PROCEEDINGS OF THE Biological Society of Washington VOLUME XVI 1903 WASHINGTON PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY 1904 COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION WILLIAM P. HAY, Chairman GERRIT S. MILLER, Jr. DAVID WHITE CONTENTS. Officers and committees for 1903 v Proceedings vii-xi A New Sauropod Dinosaur from the Jurassic of Colorado, by J. B. Hatcher ... 1-2 Description of a New Species of Gecko from Cocos Island, by Leonhard Stejneger 3-4 Review of the Classification of the Cyrenacea, by William H. Dall . 5-8 A New Cocklebur from New Mexico, by T. D. A. Cockerell . . . 9-10 A New Name for the Hawaiian Bird Genus Oreomyza, by Leon- hard Stejneger 11-12 Description of a New Quail-Dove from the West Indies, by J. H. Riley 13-14 A New Cliff Swallow from Texas, by Harry C. Oberholser .... 15-16 Description of a New Vireo, by Harry C. Oberholser 17-18 Psilostrojjhe, a Neglected Genus of Southwestern Plants, by Aven Nelson 19-24 Two New Spermophiles from Alaska, by W. H. Osgood 25-28 Two New Plants from New Mexico, by Aven Nelson 29-30 Descriptions of Eleven New Malayan Mouse Deer, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr 31-44 Three New Plants from New Mexico, by Aven 'Nelson and T. D. A. Cockerell 45-46 Two New Wood Rats (Genus Neotoma) from State of Coahuila, Mexico, by C. Hart Merriam 47-48 General Notes . 49-52 Three fishes new to the fauna of New Mexico, T. D. A. Cock- erell, 49; Note on Phoca nigra Pallas, J. A. Allen, 49 ; A new name for Mas atratus Miller, Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., 50 ; A new name {HopUas) for the genus Macrodon of Miiller, Theo. Gill, 50 ; The technical name of the Indian Flying Fox, Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., 50 ; A note on the Florida Phoebe, Reginald Heber Howe, Jr., 51 ; A new subgenus for Nyctaginia cockerellx, T. D. A. Cockerell, 52 ; On the name of the common American Eel, Austin H. Clark, 52. A New Reilhrodontomys from Western Nebraska, by Merritt Cary 53-54 A New Genus and Species of Dragonfly from Brazil, by James G. Needham 55-58 A New Species of Flying Lizard from Sarawak, Borneo, by Thomas Barbour 59-60 Two New Species of Chamteleon, by Thomas Barbour 61-62 Mammals of Mt. Katahdin, Maine, by B. H. Dutcher 63-72 Eight New Mammals from the United States, by C. Hart Merriam 73-78 Four New Mammals, Including a New Genus ( Teanopus) from Mexico, by C. Hart Merriam 79-82 The Short-mouthed Snake (Eutainia brachystoma Cope) in South- ern Michigan, by Hubert Lyman Clark 83-88 Description of a New Neotoma from Mexico, by Outram Bangs . . 89-90 The Hawthorns of Northeastern Wisconsin, by J. H. Schuette . . 91-98 (iii) iv Contents. General Notes 99-102 The proper name of the Redwood Chickaree, Outram Bangs, 99 ; A new name for the Dinosaur Haplocanthus Hatcher, J. B. Hatcher, 100 ; Corrections to the nomenclature of the Eocene fossil corals of the United States, T. Wayland Vaughan, 101 ; Note on the generic name Hylophilus, Harry C. Oberholser, 101 ; The Short-leaved Sundew in Vir- ginia, Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., 102. A New Landshell from California, by Paul Bartsch 103-104 Descriptions of New Genera, Species, and Subspecies of North American Birds, by Robert Ridgway 105-112 The North American Forms of Astragalinus psaltria Say, by Harry C. Oberholser 113-116 A New Species of Habenaria from Cuba, by Oakes Ames .... 117-118 A New Nataline Bat from the Bahamas, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. . 119-120 A New Pigmy Squirrel from Central America, by E. W. Nelson . 121-122 A New Hognose Snake from Florida, by Leonhard Stejneger . . 123-124 General Notes 125-128 Earliest name for the American Crow, Charles W. Richmond, 125; Relationships of the Madagascar genus Hypositta Newton, Robert Ridgway, 125; Note on Sciurus mollipilosvs Audubon and Bach man, J. A. Allen, 126 ; The Nodding Pogonia in the vicinity of Washington, Charles L. Pollard, 127 ; A new Violet from Kentucky, Charles L. Pollard, 127 ; Scolecophagus pre- occupied, Charles W. Richmond, 128 ; On the name Eniconelta, Charles W. Richmond, 128. A New Species of Large Iguana from the Bahama Islands, by Leonhard Stejneger 129-132 On Species of South American Delphinid.se Described by Dr. R. A. Philippi in 1893 and 1896, by Frederick W. True 133-144 A New Hare from Greece, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr 145-146 A New Squirrel from Lower Siam, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr 147-148 Description of a New Telmatodytes, by Harry C. Oberholser . . . 149-150 Descriptions of New Birds from Southern Mexico, by E. W. Nelson 151-160 Descriptions of Two New Mole Rats, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. . . 161-164 A Second Specimen of Euderma maculedum, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. 165-166 Diagnoses of Nine New Forms of American Birds, by Robert Ridgway 167-170 Diagnoses of New Species of Mollusks from the Santa Barbara Channel, California, by William Healey Dall . . . 171-176 Descriptions of Some New Tree Hoppers from the United States, by Elmer D. Ball 177-182 OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON For 1903 (ELECTED DECEMBER 27, 1902) OFFICERS President B. W. EVERMANN Vice-Presidents WM. H. ASHMEAD T. S. PALMER F. H. KNOWLTON WILLIAM P. HAY Recording Secretary WILFRED H. OSGOOD Corresponding Secretary T. W. STANTON Treasurer DAVID WHITE COUNCIL WILLIAM H. DALL* CHARLES L. POLLARD THEODORE GILL* GEORGE M. STERNBERG* L. 0. HOWARD* H. J. WEBBER FREDERICK V. COVILLE* M. B. WAITE A. F. WOODS LESTER F. WARD* C. HART MERRIAM* CHARLES A. WHITE* J. N. ROSE STANDING COMM1TTEES-1903 Committee on Communications V. K. Chesnut, Chairman Vernon Bailey A. B. Baker A. F. Woods Marcus W. Lyon, Jr. Committee on Publications William P. Hay, Chairman Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. David White * Ex-Presidents of the Society. (v) Vol. XVI, pp. vii-xii. April 18, 1904 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PROCEEDINGS. The Society meets in the Assembly Hall of the Cosmos Club on alternate Saturdays at 8 p. m. Brief notices of the meetings, with abstracts of the papers, are published in Science. January io, 1903 — 364th Meeting. The President in the chair and 54 persons present. Walter Evans spoke of a forest reserve which was about to be established in northeastern Porto Rico. The following communications were presented : L. 0. Howard : Exhibition of Lantern Slides Illustrating Yellow Fever Investigations in Cuba. S. E. Meek : The Geographic Distribution of the Fresh-water Fishes of Mexico. O. P. Jenkins : Rate of the Nervous Impulse in Certain Invertebrates. January 24, 1903— 365th Meeting. The President in the chair and 27 persons present. William Palmer exhibited specimens of Cainptosorus rhizophyllus, showing irregularities in the form of the base. T. D. A. Cockerell recorded three species of fish new to the Territory of New Mexico. The following communications were presented : A. D. Hopkins: Work of Forest Insects. O. F. Cook : An Ordinal Character in the Diplopoda. 0. F. Cook : Evolution, Cytology, and Mendel's Laws.* ♦Pop. Sci. Monthly, LXIII, pp. 219-228, July, 1903, (vii) viii The Biological Society of Washington. February 7, 1903 — 366th Meeting. The President in the chair and 37 persons present. The following communications were presented : Vernon Bailey : The Goodnight Herd of Buffaloes and Cataloes in Texas.* T. H. Kearney : Further Observations on the Effect upon Seedlings of Sodium and Magnesium. Frank Bond : Irrigation Methods and Machinery. February 21, 1903 — 367th Meeting. The President in the chair and 34 persons present. Carleton R. Ball exhibited specimens of 5 species of grasses of the genus Elymus, illustrating differences between those grown in open and in shady places. The following communications were presented : D. E. Salmon : The Recent Outbreak of the Foot and Mouth Disease in New England.f H. J. Webber: Egyptian Cotton in the United States. J W. E. Safford : The Fauna of the Island of Guam.? March 7, 1903 — 368th Meeting. The President in the chair and 42 persons present. F. A. Lucas exhibited lantern slides showing the famous fossil-bearing quarries of Solenhofen, Bavaria, and also views of colonies of iguanas on the Galapagos Islands. ' The following communications were presented : F. W. True: Attitudes and Movements of Living Whales. || O. F. Cook : Biological Notes from Liberia. March 21, 1903 — 36gth Meeting. The President in the chair and 31 persons present. T. D. A. Cockerell exhibited specimens of cockleburs intermediate be- tween Xanthium commune and Xanthium commune intermedium. B. W. Evermann spoke of shad from Pensacola, Florida, found to be identical with the Alabama shad. The following communications were presented : T. S. Palmer : The Preservation of Pelican Island as a Breeding Ground for Birds. Walter H. Evans: The International Catalogue of Scientific Literature. Vernon Bailey : Desert Life of Western Texas. Paul Bartsch : Notes on the Herons of the District of Columbia.^ * Forest and Stream, LX, p. 325, Apr. 25, 1903. t 19th Ann. Rept. Bur. Anim. Industry, U. S. Dept. Agric, pp. 391H108, 1903. X Trans. New Eng. Cotton Manuf. Assoc, No. 74, pp. 202-216, 1903 ; Proc. 7th Ann. Conven. So. Cotton Spinners' Assoc, pp. 127-141, 1903. I Birds of the Marianne Ids., The Osprey, N. S., I, pp. 39-42, March, 1902 ; pp. 65-70, April, 1902. || Smithsonian Misc. Col., XLV (quarterly issue), pp. 91-94, pis. xxiv-xxvi, Dec. 9, 1903. \ Smithsonian Misc. Col., XLV (quarterly issue), pp. 104-111, Dec. 9, 1903. Proceedings. ix April 4, igo3 — 370th Meeting. Vice-President Ashmead in the chair and 39 persons present. The following communications were presented : H. J. Webber : Bud Sports and Bud Variation in Breeding. R. H. True: The Manufacture of Tea in America. W. C. Kendall : The Fishes of the Rangely Lakes. April 18, 1903 — 371st Meeting. The President in the chair and 25 persons present. The following communications were presented : W. J. Spillman : Agrostological Problems in the United States. B. H. Dutcher: The Mammals of Mount Katahdin, Maine* V. K. Chesnut : Notes on the Dissemination of Sedum douglassi by Proliferous Shoots. May 2, 1903 — 372nd Meeting. Vice-President Hay in the chair and 25 persons present. The following communications were presented : F. V. Coville: Wocas: An Aboriginal Cereal (Nymphaea polysepala).f J. W. T. Duvel : Vitality of Seeds, % G. H. Shull : Geographic Distribution of the Sugary Quillwort (Isoetes saccharata). \ May 16, 1903 — 373rd Meeting. The President in the chair and 30 persons present. F. V. Coville exhibited a monstrous specimen of the grape-hyacinth. Frank Baker announced that the collection at the National Zoological Park had recently been increased by three specimens of the echidna and by the birth of a tapir. The following communications were presented : C. W. Stiles : The New American Hook-worm and its Medical Im- portance. || F. V. Coville : Location of the Desert Botanical Laboratory of the Carne- gie Institution.*7 October 17, 1903 — 374th Meeting. The President in the chair and 17 persons present. L. O. Howard spoke of the length of silk in single cocoons of the silk- worm, stating that in 15 cocoons actually measured the length varied from 880 to 1,102 yards. * Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XVI, pp. 63-72, May 29, 1903. t Ann. Rept. U. S. Nat. Museum for 1902, pp. 725-739, March, 1904. I To be published as a bulletin of the Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. § Botanical Gazette, XXXVI, pp. 187-202, Sept., 1903. || Bull. No. 10, Hyg. Lab., TJ. S. Pub. Health and Marine Hosp. Serv., pp. 1-121, fig. 1-86, 1903. •J Carnegie Inst., Wash., Pub. No. 6, 1903. x The Biological Society of Washington. The following communications were presented : T. S. Palmer: Indexing Scientific Names, with Special Reference to the Genera of Mammals.* 0. F. Cook: Central American Mutations of Coffee. W. P. Hay: Terrapin Culture in the United States. October 31, 1903 — 375th Meeting. The President in the chair and 37 persons present. "Walter Evans exhibited a copy of a circular of directions for the destruc- tion of mosquitoes to be distributed in the Hawaiian Islands and printed in all the languages commonly used there. L. 0. Howard stated that the larvae of Anthrenus varians of the family Dermestidae, had been observed to prey upon the eggs of the tussock moth . The following communications were presented : R. P. Currie : A Recent Entomological Expedition to British Columbia. M. A. Carleton : Geographic Distribution of the Oat Plant. Ch. Warded Stiles : The Dwarf Tapeworm {Hymenolepis nana), a Newly Recognized and Rather Common Parasite of Man in the United States. t November 14, 1903 — 376th Meeting. The President in the chair and 41 persons present. Lester F. Ward spoke of the description, in 1840, by C. G. Ehrenberg, of 14 hypothetical species of Diatomaceee, 10 of which were afterward actually discovered and recognized. W. H. Dall discussed the existence of a dorsal keel toward the tail in porpoises. G. K. Gilbert exhibited photographs showing a remarkable development of heliotropism in the trunks of Pinus balfouriana. in California. The following communications were presented : Lester F. Ward : The Dresden Cycad (Cycadeoidea reichenbachiana). F. A. Lucas : The Making of a Whale. November 28, 1903 — 377th Meeting. The President in the chair and 37 persons present. The following communications were presented : H. F. Moore: The Artificial Fattening of Oysters. F. H. Hillman : The Comparative Effects of the Seed Midge and of Brucophagus funebris on the Structure of Clover Fowers and Fruits. Charles Hallock : Sea Trout Where No Rivers Are. O. F. Cook : The Vegetative Vigor of Hybrids and Mutations. * Index Generum Marnmaliuni, N. Am. Fauna, No. 23, pp. 1-984, Feb., 1904. t N. Y. Med. Journ. and Phila. Med. Journ. (consolidated) (1301), Vol. 78 (19), pp. 877-881, figs. 1-5, Nov. 7, 1903. Proceedings. xi December 12, 1903 — 378th Meeting. The President in the chair and 31 persons present. L. A. Fuertes exhibited a painting showing the life colors of the soft parts of the California condor and another showing a hybrid between two genera of quail, Lophorlyx and Oreortyx. H. E. Van Deman exhibited specimens of the "Grimes Golden" apple. The following communications were presented : W. H. Ashmead : Remarks on Japanese Hymenoptera. V. K. Chesnut and Harry T. Marshall : Some Observations on " Locoed " Sheep. Charles Hallock : The Bison as a Factor in the Distribution of Aboriginal Population in Mid-Continental America. Vol. XVI, pp. 1-2 February 21, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW SAUROPOD DINOSAUR FROM THE JURASSIC OF COLORADO. BY J. B. HATCHER. The remains upon which this paper is based were discovered and collected by Mr. W. H. Utterback in the lower Jurassic, in the quarry long worked by the late Professor Marsh, and situated some eight miles north of Canyon City, Colorado. Haplocanthus priscus, gen. et sp. nov. The type (No. 572, Carnegie Museum Collection) of this genus and species consists of the two posterior cervicals, ten dorsals, five sacrals with the ilia, ischia and pubes and the nineteen anterior caudals, two chevrons, a nearly complete series of ribs, and a femur, all in an excel- lent state of preservation. The present genus and species can be distinguished from the known genera and species of the Dinosauria by the following characters: Neural spines of posterior cervicals and anterior dorsals absolutely simple instead of deeply bifurcated as in all other known genera of the Sauropoda. Sacrum composed of five vertebrae firmly coossified by their centra and func- tioning as sacrals. Sacral ribs and diapophyses greatly expanded trans- versely so as to appear proportionally low and broad. Neural spines of sacrals very short, only moderately expanded transversely, the three anterior coossified forming a long bony plate. Pubes massive and united by an extended cartilaginous pubic symphysis which is interrupted 1— Pboc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (1) 2 Hatcher — New Dinosaur from Colorado. medially by an elongated foramen. Pubic foramen large and situated some distance from the supero-internal border of the bone. Neural arches in dorsal vertebrae extremely high as compared with depth of centra or height of neural spines. Cervicals strongly opisthoccelus, and dorsals only moderately so and becoming almost, platyccelus in the pos- terior dorsal region. Transverse processes of dorsal vertebrae extending obliquely upward and outward from summits of neural arches. Caudal centra short and somewhat amphiccelous with neural spines simple, low, and much compressed. Transverse processes of caudals each consisting of a simple, slender process which in the anterior caudal springs from the side of the neural arch. Posteriorly the transverse processes rapidly decrease in size and assume a more inferior position, so that in the twelfth caudal they are reduced to a rounded knob of bone on the side of the centrum, and in the succeeding caudals they have disappeared altogether. The centra of the anterior caudals are subcircular in outline, but in the posterior caudals the vertical diameter mvich exceeds the transverse. The femur is rather longer than one might expect, considering the size and proportions of the individual vertebrae, but does not differ materially from that bone in other genera of the Sauropoda. Haplocanthv s may be regarded as the most generalized member of the Sauropoda yet discovered in America. That it is a member of the Sauropoda is clearly shown by the structure of the pelvis and by the characters exhibited by the cervical, dorsal and caudal vertebrae. The comparatively simple structure of the individual vertebrae from the various regions of the spinal column form a striking contrast to that complicated system of laminae and buttresses found in the vertebrae of Diplodocus, Brontosuurus, Morosaurvs, and other Sauropods, and indicates that Haplocanthvs was a more primitive form than any of the latter genera. Its affinities are clearly with the Morosauridce and in size it is comparable with the smaller forms of Morosaurus. Its principal skeletal features will be fully described and illustrated in a forthcoming Memoir of the Carnegie Museum. Vol. XVI, pp. 3-4 February 21, 1903 . PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF GECKO FROM COCOS ISLAND. BY LEONHARD STEJNEGER. [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] Professor P. Biolley, naturalist of the Museo Nacional, San Jose, Costa Rica, visited Cocos Island, off the western coast of Costa Rica, in 1 002, and has sent me specimens of two species of lizards for identification. One is the Anolis toicmsendi de- scribed by me recently (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXXVI, No. 6, p. 163, Nov., 1900) from the same island. The other is a new gecko of the genus Sphcerodactyhts which has its center of distribution in the West Indies but of which several species are also known from Central America and northern South America. Sphaerodactylus pacificus, sp. nov. Diagnosis. — Dorsal scales very small, juxtaposed, keeled; ear-opening same size as digital disc; large supranasals separated by two scales, a third median scale anterior to them in the posterior cleft of rostral: scales on top of head keeled. Type.— 13. S. National Museum, No. 31057; Cocos Island; Prof. Biolley, collector. Habitat. — Cocos Island, Pacific Ocean off the west coast of Costa Rica, Description of type specimen. — Adult; U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 31057. 2— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (3) 4 Stejneger — New Species of Gecko. Snout moderately pointed, longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, about once and two-thirds the diameter of the eye; ear- opening small, not larger than the discs of the fingers, pear-shaped, hori- zontal; rostral moderately large with a cleft in the posterior margin, in which is a small median scale; nostril between rostral, first supralabial, a rather large supranasal, and a small postnasal ; supranasals separated by two flat hexagonal scales on a line behind the rostral and the small median scale; four large supralabials to below the center of the eye, followed by two small ones, first very long; three large lower labials corresponding to the four large supralabials, followed by two smaller ones, first being as long as the first two supralabials combined; mental large, truncate posteriorly; behind the mental and adjoining the lower labials, large flat scales decreasing in size posteriorly and passing gradu- ally into the granules of the throat; upper surfaces covered with small juxtaposed, granular scales slightly smaller than those on the flanks and keeled, those on the occiput being exceedingly small; the scales on the frontal region somewhat elongate, those on the snout considerably larger, irregularly polygonal, flat but distinctly keeled; a pointed horn-like scale on the superciliary edge a little anterior to the center of the eye; ventral scales rather large, imbricate; tail cylindrical, tapering, covered above with irregular fiat scales somewhat smaller than the ventrals, with scarcely any indication of verticels; tail below with a median series of dilated shields except at base which is covered by large flat imbricate scales. Color (in alcohol) brownish; a pale band extending from the nostril through the upper part of the eye and backwards along the side of the neck communicating with that of the other side in two places across the upper neck; this band can be traced as a very irregular series of pale marblings along the sides of the body; a fairly well-defined dusky band borders this pale one below and across the upper neck, and is in turn bordered below by a pale line on the temples; top of head with ill-defined longitudinal pale marblings the continuation of which may be traced as an irregular pale median dorsal band; tail similarly colored; underside pale, indistinctly mottled with darker brownish. Dimensions (in millimeters). — Type: total length, 82; snout to ear- opening, 11; width of head, 6.5: snout to vent, 47; vent to tip of tail, 35: fore limb, 14; hind limb, 18. Variation. — The four additional specimens sent (U. S. N. M. 31058-61) agree in structural characters very well with the above, except that in none of them is the underside of the tail covered with enlarged cross plates. In No. 31061 the tail is also somewhat longer than the distance from snout to vent. The coloration is also essentially alike, except that in 31059 the longitudinal bands are better defined and more regular, especially on the posterior portion of the body; the underside in all is uniformly pale. Remarks. — This species seems to be most nearly related to Sphawodac- tylv.8 lineolatus from Central America, from which it differs, among other things, in having the upper head scales keeled. Vol. XVI, pp. 5-8 February 21, 1903 PROCEEDINGS or THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON REVIEW OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE CYRENACEA. BY WILLIAM H. DALL. In working over the Cyrenacea for the Memoir on the Ter- tiary Fossils of Florida, in course of publication by the Wagner Institute of Science, it was found that both the nomenclature and the classification were in a state of deplorable confusion. While the details are reserved for that memoir, it was thought that a synopsis of the arrangement adopted might be of use to the students of the group, and it is hei-ewith presented. Family Cyrenidoe. Genus Miodontoptis Dall (nov.). Type Cyrena media Sowerby. Juras- sic. This is Miodon Sandberger, 1870, not Carpenter, 1865. Genus Loxoptychodon Sandberger, 1872. Type Cyrena intermedia De- shayes. Lower Eocene, France. Genus Plesiastarte Fisher, 1887. Type P. crenulata Deshayes (as Cyrena). Lower Eocene, France. This is Anomala Cossmann, 1886, not Hiibner, 1816. Genus Ditypodon Sandberger, 1872. Type Cyrena suessii C. Mayer. Lower Pliocene of Italy. ?Genus Donacopsis Sandberger, 1872. Type Cyrena acutangularis De- 3— Phoc. Biol. Soc. Wash. vol. XVI, iy03. (6) 6 Dall — Revision of Cyrenacea. shayes. Eocene of France. I suspect this to be merely a subdivision of Cyrena. Genus Cyrena Lamarck, 1818. Type Cyrena bcngalensis Lamarck. Recent. India. Section Polymesoda Rafinesque, 1820. Type Cyclas caroliniana Bosc. Recent. South Carolina. Cyprinella and Diodus Gabb, and Leptosiphon Fischer are synonymous. Section Pseudocyrena Bourguignat, 1854. Type Cyrena maritima D'Orbigny. Cuba. Anomala Deshayes, not Hiibner, Egeta H. and A. Adams, and Cyrenocapsa Fisher are synonymous. Section Oeloina Gray, 1844. Type Cyrena coaxans Gmelin (C. zeylan- ica Lamarck). Recent. Ceylon. Section Egetaria Morch, 1861. Type E. pullastra Morch. West coast Central America. Section Isodoma Deshayes, 1858. Type /. cyprinoides Deshayes. Eocene of France. Subgenus Leptesthes Meek, 1872. Type Corbicula fracta Meek. Eocene of Nebraska Genus Corbicula Megerle, 1811. Type Tellina fivminalis Muller. India. Section Veloritina Meek, 1871. Type Corbicula durkeei Meek. Cre- taceous of Wyoming. Section Corbiculina Dall (nov.). Type Corbicula angasi Prime. Aus- tralia. Smaller and more delicate than Corbicula s. s. and viviparous. Section Tellinocyclas Dall (nov.). Type Cyrena tellinella Deshayes Parisian Eocene. Small, heavy, elongate and acute, with short distant lateral teeth. Section Cyrenodonax Dall (nov.). Type C. formosana Dall. Recent. Formosa. Like Donacopsis but inflated, without radial sulcation and having an entire pallial line. Subgenus Cyanocyclas Ferussac, 1818 (restricted). Type Corbicula limosa Maton. South America. Genus Villorita Gray, 1833. Type V. cyprinoides Wood. Indo China and Japan. The name was spelled Velorita by Gray in 1842. Genus Batissa Gray, 1853. Type B. tenebrosa Hinds. Australia. Genus Egeria Roissy, 1805. Type Venus paradoxa .Born. Rivers of West Africa. Oalatea Bruguiere, Trigona Schumacher not Jurine, Potamophila Sowerby, Oalateola Fleming, and Megadenma Bowdich are synonymous. Section Egeria s. s. Type E. paradoxa Born. Section Profischeria Dall (nov.). Type Fischeria Delesserti Bernardi. West Africa. This is Fischeria Bernardi, 18G0, not Robineau Desvoidy, 1830. Dall — Revision of Cyrenacea. Family Sphteriidje. Genus Sphmrium Scopoli, 1777. Type Tellina cornea Linne\ North Europe. Cyclas Lamarck not Link, Cornea Megerle, Amesoda Rafin- esque, Cycladites Kriiger, Pisum Bourguignat not Megerle, and Corneola Clessin, not Held, are synonymous. Subgenus Sphavium s. s. Type S. corneum Linne\ Section Cyrenastrum Bourguignat, 1854. Type 8. solidum. Normand. France. Section Sphceriastrum Bourguignat, 1854. Type S. rwicola Leach. England. Subgenus Musculium Link, 1807. Type Tellina lacustris Muller. Denmark. Calyculina Clessin is synonymous. Subgenus Eupera Bourguignat, 1854. Type Pisidium moquiyiiamim Bourg. Brazil. Limosina Clessin is synonymous. Genus Corneocyclas Ferussac, 1818, (restricted). Type Tellina ptmlla Gmelin. Germany. Subgenus Corneocyclas. Section Corneocylas s. s. Type C. pusilla Gmelin. Section Phymesoda Rafinesque, 1820. Type Tellina virginica Gmelin. Virginia. Section Pisidium C. Pfeiffer, 1821. Type Tellina amnica Muller. Denmark. Section Cyclocalyx Dall (nov.). Type Pisidium scholtzii Clessin. Ger- many. The umbones high and constricted below the nepionic shell, otherwise like Corneocyclas s. s. Subgenus Cymatocyclas Dall (nov.). Type Pisidium compressum Prime. Cambridge, Mass. Nepionic valves flat, transversely undulated, sharply marked off from the rest of the disk, otherwise as in Corneocyclas. Subgenus Tropidocyclas Dall (nov.). Type Pisidium henslowianum Sheppard. England. Nepionic valves with an oblique, elevated, radial keel and distinctly delimited from the rest of the disk. Fossarina Cles- sin, 1873, not Adams, 1863, is synonymous. Notes. Pera Leach and Euglesa Leach, 1852, are synonymous with Corneo- cyclas s. s. Galileja Costa; Euglesia Leach, 1840; Pisum Gray, 1847, not Megerle, 1811; Cordula Leach; Fluminina Clessin; Cycladina Clessin; and Rivulina Clessin; are not separable from Pisidium s. s., if judged by their types; most of them are based on perfectly worthless characters. The specific determinations of Westerlund in the 'Fauna der Palsearcti- 8 Doll — Revision of Cyrenacea. schen Region' have been accepted in determining the synonymy of the types. It may be of interest to state here that the group Cyclas, a name ap- plied by Bruguiere, in 1798, to a heterogeneous assembly, and afterward used by Lamarck for species of the prior genus Sphcerium, was first properly divided by Link in 1807, who segregated Musculium and took the largest and first species of Bruguiere as a type for the genus Cyclas. This was the Venus islandica of Linne, to which, subsequently, the names of Cyprina Lamarck, 1S12; Arctiea Schumacher, 1817, not Moeh- ring, 1758; and Cypriniadea Rovereto, 1900, were applied. These be- come synonyms of Cyclas (Bruguiere) Link, whose only species and type is Venus islandica L. Vol. XVI, pp. 9-10 February 21, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OK THfc BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW COCKLEBUR FROM NEW MEXICO. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL. My work on the plants of the region about Las Vegas has brought to light the interesting form of Xanthium commune Britton, described below. The first specimens collected were referred to Prof. E. O. Wooton, who was then working at Col- umbia University. He found that nothing of the kind was represented in the Columbia herbarium and concluded that the species was new. Upon his return to New Mexico I urged him to publish it, but he delayed, and after a couple of years we both became doubtful of the validity of the species, observing that nothing but the burs would separate it from X. commune (then called by us A", canadense). Later our doubts were con- firmed when I found at Las Vegas a pair of burs, one of each kind, growing on the same twig. This specimen is now in the herbarium of the Agricultural College at Mesilla Park. Among hundreds of plants since observed, I have not seen another like it, nor havel seen a plant which could not at once be referred to one or the other form. Xanthium commune wootoni, sp. nov. Similar in all respects to X. commune Britton, but the burs more slen- der (greatest transverse diameter about G mm., beaks and prickles about 4-Paoc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (9) 10 Cockerel! — New Cockle bur from New Mexico. 5| mm.), and the prickles much less numerous (about 25 to the bur) and "mostly stouter basally. Collected by the writer at Espanola, N. M. and Las Vegas, N. M. It occurs abundantly, always growing with X. commune. Specimens of X. c. wootoni have been sent to Prof. E. L. Green and to Dr. P. A. Rydberg. The former said it was unknown to him, the latter considered it a new species. It is, in fact, a species in the De Yriesian sense, of more than ordinary interest. Las Vegas specimens sent to the U. S. National Herbarium may be regarded as the types (No. 404186). Other specimens showing leaves and flowers as well as burs, are in the Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden and the Herbarium of the New Mexico Agricultural College. VOL. XVI, PP. 11-12 FEBRUARY 21, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OV THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW NAME FOR THE HAWAIIAN BIRD GENUS OREOMYZA. BY LEONHARD STEJNEGER In 1887 I established the genus Oreomyza for a Hawaiian bird then described for the first time, viz. Oreomyza baircli. It now appears that in the same year Pokorny gave the identi- cal name to a genus of Tipulid insects. Fortunately it is pos- sible to settle beyond a doubt the question which of the two has priority, since Pokorny's name was published on February 28 and mine not until July 2, thus: Oreomyza Pokorny, Wiener Entomol. Zeitung, 1887, Feb. 28, p. 50. Oreomyza Stejneger, Proc. IT. S. Nat. Mus., 1887, July 2, p. 98. The latter, therefore, must give way, and in order to cause as little change as possible I propose to substitute the word Oreomystis for the bird genus. The following species are now included in this genus: 1. Oreomystis bairdi Stejneger (type). 2. Oreomystis mana (Wilson). 3. Oreomystis perkinsi (Rothschild). 4. Oreomystis flammea (Wilson). 5. Oreomystis newtoni (Rothschild). 6. Oreomystis maculata (Cabanis). 7. Oreomystis montana (Wilson). 5— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903 (11) Vol. XVI, pp. 13-14 February 21, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW QUAIL-DOVE FROM THE WEST INDIES. BY J. H. RILEY. [By pel-mission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] While examining some doves labeled Geotrygon mystacea I was struck by the variations exhibited by specimens from the different parts of its range. My material has not been sufficient to work these out satisfactorily, but the following species is so very distinct that I take this opportunity of describing it. My thanks are due to Dr. J. A. Allen, of the American Museum of Natural History, Mr. Charles B. Cory, of the Field Columbian Museum, and to Mr. Outram Bangs, of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, for the loan of specimens. Geotrygon sabs, sp. now Type— Adult female, No. 80,982, U. S. National Museum, Saba Island. W. I., collected by F. A. Ober. Characters. — Differs from Geotrygon mystacea in being darker above, in having the breast light hazel passing into vinaceous-rufous (vinaceous- cinnamon in mystacea), the belly cinnamon-rufous, the lining of the wings darker, and the tail darker and more strongly edged with a darker shade of brown. Measurements.— Wing, 170; tail, 89: exposed culmen, 21 mm. 6-Pboc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (13) 14 Riley — New Quail-Dove from the West Indies. Remarks. — Schlegel (Mus. Pays-Bas, Columbse, 1873, 164) gives the type of Temminck's Columba mystaeea as coming from the Island of Hayti. I know of no recent record of the bird from that island. Tem- minck's plate represents a bird without the dark rictal stripe and with lighter underparts than any specimen I have been able to examine. The U. S. National Museum possesses a specimen from Culebra Island (reported from here for the first time) that comes nearer the plate of mystaeea than any other specimen in the series before me. I take it to represent true mystaeea and have compared the Saba bird with it. The type of saba, though a female, is so very different from any of the other specimens before me that I am unable to explain these differences on account of sex. The dark color of the breast serves to distinguish it at a glance from mystaeea. Vol. XVI, pp. 15-16 February 21, 1903 PROCEEDINGS or THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW CLIFF SWALLOW FROM TEXAS. BY HARRY C. OBERHOLSER. Mr. Ridgway has called my attention to certain differences characterizing the cliff swallow of southwestern Texas, which differences seem to warrant its subspecific separation. It may therefore be known as PetrocheHdon lunifrons tachina, subsp. now Chars, subsp. — Similar to PetrocheHdon lunifrons lunifrons, but decid- edly smaller, the forehead ochraceous instead of cream color. Description.— Type, adult male, No. 168,271, U. S. N. M., Biological Survey Collection; Langtry, Texas, April 26, 1901; H. C. Oberholser. Upper surface dark steel green, the forehead ochraceous, the rump rufous, the hind neck with a narrow collar of light brownish gray, succeeded anteriorly by an imperfect one of chestnut; wings and tail fuscous, with a greenish gloss, the innermost secondaries (tertials) and primary coverts with margins of pale grayish; chin, cheeks, and auricu- lars, continuous with the collar, chestnut; center of throat steel green; breast, and sides of throat and neck behind the chestnut, dull light brownish, the first with a strong ochraceous tinge; remainder of ventral surface white, with the sides and lower tail-coverts pale fuscous, the anal region ochraceous. Length of wing (type), 104 mm. ; tail, 45 mm. ; exposed culmen, 7 mm. ; tarsus, 11.5 mm. Although seemingly most like true P. lunifrons, the bird above de- scribed is intermediate between lunifrons and melanogastra, approaching 7— Pkoc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1V03. (15.) 16 Oberholser — A New Cliff Swallow from Texas. in size very close to the latter. In respect to the color of the forehead, as well, its aberration from lunifrons is in the direction of melanogastra, ■with which also it may be found to intergrade. After due allowance has been made for individual variation which, however, does not exist to an unusual degree, the characters exhibited by this new race seem to be very constant, at least in the considerable series available for exam- ination. Apparently all the breeding cliff swallows of southwestern Texas ought to be referred to tachina, the range of which extends thence into eastern Mexico as far at least as Vera Cruz. The following average measurements of the three forms of Petrocheli- don here concerned have been kindly furnished by Mr. Ridgway. They relate to males, and are in millimeters. No. of Speci- mens Name Wing Tail Exposed Culmen Tarsus Middle Toe 17 Petrochelidon lunifrom lunifrons 108.6 49.4 7.2 12.6 12.2 7 Petrochelidon lunifrons tachina 102.1 45.3 7.6 12.1 12.1 8 Petrochelidon melanogastra 103. 46.4 6.8 12. 11. * Vol. XVI, pp. 17-18 February 21, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW VIREO. BY HARRY C. OBERHOLSER. The vireos of the bellii type from southwestern Texas, though in certain respects intermediate between Vireo bellii bellii and Vireo bellii pusillus seem to be sufficiently distinct from either to require a name. In view of this they may be called Vireo bellii medium, subsp. nov. Chars, subsp. — Similar to Vireo bellii bellii, but paler, more grayish above; paler and much less extensively yellow below. Geographical distribution. — Southwestern Texas, and immediately ad- jacent portion of Mexico. Description.— Type, adult male, No. 168275, U. S. N. M., Biological Sur- vey Collection; Boquillas, Texas, May 24, 1901; H. C. Oberholser. Head and nape brownish gray; back and scapulars dull grayish olive green, the rump rather brighter; wings and tail fuscous, margined exteriorly with olive, the former crossed by two distinct dull white bars; lores grayish white; sides of head and neck pale brownish gray; underparts white, washed with yellowish across the breast; flanks and sides of body pale olive yellow; under tail-coverts yellowish. The differences between this race and true bellii are most evident in the much more grayish head, the decidedly darker back, and in the restriction of the yellow of the flanks and sides — the middle of abdomen and breast being almost pure white. In size there appears to be no material difference. From Vireo bellii pusillus it may be distinguished by its darker, less uniform upper surface, the back being distinctly olive 8— Pboc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903, (17) 18 Oberholser — Description of a Neic Vireo. green in contrast to the head and nape; the much more yellowish flanks and sides; the rather less purely white under surface; and the decidedly shorter tail. Specimens to the westward in the range of Vireo bellii medius indicate intergradation with, pusillus, and taken in connection with hardly typi- cal examples of the latter from extreme western Texas, show pretty con- clusively that to pusillus there belongs a trimomial name. Average millimeter measurements of five specimens of each of these three forms are as follows: Vireo bellii bellii (Kansas and Illinois): wing, 55.6; tail, 45.8; exposed culmen, 10; tarsus, 18.5; middle toe, 9.8. Vireo bellii medius (Texas): wing, 54.1; tail, 46.3; exposed culmen, 9.7; tarsus, 18.5; middle toe, 9.4. Vireo bellii pusillus (California): wing, 54.6; tail, 49.6; exposed culmen, 9.3; tarsus, 18.9; middle toe, 9.9. Vol. XVI, pp. 19-24 March 19, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PSILOSTROPHE, A NEGLECTED GENUS OF SOUTHWESTERN PLANTS. BY AVEN NELSON. The collections of Mr. Leslie N. Goodding, a student in the University of Wyoming, made in southern Utah and Nevada in the spring of 1902, are bringing to light some exceedingly interesting xerophytic plants. Among these is a shrubby Psilostrophe {Mklclellia), the study of which led to an inves- tigation of the whole genus. The species formerly recognized are only three and one vari- ety, and in spite of the remarkably heterogeneous mass of material found in the genus, the three names have been made to do duty for all that have been collected. The material found in the Rocky Mountain herbarium seemed to indicate some novelties, but to confirm these, Dr. J. N. Rose, Assistant Curator, U. S. National Herbarium, made it possible for me to examine the much larger series of specimens in that collec- tion. For this favor I wish here to express my hearty thanks. 9— Pboc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (19) 20 Nelson — The Genus Psilostrophe. Key to the species of Psilostrophe. Pubescence of the stem white and densely pannose. - 1. P. Cooperi. Pubescence of the stem villous or loosely floccose-lanate. Akenes and pappus arachnoid-villous. - - 2. P. gnaphalodes. Akenes and pappus glabrous. Pappus scales lanceolate, acute. Floral structures ceriferous; rays small. Moderately lanate; perennial - - 3. P. cerifera. Inordinately lanate; biennial - 3a. P. cerifera biennis: Floral structures free from wax; rays large. Fastigiately branched - - - A. P. tagetina. Simple stemmed - - - 4a. P. tagetina lanata. Pappus scales oval, obtuse, denticulate. - 5. P. pumila. Pubescence of stem scanty, softly hirsute. - - 6. P. sparsiflora. I. Psilostrophe Cooperi (Gray) Greene. Biddellia Cooperi Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7:358. 1868. Psilostrophe Cooperi (Gray) Greene, Pitt. 2:176. 1891. This species needs further study. The series of specimens examined shows much variation and yet not one that tallies closely with the origi- nal description. I rather suspect, however, that the original specimens by Cooper were undersized and not typical of the species as now repre- sented; that the description should be expanded to take in more truly shrubby forms, with leaves 4-7 cm. long, larger rays often 5 in number and with more numerous disk corollas (12-20). The pappus seems often to be of nearly entire lanceolate scales and the peduncles are far from filiform. Such amplified characters would take in all of the following, though the description as drawn by Dr. Gray excludes at least the first half of the series that follows: L. N. Goodding, No. 752, Bunkervill, Nevada, 1902; M. E. Jones, No. 3891, Yucca, Arizona, 1884; Dr. Smart, No. 278, Arizona, 1867; J. W. Tourney, No. 6396, Tucson, Arizona, 1892; W. F. Parish, Lowell, Ari- zona, 1884; Coville and Funston, No. 292, Pahrump Valley, Nevada, 1891; Dr. Palmer, No. 246, S. Utah, 1887; T. S. Brandegee, Arizona, 1892; Lt. Wheeler, Nevada, 1872; Dr. Palmer, Arizona, 1S69; J. W. Tourney, No. 639c, Castle Creek, Arizona, 1892; C. A. Purpus, No. 6125, Pahrump Valley, Nevada, 1898; Dr. Vasey, Tucson, Arizona, 1886. 2. Psilostrophe gnaphalodes DC. Psilostrophe gnaphalodes DC. Prod. 7:261.1838. Riddellia arachnoidea Gray, PI. Fendl. 94. 1849. This species is fairly uniform, though species so ticketed in the herb- Nelson — Th-c Genus Psilostrophe. 21 avia are often something else. As observed by Dr. Gray, the foliage is not essentially different from P. tagetina. One might suspect that some distributors believe the specific name refers to the pubescence of the leaves. It seems to be confined to Texas and adjacent Mexico. Chas. Wright, No. 380, Western Texas, 1849; C. G. Pringle, No. 9040, Jaral, Mexico, 1900; F. S. and E. S. Earle, No. 446, Devil River, Texas, 1900; Mex. Bound. Surv., No. 628; L. H. Dewey, College Station, Texas, 1891; V. Havard, No. 45, Stockton, Texas, 1881; M. E. Jones, No. 3718, El Paso, Texas, 1884. 3. Psilostrophe cerifera, n. sp.* Stems few to several from the enlarged crown of a ligneous taproot, or more rarely the crown raised on a short simple caudex; the stems simple or sparingly branched, 1-2 dm. long, floccose-tomentose; leaves lightly lanate. entire, lanceolate-spatulate, obtuse or acute at apex, the tapering base scarcely petioled; inflorescence corymbose, the rather small heads congested on the tips of the branches of the corymb; bracts of the narrow involucre broadly linear, in one series, rigid and closely connivent, the waxy or resinous particles with which they are sprinkled obscured by the lanate pubescence but extending to all parts of the flowers, the akenes, and even to the leaves of the plant; rays usually 3, the ligule 3-4 mm. long and nearly twice as broad, its slender tube equalling the ligule and almost equalled by the linear pappus-scales; disk flowers 10 or fewer, slightly articulately enlarged at the summit of the tube proper; akenes glabrous, not striate, somewhat 4-angled; pap- pus linear, nearly as long as the disk corollas. The type is Mr. M. A. Carleton's No. 201 (in Ry. Mt. Herb.), from the Cheyenne Country, Indian Territory, June 1891; distributed by the U. S. National Herbarium. Wholly typical are Mr. Paul J. White's speci- mens, Woods County, Oklahoma, June 29, 1900. Mr. Hitchcock's No. 741, from the Gypsum hills of Barker County, Kansas, is undoubtedly the same, though, on account of age, the leaves are largely wanting. A specimen by Prof. Kellerman, from Kansas, 1888, is more floccose woolly and has the appearance of being merely biennial, and this may be true of Mr. Hitchcock's specimens (the number cited) also. A very abnormal form is found in Mr. B. B. Smyth's specimens, No. 140, from Crooked Creek, Meade County, Kansas, which tends to con- firm the suspicion that in more northern localities this species is alto- gether biennial. These may be designated: 3a. Psilostrophe cerifera biennis, n. var. Larger than the species, mostly single-stemmed from the crown, often freely and intricately branched above, densely and permanently floccose *A paratype of Psilostrophe cerifera A. Nelson is in the National Herb- rium under the herbarium number 20,577. 22 Nelson — TJie Genus Psilostrophe. throughout; crown leaves and lower stem leaves wanting at the time of flowering. Type of the variety, as cited above, in the National Herbarium (No. 26,57.7). 4. Psilostrophe tagetina (Nutt.) Greene. Riddellia tagetina Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, 7:361. 1841. Gray, Syn. Fl., 317, probably in part only. Psilostrophe tagetina (Nutt.) Greene Pitt., 2:176. 1891. Even after segregating the species indicated as new in this paper the specimens at hand show considerable variation and may still be an aggregate, but to the writer the difference seems to be vegetative and not congenital. Judging by the specimens the center of distribution is New Mexico. Specimens examined. — New Mexico: E, O. Wooton, 1894; id, No. 6, 1897; F. S. and E. S. Earle, No. 374, 1900; A. A. and E. G. Heller, No. 3739, 1897; J. G. Smith, No. 25, 1897; G. R. Vasey, 1881; A. Fendler, No. 461, 1847; J. T. Rothrock, No. 463, 1874. Arizona: Walter Hough, No. 115, 1896; Comanche Plains, J. M. Bigelow, 1853. Somewhat aberrant and mostly distributed as Riddellia arachnoidea, are the following from Texas: L. H. Dewey, 1891; G. W. Letterman, No. 25, 1882; Newberry, 1859; Mex. Bound. Surv., No. 628. Still more aberrant and probably worthy of a varietal name are some other Texan specimens which may be called: 4a. Psilostrophe tagetina lanata, n. var.* Larger than the species, simple-stemmed or divaricately branched, long-lanate, floccose-woolly at the crown; leaves simple or pinnatifid and some of the stem leaves (often nearly all of them) sometimes deeply pin- nately lobed; the lobes oblong-linear, entire or toothed; rays usually larger than in the species. Specimens examined. — Texas: G. R. Vasey, 1881 (type); Mex. Bound. Survey, No. 629 (paratype); W. L. Bray, No. 416, 1899; (?) J. Reverchon, 1879. Type and paratype in National Herbarium. 5. Psilostrophe pumila (Jones) n. comb. Riddellia tagetina pumila, Jones, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., (2) 5:700, 1895. Psilostrophe BaJceri Greene, PI. Baker. 3:29. 1901. This perfectly valid species is certainly the handsomest one in the genus. That Mr. Jones' variety is the same as Dr. Greene's species *The type and paratype of Psilostrope tagetina lanata A. Nelson are in the National Herbarium under the herbarium numbers, respectively, of 156,585 and 26,581. Nelson — The Genus Psilostrophe. 23 admits of no question. The following series of specimens, some distrib- uted as one and some as the other, are remarkably homogeneous, as might be expected, since most of them are from type locality, which is the same for both. A fine example of this by Mr. Osterhout shows that the species under favorable conditions is not. unusually low. Specimens examined. Grand Junction, Colorado, M. E. Jones, 5474 (type), June, 1894; id. May, 1895; C. F. Baker, No. 106; S. G. Stokes, 1900; D. A. Saunders. No. 405, 1893; C. F. Baker, No. 14, Montrose; J. H. Cowen, No. 27G, Hotchkiss; G. E. Osterhout, Rifle, Colorado. 6. Psilostrophe sparslflora (Gray) n. comb. RidddUa tagetina sparsiflora Gray, Syn. PI. 1:318. 188G. Stems 1-3 dm. high, singly from the several crowns of the woody root, noticeably striate, green but with" a sparse hirsute pubescence which extends to the leaves: leaves alternate, linear, often narrowly so, rarely with one or two lateral teeth, 3-5 cm. long; the lower usually subspatu- late and decurrent upon the long slender petiole; heads corymbose on the slender pedunculate uppermost branchlets; ray flowers 3, the ligule 7-8 mm. long and noticeably broader, sprinkled with minute resin or wax particles, the tube very short and only partially closed, the style protruding from the fissure; disk flowers 10 or fewer, tubular, fully twice as long as the unequal, acute or more or less lacerate-tipped pap- pus pale;c; akenes angled, not perceptibly striate. This seems to be a singularly good species. I take as probably typical, of the plant that Dr. Gray so named as a variety, the form that occurs in Utah. That is truly with few heads. The Arizonan form is more freely flowered and with more numerous and more fascicled stems, but in all essentials they are the same. The green almost glabrous aspect, the regular alternation of the slender axillary branches and the almost umbellately-clustered slender-peduncled heads are characters quite peculiar to this species. Specimens examined.— Utah: M. E. Jones, No. 5296, Pahria Canyon, 1894; Dr. Palmer, No. 246£, Southern Utah, 1877. Arizona: J. B. Lei- berg, No. 5624, 1891; L. F. Ward, 1891; D. T. MacDougal, No. 229, 1898; H. H. Rusby, 1883: F. H. Knowlton, Nos. 182 and 272, 1889; M. E. Jones, Nos. 4038 and 6050a, 1884 and 1894: J. W. Tourney, No. 63S, 1892. I place here somewhat doubtfully Mr. Jones's No. 5291i, Pahria, Utah, 1894. Vol. XVI, pp. 25-28 March 19, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THR BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW SPERMOPHILES FROM ALASKA. BY WILFRED H. OSGOOD. In the light of recently secured material two forms of the well-known Alaska ground squirrels or spermophiles appear to be undescribed. Specimens of both forms have been in the National Museum for some years, but the lack of material from Hudson Bay and other important localities has heretofore made it difficult to determine their relationships. For the opportunity of describing these new forms and for the freedom of the Biological Survey and National Museum collections I am indebted to C. Hart Merriam and Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. Citellus • plesius ablusus, subsp. nov. Type from Nushagak, Alaska. No. 119,815, United States National Museum, Biological Survey Collection, $ ad., September 16, 1902. W. H. Osgood and A. G. Maddren. Original No. 2043. Characters. — Similar to C. plesius^ but larger; adult in fall with the hairs of the tail with at least two and often more annulations of black; skull larger and heavier than that of plesius and slightly different in de- tailed characters; somewhat similar to C. parryi and C. barrawensis but *For use of the name Citellus instead of Spermophilus Cf. Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. XVI, pp. 375-376, 1902. f Specimens now available indicate that C. plesius is entirely distinct from C. parryi and the several long-tailed forms related to it. 10— PBOC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. VOL. XVI, 1903. (35) 26 Osgood — Two New Sjierjnojyhiles from Alaska. tail much shorter; somewhat similar to C. kodiacensis but molar teeth actually and relatively larger; color less mixed with dusky. Color. — Type (fall moult nearly complete): Sides of head, neck, and to a great extent, shoulders and nape, pale gray darkened in places by a blackish slate undercolor; eye-ring and subauricular spot pure white; forehead and crown burnt umber; middle of back and rump vandyke brown spotted with distinct quadrate grayish white spots from one-fourth to one-half an inch apart: underparts dull grayish white overlaying blackish slate except on middle of belly, where vestiges of an earlier pelage show creamy buff; under side of tail dark tawny medially, lateral hairs of new pelage with three to four black or dusky annulations each and a broad grayish white tip, hairs of pencil with one or two narrower dusky annulations and a broader black subterminal section about 27 mm. in width; tip of tail grayish white; feet creamy white. Skull. — Similar to that of C. plesius but larger and heavier; nasals longer, relatively narrower, and more constricted posteriorly; molar teeth actually about as in plesius, therefore relatively small; molar teeth much smaller than in barrowensis but larger than in kodiacensis. Measurements. — Type: Total length, 394; tail vertebra^, 103; hind foot, 60. Average of seven adult males from the type locality: Total length, 374 (359-394); tail vertebra, 102 (95-108); hind foot, 59 (56-61). Skull of type: Basilar length of Hensel, 49; occipito-nasal length, 57.5: zygomatic breadth, 38; length of nasals, 21; alveolar length of molar series, 13.3. Remarks. — Spermophiles from the naturalized colony at Unalaska and from points on the Alaska Peninsula have in late years been tentatively referred to SpermophUus empetra, representing the form which will now be known as Citellus parryi, as in the absence of specimens from other localities this was the only safe course. The colony at Unalaska was stocked some years ago by Mr. Samuel Applegate, a Signal Service ob- server, who took the live squirrels from Nushagak, then called Fort Alexander, and liberated them at Unalaska. During the past year I secured good series of spermophiles from Nushagak and the region of the base of the Alaska Peninsula. These of course agree with others from Unalaska and are easily separable from plesius aud kodiacensis, the only forms with which they need close comparison. Citellus nebulicola, sp. now Type from Nagai Island, Shumagin Ids., Alaska. No. 59,145 United States National Museum, $ ad., June 24, 1893. C. H. Townsend. Characters. — Similar to Citellus kodiacensis but smaller, shorter-tailed and apparently paler colored; skull small and light with relatively nar- row braincase and basioccipital. Color. — Similar in general to that of C. kodiacensis but paler, the black and black-tipped hairs being much less numerous and the dusky about the nape and sides of head being much reduced; tail also with less black than in kodiacensis. No. 16,424, yg. $, buff phase: Underparts Osgood — Two New Spermophiles from Alaska. 27 chiefly ochraceous, including chest, belly, forelegs, sides of face and neck; underside of tail tawny margined with buff and submargined with black for its distal half; forehead and crown mars brown; back nape, rump, etc. uniformly and closely spotted with creamy white quadrate spots on a ground of mixed black and russet. Skull. — Similar to that of C. kodiacensis but smaller and lighter; molar teeth actually about as in kodiacensis, decidedly smaller than in ablusus; nasals rather narrow and elevated along the median suture as in kodia- censis; basioccipital much narrower; audital bullae higher and fuller; braincase narrower. Measurements.— Type (dry skin): Total length, 340; tail vertebra*, 82; hind foot, 53. Skull of type: Basilar length of Hensel, 42; occipito-nasal length, 49; zygomatic breadth, 32; length of nasals, 18; alveolar length of molar series, 12. Remarks. — The small series of five specimens of C. nebulicola which I have seen contains but one skin in good pelage and this is unaccompanied by a skull. The others, including the type, are rather worn and unsat- isfactory for comparison but are paler than kodiacensis in similar worn condition. The one skin showing fresh pelage is in a very ochraceous phase and shows much less mixture of blackish than kodiacensis in the same phase or stage of pelage. It is probable then that nebulicola will prove to be well characterized as far as color is concerned, at least in contrast with kodiacensis. The northern spermophiles of this group may be subdivided into two groups, one containing the large long- tailed forms with heavier teeth — parryi, barrowensis, and osgoodi — and another containing the smaller shorter-tailed forms with lighter teeth — plesius, ablusus, kodiacensis, and nebulicola. In the second group kodia- censis and nebulicola fall together on account of their smaller molar teeth as contrasted with plesius and ablusus. According to reports which I received from natives at Kodiak, the spermophiles were first brought there some years ago from North Semidi Island which lies a short dis- tance west of Kodiak and between Kodiak and the Shumagin Islands. The relationship shown between C. kodiacensis and C. nebulicola is thus quite in accordance with their geographic positions. Vol. XVI, pp. 29-30 March 19, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW PLANTS FROM NEW MEXICO. BY AVEN NELSON. Mr. and Mrs. Cockerell in their many collecting trips within the confines of New Mexico secure numerous specimens of great interest because of their limited representation in the herbaria or because of the fuller knowledge gained of the limits and variation of the species. As might be expected, in so large and even yet imperfectly understood a field as New Mexico, novelties are secured from time to time. The collectors have permitted the writer to study many of their numbers. Two of these are now proposed as new species. Nyctaginia Cockerellae, n. sp. Perennial, decumbent-spreading, with assurgent branches, 3-5 dm. high; stems and branches somewhat furrowed or angular, rough glandu- lar-pubescent especially upward; leaves triangxilar-hastate, 4-9 cm. long, somewhat fleshy, rough-pubescent or glabrate, mostly acute at apex, the margin irregular, abruptly contracted to the rather stout peti- ole which is about half the length of the blade; involucre 8-12 flowered; its bracts linear-lanceolate, about 1 cm. long; calyx about 28 mm. long, trumpet-shaped; its long slender tube pale-green, clammy glandular- hairy; its limb of 6 short plicate emarginate crimson-scarlet lobes; sta- mens usually 6 (rarely 8), exserted some 12-13 mm. ; the slender fila- ments united with the tube from the throat down; style exceeding the stamens and like them magenta colored; fruit lightly ribbed. 11— Pboc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (28) 30 Nelson — Two New .Plants from New 3fexico. A most distinct species, differing from N. capitata Chois. in its larger and subhastate leaves; in its calyx which has 6 emarginate lobes in contrast with 5 entire ones; in having 6 or 8 stamens which are united with the tube, in contrast with 5 nearly free ones; also in color and prob- ably in duration. The type (No. 59) was collected by Mrs. Wilmatte P. Cockerell (in whose honor the species is named) near Roswell, New Mexico, August, 1902. Mrs. Cockerell is an industrious student of the New Mexican flora and has found many interesting forms. It has also been collected near the same place by F. S. and Esther S. Earle, in 1900, No. 324. Type in Rocky Mountain Herbarium. Cryptanthe dlcarpa, n. sp. Stems few to several from a very slender taproot, 8-15 cm. high, slender, moderately pubescent with rather long white softly-hispid widely -spreading hairs; leaves linear or very narrowly oblanceolate, 2-4 cm. long; spikes at length loosely-flowered; calyx-lobes distinct to the base, narrowly linear, almost reduced to the distinctly thickened midrib, the nutlets showing between them, about 3 mm. long in fruit; corolla white, its tube slightly dilated near the middle where the anthers are situated; nutlets grayish-white, only two maturing, these dissimilar, one larger more persistent and scabrous-roughened under a lens, the other minutely roughened-papillose. In a general way related to C. crassisepala and its allies but slender- stemmed and quite distinct in its fruit characters. The type is No. 30, collected by T. D. A. Cockerell, at Mesilla Park, N. M. (Middle Sonoran Zone), and is deposited in the Rocky Mountain Herbarium. Vol. XVI, pp. 31-44 March 19, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OP THB BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF ELEVEN NEW MALAYAN MOUSE DEER. BY GERRIT S. MILLER, Jr. [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] The United States National Museum contains about two hun- dred Malayan mouse deer, most of, which have been collected and presented by Dr. W. L. Abbott.* Two specimens of un- *See the following papers by the author of the present article: Mammals collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott on Islands in the South China Sea. ,rs.— Largest known member of the kanchil group (hind foot about 130). General color lighter and more yellow than in Tragulus kanchil; nape stripe clear black, narrow, and very sharply defined. Color. — Type: General color above buff-yellow, heavily clouded with black on back, slightly on sides, where the ground color becomes paler. Cheeks and neck clear orange-buff, the former somewhat bleached and grizzled. Nape stripe clear black, sharply defined, only about 12 mm. in width. Crown brownish, faintly grizzled with yellowish. Supercili- ary stripe narrow and obsolete, though faintly visible in certain lights. Throat pattern normal, the oblique stripes united in front. Both collar and oblique stripes are essentially concolor with sides of neck* though the latter are rather heavily clouded with dark brown. Underparts and inner surface of legs white. Median line with a dull buff-yellow stripe, narrow and tinged with brownish anteriorly, about 35 mm. wide at mid- dle of belly. Tail dull yellowish brown above, pure white below and at tip. Skull and teeth. — The skull is similar to that of Tragulus kanchil ex- * "The Pelandok is the least of the three [the others are the napu ami the kanchil] in point of height, but has proportionably a larger and heavier body: it has also a larger eye.'* The context indicates that this statement rests on the authority of native accounts of the species. 38 Miller — Eleven JVew Malayan Mouse Deer. cept that it is larger and the rostral portion is more elongate. Teeth essentially as in the Sumatran animal, though the premolars appear to be less robust. Measurements. — External measurements of type (from well made skin): total length, 560; head and body, 470; tail vertebrae, 90; hind foot, 31.4 (19); ear from meatus, 35.6; ear from crown, 29. Cranial measurements of type: greatest length, 98 (92)*; basal length, 90 (86); basilar length, 86 (79); occipito-nasal length, 92 (88); length of nasals, 30.6(30); greatest breadth of both nasals together, 13.8(13.4); diastema, 11 (7); zygomatic breadth, 42 (40); least interorbital breadth, 27 (26); mandible, 75 (70.6); maxillary toothrow (alveoli), 32 (31); max- illary premolars (crowns), 15.4 (16); mandibular toothrow (alveoli), 36.4 (36): mandibular premolars (crowns), 16(16.4). Specimens examined. — Three, the type from Mount Dulit, an adult male from Kinabatigan River and a female from the neighborhood of San dak an. Remarks. — The two specimens from British North Borneo have been so injured by the action of a preservative fluid that their color cannot be compared with that of the type. The color pattern is, however, the same. In general color the Bornean kanchil is not unlike Tragulus raws of the Malay Peninsula, but the back is more heavily clouded relatively to the sides, and the nape stripe is of a very different charac- ter. In Tragulus kanchil the black clouding on both back and sides is noticeably in excess of the light element in the color, while in the Bornean animal this is true of the back only and even here to a distinctly less degree than in the Sumatran form. JB' Tragulus natuna?, sp. nov. 1894. Tragulus javanicus Thomas and Hartert, Novitates Zoologica?, I, p. 660. September, 1894. Not Cervus javanicus Osbeck. 1895. Tragulus javanicus Thomas and Hartert, Novitates Zoologicas, II, p. 492. December, 1895. Part, included T. pallidus. 1901. Tragulus javanicus Miller, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., Ill, p. 115. March 26, 1901. Type. — Adult female (skin and skull), No. 104,614 United States Na- tional Museum. Collected on Bunguran Island, North Natunas, July 9, 1900, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 555. Characters. — In general similar to Tragulus kanchil, but smaller (hind foot of females 112-118 mm.) and more yellow. Color. — The color pattern in all its details exactly resembles that of Tragulus kanchil but the ground color of upperparts is bright tawny- ochraceous instead of yellowish buff, and the black clouding is not in excess of the ground color. Nape band, broad and conspicuous, slightly * Measurements in parenthesis are those of an adult male Tragulus kanchil from Tapanuli Bay, Sumatra (No. 114,426). Miller — Eleven New Malayan Mouse Deer. 39 speckled by the yellowish annulations of some of the hairs, its lateral boundaries not very sharply defined. Crown dull brown, distinctly not as dark as in T. kanchil, and with most of the hairs noticeably annulated. Throat markings normal, the transverse dark bands united interiorly. Both transverse bands and collar are ochraceous, but the former are distinctly clouded with a darker brown, much less so, however, than in Tragulus kanchil. Underparts with the usual yellowish markings; these not as dark as in T. kanchil and showing more of a tendency to spread laterally. Skull and teeth. — The skull closely resembles that of Tragulus virgi- collis, having a more elongate rostrum than in T. kanchil. This is par- ticularly noticeable when the skulls are viewed from the side. The teeth do not, apparently, differ from those of the related species, but in the single male skull the premolars, both above and below, are remarkably heavy, and the first maxilliary tooth is strongly imbricated over the second. Measurements. — External measurements of type: total length, 523; head and body, 460; tail vertebra, 63; hind foot, 118 (106); ear from meatus, 31 ; ear from crown, 26. Average of five adult females from the type locality: total length, 524 (520-532); head and body, 468 (460-482); tail vertebrae, 58 (50-70); hind foot, 116 (112-118); hind foot without hoofs, 103 (100-106). Skull of type: greatest length, 97; basal length, 92; zygomatic breadth, 43; diastema, 12. Weight. — Type 1.8 kg. Average of five females from Bunguran Island, 2 (1.8-2.3). Specimens examined. — Five skins and one extra skull, all from the type locality. Remarks. — Although Tragulus natunce approaches the Bornean T. vir- gicollis in its elongated rostrum and yellow color it is readily distin- guishable by its small hind foot and broad, not sharply defined nape stripe. The bright color alone is enough to separate it from Tragulus kanchil. With Tragulus pallidus of Pulo Laut, North Natunas it needs no comparison. Tragulus subrufus, sp. now 1902. Tragulus javanicus Miller, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. 143. June 11, 1902. Not Cervus javanicus Osbeck. Type. — Adult female (skin and skull) No. 113,119 United States Na- tional Museum. Collected on Sinkep Island, South China Sea, Septem- ber 5, 1901, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 1285. Characters. — Similar to Tragulus kanchil but color above slightly more yellow; and underparts much more extensively washed with fulvous. Color. — The color above is slightly more yellow than that of Tragulus kanchil but not as bright as in T. natunae. Ground color orange buff, slightly paler on sides, and everywhere clouded with black, though less than in the Sumatran animal. Neck and outer surface of limbs tawny- 40 Miller — Eleven New Malayan Mouse Deer. ochraceous a little grizzled by blackish hair tips. Upper surface of tail ochraceous-rufous washed with dark brown. Nape band broad and distinct but not sharply defined at sides, black with a few yellowish specks, Crown dark brown, faintly grizzled. Throat markings normal, slightly darker than in Tragulus kanchil. Underparts strongly washed with orange-buff along median line, this wash usually spreading toward sides and often separating white of chest from that of inguinal region. While there is some variation in this character the suffusion is always more extensive than in the Sumatran animal, so that when series are compared the difference is very noticeable. Skull and teeth. — The skull and teeth do not differ from those of Tragulus kanchil. Measurements. — External measurements of type: total length, 540: head and body, 470; tail vertebra, 70; hind foot, 125 (113); ear from meatus, 32; ear from crown, 28. Measurements of an adult male from the type locality: total length, 528; head and body, 450: tail vertebra1, 78; hind foot, 120 (108.5). Skull of type: greatest length, 97; basal length, 90; zygomatic breadth, 42. 6; diastema, 10.8. Weight. — Type, 2.27 kg. Adult male from type locality, 1.8 kg. Specimens examined. — Nineteen: five from Sinkep Island and fourteen (three in alcohol) from Linga Island. Remarks. — In a certain degree this species is intermediate between the dull, dark, Tragulus kanchil of Sumatra, and the very bright T. natunce. It is readily distinguishable from both of the related species. Tragulus rubeus, sp. now Type. — Adtdt female (skin and skull) No. 115,522 United States Na- tional Museum. Collected on Pulo Bintang, Rhio Archipelago, August 20, 1902, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 1914. Characters. — Similar to Tragulus subrufus but with slightly larger skull and teeth and brighter colors. Color. — Upperparts deep ochraceous-rufus, fading to tawny-ochrace- ous on sides and brightening to tawny on neck and outer surface of limbs. The back and sides are heavily clouded with black, about as in Tragulus kanchil. Underparts as in T. subrufus except that the fulvous is everywhere brighter and more red, very nearly approaching the och- raceous-rufous of Ridgway. Skull and teeth.— The skull and teeth resemble those of Tragulus sub- rufus except that both average slightly larger. Measurements. — External measurements of type: total length, 543: head and body, 478; tail vertebra?, 65; hind foot, 125 (113); ear from meatus, 36; ear from crown, 32. Two adult males from the type locality (Nos. 115,519 and 115, 521) measure respectively: total length, 545 and 522; head and body, 465 and 457; tail vertebra?, 75 and 65; hind foot, 120 (108) and 118 (106). Skull of type: greatest length, 99; basal length, 91; zygomatic breadth, 41. Miller — Eleven New Malayan Mouse Deer. 41 Weight.— Type, 2.4 kg. Adult male (No. 115,519) 1.8 kg. Sp< cirru ns examined. — Five, all from the type locality. Remarks. — This species differs from all other known members of the kanchil group in its dark, rich color and broad but inconspicuous nape stripe. Its characters are in every way parallel with those of the napu of the same island. Tragulus ravulus, sp. nov. 1000. Tragulus javanicus Miller, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XIII, p. 192. December 21, 1900. Part, specimens from Pulo Adang. Not Gervus javanicus Osbeck. Type. — Adult female (skin and skull), No. 104,717, United States Na- tional Museum. Collected on Pulo Adang, Butang Islands, December 1(5. 1899, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 161. Characters. — Similar to Tragulus rants of Trong, Lower Siam, but smaller, the neck paler, and the nape stripe more ill defined. Color. — The color so closely resembles that of Tragulus ravus* as to need no detailed description. The back and sides are light ochraceous- buff clouded with black, the two colors almost equally mixed, though the black is a little in excess on back. Throat markings and under- pays as in T. ravus. Neck a lighter shade of ochraceous than in the mainland animal, and nape stripe ill contrasted with surrounding parts. SJcuU and teeth. — The skull is not distinguishable from that of Tragulus rants, but the teeth, particularly the upper premolars, appear to be more robust. The material at hand, however, is not extensive enough to prove that this character is constant. Measurements. — External measurements of type: total length, 525; head and body, 450; tail vertebrae, 75; hind foot, 113 (103); ear from meatus, 32; ear from crown, 27. Measurements of an adult male from the type locality: total length, 518; head and body, 455; tail vertebra, 63; hind foot, 112 (102). Skull of type: greatest length, 96; basal length, 89; zygomatic breadth, 41.8; diastema, 11. Weight.— Type 1.8 kg. Adult male, 1.6 kg. Specimens examined. — Two, both from Pulo Adang. Remarks. — Although closely related to Tragulus ravus the kanchil of Pulo Adang appears to be sufficiently distinct to need recognition by name, though relative unfamiliarity with the group led me in 1900 to place it with the mainland form. Tragulus lancavensis, sp. nov. 1900. Tragulus javanicus Miller, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XIII, p. 192. December 21, 1900. Part, specimens from Pulo Lankawi. Not Cercus javanicus Osbeck. *See Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XV, p. 173. August 6, 1902. 42 Miller — Eleven New Malayan Mouse Deer. Type.— Adult female (skin and skull), No. 104,412 United States Na- tional Museum. Collected on Pulo Lankawi, off west coast of Malay Peninsula (about 75 miles north of Penang), December 7, 1899, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 132. Characters. — Similar to Tragulus ravus but general color slightly more yellow and underparts extensively washed with orange-buff. Color. — The color is very similar to that of Tragulus ravus, but the ochraceous-buff of the upperparts is noticeably brighter and more yellow, particularly that of back and sides. Chest and anterior half of belly strongly washed with dull orange-buff along median line, this suf- fusion tending to spread at sides so as to separate white of inguinal re- gion from that of front part of chest. While this character is not wholly constant, it is sufficiently prevalent to impart a very different aspect to series of specimens of the two species. Skull and teeth. — The skull and teeth do not differ appreciably from those of Tragulus ravus, though they probably average somewhat larger. Measurements. — External measurements of type: total length, 520; head and body, 455; tail vertebra;, 65; hind foot, 117 (105); ear from meatus, 34; ear from crown, 29. Average of six adult females from the type locality: total length, 521 (505-545); head and body, 456 (435-480); tail vertebra, 65 (65-65); hind foot, 118 (115-119); hind foot without hoofs, 105.5 (102-107). Skull of type: greatest length, 99; basal length, 94; zygomatic breadth, 42; diastema, 12. Specimens examined.- — Thirteen, all from Pulo Lankawi. Remarks. — The more extensive material now at hand brings to light differences between this animal and the mainland from which passed unnoticed when I examined the island series in 1900. The yellowish suffusion on the underparts suggests that of the bright colored species from Sinkep, Linga, and the Rhio Archipelago, but is much less intense. Tragulus lampensis sp. nov. Type.—kd\x\t female (skin and skull) No. 104,429, United States Na- tional Museum. Collected on Pulo Lampee or Sullivans Island, Mergui Archipelago, February 4, 1900, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 299. Characters. — Similar to Tragulus lankavensis, but yellower throughout, particularly on underparts. Color. — The color is in general like that of Tragulus ravus and T. lan- cavensis, but is more strongly yellow than in either. The wash on the underparts is of the same extent as in T. lancavensis, but is a bright orange-buff. Skull and teeth. — I cannot see that the skull and teeth differ from those of the related species. Miller — Eleven New Malayan Mouse Deer. 43 Measurements. — External measurements of type: total length, 515; head and body, 460; tail vertebrae, 55; hind foot, 118 (108); ear from meatus, 33; ear from crown, 27. Two other adult females (Nos. 104,430 and 104,431) measure respectively: total length, 500 and 540; head and body, 435 and 470; tail vertebra?, 65 and 70; hind foot, 113 (104) and 118 (108). Skull of type: greatest length, 97; basal length, 91; zygomatic breadth, 42; diastema, 10. Specimens examined. — Three, all from Sullivans Island. Vol. XVI, pp. 45-46 March 19, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THREE NEW PLANTS FROM NEW MEXICO. BY AVEN NELSON AND T. D. A. COCKERELL. The material on 'which this paper is based has already been described in a general way in the preceding article. It was collected by Mr. and Mrs. Cockerell and has been studied conjointly by Professor Nelson and Mr. Cockerell. flumulus Lupulus neomexicanus, n. var. Leaves divided or sometimes parted, the segments varying from broadly lanceolate to nearly linear, acuminate, freely sprinkled with resin particles on the lower face; fruiting bracts ovate-lanceolate, usu- ally acuminate, finely pubescent. The hop indigenous in New Mexico seems to possess these characters in variance with the usual and more widely distributed form and may probably best stand as a variety. The type of the variety is No. 14, T. D. A. Cockerell, Beulah, N. M. (Canadian Zone) August, 1902. It is also abundant on the Yalle Ranch, Pecos, N. M., and was collected by Professor Wooton in the White Mountains of that State (No. 294). Polemonium pterospermum, n. sp. Low, 1-2 dm. high, glabrate below, glandular-puberulent above and in the inflorescence; stems several, spreading or decumbent at base, terete but for a few acute longitudinal ridges, very leafy, especially 13— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (45) 46 Nelson and Cocker ell — New Plants from Neio Mexico. above; leaves broadly oblong in outline, 4-6 cm. long; the segments oblong, acute, 8-12 mm. long; the lower distinct and subpetiolate, the terminal crowded and slightly confluent; the petiole short or in the uppermost leaves wanting; flowers terminal or from the uppermost axils, in congested corymbs; calyx-lobes about equaling the campanu- latetube; corolla purple, campanulate, 10-12 mm. long, quite as broad, the tube short, its lobes broadly ovate, moderately obtuse; filaments narrowly margined, shorter than the corolla, somewhat incurved, glab- rous but involved in dense fine pubescence at the insertion; style fili- form; the stigmas narrowly linear, exserted; ovules few, apparently only 2 or 3 maturing; the seeds narrowly wing-margined and subcon- cave ventrally. This species has for its nearest allies P. filicinum Greene and P. Arch- ibaldae A. Nelson, but it is a much smaller plant than either, with larger corolla and very different seeds. Collected at Cloudcroft, Sacramento Mountains (Canadian Zone), N. M., by T. D. A. Cockerell, September, 1900. Type in Rocky Mountain Herbarium. Mertensia caelestina, n. sp. Low and leafy, 5-15 cm. high, perfectly gabrous except for the ciliate- scabrous edges of the leaves and the calyx-lobes; leaves 2-3 cm. long, elliptic-oblong, tapering to both ends, subacute, the basal short-petioled; flowers congested in terminal clusters; pedicels short, slender; calyx cleft nearly to the base; calyx-lobes linear, subacute, about 5 mm. long; corolla dark-blue about 12 mm. long, tube a little longer than the calyx and the limb, the lobes broadly or truncately obtuse, the pubescence of the ring at the base coarse and conspicuous, appendages of the throat yellow; filaments dilated, as broad as or broader than the anther. Collected by Mrs. Wilmatte P. Cockerell, No. 40, Truchas Peaks, N. M., above timber line (Arctic- Alpine Zone), 1902. Type in Cockerell Herbarium. Vol. XVI, pp. 47-48 March 19, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW WOOD RATS (GENUS KEOTOMA) FROM STATE OF COAHUILA, MEXICO. BY C. HART MERRIAM. Among the mammals collected by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman in Coahuila, Mexico, in the spring of 1902, are two new species of JVeotoma, which may be characterized as follows. Neotoma navus, sp. nov. Type from Sierra Guadalupe, Coahuila, Mexico. No. 116,895, 9 ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. April 26, 1902.' E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Original No. 15,130. Characters. — Size medium; tail rather long; ears medium. Similar to N. mexicana but tail decidedly longer; frontals expanded posteriorly un- like the previously known members of the mexicana group; anterior lobe of first upper molar cut in two by deep notch on inner side, as in mexi- cana. Color. — Ground color of upperparts buffy ochraceous, moderately, evenly, and rather inconspicuously lined with black hairs; sides of face buffy ochraceous, the color reaching forward to nose (not stopping under eye as in mexicana); fore feet from wrists and hind feet from ankles white; head grayish; tail sharply bicolor, narrowly dusky above, broadly white below; underparts white, the plumbeous underfur showing through posteriorly; axillfe salmon. Cranial characters. — Skull and teeth rather slender, about as in N. mexicana, which appears to be its nearest relative; bullae small; pre- maxilhe exceeding nasals. The skull differs from that of mexicana in 14— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (47) 48 Merriam — Two New Wood Hats. having the frontals expanded posteriorly, forming supraorbital shelves; anterior root of zygoma more slender, with smaller antorbital notches; bullae decidedly smaller and less inflated anteriorly. Measurements.— Type ( 9 ): Total length, 350; tail vertebra*, 164; hind foot, 34. Adult male from same place: total length, 330; tail vertebra;, 152; hind foot, 36. Skull of type. — Basal length, 37; zygomatic breadth, 21.5; palatal length, 21.5; diastema, 12; upper molar series on alveolus, 8.5. Neotoma goldmani, sp now Type from Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. No. 116,894, $ yg. ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. April 18, 1902. E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Original No. 15,101. Characters. — Size small; tail rather short, sharply bicolor; ears rather large; color grayish, becoming buffy ochraceous on flanks. Skull small, similar in general to that of desertorum but much smaller, with strik- ingly smaller bullae; anterior lobe of first upper molar single and with- out anterior notch. Color. — Upperparts buffy grayish, becoming buffy ochraceous on flanks; back well sprinkled with black tipped hairs, most abundant on posterior half; head and face gray, washed with buffy ochraceous on cheeks; underparts and feet white; tail above dark brown (nearly black in fresh pelage); below white or nearly white. Cranial characters. — Skull small, light, and smoothly rounded, even in old age; frontals flat interorbitally, broad anteriorly and not expanded posteriorly (much as in mexicana but relatively broader and flatter); nasals narrowly wedgeshape, truncate behind: premaxilke reaching far beyond nasals and somewhat expanded posteriorly; interparietal subtri- angular, long transversely, strongly convex anteriorly. Remarks. — Neotoma goldmani is a very small species with a peculiar combination of cranial and dental characters. It does not require close comparison with any known species. Measurements. — Average of four from type locality: total length, 279; tail vertebrae, 128; hind foot, 30. Skull of an adult male from type locality: basal length, 33; zygomatic breadth, 19; palatal length, 18.2; diastema, 11; interorbital breadth, 5.5; upper molar series, 7. Vol. XVI, pp. 49-52 March 19, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NOTES. Three fishes new to the fauna of New Mexico. When in the Pecos Valley last August, I obtained three species of small fishes, which have been very kindly identified by Dr. B. W. Ever- mann, and appear to be new to the fauna of our Territory. Etheostoma l&pidum (Baird and Girard). Dimmit Lake, near Roswell. The lake is small but very deep, at the base of the gypsum bluffs which skirt the Rio Pecos. Notropis macrostomus Girard, and Tetragonopterus argentatus Baird and Girard, both from North Spring River, just north of Roswell. — T. D. A. Cockerell. Note on Phoca nigra Pallas. In a recent paper on ' The Hair Seals (Family Phocidm) of the North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea' (Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., XVI, 1902, pp. 459-499), I suggested (I. c, p. 483, foot note) that as Pallas's name Phoca nigra (1811), based on a young fur seal from the Kurile Islands, has priority over Callorhinus curilensis Jordan and Clark (1899), the Kurile Islands species would have to stand as Callotaria nigra (Pallas). I over- looked the fact, however, that Phoca nigra Pallas is preoccupied by Phoca gramlandica var. nigra Kerr (1792). Consequently the Kurile Fur Seal will stand as Callotaria curilensis (Jordan and Clark). — J. A. Allen. 15— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (49) 50 General Notes. A new name for Mus atratus Miller. The name Mus atratus which I recently applied to a rat from the Nicobar Islands (Proc. U. S. National Museum, XXIV, p. 767, May 28, 1902) is preoccupied by Mus atratus Philippi (Annales del Museo Na- cional de Chile, Entrega 14, p. 57, 1900). It may therefore be replaced by Mus atridorsum. — Oerrit 8. Miller, Jr. A new name (Hoplias) for the genus Macrodon of Muller. The name Macrodon was given by Johannes Muller in 1842 for a well- known genus of Erytlirinoid or Characinoid fishes. Although univer- sally adopted since that time, it must be abandoned for the genus in question, inasmuch as it had been given as early as 1822 by Schinz, as a substitute for Ancylodon of Cuvier (1817), another preoccupied name (1811). The new designation Hoplias is proposed instead, and Hoplias tareira (Macrodon traJiira Muller) or malabaricus is the type. — T/teo. Gill. The technical name of the Indian Flying Fox. Pteropus medius, the current name for the flying fox of India, is not tenable. It dates from 1827, the year in which Temminck issued the first volume of his ' Monographies de Mammalogie ' (the name is pro- posed on page 176), and, although earlier than Hodgson's Pteropus len- cocephalus and McClelland's Pteropus assamensis, assuming that all three refer to the same animal, is itself antedated by the Vespertilio gigantea of Briinnich. This name was published at Copenhagen in 1782, on page 45 of a little-known book, a small quarto volume containing seventy-six pages and seven plates, entitled: "Dyrens Historie og Dyre-Samlingen udi Universitetets Natur-Theater. Forste Bind."* Although the bat is not among the species figured the description is detailed and accurate. The fact that the account was based on a stuffed specimen from Bengal, while Temminck's animal was collected at Calcutta, removes the last element of doubt as to the equivalence of the names. The common flying fox of India must therefore be known as Pteropus gig ant ens. — Oerrit 8. Miller, Jr. * This work, of which only the first volume appears to have been pub- lished, was brought to my attention by Dr. Leonhard Stejneger. The new names that it contains are not mentioned by Fischer, Dobson, or Trouessart, but are all cited by Sherborn. General Notes. 51 A note on the Florida f>hoebe. Through the kindness of Mr. Outram Hangs of Boston, and Mr. C. J. Maynard of West Newton, and through information received, in litteris, from Mr. William Palmer of Washington I am able to adjust so far as it is possible, with all the data that there is any prospect of obtaining, the relationships of the Florida Phcebe mentioned in "Notes on Various Florida Birds" (Contr. N. Amer. Ornith., Vol. I., May 21, 1902, p. 30). In February, 184G, John Gundlach observed near Cardenas, Cuba, a pair of Phu-bes, probably, though he does not state so, shooting both birds, as in his description he mentions peculiarities of both sexes. In 1850, Juan Lembeye, in his "Aves de la Isla de Cuba" (p. 41), included the species Muscieapa fuse a Gmel., describing carefully both plumage and habits, evidently from the notes of Gundlach made in 1846 (see 'Pro- logo,' p. 6), and from a specimen No. 169 in the "Col. of Gundl." Later in 1852, Gundlach, in the Boston Journal of Natural History (Vol. VI, p. 314), described, evidently from the same specimen or specimens, an in- sular race, Muscieapa lembeyei, giving as careful description and measure- ments as did Lembeye himself. It is evident therefore that Lembeye and Gundlach knew of only one pair of Phoabes to have visited Cuba, and although that island has had little extended ornithological investigation yet, recent collectors have failed to record the species. Mr. Palmer writes me that on his late visit to Cuba he saw a specimen of the Phcebe in the Gundlach museum [prob- ably the same No. 169] but that the "Gundlach cases were so made that it was impossible to get at the birds." To recapitulate: It is evident from Lembeye's and Gundlach's de- scriptions that the specimen or specimens they had were either strag- glers from Florida or that the bird is a rare resident of Cuba, and for the resident southern Florida Phoebe there is no alternative but to use Gund- lach's name, provided it is thought the form deserves to be recognized at all. When I first examined Mr. Maynard 's series of specimens from Enter- prise, which show the brownish cast of plumage so often characteristic of the peninsular birds, I thought the race one decidedly worth recog- nizing, but a further examination of specimens from Miami and else- where proves that this coloring is not constant, and careful measure- ments also show that the greater size of the Florida bird does not always hold true. It may be well to mention now while the subject is under discussion, that the type of Gundlach's lembeyei is without much doubt No. 169 in the Gundlach museum in Cuba, an example probably taken at Cardenas in February, 1846. — Reginald Ileber Howe, Jr. 52 General Notes. A new subgenus for Nyctaginia Cockerellae. By the characters mentioned, Nyctaginia Cockerellae A. Nelson (Proc. Biol. Soc, Washington, XVI, p. 29), seemed tome to differ generically, but I am willing to follow Professor Nelson's decision to the contrary. y. Coc kerellae forms, however, at least a distinct subgenus or section, which may be called Roswellia. — T. D. A. Cockerell. On the name of the common American Bel The name of the common American eel is now generally conceded to be AnguiUa chrysypa Rahnesque, and the reference is given as " The American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review, Vol. II, p. 120 (Dec, 1817)," the article in which it is contained being entitled "First Decade of New North American Fishes, by C. S. Rafinesque." Messrs. Jordan and Evermann, in the " Fishes of North and Middle America " (Bulletin 47, U. S. Nat, Mas. Vol. I, p. 348, 1896), give the derivation as from ^pwJeis, gold, and V7t6, below. But on referring to the original article, we find that Rafinesque spells the word "chrisypa," the derivation for the word in this form being Xpi6iS (from XP*03) mean- ing an anointing, a besmearing, and vito, below. In his account of the eel, he gives the vernacular names, referring to it as "Gold-Eel, Silver- Eel, Lake-Eel, Gold-Breast, etc." It is from this last mentioned name that the confusion doubtless arose. Although there is no way of ascertaining which of these derivations is correct, whether Rafinesque really meant to turn the name "Gold- Breast " into Greek and made a slip, or whether ho intended to refer to the slimy character of the fish, it seems best to retain the original spell- ing as given by him, as it is just as plausible as that adopted, and we are not now in a position to make really certain which idea he entertained, as all that he has left us is the name chrisypa. As regards the name bostoniensis of Le Sueur, on looking up the refer- ence (Jour. Phil. Acad. I, p. 81) we find that it was given in a paper en- titled "A short description of five (supposed) new species of the genus Mursena discovered by Mr. Le Sueur in the year 1816," which was read before the society on August 19th, 1817. As Rafinesque's name is dated in his article December, 1817, bostoniensis would seem to have priority over chrisypa. But we find that Le Sueur's name was riot published un- til 1821, whereas Rafinesque's appeared in 1817. Therefore, the name of the common American eel should stand as AnguiUa chrisypa, Rafinesque. — Austin II. Clark. VOL. XVI, PP. 53-54 MAY 6, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OP THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW REITHRODONTOMYS FROM WESTERN NEBRASKA. BY MERRITT CARY. Among some mammals collected by me in the Sand Hill re- gion of Nebraska, in the spring and fall of 1901, is a well marked species of Heithrodontomys which has hitherto remained undescribed. It may be known from the following description: Reithrodontomys albescens sp. now Type from 18 miles northwest of Kennedy, Nebraska, $ adult, No. 116,- 358, United States National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. Col- lected October 31, 1901, by Merritt Gary. Original number 411. General characters. — Size small; tail short (ratio of length of tail to total length 45); colors extremely pale; pelage long, full and soft; ears small, with two distinct black spots. Color. — Sides pale buffy gray; dorsum darker and plain gray, or with a tinge of buff; lateral line, between the pinkish buff and cream buff of Ridgway, continuous from cheeks to thighs; sides of nose, lower portion of cheeks, throat, forelegs and rest of underparts pure white; tail well haired, sharply bicolor, the dark line on upper surface narrow; upper surfaces of feet white. Cranial characters. — Compared with nebracensis from the same type locality the skull is much smaller (averaging 1.62 mm. shorter, and 8 mm. narrower across mastoids, in a series of 5 adults), with relatively shorter rostrum and narrower interparietal; nasals less deeply concave above. IS— Pitoc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (53) 54 Gary — New Reithrodontomys from Nebraska. Measurements. — Three adult specimens from type locality average: total length, 125; tail vertebrae, 53.5; hind foot, 16.6. Type: Total length, 124; tail vertebrae, 54; hind foot, 16.5. Skull of type: Basal length, 15.7; occipito-nasal length, 19.7; nasals, 17.4; zygomatic breadth, 10.5; mastoid breadth, 9. Specimens examined. — Total number 18, from the following localities: Nebraska: Neligh 11, Kennedy 5, Cody 1. South Dakota: Belle Fourche River (15 miles from mouth) 1. Distribution. — Sand hill region of central and western Xebraska, and western South Dakota. Limits of range unknown. Habits. — This species, so far as at present known, occurs only in sand hills, or on sandy land, where it appears to subsist to a large extent on seeds of various grasses. Near Kennedy, in October, I secured several specimens by overturning millet shocks in a sandy field. When un- covered the little fellows would scurry to their nest for refuge. The nests were compact little balls of fine grass, and were either on or jusl beneath the surface of the ground under the shock. A small open- ing on one side led into a little cavity in the interior, in which was a store of millet seeds. At both Kennedy and Neligh, in sand bur and weed patches in the sand hills albescens and nebracensis were about equally abundant, but traps set in meadows or marshy tracts secured only nebracensis. Remarks. — This handsome little species requires no close comparison with any described Reithrodontomys. From nebracensis it differs in much smaller size and paler coloration, entirely lacking the strong fulvous suffusion. The ears are relatively much shorter, and the rusty hairs at their bases are scarcely noticeable, or entirely wanting. The tail is much more sharply bicolor and the black stripe is confined to the upper fourth. One October specimen from Kenned}7, and two November specimens from Neligh, are pale ashy gray, with no trace of the buff. "Whether or not this is the normal winter pelage is yet to be determined. A June specimen from Belle Fourche River, South Dakota, consid- ered by Allen (Bull. Am. Mus. Nat, Hist., N. Y. VII, p. 123, 1895.) a pale specimen of nebracensis, seems to be referable to albescens. Vol. XVI, pp. 55-58 May 6, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF DRAGONFLY FROM BRAZIL. BY JAMES G. NEEDHAM. Having used a figure of the wings of this species in a paper soon to be issued in the Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, I herewith make public the full description of both genus and species. Cyanocharis gen. nov. Allied to Heliocharis: Fam. Calopterygidae of Odonata. Nodus mid- way between base and apex of wing. Two hypertrophied antenodal crossveins, the straight arculus situated just beyond the first of these. Extra half antenodal crossveins in the basal subcostal space, but no crossveins traversing the space before the arculus. Quadrangle divided by a single crossvein. Subquadrangle open, longer than the quadrangle, but hardly more than half as wide. Anal margin coincident with the anal vein almost as far as the subquadrangle. Vein Mx_2 separating from vein M3 just beyond the quadrangle by a stalk so transverse it ap- pears as a crossvein, and then fused in one or two places with vein R. Vein M2 separating from vein Mj a space beyond the subnodus. Stigma large, very oblique at its proximal end. A single long interpolated sector between veins Mx and M2. The radial sector stronger than ad- jacent veins and slightly bent forward beyond the nodus. Vein Cu, forked with two rows of cells included in the fork. Legs very long and slender, with numerous exceedingly short spines, the femora arcuate. Claws minutely bifid at extreme apex. Superior abdominal appendages of the male simple, curved; the inferiors rudimentary. Type, Cyanocharis valga sp. nov. 17— Pkoc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (55) :>('. Needham — Nine Genus and Species of Dragonfly. This genus is intermediate in a number of characters between IIc- liocharis and Dicterias of the same region, but seems allied to the for- mer by more important characters. It differs, however, from Helioch- aria in the separation of vein M:_2 from vein M3 close beyond the quad- rangle, and in its subsequent fusion with the radius, and in the con- dition of its antenodal crossveins. It differs utterly from Dicterias in the arrangement of its interpolated sectors, in the remoteness of the nodus from the base of the wing, in the form and position of the posterior branch of the cubitul vein, and in type of coloral ion. Cyanocharis valga sp. now Length. G2 mm; abdomen, 44 mm; hind wing, 35 mm. Colors greenish-blue and black. Head blackish, with the labrum, the post-clypeus, and the occiput behind the eyes greenish. Antennae black, the second joint twice as long as the first and but half as thick, the remaining five joints together but little longer than the second, each of them a little shorter than the one before it. Mouth strongly pro- jecting, the squarely cut post-clj-peus being horizontal, the ante-cly- peus vertical and the labrum sloping. Median ocellus large, lying in a wide longitudinal furrow; lateral ocelli smaller, each confined to the outer aspect of a conical vertical spine. A [-shaped sulcus behind the ocelli sharply defines the occipital crest, which is thinly fringed with tawny hairs. Prothorax blackish, fenestrate with green, three greenish patches on either side, a twin spot of paler green upon the middle, and a broad greenish crescent lying transversely upon the rather prominently elevat- ed, black bordered posterior lobe. Thorax with blackish carinae. Ground color greenish blue (turquoise blue), with narrow stripes of brown on all the sutures. the:~middorsal one divided by the black of the carina. There is also a well developed, isolated, antehumeral stripe of brown. Legs excessively long and slender, appearing bare by reason of the minuteness of their numerous spines. Hind and middle femora slightly, and fore femora and tibiae strongly curved. Claws with a very minute tooth so near the tip that it appears bifid, hardly distinguishable in the front tarsus. Wings hyaline, slightly tinged with brown at the extreme tip: stigma brown. Antenodal crossveins 18 in the fore wing and 15 in the hind wing, with 4-5 half antenodals additional in the basal subcostal space: 17 and 14 postnodals in the fore and hind wing respectively. St igma long, covering 5-6 cells, and reaching nearly to the wing apex, there being but three minute crossveins in the space beyond it. Bet- ween veins Mi and M2 are five interpolated sectors, only the middle one being of more than a few cells length: between Rs and M3 are four sec- tors, the third longest: there are two sectors between M2 andRs, two bet- ween M4 and Cu,, and two behind Cu2, the second of these appearing as Needham — Neic Genus and Species of Dragonfly. 57 a branch: there is a single row of cells, except at the extreme margin between M3 and M4, and between Cuj and Cu,. The fusion of veins Mj_2 with the radius occurs just before the second hypertrophied ante- nodal crossvein. Abdomen cylindric, greenish blue dorsally, with dagger-shaped mark of black upon the dorsum of each segment, the color and markings be- coming obscured apically in the type specimen (perhaps from fading). Segments 3-7 of equal length: segments 8, 9 and 10 each successively one-third shorter than the preceding segment. Superior appendages a little longer than the 10th segment, simple, depressed beyond the base, a little arcuate with the tips slightly convergent, rounded without, but with a fine longitudinal carina within, and armed with minute prickles dorsally and toward apex: color black, with the extreme apex yellow. Inferior appendages rudimentary. Poco Grande, Brazil, January 13, 1808, Mr. Adolph Hempel, collector. The type is in the Cornell University Collection. Vol. XVI, pp. 59-60 May 6, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW SPECIES OF FLYING LIZARD FROM SARA- WAK, BORNEO. BY THOMAS BARBOUR. The following species which does not appear to have been previously characterized is one found among a considerable number of Reptiles and Batrachians collected in Borneo. Draco gracilis, sp. nov. This species approaches Draco cornutus in its general proportions; but it differs from the latter in coloration, squamation, and number of labials. Description. — Habit slender. Head moderate; length of snout about equal to orbital diameter. Nostril lateral, directed outward. The hind limb pressed forward reaches the fore limb pressed backward at a point about half-way between wrist and elbow. Tympanum naked, with scales encroaching somewhat from the margins; smaller than eye opening. A prominent tubercle on the posterior part of the supraciliary region. A rather small nuchal crest, consisting of a single row of triangular scales. Crown scales, dorsals, and ventrals keeled. The nuchals and scales on temple are very slightly or not at all carinate. There is a row of triangular spinelike scales along each side of the body, just at the base of the wing membrane. The gular pouch is longer than head, and of the thirteen upper labials the last is the largest. Color (alcoholic specimen). Dorsal surfaces light greyish brown. Ven- tral regions light gray. Neck and throat specked with rather dark brown. Forehead dark brown. A number of blackish spots at the base 18— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vot,. XVI, 1903. (59) 60 Barbour — New Species of Flying Lizard. of the gular pouch. Upper surfaces of the wing membranes dark orange with irregular black bands; under surfaces whitish, barred with rich brown or black. On the upper surfaces of the body the metallic lustre is decidedly noticeable on the spots in front of the shoulders and along the ribs on the wing membranes. The bases of the latter are very thickly spotted with metallic specks, each covering a single scale. There is a strong light yellowish serration along the inner surfaces of the femur and tibia; this is formed by a single series of enlarged, flat, triangular scales. Another specimen verifies all the specific characters shown by the type; but this second example shows the femur-tibia fringe to an even greater extent. It is also lighter in color on the forehead. The specimens were collected in Sarawak, Borneo, by W. T. Hornaday, Esq., Director of the New York Zoological Park. Type 6113, (adult $)\ of the Reptilian Collection in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Measurements: — Length of head. 15 mm.; Avidth of head, 9 mm.; length of body, 57 mm.; length of forelimb, 27 mm.; length of hind limb, 30 mm.; length of tail, 109 mm. Total length, 177 mm. Vol. XVI, pp. 61-62 May 6, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW SPECIES OF CHAMAELEON. BY THOMAS BARBOUR. An examination of the large collection of Chamaeleons in the Museum at Cambridge, Mass. discloses two species apparently hitherto undescribed. Remarks on their characters follow. Chamaeleo angusticoronatus n. sp. Near Chamaello dilepis, but differing in the peculiar narrowness of the casque, the squamation of the body and the prominence of the dorsal tubercular crest. Specific characters. — Casque well raised posteriori}'; the lateral crests decidedly marked from their origin on the snout to a point about half- way from the eye to the extremity of the casque; at this position they quickly become indistinct and disappear. Above the casque narrows suddenly to a very acute point, beginning to show the compression just where the lateral crests vanish. The surface of the body is very finely granular, and the dorsal crest is hardly noticeable except for a short distance directly behind the casque. The tail is slightly longer than the head and body. Type. — An adult female from Zanzibar, No. 6712, of the Reptilian Collection in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Measurements. — Total length, 226 mm.; length of mandible, 24 mm.; tip of snout to extremity of casque, 33 mm.; greatest width between lateral cranial crest, 13 mm.; width of head, 18 mm.; depth of skull, in- cluding mandible. 27 mm. ; length of head and body, 110 mm. : length of tibia, 21 mm.; length of tail, 116 mm. 19— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (61) 62 Barbour — New Species of Chamaeleon. Chamaeleo macrorhinus sp. now Specific characters. — Casque not elevated posteriorly. A single large dermal fold, unnotched and undivided on the median line, borders the casque from shoulder to shoulder. There is neither a lateral nor a parietal crest on the casque, nor dorsal, ventral nor gular crest on the head and body. The whole surface of the body is covered with rather small, subequal, polygonal, granular tubercles. On the snout there is a large oblong dermal process covered with round granules. At a little more than halfway between the eye and the dermal process there is, on each side, an excrescence composed of a number of elongated tubercles partially fused. The tail is of about the same length as the head and body. Type. — An apparently adult female from Madagascar, No. 5988, of the Reptilian Collection in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Measurements. — Total length, 85 mm.; length of mandible, 11 mm.; tip of snout to extremity of casque, 10 mm.; greatest width between lateral cranial crests, 6 mm.; width of head, 9 mm.; depth of skull, including mandible, 12 mm.; length of head and body, 43; length of tibia, 8 mm.; length of tail, 42 mm. Vol. XVI, pp. 63-72 May 29, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON MAMMALS OF MT. KATAHDIN, MAINE. BY B. H. DUTCHER. In the summer of 1902, I spent from July 10 to September 5 in an attempt to determine the mammalian fauna, and in general the faunal zones of Mt. Katahdin in north central Maine. This mountain was chosen because, as far as I know, no mammal work had ever been done in its vicinity, and because of its height and isolated position. The old idea of Katahdin, printed even in geographies, was that of an extinct volcano, an assumption* very excusable in those whose views of the mountain were from a distance, for the "basins" or heads of the old glacial valleys on the eastern side, with their wide encircling walls on the north and south,- give the appearance of a great crater blown out on one side. A closer examination reveals the fact that the mountain is in reality a granite ridge of very irregular outline with its major axis lying north and south, flanked by precipitous buttresses, the glacial retaining walls, that project out to the east, west, and north, and drop rapidly away in slopes of high degree on face and point. On the east, north, and west are a number of smaller ridges, timber covered, nestling under the shelter of the greater mountain, and separated from it by valleys and basins. These minor ridges, Hunter Mountain, Traveler Mountain and the 20— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (63) 64 Dutcher — Mammals of Mi. lu/tahdin, Maine. Four Brothers, vary from about 2000 feet to 3000 feet in height. Katahdin itself reaches 5200 feet. The top of this great ridge is an undulating plateau, shaped in a very general way like an hour-glass. Its lowest point, which is at the waist, is about 4200 feet, whence the sur- face slopes gradually upward to the north and south. The highest elevation is reached in the south peak, 5200 feet. The two northern peaks, merely somewhat elevated points in the general surface, reach to about 4700 feet. The plateau surface measures probably four miles from north to south, and a mile in width at the north and south expansions. The ground is rock strewn and grassy, with an extensive area of fir scrub — krummholz — near the constriction, and on the northwestern promontory. From the plateau edges, the mountain falls rapidly away. On the east, the north and south spurs, with precipitous rock walls, enclose two great basins — the "north" and the "great" — separated by a long sloping ridge that comes down from the saddle. The more southern of these two basins is itself imperfectly divided into the "south" and the "middle" basins by another and smaller spur. The head of the middle basin is inclined sufficiently to support vegetation, and by a slide at its head affords easy access to the saddle by the old Appalachian Trail. The only other trails to the top are the Abol Trail up the steep south wall of the southwest promon- tory, and an old unused trail up the crest of a long promontory that leads north and'helps enclose a deep glacial basin on the north face of the mountain. The western slopes are somewhat less precipitous, and lead down to a wide flat valley, mountain- locked by Katahdin and its daughter hills on the west. The country surrounding themountain is comparatively level, almost completely forested, and dotted with lakes, ponds, and sphagnum bogs. The only forest denudation has been by fire. The floor of the great basin, in which I had one of my camps, slopes from about 3400 feet at its head to '2400 feet at its eastern edge. A small glacial lake, Chimney Pond, occupies part of the south basin. The floor of the north basin is about 3500 feet above sea level, is more extensive than either the south or middle basins, and has elevation enough to render it devoid of high timber. Its floor is in places free from tree growth, and in places along its lower edge, covered by scrub Dutcher — Mammals of Mb. Katalalin, Maine. 65 firs. Its eastern edge is marked by a very small glacial pond in the moraine. The middle basin is covered to its head with a forest of balsams, which climb 100 feet above it, to 3500 feet in suitable localities. The entire mountain is composed of white and pink granite. The plateau is covered with rough granitic masses that are be- ing disintegrated by frost. This leveling action of the frost has in places evenly carpeted the surface with small granite flakes, varying from the size of the hand to three or four times as large. The rainfall is so great on the mountain top that its entire surface is moist at all times, and there are at least four perennial seepage springs on the tableland. Two of these are in the fir scrub, which has been cleared for a short distance around them by the gathering of animals to drink in times gone by. The water does not flow out on the surface, but is found sub- terraneously in little depressions among moss-covered rocks. At one of these springs, at an altitude of 4500 feet, I camped for four nights, while attempting to secure specimens of the native microtine. Trapping was done at various localities from the base camp, at the union of the Wissataquoick and East Branch Penobscot Rivers, at 450 feet, to the tableland, at 4500 feet. The following 36 species of mammals are recorded from Mt. Katahdin. Rangifer caribou (Gmel). Woodland Caribou. The caribou is an animal of the past in the Katahdin region. Today all that remains is its bones in the porcupine dens. From accounts re- ceived, there have been two migrations of caribou from northern Maine, within the memory of inhabitants now living. The last of these oc- curred about six years ago. Unfortunately the awakening of public sentiment in regard to the im- portance of game preservation did not take place while the animals were still abundant, and their absence now can in part at least be at- tributed to wanton destruction. Alces americanus (Clinton). Moose. The recent protective legislation has in the opinion of the natives, re- sulted in allowing a very considerable increase in the numbers of moose. 66 Butcher — Mammals of Mi. Katahdin, Maine. Judging by the sign observed, they are comparatively abundant on the base of, and near the mountain. They range up to timberline in favor- able localities. Man is practically the moose's sole destructor, and if the killing in defiance of law that takes place to feed the lumber camps were prevented, there would be a still greater increase. It is very dif- ficult to secure evidence against these malefactors. The lumber camps are so isolated that all the persons in them, and in their vicinity, are to a certain extent beneficiaries directly or indirectly, from the fresh meat secured, and are hence particeps criminis. The danger of detec- tion in a camp of sixty men, where one animal can be entirely con- sumed in a short time, is very small, and evidence is not easily obtained. OdocoHeus virginianus borealis (Miller). Northern Virginia Deer. Deer are really abundant in the Katahdin region. It was not unusual to see as many as five in the course of an afternoon's walk. They some- times prove a nuisance by destroying unfenced gardens. One was seen near Chimney Pond, at an altitude of about 3000 feet. They are not common at this altitude however. In spite of the illegal hunting that takes place they appear to be on the increase. Sciurus hudsonicus loquax (Bangs). Southeastern Red Squirrel. Red squirrels are abundant throughout the region, extending even to the treeless tableland of the mountain, where I saw one at close range, August 28. Another was seen by one of our cooks in the same locality. At Chimney Pond camp, altitude 3000 feet, they were abundant- Only four specimens were secured, though had I foreseen the difficulty of determining their proper designation with respect to the published sub- species of Sciurus hudsonicus, I would have taken a large series. The measurements and colors of my specimens correspond with the description of S. h. loquax, described as the upper austral and transition race. But these animals were taken at 3000 feet elevation on the 46th parellel north, and almost within sight of the type locality of 8. h. gym- nicits, the boreal race of the same species, though 2000 feet above it. A careful examination of the material in the Biological Survey Col- lection and in the American Museum of Natural History, leaves me totally unable to harmonize the descriptions of the two races with speci- mens from their respective faunal stations, or to appreciate constant differences as described in individuals from transition and boreal regions. A comparison of dimensions shows nothing conclusive, and I am led to the belief that the differences on which these two forms are separated are not of sufficient degree or constancy to justify their separation. I propose therefore to call the Red Squirrel from the Katahdin region ■Dutcher — Mammals of Mt. KatuJuUii, Maine. 67 S. 7i. loquax, as it most closely corresponds to this form in color and size, doubting very much whether the consideration of more material from the regions involved will not show that the two forms are in reality not entitled to separate names, and that 8. h. gymnicus should be retired. I am the more inclined to this belief after reading Mr. Preble's description of typical Seiurus hudsonicm.* Tamaas striatus lysteri (Richardson). Northeastern Chipmunk, Chipmunks were common on the hardwood ridges of the low ground, but I saw none at the higher elevations where the deciduous trees were not so abundant. One specimen taken at 500 feet altitude is typical lysteri, Arctomys monax (Linn.). Woodchuck. Fairly common on the lowlands. Sciuropterus sabrsnus macrotis(Mearns). Canadian Flying, Squirrel. A living specimen was kept in the lower camp. These squirrels are common on the hard wood ridges. As usual however, unless trapping for fur, one does not secure them. Castor canadensis (Kuhl). Beaver. The beaver is now protected during all seasons in Maine. I heard of a few colonies, on rather poor authority, but the animal no doubt exists in secluded localities. Mus musculus (Linn.). House Mouse. Common in dwellings. Peromyscus canadensis (Miller). Canadian White-footed Mouse. Nine specimens were taken that correspond perfectly with specimens of typical P. canadensis in the Biologieal Survey Collection. They were secured from the lowest to the highest trapping grounds, one individual being taken under a rock on the tableland, but they are not abundant animals. *North American Fauna No. 22, p. 45, 1902. 68 Dutcher — Mammals of Jit. ITatahdm, Maine. Synaptomys cooperi (Baird). Cooper Lemming Mouse. Two species of the genus Synaptomys, representing both subgenera occur in the Katahdin region. Of the subgenus Synaptomys, one specimen was taken August 3, in a small grassy clearing in the woods at an altitude of about 500 feet, that seems, on comparison with material in the Biological Survey Col- lection, to be intermediate between S. cooperi and S.fatuus, but which from its habitat I refer to the former. Synaptomys sphagnjcola (Preble). Preble Lemming Mouse. Of the subgenus Mictomys two examples were taken, August 28, and August 30, respectively, under some balsam scrub by a spring on the table land, at an altitude of 4500 feet. A thorough and painstaking search was made of the entire top of the mountain, and a line of nearly ninety traps was carefully set, baited, and tended, but the only microtines secured were these two lemmings. Strange to say the entire top of the mountain was covered with old sign, without doubt of this species. Fiber zibethicus (Linn.). Muskrat. Exceedingly abundant. "While canoeing one day, I paddled up within a few feet of one asleep at the water's edge. While we were watching him he half opened his eyes, apparently looking directly at me, and leaning down lapped the water at his feet, then closed his eyes and relapsed into slumber. If his eyes had seen, his cerebrum had not interpreted, and he did not recognize his dangerous position. A slight noise sent him to the bottom like a flash. flicrotus pennsylvanicus (Ord.). Meadow Mouse. Contrary to expectation the meadow mice were rather scarce. When I arrived on July 10, the meadow lands available for their homes were many inches under water, and a search of the higher land, revealed but few signs of any kind. A few were found along the rivers, one at 1500 feet, and one at Chimney Pond, at 3000 feet% Evotomys gapperi (Vigors). Redbacked Mouse. Fairly common in the higher woods, up to 3500 feet, and probably on the lower levels too, though none were caught there. Dutcher — Mammals of Mt. Katahdin, Maine. 69 Zapus hudsonius (Zimmermann). Meadow Jumping Mouse. Found in all suitable localities from 500 feet to 3000 feet altitude. Napceozapus snsignis (Miller). "Woodland Jumping Mouse. About as common as, and found in the same meadows with Zapus. Erethizon dorsatus (Linn.). Canada Porcupine. Very common from the river to the summit of Katahdin. Their dens in the fir scrub and rock heaps were filled with caribou bones, that were deeply chiseled by their incisors. Lepus americanus virginianus (Harlan). Southern Varying Hare. The varying hare occurs on the tableland, where I trapped one in an old caribou trail in July. It corresponds with specimens obtained at 1500 feet, and all are comparable with other examplesof L. a.xirginianus in the Biological Survey Collection. Lynx canadensis (Kerr). Canada Lynx. Rather a common animal, if the accounts of guides are correct. Vulpes fulvus (Desmarest). Red Fox. Quite common throughout the lower parts of the region, where they are often seen on roads. Lutra canadensis (Schreber). Otter. Quite common along the lower streams and ponds where fish abound. Qulo Iuscus (Linn.). Wolverine. The trappers all denied having seen or heard of the wolverine in the region, though they were acquainted with the animal by repute. Hustela pennanti (Erxleben). Fisher. From the accounts of our cooks the fisher is one of the commonest and most valuable of their fur bearing catch. 70 Dutcher — Mammals of Mt. Katahdin, Maine, Hustela americana (Turton). Eastern Marten. Common up to timber line. Lutreola vison (Schreber). Mink. Mink are common and range up to timber line. On August 26, I caught an adult specimen at an altitude of 3200 feet, 1700 feet above,, and five miles beyond, the upper limit of fish-inhabited waters. Heavy rains had filled a usually dry water course in the upper part of the middle basin, and he had probably followed this up. Putorius cicognani (Bonaparte). Small Brown Weasel. Very common in the woods in the south basin, and occurring at all altitudes. I caught one on the tableland in a caribou runway leading to a spring, and three at Chimney Pond. All these specimens are peculiar in the deep rich yellow of the under parts, which varies from sulphur to rich saffron, differing thereby from all the specimens that I examined in the Biological Survey and American Muse-am Collections. ? Mephitis mephitis (Schreber). Skunk. Very common along the streams, where they are said to be increasing rapidly. Procyon lotor (Linn.). Raccoon. Common along streams at the lower levels. Ursus americanus (Pallas). Black Bear. Still quite common. Several are killed each year. Condy!ura cristata (Linn.). Star-nosed Mole. Two specimens were caught in the grassy clearing of my -base camp, at 500 feet, but no signs of them were observed elsewhere. Blarina brevicauda (Say). Short-tailed Shrew. The short-tailed shrew is by far the most abundant mammal near Katahdin. In the clearing around the base camp, and in the adjacent Dutcher — Mammals of Mt. Katahdin, Maine. 71 woods they swarm. I caught one in my hands in some diapensia turf just below the edge of the tableland, and trapped one on the tableland at 4500 feet. They seem to take oatmeal bait as readily as flesh. Sorex albibarbis (Cope.). Water Shrew. Two specimens of this rather scarce shrew were caught, one at 2400 feet, the other at 3000 feet, but assiduous trapping failed to secure others. A comparison of the two with the type in the National Museum shows them to be perfectly typical. Sorex personatus (I. Geoffroy). Northern Masked Shrew. One specimen was secured near a spring in the fir scrub on the table- land at 4500 feet. Conclusions. That the flora of the north basin of Katahdin, of the slopes above timber line, and of the tableland is Hudsonian is evident from the oc- curence there of such plants as Savastana alpina, Phleum alpinum, Poa laxa, Carex bigelovii, Scirpus co'spitosus, Juncus trifidus, Salix uva-iirsi, Salix herbacea, Polygonum viviparum, Armaria groenlandica, Cardamine bellidifolia, Saxifraga comosa, Empetfum nigrum, Betula glandulosa, Rhododendron lapponicum, Chamaicistus procumbens, Cassiope hypnoides, Phyllodoce ccerulea, Mairania alpina, Vaccinium uliginosum, Vaccinium caespitosum, Diapensia lapponica, Veronica alpina, Nabalus nanus, Nabalus boottii, Solidago alpestris, OnapJtalium snpinum, all of which were recorded by the New England Botanical Club party of July, 1900 (Rhodora, Vol. 3, No. 30, January 1901), and many of these are rather Arctic than Hudsonian. From the species of mammals found it is evident that the entire Katah- din region is covered by the Canadian mammalian fauna, with the possible exception of Synaptomys sphagnieola Preble. The first recorded specimen of this species was taken in the Canadian zone near the foot of Mt. Washington, the second and third, the only others, in territory that so far as altitude and temperature are concerned should surely be con- sidered as Hudsonian. From the evidence at hand — the occurence of this animal with Hudsonian plants, with indications of a colony of some size, at a very recent date, and its absence from surrounding Canadian territory — it seems probable that it is a Hudsonian form, and that it oc- cured in the lower zone on Mt. Washington, as Mr. Preble has suggested, a wanderer from its native belt. Vol. XVI, pp. 73-73 May 29, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON EIGHT NEW MAMMALS FROM THE UNITED STATES. BY C. HART MERRIAM. Among the recent additions to the mammal collection of the Biological Survey are a cougar from the desert region border- ing the Lower Colorado, below Yuma, Arizona, presented by Herbert Brown; and a large gray fox from New Hampshire, presented by Abbott H. Thayer. Both of these animals appear to be new. In publishing brief diagnoses of them, the oppor- tunity is taken to describe several other unnamed mammals that have been for some years in the collection of the Biological Survey. Fe'is aztecus browni subsp. nov. Type from Lower Colorado River 12 miles south of Yuma, Arizona. No. 125,719 $ ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. February, 1903. Collected by Herbert Brown. Characters. — Similar to aztecus but slightly smaller and paler, with much smaller and lower audital bullae, and smaller lateral teeth, partic- ularly the canines and carnassials. The incisors are the same size as in aztecus, but the canines are much more slender, and the premolars (ex- cept the rudimentary upper one) and carnassials are very much smaller. The tipper carnassial measures only 20.5 mm., while in aztecus of the same sex ( $ ) it measures 24 mm. The bullae are essentially of the same length as in aztecus but are narrow and low, lacking the usual inflation. 21— Pboc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (73) 74 Merriam — New Mammals from the United States. They measure in transverse diameter, from meatus to front of foramen lacerum posticus, only 16 mm., while those of aztecus usually measure 20 mm. or more. The difference in height is equally striking. In color the animal is very much paler and grayer (less red) than aztecus. Remarks. — The small size of the bulla? seems to indicate that the Colo- rado Desert Cougar finds his prey more by sight than hearing; and the slender canines and small lateral teeth indicate that he preys on smaller animals than the deer-killing Cougar of the uplands. Measurements (in flesh). — "Tip of nose to tip of tail 7 ft. 4 in.; tail2Si in. Weight 170 pounds." Urocyon cinereoargenteus borealis subsp. nov. Type from Marlboro, 7 miles from Monadnock, New Hampshire. No. 119,725 $ ad., U. 8. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. November, 1902. Abbott H. Thayer. Characters. — Similar to cinereoargenteus but decidedly larger, with marked skull and tooth differences. Skull larger and heavier; nasals longer and more slender posteriorly; palate broader; pterygoid fossa much broader, with sides more flaring (less vertical); teeth (particularly the upper molars and last lower premolar, pm T) slightly larger and de- cidedly thicker; last upper molar conspicuously larger (outer side 10 mm.), with heel broader and heavier. The 4th lower premolar is larger than in any known member of the genus. Cranial measurements. — (Type specimen $ ad.): Basal length 126; basilar length of Hensel 118.5; zygomatic breadth 73; palatal length 63; postpalatal length 55; front of canine to back of last upper molar 56. Urocyon catalinae sp. nov. Type from Catalina Island, Santa Barbara Islands, California. No. 45,228 $ ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. Geographic distribution. — Catalina Island, California. Characters. — Similar to littoralis, but tail much longer, throat purer white; white of underside of thigh and upper side of hind foot greatly restricted; dusky patch at base of whiskers well defined. Cranial characters. — Skull similar to that of littoralis, but nasals nar- rower and not constricted in the middle; rostrum longer and more slen- der; anterior ascending arm of jugal thicker; bullae more inflated and less flattened anteriorly. Urocyon catalina} agrees with littoralis and differs from all the others in having the nasals broad posteriorly and obliquely truncate, and the frontal spines short. Ifeasurements.— Male: Total length 795; tail 298; hind foot 112. Female: total length 720; tail 270; hind foot 112. Two specimens weighed in the flesh: $ 5 lbs. ; 9 4^ lbs. ■Merriam — New Mammals from the United States. "75 Urocyon clementae sp. now Type from San Clemente Island, Santa Barbara Islands. California. No. 92.0R4 $ ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. Geographic distribution. — San Clemente Island, California. Characters. — Similar to littoralis, but dusky patch at base of whiskers much blacker and more sharply defined, with a clean white area between it and base of nose-pad, as in santacrusm; throat clearer white; underside of thigh and upperside of hind foot whitish, in some cases nearly pure white. Cranial characters. — Skull similar to littoralis, but smaller; nasals more tapering posteriorly and broadest in the middle (instead of con- stricted in the middle); rostrum more slender; frontal spines rather long; anterior ascending arm of jugal very broad; bullas smaller and more in- flated; upper carnassial narrower. JJ. clementce differs from catalince, its neighbor in the southern group, as follows: size smaller.; nasals broader in the middle and more tapering posteriorly; bullae more inflated (especi- ally anteriorly); carnassial and molar teeth smaller. Measurements. — Average of 6 specimens: total length G88; tail 250; hind foot in dry skin 100. Urocyosn HttoraHs santacruzre subsp. nov.» Type from Santa Cruz Island, Santa Barbara Islands, California. No. IyitI 9 acl-> U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. Geographic distribution. — Santa Cruz Island, California. Characters. — Similar to littoralis, but fulvous areas slightly more ex- tensive and more intense; dusky patch at base of whiskers larger and darker; whitish area on underside of thigh and top of hind foot suffused with buffy fulvous; nasals slender and tapering posteriorly. Cranial characters. — Similar to littoralis, but skull slightly smaller; nasals much narrower, slender and tapering (instead of expanded) poste- riorly, and not constricted in the middle; frontal spines long; rostrum narrower; anterior ascending arm of jugal broader; bulla? smaller, more inflated posteriorly, narrower anteriorly; basioccipital narrower; upper carnassial narrower. Measurements. — Average of 3 specimens: total length 708; tail 266; hind foot 109. 76 Merriam — Kew Mammals from the United States, Cranial measurements of Island Foxes. to as ft 8 8 9 ad. S ? S 9 s ? Basilar length. 9S.5 96 90 94 91 98 95 Palatal length. 49 53 49 50 48 53 50 Post palatal length. 44 43.5 40.5 43.5 43.5 45 44.5 Zygomatic breadth. 57 57.5 55 56.5 55.5 60 57.5 Breadth of nasals at apex of premaxilhB. 7 5.5 5.5 7.5 7 6.5 7 Upper series of teeth (ca- nine to last molar). 43.5 44.5 43 45.5 44 47 44 Putorius streatoi 5 leptus snbsp. nov. Type from Silverton, Colorado. No. 56,800 $ yg. ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. October 20, 1893. J. Alden Loring. Original No. 1185. Characters. — Similar to strfatori but smaller; Mac k tip of tail very much shorter (projecting only 15 mm. beyond white hairs): Teeth about same size as in streatori, but skull disproportionally smaller; frontals and rostrum more depressed; bulke smaller and narrower. Winter pelage. — White all over except short black tip of tail. White without yellowish tinge. (Two males from Colorado — the type from Silverton, and another from Crested Butte collected February 17, 1902 by E. R. Warren). Summer pelage. — Upperparts uniform drab brown (or between drab brown and hazel, but lacking the reddish of hazel); end of tail black; underparts white throughout with straight line of demarcation along sides, the white reaching down on underside of legs to Wrists and ankles; rest of legs and feet brown like back; toes of forefeet white on upper side; toes of hind feet mixed brown and white. (Young female from Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Canada, near Henry House, July 21, 1896, J. Alden Loring). Remarks. — The animal is nearly as small as rixosus, from which it is easily distinguished by the longer tail and black tip, and slightly larger skull and teeth. Merrlam — New Mammals from the United States. 77 Measurements. — Type specimen ( $ yg. ad.): total length 243; tail vertebra? 64; hind foot 31. Skull: basal length 31.5; basilar length of hensel 30.5; zygomatic breadth 17.5; interorbital breadth 7.5; palatal length 13: postpalatal length 18; toothrow from front of canine to back of last molar 9. Eutamias canicaudus sp. now Type from Spokane, State of Washington. No. ftifl 9 ad-> u- s- National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. April 11, 1891. C. P. Streator. Original No. 639. Characters. — Size rather large; ears medium or rather small; tail rather long; general color in spring pelage buffy gray, tail grizzled gray — decidedly grayer (less red) than in neighboring species; outer pair of light stripes strikingly white. Color. — Spring pelage (=left over winter pelage): vipperparts, includ- ing middle pair of light stripes vinaceous gray, with enough admixture of white-tipped hairs to produce a hoary effect; median, dorsal and lat- eral pair of black stripes (5 in all) pure black, the outer pair slightly washed with fulvous; upperside of tail grizzled gray, edged with whit- ish; underside with a median buffy band bordered with black and edged with whitish. Post-breeding pelage: neck, sides and edges of stripes washed with ochraceous or light fulvous. Remarks. — This handsome new species with showy white side stripe is at all seasons easily distinguished from its neighbors, feliv and afflm's by the color of the tail, the general tone of which is gray. Both of the others have strikingly red tails, the underside and edges being intense fulvous or ferruginous. The geographic range of the gray-tail chip- munk so far as now known is thp ponderosa pine forest of the Transi- tion zone in northern Idaho and the adjoining eastern edge of the State of Washington. Measurements. — Type ( 9 ad.): total length 228: tail vertebra? 98; hind foot 32. Average of 6 adults from type locality: total length 229; tail vertebra? 104; hind foot 34. Citellus grammurus Utah subsp. now Type from foot of Wasatch Mountains near Ogden, Utah. No. f Jff 9 ad., Merriam Collection. October 10, 1888. Vernon Bailey. Orig- inal No. 291. Characters. — Similar to grammurus but smaller, ears larger, back much redder; head in late summer pelage much more reddish brown; tail darker; nasal bones anteriorly averaging broader, more inflated and more truncate; also slightly longer and projecting posteriorly behind premaxillte; fronts of incisors paler yellow (in grammurus more orange). Vol. XVI, pp. 79-82 May 29, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FOUR NEW MAMMALS, INCLUDING A NEW GENUS {TEANOPUS), FROM MEXICO. BY C. HART MERRIAM. E. W. Nelson, and his able assistant E. A. Goldman, in their explorations in Mexico for the Biological Survey of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, still continue to discover new spe- cies of mammals. Four of these are here described. One is a large ground squirrel quite unlike any hitherto known; another is a wood rat for which I am reluctantly obliged to erect a new genus; still another is a new member of the rare and little known genus JYelsoma, while the last is a large pocket gopher from Mt. Patamban. Citellus adocetus sp. now Type from La Salada, 40 miles south of Uruapan, Michoacan, Mexico. No. 126,129 9 ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. March 17, 1903. E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Original No. 16,183. Characters. — Unique; not like any known species. Allied to Citellus annulatus but much smaller and without trace of the rings on the tail. Pelage hispid; ears short; tail rather long; color uniform grizzled grayish or burly without markings. Color. — Upper parts strongly grizzled grayish and black, changing with season to dull ochraceous brown; top of head usually darker (in 22— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (79) 80 Merriam — Four New Mammals from Mexico. some specimens blackish); stripe from side of nose passing over eye pale buffy, sometimes washed with or bordered above by pale fulvous; short band under eye (rarely reaching to ear) buffy; cheeks grizzled, washed with fulvous; underparts buffy or yellowish buffy, sometimes becoming fulvous on throat and chin: fore legs and feet and hind feet dull pale fulvous, the fulvous, in the brown pelage, extending over thighs; sides of neck washed with fulvous; tail coarsely grizzled black and buffy, bordered on terminal half with subapical black band and edged with buffy fulvous; median line of distal half of underside usually pale fulvous. Cranial characters.— Skull about the size of that of Citellus mexicanvs but frontal region very much broader, anterior upper premolar decidedly smaller, and front of incisors intense chestnut instead of pale yellowish. Compared with its nearest relative, G. annulatus, the skull is only about three-fourths as large, rostrum fore-shortened, jugal broader, coronoid and angular processes of jaw longer; the bullae are large, the frontal shield broad, the postorbital processes long and strongly decurved. Measurements.— Type (? ad.): total length 350; tail vertebrae 156; hind foot 48. Average of 10 specimens from type locality: total length 341.6; tail vertebra 15S.7: hind foot 46.9. Cranial measurements.— Topotype {S ad.): basal length 41-, palatal length 24: postpalatal length 17: zygomatic breadth 26; interorbital breadth 13; length of tooth row on alveolus 8.25; on crowns 7.5. Nelsonia goldmani sp. now Type from Mt. Tancitaro, Michoacan, Mexico. Xo. 125.818 $ ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. February 25, 1903. E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Original No. 16,021. Characters.— Similar to Nelsonia ncotomodon but darker and grayer (much less fulvous), and with hind feet dusky instead of white. Tail well haired toward and at tip, as in neotomodon. Color.— Upperparts dark slate gray, lightly washed, especially on sides, with pale ochraceous; underparts white, the plumbeous underfur showing through. Tail dusky above, becoming gradually paler beneath — not sharply bicolor as in N. -neotomodon. Young dark slate color, very different from the buffy grayish young of N. neotomodon. Cranial characters. — Skull similar to that of N. neotomodon but more angular; natter between orbits and over front of braincase; anterior base of zygoma with vertical lamella well marked, forming a spine when viewed from above [absent in neotomodon]; nasals narrower; rostrum more constricted at base by better defined antorbital fossa. Measurements. — Average of 3 specimens from type locality: total length 248; tail vertebrae 122; hind foot 29. Men-lam — Four New Mammals from Mexico. 81 Genus Teanopus nob. Type, Teanopus phenax gen. et. sp. nov. Characters. — Size of a middle-sized wood rat (Neotoma), which it greatly resembles, though externally still more like Hodomys xetulux; ears large and nearly naked; tail long and densely covered with short hairs; soles of fore and hind feet, between pads, completely scutellate — everywhere covered with small tubercles. Skull in general like that of Neotoma and Teonoma, but audital bullae enormously inflated verti- cally, subwheel-shaped, blunt anteriorly, nearly parallel, almost ex- actly as in Xenomys; antorbital slits very large and broadly open: sphe- noid vacuities open; braincase without temporal shield. Lower jaw with distinct prominence over root of incisor; angle elongate, its lower border strongly inflected and upturned, forming a long shallow trough as in Teonoma, but less extreme: infracondylar notch deeper than in either Neotoma or Teonoma. Last lower molar with reentrant enamel loop on inner side passing obliquely forward in front of its mate on outer side, thus approaching the condition in Hodomys. Teanopus phenax sp. nov. Type from Camoa, Rio Mayo, Sonora, No. 95,841 9 ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. November 4, 1898. E. A. Gold- man. Original No. 13,258. Characters. — Size and general appearance of Hodomys vetulus; tail rather long and black or dusky all round; upperparts buffy gray; under- pays yellowish white anteriorly, underfur showing through posteriorly; top and sides of nose dusky; cheeks pale grayish; outer side of foreleg to wrist grayish dusky, sharply contrasted with white of underside; hind foot soiled whitish above; ankles and sides of heel dusky on both sides, bordered with white below. Dental characters. — Molars (except the last lower, described in the gen- eric diagnosis) with enamel folds as in the albigula group of Neotoma. Measurements. — Type specimen, 9 a^-: total length 352: tail vertebrae 172; hind foot 37.5. Average of 3 from type locality: total length 365; tail vertebrae 183; hind foot 37.7. Platygeomys tylorhinus angustirostris subsp. nov. Type from Patamban, Michoacan, Mexico. No. 125,688 9 a(i-» U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. February 2, 1903. Nelson and Goldman. Original No. 15,S50. 82 Merriam — Four Neic Mammals from Mexico. Characters. — Similar in size and general characters to P. tylorhinus but. color paler and more fulvous, grizzled on back with black-tipped hairs; slaty plumbeous of underparts much paler and washed on tips with pale fulvous. Skull slightly smaller; rostrum, nasals, and incisors decidedly narrower; nasals narrow and strongly arched anteriorly; the posterior half very narrow and of even breadth (sides parallel for posterior half); jugal and pterygoids as in tylorhinus; molars smaller. Underjaw much smaller. Cranial measurements. — Skull of type specimen: basal length 53.5; zygo- matic breadth anteriorly 38; breadth of rostrum anteriorly 10; breadth of nasals anteriorly G; at middle 3. The flesh measurements have not yet come in from the field. Vol. XVJ, pp. 83-83 June 25, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE SHORT-MOUTHED SNAKE (EUTMXIA BIIA CIIYjSTOMA GOPE) IN SOUTHERN MICHIGAN. BY HUBERT LYMAN CLARK. In 1892, Cope described, under the name Eutainia brachy- stoma, a small garter-snake from Franklin County, Pennsyl- vania, which had been sent to him in alcohol, the distinguishing feature being the small number of labial plates in both the upper and under jaws. Since the description was published no other specimens have been taken and the validity of the species has been openly questioned. It is therefore a matter of consid- erable interest that the species has been found in the vicinity of Olivet, Michigan, on several occasions, during the spring of 1903. The first specimens taken were a male and female col- lected April 20, beside a rail fence crossing an open but very wet pasture. The fence ran close beside a pool of water where there was a growth of willow and alder bushes, and it was under the shelter of these bushes that the snakes were found. On April 23, careful search in the same locality revealed a second female and April 29, another female was taken at the same spot. On May V, still another female was captured beside the same fence but some sixty yards from the bushes. On May 12, a fifth female was taken in a very wet swamp on the margin of a lake, half a mile or more from the above mentioned pasture. 23— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (83) 84 Chirk — The SI tort- Mouthed Snake. The following table will bring out clearly the characters of the species and the individual peculiarities of the Olivet specimens: B = ® P CO g bo a to +j IB O — Urosteges eo Hi 03 i- ei o O Y! o o 5 132 R— L R— L R— L Cope's type. 1892 S 286 72 6—6 8— S 3—3 1 April 20, 1903 $ 472 1351- 61 6—6 8—8 3—3 2 April 20 9 556 133i 58 6—6 8-8 2—2 3 April 23 9 485+ 137 1 6—6 8—8 2—2 4 April 29 ? 420 136 52 6—6 8—9 2—3 5 May 7 ? 411 141 54 7—7 8—8 2—2 6 May 12 9 460 140 58 6—6 8—8 3-3 It will be noticed at once that only one of the five females is perfectly normal, all of the others having a reduced number of postocular plates. It is also ajjparent that the type specimen is not an average representative of the species, since the number of gastrosteges is exceptionally small, while the number of uro- steges is unusually large. In Nos. 1 and 2 there were incom- plete gastrosteges, which have been counted as half plates. In No. 3, nearly one-half of the tail was missing, so that the uro- steges could not be determined. The new material makes it possible to state more definitely the specific characters, and to correct one or two of Cope's mis- statements, which were due to his having only one specimen, and that an alcoholic. In general appearance, the short-mouthed snake is somewhat like the common garter snake (Eutania sir- talis) but the head is so much narrower and the tail tapers so much more abruptly that even a very casual glance will suffice to note the difference. In coloration, moreover, there is a very Clark — The Short- Mouthed Snake. 85 striking difference between the two species, as indicated by Cope, but bis description of the color of br achy stoma is very mislead- ing, owing to the changes produced by the alcohol. In life, brachy- stoma is very dark brown above, many of the scales being al- most black, as are portions of the skin; in some specimens, when the skin is stretched, these black areas aj>pear as a more or less complete double series of squarish spots on each side of the dor- sal region; the mid-dorsal row of scales and the inner half of the scales in the row on each side of it are bright yellow anteriorly, gradually becoming duller posteriorly and- losing their distinct- ness on the tail; a similar stripe occurs on each side of the body and includes all the scales of the third row, the lower half of most of those in the fourth row and the upper half of many in the second row; these lateral stripes fade away on the tail but are veiy bright anteriorly, where they expand so that the entire sides of the neck are very yellow; on this yellow area are several prominent black spots; the first row of scales and the outer ends of the gastrosteges are deep brown, the latter with a dusky yellowish tinge; the ventral surface is dull light olivaceous, darkest near vent, sparsely speckled with black (the exact shade varies considerably, No. 6 having the whole lower surface dark, becoming almost black in front of vent); there is a narrow black spot on the anterior margin of the outer end of the gastrosteges; the head is brown, with a greenish tinge anteriorly; labials yel- low, chin white and throat yellowish; parietal spots yellow, very evident. Gastrosteges 132-141 (average 136+); urosteges 61-72 in S, 52-58 in 9; upper labials 6; lower labials 8; postocu- lars 3; scale rows 19. The question which naturally arises is: What is the relation of br achy stoma to sirtalis ? Had Cope's type remained unique, it might well have been regarded as a sport, merely an unusual- ly aberrant sirtalis, and the discovery of a single specimen in Olivet or elsewhere would not necessarily have disproved the correctness of this view. But in the light of the evidence fur- nished by six specimens of both sexes, taken at various times in several places, such a view is certainly incorrect and there can be no doubt of the distinctness of the two species. The differ- ence in color is constant, in spite of the extraordinary variety shown by sirtalis; in the latter the lateral stripes are mainly on the second, partly on the third, row of scales instead of on the 86 ' h— The Short-Mouthed Saab:. third and fourth as in brachystoma; while the deep brown band below these stripe? is wanting in sirtalis. The difference in form is equally noticeable, though less easily stated: brachy- -- .a is more stocky and tapers towards both ends rather abruptlv. As regards the number and arrangement of scales, the two species are equally distinct, although individuals occur combining the characters curiously. Thus Xo. 5 has 7 upper labials on each side, the normal number for sirtalis, while Xo. 4 has 9 lower labials on the left side; out of 320 specimens of sir- Is examined this spring. 6 have 6 upper labials on one side but none have that number on both sides, while 1 2 have 8 upper labials on one side, and -2 have that number on both sides: as re- gards the lower labia".-. 2 58 of the 320 have the lower labials 1U on each side, 9 have 9 on each side, 4 have 1 1 on each side, and 2 have only 8 on each side, while the remainder have" 9 or 11 on one side or the other, except 3 which have 8 on one side. Th<- most interesting case in this connection is a small male sirtalis, which has the upper labials 6-7 and the lower 8—8; however, as it has 152 gastrosteges and 75 urosteges and is a perfectly nor- mal sirtalis in coloration, it cannot be regarded as in any sense a connecting link with brachystoma. In the number of gastro- steges the difference between the two species is striking, brachy- ■ a ranging from 132 to 141, with an average of about 136, while the 320 specimens of sirtalis range from 142 to 159 and average about 151: and it should be added that of the 320, only one has 142, two have 143, and two 144 gastrosteges. In the num- ber of urosteges the two recorded male brachystoma are far apart, 61 and 72. an average of less than 67, but male sirtalis range from 64 to 79, with an average of more than 71, and further, only 9 of 163 specimens have less than 67 urosteges; the female • na range from 52 to 58 with an average of more than 55, while female sirtalis range from 57 to 73, with an average of more than 63, and only 4 out of 157 have less than I pe'fi statement that "the number of urosteges remains as in" ires, therefore, some modification, as it is clear that the number is normally decidedly less than in the common gar- ter-snake. In regard to the habits of brachystoma, Co] — statement that '•it is one of the forms * * * which * * * have adopted a terrestrial life and more or less burrowing habit>" is I ■,•}: — The Short-Mouthed Siud 87 open to question. Though not aquatic, this species likes the water and has heen found only in its immediate neighborhood. Several specimens have been kept alive, under as natural condi- tions a* ssible, and they show considerable readiness to take to the water when alarmed, nor is there any evidence of burrow- inor or of retreating to holes. Indeed the habits are verv much like those of the common garter-snake, except that brachystoma i> not at all pugnacious, making no attempt to strike when seized or handled. Vol. XVI, pp. 89-90 June 25, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW KEOTOMA FROM MEXICO. BY OUTRAM BANGS. The collection of mammals made in Mexico by Mr. S. N. Rhoads and his wife, in the winter and spring of 1899, was pm*- chased soon afterwards by my brother and myself, and is now in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Cambridge, Mass. When identifying the species, a year or two ago, I was much puzzled by a JVeotoma from Texolo, Vera Cruz, that I could not place with any described form, and showed it to Mr. E. W. Nelson, who at once declared it a species he had never taken or even seen, and suggested I send it to Dr. Merriam for compari- son with the series in the Biological Survey Collection. This I accordingly did, and Dr. Merriam has most kindly compared it for me with all known forms to which it might be related, and pronounces it a very distinct species, with, apparently, no near ally among the known members of the genus. This new N~eotoma, of which Mr. Rhoads took five examples, all at the same place, may be known as: Neotoma distincta sp. nov. Type from Texolo, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Old adult $ No. 9819, Bangs Collection. (Collection Museum of Comparative Zoology.) Collected March 8, 1899, by S. N. Rhoads. 24— Pboc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (89) no Bangs — A New Neotoma from Mexico. Characters— A very distinct species, with a wholly black tail as in JV. tenuicauda, but much larger than that animal, and differing from it markedly in skull characters; much like N. fulviventer in color, except the tail, which is bicolor in that species, but rather darker; much larger than If. fulviventer and with a much larger and more massive skull; ros- trum and nasals longer; rostrum more swollen over roots of incisors; ant- orbital fossa correspondingly more pronounced; zygomata more spreading posteriorly (in N. fulviventer the sides are parallel); superciliary ridges more elevated and more pinched in over orbits; incisors and molars much larger and heavier. CWcr.— General color of upperparts mummy brown, the back much darkened by the thick sprinkling of brownish-black tipped hairs; sides paler, more russet; sides of nose and upper lips dull grayish brown; chin, upper throat and narrow belly stripe dull gray; a wide pectoral collar, ochraceous-buff; lower middle belly and ventral region yellowish white; feet and hands dull grayish brown; toes and fingers white; ears rather small, nearly naked, dusky; tail unicolor, black; whiskers mixed black and colorless. Measurements. No. Sex Total length Tail vert. Hind foot Ear 9819 Type $ old ad. 417 206 41 23 9818 Topotype $ old ad. 370 165 41 23 9821 Topotype $ old ad. 395 185 40 26 9820 Topotype 9 ad. 377 190 40 20 9822 Topotype $ young ad. 370 165 41 23 Skull, old adult $ , type: basal length, 43; occipito-nasal length, 48; zygomatic width, 25; mastoid width, 19.4; interorbital width, 5.2; length of nasals, 19; width of nasals, 5.6; length of palate to palatal notch, 22.2; length of palatal slits, 10.6; length of upper molar series, 9.4; length of single half of mandible, 29.6. Vol. XVI, pp. 91-98 June 25, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE HAWTHORNS OF NORTHEASTERN WISCONSIN. BY J. H. SCHUETTE. The genus Crataegus is variable and has always given trouble to field botanists. As a result of deficient material and imper- fect observations there is a confused treatment, even in leading manuals, and this may be the cause of the excessive splitting of species in recent years. There are six distinct species or rather groups in northeastern Wisconsin each including forms which are not entitled to specific rank although exhibiting some con- stant differences. These variant forms should be considered only as subspecies. Hawthorns, like roses, willows, oaks and many other woody plants furnish valuable material for research to evolutionists, who have hitherto turned their attention chiefly to the animal kingdom. The variability and polymorphism are due to the influence of the evironment and soil, the climate, ef- fects of age and in j ury, crossing, and progressive heredity. In the region of Green Bay, where the retiring waters of bay and lake left distinct evidences of former higher levels in Pleistocene and Recent geological time, variation due to changed environment is illustrated especially by the wild roses. Thus individuals grow- ing on the younger formations of moist and wet sand, or near the surf, present characters plainly different from those of others of the same species growing on the higher alluvial or Pleisto- cene ridges. Crataegus like Rosa is very susceptible to such 25— Peoc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (91) 92 Schuette — Hawthorns of Northeastern Wisconsin. influences. Therefore no expert author should venture to base a new species on a single specimen or a single or slight character. The definitive characters should be constant and direct. Our attention is first of all attracted by the external differences in plants. Form, aspect, and habit, therefore, are all important in the discrimination of variations and in the elevation of subspecies to species, at least for popular recognition. Plants like the hawthorns require observation and investigation under different conditions of environment before being subjected to further specific or subspecific differentiation. After hunting for years for Crataegus crus-galli I found on the peninsula between Lake Michigan and Green Bay, on Wash- ington Island, the next island north of Death Door, Wisconsin, a group of nice trees with shining, thick leaves and rather long thorns. I believed I had at length found the desired species or a variety of it, but later discovering my mistake I called this form C punctata decipiens, and reached the conclusion that C crus-galli does not occur in our northwest. This view is supported by a specimen received in exchange from the National Herbarium labelled '■'■Crataegus crus-galli " and collected in Minnesota. Although I have not seen the buds and fruits I regard it as C. tomentosa. The error, due to the meagre and misleading descriptions given in current manuals, is very ex- cusable. Finally, mention should be made of some interesting obser- vations on the effects of the cold and moist atmosphere near Lake Michigan. At the outset the entire vegetation on the peninsula between Green Bay and the lake is delayed 3 or 4 weeks as compared with that of the surrounding region. Sec- ondly, the atmospheric conditions due to the proximity of the water appear to produce variations and freaks in species, even shrubs seeming to be changed into trees. Near Kewaunee, Wisconsin, on an elevated plain, I met with a cluster of trees, each about 30 feet high and 10 inches in diameter, with the characters of Acer spicatum, the well known shrub. All but one of these trees have since been exterminated bv clearing. On the southern grassy slope of this plain is a little grove of Cra- taegus trees, 12-18 feet high and 3-5 inches in diameter. I am, however not certain as to their specific identity since I have not seen the buds and flowers. tfchuette — Hawthorns of Northeastern Wisconsin. 93 Since the nomenclature of Crataegus seems to be somewhat unsettled, I have employed the familiar names while embodying my own views in the following descriptions. A series of speci- mens, including the types of the new forms, has been presented to the Biological Society of Washington, and by the latter turned over to the United States National Museum. Artificial Key to the Hawthorns of Northeastern Wisconsin. I. Fertile shoots of the current season pubescent. 1. Leaves cordate, truncate or rounded at base, tomentose beneath; petioles not margined, tomentose 1. C. subrillosa Schrader. 2. Leaves acute or acuminate at base; petioles margined. a. Sepals (calyx lobes) toothed (glandular in No. 3). * Anthers red; petioles and outer surface of sepals pubes- cent; flowering two weeks later than No. 1 2. C. tomentosa L. ** Anthers white; sepals glabrous outside (sometimes hairy at base) - - 3. C. macracantha Lodd. b. Sepals entire, glandless, their outer surface glabrous in the upper half - - - - 4. C. punctata Jacq. II. Fertile shoots of the current season glabrous. 1. Corymb and calyx pubescent; sepals deeply (almost fimbriately) toothed; petioles not more than one-sixth as long as the blade, margined, groove hairy and impressed. a. Anthers red; stamens 12-20; calyx cup hairy; leaves hairy beneath, especially on the nerves 5. C. pyrifolia Ait. b. Anthers white in bud, gradually turning brown; stamens 8-12 (rarely more), calyx cup and leaves beneath usually glabrous - - 6. C. pyrifolia sylvestris subsp. nov. 2. Corymb and calyx cup glabrous* ; sepals slightly dentate or en- tire; petioles at least one-third as long as the blade, glabrous beset with few glands. a. Anthers white; sepals toothed and conspicuously gland- ular; petioles margined, blade acute at base, its teeth more or less obtuse if the small terminal gland is re- moved - - - - 1.C caliciglabra sp. nov. b. Anthers red; sepals with few gland-tipped teeth or entire and glandless; petioles marginless by tightly inrolled edges, filiform, visually more than one-half as long as the blade ... 8. G. coccinea L. (For subspecies see below, description No. 8). * In some forms of C. coccinea slightly scattered with soft hairs, but glabrate. 94 Schuette — Hawthorns of Northeastern Wisconsin. Descriptions of species and subspecies. i. Crataegus subvillosa Schrader. A tree with gray, ascending branches, 20-30 feet high and 6-9 inches in diameter. It is easily distinguished by the generally large, densely villous-tomentose leaves with mostly cordate, truncate or even acute bases and slender marginless petioles. The corymbs and flowers are large; sepals hairy both within and without, teeth and glands none or obscure; stamens 12-20 with whitish, later brownish, anthers; the disk with mostly 3-4 styles. The dull red fruits vary in size up to that of cherries and are globose, ovoid or obconical. Thorns few, black, slender, or short and stout. Flowering in the second half of May. Not rare; on banks, slopes, and in moist soil. 2. Crataegus tomentosa L. A slender, crookedly bent but upright, gray tree with few short branches, 8-10 feet high and as thick as a heavy walking stick. The leaves are ovate or obovate (often somewhat oblong or roundish), acute at top, acute or acuminate at base, the blade decurrent on the short, tomentose petiole almost to the end; marginal teeth cuspidately tipped, the blade pubescent beneath, glabrous above; the bracts of the buds are large and red, of the flowers linear-lanceolate, brownish, obscurely toothed and glandless. The compound corymb, the calyx cup, and the usually irregularly toothed and glandless or minutely glandular sepals are finely tomentose. Stamens 12-20; anthers red; pistils 2 or 3; fruits small, somewhat pear-shaped, oblong when young, bulged at the middle like a cask, and quite red when ripe. Not rare in fertile soil or clay, which it prefers. It is unmistakably distinct and easily recognized by its late flowering, about June 10-25, two weeks later than the species last described. 3. Crataegus macracantha Lodd. This species is distinguishable from the last by the white anthers. It is a thorny, spreading, gray shrub, 6-10 feet high. Leaves generally round-ovate, acute or acutish at each end, obscurely lobed and toothed (teeth tipped with a small gland, obtuse or obtusish if this gland is removed), hairy beneath; petiole usually rather slender, mostly with few glands, margined and hairy. Bud scales reddish; stipules and bracts lance-linear, quite glandular; corymbs compound, hairy, as are the calyx cups; sepals glabrous outside, toothed, and gland- ular on the short teeth. Stamens 8-10; pistils 4 (3-5); fruits red, ovoid or globose, as large as big peas. Thorns dark brown, shining, rather Schuette — HatotJiorns v> a swallow. Ridgway — New American Birds. 107 Stelgidopteryx salvini, new species. Similar to 5. serripennis but pileum distinctly darker than back, ter- tials conspicuously margined with white (except in worn plumage), and chin and upper throat pale cinnamon or cinnamon-buff. Southwestern Mexico (State of Jalisco) to Chiriqui. Type, No. 30,716, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male, Duefias, Guate- mala, October 17, 1859; O. Salvin. Vireosylva gilva brewsteri, new subspecies. Similar to V. g. sicainsonii bvit larger (adult male averaging: wing, 73; tail, 52.3; exposed culmen, 11.2; adult female, wing, 71.7; tail, 50.3; exposed culmen, 10.8 mm.). Mountains of Chihuahua, northwestern Mexico. Type, No. 21,811, Coll. William Brewster, adult male, Bravo, , Chi- huahua, July 24, 188S; M. Abbott Frazar. Vireosylva josephas costaricensis, new subspecies. Similar to V. j. josephee but pileum paler sooty, wing shorter and tail longer. Highlands of Costa Rica. Type, No. 41,269, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., San Jose, Costa Rica; J. Car- miol. Vireo huttoni cognatus, new subspecies. Similar to V. h. stepJiensi but underparts without yellowish tinge, the chest not shaded with olive-buff; rump and upper tail-coverts less strongly olive-green. Cape district of Lower California. Type, No. 15,527, Coll. William Brewster, adult male, Sierra de la Laguna, Lower California, May 5, 1887; M. Abbott Frazar. Vireo huttoni mexicanus, new subspecies. Similar in coloration to V. li. huttoni but size decidedly larger (adult male averaging: wing, 67.3; tail, 51.9; adult female, wing, 65.4; tail, 51.2 mm.). Southern portion of Mexican plateau to highlands of Guatemala. Type, No. 143,442, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus. (Biological Survey Collection), adult male, Mt. Orizaba, Puebla, April 26, 1893; E. W. Nelson. 108 Kidgway — New American Birds. Vireo bellii arizonae, new subspecies. Similar to V. b. pusillus but more strongly tinged with olive above, the sides and flanks more strongly tinged with yellowish olive. (Intermedi- ate between V. b. pusillus and V. b. medius, and bearing to the former the same relation that V. b. bellii does to the latter.) Extreme western portion of Texas to Arizona, and southward into northwestern Mexico. Type, No. 98,790, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male, Tucson, Arizona, March 21, 1884; E. W. Nelson. Pachysylvia ochraceiceps pallidipectus, new subspecies. Similar to P. o. ochraceiceps but chest pale buffy olive instead of light ochraceous-brown. Southern Honduras to Chiriqui. Type, No. 47,39(5, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male, Angostura, Costa Rica, July 8, 18G7; J. Carmiol. Vireolanius pulchellus viridiceps, new subspecies. Similar to V. p. verticalis but entire pileum, together with upper part of hindneck, green. Veragua to Panama Railway. Type, No. 40,148, Coll. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist,, adult female, Panama; J. McLeannan. Lanius ludovicianus mearnsi, new subspecies. Similar to L. I. mexicanus but smaller, with larger bill. San Clemente Island, Santa Barbara group, California; Santa Marga- rita Island, Lower California. Type, No. 134,781, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult female, San Clemente Island, California, August 27, 1894; Dr. Edgar A. Mearns, U. S. A. Aphelocoma unicolor coelestis, new subspecies. Similar to A. u. unicolor but larger and the blue color decidedly lighter (cerulean instead of cobalt). Highlands of Guatemala and Chiapas. Type, No. 144,685, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus. (Biological Survey Collection), adult male, San Cristobal, Chiapas, September 24, 1895; Nelson and Goldman. Ridgway — New American Birds. 109 Basolophus inornatus restrlctus, new subspecies. Similar to B. i. inornatus but darker, especially the underparts, the young conspicuously less brownish. Vicinity of San Francisco Bay, California. Type, No. 163,569, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male, Oakland, Cali- fornia, March 24, 1896; Dr. J. Hornung. Baeolophus inornatus murinus, new subspecies. Similar to B. i. inornatus but larger, upperparts much grayer, under- parts darker and grayer; similar to B. i. griseus but decidedly darker. Southern California, in Los Angeles, San Bernardino, and San Diego counties; northern Lower California. Type, No. 133,812, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male, Nachoguero Valley, Lower California, June 4, 1894; Dr. Edgar A. Mearns, U. S. A. Psaltriparus minimus saturatus, new subspecies. Similar to P. m. minimus but darker in corresponding plumages; young with color of pileum duller, more grayish sooty. Vicinity of Puget Sound. Type, No. 136,372, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus. (Biological Survey Collection), Mount Vernon, Washington, December 11, 1895; C. P. Streator. Chatnaea fascfata rufula, new subspecies. Similar to 0. f. phrna but paler; the back clearer sepia brown, the underparts lighter vinaceous-cinnamon. Central coast district of California, in Marin, San Francisco, and Santa Clara counties. Type, No. 82,620, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., Nicasio, Marin County, Cali- fornia, December 8, 1876; C. A. Allen. Polioptila nelsoni, new species. Similar to P. carulea mexicana but adult male with forehead and crown (within the U-shaped black mark) blackish slate, distinctly glossed \ 110 Midgway — New American Birds. ■with greenish blue; adult female similar to that of P. e. msiogaster but upperparts duller slate-gray and underparts white medially. Southeastern Mexico (States of Oaxaca and Chiapas). Type, No. 142,695, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus. (Biological Survey Collection), adult male, Oaxaca City, Oaxaca, June 21, 1891; Nelson and Goldman. Polioptila bairdi, new species. Similar to P. albiloris but smaller, and with lores not entirely white, but crossed with a black line (in adult male) from rictus to anterior angle of eye. Western Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Type, No. 89,693, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male, San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua, January 6, 188&; C. C. Nutting. Polioptila superciliaris magna, new subspecies. Similar to P. s. superciliaris but decidedly larger (except length of tarsus), the wing much longer; coloration darker, the pileum, in adult female (adult male not seen!) nearly slate-black, the underparts pale gray (between french gray and cinereous), only the abdomen, hinder Hanks, anal region and under tail-coverts being white. Adult female. — Wing, 47.5; tail, 43; exposed culmen, 12.5 mm. Highlands of central Costa Rica. Type, No. 189,563, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult female, Cartago, Costa Rica, April, 1886; J. J. Cooper. Telmatodytes palustris iliacus, new subspecies. Similar to T. p. palustris but paler and much more refescent, the Hanks and anal region conspicuously tawny buff or buffy cinnamon. Mississippi Valley and Great Plains region, north to Alberta, east to Indiana, south in migration over greater part of Mexico (except north- western portion) and along Gulf coast to western Florida, occasionally to middle and southern Atlantic coast. Type, No. 90,199, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male, Wheatland, Knox County, Indiana, April 30, 1883; R. Ridgway. This form equals T. p. dissa>ptus Bangs in part; but the type of the latter, now before me, is from Wayland, Massachusetts, and, together Avith a large series from the same portion of the country, seems to me inseparable from T. p. palustris. Ridgway — New American Birds. Ill Heleodytes nelsoni, new species. — Campylorlujnchus megalopterus and C. pallescens of authors, not of Lafresnaye. Similar to H. megalopterus (Lafresnaye)* but smaller, paler, and more brownish: bands on back dull brownish white or pale brownish buff; spots on underparts grayish brown instead of blackish. Southeastern portion of Mexican plateau. Type, No. 13,659, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., Jalapa, Vera Cruz, J. Montes de'Oca. *=H. altieola Nelson, which Mr. Nelson was misled into naming as new through an error of mine in identifying Lafresnaye's type. Vol. XVI, pp. 113-116 September 30, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THB BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE NORTH AMERICAN FORMS OF ASTRAGALINUS PSALTRIA (SAY). BY HARRY C. OBERHOLSER. Six geographical races of Astragalinus psaltria (Say) were recognized by Mr. Ridgway in his recent treatment of the genus*, as follows: Astragalinus psaltria psaltria (Say). — Lower California and southwest- ern United States from Texas and Colorado to California. Astragalinus psaltria arizonte (Cones'). — Northwestern Mexico and southwestern border of the United States from Texas to California, north to Colorado. Astragalinus psaltria mexicanus (Swainson). — Mexico, except extreme southern and northwestern portions; north to Texas, New Mexico and Colorado. Astragalinus psaltria croceus (Jouy). — Southern Mexico to Panama, casually to Colombia and Ecuador. Astragalinus psaltria jouyi (Ridgway). — Yucatan. Astragalinus psaltria columbiamis (La-fresnaye). — Costa Rica to Yene- zuela and Peru. ♦Birds of North and Middle Amer., I, 1901, pp. 114-121. 29— Proc. Biol, Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (H8) 114 Oberholser — Forms of Astragalimis Psaltria {Say). "With the last three we have no present concern, but the others will bear further elucidation. In the first place, the status of Astragalimis p. arizonce, as currently accepted, has been very properly challenged by Mr. Brewster* and Mr. Grin- nellf, as well as by Mr. RidgwayJ. Furthermore, the occur- rence of all three forms — psaltria, arizonce and mexicanus — in Colorado during the breeding season is alone sufficient to arouse suspicion. The type locality of psaltria is the Arkansas River, near 105° west longitude (between Pueblo and Canon City), Colorado?/, and a series of summer males from Colorado Springs, Colorado, which for purposes of comparison may be considered practical topotypes, exhibits all gradations from the green-backed to the black-backed forms, representing thus psaltria, arizonce, and mexicanus — all breeding at the same place! These differences are, however, in this case, quite tertainly the result of age; and this conclusion is fortified by the occurrence of similar varia- tions well within the range of the so-called black-backed form mexicanus, \\ in Texas, New Mexico, and even Mexico. Males breed in the green-backed plumage which probably is the condi- tion of the first year; and one or two, possibly three, more seasons are required to complete the fully adult black dress. Say's psaltria was based on one of these immature green-backed specimens which are indistinguishable from individuals of the constantly green-backed form found in California; but notwith- standing this, the name must be used for the black-backed Colorado bird. Fully adult individuals from this latter state, that is, those with the black upper surface, seem, however, not to be proportionately so common, at least in collections, as the similar plumage of the Mexican bird, and moreover, have usu- ally some slight mixture of olive green on the upper parts, though by far the greater number of Mexican birds have a simi- lar trace of olive; but both these apparent differences may be due either to fortuitous selection in collecting specimens — as, for in- stance, appears to be the case with adult males of Sporop>hila •Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XLI, 1902, p. 136. f Condor, 1902, pp. 115-116. JBirds of North and Middle Amer., I, 1901, p. 116. §Say, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts., II, 1823, p. 40. ||Swainson, Philos. Mag., N. S., I, 1827, p. 435 (Real del Monte, Hi- dalgo, Mexico). Oberholser — Forms of Astragali-mis Psaltria {Say). 115 mordleti from the Lower Rio Grande — or to a tendency toward intergradation with the green-backed form found farther to the westward. Moreover, there seem to be no other characters to separate the birds of Colorado (psaltria) from those of Mexico (mexicanus). From these facts it therefore is apparent that Astragalinus p. mexicamis is the same as Astra galinus p. psaltria. The name arizonce* was based on New Mexico birds in the parti-colored immature plumage, and is undoubtedly a synonym of psaltria. The type (No. 37,091, U. S. Nat. Mus.) came from near Fort Wingate, New Mexico; and another specimen taken at the same time (June 28) is almost pure black above. In treating this form, Mr. Ridgway curiously enough overlooked the type and the two other specimens taken simultaneously by Dr. Coues, stating that none of these were in the collection of the United States National Museum f . New Mexico, with the exception of its extreme southwestern corner, seems to be in- habited solely by the black-backed bird psaltria. All adult males from Lower California, California, Nevada, Arizona, together with those we have seen from Utah have the back olive green, apparently never assuming the black plumage of true psaltria- and rarely have even a mixture of black in the back or auriculars, such individuals indicating probably, as Mr. Brewster suggests, merely an aberrant tendency of this green- backed form. True intermediates doubtless do occur, however, in northwestern Mexico. From what has been said in the foregoing paragraphs it may be premised that there are but two forms of Astragalinus pisaltria in North America north of southern Mexico, and that one of these is unnamed. They may be distinguished as follows: Astragalinus psaltria psaltria (Say). Frinyilla psaltria Say, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts., II, 1823, p. 40. Carduelis mexicana Swainson, Philos. Mag., N. S., I, 1827, p. 435. Fringilla melanoxantha Lichtenstein, Preis-Verz. Mex. Yog., 1830, p. 2. Fringilla texensis Giraud, Sixteen Species North Amer. Birds, 1841, pl- 5, fig. 1. *Coues, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866, pp. 82, 83. fBirds of North and Middle Amer., I, 1901, p. 116, footnote. 116 Oberholser — Forms of Astragalinvs Psaltria {Say). Chrysomitris (Pseudomitris) mexiettmu var. arizona Coues. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.. 1S66, pp. S2. S3. ifit characters. — Upper parts, including wings and tail, black, the wings with broad white edgings, the tail with most of its feathers extensively white basally: entire under surface yellow. Geographic distribution. — Mexico, excepting the northwestern and ex- treme southern portions: Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado. Astragalinus psaltria hesperophilus, subsp. nov. Astra galinus psaltria Auct., nee Say. Subspecific characters. — Similar to Astragalinus psaltria psaltria, but ear-coverts, sides of neck, with back, nape, and rump, in fully adult plumage, olive green instead of black. Geographic distribution. — Southwestern United States and northwest- ern Mexico, from California and Lower California to Utah, Arizona, and extreme southwestern New Mexico. Description. — Type, adult male. No. 139. 15S. U. S. National Museum (Biological Survey Collection): San Bernardino. California, December 28, 1S90: Dr. A. K. Fisher. Pileum. and upper tail-coverts black, the latter with olive green edgings; remainder of upper parts olive green with narrow dusky or blackish shaft streaks: tail black, the inner webs of the three outer pairs of rectrices largely white, and all the feathers narrowly margined externally with pale grayish: wings black, with a large white speculum at the base of the primaries, the tertials broadly bordered with white, the other quills narrowly edged with grayish and olivaceous: lesser and median wing-coverts edged with olive green: greater coverts broadly margined with greenish white: sides of head and neck olive green: entire under surface deep primrose yellow, paler on the crissum, whitish on the abdomen, and shaded with olivaceous on sides and flanks: lining of wing mixed gray, white, and black. Length of wing. 65.5; tail, 43: exposed culmen, 9; tarsus. 15: middle toe. 10 mm. Vol. XVI, pp. 117-118 September 30, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW SPECIES OF IIABEXARIA FROM CUBA. BY OAKES AMES. This species is closely allied to Habenari I 7o.. Rchb. f. (Fig. 2.) of peninsular Florida, Mexico. Central Amer- ica and Cuba. It grows in rich hillside woodlands, usually where there is considerable shade, flowering during the winter months. On November 9, 1902. I discovered a single specimen in bloom in the Province of Pinar del Rio, near Cayajabos. a town which was destroyed in the Cuban war; and on a second expedition to the same locality made in January. 1903, with Robert G. Leavitt. I found numerous plants, both in flower and in fruit. ///' - " < was common here though its season of bloom was practically at a close. However, manv flowers were still in good condition, and made possible a care- ful comparative study of both species in the field. Habenaria Sanbornii, sp. nov. (Fig. 1). Plants 2-S dm. tall: roots fleshy, tubers short, elliptical or ne;. leaves six to eight, quite rigid, dull gray-green, never glossy above. 5-30 cm. long. 2-3 cm. wide, lanceolate to narrowly elliptical, lower ones often obtuse, upper ones acute: cauline bracts lanceolate to lance-ovate. acuminate, acute: floral bracts similar, lower ones longer than the 30— Pboc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI. 190& * (117) 118 Ames — A New Sjyecies of Habenaria from Cuba. Fig. 1. Habenaria Sanbomii Ames (a x VA, b and ex 3)., ovaries; racemes 6-30 cm. long, loosely or densely flowered, flowers few or many (twelve to sixty), pedicels short, nearly erect; lateral sepals greenish, strongly deflexed, falcate, spreading, elliptic-oblong, mostly 3-nerved, 7 mm. long; upper sepal similar in color, nearly orbicular, 3-nerved, 4 mm. long; petals 4 mm. long, greenish-yellow, oblong, some- what quadrangular, the angles ob- tuse, rounded, at the summit of each petal the main nerve termin- ates in an abrupt denticle, anterior basal angle slightly protuberant; lip 5 mm. long, yellowish, oblong- linear, pointed, quite straight, de- flexed, margin rather revolute, base on either side obscurely obtuse angled, otherwise the lip is entire and regular; spur 10-12 mm. long, slender, straight; stigmatic glands somewhat globular; ovary 11-12 mm. long, cylindrical, tapering to both ends. Cuba: In vicinity of Cayajabos, Pinar del Rio. Type in Author's Herbarium, No. 519. January 29, 1903 (Leavitt and Ames). Habenaria San- bomii, does not ap- pear in Wright's collections of Cub- an plants so far as I have been able to ascertain, and up to this time I have not succeeded in identifying my ma- terial with any spe- cies of Habenaria hitherto described. Typical specimens have been placed in the Gray Her- barium of Harvard University. The name of Ed- w i n L . Sanborn, Jr., through whose kindness and hos- pitality I was enabled to make a considerable collection and study of Cuban orchids, is associated with this species. Fig. 2. Habenaria odontopetala Rchb. (a x iy2, b and c x 3). Vol. XVI, pp. 119-120 September 30, I9C3 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW NATALINE BAT FROM THE BAHAMAS. BY GERRIT S. MILLER, Jr. [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] While accompanying the Bahama Expedition of the Geo- graphical Society" of Baltimore, Mr. J. H. Riley obtained four specimens of a nataline bat easily distinguishable from the species hitherto known. They were taken in a cave near Sandy Point, at the southwest corner of Watlings Island. The animal may be known as: Chilonatalus tumidifrons, sp. nov. Type. — Adult male (in alcohol) No. 122,024 United States National Museum. Collected on Watlings Island, Bahamas, July 12, 1903, by J. H. Riley. Original number 157. Characters. — Not as small as Chilonatalus micropus and C. brevimanuSi but forearm of about the same length as in the related species. Frontal gland extending from middle of forehead nearly to end of muzzle, and rising 5 mm. above level of eye. Skull and teeth essentially as in Chilo- natalus micropus, but .ess diminutive in size. External form. — Except for the slight difference in size, the external ap- pearance of Chilonatalus tumidifrons is closely similar to that of C. mi- cropus. The forearm, however, is relatively shorter, and the ears are more evenly rounded off above. Lips and muzzle as in the related spe- 31— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (119) 120 Miller — A New Nataline Bat from the Bahamas. cies, except that projection above nostrils is narrower. Penis less than half as long as foot, and readily concealed by surrounding fur. Mem- branes in no way peculiar. Frontal gland at least four times as large as in CJtilonatalus micropus, much longer and higher than wide. It extends from a point on forehead nearly level with middle of proencephalon to within 3 mm. of nostril, a distance of about 8 mm. Its greatest width is 3.8 mm.; and its height, measured from corner of eye is a little over 5 mm. Its surface is finely rugose, and naked except for a sprinkling of minute hairs. Color. — The fur is everywhere cream-buff, that of the belly clear and unmixed with brown, that of the back clouded with broccoli-brown. Ears light yellowish brown, darkening at edges. Membranes dark brown. Skull and teeth. — Except for their greater size the skull and teeth do not differ appreciably from those of Chilonatalus micropus. Measurements. — Type: total length, 87; head and body, 40; tail, 47; tibia, 18; foot, 7; forearm, 32; first digit, 5; second digit, 34; third digit, 65; fourth digit, 48; fifth digit, 49; ear from meatus, 14; ear from crown, 11; width of ear, 16; skull, greatest length, 15.8; basal length, 14; bas- ilar length, 13; zygomatic breadth, 7.4; greatest breadth of braincase, 6.6; mandible, 11.4; maxillary toothrow exclusive of incisors (alveoli), 6.8; mandibular toothrow exclusive of incisors (alveoli), 7. Specimens examined. — Four (two skins), all from the type locality. Vol. XVI, pp. 121-122 September 30, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW PIGMY SQUIRREL FROM CENTRAL AMERICA. BY E. W. NELSON. Although several squirrels belonging to the subgenus Micro- sciurus have been described they have all been based upon a very limited number of specimens. The rarity of these animals in recent collections from the region in which they occur makes it appear that they are either rare or extremely shy. Collectors visiting Central or northern South America should make special effort to obtain small squirrels, since the few speci- mens of MicroschiTus already in existence show an unexpectedly large number of species with apparently rather restricted ranges. I am indebted to the generosity of Mr. Oldfield Thomas, Curator of Mammals of the British Museum, for the opportunity to describe the following species. Sciurus (Microsciurus) boquetensis, sp. nov. Chiriqui Pigmy Squirrel. y^pe.— Adult female, No. 3.3.3.38, British Museum. Collected at Boquete (alt. 6000 ft.), Chiriqui, Panama, May 7, 1903, by H. J. Watson. Original number 93. 32— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (121) 122 Kelson — A New Pigmy Squirrel. Distribution. — Known only from type locality. Specific characters. — Pelage soft, thick and woolly; tail slender, flat- tened; upperparts olive brown; breast rusty rufous; rest of underparts mainly grizzled bistre brown; tops of feet and toes washed with rusty. Size about that of S. alfari. Color. — Upperparts including sides of body and upper surface of legs uniform olivaceous brown with a dull yellowish shade; sides of head and neck slightly paler and more yellowish; tops of feet and toes washed with rusty reddish; tail dull tawny olive finely washed and tipped with black and thinly edged with pale yellowish tips of hairs; chin and throat dingy rusty: underside of neck and breast rusty rufous shading back into dull grizzled brown; underside of tail dull tawny olive narrowly bordered with black and thinly edged with pale yellowish tips of hairs. Measurements. — Measurements of type from dried skin: total length, 257; tail vertebrae, 116; hind foot, 37. Cranial characters. — Premolars f. Skull longer and proportionately narrower than in S. isthmivs; this character specially marked in rostrum ; interorbital width narrower; brain-case narrower and more highlyarched. lower jaw heavier with angle stronger and more broadly expanded; molar series longer and heavier. The skull of type measures: palatal length, 15.5; interorbital breadth, 14: length of upper molar series, 7. Specimt us examined. — One; from type locality. General notes. — The soft thick pelage of this species indicates that it is a resident of a comparatively cool and probably humid climate. The measurements of the apparently slightly over-stuffed type show that it is about the same size as S. alfari. It may be at once distin- guished from S. isthmivs, S. alfari, and S. similis by the rather pale, al- most grayish, olivaceous color of upperparts, which entirely lack the warm reddish brown suffusion characteristic, in varying degree, of the three species named. Vol. XVI, pp. 123-124 September 30, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW HOGNOSE SNAKE FROM FLORIDA. BY LEOXHARD STEJNEGER. [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] Mr. E. J. Brown collected in 1901, near Lemon City, two hognose snakes lacking the azygos shield between the inter- nasals. Fearing that they might be freaks only, I waited until the receipt of a young specimen in all essential features like the others. I propose to name this new form after its discoverer: Heterodon browni, new species. Diagnosis. — Maxillary teeth, S -f- 2; no azygos shield between inter- nasals or prefrontals: rostral narrower than distance between eyes; scale rows, 25; ventrals, 114-127; anal divided; subcaudals, 47-53 pairs. Habitat. — Southern Florida. Type. — Immature female, No. 32,089 United States National Museum; Lemon City, Florida; E. J. Brown, collector. Description. — Adult male: U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 31,92G; Lemon City. Florida; E. J. Brown, collector. Rostral slightly recurved, the under- side much wider than high, the upper portion about equalling its distance from frontal, the posterior projection less than half the suture between the internasals; rostral keel sharp; internasals broadly in contact, with no azygos shield between them, their mutual suture longer than that be- tween the prefrontals; prefrontals undivided, large, in contact with each other, with frontal, supraoculars, upper preorbital, loreal and posterior nasals; frontal one and one-half times as long as broad, as long as pari- etals; nostril in suture between two nasals, opening backwards, the pos- 33—Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (123) f 124 Stej — A Y -77 - 6 [•€ fr T" 'J.a. terior nasal being hollowed on - is is - "he loreal though to a less ex- tent, the frw nasals s :d the loreal subequal in size: eye lar_ - ..ori- zontal diameter as long - ts .nee from ai the ver: diameter greater than - -ance from the edge of the - eye sur- rounded by a ring of 10 (or 11 on one - shields including .the supra- ocul 8 s 2 — 3: S supralabials, - . and seventh mental very small; 9 lower labia - pair large, broadly in contact behind mental, first, second and third in contact •with chin-shield: one pair of large chin-shields, in contact behind with four scale-like s. the outer pair of which, whi :he posterior c shields, scarcely more developed than the others: 25 rows of sc; around the middle of the body. 19 rows a head-length anterior to Ltei row smooth, the next very feebly carinated, the ke es creasing in ~> towards the back: 114 ventrals: anal divided: - of subcaudals. Color above sepia brown darker on the median becoming paler on the - - the back with 15 whitish cross-bands wh; sn on the s -here they enclose a roundish brownish-black cross- - :thout lateral spots: head with a brownish-black band across the prefrontals, with an anterior projection on the suture between the intern this prefrontal band extending obliquely backwards through the eyes to the angle of the mouth: a simi- lar band runnir .. .el with it from the pai - :o the sides of the ning a large ob. . Irish ] itch on each side of the neck: be- n these, on the nape, an elongate median blackish spot; a brownish k symmetrical figure of irregular outline on fronto-supraocular- par: .ire: a pale irregular band spotted with dusky across middle of frontal and supraoculars: underside clouded with brownish gray, leaving the middle of the ventrals more or less uniform pale. — 1 - - mm.; tail. 88 mm. The young specimen (TJ. S. X. M. 2so. 32,089), apart from slight devia- tions in the scale formula, which may be seen in the subjoined table, _ es completely with the two large specimens. Its ground color is less brownish, inclining as it does to purplish gray, and there is an additional lateral row of irregular blackish spots below the ocelli of the dorso- lateral cross-bands. Scale formula. D - 3 a DQ P — -s. :. — — * i_ X. M. and Lc — - ?- % -^ — < g - Q p No. - J. 23 ■- -7 = r- : 7925 | 117 2 53 - 10 2-3 L Lemon Citv. Fla. 25 114 2 52 - 10 (11) 2-3 . - : Lemon 1 25 .12^ 2 - 10 (11) 3+i Vol. XVI, pp. 125-123 September 30, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NOTES. Earliest name for the American Crow. 1 in general use for the American Crow, dates from Audubon. 1S34 (Orn. Biogr.. II. p. 317). but C. L. Brehm fully described and named the species in 1S22 (Beitrage zur Yogelkunde. II. 1S22. p. " as Comug brachyrl-. As there can be no question about the appli- cability of Brehm's name. become necessary to adopt it for the Common Crow. One subspecies will be affected by this change, viz: ' s braehyrhyncl • .- \ l :ues). — Charles W. Richmond. Relationships of the Madagascar genus Hypositta Newton.- The genus Hypositta has by common practice been placed in the farr Sittida, but possesses so many pronounced and unique structural char- acters that I believe it to be entitled to rank as a distinct family, which may be characterized (in part) as follows: Hyposittid-s:. new family. Small ten-primaried acutiplantar Oscines. related to SittiJi, but with maxilla uncinate at tip, its tomia distinctly notched subterminally: hallux (without claw) nearly as long as middle toe (without claw): outer toe very nearly as long as middle toe. and united to the latter for the whole of its basal and half its subbasal phalanges: inner toe only about half as long as outer: acrotarsium booted: tail three-fourths as lon^: wing. — Robert Ridgway. *By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. 34— Pkoc. Biol. See. Wash. Vol. XVI. 1903. 126 General Notes. Note on Sciurus mollipilosus Audubon and Bachman. In a recent note entitled 'The proper name of the Redwood Chickaree', published in these Proceedings (Vol. XVI, pp. 99, 100, June 25, 1903), Mr. Bangs objects to my identification of Sciurus mollipilosus Aud. and Bach, with his later described Sciurus hudsonicus orarius, which he now says "should be known as Sciurus (Tamiasciurus) douglasi orarius (Bangs)." His objection seems to be mainly that when the original authors of the name said: "This species was secured in Upper California, near the Pacific Ocean," and, "Our specimens were obtained in the northern part of California, near the Pacific Ocean," they did not really mean California at all but, "merely northwest coast of America, and is analogous to 'that part of California that adjoins Mexico' of the same authors." As to this 'analogous' expression, it originated with Bennett in 1833 (P. Z. S., 1833, p. 39), and, correctly quoted is: "that part of Cali- fornia which adjoins to Mexico," and is not in any sense Audubon and Bachman's. As "the northern part of California, near the Pacific Ocean" was at the time Audubon and Bachman wrote an unsettled wilderness belonging to Mexico, they could hardly have more definitely indicated the home of the Redwood Chickaree than by the phraseology they employed. The coloration, as indicated by their figure, can be given little weight, when we recall the extravagant and unnatural tints that disfigure so large a part of their illustrations in the work to which reference is made, but the mention of white-tipped hairs in the tail, and lower parts "lightly tinged in some places with rufous" will apply very well to winter speci- mens I have seen of Mr. Bangs's orarius, — far better than to any other known form of the subgenus Tamiasciurus. Mr. Bangs says that the only ground I gave "for using the name [mollipilosus] to supplant my [his] S. orarius''' was the supposed origin of the specimens. As a matter of fact, the case seemed so clear to me that no argument or discussion of the matter appeared necessary. Nor is my opinion changed by Mr. Bangs's presentation of the case. It will be noticed that Mr. Bangs now considers that S. mollipilosus belongs to the hudsonicus group and not to the douglasii group, and is of the opinion that it should be referred to either S. h. vancoaverensis or S. h. streatori, both from British Columbia. Baird, however, in 1857, said: "I have no doubt that the Sciurus mollipilosus of Audubon and Bachman is the same animal in the cinereous pelage ascribed to the above species [S. douglasii] * * * From the remark that the cinere- ous of the underparts is in some places lightly tinged with rufous, I infer that the specimen described of S. mollipilosus was in a transition state between the summer and winter pelage" (Mamm. N. Amer., 1857, p. 277). Mr. Bangs is, therefore, the first to question the correctness of the al- leged locality. — J. A. Allen. General Notes. 127 The Nodding Pogonia in the vicinity of Washington. In August, 1903, while examining the woodland near the alluvial bot- toms on the north side of Plummer's Island, I came unexpectedly upon several clumps of the Nodding Pogonia, Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Rydberg. This orchid is credited with a range extending from Vermont to Florida, and westward to "Wisconsin and Kansas, but it is everywhere rare and local except in certain portions of the Alleghenies. Certainly its discovery at this point furnishes another important addition to the flora of Washington and vicinity. Plummer's Island, in the Potomac, is located about nine miles from "Washington, and belongs geographically to Montgomery County, Maryland. The central portion is high, rocky, and well timbered, the soil being a fine leaf mold. The basal portions, on the other hand, are level and often flooded when the river is at its highe? stages. This orchid has been very generally placed in Pogonia by modern authorities. In Britton's Manual, however, the genus Triphora, which Nuttall established for it, is restored. In the field the plant is certainly conspicuously different in appearance from other Pogonias. This is due mainly to the axillary inflorescence. The only other character of im- portance on which Triphora is based is the absence of a crest on the lip of the corolla. — Charles L. Pollard. A new Violet from Kentucky. Viola Priceaxa n. sp. — Acaulescent, erect, about 1.3 dm. high, from an oblique rootstock; leaves succulent, glabrous, rather dark green, cordate- ovate in outline, somewhat cucullate, the apex abtuse, the margin regu- larly crenate; scapes equalling or surpassing the foliage; flowers very large (3 cm. broad) pale lilac, shaded with purple near the base of the petals and conspicuously purple-veined; lateral petals copiously bearded with white hairs; petals broadly oblong or nearly orbicular, the keel petal narrower and deeply channeled, the spur large and blunt; cleis- togamous flowers on horizontal or slightly ascending peduncles. In rich soil, various stations around Bowling Green, Kentucky. The description is drawn from a clump of plants in my garden, sent to me in May, 1901, by Miss Sadie F. Price; these flowered rather sparsely in April, 1902, but more freely in 1903, and were conspicuous when in bloom on account of the contrast between the purple margins and pale ground color of the corolla. Miss Price reported it as very constant in its char- acters, and as easily distinguishable from other violets with which it grew. A herbarium specimen taken from these living plants and deposited in the United States National Herbarium, is the type. I take pleasure in naming the species in honor of the lady whose recent decease has de- prived us of a valuable field worker and intelligent collaborator. — Charles L. Pollard. 128 General Notes. Scolecophagus preoccupied. Scolecophagus Swainson, 1831, commonly used for a genus of North American birds, is preoccupied by Scolecophagus Geoffroy, 1795. For the' genus of birds known as Scolecophagus the term Euphagus may be em- ployed. The latter was used by Cassin in 1866 (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866, p. 413) for Psarocolius cyanocephalus Wagler. The two spe- cies will thus stand as: Euphagus carolinus (Miiller), and Euphagus cyano- cephalus (Wagler). — Charles W. Richmond. On the name Eniconetta. Polysticta Eyton, 1836, as the generic name for Steller's Duck, has long since been rejected in favor of Eniconetta Gray, 1840, because of an al- leged earlier Polysticte Smith, 1836 (sometimes erroneously quoted "1835"). It can be said, however, that Eyton's Polysticta was published in April, 1836 (Catal. Brit. Birds, p. 58), while Smith's Polysticte ap- peared not earlier than June (Smith consistently quotes it "June, 1836" in his Illustrations of South African Zoology), and possibly even later. Smith did not return from his expedition into the interior of South Africa until the middle of March, 1836, after which he prepared his "Report of the Expedition for Exploring Central Africa," published at Cape Town. The date cited by Smith may mean that of the completion of his MS. In any event Eyton's name Polysticta is prior to Polysticte Smith, and should be used for Anas stelleri Pallas. — Charles W. Richmond. Vol. XVI, pp. 129-132 November 12, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW SPECIES OF LARGE IGUANA FROM THE BAHAMA ISLANDS. BY LEONHARD STEJNEGEK, [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] Mr. J. H. Riley, of the United States National Museum, while attached to the Bahama Expedition of the Baltimore Geo- graphical Society, during the summer of 1903, collected a goad series of a large iguana belonging to the genus Cyclura on Watlings Island. He also secured a fine specimen of Cyclura bceolopha Cope on Andros Island, the type locality of this well- defined species. Two specimens collected by Mr, William Palmer in 1900 on the Isle of Pines, which I have regarded as typical of Cyclura cyclura, have furnished material for com- parison, with the result that the Watlings Island specimens are here described as a new species. It will be noted that a large ip-uana from Cat Island has been recorded under the name of the Cuban species (Cope, Proc. U. S, Nat. Mus., 1887, p. 43V), but in view of the close proximity of Cat Island to Watlings, it is probably nearer to the iguana described below, if not actually identical with it, than to the form inhabiting Cuba. The third species peculiar to the Bahamas is Cyclura carinata from Turk's Island, the most peculiar of them all. 35— PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. VOL. XVI, 1903. (129} £30 Stejneger — A JVeic Species- of Large Iguana, Cyclura rileyi, sp. nov. Diagnosis. — Combs on second and third toes; scales on muzzle large: no median protuberances antei'ior to eyea; verticils on tail feebly devel- oped; a large patch of tubercular scales on side of throat below angle of mouth; a small shield in contact with nasal between supranasal and postnasal ; dorsal crest represented by about 75 (71-79) enlarged strongly keeled scales. Habitat. — Watlings Island, Bahamas. Type.- — United States National Museum, No, 31,969; Watlings Island,. Bahamas, July 13, 1903; J. H. Riley, collector. Description. — Adult female; United States National Museum, No, 31,969; Watlings Island; July 13, 1903; J. H. Riley, collector. Rostral wide, much wider than mental, broadly in contact with nasal; nasal very large, larger than any other shield on the head, broadly hexagonal, forming a long suture with its fellow; nostril nearly ovoid, large, near the upper posterior corner of the nasal; nasal in contact with a large elongate supranasal, and two postnasals, the upper one small and squar- ish, the lower larger, both this and the nasal separated from the anterior supralabials by two or three rows of small shields; supranasals broadly in contact on the middle of the snout, each followed by two pairs of pre- frontals, one behind the other, both larger than supranasals, and the posterior pair larger than the anterior; the prefrontals are separated on the median line by a few small and irregular shields; top of head behind prefrontals covered by small irregular polygonal shields, those on outer and anterior portion of supraocular region being smaller, but otherwise without a clearly recognizable arrangement into supraorbital semi-circles and supraocular disks; all cephalic shields and scales smooth or slightly tuberculate; occipital somewhat larger than the adjacent scutes; no dis- tinctly differentiated superciliary shields, only two of the anterior ones adjoining the canthus rostralis being somewhat enlarged and elongated; four small shields on canthus rostralis behind postnasals; shields cover- ing the loreal triangle numerous, flat, elongate, irregularly polygonal and varying in size, anteriorly wedged in between the nasals and the supra- labials, two to three rows separating the latter from the postnasal; a series of enlarged keeled suboculars separated from the supralabials by about seven rows of small elongate hexagonal scales; scales covering the temporal region irregular in size and shape, some almost granular; a group of larger tubercular shields or scales in front of the upper edge of the tympanum, one being particularly prominent, and a single series of similar ones along the anterior edge of the tympanum ; tympanum ovoid, its vertical diameter less than diameter of eye; supralabials low and elongate, six to under the center of the eye; lower labials higher than the supra- labials, but smaller than the malar shields; the three anterior malars in contact with the lower labials, the posterior ones separated from them by one and two rows of elongate polygonal shields but no granules or small scales; the posterior malars with a blunt tubercle or keel at the Stejneger — A Neio Sjyecies of Large Iguana. 131 lower edge: throat covered with small uniform juxtaposed scales; on each side below the angle of the mouth a patch of larger, more rounded tubercles separated by scales corresponding to the other throat scales; a strong transverse fold across the lower neck joined by numerous longi- tudinal folds on the sides of the neck and a high (about 25 mm.) dewlap on the median line; back covered with small uniform squarish scales in tolerably regular series, 10-12 scales in the long diameter of the tym- panum; a curved nuchal crest consisting of about 20 spines, the longest about 25 mm. high and slightly falcate; a series of 79 enlarged, elongate, keeled scales forming a slight crest on the median line of the back; scales on underside' similar to those on back, those on upper side of arm, especially forearm, somewhat larger, those on hind legs even more so (about 6 in the long diameter of the ear) and with indication of keels; a single series of about 20 femoral pores; inner side of second toe with one "comb," of third toe with two "combs," each consisting of three lobes; tail compressed, covered with obliquely keeled scales in vertical rows forming but faintly indicated verticils, about five rows of the larger scales to a verticil where such can be made out; tail surmounted by a series of enlarged, pointed, triangular scales forming a strongly serrated edge. Color, which according to Mr. Riley has not changed materially in the preserving fluid, dull "smoke gray, "on the upper surface irregularly and obscurely marked with variously anastomosing blotches and mar- blings of "tawny-olive." Dimensions.— Total length (tail regenerated), 597 mm.; tip of snout to vent, 272; tip of snout to orbit, 24; tip of snout to ear, 51; width of head, 35; fore limb, 106; hind limb, 161; vertical diameter of tympanum, 9. In No. 31,966 which has the tail complete the dimensions are as fol- lows: Total length, 558 mm.; tip of snout to vent, 208; vent to tip of tail, 350. The tail is consequently more than \\ times the length of head and body. Variation. — The individual variation displayed by the seven specimens collected is surprisingly small. The scutellation is essentially as in the type specimen described above, with here and there an additional small shield intercalated where two sutures meet, the only greater devi- ation being that of No. 31,970 in which the anterior prefrontals are devided transversely. The anterior superciliaries are also better defined in some of the specimens than in the one described, and the arrange- ment of the supraorbital ridge is also occasionally better defined. The number of enlarged keeled scales forming the dorsal crest, or rather ridge, varies between 71 and 79, one each having these numbers, one each having 73, 76 and 77 and two 75 scales. The color is also fairly uniform throughout the series. Remarks. — This new species, though probably nearest related to the Cuban C. cyclura, shows certain leanings towards C. cornuta in the small- ness of the scales covering arms and legs and the undeveloped condition of the caudal verticils. The similarity to the other Bahaman species is 132 Stejneger — A New /Speck's of Large Iguana. not remarkably close, and altogether the new form may be easily identi- fied by the characters pointed out in the diagnosis. Field notes by Mr. Riley. — This species is very common on two small keys in the large salt-water lake on Watlings Island, but is very rarely found on the main part of the island, probably caused by the large num- ber of cats that are said to be running wild. The iguanas must have reached the keys by swimming. The large key is locally known as Iguana Cay. It is several hundred yards long and fifteen or twenty broad. Mangroves grow around the shore, but the center is covered with a large cactus tree. The key, of course, is nothing but coral rock. The ground under the cactus is bare and here most of the iguanas are found. They have a habit of running very swiftly and then suddenly stopping, unless very much frightened when they go into holes in the rock, with which their domain is abundantly supplied. They have a lumbering gait that carries them over the ground very rapidly. They also climb trees to some extent, and one of those shot was about five feet up in a mangrove. Two of the females opened were heavy with eggs, one of them containing five, about the size of turtle eggs. Vol. XVI, pp. I33-H4 November 5,2, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON ON SPECIES OF SOUTH AMERICAN DELPIIINID ,.K DESCRIBED BY DR R. A. PHILIPPI IN 1893 AND 1896. BY FREDERICK W. TRUE. In 1893 Dr. R. A. Philippi, Director of the National Museum of Chili, described several new species of porpoises and com- mented on various South American forms previously known. In 189G he supplemented this by a second paper on the same subject.* These two papers constitute a valuable contribution to the knowledge of the Delphinidw of South American seas, but, on account of lack of access to recent literature, or for some other reason, many of the different forms are assigned to genera to which they can at present hardly be considered to belong. As I have given the family Delphinidce considerable study and have examined the types of the majority of the species described by Gray and other cetologists, I venture to express below my opinions as to the probable affinities and correct scientific names of the various forms described or mentioned by Dr. Philippi. *Philippi, R. A., Los Delfinos de la Punta Austral de la America del Bur. etGaim.). ) Phoccena lunata (Ddphinus) Lesson. Phoccena cruciger (Delphinus) Quoy and Gaimard. Phoccena obtusata Philippi. Ddphinapterus leucorrhamphus (Del- phinus) Peron. Globiocephalus globkeps (Ddphin- ) us) Cuv. > Globiocephalus chilensis Philippi. ) Ddphinus chilensis Philippi. Eutropia dichii Gray. Tursio? panope Philippi. Tursio platyrrhinus Philippi. Probable identity. Lagenorhynchus? superciliosus (Les- son.) Prodelphinus cceruleo-albus (Meyen). Prodelphinus amphitriteus (Philip- Pi). CephalorhyncJius eutropia (Gray). Phoccena spinipinnis Burmeister. Lagenorhynchus posidonia (Philip- pi). Lagenorhynchus cruciger (d'Orbigny and Gervais). Not based on specimens. Not based on specimens. Cephalorhynchus? obtusata (Philip- pi). Lissoddphis peronii (Lac6pede). Globicephala chilensis Philippi. Based on a foetus. CephalorhyncJius eutropia (Gray). New genus? Cephalorhynchus eutropia (Gray). Vol. XVI, pp. 145-146 November 12, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW HARE FROM GREECE, BY GERRIT S. MILLER, Ju. [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] A hare from Mount Parnassus, Greece, recently procured by the United States National Museum, differs conspicuously from all of the forms related to Lejnis europceus that have been recognized during the past few years. As no name has as yet been applied to the Grecian hare the animal may be known as: Lepus parnassius, sp. now Type. — Adult male (skin and skull), Xo. 122,093, United States National Museum. Collected at Agorianni, north side of Lyakura (Parnassus) Mts., Greece, September 10, 1895. Received from "Wilhelm Schliiter, of Halle, on the Saale, Germany. Characters. — Intermediate in size between British specimens of Lepus occidentalix, and Swiss examples of L. europceus, but nearer the latter. General color less yellow than in the related forms: ears grayish instead of yellowish, and with much more extensive black area at tip; rump scarcely different from back. Skull with rostrum much less heavily built than that of Lepus europceus. Color. — Hairs of dorsal surface, with four color bands. Beginning at the base there are (1) whitish smoke-gray. 12 mm., (2) black, 7 mm., (3) pinkish-buff, 5 mm., (4); black, 5 mm. The general effect is a coarse grizzle of black and pinkish-buff, the latter very slightly in excess, much 37— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI. 1903. (145) 146 MxXter — A New Hare from Greece. less so than the light, clear buff of the corresponding region in Lepin- europceus. Sides and neck not noticeably different from back, but the grizzle less distinct, owing to the replacement of the sub-basel black by hair-brown. Rump essentially like back, but with a slight grayish cast due to the light gray bases of the hairs. The exact shade of this under color is about Ridgway's gray No. 10 at base of hairs, darkening to gray No. 7 near surface. Cheeks like sides, but more finely grizzled, and with a faint blackish wash below ear. An indistinct grayish-buff eye ring and loral stripe. Crown and face like back but more finely grizzled, and the bases of the hairs wood-brown. Ears light silvery-gray (the exact color not given by Ridgway) except for the following markings: a very finely grizzled stripe essentially concolor with top of head extend- ing up anterior outer surface almost to tip, and about 20 mm. wide at middle: a similar area 45 mm. long by 12 mm. wide near middle of posterior inner surface; a black apical patch 40 mm. long by 30 mm. wide on posterior outer surface, extending downward along posterior outer rim as a band 4 mm. in width to about middle of ear, and spread- ing over both surfaces at tip and along upper fourth of anterior margin, the black apical area on inner surface about 10 mm. wide; a clear ochraceous-buff area 10 mm. in width between apical black and general gray of inner surface; a whitish line 3 mm. in width along inner anterior margin from base to above middle. Feet, outer surface of legs, flank patches, and throat, dull ochraceous-buff. Underparts and inner sur- face of legs white, this color much suffused with ochraceous-buff on front legs. Tail missing. Skull and teeth. — The skull differs from that of Lepus europceus in smaller size and much less robust form. This is particularly noticeable in the rostral portion of the skull, both depth and width of which are reduced, but is also very evident in the form of the braincase. Supra- orbital processes smaller than in Lepus europceus. Teeth as in the re- lated species. Measurements — External measurements of type (from well made skin), head and body, 600; hind foot, 150 (140); ear from crown, 130. Cranial measurements of type: greatest length, 96 (99)*; occipito nasal length: 94; diastema, 32.6 (30); greatest (oblique) length of nasals, 44 (45); length of nasals along median suture, 37.6 (40); breadth of both nasals together at middle, 16.6 (20); greatest breadth of both nasals together posteriorly, 21 (23.6); least interorbital breadth behind supraorbital pro- cesses, 14.4 (12); zygomatic breadth, 44 (48); breadth of braincase below roots of zygomata, 31 (34); palatal depth 24.6 {28); mandible, 75 (76); maxillary molar series (alveoli), 15.4 (18.6); mandibular molar series (alveoli), 18.4 (20.4). Specimens examined. — One, the type. *Cranial measurements in parenthesis are those of an adult female Lepus europmus from Werdenberg, Switzerland (No. 105,831). Vol. XVI, pp. 147148 November 12, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW SQUIRREL FROM LOWER SIAM. BY GERRIT S. MILLER, Jr. [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] Five small lineated squirrels collected by Dr. W. L. Ab- bott in Trong, Lower Siam, differ markedly from the Burman Sciurus barbei. So far as can be judged from descriptions they are identical with the Malaccan Sciurus macclellandi leucotis of Bonhote*, though without actual comparison of specimens this question must remain open. They are, however, very doubtfully the same as the Tamias leucotis of Temminckf; and the name adopted by Mr. Bonhote is certainly invalidated by Gapper's earlier use of Sciurus leucotis for an American squirrel^. The animal occuring in Trong may be known as: Sciurus novemlineatus, sp. nov. Type. — Adult male (skin and skull), No. 84,403, United States National Museum. Collected at 1500 ft. elevation in heavy forest among the hills of Trong, Lower Siam, February 19, 1897, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Characters. — Externally similar to Sciurus barbei Blyth, but ear smaller and with the hairs of the white tuft scarcely, if at all, blackish at base. *Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 7th ser., V, p. 53, January, 1900. fEsquisses Zoologiques sur la Cote de Guine, p. 252, 1853. "Peninsula of Malacca." JZool. Journ., V, p. 206, 1830. Ontario. 38— Paoc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (147) 148 Miller — A New Squirrel from Lower Siam. Skull smaller than that of the Burman animal, the rostrum relatively shorter, and region between anterior zygomatic roots proportionally broader. Color.— Type: sides of body and outer surface of legs hair-brown faintly tinged with yellowish, particularly on flanks. Back with nine longitudinal stripes as follows: a median black stripe 3 mm. in width is succeeded by a slightly broader stripe of dull ochraceous-buff ; beyond this lies a black stripe 7 mm. wide followed by one of clear buff of similar width; this in turn is bordered on the outer side by a black line about as broad as the median stripe, extending from shoulder to rump. Except this short outermost band and the buff stripe, these longitudinal markings extend from middle of neck to rump. The buff stripe is con- tinued forward along side of neck and under ear to cheek, where it spreads so as to surround eye, muzzle and lips. Behind eye there is a faint dusky line, and still more faint dusky wash extends over lower part of cheek and along side of neck between buff stripe and the darker color of the underparts. Ears tawny-ochraceous internally, black extern- ally except for the conspicuous white tuft at tip; many of the hairs of this tuft white to extreme base. Whiskers black. Feet dull ochraceous. Underparts and inner surface of legs clear ochraceous-buff, slightly more yellow than that of Ridgway, the hairs slaty at base. Hairs of tail black at base and at extreme tip, the intermediate region occupied by a broad band of dull ochraceous, another of black, and a narrow subterminal area of yellowish-white. Pencil black slightly grizzled by numerous small yellowish annulations. Skull and teeth— The skull is smaller than that of Sciurus barbei, the diameter of the orbits and audital bulla; is less, and the rostrum is shorter. On the other hand, the interorbital width is fully as great as in the larger animal, and the lachrymal breadth is distinctly greater. The increased breadth of the region between the anterior zygomatic roots contrasted with the shorter rostrum gives the skull a very distinctive appearance as compared with that of Sciurus barbei. Teeth as in the Burman animal, but smaller throughout. Measurements.— Measurements of type: total length, 210; head and body, 115; tail vertebrae, 95; hind foot, 30 (28); ear from meatus, 12; ear from crown, 8; width of ear, 8; skull, greatest length, 31 (33)*; basal length, 25(27.8); length of nasals, 8 (9.4); interorbital breadth, 12 (12); lachrymal breadth, 16 (15.6); mandible, 17.4 (19). Specimens examined. — Five, all from Trong, Lower Siam. Remarks. — That this is not the same as the Tamias leucotis of Tem- minck is shown by the stress laid in the original description of the Malaccan animal on the presence of only one black longitudinal stripe. In one of Temminck's specimens the underparts were white slightly washed with reddish; in the other they appear to have been essentially as in the species found in Trong. *Cranial measurements in parenthesis are those of an adult male Sci- urus barbei from Yado, Burma (No. 36,044). Vol. XVI, pp. 149-150 November 12, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW TELMATODYTES. BY HARRY C. OBERHOLSER. Two long-billed marsh wrens recently collected by the writer at Sabine, Texas, were at first referred, with a query, to Telma- todytes palustris palustris. In light of material, particularly from Louisiana, which Mr. Ridgway has brought together for use in connection with his work on the genus, these two speci- mens prove to belong to the new race which is here described. Telmatodytes palustris thryophilus, subsp. nov. Subspecific characters. — Similar to Telmatodytes palustris marianw, but much paler, more grayish brown above, the pileum with much less black, often with almost none, the upper tail-coverts obsoletely or not at all barred; chest not spotted. Geographical distribution. — Coast region of Louisiana and eastern Texas. Description. — Type, male adult, No. 184,769, United States National Museum, Biological Survey Collection; Sabine, Texas, September 3, 1902; H. C. Oberholser. Pileum sepia brown, laterally and posteriorly with a slight admixture of blackish; remainder of upper surface mummy brown, the back with an irregularly triangular area of black streaked with white; tail brown, with black bars that on many of the feathers are confluent; wings fuscous, barred with black, brown, and buff; a white superciliary stripe that is extended posteriorly in a chain of white streaks encircling the hind 39— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (149) 150 Oberholser — Description of a New Telmatodytes. neck; postocular streak dark brown; sides of neck brown like the crown, but paler; cheeks and lores mixed white and brownish; lower surface white, the sides and flanks brownish ochraceous, also the breast tinged with this color; crissum brownish ochraceous, terminally whitish, and narrowly barred with dusky; lining of wing white. This new form is most closely allied to Telmatodytes palustris palustris, from which its range is, however, widely separated, but it may be distin- guished by its decidedly inferior size (being apparently a little smaller than even T. p. mariance), duller, less reddish brown upper parts, besides having the brownish of sides and flanks spread over the breast and other- wise more extended. The type of thryophilus is in perfectly fresh autumn plumage, the condition which seems most nearly to resemble palustris, for summer specimens are paler, more grayish, and present a stronger contrast to palustris of even corresponding season. The subjoined millimeter measurements of males of the three forms concerned in this comparison were taken by Mr. Ridgway, and he has courteously offered them for inclusion here. Number of specimens. Name. '3 ^ A CD C C/J CD W O CO 3 CO u H Middle, toe. 10 4 7 Telmatodytes palustris palustris Telmatodytes palustris thryopldlus Telmatodytes palustris marianw 49.9 47.4 48.7 41.2 40.4 39.2 15. 13.1 14.5 20.4 20.1 20.3 12.9 13.6 11.8 Vol. XVI, pp. 151160 November 30, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW BIRDS FROM SOUTHERN MEXICO. BY E. W. NELSON. The birds described below, with three exceptions, were ob- tained by Mr. Goldman and myself during our expedition in the interest of the Biological Survey, to southwestern Mexico, in the winter of 1902-1903. For favors extended during the prepara- tion of this paper, I wish to express my appreciation to Mr. Robert Ridgway and Dr. Chas. W. Richmond, Curator and Assistant Curator of Birds, in the National Museum. Geotrygon albifacies rubida, subsp. now Guerrero Quail Dove. Type.— No. 185,510 $ ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico. Collected May 19, 190o, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — Heavily forested slopes on coast side of the Sierra Madre of Guerrero (above 5,000 feet). Subspecific characters. — Generally paler than G. albifaciet, with under- parts more uniformly buff. Description. — Generally similar to O. albifacies, but chestnut of upper- parts paler, with a more yellowish cast; underparts nearly uniform buffy, a little darker on sides of body, with scarcely a trace of the ashiness on breast so commonly present in G. albifacies. 40— Proc. Biol. Soc. WA3H. Vol. XVI. 1903. (151) 152 Nelson — New JBirds from /Southern Mexico. Dimensions of type. — Wing, ICO; tail, 113: eulmen, 16; tarsus, 43. Remarks. — This form is based on eleven specimens all from the type locality. Dactylortyx thoracicus sharpei, subsp. nov. Yucatan Long-toed Grouse. Type.— Ho. 167,737, $ ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Apazote, Campeche, Mexico. Collected December 31, 1900, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — The Peninsula of Yucatan, including the States of Cam- peche and Yucatan (below 1,000 feet). Subupecific characters. — Smaller than D. thoracicus; white area on ab- domen larger; color of breast, flanks, top of shoulders, back and upper surface of wings paler; cheeks and superciliary stripe of type deeper and richer cinnamon rufous and top of head richer and brighter chestnut brown than in any male seen of other races of this species. Dimensions of type. — Wing. 122; tail ('!); eulmen, 16; tarsus, 35. Remarks.— In the Biologia, Vol. Ill, p. 309, Dr. Sharpe first called at- tention to the small size and paler colors of these grouse from Yucatan. Three specimens in our collection from Campeche agree with the Yuca- tan birds in these characters, and evidently represent a recognizable geo- graphic race peculiar to the arid peninsula of Yucatan, which 1 take pleasure in dedicating to Dr. Sharpe. In this connection I wish to record the confirmation of the validity of Dactylortyx devius, Nelson, by a series of 13 specimens taken by Mr. Goldman and myself at Omilteme, Guerrero, during May, 1903. It is al- together probable that specimens from intermediate territory will show that this is merely a well-marked geographic race of D. thoracicus. Sy rniuni occidentale lucJdum, subsp. nov. Mexican Spotted Owl. Type— 7Xo. 185,269, 9 ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Col). From Mt. Tancitaro, Michoacan, Mexico. Collected February 27, 1903, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — Known only from the forested mountains about the southern end of the Mexican tableland (above 6,500 feet). Subspecific characters. — Darker and with much less yellowish buffy suf- fusion throughout than in 5. occidtntale ; white markings larger and clearer white. Description of type. — Light markings as in 8. occidentale but larger, clearer white and much more distinct; main color on top and sides of head, neck, body and underparts dark sepia brown, contrasting strongly Kelson — Neic Birds from Southern Mexico. 153 with the duller mummy brown of typical 8. occidentale ; the suffusion of yellowish-buffy, so marked in the latter, mainly absent or much reduced in present form: face dingy gray with scarcely a trace of huffy: legs, feet and toes whiter and more thickly spotted with brown; size about as in 8. occidentale. Dimensions of type. — Wing, 330; tail, 214; culmen, 35; tarsus. (>3. Remarks. — This form is based on a single specimen, but the National Museum has received another from the State of Guanajuato, Mexico, which is not at present accessible. The shade of brown of 8. o. lueidum approaches more nearly to that of 8. o. caurinum than to that of typical occidentale, yet owing to the greater intensity of the buff}- suffusion and the small size of the white spots on both upper and under parts of 8. o. caurinum it is much more distinct from lueidum than is occidentale. The white spots throughout in s. <•. lueidum average about twice as large as those in S. o. caurinum; while (he gray face and general suppression of buffy in the Mexican bird show strongly on comparison with caurinum. Xiphocolaptes emsgraus omiJtemensis, subsp. now Omilteme Wood-hewer. Type.—So. 185,530, $ ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll, From Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico. Collected May 19, 1903, by K. \Y. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — Oak forests on south slope of the Sierra Madre of central Guerrero, near Omilteme (above 6,t)00feet). Subspec.ific character.''. — Most like X. emigrans sclateri from which i( differs in the duller, dingier shades of brown above and below, lacking most of the yellowish mixture so conspicuous in sclateri; white throat patch smaller, and white shaft lines on neck and breast narrower, fewer and more obsolescent posteriorly; white on throat and shaft streaks on upper and lower parts dingier white than in sclateri and less sharply contrasted with other colors. Size about as in sclateri, including length and proportions of bill. Remarks. — The authors of the "Biologia" (Vol. II, pp. 183-1S4), have treated Xiphocolaptes sclateri as a synonym of X emigrans. With eight specimens of the latter before me, two specimens (including type) of sclateri and four of omiltemensis, the specimens of salateri may at once be distinguished from the series of emigrans by their longer and more slender bills, they also have the whitish area on the chin and throat less streaked, while the whitish shaft streaks on crown and breast are rather broader and more strongly marked. 154 Nelson — New Birds from Southern Mexico, Cyanolyca mlrabilis, sp. nov. Omilteme Jay. Type.— No. 186,545, g ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey ColL From Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico. Collected May 22, 1903, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — Known only from type locality in the oak forests on the Sierra Madre of Central Guerrero (above 7,000 feet). Specific characters. — A narrow band of silvery white extends across forehead and back over eyes and behind ear coverts, to unite with large white area covering chin, throat, and under side of neck; rest of head, neck and upper breast black; rest of upper parts and under side of body blue. Description.— A band of silvery white, 2 to 3 mm. broad, extends across forehead between fore part of orbits and thence back over eyes, along sides of crown and down behind ear coverts, to unite with a large silvery - white area covering throat and under side of neck; rest of head, neck and fore breast uniform black; back, including upper surface of wings and tail and under side of body, dull indigo blue; under side of wings dark hair brown; under si'le of tail brownish black. Dimensions of type. — Wing, 110; tail, 118; culmen, 23; tarsus, 34. Remarks. — The discovery of this remarkable species, the handsomest and most strikingly marked one of the genus, was one of the unexpected results of our visit to the rich bird district about Omilteme. So many rare and interesting species were taken during our brief stay that it is evident this locality would repay more careful work. The Omilteme jay, of which our collection contains 8 specimens, is so different from any of its known congeners that no comparison between them is needed. Its size is very similar to that of G pumilo. Aphelocoma guerrerensis, sp. nov. Guerrero Jay. Type.— No. 185,539, $ ad., U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection, from Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico. Collected May 19, 1903, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution.— Humid oak forest on west slope of the Sierra Madre of central Guerrero, Mexico (above 7,000 feet). Specific characters.— Head and body uniform rich dark blue (between hyacinth and Berlin blue of Ridgway). Size larger than Aphelocoma unicolor. Description. — Entire head, body, with upper surface of wings and tail rich dark blue (of a shade between hyacinth and Berlin blue of Ridg- way); inner web and under surface of quills brownish black, a little darker than in A. unicolor: under side of tail coal black (much darker than in A. unicolor), with faint wash of blue in certain lights. Nelson — New Birds from Southern Mexico. 155 Measurements of Aphelocoma guerrerensis and A. unicolor. Name. Wing. Tail. Culrnen. Tarsus. Type of Aphelocoma guerrerensis. Aphelocoma unicolor, $ ad., No. 144,679, U. S. N. M., Jico, Vera Cruz, Mex., July 14, 1893. 172 170 174 161 33 29 42 42 Remarks. — The distribution of color in Aphelocoma guerrerensis and A. unicolor is I he same, but the differences in size, proportions, and intensity of color between our series of the two forms are very constant. This being the case and in view of the isolation of the habitat of A. guerreren- sis, it appears best to treat this form as a distinct species although evi- dently derived from A. vnicolor. A. guerrerensis is based upon a series of 11 specimens. Vireolanius melitophrys goldmani, subsp. nov Goldman's Shrike Vireo. Type.— No. 186,309, 9 ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Huitzilac, Morelos, Mexico. Collected June 10, 1903, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — Oak forest on south slope of the mountains bordering south side of Valley of Mexico, in States of Mexico and Morelos (7,000 to 9,000 feet). Suispecific characters. — Larger and generally paler than typical V. melitophrys with heavier black stripe on sides of throat: chestnut-rufous band across breast only, this color replaced along sides by wash of dull butfy. Description of type. — Forehead dingy gray shading back into darker more slate gray on nape, back and sides of neck; gray of neck shading into color of back on shoulders without any definite limit between two areas; back, top of wings and rump light olive green; tail, slate gray- washed above with color Of rump; superciliary stripe lemon yellow be- coming white posteriorly; broad stripe extending through eye and back over ear coverts, dark slate gray; broad white malar stripe extends back- across cheeks to unite with area of same color covering chin, throat and underside of neck; this area overlaid with a faint wash of buffy. Well defined black stripe (heavier than in true melitophrys), extends from angle of lower mandible back along sides of chin and throat, thus out- lining white malar stripe; band across forepart of breast light ferrugin- ous chestnut; sides of body dull grayish; middle of breast, abdomen and 156 Nelson — New Birds from Southern Mexico. under tail coverts dull white with a strong wash of buffy along each side, and a much lighter suffusion of same over middle of white underparts; tail below slate gray with narrow white tips to feathers. Measurements of Vireolanius melitophrys and V. m. goldmani. Vireolanius melitophrys goldmani. Wing. Tail. Culmen. Tarsus. Ad. 9 type. Ad. 9 from "near City of Mexico." Yg. $ from type locality. 85 84.5 86 73 73 72.5 18 19 16 25 26 26 Vireolanius melitophrys. Ad. $ from Jico, near Jalapa, Vera Cruz. 81 69 20 25 Remarks. — The family to which Vireolanius belongs is distinguished by the identity of the sexes in color, and for this reason I have felt suf- liciently confident that the Avell marked differences in color between the female specimens, from the mountains south of the Valley of Mexico, and our typical male from near Jalapa, Vera Cruz cannot well be con- sidered due to sex. This conclusion is supported by the well marked differences of size — the three specimens of goldmani (including an imma- ture male) are all larger than the typical male of melitophrys, and have shorter bills. In the "Biologia" (Vol. I, p. 209), the authors describe a female of V. melitophrys from the Volcan de Fuego, Guatemala, as different from the male from the same locality. The distinguishing characters of the female in this description so closely parallel the characters, in which the immature male of V. m. goldmani differs from the females, that it ap- pears a fair inference that the Volcan de Fuego female is an immature bird, and the differences due to immaturity and not to sex. Geothlypis chapalensis, sp now Chapala Yellow-throat. Type— Ho. 186,409, $ ad., U. S. Nat, Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Ocotlan, Jalisco, Mexico. Collected June 26, 1903, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — Fresh-water marshes along lower Lerma River and eastern border of Lake Chapala (from near La Barca to Ocotlan), Jalisco, Mexico. JVehon — J^cio Birds from Southern Mexico. 157 Specific characters. — Pattern of coloration as in G. melanops, but black mask extends higher upon forehead; light area bordering black mask yellow; upperparts darker olive-green; underparts richer yellow; culmen, tail, and tarsus longer. Description. — A broad black mask covering front and sides of head in- cluding orbits; black mask bordered posterior^ by a yellow band extend- ing about to middle of crown and down on sides of neck; rest of crown and nape bistre brown overlying and concealing yellow bases of feathers; rest of upperparts dark olive green; underparts bright gamboge yellow most intense on neck and breast; flanks washed with olive brown. rieasurements of three species of GeothJypis. Name. Type of G. chapalensis, ad. $ G. melanops, ad. $ . G. flaviceps, ad. $ . Wing. Tail. Culmen. 61 63 14 62 6L 13 57 56 15 Tarsus. 23 22 22 Remarks. — In fresh plumage the brown on crown and nape hides the basal yellow of the feathers, but as the plumage becomes worn the brown gradually disappears and the yellow band on crown broadens until in one of our series of eleven specimens the crown and nape are entirely yellow much as in G. flaviceps. The differences in size and proportions serve at once to distinguish the two species and the same holds good in regard to another closely related species, G. flavovelatus. The female of G. chapalensis has a dull brown forehead and dull olive green crown, contrasting strongly with the yellow forehead and lighter green crown of this sex in G. flaviceps. This species is based on eleven specimens. Thryophilus sinaloa russeus, subsp. nov. Russet Wren. Type.— No. 185,893, ad. $ , U. S. Nat, Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Acahuizotla, Guerrero, Mexico. Collected May 9, 1903, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — Known only from type locality, but probably occurs in brushy foothills of the Sierra Madre del Sur throughout most of its ex- tension in Guerrero. Subspecific characters. — Differs from T. sinaloa mainly in the much brighter, more russet brown of upperparts of head, body, and wings; upper tail coverts and tail brighter, more cinnamon rufous; dark bars on 158 Nelson — New Birds from Southern Mexico. wings and tail and under tail coverts blacker and more strongly con- trasted with the brown; size about as in typical sinaloa. Remarks. — This subspecies is based upon five specimens. Typical T. sinaloa is exactly intermediate in coloration between russeus and cin- ircus. Troglodytes brunneicoHis nitidus, subsp. now Zempoaltepec Wren. Type— No. 143,058, $ ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Mt. Zempoaltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Collected July 8, 1894, by E. W. Nelson and E A. Goldman. Distribution. — Humid forests on Mount Zempoaltepec, Oaxaca, and adjacent parts of the Cordillera in northeastern Oaxaca (above 6,500 feet). Subspeeific characters. — Both adults and young differ from typical T. hrunneicollis in the deeper, or darker, reddish bistre-brown of upperparts, and the darker and richer butfy-cinnamon on neck and breast; size about the same. Remarks. — This subspecies, based on two adults and one young of the year, from the very humid forest on Mount Zempoaltepec, shows the in- fluence of the environment in its darker colors compared with T. brun- neicollis, the type of which was taken in the more open and arid pine and fir forest of the mountains at La Parada near Oaxaca City, central Oaxaca. Henicorhina ieucophrys festiva, subsp. nov. Guerrero Wren. Type.— "So. 186,596, $ ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico. Collected May 23, 1903, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — Heavy oak forested mountain slopes of the Cordillera of western Michoacan and central-southern Guerrero (above 7,000 feet). Subspeeific characters. — Intermediate in coloration between H. Ieuco- phrys mexicana (Nelson) and II. Ieucophrys capitalis Nelson, but most like the former from which it differs mainly in having crown, top of neck and fore part of shoulders bistre brown; rest of back and rump slightly duller shade of rusty rufous; bill longer. Remarks. — The color of crown and top of neck in this form contrasts more strongly with the rusty rufous of the rump than in mexicana, and like the latter it shows no sign of the darker line on the sides of the crown of //. I. capitalis. Nelson — Near Birds from Southern Mexico. !">^ Hemiura ieucogastra musica, subsp. nov. Palenque Wren. Type.— No. 166,306, £ ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico. Collected March 20, 1900, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution. — Humid forests along base of Cordillera from Tabasco to northern Guatemala. Subspecific characters. — Darkest of the subspecies of //. leucogastra ; most like H. I. brachyura from which it differs in darker shade of red- dish brown on upperparts, flanks and under tail coverts, and the obso- lescence of bars on tail and under tail coverts, as in typical leueogastra. Sialia mexicana australis, subsp. nov. Southern Bluebird. Type.— Ho. 185,183, $ ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. From Mt. Tancitaro, Michoacan, Mexico. Collected February 26, 1903, by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Distribution.— Wooded mountains on southern border of the Mexican tableland; FromMt. Orizaba, Puebla, west through Puebla (Tochimilco). Mexico (Mt. Popocatapetl), Morelos (Huitzilac), Michoacan (Mt. Patam- ban and Mt. Tancitaro) to the Sierra Nevada de Colima in southern Jalisco. Breeds above 6,000 feet. Subspecific characters. — Most like S. m. occidentalis but larger (largest of the subspecies of S. mexicana). Males with rufous areas lighter, more cinnamon colored, and blue of upperparts richer or more intense than in occidentalis (nearly as in true mexicana); females with top of head, neck and rump deeper blue, rest of back and shoulders darker brown. Dimensions of type. — Wing, 112; tail, 68; culmen, 13; tarsus, 22. Vol. XVi, pp. 161-164 November 30, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW MOLE RATS. BY GERRIT S. MILLER, Jr, [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] Among the Old World rodents in the United States National Museum are two forms of Spalax, which I am unable to iden- tify with any of the species recently characterized by Nehring and Satunin. One is from northern Dobrudscha, the other from Beyrout, Syria, They may be described as follows: Spalax dolbrogeae, sp. now Type. — Adult male (skin and skull), No. 122,109, United States Na- tional Museum. Collected at Malcociu, Dobrudscha, Rumania, March 20, 1903. Received from Wilhelm Schliiter of Halle, a. S., Germany. Characters. — A medium sized species nearly as large as Spalax micro- ■phthalmus, which it resembles in the form of the molar teeth, but from which it differs conspicuously in the much larger parietal bones. Color. — Back, sides, and posterior half of head ochraceous-buff, slight 1\ paler than that of Ridgway, the fur everywhere slate-gray beneath sur- face. Underparts and legs slate-gray, the color of sides extending as a distinct wash across middle of body. Face, cheeks, and region aboui mouth silvery drab-gray, the two lines of bristle-like hairs extending back from muzzle whitish in rather marked contrast. Skull. — In general form the skull rather closely resembles that ol Spalax micropkthalm.u-g as figured by Nehring, but the lambdoid ridge is almost straight, and each parietal bone is nearly as broad as long, and in size fully equal to the two together in the skull of the larger animal. 41 -Paoc. Bioc. Soc. Wash. Von. XVI, 1W3. (I6i> 162 Miller— Descriptions of Two New Mole Rats. Anteriorly the two bones form a single point, and the latero-antenor border is continued backward almost to lambdoid crest, so that the out- line of the bone is very nearly a right triangle. Sagittal crest well de- veloped. Anterior margin of frontal straight. Teeth. — The teeth agree with those of Spalax microphthalmus, as describ- ed by Nehring* except that each of the first and second upper molars has an enamel island in the anterior loop, making the pattern an exact re- versal of that in the first and second lower molars of Spalax hungaricus.j In all of the teeth the pattern is essentially alike, and consists of a single narrow reentrant fold on each side. The inner reentrant is placed a little in advance of the outer, and is curved forward, while the outer curves back. In the maxillary teeth the folds are all open, but in the lower jaw those of the inner side are closed. The anterior faces of the incisors both above and below are finely roughened by minute longitudinal wrinkles, but there are no distinct grooves. Mens urem en is.— Head and body, 230; hind foot 29 (25); skull, greatest length, 52; basal length, 45; basilar length, 42: occipito-nasal length (from inion), 41; palatal length, 26; diastema, 19; length of nasals, 19; breadth of both nasals together anteriorly, 7; breath of both nasals to- gether posteriorly, 2.6; greatest breadth of rostrum, 11.4; zygomatic breadth, 38; mastoid breadth, 26; least interorbital breadth, 6; palatal breadth between middle molars, 2; depth at middle of palate, 18.4; least depth of rostrum behind incisors, 7; mandible from condyle, 31; mandi- ble, from root of incisor, 32; depth of mandible through coronoid pro- cess, 18.8; upper molars, alveoli, 7.6; upper molars, crowns, 6.6; width of second upper molar (crown), 2.8 ; lower molars, alveoli, 7 ; lower molars, crowns, 6.6 ; width of upper incisor at alveolus, 3 ; width of lower incisor at alveolus, 3.4. Specimens examined. — One, the type. Remarks. — This is probably the same animal as the Rumanian Spalax hungaricus recorded by Matschie, in 1901. J It is readily distinguishable from the Hungarian species, however, by its much larger size and by the presence of an inner reentrant enamel fold in the posterior molar both above and below. Spalax dolbragew is apparently more closely re- lated to S. microphthalmia. Spalax berytensis, sp. nov. Type.— Adult female (skin and skull), No. $finb. tional Museum. Collected at Beyrout, Syria, April, 1878, by W. T. Van Dyck, *Sitz.-Ber. Gesellsch. naturforsch. Freunde zu Berlin, 1S97, p. 165. f In the posterior loop of the left middle lower molar there is a very minute enamel island whose presence may be abnormal. { Sitz.-Ber. Gesellsch. naturforsch. Freunde zu Berlin, 1901, p. 237. Prundu, Rumania. Miller — Descriptions of Tico New Mole Hats. 163 Characters. — A medium sized species, not as large as Spalax doJhrogece. Face of incisors without distinct grooves. Enamel pattern essentially as in Spalax kirgisorum; posterior upper molar with no reentrant enamel fold on inner side, posterior lower molar with a deep fold on each side. 3kull broad and robust, without special elongation of rostrum. Color. — In color the type resembles that of Spalax dolbrogeas so closely as to require no special description. In two half grown young the mouse-gray of the muzzle is extended back over most of head, while in an old, much abraded male the light tips of the hairs are so much worn away that the whole animal is a dirty plumbeous brown. Skull. — The skull of an old male with much worn teeth rather closely resembles that of Spalax dolbrogeai, but is not as large. The more notice- able details of form in which it differs from the Dobrudschan animal are as follows: The rostrum is not distinctly swollen at roots of incisors; the anterior zygomatic roots Hare less abruptly: the posterior margin of ant- orbital foramen is extended further backward, so that the foramen appears larger when skull is viewed from above; the anterior outline of the frontals is conspicuously angular-emarginate ; the parietal is rhomboid, its length under lambdoid crest nearly double that of anterior margin; the basioccipital is narrower in proportion to its length; the tubular portion of the audital bulla is better developed. In the type the same characters are apparent, except that the interparietal is wider along anterior suture. Teeth. — Enamel pattern of molars similar to that of Spalax kirgisorum as figured and described by Nehring,* but with angles less sharp-pointed. First upper molar with well developed reentrant fold on inner side and two rather deeper folds on the outer side, the inner and the anterior outer almost meeting. Second upper molar with a deep fold on each side and a large enamel island opposite point of inner fold. Third upper molar entire on inner side, cut on outer side by two reentrant folds, of which the anterior is minute and inconspicious, the posterior deep and provided with a short posterior and long anterior curved off-shoot, the two off-shoots together forming a crescent parallel with inner edge of tooth. Each lower molar has a single deep reentrant fold on outer side. The first has two folds on inner side, the outer abruptly bent forward, the posterior slightly curved backward. The second has one reentrant angle on inner side. The third is provided with a deep anterior and a minute posterior fold. A large enamel island lies in posterior loop of second lower molar. Anterior faces of incisors finely roughened by minute, irregular, longitudinal folds. They show no trace of definite grooves, but the folds tend to form barely perceptible longitudinal ridges, three or four in number. Measurements. — External measurements of type (from skin): Head and body, 130; hind foot, 24 (21). External measurements of old male from type locality: Head and body, 190; hind foot, 28 (24). *Sitz.-Ber. Gesellsch. naturforsch. Freunde zu Berlin, 1897, p. 177, fig. 4 (p. 175). 164 Miller — Descriptions of Two New Mole Hats. Cranial measurements of type: Greatest length, — (49*): basal length. — (44.4): basilar length. — (40.4); occi pi to-nasal length (from inion). 30.4 (39); palatal length, 22 (29.4): diastema, 12 (17); length of nasals, 15 (20); breadth of both nasals together anteriorly, 5.2 (6.8); breadth of both nasals together posteriorly, 1.8 (2.8); greatest breadth of rostrum. 7.4 (10): zygomatic breadth, 27.2(35); mastoid breadth, 22 (26); least interorbital breadth, 7 (6.4): palatal breadth between middle molars, l.S (2.4): depth at middle of palate, 18.4(18.8); least depth of rostrum be- hind incisors, 5(7); mandible from condyle, 24.8(81); mandible from root of incisor. 24.6(30); depth of mandible through coronoid process. 12.8 (17.6); upper molars, alveoli, 7.8 (8); upper molars, crowns, 8 (7): width of second upper molar (crown), 2.2 (2.8); lower molars, alveoli. 7.6 (7); lower molars, crowns, 6.4 (7); width of upper incisor at alveolus, l.S (2.6); width of lower incisor at alveolus, 1.8 (2.6). Specimens examined. — Four, all from the vicinity of Beyrout. Remarks. — In dental characters this species appears to be much like Spalax kirgisorum, an animal from which it differs very conspicuously in the large size and robust form of the skull. From its near geographic allies, Spalax ehrenbergi and Spalax intermedins it is also readily distin- guishable; from the former by the absence of a reentrant fold on the inner side of the third upper molar and by the presence of only one fold on inner side of middle lower tooth; from the latter by the longer parie- tals (7 mm. instead of 5 mm. along sagittal crest), and by the absence of distinct grooves on the face of the incisor teeth. * Measurements in parenthesis are those of an adult male (much older than the type) from the same locality (No. ff£$f). Vol. XVI, pp. 165-166 November 30. 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A SECOND SPECIMEN OF EUDERMA MACULATUM. BY GERRIT S. MILLER, Jr. [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] One of the most remarkable of North American bats, the huge- eared, black-and-white Euderma maculatum (J. A. Allen), was wholly unknown before 1890, and, after its discovery, it eluded detection again for thirteen years. The original specimen, now in the American Museum of Natural History, was captured by Mr. Thomas Shooter, on a fence at the mouth of Castar Creek, near Piru, Ventura County, California, in March, 1890. It remained unique un- til a second individual was found dead in the Biological Laboratory of the New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, at Mesilla Park, New Mexico, in Septem- ber, 1903. This specimen, correctly identified, was pre- ^^iJ|i^ ^m!l0^^ sented to the United States National Museum, by Professor E. O. Wooton. It is an adult male preserved in alcohol, and bears the number 122,545. The history of this species is a 42— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (165) Pig. 1. Skull of Euderma maculatum (x 1!4). 1 6G Miller — Specimen of Euderma Macvlatum. striking illustration of the uncertainty that attends the study of hats. The animal occurs in a region that has recently been the field of the most systematic biological explorations ever carried on in any country, yet only two individuals have been taken, and both of these were procured by persons not specially interested in mammals. All that trained collectors have added in more than a decade to our knowledge of Euderma is the vague second- hand report that the Vegas Valley, Nevada, is visited during hot weather by a large bat with jackass ears and white shoulder stripes.* Through the kindness of Dr. J. A. Allen, I have been enabled to compare the Mesilla Park specimen with the type. In every way the individuals closely agree, even to minute details of size. The measurements of the two are as follows, those of the type in parenthesis: Total length, 107 (110); head and body, 60 (GO); tail. 47 (50); tibia, 19.6 (21); foot, 9.8 (9); forearm, 49.6 (50); thumb, 9 (6.8); second digit, 42 ( — ); third digit, 86 (91); fourth digit, 72 (76.2); fifth digit, 64 (67.3); ear from meatus, 41 (34); ear from crown, 43 (— ); width of ear, 25 (22); tragus, 14 (13); greatest width of tragus. 5 (5); skull, greatest length, 18.8 (19); basal length, 18; basilar length 16 (16.5); zygomatic breadth, 10.4 (10.9); greatest breadth of braincase above roots of zygomata, 9.4; greatest diameter of audital bulla, 5.8 (5.8); mandible, 12.6 (12.7); maxillary toothrow, exclusive of incisors (alveoli), 6; maxillary toothrow, including incisors (alveoli), 6.8 (6.8); mandibular toothrow, exclusive of incisors (alveoli), 6.4; mandibular toothrow, including incisors (alveoli), 7.2 (7.6). The species has been so thoroughly described that there appear to be no further important characters to note. The skull, how- ever, has never before been figured, and that of the type is lost. ♦North American Fauna, No. 13. p. 49. October 16, 1897. Vol. XVI, pp. 167-170 November 30, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DIAGNOSES OF NINE NEW FORMS OF AMERICAN BIRDS. BY ROBERT RIDGWAY. [By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] The following new forms are included in Part III of "Birds of North and Middle America" and are additional to those al- ready published in these "Proceedings," pages 105 to 111, Sep- tember 30, 1903. Thryophilus pleurostictus ravus, new subspecies. Similar to T. p. pUurostictus but smaller, color of back, etc., more ru- fescent, secondaries less distinctly barred, and median underparts more broadly white. Western Nicaragua; western Costa Rica? Type, No. 89,701, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male; San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua, January 17, 1883; C. C. Nutting. Thryophilus modestus pullus, new subspecies. Similar to T. to. modestus but darker and browner. State of Chiapas, southern Mexico; Guatemala. 43— Pnoc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (167) 168 Ridgvoay — New Forms of American Birds. Type, No. 142,928, Coll. U. S. Nat, Mus. (Biological Survey Collection), adult male; Huehuetan, Chiapas, February 29, 1896; Nelson and Gold- man. Salpinctes obsoletus notius, new subspecies. Similar to 8. o. obsoletus but smaller, with larger bill and feet. Southern Mexico. Type, No. 112,868, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus. (Biological Survey Collection), adult male; Tlalpam, Federal District, Mexico, December 8, 1892; E. W. Nelson. Menicorhina Ieucophrys castanea, new subspecies. Similar to H. I. collina (Bangs) but back darker chestnut, flanks brighter chestnut, and bill smaller (exposed culmen 13.5 instead of 14.5-16). Eastern Guatemala. Type, No. 39,563, Coll. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Lawrence Collection); Guatemala. Henicorhina Ieucophrys berlepschi, new subspecies. Similar to H. I. Ieucophrys but pileum sooty brown with black lateral margin, instead of black slightly washed with sooty medially; black postocular stripe narrower. Western Ecuador (Chimbo; Pedregal). Type in Coll. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Chimbo, western Ecuador, No- vember, 1882; F. de Siemiradzki. =Henicorhina hilaris Berlepsch and Taczanowski, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1884, 284, part (specimen from Pedregal). =Hc/iicorhina Ieucophrys (not Troglodytes Ieucophrys Tschudi) Ber- lepsch and Taczanowski, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1883, 539 (Chimbo, western Ecuador; crit.). Henicorhina hilaris bang-si, new subspecies. Similar to H. h. anachoreta (Bangs) but darker and duller brown above, the pileum and hindneck sooty brown instead of olive; tail darker brown, more narrowly and less regularly barred with dusky; bill larger (exposed Culmen 14-16, instead of 12.5-14). Mountains of Santa Marta, Colombia, 3000-8000 ft. altitude. Type, No. 163,791, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male; San Francisco, Province of Santa Marta, Colombia, June 1, 1898; W. W. Brown, Jr. (Received from Outram Bangs.) Ilidgway — New Forms of American Birds. 169 =zIIenicorhina leucophrys (not Troglodytes leucophrys Tschudi) Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XII, 1898, 160, 181 (Pueblo Viejo, San Francisco, Palomina, and San Miguel, Colombia); Proc. New Engl. Zool. Club, I, 1899, 83, 84 (crit.; descr.). Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., XIII, 1900, 180 (Valparaiso and El Libano, Colombia). Cistothorus polyglottus lucidus, new subspecies. Similar to C. p. elegans but coloration brighter, more rufescent; adults with white streaks on back broader, more purely white; young with general color more strongly rufescent (the rump and upper tail-coverts dull russet or cinnamon instead of wood brown, the sides, flanks, and under tail-coverts cinnamon or deep buffy cinnamon, instead of pale wood brown); tail larger. Isthmus of Panama (Boquete, Chiriqui). Type, No. 8621, Coll. E. A. and O. Bangs; adult male, Boquete, Chiri- qui, Panama, April 25, 1901; W. W. Brown, Jr. = Cistothorus polyglottus elegans (not C. elegans Sclater and Salvin) Bangs, Proc. New Engl. Zool. Club, III, 1902, 53 (Boquete). Salpinctes obsoletus exsul, new subspecies. Similar to S. o. pulverius Grinnell but coloration darker; differing from S. o. obsoletus in having lateral rectrices more extensively barred with cinnamon-buff, shorter wing, longer tail, and larger feet. San Benedicto Island, western Mexico. Type, No. 117,502, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male, San Benedicto Island, Revillagigedo group, western Mexico, March 10, 1889; C. H. Townsend. Salpinctes maculatus, new subspecies. Similar to 8. fasciatus Salvin and Godman but flanks barred with dark brown, instead of black, the bars narrower. Northern Guatemala. Type, No. 150,904, Coll. U. S. Nat. Mus., adult male; Toyabaj, De- partment of Quiche, northern Guatemala, May 7, 1892; Heyde and Lux, . XV.. pp. I7H76 December 3i, i903 PROCEEDINGS OF • BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DIAGNOSES OF NEW SPECIES OF MOLLUSKS FROM THE SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL, CALIFORNIA, BY WILLIAM HEALEY DALL. During the past summer Mr, Herbert N. Lowe and Mr. John IT. Paine, with the aid of a gasoline launch, did some dredging in the Santa Barbara Channel near Avalon, Catalina Island* The depth of water was from 40 to 60 fathoms. The result of this work, by two enthusiastic young collectors, has been very interesting, two genera not before known to in- habit the coast having been discovered, represented by two species, both new, one of which, Metzgeria californica, has al- ready been described elsewhere by the writer. The following species, from among those sent to the writer for identification, appear to be new, and diagnoses of them are now provided. The presence of so many novelties gives some idea of the richness of the molluscan fauna of this region, and indicates that many more forms probably remain to be discov- ered in the same vicinity. When not otherwise stated the locality is as above mentioned, and all except Mitra dolorosa, are represented in the collection of the gentlemen named. Mrs. Lydia Emerson Fancher and Mrs. Lillie J. Sawin as- sisted in the search for mollusks and at the request of Mr. Paine two of the species have been named in honor of these ladies. 44— Pho& Brew.. Soc. Wiusn. Vol. XVI, \Wi. (!7j) 172 Dull — Diagnoses of Isfexo ,\ of MoUusks* Actreon (Rictaxis) paines sp. nov. Shell with one smooth, polished nuclear and three or more subsequi r strongly sculptured whorls; apex sinistral, immersed; spire very short" and blunt: body stout, ovate, slightly peripherally flattened; sculpture- of strong, subequal, spiral riblets, covering the whole shell, separated by slightly narrower, coarsely punctate channels; outer lip sharp; pillar obliquely subtruncate in front, twisted, vertical, with a prominent plait- like edge, and a moderately prominent plait about midway of the ex- posed portion; body with a very thin wash of callus; color of the shell yellowish subtranslucent white. Length of shell, S.O; of aperture, 7.25; max. breadth of shell. 5.0 mm. This is immediately distinguishable from A. punctocoefata Cpr., b> its short spire, stouter form, and absence of the blackish color bands The specimen described seems not quite maturs. It is No. 10?, 301, U. S. National Museum. Clathurella fowei sp. nov Shell translucent white, with a brownish-pink flash on the spire and! base; nucleus smooth, polished, rounded, and rather inflated, of one1 whorl; subsequent whorls, five (or more), sculptured with (on the penul- timate whorl 13) short axial riblets, slightly oblique with narrower inter- spaces, the riblets confined to the peripheral part of the whorl and sepa- rated from the suture behind by the spirally striated anal fascioler spira? sculpture covering the whorl, of slender flatfish threads with wider in- terspaces, one thread at the shoulder more prominent than the rest, form- ing a wavy keel over the riblets; suture inconspicuous, closely appressed: aperture narrow, canal short, anal sulcus shallow, close to the suture; outer lip prominent, thickened, the edge sharp and incurved; canal short, slightly recurved, pillar lip smooth. Length of shell, 7.7; of last whorl. 5.0; max. diameter of shell, 3.3 mm. Another specimen is 9 mm. long. This species resembles Glyphostoma but has, in the specimens seen, no- sculptured callus on the pillar lip. It is not closely like any of the species hitherto known from the coast. It is possible that still older specimens mi<*ht show some granulation on the inner lip. The type is- No. 109,302, U. S. National Museum. Mangifia fanclierae sp. nov. 3hell slender, elongate, of a dark reddish-brown when fresh; nucleus somewhat swollen, smooth, of about two whorls; subsequent whorls about -ix or seven, similarly sculptured: axial sculpture of numerous low slender flexuous riblets with wider interspaces, extending from the suture to the periphery and obsolete on the base of the shell; these are crossed j)(lU — Diagnoses of Neic Species of Mollusks. 173 (between the sutures) by from four tosix spiral subequal threads, of which those on the periphery are somewhat more prominent, and all are slightly nodulous where they over-ride the ribleis; on the base there are about 15 of these threads with somewhat wider interspaces; aperture rather narrow, outer lip sharp, rlexuou.;, the anal sulcus wide and shallow, half way between the suture and the periphery; pillar lip smooth, canal rather Ion?, straight, and open. Length of shell, 10.5; of last whorl, 6.0; max. :liameter of shell, 3.0 mm. The sculpture of this shell recalls "BriMa" cancellata Carpenter of the northern fauna, but this species is smaller, more slender and more deli- cately ornamented and there seems to be no operculum. The type is No. 109,303, U. S. National Museum. Mitra Jowei sp. nov. Shell of a warm yellow-brown with a whitish apex; nucleus subtrochi- form, smooth, solid, of about three conical whorls; subsequent whorls (in the type specimen) about four, rapidly increasing in diameter; those which immediately succeed the nucleus marginated in front of the suture by two or three fine spiral grooves, the interspaces of which stand up like threads, but these gradually become less pronounced and hardly noticeable on the fourth whorl where the sculpture becomes on the peri- phery fine, very inconspicuous, and widely separated grooves, only noticeable under a lens, but minutely punctate; they become somewha'; stronger on the base and canal; aperture rather wide and semi-lunate; pillar with three nearly horizontal plaits; the canal very short and wide. Length of shell, 5.5; of last whorl, 4.5; diameter 2.5 mm. This species is of the type of M.fulgurita Reeve, but of markedly dif- ferent proportions, the nucleus is very distinct from that of the type of M. barbadensi*. etc. The only specimen seen is clearly immature, but it is not the young of any of the species known to inhabit the coast and is sufficiently characteristic to be easily recognized. The type is No. 109,- 305, U. S. National Museum. Mitra dolorosa sp. nov. Shell smooth, slender, solid, acute; whorls six without the nucleus (which has been lost); the apical whorls show a few (5-7) punctate spiral grooves, which diminish with growth to two or one, and become obsolete on the last whorl; the surface is covered wit ban olivaceous periostracum; there is in front of the suture a broad ill-defined white band, which does not reach to the periphery; the anterior part of the whorl is dark oliva- ceous brown; aperture long and wide, canal hardly differentiated, outer lip thin, not lirate; inner lip smooth, with a mere glaze on the body, the pillar solid, with three rather oblique plaits, diminishing forward, the 174 Dall — Diagnoses of New Species of Mollusks. most anterior quite feeble. Length, 20; last whorl, 14; max. diameter, 7 mm. Dredged on the west side of the Gulf of California in latitude 31° 05', in 12 fathoms, muddy bottom. This species has the gloomy color of Strigatella tristisbnt not the shell characters. The type is No. 109,009, U. S. National Museum. Murex (Qcinebra?) painei sp. nov. Shell small, rotund, whitish with five or six whorls; nucleus small, smooth, polished; subsequent whorls strongly sculptured; axial sculpture of numerous (on the penultimate whorl 15) sharp longitudinally wrinkled varices extending from the suture to the canal with wider interspaces and somewhat angular or spinose at the shoulder of the whorl; these, varices are usually confluent at the suture with those of the preceeding and fol- lowing whorl; spiral sculpture of strong elevated rounded threads, with a smaller thread in the interspace, somewhat crenulating but net over- riding the varices: aperture ovate, the peristome thin, simple, continu- ous, projecting; there are no liralions in the aperture, the siphonal fascio'e is well marked, the canal short and closed over in front of the aperture, with no discarded canal-spines. Length, 15; length of last whorl, 11; max. diameter 8 mm. This pretty little species resembles one of the Austral Trophons in miniature. It cannot be confounded with any other speciesof the coast. The type is No. 109,300, U. S. National Museum. Lunatia draconis sp. nov. .Sholl depressed, solid, cream color, sometimes with a ferruginous or livid tinge, with six whorls: nuclear whorls very small, smooth; later ones with an obscure, nearly obsolete spiral sculpture like fiattened-out threads, over which run microscopic, close-set, spiral strite; suture with the whorl in front of it feebly channelled and the excavation bounded by an obsolete thread; top of the whorls flattened, part of the base bordering the umbilicus also flattish, the remainder of the whorl rounded, turgid; umbilicus wide and deep, its walls excavated and closely spirally striated aperture oblique, semi-lunate, outer lip thin, base rounded; the angle where the lip meets the body filled with a smooth white callus, the an. terior angle of the pillar lip also thickened. Height of shell, 51.0; of last whorls 49.0; of aperture, 44.0; max. width of shell, 50.0 mm. This species has no close resemblance to any of the other species of the region. The pillar lip is somewhat thickened with a small purplish- brown callus in the perfect shell. The sculpture and the depressed form seem characteristic. From L. leioin Gould, it is easily separated by its Dall — Diagnoses of New Species of Mollusks. 175 smaller size, depressed form and wide umbilicus pervious almost to the apex of the shell. Specimens have been obtained from Drake's Bay in 20 fathoms, Mon- terey in 15 fathoms, off the Farallones Islands in 37 fathoms, andoff Ava- lon, Catalina Island, in about 50 fathoms As Drake was long known to the Spaniards as "El Draco," I have named the species draconin in his honor. The type is No. 172,851), U. S. National Museum. Macromphalina californica sp. nov. Shell small, elevated, with a wide umbilicusand whitish color; whorls two and a half, the last much the largest, rounded above with a promi- nent suture, below with a wide funicular umbilicus bordered externally by an obtuse carina; surface sculptured axially with numerous coarse oblique threads separated by narrower interspaces and crossed by fine partially obsolete spiral striation; aperture semi-lunate, entire, very oblique; the pillar lip straight, but the whole peristome simple and thin* Height, 5.5; of aperture, 3.5; max. diameter, 5.5 mm. The single specimen is not in the best condition, but sufficiently good to show the specific characteristics. The Atlantic species M. depressa Seguenza, is much more delicately sculptured and the shell is of a smaller size. M. californica is more like M. duplinenxis Dall, from the miocene of North Carolina, but the latter is less elevated. The type is No. 109,307, U. S. National Museuni. Scala sawinse sp. nov. Shell small, elongate, sub-acute, with ten or more whorls; nucleus of three smooth polished whorls; subsequent whorls smooth, with about 19 low, sharp, slightly reflected varices which entirely cross the whorl; at the shoulder these are slightly spinose; aperture rounded ovate, entire, with a small spine at the shoulder angle and a less conspicuous one at the inner base of the aperture; there is no trace of a basal cord or disk, and no spiral sculpture. Length, 10.5; diameter of aperture, 2.5; max. diameter of last whorl 4.0 mm. A broken specimen with three more whorls seems to have measured 24 mm. in total length when perfect, and 8 mm. in diameter. This species has been found off the Coronado Islands in 34 fathoms and near Avalon in about 50 fathoms. The type is from 16 fathoms off the isthmus harbor on the south side of Catalina Island, where it was dredged by W. H. Dall, in 1873. It is No. 109,309, U. S. National Museum. ] 76 Dall — Diagnoses of New Sj)ecies of Mollusks. Ischnoc'iiton biarcuatus sp. nov. Animal about 18 mm. long and 7 mm. wide (in the dry state); girdle narrow, with very small, close-set, more or less imbricating, brownish scales: valves rounded evenly above, only the lateral areas distinct; an- terior valve with 7 or 8, median with 1, posterior valve with 11 slits; in- terior of valves rose-pink; exterior ashy, marbled with lilac and brown, an obscure lilac median line on the medial valves; sculpture of undivided central areas formed by two sets of arcuate radiations crossing each other obliquely and with the inter-reticulations impressed or punctate, so that an irregularly zigzag effect is produced by the arrangement of the punctations; lateral areas irregularly concentrically vermiculate, the spaces between the elevated ridges deeply minutely punctate, with some- what of a zigzag effect here also; the sculpture of the anterior valve re- sembles that of the lateral areas; of the posterior valve the mucro is low, sub-central and inconspicuous, the central area sculptured like that of the medial valves, the posterior area like the anterior valve; the sutural plates are quite short and the sinus smooth and wide. There is no notice- able mucro to the medial valves. The peculiar sculpture of this species separates it from those already described from this region. In a general way it recalls the very young of /. magdalenensis Hinds. The type is No. 109,308, U. S. National Museum. Vol. XVI, pp. 177-182 December 31, 1903 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW TREE HOPPERS FROM THE UNITED STATES. BY ELMER D. BALL. In studying the life histories and food plants of the Mem- bracidce it was discovered that in a number of cases two or more different species of Telamona were being confused under one name in collections. In order to remedy this and to bring the genus up to date the following species are described and food plants noted. Telamona pruinosa, sp. nov. Plate I, figs. 7, 7a, and 7b. Size and form of monticola, nearly, but with a more upright hump and prominent humeral angles. Testaceous powdered with white. Length 10 mm; width 6 mm. Pronotum rising perpendicularly above the lateral angles in front, upper margin at first convex, then slightly sloping and angled with the posterior margin which inclines a little, forming a large and almost rect- angular hump on the anterior half. Humeral angles prominent, acute, half longer than the eyes. Color. — Pale testaceous washed with pale cream or greenish-white especially on anterior half of pronotum and face. This gives the whole insect a powdered appearance. Described from five females from Illinois and Iowa. The Iowa speci- mens collected by the author from a young sycamore tree. The 45-Pboc Bioi- Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1603. (ITT) 178 Ball — Descriptions oj ffeic Tree Hoppers. powdered greenish color harmonizes well with the young branches o»o which they were resting. Telamona viridla, sp. nov. Plate I, figs. 3, 3a, and 3b. Resembling pyramidata in size and form but with less of a hump. Grass green, the male with some fuscous on posterior half of hump and again at apex of pronotum. Length 9 11 mm., $ 9 mm ; width 9 5.3 mm. Pronotal hump in the shape of an obtuse pyramid one-third the dis- tance back from eye to apex of pronotum, a slight angle on posterior- margin just below apex especially marked in the male. Height of hump- slightly less than one-third the pronotal length. Humeral angles broad,. slightly rounded, a trifle longer than eye. Color. — Female, grass green slightly mottled with yellow, carina light except at apex of hump and at tip where it is tawny. Male grass green, carina light interrupted with tawny; a fnscous band runsobliquely back- ward from apex of hump and fades out before reaching the pronotum proper or sometimes connects with a tawny spot on lower margin, whole apex of pronotum tawny. Described from eleven specimens from Colorado and Iowa, collected by the author, and one from Illinois. This species occurs on the cotton- wood (Popvlus monilifera), where its green color and rounded form imi- tates the larger terminal buds that form in the fall. The larvae are of a mottled gray and hide in the rough bark. Telamona obsoleta, sp. nov. Plate, I figs. 2, and 2a. Resembling irrorata but smaller and with a smaller and more round- ing hump. Length 9 10 mm., $ S> mm. ; width 5 mm. Dorsal hump low and much inflated; it scarcely narrows from the base to just before the apex where it rounds in to form a carina. An- terior margin rising just back of the humeral angles and extending from there half way to the apex of the pronotum. The height is about equal to the whole length and it rounds down to the pronotum proper at both extremities. Front much elevated above the level of the eyes so that the ocelli are farther from the base of front than from each other. Color. — Yellow with the punctures fuscous, sometimes coalescing into brownish fuscous spots giving the whole insect an irrorate and mottled appearance with little regularity of pattern, Usually there is a semicir- cle of lighter shade back of the humeral angles and a light spot on middle of hump. There is a pair of large straggling black marks above and within the eyes, some brown on the inner nervures of corium, and ft umoky brown cloud at apex. Described from six specimens collected by the author at Ames, Iowa, and one from Onaga, Kansas (F. F. Crevecoeur). This species occurs on the elm, both larvae and adults being found in the crevices of the bark Ball — Descriptions of New Tree Hoppers. 179 ■of the trunk or large branches, where their mottled gray color renders them very difficult to detect. Tdamona efxtrema, sp. nov. Plate I, figs. 1, la, and lb. Form of unieolor nearly, smaller and with a still longer hump. Greenish testaceous. Length 9 10 mm., $ 9 mm. ; width 5 mm. Pronotal hump very high, almost quadrate, occupying the anterior three-fifths of pronotum, anterior margin rising perpendicularly from face, crest highest just back of the well-rounded anterior angle from which it slopes sliirhtly to thf> almost perpendicular posterior face. Humeral angles moderate, as long as the eyes. Color. — Greenish testacious; a spot above each eye and the median carina back to the posterior angle of hump fuscous; posterior face of hump broadly marked with creamy white which narrows to a line on the carina posteriorly in the female, and disappears entirely in the male. The lower margin of the humeral angles is sometimes marked with fus- cous. Described from two females collected by the author at Ames, Iowa, and a pair collected in Marion County, Kansas, by F. M. McElfresh. The two Ames specimens were beaten from a patch of second growth oak. Telamona lugubris, sp. nov. Form of reclivata nearly, slightly shorter and stouter built and with a lower and longer hump and lacking the markings of that species. Ob- scurely greenish brown. Length 9 H mm, $ 9.5 mm; width 5.5 mm. Dorsal hump of moderate size, arising just back of lateral angles; an- terior margin sloping back, forming a right angle with the inclined cresr., posterior margin perpendicular or slightly overhanging. Base of hump occupying a little over two-fifths of distance from humeral angles to apex of pronotum. Humeral angles blunt and obtuse, about two- thirds as long as the eye. Cohr. — Pale yellow, the more or less darkened punctures giving the insect a general grayish cast with still darker shadings on the lateral faces of the hump and sometimes on the apex of pronotum. Described from six specimens from Ames, Iowa, collected by t*he author, and one from Onaga, Kansas, collected by F. F. Crevecoeur. The larva of this species was found quite commonly on the trunks of the scrub oak, feeding on the little sprouts and hiding in the crevices of the bark. The adults were found on the small limbs. Telamona decorate, sp. nov. Plate I, figs. 6, and. Oft. Smaller than lugubris, with a shorter and more rounding hump. Yel- lowish fuscous with the hump deep testaceous brown. Length. 9. nun.; width 4.5 mm. 180 Sail — Descriptions of JVeio Tree Hoppers. Dorsal hump sloping up from both front and rear, crest round inr, highest just in front of the middle, hump occupying scarcely two-fifths of the pronotum from the humeral angles back. Humeral angles short and blunt, about two-thirds the length of the eye. , Color. — Face and pronotum pale yellow very slightly washed with brown in the female, and with a definite brown shade in the male, median carina alternately light and dark before the hump. Hump rich testa- ceous with a few light spots on the sides, a definite light mark at the base in front, which may extend up onto the carina, and the whole pos- terior margin light. This latter light spot extends down on to the pro- notum and connects with an irregular transverse light band about half way to ap< x. Each side of this band is an irregular testaceous band, the anterior one' connected with the testaceous hump. A pair of spots above the eyes and the apex of elytra brownish fuscous. Described from six specimens from Ames, Iowa, collected by the author, one from Onaga, Kansas (Crevecoeur), and a pair from Arkansas (McEl fresh). The Iowa specimens were all taken from the smaller branches of the red oak. Telamona compacta, sp. nov. Plate I, figs. 5, and 5a. A small, compact, testaceous and white species with a low almost quad- rangular hump. Length 8-9 mm.; width 4.3 mm. Dorsal hump sloping up from above the humeral angles, highest just back of the rounding anterior angles, crest straight or nearly so, sloping posteriorly, the posterior margin very slightly sloping and subangulate with the crest. Hump extending slightly more than half the distance from the humeral angles to the very short and blunt apex. Humeral angles short and blunt, about two-thirds the length of the eye. Color. — Rich testaceous marked with creamy white, as follows: a num- ber of small spots just above the face, an angular or stellate spotinfioat of the hump, the posterior margin of hump and a transverse band half way between there and apex of pronotum. Usually a spot or two on lateral face of hump and one on margin below hump. Elytra smoky testaceous with a hyaline band across the base of the apical cells. Described from a pair from Ames, Iowa, collected by the author, and two females from Arkansas collected by F. M. McElfresh. The pair from Iowa were taken from a patch of mixed oaks. Telamona ehrhorni, sp. nov. Plate I, figs. 4, and 4a. Form of sinuata nearly but smaller. Dark fuscous brown prettily or- namented with light. Length $ 8 mm.; width 4.5 mm. Dorsal hump long, rather high, rising on a line with the humeral angles, anterior margin straight, inclined backwards, crest roundingly angled in front, sloping posteriorly, slightly emarginate on the posterior half. Pos- terior margin short, inclined, rounding to the pronotum. Hump occupy- ing nearly three-fifths of the distance from the humeral angle to apex of pronotum. - Ball — Descriptions oj A'ew Tree Hoppers. 181 Color. — Deep brownish fuscous, face and lower margin of pronotum •mottled with creamy yellow, a reniform yellow mark with a dark center in front of the hump, a lartre yellow crescent on each side extending from the middle of the humeral angle nearly half way to the apex and enclos- ing a few irregular dark spots, an inverted crescentic line extends from a point below the middle of crest. The posterior face of hump is light and this lisrht area connects posteriorly with a transverse light band. Described from one male taken at Flagstaff, Arizona, by E. M. Ehr- horn, who is doin? good work in the scale insects, and who has sent me many fine Ilomoptera from lower California, Telasriona pulchella, sp. nov. Plate I, figs. 9 and 9a. Resembling coryli but much smaller and with a lower, longer hump. Length 5.5-6 mm. ; width nearly 4 mm. Dorsal hump arising in front of the lateral angles but still back of the face and pronotal line, anterior face perpendicular, crest slightly sloping posteriorly, both angles slightly rounding, posterior margin sloping and rounding into a very marked carina on the apical portion of pronotum. Besides this there are three well marked lateral carinae on the posterior half of the pronotum. Humeral angles long and acute, nearly twice as long as the eye. Color. — Pale creamy yellow, the lateral angles pale testaceous, the lower margin lined with white which is again margined internally with black. Hump testaceous, omitting the lower half of each margin and an irregular light stripe on the median third. This stripe usually nar- rows on the middle and then expands into a crescent below. The testa- ceous on the posterior part of hump extends down to the margin of pronotum and there are a few irregular markings towards the apex. Described from three specimens collected by the author in southern Colorado. Taken on the scrub oaks of the foot hills. Telamona brevis, sp. nov. Plate I, figs. 8 and 8a. Form of obsoleta nearly, much smaller and shorter. Smaller and darker than pulchella, dark fuscous brown mottled with pale. Length 5 mm.; width nearly 3 mm. Dorsal crest low, rounding from the anterior margin of pronotum to a point more than half way back from the humeral angles, from here it slopes quickly into the curve of the pronotum. Humeral angles large, stout, half longer than eye. Color. — Fuscous blown, variable, hump darker, omitting the posterior margin and a crescent on each side. An oblique band runs down from the posterior half of hump to the lower margin of pronotum. Described from three females collected by the author in southern Colorado. Taken from oak along with the preceding species. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1. 16. Dorsal Fig. 2. Fig. 3. 36. Dorsal Fig. 4. Fig. 5. Fig. 6. Fig. 7. 76. Dorsal Fig. 8. Fig. 9. Telamona view. Telamona Telamona view. Telamona Telamona Telamona Telamona view. Telamona Telamona extrema sp. nov., lateral view. la. Anterior view; obsoleta sp. nov., lateral view. 2a. Anterior view. viridia sp. nov., lateral view. 3a. Anterior view; ehrhorni sp. nov., lateral view. 4a. Anterior view. compacta sp. nov., lateral view. 5a. Anterior view. decorata sp. nov., lateral view. 6a. Anterior view. pruinosa sp. nov., lateral view. 7a. Anterior view; brevis sp. nov., lateral view. 8a. Anterior view. pulckella sp. nov., lateral view. 9a. Anterior view. y^ttUUBJL U- INDEX New names are printed in heavy type. Page Acanthodelphis philippii . 136 Actseon painei 172 Alces americanus 65 Aldrichia 101 Aldrichiella 101 Allen, J. A. Note on Phoca nigra ... 49 Note on Sciurus mollipilosus . . 126 Alopochelidon 106 Ames, Oakes. A new species of Habe- naria from Cuba 117-118 Amesoda 7 Anas stelleri 128 Anguilla bostonensis 52 chrisypa . . . 52 Anolis townsendi . 3 Anomala 5, 6 Aphelocoma ccelestis 108 guerrerensis 154 Arctica 8 Arctomys monax . 67 Ashmead, W. H. Remarks on Japan- ese Hymenoptera xi Astragalinus arizonse 113 columbianus 113 croeeus 113 hesperophilus 116 jouyi 113 mexicanus 113 psaltria 113, 115 B Beeolophus murinus 109 restrictus 109 Bailev, Vernon. The Goodnight herd of buffaloes and cataloes in Texas . viii Desert life in western Texas . viii Baker, F. Announcement of the ac- quisition of interesting animals by tne National Zoological Park . . . ix Ball, C. R. Exhibition of grasses be- longing to the genus Elymus . . . viii Ball, E. D. Descriptions of new species of tree hoppers from the U. S. . 177-182 Bangs, Outram. Description of a new Neotoma from Mexico S9-90 The proper name of the red- wood chickaree 99 Barbour, Th. A new species of flying lizard from Sarawak, Borneo . . 59-60 Two new species of Chamae- leon 61-62 Bartsch, Paul. Notes on the herons of the District of Columbia viii A new landshell from Cali- fornia 103-104 Batissa tenebrosa 6 Blarina brevicauda 70 Bond, Frank. Irrigation methods and machinery viii Brucophagus funebris x Budytes alascensis 105 Callorhinus curilensis 49 Callotaria curilensis 49 nigra 49 Calyculina 7 Carey, M. A new Reithrodontomys from western Nebraska 53-54 Carleton, M. A. Geographic distribu- tion of the oat plant x Castor canadensis 67 Cephalorhynchus 135 eutropia 143 obtusata 143 Chameea rufula 109 Chameeleo angusticoronatus 61 macrorhinus 62 Chesnut, V. K. Notes on Sedum doug- lassi ix and Marshal, H. Some observ- ations on " locoed " sheep xi Chilonatalus tumidifrons 119 Cistothorus lucid us 169 Citellus ablusus 25 adocetus 79 nebulicola ... 26 Utah 77 Clark, A. H. On the name of the com- mon American eel 52 Clark, H. L. The short-mouthed snake (Eutainia brachystoma Cope) in southern Michigan 83-88 Clathurella lowei 172 Cockerell, T. D. A. Note on three fish new to New Mexico vii, 49 Exhibition of cockleburs . . .viii A new cocklebur from New Mexico 9-10 A new subgenus for Nyctaginia cockerellx 52 and Nelson, Aven. Three new plants from New Mexico .... 45-46 Condylura cristata 70 Cook, O. F. An ordinal character in the Diplopoda vii Evolution, Cytology, and Men- del's laws vii Biological notes from Liberia . viii Central American mutations of coffee x The vegetative vigor of hybrids and mutations x 46— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. Vol. XVI, 1903. (183) 184 The Biological Society of Washington. Corbicula durkeei 6 fracta 6 limosa 6 Corbiculina 6 Cordula 7 Cornea 7 Corneocyclas 7 Corneola 7 Corvus americanus 125 brachyrynchos 125 pascuus 125 Coville, F. V. Wocas (Nymphsea poly- sepala), an aboriginal cereal . . . . ix Exhibition of a monstrous spec- imen of Grape Hyacinth ix Location of the Desert Botan- ical Laboratory of the Carnegie In- stitution ix Crataegus caliciglabra 96 coccinea 96 decipiens 95 eglandulosa . . 97 macracantha 94 punctata 95 pyrifolia 95 schuetti 97 sylvestris 96 subvillosa 94 tomentosa 94 Cryptanthe dicarpa 30 Currie, R. P. A recent entomological expedition to British Columbia . . x Cyanocharis 55 volga 56 Cyanocyclas 6 Cyanolyca mirabilis ... .... 154 Cycladina 7 Cyclatitus 7 Cyclas 7 Cyclas caroliniana 7 Cyclocalyx 7 Cyclura beeolopha 129 carinata 129 cyclura 129 rileyi 130 Cymatocyclas 7 Cyprinella 6 Cypriniadea 8 Cyrena 6 acutangularis 5 bengalensis 6 coaxaus 6 crenulata 5 intermedia 5 maritima 6 media 5 suessii 5 tellinella 6 zeylanica 6 Cyrenastrum 7 Cyrenidse 5 Cyrenocapsa 6 Cyrenodonax 6 formosana 6 D Dactylortyx sharpei 152 Dall, W. H. On the existence of a dorsal keel toward the tail in por- poises x Review of the classification of the Cyrenacea 5-8 Diagnoses of new species of shells from the Santa Barbara Channel, California 171-176 Delphinapterus leucorrhamphus . . . 139 Delphinus amphitriteus 134 ceeruleo-albus 134 chilensis 141 cruciger 138 superciliosus 134 Diodus 6 Diplochelidon 106 Ditypodon 5 Donacopsis 5 Draco gracilis 59 Drosera brevifolia 102 Dutcher, B. H. Mammals of Mt. Ka- tahdin, Maine ix, 63-72 Duvel, J. W. T. Vitality of seeds . . . ix Egeria 6 Egeta ... 6 Egetaria pullastra 6 Endopachys 101 Eniconetta 128 Erethizon dorsatus 69 Etheostoma lepidum 49 Euderma maculatum 165 Euglesa 7 Euglecia 7 Eupera 7 Euphagus carolinus 128 cyanocephalus 128 Eutamias canicaudus 77 Eutainia brachystoma 83 sirtalis 85 Eutropia dickii 141 Evans, W. H. The International Cat- alogue of Scientific Literature . . viii Exhibition of a circular of in- structions for destruction of mos- quitoes x Evermann, B. W. The Florida shad . viii Evotomys gapperi 68 F Felis brown i 73 Fiber zibethicus 68 Fischeria delesserti 6 Fluminaria 7 Fossarina 7 Fuertes, L. A. Exhibition of color drawing of birds xi Q Galatea 6 Galateola 6 Galileja 7 Geloina 6 Geothlypis chapalensis 156 Geotrygon mystacea 13 rubida 151 Gilbert, G. K. Exhibition of photo- graphs of Pinus bal/ouriana .... x Gill, T. N. A new name (Hnplias) for the genus Macrodon of Miiller ... 50 Globiocephala chilensis .' 143 Globiocephalus chilensis 140 globiceps 140 Gulo luscus 69 H Habenaria odontopetala 117 sanbornii 117 Hallock, Chas. Sea trout where no rivers are x Index. 185 Hallock, Chas. The bison as a factor in the distribution of aboriginal popu- lation in mid-continental America . xi Hatcher, J. B. Anew Sauropod Dino- saur from the Jurassic of Colorado 1-2 A new name for the Dinosaur Haplocanthus Hatcher 100 Haplocanthus 1, 100 priscus 1, 100 Haplocanthosaurus . 100 Hay, W. P. Terrapin culture in U. S. . x Heleodytes nelson i Ill Hemiura musica 159 Henicorhina bangsi 168 berlepschi 168 castanea 168 festiva 158 Heterodon browni 123 Hillman, T. H. The effects of the seed- midge and Brucophagun funebris on clover x Hopkins, A. D. Work of forest insects . vii Hoplias 50 Howard, L. O. Measurement of silk from cocoons of the silk worm . . ix Yellow fever investigations in Cuba vii On the destruction of the Tus- sock Moth by Anihrenus varians . . x Howe, R. H. Jr. * A note on the Florida Phcebe 51 Humulus neomexicanus 45 Hylophilus 101 Hypositta 125 Hyposittidas 125 I Ischnochiton biarcuatus 176 Isoderma cyprinoides 6 Jenkins, O. P. Rate of nervous im- pulse in certain invertebrates . . . vii k Kearney, T. H. On the effect upon seedlings of sodium and magne- sium salts viii Kendall, W. C. The fishes of the Rangeley Lakes ix L Lagenorhynchus crueiger 143 posidonia 143 superciliosus 143 Lamprochelidon 106 Lanius mearnsii 108 Leptesthes 6 Leptosiphon 6 Lepus parnassius 145 virginianus 69 Limosina 7 Lissodelphis peronii 143 Loxoptychodon 5 Lucas, F. A. On the quarries of Solen- hofen Bavaria and on Iguanas of the Galapagos Islands viii The making of a whale ... x Lunatia draconis 174 Lutra canadensis 69 Lutreola vison 70 Lynx canadensis 69 At Macrodon 50 Maeromphalina californica 175 Mangilia fancheras 172 Marshal, H. and Chesnut, V. K. Ob- servations on "locoed" sheep . . . xi Meek, S. E. The geographic distribu- tion of the fresh-water fishes of Mexico vii Megadesma 6 Merriam, C. H. Two new wood-rats (Genus JS'eotoma) from the State of Coahuila, Mex 47-18 Eight new mammals from the United States 73-78 Four new mammals, includ- ing a new genus (Teanopus) from Mexico 79-82 Mertensia caslestina 46 Mephitis mephitis 70 Metzgeria californica 171 Microsciurus boquetensis 121 Microtus pennsylvanicus 68 Miller, G. S. Jr. Eleven new Malayan mouse deer 31-44 Technical name of the Indian flying fox 50 A new name for Mm atratus Miller 50 ■ The short-leaved sundew in Virginia 102 A new Nataline bat from the Bahamas 119-120 A new hare from Greece . 145-146 A new squirrel from lower Siam 147-148 Two new mole rats .... 161-164 A second specimen of Euderma maculatum 165-166 Miodon 5 Miodontopsis 5 Mitra dolorosa 173 lowei 173 Moore, H. T. The artificial fattening of oysters xi Murex painei 174 Mus atratus 50 atridorsum 50 musculus 67 Muscicapa fusca 51 lembeyi 51 Muscilinum 8 Musculium 7 Mustela americana 70 pennanti ... 70 N NapEeozapus insignis 69 Needham, J. G. A new genus and species of dragonfly from Brazil . 55-58 Nelson, A. Psilostrophe, a neglected genus of southwestern plants . . 19-24 Two new plants from New Mexico 29-30 and Cockrell, T. D. A. Three new plants from New Mexico . 45-46 Nelson, E. VV. A new pigmy squir- rel from Central America . . . 121-122 Descriptions of New Birds from Southern Mexico 151-160 Nelsonia goldmani 80 Neotoma distincta 89 goldmani 48 navus 47 Notropis macrostomus 49 Nyctaginiacockerella? 29,52 186 The Biological Society of Washington. o Oberholser, H. C. A new cliff swallow from Texas .... 15-16 Description of a new Vireo . 17-18 Note on the Generic name Hylophilus 101 The North American forms of Astragalinus psattria (Say) . . .113-116 Description of a new Telmato- dytes 149-150 Odocoileus borealis 66 Oreomystis . . 11 bairdi 11 flammea 11 mana 11 maculata 11 montana 11 newtoni 11 perkinsi 11 Oreomyza 11 Orochelidon 106 Osgood, W. H. Two new spermophiles from Alaska 25-28 P Pachysilvia 102 pallidipectus 108 Palmer, T. S. On the preservation of Pelican Island as a breeding place for birds viii Indexing scientific names . . . x Palmer, Wm. Exhibition of specimens of Camptosorus rhizophyllus . . . . vii Paracyathus 101 granulosus 101 Pera 7 Peromyscus canadensis 67 Petrochelidon lunifrons 15 tachina 15 Phoca nigra 49 Phocfena albiventris 135 bivittata 138 cruciger 138 d'orbignyi 138 lunata 138 obtusata 139 philippii 136 posidonia 137 spinipinnis 143 Phymesoda 7 Pisidium 7 compressum 7 henslowianum 7 moquinianum 7 scholtzii 7 Pisum 7 Platygeomys angustirostris 81 Plesiastarte 5 crenulata 5 Polemonium pterospcrmum 45 Polioptila bairdi 110 magna 110 nelsoni 109 Pollard, C. L. The nodding pogonia in the neighborhood of Washington 127 A new violet from Kentucky . 127 Polymesodon 6 Polysticta 128 stelleri 128 Polysticte 128 Potamophila 6 Procyon lotor . . . • • ■ [70 Prodelphinus amphitriteus 143 caruleo-albus 143 Profischeria 6 Psaltriparus saturatus 109 Pseudocyrena 6 Psilostrophe 19 biennis 21 cerifera . 21 cooperi 20 gnaphalodes 20 lanata 22 pumila 22 sparsiflora 23 tagetina 22 Pteropus assamensis 50 giganteus 50 leucocephalus 50 medius 50 Putorius cicognani 70 leptus 76 R Rangifer caribou 65 Reithrodontomys albescens 53 nebrascensis 54 Rhectopsammia 101 Riddellia 19 Richmond. C. W. Earliest name for the American crow . 125 On the name Eniconetta . . . . 128 Seolecopfiagus preoccupied . . 128 Ridgway, R. Descriptions of new genera, species and sub-species of American birds 105-112 Relationships of the Madagas- car genus Hijpositla Newton . . . 125 Diagnoses of nine new forms of American birds 167-170 Riley, J. H. Description of a new quail dove from the West Indies . 13-14 Rivulina 7 Rosweilia 52 S Safford, W. E. The fauna of the Island of Guam viii Salmon, D. E. The recent outbreak of the foot and mouth disease in New England viii Salpinctes exsul 169 maculatus 169 notius 168 Shull. G. H. Geographic distribution of the Sugary Quillwort (Isoetes saccharata) ix Scala sawinae 175 Schuette, J. H. The hawthorns of northeastern Wisconsin 91-98 Sciuropterus macrotis 67 Sciurus boquetensis 121 douglasi 99 hudsonicus 100, 126 leucotis 147 loquax 66 mollipilosus 99, 126 novemlineatus 147 orarius ' 99 vancouverensis 126 Scolecophagus 128 Sedum douglassi ....'. ix Sialia australis 159 Sonorella walcottiana 103 Sorex albibarbis 71 personatus 71 Spalax berytensis 162 dolbrogeae 161 Spermophilus empetra 26 Sphteriastrum 7 rivicola 7 Sphaeriidse 7 Index. 187 Sphffirium 7 corneum 7 solidum 7 Sphterodactylus lineolatus 4 pacificus ,■•,• 3 Spillman. \V. J. Agrostological prob- lems in the United States ix Stiles, C. \Y. The new American hook worm and its medical importance . ix The dwarf tapeworm {Hymen- olepis nana) in the United States . . x Stejneger, L. Description of a new species of gecko trom Cocos Island 3-4 A new name for the Hawaiian bird genus Oreomyza 11-12 A new hognose snake from Florida 123-124 A new species of large Iguana from the Bahama Islands . . .129-132 Stelgidopteryx salvini 107 Synaptomys cooperi 68 sphagnicola 68 Syrnium lucidum 152 T Tamias leucotis 147 lysteri 67 Tamiasciurus douglasi 99 Teanopus 81 phenax 81 Telamona brevis 181 compacta 180 decorata 179 ehrhorni 180 extrema • 179 lugubris 179 obsoleta 1 '2 pruinosa 17' pulchella 181 viridia 178 Tellina amnica ' cornea 7 fluminalis 6 lacustris 7 pusilla 7 virginica 7 Tellinocyclas 6 Telmatodytes iliacus 110 marianpe 150 palustris 150 thryophilus 149 Tetragonopterus argentatus 49 Thryophilus pullus 167 ravus 167 russeus 157 Tragulus flavicollis 33 focalinus 35 fortnosus 34 lampensis 42 lancavensis 41 lutescens 1- natunre 38 pelandoc 37 ravulus 41 rubeus 40 subrufus 39 virgicollis 37 Trigona 6 Triphora trianthophora 127 Troglodytes nitidus . , 158 Tropidocyclas 7 True, R. H. The manufacture of team America ix True, F. W. Attitudes and movements of living whales viii The species of South American Delphinid.se described by Dr. R. A. Rhilippi in 1893 and 1896 . . . 133-144 Tursio albiventris 135 panope 141 platyrrhinos ... 142 u Urocyon borealis 74 catalinas 74 elements 75 santacruzs 75 Ursus Americanus 70 V Van Deman, H. E. Exhibition of spec- imens of " Grimes Golden " apples . xi Vaughan, T. W. Corrections to the nomenclature of the Eocene fossil corals of the U. S 101 Velorita 6 Velortina 6 Venus islandica 8 paradoxa 6 Vespertilio gigantea 50 Villorita 6 cyprinoides 6 Viola priceana 127 Vireo arizona; 108 bellii 17 cognatus 107 medius 17 mexicanus 107 Vireolanius goldmani 155 viridiceps 108 Vireosylva brewsteri 107 costaricensis 107 Vulpes fulvus 69 W Ward, L. F. The Dresden Cycad (Cy- cadoidea reichenbachiana) x Note on the hypothetical species of Diatomacex described by Ehren- berg xi Webber, H. J. Egyptian cotton in U. S viii Bud-sports and bud variation in breeding ix X Xanthium commune 9 wootoni 9 Xiphocolaptes omiltemensls 153 z Zapus hudsonius 69 MM. \VH( ESSL I 1BRAR WH 1TNH D