aa +. * = Dil ’ on" 1 a in iene oe 1) Ay ay Aiea ae ps Tila! Pur ates, ~e) PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 1899. COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION: THOMAS MEEHAN, -CHARLES E. SMITH, Epwarp J. Nouan, M.D., HENRY SKINNER, M.D., Henry A. PItsBry. Epitor: EDWARD J. NOLAN, M.D. PHILADELPHIA : THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, LOGAN SQUARE, 1900, THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, February 14, 1900. I hereby certify that printed copies of the ProcrEpines for 1899 have been presented to the meetings of the Academy and mailed us follows :— Pages 1to 80 mailed April “e 81 to 112 118 to 176 177 to 216 217 to 256 257 to 320 821 to 336 337 to 302 353 to 368 369 to 384 385 to 400 401 to 482 433 to 464 465 to 496 496 to 544 17, 1899, presented April 18, 1899. April 26, 1899, ee May a oh bo May 26, 1899, a May 30, 1899. June 2, 1899, ey June 6, 1899. July 7, 1899, ee July 11, 1899. July 26, 1899, < August 1, 1899. August 22, 1899, a August 22, 1899. August 29, 1899, es August 29, 1899. September 8, 1899, September 29, 1899, October 5, 1899, October 20, 1899, November 9, 1899, January 11, 1900, February 12, 1900, September 12, 1899. October 3, 1899. October 10, 1899. October 24, 1899. November 14, 1899. January 16, 1900. February 13, 1900. EDWARD J. NOLAN, Recording Secretary. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS. With reference to the several articles contributed by each. For Verbal Communications, Announcements, etc., see General Index. Axpport, JAMES Francis, The Marine Fishes of Peru, . 324 Notes on Chilean Fishes, with Descriptions of a New Speeies of Sebastodes, (32 | 2: 2. we 6408 Busu, KATHARINE JEANNETTE. Descriptions of New Spe- cies of Turbonilla of the Western Atlantic Fauna, with Notes on those previously known (Plate Ariba ts 8 ; CsA AS CALVERT, Puiuip P., Pu. D. Werseteeus Bracenieilteatd by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith in Northeastern wivtce (Pinte My, OS ; . 228 Parallelisms in Structure iigveae Certain jae of Odonata from the Old and the New World, v2 CocKERELL, T. D. A. Some Notes on Coccide, . . 259 Exrot, C. Notes on Tectibranchs and Naked steaks from Samoa (Plate XIX),. . . 512 Fow.er, Henry W. A List of Fishes Collated’ at Port Antonio, Jamaica, We Pea | LS Notes on a Small Collection of Chines PiaBed wae ele Description of Ameiurus lacustris Okeechobeensis, . . 480 Observations on Fishes from the Caroline Islands Geiser “Vil and XVITE) Ss SS. 482 Fox, Wiii1AmM J. Synopsis of the United shite Beeaie of the Hymenopterous Genus Centris Fabr., with Description of a New Species from Trinidad, Contributions to a Knowledge of the Hymenoptera of Brazil, No. 6—A Collection from Rio Grande Aoibulbandisar ramets, ook peenih | 196 Contributions to a Knowledge of the Hymenoptera of Brazil, No. 7—Eumenidz (Genera Zethus, Labus, Zethoides, Eumenes, Montezumia and Nortonia), HARSHBERGER, JOHN W., Po.D. Thermotropic Move- ment of the Leaves of Rhododendron maximum L.., JOHNSON, CHARLES W. New and Interesting Species in the Isaac Lea Collection of Eocene Mollusca (Plates I, IT), Meenay, THomas. Contributions to ah, Life- eee Ff Plants, No. XIII: 1. Sex in Flowers —Corylus rostrata; 2. Clethra alnifolia in Relation to its Morphology ; 3. Sanicula—A Biological Study; 4. Rosa rugosa in Connection with the Evolution of Form; 5. Viola in Relation to Pollinization and Fecundation; 6. Isnardia palustris—Additicnal Note on its Stipular Glands; 7. Parthenogenesis; 8. Lactuca scariola in Relation to Variation and the Vertical Position of its Leaves; 9. The Stigma of Asclepias; 10. Phyllotaxis in Connection with Che- nopodiaceze and Polygonacee; 11. The Influence of Fungi on the Forms and Characters of Plants; 12. The Movements of Plants; 13. Eccentricity of the Annual Wood Circles in Rhus toxicodendron L. ; 14. Morphology of the Grape, MILLER, GERRIT S., JR. Descriptions of Two Now Can Foxes, I (2 i MeL eae The. Vols. Gcllectad — Us iy 1g Ata an Coste Asia (Plates XII, XIII), bees Descriptions of Six New Atneriag Rabbits, . Moors, J. Percy. A Snow-inhabiting Enchytreid (Mesen- chytrzeus solifugus Emery) Collected by Mr. Henry G. Bryant on the Malaspina Glacier, Alaska (Plate VIT), Leurognathus ROA a Wey eee a ‘Bpcaes of Salamander of the Family Desmognathidze (Plate po hee eye ee ee OBERHOLSER, Harry C. Some Untenable Names i in Omi- thology, 84 276 281 380 125 316 201 Prurssry, Henry A. Newand Little-known Species of Pris- tiloma (Plate IX), ade A New Australian Eulima (Plate XI, 5 Notes on a Few Northwest American Land Snails, . Descriptions of New Species of Mexican Land and Fresh-water Mollusks, : New Species and Varieties of Miotiunks from Masa, Fla., : A New Species of is : Additions to the Japanese Land Snail Pacis (Plate XX), ere Be ae ; Pirspry, Henry A., and T. D. A. Codeweenn ke munella, a New Genus of Helices, Agee Pirspry, Henry A., and Epwarp G. Vanarra. Morpho- logical and Systematic Notes on South American Land Snails: Achatinide (Plates XV, XVI),. Stone, Wirmer. A Study of the Type Specimens of Birds in the Collection of the Academy of Natural Sci- ences of Philadelphia, with a Brief History of the Collection, . A Small Collection of Repeies ad aineitads flow Eastern Mongolia, A New Species of Coccyzus from St. nachos, ; : On a Collection of Birds from the Vicinity of Bogota, with a Review of the South American Species of Speotyto and Troglodytes, The Summer Moulting Plumage of Cortsin Wicks, : Vanatta, Epwarp G. A New American Land Shell, West American Eulimide (Plate XI), A New American Species of Zonitcides, Vaux, GeorGe, and Wiitii1aM §., Jr. Some Dp cbans on the Illecellewaet and Asulkan Glaciers of British Columbia (Plates III, IV, V, VI), Additional Observations on Glaciers in British ear tibia (Plate XX), iil 366 oO PROCEEDINGS ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES PHILADELPHIA. i899. JANUARY 3. Mr. CHarves Morris in the Chair. Twenty-two persons present. The Council reported that the following Standing Committees had been appointed to serve during the ensuing year: On Lisrary.—Arthur Erwin Brown, Thomas A. Robinson, Henry C. Chapman, M.D., Dr. C. Newlin Peirce, and Charles Schaeffer, M.D. Own Pusiications.—Thomas Meehan, Charles E. Smith, Henry Skinner, M.D., Henry A. Pilsbry, and Edward J. Nolan, M.D. On Instruction anp Lectures. —Uselma C. Smith, Benjamin Smith Lyman, Samuel G. Dixon, M.D., Philip P. Calvert, Ph. D., and Charles Morris. SranpinG ComMITTEE orp Councin on By-Laws.—Isaac J. Wistar, Theodore D. Rand, Arthur Erwin Brown, and Benjamin Sharp, M.D. The death of Theodore Caruel, a correspondent, was reported. 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899 JANUARY 10 Mr. ArTHUR ERwIN Brown in the Chair. Pe Thirty-two persons present. A paper entitled ‘‘ New and Interesting Species in the Isaac Lea Collection of Eocene Mollusea,’’ by Charles W. Johnson, was presented for publication. The deaths of Francis M. Brooke and Mrs. Bloomfield H. Moore, members, were announced. The Calaveras Skull.—Mr. Witi1AM H. Datu called attention to the fact that the authenticity of the celebrated Calaveras skull, about which so much controversy had arisen in 1866, has recently again been called in question. It seemed to him, as the small number of persons who were cognizant of the facts when they occurred is already greatly reduced, that it would be desirable to put on record his own testimony as an eyewitness to. some of them, which in his opinion are incompatible with the theory that a hoax had been perpetrated, or a skull from some recent burial place subject to the lime deposit from springs, fraudulently foisted upon Prof. J. D. Whitney and his associates in the State Geological Survey.’ Mr. Dall described briefly the nature of the formations which make up the table mountains of the region alluded to, consisting of beds of basaltic lava more or Jess alternated with gravel, which fill the prehistoric stream beds in which gold was sought by means of tunnels from the side, or shafts from above, and which are now practically abandoned since the returns do not pay for the labor. He was in California at the time of the discovery and in June, 1866, examined the skull, then in the office of the State Geolo- gist, in the presence of Prof. Whitney, William M. Gabb, W. 1 The main facts as thoroughly investigated at the time are given by Prof. Whitney in his work on the auriferous gravels of California, Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Vol. vi, Part 1, pp. 267-273, 1879. The evidence has generally been regarded among scientific men as convincing and sufficient, the skull being shown by analy- sis to be in a fossilized condition, and to have been taken, according to his own statement, by a mine owner of respectability, from a bed of gravel 132 feet below the surface of the uppermost lava bed of Bald Hill, one of the ‘table mountaius” of Calaveras County, Cal., and to have been so covered with cemented gravel that it was not recognized as a skull until the party to whom the original finder bad given it in his presence, removed some of the covering, and that it passed without fee or reward into the hangs of the State Geologist, who with his colleagues immediately investigated all the circumstances. 1899. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 3 Ashburner, Dr. James Blake and others, of whom the speaker is the only present survivor. The skull was then in the condition in which it was first ob- tained, except that a portion of the gravel which had originally covered the whole of it had been removed by Messrs. Mattison and Scribner (the finder and first receiver) from the anterior dome and right side of the cranium. The rest of it was still filled or covered by a hard mass of small gravel stones cemented together by iron oxide and calcareous cement. so that a too] was necessary to separate or remove the pebbles and other particles of which the conglomerate was made up. ‘These pebbles were obviously water- worn, and mixed with them were particles of other human bones,’ a perforated shell ornament or bead of small size and the fossilized remains of a thin and fragile snail shell, recognizable as the still existing Helix (Epiphragmophora) mormonum. It was the speaker’s opinion that by no artificial agency could such a conglomerate have been assembled about a recent skull, and the sight of it was sufficient proof of the fact to any reasonable person. Unfortunately, however, no photographs were taken of the specimen in this condition, or at Jeast none are recorded; and when it was placed in the hands of the celebrated anatomist, Dr. Jettries Wyman, the encrusting material was removed in order that the characters of the skull should be determined. The specimen is now in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and it is probable that part of the matrix is also preserved there. At al] events the recollection of the speaker was clear that the mass of the hard incrusting conglomerate was composed of smal] pebbles, with some ferruginous matter, entirely unlike the calcareous deposits from ealciferous water in caves. The mass of the material was not limy, but gravel; in al] essentials resembling the material taken from the gravel beds under the lava, of which specimens were at hand for comparison. Subsequent examination showed that the skull had been violently fractured and that portions of bones of the extremities and sternum had been crowded into its inter- stices with the gravel. It was found among a lot of wood also included in the gravel, as if the prehistoric stream in flood had washed away part of an ancient graveyard and crushed the bones and timber into a miscellaneous heap of débris, left behind, as the waters fell. If, as has been intimated, the skull had been taken from some cave where the present Indians interred their dead, and where remains had been gradually covered with a stalagmitic crust, how is the peculiar agglomeration to be explained ? In the speaker’s opinion, the attempts on the part of unscientific — = = ? Part of which from their size must have belonged to another individual. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. persons of the vicinity to discredit the authenticity of the skull after it had attracted general attention were due to that spirit, unfortunately too common among ignorant persons, which leads them to disparage that in which they have no share. As the per- sons chiefly concerned made no attempt to utilize the discovery as a source of profit, and the coming of the specimen into scientific hands was due to circumstances which could not have been foreseen, the speaker believed that so far, no sufficient reason had been adduced for doubting the genuine character of the skull and its original situs below the Java; though the question of the coéxistence of man and the extinct mammals whose remains have been found in the same gravels is entirely distinct and may reasonably be left open. JANUARY 17. J. Cueston Morris, M.D., in the Chair Twenty-three persons present. JANUARY 24, The President, Samuet G. Drxon, M.D., in the Chair. Eighteen persons present. A paper entitled ‘‘ Contributions to the Life History of Plants, No. XIII,”’ by Thomas Meehan, was presented for publication. A paper entitled ‘‘ The North American Species of Argia (Order Odonata),’’ by Philip P. Calvert, presented for publication August 17, 1897, was withdrawn by the author. JANUARY 31. Mr. CHarues Morris in the Chair. Fifteen persons present. A paper entitled «* A List of Fishes collected at Port Antonio, Jamaica,’’? by Henry W. Fowler, was presented for publication. Rev. A. B. Kendig was elected a member. The following were ordered to be printed: 1899.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 0 A STUDY OF THE TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS IN THE COLLECTION OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, WITH A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE COLLECTION. BY WITMER STONE. The ornithological collection of the Academy of Natural Sci- ences of Philadelphia has long been known as one of the largest and most important in the world. It was reported by Dr. P. L. Sclater in 1857 to be ‘‘ superior to that of any museum in Europe and therefore the most perfect in existence.’’* Early ornithological activity in America naturally centred around this collection, and we find the names of all our earlier ornithologists connected with the Academy specimens, while the majority of their publications appeared in the Proceedings of the society. Having been engaged for some years in cataloguing the collection and in identifying the type specimens which it contains, I wish to present in the present contribution the results of my investigations in order to record exactly what types are preserved, and the prob- able history of others which were supposed to be in this collection. The collection of birds was begun soon after the foundation of the Academy in 1812, and by the year 1837 contained about 1,000 specimens ; these were contributed by various members, among whom Dr. Harlan, Dr. Trudeau and J. K. Townsend are best known to ornithologists, though Dr. Thomas McEwen seems to have been most active in the care of the collection. During the succeeding ten years the additions amounted to about 550 specimens, received from John Cassin, §. F. Baird, A. L. Heermann, S. W. Woodhouse, Dr. Watson and R. C. Taylor. In 1846 Dr. Thomas B. Wilson, afterwards President of the Academy, became interested in the collection, and took steps to enlarge it at his own expense. He entered into arrangements with a European dealer to furnish him with specimens of such species 1 Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1857, p. 1, ‘‘ Notes on the Birds in the Museum of the Acad. of Nat. Sci. Phila.’’? An interesting account of the collection. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. as the Academy lacked in lots of one hundred at so much per specimen, but upon asking the advice of Dr, J. E. Gray, of the British Museum, as to the terms asked, he was strongly advised to abandon this plan and to purchase an entire collection, several of which were then on the market, that of Victor Massena, Due de Rivoli, Prince d’Esling, being especially recommended. Accordingly Dr. Gray was authorized to proceed to Paris and ' secure the collection, which he promptly did, much to the chagrin of De Blainville and other French naturalists, who had fully expected that the French government would purchase the collec- tion.” The Rivoli collection, numbering about 12,500 specimens, arrived in Philadelphia in September, 1846, and was deposited by Dr. Wilson with the Academy : the old collection being merged with it.® Dr. Wilson followed this purchase with that of the Bourcier collection of Parrots and Tanagers, while his brother, Mr. Edward Wilson, of London,* who was also interested in building up the collection, purchased many small collections from J. and E. Ver- reaux and other dealers, including a number of specimens from the museum of 'femiinck. In the following year two more collections were purchased for Dr. Wilson in London: the Gould collection of Australian birds and the Boys Indian Collection. The former formed the basis of Gould’s magnificent work on the birds of Australia, and contained nearly all of his types of Australian birds. It was always Gould’s desire that this collection should become the property of the British Museum, and he offered it to the trustees for the moderate sum of £1000. His offer was, however, refused, and his disappointment was so great that ina moment of chagrin he disposed of it to Dr. Wilson.’ The Boys collection consisted of a full series of the species col- lected by Capt. Boys, of the British army, during several years’ 2 See Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1869, Vol. iii, p. 317. ’ See Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1846, pp. 75, 128, 131, 343. * Mr. Wilson was the immediate agent of his brother in the purchase of the Rivoli and other foreign collections. ® See Sharpe’s Index to the Works of John Gould, p. xviii. 1899. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 7 residence in India. The duplicates of his collection were dispersed at auction, and Dr. Wilson obtained the only full set.° Neither of these collections reached the Academy for a year or two afterward, the Gould collection being placed in Verreaux’s hands for mounting and the Boys collection being loaned to Mr. Gould for use in preparing his Birds of Asia. While Dr. Wilson was bringing together his enormous collec- tion, many smaller additions were being made to the Academy’s series. Between the years 1846 and 1860 the collections of Gambel, Cassin, Edw. Harris, Kern, Krider, Dr. Kane, T. C. Henry, Dr. Heermann, Dr. Woodhouse and McCall were received, and mate- rialiy increased the ¢ollection of North American birds. On March 20, 1860, Dr. Wilson formally presented his entire collection, then estimated at 26,000 specimens, to the Academy. The next ten years show comparatively little increase in the collection, the most important additions being the African birds received from the DuChaillu expeditions which were sent out partly under the auspices of members of the Academy,’ and the D’ Oca collection from Mexico. Quite a number of specimens were received at this time by gift and exchange from the Smithsonian Institution. With the death of Dr. Wilson in 1865, and of John Cassin in 1869, active orni- thological work at the Academy ceased, and with the exception of a few scattered specimens, no addition of importance was made to the collection until 1887. The accéssions since that date, as shown in the appended list, have been extensive and number to date about 17,500 specimens. In the absence of any catalogue of the individual specimens, Cassin’s estimate of the collection in 1860 can only be regarded as approximate, and seems to have been too great. He states that there were about 29,000 specimens in the collection at thut time, while up to 1887, 2,590 more were received, but our catalogue of the specimens in the museum in 1887 shows only 25,945. While no doubt a number of specimens were lost or exchanged, it seems hardly possible that as many as five thousand were dis- 6 See Jardine’s Contributions to Ornithology, 1848, p. 23. 1 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1855, p. 410: — 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1899. posed of or destroyed, especially in view of the fact that nearly every type specimen or other of especial note is still in our pos- session. ® The following is a summary of the several collections contained in the Academy’s museum: Academy collection in 1860, Rivoli collection, first purchase, Rivoli collection, second purchase, Gould collection (Australia), Bourcier collection, Boys collection (India), : Collections obtained by Edward Wilson. . Dr. Thomas B. Wilson’s original collec- tion, . 1860-64 Du Chaillu collections (Africa) 1864 D’ Oca collection (Mexico), . Miscellaneous, 1860-1887, 1880 Frazer collection (Pennsylvania), 1887 Butcher collection (North America), Total received to 1887, . 5,000 12,500 2,500 2,000 1,000 1,000 4,500 2,500 29,000 428 1,522 300 300 531,550 Actual number of specimens in museum, 1887, 1888 W. L. Abbott (N. A. and W. Indies), 1890 F. C. Baker (Florida), 1890 Mexican Expedition,. 1891 S. N. Rhoads (Florida, Texas, eae 1891 West Greenland Expedition, 1892 Peary Relief and North Greenland Be haditions, 1893 G. W. Carpenter (miscellaneous), 1895 S. N. Rhoads Si sci and British oe lumbia), . : 1894 R. B. Herron (California), 25,945 2,659 70 220 875 165 122 237 1,065 205 8 In Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1860, p. 86, the Wilson collection is stated as consisting of 26,000 mounted specimens and 2,000 skins. I feel convinced, however, that this is an error and that the estimate of 26,000 as given in detail by Cassin on the next page includes the ‘‘2,000 skins.’ The Academy collection at that date numbered about 3,000 specimens. 1899. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 9 1894 Van Deker (Honduras), . . m2 te 45 1895 Mrs. M. J. Chase (mainly Trackeilides), ay te 120 1895 T. H. Montgomery (Pennsylvania),. . 77 1895 S. N. Rhoads (Pennsylvania and New serex: 680 1895 S. N. Rhoads (Tennessee),. . - . .. . 58 1896 Benjamin Sharp (Alaska),. . tale 105 1896 Dr. A. Donaldson Smith (Somaliland, East Asie yt tf is Gee nog Peat gee 158 1896-97 R. T. Young (North We erin. Sees Shee yi 110 1898 G. and J. E. Farnum and Dr. A. D. Smith Riemer) a Ph ig rs Sree eats be al ine 5 1887-97 Miscellaneeus,. . We ee ear ere 658 1898 Turnbull Collection ( N. AY agi Babli 800 1899 Josiah Hoopes’ collection (N. A.), . . . . 7,250 41,660 1897 On deposit Stone collection (Pennsylvania and CM IEEROY ode, (Si eyes sles oss 1,800 Votal specumens, 1898, 5..)@0-2 (8) fy...) 48,460 As the collection was left by Dr. Wilson and John Cassin it was nearly all mounted and on exhibition in museum cases in accord- ance with the ideas prevalent at that time. Since then, however, it has been clearly demonstrated that mounted specimens have but a limited existence, and sooner or later succumb to the ravages of light and dust, and for years the bulk of all the large collections has been preserved as skins in air-tight, light-proof cases. In accordance with this idea, the rearrangement of the Academy’s collection was begun in 1891, and all the types and other valuable specimens as well as many duplicates have been unmounted, and placed in tight cabinets, leaving an ample exhibi- tion series of about 10,000 specimens. Nearly all the recent addi- tions have been skins and have been added to the study series. In the list of type specimens contained in the Academy collection which follows, the species are arranged according io authors. In order to make the paper more complete, however, mention is made of every author who described new species of birds in the Acad- emy’s publications, whether their types are in the collection or not, and the present location of the types, so far as known, is indicated. 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. These authors are Bonaparte, Townsend, Leib, Gambel, Tru- deau, Cassin, Dudley, Hoy, Jones, McCall, Heermann, Sclater, March, Suckley, Woodhouse, Couch, Kennerly, Xantus-De Vesey, Henry, Baird, Elliot, Lawrence, Coues, Cooper, Ridgway, Hoopes, Herrick, Ogden, Gentry, Rhoads and Stone. Along with the above have been grouped the following Amer- ican writers: Wilson, Audubon, Say, Nuttall, Cabot, Bryant and Krider, some of whose types are in the collection, but who pub- lished elsewhere than in the Academy’s journals. The sequence is nearly chronological. Cassin, being an equal contributor to the ornithology of the Old and New World, is placed at the end of this list, and following him are considered Peale’s types and those of the various foreign authors contained in the collections purchased by Dr. Wilson, i. e., Jardine, Strickland, Massena, Verreaux, Lafresnaye, Sir A. Smith, Gould, Lesson, Vieillot, Eyton, Heine, Prevost and Knip. In nearly every case I have selected one specimen as the type in cases where the describer did not make a selection, giving prefer- ence to the male over the female if both are described. This prac- tice seems preferable to considering all the specimens of the original lot to be ‘* cotypes,’’ especially as it is often impossible to ascer- tain how many of the specimens were in the describer’s possession at the time the diagnosis was prepared. However, in order to be as accurate as possible, I have, in every case, included mention of all the specimens which might be con- sidered as ‘* cotypes’’ or ‘‘ paratypes,’’ whether in the Academy’s collection or not, so that those who do not agree in the above practice will find all the evidence before them. Care in selecting a definite type and referring to it in the original publication cannot be too highly commended, as the confusion and difficulties that are presented by the carelessness of the older writers in this respect are only too apparent after having completed a study such as this. The species are entered under the names by which they are gen- erally known at the present time, the nomenclature following the American Ornithologists’ Union Check List in the case of North American birds, and the British Museum Catalogue, in the main, in the case of foreign birds. It is probable that some names here regarded as synonyms in 1899. | NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. at accordance with current usage will eventually prove tenable, but to decide all such cases in a publication of this kind is manifestly impossible, After the current name is given the name which the type repre- sents and the reference to the original description, followed by the catalogue number and data of the type specimen and ‘‘ paratypes.”’ Where specimens are stated to be in the British Museum, U. S. National Museum or other institution, the information is quoted respectively from the Catalogue of Birds, Baird, Cassin and Law- rence, birds of North America, or the various descriptions of the authors themselves. ° ALEXANDER WILSON. It is probable that all of Wilson’s types that were preserved were deposited in Peale’s Museum. The collections there contained were dispersed at auction upon the breaking up of the museum and such Wilson specimens as may have been there are probably Two of the types were, however, obtained in exchange by the Academy before the Peale collection was scattered. These are as follows: Buteo latissimus ( Wilson.) Falco latissimus Wils. Am. Orn., vi., 1812, p. 92, pl. 54, fig. 1. 1,551. ‘‘ Original specimen figured by Wilson.”’ Ictinia mississippiensis (Wilson). Falco mississippiensis Wils. Am. Orn., iii, 1811, p. 80, pl. 25, fig. 1. 2,032. ‘‘ Original specimen figured by Wilson.’’ THoMAS Say. Say’s types collected on Major Long’s expedition to the Rocky mountains were apparently all deposited in Peale’s Museum, and many of them are figured in Bonaparte’s American Ornithology and definitely referred to by the Museum numbers. As in the case of most of Wilson’s types, they have been entirely lost sight of. There is no evidence that any of them came into possession of the Academy.” * Some data were also kindly furnished by Dr. C. W. Richmond, of the U.S. National Museum. 10 Early references to the ‘‘Philadelphia Museum’’ refer to Peale’s Museum, which bore this name after its reorganization, and not to the Academy, as is often supposed. 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. CHARLES L. BONAPARTE. Bonaparte’s types, described in his American Ornithology, were either deposited in Peale’s Museum or in his own collection. None of them appear to have been in the Academy collection, nor is there any trace of the types of several species described in the Journal of the Academy, 1824-1827. Several of his types of foreign birds were, however, received in later years from Verreaux or Massena. A list of them follows: Nothocercus julius (Bp.). Tinamus julius Bp. Compt. Rend., xxxvii (1853), p. 633. 12,914. © Colomb‘a. From Verreaux. Type. Platycercus amathusie (Bp.). Platycercus amathusie Bp. Compt. Rend., xxx (1850), p. 133. 22,860. Australia. Type. Bonaparte quotes ‘‘ Gould MSS.’’ as authority for this species, but Gould had not at that time published the species, and when he did, in 1855 (Pt. 2, p. 166) he used another name, P. cyanogenys, so that Bonaparte remains as the authority for the species.. Gould’s type is in the British Museum. Ortygometra verreauxi (Bp.) Compt. Rend., xliii, pp. 599, 600. Ortygometra sclateri (Bp.) Compt. Rend., xliii, pp. 599, 600. These are nomina nuda so far as I can ascertain. The species were later published by Sclater and Salvin as O. castaneiceps and hauxwelli respectively. The ‘‘ type specimens ’’ of Bonaparte are in the Academy collection received from Verreaux. Diphyllodes respublica (Bp.). See under Schlegelia wilsoni of Cassin. JoHN K. TowNsenp. The new species of birds described by Townsend and Audubon from the Columbia river and Rocky mountains were obtained on an expedition undertaken by Townsend and Nuttall early in 1834. Nuttall returned in October, 1835, via Hawaii and California, arriving home in August, 1856, while Townsend spent another year on the Columbia, visiting the South Pacific and Chile on his return.” Nuttall met Audubon in Boston immediately after his return and gave him such notes as he had made on the Western birds for use in the Ornithological Biography. The only new birds which he seems 11 See Narrative of a Journey Across the Rocky Mountains, ete. 1899. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. Us to have obtained were Agelaius tricolor and Pica nuttallii. That he did not collect more was partly due to the fact that he was mainly engaged in collecting plants and partly, as Audubon states, to the fact that ‘‘ he was not in the habit of carrying a gun on his rambles.’’ Townsend made the main ornithological collection, and appar- ently sent home by Nuttall all the specimens he had obtained up to the date of his departure, as the collection was in Philadelphia in 1836. Audubon, hearing of this, hastened to Philadelphia, and was much disgusted because Townsend’s friends would not let him describe the new species. An arrangement was, however, effected by which the new birds were to be published by Nuttall and Audubon in a paper in the Journal of the Academy under Townsend’s name, and then to be figured in the Birds of America. And as a part of the same arrangement, Audubon (or Edward Harris for him) purchased the duplicate specimens.” The types of the species described by Townsend are most of them still preserved in the Academy’s collection. The ‘‘ dupli- cates’’ purchased by Audubon were afterwards given by him to Edward Harris and Spencer F. Baird, and were eventually depos- ited respectively in the Academy and in the U. S. National Museum. In some cases there are specimens in the U. S National Museum of species which are not now contained in the Academy’s series, in which case the former must be regarded as the types, otherwise the Academy specimens seem to have the best claim to be so considered. The specimens collected by Townsend after Nuttall’s departure fall into another category. They were apparently (with a few exceptions) sent direct to Audubon,'* and were published by him in his Ornithological Biography, Vol. v, the types being subse- quently given to Harris and Baird along with the others. Most of these are now in the Academy and Nationa] Museum, and the question as to which should be considered the types naturally arises. Fortunately there is only one species of which specimens are in both institutions, 7. e., Dryobates villosus harrisii, and of this there is little difficulty in fixing the type. Ornith. Biog., iv, Preface, p. xi. 13 Not, however, those obtained in the S. Pacific and Chile which are in the Academy collection. 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. Townsend, upon his return, published Cypeelus vauzii, Sylvia tolmoei, Cinclus mortoni and Cinclus townsendi, and a complete list of the birds observed by him in the West, noting all the species described by Audubon and himself. A list of all of Townsend’s species follows with reference to the type specimens, as well as to such others as are still preserved. #gialitis montana (Towns.). Charadrius montanus Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, p. 192. 24,353. 2 Rocky mountains. J. K. Townsend. Type. Chaetura vauxii (Towns.). Cypcelus vauxii Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., viii, p. 148. 24,169. Columbia river. J. K. Townsend. Type. Junco hyemalis oregonus (Towns.). Fringilla oregona Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, p. 188. 24,048. Columbia river. J. K. Townsend. Type. Two specimens with same data are in the U. S. National Museum from Baird (Nos. 1,947 and 1,948). Calcarius ornatus (Towns.). Plectrophanes ornatus Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., viii, p. 189. 24,099. Rocky mountains. J.K. Townsend. Type. Calamospiza melanocorys Stejn. Fringilla bicolor Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, p. 189. 22,951. < Rocky mountains. J. K. Townsend. Type. 23,953. Q Rocky mountains. J. K. Townsend. Also one in U. 8. Nationa] Museum, with same data (2,869). Dendroica auduboni (Towns.). Sylvia auduboni Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, p. 191. 23,826. < Columbiariver. J. K. Townsend. Type. Also three specimens in U. S. National Museum. Dendroica nigrescens (Towns.). Sylvia nigrescens Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, p. 191. Two specimens in the U. S. National Museum appear to be the only ones extant (Nos. 1,908 and 2,915). 1,908 (U.S. N. M.). G June 16, 1835. Columbia river. J. K. Town- send. Type. Dendroica townsendi (Towns.). Sylvia townsendi Nutt., Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, p: 191 One specimen in the U. S. National Museum is the only one extant. 2,918 (U.S. N. M.). © Oct. 28, 1835. Columbia River. J. K. Town- send. Type. 1899. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 15 This specimen was unique and must have been purchased by Audubon along with the duplicates, or given to him later by Town- send, Dendroica occidentalis (Towns.). Sylvia occidentalis Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, p. 190. I can find no record of Townsend’s specimen of this bird, and it is apparently not in the National Museum. Geothlypis tolmoei (Towns.). : Sylvia tolmoei Towns. Appendix to Narrative of Journey Across Rocky Mountains, April, 1830, p. 343. Also Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., viii, p. 149. 23,765. Columbia river. J. K. Townsend. Type. Also, three specimens in U. 8. Nat. Mus., from Baird (2,907, 1,910 and 1,861). One of these specimens is the type of Sylvia macgillivrayi Aud. (see below), but in a paper in Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., viii, p. 159, Townsend insists that his name (tolmoei) should have priority. In this he was correct, though the fact has been univer- sally overlooked. Cinclus mexicanus Sw. Cinclus montana Towns. Cinclus townsendii ** Audubon” Towns. These two species are described in the Appendix to Townsend’s Narrative, p. 339, with reference to Audubon (Vol. iv, pl. 435). The first is based upon a single male, the latter upon a female. The descriptions were evidently prepared before Audubon’s plate and descriptions appeared with the understanding that he would adopt the above names. He meanwhile, however, rightly sur- mised that they were both identical with C. americanus Sw. (= mexicanus Sw.), and published them under that name ( Orn. Biog., v, p. 303). The types may possibly be in the U. S. National Museum. Oroscoptes montanus (Towns.). Orpheus montanus Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila, vii, p. 195. 23,728. J.K. Townsend. Type. Parus rufescens Towns. Parus rufescens Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., vii, p. 190. 23,665. Q Columbiariver. J. K. Townsend. Type. Also in U. S. National Museum, two similar specimens (2,931 and 1,924). 14 See Stone ‘‘Auk,’’ Jan., 1899. 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. Psaltriparus minimus (Towns.). Parus minimus Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, p. 190. Apparently no specimens are extant. Sialia mexicana occidentalis (Towns.). Sialia occidentalis Towns. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sei. vii, p. 188. Two specimens are in the U. S. National Museum: 1,930 (U.S. N. M.). G Columbiariver. J. K. Townsend. Type. 2,949 (U.S. N.M.). @ Columbia river. J. K. Townsend. JoHN JAMES AUDUBON. The history of the Townsend specimens has been explained above and it only remains to speak of such others of Audubon’s types as have found their way to the Academy’s collection. Two of these, Colaptes ayersii and Caprimulgus nuttallii, were presented by Audubon himself in 1849. . Columba trudeaui was obtained from J. G. Bell, and the others were presented by Edward Harris in 1849, with the rest of his collection. Cassin states that Harris’ collection contains the types of Quis- calus breweri, Sturnella neglecta, Fringilla harrisii, F. lineolni,” Alauda spraguei, Emberizu bairdii and Vireo belli. Of several of these latter, Audubon also gave specimens to Baird, and it is a question which of these shajl be designated as the types. In the list below I have included both the Academy and Nationa) Museum specimens in all such cases. Considering first the species based on Townsend’s collection, we find that two of those credited to Audubon in Townsend’s list were evidently so given by typographical error—Icterus gubernator and Diomedia chlororhynca being already described by other authors. Teterus tricolor and Pica nuttalli (type 3,337, U.S.N.M.) were based on Nuttall’s specimens, and Picus gairdnerii apparently on one received from Gairdner or Nuttall, while the following were names based on account of birds that had been seen but not secured, and have no standing except Caprimuldgus nuttallii, which was rediscovered by Audubon himself in 1843, and properly described: Phaiacrocorax leucurus. Picus pyrrhonotus. Phalacrocoraxz leuconotus. Turdus townsendiz. Phasianus americanus. Caprimulgus nuttallii. 13 Probably Cassin’s error. A specimen from the Upper Missouri was pre- sented by Harris, but Audubon’s type came from Labrador and seems to be lost. _—_—> 1899. | NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. VR x Of the other species, types of the following are in the U.S. National Museum: Troglodytes parkmani (probably No. 66,644). Ptilogonys townsendii (No. 2,922). Sylvia delafieldii (No. 2,905). Sylvia macgillivrayi (No. 1,910). Larus occidentalis. Fringilla townsendii (No. 2,874). Diomedia fused. Fringilla chlorura (No. 1,896). Phalacrocorax townsendit. Of the rest, the types are in the Academy cellection, as follows, or else have been entirely lost: sight of :” Dryobates villosus harrisii (Aud.). Picus harrisiti Aud. Orn. Biog., v, p..191. 1,923. Columbiariver. J. K. Townsend. Type. 24,246. Q Columbia river. J. K. Townsend. Another in the U. S. National Museum does not correspond with either of those mentioned by Audubon in date of capture, so that it is probable that the above pair are those from which he drew his description. Brachyspiza capensis peruviana (Less. )? Fringilla mortont Aud. Orn. Biog., v, p. 312. 10,614. ‘‘Columbia river. J. K. Townsend.’? From Dr. Woodhouse. Type. This specimen was evidently obtained in Chile, and was wrongly labelled. The other types of Audubon in the Academy collection are: Melopelia leucoptera (L.). Columba trudeauti Aud. Bds. of Am., vii, p. 352. 30,034. ‘The type specimen described by Mr. Audubon. J. C.’’ Texas. From Bell. Scolecophagus breweri (Aud.). Quiscalus breweri Aud. Bds. of Am., vii, p. 345. 3,840. Ft. Union. June 24, 1843. Edw. Harris. TZype. Sturnella magna neglecta (Aud.). Sturnella neglectu Aud. Bds. of Am., vii, p. 339. 167 am indebted to Dr. Charles W. Richmond for information relative to the Townsend specimens contained in the National Museum. 11 The lost types are as follows—some of them may, however, be found among the material at the National Museum, part of which, Dr. Richmond informs me, is not at present accessible for «xamination : Uria townsendii. Phalacrocorax resplendens. Procellaria pacific. Hematopus townsendit. Procellaria tenuirostris. Hematopus bachmani. Diomedia nigripes. Aphriza townsendit. 2 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. The specimen presented by Harris cannot now be found, and the type is therefore 1,939 (U. S. N. M.), June 30, 1843. J. J. Audubon. From S. F. Baird. Colaptes auratus x cafer. Picus ayresei (Aud.). Bds. of Am., vii, p. 348. 30,198. G June 19, 1843. From J. J. Audubon, coll. by Bell. Type. Zonotrichia querula (Nutt.). ‘vingilla harrisiti Aud. Bds. of Am., vii, p. 331. 24,073. From Edw. Harris. 24,074. 2 From Edw. Harris. Also one specimen in the National Museum: 1,940 (U.S. N.M.). 4% ‘‘ Kickapoo country, May.5, 1843. J. J. Audu- bon,” from 8. F. Baird. Vireo belli (Aud.). Vireo belli Aud. Bds. of Am., vil, p. 333. 23,880. ¢ From Edw. Harris. Also one in the National Museum, viz. : 1,926. (U.S. N.M.) ‘Ft. Union, 1843. J. J. Audubon.”” From S$. F. Baird. Anthus spraguei (Aud.). Alauda spraguei Aud. Bads. of Amer., vii, p. 334. 23,733. og’ June 24, 1843. Ft. Union. Edw. Harris. Type. There is also a specimen in the National Museum: 1,854 (U.S. N. M.). ‘‘Ft. Union, 1843. J.J. Audubon.” From S$. F. Baird. The specimen described is the male. Ammodramus bairdii (Aud.). Emberiza bairdii Aud. Bds. of Amer., vii, p. 359. 24,085. Ft Union, 1843. Edw. Harris. Type. 24,086. Ft. Union, 1843. Edw. Harris. There is also a specimen in the National Museum: 1,885 (U. S. N. M.). Ft. Union, 1843. J. J. Audubon, from Baird. Phalenoptilus nuttallii (Aud.). Caprimulgus nuttallii Aud. Bds. of Amer., vii, p. 350. 24,182. From J.J. Audubon. Type. THomas NUTTALL. Nuttall’s new species were all described in his Manual, though he was, in all probability, responsible for the names published under the ostensible authorship of Townsend and Gamble during their absence in the West. Several of Nuttall’s species are based on specimens in the Academy’s collection as follows: 1899. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 19 Zonotrichia coronata (Pallas). Zonotrichia aurocapilla Nutt. 24,067. of Sept. 22,1836. Columbia river. Type. Melospiza fasciata guttata (Nutt.). Melospiza guttata Nutt. This species is based upon Audubon’s description ef Fringilla cinerea (Orn. Biog., v, p. 22), which Nuttall rightly determined was not Fringilla cinerea of Gmelin. Audubon’s description was based upon one of Townsend’s specimens, which subsequently came into the Academy’s possession through Edward Harris, and must of course be regarded as the type of Nuttall’s JZ. guttata. 24,028. Columbia river. J. K. Townsend. From E. Harris. Type. A female and an unsexed specimen are in the National Museum, also from Townsend. Zonotrichia leucophrys gambeli (Nutt.). Fringilla gambeli Nutt. Also based on a Townsend specimen in the Academy collection, but the type cannot now be found. ‘Turdus ustulatus (Nutt.). Turdus ustulatus Nutt. Based on a Townsend specimen in the Academy collection which I have identified as 23,644. Columbia river. J. K. Townsend. Type. WiLuiAM GAMBEL. Gambel’s new species were based mainly upon collections made by him in California and presented to the Academy, where most of the specimens are still preserved, though several have found their way into the National Museum. Ptychoramphus aleuticus (Pall.). Mergulus cassinii Gambel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., xx, 1845, p. 266. 30,073. California. W.Gambel. Type. Sterna antillarum (Less.) Sterna frenata Gambel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1848, p. 128. 24,499. Atlantic ocean. Dr. Heermann. Type. Sterna maxima (Bodd). Sterna regia Gambel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1848, p. 128. 30,071. Florida. Dr. Heermann. Type. Sterna elegans (Gambel). Sterna elegans Gambel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1848, p. 128. 30,070. ‘‘ Mazatlan, California.’”” W.Gambel. Type. 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. Dactylortyx thoracicus (Gambel). Ortyx thoracicus Gambel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1848, p. 77. 12,405. Jalapa, Mex., D’Oca Coll. 12,404. Mexico, Pease Coll. Type. Callipepla gambelii (Gambel). Lophortyx gambellit ‘‘ Nutt.’? Gambel. Proc. Acad Nat. Sci. Phila., 1843, p. 260. 24,327. GQ California. W.Gambel. Type. Dryobates nuttallii (Gambel). Picus nuttallii Gambel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1843, p. 259. The types of this species seem to be in the National Museum labelled as presented by Dr. Thomas B. Wilson. 3337 (U.S. N. M.). © California. W.Gambel. Type. Myiodynastes bairdii (Gambel). Saurophagus bairdii Gambel. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., New Series, i, p. 40. Type loaned by Baird, and now in U. S. National Museum. This species inhabits South America. This specimen was wrongly attributed to California. Oreospiza chlorura (Aud.). Fringilla blandingiana Gambel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., 1843, p. 260. The type of this species cannot be found. Harporhynchus redivivus (Gambel). Harpes redivivous Gambel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1845, p. 264. 23715. California. W.Gambel. Type. Troglodytes aedon (Vieill.). Troglodytes sylvestris Gambel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1846, p. 113. Proposed for T. americana Aud., which is preoceypied. No type has been found. Chamea fasciata (Gambel). Parus fasciatus Gambel. Proce. Acad. Nat. S2i. Phila., 1845, p. 265. Type is in the National Museum. 3,339 (U.S. N. M.). California. Dr. Gambel. From Baird. Parus gambeli Ridgw. Parus montanus Gamb2l. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1843, p. 259. The type of this species cannot be found. Parus inornatus Gambel. Parus inornatus Gambel. Pros. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1845, p. 255. Type is in the National Museum. 3,340 (U.S. N. M.). California. Dr. Gambel. From Baird. 1899. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 21 JAMES TRUDEAU. Trudeau described in the Academy’s Journal for 1837 and 1839, Picus auduboni from New Orleans, Pyranga leucoptera from Mexico. Neither of his types, however, seem to have been pre- sented to the Museum. EpWARD HARRIS. Harris described but one species, the type of which is before me. Parus atricapillus septentrionalis (Harris). Parus septentrionalis Harris. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1845, p. 300. 29,792, juv. Yellowstone river, upper Missouri. E. Harris. Type. GeEoRGE A. McCaAtt. Of McCall’s types two are preserved in the collection. Otocoris alpestris occidentalis (McCall). Otocoris occidentalis McCall. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1851, p. 218. 14,883. Santa Fé, N. Mex. July, 1850. Type. This name must supplant either arenicola or adusta. Carpodacus mexicanus frontalis (Say). Carpodacus obscurus McCall. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1851, p. 220. 24,141. 9 Santa Fé, N. Mex. June, 1850. Type. Of the other species described by him, the types cannot be found, viz. : Columba solitaria (McCall). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1847, p. 233. Cyanocorax cassinti (McCall). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1851, p. 216 (= Cyanocephalus cyanocephalus). Carpodacus familiaris (McCall). Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1852, p. 61. GEORGE C. LErIB. Camptolaimus labradorius (Gm.). Fuligula grisea Leib. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. (1st series), viii, p. 170. Type is perhaps one of two old specimens in the collection with- out data, but this is by no means certain. WILLIAM DUDLEY. Grus americanus (Linn.). Grus hoyianus Dudley. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vii, p. 64. Type in Museum Wisconsin Natural History Society. Parito R. Hoy. Bubo virginianus arcticus (Sw.). Bubo subarcticus Hoy. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, p. 211. 2,797. Racine, Wisconsin. Dr. Hoy. Type. 22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. Nyctala acadica (Gm). Nyctale kirtlandii Hoy. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vi, p. 210. 2,718. Wisconsin. Dr. Hoy. Type. Buteo bairdii (Hoy). See under Cassin. W. L. Jones. Dryobates pubescens (L.). Picus lecontet Jones. Ann. Lye. N. H., iv (1848), p. 489. 30,199. Georgia. Apr. 14, 1847. Dr. W. L. Jones. Type. A. L. HEERMANN. Three species were described by Heermann, the types being as follows: Podilymbus podiceps (Linn.). Podilymbus lineatus Heermann. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1847, p. alee 4,738. California. A. L. Heermann. Type. Colymbus nigricollis californicus (Heerm.). Podiceps californicus Heermann. Pro. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854, p. dio: 30,072. California. A. L. Heermann. Type. Tringytes subruficollis (Heerm.). Actidurus nevius Heerm. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854, p. 178. 6,694 (U.S. N. M.). San Antonio, Tex. Type. GEORGE SUCKLEY, C. B. R. KENNERLY, S. W. WoopHousE, J. Xantus DEVEsEy, D. N. Coucn, T. CHARLTON HENRY. These authors all described new species in the Academy’s Pro- ceedings (1852-1859) from collections made by them on the vari- ous Government surveys, and while many duplicates from the collections have been presented to the Academy by the Smithsonian Institution, the types, with one exception, were retained. Harporhynchus crissalis (Henry). Toxostoma crissalis Henry. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1858, p. 117. 23,713 (8,127). Ft. Thorn, N. Mex. T.C. Henry. Type. (See also Baird, Rev. Amer. Bds., p. 48). SpencEeR F. Barrp. While a majority of Prof. Baird’s new species were described in the Academy’s Proceedings, most of his types were the property of the U. S. National Museum. Those in the Academy’s collec- tion are as follows: 1899. | NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 25 Anser albifrons gambeli (Hartl.). Anser frontalis Baird. Bds. of N. Am., p. 762. 6,055. New Mexico. Dr. T. C. Henry, marked by Cassin as ‘‘ Type of species.’’ Two specimens are mentioned in the original description, and this is evidently one of them. Empidonax minimus (Baird). Tyrannula minima Baird. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1843, p. 284. 4,465 (1,161 8. F. B.). Carlisle, Pa. Aug. 16, 1843, from Baird. Type. Empidonax flaviventris (Baird). Tyrannula flaviventris Baird. Proc. Acid. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1843, p. 283. The type of this species was also presented to the Academy (see Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1843, p. 289), but is not now extant. Lanius fallax, or some allied Old World species. Collurio ludovicianus robustus Baird. Baird, Brewer and Ridgway. N. A. Bds., i, p. 420 (1874). 15,303. [‘‘ California.’’?] Dr. Gambel. Type. The specimen probably came from the Old World (see Stejneger, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1885, p. 91). Vireolanius eximius Baird. Vireolanius eximius Baird. Rev. Amer. Bds., 1864, p. 398. 24,497. Bogota, from J. G. Bell. Type. Dendroica rufigula Baird. Dendroica rufiguia Baird. Rev. Amer. Bds., 1864, p. 204. 8,675. Martinique. Rivolicoll. (?) Type. Platycichla brevipes Baird. Platycichla brevipes Baird. Rev. Amer. Bds., 1864, p. 32. While the Academy specimen, 24,495. is mentioned in the description, the National Museum specimen, 23,954, seems to have the better claim to recognition as the type. GEORGE N. LAWRENCE. As in the case of Baird, Lawrence was a frequent contributor to the Proceedings, though most of his types were preserved else- - where. Only two are in the collection. Thamnophilus virgatus Lawr. Thamnophilus virgatus Lawr. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868, p. 361. 24,500. <§ Turbo, Panama. W.S. and C. J. Wood, Michler Exp. Type. This species is wholly ignored in the Catalogue of Birds in the British Museum, but is reéstablished in the Biologia Centr. Amer., 24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. ii., p. 199, after an examination of this specimen which seems to be unique. Auriparus flaviceps (Sundev.). Conirostrum ornatum Lawr. Ann: Lye. N. Y., v, p. 112. 18,177. Rio Grande River. Capt. J.C. McCown. Type. This specimen was apparently presented by Lawrence and is labelled as above in his hand. DAG. siraa08 8: ELuiot Cougs, J. G. Cooper, Roserr RimpGway. These authors all contributed diagnoses of new species to the Proceedings, but only two of their types are contained in the Academy’s collection. Diomedia melanophrys Boie. Diomedia gilliana Coues. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866, p. 181. 4,514. (Nodata.) Zype. Glaucidium jardinii (Bp.). Glaucidium langsbergit Rdgw. Pree. Bost. Soc. N. H., xvi, p. 98. D586: ol Brazil) ype: 2,590. © Caracas. Though credited to ‘‘ Leyd. Mus., T. B. Wilson,’’ Ridgway seems to have been the first to publish this name. P. L. ScLATER. Dr. Sclater described several new species in Jardine’s Oontribu- tions to Ornithology, based on. specimens loaned him by Edward Wilson. The types, however, seem to have been afterwards secured by Dr. Sclater, and presented to the British Museum, and never reached the Academy collection. Such species are: Huphonia frontalis. Calliste lunigera. Calliste xanthogastra. Some other specimens upon which he based descriptions were lost in shipment to Philadelphia (see Contr. to Ornith., 1852, p. 59). Besides the birds loaned to him by Edward Wilson, Sclater described two new species during his visit to the Academy in 1856. His types in the collection are as follows: Glaucidium gnoma californicum Scl. : Glaucidium californicum Sel. P. Z. S., 1857, p. 4. 2,559. 9 California. Dr. A. L. Heermann. Type. i) oO 1899. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. Pygoptila margaritata (Scl.). Myrmeciza margaritata Sel. P. Z.S., 1854, p. 253. 8,111. ¢ Peru, from Verreaux. Type. Saltator atripennis Scl. Saltator atripennis Sel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, p. 261. 7,900. < ‘‘Popayan, N. Granada.’’? Rivolicoll. Type. 7,801. <¢ ‘‘Popayan, N. Granada.’’ Rivoli coll. Helodytes humilis Scl. Campylorhynchus humilis Sel. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, p. 263. 24,496. CG Mazatlan. Bell. 23,908. ‘*California.’?’ Dr. Gambel. Henry Bryant. Tachycineta cyaneoviridis (Bryant). Hirundo cyaneoviridis Bryant. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vii (1859), p. 111. 15,639. Nassau, New Providence, Bahamas. Pres. by Dr. Bryant, 1860. Type. Most of Dr. Bryant’s types are presumably in the collection of the Boston Society of Natural History, but this specimen was sent to the Academy immediately after it was described, and is distinctly marked as the type. W. T. Marcu. March described Mimus hillii in the Academy’s Proceedings in 1863, but his type is in the U. S. National Museum. SAMUEL CABOT, JR. Psilorhinus mexicanus Rupp. Corvus vociferus Cabot. Jour. Bost. Soc. N. H., iv (1844), p. 464. 3,096. Yucatan. Type. This is the only one of Cabot’s specimens in the Academy, and is marked by Prof. Baird as the type. JOHN K RIDER. The well-known gunmaker and taxidermist of Philadelphia, though a great collector, was not much of a contributor to ornitho- logical literature, and the only species described by him was the following, which proves to be merely a partly melanistic Common Quail: Colinus virginianus (L.). Ortyxz virginianus var. hoopesi Krider. Forest and Stream, Vol. xvi, p. 245. 12,391. J.Krider. Type. 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. BERNARD A. Hoopes. Buteo borealis kriderii (Hoopes). Buteo kriderti Hoopes. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1873, p. 238. 1,493. J Winnebago Co., Iowa. Sept., 1872. J. Krider. Type. Herotp HERRICK. Helminthophila lawrencei (Herrick). Helminthophaga lawrencet Herrick. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1874, p. 220. Type probably in the American Museum of Natural History. J.. A. OGDEN. Chettusia crassirostris De Fil. Chettusia nigrifrons Ogden. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1871, p. 196. 11639. Fazogloa Africa. Rivolicoll. Type. ‘* Chettusia cassini Ogden’’ seems to be only a manuscript name. No. 11,641, 2, Java, Rivoli Coll., is labelled as the type with the above name. Ptilorhis magnifica (Vieill.). Ptilorhis wilsoni Ogden. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1875 (Jan., 1876), p. 451. 3,124. New Guinea. Rivolicoll. Type. ALAN F. GENTRY, Cyanocorax heilprini Gentry. Cyanocorax heilprint Gentry. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1885, p. 90. 3,055. ' Rio Negro. Rivolicoll. Type. Apparently unique, perhaps a hybrid. WITMER STONE. Anous atrofuscus Stone. Anous atrofuscus Stone. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1894, p. 117. 5,027. Merde Montevideo. Rivolicoll. Type. Bubo virginianus (Gm.). Bubo v. occidentalis Stone. Auk, 1896, p. 155. 26,435. Mitchell Co., Iowa. Dr. W. L. Abbott. 1880. Type. This specimen proved not to be the ‘‘ Western Horned Owl,’’ but intermediate between virginianus and arcticus. ‘The ‘‘ Western Horned Owl’’ was subsequently named Bubo v. pallescens Stone (type in U. 8. National Museum). Sturnella magna hoopesi Stone. Sturnella magna hoopesi Stone. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1897, p. 149. 786 (Coll. Josiah Hoopes). % Brownsville, Tex. Mar. 13, 1892. F. B. Armstrong. Type. 1899. ] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. bo sj SAMCEL N. RHOADs. Parus hudsonicus columbianus Rhoads. Parus hudsonicus columbianus Rhoads. Auk, 1893, p. 23. 31,493. ' Field, B.C. Aug. 30, 1892. Coll. S. N. Rhoads. Type. JOHN CAssry. As the ornithologist of the Academy for over twenty-five years of its greatest ornithological activity, it is not surprising that Cassin described more new species from the collection than any one else, nor is it a matter of wonder that with such a collection constantly at hand he pursued his studies among the birds of all parts of the world with equal freedom. Cassin’s publications consisted mainly of his papers in the Proceedings and Journal of the Academy. Besides these he published the Birds of California and Texas, Birds of the Japan Expedition,“ U. 8. Astronomical Expedition,” the second edition of the Birds of the U. S. Exploring Expedition, and contributed the Raptores, Grallze and Alcidee to Baird’s Birds of North America. The types of new species described in the Government publica- tions are all in the National Museum, while the vast majority of those described in these Proceedings are in the Academy collection. In a few of the species described in the latter, as well as those in the Birds of California and Texas, he frequently says ‘‘ specimens in the Acad., Phila., and Nat. Mus., Wash.,’’ which occasions some ambiguity. In such cases I have’ given preference to the Acad- emy specimens as being probably those before him at the time of writing, especially when these are labelled by Cassin himself, but in some instances, as seen below, the National Museum specimens have the better claim. A word of explanation as to Cassin’s connection with the Birds of the U. S. Exploring Expedition may not be out of place, as the matter is not generally clearly understood. The original report was prepared by Titian R. Peale, who accom- panied the expedition, but only ninety copies of this work were issued. These which were distributed to the leading libraries but without plates. Subsequently, in consideration of the impor- tance of the work, a new report was prepared by Cassin, accom- panied by a volume of plates which had been originally intended to accompany the first edition. 18 In these reports no new species are proposed. 28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. Cassin had the original Peale collection submitted to him upon which to prepare his report. These specimens were mainly returned to the National Museum, but a small number, including some types, were presented to the Academy. Peale’s work is remarkable for the number of names it adds to the synonymy, for out of 109 species described as new, only thirty-three are accepted in Cassin’s edition. The few novelties described by Cassin from the collection are originally described in the Academy Proceedings. Cassin’s types have been grouped geographically in the following list and all the species proposed by him are included whether the types are in the Academy or not. Casstn’s NortH AMERICAN TYPES. Cerorhina monocerata (Pall.). Cerorhina suckleyi Cass. Baird’s Bds. of Am., p. 906. 4,579 (U.S. N. M.). Ft. Steilacoom, Washington T. Dr. G. Suckley. Type. Larus heermanni Cass. Larus heermanni Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1852, p. 187. Type cannot be found. Fulmarus glacialis rodgersii (Cass.). Fulmarus rodgersii Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, p. 326. Type in U. S. National Museum. Merganser americanus (Cass.). Mergus americanus Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1852, p. 187. No type mentioned, based partly on Wilson’s plate. Oidemia deglandi Bp. Oidemia velvetina Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., 1850, p. 126. 5,540. Egg Harbor, N. J. E. J. Lewis, M.D. Type. Chen hyperborea (Pall.). Anser albatus Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, p. 41. 6,045. Philadelphia market. Type. Chen rossii (Cass.). Anser rossii Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila,, 1861, p. 73. Type in U. S. National Museum. Branta canadensis (L.). Anser parvipes Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1852, p. 187. 6,019. Vera Cruz, Dr. Burrough. T'ype. Grus canadensis L. Grus fraterculus Cass. Baird’s Bds. of Am., p. 656. 10,378 (U.S. N. M.). Albuquerque, N. Mex. Lt. Whipple. TZype. 1899. | NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 23 Tringa alpina pacifica (Coues). Tringa alpina americana Cass. Baird’s Bds. of Am., p. 719. No type mentioned; name proposed for the American bird as distinct from the European. Aegialitis nivosa Cass. Baird’s Bds. of Am., p. 696. 6,600 (U.S. N. M.). Presidio, Cal. Lt. Trowbridge. Type. Buteo cooperi Cass. Buteo cooperi Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, p. 253. Type in U. S. National Museum. Buteo borealis calurus (Cass.). Buteo calurus Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1855, p. 281. 1,516. N. Mexico. Dr. T.C. Henry. Type. Buteo lineatus elegans (Cass.). Buteo elegans Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1855, p. 281. 1,544. < California. Type. Buteo swainsoni Bp. Buteo ozypterus Cass. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1855, p. 282. 1,465. N. Mexico. Dr. T.C. Henry. Type. Another specimen (8,550) in the National Museum is recorded by Ridgway as the type, but it is from Ft. Fillmore, while the type is from Ft. Webster. Our specimen is marked type by Cassin. Buteo insignatus Cass. Bds. of Cal. and Tex., p. 102. “ Type is in the Museum of the Nat. Hist. Soc. of Montreal.”’ This was a melanistic specimen. Buteo bairdii ‘‘Hoy’’ Cass. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1853, p. 451. 1,469. Wisconsin. Dr. Hoy. Type. This is a very light-colored individual. Falco mexicanus Schleg. Falco polyagris Cass. Bas. of Cal. and Tex., p. 88. 2,175. Source of the Platte. J. K. Townsend. Type. Falco peregrinum anatum (Bp.). Falco nigriceps Cass. Bds. of Cal. and Tex., p. 87. 2,072. Bearcreek, Cal. Kern. Type. Polyborus cheriway (Jacq.). Polyborus auduboni Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1865, p. 2. Type in U. S. National Museum. Megascops asio trichopsis (Wagl.) Scops mecallit Cass. Bds. of Cal. and Tex., p. 180. The only specimen in the Academy which could have been ex- amined by Cassin is a very young bird, so that the type should be selected from the National Museum series. 30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1899. Bubo virginianus pacificus Cass. Bubo virginianus pacificus Cass. Bds. of Cal. and Tex., p. 178. This name was proposed for all Horned Owls of the Pacific slope, and no type was designated. As restricted by Stone (Auk, 1896, p. 153), the typical specimen is 27,905, %, San Bernardo, Cal., April, 1887, R. B. Herron. Bubo virginianus (Gm.). Bubo virginianus atlanticus Cass. Bds. of Cal. and Tex., p. 178. Proposed for Horned Owls of the Atlantic slope. No type designated. Xenopicus albolarvatus (Cass.). Leuconerpes albolarvatus Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1850, p. 106. 19,338. ' California. J. Bell. Type. 19,535 is the female specimen mentioned. Sphyrapicus thyroides (Cass.). Picus thyroides Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1851, p. 349. 24,214. 2 California. J. Bell. Type. 24,213 is another female with same data. Chordeiles virginianus henryi (Cass.). Chordeiles henryi Cass. Bds. Cal. and Tex., p. 233. 24,179. Rio Grande, Lat. 329°. Dr. T. C. Henry. Type. Another with same data is in the National Museum (No. 6,005). Spinus lawrencei (Cass.). Jarduelis lawrencei Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1850, p. 105. 24,120. of California. J. G. Bell. Type. 24,121 is a female with same data. Ammodramus rostratus (Cass.). Emberiza rostrata Cass. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1852, p. 184. 24,087. California. Dr. Heermann. Type. 24,088 is another collected at the same time. Spizella breweri Cass. Spizella breweri Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, p. 40. 24,050. Black Hills, Dak. J. K. Townsend. Type. Amphispiza bilineata (Cass.). Emberiza bilineata (Cass). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1850, p. 104. 24,038. Rio Grande, Tex. J. W. Audubon. Type. Amphispiza belli (Cass.). Emberiza belli Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1850, p. 104. 24,036. California. J. G. Bell. Type. 24,034 is another specimen with same data. 1899. | NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 31 Peucza ruficeps (Cass. ). Ammodramus ruficeps Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1852, p. 184. 24,031. California. Dr. A. L. Heermann. 3,831 (U. S. National Museum) has the same data. Vireo flavoviridis (Cass.). Vireosylvia flavoviridis Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1851, p. 152. Cassin refers to specimens from Panama and Nicaragua, but none of these seem to be extant. Vireo philadelphica (Cass.). Vireosylvia philadelphica Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1851, p. 153. 23,891. Philadelphia, Sep., 1842. J. Cassin. Type. Vireo huttoni Cass. Vireo huttoni Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1851, p. 150. 3,725 (U.S. N. M.). Monterey, Cal. Hutton. Type. The specimen from Georgetown, Cal., collected by Bell, cannot be found. Sitta carolinensis aculeata (Cass.). Sitta aculeata Cass. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856, p. 254. 23,684. ' California. Dr. Gambel. Type. Parus atricristatus Cass. Parus atricristatus (Cass.). Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1850, p. 103. 23,676. Rio Grande, Tex. J.W. Audubon. Type. Parus wollweberi Bp. Parus annexus Cass. Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1850, p. 103. 23,674. Rio Grande, Tex. J. W. Audubon. Type, Casstn’s MEXICAN AND TropicAL AMERICAN TyPEs. Cathartes burrovianus Cass. Cathartes burrovianus Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1845, p. 212. 58. Vera Cruz. Dr. Burrough. Type. Regerhinus wilsoni (Cass.). Cyminidis wilsonii Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1847, p. 199. 1,944. <¢ Gibara, Cuba. R.C. Taylor. Type. 1,945 is a female with same data. Micrastur guerilla Cass. Micrastur guerilla Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1848, p. 87. 243. Mexico. Coll. by Pease. Type. 244 from same locality and collector. Nyctalatinus harrisii Cass. Nyctale harrisii Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1849, p. 157. 2,723. S. America (?) from J. G. Bell. Type. Ciccaba albogularis (Cass.). Syrnium albogularis Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1848, p. 124. 2,689. S. America. Rivolicoll. Type. 2,688 is another specimen with same data. 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF (1899. Ciccaba virgata (Cass.). Syrinium virgatum Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1848, p. 124. 2,688. S. America. Rivolicolln. Type. Megascops brasilianus (Gm.) ?. Ephialtes watsonii Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1848, p. 123. 2,445. S. America. Type. Another specimen mentioned is 2,444 from the Orinoco. Ara auricollis Cass. Ara auricollis Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1853, p. 372. 22,358. S. America. Rivolicoll. Type. The other specimens mentioned are 22,359 and 22,357. Chrysotis viridigenalis Cass. Chrysotis viridigenalis Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1853, p. 371- 92.506. < Brazil? Rivolicoll. Type. Bolborhynchus lineolus (Cass.). Psittacula lineola Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1853, p. 372. 22,984. Mexico (National Bridge). Pease coll. Zype. Brotogeris tuipara (Gm.). Brotogeris aurifrons Cass. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1855, p. 159. 92,458. S. America. Type. ~~ Selenidera spectabilis Cass. Seienidera spectabilis Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1857, p. 214. 20,432. <\ Veragua, N. Grenada. R. W. Mitchell. Type. Ramphastos toco Mull. Ramphastos albogularis Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1867, p. 101. 20,392. Central America. Rivolicoll. Type. Campephilus bairdii Cass. Campephilus bairdii Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila., 1863, p. 322. 19,610. o Cuba. R.C. Taylor. Type. Specimens also in U. S. National Museum. Celeus loricatus (Reichb.). Celeus mentalis Cass. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 137. 19,548. < Atrato River, N. Grenada. Lt. Michler. Type. 19,547, 2, Turbo, is the other specimen mentioned. These were received from the Smithsonian Institution. Dryobates orizabae (Cass.). Picus orizabae Cass. Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, p. 196. 19,267. ) ‘* type specimens the diagnoses. By careful study and comparison with the original descriptions it is possible to select the specimen which agrees in plumage, meas- urements and locality with the description in nearly every case, and such ones I have designated as the types. Of the 391 names proposed by Gould for Australian birds (in- cluding those published in his Handbook) the types of 321 are in the Academy collection. Of the rest, fifty-six are in the British Museum, or other collections stated by Gould, while of fourteen the actual type seems to have been lost, though paratypes or cotypes are still preserved in the Academy. A complete manuscript catalogue of the Gould Australian speci- mens has been prepared, and may be published at some future time. Below are given such of his types from localities other than Australia as are preserved in the Academy collection: Nestor productus (Gould). Plyctolophus productus Gould, P. Z. 8., 1836, p. 19. 22,082. New Zealand. Gould coll. Type. Ramphastos brevicarinatus Gould. Ramphastos brevicarinatus Gould. Mon. Ramph., ii Ed., pl. iii (1854). 20,3875. Mexico. Rivoli coll. Type. Ramphastos citreolemus Gould. Ramphastos citreolemus Gould. P. Z. S., 1843, p. 147. 20,391. Bogota. Rivolicoll. Type. Todirhamphus recurvirostris Lafr. Halcyon platyrostris Gould, P. Z. S., 1842, p. 72. 21,449. Navigator Islands. J. Gould. Type. Chameza nobilis Gould. Chameza nobilis Gould. Ann. and Mag. Zool., xv, 2d Series, 1855, p. 344. 8,517. Peru. ‘‘ No. 2 Chameza nobilis, sp. nov., Gould. Type.’’ The above data are in Gould’s hand. The British Museum Catalogue contains another specimen with the same data, which is recorded as the type. 56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE’ ACADEMY OF [1899. Heteralocha acutirostris (Gould). Neomorpha acutirostris Gould. P. Z. S., 1836, p. 144. 16,023. Q New Zealand. J. Gould. Type. Neomorpha crassirostris Gould. P. Z. 8., 1836, p. 145. 16,021.