a4 7 © erehe \& ‘ .' ¢ s .* « . ¢. . +t. -¢ tre ? 2 fe 2-8 Wok eK RA » » Abt 2 = =~ ee - pee? err & >, ? &© Pt & reef a] -& 2 22 9 & t-f *o. 2 ? et? ree » ° ——— - : o” = PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JHE JIONORARY PECRETARIES. JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 41981. CALCUTTA: LOR, PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, ne AND PUBLISHED BY THE : é ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. (if 1881. : : C72 p CONTENTS. -—— Oo Page Proceedings for January 1881 ............ Gre ons bec cds 1-20 . Do. for February, including edad Rovere. Biserevtae Seances 21-48 Do. for March, ESS ber er cevacetcesees oren see ee 49-60 Do. for April, {fF sie sangeet suc detieacadstdreurdeer emeaeten VE eee Do. for May, | Gm on daenas tee eadhon tes nna cedies taceadaen ete COLO Do. for June, Si Lae BRS RNE DCEO S CaReS otem tae daeerdsy tae ete L Eee Do. for July, 15. | Bee Sdeicevades oPraciatbancseadvcswewes on bd oe hoe Do. . for August, 59 ul dus Row OUREEY vee eeaLUP tic doeetemte i te kee Do. FORA OVEHINOE,! 5. °° de edoviascates tac ous co gici eveetec oe TA ee Do. FOr We Camber yk 55 daa vec ceeedasssccesde see there dcocat RL One GEE cscs se: vs . 179-190 List of Metnbers af is dati Sameer. of Besiaal on Pie 81st December, 1880, Appendix to February Proceedings ......... 1-xvi Abstract Statement of Receipts and Disbursements of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for the year 1880, Appendix to May MPRTEECUIIENE cous suet cuaten val oe sedans) oimedadevceuses coc ees seine ies cues i-xli EIST) OF PLA Tis. —@— I. Trace of Van Rysselberghe and Schubart’s Meteorograph (p. 65). II. Facsimile of the last page of a MS. of the Bhatti-Kavya, dated Saka 1326 (p. 184). III. Tracing from Sun Negative taken at Dehra observatory, G. T. Survey of India (p. 153). PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCETY OF BENGAL. FoR JANUARY, 1881, SS The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 5th of January 1881, at 9 P. M. H. B. Mepricorvt, Esq., F. R. 8., in the Chair. The minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed. The following presentations were announced— 1. From Dr. R. L. Mitra,—Nidana, a Sanskrit system of Pathology, translated into Bengali by Uday Chand Dutt. 2. From the Meteorological Reporter for Western India,—(1) Brief sketch of the Meteorology of the Bombay Presidency in 1879, (2) Ab- normal Variations of Barometric Pressure in the Tropics and their relation to Sunspots, Rainfall and Famine. 8. From the Hon’ble Whitley Stokes,—Uber die Sprache der Ktrusker, (2 vols.), by W. Corssen. 4. From the Madras Government,—Report on the Amravati Tope, and excavations on its site in 1877, by R. Sewell. 5. -From the Department of the Interior, U. S. America,—History of the North American Pinnipeds by J. A. Allen. 6. From the Home, Revenue and Agricultural Department,— (1) Report on the Amravati Tope, and excavations on its site in 1877, by R. Sewell, (2) Max Miiller’s Sacred Books of the Hast, Vols. IV, V, and VII. 7. From the Authors,—(1) An account of the Country traversed by the second column of the Tal-Chotiali Field Force in the spring of 1879, by Lieut. R. C. Temple, (2) Gulshan-i-Raz, the Mystic Rose Garden of Sa’d-ud-din Mahmud Shabistari, by E. H. Whinfield. 8. From Pandit Mohanlal Vishnulal Pandia,—Nos. 1—9 of Haris- ehandra Chandrika and Mohan-chandrika. 2 Mr. Bail on Identification of Diamond Mines. (Jan. 9. From Surgeon-Major A. F. Bradshaw,—Hindu Matrimony, by Babu B. C. Bose. 10. From the Trustees of the British Museum,—lIllustrations of Typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum, Part IV, by Lord Walsingham. The following Gentlemen are candidates for ballot at the next meeting— 1. P. J. Carter, Esq., Forest Department, British Burmah, proposed by E. W. Oates, Esq., seconded by A. Pedler, Esq. 2. Capt. T. Morris Jenkins, Asst. Commissioner, British Burmah, proposed by E. W. Oates, Hsq., seconded by A. Pedler, Esq. 3. Major W. F. Prideaux, Caleutta, proposed by A. Pedler, Esq., seconded by Capt. W. H. Johnstone, R. E. 4, R.C. Laughlin, Esq., proposed by J. C. Douglas, Esq., seconded by L. Schwendler, Esq. 5. Dr. G. Bomford, Garrison Surgeon, Fort William, proposed by Dr. A. F. Bradshaw, seconded by A. Pedler, Esq. The Secretary reported that Mr. H. A. Cockerell and Mr. J.G. Apear had intimated their desire to withdraw from the Society, and that Mr. W. T. Webb had requested that his letter of resignation might be can- celled. ; The following papers were read— 1. On the Identification of Certain Diamond Mines in India which were known to and worked by the ancients, especially those which were visited by Tavernier.—By V. Baut, M. A., F. G.S, (Abstract. ) In this paper the author gives the result of his investigations into the identity of the diamond mines visited and described by Tavernier which have long afforded matter for more or less vague speculation to numerous writers on the subject. RaotconDa is believed to be identical with Rawdukonda in the district of Mudgul in the Nizam’s Dominions: it is situated near the Tungabudra river in Lat. 15° 41” Long. 76° 50’. GANI-COULOUR is shown to be identical with Kollur on the Kistna river, Lat. 16° 42’ 80”, Long. 80° 5’. Under this heading there is a note on the Great Mogul diamond and its identity with the Koh-i-nur. The prefix Gani is supposed to be simply the Persian Kan-z- (¢. e. mine of). And the title Koh-i-nur may have been suggested by the meaningless name Kollur. SOUMELPOUR appears to have been situated in Chutia Nagpur and probably was in Palamow. It is quite a distinct locality from Sam- 1881. ] Mr. Ball on the occurrence of the Lion in Palamow. 3 balpur on the Mahanadi with which it has been the custom, hitherto, to identify it. Its position was about Lat. 28° 35’ Long. 84° 21’. BEIRAGURH, mentioned in the Ain-i-Akbari as having diamond mines, Is shown to be identical with Wairagurh in the Chanda district, Lat. 20° 26’, Long. 80° 10’, where the remains of the mines are still to be seen. This paper will be published in full in the Journal, Part IT. 2. On a forgotten Record of the occurrence of the Lion in the District of Palamow and its connection with some other facts regarding the Geographical Distribution of Animals in India.—By V. Batt, MA. ¥.6G. S. I have taken the above title for this paper in consequence of the fact that in the accounts of the distribution of the lion in India by the principal writers on the subject, there is no notice of the following statement which occurs in a work by Surgeon Breton “ on the Medico-Topography of the Ceded Provinces of the South-West Frontier’? published in the year 1826.* The following is the passage: “A lon in 1814 was shot by the natives near the village of Koondra in Palamow and its skin was seen and recognized by Mr, W. M. Fleming, the then Magistrate of Ramgurh, to be that of a lion.” Surgeon Breton adds, “ Possibly this may have been a stray animal, for the lion is very little known in South Behar, although the name of Sheerbubbur (lion) is familiar to the more intelligent of the natives.”’ It may appear at first sight that such slight evidence as the above is not of much importance, but viewed in connection with other facts regarding the geographical distribution of animals in India, it is of no little interest. Mr. W. T. Blanford in a paper published in the Journal for 1867 gives a reswmé of the information of which he was then in possession as to the distribution of the lion in India during the present century. The most eastern locality he mentions is Sheorajpur, twenty-five miles to the west of Allahabad where a lion was killed in 1864, and he records another as having been killed in Rewah in 1866. I am inclined to believe in an inherent probability that the lion formerly occurred in Palamow from the fact that I have observed pecu- liarities in the fauna of that sub-division which serve to separate it from the regions surrounding it, and that in fact it should be regarded as an eastern prolongation of the Gangetic’ province of Blanford. In a paper published in the Proceedings “On the Mammals of the Mahanadi basin’’ I stated that so far as I then knew, the Indian Gazelle (G. Bennettii) did “ Govt. Lith. Press, Calcutta, and Transactions of the Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta, Vol. II, P. A. S. B. 1877, p. 168. A Mr, Rodgers on Coins of Gazni Sultans. [Jan. not occur to the east of Sirguja ; but since that time I have found that it is not uncommon in Palamow, having been seen by me as far east as Latiahar, Long. 84 35’ EH. Again in a paper on the distribution of birds throughout the region extending from the Ganges to the Godavari,* I have pointed out that there were indications that Palamow, in consequence of the occurrence within its limits of certain species would in all probability prove to belong to a region or sub-province of geographical distribution distinct from that which includes the rest of Chutia Nagpur. Although the lion mentioned by Surgeon Breton may have been a stray or solitary one, the fact that Palamow is up to the present day included in the range of the Gazelle, would seem to shew that it had not wandered beyond its legitimate province. This, taken with the fact that the Gazelle and some species of birds keep within these boundaries which are not limited on the south by more than an easily traversable range of hills, affords a case of limitation of distribution sufficiently remarkable to be worthy of permanent record. 3. A find of coins struck by Gazni Sultans in Lahore.—By C. J. RovgeErs, Principal, College Amritsar. Some time ago in wandering about the city of Amritsar, as I am pretty well known as an old coin collector, a young Sarraf asked me to jook at some coins he had just received. There were two small bags full of them, so I asked permission to take them home and examine them, at my leisure. This was readily granted. On getting them home I examined them, and they proved to be coins of Masaud I of Gazni, Mauddd, Abd-ur Rashid, Farrukhzad and Ibrahim, struck in Lahore. The coins of Masaud were of the horse and bull type with the name oye over the horse. But there were several varieties of this exceedingly rare coin. Several had the name just as I have written it. Some had des” y92%w0 which is very strange, as the two brothers were deadly enemies to each other. Some had 9945” o9%m©0 which is not so strange, as Masaud was son of Mahmtd. Some had osm which is only a variety of the first. I did not notice one with o+=* simply on it, although Thomas in the Chronicles of the Pathan kings says that Sir E. C. Bayley has one of these coins with Muhammad on it and one with Masaud.¢+ From this I infer that Mr. Thomas knew of no others. Before this find I had three of Masaud’s of this type, and the Rev. J. Doxie has one of Muham- mad. ‘Two of the coins of this find had a new name over the horse 939. There is no mint mark on these coins. But as they were found witha * Stray Feathers, Vol. VIII. + Thomas gives a figure of this coin of Masaud on p. 658. te ie TI 1881.] Mr. Rodgers on Coins of Gazni Sultans. 5 lot which were all of one mint, and as the whole of the coins were of the same style as to finish and as to metal, I infer that the few without mint names were of the same mint as those which had mint names. Hence I have no hesitation in calling these coins Lahore ones. The Gazni coins are altogether of another type as to execution of inscription and animal- drawing and metal. Of Maudid there were, besides the one type already mentioned, three other distinct types. They all had the bull on one side, and over it was the usual inscription in Hindi Sr¢ Samanta Deva. The obverses of the coins were covered with Arabic inscriptions round which were margins in Arabic giving originally the mint town and date. In these margins wherever the mint town comes, it is spelt ys) or Lohor. The inscrip- tions were :— (a) (b) Jos (c) =< ost oa wks eiestsst KS aod wl eis Ke J wrbS y ty} pare M bh} OLS et rl Vast Gd d9d9° o9c9” d95 50 The third type has not been published. The dates in the margin are four and five (only the wnt figures or words rather are on the coins). Hence as Maudud reigned from A. H. 432 to 440, the dates are 434 and 435 A. H. Of this third type there were only two. Of type (b) there were 19. Of type (a) no less than 35, but some of them were very much the worse for their being 800 years old. Of Abd-ur Rashid there were several types. All had the bull reverse. The obverse was covered with inscriptions in a circular area round which was a margin sometimes of dots, sometimes of words stating mint town and date. (a). Jos (b) Same as (a) (c). Jos Bat} dc only Arabic margins. Uootiic KL! ordiy Shel! or3}s O40 J) Ons JyOi0 933/ margin of elongated Oat Jf ous pear shaped dots. Arabic margin. A variety of (a) has instead of Jos the word e¥. A second variety of the same type has e A third type has a flower with a dot on each side of it. Of (a) were 5, of (b) 18, of (c) 8. Thomas marks (a) as “unique, my cabinet.” But his has not the word adl on it, only a dash to indicate its absence. 6 Mr. Rodgers on Coins of the Sikhs. [ Jan. The coins of Farrukhzad were of one type only, and the varieties were those of execution rather than of inscriptions. They had a bull on the reverse as usual. The obverse was occupied by an inscription with dotted margin. Joe A variety has ee instead of Jas UooStlen el* at wb oy The coins of Ibrahim were of two types only. Bull reverse. Obverse inscriptions in areas and on margins. | (a) Jos (b) Jos (49 of this oJ} xas (50 of this wl) wad} type.) KL pcb os type.) eset pee tt piel 9 at ol on margin y9%~_J on margin ys24J Besides these there were great quantities of coins of the ordinary bull and horseman type without any Arabic inscription on them. ‘The find was interesting as showing that these five sovereigns had more or less a hold on Lahore and therefore on the Panjab. Old coins of the different types were perhaps known before. But this find has revealed some new types and has given duplicates of previously esteemed unique ones. The coins were all of silver and copper. Some however seemed to have more silver in them than copper. Dr. Stiilpnagel, W. Theobald, Esq., Dav. Ross, Esq. and myself have secured a few of the best. The rest, - about five hundred, will of course find their way to the smelting pot. 4. On the Ooins of the Sikhs —By C. J. Ropeers, Principal, Normal College, Amritsar. (Abstract). In this paper the author reviews the history of the Sikhs from the time of Nanak to the battle of Gujrat, illustrating the later portion of that history by the help of the coins struck by the later Sikh leaders. “Tt was during the temporary occupation of Lahore by the Sikhs, about 1757, that the first Sikh rupee is said to have beenwstruck by Jassa Singh Kallal.” But this appears to be doubtful. The first undoubted Sikh rupees were struck in 1764 in Lahore and were called Gobind Shahi, not Nanak Shahi, as sometimes stated. The first Nanak Shahi rupees date from 1778. ‘The first rupees issued by Ranjit Singh are of 1800 1881.] Mr. de Roepstorff on the Nicobarese. 7 (z. e. 1857 Samvat). “ But they do not contain his name. Ranjit Singh put his name on nothing, gave his name to nothing. ‘The fort he built at Amritsar is called Gobind Garh, the garden he made there, Ram Bagh.” After the accession of Ranjit Singh rupees were struck regularly every year at Amritsar and Lahore, and after the conquest of Multan, also at the latter place. For some years his rupees show on the obverse, what looks like a double branch. This is supposed to represent a peacock’s tail. These coins are known as Mord Shahi rupees amongst the bankers ; and they are said to have been struck by Ranjit Singh, to gratify the desire of a favourite dancing-girl of his, who wished to have her name placed on his rupees. Another curious rupee of Ranjit Singh was struck at Lahore in 1836 (= Samvat 1893). The reverse has two figures on it, Nanak and his Mubammadan fellow-wanderer Mardana. It is the only one of the kind that Mr. Rodgers says he has seen. Another peculiarity is that all rupees struck after Samvat 1884 (A. D. 1827) and up to 1906 retain the date 1884 or 1885 on the reverse, while the real date is given on the obverse. This is explained by a superstitious notion of Ranjit Singh, that he would thereby prolong the number of the years of his life. The inscriptions on the Sikh coins are either in Persian or in Gurmukhi. - This paper will be published in the Journal, Part I. 5. Notes on the Inhabitants of the Nicobars.—By F. A. DE Rorp- storFr, cand. philos. F. R. Danish 8. Antiquaries, C. M. &. Dan. G.S8, and of the Berlin S. for Anthrop, Ethnol. and Antiquaries, fe. In the Proceedings of the Asiatic Society for July 1876 will be found a report on the inland tribe of Great Nicobar* in which I called attention to this tribe, and quoted what was authentically known about them. I mentioned the visit paid toa remote, and for the time being, deserted village on the Galatheat river by the members of the Danish expedition, and I quoted the description 7 ewxtenso. I then described a visit I paid to the Ganges harbourt where I saw a man and two boys belonging to the inland tribe, in whom I failed to see any trace of Negrito or Papuan origin, from which I concluded that the tribe living on the North end of the island is not of such origin as has been supposed. There were at the time sufficient facts to connect him-with the Galathea village. His cooking- pot I saw: it was formed (like the one in the Galathea village) of a sheet of bark, and as it was standing on the fire-place with the remains of his last meal, there was no mistake about it. He also produced the same sort of spear * The largest and most southern of the Nicobar Islands. ¢ Running out into the south bay of the Island. { Near the north-west point of Great Nicobar. 8 Mr. de Réepstorff on the Nicobarese. [ JAN. as that found south, and also the same bark-made cloth. His height was 5 ft. 85 in., which showed clearly that no “ ito”? could be added to his name. From 1876 until the present day, I have always wished to make further enquiries into the question, because I found that the different tribes were described very differently by the Nancowry men who had seen them or had heard of them. When the settlement at Nancowry was opened in 1870, Okpank (Capt. Johnson), a Nancowry man, went on a visit to Calcutta. On return- ing he stayed some time at Port Blair with Major Protheroe, and when he saw an Andamanese for the first time, he at once said to Major Protheroe in Malay, that the Andamanese was like a tribe that lived in the interior of Shambelong (Great Nicobar), and seemed afraid of him. Since that time parties of Andamanese have at different times been at Nancowry, but the ~ people there now deny that they resemble at all the Great Nicobar inland tribe. Yet that Okpank who isa sharp observer, should have shown such a fright on seeing the Andamanese seems very peculiar, for it could not have been acting on his part, as he did not know that we had any knowledge of the Shom-Bengs of Great Nicobar, or that he had seen them. To me it seemed probable, that there was some resemblance which at first sight reminded him of them, but which on nearer acquaintance might not be so very striking. Since then the theory of an zaland tribe in the Andamans has been com- pletely explored and exploded, for several expeditions have been made, and the unknown tribes, so called, are found to be a few migratory clusters of men with free access to the sea, and occupying the seacoast and creeks without making any attempt at cultivation. No boats of any description have been found, and in their camping places no sea shells of salt-water-food were seen, but this does not preclude, in my opinion, other encampments existing where such and other produce of the sea would be found. On the 26th October last, [again started to Great Nicobar. The plan was to go to Pulo Milo, and to take one man and a little canoe on board to land in. On the morning of the 27th we, however, found ourselves set too easterly, s0 we’ proceeded straight to Galathea Bay. The weather was very boiste- rous and we could not effect a landing, and the morning of the 29th found us again at the N. E. end of Great Nicobar. It was now our intention to anchor off Pulo Condul, and I would from thence have made an attempt to get to their villages by the help of my friends at Condul, but a canoe that came off warned us, that there had been ten deaths among the little popula- tion of Condul (Lamongshe), and that all the inhabitants had fled. The two men that had come off said that we should be able to meet Shom-Bengs not very far off, and they showed us a good anchorage off the village Laful (Trinent). This village lies about four or five miles south of the N. HE. Point of Great Nicobar. The wind died away, and we had to anchor 1881.] Mr. de Roepstorff on the Nicobarese. 9 some two miles off. We had brought a Nicobar man from Camorta, and after describing to him what we wanted to do, he was allowed to go ashore with the two who had come off, and who were engaged as our guides. In the cool of the evening some of the ship’s officers and I landed at the village. It consists of 7 or 8 houses, and lies to the north of a creek. Our Camorta guide met us on landing, helplessly drunk ; he was boisterous and tried to contradict and counteract us in everything. We found the whole village in mourning, and outside the first house we entered we found the usual sacrifices to the spirits, consisting of cocoanut shells, pandanus bread, troughs and other things belonging to women, which were broken, cut up, and destroyed, which indicated that the sacrifice was for a woman, and so it was, for a woman had died while the men were out at our ship. There she lay still and peaceful, as if she were sleeping. Friends and relatives had assembled and brought gifts. of cloth, which were stacked up beside her; they put silver bangles on her feet andarms. ‘They were very quiet, but their grief did not however, prevent them from being curious as to what we wanted, what we had brought with us, and what we were going to take away. ‘They were rather disappointed at my assuring them that our visit was solely intended to open out communications with the Shom-Bengs (or Pengs). They all assured me that they were in this neighbourhood, and the two men who came off in the morning promised to go up with us, and so also did a woman and her husband who knew them well. While we were in the village the corpse was moved toa larger house and the crying over the dead commenced, Although they all were very much concerned in the mourning, I must say, that they were very hospita- ble. We were offered seats and young cocoanuts, and some men and women remained to entertain us. The whole place was however as if quite taken up with the dead, and I was heartily glad to get on board again. A restless fever night made me rather doubtful whether I could under- take the expedition inthe morning. Captain Simpson, of the “ Constance,” kindly offered to come with me, and, with some refreshments packed up, a dry suit, and a bag with presents, we started. At daybreak we landed at Laful. No one was to be seen, but after a while our Camorta man turned up, sober and very sorry (so he said) for his behaviour over night. I warned him that if he would make that good, he must get hold of our second guide (one I had kept on board during the night), and in a few minutes we were off. We entered the creek, and as there isa surf the canoe was sent round first. Just inside the surf we got in and, with three Nico- barese to paddle, started. No scenery can compare as far as J have seen the world, with the luxuriance, beauty and solemnity of the creeks in these islands. They are generally land-locked and the most absolute silence reigns. The light-green mangrove with its many roots in the salt and 10 Mr. de Roepstorff on the Nicobarese. [J an. brackish water, the Dhunny palm, pandanus, rotangs, and, now and then where higher land skirts the water, foliaceous trees, together with reed- like plants, creepers, and orchids, all pass in succession before the eyes, all graceful forms, which seemingly pour out of the grim muddy soil, so that it is like a fairy land to those who visit it for the first time. In this creek the formation was, however, past the mangrove stage, and only a few of these trees appeared every now and then. At one place a ficus had thrown a root right across a branch of the creek, and had formed almost like a wall. We shot past it, and after a journey of about a mile and a half we landed. An oar was stuck in the mud inside the enclosure made by the outrigger, and the canoe was left. We then proceeded across a large piece of alluvial soil covered with-fine grass (not the Savanna Lalang of Camorta), with panda- nus and cocoanut plantations. We passed through a village and our guides left their dhaos (heavy Burmese knives some 12 to 18 inches long) in one of the houses. After a while, we struck into the same stream which had carried our boat. It was now no longer fit for canoes, it was rather broad, and ran between boulders with turnings right and left. On the whole we could see by the sun that it kept about the direction west, a little southerly. Occasionally we scrambled out of the stream, and found our way near its side or over some flat short cut of its windings. On one of these we came across a rattan put in the ground like an arch about 5feet 8 inches high. One of our guides pointed to it, and said it was some joke (méloe) of the Shom-Bengs. - | Again a little further on, one of the guides pointed out to me a dhao stuck in a tree, and almost immediately after we came upon a cleared spot, The trees had been felled and the undergrowth cleared away, but it was again nearly covered with secondary growth. Init there were some plantain trees carefully planted out, the young ones hedged in, and 4 Shom-Beng huts. The three huts were evidently intended for habitation, and the fourth either for cooking purposes or for a storehouse ; the latter was only 33 feet raised from the ground, and was covered with rotangleares. The three houses were 6 feet in length by 4 feet in breadth. They consisted of sticks, 2 or 3 inches thick, in the ground tied together with rattan. About 3 feet from the ground was a platform with overlaying cloven thin stems of some palm, the flat sur- face uppermost. The roof consisted of 5 or 6 pieces of bark laid across the ridgestick and resting on thick rotangs. These huts stood N. and S. and the ends were open. I might compare them to rough six-posted bedsteads made for a night’s rest by travellers on a journey, they certainly could not contain more than a couple each. On the ground round the huts were the remains of their meals. The most notable were some navicelle and other freshwater and landshells, and the worked out scales of the pandanus trees, which show that they have learnt the secret of making larome (4. ¢., pan-— 5 ee eee ee eee 1881.] My. de Réepstorff on the Nicobarese. bal danus bread) from the Coast people. I would not suggest that this panda- nus bread had been made by Coast-women on a visit because it is a very slow process. The layer of these shells and husks was so thin that it showed that this clearing was not old, for their meals had not got time to grow into a Kidkkenmiddding. The rain then began pouring down violently and the guides were anxious to return. I showed them, however, what they might expect if we actual- ly came across the people, and as they could not withstand the promise of possessing a couple of plated spoons, they decided that they would find them. As the rain was heavy the guides left our dry clothes in one of the Shom-Beng houses, a sign, it seemed to me, that property is pretty safe with _ these people. We then started, and now our guides were very energetic. The road led us up the stream we had hitherto ascended, and it was a des- perate scrambling over big, slippery stones, through waterpools, now and then along the sides of the streams. The natives with their naked feet felt none of the inconvenience we did. One guide disappeared ahead, and it was with great trouble we kept the others with our party. The sun was pretty high when we came to a shady nook where we were to commence climbing the hills. I now resisted and said that the guides must go on, and that we would await their return as it seemed to me useless to go any further, if we were not sure of coming across the people. We only kept the Nancowry man with us. The stream made a turn at this place and formed a big pool. The west side of the stream was bordered by a precipitous cliff, and on our side a few flat rocks gave us a resting-place. ‘The same abundance of vegetation as at the Andamans presented itself on all sides. Trees were growing immediately on the rock, between them was a dense undergrowth of rattans and other palms; up the the trunks of the trees were ferns growing, and the tops were interwoven with creepers. Green leaves in every shade from the faded ones that the eurrent carried away past us to the finest light-green were to be seen, but there were no flowers visible. The shade where we lay was complete and cool, and the steadily falling rain helped to keep us from feeling the sun. I noticed that not one little fish nor a shrimp made its appearance and the Nancowry man showed us the artificial stone settings of the Shom-Bengs all along, and said that the stream was well worked by them, and that whenever the rain was not too heavy they scoured it of everything eatable. As the rain became hea- vier we retreated under the lee of a big tree sitting on the rock under its roots, and were beginning after an hour’s waiting to feel rather cool. Sud- denly the scene changed. To our left was half hidden to us the spot where our guides had disappeared. 12 Mr. de Roepstorff on the Nicobarese. [Jan. We heard a shout and found that the two guides were there and a Shom-Beng with them. It was the latter who had shouted. He had a spear in his hand and seemed very much afraid, but after a little talk he threw his spear down, and came at once up to me and seated himself quite close, nearly hugging me. One look at him sufficed to assure me that Ihad now come across a specimen of a curly-haired race, Papuan or Negrito. His hair was bushy and with rather a bend, and was very abundant. It covered the whole surface of his head and was not like the hair of an Andaman Negrito, of the Papuan of New Guinea or of the Negro found in tufts or patches. It had, however, the Papuan quality of being long, longer than the hair of the Andamanese ever is. This hair was, or appeared to be, brownish, interspersed with white, was very coarse and stiff, and gave an exaggerated appearance of size to his head. I beg to enclose a lock of his hair for the examination of the Society. His face was pleasant, especially when smiling, his forehead was high, his eyes were black, his nose well formed and arched, his upper lip was remarkably prominent from the base, his underlip small, his teeth were black but of natural size.* One tooth was loose, but he could not be prevailed on to part with it. His colour was copper-brown and a shade fairer than our Great Nicobar and Camorta guides. His complexion did not at all remind me of the deep shining black of the Andaman Negrito. His name was Koal. He had his private parts tied up, but in such a loose way, that it was evident that the Coast people are right when they assert that the male Shom-Bengs go quite naked in their own haunts. I asked to be allowed to go to his place, but he begged of us not to do so, as his wife and three children would be frightened ; he promised, how- ever, that if we would return, he would in the evening follow us toa certain house of the Coast people with his wife and children. AsTI had got the main point settled, namely, that there is a curly-haired race in the island, we came to terms. He allowed me to cut off some of his hair with a curious grin. The spear he brought with him had a handle with an iron spike ; he gave it me and on it I cut a notch for his height. His height was 5 ft. 3} in. (English measure). Half a bundle of tobacco made him very happy and I gave him some handkerchiefs for his wife. We parted on good terms and he said that he would towards evening come with his family and bring presentsforme. He promised to bring me their spears, some of their bark-made cloth (eek ‘3 bark) and some produce of his garden. We then went back. The rain had swollen the stream, and where we had before gone dry shod, we had now to go in water, but the satisfaction of having succeeded in seeing a typical specimen of this curious "people made * The Coast people have their teeth very much enlarged, see the latter part of this paper. 1881. ] Mr. de Roepstorff on the Nicobarese. 13 the road easy. When we reached the deserted Shom-Beng village we were very glad to turn into their houses, Mr. Simpson in one and I in another. The rain was pouring down very heavily, but the house I was in was per- fectly dry. From the sheltered position of the village and the direction of the houses, the rain very rarely would beat in heavily. The shelter we gratefully acknowledged, and we faithfully shared our breakfast with the guides, who stared at every mouthful we took, Our claret they scorned ; they do not appreciate anything between water and arrack. We reached the hut that was appointed as our meeting place, and having sent on our guides to bring clothes and food, we made ourselves comfortable in the house which was deserted at the time. At about 5p. m. the Shom-Beng turned up. By this time the-house was fullof people. He looked quite a different man. In the morning he had a pleasant expres- sion full of smiles, perhaps he was also a good deal excited. Now he looked fagged and tired, and he had also reason to be so. He brought two enor- mous bundles of plantains as well as three spears. When I in the morning asked him for something from his garden I meant some rootfruits, not plantains, but I forgot to say so. I wanted to see whether he cultivated like the Shom-Beng I met in 1876. The spears he brought were the same wooden spears that the Galathea expedition obtained in the deserted village, and the same as those I obtained in Ganges harbour in 1876, so that I had there a link that connected the three tribes. He said his wife was unwell and could not come, but he promised me that if I would return another time she would come down. After some pretty speeches on both sides and counter- presents on my side we parted. I beg to forward with this paper a specimen of Koal’s (the Shom-Beng’s) hair, and hair of two Andamanese lads from the neighbourhood of Port Blair, also one of the spears he brought me, which is the typical Shom-Beng spear without any attached spear-head. It will on examination be seen how very different the samples of hair forwarded are in structure and colour. On talking with the Coast people about his hair I mentioned to them, that at the Ganges harbour I had met a different sort of man, tall, and with smooth hair, and they at once said: “ Yes this is a bad Shom- Beng, there are others, but far away, that have hair like us and that look like us, he is a bad specimen.” As the result of my visit I conclude that there is an element of Papuan origin in the island, that it is only found among the people living inland (7. e., cut off from the sea and communication with the outer world) and that this element is strongly mixed with another not curly- haired race. What the proportion is I cannot say, but the assertion I have so often read, but never seen confirmed by ocular evidence, about a curly-haired race in the interior of Great Nicobar is true. Whether the 14 Mr. de Riepstorff on the Nicobarese. [ Jan. Andaman Negrito and this tribe are related is very doubtful. The inter- mixture with another element may have been so strong that only a trace remains of the origin. My opinion is that it is a Papuan and nota Negrito tribe, but I hope by further investigations to settle this matter. The people of the Nicobars have all black teeth, owing to the chavica leaf which is chewed together with areca nut and quick shell-lime. The teeth of the natives are however,in the islands of Camorta, Nancowry, Trinkut, Katchall, Great and Little Nicobar, often of an enormous size. A very similar case is reported by Mr. v. Mikludo-Maclay who in the Admiralty Islands found a big-toothed people. His paper is interesting, and it is carefully illustrated.* Mr. v. Mikludo-Maclay shows in his illustrations angel teeth, mostly of the upper jaw, but he says expressly, ‘“‘ Hiufiger waren es die Schneidezihne des Oberkiefers, die vergrdssert waren, aber auch nicht selten zeigten die des Unterkiefers dieselbe Eigenthiimlichkeit. With the Nicobarese, I find the teeth of the lower jaw more commonly enlarged. Mr. v. Mikludo-Maclay states that these enormous teeth serve as “chewing plates’ (kawplatten) and in every word of his description it suits the Nicobarese except in the one that they are a mixed-Malay tribe and the Admiralty-Islanders Melanesians. The teeth of the Nicobarese are white till they begin to eat chavica at the age of six or seven or even before. The enormous development of the teeth begins to show in middle age. They chew quick shell-lime with their areca and chaviea, and this produces the phenomenon. Mr. v. Mikludo-Maclay, could not make a collection of their teeth as they would not submit to have them pulled out. Owing to the lucky circumstance that the Nicobarese keep the big teeth they lose, I have been able to make a collection, part of which I beg to present to the Society. Owing to the enormous growth of their teeth the lips in many persons never meet for years till the last big tooth is lost. I beg to draw attention to the curious fact that the Nancowry people have wild pigs domesticated. I often wondered why the little pigs born in the villages were striped and marked like the litter of wild sows. This is the explanation. All male pigs that are born in the villages are without fail castrated and the sows are well fed. At night fall all the pigs assem- ble under the house they belong to and are fed by the woman.of the house, but during the day they roam in the jungle. It is during these rambles that they meet the wild boars who are fathers to all the litters in the villages. Although instances have happened that a few pigs have been introduced, this is so rare, that it may be said that it is the wild pig of the Nicobars that lives domesticated. * Vide Berliner Gesellschaft fir Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte ; Sitzuug von 16 Dec. 1876. 1881 ] Library. 15 Mr. Batt said :—‘ IT have heard the paper by Mr. de Roepstorff with very great interest as I have always held* in opposition to his formerly expressed views that there was sufficient testimony in favour of the opinion that the interior of the Great Nicobar ‘was inhabited by a race of people totally distinct from those living on the Coast,and who were most probably closely allied to the Andamanese. “Col. Yule in his ‘Mareo Polo’ and Mr. Distant in a late number of the Anthropological Institute’s Journal both state that they had been informed by Col. Mann, late Superintendent of the Nicobar Islands that some Nicobarese on a visit to Port Blair had pointed spontaneously to the Andamanese as being like the inland race of the Great Nicobar. Mr. de Roepstorff says that the so-called Capt. Johnson, a Nicobarese, also saw the same resemblance when he was at Port Blair, though other Nicobarese at Nancowry denied the resemblance. ‘‘The man whom Mr. de Roepstorff describes in this paper under the title Shom-Beng is clearly not closely allied to the Andamanese. His colour and the character of the hair now exhibited prove that ; but whether he can really be regarded as a typical example of the inland race is of course open to question. No safe generalisation can be made from the characters of a single individual, the more especially of one who seems to have been on terms of intimacy with the coast people. A number of these people who live shut out from intercourse with the coast people must be examined before any conclusive result can be obtained.” At the close of the meeting the Rev. Mr. Dall read some extracts from a letter describing portions of the work done by the United States Coast Survey officers during the past season. The following communication has been received :—Notes on Serohi Division, Western Rajputana (S.) Railway, by J. W. Parry, ©. E. ph BRARY. The following additions have been made to the Library since the meeting held in December last. TRANSACTIONS, PROCEEDINGS AND JOURNALS, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Berlin. 1K. preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften ,—Monatsbericht, August 1880. * Vide Jungle life in India, p, 379. 16 Library. [ Jan. Bombay. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol. X, Pt. 114, January 1881. Bordeaux. Société de Geographie Commerciale,—Bulletin, Nos. 22-23. Calcutta. Geological Survey of India,—Memoirs, Vol. II, Pts. I-II. Geneva. Museo Civico di Storia Naturali,j—Annali, Vol. XV. Konigsberg. Physikalisch-dkonomische Gesellschaft,—Schriften, 1876-79, and Part I of 1880. Leipzig. Deutsche morgenliindische Gesellschaft,—Zeitschrift, Vol. XXXIV, Parts 2 and 3, 1880. Lisbon, Sociedad de Geographia, Boletin,—Second series, No. 1. London. Royal Astronomical Society, Monthly Notices, Vol. XL, No. 9. Royal Microscopical Society,—Journal, Vol. III, No. 5, October 1880. Royal Geographical Society,—Proceedings, Vol. II, No. 11, November 1880. The Linnean Society, Journal, Botany,—Vol. XVIT, Nos. 103- 105, Vol. XVIII, Nos. 106-107. ; —, ——-—. Zoology,—Vol. XIV, No. 80, Vol. XV, Nos. 81, 82, and 83. ---—_—— —-————, Transactions, Botany,—Vol. I, Pts. VII, —$ — —————, ———————_ Zoology, Vol. II, Pt. IL. , List of Fellows,—November 1st 1879. The Royal Society,—Proceedings, Vol. XXXI, No. 206. Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland,—Journal, Vol. X, No. 1, August 1880. ——. Statistical Society,—Journal, Vol. XLIII, Part 3. ——. The Academy,—Nos. 444 to 449. ——. The Atheneum, Nos. 2768 to 2772. Nature,—Vol. XXII, Nos. 568-569, 572, and Vol. XXIII, Nos. 576-580, and Index to Vol. XXII. ; Moscow. Société Impériale des Naturalistes,—Bulletin, Vol. LV, No. 1, 1880. Paris, Journal Asiatique,—Vol. XVI, No. 2, August to September 1880. La Société de Géographie,—Bulletin, Vol. XX, August 1880. Pisa. Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali,—Atti, Vol. IV, 2. Roma. Societa degli Spettroscopisti Italianii—Memorie, Dispensa 6, 7 and 8; June to August 1880. Washington. Smithsonian Institution,—Miscellaneous Collections, Vols. XVI, and XVII. ——. Contributions to Knowledge,—Vol. XXII, ll. ————. Annual Report for 1878. } % 8 v 5 4 1881.] Library. 17 Wien. K. K. Central-Anstalt fiir Meteorologie und Erdmagnetismus,— Jahrbiicher, Vol. XV, Part I; Vol. XVI, Pt. 1. Yokohama. The Asiatic Society of Japan,—Transactions, Vol. VIII, Eb, 2. Pooks, presented by the Authors. Tempe, Lizut. R.C. An Account of the Country traversed by the Second Column of the Tal Chotiali Field Force in the spring of 1879. With a map. 8vo. London, 1880. WurnFietp, E. H. Gulshan-i-Raz: the Mystic Rose Garden of Sa’d- ud din Mahmud Shabistari. The Persian Text, with an English Trans- lation and Notes, chiefly from the Commentary of Muhammad Bin Yahya Lahiji. 4to. London, 1880. MiscELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS, Annual Report on Inland Emigration for the year 1879-80. Fep., Cal- cutta, 1880. Report on the Administration of the Salt Department for the year 1879-80. Fep., Calcutta, 1880. Annual Report on Emigration from the Port of Calcutta to British and Foreign Colonies for 1879-80. Fep, Calcutta, 1880. General Report of Public Instruction in Bengal. Fep. Calcutta, 1880. Indian Forester,—Vol. VI, No. 11, October 1880. Breneat Govt. Rade, P. C. Hindu Matrimony, an Essay written under the explicit orders of Capt. the Lord William Beresford, V. C., Aide-de Camp to H. E, the Viceroy. 8vo., Calcutta, 1880. Surgnon-Masor A, F. BrapsHaw. Watsinenam, Lorp. Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the British Museum. Part IV. North- American Tortricide. 4to., London, 1879. British Museum. SEWELL, R. Report on the Amaravati Tope, and excavations on its site in 1877. 4to., London, 1880. Mvcuer, F. Max. Sacred Books of the East Vols, IV, Vand. Vii. DaRMESTETER, J. The Vendidad, Part I. West, E. W. Pahlavi Texts. Jouty, J. The Institutes of Vishnu. Home, Rev. anp AaRit. DEpt. 18 Library. [ Jan. SrweELL, R. Report on the Amaravati Tope, and excavations on its site in 1877. 4to., London, 1880. Manpras Govt. Durr, Upay Cuanp. Nidana, a Sanskrit System of Pathology. Trans- lated into Bengali. 8vo., Calcutta, 1880. Dr. R. L. Mrrra. Report on the Administration of the Government of the North-West Provinces and Oudh for the year ending 31st March 1880. 8vo., Allaha- bad, 1880. Govt., N. W. PRovinces. Report on the Sanitary Administration of the Panjab for the year 1879. 4to., Lahore, 1880. PangJaB Govt. CorssEN, W. Ueber die Sprache der Etrusker, 2 Vols. 8vo., Leipzig, 1874-75. Hon. WHITLEY STOKES. Auten, J. A. History of North-American Pinnipeds ; a monograph of the Walruses, Sea-Lions, Sea-Bears and Seals of North America. 8vo., Washington, 1880. Dept. oF THE InrERIoR, U. S. AMERICA. CuamBERS, F. Brief sketch of the Meteorology of the Bombay Presi- dency in 1879. 8vo., Bombay, 1880. Cuampers, F. Abnormal Variations of Barometric Pressure in the Tropics, and their relation to Sunspots, Rainfall and Famine. Fecp., Bombay, 1880. | METEOR. REPORTER FOR WESTERN INDIA. PERIODICALS fu RCHASED. Berlin. Journal fur reine und angewandte Mathematik,—Vol. XC, No. 2. . Calcutta. Indian Medical Gazette,—Vol. XV, No. 12, Dec. 1880. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles,—Vol. IV, No. 11, November 1880. Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—Nos. 47-51. Nachrichten,—Nos. 17-19. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XI, No. 3. — : Beiblatter,—Vol, IV, Nos. 10 and 11. London, Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol. XXVIII, Nos. 1461-64. - . Journal of Botany,—Vol. IX, No, 215. ————, Chemical News,—Vol. XLII, Nos. 1094-1098. ———. Entomologist,—Vol. XIII, No. 210. ———. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,—Vol. XVII, No. 198. 1881.] | Library. 19 London. Messenger of Mathematics,—Vol. X, No. 6. Annals and Magazine of Natural History,—Vol. VI, No. 35. ——. Nineteenth Century,—Vol. VIII, No. 45. — —. Numismatic Chronicle,—Vol. XIX, No. 74. . London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine,—Vol. X, No. 68. Publishers’ Cireular, Vol. XLIII, Nos. 1036 and 1037. The Journal of Science,—Vol. II, No. 83. _ New Gen. American Journal of Science, Vol. XX, No. 118. New York. Academy of Sciences, Vol. I, Nos. 1-13. Lyceum of Natural History,—Vol. XI, No. 13 (Index and Contents). Paris. Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Vol. XXI, November 1880. Comptes Rendus,—Vol. XCI, Nos. 18-22. . Revue Critique, Vol. X, Nos. 45-49. Paris. Revue de Linguistique,—Vol. XIII, No. 4. Revue des deux Mondes,—Vol. XLII, Nos. 2 and 3. ——,. ‘Journal des Savants,—November, 1880. ——. Revue Scientifique,—Vol. XIX, Nos. 20-24. Books PURCHASED, Arpertis, L. M. p’. New Guinea: what I did and what I saw. 2 Vols. Svo., London, 1880, GuntHER, Dr. A. An Introduction to the Study of Fishes. 8vo., Edinburgh, 1880. Leeee, Carr. W. V. A History of the Birds of Ceylon, Part III. 4to., London, 1880. PiscHEeL, RicwHarp. Hemacandra’s Grammatik der Prakritsprachen (Siddhahemacandram Adhyaya VIII) mit kritischen und erlauternden Anmerkungen, Pt. I. Rl. 8vo., Halle, 1877. Swinton, A. H. Insect Variety: its Propagation and Distribution. 8vo., London. Wauiacs, A. R. Island Life: or the Phenémena and Causes of Insular Faunas and Floras, including a Revision and attempted Solution of the Problem of Geological Climates. 8vo., London, 1880. Wartz, Av. The Atomic Theory. Translated by HE. Glowenaneee 8m. 8vo., London, 1880. £ is ite f ?. cal » Stee dy “i PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. FoR FEBRUARY, 1881, ee The Annual Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 2nd of February, 1881, at 9 p.m. H. B. Mepticort, Esq., F. R. 8., President, in the Chair, The PresipENT then addressed dhe meeting, saying : “ GENTLEMEN,—You have been summoned for this evening to hold the annual meeting, the first business of which is the election of officers for the ensuing year. I am sorry to have to tell you, and the chief blame must fall upon myself, it has been discovered at the last moment that some in- formality has occurred in the preparation of the lists, making it advisable to postpone the election till the April meeting. Meanwhile we must call Rule 47 into operation which provides—that if any such failure should occur, the present Council should continue to hold office until their successors shall be duly appointed.”’ The PrEesIpDENT then called upon the Secretary to read the Annual Report. ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1880, The Council, in presenting their usual report, have to congratulate the Society on the satisfactory condition of its affairs, especially as regards the number of members. At the end of December 1880, there was a larger number of paying members on its books than there has ever been, with the exception of the year 1874, when there were 312 against 311 of last year. The total number of elections during the past year has been 46, two of which were cancelled. By withdrawals the Society has lost 10 ordi- nary members, by death 2, and six by removal under Rules 38 and 40; resulting in a net increase of 26. The total number of members at the close 22 Annual Report. [Frs. of the year was thus 355. Of these, 30 are absent from India and pay no subscriptions, 112 are Resident, 184 Non-Resident, 15 Foreign, and 14 Life Members. The following table shows the fluctuations in fhe number of Ordinary Members for the past 6 years. PAYING. Non-Payine. REVO) soos ee a ere Torat. Total. | Resident. heave “| Foreign. | Life. | Absent. 1875 292 113 79 an 3 50 345 1876 294 119 175 be 5 48 347 1877 290 113 165 14 9 46 345 1878 285 117 153 15 13 29 327 1879 281 i AB 154 16 12 36 329 1880 311 112 184 15 14 30 355 During the year two members compounded for their future subscrip- tions, viz, Dr. R. A. Barker and Pandit Mohanlal Vishnulal Pandia, thus raising the number of Life Members to 14. The following are the names of the members who died during the year :—Honorary Member, Sir J. W. Colvile; Corresponding Member, Rev. M. A. Sherring ; Ordinary Members, H. L. Dennys and Thakur Giri Prasad Singh. Of these deceased members whose loss the Society has to recret, Sir J. W. Colvile had in former times taken a very active part in the management of the Society’s affairs, for he was President for 10 years from 1848 to 1858, besides being on the Council for several years pre- viously. Mr. M. A. Sherring had contributed a paper to the Society in 1870 on the Coins of the Sharqi Kings of Jaunpur, and was well known as the author of the “ Sacred City of the Hindus,’’ “Hindu Tribes and Castes,” &e. Indian Museum. The only presentation made to the Society, and transferred to the Indian Museum, during the year, was the skin and skull of a specimen of Lagomys rufescens, from the Safed Koh Range, forwarded to the Society by Dr. J. E. T. Aitchison. Mr. J. Crawfurd tendered his resignation as Trustee of the Indian Museum on behalf of the Society in April, and Mr. A. Pedler was appoint- ed in his place. Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle and Messrs. Tawney and Beverley have acted as Trustees throughout the year, and Dr. T. R. Lewis up to the time of his resignation as member of the Council, in July. 1881.] Annual Report. a 8 Finance. The accounts, which will be found in the Appendix, are issued for the first time in a new form. While less voluminous they will be found more complete, as they include the value of the Stock, and show in Statement No. 4 the outstandings, how these have originated, and whether due vigilance has been exercised in getting them in. It will be seen that the Government grants are not only distinctly accounted for, as required by Government, but they form a portion of a general account. As the Society is strictly liable for these funds, no account of the Society’s affairs, proper, could be complete without the incorporation of its liabilities on account of these grants; andif the Society had mismanaged these grants, the fact, that the accounts of them were kept absolutely distinct from those of the Society, would not in any way absolve the Society from its responsibility to Government. The previous system of keeping an absolutely separate account of each grant and one of the Society’s affairs was therefore unnecessary and cumbersome ; Statements 4, 7, and 8 are genétal and state the Society’s affairs completely. The establishment employed, an Accountant and a Cashier, has been reduced to one man only, whereby a saving of about Rs. 30 a sinh has been effected. The large Cash balance formerly kept has been reduced by the surplus being invested; this has increased the Society’s income, at present, by about 450 Rupees a year. The rules prescribe that the invest- ments be kept in two separate funds termed a permanent and a temporary fund. Admission and commutation fees were kept in a separate bank account, and the rules prescribe they be invested as soon as possible after receipt thereof. Trust funds were also kept in separate bank accounts, and the servants’ pension fund separately invested. This complicated way of dealing with these matters is quite un- necessary with complete accounts, and it has the serious objection of intro- ducing complications which hinder clear statements and proper checking of the accounts. Nor does this complication afford any additional security or other advantage. All that is necessary is to keep the Cash balance as low and the investments as high as possible, raise the amount prescrib- ed as a permanent reserve fund as deemed desirable, and if it be desired that commutation and admission fees be added to the permanent reserve, the Council may annually increase the permanent reserve by at least the amount received during the year under these heads. The complete adoption of these suggestions would require some modification of rules 67, 68, 69 and 70. (For the annual accounts, see Appendix,) 24 Annual Report. [Frs. The following is the estimate for income and expenditure for the year 1881. RECEIPTS. Subscriptions Rs. 7,500 Sale of Publications aus 1,500 Admission Fees ae 4 ie 1,000 Commutations oe LA ra on 300 Interest... he tes sh due 6,000 Rs. 16,300 EXPENDITURE, Salaries Rs. 4,250 Printing uh he ae a 3,850 Plates See = $s Ss 2,460 Books ose de i Be 1,700 Binding ... Bee aa me vs 500 Building ... me re — ae 300 Pensions ... ee a fA ie 186 Taxes ae fe ae iA ey. 780 Freight... oe a x eat 50 Meeting charges ua oe bark fs 100 Periodicals purchased locally ab ¥s a 60 Lighting ... Sek ee we ae 80 Stationery ... se — 5 i 300 Contingencies as ie a oe 400 Postage... si ae sae a6 500 Furniture ... yi 3 be bes Mie 50 Commission ove ae ba pe 250 Rs. 15,816 London Agency. Messrs. Triibner and Co.’s account, rendered up to the end of 1879, showed a balance due from the Society of £72-8-33. The sale of the Society’s publications amounted to £62-4-0, and of the Bibliotheca Indica to £40-10-0. During the year 1880, twenty invoices were received from Messrs. Tribner of books purchased and of publications of different Scientific Socie- ties sent in exchange. The value of the books purchased amounted to £107-12-8. 1881. ] Annual Report. 25 The number of copies of parts of the Bibliotheca Indica, Journal and Proceedings sent to England for sale amounted to 1803. Of the Bibliotheca Indica 687 were despatched, of the Journal 832, and of the Proceedings 284. In consequence of the reduction in the postal rates, the Council have decided in future to send all publications, intended for Societies and Mem- bers in Europe, by post instead of through Messrs, Triibner and Co. Library. The additions to the Library numbered 1619 volumes or parts of volumes ; 784 of which are presentations and 835 purchases. The Council have much pleasure in announcing that the manuscript Catalogue of the books in the Library is now ready, and that arrangements are being made for printing it. In last year’s report it was stated that the Assistant Secretary had done about one fourth of the work of revision. As the Council found that, owing to the pressure of current work, the Assistant Secretary could give but little of his time to the Catalogue, arrangements were made with Mr. Dreyer of the Indian Museum to com. plete it for Rs. 600. : Copies will be supplied gratis to members and to the Societies with whom the Society exchanges publications. The Library itself has been put into better order, and four new book cases have been purchased for Rs. 1000. The state of the Oriental Department of the Library has been investi- gated by a special Committee appointed for the purpose, consisting of C. H. Tawney, Esq., Dr. R. L. Mitra, Major H. S. Jarrett, Babu P. C, Ghosha, the President and the Secretaries. A Pandit and a Munshi have been engaged temporalily on Rs. 35 a month each, to catalogue and arrange the books and MSS., so as to make this Department of the Library more accessible to members than it hag hitherto been. Publications. Four numbers of Part I of the Journal have been published during the year, consisting of 218 pages, with 22 plates and two maps; also the 4th number of this part for 1879, consisting of 43 pages, with 12 plates. An extra number of this part of the Journal has also been published, being a Turki Vocabulary by the late Mr. R. B. Shaw with an appendix by Dr. J. Scully giving a list of Turki names of Birds and Plants. This number consists of 226 pages. Three numbers of the second part of the Journal have been published comprising 180 pages of letter press and 11 plates; and the 4th number completing the Volume, is to be issued in a few days. No number 4 of this part for 1879 was published. 26 Annual Report. [ Fes. Of the Proceedings, 10 numbers have been issued, amounting to 211 pages with 10 plates. The stock of the Society’s publications and of the works belonging to the Bibliotheca Indica Series has been taken. This has been a very trouble- some and heavy work as it has not been attempted for years, and the parts of the different books had to be sorted and arranged before the number of copies of each could be ascertained. The stock in the Society’s possession has been shown to be much greater than anticipated, and several copies of old works, which were thought to be completely out of stock, have been brought to light. A new list of books for sale will shortly be printed. The stock amounts to about 2,05,700 separate numbers or fasciculi, representing about 162 different works or volumes of the Journal, Proceedings, &e. Building. The amount spent on repairs during the year was Rs. 343-4-0. Four beams had to be changed at a cost of Rs. 112, and Rs. 55 were spent by the Society in substituting 4 iron pillars for the stone ones formerly supporting the staircase. Coin Cabinet. There has been a very large number of additions during the year under review ; altogether 247. Only four among these, however, were purchased ; the remainder, 248 were presentations. The four coins which were purchased are gold mohurs, one of Jalal-ud- din Feroz Shah bin Tughlaq. They were obtained from the Magistrate of Budaon under the Treasure Trove Act. Among the presentations there are four silver (one of Ala-ud-din Muham- mad Shah, the others illegible) and 29 copper coins from Lieut. R. C. Temple, B. S. C., found at a village called Holawali. Also ten gold Viraraya | Fanams, part of a Treasure Trove discovered in the Chingleput District, and 200 small lead coins, found in the village of Narsaraopet, from the - Madras Government. Secretary’s Office. Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle, and Mr. J. Wood-Mason have held the postis of Philological and Natural History Secretaries, respectively, throughout the year. Mr. J. Crawfurd resigned the General Secretaryship in April, and Mr. A. Pedler was appointed in his place. Mr. Beverley resigned the Teasurership in April, and was succeeded by Mr. J. C. Douglas. My. W. A. Bion has continued to hold the post of Assistant esecetiaeeet and has given much satisfaction by the diligent and zealous discharge of 1881. ] Annual Report. 27 his duties. Mr. E. 8. Andrews has held the post of Assistant Librarian and has also given satisfaction. During the year the establishment has been acaba by two men. The services of Babus Kedarnath Bysack, Cashier, and Jogendranath Mitra, Store-keeper, were dispensed with ; the former appointment being given to Babu Ram Jivana Mukerjea, the Assistant Cashier, and the posts of Assis- tant Cashier and Store-keeper were abolished. After the dismissal of the old Cashier, Babu Ram Jivana Mukerjea, his successor, worked for some months under the direct supervision of Mr. Douglas, the ‘Treasurer. During this time the office was virtually without a Cashier, most of the Cashier’s work being done by the Assistant Secretary. Notwithstanding this additional work and the reduction in the establishment, the Assistant Secretary and his assistants have done much in putting the Library, the Records, &c. of the Society into better order. Vo put the stock and the accounts into proper order, two temporary hands have been employed, who have now finished taking stock of and arranging the Society’s and the Bibliotheca Indica publications. A Babu has also been engaged temporarily in indexing the old records of the Society so as to facilitate reference to them. Bibliotheca Indica. In the two Series together twenty-three fasciculi were published during the year; eight in the Persian and fifteen in the Sanskrit. They belong to eleven different works, of. which two in the Sanskrit Series, have been completed and three, two in the Sanskrit, and one in the Persian Series, have been commenced. ‘The former are the Bhamati, and the Gobhiliya Sutra ; the latter are the Katha Sarit Sagara, the Prakrita Lakshana, and the Zartkh ul Khulfa. Among these publications, there are four English translations; the remaining seven are text editions. The former are the translations of the Tabaqat-i-Nasiri,” and of the ‘Tarikh-ul-Khulfa, both in the Persian Series ; and of the Katha Sarit Sagara and the Prithi Raj Rasau, both in the Sanskrit Series. Of the text editions, one belongs to the Persian and six belong to the Sanskrit Series. A. Persian Neries. 1. Of the IsKBan or Biographical Dictionary of persons that knew Muhammad, by Ibn Hajar, one fasciculus has been issued by Moulvie Abdul Hai, Head Professor of the Calcutta Madrassah, after an interrup- tion of three years. 2. Major H. G. Raverty has brought out two fasciculi of his anno- tated English translation of the Tapagit-1-NAgirf. There is yet one more fasciculus remaining, which will complete this valuable work. 98 Annual Report. [ Fes. 3. Major H. S. Jarrett has published five fasciculi of his annotated English translation of the Tarfxu-un-Kuuunra or the History of the Caliphs by Jalaluddin As Suytti. B. Sanskrit Series. 4. Pandit Bala Sastri of the Benares College has issued the eighth fasciculus of the Buamart, which is a gloss on Sankara Achdrya’s commen- tary on the Brahma Sutras by Vachaspati Misra. ‘This concludes the work. 5. Pandit Chandra Kanta Tarkdlankara has published the twelfth fasciculus of the Gopuiniya Grinya StrRa accompanied by a com- mentary compiled by himself. This work also is now completed. 6. Dr. Rajendralala Mitra has brought out three fasciculi of the Vayu Purina. This is a sort of Cyclopedia of Sanskrit Literature, and is the second of that class of works for the publication of which the Society is indebted to the learned Editor. The other is the Agni Purana, the most ancient and most authentic of that kind of Sanskrit books, the edition of which was completed last year. 7. The text of the MfmAnsA Dargana which is edited by Pandit Mohesachandra Nydyaratna, the Principal of the Sanskrit College, has been advanced by one fasciculus. This work is a critical commentary on the ritual of the Veda accompanied by the commentary of Savara Svamin. 8. Ofthe Prixrira Laxsuana the first fasciculus has been issued by Dr. A. F. Rudolf Hoernle. It contains the text of a Grammar of the ancient Prakrit by Chanda, together with a critical Introduction and Analysis. Another fasciculus, containing an annotated English translation, will com- plete the work. 9. By the same editor the first fasciculus has been published of is annotated English translation of the Prirar RAsa RAsav, the famous epic of Chand Bardai in old Hindi. 10. Among the works, the forthcoming publication of which was announced in the Annual Report of last year, is the English translation with notes of the Karu Sarit SAa@ara, or the Ocean of the Streams of Story, by Mr. C. H. Tawney, M. A., Principal of the Presidency College. The first volume consisting of six fasciculi has now been published. A second volume completing the work, will probably appear in the course of the current year. This work is the celebrated repository of Indian legends which was composed from older sources by Somadeva of Kashmir to- wards the close of the eleventh century. The stories are illustrated by notes which refer to similar legends current in other collections of folklore. es | Coles 1881.] Annual Report. ; 29 11. Another of the new publications is the Nrruxra, the well known glossarial explanation of obscure Vedic terms, of which Pandit Satyavrata Sdmasrami has issued the first fasciculus, accompanying the text with extracts from various commentaries. Besides the above named eleven works, there are in course of prepara- tion the following new ones: 1. The Visunu Smrttt, by Professor Jolly of Wirzburg, containing the text and extracts from various commentaries. 2. The ApastamBa SravutTa Svrra, by Professor R. Garbe of K6nigsberg, containing the text accompanied by the commentary of Rudra- datta. This is a very rare and important work connected with the Black Yajur Veda. The edition will be based on a collation of two or three complete and several fragmentary manuscripts. 3. An English translation, with notes, of the CHaraxa, the oldest Hindu work on medicine, by Dr. Mohendralala Sarkar. 4, An English translation, with notes, of the Lanrra Vistira, by Dr. Rajendralala. Mitra, to whom the Society is already indebted for a complete edition of the text of that most ancient and important work on the earlier portion of the life of Buddha. 5. The Yoea Strra of Patanjali by Dr. Rajendraléla Mitra, with the commentary of Bhoja Raja, and an English translation of both the text and commentary ; also with an English commentary compiled by the Editor himself, including short extracts from the commentaries of Vyasa, Vijfidna Bhikshu and Vachaspati Misra. This work will complete the Society’s series of the six Darganas. ‘The texts of four have been already published ; the Mimamsa is in a forward state, and the Yoga will complete the series. "6. The Brrnappevari, by Dr. Rajendraldla Mitra. This “is a very - interesting metrical work of Saunaka on the deities invoked in the hymns of the Rig Veda. The edition will be founded on five MSS. On the other hand, the Matrrdyant Samurrid, the forthcoming. publication of which, by Dr. L. v. Schroeder, was announced in the annual report of last year has, with the permission of the Society, been withdrawn from the list of the Bibliotheca Indica by the editor, who intends to publish it in Germany. Also the MaauAzi rn Wari, the edition of which was begun by Von _ Kremer many years ago and was to have been completed by Mr. C, J. Lyall, in conjunction with Dr. Wright of Cambridge (see Proceedings, May 1880, p. 88), has been withdrawn from the Bibliotheca Indica in favour of a complete edition of the work which is to be brought out in Germany and will be founded, among others, on two complete and very ancient MSS. in the British Museum. 30 : Annual Report. [Frn. The following is a detailed list of the publications issued during 1880: Persian Series. 1. IsApan, edited by Moulvie Abdul Hai, of the Caleutta Madrassah, No. 242, Fase. XVIII (old series). 2. Tapagdt-1-NAsiri, by Abi ’Umr-i-’Ugman, translated by Major H. G. Raverty, Nos. 892, 393, Fase. XI and XII. 3. Tarixn-vut-Kuura, or, History of the Caliphs, translated by Major H.S. Jarrett, Nos. 440, 441, 443, 446, 451, Fase. I to V. Sanskrit Series. 4. Buamart, a Gloss on Sankara Achdrya’s Commentary on the Brahma Sttras by Vachaspati Misra, edited by Pandit Bala Sastri, No. 433, Fase. VIII. 5. Gopuitiya Griaya Strra, with a Guster by the editor, edited by Chandra Kanta Tarkalankara, No. 448, Fase. XII. 6. Vayu Purdna, a system of Hindu Mythology and tradition, edit- ed by Dr. Rajendralala Mitra, C. I. E., Nos. 434, 437, 445; Fase. IV, V and VI. 7. Mimdmsk Dargana, with the Commentary of Savara Svamin, edited by Pandit Mohesa Chandra Nyayaratna, No. 435, Fasc. XV. 8. PrAdxrita LaxsHana, or Chanda’s Grammar of the Ancient Pra- krit, edited by Dr. A. F. Rudolf Hoernle, No. 447, Fase. I. 9. Priratrss RAsav, of Chand Bardai, translated from the old Hindi, by Dr. A. F. Rudolf Hoernle, No. 452, Fase. I. 10. Karu Sarit Sfcara, or, Ocean of the Streams of Story, translated from the Sanskrit by C. H. Tawney, M. A., Nos. 436, 438, 439, 442, 444,450, Vol. I, Fase. I—VI. 11. Sasudsuyavegitrt Nirvxra, with commentaries, edited by Pan- dit Satyavrata Samasrami, No. 449, Fase. I. List of Societies and Institutions with which Exchanges of Publications have been made during 1880. Amsterdam :—Royal Zoological Society. ° Batavia :—Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences. Berlin :—Royal Academy. Berne :—Swiss Entomological Society. Bombay :—Bombay Branch, Royal Asiatic Society. — :—LHditor, Indian Antiquary. Boston :—Natural History Society. Bordeaux :—Bordeaux Academy. :—Linnean Society. 1881.] Annual Report. 31 Buenos Ayres :—Public Museum. Brussels :—Royal Academy of Sciences. :—Geological Society of Belgium. Calcutta :—Agricultural and Horticultural Society of India. :—Geological Survey of India. Cassel :—Natural History Society. Cherbourg :—National Society of Natural Science. Christiana :—University Library. Copenhagen :—Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries. Cambridge :—University Library. Colombo :—Royal Asiatic Society, Ceylon Branch. California :—Californian Academy of Arts and Sciences. Dehbra-Dun :—Great Trigonometrical Survey. Dublin :—Royal Dublin Society. :—Royal Irish Academy. Edinburgh :—Royal Society. Geneva :—Physical and Natural History Society. Genoa :—Museum of Natural History. K6nigsberg :—Physical and Economical Institution. Leipzig :—German Oriental Society. Leyden :—Roval Herbarium. Liége :—Royal Society of Sciences. London :—Royal Society. :—British Museum. :—Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, :—Royal Institution. :—Institution of Civil Engineers. :—Institution of Mechanical Engineers. :—Royal Geographical Society. :—Zoological Society. :—Statistical Society. :—Geological Society. :—Linnean Society. :—Anthropological Institute. :—Royal Astronomical Society. s—Royal Microscopical Society. :—Editor, Academy. ' :—HEditor, Athenzum. : :—Editor, Nature. :—Society of Telegraph Engineers. Lyon :—Agricultural Society. :—Natural History Society. PEEL 32 Annual Report. Lyon :—Museum of Natural History. Madras :—Literary Society. Manchester :—Literary and Philosophical Society. Moscow :—Société des Naturalistes. Munich :—Royal Academy. Netherlands :—Royal Society. New Haven, U. 8S. :—Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, New South Wales :—Royal Society. Oxford :—Bodleian Library. Paris :—Imperial Library. :—Anthropological Society. :—Asiatic Society. Paris :—Geographical Society. :—Zoological Society. Philadelphia :—Academy of Natural Science. Pisa :—Tuscan Society of Natural Sciences. Simla :—United Service Institution of India. Stettin :—Entomological Society. Stuttgart :—Natural History Society of Wiirttemberg. St. Petersburg :—Imperial Library. —_———— :—Imperial Russian Geographical Society. ——— :—Imperial Academy of Sciences. — :—Imperial Botanical Gardens. Stockholm :—Royal Academy of Sciences, Trieste :—Adriatic Society of Natural Science. Turin :—Academy. | U. 8., America. :—Geological Survey of the Territories. Vienna :—I mperial Geological Institute. — :—Anthropological Society. ——— :—Imperial Academy of Sciences. :—Zoological Society. Washington :—Smithsonian Institution. — :—Commissioners of the Department of Agriculture. Yokohama :—German Oriental Society. —~— :—Asiatic Society of Japan, Zagreb :—Archeological Society. ABSTRACT OF PROCEEDINGS OF CoUNCIL DURING 1880. January 29th, Ordinary Meeting. [Fxs. Letters were read from Dr. S, B. Partridge tendering his resignation as Member of the Council, andfrom Dr. T. R. Lewis and Mr. L. Schwend-— 1881. | Annual Report. 33 ler expressing their willingness to allow themselves to be nominated -Members of the Council for 1880. The Council sanctioned the recommendation of the Secretary that Islam Khan’s pension should be continued for life, and ordered that all such pensions should be paid from the Piddington Pension Fund. The recommendation of the Finance Committee that one of the col- lecting Sircars should be discharged, and that the other should be retained on a commission of 5 per cent., was agreed to. The programme for the Annual Meeting and the Annual Report were read and approved. February 26th, Ordinary Meeting. The Members of the Finance and other Committees were elected. Mr. C. H. Dreyer’s offer to complete the Library Catalogue for Rs. 600 was accepted. | Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle’s proposals with regard to the rates paid for printing and editing the Bibliotheca Indica were agreed to, with an amend- ment proposed by Dr. Mitra, that the rate at which editing work is to be paid for be fixed simply as it is difficult or easy. It was also directed that Dr. Hoernle’s memorandum on the subject should be printed for the use of the Council and of the Finance Committee. The recommendation of the Finance Committee that 2 pairs of book- eases should be purchased for Rs. 1,000 was ordered to be referred back to the Committee for reconsideration with the annual accounts. April 1st, Ordinary Meeting. A letter was read from the Superintendent, Baptist Mission Press, asking if the printing of the Isabah is to be continued ; also a minute by Dr. Hoernle recommending that the work should be continued, and stating that Mr. O’Kinealy had kindly offered to superintend its printing. The minutes of the Council on a memorandum by the Philological Secretary on the affairs of the O. P. Fund were also read. After a prolonged discus- sion on the advisability of adopting the proposals made by the Philological Committee for regulating the selection of works for publication in the Bibliotheca Indica, it was resolved that formal sanction should be given to the publication of nine works (the names of which have been given in the Proceedings for May 1880), and that it should be left to the Philolo- gical Secretary to determine the rate at which each should be published. An exchange of publications with the Stockholm Academy of History and Antiquities was sanctioned. | 834, Annual Report. [Frs. April 29th, Ordinary Meeting. On the resignation of Mr. J. Crawfurd, Mr. A. Pedler was elected Member of Council, General Secretary and Trustee of the Indian Museum. A memorandum by the President on the advisability of increasing the number of the Council was read, and the proposed alteration was agreed to. The necessary modifications in the rules were ordered to be proposed at the next meeting of the Society. An exchange of Part I of the Journal for the Zagreb Archeological Society’s publications was agreed to. The Philological Secretary submitted a statement of rules and rates connected with the publication of the Bibliotheca Indica, Journal and Pro- ceedings, which he had prepared for the press in accordance with the order of Council. Fifty copies were ordered to be printed. The rates of remuneration at which the newly appointed editors of the Bibliotheca Indica are to be paid were agreed upon. As Mr. C. H. Tawney refused to accept any remuneration, it was ordered that he should be presented with 30 copies of his work. The Philological Secretary.reported that he had made over the print- ing of Mr. Dames’s Baloochi Grammar to the Baptist Mission Press, and that he had written to the Bombay and Punjab Governments asking for aid in printing the work. | The Philological Secretary was asked to institute an enquiry as to whether it was necessary to have a person in charge of the vernacular portion of the Library and to report at a future meeting. On the resignation of Mr. Beverley as Treasurer and Mr. H. F. Blan- ford as Member of Council, Mr. J. C. Douglas was elected Member of Council and Honorary Treasurer. : May 29th, Ordinary Meeting. An exchange of publications with the Linnean Society of Bordeaux and with the United Service Institution of India was sanctioned. Letters were read from the Secretaries to the Governments of Bombay and of the Panjab subscribing for 5 and 50 copies respectively of Mr, Dames’s Baloochi Grammar. A letter was directed to be written to the Secretary to the Foreign Department, Government of India, asking Government to subscribe for copies of the same work. An order was passed that books from the Library should be issued on the requisition of the officer in charge of the Surveyor General’s Office, Calcutta, on the same terms as to Members. A recommendation of the Finance Committee that in future their Meet- ings should be held on the 4th of each month, except when that date falls 1881.] Annual Report. 35 on a Saturday, Sunday or Monday, when the meeting should be held on the following Tuesday, was agreed to. It was ordered that the Society’s accounts should be kept according to the plan suggested by Mr. Douglas, and a temporary clerk was appointed on Rs. 15 a month to help in preparing the accounts. July 1st, Ordinary Meeting. The Minutes of the Council were read on a memorandum by Dr. R. Mitra on the state of the Oriental Library. A Committee was appointed (1) to enquire whether MSS. and books to the extent indicated in Dr. Mitra’s Memo. have disappeared and to ascertain, if possible, in what way this loss has occurred, (2) to report how far the MSS. have been cata- logued, and (8) to suggest {suitable arrangements for the safe custody of the MSS. in the future. July 29th, Ordinary Meeting. A letter was read from the Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department, subscribing for 40 copies of Mr. Dames’s Baloochi Grammar. A letter was read from Dr. T. R. Lewis tendering his resignation as Member of the Council, and it was resolved that Mr. H. F. Blanford should be re-appointed Member of Council in his place. A letter was read from the Private Secretary to the Viceroy, stating that Lord Ripon accepts the post of Patron of the Society. An exchange of the Proceedings for the publications of the Cassel Society of Natural History was sanctioned, and an application from the Editor of the Zeitschrift fiir Wissenschaftliche Geographie, for an ex- change, was declined. The recommendation of the Oriental Library Committee to appoint temporarily a Munshiand Pandit each on Rs. 35 per mensem, was agreed to. August 26th, Ordinary Meeting. Mr. R. W. Nicholson, Lt.-Col. M. G. Clerk, Babus Benod Behary Mullick and Sib Chunder Nag and Khalif M. Hassan were elected ordi- nary members of the Society. The Minutes of the Council were read on a letter from Dr. R. Mitra forwarding 2 bills for the editing and printing of his Catalogue of the MSS. in the Library of H. H. the Maharaja of Bikaneer. It was ordered that Dr Mitra’s letter with the 2 bills should be forwarded to Government ; and that, with reference to the paragraph in the preface of the Catalogue in which Dr. Mitra states that he has worked with imperfect materials, Gov- 36 Annual Report. [Frs. ernment should be reminded that the correspondence on this subject has already been before them. September 80th, Ordinary Meeting. Messrs, H. M. Sage, and R. O. Lees were elected Ordinary Members of the Society. A letter was read from Dr. R. Mitra forwarding-10 copies of his report on the Conservation of Sanskrit MSS. for the past year. ‘A request from the Proprietor of the “ Asian” that the Society should subscribe for his paper was declined. Dr. Garbe’s edition of the text of the Apastamba Srauta Stitra was ordered to be substituted, in the list of publications undertaken by the Society, for Dr. Schroeder’s Maitrdyani Samhita. October 28th, Ordinary Meeting. A letter from Dr. T. E. Charles, offering translations of the Niddna and Susruta which he has had prepared at his own expense, to the Society if they will undertake to publish them, was ordered to be referred to the Philological Committee. An application from the Natural History Society of Brunswick, for an exchange of publications, was declined. The Secretary submitted the report of the Sub-Committee appointed to investigate the condition of the Oriental Library. It was ordered to be circulated to the Members of the Council. November 25th, Ordinary Meeting. An exchange of publications with the Royal Dublin Society was sanctioned. On the recommendation of Mr. H. Rivett-Carnac it was ordered that abstracts of the, proceedings at the meetings of the Society should be published in the daily papers. Babu Thakur Dass Banerji was apeutnted on trial, on Rs. 30 per mensem, to do the work of indexing the old records of the Society. It was agreed that all the Journals and Proceedings previously distribu- ted though Messrs. Triibner & Co. should be sent direct by post for the future. A pension of Rs. 15 per mensem was allowed to Babu Buddhinath Bysack, the Society’s old Cashier. - December 20th, Ordinary Meeting. A letter was read from Mr. H. G. Keene announcing the near comple-- tion of Beal’s Oriental Biographical Dictionary. 1881.] President's Address. 37 A memorandum by Dr. Mitra was read stating that, in their present condition, the translations of the Sugruta and Nidana offered by Dr. Charles are unfit for publication, and suggesting that they should be made over to Dr. Uday Chand Dutt for the purpose of editing and revision. It was ordered that the result of Dr. Mitra’s investigations should be com- municated to Drs. Harvey and Smith, who have been requested by Dr. Charles to act for him in this matter. The thanks of the Society were ordered to be conveyed to the Oriental Library Committee and to its Secretary for the valuable report submitted by them. It was ordered that Babu Thakur Dass Banerji should continue index- ing the Society’s old records. The Catalogue of the books in the Library, as completed by Mr. Dreyer, was submitted. The PrestpEnt then delivered the following address: “‘T hope the meeting will agree with me in thinking the report a satis- factory one, showing that the affairs of the Society have made good progress during the past year. There has been a large addition to the list of members ; the catalogue of the Library is ready to go to press; and the reorganisation of our accounts is an accomplished fact. Last year I mentioned the trouble Mr. Westland had taken to re-cast our system of book-keeping. The greater labour of carrying out the reformation devolv- ed upon our present Treasurer, who further modified the proposed system and brought it into successful operation, as may be judged by the finan- cial statement attached to the report. The Society is under much obliga- tion to Mr. Douglas fer the time and skill he has devoted to its service. Our Honorary Secretaries have been no less diligent in the performance of their editorial and administrative functions, and I would ask you to convey to those gentlemen the gratitude of the Society, by a vote of thanks.” A vote of thanks to the Officers of the Society was unanimously car- ried. At the suggestion of the President— Mr. J. Westland and Col. Sconce were appointed to audit the annual accounts. ; The Meeting was then resolved into the Ordinary Monthly General Meeting. H. B. Meputcort, Esq., F. R. S., President, in the Chair. ‘The minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed. The following presentations were announced— 1. From the Home, Revenue and Agricultural Department,—(1)~a Catalogue of Sanskrit MSS. in the Library of H. H. the Mahar4ja of Bika- 38 Election of Members. (Fes. neer, by Dr. R. L. Mitra; (2) Notes on Afghanistan and part of Piluchistan, by Major. H. G. Raverty. 2. From M. de Goeje,—(1) Kitabo ’1 Ahdad, by M. Houtsma, (2) Al Moschtabih, by Dr. P. de Jong. 3. From the author,—Grammar of the Classical Arabic Language, Parts IT and III, by M. S. Howell. 4, From the Meteorological Reporter to the Government of India,— Report on the administration of the Meteorological Department of the Government of India, 1879-80, by H. F. Blanford. 5. From the Assistant Secretary, P. W. D., British Burmah,—Report on the Irrawady river, by R. Gordon. 6. From Dr. G. Leitner,—Proceedings of the Anjuman-i-Punjab during October, November and December 1880. The following Gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meet- ing, were balloted for and elected Ordinary Members :-— P. I. Carter, Esq. Captain T. Morris Jenkins. Major W. F. Prideaux. R. C. Laughlin, Esq. Dr. G. Bomford. The following are candidates for ballot at the next meeting : 1. Sir Ashley Eden, K. C. 8. I., Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal (re- _ election), proposed by the President, Socnded by the Secretary. 2. H. J. Reynolds, Esq., C. S., proposed by the President, acconaes by the Secretary. 3. L. King, Esq., Assistant Commissioner of Rohtuk, proposed by Col. C. Minchin, seconded by M. Macauliffe, Esq. 4, F.C. Channing, Esq., C. §., Lahore, proposed by D. Ibbetson, Esq., seconded by A. Pedler, Esq. 5. E. R. Shopland, Esq., Post Master, Akyab, proposed by L. Schwendler, Hsq., seconded by A. Pedler, Esq. 6. Captain L. A. C. Cook, 5th Bengal Cavalry, Jamrud, proposed by J. G. Delmerick, Esq., seconded by A. Pedler, Esq. 7. Babu Hem Chunder Gossain, Calcutta, proposed by A. Pedler, Esq., seconded by the Hon’ble P. M. Mukerjea. 8. W.C. Benett, Hsq., C. S., Rai Bareilly, proposed by H. Rivett- Carnac, Hsq., seconded by Dr. G. Thibaut. 9. Babu Troylokyanath Mitra, B. L., 1st Subordinate Judge, Jessore, proposed by Babu Adharlal Sen, seconded by A. Pedler, Esq. 10. Babu Bhyrub Chunder Chatterjea, Special Sub-Registrar, Jessore, proposed by Babu Adharlal Sen, seconded by A. Pedler, Esq. 1881.] Exhibition of Coins. 89 11. J. Bridges Lee, Esq., M. A., F. G. S., F. C.8., F. Z. S., propos- ed by A. Pedler, Esq., seconded by C. H. Tawney, Esq. 12. Babu Peary Mohun Guha, B. L., Pleader, Jessore, proposed by Babu Adharlal Sen, seconded by Dr. R. L. Mitra. 13. Babu Sreenath Chunder, proposed by W. Swinhoe, Esq., seconded by Babu P. C. Ghosha. The Secrerary reported that Mr: W. Lambe had intimated his desire to withdraw from the Society. : Mr. J. C. Dovauas then exhibited the working of the Gower Bell Telephone, and explained the principles on which it is constructed. Dr. Horrnte exhibited and described 10 coins, the property of Mr. R. Nicholson of the Opium Department, sent for the inspection of the Society by Mr. H. Rivett-Carnac, B. C. S. These coins consist of (1) three silver Bactrian hemidrachmas, one of Azilises and two of Zoilos; very similar to those described in Prinsep’s Indian Antiquities, Vol. II, pp. 190, 211. One of the two Zoilos is of the degraded type, noticed in the Journal A. S. B., Vol. XXIII, p. 692 (Plate XX XV, No. 11) and in the Numismatic Chronicle, Vol. X, p 72. (2) One gold Kumara Gupta ; as in Prinsep’s Ind. Ant., Vol. I, p. 386 (Class H, a); the legendsare: Odbv., above the bow sra (sri?) ma; below the arm kw; to the right, along the rim, s7% ............... (vest illegible). Rev., along right-hand rim, kumdéra guptadhirdja; the letter dhe is doubtful. (8) Three silver Kumara Gupta coins of the Sah series and the peacock type; similar to those de- scribed by EK. Thomas in the Archeological Survey of Western India, p. 65 (Plate VII, Nos. 22-25); two, however, show traces of date-figures in front of the profile, doubtfully readas 1...5. (4) A gold coin (unknown to the exhibitor) showing, on the obverse, a bull sitting in front of a Maha- deva (as linga-yoni), below them the recumbent figure of a man, dressed in short dhoti; legend in Kutila characters srt dhairyyardja. Reverse: cow with sucking calf; below, a cluster of seven dots; in front, a water-vessel (sardi?) and a fish; above, a wheel and some other indistinguishable 40 Exhibition of Coins. [ Fes, symbols as shown in the woodcut. (6) A gold mohur of the Jaunpur Sultan Ibrahim Shah Shargi; dated 823 A. H., apparently similar to the one, noticed by E. Thomas in Ohronicles of the Pathin Kings of Deths, p, 821. Legend :— Obv. plod wx} Rev. — Bipht wold au yl paryl_rtball sth ds ey tabandt Margin: bt laa 23 ye No Margin. This coin is peculiar on account of the elongated downstrokes of the letters on the reverse, resembling a row of organ pipes. The legend on the obverse is an exact reproduction of that on some of the coins of the Delhi Emperor Feroz Shah, during whose reign the Jaunpur Sultanat took ~ its rise. (7) A copper coin, the legends of which are too much worn to be distinguished. The head on the obverse has the appearance of being Roman ; the figure on the reverse may be Ceres (?}, and there appears to be a monogram B. Dr. Hoernle exhibited and described 12 coins of the later Delhi Em- perors. They were selected from a large hoard of 200 coins, found at Nya Doomka in the Santhal Pergunnahs. Among them were four gold mohurs, one of Muhammad Farrukh Sir, dated 1126 A. H., mint Akbarabdd, regnal year 2; one of Muhammad Shah, date 1148 A. H., mint Jahéndbad (?) regnal year 18; one of ditto, date 1161 A. H., regnal year 30 (the last of his reign ; the latest of his coins, noticed by Marsden in his Oriental Coms, p- 669, is four years earlier, of 1157 A. H.); one of Shah ’Alam, date 1202 A. H., struck by the English Government in Calcutta. The others are silver Rupees of Shah ’Alam, of various dates, four struck by the Eng- lish in Calcutta, four other struck by the Nawab of Oudh. The latter have the symbol (fish) and name of Benares and are dated 1209, 1226, 1228, 1229 A. H. 1881. ] Exhibition of Coins. 41 Dr. Hoernle also exhibited and described two old Hindu coins, found at Sarnath, near Benares and presented to the Society by Mr. Holgnette. One is a small round silver piece of a well known type (see Prinsep’s Ind, Ant. p. 291) with the legend Srémad Gangeya. The other is a square silver piece, showing on one side, the figure of a Raja sitting in the well- known kneeling posture, on a square carpet; on the other side is a lion ; both figures are in a diagonal position, as shown in the woodcut. Dr. Mitra, however, thinks that they are more punch marks of some kind or other which have been destroyed by rust. Dr. Hoernle exhibited 4 silver coins sent by Raja Udayapratapa Siftha, through Dr. R. Mitra, who communicated the following remarks regarding them : ; “ Raja Udayapratapa Sinha, of Bhinga, Oudh, has sent me four silver coins, out of a large number lately found in his taluk. Three of them are of Husain Shah, and one of Mahmtd Shah, both of Jaunpur. They are of a type very similar to the copper coin described by Thomas (Chro- nicles of Pathin Kings of Delhi, p. 322) but not exactly alike. They may be thus described : . “ Nos. 1 and 2 silver, weight 141-149 grs. “ Obverse— IAS (lhl sls pay! BUS Sgac”? 8LE Cyd ‘¢ Reverse— AYY WIE Wyalosed| pt ialsd| “ The inscription is quite clear, but the edges have been filed away, and some of the words have been lost. I guess the remnant of the word zbn before Ibrahim in No. 2. The figure 8 in the date is lost in No. 1. “No. 3 differs from No. 1 in being thinner and smaller ; its weight is 56 grains. The inscription is the same, only very much cut off. No-date. “ No. 4, silver, weight 53 grains. “ Obverse— (we ) SA ( 663) Lede sla prey SLE Joan” * Reverse. ‘The same as in the first three, but no date. “ As J am not well, and shall not be able to attend the next meeting, will you please exhibit the coins. The typical specimens may be retained for the Society, and the duplicates returned to me.”’ 42 Exhibition of Inscription. y [Fes. Dr. Hoernle exhibited some old Hindi inscriptions found in an ’Tdgah, near Monghyr, and sent by Mr. Martin with the following letter : “I beg to send you a copy of some inscriptions on a stone used as a door-step to an Idgah at Chewora, Pergunna Amrethu, Zillah Monghyr ; the only thing I can learn about them is that the stone was a part of a house belonging to some Raja of Behar. ‘‘ Inseriptions 1 and 2 are in the positions as they are on the paper, 8 is written in smaller letters under 2, 4 at one side, upside down as marked, 5 also upside down, but rather more to the left of 1, and 6 as on the paper; the latter is most roughly scratched and is I should say an attempt to cut the word ‘ Allah’ in Urdu. Iam sorry I had neither the time or paper for getting a better rubbing.” “‘ Tf you can kindly inform me to what king &c. the inscriptions refer, I shall be much obliged, also what the words are.” Dr. Mitra, who had read the inscriptions, communicated the following remarks regarding them— “The inscriptions must have belonged to some Hindu temple whence they have been transferred to the Tdgah. No. 1 I read with absolute certainty. ws os ar ey Naa “This is a formula which occurs repeatedly at the foot of Buddhist statues, and means “ this is dedicated to religion.” The name of the donor sometimes precedes and sometimes follows the formula, but not unoften omitted. , “No. 2 gives the name of the donor of the above or of some other object. It reads— FAA CTAY. “The shi must be read £hi and the name is Jakkhiraka. “ No. 3 has been very much spoiled by the attempt to trace the out- lines of the letters, and the letters therefore are not reliable. I read it— a, fi BRR Eafe y “The doubtful letters are 4,6 and 7. There is no trace of “ Allah” in any of the inscriptions.” The following paper was read— 1. The Phenomenon commonly called the “ Cry of Tin.’—By J. C. Dovue.as, If a piece of tin be bent it emits a sound; this, being regarded as a property peculiar to tin, has been termed “ the cry of tin.” This phenome- non is explained by the peculiar crystalline structure of the metal. If the a a he ly hmall 1881.] Library. 43 explanation be the true one, then other metals which are obviously crystal- line in structure should also exhibit the phenomenon under favourable conditions, but it is exceedingly difficult to place other metals in a erystal- line state under proper conditions, e. g., cast iron and cast zine in thin rods break before they can be bent sufficiently to emit audible sounds, while rolled zinc has had its crystalline structure destroyed by rolling and so is not in a condition to emit sound when bent. Rolled zine is very tough as compared with cast zine, and its fracture is not crystalline, but of an even fine-grained bluish tint destitute of the brilliant lustre presented by this metal in a crystalline state. If, however, a piece of rolled zine be heated for a few minutes to a temperature somewhat below its melting point, the metal becomes much less tough, and its fracture is decidedly -erystalline. On bending a piece of zinc so treated it emits a sound weaker than, but of the same nature as, the sound emitted by tin. Cast zinc can- not be bent readily, but if it be pinched between the teeth or with pliers it emits the sound distinctly. It appears therefore that the cry of tin is due to crystalline structure, that it is not characteristic of tin as generally accepted, but may be emitted by zine and probably by other metals when crystalline in texture; that rolling in the case of tin and zine and probably in other cases, destroys the property with the alteration of texture; that in the case of zine which has been rolled, the crystalline texture may be produced without melting the metal but by merely heating it, and this is so readily done that it affords a ready illustration of the effects of high temperatures on rolled metal. If as sup- posed this sound is characteristic of the crystalline structure of metals, it may afford a means of great practical use whereby by the sound a metal emits we may draw conclusions as to its texture and hence its fitness for certain pur- poses, or by the sound emitted by a beam when bent we may draw conclusions as to its safety, the microphone or other appliance being called in to aid us where the sounds are exceedingly weak. _ 4A Library. | FEB. PIBRARY. The following additions have been made to the Library since the meeting held in January last, J RANSACTIONS, PROCEEDINGS AND JOURNALS, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Bombay. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol. IX, Part CXIII, December 1880, and Vol. X, Part CXIV, January 1881. Bordeaux. Société de Géographie Commerciale,—Bulletin, No. 24, 1880, and No. 1, 1881. Calcutta. Registers of Original Meteorological Observations for November and December, 1879. Geological Survey of India,—Memoirs, Vol. XVI, Part 8. London. Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland,—Journal Vol. XII, Part 4, October 1880. Royal Geographical Society,—Proceedings, Vol. II, No. 12, December 1880. Geological Society,—Quarterly Journal, Vol. XXXVI, Part 4, 1880. F. 0. J. Spurrell.—On the discovery of the place where Paleolithic Implements were made at Crayford. P. H. Carpenter—On some new Cretaceous Coma- tule. List of Fellows, 1880. . London. Institution of Civil Engineers, —Minutes of Proceedings, Vol. LXII, Part 4, 1879-80. The Academy,—Nos, 450—453. The Atheneum,—Nos. 2773—2776. Nature,—Vol. XXIII, Nos. 581, 583, and 584. Paris. Société de Géographie,—Bulletin, September and October, 1880. Washington. United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories,—Bulletin, Vol. V, No. 4. Pooks AND PAMPHLETS, presented by the Authors. Barrp, Capt. A. W. Tide-Tables for the Indian Ports for 1881. 12mo., London. Howett, M. S. Grammar of the Classical Arabic Language. Translated and compiled from the works of the most approved native or naturalized authorities. Parts II—III. Royal 8vo., Allahabad, 1880. 1881. ] Library. 45 MiscELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS. Proceedings of the Anjuman;i-Panjab. October to December 1880. Fep,. Lahore, 1880. PRESIDENT, ANJUMAN-I-PANJAB. Jone, Dr. P. pr. Al-Moschtabih, auctore Schamso’d-din Abu Abdallah Mohammed ibn Ahmed. 8vo., Lugduni-Batavorum, 1881. Hovutsma, M. Tu. Kitabo-’?1—Adhdad sive liber de vocabulis Arabicis quae plures habent significationes inter se oppositas auctore Abu Bekr ibno-’]-Anbari. 8vo., Lugduni- Batavorum, 1881. ¥ M. J. pE GoEsE. Report on the Cholera Epidemic of 1879 in Northern India, with special reference to the supposed influence of the Hurdwar Fair. Fep., Cal - cutta, 1880. SANITARY COMMISSIONER WITH THE Govt, oF INDIA, Presidency for the year 1879-80. Fcp., Calcutta, 1880. Report on Vaccination in the Province of Bengal for 1879-80. Fep., Cal- cutta, 1880. Report on the Internal Trade of Bengal, for the year 1879-80. Fep., Cal- cutta, 1880. Report on the Administration of Bengal, 1879-80. Royal 8vo., Calcutta, 1880. Records of the ores Survey of India,—Vol. XIII, Part 4. BENGAL GOVERNMENT. The Indian Antiquary, Vol. IX, Part 113, December 1880. Homes, REVENUE and AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. 7 Buanrorp, H. F. Report on the Administration of the Meteorological : Department of the Government of India in 1879-80. Fep., Calcutta, ; 1880. : 4 METEOROLOGICAL REPORTER TO THE GovT. OF INDIA. 4 Gorpon, R. Report on the Irrawaddy River, Parts I, II, III and IV. ‘ Fep., Rangoon, 1879. ; Pustic Works Dept., B. Burman. 1 Report on the Administration of the Panjab and its Dependencies for ; 1879-80. Royal 8vo., Lahore, 1880. ; PunsaB GOVERNMENT. Report on Public Instruction in the Madras Presidency for 1877-78 and : 1878-79. . Royal dvo., Madras, 1879. : Mapras GOVERNMENT. ; Report on the Administration of the Customs Department in the Bengal * 46 Library. [ Fes. PERIODICALS PURCHASED. Calcutta, Calcutta Review,—No. 143, January 1881. Stray Feathers,—Vol. IX, No. 4. © Indian Medical Gazette,—Vol. XVI, No. 1, January 1881. Supplement. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles,—Vol. IV, No. 12, December 1880, Giessen. Jahresbericht tiber die Fortschritte der Chemie, Part 2 of 1879. Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—No. 52, 1880, and Nos. 1-2, 1881. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XI, Part 4. : Beiblatter,—Vol. IV, Part 12. London. Philosophical Magazine,—Vol. X, No. 64, December 1880. The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,—Vol, XVII, No. 199, December 1880. , The Entomologist, —Vol. XIII, No. 211, December 1880. The Ibis,—Vol. IV, No. 16, October 1880. Sclater, P. I.—Remarks on the present state of the Systema Avium. Vogt. C. Archeopteryx macrura, an intermediate form between Birds and Reptiles. Gurney, J. H.—Notes on a ‘ Catalogue of Accipitres in the British Museum’, by R. B. Sharpe (1874). ——. Messenger of Mathematics,—Vol. X, No. 7, November 1880. Journal of Botany,—Vol. 1X, No. 216, December 1880. Annals and Magazine of Natural History,—Vol. VI, No. 86, De- cember 1880. Giinther, Dr. A.—Description of Ophites japonicus, a new Snake from Japan. Journal of Science,— Vol. II, No. 84, December 1880 London. Numismatic Chronicle,—Vol. XX, Part 3, 1880. Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol, XXIX, Nos. 1465—1468. The Publishers’ Circular,—Vol, XLIII, Nos. 1088—1039. Chemical News,—Vol. XLII, Nos. 1099—1101. New Haven. American Journal of Science,—Yol. XX, No, 119, Novem- ber 1880. : Paris. Comptes Rendus,—Vol. XCI, Nos. 23-26. Revue Critique,—Vol. X, Nos. 50-52, Vol. XI, No. 1. Revue des deux Mondes,—Vol. XLII, Part 4, and Vol, XLIII, | Part. 1, . Journal des Sayants, December 1880. Revue Scientifique,—Vol, XIX, Nos, 25-26; and Vol. XX, No. 1. ) 1881. ] Library. 47 Pooxs fURCHASED. _. Gerxie, Jas. Prehistoric Europe. Roy. 8vo., London, 1881. Ec b Hume anp Marsan. Game Birds of India, Burmah and Ceylon. Vol. — Ill. Roy. 8vo., Calcutta, 1881. - Mventer, Max. Sacred Books of the East,—Vol. VI, The Qur’an, Part I, and Vol. IX, The Qur’an, Part II. 8vo., Oxford, 1880. _ Scuuremany, Dz. H. Ilios; The City and Country of the Trojans. : Roy. 8vo., London, 1880. ’ =f$ py seat elie RL ye ; eats Dene ee : Sia a aetna Mad eet A PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. for Marcu, 1881, SS SS The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 2nd March, 1881, at 9 P. mu. C. H. Tawney, Esq., M. A., Vice-President, in the Chair. The minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed. The following presentations were announced— 1. From the Marine Survey Department,—A List of Light-Houses and Light-Vessels in British India, by R. C. Carrington. 2. From the K. B. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Miinchen,—(1) Das Haus Wittelsbach und seine Bedeutung in der deutschen Geschichte, by J. v. Dollinger, (2) Ueber den geologischen Bau der libyschen Wiiste, by Dr. K. A. Zittel, (3) Die Pflege der Geschichte durch die Wittels- bacher, by Dr. L. Rockinger. 3. From the Paleographical Society,—Facsimiles of Ancient MSS., Oriental Series, Part V, by W. Wright. 4. From the Surveyor General of India,—(1) Account of the Opera- tions of the Great 'Trigonometrical Survey of India, Vol. VI, (2) Synop- sis of the Results of the Operations of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India, Vol. VII. 5. From the authors,—(1) Report on the Electric Light at the East Indian Railway Company’s Station, Howrah (Calcutta), by L. Schwendler, (2) Sketch of the Hindustani Language, by C. J. Lyall. 6. From the Home, Revenue and Agricultural Department,—the Sacred Books of the Hast, Vols. VI and IX, edited by F. Max Miiller. 7. From Mr. Holgnette,—one silver and one copper coin. -8. From Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle,—13 Nos. of the Deutsche Litteratur Zeitung. 50 J. W. H. Johnstone—On the Awans of the Salt Range. [Mancu, The following Gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting, were balloted for and elected Ordinary Members : Sir Ashley Eden, K. ©. 8. I. Lieut.-Governor of Bengal (re-elec- tion.) H. J. Reynolds, Esq., C. S. L. King, Esq. F. C. Channing, Esq. KE. R. eae ase? Esq. Captain L. A. C. Cook. Babu Hem Chunder Gossain. W. C. Benett, Esq., C. 8 Babu Troylokyanath Mitra, B. L. Babu Bhyrub Chunder Chatterji. J. Bridges Lee, Esq., M. A., F. G. S., F. Z.S., F. C. 8S. Babu Peary Mohun Guha, B. L. Babu Sreenath Chunder. The Councrt reported that Mr. V. Ball had been appointed Member of Council under Rules 4 and 46 (as amended during the past year), and that he would officiate as Natural History Secretary during Mr. Wood-Mason’s absence from Calcutta. The Secretary reported that the following coins had been acquired under the Treasure Trove Act. 1. Four gold and eight silver coins found at Nya Doomka, Santhal Pergunnahs. 2. Six silver coins from Basti. The Srcrerary read a letter from Lieut.-Col. J. W. H. Johnstone, dated, February 15th, 1881, regarding the supposed identity of the Awans resident in the Salt Range with the Jods of Baber. ** General Cunningham in his Archeological Report on the North- West Panjab wishes to identify the Awans resident in the Salt Range as the Jods of Baber. In fact a tribe of Jods is still located in this part of the country where Baber found them. This tribe is known to be a branch of the Janjiias, and there is no difficulty on the subject of the Jods, except that we now find the possessions of the Jods and Janjids with the Awans. I have known this for some years, and am sorry I did not before communi- cate it to the Society. The explanation I would give of the Awans’ pos- session of the country is this. ‘They were resident on both the branches of the Indus below the Salt Range. Baber found the present country of the Marwats in the Bann district occupied by Isdkhil Niazis. Subsequently eae eT Te 1881.] Adhar Lal Sen—On the Shrines of Sitakund. 51 a wave of irruption took place from the hills. The Isakhil Niazis were dis placed by the present Marwatis. The former ejected the Awans from Isa- khil and Mianvali and drove them into the hills compelling them in tura to expel the Jods and Janjtids. The head man of Kalabdgh is still Mullah Mizaffar Khan, the Chief of the Awans.” The following papers were reaad— 1. A short note on the Shrines of Sitakund in Chittagong.— By ADHAR LAu Sun, Deputy Collector of Jessore, lately of Chittagong. (Abstract.) After describing the geographical situation of Sité Khund, the author of this paper, explains the derivation of its name “ from a hot spring conse- erated to Sita, the deified heroine of the Raméayana,” and relates the various traditions regarding the disappearance of the hot spring which no longer exists in that locality. It is said to have been filled up in conse- quence of adispute between the followers of Vishnu and Siva. An attempt was made by the present Mahant of the place to again open up the spring, but without success ; and it is supposed that there never really was any hot spring in that locality, on account of its being “ devoid of all trace of bitumen, which is invariably discovered in the adjacent hot springs.”” The author then proceeds to quote large extracts from various Puranas, relating the connection of Rama and Sita with the Sitakhund, and shows the un- trustworthiness of these Purdniec relations b y comparing them with the accounts in Valmiki’s Ramayana according to which Rama and Sita can ‘ never have been in the regions where the Sitékhund is situ€ted. Finally the author traces the pilgrim’s journey as he passes from one shrine to another, giving various interesting details of each locality. Mr. Ball remarked that though it may be true that there never was a hot spring in the locality mentioned, the absence of any trace of bitumen was no proof of its non-existence. Extracts from this paper will be published in the Journal, Part I. 2. A list of Earthquakes recorded in Assam during the year 1880. Com- municated by the Meteorological Reporter to the Government of Bengal. The list will appear in the Journal, Part I. 3. On the coins of Charibael, king of re Homerites and Sabeans.— By Masor W. F. Pripeavx, F. R. G. 8., Bombay Stuff Corps. (Abstract.) This paper gives a description of two Himyaritic coins, which were received by the author from Aden in 1880, and attributed by him to Chari- 52 Dr. Hoernle—On Harly Muhammadan Ooins of Bengal. [ Marcu, bael, who is mentioned in the twenty-third chapter of the Periplus of the Erythrean Sea as the paramount Sovereign of the contiguous tribes of the Homerites and Sabeans, and as having been on terms of friendly alliance with the Roman Emperors. This monarch was probably identical with the Himyaritic king Kariba-él Wattdr Yehan’am, whose name appears on three of the inscriptions discovered by M. Arnaud in the neighbourhood of Marib in 1843, as well as on the coins exhibited to the meeting. The paper concludes with a short sketch cf the Himyaritic monetary system, which may be classified into three divisions, (1) the thick imitations of the Athenian drachma, (2) the thin imitations of the late Athenian tetra- drachma, and (3) the indigenous mintage with two heads, one on the obverse and one on the reverse of the coin (of which, in addition to the coins of Charibael, a few specimens were exhibited to the meeting). This last was probably the precursor of the rare Axumite series in gold, which appears to have remained current until the introduction of Islam into South Arabia. This paper will be published in the Journal, Part I, with a Plate. 4. Comparative Table of the conjugations of the verbs substantive in Hastern Hindi.— By G. A. Griexson, C. S. 5. Ona New Find of Early Mukammadan Ooins of Bengal.—By Dr. A. F. R. HoERnte. (Abstract. ) This paptr describes 14 early Muhammadan Coins of Bengal, found in November 1880 near Gauhati in Assam. They consist of 4 coins of Shams- ud-din Altamsh, 2 of Jalalat-ud-din (Riziyah), 1 of ’Ala-ud-din Mas’atid Shah and 8 of Nasir-ud-din Mahmud Shah, all Emperors of Dehli; also 1 coin of Ghiy4z-ud-din’ waz and3 of Mughigs-ud-din Ytzbak, both independent Sultans of Bengal. Among these the coin of ’Ala-ud-din Mas’aid Shah appears to be unique, being an exact counterpart (barring, of course, the ruler’s name) of the coin of Nasir ud-din, No. 60, in Thomas’ Chronicles of the Pathan Kings of Dehli, p. 81. It is further important as showing that the last mentioned coin should be ascribed to the younger Nasir-ud-din rather than the elder. The coins of Mughis-ud-din appear to be new. ‘They are also important inasmuch as they help to determine the period of that Sultdn’s independence, which seems to have lasted only about three years from A. H. 652—655. This paper will be published in the Journal, Part I, with three Plates. Mr. Gibbs said that the paper a part of which had just been read was an interesting one; he had been for some years engaged in collecting Pathan and Moghul coins, and had procured many curious and rare speci- 1881. } Dr. Hoernle—On Early Muhammadan Coins of Bengal. 53 mens. He hoped to beable to draw up a paper from the MS. on the new coins of the Path4n kings which had been found since Mr. Thomas’ book was pub- lished. He might mention two very curious ones: (1) a gold of king No 9, Nasir-ud-din Mahmud, and (2) a gold of king No. 17, Nasir-ud-din Khushan. The former shows Thomas’ remark on page 134 that Ghidz-ud-din Balban was the first king that struck gold coins is incorrect. ‘This gold coin is now in the Imperial Academy at Berlin. Mr. Gibbs having exchanged it for some rare Moghul coins with the late Col. Guthrie some years ago, before he collected the Pathan series. With regard to the latter king only one silver coin is known. It is in this Society’s collection, but the gold one which he obtained through a Marwari in Bombay is of much finer execution than the silver coin. Mr. Gibbs’s experience leads him to the opinion that gold and silver coins will be found of all the Pathan kings ; it was the custom to coin such for distribution when the monarch was first placed on the throne, and it will be found that even now not more than 12 out of the first 80 Pathan kings are without specimens of either large gold or silver coins, often of both. Mr. Gibbs also further noticed that the series of coins of the smaller Muhammadan kingdoms set up after Muhammad bin Tughlaq were curious and worth collecting. He had had the good fortune during the famine in Bombay to get a good many specimens of the Banmani, Malwah and Muham- madan coins, and as regard the first he had acquired the only 8 gold coins known. A paper with plates of this series will appear in afuture No. of the Numismatic Chronicle for which Mr. Gibbs left instructions before he left England. Mr. Gibbs stated that he had been engaged with Dr. Hoernle in arranging the Society’s collection, and he hoped that before long a complete catalogue might be ready which will be of great service to other Museums and collectors in showing what coins were actually extant. 6. Some Observations on the Standing of Animals, the Perching of Birds and the Walking Pace of Man.—By J. C. Dovenas. I.—The Standing of Mammals and Birds. A Bird standing on one leg appears so strikingly unstable an object, that most observant persons feel the want of an explanation of first, why the bird chooses to stand on one leg rather than on both ; and second, why this position is assumed as one of rest. Itis obvious that te raised leg is rested, but it is equally obvious that the other leg has to do the work of both, and there is a decided reduction in stability, when using only one leg; but, from the bird resting in this position, there must be physiologically some economy, which renders the less stable position also less exhausting. This resting the limbs alternately is particularly frequent in natatorial birds 54 J.C. Douglas—On the Perching of Birds. [Marcu, when standing : their legs apparently being very readily fatigued by bear- ing the weight of their bodies ; but although most striking in birds, it is also common to mammals. Horses particularly may be observed resting one leg at a time, and man does not as a rule stand equally on both legs, but puts his weight on each leg alternately ; even when sitting on a chair he com- monly rests his legs alternately by hanging one across the other. I think this phenomenon is explained as follows:—Every muscle must have inter- vals of rest, and the muscles, supporting an animal which rests standing, must be restedalternately. ‘lo render this possible, the law of muscular exhaustion must in certain cases admit of the /oad on a muscle being increased, without proportionately hastening exhaustion. A muscle, removed from the body | and stimulated to contract, suffers exhaustive loss of irritability, in direct proportion to the rapidity with which the stimuli follow each other, and exhaustion is most readily produced by stimuli following each other so rapidly, as to induce continued contraction, z. e., tetanus ; but the amount of the load, if not too large, does not apparently affect the course of exhaustion, the exhaustion of two muscles bearing different loads being parallel. This being the case, it may be quite possible for an animal to even double the load on one set of muscles, without hastening their exhaustion, The muscles, bearing the additional load, not necessarily being exhausted proportionately sooner than under their own proper load, ~~ it is evident a bird resting on one leg does not exhaust it in time shorter . in proportion to the increased load; hence it is enabled to rest its whole ~ system standing, a part at a time, just as completely as it could rest it all at once by laying down. The ease with which a bird stands on one leg is due to the relatively great surface of its base, the length of base, excluding the nails of the toes, reaching in small birds half the bird’s height, that is, a man’s feet would have to be two and a half to three feet long, to secure a proportional base; the width of a bird’s base in front is also relatively great. Il.—The Perching of Birds. The bird, standing on one leg, is only one instance of a very general case, and it rests itself in that attitude by reason of a physiological law governing muscular exhaustion ; but the case of a bird, sleeping on one leg on a perch, has been considered as differing from the case of a bird sleeping on one leg on the ground, and, while it is obvious the bird on the ground really maintains the upright position by balancing itself, precisely as a man does, this explanation has been considered as insufficient in the case of the perching bird. The explanation commonly accepted appears to have origi- nated with Borelli about two hundred years ago, and is as follows :— The flexors of the toes pass over the knee and heel in such a manner, that when the leg is bent by the weight of the body, the toes are flexed, the 1881. ] J. C. Douglas—On the Perching of Birds. . 55. sleeping bird is thus held securely on his perch by the weight of his own body ; and some authors add “ without fatigue.” I purposely omit other details such as the structure of the joints by which the leg is stiffened laterally and vertically. In the first instance, if the toes were flexed by the weight of the body putting tension on the muscles, this could not happen without causing fatigue, for the mere tension of a muscle influences its nutrition and waste, hence muscular exhaustion would result. That exhaustion is felt, is proved by the bird using only one leg while resting the other, also by the fact that it changes the leg from time to time, and that on waking, the foot is opened asif cramped. The evidence in favour of Borelli’s explanation is anatomi- eal; if the leg of a dead bird be bent under certain circumstances, the toes close together, and the foot may be so made to seize the finger of the experimentalist; if the leg be dissected, the movements of the parts may be clearly seen to bring about the result. But although this takes place in the dead bird, and is therefore possible in the live one, it by no means follows that this is the mechanism of perching. Even this purely anatomi- cal phenomenon, which has been relied on to prove the physiological condi- tions, is not invariably present, for if a bird die with its leg contracted and its claw extended, the leg may be extended and flexed without closing the - toes; in fact, the production of the phenomenon depends on the condition of the muscles after death. If the bird dies with its claws open and leg extended, the flexor muscles of the toes.are not opposed by the extensors, they shrink and lose their elasticity when they die, and the phenomenon is * produced ; if they are opposed by the extensors, and the leg is bent, they _ lose their elasticity but cannot contract, and are therefore, when dead, elon- gated, and the phenomenon is not produced, It is very obvious in the live bird these muscles are elastic, and their exact length while living may be anything between the above extremes, but whether they act in the manner stated, depends entirely on their condition in the living bird, which is standing with his legs bent at their normal angle, these muscles being opposed by - another set of muscles, and both being under the control of the bird’s will. Because bending the leg bends the toes in a dead bird, in which the muscles have lost their elasticity and become shortened, to assume that therefore in the live bird, the mechanism acts precisely in the same manner, is an assumption in my opinion which is contradicted by observation of the living bird, and by the consideration of the general laws of which the perching bird is but a particular instance. Mammals and birds, on plane surfaces, maintain the upright attitude by balancing themselves, and birds standing on two legs on a perch do not, unless the perch be shaken, hold the perch, they simply balance themselves; the birds are prevented from slipping by the soft under-surface of the foot, which gives a foot-hold little liable to slip on the rough bark of a tree, and if the perch 56 J. C. Douglas—On the Perching of Birds. [Marcu, be moved, ‘slipping is still further guarded against, by turning in the nails so that their points touch the perch. If the perch be violently swung, the bird bends his legs, and rests with his breast on the perch, thereby lowering his centre of gravity. Ifa live bird be perched on the finger, it will be felt that it balances itself and does not grip, but it frequently uses the points of its claws, particularly of the hind ones. It the hand be moved forwards, the bird having a tendency to fall backward, it will be found to actually raise its front toes, and stick in the points of the hind claws; far from gripping tighter, it actually grips less tightly. If a sleeping bird be shaken, it awakes and puts down its second foot. If the perch be swung while the bird is asleep, the bird will be observed to move its body im advance of the movements of the perch. Although the sleeping bird usually uses the point of his hind nail, he does not always do so, and sometimes sleeps, obviously not holding the perch, but evidently balancing, the perch being stationary, but if the perch be moved slightly, the hind nail is used immediately. I cannot detect any bending of the leg, when the bird goes to sleep, beyond that which exists when it is awake, nor is the flexure of the last joint of the toes accompanied by a bending of the leg under ordinary circumstances. On the other hand there can be no doubt, that, in the live bird, flexure of the toes is independent of bending of the leg; a live bird can open or close its claws, with the leg straightened, or bent close to the body, and if a bird be under the influence of either, the flexure of leg and foot, simultaneously observed in the dead bird, is not observed. Birds com- monly rest with the breast on the perch, in these cases, the claws will be found quite open ; it is obvious in this case, that flexure of knee and heel does not cause flexure of the toes. , ) If bending of the leg necessarily caused flexure of the toes, the bird would in some cases evidently be inconvenienced, during incubation for instance. The idea, that the weight of the body tending to bend the leg might so flex the toes as to diminish the fatigue of perching, is obviously erroneous mechanically ; for, if the grip of the perch were produced by the contraction of particular muscles, and if the same muscles were employed on the additional labour of preventing flexure of the leg, the two duties would not be so opposed as to make the strain on the muscles less than it would be if they performed but one duty, and the additional duty would in- crease the load not decrease it. It appears to me, that perching birds really balance themselves, just as mammals and birds on plane surfaces do; that they are enabled to do this just as man is, by means of opposing muscles ; that flexure of leg and toes are independently under control of the bird’s will as in man; and that the movements found dependent on each other in the dead bird after alteration of the muscles, are independent in the live bird ; and that the large surface covered by the toes, the relative lightness 1881.] J. C. Douglas—On the Walking Pace of Man. 57 of the body, and the soft under-surface and sharp nails of the toes prevent- ing slipping are sufficient to explain how a bird is enabled to sleep perch- ed, just as a horse or a bird sleeps standing on a plane. IlI.—The Walking Pace in Man. r Previous observers have assumed that the path traversed by man in walking is a straight one, that each step is alike, and that in natural walk- - ing, the complementary motions are evoked regularly and symmetrically. I have made a great number of observations, and have surveyed and plotted - out natural paths across an extended plain, and I find the natural path is a wavy line. If the pace be slow, the deviation from the straight line is greater than if the pace be quick, and this deviation is greatest when the walk is very slow. The sinuous walk of a man slightly intoxicated, is an exaggeration of the normal walk ; the difficulty of walking slowly beside a second person without occasionally coming against him, unless touch be kept in some way, is a matter of common observation. It appears that the adoption of sinuous paths in laying out gardens, with a view to imitate nature, is an unconscious imitation (often exaggerated) of the foot paths formed naturally, whenever an extended plain has to be crossed by persons on foot, and this sinuosity is a consequence of the natural’ walk of man being in a sinuous path, probably by reason of the equilibrium being imper- fect, and the movements not strictly symmetrical. 7, List of Diurnal Lepidoptera inhabiting the Nicobar Islands.—By J. Woop-Mason, Deputy Superintendent, Indian Musewm, and L. DE NIcE’ VILLE. ‘ (Abstract. ) In this paper which will appear in the Journal, Part II, the authors state, that in Mr. F. Moore’s paper on the Lepidopterous Fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, only 28 species of rhopalocerous Lepidop- tera are recorded from the Nicobar group. The Museum has recently received from Mr. F. A. De Reepstorff a collection of Nicobar butterflies consisting of thirty-four species, twenty-five of which are recorded, in the present paper, for the first time, and two are described as varieties of known forms. _. This paper will appear in the Journal, Part II. 58 Library. [Marcu, PIBRARY. The following additions have been made to the Library since the meeting held in February last. J) RANSACTIONS, PROCEEDINGS AND JOURNALS, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Berlin, K. preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften,—Monatsbericht, September and October 1880. Bordeaux. Société de Géographie Commerciale,—Bulletin, No. 2. Calcutta. Geological Survey of India,—Memoirs, Palzontologia Indica, Series XII, Vol. III, Part 1. Feistmantel, Dr. O.—The Flora of the Talchir Karharbari Beds. Lisbon. Sociedad de Geographia,—Boletin, Second Series, No. 2. London. Loyal Microscopical Society,—Journal, Vol. III, Nos. 6 and 6a, December 1880. Royal Astronomical Society, Monthly Notices, Vol. XLI, No. 1. —. Institution of Mechanical Engineers,—Proceedings, No. 8, 1880. —. The Academy,—Nos. 443, 454 to 456. ——. The Atheneum,—Nos. 2777 to 2780. Nature,—Vol. XXII, No. 574, and Vol. XXIII, Nos. 585—588. Miinchen. K. b. Akademie der Wissenschaften,—Sitzungsberichte der mathematisch-physikalischen Classe, Parts 2—4, 1880. : : philosophisch-philologischen und historischen Classe,—Vol. II, Part 3, 1879; and Parts 1—3, 1880. Abhandlungen,—historische Classe, Vol. XV, Part 2. philosophisch-philologischen Classe,—Vol. XV, Part 2. 4 . ——. mathematisch-physikalischen Classe,—Vol. XIII, Part 3. | New York. American Oriental Society,—Proceedings, October 1880. Paris. La Société d’Anthropologie,—Bulletin, Vol. III, Part 3, April to July 1880. La Société de Géographie,—Bulletin, Vol. XX, November 1880. Pisa. Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali,—Atti, Processi Verbali, 14th November 1880. Rome. Societa degli Spettroscopisti Italiani,—Memorie, Dispensa 9, Sep- tember 1880. Roorkee. Professional Papers on Indian Engineering,—Vol. X, No. 389, February 1881. a DEE [EE t= Seen aE 1881. ] Library. 59 Vienna. Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften,—Fontes Rerum Aus- triacarum, Vol, XLII, Part 2. Archiv fiir Osterreichische Geschichte,—Vol. LIX, Parts 1—2, and Vol. LX, Part 1. Sitzungsberichte,—mathematisch-naturwissenchaftliche Classe, Part I, Vol. LXXIX, Nos. 1—5; Vol. LXXX, Nos. 1—85: Part II, Vol. LX XIX, Nos. 4—5; Vol. LX XX, Nos. 1—5; Vol. LXXXI, Nos. 1—3: Part III, Vol. LXXX, Nos. 1—5; Vol. LXXXI, Nos. 1—3. peat: . " philosophisch-historische Classe, —Vol. XCIV, Nos. 1—2; Vol. XCV, Nos. 1—4, and Vol. XCVI, No. 1. philosophisch-historische Classe, Denkschriften, Vol. XXX. _-—-. mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe,—Denks- ehriften, Vol. X UI. Yokohama. Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Natur-und Volkerkunde Ost- asiens,—Mittheilungen, December 1880. Asiatic Society of Japan,—Transactions, Vol. VIII, Part 4. Zagreb. Arkeologickoga Druztva,—Viestnik, Vol. III, No. 1. PAMPHLETS, presented by the Authors. Lyatt, C. J. Sketch of the Hindustani Language. Sm. 8vo., Edin- burgh, 1880. Scuwenpier, L. Repcrt on the Electric Light at the Hast Indian Rail- way Company’s Station, Howrah (Calcutta). Fep., Calcutta, 1881. MiscELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS, Carnineton, R. C. List of Light-Houses and Light-Vessels in British India, including the Red Sea and Coast of Arabia (Suez to Singapore). Obl. 4to., Calcutta, 1881. Marine Survey DEPARTMENT. Doutinaer, J. v. Das Haus Wittelsbach und seine Bedeutung in der deutschen Geschichte. 4to., Munich, 1880. Rocxineer, Dr. L. Die Pflege der Geschichte durch die Wittelsbacher. Ato., Munich. ZimtEL, De. K. A. Ueber den geologischen Bau der libyschen Wiiste. 4to., Munich. K. b. AKAD. DER WISsSENS., MUNCHEN. Werieut, W. The Palzographical Society. Fascimiles of Ancient MSS. Oriental Series. Part V. Fol., London, 1880. PaLHOGRAPHICAL SOcIEty. 60 Library. Report on the Administration of the Land Revenue Department of the Central Provinces for the Revenue year 1879-80. Fep., Nagpur, 1881. Cu. Com., CenTRAL PROVINCES. Account of the Operations of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India, Vol. VI. 4to., Dehra Dun, 1850. Synopsis of the Results of the Operations of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India. Vol. VII. 4to., Dehra Dun, 1879. SURVEYOR GENERAL OF InpIA. Sixteenth Annual Report of the Sanitary Commissioner with the Govern- ment of India, 1879. Fep., Calcutta, 1881. SANITARY COMMISSIONER WITH THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA. Indian Forester, Vol. VI, No. 3, January 1881. BENGAL GOVERNMENT. Patmer, E. H. (Sacred Books of the Hast, Vols. VI and IX). ‘The Quran, 2 Vols. 8vo., Oxford, 1880. Fatton, Dr. 8S. W. New English-Hindustani Didteanes Part I. Home, REVENUE anp AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT, J ERIODICALS PURCHASED. Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—Nos. 3—4, and Index for 1880. Nachrichten,— Nos. 20—21, and Index 1880; No. 1, 1881. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XII, Part 1. Vie . Beiblatter,—Vol. V, No. 1. London. Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol. XXIX, Nos. 1469—1471. Chemical News,—Vol. XLIII, Nos. 1103—6, and Index to Vol. XLII. Publishers’ Circular,—Vol. XLIV, Nos. 1040—1. Paris. Comptes Rendus,—Vol. XCII, Nos. 1—4. Revue Scientifique,— Vol. XX VII, Nos. 2—85. Revue Critique,—Vol. XI, Nos. 2, 4—5. Revue des deux Mondes,—Vol. XLIII, Nos, 2 and 8. Journal des Savants,—January 1881. ; Annales de Chimie et de Physique,—Vol. XXI, December 1880. Philadelphia. Manual of Conchology, Part 8. | Books PURCHASED. Goutp, J. The Birds of Asia. Part XXXII. Fol., London, 1880. Gouxp, J. ‘The Birds of New Guinea and the Adjacent Papuan Islands. Part XI. Fol, London, 1880. Sauuet, A. von. Die Nachfolger Alexanders des Grossen in Baktrien und Indien. 8vo., Berlin, 1879. z PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. FoR fPRIL, 18814, SSE oe The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 6th April, 1881, at 9°15 P. m. H. B. Meputicort, Esqa., F. R. S., President, in the Chair. In accordance-with the announcement made at the Annual Meeting held in February last, the President ordered the balloting lists for the Election of the Council and Officers for 1881 to be distributed, and appointed Col. J. Sconce and Major H. 8. Jarrett Scrutineers. The PRESIDENT announced that the Scrutineers declared the result of the ballot to be as follows: President. The Hon’ble Sir Ashley Eden, K. C. 8. I., C. I. E. Vice- Presidents. Dr. Rajendralala Mitra, C. I. E. C. H. Tawney, Esq., M. A. The Hon’ble H. J. Reynolds, B. A., C. S. Secretaries and Treasurer. J. Wood-Mason, Esq. Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle. A. Pedler, Esq., F. C. S. V. Ball, Esq., M. A., F. G. S. Other Members of Council. H. B. Medlicott, Esq., F. R. S. J. Westland, Esq., C. 8. J. Eliot, Esq., M.A. D. Waldie, Esq., F. C. S. H. Beverley, Esq., C. S. Babu P. C. Ghosha. L: Schwendler, Esq. 62 Vote of thanks to retiring Président. [APRIL, Mr. Westland said that he trusted he would be allowed as one of the retiring Vice-Presidents of the Society to propose a vote of thanks to Mr. Medlicott, the out-going President. Mr. Medlicott had unusual qua- lifications for the post both as a man of science, and as a man of business; other gentlemen could testify to Mr. Medlicott’s services rendered to the Society in the former capacity, he himself could say from his own experience, how completely and efficiently Mr. Medlicott managed the business of the Society. The Society was under great obligations to Mr. Medlicott, for the labour he had so successfully and so willingly bestowed on the management of its affairs. In resigning the President’s chair, Mr. Medlicott spoke as follows : It is very gratifying to me to return thanks for the response this meeting has accorded to the kindly words spoken by Mr. Westland. I shall not cease to endeavour to be of service to the Society. The brief remarks I wish to make on retiring from the office of Pre- - sident would have been more appropriate had this event taken place at the annual meeting, as is customary. As to the few observations I did make on that occasion, in referring to the report for the preceding year, I was surprised to find that they have been printed in our Proceedings for February as “the President’s address.”’ It looks like a stroke of irony on the part of our Secretary ; but I acquit him of the charge. I by no means meant to make a mockery of the imposing undertaking known as a Presi- dential Address. On the contrary, I had come prepared to take my leave of office with a humble apology for what many may look upon as my spon- taneous collapse. At the same time I wished to justify the step I had taken in resisting what is an innovation, and‘as I believe a mistaken one, in the practice of our Society. At the previous annual meeting I gave a notice of motion to that effect ; and I think the matter of sufficient im- portance to recur to it now. The tendency I would deprecate—that of following the practice of learned bodies elsewhere—is superficially laudable ; but I may designate it as unpractical and therefore unscientific. The essence of practical reason is, the intelligent apprehension of conditions, and adaptation thereto ; in view, no doubt, of a best conceivable standard, but the premature adoption of that standard may be a fatal form of blunder. I do not allow that my action arises from a defective estimate of what a scientific Society should be: it is rather that the standard I look to is incompatible with ourselves and our circumstances. Let us at all events avoid shams and false pretension. We are by profession a scientific body ; but our body has been and is to a large extent non-scientific, or even anti-scientific ; and symptoms were not wanting that a marked prominence of the scientific element in the administration would lead to atrophy of the body. Few 1881.] ' Presentations, 63 will deny that, constituted as we are, our President should often be a man known to the general public. A complete obstacle to this would be, and has been, the innovation of an annual presidential discourse upon science in some form, which performance is by no means worth the sacrifice, The real credit of the Society and of its working members depends on the amount of information to be found in its publications. I would, therefore, ask those members to be content with this solid advantage afforded by the Society, and to forego an ambition of flags and fireworks. I must not, however, allow it to be said, that I am making a virtue of necessity—shielding my incapacity under the guise of renunciation. Of actual incapacity I cannot speak: but I do confess myself unable, without Bn great deal more leisure than I can command, to prepare what I should care to offer as an address to a learned Soeiety. This touches, perhaps, the most vital objection to the practice I wish to see held in abeyance for special occasions. You can seldom find a suitable president of any denomination who is not already an overworked official; and very few men thus placed so overflow with knowledge as to undertake so serious a task without inadmissible interference with regular duties. Some of you are aware how difficult it has been of late to find a president. Moré than one member thoroughly competent to lead and to address the Society have declined the post; and though I cannot speak with certainty, I strong- ly suspect that the obnoxious innovation had much to say to our disappoint- ment. They have escaped by passive resistance ; it has fallen upon me to incur the obloquy of overt rebellion, for which I iat erave your indulgence. I have now the satisfaction of handing over office toa Prccielsnt under whom the Society should flourish in all its branches. Mr. C. H. Tawney, M. A., Vice-President, then took the Chair. The minutes of the last general Meeting were read and confirmed, The following presentations were laid upon the table— 1. From the Californian Academy,—Early Discoveries of the Hawaian Islands in the North Pacific Ocean, by H. A. Peirce. 2. From the Registrar, Calcutta University,—Tagore Law Lectures, 1879,—The Law relating to the Hindu Widow, by Troilokyanath Mitra. 3. From the Bengal Government,—The Wild Silks of India, princi- pally Tusser, by T. Wardle. ~~ 4, From the Madras Government,—(1) A Classified Index to the Sanskrit MSS. in the Palace at Tanjore, by A. C. Burnell, (2) Photographs of Hunpi in the Bellary District, of Amravati, of Ean palt and of Konda- palli in the Kistna District. - §, From the Geographical Society of Lyons,—Rapport Annuel, Séance Solennelle, 23rd December 1880, 64 Publications in the Bibliotheca Indica Series. [APRID, 6. From the authors,—Table showing the conjugation of the Verb substantive in Eastern Hindi, by G. A. Grierson. A Detailed Analysis of Abdul Ghafur’s Dictionary of the Terms used by Criminal Tribes in the Panjab, and a sketch of the Changars and of their Dialect, by Dr. G. W. Leitner. Bi-Metallism at 15$ a necessity for the Continent, for the United States, for England, by H. Cernuschi. 7. Fromthe Home, Revenue and Agricultural Department,—A Com- parative Grammar of the Gaudian Languages with special reference to Eastern Hindi, by Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle. 8. From Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle,—Nos. 5 and 6 of 1880 of the Deutsche Litteratur Zeitung, and On the Khorsabad Inscriptions, by Edward Hincks. 9. From the St. Xavier’s College Ghocrsin bois; teockeie taken from July to December 1880. 10. From the Political Agent, Bundelkhand,—14 Copper Coins. The following Gentlemen are candidates for ballot at the next meeting.— 1. J. Cockburn, Esq., proposed by H. Rivett-Carnac, Esq., seconded by Dr. J. Anderson, 2. Capt. E. Molloy, 5th Ghurkas, Abbotabad, proposed by G. Hughes, Hsq., C. 8., seconded by H. W. McCann, Esq., M. A., D. Se. The SrcreTARY reported that the Hon’ble B. W. Colvin and the Bishop of Rangoon had intimated their desire to withdraw from the Socie- ty; and that the elections of Mr. J. A. Brown and the Rev. J. S. 1: Dasey had been cancelled under Rule 9. The Covunctt reported that Mr. J. C. Douglas had left India, and that Mr. V. Ball had been asked to officiate as Treasurer in his place. The SucrEeTary reported that the following coins had been acquired under the Treasure Trove Act :— From Deputy Commissioner of Kheri, 4 silver and 4 copper coins. From Deputy Commissioner of Chhindwara, 6 copper coins. The SECRETARY announced that the following works had been sanctioned for publication in the Bibliotheca Indica Series, on the recom- mendation of the Philological Committee : 1. The Pardsara Midhava Smriti, to be edited by Pandit Chandra Kanta Tarkdlankdra,* who has just completed an able edition of another law book, the Gobhiliya Stitra. Several MSS, are available and the work will be edited with Madhava’s commentary. = + Apr 181. ra a PLATE I, es denM) — eae het. = Laz - _ BLE. BLANDPORD.—Proe. As, Soc. Bengal ~ oe Ake ey ve = i &¢ 6 @ 6 4. 2 em ee ie na ee a OE? a unoy stad sana 9 — MOVEMENT WIND oY lu | al Wi = ro) a < a Q. Wi (3) 5 fa} Ww a By) aga B z* aia) = lu oO > < Oo z < c hs eo yy Ut Ww =i S 4 i) Ima kK 5 o ie 3 c a > ioe a SCHUBART'S METEOROGRAPH VAN RYSSELBERGHE x OF TRACE ae 1881. ] H. F. Blanford—Van Rysselberghe Meteorograph. 65 2. An English Translation of the Susruta, to be prepared by Dr. U. C. Datta. This is an ancient Hindu medical work, hardly less impor- tant than the Charaka. A portion of it has been already translated by another Babu, under the supervision of Dr. Charles, who has placed his MS. at the service of the Society. 3. The Nagaid el Fezazdag and Jerir, to be edited by Mr. C. J. Lyall in conjunction with Dr. Wright of Cambridge. This work is extremely interesting both from the philological and historical point of view, as it abounds in references to the old pagan history of the Arabs, and the commentary with which the text is provided elucidates many obscure points of that subject. ' Mr. H. F. Buanrorp, F. R.S. exhibited photographs of the Van Rys- selberghe Meteorograph, and specimens of the engraved plates produced by it, with proof impressions from them; and gave a general description of the instrument and its working. A specimen of the record obtained will be found in plate I. After referring to the fact that eye readings of instruments, if taken only 3 or 4 times in the day were insufficient to meet the demands of modern Meteorological enquiry, and if taken hourly and carried on night and day, demanded such an establishment of observers as to practically restrict detailed observation to a few costly observatories, he observed that, for nearly half a century, inventive ingenuity had been directed to the construction of self-registering or autographic instruments. Among the earlier inven- tions of the kind were Whewell’s and Osler’s anemographs, King’s barograph, &c., and among the more elaborate of later inventions, the Kew thermographs and barographs which register by photography, Theo- rell’s barograph which prints in figures the value of the barometer reading at short intervals, and Beckley’s anemograph. These instruments were designed to register either one element of observation only, orat the utmost two, as in the case of the thermograph and the anemograph. Butsome inventors had gone beyond this, and had aimed at registering all the more important elements of meteorological observa- tion by means of one and the same recording apparatus. Such instru- ments are termed meteorographs, and in order to establish communication between the several instruments and the recording apparatus, the former fixed in various parts of the building according to the character of the required exposure, the latter in a secure place in the interior of the build- ing, the aid of electricity had to be called in. A very elaborate instrument of this kind had been in operation for many years at Berne ; another, less elaborate, invented by the late Father Secchi, at Rome; and also at Zi-ka-wei near Shanghae and at St. Xavier’s College at Calcutta. But the latest and most compact, and at the same time the least costly and 66 H. F. Blanford—Van Rysselberghe Meteorograph. [ APRIL, most effective of all, is the very beautiful instrument, originally designed by M. Van Rysselberghe and constructed with many original improve- ments by the very ingenious mechanician M. Schubert of Ghent. Two of these instruments have lately been received for use at Allaha- bad and Lahore; and while awaiting the provision of the requisite accom- modation, at the places of their destination, one of them has been set up and is now in operation at the Meteorological office, No. 4 Middleton Row, Calcutta, and is open to the inspection of such members of the Society as may desire to examine it. The details of the mechanism could hardly be understood without ’ watching the instrument at work, and even then not without some careful study and examination. All that could be attempted would be to give some general idea of its principles. The instrument registers, at successive intervals of ten minutes, the readings of (1), the dry and wet bulb thermometers ; (2), the rain gauge; (3), the direction of the wind; (4), the height of the baransioe and (5), the rate of the wind movement a the previous interval. All these are engraved in succession on a thin metallic plate fixed on a revolving cylinder, and, at the same time, the scale of all the instruments is engraved, so that the values may be at once read off; and when the plate is removed from the cylinder and the trace bitten in with etching liquor, it may be printed from in an ordinary copper-plate press, and any required number of copies obtained for distribution. The principal motive power by which the recording cylinder is made to revolve, and the electric connections with the several instru- ments made and interrupted in succession, is given by clockwork. : This is set in action, on the completion of each ten minutes interval, by an ordinary clock, the minute-hand of which makes contact with a spring projecting from the brass rim which surrounds the clock face, and com- pletes an electric circuit ; the current of which, acting on an electro-magnet releases a detent, allowing the cylinder to revolve, and at the same time causing a shaft to set in action a somewhat complex system of commutators, Two batteries are employed, each consisting of eight Daniell’s elements. One of these serves to work the burin which engraves the trace, by acting on an electro-magnet which pulls back the burin from the cylinder, against which it otherwise presses by means of a spring ; the other, the regulating current, is directed through the several instruments in succession by means of the commutators, and then, act- ing on a series of electro-magnets makes and breaks the engraving current at the proper intervals according to the values indicated by the several instruments. The graduation is effected by passing one or the other current through a brass ring which revolves with the 1881. ] H. F. Blanford—Van Rysselberghe Meteorograph. 67 cylinder and bears a number of deep grooves on its surface corresponding to the graduation of the instruments. A spring which presses on the grooved surface and conveys the current, suffers an interruption of contact when passing over the grooves, and thus produces a minute break in the engraved line, and, when the burin is not engraving, allows it to mark a series of dots corresponding to the graduation. At the commencement of each revolution and before the registra- tion begins, an endless screw which carries the burin is made to revolve through a sufficient distance to bring the burin about = of an inch lower on the plate ; and at the end of every two hours through a somewhat greater distance, leaving a broader interval between the engraved lines and furnishing a time-scale. The first instument which gives its trace is the dry bulb thermometer. The thermometers are open at top, and the tubes give admission to two probes of platinum wire, which, by means of the mechanism before noticed are made to descend slowly until they form contact with the mercurial columns. As the dry bulb thermometer always (except in an absolutely saturated atmosphere) stands at a higher temperature than the wet bulb, its contact is first made, completing the regulating circuit. This acts on an electro-magnet, which, by attracting an armature, completes the burin current and draws the burin back from the cylinder ; and, at the same time, causes a catch to start forward and arrest the further descent of the platinum probe. That of the wet bulb continues to descend, until, on making contact with the mercury, the regulating current acts on another electro-magnet, which interrupts the burin current, releasing the burin, which again presses on and engraves the plate till the regulating current is cut off by the action of the commutator. Next comes the trace of the rain gauge. The rain gauge is now situated on the roof of the office and communicates with the registering apparatus by two wires, which form a part of the circuit of the regulating eurrent. The regulating current (or a branch of it) can always pass through this circuit, when contact is made in the rain gauge. When rain is falling it passes from the collecting funnel into a tip bucket, and this when full tips and empties itself, at the same time making a metallic contact which allows a momentary current to pass. This current acts on an electro-magnet in the registering apparatus below, the armature of which acting on a ratchet wheel makes a small brass cylinder revolve through a single tooth. One half of this cylinder is of greater diameter than the other, the two surfaces being separated by a helical margin, such as might be produced by applying a wedge-shaped strip of brass plate to the surface of a cylinder, with the two rectangular edges of the wedge respectively parallel to the axis and base of the cylinder, while the hypotenuse forms the helical margin. 68 H. F. Blanford—Van Rysselberghe Meteorograph. [ APRIL, A spring, which the mechanism, set in motion by the clockwork, causes to ascend and descend in a direction parallel with the axis of the cylinder, comes in contact with the projecting portion, the breadth of which is the greater the more rain has entered the gauge. During this contact, the regulating current passes, cutting off the circuit of the engraving current, and setting free the graver, which records a line on the plate correspond- ing to the length of the cylindrical surface in contact with the spring. _ Next come the wind directions given by the anemometer. In general construction, the anemometer resembles that of Beckley. The direction of the wind is given by two windmill regulators, which cause to revolve a plate forming the cover of a flat cylindrical box. The plate is metallic and presses on eight insulated springs, set at the eight principal divisions of the compass, and connected with eight wires which lead to the recording apparatus below. ‘There is also a ninth wire always in metallic connection with the revolving plate, and the regulating current passes into the upper plate and down by 6 or 7 of the direction springs and their wires whenever the anemometer wires are brought into circuit by the action of the clockwork. It is never completed through the whole 8 springs. In the upper plate, opposite to the pointer which indicates the wind direction, is let in an insulating piece of glass, and this is always in contact with one and some- times with two adjacent springs, through which therefore, the communi- cation is cut off. The eight direction wires communicate with eight small studs; over which the clockwork mechanism causes a small spring to pass, making contact successively. The regulating current, passing through these and acting in the manner already described, allows the graver to make a short mark corresponding to each of them, with the exception of that one (or two) thrown out of circuit by the plate of the anemometer. Next comes the barometer, and in the case of this instrument, M. Von Rysselberghe has adopted a very beautiful contrivance which dis- penses with the usual corrections for temperature, and enables the barome- ter to give at once its reduced or corrected value. The principle is dis- cussed by M. Van Rysselberghe in his original paper in the volume of the Bulletins de Académie Royale de Bruxelles for 1873 ; and I need only describe it in general terms, by saying that in a syphon barometer such as is used in the meteorograph, the quantity of mercury in the instrument may be so adjusted to the diameter of the tube, that the level of the mercury in the shorter or open arm of the tube is unaffected by changes of temperature. In the open arm of the tube, therefore, the changes of level take place under changes of pressure only. The reading of the baro- meter is communicated by an arrangement similar to that already described in the case of the thermometers; viz., by a steel cylindrical probe which 1881. ] Coins and Antiquities from Khokhrakote. 69 descends until it makes contact with the mercury, closing the regulating current which, in this case acting on an electro-magnet, completes the burin circuit, and causes the withdrawal of the graver. Lastly the counter of the revolutions of the anemometer cups is record- ed. The cups of the anemometer complete the circuit of a branch of the regulating current, once in each revolution ; and this current, acting on a ratchet connected with the mechanism below, causes a graduated metallic rod to be pushed up through staples in which it works stiffly, as long as the recording mechanism is not in action. But coincidently with the last part of the revolution of the recording cylinder, a catch, in descending, makes contact with a projection on the graduated metallic rod, brings the latter back into its initial or zero position, and during the time of contact completes the regulating current, which cuts off the engraving current, and allows the burin to engrave a line of length proportionate to the displace- ment of the rod. Dr. A. F. R. HoERNue exhibited some copper coins and some antiqui- ties found in the ruined town of Khokhrakote lying a short distance to the north of the present town of Rohtak and read the following account of their discovery written by Durga Pershad, Tehsildar of Rohtak. “ Although nothing has to the present day been discovered either from inscriptions, engraving or plates, which in ancient times used to be put into foundations of buildings, to shew the year in which the towns of Rohtak, Khokhrakote, Lalpur and Brahma were built, tradition gives the following brief account. “ This ruined town of Khokhrakote is situated to the north of Rohtak and thousands of years have passed since it was ruined. “Tt is said that the town of Rohtak was founded a few thousand years ago by Raja Rohtas, son of Raja Prichand, that it has derived its name from him, and that on the side of Khokhrakote was built an extensive fort with a small population. This population on the foundation of Rohtak gradually disappeared, and the materials of the fort were removed for the con- struction of another to the east of the town of Rohtak which is now inhabi- ted by ‘ Sheikhs.’ “Tt is also said that this ruined town of Khokhrakote, besides the fort alluded to above, consisted of houses of the employés of the State, a market with a few shops of workmen forming a cantonment, and palaces of petty Nawabs and persons of substance, but that from the time of Raja Rohtas it has ceased to be inhabited. “Another tradition says that it was ruined some time before the foundation of the town of Rohtak. “These two traditions, therefore, almost entirely correspond with one 70 Ooins and Antiquities from Khokhrakote. [ APRIL, another, as, if at the time Rohtak was inhabited, there was a fort at Kho- khrakote, it is very probable that it must have been dismantled and the materials removed to Rohtak. “To the west of Rohtak lies the town of Lalptir, which is said to have been founded by Lalchand Seth a millionaire, and was mostly occupied by money-dealers (Mahajans) and Brahmans, with a small number of Khatries. “In Sambat 1772 this town had succumbed to an overflowing ofa branch river named “ Chomang’’, owing to the inundation of the Jamna river. The marks as to the existence of the former are still visible in the neigh- bourhood of matiz4s Sanghi and Kheri Ballab, by the presence of a few bridges and the uneven ground on which it flowed. The present Gohana canal which runs towards this ruined town of Lalptr, into the Rohtak Pargand, has also been constructed on the bed of the said river. “Large bricks are dug out from the ruined buildings of this town and used in building others at Rohtak. “ With a view to discover objects of antiquity, the Commissioner of the Division and Mr. Wood, Deputy Commissioner, in September or October 1879, inspected these ruined towns and proposed to dig the mound, close to the remains of the old fort, called “‘ Nawabi tila” by the residents of Rohtak, by reason of its being supposed to be the site on which the palaces of the Nawabs were formerly situated, and also on account of its being the highest of all the mounds in this ruinous tract. ‘In November 1879, the District Committee sanctioned an expenditure for the digging of this mound. It was first dug to a depth of 8 or 10 feet below the surface, when a large quantity of earth, which seemed as if it had been thrown in, was dug out, and then ruined walls: were disclosed and a quantity of interesting relics, such as pieces of earthen vessels, bones, and rusty iron, as also a few shells. At about 15 feet lower down, the foun- dations of the walls were at an end, and again earth as above noted was dug out. The diggings continued for 7 or 8 feet, when a second set of | ruined walls was discovered and a small room which contained some decayed jawar grain which on being touched at once became dust. This, and an image which, from being disfigured by decay, could not be made out, but presumably of a deity, the face being very much like the representation of Buddha, were fouind amongst debris and earth. ‘The foundations of the second set of walls having ended at a depth of about 6 or 7 feet, the remains of a third set of walls appeared at about a depth of 38 feet, and when dug to about 6 feet, a small earthen pot, with the mouth covered over with mud, containing some small coins, was found. On the evening of 3rd January 1881, these coins with other relics, shells &c., that were discovered from the mound in question at Khokhrakote, were produced before His Honor the Lieutenant-Governor when encamped at Rohtak, His Honor 1881.] Coins and Antiquities from Khokhrakote. rk after inspection was pleased to order a few of the coins to he sent to him, together with an account as to their discovery. ‘The excavations were carried on to a depth of 60 feet, and the expen- diture incurred was Rs. 459,” Dr. Hoernle observed that there was some uncertainty as to the real depth to which the excavations were carried. At the end of the account, it was stated that the depth was 60 feet, but the amount of the depths of the several diggings previously detailed in the account was much ce : about 80 feet. With regard to the coins, he remarked that they appear to be late Indo- Scythic. In Prinsep’s Indian Antiquities, p. 417 (Plate XXXIV, Nos. 11, 12,18) they are classed as Indo-Sassanian ; but wrongly. They have no trace of the characteristic Sassanian fire-altar, nor of the head of the king in profile. On plate VIII, No. 8 and Plate IV, No. 10 (cbzdem), they are classed as Indo-Scythic, which they undoubtedly are, or rather probably late imitations of them. ‘This is shown by the characteristic “ Siva and bull” on the reverse, so well known from the coins of Kadphises and Vasudeva 4 (see Ariana Antiqua, Plates X, No. 12, XIV, No. 14). ‘[he deterioration _ from the original type can be distinctly traced, in the present series of coins, on the obverse (see facsimile woodcuts). The coins of Kadphises and Vasudeva have, on the obverse, the full figure of the king with a trident in front. The full figure is still.clear on No. 1 (compare No. 10 on Plate 1V of _ Prinsep’s Indian Antiquities, Vol. 1); on No. 2 it has shrunk into mere _ crude outlines; in Nos 3 and 4 the outlines are still more attenuated ; fin | Nos. 5 and 6 the trident may be seen in front of the skeleton figure, on 72 Coins and Antiquities from Khokhrakote. | APRIL, the right ; in No. 7 the same on the left. The reverse of No. 1 resembles that of No. 2. The reverses of Nos. 4,5, 7 resemble that of No. 3. In No. 6 the same deteriorating process may be observed on the reverse; the man and bull having been attenuated to mere outlines. It may be noted that on Vasudeva’s coins, there is a trident in front of the king on the left, and another in his hand on the right; and further, that the final skeleton (as in Nos. 4 and 5) closely resembles the old Nagari characters a (7. ¢., @ + @ + 7 in conjunction), which are very much like the characters that are seen under the arm of the king (in full figure) in the earliest Gupta coins (e.g., of Ghatotkacha). This fact would seem to link the present coins on to the Gupta coins. The antiquities consisted of 16 pieces; viz., 3 images, 2 pieces of rusty iron, 2 pebbles, 3 globular stones, 3 shells (cowries), 4 pieces of “ivory” ornaments. One of the images is a rude, hollow iron figure, broken in 3 pieces representing a squatting man with a top-knot and long pendent ears, another is a very rude full-sized male figure, bow-legged and with arms a-kimbo, unclothed ; apparently a votive figure or a mere child’s toy. The third is the full male figure of a divinity, cut in low relief on a small flat piece (apparently) of the well-known Agra soap-stone, with head-dress, necklace and sacred thread, both arms turned upwards and each supporting some conical object. Of the two pebbles one is the exact half of a well-turned globe; the other is in its natural form. The three globular stones are really spindle-whorls made of clay, of the volcano- shaped kind, described and figured by Mr. Rivett-Carnac in the Journal Asiatic Society, Bengal, Vol. XLIX, page 127. The four so-called “ivory” pieces are the broken parts of two armlets. They are not of ivory, how- ever, as described by the finders, but of conch-shell, as pointed out by the Natural History Secretary. Mr. Batt, Officiating Natural History Secretary, exhibited samples of the sticks used in the hilly districts of Bengal, for producing fire and in connection with them made the following remarks: Some years ago I exhibited a sample of the fire sticks used by the inhabitants of the Nicobar islands; these were cut from some soft white wood, possibly from a species of Bombax. Subsequently in Sambalpur I found that the inhabitants of the jungles there knew how to make fire in exactly the same way, the sticks used being either of the small solid bamboo or the branches of the pothur tree (Croton oblongifolium). In this case my at- tention was drawn to the fact by finding sticks which had been so used cast away in the jungles. On asking the coolies with me whether they understood the art, they immediately set to work in the following manner. 1881.] V. Ball— On the Nature and use of Fire Sticks. 73 Breaking off two pieces of dry bamboo which had about twice the diameter of an ordinary lead pencil, they pointed one of them at one end, and on the side of the other they made a small pit to receive the point ; from the pit a groove or notch was cut across on the side of the stick. This second stick being placed horizontally in position on some dry grass and leaves, was held there by the toes of the principal operator who squatted down for the purpose. Taking the first stick between the palms of his hands and placing the point in the pit, by rubbing his palms together the stick was made to revolve backwards and forwards, and the second operator relieved the first by commencing at the top as the other worked down to the bottom. They continued thus alternately relieving one another, till, in an incredibly short space of time, the pit became charred and soon began to smoke, the fine dust resulting from the friction falling down the already mentioned slit formed a small pile on the tinder and caught the first spark. This being carefully nursed and blown upon, soon burst into a flame. At the ethnological section of the British Association meeting in 1878 I exhibited and described some of these sticks and the communication appeared to excite a considerable degree of interest. This, added to the fact that I have found that even in India many people are not aware that the knowledge of how to produce fire with two small sticks, so far from being extinct, is probably universal throughout some wide tracts in this country—has led me to make further enquiries. On the only two occasions upon which I have been in the jungle this year I have asked the first regularly jungly men I met with whether they could make fire; both replied in the affirmative and made good their words by producing a flame in a very short space of time. The first case happened not many miles distant from Deoghur; here the sticks used were the already mentioned pothur (Croton oblongifolium) : these are now exhibited. The second case occurred inthe centre of the Kharakpur Hills where I came across a tribe of people called Naya. Their headman, who, by the way, was a most curious and amusing individual, on being asked to produce fire sent one of his companions for the sticks to the jungle close by. He returned, not with the pothur, but with the woody stems of a thorny creeper. The thorns having been removed, a pit was made qta node or joint, and then, in the usual way, a very few turns produced a spark ; these sticks I also now exhibit. This creeper has three native names, Kumari (or Kumree) Dahnee and Maskanti; although I omitted to get leaves or flowers I am fully satisfied that it is aspecies of the genus Smilax and in this opinion Dr. Feistmantel agrees with me. Most of the common species of Smilax have scarcely got woody stems, and in this one it is noteworthy that the wood much more closely resembles that of an Endogenous, than that of an Exogenous plant. 74 V. Ball—On the Nature and use of Lire Sticks. [ APRIL, So anomalous are the characters of the genus that Lindley long ago pro- posed a special class, the Dictyogens, for its reception. Among its anoma- lous characters I do not know whether its woody structure has been specially noticed. There is every probability that this Simzlar was the so-called Vine which was known to the ancients as affording the wood with which fire was pro- duced. | a Dr. Feistmantel has called my attention to a passage in Sir Emerson Tennent’s ‘ Ceylon’ (Vol. II, p. 451) in which the Veddahs are described as making fire in this way with the pieces of an arrow which they broke in two for the purpose. Mr. Tawney referred to Professor Kuhn’s ‘ Herabkunft des Feuers und des Géttertranks’, and mentioned that it appeared from passages quoted by that writer from Greek and Latin authors, that the wood of certain creepers was preferred for kindling fire by friction. Theophrastus states that the lower of the two pieces of wood should be made of ivy, or of a creeper named dpayévyn, resembling the wild vine. - Pliny also tells us that edera and vitis Silvestris, alia quam labrusca, et ipsa edere modo arborem scandens were preferred for the lower of the two fire-sticks,. or mupela as they were called by the Greeks. It was therefore very interesting to observe that the fire-sticks exhi- bited by Mr. Ball appeared to be made of the wood of a creeper, and a creeper resembling in appearance the wild vine. Among the Greeks and Romans the upper stick or borer was frequently made of laurel. Butit is also stated that both sticks were often of the same wood, and the wood of the thorn, the ilex, and the linden seem also to have been used. Kuhn points out that Greek, Roman, and Indian accounts represent the process of attrition as -performed by the help of a thong, and not as Mr. Ball saw it, with the hands alone. The following papers were read— 1. On the Relations of Cloud and Rainfall to Temperature in India, and on the opposite variations of Density in the Higher and Lower Atmo- spheric Strata. By H. F. Buanrorp, F. R.8., Heteorological Reporter to the Government of India. (Abstract.) The paper treated of two subjects, which had been incidentally dis- cussed in the author’s official Report on the Meteorology of India in 1879, ae AF eh eee ee ee ei sees eee ee a 2 1881.] H. F. Blanford—Relations of Cloud and Rainfall to Temperature. 75 but which, being of general and not merely temporary interest, the author had thought desirable to recast as the subjects of a special paper for the Society. . The first of these was a discussion of the circumstances which mainly determine those marked variations of temperature, that characterize the corresponding seasons of different years in India. Adverting to a paper recently communicated to ‘ Nature’ by Mr. Douglas Archibald, in which Mr. Archibald had shown some reasons for inferring that the cyclical variations of rock-temperature, brought to light by Prof. Piazzi Smythe, were determined by corresponding cyclical variations of cloudiness in the atmosphere, the author remarked that this view was in part identical with that which he had originally suggested in a paper read before the Society in June 1875 ; wherein he had endeavoured to show that the temperature of the lower atmosphere on the land surface, in India, depends more on the quantity of cloud and rainfall, than on variations of the solar intensity. Evidence bearing on this subject, drawn from the meteorological observa tions of the last 6 years, was then brought forward. The temperature of the air and ground as observed at Calcutta in the first five months of 1879 was contrasted with the corresponding temperatures of 1880, and the difference shown to accompany marked variations in the cloud and rainfall. Similar evidence was obtained when the temperature of the N. W. Provinces in the hot months and rains respectively of the years 1877 and 1879 were compared, the variations of the two seasons being in opposite directions in the two years compared ; and these were shown, in like manner, to have accompanied very striking variations in the cloud proportion and rainfall. The action of the different agencies which most powerfully influence temperature at different seasons was discussed briefly, with the result that, only in November and December, is the effect of cloud to raise the tempera- ture above the normal value. At all other seasons, the effect is the opposite, and hence abnormally cloudy and rainy years are abnormally cool years. The second subject discussed was the variations in the density of the lower and higher strata of the atmosphere, as shown by a comparison of the barometric pressures at hill stations with those on the plains. It was shown that, in many cases, the density of the lower strata of the atmosphere was below the average, when the barometric pressure as a whole was in excess of the average, and vice versd ; indicating that the higher strata must have an anomaly of the opposite character to that of the lower. It was also shown that a similar opposition of conditions is of annual recurrence at the setting in of the rains, and that it might therefore he probably traceable to some definite play of physical causes. Then adverting to a former discussion, in which it had been shown that the principal cause 2 76 H. F. Blanford—-On a Raingauge with Evapometer. [APRIt, affecting the density of the atmosphere is change of temperature, after referring to a recent paper by Mr. Douglas Archibald in the Journal of the Meteorological Society of London, in which this view had been revived and established, some additional evidence was adduced in its support ; and it was finally pointed out that, while, as shown in the former part of this paper, the action of cloud and rain was to lower the temperature of the lower strata of the atmosphere, their effect on the higher strata would probably be of the opposite character, which would explain and reconcile the apparent barometric anomaly in question. This paper will be published in the Journal, Part IT. 2. Description of a Raingauge with Evapometer for remote and secluded stations (with a Plate).—By H. F. Buayrorp, F. R.S., Meteorolo- gical Reporter to the Government of India. (Abstract. ) The paper described a raingauge, intended for use at stations at which there was no resident observer, and which could only be Visited at intervals of a month or more ; such as were certain hill-tops and stations in forest tracts. ‘The idea had been suggested by Mr. Hutchins of the Mysore Forest Department in an official letter, which had been sent to the author for report. He had made some additions to the design sent up by Mr. Hutchins, and a gauge had been constructed in accordance with the modified design at the Mathematical Instrument Department, and had been subjected to a year’s verification at the Alipore Observatory. The result of this verification was now communicated to the Society. The gauge only differed from an ordinary raingauge in having a very large receiver, capable of holding about 30 inches of rainfall. The receiver was surrounded by an outer casing to diminish evaporation, and, in use, was buried in the ground, the mouth being about one foot above the ground level. Accompanying it, was a smaller vessel of the same diameter, but much shallower, and covered with a conical lid having a small perfora- tion at the apex; which was protected by a small conical cap, to prevent the entrance of rain. This served as an evapometer. In use a measured quantity of water (say = 2 inches of rainfall) was placed in both vessels, and they were then left undisturbed for a month. At the end of that time, the quantity in each vessel was remeasured. ‘The additional water in the guage being added to the loss in the evapometer was assumed to be the total rainfall of the interval. | A year’s verification at Alipore, where the rainfall was also measured daily, showed that the instrument was less accurate than had been hoped, 1881. | Library. aX but was nevertheless calculated to give an approximate result when great accuracy was not important. It had been found that the evaporation from the evapometer exceeded that from the gauge by quantities varying 3 from + inch to 2 inch in different months, and the total error in ten months AE amounted to 43 inches. The cause of the error being obvious, it appeared | probable that it might be greatly reduced or even corrected by increasing the depth of the evapometer, and by enlarging the conical cap, which would diminish the evaporation. This paper will be published in the Journal, Part II, with a Plate. 3. On some Lepidopterous Insects belonging to the Rhopalocerous Genera Euripus and Penthema from India and Burmah.—By J. Woonv- Mason, Deputy Superintendent, Indian Museum. This paper will be published in the Journal, Part II, No. 2 for 1881. 4. A list of Butterflies taken in Sikkim in October 1880 with notes on habits, &c.—By LIONEL DE NIcE’VILLE. This paper will be published in the Journal, Part IT, No. 1 for 1881. The following communication has been received — On the Revenues of the Mughal Himpire.— By H. G. Kuensg, C. S. fh BRARY. The following additions have been made to the Library since the meeting held in March last. J RANSACTIONS, J ROCEEDINGS AND JOURNALS, 4 presented by the respective Societies and Lditors, q Bombay. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol. X, Parts 116 and 117, March | 1881. Bordeaux. Société de Géographie Commerciale,—Bulletin, Nos. 3, 4 ¥ and 5. — Caleutta. Agricultural and Horticultural Roe of India,—Journal, Vol, VI, Part 3. Lennox, P. de Laval.—Remarks on Cattle disease in the district of Kangra, its treatment and remedy. Notes on the preparation of the Rhea F Fibre, by certain residents of the Bhagulpore district. Communicated by the Govern- ment of Bengal. Sandys, T.—Remarks on Rhea cultivation and preparation. Pogson, Capt. J. ¥.—Notes on the introduction of certain Food Grains and Economic Plants into the Himalayas. Notes on some neglected Fibres, Trees yielding India Rubber, 78 Library. [ APRIL, Leipzig. Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesellschaft,—Zeitschrift, Vol. XXXITI, Part 4, 1880. Lille. Union Géographique du Nord de la France,—Bulletin, Nos. 1—5, July to November 1880. London. Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland,—Journal, Vol. XIII, Part 1, January 1881. om—-—, Statistical Society,—Journal, Vol. XLIII, Part 4, December 1880. . Royal Microscopical Society,—Journal, Vol. I, Part 1, Feb- ruary 1881. Summary of current Researches relating to Zoology and Botany (principally Invertebrata and Cryptogamia) Microscopy, &c., including original Commu- nications from Fellows and others. Royal Geographical Society,—Proceedings, Vol. III, Nos. 1—2. Institution of Mechanical Engineers,—Proceedings, No. 4, 1880. Royal Astronomical Society,—Monthly Notices, Vol. XLI, es 2 and 38. Memoirs,—Vol. XLV, 1879-80. —. Nature,—Vol. XXIII, Nos. 590, 592 and 593. » The Atheneum,—Nos. 2781—2785. The Academy,—Nos. 457—462. Lyons. Société de Géographie,—Bulletin, Vol. III, No. 19. Manchester. Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester,—Memoirs, Voi, V4. Proceedings, Vols. XVI, XVII, XVIII, and XIX. - Me scom. Société Impériale des Naturalistes,—Bulletin, Vol. LV, No. 2, 1880. Sévertzow, Dr. N.—HE’tudes sur le passage des oiseaux dans |’Asie Centrale parti- culiérement par le Ferghanah et le Pamir. Paris. la Société de Géographie,—Bulletin, Vol. XX, December 1880. Pisa. Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali,— Atti, Processi Verbali, 9th January 1881. Rome. Societa degli Spettroscopisti Italiani,—Memorie, Dispensa ei October und November 1880. Schaffhausen. La Société Entomologique Suisse,—Bulletin, Vol. VI, No. 2. Simla. United Service Institution of India,—Journal, Vol. IX, No. 46, 1880. St. Petersburgh. Russian Geographical Society,—Proceedings, 1879. L’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg,—Bulle- tin, Vol. XXVI, No. 2. Martens, E. V.—Mollusques recueillis en Arménie par M. Alexandre Brandt. Memoires,—Vol. XX VII, Nos. 5—12. No. 5. Moller, Valerian V.—Die Foraminiferen des Russischen Kohlenkalks. No. 7. Schrenck, Dr. Leop. Vi—Der Erste Fund einer Leiche Von Rhinocerois Merckii Jaeg. ~~ 1880. 1881. ] Library. 79 No. 8. Bunge, Al.—Pflanzen-geographische betrachtungen tiber die Familie der Chenopodiaceen. No. 10. Heer, Dr. O.—Nachtrage zur Jura-Flora Sibiriens gegriindet auf die _ von Herrn Richard Maak in Ust-Balei gesammelten Pflanzen. No. 12. Abich, H.—Hin Cyclus Fundamentaler Barometrischer Héhenbestim- mungen auf dem Armenischen Hochlande. Vienna. Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Archiv fiir 6sterreichis- che Geschichte,—Vol. XL, Part 2; Vol. XLI, Parts 1—2; and Vol. XLII, Part 1. Sitzungsberichte, — Philosophisch-historische Classe, Nos. 2 and 8, Vol. XCVI. ; Sitzungsberichte,—Mathematisch-Naturwissenschafti- liche Classe, Part I, Vol. LXXXI, Nos. 1—5; Vol. LXXXII, Nos. 1—2: Part II, Vol. LXXXI, Nos. 4—5 ; Vol. LXXXTI, Nos. 1—2: Part III, Vol. LXXXI, Nos. 4—5; Vol. LXXXII, Nos. 1— Vol. LXXXI, Pt. I, Nos. 1-4. Fuchs.—Ueber einige tertiare Hchiniden aus Persien. —_— Pt. I, No. 5. Zouta.—Geologische Untersuchungenim westlichen Theile des Balkan und in den angrenzenden Gebieten. Vol. LXXXII, Pt. I, No.1. Steber.—Zur Kenntniss dernordbéhmischen Braun- kohlenflora. ——. Pt. I, No.2. Steindachner.—Ueber eine neue Pythonart (Phython Breitensteini) aus Borneo. Vol. LXXXII, Pt. III, Nos. 1-2. Langer.—Die Foramina Thebesii im Herzen des Menschen. Vienna. Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften,—Sitzungsberichte, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe, Register, zu den Baenden 76 Bis 80. Denkschriften,—Mathematisch-naturwissenschafti- liche ea: Vols. XL and XLII. Vol. XLII. Hoernes.x—Materialien zu einer Monographie der Gattung Megalo- dus mit besonderer Beriicksichtigung der mesozoischen Formen. . Almanach 1880. Pooks AND PAMPHLETS, presented by the Authors. ; Cernuscui, H. Bi-Metallism at 15} a necessity for the Continent, for the United States, for England, 8vo., London, 1881. Pam. _ Lerrner, Dr. G. W. A detailed Analysis of Abdul Ghafur’s Dictionary of the Terms used by Criminal Tribes in the Panjab. Fep., Lahore, 1880. A sketch of the Changars and of their Dialect. Fep., Lahore, 80 Library. [ APRIL, MiscELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences at a Reception given to the Capt. and Officers of the U. S. Steamer “Thomas Corwin” and Captains of the Pacific Whaling Fleet on their return from the Arctic. 8vo San Francisco, 1880. Prtrce, H. A. Early discoveries of the Hawaiian Islands in the North Pacific Ocean. 8vo., San Francisco, 1880. CALIFORNIAN ACADEMY. Mirra, Tromnokyanatu. Tagore Law Lectures, 1879. The Law Relating to the Hindu Widow. S8vo, Calcutta, 1881. THe Catcurta UNIVERSITY. Report on Municipal Taxation and Expenditure in the Lower Provinces of Bengal, for the year 1879-80. Fep., Calcutta, 1880. Wanrpie, T. The Wild Silks of India, principally Tusser. Fep., Lon- don, 1880. . BENGAL GOVERNMENT. Burnett, A. C. A classified Index to the Sanskrit MSS. in the Palace at Tanjore. 4to., London, 1880. Mapras GOVERNMENT. Société de Géographie. Rapport Annuel, Séance Solennelle, 28rd Decem- ber 1880. 8vo., Lyons, 1881. GEOGRAPHICAL Socrery oF Lyons. Report on the Judicial Administration (Civil). of the Central Provinces for the year 1880. Fcp., Nagpur, 1881. CHIEF COMMISSIONER, CENTRAL PROVINCES. Records of the Geological Survey of India, Vol. XIV, Part 1, 1881. 8vo. The Indian Antiquary, Vol. X, Parts 116 and 117, March 1881. 4to., Bombay, 1881. | Horrnuz, Dr. A. F. R. A comparative Grammar of the Gaudian Lan- guages, with special reference to the Hastern Hindi. 8vo., London, 1880. Homes, REVENUE, AND AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. Deutsche Litteratur Zeitung, Nos. 5 and 6, of 1880. 4to., Berlin, 1880. Hincxs, Rev. Dr On the Khorsabad Inscriptions (from Transactions, Royal Irish Academy). 4to., Dublin, 1850. Dr. A. F. R. Horrnte. Hacerrston, W. J. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Public Libraries. Catalogue of the Books in the Central Lending Department. upon-Tyne, 1880. » Neweastle-upon Tyne, Public Libraries. Catalogue of the Books in the Juvenile Lending Department. 8vo., Newcastle-- upon-Tyne, 1880, 8vo., Newcastle- NEwcAstLE Puptic LIBRARIES. 1881.] Library. | 81 PERIODICALS J URCHASED. Benares, Fallon’s new English-Hindustani Dictionary, Part 2, March 1881. Berlin. Journal fiir reine und angewandte Mathematik,—Vol. XC, Nos. 3—4. 4 Calcutta. Indian Medical Gazette,—Vol. XVI, Nos. 2 and 3, February " and March 1880. Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—Nos. 5—11. : . Nachrichten,—Nos 2—5. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XII, Part 2. ; . Beiblatter,—Vol. V, No, 2. London. Quarterly Review,—Vol, CLI, No. 801, January 1881. . Westminster Review,—Vol. CXV, No. 227, January 1881. ——. Edinburgh Review,—Vol. CLIII, No. 313, January 1881. ——, Publishers’ Circular,—Vol. XLIV, Nos. 1042—1043. ——. Nineteenth Century,—Vol. IX, Nos. 47—48. Messenger of Mathematics,—Vol. X, Nos. 8—9. . Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics,—Vol. XVII, No. 67. 7 Mind,—No. 21, January 1881. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science,—Vol. XXT, No. 81. Brady, H. B.—Notes on some Reticularian Rhizopoda of the “ Challenger” Ex- pedition. Dowdesweil, G. F.—On some appearances of red blood-corpuscles of Man and other Vertebrata. ——, Journal of Science,—Vol. III, Nos. 85—86. . American Journal of Science,—Vol. XX, No. 120. . Ibis,—Vol. V, No. 17. Forbes, W. A.—On the Contributions to the Anatomy and classification of Birds made by the late Professor Garrod. Ramsay, Capt. R. G. W.—Description of two new species of Birds. Biddulph, Maj. J—On the Birds of Gilgit. Shel- ly, Capt. G.—On new species of East African Birds. Gurney, J H.—A List of Birds collected at or near Mombasa, East Africa. Layard, FE. L. and Layard, E. L, C.—Notes on the Avifauna of New Caledonia and the New Hebrides. Nicholson, F. List of Birds collected by Mr. H. O. Forbes in the Island of Java. Journal of Botany,—Vol. X, Nos. 217—218. No. 217. Agardh, J. G.—Species, Genera et ordines Algarum, seu descriptiones succinctee specierum, generum, et ordinum quibus Algarum regnum con- stituitur. Kuntze, Dr. Otto.—Ueber Geysirs und nebenan enstehende verkie- selte Baume. No 218. Hance, H. F.—A new Hong Kong Melastomacea. Annals and Magazine of Natural History,—Vol. VII, Nos. 37—38. No. 37. Liitken, Dr. OC. F.—Spolia Atlantica: Contributions to the knowledge of the changes of Form in Fishes during their growth and Development, especially in the Pelagic Fishes of the Atlantic. Zhomas, O.—Description of 82 Library. [ APRIL. a new species of Mus from Southern India. Butler, A. G.—Description of new species of Lepidoptera in the collection of the British Museum. Miers, E. J.—On a small collection of Crustacea and Pycnogondia from Franz-Josef Land, collected by B. Leigh Smith. Gunther, A. C. L. G.—An Introduction to the Study of Fishes. Wood-Mason, J—On a new species of Papilio from South India, with remarks on the Species allied thereto. No. 38. Butler, A. G.—On a collection of Butterflies from Nikko, Central Japan. Blanford, W. T.—Note on a Central Asiatic Field-Mouse (Mus arianus). London. London Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine,—Vol. XI, Nos. 65—66. The Entomologist,—Vol. XIV, Nos. 212—213. No. 212. Gooch, W. D.—Notes on the Lepidoptera of Natal. Fitch, EZ. A.— The Mangold-fly. The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,—Vol. XVII, Nos. 200— 201. No. 200. Meyrick, H.—Australian gall-making Lepidopterous larve. Sharp, D.—Reviews: Avis préliminaire d’une nouvelle classification de Dytiscide. Edwards, W. H.—The Butterflies of North America, second series, pt. 9. No. 201. Notes on Cucwide in Japan, with diagnosis of a new Species. © Lewis, G.—Notes from Japan. Observations on Vanessa in Japan. Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol. XXIX, Nos. 1472—1477. . Chemical News,—Vol. XLIII, Nos. 1107—1111. Paris. Annales de Chimie et de Physique,—Vol. XXII, January and February 1881. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie,—Vol. VII, Part 2, 1879. Fieber, F. X.—Les Cicadines d’Europe, traduit par F. Reiber. Zhomson, J.— Revue du groupe des Psilapterites. Fuairmaire, L.—Coléoptéres du nord de l’ Afrique. . ——. Revue de Linguistique,—Vol. XIV, Pt. 1, 15th January 1881. Journal Asiatique,—Vol. XVI, No. 3, and Vol. XVII, No. 1. Journal des Savants,—February 1881. Comptes Rendus,—Vol. XCII, Nos. 6—9. ——. Revue Scientifique,—Vol. XXVIII, Nos. 6—11. Revue Critique,—Vol. XI, Nos. 6—10. Revue des deux Mondes,—Vol. XLIII, 15th February 1881, and Vol. XLIV, Ist March 1881. Philadelphia. Manual of Conchology, Part 9. Pooks PURCHASED. Anperson, R. Lightning Conductors, their History, Nature and Mode of Application. Roy. 8vo., London, 1880. Batrour, F. M. A Treatise on Comparative Embryology, Vol. I, 8vo. London, 1880. 1881.] Library. 83 Bangss, J. F. Index Geographicus Indicus, 4to., Calcutta, 1881. Bentiey, R. and Trimen, H. Medical Plants, being Descriptions with original Figures of the Principal Plants employed in Medicine and an account of their Properties and Uses. Parts 12—42 (incl.). 4to., Lon- don, 1876-1880. Bruascu-Bry, Dr. H. A History of Egypt under the Pharaohs derived entirely from the monuments, to which is added a discourse on the Exodus of the Israelites. ‘Translated and Edited from the German by Philip Smith, B. A. 2 Vols. 8vo., London, 1881. ; Hieroghyphisch-demotisches Worterburch enthaltend in wis- senschaftlicher Anordung und Folge den Wortschatz der heiligen und der Volks-sprache und Schrift der alten Aegypter, Vol. V. 4to., Leip- zig, 1880. Buner, E. A. Archaic Classics. Assyrian Texts, being Extracts from the Annals of Shalmaneser II, Sennacherib and Assur-banipal, with Philolo- gical Notes. 4to., London, 1880. Craustus, R. The Mechanical Theory of Heat. Translated by W. R. Browne, M. A. 8vo., London, 1879. Cuirrorp, W. R. Lectures and Essays, edited by Leslie Stephen and Frederic Pollock. Vols. I and II, 8vo., London, 1879. _ Dawkxrys, W. B. Early man in Britain and his place in the Tertiary Period. 8vo., London, 1880. Durr, SHosHeE CuunperR. India, Past and Present; with Minor Essays on Cognate subjects. 8vo , London, 1880. Epxrins, Rev. J. Chinese Buddhism: A Volume of Sketches, Historical, Descriptive and Critical. 8vo., London, 1880. Eeaerine, J. Sanskrit Text Society. Vardhamana’s Ganaratna-Mahoda- hi, with the author’s Commentary, Part I, 8vo., London, 1879. Fazer, Rev. E. Introduction to the Chinese Religion. A Critique of Max Miiller and other authors. 8vo., Hong-Kong. Gamerr, A. A Text Book of the Physiological Chemistry of the Animal Body, Vol. I. Roy. 8vo., London, 1880. Hovzrav, J. C. and Lancaster, A. Bibliographie Générale de l/Astro- nomie ou Catalogue Méthodique des Ouvrages, des Mémoires et des Observations Astronomiques publiés depuis l’origine de l’imprimerie jus- qu’en 1880. Vol. II, fase. 1. Roy. 8vo., Brussels, 1880. Howorrn, H. H. History of the Mongols from the 9th to the 19th Century, Part II, Divisions 1 and 2. Roy. 8vo., London, 1880. _ Keane, A. H. Monograph on the Relations of the Indo-Chinese and Inter-Oceanic Races and Languages. 8vo., London, 1880. Leeer, J. The Religions of China, Confucianism and Taoism described and compared with Christianity. 8vo., London, 1880. 84 : Library. Maxwett, J. C. The Electrical Researches of the Honourable Henry Cavendish, F. R. 8. written between 1771 and 1781; Edited from the original MSS. in the possession of the Duke of Devonshire, K. G. 8vo. Cambridge, 1879. Miter, F. Max. Sacred Books of the East, Vols. IV, V and VII, 8vo., | Oxford, 1880. OppERtT, Dr. G. On the Weapons, Army Organisation, and Political Maxims of the ancient Hindus, with special reference to Gunpowder and Fire- arms. 8vo., Madras, 1880. < Renan, E. The Hibbert Lectures, 1880. Lectures on the Influence of the Institutions, Thought, and Culture of Rome, on Christianity and the Development of the Catholic Church. 8vo., London, I[880. Rewovur, P. C.P. The Hibbert Lectures, 1879. Lectures on the Origin and Growth of Religion as illustrated by the Religion of Ancient Egypt. 8vo., London, 1880. Roscor, H. EH. and ScportEmMeEr, C. A Treatise on Chemistry, Vol. I and Vol. II, Parts 1 and 2. 8vo., London, 1878-80. Sacuav, Dr. C. E. The Chronology of Ancient Nations (of Albiruni). Translated and Edited. Roy. 8vo., London, 1879. Saycge, A. H. Introduction to the pie of Language. Vols. I and II. 8vo., London, 1880. Scnomann, G. F. The antiquities of Greece. Translated by E. G. Hardy and J. S. Mann. §8vo., London, 1880. Semper, Karu. The Natural Conditions of Existence as they affect Ani- mal Life. 12mo., London, 1881. Steeman, C. W. Torpedoes and Torpedo Warfare containing a complete and concise account of the Rise and Progress of Submarine Warfare ; also a detailed description of all matters appertaining thereto, including the latest Improvements. Roy. 8vo., Portsmouth, 1880. Spencer, H. Descriptive Sociology; or Groups of Sociological Facts, classified and arranged. Hebrews and Pheenicians, by R. Scheppig, Ph. D. Fol., London, 1880. Setasinesw, A. F. Sanskrit Text Society. The Institutes of Gautama, edited with an Index of Words. 8vo., London, 1876. Sroxes, Marve. Indian Fairy Tales. Collected and Translated. §8vo., London, 1880. | TrencKner, V. The Milindapafho: being Dialogues between King Milin- da and the Buddhist sage Nagasena. Edited. 8vo., London, 1880. m———. Pali Miscellany, Part I, 8vo., London, 1879, PROCEEDINGS ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. - FOR May, 1881. CUpreae AB UeAS SOS 7S NE peta eae area * : ‘ The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 4th of May 1881, at 9.15 p. mw. The Hon. H. J. Reynonps, C. S8., Vice-President, in the Chair, The minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed. The following presentations were announced— 1. From the Lisbon Geographical Society,—(1) Mocambique, by J. J. Machado, (2) Exploragoes Geologicas e mineiras nas Colonias Portu- ~ guezas, by L. Malheiro. q 2.. From the Department of the Interior, U. S—Annual Report of the U. 8. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories for the year 1877. ; 38. From the Meteorological Reporter to the Govt. of India— __ Description et notices sur I’ installation et Ventretien des Météorographes _ Graveurs de von Rysselberghe et Schubart, construits pour compte du Ministére des Indes Britanniques, by Th. Schubart. P 4. From the authors,—(1) Notice sur une collection de Monnaies Orientales de M. le Comte S. Stroganoff, by Prof. W. de Tiesenhausen, ~ _ (2) The Tea Cyclopedia, by F. Wyman, editor of the Indian Tea Gazette. 7 5. From the Home, Revenue and Agricultural Department,—Selec- tions from the Records of the Government of India, Home, Revenue and _ Agricultural Department, No. 174. 6. From the Museo Publico of Buenos Aires,—(1) Bericht iiber die Feier des 50 Jahrigen Doctor Jubilaeums des Prof. Dr. Hermann Burmeister begangen der 19th December 1879 in Buenos Aires, (2) De- seription Physique de la République Argentine, Vol. III, and Atlas Part 2, __ by Dr. H. Burmeister. ; 86 Appointment of Committees. [ May, 7. From the Royal Society of New South Wales,—Report of the Coun- cil of Education of New South Wales for 1879, (2) Annual Reports of the Department of Mines, New South Wales, for 1878 and 1879. 8. From Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle,—Bibliotheca Orientalis for 1877, by R. Frederici. The following Gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meet- ing, were balloted for and elected Ordinary Members of the Society : : J. Cockburn, Esq. Major HE. Molloy. The Counctrn reported that Mr. V. Ball had been asked to officiate as Natural History Secretary during Mr. J. Wood-Mason’s absence on deputa- tion. The Counctit also reported that Mr. Alexander Pedler had resigned the post of Honorary Secretary and Member of Council and that Dr. H. W. McCann had been appointed in his place. The Covncrt also reported that Mr. Pedler had resigned the post of Trustee of the Indian Museum on behalf of the Society and that Mr. J. Eliot had been elected a Trustee. The SecRETARY reported that Babu Mahendra Chandra Mukhopa- dhaya had been appointed as a temporary copyist in the office on Rs. 15 per mensem. . The SecrETaRy read the names of the following Gentlemen appointed by the Council to serve on the several Committees during the year 1881. Finance COMMITTEE. Dr. Rajendralala Mitra, C. I. E. J. Westland, Esq., C. 8. H. B. Medlicott, Esq., F. R. 8. H. Beverley, Esq., C. 8. J. Eliot, Esq., M. A. LIBRARY COMMITTEE. Dr. Rajendralala Mitra, C. I. E. H. B. Medlicott, Esq., F. R. 8, Col. J. F. Tennant, R. E:, F. R. §. Dr. D. D. Cunningham. C, H. Tawney, Hsq., M. A. Babu Prannath Pundit, M. A, H. F. Blanford, Esq., F. R. 8. Dr. O. Feistmantel. 1881.] Appointment of Committees. 87 ‘J. Eliot, Esq., M. A. H. Beverley, Esq., C. S. Dr. Mohendralal Sircar. Babu Pratapa Ch. Ghosha, B. A. PHILOLOGICAL COMMITTEE. Dr. Rajendralala Mitra, C. I. H. C. H. Tawney, Esq., M. A. Major-General A. Cunningham, C. 8. I. J. Beames, Esq., B.C. S. F. S. Growse, Esq., M. A., C. S. Rev. K. M. Banerjea, LL. D. Dr. Mohendralala Sircar. Dr. G. Thibaut, Hon’ble Whitley Stokes, C. S. L., C. I. E. C. J. Lyall, Esq., B. A., C. S. G. A. Grierson, Esq., C. 8. H. Rivett-Carnac, Esq., C. 8., C. I. E. Nawab Abdul Latif, Khan Bahadur. Moulvie Kabiruddin Ahmed. Babu Dijendranath Thakur. Babu Prannath Pandit, M. A. Babu Protapa Ch. Ghosha, B. A. Major H.S. Jarrett, 8. C. ~ NaturaL History ComMMITTEE. Dr. O. Feistmantel. A. O. Hume, Esq., C. S. G. Nevill, Esq., C. M. Z. S. Dr. D. D. Cunningham. Dr. G. King, F. L. S. Dr. D. Brandis, F. L. S., F. R. §S. S. EH. Peal, Esq. R. Lydekker, Esq., B. A. Capt. G. F. L. Marshall, R. E. L. Schwendler, Esq. Dr. T. R. Lewis. PuysicaLt Science COMMITTEE. H. B. Medlicott, Esq., F. R. S. Major-General J. T. Walker, R. E., F. RB. S. H. F. Blanford, Esq., F. R. S. A. J. L. Cappel, Esq. “ 88 - Predictions for Eclipse of the Sun, 1882. [ May, J. Eliot, Esq., M. A. Col. J. F. Tennant, R. E., F. R. S. Commander A. D. Taylor. L. Schwendler, Esq. F. Fedden, Esq. Corns COMMITTEE. . Dr. Rajendralala Mitra, C. I. HE. Col. J. F. Tennant, R. E., F. B.S. Major-General A, Cunningham, C. S$. I. H. Rivett-Carnac, Esq., C. 8., C. I. E. Hon’ble J. Gibbs, C. 8S. 1, C. I. E. C. H. Tawney, Esq., M. A. Major W. F. Prideaux, S. C. The SrcrEerary read the following table of predictions for Northern India for the Eclipse of the sun May 16th, 17th, 1882, sent by Col. J. F. Tennant, F. R. S. ECLIPSE OF THE SUN, MAY 16, 17, 1882. PREDICTIONS FOR NortTHERN INDIA. CoMMENCEMENT. GREATEST EcuipseE. ENp. Places. Mean Time. |Position. Mean Time. eaves Mean Time.|Position. h m. kh. m. “| Digits. | b.oe Allahahad 2+ sss. s000|. Oy 24:1 41217 5. 1 ,, 54°8 6°314 25> uate 14°. ie Calcutia.. sa. accnes! 2s 249. | 142 BB. 1 25,3838.) 0:780 3,,50°7 | 20 &. Delhi ..cccecccecees| 235,480 | 72 R.-1,, 226 | 7-800 | 2,, 49-4 Seuemee Jabbulpord «vs»rcsv.| 0.5, 182.)119 Ri] 1, 42:51.) 668% 3,,02°8 | 24 R. Kurracheé.......5..| 22,871 | 9 RB.| ©, 08:8.| 6:730 | 1,, 41°19 Gane Lahore .........+..| 23,288 | 61 B.| 1,,030] 8-878 ' 2,390 | am Lucknow :.....000.| 0,, 156 |109 R.] 1,,479| 7154 | 3,,005 110 R. Mooltan............| 23,,07°3 | 39 B.| 0,,468| 7040 | 2,141, 4 RB Mussooree....+.++++| 28,5, 50°59 | 82 RJ 1,, 274 | 8480 | 2,, 545 Lae Pattia...cvaceasecee| 0, 4701138 Ri] 25,160] 6-786 | 8, 346 ) Damme Peshawar? ...0crcc0e] 20.5, OOF 62 R. 0 ,, 44:4 ; 10°136 2 ,, 159 16 L. Shillong .......06+| 1,,331/142 R.| 2,,57:3| 7146 | 4,112] 8 RB Simla j.4s%ece Gane 93,,46°6 |. 78 R.| 1,,21°7| 8740 | 2, 487 een NV. B.—Positions are measured on the circumference of the Sun and to the Right or Left of the Highest point. Dr. Horernuz exhibited a collection of relics which had lately been found by Mr. Beglar in the course of an excavation carried on in the Great Temple of Buddha Gaya, Permission to exhibit them to the Society had been re- 1881.] Dr. Hoernle—Levhibition of relics from Buddha Gaya. 89 ceived from the Lieutenant-Governor, shortly before the meeting ; and Dr. Hoernle explained that he was not in a position to give more information about them than what he had been able to gather in a short conversation with Mr. Wickes from whom he had received the relics. They were said to have been found in the Great Temple at a spot where according to local tradition the throne of Asoka once stood, after digging to a depth of about 20 feet. They consisted of fragments of various kind of gems, corals, gold and silver foil, small pearls, &c. A very large number of them were perforated, showing apparently that they were originally strung on threads. Dr. Hoernle added, that it appeared to him that the theory of their connexion with Agoka’s throne required a great deal of confirmation ; and that it would be well to wait for General Cunningham’s report, to whom, he understood, the relics had been already submitted, before accepting the local tradition. Mr. Ball, who had examined the relics, concurred with Dr. Hoernle as to the doubtfulness of their connection with any throne of Asoka. The result of his examination, as communicated in a letter after the meeting, is as follows: | | “ The collection includes sapphires, (whole and broken), rubies, emeralds (broken), pearls, coral, cornelian, garnet, quartz crystals, lapis lazuli, &e. There are also some heart-shaped pieces of emerald-like glass which have become crusted over from lying in the soil. “There are at least two specimens, one large, of a rare mineral called Tolite or Dichroite. These have been identified by Mr. Mallet to whom I shewed them. ‘They at first sight look like sapphires. “The larger one would be a valued specimen in our mineralogical collection if it could be obtained. “The smashing of the sapphires into small pieces is remarkable. There are a few, however, which are intact.” Mr. Westianp exhibited four old maps of Calcutta and Bengal which he explained had been lithographed for issue with Mr. Sandeman’s continua- tion of Mr. Seton-Karr’s extracts from old Calcutta Gazettes. Mr. Sande- man had left them behind him, in his, now Mr. Westland’s, office, and Mr. Westland thought he would best dispose of them if he offered them to such members of the Society as had any interest in the subject. The first was a map of the Sunderbuns in 1724, apparently a rough sketch by some Dutch skipper. It had been occasionally referred to as evi- dence of the extension of cultivation in these regions ; but some difficulties had been found in identifying some of the settlements named in it, One of them called “‘ Cuipitavai’ he identified as “ Khalifatabad” the pergunna in which Bagahat was situate, near which there were some ancient and large buildings, indicating an early cultivating settlement. ‘ Noldy” farther east 90 J. Westland—Lzhibition of old maps of Bengal. [ May, was no doubt meant for Pergunna Nuldi in Jessore, which, however, was a good way north of its position in the map, and did not properly be- long to the Sunderbuns at all, The “ Jessore’’ mentioned in the map was probably either the original “ Jessore” in the 24-Pergunna district, or the place now known as Khoolna. The present “ Jessore’’ was not known by that name till 1780 or 1790 at the earliest. Another map was a reproduction of a map of Bengal engraved in 1776 from surveys in 1769. Mr. Westland drew attention to the fact that the various districts all bore their territorial names as distinguished from their official ones,—thus, Pachete for Manbhoom, Ramgur for Hazaribagh. He drew attention also to the great change in the Gangetic Delta which had occurred since the date of the map. The Brahmaputra river which the map shewed as flowing east of the Maddapur jungle, Dacca, and the Gan- getic Delta, now flows west of the jungle and Dacca, and breaks in on the north of the Delta. He connected this with another change of which he had independent historical evidence, namely, the opening of the Madhumati branch of the Ganges, a petty stream in this map, but now receiving by far the largest share of the Ganges water, The Ganges had now ceased to find its way farther east, being interrupted and thrown back by the irruption of the altered Brahmaputra into the Megna. He dated these changes between 1795 and 1805, which were years of excessive inundation in the northern district of the Madhumati. | The two other papers were, one a sketch of Calcutta in 1756, and the other a plan of it in 1757. He drew attention to the grouping of the set- tlement round the Fort (on the present Customs House site) and the Park (now Tank or Dalhousie Square) ; and to the creek running up along the line now occupied by the High Court, Government House, and Dhurrum- tolla ; the recollection of which he believed was still preserved in the name of a small street “ Creek Row”’. Mr. Beverley said that the two maps of Calcutta exhibited by Mr. Westland were apparently reprints of maps that were first published in Orme’s History of the War in Bengal.. They had been treated of by him (Mr. Beverley) in para. 104 of his Report on the Census of the Town of Oalcutta (1876), which he read. Mr. Beverley believed that all the old maps of the Town now in existence in Calcutta had been referred to in that Report. He had hoped that Mr. Westland had come across Holwell’s map of 1756, described by him in a letter to the Court of Directors as “an exact plan of your Settlement and of every house in it.” That map ought to be in the India Office, and its publication would throw considerable light -on the early history of the town. Possibly the Society might take steps to have it traced out, and to have copies sent to this country. 1881. | H. G. Keene—Revenues of the Mughul Empire. 91 The following papers were read— 1. On the Revenues of the Mughul Empire—By H. G. Krenz, C. S$. (Abstract.) The Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Part I, No. IV, 1880, contained a paper by Mr. C. J. Rodgers on the copper coins of Akbar. The object of the present paper is to show that Mr. Rodgers’ views regard- ing the amount of Akbar’s revenue are not tenable, and for this purpose various evidence is adduced from historical writings (e. g., the Badshah- namah) and general considerations. The conclusion at which the author arrives is, that “ten krores are the right figure of Akbar’s Revenue, and that the murddi tankah is neither the one-fifth of a dam, nor the modern ‘ double pyce, but an imaginary integer of copper accounts, whereof sixty-four equalone silver Rupee.” This paper will be published in the Journal, Part I. 2. On the origin of the Myth about Kerberos.— By Dr. R. Mirra. The earliest notice of dogs as warders at the entrance of Hades occurs in the Safihita of the Rig Veda. Yama, the regent of that region, it is said, had two canine attendants, each having four eyes, and these brought the dead from the earth to the nether regions. The passages in which they are mentioned are short and sometimes obscure, but their purport is clear enough. The most important of those passages runs thus “ (O Agni) hasten on by an auspicious path, avoiding the two four-eyed brindled dogs, the offspring of Sarama, Then approach the bountiful Pitris who dwell in festivity and with Yama. (To Yama) place the spirit under the eare of thy two four-eyed dogs which guard the roads and thy mansion, and whom men avoid, and keep it in ease and free from disease. The two brown messengers of Yama, broad of nostrils, delighting in other’s life, and of great power, wander about among men. May they give us again the auspicious breath of life, that we may again behold the sun.” (R. V. XV, 10—12). These are quoted in the Yajur Veda, and their counterparts occur in the Atharva Veda. ‘The later literature of the Hindus casually, but very obscurely, refers to them. Thus in the Mahabharata, Yudhisthira in his way to heaven is said to have been led by a dog.” These dogs are either called Svanaw “two dogs,” or Sdrameyau, “ the two sons of Sarama,” the Dawn. In Greek mythology the story of the dogs occurs repeatedly, and is well known to classic scholars ; but for purposes of comparison it is necessary that a few of its salient points shouldbe noticed here. The oldest notice of a dog as the warder of Hadesis to be found in the Iliad of Homer where Héraklégs refers to his “ Haling out hateful Pluto’s dog from darksome Erebos,” 92 Dr. Mitra— Origin of Myth about Kerberos. | May, é& ’EpéBevs afovra xiva orvyepod ’Aidao. (8 368). In the Odyssey (XI, 626) the subject is referred to when Héraklés tells Odysseus that his sufferings are but a reflection of the toils which Heéraklés himself had undergone. *‘ Of all which one was, to descend this strand And hale the dog from thence. He could not think An act that danger could make deeper sink, And yet this depth I drew, and fetch’d as high, As this was low, the dog.” (Chapman’s translation.) In neither place the name of the dog is given ; but Hesiod (III, 11) calls him Kerberos, and assigns him fifty heads. Apollodoros, Euripides and Virgil reduce the number of heads to three ; while some poets prefer to call the animal “ many-headed”’ or “ hundred-headed”’ (Horat. Oarm. II, 18, 34. Tzetz. Lycoph. VI, 78. Seinec. Here. fur. 784). Apollodoros says that the tail of this animal was formed by a serpent, and the mane by a number of snakes of various kinds. It was begotten by Typhon and Echidna. Hesiod describes another dog of the same parentage, and assigns him to Geryones (293). Thus the Greeks had two dogs, the counterparts of the Vedic Sarameyau. Orthros was the shepherd dog which Héra- klés destroyed, and was frightful enough to be reckoned a monster whose destruction would reflect credit on the great hero: the feat repre- sents his eighth labour. This dog is the counterpart of the Vritra of the Vedic legend. He did not, however, attain to any distinction, and was soon forgotten. Kerberos, on the other hand, played a prominent part in Hellenic mythology. As the three-headed monster watching the gate of Hades, it was very much dreaded, and as a dog, like every other dog, was detested by the Greeks. The belief was that he did no harm to those who entered the mansion of Pluto, but tore up those who attempted to escape from it. This is, however, not in keeping with the legend which says that he growled fierce- ly when Orpheus was entering the portals of Hades, and had to be lulled by the enchanting music of that gifted harper. One of the greatest feats of Héraklés was the dragging out of the monster from his nook, and this could not be effected without the assistance of such divine personages as Athéné and Hermés. l The three heads of the animal were not peculiarly its own, for Hermés had the same number of heads, whence his name ‘ Trikephalos,’ and so had Hekaté ‘triformis.’ According to Bryant the meaning of Kerberos is “ darkness” (épeBos)—the darkness of Hades or of night, the Sanskrit equivalent being Sarvara or Sambara, night slain by Indra. 1881. ] Dr. Mitra— Origin of Myth about Kerberos. 93 In Norse legends—as in Baldur’s Dream in the elder Edda—the animal is described as “ spotted with blood on his front and chest.” In the Vendidad it finds a prominent place; nor was it unknown among some of the Turanian and Semitic nations. . The belief in it turns up, curiously enough, among Algonquin tribes of the North American Indians, who say that at the further approach of the snake bridge across the river of the dead there is a warder in the form of a great dog.* Local colouring and minor details apart, the myth is the same every- where, and its wide dispersion bespeaks its extreme antiquity. But what it means has not yet been satisfactorily settled. According to some Kerberos is a symbol of all-devouring time, and the three mouths of the animal represent the present, the past, and the future. Milton accepted it in the sense of man’s conscience, which preyed within him for his past misdeeds. Others believed it to be the symbol of earth, or of the human passions, the victory of Héraklés denoting the conquest which he achieved over his passions. Bryant takes Kerberos to be the name of a place—and it signified the temple of the sun, deriving it from Kir-abor “the place of light.”” The temple was also called Zor-caph-el, which, it is alleged, changed to Trikephalos. The latest theory is that itis an offshoot of the far-reaching bolts myth _- which peopled the eastern and the western heavens with such an endless 4 variety of gods and goddesses. According to this theory, the gloom of the _ morning and the evening represents the two dogs. (Max Miller, ‘Science of _ Language,’ Second Series, p. 478.) The learning, ingenuity and tact with which this theory has been worked out leaves little to be desired. Philolo- gical evidence on the subject is overwhelming, and the coincidences are _ most remarkable. And yet the enquiry does not seem’ to be complete. _ The myth of Kerberos may be due to Sarama = Hchidna, the prolific mother _ of so many romantic stories ; but the question remains why was the story i elaborated ? and what gave occasion to its repulsive character? The Dawn is justly associated with every thing that is charming and full of life; why _ should it be brought into contact with death and destruction? Divested of its mythological surroundings, the substance of the story is made up of the presence of dogs at the time of transition from life to eternity ; this is ill _ explained by the melting of the gloom of night by the appearance of Dawn. _ The dog is made the son of Dawn, or darkness preceeding from light, and - not light proceeding from darkness. Solar influence moreover always _ typifies exuberant vivification, and not death. It is by itself quite inexpli- -eable why the glorious and resplendent Dawn should bring forth two ugly 4 7 If we take man’s life to be the counterpart of the life of the * Tanner’s Narrative, p. 290; Schoolcraft, Indian Tribes, III, 233, _ ‘a ne ght 94, Dr. Mitra Origin of Myth about Kerberos. [ May, sun, in dawning beauty, in midday glory, in evening death, and the myth of the sunset to represent the close of life, the dogs could scarcely be called the sons of Dawn, for they would come with the gloaming, and not with the rising sun, It may be said that the word U’sh4 = Dawn is used for all the three stages of the sun’s course, and the succession of the night to the resplendence of the setting sun is what is meant by the affiliation; but neither Sarama, nor Hermés, nor Hchidna, is associated with the gloam- ing. I am disposed to think, therefore, that the solar theory is not by itself sufficient to solve the question. There was something else—something gross and material—in the life of the ancient Aryans which gave rise to the story, and which was subsequently associated with the current solar mytho- logy. And this something I fancy was connected with the funeral rites of the time. In the most primitive state of human society the simplest and most convenient mode of disposing of the dead was to fling it into the nearest jungle or wild place, either to rot there, or to be eaten up by wild animals. Carrion birds, jackals, foxes and dogs were the animals which were attract- ed by such castings, and dogs, which had been domesticated at a very early age, were necessarily associated with the disposal of the dead. In this plan of funeral the element of chance predominated, for it was quite un- certain when the destruction would be completed by stray animals. To obviate this uncertainity, the most primitive form of funeral was, it would seem, at one time so far modified as to facilitate the consumption of the dead in a short time by enticing wild dogs, or employing domestic dogs, for the purpose. Such an expedient would not be by any means extraordinary. In the present day the Parsis carry vultures to such places where there are none, in order that they may be ready at hand to consume the dead in their Towers of Silence. Such enticement or employment of dogs often repeated would consolidate into a tribal or national custom, and the cutting up of the corpse to facilitate rapid consumption would be an innovation that would be easily introduced. That such a horrible form of funeral did obtain, and still obtains, in some places is unquestionable. According to Herodotus (Lib. I) “the body of a male Persian is never buried until it has been torn either by a dog or a bird of prey. That the Magi have this custom is beyond a doubt, for they practice it without any concealment”. (Rawlinson’s Herodotus i, 140 §). We have the authority of Strabo (Lib. XV) to show that the practice of exposing corpses to be devoured by dogs was current among the Sogdians and the Bactrians, who on this account named their dogs “buriers.” Cicero noticed the same among the Hyrcanians. He says—‘ In Hyrcania plebs publicos alit canes ; optimates, domesticos. Nobile autem genus canum illud scimus esse. Sed pro sud quisque facultate 1881.] Dr. Mitra—Origin of Myth about Kerberos. 95 parat,a cuibus lanietur: eamque optimam illi esse censent sepulturam.” (Quart. Tuscul, Lib. I, 45.) The same custom also obtained among the Parthians, and Justin says “Sepultura vulgo aut avium aut canum laniatus est.” (Lib. XLI, cap. 3.) Prejvalsky has seen it among the Northern Mongolians, where “ the dead bodies, instead of being interred, are flung to the dogs and birds of prey. An awful impression is produced ‘on the mind by such a place as this, littered with heaps of bones, through which packs of dogs prowl like ghosts to seek their daily repast of human flesh.’ (Mongolia..translated by E. D. Morgan, I, p. 14.) Horace della Penna, a Capuchin friar, found at Lhassa, in 1719, the practice of cutting up corpses to be given to dogs to be very common; and Abbé Hue found it among the Tibetans only a few years ago. At the last named place Hue noticed four different forms of sepulture, of which he says, “la quatriéme, qui est la plus flatteuse de toutes, consiste a couper les cadavres par morceau et 4 les faire manger aux chiens. Cette dernicre méthode est la plus courue’. A reminiscence of this practice is still extant among the Parsis. Their funeral ritual requires that when a corpse is brought to the Dakhma, or the place where it is to be given up to vultures, it should be first exhibited to one or more dogs, which, I noticed at Bombay, are kept there for the purpose. This ceremonial is called Sagdzd, and is strictly observed as it is enjoined in their scriptures. (Vendidad, Farg. VII, v. 3.) That this is arelic of the former detestable custom noticed by Herodotus is evident from the fact of the said scriptures enjoining the exposure of corpses on tops of hills that dogs and carrion birds may see and devour them (Vendidad Farg. VII, vv. 73, 74). And since this detestable practice exists now, and did exist three thou- sand years ago and earlier, there is nothing very presumptuous in the Supposition that it existed among the Aryans in their common home in cen- tral Asia, before their dispersion to Europe and India, between four and five thousand -years ago. From these Aryans the~ Parsis have derived their custom of giving up their dead to be devoured by vultures, and exhibiting them to dogs, and from them has come the myth of dogs at the portal of death. ; | If on the strength of these arguments it could be assumed that the custom of consigning corpses to dogs did at one time prevail among the Aryans, the details of the myth could be easily and very consistently explained. The idea of Hurytheus sending Héraklés to destroy a dog that did not exist on earth, and consequently did no harm to any body is a very fanciful, not to say an unmeaning one. But if the above theory __ be accepted, it would follow that the story isa mythical representation of _ Heéraklés having been the first to set about putting a stop to the barbarous ‘ practice of casting the dead. to dogs, though the attempt did not prove SK. 96 Dr. Mitra—Origin of Myth about Kerberos. [May, ultimately successful, for, according to the fable, Héraklés restored the dog to its place at the infernal gate. Not that Héraklés was an entity, for even Herodotus rejected some of his exploits on physical grounds, but the mythical embodiment of the good actions of man. Similarly the Orpheus myth would suggest the idea of the repugnance which men must have felt in allowing their loved ones (symbolised in the story in the person of Eurydiké) to be eaten up by such hateful animals, and of an attempt—an unsuccessful one again—to put down that custom. It might be that the myth of Orpheus belongs to the same class with that of Bacchus recovering his mother Semelé from Hades, and of Ulysseus, Odin and others visiting Hades, in which the original idea is of Hades being accessible to mortals under certain circumstances. The three or more heads of Kerberos may be accepted as implying plurality, or many-sided watchfulness, or both; and the quadruple eyes of the Vedic legend typify the same idea. The serpent’s tail and the snaky mane of the dog would be the instruments with which corpses were cut up into small morsels. The association of Kerberos with the Dawn by making him the son of Dawn = Sarama = Echidna implies that the removal of the dead in primitive times was generally effected at early morn. Itwas soamong the Greeks; it is still the case with the Parsis and Tibetans. Ancient Hindus absolutely prohibited cremation at night, and in a verse of Yama, quoted in the Nirnayasindhu, it is said, “ Let not cremation, the first $raddha and travelling be performed at night or at dusk, for if done they would be fruitless.”* This is not now strictly followed, and to provide for it, a later authority, the Skanda Purana, ordains that “ should the crema- tion be commenced at night it should not be completed until day dawns, so that the offering of water and other rituals may be accomplished in day- light”.+ The idea was carried further by declaring death at night to be unwelcome. ‘Thus in the Bhagavadgita, “Should a person die in gloom, at night, during wane, or in course of the six months of the southern declen- sion of the sun, he would go to the region of the moon, and then return to the earth, (but never attain salvation)’’.{ Manu indirectly explains the * gagrat at Tal Wal ere: Weaaw FI qaaTSs AT Hata Ba farwwai asia i qaqa | + afeud eta ay vafaerae gq qiseafed wal ara awe afaaT I BIRT Ae | t yar Ufaqut HU ware efaurae | aa argud Sfaarat stag faaad v Vaasa | 1881. ] Dr. Mitra—Origin of Myth about Kerberos. 97 object of the prohibition by saying that night is the time for sleep and day for work, and since the wane represents the night of the Pitris, and the southern course of the sun the night of the Devas, offerings at those times are not received by them. Most Smritikaras have quoted these verses as authorities. With these elements at hand the construction of the myth would be perfectly intelligible, and the course of its development would be easily accounted for. ‘That such was really the case it would be impossible in the present state of our information to assert with absolute certainty ; but that the theory affords a natural and consistent solution of a very puzzling question, I am disposed to fancy, will be generally admitted. Were it otherwise, still there would be little to undo the explana- tion here attempted. It is not necessary to look for entire and absolute consistency in all the details of the story. Neither Hindu nor Greek Mythology was a system designed to be consistent in all its parts. The fables took their rise from various causes, under different circumstan- ces, to elaborate particular facts or ideas, impressive sights or vivid impres- sions, play on words or poetical thoughts, and gradually they came to be digested, very crudely at best, as a system. Or,as Max Miller very aptly ; says, “there were myths before there was Mythology, and it is in this, their original and unsystematic prevalence, that we may hope to discover the genuine and primitive meaning of every myth”. (‘“ Chips” II, p. 147.) ‘The question is, did the first germ of the story proceed from avery obtrusive fact, a funeral, which was afterwards worked out into a story, or a mere poetical idea, from the first start ? and all I contend for is, that the former branch of the alternative appears more likely to be true than the latter. Mr. Westland remarked on the fanciful nature of the two derivations given by the learned doctor, one of which would make Kerberos mean “The darkness of Erebus” and the other “the temple of Light”. He objected to Hercules, himself a solar myth, beingeclothed with flesh and made to appear as an actual reformer of funeral customs. He also pointed out that whether the solar-myth theory was right or wrong, nothing in the learned doctor’s paper came in proof or in disproof of it ; inasmuch as_ that paper was devoted to shewing the origin of the idea of the dog himself, whereas the Solar-myth theory only pretended to shew how the dog, having been originated, was clothed with certain attributes. Dr. Mitra explained that the derivations were not his own, but obtained _ from leading authors, and that the mythical character of Hercules did not in any way affect the question at issue. ‘The attempt was to resolve one or more myths into their primary elements and not to preserve their entity. ev * 98 Mr. Lincke—Kwcavation of Jowhri Di. [May, 3. An account of the excavation of a mound called Jowhri Di, near the village of Imadpur, in the Muzafferpore District.— By J. H, Lincxe, C. E. (Abstract. ) The mound is some 100 feet square and some 10 feet high with a few very ancient peepul trees growing on it. A drift which was run from the east at the level of the natural ground into the mound brought to light a wall, 4 feet deep and 4 feet broad, and beyond it a flooring of bricks ona thin layer of sand. Similar drifts were made from other sides, with a similar result. Thus the three sides of a square fort were laid bare, with a sort of solid bastion at the south-west corner and a porch in the centre of the east wall. On the fourth side of the fort, no remains of a wall were discovered. Part of the brick flooring in the middle of the fort was . removed and a well dug 4 feet deep, disclosing evidences in the shape of broken brick and pottery of the mound having been artificially made. Of the superstructure nothing certain is known. ‘There is said to have been once a tower, three stories high. Tradition says that there was a fort and town of the Cheri Raja at this spot, long anterior to the Muhammadan conquest, and that the last Cheri Raja having been defeated in battle de- stroyed himself and his family and treasure with the castle which was burnt. Specimens of the antiquities found during the excavations were sent with the paper and exhibited to the meeting. They consisted of highly glazed pieces of broken pottery, remains of clay-toys or votive figures, clay spindle whorls (such as noticed by Mr. Rivett-Carnac, in the Journal of 1880), pieces of bone, etc. The last were identified as those of a tur- tle. ‘Two brass figures of Vishnu and Ganega were also sent to be exhibit- ed. They had been obtained by Mr. Lincke from a villager, who said he had dug them up in a field near the mound. The figures bear, at the foot, short inscriptions, the form of the letters of which shows that they are comparatively modern. The inscription on the figure of Krishna reads efcfate Zo ya abbreviated for efxfaiea fq wa Zz. ¢., “a religious gift dedicated to Hari”. That on the figure of Ganega is too badly cut to be clearly read, but the first word appears to be Kanha the name of the donor; the last two are deya dharmma “a religious gift’. Specimens of the antiquities found in or near the mound were exhibit- ed at the meeting. : This paper will be published in the Journal, Part I. @ 1881. | Library. 99 LIBRARY. The following additions have been made to the Library since the meeting held in April last. J RANSACTIONS, PROCEEDINGS AND JOURNALS, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Berlin. K. preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften,—Monatsbericht, November 1880. Bombay. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol. X, Part 118, April 1881. . Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society,—Journal, Vol. XIV, No. 38. Bordeatix. Société de Géographie Commerciale,—Bulletin, No. 6, 1881. Calcutta. Registers of Original Meteorological Observations for January, February and March 1881. Dresden. Sitzungs-Berichte der Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Isis, January to December 1880. Dublin. Royal Geological Society of Ireland,—Journal, Vol. V, Part 3. Haughton, Rev. S.—Notes on the Annual Water-discharge of Large Rivers, with Indications of some new Metheds of Calculation. Ball, Vi—On Spheroidal Jointing in Metamorphic Rocks in India and elsewhere, producing a Struc- ture resembling Glacial ‘Roches Moutonnées’”’. Haughton, Rev. S.—On Rossetti’s Law of Cooling, applied to the consideration of the relative effects of Sun-heat, Harth-heat, Star-heat, and Atmospheric Conditions, upon Cli- mates during Geological Time. Ball, V.—On the Evidence in favour of the belief in the existence of Floating Ice in India, during the deposition of the Talchir (Permian or Permio-Triassic) Rocks. Ball, Vi—On the Coal Fields and Coal Production of India. Bal/, ¥V.—On the mode of occurrence and Distribution of Gold in India. London. Society of Telegraph Engineers,—Journal, Vol. IX, No. 34. Geological Society,—Quarterly Journal, Vol. XXXVII, Part 1. Carrall, J. W.—On the Locality of some Fossils found in the Carboniferous Rocks at T’ang Shan, China. Royal Society,—Proceedings, Vol. XXXI, Nos. 207 to 209. Royal Astronomical Society,—Monthly Notices, Vol. XLI, No. 4. Royal Geographical Society,— Proceedings, Vol. III, No. 3. The Academy,—Nos. 463—466. The Athenzum,—Nos. 2786-2789. Nature,—Vol. XXIII, Nos. 582, 594, 596—597. Rome. Beocicta degli Spettroscopisti Italiani,—Memorie, Vol. IX No. 12, December 1880 ; ; Index to Vol. LX, 1880 ; and Vol. X, No. 1, January 1881. Shanghai. North-China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Journal, Nos, 13 and 14. HI 100 Library. [ May, St. Petersburgh. L’Académie Impériale des Sciences,—Bulletin, Vol. XXVI, No. 3. : Dorn, B.—Sur les monnaies des Ileks ou anciens Khans de Turkestan. Mémoires,—Vol. XX VII, Nos. 183—14. Dansky, J. and Kostenitsch, J—Ueber die Entwickelungsgeschichte der Keim- blatter und des wolff’schen Ganges in Hiihnerei, Russian Geographical Society,— Proceedings, Vol. XVI, 1880, and Vol. XVII, 1881. Acta Horti Petropolitani, ty VII, Part 1. Sydney. Royal Society of New South Wales,—Journal and Proceedings, Vol. XIII, 1879. Trieste. Societa Adriatica di Scienze naturali Bollettino,—Vol. VI, No 1. Yokohama. Asiatic Society of Japan,—Transactions, Vol. IX, Part 1. Pooks AND PAMPHLETS, : ° presented by the Authors and Editors. TIESENHAUSEN, Prof. W. de. Notice sur une collection de monnaies Orientales de M. le Comte S. Stroganoff. 4to., St. Petersburgh, 1880. Wrman, F. The Tea Cyclopedia, a volume of Selections from leading and original articles, correspondence and papers collated from the last eight volumes of the Indian Tea Gazette and from several other valuable sources. Roy. 8vo., Calcutta, 1881. MiscELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS, Bericht tiber die Feier des 50 Jahrigen Doctor-Jubilaeums des Prof. Dr. Hermann Burmeister begangen der 19 December 1879 in Buenos Aires Als Manuscript gedruckt. 8vo., Buenos Aires, 1880. Burmeister, Dr. H. Description Physique de la République Argentine. Vol. III, Part 1. 8vo., Buenos Aires, 1880. Atlas, Part 2, Lepidopteres, Fol., Buenos Aires, 1880. MusrEo Pusiico pE BuEenos AIRES. Eleventh Annual Report of the U. S. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories embracing Idaho and Wyoming, being a Report of Progress of the exploration for the year 1877. By F. V. Hayden: 8vo. Washington, 1879. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, U. S. AMERICA. Fauion’s new English-Hindustani Dictionary, Part II, March 1881. - The Indian Antiquary, Vol. X, No. 118, April 1881. Selections from the Records of the Government of India, Home, Revenue and Agricultural Department, No. 174. Reports on publications issued and registered in the several Provinces of British India, during the year 1879. 8vo., Calcutta, 1881. Homer, REVENUE AND AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. 1881.] Library. 101 Frepericr, K. Bibliotheca Orientalis for 1877. Dem. 4to., London. Dr. A. F. R. HoEernze. Macuapo, J. J. Mocambique, 8vo., Lisboa, 1881. Matuerro, L. Exploracgoes Geologicas e Mineiras nas colonias Portugue- zas. 8vo., Lisboa, 1881. GEOGRAPHICAL Socrety oF LiszBon. Records of the Geological Survey of India, Vol, XIV, Part 1, 1881. 2 BENGAL GOVERNMENT. , Report on the Judicial Administration (Criminal) of the Central Provinces for the year 1880, Fcep., Nagpur, 1881. CHIEF CoMMISSIONER, CENTRAL PROVINCES. Report on the Administration of the Madras Presidency, during the year 7 * 1879-80, 8vo., Madras, 1880. Mapras GOVERNMENT. Reports of the Council of Education upon the condition of the Public Schools, and of the certified Denominational Schools for the year 1879, 8vo., Sydney, 1880. Annual Report of the Department of Mines, New South Wales, for the year 1878-79, 4to., Sydney, 1879-80. With a map. Royat Society oF New Sourn WaALEs. Scuusart, Tu. Description et notices sur I installation et I’ entretien * des Météorographes graveurs de von Rysselberghe et Schubart, con- struits pour compte du Ministére des Indes Britanniques. 8vo., Gand, 1880. Mrreror. REPORTER, Govt. or INDIA. PERIODICALS PURCHASED, Calcutta. The Indian Medical Gazette,—Vol. XVI, No. 4, April 1881. The Calcutta Review,—Vol. LXXII, No. 144, April 1881. Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—Nos. 12—16, 1881. . Nachrichten,—Nos. 6-7, 1881. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XII, Part 3. ‘ Beiblatter,— Vol. V, Part 3. London. The Nineteenth Century,—Vol. IX, No. 49, March 1881. . Journal of Botany,—Vol. X, No. 219, March 1881. Jackson, B. D.—On some recent tendencies in Botanical Nomenclature. Cam- panula rotundifolia, L., in Japan, Journal of Science,—Vol. III, No. 87, March 1881. Messenger of Mathematics,—Vol. X, No. 10, February 1881. The Entomologist,—Vol. XIV, No. 214, March 1881. » Gooch, W. D.—Butterfly hunting in Natal, on the Coast-Lands. The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,—Vol. XVII, No. 202, March 1881. 102 Library. London. Annals and Magazine of Natural History,—Vol. VII, No. 39, March 1881. Wallich, Surgeon-Major.—On Siliceous Sponge-Growth in the Cretaceous Ocean. London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine,—Vol. XI, No. 67, March 1881. . The Publishers’ Circular,—Vol. XLIV, Nos. 104.4—1045. ——. Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol. XXIX, Nos. 1478—1481. ——, The Chemical News,—Vol. XLIII, Nos. 1112—1115. Journal of Conchology,—Vol. III, No. 4, October 1880. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, New Haven. American Journal of Science,—Vol. XXI, Nos. 121—122, January and February 1881. Paris. Comptes Rendus,—Vol. XCII, Nos, 10—18, 1881. * Journal des Savants, March 1881. Revue Scientifique,—Vol. XX VII, Nos. 12—15. Revue Critique,—Index to Vol. X, and Vol. XI, Nos. 8, 11—14, | | 1881. Revue des deux Mondes,—Vol. XLIV, Parts 2 and 3. Annales de Chimie et de Physique,—Vol. XXII, March 1881. | RP OOKS PURCHASED. Giut, Carr. W. The River of Golden Sand; the Narrative of a Journey through China and Eastern Thibet to Burmah. With an Introductory Essay by Col. H. Yule. 2 Vols. 8vo., London, 1880. , ReEpDHousE, J. W. The Mesnevi (usually known as the Mesneviyi Sherif, or Holy Mesnevi) of Mevlana (our Lord) Jelalu-’d-din, Muhammed, Er-Rumi. Book the First. Together with some account of the Life and Acts of the author, of his ancestors, and of his descendants ; illus- trated by a selection of characteristic anecdotes, as collected by their historian, Mevlana Shemsu-’d-din Ahmed, El] Eflaki, El ‘Arifi. Transla- ted and the Poetry versitied. 4:to., London, 1881. Rosentuat, Dr. J. General Physiology of Muscles and Nerves (Second Edition). Dem. 8vo., London, 1881. Stewart, A. and Lona, G. Plutarch’s Lives, translated from the Greek. Vol. II. 8vo., London, 1881. ~ Errata in the Proceedings for April. | Page 64, line 2 from foot, after “available” insert full stop. | 4, 64, ,, 2 from foot, for “and the work will be edited with Maédhava’s commen- - tary”, read “The work will be an edition of Pardsara’s lawbook with Médhava’s - ae commentary’. 65, line 6, for “ Fezazdaq” read “ Ferazdaq’’. y» 66, ,, 3, for “Schubert” read “ Schubart”. As L / 7A enh . « a » t ” 7 rot ¥ . ‘ . - Sa ee Cea oe Gta) ee i . ee ae es uy See Sir are ey. ie nies COP ee RM es CR ane at r ' Sic 4 PA v Ae J ff tk aa os Ste ae oe Sal A PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. FoR pUNE, 1881, aaa eee aceon ames The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 1st June, at 9-15 P. m. The Hon’ble H. J. Reynoups, C. S., Vice-President, in the Chair. The minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed. The following presentations were announced— 1. From the Marine Survey Department,—Chart: of Bankot and en- q trance to Mhar or Savitri River. 2, From the Bengal Government,—(1), Report on the Amaravati Tope and excavations on its site in 1877, by R. Sewell; (2), Selections from the Records of the Government of India, Home, Revenue and Agricultural Department, No. 174. 8. From the Authors,—(1), Kaiser Akbar, Part II, by Graf. F. A. Noer; (2), Report on the Census of Calcutta taken on the 6th April 1876, by H. Beverley; (8), The Indo-Aryans, their History, Creed and Practice, by Ramachandra Ghosha. 4. From the Magistrate of Fatehpur,—A pice of Shah Alam’s reign. The following Gentleman is a candidate for ballot at the next meet- ing— Prince Firukh Shah, proposed by Moulvie Kabiruddin Ahmad, se- conded by J. Eliot, Esq. The Secretary reported that Mr. C. E. Buckland had intimated his desire to withdraw from the Society. 7 ‘The Councrn reported that during Dr. M’Cann’s absence for a month - from Calcutta, Mr. J. Eliot had been asked to officiate as Honorary Secre- tary. 104 F. A. de Roepstorff—On the inhabitants of the Nicobars. [JUNE» Mr. C. H. Tawney exhibited a rare coin of Sophytes and said— “While looking through a bag of coins, brought me by Dr. Hoernle, who is engaged in arranging the Society’s collection, I found a coin of Sophytes, precisely resembling that described by General Cunningham in the VIth volume of the Numismatic Journal, p. 220 and #f General Cunningham says the coin is extremely rare. Von Saket in his Nachfolga Alexander’s des grossen, p. 87, marks itas RRRR. The coin seems to me to be genuine, and I have therefore thought it advisable to exhibit it to the members of the Society. I should propose that it be sent to General Cun- ningham for his opinion.” The following papers were read— 1. On the Voles (Arvicola) of the Himalayas, Tibet and Afghanistan.— By W. T. Buanrorp, F. R. S., &., with two plates. (Abstract.) In this paper the author -gives an account of all the Himalayan, Tibetan and Afghan Voles (9) which have hitherto been described, and for this purpose the author has examined all the type specimens. ; The molar teeth of the available forms are figured and described in this paper. Mr. Blanford considers it very doubtful that any Vole has ever been found in the Oriental region. This paper will be printed in the current volume of the Journal, Part II, No. 2. 2. On eee frsciencillas, Blyth — By W. T. Buanrorp, F. B.S., &e. | (Abstract. ) This is a description of a small rodent which was named by Mr. Blyth 40 years ago. The original specimen was obtained at Quetta and another from Afghanistan having been recently found among the collections of the East India Company which have been transferred to the British Museum, Mr. Blanford has compared them and gives a very full descrip- tion of the species and its affinities. This paper will also appear in the Journal, Part IT, No. 2. 3. LWotes on the Inhabitants of the Nicobars.—By ¥. A. DE Roxp- STORFF. In the Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for July 1876 and for January 1881 will be found two papers in which I called attention to the inland tribe of the Nicobars. Since my paper was printed in January, a very interesting expedition was made by Colonel T. Cadell, V. C., Chief Commissioner of these islands, and myself, interesting to us and I hope also to the members of the Society. After my success in visiting an _ 1881.] FF. A. de Roepstorff—On the inhabitants of the Nicobars. 105 uninhabited village and in opening communication with a Shombeng in Octo- ber last, Colonel Cadell visited Galathea bay in December with the special intention of visiting the inland tribe on the Galathea river, which had been proved to be there by the members of the Danish Expedition in 1845. The weather was, however, very boisterous, and the coast people could not be prevailed on to act as guides, and the attempt had to be given up. In March last Colonel Cadell went on another inspecting expedition to the Nicobars, and I was attached to it. After visiting Little Brother, Andamans, Car Nicobar, we anchored at Nancowry and provided ourselves with a guide from there. Next day we visited Pulo Condul, and I pre- vailed on one of the principal men there to come with us: here we bought acanoe. On the evening of the 15th March, we anchored near the village Laful and at once made arrangements with the natives that they should next day conduct us inland, but this time right up into the country of the Shombengs. During the night we had some heavy showers, and when we started in the early morning it was with doubt as to whether we would be troubled with rain. The rain did not fall and the clouds made our ascent coolandnice. As there was a little surf, we had to land in a canoe that the guides had brought on board the evening before. The Coast-people are as arule not quick in their movements, but this morning they were very punctual, and within ten minutes after landing we had the luggage deposit- ed on a canoe and we with our two men and five Laful guides were carrying ' the canoe over the bar at the entrance to the creek. The ascent we made was - over the same ground that I had gone over in October and mentioned in my paper of January. The only difference was that we had then ascended the stream in a pouring rain, the stream was swollen, the boulders slippery, I was then panting with fever, and we were neither provided with food nor with clothes. Now the stream was dry, the sky clouded, we were well provided with all we needed ourselves, and, although we left too quickly to provide our guides with any thing, we trusted to the gardens of the Shom- bengs to supply them. We passed up the creek, landed, saw the village of the Coast-people, went through the same deserted village of the Shombengs that I visited in October, struck the dry stream and ascended it as on my former visit. Near the spot where we then halted, we came across a little new clearing of the Shombengs which was not there in October. There was only one hut, and here we saw for the first time the very curious cooking arrangement of the Shombengs, which the Galathea Expedition in 1845 came across and describes as follows : “Such a sheet of bark also formed the substance of their -cooking-pot, which stood on a stand formed of four little sticks with cross- sticks, under which the fire was laid.”” Under the little hut in this place there was a bark-pot. It was formed of one sheet of bark bent together. ’ 106 F. A. de Roepstorff—On the inhabitants of the Nicobars. [June, The open seams were closed by two little sticks on each side which were tied together and had a crosstree to hold them in position. The seams were tightened with clay and the bottom was steadied with ribs like those of a boat. This pot had been exposed to fire. After resting a little here we went on and came at last to the point where we should leave the main. stream. Our party was by this time smaller, as two of our Laful guides had gone on ahead to warn the Bengs of our approach. Where a steep hill-waterfall (now dry) opened into the stream-bed, the men deposited the luggage, saying that they would leave it here for the Shombengs to carry up as the hills were too steep. This boded well, for it showed that they expected the Shombengs would be friendly, that we were not very far off, and also that they put confidence in the people we were going to. We then went up the side-branch and ascended what in the rains must be an inaccessible fortress. The path we found some 1000’ up the nullah and it led us up nearly perpendicularly. Along the path were creeping bamboos that were very trying. The road was very steep and straight, and the distance was not proportionate to the fatigue in ascending. At the top of the hill we came on an enclosed village of three houses lying just on the outskirt of an extensive clearing that had been made quite lately, for many of the trees were not yet dry. The distance we had gone over was computed as follows : In canoes up the creek about ..........scseeseree secees 1$ mile. Up the stream to first Beng village ...........seeeeee Lite Up the stream to second x side ded vndis-ag\aiale nese, To where the luggage was deposited ..........eeceeeee x Up the steep billed ois. 22.8. isctincss Gs.) tur av ee 13% The total was thus 54 miles in a west, slightly south, direction. Height ascended above the sea: Ascending the stream more than .......... dads. Witenes 300’ By the hill ascent about «225.0060. .05 seeks vou oncleetle teens Ye Total probable ascent ... 1500’ The village was enclosed by a stockade consisting of split logs, a horizontal piece alternately with one where the logs were in a vertical position. There was no entrance to this enclosure and it had to be climbed: it was about 38’ high. The space inside was well cleared and was planted with plantain shoots each surrounded by little protecting sticks. Inside this rail were three huts of the same construction as those described by the “ Galathea’”” Expedition and as those we had seen on our way up but rather bigger. These were raised 3’ from the ground, 6’ x 6’. The posts were very thin bullies: the roof consisted of back-sheets and a few rattan leaves. Only one house of three was provided with a bark cooking- 1881.) F. A. de Roepstorff—On the inhabitants of the Nicobars. 107 pot, but in this it was fixed at the southern end and was on the platform, and not on the ground as was the first one I mentioned. The pot consisted of three sheets of bark, one stuck inside and over the others like roofing : it had been exposed to fire. We had to climb over some fallen trees, and when we came up to the village we found inside “ Koal” the man I had met in October, and an old man suffering from hydrocele. ‘ Koal” recognized me and promised to bring our luggage, and in a little while we were with our guides in sole possession of a Shombeng village. The inhabitants had evidently left on our approach, but they had had time to take away all their valuables, for they only offered us shelter, which, however, was an important point. Colonel Cadell took possession of one house and I of another. The difference in size was not very great, but it was quite balanced by the cooking pot at the one end that shortened it considerably, so that only two small persons could find shelter in it. After a while our luggage was brought up. Koal and the old hydrocele, however, disappeared again after having brought our guides a few Gunyas. After a while we were informed that the Shombengs were afraid of us and would not come in, so we had to put pressure on. Our guides had no food, and when we declared that we would not leave till we had made friends with the inland tribe . they began to bestir themselves. They went off after Koal and after a long explanation he at last promised to bring in some of his friends, saying that they would be with us at 2 Pp. M., pointing to the sun. We waited patiently till 2 and impatiently after that time, and when it was nearly dark we were beginning to fear that our visit had been ali in vain, even our guides were in a bad humour, when we were cheered up by the arrival of a party of this curious people, headed by Koal. We remained seated where we were and took no notice of them till they had come inside the enclosure and stood round us. We then gave them peace-offerings of strings of little glass beads, and in a very short time we were on the best of terms. They submitted to our examining them and to our taking locks of their hair. These little glass beads are the only valuable property they care for and ours were considered very nice. Money they did not even know. Seated near a smoking fire that nearly blinded us, and delighted at our success, we proceeded to examine them, and, to make sure of the accuracy of our notes, they were drawn up by Colonel Cadell on the spot and contain what we agreed about. I give our notes verbatim. ‘The first man men- tioned I will refer to later on. “Koal, Mr. de R’s old friend with the bushy hair has already been described. “No. 1, Alles—height 5’ 3”, chest 36’, age about 30 or 385— hair thin, straight, black, eyes black—well built, but rather bony—parts 108 _—‘F. A. de Roepstorff—On the inhabitants of the Nicobars. [Junx, loosely tied, as if not often covered at all—pubes sparse—toes spread out —small sparse moustache—a few hairs in beard—teeth discolored but not enlarged—head appears as if flattened behind but this is said not to be customary with Shombengs—color slightly, very slightly, lighter than that of the Coast-people—ears bored, and pith, 3” diam., through one of them. Double string of white seeds from over left shoulder and below right arm—on both arms strings of dark and light fibre intertwined. “No. 2, Towkow—height 5’ 23”, chest 36”’—age about 16 or 18— hair straight, plentiful, cut square over eyebrows—black-brown eyes, Mongolian shape—high forehead—face long, narrow—nose straight with slight bend—mouth small—teeth slightly discolored—a pleasant face altogether—parts well developed and scarcely concealed—necklace of white seeds—string on arm as No. 1—right ear bored but not enlarged—left with bamboo and leaves through lobes—small strip of red chintz round head. : “No. 8, Ahéan—son of No. 4—age 16—height 4 114”, chest 35” —hair straight, long, thin, black—eyes well defined, Mongolian type, but not so much as No. 2—prominent cheek-bones—upper lip thin but pro- truding—a few single hairs on chin—both ears pierced—a round piece of stick pointed (1” diameter) through one lobe and pith through other—parts small and loosely tied—a well made youth. “No. 4, Taug—age about 40—height 5’ 3”—chest 36”’—hair straight, thin, tinged with grey—moustache almost invisible and no other hair on face—both ears pierced—through right, pith }” diameter, through left, round piece of stick 2” diam. as No. 83—teeth discolored, but not enlarged —a well built man—parts small, loosely tied—round neck necklace of white and red seed with fringe of pieces of plantain leaf curled—some neatly woven straw in his hand. “No. 5, Kéal, a priest—age about 30—height 5’ 43”, chest 363”— eyes small, brown —hair straight, long, black—slight trace of moustache— ears bored, rolled leaf in one—two front upper teeth 3” long, but no foreign substance on them—necklace of small beads—band of white bark round head.” The following was added next morning: “ No. 6, an old man with hydrocele “No? 7, ditto ditto “No. 8, Khodal, wife of Koal—about 25—height 5’ 1”—chest 313’— hair straight, coarse, black with brownish tint, parted over eyes, narrow band of white bark round it—both ears pierced, one with a hollow bamboo through it, the other with a stick—teeth discolored but not enlarged— necklace of several rows of small beads—striped red and white cloth round loins, and a loose piece of blue cloth over shoulder or anywhere where ; whom we did not describe. 1881.] EF. A. de Roepstorff—On the inhabitants of the Nicobars. 109 fancy pleased. She brought with her a boy of about 6, a nice intelligent- looking lad, and, afterwards, on her back and hanging to her neck, a small boy of about 2.—T. Capetu.” It will be seen from the above notes that the people isa comparatively big race with straight hair and Mongolian twisted eyes, and in them Col. Cadell agrees with me that every trace of Papuan or Negrito features is quite absent. ‘ There remains, however, Koal the man I met in October. I described him in the paper of Jan. 1881 thus: : “One look at him sufficed to assure me that I had now come across a specimen of a curly-haired race, Papuan or Negrito. His hair was bushy and with rather a bend, and was very abundant. It covered the whole surface of his head and was not, like the hair of an Andaman Negrito, of the Papuan of New Guinea or of the Negro, found in tufts or patches. It had, however, the Papuan quality of being long, longer than the hair of the Andamanese ever is. The hair was, or appeared to be, brownish, interspersed with white, very coarse and stiff, and gave an exaggerated appearance of size to his head....His face was pleasant, especially when smiling, his forehead was high, his eyes were black, his nose well formed and arched, his upper lip was remarkably prominent from the base, his underlip small, his teeth were black but of natural size....His colour was copper-brown and a shade fairer than our Great Nicobar and Camorta guides. His complexion did not at all remind me of the deep shining black of the Andaman Negrito....He had his private parts tied up, but in such a loose way that it was evident that the Coast-people are right when they assert that the male Shom-Bengs go quite naked in their own haunts.” This description I still maintain is correct. Colonel Cadell states that he noticed that he was quite different from the others and that, if searching for Papuan or Negrito elements, he would most certainly have made the mistake of taking him to be such, if he had seen him alone. He is quite a phenomenon, but, I think, a lusus nature, for we saw his children and neither of them had the slightest curl in their hair nor any feature recalling the Papuan. All the others agreed in appearance. They were all scanty-haired on the face and on the body, and we only saw one man (not described in the list) who had a fairly well developed moustache. They seemed of mixed Malay-Mongolian origin, and they were doubtlessly a different race from the Coast-people, being slightly fairer and with lighter hair and darker eyes than they, but yet the difference is not so great that it would be impossible to meet a Shombeng among the Coast- _ people and not notice the difference. 4 They are great cultivators and had cleared big tracts of land but i ina _ very slovenly manner. No attempt had been made to burn the fallen trees 110 F. A. de Roepstorff—On the inhabitants of the Nicobars. [Junr, nor any to get rid of the branches. They do, however, cultivate deeply, for I got in 1876 from the Shombeng in Ganges harbour a very big yam and some Gunya which must have been carefully grown. One great clearing Col. Cadell and I went over. It was fenced all round, evidently to keep out pigs. The clearing stretched over a small valley from hill top to hill top. The only road across the confused masses of débris lying on the ground was a continual bridge of fallen logs, which seemed well suited to Shom- beng feet but less so to boots, and we found it rather difficult to cross. On the top of the other hill we came to two huts. The one was circular and 8%’ from the ground. They were very dilapidated and did not look fit to withstand the heavy storms of the S. W. Monsoon. Col. Cadell went alone with Koal down a precipice with just space here and there for a naked Shombeng foot and he saw there another big clearing. To me it appeared as if the Shombengs with these clearings were making prepara- tions for next year’s operations, and that they leave any occupied piece of land when the virgin-soil fertility is exhausted. As the only domestic animal they keep is the pig, they have no means of manuring the exhausted soil, and they would therefore have to go to new grounds. The little villages near the stream below the hills seemed to me intended for the rainy season as they were in sheltered places and were newly made. After the meeting with Koal the first time, I thought that my idea that the Shombengs were not a Papuan or Negrito race was erroneous. I therefore made haste to publish a report of my meeting and of my doubts. Now that I have met the Shombengs in greater numbers, I beg to revert to my old theory that they are a race different from the Coast-people, with- out any Papuan or Negrito blood, and I beg again to suggest that they may be the same race originally as the inhabitants of the little Island of Schowra, who live by cultivation whereas all the islanders around them are keen fishermen. ‘Llhey are a/so supposed to be fairer than the Coast- people and have a Mongolian cast about their eyes. I would have preferred that the report of our visit to the Shom- beng country had come from the pen of Colonel Cadell, who would have given a better description of all we saw and heard, especially as the Expedi- tion was originated and carried through by him, but he has suggested that I should write it. Mr. Batu said: “The proverbial difficulty of proving a negative is well illustrated by Mr. de Roepstorff’s paper, which is a further contribu- tion on the subject of the inland inhabitants of the Great Nicobar. His researches do not disprove the supposed existence of a race in the interior of that Island having Negrito affinities; though it must be confessed that they render it less probable than it was thought to be before. 1881.] Remarks by Mr. V. Ball, on the Andamans and Nicobars. lil “A thorough scientific exploration of the islands included in the Andaman and Nicobar groups is a great desideratum, not only for the purpose of setting at rest such Anthropological questions, but also in order to completely elucidate the Zoology and Geology. “With reference to the latter there are two questions of considerable economic importance which have yet to be determined, ‘The first of these is whether coal in workable quantities exists. Hitherto, such coal as has been found in the Andamans and Nicobars only occurs in small nests of limited extent and not in regular seams. The rocks of the Andamans are, so far as is known, of older Tertiary (Eocene) and perhaps partly Cretaceous ages: they are probably closely allied to some of the groups which include workable coal in upper Burma and Assam. In the Nicobars there are rocks of the same age and together with them some which are younger, probably Miocene. There are believed to be distinct points of resemblance between the former and the coal-bearing rocks of Sumatra, Borneo and Java. So that, arguing from analogy, there appear to be grounds for believing that a useful discovery of coal may be made in these islands. “Some years ago I appended to a paper on the Geology of Port Blair, which was printed in the Journal,* three allusions, two distinct, and one less clear, to a rumour that mercury has been found in the Andamans, The mode of occurrence and the age of the rocks with which mercury occurs in different parts of the world vary a good deal ; for present purposes it is only necessary to refer to California where the deposits afford two-thirds of the mercury of commerce. These deposits occur in altered Cretaceous rocks with which serpentine is associated, the ore of mercury, cinnabar, being sometimes found in the serpentine itself. It is believed, as above stated, that some of the rocks in the Andamans will prove to be of Creta- eeous age, and it is an ascertained fact that serpentine occurs in some - abundance associated with them. Now it is known, all the world over, that similar associations of rocks are often accompanied by the occurrence of similar minerals. It seems therefore to be quite justifiable to express _ a hope that research may prove the existence of mercury in these islands. It is needless to remark that owing to its high value such a discovery would be of great importance. “Tt is now ten years since I directed the attention of some of the officials in the Andamans to the possibility of such a discovery being made and Mr. Homfray, then protector of the Andamanese, shewed them some - metallic mercury, but they appeared to be unacquainted with it and nothing was elicited. A much more likely way of being successful would _ be to make search for cinnabar which is the common ore of mercury. “The red pigment commonly used by the Andamanese was some years ago analyzed by Dr. Waldie and found to consist of red oxide of iron, * Vol, XXXIX, 1870, p. 239. 112 F. 8. Growse—On a Buddhist sculpture. [JuNE, This need not be taken as proving that no source of cinnabar was avail- able to them, because they may have found by experience that the use of the latter was injurious to their health. “An expedition to explore these islands should be thoroughly well officered and equipped. Speaking from personal experience, I can say that the risk of fever is very great, and those who remain on shore at night will have to take every precaution to avoid its attacks ; but, as I have endeavoured to show, there are reasons, both scientific and and practical, which encourage the belief that such an exploration would prove fruitful in good results.” 4. Note on a photograph of a Buddhist sculpture found at Buland- shahr.—By ¥F.S. Growsg, C. I. E. The Buddhist sculpture, shown in the accompanying photograph, was discovered a few days ago at Bulandshahr, in the garden of a native gen- tleman, Munshi Gopal Rai, close to the Id-gah, between the city and the civil station. It had originally been dug up some 20 years previously in the old Khera known as the Moti Bazar, which is now being levelled. It is of interest as being, so far as I know, the only unquestionable proof that has yet come to light of the ancient prevalence of Buddhism in this neighbourhood. The sculptured pillars that I found in the town of Bulandshahr, and of which a notice and illustration were given in the Society’s Journal for 1879, may have belonged either to a Buddhist or to a Brahmanical temple; it is impossible to say which, the style of architec- ture affected by both being essentially the same and differing chiefly in ground plan. The stone, in which the sculpture is cut, is a square block measuring in its mutilated state 1 foot 43 inches either way, the material being a black slate, not the sang-musa or black marble of Jaypur. The principal figure represents the Buddha, enveloped in a thin robe reaching to the wrists and ankles and falling over the body in a succession of nar- row folds. His arms are slightly raised in front of his breast and the thumb and fore-finger of his left hand are joined at the tips, while with - his right hand he touches its middle finger, as if summing up the points of anargument. On either side of his throne is a rampant hippogriff, with its back to the sage and rearing its head over a devotee seated in an attitude of prayer. The throne is supported on two recumbent lions, flanked by Hindu caryatides with impossibly distorted limbs as usual ; and at the base again are other devotees kneeling on either side of the footstool, the front of which is carved with the mystic wheel between two couchant deer. The upper part of the stone has been broken off, carrying with it the head of the principal figure, but what remains is in ‘ good preservation and has been well executed. Ona ledge in a line with : oat SRE ne Rae ne ey ae Pe ho en a) en) a aye res ee 1881.] F. S. Growse—On some curiosities found at Bulandshahr. 118 the feet is an inscription in characters apparently of the 9th or 10th cen- tury, of which I sent a rubbing to Dr. Hoernle, who reads it as follows: Ye dharmma hetu-prabhava hetus teshin tathagato hyavadat tesham cha yo nirodha. evam-vadi mahasramanah., This would be in English “ All things that proceed from a cause, says the Tathagata, their cause is identical with their destruction ; such is the dictum of the great philosopher.’’* If this is the form of words that is always used, it is curious that a popular symbol of faith should have been framed with so much tautology in so short a compass. 5. Note on some curiosities found at Bulandshahr—By F. 8. Growsgs, C. I. E. In the course of some excavations in the plateau of high ground immediately outside the town of Bulandshahr, mentioned in the previ- ous note under its popular name of the Moti Bazar, I have come upon the remains of an old local manufacture, of which I send six specimens for the inspection of the Society. They may be described as earthenware flasks or vases, but the purpose for which they were intended is by no means obvious, and I should be glad of suggestions. They are all alike in general shape, being pointed at the bottom like a Roman amphora and with a very small orifice for the mouth ; but they vary very much in the patterns with which they have been ornamented, and are of different size, weight and thick- ness. Some have apparently been squeezed out of shape, before the material of which they are made had had time to dry. The spot where they were found is evidently that where they were baked, as the number that have been dug up entire amounts to several scores, besides a multitude of broken pieces, all mixed in a deep deposit of ashes and the other refuse of a potter’s kiln. At the same level have also been uncovered many fragments of wall and pavement, constructed of large and well-burnt bricks measuring as muchas 1 ft. 7 in. in length by 11 inches in breadth and 3 in. in thickness. Most of these bricks are marked on one side with two lines drawn by the workman’s fingers in the damp clay, and they are, I should say, of great antiquity. At first, however, I did not suppose that the flasks were at all of the same age. The site might have been originally occupied by a fort and then deserted for centuries before the potters came and set up their kilns upon it, making use—for their houses—of any old building materials that they happened to light upon. ‘The traditional name by which the piece of ground is popularly known is, as I have said, the * [Or rather: “all things that proceed from a cause, their cause as well as their destruction the Tathégata has declared ; such is the dictum of the great philosopher.” _ Eb.) 114 ' Library. [ June, Moti Bazar, and there is much vague talk of coins and solid bars of silver having been discovered there in former years. It is bounded on one side by a deep ravine, which I am now filling up in order to convert the entire area into a public garden, which will be called the Moti Bagh, there- by perpetuating the old tradition. Most natives who have seen the flasks think they were meant to hold either gunpowder or oil, which is what the shape suggests; but the material, on account of its weight, seems unsuitable for such a purpose, if the flask was to be carried about on the person, while the pointed bottom makes it awkward for storing: The idea has also been hazarded that they were meant to be filled with gunpowder and then exploded as a kind of fire-works ; but, if this were their object, there would scarcely have been so much trouble spent on their ornamentation. A third theory, which has — found much favour on the spot, but which at first I was inclined to reject as altogether untenable, is that they were intended to form a balustrade for a balcony or the roof of a house. Perhaps after all this is not so very far wrong ; being found at the same level as the Buddha and the bricks and also a seal apparently of the 5th century A. D., an impression of which will be exhibited at the next meeting of the Society, the presumption is that they are of about the same date, and they may be the finials of miniature Buddhist stupas. A specimen of the bricks, of which upwards of a thousand have been found, is sent also with the vases. Pi BRARY. The following additions have been made to the Library since the meet- ing held in May last. - J RANSACTIONS, J ROCEEDINGS AND JOURNALS, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Berlin. K. preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften,—Monatsbericht, December 1880. Bombay. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol. X, Pt. 119, May 1881. Bordeaux. Société de Géographie Commerciale,—Bulletin, Nos. 7—9. Calcutta. Register of Meteorological Observations for April 1880. Indian Meteorological Memoirs,—Vol. I, Part5. Dresden Kais. Leopoldinisch-Carolinische Deutsche Akademie der Natur- forscher,—Nova Acta. Vols. XXXIX—XL. 1881.] Library. 115 Geneva. Museo Civico di Storia Naturalip—Annali, Vol. XVI. Liége. Société Géologique de Belgique,—Annales, Vol. VI. Lisbon. Sociedad de Geographia,—Boletin, Second series, No. 3. London. Royal Society,—Proceedings, Vol. XXXI, No. 210. : Royal Geographical Society,—Proceedings, Vol. III, No. 4, April 1881. Anthropological Institute of Guat Britain and Ireland,—Journal Vol. X, No. 2, November 18380. The Academy,—Nos. 467—470. The Atheneum,—Nos. 2790—2798. § Nature,—Vol. XXIII, Nos. 589 and 599. Paris. a Société de Géographie,—Bulletin, Vol. I, January 1881. Rhins, J. Dutrewil de.—Routes entre la Chine et l’ Inde. Roma. Societa degli Spettroscopisti Italianin—Memorie, Vol. X, Dispensa 2, February 1881. Turin. R. Accademia delle Scienze,—Atti, Vol. XVI, Disp. 1—3. - Washington. United States Geological and. Geographical Survey of the _ _Territories,— Bulletin, Vol. VI, No. 1. Gray, A. and Hooker, J. Di—The vegetation of the Rocky mountain Region and a comparison with that of other parts of the world. Cope, #. D.—On - some new Batrachia and Reptilia from the Permian Beds of Texas. Cope, E. D.—On a wading Bird from the Amyzon Shales. Schufeldt, R. W.— Osteology of Speotyto Cunicularia var. Hypogea. Schufeldt, R. VW —Osteology of Eremophila Alpestris. Grote, A. R.—Preliminary List of the North Ameri- can Species of Agrotis, with descriptions. Cope, HZ. D.—On the Nimravide and Canide of the Miocene Period. Cope, #. D.—On the Vertebrata of the Wind River Eocene Beds of Wyoming. Bierch. Arkeologickoga Druztva,—Viestnik, Vol. III, No. 2. Pooks AND PAMPHLETS, presented by the Authors. Brvertey, H. Report on the Census of the Town of Calcutta taken on the 6th April 1876. Fep., Calcutta, 1876. GuosHa, RamacnanpRa. The Indo-Aryans, their History, Creed and Practice. Demi 8vo., Calcutta, 1881. Norr, Grav. F. A. Kaiser Akbar ; ein Versuch tiber die Geschichte In- diens in sechzehnten Jahrundert, Part 2. 8vo., Leiden, 1881. MiscELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS. SEWELL, R. Report on the Amaravati Tope, and excavations on its site in 1877. 4to., London, 1880. Report of the Calcutta Court of Small Causes for the year 1880. Fep., Calcutta, 1881. \ ‘ | 116 Library. [ JUNE, Selections from the Records of the Government of India, Home, Revenue and Agricultural Department, No. 174. Reports on publications issued and registered in the several provinces of British India during the year 1879. S8vo., Calcutta, 1881. The Indian Forester, Vol. VI, No. 4. | BENGAL GOVERNMENT. The Indian Antiquary, Vol. X, Part 119, May 1881. Fatton, S. W. A new English-Hindustani Dictionary, Part 3, May 1881. -8vo., Benares, 1881. Home, REVENUE AND AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. Report on the Police Administration of the Central Provinces for the year 1880. Fep., Nagpur, 1881. Report on the Jails of the Central Provinces for the year 1880. Fep., Nag- pur, 1881. CHIEF COMMISSIONER, CENTRAL PPOVINCES. Annual Report on the Civil Hospitals and Dispensaries in the Madras Presidency for the year 1879. Fcp., Madras, 1880. Mapras GOVERNMENT. Reports of Prof. Joseph Henry, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 8vo., Washington, 1867-76. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, PERIODICALS PURCHASED. Calcutta. Indian Medical Gazette,--Vol. XVI, No. 5, May 1881. Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—Nos. 17—19. , Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XII, No. 4. Beiblatter,—Vol. V, No. 4. London. Journal of Botany,—Vol. X, No. 220. Clarke, C. B.—A revision of the Indian species of Zeea. The Coffee-leaf Disease. London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine, Vol. XI, No. 68. The Journal of Science,—Vol. ITI, No. 88. Annals and Magazine of Natural History,—Vol. VII, No. 40. Distant, W. I.—Description of a new Longicorn Beetle from Java. Carter, H. J.—On the Kunker Formation of the Alluvium in India compared with the Flint Formation in the chalk of England. Wood-Mason, J.—Description of Parantirrheaa Marshalh, the Type of a new Genus and Species of Rhopalo- cerous Lepidoptera from South India. A History of the Birds of Ceylon, by Capt. W. V. Legge. Entomologist,—Vol. XIV, No. 215. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,—Vol. XVII, No. 208. Pryer, W. B.—Tropical notes. Distant, W. L.—Description of a new species of Lycenide from Penang. Lewis, G.—New species of Helotide from Japan. ¥ he ri a Le 1881.] Library. 113 London. Mind,—No. 22, April 1881. Numismatic Chronicle,—Vol. XX, No. 80. Publishers’ Circular,—Vol. XLIV, Nos. 1046—1047. . Chemical News,—Vol. XLIII, Nos. 1116—1119. No. 1118. Pickering, S. U.—Notes on the Oxides of Manganese. . Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol. XXIX, Nos. 1482—1485. _ No. 1485. Maclagan, Geni.—Indian Section. The Building Arts of India. New Haven. American Journal of Science,—Vol. XXI, No. 123. Paris. Comptes Rendus,—Vol. XCII, Nos. 14—17. No. 16. Marey, M.—Inscription microscopique des mouvements qui s’observent en Physiologie. Gyldén, M.—Sur I intégrale eulérienne de seconde espéce. No. 17. Faye, M.—Sur une question de Métrologie ancienne; origine du mile anglais. . Revue Scientifique,—Vol. XX VII, Nos. 16—19. No. 18. Vélain, Ch.—L’ Algérie et la Pays des Kroumirs. Rochas, de.—Le Traité des gaz, par Héron d’ Alexandrie. No. 19. Vernewil.—Du paludisme considéré au point de vue chirurgical. . Revue des deux Mondes,—Vol. XLIV, No. 4, Vol. XLV, No. 1. Revue Critique,—Vol. XI, Nos. 15—18, ——. Journal des Savants,—April 1881. Pooks PURCHASED. Bouncer, DEMETRIUS CHARLES. History of China, Vol. I. 8vo., Lon- don, 1881. Mvuuirr, Max. Sacred Books of the East, Vol. X. 8vo., Oxford, 1881. Tytor, Epwarp B. Anthropology: an Introduction to the Study of Man and Civilization, Demi 8vo., London, 1881. a ‘ a Tyg oe Bae Btabitors Leo has arae tee Ea TH vie) ¢ ‘ioe i has Fim ee “ale i OY sane es Fiery 4 Co PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. FOR puLy, 1881, a - The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 6th July 1881, at 9°15 P. m. C. H. Tawney, Esq., M. A., Vice-President, in the Chair. The minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed. The following presentations were announced— 1. From the Home, Revenue and Agricultural Department,—Sher- ring’s Hindu Tribes and Castes, vol. III. 2. From the authors,—(1) Die Culturlander des alten America ; Die Voelker des cestlichen Asien: Studien und Reisen, vols. I, II ek LV; Beitrage zur Ethnologie und darauf begriindete Studien ; Mexico: Vortrag, gehalten in der Sing-Academie am 18 Januar 1868 ; and Remarks on the Indo-Chinese Alphabets, by Dr. A. Bastian, (2) Report on accessions to our knowledge of the Chiroptera during the past two years (1878-80) ; _ Report on the Geographical Distribution of the Chiroptera; and Sur quelques espéces de Chiroptéres provenant d’une collection faite en Algérie par M. Fernand Lataste, by Dr. G. E. Dobson, (3) Bibliographie Gé- nérale de |’Astronomie, vol. II, pt. 2, by J, C. Houzeau and A. Lan- caster, (4) Govinda Gitika by Raja Mahendralala Khan. 3. Fromthe Panjab Government,—Glossary of the Multani Language ~ compared with the Panjabi and Sindhi, by EH. O’Brien. 4, From the Geological Society of London,-—Catalogue of the Library of the Geological Society of London. 5. From A. W. Franks, Esq.,—List of Drawings from the Amravati Tope, Southern India, made for Col. C. Mackenzie, 1816-19, and pre- _ served in the Library of the India Office. 6. From the Political Agent and Superintendent, Charkharee,—twelve copper coins. 120 F. 8. Growse—Wote on antiquities found at Bulandshahr. [JuLy, The following Gentleman, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting, was elected an Ordinary Member of the Society : ° Prince Firukh Shah. The following Gentleman is a candidate for election at the next meeting : H. C. Barstow, Esq., C. S., Magistrate and Collector, Cawnpore, pro- posed by H. Rivett-Carnac, Esq., C. S., seconded by Dr. G. Thibaut. The Counctn announced that the report of the Auditors of the Society’s Accounts had been received, and that the suggestion of the Auditors, that the stock of Books be not entered as an Asset, had been approved. Dr. HorErnze exhibited a wax impression of a curious old seal of baked clay, found by Mr. Growse at Bulandshahr, and read the following note on the same and on the vases exhibited at the last meeting by Mr. Growse : ““My excavations at the Moti Bagh are still in progress and this morning the workmen turned up a curious old seal of baked clay, of which I enclose an impression. The oval is divided by two parallel lines into two equal compartments, in the upper of which are two devices, the one a conch shell, the other—which is raised on a little stand—looks like a wing and may possibly be intended for a chakwd. In the lower compartment is a name in early characters, probably of about the 5th century A. D., which I read as Sattila. I have no doubt now that the vases exhibited at the last i nea are the finials of miniature Buddhist stupas, such as are not unfrequently found in old kheras. At first I looked upon them as too modern to allow of this suggestion holding good; but this discovery, on the same spot and at no greater depth, first of a Buddhist sculpture with an inscription in characters of about the 8th century A. D., and now of this seal which may be some 2 or 3 centuries older still, renders it probable that they too may be referred to a period equally remote, when Buddhism was the predomi- nant religion of the neighbourhood.”’ Mr. Batt exhibited an ancient stone implement made of magnetic iron ore, and said that he was indebted for it to Mr. W. G. Olpherts, to whom it had been sent simply as a specimen of iron ore. Its history had not yet been fully ascertained but it was believed to have been obtained somewhere in the Narbada valley. 1881.] Edward Thomas—TZhe Revenues of the Mughal Empire. 121 The material, magnetic oxide of iron, containing perhaps from 60 to 70 per cent. of iron, though admirably suited on account of its weight and toughness for making into a chipped implement, does not appear to have been often so employed. The present is in fact the only known specimen. It might be suggested by some that the use of this material was a step in the direction of the substitution of iron for stone, but it would be difficult to prove such a proposition. The following papers were read— 1. The Revenues of the Mughal Empire in India.—By Evwarp Tomas, Ff. B&R. S8., late Bengal C. 8. (Abstract. ) In Volume XLIX of the Journal of the Society a paper was published by Mr. C. J. Rodgers on the ‘Copper Coins of Akbar,’’ in which he entered into some speculations on the amount of the State Revenue of that monarch, based upon new interpretations of the legends of his coins, and considerably differing from the calculations of Mr. E. Thomas, in his ‘Revenue resources of the Mughal Empire.” The present paper is a brief reply by Mr. Thomas. After mentioning that his calculations have been accepted as correct by Dr. Hunter, Mr. C. Markham and others, he shows that one of Mr. Rodgers’ main arguments, based on his reading the word dim on Coin No. 4, falls to the ground, inasmuch as the word is not ddém, but — damré (t. e., a double damri). He similarly shows that Mr. Rodgers’ second main argument is based on a confusion of the terms tankah and tanke. This paper will be published in full in the Journal, Pt. I, No. 2, for 1881. 2. Description of a new species of Butterfly belonging to the genus Dodona.—By LIoNEL DE NICE’VILLE, [Received June 24th ; Read July 6th, 1881.] DoDONA LONGICAUDATA, 0. sp. $ Uppers deep shining brown. Fore wing crossed before the _ middle by a broad white band which does not quite reach the costa, being - narrowest at that point and divided by the nervules into two small spots. _ This band has its inner margin straight, the outer margin evenly convex. A submarginal series of six white spots placed irregularly. An indistinct marginal series of linear spots. Hind wing with the white band of the _ fore wing continued in a wedge-shaped figure across the disc of the wing, ending in a point just below the first submedian nervure. Abdominal 122 =. De Nicéville—Deseription of a new species of Butterfly. [Jury , area paler, with an indistinct white band from the base, and another short transverse one above the anal angle, Incomplete submarginal and mar- ginal bands of white linear spots, Anal lobe black, encircled by a white line and thickly irrorated with white scales. Zaz/ long, black; tip and cilia white. UNDERSIDE rich bright brown, crossed by several silvery-white bands. Fore wing with narrow basal and subbasal bands, then a broad median band coincident with the band above but not reaching the costa; a short narrow costal band; then a very irregular broad band which is broken up into spots on the inner side below its middle; and lastly a marginal series of seven spots, the two upper ones rounded and out of line, the rest increasing, linear. The ground-colour near the outer angle becoming darker and almost forming two dark brown spots. Hind wing with the two basal and broad median bands as in the fore wing, but all meeting above the anal angle, at which point they are joined by two other white bands traversing the abdominal area, There is also a fourth band from the costa, short, narrow, submarginal, reaching the discoidal nervule, between which and the broad median band there is another narrow white line not reaching the costa, in continuation of which is an orange fascia terminating on the abdominal margin in a black linear spot, and bearing two black rounded spots at its upper extremity. Submarginal and mar- ginal white lines. Anal lobe jet-black, surmounted by a black, white- irrorated space ending in a black spot on the abdominal margin, which. space is divided from the lobe by a white line. Cru1a of fore wing brown, except a small portion near the inner angle ; of the hind wing, alternately brown and white. Bopy above deep brown, with a somewhat rufous collar; beneath, white, with a black median abdominal line. 'Lres. The atrophied fore legs are pure white, the two posterior pairs have their tibize and tarsi ocraceous. ANTENN® black, annulated with white. A single specimen taken by the late Mr. J. P. Cock near Shillong, Assam, in November. This species seems nearest allied to Dodona deodata, Hewitson, from Moulmein, figured in Plate I of Moore’s “ Desc. new Indian Lep. from coll. Atkinson,’ Part I, 1879, from which species it may readily be dis- tinguished on the upperside in having only one median white band, being in fact altogether a much darker insect. D. deodata is apparently tailless, or the tails are rudimentary. This is only the eighth species of this very interesting and compact little genus (all of which occur in India) as yet described. It is remark- 1881.] O. Feistmantel—Sketch of the history of the Gondwana fossils. 123 able for the length of its tails, which are quite twice as long as those of D. egeon, Doubl. Hew., which species has them the next longest of the genus. It will be figured in the forthcoming work on ‘ The Butterflies of India, Burmah and Ceylon,’ by Captain Marshall and myself. 3. Sketch of the history of the fossils of the Indian Gondwana system.—By O. FetstmanteEL, M. D., Paleontologist, Geological Survey of India. (Abstract.) The fossils of the Indian Gondwana system, the most important series of sedimentary rocks in Peninsular India, have been now under examination for several years, and various memoirs have been published containing descriptions and illustrations of the vegetable and animal remains of this important rock-system. These fossils have been, however, hitherto treated of in a stratigraphical order only, according to the groups from which they were procured. A general review of the fossils in a_ biological order was hitherto wanting, and as only lately Mr. R. Lydekker gave a sketch of the history of the fossil Vertebrata in India in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, the author thought it would prove of some use to write a similar sketch of the Gondwana fossils for publication in the same Journal, A general review of the literature referring to Gondwana fossils is given, also a review of the various groups of the system with regard to the occurrence of fossils in them; then follows the enumeration of the fossils (vegetable and animal) in a systematical (biological) order, with indication of their geological and geographical distribution, and a few general remarks on the peculiarities of the fossils of this system conclude the paper. This paper will be published in full in the Journal, Pt. II, No. 3, for 1881. 4, New and little known Mollusca belonging to the Indo-Malayan Fauna.— By Grorrrey Nevitt, C. M. Z. S. (Abstract.) This paper contains complete descriptions of certain species of Mol- lusea which were only briefly described in the author’s ‘ Hand-list.’ The plates include figures of most of the shells previously described by Mr. Nevill, but of which no illustrations have hitherto been published: thus one of the plates represents the brackish-water shells described in the Journal, Pt. II, No. 3, 1880. In addition to the above there are descriptions of many new and important species lately discovered by Surgeon-Major R. Hungerford at 124 G. Nevill—WNew and little-known Indo-Malayan Mollusca, [ Jury, the Philippines, in Formosa, &c., as well as of some new Rissoina which are being figured by Dr. Weinkauff for the forthcoming monograph in the new edition of the well known standard work, the ‘ Conchylica Cabinet.’ A new species of the brackish-water genus Fuirbankia, which was discovered by Mr. F. Fedden 10 feet below the surface in Kathidwar, is also described. In his preface Mr. Nevill alludes to the unmerited oblivion into which some upper cretaceous Helicide described by Dr. Stoliczka appear to have fallen. The author also makes some observations on the distri- bution and probable origin of the land Mollusca of the Madagascar region in connection with some remarks by Mr. A. R. Wallace in his recent work ‘Island Life.’ This paper will be published in the Journal, Part II, No. 8, for 1881. Mr. Freppewn said:—I may mention that the Rissoid shell from the Rann, described in Mr. Nevill’s paper, and placed by him somewhat doubtingly in the genus Huairbankia, was obtained, together with about a dozen other semi-fossil shells, from a clay bed ten feet below the surface of the “ Little Rann” (as it is called, on the north side of Kathiawar)— the .bed from which the brine is obtained at the salt works near Kura (or Kida) in the Dhrangadra State. There is first the surface soil, an earthy clay, then a dark plastic clay, thirdly a brown clunch, a close stiff clay, and fourthly the fossiliferous clay, which is dark. bluish and plastic, highly saline and gypseous (crystals of gypsum). The base was not reached in the brine pits. From this lower clay I obtained by washing a number of small shells, among which are the following :— Pirenella, probably two species of this prettily marked shell, the most numerous. Along with these a few specimens of Tympanotomus (fluviateae (one of the Cerithide), now common on the coast near the mouths of streams. Assiminea, a sub-genus of Zissoa, and one or two other Rissoids. A pretty little Melampus, probably a variety of MZ. striatus. Then there are apparently two species of the minute shell Stenothyra ; | one species is minima, the other I should call major, if new. There is also a little shell that Mr. Nevill thinks may be a new species of the rare genus Theora, and of bivalves a Glaucomya ( Glauconome), near, if not identical with, the Chinese species (Chinensis), a common borer in tidal mud banks, and one or two other shells not yet examined. It will be seen that the collection, though small, is of some interest to the Conchologist as well as the Geologist. The general facies presents a mingling of brackish-water with marine forms, and, considering that the locality is situated 65 miles from the present head of the Gulf of no = he, .. ty. ‘a Sha 1881.] ; Library. 125 Kachh, tends strongly to confirm the supposition that the Rann was an annex of the sea not very long ago, but was given up, and, on being evacuated, became silted up. 5. Additional remarks on the Identification of Ancient Diamond Mines in India.—By V. Baut, M. A., F. G.S. ( Abstract.) In this paper the author finally adopts the view that the mine called Raolconda by Tavernier is identical with the modern Ramulkota. In his previous paper he named this as the alternative in the event of Rawdu- conda not being the place. With the aid of Mr. King the localities mentioned by Tavernier as intervening between Golconda and Raolconda have been fully identified with places between Golconda and Ramulkota where there are still traces of former extensive mines. One consequence of this is that the measure of distance called the gos by Tavernier must have been 8 miles, and the league of Tavernier was not the French league, but a paraphrase for the elastic coss. The present paper confirms the previous identifications as to other mines and includes information illustrative of several points in the original communication. This paper will be published in the Journal, Pt. II, No. 8, for 1881. The following communication has been received : “The Electric Telegraph and Natural History’ by W. MacGregor. PIBRARY. The following additions have been made to the Library since the meeting held in June last. J RANSACTIONS, PROCEEDINGS AND JOURNALS, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Batavia. Natuurkundig Tydschrift voor Nederlandsch Indié, Vol. XL. _ Berlin. K. preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften,—Monatsbericht, January 1881. Bombay. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol X, Part 120, June 1881. Bordeaux. Société de Géographie Commerciale,—Bulletin, Nos. 10 and 11. Brussels. L’Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux Arts de Belgique,—Annuaire, 1879, 1880 and 1881. 126 Library. [ JuLy, Brussels. L’Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux Arts de Belgique,—Bulletins, Vol. XLVI—L, 1878—1880. . ——. Mémoires Couronnés,—Vols. X—XIV, XXIX—XXX and XXXII. Mémoires Couronnés et des savants étrangers,—Vols. XXVITI—XXX, XXXIX, Part 2, XLII and XLIII Mémoires,—Vols. XXXI—XXXIII, and XLIII, Part 1. Calcutta. Registers of Original Meteorological Observations,—May 1880. Copenhagen. Société Royale des Antiquaires du Nord,—Mémoires, 1878-79. Tilleg til Aarboger for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie, 1877 and 1878. Edinburgh. Royal Society of Edinburgh,—Transactions, Vol. XXIX, Part 2, 1879-80. Schulze, Prof. F. E—On the structure and arrangement of the soft parts in Euplectelia aspegillum, Communicated by Sir Wyville Thomson. —~-—. Proceedings,—Vol. X, Nos. 105—107. Brander, Surgeon E. S.—Remarks on the Aboriginies of the Andaman Islands. —. Botanical Society,—Transactions and Proceedings, Vol. XIV, Part 1. Traill, Dr. W.—On the growth of the New Zealand Flax Plant (Phormium tenav) in the Orkney Islands. Christison, Sir R.—-On the exact measurement of Trees (Part 4). The Influences of the unfavourable Season of 1879 on the growth of Trees. Thomson, G. M.—The flowering plants of New Zealand, and their relation to the Insect Fauna. Communicated by Professor Balfour. Geneva. Société de Physique et d’Histoire Naturelle——Mémoires, Vol. XXVII, Part 1. Duby, M. J. H.—Choix de mousses exotiques nouvelles ou mal connues. Monographie des E’chinides contenus dans les couches nummulitiques de VE’gypte. Leipzig. Deutsche morgenlandische Gesellschaft,—Abhandlungen fiir die Kunde des morgenlandes,—Vol. VII, No. 2. London. Society of Telegraph Engineers,—Journal, Vol. X, No. 35, March 1881. Royal Microscopical Society,—Journal, Vol. I. Part 2, (Ser. IT) April 1881. Royal Geographical Society,—Proceedings, Vol. IIT, No. 5, May 1881. Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland,—Journal, Vol. XIII, Part 2, April 1881. Royal Institution,— Proceedings, Vol. IX, Part 3, No. 72. List of Members, 1880. 1881.] Library. 127 London. Royal Astronomical Society,—Monthly Notices, Vol. XLI, No. 5, March 1881. The Academy,—Nos. 471—475. . The Atheneum,—Nos. 2795—2798. Nature,—Vol. XXIII, No. 595, and Vol. XXIV, Nos. 602—605. Munich. K. b. Akademie der Wissenschaften,—Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-philologischen und historischen Classe,—Vol. I, Parts 4—5, 1880. ._——__ Mathematisch-physikalische Classe, Vol. XXIII, Part 1, 1881. Abhandlungen, philosophisch-philologische Classe, Vol. XV, Part 3. Historische Classe, Vol. XV, Part 3. Paris. La Société de Géographie,—Bulletin, February 1881. La Société Zoologique,—Bulletin, Parts 5 and 6, July to December 1880. : Pisa. Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali,—Atti, Processi Verbali, 13th March 1881. Rome. Societa degli Spettroscopisti Italianii—Memorie, Vol. X, Nos. 3 and 4, March and April 1881. Roorkee. Professional Papers on Indian Engineering,—Vol. X, No. 40, April 1881. Schaffhausen. Société Entomologique Suisse,—Bulletin, Vol. VI, No. 3, February 1881. Rougemont, Ph. de.—Observations sur l’organe détonant du Brachinus erepitans Oliv. Puton, Dr.—Enumeration des Hémiptéres recoltés en Syrie par M. Abeille de Perrin avec la description des espéces nouvelles. Gessner E, Frey.—Syrische Hemiptern. ~The Hague. Bijdragen tot de Taal-Land-en Volkenkunde von Neder- landsch-Indié, Vol. III, No 3, and Vol. IV, Nos. 3 and 4. Turin. R. Accademia delle Scienze,—Atti, Vol. XVI, Disp. 4, March 1881. Vienna. Anthropologische Gesellschaft,—Mittheilungen, Vol. X, Nos. 8—9. K. K. Geologische Reichsanstalt,—Abhandlungen, Vol. XII, Part 2. Hoernes, R. and Awinger, M—Die Gasteropoden der Meeres-Ablagerungen der ersten. und zweiten Miocanen Mediterran-Stufe in der osterreichisch-un- garischen Monarchie. Jahrbuch, Vol. XXX, No. 4. Verhandlungen, Jahrgang, 1880, Nos. 12—18. Wellington. New Zealand Institute,—Transactions and Proceedings, Vol. XIII, 1880. Yokohama. Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Natur und Volkerkunde Ostasiens, —Mittheilungen, April 1881. —— . 128 Library. [Jcxy, Pooks AND PAMPHLETS presented by the Authors. Bastian, Dr. Adolf. Die Culturlainder des alten America, 2 vols. 8vo., Berlin, 1878. Die. Voelker des cestlichen Asien. Studien und Reisen, Vols. I, II, and IV, 8vo., Leipzig, 1866-68. Beitrige zur Ethnologie und darauf begriindete Studien, 8vo., Berlin, 1871. Mexico. Vortrag, gehalten in der Sing-Academie am 18 Januar 1868, 8vo., Berlin, 1874. Pam. . Remarks on the Indo-Chinese Alphabets. 8vo., London, 1867. Pam. Dozson, G. E. Report on accessions to our Knowledge of the Chiroptera during the past two years (1878—80). 8vo.,.uondon. Pam, Report’ on the Geographical Distribution of the Ohiroptera. Svo., London. Pam. faite en Algérie par M. Fernand Lataste. 8vo., Paris, 1881. Pam. Franks, A. W. List of drawings from the Amaravati Tope, Southern India, made for Colonel C. Mackenzie 1816-19, and preserved in the Library of the India Office. (Privately printed.) 8vo., Westminster 1861.) Pam. HovzeEat, J.C. and Lancaster, A. Bibliographie Générale de |’ Astronomie, ou Catalogue Méthodique des Ouvrages, des Mémoires et des Observa- tions Astronomiques publiés depuis l’origine de l’imprimerie jusqu’en 1880, Vol. II, Part 2. 8vo., Brussels, 1881. MiscELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS, Tables des Mémoires des Membres, des Mémoires Couronnés et des Mémoires des Savants H’trangers (1858—78), Sm. 8vo., Brussels, 1879. AcAD. ROYALE DES SCIENCES DE BELGIQUE. Report of the Alipore Reformatory School for the year 1880. Fep., * Caleutta, 1881. Annual Report of the Police Administration of the Town of Calcutta and its Suburbs for the year 1880. Fep., Calcutta, 1881. Annual Report on the Insane Asylums in Bengal for the year 1880. Fep., Calcutta, 1881. Records of the Geological Survey of India, Vol. XIV, Part 2, 1881. Sur quelques espéces de Chiroptéres provenant d’une collection © : 1881. | Library. . 129 Report on the Calcutta Medical Institutions for the year 1880. Fep., Calcutta, 1881. BENGAL GOVERNMENT. KretHorn, Dr. F. Report on the search for Sanskrit MSS. in the Bombay Presidency during the year 1880-8]. 8vo., Bombay, 1881. : Buanparkar, R. G, Report on Sanskrit MSS. Fep., Bombay, 1880. Bompay GOVERNMENT. Report on the Lunatic Asylums in the Central Provinces for the year 1880. Fep., Nagpur, 1881. Report on the Nagpur School of Medicine, Central Provinces, for the year 1880-81. Fep., Nagpur, 1881. , Report on the Working of the Registration Department in the Central Provinces for the year 1880. Fecp., Nagpur, 1881. Report on the Working of the Charitable Dispensaries in the Central Pro- -vinces for the year 1880. Fep., Nagpur, 1881. Cu. ComMMISSIONER, CENTRAL PROVINCES. 3 Darras, J. Catalogue of the Library of the Geological Society of Lon- don. 8vo., London, 1881. Satine etal ‘ie GEOLOGICAL SoctrEry, Lonpon. ~ General Report on the Operations of the Survey of India during 1879-80. Fep., Calcutta, 1881. Records of the Geological Survey of India, Vol. XIV, Part 2, 1881. _ The Indian Antiquary, Vol. X, Part 120, June 1881. Home, REVENUE AND AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. General Report on the Operations of the Marine Survey of India for the year 1879-80. Fcp., Calcutta, 1881. ' Martine SurvEY DEPARTMENT. O’Brien, E. Glossary of the Multani Language compared with Panjabi and Sindhi. 4to., Lahore, 1881. PanJAB GOVERNMENT. PERIODICALS p URCHASED, Benares. Fallon’s New English-Hindustani Dictionary, Part 3, May > 1881. - Caleutta. Indian Medical Gazette,—Vol. XVI, No. 6, June 1881. Giessen. Jahresbericht iiber die Fortschritte der Chemie, Part 3 of 1879. 7 _ Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—Nos. 20-24, 1881. | Nachrichten,—No. 8, April 1881. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XIII, Part 1. London. Journal of Conchology,—Vol. III, No. 5, January 1881. Journal of Botany,—Vol. X, No. 221, May 1881. Clarke, C. B.—A revision of the Indian Species of Leea. Hance, H. F—On a new Chinese Senecio. 130 Library. (JULY, London. Journal of Science,—Vol. III, No. 89, May 1881. - Quarterly Review,—Vol. CLI, No. 302, April 1881. ——. Edinburgh Review,—Vol. CLIII, No. 314, April 1881. ——. The Ibis,—Vol. V, No. 18, April 1881. Hargitt, H.—Notes on Woodpeckers.—No. 1, On the Piculets of the Old World. Gurney, J. H.—Notes on a ‘ Catalogue of the Accipitres in the British Muse- um,’ by R. Bowdler Sharpe (1874). Burbridge’s ‘Gardens of the Sun,’ Sharpe on New Birds from New Guinea. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science,—Vol. XXI, No. 82, April 1881. Cunningham, D, D.—On the development of Certain Microscopic Organisms occurring in the Intestinal Canal. Annals and Magazine of Natural History,—Vol. VII, No. 41, May 1881. Ginther, Dr. A.—Seventh Contribution to the Knowledge of the Fauna of Madagascar. Niceville, Lionel de.—Note on Papilio nebulosus, Butler. Butler, A. G.—On a collection of Nocturnal Lepidoptera from the Hawaiian Islands. Waterhouse, C. O.—Description of two new Longicorn Coleoptera and a new Genus of Dynastide. Waterhouse, 0. O.—Description of a new species of the Coleopterous Genus Dryops from Pekin (Family Parnide). Wood-Mason, J.— Description of a new Cornuted Species of Cetoniide from North-Eastern India. Philosophical Magazine,—Vol. XI, No. 69, May 1881. Messenger of Mathematics,—Vol. X, No. 11, March 1881. The Entomologist,—Vol. XIV, No. 216, May 1881. Gooch, W. D.— Butterfly hunting in Natal, on the Coast-lands., The Entomologist’s Monthly Has ae hs XVII, No. 204, May 1881. The Nineteenth Century,—Vol. IX, No. 50—51. April and May 1881. Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol. XXIX, ‘Nos. 1486—1489. No. 1486. Westgarth, W—Foreign and Colonial Section:—Trade Relations of the Colonies and the mother Country. The Publishers’ Circular,—Vol. XLIV, Nos. 1048—1049. Chemical News,—Vol. XLIII, Nos, 1120—1124. No. 1120. Pickering, S. U.—Notes on the Oxides of Manganese. Prud’ Homme, Maurice.x—Dyeing Reds with Artificial Alizarin. No. 1121. Pickering, S. U—Notes on the Oxides of Manganese. Romanis, R. —Analyses of Rice Soils from Burmah. New Haven. American Journal of Science,—Vol. XXI, No. 124, April 1881. Paris. Annales de Chimie et de Physique,—Vol. XXII, April 1881. Bertin, M. A.—E/‘tude sur les Miroirs magiques. Revue de Linguistique,— Vol. XIV, Fasc. 2, April 1881. Vinson, J.—lLes premiers Grammairiens basques.—Notes de Silvain Pouvreau. Vinson, J.—Les basques du XIIe siécle.—Leurs moeurs et leur ss cs Vinson, J.—Spécimen de la poésie civaiste du sud de l’Inde, 1881.] Library. 131 Paris. Journal Asiatique, -Vol. XVII, No. 2, February— March 1881. . . Revue Critique,—Vol. XI, Nos. 19—22, May 1881. Revue des: deux Mondes,—Vol. XLV, 15th May and 1st June 1881. Comptes Rendus,—Vol. XCII, Nos. 18—22, May 1881. No. 18. Jamin, J.—Sur la force électromotrice inverse de l’are électrique. Gyldén,—Sur les inégalités 4 longues périodes dans les mouvements des corps célestes. - Revue Scientifique,—Vol. XXVII, Nos. 20—24. No. 20. Rolland, G.—Les grandes dunes de Sable du Sahara. De certaines immunités physiologiques de la race Juive. Journal des Savants, May 1881. Philadelphia. Tryon’s Manual of Conchology, Part 10. Pooks PURCHASED, Davins, T. W. Ruys. Buddhist Birth Stories; or Jataka Tales. The oldest collection of Folk-Lore extant, being the Jatakatthavannana. Translation. Vol. I. S8vo., London, 1880. Encyclopedia Britannica, ninth edition, Vol. XII, Hir.—Ind. 4to., Edin- burgh, 1881. Favrmany, C. Das Buch der Schrift enthaltend die Schriftzeichen und Alphabete aller Zeiten und aller Volker des Erdkreises. 4to., Vienna, 1880. Le Contz, J. Sight: An Exposition of the Principles of Monocular and Binocular Vision, Dy. 8vo., London, 1881. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. FoR prucust, 1881, ————— The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 3rd August 1871, at 9-15 Pp. M. C. H. Tawney, Es@., Vice-President, in the Chair. The minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed. The following presentations were announced— 1. From the Bengal Government,—(1) General Rules and Circular Orders of the High Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal (Appellate Side; Civil and Criminal), (2) Archzologicel Survey Reports, Vols. X and XI. 2. From the Bombay Government,—Archeological Survey of West- ern India, Reports, No. 10, by J. Burgess and Bhagawanlal Indraji. 8. From the German Oriental Society,—(t) Qolasta, by Dr. J. Euting, (2) Epistule Novi Testamenti Coptice, by P. Betticher, (8) Indische Studien, Vol. X, Nos. 1, 2 and 3. 4. From the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,—Library Cata- logue, May 188]. 5. From the Authors,—Sanskrit Worterbuch in kiirzerer Fassung, Pt. II, 2, by O. Béhtlingk ; The Precedents of Princess Thoodamma Tari ; Prince Weezaya, a Burmese drama, translated by Chr. J. Bandow ; The Revenue Resources of the Mughal Empire in India, from A. D. 1593 to A. D. 1707, by E. Thomas. 6. From K. Zoologisch Genootschap Natura Artis Magistra,—Cata- logus der Bibliotheek. 7. From the Home Department,—(1) Ar svsedotsiivs Survey of India, Reports, Vols. X and XI, (2) On the Manufacture of Iron and the Future of the Charcoal Iron Industry in India, (3) Samaveda Sanhita, Pt. 2. 8. From the Smithsonian Institution,—Annual Report for the year 134 Dr. Mitra—WNote on a Manuscript of the Bhatti Kavya, [Ava. 9. From the Editing Committee,—The Norwegian North Atlantic Expedition ;—Zoology, Fishes ; and Chemistry. 10. From F. C. Black, Esq.,—A stone slab bearing an inscription, found among the ruins of the old fort of Deogarh. The following Gentleman, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting, was balloted for and elected an Ordinary Member : H. C. Barstow, Esq., C. 8. The following Gentleman is a candidate for ballot at the next meeting : H. M. Percival, Esq , Professor, Presidency College, proposed by C. H. Tawney, Esq., seconded by A. W. Croft, Esq. The SrcretTary reported that Dr. G. E. Dobson and Babus Dijendra- nath Tagore and Jogesh Chunder Dutt had intimated their desire to — withdraw from the Society. The Secretary reported that the following coins had been acquired — under the Treasure Trove Act: From the Deputy Commissioner of Bahraich,—16 copper coins of Sikander Lodi. ji Dr. R. Mrrra exhibited a MS. of the Bhatti Kavya in Bengali characters, 478 years old, and read the following note regarding it. , Note on a Manuscript of the Bhatti Kévya.— By Dr. R. Mirra. I have lately received from my travelling Pandit a MS. of the Bhatti Kavya, bearing date Saka 1826. It is written on yellow paper of Indian manufacture, and comprises 180 folia, each folium measuring 18} x 23 inches. The writing is in well-formed Bengali letters, differing in no respect from the Bengali writing by Pandits of the last century. The leaves are all stained with water marks, and the colour of the yellow orpiment with which they are dyed is very much faded, bearing unmis- takable testimony to the age of the MS. The number of lines on each page is 6, except on a few pages where only 5 lines are written. The colour of the ink is well preserved, except in the marginal notes written at different times by different persons. The name of the scribe is Puru- shottama Deva Sarma. A facsimile of the last page is given in plate II. The work is a standard text-book on grammar in Indian schools, and has already been printed several times, but the codex under notice is the oldest that has yet been discovered, and is worthy of notice from the fact of its being remarkably correct and containing some new readings, There are two other circumstances in connexion with the codex which are worthy of note. ‘The first is the name of the work, and the second, the SO ———— — oe ee eee eee ee Proceedings, As. Soc, Bengal, 1881 PLATE II FACSIMILE OF THE LAST PAGE OF A MS. OF THE BHATTI-KAVYA, DATED SAKA 1326, cpa KAD ge ae 4 , a Denno TH ‘ Enale D4 ee kl oe Wo. ar. Cyt ee at; Ms Fiawa ile? UL eks | 4 thsi mcvabls A t Meal iss oD a 1881.] Dr. Mitra—ote on a Manuscript of the Bhatti Kavya. 135 name of its author. In all the modern MSS. of the work that I have seen the name of the book always appears to be Bhatti; and the six commentators whose works are accessible to me in Calcutta either call it Bhatti, or “an epic (ahakavya) on the history of Rama.” Nowhere is any specific name given for the work. European orientalists, com- menting on the work, have invariably used the name Bhatti, without any doubt or qualification. The MS. under notice, however, gives the specific name Rdvana-badha or “the Destruction of Ravana,’ and in the colophon of the Serampur edition the same name is to be met with, though it is not given on the title-page. The disuse of the specific name can be attributed to one of two causes; either the author left an only work to posterity, and therefore his name was held enough to indicate his work, as in the cases of S%supdla-badha and the Kirdtdrjuntya, which are best known by the names of their authors, Magha and Bharavi; or to the fact of there having been another work of the same name of great renown, the Ravanabadha of Pravarasena, and the necessity thence arising for a mark of distinction. As regards the name of the author, commentators are very much divided in opinion. The MS. under notice makes Bhatti, son of Sridhara Svdmi, to be the author. Its words are 140 Dr. Mitra—On the Temples of Deoghar. [| AUG. and 4 inches in diameter. It is held in the highest veneration, and pilgrims by thousands resort to the place from all parts of India, During the principal festivals, the number of pilgrims varies from 40 to 60 thousand. The lingam is noted for effecting miraculous cures. On the north, ‘the south and the west sides of the temple, there are verandas, in which from 40 te 60 persons are to be daily seen lying in absolute fast for days, in the hope of the divinity disclosing to them in dreams the remedy for their ailments. Most people are blessed with the dream on the 3rd, 4th or 5th day of their fast, but those who are not so blessed even on the 7th day are generally driven away on the 8th to prevent death by starvation. Cures are frequent, particularly of nervous diseases, such as hysteria and the like. | Some of the images in the minor temples are of Buddhist origin. In one temple a figure of Padmapani is worshipped as Surya, and the image of a Bodhisattva does duty in another temple for the goddess of Dawn, Sandhyd. The author is of opinion that the place was originally the site of a Buddhist sanctuary which has been, since the expulsion of the Buddhists, appropriated to Hindu worship. ‘The paper includes texts and translations of all the inscriptions available at the place, as also a drawing of the principal temple and a ground-plan. This paper will be published in the Journal, Part I. 2. On the origin of the so-called Kharakpur Meteorite——By V. Batt, M: A. F. G. 8. [Received 28th July; Read 8rd August, 1881.] In the year 1848 a mass of iron supposed to be of meteoric origin, which had been found embedded in the soil on the top of the Kharakpur hills, was forwarded to the Asiatic Society. It was stated that it had been exhumed by the hillmen and had been an object of worship for many ears. 4 Mr. Piddington, who had invited Capt. Sherwill to procure it for the Society, after a physical and chemical examination which is fully detailed in the Journal,* pronounced it to be a veritable meteoric iron. The chemical examination was believed to have revealed the presence of nickel, cobalt and chromium, which metals commonly occur in meteoric irons, The metal was stated to exhibit the damasked lines known as Wied- mannstatten figures which are specially characteristic of meteoric irons. - The result was, in short, that this mass of metal weighing nearly 156} pounds became renowned as the Kharakpur meteorite and for many years it held a place of honour in the case of meteoric stones in the Society’s Museum. About the year 1860 a sample cut from it was * Volume XVII, p. 538. 1881.] V. Ball—On the origin of the Kharakpur Meteorite. 141 ‘sent to Dr. Haidinger in Vienna and possibly specimens were also sent to other Museums in Europe. Dr. Haidinger* declared the iron to be of non-meteoric origin, an opinion which was founded not only on the absence of true Wiedmann- statten figures, but also on an analysis of the metal by Herr Karl Ritter von Hauer which gave 98 per cent. of iron with a residue of silica and carbon; but no trace of either nickel or cobalt. Recently, when writing the Chapter on Iron for the forthcoming volume on the Hconomic Geology of India, it occurred to me that it was necessary that the true nature of this iron should be discussed, for, if it were really native iron, it was, though not of meteoric origin, still worthy of notice. On enquiry I found that the specimen had been removed from the meteorite cases in consequence of its having been shown to be not entitled to its place there; but it seems that its true origin has never been declared. In conjunction with several of my colleagues, I am fully satisfied that it is nothing more nor less than an abnormally large ball ‘or bloom of iron from a native furnace. This view affords a means of explaining the origin of the foot-like portion projecting from the mass which Mr. Piddington endeavoured to explain in connection with the meteorite theory. This foot was simply produced by the impress of the base of the chimney shaft over the hearth which became filled with the iron ; such a projection, which is in other words a cast of the form of the bottom of the shaft, is to be seen on the majority of blooms, which re- semble in shape inverted ‘button’ mushrooms with a portion of the stalk remaining. : _., The. Kharakpur iron differs from the native smglter’s ordinary bloom in being somewhat larger and in being of less symmetrical shape than is usual. Its preservation and employment as an object of worship were doubtless connected with these facts. It is possible that the hearth may have been of the ordinary size but by a subsidence, due perhaps to an unobserved hollow or ant burrow in the soil underneath, it became enlarged on one side ; and thus a long time elapsed after the smelting had commenced before the accumulated metal rose to the usual level at the base of the shaft, when the smelter’s custom is to stop the blast, break down the front of the furnace, and pull out, hammer and cut the bloom in two. It may have been that the smelters, already alarmed by the unusual consumption of ore and fuel, were fairly frightened out of their senses when they saw the size of the bloom and thought it was the old Bhit himself, and at once proceeded to perform homage, which continued to be offered by their descendants till the time when the bloom was * Sitzung. der Kais. Akad. Wien, XLV, p. 672. 142 J. Wood-Mason & L. de Nicéville—Andamanese Rhopalocera. [ Ave. carried off by an Indigo Planter who presented it to the Society through Capt. Sherwill. Another simpler explanation of the cause of its having escaped the usual treatment of blooms may possibly be attributable to the fact that its large size, and the comparatively cold state of a great portion of it, rendered it impossible for the smelters to hammer it out. That the first suggestion, however, is not an extravagant one may be gathered from the fact that recently, when in the close vicinity of the locality where this iron was obtained, I was shown an iron mine which had been deserted for the following reason. Some of the ore had been treated in the usual way, and on the smelters tapping the furnace, so the story goes, two streams, one of blood and the other of milk, flowed from it, Several deaths happened shortly after in the families of the smelters, and since that time, now twelve years ago, no more of that unlucky ore has been used in the furnaces. As a possible explanation for the origin of the stream of milk, it may be suggested that the ore may have been partly of tin or lead, and the white metal which flowed forth may have suggested milk. The stream of blood may have been imaginary, the idea being simply added to improve the story. 3. Second List of Rhopalocerous Lepidoptera from the Andaman Islands, with Descriptions of new or little-known Species and Varieties.— By J. Woop-Mason, Deputy Superintendent, Indian Museum, Calcutta, and L. DE NICE'VILLE. (Abstract.) Since the publication of their first list of Andamanese Butterflies, the authors have received from their active correspondent, Mr. A. R. de Roepstorff, 17 additional species, 18 of which have not been previously recorded therefrom, thus bringing up the total of species from these islands to 125. The following are the species which are new to the islands or upon which notes are given :— 1. Oyrestis horatius, n. sp. Allied to ©. cocles, which it closely resembles in the character of the markings, but from which it differs in the ground-colour of the upperside being pure white marked with different shades of sepia-brown, in having a pale fulvous patch at the anal angle of the posterior wings, and, on the underside, in having only the lightest portions of the sepia markings absent. Nine males from S. Andaman. 2. Cyrestis thyodamas, var. andamanica, nova. Differs from all continental examples in the bright fulvous, almost ferruginous, anal region of the posterior wings, &c. A large series of males from S. Andaman, 3. Neptis jumba, Moore. EE aE ee errrlhc ee eee _ e e ee e ee e e e eeee ———e —— wwe —— ) 1881.] J. Wood-Mason & L. de Nicéville—Andamanese Rhopalocera. 148 4. Lampides malaya, Horsfield. 5. _——. Verhandlungen, Nos. 1—7, 1881. BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS, presented by the Authors. Banpow, Cur. J. The Precedents of Princess Thoodamma Tsari. Translated with numerous explanatory notes, and a vocabulary of the Pali and difficult Burmese words in the text, Demy 8vo. Rangoon, 1881. 146 Library. [Ave. Banpow, Cur. J. Prince Weezaya, a Burmese Drama. Translated. Demy Svo. Rangoon, 1872. BéutiineK, Dr. O. Sanskrit Worterbuch in kiirzerer Fassung, Part II, 2. 4to. St. Petersburg, 1881. Tomas, Epwarp. The Revenue Resources of the. Mughal Empire in India from A. D. 1593 to A. D. 1707. A supplement to the Chronicles of the Pathan Kings of Delhi. 8vo. London, 1871. MiscELLANEOUS PRESENTATIONS. General Rules and Circular Orders of the High Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal (Appellate Side, Civil). 8vo. Calcutta, 1881. e (Appellate Side, Criminal). 8vo. Calcutta, 1881. Rept < on the Charitable Dispensaries under the Government of Bengal for the year 1880. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Administration Report on the Jails of Bengal for the year 1880. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Thirteenth Annual Report of the Sanitary Commissioner for Bengal, 1880. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Archeological Survey of India, Reports, Vols. X and XI. 8vo. Calcutta, 1880. BENGAL GOVERNMENT. Burgess, J. and Inprast, Buagwantat.—(Archeological Survey of Western India, Reports, No. 10.) Inscriptions from the Cave Temples of Western India, with Descriptive notes, &c. 4to. Bombay, 1881. Bombay GOVERNMENT. Report on the Excise Revenue in the Central Provinces, for the year 1880-81. Fep. Nagpur, 1881. Report, with the Chief Commissioner’s Review, on Education in the Central Provinces, for the year 1880-81. Fcp. Nagpur, 1881. CuieFr COMMISSIONER, CENTRAL PROVINCES. Tornoz, H. The Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition, 1876-78. Chemistry. 4to. Christiana, 1880. Cottett R. The Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition, 1876-78. Zoology,—Fishes. 4to. Christiana, 1880. Tue Epirine CoMMITTEE. Evutine, Dr. J. Qolasta, oder Gesinge und Lehren von der Taufe und dem Ausgang der Seele als mandaischer Text mit simmtlichen Varianten nach Pariser und Londoner Manuscripten, mit Unterstiitzung der deutschen morgenlandischen Gesellschaft in Leipzig. Fol. Stuttgart, 1867. Boerricuer, Pautus. Epistule Novi Testamenti Coptice. 8vo, Hala, 1852. 1881.] Library. 147 Indische Studien, Vol. X, Nos. 1, 2 and 3. 8vo. Leipzig, 1867-68. GERMAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY. Archeological Sacey of India, Reports, Vols. X and XI. 8vo. Calcutta, 1881. On the Manufacture of Iron and the Future of the Charcoal Iron Industry in India. Fep. Allahabad. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol. X, Part 121, July 1881. Home DEpPaRrTMEnT. Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Library Catalogue, May 1881]. With Subject Index of Papers in the Proceedings, 1847-80. 8vo. London, 1881. Institution OF MicHANIcAL ENGINEERS. Catalogus der Bibliotheek van het K. Zodlogisch Genootschap, Natura Artis Magistra, te Amsterdam. Roy. 8vo. Amsterdam, 1881. ; K. ZodLtogiscH GENOOTSCHAP. Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution for the year ike 8vo. Washington, 1880. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. PERIODICALS PURCHASED. Boston. Journal of Natural History,—Vol. VI, Nos. 1—4. — Calcutta. Indian Forester,—Vol, VII, No. 1, July 1881. . Calcutta Review,—Vol. LXXIII, No. 145, July 1881. 7 . Indian Medical Gazette,—Vol. XVI, No. 7, July 1881. _ Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles,—Vol. V, Nos. 1—6. . No 2. Beyer. —Reproduction artificielle de l’indigo. Voyage sur le ‘ Chal- lenger :’’ Zoologie. No. 4. Wartmann, M. le Prof. E.—Recherches sur la amet No. 5. Marsh.—Les Odontornithes, ou oiseaux fossiles 4 dents de l Amérique du Nord, décrits.—Gnehm, R.—Essais sur la transformation de la cumarine et de ses dérivés en dérivés du groupe de Vindigo. Lunge, G.—Détermina- tion du soufre dans les pyrites. No. 6. Renevier, L.—Congrés géologique international 4 Bologne: Rappor% | du Comité suisse sur l’unification de la nomenclature, Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—Nos. 25—28. - Nachrichten,—No. 10, 1881. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XIII, No. 6. - ‘ Beiblatter,—Vol. V, No. 5 London. Nineteenth Century,—No. 52, June 1851. a . Messenger of Mathematics,—Vol. X, No. 12, April 1881. _——. Journal of Botany,—Vol. X, No. 222, June 1881. ——. Entomologist,—Vol. XIV, No. 217, June 1881. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,—Vol. XVIII, No. 205, June 148 Library. London, Annals and Magazine of Natural History,—Vol. VII, No. 42, June 1881. London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine,—Vol. XI, Nos. 70—71. Journal of Science,—Vol. III, No. 90, June 1881. Publishers’ Circular,—Vol, XLIV, Nos. 1050—51. Chemical News,—Vol. XLIII, Nos. 1125—1126, Index ; and Vol. XLIV, Nos. 1127—1128. Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol. XXIX, Nos. 1490—1494. Paris. Annales de Chimie et de Physique,—Vol. XXIII, May and June 1881. Comptes Rendus, Vol. XCII, Nos. 23—26, and Index to Vol. XCI. Revue Scientifique, Vol. XX VII, Nos. 25—26, and Vol. XXVIII, Nos. 1—2. ——. Revue Critique, Vol. XI, Nos. 24—26, and Vol, XII, No. 27. —. Revue des deux Mondes—Vol. XLV, No. 4; Vol. XLVI, No, 1. Journal des Savants,—June 1881. Pooks PURCHASED. Bap@eEr, Gro. Percy. An English-Arabic Lexicon, in which the Equival- ents for English Words and Idiomatic Sentences are rendered into Literary and Colloquial Arabic. 4to. London, 1881. BoweErBank, J.S. A Monograph of the British Spongiade, Vol. If. Svo. London, 1874. Brapy, G. Srewarpson. A Monograph of the Free aud Semi-Parasitic — Copepoda of the British Islands, Vols. I—III. 8vo. London, 1878—80. Bucxkton, Geo. BowptER. Monograph of the British Aphides, Vols. I, II and III. 8vo. 1876—81. St. E’tienne. Congrés Provincial des Orientalistes Francais,—Egyptologie, I Bulletin, Vol. II. 8vo. Saint-E’tienne, 1880. Davips, T. W. Rhys. Buddhist Sutras, translated from Pali. (F. Max Miiller’s “‘ Sacred Books of the Hast,” Vol. XI.) 8vo. Oxford, 1881. Hewirson, Witttam C. Exotic Butterflies. Part 82, April lst 1872; and Part 83, July lst 1872. 4to. London, 1872. Murray, James A. The Plants and Drugs of Sind; being a Systematic Account with Descriptions of the Indigenous Flora, and Notices of the Value and Uses of their Products in Commerce, Medicine and the Arts. Roy. 8vo. London and Bombay, 1881. Sowersy, G. B. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, Parts 35 and 36. 4to. 1880. The Zoological Record for 1879 (Vol. XVI). 8vo. London, 1881. Wrieut, Dr. Wruttam. (Paleographical Society.) Facsimiles of Ancient MSS. Oriental Series, Part VI. Fol. London, 1881. ee ee ee PROCEEDINGS OF THE -ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. For NoveMBER, 1881. — E The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on Wednesday, the 2nd November, at 9 Pp. m. C. H. Tawney, Esq., M. A., Vice-President, in the Chair, The minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed. The following presentations were announced— _ From St. Xavier’s College Observatory,—Results of Observations, January to June 1881. From the Hungarian Academy of Sciences,—(1) Codex Cumanicus Bibliothecee ad Templum divi Marci Venetiarum, by Comes Géza Kuun, (2) Nyelvemléktar. Régi Magyar Codexek és Nyomtatvanyok, Vols. VII and VIII, by J. Budenz, G. Szarvas, and A. Szilady. From the British Museum,—(1) Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum, Vols. I and II, by Chas. Rieu, (2) Catalogue of - Oriental Coins in the British Museum, Vol. VI, (3) Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum, Vol. V, by R. B. Sharpe, (4) Ilustrations of Typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the British Museum, Pt. V, by A. G. Butler. From the Editing Committee, The Norwegian North Atlantic Expedi- tion 1876-78, Zoology, Gephyrea, by D. C. Danielssen, and Johan Koren. From the Johns Hopkins University,—On the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat, with Subsidiary Researches on the Variation of the Mercurial from the Air Thermometer and on the Variation of the Specific Heat of Water, by Henry A. Rowland. From the Home Department,—Sacred Books of the East, Vols. X and XI, edited by Max Miiller. From the Society,—Katalog der Bibliothek der deutschen Morgen- landischen Gesellschaft, ITI. From the Authors,—(1) On the Land Shells of the Island of Socotra collected by Professor Bayley Balfour, by Lieut.-Col. H. H. Godwin- Austen, (2) Bilingual Coins of Bukhara, by Edward Thomas. 150 Presentations. [ Nov. From the Indian Museum,—Annual Report for pra 1880 to March 1881. From the Geological Survey of India,—Popular Guides to the Geologi- cal collections in the Indian Museum No. 1, Tertiary Vertebrata, by R. Lydekker, No. 2, Minerals, by F. Rt. Mallet, and No. 4, Paleontological Collections, by Dr. O. Feistmantel. From the Marine Survey Department,—Return of Wrecks and Casual- ties in Indian waters for the year 1880, and charts of (1) Stewart’s Sound, (2) Sadashivgad Bay including Port Karwar and Beitkul Cave, (3) Arabian Sea. From J. V. Juggarrow’s Observatory,—Results of Meteorological Observations, 1880. From Lieut. R. C. Temple,—Note on two Maps of the Andaman Islands (with Maps), by E. H. Man and Lieut. R. C. Temple. From the Meteorological Reporter to the Government of India,—Re- port on the Meteorology of India in 1879, 5th year. From the Panjab Government,—(1) A complete Dictionary 2 the Terms used by Criminal Tribes in the Panjab together with a short History of each Tribe, and the Names and Places of Residence of individual Mem- bers, by Muhammad Abdul Ghafur, (2) Appendix—A detailed Analysis of Abdul Ghafur’s Dictionary of the Terms used by Criminal Tribes in the Panjab, by Dr. G. Leitner, (8) A sketch of the ee tee and of their Dia- lect by Dr. G. W. Leitner. From the Société Zoologique de France,—De la Nomenclature des Etres Organisés. From the Society,—Catalogue de la Bibliothéque de la Société Na- tionale des Sciences Naturelles et Mathématiques de Cherbourg, Pt. I, by Auguste le Jolis. From Mr. J. de Goeje,—The History of the Almohades by Abdo-’l- Wahid al-Marrékoshi, by R. Dozy. From the Government, N. W. P.—Notes on the Economic Products of the North-Western Provinces, Pt. V. The Secretary read the following extracts from a letter from Dr. R. Mitra forwarding a presentation copy of his work entitled: “ Indo- Aryans: Contributions towards the Elucidation of their Ancient and Medizval History.” “Will you do me the favour to present the accompanying two volumes to the Asiatic Society at its next meeting? ‘The Library of the Society afforded me the materials for my researches ; the kind consideration shown me by the Society enabled me to persevere in my undertaking; and the publications of the Society provided me the means of bringing to light the fruits of my labours. In now bringing out a new edition of my 1881. ] Elections. 151 essays, I cannot allow the opportunity to pass without expressing my grate- ful acknowledgments to the Society.” The PRESIDENT announced that, according to Rule 7, the following Gentlemen had been elected Ordinary Members of the Society by the Council during the recess :— H. M. Percival, Esq., proposed by C. H. Tawney, Esq., seconded by A. W. Croft, Esq. Chr. J. Bandow, Esq., proposed by Dr. A. F. R. Hoernle, seconded by Dr. H. W. M’Cann. | These elections were confirmed by the meeting. The SecrEerary reported that since the last meeting in August, the following Gentlemen had intimated their desire to withdraw from the Society :— Dr. D. B. Smith, H. K. W. Arnold, Esq., and that the elections of the following Gentlemen had been cancelled under Rule 9, as they had not paid their admission fee and first quarter’s subscription :— R. O. Lees, Esq., proposed by L. Schwendler, Esq. Babu Peary Mohn Guha, proposed by Babu Adharlal Sen. Babu Trailokyanath Mitra, proposed by Babu Adharlal Sen. The following Gentleman duly proposed and seconded at the Septem- ber meeting of the Council was elected an Ordinary Member :— L. de Nicéville, Esq., proposed by H. B. Medlicott, Esq., seconded by Dr. J. Anderson. The following Gentlemen are candidates for ballot at the next meeting : Ri. Logan, Esq., proposed by Hon. H. J. Reynolds, seconded by J. Westland, Esq. J. J. Monteath, Esq., M. D., proposed by J. Wood-Mason, Ksq., seconded by Dr. D. D. Cunningham. The Councit reported that, in consequence of the deaths of Sir John Philippart, the Count de Noe, Professor Isaac Lea, Colonel W. Munro, and Sir J. W. Colvile, there were five vacancies in the list of Honorary Members, and recommended to the Society the four following gentlemen for election as Honorary Members at the next meeting :— Dr. William Wright, Professor of Arabic in the University of Cam- bridge, on account of his distinguished services to Arabic scholarship. Dr. Rudolph v. Roth, Professor of Sanskrit in the University of ‘Tubingen, for his services to Sanskrit scholarship, especially in co-editing the St. Petersburg Sanskrit Dictionary and the Atharva Veda Sanhita. Sir William Thomson, Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Glasgow, and Hermann L. F. Helmholtz, Professor of Physics in the - 152 Photographs of Fuegans exhibited. [Nov. Uniyersity of Berlin, for their numerous and important contributions to Science, both theoretical and practical. The Covnctt also recommended that the remaining vacaney be left unfilled for the present. The Covuncit reported that the bust of the late Mr. Henry Blochmann had been received, and that a suitable pedestal had been ordered for it. The SEcRETARY announced that the following works had been sanc- tioned for publication in the Bibliotheca Indica, on the recommendation of the Philological Committee :— The text of the Lamiyyet-el-Arab, accompanied by two translations, one in prose and the other in verse, by C. J. Lyall, B. A., C.S. A translation of the 2nd Volume of Abd-ul-Kadir’s Muntakhab-ul- Tawarikh, by Rev. W. H. Lowe, M. A. The Covuncit reported that Mr. V. Ball had tendered his resignation as Honorary (Natural History) Secretary and Treasurer, on his departure for England, and that Mr. Wood-Mason had resumed the Natural History Secretaryship and Mr. J. Eliot had consented to act as Treasurer. The Councrn recommended that, in consideration of Mr. Ball’s long services to the Society, and his numerous and valuable contributions to Indian Science, he be presented with the Society’s publications gratuitously for the rest of his life. This was unanimously agreed to. The SEcRETARY read a letter from Col. J. F. Tennant, F. R. S., dated 21st October, forwarding four photographs of the Tierra del Fuego savages at the Bois de Boulogne, Paris, together with a short account of them in French. Owing to a famine which last year depopulated Tierra del Fuego, these savages were compelled to beg for food from the Captain of a German vessel, and were induced by the promise of a plentiful supply of provisions to allow themselves to be brought to Europe. Although belonging to tho most degraded and ferocious of savage races, under kindly treatment they have become fairly docile, and by appealing to their love of imitation have been induced to adopt various civilized habits. For example, although the instinct of modesty is dormant within them, they have become particular about their clothes, through noticing that all the visitors to the Jardin d’Acclimatation are scrupulously covered from the neck to the feet. The photographs exhibited were obtained by first photographing some employés of the Garden, and thus inducing them out of a love of imitation to submit to the same process. So also, after some of the employés had been vacci- * nated in their presence, they complacently submitted to the same operation. ee a = Proceedings, As. Soc. Bengal, 1881. PLATE III, : a | ee ee ee Tracing from Sun Negative taken at Dehra Observatory, Great Trigonometrical Survey of India. Latitude 30°-19'-29"N. Longitude 78°-5-42"E. Height above Sea 2232 feet, on July 25th 1881, at 4h.-47m. P.M., local apparent time. Spots visible in previous Negative taken or. the same day at 3h.-58m, P.M., are shewn in Dlack. And the new spots which appeared between 4 and 5 P.M., are shewn in Led, eS Pe 4 REWIND Daath Womdraticnl anit v ee ee err ty, a i : , 4 oy Ll Fd ‘ | oh 4 leot - r vind i 14] W2 ; 2 : Sat hi A Wh atk * * al ae Fi é a | ‘ t “ . J j | i vf ' a 4 y, a x rv 2 i~ rs } ver ¥ he Pe ‘ ¢ f i y ; | . . .% , " ' ey % : ? e ; ' x ; : ha 4 5 7 , ¥ ty she, as ty Mi : + ~ P F * .. ‘ : A ‘" 7) ; 4 | | : ¢. | " sh : ; r PF . | v" . a* PtH 4 SAS ova ae | rs Ves : . me P aby ; , s " 5) ae See , Peed : ‘ f \ Me . . ‘ .% ¥ | 4 a ‘ ug } Ke all Vie aL ‘ res : an ‘ , ri 4 | Ai A ; en A ; f a ¥ " ay a ‘ ; ; “i 1 , i 4 ee ; | j : ; ; hy x * ‘* ’ * ; ¥r4 i ty tA * ¢ py f * os f ad | ‘ > * y et : P ¢ ’ f nt ’ ye * v ¥ ¢ a ¢ x ; . f ‘Mi? ’ ~# ew A ho q § i ay Ctl) ne A * fi: > wy 1881.] — I. B. N. Hennessey—On an outburst of Sun-spots. 153 At first they satisfied their thirst by plunging their faces into water and drinking like cattle: but they have now learned to drink out of a glass or from a tap. They have made no improvement, however, in the matter of food, which is principally flesh-meat either eaten raw or rudely cooked by placing it for a few minutes on hot cinders. When coins were first presented to them by visitors, they mistook them for food and tried to eat them: on finding out their mistake, they threw them away in disgust. They refuse to sleep on anything but a rude bed of straw, which they take no trouble to renew. They remain generally quite silent, rarely speak to one another, and then only in a low voice, and only show any vivacity of expression when they are eating their meals. Cou. TENNANT says of these photographs— ‘‘ Low as their intellect is said to be, I do not think that the photo- graphs show any great want of natural intelligence, and in this respect they agree with my own impression. Indeed, I think they are not unfair like- nesses of the people.” The SzecrETARY read the following letter from Mr. J. B. N. Hennes- sey, F. R.S., Deputy Superintendent, Survey of India, on an outburst of sun-spots observed at Dehra Dun :— “The following particulars of an outburst of sun-spots may be of interest to the Society not only on account of the magnitude of the occurrence but because the time of the event is known within smal/ limits. “I premise briefly, that a Photoheliograph is in daily use at the office of the Trigonometrical Branch Survey of India, Dehra Dun, of which I have executive charge. At present the instrument yields only 4-inch pictures. At least two negatives are taken daily of the sun when visible. “ On the 25th July 1881, the earliest negative obtained was at 3h. 58m. Pp. M. (Local Apparent Time): it exhibited several sun-spots as is now usual and of which therefore little need be said, for it is no doubt known to the Society that the sun for some months past has resumed a state of considerable energy in respect to development of features: this negative for the sake of distinction may be understood by N,. The second negative or N, was taken at 4h. 47m. P.M. On comparing N, and Ng, it was at once seen that in the interval of 49m. a considerable group of spots had appeared in the neighbourhood of the sun’s centre. It is difficult to repro- duce with fidelity such features from so small a negative even by means of a silver print. I, however, enclose a hand-tracing of the negative Ny (Plate III), in which the new group of spots is shown in red, so that the position of the group may be nearly inferred. “This new group consists of 16 spots of which no individual spot is notably large, but there is this peculiarity about them all that they exhibit hardly any penumbra but consist almost entirely of well defined umbra: eee ee ee ale 154 On the ‘ Kumbhupatias,’ [ Nov. what penumbra appears is confined chiefly to two spots, where it is seen only to the S. E. “ As to magnitude, the spots are scattered over an area of some 6000 millions of square miles, while the collective area of the spots themselves is about 630 millions of square miles, or, say, 6 times the area presented by the earth to a distant spectator. “Unhappily the sun remained invisible till the 30th July, when two negatives were taken, ¢. ¢. after an interval of just 5 days; so far as solar rotation could effect, the so-called new group of N, should have been visible not far from the sun’s western edge; but the entire group had vanished leaving no trace behind. In the interim of 5 days, 2 new spots had come out; of one of these I may add that the umbra is about 200 millions of square miles and the penumbra some 700 millions, present- ing in all a single feature of more than 900 millions square miles, or say 9 times the area exhibited by the earth to a distant spectator. “It will be seen from the foregoing that a considerable group of sun- spots burst into view about the centre of the sun on 25th July 1881 between the hours of 3h. 58m. Pp. M. and 4h. 47m. pv. m. local apparent time, Dehra Dun.” | Dr. M’Cayn drew the attention of the Society to some letters which had appeared in ‘ Nature” from Professor Piazzi Smyth, which were of interest in connection with the outburst of sun-spots observed by Mr. Hennessey. It appears that on January 26th of this year, a most peculiar series of clouds formed in the upper regions of the atmosphere above Madeira. These clouds resembled closely the appearances observed in vacuumetubes through which electrical discharges are passing : and Professor — Smyth attributes their formation to the passage of electrical discharges from the earth through the upper rarefied regions of the atmosphere. Professor Smyth, who had an observatory fitted up at Madeira, found that, simulta- neously with this extraordinary cloud phenomenon, there was a sudden out- burst of sun-spots in the centre of the sun’s disc. A month afterwards, on July 26th, a precisely similar series of clouds was formed over Madeira. From its exact resemblance to that of June 26th, Professor Smyth formed the opinion that there would probably be a similar outburst of sun-spots : but, as his observatory was by this time dismantled, he was unable to verify this inference. Now, however, Mr. Hennessey’s independent observation at Dehra Dun shows that Professor Smyth’s inference was correct, and that in this case also the appearance of the electrical cloud was immediately preceded by a sudden outburst of sun-spots, indicating a sudden increase of solar activity. The SEcRETARY read a communication from the Under-Secretary to the Government of Bengal, Judicial Department, giving some particulars of the tenets, habits, customs, and places of residence of the sect of Hindu - + 1881. | A Sect of Hindu Dissenters. 155 dissenters called “ Kumbhupatias,’’? who recently made an attack on the Temple of Jaggannath in Puri, with the object of burning the idol of Jaggannath, during which one of them was killed. The Chief Commis- sioner of the Central Provinces gives the following account of the sect. “There is a peculiar sect of Hindu dissenters in the Sambulpore dis- trict, known as Kumbhupatias. The word Kumbhupatia is derived from ‘kumbhu,’ the name of a kind of tree, and ‘pat,’ the bark of a tree, and the sect is so called because its followers make ropes from the bark of the tree and wear them round their waists. ‘The religion is also known as that of Alekh, and its followers claim revelation as its foundation. Alekh- swamy, the god incarnate, used, it is said, to reside in the Himalayas, but about the year 1864 he came to Malbaharpore in Banki, zillah Cuttack, and revealed the religion professed by the Kumbhupatias to 64 persons, _ the principal of whom was Govind Dass; and it is chiefly owing to the exertions of these disciples that the religion was propagated. Alekhswamy (which signifies ‘ the lord whose attributes cannot be described in writing’) removed to Dhenkanal, a feudatory State in Cuttack, where, for three years immediately preceding his death, he led the life of a mendicant and wander- er. Although the religion originated in Cuttack, it spread more rapidly .in the district of Sambulpore, and men of all classes and castes, except the _ Uriya Brahmans, are freely embracing it. It is not so much the peculiari- ty of the rules of any particular caste or sect that tends to increase the ~number of converts to it as the position in life of the converts themselves : _ thus in Khinda the people of a whole village embraced the Kumbhupatia _ religion because the Gaontia had done so. The names of some thirty vil- lages are given as those in which the Kumbhupatias chiefly reside. “There are three sects of Kumbhupatias—(1) the Kumbhupatias pro- per, who wear ropes made of the bark of trees; (2) the Kanapatias, who wear rags; and (3) the Ashritas or Grosthes, who lead a family life. The first two sects renounce the world and make no distinction of caste. They eat food given by people of any caste, except by a Raja, who is supposed - to accumulate his wealth by oppressing and torturing his subjects; by a _ Brahman or bhandari, because he accepts gifts made in shradh ceremonies ; _ by a washerman, because he washes the clothes of all classes of people; and by a hadi, because his occupation is filthy. The third sect do not - renounce the world nor deem celibacy essential, nor are they turned out of easte. They look up to the other two sects as their ‘ gurus’ or spiritual guides, and follow their religion. They bathe in the early morning. “‘ Hach sect has a separate temple or place of prayer. ‘They believe in _ one Supreme Being, who is called Alekh; truthfulness, obedience to spiri- _ tual guidance, and faith are the principal tenets of their religion. They q believe in the existence of the thirty-three crores of Hindu gods and god- 156 On the ‘ Kumbhupatias.’ [Nov. desses, but they do not respect their images, as they argue that it is impos- sible to represent the form of the Supreme Being, whom no one has ever seen, nor do they worship the Hindu gods and goddesses ; there is indeed reason to think that, unlike the followers of Ramanand, Kabir, and Chai- tunya, they have an antipathy to them, as they dislike to touch the tulsi plant, because it is held sacred by the Hindus, and will not eat the flesh of a goat, because it is offered in sacrifice to the Hindu goddess Kali. They eat and drink only in the daytime ; if they feel hungry or thirsty at night they can drink water only. They pray in the open air every day (morning and evening) with their faces turned towards the sun, and with their hands folded and held at the nose. If four or more persons join in the prayer, one of them recites, in humble words and suppliant voice, the praises of the Almighty, the others repeating the words after him. They bow down, prostrating themselves to the ground, 64 times, corresponding to the number of disciples of their god. Their habits are very filthy. They take no medicing, but rely on the help of their god alone for recovery : in case of severe illness, they take a little earth from the prayer-ground, mix it with rice-water, and drink the mixture. During the past two years the Kumbhupatias have divided into two sections. Formerly Bhima Kondh of Sonepore was the leader of the sect. Bhima was born blind, but he appears to have been endowed with natural talents of a superior order.. Though unable to read and write, he had some Uriya religious books, such as the Mahabharat and Srimat Bhagbat, read to him; and the education he thus received enabled him to compose two or three volumes of verses in praise of the Almighty, which, it asserted, would do credit to any Uriya scholar of the present day. He exercised great influence over his followers. The relations existing between him and a female companion, however, excited suspicion among his adherents, who, however, did not venture to question the purity of his conduct until the woman became pregnant, Bhima endeavoured to deceive his followers by telling them that the woman — would give birth to Arjun, who would root out all unbelievers. They believed this story, and waited until the child was born, when, to their great surprise, they found that the woman gave birth to a girl. Bhima accounted for this by saying that it had recently been revealed to him that the woman would give birth to a female, who would destroy all the un- believers by means of her charms. ‘The child, however, died a few days later, and Bhima then tried to mislead his followers still further by saying that the fairy had quitted this world because she had found it filled with the vices of mankind. He was now deserted by most of his followers, who formed a separate faction, but he is still highly adored and honoured by the remainder. He has erected an altar, over which he and his wife sit in the morning. His followers worship them and move round the altar until the time for their morning meal arrives, when their feet are washed 9 1881.] J. G. Delmerick—On a Silver coin. 157 with milk, which is afterwards drunk by their adherents. Another cause of dissension was because Bhima pretended that he himself was their god. “The Kumbhupatias who made a crusade against Jaggannath were residents of Chunderpore. Dasa Ram, the leader of the party which pro- ceeded to Puri, and who was killed in the scuffle at the temple, thought that, if Jaggannath were burnt, it would convince the Hindus of the futi- lity of their religion, and that the whole world would thereby embrace the true religion. This account is given by some of the Kumbhupatias who reside in Sambulpore ; and itis not improbable that the man was actuated by _ dreams, in which the Kumbhupatias firmly believe. If any member of the fraternity breaks any of the rules, speaks an untruth, or commits a crime, he is excommunicated. A man undergoes an examination before he is admitted into the sect. It is stated that the tehsildar of Ungul in Cuttack has been successful in reducing crime within his jurisdiction by encourag- ing a criminal class called “ Pans” to embrace the Kumbhupatia religion.” The PuHitotogicaL SECRETARY read a Memoraydum on some coins by Mr. T. A. M. Gennoe, with notes by General A. Cunningham and Dr. Rajendralala Mitra. _ These coins were five in number, but in the opinion of General A Cunningham and Dr. Hoernle only two of them were genuine: and these are already noticed in Marsden’s Oriental Coins, pp. 735 ff. and, according to General Cunningham, can be procured readily in every large town in Northern India. The following papers were read— 1. Ona Silver coin of Shams-ud-din Kaimurs.—By J. G. DELMERICK. With a note by GENERAL A. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. DELMERICK says: “ After the murder of Muiz-ud-din Kaikobad on the 18th Shavval A. H. 689 (October A. D. 1290), Jallal-ud-din Firoz, in order to gratify the peo- ple and silence the opposition of the army, having obtained possession of the murdered king’s only child, an infant of three years of age, placed him upon the throne, and caused the Khutba to be read and coins to be struck _ in the name of Shams-ud-din Kaimurs, but a few days afterwards Firoz sent _ this child to follow his father Kaikobad, and Firoz himself ascended the throne of Delhi on Friday the 25th Zilhijja (December) of the same year. “Ferishtah says that Jallal-ud-din Firoz was guilty of no further acts of cruelty after the death of the young prince, but became distinguished for his humanity and benevolence. “A coin of this unfortunate child, struck during his nominal reign, exists at Delhi and is in the possession of Pandit Rattan Narain, Nazir of the Deputy Commissioner’s Court. 158 Genl. Cunningham— felics from Ancient Persia. [Nov. “T subjoin a drawing and description of it— Silver. Weight 167 grains. Unique A. H. 6 ~ Square areas. alos} pbsyt tebe pl pashacadl OI gla ot pao regal Bs a5 Real git GENERAL CUNNINGHAM writes: “T have seen this silver coin of Shams-ud-din Kaimurs in the posses- sion of Pandit Ratan Narayan. It is genuine and unique. This young Prince is mentioned by Zia-ud-din Barui by his title only: see Elliot’s Muhammadan Historians, III, 183, ‘The Sultan’s child was seated on the throne, under the title of Sultan Shams-ud-din.’ * * ‘The sons of Jalal- ud-din went publicly at the head of 500 horse to the royal palace, seized upon the infant Sultdn, and carried him off to their father.’ Ferishta notes that Jalal-ud-din, after he had been proclaimed king ‘ caused the young Prince to be put to death,’ ” 2. On Relics from Ancient Persia in gold, silver and copper.—By GENERAL A. CunnineHam, C. 8. L, C. I. E. (Abstract.) In the year 1877, on the north bank of the Oxus, near the town of — Takht-i-Kuwat, opposite Khulm and two days’ journey from Kunduz, : there was found a large treasure of gold and silver figures, ornaments and coins, most of which have been brought to India for sale. This paper gives a description of most of the articles found, and is illustrated with 9 plates. The coins, so far as General Cunningham has seen them, range over a period of about 800 years, from the time of Darius to that of Antio- chus the Great and Euthydemus of Bactria. The gold and silver figures 1881. ] S. C. Das—Harly History and Religion of Tibet. 159 also seem to belong to different ages, as some are decidedly archaic, more especially a small statuette of a king in silver which the author of the paper thinks may be as old as the time of Darius. This paper will be published in full, with plates, in the Journal Pt. I, No. 3, for 1881. 8. The Bon (Pon) Religion —By Banoo Sarat CHanpra DAs, Deputy Inspector of Schools, Darjiling. (Abstract. ) This paper is a literal translation of the 8th and 11th portions of the well-known Tibetan work, Dub-thah Selkyz Melong, written by the Lama Je-tsun-lossang Chhoikyi Nyima pal Ssangpo about 1740 A. D. It con- tains a brief account of the history, sacred books, doctrines and ceremonies of the Bon religion, which anciently prevailed in Tibet, before the intro- duction of Buddhism. Three periods of the Bon religion are distinguished, - ealled the Jola Bon, the Khyar Bon and the Gyur Bon respectively. Dur- ing the Jola period, it appears to have been a kind of simple Shamaism ; in the Khyar period, it was mixed up with the Saiva doctrine of the Tirthi- kas; in the Gyur period, it was largely assimilated to Buddhism, which had been introduced into Tibet in the meantime. This paper will be published in full in the Journal, Pt. I, No. 3, for 1881. 4, The Early History of Tibet —By Baxsoo Ssrar Cuanpra DAs, Deputy Inspector of Schools, Darjiling. (Abstract.) This paper contains an account of the earlier history of Tibet, compiled from original sources, such as the Debther-ngon-po, Chhojung, Ga-nag-gi- tsi, Ngon-gyi-yig-tshang-nying-pa, etc. It is divided into two Parts. The first part narrates the earliest history of Tibet, from 416 B. C. to 917 A.D. The second part relates its history in the Middle Ages, from 917 to 1645 A. D. This paper will be published in full in the Journal, Pt. I, No. 3, for 1831. 160 Library. [Nov. PIBRARY. The following additions have been made to the Library since the Meet- ing held in August last. J RANSACTIONS, PROCEEDINGS AND JOURNALS, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Baltimore. American Journal of Mathematics,—Vol. III, No. 4. American Journal of Philology,—Vol. II, No. 6. Batavia. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indié, Vol. XL. Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-,Land-en Volkenkunde,—Vol. XXVI, Nos. 2-6, Vol. XXVII, No. 1. Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen,— Notulen, Vol. XVIII, Nos. 1-4, 1880; Vol. XIX, Nos. 1-2, 1881. : —. Verhandelingen,—Vol. XLI, No. 2. Berlin. K, preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften —Monatsbericht, March, April and May 1881. Bombay. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol. X, Pts. 128-125, August-October 1881. Bombay Branch, Royal Asiatic Society,—Journal, Vol. XV, No. 39, 1881, and Index to Vol. XIV, 1878-80. Bordeaux. Société de Géographie Commerciale,—Bulletin, Nos. 14-20, Budapest. Royal Hungarian Academy,—Evkonyvei, Vol. XVI, No. 6. . . Ertesitéje Nos. 7-8, 1879 ; and Nos. 1-8, 1881. . ——. Ertekezések,—Vol. VIII, Nos. 5-10, 1879; Vol. IX, Nos. 1-2, 1880. . Régi Magyar Koltok Tara,—Vols. II and III, 1880-81. —. Literarische Berichte aus Ungarn,—Vol. IV, 1-4, 1880. Ungarische Revue, Parts 1-4, 1881. Nyelvtudomanyi Kozlemények,—Vol. XV, Part 3; Vol. XVI, Part 1. : Almanach, 1881. Calcutta. Geological Survey of India,—Memoirs, Vol. XVIII, Part 3. Memoirs, Paleontologia Indica,—Series II, XI and XII, Vol. III, conclusion of Pt. 2; Series XIII, Vol. 1, Part 3. Original Meteorological (Bservationk- July oetemee 1881. Cherbourg. Société Nationale des Sciences Naturelles et Mathématiques,— Mémoires, Vol. XXII. eee ee 1881.] Library. 161 Dublin. Royal Irish Academy,—Proceedings (Polite Literature and Anti- quities), Vol. II, Ser. II, No. 2, December 1880: and (Science), Vol. III, Ser. II, Nos. 5 and 6, December 1880 and April 1881. Transactions (Polite Literature and Antiquities), Vol. XXVII, June 1881: and (Science), Vol. XXVIII, Parts 1-4 December 1880, February and March 1881. Geneva. Museo Civico di Storia Naturalii—Annali, Vol. XVII. Leipzig. Deutsche morgenlindische Gesellschaft,—Abhandlungen fir die i Kunde des Morgenlandes, Vol. VII, No. 4. Lisbon. Sociedade de Geographia,—Boletim, Second Series, No. 5. Liverpool. Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool,—Proceedings, Vols. XX XIII and XXXIV. London. The Academy,—Nos. 480-498. The Atheneum,—Nos. 2803-2816. Geological Society,— Quarterly Journal, Vol. XXXVIII, Parts «2-3. Institution of Civil Engineers,—Minutes of Proceedings, Vols. LXIV and LXV. 1 Charter, By-Laws and Regulations, and List of Mem- bers, August Ist 1881. Institution of Mechanical Engineers,—Proceedings, No. 2, April f 1881. . Nature—Vol, XXIV, Nos. 606, 611-617 and 619-624. Royal Society,— Proceedings, Vol. XXXII, Nos. 212, 218, and 214. — No. 212. Ferrier, David, and Yeo, G. F—The functional relations of the Motor Roots of the Brachial and Lumbo-Sacral Plexuses. . Philosophical Transactions,—Vol. CLXXI, Parts 2-3; Vol. CLXXII, Part 1. List of Members, —30th Nov. 1881. Royal Astronomical Society,—Monthly Notices, Vol. XLI, Nos. 7-8, May and June 1881. Royal Asiatic Society,—Journal, Vol XIII, Part 3. ——. Royal Geographical Society,—Proceedings, Vol. III, Nos. 7-8, July and August, 1881. Royal Microscopical Society,—Journal, Vol. I (New Series), Parts 3-4. Statistical Society,—Journal, Vol. XLIV, Part 2, June 1881. —. Society of Telegraph Engineers,—Journal, Vol. X, No. 37. ——. Zoological Society,—Transactions, Vol. XI, Part 5. : Proceedings,—Parts 1-2, 1881. Lyon. Société d’Agriculture,—Annales, Vol. IT, 1879. . Société de Géographie,—Bulletin, Vol. IV, No. 21, 1881. 162 Library. [Nov. Madras. Journal of Literature and Science for 1880. Moscow. Société Impériale des Naturalistes,—Bulletin, Nos. 3-4, 1880. Mozambique. Sociedade de Geographia,—Boletim, Nos. 1-4, June to September, 1881. Munich. Repertorium fiir Experimental-Physik,—Vol. XVII, Nos. 8-10. New Haven. American Oriental Society,—Journal, Vol. XII. Proceedings,—May 1881. Paris. Société Zoologique de France,—Bulletin, Parts 1-2, January to April, 1881. Société d’Anthropologie,—Bulletin, Vol. IV, Part 1, January to February, 1881. ‘ Prague. Astronomische magnetische und meteorologische Beobachtungen, 1880. Rome. Societa degli Spettroscopisti Italianii—Memorie, Vol. X, Nos. 5-8, May to August, 1881. Roorkee. Professional Papers on Indian Engineering,—Vol. X, Nos. 41 and 41a. San Francisco. California Academy of Sciences, 1881. Shanghai. North-China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society,—Journal, No. 15, 1880. Stockholm. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens,—Handlingar, Vol. XIV, Pt. 2, 1876; Vol. XV, 1877; Vol. XVI, 1878; Vol. XVII, 1879. — ; Meteorologiska Iakttagelser.—Vol. III, 1875; Vol. IV, 1876; Vol. V, 1877. Stuttgart. Verein fiir vaterlandische Naturkunde,—Jahreshefte, 1881. Turin. Reale Accademia delle Scienze,—Memorie, Vols. XXXII and XXXII. Proceedings for June, Atti,—Vol. XV, Nos. 1-8; Vol. XVI, No. 6. Osservatorio della Regia Universita,—Bollettino, 1879. __ Vienna. K.k. zoologisch-botanische Gesellschaft,—Verhandlungen, Vol. XXX, 1880. | Washington. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections,—Vols. XVIII- XXI. —. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge,—Vol. XXIII. Yokohama. Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Natur-und Vélkerkunde Ostasiens,— Mittheilungen, Heft XXIV, July 1881. Asiatic Society of Japan,—Transactions, Vol. IX, Part 2. Zagreb. Arkeologickoga Druztva,—Viestnik, Vol. III, No. 3, 1881. . 1881.] Lnbrary. 163 ‘Pooks AND PAMPHLETS, presented by the Authors. Gopwin-Avusten, Lr.-Cot. H. H. On the Land shells of the Island of Socotra collected by Professor Bayley Balfour. 8vo. London, 1881. Pam. Man, E. H., and Tempe, Lizur. R. C. Note on two Maps of the Anda- man Islands. S8vo. London, 1881. Pam. Mirra, Dr. RasENDRALALA. Indo-Aryans: Contributions towards the Elucidation of their Ancient and Medieval History. 2 Vols. 8vo. Cal- -cutta, 1881. THomas, Epwarp. Bilingual Coins of Bukhara. 8vo., London, 1881, Pam. MiscELLAN EOUS PRESENTATIONS, Report of the Rent Law Commission, Vols. I and II. Fep. Caleutta, 1881. Report on the Legal Affairs of the Bengal Government for the year 1880- 81. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Administration Report of the Meteorological Reporter to the Government _of Bengal for the year 1880-81. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Report on the Police of the Lower Provinces of the Bengal Presidency for the year 1880. Fcp. Calcutta, 1881. Report on the Law Revenue Administration of the Lower Provinces for the Official year 1880-81. Fecp. Calcutta, 1881. Report on Vaccination in the Province of Bengal for 1880-81. Fep. Cal- cutta, 1881. Report on the Administration of the Salt Department for the year 1880- ~ 81. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Report on the Administration of the Registration Department in Bengal for the year 1880-81. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Supplement to the Report on Charitable Dispensaries under the Govern- ment of Bengal for the year 1880. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Records of the Geological Survey of India,—Vol. XIV, No. 3, 1881. BENGAL GOVERNMENT. - Magnetical and Meteorological Observations made at the Government Ob- - servatory, Bombay, 1871-78, 4to, Bombay, 1881. | BoMBAY GOVERNMENT. Riev, CuHartes. Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum. Vols. I-II. 4to..London, 1879-81. CataloSue of Oriental Coins in the British Museum. Vol. VI. 8vo. London, 3881. 164 Library. [Nov. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Vol. V. 8vo. London, 1881. Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the col- lection of the British Museum. Part V. 4to. London, 1881. British MvusEevm. Annual Report of the Sanitary Commissioner of the Central Provinces for the year 1880. Fep. Nagpur, 1881. Report on the Vaccine Operations in the Central Provinces for 1880-81. Fep. Nagpur, 1881. Report on the Administration of the Central Provinces for the year 1880- 81. 8vo. Nagpur, 1881. CHIEF COMMISSIONER, CENTRAL PROVINCES. DaNIeLsseN, D. C., and Koren, Joway. The Norwegian North Atlan- tic Expedition, 1876-78, Zoology :—Gephyrea. 4to. Christiana, 1881. THE Epiting CoMMITTEE. Administration Report of the Government Central Museum for the year 1880-81. Fep. Madras, 1881. GOVERNMENT CENTRAL Musrtum, Manpras. Notes on the Economic Products of the North-Western Provinces. Part V. 4to. Allahabad, 1881. GovERNMENT, N. W. P. Popular Guide to the Geological collections in the Indian Museum, Cal« cutta. No. 1:—Tertiary Vertebrate Animals, by R. Lydekker. No. 2 :—Minerals, by F. R. Mallet. No. 4:—Palzontological Collections, by Dr. O. Feistmantel. 8vo. Calcutta, 1879-81. Pam. GroLoaicaL SurvEY oF INDIA. © Review of the Forest Administration in the several Provinces under the Government of India, for the year 1879-80. Fep. Simla, 1881. : Mveruwer, Max. Sacred Books of the East. Vols. X and XI. 8vo. Oxford, 1881. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol. X, Parts 122-124, August to October, 1881. Records of the Geological Survey of India,—Vol. XLV, Part 3, 1881. Home DEPARTMENT. Kuvuyn, Comes Gu’za. Codex Cumanicus Bibliothece ad Templum divi Marci Venetiarum. Roy. 8vo. Buda-Pestini, 1880. Bupenz, J., Szarvas, G., and Szirapy, A. Nyelvemléktar. Régi Mag- yar Codexek és Nyomtatvanyok. Vols. VII and VIII. 8vo. Buda Pest, 1881. HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. Indian Museum: Annual Report, List of Accessions, and selected Extracts of Minutes. April 1880 to March 1881, Vol. XII. Calcutta, 1881. Inp1an MUSEUM. | ee ail eee eee eee eee eee eee 1881. ] Library. 165 Rowranp, Henry A. On the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat, with sub- sidiary researches on the variation of the mercurial from the air thermo- meter and on the variation of the specific heat of water. 8vo. Cam- bridge, 1880. Jouns Hopkins UNIVERSITY. Dozy, R. The History of the Almohades by Abdo-’l- Wahid al-Marréko- shi, 2nd Edition. 8vo. Leyden, 1881. Mon. J. DE GorJE. Report on Public Instruction in the Madras Presidency for the year 1879- 80. 8vo. Madras, 1880. Mapras GOVERNMENT. Return of Wrecks and Casualties in Indian Waters for the year 1880. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Marine Survey DEparrMent. Report on the Meteorology of India in 1879, 5th year. 4to, Calcutta, 1881. Report on the Administration of the Meteorological Department of the government of India in 1880-81. 4to. Calcutta, 1881. Merrror. REPORTER TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA. _Guarur, Munammap Azspun. A complete Dictionary of the Terms used by Criminal Tribes in the Panjab, together with a short History of each Tribe, and the names and places of residences of individual members. 8vo. Lahore, 1879. Lertner, Dr. G. W. Appendix. A detailed Analysis of Abdul Ghafur’s — Dictionary of the terms used by Criminal Tribes in the Panjab. Fep. Lahore, 1880. A sketch of the Changars and of their Dialect. Fep. Lahore, 1880. PunsaB GOVERNMENT. Results of Observations, January-June 1881. St. XAVIER’s COLLEGE OBSERVATORY. De la Nomenclature des Etres Organisés. 8vo. Paris, 1881. SocirE’TrH’ ZOOLOGIQUE DE FRANCE. G. V. Juggarow’s Observatory, Daba Gardens, Vizagapatam. Results of Meteorological Observations, 1880. 8vo. Madras, 1881. THE OBSERVATORY. Jouis, AUGUSTE LE. Catalogue de la Bibliotheque de la Société Nationale des Sciences Naturelles et Mathématiques de Cherbourg. Pt. I. 8vo. Cherbourg, 1881. THE Socrery. Katalog der Bibliothek der deutschen morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, IT. Svo. Leipzig, 1881. THE SOCIETY. 166 Library. [ Nov. PERIODICALS PURCHASED, Benares. Fallon’s New English-Hindustani Dictionary,—Parts IV and WV: Bombay. The Indian Antiquary,—Vol. X, Part 125, November 1881. Boston. Society of Natural History,—Proceedings, Vols. X and XI. Calcutta. Calcutta Review,—Vol. LXXIII, No. 146, October 1881. Indian Medical Gazette,—Vol. XVI, Nos. 8-10, August to October, 1881. Edinburgh. Edinburgh Review,—No. 315, July 1881. . Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles,—Vol. VI, Nos. 7-9. Giessen. Jahresbericht iiber die Fortschritte der Chemie,—Part 1, 1880. Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—Nos. 29-40. Nachrichten,—Nos. 11-18. Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XIII, Nos. 8-4; Vol. XIV, No. 1. Beiblatter,—Vol. V, Nos. 6-9. ; Botanisches Centralblatt,—Vol. V, Nos. 1-18; Vol. VI, Nos. 1-13 ; Vol. VII, Nos. 1-7. . Literarisches Centralblatt,—Nos. 1-84, January to August, 1881. London. Nineteenth Century,—Nos, 53-54, July and August, 1881. . Messenger of Mathematics,—Vol. XI, Nos. 1-3. Journal of Botany,—Vol. X, Nos. 228-224, July and August, 1881. . Entomologist—Vol. XIV, Nos. 218-219, July and August, 1881. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,—Vol. XVIII, Nos. 206- 207, July and August, 1881. Annals and Magazine of Natural History,—Vol. VIII, Nos. 43-44, July and August, 1881. London, isabneea and Dublin Philosophical Magasin XII, Nos. 72-73, July and August, 1881. Journal of Science,—Vol. III, Nos. 91-92, July and August, 1881, Publishers’ Circular,—Vol. XLIV, Nos. 1052-1057. Chemical News,—Vol. XLIV, Nos. 1129-1142. Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol. XXIX, Nos. 1495-1508. The Ibis,—Vol. V, No. 19, July 1881. Journal of Conchology,—Vol. III, No. 6, April 1881. Mind,—No., 28, July 1881. Numismatic Chronicle,—Vol. I, Part 1, 1881. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science,—Vol. XXI, No, 88, J ay 1881. IT 1881.] Library. 3 167 London. Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics,—Vol. XVIII, No. 69, June 1881. Quarterly Review,—No, 303, July 1881. New Haven. American Journal of Science,—Vol. XXI, Nos. 125-126, May and June, 1881; Vol. XXII, Nos. 127-128, July and August, 1881. Paris. Annales de Chimie et de Physique,—Vol. XXIII, July and | August, 1881; Vol. XXIV, September and October, 1881. . Journal Asiatique,—Vol. XVII, No. 3, April to June 1881. Comptes Rendus,—Vol. XCIII, Nos. 1-14. Revue Scientifique,—Vol. XXVIII, Nos. 3-16. Revue Critique,—Vol. XI, No. 23, and Index; Vol. XII, Nos. é = Revue des deux Mondes,—Vol. XLVI, Nos. 2-4; Vol. XLVII, Nos. b 2. - Revue de Linguistique,—Vol. XIV, No. 3. Journal des Savants,—July to August, 1881. Philadelphia. Tryon’s Manual of Conchology,—Vol. III, Part 11. bo i ie Pooks PURCHASED, aN Dictionary of the Panjabi Language, prepared by a Committee of the Lodiana Mission. 4to. Lodiana, 1854. Batrour, Francis M. A Treatise on Comparative Embryology. Vol. II. 8vo. London, 1881. Epwarps, H. Mitne. Lecons sur la Physiologie et Anatomie Comparée de Homme et des Animaux. Vols. X-XIV. 8vo. Paris, 1874-81. Epatsi, Sudpursi. A Dictionary, Gujarati and English. 8vo. Bombay, 1868. Ferausson, JAMES. Tree and Serpent Worship, or Illustrations of My- thology and Art in India in the First and Fourth Centuries after Christ. From the Sculptures of the Buddhist Topes at Sanchi and Anuravati. Second Edition. 4to. London, 1873. Hovzerav, J. C., and Lancaster, A. Bibliographie Générale de l’Astro- nomie. Vol. IL, Fase. 3. 8vo. Bruxelles, 1881. Houxtry, Toomas H. A Manual of the Anatomy of Vertebrated ine mals. S8vo. London, 1871. A Manual of the Anatomy of Invertebrated Animals. 12mo. London, 1877. Jupp, Joun W. Volcanoes: what they are and what they teach. 12mo. London, 1881. _ Mout, Junes. Vingt-sept ansd’Histoire des E’tudes Orientaux. Rape ports faits a la Société Asiatique de Paris de 1840 4 1867. 2 Vols. 8vo. Paris, 1879-80. 168 Library. Senart, EH’. Les Inscriptions de Piyadasi. Vol. I. S8vo. Paris, 1881. SuerRine, Rey. M. A. Hindu Tribes and Castes, as represented in Be- nares. Vol. I. 4to. London, 1872. Suriy, James. Illusions: a Psychological Study. 12mo. London, 1881. THomson, Str C. Wyvitte. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voy- age of H. M.S. “ Challenger’ during the years 1873-76; under the Command of Captain George S. Nares, R. N., F. BR S., and Captain Frank Turle Thomson, R. N. Zoology: Vols. I-II. 4to. London, 1880- 81. Top, Lr.-Cot. James. Travels in Western India, embracing a visit to the Sacred Mounts of the Jains and the most Celebrated Shrines of Hin- du Faith between Rajputana and the Indus; with an Account of the Ancient City of Nehrwalla. 4to. London, 18389. Watts, Henry. A Dictionary of Chemistry. Third Supplement, Part II. 8vo. London, 1881. ZIMMER, Hertnricu. Altindisches Leben. Die Cultur der Vedischen Arier nach den Samhita dargestellt, S8vo. Berlin, 1879. PROCEEDINGS OF THE -ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. FOR PECEMBER, 1381, DS The Monthly General Meeting of the Asiatic Society of Bengal was held on the 7th of December at 9 P. &. The Hon’ste H. J. Reynoups, Vice-President, in the Chair. The minutes of the last Meeting were read and confirmed. The following presentations were announced :— 1. Fromthe Home Department,—Oldenberg’s Vinayapitakam, Vol. IIT. oe 2. From the Home Department, Forest Branch,—(1) Report of a _ visit to the Torrent Regions of the Hautes and Basses Alpes, and also to - Mount Faron, Toulon, by E. McA. Moir,—(2) Suggestions regarding the management of the leased Forests of Busahir in the Sutlej Valley of the Panjab, by Dr. D. Brandis. 3. From Raja Sourindro Mohun Tagore,—A set of his works in Eng- lish, Sanskrit, Bengali and Hindi. 4, From the Authors,—(L) The adoption of a Prime Meridian to be common to all nations. The establishment of Standard Meridians for the Regulation of Time, by Sandford Fleming,—(2) An Address to the Fifth International Oriental Congress, 1881, by Dr. Ram Das Sen,—(3) Versuch einer Erklirung der auf einer Gemme im Besitze des Grafen _ §. Stroganov befindlichen Pehlewi-Inschrift, by B.'Dorn,—(4) The _ Epoch of the Guptas, by Edward Thomas,—(5) On the Land-shells of the Island of Socotra collected by Prof. I. Bayley Balfour, Pt. II, by Lieut.-Col. H. H. Godwin-Austen,—(6) Readings from the Arian Pali, by Dr. A. F. BR. Hoernle. ‘ ) 5. From the Superintendent, Marine Survey Department,—Chart of Curves of Equal Magnetic Variation in the Indian Ocean for 1880, ¥ 6. From the Surveyor General of India,—(1) A copy of the 5th Edition of the Map of Turkestan, and the countries between the British _ and Russian Dominions in Asia,—(2) Synopsis of the Results of the Opera- 170 Election of Honorary Members. (Dec. tions of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India, Vols. X, XI, XII, and RAITT. 7. From the Government of Bengal,—Brief Summary of the Meteoro- logy of Bengal, 1880. The following Gentlemen, duly proposed by the Council at the last meeting, were ballotted for and elected Honorary Members of the Society : 1. Dr. William Wright. 2. Dr. Rudolph v. Roth. 3. Sir William Thomson. 4. Prof. Hermann L. F. Helmholtz. The following Gentlemen, duly proposed and seconded at the last meeting, were ballotted for and elected Ordinary Members of the Society : R. Logan, Esq. J. J. Monteath Esq., M. D. The following Gentleman is a candidate for ballot at the next meet- ing: Babu Girijabhushana Mukerji, M. A., proposed by Babu Protapa Chandra Ghosha, seconded by J. Wood-Mason, Esq. The Secretary reported that the following Gentlemen had intimated their desire to withdraw from the Society : Major M. Protheroe. Herr W. Joest. Munshi Ganga Pershad. The following papers were read— 1. A numerical Estimate of the Species of Animals, chiefly Land and Freshwater, hitherto recorded from British India and its Dependen- cves.— By Wititam T. Buanrorp, F. R. S. (Abstract.) This paper is an attempt to obtain a rough estimate of the number of species belonging to the animal kingdom hitherto recorded in British India and its Dependencies. ‘The marine fauna inhabiting the seas around India being very imperfectly known, Mr, Blanford has confined himself, in all the sub-kingdoms except the Vertebrata, to the land and freshwater fauna alone. Although the data obtained are very imperfect, Mr. Blanford pub- lishes them because they lead to some very curious results. The number of recorded species in each order of the various classes is given, together with the authorities from whom the data have been collected: and from this a final table giving the number of species in each class is compiled. 1881.] W. T. Blanford—Census of Indian Species. 171 On this Mr. Blanford remarks: ‘The figures given are, I believe, a fair approximation to the truth, and the result is one that I think should make Anglo-Indian naturalists endeavour to improve our knowledge of the fauna. It is scarcely creditable that, in a perfectly accessible country, with facilities for travelling and for living in different parts of the area unrivalled within the tropics, we should remain so ignorant of the zoology. It is ridiculous to suppose that the Indian Coleoptera are scarcely more - numerous than the Lepidoptera, that the Hymenoptera (which very proba- bly rival, and may excel, each of the other orders) are only between + and 2 as numerous, or that the Mewroptera, of which, Mr. McLachlan tells me, about 1000 are known from Hurope, are only represented by 850 species. As to the spiders, it is no exaggeration to say that in most parts of India 108 species (which is the total number hitherto described for the whole of India) might be collected in a few days’ search. It is to be hoped that the next 5 years will witness a very considerable increase in our knowledge _ of the fauna of India.” This paper will be printed in full in the Journal, Part II, No. Ay, for 1881. 2. Notes on an apparently undescribed Varanus from Tenasserim, and on other Reptilia and Amphibia.—By W. T. Buanrorp, F. R. S. (Abstract.) This paper gives a detailed description of a Varanus found in Tenasse- rim in the neighbourhood of Tavoy, which Mr. Blanford cannot identify with any known species. It may be immediately distinguished from all © other Indian forms by its peculiar nostril, situated in a single scale, by the larger scales on the upper part of the body, and especially by the scales of the nape being larger than those above the head, or those on the back. There is also a description of a cobra differing in colour and to some slight extent in structure from any Indian form known to Mr. Blanford, the colouration being remarkably similar to that in the Central Asiatic type described by Hichwald under the name of Zomyris oxiana. This snake was _ found in Gilgit where several birds and mammals belonging to Central Asiatic types occur. The paper also contains notes on specimens of Draco teniopterus found near Tavoy in Tenasserim, and on a species of Pseudophidian, Lcthyophis Glutinosus, found near Darjeeling, being the first Pseudophidian recorded from the Himalayas. This paper will be published in full in the Journal, Pt. II, No. 4, for 1881. . 172 Library. [Derc. 3. Description of a new Species of Rostellaria, from the Bay of Bengal.— By GrorFrrey Nevitt, C. M. Z. S. This paper contains a description of a highly interesting and very characteristic form, quite unlike any of the other seven known living species of the genus, which was dredged in deep water off Cheduba, Arrakan Coast, by Surgeon J. Armstrong, late Naturalist to the Indian Marine Survey. It will be published in full in the Journal, Pt. II, No. 4, for 1881. 4. Description of a new Species of the Lepidopterous genus Euripus Srom North Eastern India.—By J. Woopv-Mason, Deputy Superintendent, Indian Museum, Calcutta. This paper will be published in full in the Journal, Pt. II, No. 4. for 1881. PiBRARY. The following additions have been made to the ga since the Meet- ing held in November last. J RANSACTIONS, J ROCEEDINGS AND pOURNALS, presented by the respective Societies and Editors. Berlin. K. preuss. Akad der Wissenschaften, Monatsbericht, June 1881. Bombay. Royal Asiatic Society,—Journal, Vol. X, No. 28, 1871-72. Bordeaux. Société de Géographie Commerciale, Bulletin, No. 21, 7th November 1881. : Calcutta. Geological Survey of India,—Memoirs, Vol. XVIII, Part 2. Dresden. Kais. Leopoldinisch—Carolinische Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher,—Nova Acta, Vol. XLI, Parts 1-2. Leipzig. Deutsche morgenlindische Gesellschaft,—Zeitschrift, Vol. XXXV, Parts 2 and 38. Lisbon. Sociedade de Geographia,—Boletim, Second Series, No. 6. Colonias portuguezas em paiz Estrangeiro. VIII. Em Marrocos, pelo consul geral e encarregado de negocios José Daniel Colago. London. ‘The Academy,—Nos. 494-497. The Atheneum,—Nos. 2817-2820. Linnean Society,—Journal, Botany, Vol. XVIII, Nos. 108-113. No. 108. Murray, Geo.—On the application of the Results of Pringsheim’s recent Researches on Chlorophyll to the Life of the Lichen. No. 109. Brown, N. #—On some new droidee ; with Observations on other known forms :—Part I. No. 110. Bentham, Geo.—Notes on Orchidee. No. 111. Watt, Geo—Notes on the Vegetation, &c., of Chumba State and 1881. ] Library. 173 British Lahoul; with Descriptions of new species. Darwin, Francis.—The . Theory of the Growth of Cuttings ; illustrated by observations on the Bramble, Rubus fruticosus. No. 112. Darwin, Francis.—On the power possessed by Leaves of placing themselves at Right Angles to the direction of Incident Light. Bidie, Wiiliam.—-Remarks on the Indian Coffee-Leaf disease. Cooke, M. C.—The Coffee Disease in South America. Clarke, C. B.—On Right-hand and Left-hand Contortion. No. 1138. Masters, Maxwell T.—On the Conifers of Japan. Clarke, C. B. —On Arnedia and Macrotomia. London. Linnean Society.—Journal, Zoology, Vol. XV, Nos. 84-85. No. 84. Carpenter, P. Herbert.—On the Genus Solanocrinus, Goldfuss, and its Relations to recent Comatule. Watson, Rev. Robert Boog.—Mollusca of H. M. 8. ‘Challenger’ Expedition.—Part VI. Turritellide. No. 85. Macdonald, John Denis.—On the Classification of Gasteropoda. Part II. Watson, Rev. Robert Boog.—Mollusca of H. M. 8. ‘ Challenger’ Ex- pedition.—Part VII. a, . Transactions,—Zoology, Vol. II, Part 2. Collingwood, Cuthbert.—On some new species of Nudibranchiate Mollusca from the Eastern Seas. Lubbock, Sir John.—On the Anatomy of Ants. Haddon, Alfred C.—On the Extinct Land Tortoises of Mauritius and Ro- driguez. —.. ——._ List of the Linnean Society, January, 1881. . Nature,—Vol. XXIV, Nos. 625-626; Vol. XXV, Nos. 627-628. Royal Geographical Society,—Proceedings,—Vol. III, No. 9, September, 1881. Stewart, Lt.-Col. C. H.—The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers. Mozambique. Sociedade de Geographia,—Boletim, No. 5, October, 1881. Munich. Repertorium fiir Experimental-Physik, Vol. XVII, Nos. 11 and 12. Weber, W. and Zoliner, F.—Elektrodynamische Widerstandsmessungen nach absolutem Maasse. Puluwj, Dr. J.—Strahlende Elektrodenmaterie.—Neue Methode zur Bestimmung der magnetischen Declination auf Reisen nach Dom. Ragona. Roma. Societa degli Spettroscopisti Italiani,—Memorie, Vol. X, No. 9, September 1881. Fievez, Ch.—Recherches sur l’élargissement des raies spectrales de l’hydro- gene. Fievez, Ch.—Note sur l’analyse de la lumiére de la cométe de (4) 1881. Groneman, H. I. H.—Recherches sur la nature de la lumiére zodia- cale. Schaffhausen. La Société Entomologique Suisse,—Bulletin, Vol. VI, No. 4. Simla. United Service Institution of India,—Journal, Vol. X, No. 48. Stockholm. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Frhandlingar,— Ofversigt, Vols. XXXIV-XXXVII, 1877-80, 174 Library. [ Dec. Stockholm. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens,—Bihang, Vol. IV, Pts, 1 and 2; Vol. V, Parts 1 and 2. Beskyddare Hans Maj. T. Konungen, May 1878 to May 1881. , Lefnadsteckningar, Vol. II, Part 1. Zagreb. Arkeologickoga Druztva,—Viestnik, Vol. III, No. 4. Pooks AND PAMPHLETS, presented by the Authors. Dory, B. Versuch einer Erklarung der auf einer Gemme im Besitze des Grafen S. Stroganov befindlichen Pehlewi-Inschrift. 4:to. St. Peters- burgh, 1881. Fiemine, SanpFrorp. The adoption of a Prime Meridian to be common to all nations, The establishment of Standard Meridians for the regu- lation of time. Read before the International Geographical Congress at Venice, September 1881. 8vo. London, 1881. Pam. Gopwin-Austen, Lr.-Con. H. H. On the Land-shells of the Island of Socotra collected by Prof. I. Bayley Balfour. Part II. 8vo. London, 1881. Pam. HoernzeE, Dr. A. F. R. Readings from the Arian Péli. 16mo. Bom- bay, 1881. Pam. Sen, Dr. Ram Das. An Address to the Fifth International Oriental Congress, 1881. 8vo. Calcutta, 1881. Pam.. : Tagore, Sovrtnpro Monun. A Brief Account of the Tagore Family. 8vo. Calcutta, 1868. —-—. Short Notices of Hindu Musical Instruments. 82mo. Calcutta, 1877. } A few Lyrics of Owen Meredith set to Hindu Music. 8yo, Cal- cutta, 1877. Six Principal Ragas, with a Brief View of Hindu Music. 4to. Calcutta, 1877. — Fifty Tunes composed and set to music. 8vo. Calcutta, 1878, . A Vedic Hymn. Fep. Calcutta, 1878. — A few specimens of Indian Songs. 8vo. Calcutta, 1879. Mani-Mala, or a Treatise on Gems, Parts I and II. 8vo. Cal- cutta, 1879-81. Veni-Sanhara Nataka, or the Binding of the Braid, a Sanskrit Drama by Bhatta-Narayana, done into English. 8vo. Calcutta, 1880. Roma-Kavya, or a short sketch of Roman History, from the Earliest Days of Antiquity to the present time, in Sanskrit verse. 8vo. Calcutta, 1880. Eight Tunes, composed by. 8vo. Calcutta, 1880. 1881.] LInbrary. 175 Tacore, Sourtnpro Mouun. The Hight Principal Rasas of the Hindus, with Murtti and Vrindaka, or Tableaux and Dramatic Pieces ‘Taniesileivic their character. 4to. Calcutta, 1880. The Ten Principal Avatars of the Hindus, with a short history of each incarnation and directions for the representation of the Murttis as Tableaux Vivants. 4to. Calcutta, 1880. The Dramatic Sentiments of the Aryas. 8vo. Calcutta, 1881. The Five Principal Musicians of the Hindus, or a brief exposi- tion of the Essential Elements of Hindu Music, as set forth by the five Celestial Musicians of India, an offering to the Fifth International Con- gress of Orientalists, to be held at Berlin in September 1881. 4to, Cal- cutta, 1881. THomas, Epw. ‘The Epoch of the Guptas, Pamphlet, 8vo. London, 1881. MiscELLaANn EOUS PRESENTATIONS, The Indian Forester, Vol. VII, No. 2, October 1881. S8vo. Calcutta, 1881. Report on the External Trade of Bengal with Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan, for the year 1880-81. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Report on the Administration of the Customs Department in the Bengal Presidency for the official year 1880-81. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Annual Report on Emigration from the Port of Calcutta to British and Foreign Colonies for 1880-81. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. Brief Summary of the Meteorology of Bengal, 1880. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. BENGAL GOVERNMENT. The Indian Antiquary, Vol. X, Part 125, November 1881. 4to. Bombay, 1881. Fallon’s New English-Hindustani Dictionary, Part V, September 1881. 8vo. Benares, 1881. Morr, HE. McA. Report of a visit to the Torrent Regions of the Hautes and Basses Alpes, and also to Mount Faron, Toulon. Fep. Calcutta, 1881. OxpENBERG, Dr. H. The Vinayapitakam, Vol. III. 8vo. London, 1881. Branvis, Dr. D. Suggestions regarding the management of the leased Forests of Busahir in the Sutlej valley of the Pusjab. Fep. Simla, 1881. ’ Home DEPARTMENT. Annual Report on the Civil Hospitals and Dispensaries in the Madr as Presi- dency for the year 1880. Fcp. Madras, 1881. Annual Medical Report of the Madras Government Lying-in Hospital for the year 1880. Fcp. Madras, 1881. Mapras GOVERNMENT. 176 Library. [Dec. Synopsis of the Results of the Operations of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India, Vols. X, XI, XII and XIII. 4to. Dehra Dun, 1880. SURVEY oF InpIA. J ERIODICALS Pu RCHASED, Calcutta. Indian Medical Gazette,—Vol. XVI, No. 11, November 1881. Stray Feathers,—Vol. IX, Nos. 5 and 6, 1880. Geneva. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles,—Vol. VI, No. 10. Pringsheim.—Recherches sur le réle de la chlorophylle dans les végétaux. Gottingen. Gelehrte Anzeigen,—Nos. 41-44, Leipzig. Annalen der Physik und Chemie,—Vol. XIV, No. 10. : ——. Beiblatter,—Vol. V, No. 10. . Botanisches Centralblatt,—Vol. VII, Nos. 8-10. Literarisches Centralblatt,—Nos. 35-38. London. Annals and Magazine of Natural History,—Vol. VIII, No. 45, September 1881. Bate, C. Spence.—On the Peneidea. Miers, Edward J.—On a collection of Crustacea made by Baron Hermann-Maltzam at Goree Island, Senegambia. Smith, Edgar A.—Remarks upon Mr. Wood-Mason’s Paper “On the Dis- crimination of the Sexes in the Genus Paludina.”” Carter, H. J—On Spon- giophaga in Spongilla. Scully, J,—On some Mammals from Kandahar. Chemical News,—Vol. XLIV, Nos. 1143-1146. No. 1144. Braham, Philip.—On Crystals produced by the Action of Metals sealed up in Carbon Disulphide. ——-. Entomologist,—Vol. XIV, No, 220, September 1881. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,—Vol. XVIII, No. 208, Sep- tember 1881. Hellins, Rev. J—On the variable number of moults in larve from the same batch of eggs. Journal of Botany,—Vol. X, No. 225, September 1881. Journal of Science,—Vol. III, No. 98, September 1881. Slater, J. W.—On Diptera as Spreaders of Disease. London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine,—Vol. XII, No. 74, September 1881. Gray, Thomas.—On Instruments for measuring and Recording Harthquake- Motions. Messenger of Mathematics,—Vol. XI, No. 4, August 1881. Cox, H.—On the distance of rainbows. Nineteenth Century,—No. 55, September 1881. Bevington, Louisa S.—How to eat bread. Laveleye, E’mile de.—The future of gold. Publishers’ Circular,—Vol. XLIV, Nos, 1058-1059. ae a 1881. ] Library. 177 London. Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics,—Vol. XVII, No. 68. Society of Arts,—Journal, Vol. XXIX, Nos. 1509-1512. No. 1509. Carter, R. Brudenell.—Cantor Lectures :—Colour Blindness. Paris. Comptes Rendus,—Vol. XCIII, Nos. 15-18. No. 15. -Avignon.—Sur Vemploi du goudron, comme préservatif contre le Phylloxera. Note concernant l'utilisation des eaux méres des marais salants pour les bains destinés 4 la liquation du soufre, dans leur procédé d’ extraction industrielle dece corps. Coggia.—Cométe découverte par M. Denning, le 4 Oc- tobre 1881 ; observation faite a l’Observatoire de Marseille. Lalagade, G. de.— Sur les bruits qui se produisent dans un circuit téléphonique, par les temps @orage. Yung, #H.—De Vinnervation du coeur et de l’action des poisons chez les Mollusques lamellibranches. Sudour, E. and Caraven-Cachin, A.— Empoisonnement par les graines de 1) Euphorbia lathyris (L.), et nouvelles expériences sur leur usage thérapeutique. No. 17. Bell, Al. Graham.—Sur un appareil permettant de déterminer, sans douleur pour le patient, la position d’un projectile de plomb ou d’autre métal dans le corps humain. JLaveran, A.—De la nature parasitaire des acci- dents de ’impaludisme. Letellier, A.—Note sur les précautions 4 prendre pour éviter les falsifications du lait. Duponchel.Note concernant l’influence du mouvement des grosses planétes dans la périodicité des taches Solaires, Journal des Savants,—October 1881. ——. Revue Critique,—Vol. XII, Nos. 42-45. Revue des deux Mondes,—Vol. XLVII, No. 4; and Vol. XLVIII, No. 1. No. 4. Janet, Paul.—La Philosophie de la Croyance, 4 Voccasion d’un livre -récent. Laségue, Ch.—Le Braidisme. Brunetiére, F.—La Déformation de la Langue par l’Argot, apropos de livres récens. . Revue.de Linguistique,—Vol. XIV, 15th October 1881. . Revue Scientifique,—Vol. XXVIII, Nos. 17-20. Pooks PURCHASED, _ Beyrey, TH. Vedica und Linguistica. 12mo. Strassburg, 1880. Cusuine, J. N. A Shan and English Dictionary. 8vo. Rangoon, 1881. GusENIus, Guin. Scripture Lingueque Phenice monumenta quot quot supersunt. 4ito. Lipsie, 1837. Gotpsmip, Mas.-Gry. Str F. J. James Outram: a Biography, 2 Vols. 8vo. London, 1881. Low, Cuartes Ratuzone. The Afghan War, 1838-42, from the Journal and Correspondence of the late Major-General Augustus Abbott. 8vo. London, 1879. OLpFietD, Henry A. Sketches from Nipal, Historical and Descriptive, with Anecdotes of the Court Life and Wild Sports of the Country in the 178 Library. time of Maharaja Jung Bahadur, G. C. B., to which is added an Essay on Nepalese Buddhism, and illustrations of Religious Monuments, Archi- tecture, and Scenery from the Author’s own Drawings. 2 Vols. 8vo. London, 1880. Patmer, E. H. The Arabic Manual, comprising a condensed Grammar of both the Classical and Modern Arabic ; reading lessons and exercises, with analyses ; and a vocabulary of useful words. 12mo. London, 1881. — SHapwett, Lirvut.-Genu. Lawrence. The Life of Colin Campbell, Lord Clyde. Illustrated by extracts from his Diary and Correspondence. 2 Vols. S8vo. London, 1881. Top, Lizur-Cou. James. Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, or the Central and Western Rajpoot States of India. 2 Vols. Second Edition, (Reprint.) 4to. Caleutta, 1877-79. TynpatL, JoHN. Essays on the Floating Matter of the Air in relation to Putrefaction and Infection. 8vo. London, 1881. . Wueewer, J. Tatzors. The History of India from the Earliest Ages. Vol. IV, Pt. 2. 8vo. London, 1881. 5B ea aa TO PROCEEDINGS, ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL, For 1881. Page *Abd-ul-Kadir’s Muntakhab-ul-Tawarikh, second volume of vo 152 _ ?Abd-ur Rashid, coin of oe ae ct Vides 4, _. Afghanistan, the Voles of ... va 104 Ahmad (Kabiruddin), member of the Eigelagwal Rossaltiba #3 87 *Alam Shah, coins of . ous ca wel 40 *Ala-ud-din Mas’aud Shéh, coin of oe eee a Fe 52 Alekh, religion of tes We Lot ata aes 155 Amblypodia arsenius redis ise us Se 143 . Sulla Ean 3 dey Be ab. Andamans, Rhopalocerous las utara from ae ses 142 Annual Meeting a ce ‘us PEL 21 Annual Report for 1880 was ue che Rem gs Apastamba Srauta Siitra 4a et Ree 8 29 Apear (J. G.), withdrawal of... aus ae ae 2 Arnold (H. K. W.), withdrawal of... sk ak ota 151 Arrhopala amantes rf! ace iF oe 143 Arvicola... ete 104 Assam during the year 1880, a list of Baveiy deka ieitiden: i, 51 _ Assiminea i coil As rep a 124 _ Awans of the Salt Range eit me: res Grrr ee ee. Azilises, coin of . ue qe ahh ott Re 39 Bactrian Besiisichmias dig aie yh ae ab. Ball (V.), appointed member of DOO ie ee ve 50 » » appointed Natural History Si caigewy a eis hagas ab. » » appointed Treasurer ae 61 » » exhibition of stone implement of aanohis iron ore by... 120 180 Index. Ball (V.), officiates as Natural History Secretary ve » 9», On identification of Diamond Mines visited by Taveeie »» yon the nature and use of Fire Sticks »» 9, on the occurrence of the Lion in Palamow »» 9, on the paper on Shrines of Sitaékund » yon the so-called Kharakpur Meteorite »> 9) presentation of Society’s publications to »» 9 Yemarks on papers on inhabitants of the Nicobars » 9, remarks on relies from Buddha-Gaya x resignation of Natural History Secretaryship and Trea- surership by a Bandow (Chr. J.), elected an Dalaty Mansuer? Banerjea (K. M.), member of Philological Committee Basti, coins from Beames (J.), member of Phiblagical Gommukes Beglar, relics found by Mr. Beiragurh .. ‘a Benett (W. C. 9, slatted s an Demaieey Member Bengal, early Muhammadan coins of » in 1769, map of Beverley (H.), member of Finance and Tecaty Comiifittess x », re-elected member of Council ... ‘ »» Yemarks on old maps of Calcutta and Bengal Bhamati, completion of vat Bhatti Kavya, manuscript of the Bibliotheca Indica Series, report on ees eee eee eee eee 9 » | works sanctioned for sabligahibas in the.. Blanford (H. F.), member of Library and Physical Scio Committees a , 5 on a raingauge with a ranelne Bi rs on the relation of cloud and rainfall pe temperature + on the Van Rysselberghe acabcaeet Blunford (W. T.), a numerical estimate of the species of animals recorded from British India and its dependencies . ‘ on an apparently undescribed Varanus from Tenasserim, and on other Reptilia and Amphibia a a on Myospalax fuscicapillus A a on the Voles of the Himalayas, Tibet and Afghanistan ... see eos Blochmann (Henry), bust of the late Page 86 2, 125 72 152 151 87 50 87 88 ————— ee Index. 181 Page Bombax one oe 72 Bomford (Dr. G. ), elected an F Order Aoebes He a 38 Brandis (Dr. G.), member of Natural History Committee ne 87 Brihaddevata G Meese 29 British India, Behe aah astitiats of quads reegedea fic ae 170 Buckland (C. E.), withdrawal of We ie id 103 Buddha Gaya, relics from ae DAS ASS Be 88 Buddhist sculpture ae 112 Building, report on - Pe UL aida 26 Bulandshahr, Buddhist sculpture coin at on 112 2 curiosities found at ... oe 113, "120, 139 Calcutta in 1756 and 1757, sketch and plan of Pe bs 90 Cappel (A. J. L.), member of Physical Science Committee ey oa Carter (P. J.), elected an Ordinary Member me ae 38 Cerberus, origin of myth about... tet SPE, 91 Cerithide ah HS a: 124 Channing (F. C.), haiveted an vera Mointior! a a, 50 Charaka : “A wes bad af, 29 Charibael, coins * ae Spat. Sait 51 Chatterji (Bhyrub Chunder), steokedl an Ordnaty Member i 50 Cheduba, rostellaria from off : coe : 171 Chittagong, shrines of Sitékund in Hoe . 51 Chunder (Sreenath), elected an Ordinary Member ocho m Shh 50 Cockburn (John), elected an Ordinary Member Yes a 86 Cockerell (H. A.), withdrawal of ... toe dete AS iss 2 Coin Cabinet, report on ete : ie 26 Coins 4, 6, 26, 39, 40, 4:1, 49, 50, 51, 52, 64, 69, 103, 104, 119, 134,189 157, 158 » Committee es ve 4c 88 Colvin (B. W.), withdrawal of By Hs irae i ited 4 Fedden (F.), member of Pasties Science Usramaaition ee 88 - » remarks on Indo-Malayan mollusca aes 124 Feistmantel (Dr. O.), member of Library and Natural Histor Committees yy; i) Index. 183 Page Feistmantel (Dr. 0.), sketch of the history of the fossils of the “ Indian Gondwana System by ay 123 Finance Committee... a vik wel sultan 86 » report on ity be Et re 23 Fire-sticks as 72 Firukh Shah (Prince Mahomed), planned an Gtdinney Mearabee Et 120 Fossils of the Indian Gondwana System, history of the wo oO Bee Gani-coulour eee Ee vad Fey Sean Gazni Sultans, coins of de “ui wee Wa es 4 Gennoe (T. A. M.), memorandum on coins by .. Saal Meee 157 Ghiyaz-ud-din ’Iwaz, coin of 52 Ghosha (P. C ), member of Library and Philokopical Cannuaeene 87 » re-elected member of Council . Peg Me faa 61 Gibbs (Hon’ble J.), member of Coins Chanaaihige aa ae 88 ss B remarks on Pathan and Moghul coins . ae: 52 Glaucomya ved ans A 124 Gobhiliya Bain. Sutra, elie of At Wea e Eee Gobind Shahi rupees idl 6 Gondwana System, history ah the fossils a the Basle rms fos 123 Gossain (Hem Chunder), elected an Ordinary Member +», 50 Grierson (G. A.), member of Philological Committee bh Ab ae a ee on conjugation of verbs substantive in Eastern Hindi say ah di 52 Growse (F.S.), member of Elsiclgpical Comikhibtes ee tt aes 87 - » ona photograph of a Buddhist ee found at Bulandshahr Yas ‘fe vik 112 a » onaseal of baked clay 5 ae 3010) ele 120 » _0n curiosities found at Bulandshahr .. ...118, 120 Guha (Peary Mohun), elected an ees Member wea” 4) 04 50 .: ay election cancelled . tae Ge 151 - Gupta coins sii a: re eae A 39 Helicide 2G one cee 124 Helmholtz (Prof. H. L. F.), sectioned as Honorary Member .. 151 elected an Honorar y Member fa 170 Diicicistry (J. B. N. ), on an outburst of sun-spots Ac Oi aes 153 Hesperia divodasa eve wd ee ahs 143 » praba Fal vig’ vat Ae ae bs 2b. ae 60/0... ¢a3 AE sée : 5% 1b. Himalayas, voles of the A, set HEE © 104 Himyaritic coins 51 Hindi, comparative table of the Sorsiiitateiie of the sarka pa a tive in Kastern ... ane sec sab pita 52 184 Index. Page Hindu Coins 41 Hoernle (Dr. A. F. R.), enititinn of coins pisaat by Mr. tc Rivets Carnage. <. sue 39 _ A exhibition of Hindu coins eas at Sérnéth — AL * ‘i exhibition of inscriptions from Chewora ... 42, ss exhibition of relics found by Mr. Beglar at Buddha Gaya . 88 ss 54 exhibition of 12 coins of the later Delhi Emperors .. owe 40 F “ on a new find of early lsshstatiiddls coins of Bengal 52 , on copper coins and antiaaieees from Khe khrakote ... 69 e a on the Sue Vihara cbppataiiake 139 re-elected Philological Secretary 61 olmette (Mr. ), coins presented by _... oon 41, 49 Honorary Members, election of _... . L561 190 Hume (A. O.), member of Natural History Gapunities a 87 Husain Shah we 3 x: 41 Ibrahim, coin of ta aE sR 4 Ichthyophis glutinosus sei sw ove Nala 171 Tmadpur, excavation of mound near Hie 98 Indian Museum, presentations made to the ove whee 22 - trustees of the one ab. leda: Scythic coins ue ae. 71 Inscriptions ae nee 42, 184, 1389 Tolite or Dichroite soe one 89 Isibah, progress of ... 27 Ismene badra 143 » exclamations ... be 1b. Ch GPERO shoe ab. » malayana ab. Jaldlat-ud-din, coins of oie oe 52 Janjias ves eal 50 Jarrett (Major H. S.), member of Biiglases. emana “és 87 Jenkins (Capt. T. M.), elected an Ordinary Member 38 Jods of Baber, identity of Awans of Salt Range with the .., 50 Joest (A.), withdrawal of 170 Johnstone (Lieut.-Col. J. W. H.), on bbe hee of the Salt Rane 50 Jowhri Dih, excavation of mound called oe was 93° —i— ~~ Index. Kaimurs, coin of Shams-ud-din ae oe van Kariba-el Wattar Yehan’am Katha Sarit Sagara Keene (H. G.), on the revenues of the Mughul Biipis Kerberos, origin of the myth about ne Mie caw Kharakpur meteorite : Khokhrakote, coins, &c., from ia oes King (Dr. G.), member ‘a Natural History Casubitiise King (L.), elected an Ordinary Member ~ Kumara Gupta, coins of sie wae Kumbhupatias, tenets, habits, customs and alin of residence of. Lahore, coins struck by Gazni Sultans in a ale Lalita Vistara ... ra “Bs see Lambe (W.), withdrawal of Lamiyyet-el-Arab ats sas : Lampides malaya sad oe Latif (Nawab Abdul), member of ee Phitofogicnl @ointinittcs ves Laughlin (R. C.), elected an Ordinary Member : Lee (J. B.), elected an Ordinary Member Lees (R. O.), election cancelled Lepidoptera ie Lewis (Dr. T. R.), peak os of N tera) History Gareney 151 57 87 Library, additions to the ... 15, 44, 58, 77, 99, 114, 125, 144, 160, 172 » Committee ui aa sap wee % report onthe ... tee Lincke (J. E.), on the excavation of a Patotd bathed J dite Di tae Lion in Palamow, occurrence of the ac be oom Logan (R.), elected an Ordinary Member London Agency, report on the Lyall (C. J.), member of Philological Goaaat ite eee Md Lydekker (R.), member of Natural History Committee as M’Cann (Dr. H: W.), appointed ages Secretary and member of Council 9 remarks on paper on gatbiret ‘of sun- dad Mie Gsecor (W.), receipt of paper entitled ‘‘ The Electric Telegraph and Natural History,’ by ... eee dee ies Maghazi el Waqidi a Magnetic iron ore, stone implement of Mahmud Shah .. Maitrayani Samhita “i Marshall (Capt. G. F. L.), sletibes es N aduial nee Comilittes 86 25 86 154 125 29 120 41 92 87 186 Index. Page Martin (Mr.), inscriptions sent by A 20 ene Masa’ud I, coins of _... sas a eyes 4 Maudud, coin of ae Be av ab. Medlicott (H. B.), elected member of igen Sale beds 61 +. member of Finance, ie ary and Physical Science Committees nn 1. 86, 87 4 vote of thanks to a be 62 Aten monthly general .1, 37, AD, 61, 85, 103, 119, 133, 149, 169 Melampus ore ¢ pas és 124 Mimansa Dargana, progress ae a ie 28 Mitra (Dr. R. L.), member of the Finance, Teipace. Philclowaal . -and Coins Committees ale 86, 87,88 be 7 on a manuscript of the Bhatti Kavya... ... 184 é - on coins sent by Raja Udayapratdpa Sifha ..,, 41 is . on inscriptions from Chewora ... aly 42 z - on the origin of the myth about Kerberos ..,. 91 . k on the temples of Deoghar ... Te 139 re-elected Vice-President be oes 61 Mitra fivnlloranatl, elected an Ordinary Member... at 50 ‘3 election cancelled a nie fame 151 Molloy (Major E.), elected an Ordinary Member... ae 86 Mollusca of the Indo-Malayan fauna... yy A: 123 Monteath (J. J.), elected an Ordinary Member ony; 1 eee 170 Mora Shahi rupees ce ss is 7 Mughal Empire, revenues of the an ‘xa Wee Mughigs-ud-din Yuzbak, coins of eee see - 52 Muhammadan coins of Bengal, early aah vas ilatt 1b. Muhammad Farrukh Sir, coin of tis ais wid 40 Muhammad Shah, coin of oes seh ab. Mukhopadhyaya (Babu Mohendra (Wendsn) , appointed temporarily as copyist oes eos ii 86 Muntakhab-ul-Tawarikh, second voluie & adi ose) cd Myospalax fuscicapillus ws. eee sh ose 104 Nanak Shahirupees ... og cig ony Sen 6 Waqaid of el Ferazdaq and Jerir eve ae ae 65 Nasir-ud-din Mahmud Shah, coins of ‘i oe) a 52 Natural History Committee... ve oe cas oo.) La Neptis jumba i ase ado 1 tee 142 Nevill G.), member of Natural Histor y Committee ... ‘ae 87 on a new species of Rostellaria ... ons) 171 on mollusca belonging to the Indo-Malayan fauna ... 128 Index. 187 Page Nicéville (LL. de), and Wood-Mason (J.), list of diurnal lepidop’ tera inhabiting the Nicobars.. 57 ‘. and Wood-Mason (J.), on siispalacators lepideape tera from the Andamans ere | 142 a elected an Ordinary Member iy hi 151 2. on butterflies taken in Sikkim tle) "7 on new species of genus Dodona ,,, Sa 121 Rsahars, on the inhabitants of the aie eee Pasaia, deuce Nirukta Ne se Has ite ive 29 Nya Doomka, coins found e sey ase voy coves «= 40, 50 Palamow, occurrence of the lion in Was 3 Pandit (Babu Prannath), member of Library ahd: Bhildloavend Committees... od ‘ts -» 86, 87 Papilio lestrigonum Ve it ‘ee ap ab. mee eeirewaspes ves vee bert Dive ab. is rhodifer ibe one ae ote 143 Parasara Madhava Smriti Pe eos v8 Will ave 64 Patanjali, Yoga Sutra of ... ets is “n 29 ~ Peal (S. E.), member of Natural History iouliinithde: aah Ess 87 Pedler (A.), re-elected Honorary Secretary os ses 61 - resignation of Honorary Secretaryship by =... vas 86 , resignation of Trusteeship of Indian Museum by .,, 0b, Penthema es see ee Gee 77 Percival (H. M.), elected an Palinery Member.. wal as 151 Pershad (Durga), on discovery of coins at Eiobdinaleots lie 69 Pershad (Ganga), withdrawal of .., tds sh. tilout 170 Persia, relics from ancient ... Ye Fy ae} 158 Philological Committee +8 ii he St) WIRE 87 - Physical Science Committee = up 533 0b. Pirenella ... oy ie ett bale 11) deg 124 Plesioneura alysos 143 en dan es ab. e leucocera did ave wD, a paralysos sre see tee ite 1b. Prakrita Lakshana a ... 27, 28 Presentations ... vein ils: OF 49, 63, 85, 103, 119, 188, 149, 169 Prideaux (Major W. F.), elected an Ordinary Member iu 38 member of Coins Committee Hi. 88 on the coins of Charibael Ae TCR 51 Prithi Réja Rasau, progress of ve aie 28 Protheroe (Major M.), withdrawal of rE aso Kitty: 170 188 Index. Pseudophidian Publications, report on... ob Ramulkota rae ar: one ” Raolconda... oon Raingauge. with Ee aparelee:: Rangoon (Bishop of), eritbtederdl of Reynolds (Hon. H. J.), elected an Ordinary Aeeabers a aR elected Vice-President.. + Rhopalocerous lepidoptera from the Ai Aseeten™ see Rissoid shell.. — Rivett-Carnac (H. ‘i member of Ph siologiadl a Deies Comrnsiene Riziah, coins of . Rodgers (C. J. wv on a find ey coins fieank by Gait Sultana in Lahore see on coins of the Sikhs sa Rospatorit (F. A. de), on the inhabitants of the Niedwass Rostellaria, new. species of Roth (Dr. R. v.), recommended as Bicutivce Mertbar > . elected an Honorary Member Schwendler he ) , member of Natural History and Physical Scone Committees ma iy re-elected member of Caan sent ~oBe Sconce (Col. J.), appointed auditor Secretary’s Office, report on bat Sen (Adharlal), on the shrines of Sitakund in fhaptasole re Shams-ud-din Altamsh, coins of pars Shams-ud-din Kaimurs, coin of Sharqi, coin of Sultan Ibrahim Shah _ Shombengs ; Shopland (E. B.), elected an OPlinaty Mcmnter Sikhs, coins of the ay eve Sikkim, on butterflies taken in Sircar (Dr. Mohendralala), member of teary y and Philolopieal Committees ... “ts an Sitakund, shrines of Smilax és Smith (Dr. D. B.), ithaca owe f ie Societies, &c., with which rabiaea one have been cian Sophytes, coin of Soumelpore be * Spindle-whorls .., te Saf Index. 189 | Page Stenothyra... lu Oe 124 Stokes (Hon. Whitley), iaaenlics of Piitolopicodk Comentties oes 87 Sue Vihara copper-plate “al eee ees ee 139 Sunderbuns in 1724, map of aa Be ecole ae 89 Sun, predictions for eclipse of ae de tf 88 Sun-spots, outburst of see Ate Wai Ve 153 Susruta vis ies ais eee 65 Tabaqat- ENAsirl,. accnaas of eee mae Hes aes 27 Tagiades bhagava tae a dov ae 143 Tarikh-ul-Khulfa Me: Ws fer MLL ZS Tavernier, diamond mines visited thy hie oe 2 i Tawney (C. H.), exhibition of a rare coin of Suisbea ti 104 . member of Library, Philological and Goins Committees ... oe rep 86, 87, 88 re-elected Vice-President Ee 61 remarks on fire-sticks exhibited by Mr. Bath oe 74: aloe (Com. A. D.), member of Physical Science Committee... 88 Telegonus acroleucus. ... oes ves ese. eee 143 Seer thTad ... ose ea eee oe 2b. Se thyrsis de ie ie are ab. Temperature, the relation of cloud and rainfall to... ees 74 Tenasserim, an apparently undescribed Varanus from.. ore ee BER Tennant (Col. J. F.), member of Library and Physical pose Com- mittee. ... dt. Wi eSGe es ws on eclipse of the sun, May 1882 ne 88 a photographs of Tierra-del-Fuego savages for- warded. by of Eee 152 Thakur lena member of Thioheics Canmntice eee 87 » Withdrawal of,. a sec Sit <5.)7) eae 134 Theora ose ve see 124 Thibaut (Dr. G. ), hen of Philelosical Committee 87 pomae (Edward), on the revenues of the Mughal Haniier: in India .... More 121 Thomson (Sir Wm.), recommended as Mencraty. Member wa 151 i. elected an Honorary Member Sela a 170 Tibet, voles of ... as ge 104 Tierra-del-Fuego savages, ne eahe ae a aan Cue 152 ' Tin, the cry of ... eee ee ae ie 42 Tomyris oxtana ve ee eee 171 Treasure Trove Act, coins geared mee the . eas 50, 64, 134 Tympanotomus fluviatilis... ue te aa 124 190 Index. Van Rysselberghe Meteorograph ... step Apel Varanus from Tenasserim, an apparently waldeaiitied Vayu Purana, progress of Vishnu Smriti Voles (Arvicola)... Waldie (Dr.), re-elected ee of tines ‘ Walker (Major. Gen. J. T.), member of Physical Science Comptes tee eee vee oes Webb (W. T.), cancels resignation... ass ati 3 Stat Westland (J.), appointed auditor aes eee ied as elected member of Council , a exhibition of old maps of Calcutta and Bengal as member of Finance Committee .., fee remarks on origin of Kerberos eee Wose NF acon (J.), and Nicéville (L. de), list of diurnal iopidae tera inhabiting the Nicobar Islands 4 and Nicéville (L. de), on rhopalocerous lepi- doptera from the Andamans... coe fe on a new species of Huripus is FS on insects belonging to the genera Hibbs and ; Penthema da eee sve 3 re-elected Natural History Secretary one resumes Natural History Secretaryship Wright (Dr. Wm.), recommended as Honorary Member ... . elected an Honorary Member... te Yoga Siitra of Patanjali eee vee i) Sa Relbos: coins of ... iets ee aie 142 172 152 151 170 oe ee in ee ee eee ee ee eee , ee ss eee nS eee ee. ee [ APPENDIX. ] HH ZA fx] = fa ty < a HH O t te H a an a OF THE PSIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL FOR fe) . 00 ; 0) bon! ys Btn . Pee ais < | ea ~ ' m fat ‘ E To EsTABLISHMENT. Salaries, tc Commission, ... Pensions, ie CoNTINGENCIES. Stationery, ... Lighting, tos Building, Taxes, a Postage, is Freight, apa Meetings, ... Miscellaneous, LipraRy AND Books, she Local Periodicals, Book-cases, Binding, “oe Coins, ia PUBLICATIONS. Printing, as Plates, vee To Personat Account (Writes off and Miscellaneous), ... Total Expenditure, To Balance, ... CoLLECTIONS. STATEMENT, Asiatic Society of Rs. 4,421 15 1 sa «0945-2 ae), LOZ 209 4,793 14 3 cop Lo SOTTO ae eee 86 8 0 ees 343 4 10) 90. One aa 408 bo js. 3670 a Oe aa me Soot MO Ae 2,553 6 7 2 1,606--ee at), 66 12 2. 1,086 Oe 629 14 0 Ln ABSs Bae 3,466 4 7 ae 3849 “Sew . 2,465 12 8 6,315 4 8 954 6 5 Total, Rs. 18,083 3 1) aK .. 1,44,416 14 . 1,62,500 2 0 ii No. 1. Bengal. . By Balance from last Report, | ne Pax Rs. 1,438,484 0 11 ~ By Casu Recetrts. Publications sold for Cash, bee die) (228), 25.6 Interest on investments, ... dts ae CLI 00 8 Coins, we os wi ae b fo 6 Contingencies, nee a 4 1 6 Furniture eat of old oe eee ee a 23 4 6 6,481 7 0 By PERsoNAL pSeOENT. Admission Fees, aaa oe £.168°°0".0 Subscriptions, eee ane on 7,695 '-0 0 Sales on credit, ye see vas, BOLO 14a oO Miscellaneous (chiefly old outstandings and omissions brought to credit), sy He ... 2,200 12 1 - 12,634 10 1 Total Income, ———————-_ 19,066 1 1 ne epee ee em Total, Rs. six, 262,500. (25.6 eee Joun ©. Doveuas, Hony. Treasurer, Asiatic Society. J. WESTLAND, * Auditors, J. Sconce, iv ; a | 2 STATEMENT, Oriental Publication Fund in Account Dr. To Casu ExprEnpITuRE. Printing charges, ave He Rs, 5,230 2 3. Plates, alee Ay ee we 84 0 0 < Editing charges, bi ae “eh OTR iB aels ? Salaries, ie axe aa we 866 3 2 Advertising, ... eee eee a) 120 ee Freight, a es & nirdiades Boe Contingencies, ... ve vee eas 9412 0 Postage, te “so wee ee 38 8 3 Commissions on collecting bills, tne tee LS ee 7,424 12 5 To Personat Account (Writes off and Miscellaneous), .. 188 7 O re Total Expenditure, ———————-. 7,563 3 5 To Balance, ea ae co + 10,540 9 11 Total, Rs. 18,103 13 4 eae eee No, 2. 3 with the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Cr: By Balance from last Report, ... = vee - Rs. 5,004 13 10 By Casu REcEIpPTs. Government allowance, a ae vse 900070. 0 Publications sold, OM ce us coe 2, 105m 2 0 Advances recovered, a one TNS! 8 oi Bare 11,208 13 9 By Prersonat Account. Sales on credit, ose aa ee 1 foge 2 9 Miscellaneous, ane ear ae oa Oe O 1,890 1 9 Total Income, 13,098 15 6 a Total, Rs. 18,103 13 4 Joun C. Doveras, Hony. Treasurer, Asiatic Society. J. WEsTLAND, Auditors. J. Sconce, Sanskrit Manuscripts Fund in Account To Casu EXPENDITURE. Salaries, s Travelling expenses, Printing, aay Plates, ane MSS. purchased, Stationery, vos Postage, see Copying, kee Contingencies, .., To Balance, a vi STATEMENT, 1x. ty Rs. 1,383 2 0 ‘ sr OT 0 » 403 pg 7 Se 116 14 0 i 1,103 7 0 ‘Vet Se ae 1912 0 \ a 013 6 | sas on 10° 20 aed od 26% ie aes Total Expenditure, 3,441 3 6 ae? : ..» 2,13) ee Total, Rs. 5,873 1 8 g Vii v 4 No. 8. with the Asiatic Society of Bengal. CP. "By Balance from last Report, ... ven aa Rs, 2,839 14 8 : y Casu Recerers. ? ent allowance, Roc) eo eee 3,200 0 (@) f petty cash recovered, ie ae ter ee ALO Ul] 0 ns sold for cash, eos eos wee 8 2 0) f : . 3,209 3 0 ‘Personan Account, ‘ { ions sold on credit, ...— eas toe 24 0 0 Total Income, 3,288 3 0 ‘oz Total, Rs. 5,573 1 8 —_ ; Joun C. Dovetas, ; Hony. Treasurer, Asiatic Society. J. WESTLAND, Auditors. J. Sconcz, | pa abl | a Vai r-4y 2.8 bya ep i. = . ‘ . % | Pe 5 ms uh i: zy the ye) ee es SWE ee Vlil STATEMENT, To Balance from last Report, ar ve oe To CasH EXPENDITURE. Advances for purchase of Sanskrit MSS., postage of books to Members, &., .. .s oe ee To Asiatic Society, .. an ee oe To Oriental Publication Fund, ve “9 A To Sanskrit Manuscripts Preservation Fund, .. oe o - Personal . 4,612 Se .. 1,339. .. 12,634.10 .» >. 1,890. aa - 24 0 0 ix No. 4. Account. Gr. By Cash Receipts, ne 7 ve ve »» 12,427 4 8 By Asiatic Society, . .. oe . ve ve 954 6 5 By Oriental Publication Fund, .. oT Be ws 138 7 0O Due to the Due by the By Balances. Society. Society. Old claims,.. coe SF EAG Lanta om Members, .. oe fb S04 8 4 Lo 186.) 12) | Ad Subscriptions to Pub- lications, ., so) 1,299)-13 | 2.42935 | 12 | 6 Employees, .. a i eye Se eh ees done ee ta Sr . Agents, ae esd 25930) "2 Z Miscellaneous, ae 278} 12 | .. | 232} 6| 6 9,635] 5 | 10 [2,654 | 15 | 11 6,980 5 11 Total, .. 20,500 7 7 * Joun OC, Doveras, Hony. Treasurer, Asiatic Society. J. WESTLAND, Auditors.. J. Sconce, STATEMENT, Invest Dr. Nominal. Actual. To Balance, ., Ab - .. 1,48,300 0 0 1,47,618 0 0 —— Total, .. 1,48,300 0 0 1,47,618 0 O : STATEMENT, © Trust De. Remitted for Blochmann Memorial, .. ve Le 1,268 4 6 To Balance (being servants’ pension fund only), .. oa 1,007 11 4 Total, .. 2.976 16 105 STATEMENT, Cash. a To Balance from last Report, oe ve a 10,974 911 RECEIPTS, To Personal account, ve °° ar s 12,427 4 38 To Asiatic Society, “ve oe ie AP 6,431 7 0 To Oriental Publication Fund, 6 it oe 11,208 13 9 To Sanskrit Manuscripts Fund, oe Pe ae 3,209 3 0 Total, .. 44,251 5 11 x1 Po. 5. ments. Cr. Nominal. Actual. By Balance from last Report, ee -. 1,838,300 0 O 1,837,468 0 0 By Cash, at sti 3 «» 10,000 0 0 10,1508 @ 0 Total,.. 1,48,300 0 0 1,47,618 0 0 Joun C. Dovetas, Hony. Treasurer, Asiatic Soezety. J. WEsrLAND, J. Sconce, Auditors. Ho. 6. Funds. Cr. Blochmann, Memorial Fund, * .. 1,268 4 6 By Balances from last Report, Servants’ Pension Fund, .. o 1,007 11 4 Total, .. 2,275 15 10 Joun C. Dovatas, Hony. Treasurer, Asiatic Society. J. Seag NP | Auditors J. Sconce, : 2 iw SeoeroreEn, By Personal account, ae * te ae Leo 8. & By Asiatic Society, is + an ve 17,128 12 8 By Oriental Publication Fund, ma ire Ac 7,424.12 6 By Sanskrit Manuscripts Fund, ee ie a 3,441 3 6 By Investments, ng . . Ny Z e ry . ee See Cadell, Alan, B. a., c. s., Settlement Officer. Brown, J. A. Benares. Browne, J. F., c. s M. BR. a. 8., Offg. District and Sessions Judge, 24-Pergunnahs. Calcutta. Buckland, C. E., c. s., Magistrate. Howrah. Calcutta, The Rt. Rev., the Lord Bishop of. Caleutta. Banda.” Cappel, A. J. L., Offg. Director General of Tele- graphs. Caleutta. Carlleyle, A. C., Archeological Survey of India. Mirzapur. Cayley, Surgeon-Major H., Surgeon, Mayo Native Hospital. Calcutta. Chambers, Dr. E. W. Calcutta. Charles, T. E., M. D., F. B. C. P. Hurope. Chaudhuri, Govinda Kumara. Caleutta. Chaudhuri, Harachandra, Zamindar. Sherpur, Mai- mansingh. Chaudhuri, Khirode Chandra Roy. Jessore. Chennell, A. W., Asst. Surveyor, Survey Department. Shillong. Clarke, Capt. Henry Wilberforce, zn. £., Depy. Con- sulting Engr., Govt. of India, for Guaranteed Railways. Hurope. Clarke, Colonel Sir A., RB. E., K. 0. M. G., C. B., C. I. E. Europe. Clerk, Lieut.-Colonel Malcolm G, Europe. Coates, J. M.,.m. vp. Calcutta. Cockerell, H. ‘* c. 8. Oalcutta. Colvin, The Hon. Bazett Wetenhall, c. s., Member of the Governor-General’s Council. Calcutta. Constable, Archibald, Personal Asst. to Chief Engi- neer, Railway Dept. Lucknow. Crawfurd, James, B. A., C. 8., Barrister at Law, Re- gistrar, High Court. Calcutta. Croft, A. W., mM. A., Director of Public Instruction. Calcutta. Crombie, Alexander, m. D., Civil Surgeon. Crooke, William, c. s. -dwagarh, N. W. P. Cunningham, David Douglas, m. B., Surgeon-General of the Indian Medical Department. Calcutta. Simla. Dalton, Major-General Edward Tuite, c. 8. L., 8. @. (retired). Queen Anne’s Mansions, St. James’s Park, S. W. London. Dames, Mansel Longworth, c. s., Asst. Commissioner. Rajanpur, Panjab. Darbhanga, Maharaja of. Darbhanga. Das, Raja Jaykishan, Bahadur, c.s. 1. Bznor. Date soos Election. 1879 April 2. 1869 April 7. 1856 June 1859 Oct. 1862 May 1853 Sept. 6. 7 i. 1870 May 4. 1875 Mar. 3 1878 May 2 1875 Mar. 3 1880 June 2 1879 Feb. 5. 1873 Aug. 6 1877 Aug. 30 1873 April 2. 1870 Mar. 8. 1863 May 6. 1879 Mar. 5. 1874 Dec. 2 1880 April 7. 1871 Dee. 2. 1871 Oct. 4. 1859 Dec. 7. 1863 Jan. 15. 1376 Jan, 5. 1880 April 7. 1879 July 2. 1869 Sept. 1. 1872 Dec. 4. 1876 July 5. 1869 Sept. 1. 1867 Sept. 4. Oe > 324 5 24 225 2 PRR @ nb bhe oo 3 .| Egerton, The Hon. Robert Eyles, c. s., .| Fiddian, W., M. a., c. 8. .| Finucane, M., c. s., Joint Magistrate. .| Fryer, Lieut.-Col. Das, Ram Saran, mM. A., Grant Ramsarandaspur, near Burragaon, Fyzabad, Oudh. Day, Dr. Francis, F. L. 8., F. Z. 8. DeBourbel, Lieut.-Col Raoul, R. &. Europe. Lucknow. Delmerick, J. G., Extra Asst. Commissioner. -Am- balla City. | Dhanapati Singh Disetien, Rai Bahadur. Azamganj. Dickens, Major-General Craven Hildesley, R, a., ©. 8.1. Europe. | Dobson, G. E., B. A. M. B., F. L. 8., Royal Vielovia Hospital. Netley. Southampton. Dodgson, Walter. Rangpur. | Buzar. Donaldson, P., Superintendent of the Jail. Douglas, af Supdt. of Telegraphs, Check Office. Calcutta. Doxey, The Rev. J.S. Dultan. Duthie, J. F., Superintendent, Govt. Botanical Gar- dens. Saharunpore. Dutt, Jogesh Chunder. Calcutta. .| Dutt, Kedarnath, Personal Asst. to the Se Commissioner. Rampore Bauleah. - Dutt, Umesh Chunder. Calcutta. Edinburgh, H. R. H. The Duke of. Europe. Edgar, John Ware, c. s., c. 8. I., Offg. Commissioner. Dhaka, Champarun. HKetvelde, E. van, Consul General for Belgium. Cal- cutta, mreey: BetLas c. I. E., Lieut.-Governor of the Panjab. Lahore. . | Elias, Ney. Leh, Kashmir. Eliot, J., M. A., Meteorological Reporter to Govt. of Bengal. Caleutta, ./ Evezard, Major-General G. E. Deesa, Gujarat. Fath Ali, Maulawi. Calcutta. R. Fedden, Francis, Asst., Geological Survey of India. Feistmantel, Ottokar, Mt. D., Palzontologist, Geologi- cal Survey of India. Cualeutta. Kattak. Gaya. Fisher, John Hadden, c. 8., Offg. Collector. Mirath. Forbes, Major John Greenlaw, R. E., Supdg. Engineer, N. W. P. & Oudh Irrigation Branch. Lucknow. .| Foulkes, The Rev. Thos., F. L.8., M.R. A. 8., F. BR. G.8., Chaplain. Bang galore. G. E., Deputy Commissioner. Maulmain, B. Burmah. Fyfe, The Rev. W. C., M. a., Principal, Free Church College. Hurope. v1 eS A RS a RS SRN AE 8 CI RS Date of Election. 1880 April 7. 1873 Dec. 3. 1871 Aug. 1874 July 1859 Aug. 2 iF 1879 Mar. 5. 3. 1867 Dec. 4 1877 Aug 80. 1871 May 3. 1877 Dec. 5. 1869 Feb. 3. 1870 May 4. 4 1880 Aug. 1875 July 7. 1861 Feb. 5. 1862 July 2. 1869 July 7. 1875 July 7. 1863 Nov. 4. 1879 Jan. 8. 1877 Nov. 7. 1876 Nov. 15. 1861 Sept. 4. 1878 May 2. 1861 Feb. 6. 1880 Feb. 4. 1867 July 3. 1879 Mar. 5. 1861 Feb. 2.|N.R. N.R. R, .| Gangaprasad, Munshi, Depy. Collector. .| Ghosha, Dr. Krishna Dhana. ., Gordon, James Davidson, c. 8., .| Gajapati, Ananda Ram, Raja of Vizianagram. Vizi- anagram. .| Gamble, J. S., B. a., Asst. to Inspector General of Forests. Darjiling. Mathura. Gardner, David Mason, o. s., Offg. Magistrate and Collector. Hurope. Garrett, A. W.,m. a., Inspector of Schools, Presy. Circle. Calcutta. Gastrell, Major-General James Eardley (retired). 7, Landsowne Road, Wimbledon. .| Gay, E., mM. a., c. 8., Depy. Comptroller General, Bombay. Ghosha, Jnanendra Chandra. Calcutta. Ghosha, Kaliprasanna. Calcutta. Rangpur. Ghosha, Pratapachandra, B. a. Calcutta, Ghoshal, Raja Satyanand. Calcutta. Gibbs, The Hon. James, oc. 8. 1., 0. I. E., F. RB. G. S., M. B. A. S.. Member of the Governor General’s Council, Calcutta. .| Girdlestone, Charles Edward Ridgway, c. 8., Resi- dent. Katmandu, Nepal. Godwin-Austen, Lieut -Colonel H. H., F.B.S,F.z.8., F.R. Ga. 8. United Service Club, St. James’, London. .| Gordon, Robert, c. £., Executive Engineer, P. W. D., Henzada, B. Burmah. C. 8. I., Offg. Chief Commissioner. Mysore. iT Gouldsbury, J. R. E. Europe. .| Gowan, Major-General J. Y. Woodlands, Wimbledon, London. .| Gowan, Capt. W. E., 21st Nat. Infy. Hurope. Grant, Alexander, m. I. c. E., Director of State Rail- Europe. ways. .| Grierson, George Abraham, c. 8., Offg. Inspector of Schools, Behar Circle. Bankipur. .| Griffin, Lepel Henry, B. c. s., Depy. Commissioner and Offg. Secy. to the Govt. of the Punjab. Lahore. .| Griffith, R. Allahabad. .| Growse, Frederick Salmon, M. A., C. 8., C. I. E., Joint Bulandshahr, N. W. P. Magistrate. Calcutta. Gupta, Beharilal, co. s. Hacket, Charles Augustus, Assistant, Geol. Survey of India. Harraden, 8. Calcutta. Harrison, A. S., B. A., Principal, Muir Central College. Allahabad. . : | Vii Date of Election. 1877 Sept. 27. 1880 Aug. 26. 1875 Mar. 38. 1879 Mar. 5. 1875 Aug. 4. 1872 Dec. 4. 1878 Mar. 6. 1868 Nov. 4. 8. 1873 Jan. 1863 Jan, 15. 1867 Aug. 7. 1866 Jan. 17. 1878 Sept. 25. 1870 Jan. 5. 1872 Dec. 4. 1866 Mar. 7. 1871 Mar. 8. 1858 Dec. 7. 1874 Feb. 4. 1878 May 2. 1880 Dec. 1. 1876 July 5, 1879 Mar. 5. 1879 Aug, 6. 1866 Feb. 7. 1862 Mar. 5. 1867 Dec. 4 1878 Aug. 1880 Jan. 1873 Dec. 3 1878 April ’$ ig 2. N. N. re bd im tol = al te A R. R. nat BOF bo hin Dw We .| Howell, Mortimer Sloper, c. s., Judge. .| Hughes, T. H., a. B. 8. M., F. G.8., Geol. Survey of .| Irvine, William, c, s., Joint Magistrate. .| Isvariprasad Singh, Raja. .| Johnstone, .| Johnstone, P. DeLacy, c. s. .| Johore, H. H., Maharaja of, K. o. 8. 1. Hart, J., Attorney at Law. Calcutta. Hassan, Khalif Syad Mahomed, Khan Bahadur, Prime Minister. Puttiala. Hendley, Dr. Thomas Holbein, Residency Surgeon, and Offg. Political Agent, Eastern Rajpootana States. Jaipur, Rajputand. Herschel, Major J., Survey of India. Zurope. Hewitt, James Francis Katherinus, oc. s., Commis- sioner. Chota Nagpur. Hoernle, Rev. A. F.R., pu. vp. Calcutta. .| Hoey, W. Lucknow, Oudh. .| Holroyd, Lieut.-Col. William Rice Morland, Director of Public Instruction. Lahore, Punjab. Houstoun, G. L., F. a. 8. Johnstone Castle, Ren- Srewshire, Scotland. Jaunpur. India. Kutnd. .| Hughes, Captain W.G., m.s.c., Depy. Commissioner, Hill Tracts. Avrracan, .| Hughes, G., c. 8., Assistant Commissioner. Abbotabad, Hazara. Hume, Allan Octavian, c. B., c. 8. Allahabad. .| Ibbetson, Denzil Charles Jelf, c. s., Deputy Commis- sioner of the Punjab Census. Sima. Ghazipur. Isaac, T. S., c. E.- Hurope. Benares. Jackson, Surgeon Major Charles Julian. Culcutta. Jackson, Sir L. 8. Hurope. .| Jackson, William Grierson, B. co. s. Mirzapur, N. W. P. M.| Jarrad, Lieut. F. W., 8. N., F. B. a. 8., Marine Survey Dept. Hydrographic Office, Admiralty, London. Jarrett, Major H. S., B. 8. c., Secy. to the Board of Examiners. Oalcutta. Joest, Herr W. Cologne. Johnson, W. H.,¢. =. Dera Ismail Khan. Lieut.-Colonel James William Hope, Commissioner. Jallandhar, .| Johnstone, Lieut.-Col. James, Depy. Commissioner. Assam, Amritsar. Johnstone, Capt. W. H., RE, A.1.c. E. LHurope. ) New Johore, Singapore. .| Jones, Frederick, c. 8., Magistrate and Collector. Tipperah, Date of Election. 1875 Nov. 3. | N.R. 1869 April 7.| R. 1876 April 5.| R. 1878 Mar. 6.|N.R 1874 Dec. 2.| N.R 1867 Dee. 4.| R. 1862 Jan. 15.| N.R 1880 Dee. 1. 1880 Jan. 7.| R. 1877 Jan. 17.) Ni BR 1875 Dec. 1.) R. 1878 Oct. 4.|N.R 1880 Aug. 4. | N.R 1877 Sept. 27.| N.R. 1878 Aug. 7.|N.R 1880 Sept. 30.| KR. 1879 Dec. 3.|N.R. 1870 July 6.) R. 1879 Mar. 5.| R. 1880 July 7.;NR 1873 Feb. 5.| R. 1864 Nov. 2.) R. 1866 Jan. 17. | N.R 1869 July 7. | N.R 1875 Jan.. 6. | R. 1870 April 6, | L.M. 1880 Dec. 1.| R. 1868 Dee. 2.| N.R 1866 June 6. | N.S. 1880 June 2. | N.R. | .| Lawrie, Dr. E. Vill Jones, Samuel Simpson, B. A, c. 8, Asst, Commis- sioner. Lajmahal. Kabiruddin Ahmad, Maulawi. Calcutta. Kantichandra Singh, Kumara. Oaleutta. .| Keene, H. G., c. 8. Agra. .| Khudabakhsh Khan, Maulawi. Patna. King, G., M. B. F. L. s., Supdt., Royal Botanical Gardens. Stbpur, Calcutta. | Kang Way Jt Roa. Baty Dopy: Supdt. for Ma- Yercaud, Shevaroy Cal- dras, Geol. Survey of India. Hills, Madras. Kirton, Surgeon-Major William Henry, F. 1. s. cutta. Kisch, H. M., M. a.,c. s. Calcutta. . ./ Kishor, Kumara Radha Deb, Juvraj of Hill Tipperah. Tipperah. Knight, Hon’ble J. B., c. 1. &. Calcutta. | Lachman Singh, Raja. Bulandshahr. .| Lambe, W., c. s. Jaunpur, N. W. P. La Touche, James John Digges, B. 4, c. 8., Offg. Joint Magistrate. Moradabad. Lahore. Lees, R. O. Calcutta. Leonard, G. S., Offg. Traffic Supdt., N. B. State Ry. Satdpur. Lethbridge, E. Roper, M.a.,¢.1 E. Calcutta. Levinge, H. C., c. B., Joint Secy. to the Govt. of Bengal, D. P. W. Calcutta. Lewis, Rev. Arthur, B. Aa. Dera Ghazi Khan. Lewis, Timothy Richards, mM. B., Special Asst. to the Sanitary Commissioner with the Government of India. Calcutta. Locke, H. H., Principal, School of Art, Oaleutta. Low, James, Surveyor, G. T. Survey. B. Burmah. Lyall, Charles James, B. A., c. 8., Offg. Secy. to the Chief Commissioner of Assam. Shz/long. Lydekker, Richard, Asst., Geol. Survey of India. Geological Survey Office, Calcutta. Lyman, B. Smith. Japan. McCann, H. W., m. a, D. Sc., Prof., Presidency College. Calcutta. | . .| Macauliffe, Michael, B. a., c. s., Depy. Commissioner, Hissar, Punjab. Macdonald, Lieut.-Col. J., B. s. c., Depy. Superin- tendent of Surveys. Hurope. Macdonald, James, c. BE. Aligarh, ee eee eee 1x Date of Election. 1879 Feb. 5. 1876 Jan. 5. 1848 April 5. 1873 Dec. 1880 May 1874 Jan. 1880 Mar. 1876 Dec. 1864 July 1869 Sept. 1872 Nov. 1880 May 1877 Dec. 1869 July 1873 July 1873 Aug. 1877 Feb. 1860 Mar. 1877 Mar. 1871 Sept. 1870 July 1874 May 1875 Aug. 1856 Mar. 1876 Dec. 1874 July 1878 May 1864 Nov. 1879 May 1867 Mar. 1880 Aug. 26. 3. 5. 1879 Aug. 28. 7. | 1867 April 3. 3. 6. 1878 April 3. 6. 1 6 5 5 7 2 6 7 7 7 6. 6 6 4, 5 6 a 2 2 7 6 ae eee een Bird ma obs: Z oe Bae a2 oo iy bg .| Macgregor, Capt. C. R., 44th N. I., Transport Officer. Kabul. Macgregor, W., Supdt., Telegraphs. Dhubri, Assam. .| Maclagan, Major-General Robert, RB. E., F. B. 8. Ey F.R.G. 8. Hurope. MacLeod, Surgeon-Major Kenneth, m. p. Calcutta. MacLeod, Roderick Henry, B. c. 8. Benares. Maconachie, R., c. s., Settlement Secy. to the Financial Commissioner. Lahore. | Magrath, Charles Frederick, B. a., c. s., Offg. Magis. trate and Collector. angpur. Mainwaring, Lieut.-Col. George Byres, 8. 0. Seram- pur. Maliah, Ramesvar. Howrah, Malleson, Col. G. B.. c. s. 1. Europe. Mallet, F. R., Geological Survey of India. Mallik, Coomar Devendra. Calcutta. Mallik, Yadulal. Calcutta. Man, ©. H., Asst. Supdt. Port Blair, Andamans. Mandalik, The Hon. Rao Sahib Visvanath Narayana, c. 8.1. | Bombay. Mandelli, L. Darjiling. Markham, Alexander Macaulay, o. s., Offg. Magis. trate and Collector. Allahabad. Marshall, C. W. Gonatra, Synthea. Marshall, Lieut.-Col. William Elliot. Marshall, Capt. Geo. Fred. Leycester, R. £., Asst. Secy., Govt. of India, P. W. D. Calcutta. Medlicott, H. B., wm, a., F.B. 8., F. G.8., Supdt., Geo- logical Survey of India. Calcutta. Medlycott, The Rev. Adolphus Edwin, 3, Cullen Place, Howrah. Calcutta. PH. D.,, .| Miles, Lieut.-Colonel S. B., s. o., Political Agent. Muscat. Miller, A. B., B. a., Barrister at Law, Official As- signee. Calcutta. .| Minchin, F. J. V. Aska, Ganjam. .| Minchin, Lieut.-Col. C. C. Hissar, Panjab. Mitra, Rajendralala, Rai Bahadur, Lu. D., c. I. E. Calcutta. Mockler, Major E., Political Agent. Hurope. » Molesworth, G. L., c. u., Consulting Engineer to Govt. of India for State Railways. Calcutta. Moyle, J. C., Barrister at Law, High Court. Calcutta, .| Mukerjea, Bhudeva, Inspector of Schools. Chinsurah. .| Muir, J. W., mw. a. c. s,, Barrister at Law. dain- puri, VN. W. P. Mukerjea, The Hon. Pearimohan, mM. a, Utétarpara. Mullick, Benod Behari. Calcutta. x Se EE ES SS SS EE) Date of Election, 1880 Aug. 26. 1880 Dee. 1. 1876 May 4. 1865 Feb. 1. 1880 Aug. 26. 1869 July 7. 1871 July 5. 1874 Oct. 4. 1879 Aug. 28. 1880 Dec. 1. 1878 Aug. 6. 1880 Aug. 1880 Jan. 1873 Aug. 1880 Jan. 1862 May 1879 Mar. 1860 Feb. 18738 Aug. 1864 Mar. 1865 Sept. 1877 Aug. 1868 May 1835 July 1872 Dec. 1880 June 1877 Aug. 80. 1878 Feb 6. 1874 Dec. 2. 4, v 6 7 * 5, 1871 Dec. 6. 1 6 2 6 it 6 1 toe N.R. N.R. -| Nursing Rao, A. V. -| Oldham, Surgeon-Major C. F., F. RB. a. 8. .| Pawsey, R., c. s., Collector. .| Peal, S. E., Manager, Sapakati Tea Estate. Szbsagar, .| Peterson, F. W., Bombay Mint. .| Phayre, Sir Arthur Purves, K.c. 8.1, 0. B., c/o Nag, Sib Chunder. Chittagong. Napier, J. R. Oalcutta. Nash, A. M., mu. a., Professor, Presidency College. Calcutta. Nevill, G., c. mw. z. 8., Indian Museum. Calcutta. Nicholson, Richardson Walter, Sub-Deputy Opium Agent. Sultanpur, Oudh. Vizagapatam. Oates, E. W., c. E, Engineer, P. W. D., Garrison Div., Sittang Canal. Rangoon, Pegu. O’Kinealy, The Hon’ble James, c. s., District and Sessions Judge, 24-Pergannahs. Europe. Dhurm- sala, Panjab. .| Oldham, R. D., a. RB. 8s. M., Asst., Geological Survey of India. | Olpherts, W. J., c. u., Manager, Kaharbari Collieries. Giridhi, #. I. R. Pandia, Pandit Mohanlall Vishnulall, F. 1. s., Member and Secy., Royal Council of Meywar. Oodeypur. Pargiter, Frederick E., B. A., c. 8., Officiating Com- missioner of the Sunderbands. Calcutta. Parker, J. C. Calcutta. .| Parry, J. W., c. £., Assoc. M. 1. c. E., Asst. Engi- neer. Gwalior. - .| Partridge, Surgeon-Major Samuel Bowen, M. D. Europe. Cuttack. Assam. .| Pearse, Major-General G. G., R. H. A. Bangalore. Pedler, Alexander, F. oc. S., Professor of Chemistry, Presidency College. Oaleutta. .| Pellew, Fleetwood Hugo, c. s., Offg. Commissioner. Dacea. .| Peppe, T. E. Ranehi. Peters, C. T., M.B., Off. Agency Surgeon. Zanzibar. Bombay. H.S. King and Co. London. Prannath Sarasvati, Pandit, Mm. a.,B.L. Bhowantpur. Prasad Sinh, Thakur Garuradhawaya, Raja of Bes- wan. Beswan Fort, Aligarh. .| Pratapnarayan Singha, Depy. Magistrate. Bankoora. Prinsep, the Hon’ble H. T., Judge of the High Court. Calcutta. Protheroe, Major M., Depy. Supdt. of Port Blair and the Nicobars. P il a” lie ee Re ee - 1874 July Date of Election. 1871 June 7. 1878 Aug. 29. 1877 May 2. 1880 April 7 1868 April 1 1877 Aug. 1. 1871 July 5. 1880 Aug. 4. 1860 Jan. 3. 1863 April 1 1878 Sept. 25. 1865 Feb. 1. 1876 Dec. 6. 1870 Jan. 5. 1880 Sept. 30 1877 May 1878 Jan. 1870 May 1879 May 1869 Feb. - 1879 Feb. 1876 July 1878 Mar. 1874 Dec. 1879 Jan. 1878 May 1879 May 1878 April 3. 1867 April 3. 1872 Aug. 7. NN 2H OF AT wnew w 1864 Sept. 7. 1865 July 5. 1874 June 3. Ly oS Hre RH A AA s . . . es ee a 2 ee ee ea ee Sn SSeS ZZ 4 AAz AA ie oe eee ae A, ne ery .| Sheridan, C. J., o. E. x1 Ramkrishna. Calcutta. Rangoon, Right Rev., Bishop of. Rangoon. Ravenshaw, Thomas Edw., c. s., Commissioner of Burdwan Division. Chinsurah. hai, Bipina Chandra, B. u., Munsiff. Netrokona, Maimansingh. Rai, Raja Pramathanath. Digapati. Rees, J. C., Asst. Engr., P. W. D. DZhonzai, British Burmah. Reid, James Robert, c. s. Hurope. Reynolds, Herbert William Ward, oc. s. Jaunpur. Rivett-Carnac, John Henry, c. s., Cc. 1. B., F.S. A, Opium Agent. Ghazipur. Robertson, Charles, c. s., Secretary to the Govt., N. W. P. and Oudh. Allahabad. Robertson, Rev. J. Calcutta. Robinson, 8. H. Calcutta. Rodon, Lieut. G. S., Royal Scots. Hurope. .| Ross, Major Alexander George, Staff Corps, 2nd in Comd., lst Sikh Infy. Dera Ghazi Khan, Panjab. .| Sage, E. M. Rangoon. Sandford, W., Assistant Traffic Manager, Nizam’s State Railway. Secunderabad, Deccan. Sawyer, Capt. H.A., Military Department. Calcutta. Schlich, Dr. W. Lahore. Schroder, J. Europe. Schwendler, L., Telegraph Store Department. cutta. Sconce, Lt.-Col. J., B. 8.0. Calcutta. Scott, Ross, c. s., Assistant Magistrate and Collector. Furrakhabad, Scully, Dr. John, c/o H. 8. King and Co. London. Sen, Adharlal, B. a., Offg. Depy. Magistrate and Collector. Jessore. Sen, Dr. Ram Das. Berhampur. Sewell, R., m. 8. c., c/o Messrs. Arbuthnot and Co. Madras. Sharpe, C. J. Oaleutta. Lucknow. Cal- Simson, A. Calcutta. Sirkar, Dr. Mahendralala. Calcutta. Skrefsrud, Rev. L. O., India Home Mission to the Santhals. Dumka, Santhal Purgunnahs. Sladen, Col. E. B., mM. 8s. c., Commissioner, Arracan Division. Hurope. Smith, David Boyes, m.p. Calcutta. Smith, Vincent Arthur, c.s., Asst. Settlement Officer. Bareilly, N. W. P. xii Date of Election. 1879 Mar. 1878 Mar. 5. 6. 1877 April 4. 1872 July 1879 Oct. 1875 July 1876 Aug. 1861 Sept. 1869 Feb. 1859 Mar. 1880 Nov. ES is 1864 Aug. 11. 1880 Nov. 1880 June 1871 Mar. 1871 Jan. 1868 June 1865 Sept. 1874 Mar. 1860 May 1878 June 1876 Feb. 1875 June 1869 Oct. 1875 Nov. 1847 June 1865 July 1871 April 5. 1861 June 5. 1872 July 3. 2. aS 4. 3. 5. 3. Soe Pe Sei ey BA ae SNS eRe gee .| Thibaut, Dr. G., Prof. Sanskrit College. .| Thomson, A., The College, Agra. .| Thomson, Robert George, c.s., Asst. Commr. Jhelum, .| Trefftz, Oscar. Someren, Capt. G. J. van. Hurope. Souttar, W. M.,Chairman of the Corporation. Calcutta. Spens, The Rev. A. N. W., Chaplain. Szadkot. Stephen, Carr, B. u., Judl. Asst. Commr. Ludianah. Sterndale, R. A., F. B. @. 8., Asst. Comr. of Currency. Calcutta. Stewart, M.G. Calcutta. .| St. John, Lieut.-Col. Oliver Beauchamp, &.E., c. 8.1. — Political Officer. Kandahar. Stokes, The Hon’ble Whitley, c. 8. 1, ¢. 1. E. cutta. Strachey, Sir J., K.0.8.1., C. I. E. Oal- Europe. .| Stubbs, Lieut.-Col. Francis William, Royal Artillery. .| Sturt, Lieut. Robert Ramsay Napier, B. s. c., Panjab Frontier Force. Hdwardesabad, Panjab. Swinhoe, W., Attorney-at-Law. Calcutta. Swynnerton, Rev. Charles. Naushera. Sykes, John Gastrell, tu. B., Barrister-at-Law and Advocate, High Court, N. W. P. Allahabad. Tagore, Dvijendranath. Calcutta. Tagore, Gunendranath, Calcutta. Tagore, The Hon’ble Maharaja Jotendra Mohun, c. 8.1. Calcutta. Tawney, C. H., m. a., Principal, Presidency College. Calcutta. Taylor, Commander A. D., late Indian Navy. Caleutta. Temple, Sir R., Bart., K.c. 8.1L, 0. LB, B.oG. 8: Europe. ., Temple, Lieut. R. C., s. c., Cantonment Magte. Fe- rozepore, Punjab. Tennant, Col. James Francis, &. E., F. B. 8., C. I. E. Mint Master. Calcutta. Benares. Panjab. .| Thuillier, Major-Genl. Sir Henry Edward Landor, R.A, OC. 8.1, F. 8.8. Care of Messrs. Grindlay and Co., 55, Parliament St., London. .| Tolbort, Thos. Wm. Hooper, c. s., Offg. Deputy Commissioner. Gujranwala. Care of Messrs. EL. D. Keilhorn and Co., 16, St. Mary Axe, London. Tremlett, James Dyer, M. A., ©. 8. sioner. Jallandhar, Panjab. Trevor, Lieut.-Col. William Spottiswoode, R. £., Chief Engineer and Secy, to Chief Commissioner. an- goon, Addl. Commis- ee er Xlli Date of Election. 1880 Mar. 8. 1873 April 6. 1863 May 6. 1869 Aug. 4. 1865 Nov. 1. 1861 May 1. 1875 April 7. 1863 Oct. 7. 1865 May 38. 1874 July 1. 1876 Dec. 6. 1879 Mar. 5. 1869 Sept. 1. 1867 Feb. 6. 1862 Oct. 8. 1878 Aug. 29. 1875 Feb. 3. 1878 Aug. 29. 1873 May 7. 1867 Jan, 16. 1880 Feb. 1870 Aug. 1878 Mar. 1866 Mar. 1867 July 1870 Jan. 1878 Aug. Z be A op A Ge et Si E js b bhn w PR Me oS ete SS .| Tufnell, Lieut. R. H. C., 80th M.N.I. 7, High Road, Nungambanhun, Madras. Turnbull, Robert, Secretary to the Corporation. Cal- cutta. .| Tyler, J. W., M. D., F. B.C. 8., Supdt., Central Prison. Agra. Wahid Ali, Prince Jahan Qadr Muhammad, Bahé- dur. Garden Reach. Waldie, David, F. c. 8. Calcutta. Walker, Major-Genl. James T., R. E., Cc. B., F. RB. S., Surveyor General of India. Calcutta. Wall, Dr. Alfred John. Hurope. Waller, Walter Kerr, Mm. B. Calcutta. Waterhouse, Major James, B. 8, c., Dy. Supdt., Sur- vey of India. Hurope. Watt, Dr. George, Professor. Hurope. Webb, W. T., m. a., Professor, Presidency College. Calcutta. .| Weekes, A., c. 8., Collector. Furidpur. Westland, James, c. s., Offg. Comptroller General. Calcutta. Westmacott, Edward Vesey, B. a., c. 8., Offg. Magte. and Collr. MNoakholly. Wheeler, James Talboys. Hurope. Wheeler, P. C., c. 8., Asst. Magistrate. Ghazipur. Whiteway, Richard Stephen, c. s., Asst. Settlement Officer. MWutira, — .| Whittall, R., Forest Dept. Hoshangabad, tena Provinces. .| Williams, George Robert Carlisle, B. a., c. 8., Magte. and Collr. Fuarakhabad. .| Williamson, Capt. William John, c. 1. £., Inspr.-Genl. of Police. Shillong, Khast Hills. Wilson, The Hon. Arthur. Calcutta, 3. | Wilson, Robert Henry, 3. 4.,c. 8. Offg. Secy. to Board of Revenue. urope. .| Wilson, J. Strsa, Punjab. .( Wise, Dr. J. F. N. Rostellan, County Cork. Ireland. .| Wood, Dr. Julius John, Supdt. of Vaccination. Darjiling Cirele. Wood-Mason, James, Depy. Supdt., Indian Museum. Calcutta. . .| Woodthorpe, Capt. Robert Gossett, Rr. E., Asst. Supdt., Survey of India. Hrontier Expeditionary Force. Kabul. 1821 Mar. 1826 July 1834 May 1847 Sept. 1847 Nov. 1848 Feb. 1853 April 6. 6. 1858 July 1860 Mar. 1860 Nov. 1860 __,, 1860 _,, 1868 Feb. 1868 __,, 1868 _,, La7 1 ry 3. LST2-s,, 1872 June 1875 Nov. isso. ,, 1876 April 5. 5. 1877 Jan. 17. A. 1876 ,, 1879 June 1879 ., 1879 ,, L379 5, 1879. .,, 1879 .,, 1844 Oct. 1856 June 1856. ,, 1856 __,, 1856 __s,, LS59_ .., 1857 Mar. 1858 ~,, 1859 Nov. 1860 Feb. 1861 July 1862 Mar. 1863 July 1866 May 1863: _,,, ee ee rae WWAPNNAANNNN ‘ Major-Gen. Sir H. C. Rawlinson, K. c. B. XiV HONORARY MEMBERS. Sir John Phillippart. London. Count de Noe. Paris. ; Professor Isaac Lea. Philadelphia. Col. W. Munro. London. His Highness the Nawab Nazim of Bengal. Dr. J. D. Hooker, 8. N., F..B. 8. Kew. B. H. Hodgson. Hurope. Professor Max Miller. Ozford. Edward Thomas. London. Dr. Aloys Sprenger. Bern. Dr. Albrecht Weber. Berlin. General A. Cunningham, c. s.1. India. Professor Bapu Déva Sastri. Benares. A. Grote. London. Charles Darwin. London. Sir G. B. Airy. London. Professor T. H. Huxley. London. Dr. O. Bohtlingk. Jena. Professor J. O. Westwood, Ozford. Col H. Yule, rz. &., c. B. London. Dr. Werner Siemens. Berlin. Dr. John Muir. Edinburgh. Prof. E. B. Cowell, p. c. 1. Dr. A. Giinther, v. P. B. 8. Dr. J. Janssen. Paris, Prof. H. Milne-Edwards. Prof. P. Regnaud. Lyons. M. EH. Renan. Paris. Cambridge. London. Paris. CORRESPONDING MEMBERS. Macgowan, Dr. J. EHurope.: Kramer, Herr A. von. Alexandria. Porter, Rev. J. Damascus. Schlagintweit, Herr H. von. Berlin. Smith, Dr. E. Beyrout. Tailor, J.. Esq. Bussorah. Nietner, J., Esq. Ceylon. Schlagintweit, Herr R. von. Berlin. Frederick, Dr. H. Batavia. Baker, The Rev. H. £. Malabar. Gosche, Dr. R. Murray, A., Esq. London. Barnes, R. H., Esq. Ceylon. Schlagintweit, Prof. E. von. Holmbée, Prof. Christiania. Berlin, EHurope. London. . —_——_ — —_" ee Le eS xV ASSOCIATE MEMBERS. 1865 May 8.| Dall, Rev. C. H. Calcutta. 1874 Feb. 4. | Schaumburgh, J., Esq. Caleutia. 1874 April 1. } Lafont, Rev. Fr. E.,s.3., c.1. 8B. Calcutta. 1875 Dec. 1. | Bate, Rev. J. D. Allahabad. 1875 ,, 1.} Maulawi Abdul Hai, Madrasah. Calcutta. *. LIST OF MEMBERS WHO HAVE BEEN ABSENT FROM INDIA THREE YEARS AND UPWARDS.* * Rule 40.—After the lapse of 8 years from the date of a Member leaving India, if no intimation of his wishes shall in the interval have been received by the Society, his name shall be removed from the list of Members. The following Members will be removed from the next Member List of the Society under the operation of the above Rule. Major-Gen. C. H. Dickens, RB. a.,c. 8. 1, ... 1877. ec, Couldsbury, HiSds,: <.jsdssaccegreeaessss 1877. Pacut.-Cok, J.Wiaedonald.-. oo. vscuccsccdcessoc se: 1877. Ger-G. B, Matheson, 65-835. siscescctess bee 1877. Bieta. Gis , UOGON, “sec cncccvccors sostaee Nes cegoe On Pe LOSS OF MEMBERS DURING 1880. By RETIREMENT. W.E. Brooks, Esq. Muddapur. H. Buckle, Esq. TZounghoo. Col. H. A. Browne. angoon. C. D. Field, Esq. Burdwan. J.C. Macdonald, Esq. Naini Tal. Hon. G. G. Morris. Caleutta. E. O’Brien, Esq. Muzaffargarh. Dr. D. O’C. Raye. Calcutta. Dr. V. Richards. Goalundo. Hon. J. Sewell White. Calcutta. By DeratH, Ordinary Members. H. L. Dennys. Damoh, C. P. Thakur Giriprasad Singh, Aligarh. xvi Honorary Members. Hon. Sir J. W. Colvile, Kt. Hurope. Corresponding Member. | Rev. M. A. Sherring, M. a. Benares. By REMOVAL. Under Rule 40. ue 4 | J. Smidt. Europe. oD R. Taylor, c. 8. Europe. Under Rule 38. rae | J. F. Baness, Esq. Calcutta, e ) -P. Dejoux, Esq. Calcutta. — J. S. Gunn, Esq., mM. B. Sandwar. W. Porter, Esq. Akyab. FO Fe es ee ee ee ee, ee gy 4 ee ee : < — “*,* It is request PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JHE JEONORARY SECRETARIES. No. I. JANUARY, 1881. SLB ey Date i ———— ——————SSSSSSS===s "ele" fiit: “The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia: and within these limits its inquiries will be extended to whatever is performed by man or produced by nature.” —Siz Wituiam Jonss. 4 rupees. 8 annas. 1 anna, 1s. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, secseeteesecreeseccvene sonnseres Prick PER NUMBER, ...... Py PET ANN grok emia ean suerte’ POSTAGE IN INDIA (ADDITIONAL), -+- veeses ser seeses ene PRICE IN ENGLAND, vccceesceseeece cee ser voeree ciety consist — of the Proceedings, one. num-. ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Journal, the annual volume of which is divided into two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, é&c., Part II to Natural Science; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. ed that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatie Soc., to whom all orders for these works are to be addressed in India; or, in London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Driibner and Co., 57 J 59, Ludgate Hull. N. B.—In order to ensure papers being Society, they should be in the hands of the S Meeting. <~» DAES oe bP CALOUTTA: PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. 1881. The publications of the So read at any monthly Meeting of the ecretaries at least a week before the CONTENTS. Page Monthly General elie for pore bas svete edhe’ gore oes 1 PRCKEDERTIONG 4 ety ew trars oes dad edhe Pe ea es oriat ke dyahteaets Seapig ec oba vena? ab, Election of Members ae ab Sos poawey ceaay UL sme peice crabs Nese eMreetae 2 Papers— | 1. On the Identification of Certain Diamond Mines in India which were known to and worked by the ancients, especially those which were visited by Tavernier. ee V. Baur, M. A,, F.G.S. (Abstract.)... ai 2. Ona forgotten Record of the ‘buptreetios “ge fee ists in fit Hae District of Palamow and its connection with some other = = facts regarding the Geographical Distribution fy Animals in India~—By: V. BALt, Mp Ag FG) Siisvd nc.ssic sees aie 3. A find-of Coins struck by Bio Sultans in Lahore. Be. C: 7 “My Ropeers, Principal, Amritsar College................ssseseeees 4 4, On the Coins of the Sikhs.—By C. J. Ropazns, ‘Prien ane Amritsar College. (Abstract.) .si0....s0.0ssecccecstvecccansestee cae 6 5. Notes on the Inhabitants of the Nicobars—By F. A. pE © Réepsrorrs, cand. philos., F, R. Danish 8. Antiquaries,C.M. R. Dan. G. S. and of the Berlin S. for ae Ethook?- eis and pep ten SLES SEES Ce RDP Oo Kris) oo y io : Library... EJay dianuaalcs stab eotson sus deoundaascdd sha tdaus silts re) aeh ieee ann Now Ready. ib. be | 2 ’ THE ANTIQUITIES OF ORISSA, BY RA’JENDRALA‘LA MITRA, LL, D. VoutumeE II. *.* Containing detailed descriptions of the Temples of bhava y ted, Pari af Canarac, It extends to about 210 pages folio, and is illustrated with sixty photographs and lithographs. - — 2 2 we oe oe OR * Pe LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE prstatic POCIETY OF PENGAL, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER. & 57 anp 59, LupGate Hii, Lonpon, E. C. - BIBLIOTHECA INDICA, Sanskrit Series. Ohaitanya-chandrodaya, Nata, STACI. Seiki ps eb es tele sanse bene ea eeeee tie Srauta Sitra, As‘valayana, 11 fasci. @eaveees seeevee Be eeeevueeeeseeeeseeneee see Latyayana, 9 fasci... @eese cee eeeeeeoseeeeeeeeeeee eeneee seoeeaesr i % S’ankara Vijaya, 3 fasci. e@seeesesese eeeesee re eoereeee Cees eesseeoeeeeeseeeeeseeeees Dasa-rapa, 3 fascl... eeeoe ecoeoenveuceeveepeeeeeeseen ee ee eeee Ceeveeee eeeeeoeee ae Kaushitaki Brahmanopanishad, 2 fasci. ee @e8eeoe @eeeeeee ee eeevees ees eeeeeeeens Sankhya-sara, 1 fasci. seeee eesteeGoe epeeeeep Ceeeeee eeeseeeeh besveee Cee ere CF FEES E Lalita-vistara, 6 fasci. SPCR RO CESK OE DESEHHEHR ee SHEETS SEKHHHRE SH EEO HD Taittiriya Brahmana, 24 fasci. sevcevee crcccene cous vosccccesscene vevsen se ay. Taittiriya Saihita, 31 fasci. BO CO ee RHO e CHF H EH BHCC EHS FHT HEHE PERO ES HHO eee Taittiriya Aranyaka, Il fasci. OOS oes DOOR O HES SERS CECH RTOS Fee eed CHseeons es - Maitri Upanishad, 3 fasci. TERE EET EE Eee eee ee a ae ee As‘valayana Grihya Sutra, 4 fasci.......+.+. cere eee ee ee ee ee Miméisa Darsana, 14 fasci... Pe eeSF SEBS See Fee CEH EH HHTEHOHEHH CEO HHS OEEE Tandya Brahmana, 19 fasci. 1.00. cevsence cencenee eves cravcscese seensves Gopatha Brahmana, 2 fasci. eseeeere ee eseoe ee oveeeeseseeeesevese oF FCS CHEB ty Atharvana Upanishads, d fasci. OR ORC He ORE TEES CHSHHOHHE HSH SEEKS S OHOF CHES i Purana, 14 fasci. eeeseeee eeetoeeee seoseee ceeveeeseS ceoee seeeee ee ee e8 oder i. Agni fa, . { Sama Veda Sanhita, 37 fasci. Beek hee Cee eee AEM HE Cees SEER SHO HOKE CHOSE EES on Gopala Tapani, 1 fasci... seeeeee@ sees ee sceenpee eevee Ceveese steeeeee ©eeeeees oe - Nrisinha Tapani, 3 fasci. etesoese eeseeeeS ceoeseese seoeeee ceee seseeees ee eeeveg ‘Chaturvarga Chintémani, 36 fasci......... Cees ceorees ecvoee sees eeeeseeeee bene Gobhiliya Grihya Sutra, 10 fasci. oe eoeceeee eeeoeaeneeee seee0eee £©080888 8 628889 Pifigala Chhandah Sétra, 3 fasci... ++.» COOO OCC OOOH ed EK Se COCO He AES EET O OS Taittiriya Pratis’akhiya, 3 fasci. TCR UY Ck oY ee ee a ee ee Prithiréj Rasu, by Chand Bardai, 4 fasci.......4. Ceeweecectve vectseee e@ecves Réjatarangini, te Ree EOS CES CEES PHOS CORE SETTER HHE CELE HHHH CHHF 2HHO COCR Mahabharata, vols. IIL. and TV., CEO HH Ree eeHOS Cheese SHRe HEPES CUES CHO8 : Purina ‘Sangraha, eeeeeesesee C8etEe FeeFeeeseseseese CeeeeeeS Ceeeee £0488 8SEH Pali Grammar, 2 fasci.......00% Terr eee eee ee ee ee Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, 5 fasci. eee eee cee eee Cee he ee eens ee tere Ohhandogya Upanishad, English, 2 fasci.....+.+ese0e oo eeeeee sesene eeseeses Safikhya Aphorisms, English, 2 fasci. ...0c..ssseece sesteesesesccece seevne ‘Sahitya Darpana, English, 4 fasci......+06 ee eee eee CORO OEH CHEE HES es enrese Brahma Sitra, English, sees eeee sees seeeee CeeeeseeSseeneeee seveeeses cenene 3 Katantra, 6 fasci. eseseeeeseeseeeeeveeeesveseeeeeeeee ceoseceeee se aeseeee sesese ‘Kamandakiya Nitisara, 4 fascl. (Fasci. 1, out of stock.) ecco ee vest neee even Bhamati, 8 fasci. se sees es reese seeseeeseeseece ese ee see ee eseweeevese GOSH 888808 Aphorisms of Sandalya, English, Fasci. his eee ee BECO COOe HOH OES CHeH HORE Oe Vayu Purana, 6 fasci. pe we hee eee eRe ee PH ROE EH CHET ESHEETS OO FOES OOFORR CE88 ‘Katha Sarit Ségara, English Translation, 6 Fasci..... .++00s @teeceve escecese CO. SCcOnphPh PCOS ® a) bo. OaocaNnvQreNPRP KE Oe KE CORN RPK ON KF OW DOF KH ONE AON WO—e eH oD oncom fe] Arabic & Persian. Series, Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms, 20 fasci,, completo, ...ceses eesseuns RS Risalah-i-Shamsiyah, (Appendix to Do. Do.),) .scces csccec cevesceu cones Fihrist Tiisi, 4 fasci. Ce eee eee eee eee Bee wee CRB OTHE BHO Hes BO ee es BHeeEweD Nukhbat-ul-Fikr, eeovese Ceseeneeee eeee eevee e @eee estes e aeeeese Cetees Ceene eee08 Futah-ul-Shim, Waqidi, 9 fasci. @seevpeo ceee eevee e eeeesee Beesees €02888888 CHS Futiéh-ul-Sham, Azadi, MC TAEGLS ch ote Gd Nib Wiebe bd a kianle sihdts Wak ee Wait Riss. kieiee Maghazi of Waqidi, 5 fasci. @escvvev @eeeeev e882 Ceeeeeee seeee Ceee seseoeeee e688 Isabah, 28 fasci., with supplement, e@eecvre@eeco e@e@88eeeee ceeeeeaceeewbese eee eee ee Darth ecco - © escoscemsocoeosce (e* PROCEEDINGS at " ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. | EDITED BY : | JHE FLONORARY PECRETARIES. No. IL. FEBRUARY, 1881. | Lf MLL BOLLE BATTLES ELL LL a ; Sg Jun yeereres ; Pee ae eras | , PIS es. Ph The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia: and | | within these limits its inquiries will be extended to whateveris performed by | | man or produced by pature.’—Siz WILLIAM JONES. 4 rupees. 8 annas. 1 anna. 1s. ays ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, sevveeses vgusce cen esene corse ses Past, PRICE PER NUMBBR, vciee sesercseetsnensensen tenner ees © PospaGw iN INDIA (ADDITIONAL), s+e soossessesesere ess PRICE IN ENGLAND, sicverssessesee coe sec cesaee cocerseerns ‘The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Jowrnal, the annual volume of which +3 dividedinto two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science; each part is |separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each ‘| part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the dast page of cover. *,* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc., to whom all orders for these works are to be addressed in India: or, wm London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 67 & 59, Ludgate Hull, _ N. B.—In order to enstire papers being road at any monthly Meeting of the poet they should be m the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. SR en Reane hit abet mre rear. r ES gO Eat CALCUTTA : PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIO SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. 1881. vey! CONTENTS. ce Annual Meeting .. dUb Ss Cs s'ngynes Ghis Con's bss esa viva sich vatany Conte eRe 21 Annual Report ae 1880... ninegit ha vas say nde veh Welw yep ue Pec aneen eee ab. President’s Address... : SE ST A et Pe 37 Monthly General Meoting f fey * February. Presentations............... eft inset ac Rhy ais pee he ha Figs pe erty. Election of Mepberk c. poee enh ona ener ee ES ae Exhibition of Coins... sBYres tose Lena seltarvieasaiesia nes oot eR ee 39 Exhibition of Thecriptions Fohtchrawhny dak aaeepuvemeas tis Saye ih ores | nel Ree ABE. > Paper— 1, The Phenomenon ek called the “ ne of Tin,’ ee J.C. Dovaeuas..........., Now Ready. THE ANTIQUITIES OF ORISSA, BY BAJENDRALALA MITRA, LL.D, __ ms VoLume II. * *,* Containing detailed descriptions of the Temples of r Bhuyaeaee : Puri and Canarac, It extends to about 210 pages folio, and is illustrated — with sixty photographs and lithographs, i: 4 ° ae +. Puwecnes tee See nesces | ibe Rabhary give. ccc orca ere Was welder 44 a eee a ee a ee oe ay ate oy ~ ee Sa Se fees ee Seer Ny¢ Saas. ‘ red q bh A Me _ wr. ee he 5, 4 a2 -e- a . oY SL. ~ ae es fal “Weg ee ee en ee! sabia Ge eT re hy ys ¥ e ‘ ; 7) 2 x LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE LIBRARY OF THE prsiatic SOCIETY OF PENGAL, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & 57 anp 59, Lupeate Hin, Lonnon, E. C. BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. OChaitanya-chandrodaya, Nataka, 3 fasci... ..cces sec ce ccecee cede cosceves RS; _Srauta Satra, eT TEAS UT ag GAN Fs ee oa aig Ge The ath rine rn Beey ta Daina "Latyayana, 9 fasci. ®eeeee eeeeeees Ceeeeeeeeseeeoee Cees ee seeeeeeed “Prankata Vijaya, 8 tnach es eevee Sve tee seeceP se webet eave veewawt sues’ - Daéa-rapa, 3 fasci. Se eees seseeeseS FF ORSeSS eeeesee reso sesee sseeeseee cevsesese ee Kaushitaki Brahmanopanishad, 2 fascl. “2. cs. tecovces cecsocescceceusecase ‘Saénkhya-sara, 1 fasci. @eeese eevevnee eeeeee Cbeeeese Beever easee eeteeese scevseee seesee ee ‘Lalita-vistara, 6 fasci. eevrtvwevpeeeseeseeee Ceeeeeeeteaeseesseeee bees eeese eee asened _ Paittiriya Brahmana, 2 24 fasci. eee ee er rk he ee ee ee | Taittiriya Saihita, él fasci. *®@eeeeseesveee sceeeee seevesee seeeeeee sceeeee eee Taittiriya Aranyaka, 11 fasci. COCO meee ETOH EHE ODEO e CHET OHHE BHeveee Ceeeeese -Maitri Upanishad, 3 fasci. CCPH CATH CHEE HEE EHD VO Serer e re eeee Bette eh Oe OEEe As’valayana Grihya Satra, 4 fasci. eowpeeteosvpeeeeseese seeaeseeee eevee eseeeee en ee , Mimai nsé Darsana, 14 fasci. See ee ee ee ee eo Ye 0 - Téndya Brahmana, 19 fasci. @eeseeee @C8eeeee PS CeeseeeeGS sevsseacerveeeeese sees sane - Gopatha Brahmana, 2 fasci. eeoeceoe Ceeovevere eves espeeeceseeseeseereoeeeeeeee sesee Atharvana Upanishads, 6 fasci. COOH BECHDESS COLE OTOH OFEe OdHHED BHER OEES Cor anes Pe THRU CE re CeCe CRC AW OEUS ee ERE Eee eek eee eee ee ee ee ee 37 fasci. @eeeoaeeee cease ese @e2# eee Ceeeeeeseeesee seee seeee ees Gopéla Tapani, 1 fas ETA POPES VELLA RAT PIONS CURE EER AEE ER CRE ORL IES _ Nrisifiha Tapani, 3 fasci. seeseeoeoe se cesceeeBG ceeesese sesusee seve seeeeeeeeeseevsge _ Chaturvarga Chintamani, 36 fasci. *@eesoeee CCeeeeeeese eeeesneeeeeeeeeeeneen esos ee ety ane 10 fasci. 6 PERC Oe Oe Coos Cee nes ceesee Heseeeee eeoeee Chhandah Sitra, 3 fasci. $2 POF EOH 0008 CHOOT H Corson Be ee ee OH He OH Es OF " Waittiriya PestieSkniya, 3 fasch. COCOFO EE OH OFT OSD DESH EH eee ee Re SHEE OHEE HO _ Prithiraj Rasu, by Chand Bardai, 4 fasci. Pe OC OF Oe eee ee Ph eee cee eeese eeeeee ” 2 Translation, Part IT, 1 fasci. eseeoe ee ceeevee beeseeveee seceeere - Raj atarangini, . 05 OS FOO HOH OOH Ee CHS CECE H ES HHH ERHS CHES OORe CeEe “Mabébbérata, vols. IIL. and IV., Seeteses ceoeeseeeG cesese seen seeeee 0808 £808 _ Purana Sangraha, obo Bee He CHRO CO Fe OOO HOES Hebe seOe sereee sesesese Péli Grammar, 2 fasci. ee eneeopee ee eeceeseeee C8 SSER CHF SPSC eeseeeseseeree en eeeeese Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, 5 fasch. ssecee seeves seveveeesscece cess _ Ohhandogya Upanishad, English, 2 fasci. TEC Mee ee ee ya Aphorisms, English, 2 fasci. Teer eee eee eee _ Sahitya Derpana, English, 4 fasci. COCO R OH Sete eee CORE OEES Beneeeee sessesed Brahma Sitra, English, SeCOCCEH COOH CHEE HD CHELHCHOH SESE EFS CHEESES SEREE®D ” Katantra, 6 fasci. asaevovseGCrvenepeasveeeeeeseeeveeeseeeeseceeseeee ee eespeee see eee Bee Kamandakiya Nitisara, 4 fasci. (Fasci. 1, out of stock.) eceeeeee seeeeeee esse zs 7 Bhamati, 8 fasci. eseeecvoetoweaeeeseeeeeseeeseeseevpeseeeeeesReoeeseeeseese ee eseeeee ne Aphorisms of Sandalya, English, Fasci. 1. COCO CHHEEHEe Bee ees Ceseeese es ae Vayu Purana, 6 fasci. eesecs Sere ee 68 OOOO oe 6868 Oe Oe Oh eee Chee ee Fees es Kathé Sarit Sagara, English ‘Translation, 6 Fash, sicsivsssss eeeeeee speesces CO. PRD ROOCOCOD — APO T™=™ POO Prakrit Lakshanam, fasci. 1 EM Bt MMR oe ACW RP EPCS eK ee nD oe een cot Nirukta, 2 fasci eeeecueseee eeseeeee seeenvene eteetaesvee C82 CSR Cees Arabic & Persian Series, Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms, 20 fasci., COMPLCLE, sss. ee ss vcecevee RS. Risalah-i-Shamsiyah, (Appendix to Do. Do.), Fihrist Tiisi, 4 fasci. CH CCM eee CH RF Rees Betws s CHR HOS Ceeeee wees Sea BéneseEs Nukhbat-ul-Fikr, eeesees cease ewes eee se Matob-ul-Sham, VW igidi, 9 aabin tees ls 35 eed se oN oa ola Rais b's Voie ep nick a oatnene Futih-ul-Sham,' Azadi, 4 fascis.. ccc cece e cee eee MAOUAAEOR WV AAL, D TASC hs0 letig esr Ete dide tebe veer tes La coe tw eames Isabah, 28 fasci.; with supplement, Partch =1- Pe AY PT TaBCE i Fah oye a eg aregal die vine ele PAN ob wel e eae en eae Partkh-i-Baihaqi, complete in 9 fascii “i275 oases a cece acs oa cs ayuecceueen Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh, vols. I. IL. and TT., complete 1 in 16 fasci. AP AS YO SeeIN My ABBOT. oS sas eas eae DU Tee eee EE ta el ela uel ke Lee REE Iqbalnamah-i-Jahangiri, complete in 8 fasci. ‘Adampimnamah 13 fasci swith Wes 5,025 gg ake pda 'e ee tha ip aie bee Padshahnamah, 19 fasci., ’ with index, sie t Ryley sabe haw Bee re Se eee Re aed Muntakhab-ul- Lubsb, by Khafi Khan, 19 fasci., with re Ain-i-Akbari, Persian text, 410,22 fascisccies ay ses s in gece tee bee Ain-i-Akbari, English translation by H. Plochmann, M. i‘ “vol, i Farhang-i-Rashidi, 14 tascL,*comi plete, Fs ches cok oecaegens ore bik Wee cetinte ae aes Nizami's Khiradnémah-i-Iskandari, 2 fagGis completes iss) ewe ehh tee eae Akbarnimah, 17 fasci. with Tadex. XO AAP he eereee etree e ee ee eeese eevee eee eeeemeeereag epaeevee eeeeese seeeaeeee eeeseoa seeeseeee eeeees CHF EHR CHP e Bee Oe eeepeeneeeoee eee ease Maasir-i- *Klampiri, by Muhammad Saqi, complete, 6 fasci., with index, apes ces Ges Haft Asman, history of the Persian Masnawi,.. 0. oh .e.csvas cede as seis ee dees Tabaqat-i-Naciri, English translation, by Raverty, 10 fasci. .... Tabaqat-i-Naciri, Persian text, 5 fascil. ....... History of the Caliphs, (English Translation,) 6 fasci. we ee tee e ereeee seeeneee MISCELLANEOUS. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal from vols. XII to XVII, 1843-48, — vols. XIX to XX, 1860-51, to Subscribers at Re. 1 per number and tots non-subscribers at Re. 1-8 per number; vols. XXVI, XXVIT, 1867-58, and ~ vols. XXXITI to XLVILI, 1864-79, to Subscribers at 1-8 per number and 3 ; non-subscribers at Rs, 2 per number. Asiatic Researches, vols. VII. to XI. and vols. XVII. to XX, each, ...,Res. Do. oO. Index, eeeeee ee Pe ee eee e BEATER Rees BEG Heese h OE Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata, ovis sre ccesecse vesveyes vbeosd seeeueWe of Aad i Pose Meee ss AS Deas ea "FibOtan LICHOHALY, cave sect ae bers ces 8 o:4e tule hojace le uele'gnearewabes weap anenn Grammar, .. Fa ye ee ROY BUCS oe PPPOE? Fee See Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts, LE fAG01.: oo 5 weckete Cel ds Ciatae akek ws eee Tstilahat-i-Safiyah. Edited by Dr. A. Sprenger, 8vo. oe oe Cee ee ee pease eee te Jawami’ ul-’ilm ir-riyazi, 168 pages with 17 plates, 4to. ..s.00 cesees veee ate’ Aborigines of India, by B. H. Hodgson, Sie ici vp * & 58 e's 0 oe 2h 05 Pace ee Examination and Analysis of the Mackenzie Manuscripts, by the Rev. W. Taylor, Han Koong Tsew, or the Sorrows of Han, by J. Francis Davis, oh betiy te auton Pine a Commentary on the Hidayah, Vols. IT. LV., .... ceca cven vesveces Analysis of the Sher Chin, by Alexander Csoma de Kirds, Curesecesete ctubea | Khazanat-ul-’ilm, eveceoevee@ oevpseseaeeseeseee@eceeveneereee ee eaeseeeeevpeseeseeeeepesee ee te Sharayat-ul-Islam, Sb ee s)ets ere a wis e@eeece @eeeee eoeceavpeevee eepeeese ee eeee ee OQeeeeee eg Anis-ul- Musharrihin,.. eseeas eee eee Pees eese eases Q@eeraeee geeves Catalogue Raisonné of ‘the Society's Sanskrit MSS. Part i @ Grammar,.... cesses Moore and Hewitson’s Descriptions of New Indian Lepidoptera, Part I, with 3 Coloured Plates, ereeeeee Ceoeesetse Beeeeseee C6 oeee Cease se @eetvese seer wee Cees eee ee Beh eee eee eee e® eeeseeee ol to or * to « Dewonk Sows = fe — ae — a oh = - 0 © 4 ~~ SU OHE SCHR DLE oOo DPHHOk RH Ord _ _— fina WRAORSOHAHRHESSOHS ie = He CO *. aa ¢ “Oa — ef me it eeeeeonsosossooseso> S * . ? et s i » “f ang Tae — y Bt * aay woe wi ge ae ee Phy cs ae (e* PROCEEDINGS 3 OF THE | ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. | EDITED BY | JHE JEONORARY Deas aera as. . No. we Lincs 1881. —— SY Mtb, Wie ATIC SOCIETY CALC UTTA* => | - ©The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia: and | within these limitsits inquiries will be extended to whateveris performed by man or produced by nature.” —Si1r WILLIAM JONES. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, siccoccssscesersersseee soocssvee 4 FUpPCES, - Prick PER NUMBER, ..... F Wetiioiesres tart NOCenaa. Postace in INDIA (Apprrionat), nso sd Shroghe Votan ose) hy IVER. GIO EN MONGEANY. ccc cals c eee ray oth hep a'csinun. Seateaee agave eos . tae The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as. possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Jowrnal, the esl volume of which is dividedinto two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science; each part is separately paged ‘and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for saie at the rates given on the last page of cover. *,* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proveedings may be sent tite cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc., to whom alt orders for these works are to be addressed in India; or, mw London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 57 J 59, Ludgate Hill. N. B.—In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. totes As 1881. a) —_ CONTENTS. Page Monthly General pi COP MARCH. sc vcscke roug cdeats cotgpe elcwes ovaries 49 Presentatinnes oh tie teres oes teh chess epaae va ae cto aot Reve tenes 1b. Election of Mean be EVR RE re ebb tes see tas dn oe eats 50 Coins acquired under the vcneace ‘Troyes hee Ncevestves sot ss eaten? ib. Awans resident in the Salt Range...,....... ; PiicWs Soctiva me. ab Papers— 1, A short note on the Shrines of Sitékund in Chittagong.—By Apuark Lit Sex, Deputy Collector of Jessore, rg! of Chittagong. (Abstract)... bl A list of Earthquakes Roel in Seer cht ‘the. Aa 1880. Seg Communicated by the Meteorological Reporter to the ~ Government of Bengal. (Only Title)... yes ib. ite 3. On the Coins of Charibael, king of the Homanice aaa ee —By Masor W. F. Proogavx, F. R. G. §., Bombay Staff — Corps. (Abstract)... take 4b. Bed : 4, Comparative Table of the conjubationg sf othe baie aibeamare in Hastern Hindi.—By G. A. Grierson, C.8. (Only Title). 52. On a New Find of Early Muhammadan Coins of Bengal.— By Dr. A. F.R. Horrntz. (Abstract)... a0. 1 Some Observations on the Standing of Aone the Pascuene Birds and the Walking Pace of Man.—By J.C. Dovatas. 58 7. Last of Diurnal Lepidoptera inhabiting the Nicobar Islands,— ; By J. Woov-Mason, Deputy Superintendent, Indian Mu- Ot oe seum, and L. pg. Nice’vittEe. (Abstract).........cec... sec seeees | ry Ot aes AA EO AS ETE re gh toy DOS re oR ee Now Ready. THE ANTIQUITIES OF ORISSA, BY RA’JENDRALA’LA MITRA, LL. D. Votvume II. *,* Containing detailed descriptions of the Temples of Bhuvaneswara Puri and Canarac. It extends to about 210 pages folio, and is illustrated with sixty photographs and lithographs. LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE LIBRARY OF THE prsiatic POcIETY OF PENGAL, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & 57 and 59, Lup@atre Hitt, Lonpon, E. C. et BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. 50 oe alata 3 TANS ee goes c's eel ce Onis «bre UN es Cae kay f Srauta Sutra, mie Veloviin. UE fant e. Us bee ies Chee e OF TRL eb eks he cheee eal ie Latyayana, 9 fasci. *eeeeoepeeeveeeaepeaespeep eevee eeseeee ©Ceeveseeeeseeesns S’ankara Vijaya, 3 fasci. eeseesepeee peeves ce cerese Seseeeveep ceseevpeeeee eeeeese $ MEMEMLI A THOCE SS "a alae cc's to ta bos HEE es CRUE Ce CME eb chetd cece ak seeeseeeevees SreeGueniaki Dralmanopanishad, 2 fa8Ch > Wis o Ramin, 6 fasci. . es eeeereseee Ceee eeeeee C8Feesn CF ee Cees stan eees Sees SEBS Iqbélnémah-i-Jahéngiri, complete in 8 fasci. @ees esses Ceeeee ©eseeeee sees 888 *Alampirnamah, 13 fasci., with index, ......,cceevece cesses Padshahnamah, 19 fasci., with index, eecvece Ge pesos @Oseenee eee seosees see8 Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, by Khafi Khan, 19 fasci., with ne tied anaes ter eee Ain-i-Akbari, Persian text, 4to., 22 fasci.. 9 Bey ES cee etenbuwe ciepus Ain-i-Akbari, English translation by H. Blochmann, “M. st “Yol. i; Farhang-i-Rashidi, 14 fasci. , complete, .. Seem e meee reer ee eeee seth eees Nizémi's Khiradnémah-i-Iskandari, 2 fasci. ‘complete, Akbarnamah, 17 fasci. with Index, 2... oi sees us sevscees ce elhe wie eer eee Maasir-i-’ Alamgiri, by Muhammad Saqi, coniplete, 6 fasci., with ‘index, vecetbee Haft Asman, history of the Persian Masnawi,..... SR we eh tay BS cueeevevewe Tabaqit-i-Naciri, English translation, by Raverty, 10 fasci. Tabaqat-i-Naciri, Persian text, 6 fasci. .......... ca shee ceeeee cousee eeveee History of the Caliphs (English Translation), 6 fasci. *eeee aeeeeee se eeeteee aeeeetee @eseessegess ceeeenese MISCELLANEOUS. = i) acwn oO Om WOR © Wt Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal from yols. XII to XVII, 1843-48) — vols. XIX to XX, 1850-51, to Subscribers at Re. 1 per number and to non-subscribers at Re. 1-8 per number; vols, XX VI, XXVII, 1857-58, and © vols. XX XIII to XLVIII, 1864-79, to Subscribers at 1-8 per number and to non-subscribers at Rs, 2 per number. Asiatic Researches, vols. VII. to XI. and vols. XVII. fo XX. each, .,..Rs. Do. Do. Index, eevevepesee@ eeseeeve © ceeeeseee €eeveeese Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata,....... Dan be sepeecewccVenuse ceuene eeesnan of Arabic and Persian Manuscripts, ....sc00 ssvvvtoe sees vavess cece Tibetan Dictionary, eoe one seoeee esemreseese CHESTS S CHHHEHKRES BASES Sevene Grammar, .. eB HS on0.s “evible bmg. 6 laeS 0b Boe see 6a le. aie Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts, 14 fasci. ULES EI RPT Pe TE) Istilahat-i-Safiyah. Edited by Dr. A. Sprenger, BVO. wee cevewnee sessessere Jawami’ ul-’ ilm ir-riy4zi, 168 pages with 17 plates, 4to. Coeeee ceocvge sense pene " Aborigines of India, by B. H. Hodgson, .... Han Koong Tsew, or the Sorrows of Han, by J. Francis Davis, ........++-. ’Inéyah, a Commentary on the Hidéyah, Vols. T1. TV., 1... 2.05 seus esecuene ren i of the Sher Chin, by Alexander Csoma de Karés, EE are ey Khazanat-ul-’ilm, esotcevuevaceseseoese es G@ueeeeeseeeee ee eeoeeereeseeeeteeneve e eevespen Sharayat-ul-Islam, eeeseseesesseeoee @8eees 26.9 89 ave 89/68 85 a) ca’? 0 em ee ee, eee Anis-ul-Musharrihin, .....+ 00+. 0. ee see esese @eoeese @8P8e08 £68888 Catalogue Raisonné of the Society's Sanskrit MSS. Part I, Grammar, .... sseses Moore and Hewitson’s Descriptions of New Indian Lepidoptera, Part I, with 3 Coloured Plates, CU e ee eee CERRO Re HELE OES DEDHHECE COOROOER COREE EED Bree eseoece eeesesen 4 Examination and Analysis of the Mackenzie Manuscripts, by the Rev. W. Taylor, 1 - DR AORMOAe Poe 255 SCWORHOOHMH ANH os > ce eters mo — woccors —=— —_ _— © ecescoeosmeoeosoosocecosc . * § ? gin te PROCEEDINGS PRY OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JHE JEONORARY PECRETARIES. No. IV. APRIL, 1881. Ms LN NLL NE BEN FLT Ba ‘ _ niu MTL Mila DALs Fi -- - fy d 1A a Mth ah ab a BERS x SSS OES SS “The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia: and within these limits its inquiries will be extended to whateveris performed by man or produced by nature.” —Sirz WILLIAM JONES. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, ...scesserscvecvarcoose cosccsees 4 rupees, PAICR BOR EN UB Mies a5 f suai bavi dh sa vys tebe eOy daca’ OC NOMS: PostaGE IN INDIA (ADDITIONAL), ... ..0-.csseceesepeee L anna, PRIOR EN ENGLAND. os (asc tosh iroe AE as add Werses te tieo aka. 2 The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- | ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of | the Jowrnal, the annual volume of which is dividedinto two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the | last page of cover. } . *,* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the“Honorary Secretaries, Asiatie Soc., to whom all orders for these | works are to be addressed im India; or, m London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Tribner and Co., 57 F 59, Ludgate Hill. -N. B.—In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA: * PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. Bs \s , 1881. Kk ee CONTENTS. Page Monthly General Meeting for April...........06e6 ce ceccse cee ceceee sen ens 6L Col. J. Sconce and Major H.S. Jarrett Scrutineers........0.0...00..0.. ib. Presentations... ...saccee:e+ ence Pa Fly TS Sora ey L pet feds sus 63 Election of Members... Siet Seve tsar rabies casa mcowe 64 Coins acquired under ie ESS Page. Act. rate te ab. Mr. H. F. Blanford exhibited abit itis of the Van ae Meteorograph.... Am maT ON tee LIS OS 65 Papers— 1. On the Ralationd of Cloud and Rainfall to Temperature in India and on the opposite variations of Density in the Higher and Lower Atmospheric Strata —By H. F. Buan- FoRD, F. R. S., Meteorological Reporter to the Govern. __ ment of India (Abstract)... aed tet aan 2. Description of a Raingauge wih Hi vepotnear fhe eae “tae 3 secluded stations, with a Plate—By H. F. Buanrorp, F.R.S., Meteorological Reporter to the Government of India , (Abstract)... 76 3. On some Genulonienane Taneeus: chonsiee ‘6 tie Ebopal downs Genera Huripus and Penthema from India and Burmah.—By — J. Woop-Mason, was ee Ga Indian Museum. (Title only)... eeeses ral OB. | TT * 4. A list of Butterflies alent in acho in rR Octebe 1880 ithe noise Si on habits, &c.—By Lionren DE Nicr’viuus. (Title miache ab. TADEALY ic grtancee sacks vice ones iaeseecenats cee Meee rete seek ak nee rae am a ab. Now Ready. THE ANTIQUITIES OF ORISSA BY RA,JJENDRALA’LA MITRA, LL. D. VoutumeE II. *,* Containing detailed descriptions of the Temples of Bhuvaneswara Puri and Canarac, It extends to about 210 pages folio, and is illustrated with sixty photographs and lithographs. | J 7" - a iS i = LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE LIBRARY OF THE prstatic SOCIETY OF PENGAL, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & 57 anp 59, Lupeatm Hitz, Lonpon, E. C. BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. uate noehandrodnys, Nataka, 8 fasci.. wee aah da De aoe ve! PES oe wa oe | Srauta Sutra, As’valayana, 1]fasci. 6... ...00 cceteeee eeccee Segoe aere Coens —_—_——. Latyayana, 9 fasci.. © ewe sc eeeeees eeee sere sseseese eeesew eeeseees S’ankara Vijaya, 3 fasci. CCPH eerste ese sese ee Beeeee Fees esee Hoe eee eee eeenes TRL BROR iis WCE Sy Cua dpw ses 'le gate eases eeseneee beeeens eeee Kaushitaki Brahmanopanishad, 2 fasci. ...... ...00e SMe Las SR gee Cas : Sankhya-sara, 1 fasci. @eeeseecevovevpe eee@eee €e#eeeee sees eoene ®@ eevee ©eeeee ee eeeene x Lalita-vistara, 6 fasci. @eevecee peeseone @ eearesree es acess esee eeeseeeee se snse ee »” 33 Translation, 1 fasci. @eeoeee @npeeeS Ceoeeeeseseeue este vese essen eeeeee Taittiriya Bréhmana, 24 fasci, @eseesveee sceaeseeesee €hee ©eeeseeee eee seee seeuneee se Taittiriya Safhita, 31 fasci. CO Bove nse see seen es seaveee © teers ee seeete evee Taittiriya Aranyaka, Il fasci. @eee eevee eeeeeaee eaves eeees ee ee see ees eevee e ee - Maitri Upanishad, 3 fasci. eevee Ss ed eresee eevee @ ee ceeeee ere ceee crease ee esee As’valayana Grihya Sutra, 4 fasci. ORO seeeee seeees ee seeees eeeeeeeeeereseos Mimais & Darsana, 15 fasci. eo ee ese eeeeee eS aesesee CHF eeesesateee seesed 8888 : Tandya Brahmana, 19 fasci. @eenpeeo eeevee ee eens eeee eeeeoseeee ceereen Cees Bees Gopatha Brahmana, 2 fasci. eeeoeee te esree ee eee ese eHeseese ee ee Feseeeee osee ; P Atharvana Upanishads, 6 fasci. CO POH Ee OHH EOEES CECE HEHE CHOSE Bee eae DHSS BHee Agni Purana, EA TASOM Os ace ee CORO COCO Het eee Bee eee HESS He eEee ees testes Sama Veda Sanhita, 37 fasci. He ee Coes Heres eee ese eeue sees seer uses sevesens Gopala Tapani, | fasci. Pe COCO ORES PEEK OH BHT HS CHES CEL HOe LECH HEES BEOEEEEe OO Nrisinha Tapani, 3 fasci. Pee OOOH COLO HHEH CEFR CERES COOH OER OEEE PH EES EED Chaturvarga Chintamani, ONE ats peng see Cece SRE ENCES 4 _ Gobhiliya Grihya Sutra, 12 fasci. eeeeseeseeee eeee ese eee eeeee8 88 eeoeee eeeeee Pifigala Chhandah Satra, 3 fasci. ee meee he COO CEH EHO EGC eee HHO EH BESO SHEE SS be Taittiriya Pratis’ akhiya, 3 fasci. *eeesoseeoecere sess eeese seeeees SeEeeeeee seseeeees oe Prithiraj Rasu, by Ra HERAT LS TASCl Vas sg eh wieeae severe cedudne Caemas os a eo Seer PTGMOIO cn tre eter ves eho cede dige ciaes Rajatarangini, Mahabharata, wel: “Tit. ahd Te S@eeveoeeesec cesses eeeeseees eeen sere €866 ©8868 . mee Sangraha, eeeseescvespe eevee e eee eeeeseeeeeeee ceseeeese veovseese ceeeeseee 4li Grammar, 2, fasci. . eeeeeceepeeeevee@ €eseoee eereee @eeereeeeesee ese eevee Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, 5 fasci. RURRS erate’ © eek tbe tet OLE Chhandogya Upanishad, Wnglish, 2 fasci....... ++ sees seeeevce sees cvesees Sankhya Aphorisms, English, 2 fasci. eesee@eeeeeseeee eneeeee Ge ©eeneeee ©6086 08 Sahitya Darpana, English, 4 fasci. CeO OOS Feat wees CHEE OOH DESEO EE Seseeeese Brahma Siatra, English, eeeeeeoee eeeesseeeee eeeeeeeesevoseeee ee eeeeeees eeeeee Katantra, 6 fasci. esesveeoe@Grve ee eeeeseeepeeeeverereeeee seeesseevpe ee eseeee eeeeee Kamandaktiya Nitiséra, 4 fasci. (Fasci. 1, out of stock.) Sav ie be batts oF badunuine Bhamati, 8 fasci. . sees epeuvuveee ee een eeseeeoeseeeaeepeee Seeeaereeeeeeee eens ve 4 Aphorisms of Sandalya, English, “Raggi: L, CoO FeS COT OTEe Cee ees ese eee ee Vayu Purana, 6 fasci. es ee eeee eee Pe eee se ee ee Oe EHH Oe Fee Bee ees eee , 7 Kathé Sarit Ségara, English Translation, 7 Fasci. eee e ese es Chee Hee eseeseee Co. to > bo NMOoOoONWPORr NK KE ORY RK COR RE DK RE ND KEK OW OW RHR RF ONE DOO ew OHM ee One oo —_ CwoowmoocnrmrP PNR OOCOM Prakrit Lakshanam, fasci. L., SCOR COUP EH ES BEE ES HEP H TREE CHOKES HO Oe . Rs. Nirukta, 2 fasci ee eeee es eevee te eoseeens 1 eseseve ee Gees ese seeeeee e8eeee sevens 1 Arabie & Persian Series, Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms, 20 fasci., complete, ....0. 02 eeessees RS. 26 Risalah-i-Shamsiyah, (Appendix to Do. Do.), Fihrist Tiisi, 4 fasci. 9 ...02... Sieg ia tienen. EDS, ye Sere Been See Nukhbat-ul-Fikr, eeeteen Ceoeeeeee ecesee ease ene Bees Beenes . eo ewenwese eee esee Futtih-ul-Sham, Wadqidi, 9 fasci. t@eeeee sees sees es eee se seeeee CEST HEH HEE Futih-ul-Shim, Azadi, 4 fasci. oO OCR eC eee Beene es Lenses ee seen eese eeeoee esee MGR ASt OL WV AGiGl, O LEEOL is. Sores web, WARS CMa pee b CHks Cuee SnCk TCAD RENE Isébah, 28 fasci., with supplement, ..:..3 cevssvcscessees ‘NVA cutie Térikh-i-Firaz Shahi, 7 fasci. eetee es eevee e Choos Cees ee teow e eeeeneseeeseee eee Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, complete in 9 fasci. .....e05- Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh, vols. I. II. and IIL., compe in 15 fasci. AS G RtAATI WO PEARCI Ko wie Ss wet pak vie Re oN Igqbalnamah-i-J ahéngiri, complete i M0 SO 10SGl, Dace NVA Rha eae Ohi e ‘Mlamsimamah, 13 fasci., with index, A0vs ee weece (de 65 sis gles cas shreeee ous Padshahnémah, 19 fasci., ’ with index, ok Face tae hae Bre oak Se'bia oo areTRGita Ss eb hee Muntakhab-ul- Lubab, by Khafi Khan, 19 fasci., with wee Mbivii dn tese dee eee Ain-i-Akbari, Persian text, 4to,, 22 fasci. oa Se eRe Ain-i-Akbari, English injanslation by H. Blochmarin; M. ‘Ay, Rey ee v Seana Farhang-i-Rashidi, 14 fasci., complete,........ TTP EERE LITA CR ey Nizami’s Khiradnamah- i-Tekandarf, 2 fasci. complete, vara Ra ths py ite ee keene Akbarnamah, 17 fasci. with Index, .... ey Maasir-i-’ Alamgiri, by Muhammad Saqi, complete, 6 fascl:. with index, . ioe ene ae Haft Asman, history of the Persian Masnawi,. ny atses Tabaqat-i-Naciri, English translation, by Raverty, 10 fasci. MSP eee tet 5 0 Tabaqaét-i-Naciri; Persian text, 0 fasel. 0)... sce dl eie eek s eevee eds age; teann o) AS History of the Caliphs (English Translation), 6 fasci. 6 MISCELLANEOUS. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal from vols. XII to XVII, 1843-48, vols. XIX to XX, 1850-51, to Subscribers at Re. 1 per number and to non-subscribers at Re. 1-8 per number; .vols. XX VI, XXVIII, 1857-58, and vols. XX XIII to XLVIII, 1864-79, to Subscribers at 1-8 per number and to non-subscribers at Rs, 2 per number. Asiatic .Researches, vols. VII. to XI. and vols. XVII. to XX. each, ...,Rs. 1 Do, Do. BEST (cp heer ae LEST kp MER CP TERE Coe Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata,.......... PS EEO ee of Arabic and Persian Manuscripts, .... eo ba cbueieh ow tele cUih scares Tibetan Dictionary, eevee ee pee eee BAe FHSS CHER HE CHEHP Hees CHEB HOSS ceeeas 1 —— Grammar, eeesee se eee Cee e ene CEOS es Bee tases Bebesees Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripte, Ete eee ebay e's trae’ sle-d wo) ties at tus ga hve eee Istiléhat-i-Sufiyah. Edited by. Dr. As Sprenger, SV0. 5s pe ce cee e's sbee aweUe Jawaémi’ ul-’ilm ir-riy4zi, 168 pages with 17 plates, 4t0. wc... cess Aborigines of India, by B. H. Hodgson, .... tepisives@iees Examination and Analysis of the Mackenzie Manuscripts, by the Rev. W. Taylor, Han Koong Tsew, or the Sorrows of Han, by J. Francis Davis, ..... ‘Inayah, a Commentary on the Hidayah, Vols. II. IV., oo weap /a'0 8b da a 8 SR Analysis of the Sher Chin, by Alexander Osoma de Karos, eee viele eves ee eam Khazanat- ul-’ilm, eeeree cescaeereeeeReeoeeee serv ev eevee SH eeeeuene Sharayat- -ul-Islam, Seeeceere eH ee OHHH SEER MESTHHRS De eesaneseeeee be Beoeetees Anis-ul- Musharrihin, .. b bleiptinve.s oCee, e1ey 8) 6) bre.078\p0Cu, 00.6) 616 618.010 eS LO ae 8b 'p eoneee teaweee Catalogue Raisonné of the Society’s Sanskrit MSS. Part L Grammar. .... veanien Moore and Hewitson’s Descriptions of New Indian Lepidoptera, Part I, with 3 Coloured Plates, easeenwnseeeseeveeerese eeeeeere es BOC C Cee BRR SPECS Cette ee Cte e “~ see. ee eeenr ee ee J > . . wt Me worr SCowac wr OD COR RK ORE NODE ROORP NUS so 4 8 4 0 + 0 10 10 8 2 14° 6 10 6 gus 14 “Whe at 2. eG $>. Dea o- 12 x 4 ae ae =Q* * 0 4 Oo ei Pes 0 0. 0 oO Ae ae 3 | ete 0 5 A SoRasioey oit% 0 Oe Sie o* D r ar Sy (e* PROCEEDINGS xy OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JHE JIONORARY pPECRETARIES. No. V. MAY, 1881. ae” ae a pl ’ i ty WMA Dat Cag: MB Le NR De ES ME 2 re spire . Sea ey cm i) 9 Neat WN =) \\2 : . ine i ===] bk *¢ The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia: and ; within these limitsits inquiries willbe extended to whateveris performed by man or produced by nature.”—Si1r WILLIAM JONES. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, cicseeseeiessencevecees costerees 4. TUpCES, PRIM RERE NUMBUR.s crcotserskivasicaiscse (ibadbhedb egies. 0 ADNGB. PostaGE IN INDIA (ADDITIONAL), .......:.sseeeeeee0e 1 anna, PRICE IN ENGLAND, sieves ceeseeres POC see eeeees ears eagene 1s. a= The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Jowrnal, the annual volume of which is dividedinto two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *,* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc., to whom all orders for these works ave to be addressed in India; or, mw London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 57 5 59, Ludgate Hill. N. B.—In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. SK 1881. x Eel CONTENTS. Monthly General cit for gle oftec odds ce tetiye keen Presentations; 55 atacscsancsnvss chs Teseet bd wlaag tosh ee dd). paRaek pie aaa ab. Blection ‘of : Metibers:* i Sis (ovate Adidsiwel ec tivthans Pade die ccgecesenk 86 Appointment of Ghrmatiecs ee ee Table of predictions of Helipse of ths Sui: ‘May 16th, ‘17th, 1883. 88 Exhibition by Dr. Hoernle of Relics from Buddha Gaya ............ ab. Remarks by Mr. Ball on the above ........ 89 Remarks by Mr. Westland on old maps oe Calotites’ ani. Bengal exhibited ‘before the Hocwhy cise. Aivise fs ecdesaiah Soviets cose et ab. Remarks by Mr. Beverley on the above ..sssscssccsscessevectescveencss 90 Papers— J. On the Revenues of the Mughul Empire.—By H. G. Kens, C.S8. (Abstract)... EOE RET TECE fares sate co MO 2. On the origin of the Myth about Kcbisdnie: ay i: R. ey ab. Remarks by Mr. Westland on the above ..........05. 97 3. An account of the excavation of a mound called Toph: Di, near the village of Imadpur, in the Muzuffarpore District.— By J. E. Linexs, C. E. (Abstract)...... ba thie baa ¥esinav dh vee bo enb Fae EALTAE sh cyare te. hse rewapeves sey etane [Oheaee dete e A eanic eetae aie eae cane 99 Now Ready. THE ANTIQUITIES OF ORISSA, RA’JENDRALA‘LA MITRA, LL, 'D. Votume IT. *,* Containing detailed descriptions of the Temples of Bhuyaneswara Puri and Canarac. It extends to about 210 pages folio, and is illustrated with sixty photographs and lithographs. Saw on arta ry Pi 4 Pris . Paws Sh | LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE LIBRARY OF THE prsiatic SOCIETY OF PENGAL, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & 57 anp 59, Lupgate Hit, Lonpon, E. C. BIBLIOTHECA INDICA, Sanskrit Series. Chaitanya-chandrodaya, Nataka, 3 fasci... vssseccecectccvece sens coccseses lS Srauta utra, As’valayana, 11 fasci, ee eereee eeeeeeee seeeeeeees ene eeeeceeeose Latyayana, 9 fasci... COC e COOH OOOe CO OE OO ee Che O ee CHB es Beneneee S’ankara Vijaya, 3 fasci. COO Fhe CERF HH RET OHE CHR EHES BAe eee Bees aeeeee DasSa-ripa, ET ER eR Sy BNA C8 CORO OS CHF HD HHH CHRe Beet EH e Ceeeeeee oe - Kaushitaki Brahmanopanishad, 2 fasci. OR OOOO CEST CHTE HH BHT EES Ceeeee os eese i -Sankhya-sira, 1 fasci. CP OO EEE Ee BORRHS SEOHHS BERT EEES FOE H ED Heeene SHtEEEn® Lalita-vistara, 6 fasci. POPP RHO e CHKHHEOH CHLHHE HH ES HEHEHE HE Seseeeee taanseser ”? 98 Translation, 1 fasci. CORO COLHEE FETED Care ee CHeeeene seve sresee Shs Tai iriya Brahmana, CE TAU iota CEES EA Coe eed Demis pew ey Os UN MRA w ea crests Taittiriya Saihita, SIPABACLAALC Cemehheege.s ese bi vehes Vato Rds Coma muckeer cers Taittiriya Aranyaka, 11 fasci. COTS SESe CHER EE Beer BHLEOEHS CHF HEe Ceernses Maitri Upanishad, 3 fasci. COLE TO CIECHROS COT HHS FH REESE S CH UHR CoHrEs Oe 8e8e As’valayana Grihya Stitra, 4 fasci...sscesone Cece eee eteeee ee eeeeresesesese Miméisa Darsana, 15 fasCi.. ses e@eeeaeeseeeee eeeveeoe esos sees eeeesee ceee88 2888 Taindya Brahmana, EO SARCI Mesa oc erie coeed Vers bon cate cldasia toe bigne ee Beeateawe Gopatha Brahmana, 2 fasci. COR OCR CO EHEH EE OOD HO ROLE HORE ET HE ES CEE EOES BEBE Atharvana Upanishads, 5 fasci. CO POCO Oe CHET OT Ee CEEEHEHD CHC Ceenes Boer Dee Agni Purana, TA AARCIil Ss Weve bictegeree'seevbcwsed oeebied Sele evs ee os'ss aly bee's Sama Veda Sanhita, STH. coated ee dnp w ee Sesede VUEh Bese See etye Serere Ke Gopala Tapani, 1 fasci... eeeeeeee@ eenene eeeese @eeoe ceeeee ceepseeeee eeeee888 68 Nrisifha Tapani, 3 fasci. COCO HE CEOHHEOE FHUTOS HEE TES FEEH FHSTHOEE OH SEH EEe Chaturvarga Chintamani, SG TAN wast sess Coe e Oe veee COOH Eee Eee Ee SHEE BEES Gobhiliya Grihya Sitra, AD iGdCic eS esevesviicve'scseusvdtneb «csuveee covets ala Chhandah Sitra, 3 fasci... COUR OD CEH OHEEO OHS Be EHe CHOe EH OFEHeEEE ee Taittiriya Pratis’Akhiya, 3 fasci. BOCOTH CH RH HHTE COOH CHTEES SESH HEHS SELES ERE EEO -Prithiraj Rasu, by Chand Bardai, 4 fasci... Ceo ee CEC eee Fe 808 F 08TH SHH HEe rs P rAMSIALIOny Pare LL D-LasGt. 6 tess cmeccuceey vevesece Shasneae Raja MUM EE Chere Cree cr oe hs cae de ebivckecéees Shees ene vicesece vues Mahabharata, vols. IIT. and INS COO POT EE Coe e eee Fee nee CEOs BEF EES BEDS O8E8 Purana Sangraha, Ce oe OF OH e BHHHHS DHEOES CESEEEOS DESEO OR CHOdes sesesene Pali Grammar, 2 fasci. .......00. BO eed Oe COPE e CHF ee SEH EEEe DEeH Fe EEEeEe Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, 5 fasci. 11.000 seecee cesses veusesecsece Chhandogya Upanishad, English, 2 fasci..,....+ ses @eeveeee sevens ceeseeeaes Saikhya Aphorisms, English, 2 fasci. CUS ee see eee CELE RHRE CHeseeee ceeeee Sahitya Darpana, English, 4 fasci.....se0 COP OOOO CHC H THe SOFTEE oHseneee Brahma Siitra, English, eeeoseeeeaevee eevee e seeseegeseaeseeeeeee eoeeeeee sevens Katantra, 6 fasci. esesceeeGeeeeeceeesee sees eesese se ee tesesveeee ee sevsesn eeeeee Kamandakiya Nitisara, 4 fasci. (Fasci. Ks out of stock.) @eeeeeee seeeeeee eens Bhamati, 8 fasci. eesepeeereeeee ee eeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeceose ee eeseseeeeeeeseesese ee Aphorisms of Sandalya, English, Fasci. ky Seow ee SHeF dO ee COE SEe Peer EHes oe Vayu Purana, 6 fasci. eeseeeeeeee ecseevueeese eevee ere aneeeeeeeeeeeseeee seseaes eee x Katha Sarit Sagara, English Translation, 7 Fasci..e»s Ocoee e eee eee senseens Co. | TIASHSONNW OAK DKK OF kK CRE NK KF NN KH OW DOH RK ON KE OOOH OR Rema - a — owoonwmoonr hh oocococa Prakrit Lakshanam, fasci. 1, TULERIREAA TED PEELE ETRE E ERY OP ree cer Wirukta, 2 fasCl) os vse 6 Vee ticles Seaeeeese weseeeee Ceeees £8 eee COR eee Oeeee . Vishnusmriti, fasci. Liyctseveee @seeeeeoe Ceeersee se ee eetseseee beseeeeee seeseveen Arabie & Persian Series. Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms, 20 fasci., complete, ..sse0 ve eesceevs RS Risélah-i-Shamsiyah, (Appendix to Do. Do.), ..scsesceses sseceueuceecse Fihrist Tiisi, 4 fasci. Ceeesasse CHSC eAes GOs CHF CHEE OES Nukhbat-ul-Fikr, CEC He CHEER CEOS BEE OED HOO OHO eH e PHO E Hs Settee Seve O8E8 Futih-ul-Shim, Waqidi, 9 fasci. @eeees CO F8 CEtor es CHRO BEF eHe CHeeHeee Gees Futih-ul-Shim, Azadi, 4 fasci. CO SHEER He Cov eee CORE SESD CEH eeEee Ceneen Cees Maghazi of Waqidi, 5 fasci. eoteses eeeeee cee CCR Chee Cee CHF BEES Isébah, 28 fasci., with supplement, SORT e CeO ee ee Bho eee Beseeeee cues sees ue Térikh-i-Firiz Shahi, 7 fasci. CORTE HHS Coe Cee hee HES HOS CHEF eee SHee Térikh-i-Baihaqi, complete in 9 fasci. @eceeees sees eases ees Seek sees CES h ees Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh, vols. I. IL. and III, complete in 15 fasci. .....es0e Wis o Ramin, 5 fasci. .. cesssuee eevee seenpee peepee eeen C888 Ceee ee ee Ce ee Cee Iqbalnémah-i-Jahangiri, complete in 3 fasci. O00 e CPOe COR eoe CHRO H REE eee cree ?Alamgirnamah, 13 fasci., with index, OOF Ceo CEO PEOES Coeeds SHeesees Cesssess Padshahnémah, 19 fasci:, With index, 5 vcs vee d css cbieucwecee copy skeen epee Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, by Khafi Khan, 19 fasci., with index, Ocoee cetees eheess Kin-i-Akbari, Persian text, Ato., 22 fasci... Come ee ee eee tee Chee Cees e eee Bee eee Ain-i-Akbari, English translation by H. Blochmann, M, A., vol. I, ....sseee Farhang-i-Rashidi, 14 fasci., complete, .. CO eo eee e oem oe meee eee eh eseneseeeees Nizami’s Khiradnémah-i-Iskandari, 2 fasci. complete, Geet eree wete ee oeeeeense Akbarnamah, 17 fasci. with Index, eeeoenweeeeeoe oe eeeeeeees eeseeaee wee eeue pees Maasir-i-’ Alamgiri, by Muhammad Saqi, complete, 6 fasci., with index, ....+0 Haft Asman, history of the Persian Masnawi,.. ee ee ee ee Tabaqat-i-Naciri, English translation, by Raverty, 10 fasci. .... ssseeeee suee Tabagat-i-Nacizi, Persian text, § fasci. Coos COEF OEEE OER OOH E Oe CERES BeOS ED History of the Caliphs (English Translation), CHASCIZ seuss s aasasa Ayn eee MISCELLANEOUS. . Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal from vols. XII to XX, 1843-51, to Subscribers at Re. 1 per number and to non-subscribers at Re. 1-8 per number; vols. XXIV, XXVI, XXVII, 1855, 1857-58, and vols. XXX, XXXIII to XLIX, 1861, 1864-80, to Subscribers at 1-8 per number and to non-subscribers at Rs, 2 per number. Asiatic Researches, vols. VI. to XI. and vols. XIII. XVII. XIX. and XX. €ac. gee geeeveee eeevueeee sevpene Geseeseeeeeuece ek «aes Do. Do. Index, eeesceeee @eeenneee C68 e Beeeesee eceeeeenans Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata,.... Sesh eree sere eeee Ceeeeees eeeeee Ceeteses® of Arabic and Persian Manuscripts, ....sees Coceeeee sees cesses eee Tibetan Dictionary, Cee E Oe HCO Oe BORE HH Ee EOE HOHE Chee eees DESO EOES BeeEse Grammar, Ce ee ee Bote e HFS COE BEES CEKHHHHS CEO HSE CHES HOeS BESREEES Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts, 14 fasci. eo Oe Ceres e he eeeeee Coes Ceseeses Istilahat-i-Safiyah. Edited by Dr. A. Sprenger, SVG. ais ce wed vis ey 6lacescammnue Jaw4mi’ ul-’ilm ir-riydzi, 168 pages with 17 plates, 460. seeves veseen eves snes Aborigines of India, by B. H. Hodgson, ...s..ccceescesceeccccvees cnsevege Examination and Analysis of the Mackenzie Manuscripts, by the Rev. W. Taylor, Han Koong Tsew, or the Sorrows of Han, by J. Francis Davis, ...+++ sees ’Inayah, a Commentary on the Hidayah, Vols. II, [V., ee ce eee cote ee eeeses Analysis of the Sher Chin, by Alexander Csoma de Korés, Sereee eeteee seeene Khazanat-ul-’i Gg Seeeee Feeeeesee re ateeseeegeeeete eres sereeeeseeseeses ease Sharaéyat-ul-Islam, TUCTCEE CEU AEM eee ee ee ee ry ey Anis-ul-Musharrihin, o..c0s cecvevecvescccsesecs eeeevenepe eevee e @eeeee C8880 8 Catalogue Raisonné of the Society’s Sanskrit MSS. Part I, Grammar, .... .ssses Moore and Hewitson’s Descriptions of New Indian Lepidoptera, Part I, with 8 Coloured Plates, sesenevececcssrecccceves sevceven vevnsese estssoes seve @— Oo Ore pork OOM NS 1 PD POP RRK AHH wWHKRDOHNHNSO ~ Noccocrs - ee POM rN ORDOD owomrDoon weescceoowooosceoscesceosf at ae a a ee ee —— ee oe? ~~ Ce PROCEEDINGS AR | Len ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JHE fIONORARY PECRETARIES. No. VI. JUNE, 1881. WAL OED = ill it a ~ oF ELUTE Brent garetts Ac i : t | Ae z t “The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia: and within these limitsits inquiries willbe extended to whateveris performed by man or produced by nature.” —Si1rz W1nLiaM Jones. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, pee Pet ees soe res rar eee eoeseeged 4 rupees. PRICE PER NUMBER, eeneee er eee eee eee eee ree eee eee eeteae 8 annas, PostaGe IN INDIA (ADDITIONAL), .c..se---.0eeseseenee Lanna, PRICE IN ENGLAND, ee ree eee reeves FOR ae eeaeeee se Fete eeece 1s. Ga The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Jowrnal, the annual volume of which is dividedinto two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &e., Part Il to Natural Science; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *,* Tt is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent | under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc., to whom all orders for these works are to be addressed in India; or, in London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 57 5° 59, Ludgate Hill. N. B.—In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. S 1881. He ee CONTENTS. Page Monthly General Meeting for June....66..0-t.cecssccsevascetevscncsstdeves LOB” PP PeEAT AONE. vy sacked! reagan seis trees Rome Res ne Ge sore oe oor vane LIE RS ab. Exhibition of a rare coin ‘ee Sophytes, by Mr, C. i Tawney.......4.. 104 Papers— 1, On the Voles (Arvicola) of the Himalayas, Tibet and Afgha- nistan.—By W. T. Buanrorp, F. R. 8. (Abstract)... ab. 2, On Myospalax fuscicapillus, Blyth.—By W. T. Braxton, F. R. 8. (Abstract)... ab. 3. Notes on the Inhabitants of he Nisnpers By F. Ns DE 7 Bone: STORFF......... PET ies iy 2b. Remarks on the Rae ie ‘Mr. Y. Fas oh 110 4, Note on a photograph of a Buddhist sculpture poand’ Bs Bulane: shahr.—By F. 8. Growsg, M. A., C.8., C. I. Boo... 112 5. Note on some curiosities found at Gulthdshahesage F.S. GrowsE MOA: 0.855: CoL ects ca ees A cea ee 1138 TA Drry sf cree cok see stats ects SSS eoeh CV cduamedtie | \tieade athe CEA re tg! # Now Ready. THE ANTIQUITIES OF ORISSA, BY RA’JENDRALA‘LA MITRA, LL. D. VotumeE II. *,* Containing detailed descriptions of the Temples of Bhuvaneswara Puri and Canarac. It extends to about 210 pages folio, and is illustrated — with sixty photographs and lithographs. | LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE fxstatic POCIETY OF PENGAL, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & CO. 57 anp 59, LupGatE Hitt, Lonpon, E. C. BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. Ohaitanya-chandrodaya, Nataka, 3 fasci........ S eceees toebee seve sevencce LBs Memuime mntra: AS Valavanis, | LTASCIe cS cok sid oadioee vgie ese e.0) aks base sc Meine se Latyayana, 9:fasci... 40. .eues Kate Sudeep lee soled alvcdh Pehe eat p Se ald SORA M LID. Ce Sp ABCs (1 a9 2'a°d oy apd ee aoe a CALE pols Kid me aL es @ Hla le DOW Mele a nA DaSa-ripa, 3 fasci....... eeeveee eee seeeeeeeaesteeeveeeeoeeeese seeeeeevee ceueeeeenue Kaushitaki Brahmanopanishad, 2 fasci. 2. .c.0 sevsccee se coves Dae Seip ares Sankhya-sira, 1 fasci. eeee eeeeres eee eee Bees Cee eeHe ee Cees OHH EED ereceeved 10 Lalita-vistara, 6 fasci. @eeeeee se CF eee eee wee eeees ee sees eeee esses see ve eeeeees 12 ee PtRTSIAGION; CL TBBCL dle eh Seess@ vneaseleseeweresee bar Guscweceses ‘Taittiriya Brahmana, 24 fasci. ....ceve cunncves cove cecceeee vesnee puveue ce Taittiriya Safhita, 31 fasci. ee eceseeeesee Pee eee os eeveeee beanesee se oeesee seee Taittiriya Aranyaka, 11 TUACIS Sitios y a cage Pe ea witalay wire Caches Ke ekoek seccesee Maitri Upanishad, 3 fasci. @euvseose ©3808 88 8 seves eee eaeeeee ee sees cesses £8 68s mevainvana Grilys Sutra, £ fash... cee ees ccesie ve apscsecuiseucess SEES SINS tT Pentii~ 1 Oc SASCt- t's ie! s's Ma's dss ik} mia th Gara wslespe deur cage CRNee ean Oe Tandya Brahmana, 19 fasci. 1.1... cecveces cvscsvce sees ces vocees coon ctos Gopatha Brahmana, 2 fasci. seeeeee ee eesee se eeeeereereereeeeeee se eseeee ee ee2ee Atharvana Upanishads, 6 fasci. CC ee ee ee COFFEES Cee ee eee Beet Brees eevee cece i A i Purana, 14 fasci. seseevpeee e@eeeeeeeeveeeeee weeeeeese ee eeeeeseserv, ves eee eevee ‘Bama Veda Sanhita, 37 fasci. eeeseeoeseeeeeveveee @©eeeeeeeee e@eeeeeeeeoeene seeeeae se 2 x: ° Gopala Tapani, 1 fasci... ...ccece verees e®eeveve eevee eeseee sceeevneee es @eeeveee se oe Ih A Nrisinha Tapani, 3 fasci. Oe ee ee} ‘a Chaturvarga Chintamani, S36 fA8Ghi ewes ks Sess sceeeee eee sess eeee se aeee sees 2 Gobhiliya Gribya Sittra, 12 fasci. .. ..csceee venescsecs ceccce sescenvs seeves Pingala Chhandah Sutra, 3 fasci... . 2.00 aves crcevece cesses ssecceccvvccgese Taittiriya Pratis’Akhiya, 3 fasci. eseeseeevseee ee seeee ceeeeseeeee ceseeeeee eseeeeee oe Prithiraj Rasu, by Chand Bardai, 4 fasci....... eine dales Bene poate ene weet resigning, arp e, 1 SURG.” hence eee Giese bapececee cerencee — jt -_ SIQreOOw QR NRK RK OFM KH CORFE NDF RK NN RKF OW OW RR ON KF OOOH WOR ee ome a ” 3) Raj CSS HHS THRE OSHS SHHH SHCHEHTS CHEE EHES BESS CHES BOSS Mahabharata, vols. III. and dS iP Peveeeceese eeeeeeee eereee eeeeeseseee seeee eees Purana Sangraha, ee wer ceeeee Ceeeeeeeee ese eeeeeeese CH88 eee eseeeeee Beseeeee Pali Grammar, 2 fasci. eeeecevneep 8seeeseeveese eevee seeevee eeereseseeseee ee eaesese Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, 5 fasci, ..ccue veces verseecnctscen tens Chhandogya Upanishad, English, 2 fasci....00 SO 808s ESF HOO Cees ee Cee eee Sankhya Aphorisms, English, 2 fasci, Cece ee Peet O OOS BOTH HHS CHL eH eee eeeees Sahitya Darpana, English, 4 fasci.....+006 eee eee ee BORO O OES CHF H Hee eee eeeee Brahma Sitra, English, eeeeevee eG eeeesesscee ceeseeeeSeaeeeseeee eeeseeee eeeee8 Katantra, 6 fasci. esaetdeee@e@eteepeervre ee seve seeeeeevre ee ceeeeeee ee eseseeee seeeeee Kamandakiya Nitisara, 4 fasci. (Fasci. 1, out of stock.) ...csece vscevene cose = Bhamati, 8 fasci. ee eevenuveeeoeee ee eeseeseeeeeeeeeeevpee eve see seca ee eeseeesene Aphorisms of Sandalya, English, Fasci. i COCO Oe EFF 15600 He eeeeeeee a SoOwoonrmnooconmnrRwWmrocodna Vayu Purana, 6 fasci. ee ce eee see eeeee ee PP Oe re Oe Oe ee FOO Oe eee Oe eee Bee Katha Sarit Sagara, English Translation, U: RAR ina ht 5.8 wake a meth ime ne Prakrit Lakshanam, fasci. 1., PHL TR ERS eRe Cae EE, FR EK Pte eas tr Nirukta, 2 fasci seeseuv @eeeeseee eG sceseeeee eeeeveeee @eeeee eseeeoes VASHUUSMTIt, TASC: 1.5 6's p'sniee's ein grows ote (os waged aeletc Chess pis eeee wwe 4 Arabic & Persian Series, Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms, 20 fasci., complete, ..s.00 00 eeeseeee RS Risdlah-i-Shamsiyah, (Appendix to Do. Do.), ....0. ssceee Fibrist Tusi, 4 fasci. eeseevoeee ecesegpee eG eceseseee seeeeeeee @evesee eees ee eeseeseasne Nukhbat-ul-Fikr, ...... seescvew ee sees seeeee Chee Ceeees Beene Futiéh-ul-Shiam, WAqidi, 9 fasci. eeesee esee seveee eeeses Geseee eCneesees tees Futib-ul-Sham, Azadi, 4 fasci. ee eeeeeneee ceaeen ceeeeeees Ceseeeaes Maghazi of Waqidi, 5 fasci. Cee eee Cee eee Come OHHH EHS CHES EOS Bev eeese wees Ishbah, 28 fasci., with supploment, \..0i.c ceuesens sveceviecvsuends T4rikh-i-Firaz Shahi, 7 fasci. eee ee Ceeees eee ees ee eee aves see eevee eas Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, complete i ET AP TABCL. © a uate Henig rane aie oa att i ee Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh, vols. I. II. and ITI., complete in 16 fasci. biksa' es Rcatetee WY is Oeepegiieh) D LABGW y:3 sa ':-op'kstua hs es eh aoa a aca hie dca d hak eee ea atte Iqbalnamah-i-J ahéngiri, complete In B PASO -ien'c vac dethav Vives vanes ’Alamgirnamah, 18 fasci., with index, Ces eee COCO OHS Beeees Cees eeee Padeshahnarniah, 29 fasci.,: with Index io. vee «cs Vek waste anes Ponce outs court Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, by Khafi Khan, 19 fasci., with aici $b o-gin vivid aaa Ain-i-Akbari, Persian text, 4to.,:22 fasci.. ss ce. AEE Pre RP Kini-Akbari, English translation by H. Blochmann, M. A “vol. Be Peay Farhang-i-Rashidi, 14 fasci., complete, .. ete seeeseeeteeeeeces Nizémi's Khiradnémah-i-Iskandari, 2 fasci. ‘complete, «'n.0\0' 05 G2 AOS oie tee ae Akbarnémiah, 17 faaci, ‘with Tndax,: ),/stiai oeewd eg 04 ae eee View wads sss A Maésir-i-’ Mlampiri, by Muhammad Saqi, complete, 6 fasci., with index,..... ae Haft Asman, history of the Persian Masnawi,.. i... cece ce ccwuvcdcctaneecvers Tabagat-i-Naciri, English translation, by Raverty, 10 fasci. .... ...secee cove Tabagét-i-Naciri, Persian text, 5 fasci. @ese es see se@ee eceeees see eee see eaee History of the Caliphs (English Translation), 6 fasci. .. Coane mevaee Seceugu MISCELLANEOUS. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal from vols. XII to XX, 1843-51, to Subscribers at Re. 1 per number and to non-subscribers at Re. 1-8 per number; vols. XXIV, XXVI, XXVII, 1855, 1857-58, and vols. XXX, XXXIII to XLIX, 1861, 1864-80, to Subscribers at 1-8 per number and to non-subscribers at Rs, 2 per number. Asiatic Researches, vols. VI. to XI. and vols. XIII. XVII. XIX. and XX. each,.. Seceeeee Cee eeeee Ceres e SCeeeeeee terse enese . Rs. Do. Do. Index, Conor eee Ceseeees BeeHeees Seeeseee eeseessenrs Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata. ... cs cscsee eccevees csveecen bevaee seaceess ——— of Arabic and Persian Manuscripts, .....000 cecseeee sere casnce ven Tibetan Dictionary, eeevenv4aemoeoeseeoee eevee seen Cee eeees eeeeveese Ceeeesese esgeee Grammar, Pete ew COP Hh Ae BEET HH COHHF ORES Coto es Ceeeeeee Chaesaes Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts, 14 fasci. 1.1... ccccee ce atceee seve cuvecece Istilahat-i1-Sifiyah. Edited by Dr: A. Sprenger, Bv00 ys od cisescee bstabeenan Jawami’ ul-’ilm ir-riyazi, 168 pages with 17 plates, 4t0. .sscecssevee sees gees Aborigines of India, by B. H. Hodgson, ...... is vin Waele ove be VEE Examination and Analysis of the Mackenzie Manuscripts, by the Rev. W. Taylor, Han. Koong Tsew, or the Sorrows of Han, by J. Francis Davis, ....6. cseees "Infyah, a Commentary on the Hidayah, Vols. IL. 1V.,- 2... cee cee sesaseee Analysis of the Sher Chin, by Alexander Csoma de Korés, eda w kes Crapo Khazanat- ul-’ilm, EOE MO CHU O ee Ee DRE OH ET Heer en ened esereeesreseesesenes Shardyat-ul-Islam, COC Oe eee SRT CEHe CEO OHe CHEEK EET SH OeHe ee Cee e es BORE EEES Anis-ul- Musharrihin, ...000 cecses eee seeeeeee passes @uteones ceovese Catalogue Raisonné of the Society” 8 Sanskrit MSS. Part I, Grammar, .... sseees Moore and Hewitson’s Descriptions of New Indian Lepidoptera, Part I, with 3 Coloured Plates, Cee e Pees PARE REHe RESTOR PS CHEER EE CHRP OHES Deasenes seer bt oa to Oe NOM OoNWAoCOwW- it 7 OQ COR e De NwWHHEROOH WL i _ — il aSonrnwonocorts> ss : = CSCHwWSOKNOSCHMOHONWHW HOS oe Scosceeecoeosoooocoesescse ws, <> ie NB (e* PROCEEDINGS aN OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JHE JIONORARY pPECRETARIES. ‘The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia: and within these limitsits inquiries willbe extended to whateveris performed by man or produced by nature.” —Sin WILLIAM JONEs. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, ..sccosscserseotssecece cossecves 4: FEEDER, PRICE PER NUMBER, eeaees oe eeeeeereeseeeectes Cae eee 8 annas, PostaGE IN INDIA (ApprrioNAt), andes pau he ak neta ee PORTE SEN PONGLAW ys bor ised tis ig ene igu'sde sabe abued train’), 4S: Ge The publications of the Society consist —of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Jowrnal, the annual volume of which is divided into two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each ie is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the ast page of cover. *,* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatie Soc., to whom all orders for these works are to be addressed in India; or, in London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 57 5 59, Ludgate Hill. N. B.—In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. 1881. e —_ CONTENTS. Page Monthly General Meeting for July...csaccicccscsssscssceteenenceeses ereee 119 Presentations. ..,.ccccrcessercecserscnsease pet eienes Pe eee SUT Re Me ab. Exhibition by Dr. Hoernle of a wax impression of an old seal of baked clay found by Mr. Growse at Bulandshahr............... 120 Exhibition by Mr. Ball of an ancient stone implement made of MAQNELIC ITON OLE. 6... cc .cececascsnterevonserssrecdoe cverasseavnerses ab. Papers— 1. The Revenues of the Mughal Empire in India.—By Epwarp Tuomas, F. R.S., late Bengal C. S. (Abstract.).............. 121 2. Description of a new species of Butterfly belonging to the genus Dodona.—By LioneEt DE NICE'VILLE......... ab. 3. Sketch of the history of the fossils of the “Mian: Gendyann system.—By O. Frtstmantet, M. D., Paleontologist, Geolo- gical Survey of India (Abstract.)... 123 4, New and little known Mollusca belonpine ta ate Take MaLve | Fauna.—By Grorrrey Nevitn, C. M., Z. S. (Abstract.)... ab, Remarks by Mr. FrppEn on the shells found by him at : Kathiawar, referred to in the above. .............ccsscseseescevers 124 5. Additional remarks on the Identification of Ancient Daman Mines in India.—By V. gt M..A., F. G. S. Prep gh 5. Now Ready. THE ANTIQUITIES OF ORISSA, BY RA’JENDRALA’LA MITRA, LL, D. Votume II. *.* Containing detailed descriptions of the Temples of Bhuyaneswara Puri and Canarac. It extends to about 210 pages folio, and is illustrated — with sixty photographs and lithographs. "t"...7 "= be LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE LIBRARY OF THE prsiatic POCIETY OF PENGAL, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & 57 anp 59, Lupa@ate Hitt, Lonpon, E. OC. ili eal BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. | Sanskrit Series. Chaitanya-chandrodaya, Nataka, 3 fasci... ccs... cceecs scenes cose sistesee RS Srauta Sutra, As’valayana, 11 fasci. .. ccc k. case cee e wenn Gat cars nape ee en ee —__—_—— Latyayana, 9 fasci....... Ce eeee ee eree sere sane ee ser eee eesene ee PES, ViQAYA,O 1QKCI. oie iste ck ebel sess tne sinha ed. Sslar Bice eminee NE Ade SA a ore DaSa-ripa, 3 fasci... eecee seeeeeeee Fe COSHH Seeese see eees eseeeees sessses a@ee Penumiitak? Brabmanopanishad, 2 fAsch.\ 6 cctv se lecccee cclicevee cusecece cece Sankhya-sara, 1 fasci. eeeemeseeee eee ese CHF OFF SCHeeeaes Cees ee Bseeeee CHEB EEHE Lalita-vistara, 6 fasci. @eenveeee seeneese seerese eee ecereesees cess eees Ce ese ene ” 9 Translation, 1 fasci. @eeeee Ceres C88 eee Feree e eeeneees as ee eee eee Masttiriya Dralimana, 24 fasci. i veccve cevevees eves ccsdscve scinces senstciee Taittiriya Safhita, 31 fasci. Co eee eee eeen Cees ee eseee ee ee ee ee er Taittiriya Aranyaka, $i fasci. CU OC ee ee SHEE EOE eee COE HOO Pees es Seeeeene Maitri Upanishad, 3 fasci. CO ee ee CDRH HO Oe SHOE BE Coe eee eh Oh eee eenen oe eeee As/valayana Gribya Stitra, 4 fasci..... ccc eee ceecer cc cvevce ce sesetscervence Miméisa Darsana, 15 TURGTN ou 5 Cea acetde Chine eeeeee eeroeeeeeeaeeeenpe eee 8888 , Tandya Brahmana, 19 fasci. Cee eee CEFF SEES CHEEKS CHF SHEE HEH Oe BEE e BEES Gopatha Brahmana, 2 fasci. ...ccesscsrvceacaveverncvovecarecessepee seas - Atharvana Upanishads, 6 fasci. CO oe ee ee OHS Ee CERO HOO BEOE HELO e POOH Ores Agni Purana, 14 fasci. eee R ee Coe eRe CF BHH CHEE HHOHH SHS eKCeeeeeeeesesece Sama Veda Sanhita, 37 fasci. eocee ©8808 seen e eecese ceee sees Vata sone eeeoveses Gopala Tapani, 1 fasci... CeO C OTOH COSHH BHHEEH CHEE BEKO HS BEE HEHES CEAEEEOEE OE Nrisinha Tapani, 3 fasci. eeeoveoeee@ ee eeeeeeeseeene seeeee e8 Ge ©eeseeeeseeseaeesee Chaturvarga Chintamani, GG fashiow ewe eS ee ee ee re er | Gobhiliya Grihya Sutra, 12 fasci. ee eseceee ee esos seeeeeeseeee Beeeeeee cenees Pingala Chhandah Sitra, 3 fasci... eer ees Bee CHF S Cee SERS SE eee eeeese Taittiriya Pratis’akhiya, 3 fasci. Pe CSR CH HS CHFe HED CEOS CES HO EEE CASO ee ee ee Prithiraj Rasu, by Chand Bardai, 4 fasci... eee ee ee ee ee eee eo) ea ” Translation, Part IT, 1 fasci. Cece eee eevee Ceeeeeee Seesvese Rajataran. i i ee seeeeeee cease esos eee eee £0ee eeespeeese eves eeee esos eevee eee Mahabharata, vols. IIL. and TV., eee OC ee Cente eee ese ee tees Cee eee Cee he Oe Puraéna Sangraha, ee ee ee hhh CEH HH SHE TS OEE EHTHH CHEHHOEH CESSES CEHeeese Pali Grammar, 2 fasci... @eeesvseeceeeeveveee eG cevpseeewvreveee oeseveeeeveseeec ee aeneeee Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, 6 fasci. eee eee eee ee Cee eee Pe eee ek Be et Chhandogya Upanishad, English, 2 fasci......0.secee secveeee vevnen seneeeee Saikhya Aphorisms, English, 2 fasci. COO Te Pee EEE Ee BHSEOEHE CHEE Ee Oeseee Sahitya Darpana, English, 4 fasct....ecoes eee eee e BOLO OHHE Pesce eee vaseeeee Brahma Sitra, English, erd.0'8 0 C0 0 6 OOO 6.0 Ov.t1e elke a OO) GE £04 6 0d we eee boncee seenge stantra, 6 fasci. meee ORO Pee eH PH EH POH eH EE HH HHH CHLOE H BE EEreese Beveee Kamandaktya Nitisara, 4 fasci. (Fasci. 1, out of stock.) @eeeeeee eeeeeese sees Bhamati, 8 fasci. ww ee ee ee ee OO PH SHH HO HEHEHE HE SEER HSH SH BOK EE EE ESSE Aphorisms of Sandalya, English, Fasci. uw eee ee Cesc eeee B68 eee seeeeesece Vayu Purana, 6 fasci. a alle. clple.e © ee nie G68 b OOOO) e 0 1044.8 68 0660 66 £10,0.0° On eb Bele ree i Katha Sarit Sagara, English Translation, vi Fasci. ae ee O80 eee COCO OOe Seseseee co, — MOSHNWOEY NRE WORE OR RNR REND EP OW DO WH HONE DOOR wW OM ee oO SOwoonmocermrRPNHOccoe oo Prakrit Lakshanam, fasci. : Geeks Cees eee cee eeene eucceeun veeceseeeees DS Nirukta, 2 fasci eeeeveee CGeeeeeee ceeeseesese CCeOSHeeS BeetBee eeeeest eeeeee Ceeeee Vishnusmriti, fasci. La dea oes Creve eee coches ee ee seeseese sesseeee ve Srauta Sutra of Apastamba, fasci, 1., ......+. eeseseee Arabie § Persian Series. Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms, 20 fasci., complete, ....00 00 essseees RS Risdlah-i-Shamsiyah, (Appendix to Do. Do.), © Fihrist Tisi, 4 fasci. Nukhbat-ul- Fikr, eeeeeoe eeneneeaeee Geese seeeeee ee ee eevee e Cees see ees Bees eevee Futah-ul-Shém, Wéqidi, 9 fasci. @eeerane seeeeeeeee ceeeee Cee e C8888 EES 28 Ee Futih-ul-Sham, Azadi, 4 fasci. ®eseeeeeee sceseese ceenseeee @eseeeeee CHEeees BEBE ; Maghazi of Waqidi, 5 fasci. @eeeee @eeepeee eee @oeeeeeseen eeee CHee Ceeeeene £ee8 Isibah, 28 fasci., with supplement, Tarikh-i-Firtz Shahi, 7 fasci. @eeeeoeve eeeeese ce ee weseees Pees esos sees ceva sees Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, complete in 9 fasci. .....000 0+ Se Geaeiepen eee Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh, vols. I. II. and ITI., complete i in 15 fasci. Wis o Ramin, 5 fasci. ee COOP EHO E Dew e De ee He DORKS PHOS SEEe BHes BERe Oe ed BEO® Iqbalnémab-i-Jahangiri, complete in 8 fasci. @eseee eees @eveeses CtEeeeeese eeee seee ’Alamgirnamah, 13 fasci., with index, Cove ee Cee eee Beeees seseeees Pédshahnamah, 19 fasci., ’ with index, ESP ae Tie Oe he Ee ROO eI. GS Muntakhab-ul-Lubéb, by Khafi Khén, 19 fasci. Pa acres mek Chae Ain-i-Akbari, Persian text, 4to., 22 fasci. ee eesneveees ene ee @eeeresee ecaoenee Ain-i-Akbari, English translation by H. Blochmann, M. A. “vol. I, Farhang-i-Rashidi, 14 fasci., complete, .. eeoeevrese eveeeeeere eevee eseseeeeeeaae Nizami’s Khiradnémah-i-Iskandari, 2 fasci. COM DICLG, Hs vie sp ain ees ok eRe Can Akbarnamah, Lf, AASELs IER INGO, Osis eo ea led aiel’s CLOVE AL EMPL e state k 6 Tabaqat-i-Nacizi, English translation, by Raverty, 10. fasci. Tabaqat-i-Naciri, Persian text, 5 fasei. ... cue tees ceesee cernes weve History of the Caliphs (English Translation), 6 fasci. eeneesen e808 £08888 S SH 888 @#eneuee s@eeeevee ese aeeeees @enpeeeeee ee ee echoes ee seeeesneee 8 eeee eeeeeoeene seen MISCELLANEOUS. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal from vols. XII to XX, 1843-61, to Subscribers at Re. 1 per number and to non-subscribers at Re. 1-8 per number; vols. XXIV, XXVI, XXVII, 1855, 1857-58, and vols. XXX, XXXII to XLIX, 1861, 1864- 80, to Subscribers at 1-8 per number and to non-subscribers at Rs. 2 per number. Asiatic Researches, vols. VI. to XI. and vols. XIII. XVII. XIX. and XX. each,.. @estoeeee eee eeeeeeenese €eeeenee eg teense siace Seba Do. Do. Index, @eeseseee eB eeoeseaeeee sppeeaeeese eeeeeeee seeeeeen aes Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata, . eeeeeepeev ee ee o842eeee SG sees esee es Geevees weeeeeenene — of Arabic and Persian Manuscripts, ....ccee cesssees cone sucess cous Tibetan Dictionary, CO ee ee eee ede Cee eee ee CHOHOHEEE Bed Eees BHLEREHS Ceeess Grammar, eeeveedgesveese ee eeeeeeene eCeeeeeese eeeeeses £8 tees eeertaeene Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts, 14 fasci. ...... cesses et vcvens seve secseuce Istilahat-i-Sifiyah. Edited by Dr. A. Sprenger, 8yvo. .. Jawami’ ul-’ilm ir-riyazi, 168 pages with 17 plates, 4to. Aborigines of India, by B. H. Hodgson, ..... eS kt Examination and Analysis of the Mackenzie Manuscripts, by the Rev. W. Taylor, Han Koong Tsew, or the Sorrows of Han, by J. Francis Davis, ....0+ seen ’"Indyah, a Commentary on the Hidayah, Vols. II. 1 Vigieb aco aeeerers Analysis of the Sher Chin, by Alexander Csoma de Kirés, Khazanat-ul-’ilm, ecoever @eeveeee ene Reseeeeeeeeereeeseeeeeeaeevreseeevesese Chee Sharayat-ul- Islam, @esoeecoeaaee ee eeeeeeeeee @eeeeveeee eeseeeeseaeeesee seas teaeeg Anjis-ul- Masharrini, so. vorees ec een eae ware eet @eeveeee seeeevr eeeeee eeeeee Catalogue Raisonné of the Society’s Sanskrit MSS. Part I, Grammar..... ....0 Moore and Hewitson’s Deseriptions of New Indian Lepidoptera, Part I, with Coloured Plates, PREC P ORS CEP EE ORE PEER ERE CADE ORDER BACCHOOECE SEAHERee Seas ocorr- — to — oO to Oar OWN OS & — i RD bd ~The OK bo nh iy Daworwonwn~! — Oo ae , oa ON oFR NP OCOMOR ANE > HWE RE NWON ER DOH WS! oon C8 - - i WK WROAKM AD TOK DS - © cooecsmooscecoescsoess PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JHE JIONORARY PECRETARIES. of Putas Beljats 1 om Wide Weft! i! 08 mm ; A ee eS = (C= SS ee ————-* \ ual th SF "The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia: and within these limitsits inquiries willbe extended to whateveris performed by man or produced by nature.”—Si1r WILLIAM JONES. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, wicsecsecscesseserecete cesteonee 4 TUPCOR, PRICE EOR IN UMBMR lier etises Gouthi Ladevordecestet reece’) @ GlDBRA, PostaGE IN INDIA (ADDITIONAL), ....c0s-esecesevereee Lanna, RICH IN WUNGHAND (co shes iehs arts devivnagenads condsceh Quer + LG. tae The publications of the Society consist — of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Journal, the annual volume of which is dividedinto two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *,* Ii is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc., to whom all orders for these works are to be addressed in India; or, ww London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 57 § 59, Ludgate Hill. N. B.—In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA : PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. 1881. x —s CONTENTS. Monthly General Meeting for oe ara Rie cates hadcanaw clea hae beta ons Presentations.......... Exhibition of a MS. of ihe Bhatti Kaya po a eee on nis’ ate by Danis Bea Dibra ink, ke sacahiggs venipnny> sevaeenane eeentpkcakevieg Letter from General Cacbdaetabe on some 7 glaailane exhibited: at previous meetings ...... » SAMAR Guedes ne ease cal acgeee ote A new reading of the Sue “Vihdra copperat nsetiption, he Dr. A, F, R. Hoernle (Abstract) .. BG EAE ee eee Papers— 1, On the Temples of Deoghar.—By Dz. RAsEnpRAtALa Mirra, C. 8S. I. (Abstract) 3 2. On the origin of the so-called Kharakpcr Meteorite iy v. BALLS MAR Gee ey a haluisaer cess bas awnecesdssai sae 3, Second List of Rhopalocerous Lepidoptera from the seine Islands.—By J. Woopn-Mason and L. pre WNic8r’yItLe. (Abstract) ..... i duumep Lanvin tok (anntin cade om ammvus(ysealentahiaets betae RD DIRIY cas sos tha cei hea tha codesiacadeeesace OnTeN ta tithe eoehee kL ene een 189 LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE _pxsiatic POcIETY OF PENGAL, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & 57 anp 59, Lupgatr Hint, Lonpon, E. C. —~ BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. Chaitanya-chandrodaya, Nataka, 3 fasci.......0. cecvcecsessesces sessvcce WS Srauta Sutra, As’valayana, 11 fasci. ............. Lisl patie we dios ChaUre ws PALVAN ENA OUGEOL tea ahinidcechay be duis Fumie ab vevre chawets S’ankara Vijaya, 3 fasci. eereeaeeene aeeeesee ee Ceeseee ©Ceeereese Pease eeeeseeeeenees Dasa-Tapa, 3 fasci.. ess cvscevociccevecd vccses ve vecces eeseenee weseseeses MOADsRMERe Drahnavopatlishad, 2 fABCT ss \s0eeieceee eee siiset Ve ecaes cecleeivass Sankhya-sara, 1 fasci. eo ee Peewee PETE CHTETD HHEHHH ES CH HRe Bee eee BeeeeeEs Lalita-vistara, 6 fasci. eoeesee ee See RP eee Seeesesee Fe eeseeeees seeeseee eessness ; 9 ” Translation, 1 fasci. eee ee COOH HS DETER e BERK He BHO P eee Bees Bee eS® Taittirtya Brahmana, 24 fasci. CCRC CEHe Cee Eee CH ee Chere eee So eeee sates eee Taittiriya Saihita, 31 fasci.. eeeeneeeeosee @eeeee¢ seeeeeee scaeeese eee esveeeenes Taittiriya Aranyaka, 11 fasci. .ececees ceccecee cuss vevsvece cornse cesscoes ; 5 Maitri Upanishad, 3 fasci, Preece C FOR HHRHOS CEES FTE HEHE e FH LOH EHH HH HEH EEEE As’valayana Grihya Sitra, 4 fasci.y cies cect ee oe vecanevescetesevacutns Mimaiisa Darsana, 15 fasci..... CCHS REC HEREH KEES HEH He De eee eee BEE dee OOe8 $ Taéndya Brahmana, 19 fasci. eee eee eee ees Cees esee 288s Ses e seeeee Fees CeeD _Gopatha Brahmana, 2 fasci. eesveesceoeeseereeeeeeeeeveeeeeeeverevreeeeeneeee@ seed Atharvana Upanishads, 6 fasci. eeeovpsveee @eeeeeee ceeeeeeG eeeeseetsreonse shee aese i Purana, 14 fasci. eeseveoe eG eeeeeeeeesceeeee ceeseeese eeee seeesveeeoeoveveseeau Sama Veda Safhita, 37 fasci. eeesee eeee sees eee Ceevpeeseeseeeeesee eeeeesseenveeeeees Gopala Tapani, 1 fasci... Cee OO Oe BHR Ee CHT EHE OPOHS EPH HS CHHEHEOH POBEEEEe Oe Nrisiiha Tapani, 3 fasci. eeeeeeeG eeeeeeeS teesen 6eeeee cPee seeeeeeee eressseeee Chaturvarga Chintamani, 36 fasci... BOP eee Hee asses Coo R eee se seeeeHne sees Gobhiliya Grihya Sutra, 12 fasci. .. POU COOe Heer Cees ee Cee eee BHEEOOHS Ceeeee Pingala Chhandah Sitra, 3 fasci......... @eee ceoeeeeeeCeseevee sceee ee eeee seep ee ‘Taittiriya Pratis’Akhiya, 3 fasci. PROCS ETH Fe Behe SHH Pee he BHSTOHOE PEE EOOH CS Prithiraj Rasu, by Chand Bardai, 4 fasci... Cu eese Fevers se ceed er seeeee Ceeeee ” 9 Translation, Part II, 1 fasci. Cee eeee ceeses Beseonee esrepesss F Rajatarangini, ee ee oso emcees PESO eee eee CHES POE HEEe CHEE OEEe CEOS COee Bees ‘Mahabharata, vols. IIT. and dt @eeeoeoeCe ceseeseeese cheeses eeepe seeveee ese esse Purana Sangraha, eee POET He COT EOE HH TEES BDESEEHES COREE CES COe CHEE Dese Pali Grammar, 2 fasci. .. eee eee PH PEPE HHS CHER PEE SEH SHEOSEREe SHORES HEeEEs - Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, 5 fasci. eneeee seesee Nets oc eseces eens Ohhandogya Upanishad, English, 2 fasci...,... ee eee Peete ee Be cere ee Cees eees Safikhya Aphorisms, English, 2 fasci. COO CH CPOE HHH CHEST EES FeseHeEe seseue ‘Sahitya Darpana, English, 4 fasci......00s CO ewe eee CHEHEO OS Cree eees oeseneee Brahma Sitra, English, eeceovneceuae@eeeep eeaeesee seeeeeeSseeoee se ee eeseeees @eo0ees Katantra, 6 fasci. seseveee ees eevee evseereevseveeeeeereeevee cCeeveeee eeeeeeane cesses -Kamandaktya Nitisara, 4 fasci. (Fasci. 1, out of stock.) Ceeeesee ceseeeee sees -Bhamati, 8 fasci. sees ee ee ee SOO eee ee Reeees ee eRereveseseueeeensesens Aphorisms of Séndalya, English, Fasci. 1, COC eee CORE OHEe BHO e Sereeese oe ‘Vayu Purana, 6 fasci. Terre creceeen eee ee eee ee ee ee eee ee er a _Kathé Sarit Sagara, English Translation, 7 Fasci...., eceeee Cereeeee seeetece "ba. Co. rl a) . ae bo bo NTIWSNOMNWN OE NRK RK WORF RK ORF NRK RE STN RK OW OW RH RON RH DSO Ore OO ee eS orm 1° 4) a Conoco DwmDOCcORRNROCOCCODH Prakrit Lakshanam, fasci. L., Cea CUMEM OR Cewh wake. Weds eave haabe’ ba eta aeee Nirukta, 2 fasci eee eees Fete reese Chee OOEe Deeeeese Vishnusmriti, fasci. Sea eee PROPOR AHR EHE OO RE Heer eeee eee eens eeeesese Srautea Guiraiot A pastamba, Tasca iad ics vewec vsanes cvs sus napded Case codes e's owatine Arabic & Persian Series, Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms, 20 fasci., complete, ....00 00 seceeess RS Risdlah-i-Shamsiyah, (Appendix to Do. Fihrist: Tisi, 4 fasch. ©1030 .05.5 we Nukhbat-ul-Fikr, . eeeeses s eeee eeeoe os eeeee @eee @eeeee See eee Beeeee e888 BOS Futih-ul-Sham, Wiaids, 9 fasci. eee e Cees ee eee SHEE e Sevens Cesesees eee Futth- ul-Shém, Azadi, 4 fasci. *®eeseeevpeeeve@ eeeepee ceeeseve seeeeeesee enesesn eees Maghazi of Waqidi, 5 fasci. Perec Bee eee CHOe PEE ES CEES BERD CHOP ees oes Teibah, 28 fanci.. with supplement, si.4 as cketa ous ses paebaews vse ucave ote eetee T4rikh-i-Firiz Shahi, i fasci. eeveee C6eeeee een eseeee eeee eseee seve aeene eens Wasuch-i-Baihagi, complete in 9. fasek. oiis2 sph pn ts wis ne a) dss debe ee cine n oleae Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh, vols. I. II. and III., complete in 15 fasci. Maes 0 RAMON, | TASOV Ly Caracas ony Fee ania Matha pes Iqbaéln4mah-i-Jahangiri, complete in 8 fasci. .. F Ea wighen sia 13 fasci., with index, cence © Cee meee Ceseee Cee Reee sesesese Padshahnamah, 19 fasci., ie index, oencene Cen eeee COCO E Te BED Cesees E88 Muntakhab-ul-Lubéb, by Khafi Khan, 19 fasci., with index, 1... .sse0e csesas Ain-i-Akbari, Persian text, 4to., 22 fasci.. é) digidic waacet ea Ca Ain-i-Akbari, English translation by H. Blochmann, M. ‘A. vol. i; Farhang-i-Rashidi, 14 fasci., complete, .. eseee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee Nizami’s Khiradnémah-i-Iskandari, 2 fasci. complete, Akbarnamah, 17 fasci. with Index, yak oka ale awe eons iid sere oe Maasir- i. Alam eiri, by Muhammad S4qi, complete, 6 fasci., "with NGSX. A esek v's Haft Xemén, history of the Persian Masnawi,...ssssssseeveesccasececcecbes Tabaqat-i-Naciri, English translation, by Raverty, 10 fasci. .... Tabaqat-i-Nagiri, Persian ‘text, Gfasel 05 ss sates ecep kh ses beesecs busibainn ee History of the Caliphs (English Translation), 6 fasci. arb us o'bid 9! Chie Aas Ne ween Do.), @eeewee scteeueeseceeveses ee aeeeene eeeeoe eae eceeeee eeeeveeee eeeeee seeeeseaeeaeteees eeeoeeee seve sve eeneeene MISCELLANEOUS. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal from vols. XII to XX, 1843-51, to Subscribers at Re. 1 per number and to non-subscribers at Be 1-8 per number; vols. XXIV, XXVI, XXVII, 1855, 1857-58, and vols. XXX, XXXIII to XLIX, 1861, 1864-80, to Subscribers at 1-8 per number and to non-subscribers at Rs. 2 per number. Asiatic Researches, vols. ar to XI. and vols. XIII. XVII. XIX. and XX. Rey eac ®@eeeseeee speneeee eG eeeseee Geeeeeee scene evens Do. Do. Index, CeCe ee Seeeeees CHUA ees Sete eee Be eeeene es Catalogue of Fossil Vertebrata,.. ee e@eeeeseece epeeeeeeS eeeeeneee @eeeee seeeenar ——— of Arabic and Persian Manuscripts, ...s..s ove se peqiee nolayt ope heien Tibetan Dictionary, Ce POOR Ooo ees CHO He Fe Ae OHHH OHH BHEKEHSHE OSB OSES BEEEEE Grammar, sere ee eee eee ee sae eneee seeceeces a ERS eeececus Notibes of Rafiskast Manusctipte 14 Yasen vio sa’ wh pew ack'pl seas wares ole ia ko ee Istilaéhat-i-Sufiyah. Edited by Dr. A. Sprenger, 8v0. .... wsssocce cosceveece Jawami’ ul-’ilm ir-riyazi, 168 pages with 17 plates, 460. .seccecaseee sees cose Aborigines of India, by B B. H. Hodgson, ...., cee odiecan venues sete ewe Examination and Analysis of the Mackenzie Manuscripts, by the Rev. W. Taylor, Han Koong Tsew, or the Sorrows of Han, by J. Francis Davis, ante "Inayah, a Commentary on the Hidayah, Vols. II. IV., ......+... kee of the Sher Chin, by Alexander Csoma de Karés, EPP RR TITRA Oc ne Khazanat-ul-’ilm, exneeeen eeeseese ee teeeseneerese ee eoseneeeeese ee eeseeese sees Sharayat-ul-Islam, @eeeseeee ee ee aeeee eeereee Ceetesee se eeeeeseasetese BEGBEEES Anis-ul-Musharrihin,...... eeee eeee spevevse @eeseen @e8e88 Catalogue Raisonné of the Society's Sansicrit MSS. Part I, Grammar, ...+ sesees Moore and Hewitson’s Descriptions of New Indian Lepidoptera, Part I, with 3 Coloured Plates, Seeeeseeeseeoree Cheeeeee seeesenes CHECHOES BHeeeees Geese cur De wWonAroOwWNWN i o Oo SCORER E AEN WHE ROOM 10 10 _— wococors _ _ —— -_ SHOR NSOSCMOH ON KN KH WODSR HS -* PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY JHE JIONORARY pPECRETARIES. No. IX. te ene 1881. = = S== — USEUM “ASIATIC “SOcIeTYc \Lc ou Tra>=~ “The bounds of its investigation will be the geographical limits of Asia: and within these limitsits inquiries will be extended to whateveris performed by man or produced by nature.”—Sin WILLIAM JONES. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, wccsecies cov sovcssecese sosesseae 4 YUpees, PrIcE PER NUMBER, ..... Se he dle pacted yak caai dense cee) Cap ALES, PosTaGE IN INDIA (ADDITIONAL), . sewetccsereserereee LANG, BeBICR AN TI NGUAND (1.350) cacivnsnna souan pacdadieaedsssipens-) Loe G4 The publications of the Society consist —of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Jowrnal, the annual volume of which is dividedinto two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *,* It is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc., to whom all orders for these works are to be addressed in India; or, m1 London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 57 5 59, Ludgate Hill. N. B.—In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA: PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. 1881. ‘ye CONTENTS. Monthly General Meeting for November... tubes bien @vest bss somes Presentations.....0....+s+ eabegeeatpatsrie kaa sev esee ptueckaes ae ent Election of Ordinary 3 Menhae Kod 1oeatbed C158 o> yur pe he aRTE) DATES Nomination of Honorary Manibers,< eT Ae sons anon TeReeMSeeee tae eee Works sanctioned for publication in the Bibliotheca Indica Series..... Exhibition of photographs of Tierra del Fuego Savages.......6...s..0 0+. Letter from Mr. J. B. N. Hennessey on an Out-burst of Sun-spots... Remarks on the above by Dr. H. W. M’Cann.., te Seliee e Communication oa the ‘ Kumbbupatias’, a » Beck of Hisde Dis- senters.... wencanesntgpwhotenterwee Hencendial on Osis ay Mr. T, A. M. ‘Gerba bocce beamed est aeaean Papers— 1. Ona Silver Coin of Shams-ud-din Kaimurs,—By J. G. Del- merick.. abhdiads <0 lake dean Gebie® SER eeheciRahs tincaee Pe Oy: 3 Note on the es i on. ‘A Cunningham... es 2. On Relics from Ancient Persia, in Gold, Silver aa Cépnae —By Gen. A, Cunningham, C.8. I, C. I. EB. (Abstract)... 3. The Bon (Pon) Religion By Babe Sarat Chandra Das (Abstract) 0 BF cick vgs etoiiles sonicctedsedpas ste cvtss tieaes Moca 4, The Early rues of Tibet. mee Babu Sarat Chandra Das (Abstract)... bos wh pra bus th Osx vases sansa ts: ikea EAULATY. ccev'evcacseainy vest cghiescapsistansuseah vas er gsenn spn ctanki pense mma ab. 152 ab. 153 154 i, 157 187 158 ib. 159 ab. 160 ae. 4 = X - > we Pee’, “Kiatantra, 6 fasci. ....ccce sete se ereececeveres ANS ey -Kamandakiya Nitisara, 4 fasci. (Fasci. tT; out of stock.) ee ee en ee eee eeee sees LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE LIBRARY OF THE prsiatic POCIETY OF PENGAL, No. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & 57 anp 59, Lupgatr Hitt, Lonpon, E. C. —“ BIBLIOTHECA INDICA. Sanskrit Series. Chaitanya-chandrodaya, Nataka, 3 fasci... ...... ceeneererece save vecccaee RS Srauta Stitra, As’valayana, 11 fasci. 1. ...se5 ceseceee ceeceeve ne cucssccenere i ———._ Latyayana, 9 fasci... ec. eae eid nie cial eta e tye Pee crate atta Bvankara Vijaya, 3 fasct. 1... eects eae Lack tne uate ar eee stan neue es grtalts Dasa-Tupa, 3 fasci.s..- ec eeeees RON IED Renee ited Les wala aC aa) He Kaushitaki Bréhmanopanishad, 2 fasci. 1... cssenccecssvene teawes yen Sankhya-sara, | fAsci. eo eeu s ce ecee cectne codseeee teaver s Ra ESN Lalita-vistara, 6 fasci. @eecoveese ceeereeee ceoseeeeoe ee eveses ee es wits: yy Pramslation, 1 fasci. 1.2.05 ssevee cores verses cessecus evs Sanda Wetetey Bishan, 24 fasch. i... , sec svec ches fewscdoeavaadvanes cedces’ Taittiriya Safihita, 31 fasci. ite Aber a ROR af Cink Rae aay ck RB BL EN Tce Taittiriya Aranyaka, 11 fasci. Pe OO eee COP OH He oe ee CHOOSES Ceeee . Mery, Ro Maitri Upanishad, 3 fasci. eeeree CFP FBR CeO e EH CHORES OH eee eee ses oe As’valayana Gribya Siitra, 4 fasci......ceceesveeee ce cess Bile, Wt PRE as RT ASEM NIALL ITASCL!, 70's os gd ccalnnolele Vc acR Kime Secs es sind hnee anes AG Tandya Brahmana, 19 fasci. WORT ADIT eed abo as ae ie OT et Gopatha Braéhmana, 2 fasci. Fn Syl N Git, MOEA ibm RE ih tees Mate Safin! | 2 Atharvana Upanishads, 6 fasci. eeceeereee C688 CEU eee Cees Ceveee Cees apa: Agni Purana, 14 fasci. eendes OR @Oeoeeeeee ese eee Fee eeese cess eeeeeetavnerse ae Sama Veda Samhita, 37 fasci. RY aes at oe emu pts at MRE nM mer ACTA) Gopala Tapani, 1 fasci......sse06 eoeene peor ee ee ee eee ee Coe eeeee Ree ey Nrisifha Tapani, 3 fasci. eee eeee COBB EOEH FHT HS CHRO Te CeSe a ey Me -Chaturvarga Chintamani, 86 fasci... CCP OF eZ HOH Cee eee HHH HH eH HH EH HEHE OHR EH COED Gobhiliya Grihya Sutra, Pe PSOE. oe os Parken emek oe eel bakes weeeeeee seoveee Pifigala Chhandah Siitra, 3 fasci......6s. COCO Cees eR Oe neces seeeesr sevens e Taittiriya Pratis’akhiya, 3 fasci. Peco he PF ee ee Oh ee tee eee Cee eee ee Bee nacre Prithiraj Rasu, by Chand Bardai, 4 fasci... ce er ae ee m » Translation, Part IT, 1 fasci. Oahu Vee Re tes s Jocuees Rajatarangini, ee eeeee COS CP Oe SOOe CHP eae CORE DHE EEO He BELO EOES COE Bee Hee ; Mahabharata, vols. III. and LV; Peeeeeee ceveseee seoseee eee cee eee eves cove Purana Sangraha, ee ee eee eee CEH HH HEHE SHEESH BHHEEOHH Ceeees eseseres Pali Grammar, 2 fasci. .. ...eee ve ceeeees toe ee ee eeeree eeseeewecreoncesece Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, 5 fasci. ....00 seseee neceee cs ccecennens Chha dogya Upanishad, English, 2 fasci...... ve etes Pees e ee cer eee ceeeeese S4ikhya Aphorisms, English, 2 fasci. eee oe eee HCO Oe Peete Hee CH eee eee hes Oe Sashitya Darpana, English, 4 fasci.....+.0s eeece © OF COCO HES BeBe seee Heeseeed Brahma Satra, English, eee ee Oe COOH Cee He HOCH HHH EO EH EHH HEHEHE Oe PEE EEe eeeeoeseoc ep eeetevre eeenee Bhamati, 8 fasci. .... cece seeeeeseenees Aphorisms of Sandalya, English, Fasci. ie Coeeee Coeeees® Ceeeee Ceeeeess es Vayu Purana, 6 fasci. Pi eat a Seer eee a ee eee 2 ry ise 3) Kathé Sarit Ségara, English Translation, 7 Fasci..... eceege COpeeeee ceneesce CO. _— — nw bo SIO CUWOAPKY HK RP ORK CH RK NR RNIN HOW DOOR RON KE OO OCH WD OH ee On i> <) ~ — eSpepeenmoocmrhebryrnoocscon Prakrit Lakshanam, fasci. » Sees CObC HOSE CORO Ce oe TODS UNOS USS cade bs 66 dM Nirukta, 2 fasci See COOS CEO HREHS DEOH HEE BESTHOEE DODO HS BEFees Denese BESESS Vishnusmriti, fasci. Lit wale Biers eee sees eee sees Fe CHC HES CeEeo eee Pesseses Srauta Sutra of Apastamba, fasci. 1., ....ccressescseses Peeves POC oes eoecanree*** oeasee CHR ES8 Arabic & Persian Series. Dictionary of Arabic Technical Terms, 20 fasci., complete, ....00 ee essceess RS Risélah-i-Shamsiyah, (Appendix to Do. Do.), .. Fihrist Tisi, 4 fasci. Ceo wrenee eveeeee ssece Nukhbat- ul- Fikr, . eevee eeeoenpeeeoe@ @eee eeeseeoeneaeseepeaenveeee @eeeee C828 eee e888 8888 Futéh-l-Shém, Wégidi, 9 fasci. @es4eece eeeep seeveosee eseees ©eee88 €0028808888 £888 Futéh-ul-Sham, Azadi, 4 fasci. ee seeeesee cesses aes Maghazi of Waqidi, dD fasci. eeeeeeeeoepenese eees €eeeee ee CeOeeeeee eeneeesee aees Isdbah, 28 fasci., with supplement, ....00 cccecnve vvvece cous T4rikh-i-Firaz Shahi, 7 fasci. eeeeses ese eee COs steeee eese eceee eee esees ees Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, complete in 9 fasci. ....+e0e. wivine’ sbi kanele Muntakhab-ut-Tawa4rikh, vols. I. II. and IIL, complete i in 45 fasci. Wis o Ramin, 5 fasci. eeeeenweneee seeee seereee sees ees ceeeaesesee eens eee eee sees Iqbalnamah-i-Jahangiri, complete i in 3 fasci. Sere sere Cet eee Bee bases sent vese *Kiampirnimah; 13 fasci., with mdex;stcvs< pepsaeue tasisge Ciewee wel sddv eines Padshahnamah, 19 fasci.. WIL TARE LE CES skp pees Bop e bearsta's pink tha ona Muntakhab-ul- Lubab, by Khafi Khan, 19 fasci., with ay ones eesose seeese Ain-i-Akbari, Persian text, 4to., 22 fasci.. Sidie,p sda ae meee atate Ain-i-Akbari, English translation by H. Blochmann, M. A., “vol. I, Farhang-i-Rashidi, 14 fasci., complete,.. ates aCe hm werae’ 0 Fe OE Ris onside Nizaémi’s Khiradnémah-i-Iskandart, 2 fasci. ‘complete, paaclcvus nes eesise wisn Wi harmamal, 17 tasers Wit AMOK eo ici aso Oe eles ewenee bids tepiett Maasir- i? Kampiri, by Muhammad Saqi, complete, 6 fasci., with index, oe piewetele Haft Asmin, history of the Persian: Masna@wiji.. ict ccc aasscssocccessenes Tabagat-i-Naciri, English translation, by Raverty, 10 fasci. Tabagat-i-Naciri, Persian text, é fasci. sees ceases Coe eo ee Cee ete eeeeee seeees History of the Caliphs (English Translation), 6 fasci. @eeeeeeove@ eceoeee @Ceeeeeee MISCELLANEOUS. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal from vols. XII to XX, 1843-51, to Subscribers at Re. 1 per number and to non-subscribers at Re. 1-8 per number; vols. XXIV, XXVI, XXVII, 1865, 1857-58, and vols, XXX, XXXII to XLIX, 1861, 1864-80, to Subscribers at 1-8 per number and to non-subscribers at Rs. 2 per number. Asiatic Researches, vols. VI. to XI. and vols. XIII. XVII. XIX. and XX. eacn,. ee eecanveeee £6eeeeeeeeseaoee Ceeseeeee Ceeeen Si aw EUS Do. Do. Index, @eseeeee@ seeeeveee ceeeee ee seseeeeue Cataloptie' of :Fosail Vertebratans iticscecte costccpe cetcisns svecs vine beens of Arabic and Persian Manuscripts, .....002 secseeve ss Tibetan Dictionary, | «00% oe ceceee seen ns Grammars) 3%... 5 Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts, ve fasci. WV Aaa New iau nel vicel Geos) dis pa erem Istilahat-i-Sufiyah. Edited by Dr. A. Sprenger, 8vo. vee edeebese voneshesienl Jawaimi’ ul-’ilm ir-riy4zi, 168 pages with 17 plates, 4to. Aborigines of India, by B. H. Hodgson, .... cous tas ev evive Examination and Analysis of the Mackenzie Manuscripts, by the Rey. W. messes Han Koong Tsew, or the Sorrows of Han, by J. Francis Davis, *Inayah, a Commentary on the Hidayah, Vols. II. [V., Analysis of the Sher Chin, by Alexander Csoma de K6r6s, .....6 cccsee csuese Khazanat-ul-’ ilm, eeeeeseeaeeseeoeevseeecrenmeesvaeevpeoeeeseeevee esos ee seeeeneeveseeeeeeeecee Sharayat-ul- Islam, S@eseseseeceen een eeeeoeeeeoeoe cesses eseeeoeeee ee eees Anis-ul- Musharrihin,.. sees eevee esee seeeese eer eoee seseee Ceseee Catalogue Raisonné of the Society’s Sanskrit MSS. Part I, Grammar,.... ssseee Moore and Hewitson’s Descriptions of New Indian Lepidoptera, Part I, with *3 Coloured Plates, G@eeecoase @Oneessaceeeeeese £08880 88 CeESBeSCe Ceesenee eee @esecoee ceuccee eeee e008 eeeeeeoseeenee e6eeeees r—— to bm Or to Orenwmo rh © WON OO & ~ 7) Se ee ee ee ee ee ed 10 10 — ~_— ome — WR HRCA W OOS -_ _ ~ Sonor wood Or OW PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. EDITED BY ] HE JEONORARY pPECRETARIES. i = < ,. ees So rane Prcenten ee eed Made 9 29S 5 ls «The bounds of its investigation will be the geographicallimits of Asia: and within these limitsits inquiries will be extended to whateveris performed by man or produced by nature.” —Siz WiLL1am Jonzs, ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, .sccccsccceesenserccese sosseccee 4 UNCER, PRICK PED iN UMB ORs dckes vecvedidcevneystoad cette cts tec’ G. 90008, PosTAGE IN INDIA (ADDITIONAL), ...coceessccasseesee Lanna, PRICT IN: LINGDAND) icc suc cde saccad eawcocinecate chic ceendace: hae fas The publications of the Society consist —of the Proceedings, one num- ber of which is issued, as soon as possible, after every monthly meeting, and of the Jowrnai, the annual volume of which is divided into two Parts: Part I being devoted to History, Philology, &c., Part II to Natural Science; each part is separately paged and provided with a special index, and one number of each part is published quarterly. Single numbers for sale at the rates given on the last page of cover. *.* Tt is requested that communications for the Journal or Proceedings may be sent under cover to the Honorary Secretaries, Asiatic Soc., to whom all orders for these works wre to be addressed in India; or, im London, to the Society’s Agents, Messrs. Triibner and Co., 57 F 59, Ludgate Hill. WN. B.—In order to ensure papers being read at any monthly Meeting of the Society, they should be in the hands of the Secretaries at least a week before the Meeting. CALCUTTA: PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, AND PUBLISHED BY THE ASIATIC SOCIETY, 57, PARK STREET. 1881. e/, CONTENTS. Page Monthly General Meeting for December..,. Wulsdhab ev eat nitins amet es 169 Presentations.......... DW deih as soa Gsh'esedss dines esbie s csiete aint sny oct ere ee Election of Honorary Members... ace nye Coker spas Pens vanes) kame Election and withdrawal of Ordinary Members.e....ss0s cesses ces cos bees ok hee Papers— 1, A numerical Estimate of the Species of Animals, chiefly Land and Fresh-Water, hitherto recorded from British India and its Dependencies.—By W. T. Blanford, F. B.S. (Abstract)... ab. 2. Notes on an apparently ‘undeseribed Varanus from Tenas- serim, and on other Reptilia and Amphibia.—By W. T. Blanford, F. R. 8. (Abstract) .......2-cescaisescertesseesersneees 171 3. Description ‘of a new species of Rostellaria, ‘from the. Bay of Bengal.—By Geoffrey Nevill, C. M. Z. s. (Abstract)...... 172. 4. Description of a new species of the Lepidopterous Genus Huripus from North-Eastern India, Toes J. Wood-Mason (Title eye ate petiss nde hakeaeey an MR TADYBTY <5 svc ddvp ban toes los ve thee ee vic see ONES cBapan: Ce Sok oaks wee Manca oa Index 1.5) raeest Eee a ea Sp TN ee LIST OF BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE LIBRARY OF THE prsiatic POCIETY OF PENGAL, N o. 57, PARK STREET, CALCUTTA, AND OBTAINABLE FROM THE SOCIETY’S LONDON AGENTS, MESSRS. TRUBNER & CO. 57 anp 59, LupGatTE Hi, Lonpon, E. C, ¥ BIBLIOTHECA INDICA, Sanskrit Series. Rs, ; 1. Atharvana Upanishads, Fase. I—V @ /10/ each ee a 2 2. Aévaldéyana Grihya Sutra, Fasc. I—IV @ /10/ each oe eel me 8 3, Agni Purana, Fasc. I—XIV @ /10/ each Pa nt) 4. Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rig Veda, Fasc. I—V @ /10/ each 8 2 5. Aphorisms of Sandilya, Fasc. I ‘e oe Oran 6. Aphorisms of the Vedanta, Fasc. I1—XIm @ 10/ each ~.. - 6 14 7. Brahma Sitras, Fase. I. ve Pre 4 | 0 8. Bhamati, Fasc. I—VIII @ /10/ each. ee »» 56 0 9. Brihat Aranyaka Upanishad, Fasc. I—XI @ / 10/ each ae Peppy ry? 10. Ditto English Translation, Fasc. I—III @ /10/ each Pye | 11, Brihat Samhita, Fasc, I—III, V—VII @ /10/ each 6 os Oem 12. Chaitanya-Chandrodaya Nitaka, Fasc. I—III @ /10/ each ite ie: 13. Chaturvarga Chintémani, Fasc. I—XXXVII @ /10/ each ». 23 2 14, Chhandogya Upanishad, Sanskrit Fasc. I—V1 @ /10/ each tee ea yb 15, Ditto English, Fasc. I and If @ /10/ each os ee 16. Categories of the Nyéya Philosophy, Fasc. I and If @ /10/ each AP A ath. 17. Dasa Rapa, Fasc. I—IIL @ /10/ each wp ay | 18. Gopatha Brahmana, Fasc. [ and II @ /10/ each. ee arp ee | 19, Gopala Tapani, Fasc. Cw ee oe oe ee 0 10 (Continued on third page of cover.) Se ee Se gee? ase Gobhiliya Grihya Sutra, Fasc. I—XII @ /10/ each we Rs. Hindu Astronomy, Fasc. I—III @ /10, each .. as Ys& Kena Katha Prasna Munda Mandukya Upanishads, Fase. TII—VI @ /10/ each ee * ee oe ee Katantra, Fasc. I—VI @1/each .. oe ee Katha Sarit Sigara, English, Fasc. I—IX @ 1/ ‘each ee i Kaushitaki Brahmanopanishad, Fasc. I and IL @ /10/ each Kavyadarsa of Sri Dandin, Fasc. I—II (Fasc. LII—V out of stock), @ /10/ each ‘e 5 Fihrist Tisi, or, Tiisy’s list of Shy’ah Books, Fase, I—IV @ /12/ each». . Futth-ul-Shim Wagidi, Fasc. I—IX @ /10/ each y Fe Ditto Azadi, Fasc, I—IV @ /10/ each ‘vs A Haft Asmin, History of the Persian Masnawi, Fase. I iY sh History of the Caliphs, English, Fasc. I—VI @ 1/each .,, ee Ce I Ot kt CO oD ea) ePrwonr ocr nd += ne. KH OND OSC HM KH RP EP NWN DAH OR ee NH = Oronrkakee > 00 ~ —_ —_ Poo rhNS OF Ch» m OS CO i Cro OF > = & OC im Or i) oR OC OO-m Iqbalnamah-i-Jahangiri, Fasc. I—II1 @ /10/ each "¥ Rs. 1 Isabéh, with Supplement, Fasc. I—XXIX @ /12/ each a? BR Maghiazi of Wagidi, Fasc. I—V @ /10/ each se ve 3 Muntakhab-ul-Tawarikh, Fasc. I—X V @ /10/ each vy) Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, Fase. I—XVIII @ /10/ each, and Fasc. XIX with Index @ /12/ ie 12 Mw sir-i-’ Alamgiri (complete), Fasc. I—VI @ / 10/ each .. re tene Nukhbat-ul-Fikr, Fasc. I 0 Nizémi’s Khiradndmah-i-Iskandari, Fasc. I and II @ 1/ each 2 Suytty’s Itqan, on the Exegetic Sciences of the Koran, with Supplement, Fasc. I—X @ 1/4 each es ee 12 Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, Fasc. I—V @ / 10/ each is + awe Ditto English, Fase. I—X1IV @ 1/ each sy .. 14 Térikh-i-Firaz Shahi, Fasc. I—VII @ /10/ each ve ost Tarikh-i-Baihaqi, Fasc. I—IX @/10/each .. ve EPs Wis o Ramin, Fase. I—V @ /10/ each oe ee Aa. Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts, Fasc. I—XV @ 1/each ., Sra ASIATIC SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS. Astatic Reszarcues. Vols. VII—XI; Vols. XIII and XVII, and Vols. XIX and XX @ 10/ each.. .. 90 Ditto - Index to Vols. I—X VIII 5 Procespineas of the Asiatic Society from 1865 to 1869 (incl. ) @ /4/ per No. ; and from 1870 to date @ /8/ per No. Journal of the Asiatic Society for 1843 (12), 1844 (12), 1845 (12), 1846 (5), 1847 (12), 1848 (12), 1849 (10), 1850 (7), @1/ per No. to Sub- seribers and @1/8 per No. to Non-Subscribers; and for 1851 (7), 1857 (6), 1858 (5), 1861 (4), 1864 (5), 1865 (8), 1866 (7), 1867 (6), 1868 (6), 1869 (8), 1870 (8), 1871 (7), 1872 (8), 1873 (8), 1874 (8), 1875 (7), 1876 (7), 1877 (8), 1878 (8), 1879 (7), 1880 (8), @ 1/8 per No. to Subscribers and @ 2/ per No. to Non-Subscribers. N. B. The figures enclosed in brackets give the number of Nos. in each Volume. General Cunningham’s sg Un ea Survey Report for 1863-64 (Extra No., J. A. S. B., 1864) .. 3 tone Ethnology of India (Extra No., J. A. 'S. B. , 1866) P Theobald’s Catalogue of Reptiles i in the Museum of the Asiatic Society (Extra No., J. A. 8. B., 1868) : 2 Catalogue of ‘Mammals and Birds of Burmah, by E. 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