Diego. In January and February, 1883, he made two camping trips into Lower California; then, going to San Francisco, made numerous excursions from that point, and returned to Davenport in Septem- ber. In June, 1884, he sailed a second time for England, return- ing in August of the following year, after spending much time at Kew, and visiting other herbaria and gardens on the Continent. The summer of 1886 he spent partly with friends in Wisconsin, partly in the quiet enjoyment of his lowa home. But even when resting, his mind did not rest—his wonderfully voluminous cor- respondence went on, and the microscope filled in his otherwise leisure hours. Again the winter was passed in San Francisco, from which city he made numerous collecting trips as before. Remain- ing in California, chiefly in the vicinity of San Francisco, until September, 1888, he was busily employed making special collec- tions of Arctostaphylos and Ceanothus, and in the study of these and the Genus A/nus. His last visit to California was made in the spring of 1889. Returning to Davenport in July, he made a trip to Canada and New England, visited New York and Philadelphia, and returned to his home but a few weeks before his death. Most intimately connected with the botany of the Pacific Coast; ‘‘treading reverently in the steps of Chamisso, Douglas, Nuttall, and others of less note,” who, at such accessible points as San Diego, Santa Barbara, Monterey, and the mouth of the Columbia, had, at an early day, preceded him, he greatly extended their labors. ‘«None of the early investigators,” says a writer in the Century PRESTON—BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DR. C. C. PARRY. 39 Magazine (Oct., 1892), ‘‘was more typical than the late Dr. C. C. Parry, who first crossed the country with the Mexican Boundary Commission. At intervals, for forty years after, he was a familiar figure to hunters, prospectors, mountaineers, and all sorts of out- door people, from the Arizona deserts to the Siskiyou pine forests.” Dr. Parry was recognized as an authority by botanists every- where; not only in this country (where he ranked with the first) and in England, but on the Continent as well; and this notwith- standing the fact that he never published a book, had no ambition in the way of authorship, and left most of his discoveries to be described by others. His writings, though sufficient to constitute volumes, and comprising much of great scientific value, are scat- tered in fragmentary form through various government and society reports, scientific journals, and the daily press. A list, approxi- mately complete, will be published in connection herewith. In 1875 he was made a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, in which body his membership dates back to 1851. He kept up a corresponding membership in the Philadelphia, Buffalo, St. Louis, Chicago, and California Academies of Science, and was connected with various other organizations, among them the Philosophical Society of Washington, D. C., the Bay District Horticultural Society of California, and the State Historical Society of Iowa. Of our own Academy he was, from the start, a most active promoter and one of the main supports. Its welfare was a matter of constant solicitude with him, and to his valuable papers, published in our PROCEEDINGS, the Academy’s favorable recognition abroad is in great part due. Although absent in Arizona at the time of its organization, he was made a member of the first Board of Trustees, and continued in that capacity as long as he lived. On the resignation of our first President, Prof. Sheldon, in 1868, Dr. Parry was chosen to succeed him, and reélected again and again, until, in 1875, he declined longer to retain a place from which, and its duties, he must of necessity be much of the time absent. As a member of the Publi- cation Committee from its inception, his counsel and assistance were invaluable, as indeed they were, while he lived, in the Academy’s every undertaking. Wholly free from that jealous self-seeking which too often mars genuine merit, his relations with his fellow-workers, whether tyros or masters in the science, were always of the pleasantest. The 40 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. veteran botanist, Prof. John Torrey of Columbia College, to whose assistance and encouragement, from the time of their first acquaint- ance in 1845, he acknowledged himself deeply indebted, was his warm personal friend through life. Of their last living interview, which occurred in September, 1872, shortly before Torrey’s death ‘full of years and honors,” Dr. Parry writes in an obituary notice prepared for this Academy: ‘‘It was my privilege to entertain this distinguished guest at my rude botanical retreat in the heart of the Rocky Mountains. Here, in close proximity to my cabin, I could point out to him many of the living plants that he had described fifty years previously, from herbarium specimens, but had never before seen in their living beauty.” Owing to the early severity of the season at the time of this visit, Dr. Torrey was prevented from making the ascent of the peak to which his name had been given by his host and friend, although permitted “to gaze on its sky-pierc- ing summit and to snatch from its wintry slopes some late-grown floral mementos of his early labors.” Of this and its companion peak, Mt. Gray, Dr. Parry says: ‘‘In my first botanical exploration of the Rocky Mountain region of Colorado, in 1861, I applied the name of ‘Torrey and Gray’ to twin peaks which, from a distant view, had often attracted my attention. In the year following I succeeded in reaching the summit of the eastern peak, now well known as Gray’s Peak, and determined its elevation by barometric observation. Two years afterward, in 1872, I stood for the second time on the same elevation, accompanied by Prof. Gray himself and a large party of acquaintances. In response to some appro- priate resolutions on this occasion, Prof. Gray, pointing to the closely-adjoining western peak, expressed the earnest wish, sec- onded by all present, that it should continue to bear the name first affixed—of Mt. Torrey—in worthy commemoration of his early and valued scientific associate.” It was Dr. Parry’s pleasant privilege also to give its name to Mt. Guyot, in honor of his friend, Prof. Arnold Guyot of Princeton. His own name (bestowed by Surveyor-General F. M. Case) is borne by a peak of the Snowy Range, to the north-west of Empire City. Farther removed from the abodes of men, retiring yet not inconspicuous, it stands amongst its fellows, an enduring and a fitting monument to him whom his friends knew as ‘‘good Dr. Parry.” Not less close than with Torrey and Gray were his relations with PRESTON—BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DR, C. C. PARRY. 41 Dr. George Engelmann of St. Louis, whose death occurred in 1885. ‘Since my first acquaintance with him, in 1848,” he writes, ‘‘when I called on him at St. Louis before starting on my first exploring trip with Dr. D. D. Owen in the then Northwest, our friendly intercourse has been constant, and the letters received from him would make up a respectable volume. How much I owe to his wise counsels, his substantial encouragement, and not less to his sharp criticisms (always well-meant), I can now best realize by feeling their loss. He knew just what to look for, and, when seen, he also knew its significance in elucidating the system of nature.” This was not less true of Dr. Parry himself. Torrey, Gray, Engelmann, Parry! What were American botany but for these four co-laborers whose work and fame are inseparably interlinked ? Dr. Parry was essentially a field student, and the general accuracy of his conclusions is largely due to the fact that his observations were all made at first-hand: to this and to the thoroughness of his determinations, which were based on careful dissections of all acces- sible fruit, as well as of the flowering specimen; so that he was gener- ally able, as he declared, to discriminate species by the fruit alone. Industrious and indefatigable, ‘‘the bulk and value of his col- lections have probably not been equalled in America.” (I quote from the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club.) Beside con- tributing largely to the collections of his botanical friends and of various societies at home and abroad, he made for himself one of the finest private herbaria in the land, a collection, systematically classified and arranged, comprising over 18,000 determined speci- mens representative of nearly 6,800 species, together with some I,400 specimens determined only as far as the genus. But while himself thus chiefly occupied in collecting from untrodden heights and tangled wilds, he recognized ‘‘with respect and reverence” the magnitude of the task assumed ‘‘by those masters of botanical sci- ence who have taken upon their broad shoulders the burden of a systematic arrangement of the whole vegetable kingdom.” Appreciating the beautiful as he did wherever found, and espe- cially as embodied in floral and arboreal forms, Dr. Parry was yet, for a naturalist, markedly utilitarian. Wherever he went, in what- ever he did, his eyes were open to the practical. The plant, the tree which gave promise of usefulness was to him doubly interest- ing, and he spared no pains to obtain for such the recognition they [Proo. D. A. N.8., Vor. VI.] 6 {October 8, 1898. ] 42 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. deserved. To bring the Mexican rose into cultivation, for example, he made an extra trip into Lower California. He was at especial pains to introduce the remarkable Spzr@a c@spitosa or ‘‘tree-moss,” found in the Wasatch Mountains, of which he writes: ‘*The peculiar adaptation of this plant for ornamental rock-work can be appreciated by those who have seen it in its native haunts, and it is hoped that from plants and seeds somewhat copiously collected it may eventually find a much larger number of admirers in gardens devoted to this charming class of horticultural adornments.” Every region he explored was viewed not alone with the botanist’s searching eye, but was studied as well in its topographical and climatic aspects, as affecting its economic possibilities. Of his careful work in the field we have pleasant glimpses in the notes of his first Pike’s Peak expedition. At the close of each day’s toilsome journey we see the earnest student seated by the camp-fire, note-book in hand, tracing a map of the route just passed over and recoiding its general features—topographical, geological, botani- cal—in simple, terse narrative, with scarcely a word interlined or erased. As he said of his lamented young friend and associate, J. Duncan Putnam, who accompanied him on more than one toilsome expedition, ‘‘with him the truths of nature were serious matters.” The conscious possessor of a talent for observation, he used it reverently; taking careful account of what so many would have suf- fered to pass unseen or fade into forgetfulness. Nor was. he content to be simply receptive, but interrogated Nature continually. Often, intent on some all-absorbing quest, he would disappear from camp for a day or more at a time, still however, with the woods- man’s unerring instinct, reappearing safe and sound. Yet, curiously exemplifying the absorption of the naturalist in other than the affairs of his fellow-men, these notes contain no mention of his traveling companions, nor of any of the unique and interesting specimens of Western humanity with which he was continually coming in contact. The most warm-hearted, unassum- ing, and genial of men; one whose learning and humility were alike delightful, whose nature reflected the sweetness of the flowers he loved, and who was welcomed to every fireside; one of whom, as of Agassiz, it may truly be said: «t where’er He met a stranger, there he left a friend,” he yet made no study of man as man, caring only for hearty com- panionship, the warm greeting, and fervent God-speed. or Baht URS rea eRaeticLs. PRESTON—BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DR. C. C. PARRY. 43 Deeply affectionate, almost extravagantly fond of children, and with a sense of humor which often sparkled in his home conversa- tion, he was yet so reticent that only the intimate few were aware of thesé traits in his character. With no expensive habits and almost no wants save knowledge, he looked on money as of value chiefly for the amount of this it could procure and diffuse. De- voted not only to his own special study but to Natural Science in general as a too much neglected part of the great educational field, he lost no opportunity to support its claims as against the dull abstractions of unused tongues and all exclusively text-book in- struction. Of his scientific achievements I will leave those to speak who shared in and were conversant with his labors. Prof. J. G. Lemmon—with whom he explored the San Bernardino Valley, and in whose pleasant home, in the quietude of his herba- rium, Dr. Parry’s last days in California were spent—after paying a feeling tribute to the memory of his friend, thus sums up his western coast work: « 4% % i" w My \ y | Dany, g ye HPrangiul FIG. 7. three long mounds in the group (Fig. 7). A mile west of this group, on the same elevation, is a large animal effigy. — Two miles east, on the end of the same ridge, are two embankments, each about 40 yards long.——A great system of mounds exists STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAOLOGY OF IOWA. 7 DusuQguE County—Continued. on the ridge separating the Mississippi and Turkey Rivers. The ridge is never more than a mile in width and is usually narrow ; it rises two hundred to three hundred feet above the river level. Mounds, extending in a line toward the north-west for about six miles, occur upon it; they number more than forty, and comprise simple conical mounds, embankments, and effigies. This group was the one upon which McGee made his special metrological study. Hermann 2"! reports a fine double-grooved stone axe, 10 or 12 inches long, from a mound near Catfish Creek, and a nearly transparent quartz spear-head 7 to 8 inches long. EMMETT COUNTY. | Aldrich t mentions a line of thirteen large mounds, extending north and south, upon a high river terrace; they are from 11% to 6 feet in height; no exact location is assigned. FLoyp Country. Webster has pursued studies here with much care, and reports the results in several important papers. Near Charles City **7 is a large and very interesting group of thirty-one mounds. ‘They lie, with one exception, near the centre of Sec. 26, Twp. 96, R. 16 W., about two miles north- west of Charles City (the one exception is near the centre of S.-W. 4% Sec. 23). Twenty- eight of them are in a nearly straight line running 20° W. of N., on the summit of a low, broad ridge. The topography is shown by the diagram. (Fig.8.) Vo. r. ‘The southernmost; largely natural elevation; no finds; 63 feet long, 48 feet wide, 3 feet high. 2. Seventy-one feet west ; circular, 21 feet in diameter and 1% feet high. j. Fifteen feet north-west ; circular, 20 feet in diameter and 2 feet high. 72 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. FLoyp County— Continued. *g. Ten feet from last; large, curved mound, 163 feet long on outer curve; 20 to 25 feet wide, 2% to 3 feet high; tapers and decreases in height toward the north-west, where it is only 8 feet wide and 1% feet high; near this end is an extension of the mound —a spur 27 feet long, rapidly diminishing in height and width to 1 foot and to feet; apparently a natural mound, modified ; no remains. 5. Three hundred feet from No. 4; circular, 21 feet in diam- eter, 114 feet high. 6. Two hundred feet distant; circular, 21 feet in diameter, over 1% feet high. (There is an illy-defined mound between Nos. 5 and 6, not shown on the diagram.) 7. One hundred or more feet from No. 6, and like it. : 8, Fifty feet distant; circular, 45 feet in diameter and 3 feet a a Oa high. *g. Ten feet distant; 30 feet in diameter, 21% feet high. *70. ‘Twelve feet from No. 9; circular, 36 feet in diameter and 3 feet high; no finds. *7z. Four feet distant; circular, 45 feet diameter, 24% feet high. *72. ‘Twelve feet distant; like No. 11, but slightly smaller. 13. Fifteen feet from No. 12; circular, 45 feet diameter and 2 feet high. *7g. Sixteen feet from No. 13; circular, 51 feet in diameter, 1% feet high. *75. ‘Ten feet distant; circular, 30 feet in diameter, 134 feet high. *76. Sixteen feet distant; of same character. 77 ‘Three feet distant; circular, 25 feet in diameter, 1% feet high. *78. ‘Twenty feet distant; circular, 42 feet in diameter, 2% feet high; homogeneous structure. *79. ‘Twenty feet from No. 18; same measurements. *20. ‘Twenty-one feet distant; like last. *27. ‘Twenty-five feet distant ; circular, 30 feet in diameter, 2 feet high. *22. ‘Thirty feet distant; of same size. * Opened by Webster. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 73 FLtoyp County— Continued. *237. ‘Twenty-five feet distant; circular, flattened, 30 feet in diameter, 1 foot high. Koy. Twenty-five feet distant; circular, 45 feet in diameter, 1% feet high. *a5. Twenty feet distant; circular, 45 feet in diameter, 3 feet high; a few scattered fragments of charcoal and burnt clay ; the whole is packed hard. *26. Fifty-three feet distant; 33 feet ‘in diameter, 3. fear high; a few small bits of oak charcoal. 27. Five feet distant; same form but smaller. 28. Forty feet distant; circular, 24 feet diameter, 1 foot high. Several mounds in this group yielded interesting results, thus: No. 9. From 20 inches and downward pottery fragments were found. On the natural surface of the ground was a bundle of human arm and leg-bones, lying east and west; on the east end of these was a crushed and somewhat separated cranium, some parts very thick, with large and strong teeth; these parts pertained to a young adult.———— Two feet north-east of this was a similar bundle, directed a few degrees south of east; on the east end of this bundle lay part of a crushed skull; these somewhat charred. A few feet south-east a similar bundle, directed 13° south of east; no skull. A few feet north-west of the first bundle, another, lying east and’ west, without skull Evidence of fire, bits of charcoal, burned clay, and heated limestones scat- tered through mound.——— A former exploration had removed a skull and some bone-bundles. ——— All the bones in the mound show some evidence of calcination, but all but second bundle apparently burned e/sewhere. No. rz. At to inches depth, and slightly east of the centre, a piece of broken pottery and a few small fragments of charcoal. No signs of fire built here. No. 12. Numerous pieces of hard-burned clay from outside scattered through it. At 10 inches part of a calcined femur. No signs of fire. No. r4. In centre, at 10 inches depth, an imperfect dog’s (?) skull, facing the south-west. Near this skull and 7 inches below it were five quite closely-associated bundles of leg and arm-bones; in three cases crushed skulls were on the west end of bundles, * Opened by Webster. 74 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. FLoyp Counry—Continued. and one skull lay between two of them; under the west end of the north bundle was half of a lower jaw, retaining teeth; the skull between the bundles was on its right side, with mouth open, facing the north-west; the teeth were (some of them) scattered through the soil; all the bundles lay directed in an east, north-east, or south-east direction. Seven inches below the dog’s skull were pieces of ribs and other small bones promiscuously thrown in. All the skulls were rather thick, with large and strong jaws and teeth. Some of the bones were of aged persons, but Fiete: most were of young adults.———Scattered Diagram of Mound No. 14. through the mound were numerous pieces of burned clay and charcoal from outside. ———- Six inches from surface two large slabs of water-worn Devonian limestone. The human remains had all been subjected to heat before burial here. (Fig. 9.) No. 76. Human leg and arm-bones apparently thrown in promiscuously, at 17 inches depth. No fire here. No. rg. An adult skeleton, at length, with head 11° south of east, found at depth of original surface. The body had been placed on its back, head on its left side, mouth open about an inch, left shoulder drawn up, and chin resting on clavicle; the arms at sides. Cranium large, well formed; jaws strong; teeth large, strong, and much worn; bones poorly preserved. ——— No trace of fire; no relics.———— Earth around and for 1% feet above body hard-tamped. No. 20. In centre, at 26 inches in depth, three bundles of long bones, five crushed skulls, two decayed pelvic bones. In the midst of these bones a very rude but nearly perfect pottery vessel, upright. The bones represent all ages, but were poorly preserved and more or less calcined —some before and some after being placed here.———— Charcoal, burned clay, and potsherds with the remains.——— Soil above and around bones packed hard. No. 27. Within was found a circular, oval mound of red, burned clay, of about 10 feet diameter and 1 foot in height. Its STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 75 FLoyp County—Continued. surface was at a depth of about 1 foot. Under this, and nearly central, were three bundles of bones, two directed 11° east of south, the third one north-west and south-east; on the north end of the two former reposed crushed skulls; on the south-east end of the third was also a crushed skull. —— Many other human bones were associated with the bundles. All had been more or less burned... No charcoal, ashes, etc. (Fig. 10.) BiG.) 10, No. 22. At 2 feet depth, near the centre, a bundle of bones and part of a skull, all much decayed. The bundle lay north- east and south-west. ——— Pieces of oak charcoal and burnt clay from outside were scattered through the mound. —No fire here. Soil around and above had been beaten hard. No.. 24. At 3 feet south of the centre a bundle of bones lying due east and west; two skulls lay, one on each end of this bundle; the one on the east was large, of moderate thickness, with very low forehead abruptly sloping backward; teeth large, strong, much worn. [N. B.—A later study of the locality showed two curious mounds in the neighborhood of the mound No. 4 (see diagram). Nearly to the east, 4 or 5 feet distant, was an elliptical mound, 30 feet long, 24 feet wide, 2 feet high. Still { i further east, 24 feet from No. 4, isa long mound A i) 81 feet in length, 15 feet at base, and 2 feet Z = : high. (Fig. 11.)————Several small, circular FIG. 11, mounds, from 8 to ro feet in diameter, run in a north by north-west line from the elliptical mound. | Three isolated mounds occur in the neighborhood of this group: (a) One-third of a mile north-west of the line of mounds; it is circular, 20 feet in diameter, and only 6 inches (originally 1% feet) high. It is situated upon a higher and narrower ridge than the group, and at forty rods distance from an abandoned part of the channel of the Cedar River. At 6 inches below the original surface was much broken pottery, charcoal, two sinkers, 76 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. FLtoyp County— Continued. an arrow-head, and flint chips; all of these were burned after being placed here; 1 foot below the pottery were parts of a human skeleton. An earlier explorer found pottery and a good net-sinker. ———— The pottery found showed a combination of net and basket and separate cord markings; the vessels were in some cases smoothed, all were of moderate thickness, of a reddish yellow color, and made of clay, fine gravel, and powdered gran- ite. Parts of six vessels were found; one of the largest and best reconstructed had a diameter at mouth of 201% cm.; a maximum diameter of 31 cm.; a height of 16 cm. The neck was sharply constricted. Several of the six vessels had a similar form. About six feet north-east of the mound is a depression 10 feet in diameter and 1% feet deep, whence the material may have been taken. Along the abandoned river channel, forty rods north- west of the mound, broken pottery, some unlike that from the mound, is found on the lower and level space; also arrow-points, lance-points, drills, flint chips, hammers, etc. (6) One-half mile north-east of last, on the end of the brow of the ridge near the Cedar River. ‘The mound is circular, with diameter of 20 feet and height of 2 feet. It was long since opened, and yielded pottery fragments. Other relics have been found near by—very rude arrow-heads; a spear-head; a fine knife of milky quartz, 734 cm. long, 3 cm. wide, and tapering toward each end; a beautifully symmetrical ovate plummet, with a longitudinal groove about it—length, 514 cm., diameter, 514 cm. (c) Opposite Vo. 7g, on the second ridge, west of the line of mounds. It measured from north to south 42 feet; from west to east 30 feet; 1 foot high. About 3 feet from the base of the north-east part of the mound is a saucer-shaped depression, about 22 feet in diameter and 1 foot deep; a long, shallower depression exists along the whole east side; these spots apparently supplied the material for the mound. At 1 foot below the original sur- face, near the north-eastern part of the mound, were several leg and arm-bones and part of a calcined skull carelessly placed. Five feet south of here were remains of a second body, with the leg-bones and arm-bones more completely calcined; in general the long bones lay north and south; they had apparently been calcined elsewhere ; a few pieces of charcoal, potsherds, and flint chips were found near the surface. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF IOWA. 77 FLroyp County— Continued. One-third of a mile south of the line of mounds, at a lower level, were several other round mounds which were not explored. Fight miles north-east from Charles City, on the S.-W. 1% N.-W. 4% Sec. 36, Twp. 96, R. 15, an ancient earthwork lies on the east side of the is Little Cedar River. The country is broken and irreg- Fourtrtcariton. SS q ular; the earthwork is about Wacpn Roan. ~{ one hundred and fifty feet mon Sen UN eS TI ls GUN Ros tats ata te Mn Sy, - ; pa == from an abandoned channel AvanponeD CHANNEL OF L.C.R. i ; of the river, and about the FLOOD PLANE LirrTre Crparn Bivr. same distance from a ravine s = on the south-east, tributary FIG. 12. to the Little Cedar: the beds of these channels are 18 to 20 feet below the fortification. The earthwork is 124 feet long, 16 feet wide at base, 234 feet high ; it is composed of ordinary soil; it trends 17° W. of N. Arrow- heads are not uncommon in the neighborhood. © (Fig. 12.) In the ‘‘d2¢ woods’’ on the west side of the Little Cedar, seven miles below the above locality, are three mounds of drift bowlders and soil. ‘They are 2% feet high, 2 feet wide, and from 4 to 7 feet long. ; Two miles north-west of Charles City is a group of four Indian graves on high, dry ground, north from a small creek. They are close together; three extend north-east and south-west, while the other is north and south; three are graves of adults and are 7 feet long, while the other is that of a child and is 31% feet long. They are perhaps Winnebago graves. One-fourth mile west- south-west is a grave where a Winnebago was buried in 1849— 1850. Wrapped in his blanket he was laid out at length, extend- ing north-east and south-west, on a level space back from a creek. Slabs of green wood 3 feet long were placed over his body in an inverted V-shape, meeting at the top. The ends of the enclosure were covered over with other slabs. At the head was a post of green wood, 6 inches in diameter, driven into the ground; this post was peeled and bore characters. A tight log crib was built about this enclosure; it was of green logs laid up in log-cabin (Proc. D. A. N.8., Vou. VI.) 10 {April 16, 1895. ] 78 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. FLoyp County— Continued. fashion, and measured 1o feet in length, 7 feet in width, and more than 3 feet in height; other logs were tightly fitted over the top. — One mile below the last locality, on the south bank of the Cedar River, were several graves of Winnebago children. The bodies had been placed on the ground and enclosed on all sides by 12-inch logs; the space was then filled up with earth, which was heaped up 13 inches or so (Webster #58). Webster also describes ‘85a group of three mounds on the west side of Cedar River, one-half mile east of Floyd. ‘They are sit- uated on a high, level space, 50 feet above and 220 yards back from the stream, midway between two points; they form a slightly curved line. They are low, circular, and separated from each other by intervals of about 20 feet. The largest and easternmost mound is about 30 feet in diameter, and was once 2 feet high; the smallest is perhaps natural. In the largest were five well- preserved skeletons. The structure of the mound shows that the surface had first been excavated into a basin shape to a depth of 334 feet; the basin was then macadamized with gravel and frag- ments of limestone; on the center of this floor the five skeletons had been placed in a sitting position, facing north, and with the feet drawn under the body ; a thin layer of earth was piled above them, then 9 inches of earth and ashes in which were a few bits of fine-grained charcoal; the remaining four feet was nearly all red from heat; the whole material was rammed or pounded hard ; FIG: 12. the soil about the bodies was deeply stained from decomposition. The westernmost skeleton was that of a woman of middle age; six inches east of it was an infant’s skeleton; to the north, and close by the babe, was the skeleton of a large, middle-aged man; skeletons of two young adults lay east and south of the babe. The woman was apparently of low grade, and well muscled; the STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 79 FLoyp County—Continued. skull was markedly neanderthaloid (Fig.12); the forehead was low; the inner portion of the brow-ridges was prominent ; the skull was small; from the lower part of the nasal bones to the upper mar- gin of the orbits was but 4 cm.; the distance from orbit to orbit, midway between their upper margins and the lower part of the nasal bones was 234 cm. Most of the skulls were crushed; one jaw had teeth well preserved. The skull of the babe was very thick ; the teeth were small. The man was nearly six feet high; the crowns of his teeth were much worn down.———— This mound appears to be very ancient; the limestone fragments in the floor are much decomposed. A small mound near /V/oyd is reported to have yielded a skel- eton. !54 A peculiar mound is described by Webster,'*7 in a low, level spot at about the centre of the S.-E. 4% Sec. 5, Twp. 95, R. 17 N., one-half mile west from /Ylood Creek. It is 16 feet in diam- eter and 1 foot high; circular at base, it is flat-topped, except a rounded ridge 8 or to inches high and 1 foot wide at the outer edge of the surface area. A trench 1o inches deep and 1 foot wide is around the base. The mound is overgrown with trees. The structure of the mound was found to be— (a) Decomposed vegetation and earth. (6) Charcoal layer. (c) Bed of ashes. (d) Soil. This order was repeated; the natural surface then reached showed no particular evidence of strong heat; the charcoal, in large pieces and well preserved, appears to be of poplar wood; no bones or relics were found (Fig. 13). FIG. 13. The same author "88 describes a grave on low, dry ground in Carman’ s Woods, near the meeting of the Beaver Dam Brook and Shellrock River, one-half mile north of Rockford. The grave was 7 feet long, 214 feet wide, 114 feet high, and 3 feet deep; it « 80 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. FLoyp County— Continued. is excavated through soil down to the limestone; through the centre of the grave, running lengthwise from bottom to top, is a line of limestone slabs set edgewise ; these slabs are from 2 to 3 inches thick; the lowest foot of depth in the graves was filled with fragments of limestone; the rest was filled with slabs of limestone set obliquely with the higher edge against the central partition; the upper slabs were so heavy as to require a man’s full strength in their removal. There were no remains and FIG. 14. no relics (Fig. 14). HAMILTON Country. Aldrich * reports that in 1857 or 1858 an excavation at Wed- ster €ity revealed, at two feet depth, a heap of human bones representing at least twenty-six persons; one skull was very large and thick; round beads of soft stone were also found.—— On a knoll in the south-east part of the town three skeletons were found at a depth of thirty inches. ——— North of the town plat are five undisturbed mounds. ‘They are located on a bluff some forty feet above the Boone River, and extend in a north-east and south-west line; the earth for the mounds was taken from north of the group.— A mile from the town there has been found a polished stone tablet, about 214 inches square and ¥ inch thick; drilled with two holes on upposite sides. A mound north-west of Cairo Lake is reported by Bonney.*74 HarpDIn County. A stone carving representing a human head is said to have come from a well excavation in this county ;37 the depth reported is thirty-nine feet. Henry County. It is said '5 that there are many mounds in the county ; Mans- field © mentions some near Mount Pleasant. Banta and Garretson '5 investigated a group of nine mounds at the Szake Den, three miles west of Salem. They report as follows: (a) ‘Twenty feet in diameter, 8 feet high ; no remains. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHA0OLOGY OF IOWA. 81 Henry County—Continued. (6) Some sixty feet from (a); 20 feet in diameter and very low; flat rocks were found above a large quantity of broken and, in some cases, burned bones. (¢) Some sixty feet from (4); 3 feet high; one skeleton, extended, between two flagstones; the head was toward the north; bones were badly decayed. (d@) Sixty feet from preceding; 20 feet in diameter; 3 feet high; three badly decayed skeletons, extended, with heads to the north. (e) Sixty feet distant; 20 feet in diameter and 5 feet high; smooth, flat rocks were found, laid in an elongate hexagonal form; stones were set edgewise about the border; at five feet depth were two extended skeletons with heads north. (/) At sixty feet distance; 30 feet in diameter; 5 feet high; not opened. (g) At sixty feet distance; 20 feet in diameter; 5 feet high; a few bones were found. (A) At sixty feet distance; 30 feet in diameter; 5 feet high; is sazd@ to have contained a rude stone vault, with badly decayed human skull, etc.; the bodies were buried, perhaps, in a sitting (?) position; a sandstone mortar and arrow-points were found here. (¢) At sixty feet distance; 5 feet high; no contents. These mounds are in’a right line; (@) is at the western end. Van Allen "8? reports mounds situated in Sec. 34, Twp. 72, R. 7 W. ‘Three in number, they are upon a hill 120 feet high, 1,000 feet long, and more than 300 feet wide. One was opened and yielded a quantity of bones, teeth, and charcoal; some of the sticks were but half burned; the bones were in a heap; some were charred, and more than one individual was represented by them; one pinkish-white arrow-head was found.——— The meas- urements of these mounds are: (@), 50x41 feet; (4), 43 x 49 feet; (¢), 40 x 40 feet; (4) was one hundred and seven feet from (a), and (c) was fifty feet from (4); the mounds ranged from 4% to 3 feet in height Two mounds about 1 foot high lie south of (¢). Jackson County. Gass, ® without assigning locality, mentions in this county a very large, oval mound, 200 feet by roo feet, (with circumference 82 DAVENPORT ACADFMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Jackson County— Continued. of 700 feet), and 30 to 35 feet high; the sides have a very steep slope, 70°; the top is flat, oval, measuring about 30x 50 feet. The mound is situated on a bottom, near the bank of a creek, in a deep ravine. Excavation to a depth of 12 to 14 feet yielded pieces of hematite, some of which were burned, and two arrow- heads.———In another paper © the same author describes a mound of simple construction, with a diameter of 30 feet anda height of 4 feet. A few feet from the surface were found a num- ber of irregularly-scattered stones and pieces of wood; at 5 feet a quantity of ashes, with burned bones, fragments of dark-colored pottery, two knives of copper, and a copper spear-head.— —A human skeleton was found in a ditch excavation; near it were three ornaments of rolled copper, an arrow-head, and a bit of blanket. With no other location than ‘‘ Mr. Heisig’s farm,’’ the same author ®9 describes a group of three mounds, arranged in an equi- lateral triangle, in an open, level field; they are about 15 feet in diameter and 3 feet high. Structure: (@) consists of hard mixed soil to a depth of 2 feet below the original surface ; (4) consists of 3 feet of light earth, then 2 feet of mixed earth; (c) is like (az) in all respects————A similar group in number, size, ar- rangement and construction is mentioned as near Fazrfield. One mile from Sfragueville, on a hill near a creek is a mound composed of light earth, 15 to 20 feet in diameter and a few feet high; at 4 feet depth a human jaw-bone was found. This mound is also mentioned in 74. In Jowa Township, four miles below the mouth of the Maquo- keta and one-half mile from the Mississippi, on the Thomas Boothby farm, near ‘‘The Point,’’ is a group of nine mounds ; the land rises abruptly from the river; the mounds are in a single row; four of them have been examined by Mr. J. W. Boothby with the following result: 89 (a) The furthest up the river; an elongated pyramid 5 feet high; the remains of seven skeletons were found ; all were lying on their backs, three with heads east, four.with heads west; un- under the skull of one of the latter was a thin copper crescent; above the skeletons were three or four large-stones ; on the floor of the mound, 4 feet north of the centre, was an earthen vessel STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 83 “ Jackson County— Continued. bottom-side up; this was destroyed in removing it, but measured about 25 inches in circumference and 4 inches in depth ; under it was a wo perforated near the hinge; numerous pieces of scat- tered charcoal were found in the mound. (6) Wo. gin the series; is conical in form and about 60 feet in diameter and 5 feet high. It contained thirty-one skeletons, mostly with heads south and feet north, although there was no careful arrangement ; a number of stones were above the bodies ; on and below the cervical vertebree of two of the skeletons were one hundred and sixty copper beads ; in three of these beads the cord of woody fibre was still preserved ; with one of the piles of beads were eight perforated bear’s teeth ; a flint spear-head, 83 inches long, lay among the ribs of one skeleton; numbers of small, fresh-water bivalve shells were found. (c) Vo. 6 in the series ; it had about the same dimensions as the last, but was perhaps a little higher. Near the level of the original surface were four skeletons; a fifth, probably intrusive, was at a depth of one foot. ‘The latter was in a bed of ashes, and the bones were blackened and charred. (d) Vo. 7 in the series; contained one skeleton which was entirely and closely covered with rocks; charcoal and burned stones were above and outside of this rock covering. At Bellevue, White 19° examined a shell-heap which was com- posed of the shells of eleven species of Uuco and one species of Alasmodonta,; the bones of deer and buffalo, potsherds, and flint arrow-heads were found. At Saéu/a, on the Mississippi River, a shell-heap contained shells of ten species of Unio, the bones of deer, wild goose, snapping-turtle, soft-shelled turtle, catfish, sheephead, and various undetermined fragments. Coarse potsherds, with bits of pounded shell in the paste, were found.——— These two shell-heaps show the mode of cooking in use among the makers; small pits were dug in the bank soil; these were 14-yard wide and of the same depth; the sides and bottom show action of fire; these are closely filled with shells and bones; charcoal occurs; in the original article White gives a list of the species represented, and estimates the age of the heaps at a minimum of two hundred years. 84 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. JEFFERSON COUNTY. Negus '°3 describes an iron cross, which at an early date was planted on a sandstone bluff overlooking the Cedar River; near by is a series of mounds 25 to 50 feet in diameter, and 3 to 5 feet high. JoHNnson County. Webster "9 reports that there are at least one hundred mounds known along the Iowa River in this county. There are two classes: (a) The more common; circular, with round or flattened top; from 12 to 24 feet in diameter, and from 1¥% to 3 feet high. (4) Long and narrow; sometimes forming an extension of mounds of the first type; from 12 to 13% feet wide; from 1% to 2 feet high. In detail he describes: Five miles north of /owa City: Group of eighteen mounds in a slightly curved line, upon summit of a high, narrow ridge be- tween the Iowa River and Sanders Creek. HG: 05. No. Width. Lgth. Ht. Direction. Dist. 2 From—to— — Nw ON ey eal > Oo CON AUIS WN 4 ISS i alicia) aaa PISS eal 8 WWNHENWHNNNNNHWNNDN Omer ionsor ws ALZZAAZ omen Vo. r. (Southernmost.) Skeleton, adult, seated; small, an- imal-shaped vessel of pottery. Vo. 2. Bones of a child. These and last badly preserved. Most of the series contain bone fragments, and many have a layer of charcoal and ashes a few inches above the human re- mains; also, small stones somewhat burned. Wo. rr. An arrow-point, flint-chips, small boulders. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAOLOGY OF IOWA. 85 Jounson County— Continued. No. 6. A circular mound with long oval mound attached. No relics. No. 12. Somewhat like Vo. 6. Unexplored. The general material of all is yellow, homogeneous loéss, with dark earth above. No dug holes in the neighborhood. All are wooded. Davis,4° apparently in reference to this same group, states that when skeletons were found they were usually sitting, or lying i aaeee| down with legs bent as if for sitting; the skeletons ; were covered with wood a ashes from 1 inch to 1% imechess deep; .ome male adult cranium was small, although the upper jaw was very large.——— In this reference a clay vessel or jug is said to have been found with a child’s skel- eton (cf. Webster’s mound Vo. 1?) This vessel is de- scribed here and also by How. 79 It is grayish- black, with a round body 3 inches in diameter; on one side is a circle with two cross-lines and some dots; the top part narrows to a neck and is developed to resemble a turtle’s beak ; | aspout or aperture on one Fic. 16. side has about the diame- ter of a man’s finger; the material is pounded stone with clay ; the vessel is hard-burned, and is rough and unglazed. On the other side of the valley and further down is a group of five round mounds upon a high ridge.*89 At the mouth of Turkey Creek is a circular mound on the brow of a limestone cliff 1oo feet high.™9 (Proo. D. A. N.§., Vou. VI.] lt {April 23, 1895.] 86 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. JoHNson County— Continued. Near the mill one-half mile north of Iowa City are two series of lines of circular mounds upon the top of a high, narrow ridge; the mounds are 20 to 21 feet in diameter and 30 feet apart; in their arrangement they follow the form of the ridge.*59 One-half to three-fourths of a mile north-west of the mill there are from fourteen to sixteen long and circular mounds; many have been plowed away.*89 White "3 mentions mounds along the bluffs of the lowa River between Iowa City and Columbus Junction (Louisa County); he particularly mentions a numerous group just below the mouth of the English River; these may be in Washington County —not in Johnson. KEoKUK COUNTY. LEE Bassett *©2 describes stone and copper implements from Keo- kuk County.——— Morgan * 27° reports the finding of pottery at a depth of 20 inches in a mound near Richland; the mound ° was 250 feet in base circumference and 2 feet high; some of the vessels were very large and shaped like “a common dinner-pot ;”’ around the rim was, frequently, a narrow band divided into tri- angular spaces filled with parallel lines running vertically and horizontally in alternate triangles. These largest vessels are said to have been g feet in circumference, and to have contained human bones. Counry. Myers 98 reports mounds near Wever and /ollyville ; one near the latter place is on the property of John Junge; one in Lay- ton’s meadow had a diameter of 32 feet, a length of 50 feet, and a height of 7 to 9 feet.————The same author reports on the Myers Farm, Green Bay Township, some fifteen or twenty mounds; there are others on adjoining farms. All are oval, 12 to 30 feet in diameter, and 2 to 7 feet high; some yielded flint, pottery, and human or animal bones; some of the human bones were charred or burned. ——In one mound thirty-two skele- tons were found, sitting, in limestone vaults made by setting slabs on edge and covering them over with other slabs ; some of these slabs weigh 250 to 275 pounds; no limestone beds are nearer than one and one-half miles. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF IOWA. 87 LEE County— Continued. Six miles north of /ort Madison, according to Negus,' are mounds go feet by 15 feet. They are described as divided into compartments, each occupied by a skeleton, seated, with heads on knees; articles of flint, stone, and bone were buried with them; bones of animals and birds and charcoal were found; the floors, sides, and roofs of the compartments were of limestone slabs. This is apparently the same locality as the preceding. Negus 14 and Norris '74 mention mounds at or near Montrose. The latter author also mentions some near the junction of the Des Moines and Mississippi Rivers. ‘Thomas 22" states that these last contained only’decayed human bones, potsherds, and stone chips; some yielded articles of intrusive burial. LINN COUNTY. Starr *+ describes a shell-heap in West Cedar Rapids, on a knoll near the Cedar River. ‘The layer of shells is almost 1 foot thick; it is overlaid by dark soil and underlaid by sand. Ovo metanevrus, U. alatus, and U. rugosus were recognized; one or two bone fragments, flint chips, and potsherds were found; also two flint implements at surface. Bettisworth 22 locates several mound groups near Cedar Rapids. The list is as follows: Number of Group. , Location. Mounds. if N.-W. &% S.-W. 4 Sec. 35, Twp. 83, R. 7. Er. 2 S: % ».-H- \% Sec. 16, Twp. 83, R. 7. 14. Ce Sa NiW. 7 Sec. 16, Twp. 83, R.7- ig te 4. N.-W. 4 N.-E. Y% Sec. 17, Twp. 33; R. 7. Ey Be N21, N--W. % Sec. 20, Twp. 33,.R- 7. ane: 6. E. % Sec. 18, Twp. 83, R. 7. LE. Ge W.% sec. 18, Twp. 83, R- 7- il. 8. N.-W. 4 N.-W. ¥% Sec. 24, Twp. 83, R. 7. Lo. Group 1 is situated upon a divide crest running north and south; the mounds are about 30 feet in diameter and 3 feet high; usually they are separated by about two diameters; counting from the south, numbers 6 and 7 are nearer together. Groups 2, 3, 5, and 6 are quite similar to 1. Group 4 is on a bottom instead of upon a divide. In group 7 there are eight mounds in line, then a valley, and then three more mounds on the next 88 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Linn County— Continued. ridge north. Group 8 comprises twelve mounds on the crest of a divide passing around the head of a ravine; the line follows the curve of the divide. Louisa COUNTY. Gass © states that groups of mounds are thickly scattered along the bluffs overlooking the Mississippi Bottom for many miles. Quite extensive investigations have been carried on in Grandview Township by Gass and Blumer.?3 The descriptions lack definiteness ; a carefully made map of the district is desirable. Sec. 11 (Wagner Farm). Gass 7! locates here a group of thirty- six mounds; the largest are 6 feet high. Many had been pre- viously opened with no results ; he opened seven. (a). At 6 feet down an ash-bed was found, with fragments of pottery and two implements of igneous rock. (4). The largest of the group; at 6 feet down, on the east side, was a large piece of limestone with a few pieces of pottery upon it, with an arrow-head, and a clay figure of a human head an inch in diameter and showing action of fire; on the west side was a piece of limestone with a small stone axe and a discoidal stone near it. In the other five nothing was found. Sec. 13. Gass 7! explored two mounds in this section; they were about 4 feet in height. (a). Bed ofashes containing bits of pottery and flints was found. (4). Yielded potsherds. A group of ten or more mounds occurs in the north-east cor- ner of the north-west quarter of the section, on Viblen’s Farm. Gass ®3 explored four of these with some result: (a). Thirty feet in diameter; 3 feet high. At 3 feet down some bones were found. (6). Fifteen feet distant from (a2); 30 feet in diameter; 2% feet high. At 2% feet down were one arm-bone and one leg- bone. (c). Oval; 15 feet by 30 feet. At 3 feet down were two skeletons in clay. (d). Twenty-five feet in diameter; 234 feet high. A few decayed bones were found. Kallenberger had opened six others of the group without find- ing anything of interest. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF IOWA. 89 Louisa County— Continued. Sec. 73 (S.-W. 4%). Gass % describes here three mounds, which are numbered by him as a northward continuation of a group in Sec. 24. ‘They are one and one-half miles north of those. No. 8. Three hundred yards from the edge of a bluff in the centre of a number of smaller ones; it is 80 feet in diameter and 6 feet high; the upper covering is of mixed soil; at 6 feet were three horizontally-placed skeletons, one with the head toward the east, the others with head west; the skulls were badly decayed; south of these were ashes and coals, with burned clay and flint fragments ; no relics. Vo. 9. On Gast farm, one-eighth mile south of No. 8, in the N.-W. 4% N.-W. ¥% Sec. 24. It measured about 80 feet in diameter and 6 feet in height; it was isolated, at two hundred yards from the edge of the bluff; at 6 feet down were ashes and charcoal, 7* also two arrow-heads.®3 Vo. ro (N.-E. 4% N.-W. Y Sec. 24). On the Godfrey Farm ; two hundred yards from No. g, at the edge of a bluff overlooking the valley of the Mississippi; 25 feet in diameter; 4 feet high. At 1 foot a mass of decayed bones forming a bed 5 or 6 feet across and 31% feet thick; 7! also ® emitting a stench. Sec. rg (S.-E. 4%). On the bluff facing and overlooking the Mississippi River, one-fourth mile back from the edge of the bluff, Gass 7° describes two earth-walls from ravine to ravine; the south- ern wall is 24 rods long; the northern one is 21 rods; the south wall is now 6 feet high, and the ditch on its north side is 20 feet wide and 5 feet deep; the north wall is 5 feet high, and on its north side is a ditch 12 feet wide and 5 feet deep. The ravines are steep-sided and are too feet or more deep; on the ravine slope, near the top, at three rods south of the south wall, is a circular excavation nearly too feet in diameter and 15 to 20 feet deep, partly excavated, partly on down-side built up; at the lower end is a passage-way through the wall, of doubtful antiquity. At the bottom of the ravine to the west are two springs, the north one pure and cold, the south one sulphureous ; the area is over- grown with large trees. This locality may be the one referred to by Stevenson.’ He speaks of a group of twenty-five or thirty mounds arranged appa- go DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Louisa County—Continued. rently in parallel lines, the whole being in a plot twenty-five or — thirty rods in diameter. It is at the south of Muscatine slough. From this group an earthwork or causeway extended west to an- other row of mounds about forty rods distant. This earthwork runs in a straight line, but it has a jog or break in it where is found a depression in the ground about 80 feet in diameter. The ends of these two lines are about a rod apart, but both walls fol- low the same direction. Sec. 24 (N.-E. 4 N.-W. 4%). Godfrey Farm; mounds opened here at different times by Gass; > 7! two, about 4 feet high— (a). At 4 feet a horizontally-placed skeleton, with the head west; a small flint knife was obtained here. (4). Twenty-four paces south of the preceding; at 2 feet down was a bed of ashes 1 foot thick; the clay above it was burned ;. in the ash-bed were several small, white stones, like un- finished pipes, which crumbled ; they were apparently limestone. Two other mounds yielded a sandstone bird pipe, a copper axe, and a large copper bead. Sec. 24 (S.-E. 4 N.-W. 4%). On the Schleicher Farm; Gass® opened two mounds. Vo. r. About 75 feet in diameter; 4 feet high; at 4 feet depth were two leg-bones and fragments of pottery and flints. NVo. 2. Thirty-five feet south of last; 50 feet in diameter ; 3% feet high; yielded a few bones. No. 3. On Godfrey Farm, thirty feet south of Mo. 70; 30 feet in diameter ; 3 feet high; at 3 feet down were two skeletons. Vo. 4. Thirty-five feet north of No. 2 (?); 30 feet in diam- eter; at 134 feet deep the earth became a burned clay; at 1% feet deeper it was a soft brick-like material; below this was an ash- bed of oval form, 4 feet by 5 % feet, 11 inches thick; near the centre of this bed was a small copper axe showing action of fire ; no bones. Vo. 5. ‘Thirty-six feet north from last; 30 feet in diameter; 3 feet high; at 4 feet depth were human bones, broken pottery, flint implements. Vo. 6. Forty-six feet from the. last; 30 feet in diameter; 3 feet high ; at 3 feet down a few bones. No. 7. Forty-five feet north-west, on Rothrock Farm; 100 > aeF STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. gt Louisa County— Continued. feet in diameter; 6 feet high; at 2 feet down were three badly decayed (intrusive?) skeletons; on the south side were two skel- etons, male and female, heads west and east respectively, and feet meeting at the centre. The material for 6 feet was mixed black earth and clay. Sec. 24 (N.-W. 4% S.-E. 4%). Group of six mounds in cres- cent, on prominent point of bluff; west of the group is a field containing hundreds of mounds. ‘Two of the group are partic- ularly mentioned by Gass.®3 (a). The southernmost of the group, in the extreme north- west corner of the S.-E. 4 of the section. It is about 100 feet in diameter and 8 feet in height; for 6 feet—‘down to original soil’’—it consists of mixed earth with flint fragments; next a layer 114 feet thick of clay and sand, in which was a flint knife and a perforator; below this were four skeletons with heads west, and some bones and skull fragments; near the second skeleton was a dark red stone pipe and a small copper axe; another exca- vation on the east side yielded two skeletons, with two pipes near the skulls, a portion of the bones of a child, and a few copper beads. (0). Forty-five feet north-east of the last; 45 feet in diame- ter; 3% feet high; at 4 feet down were three badly decayed skeletons with heads toward the west; fragments of flint and pot- tery were found. ‘These two mounds were excavated by Mr. Kallenberger. Sec. 25 (S.-W. Y% N.-E. 4). Blumer 23 reports regarding the mounds at the extreme edge of the prominent point of the bluff; ravines open ‘intu the valley at either side. No. r. It isa flattened cone, 30 feet in diameter and 3 feet high; the first 144 feet were of hard clay showing here and there fire action; next came a layer of hard red burned clay, oval in form, 5 feet in shorter diameter, 3 feet thick at centre, diminish- ing to 3 inches at the edges; then came a body of ashes, 13 inches thick at middle and diminishing outward to the edges; in this bed, a few inches from the bottom, were a part of a carved stone bird pipe, a small copper axe, and an elephant pipe. No. 2. Farm of P. Haas, fifty yards west of No. 1, in the second row of the group, extending north and south, approxi- a ae 92 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Louisa County— Continued. mately parallel to the edge of the bluff; the mounds about here are arranged in several somewhat irregular rows, all running the same way. This mound is 15 feet in diameter, and 1% feet high; it was of mixed earth to a depth of 3 feet, where was natural . yellow clay; at bottom were parts of a badly decayed human skeleton and some splinters of flint. No. 3. Close to bluff-edge in first row, at fifty yards south of No. 1, 20 feet in diameter; 2 feet high; at 2 feet from top was an excavation into the natural soil, 114 feet in diameter and 2 feet deep, full of ashes and charcoal. No. 4. Fifty yards south of Vo. 5; with a diameter of 25 feet, it has a height of 3 feet. It consisted of mixed soil for 3 feet, and then of a hard layer of white clay eight inches thick. No. 5. Ten yards west of Vo. 4, and in the second row; it is 25 feet in diameter and 3% feet high; it consisted for 2% feet of mixed soil resting on white clay 11 to 15 inches thick; below this but to one side of the middle was a small quantity of ashes and charcoal; in the centre at 2 feet or so down was a sitting skele- ton; no relics. NVo. 6. At nine yards north from JVo. 5, in the second row; it measured 20 feet in diameter and 2% feet high; it consisted of a mixture of common soil resting on hard natural clay; a few fragments of decayed bones were found, but no relics. Numbers 4 to 6 are on Stoddard’s farm. The rest of this series are probably on Haas’ farm. ) NVo. 7. Sixty rods north from last, on the second row; 15 feet in diameter; 114 feet high; composed of soil like Vo. 6. No bone fragments and no relics————Gass ® speaks of eight mounds in this quarter-section, and enumerates as relics from them a plain red pipestone pipe, a few shell beads, an obsidian arrow-head, a number of flint implements. At Blackhawk, opposite Mercer County, Illinois, near the Mississippi River, on a high bluff facing New Boston, are seven or eight mounds, the largest in this part of the West. They are 4 to 5 rods in diameter, and 12 to 15 feet high; one yielded numerous partly decayed bones, also pottery, flint implements, and flint clippings. On the high level plain back of the mounds was an old embankment enclosing some 5 or 6 acres; it is now STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAOLOGY OF IOWA. 93 Louisa County— Continued. nearly gone, but potsherds, flint chips and flint implements are picked up within its area; the pottery paste is of river mud mixed with pounded fresh-water shells (Shaw 57). Probably the following description by Stevenson 138 refers to this same locality. He describes it as in the vicinity of Toolesboro: ‘© A raised circular earthwork; it resembles a horseshoe. The open part abuts upon the edge of the bluff among a group of mounds. The surface and soil are covered or supplied with an immense quantity of broken pottery and flint chips and imple- ments. These last ate nearly all small, uniform in shape and size; they are like a half-cone in form and are 1% inches long, 34-inch wide at broadest part, 3-inch thick at thickest’? Ap- parently ‘‘the circular enclosure of ro acres’’ mentioned by Alexander. ? This work is also described by Toole "79 and by the Davenport party. The latter give considerable detail, thus: One-fourth mile north-west of these mounds was an earthwork enclosing some I5 or 20 acres: octagonal in form, the sides are curved and the inner edge is circular; the embankment, once about 2 feet high, is now nearly obliterated; the area is strewn with flint chips and potsherds; in a few hours fifty or more flint implements were found, among them a few arrow-heads ; most, however, were well worked, plano-convex objects, from 1 to 2 inches long, about half as wide and 14-inch thick, rounded at each end but with one more tapering than the other, even bluntly pointed at times; (the form is somewhat like a flat-iron without a handle). The pottery from this site is unlike that from the mounds; it is grayer, and composed of mixed earth and shell; broken handles are common. Remains somewhat like stone walls also occur.138 Three miles south of Zoo/eshoro, near lowa River, are outlines of three ancient structures in which stones were used. The material was granite bowlders from the river below. ‘There were five or six such structures in a line, nearly parallel to the river bank, about twenty feet from it, about 6 feet square and some 20 feet apart. Few stones are left ; the best preserved showed evidences of fire upon being opened; the bottom was rather dark and burned almost to brick for 2 inches in depth; a double row of slight depressions, less than two feet deep, alternate with these [Proo. D. A. N.8., Vou. VI.] 12 {April 25, 1895.] 94 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Louisa County— Continued. remains; in some were charcoal, flint chips, and split and broken bones of animals.*38 Toolesboro. Parties from the Davenport Academy 127 204, 205 explored a group (@) of mounds on the edge of the bluff overlook- ing the Iowa River bottom two and one-half miles from its mouth. Three-quarters of a mile south is another group of six or seven mounds (4). (a). Mounds from 40 to 80 feet diameter and from 6 to ro feet in height, composed of a hard mixture of clay and black soil, both of local origin. They are burial mounds but the bones con- tained in them were not numerous and were poorly preserved. Most of them contained oak logs 6 to 8 inches in diameter placed at or near the bottom of the mound and much decayed; the bones were most frequently immediately beneath these. Some mounds were opened. In Jo. 7 a few flint chips and scattered human bones were found. In JVo. 2 the decayed wood was found at depths of 6 to g feet. The logs showed no arrangement; but skeletons were found more frequently below them than elsewhere. Portions of skeletons (including a child’s skull) were found, all too badly decayed to be of use. Near one skull was a neatly carved pipe of gray pipestone representing a bird, with eyes of pure copper; also a copper awl about six inches long, hammered square instead of round and bent at right angles and flattened near one end. Mound Wo. 7 was opened fully. It was com- posed of mixed earth ; the large sticks of wood were found near the base in positions showing no arrangement. There were many irregular layers of about ~, inch thickness looking like white ashes ; such were usually found in contact with the wood on the under side. The mound was built of firm, hard, light-colored clay, apparently the original earth of the locality stripped of its black soil. A layer of tough yellow clay about an inch thick was placed upon this. The bones, implements, etc., were directly upon this layer. No such clay layer was in Vo. z or Vo. 2. Two or three very fragile skeletons were here; a large marine shell— Cassis madagascarensis—7¥% x 10% inches, holding about 5% pints and cut out to serve as a vessel; with it and near one skull were parts of four earthen vessels; these were crushed or fragile. They had contained river shells. A few feet from this was an- STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 95 Louisa County — Continued. other skull and other portions of the skeleton. Near the head, as if laid upon the chest, was a smoothly-wrought copper axe, show- ing impressions and traces of cloth; some two hundred poorly- preserved beads of shell and some pearls were about the head and in the skull; a few feet away were two carved stone bird pipes, one of red pipestone with pearl eyes; close by were two more copper axes. Vo. 4. Another copper axe, a copper awl, and several small sandstone implements were found in a mound on the bluff by Mr. Freeman; they were exposed by washing away of the bank. An arrow-head of flint was found in each of these mounds where any other relics were found. Vo. 5, on Mrs. Mallory’s property,2°5 was explored in 1866. Probably its original height was 8 to 10 feet. It was composed of very hard mixed earth, with minute bits of charcoal scattered through it ; at 4 feet 4 inches down was an evenly spread layer of quite clean yellow clay % to 1 inch thick; this was slightly be- low the original surface. At half-way down a small rough chert knife or scraper was found; at the west end were poorly-preserved human bones, including a frontal bone of remarkably low and brutal character; here also was a much broken turtle shell. At the middle of the mound was a finely made plain gray pipestone pipe ; no remains were near it. The clay floor was found to stop (on the west and south?) along a sharply defined diagonal line. In the part of the mound beyond it was a grave, 20 inches or so deep, containing a much decayed adult skeleton with its head to the north-west, and some child bones ; another adult skeleton lay at right angles to the first ; the grave pit containing these was ir- regular in form, measuring 8 feet along the south-west side, 7 feet on the north-west, and 6 feet and 5 feet along the others. Vo. 7 *°5 was symmetrical, one of the largest of the group; cir- cular, with a diameter of 85 feet ; the height, reduced by cultiva- tion, was about ro feet. The excavations brought to light about 500 square feet of the base. The construction showed that a floor of light-yellow sandy clay had been laid upon the original sub- soil of pure clay. The mound was raised upon this to a height of about 4 feet when it was covered—at least on its south half— with logs of oak irregularly laid on. Some white ash-like mate- 96 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Louisa County — Continued. rial is found in this part though there is no charcoal or other evi- dence of fire. On the north side the logs are lacking, but there is a thin layer of pure clay. ‘The material of the mound above this layer of wood and clay was a very compact stiff clay loam, with scattered patches of purer clay. In the northern part some flint chips were found. About midway of the trench and two feet from the floor some human bones were found (two femurs, a clavicle, several bones of the left forearm and hand) all in a heap, and with them a small worked flint. Several feet west of the trench a copper awl was found standing upright and firmly im- bedded in the clay base. ‘Two feet beyond this and to the south (?) were found four copper axes, two curved base pipes (one cyl- indrical bowl was of calcite, the other of catlinite, hawk-shaped, with pearl eyes), a large block of mica in loose sheets, a second awl, acrushed skull with skeleton attached. Under this skull one of the axes lay, wrapped in a covering of cloth and bark. An- other copper axe lay under the left shoulder of the skeleton, and many dull and fragile beads of shell and pearl were taken from the region of the neck and chest. Further excavation in this same mound revealed an adult skeleton, male, with face up and head to the north-west; close by the right side, with head on the level with the shoulders of the larger skeleton, was the skeleton of a child of ten years. Beyond it was a third copper awl; about the legs and feet were shell beads. Three more copper awls pierced the floor and stood upright in a line, from 18 inches to 36 inches from the feet of the skeletons ; the awls were about two feet apart; these awls were from 4 to 7 inches long, hammered square except at lower pointed end; they are turned abruptly at the top; their diameter is about %-inch. They may have served to peg or pin down askin or cloth covering placed over the dead. The hard floor appears to have been basin-shaped. Vo. 8. ‘Two hundred feet west of Vo. 7, this was the largest of the group. It has been used by white men as a building site. It has a diameter of 140 feet; a height of 11 feet. At g feet down was a floor of yellow clay %-inch thick, laid upon the original black loam surface; just above this clay floor was black earth. Parts of four much decomposed skeletons were found, but no relics. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 97 Louisa County—Continued. Four other mounds here were opened by Toolesboro gentle- men in 1875. ‘They were situated on the edge of a bluff; the re- gion was covered witha growth of oak. The farm was owned by Mr. J. J. Parsons. ‘The structure was much as in those already described. (a). Largest of those opened; 40 feet in diameter, 8 feet high; the bulk of the mound—1r4o cubic yards ——was removed ; at the level of the natural surface was a thin layer of sand on which were a large copper axe of 21% pounds weight and of unusual form, a thin flat perforated bone implement, and several round stones ; several skeletons also. (6). Half as large as last; no floor layer. Five copper awls, one flat-sided square-edged axe, a carved pipe of mottled red pipe- stone, representing a panther or lynx, several flint arrows, a large lump of galena. (c). Small mound; considerable quantity of broken pottery, a number of pieces of elk (?) horn several inches in length, 11 inch in diameter, and rounded over one end as if used for pestles. (d@). 25x50 feet in diameter; 5 to 6 feet high; quantity of human bones at 21% to 6 feet deep; all crumbling. An unfin- ished pipe of soft whitish stone; several horn implements like those from c. One of a group on the other side of the village back from the bluff, opened in 1880 by Hindman.?°* It was 30 feet in diameter; 3 feet high. A skeleton, two earthen vessels, (one near the head, the other opposite the middle of the body) badly crushed, lay at its right; the one near the head contained ashes and earth; a foot above the head a large piece of mica and a piece of obsidian (two pounds weight), were found near the centre of the mound at the same level with the skeleton. Stevenson also mentions investigation here." ‘Two compan- ion mounds excavated ; out of line and away from bluff some forty rods. They were about 4o feet diameter and 5 feet or more high. In one (a) a copper celt among fragments of bones, char- coal, and a decayed mass of wood ; it was 51 inches long, from % to 2% inches wide, and 5% inch thick; weight 1 pound.- On a level with the axe but 8 feet from it a beautiful earthen pot, 5 inches deep and 6 inches diameter, with rounded base. Close to it a miniature pot in bad condition. Near the vessels, many 98 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Louisa County — Continued. fragments of bone and teeth, and beneath them charcoal and flint chips. In the other mound (4) at about 6 feet depth, a fragment of sheet copper weighing 260 gr. It was 4% inches long, 2 inches wide, and about the thickness of ordinary tin. It was slightly curved and found in the bottom of the mound lying in puddled clay. This bottom was dish-shaped, rounding up at the edge, 1 foot deep and 6 or 8 feet across. It lay below the original sur- face. Gass 7! mentions a tablet found in a Toolesboro mound by Mr. Potter; it was taken from a depth of 13 feet where it lay on a small pile of bones; it is made of white sandstone, 2 feet by 3 feet, and 3 inches thick, is rounded at corners and bears some old signs or pictures on one side; some English letters have been re- cently added. The second ‘‘Elephant pipe’’ in the Academy’s collection came from Louisa County and was found by Peter Mare in his cornfield. 14? The material regarding the Toolesboro mounds is somewhat confused. Numbers 1 to 4 of the group A are so numbered for convenience here and may not have been so numbered by the original investigators. Lyon Counry. Thomas '74 cites Wakefield as to mounds on sections 7? and 24, Twp. 100 N., R. 49 W.,and Fulton 59 speaks of mounds with circular terraces, 15 to 20 feet in elevation, and of remains of re- doubts and breastworks.— More definite is the work of Starr and Lewis. The former '67 describes mounds and stone circles a mile be- yond Brown’s Station (La Valley) near the Little Sioux River and close to the Dakota line. The mounds are mostly round, 30 to 50 feet in diameter, 3 to 8 feet high; a few are oval and larger. On the summit of the ridge are stone circles or ellipses made with some care with bowlders. Some mounds lie among the bowlder circles but most are outside the circle-bearing area. The whole ridge top is strewn with flint-flakes, arrow-heads, scrapers, pot- sherds, etc. Good stone mauls are not uncommon. White and Starr opened two mounds. Vo. 7 was of hard gravel with patches STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 99 Lyon County — Continued. of ashes. At 2 feet down wasa skeleton with head to the north; the bones were well preserved; no relics found. NVo. 2. Above was gravel; then black soil; then ashes and black soil; lastly gravel. Some fragments of bones and potsherds were in the black soil and the ashes and black soil Two other mounds previously opened by Nash and Cotton lay on south side of railroad. No. 3. Onalofty ridge; two adult and one child skeletons ; also the bones of a horse; also a pipe here. Lower down was an adult skeleton, with a dog’s skeleton wrapped in buckskin; here were six iron bracelets, fifteen feet of wampum, a grinding stone, and ared pipestone disk pipe. The skeleton had copper ear orn- aments the oxydation of which had preserved the skin and hair in contact with them. ‘This mound was within a stone-circle. No. 4. Yielded a finely made discoidal stone, an arrow-head, asmall maul of reddish granitic rock, part of a jar, and some hard bone fragments. ‘Two lines of stones, six or seven feet apart, crossed the ends of this mound. ‘The discoidal stone is of fine- grained, dark material, beautifully polished; the two round faces are concave and the truly circular outer rim is convex ; the speci- men is about 6 inches in diameter and is perforated by a central hole of about half an inch in diameter; the thickness varies from / less than half an inch at the inner edge to 1% inches at the thick- est part. For fuller particulars re- garding the stone circles see refer- ences. 265) 167 Lewis °5 redescribes the bowlder circles and rings described by Starr. South of the track he men- tions a large inclosure or fort, with low walls. Within are zo circles though there are some without.—— Less than a mile north of this locality is another, where stone circles formerly ey existed. Many have disappeared. One 50 tC. part circle being visible the rest was BiG lz dug out from the soil which had coy- ered it. This one was 33 feet diameter. In another paper 100 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Lyon County — Continued. the same author gives further particulars. 87 He states that the mounds north of the railroad number one hundred and five and that one of them is a rude effigy, which measures 55% feet in greatest length and 2% feet in height (Fig.17). He also de- scribes the enclosure south of the track more fully. It encloses an area of about 15 acres; the walls are from 1% to 2 feet high and average 18 feet in width; the fort was built after the mounds and seven of these are within or about the fort. Marion County. Robinson mentions mounds in the county. Kimberling 19 ex- amined mounds at Avoxville. They occur in groups of five to ten in a straight line ora circle and always on bluffs or highland ; in one case there was a raised way some 20 rods long, 8 or ro feet wide, and 1 foot high, leading to an abrupt bluff. The mound structure fs described thus: ‘‘2 feet of soil; 16 inches of hard baked clay, ashes and charcoal; 5 feet below the clay layer, a hearth, 2 feet by 4 feet and ro inches deep, full of ashes and char- coal; the walls of ‘the furnace’ were glazed by heat; the arch is 12 feet in diameter and its height such that a tall man might stand underit. In the centre of the mound was a piece of cement with a crushed human skull below it.’’ Mitts County. Dean # and Proudfit 13% 139: 4°, 14 have made considerable in- vestigations. Mounds and lodge circles are common on the loéss bluffs of the Missouri River. The mounds are usually small, sim- ple, conical, from 20 to 100 feet in diameter and from 2 to 15 feet high; they yield an occasional chip of flint or fragment of pot- tery; they are almost always associated with lodge circles. These last are circular excavations from 20 to 60 feet in diameter, with a present depth of 5 feet to 4 feet ; the original floor was the bluff clay; this often lies buried under 2 feet of black soil; the soil removed in excavation is sometimes piled up in a ring, still remaining as a wall along the outer edge; in one case an oak stump 18 inches in diameter was found in the centre of the lodge circle; these circles are usually on a divide, sometimes on a south slope. A single lodge is an exception; usually they occur in groups. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAOLOGY OF IOWA. Io! Mitts County— Continued. Oak Township, S.-. corner S.-W, Sec. 8, Twp. 73 N., R. 43 W., Allis Farm, on a spur of the bluffs, fifty feet above the plain, some four hundred feet north of a deep ravine, is a group of five lodge circles. ‘The depressions are fairly marked, vary from 20 feet to 30 feet in diameter, and, although considerably filled, from 1% feet to 2 feet deep. The ground about is strewn with chips, sherds, and occasional arrow-heads, knives, etc.; frag- ments of an arrow-straightener of sandstone, some paint stones and some mussel-shells were also found.——— On the site of an- other lodge, south of the ravine, was a catlinite pipe. One mile west of Glenwood, partly on the T. D. Tipton farm, is a series of seven lodge circles extending along a crescentic ridge for three-fourths of a mile. With these isa mound. This is located five and a half miles south and two miles east of the preced- ing locality, near N.-W. corner, N.-W. 4 S.-E. 4, Sec. 10, Twp. 72 N.,R. 43 W. The bluff is 300 feet high and overlooks the surrounding country in every direction. ‘The mound is elliptical at base, measures 70 feet from north to south and 4o feet from east to west ; it is composed of local material taken from a spot about 125 feet to the south, where there is a depression 35 feet square and 5 feet deep. At 7 feet from the top was found a layer of ashes half an inch thick; then came a layer of stones from 2 inches to 11 inches thick and weighing from 20 to 30 pounds; (these were probably brought eight miles from across the river) ; this layer of stones was probably placed upon the original surface and the mound then heaped over it to a height of 6 feet; an ear- lier exploration found a second layer of stones at that height and the original mound perhaps was several feet higher than that. No implements, bones, or traces of fire were found in the mound. A few flint chips and a large implement, perhaps for agri- cultural purposes, were found near by.— lodge circles showed, in one case, black soil 3% feet deep over the floor; in a second case 2 feet of black soil. In both cases potsherds, charcoal, and flint chips were found and in the latter, at the centre, a conical heap of burned earth in which was. large vessel of pottery, which was broken in the excavation. One-half mile south of Glenwood, on the fair-grounds, are four still distinct lodge-circles; they are situated upon a flat, Trenching across the [Proo. D. A. N.8., Vou. VI.] 13 [May 9, 1895.] 102 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Mitts County— Continued. enclosed on three sides by heights and opening to the south upon Keg Creek. Potsherds are abundant over the area, and arrow- heads, drills, scrapers, celts and a ‘‘turtle-back’’ were found; the arrow-heads were small but well made.——— On the crest of the south end of the encircling ridges is an ancient workshop; the place is strewn with flint chips and potsherds; at the base of the hill were found a drilled tooth for a bead, a bone implement, mus- sel-shells, bones, and worked flints ————On the west bank of the stream, a little east of the group of circles, was a pottery fac- tory; great numbers of fragments occur here together with pieces of tempering stone.———— The pottery of the district is rude, made of clay tempered with pounded stones; ornamentation consists of curved lines, indentations, checker-work, cob-marking and circle marks. Half a mile east of the Tipton mound is another unopened mound, with a group of three or four circles about it. North and west of Glenwood about four miles, on the old Pacific City road, is a low mound with accompanying lodge circles. Five miles north of Glenwood, on the Glenwood and St. Mary’s road, is a mound with several lodge circles.————Seven miles north-west of Glenwood, at the head of Indian Hollow, is a group of three small mounds and one lodge circle. This locality is four miles north of the Tipton mound. East of Glenwood, at eight miles distance on Silver Creek are several small mounds of little elevation upon a high ridge on the east side of the creek near Lem’s Mill. One mound excavated revealed great quantities of red burnt earth scattered through the mound with an occasional lump of black earth and some char- coal. No other relics. Indian graves occur on neighboring hills and corn-pits were found here early. Three miles north of Pacific City and four miles north-west of the Tipton mound, upon a high divide, lies a mound roo feet by 70 feet and 15 feet high; composed of surface soil, with scattered flint chips, charcoal and ashes in it, no results of interest came from its excavation. A large lodge circle is located one hundred yards south-west. A turtle-back celt is reported as found on the bluffs five miles north of Pacific City ; large grooved implements have been found at Glenwood..— Of particular interest is the STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAZOLOGY OF IOWA. 103 Mitts County — Continued. pottery vessel, entire but broken, found at 6 feet down in loéss at Glenwood (Fig. 18). It is of dark gray clay tempered with PTGS Ss micaceous quartz. A few bits of burned clay and pottery were found later at the same place. Proudfit describes scrapers of flint (pink and white) well worn by use or weather, found by him at foot of bluff, one mile above the mouth of Indian Hollow, in a vertical face of exposure, 6 feet below the surface. Remains of Hlephas americanus have been found in the loéss of Mills County at a railroad cut (C., B. & Q.) two miles south of Glenwood and at Malvern, nine miles east of Glenwood. This author believes that great physical changes have occurred in the region since occupied by man.———He also mentions an ancient trail running for many miles along the west crest of the bluff which is, at times, worn deeply into the surface. MuscaTINE COUNTY. Pine Creek. (a). Group of six mounds, on a high ridge, two miles above Pine Creek. Lindley 88 opened one composed of yellow clay; in it were found river shells and charcoal, human skeletons lying east and west, and forty-one beads. (4). On slope of same ridge a group of mounds forming an irregular circle. One opened was about 15 feet high and roo feet 104 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. MuscaTINE County — Continued. wide at base. Four feet below surface were two layers of flat stones. Between two of these large stones and in a cavity of the lower one was a large jet-black arrow-head. A broken skull was found, with walls one-half inch thick; one leg-bone was notched as if repeatedly struck with a sharp instrument.** Witter ‘99 describes mounds in Montpelier Township, Sec. 22, Wm. Lowry Farm; group of nine mounds on top of sharp ridge running W. 10° N. One, probably the largest, opened; it was seventy-two rods from the river’s low water edge, and ninety feet above it. Mounds numbered from the west. No. 1 is down the point, which slopes to the west to a creek about 40 rods distant. From the centre of No. 1 to that of No. 2 is 3.2 rods. The rise be- tween them is about 6 feet. From 2to3is1.5 rods. 2and 3 form a sort of double mound. From 3 to 4 is 4 rods. No. 4 was the mound opened. From 4 to 5 is 4 rods; from 5 to 6 is 4.5 rods; from 6 to 7, 3.6; from 7 to 8, 2.5, and from 8 to g is 6.5 rods. From No. 6 the mounds diminish almost to invisibility. No. 4 is about 70 feet diameter and 7 feet high (8 feet to undisturbed bot- tom). Graded down by scraper for about 3 or 4 feet. At 5 feet a quantity of flat, argillaceous limestone, averaging perhaps 10 inches in each direction. These were set on edge and in a circle, although one-third or one-half the circle on the north was wanting. This circle was 8 to 10 feet diameter and apparently surrounded the centre of the mound. ‘The stones were nearly all at the same depth and appeared to be collected in little groups a foot or so apart. Sticks of charred wood, two feet or more in length and three or four inches in diameter, with some pieces. apparently of oak trees a foot or more in diameter, were with the stones on the south side, and some of the stones were burned red with the char- coal lying on them. Near the stones and apparently forming a circle was a red material three or four inches thick and about the same in depth (apparently burned stone). Charcoal was com- mon, flint chips scarce. A little inside the circle of stones and perhaps a foot below were these relics: two large marine shells, Sycotypus perversus, one-half of the last whorl of each. These are each g.5 inches long with spire wanting. Their diameters are 6 and 5.5 inches. Nearly one entire whorl was found close to one shell, apparently part of another shell. (The shells were probably STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAOLOGY OF IOWA. 105 MuscaTINE County — Continued. four feet apart—lying horizontally.) One valve of unio? about a foot from one of the sea-shells. A cluster of shell beads, globular, three or four inches in diameter and containing 200 to 300 beads; badly decayed; they vary from 3% x 1 inch to 4x. Two feet from one sea-shell and four from the other were two vessels, round, with round bottom. (1). Uniformly ¥Y inch thickness; thicker at rim; firm, fine clay, mica, and shell fragments; no sand: many minute cavities ; dark in color; somewhat polished on ex- terior; neck smooth; rest of surface with V ornamentation. In- side measures: at top, 3.75; 144 inch down, 3-25; 2% inches down, 5.4; 5 inches deep; capacity r quart. (2). Coarser, more fragile; from % to Y inch thick. Red- dish clay and crushed granite; no shells; not porous; grains of quartz and feldspar (?); light red; blackish near top. Plain; 5-25 inches at rim; 6 inches at 3 inches down; 6.5 inches deep; tapers below like small end of egg; capacity 2 quarts. (3). Fragments of a third; red clay, sand and shell; better than (2); some indentation ornament. Human teeth were taken from two points at about the same depth as the relics. Appar- ently from two individuals, 8 to ro feet apart. Two teeth are in the posterior part of the right side of the lower jaw. Davenport parties excavated a mound in the Lowry farm group in 1875. Considerable charcoal was scattered throughout the earth of which the mound was composed; no ashes were seen ; at 7 feet down was a part of the forward portion of a human skull from which at least seven vondel/es had been cut; the bone was well preserved. No other objects were found except scattered fragments of bones within 2 or 3 feet of the surface, and a single small shell bead at 6 feet down. (c). One-half mile below Pine Creek a group of about fifteen mounds on a high ridge. One of them is nearly 20 feet high. North of it are two elongated mounds about 4 feet high, 5 feet wide and twenty feet long. One conical mound yielded, at about 2 feet depth, two-thirds of an earthen vase; at 14 feet, remains of six persons. The bodies had been arranged radiatingly, feet in- ward, about.a large sea-shell— Cass?s madagascarensis.®8 Harrison 7+ examined these, opening the second one in size; it was circular, 50 feet in diameter, 9 feet high; it was composed 106 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. MuscaTINE County — Continued. of light clay mixed with dark earth; from 6 feet depth downward were ashes scattered through the mass, and burned clay here and there. An ash bed of irregular form and varying thickness, dividing into two branches at about the centre of the mound was found at 9 feet down; this rested upon the natural soil; scattered pieces of sandstone, some showing signs of burning, lay above this bed; no charcoal was found; only one relic—a piece of worked bone 4 inches long, %-inch wide, 4 -inch thick. Stevenson ' states that from a point near Drury’s Landing, a few miles east of Muscatine, to a point near Toolesboro and New Boston, a distance of some twenty miles, mounds occur on all the higher points; the groups contain from 2 to roo or more mounds from 15 to 150 feet in diameter and from 2 to 15 feet high. He estimates that there are 2, 500 mounds in this area in the two States of Iowa and Illinois Near the limits of Muscatine itself he claims fifty mounds and long earthworks. ——— Nine out of ten of the works in this vicinity are circular mounds; the long ones are from 6 to 20 feet in length and 5 feet wide and are placed end to end with a gap of 5 feet between. They are made of local material; those on the ridges of clay and sand, those on Muscatine Island of sand and gravel. Sometimes they show evi- dence of fire action.— A map of groups is given and some notes of explanation: Group z. Containing 20 mounds of which ro were opened with no result except an occasional bit of charcoal or a fragment of a shell. Group 2. One skeleton, badly preserved, in a horizontal posi- tion, and small potsherds. Group 3. On the bluffs, overlooking Whiskey Hollow. One badly decayed skeleton, with a stone axe weighing 2% pounds under its head. Group 4. On Muscatine Island; nearly leveled; pottery fragments, small triangular arrows very similar in style, and flint chips are strewn over the surface of the area. The heads of skeletons here are almost always to the north. Some mounds have a hard crust arch over the remains. Witter 55 mentions an arrow-head and spear-head from the STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 107 MuscaTINE Country — Continued. loéss at Muscatine; a piece of /efhas tooth was found at the same locality. Also 225 flint chips from loéss on Mad Creek. On Schmale’s Farm below Muscatine Gass 7? examined a group of five mounds 65 feet or so in diameter and from 5 feet to 8 feet high. (a). The westernmost; 5 feetfhigh; at bottom were two hor- izontal skeletons, with heads to the east and west; the bones were badly preserved. Pieces of charcoal and pottery found. (6). One skeleton. (c). Eight feet high; at a depth of 7 feet was a pit 2 by 3 feet and 1 foot deep, with human leg and arm-bones and skull frag- ments. (d). Six feet high; at 3 feet down were three skeletons cov- ered with pieces of wood; at their sides were pieces of pottery and marine shells. (e). Smallest of the series; in it were a few human bones. All were composed of very hard clay. One mile west of the last group, on the Hershey farm, the same writer describes a group of forty-six mounds in four con- centric semi-circles ; all but two are simple conical mounds; one is oval; one is long and narrow. ‘They vary in height from 2 to 6 feet. Twelve were explored, of which some were burial mounds; there was seldom more than one skeleton present; the bones were badly decayed; ashes and charcoal occurred in all; a few arrow-heads and potsherds were found. At the river close by relics from an old village site—potsherds, flints, bones of animals and perhaps human beings constantly feet, between the / S2 wash out. They come from a depth of 2! black soil and the sand. Stevenson 8 mentions eight or ten mounds in two parallel lines on the Cedar River nine miles north of Muscatine. Also at nine miles south-west from Muscatine on high bluffs— Group G on the map—eleven mounds in a line along the bluff edge. They are about twenty feet apart; consist of clay and gravel, the lower part mainly the latter. Seven were opened. Most gave no objects. The largest yielded flint chips and char- coal; in one, at 18 inches depth, was an intrusive burial, while 2 feet lowerzwas a skull above a stone axe. 108 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. MuscaTInE County — Continued. Near Wyoming Hill Gass 39 describes a mound on a small area of bottom land between and close to the confluence of two little creeks, almost surrounded on every side by high bluffs, opening in front toward the Mississippi River. The base is just above high water mark. Oval in form; long diameter nearly 200 feet; more than 30 feet height; it is small and rounded on top; thirty- three layers of earth, clay, sand and gravel clearly defined; scat- tered charcoal fragments, some large, through it. In the bottom of the mound is an immense pile of slabs of sandstone, two or three inches thick and several feet across, disposed in layers of which, the bottom one resting on the clay extend almost to the outer edge of the mound; the next smaller and so on for about 20 layers to about 8 feet in height, ending in a very broad, flat, pyramidal form. Is this really artificial? PoTTAWATOMIE COUNTY. Council Bluffs. ‘Two grooved axes, taken from bluff deposits one eight feet below surface, one twelve feet, both near Council Bluffs. Owned by Dr. Stillman.38 Stillman explored the bluff 114 miles north of Council Bluffs on the Mynster Springs road where a cut had been made. An opening about three feet across was driven into the bluff to a dis- tance of four feet, and 5 feet below the soil surface. A large fragment of an elk’s antlers; a shoulder-blade, fashioned into a rude implement; fragments of bone; a pipe; a piece of deer antler, 41% inches long, polished at one end; several flint scrap- ers; potsherds; a charred corn-cob; several large mussel-shells ; many fish-bones; several vertebrae; small bowlders showing fire action; a stone paint mortar of rough red quartzyte, were found.!38 This find was on the western face of the bluff, 40 feet above the Missouri bottom, and not far from a lake that touches the foot of the bluff just north of this point. Above the find the bluff rises to a height of one hundred and fifty feet, with a gradual slope to the crest. South of this point, a half-mile or so nearer the city, is an exposure at a brick yard. It is at the mouth of a hollow or wide ravine, extending back into the hills for some distance. Here, under from 6 to 8 feet of bluff deposit, are ash-heaps of consid- erable size, with bones, mussel-shells and pottery.138 STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 10g RINGGOLD CouUNTY. SAC Jordan, ®° in an unsatisfactory article, reports a copper cup found in 1872 by Warner Ruby at Plum Creek, in Knowlton Township; the specimen is now lost. A number of mounds are reported in the neighborhood.‘ Knowlton Mound’’ is described as 500 feet long, 130 feet wide, and 15 feet high; it is said to be serpentine on one side; near the centre black loam nearly 6 feet deep is underlaid by a coarse yellow sand. A skel- eton was removed from here some years ago. ‘The question of the entirely artificial character of this mound is raised. A stone dam, the stones being regularly laid, causing a ‘‘ripple,’’ is mentioned; it might well be natural (?). County. Negus 14 mentions elliptical and circular mounds which yielded no returns to the investigator near Sac City. White "93 examined mounds on the ‘‘second bottom ’”’ floods. Eight mounds with no regular arrangement extend north- well above the reach of river east and south-west ; two of them are oval and six are circular; they vary from 50 feet to 96 feet in diameter, and from 2% to 3 feet high. No relics were found. Scott Country. Pleasant Valley.— Ahrman 37 described a curious relic found by him in digging a post-hole on an old village site, of material resembling yellow clay, but hard as stone. Very smoothly carved though rude and incomplete human form; 6 inches long; face distinctly carved, forenead flat, hands resting on chest, lower limbs not carved out.—— Near the mouth of Duck Creek was a mound with about fifteen interments. Tiffany ‘75 found two lower jaws and the molar tooth of a bison. The same explorer opened two mounds at Gv/éert; one yielded an arrow-head, the other an arrow-head and flint chips.78 East Davenport.— Churchill 3* reports a group of three mounds on the edge of the bluff overlooking Camp McClellan; three hundred yards from the southern line and thirty yards west of the eastern boundary of the Russell estate in Davenport Town- ship. The mounds are in a north-east and south-west line; they are from thirteen to eighteen yards apart. ‘The eastern one is 15 yards in diameter and 3 feet high; the central and western [Proo. D. A. N.8., Vou. VI.] 14 {May 14, 1895.] IIo DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Scorr County— Continued. ones are about g yards in diameter and 2% feet high; they are composed of earth, clay, and black soil, and are built upon the original surface; they yielded no remains or relics. Black oaks from 6 to 8 inches in diameter grow over the middle mound. The shell-beds at East Davenport and on Rock Island, although they have yielded a bone awl, stone axe, hammer-stones, an arrow- head, etc., are believed by Pratt 3 to be natural formations made at times of high water. He, however, makes exception in favor of the one at the lower end of Rock Island, which is eighteen feet above the high-water level, and is irregular in position and thickness. Tiffany has described it; from it came a skull and human bones, as well as the point of an antler similar to speci- mens from some mounds. Davenport.— A copper implement found in excavation for a gasometer, 400 feet north of the Mississippi River, at a depth of 11 feet, in a small fissure or depression in the Devonian rock. The locality is 19% feet above low-water mark. The strata here are 2 feet black soil, 5 feet clay and sand, 2% feet pebbles and bowlders (this probably continues to the rock). The implement is pointed at both ends, tapering from the middle, and is 434 inches long and -inch in diameter. Much oxydized.% Near Davenport (Capt. Hall’s place).— Mound opened. Tif- fany %78 found a copper axe covered with cloth, a stone pipe, four arrow-heads, one worked bone, and a broken crock; also frag- ments of obsidian, a lump of yellow ochre, flakes of mica, and parts of two skeletons. 36 One mile below Davenport, on bank of Mississippi, bearing north-east and south-west (Cook Farm) two hundred and fifty feet from high water mark, though but 8 to 12 feet above it. 55 No.1. Apparently double on surface; diameter 30 feet; height 4 or 5 feet. The structure presents a foot of earth; a layer of stones, nicely joined, 1% feet; 2 inches of shells; a foot of earth; shells 4 inches; under this, at 5 feet, five skeletons of adults, hor- izontal, parallel, and near together. Three lay from east to west, with skull of one on shoulder of next; the other two lay headed 7 west. With the last two were a large sea-shell (Pyzwla perversa) with axis and inner whorls removed; two copper axes, back to back, covered with cloth; one copper awl, a flint arrow-head, two | pipes of stone—one frog, one plain. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. Itt Scorr County— Continued. No. 2. One hundred feet south-west of (1); like it extern- ally. Inside, no layers of shells, but several layers of stone, with a few scattered shells; at 5 feet eight skulls and some fragments of bones; these were lying in a semicircle of five feet diameter and each skull was surrounded by a circle of stones the size of a small fist. The bodies had apparently been buried in a sitting position. Two copper axes; two small copper hemispheres; also one of silver; one bear canine; an arrow-head; red pigment; (bones of small snake, intrusive,); two skull fragments. ps3. One hundred and twenty feet south-west of the last. Largest of series. No layers of shells or stones. At 1% feet, two adult skeletons, horizontal, covered with oak wood; with glass beads, fire steel, clay pipe, silver ear-ring, femur and tibia injured by some sharp instrument. These intrusive. Beneath them at 6 feet, under thin layer of ashes, bones of two adults and of one young infant, the latter covered with copper beads of several sizes and shapes and dyed deep green, and surrounded by a circle of small red stones arranged like the rays of the sun; five copper axes, all more or less cloth-covered; two stone pipes—one plain and one groundhog; teeth drilled and polished, several bear ca- nines, incisors of gnawers, etc., one beaver incisor, fragment arrow- head; three broken pots with bones of river turtle adhering to inside; two pieces of galena; yellow pigment. In the second excavation of this mound by Mr. Gass in 1877 two tablets of bituminous slate bearing engraved designs were found. These have caused much bitter discussion. Farquhar- son 56 carefully described them in an interesting article. Other writers, as Rust 49 and Seyffarth '5° discuss the meaning of the inscriptions they bear. Their authenticity has been questioned by Thomas in various articles, notably in his final report on mound exploration.2#! This is no place for a discussion of the matter, but it is proper to state that the members of the Academy generally have confidence in the genuineness of the specimens. A third tablet, of limestone, bearing curious designs, was found in Mound 11 of the group and has been described by Harrison.73 No. 4. Two hundred and fifty feet south-west of last; of simple construction. At 6 feet, under a layer of 6 inches of ashes, four adult skeletons lying close together ; one copper axe. 112 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Scotr County— Continued. ‘In the earth on which they lay, it could be distinctly seen that they had been enveloped in cloth or some woven material, and at a depth of four feet was a round heap or altar three feet high of stones joined neatly together.’’ No. 5. One hundred feet west of No. 1. In construction like No. 2; several strata of stones with loose shells between them. At 5 feet, parts of two skeletons, above which was a 6-inch layer of hard clay; at same level, three feet north-west, a round heap of stones about 4 feet high. On this lay two very strong thigh- bones and three ribs placed diagonally across each other. Also a few bones leaning against the heap at one side. Stones show fire traces and some are burned, but bones unburned. Some charcoal by these stones. Four or five feet south, confused mass of human bones. Still south 3 feet, under 6 inches of shells, two broken pots; an arrow-head, a stone pipe, and some skeletons. Still south 4 feet, a skeleton lying east and west, and 6 tnches above its skull a copper axe. Also animal teeth, incisors of ro- dents, bear canine, and a vomdel/e 1 inch in diameter. No. 6. One hundred feet south-west of No. 5. Smaller and lower than others; fewer stones, but more shells. At scarcely 3% feet depth, perhaps four skeletons. Only one lay with bones in connection. The others had them more or less separated. Two broken pots, a stone pipe, a stone knife, an arrow-head. No. 7. Out of line with rest. Fifty feet west of No. 6. Small. A layer of stones and under it a thin layer of shells; 3% feet below latter, much crumbled bones, two pots—one much broken, one nearly entire,—some arrow-heads. No. 8. Somewhat larger and higher than average; two hun- dred feet west of No.6. At 4% feet (stones, earth, shells,) two skeletons, woman (?) and child; near together; east and west. To right of the adult were two broken pots, eight pieces galena, two small arrow-heads, stones of various sizes and shapes in a jagged or starlike circle; also piece of mica 6 x 3% inches. Over and around all, loam of some decaying stuff, probably a covering. Vo. 9. One hundred feet north by west from No. 1. Much (3 or 4 feet) reduced by cultivation, etc. Near present surface a few shells and scattered stones. At 31% feet two skeletons, hori- zontal, east to west; much decomposed; skull of western skele- STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF IOWA. 113 Scorr County— Continued. ton preserved; one-half of lower jaw found three feet distant. Of the other skull only the copper-soaked jaw-bone preserved well, stained by axe. Between bodies, stone pipe; obsidian arrow-point, obsidian flakes, small arrow-points of white chert, near second head ; also spoon of river turtle’s scapula. In several mounds broken pottery occurred between surface and deeper part as if pots had been placed on surface of mound. NVo. ro.% Ninety-five feet north-west of No. 1, too feet north- east of No. 5. Smallest and least important; 15 feet diameter, 8 inches high. All-in this row—v7, 5, to,—are less elevated than the others. At 6 inches depth was a closely-packed pile of stones, about 3% feet long east and west, 21% feet from north to south, 2% feet high. The pile rested on a hard clay bottom, 3 feet from surface of ground. ‘The cavity was about 10 feet long east to west, 6 feet wide, over 2 feet deep, rounded at corners and bottom. In the lowest layer of the pile was a flat stone 2 feet long, ro inches wide, 2 inches thick, with smoother side downward. Beneath it were fragments of human leg-bones pressed down into the clay. Two to 21% feet west of this pile, 1 to 114 feet below the surface, a layer of river shells 3 feet long north and south, 21% feet wide, 1 inch thick. ‘This layer was arched, the north and south edges being curved down- ward. Shells badly decayed. ‘Three or four inches below this layer, directly under the middle, several pottery fragments and three small polished stones. The pieces were nicely packed to- gether in a little pile. No other relics or bones. No. 17.73 Sixty-five feet north of No. 1, twenty-five feet south- west of No. 9, of sZgh¢ elevation. Dark soil and red clay mixed. At 14 inches, large, angular pieces of rock laid closely together, with smaller stones fitting places between, 214 x 3 feet; under this a similar layer, etc. At about 3 feet down a flat, unwrought, irregular stone, 14 inches square, 114 inches thick, horizontal. It covered a space, in which lay a tablet; cavity a little larger than tablet, and about 5 inches deep. The floor on which the vault stood was of yellow clay, hard and very compact. ‘Tablet head lay east-north-east. Four flint arrows lay on the tablet with points directed inward —one at top, one at bottom, one at each side midway between top and bottom. On upper left hand corner I1t4 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Scorr County— Continued. a Unio pustulosus with powdered red ochre. A quartz crystal in centre of tablet over the human figure. Outside of and around the vault were many decayed shells and some small potsherds. No bones. Tablet, evenly stratified, non fossiliferous limestone; about 12% inches long, 734 wide, 1¥% thick. Under side a natural cleavage. Upper side somewhat smoothed. An uncouth human figure, astride a circle. Over his head a copper axe; above this at corners are bird-pipes, with eyes of quartz set in with some white cement. Several characters, some like those on other tab- lets. All these are incised; lines in small figures are ,4 inch in depth; in large, 3 or 4 times as deep, wide and coarse. Col- ored deep, bright ochre red. Shows signs of heat, etc. Allen Farm Group. Situated six miles down the river from Davenport, on the extreme edge of the bluff at a half mile from the river ; the mounds are in a curve, following the bluff, with a general trend north-east and south-west. They are overgrown with brush. They are from one hundred to one hundred and fifty feet apart and range from 2 feet to 51% feet inheight. They are described by Pratt in three articles, 13° 21% 219, and are num- bered from the east end. No. z. Bones had been found herein previously. ———Pratt describes the later exploration. The mound was 30 feet in diam- eter and 3 feet high. It yielded eight skulls and many bones ; all were badly decomposed and were scattered except some long bones which were laid side by side; at about 2 feet depth werea number of large, flat, rough slabs of limestone, irregularly placed ; six flint implements were found, some of them immediately below the long bones mentioned above; at three feet from the centre were a quantity of pottery fragments and near them a lot of charred human bones. No. 2. At 4 feet down were four badly decayed and broken skulls, with other bones; no ribs or vertebree were found and probably but parts of the bodies were buried here; the heads are west; a poor discoidal stone, two fragments of stone imple- ments and two small beads of thin copper were obtained ; there was no evidence of fire in the mound. No. 3. Nearly circular ; 30 to 4o feet in diameter and 2% feet high ; some arrow-heads are said to have been found. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 115 Scott County— Continued. Wo. 4. Originally 4 feet or 5 feet high, this had long been removed ; bones of three skeletons, and a sea-shell were found. Vo. 5. Had been removed to make room for a house. Re- mains of several skeletons, including one or two good shells, were found ; one of these is broad at base, ‘‘ gothic formed,’’ and has had several ronded/es cut from it on each side. Vo. 6. Removed in part for a croquet ground ; parts of sev- eral skeletons and two rather light, well-burned earthen jars. What was left of it was examined. It was of mixed clay and black earth, with a few small gravel stones, two or three flint flakes and a piece of limestone. This last is a rough fragment about 10 inches long, 3 inches wide and 1% inches thick ; it was near the south end of the mound, upright, with its upper rather pointed end about a foot and a half below the sod. Under 4 feet of the mixed earth the undisturbed yellow clay was met ; this was the bottom of an excavation made to 1%4-foot below the nat- ural surface ; it was basin-shaped and from 6 feet to 8 feet across, being largest from north to south. Part of the body of a human cervical vertebree was found in the mound; also a well made plain red and gray catlinite pipe, an oval stone about 134 inches by 1% inches and 1 inch thick, anda potsherd. ‘These were all at about 3 feet down. Two mounds in Rockingham examined by Tiffany 17° con- tained decomposing skeletons to the number of about a dozen in each. In a mound in the same locality, already somewhat excavated, he found a small wheel like a pulley made of burnt clay and pounded shells, a red pipestone pipe, three sea-shells— Cassis madagascarensts. The bones found here were badly de- composed. A low, %-foot high, mound on the Heidt farm below Rock- ingham ; it is alongside the River Road. ‘The elevation consists chiefly of stone; under there is the usual mixed earth; a few poorly preserved bones and two flint arrow-heads were found.37 Staffelbach’s Farm, seven miles below the city of Davenport ; three-eighths of a mile from the river. A mound on crest of a spur bearing south of west from main bluff here prominent as Eagle Point. Mound about 25 feet long, 2 feet high. Surface of black soil for 6 to 12 inches; next a burnt indurated clay, in 116 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Scotr County— Continued. color and texture like medium-burnt brick for 30 inches. ‘Then charred human remains 6 to 18 inches. Then undisturbed loéss, imbedded in which a very few decomposed, unburnt bones. No implements of any kind. Considered by Tiffany a cremation furnace. 3° Cleona Township. Gass © describes engraved stones im- bedded in a creek twenty-two miles west of Davenport. Five in all; two were brought to the Academy. ‘The others were removed later. The very large one left is not particularly important. (a). Very dark colored, hard, heavy, coarse greenstone. Ir- regular ; it bears a human head, a quadruped, a bird, a human form, parts of human face and form, some unrecognizable marks. (4). Same material; almost regular oval form ; twice the size of a man’s head. Cut in sharp grooves is a human face. (c). ‘Same material; smaller; a few scratches or irregular lines. (¢). Weighs too pounds or more. Very hard, light-colored quartzite ; an uncouth human head on one side, a rude tree on the other. There are mounds near by. A copper implement was found among the stones two years earlier. In the various articles regarding Scott County mounds pub- lished in the Proceedings of the Academy are figures showing construction and arrangement. ‘These cuts have been loaned to other authors and some have not been returned. As the full series can not be published here all are withheld. (F259 NOTES UPON SCOTT COUNTY SPECIMENS. Physical Anthropology—The bones from the Cook Farm Mounds were usually too badly decomposed for preservation. From Mound 2 were removed two fragments of skulls — only frontal bones, with nasal bones attached. Farquharson 55 says these indicate a highly-arched nose. From JVo. 9 came a skull — fairly preserved. It gave the following measurements: Horizon- tal circumference, 19.5; long diameter, 7; transverse diameter, — 5-25 capacity, cubic inches, 76.2; distance of foramen mag- — num, 1.8; ratio of distance, 0.269; ratio of diameters, 0.752. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 117 Scott County— Continued. Objects of Copper.—The axes are of three shapes—with flat sides, plano-convex, double-convex. All are simply hammered from native copper. Mound. Weight, tbs. Shape. Length. — pee se Thick. a. b. GC. No: 2 TsO 72 (a) % 2X% I U4 Ca INo: 3 1.1564 (a) 1, 234 7 i, C.No..3 0.5387 (0) 45%, 234 1% Vs C.cNo. 3 0.1056 (0) 5% 234 1% fe @- No: 2 0.9961 (0) 5% 254 15% \y% CEeING: oT 0.4242 (6) 3% 2% 134 3% C. No. 4 0.8114 (a) 554 3 17% \y/ No: t 0.4602 (6) 354 2 1% % C2 No.2 0.8464 (a) 6% 234 1 A € Nos 2 0.5085 (2) 3% 2 134 3% CxINo:. 5 1.6575 (0) 6 3% 17% yh C. No. 9 0.8743 (a) 5 23% 134 Y Princeton. 0.4987 (6) 4 2 I as Toolesboro. 0.8171 (a) 5% 25% 1 ae Toolesboro. 1.7700 (2) 5% 2% 13% 4% Toolesboro. 1.6314 (6) 67% 3 1% 5% Toolesboro. 0.5143 (0) 4 24 ry ae Toolesboro. 0.2143-° (6) 3% 17% I A Toolesboro. 2.4985 (c) 534 13% 158 as Toolesboro. 0.9257 (a) 434 2% 1% 3% INos- 1,2, 35 4,5, 12, 14, 16, 19, and 20 aré more or less cov- ered with cloth; 6 and 8 found together, were also cloth-cov- ered, but were scraped on finding. Eleven copper awls were found in mounds (with one excep- tion). They are of ordinary types but some are bent at extrem- ities. Thin copper hemispheres; one, 0.8 inch diameter, weighs 34 grains; the other, o.5 inch diameter, weighs ro grains. With them was found a silver hemisphere 0.7 inch diameter and weigh- ing 13% grains. (These came from the Cook Farm Mounds— INO: 2.) A curious copper implement was found partly washed out from the Cook Farm Group—No. 3. It was produced by hammering [Proo. D. A. N.8., Vou. VI.] 15 [May 20, 1895.] 118 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Scortr County— Continued. —apparently out of an already hammered bar. It is rudely spoon-shaped and weighs 86 grains; the total length is 82 mm.; length of blade, 22 mm.; breadth of handle, 8 mm.; breadth of spoon at widest, 14 mm.; average thickness of handle, 2 mm.; thickness of spoon part, 1 mm.; thickness of middle part of spoon, % mm. A spot of silver occurs on one side. The copper beads are of thin beaten strips of copper rolled up into tubes varying in size and width. Pottery.— Holmes 7° speaks in general of Northern Mississippi ware—dark paste, sand tempered (often granitic), rough fracture, rude finish. Shapes are comparatively simple, often long, taper- ing below, flat-bottomed. Ornamentation of cord impressions, incised lines, and implement indentations. He also describes the same Davenport specimens as Farquharson. (See 55.) Ring; color almost black; fracture, dark gray; specks of shell in the paste. Well baked. The greatest diameter is 144 inches. thickness at the margin, 34-inch; diameter of central aperture, 5g-inch; thickness at edge of aperture, %-inch; depth of groove about edge, %-inch; width of groove, 34-inch. From the groove, eight small holes pass to central aperture of pottery. From the Cook Farm Pratt 32 describes a curious object : — Natural sandstone concretion, firmly attached and almost central upon a flat, thin base-piece of light brown flint. Resembles an animal with broad, flat snout. Lower part carved into a tail and limbs. Eyes of bits of quartz crystal set with some kind of cem- ent. Flint base much worn. Rondelles and post-mortem trepanation. (a). Rondelle cut from squamous portion of the temporal bone. Found in deéris of mound near Davenport (Cook Farm). Circular; an inch in diameter. (4). Part of cranial vault from which seven circular pieces had been cut. Found in mound on Pine Tree Creek, Muscatine County, and alone occupied the base of the mound. (¢). Skull from which three vondel/es had been cut. Found on Allen Farm, near Davenport, at the base of the largest mound in the group. (Farquharson.5+) z Elephant Pipe-— Farquharson 53 describes No. 1 with care:— Soft fragile sandstone; with dark external polish; weight, 164 STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA. 11g Scott County— Continued. grammes; extreme length (of head) 88 mm; height at shoulders, 39; girth, 85; thickness at shoulders, 24; circumference of trunk at extremity of lower tip, 33; length of trunk from tip to angle at mouth, 35; tail length, 29. The animal is represented with feet together, trunk coiled and resting on ground. Mound-builders’ Cloth.37 — Each cord of the warp is composed of two double and twisted cords, and the woof of one, which passes between the two parts of the warp, the latter being twisted at each change, allowing the cord to be brought close together so as to cover the woof almost completely. Holmes 22 also gives a cut of a cloth impression from a pot- tery fragment from Iowa. One series of strands appears to be quite rigid while the other has been pliable and appears in the impression only where they cross the rigid series. Tablets.—Lack of space forbids any details regarding the tab- lets here. A careful study of them will be published in time. Tama County. Beal and Loos *§ expiored a mound three miles west of Zo/edo. Many bones and flint arrow-heads were found; the bones lay without arrangement; one skull had an arrow-head imbedded in it. The bones were all thick and heavy—particularly the small bones. TayLor County. Proudfit 38 mentions ‘‘a large grooved celt of unique design”’ from this county. Van BurEN COUNTY. A group of mounds located upon a sharp ridge overlooks the town of Doud, near the Des Moines River, in the north-west township of the County. 174 193 Thomas further describes these in his final report.??" There are eighteen mounds, circular in form and placed in a nearly straight line on the very crest of a sharp ridge. No. r was 25 feet in diameter and 5 feet high; it yielded two gray disks each 4 inches in diameter, a grooved axe, and flint chips. No. 7 was 20 feet in diameter and 3% feet high; it had a central core of hard earth. No. 12, with a diameter of 25 feet and a height of 4 feet, con- 120 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Van BurEN County—Continued. tained, under the hard core and at depth of original surface, de- cayed human bones and three fragments of dark-colored pottery. No. rg yielded nothing. No. 15, of same size as No. 12, contained scarcely more than traces of a skeleton which lay with head north, beneath a very hard core. Negus 4 refers to mounds near Az/bourne. Two opened yielded human bones; the mounds were 130 feet in circumfer- ence and 6 feet high. From far above Pittsburg to a point several miles below Keo- sauqua, according to Evans,45 a continuous chain of works is to be seen. The Dahlbergs 35 describe pottery found near the mouth of Chequest Creek at Prttsburg, on the Des Moines River; the paste was composed of clay and sand mixed with small pebbles; the pottery was hard, firm and durable; vessels of at least 18 inches diameter at the mouth appear to have been represented among the fragments; rude ornamentation of nodes and incised lines; some edges were crimped.———They also mention a bed of ashes and charcoal 3 inches thick and 2 feet from the surface, in the river bank. Evans 4+ describes mounds between Pittsburg and Keosauqua. Thus in V.-£.4% S.2£.% Sec. 3 (see map) is a mound on a bluff point, two hundred feet from the water’s edge, and one hundred feet above the stream. Init, at 2 feet down, was found a human skeleton, except the lower jaw and leg-bones, with potsherds ; the head of the skeleton was toward the south-east; the skull was somewhat Neanderthaloid. Fifteen rods north 55° west from last, was a half-moon-shaped mound, about two hundred feet from the water’s edge; thigh-bones were found in it. Fifteen rods north 45° west from last was a mound, which yielded only a small fragment of pottery. In the V.-W.14 S.-W.14 Sec. 2, (see map) at thirty rods south 45° east from the mouth of Ely’s Creek, one hundred feet above the water and twenty rods from its edge, was a mound 60 feet in diameter and 5 feet 6 inches high. At 5 feet down was a thigh- bone; an upper arm-bone and fresh-water shells were also found. White "95 19° and Evans 44 describe the shell heap at Avosaugqua, STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF IOWA, [21 VAN BurEN CouNTY—Continued. on the Des Moines River, twenty rods north 55° west from the mouth of Ely’s Creek; it is forty feet from the river’s edge and twenty feet above its bed. About 4 feet in thickness, of silt-like material derived from floods, is crowded with CUnvzos of a dozen species; bones of deer are common, and the long bones are split open for marrow ; bones of bear, wolf, dog, and snapping-turtle {LE eae f; are also found. Flint flakes, arrow-heads, a greenstone axe and pottery fragments were found; the pottery is of common clay with sand tempering and is poorly burned ; its ornamentation is simple, of lines or cord markings; pieces of limestone laid together show evidence of fire action. Wilson "98 reports five rude chipped implements from a depth of 2 to 5 feet in a clay soil, from near Bonaparte. ee EEE eee 122 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. WaPELLO COUNTY. Negus !°+ #95 gives some indefinite statements regarding mounds in this county and Fulton 59 refers to some fully described by Evans. Ketterman '® states that a line of mounds runs from north to south through the county and mentions those in Zz. ‘i Yo, Mel G Ws The only serious work is that of Evans. 44-48 Near O/stumwa—to the north (see map) on the Hederick Farm—is a group of mounds. ‘Two are prominent; one is 50 feet in diameter. No relics were secured except a few chips of flint. ; Sugar Creek Mounds (see map). Two were examined. No. 7. On the highest point about ; overlooks the next one and the Trawell Group. In circumference 150 feet, it has a di- ameter of 50 feet and a height of 3%. It yielded bits of char- coal and decomposed ashes. STARR—SUMMARY OF THE ARCHASOLOGY OF IOWA, 123 WaPELLO County— Continued. Vo. 2 was 180 feet in circumference, 60 feet in diameter; it yielded a few bones but no relics. East of No. 1 and one-fourth mile away are the remains of an old hearth, near which a number of arrow-heads were found. Trawell Group (see map). Consists of three mounds of same size and appearance as the last. From one was taken a small hatchet of greenstone. Stiles Group (see map). Yielded a few broken arrow-heads, a small greenstone hatchet, and some bits of obsidian. Village Creek Groups (see map). ‘There are seven or eight mounds in each of the two groups; the eastern group is ona high ridge ; the mounds are about 150 feet in circumference and 4 feet high ; they are about one hundred and fifty feet apart. Structure as shown in them is: 1 foot earth; 2 inches of ashes, charcoal, and calcined bones; two other ash-layers at about 1 foot inter- vals ; these ash-layers extend to the very edge of the mound. Similar evidences of fire action are found in the western group. Chfiand. Six miles from Ottumwa, on a high site in view of the Village Creek Groups and on the opposite side of the river from them, are three mounds, about forty rods apart and ranging east and west; the easternmost is much like the Village Creek mounds, consisting of clay and ashes; it is 50 feet in diameter and nearly 4 feet high ; in it were several small pieces of mag- nesian limestone, yellow and red sandstone, and a few bits of flint, all showing signs of having been heated. No bones were found, but a gray pulpy mass may be traces of them. Near £/don, in Washington township, one and a half mile east of the village, on level river bottom land are three east and west lines of mounds. ‘There are five in each range; the ranges are about eighty yards apart ; the mounds measure from ro to 50 feet in diameter and from 1% to 2% feet high. They consist of loose sand and mould and are supposed to be fairly recent graves of Omaha Indians. Thomas describes this region 27" and assigns a group of mounds south of Eldon to the Iowas and a group further south, and just north of Iowaville, to the Pottawatomies. Black Hawk’s grave is with the former group. Near it also are three hard worn par- allel tracks nearly a mile long—a race-course. 124 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. WARREN COUNTY. Morgan ‘74244 mentions a mound in this county which con- tained a great number of skeletons. WEBSTER COUNTY. Aldrich! mentions several mounds on the Des Moines River, six or eight miles above Ft. Dodge. In one an arched structure was found. Ft. Dodge.— Fulton 59 mentions at this locality mounds and an embankment, with gateways and openings, enclosing many acres. Williams ?97 mentions excavations which yielded parts of thigh-bones, imperfect skulls, teeth, coals, pieces of burned wood, etc. He inclines to the belief that they are house sites. The latter author also mentions mounds at forks of Boone River. Wooppury County. Fulton 59 states that a mound in this county, measuring 65 feet by roo feet, contained seventeen skeletons, one sitting, the rest lying feet to feet in two rows; at the head of the rows was an earthen vessel Skeletons and relics were found in a mound at Sioux City.2°7 WRIGHT CounTY. One mile north-east of C/arion were twenty pits in an ellip- tical form, within an area of one acre; the pits were 3 feet by 10 feet and from 2 to 3 feet deep and were spaced ; an opening oc- curred in their arrangement on the south-east; many animal bones were found. (Fulton. 59) ) a WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. I N U1 A LIST OF COLEOPTERA FROM THE SOUTHERN SHORE OF LAKE SUPERIOR. With Remarks on Geographical Distribution. BY H. F. WICKHAM, M.S. SINCE the publication in 1850 of Dr. Leconte’s ‘‘General Remarks on the Coleoptera’’ in Agassiz’s ‘‘ Lake Superior,’’ a good deal of attention has been bestowed upon the beetles of that region, partially because of the considerable number of new species brought to light by the explorations preceding the bringing out of the report, and perhaps more by the early-recognized fact that a number of the forms taken in the district have a wide Northern and Alpine distribution. In 1878 Messrs. Hubbard and Schwarz brought out their ‘‘List of Coleoptera Found in the Lake Superior Region,’’ which contains the results of long-continued and careful collecting by the authors, with the addition of all the species taken by Dr. Leconte in his previous explorations. Over twelve hundred names are given of Coleoptera from various points on both shores of the lake and from some of the larger islands. Several short reports were afterwards published by Dr. Leconte, which contain lists of species taken by members of the Geological Survey of Canada, but only a few are additional to those enumerated in the Hubbard and Schwarz List. My own collections were all made at Bayfield, Wisconsin, on the southern shore of the lake, and about sixty miles from the western end. Most of the work leading to the preparation of the lists men- tioned in the preceding paragraph had been done far to the eastward, and to this fact may be due the large number of names—over 200— contained in my list and wanting in the others. About 500 of those I enumerate had already been found at some point in this basin. Bayfield lies in a lumbering district and is surrounded by heavy forests of coniferous trees with their usual concomitants of underbrush, the whole making a closely-packed mass of vegetation almost impene- trable and so dense as to preclude the use of the beating or sweep-net [Proo. D. A. N §, Vol. VI.) 16 [December 14, 1895.] _ 126 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. : except in partially-cleared openings or along wood-roads. The face | of the country is extremely rough, bold rocky hills alternating with deep ravines, most of which form the course of some small stream, or, failing this, there may be a series of small cold pools with boggy spots between. The lake shore is in most places bordered by high bluffs, but two or three fine beaches are within easy reach, and with the marshes lying back of them furnished quite a number of forms not found elsewhere in the vicinity. A peat-bog of several acres in extent also proved very productive of peculiar species. Very little farming has been carried on, and consequently we find few introduced species, so that almost the entire number of those enumerated may be con- sidered indigenous. The period covered by my collections is that between the middle of June and the end of July. This will account for certain deficiencies in the list which will be evident to every one who is familiar with the Spring fauna of our Northern States. Thus the poor showing in the Staphylinide, Pselaphidee, and Scydmeenide may be partially ex- plained. The Carabide are tolerably well represented, but the curious absence of any species of the genus Brachinus is worthy of note, since a number of them are found in the Canadian provinces to the east- ward. ‘There is a good representation of the genus P/atynus (as usual in our northern regions) and of HYarfalus, while the Scaritini are but poorly developed, only three species of one genus (Dyschirius) appear- ing on the list. The Water Beetles were not found in such abundance as I had hoped from a perusal of lists from northern localities, and of those named in the present report a great part were taken not in water but under moss in damp spots—a peculiarity which I have noted in some species of Agadus collected on a previous trip to Alaska. - Sein- ing was very unproductive, but a good many things were washed up 8 by the lake on stormy days, and might be picked up along the beach, some of them alive, others apparently drowned by the buffeting of the . surf. Staphylinidz were not given quite as much attention as some other families, and as the North American Aleocharini are for the most part undescribed, but few of them appear in the list. The absence ‘ of Avedius is of interest, and is to be noted as a companion incident to the dearth of Scaritini, mentioned above. Most of the small Silphidz were taken in slime-moulds of the genus Stemonitis, though a Agathidium may be taken on various fungi or in rotten wood pene- ; trated by the mycelia. In the Coccinellide the occurrence of Wyper- aspis quadrivittata is very interesting, as it is more essentially southern 4 v WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. 127 in distribution. Only one specimen was obtained, and this may possibly have been blown from some vessel bearing freight from a southern port. The genus Devmestes was not met with, though traps for carrion beetles were quite productive of other kinds. Saprinus /ugens has been found to extend its range into the Lake Superior basin, and the occurrence of Cydodes biplagiatus in numbers may be worthy of note. Of the Elateridz it is a pleasure to record the capture of a fine specimen of JZegapenthes rogersii, a rare insect recorded hitherto only from Canada, while the fine development attained by the genus Corymbites should receive attention. But few Scarabzeide were seen, only one of which, Aphodius hamatus, seems worthy of special remark, from its habit of living in the rotting vegetable mould of swamps rather than in animal excrement, as usual with this genus. ‘The Cer- ambycidz form nearly a tenth of the whole list; their great abundance may be directly traced to the forest-covered condition of the district, and the genera and species are, in the main, such as follow in their distribution that of the coniferous forests of the north. ‘The Lepturini are especially noticeable, almost every umbelliferous flower-head having its specimens feeding, while sumach and certain Rosacez were also favorite haunts. Certain species seem to prefer certain flowers— for example, Gawrotes cyanipennis was found almost exclusively on sumach blossoms. Many Longhorns, that were not otherwise met with, were cast up alive by the waves, among them the rare M/onohammus marmo- rator. Chrysomelidze are rather few in species, and ordinarily in in- dividuals as well, the occurrence of Gonzoctena pallida is quite charac- teristic of the boreal element in the fauna. Avxfthicus pallens is a curious form, with a coloration resembling that of some sea-coast Anthicide; it is found under logs in the fine white dry sand of the beaches, and is interesting because of its being found on the sea- beaches of Florida and New Jersey as well. Im looking over the list of Rhynchophora perhaps the most striking feature lies in the entire absence of the group Barini. ; A perusal of the list of beetles which follows will show that the majority of them extend to the north and east into the Canadian provinces of Ontario and (Quebec, since it is, in almost every case, from these parts of the Dominion that the records which are desig- nated in my notes as Canadian, have come. ‘The Michigan records are mostly taken from Hubbard, and refer chiefly to the lower penin- sula, especially the region about Detroit. Those from Colorado are almost entirely confined to altitudes of above 6,000 feet, and are 128 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. drawn from lists of various writers, chiefly Schwarz, Bowditch, Put- nam, Packard, and Cockerell, while the New Jersey ones come from the list of Smith. Dr. Hamilton has lately printed valuable compiled catalogues of Alaskan and circumpolar Coleoptera, which have been used freely and proved very helpful. In addition to the above, all the extensive faunal lists published in this country have been gone over, as well as most of the smaller ones, and nearly all of the mono- graphic or synoptic works of systematists. It is, therefore, hoped that with the addition of many hitherto unpublished data derived from my own collection, a fair idea may be had of the distribution in this country of the species mentioned in this report. It is, however, a most unfortunate fact that there are immense stretches of country, even in thickly-settled districts, from which we have literally no in- formation except shreds scattered through descriptive papers, and every collectioh of any size must, without doubt, hold much that is new to us in the way of distributional data. The time for an accurate map of the faunal regions of the continent has not yet come—nor will it before another century at least of care- ful investigation has enabled us to fix approximately the range of the rarer forms of insect life. It is evident to any one who will read with care and with some understanding of the general principles of distri- bution, that many of the recent theories as to the division of our country into ‘‘life-zones’’ have very little foundation in fact. If better proof were wanting of this, we might point to that of authors changing from year to year their arbitrary arrangement of our zoo- geographical regions—uniting to-day two or three of those of older authors, and separating them again a few months later on. All this may or may not be progress, but it will all have to be gone over again in the light of a wider knowledge than seems to be at present in the possession of certain writers who cannot rest without having first shown us that all previously conceived ideas are totally wrong, and that their explanation of the distribution of life is the only plausible one. A single group of animals may or may not’indicate in a gen- eral way the lines of distribution followed by a larger number — but it is manifestly unreasonable to hope for a stable method of division of a country into life-zones before the life of that country is well known. Local lists must form the basis of our work in this line for a long time to come, and in this direction the present report is offered and must here find its only value. For the sake of facilitating a compre- hension of the affinities of the Bayfield fauna to certain others I have WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. 129 made a few comparisons in tabular form which will show the number of genera and species common to their lists. Others might be made with profit, but these are sufficient to show that there is much less of a North-Pacific element in certain parts of the Lake region than might be supposed from a glance at bio-geographical maps, while a very large percentage of forms extend south-east and south. It will be noted that fewer species are common to the Bayfield list and that of Alaska than to Bayfield and Europe. ‘The lists I have used in making the table are as follows. Each has approximately the number of species set opposite the name. eM EESOY a COMM eB MOMMt He 2h. os were piniaare nels oblsacieie sae og as 2,068 Michigan, lower pen., Henry G.’ Hubbard and E.A. Schwarz. 1,775 Puackaycomprled list, John Eamiltom...3...0..02..2..6.. 5. 547 Europe and Asia, compiled list, John Hamilton............ 504 Ice hoy VLoumtaims He AS SCHWAIZ ...3 6.065. cate da eta nae ne due 659 Canada (Ont. and Queb.), list issued by the Ent. Soc. of On- tario, with additions chiefly by Harrington and Kilman. ..2,500 Iowa, lists of Osborn and of my own, with additions from my Hamp SIeCINE EC EOROS chet n iti sue secs Raa ai closie va wo thealels 1,425 I have selected the list of Mr. Schwarz as being the largest of any of those from the Rocky Mountains, and being approximately of the same extent as my Bayfield catalogue. Of course if a compiled list were used which should include all the known forms from the moun- tains the number common to the two places would be much increased. TABLE OF BEETLES. COMMON TO BAYFIELD AND SPECIES. GENERA. INGW IEE aeanisties ca cblao epee 436 352 Michigan (Lower Peninsula)... 447 343 PNIGISIRE), 6 as 5 Bin oe Hea en eee Fp 139 Bmroperand: Asiaw 2. be 92 ste Rocky Mountains (Schwarz list) 106 187 Canada (Ontario and Quebec). . 563 374 HONVELS.o hall oes HOt ORO ne EEE noe 335 303 No claim can be made that this table shows the exact relations of the fauna—the difference in size between the lists precludes even the possibility —but it gives at a glance what is not quite so evident in reading over the following record of the species taken at Bayfield. | have marked with an asterisk those that are not in the Hubbard and y s i30 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Schwarz catalogue. It is with pleasure that I have to acknowledge the kind assistance of Dr. George H. Horn in making comparisons of specimens in difficult genera with those in his own collection. The identifications of all the species of Hydroporus, Agabus, and Amara, as well as most of those of H/arpfalus, are from him. Mr. Hayward has named the-Aemébidia, while Captain Casey furnished names of two: or three Staphylinide and of Anthicus. The heavy task of looking over the literature of the subject for records has been shared and materially lightened by the ever ready help of my wife. LIST OF SPECIES. CICINDELID&. Cicindela longilabris Say. Can., Alaska (Yukon River), Hud. Bay Terr., Nova Scotia, Wis., Colo., Nebr., Mich., Utah, Mon., Cals Oregon; the last four localities: are for the green form. Mt. Washington, N. H. . Cicindela 6-guttata var, patruela Dej. Colo., N. Y., N. J., Pa., Md.; the other varieties occur in the Eastern U. S. generally, es- pecially northward, and as far west as Nebr. Cicindela purpurea et var. /imbais Klug.* Nev., Colo., New Mex., Iowa, N. Y., N. J., Ohio, Ky., Kans. In its many forms, purpurea is quite generally distributed in the U. S. and Canada. Cicindela vulgaris Say. Kans., Nebr., Can., Mt. Wash., N. H., Iowa, Ohio, Vt., N. Y:, Wyo., Nova Scotia, N. J., New Mex., Cal., Oreg., B. C., Md., Ky., and ‘‘in almost every part of the U. S.’’ (Schaupp. ) Cicindela repanda Dej., et var. 72-gw/tafa Dej. Can., Mt. Wash., N. H., Iowa, Col., Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., Wyo., Nova Scotia, N. J., Atlantic to Pacific, Hudson’s Bay to New Mex. and Ariz. Cicindela hirticollis Say. New Mex., Ariz., Cal., Kans., Nebr., Can., Towa, Miach.;+Vt., Nv ¥:, Plas INS jp) tee CARABID#. Omophron americanum Dej. Kans., Nebr.,-Can., Iowa, Colo., (LV) Mich., .Qhio,. N..¥.,-N. ].3-New Mex. ies Omophron tessellatum Say. Can., Iowa, Ohio, N. Y., N. J., At- lantic Region in general. WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. [31 Cychrus nitidicollis Chevr.* (var. near brevoorti Lec.) Can. and Maine. ‘The other forms occur from ‘‘ Hudson’s Bay to North- ern Virginia.’’ Cychrus lecontei Dej. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., Nova Scotia, N. J. This is considered one of the forms of stenostomus which has a range from ‘‘ Can. and Mich. to N. C.”’ Nomaretus bilobus Say. Iowa, N. Y., Mo, Ohio. Calosoma frigidum Kirby. Can., Mt. Wash., N. H., Mich., N.Y., Indiana. : Calosoma calidum Fabr. Colo., Iowa, Kans., Nebr., Can., Mich., Ohio, Vt.. N. Y., Nova Scotia,-N. J.; Mont., New Mex., ‘‘U. 5S. in general.’’ Elaphrus clairvillei Kirby. Can., Iowa, Mich., N. Y. Elaphrus ruscarius Say. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Nova Scotia, Ne» J: Colo. Blethisa quadricollis Hald. Can., N. J., Ill. Loricera czrulescens Linn. Can., Alaska, Cal., Mich., Nova Scotia, ‘‘ Northern U: S. and Europe.’’ Notiophilus zneus Hbst. Can., Iowa, Mich., N. J., ‘‘ Northern Wigs:: Notiophilus hardyi Putz.* Can., Colo. (g,400—13,000 ft.), Mich., Ohio, Newfoundland, N. Y., Idaho, Mont. Nebria pallipes Say. Can., Mt. Wash., N. H., lowa, Mich., N. Y., Nev: +ea., Va. Dyschirius zneolus Lec. Iowa, Colo. (G., A.), Mich., Can., Cal., BC; Dyschirius globulosus Say. Can., Iowa, Ohio, N. Y., Fla., N. J., Idaho, New Mex. Dyschirius setosus Lec. Can., Mich., N. Y., Mass., Pa Nomius pygmzeus Dej. Can., N. Y., Ga. to Cal., Ala., N. C., Colo., Wash., (Hamilton). Also in Europe. Bembidium carinula Chaud. Can., Colo. (8,000 ft.), N. Y. Bembidium coxendix var. zitidudum Dej.** Can., Lowa, Ohio, Vt., Golo:; N.. J. Bembidium concolor Kirby. Can., N. Y. Bembidium chalceum Dej. Can., lowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y.,N. J. 132 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Bembidium nitidum Kirby. Kans., Nebr., B. C., Custer County, Colo:,; Vt.~N, vo Ne Bembidium transversale Dej. Can., Colo., Mich. Bembidium sp. aff. variegatum Say. Bembidium flavopictum Mots.* Alaska, So. Cal., Baja Cal., Arizona. Region west of Miss. River generally. Can., B. C., Iowa, Ohio, N. Y., II. Bembidium scopulinum Kirby. Can., Mt. Wash., N. H., Vt., Mich. Bembidium quadrimaculatum Linn.* Nev., Kans., Neb., Can., N. H., Iowa, Mich., Ohio; Vt., N. Y., N. J., Europe; Alpers Siberia. Tachys nanus Gyll. Can., Alaska, U. S. generally. Found also in Europe, Asia, and Northern Africa. Tachys flavicauda.Say.* Kans., Nebr., Can., Mich., lowa, Ohio, Mise Ot We slay Ne Pas Tachys incurvus Say. Kans., Nebr., Can., Colo. (Custer Co.), Iowa, Mich.; Ohio, Vt., N. Y., Fla., N. J., New Miexciaeae: Patrobus longicornis Say. Can., lowa, Colo. (G., L. V.), Ohio, ites INS oN. pe, exe Pa Trechus chalybeus Mann. Alaska, B.C., Wash., Ore., Cal., Colo., New Mex., Mich., N. H., Mass., Vt., Labrador, Mont. Myas cyanescens Dej. Can., Mich., Vt., N. Y., No jejeea Pterostichus adoxus Say. Can., Iowa, Mich., N. J., N. Y., Ga., Pa, Mids Vas Dis Waa- Pterostichus coracinus Newm. Can., Mt. Wash., N. H., Iowa, Mich., Ohio; Vt2cN. Jz, DOYS Vaged ennsePae ie Pterostichus mutus Say. Kans, Nebr , Can , Iowa, Mich, Vt., Ni Je, bas Golo: Pterostichus luczotii Dej. Colo , Oreg., Can , Alaska, B. C., Hud. Bay Terr, Me, N. Y., N.H, Pa, Nebr., Mich., Wyo., New Mex., Labrador, Dak. Pterostichus patruelis Dej. Can , Alaska, Hud. Bay Terr, N.Y, N. H., Pa., Mich , Iowa, N. J., Mont. Amara lacustris Lec.* Can , Wyo., Colo. Amara exarata Dej.* Can., Ohio, N. J , ‘‘ Middle States,’’ Pa., lowa. WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. 13 Amara septentrionalis Lec. Lake Superior (Lec ), Manitoba Amara polita Lec. Kans., Nebr., New Mex , Can., Colo. (CkIL), Ohio, Mont. Amara obesa Say. N. Y., D.C, Ind., Mich., Mont., Idaho, Hud Bay Ter., Colo., Nebr., Utah, Oreg., Wash , Kans., Can., Iowa, Nite Nico Nes NL. J. Amara Fees culls Savsenn., Ohio), Ul. D: Ci, Nae... Nebr. Arizona, Iowa, Mass., Kans., New Mexico, Can., Colo. (Ckll.), Ng We: Vai, Diplochila laticollis Lec. Kans., Nebr., Can., Iowa, Mich., N Re eelans Nie, Ll. Ind:,: Dak. Badister pulchellus Lec.* Can., Iowa, Mich., N.Y. , Ind., Idaho. Calathus gregarius Say. Iowa, Kans., Nebr., Can., Mich., Ohio, WiwNaaYs, NeJ. to Flay and ‘Tex. Calathus impunctatus Say. Can., Mich., N.J., N. Y., Lowa, B. Co Dak. Platynus decens Say. Can., Mich., N. J., Se Grae Le Platynus sinuatus Dej. Can., Mt. Wash., N. H., Iowa, Mich., Ohio t:, N: Y-,, \N. J. Oreg.7 ud. Bay emons) Labrador, B. Van. Isl, Mont., Idaho. Platynus tenuicollis Lec.’ N. J. Platynus anchomenoides Rand. Can., Vt., N. Y., B.C., Mass., Maine. Platynus obscurus Herbst-* Can, Iowa, Mich, N. Y., Idaho, Vt., Mass., Ill., Kans., Oreg. Platynus atratus Lec. Can., N.J., ‘‘Eastern and Middle States’’ (Lec.) Platynus propinquus G. & H.* Can., N. J., Mass , Nova Scotia. Platynus affinis Kirby.* Can’, Colo. (?) (CkIl.), Mich., N. Y., N. J., Mass. Platynus carbo Lec. Hud. Bay Region. Platynus metallescens Lec. Can., N. J., Hud. Bay Ter. Platynus cupripennis Say. Nev., Cal., Can , N. H., Iowa, New Mex Color, (A.,) Mich., N. Y:, N. J, Oreg., Mont., Wyo., Wash., Van. Isl. [Proo. D. A. N §, Vol. VI.] 17 (January 6, 1896. / 134 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Platynus excavatus Dej.* Can, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J. Platynus ferreus Hald.* Can., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J. Platynus placidus Say.* Colo., New Mex., Can , Iowa, Mich., Ohio, .N: ¥., N- J-; Maine, Dak: Platynus obsoletus Say. Colo., Can., Alaska, B. C., Hud. Bay Ter., Mich., N. Y.; Iowa, Mt. Wash., N. H., Vt., Ores, (iting is the same as dogemanni Europe and Siberia may be added. Platynus quadripunctatus De Geer. Can., Alaska, Hud. Bay Ter , N. Y., Pa, Mich., Idaho, Colo, Mont , New, Mex3hie Wash , N. H., Siberia and Europe. Platynus punctiformis Say.* Kans, Nebr., Tex., Can., Ohio, IN. Weg Plas OSS; INS oat ake a Wa Platynus picicornis Lec. Jasper House, Alberta. Platynus ruficornis Lec. Can., Alaska, lowa, Mt. Wash., N. H., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J. Platynus retractus Lec.* Can., Mass., Pa. Platynus picipennis Kirby. Can., Mich., N. Y., N. J., Mass., Kans., Pa. Olisthopus parmatus Say. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. J., Pa., NN.) Vos. Ind.¢ Gas, Minn: Galerita janus Fabr.* Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., Fla., N. J., Kans., Nebr. Lebia atriventris Say.* Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J., Va., Pa., Dak. Lebia viridis Say. Colo., Tex. (Mex. boundary), Kans., Nebr., Can., Iowa, Ariz., Mich., Ohio, N.'Y., Utah, Hla) Nay vias ‘*Maine to Oregon and south to Guatemala’’ (Horn). Lebia pumila Dej. Kans., Nebr., Can., Mt. Wash., N. H., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., N. J., Maine, Ga. Lebia fuscata Dej. Can., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Fla., N. J., Mo. Lebia furcata Lec. Kans., Nebr., Can., Colo., New Mex., Ohio, N. Y., Fla., Cal., Mo., Idaho, Tex. (Mex. boundary). Dromius piceus Dej. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N.Y., N. J., Cal., Mass. Apristus cordicollis Lec.* N.J., N. Y., Middle States and Can. WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. [35 Blechrus nigrinus Mann. Can., New Mex., Colo., (( ‘kll.,) Lowa, Nighi Nees Nev .> (Cal, Van. Isl., Wyo., Dak., Mo.; perhaps the European-Asiatic elabratus. Pinacodera limbata Dej.* Iowa, Mich., Vt., N. Y., N. J. Cymindis cribricollis Dej. Colo., Oreg., Kans., Nebr., Can. Wash., N.H., Mich., B. C., Newfoundland, N. Mex., Mont. NeDako Ne W4/T., Wyo. Cymindis borealis Lec.* Vt., North Red River, Nova Scotia. b , Chlzenius sericeus Forst. Cal., Nev., Kans , Nebr., New Mex., Can., lowa, Colo., Mich., Ohio, Vt., N.Y., Wyo, N. J. Every- where in U. S. and Canada; also in Mexico. Chizenius pennsylvanicus Say. Cal., Nev., Kans., Nebr., N. Mex., Can., Iowa, Colo., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Fla., N.J., Oreg., Wash., Ariz. Chizenius tomentosus Say. Kans., Nebr., Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., N. J., east of Rocky Mountains generally. Brachylobus lithophilus Say. Kans., Nebr., Colo., Iowa, Can., Ohio, No V5 Ns J.j¢ lex, Dak., Oreg. Geopinus incrassatus Dej. Kans., Nebr., New Mex., Can., Iowa, Muich:, Ohio, N..¥., N.. J. Agonoderus pallipes Fabr. N. Mex., Tex., Can., Colo., Iowa, Mieh:; Ohio, Vt., N.Y, N. J., U.S. generally. Agonoderus partiarius Say. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., NL. Je, U.S. generally. Harpalus vulpeculus Say.* Can., Ohio, N. J., N. Y. Harpalus calignosus Fabr.* Ariz., Utah, Kans., Nebr., N. Mex., Gani loway Mich., Ohio, Tex., Vt., N.Y., N:J.,.So. Dak., Ala. Harpalus pennsylvanicus De Geer. Kans., Nebr., New Mex., Cane Lowa; Mach:, Ohio; Vt.,: N: Y.,\ Utah, -Ela., N.-J. Harpalus fallax Lec.* New Mex., Vt., N. J., Atlantic States, Van. Is]., Wyo., Nev. Marpalus innocuus Lec. Can., Alaska, N. W. T., Mich., B. C., Wash., Idaho. Harpalus rufimanus Lec. Can., B. C. Harpalus lewisii Lec. Can. Harpalus sp. incog. 136 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Harpalus oblitus Lec. vel sp. aff., determination uncertain. /. oblitus is found in Nev., Kans., Nebr., New Mex., Colo. (9,500 jy Bate: Stenolophus fuliginosus Dej. Can., Iowa, Mich., N. J., N. Y., Wash. Stenolophus conjunctus Say. Can., N. H., Colo., lowa, Mich., Ohio,.N. Y., N. J., ‘‘from Atlantic to Pacific’’ (Lec.) Stenolophus ochropezus Say. So. Cal., Baja Cal., Ariz., New Mex., Kans., Nebr., Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Fla:, N. J., Atlantic Region generally. A variety occurs in Kamtschatka. Tachycellus nigrinus Dej. Can., Alaska, B. C., Queen Charlotte Isl.’ Cal alo. Anisodactylus rusticus Dej.** Kans., Nebr., New Mex., Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., Fla., N. J., ‘‘ east of Rocky Mts. generally,’’ Colo. Anisodactylus harrisii Lec. Can., Mich., Ohio, Newfoundland, Pai. ind: Anisodactylus discoideus Dej. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Wane e* Bas to. Migs?7 Anisodactylus baltimorensis Say. Kans., Nebr., Can., lowa., Colo., Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., N. J., Atlantic Region generally. Anisodactylus terminatus Say. Kans., Nebr., Can., lowa, Mich. INS Weel. Iie Vito, Vac Ole: Anisodactylus sericeus Harr. Can., lowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J., west to Nebraska. HALIPLID. Haliplus ruficollis De Geer, Laramie, Wyo., lowa, Col., (7,600- 8,000 ft.), Can., Ohio, Vt., N: Y., N. J., Hud. Bay, New Meas Europe, and Siberia. DYTISCID#. Laccophilus maculosus Germ. Eastern U.S. generally, south to Ga., west to Kans., Can., New Mex., (Ulke.) Bidessus sp. incog. ‘This species I have been unable to identify ; and Dr. Horn, to whom it was submitted, remarks that it is dif- ferent from any in his collection. WICKHAM—A LIST OFCCOLEOPTERA. 137 Ccelambus impressopunctatus Schall. Can., (north to 55°,)N. Y., Mass., Pa., Mich., Ill., N. J., Wyo., Alaska; also in Siberia and Europe. Hydroporus dimidiatus G. & H.* Nebr., Kans., Wyo., Tex. Hydroporus tenebrosus Lec. Can., N. J., B. C., Labrador. Idaho, Mts. of Ariz. Hydroporus despectus Sharp.* Can. Hydroporus longiusculus G.& H. Alaska. ‘Identified by de- scription only, as I have no type,’’ (Horn in litt.) Hydroporus tartaricus Lec. Colo., (alpine), Hud. say Region, Alaska, Mich.; also found in Siberia and Europe. Hydroporus stagnalis G. & H. Can., Iowa, N. if VE! Hydroporus terminalis Sharp.* Cal. Ilybius pleuriticus Lec.* lIowa., Pa., N. Y., Colo. Ilybius angustior Gyll. Alaska, Can., (north to 65°), Labrador, Kans; also in Europe, Lapland. Ilybius biguttalus Germ. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, VtsJN: INTE OS] Keel ere eae or 18 Agabus intersectus Cr.* Colo., (Custer Co.,) Cal., Wyo., Utah, Orec. ind: Ter. Agabus stagninus Say.* Can., Ohio, Pa. bat Agabus semipunctatus Kirby. Alaska, Can., Mich., Mo., N. Y., Labrador. Agabus zneolus Cr. Can., Mich., N. Y., Pa., Newfoundland, Labrador, Oreg., Wash. Agabus confinis Gyll. Alaska, Can., (north to 54°), Vt., Mich., Kans., Hud. Bay. Europe, Siberia. Agabus anthracinus Mann. Alaska, Can., Hud. Bay Region, B.Ce, Van. Isl:; Mt. Wash., N. H. Agabus morosus Lec.* Nev., Colo, San Francisco, Cal. Agabus obsoletus Lec.* San Diego, Cal. Agabus reticulatus Kirby. Can., Labrador, Mass., N. H., Siberia, Europe. Agabus nigrozeneus Er. B.C., N. W. T. Rhantus binotatus Harr. Cal., Baja Cal., Hud. Bay Region south through Can., N. H., Mich., N. Y., Utah, N. J., Kans., Nebr., New Mex., Colo., (CkIl.) B. C.; Mexico, Labrador? 138 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Colymbetes longulus Lec.* Can., Kans. Colymbetes sculptilis Harr. Can., lowa, Mich., N. Y., B. C., N. J., Nebr., Idaho, Oreg., Cal., Labrador, Wyo., Man., IIl. Dytiscus verticalis Say. Can., N. J., Pa., Ga. Acilius mediatus Say.* Iowa, N. Y., Nebr., Pa., Ga. Graphoderes cinereus Linn. Can., Iowa, Mich., N. J., Pa., N. Y., Ind., Mass., Mo., Cal., Wash., Man., Europe and Siberia. GYRINID&. Gyrinus minutus Fabr. Can., Mich., Vt., Labrador, Wash., Oreg.; also in Europe and Siberia. Gyrinus ventralis Kirby. Can., lowa, Mich., B. C., N.J., Pa.,N.H. Gyrinus maculiventris Lec. Jowa, Mich., New Mex., N. Y., Mont., Colo. Gyrinus affinis Aubé. “Can., Iowa, Vt., N. J., N. ¥:, Cal teres Labrador, Colo., Mont. Dineutes assimilis Aubé. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J., Kans. Lex. HYDROPHILID#. Helophorus lacustris Lec. Can., Colo., (G., A.,) Mich., N. Y., Nu Je; Mitsof Amz, Helophorus inquinatus Mann. Can., Alaska, Van. Isl. Helophorus tuberculatus Gyll. Can., Alaska, B. C., Mich., N. Y., N. J., Wash.; also Europe and Asia. Hydrochus squamifer Lec. Can., lowa, Mich., N. Y.° Ochthebius holmbergi Mann. Cal. to Nev., Colo., Wyo., Can. and Alaska. Tropisternus lateralis Fabr. Can.; Atlantic Region generally; through Tex. to Mex. and So. Amer; Baja Cal., New Mex. Tropisternus glaber Herbst. Can. to Fla.,and New Mex., Kans., Nebr., Iowa. Hydrocharis obtusatus Say. Can., Iowa, Mich., Vt., N. Y.,N. J., N. H., Idaho. Laccobius agilis Rand. Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Can., Colo., Mich., ObiogiN. Y-;- Utah; WN: Js, alk @ree, WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. 139 Philhydrus nebulosus Say.* ‘Can. to Tex.,’’ Ariz., Cal., Baja Gal. Kans: Nebr. lowa, Mich:., Ohio, N..Y:,-Fla., N.J. Philhydrus hamiltoni Horn.* N.J., Can., Mass., Northern Cal., Oreg. Hydrobius globosus Say.* Can., N. Y.. N. J., New England. Hydrobius fuscipes Linn. Can., Alaska, B. C., N. H., lowa, Colo., Mich., N. Y., N. J., southward to Colo. Riv.; occurs also in Europe and Siberia. Creniphilus subcupreus Say. Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Can., Colo., Micherenion Vits, iNe sy. Utah, Fla., N. J., Oreg:,Cal., Ariz., hex. Va. ! Cercyon prztextatum Say. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Fla., Net, Wass, DC. 5) Utah. Cercyon ocellatum Say. Mich., Vt., Fla., N. J., Utah, Colo. Cercyon anale Payk. Iowa, Mich., N. J., Pa., Ill., La.; also in Europe, Algeria, and Siberia. Cryptopleurum minutum Fabr. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Md., Europe, Siberia, the Amoor country, and Japan. SILPHID. Necrophorus orbicollis Say. Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Can., Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., Nova Scotia, Fla., N. J. Necrophorus marginatus Fabr.* Ariz., New Mex., Kans., Nebr., Towa, Can., Colo., Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., Utah, Nova Scotia, Ne J-; Cal., So: Dak: Necrophorus vespilloides Hbst. Can., N. H., Utah, Ariz., Man., Alaska, B. C., Hud. Bay Ter., to Nova Scotia and N. J.; also China, Europe, Siberia. Necrophorus tomentosus Web.* Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Can., Vt., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Nova Scotia, N. J., Va., So. Dak. Silpha surinamensis Fabr. Kans., Nebr., Iowa., Can., Mich., Olio Vt, N- ¥:, Nova Scotia, N. J., Va. Silpha lapponica Herbst. Alaska, Wash., B. C., Oreg., Can., Colo., New Mex., Nev., Cal., Kans., Nebr., Van. Is]., Labrador, Vt., Mich., Iowa, N. Y., Wyo., Nova Scotia, N. J., Idaho, Utah, Europe and Siberia. ‘idl 140 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Silpha noveboracensis Forst.* Can., N. H., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., N.. ¥., Nova:Scotia, N-Ga.jalk Saprinus lugens Er.* Oreg. eastward to Colo., Kans., south to Tex., Ariz., Baja Cal.; Ohio. WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. 147 Saprinus pensylvanicus Payk. Can., Iowa, New Mex., Colo., N. J., N. Y., “everywhere in U.S. east of Rocky Mts.’’ (Horn. ) Saprinus oregonensis Lec. Oreg., Cal., Baja Cal., Can., Colo., (Ckll.,) Utah, New Mex., Wyo., Ariz. Saprinus spheroides Lec. Mich., N. J., ‘Middle States and Canada,’’ (Horn, ) Saprinus fraternus Say. Can., Colo., (8,000 ft.,) Mich., N. Y., Ohio, N. J., Mass., R. I. Plegaderus sayi Mars. Can., Colo., (9,400 ft.,) “ Middle States.”’ (Horn. ) ; NITIDULID. Carpophilus niger Say.* Can., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J., Cal, Ariz. Carpophilus brachypterus Say. Can., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N.J., Paes Cal: Colastus truncatus Rand. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Fla., N. J., hes = Call: Conotelus obscurus Er.* Can., Iowa, N. Y., Ohio, Vt., Fla., N. J. Epurza immunda Sturm. Mich., ‘‘ Alaska to Mass.,’’ Europe. Dr. Hamilton replaces the name by ¢ermna/is Mann. Epurzea avara Rand.* Mich., Ohio, N. J., ‘‘all over U.S. and Can.’’ (Horn.) Epurza truncatella Mann. Can., Alaska, B. C., Wash., Colo., Cal., New Mex., Mich. Epureza erichsonii Reitt. (?) Doubtfully recorded from Colo., (9,400 ft.) Found in Mich., Ohio, ‘‘ Can. to Ga.’’ (Horn.) Phenolia grossa Fabr.* Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Can., Mich., Ohio, Witte Nae OING is, Vass nex. Omosita colon Linn.* Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Can., Mich., Ohio, Misa Nowe kia: oN. J.) Europe: Cyllodes biplagiatus Lec. Mich., N. Y., Mass. Ips fasciatus Oliv. Kans., Nebr., Can., N. H., Iowa, Mich., Vt., OhiowNre Ye. N. J.; Van. Isl. ; *“entire region east of the Rocky Mts.’’ (Horn.) Also in Europe (4-gw¢tatus Fabr.), Hamilton. Rhizophagus scalpturatus Mann.* Alaska, Van. Isl., Nev., N. V5, Colo. 148 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. LATHRIDUD. Lathridius. Several species. These have not been studied lately and the identification of North American species is a matter of much uncertainty. Corticaria. ‘The species of Cort/caria are now in confusion. C.; D.C. Platycerus depressus Lec. Can., Mt. Wash., (N. H.), Mich., iN.) Y., Dak., Colo., Hud. Bay Region. Ceruchus piceus Web. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J., Baie es.) Va, Micagus obscurus Lec.* Can., Ind:, Mich:, N. Y., N. J. SCARAB/EID. Onthophagus hecate Panz.* Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Mich., Tex., MewaMiex Gan Ohio. Vit., IN: Y.: Fla. N:J., Va., entire re- gion east of Rocky Mountains, (Horn). Atzenius imbricatus Melsh.* Mich., Fla., N. J., ‘‘ Mass. to Tex.;’’ also from Mexico to Brazil and West Indies. Aphodius hamatus Say. Canada, Maine to Oregon; mountains from New Mexico to Hudson’s Bay. Aphodius fimetarius Linn.* Can., Eastern U.S. generally, lowa, Kans., Mich.; introduced from Europe. Aphodius granarius Linn. U. S. and Canada generally, Baja Cal., British Columbia, Europe. Geotrupes blackburnii Fabr.* Can., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J. Fepliattritasciata Say, Can., Mich., Vt., Pa., N- Y., N. J. Dichelonycha subvittata Lec. Can., Iowa, Ohio, Vt., N. Y. Dichelonycha albicollis Burm. Can., Mich., N. Y., N. J. Serica vespertina Gyll. Kans., Nebr., Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio. Winn Nava Nova scotia, Flay, N: J. Serica sericea Ill. Kans., Nebr., Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Va., Ne NG J: Diplotaxis sordida Say. Can., Mich., N. J. Diplotaxis tristis Kirby.* Baja Cal., Texas, Colo., Can. Lachnosterna grandis Smith.* Nova Scotia to D. C., Ga., Texas, Iowa, Nebr., Wis., Can. Lachnosterna hirticula Knoch.* Nebr., to N. C., north to Can. Cotalpa lanigera Linn. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J. 156 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Aphonus tridentatus Say.* Kans., Nebr., New Mex., Can., Ohio, Iowa. Trichius affinis Gory. Can., Mt. Wash., (N. H.), Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Colo., Nova Scotia, N. J., Va. CERAMBYCID#. Tragosoma harrisii Lec. Can., Colo., (CkIl.,) Ariz., (7,000 ft.,) Mich., ‘‘ Newfoundland to Vancouver Island and through the Rocky Mountains into New Mexico,’’ Vt., N. Y., N. J.; placed by Hamilton as a synonym of @epsarium Linn., which has a Eu- ropean and Asiatic distribution. Asemum meoestum Hald. Pa., Mass., Can., Alaska, B. C., N. Y., New England, the Eastern U. S. to Fla., west to La., and New Mex.; Iowa, Colo., (9,400 ft.,) Ohiv, N. J. Criocephalus agrestis Kirby. New Mex., Colo., Ariz., Kans., Nebr:, Md., Va., Can., Vt., N: Y.; Nova Seotia; Ni jr Tetropium cinnamopterum Kirby. Can., Alaska, B. C., Wash., Oreg., Cal., N. W. T., south to N. J. and Pa.; Mountains of Arizona, Vt. Physocnemum brevilineum Say.* Kans., Nebr., Ark., Pa., Can., Towa, Mich:,-N. Y., N. J. Merium proteum Kirby. Can., Alaska, B. C., Hud. Bay, Pa., Colo. Callidium antennatum Newm.* Can., Colo., Ohio, N. Y., N. J. Elaphidion parallelum Newm. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Fla;, N.-J: Tylonotus bimaculatus Hald.* Pa., Can., Iowa, Ohio, N. Y., N. J. Callimoxys sanguinicollis Oliv.* Can., Iowa, Ohio, N. Y., ‘‘U. S. east of Rocky Mountains.”’ Purpuricenus humeralis Fabr.* Kans., Nedr., Pa., Mass., Can., Towa, IN. J-; Ohio;-Mo-2 NOY >, Wexas Va: Plagionotus speciosus Say. Mass., Can., Iowa, Vt., N. Y., Pa., N. J., Maine. Calloides nobilis Say. Ariz., Can., N. H., Iowa, Mich., N. Y., Utah, Sih. Arhopalus fulminans Fabr. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N.J. Xylotrechus colonus Fabr. Can., N. H., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., N..Y., Fla., N. Js, ¢U.-S: east of Rocky Mountainees WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. 157 Xylotrechus sagittatus Germ.* New Mex., Can., Mich., N. Y., Bival,eGra., Pla:, Pa... Mass., Ariz. Xylotrechus undulatus Say. et var’s. /wulatus Kirby, interruptus Papas wieans.. Nebr.5 NW... T.,.Can.; N. H., Iowa, Mich., N. J., @aloneN. Vis BoC. Xylotrechus annosus Say. Idaho, Colo., Van. Isl., Mo., Mont., Cal.,, Texas, Maine, N. H. .Neoclytus muricatulus Kirby. Can., Colo., (Ckll.,) N. Y., Cal., N. H., Utah, Wyo., Hud. Bay, Mass., Va., Maine, La. Neoclytus erythrocephalus Fabr.* Kans., Nebr., Texas, Iowa, MMe me Vaan ba. VLassy,. Came -Michs.' Ohio; Vts; N: Y:; Ne H.; N. J., La., Del., Ga. Accidentally imported into Europe. Clytanthus ruricola Oliv. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., Nei Va. Tt. Cyrtophorus verrucosus Oliv.* Mass., Pa., N. C., Can., Mich., Pewee Os CaGa. Desmocerus palliatus Forst.* Mass., Can., Iowa, Mich., N. Y., Nes ea N.S ‘Conn: , Va. Rhagium lineatum Oliv. Colo., Ariz., New Mex., Can., Alaska, Queen Charlotte Isl., Atlantic district south to Florida in pine regions ; Mts. of Arizona. Varieties occur in Europe and Asia. Centrodera decolorata Harr. (Can., Mich., N. Y., N. J., Mass. Pachyta monticola Rand. Can., Alaska, Maine, N. Y., Pa., Mt. Wash., (N. H.), Vt., Mass., Anticosti Isl. Acmzeops proteus Kirby. Can., Mt. Wash., (N. H.), B.C., N. Y., Colo., (8,o00o-9, 400 ft.,) Hud. Bay, Oreg., Mont., Kans., New Mex.. Mass., Labrador. Acmezops pratensis Laich. Can., Alaska, B. C., Alberta, through Rocky, Mts. to Colo. and New Mex.; Wyo., Mich., Maine, Utah, Mont., Oreg., Siberia, China, Europe. Gaurotes cyanipennis Say. Ark., Mass., Ky., Mich., Can., Mt. Wishess(Neult.), Lowa, Ohio, Vt., N. Y., N. J.,.Pa., Va-,N. C. Bellamira’scalaris Say. Can., Mich., N. Y., N. J., N: H., Md., ako a. Ta. Typocerus velutinus Oliv.* Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., Fla., Reeve Nn eGra-, Va:,,Pa.; N. H>, Dak: ; Ind. Ter. , La., Maine. [Proo. D. A. N §, Vol. VI.] 20 [January 27, 1896.) ye ee a or , + 158 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Leptura plebeja Rand. Can., Mt. Wash., (N. H.), N. J., Mich., N. C., Maine. Leptura subhamata Rand. Can., N. Y., N. H., Mich., N. J., Pa: Vas. Be Gi ass: Leptura lineola Say. Mass., N. Y., Pa., N. C., Miss., Can., Ohio, Vt.;-N.-}.4° Vac; Pexas) Made o-: Leptura americana Hald.* Pa., Iowa, Ohio, N. Y., Ind. Ter., Ga. Leptura subargentata Kirby. Can., B. C., Alaska, Van. Isl., Wash., Cal., Mont., Nev., Colo., New Mex., Mich., Hud. Bay, Ne ¥:, Mass., N:-8;- Utaly Ga; Leptura nitens Forst.* Mass., Can., Iowa, Mich., N. Y., N. J., Pa IN. Ge, SI esas, (oa: ; Leptura sexmaculata Linn. Can., Mt. Wash., (N. H.), Mich., Colo., Van. Isl., Hud. Bay. Also in Europe and Siberia. Leptura nigrella Say. Can., Hud. Bay, Mich., Wash., New Mex., Nev., Colo., Ga., Maine. Leptura canadensis Fabr. New Mex., Kans., Nebr., Mass., Pa., Can., N. H., Colo., (CkIl.,) N. Idaho, Vt., N. Y., Nova Scotia, Mich., Va., Van. Isl., Mo., Ga., Oreg.; probably the same spe- cies occurs also in Europe and Asia. Leptura rubrica Say. Kans., Nebr., Can., Iowa, Mich., N. Y., WN. J, Mass:; Va. Ga., it Pa: Cola. Leptura vagans Oliv. Can., N. Y., N. J., N. H., Mass., Maine, Pais Veo IN: ee Ga, ern Leptura sanguinea Lec. Can., Colo., (9,400 ft.,) Wash., Cal., Van.. Isl.,, Néw Mex:; ‘Nev. Mich. JN: EL Gren: Leptura chrysocoma Kirby. New Mex., Wash., Colo., (Ckil.,) Can., Utah, Nova Scotia, Hud. Bay, Mich., Idaho, Maine, Van. Isl., IN: ¥., Ores:, Cal Neve, Woe. Leptura proxima Say. Can., Iowa, Mich., Vt., N. Y., N. J., N. H., Va., Ga., Olio; Mo,., iil. Mass. r=: Leptura octonotata Say.* Can., N. Y., N. J., Mass., Pa., Va., Ala., Miss., Ill. Leptura pedalis Lec. Mt. Wash., (N. H.), Mich., Anticosti Isl. Leptura vittata Germ. Mass., Ala., Can., lowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. Y., ‘Nova Scotia, N. J., N. H., Pa., Va., Ga., Tl, Bae wie WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. Leptura pubera Say. Pa., Can., Iowa, N. J., N. H., Va., Mass., ees Grape N.Y". Leptura ruficollis var. sphericollis Say. Can., Mt. Wash., (N.I a Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Mass., Ky., Pa., Maine. Leptura vibex Newm. Can., Mt. Wash., (N.H.), Mich., N. Y., Ohio, Conn., Pa., W. Va Leptura mutabilis Newm., et var. /uridipennis Hald. Can., Mt. NViashe (No oits)h IN. YeMass:, N. J, Pa., Mich. Monohammus titillator Fabr.* Ohio, N. Y., Fla., N. J., «Can. to Wash., and south to Fla.’’ (Horn). Monohammus scutellatus Say. New Mex., Alaska, (Yukon), ] C., Can., Van. Isl., Hud. Bay, ‘‘through North America gen- erally in most pine regions ’’ (Hamilton). Monohammus confusor Kirby. Can., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J., New England. Monohammus marmorator Kirby. Can., Maine, Mich. Acanthoderes decipiens Hald. Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Can., Ohio, Michie Neovo rlas N=. J: Leptostylus aculiferus Say.* Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Can., Ohio, Mov, Fla, NJ. Leptostylus commixtus Hald. D.C., Mass., Can., Mich., Ohio, INGEY. 3, IN: Jn Hyperplatys aspersus Say.* Can., Iowa, Vt., N. Y., N. J., Urographis fasciatus De Geer. Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Wits bla: N.. J. Acanthocinus obsoletus Oliv. Can., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., N. J., Florida. Pogonocherus mixtus Hald. Can., N. H., Colo., (Ckll.,) New MiexeuC@7,ooomt,))) Michs,N. V4 N.. Eupogonius tomentosus Hald.* Can., lowa, Mich., N. Y., N. J., Florida. Saperda Obliqua Say.* Can., Mich., N: Y., N: J. Saperda calcarata Say. Kans., Nebr., Can., Iowa, Ohio, N. Y., New Jersey. Saperda vestita Say.* Mass., Pa., Mich., Can., Iowa, Ohio, Vt., Neo Vicar Nis]. 160 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Saperda tridentata Oliv.* Mass., Pa., N.Y., N. J., D..C., Ala., Iowa, Can., Mich., Ohio, Vt. Oberea tripunctata Swed.* Mass., Pa., N. C., Can., Iowa, N. Y., Colo., Ga. : CHRYSOMELID#. Donacia subtilis Kunze. Can., Iowa, Mich., N. Y., N. J., Dak., Wis; N. Tls;-Colo, sOhio,/Pas Mass.7 1. ta. Donacia distincta Lec. N. J., Mich., Mass. Donacia rufa Say. Can; Mass., N. H., NoY2, Ohio, Texan Orsodachna atra var. chi/dreni Kirby. The species crosses the continent from New England to Canada, extending southward mostly on mountain ranges. Iowa, Colo., N. C. Zeugophora varians Crotch. Pa., Ill., Kans., Wash., Can., N. OS Noe itech Syneta ferruginea Germ. Newfoundland, Can., N. H., Mass., N. Y., Mich., Nebr., Ohio, Md., Iowa, Colo., (11,500 ft.,) N. J., Vermont. Chlamys plicata Fabr.* Can., Mich., N. Y., N. J., Fla. Bassareus formosus Fabr.,* et var. sw/phuripennis Melsh.* II1., Mich. .N-oJ.,) Pa. Ga- 'Bassareus detritus Oliv.* Can., ‘‘ Atlantic States.’’ Bassareus mammniifer var. se//atws Suffr. Can., lowa, Mich., Ohio, N. J., Middle and Western States. Cryptocephalus 4-maculatus var. zofatus Fabr.* Kans., Ner., Iowa, Can., Mich., Ohio, Vt., N. J. Pachybrachys hepaticus Melsh. Kans., Nebr., Ariz., Fla., Colo., (Ckll.,) Mich., Ohio, ‘‘ Atlantic and Pacific Regions’’ (Lec.). Pachybrachys sp. aff. afomarius Melsh. Diachus auratus Fabr. Oreg., Cal., Mts. of Ariz., Texas, Baja Cal., Can., Van. Isl., Rocky Mts. of Colo., Mich., Ohio, N. Y., Utah, Fla., Ni J. Diachus catarius Suffr. Can., Mich., Van. Isl., Ill., Ga. Adoxus obscurus Linn., var. wis Fabr. Cal. and Nev., (form obscurus) more rare eastward. ‘The form zfs occurs in Wash., Colo., Utah, eastward to N. H., (Mt. Wash.), Alaska, Europe, Northern Asia. WICKHAM—A LIST OF COLEOPTERA. 161 Chrysochus auratus Fabr.* Can. to N. J. and southward, Colo., mans), Dak.) -Ariz: Graphops pubescens Melsh. Mass. to Georgia, lowa and Texas; Canada, N. J. Colaspis brunnea Fabr.* ‘‘ Entire region east of Rocky Mountains, extending to Arizona’’ (Horn). Canada. Peasocuris: varipes Cr,, Mich., Vt., N. Y.,; N.: J. Doryphora to-lineata Say. New Mex., Colo., Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Cane Mich. © hio, Vit. N. Y., N. J. Chrysomela elegans Oliv. Wyo., Can., Ohio, Iowa, Mich., Vt., INeEM.. Nova scotia, N.-J., Oreg. Chrysomela scalaris Lec. Kans., Nebr., Iowa, Ohio, Mich., Vt., Nerve Hla. N- J: Chrysomela multipunctata Say. Cal., Nev., Kans., Nebr., Can., Colo., (7,000—-8,000 ft.,) Ohio, Vt., N. Y., N. J., Iowa. Chrysomela philadelphica Linn. Kans., Nebr., Can., Mich., Nery) Na Ji Plagiodera viridis Melsh.* Can., Iowa, Vt., N. Y., Fla., N. J. Gastroidea polygoni Linn.* Can., Iowa, Mich., Ohio, Vt., Nova Scotia, N. Y., N. J.; also in Europe and Asia. Lina lapponica Linn. Can., Alaska, Hud. Bay, Atlantic and Pa- cific Regions of U.S. Also found in Siberia, China and Europe. Gonioctena pallida Linn. Minn., Hud. Bay, Lake Superior Re- gion in general; also Europe and Siberia. Phyllodecta vulgatissima Linn. Can., Iowa, Mich., N. Y., Pa., Ohio, perhaps in Alaska; Mt. Wash., (N. H), N. J. Also in Europe and Asia. Phyllobrotica decorata Say. IIl., Colo., Can., Iowa, Mich., N. Y. Diabrotica 12-punctata Fabr. Canada to Texas and eastward ; extending into Arizona and Southern California on the west. Trirhabda canadensis Kirby. Hud. Bay Region, Can., Kans., Neale Nebr., ne sea Soe or more in weight. Mound c had been disturbed, about half of the north side being torn away—evidently by some one exploring its con- tents. The others seemed to be undisturbed. Old grass was still clinging to the scanty soil between the stones. The small mound, d, similarly constructed, was not more than half the dimensions of the larger-ones. There was no appearance of recent handling about these stones, no ashes visible, and the stones forming the serpent being a) ee en ee ae ee 2 er ee = gee ase Oe | is \ z va r we ee ete 172 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. deeply imbedded in the ground, all indicated that these works were ancient. ‘The stones were probably gathered from the level area on which the works are located, for this area is free from other stones, whereas the sides of the knoll, and the summits and sides of the others are strewn with similar boulders. There are many small circles (marked e) scattered about these works. They are some ten to twelve feet in diameter, formed of stones a foot apart. There were still many modern Indians in this vicinity—Win- nebagoes, Crows, and Sioux. I enquired of a Crow and a Sioux, and each denied knowledge of the existence of the mounds. At Blunt I enquired of an attorney, Mr. Charles Berger, who also said he knew nothing of such works and expressed surprise at their existence. I believe I am the first white man who ever saw the serpent. It would uot be visible from the time the grass is a few inches high until after it was burned over, except on close inspection. I visited the knoll at the most favorable time for seeing the colossal serpent, remarkable in itself, and especially as being the only one known constructed of stone in the manner described. This entire knoll is useless for agricultural purposes, and should be preserved as a park. It will exist for centuries as it is to-day if it es- capes the hands of the willful vandal. NoTre.— Since writing the above I have seen the article on this subject in American Anthropologist, Vol. 1., No. 2.. My notes were written on the spot, April 25, 1883, and I believe them correct. I used a compass in noting direction. Height of butte estimated. J. M. H. STARR A SHELL GORGET FROM MEXICO. I ~~ w A SHELL GORGET FROM MEXICO. BY FREDERICK STARR, PH. D. No crass of objects from our southern mounds are more beautiful and interesting than the engraved shell gorgets. They were first seri- ously discussed and adequately illustrated by W. H. Holmes in his paper — Art in Shell of the Ancient Americans.* These objects are thin, nearly circular, concavo-convex plates of shell, carefully smoothed on both surfaces and engraved upon the concave side. The shell which usually supplied the material was Busycon perversum, which is common along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts from Massachu- setts to Mexico. The form of the shell and the quality of its material are such as to make the securing of flat plates of any size quite impos- sible; hence the concavo-convex form of the sides is a result inherent in the material itself. ‘The designs engraved upon the concave surface are surprisingly well done. While they are clearly ornamental they are no less clearly symbolical as well. The types are comparatively few and the treatment is notably conventional. Holmes grouped these designs into a few classes—the cross, scalloped disk, birds’ head and coil, serpent, spider, human face and human figure. These gorgets, which measure fron’ 21% to 5 inches in diameter, were worn as ornaments, probably suspended from the neck and hanging down upon the breast. Two holes for suspension are usually found near the upper edge, and, not infrequently, show marks of wearing due to the suspension cord. The specimens have come from stone graves and mounds in Tennessee, Missouri, Illinois, Georgia, and other southern states. Everywhere in art and function they embody one well-defined conception and are plainly related. The most interesting are certainly those upon which is represented the human figure. Of such Mr. Holmes describes four. After his paper was printed, fragments of two others were found in one of the Etowah group of mounds in Georgia, by Mr. Rogan. ‘These were illustrated in Cyrus Thomas’ paper, Burial Mounds of the Northern Sections of the United States.t Still later Gates P. Thruston, in his Antiquities of Tennessee, reproduced all these figures, and added a * Sec. An. Rept. Bureau of Ethnol., pp. 179-305. 7 Fifth An. Rept. Bureau of Ethnol., pp. 103-104. ([Proo. D. A.N.S., Vol. VI.] 22 [June 13, 1896 174 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. description and illustration of a curious specimen belonging to A. E. Douglass, of New York City. There are thus seven of these south- ern gorgets, bearing representations of human figures, illustrations of which are easily accessible to the student. No two of these are exactly alike. It is not necessary here to redescribe them, but a few points regarding each need emphasis: (a). A curious piece, whereon the human figure is so crudely and conventionally represented that great pains are necessary to detect it at all, in what at first sight looks like a meaningless combination of lines. The joints of the arms and legs are quite unanatomical, and the feet are developed into single, well-defined talons or claws which fold upward against the knee. Perforations, from one-fourth to one- sixteenth of an inch in diameter, occur at several places, particularly at joints of the figure and at the junction of two or more lines. There are twenty-six of these. Tennessee. (4). The same general idea occurs here, but the human figure is more easily recognized. The arms are curiously jointed; the hands are well defined. There are plume-like appendages along the arms and legs. The feet are developed into single claws. From the mouth, which is well supplied with teeth, there is a nondescript appendage, ‘‘which may be part of the costume, or, since it issues from the mouth, may possibly symbolize speech.’’ ‘There are five perforations, including the suspension holes. Tennessee. (c). A sacrificial scene. An upright figure in profile, decked with ornaments. With arms extended, he is advancing. Before him he holds a severed human head with face downward. His head is large, occu- pying one-third the height of the whole figure. The face is tatooed diagonally across the face from below the eye to below the ear. The pupil of the eye is indicated by a pit-like depression. A peculiar apron-like object hangs from a belt at the waist, and a fan-like exten- sion of the costume, somewhat like a bird’s tail, descends between the legs. A peculiar object projects from the mouth. The severed head presents face tatoo marks and the curious mouth object. Missouri. (2). Fragmentary. A remarkable piece of work. Two human figures, plumed, winged, and with feet like those of eagles are repre- sented in profile, facing, and engaged in deadly combat. The great wings and the many feathered tails are notable. Tennessee. (e). Fragmentary. Two figures, one erect the other prostrate. Both are tatooed. The victor has a zigzag line running from the root of the nose across the cheek to the neck; the other is marked STARR—A SHELL GORGET FROM MEXICO, 175 with a zigzag line from the hair over the temples vertically down the face. Both wear large ear-rings, and appear to have the curious mouth object. Georgia. (f). Fragmentary. beaked. ‘There is a peculiar tatoo (?) about the mouth. object before the mouth somewhat like those already described, but It appears, however, to be attached to Winged figure kneeling. The nose is eagle- There is an not actually connected with it. the head-dress. ‘There is a belt and pendent at the waist. Georgia. SOIR POSS: Ere = oF Sa t- xo get al baits \e J} Ui be Th iat i 30) “ eA" ~ = —— = SS a VS x ———— (g). The Douglass tablet from Missouri presents little of great sig- nificance for our comparison. ‘Through Gen. Thruston’s politeness it is here reproduced. Notice the belt and the suspended apron. Of this gorget General Thruston says: * “The very peculiar skirt or appendage hanging to the waist-belt appears in both the copper-plate figures from the Etowah mound, which had not * Antiquities of Tennessee, p. 346. 176 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. been published in 1887 when this shell gorget was discovered. The curious complicated head-dress and long hair-tie, also suggest the Georgia figures, as does the long implement or object under the right arm, which appears to to be a duplicate of the object held in the right hand of the copper-plate figure. The fan-shaped scarf hanging from the waist, appears in several of these designs. The ear-ring, the breast ornament, the large beads upon the wrists and legs, the half-circles on the arms and lips, all suggest analogies.” With the pictures of these gorgets before him, anyone at all ac- quainted with Mexican art must notice curious analogies. Holmes recognized similarity. Of the scalloped disks he says: “The student will hardly fail to notice the resemblance of these disks to the calendars of Mexico and other southern nations of antiquity. There is, however, no absolute identity with southern examples. The involute design in the centre resembles the Aztec symbol of day, but is peculiar in its divi- sion into three parts, four being the number almost universally used.” Holmes, l. c. p. 279. Of the bird pattern and loop pattern he remarks: “A similar looped rectangle occurs several times in the ancient Mexican manuscripts. * * * * It is nota little remarkable that a cross occupies the enclosed area in all these examples.” Holmes, l. c. p. 285. “ * * Gorgets of shell are a marked characteristic of the personal em- bellishment of the northern peoples. They may have been in use among the Aztecs, but do not appear among southern antiquities, and no evidence can be derived from history. This gorget belongs, in its general character as an ornament, tothe north. * * * * * In all these features, together with its technical execution and its manner of inhumation, it is identical with the well-known work of the mound-builders. These analogies could hardly occur if it were an exotic. It is true, however, * * * * that the design itself has a closer affinity to Mexican art than to that of the north. * * * * * As an ornament, this Missouri gorget is a member of a great family that is peculiarly northern, but the design engraved upon it affiliates with the art of Mexico, and so close and striking are the resemblances, that accident cannot account for them, and we are forced to the conclusion that it must be the offspring of the same beliefs and customs and the same cul- ture as the art of Mexico.” Holmes, 1. c. 305. We have now to describe another engraved gorget of shell on which a human figure is represented. The specimen is part of the Ryerson collection, now at the University of Chicago. It was col- lected near Morelia, in the state of Michoacan, Mexico, by Abadiano, probably in the year 1882. It is remarkably well preserved and has been somewhat cleaned, but of its authenticity there is absolutely no question. As the United States specimens it is a thin, concavo-con- vex plate. The inner, concave face, is the one carved. The gorget is nearly circular measuring 106™™. in height and 100™™. in breadth. STARR A SHELL GORGET FROM MEXICO. 7) In thickness it measures from 3 to 4™™. In the catalogue of the col- lection the design is said to represent ‘‘a warrior seated and speak- ing.’’ The cut here given reproduces the object admirably. The carved figure occupies a roughly circular space at the centre of the gorget. A narrow plain band surrounds this; outside of it is a broader band occupied by six flattened circular ones inclosing a smaller circle surrounding a pit-like depression, alternating with six ornamental mo- tives of uncertain significance. In this band much of the shell be- tween these designs (represented in black in the illustration) has been cut entirely out. Twenty-four such open spaces occur in this band. Outside of all is a narrower plain band. The engraved design itself represents a warrior seated. His head is surmounted by a head-dress. The hair is well drawn; the eye is represented by an ellipse sharp- ened at one end with a pit-like depression for the pupil. A great ear ornament is represented with a central depression. The nose is large and connected with it is a curious mark, which may be tatooing or a 175 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. nose skewer. A zigzag tatoo line runs from below the nose across the cheek to the ear. ‘The mouth is open, the teeth of the upper jaw are indicated and a curious object projects from the mouth. ‘The body is curiously stiff and formal. ‘The arms are extended and the left hand grasps some object. The right one (somewhat distorted in the cut) projects beyond it to the very border of the design. The legs are ex- tended forward. The foot is claw-like. Plumes are attached to the arms and legs. Part of a rectangular object, apparently a belt, is seen and from it in front an apron-like pendent apparently projects, while, if I mistake not, a tail-like appendage hangs down below the figure, apparently after having passed between the legs. What appears to be a shield with a downward hanging fringe of plumes is on the warrior’s back and over it is an object which resembles somewhat a war club al- though it may be an a//a// or spear-thrower. At several places within the design are pit-like cavities sometimes surrounded by circles. There are ten apertures cut through the shell within this area. Many points of similarity might be found between this design and those from the United States. The stiff and formal trunk may be compared with those of (a) and (4). The clawlike foot recalls the Tennessean specimens. The curious object at the mouth is apparently in nature like that in (4), (c), and (e). The curious perforations are present in several. ‘Tatoo markings are the rule in these designs but those on the Mexican specimens and the Georgian piece (¢) are almost identical. The belt and curious apron-like projections are comparable with those in (c) and (g). The finding of such an object in the heart of Mexico is of much interest. Form, function, character of this Michoacan specimen are plainly the same as those of the pieces from Tennessee, Georgia, and Missouri. It can no longer be said that the type is essentially north- ern nor that it belongs exclusively to the ‘‘Mound-builders’’ of the United States. We must modify Mr. Holmes’ statement and may say of the Missouri gorget (c) ——‘‘it is a member of a great family, zor pe- culiarly northern.’’ We may emphasize this other statement — ‘‘ the design upon tt affiliates with the art of Mexico and so close and striking are the resemblances that accident cannot account for them, and we are forced to the conclusion that tt must be the offspring of the same beliefs and customs and the same culture as the art of Mexico.’’ In fact there are greater differences between the Tennessee specimens themselves, or between the Missouri specimens alone, than there are between the United States specimens, as a class, and this Mexican gorget. McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINAD OF NORTH AMERICA, 179 REVISION OF THE TRUXALINZ OF NORTH AMERICA. (Read before the Academy, November 29th, 1895.) BY JEROME McNEILL. IT is proper to state that this paper is based largely upon the mate- rial of the United States National Museum, to whose officers I am much indebted for the generosity with which the collection was placed at my disposal for study during the three months which I was able to spend in Washington. For these and other favors I am deeply in- debted to Dr. C. V. Riley and Dr. L. O. Howard. Dr. S. H. Scudder has placed me under great obligations by sending me many of the rare and sometimes unique specimens of his less-known species. I have also received help in the way of types and other specimens, as well as valuable notes, from Prof. R. S. Morse, which I gratefully acknowl- edge. Iam indebted to the kindness of Mr. Coquillett for valuable notes on his very interesting collection of Orthopftera made in Southern California and now included in the collection of the National Museum. Finally, I owe to the generosity of Mr. Ashmead the possession of a small but valuable collection of Ovthoptera from Florida. My own collection of Orthoptera contains all the species of the Truxaline found west of the Alleghenies, east of the great plains, and north of Texas and Florida and a large portion of the other species of North America outside of Mexico and Central America. I regret ex- tremely that I have not been able to see more of the Mexican species of Saussure and Walker, but the types are not easily accessible and without them the often meagre descriptions are insufficient for the cer- tain determination of their species. With the single exception of Alpha, 1 have not accepted the genera proposed by Brunner in his ex- ‘cellent Révision du Systeme des Orthopteres. The brief descriptions given in his key and the failure to name the species (except in the case noted above) upon which his genera were founded, together with the fact that many Mexican forms were unknown to him, have made it impos- sible to satifactorily identify these genera. The Zruxalne constitute a sub-family of Acridide. ‘They are more closely related to Gidifodine than to any other group of equal rank, 180 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. and though they present on the whole a very different appearance and, in fact, are different in a large number of characters from @adipodine, the connecting links between them are so numerous that it is difficult to find any clearly definable characters which will serve to separate these sub-families. KEY TO THE AMERICAN SUB-FAMILIES OF ACRIDID. A.! Tarsi not furnished with a pulvillus. Pronotum extending to or beyond the end’ef the abdomen:.=-3; 72s ones 1.— Tettigine. A.? Tarsi furnished very generally with a pulvillus. Pronotum much exceeded by the abdomen. B.t_ Antenne shorter than the anterior femora....... 2.-—Proscopine. B.2, Antennz longer than the anterior femora. . C.! Prosternum unarmed or, if furnished with a more or less distinct tubercle or spine, the lateral carinze of the pronotum or the lateral foveolez of the vertex are present and well developed. D: Vertex of the head generally horizontal or a little ascending. Viewed from the side, the vertex forms an angle, more or less rounded, with the front, which is very generally moderately or strongly oblique. In no case is the median carina of the prono- tum crested or cut by more than one sulcus and the posterior mar- gin of the metazone is never sharply angulate. .. . 3.— Zruxaline. D.? Vertex of the head very generally declivent. Viewed from the side, the vertex is nearly always roundly and not angulately united with the front, which is sub-perpendicular, rarely decidedly oblique. In the rare cases where the head is truxaline, the pro- notum and the tegmina are strongly cedipodine, z. ¢., the lateral carine are obsolete, the median carina is cut by more than one incision or is crested, or the metazone is sharply angulate and the tegminze are everywhere densely and regularly reticulate........ wees s.. 4.—Bdipodine. C.2, Prosternum armed with a tubercle or spine. D.* Front very oblique. Lateral foveole meeting in the median line so as to form the anterior part of the roof of the vertex..... aye ween ee .5.—Pyrgomorphine. D.? Front rarely very oblique, frequently sub-perpendicular. Lateral foveole, if present, never meeting nor forming a part of the roof olsthe. Vertex:is2... PRE oe ms Si .6.—Acridine. ey iio * McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINA OF NORTH AMERICA. I81 The following comparison may help to show that in spite of the dif- ficulty of separating these sub-families there are really very distinct truxaline and cedipodine characters of the head, the pronotum, the tegmina, and the wings. Unfortunately, for classification, a truxaline head does not always go with truxaline pronotum and tegmina. It will usually be found, however, that when one set of characters are strongly presented in one, part the opposite set will be no less strongly indicated in the other two regions. Thus while Acro/ophitus and Machaerocera have truxaline heads, they have the typical cedipodine pronotum, tegmina and wings. I have, accordingly, on account of the preponderance of the last mentioned characters followed Dr. Scudder in excluding these and allied forms from the sub-family under discus- sion. Loopfedon, on the other hand, has an cedipodine head, but it too has the characters of the head reversed in the pronotum, tegmina, and wings. ‘There still remain certain genera, as Psoloessa, Stirapleura, Aulocara, and their allies, in which the opposing characters of these two sub-families are so evenly blended that in the end it is a somewhat ar- bitrary line that divides the Zruxaln@e from Cdipodine. 1 hope, however, that the character I have chosen (the presence of but one transverse incision which cuts the median carina) will not prove alto- gether unnatural. In accordance with this character I have removed Psoloessa, Stirapleura and some allied forms, as well as one species of the genus, Aulocara, from GQdipodine and included them in Z7ux- aline. CHARACTERS OF THE HEAD. TRUXALINAE. CEDIPODIN-. 1.—Vertex horizontal or ascending and, when seen from the side, this and the face form an angle rather than a regular curve. 2.—The front is decidedly oblique. 3.—The lateral foveole are fre- quently absent or invisible from above. 4.—The antennz are very fre- quently depressed, acuminate, triquetrous, or clavate. 1.—Vertex declined and, when seen from the side, united with the face by a curved line. 2.—The front is sub-perpendicular. 3.—The lateral foveole are present and visible from above. 4.—The antennz are very rarely anything but filiform. CHARACTERS OF THE PRONOTUM. 5.—The width of the pronotum is little greater at the posterior than at the anterior end, [Proo. D. A.N.S., Vol. VI.] 5.—The width of the pronotum is much greater at the posterior than at the anterior end. {November 23, 1896 | 182 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. 6.—The lateral carinz are distinct. 7-—The median carina is always cut by one sulcus, and it is never crested. 8.—The prozone is not shorter than the metazone. g.—The posterior angle of the met- azone is never sharp or acute angled, generally very obliquely and roundly angulate or straight. 1o.—The surface is generally smooth, not wrinkled or tuber- culose. 11.—The lateral lobes are generally plainly narrowed below, the an- terior or posterior margin (one or both) being oblique. 6.—The lateral carinze are obsolete’ 7-—The median carina is cut by one, two, three, or no sulcus, and it is often crested. 8.—The prozone is shorter than the metazone. 9. -The posterior angle of the met- azone is very frequently sharp or acute angled, never straight. 10.—The surface is generally wrin- kled or tuberculose. 11.—The lateral lobes are gener- ally not narrowed below, but both the anterior and posterior margins are sub-perpendicular. CHARACTERS OF THE TEGMINA AND WINGS. 12,—The intercalary vein of the tegmina is generally wanting. 13.—The scapular area of the teg- mina is often expanded, and the venation 1s scalariform. 14.—Imperfect tegmina and wings are very common. Abortive and long-winged forms in the same species are not uncommon. 15.—The tegmina are plain or striped. If maculate, the spots are not arranged in bands. 16.—The wings are generally trans- parent, never bright colored, nor with a black band. 12.— The intercalary vein of the tegmina is commonly present. 13.—The scapular area of the teg- mina is narrow, and the venation irregularly reticulate. 14.—Imperfect tegmina and wings are very rare. Abortive and long-winged forms in the same species do not occur. 15.—The tegmina are plain or mac- ulate, scarcely ever striped. If maculate, there is a tendency for the spots to be arranged in bands. 16.—The wings are generally bright colored, and most generally have a black band. BIBLIOGRAPHY. Amoen. 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Relating to the Rocky Mountain Locust and the Western Cricket, and treat- _ ing of the best means of subduing the locust in its permanent breeding grounds, witha view of preventing its migrations into other fertile portions of the trans-Mississippi country, in pursuance of appropriations made by Congress for this purpose, with map and illustrations. Pp. i-xviii, 1-322, (1)—(80), maps 1-6, 1-4, pl. i-xvili. Washington, 1880. App. 11.—JList of the Orthoptera Collected by Dr. A. S. Packard in the Western United States in the Summer of 1877. (23)—(28), pl. i. Rept. U.S. Ent. Com. 3d.—7Zhird Report of the United States En- tomological Commission, relating to the Rocky Mountain Locust, the Army Worm, and the Hessian Fly, together with descriptions of larve of injurious forest insects, studies on the embryological development of the locust and on other insects, and on the sys- tematic position of the Orthoptera in relation to other orders of insects. Pp. i-xiv, 1-347, (1)-(11), (1)-(92), pl. i-xliv, maps i-ili. Washington, 1883. 8vo. McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINA! OF NORTH AMERICA. I9Q1 Rept. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr. 1873.—cfort of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories. ¥.\V. Hayden, United States Geologist, in charge. In five volumes. Washington, 1873. 4to. Volume V. Zoology and Botany. Part i. Synopsis of the Acri- didz of North America. By Cyrus Thomas, Ph.D. Rev. Et. Mag. de Zool.— Revue et Magazin de Zoologie, pure et ap- plique. Recueil mensuel destiné a faciliter aux savants de tous les - pays les moyens de publier leur observations de zoologie pure et appliquee a l’industrie et a l’agriculture leur travaux de paleon- tologie d’anatomie et de physiologie comparées et a leur tenir au courrant des nouvelles decouvertes et de progress de la science. Paris. 8vo. Rev. Sys. Orth.—Révision du Systeme des Orthoptéres. (See Brun- ner von Wattenwy]. ) Riley, C. V.—Report on a Small Collection of Insects made during the Death Valley Expedition. 235-252, in N. Am. Fauna, 7. Wash- ington, 1843. Say, T.— Description of New Hemipterous Lnsects collected in the ex- pedition to the Rocky Mountains, performed by order of Mr. Cal- houn, Secretary of War, under the command of Major Long. In the Journal of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, Vol. 1V. Philadelphia, 1825. 8vo. Say, T.—TZhe Complete Writings of Thomas Say on the Entomology of North America, edited by John L. Le Conte, M.D. 2 Vols. 8vo. New York, 1859. (Posthumous.) See also Uhler, P. R. Saussure, H. de.— Orthoptera nova Americana. Diagnoses preelimi- naries (Series II) from the Rev. et Mag. de Zool., Mars, 1861. OG Ee ee a ee Schufeldt, R. W.— Orthopfiera, in observations upon a collection of insects made in the vicinity of New Orleans, Louisiana, during the years 1882 and 1883. Pp. 331-336. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., VII, 1884. Scudder, S. H—JdMaterials for a Monograph of North American Or- thoptera, including a catalogue of the known New England species in the Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., VII, no. 3, 409-480. Boston, 1862. Scudder, S. H.—Zzs¢ of Orthoptera Collected on a Trip from Assint- bota to Cumberland. In Can. Nat., VII, art. xxix, 283-288, Au- gust, 1862. 1g2 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Scudder, S. H.—Songs of Grasshoppers. 1, 113, Am. Nat., 1868. Scudder, S. H.— Descriptions of New Species of Orthoptera in the Collection of the American Entomological Society. In Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., II, 305-307. April, 1869. Scudder, S. H.— Notes on the Orthoptera Collected by F. V. Hayden in Nebraska. 251-261, in Final Report U. S. Geol. Surv. Neb. 1S7 2. Scudder, S. H.— Zhe Distribution of Insects in New Hampshire. A chapter from the first volume of the Fin. Rept. Geol. New Hamp., 331-384, maps 1, 2, figs. 46-59, pl. A. Concord, 1874. Scudder, S. H.—Wotice of the Butterflies and Orthoptera collected by Mr. George M. Dawson, as Naturalist of the B. N. A. Boundary Commission. Appendix D, 341-345, in Brit. N. Am. Bound. Com. Montreal, 1875. Scudder, S. H.—A Century of Orthoptera. In Proc. Bost. Soc. N.H. Decade IV. Acridit, XVII, 510-517. Aug., 1875. Decade VII. eh eutetasse a oe 4.— Tricarinatus, Thos. C2 Tesgmina festace aus os, craie tae eaten .5.— Simplex, Scud. A.? Lateral carinz of re PRROn ondeeiie arcuate before the middle. Oblique carina of the lateral lobes very heavy and generally white or light colored, at least on the apical half. B.1 Tegmina as long as or longer than the abdomen.............. HEaSe AS ena an Se eg nent gay ee Gena. B.2, Tegmina Moraes: a Tittle cies or not (female) more than half \ as long as the abdomen...............7-—Abortivus, Bruner. : é € ; : ; 4 6 ; 2. ERITETTIX VIRGATUS, Scud. Fig. ga, gb. Gomphocerus virgatus, Scud., 1875. . Cent. Orth., 23. Gomphocerus virgatus, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. Ent. Com., 56. McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINAt OF NORTH AMERICA. 219 Eritettex virgatus, Bruner, 1889. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XII, 56. Hab. Apparently a rare species, it has heretofore been reported only from Texas. It occurs also in Arkansas. 2. ERITETTIX CARINATUS, Scud. Gomphocerus carinatus, Scud., 1875. Cent. Orth., 23. Gomphocerus cartnatus, Bruner, 1889. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus , XII, 56. Hab. Middle States (Scud. ). I think there is little doubt but that this species is a variety of Z. virgatus with fuliginous wings. [I am unacquainted with it, however, and prefer to retain the name. 3. ERITETTIX VARIABILIS, Bruner. Eritettix variabilis, Bruner, 1889. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIT, 56. Hab. Silver City, New Mexico (Bruner). This species is distinguishable from all others of the genus in having the antennz acuminate instead of clavate at the tip. 4. ERITEPTIX TRICARINATUS, Thos. 2 Stenobothrus tricarinatus, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 84. Stenobothrus tricarinatus, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. Ent. Com., 55. Stenobothrus tricarinatus, Bruner, 1889. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., moles 6. Stenobothrus tricarinatus, Osborn, 1892. Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci., 1890-91, 4. Hab. This species has been reported but once outside of Wyo- ming. Herbert Osborn gives it as not common in Towa. The Uni- ted States Museum contains numerous specimens from the first men- tioned locality. 5. ERITETTIX SIMPLEX, Scud. Gomphocerus simplex, Scud., 1869. Proc. Am. Ent. Soc., II, 305. Gomphocerus simplex, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 97. / Gomphocerus simplex, Bruner, 1877. Can. Ent., [X., 144. Gomphocerus simplex, Bruner, 1883. 3rd. Rept. Ent. Com., 56. Hab. Said by Scudder to occur in Delaware. It does not seem to have been recognized there since. It was reported by Bruner in 1877 in the Can. Ent., IX, 144, to occur in Nebraska. Since he gives Delaware as the only locality for this species in the 3rd Rept. Ent. Com., 56, in 1883, it is probable that he was mistaken in the first 220 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. reference. [I am unacquainted with the species, but I think that it is probable that it is synonomous with wrgatus. 6. ERITETTIX NAVICULUS, Scud. / Gomphocerus navicula, Scud., 1876. U.S. Geol. Surv. W. 100 Mer., App. JJ-, 506. Gomphocerus navicula, Bruner, 1883. 3rd. Rept. Ent. Com., 56. Hab. Southern Colorado, Northern New Mexico, Montana. The National Museum contains Scudder’s type from Southern Colorado, and another specimen from Montana. The latter does not agree closely with the type, but the divergence is no greater than should be expected in species so variable as the /ritettix. 7. ERITETTIX ABORTIVUS, Bruner. Eritettix abortivus, Bruner, 1889. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 56, pl. i, figs. 8 and 9. d Hab. Central Texas (Schaupp), Washington Co., Tex. (Bruner). This species is most nearly related to zaviculus, but it is easily distin- guished from that by its abortive tegmina and wings, its smaller size and very heavy and short antenne. X. SYRBULA, Stal. Fig. ro. Head not much shorter than the pronotum with the occiput moder- ately rounded transversely, and slightly or considerably ascending. Vertex convex and more or less sulcate, horizontal and semi-elliptical or sub-triangular in shape with a distinct median carina not less ap- parent than the lateral carinz, which are suddenly curved inward a short distance back of the anterior margin of the eye, and from that point together with the median carina are more or less distinctly con- tinued to the pronotum. The lateral foveolz, generally indistinct and small, are triangular in shape and invisible from above. ‘The frontal costa is plain, a little convex or more or less sulcate, continued to or even upon the clypeus, decidedly constricted at the apex and very slightly at the ocellus. The antenne are flattened decidedly at the base and distinctly acuminate (female) or are flattened moderately at the base and decidedly or strongly expanded apically and acuminate (male). The pronotum has the disk plain with the three carine dis- tinct, the lateral being gently or strongly sinuate and very slightly or moderately divergent posteriorly. All are severed by a single sulcus i McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINAZ OF NORTH AMERICA. 221 in or behind the middle. The metazone is sub-truncate or decidedly angulate. ‘The lateral lobes of the pronotum are about as high as long with both the anterior and posterior margins moderately oblique, the latter generally sinuate and the lower margin nearly horizontal and scarcely perceptibly or very moderately angulate in the middle. Be- hind the principal sulcus the lateral lobes are generally deeply and thickly pitted. The mesosternal lobes are separated by a space not (male) or a little (female) broader than long, the metasternal lobes by a space longer than broad (female) or they are closed behind (male). The tegmina and wings are well developed, exceeding the abdomen. The former have a very different structure in the two sexes. In the male they are regularly reticulate everywhere except in the anal field and at the base of the scapular area which is opaque. This and the ulnar area being widened and furnished with a single series of con- spicuous veins. In the female, they are irregularly reticulate through- out and not expanded in the ulnar or scapular areas. The legs are moderately or quite slender, their posterior femora much exceeding the abdomen even in the female, and the posterior tibiz are furnished with 17 to 20 rather small spines. The ovipositor is moderately ex- erted and the last ventral segment of the male is acutely conical. Syrbula, Stal, 1873. Recen. Orth., J, go. Syrbula, Bruner, 1893. Rev. Sys. Orth., 119. Oxycoryphus, Sauss., 1861. Orth. Nov. Am., II, 16. In part, Stexobothrus, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 8o. This distinct North American genus contains four species as now determined, all of them being southern, though S. admradil’s extends as far north as northern IIlinois. KEY To SYRBULA, Stal. A. Median carina cut by two sulci....1. — Montezuma, Sauss. A.? Median carina cut by the last sulcus only. B.t Lateral lobes of the pronotum either plainly punctate or fur- nished with elongate rugee behind the principal sulcus. C.! Lateral carinee of the pronotum generally sinuate. Posterior fe- mora and tibiz unusually long and slender, the latter with 19 iemale) to 2 (uale) spies on the outer edge... .. 02.2.2. 2... 5 oo he eee ee sae »..2.—Admirabilis, Uhler. C. Lateral carine of the pronotum strongly sinuate. Posterior femora and tibiz moderately slender, but not longer than usual, the latter Acuticornis, Bruner. with 17 (male) spines on the outer edge. 3. [Proo, D.A.N.S., Vol. VI.) 28 [December 19, 1896). 222 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. B.2_ Lateral lobes of the pronotum smooth behind the principal sul- Gus tie VES Pe Eee a a oo ee 1. SYRBULA MONTEZUMA, Sauss. Oxycoryphus montezuma, Sauss., 1861. Orth. Nov. Am., Ser. II, 18. Oxycorvphus montezuma, Walk., 1870. Cat. Derm. Salt., [V, 787. Oxycoryphus montesuma, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 204. Syrbula montesuma, Stal, 1873. Rec. Orth., I, 102. Hab. Mexico (Saussure). This species is included in this genus on the authority of Stal as it is unknown to me. I am not inclined to think it is synonymous with Admirabilis, as has been suggested by Thomas and Bruner, because Stal probably knew the species and considered it distinct, and because there is at least one character given by Saussure which can not apply to Admirabilis. It is true that there is evidently a misconstruction in the text at the point referred to (pronoti carinz tres sulci 2 sejunctis), but whether the figure 2 be translated by a cardinal as sulci would require, or by an ordinal as Thomas has assumed, the difficulty remains that in Admiradbilis the median carina is cut but once and that very distinctly by the third sulcus. 2. SyYRBULA ADMIRABILIS, Uhler. Stenobothrus admirabilis, Uhler, 1864. Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., I, 553. Stenobothrus admirabilis, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 84. Stenobothrus admirabilis, Thos., 1876. Bul. I, Ill. Mus. Nat. Hist., Art. Vier: , Stenobothrus admirabilis, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U.S. Ent.Com.,55. Syrbula admirabilis, Bruner, 1877. Can. Ent., IX, 144. Syrbula admirabilis, Bruner, 1885. Bul. Wash. Col. Lab. Nat. Hist., Vol. I, No..4,.13%. Syrbula admirabilis, McNeill, 1891. Psyche, VI, 65. Syrbula admirabilis, Blatchley, 1891. Can. Ent., XXIII, 76. Syrbula admirabilis, Garman, 1894. 6th Ann. Rept. Ky. Ag. Ex. Sta., 9. Syrbula admirabilis, Beutenmiiller, 1894. Desc. Cat. Orth., 292. Svrbula leucocera, Stal, 1873. Rec. Orth., I, 102. Syrbula leucocera, Thos., 1875. Rept. Geol. and Geog. Surv. W. 100 Mer., V Zool, 1869. ; Syrbula leucocera, Bruner, 1885. Bul. Wash. Col. Lab. Nat. Hist., Wild, No, 4,131: McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINA OF NORTH AMERICA. 223 ? Syrbula montezuma, ‘Townsend, 1893. Ins. Life, VI, 31. Hab. United States east of the Rocky Mountains, extending as far north as Nebraska and Northern Illinois and on the Atlantic coast to Maryland. If the species determined by Bruner and reported by Townsend is admiradiis, it is also found between the Rocky and the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The United States Museum contains numerous specimens from Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, and Georgia. 3. SYRBULA ACUTICORNIS, Bruner. Fig. to, rob. Syrbula acuticornis, Bruner, 1889. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XII, 55: Hab. Southwestern Texas (Bruner); Fort Grant, Arizona. The National Museum contains several specimens. (males) from the last- mentioned locality which have been doubtfully referred to S. fusca- vittata, Thos. They do not fit Thomas’ description of that species, however, in having the lateral lobes of the pronotum not smooth be- hind the principal sulcus, but punctate. I think there is little doubt but the specimens in question belong to Bruner’s species. The Na- tional Museum also contains two of Bruner’s types (females). 4. SYRBULA FUSCA-VITTATA, Thos. Syrbula fusca-vittata, Yhos., 1875. Rept. Geol. and Geog. Surv. Wesroo Mer. Vi" Zool: "$70, pl. xlv, fig: 7. Hab. Lower Arizona (Thomas). I am not acquainted with this species ; it may be that it is identical with Bruner’s acuticornts. 34. TAM, Rima OUMMMER Mia hci gist. sis ee ce sti sae secs s | 4 ommM Vertex broad but little advanced in front of the eyes, with a very low lateral carina, close to which is a shallow narrow sulcus and no median carina. ‘The frontal costa is not at all sulcate, with the sides straight and very moderately divergent. The lateral foveole are elongate triangular and obscure. ‘The face is arcuate. The antennz are filiform, scarcely at all depressed. The pronotum has the median carina cut distinctly behind the middle. The lateral carine are near- ly straight and parallel to the median carina, being quite parallel to the second sulcus and from that point barely divergent to the posterior margin of the metazone which is moderately angulate. The lobes of the mesosternum are separated by a space much broader than long. The lobes of the metasternum by a space much longer than broad. ‘The tegmina are a little longer than the abdomen. The general color is testaceous, with the sides of the abdomen and an obscure stripe be- hind the eye a little darker, and the whole upper surface, including the anal and the costal fields of the tegmina green. The testaceous discoidal field is scarcely perceptibly maculate with very small spots. Described from a single female which has lost its posterior femora and all of one and part of the other antenna. This species is more closely related to sfeczosa than to any other of the Orphule. It is, however, readily distinguished by its much greater size approaching as it does very nearly Dichromorpha viridis, the female being a little less robust than in that species. It is also distinct in the structure of the pronotum in which the lateral carinz are very nearly parallel and straight. The vertex is shorter and more rounded than in sfeceosa and there is no median carina. ‘The metas- 240 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. ternal lobes are separated by a space about twice as long as broad in this species, in sfectosa by a space about as long as broad. In some respects decora approaches O. orizaba@, but it is readily distinguished from that species by the very much shorter vertex and the parallel lateral carinz of the pronotum. Hab. Fayetteville, Arkansas. 4. ORPHULA SPECIOSA, Scud. Fig. 17 c. Length (male)... ...~. 14-05 mes (female) a, aes 20-21 mm. Tegmuina |... 1a see ge RRSP OM ee Sere ee ee 12-16 mm. PERC RAGS 5 faa ice. ln een 5— OM fates nee ee mm. Post PeDh oon cake ees, EH. 'e1 LS A Aten wee ha ee II mm. Scutellum of the vertex extending in front of the eyes much less than the distance between the eyes, with the sides meeting at an angle scarcely so little as a right angle even in the male. A somewhat crescent-shaped sulcus extends across the scutellum and this is inter- rupted by a faint median carina which extends backward more or less distinctly to the middle of the occiput. The lateral foveole are usually indistinct and triangular. The frontal costa has the sides slightly and somewhat regularly diverging from the vertex to the cly- peus; it is furnished with coarse lateral walls which are moderately high or scarcely elevated. The eyes are distinctly less than twice as long as the groove below the eye. The antennz are about as long as the head and pronotum ; they are plainly depressed with the segments near the middle from one and one-half to twice as long as broad. The three carinz of the pronotum are distinct raised lines, cut slightly be- hind the middle by the principal sulcus. The lateral carinze are gently sinuate and convergent to the second sulcus on the prozone and only slightly divergent on the metazone. The tegmina are rarely longer than the abdomen in the female and they very rarely surpass the knees in the male. The ulnar area is usually twice as wide as the intercalary area in the middle of the elytra and is furnished with one (male) or two (female) rows of cells. The intercalary area has but a single row of cells at the distal end. The color is extremely variable. Some specimens are a nearly uni- form dark brown; lighter colored specimens have the ground color any shade of brown or green, sometimes varied with rose, with a rather broad fuscous stripe extending from the eye across the upper margin of the lateral lobes of the pronotum, on the metazone crossing the lateral carine and edging the disk. In many specimens the lateral carinze McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINA® OF NORTH AMERICA. 241 are outlined with a lighter color. ‘The elytra may be (a) nearly uni- form brown; (4) nearly uniform green, except the radial field, which is more or less completely brown or fuscous with a single row of darker spots extending through the discoidal area to or beyond the middle of the tegmina; (¢) the anal field concolorous with the occiput and disk of the pronotum, and the costal field green or some shade of brown different from that of the anal field. The posterior femora are greenish or brown, with the outer face more or less infuscated but never plainly banded. The posterior tibiae are dull brown, yellowish without any pale annu- lation near the base. This is a common or abundant species from the Yellowstone Valley to Maine. In Northern Illinois it is confined to the tops and sides of the hills. In suitable situations (somewhat dry pasture lands) it is not uncommon as far south as Kansas and North-west Arkansas, and I have found it common on the hills about Shreveport, La. I have examined Mr. Scudder’s type of .S. spectosus and S. gracilis and I think there is no doubt of their specific identity with S. e@gualzs. I have also a specimen of S. dz¢¢neatus (Scud.) from Dr. Scudder’s cabinet, and I think there is no reasonable doubt of its identity with the above-named species. Stenobothrus spectosus, Scud., 1862. Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Wi 458. ‘ Stenobothrus spectosus, Walk., 1870. Cat. Derm. Salt., IV, 754. Stenobothrus speciosus, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 86. Stenobothrus speciosus, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U.S. Ent.Com., 55. Stenobothrus equalis, Scud., 1862. Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., VI, 459- Stenobothrus equalis, S. 1. Smith, 1868. Proc. Port. Soc. Nat. Hist., eras. | . Stenobothrus equalis, Walk., 1860. Cat. Derm. Salt., IV, 754. Stenobothrus equalis, Scud., 1874. Fin. Rept. Geol. N. H., 373. Stenobothrus equalis, Bruner, 1877. Can. Ent., IX, 144. Stenobothrus equals, Bruner. 3rd Rept. Ent. Com., 55. Stenobothrus equals, Lintner, 1885. ond Rept. ins. Nos 296. Stenobothrus equalis, Bruner, 1885. Bul.Wash. Col. Lab. Nat. Hist., man, Voll, No. 4. Stenobothrus equalis, Bruner, 1885. Rept. Com. Agr., 307. Stenobothrus egualis, Bruner, 1887. Rept. Com. Agr., 167. 242 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Stenobothrus equalis, J. B. Smith, 1892. Bul. 90, N. J. Agr. Col. Ex. Sta., 31. Stenobothrus equalis, Osborn, 1892. Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 18g90- gre Stenobothrus equalis, Morse, 1893. Psyche, VI, 476, figs. 5 and 6. Stenobothrus equalis, Morse, 1894. Psyche, VII, 14 and r1o4. Stenobothrus bilineatus, Scud., 1862. Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., VII, 460. Stenobothrus bilineatus,S. 1. Smith, 1868. Proc. Port. Soc. Nat. Hist: 13/248: Stenobothrus bilineatus, Walk., 1870. Cat. Derm. Salt., IV, 754. Stenobothrus bilineatus, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., go. Stenobothrus bilineatus, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U.S. Ent. Com., 55. Stenobothrus bilineatus, Morse, 1894. Psyche, VII, 104. Stenobothrus gracilis, Scud., 1872. Fin. Rept. U.S. Geol. Surv. Neb., 250. - Stenobothrus gracilis, Thos., 1872, Pelim. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv. Mont., 430. Stenobothrus gracilis, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 94. Stenobothrus gracilis, Bruner, 1877. Can. Ent., IX, 144. Stenobothrus gracilis, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U.S. Ent. Com., 55. Stenobothrus gracilis, Bruner, 1885. Rept. Com. Agr., 307. Stenobothrus maculipennis, S. 1. Smith, 1868. Proc. Port. Soc. Nat. Hist:, [24s. Stenobothrus maculipennis, Thos., 1876. Bul. I, Ill. Mus. Nat. Fist... 61. Stenobothrus maculipennis, McNeill, 1891. Psyche, VI, 65. Orphula equalis, Bolivar, 1888. Ex. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, 27. Orphula equalis, Morse, 1896. Psyche, VII, 326, figs. 9, ge. 5. ORPHULA TEPANICA (?), Sauss. Fig. 17. Length (male): .\o0.2.55. 224..)' 56" 1m, ( (femigle): eee 20 mm. Tepmine 221 oan tees ee ee eee Bee «a ‘na. 5th tain 4 rr ADEEMMAS © (65 boss bopn sie Seppe ela cate oh By, GEMS Te 5 eae Post. Fem. ; -:. 2.22%. )) .:asts te ofaiei ate, « Or BIER 0 pa e Saeooge Vertex with a distinct but shallow crescent-shaped foveola with the lateral carine sharp and elevated and meeting in a nearly sharp angle equal to (female) or less than (male) a right angle. Lateral foveole nearly linear and distinct. Frontal costa very slightly (female) or moderately (male) sulcate with the sides regularly divergent below. McNEILL—-REVISION OF THE TRUXALINA OF NORTH AMERICA. 243 The antennz are much (female) or little (male) shorter than the head and pronotum and they are acuminate at the tip. Pronotum much longer than the head with the median carina cut decidedly behind the middle, and the lateral carinz slightly convergent to the second sul- cus, more strongly divergent from that point to the posterior margin which is very obtusely angulate. The tegmina are about as long as (female) or a little longer than (male) the abdomen. ‘The ulnar area of the tegmina is much narrower than in sfeciosa, and is occupied by very weak cross-veins. ‘The color is greenish or testaceous, very simi- lar to light colored specimens of sfeczosa. This species is described from one male and four females from Sis- kiyou county and Los Angeles, California. ‘They were collected by Mr. Coquillett and are now in the National Museum. It is impossible to be certain that the species just described is that named fepanicus by Saussure, as he gives a very imperfect description of the pronotum. As his description fits these specimens very well as far as it goes, and as the locality is not far removed, I have thought it best not to risk another synonym. ? Stenobothrus tepanicus, Sauss., 1861. Orth. Nov. Am., Ser. II, 21. ? Stenobothrus tepanicus, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 206. Hab. Mexico (Saussure); Los Angeles, Siskiyou county, Cali- fornia. 6. ORPHULA ORIZABE,n. sp. Fig. 17. Benet (male)... *...2...13.5-14.5 mm. (female).......21 mm: ener ty gs kT -—=E2.5 MM. oe ss. esos. os LA MD PMtenMc 8. 5f 5... ENE sts elcye, Jo, toes LELELY Sear See es 528.0) MTs Sot eee oe oo SE The vertex is much produced in front of the eyes, being about as long as wide. It is very shallowly but broadly sulcate with the lateral carinze very slight and scarcely elevated. ‘The lateral foveole are tri- angular and obscure. ‘The frontal costa is narrow and scarcely sulc- ate. The face is very slightly arcuate. The antennz are very short, not equaling the head and pronotum even in the male. The pronotum is much longer than the head. The median carina is cut in the mid- dle by the principal sulcus. The lateral carineze are quite as distinct and sharp as the median, and they are divergent from almost the ante- rior margin to the posterior margin, which is strongly angulate. The tegmina exceed (male) or fall a little short (female) of the posterior femora. In some females the discoidal area has the distal portion a 244 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. little irregularly reticulate instead of the single series of cells usual in the division of the genus to which this species belongs. In the female, the ulnar area of the tegmina is less than twice as broad as the dis- coidal area and is occupied by a single series of weak and widely sepa- rated veins. The general color of the female is green with the under parts, the sides of the abdomen, and the inner and lower faces of the posterior femora and the posterior tibize brown ; with the lateral carinz of the pronotum whitish, accompanied by a very narrow black line, external on the prozone, internal on the metazone. ‘The tegmina are grass-green and quite immaculate. The male is wholly testaceous, varying to dark brown except the upper surface of the head, the disk of the pronotum, and the anal field of the tegmina. The discoidal field is obsoletely maculate, with a few irregularly scattered small spots. ; Described from two females from Mexico City, Mexico, and San Antonio, Texas, and four females from Mexico City and Tlalpam, Mexico. A\ll of these specimens are in my collection except the speci- men from San Antonio which is in the National Museum. The last mentioned specimen differs a little from the other male, especially in having the frontal costa plainly sulcate with heavy lateral carine and the ulnar area of the tegmina has more numerous cross-veins. I think, however, that it belongs to the species here described. Hab. Mexico City, Tlalpam, Mexico, San Antonio, Texas. 7. ORPHULA SCUDDERI, Bolivar. Orphula scudderi, Bol., 1888. Ex. Mem. Soc. Zool. France, 27. Hab. Cuba (Bolivar). 8. ORPHULA PUNCTATA, De Geer. Acridium punctatum, De Geer, 1773. Mem. Ins., III, 503, pl. KLIT, fig. 12. Truxalis (orphula) punctata, Stal, 1873. Recen. Orth., I, 106. Orphula punctata, Brunner, 1893. Proc. Zool. Soc., Lond., XLT, 606. Hab. Surinam (De Geer); Rio Janeiro, Columbia (Stal), Gren- ada, St. Vincent, and other islands of the West Indies (Brunner). I am unacquainted with this species and the descriptions are too meagre to determine its position, but I include it here for the sake of completeness. McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINZ OF NORTH AMERICA, 245 SPECIES OF UNCERTAIN VALUE AND POSITION. Stenobothrus mexicanus, Walk., 1870. Cat. Derm. Salt., IV, 756 (Oajaca). Stenobothrus decisus, Walk., 1870. Cat. Derm. Salt., IV, 757 (San Domingo). Stenohothrus arctatus, Walk., 1870. Cat. Derm. Salt., IV, 761 (Hon- duras). Stenobothrus viridissimus, Walk., 1870. Cat. Derm. Salt., 1V, 761 (Honduras). These species apparently belong to Ovfhuda, but the descriptions are not good enough to enable one to certainly recognize such vari- able and closely-allied forms. It is not unlikely that mexécanus arc- tatus, and viridissimus are synonyms of O. fepanicus, Sauss., while dectsus is possibly O spectosus. SVN ALPHA, Brunner., Kig.18:; Head about as long as the pronotum. Vertex almost horizontal, slightly declivent, sulcate with rather heavy lateral carinze which meet in a blunt point and with no trace of a median carina. The lateral foveole are present but often not clearly separated from the front on account of the obsolescence of the lower carinee. The frontal costa is narrow above the ocellus, splcate and slightly acuminate below; its sides are more or less strongly divergent, while its lateral carinz are heavy and distinct. The face seen from the side is strongly oblique and straight. ‘lhe antennz are somewhat (female) or much (male) longer than the head and pronotum. They are flattened basally and plainly acuminate. The disk of the pronotum is somewhat convex, with the median carina rather slight and cut by the distinct principal sulcus behind the middle. The lateral carine are scarcely distinguishable, even on the metazone, but they are replaced on the sides of the disk by distinct light-colored stripes which are strongly or very strongly sinuate, and divergent on the metazone. The metazone has its poste- rior margin gently rounded. ‘The lateral lobes of the pronotum are small, a little longer than high, with the anterior margin moderately oblique, the posterior sub-perpendicular and the lower nearly straight and horizontal. The lobes of the mesosternum are separated by a space much broader than long, snd the metasternal lobes by a space about square (female) or longer than broad (male). The tegmina and [Proc. D. A.N.S., Vol. VL.] 31 (January 3, 1897 } 246 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. wings are well developed. The former has the mediastine vein very short in the male, with the scapular area expanded so as to make the anterior margin of the tegmina plainly arcuate near the middle. The discoidal and ulnar areas are imperfectly or not at all closed. The posterior femora are slender, with more.or less distinct bands on the upper face. The posterior tibia have the apical spines on the inner side much stronger than those on the outside. The valves of the ovi- positor are strongly exerted, the lower ones being furnished with an unusually strong lateral tooth. Of the new genera given by Brunner in his Réviston du systeme des Orthoptéres, this is one of the few that can be clearly determined. He says in a foot-note that it is represented by four species in the United States ; with Stenobothrus occipitalis, Thos., as the type. In other cases he simply states that the genus is founded upon one or more species from a certain locality without either naming or describing the species and with no description of the genus other than the very brief one given-in the key. It is impossible to determine from these brief characterizations just what the genus is and to guess at these would only make confusion in synonomy so that I have determined to treat such genera as though they never had been made. I know of but three species in the United States or North America that will be included in this genus as I have limited it. Alpha, Brunner, 1893. Rev. Sys. Orth., 121. In part, Stenobothrus, Thos. Syn. Acrid., N. Am., 81. Ochrilidea ? Bruner, 1889. ~ Proc. U.S. Nat, Mus., X!T, 52- KEY TO ALPHA, Bruner. A. Median carina of the pronotum cut much behind the middle. Lateral carinze twice as widely separated at the posterior margin of the metazone as near the middle of the disk. B.: Posterior tibie red........5....20.--.1.— Occipitahs, Thos: B.2. Posterior tibia testaceous................2.— Cinerea, Bruner. A.2 Median carina of the pronotum cut very little behind the middle. Lateral carinze about twice as widely separated at the posterior margin of the metazone as at the middle of the disk. ......... ...++3.— Crenulata, Bruner. 1. ALPHA occiPITALIs, Thos. Figs. 18a, 18b. Stenobothrus occipitalis, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 81. Stenohothrus occipitalis, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U. S. Ent. Com., 55. McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINA OF NORTH AMERICA. 247 Stenobothrus occipitalis, Bruner, 1884. Bul. 4 Div. Ent., 58. Oxycoryphus occipitalis, Thos., 1876. Proc. Dav. Acad. Nat. Sci., L250. Orchrilidea occipitais, Bruner, 1889. Pro. U.S. Nat. Mus., XII, Orchrilidea occipitalis, Townsend, 1893. Insect Life, VI, 3r. eo Orchrilidea occidentalis, Bruner, 1893. XII, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 51. Stenobothrus occidentalis, Bruner, 1893. XII, Proc. U. S. Nat. Miuis.5.5.0.. Hab. Both slopes of the Rocky Mountains, extending from New Mexico and Arizona to Idaho and Montana and as far east as western Nebraska and Dakota. According to Bruner this and the following species are ‘‘frequenters of the mountain slopes and foot-hills and especially so when these localities are somewhat sandy. Like crenulata they are partial to the bare surfaces, and are very active in their move- ments.’’ The National Museum contains what appears to be Thomas’ type as well as other specimens from Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, and Nebraska. 2. ALPHA CINEREA, Bruner. Orchrilidea cinerea, Bruner. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XII, 51. Hab. Wyoming, Idaho, Western Dakota, and Nebraska. 3. ALPHA CRENULATA, Bruner. Orchrilidea crenulata, Bruner. Proc. U.S. Nat. Nat. Mus., XII, 51. Hab. Both slopes of the Rocky Mountains, from the southern to the northern boundaries of the United States, as far east as western Dakota and Nebraska. XIX. - PHLIBOSTROMA, Scud. Fig. 19. Body robust, with the head unusually large. The occiput is strongly convex. The vertex convex, declivent, and not sulcate, advanced in front of the eyes only half as far as the distance between them, with distinct lateral carinze which are nearly straight and meet in a rounded angle. ‘There is sometimes a trace of a median carina. ‘The lateral foveolz are scarcely separated from the front by a carina which is al- ways weak, sometimes wanting. ‘The frontal costa is nearly plain or sulcate with heavy lateral carinze which are very moderately divergent downward. ‘The face is gently arcuate and very moderately oblique. The antenne are filiform, longer (female) or considerably longer (male) 248 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. than the head and pronotum. The pronotum has the disk nearly plain, with all the carina, but especially the median, distinct. This is cut by the transverse sulcus very little behind the middle. The lat- eral carinee are very strongly sinuate and upon the metazone divergent. They are cut plainly by the principal sulcus. The metazone has its posterior margin roundly angulate. The lateral lobes of the pronotum are higher than long with the anterior margin slightly oblique, the posterior perpendicular and the lower arcuate. The anterior corner of the lateral lobes is evenly rounded, the posterior angulate with a rounded apex. There is on the anterior part of the lateral lobes a heavy carina which extends from the middle sulcus forward and a lit- tle downward to near the middle of the anterior margin. The meso- sternal lobes are separated by a narrow space several times as broad as long, and the metasternal lobes by a narrow space not more than twice (male) or three or four times (female) as long as broad. The tegmina are a little shorter (female) or a little longer (male) than the abdomen. They have the scapular area much expanded in the male so as to make the anterior margin strongly arcuate. The discoidal and ulnar areas are frequently imperfectly closed, and the former has an irregular intercalary vein. ‘The posterior femora are banded above and on the outer face. The posterior tibize are reddish with the apical spurs on the inner side not very unequal in length. ‘The valves of the ovipos- itor are very moderately exerted. Phibostroma, Scud., 1875. Cent. Orth., 28. In part, Stenobothrus, Thos., 1873. Syn. N. Am. Acrid., 93. Beta, Brunner, 1893. Rev. Sys. Orth , 121. The genus is represented by a single variable species. 1. PHLIBOSTROMA QUADRIMACULATA, Thos. Figs. 19a, rgb. Stenobothrus quadrimacalatus, Thos., 1871. Prelim. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv. Wyo., 280. Stenobothrus quadrimaculatus, Vhos., 1872. Prelim. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv. Mont., 430. Stenobothrus quadrimaculatus, Thos., 1873. Syn. N. Am. Acrid., 93. Stenobothrus quadrimaculatus, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U. S. Ent. Com., 56. Stenobothrus quadrimaculatus, Bruner, 1885. Rept. Com. Agr., 1885, 307. . Phiibostroma quadrimaculata, Bruner, 1885. Bul. Wash. Col. Lab. Nat. Hist., I, No. 4, 135. McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALIN/ OF NORTH AMERICA. 249 Phihbostroma picta, Scud., 1875. Cent. Orth., 29. Phiibostroma picta, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U.S. Ent. Com., 57. Phiibostroma picta, Bruner, 1885. Bul. Wash. Col. Lab. Nat. Hist., INOS7,° 199. Phibostroma parva, Scud., 1876. U.S. Geol. Surv. W. too Mer., mp JJ, 510. Phiibostroma parva, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U.S. Ent. Com., 57. Phibostroma parva, Bruner, 1885. Rept. Com. Agr., 307. Phiibostroma parva, Bruner, 1885. Bul. Wash. Col. Lab. Nat. Hist., No. 7, 199. Stenobothrus laetus, Uhler, 1877. Bul. U.S. Geol. and Geog. Surv. ere. EE, 792: Not Philobostroma parva, McNeill. Psyche, VI, 64. Hab. The eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains from Texas to British America and eastward to Kansas and Nebraska. The study of a considerable number of specimens from numerous localities and an examination of Scudder’s type of PAZ. pictum and of what appears to be Thomas’ types of St. guadrimaculatus in the Na- tional Museum has led me to the conclusion that there is but a single variable species of this genus in the United States. The United States National Museum contains specimens from Colorado, Nebraska, Wyom- ing, British America, and Texas. XX. BOOPEDON, Thos. Fig. 20. Vertex declivent, convex and not separated from the front by dis- tinct carine and not forming an angle with the front, but united with itinacurve. ‘The foveolz of the vertex and of the tempora are indi- cated by punctures or sometimes by very shallow sulcations. The latter are dorsal. The front is nearly perpendicular. ‘The frontal costa is very broad, about equal to half the width of the vertex be- tween the eyes, convex with the sides very little parallel, only a little constricted at the vertex, vanishing before reaching the clypeus. The antenne are filiform, much (male) or somewhat (female) longer than the head and pronotum. ‘The disk of the pronotum is more or less elevated toward the median carina. ‘This is unusually prominent and is cut near the middle by the principal sulcus only. ‘The lateral carinz are nearly parallel or very moderately sinuate and on the met- azone divergent. They are most distinct on the anterior margin of the prozone, obsolete on the metazone. ‘The posterior margin of the 250 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. metazone is obtusely but sharply angulate. The lateral lobes of the pronotum are higher than long with the anterior and posterior margins straight, decidedly and equally oblique, and with the lower margin strongly arcuate and somewhat angulate in the middle. The lobes of the mesosternum are separated by a space much wider than long, the metasternal lobes by a linear ridge with an elongate deep pit on either side. The wings and tegmina are well developed but do not exceed the abdomen. The former in the male have the scapular area consid- erably expanded and filled with strong oblique cross-veins. The dis- coidal area is filled with irregularly reticulating veins. The posterior femora are banded on the inner and outer surfaces. The posterior tibize have the apical spurs on the inner side very long and stout, be- ing twice as long as those on the outer side, and the anterior one of the inner spurs is nearly twice as long as the other. ‘The valves of the ovipositor are only moderately exerted. This genus is North American and is represented by two species only, both western forms. Boépedon, Thos., 1870. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 83. Boépedon, Thos., 1871. Prelim. Rept. U.S. Geol. Surv. Wyo., 272. Boépedon, Vhos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 14o. Boépedon, Brunner, 1893. Rev. Sys. Orth., 123. KEY TO BOOPEDON, Thos. A.! Elytra brown, plain or most obscurely spotted. General color varying from shining black to yellow, posterior femora stout and more than commonly expanded at the base with black bands ex- tending across the outer, upper and inner faces............... : 5 abel «sk ER SS Oe ee ... 1.— Wubilum, Say. A.? Elytra Lda with a valle stripe near both the anterior and pos- terior edges and three oblong yellow spots in the discoidal field. General color greenish-yellow varied with brown. Posterior fe- mora slender with a longitudinal fuscous stripe on the outer, and fuscous bands or markings on the inner but not on the upper FACE 2... ce se ce sleels widlale «bbls cals ol oie 2a-=— DOS Cranes 1. BoGPEDON NUBILUM, Say. Figs. 20a, 2ob. Gryllus nubilus, Say, 1825. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1V, 308. Gryllus nubilus, Say, 1825. Ent. N. Am. Ed. Lec., II, 237. Bobpedon nubilum, Thos., 1871. Prelim. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv. Wyo., 265 and 272. McNEILL—REVISION: OF THE TRUXALIN/AE OF NORTH AMERICA, 251 Bobpedon nubilum, Thos., 1872. Prelim. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv. Mont., 430. Boopedon nubilum, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 141, pl. fig. 11. Boopedon nubtlum, Bruner, 1877. Can. Ent., IX, 144. Boépedon nubilum, Bruner, 1885. Rept. Com. Agr., 303. Bobpedon nubtlum, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U.S. Ent. Com., 58. Bobpedon nubilum, Bruner, 1885. Bul. Wash. Col. Lab. Nat. Hist., iON. 45.135. Boopedon nubilum, Bruner, 1885. Bul. Wash. Col. Lab. Nat. Hist., eNG..75..098. Bobpedon nigrum, Vhos., 1870. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 83. Hab. Eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains, extending to east- ern Nebraska, Kansas, and ‘Texas. The National Museum contains Thomas’ type of 4. xzgrum. 2. BOOPEDON FLAVOFASCIATUM, Thos. Bobpedon flavofasciatum, Thos., 1870. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 84. Bobpedon flavofasciatum, Vhos., 1871. Prelim. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv. Wyo., 265 and 273. Bobpedon flavofasciatum, Vhos., 1873. Prelim. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv. Mont., 430. Bobpedon flavofasciatum, Vhos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 141. Bobpedon flavofasciatum, Bruner, 1877. Can. Ent., IX, 144. Bobpedon flavofasciatum, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U. S. Ent. com., 58. Hab. Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Nebraska, New Mexico, Texas, and eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains. The National Museum contains Thomas’ types, two females. It also contains a male from Dallas, Texas, which also probably belongs to this species. In this specimen the tegmina are less than half as long as the abdomen and rounded at the tip. The femora are decid- edly longer than in B. nwbzdum, and the lateral carine of the prono- tum are more distinct and the disk is less rounded. mat PLECTROPHORUS; negen.) Fig: 21. Head much shorter than the pronotum. Vertex horizontal, sulcate, with slight lateral and obsolete median carina, but little advanced in front of the eyes. (The frontal costa is indistinctly separated from the vertex and it is unusually prominent, seen from above, and 252 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. much advanced.) The top of the head is furnished with three slight carine. The lateral foveole are scarcely discernible as a group of punctations, but the tempora are plainly visible from above. The frontal costa is prominent, not at all sulcate but plainly convex, broad, with the sides sub-parallel. The face seen from the side is strongly arcuate and moderately declivent. The antennz are sub-filiform, as long as the head and pronotum. ‘The pronotum has the disk slightly elevated toward the median carina, which is very distinct and is cut once plainly in front of the middle. ‘The lateral carinze are distinct, except between the first and third sulci where they are broken and interrupted. They are gently arcuate and convergent to the second sulcus, beyond which they are slightly arcuate and strongly divergent. The metazone is strongly angulate. The lateral lobes of the pronotum are much higher than long, with the anterior and posterior margins straight and very little inclined and the lower margin horizontal be- hind, ascending before the middle. ‘The mesosternal lobes are sepa- rated by a space about as long as broad. The metasternal lobes are nearly (female) or quite (male) contiguous behind and inclose two deep pits. The tegmina and wings are very large. The former has the discoidal area densely and irregularly reticulate. The posterior femora are unusually heavy at the base, with the apical half slender. The posterior tibize have the apical spurs on the inner side very large, the anterior one being straight, twice as long as the one behind it and scarcely shorter than the first tarsal joint. The valves of the ovipos- itor are moderately exerted. The disk of the pronotum is velvety black with a broad median longitudinal light stripe, and the tegmina are distinctly maculate with large spots, as in A/zppiscus. The genus is tropical American. It includes two species.. The type is Stenxobothrus viatortus, Sauss. This species, with Scy/éna pera- grans, Stal, from South America was made by Stal the type of the genus Scy/Zina. But it is generically distinct from S. peragrans, and does not fall into Scy/Zna as it is given in his key. I have therefore separated it. In part, Scydina, Stal, 1873. Recen. Orth, 1, 94. Kry TO PLECTROPHORUS, n. gen. A.* Foveole of the vertex semi-elliptical. Posterior femora orange, with. the apex ‘blue.< 6 betes a BOE. sao ech sit naa < cee Post. Fem... 200 on ce SO— QMS Tr gene] © alee shone eee The scutellum of the vertex is somewhat elliptical in shape, with the posterior end open and the anterior margin somewhat encroached upon in some specimens, especially in the female by the lateral foveole. These are about as wide as long with the narrow end forward, the two being separated at the apex by the width of the frontal costa, which is at this point only a little more than half its width between the anten- nz where it is very slightly expanded. The antennz are scarcely equal to the head and pronotum in length. The pronotum has all of the sulci about equally distinct, and the posterior margin of the disk is much rounded rather than angulate. The whole surface of the pro- notum, but more especially the metazone, is finely tuberculate. The wings are more than twice as long as wide. ‘The posterior femora do not surpass the abdomen. In color there seems to be a constant difference between the males and the females, the former being very obscurely maculate so that the appearance is nearly uniform dull brown, with the tegmina rather faintly flecked with somewhat evenly distributed small spots of fus- cous and the posterior femora plainly banded upon the upper surface. The female has the head and face, disk of the pronotum, and the pos- terior femora with the body-color light yellow or reddish brown, mac- - ulate everywhere, except on the posterior femora, more or less dis- tinctly with numerous thickly scattered small brown or fuscous spots. The lateral lobes of the pronotum are, in the light colored females, generally much darkened upon the prozone. The tegmina are dis- tinctly spotted with thickly scattered and evenly distributed quadrate fuscous spots. © The posterior tibize are dull yellow. Described from three males and two females which were collected by Mr. Coquillett (in whose honor the species is named), in Los An- geles county, California. These specimens now belong to the United States National Museum. This species is of peculiar interest in possessing the most highly developed musical organ known in the family Acridide. According McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINAY OF NORTH AMERICA, 259 to Mr. Coquillett its stridulation is as loud and sustained as that of some of the Crcada. XXV. STENOBOTHRUS, Fisch. Fig. 25. ‘¢ Vertex triangular, obtuse, * with the foveolee, which are visible from above, narrow, oblong, rhomboidal. Antenne filiform. Frontal cos- ta convex. Pronotum with the disk almost plain, the median carina distinct and cut by the principal sulcus only, and the lateral carine straight or more or less arcuate or sinuate. ‘The lateral lobes are higher than long,} with the lower angles somewhat obtuse. ‘Tegmina fully developed, rarely abortive, with the mediastine area more or less ex- tended, either narrow throughout or widened at the base, and some- times including an adventitious vein. The scapular area is filled with oblique transverse veins and in the male is dilated. The radial vein is comvosed of three principal branches; there is no intercalary vein. The ulnar vein is composed of two branches which sometimes unite again before the middle, the dividing vein is straight, and the plicate vein is free or united with the dividing. The wings are fully devel- oped or rarely abortive, not fenestrated, rarely wanting. The posterior femora are frequently mottled, very rarely distinctly spotted. The posterior tibiz are frequently dull testaceous, rarely red. The sternum is rather broad, with the mesosternal lobes widely separated and the metasternal lobes distant. The first abdominal segment is furnished with a closed tympanum. The anal segment is longitudinally sulcate with the supra-anal plate of the male obtusely triangular. The sub- genital plate of the male is recurved with the apex obtuse or acumi- nate. The valves of the ovipositor are short but exerted, and some- times furnished with a lateral basal tooth.’’ Stenobothrus, Fisch., 1843. Orth. Europ., 313. Stenobothrus, Bruner, 1882. Pro. Europ. Orth., 1oo. Stenobothrus, Bruner, 1893. Rev. Sys. Orth., 122. Stenobothrus, Morse, 1896. Psyche, VII, 327, fig. 12. In part, Gomphocerus, Stal, 1873. Recen. Orth., 193. Gomphocerus, Bolivar, 1876. Orth. de Esp., 107. Chorthippus, Fieb. ; This large European genus is very meagerly represented in this country by only four species, though formerly it served the same use- *In St curtipfennis, Harr., the vertex of the male is acute. ; t In St. curtipennis, Harr., the lateral lobes of the pronotum are about equally high and ong. 260 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. ful purpose in Zruxa/ineé that @dipoda did in Q@adipodine, and was employed as a convenient appellation for species that did not fall in any other genus. ' Key To STENOBOTHRUS, Fisch. A.« Tegmina unspotted. Posterior tibize never red. B.* Median carina of the vertex obsolete. Lateral carinze of the pro- notum divergent from the first sulcus. Posterior margin of the: metazone angulate. Disk much broader at the posterior than at the anterior margin. ...... nts . 1.—Curtipennis, Harr. B.?, Median carina of the vertex eee but sistinee Lateral carinz of the pronotum divergent from the second sulcus. Posterior margin of the metazone rounded. Disk not much broader at the posterior than at the anterior margin... .2.—Coloradensis, n. sp. A.? Tegmina spotted more or less distinctly. Posterior tibiz red. B.!_ Lateral lobes of the pronotum not much narrower at the lower margin than at the lateral carine. Median carina of the prono- tum cut a little in front of the middle. Tegmina about as long:as (female) or longer than (male) the abdomen, distinctly spotted. . wd wk h Ae cee hae cece tes 3. —Brunneus, Thos. B? ee iahes = the pronotum much narrower at the lower mar- gin than at the lateral carine. Median carina of the pronotum cut a little behind the middle. Tegmina about half (male) or less than half (female) the length of the abdomen..4.—Sordidus, n. sp. 1. STENOBOTHRUS CURTIPENNIS, Harr. Locusta curtipennis, Harr., 1835. Cat. Ins. Mass., 56. Locusta (Chloéaltis) curtipennis, Harr., 1862. Treat. Ins. Inj. Veg., 184, pl. iu, fig. 1. Locusta (Chloéaltis) curtipennis, Rathvon, 1862. Rept. Com. Agr., 368, fig. 28. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Scud., 1862. Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., VII, 456. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Scud., 1862. Can. Nat., VII, 286. Stenobothrus curtipennis, S. 1. Smith, 1868. Proc. Port. Soc. Nat. Bist. i, 148) Stenobothrus curtipennis, Walk., 1870. Cat. Derm. Salt., IV, 754. Stenobothrus curtipennis, S. 1. Smith, 1872. Rept. Sec. Agr. Conn., 376. In part, Stenobothrus curtipennis, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. AM: , 19%. pe McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINA® OF NORTH AMERICA, 26] Stenobothrus curtipennis, Scud., 1874. Fin. Rept.Geol. Surv. N. H., I, 373, fig. 37. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Thos., 1876. Bul. I, Ill. State Lab. Nat. nist’, 61. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Provancher, 1877. Faune Ent. du Can., 43. Stenobothrus curtipennts, Lintner, 1885. 2nd Rept. Ins. N. Y., 196. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Fernald, 1887. Orth. N. E., 37. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Davis, 1889. Am. Ent., V, 81. Stenobothrus curtipennis, McNeill, 1891. Psyche, VIN6s. Stenobothrus curtipennis, |. B. Smith, 1892. Bul. go, N. J. Agr. Exp. Sita, 31. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Osborn, 1892. Proc. lowa Acad. Sci. 1890— BOO Dy .-4.. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Scud., 1893. 23rd Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc. Ont. 70, HS. 52. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Morse, 1894. Psyche, VII, 14 and 104. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Blatchley, 1894. Can. Ent., XXVI, 222. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Blatchley, 1896. Can Ent., VII, 327, fig.12. Stenobothrus longipennis, Scud., 1862. Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., VII, 456. Stenobothrus longipennis, S. 1. Smith, 1868. Proc. Port. Soc. Nat. EMisty Ur 48. Stenobothrus longipennis, Walk., 1870. Cat. Derm. Salt., 754. Stenobothrus longipennis, Thos., 1873. Syn. Acrid. N. Am., 91. Stenobothrus longipennis, Thos., 1875. Rept. Geol. and Geog. Surv. Weaoo Mer, V, Zool., 872. Stenobothrus longipennis, Thos., 1876. Bul. I, Tl. State Lab. Nat. Hist.; or. Stenobothrus longtipennis, Provancher, 1877. Faune Ent. du Can., 43. Stenobothrus longipennis, Morse, 1894. Psyche, VII, 14 and roq. Not Stenobothrus curtipennis, Thos., 1872. Prelim. Rept. U.S. Geol. Surv. Mont., 430. Not Stenobothrus curtipennts, Bruner, 1877. Can. Ent., IX, 144. Not Stenobothrus longipennis, Scud., 1880. 2nd Rept. U.S. Ent. Gom., App. II, 2 Not Stenobothrus curtipennis, Bruner, 1885. Rept. Com. Agr., 307. Hab. The North Atlantic and North Central States and Canada west to the Red River. ‘The references to this species from the North- west are, I think, mistaken, and should be made to the closely allied [Proo, D. A.N.§., Vol. VI.] 33 [January 13, 1897.] 262 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. species, S. co/oradensis, n. sp. Mr. Bruner’s thorough report on the Kansas Orthoptera does not give S. curtipennis as occurring in that State, so that Iowa seems to be the western limit of the eastern species and Nebraska (probably north-western) the eastern limit of the west- ern species. 2. STENOBOTHRUS COLORADENSIS, n. sp. Figs. 25a, 25b. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Thos., 1870. Prelim. Rept. U.S. Surv. Mont., 430. Stenobothrus curtipennts, Bruner, 1877. Can. Ent., IX, 144. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Scud., 1880. 2nd Rept. U.S. Ent. Com., App: If, 25. Stenobothrus curtipennis, Bruner, 1885. Rept. Com. Agr., 307. Stenobothrus, sp., Uhler, 1877. Bul. U. S. Geol. and Geog. Surv. Perr:, 315.793. Length’ (female) 7.220 2 2a ee tc oo LYRE 6/5! iy Soke ae aaa Aa Pa) EME AN 2... .. 6 GNM fay tae at taeys chs aces seers & OFS hp aula Ost EM. 5-2. 6. 9 Napanee nee «| Clee ea asi’ LOS Seen, Yellowish-brown varying to dark-brown without distinct marks except the three triangular spots on the upper face of the posterior femora and the light-colored lateral carinz of the pronotum bordered below with black and within on the disk of the metazone by a black triangular spot. In some specimens, however, the top of the head, the disk of the pronotum, and the anal field of the tegmina are light yellowish-brown and the black stripe of the pronotum is expanded backward across the lateral field of the tegmina. The latter have the longitudinal veins unusually prominent and, except in the variety just described, they are faintly flecked with numerous small spots of darker than the ground color. ‘The posterior tibize are reddish. This species seems to be confined to the Pacific Coast. The United States National Museum contains numerous specimens from Yuba county and Butte county, California. XXIX. EREMNUS, n. gen. Fig. 29. Vertex somewhat declivent, broader than the frontal costa at the clypeus, sulcate, without a median carina, bounded by straight, sharp ~ 268 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. but slight carinze which meet at the front at an angle greater or less than a right angle. The lateral foveolz are sub-quadrate, about twice as long as broad, very distinct and very apparent from above. The frontal costa is about half as wide at the vertex as at the clypeus, slightly sulcate with low broad carinz along the sides. Seen from the side the face is moderately arcuate and moderately oblique. The an- tennz are filiform, a little (female) or considerably (male) longer than the head and pronotum. The median carina of the pronotum is quite distinct and cut once behind the middle by the principal sulcus. The lateral carinz are very strongly sinuate and the posterior margin of the metazone is roundly and very obtusely angulate. ©The lateral lobes of the pronotum are higher than long with the anterior and the posterior margins nearly straight and vertical. The mesosternal lobes are separated by a space several times as wide as long in both sexes. The metasternal lobes are separated by a space a little longer than wide in male and female. The tegmina and wings are well developed, not quite equaling or somewhat longer than the abdomen. The former have the scapular area transparent and filled with a single series of ob- lique cross-veins. The discoidal and ulnar areas have each a false vein with a single row of cells on either side. The posterior femora have three usually well marked sub-triangular or irregular brown spots on the upper face. The posterior tibize are red or yellowish with the spurs on the inner side much elongated and very unequal. The ovi- positor is very slightly exerted, only the extreme tip being visible. _ This genus is North American and so far as known is represented by two species which are apparently confined to the northern and western states. All the species seem to be partial to sandy and rather barren soil. KEY TO EREMNUS, n. gen. A.! Tegmina very obscurely spotted or quite plain. 1.— Deorum, Scud. A.? Tegmina usually distinctly and thickly spotted, never plain...... Se es w se eis woe 0 acanavecayelte lee /a = Gpaue. #6) o:2've td «102i cena 1. EREMNUS DEORUM, Scud. Figs. 29a, 29b. Chrysochraon deorum, Scud., 1876. Bul. Il, U. S. Geol. Surv. in Col., etc., 263. Chrysochraon deorum, Bruner, 1883. 3rd Rept. U.S. Ent. Com., 55. Hab. Garden of the Gods, Colo. (Scudder). The National Mu- seum contains several specimens, one of them immature, which were McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINA OF NORTH AMERICA. 269 collected in the same locality. It does not seem to have been reported elsewhere unless it proves to be identical with the following species which is, I think, very probable. I have, however, too few specimens of this species to determine the matter positively. 2. EREMNUS SCUDDERI, Bruner. Aulocara scudderi, Bruner, 1889. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XII, 63. Aulocara scuddert, Townsend, 1893. Ins. Life, VI, 30. Aulocara scudderi, Blatchley, 1894. Can. Ent., XXVI, 217. Philobostroma parva, McNeill, 1891. Psyche, VI, 64. As noted above, this species is likely to prove a synonym of £. de orum. One variety of this species has the vertex usually broad be- tween the eyes with the anterior margins bounded by carinz which meet at an angle much greater than aright angle even in the male. Ordinarily a structural difference of this character would indicate spe- cific distinctness, but as this species seems to exhibit considerable vari- ations in this respect, I think it not advisable to name it. I have received this variety from Prof. G. P. Gillette under the name of Aw- locara scudderi, Bruner, and the form with the narrower vertex under the name Daciostaurus coloradensis. Both forms being named by comparison with specimens determined by Mr. Bruner. Hab. Montana to Illinois, extending northward into British America and southward to New Mexico. It is said by Mr. Bruner to be a very common species west of the Mississippi. It is probably very rare eastward. I have found it in a few localities near Moline, Ill., where it seems to be confined to a few sandy hilltops along the ’ Mississippi river. XXX. STIRAPLEURA, Scud. Figs. 30a, 30b, 30c. Vertex narrow, not exceeding half the short diameter of the eye, horizontal or slightly declivent, deeply sulcate with high lateral walls which meet at an acute angle in front and form a sub ellipse or a sub- hexagon open behind where there is always some trace of a median carina. The lateral foveole are rhomboidal once or twice as long as broad. The frontal costa is acuminate above, regularly divergent down- ward and sulcate throughout. Viewed from the side, the face is slightly convex and nearly perpendicular or moderately oblique. The antennz are filiform short, scarcely exceeding the head and pronotum in length (Proo D. A.N.S., Vol. VI.] 34 {January 22, 1897.) - 270 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. even in the male. The disk of the pronotum is flat with all the ca- rine distinct, the median being cut by the principal sulcus only in front of the middle. The lateral carinz are very strongly sinuate in front of the middle. The posterior margin of the metazone is strongly angulate. ‘The lateral lobes of the pronotum are higher than wide with the anterior and posterior margins nearly straight and vertical. A single or double series of somewhat irregular and broken carinz .extends more or less distinctly from the middle of the anterior border to or toward the upper posterior angle. The carinz occupy the mid- dle of a light stripe which is usually distinct and never entirely want- ing. A usually more distinct but low broad carinz extends from about the middle of the lateral lobes toward the lower posterior angle. This is also outlined by generally lighter and strongly contrasting color. The episternum of the mesosternum has a distinct high carina which extends from the hind coxz toward the base of the tegmina. The mesosternal lobes are separated by a space much broader than long in both sexes and the metasternal lobes by a space as long as (female) or longer than (male) broad. The tegmina and wings are well developed, equaling or exceeding considerably the abdomen. The former have the scapular field transparent, and filled by a single series of oblique cross-veins. The discoidal area has a somewhat prominent intercalary vein and the ulnar area a weak longitudinal vein. The posterior femora have three distinct triangular brown spots on the upper surface. The posterior tibiz are red or yellowish with the api- cal spurs on the inner side more or less unequal in length. The ovi- positor is barely or moderately exerted. Stirapleura, Scud., 1876. U.S. Geol. Surv. W. too Mer., App. JJ, 510. In part, Psolodssa, Scud., 1875; ~Cent..Orth., 25. This genus is North American and Western, none of the five spe- cies known being found east of the Mississippi River. KEY TO STIRAPLEURA, Scud. A.! Posterior tibize with the spurs on the inner side not very unequal. al wi fas ¥ Gwe) coe, ener aaa ache oke ee nSen a .1.— Ornata, Scud. A.? poset tibia with spurs on the inner aide very unequal, the apical one being at least one and one-half times as long as the one behind it. B."_ General color brownish or yellowish, varied with darker brown and black spots and stripes. McNEILL—REVISION OF THE TRUXALINAZ OF NORTH AMERICA. 271 C.! Lateral foveole about twice as long as broad. D.! Face but little oblique (male) or vertical (female). Scutellum of the vertex pentagonal with the posterior side of the pentagon missing. Median carina not distinct upon the summit of the head. ‘Tegmina (female) scarcely exceeding the abdomen...... Pre Wap Mersntian osc sesh cicceme eee ne os 323 00 (COMUMIDINTORS cri Fat Sra Sea ern ese ee a eee 7 00 RMSE N TONS TOO Mapaiyes ccits) sts goles Lisleleysiers wars ey ates s 30 00 WSerotmoomsiandidoommecelptsncs: accra waist wel - - 93 65 IiitenestsOonuencdowmlemt uid 2525 oe eh ce nic cies ete 80 00 = $733 65 DISBURSEMENTS. Pe MIPMOULACCOUMP Ole CULAtOL «os eecet'c sings ns eed ceed ees $391 60 JIWIRE 3 orga Bientrchoceeartaekanigees boats hurerer aici lee ta seit g rea ser 60 00 telemetry te: ameta tas ae tulsa Gide Gals Heeb Saeed 23 65 LE SUN “2 Oc os cree CRC enn RR lace ane ee 10 85 \V/EIIEIE toate Be OE Ge Oat Gere acer neler ener 16 00 Ge) tae Ce eAG LESS si rceyeaeiey cise micieiicieinia erslaie «fe seb Aionsius Incidentals, including postage and repairs........... 76 99 Note at Davenport National Bank................... 100 00 Iintenes eet Pete esha cle cre okt c Clea oni eee wa aes 43 11 Oris re oM AI epee netays ee or tee cM igtatccs, toagels cPanel oer e 3 30 ; ITA Gee ERE LIABILITIES. NGieROn Mins New COMD so PelCeCOtan. sacs ae sacetoseie ae seca: $320 00 Davenpore, National Bankes PL ee! 450 00 WWeKGuipator sa sisiatiasis 0 - RASS Eat ew we Ene etc Sea er ope 125 0O (Gag (Coniieint op gaan adsae cae ner een TERA OeeraT 70 Aven euler 1, Cla Se TO Stsian cas sanie syste seeksrste iaage ateassteiale le esos 6 45 Sama Geman SOM. aici occas tat: sihic sy ciae cave cei clei e 13 40 SQT5 55 FUNDS AVAILABLE. ererChWIMe nt UCL ets ee ees Fee de ete be cena letals $1,200 00 RUirem re Re CHRCIIBE Sie Si ee a MSY Ieee a SION aids ereloielaie sale 1.8 00 MrmGailected "SUpSCrIPtiONS oi). eli. Ale vos 14 eens oe 64 00 $1,372 00 C. E. Harrison, Acting Treas. The resignation of W. H. Holmes as Trustee was presented and accepted. ELECTION OF OFFICERS— 1891. President — JAMES THOMPSON. First Vice-President— Dr. W. L. ALLEN. 296 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Second Vice-President — W. H. HouMEs. Recording Secretary —Dr. JENNIE MCCOWEN. Corresponding Secretary — Prof. W. H. Barris. Curator — Prof. W. H. Barris. Treasurer — FRANK NADLER. Librarian— Miss A. J. S. McCrum. Trustees for Three Years—G. P. MCCLELLAND, W. C. PuTNam, W. H. Barris, and A. M. Jupy. Trustees to Fill Vacancies (caused by the death of William Riepe, the removal from the city of W. H. Pratt, and the resignation of W. H. Holmes)— Mrs. C. E. Putnam, C. E. Harrison, and W. L. ALLEN. PRESIDENT’S ANNUAL ADDRESS. Dr. JENNIE McCowen, January 7, 1891. The retiring President, Dr. McCowen, after summing up in brief the progress of the year, making special and appreciative men- tion of the work of Prof. Pratt connecting the Academy with the public schools, continued as follows: From the very inception of this Academy one of the principal objects has been the advancement of public interest in knowledge of the natural sciences, and especially by the most intimate practical co-operation with the public educational system. To this end it has been the constant effort on the part of the Academy to encourage vis- its of classes and teachers to the rooms, but no way was found during past years to realize this cherished object to anything like the extent hoped for. But within the past year (1890) a promising beginning has been made. At a meeting of the Board of Education in February a definite plan proposed by Prof. Pratt, then Curator of the Academy, for receiving classes of pupils from the public schools directly into the Academy rooms for systematic scientific instruction was considered and approved. A programme was arranged by the principals, and all parties entered into it with hearty good-will. At the afternoon recess a teacher, with her class, repaired to the Academy building, where an ample collection of specimens to illustrate the lesson given by Prof. Pratt was arranged for the close and personal inspection of the pupils; the same lesson being repeated until all the classes had received it in turn. The high school and the eighth and ninth grades of the grammar schools have taken one lesson each during each term. This plan, which originated with the Davenport Academy of Nat- ural Sciences, has been sufficiently tested to demonstrate the entire feasibility, usefulness, and popularity of the method. It has, more- Y Ph eee hn eet tsar Piitey a tote ERA Cant be Pian as eli wd 2D teen eh SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 297 over, become plain that the same might be advantageously extended to one or two lower grades. ‘The obvious advantage of this method is that it makes possible a much more complete illustration with the actual objects than could be made by means of such collections as could be found at each school. ‘The present arrangement as to time presents no material interference with regular school work. The removal of Prof. Pratt from the city is a serious loss to the Academy in the prosecution of this work no less than in many other ways; but we hope some arrangement may speedily be made for con- tinuing the Academy classes. While we express the keenest regret that, hedged about by sharply limiting conditions, much of the desirable work of an academy is, as yet, impossible of accomplishment, we may congratulate ourselves on what has been done by dint of personal exertion on the part of those who, busy all day in the vocations by which a livelihood must be earned, have yet spared for science an occasional hour. We own our building free from encumbrance, and enough ground for the extension and completion of the building as contemplated in the orig- inal plan. The value of the collections, especially in the archeological depart- ment, is very considerable. A careful estimate has placed the actual money value of the building and contents as scarcely short of $100,- ooo. A painstaking examination of the records, made by the late Curator, shows that of that amount the following has been received from the community during the past 22 years: P@ES BMG! CHESs oSoua boos Ao pes CUObOOCOOD ONO OO Ones Does NiGoerd act $ 5,325 00 PROCSECS GE NACHE SE ohn Oboes Gao ae Opa GOCr ICS en DIC cnor 325 00 PRAGCGTS GE GaiSininianianSolis. son5 cabo udoeeeadeoc0 Op dade sDo 0 rOnG Ic 1,950 00 TGUBNL s.5 cu ees SBE eee RES RAS SGI IEIE Aone ee irae nan $ 7,600 00 Gashtcontributions:and life memberships! .22. 2s te 2. ea: $11,000 00 Pct) Wepre e er Me oe ets 5 Seca ecisyorehss aia, os Sie! abalSioral stats Sysvesunsy Execs $18,600 00 For the $7,600 the patrons have had in return the usual privileges of membership. Of the $11,000 donated a very considerable por- tion has been contributed by the active members themselves, while about $1,000 has come from distant friends. Of the balance, it cer- tainly is not extravagant to assume that it has been fully returned to the public in the reputation abroad which it has given the city; for in every scientific institution of the world the name of Davenport is well known, the Academy of Sciences having been a potent factor in the very best kind of advertising — that which shows not only business activity but the force of intelligence and education, which appreciates and cultivates all sources of material and intellectual welfare, than which none can be with less justice overlooked than scientific labor and scientific knowledge. In the material prosperity with which Davenport is being blest, as the years go by, and which of late seems to be taking on new activity 298 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. in every direction, so much is due directly to the results of scientific study, research and experiment, that it is inconceivable that an insti- tution whose chief aim is scientific study and the dissemination of scientific knowledge should not be adequately sustained, should not have a share in the general prosperity which it. has helped to forward. And now, gentlemen, in retiring from the office with which you have honored me for two terms in succession, allow me to express my appreciation of the honor which I accepted not as a personal matter but as a compliment to my sex, which, from the beginning of the institution, as has been acknowledged many times, has been active in promoting its interests. Your flattering preference has found scant justification, as I confess with regret, owing to the active duties of professional life which leave but limited opportunities for the adequate promotion of all the interests of the Academy, such as might reasona- bly be expected of its chief executive. I thank you for the cordial support and co-operation which you have ever given me as your pre- siding officer and for the uniform courtesy and consideration accorded me personally. The harmony, hopefulness, and good feeling. of these years, in spite of the very heavy burdens and very great disadvantages under which we have labored, give me undisguised satisfaction ; and as we begin the new year, 1891, I trust it may indeed prove to the Academy a happy New Year of new zeal and high resolves, of greater achievements, of a wider range of usefulness, of a better understand- ing in the community of our purposes, and in consequence thereof, a more substantial support. INAUGURAL ADDRESS. James THompson, January, 7, 1891. President Thompson, on taking the chair, paid a graceful tribute to the efficiency of his predecessor, and after modestly recognizing the fact that ‘‘ He who putteth on the armor may not rejoice like him who putteth it off,’’ said: A word or two on the threshold of the new year may not be out of place. How often have the older members wished and hoped that they might live to see this institution endowed with funds sufficient to carry out the original design of its founders and to enable it to get out of this hand-to-mouth beggarly way of life. O, men of means and influence! when plans are being laid for the improvement and en- riching of our beautiful city let it not be forgotten that this institution, even in its youthful state, has made Davenport better known in the world than any other, than all other institutions together. If it has done so much in its adolescence, under such difficulties, what may it not do when it is enabled to stand on its feet, self-supporting and in- dependent? What a chance for some Davenport Girard or Peter Cooper to step forward and endow the academy, to thus bless it and owe 2 SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 299 the city, and in so doing doubly bless himself. Surely it were better to see the good one does before going hence to be no more on earth than to leave one’s wealth to be fought over and scattered to the winds. And. let me say a word to the young men of the city, many of whom are drifting into idleness and crime, just for want of a purpose: Remember we do not live by bread alone. ‘The mind needs food as well as the body. What a chance is yours to come here and learn of Nature and her ways. Here are books and specimens and every in- ducement to go out and investigate for yourselves the wonders of the world we live in. A fine example for young men is that of our former librarian, H. A. Pilsbry. Working at his trade of printer he put in his spare mo- ments in the study and classification of shells, and is now professor of conchology in the Philadelphia Academy of Science. He thirsted for knowledge, searched for the spring, and drank deep. ‘There are a great many springs right here in this academy to begin on if you are thirsty —and it would be a good thing to begin now. ‘This isa kind of thirst that no man need be ashamed of, and what pleasure there is in the search for the springs of truth. Lessing says, ‘‘ If God held all knowledge in his right hand and in his left the desire to search for truth, and asked me to choose, I would fall reverently on his left hand and say, Father, give!’’ In the search for knowledge lies happiness, and in the strength of the endeavor lies its secret recompense. January 30, 78gr.— REGULAR MEETING. President Thompson in the chair. The auditing committee, appointed at the last meeting reported the accounts of the Treasurer for the past year examined and found correct. The Curator reported as the most interesting addition to the museum during the month a colored drawing made by an Indian convict. Rev. George K. Hoover was elected a regular member, and Mr. S. F. Smith a Trustee to fill the vacancy caused by the election of James Thompson to the presidency. The President announced the appointment of standing committees for the year as follows : Finance—W. C. Putnam, E. S. Ballord, Dr. W. L. Allen. Publication —Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam, H. C. Fulton, Prof. W. H. Barris, Dr. C. H. Preston, James Thompson. Litrary—Miss A. J. S. McCrum, C. E. Harrison, Rev. A. M. Judy. Museum—W. H. Pratt, Archeology; Miss S. G. Foote-Sheldon, Conchology ; Prof. Jerome McNeill, Entomology; Prof. W. H. Bar- ris, Geology and Paleontology; Dr. E. H. Hazen, Natural History ; 300 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Frank Nadler, Mineralogy ; J. J. Nagel, Botany; J. M. DeArmond, Historical Collections. February 27, 1891.— REGULAR MEETING. President Thompson in the chair. Dr. A. W. Elmer and Mr. Louis Block were elected regular mem- bers. March 27, 18917.— REGULAR MEETING. President Thompson in the chair. Hon. John C. Bills was elected to regular membership. The Secretary was instructed to call in all the keys of the Academy building for change of lock and redistribution to authorized holders. A letter was read from Prof. W. H. Pratt on ‘‘ Inheritance of Ac- quired Characteristics.’’ An informal discussion of the subject fol- lowed. April 24, 1891.— REGULAR MEETING. The following resolutions were read and adopted : Resolved, That we have learned with deep regret of the death of Prof. Alexander Winchell, a corresponding member of this Academy. Specially gitted for his life’s work and prosecuting it with conscientious and persistent enthusiasm, he was everywhere recognized and appreciated by his co-labor- ers in the cause ot truth. Whether viewed as author, educator, or scientist, he had achieved in each field the equally high distinction of national repu- tation. Resolved, That we extend our deepest sympathy to the family in their great bereavement, and that copies of these resolutions be sent them. May 29, 1897.— REGULAR MEETING. President Thompson in the chair; five members present. Routine business only was transacted. July 31, 1891.— REGULAR MEETING. Rev. George K. Hoover, President fvo tem; five members present. A communication was read from Capt. Willard Glazier asking the Academy to send a representative to join an expedition to explore the head-waters of the Mississippi river, he to pay all expenses for a six weeks’ trip. . No member feeling ready to spare the requisite time, the SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 301 Secretary was instructed to inform Captain Glazier of the Academy’s regret at not being able to avail itself of his generous offer.* September 25, 1897.— REGULAR MEETING. President Thompson in the chair ; six members present. The curator reported a collection of over 300 specimens, represent- ing more than 30 species of fossil shells from the Hamilton group, made recently by himself at Rockford, Illinois, and presented to the museum of the Academy. The number of paying visitors (about 125 ) during the past month, had been larger than usual, owing to the River Carnival and Fair. Mr. C. E. Harrison was requested to prepare a sketch of his recent trip with the Glazier expedition to the head waters of the Mississippi and present it at an early date. January 6, 1892.— ANNUAL MEETING. The Academy met in regular annual session, President Thompson in the chair. After some discussion it was decided to adjourn to the first Wednes- day in February to receive the reports of officers. February 3, 1892.— ANNUAL MEETING. (Adjourned from January 6.) Eleven members present. The President being absent on account of illness, Vice-President Allen occupied the chair. The reports of officers were presented and ordered placed on file. CURATOR’S REPORT. It is natural at the close of the year, to ask as to the present status of the Academy. Is it realizing the expectations of those most inter- ested in its welfare? Is anything being done to make it attractive to the people? As one of the officers of the Academy, and simply from the standpoint of the Curator, we reply to these questions : First, as to additions made to our cabinet. These are considerably in advance of those made in the past year whether we consider their numbers or value. Accessions have been made in almost every de- * Mr. C. E Harrison finally arranged to accompany the expedition. [Proo. D. A. N.S., Vol. VI.] 38 [February 2, 1897.] 302 DAVENPORT. ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. partment of natural science — geology, mineralogy, palaeontology, ornithology, archeology, conchology, entomology and botany. Among the extensive collections are a series of fossils from the Rock- ford shales of this state, comprising about 30 species and between two and three hundred specimens, all of which have been properly labeled and are on our shelves. Another and most remarkable addition has been made by Prof. Shimek of Iowa City, comprising many species of sea urchins, basket fish, serpent stones, crabs and corals from the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and land and water shells from Tennessee, all in excellent con- dition, identified and labeled by the giver, who has made special study of the objects presented. The Academy is most fortunate in securing such a donation. Mr. Wickham of Iowa City has generously furnished to the Acad- emy the first installment of a series of specimens in entomology to supply deficiencies, and perfect our already extensive collection, in that department. Mr. Williams of St. Louis has favored us with over a hundred botanical slides, supplying a want much felt in the Academy. We notice in the next place the opportunities for the Academy to afford instruction have, the last year, been unusually favorable. Specialists have taken occasion frequently to visit us for study in their several departments. The archeological department has been in espe- cial favor. A new impulse has been given to the study by the inser- tion in our primary geographies of one or two chapters on the Mound Builders. Hence teachers have not only come from a distance to acquaint themselves with the works of an ancient race now passed away, but during the past year whole schools, accompanied by their teachers, have frequently visited the Academy. Is anything being done to awaken an interest in the community in behalf of the Academy? Before answering this question let me say the great work, the legitimate work of this Academy, has been and is now being realized in its publications. They stand as the cause, aim and end of its existence. In our non-apprec:ation of this fact we may ig- nore it, but our ignoring does not change it. The frequent applica- tions of scientists for the special papers published in our fifth volume, to aid them in completing their work, and the frequent enquiries as to when the sixth volume will be ready for distribution, made by leading societies of Europe and of this country, show their appreciation of the work. And now for the practical question, ‘‘ What are we doing now to incite a popular interest in the Academy?’’ The curator has adopted the expedient of accompanying each visitor through the museum and explaining to him the several objects of interest claiming his attention. The success of this direct personal effort is evinced not only in the increasing number of visitors but in their uniform expressions of appreci- ation of that which they see and hear. The teaching function of the institution is thus made prominent, and is extended most freely to all SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 303 who choose to place themselves within the reach of its exercise. The year has certainly shown what may be accomplished in this direction. Definite ideas are thus gathered as to the varied objects of natural his- tory upon our shelves. As a consequence visitors go away satisfied with and emphasizing their satisfaction with what they have. learned. A new interest is thus awakened which it is hoped will go on deepen- ing, and doubling in intensity, and in time it is hoped it may become a powerful factor “for permanent good to the Academy. I need not say this has been a work of time, and has interfered most materially with the special labor which the curator most desired to ac- complish. ‘This labor was partially outlined in his last report. He there emphasized the necessity of a thorough revision of the fossils con- tained in our collection. It will be remembered that many of the specimens gathered at an early date were deposited on the shelves with scarcely any notice other than that of locality, some wanting even that. These required study and identification. No science has made more rapid advances during the past twenty years than that of palzon- tology. New genera and new species are constantly being discovered and described, so that the nomenclature of to-day is widely different from that of a few years ago. This change calls for an entire and rad- ical change in the classification of our fossils. The work is in satis- factory progress and would have been finished but for the frequent interruptions to which reference has been already made. ‘The curator has procured a book in which will be recorded the names of fossils as given years ago and then the new names by which they are now known, with full references to the authorities in accordance with which the changes have been made. Thus, it seems from the standpoint of the curator the past year has brought with it much to encourage us. It has witnessed the gradual increase of the museum, as well as valuable additions to its collection. It has ministered to the necessities of those who most needed its aid. Its teaching power has been brought into contact with every visitor and its efficiency abundantly proven, and it is hoped the special work of the curator in the palzontological department will issue in a thorough scientific classification of the paleontological treasures now scattered over its shelves. Wolh Beene February 3, 1892. LIBRARIAN’S REPORT. To THE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES: The library of the Academy for the year just closed has exhibited a very gratifying growth, the accessions numbering 1,702, exclusive of the daily papers, the present total being 26,203. It was thought best at the beginning of the year to discontinue registering a great amount of matter which daily comes to us and is of no value or interest on the shelves, else the number would have been much larger. 304 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. The additions comprise the reports of most of the scientific socie- ties of the world, reports of the many departments of the Government, files of various scientific journals and periodicals, geological State sur- veys, and reports from nearly every State in the Union, representing almost every subject pertaining to the natural sciences. Slow progress has been made during the year upon the index cata- logue previously commenced, the limited time of those in charge of the Library permitting them to give but a small part of their labor daily to this work. The great needs of the Library—and these are assuming immense proportions— are the binding and preserving of the many thousand unbound volumes and pamphlets, and the completion of the index. I trust the day is not far distant when provision will be made for these pressing needs, greatly enhancing the value of this department of the Academy. February 3, 1892 C. E. Harrison, Lzbrarian. PRESIDENT’S ANNUAL ADDRESS. JAMES THompson, February 3, 1892. The following address, prepared by Mr. Thompson as a review of the year’s work was, in his absence, presented by his daughter: FELLOW MEMBERS OF THE DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCI- ENCES— LADIES AND GENTLEMEN: I believe it is the rule as well as the custom for the President of the Academy to give an annual address, a summing up of the year’s prog- ress. I am of the opinion that in my case this rule would be better honored in the breach than in the observance, inasmuch as the mate- rial is scant, the laborers few, and the skill to exhibit what little there is, sadly lacking. It is like making bricks without straw, and conse- quently the task is rather difficult. It may be true that in looking at the years passed over and the labor spent we are ready to exclaim, in the words of the poet — Of all sad words of tongue or pen, The saddest are these: It might have been. It might have been that we would have seen the Academy building extended to its originally contemplated dimensions, if—if—! It might have been that some big-hearted, rich lover of science would have endowed the society with a fund large enough to place it upon a sure and lasting basis, if—if—! It might have been that greater numbers of young men, imbued with love of science, would have fol- lowed the example of some of the earlier workers and trained them- selves to continue the work begun, if—if—! It might have been that some of us might have done more and better than we have, if — if—! All these and more might have been, if—,; but each one can fill out the sentence to please himself. But despite difficulties, nopes not realized, and regrets for what | a pe AE tare sia nace Piet NE Andie, Aad ne = «dee te PS Oi lt edd Peete ee ire Lt we SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 3°05 might have been, we still live ; and with the means at our disposal we have no reason for discouragement. ‘‘ Things are not always what they seem.’’ Failure and success are relative terms. What often seems failure is embryonic success, resulting in the birth of improved methods, clearer intelligence, better work and higher attainments. Every one is familiar with examples of this in studying the history of events as they transpire. The very things that seem to destroy and overwhelm are, by some occult alchemy, changed into deliverance and salvation. ‘The very wrath of men is made to praise and hold up the truth. For example, the War of Independence seemed disastrous, but it resulted in the birth of a nation and the independence of a great people. ‘The shot at Fort Sumter and the first battle of Bull Run had a disastrous look, but we now know that the black cloud had a silver lining and culminated in the emancipation proclamation of Abraham Lincoln and the surrender of Lee to Grant at Appomattox. We have notable examples of this in our own institution. But for the assertions of some professors of science in a national institution—but for this seeming evil, we would never have seen that able and unanswerable defense of our institution and relics as given to the world by our late lamented President, Charles E. Putnam, which resulted not only in proving the genuineness of the relics as found and the honesty of the finders, but of convincing the scientific world of the same — proofs of which convictions come to us from almost all scientific bodies in Eu- rope as well as America. Speaking reminiscently, we must not fail to remember gratefully and regretfully our former fellow member and Curator, W. H. Pratt: gratefully when we think of his zeal and untiring labor for so many years in building up and keeping in order our collections: regret- fully when we think of his departure to another city just as he was be- ginning to develop a favorite theory of his, viz, making our Academy an efficient auxiliary of the public school, by taking classes weekly, and teaching practically, visually and orally the nature of the things and animals which they have read about in their books. It is not too much to hope that some one equally capable and imbued with equal zeal will take up this work so auspiciously begun and carry it forward to a successful issue. The heart fills with sorrow and the eye with tears as, year by year, numbers of our efficient members leave us, some to other places, as Fulton, Pilsbry and others, but the greater number to join the silent majority — Sheldon, the Putnams, father and son, Farquharson, French, Riepe, Renwick, Adams, Preston and others. Verily they rest from their labors and their works follow them, while we sadly miss them in their accustomed places and long for the ‘touch of a vanished hand.’’ Still speaking reminiscently, we must not fail to mention with admiration the unflagging enthusiasm and successful labors of the Chairman of the Publication Committee, Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam. Able, efficient and persistent in her efforts from the first; meeting the objections of the few opposers who doubted the wisdom of publishing the proceedings ; she has been the projector of 306 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. * ways and means as well as the collector of the funds which have made the publication a success, which has been the means of making us as well as, ifnot better known abroad than at home; thus by its success com- pelling the acknowledgement of the doubters and the public generally, of the wisdom and the benefit of our publication, the importance of which we must keep constantly in view and endeavor to raise a perma- nent publication fund in order that original papers can be published in due time before they are sent out to the world from other sources. I believe a great many more papers would be sent to us if it were assured that they would get immediate publication. Leaving the imperfect review of the past we come face to face with the present, and of course the prospect of providing for the future. And first we will note, with thanks to the same indefatigable worker, the successful completion of her efforts in the renewal of, and adding to the subscriptions for the Curator’s salary, thus securing, as you will see by the report, that necessary expense for the next five years. In the absence of a permanent fund it is a grand thing to be able to say that so much is provided for. We are all aware that nothing has been done for some time in out- door excursions, exploring mounds or adding any new discoveries to the museum. Alas! The old field marshals are either gone or laying up in ordinary, and we are sadly in need of new recruits in this field of interesting labor, and it is hoped that a revival may take place in this direction. In the exceedingly interesting lectures of the Uni- versity Extension Course on Geology, Prof. Calvin mentioned the rich region, geologically considered, lying in the vicinity of Montpelier, down the river some twenty miles, and intimated that an excursion to that locality would take place some time in the spring, and that he would accompany the party and describe, zz sz/u, the strata that he had exhibited on the black-board. Would it not be well for us to be represented in that excursion and report to the Academy whatever of interest may be pointed out by the professor? It may be well to state here that the Academy is pleased to extend the use of its library room to the Quiz classes of the University Course with such books from the museum as they may need, to carry on their work. You will see that the Curator reports additions in almost every department of natural history, and work done in his own special line. In conclusion permit me to suggest that, as you are aware, the great Columbian World’s Fair is to be held in Chicago next year, and also that a new book by the editor of the American Antiquarian entitled ‘‘The Mound Build- ers, Their Works and Relics,’’ is to be published in the spring, which will contain a description of the Davenport relics. Now, as we have the honor of holding in our possession by the right of discovery, a unique relic of prehistoric art, as well as a survival of prehistoric civil- ization, the genuineness of which has been proven by honest and un- impeachable witnesses, I think it would be advisable if possible to send our tablets and some other mound builder’s relics, such as the elephant pipe, copper axes, etc., as part of the Iowa or Davenport exhibit, so SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 307 as to give visitors from all parts of the world a chance to see some- thing that has made a little stir in the scientific world and now is only waiting, like the Rosetta Stone, for some Marietta to decipher the story hidden in its hitherto undecipherable hieroglyphics. ELECTION OF OFFICERS — 1892. President — JAMES ‘THOMPSON. First Vice-President — Dr. W. L. ALLEN. Second Vice-President —W. H. Hotmes. Recording Secretary — Dr. JENNIE MCCOWEN. Corresponding Secretary — Prof. W. H. Barris. Curator — Prof. W. H. Barris. Treasurer — FRANK NADLER. Librarian — C. E. Harrison. Trustees for three years —Dr. C. H. Preston, S. F. Smiru, W. F. Ross. H. H. ANDRESSEN; the latter two taking the places of Messrs. H. C. Fulton and E. P. Lynch, recently removed from the city. Dr. A. W. Elmer was elected a trustee to fill the vacancy caused by the removal of Dr. E. H. Hazen to Des Moines. A vote of thanks was extended to Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam for her work in securing a $400.00 subscription to meet current expenses. The thanks of the Academy were also extended to Mr. W. F. Ross for an invitation to attend the meetings of the Davenport Humane Society. The following resolution, presented by Rey. A. M. Judy, was unan- imously adopted : Recognizing an inestimable advantage to learning in the accumulation of a scientific Library such as this Academy is acquiring, chiefly through the exchange of its publications, for the proceedings of other learned societies ; Resolved, That the public of Davenport is earnestly solicited to contrib- ute toward the cost of the forthcoming volume of the Academy Proceedings. Messrs. Judy, Allen, and C. E. Harrison were, on motion, appointed a committee to devise means of increasing interest in the museum. Lfrebruary 11, 1892.— REGULAR MEETING. Vice-President Allen in the chair. The committee appointed to draft, resolutions expressive of the Academy’s sense of loss in the death of its honored President reported as follows : 308 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. WHEREAS, In the inevitable order of events death has again invaded the membership of the Academy and stricken down our honored and beloved President, James Thompson, who for twenty-four years, or nearly the entire period of the Academy’s existence, has been one of its faithful friends and supporting members ; therefore — Resolved, That while the community at large—the city of his adoption and home, has suffered a great and grievous loss, the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences is most sorely stricken, having long had the benefit of his counsel, aid, and fellowship, with opportunity to know and appreciate the beauty and symmetry of his sterling character. Resolved, That we place his name with reverence and love upon the proud and precious roll of our honored dead. Resolved, That the Academy extends to the bereaved family the assur- ance of sympathy and condolence. TW. McCortinen W. F. RIEPE, J. H. HARRISON, Committee. March 25, 1892.— REGULAR MEETING. President Allen in the chair. After the usual reports the subject of an exhibition of the Acade- my’s collections at the World’s Fair was discussed but no action taken. April 29, 1892.— REGULAR MEETING. Ten members present. Resolutions on the death of J. M. Parker and of Nicholas Kuhnen were passed, and a large crayon portrait of the late president, James Thompson, was presented by Mr. Harrison on behalf of the family. President Allen appointed the following standing committees for the year: Finance —J. B. Phelps, C. A. Ficke, H. M. Henley. Publication— Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam, W. H. Barris, C. H. Pres- ton, J. B. Young, Prof. S. Calvin. Library —C. E. Harrison, Miss A. J. S. McCrum, A. M. Judy. Museum—W .H. Pratt, Archeology ; Miss S. G. Foote-Sheldon, Con- chology ; W. H. Hatch, Ichthiology; Miss J. Sanders, Entomology ; W. H. Barris, Geology and Paleontology; F. Nadler, Mineralogy ; A. W. Elmer, Natural History; J. J. Nagel, Botany; J. A. De Ar- mond, Historical Collections. E. S. Hammatt was elected a regular member. 4 & e a rs ‘g & MRIS Le See SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 309 IN MEMORIAM—J. MONROE PARKER. WHEREAS, The hand of death has removed from among us our life-long associate and life member, J. Monroe Parker ; Resolved, That in his death the Academy has lost a member whose kind words of encouragement have always cheered our efforts and whose gener- ous aid has ever been ready to assist us. Resolved, That while we deplore his death as a great loss to us, we will ever cherish the memory of his kindness and support of all good works, and his most generous provision for the future of this Academy. Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon our records and a copy thereof be sent to the bereaved widow and children. ey Se bALLOrRD: S. F. SMITH, WILLIAM J. Ross, Committee. IN MEMORIAM —N. KUHNEN. Again has death invaded the ranks of the Academy and taken away one of its foremost members, Nicholas Kuhnen. It is fitting that we come with reverent hearts to offer this tribute to his memory. A firm friend of the Academy in its time of need, a loyal citizen to every public duty, a courteous gentleman in every relation of life, generous to a fault, it might be said of him, “His life was gentle, and the elements so mixed in him that Nature might stand up and say, ‘ This was a man.’” It is ordered that a copy of this minute be presented to the bereaved family, and that the Academy wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days. G Gro. P. MCCLELLAND, S. P. BRYANT, C. E. HARRISON, Committee. May 27, 1892.— REGULAR MEETING. President Allen in the chair. A letter from Prof. S. Calvin of Iowa City was read, accepting a position on the publication committee. ‘‘But for its publications,’’ he wrote, ‘‘the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, notwith- standing all the brilliant names it has had and still has on its roll of membership, would never have been known outside of Davenport. As it is, the publications of the Academy, with their important contribu- tions to the sum of human knowledge, have made Davenport honora- bly known, at least among men of science, throughout the civilized world. The cultured people of your beautiful city, when they realize what the Academy has done and is capable of doing, will, I am sure, [Proo. D. A. N.S., Vol. VI.] 39 [February 4, 1897.] 310 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. rally to its support, and will see to it that its usefulness from the point of view of science, and its usefulness from a more selfish point of view, in advertising the intelligence and progressiveness of Davenport, shall not be hindered or impaired.’’ The Curator reported the donatian from the Hon. Whit. M. Grant of a very remarkable specimen of mica-schist containing numerous garnets. On motion a vote of thanks was extended to Mr. Grant. The fine specimens of fur-seal skins of different ages, previously donated by Mr. Grant, were brought out for discussion as to the causes operating toward the extermination of the seal. The following resolution was presented and adopted: Resolved, That the publication committee be instructed to publish the papers now on hand, and such as may hereafter be accepted by the Acade- my, in brochure form, as soon after their reception as practicable, and issue them at once (without delaying for the completion of a volume) to such sub- ° scribers and exchanging societies as may elect to receive them thus. October 28, 1892.— REGULAR MEETING. President Allen in the chair; seven members present. The Curator mentioned, among recent donations to the Museum, a handsome slab of crinoidal limestone, presented by Mrs. C, C. Parry. The chairman of the publication committee reported Volume V. of the PRocEEDINGS in the hands of the binder, and three papers pre- sented for Volume VI. Curator Barris announced that he would, as requested by the com- mittee, prepare a paper on ‘‘ The Local Geology of Davenport,’’ for Volume VI. A comprehensive Index to the first five volumes of the PROCEEDINGS, was announced as in course of preparation, under the direction of Prof. W. J. McGee of Washington, D. C. The following resolution of respect to the memory of Mrs. J. Mon- roe Parker was adopted: Resolved, That in the death of Mrs. J. Monroe Parker this Academy realizes the loss of a firm friend and a life member of this institution, and would place on the minutes this recognition of her interest in its welfare. Mrs. C. E. PUTNAM. W. H. BARRIS, W.H. HOLMES, Commtttee. SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 311 December 14, 1892.—TWENTY-FIFTH OR ‘‘SILVER ANNIVERSARY”? MEETING. In the afternoon the Museum was thrown open to the children of the city, music being furnished by a children’s orchestra. In the evening there was a fair gathering of interested friends in the main Academy hall. An interesting sketch of the history of the Academy from its begin- ning, December 14, 1867, was read by Dr. Jennie McCowen ; and letters from absent friends were read conveying many expressions of good will. A delightful musical programme was rendered by the Misses Bru~ ning, Mrs. Swiney, Miss Hoyt, and others. A bountiful repast was served in the supper hall, and altogether the anniversary proved a very enjoyable occasion. ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. Dr. JENNIE McCowen, December 14, 1892. LADIES AND GENTLEMEN: The Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences was organized Decem- ber 14, 1867, just twenty-five years ago to-night. Of the four gentlemen who met that night in a dingy little office up- stairs on the corner of Third and Perry streets and pledged themselves to united efforts towards the acquirement and dissemination of scien- tific knowledge, towards the encouragement of scientific research and the promotion of practical scientific instruction in the public schools, not one remains to-day in active membership in the Academy. Of the first year’s officers of that infant scciety not one remains. Of the ten gentlemen who formed the first Board of Trustees, but a single one remains, Dr. W. H. Barris. At the end of 1868 the membership had increased from four to fifty-four. The first donation from abroad to the new museum was a collection of crinoids from Mr. Enoch May of Burlington. The first lot of specimens received in exchange was a collection of marine shells, sponges, etc., from the Portland, ( Me.) National His- tory Society, an institution which has long since ceased to exist. The first case for holding specimens was a home-made one, man- ufactured for the Academy by one of the original members. The first lecture under the auspices of the Academy was by Prof. Gustavus Hinrichs, then of the Iowa State University, given at the German Theatre. The first paper read in Academy meeting was on ‘‘ The Relation of the Outer World to Our Senses,’’ by Mr. W. H. Pratt, who, during the twenty-four years that have elapsed since that time, has been un- 312 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. tiring in his devotion to the Academy and has but recently transferred his residence to another city. That this infant society anticipated the good advice of Dr. Edward Everett Hale in an inclination to ‘‘ Look up and not down,”’ is shown by the fact that its first purchase of a scientific nature was a telescope. This instrument is still in the possession of the Academy and has been from time to time the source of much pleasure and profit. During the early years of the existence of the Academy it accepted the hospitality of the Library Association and one and another office of private individual or firm, but as time passed on it grew until it could no longer be accommodated in the house of its friends, and in 1873 it became an independent householder and paid rent at the rate of $6.00 a month for a small room. We cannot trace our history step ‘“by step, but in 1877 —Zin our tenth year —the corner stone of the Academy building was laid, and in February of the next year, the building was completed and opened to the public with much ceremony and great rejoicing. In looking over the early records of the society I was interested to find that the first woman proposed for membership was a physician — Dr. Delia S. Irish — though owing to her intended absence from the city her name was afterwards withdrawn. ‘The first elected to mem- bership was Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam, who is still an active member. The first elected an honorary member was Mrs. M. A. Sanders. From the very beginning of the Academy the women of the city have been interested in it and have done what they could for its ad- vancement. As early as January 18, 1868, scarcely a month from the date of organization, an entry shows that ‘‘ Mrs. M. A. Sanders con- tributed a large collection of minerals, fossils and recent shells, which alone filled a cabinet case.’’ And not long after, we find mention of a ‘* Ladies’ Furnishing Fund,’’ which provided ‘‘ seven cases for spec- imens and books, matting for the floor, curtains, etc.’’ When sufficient scientific material had been accumulated to warrant the publication of Proceedings, it was made possible by the Woman’s Centennial Association. The lot for the new Academy building was given by a woman, Mrs. Patience V.. Newcomb. In 1879, a woman, Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam, was elected to the presidency, a thing then unheard of in the scientific world, (an indiscretion which was repeated ata later date in the election of Dr. McCowen in ’go, and her re- election in ’9I. Time forbids more than mere mention of many good works; among them, of the efforts of father and son, Charles E. and J. Duncan Put- nam, each notable in his own way in building up the Academy and protecting its interests. The gentlemen of the Academy, now present, who have borne the heat and burden of the day, can bear testimony to the fact that, com- menced without funds and year by year through two and a half de- cades, having to contend against the difficulty of want of means to prosecute its work to the best advantage, yet the Academy has lived, SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 313 and more, has grown; and further, has secured recognition even in foreign countries as one of the American Academies worthy of a place among scientific institutions. Of the material prosperity with which Davenport is being blest, so much is due directly to the results of scientific study, experiment and research, that it is inconceivable that any institution whose chief aim is scientific study and the dissemination of scientific knowledge, should not be adequately sustained. The exact knowledge which is sought in scientific pursuits is the sure ground of prosperity, and com- paring to-day with fifty years ago and realizing that the almost incon- ceivable advances which have been made all along the line are chiefly the result of applied science, we can but expect that the Academy, too, will share in the general forward movement inaugurated in our city. EXTRACTS FROM ANNIVERSARY LETTERS. Prof. E. L. Berthoud of Golden, Col., a member of the New York Lyceum and of the Philadelphia Academy of Science, wrote: Assure the members of the Academy to whom I owe the honor of being a member, that I warmly appreciate the honor conferred and look forward with pleasurable anticipation to the time when I may be per- mitted to attend a society meeting. I am preparing for a winter’s trip south to Mexico, and anything I may see that is archzologically inter- esting will be duly imparted to the Davenport Academy. — Prof. T. S. Parvin of Cedar Rapids: You know the deep interest I feel in the welfare of the Davenport Academy, and I trust that: your anniversary occasion may serve to interest some of your wealthier citizens who may lend a helping hand and so contribute to its further usefulness. Edward K. Putnam, Detroit, Mich.: I wish I could be there to help celebrate the silver anniversary of the Academy. I really miss the Academy here. The Chicago Acad- emy, as you may know, has received a gift of $75,000. Davenport’s turn will come some day. Robert H. Lamborn, New York City: I hear from time to time of the good work you are doing and am thereby impressed with the great importance of local academies like yours. I have recently been instrumental in starting one at Grand Junction, Colorado, which is already doing valuable work. W. C. Brewster, New York: I do not know of anything that would afford me more pleasure than an opportunity to meet my old friends on an occasion like the silver anniversary of the Academy of Natural Sciences. 314 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Prof. W. H. Pratt. Minneapolis: We should each and all feel a just and reasonable pride in the great value and excellence of the work done—largely by those who are gone—resulting in the establishment of one of the most creditable and valuable institutions in Davenport. George F. Henry, Des Moines: The history of the Davenport Academy has been one of honor, a credit to all its members, and, putting it in a position of deserved prominence in the scientific world, may well be made a matter of con- gratulation and pride. January 4, 1893.— ANNUAL MEETING. President Allen in the chair ; nine members present. REPORT OF THE PUBLICATION COMMITTEE. The Chairman, Mrs. Putnam, reported Volume V. of the PRocEED- INGS now in the hands of the binder, and the first pages of Volume VI. already printed. The Publication Endowment Fund, started by the late Prof. S. D. Sheldon by the payment of $50.00, entitling him to all the publica- tions of the Academy, has been added to in equal amount by Charles Velie, of Evansville, Indiana, and Austin Corbin, of New York City. The Academy sends its PROCEEDINGS to all Scientific, Historical and Art Institutions, and to authors or publishers of Scientific or His- torical Works, in exchange for their own or other publications. Since the last annual meeting we have sustained a great loss in the death of President James Thompson, a most earnest advocate and sup- porter of this particular branch of the Academy’s work, and especially helpful in his sympathy and faith in the future of the publication. The Academy is most fortunate in having secured the consent of Prof. Calvin, of Iowa City, to act in his place on the Publication Com mittee. CURATOR’S REPORT. The Curator submitted the following report : The additions to the museum for the past year have hardly averaged those recorded in preceding reports. While small contributions have occasionally been made, there have been no large accessions in any department of Natural History. The museum has had a better opportunity than heretofore to test its teaching qualities and thus prac- tically widen its influence. This is especially noticeable in the fact that a more than usual number of schools, with their teachers, have come from the neighboring state to avail themselves of the opportunity ™ SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 315 of familiarizing themselves with an exhibit of the varied works and remains of the Mound Builders. These, as object lessons, have ap- pealed to the senses and thus illustrated the knowledge they have de- rived from the teaching of their text-books. In addition to such instances, parties engaged in the pursuit of special studies have regularly resorted to our rooms for the prosecution of their work. Every effort has been made by the Academy to facil- itate such work by the proffer of the free use of the varied material upon our shelves for examination and comparison, while the books in our library have, for the time being, been placed’ at their disposal. The thorough modern classification of our large array of fossils, recom- mended years ago, and even then insisted on as a necessity by your former Curator, Prof. Pratt, has been commenced and prosecuted toa considerable extent. The fragmentary and otherwise imperfect con- dition of specimens has made it a slow, tedious task, while the daily interruptions to which your Curator is subjected have helped still fur- ther to cripple him and sadly interfere with the early accomplishment of the work. Respectfully submitted, January 4, 1893. W. H. Barris, Curator. LIBRARIAN’S REPORT. TO THE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES: Your Librarian begs leave to report 1458 additions to the library for the year just closed, these additions comprising the transactions of scientific societies, government and state publications, etc., are regu- larly received in exchange for our own publications. As stated in the report of your Librarian one: year ago, the means of properly caring for and preserving this valuable collection are wholly inadequate. There has been no binding done, nor shelf room provided during the year, both of which are urgently needed. To relieve our immediate wants for shelf room, I would recommend that the present shelving in the library room be extended to the ceiling, thus utilizing much valuable space. Respectfully submitted, January 4, 1893. (Ge 1c HARRISON, Librarian. CORRESPONDING SECRETARY’S REPORT. During the past year the Secretary has written 113 letters and re- ceived 107. ‘The correspondence has been mainly in reference to the publications of the society and applications for the same. In addition to these a large number of letters have been received acknowledging the receipt of publications. Our regular forms for such acknowledgement have been exhausted, and to write them out in full has devolved on the Secretary an unusual amount of labor. Respectfully submitted. January 4, 1893. W. H. Barris, Corresponding Secretary. WI 2) a +m a BT eee a eae Mae! oy. Yt eelg > 8 iat, 2 ew ee tk Oe wa = x “* 4 wy 4 i ot a ee Mies 4 ® 4 as % 316 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. TREASURER’S REPORT. RECEIPTS. Balanee‘on hand February 6G; 1892755 as lk oe ree ee SUDSELIPLIONS jand GUEST tu. sec, Choe. eA cao ot gene ¢ 492.11 TIRE CCID IS Lon oat one A capa alee Dene POR ee 42.95 TEC TEST Se he ene he i sete ec ad be co ea ak oe NE a ge 49.00 Cash and other donations for cleaning Academy............- 56.66 Entertainment) 22-0 eke. ee ees ee ee ee ae 14.50 paleor piblicatious: 14:14. Face. larce ard ieee ve ote Oe See $667 06 DISBURSEMENTS. Curator,sisalary to Jamvarys21893). reales eae tc ch ae eee oe $455.86 uel sioht and iwicidentals. OF .3.% bss ek ee Da ae 138.11 Publication.>, cee eee eee Se esate : SS ——= i4a S1O7vas——— To 15a l6a Miss A Simonds,cam lac et del Miss ALeverext, del ;- 17. 18. 20. PATE by. Orphula orizabe, n. sp. Female — upper view of head and pronotum ; a— Orphula tepanicas, Sauss. Female, upper view of head and prono- tum; b—-Orphula olivacea, Morse. Female, upper view of head and pronotum ; c— Orfhula speciosas, Scud. Female, upper view of head and pronotum ; d— Orphula decora, n. sp., upper view of head and pronotum. Alpha occifitalis, Thos. Male; a—upper view of head and pronotum ; b — sternum. Phiibostroma quadrimaculata, Thos. Female; a— upper view of head and pronotum ; b— sternum. Bobpedon nubilum, Say. Male ; a— upper view of head and pronotum; b— sternum. 21. Plectrophorus viatorius, Sauss.,n. gen. Male ; a—upper view of head and pronotum ; b—sternum ; c-——sternum, female. Proc, Dav. Acad.Nat. Sci Vol. V1. PLIVV ea he ear ae yh G6) y 2ibs Miss ASimonds, cam. luc et dei Heliotype Printing Co, Boston. Odes pf PA rll fed Deir he . 4 en by aay + 22. Za. 24. 25. 26. PEATE Y: Mecostethus lineatus, Scud. Male; a—upper view of head and pro- notum ; b—sternum; a. f., anal field; r. f., radial field; c. f., costal field ; d.a., discoidal area; u. a., ulnar area. Boétettix argentatus, Bruner. Male; a—upper view of head and pro- notum ; b—sternum; s. a., scapular area. Ligurotettix coguilletti, n. sp. and gen. Female; a— upper view of male, showing tegmina and expanded wings; b—sternum, female; c —sternum, male; m. v., mediastine vein; r. v., radial vein; a. r. v., m. r. V., p. r. v., anterior, median, and posterior radial vein ; i. v., inter- calary vein ; a. u. v., anterior ulnar vein; p. u. v., posterior ulnar vein ; d. v., dividing vein ; p. v., plicate veins. Stenobothrus coloradensis,n. sp. Female ; a—upper view of head and pronotum ; b —sternum ; c — Stenobothrus sordidus, n. sp. Male, up- per view of head and pronotum. Brunneria shastana, Scud., n. gen. Male; a—upper view of head and pronotum ; b —sternum. rf. 2 Sau NE 29. 30. 31: PLATE Ae Gomphocerus clepsydrus, Scud. Male ; a—upper view of head and pronotum ; b—sternum. Pnigodes megocephala, n. sp.and gen. Male ;-a—upper view of head and pronotum ; b—sternum. Evremnus deorum, Scud.,n. gen. Male; a—upper view of head and pronotum ; b— sternum. Stirapleura decussata, Scud. Female; a—upper view of head and pronotum ; b—sternum ; c— St#zrapleura texana, Scud. Side view. Psoloéssa maculipennis, Scud. Male, upper view of head and pronotum; a — Psoloéssa ferruginea, Scud. Female, upper view of head and prono- tum ; b—sternum, male. Proc, Dav. Acad. Nat. Sci Vol. V1. asa SSeS Miss AStmods, cam. luc et del Hellotype Printing Co, Basten Miss ALeverett, del “a Ve U7 ay uae ‘The wy ’ . ™“ “Ay ia ye INDEX. BY 0. H. PRESTON ; Page Page A. A. A.S., See “ American.” ADDRESS, Inaugural— THOMPSON. 298 ABADIANO, Ref. to Discov. of Shell- - Pratt Farewell—THOMPSON,... 292 RETO RELMI NI aha der sist/e fines. « Sieve « 176 | — — Presentation —— HOLMES..... 292 ABORIGINAL Relics, Donation of .. 339 | — President's Annual—HARRISON 276 340 McCoweENn, 286, 296; THOMP- = Remains, Art. on cited ....:.... 10 SON, 304 ; ALLEN, 316, 328, 338; ACADEmy of Nat. Sci., Davenport, ELAM ATE hy cee te ee Rie. Archeological Investigations — Ref. to Presentation,..... 291 ID aceyee sieve etnasen Certs ete ea teehee 343 — — Archives, Preservation of .... 363 — — Endowment,Plea for........ 208 -- —, Historical Sketch of........ 311 —— Keys, Disposition of...... 280, 300 — — Proceedings, Synopsis of.. 275 ee UL CHASE DY ci c\ca's bees ein ws 322 —— "Receipts, SRG PALS bl. -. 2 0: 277 — —, Ref. to Com. on Sci. Work of 280, 281 — —, — Opening of .............. 312 EAD EI OM. coerce cise f+: 344 — —, — Schoolwork of... .281, 302, 305 — —, — Purchase by............. 32 — —, — Revision of Fossils of.... 303 ——— River Carmival and. ..:>.... 301 —_ —, Silver Anniversary of....... 311 — —, University Extension and... 306 ew viSectionvand?:=2...5. 0.0: 358 —-—, World’s Fair and........ Te 320 ROM OG May aNeb tOs.-s 3.0%, cuss 299 — See also “Bulletin” and “ Pro- ESCM Seem Geigatn fais otoeee eo cie = ACANTHOCINUS oésoletis, Occur- rence . : ies TSG ACANTHODERES. decipiens, — Cates 159 ACHLOPHORUS Promus, —......... 14 ACHURUM, Descript., Key and Ref. 201 — acridodes, Ref., 202; Hab....... 203 — sumichrastt, Ref.and Hab..... 202 ACIDOTA szbcarinata, Occurrence. 143 ANGIGIUS: edatus, —. 0 ble. 138 ACMC@OPS Pretemsi?s, —...... 206.5 157 SPIRO L CUS a age ps ease So elelela ee ayes 157 ACRIDIDA and iruxaling.:.....- 179 —, Key to Am. Sub-families ...... 180 ACTOBIUS, sf. zmcog., Occurrence.. 141 ADALIA bipunctata, —............ 144 ADAMS, CLAUDE L., Election as IGS. NSCS Oe lente: Ai eeemieeetr 358A ADAMS CounTY, Mounds in....... 56 ADAMS, WALKER, Ref. to Death of 305 ADDRESS, “Academy's Past and FU EUNG CSN INAVINES 62-02 ones oiere |e oes 29] [Proo D: A.N.S., Vol. VI.] 46 — Silver Anniversary — McCowEN 311 ADELOCERA aurorata, Occurrence 149 —="OFEULCOTNIS, —. save da coder nding 149 ADOXUS OOSCHTUS; 2. J. aatesdeeee 160 AGABUS »@7eolus, —......0¢ tec ee nen 137 MCAT OGLIUS 9 —— a ae nt 137 ea COPLIOMIES a ths sa ote mate, eee 137 —— ALLEY SELLUS: =~. os sre ays etalels eakey eee 137 StH EO TO S105 ate a tol Sed ee Caen 137 MEL TOLMCUS <=>. eR erate chee eee tay 137 SOU SDV EUYLS Rha ahs ae ee 137 = HELECULALUS i — Va Pete ay eae 137 — semipunctatus, — ......0. 200s 137 SURES Nh eet Acero oh ene aa 7 — peculiar Habitat; of. .cssesene 126 —sp. identified by Horn.:........ 130 AGASsiz Assoc., meetings of ...... 285 —'=—, Workers fronr:. .02 2.22.2: 279 — ALEXANDER, cited by McNeill. 184 == Jet. (O \WOPKYOL.s.. sie sae i25 AGATHIDIUM, Occurrence on Fungi 126 — difforme, Occurrence........... 140 - oniscordes, Srl as oe MINS 6 ver aba 140 AGONODERUS PAlUpeS eee 135 = PAT MLOT EUS 5 on octane ators ee AGRELUSIAQIT CUS es oie ee 152 = AULIMCALUS 6 —— Ot ac ei, aapate hier 152 VO ROMWL AGUS » ea ncteltt tape t ie 152 == OLLOSUS chee Hie ae bray ee ae Se DOUG ane eats, hays ees ete 152 AGRIOMES (UGOSUS,—— aa on Soe 149 Sa LCMUOSUS sc tah! eatenaiss hel Sets ce pene 150 ——=( PUDESCENS: oj farses rae 149 == SLADTEDS anata thee ee eR ois aa 149 AHRENS, GEORGE AND WM., Dona- TONS EPOUIG,. ken csee ha tieae ee 287 AKENTETUS, Descript. and Occur- GENCE i oe atrae Ate ee ane 225 ——WNICOLOT, OCSELIPts a. one ate ote 225 ALASKA and Circumpolar Regions, Ref.to Catalogue of Coleopt, of 128, 129 ALBANY, ILL., Ref. to mounds near 317 ALDRICH,.CHARLES, Ref. to ...... (367) {March 16, 1897.) ‘at Fe 368 Page ALEOCHARA Jbimaculata, Occur- TEHGCE ahr ge eer Ree 140 ALEXANDER, W.E., Ref.to Art: by. 1 ALICE, AKER REE TOlsseacus seep 366 ALLAMAKEE Co., Mounds in...... 5 ALLANDRUS ¢Zfasciatus,Occurrence 169 ALLEN Farm, Mounds on......... II4 ALLEN,” We ids; Appointment on Committees: ‘“ Ben Hur” 320, Finance 299, Library 308, Mu- SEMMIIMEETESiS* sess tea 307 —, Election as President ...... 310, 32 ao PUES LEGS 5 Eee on istins eee ans 296, 338 PE ae MICE RE LES): Shite ths Saas Hate 295, 307 —, President’s Address by..... 316, 328 id 1 = 6 IRIS a Pea se 338 PUIISIS ay CILCCYDVASEAI Nice cite oe 19 ALPHA, Descript. 245, Ref.and Key 246 Vesey eset 241 EKENULATR, = ote. Oe ee 247 — occipitalts., Ref. 246, Hab....... 247 AMBLYTROPIDIA, Descript. Ref. auieuey ic fee settee ress 3 226 — auriventris, Ref. and Hab...... 22 — occidentalts, —— .... 1.2... caee 22 AMARA exarata, Occurrence...... 132 LEC USUU ESS ng ks tah hut eet 132 ILUSCULUS —— 2 sig Oe ee eae 133 Ek L Bet a Dye Cat es a he 133 OL ILE en a ec eC es Ie ee ee 133 — SEPlentrionalis, — 0. )c ence ees 133 SP. LEN ty del OFM, gerenre tee ahs 130 AMERICAN Assoc. for the Adv. of Science, Appointment of Dele- DALE) eet ee erase ict oe 291, 358B — Proceedings cited by Starr..... 4, 17% 19,23 — —, List of Arts. in by Parry... 46 — Ent. Soc., Proc.cited by McNeill 189 — Entomologist, Ref. to.......... 345 — Miss. Nat. Hist., Bulletin cited.. 184 — See also “Anthropologist,” “An- tiquarian ” and “Archeologist.” AMERICANISTES, Cong. Internat., dess- Proce cited a sno 54 —— eer to meeting Of. 22> sone. 343 AMOEN. Acad., cited by McNeill .. 182 AMPHITORNUS, Descript. 223, Key .22 — bicolor, Ref. 224, Hab......!)..:. 225 — ornatus, Ref.Descript. and Occur. 225 ANASPIS flavifennis, Occurrence.. 165 == MEIKE, a Me oa vole Wee Oh eee 165 FIA wie eee han i ae sunidess ANATIS 75-Punctata, —........... 144 ANDALUSIA, Donations from. ..349, 350 ANDRESSEN, H. H., Election as Trustee . ANDREWS, i: W.. Minute of Lec- ture by Se. Senne ged gh A SA 358 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Page ANDROCHIRUS erythropus, Occur.. 163 ANISODACTYLUS baltimoriensis, —. 136 —= QISCOLGEUS, — = 24S ke ee 136 = RAFSPISSIE oo cect oh 136 = PUSHES a wa cain Ooh ae 136 — SEFECEUS) a. os oh, voi as 136 — LErUinalus, i. Ae ake eee 136 ANISOSTICATA strigata, Occurrence 143 ANISOTOMA assimilis, — .........- 140 ANNALS of Iowa, cited by Starr... 2, 10, 13, 16, 21, 22, 23 ANNALS del. Mus Civ. di Genova, cited ‘by McNeill<. 2.2445 182 ANNUAL Meetings, D.A.N.S., 276, 293, 314, 324, 334, 347 ANTHEROPHAGUS ochraceous, Oc- CUIFENGE.. yo. oie sen ee 145 ANTHICIDA 22 555.5. 020 oS. < see 165 ANTHICUS cervinus, Occurrence... 165 —\COFACTMUS; iiss 2 « te eee ee 165 —flOK AUS Id 5. «is va oe 165 = PAHlens ;,—— 3. eee 127, 165 — SPY elUs, "5 Pee 165 — Sp. Ident. by Casey, —.....722. 130 ANTHOBIUM fothos, Occurrence... 143 ANTHOCOMUS erichsont, —........ 154 ANTHONOMUS rujfipennis, —....... 167 Sue eee 167 — SUIONATYUS) — 2... 5. 6. 2 see 167 ANTHRENUS 7us@orum, —........ 146 ANTHRIBIDAE, <.. vs: 2. chee eee I ANTHROPOLOGIST, Am., cited by Starr i030: Aes. eee ee 12 — "Ref to Ant. 11-3555 2 oe a ee I7I ANTIQUARIAN, Am., cited by Starr, 1, 3, 4, 12, 13, 14,-15, 16,517; 20; 2a ans i 06 — Davenport Relicsand.......... 3 — Ref, to:-Artsiim 54.75. 28ers eee 7, 10 ANTIQUITIES, Bibliography of lowa— STARR... .u2-0 eee I —, Des Moines River, Key to..... 5,6 APHODIUS fimetarius, Occurrence. 155 — LV ARATLUS =. ons 2a oa ee eee 155 — hematus, —.. | sone oe 155 ——, Occur. in decaying veget. mould) Ph... 2. aos ee ee 127 APHONUS ¢ridentatus, Occurrence.. 156 APHORISTA v7tfala, —.........+..- 145 APION cavifrons (sp. aff.), — ...... I — SEQNIPES, SH. sve ss ws 166 APRISTUS cordaicolits, —. 02 soca oes 134 ARCHZOLOGIST Am, pay by Starr 54-5 ARCH£OLOGY, D. A. N.S. Collec- tlonS in 22k vives ce en ee 330 =, — Work, ity: 0... ore eee 351 — of lowa; Ref: toe <2.. see 53 a ——, Summary of the— STARR... 53 ARCHIVES, D. A. N. S., Report on Preservation of.............+- 363 INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS. 369 ‘ Page Page ARHOPALUS fu/minans, Occurrence 156 | BARRIS, W. H., cited on Mummy. .358A ARICULA margatifera, Specimen —, Donation of Fossils by......... 301 GONE NEO A OOS) Ee ee 349 --, Election as Cor. Sec. and bata 2096 ARKANSAS, Ancient Grooved Rocks 307, 319. 327, 338, 355 I=) GHAI MAN wif. cee ee 29 pS AS MLMUSHCEL Wo el ecaneles 286 , 296, 319 ARIzona, Ref. to Cliff-dwellings of 292 , Reference to Paper by EN ee ASAPHES z#dzstzmcius, Occurrence 151 | —, — to Work of.............. 325, 353 — MEMMNONTUS, — 0. eee eee eee Tots, >). Neporeas Corimec naa. 315, 334, 348 ASCLERA Puncticollis, —.......... 164 | —, — as Curator. .294, 301, 314, 335, 548 Se UAULILCOULES Sl ei letiaie lee tees eee +s 164 | —, — as Memb. of Com.. .281, 287, 310, ASEMUM me@stum, Occurrence..... 156 323, 357, 358B, 363. See, also, ENS HEME MMET Meer, TOME! vo). ais yd. hs 359 “Reports” Mus.and Pub. Com’s. ASHMEAD, Mr., Acknowledgement BARTLETT, CAPT., Reference to... 359 to — McNeill... 179 | BASSAREUS @efritus, Occurrence... 160 Assoc. for Adv. of Sci. (Am. ‘Br. i | fOFMMOSUS, = te ee ae ESN 160 See “ Proceedings.” — WARING ED). on 48 a AO ewe 160 ATLANTA, Donation from......... B5oAv BASSE DT, be. ClLEG: Dy ota len net ame 19 ATLATL, Representation on Gor- BATRISUS SPP. 7, Occurrence...... 140 REL GU Mentor ats she eyes) aisles te s,s 178 | BAYFIELD, WIS., Place of collect- ATOMARIA ephippiatta, Occurrence 146 ing——WICKHAM:.'. .') < fetsle@eest 125 JN D/MUDIS) CLA a 154 | —, Lopography of... 42/259 oak 125 AN TUDTSTEYVIGH I DVL IR aa 166 | BEAL, and Loos, cited by Starr... 3 ATTELABUS Obizfustudatus, Occur- BEAMAN, D2. ,— —" eo eee 19 SETS DUS SANS 2 et eae ae 160, || BECKET) NERS, Refs tds eases mee 320 SURO S at MG ea IAS oi/o2 3, cle es se, 2 ees 166), SSEBBE,VA]..— —- baer eee ee 3 Auk, Egg of, Donation of Cast.... 350 | BEETLES of Eur.and Asia foand at AZTEC, ‘“Pocket-deities” presented.358A Baytteld) tac 2.24). aa ee ae 12 — Symbol of Day referred to...... 7 === Wablewoks vin. n seus wee eee 12 BADISTER fPulchellus, Occurrence. 133 BAGOUS mammillatus, —......... 167 BAKER, C. R., Election as Reg. Ileal) ee eo oe eee nee sad BAKER, GEO. T., —— —......... 321 DOM ALOMrOMM ao, scsi cie:- se = 358 BAKER, J. W. H., Appointment as IBGE VES Gh Gules enna 287 BALANINUS “wasicus, Occurrence... 168 BALLORD, E. S., Appointment on Mam Ges Conic... wavs ss s+ 6 299 oe USeumeCOmy. 6.65). a2. 2 356 —, Report as Memb. of Com...293, 309 BANTA, W. V., cited by Starr...... 17 == IRGIS WO) ata Oh ae ee eee 3 BARBER, E. Ac, Ref. to Art. by.... 3 BARINI, Absence from Bayfield GGMleCtrOmine ces ote seals eel 127 BARKER, GEO., Election as Treas- UIEI Ye EM eae 6 GSC Sea eee 276 NM CPOln ase Treasurer ...). <6... 284 BARRIS, W. H., Announcement of Paper D's de Aa ee aan eaten: 310 —, Appointment as Curator....... 292 —, — on Mus. Com.. .299, 308, 320, 356 —, — on Pub. Com. 299, 308, 320, 328, 359 BARRIS, W. H., Appointment, on various Committees. . 280, 286, 364 | BEuR, A., Election as Reg. Memb. 331 BELLAMIRA Scaéaris, Occurrence.. 157 BELLEVUE, Mounds at ......2.... 83 BEMBIDIA, sp. ident. by Hayward 130 BEMBIDIUM, chalceum, Occurrence 131 GON COLO; ma Ae hs wsional ste hene eee eaten 13 ==) COM CILAL KG —— st es et ee ee 131 = LOUOLCCLUI sete ial ve 132 = PLLELAU IN 2 hee dae aicte ee ee 132 — guadrimaculatum, —........... 132 = SCOPULTUTE ah ae ee ee 132 —— LF AMSUCTSALE Ae eRe 232 — vartegatum, sp. aff. — Bets he BEMIS, FRED. P. Appointment on Mius:/@omi iat Se aces 350 = lEGtlon aS Nee. VLemn sass 339 BEN Hur, Proposal to present .... 320 = Ret touKecelptsetromlsn sss: 327, 329 BEUTENMULLER, W., cited by MieNie ee aero ce ee 183 BEQUEST from Mrs. M: P. Bull, Reb totais: ace 330; 351, 354, 358A —-—N. Kuhnen and E. Newbold, Ri@h tn) Stents Stee Reale eee 327 —— ].M.and Mrs. J. M. Parker, Reh fOre tabs vac i ce ee 317 32 BERGER, C, cited by Helmick..... 172 BERLIN, A..F., Ref. to Art. by — Stapr ec ekvdiscs oeveae Clases Sean BERMUDAS, Donation of Corals ERQUM yee ta erecs Ste, jen ae ee 363 at BERTHOUD, E. L., Art. by, “ Budd- ism in rAmleriCa, soe tor Sere — Extract of Letter from <..:.... —, Papers presented by........ 281, BESSEY, 08. < cred by McNeill . BETTISWORTH, G. W., Ref. to Art. DYE catenin at cabin aty~ crectow ee BIBLIOGRAPHY of Iowa Antiqui- ESO TARR. 6 secre ater ee ste COLEECULONSHAM. Peete cick ee ee AVE LO oe ics SS OL Gr eee — Truxalinae of N. AA—MCNEILL BIDESSUS, sf. incog., Occurrence.. “ BIG Woops,” Mounds Neal esc BIyDR, Kenn, Orthopt., cited by MicMenl ts a fare Mone eee a 110) 18 gee BEC MeO SARE ae tts De oer BAIN. BILLS, J. C., Election as Reg.Memb. 3 BIOGRAPHICAL Sketch of Charles Page Christopher Parry—PRESTON. 35 —w—Charles Valentine Riley — AV TBI EAM pect oases nas ac oe 344 — — (Parry, Riley), Ref. to....... 351 BLACKHAWK, COL., Collection of res trom. wi a ee 350 BLACKHAWK, IA., Mounds near... 92 BLAPSTINES interruptus, Occur- TOWMCE aks cs Setters yaicte hs ete 163 BLATCHLEY, W.S., cited by Mc- Neiiere a2 ois dais ce see tae 183 BLECHRUS #Zgrinus, Ocourrence.. 135 BLEDIUS, absent from Bayfield Col- VECHIOM SS wa cads Rese a een ete Ree 126 BLETHISA guadricoliis, Occurrence 131 BLock, Louis, Appointment on Li- Dranye COuMmMitteea.: 4: aa abo e 320 ea AMS COM alert cucieiee ae cen ore 356 BLUMER, vA. Ree. tO Atte Dy vac.. : - 3 BLuNT, SouTH DaAk., Mounds near 170 BoARD of Trade, Royal Greenland, Ref. to Monopoly DYeaSeeseces 360 BoLetosius cincticollis, Occur- HENCE tics estou hem ee etme Ae UC TBETUN) es antic anasto elie Bh hates 142 == CL QULALUS, are Sa SP atins\e's Oa ule les 142 Ea GILEV TESTES mt NS ckase aie Be potte wither 142 BLD OT eh igh ee horn tats bree 142 BOLETOPHAGUS corticola, —...... 163 ICD CSSUS ats arsine ys ralalc ase ee 163 BOLETOTHERUS bzfurcus, —....... 163 BOLivAR, IGNACIO, cited by Mc- * IN G1LE, SAE See eae o cete cuties 183, 187 BoLiL-worM, Ref, to Report on, by TS ALN). 220. .oeereeee 356 —,-Elected’ Rec. Sect). Se. cece 355 —, — a Reg. Memb........:...... 331 BOTANICAL Club, Torry. See “Bul- letin.” — Gazette, Ref. to Art. in by Parry 47 Bowpitcu, —, Acknowledgement to, WICK HAM... 2. sane 128 BowMAN, S.C., Donations from.... 321, 333, 334, 33 » 344 —, Ref. to Donations from....... q 349 — Vv ote of¢Lhanks toy. ac. . see 339 BOYNTON, E. W., Election as Reg. Memb. 5: cise 2 ia ten re 347 BRACE, A. L., Ref. to Art. by: .-.% 3 BRACHINUS, Absence from Bayfield Collection; 2c ee eee 126 BRACHYACANTHA wyrsina, Occur... 144 BRACHYLOBUS /tthophilus, —..... 135 BRADFORD, Mounds near ........ 65 BRENTHIDE..... 5). Ac pee 168 BREWSTER, W. C., Extract of Let- ter from ...:::.-2..0S eee 313 BRIDGEPORT, ILL, Fossils from Quarries Of. int. sa ee 349. Br. Assoc. for the Adv. of Sci., see “ Reports.” Br. N. A. Bound. Com., cited by McNeill: 2228. eee 183, I92 BronsoN, W.H., Electionasa Reg. Memb). 2.334 23,25 eee 284 Brown's STATION, Mounds near.. 98 BRUNER, L., cited by McNeill .... 183 206, 215 BRUNNER VON WATTENWYL, C.,, cited-by McNeilll:s.25 >: eeee » 184 —, — Ref. to “ Revis. du eles des Orthopt.” by . ee 179 Eater Descript.. ba opener 264 — shastana, Occur. and Ref....... 2605 BRUNING, Misses, Acknowledge- mentsS tO... 323,102. eee 311 BRYANT, S. P., Appointment as Bearers. 3.5524 ac conte eee 287 —, Report as Memb. of Com...... 309 BUDDHISM in America,—Berthoud. 25 — =, Ref} to:.. ca. Sei 350 BUDDHIST Nicene in Am., Rel.tow. i. 32S eee 25 BUENA VISTA, Mounds near....... 67 BUFFALO, Head of donated....... 337 BULL, Mary Putnam, Bequest by.. 339 —, —, Ref. to Bequest by 351, 354, 358A BULLETIN Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., cited ‘ P Gi ok mith oe — : Sat ee oie seit) heel 2 eit BA hh SR Ot ‘a d | | | } a ee ee Oe ee ee INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS. 371 Page Page BULLETIN Cal. Acad., List. of Arts. CALVIN, SAMUEL, Ref. to Univ. Ex. otal) BAUS Na 49 eCish DViio. oie cinta ae ree 306 — Div. Entomology, cited ........ 184 | CAMPBELL, AuGusTA, Ref. to Art. = sile Wiss Nat. Hist.,— 173 Je Wy TgcFRUTE 1 Vio eS een 148 BYRRHUS americanus, Occurrence. 148 S AOVCLOPHOTUS, ——sacccs esac ee sees 148 BYTURUS wnicolor, — ............ 146 CANIA dimidiata, —.............- 152 @ATRoO;-Miummy from: 22. ..2..... 358 =—— Wake, Mounds near:.:.:....... 80 CAL AUMIDRUG Ov Dee ee eee 168 CALIFORNIA Acad. of Sci., see “Bul- letin.” CALLIDIUM azntennatum, Occur... 156 CALLIMOXYS sanguinicollis, —.... 156 GARHOMDESS 71002115 —. 26. oes 5 156 CALOCHROMUS erfaceta, —...... 153 CALOSOMA calidum,— ........... 131 SG SAR Aa eS 131 CGATATIHUS C7CPAILUS, — oe 133 TN PUNGLALUS: "soe Noes ee 133 CALVIN, SAMUEL, Appointment on Pub. Com ........ 308, 320, 328, 356 =, Letter from quoted.........-.. 309 ==, IRGio WOMAN 0} Aaa ane aeRO 4 —, — to Communication from..... 282 —, — to Excursion proposed eee . 306 —, — to as Memb. of Pub. Com... 314 CARPOPHILUS brachypterus, Occur. 147 = MERE Te So Sarattes De dnate rete 147 CARVINGS from Mounds, Henshaw cited on Yaar sca ta Hee 10 —, Instructions as to Search for... 345 —, Occur. of, Pipes, Tablets, etc... 68, 80, 90, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97; 98, 99, 101, 108; 110; 11 ly Wea ns aes GASES, Purchasei0lj.s.ee eee 278 CasEy, Capt., Acknowledgements to—= W IGKHAMy ).. ene werent 130 CASSIS madagascarensis, Occur- rence in Mounds....... 94, 105, 115 CATALOGUE, Card, Ref. to 285, 304, 325, : : 329, 348, 354 —, Derm. Salt., cited by McNeill.. 185 —, Insects of Mass., — —...... 185, 186 CATFISH CREEK, Mounds near.... 70 CATLIN, GEO., cited on Sacs and Foxes — STARE. sheet ae CAULFIELD, B. F., cited by McNeill I 85 CAVES near New ‘Albin, Ref. to. 60 CEDAR RAPIDS, Mounds Near. OF CELETES dasa/zs. Occurrence..... 152 CEMENT Floor, Ref. to Contract for.358B CENTENNIAL Assoc., Woman's, and DAs N. 5; Proceedings yes ons gi2% CENTRODERA @decolorata, Occur... 157 CENT. Ins. Rar., cited by } McNeill. 185 CENTURY Magazine, Estimate of Dr Cie Parry. re Oe ner 38 CENT. Orthopt., cited by McNeill... 185 CEPHALOID AY. sat ware tae 164 CEPHALOON /epturides, Occurrence 164 CERAMBY CLD A.C Bath ie ccrmereeees 156 CERCYON avadve, Occurrence ...... 139 — ocellatum, —........+-- Ree 139 == DY Clextatumn, — Si ep cice scien 139 CERUGHUS P20 E7255. 4 sow boy rls See 155 CERRO GorRDO Co., Mounds in.... 62 CERYLON castaneum, Occurrence... 145 CH4&TOCNEMA 7rregularis, —..... 162 = Br OVENS AN aN 8d wos. vataie sian oor 162 Lo 372 Page CHALCOPHORA wéirginiensis, —.... 51 CHAPMAN, W.A., Art. by —“ An- cient Grooved Rocks in Ark- ANISAS. Bist heh vck cede, tec oe 29 CHARIESSA Pz/osa, Occurrence.... 154° CHARLES City, Mounds near....70, 77 CHAUTAUQUA Plan recommended. 286 CHEENEY, D., Ref. to Entertain- THEMED Ween wie wehwiv oul Shee mabe 2 331 CHELYMORPHA argus, Occurrence. 162 CHEMISTRY, Minute of Lecture OD GODEMAR- >< 72 bat awasee 355 CHEROKEE Co., Mounds in........ 63 CHICAGO Journal, see “ Journal.” —— University,Ref. to Gorget in “Ry- erson Collection.” at-i.© ss.0.555 176 CHICKASAW Co., Mounds in ...... 63 CHILOCORUS d7zviulnerulus, Occur. 144 CHINESE, Prob. early Presence of ATV ANELER LCA ote tose ate anckictabeel roe 28 — elegans, Ref. and Hab.......... 233 CHLENIUS fennsylvanicus, Occur. 135 ES CRECEUS: =o ofolw eleinie wleicie wis vlelop dake 135 = TL OWAAILLONTS | — h aleNotey oe adintwsayeliotots 2 see 135 CHLAMNIS P/icala, —.........-.-. 160 CHLOEALTIS, Descript. 227, Ref. ANGI CY 2 e's mode ome a ore 228 — abdominalis, Ref.229, Hab...... 230 — conspersa, Ref. 228, Hab....... 229 CHOLEVA dasillarvis, Occurrence .. 140 ——t LUCID OUILISs —— oi, Stcleiwe e wes eore cto 140 ——S EF INIILEIS IM aicnes oles 8a sole ee alee 140 CHRYSOBOTHRIS dentif~es,—...... 152 SALLI LTS =e AA ae ee RE 152 — Sscabripennts, —. 2... cece ee eeeeee 152 CHRYSOCHUS auratus, —.......... 161 CHRSYOMELA elegans, — ......... 161 — multipunctata, —..........--.. 161 — philadelphica, — .... 6. cece. 161 Satya hah Pn Ae See at 19 Bertin 161 WHRVSO MELD A as 15 sac ste ele 160 CHURCHILL, A. D., Ref toArt.by. 4 GUGINDELID AG: Moises etctabe oss 130 CICINDELA /A7zrticol/lis, Occurrence. 130 = WOUNLTLADHIS \—— sys. Wag ete Shetshel eax sree 5( 130 = UT DURE Chg Sia ogy ayd diwias were, Sea ope > 130 MIE D ILL, ay slate oo hihededs is/are ttaisyes ote e 130 SIO ULLAL, Frei ne Reg oh fey Sin, oto whe 130 PLIERS yo lek Ng he illntyeni sper 130 ROMINA oa, ioe fo eh be whe orc BAe 154 CIRCULAR of Suggestion — STARR. 351 Cisisf. 27cog,, Occurence... 50. 154 COSEEL DAR, oto nne sen tata 163 CLAIRAUT’S Theorem, Ref. to..... 362 CLARION, Mounds near........... 124 CLASSES, Pub.Sch., and Acad.Work 2091 CLAYPOLE, E. W., Ref. to Art. by. 4 CLaAyTon Co., Mounds in......... 65 LE RIDA . 0's jicicgies’s soe epenortaee 154 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Page CLERUS tchneumoneus, Occurrence 154 — guadriguttatus, — .........+45. 154 CLIFFLAND, Mounds near........ 123 CLINOCEPHALUS, Descript.232, Ref. 233 CLINTON Co., Mounds in.......... 68 CLYTANTHUS rurico/a, Occurrence 157 CNEMOGONUS efi/obiz, — .....-.-. 168 COAL-PLANTS, Ref. to Lessons on. 291 COCCINELLA 9-w#ofata, Occurrence. 144 — SAN QUINLD, — ie ins «vse s «ae 144 — tr ‘ANST yer soguttata, +. 4p eee 144 Rea ee 144 Gee ate nae 2 wee ant en 143 COCKERELL, Mr.—, Acknowledge- ments to— WICKHAM ........ 128 CazLAMBUS zwzpressopunctatus, Oc. 137 CCELIODES acephalus, —.... 22.44. 168 COLASPIS brunnéa, —% .<.uisten aan 161 COLASTUS /ruucatius, —......0.05 147 COLEOPTERA, A List of, from the Southern Shore of Lake Supe- rior — WICKHAM .........c00.- 125 —, Donation of a Collection of .... 350 —, List-of Species; : \. 5.4 125 —, — —, Ref. to.........5.00...5. 130 —, Presentation of Paper on...... 346 —, Ref. to Paper On. cae 351, 356 CoL_ett, O. W , Ref. to Exchange Within cies: occ 2 281 COLLOPS w7ttatus, Occurrence .... 154 COLON magincolle, —......vcseees 140 CoLORADO, Coleoptera of, Works on consulted... ).. .. i ao..aeeteee 127 COLYDILDE.. 2.9155. neo ee 145 COLYMBETES /ongulus, Occurrence 138 — sculptilis. —, iv .% 2c decee eee 138 Commission U.S. Ent., Ref. to.... 345 COMMITTEES, Appointment of — “BEN TIUR: ">. ::4 40 320 as) “Egy pta ©... ot alven = eae 331-* a ’ Herbarium aie. oso eee 288 -—, Holmes Memorial............. 364 —, ’ Museum Work ............... 307 ——, Nominating’ 22. .<:2 eee 284, 324 —, Postage Reduction ............ 283 —-, Resolutions of Respect........ 299 308, 320, 328, 356 —, Scientific Woork...... oacnieee —, Standing (‘‘Finance,” “Library,” “Museum ” and “Publication.”) 299, 308, 320, 328. 356 —, Reports of, see “ Reports.” ComptE Rendu, Int. Cong. Pre- hist., cited by Starr... 5-c.peey 23 Conant. A. J., Ref. to Work by... 4 CONOSOMA cfassum, Occurrence .. 142 —= RNOL1E = 2 os odenic ee eae 142 —=— MEELOT EU), —. Fire oes a oe 142 CONOTELUS obscurus, — .......... 147 “ Ne ee Oe or ee Pee FOOT INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS. 373 Page * CONOTRACHELUS wenuphar, —.... 168 COPPER in Mounds (Iowa), Jackson Co., 82, 83; Keokuk Co., 86; Louisa. Co., 90, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98; Lynn Co., 99; Lyons Co., 68; Ringgold Co., tog; Scott (6) (Clo ek AE eee een TIO, II, 114, 116 — Relics, List of Scott Co......... 117 —_—,in D.A.N.S. Museum...... 330 — and Iron Ores, Paper on — Purt- LUMI Delve He NOS Oko aa 331 CoQguiIL_LET, D. W., Acknowledge- ments to— MCNEILL......... 179 =, cited by McNeill........... 185, 186 GoORAUS, Wonation Of. ..2..:5..... 349 CORBIN, AUSTIN, Ref. to Contrib. by 314 CorInTH, Ky., Ref. to Mounds near 320 CORNING, Mounds near........... 56 CORPHYRA /weubris, Occurrence .. 165 CORTICARTA, SP. 771C0g.,-— ........ 148 (COOL UBD, De nedeenl cae ee 143 CORYMBITES @rifennis. Occur.... 150 === WA TONS = SEIS CORSE Ce eee 150 SM USUUGUS —— Wed sah e die ce toes 150 Ee LPIBULUES Oe ce Siecle boas 150 — hieroglyhicus, —........+.0+05- 150 SS ALOT 0 ee 150 SE aPEILILECTIS oe ee es ae 151 2 DO ee, COS ee 150 OS PLCMUCHS) cee ie ee eee 150 = WAL TIS Res a ee 150 PML TIM OMIATUS) —— oe ec we 150 SOLA ae ae a nine ae 150 COSSONUS szbareatis, -—.......... 168 COTALPA lanizgera,— ......... Rees Nss CoTTon-WorM, Ref. to Report CUO MEP We mets. ccc ess et 345 CounciL BLuFFs, Mounds near... 108 CRANE, JOHN C., Ref. toSermon by 365 —, Report as Memb. of Glazier Pe DeCitlOMe meeiok ss ws ses 366 CRANTIA, Occurr. in Mounds noted. 64-9, 73-6, 79, 80, 82,85, 89, 91, 94-6, 100, 104, 105, 107, ITO-15, T19, 124 SNe EOPATtS. ON <: oO: 1... 0.0. A722 CRAWFORD Co., Mounds in....... CRAWFORD, J. P., Election as Reg. IMIR ss, SUR 347 CRAWFORD, L. M., Vote of Thanks HO). Sn Gob cid Se SO ene eee 288 CRENIPHILUS subcupreus, Occur... 139 CREOPHILUS wi/losus, —.......... I41 CREPIDODERA felzxines, —....... 162 == WANA = Se eee 162 CRIOCEPHALUS agresizs, —....... 156 CROCODILE, Donation of mounted RIBOOMMEN ©... 2.5! ses eee en 283 CRYMODES dzscicollts, —.......... 164 CRYPTOCEPHALUS ¢-/aculatus,—. 160 Page CRYPTOHYPNUS abbreviatus, Re 3, = (BLCOLO Ri as 5 he Hes ee ee 149 CRYPTOPHAGUS sf. tv1cog., — ..... 146 CRYPTOPHAGIDS®. 6 os oboe ei ae 145 CRYPTOPLEURUM minulim,—.... 139 CRYSTALLIZATION. Ref. to Lessons OTL aa lidverel ey mtr ies ced i betel ey> Siete ieee ananene 291 CUCUJID20V.. ¢ Accs ee 145 CURCULMIONID JB nice aaa ee 166 CuTrts, J.B. wef to Art bys ajen 5 CYCHRUS /econfez, Occurrence .... 131! MULALCOLLISS — (5 Aas ee eee ee 131 CYLLODES biplagiatus. Occurrence 147 CYMINDIS, o72a/75, —=.3..05es oe 135 CHLOFIUGOLIIS: Yas ne ee 135 CYPHON) ODSCUSIIS, — Sa et ee 149 SG AKCADULIS — cds nae nen ee 149 CYRTOPHORUS Werriucosus, — ..... 157 CYTILUS {77u7iiatus. —) 2. a eee 148 DAHLBERG, R. N. and C. L., Ref. tovArt. bY s. 77 SRS ey eras 5 DAHMS, JOHN J., Ref.to Death of . 279 DANIEL, JOSEPH A., Election as ep) Memb ion mare ae eae 339 ‘DAVENPORT Academy of Natural Sciences, see “ Academy” and “ Proceedings.” — Gazette, see ‘ Gazette.” Teachers; Class; Reiito> \-eeee 2Q1 —, Bast, Mounds tears. 0s eee 109 —, —, Ref. to Art.on Mounds near 4 DAVAS WEL. cited (by Stank ese 19 Davis, M. W., Ref. to Art. by .... 6 Davis, W. T., cited by McNeill... 185 Dawson, GEO. M., cited by Mc- Néill ance eee eee 183, I92 DEAN, SETH, Ref..to Art. by 222-2 6 DEARMOND, J. M., Appointment on Museum Com...... 300, 308, 320 DEER CREEK, MINN., Ref to...... 366 DE GEER,{C., cited byjMcNeill... 185, 187 DE GUIGNES, cited on Buddhists in Americas 1g A ese orie 25 DE Haan, W., cited by McNeill.. 185 DELAWARE Co., Mounds in....... 68 DELTOMETOPUS americana, Occur. 149 DENDRIOIDES Obzcolor, ——......... 166 i CONCOLO TN on ae aa eee 166 DENDROCTONUS /erebrais,— ..... 169 DENISON, Mounds near........... 68 DENMARK, Ref. to Greenland Trade Of ah Satie te hada te ote nia 360 DERMESTES, not found at Bay City 127 DER MESTID 2 hs Reo es cca monie 146 * ee, 374 : Page DEsIGNS,‘Symbolical, on Shell Gor- gets/..5%. 173 DESMOCERUS palliatus, Occurrence 157 Des MOINEs River, Ref. to Arts. on Antiquities of e425 ke 5 O,1G DIABRATICA, /2-functata, Occur.. 161 DIACHUS: AU7atus>——..eonck seme 160 LFA GLILS, ne een Sing bake 160 DIAPERIS AYQ12,—! os Sevens 163 DICERCA diviricata, —........... 151 r= DPT OLOURALA, —— 2, = mec Shevek ves ota 151 = IMM CELE —— nN. 2S oiwig aye pre neh eee 151 = PEN COTOSUs oS a as ata DT — tuberculata, —......2. 020. seen 151 DICHELONYCHA adlbicollis, — 155 SSO TTT IE pa eee 155 DICHROMORPHA, Descript.a and Ref. 230 —, Key .... wnat -- " brunnea, Ref. ‘and| Hab.. S282 — viridis, Ref. 231, Hab. ee 2Re Dik, Dav. Acad., Ref. to .... . 326 DINEUTES, assimilis, Occurrence. R135 DINODERUS POT EALUS, = — p45. oe Ste 154 DINOPSIS americanus, Ee lie. Soke (41 DIPLOCHILA /aticollis, — . 133 DIPLOLAXIS sordida, — .......... 155 EWE PISUES Sm oe oe ome hk op Noe hs tare 155 DISONYCHA 5 - vittata, —.......:. 162 —— pennsylvanica, —- - 62-6... cee. 162 DISTRIBUTION of Life, Ref. to The- RTE S Obes si sec ae deta ee 128 Do.optus dateralis, Occurrence... 150 DONACTA: @istincla, — ios ne 160 SET OPEC Ee ee * 160 STL = ee ae diag Ace ee 160 DONALDSON, THOS., Ref. toArt.by 6 DONATIONS to Museum..... 281-2-3-7-9, 299, 301-2-8, 310, 321.2-3-4, 331-3-4-9, 343-4-7-8-9, 350-6-7-8-8A-8B, 363 — Ref. to Conditional ............ 354 DoRCATOMA fallicorne, Occur.... 154 == SCLULOSUIM p— vars = ie olen nins Whos 154 DORSEY, |,-O-,. Riefato-ATt- Dy gros, 126 DorRYPHORA /0-lineata, Occur..... 161 DORYTOMUS brevicollis, —........ 167 EP MLLUEGO LUIS, —— say hee eine, eee 167 Fe GOL), lbs Reh cee oe na Re 167 Moun: Mounds near... 32052 foe 119 DouG.ass, A. E., Gorget owned by 174 —— , Illustration pt. ck 275 DRINKING Cup, Shell, Donation of 319 DROM&LIUS har? ingtonnt, Occur. 149 LROMIUS P2cens) —~. ae Bee 134 DRYOPHTHORUS corticalts, —..... 168 DUBUQUE, Mounds near .......... 69 —, —, Foster cited on,............ 8 — County, Moundsin. .......... 69 Duck CREEK, Mounds near ...... 109 | DYSCHIRIUS @neolus, Occurrence . 131 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Page Dyscuiris globulosus, Occurrence 131 - —— SELOSUS, — 1 tn bolas oer eee 13! DYTISCIDZ 7. 2s4-6 0 ae 136 DyTISCUS verticalis, —.........45 138 EAGLE PoINT, Mounds near...... 69 — Creek, Ref. to: ....).2..2a.saeeee 306 EARTHWORKS, see “ Mounds.” EAST DAVENPORT, see “ Davenport.” EGypt, Reception of Mummy from 358 EGYPTA, Ref. to Operetta of. . .331, 334 EGGs, Donation of Collection of... 350 EICHTHAL, GUSTAVE D'; Defence of De Guignes by’ .--. 2.32 _ 26 ELAPHIDION parallelum, Occur... 156 ELAPHRUS Clairvillet, —........0- 131 = LUSCATLUS, = 42 ws ivvicm 2 oe eee 131 ELATER, G@Picatus, —. . 2. . stews 149 — hepaticus, =o. is ba ee 149 —= ODLEGUUS, 3.2 seb ot tee ee 149 == Pedals, =F onion aon eee 149 == FUDTICUS, on sk ts. cao EGATERID 2. 5.::'.28 5.030 eee 149 ELpon, Mounds near .........%.. 123 ELECTION of Members, see indi- vidual Surname. — of Officers ....276, 286, 295, 307, 319, _ 327, 337:355 ELECTRICITY, Presentation of Pa- per on — PRATT ....->00 nue ELEPHANT Mounp, WIs., Ref to.. 318 — Pipes, Ref. to Arts. on. 2 Ree >, 10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 338 — —, Ref. to Occurrence, etc.. 118, 306, 317, 318 — —, Ref. to Donation of...-..... 349 ELEPHAS americanus, Remains of in Mills: County-<.. 2 2ooseeeee 103 —-—, — in Muscatine County..... 107 Evkport, Mounds near .... ....- 67 ELLESCHUS ézpunctatus, Occur.... 167 ELLYCHNIA COrrUuScd, -—...0-+42+- 153 ELMER, A. W., Appointment on “Ben Hur” Com........2-+=: 320 —, — Mus. Com........... 308, 320, 356 —, Election as Rec. Sec... 319, 327, 338 —, — Reg. Memb... ........i505 ue 300 —, — Trustee. 3 ey oneeme 300 —, — Vice-Pres..:. 2.35 >. sg meee 355 —, Report as Rec. Sec......-- +324, 347 —. World's Pair and 232-2 sseuees 22 Ex Paso, TEx., Donation of Fos- sils from’ .2. .2e%6-5~- sees 350 ELy’s CREEK, Mounds near...... 120 EmMEtt County, Mounds in...... 71 ENDOMYCHID2 79.2 o)- savre etl Ae 145 INDEX TO ENGELMANN and Parry ..... eden hl ENGLISH RtverR, Mounds near... 8&6 EnT. Am., cited by McNeill ...... 186 ENTERTAINMENTS, Ref. to 47, 49, 51, 52 ENTOMOLOGIST, Canadian, cited by VTA CTL Re a a 185 ENTOMOLOGY, Handbuch, — —... 186 —, N. Am. Ed. Lec., ——......... 186 EPIORNIS maximus, Cast of Egg BRAT C etary kr eos Shi s ee ss 350 EPUR#A avara, “Occurrence... ... 147 SERGI SOM ID =n Stank Nua chee hee ed sane 147 = immunda, SME ai es ate 147 STUNG ALEUID) = on ce ce ee 147 ERCHOMUS ventriculus, Occurrence 142 EREMNUS, Descript. 267, Key ..... 268 — deorum, Ref. and Hab.. . 268 > scudderi, Ref.,Descript. and Hab. 269 ERITETTIX, Descript. 217, Ref. and Key . HOS He Ne — abortivus, Ref. andeHabes 2 220 NCEP PALULLICS | en ase he eee dives 219 — mavicilis, — —....-2-- 0 eevee. 220 SN NETS a SR ae? CO) — LFICATINALUS, = — 2 eee eee. 219 — variabilis, — — SEMOTG -— virgatus, Ref. 218, Hab.. 2G EROS aurora, Occurrence......... 152 == (4 PEON HDC CES CC ee 152 SS HMILET OIUS Ws in he eben ok eee i 152 IROMAPUPIIS — New joi cece ce cee: 152 SU BROFACIGUSS ——- ier itick! se sie's als acs 152 IPRENGGHIMITN Dy PEW parses eerie ice od oo swe « 145 ERRATA, Corrections and Additions to Bibliography of Iowa Antiq. 53- —, Synopsis of Proceedings : —,for William Riepe read Wil- hamIgNenWiGkKe si.) 22. ov... 175 —, for E.F. Squires read E.G.Squier 279 —, for E. G. Foote-Sheldon read S. Ov (Ce hoote-oheldont |... 2.0... 5 285 —, for S. D. Sheldon read D. 5S. Shel- STINGS ops AE ye oe 314 —, for J.T. McClean read J. P. Mc- (Cleaner esr eyo ioes ercvalieed 318 —, for J. H.Udden read J. A. Udden, and for $127.93 read $107.93.... 334 ESKIMO, Description of — PUTNAM. 359, 360 Paver ToMlaneuage Of. 2... .. 361 ETHNOL., Zeitschrift fiir, cited... .21, 54 ETHNOLOGY, Bureau of, see “ Re- ports.” EUCINETUS derminalis, Occurrence 148 EUPOGONIUS éomeentosus, —........ 159 EUPSALIS minuta, — .....0....... 168 EUASTHETUS, SP. i7c0g.,......-.-. T41 EUSTROPHUS vepandus, — ........ 164 EVANS, &., cited by Starrs)... 19 [Prog .D. A. N.58., Vol. VI.] 47 PROCEEDINGS. 375 Page EVANS, S. B., Ref to Arts. DY > e/tavcis 6,54 EVENING Star, Washington, cited by Starnes sie ew aac nae 21 EXCELSIOR Creek, Ref, to........ 306 FABRICIUS, J. C., cited by McNeill. 186 FAIRFIELD, Mounds Hear $s 4:2 82 FALAGRIA dissecta, Occurrence ... 140 SSP; TACO Ls = de toate s MIR oe 140 FARLEY, Mounds DEAK: see ere 70 FARNSWORTH, P. J., Ref. to Arts.by 7 FARQUHARSON, R. iz cited on Tab- letsacsenias honor Ree ae 318 det! (0, APs: DY ct ee een ee 7, 330 3) Ito) Death of iral ek oad ae 305 —,— to a8 Memb. of First Pub. Com 326 Fauna, N. Ams IREf tone aaeee 188 FAUNE E ntom., Can., — .... 186, 189 FERNALD, C. H., cited by McNeill. 186, 188 FICKE, C. A., Appointment on Fi- hance Com.) a1 eae 308, 320 =~ Wonation from 2. ay isu 358 =, lection as Trustees...) 331, 338 setter fromighawes- sie see ene 3 —, Mrs. C.A., Elect.as Reg. Memb 357 F IRE, Evidence of in Mounds.... 58, 60, 63-4-5, 68-9, 73-4-5-6, 79, 81-2 3-4, 86-7-8-9, go- 12242 4, 97, 99, 100-I- 2-3-4-5-6.7-8, 111-12, 115, 120-I-2-3-4 —, Uniform Shrink age b » 336 FISCHE r, L. H., cited by McNeill. 186, Fisu, JOHN D. ,Ref, to as Electrician 358 FLINT Implements, seeu Halle (Donations) and “Mounds” (Oc- currence). FLORIDA, Donations from . 333, 339, Be — Reto to Relicsifromies shee sone —, Worked Shells in Mounds of.. 33 FLOYD, Mounds neat si aces FLOYD: Go.) Moundsainusss. seer 2 — Greek iviounds Weal .0 semen 79 FLUTED Seale, Ref to introduc. of. 345 POHNMWinds Ref tole nme sees eee 361 FOOTE-SHELDON, Miss S. G., Ap- pointment on Mus. Com . .299, 308, 320, 356 —, Election as Rec. Sec....... 276, 386 —, Report as Rec. Sec.......-.284, 293 FORNAX orchesides, Occurrence... 149 Fort DopGE, Mounds near....... 12 FORT MADISON,— —..¢. 01. ss beee 87 FossiLs, Donations of ... .280, 293, 349 -—in D.A.N.S.Mus., Ref.to Revis. OE her vat eee eee 303, 315 —, Occur. of at Umanak Fiord.... 36 (March 19, 1897.) eZ wien Kite we 7 Tere ae - ae MER SY Sean ~ . ee 376 Page Foster, J. W., cited by Starr..... 8 FoucAULT’s Experiment,illustrat’d 287 FRANCIS, CHARLES, Elec. as Reg. Memb ¢ tint ae sig aenecrgn eens 358A FRANKLIN Furnace, N.J.,Ores from 332 FRENCH, GEO. H., Donations from 278 —, Ref.toas Memb.of firstPub.Com. 326 —, — as first Mover in Mound Expl. 317 a PH MEAN OR Ss Ysera hve 279, 305 FuLToN, A. C., Donation from.... FULTON, A. R., cited by Starr. .... —, H.C.,Appointment on Pub.Com. 299 —, —, Election as Trustee......... 276 —, —, Removal from City...... 305, 307 —, —, Ref. to Art. by............. 2 —, —, Report as Librarian........ 275 F URNACE, Ref. to Purchase of. “346, 347 FURNACES, Stone, Occurrence.... 59 GALERITA fanus, Occurrence..... 134 GALERUCA cavicollis, —.......... 161 PALO i cole ok ia ho ie Se 161 GALLIARD, ISAAC, cited by Starr.. 8 GARDEN HutTtTon, Donation from. 348 GARMAN, H., cited by McNeill.... 186 GARNAVILLO, Mounds near....... 67 GARRETSON, JOHN, Ref. to Arts. by 3, 8 GASES, Highly Rarified, Lect. on— ANDREWS yor ee eis clo ees epste 358 SASS, 3) -, axel: 10, ATIG.PDY 024 bes ce 8,9 GASTROIDEA Jolygoni, Occurrence 161 GAUROTES cyanip~ennis, —......... 157 — —, Preference for Sumac ...... 127 GAZETTE, Botanical, Ref. to Art. INUDYRE ARR Ssh ete ise ee 47 --, Davenport, List of Arts in by PARRY yo lapse eelastaaen vce. 50 GEISLER, Emit, Election as Reg. DSTA Fete Se Atsis kos OS ihe 57 GEODERCES melanothrix, Occur... 166 GEOLOGIST, Am., cited by Starr...9, 15 GEOLOGY, Announcement of Paper on — BARRIS Neel Ee 310 —, Ref. to Lects. 306, to Paper on . 351 GEORGIA, Gorgets found in....... 173 GEOPINUS incrassatus, Occurrence. 135 GEOTRUPES blackburnii, Occurs ..155 GILBERT, Mounds near........... 109 GLACIER, Descriptionjot.. 2:5... -2 301 GLAass,C. D. ,Reportas Treas.,Abstr: 276 GLAZIER, WILLARD, Communica- tou teomi ...-5 Sy are fae aes 300 —, Rept. on Exped. of—HARRISON 364 GLENWOOD, Mounds near .,..... 6, IOI GLYPTINA, bn ‘unnea, Occurrence... 162 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Page GOMPHOCERUS, Descrip., Ref. and Rey-Acis. sowt hott ae aaa 265 — clavatus, Ref. and Descript., 265; Hab’; (3.2 peta 3 one ee 266 — clepsydra, Ref. and Hab........ 266 GONIOCTENA fad/ida, Occurrence. 161 GONOTROPIS gibbosus, —......... 169 GORDIA? Rek.toxe: 22 es eee 282 GORGET from Mexico, A Shell— OTAR Roussos. Oils Ua eee 173 — “Douglass” 174, from Morelia 178, in Ryerson, Col.Univ. Cha. GORGETS, Aztec origin, 176; De- scription, 173-4; Holmes cited on 173, 176; Northern Occur- rence, 176; Tatoo Marks on.174-5-8 GRANT, Wuir. M., Donation from. 310 GRAPHODERES cinereus, Occur... 138 GRAPHOPS Pubescens, —.......... 161 GRay, Asa, Naming of Peak for.. 40 —, Ref. to Death‘of.2 .... 222 279 GREENLAND, Lect. on Exped. to— PUTNAM G2 yiacc a21cis sn ole Sree 359 —, Climate of) *; 222). sence 61 —, Danish Management of ....... 360 GROOVED RocksinArk—CHAPMAN 29 = Ref: f0i.% Soc tack sas ae 350 GUDEMAN, E., Appointm’t on Mus. COM a. alee sa ches ao Oa 356 —, Election as Reg. Memb........ 344 —, Metric System and........2... 358 —) Minute of Lectby; . 2 ea-eeee 355 GUNNING, W. D., Ref. to Death of. 279 GUTTENBERG, Mounds near ...... 66 Guyot, ARNOLD, Peak named for. 40 Gwynv, O. J., Elect.as Reg.Memb. 274 GYMNUSA brevicollzs, Occurrence . 140 GYRINID Bo. ss sooo ae 138 GYRINUS affinis, Occurrence...... 138 — maculiventris, —. 12... cerevene 138 — MINUTUS, 2 ik. boa ne 138 = VENUT AMS. see inch eee 138 GYROPHENA 25.2 5.'2|.2 tela oe ee 140 HACKBERRY, Mounds near........ 62 HADROBREGMUS fumtilus, Occur.. 154 HAINES, Mrs. M. P., Ref. to Dona- tion from.;...... -.. -9-s.5eneeee 349 HAIR Snake (gordia), Ref. to...... 282 HALIOLITES z7zs, Donation of..... 349 HALIPLID2E "332.3. tb oe 136 HALIPLUS rujficollis, Occurrence.. 136 HALL, W. P., Donations from.. 324, 331, 334, 347, 358A, 358B, 363 —, Minute of Address by......... 284 —, Ref. to Donations from.,... 336, 38 INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS. 377 ; Page HAttL, W. P., Ref. to Work of..... 317 328, 353 HALLOMENUS ee Occur. 164 HALTICA bimarginata, —......... 162 ss: HE ONS Se Ae a a 162 HAMILTON Co., Mounds in........ 80 — Group, Fossils from............ 349 HAMILTON, JOHN, Acknowledge- ments to—WICKHAM......128, 12 Hammatrt, E. S., Appointment on [Doni 2) igh 0) oe ae en er 328 » —,—on various Coms..... 331, 338, 364 —, Election as Reg. Memb........ 308 yeas President... 2.0... ..5. 337, 335 eG MINIUISLCCHA iy. . s s5-ck eee 47 — Mounds, Ref. to Arts on ....8, 15, 20 — —, Ref. to worked Shells in..... 357 —, Prehistoric, Ref. to Art.in..... 4 —, Tuttle’s Hist. of, cited by Starr. 13 — City, Mounds near............- 84 — —, Ref.to Art.on Mounds near.. 21 IPHTHIMUS ofacus, Occurrence.... 162 IPS fasciatus; = 5i2).22 oh ane 147 IRISH; DELTA S; Ref toc eeeeee 312 IRON (and Copper) Ores, Paper On "PUTNAM. .): sy.icr-ere storia eee 331 ISHPEMING, MICH., Ores from .... 332 ISOMIRA sevicea, Occurrence,..... 163 Irasca: Lake, Ref. toy: 2.5 sees 365 JACKSON Co., Mounds in.......... 81 7 . " . : | uy , een ae INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS. Page JAPPE, THOS., Membership Discon- MIE ale oe 5 ch sicits. vw vel natd on 283 JEFFERSON Co., Moundsin....... 84 JOHNSON Co., Hist. of cited....... 6, 21 POUMOS IM ce eee 84 —,—, Ref. to Art.on............. 6 JOLLEYVILLE, Mounds near....... 86 JORDAN, Cora M., Art. by cited... 10 JOURNAL Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., IG CER yes oes < viecc d'e's Sie cranes 187 — Bost. Soc: Nat. Hist. —........ 187 —, Chicago Evening, — .......... 3 —, —, List of Arts. in by PARRY .. 50 SALOME, |StGeClLeG. ...!. io. cence e's 346 = WIRGIN OAVILL Gyo chasejc.e.cls eu 6 ee cigs es 10 — Sci. and Arts, Am.,—.......... pp Ate Jupy, A. M., Appointment on Libra- ih (CO ee ee 299, 320 -——, — Mus. Interests Com......... 307 — cited on Acad. and Schools..... 286 —, Election as Trustee... .296, 319, 355 -—, Recommendation by ....:..... —, Report as Memb. of Com. . 334, sate SE NECSOIUMONS Wee. ss sc. ee ees - 307 KANSAS Mounds, Minute of Lect, Ol S Aas 4b eee ee Reon eee 356 KARAJAK Glacier, Description of . 361 Kayak, Eskimo, Donation of . . 360, 363 KEMPER Hall Acad. Class, Ref. to. 291 KEOKUK Co., Mounds in ......... 86 KEOSAUQUA, Mounds near......,. 120 KETTERMAN, W.H., cited by Starr Io9 KEWEENAW POINT, Micu., Ores OMIM. 2 Sess cet a ee eee 332 IGE LOMAI GHWT oi. so se wes = 202 — — Acridide, Am. Sub-Families. 180 S= == AWW Ne 246 —— Amblyiropidia ..........5.-- 22 —= — AMPAUOYNUS «2... oe eee 2a) SSG TG er 250 == = CN OTHE a aCe 22 Se IGE FOMOTDRG «3.62... 06 ee 230 == VEC ULES Oe 268 == == JEL =o ae pee 218 Se TOMB MOCEEUS ©... ses + 265 SMI VAPGOSLELBUS.. cos cece veces 254 SS WOT eee 204 = = ORLA See Oe 234 — — Plectrophorus..... 2... 00005 252 — — Pseudopomala .........000-s 208 =e es TEN OUOES ee er 273 — = Slemobothrus.....cccceee ces 260 eR MERU UCIT Eo. pie Sneed ees 270 == et SA en tenn ER ELITE oo - w a's oles 181, 195 379 Page KEYS, Academy, Ref. to....... 280, 300 KILBOURNE, Mounds near........ 120 KILMAN, Ref to List of C oleopt. by 129 KIMBERLING, L.G., Ref. to Art. by 10 IK LAPROTH, ¢ ‘ited by Berthoud , 26 KNOWLTON, DANIEL S. , Report as Memb. of Glazier Exped ia 366 KNOXVILLE Journal, cited by Starr 10 —— (Ta) Moundsimear... cs eeens 100 KNUHTSEN, Gov., Courtesy of..... 360 KOSMOS, cited by Starr........... 18 KUHNEN NICHOLAS, Ref. to Be- CLOSE DY? Sta Tags oho Ria cies 317 —, — Wheedienans of Respect. .308, ae Loe state, Settlenient with so. ths: 322 LABORATORY,Acad.,Recommended 353 LACCOBIUS agilis, Occurrence .... 138 LACCOPHILUS maculosus, — ...... 136 LACHNOSTERNA grandis, — ...... 155 — ht¢ LACUNA ee ease ee 155 L#MOPHLUS fasciatus, —....... 145 LAKE -ALICES web £0. +. seen 366 — Cairo ai er eee 80 <='Glazier: == ene ie omer 365, 366 = ltasea, == iota. cee 6 395 , Nicoletts’ Ist, 2d and 3d, Ref. to 366 _ = Pokewamen: Refstoce. 1 Shela 365 — Superior, Coleopt. ae Southern Shore, o6 2008 [ibe ose ee 125 — — Region, Iron and Copper Ores Of ta's SHA SERS ne ee ree 331 — —, Ref. to Agassiz’s Work on .. 125 LAMBORN, R. H., Extract of Let- ter frome sche: 56 bee ee nace 313 LAMP YRID 45:02 oa er ee eee 152 LAMPROHIZA zzaccensa, Occur.... 153 LARDNER, JAMES F., Election as Regn Viembe rennet eee 347 LORICERA c@ridescens, Occurrence 131 GATHRTDDLD 4 3 ee eer eee 148 LATHRIDIUS, s/., Occurrence ..... 148 LATHROBIUM collare, — .......... 142 = DUNCLUIATUM — ees a a oe le 142 == SIMPLER. —— sis ae ie eee 142 = VEN Ue re cir oa ake te 142 LEBIA atriventris, — ..... 6... ee. 134 —SCOTAICOLLES, ——— ak, Niele Ae ee 134 = [UREA Pi hy bd ee 134 == SUSCOLAS 0 Re ee 134 1 DUPNELE, Sapa acre Re eee ae 134 = UBTRAIS Soe ha aetoe i 134 LE CONTE, JOHN L., cited by Wick- HAN? 2a toes a ucate igen eee 12 LECTURE, Greenland Expedition— PUTNAM pay oseys Se Sheek ces aka 359 380 Page LECTURE, Abstr. of, Meteorology— WAZ See Vee cle as olale eehae eee ae 289 —, —, Whence came the North American Indian ?—STARR. 339 —, Reference to, Archzolog. Re- search — STARR). 25.) teaeh See 339 —, —, Chemistry, Old Theories in — GUDEMAN. : 26355 —, —, Coal Plants — ‘PRATT ...... 284 —,—, Gases, some Properties of highly rarified — ANDREWS... 358 = eas TaAVvItation — RATE eyes © 284 —, —, Kansas Mounds — UDDEN . 356 —, —, Mound-Builders, Antiq. of — | ETE Gd Ree ein ean Pedra 288 —, —, Pottery, Markings of -HaLi 284 —, —, Rotation of Earth, Proof of— PEAT Ree ee ay ae ee 287 —, —, Weather Bureau, Work of— AUTON: De IS eh re ner 357 —,—, Weather Proverbs —WALZ. 290 Gee Co.) Monnds in).e dsc. 5os.c02. 86 LEMON, J. G., and C. C. Parry..... 43 LEND A Hand, Acad. Class, Ref. to 291 LEPIDODENDRA, Fossil, Donat. of. 349 LEPTOSTYLUS aculiferus, Occur... 159 AOR UGA BATE PRON OER RAO oe 159 LEPTURA americana, — .........- 158 — CANAAENSIS, — oo ee ee eee eee s 158 — CHrYSOCOMA, — -. 2. vee ee eee 158 NT LA pee a NET RRO 158 IN WLAVLLIS pa Sajaia) oars ote reed ats 159 SELLE A I aes AON AE a A Oo 158 SE a Ae POD oct 158 By EL ne GE REP 158 Sy TIT het ACORN ee ea a 158 PO IPULIG Sn, o Bhie sine Malthe ces 158 DEOL Gs" eet etek Ashes Saeco 158 SLT LIAO FO OE RO 159 IA =r SESE AIOE 158 = APUTECOLLES 2 islns oe Be Vhs state tee 159 = SUN LULNER, —.. a\3.5. endo sees 158 SEAS CLILILUL ANE ss wih mora atten oe 158 i SWUAKLENLALL;, ies cit onie wk elt 158 — subhamata,-— 1... 0.20. eee eee 158 RUS AIS 8 anon a nate phils e ai aeielote 158 SHEE —— thle uithan Oo eaeels ME es 159° ee ICL LLL =O, Braye yo dee olen Valorem thn eae 158 LEPYRUS geminatus, Occurrence.. 166 Lessons, Acad. Pub. Sch., Ref. to. 290 LESTEVA fallifes, Occurrence .... 143 Lewis, L. H., Ref. to Arts. by. 10, 29, 55 LIBRARY, Academy, Ref. to Classi- HICATION (Oleie es cieen raee ee 344 —,—, see also “ Catalogue” and “ Reports.” — Association, Dav., Ref. to ...... 312 LiFe Zones, Arbitrary Nature of.. 128 LIGUROTETTIX, Description ...... 257 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Page LIGUROTETTIX coguilletti, — ..... 358 Litium Parvryz, Ref. to Discov. of.. 44 LIMONIUS, @ger, Occurrence...... 150 -- plebejus, ee oral es SP 150 Lina; 4a@pPonzca, =o. ects wee ee 161 LINDLEY, CLARENCE, Mound Ex- plorations cited V.-..:..-/ceee II Linw Co;, Mounds in 5a. hoses LINNE, C. VON, cited by McNeill A 107 LINTNER, J.A., — —.....2..00088 187 LIODES dasa/zs, Occurrence....... 140 — blanchardig- <2 2s eee 140 List of Coleoptera — WICKHAM .. 125 — — CopperRelics in D.A.N.S.Mus. 117 — — Members, Ref. to Revis. of... 364 — — Orthopt. of Ill., cited by Mc- Neill. 35 So See ee 187 — — Papers published by Parry.. 46 Lists Consulted by Wickham. . 125, 128 LISTRONOTUS ca//osus, Occurrence 167 = CAUARTUS, St noe or 167 = la tiusculus, =. 20D ts cee 167 LISTROPHUS cimgiulatus,—........ 141 LITARGUS didesmus, — ........... 146 -— betvraSpilorus: 2 oe sss a oe 146 LITHOCHARIS comfluens, —........ 142 LIXUS:CAUQL ET, = Nae ne eee 167 Locust, The Rocky Mountain, Ref. to Riley’s: Report oni eaces 345 LONGITARSUS fu7vbatus, Occurrence 162 Louisa Co., Mounds int sss. .25 eee 88 LOVETT, EDWARD, Ref.to Bequest from... 2 2.2 1 ee ee 282 LUCANID Ain522..2 eee eee 155 LUCIDOTA atra, Occurrence ...... 153 LUDEWIG,. WoH:, Refsto.2eeeeee 358 LYCOPERDINA /ferruginea, Occur. . 145 Lyncu, E. P., Appointment on Com. 284 — , Election as Treasurer s.. sae 286 —, — — Trustee: -... cae eee 276 -- ; Ref, to Art: by’ 2. i eee 23 —, — — Removal from City tae 307 —, Report as Treasurer per C.E.H. 295 Lyon Co.,-Mounds in} s..neeee LYONS, Mounds near............- 68 MACROBASIS wzzzcolor, Occurrence, 166 MACROPS' SP. 3 ¢ sv cates ee ee 167 MADRIPORA comvexa, Donation of Specimens | ..5-4c) ane 349 MAGDALIS znconspicua, Occur..... 167 — DAUNGUT A; ese 167 MAGNETISM, Terrestrial, Ref. to Observations on — PUTNAM... 362 \ MALACHIDADs 02>. Use tee 154 le a i Re INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS. 381 Page Page MALLERY, GARRICK, Art. by on MECOSTEHUS, Descript. 253, Key.. 254 Pictosraphe cited .:.. 2... 20 11 | — gracilis, Ref. and Hab,.... 2G MALTHODES /u/iginosus, Occur... 153 | — Limeatius, — — ..... 0. cccn neces 254 MANSFIELD, J. M., cited by Starr.. 19 | — platyplerus, — —........ cee es 255 MARION Co., Mounds in.......... 100 | MEDICAL Soc., Scott Co, Meetings MAROLIA /wlminans, Occurrence . 164 atgACA ds DIAS jn ccte a et: ae ere 285 MASON. On ds.cited by Starr.’.....; 12 | MEDICINE Knolls, Descript. of ... 170 Mast, C. A., Donation from ...... 357 | MEEK, S. E., cited by McNeill.... 208 —, Election as Reg. Memb........ 346 | MEGAPENTHES vogersz2, Occur. 127, 149 MAstTopon and Mound Builders, —— SLU LOSUES p= OS Soin the. 4 aisle alee 149 MveGlean cited’ on ......5..... STO cih VLBA NR AD AY oe te ae est er ae 164 —, see also “ Elephant Pipes.” MELANOPHILA @neo/a, Occurrence 152 McCLEAN, J. P., Ref. to Work by.11, 318 | — drummondi, — .........6 22 ee 152 MCCLELLAND, GEORGE P., Ap- == SON LID ES, hae ovalh ahd tease ete a 151 pointment as Bearer.......... 286 | MELANOTUS castantfes, —........ 150 OMARION TOM a... 2.66.5. 5.5. B63, yy = LOREAL ES a MEO Ne te Baia eee 150 Slechomaswkrustee..........: . 286, | —serobzcollzs, — 31.5.0... bee 150 296, 319, 355 | MELOID®....- 166 —, Report as Memb. of Com.. 276, 309 | MEMBERSHIP,“ Associate” ‘proposed 280 MCCLLELLAND, THOS. W., Re- —, Ref:.to Revis. GL ish gee sae 364 port as Memb. of Com........ 308 | —, see also “ Reports” of Rec. Sec. McCLELLAND,W.,Electionas Reg. Mem. Acad. St. Peter V, cited by MISH GaAs he Sh oe 343 McNeil st tensa een See 187 McCowWEN, JENNIE, Addresses by: —. Soc. Zodlogique de France, — — 187 President’s 296, Silver Anni- MEMORIAL Endowment Fund— LUSH AY ce Bs Gani ar 311 PUENA Maeuces nr nie eee yh ee 351 —, Appointment as eerie to A. — Meeting — PRATT.......... 323, 326 A. ........ 291 | MEPHITIS mephitica, (white), Do- =; 10 Library fers. oe 328 NatOnvol Skim. Olek, ox meee eee 35 = — bub: Com. ...... 320, 328, 356 | MERIUM profeum, Occurrence .... 156 —, — — Various Committees . .283, 288 | MERmMiIRIA, Descript. 203, Ref. and —, Election as President....... 276, 286 Key aot watedos een same 204 =,— — Rec. Sec............. 296, 307 | — alacris, Ref. and Hab.......... 207 == = SSCS oa aa eee 32 — brvittata, Ref. 205, Hab......... 206 —, Ref. to Election as Pres......... 312 | — maculipennis, Ref. and Hab.... 206 —, Report as Memb. of Com...... 32 — neomexicana, Ref. 206, Hab..... 207 —, see also “Reports” of Library == FOStE ATA, ESCM Mtsia sis sett ela 207 and Publication Coms. = evr ane het andeblabsee ee see 206 <=, == ARI NGG SCS a 275 | METEORITE Fragments, Presenta- —, Visit to Cliff Dwellings of Ari- tio Oise ee ee eee 293 zona noted. 292 | METEOROLOGY, Abstr. of Lecture McCrum, Miss A. J. S., Appoint: : on— WALZ... 280 ment on Library Com..... 299, 309 | METRIC System, Ref. to U.S. Adop- —, Election as Librarian.......... 2096 tionr Ghee ee eos oe ee 358 McDona.p, W. A., cited by Starr. Ig | MEXICAN Bound. Surv., Dr. Parry McGEE, W. J., Art. by on Metrol- MONG aera Ee Nana em ee. S677 | OR? CLIC S58 eee ena 12 | — Rose, Ref. to Discovery of ..... 44 eer TOM nNGexby.:..... 310, 321, 325 | MExico, Art of, suggested by Fig- ae VOte Ofelnanles tO... ..2.....--. 322 ures on Shell Gorgets” ... 2-2 176 MCNEILL, JEROME, Article by — —, Shell Gorgets found in...... 173, 176 “ Revision of the Truxaline of MILLER, M.S., Remarks by noted 343 NoninPATMehIGA Messe. ee eae 176/,|> MIBLS (Co: (Mounds Inotecn sa e.see 100 —, Appointment on Mus. Com. ... 299 | MINERALOGIST (Young) and An- OMAHOUS TTOM: ............... 347 tiquarian, cited by Starr ...... 221 —, Election as Corresp. Memb. 347 | Missourt, Shell Gorgets foundin. 173 —, List of. Orthopt of Ill. by cited. 187 | Moincona, Mounds near........- 62 —, Presentation of Paper by....... 346 | MOLINE Acad. Class, Ref. to. 291 —, Ref. to Donation from...... 350, 351 | MOLYBDATE of Lead, Cr ystals do- Ea tOREaAper DY 2.62%. sslee eaten 351 Matec! oes corns eres sae etre ere 350 382 Page MONOHAMMUS confusor, Occur.... 159 PRAT OF COLOR, sal ries arose alee ote 159 —= SCULELLALUS, —— Sigs ve opt ese en ae 159 Bt EY TULA I a eo EAT Sa 159 MONONYCHUS vulpeculus, —...... 168 MONOTOMA Jicifes, — ........... 148 MonrtTROSE, Mounds near......... 87 MORDELLA Jdoreadis, Occurrence.. 165 NEU LELLEP ISA hen or cle a tee 165 MGR ENN Aa hot, vir euleanctet aia 165 MORDELLISTENA JOtflageata, Oc- STC g gS clog ee OE ONPRENSn & OS 165 ET ICOMEAL Ee Bini eC nates ale Ble ete 165 TER PALS) Aas oid ooes so pint ale plates tie 165 AIOE he se coe ee en ee 165 IL COLO TS alee Cae tinct eee ome 165 MOREHEAD, J., Ref. toExcurs. with 36 More iA, MEx., Shell Gorget from 176 MorGav, B., cited by Starr...... 19, 55 Moore, CLARENCE B., Donations FUP ee ON SS AALS as eee os 339, 357 —, Election as Honorary Memb... 338 set, tozonation froma... . 2... 349 Morse, ALBERT Pitts, cited by WVECINTE TINO tas ey eetts tre aide 188 Morse, R. S., Acknowledgements FO; Settee nia Bo oe eet 179 MorsgE, S. P., cited by McNeill ... 188 MouLTON, M. W., cited by Starr.. 12 Mounb Builders, Antiquity of, Facts IMGicahin persone eee Hee 318, 330 —, —, Minute of Lect. on. ...2..... 288 —, Ref. to Arts. on...4, 7, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, Ig, 20, 23 —, — — School Study of ...... 392, 315 a fepe— ti WWOTMOL Sern eee ven ieretete eee 353 — and their Works, Minute of Les- SHUS OMA antes eee oe ae 2 —, their Works and Relics, Ref. to DOOKONE: Murr. ve ae e ee ee 306 — Relics in D. A. N.S. Museum... 330 Mounps, Albany, Ill., Ref. to..... 317 SATS: ODM.GILEO.. soe. tees oie «clon I-24 —, Burial, Ref. to Art. on......... 173 —, Copper in, see “ Copper.” oe POLIT De EPH EVEL: DOLAy ae stave ea 320 —, Directions for exploring.”...... 341 —, Elephant of Wis., Ref to....... 318 —, Etowah, Ga., ——......... Lond 75 —, Fire in, See “ Fire.’ —, Florida, Worked Shells in..... 357 7 GrOLe ets inl, SOULMELM).. 2 corti 173 —, Kansas, Minute of Lect. on.... 356 —, Occurrence in Iowa; see Name of County or Town. —, Pipes in, See “ Carvings.” —, Shells in, See “ Shells.” —, Stone, and Serpent of Hughes 05'S, D., ATMO: s22.8se50 ee. 170 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Mount Hope, N. J., Ores from.... 331 MrT.* PLEASANT, Mounds near..... 80 Mummy, Egyptian, Donation of... 358 MUNSELL, A., Report as Memb. of Glazier Exped psieaiet oe eee 3 MURDOCK, SAM’L, Ref. to Arts. by 12 MuRPHY, j. H., Ref, to Death of... 324 MUSCATINE Co., Hist. of cited..... Oe —, Mounds in’. 23.5.5. 5s aw eee 103 Museum, Boulak, ‘Mummy from.. 358 —, D.A.N-S. ,Purchase of Cases for 278 —,-, Rearrangement OF. i: gee 344 _, U. S. National," Acknowledge- — MENT. tO.s: Jt coe nel ae 179 —, —, Error in Accrediting to..... 346 — Extension suggested........... 354 MUuSQUAKIES, Ref. to Art. on...... 4 MYAS cyanescens, Occurrence..... 132 MYCETINA perpulchra, —......-: 145 MYCETOCHARA bicolor, —......+- 163 — binotata, — 2... asvcew een tne 163 My CETOPHAGID2...): 2.2 a eee 146 MYCETOPHAGUS /lexuosus, —..... 146 MYCETOPORUS flavicollis, — ..... 142 = SDLENAIAUS, — Said So ie ee 142 Myers, Justus M.L.,cited by Starr 12 MySTAXIS stmulator, Occurrence.. 164 NADAILLAC, MARQUIS DE, Ref. to Arts: DY 32. 'osa. ge eee 13, 55 NADLER, cee Appointment on Finance Com:.....).. 3a 328 — — Mus. Com...:. 3.5.2 300, 308, 320 | —, — Nominating Com-\... ae 293 —, Election as Treasurer .296, 307, 319, 327, 338, 355 —, Report as Memb. of Com...... 293 —, -- as Treasurer. ...316, 327, 3380 age NAGEL, Seales Appointment on Mus. Gam 27 alee 300, 308, 320 NAPIA, Description =~ :-7 2) 6s 212 — PACTS, = ia eee 213 NATURALIST Am., cited by Starr... 12, 2F eae —, List of Arts in, by Parry.sc.. sen 49 — and Geologist, Canadian, cited.. 185 NATURE, cited by:Starr. Svea 56 NEBRIA fadlifes, Occurrence ..... 131 NECROPHORUS marginatus, —.... 139 = OF D1COMS rains: peas ae 139 — LOMENTOSUS, —— io wn we ae 139 — vespilloides, — 9 NEGus, CHARLES, Ref. to Arts. by. 13 NEOCLYTUS erythrocephalus, Oc- INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS. 383 ¢ Page Page New ALBIN, Earthworks near.... 56 | OrcuTT, C. R., Tribute to C. C. New JERSEY, Ref. to List of Cole- PALLY cso Sa Ge kde ete ae ee (0 /ANW SHE) 10) ae Rae ae ee ee 128, 129. | ORPHAN’S Home, Acad. Class, Ref. NEWMAN, CARL, cited by Berthoud 26 TOS she eran Potato afar Pare une arate eae 2 NEWBOLD, EDWARD, Bequest by... 317 | ORPHULA, Description ........... 23: ic ae A200; (+=, net--Hab. and Key.nt. iw). eee 2 \ NEwcomps, C. N., Election as Reg. — decora, Descript. 239, Hab...... 2 ‘ DMWESTIMI GIG sas cigiahess sare sa terete 350.1) -— olzvacea, Ref. and Hab: ,i..7..5 2 pe NeEwcome, Mrs. PATIENCE V.,Ref. — orizate. Descript. 243, Hab..... 2 Fe ftowWonation of Lot by ....<... BUD RCE — vam 2 we claceiaty nie Settee 2 5 = — to Purchase of Land from .. 283 | — —, Ref. 237, Hab............... 2 a NIAGARA Group, Donation of Fos- — punctata, Ref. and Hab........ 2 MGR oo. ca. ese. 340 |= Seuddert, — — a 244 b NICAGUS odscurus, Occurrence.... 155 | — sfectosa, Description........... 2 | NICHOL, ADELLA R., Election as =. Retand Habis, a. ceceve ee 2. x MC CeMIVIGMMD Ie 02 ss isles ose © 339 | — tepanica (?), Descript. 242, Ref. NICOLLET Creek and Lakes, Ref. to 366 andSHabs..2 sis serie 2 Nisshey,))--k.,.cited by Starr..... [3° "sp .aemcertaut, Ret So snes ee 2 4 ISITE O)0 NTS DY ee 147.| ORSODACHNA aéva, Occurrence... 160 f NOMARETUS Oz/oduws, Occurrence.. 131 | ORTHOPERUS scutellaris, —....... 143 | PINOMULUSIDYQHZCUS, ee ce ss 131 | ORTHOPHILUS glabratus, —....... 146 | NortTH McGREGOrR, Mounds near. 66 | ORTHOPTERA /uropea, cited by E NOTIOPHILUS @weus, Occurrence.. 131 McNett seit aise sana ey oe 18 ‘ SAG AI hy Rs oO oe 131 | —of New England, ——......... 188 i INOBONUS 1QH6MO7G, — 3 0...- 2.600. 165) == Nowe Amie == hie acikeiroee 188 Nov. Act, Upsal IX, cited by Mc- —, Ref. to Coquillett’s Collection... 179 DNGIUN Sapte Ron oOo Eee 188 | —, — to Brunner’s Revision ...... 179 NYCTOBATES fennsylvanicus, Oc - OSBORN, HERBERT, cited by Mc- CMICEINCE Ss ok OSU 162 IN GLI le shan Wey Sak Se eee eee 188 —, List of Coleopt. by consulted... 129 # OSBORN, ROBERT P., Election as Reet son o(ciehes MRE Ss Ses hes Be 358B ‘ OTIORHYNGB DYE ys eee eaotee cle eee Oe : OBEREA ¢ripunctata, — .......... 160-| Orrumwa, Mounds near.......... 122 " OBSIDIAN, Occur. in Mounds ..113, 123 | OVERLAND Monthly,Ref. to Arts. in , OCTHEBIUS holmbergi, — ......... 138!) OWEN, DD Ds, ands): Gs Parnyo ee 3 ODONTATA mervosa, —............ 162 | OXYPODA sf. zmcog., Occurrence .. 140 a (Ge! IDISAiUD] NUOVO" Saale ae ae 164 | OXYTELUS Juscipennis, —...-2 2... 143 4 CEDIONYCHIS “imbalis, —......... 162 | — dagueatus (O. fuscipennts),—.... 143 sg CEDIPODIN@, and Truxaline ..... 180:7| == GOSS se ne eee nae 14 9 OFv. Vet. Akad. Forh., cited by : 2) SLI OVIN eRESS Se 188 ke Ome Oonations trom. .........- 348 : —, Ref. to Earthworks in ......... 319 ‘ OLD Chickasaw, Mounds near .... 63 i OLIBRUS fallifes, Occurrence .... 143 | PACHYBRACHYS Sf. aff. atomarius, E OLISTHOPUS. farvmatus, — ........ 134 OecurrenCe nae seen 4 OMOPHRON awlericantuii, —- ...... T30)| =) LED ALICUS oy acne i aah ates eee 4 SN DAU TY oe Ee 130 | «PACH DANO ZcOlan wae eee b. COMMON IIE ae) 147 | PACKARD, A. S., Acknowledge- 4 ONTHOPHAGUS hecate, —........-. 155 ments to— WICKHAM........ a OPEtA, Descript. 214, Ref. ........ 155.| —, cited by McNeilly (2.758 190, 19 ; — obscura, Ref., Descript.and Hab. 212 | PACKARD, A.S. JR., — —...... 192, OPHIGLOSSUM zudicau/e, Rediscov. PADERUS @ztforarius, Occutrence. Ol.) gt eee 44 | PALISOT DE BEAvuvo!IS, A.M. F. J.. ORGHESIA casfanea, — ........... 164 CitedibysiieNenl snes 186, ORCHESTES canus, —..........-+- 167 | PAPER, Announced, ‘The Local SS a ar 167 Geology of Davenport.” —Bar- = HYDE: = Oe 167 RES Hei chal ates sca enon ee 3 [Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. VI.] 48 {March 28, 1897.) Pare ST eee SP ee ee eee * a 9 - ‘ Py 334 Page PAPERS, Presented: Berthoud, 281, 321; Helmick,33r; McNeill, 346; Parry, 280, 283 ; Pratt, 280, 281; Preston, 322; Putnam, 331; Wickham? 6% rs ccna 344, 346 —, Published: “ Ancient Grooved Rocks in Arkansas.”’—W. A. CHAPMAND S290. 08 Bewsem actus 29 “Bibliography of lowa Antiqui- ties.” — FREDERICK STARR é Biographical Sketch of Dr. C. C. Parry.” — C. H. PRESTON, “Buddhism in America.” — Ep- WARD L. BERTHOUD ......... “Charles Valentine Riley, A.M., Ph. D.”—H. F. W1cKHAM, M.S: “Circular of Suggestion Regard- ing Work in Archeology.” FREDERICK STARR, Ph. D.... “The Greenland Expedition of 1896, under charge of Prof. A. E. Burton.” —G. R. PUTNAM... “A list of Coleoptera from the Southern Shore of Lake Supe- rior.’ —H. F. WicKHAM, M.S. “List of Papers published by the late Dr. C. C. Parry.” — Mrs. MOE AORN cat's Matern, vast ees “Notes on Specimens of Ores Presented by B. R. Putnam to the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences.”—B. R. Put- NAM “Reporton the W ork of the Acad- _ emy in Connection with the Public Schools."—W.H. Pratt 299 “Report of the Results of the Glazier Expedition of 1891, to determine the True Source of the Mississippi River.” —C. E. 340 359 344 EIARRESON fe sae Sere hence ee 364 “Revision of the Truxaline of North America.”—JEROME Mc- PRESTR hae is thts eas hue oto 179 “A Shell Gorget from Mexico.”— FREDERICK STARR, Ph. D.... 173 “Stone Mound and Serpent, of Hughes County, South Dak.” — JNO. Mie EER MICK) iF. ese: 170 “Summary of the Archeology of lowa.” — FREDERICK STARR, Pe D ene Rie sel Geel Bie ese), Ba 53 —, Reference to, 326, 350, 351, 354, 356 PARADISE Creek, Mounds ‘near. 68 PARATENETUS /uscus, Occurrence. 163 PARKER, J. MONROE, Ref. to Be- CNeSt SOM wa oe sche 317, 329 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Page PARKER, J. MONROE, Resolutions of ReSpetet.5) sak t seers see 308, 309, | PARKER, Mrs. J. MONROE, Ref. to Bequest from.2 . 224 Ajaseee 317, 3290 | —, Resolutions of Respect........ 310 PARK RAPips, Ref; toc <. :.. ose: serene —, — to Work of: .....2.5).25028 6 —, Vote of Thanks to PARRY, JOSEPH, Reference to..... PARVIN, T, 5S., Extract of Letter from. .....+v.<¢2. 313 PATROBUS /ongicornis, Occurrence 132 PEARLS, Occurrence in Mounds ee 69, 95, 96 PEARY Expedition of 1896, Lect.on 359 Peck, Mrs. W. F., Electionas Reg. Member 222) ..4 ee PEDETICUM, Description®; ./.2-ee — obscurum, Ref. and Hab........ PEDIACHUS /fuscus, Occurrence.... PEDILOPHORUS subcanus, -- by. Oe BG c5 o - 13, 14, 15, 55 PELTIS \eron uginea, Occurrence ... 148 PENDLETON, E. H., Ref. to Death of 324 PENTHE od/iguata, Occurrence.... 164 Preosta Lake, Mounds near PERRY, WM. STEVENS, Election as Reg. Member.< .0)2- >see Perty, M.DE, cited by McNeill, 187, 8, PERU, Mounds near 69 we INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS. 385 Page Page PETRIE, W. M. F., Ref. to Work of 353 | PLATYNUS aéra/us, —..........-.. 133 PHALOCERID ©. Ir LONUO Phe v olk a\d15, hee ean oe ee PHELPS, J. B., Ap pointment on Fi- CUDTUDCIIS Tm voc. «sins nat hele nance Com. ase . 308, 356 GLEE US pi sce shtdrs se: salvia) oy Peano ae 133 -, Election as T rustee........ 238, 286 GLAD ALUS isi) mous Hi we ee 134 — Investment advised by +.anse% 280 LEI HEILS Se cee he So wee ren os eee 134 —, ’ Report as Member of Com..... 276 IBLGLLESCENS, 3. sis ova ht se be PHENOLIA gvossa, Occurrence.... 147 RAN ALY hie aE ROE Ree 133 PHILHYDRUS /amz/ionz, —-........ 139 | — obsoletus, — .. 0... cece beens eee 134 — J INALS ee 30 | Wie DECZCOMIIZS y — hin cd hoa ss oc 134 PHILOMATHIAN SOC., aoe at WDLCUDENILIS, 9), isle lente Hodes 134 Academy Building.. é . 385 LACUS i=) 5 (a. aged 15 FIT ag 134 PHILONOTHUS @7euws, Occurrence . LAW) SOD THO UUS 5. —— o.oo eo, oye ois ove asa 133 22 MTC Se Oe I41 DUMGULIOVINTS ; —— oi eiciaias Late oestehe 134 PR OMMLDERTEUS oe ee wees 141 | — guadripunctatus, —............ 134 SOE SS SU ee 141 StL ALLIES wie ence oye ee 134 SOAS SS er I4I TUL COV PUES Me ohn wa aphidor > hte RIE 134 PHLGOSINUS dentatus, ——-.......:% LOG |i SSZPE OLAS) a hc he ee 133 LobiBostRoOMA,Oescript. 247, Ref. 248. | —zenmccollis,—.-... 0.005. een ee 133 — guadrimaculata, Ref. 248, Hab.. 249 | PLATYSTETHUS americanus, —.... 142 PHLOTINUS ardens, Occurrence... 153 | PLEASANT Valley, Carved Figure PHOTURIS Pennsylvanicus, — ..... 153 TOU CIN Te: ces, Swadesh ts hee te 109 PHYLLOBROTICA decorata,—..... 161 | PLECTROPHORUS, Descript.251,Key 252 PHYLLODECTA vulgatissima, — .. 161 | — gregarius, Ref. and Hab........ 253 PPYSOCNEMUM Orevilineum,—.... 156 | — vtatorius, — —................ 253 PHYTONOMUS punctatus, ——....... 166 | PLEGADERUS sayz, Occurrence.... 153 UA ORUEMINUS YZE7US, — si ss 168 | PxLuM Creek, Copper Cup Discov. on 109 = RAUL OS ae oa ee 1652 |e RRIGODES,. Dele iii tion eset 266 PICKERING, CHARLES, Ref. to .... 37 | — megocephala, Descript and Hab. 267 PICTOGRAPHS, Occurrence: PODABRUS @adema, Occurrence .. 153 == CIN OCEAN 2 ee a 20°. | =" FIOM EST S sy rate teas ere 153 eee nese lla tevin cceo!s alae sjens > «0 © OO.) =" LOL ROLES J —— ars St ees oe 153 == S00 Cop Pee er 116. |. =\PUMEtALUS r=) ote he ea 153 PIDGEON, WM., Ref. to Art. by ... 15 | PG:CILONOTA cyanzfes,—........ 151 PIGMENT trom Florida Mound..... 349 | POGONOCHERUS mzxtus, — ....... 159 —in Scott Co. Mounds. ...11!0, f11, 114 Pitspry, H. A., Ref. to Work of, 299, 305 PINACODERA “2méata, Occurrence. 135 PINE Creek, Mounds near......... 103 Prees, Mound Builders’, Occurrence QO-1-2-4-5-6-7-8-9, 1O01-8-10-I1-12-13- 14-15-18 —, Ref. to Arts on.. .2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10-3-4-5— ie Hoe 24, 555 338 PISSODES adubzus, Occurrence ..... 167 == Wi) = "5 568 6 Me 167 PITYOPHTHORUS materiarius, ——.. 168 ETSI OL ee 148 == WALANG, Soe a era 169 PITTSBURG (la.), Mounds near..... 120 PLAGIONOTUS sfecéosus,Occurrence 156 PLATEROS canaliculatius, —....... 153 IPHATYCERUS depressus,-— ........ 155 = OME SS OEE ee aT 155 PLATYCNEMISM, Referenceto.... 7 PLATYDEMA, americanum, Occur.. 163 — CHCAVALUM, ——. 0... e ee eee eee es 163 EeAEVNTUS (2922S; —...- 2+ one nes 133 —— anchomenoides, —.... 1... +... +5 133 POKEGAMEA Lake, Reference to.. 365 PoLK Co., Centennial Hist.of cited 55 POPULAR Science Monthly, cited Dy Otane sty. Mies ea cue eben 8 aS PoTTAWATTAMIE Co., Mounds in.. 108 PoTTERY, Ancient Art. on by W. EL. -Flolmesreited, <2 i. aes 10 --, —, from Des Moines River, Art. on by R. N. andC. L. Dahlberg CILE CE Cs Berta as Set ei 5 -, Ref. to Address on the Mark- ings FLA Touraryerrcts aha 284 PRAIRIE DU CHIEN, Mounds opp.. 65 PRASOCURIS, varifes, Occurrence. 161 Pratt, Miss Lucy, Election as Corresponding Secretary. 276, 286 a W.H., Address by presented 291 —, Appointment on Museum Com. 299 308, 320 —, — various Committees........).. 280 283, 284, 288 ——. 1 ection asiGuratorie oaae ae ee 276 = Extract ob Joetter trom. sn. 314 =, Farewell Meeting. ...2......-. 292 =") * ead 386 Page Pratt, W.-H., Foucault’s Experi- ment Illustrated by........ 25% 287 —, Lectures by,‘noted.......... 284, 288 —. Memorial Meeting... ...2.250. 23 —, Presentation of Papers by. .280, 281 ENOL POLL: Olt oh ieee teas 323 — Ref. to Arts by..2 2.2. P5310; 23,055 —, — to Death of ......5.. 305, 324, 328 —, — — Donation from........... 278 — — — Letter from.............. 300 —, — — Memorial Meeting....... 326 —, — — Presentation of Paper.... 311 —, — — Removal from City ..... 207 —, Report by on Acad. and School WOR O neers aor ners cee nee 288 —, Work of cited ......... 296, 305, 326 PREHISTORIC Peoples — Nadaillac, "CGS 0 Nghe pea Al 8 9, 2 a ties RSA F 13 PRESTON, C. H., Art. by, “Bio- graphical Sketch of Dr. C. C. | Ec my ed eae aM AE Ge 35 —, Appointment on Library Com.. oh ——-— —— Pab: Gommittee™. 2s. 7! 308, 320, 388, 36 ae Se ANVOLK \GOlD he eet o —, Election as Trustee. . . .276, 307, 338 —, — — Vice-President....:...... 337 —, Presentation of Paper by...... 322 —, Reference to Papers by, 23, 326, 351 —, Report as Memb. of Com...... 23, 334, 3575 3588, 363 ; see also “Reports” of Pub..Com -= J RESOLUMORS DYcsis es ee Sects 3584 PRESTON, W. C., Ref. to Death of. 305 —, Resolutions of ReSPeCtes ey toms 203 PRICE, ELIPHALET, Ref. to Art.by 16 PROCEEDINGS, A.A.A.S., cited by SEATIO€ cities rain as orale ane 4, 17, 19, 23 =— —) List of Arts.in by C.C. Parry, 46 — Am. Ent. Soc. cited by McNeill. 189 — Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., cited by NUNS EES See Oe ee eB reba ate 189 — Cong. Internat. des American- istes, cited) bysotarh. tc.26 732 —SHLLNCOR sas ek ae ee ee 141 |.—, Toolsboro, — —.......2.....6. 98 STEPHENSON, JNO. E., Ref. to Art —, Webster, — —.......i.esceeee 80 DY Se as sles oe Ree oe 20 TABOR, IRA, Elect. as Reg. Memb. 346 -, — Ref. to Donation from ...... 348 | TACHYCELLUS migrinus, Occur.... 136 STERNBERG, Donation from ...... 280 | TACHYPORUS chrysomelius, — .... 142 STIGMARIA, Fossil, Donation of: 32-340 "| —Yocosus;.—. nc. «hacen cae 142 STILBUS aficollis, Occurrence .... 143 | TACHYPTERUS guadrigibbus, ——... 167 STILICUS dentatus, —..... 0.05.0. 142.) TAMA*Go., ‘Mounds)in->.) 4 ee Ila STILLWATER Creek, Flint Imple- —, Ref. to Art.on Mounds in..... e MELE TIES MELO oo.9- Sis ek the re caas! dese 348 | Tatoo Markings, Ref. to. .174, 175, 178 STIRAPLEURA, Descript. «>. ...:.. 269 | TAYLor Co,, Mounds in...) .enees 119 Ref. and Key . ...... 270 | TECHNOLOGY, Mass. Inst. of, Ref — decussata, Ref.and Hab........ 271 LO) ASG Srayelate sare nai c hee 359 — delicatula, — — occ 0 icv ceeees 272) | —. Quarterly, nus ah eee 362 Ee OU MOLLE (enim sige IS EREs aE Les 272 | TEETH, Ref. to Acad. Lessons on.. 290 Se OD IUL Ia a mas 8 at eee a tha oad a 271 | TELEPHORUS curtisszz, Occurrence 153 CALL ya yeh eh Rosy rca vedio als 272) — flAulpes, =o ake sae oe 153 STONE “Axes,” etc., Donations of, =f FAXIN1, = s. Oc e 153 see: SHali W.-P:: = LNCOl Ay ns, FR ee 153 ==, Occurrence in. Mounds .. : 62, 68,69; || + rectus; —, oJ. woe ee ee 153 71, 76,81; 98, 90,407, 108, 10; Y12,\ |. — retundzcollis,:—",... a eee 153 114, 119, 121, 123 | TELESCOPE, Ref. to Purchase of.. 312 STRATTON, F. E., Appointment on ‘TENEBRIONID2Z...<..2.. 202 eee 162 Nominating Com............. 293 | TENEBRIOIDES co//arzs, Occur.... 148 SUMAC, Lepturini and 32.5 .).0.))..2.. 127. |- TENEBRIO-/0/100r, —— << 1250. eee 163 SUMMARY of the Archeology of —— bencbrto1rdes, —— vi oe 163 LOWA.- STARR «fam, ciectohlie ss 53, 35! | TETROPIUM cemnamopterum, —... 156 SURVEY, Geol. of Canada, Ref. to,. 125 | TEXAS, Fossils, etc., from......... 349 —, U.S. Coast and Geodetic, — ... 362 | THANAsIMUS ¢réfasciatus, Occur... 154 ee (EO) NED a aes as 106'| —zndatulus, — i LS eee 154 ,and Mex. Boundary, —........ 46 | THANKS, Extension of... .307, 328, 334, SVASTIKA, Us ues Of Mites aner. iy20-2 SWINEY, Mrs. T.O., Acknowledge- TIPODUS 8 LOM2 5, se yok area. aichey sate ene 311 SYCOTIPUS Perversus, in Mound... 104 SYLVANUS b¢dentatus, Occurrence. 145 Pe RUMILIT LIEN, Nn inet Re eet erat 145 SYMPHORA /flavicollis, — ......... 164 SYMBOL of Day, Aztec, Ref. to.... 176 SYNCHROA punctata, Occurrence.. 164 SYNETA JervUgined, = jc. .k.n ee de 160 SYNOPSIS of Proceedings ......... 275 — Ort. Esp., cited by McNeill . 193 SYRBULA, Descript. sla een iten on sore, te2O —, Ref. and Key. or RD ON — acuticor nts, Ref. and Hab...... 223 Sa OMLERUIML AS SF —— 0s Cen eater 222 Syst. Ent., cited by McNeill...... 193 — Nat. Orthopt. 1, -—— .......... 193 PAB EOL Beetles Wisc: sare nN 129 _ 358, 363, 364 THEBES, “ Father,” Donation from 348 THOMAS, CyRus, cited by McNeill 188 IgI, 193 — Ref, 10, ATts:\by..) eee 20, 55, 338 THOMPSON, Miss ISABELLA, Ad- dress presented Dys.ap ene 304 THOMPSON, JAMES, Address by, In- aupural «..<).).7...20. eee 304 —, —, President’s Annual.......... 304 —, Appointment as Member of Pub. \Gomix220s0 25