PROCEEDINGS OK IHK Biological Society of Washington VOLUME XVIII 1905 WASHINGTON PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY 1906 COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS W. p. HAY, Chairman WILFRED H. OSGOOD DAVID WHITE E. A. GOLDMAN C. A. McKNEW CONTENTS ^ Officers and committees for 1905 v Proceedings vii-xi Desci-iption of a New Genus and Eleven New Species of Philippine Birds, by Edgar A. Mearns 1-8 Fnrtlier Changes in Crustacean Nomenclature, by Harriet Richard- son !>-10 Diagnoses Aragallorum, l)y Edward L. Greene 11-18 Description of a New Eiiplionla from the Southern West Indies, by Austin H. Clark 19-22 A New Elk from California, by C. Hart ]\Ierriam 23-26 Twelve New Wood Rats of the Genus A'foloma, by E. A. Goldman 27-34 A Preliminary Acirount of the Dorididaj of Monterey Bay, Cali- fornia, by F. M. MacFarland 35-54 Some West American Red Cherries, by Edward L. Greene . . . . 55-60 Prelimiiiaiv Descriptions of Three New Birds from St. Vincent, West Indies, by Austin H. Clark 61-64 Notes on Bahama Bats, by Glover M. Allen 65-72 Genei-al Notes 73-78 A Snake New to the District of Columbia, 73 ; Why Not Pdramiiifn, 74 ; The Generic Name of the Willet, 75 ; Note on the Synonymy of ILvrnntoxplzd .^ipalii, 75 ; New Generic Name for the Giant Fulmar, 76 ; Note on a Specimen of Plthecophaga ji'Jf'enji Ogilvie-Grant, 76 ; A New Name for the Peromi/i^cus tifhrttsreusifs of Certain Authors, 77. Descriptions of Three Apparently New Species of Mammals, by D. (t. Elliot 79-82 Descriptions of Eight New Philipj^ine Birds, with Notes on Other Species New to the Islands, by Edgar A. Mearns 83-90 An Interesting Species of Fish from the High Mountains of Central p]cuador, by Barton Warren Evermann and William Converse Kendall . 91-106 New Genera and Species of Perl id a?, by James G. Needham . . .107-110 Description of a New Species of Whip-poor-will from Mexico, by E.W.Nelson 111-112 A New Genus and Species of Libellulinfe from Brazil, by James G. Needham 113-116 Some New Homoptera from the South and Southwest, by Elmer D. Ball 117-120 Notes on the Names of Certain North American Birds, by E. W. Nelson 121-126 New Species of Parasitic Copepods from the Massachusetts Coast, by Charles Branch Wilson 127-132 A New Flving Squirrel from the Coast of Alaska, by Wilfred H. Osgood" 133-134 Descriptions of Apparently New Mammals of the Genera Ovibos, Cmomyfi, and ^fmleln, by B. G.EUlot 135-140 A New Species of Clapper Rail from Yucatan, by E. W. Nelson . 141-142 New and Interesting American Grasses, by C. V. Piper 143-150 Descri|)tions of Seven New Subspecies of American Birds, by Outran! Bangs . 151-156 (iii) iv Contents. Mamaia and Mamaiidse, by Thomas R. R. Stebbing 157-1 <>() Description of a New Genus and Species of Trochilidfe, bv Harry C. Oberholser '. . . . 161-1G2 Two New Chipmunks from Colorado and Arizona, by C. Hart Merriam 163-106 What is Icterus gualanensis Underwood? by Outram Bangs . . . 167-170 New Plants from Nevada, II, by Aven Nelson 171-176 New American Bees, by T. D. A. Cockerell 177-184 General Notes 185-188 Two Specimens of Clisetura celebensis (Sclater), 185 ; The Name of the Panama Green Honey Creeper, 186 ; On the Correct Name for the Mountain Thrush of the Lesser Antilles, 186 ; Note on Arabis pedicelkda, A. Nelson, 187. General Notes 189-190 Note on the Name Hendersonia, 189 ; Note on the Earliest Use of the Generic Name Purpura in Binomial Nomenclature, 189. Suggestions for the Nomenclature of the Cranial-length Measure- ments and of the Cheek-teeth of Mammals, by Oldtield Thomas 191-196 A New Tobacco Thrips, by W. E. Hinds 197-200 A New Proserpinoid Land Shell from Brazil, by William Healey Dall 201-202 A New Chiton from the New England Coast, by William Healey Dall 203-204 A New Cloak-fern from Mexico, by William R. Maxon 205-206 Descriptions of Some New Genera of Tyrannidpe, Pipridee, and Cotingidfe, by Robert Ridgway 207-210 New Genera of Tyrannidee and Turdidee, and New Forms of Tana- gridae and TurdidcC, by Robert Ridgway 211-214 A New Fern from Porto Rico, by William R. Maxon 215-216 A New Owl from Costa Rica, by Anastasio Alfaro 217-218 Descriptions of Three New Birds from the Merida Region of Ven- ezuela, by J. H. Riley 219-222 General Notes 223-226 Note on the Generic Names Pterovntus and Dermmiolus, 223 ; Si/inbos, a Substitute for Scaphoceros, 223 ; A New Name for a Middle American Fern, 224 ; A New Name for Lewis' Wood- pecker, 224 ; Description of an Adult Female Euplionia Sup- posed to be Euplionia cpiatho (Cal)anis), 225. A New Bat from German East Africa bv Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. . . 227-228 A New Genus of Bats from Sumatra, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. . . . 229-230 A New Lycopodium from Guatemala, by William R. Maxon . . 231-232 Descriptions of Apparently New Species and Subspecies of Mam- mals from Mexico and San Domingo, by D. G. Elliot 233-236 Description of an Apparently New Subspecies of Microgale from Madagascar, by D. G. Elliot 237-238 A New Name for Kavlfunsia Blume, a Genus of Marattiaceous Ferns, by William R. Maxon . 239-240 Two New Species of Fishes from Brazil, by Seth Eugene Meek . . 241-242 A Collection of Fishes from the Istlimus of Tehuantepec, by Seth Eugene Meek 243-246 A New Bat from Mexico, by Walter L. Halin 247-248 A New Family of Jugular Acanthopterygians, by Theodore Gill and Hugh M. Smitli 249-250 A New Anarrhichadoid Fish, by Theodore Gill 251-252 General Notes ... 253-256 A Second Specimen of Odontonycteris meyeri Jentink, 253 ; New Name for Pontoleon., 253 ; Myotis lucifiigus in Kamchatka, 254 ; Mastodon Remains in the Yukon Valley, 254. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF TlIK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON For 1Q05 (ELECTED DECEMBER 31, 1904) OFFICERS Pre.^idenf FRANK H. KNOWLTON Viri'-Prcsidmli^ T. S. PALMER W. P. HAY K. L. GREENE E. W. NELSON Recording Seartary EDWARD L. MORRIS Correspond hig Secretary WILFRED li. OSGOOD Treasurer DAVID WHITE COUNCIL WILLIAM H. DALL* B. W. EVERMANN* THEODORE GILL* A. D. HOPKINS L. 0. HOWARD* GEORGE M. STERNBERG* FREDERICK V. COVILLE* H. J. WEBBER A. K. FISHER L. STEJNEGER F. A. LUCAS* CHARLES A. WHITE* C. HART MERRIAM* J. N. ROSE STANDING COMMITTEES— 1905 Coniinillee on C<)mmnnic(dions Veknon Baii>ky, Vhairmtm. H. M. Smith A. B. Baker A. D. Hopkins J. N. Rose Committee on Publications W. P. Hay, Chairman WiLFKED H. Osgood David White E. A. Goldman C. A. McKnkw *Ex-Presideiits of the Society. (V) Vol. XVIll, pp. vii-xii January 26, 1906 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PROCEEDINGS. The [Society meets in the Assembly Hall of the Cosmos Clul) on alternate Saturdays at 8 p. m. Brief notices of the meetings, with abstracts of the papers, are published in Science. January 14, 1905— ^395th-Meeting. The President in the chair and 46 persons present. A. D. Hopkins exhibited fossil borings of cerambycid beetles. W. P. Hay noted that in modern literature Cffisalpino is rightly credited with discovering the circulation of the blood. The following connnunications were presented : CO. Townsend: Distrilnition and Development of the Sugar Beet Industry in the United States. A. C. Veatch: The Question of Origin of the Natural Mounds of Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas. A. S. Hitchcock: The Twigs of Woody Plants with Deciduous Tips. January 28, 1905 — 396th Meeting. The President in the chair and 110 persons present. The following communications were presented: Ernest Thompson Seton : Life Histories of Some Rodents of Manitoba; Life History of the Northern Coyote. (vii) viii Tlie Biological Society of Washington. February ii, 1905 — 397th Meeting. The President in the chair and H8 persons present. Vernon Bailey exhiVdted a large pearl mussel from Texas. L. 0. Howard noted the first authentic record oi Stegomyia on the Pacific coast of Mexico.* The following communications were presented : Albert Mann: Diatoms. f E. A. Mearns: Animal Life of Mount Apo of the Philippine Islands.! February 25, 1905 — 398th Meeting. The President in the chair and 87 persons present. C. E. Waters presented remarks on Dr. Mann's paper on diatoms at the preceding meeting. E. L. Greene noted the work of P. I. Rafinesque of Switzer- land. § The following connnunicati(,)ns were presented: E. L. Greene: The Earliest Local Flora. David White: Fossil Plants of the Group Cycadofilices. March 11, 1905 — 399th Meeting. The President in the chair and 87 persons present. L. 0. Howard exhibited several articles woven from artificial silk. E. L. Morris noted the new edition of Cassino's Naturalists' Directory. F. H. Blodgett exhibited a microscopic mount of an ant. F. H. Knowlton noted recent papers on the salts of human blood. The following communication was presented: Willett M. Hays: Breeding Problems, March 25, 1905 — 400th Meeting. Vice-President Hay in the chair and 77 persons present. M. W. Lyon, Jr., and others noted the large number of crows * To be published in a monograph by the Carnegie Institution. t Smiths. Misc. Coll. (Quar. Issue), XLVIII, 1, 1905. X Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. XXVIII, 425-460, 1905. g Plant World, 1905. Proceedings. ix found dead in tlie vicinity of Washington from malarial infec- tion . \\ . L. McAtec noted tlie large number of bird foods found in drift.* The following communications were presented : Hugh M. Smith: Ichthyologia Miscellanea: a. The proper scientific name of the blue-gill sunfish ; h. Note on a rare flying- fish (Exocoetus lutkeni) ; c. Feeding habits of the trigger fish (BaJistes). A. G. Maddren: Notes on the Occurrence of Mammoth Re- mains in Alaska. t A. D. Hopkins: Ornaments and Blemishes in Wood Caused by Birds and Insects. April 8, 1905 — 401st Meeting. The President in the chair and 43 persons present. The following communications were presented : W. P. Hay: A Class of Arthropoda New to the District of Columbia. W. H. Osgood: An Extinct Ruminant Related to the Musk Ox.: B. W. Everniann: The Trout of the Kern River Region. April 22, 1905 — 402d Meeting The President in the chair and 30 persons present. W. P. Hay reported a new species of crayfish, Cambarvs mo- nongahelensls Ortmann, from Pittsburg, Avith notes on the colors of several species. A. B. Baker presented a plant of He2Xif.ica hepatira with douVjle flowers. The following communications were presented: H. D. House: Some Problems in the Study of Violets. F. H. Knowlton: Notes on Some Fossil Figs. H. W. Oldys: Instinct in Man and Reason in the Lower Animals. * Science, 190i. t Smiths. Misc. Coll. (Quar. Issue) XLVIII, 4-117, 1905. t Smiths. Misc. Coll. (Quar. Issuej XLIX, 173-185. X The Biological Societi/ of Washington. May 6, 1905 — 403d Meeting. Vice-President Hay in the chair and 26 persons present. H. D. House and others discussed the periodicity of flowering stems from the perennial roots of Isotria verticillata.^ The following communications were presented: Paul Bartsch: Notes on the Breeding of the Woodcock ahout Washington; An Unusual Nesting Site of the Carolina Wren.f C. E. Waters: Fern Stems. October 28, 1905 — 404th Meeting. The President in the chair and 66 persons present A. A. Doolittle exhibited a peculiar fruit of Avalnut. A. D. Hopkins spoke of the bark-beetles destructive to the Colorado forests. H. M. Smith and others noted the unusual number of wood- cock and other birds recently occurring near Washington. H. W. Oldys presented the newly observed notes of a hermit thrush. The following communications were presented : B. W. Evermann: Changes in the Bird Life on an Indiana Farm During Recent Years. L. 0. Howard: Some notes on the Yellow Fever Mosquito. Theodore Gill: An American Cretaceous Chimaeroid Ovicap- sule. November 11, 1905 — 405th Meeting. Vice-President Hay in the chair and 36 persons present. B. W. Evermann noted three new species of fish from Santo Domingo. W. H. Osgood exhil)ited a mastodon tooth from Alaska, and noted the geographical distribution of American mastodons. + \y. L. Hahn exhibited a branch of the red maple rooting at its decumbent apex, and noted an extension of range for the little brown ))at { Mi/otis lucifugus) .^ C. W. Stiles cited the records for parasitic rat-tailed larvae (Aristilis) in man. Theodore Gill spoke on the distriliution of the wolf -fishes of the genus Anarrhicas. * Will be published In Rhodora. t Will be published in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. X Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. XVIII, 254, 190.3. g Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. XVIII, 254, 1905. Proceed ill (/■•i. xi \\\ H. Evans spoke of the good results of introducing min- nows in Hawaiian rice l>edsto reduce the nunihcrof niosquitos.* The following communications were presented: E. L. Greene: Linnaeus as an Evolutionist. F. v. Coville : The International Botanical (Jongress at Vienna. H. M. Smitli: Notes on the Sargassum Fish {Ptewphryne histrio). November 25, 1905 — 406th Meeting. The President in the chair and 69 persons present. The following communications were presented: L. 0. Howard: More Notes on the Yellow Fever Mosquito. T. S. Palmer: The New York Meeting of the American Orni- thologists Union. W. W. Cooke : Discontinuous Breeding Ranges of Birds. December 9, 1905 — 407th Meeting. The President in the chair and 37 persons present. This meeting was in celehration of the 2oth anniversary of the Society, at which the following papers were read: J. W. Chickering: The Potomac-Side Naturalists' Club and its Predecessors. Theodore Gill: The Early Days of the Biological Society. F. H. Knowlton : The Present and Future of the Biological Society. December 23, 1905 — 408th Meeting. TWENTY-SIXTH ANNUAL MEETING. The President in the chair and 17 persons present. The annual reports of the Recording Secretary and the Treas- urer were read and accepted. The following officers were elected for the year 1906 : President: Frank H. Knowlton. Vice-Presidents: T. S. Palmer, W. P. Hay, E. L. Greene, E. W. Nelson. Recording Secretary : INI. C. Marsh. Corresponding Secretary : \\'ilfred H. Osgood. * Will be published from Agr. Exp. Sta. Honolulu, by D. L. Van Dine. xii The Biological Society of Washington. Treasurer: David White. Councillors: A. K. Fisher, A. D. Hopkins, J. N. Rose, L. Stejneger, A. B. Baker. The President announced the appointment of the following standing committees for the year 1906 : Committee on Publications : W. P. Hay, David White, W. H. Osgood, E. A. Goldman, C. A. McKnew. Committee on Communications: Vernon Bailey, A. B. Baker, A. D. Hopkins, J. N. Rose, H. M. Smith. Vol. XVIII, pp. 1-8 January 20, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON . V- DESCRIPTIONS OF A NEW GENUS AND ELEVEN NEW SPECIES OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. BY EDGAR A. MEARNS, (Major and Surrjeon, U. S. Army.) These descriptions are l)ased on a collection of birds made by me, with the assistance of members of the Philippine Scientific Association,* during a residence of more than a year in the military department of Mindanao. I would express my sincere thanks to Mr. Oberholser, and especially to Dr. Richmond, of the U.S. National Museum, for their assistance during the prepa- ration of this paper. Leonardia, new genus of Timaliinse. Type Leonardia woodi sp. nov. Bill somewhat depressed, broader than high at base, higher than broad at anterior border of nostrils, equal in heiglit and breadth at posterior edge of nostrils; cuhnen strongly ridged, curved from base ; maxilla with a .subterminal notch ; nostrils apparently elongate-ovalf; distance between anterior angle of nostril and tip of bill equal to the length of the hind toe without claw. Rictal bristles strongly developed. Length of skull equal to that of tarsus. Length of tarsus con- tained 2}> times in that of wing. Tarsus booted. Hind toe with claw less than half the length of tarsus. Wing and tail about equal. Wing rounded, the flnst primary half as long as the third. Tail moderate, graduated, with feathers somewhat pointed, and webs not decomposed. Plumage full and soft. ♦The activities of this organization, of which Major-General Leonard Wood, U. S. Army, is president, have resulted in a large general collection which has been sent to the United States National Museum. t Specimen slightly defective from attack of ants. 1— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (1) 2 Mearns — A New Genii>< and Eleven Artv Philippine Birds. Leonardia wood! sp. nov. BAGOBO BIRD. Doo rimf/li-hah'-toinj (nas;ohn]. Type No. 192,2()0, V. S. National Museum. Original niunber, 13,689, Male adult. Mount Ai.o at Todaya (4,000 feet altitude), Mindanao, P. I., July 11, 1904. Description of type. — Third i)rimary equal to ninth ; tifth, s^ixth, and sev- enth subequal and longest. Uppeiparts bistre, washed with burnt umber on lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts. Tail blackish seal brown. The feathers of the rump, which are very long and soft, have concealed white spots. Sides of head and neck (including lores and ear-coverts), breast, and abdomen slate-gray, the latter washed with white. Sides gray, washed with burnt vimber, particularly on the flanks, some of tlie feathers with concealed white spots. Thighs gray washed with burnt umber; under tail-coverts tawny olive, the longest ochraceous; chin and throat white. Iris reddish brown ; bill black ; feet and claws plumbeous. Total length, 20ri mm.; alar expanse, 280 ; wing, 90 ; tail, 87 ; bill, measured from nostril, 10 ; culmen, 16 ; tarsus, 88; middle toe and claw, 27. This genus and species are named in honor of Major-General Leonard Wood, IT. S. Army, who, as Governor of the Moro Province, has encouraged every form of scientific eifort in the Southern Philippine Islands. Pseudotharrhaleus griseipectus sp. nov. GRAY-BREASTED WOOD-ACCENTt)R. Type No. 192,259, U. S. National Museum. Mount Apo at 6,200 feet, Mindanao, P. I., July 8, 1904. Adult female (type and only specimen). — Size similar to that of the female of P. unirolor Hartert, assuming that the measurement "wing 92.5" is a typograpliical error for 62.5 ; but the bill appears to be 2 millimeters shorter. C<^loration similar to that of the male and female of P. anuhiliis Grant, from which it may be readily distinguished by the shortness of the tail, 81 mm. in the female of P. griseipectus and 86.36 in the female of P. caud'daa. The outermost tail-feather is slender and abortive, measuring 32 nun. in length. Tarsus with six scutes. Rictal Ijristles scarcely dis- cernable. Plumage soft and loose, the feathers of the back and nnnp 35 mm. in length, with gray bases and fluffy aftershafts ; webs of rectrices de- composed and abrade,200 feet lower than tiie ty|)e loeaiity of P. gri^eipectuK. Mr. \Vatei"stradt's specimen was killed in November while nnne was taken in July, and it is possible that his bird was an immature individual of the species here described. Brachypteryx mindanensis sp. nov. MOUNT APU SHOKTWING. Buor-voo-wing' (Bagobo). Type No. 192.25o, U. 8. National Museum, from Mount Apo at 6,000 feet, June 21, 1904. Adult female. The three Philippine species of Brachypieryx are closely related. In color, the form from Mount Apo, Mindanao, is nearest to B. hrunneict'ps from the Island of Negros ; but the latter is the smallest of the three forms, while the former is the largest. Adult mall'. — Similar to the male of B. Itninnnreps, but larger and ap- parently less heavily washed with black on the top of the head and throat. Belly without a trace of grayish wash present in B. poliogyna from the Island of Luzon. Measurements of No. 192,25(i,U. S. National Museum, from Blount Apo at 6,300 feet, July 4, 1904: Total length, 158 ; alar expanse, 220 ; wing, 70; tail, 62; bill from base of culmen, 14; bill from nostril, 9.5; tarsus, 33 ; middle toe and claw, 23. Iris dark l)rown ; bill, feet, and claws gray- black, darker than plumage. Adalt female. — Similar to the female of B. hrauveieeps, but differs, in addition to its larger size and relatively longer tail, in having the abdomen washed with brownish gray. The wing-quills and spurious wing are brown. Measurements of type: Total length, 158 ; alar expanse, 212; wing, 70; tail, 56 ; bill from base of culmen, 14; bill from nostril, 9; tarsus, 31 ; nuddle toe with claw, 24. Iris dark brown: bill, feet, and claws dark gray. YouiKj )iiale ill jirtil plumage. — Slate-colored feathers of the adult plum- age are present in the greater wing-coverts and pectoral region of the specimen (No. 192,257, U. S. National Museum, from Todaya, at 4,000 feet on Mount Apo, July 11, 1904). General color clove brown, the feathers slaty at base, all but the quills with russet shaft spots, which are small and triangular on the back, and so extended as to give a general russet tone to the abdomen. Iris brown ; bill and feet gray-black. Total length, 155; alar expanse, 218; wing, 70; tail, 50; bill from base of culmen, 13; bill from nostril, S.() ; tarsus, 33; middle toe with claw, 22. The name Boor-roo-vung^ , used by the native Bagobos, is in imitation of the lisping notes of this bird, which suggest sounds of the winds. 4 Mearns — A New Genus and Eleven New Philippine Birds. Measurements of three allied species op Brachypteryx. Sex and age. Total length. Wing. 1 Tarsus. B. poliogyna Male adult 140 66 48 31.7 B. brunneiceps Male adult 137 64 44 30.5 B. mindanensis Male adult 158 70 62 33.0 B. poliogyna Female adult 127 67 48 29.2 B. brunneiceps Female adult 132 67 48 29.2 B. mindanensis Female adult 158 70 56 31.0 Macronous mindanensis montanus snbsp. nov. MOUNTAIN MACRONOUS. Tah-go'-saa or Tah-go-say'-ahn (Bagobo). Tar-man'-op (Moros of Pantar and Lake Lanao). Type No. 192,312, U. S. National Museum, from Mount Apo at Todaya (4,000 feet altitude), Mindanao, P. I., July 12, 1904. Adult male. (Original number, 13,728.) Adult male and female. — Similar to Macronona mindanenais mindanensis but very much darker, with heavier markings throughout. The dark shaft- streaks are increased in area and intensity; the blackish feathering of the upper side of the head occupies more of the nape ; and the back and rump are Front's brown instead of raw umber. Tiie underparts are dark from tiie throat backward, the tianks being dark Isabella instead of clay color. This mountain form (from Pantar at 2,000 feet and Mt. Apo at 4,000 feet) is slightly smaller than the subsjiecies mindanensis. It is still farther re- moved from Macrenious striaticeps Sharpe from the Island of Basilan. ^' M((cronus mindanensis" was described by Steere from "Mindanao, Samar, Leyte." As his party did not visit the mountains of the interior of Mindanao it is safe to assume that the paler coast form was the one de- scribed. /Etliopyga boltoni sp. nov. MOUNT APO SDN-BIRD. Kah-poi-yah^oi'-yuh or Kah-pue-yoo-ahn' (Bagobo). Type No. 192,279, U. S. National Museum, from Mount Apo at 6,250 feet, Mindanao, P. I., June 25, 1904. Adult male. (Original number, 13,585.) Adult male (3 specimens). — Entire head and neck all round, except middle of chin and throat, slate-gray, faintly washed with French green, the feathers of the forehead narrowly edged with metallic French green ; upper back gray, strongly washed with oil green ; lower back olive green ; rump citron yellow; wings brownish black, with wing-coverts and outer Mearns — .1 New Genus and Elcrca New Philippine Birds. 5 webs of secondaries olive-jrreen ; under wing-coverts, and edges of inner webs of primaries and secondaries, white. Tail with longest feather 12 millimeters longer thin the next, ■_'•") millimeters longer than the outer rectrix ; middle jiair of tail-fciithers entirely metallic French green, the re- maining rectrices beiiiir green-black, broadly tipped with gray on the outer and white on the inner webs. Underparts with a median stripe of citron yellow extending frf>m bill to cliest, broadening posteriorly and minutely mixed with orpiment orange at iippei' margin of chest; flanks, alxlomen, and under tail-coverts yellow; chest orange; pectoral tufts Chinese orange. Iris red ; bill black, faintly tipped with horn color; feet and claws black, except the under side of toes whicli are yellowish. Lengtli, 130; alar ex- panse, 180; wing, 57; tail, 55; culmen (chord), 21; tarsus, 18; middle toe with claw, 14. Adult ffinale. — HeaS, IT. S. National Museum, fVoni Alt. Ajx) at 6,000 feet, June L'O, 1004).— T^nderparts washed witli raw umber as in adult females; upperi)arts Klit that the eyelids are dull green- ish olive, and the base of the maxilla slightly dusky. Tliis species is named in honor of Mr. Fletcher L. Keller, my faithful companion on Mount Apo. Qerygone rhizophorse sp. nov. PHILIPPINE MANGROVE GERYGONE. Type No. 190,097, U. S. National Museum. Adult male, from Zam- boanga, Mindanao, P. I., October U, 1903. Collected by Edgar A. Mearns (original number, 1.3,059). This species is most closely related to Genigcme fldvculu Cabanis from the Celebes and G. xiiltytdarii Biittikofer from Southern Borneo. From the former it differs in its smaller size, in wanting the whitish lores and the yellowish wash on the crown and ear-coverts, in the upper surface be- ing slightly darker, and the white spots on the inner web of the tail- feathers much larger. Fiom the Bornean species, which it resembles in size, it differs in having the sides of the breast almos^t as yellow as in theCelebean species instead of olive-brown, in liaving the crissuni ncaily pure white instead of pale yellow, in having the inner edge of the (|uills white instead of pale vinous, and in having the white spots on tiie inner web of the tail- feathers ver\' much laiger. Adult male ot near tlie end of the inner wel) of all the tail-feathers except the innermost ])air ; wing-coverts like the l)ack ; ((uills darker biown and nar- rowly edged with olive; whole underpaits straw yellow exccjjt the crissum which is almost white ; lining and edge of wing yellowish white; thighs mixed straw color and olive-brown ; inner edge of quills whitish. Meas- urements of male: Wing, 50; tail, 39; culmen, 10.5; tarsus, 16. 8 Mearns — A New Genxi^ nnrJ Eleven New Philijypiiie BirrJs. Muscicapula montigena sp. nov. MOUNT APO FIA'CATCHER. K'ri'-kri or Sal-yb-see'-bon (Bagobo). Type No. I!)2,236, U. S. National Museum. Adult male, from Mount Apo at 6,000 feet altitude, Mindanao, P. I., July 7, 1904. Collected by Edgar A. Mearns (original number, 13,658). It was a surprise to tind on Mount Apo a species of tliis genus ditferent from the one described by W. Blasius from Davao, near the base of the mountain. Mnsciciijnihi mniareusix^ M. luzoniensis, M. nigrumin and 3f. moiitigevd form a related series, moie distinct from 3f. hasilanica {=M. mindi(n.ensis Blasius) than from each other. Adn.ll male (two specimens). — General color of upperparts, including lores, eye-ring, and sides of head dark slaty blue; white ej'ebrow-stripe reduced to small supraorbital patches; rump slightly washed with oliva- ceous ; upper tail-coverts reddish burnt umber ; tail feathers burnt umber; wing-coverts like the back; quills grayish brown, edged with reddish brown externally and with fawn color internally ; underparts, except bell}' and sides, ocliraceous, palest on the chin and under tailcoverts; belly whitish ; sides bluish slate ; lining and edge of wing ochraceous-bufF. Length, 128; alar expanse, 208; wing, 65; tail, 51; bill from anterior border of nostril, S.l ; culmen, 10.5; tarsus, IS. 5; middle toe with claw, 15.5. Iris brown ; bill black ; feet and claws light gray. Adult female (two specimens).— Similar to the adult male except that the slaty blue of the back and lump are more perceptibly washed with olivaceous, and the lores, eye-ring, and touches on the ear-coverts are ochraceous-buir. Length, 125; alar expanse, 197; wing, 62; tail, 47; bill from anterior bolder of nostril, 7.5; culmen, 10.5; tarsus, 18; middle toe with claw, 16.5. Iris brown ; bill black ; feet and claws grayish fiesh- color. Immature female (No. 192,234, U. S. National Museum. Mount Apo at 6,000 feet, southern Mindanao, P. I., July 6, 1904).— Similar to adult females, but paler below, with obscure spotting across the chest and on the sides. Pardaliparus elegans mindanensis sp. nov. MINDANAO TITMOUSE. Kah-loo-ree'-nay (Bagobo). TnjM' No. 192,267, U. S. National Museum. Adult male, from Mount Apo at 6,200 feet, Mindanao, P. I., June 25, 1904. Collected by Edgar A. ]\Iearns (original number, 13,580). Adult male (three specimens). — Similar to Pardaliparas elegavs elegaas-, but smaller with a relatively smaller bill ; coloration heavier and yellower ; the black of chin and throat extending to the chest; whitish spots of up- per wing-coverts and tail-feathers washed with yellow. Length, 117; alar expanse, 210; wing, 67; tail, 41 ; culmen, 9.5; tarsus, 16; middle toe with claw, 15. Vol. XVIII, pp. 9-10 January 20, 1 905 PROCEEDINGS OK THK. BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON FURTHER CHANGP:8 IN CRUSTACEAN NOMENCLATURE. BY HARRIET RICHARD.SON. Tlu' changes in nunK'nclatuiv which liavc hccn made ))y Miss Rathl)un * necessitate further remarks in regard to the fate of the isopod genera Idotca Fahricius 170S and Ligia Fabricius 17<)S. It lias been pointed out in the paper referred to a])()ve that Zc/otea Fa hricins 1798 is preoccupied, Idotea Weber 1795 1 having lieen previously used for a genus of crabs. It appears that in 1796 in the "Index Alphabeticus " to the " Entoniologia Systematica emendata et aucta," Fabricius mentions the genus Lhitlicd S. (p. S()), the letter S n^ferring to the " Supple- mentum.'' IdatJi/'a here is a ;/o;;/('// ;m/^//m;/, the description of the genus appearing two years later witli the different spelling J(li)f('ti. [(Jotlira in tlie index umlduhtedly refers to Idotca in the"Supplementum "and aitlii'(i\s the correct spelling accord- ing to the dei-ivation of the woi'd, it .^eenis more than likelj^ tliat the omission of the lettei- // fi-oiii Idoflica in the " Supple- mentum " wasan error. Mori'over in the " Index Alphabeticus " of the " Supplementum," published in 1799, we find again the *Some change.? in Crustacean Nomenclature, Proc Biol. Soc. Washington, XVII, pp. 169-172, 1(101. t Nomenclator entomologicus secundum Kntomologiam systematicam ill. Fabricii adjectis speciebus recens detectis et varietatibus, Kiel and Hamburg, 1795. 2— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol.. XVIII, 190.5. (9) 10 Rlcliard-fOii — Finihrr Chdvges in Crnstarntu Xomcnrlature. spelling Ithithra* which may be considered a correction of Idntea in the text. In view of this fact Llothni Fabriciiis 179!) can l)e considered the earliest synonym of Idotca Fahrieius 179uves lonij-petioled and sIimkUt, tlie.'i |)airs<>r()l)l()n.ijc-olliptical lealletsapproxiinate at tlicciid ()f tlu' prliolt^ so to speak, about •> inch long; slender pcduiick's twice the height of the leaves and about o or (5 inches long including the short capiti- forni spike; bracts lance-linear, villous-strigose, as are also the caiyx-tube and its I'alher long linear teeth ; keel of corolla with a short straight blunt point ; pod unknown. Dry ground in the valley of the North Fork of Wind l\iver, Wyoming July 12, 18S2, Dr. W. H. Forwood ; type in U. S. Heib., lal)elied Oxytmpls L'li/npu.f, and doubtless related thereto, though a jilant of slender habit, of few long leaflets as it were at the end only of a long petiole; also wholly destitute of the woolly-hairiness of ,1. higopiis. Northward beyond the borders of the United States occur several more species proposed as new ; several of these so mani- festly allied to A. Lamberti as to have been labelled so in tlie herliaria. These have all been collected by the efficient and zealous l)otanists of the Canadian Geological Survey, and as distributed bear the numbers of that collection. Aragallus Albertinus sp. nov. Rather slender, 6 to 12 inciies high, silvery-silky only as to the young and growing parts, when maturer glabrate, the green-looking upper face of leaflets only sparsely villous-i>ilose under a lens, these in numerous closely approximated pairs, hardly f incli lung, oblong-lanceolate, very acute; spikes of whitish or purplish flowers narrow and dense, borne well above the foliage; bracts subulate-linear, nearly equalling the calyx, this villous- tonientose and white, the subulate teeth almost as long as the subcampanu- latetube; pods short, conspicuously acuminate, the beak-like point spread- ing, and only this surpassing the calyx-teeth. A rather elegant and certainly well marked species, of which the type is from near Prince Albert, Saskatdiewan, by Mr. John Macoun, July, 1896, sent me under the Geol. Survey No. 12,o40; also in flower only, under No. 12,58."). Earlier specimens referreil here are from two localities in Alberta taken in 1895. Types in my herbarium. Aragallus melanodontus sp. nov. Stout, low, multicipilous, the erect scapes 5 inches high ; plant villous- canescent, the hairs partly appressed, partly spreading; leaflets in 5 to 7 pairs, oval to oblong-lanceolate, acute, ] to n inch long ; flowers large, white, in spikes little longer than broad ; bracts subulate, not half as long as the rather large short-cylindric calyx, this villous with short dark-colored and 16 Greene — Diagnoses Aragallorum. lonfier white hairs, the oblong obtuse teeth of iialf the length of the tube and wholly black-hairy; pods unknown. Species very well marked by its peculiarly obtuse black calyx-teeth. It is known to nie by a sheet in my own herbarium collected by Mr. John Macoun at Elbow River, Alberta, in 1897; the label bearing the Geol. Surv. No. 18,513. Arag:allus Macounii sp. nov. Growing parts silky-canescent, maturer herbage greener, the erect or slightly decumbent scai)es a foot high or more, the as nearly upright leaves more than half as high, rather long-petioled ; leaflets in 11 to In pairs, ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, often J inch long, approximate but not crowded ; spikes I.7 to 2h inches high ; bracts lanceolate, equalling the calyx-tube, herbaceous; calyx-teeth broadly and somewhat obtusely subu- late, of much less than half the length of the villous-tomentulose subcylin- dric tube ; corollas 4- inch long, white ; pods villous, small for the plant, little more than the beak exserted beyond the calyx-teeth. Plains of Alberta, about Calgary, June and July, 1897, Mr. John Macoun, Nos. 18,516 and 18,517 Herb. Geol. Surv., Canad., named " 0. Lmnherii'' but allied to A. monticola rather. Type in my herbarium. Aragallus cervinus sp. nov. Slender and rather low, the tallest scapes 8 inches high, these and the leaves erect; herbage silvery-silky, the upper face of leaflets least so, their lower most so, these very numeious and almost crowded, narrowly lance- linear, h inch long or more, acute ; flowers wliite, very few, 5 to 12 in each short capitiform spike; bracts subulate-linear, shorter than the calyx, this cylindric with short teeth ; pods not seen. At Deer Park, Lower Arrow Lake, British Columbia, June 8, 1890, J. M. Macoun, No. 5358 as in my herbarium. Aragallus galioides sp. nov. Slender, 12 to 18 inches high, young parfs silvery-silky, otherwise cin- ereous-villous; leaves upright, 4 to 10 inches long, the small oblong acute thin leaflets in whorls of 4, approximate but not crowded or imbricate; slender spikes of small flowers 4 to 6 inches long, not dense; bracts linear, nearly equalling the cylindric cal3'x, this densely villous, its subulate teeth more than half as long as the tube; pods short, oval with a long beak-like apex, the whole scarcely | inch long, thin-walled, villous-tomentulose. Meadows along Bow River, near Banff, B. C, at 4,500 feet, July and Sep- tember, 1899, W. C. McCalla, in U.S. Herb. Elegant small flowered species related to A . splendens ; the long leaves with whorled leaflets recalling leafy stems of Galium. Greene — Diagnoses Aragallomm. 17 TIr' three conehiding the series are, as will he seen, from widely sundered stations, and variously allied. Aragallus luteolus sp. nov. Tufted, stoutish, 0 to 10 inches \\\)i,\\, scapes well surpassing; the foliage, both minutely silky-vilh.us, almost silvery; leaflets lauce-oblong, i inch long 1)1- more, closely approximate, of tliinnish texture ; scapes flexible, not striate; spikes short and broad, not dense, U or 2 inches long, 8 to 15- flowered ; bracts lanceolate, shorter than the calyx-tube, this cylindric, vil- lous-tomentose with white and black hairs intermixed, teeth short, obtusi.sh ; corolla about 4 inch long, yellowish. Subalpine on the Olymijic Mountains, Washington, July, 11)00, A. D. E. Elmer; type in U. S. Herb.; fruit not known. Aragallus bryophilus sp. nov. Branches of caudex stout, erect, 2 or 3 inches high, api)arently embedded in mosses, heavily clothed with the stipules of leaves of former seasons, these j'ellowish-scarious, triangular, acutish, sparsely pilose toward the apex ; leaves long-petioled, 1.^ inches long, the 7 to 9 leaflets oval to ellip- tical, hardly | inch long, soft-pilose on both faces, more emphatically so beneath ; scapes slender, 1 inch long, 2-flowered, the flower 5 inch long or more; calyx dark-ferruginous-villous, cleft to the middle, the teeth lanceo- late-subulate; corolla puri)le, the large banner deeply emarginate. St. Matthew's Island, Bering .Sea, July 10, 1891, Mr. J. M. Macoun; dis- tributed from Herb., Canad. Geol. Surv., under No. 18,510 and the name Oxytropis nigrescen.<«, but by habit and stipules extremely different from the Asian plant of Pallas and of Fischer. Type in my herbarium. Aragallus liudsonicus sp. nov. Branches of the chaff"y caudex and tufts of leaves and peduncles of about equal lengtli, the whole 2 to 4 inches high ; stipules tai)ering to a scarcely acute apex, rather densely hirsute ; leaves short-petioled, the whole less than an inch long, of 27 to 33 closely approximate minute oblong leaflets, the racliis villous, leaflets sparingly pilose; scapes with a short capitiform spike of 8 to 1() middle-sized bluish flowers; cylindric; calyx blackish- villous, its somewhat triangular but obtusish teeth very short ; corolla i inch long. Whale River, Hudson's Bay, June 24, 189(), Mr. A. P. Low ; No. 14,272 of Canad. Geol. Surv., as distributed by Mr. Macoun. Type in my herbarium. Vol. XVIII, pp. 19-22 February 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW EUPHOXIA FROM THE SOUTHERN WEST INDIES. BY AUSTIN H. CLARK. On examining a series of ten specimens of Ewphonia flavifrons (Sparnn.) obtained bjMnyself on the island of St. Vincent, and comparing them with specimens from Dominica, I find certain constant differences in color, which, taken in connection with the uniformly small size, seem to warrant a subspecific sepa- ration . Unfortunately in tlie original description of the species (Sparrman, Mus. Carls. IV, No. 92, 1789) no type locality is given; l)at as it appears to be mure probable that the earlier specimens came from tlie large and important northern islands (Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Martinique) rather than from the small and less known islands of St. Vincent and Grenada, I liave decided to give a new name to the southern form, thus re- stricting E. f.flarifmns to the St. Bartholomew-Dominica group. The southern bird may therefore be known as Euphonia flavifrons viscivora * f^ubsp. nov. Type from Kingstown, St. Vincent, W. I. No. 12,687, adult male, coll. E. A. and O. Bangs. October 29, 1903. Austin H. Clark, collector. Cltfirdclrrs. — Resembles E.f.Jfnvifrnns from Dominica, but is smaller, darker, and generally brighter, with the black on sides of the head replaced V)y dark green, the throat and forehead deeper and more orange in color, the back clearer green, and not tinged with bluish, and the underparts * fiscKm, mistletoe. This bird feeds largely on the berries of a plant called locally " mistletoe," and is therefore known on St. Vincent as the " Mistletoe Bird." 4— Pkoc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (19) 20 Clark — Description of a New Euphonia. more yellowish, especiall}' on the abdomen and under tail coverts. The rump is also considerably brighter, inclining to wax yellow, and not dull olive, as in the Dominica bird. Color. — Adult male: Forehead gamboge yellow, margined posteriorly by a transverse line or bar of black ; crown, occiput, and hind neck uniform light turquoise blue, this color extending down behind the auriculars to the upper breast; back, scapulars, wing coverts, and upper tail coverts uniform olive green; rump bright olive yellowish ; primaries, secondaries and rectrices dusky, margined with olive green ; lores black ; suborbital, auricular and malar regions dark olive green, becoming lighter toward throat ; chin and throat lemon yellow, brightest on chin, and shading into the green of the breast posteriorly ; under])arts yellowish olive green, be- coming more yellowish on abdomen and under tail coverts; under wing coverts yellowish white ; bill black, with basal portion of mandible grayish. Iris brown. Feet brownish gray. Adult female : Similar, but paler and duller throughout ; forehead lemon yellow, bordered i)Osteriorly with a line of dark olive green; chin and throat paler and slightly greenish ; sides of head yellowish olive green ; crown and occiput slightly paler than in the male. One specimen, apparently immature, has the blue of the head mixed with olive green. A male from ]\hvrtinique and another from St. Lucia agree in color with the St. Vincent birds. MEASUREMENTS. Sex. Male Female Locality. St. Bartholomew.* Guadeloupe (average of three).* Laudat, Dominica. Martinique. St. Lucia (average of two).* St. Vincent.* Kingstown, St. Vincent. Grenada (average of two).* Guadeloupe (average of two).* Dominica (average of four).* Laudat, Dominica. Martinique.* St. Lucia (average of two).* Kingstown, St. Vincent. Wing. Tail. 61.5 38.9 64.8 39.6 66 44 63 43 62.7 38.6 61 37.6 65 4L1 62 38 62 38 62 38 63 38 62 39 62 38 63 39 62 38.6 62.2 38.1 64.5 39.6 64 40 61.7 36.1 59.9 37.3 60 36 62 37 62 38 Tarsus. 15.5 16.3 16 14 16 16.5 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16.3 16.5 16.8 17 17 16.5 16 16 16 * Taken from Kidgway, Birds North and Middle Am., II, p. 16, 1902. Clark — Desrrrption of a New Kiiyhi>ii'K{. 21 Th(> averatrt' nieasureiiients of iiiiile specimens from each island as n'ouglit out b)- this table are: Locality. St. Bartholomew (1) Guadeloupe (3) Dominica (1) Martinique (2) St. lAicia {2) St. Vincent (8) Grenada (2) Wing. Tail. 61.5 38.9 64.8 39.6 66 44 62.8 40.8 61 37.6 62.5* 38 6 1 62 38.6 Tarsus. 15.5 16.3 16 15 16.5 16 16.3 * Omitting the lirst, apparently abnormally large specimen, 6'.2.2. t Omitting tlie first specimen, 38.3. Although the number of specimens (32) is too small to allow of any con- clusive results, the birds from Martinique-Grenada may be said to be a smaller race than those from the north. Admitting tlie color into consid- eration, we find that EupJionin flavifrons in the Lesser Antilles shows varia- tions comparal)le to those of Vireosylvn calidris, which species is represented by the large and rather pale T^. c. calidris from Dominica nortli ward (a form in which, as in E.facifrons flavifrons, the color of the crown and occiput tends to grade into the color of the back), while from Martinique to Grenada the form T'. c. hnrhadense, smaller, clearer, and somewhat darker occurs. I liave not examined the specimen from St. Bartholomew. It may be abnormally small, or may represent still another race, as in regard to this species that island is in an apparently isolated position, no Euphonia hav- ing as yet been found on Saba, St. Eustatius, St. Kitts, or Nevis. Tlie habitat of Ei(j)honi(i flavifrons viseivora may be given as Grenada, St. Vincent, St. Lucia, and Martinique. The range of tlie species is, in ad- dition, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Antigua, Barbuda, and St. Bartholomew. Possibly it may yet be found on Nevis and St. Kitts, or on the higher alti- tudes of St. Eustatius, as it is a bird whicli is, from its small size and retir- ing Iiabits, very easy to overlook. Vol. XVIII. pp. 23-26 February 2, 1 905 PROCEEDINGS OK THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON r '<( A NE^\■ ELK FROM CALIFORNIA, CERVUS NANNODES, BY C. HART MERRIAM. During the early days in California, elk were abundant in most parts of the San Joaquin and Sacramento Valleys, particu- larly in and aliout the tule sloughs bordering the Sacramento, San Joaquin, Kings, Kern and other rivers, and Tulare, Buena Vista and Kern lakes. Tlie encroachments of civilization have resulted in the gradual extermination of this elk over the greater part of its former range, until in recent years it has become re- stricted to a small area between Tulare and Buena Vista lakes, 5— Fkoc. Bioi.. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (23) 24 Merriam — A New Elk From Califnrnia. where at present the survivors are confined almost exclusively to lands included in an extensive cattle ranch ( Buttonwillow Ranch) OAvned l)y Miller and T.ux. Knowing that the other mammals of the hot San Joaquin \"alley differ materially from their mountain relatives, and feeling confident that the elk would prove no exception to the rule, I have tried for fifteen years to ol)tain specimens, lait until recently without success. Two or three years ago Miller and Lux presented the herd to the United States Government, througli the Biok)gical Survey of the Department of Agi'iculture. A park for their reception was constructed on Kaweali River in the Sequoia National Park, and on NovemlxM- 12, 11)01, a notahle drive was made for the purpose of corralling the animals. The drive was carefully planned and many of the l)est riders of the San Joaquin Valley took part in it. It was not a success, for the reason that the elk refused to l)e driven and escaped to the adjacent foothills of the Temploa Mountains. During thi* excitement of the chase the vaqueros roped eight or ten of the elk. Most of these died. Their skins and skulls wen- carefully preserved and are now in the collection of the Biological Survey in the U. S. National Museum. Comparison of these specimens with the three species of elk heretofore known from the United States (Cervus ruhn- (lensis, C. roosevelti, and C mern'omi) shows that the Joaquin animal is very different from any (.)f them — far more dift'erent in fact than the}' are from one another. It is very much smaller, shorter legged, much paler in color, and has more white on the ears. Comparison of skulls shows that its afiinities are with Cervus canadensis of the Rocky ]\Ioun tains rather than with roosevelti or merriami. The accompanying illustration is from a photograph, taken by hie Noveml)er 12, of an old hull, appar- ently the leader of the hand. He was roped during the drive and carried on a wagon to the corral. The species may be known from the following description : Cervus nannodes sp. nov. 7ype from Buttonwillow, Kern County, California, No. 1 35,042, male, 2- year-old, U. S. National IMuseum, Biological Survey Collection. Collected November 12, ]904, by C. Hart IMerriam and E. W. Nelson. Characters. — Size small; legs short; coloration pale; fur of ears soft, almost woolly ; wiiite rump patch small and narrow ; front of legs and feet Merriam — A Neio Elk From California. 25 bright golden fulvous ; back and flanks varying from buffy gray, slightly washed with fulvous, to grizzled buffy whitish. Color. — Type specimen : Head and shoulders grizzled grayish brown, only slightly washed with fulvous on neck and slioulders ; back grizzled whitish buffy, becoming pale fulvous on sides ; rump patch and tail soiled whitish, much smaller and narrower than in the other known species ; ears varying from bufly ochraceous to ochrareous fulvous ; the inner side, borders, and outer base both anteriorlyand posteriorly, buffy white.the white,particularly at posterior base, much more extensive than in the other species ; anterior surfaces of fore and hind legs bright golden fulvous, strikingly different fioin the dark brown or chestnut ])rown of the others ; posterior aspect of fore and hind legs buffy fulvous ; mane on throat well developed, long, harsh, grizzled grayish brown ; dark thigh stripe (separating white of inner side from grayish fulvous of outer side) only slightly marked. An old bull is similar but has the neck all round abruptly much darker than the body. The mane also is more extensive, covering the sides of the neck as well as the throat. An adult female collected at the same date and place (No. 135,047) differs from the type in being more fulvous above ; in having the back less whitish ; the rump patch whiter and more sharply defined ; the throat mane less strongly developed but still well marked. Three yearlings of both sexes are in color intermediate between the male and female above described. The top of the head is more like that of the female, being fulvous instead of grayish brown. The sides of the back and flanks are dark buffy gray, becoming jiale fulvous posteriorly on sides of rump and thighs. Cranio! churaders. — Skull in general similar to that of canodensis (not broad anteriorly as in roosevelti and inerrUtrni), hut smaller, lower, and notably shorter; pulatalhones decidedly longer ; upper surface of supraoccipifal decidely shorter. The skull of the type, a two-year-old male, compared with the skull of a male (■cm(u?('?/.s/s of the same age from Manitoba, shows the following differences: Size smaller; fronto-parietal region more depressed ; bullse decidedly smaller ; muzzle more constricted laterally behind canines ; supraoccipital on top of skull shorter; encroaching much less on parietals ; the parietals correspondingly longer ; palatal length and length of j)alatal bones decidedly shorter. The palatal surface of the maxillaries and premaxillaries is of the same length in both species, the greater palatal length of canadensis resulting from the greater length of the palatal bones in that species. The molars and premolars are of essentially the same size in both — hence relatively larger in nannodes. Antlers. — Similar in general to those of the Rocky Mountain Elk but smaller and with posterior terminal prong less strongly developed. Measuremej^ts. — Type specimen (2-j'ear-old male) : Total length, 2,030 mm ; tail vertebrte, 140 ; hind foot, 020. Cranial measurements of type specimen. — Basilar length, 358 (in canadensis of same age, 388) ; zygomatic breadth, 155 (in canadensis, 168) ; occipito- sphenoid length, 79 (in canadensis. 90) ; palatal length, 230 (in canadensis, 255), length of palatal bones, 36 (in canadensis, 60) ; palatal floor of maxil- laries, 112 in both ; palatal floor of premaxillaries, 82 in both. Vol. XVIII, pp. 27-34 February 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OK THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON T^VELVE NEW WOOD RATS OF THE GENUS NEOTOMA. BY E. A. GOLDMAN. The following descriptions are published in advance of a re- vision of the genus Xeotoma now in course of preparation. For the opportunity to study the unparalleled series of wood rats of the Biological Survey I am indel:)ted to Dr. C. Hart Merriam, who had already done much work on the genus, and under whose direction the collections have been brought together. My thanks are also due to Dr. J. A. Allen of the American Museum of Natural History and :Mr. D. G. Elliot of the Field Colum- Ijian Museum, for the loan of types and topo types, and to Mr. F. W . True, Executive Curator, and Mr. Walter L. Hahn, Aid, for the use of the National Museum Collection and other courtesies. Neotoma palatina pp. nov. Ta})e from Bolaiios, Jalisco, Mexico (altitude, 2800 feet). Adult male, No. 90,i)o9, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. September 12, 1897. E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Original number 7104. Gnu'Vdl ch'tractn-s. — Size large; ears small; pelage short and coarse; skull heavy; si)heno-palatine vacuities closed ; vomer peculiar. Oilor. — Type (in worn pelage): Upperparts pale cinnamon, suflfused with bufly along cheeks and sides, becoming much darker on dorsal region from abundant admixture of black hairs; underparts dull white, the basal color plumbeous except on throat, breast, and inguinal region; muzzle brownish gray; ears brownish ; feet white; tail scantily haired, bicolor, blackish above, soiled whitish below. 6— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (27) 28 Golchwtn — Twelve Neiv Wood Rats. Crnninl cliaracifrs. — Skull large and massive, rather smoothly rounded, well arched across anterior roots of zygomata; rostrum short and heavy; nasals wedge-shaped, reaching posteriorly to plane of orbits ; braincase somewliat truncate posteriorly ; interparietal large and rectangular with- out trace of a posterior angle; spheiio-palatine vacuities completely closed by palatines; vomer prolonged posteriorly as a thin vertical plate along median line of presphenoid, partiallj'^ dividing posterior nares, and ending in a point at suture between presplienoid and basisphenoid ; bulUe small and heavy, somewhat pear-shaped, and pointed anteriorly. Measurements. — Type: Length (head and body), 187; tail vertebrae (in- complete), 60; hind foot, 37. Neotoma martinensis sp. nov. Type from San Martin Island, Lower California, Mexico. Adult female. No. 81,074, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. July 17, 1896. A. W. Anthony. Original number 39. General cJiaracters. — Size medium; tail moderately long, tiiinly cov- ered with short hairs ; outer sides of hind legs conspicuously blackish. In color closely resembling N. anthonyi, but tail more scantily haired, and cranial characters very different. Color. — Upperparts grayish brown, evenly mixed dorsally with dusky hairs, becoming lighter and somewhat suffused with pale buff' along sides ; underpai-ts creamy white, the fur everywhere deep plumbeous basally ; ears dusky ; upi)er sides of forearms dusky brown ; outer sides of hind legs and inner sidesof ankles conspicuously blackish ; feet, including the sides of the soles to point well above heels on hind feet, pure white; tail bicolor, brownish black above, grayish below. Cranial characters. — Skull of medium size, rather smoothly rounded, high and well arched acioss anterior roots of zygoniiita ; tempoi'al ridges faintly developed and widely separated ; nasals very long, abruptly narrow- ing posteriorly, and reaching well beyond plane of lachrymals; frontal region narrowly constricted anteriorly, broadening posteriorly, the upper surface nearly flat and witliout well developed lateral ridges; bulUe rather small and somewhat pear-shaped, the meatus very large and widely open. Measurements. — Type: Total length, 342; tail vertebrae, 167; liind foot (dry skin), 35.7. Neotoma nudicauda sp. nov. Ti^pe from Carmen Island, Lower California, Mexico. Nearly adult female. No. 79,073, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. October 14, 1895. J. E. McLellan. Original number 1517. General characters. — Size medium ; ears large ; tail moderately long, nearly naked. Similar in general to N. arenacea, but color paler and cranial characters different. Goldmaji — Twelve New Wood Rats. 29 Color. — Type: Upperpai'ts pale frniyisli buti', tiiifred with brovviii.sh along cheeks and sides, the back slightly darkened by black-tipped hairs ; nnder- paits white, the fur pale plumbeous basally along sides of belly ; ears gray- ish bi-own ; feet white; tail bieolor, brownish on upjier third of circum- ference, dull whitish on lower two-l birds. Crnnial c}inrnrh'r.<<. — Hkull similar to that of X.drfiKKrn, hat bullae larger; interpterygoid fossa narrower; maxillary arm of zygoma heavier; ant- orbital foramina larger, the outer walls broadei' and projecting farther for- wai'd ; nasals truncate posteriorly, reaching plane of orbits; jugal rather long; dentition of the albigula type, but rather light ; supraorbital ridges well developed and sharp as in N. arenacea. Mensnremeri1.9. — Type: Total length, 330; tail vertebnie, 155; liind foot, 40. Neotoma montezumae sp. nov. Ti/pe from Zimapan, Hidalgo, Mexico (altitude, 7500 feet). Adult male, No. (SI ,426, TJ. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. October 17, 1890. E. AV. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Original number 10,275. General c}int smaller; fur shorter; color brighter; outer sides of forearms and hind legs not dusky as in N.ferriujinea. Color. — Upperparts tawny ochraceous, brightest along sides, becoming ochraceous butf on head, outer sides of forearifis and hind legs, well mixed with brownish black on top of head and along back ; underparts dull white owing to ]ilumbeous basal color of fur, except a small area on chin and throat which is pure white ; nose dusky ; fore feet white ; hind feet irreg- ularly clouded with dusky to toes, the toes white; tail faintly bicolor, brownish black above, dull gray below, becoming brownish toward tip. CrauUd cliaracters. — Skull similar to that of X. ferruginen but smaller and lighter, relatively longer and narrower ; rostrum more slender ; nasals narrower and more attenuate posteriorly; dentition as in N. ferruginen but lighter. Mensurements. — Type: Total length, 338; tail vertebrae, loO; hind foot, 35. Neotoma mexicana madrensis subsp. nov. 7)lpe from Sierra INIadre, near Guadalupe y Calvo, Chihuahua, Mexico (altitude, 7000 feet). Adult female, No. 95,244, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. August lifi, 1898. E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Original number 12,918. (General charncter.'<. — Size smaller than N. mexicana ; color very different ; tail long, slender and thinly haired ; ears rather large. Color. — Tyjje : Above pale cinnamon, i>urest along sides, strongly dark- ened dorsally by black-tipped hairs; underparts dull white, the hairs everywhere plumbeous basally ; axillae ochraceous buff; fore and hind feet white ; tail distinctly bicolor, brownish above, whitish or grayish below. Cranial character.^. — Skull essentially as in N. mexicana, but smaller; bulhe relatively smaller; first upper molar with antero-internal reentrant angle deep as in iV. mexicana. Measurements.— Ty^e : Total length, 320; tail vertebrae, 150; hind foot, 33. Neotoma micropus littoralis subsp. nov. Type from Alta Mira, Tamaulipas, Mexico (altitude, 100 feet). Adult male. No. 92,952, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. April 10, 1898. E.A.Goldman. Original number 12,281. 32 Goldman — Twelve New Wood Rats. General characters. — Similar to N. micrnpva, but differing in somewhat smaller size, decidedly brownish color, and slight cranial characters. Oi/or — Type: Upper]>arts nearly uniform grayish brown, moderately darkened on middle of face, top of head and along back by blackish hairs; underparts white; the fur i)lunibeous basally except on throat, pectoral and inguinal regions, where the hairs are pure white to roots ; nose dusky ; ears thinly clothed with comparatively long, brownish hairs; feet white; tail sharply bicolor, blackish al)ove, whitish below. Cranial, charactrrx. — In general firm the skull agrees with that of N. micropas, but averages smaller; dentition usually less heavy ; interpterygoid fossa narrower, encroached upon anteriorly by a short but more or less spinous projection from palate as in N. mici-opus. Measurement^.— Type : Total length, 366 ; tail vertebrse, 166 ; hind foot, 39. Neotoma micropus planiceps subsp. nov. Type from Rio Verde, San Luis Potosi, Mexico (altitude, 3000 feet). Adult male. No. 82,105, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collec- tion. January IG, 1897. E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Original number 10,461. General characters. — Size slightly smaller than N. micropus ; color more buffy instead of drab gray; skull flatter and less angular. Color. — Upperparts pale buffy gray, soinewhat obscured by dusky hairs which are most abundant along the median line of the back ; underparts white, the fur pale plumbeous basally along sides of belly and inner surface of hind legs ; nose, eyelids and ankles dusky ; feet white ; tail thinly haired, bicolor, brownish black above, grayish below. Cranial characters — Skull similar in general to that of i\^. micropus, but smaller and less arched ; frontals flatter above, the sides not upturned nor projecting as supraorbital shelves ; braincase more smoothly rounded, bulg- ing posteriorly below lambdoid crest; nasals attenuate posteriorly, the' ends pointed and deeply emarginate ; interpterygoid fossa Aery broad as in N. micropus. Measurements. — Type: Total length, 351; tail vertebrse, 167; hind foot, 38. Neotoma stephensi sp. nov. Type from Hualpai Mountains, Arizona (altitude, 6300 feet). Adult female. No. 117,466, U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. July 1,1902. F. Stephens. Original number 4192. General characters. — Size small, fur long, soft and silky ; tail slightly bushy, nearly concolor ; belly pinkish buff. Similar in general to A\ lepida, but hind foot larger, differing also in color and cranial characters. Color. — Type: Uppeiparts grayish buff, palest on head, becoming pinkish buff along cheeks and sides, well mixed on d©rsal region with brownish hairs ; underparts strongly washed with pinkish buff, this color spreading Goldman — Twelve Neto Wood Rats. 33 over entire belly and more or less irregnlarly invading other parts; small areas on pectoral and inguinal regions, sometimes including throat, pure white ; ears thinlj' covered with grayish brown liairs ; ankU's dusky ; feet white; tail grayish brown above, slightly paler below. Cranial char/irlcrs. — Skull small, short and relatively broad; braincase large and smoothly rounded ; frontal region broad and tlat ; buihe large; first upper molar witii antero-internal sulcus obsolete. Compared with X. Ifpiiht the skull averages larger, with decidedly longer toothrow, larger interparietal and smaller bullte. Measurements. — Type: Total length, 310; tail vertebrse, 139; hind foot, 31. Vol. XVIII, pp. 35-54 February 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OK THE / BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON liju .L A PRELIM INAKY ACCOUNT OF THE DORIDID^ OF MONTEREY BAY, CALIFORNIA. BY F. M. MacFARLAND. By permission of Hon. George M. Bowers, U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries. For a nuinl)rr of years past the writer has been engaged upon a study of the Opisthobranch Mollusca of Monterey Bay and the adjacent sea coast, the results of which will soon appear in a series of systematic and morphological papers upon the families represented, fully illustrated by colored plates and drawings. The present article is intended to serve merely as a preliminary list of the species of the Dorididpe found, with sufficient data to rendi'r their recognition easy l)y other students of the group. ^^'hile occupying the Smithsonian table at the Naples Zoological Station during the months from November to April, 1902-()o, I enjoyed the opportunity of studying a large numl)er of Medi- terranean Dorididie for purposes of comparison with Pacific forms. My sincere acknowledgments are due to Professors Dohrn, Eisig and Mayer, and to Dr. Lo Bianco and to their able assistants for tlie many kindnesses shown to me while there. To tlic directors of tlie Hopkins Seaside Laboratory, Pacific Grove, California, Professors .Jenkins and Gilbert, I would express my gratitude for the facilities afforded me and for the unfailing kindly interest wliicli they have shown in my work. The collections upon which the present paper is based have 7— Puoc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (35) 36 MacFarland — Preliminanj Account of Dorulidse. been made at various times during the year for several years. The most of them have heeen secured by shore collecting, the littoral fauna being exceptionally rieli and the area exposed at low tide l)eing large. Some liavc been taken by dredging, Imt extended systematic work by tliis means has not yet been carried out. The material secured l)y the dredging operations of the U. 8. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross during the spring of 1904: will l)e reported upon in another place. \Vith the exception of tlie early and fragmentary papers of Cooper and Stearns and the later ones of Bergh upon Alaskan Nudibranchs, the Californian Opistholu-anchs are practically unknown. To this fact is due the large number of new species listed . In no group is the necessity for full and careful anatomical study more necessary as a basis for specific description than in the Opisthobranchiata. In many cases even the genus to wdiich a specimen belongs can not lie made out by general external characters alone. The practice of basing new species upon such superficial and variable characteristics as form, color and size alone can not be too strongly condemned. In every case here listed, with one exception, a careful morphological study has been made, in many instances aided by serial sections, and the complete descriptions will be fully illustrated by plates in the final papers. The general systematic arrangement as proposed by Bergh (1892) has been followed. The following is a list of the Doridida' thus far taken : NUDIBRANCHIATA HoLOHEPATICA . I. Doridida3 cryptobranchiatse. 1. Archidoris viontereyensis (Cooper). 2. Montereina nohilis gen. et sp. nov. 3. Discodoris heathi sp. nov. 4. Rostanga pulchra sp. nov. 5. Diaidula sandiegcnsis (Cooper). 6. Aldisa sanguinea (Cooper). 7. Cadlbia marginata sp. nov. 8. Cadlina fiavomaculata sp. nov. 9 . Chromodoris porter% Cockerell . 10. Doriopsis fulva sp. nov. MacFarland — Preliminary Account of Dorididse. 37 II. Doridida' Phanerobvanehiatiu. A — Pi)lyeencUp. 11. Acglre^ (dhopnnrtatus Q'p. nuv. 12. L(iU(( ((xl-erelll gen. et sp. nov. i;'). Trhrpha carpenter I (Stearns). 14. Triopha macalata sp. nov. 15. Triopha grandis sp. nov. 16. Poh/cera atra sp. nov. B — Goniodorididiie . 17. Aranthodoris hud-'ioin sp. nov. 18. Acaatlwdoris brunnea sp. nov. 19. Ancida pacifica sp. nov. 20. Hopk'nma rosacea gen. et sp. nov. The types of the aboA^e new species have been deposited in the U. S. National Museum. Co-types will l)e placed in the ^Museum of the Leland Stanford Jr. University and in the Museum of the Philadelphia Academy of Sciences. 1. Archidoris montereyensis (Cooper). Doris montereyensis Cooper. New Species of California Mollusca. Proc. Calif. Acad. 8ci., II, 1862, 204. Doris monterei/ehsis Cooper. On New or Rare Mollusca Inhabiting the Coast of California. Proc. Calif Acad. Sci., Ill, 1863, 58. Archidoris movlereyensis (Cooper). Bergh, MalacologischeUntersuchungen (Semper, Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen. II, Heft XIV, 1878, 624. Archidoris monlereyemis (Cooper). Bergh, On the Nudibranchiate Gastero- pod Mollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with Special Reference to those of Alaska. I, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1879, 107. Body elongate elliptical, the ends nearly equally rounded, dorsum slightly arched; mouth everywhere closely set with low conical tubercles, ground-color light yellow, having a dusty appearance due to extremely minute brown, greenish-brown or black dots thickly sprinkled over the dorsum everywhere; larger patches of same color scattered over dorsum upon as well as between the tubercles and more sparingly over the branch ite. Length up to 50 mm.; width up to 25 mm.; height up to 12 mm. Foot elongate, elliptical, light yellow, the anterior margin bilabiate with no median notch ; head small ; tentacles auriculate with an external groove; rhinophores stout, retractile into conspicuous sheaths with tuber- culate margins, perfoliate with 24 to 30 leaves on each side. Branchial 38 MacFarland — Preliminary Account of Dorididm. plumes 7, 3 or 4 pinnate, retractile within tuberculate sheath ; radula colorless, broad and short, deeply grooved, the teeth in 33 rows ; rachis narrow, naked ; pleurae multidentate with 42 to 49 strongly hooked com- pressed teeth, each bearing a strong, wing-like expansion on the inner mar- gin of the shaft. Glans penis unarmed, with no trace of a prostate gland upon the long (28 to 30 mm.) vas deferens. This Californian species is clearly distinct from the European A. taher- culata (Cuvier). Cooper (1862) described this species superficially from 2 specimens taken in dredging at Monterey Bay, in 6 to 10 fathoms depth. Bergh (1878-79) was able to add to this a description of the radula and body measurements from 4 dried specimens from Alaska and assigned the species to his genus Archidoris. Further than this nothing has been published upon this species. It is quite abundant at Monterey upon the piles of the wharf at all times of the year and in rocky tide pools. U. S. National Museum, No. 181,285. Monterey Bay, Calif. Montereina gen. nov. Body firm, dorsum tuberculate ; tentacles long, conical ; branchiae large, tri-orquadripinnate in few divisions ; large prostate gland present; vagina and glans penis unarmed. This new genus is proposed for the reception of the following type species : 2. Montereina nobilis sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif No. 181,284, U. S. National Museum. Body very large, plump, arched, but little depressed ; broad, elongate elliptical in outline, the ends nearly equally rounded ; general ground-color a rich orange-yellow varying to light yellow in some specimens ; dorsum thickly tuberculate, the tubercles slightly inflated at their distal ends; dorsum mottled everywhere between the tubercles with irregular blotches of dark brown or black, the total amount of dark coloration varying between wide limits in different individuals. Branchial plumes pinkish, tipped with white. Length up to 20 cm.; width to 6 cm.; height to 3 cm. Foot broad, smooth, light yellow, abruptly rounded in front, more grad- ually so behind, its anterior margin bilabiate, the upper lip with a slight median notch ; mouth relatively small, lips fleshy, the oral tentacles digiti- form or bluntly conical, directed forward, the tips curved outward; rhi- nophores stout, the stalk conical, the clavus perfoliate with about 24 leaves ; the rhinophore sheath with tuberculate margin ; branchial plumes 6, large, spreading, tri- and quadripinnate, covering the whole of the posterior dor- sum. Radula broad and short, deeply grooved, colorless or nearly so, the rachis very narrow, naked ; teeth in 26 rows of 55 to 62 teeth on each side ; MacFarhdid — rrelimiiKiri/ Accoiint of Dorhlidse.. 39 pleura' large strongly hooked, the wing iinich le?s Htrongly developed tlian in Archidoris montereyenm. Vas deferens long, slender, arising at its })roxiinal end from the large ovoid whitish-yellow prostate gland wliich lies upon the upper anterior face of the anterior genital mass ; glans penis unarmed ; vagina unarmed. Found in rocky tide-pools all along the coast of Monterey Bay at all seasons of the year but most abundant in the summer. Usually abundant on the piles of the Monterey wharf in company with the preceding smaller species, Archidoris monterctfeyisis, from which it may be readily nun. in length, arranged in short oblique rows of o or 4 in each, increasing progres- sively in size from the outermost inward ; each papilla supported by an axial column of stout spicules ; median portion of dorsum with numerous low scattered tubercles of varying size. Head wide, slopingabove, the frontal margin prominent, bearing papillte similar to those of the mantle sides, the mouth opening large with con- spicuous fleshy plicated lips; beneath the mantle margin on each side of the head a fleshy, flap-like sub-pallial ridge its anterior end just behind and slightly above the base of the oral tentacles; length of ridge, 2 nun., width, 5 mm., its edge smooth, the ends rounded; oral tentacles cylindrical- conical, truncate, the upper surface grooved. Anterior margin of foot deeply bilabiate; rlnnophores ])erfoliate with about i:> leaves, retractile within smooth margined sheaths; brancliial plumes 5, non-retractile into cavity, triiiinnate. General body-color yellowisli white, slightly translucent; clavus of rhinophores, processes of mantle margin and tail tipped with deep orange- red, the branchial plumes and median dorsal region occasionally flecked with the same; d«rsum marked with an irregular network of transparent lines, the effect of the multitudinous spicules shining through the skin. Total length of largest specimen, 20 mm. ; width, 7 mm. ; height, 6 mm. Kadula nearly coloiless, broad with wide median groove. Teeth in 76 to 82 rows; rhachis narrow, with a single series of colorless flattened plates ; pleural teeth 2, the first one a single slender strongly curved vertical hook fitting closely to the second pleural tooth which is strong and heavy, the shaft irregular in form bearing at the anterior end 2 strongly hooked cusps, the inner one smaller, the 2 together forming a crescentic figure; •the lower (posterior) end of the shaft with a slight wing-like elevation on its outer face; uncinal teeth 10 to 13 in number, closely set, pavement- like, presenting from above an arched quadrangular outline, the first 4 with 2 pointed cusps at the posterior angles, nuich reduced and finally disap- pearing in the outer ones which become transformed into flattened ])lates. Glans penis long, cylindrical, armed with 10 to 12 irregular rows of minute thorn-like hooks. Occurring under shelving rocks between tide marks along the coast. Not rare. Much smaller individuals of the same species have been col- lected at San Pedro, Calif by Prof T. D. A. Cockerell for whom the species is named. 48 MacFarland — Preliminary Account of Dorididse. 13. Triopha carpenter! Stearns. Triopa Cnrpenteri Stearns. Descriptions of a New Genus and Two New Species of Nudibranchiate Mollusks from the Coast of California, Proc. Calif Acad. Sci., 1873, 78, fig. 2. Triopha Carpmteri Stearns. Bergh, Nudibranchiate Gasteropod jMollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with Special Reference to Alaska, II, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1880, 113. Triopha Carpenleri Stearns. Bergh, System der Nudibranchiaten Gastero- poden, 1892, 148. Body limaciform, robust, anteriorly obtusely rounded, posteriorly rather bluntly pointed; head obliquely flattened, lunate with a narrow frontal margin laterally continued into the less conspicuous dorso-lateral ridge and bearing along its whole length a series of irregularly lobed or tuberculate papillae; scattered upon the minutely granuliferous dorsum many large and small simple or compound tubercles, often tending to form a median series in the anterior part of the dorsum. General body-color white, in- clined to yellowish above, often sprinkled with minute white spots borne upon very small tubercles ; tips of branchiae, clavus of rhinophores, ap- pendages of frontal and lateral margins and numerous scattered tubercles of the dorsum a deep orange color; numerous irregular blotches of orange also scattered along the sides of the animal in no regular arrangement; region of body beneath the gill-plumes darker, caused by the deep brown liver shining through the skin. Rhinophores perfoliate, with 20 to 30 leaves, retractile into prominent sheaths, the margins of which are thin, smooth or slightly wavy in outline ; Branchiae 5, large, tri-pinnate, spreading non-retractile into sheaths; ten- tacles short, stout, auriform, their outer borders with a longitudinal groove; oral armature a triangular brownish-yellow mandibular plate on either side made up of closely set slightly curved blunt rods ; radula broad, deeply grooved, dark amber in color; teeth in 33 rows; rhachis broad with four rows of flattened plates (spurious teeth) ; of these the inner 2 rows are quad- rangular, the outer rows more triangular in form, the rounded and slightly thickened anterior margin being narrower than the posterior one, the outer margin prolonged backward, especially in the posterior part of the radula; pleural teeth yellow, strongly hooked, of nearly uniform shape and size, the number varying in difteient individuals from 9 to 18; base of each hook witli a wing-like process; uncini quadrilateral in general outline, varying from 9 to 18 in number in different individuals, with a conspicu- ous longitudinal crest decreasing in size toward the outer uncini and dis- appearing entirely in the outermost ones. Glans penis armed with minute thickly set hooks. Length of large individual, 60 mm.; greatest height, 29 mm. ; greatest width, 15 mm. Maximum height of dorso-lateral processes, 3 mm. Found on brown kelp of the fucoid zone and in rocky tide-pools every- where along the coast of Monterey Bay. The commonest Nudibranch of the region and one of the most conspicuous. MacFarhind — Prrliniindr!/ Account of Doridiihe. 49 The fragmentary description of Stearns (187.']) is based entirel}' upon ex- ternal features but is amply sufficient to render certain the indentification of living specimens, especially as they are taken from the same locality as that from which Stearns seemed his original specimens. The structure of the radula shows that it is distinct from T. umtlfstit Bergh, witli which it has been united by the latter author in iiis jiajier upon Alaskan Nudi- branchs. No. 181,291, U. S. National Museum. ^Monterey Bay, Calif. 14. Triopha maculata sj). nov. Ti/pfi from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181,276, U. S. National Museum. Body limaciform, the back passing insensibly into the sides save for the line of processes which indicate the boundaj-y. Sides slightly compressed, foot linear, bluntly rounded in-front, less so behind ; head flattened, slop- ing to the wide semicircular frontal margin which bears a fringe of from 10 to 12 short stout processes, each branching at its distal end into several blunt or knob-like divisions each of which may be branched in turn ; dorso- lateral margin with a similar series of 4 to 6 short branched processes con- tinuous forward into the frontal marginal series; tail rapidly sloping from branchial region, highly arched ; color of dorsum and sides yellowish brown, varying from light to dark, thickly set everywhere with small bluish white oval spots each forming the center of a very low polygonal eminence bounded by very narrow orange yellow lines upon the dark brown background ; foot below orange-yellow shading off above on the sides into the deeper brown of the dorsum ; frontal and dorso-lateral pro- cesses and tips of branchiae, margin of rhinophore sheaths and clavus bright orange-red or vermillion ; oral tentacles auriform, deeply grooved on upper side, truncate ; rhinophores stout, perfoliate with about 18 leaves, retractile into high sheaths with smooth or slightly crenulate margins ; branchia; 5, tripinnate, low, wide spreading ; mandibular plates dark yellow, triangular, made up of short flexible blunt rodlets ; radula broad, deeply grooved, light yellow; teeth in 14 rows ; racliis broad with 4 series of flat- tened plates, the 2 innermost rows being quadrangular in shape, the ante- rior margin smooth, thickened, the 2 outer rows flattened, triangular, the central region more or le.Iuisii spots or entirely plain, the tips of the pro- cesses of frontal and dorso-lateral margins, tii)s of branchiae and tip of tail yellowish-red ; foot linear, rounded in front, tapering to blunt tail behind ; tentacles blunt, auriform, 3 mm. long; rhinophores rather large, perfoliate with about 20 leaves, retractile within conspicuous smooth-margined sheaths ; branchia 5, tri- and quadripinnate, wide spreading. Length of largest specimen : SO mm ; width, 25 nun.; height, 30 mm. Mandibles elongate triangular, light yellow, much reduced in size, made up of short slender slightly curved rodlets; radula broad, deeply grooved, the teeth deep amber in color; rachis bj-oad with 4 series of flattened plates, the 2 median rows nearly equilaterally rectangular, thickened transversely in anterior half into a cutting ridge from which a fainter longi- tudinal ridge extends toward the anterior margin, the plates of the 2 outer series triangular and bearing a heav}^ Ijlunt cusp sloping gradualh' forward on inner posterior portion; pleurjie 7 or 8 in number, strongly hooked of nearly equal size, with small wing on basal portion of shaft; uncini 8, pris- matic, flattened, the inner 4 of nearly the same size, the outer 4 rapidly decreasing, the outermost being nearly rudimentary, each bearing a low longitudinal wing-like crest projecting toward the median line. Herma- phroditic duct very long, together with its slightly larger amjnilla meas- uring about 60 mm. in an average specimen ; the spermatic duct passes into the large, flattened prostate gland almost at its origin and beyond this gland dilates into the long, cylindro-conical ampulla, 5 mm. in length by 2 mm. extreme diameter at proximal end ; glans penis and distal end of vas deferens lined with closely-set minute hooks; spermatotheca very large, 10 nun. in diameter, spermatocyst elongate, pear-shaped. This species has been taken only upon the brown kelps, Nereocydis and Marrocj/diK, at some distam-e from shore. It has never been taken in tide- pool collecting where the 2 above described species are common. 16. Polycera atra sp. nov. Type from Monterey Bay, Calif No. 181,278, U. S. National Museum. Body limaciform, smooth, plump, highest in cardiac region ; head rather high, sloping in front, expanded into a moderately wide horseshoe-shaped frontal margin bearing 4 long slender processes; at the sides below the rhinophores this frontal veil is slightly dilated and bears 1 or 2 short pointed, angular processes, laterally it is continued into a more or less con- spicuous dorso-lateral ridge highest in the branchial region where it bears MacFarlii 11(1 — PrdiiiiiiKiri/ Acconnl of DorhVidge. 51 1 or 2 coiiipres>;ed pointed tubeirk's; hrliiml the branclii;e tlie 2 lateral ridges unite in a low median crest to tip of tail ; branchiae 8, simply pin- nate, non-retractile, tallest in front, decreasing regularly in size from in front backward; rhinophores stout, without sheaths, perfoliate ; oral ten- tacles very short, loliiform ; toot linear, the anterior angles prominent; general ground-color black, the dorsum and sides with numerous longitu- dinal rows of yellow spots, more or less confluent into continuous lines, the intermediate spaces l)etween the spots of each row greyish, also the l>asal l^ortion of frontal veil and the foot of same color ; mandibles light yellow, verv strong, each divided into a ventro-anterior cutting portion and adorso- latiTal arched wing; radula andjer to dark brown in color, rather deeply grooved ; teeth in !l or 10 rows, the half rows not in a straight transverse line; rhachis naked ; pleurae 2, unequal; the first smaller than the second, alike in form, the shaft stout, flattened slightly, bearing a broad triangular wing directed toward the median line ; the hook broad, large, bent toward median line ; length of first tooth, 8 mm., the second .412 mm.; uncini 3, prismatic, triangular in section decreasing in size from within outward; rarelv a fourth rudimentary unciuus may l)e |)resent. Glans penis closely set with minute hooks arranged in rows. Length of animal, up to 23 mm.; width to 6 mm.; greatest height, 7 mm. Found on red algse {Gigm-tina) in rocky tide-pools all along the southern coast of Monterey Bay; abundant. 17. Acanthodoris hudsoni sp. nov. Tape from Point Pinos, Calif. No. 181,289, U. S. National Museum. Body plump, liighly arched, slightly higher and broailer in front than behind, oval ; dorsum soft villous, the papilU« short, thickly set, bluntly conical; mantle margin broad, thick; general ground-color clear translu- cent yellowish-white or pinkish, the i)apillae and branchiae tipped with lemon-yellow, the mantle edged with the same color; head wide, the oral tentacles broad triangular, a wide median anterior notch between them ; foot broad, rounded abruptly in front, much less so behind ; rhinophores long, tapering, clavus recurved ; ])erfoliate with about 24 leaves, the length of stalk and clavus nearly the same, retractile into low sheath with pa- pillose margin ; branchiae 5, bipinnate, without sheath, widespreading; pharyngeal i-rop large, hemispherical, very thick-walled; labial armature a pavement of minute hooks upon the lowei' and lateral walls of opening ; lowermost portion free from hooks and bearing a Inroad slightly concave cuticular plate, pointed behind, and forked anteriorly into 2 blade-like pro- cesses which project beyond the margin of the oi)ening, its total length Ijeing about ."-'88 mm. Radula very narrow, deeply grooved; teeth in 27 rows; rhachis very narrow, naked ; first pleural tooth very large, upright, compressed, its base quadrangular in outline, the i)Osterior border thin and wing-like, over- lajiping the succeeding tooth; anterior lower margin very strongly thickened, rounded ; the ujjper anterior margin of the base prolonged upward into a strong nearly straight hook, the ui)])er inner margin of which l)ears a 52 MacFarland — Prellmwar}i Account of Dorididae. series of 5 to 7 denticles decreasing in size from above downward ; in the most anterior teeth of the radula the denticles occasionally number 10 or 11, the lowermost 4 or 5 being extreme!}' small. The remaining 5 or 8 pleurje are small and of nearly the same size, obliquely placed, upi>er margin jirolonged into a slightly compressed blunt hook with a thin keel- like plate extending from its posterior median line to base, general shape being somewhat similar to first plural tooth. Total length of average first pleural tooth .870 mm., of the remaining pleurse .05 nun. Glans penis armed with very minute hooks. Taken in tide-pools at extreme low water near Point Pinos, the southern- most point of Monterey Bay ; rare. Species named in recognition of the able work of my friend Capt. Chas. B. Hudson, Artist of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. 18. Acanthodoris brunnea s]). no v. Titpf from Monterey Bay, Calif. ' No. 181,293, U. S. National JNiiiseum. Body outline oval, convex, broadest in front in regif)n of rhino])hores ; mantle thickly set everywhere with blunt conical tubercles, its mantle broad and thick. Geneial color of dorsum brown, flecked with irregulai' blotches of black ; between the tubercles numerous small spots of light lemon-yellow, the mantle edged with same color; tips of branchiae lemon-yellow; rhino- phores deep, blue-black, tipped with yellowish white: ventral surface yellow sprinkled with fine black dots. Total length, 19 to 22 mm., width, 9 to lo nmi. ; height, 7 to 9 mm. Head l)r()a. iiov. Tiipr from :\Ionterey Bay, Calif. No. 181, 2S0, U. S. National ^Nl^iseum. Body i^li^Hitly compressed, smooth, limaciform, higlie.st in front of bran- chia', tapeiiiijr l)eliiiui to tip of the long pointed tail, in front sloping less rapidly to tlie higli rounded head. General gronnd-eolor clear translucent yellowish-white, a narrow median orange line on dorsum from between rhinophores to tip of tail, interrupted by the branchise; upon the indis- tinctly marked dorso-lateral margins a similar line extending from rhino- phores backward, interrupted by the extra-l)ranchial appendages and jvrolonged for a very short distance beyond the last one. Head bluntly rounded, the tentacles slender, short and l)lunt; Rliino- l)hores without sheaths, large, perfoliate, with 9 leaves. At the base of the rhinophore two long slender finger-like processes, tipjied with orange, extending obliquely forward and outward, nearly as long as the whole rhinophore; branchiae 3, bipinnate, in part tripinnate, without sheaths, tippeil with orange; on each side of the branchise on the dorso-lateral margin are borne 4 blunt club-shaped processes dilated above, their distal third light yellow. Length of largest individual taken, 16 mm.; width, "J mm.; height, 3.0 mm. Pharyngeal crop spherical, pi-ominent, connate; labial armature strong, of flattened blunt minutely serrulate hooks; radula narrow, colorless, the teeth in :>3 rows increasing in size from front to back, the posterior teeth being twice the size of the anterior ones ; rhachis narrow, with a single series of flattened quadrangular jilates ; these plates absent in the first 8 to 10 rows but constant in the remaining portion ; pleural teeth 2, the inner- most large with irregular base and concave triangular vertical body i)laced slightly obliquely to the median line; its inner margin tiiickened and V»earing 11 to 17 sliarp recurved denticles, and terminating above in a strong hook ; the outer i)leural tooth triangular, thin below and thicker above, terminating in a strong apical hook. Glans penis with about 15 rows of exti"emely small hooks. Found on hydroids and bryozoa in tide-pools along southern shore of Monterey Bay ; rare. Hopkinsia gen. nov. Form of body elongate-oval, very much depressed ; the dorsum thickly set with long ))apill8e— simple or occasionally forked ; pallial margin not set ofi" from the sides of the body but sloping gradually down into the foot without any distinct boundary, anteriorly continued into a broad velar expansion formed by the fusion of the labial tentacles in front ; rhino- phores non-retractile, perfoliate; branchipe several, separate, simply pin- nate Illumes arranged in a horseshoe-shaped arc; the foot broad, its margin thin, undulating, in front deeply emarginate, behind forming a short broad blunt tail ; head broad, its tentacles very broad and thin, auriculate at the 54 Mac Farland— Preliminary Account of Dorididas. outer posterior angles, in front united into a veil with undulating margin ■;: labial armature a ring of very short thickened rods; radiila very narrow, the rhachis naked ; the first pleural tooth long, erect, hooked, the outei- one flattened, horizontal, denticulate. Glans penis armed. This new genus is dedicated to Mr. Timothy Hopkins, through whose generous interest in Biology the foundation of the Hopkins Seaside Labora- tory was rendered possible. Its type is the following new species. 20. Hopkinsia rosacea sp. nov. Ti/pe from Monterey Bay, Calif. No. 181 ,275, U. S. National Museum. General bod\' outline elongate-elliptical, the ends abruptly rounded; mantle firm, densely spiculate, much depressed, sloping gradually outward to the thin margin of the foot, no mantle margin being present ; foot broad, abruptly rounded behind, in front with a broad triangular notch with slightly thickened margin, the remaining margins thin and undulating; head broad, the oral tentacles very broad and united in front forming a thin velar expansion with undulating margin, the rounded posterior angles slightly auriculate; dorsum thicky set everywhere with long gently taper- ing cylindrical soft papula, the tips pointed or occasionally branched,, many one-half to two-thirds the length of the whole animal ; rliinophores perfoliate, cylindro-conical, without sheaths, perfoliate with about 20 leaves,, the clavus making up three-fourths of whole rhinophore ; branchise 7 to 14, erect, simply pinnate, separate, arranged in a semi-circ;le or horseshoe- form, the ends directed backward ; reproductive openings incons])icuous, on right side oj)posite rliinophores just below the outermost row of papilla;. Color everywhere a beautiful deep rose pink. Length of large individual, 20 mm. ; width, 16 mm. ; height of body alone, 5 mm. ; length of longest dorsal papillae, 18 mm. Pharyngeal crop strong, ellii)soidal, attached by a very short narrow petiole; labial armature a ling of short thick nxllets in tesselated arrange- ment, width of armature, .4 mm; radula narrow, the teeth in 16 rows; rhachis very narrow, naked ; pleural teetli single eiect, long, flattened, the base triangular, broad forming about one-third of whole length, the shaft flattened blade-like, at the distal end a small blunt hook, total length, .6S mm.; the single uncinal tooth is much smaller, thin, depressed, triangular, nearly horizontal, the posterior margin more or less pointed and irregularly denticulate, length, .08 or .09 mm.; greatest width, .076 mm. Prostate gland very large, forming one-half of whole bulk of anterior genital mass ; glans penis armed with minute hooks. Occurring under shelving rocks between tide-marks all along the coast from Monterey to Point Lobos ; not rare. Stanford University, California. ^ Vol. XVIII, pp 55-60 February 21 , 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SOME WEST a:\ierican red cherries. BY EDWARD L. GREENE. According to standard treatises upon North American general sj'-stematic botany, the later as well as the earlier, we have in the United States and Canada only two, or possiljly three species of genuine cherry; that is red-fruiU'd kinds, })earing their flow- ers in sulainiliellate or corymbose short clusters, as distinguished from the choke cherries — genus Padiis — the fruits of which are almost or quite black, and are borne in long cylindric racemes. Our true cherries are supposed to l)e Cerasus Pennsylvanica of the Atlantic slope of the continent, and C. emarginata of the vaster and far more varied regions lying between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean; two species, one for the At- lantic and one for the Pacific slope. That C. Pennsj/lvanica, one and indivisible as a species should range from Newfoundland to Florida, and from New England to Colorado, is a proposition not easily accepted. But that C. eimirf/iruitd or any other species of tree or shrub so highly organ- ized, six add occur all the way from the humid woodlands near the sea at Puget Sound, down to the heated and dry hills of the interior of ( 'nlifornia or the still more desert regions of south- eastern California, Arizona, Utah and the Mexican border — this is l)eyond the Ijelief of any botanist familiar with those extreme diversities of soil, altitude, humidity and heat that mark dif- ferent sections of the Pacific slope of the continent, and the Great Basin. 8— Fkoc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (55) ; 56 Greene — Some West American Red Cherries. There was published in Hookers' Flora Boreali- Americana, some seventy years since, two new cherries from the Coliimlna River, C. emarginata and C. mollk. Some twenty years later Dr. Kellogg, of San Francisco, assuming the cherry-bush of the San Francisco Bay region to be the C. emarginata of Douglas, named as new the red cherry just then discovered to be indigen- ous to middle elevations of the great Sierra Nevada. Precisely what Dr. Kelloggs' C. gJandulosa was, one can not determine, no fewer than four species of the genus Ijeing now recognizable as inhabiting the Sierras of middle California ; but that is un- important, since the name lie assigned his species does not hold. In 1891, having seen the red-cherry trees and shrults of the Columbia, and studied them on their native soil, I was able to pi^rceive that the shrul» of the hills of middle western California could not l)e referred to either of the Columl)ian species, and I described it in the Flora Franciscana as new, under the name C. Calif arnica. In 1903 there were sent in from the MogoUon Mountains of southern New Mexico, some branches with good foliage and ripe fruits of a cherry the investigation of which has led me to ex- amine with care a large amount of herbarium material of these western red cherries lying in the National Herbarium, all of it under the name of C. emarginata. Noticing in the herbarium even, what 1 had long since ob- served in the western field, considerable differences as to the size and outline of the drupes, I proceeded to extract and cleanse tlie nuclei or stones of these from different regions, finding to my great surprise that in these there seemed to reside good specific characters. I say to my surprise, because throughout the genus Cerasus as heretofore known, the stones are smootli and nearly or quite orbicular, hence not at all available for pur- poses of specfic diagnosis. How very different the case is here, in these West American cherries, the descriptions following will show. Cerasus crenulata sp. nov. Shrub with rather rigid copiously leafy branches puberulent the first and second seasons, later glabrous, grayish ; leaves elongated, seldom with any hint of the obovate, on fruiting branches oblong or elliptic-oblong, Greene — Some West American Red Cherries. 57 alH)Ut Ij inches loiifj: iiicludinj: the slender and not very short petiole, ob- tuse or acntish, never enuirginate, obviously and evenly crenulate, neither glabrous nor yet very distinctly puberulent, only the midvein conspicuous, basal gland rarely one and small, usually none, those of sterile shoots 2 inches long or more, exactly lanceolate, acute, subserrate-crenulate, usually with 2 small but well developed glands at the junction of blade and petiole ; corymbsshort-peduncled,4-flowered,pedicelsandrachis minutely hirtellous; calyx with glabrous campanulate tube and somewhat hairy truncate or eniarginate, often more or less erose teeth ; drupes ovoid ; stone ovoid, 2i or 8 lines long, obtuse at both ends, obtusely and rather obscurely low- rugose. INIogollon Mountains, New Mexico, at 8,000 feet, Aug. 23, 1903, O. B. Metcalfe, as to the fruiting specimens, tliose in my herbarium to be taken as the type. The flowering specimens are from a not far distant locality in the Black Range, by the same collector, in the spring of 1904. The half grown leaves of these have a somewhat obovate-oblong outline, and it is possible that they may prove to be of another species. Cerasus arida sp. nov. Evidently a low shrub, the stout branches remarkably naked as to foliage, the bark of a dull dark-brown ; leaves and flowers borne very sparsely along short lengths of the season's growth of the main branches, or a few on some of the stout gnarled lateral branchlets, but these mostly only leafy ; all parts glabrous ; leaves rather dull-green, 1 to lo inches long, obovate-oblong, obtuse or acutish, very faintly subserrate-crenulate ; glands at the very base of the blade large and obvious though often one only ; corymbs often represented by a solitary pedicel and flower, the largest only about 5-flowered ; calyx-tube sub-campanulate ; petals small; fruit un- known. Borders of desert at eastern base of the San Bernardino Mountain, Calif S. B. Parish, June, 1894. In the nakedness and gnarled aspect of this shrub it recalls the genus Peraphylliua. Some of the lateral twigs an inch long represent a six or seven years' growth. Type in U. S. Herb. Cerasus prunifolia sp. nov. Shrub stout and rigid, the short l)ranches grayish and glabrous after the second season, at earlier stages very glaucous, as well as minutely hirtel- lous-villous, this pubescence also clothing the rachis of the short and almost corymbose 5 to 8-flowered raceme, as also the pedicels and calyx ; small early leaves round-oval, 1 inch long, the later ones exactly obovate, short- petioled, 1] to 2', inches long, 1] inches broad above the middle, obtuse or acutish, crenulate, glabrous above, hairy beneath along the veins, less so 58 Greene — Some West American Red Cherries. between them, one sub-basal gland usually present but small, sometimes 2, as often none; calj'x-tube campanulate, 10-striate, the deflexed oblong- oval segments nearly equalling tlie tube ; fruit unknown. At 8,000 feet in the mountains of Fresno Co., Calif, Hall & Chandler, June, 1900, distributed to U. S. Herb, under No. 385. Remarkable for broad leaves like those of a jilum tree. Cerasus rhamnoides sp. nov. Larger than the last, rather more pubescent, some downy hairiness ap- parent on young branches ; leaves oval to obovate-oblong, the larger 2\ inches long, apt to be acutish, crenulate, both midvein and pinnate veins obvious beneath ; corymbs sub-sessile, about 5-flowered; drupes oval ; stone elongate-ovoid, 3i lines long, acutish at apex, margin on the one side little elevated, the whole surface smooth. Mud Springs, Amador Co., Calif, Geo. Hansen, 1893, being his No. 1474, as in U. S. Herb. The only western true cherry known to me of which the stones are smooth. They are also remarkably long and narrow. The foliage is larger than in other species of the Sierra Nevada, and re- sembles that of Rhamnus Call foDi lea. Cerasus Kelloggiana sp. nov. Cerasu.'i emnrginaia Greene, Flora Franciscana, 50, in part, not of Douglas ; probably C. ghmdalnsa Kell., Proc. Calif Acad i, 59, 1855, not of Loiseleur, 1818. Shrub with slender red-brown branches glabrous, at least after the first season ; leaves oval or obovate on fruiting branches, lanceolate on sterile shoots, serrulate, 1 to 2 inches long, glabrous above, scarcely pubescent be- neath except along the veins, even here only sparingly so ; corymbs short, subsessile, 4 or S-fiowered : calyx-tube campanulate, segments short, obtuse; drupes small, round-ovoid, scarlet; stone ovoid, barely 3 lines long, mucronately acute at apex, slightly one-sided by a narrow obtuse margin, very distinctly rugose around the base, the wrinkles faint above, though obviously anastomosing. Types: Mrs. Austin'sspecimensof 1896 inU. S. Herb., the flowering ones from mountains east of Chico, California, collected in June; the fruiting, from near Quincy, in September, both from the middle Siei-ra Nevada. Another sheet is from a little southward of these localities, namely at Emi- grant Gap, this by M. E. Jones, June 28, 18S2. It was from this region that Dr. Kellogg had his C. glandulom ; but that it was this present species must remain doubtful. His description seems to call for a shrub more pubescent, even as to the branches, than anything now known from that part of California; though that may not be of so much importance. Greene — Some TfW American Red Cherries. 59 Cerasus padifolia sp. nov. Shrul) irlahroiis in every luirt except the cadiicous stipule?, tliese in their time yianihilar eiliolate ; leaves of flowering hranehes (juite copious, 1 to lij inches long, obovate-oblong, obtuse, tapering to the short-petiole, mi- nutely crenulate, the midvein beneath conspicuous, the pinnate veins less so; corvnihs fastigiate, about 7 to n-llowered, on peduncles of I inch or less, the pedicels rather longer ; calyx-tube turbinate, one-third longer than the deflexed segments, these oblong-ovate, very obtuse or even truncate ; petals not large, round-obovate al)ove the tapering base. Foothills at Carson City, Nevada, June 2, 1897, Marcus E. Jones. Type in U. S. Herb. Though in flower only, the specimens, by their ample fastigiate inflorescence and long slender calyx-tube with short segments, refuse to be consociated with those of any other western cherry. Cerasus obliqua sp. nov. Slender red and shining leafy branches nearly glabrous, clothed with only sparse appressed hairs; leaves of fruiting branches mostly obovate- oblong and obtuse, rarely emarginate, crenulate, 2 or 22 inches long, glab- rous above, sparsely short-hairy beneath both along the veins and else- where, those of sterile branches lanceolate, acutish, not larger than the others; flowers not seen; drupe evidently subglobose; stone obliquely ovoid, obtuse at both ends, prominently but obtusely rugose, inequilateral at base by the strong development of thick margin below the middle. Known to me in but a single sheet of specimens in U. S. Herb, obtained at Oroville, Calif, Oct. 2, bS96, by H. E. Brown. Strongly marked by the characters of its pubescence and oblique thick-margined stones; and these specimens are the only ones known or heard of by me of any cherry from the plains or foot-hills of the interior valley of California. Cerasus parvifolia sp. nov. Slender shrub, either fastigiately or more widely l>ranching; branches led-ljrown and polished, puberulent at first, when mature glabrous, copi- ously leafy; leaves small, short-i)etioled, those of fructiferous branches cuneate-obovate to oblong-cuneiform, I to 1 inch long, thinnish, obtuse but never emarginate, finely crenulate, those of sterile shoots larger, I to 1} inches long, broadly elliptic, acute, all faintly puberulent when young, still more obscurely so in age, notably white-vennlose beneath, suprabasal glands mostly wanting altogether, occasionally present in reduced form ; flowers unknown ; drupe ovoid ; stone about 3 or 3^ lines long, narrowly ovoid, very acute at apex, equilateral, one side with a broad flat marginal development, the otiier showing a mere impressed line, surface with several traces of longitudinal ridges radiating about the base but soon vanishing, otherwise smooth, or wholly smooth, and showing no traces of rugosity. 60 Greene — Some West American Red Cherries. Known only from the vicinity of Mt. Shasta, California, the specific type being best represented in a sheet collected on the south side of Mt. Shasta, July, 1897, by H. E. Brown, being sheet No. 324,667, U. 8. Herb. Tn this the diminutive spiraea-like leaves areof the smallest, and the stones of the drupes are perfectly smooth, though less emphatically acute than in those collected by Mr. Pringle somewhere in the same general region, August 28, 1882. In his specimens the stones, which are very acute, are a little larger, and show at base the hints of rugosity described. Other specimens from " Mt. Shasta and vicinity " were collected by Dr. Palmer in July, 1892, but these are past flowering, yet without mature fruit. Cerasus obtusata sp. nov. Shrub stoutish and with rather rigid copiously leafy branches, and gla- brous in all its parts ; leaves of fruiting branches narrowly obovate, obtuse, near emarginate, very obscurely subserrate-crenulate, 1 to 11 inches long, only the midvein prominent, seldom with even a faint trace of one supra- basal gland ; corymbs short, subsessile, about 4-flowered ; flowers not seen ; drupe scarlet, subglobose; stone ovate, even broadly so, 2J lines long, ab- ruptly acutish at apex, marked with a few prominent though not acute rugosities. The type is from Silvies, on the border of the arid interior of southeast- ern Oregon, by David Grifiiths and E. L. Morris, August, 1901, sheet No. 402,822, U. S. Herb. The only other specimens of Cerasus from this climatic region seen by me are from Steins Mountains, both collected in 1896, one by Mr. Coville, the other by Mr. Leiberg. They are evidently from differ- ent sections of this isolated mountain range, and seem as if representing each another species ; but the specimens were taken at the wrong season of the year for showing either flowers or fruit. They are past flowering altogether, while in neither is the fruit full-grown. C. emarguiafa, the counterpail of C. ohtumta in northern Oregon and Washington, is not glabrous, its leaves are comparatively narrow and twice as large, also emarginate, and with well developed suprabasal glands, while its nucleus has never been described as otherwise than smooth. Cerasus trichopetala sp. nov. Stoutish branches glabrous, the younger red and shining, the older gray; leaves at flowering time obovate-elliptic, very acute, about U inches long, obscurely subserrate-crenulate, glabrous ; flowers large, in subsessile cor- ymbs of about 5, the rachis, pedicels and calyx glabrous, the large round- obovate petals appressed-villous externally at base and up and down the middle part; mature foliage not seen; stone obliquely ovoid, the thick ventral margin much elevated, the rugosity obtuse, low, obscurely reticu- late. Type in U. S. Herb., from Columbia Falls, Montana, by R. S. Williams, in flower May 24, 1894. Vol. XVIII, pp. 61-64 February 21, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PIJKLIMINARY DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW BIRDS FROM ST. VINCENT, WEST INDIES. BY AUSTIN H. CL.\RK. On working up a eullectioii of l»inls ol^taint-d l>y myself on the island of St. Vincent during 1903-04, I find three forms apparently well worthy of recognition. All three of these birds appear to he rare in collections, which possibly accounts for their not liaving l)een previously characterized. Two (Urubitinga (iiitlirar'nia cancrivora nob. and Holoqidscalvs dispar nob.) are only known from St. Vincent, although the former possil)ly occurs on St. Lucia and Dominica ; Buteo antillarum nob. has an extensive West Indian range, and may be found to be separ- able into several local races. Holoquiscalus dispar sp. nov. "BARBADOS" BLACKBIRD. BEQUIA SWEET. 'Ii/pe. From Kingstown, St. Vincent, Oct. 31, 1903. No. 12,802, female adult, coll. E. A. and O. Bangs. Characters. Bill much as in //. inflexirostris of St. Lucia; longer and more compressed than in H. martinicensis of Martinique. The male is similar in color to the males of both these species, but the female is very different from either, being even darker than the female of H. fortirostris of Barbados, though somewhat like it in color. In size the bird is a little smaller than H. martinicensis. MEASUKEMENTS. Culmen Wing Tail Tarsus mm. mm. mm. mm. No. 12,801 Topotype : adult c? 28.2 118.0 106.5 33.2 No. 12,803 " " ? 24.0 93.0 29.6 No. 12,802 Type " $ 23.0 92.5 77.5 30.0 9— Pkoc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (61) 62 Clark — Three New Birds from the West Indies. Distribution. Island of St. Vincent; confined to the vicinity of Kings- town, and neigliboring windward district. Buteo antillarum sp. nov. ANTILLEAN CHICKEN HAWK. GKEE-GREE. Type. From Chateaubelair, St. Vincent (British West Indies), Sept. 24, 1903. No. 12,852, male adult, coll. E. A . and O.'Bangs. Characters. Somewhat similar to Buteo plati/pteras Vieill., but smaller and more rufous, the rufous edgings to the feathers above wider, the under- parts more rufous, and the thighs buff, more thickly barred than in B. plati/pterus. In the young the ground color below is bulTy white, becoming darker on the abdomen and thighs. Iris yellowish white in all stages, not brown as in B. plati/pterus. Cere yellow. Feet orange yellow. Bill dark slaty. MEASUREMENTS. Wing mm. Tail mm. 'I'arsus mm. B. antillarum Type ^ St. Vincent 248 244 154 154 00 54 (1 c? " • 240 152 53 i( 9 272 165 55 ki 9 256 163 53 u 9 254 151 55 a 9 253 154 54 it c?* Dominica 258 154 62 « (f 252 159 59 u c? 244 156 59 it 9 251 156 60 ii 9 252 165 60 B, platypterus d^ Panama (winter) 278 171 60 u ^ 270 158 61 « & 264 160 63 (( 9 275 170 61 ♦The sex as marked on the specimens from Dominica appears to he questionable in some instances. Clad — lliree New Birds from the Wed Indies. 63 A conipari.son betwoen the specimens from St, Vincent and others from the island of Dominica, kindly loaned by Dr. Louis B. Bishop, shows that the Dominica bird is darker and more sooty above, more heavily marked on the breast, and deeper bnff on the nnderparts, su/(iiiifro)is. Some two weeks later while returning from our cruise among the northern cays, we again stopped in at Israel's Point and I made a sec- ond visit to tiie cave. To my surprise not one of the little Chilonatulus could be found, but instead a colony of from one to two hundred Phyllo- nyctens planifrons was in undisputed possession. The meaning of this I was unable to learn. According to my guide this cave had been discov- ered some twenty years or more ago when the ground had been in use as a pineapple plantation. It had always been used by the bats so far as he knew and was visited periodically by tlie planters in order to procure the guano as well as the cave earth that washes in. Our specimens agree precisely with the original description as given by Mr. Miller. Two types of coloration were noticeable, however, due per- haps to age, for a number of the specimens, though adult, had not acquired the bright yellowish tint but were nearly drab above with the hairs lighter at their bases. t- Otopterus waterhousii compressus (Rehn). Macr otus ivaterhousii compressus Rehn. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1904, p. 434. The Bahama Otopterus has been recorded from Andros, Long Island, New Providence, and Eleuthera. It has not yet been taken, apparently, among the northern islands of the group. We found but a single colony. This was at Nassau, New Providence, and must have numbered someseventy- five or more individuals. They occu{)ied a portion of the ceiling in one of the underground dungeons cut in the limestone rock at Foil Ciiarlotte. All the adults captured were females, and with these were a number of nearly full grown young of both sexes. In striking contrast to the sleepy brown bats in another chamber of the fort, these bats were alert and active. By the light of a broken lamp we could make out the colony hanging from the ceiling, some of them at least, holding on by one foot only. After once being startled they became very wild and dispersed throngliout the chambers of the dungeon, flying from room to room, or back and forth between two chambers as we continued our exploration. Gosse, in writing of the Jamaican Otopterus, calls attention to its sub- 70 Allen — Notes on Bahama Bats. terranean propensities, and says that when living in houses, these bats invariably take up their abode in the cellar. We were interested to ob- serve that none of these bats at the fort appeared to fly out into the light of day, but a number, on the contrary, retreated still farther underground after we had disturbed them. For when we had finished our examina- tion our guide lowered his bucket into a well cut 103 feet deep in one of the underground chambers, and in so doing disturljed a lunuber of the bats which had taken refuge at some depth iu the shaft of the well. They emerged singly from the narrow mouth of the shaft as the bucket pro- gressed downward. Several of these bats which we had taken alive were carried to our hotel. At frequent intervals tliey uttered a short sharp trill, very similar to the sound produced by rapidly running up a squeaky cur- tain-roller. The young bats were much darker than the adults, almost a clove-brown on the back, and their faces were almost without hair. Specimens. — 7 adult females and 1 young male (skins) ; 2 adult females, (5 young males, and 2 young females (alcoholic). Phyllonycteris planifrons Miller. Ptiyllonycteris plamfrons Miller. Proc. Biol. Soc, Washington, vol. 13, p. 34, May 2S), 1899. This is a common species in the Bahamas. It was described five years ago by Mr. Miller on the strength of 124 specimens all from the same lime- stone cave a few miles from Nassau, New" Providence. In addition to the colony at Israel's Point, Great Abaco. mentioned in connection with the colony of Chilonntalus we also visited a much larger one at Hurricane Hole, on the northeastern coast of Great Abaco. Here is a series of large open caves in a limestone bluff' some 50 feet high or more. A small pas- sage leads from the far end of one of these caves, and by means of -this ac- cess is gained to a higb vaulted chamber. A second and smaller chamber leads off from the first after turning a right angle. No ray of light pene- trates these inner caverns. E\erywhere our lantern disclosed hundreds of the Phyllonyderis clinging singly or in clusters to the walls and ceiling of the cave, and they were apparently the only species inhabiting it. I captured and examined a number of the bats. There were adults of both sexes in the cave, and many of the females had each a single young one still suckling, though about losing the last of the milk teeth. These young bats were very dark clove brown above becoming light drab below. A number of specimens were taken which showed various transitional stages of pelage from that of the young to a more mature stage having a curious patchy mixture of clove brown and vinaceous cinnamon above and drab beneath. Tiie colony at Marsh Harbor, visited July 20, also consisted of both sexes, but of the 18 specimens taken, only 2 were females. All the bats in this colony seemed to be adults. Allen — Notef^ on Bahama Bats. 71 As witli some other species ineiitioned, uiaiiy of these hats wlieii al rest t-Uiiig hy one foot only. They are of a (inai relsonie disposition and hite vigorously when handled. Tlieir bickerings were audible even before we readied the mouth of their cave and it is evident that the colony, though resting, is nnich awake even in the daylight hours. A number of them were tband to have one or both ears truncated near the tip in so regular a fashion as to make it seem that tliere were two types of ear-outline among them. The occurrence of some individuals with only one clipped ear, however, might indii'ate that this shape is due to accidental loss of the point of that organ through its having been bitten off by one of the quar- relsome company. Sjn'ciuieus. — 12 adult and 2 young males (skins) ; 3 adult females (skins) ; 4 adult females and 7 males (alcoholic), 2 young females and 2 young males (alcoholic). Vol. XVIII, pp. 73-78 February 2K 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NOTES. A SNAKE NEW TO THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. [By Permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.] In liis ' List of the Batrachians and Reptiles of the District of CoUimbia and Vicinity" (Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XV, 1902, pp. 121-145) Prof. W. P. Hay enumerated 21 species of snakes as of more or less certain occurrence in the District. I am now able to add a species, viz: Cemoplmra cocxinea (Blunienbach). A specimen of the "Scarlet Snake" was presented recently to the National Museum by Dr. I. W. Blackburn, of the Government Hospital for the Insane, who kindly writes me regarding its origin as follows : "The specimen of Cemophora ciccinea came into my possession alive, about the summer of 1893. It was captured by an employee of St. Eliza- beth Hospital, in the vicinity of Anacostia." It is now No. 35,308, U. S. National Museum. Compared with the other snakes in the District of Columbia, as defined in Prof. Hay's List, it belongs to the non-venomous section with smooth scales ; anal plate not divided ; underside of body is uniformly white, thus differing from the three species of LnrnpropeUis with which it otherwise agrees most. An important structural character is the prominent and somewhat conical rostral which even caused Schlegel to place it in the genus Ilelerodon. This record extends the known range of the species considerably. It has been known from Louisiana to Florida and north to South Carolina, and has been regarded as a southern snake characteristic of the Austro- riparian region. Early in May, 1891, a live specimen was sent to the museum from St. Margarets, Anne Arundel Co., Maryland, by Mr. A. A. Stinchcomb, but unfortunately it escaped. A drawing and color descrip- tion made from tlie living animal show that the determination was cor- rect. These are the two most northern records. As the colors of the living snake are of interest a description of the last-mentioned specimen follows: Iris chestnut ; tongue anteriorly pale flesh color deepening backward to coral red ; top of head in front of the postfrontal black cross-band, as well as 11— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 190.=j. (73) 7-4 General Notes. dorsal blotches, dull vermilion ; occipital band, occupying posterior half of parietals, temporals, and antei-ior row of dorsal scales, orange (being of a light yellow ground-color clouded with vermilion) ; rostral and loreal region more pinkish ; labials white ; light dorsal interspaces primrose yellow, color deepest on median line and fading gradually into white on the first scale row ; borders of vermilion patches jet black ; lateral dusky spots dark brown (being black overlaid with vermilion) ; whole underside white with mother-of-pearl reflections. — Leonhard Stejneger. WHY NOT FAR A MA YA f In a former paper* I referred to the substitution by Stebbing of Mamaia ]904t for J/flja Lamarck 1801, t the latter genus being rightfully abandoned. There is, however, an earlier name than Mamaia, Parainaija de Haan, which has claims to validity. ParariKujn first appeared in 1837 on plate XXIV of De Haan's Fauna Japonica, Crustacea, as a subgeneric designation, the type species being called " Pisa (Paramaya) spinigera ?/." This plate and plates E and F were issued with Decas III, pages 65 to 72, according to Bul- letin des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles en Neerlande, Leyde, 1838, where the notice appears in the number for August 31, in a list of books published since January 1, 1838. That the date given (1838) is not early enough is evidenced by the fact that the "Ophidii" of the Fauna .laponica which was published at the same time, is noticed in Gelehrte Anzeigen, Miinchen, July 7, 1837. Tiie text of " Decas Tertia" is also dated 1837 at the foot of page 65. The type species of Paramaya is congeneric with the type species of Mamaia, M. squinado (Herbst), 1788. The name Paramaya remained undisputed until 1839, when de Haan " published his " Decas Quarta," including pages 73 to 108. On page 93, appears the caption " Maja (Maja) spinigera, n. sp.," followed by "T. XXIV. f. 4. 9 (Paramaya) et T. G.," thus rejecting his Paramaya for Maja. Again in the last issue of his work, in 1819, de Haan publishes under " Errata in tabulis specierum," the following, " Tab. XXIV. fig. 4 : Maja (Paramaya) spinigera, n.; lege: M. (Maja) spinig." The right of an author to the privilege of errata published simultaneously with the error is conceded ; but he can not cancel names at a later date, even in a continuation of the same work, without violating Canon XXXV of the A. 0. U. Code, which says, "An author has no right to change or reject names of his own proposing, except in accordance with rules of nomenclature governing all naturalists, he having only the same right as other naturalists over the names he has himself prf)posed." Paramaya, therefore, was not obliterated by de Haan, but remained a synonym of Maja until to-day, when it must needs take the place of the older name. — Mary J. Rathbun. * Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XVII, p. 171, 1904. fSpolia Zeylaniea, II, pt. V, p. 2, April, 1904. ISyst. Anim. sans Vert., 154, 1801. General Notes. 75 to THE GENERIC NAME OF THE WILLET. For many years — since 1858. at least — the Willet has remained in undis- puted possession of the generic name S!/)»))Ju'»ila, proposed by Rafinesque in 1810 (Journal de Piiysique, LXXXVIII, p. 418), but overlooked by orni- thologists until 1845, when it was noticed by Hartlaub (Revue Zoologique, 1845, p. 342). This author, in some notes on genera omitted by Gray in his " List of Genera of Birds," mentioned Rafinesque's paper, citing the three genera of birds there diagnosed, liimcunplius, Helmitlierns^, and Sym- phemia (all on page 418), giving, however, merely a reference to the first page (p. 417) of Rafinesque's article. Of the last he wrote: " SymplLemia, Genre etabli par Rafinesque, I.e., pour le Scolojmx seimpalmatu, Gmel. espece bien connue et type du genre Catoplvophonis de Bonaparte (1828). M. Rafinesque a nomme cet oiseau S. atlnntica." Relying on Hartlaub's usual accuracj', subsequent authors accepted this statement (and erroneous page reference) without question, and Sympheinia has since figured as the proper generic name for the Willet. Turning now to Rafinesque's paper we find the following brief account of Symphemia : "Symphemia. Diff"6rent du genre Triiiga par bee cylindrique, doigts semi-palmes. Type T. semi- palmata que je nomme (S'. allantica. II y en a une autre espece en Ken- tucky qui peut se nommer S. melanura." That this diagnosis is not in- tended for the Willet is at once evident. The Willet, a long-legged bird, originally placed in theLinntean genus Scolopax, has never been referred to Tringa, and its bill is by no means cylindrical. What Rafinesque actually did was to erect the genus SympJtemia for Tringa semipahnafa Wilson, our present Ereunetes pusillus (Linnaeus), and as a natural sequence Symphemia must be reduced to a synonym of Ereunetes Illiger, 1811. Hence another name will be required for the Willet; and the earliest generic term for this bird appears to be Caioptrophorus Bonaparte (Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, II, Nov., 1827, p. 323), first introduced as a sub- genus of Totanus, in these words: " following the mania of the day, we have formed a new subgenus for the reception of this bird, which deserves the distinction quite as well, and better than a great many others." It is unfortunate that Billberg's short term Nea was not published until 1828 (Synopsis Faunae Scandinaviae, II, 1828, p. 155). Two species were included in this genus, viz: Scolopax glottis Linn., and S. scinijtalmata Gmelin. The former is the type of Glottis Koch, 1816, leaving the latter as typeof i\^ra. — Chas. W. Richmond. NOTE ON THE SYNONYMY OF H.EMATOSPIZA SIP A HI. In a recent note on this species (Novitates Zoologicae, XI, p. 45()), Mr. Hartert accepts as its proper name Hxmatospiza indica (Gmelin), based on Seba (I, pi. 60, fig. 4), and cites two synonyms not mentioned in the British Museum "Catalogue of Birds," viz.: Loxia indica Gmelin (1788), and L. boetonensis Latham (1790). To these may be added three others, all based on Seba, or on Brisson (ex Seba) : 76 General Notes. Loxia cristata J. R. Forster, Indische Zoologie, 1781, p. 41. Loxia butanensis J. R. Forster, Faunula Indica, 1795, p. 8. Loxia rubra Snckow, Anfangsgr. Naturgesch. Thiere, II, 2, 1801, p. 832. Loxia cristata Forster, 1781, being the oldest name for the species (assuming Seba's plate to be recognizable), Mr. Hartert would probably adopt it, but as it is twice preoccupied (Linnpeus 1758, Miiller 1776), the correct name ; according to the American Ornithologists' Union " Code," would be Hsema- ospiza indica (Gmelin). — Chas. W. Richmond. NEW GENERIC NAME FOR THE GIANT FULMAR. The generic name Ossifraga, given by Hombronand Jacquinot (Comptes Rendus, XVIII, 1844, p. 356) to Procellarm gigantea Gmelin, is antedated by Ossifraga N. Wood (Analyst, II, 1835, p. 305 ; VI, 1837, p. 244), applied to a very different group of birds. As the Giant Fulmar is thus bereft of its generic name, that of Macronectes may be suggested as an equivalent. — Chas. W. Richmond. NOTE ON A SPECIMEN OF PITHECOPHAGA .TEFFERYI OGILVIE-GRANT. The United States National Museum has recently received from Mr. Fletcher L. Keller, a hemp-planter of Davao, Mindanao, and an energetic member of the Philippine Scientific Association, a fine skin of the Philip- pine Monkey-eating Forest-Eagle, which Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant made known as PitJiecophaga jefferyi, a new genus and species, described in the Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, Vol. VI, No. XL, p. XVII, 1896, and subsequently figured and described in greater detail in the Ibis for 1897 (pp. 214-220, pi. V, and text figures 1-4). He speaks of it as " per- haps the most remarkable bird which has been discovered in the Philip- pines." Ml'. Ogilvie-Grant's specimen came from the island of Samar. He remarks: "The discovery of this mighty bird of ijrey is without doubt the most remarkable of Mr. Whitehead's achievements in the Philippine Is- lands. That so large a Raptor should have remained unknown till the present time only shows how easily these great Forest-Eagles may be over- looked." Resi)ecting the size of this specimen, which was a male, Mr. Ogilvie-Grant states : " Mr. Whitehead says that it weighed between 16 and 20 lbs." The bill of this species is characterized by extreme narrow- ness and very great depth ; and the high vaulted narial opening is also a peculiar character. The naked tarsi and feet resemble those of the Harpy Eagle although considerably weaker. The wings are short and the tail very long, which is just the reverse of the common Eagle of the Islands {Pontoa'fius leucogaster). Mr. Ogilvie-Grant says : " Strange as it ma}' seem, we have little doubt that the Harpy is the nearest known ally of the present species." In Sharpe's "Hand-List of the Genera and Species of Birds " (Vol. I, page 265), this bird is given a position between the Short-toed Eagles (Circaetus) and the Serpent-Eagles {Spilornis). (InirraJ XofrM. 77 PUhecophaga jffi'eryi is Btill among the rarest birds in museum collections. ^Ir. Keller's is the second sjiecimen to reach America, and makes the first authentic record for the island of Mindanao. I saw one in the Menage collection, at the Public Library, in Minneapolis, and one in Manila, and know of hut five preserved specimens. Mr. Keller's is a male (No. 192,382, U. S. National Museum), taken near Davao, Mindanao, P. I., Se{)tember3, 1004. It closely resembles the type; but broader shaft-stripes to the feathers give the head a darker color than that of the male described and figured by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant {Thh for 181)7, plate V). From the skin I took the following measurements: Length, 980 mm.; wing, 600 ; tail, 465; chord of culmen, 65; chord of culmen and cere, taken together, 78; cere, 21 ; depth of bill, 51 ; depth of culmen, 41 ; greatest width of culmen, 21 ; tarsus, length, 22; tarsus, circumference, 60; inner claw (chord), 49; mid- dle claw, 39; outer claw, 30; hind claw, 52; hind toe, without claw, 51 ; width of middle tail-feather, 98 ; length of longest occipital feather, 90. — Edgar A. Mearns. A NEW NAME FOR THE PEROMYSCUS NEBRACENSIS OF CERTAIN AUTHORS. The name Ilcsperumi/s vonoriensis var. ntbracensis was used first by Baird, who mentioned it without description in text under his Hesperomys leuco- piu (Mamm. N. Am., p. 462, 1857). It appears next in 1877, when Coues quotes the name in synonymy under Hesperomys leucopus sonoriensis. It remained a nomen nudum until 1890, when Mearns used it in connection with a full description and designated a specimen which he called his " type of diagnosis," No. 1200 Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., N. Y., from Calf Creek, Montana (See Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. II, pp. 285-287, Feb. 21, 1890). The name nebracensis will therefore date from Mearns, not from Baird, and the type of Mearns' diagnosis will be the type in fact. Authors subsequent to Mearns have frequently used the name nebracensis for a very small and bright colored mouse found in Western Nebraska and adjacent regions. It is a well known form, specimens of which are contained in most of our large museums, and doubtless is the form that Baird intended to name. It is however very different from the nebracensis of Mearns, which is much larger and darker and more closely related to the form later called subarc- tirus by Allen. The small bright colored form therefore needs a new name and may be called Peromyscus luteus. The type is No. jf ff f Biological Sur- vey Coll., U. S. National Museum, collected April 23, 1890, at Kennedy, Nebraska, by Vernon Bailey. Measurements of type : Total length, 152 ; tail vertebrae, 62 ; hind foot, 20. Color: Upperparts bright ochraceous buff very lightly mixed with dusky ; subauricular spots pure white, large, and conspicuous ; underparts pure white. — Wilfred H. Osgood. Vol. XVIII, pp. 79-82 February 21, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE APPARENTLY NEW ' SPECIES OF MAMMALS. BY D. G. ELLIOT, F. R. S. E., Etc. Canis pambasileus^ sp. nov. AUTOCRAT TIMBER WOLF. Ti/pe from Sushitna River, region of Mount McKinley, Alaska. No. 13,481, Field Columbian Mns., Chicago. Generiil characters. — Color from nearly uniform black to white and black in various mixtures. Skull : Size larger than those of timber wolves of Canada or United States ; ridge of sagittal and occipital crest nearly on a level with frontal and with only a very sHght descent at occiput and very deep at that point ; maxillae very broad and rounded posteriorly at junction with the frontals, much broader than in C. occidentalis ; nasals pointed posteriorly but considerably broader than those of southern timber wolves ; premaxillae extending considerably over one-half the length of the nasals, while in C. nccidentalh in some cases this bone does not reach over one third the length of the nasals and occasionally not even that length ; inter- temporal width considerable, with a deep median depression between the frontals ; the basisphenoid is very broad, and the postglenoid processes very wide and flattened ; the mandible is massive, heavy, very deep, and of nearly uniform height on horizontal portion, with the inferior outline nearly straight, very different from the curving outline of the mandible of C. ocridealalis ; the coronoid process is very broad, high, of nearly equal width throughout, and with the posterior outline nearly straight, not curv- ing like that of the southern species ; teeth in both jaws large and heavy, exceeding in size those of C. occidentalis in the same proportion as do the skulls. * ira/i/3a<7-r\ei)s — an absolute monarch. 12-Pkoc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (79) 80 Elliot — Three A^tpcirently Neiv Species of Mammals. Color. — Type: General hue of body, tail, legs and feet black ; the bases of the long hairs a smoky white, showing rather consincuously on the sides ," a pure white spot on the breast, and lower part of the abdomen, and large spots on the fore part of eliest behind fore legs grayish white; head and ears shining black ; tail l)lack, with few white hairs at tip; claws black. Other specimens are all black with very few grayish white hairs showing. From this sable hue, which in certain sections seems to be the prevailing one, the color varies in different mixtures of black and white to that in which the white is the prominent color with jet black lines on dorsal sin-- face and neck. The tail of this style is mostly white with black mixed in in places and with the tip black. Measurements. — Skull: Total length, 263 ; Hensel,233; zygomatic width, 143; intertemporal width, 64 ; lateral length of nasals, 97; median length, 85 ; width of rostrum at canines, 55.5 ; palatal length, 126 ; width of palate between sectorials at base, 64 ; length of upper tooth row, anterior edge of canine to posterior edge of last molar, 114; length of canine, 36; alveolar length of carnassials, 27; width of row of incisors at tips, 42 ; total length of mandible, 206 ; depth beneath carnassial, 32 ; height of coronoid process from lower edge of angle, 78 ; width of coronoid process at tip, 29. In a collection from the upper waters of the Sushitna River in the region of Mount McKinley were the skins and skulls of several wolves, remarkable for their large size and black color. While larger than any that I had previously seen from Alaska, the size would not alone have been deemed of consequence had it not been accompanied by the charac- ters that are apparently not to be found in the timber wolves of the countries to the south, and which make these animals worthy of being considered as belonging to a distinct form. The skulls when compared with those of C. occidentalis exliibit conspicuously the differences given in the description above, and the peculiar coloration of the various individuals may not easily be found among those of the allied species. Lutra periclyzomae* sp. nov. SEA-GIRT OR ISLAND OTTER. Ti/pe from Gawi, west coast of Moresby Id., Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. No. 491, Field Columbian Mus., Chicago. General characters. — Skull: Size large; intertemporal region long and narrow, greatly constricted for its entire length ; in young animals this con- striction is not so apparent. Rostrum short and very broad ; postorbital processes greatly elongated ; braincase without crests, rounded, and widest posteriorly; bullae small and flat, barely rising above the level of the basioccipital ; pterygoid fossa broad for its entire length, the sides nearly straight but widening gradually to tips of pterygoid processes where the * irepiKX^^ofjiai. — to be sea-girt. Elliot — Three Appareiitln Neu\ Species of Mammals. 81 width is greatest ; upper inolais very \nrge, the cusps on exterior side very hiirli and acute; last molar square-shaped, slightly widest on interior edge. Mfasnreinents. — Skull: Total length, 122 ; Hensel, 107; zygomatic width, SI ; intertemporal constriction, 20 ; width across postorbital processes, 40; width of rostrum at canines, 80.5 ; })alatal length, 55 ; length of ui)i)er tooth row, anterior edge of canine to posterior edge of last molar, 40 ; length of nasals, 17.5 ; total length of mandible, angle to tips of incisors, 76; length of lower tooth row, anterior edge of canine to posterior edge of last molar, alveolar border, 4(5 ; length of canine, 18 ; length of lower carnassial, 15. In a small collection of skulls presented to the Museum by Dr. C. F. New- combe from the Queen Charlotte Islands were three of otters. Comparing these with skulls of L. c. paclficn, rather striking differences are at once per- ceived, such as the unusually lengthened constriction of the intertemporal region, the smallness and flatness of the bullae ; the heavy wide rostrum and muzzle, and the large longcusped molars. The postorbital processes in the type project outward and backward like horns and the various dis- tinctive characters and comparative differences exhibited between the skull of this island animal and that of the mainland species indicate that they may not properly be considered as one and the same. It is evidently a large and powerful animal, possibly exceeding in size its near relative. The other skulls fi-om Queen Charlotte Island were those of Ursust rarlottae Osgood and Mustela nesophiia Osgood. Quio hylaeus* sp nov. MOUNT McKINr,EY WOLVERINE. Type from upper waters of Sushitna River, region of Mount McKinley, Alaska. No. 9883, Field Columbian Mus., Chicago. General characters. — Type: General color very dark ; no bufFhue on body, or gray on head anywhere visible. Skull compared with that of specimens from New Brunswick, Canada, is narrower, especially at intertemporal re- gion, also postorbital constriction and posterior region of braincase|; and the zygomatic width is less ; but the audital bullae are nearly twice as large, and swollen greatly on their inner margin, whereas those of the Canadian animal are much flattened and small in size. Color. — Head, throat, sides of neck and body, and base of tail chestnut ; hind part of neck, back, underparts, legs, and feet black ; chest spotted or blotched with white or orange, and orange spot on anal region ; nose darker chestnut than head ; tail, except at base, black. . Measurements. — Skull: Total length, 157 ; Hensel, 133; zj'gomatic width, 104; intertemporal width, 47 ; postorbital constriction, 32; palatal length, 75 ; greatest width of braincase, 67.5 ; mastoid width, 89; post-palatal length, 57 ; length of nasals, 21 ; length of upper premolar and molar series, 41 ; * v\a.ios — living in forests. 82 Elliot — 2%ree Apparently New Species of Mammals. length of mandible, 101 ; height of coronoid process above angle, 35 ; length of lower premolar and molar series, 54; length of lower carnassial alveolar border, 21. Six specimens before me from the Sushitna River and four specimens of G. liiscus from Canada exhibit the differences between the species as expressed in the above description. The type and two of the others, old individuals, are darker on the sides of the body than are the other three and this part in these specimens is a buffy chestnut ; but all have the dark heads which make them externally conspicuously different from the east- ern animal with its gray head and black muzzle, and cause the new^ form to be recognizable at a glance. The large bullae of the Alaskan animal will also readily distinguish the skulls. Vol. XVIII. pp. 83-90 February 21, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OK THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF EIGHT NEW PHILIPPINE BIRDS, WITH NOTES ON OTHER SPECIES NEW TO THE ISLANDS. BY EDGAR A. MEARNS. {Major and Surcieon, U. S. Army.) It is my intention to prepare, at an early date, a more ex- tended paper on the collection of 1,000 or more specimens of l)irds collected in the military department of Mindanao, Philip- pine Islands, liy myself and other members of the Philippine Scientific Association, during the years 1903 and 1904. At present I am obliged to restrict myself to describing eight new species and adding records of other species new to these islands, hi identifying the specimens thus far collected, comprising 216 species, I have received very great assistance from Dr. Charles \\'. Richmond of the Smithsonian Institution, and have also l)een lielped hy Mr. Harry C. Oljerholser, Mr. William Palmer, Mr. J. H. Riley, and Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, to each of whom I express my sincere thanks. Turnix suluensis sp. uov. SULU BUSTARD-QUAIL or HEMIPODE. Type No. l'.tl,4o8, U. S. National Museum. Adult female from Jolo, island of Siilu, P. I., November 25, 1903. Collected by Edgar A. INIearns (original number, 18,141). 13— Pkoc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (83) 84 Meariib — Descriptions of Eight Xeiv PhUippinc Birds. Of the five species of Tarnix known from the Phihppine Islands this one is most closely related to Turnix wliUeheadi, of Luzon, from which it may be distinguished by its larger size, and the general brown coloration of the upperparts, which are blackisli in T. mJiiteheadi, as well as by the absence of a well defined cervical collar. Adult female (type and only specimen). — General color of upperparts walnut brown, the feathers finely banded and vermiculated with gray and black ; top of head clove l)rown, the feathers almost imperceptibly edged with gray, divided by a median stripe of Isabella color extending from the base of the bill to the occiput ; sides of head and neck bufly white speckled with clove brown ; najie walnut brown, the feathers edged with gray ; mantle walnut brown, the feathers edged with gray, and vermiculated with black, gray, and traces of very pale cinnamon; lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts clove brown, the feathers narrowly edged with gray on the back and upper rumj), more broadly with cinnamon on the lower rump and upper tail-coverts; tail grayish drab, the feathers perceptibly cross-banded with wavy lines of dusky, edged with cinnamon on outer webs, with middle pair of feathers extending seven millimeters beyond the next i)air; scapulars and humerals conspicuously edged externally with golden buff and cinnamon ; primaries grayish drab, the two outer ones edged externally with wood brown ; secondaries darker drab, edged with cinnamon on the outer web ; greater wing-coverts cinnamon, drab at base, with a subterminal black spot on the outer web ; lesser wing-coverts cinnamon-rufous, edged with buff, with a subterminal black ocellus; chin, upper throat, and malar region, whitish, the last speckled with blackish brown; lower neck and upper breast clay color, bordered by a chain of oval black spots, the largest three millimeters in length ; lower breast and middle of belly whitish ; sides of lower neck, and sides of chest and breast, chestmit mixed with black and clay color; flanks light clay color; under tail-coverts darker clay color; lining of wings pale clay color and pale grayish drab. Length of skin, 120 ; wing, 6S ; tail, 31; culmen, 11.5; depth of bill at angle of gonys, 8.8; tarsus, 19.5. Muscadivora* langhornei sp. no v. . LANGHORNE'S FRUIT-PIGEON. Type No. 191,877, U. S. National Museum, from West Bolod Island (off Basilan), P. I., February 21, 1904. Adult male. Collected by Edgar A. Mearns. (Original number, 13,858.) This large Fruit-Pigeon is closely related to Muscadirora jnrkeringi (Cassin) from Mangsee Island, north of Borneo, on the west side of the Sulu Sea, of which the type (No. 15,732) is in the U. S. National Museum. The size is practically the same; but the color difl^iers as follows: General coloration paler. The vinous gray of the head and underparts is darker, the gray of *Dr. Richmond's MS. card catalogue of avian genera shows Carpopliaria Selby (1835) to he preoccupied by Carpnphnria Billberg (1S28) for a genus of Cuckoos. Schlegel, in "1864" (1872?), proposed Muscadivora as a substitute name for Carpophaga. The type, therefore, remains Colvmiba aenea Linnseus. Mearns — Descriptions of Eight New Philippine Birds. 85 lower hind neck extends farther (h)\vn on the mantle, the white around the t)nse of the bill and surrounding the eye is more extensive, the back and rump arc paler and less brownish gray, the wings are paler, grayer and less greenish, anil the under tail-coverts less reddish. Colors of xnft purls. — Iris purplish red; region of the nostrils dark plumb- eous; bill light plumbeous; naked eyelid deep vinaceous; bare space around eye plumbeous; feet vinaceous, flesh color on underside of toes ; claws plumbeous. Measureinoils of llircc adult nudes from West Bolod Island (topotypes). — Length, 45t), 4ofi, 4(50 ; alar expanse, 770, 760, 770; wing, 242, 242, 243 ; tail, 180, 180, 17S; culmen, 19,21, 19; tarsus, 30, 31, 32; middle toe and claw, 48, 49, 45. Geographic range. — East Bolod and West Bolod islands, otf Basilan Island, P. I. Caprimulgus affinis mindanensis subsp. nov. MINU.VNAO NIGHTJAR. Ti/pe No. 190,o9(), U. S. National Museum. Adult male from Malabang, southern ^lindanao, P. I., October 18, 1903. Collected by Edgar A. Mearns. (Original number, 13,071.) The Nightjar of Java (Caprimulgus affinis Horsfield) is a wide-ranging island species, subject to considerable variation in the different islands which it inhabits. The present form and C. grisealus G. R. Gray are the most divergent from the typical form, and their status as species, or as subspecies, will depend upon the point of view of different authors respect- ing divergent island forms. I am disposed to regard them as races of a common species. Adult male. — Similar to Caprimulgus affinis affinis, but differing as follows : General coloration darker. Upperparts hair brown, finely vermiculated and dotted with clove brown, light gray, and black; scapulars marked with Ijroken spots of cinnamon ; first four primaries banded across their middle with pure white except the outer web of the first primary, this band vary- ing from 12 to 24 millimeters in width on the different feathers, widest on the fourth ; outer tail-feather white only on the terminal half, the basal half being cinnamon, clouded and irregularly cross-banded with brownish black, and the tips of both webs clouded with brownish black ; second feather similar, but with much less of the dusky clouding at tip; lower abdomen and thigh-coverts cross-banded with pale sepia brown ; under tail-coverts and anal region buff, without cross-bands; upperthird of tarsus feathered. Total length of skin, 205; wing, 163; tail, 100; culmen, 8; tarsus, 19. Individuals vary greatly in the charac;ter and size of the punctate and vermiculate markings of the upper surface. The vague black cross-bands of the middle pair of tail-feathers are somewhat V-shaped (open apically), numbering about eight. In true a[linis, adult males have the outer tail-feather all white, and the lower abdomen, thigh-coverts, and under tail-coverts "uniform pale fulvous 86 Mearns — Descriptions of Eight Ncin Philippine Birds. buff." In C. affi,7iif( f/riscatii.^ tlie bars are spread over tbe wliole of tlie lower abdomen, thighs, and lower tail-coverts, and the color is more grayish rufescent than in C. affivis mludanensift, which appears to be closest to the form of ('. affinis inhabiting the Celebes. Phyllergates heterolgemus sp. nov. MOUNT APO TAILORBIRD-WARBLER. Type.—N'o. 192,258, U. S. National Museum, from Mount Apo, at (i,700 feet altitude, Mindanao, P. I., June 21, 1904. Sex not determined. Col- lected by Edgar A. Mearns. (Oiiginal number, lr],550.) Description qfadall {ti/ix'). — Whole toj) and sides of head cinnamon-rufous; chin, throat, and sides of neck cinnamon ; upperparts olive-green, yellower on upper tail-coverts ; upper wing-coverts and wing-quills brownish black, edged with olive-green on outer webs ; tail-feathers drab, edged with olive- green; breast and belly canary yellow ; thighs and crissum olive-yellow; axillars and under wing-coverts yellow; quills edged with white on inner webs. Iris brown ; bill with maxilla brown, mandible yellow tipped with red; feet pale yellowish brown. Length, 121 ; alar expanse, 150; wing, 50; tail, 47 ; culmen, 14 ; tarsus, 21 ; middle toe with claw, lo.5. This bird was shot in Imshes, and was the only one of its kind seen. Cephalophoneus suluensis sp. nov. SULU LONG-TAILED SHRIKE. Ti/pr No. 191,895, U. 8. National .Museum. Adult male, from Bual, Sulu Island, P. I., February 21, 1904. Collected by Edgar A. Mearns. (Original number, 13,855.) In size and color pattern this species closely resembles LimiuK nasuius Scopoli, from which it may be distinguished by the pale color of the scapulars, back, and rump, as well as by the pinkish vinaceous color of the al)domen. jb/((// (y^r//^' (two specimens). — Whole top and sides of neck, and hind neck, black; mantle gray (No. 10, Ridgway), fading to pale cream-butf on back; scapulars pale cream buff, broadly bordered with white; rump and upper tail-coverts pinkish buff; primaries black, with an exposed spot of white formed l)y white bands crossing the external webs of third to sev- enth primaries opposite the end of the bastai'd wing; secondaries black, tipped and edged externally with white; tail black, with outer feathers gray at base, tipped with grayish white ; chin, throat, bi-east, thighs, axil- lars, and lining of wings pure white; sides buff; abdomen pinkish vina- ceous; under tail-coverts buffy wliite. Length (of skin), 240; wing, 95 ; tail, 135 ; culmen, 17 ; depth of bill at angle of gonys, 8.7 ; tarsus, 28. Hyloterpe apoensis sp. nov. MOUNT APO THICK-HEAD. Pbe' a-oi'-toi (Bugoho). Tape No. 192,247, U. S. National Museum, from Mount Apo at 6,000 feet altitude, Mindanao, P. I., June 20, 1904. Adult male. Collected by Edgar A. Mearns. (Original number, 13,538.) Mcanis — f)cs'ri'ptl()ni< of K'njlit Xnr Philiiipinr BmJx. 87 'I'liis Tliick-hcad is most closely ri'l;il(liiliijii)i< axis Wjildeii, iVom wiiii'li it iiuiy iu' (listiii,t.niisli('il by its i^rcator si/.e (wiii^rSo ill ;'ainst 10.5), imich deeper yellow uinliTparts (It'inoii yellow instead of eaiiary yellow), restriction of the pale ilrah-uray lo the cliin and upper throat, yellowish instead of whitish wing-lining^, and brighter olive-green of the inanlle. Adull mail' and f em a' e (eight specimens). — Sexes alike, except that males are slightly larger than females, and, perhaps, have- the top of the liead a little grave)-. Top of head brownish gray, tinged with olive-yellow on the occMpnt ; sides of head (exce|)t ear-coverts), lores, eye-ring, and feathers l)ordeiing the maxilla smoky drab; ear-coverts broccoli brown; mantle olive-green ; ramp and uf^per tail-coverts yellowish olive-green ; tlanks olive green, the feathers tipped with yellow; wing-quills brownish black, most of the feathers edged with olive-green on outer web ; tail-feathers dusky olive-green ; chin and upper throat pale ashy, with darker shaft- streaks to the feathers ; rest of underpaits lemon yellow with a perceptible wash of olive-green on chest and sides ; edge of wing, axillars, and lining of wings pale yellow. Iris brown ; bill black ; feet and claws i)lumbeous in males, fleshy gray in females. Mcdxiimiiaits of adnllt^. — Four adult males: Length (fresh), 170, 170, 170, 1 70 ; alar expanse, 280, 289, 267, 202 ; wing, 85, 92, 84, 85 ; tail, 75, 7S, 72, 72 ; bill, measured from anterior margin of nostril, 9.5, 9, 10, 9.5; culmeii, 13.5, i:;.;'., 1:5.8, 14.5; tarsus, 19, 19, 20, 19 ; middle toe with its claw, 10, 10, 17, 10. Four adult females: length, 170, 171, 170, 106; alar expanse, 209, 200. 203, 205 ; wing, 85, 84, 84, 83 ; tail, 72, 70, 70, 09 ; bill, measured from an- terior margin of nostril, 10, 9, 9.5, 9.5 ; culmen, 13.5, 14.3, 14.5, 15 ; tarsus, 19, 20, 18, 20 ; middle toe with claw, 18.5, 17, 15, 17. First phimage (No. 192,249, U. S. National Museum, from Mount Apo at 0,000 feet altitude, June 25, 1904). Diflerent from adult. Top of head sepia brown ; Ijack, rump, scapulars, and upper wing-coverts burnt umber washed with green ; upper tail-coverts olive-green ; quills dusky grayish brown, the primaries edged externally with olive-green, the secondaries washed with burnt umber; tail olive-green; under tnil-coverts brownish 3'ellow; Hanks olive-green, the feathers tipped with olive-yellow; chin and upper throat whitish; lower throat, breast, belly, and sides cinnamon-fawn; lining of wings yellow. The note of this young bird, when calling its parent, was like that of a newly-hatched chicken. Dicseum davao sp. nov. BLACK-CHESTED FLOWER-PECKER. Tape No. 192,054, U. S. National Museum, from Cottabato, on the Rio Grande of southern Mindanao, P. I., ^March 3, 1904. Adult male. Col- lected by Edgar A. Mearns. (Original number, 13,399.) Adnit iiikIc (two specimens). Entire uj^perparts glossy metallic black with green and blue reflections ; wing-quills and tail-feathers blue-glossed ; sides of head, neck, and chest, dull black ; chin and throat yellowish white ; 88 Mearns — Descriptions of Eight N'eio Philippine Birds. chest crossed by a narrow black band that extends backward in the median line to the abdomen ; belly and under tail-coverts pale brovvnis^li yellow ; sides olive-green shading to black anteriorly ; axillars and lining of wings white ; inner web of quills edged with white at base ; edge of wing black finely dotted with white. Total length of skin, 75; wing, 45; tail, 25 ; culmen, 9.5 ; tarsus, 10.5. Lamprocorax todayensis sp. nov. MOUNT APO GLOSSY STARLING. KuhUee'-pn (Bagobos of Todaya). Type No. 192. S02, U. S. National Museum, from Todaya, on Mount Apo at 4,000 feet altitude, July 11, 1904. Adult female. Collected by Edgar A. Mearns. (Original number, 13,687.) This small sjiecies of Glossy Starling was abundant in the higl) forest above the Bagobo village of Todaya, where small flocks flew with great speed above the treetops, only alighting on the highest dry branches, where they were with difficulty reached by shot. Alin'-dre, my Bagobo hunter, shot several of them ; but I laid them aside, supposing them to be Lcnuprocorax pauayeiisis, and they were finally thrown away spoiled. Description of iyj)e (female). — Similar to L. panai/erifiis, hut much smaller, and otherwise differing as follows: The feathers of the nape and lower throat are more rigid and, perhaps, relatively longer. Viewed in (certain Hghts the plumage is less golden green, the gloss being purplish blue; the wings and tail are dull purplish black, without metallic gloss; and the throat is more decidedly glossed with violet-purple. Length of skin, 157; wing, 95 ; tail, 59; culmen, 13.5; l)ill from anterior border of nostril, 10 ; depth of bill at nostrils, 6 ; tarsus, 19. The following-named forms, eleven of which have heen previ- ously described, have proved to be new to science: Tiirnix suluensis. Ml ( scadivora In } / ghor net. Ccqmmidgus affinls inindanensis. Musclcapida montigena . Gerygone rhizophorse. Leonardina * woodi. Pseud othai rl la lens griseipectus . Macronous mindanensis montanus. Brachypteryx mindanensis . Merida helleri. *The generic name Leonardia proposed by me for this genus, on page 1 of this vol- ume, is preoccupied hy Leonardia Tappakgne-Canefki, Ann. Mus. Civ. Geneva, ser. 2, Vol. VII, 1890, p. 332, for a genus of marine slugs, and is here changed to Leonardina. Mfdrii--^ — Dc-^criptioiiH of Eight Xew Philippine Birds. 89 Phj/Ucrgates hetcrohnn us. Cephalophoiicus sulKcnsis. Hylotcrpe apocnsis . PardaJiparvs elega ».s' tiriiuJa nrnsis. Dicfeum darao. jEthopyga holtoni. Cyrtostomvs dinagateihsis . Anthirptes cagayenends . Lamprocorax t.ofhii/cnsis . Tlie following-named species shonli I l>c added to the catalogue of Philippine Vnrds, hy ^^V»l•(■(^st(M• and lV)nrns, pnl)lished in 18V)8 * : Limonites minutus (Leisler). LITTLE STINT. I collected an adult male (No. 191,416, U. S. National Museum) of this stint at Zamboanga, Mindanao, P. I., December 17, 1903. Hydralector gallinaceus (Tennninck). COMB-CRESTED JACANA. Pah-pan-ook' (Moros of the Rio Grande Valley). Tliis is an abundant species of the Rio Grande Valley of southern Mindanao. I collected a female specimen (No. 191,917, U. S. National .Museum) on the Buluan River, connecting lakes Buluan and Liguasan, Mindanao, P. I., May 27, 1904. Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus). GLOSSY IBIS. Great numbers of glossy ibises frequent the lakes and rivers of Min- danao. A female (No. 192,079, U. S. National Museum) was shot by Cap- tain William D. Davis, 17th Infantry, TJ. S. Army, on an estuary near Seran- aya, Rio Grande Valley, Mindanao, P. I., March 14, 1904. Captain Frank R. McCoy also brought me a specimen which I did not preserve. There is a mounted specimen in the Jesuit Museum, at Manila. Merodias timoriensis (Cuvier). AUSTRALIAN WHITE EGRET. Captain Frank R. ^NlcCoy shot a specimen (No. 192,074, U. S. National Museum) at Varicella, Upper Agusan River, Mindanao, P. I., May 9, 1904 ; * Contributions to Philippine Ornithology, Part I.— A List of the Birds known to inhabit the Philippine and Palawan Islands, showing their distribution within the limits of the two groups, Proc. U. S. Sal. ilus., Vol. XX, No. 1134, 1898, pp. 54'J to 62.5, with maps. DO Mearns — Descriptions of Eight Neiv Philippine Birds. and olliers were seen on the Agusan and Rio Grande rivers. In the speci- men taken the iris was pale yellow, almost white; hill yellow; legs and feet pnrplisli hlack. The following measurements were taken from the skin: Wing, 3o0 mm.; tail, 140; culmen, 98; middle toe and daw, 97; tarsus, 141 ; bare portion of tibia, 94. Loriculus galgulus (Linnseus). BLUE-CROWNED LORIKEET. I obtained a pair of these birds alive, on the island of Cagayan Sulu, P. I., February 2(), 1904. The female escai)ed at Zamboanga, Mindanao ; but the male (No. 191,871, U. S. National Museum) was presei'ved. Collocalia francica inexpectata (Hume). ANDAMAN ISLANDS SWIFTLET. I collected four si)ei'irnenH (Nos. 191,886-9, U. S. National Museum) of this swiftlet oil the island of Cagayan >Sulu, P. I., February 26, 1904. It was very abundant about the mountain clifls of the island. Hirundo rustica rustica Linnaius. COMMON SWALLOW. I obtained a typical s))eciinen (No. 190,261, U. S. National Museum) at Pantar, ^Mindanao, P. I., September 9, 1903. My series of swallows from Mindanao shows intergra(hition l)etween the subspecies ru.'y Eigenmann and Eigenuuinn is based upon the descriptions by previous authors and a few specimens of Cydopium cydopum in tlie Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, which we also have been privileged to re-examine, through the kindness of Prof. Samuel Garman. Eigenmann and Eigenmann include three genera in the Argidas, which they separate as follows : a. Adipose fin a long, low fold of skin which gradually merges into the dorsal profile anteriorly and posteriorly ; lower lip very broad. Arges. aa. Adipose fin short, with a spine placed near the tail. Cydopium. aaa. Adipose and ventral fins wanting. Aatroblepus. Under the genus Arges, they place Arges sabalo of all previous writers ; Brontes prenadilla Cuvier & Valenciennes ; Arges pre- nadilla, Steindachner ; Arges hrachycephalus Giinther ; Arges longifilis Steindachner ; and Arges peruanus Steindachner. In the genus Cydojyium are the one form which has borne the various names, Plmelodm cydopum Humboldt ; Stygogenes cydopum, Giinther; Cydopium. cydopum, Putnam; Cydopium humboldtii Swainson ; Stygogenes humboldtii, Giinther ; and the additional species, Stygogenes guentheri Boulenger. Evermann and Kendall — Fish from Central Ecuador. &3 The third genus eontaiiis l)iit one species, Adrohlepvs grixalvii HiinihohU. The genus Anjoi was erected h^' Cuvier and Vah'neiennes* to inckide those species having hifid teeth and a "long, low adipose fin . " It was distinguislie(l from Brontes l)y the latter's ha\dng no adipose tin. Tlie tirst included Arf/fs s subfamily Argiina3 from the other su))- families of the Loricariida*, and which, as suggested hy Dr. Gill, and according to our own view, are sufficient to establish a well marked family : Teeth in jaws in more than one series ; no j)seudobranchia' ; body naked, no l^ony plates or scutes ; rudimentary ray of ventral present, representt'd b.y a small internal round plate ; stronger ribs ; neural and ha3mal spines some\vliat less expanded; pterj'goid small, instead of large and not connected with the prefrontal ; clavicle and coracoids running somewhat forward to their symphyses instead of the lower portions lying trans- versely between the bases of the pectorals. In this suljfamily, as he regards it, Regan recognizes only one genus, Arges, substituting Cuvier & Valenciennes's name for Swainson's Gydopkvm for the folloAving reason which he gives in a footnote on page o07 (1. c.) : Swainson established the genus in these words : "^The third genus is that by which we distinguisli the Pirit/'lodus cydopum of Humboldt {Ci/clo- p'min hiunholdlli Sw.)." His generic name being derived from the genitive plural of Cyclopn, is as inadmissible as would be that of S'durorum. While most American zoologists regard as very objectionaljle the use in generic nomenclature of the genitive plural form of a substantive, they do not hesitate^ to accept sucli words when once used, retaining the original spelling. Any other practice tends away from stability of nomenclature. But ^^'hatever A'iew one may hold regarding this matter, Mr. Regan's contention does not hold in the case under consideration. Cydopium is not the genitive plural of Cydops, as he imagines, but the neuter form of the adjective cydopius. The only character that separates the genera Arges and Cydo- pium is the presence of a spine in the location of the " adipose fin " of the latter. That this spine may have been easily over- looked in other specimens, since it is so often concealed under the skin in ours, is evident. Bj^ an examination of specimens of the species of Arges, it is possil)le that a spine may be found. This character is therefore of doubtful value. Regarding Astrohlejms, it remains to be said that, for the same Evermanv (uul Kenrhdl — Fish from Central Ecuador. 97 reason, the absence of an adipose fin in that genus is of no im- portance and the only (hstinctivc cluiracter is tlie very improb- able absence of ventral lins. Regarding this genus Regan remarks that it is allied to Arges, (lifTt'ring only in the absence of ventral fins; that it is possible tliat tins feature is ainiormal or accidental and that the genus may be founded on a specimen of Arges hracJii/rephalvs or an allied species. Astrohlepus grixalvii is known only from the very imperfect description and monstrous figure of Humboldt ; and it probably never will be found so long as one of this group without ventral fins is looked for. It is not improbable that Cydojyimn guentheri, occurring in the same river basin in which the Astrohlepus was found common enough to l;)e used as food by the inhalntants is identical with it. Huml:)oldt says regarding it : Tlie Fescado negro, which is largely eaten at Popayan, is not found in that part of the Cauca River which is nearest the city. The physical cause of this phenomenon is quite remarkable. A river impregnated with sulphuric acid descends from the volcano of Purace to which the inhabitants give the name of Vinegar River. It is known by the beautiful cascade which it makes at the foot of the volcano. From the point where the waters of the Vinegar River mingle with those of the Cauca River, as far as four miles farther down, the latter is without fish, although in its uppei- part the fish are quite abundant. Small quantities of the acitl, which were taken for our chemical analyses, are often considerable enough to injure the organization of fishes. Regan recognizes nineteen species of Arges, to eight of which he gives new names. Of the eight supposed new species four are founded on forms which had been regarded as known species. Arges hoidengeri is based on Stygogeneshumboldtii of Boulenger, Ijut not of Swainson . Arges eigenmanni is the Cycloplum cydojmm of Putnam, and Eigenmann and Eigenmann (not P. ryclopum Huml)oldt). Arges cyclopum is redescribed from four specimens from some unknown locality. Arges vaUlanti is based on a single specimen sent from the Paris Museum as Brontes prena- dllla. Arges fissidens is founded on a part of Boulenger' s Arges whymperi (two specimens). There is a key to the species the main divisions of which are based on the character of the adipose fin. The other divisions are based on extent of ventrals and pectorals, character of teeth, position of ventral, etc. Among our specimens there are indi- 98 Evermann and Kendall — Fish from Central Ecuador. \dduals which fall respectively into several of his main categories, excepting that of a well developed adipose fin without trace of spine. In other words, judging by the principal di\dsions alone, we have A. clycopum, eigenmanni, prenadilla and Jissidens. They do not agree, however, in some other points, which, if given consideration, prevent us from identifying our specimens with any of his species. There is no doubt of the specific identity of our specimens. The differences are mostly due to age, size and sex. The adipose fin, as we have shown before, is of doubtful value, and of no vahie whatever in the species to which we have just called attention. The development of the spine may be of value in larger specimens ])ut in one of two small specimens we have there is a long spine connected pos- teriorly with the caudal peduncle and in the other there is in addition to the spine a long, moderately developed adipose fin. Most of the other spines are small, just visible, imbedded in the skin and appearing only as tubercles or not at all apparent. In the males, as already remarked, the ventrals are inserted farther forward than in the females ; therefore, comparison of extent of pectorals with ventrals or ventnils with proximity to vent is of no value. In fact, there is such a range of variation in these characters, regarded by Regan as showing specific dif- ferences, that there arises a serious distrust of the value of any of them for that purpose. Regan had the advantage of material representing more species and localities than we have, but in view of the foregoing fact the suggestion offers itself that unless there are other grounds for separation, the five alleged Peru^aan species may be, if not all one, certainly not more than two species at greatest. Regan's figures of the various species show more dissimilari- ties than do his descriptions, Ijut even the figures, taken in conjunction with the variations in our specimens, indicate that homodon and guentheri are possibly the two sexes of the same species. Among the Ecuador species, one of the Atlantic slope forms, A. festse, is clearly a distinct species, as shown by the elongate nasal barbel. There seems hardly ground for identifying Madame Ida Pfeiffer's specimens as A. cyclopum and estalilishing a new species on individuals that agree more closely with the original description and plate than the others do. Arges whymperi and Evermaiin and Kendall — Fish from Central Ecuador 99 fissidenf< liavc Imt little left l>y whidi to distinguiyli tlu'in aiul tlu' yainc may 1k' said of xnhido, taczanowskii, vaillaidl ami prenadilla . Since thc> male examples of our specimens agree with all that has l)een said of Arycs prenadilUi, and tlie females equally as well with Ciidopiutii riichipinti, we are forced to unite these two ft)rms in the genus and species Cf/clopium cyrlopiiw, which will ineludt' .4. eif/cnmaiini and perhaps tvhi/mperi of Uegaii. There is nothing in the laws of nature, so far as we know, to prevent the existence of a number of genera and species of this group of tislies ; l)ut the indications derivable from the literature and material at hand are tliat the number may be still further reduced as a result of more extended investigations, and there may l)e but t)ne genus, Astrohlepiix, to include all the nominal species. The following description of Cyclopium ri/rlnpHin is based on two individuals, female and male, each about 3.12 inches in length, in the collection sent us by Dr. Da^^s : Figs. 1 and la. -Cyclopium cydopum, female. Female.— Yiead 4.1 8 in length to base of caudal ; D. 7 ; A. 7 ; P. 10 ; V. 5 ; C. 18. Body rather robust, somewhat depressed anteriorly and compressed posteriorly; a thick fleshy fold or ridge (after months in alcohol), some- what arched, extending from a short distance back of dorsal to base of upper ray of caudal, with a small rough, nearly concealed, spine posteriorly ; skin rather loose and wrinkled, full of fine mucous pores posteriorly to dorsal, coarser in front; first dorsal, outer pectoral and 100 Evermann and Kendall — Fish from Central Ecuador. ventral and upper and lower caudal rays slightly produced ; ventral some- what rounded ; first or outer rays of all fins spinuliferous ; longest ray of pectoral just reaching base of outer ray of ventral ; insertion of ventral about under middle of dorsal ; ventral reaching slightly beyond vent but not to anal ; head ratlier broad and depressed ; gill-openings reaching below base of pectoral, membranes broadly attached to isthmus; gills 4, no slit or pore behind the last; cheeks tumid; eyes minute, vertical, covered by the common outer skin and situated about midway between nostrils and upper angle of opercle; interorbital space about equaling distance from posterior edge of nostril to eye ; barbel reaching somewhat l)eyond cheek ; nasal openings sejjarated by an irregular triangular flap; mouth opening inferior ; upper lij) thick, plicate and papulose; lower lip expanded, papulose, with median suture connected by the skin, posterior margin rounded, slightly notched ; teeth in several rows in each jaw ; upper teeth sim{)le, somewhat curved, conical, some of them somewhat expanded at end, teeth of inner rows all bifid; lower jaw bones separate, connected only by the membrane; teeth all l>ifid, situated only at the expanded inner ends of the bones. Color, olive-gray, thickly clouded with darker; fins all barred witli dark gray. /7y2a Figs. 2 and 2a. — Cyclopium cyclopum, male. M'lte.— Head 4 28 in length to base of caudal; D. 7 ; A. 6; P. 10 ; V. 5 C. lo. Body rather slender, diff'ering remarkably in appearance from the female; more depressed anteriorly and more compressed posteriorly; posterior dorsal fold not so noticeable, barely evident; spine hardly dis- tinguishable through the skin ; pores on anterior part of body coarser than in the female ; outer ventral and lower caudal ray, somewhat more produced; the first rays of all fins spinuliferous; pectoral reaching beyond base of ventral ; ventral inserted under or slightly in advance of front of dorsal, not reaching vent; head much flatter and somewhat broader than in female. Color, similar to female but much darker. Sexes otherwise readily distinguishable by the long papilla just posterior to the vent in the male, probably serving as an intromittent organ ; this organ somewhat Evermann and Kniddll — Fish from Centnd Enindoi 101 distant from llu' front of anal but apparently representing the 7th ray w liicli is always pre.senl in the females and absent from the (in proper in the males. These females contain ovaries with lather large but still im- mature ova. There are several yning individuals in our eollection. The smallest of these is a trifle more than 1 inch in total length and lias the dorsal fold conspicuous and thin and the posterior dorsal spine not concealed but com]Kiratively long and spinuliferous. The color now is plain light brown. Tahi.k of Proportional Measurk.mknts of Specimens of Ci/dopiiun cydopuin. Locality. P almira Pass. Alausi River. Nundjer of specimen 1 ^ 3 4 5 6 7 8 Hex 9 9 9 9 9 & 9 J> Total length in inches 3.20 2.56 2.72 2.40 2.60 3.20 3.32 2.92 Head in leuirth without tail 4.18 4.31 4.14 3.70 4.00 4.28 3.88 3.86 Depth " " " " 5.58 5.20 5.04 5.00 4.90 7.61 5.00 5.27 Width of head in length of head 1.08 1.11 1.07 1.22 1.17 1.08 1.05 1.03 ^Maxillary barbel in head 2.46 2.41 2.00 2.73 2.00 2.00 1.89 1.85 Interorbital width in head 3.55 3.62 3.50 3.85 3.85 4.00 4.00 3.75 Distance from D. to C. in lengtli without tail 2.03 2.08 2.14 2.00 2.03 1.67 2.18 2.07 Distance from mouth to 1). in length without tail 2.68 2.71 2.52 2.50 2.76 2.58 2.59 2.41 Longest dorsal rav in head 1.52 1.45 L55 1.58 1.50 1.52 1.38 1.42 Longest anal "" " " 1.77 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.68 2.00 1 .SO 1.87 Longest pectoral " " " 1.18 1.20 1.07 1.12 1.22 1.23 1.13 1.07 Longest ventral " " " * a o a c a b b c * a. slightly longer ; b. slightly shorter ; c. same length. The fin formulas are as follows : D. 7 (9 in No. 4) ; A. 6 in d^, 7 in 9 ; P. 10 ; V. 5 ; C. 13 (11 in No. 8 and 12 in No. 9). Size and Distribution. In th(> Riverside Natural Hist(^ry, page 114, it is stated that — The five oi' six known species of Argidte reach a length of 2 or 3 inches only, and inhabit the ponds and springs of the upper Andes on the Peru- vian or Pacific slope, where they take the place occupied by the Lorica- riidse on the Atlantic side. Ill this statement there are two errors. First, regarding the size; the tj'pe of Arges snbato was alxmt 21 cm. or ahout 8.25 inches long, and Steindachner mentions examples 11 to 32 em. long (ahout 4.4 to nearly 13 inches); and Astrohleptis grixalvii, 102 Evermann and Kendall — Fish from Central Ecuador. Humboldt says reaches a length of 14 inches. According to Steindachner, Arges longifilis ranges from 9.5 to 18 cm. (about 3.8 to 7.2 inches). The other species of Arges and of Cyclopium are small . Regarding the restriction of the species to the Pacific slope of Peru, it may l)e said that most of the recorded localities in which tlie different species of Arges and Cydopvum have been ol)tained, are in the Atlantic drainage. Regan places all of the species of the genus Arges excepting ri/rlopvm, 'whi/mperi, eigeiiinaniii, clwUx', and smovsil in the Atlantic drainage, the exceptions occurring only in the west coast streams of Peru and Ecuador. Orton's specimens, which Putnam identified as G. cyclopimi and which Regan says are the same as his Arges eigenmaiDii are from lK)th drainages in Ecuador. Stygogenes Jiiiniholdtl Giinther is from the Amazon basin in Ecuador. Brontes prenadilla Cuvier & Valenciennes is from the east slope of Cotopaxi. Our specimcnis are from l)oth slopes of the Andes of Ecuador. Of the nineteen nominal species recognized l)y Regan, four are exclusively of the west coast drainage, two at least are common to Ijoth slopes, and the remainder restricted to the Atlantic drainage. Habits. For the following interesting account of the habits of these fishes we are indel)ted to Dr. Davis: The specimens from Alausi River were found in a bight made by deviating the channel for purposes of railway construction. The stream at the point mentioned has a fall of about 200 feet to the mile, and an ele- vation above the sea of 9,400 feet. The water of the Alausi River reaches the Pacific Ocean via the Guayas River. The specimens from Palmira Pass or Desert were taken from small brooks flowing through deep channels cut in the volcanic deposits of which the desert is largely composed, and were found in some instances at the very sources of some of the rivulets, where the water seeps, spring- like, from under the vertical walls of volcanic dust. These streams finally reach the Atlantic through the Amazon River. The elevation of these waters is about 10,500 feet and a strip of desert about 2 miles wide, and perhaps 200 feet vertically, is all that intervenes between the headwaters of streams on the Atlantic slope and the Alausi which does not come from the desert but flows past its southern approacli and to the Pacific. The fish usually remain quietly on the creek bottom, sometimes in eight but preferably under stones, aquatic plants or overhanging banks. They are quiet unless disturbed, when they are active in getting out of Evermanv and KeiulaJJ — Fish from Central Ecuador. 103 sight. In captivity, as when under observation in a wash basin they make use, after a while of their organ of locomotion, by climbing up the side of the dish, out of the water, and shoving tluMiiselves along on the shelf or the floor. They appear not to sutler as other fishes do when out of water, as I have found them on the floor some hours after having left the water, judging from lack of moist traces of their progress, quite active and shoving themselves along by the aid of their sucker-mouth and the organ of locomo- tion. This is a bony plate under the skin of the belly, freely movable for J inch to 4 inch to which are attached 2 pairs of cord-like muscles, one pair passing forward to near the junction of head and one pair endingjust forward of the anal orifice. On eacli side of this plate is attached a ventral fin moving with the plate and having its chief bone finely tuberculated, the minute points of which tubercles, being directed backward, aid in locomo- tion by engaging the surface over which the fish travels. The fish appears to be able to move over the ground or other surface in 2 ways, one when the mouth is fixed and the body brought forward by being arched, when the mouth is loosed and the head advanced; the second as when the roughened fin-bones act as a fixed point, the body being shoved forward by a jerky motion by the contraction of the posterior pair of nmscles, when the fins are then hauled forward by the anterior pair of muscles to repeat the act. The food of this fish may be known by an examination of the stomach contents and is determined naturally by the sort of supply furnished by the locality of capture. Those from the quiet water of the bight of the Alausi contained grains of sand, portions of aquatic plants, about a dozen different forms of diatoms, and bunches of booklets, smooth and toothed, the origin of which I do not know. The stomachs of the fish from the desert are stuffed with insect larvae of various sorts, the same being very plentiful in those streams. I found no diatoms in these specimens. In connection with the foregoing sketch l)y Dr. Davis, of his observations in Ecuador, tlie following account by Humboldt of the same region and fish may be of interest. Cuvier and Va- lenciennes quote freely from it and add effusively to Humboldt's description of the very remarkable phenomenon, the absurdity of which must be apparent to every one. If is probably a fact that the fish have appeared on the plains below the volcanoes after an eruption, but it is, of course, unnecessary to explain that they probably were washed there by the freshets of the mountain streams caused by the volcanic or seismic disturbances. Humboldt say's : The volcanoes of the province of Quito eject pumice, basalt and porphy- ritic scorite, and great quantities of carburetted water, and clay mud, which spread to a distance of 8 or 10 miles. Yet the volcanoes of the district of 104 Erermnmi arallel and straight in the apical half. The inferior ajipendage is simple, npcnrved, and two-fifths shorter than the snperinrs. Two males, Ypiraiiga, Brazil, March 25, 1898, Adolph Hempel, collector. Fig. 1.— Wings and appendages of Edonis helena. a I, anterior lamina viewed from below ; /(, hamule, in situ, viewed from the side ; g I, genital lobe ; v, vesicle ; t, terminal segments of the abdomen. Vol. XVIII, pp. 117-120 April 18, 1905 PROCEEDINGS (IF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON L SOME NEW HOMOPTERA FROM THE SOUTH AND SOUTHWEST. BY ELMER D. BALL. In working over material for the Biologia the author has been constantly handicapped by our lack of knowledge of the forms occurring in the extreme South and Southwest. Through the activity of two exceptional collectors, Mrs. Annie Trumbull Slosson, in Florida, and Prof. F. H. Snow, in Arizona, our knowledge of the fauna of these regions is being greatly increased. Some of the interesting material they have gathered has been worked out and is described below. CEcleus snowi t^p. iiov. Form much as in lUientns but slightly larger, lighter colored and with a shorter vertex. Resembling fulvidorsum l)ut much larger and with a nar- rower vertex. Length, 7.5 mm. Vertex very narrow, as in UneatuR but shorter, extending scarcely its own width in front of the eyes, nearly parallel throughout ; front narrow above, regularly widened to the antennae and then narrowing more slowly on to the clypeus, a faint median carina. In profile the front is very slightly convex to the middle of the eye, above which it bends back to a slightly obtuse angle with the vertex. Pronotum broadly and shallowly emarginate behind, scarcely longer in the middle than the width of the vertex. Scutellum large with three distinct carinae and two others faintly indicated. Elytra very broad, a distinct slightly reflexed margin outside the costal nervure at the base. Color bright straw color, eyes darker, ocelli rufous, scutellum testaceous, carinae pale. Elytra subhyaline, veins closely beset with setigerous black dots. Stigma small, smoky, with setigerous punctures on inner margin. 18— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (117) 118 Ball — Neiu Horn opt era from the SmitJi and Southwest. Described from four females labeled " Bill Williams Fork, Ariz., F. H. Snow," and received from Prof. Snow with a number of other fine Homop- tera from this same region. Scolopsella gen. nov. Type — S. reticulata Ball. Resembling Scolops but more elongate; ce])halic process stouter and slightly apically enlarged. Dorsal and lateral carinae irregular ; lateral carinae of the inner tablet of pronotum forked. Elytra long, slender, coarsely reticulate, anal area of corium obliquely emarginate. In general characters this is no doubt a Dictyopharid genus but in the venation and slope of the elytra it suggests Cyrpoptus of the Fulgorids. Scolopsella reticulata sp. nov. Resembling a inacro])terous specimen of Scolops but with still longer elytra and a broader, more sculptured cephalic protuberance. Length, 17 mm. ; length of horn, 4 mm. Vertex and front extending into a long stout horn as wide as the vertex until just before the apex when it widens out into a slightly upturned, spoon-shaped lobe. Lateral carinae of vertex and front extending along the horn where they are irregularly crenated and curved. Inner carinae of front continuing straight and simple and forming the margin of the apex. Pronotum nearly truncate posteriorly, central table widening pos- teriorly, tricarinate, the lateral carinae indented before the middle and forking, the outer fork extending down onto the sloping lateral tablet. Scutellum with a distinct median carina a pair of feeble divergent lateral ones near posterior margin. Elytra long and very narrow, venation as in a Scolops, at the base the veins often abruptly forking and continuing almost parallel everywhere even on clavus. The veins are tied together by numerous irregular reticulations. Inner margin of corium slightly con- cavely excavated. Described from a single specimen received from Prof. F. H. Snow and collected by him at Congress Junction, Ariz., in July. This is such a unique and readily recognizable form that it seems best to describe it from a single specimen and thus make it available to other workers. Megamelanus elongatus sp. nov. Much longer and narrower in general appearance than bicolor, super- ficially resembling a Kelisia with a long pointed vertex. Vertex much longer than in bicolor. Length, 3.7 mm. Vertex rather broad at base, portion between eyes about square, face and vertex extending in front of eyes as an acutely pointed pyramid longer than the long diameter of the eye ; all carinae sharp and distinct, a trace of a single median carinae on posterior half of vertex. Pronotum long, tricarinate, the outer carinae parallel and continuing to posterior margin. Scutellum tricarinate, the carinae parallel and closer together than on the pronotum. Elytra long, narrow, venation simple regular. Ball — Neic llonwptera fruni the South and Southwest. 119 Color dirty straw, face smoky, tlie lateral oarinae often margined inter- nally with fuscous. Apex of elytra often margined with fuscous. All veins thickly studded with curved dark hairs. Described from two females and three males from Mrs. Annie T. Slosson, collected at I>iscayne Bay, Fla. This is a strikingly distinct form, the long acutely pointed head at once separating it from any of its relatives. Megamelanus rufivittatus sp. nov. Resembling dongntus but with a shorter head and longer elytra. Pale green with a pair of red stripes the entire length of the body. Length, 4.7 mm. Vertex narrow at base, coming to an acute angle at apex which is slightly sloping, carinae sharp, uniting just in front of eyes into a single one which runs over the apex. Front narrow, parallel-margined, slightly concave in profile, forming an acute angle in front of the middle of the eye. Pronotum short, slightly angularly emarginate posteriorly, carinae diver- gent. Elytra twice the length of the body, the apical cells very long. Color pale green ; antennae with a black line in front; a pair of broad red stripes originate on each side of the apex of vertex, omitting the eyes and continue outside the carinae of the pronotum and scutellum to the last abdominal segment. Described from a single male from Thompsonville, Ga., collected by Mr. Hebardand sent by jNIrs. Slosson. Acutalis inornata sp. nov. Form much as in nemicremu but slightly smaller. Of a uniform blight grass green with pale elytra. Length, 4 to 4.25 mm.; width, L8 mm. Form of pronotum as in ^crrtarm, sloping back from head to an almost flat dorsum. Head convex, pale green. Pronotum bright grass green sometimes fading to a yellowish green in dried specimens. Elytra milky white, veins concolorous, obscure ; the outer longitudinal vein distant from the middle one at apex, oftentimes approaching the base of apical cell. Apical cell large and with the base more angulate than in semicrema. Described from six specimens, all from Biscayne Bay, Fla., collected by Mrs. Slosson. This species was thought first to be an immature color con- dition of semicrema but upon examination of more specimens the venation proved to be quite distinctive and the series is constant in structure and color. Deltocephalus slossoni sp. nov. Form and general color pattern nearly like grammicns. The elytra obliquely truncate at apex. Color pale straw and fuscous. Length, 4.25 mm. Vertex acutely pointed, the apex blunt, three-fourths as wide at base as its middle length, half longer on middle than against eye, half longer than pronotum. Vertex and front acutely angled. Elytra not quite as long as the body, obliquely truncate at the apex, the outer angles slightly 120 Ball — Neir Horn ojytera from the Sovth and Soutliwest. produced. Venation similar to reflexus, obscure on the disc, the ante- apical cells very short. Color pale creamy yellow, vertex, pronotum and scutellum marked as in alhidus, the six stripes continuing onto the elytra, the inner pair parallel, the outer pairs converging and meeting the inner pair at apex of clavus. On the corium most of the veins are light, narrowly margined with fus- cous, the rellexed veins broadly light, narrowly margined anteriorly with fuscous, the enclosed cells tinged with tawny. Pygofers with two stripes above and a pair of spots on tlie sides. Face pale ; the upper half, a large round spot on clyi)eus and a dot at the outer corner of each lore black. The black above breaks up into about five stripes which, with the excep- tion of the upper one, do not meet in the middle. Genitalia : Female segment verj' long, posterior margin divided into three nearly equal parts by two cuts extending half way to the base, the outer lobes slightly obliquely rounding away from the inner one ; inner one slightly longer than the others, but little narrowed before the bluntly rounding tip. The tip is black and has an acute median notch. Described from one female collected at Biscayne Bay, Fla., by Mrs. Slosson. This is but one of the many fine things that have been received from this same source and the name is but a slight recognition of the debt that workers in Homoptera owe her for her assistance in connecting up the fauna of this country with that of the more tropical regions. It is such a distinct and easily lecognized species that there can be no question of determination though founded on a single specimen. Deltocephalus littoraiis sp. nov. Closely resembling coUinus in general appearance but slightly longer, with a broader vertex and a much wider front. Pale green. Length of female, 4.45 mm.; male, 3.5 mm. Vertex broad, slightly concave in the center, al)Out right-angled in front ; twice longer on middle than against eye. Vertex and front meeting in an acute angle, the margin slightly rounded. Front very broad and full, almost parallel margined and then suddenly rounding to the clypeus. Elytra shorter than the abdomen in the female, longer in the male. Ven- ation rather weak, resembling that of melsJieimm but with a double cross- nervure between the sectors at the base. Color pale green, vertex and pronotum sometimes almost straw color, ocelli black, front brown with light arcs and a light median line. Genitalia : Female segment long, lateral margins short, then convexly rounding to a long triangular point on the posterior margin. Just before the apex the point is abruptly narrowed into a semi-circular tooth. From behind the lateral margins there projects a pair of strap-like membranes with rounding tips. Pygofers long and narrow, somewhat exceeded by the ovipositor. Male valve small, semi-circular; plates together aculely triangular, three times as long as the valve, the lateral margins slightly concave, a pair of dark spots near the base. Described from four specimens taken at Cape May and Anglesea, N. J., August 19-23, 1902, by Mr. E. P. Van Duzee. Vol. XVIII, pp. 121-126 April 18, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NOTES ON THE NAMES OF CERTAIN NORTH AMER- ICAN BIRDS. BY E. W. NELSON. During u\x rt^cent studj" of the Mexican Inrds in the collec- tiun (if the Biological Survey, some facts have come to light whicli appear to necessitate changes in the nomenclature of several species. I am indebted to Dr. Chas. W . Richmond of the National Museum for calling my attention to the literature in some of the cases mentioned l)elow, and to ^Nfr. J. H. Riley of the National Museum for his courtesy in helping me with the comparisons of the turkey buzzards. Acknowledgments are also due Mr. Wit- mer Stone of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, and Mr. Outram Bangs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology U)Y the loan of material. SuLA LEUCOciASTRA Boddaert. In the original description of Pi'licdnns .snla (Syst. Nat. ed. 12, I, p. 218, 1766) Linnseus characterizes it as less than half the size of ha>ssana, with the l)ody white, the outer part of the primaries and secondaries black, and the face and feet red. This description in no waj' fits the l)ird recognized by most later authors under the name of Sala sula, which has the head, neck and upperparts (including the tail) dark sooty brown ; 19— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVII, 1905. (121) 122 Nelson — Names of Certain North American Birds. the underparts white, and the feet green. The references given by Linnaeus with the original description, however, Itelong mainly to this last mentioned l)ird. (Tmclin followed in 1788 with a composite description nnder /'('/^v7o; ».s .s(i^/(r in which he includes Linnaeus' statement that the body is white and con- tradictory matter of his own, stating that the species is dark brown with the underside of the l)ody white. The bird with the dark l)rown upperparts and white lower- parts was first named in 1788 by Boddaert, wlio called it Suhi Ifucogastra (Tabl. Plan. Enl. p. 57). Since then authors have usually treated leiirojjd.stra. as asynonjnn of .s;'^/. This may have originated from the error of Gmelin in confusing the two species and perhaps even more prolm])ly from the references given l)y Linnaeus which do not l)elong under the Idrd he describes. In any case, when the application of an author's description is obvious it is necessary to accept it and not his references to fix tlicname. In this case it appears that the specific name ■■^nla should l)ccome a synonym of pi-scator, and Snla hncogastra Boddaert be used for the species which has so long gone under the name Sala sula. ACCIPITER VELOX PACIFICUS (LcSSOn). In 1888 Mr. Ridgway described the western sharp-shinned hawk as Arripitn- rrlox riifihifiis (Proc. V. S. Nat. Mus., XI, p. 92) taking as the type a specimen from P'ort Bridger, Wyoming. In 1845, however, Lesson gives a good description of the male western sharp-shinned hawk from specimens taken at Aca- pulco, Guerrero, Mexico, and California, under the name Xi-sii.s pnrificus (Echo du Monde Savant, .June 19, 1815, Col. 1086) so that the western sharp-shinned hawk, if a recognizal)]e form, becomes Accipiter velox parifinix (Lesson). This 1)ird occurs only as a winter visitor to Acapulco for which reason the l)irds of California may lie taken as typical of this form. Cathartes aura (Linnfeus). The common turkey Inizzard of North America was named by Linnaeus in the 10th Edition of his Systema Natura^ (p. 86, 1758). He called it Vultur aura and mentioned only a single A^elson — Karnes of Certain North American Birds. 123 charaetoi-, tlic wliitc 1)111, that is particularly diagnostic of the Mrd to which the nauu' is coinnionly api)li('(l. Tn the 12th edition (if thr Systcnia h(>\v('v<'r, the feet are said to be flesh c'olorccl and the head red. These additions definitely fix the name. This heconies of importance, since two distinct birds are inchided in the references cited by Linnteus. Of these Uruhu hr(islli( iisiliiis Maregrave appears to l)e the small yellowheaded buzzard since named (Eiiops jxruij/rK by Sharpe (Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. 1. p. 26, 1874). The remaining principal references are four, two of which are from the West Indies, one from Mexico, and the other from the soutlu'astern United States. In the Mexican reference the common name ((i(r<( is quoted from Hernandez — this evidently is the source of the name used by Linnteus, and it is of interest to find that a urn is still the common name of this vulture throughout Mexico. In 1S89 Wied in the account of his trip from Rockport, Indiana, to Owensljoro, Kentucky, calls attention to tla^ differences between the vultures of this group in Brazil and those of North America (Reise in das Innere Nord-America I. p. 162, footnote, iSoi)). He considers that the Brazilian bird is the true Cathmies nuni, and gives to the birds of North Amer- ica the provisional name of Cathartes septcntrionalls. In these notes Wied describes a pair of North American birds in consid- erable detail, but does not specify any definite locality for them . Fortunately he published a later and more elalwrate paper upon the same subject (Journal fiir Ornithologie 185(), p. 119), and again describes a pair of North American birds which were taken on the Wabash River near New Harmony, Indiana, where he stayed for some time while visiting Thomas Say. As the measurements are identical in both of these descriptions it be- comes evident that these birds were the types of Cathartes sep- tciitridiKiiis^ and enables us to fix the type locality. The name Viiitiir (iiirn of Linmeus as (n-iginally used applied to all the red- headed vultures of the Unite// — Xanu's of Crrfdin North Aiiirr/ni h llird.^. 125 to lie ;i ('(instnnt incrcasr in size to tlic iioi-tlici'ii pnrt of tlic liinls" range. Till' typical form of ('iil'i(nlf--< inirn differs from llie nortliern l)inl in smaller sizi' ; narrower and less wvW marked ln'own hor- clers to the feathers of the hack (thehrown horder sometimes entirely lacking). The color of the npp a* side of the shafts of the i)i'iuiaries ( hrown when freshly monlte(l) soon Meachesto an old ivoiy, or yellowish white. Cot]iiiit('s (luro st'iifciilrioiKili--^ (Hffers from tlie typical form in larger size ; more pronounced hrown horders to the feathers of the npp;n-parts, and the nppia- si(U' of the shafts of the jirimaries usually remain permanently dusky I)ro\vn. The following measurements give an idea of the ditferences in size l)etween the two forms. Co III Kites ((lira : Male (?), near city of Vera Cruz, Mexico. (Type of C. hiirrorlidKix). Wing, 47-") ; tail, 215 ; tarsus, (VI. Female, Southern Vera Cruz (April 7, 1901, Bangs Coll.). Wing, 475 ; tail, '2'oS ; tarsus, G;>. Cdtliiirtcs ((lira scpfeiifrioiialis: Male, Washington, I). C. (Dec. 25.) Wing, on^ ; tail, o2U ; tarsus, 74.5. Male, Mt. Carmel, 111. (Aug. 1.) Wing, 550 ; tail, ;520 ; tar- sus, 67. Tangavius involucratus Lesson. In the Revue Zoologique for Fehruary, 1839, p. 41, L(\sson descrihes Tain/acUis ii(rolucrati(.s from a Mexican specimen in the Alxnlle Collection as follows : "7*. corpore nigi'o friiooqvc ; alis, ct (■((iiila ((frdcurnlcscciitc xplciKlciitiJuis ; coU! jiliniiis^ ((iiiplis, dlla- l((t( (iiriil iii-riiiii /(iniia iitiliiis.^' This di'scription eviilently applies to a foian of ('allot/irns, and since numenjus other new Kirds descriljcd from the Aheille Collection ahout the same time were from eastern Mexico it is fair to infer that the present species came from the same region, lioth generic and specific names appear to he used for the first time in the place quoted al)ove ; Callothrus of Cassin, iSlid, is thus antedated hy 7>n((/rn;/((.s of Lesson , 1889, and iiiroliicratiis replaces (vbastits for the name of the hird of eastern Mexico. 126 Nehon — Names of Certain North American Birds. The birds of this genus in western Mexico have hitherto been considered specifically distinct from those of eastern Mexico but the series in the Biological Survey Collection show that al)out the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and southward intergradation takes place so that a rearrangement of the Mexican forms becomes necessary. The Soutli American species becomes Tdiniacins ariHcvd (Cabanis) and tlic Mexican species should stand as fol- lows : Tan()airs of maxillii)eds project beyond the lateral margin of the carapace and stand out prominently in a dorsal view. Each of the first four thorax segments carries a pair of biramous swinnning legs; on the last two segments tlie legs are rudimentary and consist of a basal joint only, without rami. On the sixth segment thej' can be seen plainly only on immature females and ap- parently disappear in the adult. Tiie egg-sacks are attached to the sides of the sixth (genital) segment ; each is fully as wide as the genital segment, considerably more than half as long as the entire body, and contains from eight to twelve eggs. The al)domen is very small and two-jointed, with minute anal laminae. Of the a|)i)endages, the second maxillae differ from those in other species by being nuich longer and more slender, and are plumose for their entire length. The second maxillipeds also are larger tiian in any described species, and stand out more i)rominently in dorsal view. These two par- ticulars will at once distinguish the present species from all others. Total length, 2.4 mm.; length of c;arapace, 0.5 mm.; width of carapace, O.-t mm.; length of egg-strings, 1.8 mm. General color a dark brown or black, the brown shade due to the two long and irregular ovaries, the black to the contents of the intestine. The eggs are very large and also dark brown in color, so that the living copepod shows well against the red background of the gills. This species is found abundantly on the gills of the sand shark, being firmly fastened by its second maxillipeds to the gill filaments. Many hundreds may often be secured from a single shark. {nigra, black.) Vol. XVIII, pp. 133-134 April 18, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF TIIE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW FLYING SQUIRREL FROM THE COAST OF ALASKA. BY WILFRED H. O-SGOOD. Nearly all the resident birds and mammals of the coast region of southeastern Alaska belong to peculiar forms characterized by- dark intensified colors. Among the few mammals that have thus far escaped description is the flying squirrel. It has been long known to occur there but, until recently, specimens have not reached any of our museums. Some two years ago, while working in the region, I commis- sioned a trapper to secure specimens of flying squirrels for the Biological Surv'ey and gave him instructions in preparing skins. As a result, a series of six well-prepared specimens have been recently received. These, as was expected, are quite different from any of the previously described forms. For the privilege of describing the new form I am indebted to Dr. C. Hart Merriam . Sciuropterus alpinus zaphseus subsp. nov. 7'//pf from Helm Bay, Cleveland Peninsula, southeastern Alaska. $ ad. No. 130,137 U. S. National Museum, Biological Survey Collection. Jan- uary 21, 1905. Cyrus Catt. 21— Pkoc. Bior,. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (1^3) 134 Osgood — A Ncic Fhjing Squirrel from Coast of Alasln. General charadrrs. — Most similar to Sciurnpterus alpinus ; color much darker throughout; tail, sides of belly, orbital region, forearm, and upper sides of feet much more dusk}'. Color. — Type : Upperparts from occiput to base of tail pale russet, be- tween russet and wood brown ; sides of head gray and dusky ; the dusky, which is practically black, forms a line from the base of whiskers to and around the eye and thence becomes plumbeous gray to the posterior base of the ear ; lower cheeks mixed wliitish gray and dusky ; lateral line black witli scarcely any suggestion of brownish tinge ; concealed hairs of under side of lateral line pure creamy white ; upper side of forearm deep blackish brown continuous with and but slightly paler than lateral line; sides of throat grayish lightly mixed with dusky, becoming creamy buff in axillary region; a blackish spot just below lower lip; throat whitish, becoming creamy posteriorly; breast creamy buff faintly tinged with dusky, same color continuous down middle of belly; sides of belly and thence down under side of hind legs pale creamy heavily mixed with dusky producing a huffy gray effect; a small whitish area just in front of anal region ; anal region pale russet mixed with dusky; hairs of upper side of tail liright broc- coli brown subterminally, overlaid and nearly obscured by sooty black; under side of tail slightly more rufescent than upper and less heavily over- laid by sooty ; under side of tail with an indistinct grayish median line ; upper sides of fore and hind feet blackish brown. Skull. — Practically as in Si:iuropterus itlpinux. Measuremeyits.—'Vype: Total length, 311 ; tail vertebrae, 133; hind foot, 42. Average of 6 adults: Total lengtli, 307 (292-311) ; tail vertebrae, 144 (133-152) ; hind foot, 41 (40-12).* Skull of type : Basilar length of Hensel, 32.3; occipito-nasal length, 41.4; zygomatic breadth, 26.2 ; constriction in front of postorbital processes, 8.3; median length of nasals, 12.8; upper toothrow, 8.2. Remarks. — This form needs close comparison only with S. alpinus, which is represented in the Biological Survey Collectjon by at least four typical examples, two from Jasper House, Alberta, practically topotypes, and two from Stuart Lake, B. C. The most convenient cliaracters for distinguishing it are the gray cheeks, the sooty feet, almost pure black lateral line, rela- tively dark forearm, and the heavy mixture of dusky on tlie sides of the belly. *S'. a.fuliginosus, S. yukonensis, and S. oregonensis have the underparts either so much paler or so much more rufescent as to require no comparison. * Total length ami tail measurements are the metric equivalents of inches and frac- tions taken by the collector ; hind foot measurements taken from dry specimen. Vol. XVIII, pp. 135-140 April 18, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DP:8CRIPTI0XS of apparently new MA.AIMAL8 OF THE GENERA OVIBOS, CYXOMYS AND MUSTELA. BY D. G. ELLIOT, F. R. S. E., Etc. Tlic specimens described in the present paper liave been in tlic collection of the Field Columbian Museum for a considerable time, some of them indeed for several j^ears. It is regretted that an exact locality can not lie given for the new race of the musk-ox, but this, as every collector knows, is practically impossible, when the specimens are obtained from the natives of anj^ country — an approximate localitj^ being all that can be given. Only the trained collector appreciates the impor- tance of recording the exact place at which his specimens were procured . Ovibos moschatus niphoecus* subsp. nov. BLACK MUSK-OX. Type from the region north of Hudson Bay; exact locality unknown. Type No. 1267, Field Columbian Museum. General chfivdclers. — In color intermediate between O. mosclinhifi and 0. m. wardi. Most of the young animals, and some of those in the prime of life, have a narrow white band between the ears back of the horns, but no white on the face. The old bull, which is in worn pelage, has no white hairs anywhere, while the aged cow, presumably his mate (as all the speci- * vlcpa snow, and oik^u to dwell— to dwell amid the snow. 22— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (135) 136 Elliot — Neto Mammals. mens, twelve in number, were stated to have been killed out of the same herd), has a small quantity of white on the face. The color of the legs is different from that of both the other named forms, being grayish white on fore legs, but blackish or black and gray on the hind legs. The curve of the horns is between that of 0. vtoscluttiis and 0. m. wardl, projecting outward more than in the first, but much less, and closer to the head than in the latter. The skulls exhibit the same intermediate characteristics. Those of inoscIiatHs and ivardi in their general characters are nearer to each other than either of them is to that of the present race, which in certain points agrees with both. The nasal bones of moscliaius are long and much more slender than those of ivardi, while those of the present race are short and broad for their length, but more nearly resemble those of mosclmlus. The shape of the lacrymal in the new subspecies at once attracts attention, and is quite different from that exhibited by its allies. Forming a portion of the wall of tiie bony orbit, it is much smaller and less wide than in either of the other forms. In moschatus it is a long bone, widening grad- ually from tiie posterior end to the anterior, the posterior half slanting backward, and at a greatlj^ lessened angle to the anterior poi'tion. The lacrymal hone of irardi is compressed in the middle, the posterior portion standing at a right angle to the anterior, and widening broadly at its forward termination. The lacrymal of the present subspecies, in comparison to those of its relatives is a small bone, in shape nearer that of mosrhaliis than of luardi and, as in the former, not comjjressed in the middle to any extent, with the posterior end sloping backward even more than in that of tuoschatwi. It resembles therefore the lacrymal of moschatus more than it does that of ivardi, but is conspicuously different in its smaller size. The horn cores slant away from the skull more than do those of mosclintus, but much less than those of ivardi. A ridge runs along the malar beneath the orbit and turning down- ward in front of the orbit extends onto the maxilla continuing onwards in mosclKdus to above the third premolar, in ivardi, and the present subspecies to above the fourth premolar. In ivardi this ridge is exceedingly sharp, especially in fi-ont of the orbit, in laoscJinius much less so, and in 0. m. niphcecus it is rounded on top along its entire length. On the under surface of the skulls the paroccipital processes attract the eye by tlieir very different size and shape, those of rnoschatv,si\.\\(l uvwdi being broad, heavy, and curv- ing inward at the tip, while those of the new race are slender, erect, and graduating to the narrow tips, thus presenting an altogether different ap- pearance. The buUge of ivardi are arcuate in shajie, the posterior portion turning outward away from the line of the anterior portion, and are of large size, and but slightly curved on the superior outline. Those of~the new form are next in size though not so large as those of ?i'or(7(', only of a slightly arcuate shape, and greatly curved on the superior outline which is sharp. The bullse of moschatus are the smallest of the three. The postglenoid foramen is widely open in 'mosch0 ; occipito-nasal length, 355 ; greatest breadth across orbits, 245; median length of nasals, 121 ; greatest width posteriorly, 04; anterior width (at tips), l;>; zygomatic width, 168; palatal arch to end of premaxilhe, 249 ; greatest width of palatal floor be- tween fourth i)remolars, 76; length of horn core from edge on top of head to tip, 230; length of upper tooth row, alveolar border outer side, 140; posterior widtli of basioccipital, 62 ; anterior width in front of bullae, 32; length of mandible, 345 ; length of lower tooth row, alveolar border outer side, 145. Eoiutrks. — Comparison of skulls has been made between specimens of 0. moschatus from north of Great Slave Lake and one of 0. m. ivardi brought from Bache Peninsula, west side of Kane Basin, by Commander Peary, kindly loaned to me by Dr. J. A. Allen of the New York Museum. These with the skulls of 0. m. niphoscus were from bulls of about the same age. Shortly after my return from the expedition into Africa in 1896,1 re- ceived information that twelve specimens of musk-ox had arrived at New Bedford, Mass., and I at once sent the Taxidermist of the Museum to see them and i-eport upon their condition. The report being favorable, the twelve were imrchased and brought to the Museum. The account given of these individuals by Mr. Luce of Thomas Luce & Co. of New Bedford, was, that on a previous voj'age of one of their whaling ships, the firm, having decided to try to obtain some musk-oxen, directed the captain to make arrangements with the Eskimos for their capture, and ammunition and supi)lies for the hunt were i)rovided. This was done, and on the next trip, carrying the necessary desidei-ata, the ship was met at a point on the coast (the exact locality unknown to me) by the Eskimos, who, on receiving the supplies, departed for the interior, agreeing to meet the ship at the same place on its return south in the autunm, with such skins as the}' might have been successful enough to secure. On the ship's arrival in the autumn the Eskimos were at the place appointed with the skins of twelve 138 ElUnf—Neir Mamwals. musk-oxen, four polar bears and some seals (the last probably captured near the coast, before the ship arrived), all of which were secured for the Field Columbian Museum. The skins of the oxen were frozen and the heads and legs had never been skinned, and this process had to be per- formed after their Arrival at the Museum. This, perhaps, was fortunate, as no mistake could be made in keeping the right skull and skin together. It was recognized that they were a queer looking lot, like 0. moscltadts and yet unlike, but, for lack of proper material to compare with them and a conservative unwillingness to unnecessarily increase the number of species, they were considered simply as the ordinary musk-ox, until more evidence to the contrary was available. A few years after, Mr. Lydekker described a new form from Greenland as 0. to. ware//, but on comparing his description with the Museum specimens it was found to disagree with them in various ways. At length Dr. Allen received examples of 0. rn. wardi collected by Peary, and in the mean time the Field Museum had secured five adult specimens of the real 0. moschatus, obtained 160 miles north of Fort Resolution, Great Slave Lake, and the opportunity of comparing the eastern and western forms with these undetermined specimens had at length, after long waiting, arrived. AVhile great numbers of the skins of musk-oxen have been received from the Arctic regions every year, comparatively few have found their way into the collections of museums. The chief reason for this is that they come as fiat skins suitable for carriage robes or to be made into rugs, and usually without head or skull. And sometimes when these are brought with the skin, the locality where the animal was killed is unknown and the speci- men's sjieciflc value is consequently non-existent, or seriously impaired. Fortunately the locality of the specimens in the Museum collection are fairly well known, for all were obtained by parties sent out expressly to obtain the animals and preserve them for museum exhibits, and while the exact location where the Eskimos procured the specimens of 0. m. ni})}i(rcuK can not be given, we know from their statement that they, the natives, went about 600 miles inland from where they met the ships, to the north- ward of Hudson Bay. The new subspecies is the intermediate of the two forms previously de- scribed, agreeing with either one or the other in certain particulais and differing from both in others. The jet black pelage is very striking when placed beside the brown animals of the other forms and makes them con- spicuously different, while the narrow, whitish band on top of the head exhibits a leaning toward n-ardi, hni the dark legs again give an affinity to moschatus. The shape of the horns is a compromise between the two, more spreading and farther from the head than those of moschatus, but less wide and more confined to the head than those of wardi. The differences ex- hibited by the skulls have been already mentioned, and it would appear that the characters there described and the jet black pelage sufficiently in- dicate this animal's claims to a distinct subspecific rank. The brown pelage of the old bull and cow may be the result of age, for it can not be deemed seasonal as all the specimens were obtained at the same time, and if it represented the summer coat, the others, we natui'ally ElJint—Xnr }f(niiiiinls. 139 would aspiime, would be brown also. The total absence of all white hairs from the old Imll is singular, as lie is tlic only one without them. Seven specimens of this new subspecies are mounted and aininired in a group in tlie west court of the Museum. Cynomys pyrrotrichus* sp. nov. KKD PKAIKIK IMMi'. Tifpc from White Horse Spring, Oklahoma Territory. Type No. (5803, Field Columbian Museum. (lenernl ch'irnders. — General color cinnamon rufous, altogether different from that of C. ludovicicanix. Skull conifiared with that of above-named species has a narrower palate and larger bullie ; and with arkonenftis has a broader braincase and wider nasals. Color. — Head, upper parts of body and sides cinnamon rufous, darkest on head and df)rsal region, each hair tipped with whitish, most conspicuous on sides of rump and flanks ; underparts and inner side of legs pale yel- lowish washed or tinged with rufous on chest and abdomen, grading on sides into the color of the flanks; upper parts of forelegs and feet pale vinaceous cinnamon; outer side of thighs pale cinnamon rufous ; feet pale vinaceous buff ; claws black. Tail cinnamon rufous grading to Van Dyke brown at tip. Measnreiiu'ii(s.—To{ii\ length, 885 ; tail vertebrae, 70 ; hind foot, 58. Skull : total length, (w; Hensel, 52 ; zygomatic width, 45; greatest width of brain- case, 25 ; length of nasals, 21 ; palatal length, 31.5; length of ui)per molar series, 13; length of mandible, angle to top of incisors, 18; lower molar series, 1(5. liniiarks. — In my paper on Oklahoma mammals collected by Mr. Sui-l)er, I noticed a great difference in the color of the specimens obtained when compared with those of the other known species of Cynomys, those from Oklahoma being very much darker and more reddish. As all Mr. Surber's examples were collected in the s^mng (April), I supposed the difference of hue might be attributed to a seasonal variation, and called the specimens ludovicianus. Having, however, obtained some C. ludovicianns taken in April, I find that the same difference in color still exists and that it is not caused b}' any seasonal change of pelage. The same striking variation in the general hue is exhibited between the present species and other mem- bers of the genus Cynomys, as exists between Citellus IS-lineatus and C. 13-1. texensh, with the addition of separate cranial characters. Mustela boria f sp. nov. FARTHEST NORTH MARTEN. Tyjie from the Lower MacKenzie River District, toward Arctic Ocean ; exact locality unknown. No. 13,484, Field Columbian Museum. (Inieral characters. — Darkest in color of American martens; tail long, black. * TTv^pi-rpixos — with red hair. ■[■ BApetos ae, plumbeous with a brownish wash on lores; chin and throat pure white (this area extending u]) nearly to line of gape but indistincrtly suflused with buff}' along upper and posterior borders); sides of neck olivaceous bistre brown streaked with grayish and shading through grayish Vjrown into dingy cinnamon washed with dull gray along median line; breast light cinnamon rufous ; sides of body and Hanks varying from olive brown to dark hair brown strongly marked with transverse white bars; under tail coverts white with narrow shaft streaks of dusky brown. Measuremevts. — Wing, 142 ; tail, CO ; culmen, 53 ; tarsus, 51. Remarks. — This rail is most like JidUu.i crepifdnK ?/v(//;u'/, especially on the underparts, but the breast and under side of the neck are redder and the dusky bars on the flanks are slightly darker. The upperparts differ more, as the top of the head and neck are lighter brown and the? gray and brown streaks on the back are much more strongly contrasted. It is much paler and more brightly colored than 7ia//H.s ^. cwn'i.TUS ; the \mve white throat, cinnamon rufous breast and strongly contrasted gray and brown strijjes on the back being very distinctive. From the pale colors of this bird it is probable that it will be found limited to the arid coast region of the peninsula of Yucatan though it may range still farther north along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. The type is the only specimen I liave seen. Vol. XVIII, pp. 143-150 June 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW AND INTERESTING AMERICAN GRASSES. BY C. V. PIPER. Tlic following niisci'llaneoiis descriptions and notes are part of the results of studies incidental to general systematic work upon American grasses during the past year. They are pub- lished at the present time principally Ijecause . the projected monographs of several of the genera have been discontinued by the writer. The types of all the new species are in the National Herbarium . Epicampes leptoura sp. nov. Habit of E. vigens Benth. Culms rather stout, about a meter high, terete, scabrous, three-jointed. Sheaths smooth, longer than the internodes ; ligule membranous, obtuse or retuse, 2-3 mm. long ; blades very narrow, strongly involute, harshly scabrous, the lower ones 30 to 40 cm., the upper- most about 10 cm. long. Panicle spike-like, erect, narrow, pale, densely flowered, sometimes interrupted below, 10 to 25 cm. long, 5 to 6 mm. thick ; rays closely appressed, the longest 1 cm. long. Empty glumes lanceolate, scabrous on the keels, exceeding the floret, the lower 4 mm. long with an awn 1 mm. long, the upper 3.5 mm. long with a flexuous awn of equal length ; flowering glume minutely scabrous, 2 to 2.5 mm. long, ovate, truncate, three-nerved, bearing a very short awn from the back near the apex ; palet as long or slightly longer, the two nerves meeting at the acute apex. Related to E. rigens Benth, but easily distinguished by the awned glumes. Collected by C. H. Townsend and C. M. Barber, in the Sierra Madre near Colonia Garcia, Chihuahua, Mexico, No. 341, September 21, 1899, altitude 7,000 feet (Type). 24— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1906. (143) 144 Pipei — New and Interesting Amerinm Grasses. Epicampes macrotis sp. nov. A stout tufted grass about 1 meter high, with flat very sca])rous leaves, very long firm auricles, and an erect rather loose narrow panicle. Culms terete, smooth, 80 to 100 cm. high. Leaves numerous, closely investing the base of the culm ; sheaths smooth, striate, keeled, about 10 mm. broad, the margins prolonged into narrow auricles 2 to 4 cm. long; ligule very thin, scarious, laciniate ; blades flat, strongly keeled, striate, retrorsely scabrous on the upper surface, margins and keel, 4 to 6 mm. wide, somewhat shorter than the culms. Panicle 30 to 35 cm. long, narrow, erect; rays irregularly fascicled, scabrous, erect, the longest 5 to 6 cm. long. Spikelets 3 to 3.5 mm. long; empty glumes obtuse, not keeled, subequal, shorter than the floret ; flowering glume lanceolate, acute, three-nerved, smooth ; palet obtuse, nearly as long as the flowering glume. Collected by J. N. Rose in the Sierra Madre, Zacatecas, Mexico, No. 3528 August 7, 1897 (Type). The species should be readily distinguished by its crowded sheatlis and very long auricles. Epicampes crassiculmis sp. nov. A very stout and tall, pale, very smooth si)ecies with rather broad folded leaves and a large purplish panicle with ascending branches. Culms 1 to 2 m. high, 1 cm. or more thick, terete, very smooth, about six-jointed, from stout rootstocks. Sheaths smooth and polished, thick and firm, sparsely hairy in the throat, the lowest 70 cm. long, shorter than the joint ; ligule obsolete; blades thick and rigid, folded, smooth bene;ith, striate above, scabrous on the margins, 8 to 10cm. wide, apparently abont a meter long. Panicle rather dense, 30 to 45 cm. long, 4 to 6 cm. wide ; rays fasci- culate, verticillate, erect or ascending, somewhat scabrous, the longest 15 cm. long. Spikelets 3 mm. long; empty glumes smooth, carinate, lance- olate, acute, the upper 2 mm. long, the lower i to j as long ; flowering glume one-nerved, acute, smooth, awnless, 2.5 to 3 mm. long ; palet slightly shorter; a second rudimentary floret is often present. Collected by Dr. E. Palmer, No. 414, in alkali soil at Alamos, Sonora, Mexico, in 1891 (Type). Melica montezumae sp. nov. A palegreen, loosely tufted, erect perennial 50 to 60 cm. high, with loose, at length spreading panicles bearing silvery spikelets. Culms with 6 to 7 nodes, only the upper part naked, this striate scabrous. Leaves about 7, the lower 2 or 3 reduced to sheaths ; sheaths striate, smooth, exceeding the internodes ; ligules scarious, lacerate, adnate, 5 to 10 nun. long; blades linear, rather rigid, erect or ascending, flat or loosely involute, 10 to 20 nerved, scabrous on both sides, especially beneath, mucronate at the naviculate apex, 10 to 20 cm. long, 2 to 3 mm. wide. Panicle 10 to 18 cm. long, erect; rays smooth, in pairs or sometimes in threes, unequal, at first erect, at length divaricate or even reflexed, the longer 5 to 6 cm. long, sparingly branched and flowering above the middle, the shorter ones PijH'i — Xeir av(J Interesting Ameriean Grasses. 145 Howerino; from the base. Spikelets 7-9 mm lono;, on slender pedicels which are usnaiiy abruptly curved and pubescent just at the points of attaciiment. Perfect fl()ret only one ; lower empty gknne oblong, retuse, silvery scarious in the apical third, 7 mm. long, five-nerved, only the mid- nerve reaching the apex, the others anastomosing about the middle of the glume ; upper emi)ty glume oblong-linear, obtuse, 7 mm. long, five-nerved, the lateral ones faint ; flowering glume oblong, truncate and retuse, 6 to 7 mm. long, thick and green for three-fourths its length, scarious at the apex, eleven-nerved, the nerves rugose and anastomosing near the apex of the thick part, the intermediate ones bearing a few bristles; palet spatulate- oblong, retuse, 4.5 nnn. long, the nerves ciliate, the margins narrow ; sterile floret clavate, pedicelled, reaching the apex of the palet. Santa Eulalia Mountains, Chihuahua, Pringle, No. 430, April 6, 1885 (Type) ; Chihuahua, E. Williamson, No. 342 in 1885 ; Sierra Mojada Mts., Coahuila, M. E. Jones, No. 4S2, April 19, 1892. Heretofore mistaken for M. laxiflarn Cav., a nmch taller Chilean species which differs in having 2 to 3 perfect florets, acutish empty glumes, more hairy 7-nerved flowering glumes and very scabrous sheaths. Poa brachyglossa sp. nov. Perennial ; whole plant pale or glaucescent, the panicle often somewhat purple tinged. Culms terete, glabrous, smooth and firm, mostly 3-jointed, (10 to 100 cm. high. Sheaths smooth, glabrous, shorter than the internodes ; ligules of the innovations very short, of the culm leaves 1 to 2 mm. long, scarious ; blades rather stiff, acute, folded or involute, almost leathery in texture, 5 to 20 cm. long. Panicle nariow, erect or nearly so, 10 to 20 cm. long ; rays in 6 to 8 obscure series of 2 to 5, short, clustered, ascending, somewhat scabrous. Spikelets oblong-linear, 7 to 10 mm. long, 3 to 6- flowered, the florets appressed. F^mpty glumes smooth, thin, with broad scarious margins, glabrous except tlie midnerve, which is scabrous above, the lower lanceolate, acute, 4 to 5 mm. long, 3-nerved, the lateral ones short, the upper ovate, 3-nerved, a little longer; flowering glume elliptic- ovate, obtusish, the sides much inrolled, smooth, or nearly so, quite firm in texture, convex, faintly nerved, the lateral nerves disappearing in the scarious apex ; palet oblong-linear, obtuse, the nerves ci Hate-scabrous, the lateral part half as broad as the internerve. This is the representative of /Vt Inevigatn Scribn. west of the Rocky Mountains. It is confined largely to somewhat alkaline soils, which it often covers in nearly pure growtlis. The short ligules separate it at once from any other species of the group, namely laevigata, lucida and nfiadenKts. The following collections are representatives of Poa brachyglossa. The type has smooth leaves and culms, but other specimens included differ only in having both the culm and leaves somewhat scabrous. Washington : Douglas County, Sandberg &. Leiberg 2(57, June 22, 1893 (Type) ; Coulee City, Piper 3917, 3916, 3918 ; Cold Creek, Cotton 402 ; With- out locality, Vasey 42 ; Wenas, Griffiths and Cotton 80 ; Loomis, Griffiths 146 PijJer — New and Tii(('re>^es. \4i half way to the panicle, Its short blade 1 to 3 em. long. Panide ovate or oblong, quite dense, 2 to (i cm. long; rays short, scabrous, 2 to 4 at a node, 1>earing one to five spikelets at or near their tips, the lower rays branched in the larger panicles. Spikelets compre.ssed, oblong-ovate, o to 5 or rarely 7-flowered, 6 to 10 nnn. long ; rachilla scabrous ; tiorets closely imbricated ; glumes firm, (bill, hyaline margined ; first empty glume 1-nerved, broadly ovate, liardly acute, scabrous on the keel aV)ove, sparingh^ ciliolate near the apex, o mm. long; second similar, 8-nerved, 4 mm. long; flowering glumes ovate, barely acute, 5-nerved or rarely 6-7-nerved, very sparsely scaberulous, scabrous on the keel, minutely ciliate near the apex, 4.5 to 5 mm. long; palet equalling or exceeding the glume, oblong-lanceolate, retuse, the nerves strongly ciliate, the lateral jiortions half as wide as the internerve. Related to Poa cusickii and Pod idahoen.vii, differing from the former in its strongly involute narrower leaves, denser panicles, scabrous stems, and larger tiorets ; from the latter in its smaller size, dense panicles, and close spikelets, and from both in its much wider glumes and usually purple {)anicles. The following specimens liave been examined : Washington: Rattlesnake Mountains, Yakima County, Cotton 557, May 7, 1902 (Type) ; same locality, Griffiths and Cotton Nos. 4 and 20 ; Kahlotus, Cotton 1010. Oregon : Grizzly Butte, Crook County, Leiberg 231 ; Calamity to Silvies Valley, Grittiths and Morris 814; Silver Creek Valley, Cusick 2()13 ; Island Ranch, Griffiths and Morris 724. Poa sandbergii Vasey. A study of the types of Feslucn spanunitha Phil., Anal. Univ. Chile 94 : 174. 189fi, and Festum patagonica Phil., Anal. Univ. Chile 94: 174. 1896, in Philippi's herbarium show them to be identical with Poa miidhergii Vasey of the Columbia Basin. The recurrence of this species in the southern hemisphere is a fact as yet unparalleled among the western Poas. Distichlis multinervosa (Vasey). comb. nov. MelifaimiUinervosa Vasey, Bot. Gaz. M): 285, 1891. This grass is closely related to D. li'.niMi (Vasey) Scribn. and it is not congeneric with Melka. No other specimens seem to have been collected since the plant was found by Mr. G. C. Nealley at Brazos Santiago, Texas. Bromus vestitus Schrad. Brotmix vestitvs Schrad. Gott. Gel. Anz. 3 : 2074, 1821. This grass has not previously been recorded from this country, but it appears to be quite widely established in California. The following spec- imens have been seen: Bakersfield, Kern County, Davy 174(1; Pilar- citos, San Mateo County, Davy IHfi; Yosemite Valley, Bioletti 15, in May, 1900. 148 Piper — New and IiUeresting American Grasses. Bromus marginatus maritimus siibsp. nov. Culms coarse, 60 to 90 cm.; leaf-blades glabrous, 5 to 10 cm. broad ; panicle narrow, compact, 10 to 15 cm. long, the spikelets densely crowded. A characteristic subspecies from the sea coast of California. Tlie scanty herbaiium material has heretofore been considered as abnormal, but a splendid series of specimens collected by Mr. J. B. Davy shows that its peculiarly dense panicle is a constant character. The following specimens have been examined, all from California: Point Reyes, Davy (3798 (Type) : G744 : (STGO ; Monterey, Davy 7281 ; Ocean Beach, Lemmon ; San Francisco County, Michener and Bioletti, June 22, 1S92; without locality, Lemmon 383, in 1882; Ocean Bluffs near San Francisco, Piper 6824. Bromus tectorum nudus Klett and Richter. Broinnti (eclornin iiu! K. and R. Fl. Leipzig 109, 1830. This variety is distinguished from true Bromns tectorum L. by having smooth or merely scaljrous flowering glumes. It has become established in several western states as indicated by the following specimens: Uinta County, Wyoming, A. Nelson 7215; Klamath County, Oregon, Cusick 2844; Columbia Falls, Montana, Blankenship 30. Hordeum comosum Presl. Hordiiua comosum Presl. Rel. Haenk. 1 :327, 1830. The following specimens seem referable to this Chilean grass: Alma, Wash., Elmer 535, June, 1897; Colviile Reservation, Wasli., Griffiths and Cotton 363, June, 1902. The latter specimen is an excellent match for the specimen in Philii)pi's lierbariuni of Chilean grasses. The species is very close to //. caespilosuiii Scribn., differing only in having pubescent sheaths and blades. Agropyron griffithsi Scribn. & Smith in herb. A pale, loosely tufted grass, 30 to 80 cm. high, having stout and elongate reeping rootstocks. Culms 2-jointed, cylindric, slightly striate, glabrous. Sheaths striate, glabrous or glaucous or puberulent ; ligule obsolete or nearly so ; blades rather rigid, strongly striate, mostly involute, smooth beneath, scabrous above, 5 to 12 cm. long. Spike erect, 8 to 15 cm. long, rather close ; joints of the rachis flattened, very scabrous on the angles, usually about half as long as the spikelets. Spikelets pale, oblong, subterete appressed, usually half-overlapping, closely 5 to 7 flowered ; joints of the rachilla clavate, scabrous on the angles, 1 to 1.5 mm. long. Lower glume linear-lanceolate, 3-nerved, 8 mm. long, tipped with an awn 3 mm. long, scabrous on the nerves ; upper very similar, but broader and 4 to5-nerved. Flowering glume oblong, firm, somewhat flattened on the back, smooth and nerveless below, 5-nerved and scabrous apically, 8 to 10 mm. long, tipped PijXi — NeivamJ Lilrredmg America a Grasses. 149 with a stout (iivergont scabrous awn of eiiual length ; palet oblong-linear, obtuse, shorter than the body of the liowering glume, the nerves strongly scabrous ciliate, the sides less than one-half as l)road as the internerve. Type specimen collected by Williams and Griftiths, No. 140, (jn the North Fork of Clear Creek, Wyoming, altitude 2,600 meters. Other specimens are referred here as follows : Wyoming: Near Beulah, Grifhths 412; Inyan Kara, Grifhths 041. North Dakota : Dickinson, M. A. Brannon 12;> ; Broncho, L. R. A>'aldroii 2232. The species is near A. albicans Scribn. tt Smith, but is readily separable by its nearly smooth flowering glume. Agropyron sitanioides J. G. Smith sp. nov. " Culms erect or ascending, 20 to 30 cm. high, their bases clothed with tumid leaf sheaths; innovations h to 'i the leugtli of the culm, stout, rigid, internodes terete, glabrous. Sheaths closely envelojjing the internodes scarious along the margins, glabrous; ligule obsolete, blades rigid, erect, involute, filiform, sharply-pointed, scabrous on the back, strongly nerved and scal)rous above and on the margins. Spike rigid, erect, long-exserted, 5 to i^ from mountains near Santa Marta, Colombia, 3,000 feet altitude, 9 adult. No. 5002, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected February 4, 1898, by W. W. Brown, .Jr. Cltaracters. — Similar to true C. so/// of Guiana and Venezuela, but much more brightly colored. Adult 9 : Whole upperparts, except crown which is dusky, rich, bright chestnut, the wing coverts tipped with orange-rufous and ferruginous (in true C. soui the upperparts are, in the adult 9 Front's brown shading on rump toward burnt umber, and hazel on wing coverts) ; underparts rich tawny-ochraceous or tawny, becoming darker and brighter, more ochraceous-rufous on sides, under surface of neck and upper breast, with a slight vinous cast overlaying this color on neck, not decidedly paler in middle of belly (in true C. soui the underparts are much duller and paler with a decidedly paler-bufly -patch in middle of belly) ; chin white ; throat white, the feathers tipped with ochraceous. 25— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (151) 152 Bangs — Seven New Subspecies of American Birds. MEASUREMENTS. No. Sex. Locality. Wing. Tail. Tar- sus. Cul- men. 5002 6129 9 ad. Santa IMarta, Colombia, 3,000 ft. 9 ad. LaConcepcion, " 3,000 ft. 128 125 27 28 39 37.5 20 19.5 Remarks. — This form, which replaces true soul of Guiana and Venezuela in the Santa Marta region of Colombia is much more brightly colored than the typical form, and judged from the plate and descriptions is not unlike C. casianeus Scl. in color. That it is not that species, but a member of the soui series, is shown by its whitish throat and smaller dimensions. I have seen several specimens from Guiana and have one adult $ taken by Capt. Wirt Robinson at San Julian, Venezuela, that is just like them. In fact, Plate 829, of d'Aubenton's Planches Enlumineez, on which Cryp- turus soui was based, could not be more like this specimen, if it had actually been taken from it. Crypturns soui mustelinus needs no comparison with the dark-necked form C. soui inodestus that occurs just north of it in Panama. I have seen no males of the new form, but undoubtedly they would be much darker and duller than the females as is the case with most species of Crypturus. Scardafella inca dialeucos subsp. nov. NICARAGUA SCALED DOVE. Type from the boundary line between Honduras and Nicaragua, 180 miles from Pacific coast.* No. 4796, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Characters. — Somewhat similar to true S. inca of Mexico, etc., but larger wing coverts grayish white in marked contrast to rest of coverts ; under^ parts more distinctly barred with blackish, the bars extending over the entire breast, though less distinct as they reach the throat; vinaceous of breast much paler and more restricted, the buffy white of belly reaching farther forward. Similar also to >S. ridgwayi f of South America, but upper- parts much darker, with the dusky squamatulations less distinct; light patch on wing not so white; and underparts less heavily barred with blackish. Size as in S. inca inca. Measurements. — Type: Wing, 89 ; tail, 90.5 ; tarsus, 16; culmen, 15. Remarks. — Scardafella inca inca ranges from southern Arizona and Texas through Mexico and Guatemala, with but little if any geographical varia- tion, but at the very southern extremity of its range gives place to a race that in all the points of difference from the northern form approaches -S'. * The type is one oi a collection of birds which was bought by me some years ago from an engineer who had been engaged in work on the boundary line between Hon- duras and Nicaragua. The specimens were all taken at one point in summer and early autumn. t Dr. Richmond has pointed out that, even if 5. ridgwayi of Margarita Id. is not con- sidered a valid form the name must hold for the species, Columba squamosa Temm. and Knip. being preoccupied. B((ii(/s — Scccii Ncir Siihsperh'S of Aiiicn'cdn lairds. 153 ridgirni/i of South America. In factt, if there was not a wide gap between tiie ranges of .v. iiiat and >S'. ridgii'di/i the new form here described might aUnost be looked upon as an intergrade between tliem. Claravis pretiosa livida subsp. nov. COLOMBIAN GRAY DOVE. Ti/pe from Rio Cauca, Coloml)ia, d^ adult, No. 405G, coll. of E. A. and 0. Bangs. Collected June, 1898, l)y J. H. Batty. Chnrarler!^. — Very similar to ti-ue C. pirtiosa (Ferrari-Perez) of Mexico, but paler throughout. Adult c? with the breast and belly pearl gray (French gray to cinereous in true ('. pMlusd). Adult 9 with wings, back and head paler brown. MEASUKEMENTS. No. Sex. Locality. Wing. Tail. Tar- sus. Cul- men. 4056 4055 4054 c?ad. c?ad. 9 ad. Colombia, Rio Cauca Colombia, Las Tambos .... Colombia, Castilla 114 115 114 73 74 70 18.2 18.6 18 15 15 14.4 Reinarh. — In 1886, t'ernando Ferrari-Perez * substituted the name p'c- tiosa, based on Mexican birds, for tiie preoccupied clnerea j by which title the gray dove had till then been known. In Catalogue of Birds in British Mus. XXI, Salvador! mentions no differ- ences between northern and southern examples of the gray dove, but calls the bird throughout its range by the preoccupied name cinerea, and even Sharpe,t though he recognizes the Mexican form by Ferrari-Perez's name, retains for the southern form cinrrca of Temm. and Knip. The Colombian form is only a closely related subspecies, ditfering chiefly in the much paler head and underparts in the male. The darkest skins of true C. prtiiosa I have seen come fi'om IMexico, while a large series from Panama shows a tendency toward the paler colors of C pretiosa livida, though none quite match the Colombian form in this respect and some are almost as dark as Mexican birds. Qeotrygon martinica digressa subsp. nov. GUADELOUPE QUAIL DOVE. Ti/pe from Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles. 9 adult. No. 11,442, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected May 9, 1901. Characters. — Much larger than G. martinica martinica (Linn.) and much palerin coloration. General color of upperparts bright hazel, glossed with ♦Catalogue uf Mexican Animals, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., IX, p. 175, 1886. ^Columba cinerea Scop., Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr. II, p. 94, n. 93, 1786, being some eastern dove not yet satisfactorily identilied, but of course excluding the use of Columba cinerea Tetam. and Knip., Pig. I, p. 120, pi. 58, 1808-11, for the American Gray Dove. X Hand-List of Birds, Vol. I, p. 82, 1899. 154 Banys — Seven Xetr Suhsperies of Atneriran Birds. metallic rose purple (the upperparts in true G. martinica are almost liver brown and the metallic gloss is lilac) ; crop region vinaceous-pink (dark purplish vinaceous in true G. martinica) ; belly and under tail coverts paler., more buffy, less brownish or clay color. MKASUREMKNTS. No. Sex. Locality. Wing. Tail. Tar- sus. Cul- men. 11,442 9 ad. Guadeloupe 169 84 36 25 Specimens of Geotrygon martinica martinica. measure- 13,513 c?ad. 13,514 c?ad. 13,5.56 9 ad. 13,557 9 ad. 27.427* -ad. 27,428* — ad. 27,429* -ad. 28,575* —ad. Dominica do. do. do. Sta. Lucia do. do. do. 152 75 33 150 71.5 33 150 74 33 156 76 33.5 152 79 83 149 77 33.5 153 79 34 150 79 34 25 24 25 24 5 24.5 2f} 25 26 Remarks. — If the large series of G. martinica I have examined in this con- nection is properly sexed by the collectors, and I see no reason why it is not so, then the sexes in this quail dove do not differ in color. The plain dark colored examples are all marked "young" and appear to be such. These had been supposed to be adult females, and the species was given by Salvadori in Cat. Birds, Brit. Mus., Vol. XXI, as having the same dif- ference in color between the sexes as Geotrygon montana. I have seen no skins from Martinique, but have examined a number from both Dominica and Sta. Lucia which are precisely similar. The one specimen from Guadeloupe differs so much from these that the question is simply whether it shall be called a species or subspecies ; the latter course perhaps better expresses its relationship. The present subdivision of the species, then, restricts true G. martinica to Sta. Lucia, Martinique, and Dominica and makes the bird of Guadeloupe a well-marked island form. Specimens from Guadeloupe appear to be very rare in collections and when Salvadori wrote Vol. XXI. he could only con jecture that the bird pro))ab]y occurred there. Dacnis cayana callaina subsp. nov. CHIRIQUI DACNIS. Type from Divala, Chiriqui, c? adult. No. 8200, Coll. of E. A. and O Bangs. Collected November 2, 1900, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Characters. — Ajiult d* with the blue portion of the plumage cerulean or turquoise, exactly as in D. cayana cayana, of South America, but at once distinguished from that form by the throat being dull bluish green instead *Mus. of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. B(i)i{/f< — Sere II Xcir Suhxjx'cicx of America ii liinh. 155 of hldcl-, and the throat j)atch less extensive. Similar in size and color of throat patch, to D. cn>i(iiia ultnuniiriiia of Panama to eastern Nica- ragua, but the blue portion of the plumage very different, beinj^ in the latter form bright ultramarine or cobalt. Size as in true I), cnijdnii. Type, c? adult: Wing, 01 ; tail, 41.r>; tarsus, 15.2 ; culmen, 12.r.. Remarks. — This is the form about which there has been so much discus- sion. Salvin and Godman in Biol. Cent. Am. I, p. 244, mention its pecu- liarities and say that the pale color of the throat is perfectly constant, but that they do not consider this a distinctive character. Ridgway in Birds of North and Middle America, II, p. 393, foot-note, again calls attention to the differences shown by the Chiriqui bird and very hesitatingly refers it to true D. cayana on account of lack of material. In my way of looking at the geographical races of birds I can see no al- ternative but to give this form a name. It is remarkable that in Chiriqui there should be a race of Dacnis cayana so exactly like the South American form in general coloration, except for the throat, and yet cut off from that form and nearly surrounded by the dark colored Z>. cayana uUramarhia. There are, however, many other peculiar forms in Chiriqui with equally restricted ranges. It is also remarkable that the bird of central Peru should be so much like the Chiriqui form, from which it differs chiefly in size. The measure- ments given by Von Berlepsch and Stolzmann for their Dacnis cayana glaucogularis from La Merced are : Wing, 66.5 to 67 ; tail, 45 to 49.5 ; tarsus, 15; culmen, 13 (two adult males). Mr. Harry C. Oberholser has kindly compared my Chiriqui male and one in the National Museum with five skins of D. cayana glancoyularis from Peru and finds the difference in size to he constant, and the Chiriqui form also to be paler and more greenish in color. Calospiza lavinia cara subsp. nov. HONDIRAS TANAGER. Type from Ceiba, Honduras, c5^ young adult. No. 10,024, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected January 9, 1902, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Characters. — Similar in color to C. lavinia lavinia (Cassin) from northern Colombia to Nicaragua, but much larger with a much longer and more slender bill. MKASUREMENTS. No. Sex. Wing. Tail. I Tarsus. ' ^'^P^l^J* 10.024 d" type 73 ' 50.5 j 19 10.025 9 topotype 70 48 17.2 12.4 12 Remarks. — In a paper on the birds and mammals collected by Mr. Brown on the coast of Honduras * I mentioned the peculiarities of these two * Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. XXXIX, No. 6, p. 155, July, 1903. 156 Bangs — Seven New Suhsperies of American Birds. specimens, and called attention to the fact that the place whence they came was the most northern from which the species had been recorded. Since then I have examined a number of additional skins of true C. lavinia from all of which the Honduras bird diflfers so much in size and length of bill, that it must certainly be regarded as a well-defined subspecies quite worthy of recognition by name. Phoenicothraupis rubica confinis subsp. nov. HONDURAS ANT TANAGER. 7)/pe from Yaruca, Honduras, J" adult, No. 10,034, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected February 25, 1902, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Characters. — Adult c? intermediate in color between true P. rubica of South America and P. mhica r'macea of Costa Rica to Panama — much darker, more vinaceous red than in rubica, but lacking the dusky mottling on throat of tmwc^rt. Compared with the male of P. rubica rubicoides of southern Mexico, the new form is much deeper red and vinaceous below and much redder, less brownish above. Adult $ quite different in color from that sex in the allied forms — much greener than in true rubica with little of the reddish brown shade so marked, especially on tail, in that form ; crown patch clearei-, paler yellow. Not so greenish in general color- ation as rinacea with the throat much yellower, wholly lacking the dusky mottling. From the female of rubicoides the new form differs in much greener less brownish general coloration and in having the yellowish throat patch much more clearly marked and much yellower, less brownish. Size a little less than in P. rubica rubica. MEASUREMENTS. No. Sex. Wing. Tail. Tarsus. Culmen. 10,034 10,035 10,036 10,037 10,038 10,039 (5* ad. type .... d^ ad. topotype . . . cJ^ad. do 9 ad. do 9 ad. do 9 ad. do 98 97 94.4 90 86 91 80.6 82 77 75 69.6 72.4 23.2 24" 24 24 23.2 23 18 18.6 17.6 17.4 18 Remarks. — The six specimens on which this well-marked new form is based had lain in my collection identified as P. rubica rubicoides ever since Mr. Brown sent them in, until last winter, when E. W. Nelson saw them and instantly declared them to represent a new form. He very kindly helped me compare them with ample material, when it at once became evident that the form from the coast region of Honduras is quite as strongly characterized as any of the geographical races of PlicenicoOiraupis rubica. Vol. XVIII, pp. 157-160 June 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON t \ MAMAIA AND MAMAIID^. BY THOMAS R. R. 8TRBBING. Parental affection will excuse and may almost demand on my part a defense of the terms Mamaia and Mamaiidfe against the rival claims of Faramaya, recently advocated ,by Miss Mary J. Rath- bmi in these proceedings (Vol. XVIII, p. 73, February 21, 1905). We are in substantial agreement as to the general prin- ciples that should govern zoological nomenclature, but the facts of the particular case to which those principles are applied re- quire to l)e rather narrowly scrutinized. Briefly to recapitulate, the position is this : Lamarck in 1801 pul)lished a generic name Maja (or Maia), which by prompt transfer came into use for the crab known down to the present day as Maia sqidnado (Herbst). This Maja or Maia is now admitted to be untenable. In 1887 de Haan published, without description, two figures of a species called on the plate " Pirn (.Paravmi/a) spinigera, n." In 1889 he published a description of " Maja iMaja) spinigera, n. sp.," with a reference to the plate "T. XXIV. f, 4 9 {Para- wat/a)," and in 1849, under " Errata in tabulis specierum," he writes "Tab. XXIV. fig. 4 : Maja iParamaya) sjrinigera. n.; lege : M. iMaja) spinig." It should be noticed that neither in 1889 nor in 1849 does de Haan quote the plate legend quite accurately, since on both occasions he uses Paramaya, a word of four syllables, instead of Paramaya, which by the marks of diuresis was made a word of five syllables, unless we take the y 26— I'Roc. Broi.. Soc. Wash., Vol.. XVIII, 190.5. (|.")7) 158 Stebbing — Maiiiaia and Mattiaiidse. to represent the Dutch i j, which would throw some doubt on the Latinity of Paramaya. Miss Rathbun argues that it was not within de Haan's com- petence, after the publication of his plate, to make the change which he recorded in his text. But here a question arises of somewhat wider interest than the immediate subject of our con- troversy . In the introduction to his very valuable " Index Animalium " (p. vii, Cambridge, 1902) Mr. C. D. Sherborn lays down a rule, for which he is liimself, I imagine, exclusively responsible. He says : The figure depicted on a plate may, or may not, be the drawing in- tended by the author, it is the work of the artist who is also responsible for the de^^criptive legend. In numerous instances the descriptive legend on a plate is quite erroneous, and has been repudiated by the author in his text. Until the text descriptive of a plate appears, the names on the plate must be considered as noniimi nuda, and it is open to any one to de- scribe and rename such noinimi nuda." Olndously for my present purpose this legislation would l)e completely decisive, as showing that Pardmai/a had no validity up to the time when it was disowned and cancelled by its reputed author. To me, however, Mr. Sherborn 's statement seems too sweeping. I can not accept his dictum that the artist is respon- sible for the descriptive legend on a plate, in any other sense than that which would make the printer responsible for the descrip- tive legend on a page of text. In each case, as we all know, the author's intention may be sadly misrepresented, but in the long run we find ourselves deeply indebted to the general ac- curacy l)oth of printers and lithographers. There are cases in which a good figure will tell much more than an indifferent de- scription , and in these there seems no reason why the satisfactory figure should not be allowed to give validity to the accompanying name of a species. But this is not the same thing as saying that any and every figure should have the privilege even in regard to specific names. Much more will the license require restric- tion when genera or subgenera are in question. Can we really be expected to accept de Haan's two figures of the species spinigera as an adequate definition of a new subgenus ? How could that be adequate for the rest of the world, when it was not adequate for the author himself ? Paramaya of the figures was Stebbing — Mamaia and Mamaiidas. 159 a tiuligciiusof Pisa, hut this subgenus was never described, simply because investigation showed that there was no such sul)genus. It was not the name only that was dropped, but the thing. That which de Haan eventually described was a subgenus, not of Pisa, hut oi Ma ja. It must be considered fortunate that he did not choose to name it 7*rtraina?/a, for, had he done so, we should have been saddled with a generic name and several others consequent upon it all signifying a relationship to Maja, when carcinolog}^ no longer possessed a Maja to which they could be either nearlyor distantly related. Under these circum- stances I trust that Mamaia and Mamaiidas will be allowed to stand . Vol. XVIll, pp. 161-162 June 29, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF TROCHILIDAE. BY HARRY C. OBERHOLSER. A single specimen of a hummingbird in the collection of the Field Colnmbian Museum of Chicago seems to represent a new genus as well as a new species. It is here described through the courtesy of Mr. Charles B. Cory, the Curator of Birds in this museum. Aeronympha* gen. nov. CIi(trs. gtn.— Wings of moderate length, reaching when closed to within about 12 millimeters of the end of the tail ; none of the primaries narrowed, but much as in Vest! pedes and Ci/nnnleshia; tail about two-thirds the length of wing, and forked for one-fourth its own length, the rectrices obtusely and ratlier abruptly pointed, al)out 7 mm. in width, very gradually becom- ing slightly less than this basally ; ni)i>er fourth of tarsus feathered, and togetlier with the lower tibia, enveloped in a small tuft of light-colored feathers, reaching on the former about half-way to the toes ; bill not long, butexceediugthe head,straiglit,subcylindrii'al, moderately slender, slightly dilated laterally near the base, and ratlier abruptly pointed at the tip, neither maxilla nor mandible with any trace of subterminal serrations; nostrils covered by the frontal feathers which extend out on maxilla for nearly one-third tlie length of bill measured from the rictus, and consider- ably beyond tlie feathering between tiie rami of the mandible. Type. — Aeronympha prosaniis sp. nov. * drip, iiir; vufiipij, nynipli. •J7-Pi:oc. Biol. Soc. \V.\.sii., Vol. XYHI, 1905. (ini) 162 Oherholsei — A New Genus and Speeies of TrochilUlae. It is rather difficult to say with what genus this new bird shows closest affinity, since if it should prove to be a female it possibly lacks the tail- development of the male. From Cyanolesbla it differs in much shorter, less deeply forked tail, presence of tibio-tarsal tufts, and rather more narrow, abruptly, less sharply pointed bill. From Vestipedes {—Eriocnemis) it may readily be distinguished by tlie more narrow tail-feathers, much less con- spicuous development of the tibio-tarsal tufts, less extensively feathered tarsus, and the greater extent of the frontal feathering on the base of the maxilla. From Zodalia, which it seems most to resemble, it may be sepa- rated by its relatively shorter, less deeply forked tail, with more sharply pointed rectrices. slightly stouter bill, and the presence of well marked tibio-tarsal tufts. Aeronympha prosantis sp. nov. Type.— From Colombia [Bogota]. No. 11,852, Field Columbian Museum Adult, sex unknown. Description. — Plumage of the upper parts metalHc, but not glittering; pileum and nape deep reddish violet, the feathersof the former with bUiish green tips ; upi)er back, scapulars, and sides of neck deep bottle green, merging gradually into the deep reddish violet of lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts; tail prune purple; wing-quills, greater and primary coverts fuscous, with a prune purple sheen ; median and lesser coverts deep reddish violet, those of the latter lying nearest the bend of the wing with broad bottle green edgings; anteorbital region (hind part of lores) black, the feathers with whitish bases; infraorbital stripe (continuous with lores) anteriorly black, posteriorly dull greenish; a conspicuous spot of creamy white just behind the eye; remainder of postocular region deep reddish violet like the nape; a rather broad streak of tawny ochraceous from the rictus to opposite the middle of the eye below the infraorbital stripe; rest of clreeks dull metallic parrot green with narrow edgings of tawny; chin reddish violet, the feathers with relatively large metallic grass green sub- terminal erescentic bars, and narrow tawny margins; remainder of lower parts metallic parrot green, the feathers of the medial portions and espe- cially of all the lower abdomen edged with tawny; the lower tail-coverts mostly tawny ochraceous with large central spots of green ; a tuft of slate colored white tipped downy feathers on each side of the lower abdomen ; tibio-tarsal tufts cream white; lining of wing deep reddish violet with con- siderable metallic green anteriorly. Length of wing, 64 ; lateral tail-feathers, 47; central tail-feathers, 33.5; exposed culmen, 15.3; bill from rictus, 20 ; tarsus, 6.5 ; middle toe, 5 ; middle claw, 3.5 mm. Unfortunately the only example of this hummingbird is without indica- tion of sex, date, or further locality than " Colombia." It is, however, of the well-known Bogota make, and came probably from that vicinity. It has the appearance of being a female, but an adult. Vol. XVIII, pp 163-166 June 29, 1905 PPxOCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON - ;i>-. t'^^/'^AS'^ TWO NEW CHIPMUNKS FROM COLORADO AND ARIZONA. BY C. HART MERRIAM. Both of the chipmunks here descrihecl are of unusual interest. One inhal)its the pinyon and juniper helt in the desert region of northeastern Arizona and southeastern Utah, and is one of the handsomest memliers of the genus ; the other is the common small chipmunk of the high mountains of Colorado ; it has been previously confused with quodrivittatus of ^ay, which proves to be a much larger species. The specimen on which Say's species was l)ased was collected l)y Long's Expedition to the Rocky Mountains on July 17 or 18, 1830, on the Arkansas River. The party, which included the naturalist Thomas Say, was encamped from the evening of July 16 to the morning of July 19, at a locality described as al)out thirty miles below " the place where the river leaves the niduntains," which would be about 26 miles below tlu' present Canyon City. Referring to this camp, Say states, "Among the animals taken here, was the four-lined squirrel (S. /ji-v/Unhis) a ver}' small and handsome species." This fixes the type locality with a definiteness not open to question. Recent field woi-k in eastern Colorado shows that two species of chipmunk occur in the region, one inhabiting the Boival zone in the liigh mountiiins, the other the Transition and Upper Sonoran foot hills, extending out toward the plain as far as the land is covered with a scattered growth of junipers. The 28-Pkuc. BiuL. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1906. (163) 1()4l Merriam — New Chipmunks from Cnlonuln and Arizona. inoiintain species is slightly i^mt^Ht'i" tlian the foot-liills form, hut tlu' name ''' qKadricittatii-s^' lias lu'en ('(immoiily applied to hoth. Say's original description is equally applical)le to hoth, except for the measurements, wliich were given as follows : Length from the nose to thi' hase of the tail, 4.f inches, of the tail, 3 of the hair at tip of the tail, 1 nearly." As we measure mammals nowadays, Sa^^'s measurements of body and tail are too small for even the smaller of the two species, but it must l)e remember(Ml that at the time Hay wrote, and for half a century afterwards, no ruh^s for th(^ measurement of mammals had Ix^m formulated, and that by the old method the dimensions recorded were considerably less than by prestmt methods. Furthermore, the ditfeiHaice in size of the two species is so slight that the fact that there are two species in the region appears to have thus far escaped the attention of naturalists. The third measurement given by Say, that of the length of hair at tip of tail, agrees best with the larger species — the tail liairs of the smaller one, particularly in worn summer pelage, falling (■onsi(lei'al)ly short of an inch. Field work coni, thus differing from the only other species it needs comparison with — /. melanoce- phaliis — which has the j^ellow of upperparts dull saffron or wax yellow and the underparts lemon or gamboge. It exactlj^ matches adult examples of /. r/irniidii in all other respects, as well as color, except in having the black of the head (which 29— Proc. Bioi.. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (167) 168 Bangs — What is Icterus Giialanensis Underwood? ends with the forehead in /. giraudn) extended back to beyond the eye, where it ends in a l)roken line. In I. melanocephalus the whole head down to the upper part of the neck is black. The accompanying drawing from a sketch made by Miller shows the distribution of black upon the head in tbe three species. Gualane?isis Giratidi Melanocephalus The measurements of the type are well within the extremes of those of Icterus giraadtl, which varies considerably in size throughout its extensive range. They show the bird to have been larger with a larger bill than the maxinunn size reached by /. melanocephalus, and altogether larger than Icterus prosthe- melas, the young of wliieh Ridgway suggests (Birds of N. and Mid. Am., Part II, p. 295, footnote, and in synonymy of /. prosthemelas, with a query, lo. 271.) I gitalanensis might pos- sil)ly be. Therefore, Icterus gualanevsis is, so to speak, an example of I. gi.raudii perfectly typical in every respect except in having the black of head extending somewhat farther l)ack. It comes from a region almost in the middle of the range of /. girninlii, so that it can hardly he a geographical form of that species, and the chances seem strongly in fa\T)r of its bring a " freak." Un- fortunately, how(n'er, this can not l)e considered as provecl, ami I. gualanensis must take its place among the nunil )vv of ' ' species ' ' of tropical American birds that rest on the strength of a single peculiar individual. Cases of this sort are not unconnnon among the humming birds and Hartert's method of treating them in his Trochilidse* seems to me the best that could be * Das Tierreich, Berlin, 1900. Bangs — ]'(liat is Idervs Gitalanensis Undenmodf 169 devised. He ineludes and de.scvilx's each under the genus to which it ))e]ongs, hut gives it nu nuniher. Thus all can be found in his review, and their supposed characters studied, but their inclusion does not augment the number of recognizable species in the genus or the faniil}-. Many other instances of the kind occur in other groups of birds ; a very striking case being in the genus Ramphocelus, where R. chrysopterus Boucard, R. inexpedatus Rothsch., R. diinstalli Rothsch. and R. festse Salvador! , all from Panama, and R. uropygialis Bonap. from Guatemala, rest each on the strength of a single peculiar individual. Panama has been so thoroughly overhauled and its tanagers collected in such series, that surely if any of these four supposed species were other than " freaks " or hybrids, additional examples must have turned up. Vol. XVIII, pp. 171-176 June 29, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW PLANTS FROM NEVADA. TT. BY AVEN NELSON. The .small genus Clconiclla seems to have had little attention in late years. In fact, 1x)th collectors and herbarium workers seem tetiole I to 4 times as long as the leaflets); leaflets from oblong to ellii)tic, generally rounded at both ends, sometimes subcordate at apex, 30— Pkoc. Biui.. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, igo.'i. (171) 172 Nelson — New Plants from Nevada. 8-14 mm. long; bracts simple (except possibly the lowest), oval to oblong, subcirrhate; sepals short, ovate, long-acuminate ; petals golden yellow, narrowly elliptic, about 5 mm. long, much surpassed by the stamens; stipe at length 15 mm. long, usually a little longer than the pedicel; style sub- ulate, 2 mm. or less long; capsule rhomboidal, when fully developed 8 mm, broad, a little less in length; seeds subspherical, 2-3 mm. long, straw- colored, smooth. I would pronounce this Dr. Watson's C. longipes grandiflora if he had not said that the seeds of that were dark colored and rugose or pitted. Mr. W. H. Hillman, while he was professor of botany at the University of Nevada, evidently studied the species verj"^ carefully. One of the sheets bears excellent drawings of the floral parts with the note, "possibly a new species." The sheet also bears the note, " common — giving the bright yel- low to the hills in May." Nevertheless, of the four specimens at hand, all but one are from Reno, by Hillman, by Cowgill, and by Jones, and dis- tributed as C. longippn. Mr. Jones also collected it the same year (1897) at Columbus, Nevada, but distributed it then as C. oblusifolia. Cleomella taurocranos sp. nov. Freely branched from a stout semiwoody tap-root, the main branches again freely branching from near the base, the branches ascending and the whole forming a subspherical plant 2-8 dm. in diameter; stems pale, nearly smooth, floriferous nearly to the base; leaves short-hispid, pale-green, on petioles as long or longer than the leaflets; leaflets oval to oblong or ob- lanceolate, 5-10 mm. long; the stipules a small fascicle of bristles ; flowers solitary-axillary, suiall ; sepals minute, terminatiug in a long bristle ; petals oblong, 4-5 nun. long, narrowed to a short claw ; filaments not exceeding the petals ; style about 2 mm. long ; the capsule smooth, about 4 mm. high or long, 10 mm. broad ; the valves enormously produced laterally, the broadly dome-shaped bases narrowed into the slightly deflexed horns ; the fruiting pedicels about 8 mm. loug, somewhat exceeding the slenderer re- curved stipe; seeds nearly spherical, smooth and pale. This strongly marked species is allied to C. obtusifolld but is at once recog- nized by its remarkable resemblance to the common tumble weed Ania- rnnlhus albns. In habit, color, general aspect of leaf and pubescence it is strongly suggestive of that. In its remarkable fruits one can not fail to recognize it. They are strongly suggestive of a bull or bison skull. The broad bases of the valves forming the face, on either side of which are the slightly depressed horns. But one sj^ecimen is known to me, Mr. C. R Orcutt's No. 1484, from a clay hill, Colorado Desert, San Diego County, California, June 23, 1888. Type in the Missouri Botanical Garden. Cleomella obtusifolia pubescens var. nov. Erect, 2-3 dm. high, branched from the crown of the tap-root, the main branches bearing numerous divaricate branchlets, all striate and more or less roughened with short fragile bristles ; leaves very numerous and crowded, somewhat roughened with kinked viscid hairs, the petiole shorter than the small leaflets ; the leaflets 5-8 mm. long, oval, ovate or oblanceo- Nelson — New Plants froin Nevada. 173 late, generally obtuse ; the stipiile^i consisting of several rather long flattened more or less persistent bristles ; flowers crowded on the brancblets, small ; sepals nearly linear, short, aristate ; petals oblong, obtuse, 3-4 mm. long, scarcely equalling the somewhat stouter pedicel; style slender, as long as the fruit ; fruit densely short-hispid or hirsute, about 3 mm. long, and some- what broader, the valves short-conical ; seeds straw-colored when dry, darker if wet, smooth, 1.5 mm. or less in length. The type was collected in the Mohave Desert, October 30, 1880, by Dr. Geo. p]ngelmann who indicated it as a new species and the specimen in the Missouri Bot. Gard. Herb, bears a herbarium name. Some one has penciled upon the sheet the varietal name under which I describe it in full. It is quite possible that it ought to be written Clfomel/a pubescens sp. iiov. It differs from C. oblusifolla in habit, pubescence, size of plant and flower and in the narrow, simple (not laciniate) sepals. I would place here also the following: C. A. Purpus 5562 and 6044 from southeastern Calif.; A. D. E. Elmer 3629, Lancaster, Calif.; and sheet No. 5617 in the Engelmann Herba- rium. Sphaerostigma senex sp. nov. A small annual mostly less than 2 dm. high, white hirsute-villous through- out ; stem simple, diminishing gradually from the base ; leaves from oblong to oval, irregularly dentate or crenate, diminishing uniformly from the base upward, the lower short petioled,3-5 cm. long, inflorescence a crowded somewhat drooping or secund spike; flowers white; sepals lanceolate, 7-8 mm. long, equalling the calyx 'tube and about as long as the ovary ; petals broadly oval or suborbicular, somewhat exceeding the sepals and about as long as the filaments and style which are subequal ; capsule short-villous, straight, linear, 12 mm. or more in length. Allied to S. Utahense but distinguished at once by the white flowers which are quite different in their parts. Only one sheet of specimens known to the writer and this deposited in the herbarium of the University of Nevada. Collected by G. H. True at Pyramid Lake, Washoe Co., June 9, 1903. Zaushneria argentea sp. nov. Silvery-gray throughout, the pubescence short and loose, herbaceous nearly or quite to the ground ; stems 2-3 dm. high, simple or with paired slender branchlets from some of the axils; leaves lanceolate-oblong or broader, generally widest near the middle and tapering to both ends, only the midvein discernible, rather numerous, besides the paired leaves often some fascicled ones in the axils (these representing the undeveloped branch- lets); flowers few, in a short terminal raceme; calyx pubescent, its lobes and the petals homochromous, subequal ; petals obovate, deeply bifid ; stamens not surpassing the petals and the stigma barely exserted. If the venation of the leaves has any significance as a diagnostic character (and from the examination of a number of specimens I am inclined to think it is one of the best) this is an excellent species. Following Dr. Greene's division (Pitt. 1 : 25) this falls in with Z. Californka in spite of its 171 Nelson — Xar Pla iifs from Neradd. much broader leaves whicli wmild ally it rather with Z. li(tij'(_>!i(i. From both of these species it difiers in its included stamens and its loose silvery pubescence. The only specimens I have are from Nevada, No. 278 by Kennedy and Doten, and No. 89(> (type) by Kennedy, from Broncho Creek, Washoe Co., August 17, 1904. Rhamnus Nevadensis sp. nov. Leaves herbaceous, the young leaves thinly so (not at all coriaceous), elliptic-oblong, mostly obtuse, minutely crenate-serrate, glabrous except for a slight puberulence on theconspicuous midrib and veins beneath, o-5 cm. long, on relatively short slender petiole.s ; flowers subnmbellate ; calyx small, its lobes broadly deltoid-triangulai', shorter than the tube; petals minute, nearly aborted, broadly obreniform not more than 1 mm. V)road, considerably sliorter, tlie apical notch very evident ; filament so short that the anther is partly enclosed by the minute petal ; fruit when mature about 1 cm. in diameter, subspherical (slightly bilobed), black; seeds 2, henu- spherioal but somewhat narrowed at base. This is a close ally of li. QtUfornicus Esch. From that, however, it dif- fers very essentially in its non-coriaceous leaves, its short calyx-lobes, its minute petals which are broader than long, its very short stamens, and its seeds which are narrowed at base. The complete and accurate description of R. Californ'mis by Dr. Greene in Fl. Fran., 80, serves to nicely bring out the distinctions between that species and R. Nevadensis. I base the species upon two collections; flowering specimens by M. E. Jones, near Reno, June 11, 1897; fruiting specimens by P. B. Kennedy, No. 95!^, Verdi, Sep- tember 29, 1904. Polemonium montrosensis sp. nov. Root woody, surmounted by a short branched caudex from which spring a few short (8-15 cm. long) stems and several-many much shorter leaves; minutely glandular-puberulent throughout but green and glabrous to the naked eye; leaflets crowded but distinct, 6-]2 pairs, broadly ovate, obovafe or orbicular, thin and delicately reticulate-veined, rounded-obtuse or some- times on the same plant subacute; inflorescence cymulose; calyx campan- ulate ; its lobes ovate, about H mm. long, efjualling the tube ; corolla pale blue, cam|)anulate-funnelform ; its tube not surpassing the calyx; its lobes suborbicular, entire, as long as the tube; stamens about equalling the corolla lobes; the fliaments slender, not dilated, minutely pubescent on the line of insertion only. Allied to P.elegnns Greene (Pitt. 3 : 305), but of somewhat diflerent habit and its corolla-tube not yellow. That species besides is extremely viscid, even more so than its near relative P. viscosum. In fact P. ni'mlrosrnsis has but little in connnon with P. degans, P. I'lscusum, and P. covferinia except leaf character. In habit and inflorescence it is ratlier allied to P. puMielluin , which name indeed the type specimens bore. No collections areat hand except the following : J. E. Church, June, 97; and S. B. Doten, Nchoii — Ncv Phivts fanii Xiradd. 175 July, 97; both collections from Mmiiit Rose, Nevada, probably from near the snow bank on the northwestern slope of its volcanic suituiiit. I name Doten's specimens as the tyjie. Bosleria Nevadensis gen. et sp. nov. A small viscid-pubescent annual with the hraiichinir habit and the leaf aspect of Phj/i^aUs; tap-root breaking' up into librous roots ; floral characters near those of tSolnnum ; flowers minute, less than 5 mm. long; calyx cleft nearly to the base into oblong subacute segments ; the tube of the corolla very short, its limb rotate-campanulate, with 5 short triangular a(;ute lobes ; stamens inserted in the throat of the corolla, a little shorter than the corolla lobes; the tilainents relatively broad, notso long as the conspicuous anther.s; connivent anthers open terminally by very evident pores but also easily rupture by longitudinal slits ; fruit not known ; probably a berry. The above description is a preliminary announcement of this solanaceous plant which seems to represent a very strongly marked genus. It was collected by Mr. G. H. True at Pyramid Lake, Washoe Co., Nevada, June 9, 11)03. Prof. Kennedy expects to collect in that region this year and liopes to secure it again in quantity for complete characterization. This is the second monotypic Solanaceous genus that Nevada has furnished, the other being Oryctes Nevadmsis. I wish to dedicate the genus to mj' college friend, Mr. Frank C. Hosier, of Carlisle, Pa., whose scholarly interest in scientific work is greath' appreciated, and whose active interest in the develojjment of the West both as regards its educational phases and its physical resources makes such recognition fitting. Artemisia Kennedyi sp. nov. Perennial from rootstocks, 6-10 dm. high, the stems erect, simple, 6-10- striate, puberulent ; leaves 5-12 cm. long, numerous, mostly lanceolate, the lower more or less dentate and laciniate, the upper and floral entire, acute, all green and glabrous on the upper face with often numerous minute scattered resinous particles, permanently and closely lanate-tomentose on the lower face; panicle narrow or sometimes freely branched below and thus pyramidal, 3-5 dm. long, quite leafy below but the leaves passing into linear bracts al>ove; heads crowded, ovoid, 3-4 mm. high, involucre per- manently white-lanate; its bracts involved in the wool, broadly spatulate, the margins and the upper half membranous; flowers liberally sprinkled with large resin particles, 12-20 in number, about equally divided between the slender marginal pistillate ones and the larger hermaphrodite ones of the disk, all fertile. Mr. C. V. Piper in his article, New and Noteworthy Northwestern Plants (Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 28 : 42), clears up the confusion as to that maritime species which has been known by the untenable names A. valgark Cali- fornica Besser, and A. liderophylla Nutt. To this plant he gives the name A. Suksdorfii and definitely limits it to the sea-coast species. That was in fact done by most of the earlier writers as well, but some collectors and writers have confused with it this, inland species of the same general habit 176 Nelson — New Plants from Nevada. and, like that, with tlie leaves jilabrous above. Tlie two are, however, readily separated even in the field, for A. Suksdorfil always has the pale green, shining, glabrate, slender involucres and the few flowered heads (5-8) while A. Kennedyl is with equal uniformity white-lanate on the broad involucre and the heads are many flowered (12-20). In the former the tomentum is close fine and felted, giving to the under side of the leaf a white-glaucous hue in strong contrast to the dark green of the upper face ; in the latter the tomentum is looser and easily recognized as wool by the unaided eye. One is a seacoast species ; the other of the hills and valleys, and extends into the dry interior. I take as type Prof Kennedy's No. 9()o, Verdi, Washoe Co., Nevada. I place here also the following: Kennedy and Doten, 423, French Meadows, California, August, 1901 ; IMichenerand Bioletti, L. Temescal, August, 1891 ; A. A. Heller, 7195, Pacific Grove, August, 1903; 7209, hills near Los Gatos, September, 1903. Vol. XVIII, pp 177-184 June 29, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON XEW AMERICAN BEES. BY T. D. A. COCKERELL. The described bees of North America, iiichiding Central America and the West Indies, nuinbci- nearly 2,000 species, while Europe has upward of 1,S00, not counting the Pahearctic portion of Africa. New species are still frequently found in Europe, while in our own country there are vast areas of which the bees are still practically unknown, and it is ])robably well within the mark to suppose that we have in reality at least 0,000 species. It is not surprising, therefore, that recent col- lections are found to contain many undescribed forms, some of which are hercAvith recorded. It is much regretted that in sev- eral cases the collectors' data are not more complete, but there is rapid improvement in this respect., and it is hoped that the time will soon come when we shall be supplied with not only precise localities and dates, but flower-visiting records as well. It will l»e ob.served that the species most deficient in these respects come from old collections. Synhalonia cressoniana ^p. nov. [u'ludlf. — Lenj^th ii little over 10 mm.; pubescence in general wliite, but denize and ratber lively ochraceous on thorax above, and tinged with the same color on occiput ; abdomen shining black (though be.«et with numer- ous minute punrtures), with four entire, well-defined, rather narrow white hair-bands, occupying the base of the second segment, and the margins of the second to fourth, those on the third and fourth being purer white, and 31— Proc. BioI,. Soc. WA.SH., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (]77j 178 Cocherell — New American Bees. a little broader ; fifth segment with the hair brown-black or very dark chocolate in the middle, white at the sides; sixth with it very dark choco- late; ventral segments 4 and 5 with much short dark red hair about their middle and on hind margin ; spurs pale, normal ; tegulfe rufous ; wings short, clear, nervures ferruginous ; hair on inner side of basal joint of hind tarsi ferruginous; facial quadrangle about square; flagellum, except basally, fer- ruginous beneath. This is one of the belfragei group, and is best defined by comparison with other species. It can not be the 9 of .S'. lepida Cr., because the disc of mesothorax is dull and densely punctured (in lepida shining with well-separated punctures, though the anterior part is dull and densely and minutely rugoso-punctate, in complete contrast), and the mar- ginal cell is conspicuously shorter, and more rounded at the end. It has nearly the appearance of lionesta, so far as regards the thoracic pubescence and abdominal bands; but honeKia, according to Robertson, is the cJ* of bel- fragei, with which it certainly agrees (differing from cressoniana) in having the hind margins of the second and third abdominal segments free from pubescence, the bands not being really marginal. From S. belfragei 9, cressonwna differs greatly in its smaller size; in the base of the second abdominal segment having a conspicuous liglit band (in belfragei the base is perfectly black, the second segment having only one band); and in the ferruginous under side of flagellum. From .S'. rir^ff/rt {S. belfragei virgaia Ckll.) it differs by its narrower abdomen, with a conspicuous band at base of second segment; the lack of light ventral hair-bands ; the rounded apex of marginal cell; thecolor of theantennse, etc. From S. fuwleri CkU. it diffi^rs by the bright ochraceous hair of thorax above ; the much redder antennte ; the very distinctly though densely punctured disc of mesothorax (this part infowleri being granular with separated weak punctures); and in havingthe black parts of the abdomen distinctly punctured and bare, not covered over with black tomentum. The punctation of the abdomen resembles greatly that of }felis.'f,/,_0ak Creek Canyon, Arizona, 6,000 feet. August. F. H. Snow 1985. Melissodes hortivagans sp. nov. y[„le. — Length about 13.5 nnn.; black, rather stout; head and thorax with abundant grayish-white pubescence very faintly tinged with ochraceous above, scutellum with some sliort black hair; eyes pale yellowish-gray; head broad, facial quadrangle not far from square; clypeus (excepta small spot on each side), iabrum and basal half of mandibles lemon-yellow ; apical part of mandibles with a fulvous stripe; antenna; rather long, third joint mucli longer than second ; fourth longest of all, but notas long as the next two together ; last joint normal; flagellum wholly bright ferruginous beneath ; mesothorax and scutellum shining and well-punctured ; tegulte red, fuscous in front; wings very strongly stained with yellow, stigma fer- ruginous, nervnies dark ferruginous; second submarginal cell much sliorter than first or third, oblique but with almost equal sides; first recurrent nervure entering it not much beyond the middle ; hair of legs wholly pale, that on inner side of tarsi orange-ferruginous ; tarsi ferruginous, as also are the tibiae at apex and largely on inner side ; abdomen with conspicuous but rather narrow entire median {ov submedian) white hair-bands on seg- Cockerell — Knv AmcrircDi B^cti. 181 nients 2 to 4, and more or less of a basal band on '2 ; bind niai>;in of first segment narrowly dull wbite; tiftb and following segments witb black liair, but tbe liair on tlie apex of fiftli is partly ligbt, producing a rather ill-detined ligbt band ; spines at sides of fifth and sixtli segments well de- veloped ; apical plate dark red, with the apical part black, squarely and deeply notched at sides; hair of venter entirely reddish-fuscous, not very dark. In my tables it runs to ^f. cnmnmnis Cress., but it is easily separated by its larger size, red tegulse, much less black hair on thorax, and very yellow wings. I at first thought it might be a form of M. illinoensis Rob. (which I know only from description), but it is larger, the venation appears to be difl'erent, and the wings are strongl\' yellow ; the ornamentation of the abdomen also appears to be different. It must also resemble M. coinp- toides Rob., but the dark hair on scutellum, the light hair on fifth abdom- inal seguient, and other characters are sufficient for separation. In its build, and the banding of the abdomen, it is very much like M. hlakeiCkW., 9 , but close comparison shows that it can not well be the male of that species. Habitat. — Garden City, Kansas. August, 1895. H. W. Menke. From the University of Kansas, No. 1062. M. hortivagans var. a. A series of five males and one female from Morton Co., Kansas, 3,200 feet (F. H. Snow 1787, 435, 433, 432, 431, 1788) must be referred to M. hor- tivagans as a variety. The males agree with Jtorlivagans, except that they have the stature of communis. The female resembles communis (taking the Georgia examples as typical), but differs by being more robust, with a much broader abdomen ; the legs with less light hair ; and more space between the sides of the black patch on the mesothorax and the tegute, owing to the fact that the thorax is broader than in communis, while the black patch remains the same size. The tegulte are dark with a narrow reddish margin. Both sexes were taken in June. Melissodes galvestonensis sp. nov. Female. — Length about 11 mm.; hair of face and cheeks white, of occi- put faintly yellowish ; vertex with black hairs, not very numerous; flagel- lum, after second joint, rather dark ferruginous beneath ; mandibles with a broad rufo-fulvous apical stripe ; thorax above with dense, short deep, rufo-fulvous hair, a patch on hind middle of mesothorax, and anterior part of scutellum, exposed, shining but strongly punctured ; hair of lower part of pleura black in front, white behind, that of the rest of pleura grayish or dull ; tegulaj rufous, dark in front ; wings dusky, nervures dark fuscous ;. hair of legs pale but dull ; a sooty patch on outer side of middle tibiae ; hair on inner sideof basal joint of hind tarsi, and their tibiae except at extreme base, bright ferruginous, scopaon outside of these joints white or yellowish- white, in the type filled with bright orange pollen ; abdomen with an en- tire but narrow median band on second segment, and basal bands on 2 and 3, of yellowish tomentum ; 4 covered with white tomentum, except a 182 Cockerell — Neio American Bees. median apical transverse area ; remaining segments with perfectly black hair, but a good deal of long white hair at extreme sides of fifth ; hair of venter dark reddisb-fnscous, white at sides ; first ventral segment with a pair of broad oblique bright orange bands. In all respects very close to M. tepaneca Cr., from which it is known by the black hair of lower part of pleura in front, the much darker flagellum, the entirely white hair of face, the white outer scopa of hind legs, etc. It also nearly agrees with 3f. comp- toldes Rob., but will be easily known from that by the color of the hair on hind tarsi, and other characters. 3/«/f.— Length about 11 mm.; clypeus lemon yellow with a black spot on each side ; mandibles with a large yellow basal spot ; antennae long, third joint a little longer than second, tlagellum bright ferruginous beneath ; hair of cheeks white, of face rather dull white, of occiput very long and yellowish, of vertex without black ; hair of thorax above fulvous, of pleu?-a dull yellowish white; teguUe red, dark basally ; second abdominal seg- ment with a narrow median entire white band ; third and fourth segments with extremely broad basal bands of white tomentum, from which spring scattered black bristles ; hair of fifth and following segments entirely black ; legs with fulvous hair, the short hair on inner side of hind tibiae fuscous; abdomen broader than in 3f. tepaneca or M. kallslroemise. Easily known from tepaneca by the white (not yellowish-stained) bands of third and fourth abdominal segments, the absence of long white hairs at sides of fifth, the dark hair on inner side of hind tibije, and the dark apices of wings. By the color of the abdominal bands it resembles M. kalhlrnemix var. phenacohh'n, but it is a stouter insect, and the hair of the liind legs is quite differently colored. Habitat— G'A\\e»ioi\, Texas. May. F. H. Snow 2077 and 2080. Eniphoropsis rugosissima sp. nov. Female. — Like E.floridana (Smith), but a little larger and more robust ; wings less darkened, and the second submarginal cell more narrowed above; hair of occiput yellowish-white (black in ftondana), a tuft of pale hair also on each side of antennte; clypeus coarsely rugose ; extreme sides of fifth abdominal segment with some long glittering white liairs ; scopa of hind tarsi shorter and denser, brown-black or very dark puri>lish-fuscous. The hair of the cheeks and the pleura (except the extreme upper part) is black ; that of the thorax above is pale ochraceous, not at all mixed with black. Habitat. — Nevada (no other particulars known) ; in coll. Amer. Ent. So- ciety; loaned through Mr. Viereck. The E.floridana used for comparison is from Georgia (Cresson collection). Xenoglossa utahensis sp. nov. Female.— About 14 mm. long, broad ; head, thorax and abdomen en- tirely rather dark reddish-brown or ferruginous ; legs bright ferruginous ; pubescence very pale ochraceous, becoming dull white on labrum, cheeks, Cockerell — New American Bees. 183 lower part of pleura, extreme base of abdomen, etc.; abdomen finely punc- tured, delicately pniinope, tomentose at extreme lateral base of second seg- ment; the tomeiituin forming a band across third segment, and covering the following ones, quite ochraceous on the last two ; scape clear red (rest of antenna^ absent in type) ; clypeus convex, as closely punctured as pos- sible; ocelli large ; mandibles bidentate at apex, and witli the apical half outside mainly shining orange ; maxillary palpi G-jointed, the second and third very long, the last three small, the last two very miimte ; tegulse light ferruginous; wings rather yellowish, nervures ferruginous. The hind tibia and tarsi, with the black dots, the scopa, etc., are exactly as in A'. pruhiosa, hut the hind spur is somewhat longer; the inner tooth of the claws is considerably shorter than in pruinosa. The apical plate is broad. Manifestly a Xmm/losKa, notwithstanding the palpi. It is smaller and much duller colored than A', palricia. Habitat. — Utah (no other particulars known) ; in the Cresson collection. Loaned through Mr. Viereck. Anthophora porterse semiflava var. nov. M(ih'.—L\ght hair of thorax above, first abdominal segment and occi- put yellowish ; a long light fulvous tuft behind anterior ocellus. A color variety only, but quite a striking one. Habitat.— Fort Collins, Colorado. May 28, 1904. S. A. Johmon. Diandrena nothocalaidis sp. nov. 3fc(/c.— Length, 8 mm.; head, thorax and abdomen olive-green; legs, antennae and mandibles black ; pubescence long and erect, pale ochraceous dorsally, white on pleura, cheeks and face except at sides, where it is black ; a little tuft of black hair above the top of each eye; head large, facial quadrangle much broader than long; cheeks broad; tegulse shining black ; stigma and nervures dull ferruginous, the latter quite light; base of metathorax sliglitly longitudinally wrinkled. In all respects very close to D. chdiybfea (Cress.), from the Pacific coast region, and Mr. Viereck sug- gests that it may be a race of that insect. As the locality is so far from that of cliali/lh'ea, Rnd my quite considerable series is constant, I treat it as a distinct species. On May 17 my wife took two females, one at flowers of Nofhoctdaifi, the other at Antennaria. The former is dark bluish-green (the alKlomen bluer than the thorax), the latter dark olive-green ; but they are manifestly conspecific. Length, just over 9 mm., diff'ering from D. chn/ybiea by having the hair of the head all black, except that on the occiput, which is partly pale, with a reddish tint; flagellum entirely black; hair of legs black or sooty ; foin-th abdominal segment with a rather distinct pale and slightly reddish hair-band; apical fimbria dilute black. The process of labrum is emarginate, and the black facial foveae extend downwards only to the level of the antennae, or an almost imperceptible distance beyond. i/^r/6;7fl^.— Boulder, Colorado, numerous at flowers of Nothocalais, May 3 and some days after. T. D. A. and W. P. Cockered. 184 Cocherell — Nev^ American Bees. Triepeolus hopkinsi sp. nov. Male. — Length, about 8.5 mm.; black with pale grayish-creamy markings, hair of face white; eyes light greenish-yellow ; mandibles reddish in mid- dle; labrnm dark reddish; antenna:" black, only the third joint red beneath ; stripes on anterior part of mesothorax not joined by pubescence ; tegulee deep coppery-red ; scntellum strongly bilob'ed; lateral teeth black, sharp and rather large; wings a little dusky, nervures piceous ; legs (except coxfe) entirely red, spurs red; hair on inner side of basal joint of hind tarsi light orange; abdomen obconical not at all globose, with six uniform entire bands of tomentum ; black area on first segment a transverse band, on second pointed laterally; both the elevated ventral fringes entirely creamy-white. Close to T. occidentalis Cr., but distinguished by its smaller size, the color of the spurs, the narrow apical plate of the abdomen, and the anterior process of pubescence on sides of second abdominal segment large and directed antero-mesad, in the manner of T. callopus, only it is broader than in that insect. The lower part of the pleura, as in occidentalis, is extremely densely punctured, but it is only partly bare of pubescence. In many respects it resembles T. isocom^ CkW., but it is easily distinguished by the color of the pubescence of the hind tarsi, the seminude lower part of pleura, etc. It also much resembles T. callopus Ckll., and I should think it might be the undescribed male of that insect, were it not for the different color of the spurs, and the much more developed lateral teeth of the scutellum. Habitat. — Grand Canyon of the Colorado, Arizona, August 3, 1904. (Webb). Received from Mr. Viereck, to whom it has been returned. It is named after Professor Hopkins, who sent it to Mr. Viereck, and who has (lone good work in the region of the Grand Canyon. Vol. XVIII, pp. 185-188 June 29, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON GENERAL NCrfES. TWO SPECIMENS OF CH.ETURA CELEBENSIS (SCLATER). The United States National Museum has recently received the fifth and sixth known specimens of the great Celebesian swift from Dr. Daniel G. Beebe, a member of the Philippine Scientific Association, who, for some time past, has been engaged in the lumbering business, at Isabella, on the island of Basilan, P. I. This, one of the largest and handsomest, as well as almost the rarest known of the swifts, was described by Sciater (P. Z. S., p. 608, 1865) from two specimens from Manado, N. Celebes; after thirty years it was recorded from the Philippine island of Negros by Mr. W. Eagle Clarke; and, in March, 1895, a third Celebesian specimen was obtained by Messrs. P. and F. Sarasin from Tomohon. The two skins sent by Dr. Beebe had been well prepared by Senor Ramon de Larracochea, of Isabella, Basilan, and reached the Museum in excellent condition. They are doubtless adult males, as they exceed in size the measurements of the three Celebes specimens ; and bothhavetwo white spots on the sides of the forehead. The female figured in Meyer and Wiglesworth (Birds of the Celebes, pi. xii) has these spots reddish brown This species has the upper tail-coverts greatly enlarged and with thickened shafts. The spiny shafts of the rectrices do not extend so far beyond the webs as in Chselura giganten (Temminck). From the skins (Nos. 192,474-5, U. S. National Museum) I have taken the following measurements: Length, 240, 255; wing, 215, 215; tail, 75,75; bill from frontal feathers (chord), 8.5,9.6; bill from anterior margin of nostril, 6.1, 7.1 ; tarsus, 19, 20; middle toe with claw, 22.5, 22.5 mm. The measurements of Celebesian adults is given as follows : "total length nearly 229 mm., wing 203, tail 71, tarsus 16.5." "A specimen in the Sarasin Collec- tion marked ' $ juv.' (l)ut we cannot see any signs of immaturity)," meas- ures : " wing 208 mm., tail 63, tarsus 16, nostril c. 6." (Meyer and Wigles- worth.) Two American swifts — Hemiprocne zonaris (Shaw) and IF. semlcoUaris (Saussure) — slightly exceed the dimensions of these Basilan specimens. "Dagit dagit" the name given to this species by the Basilan IMoro natives, signifies swiftness. — Edgar A. Mearnx. 32— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 190.i. (is,i) ^•^ASS ISO General Notes. THE NAME OF THE PANAMA GREEN HONEY CREEPER. In Birds of North and Middle America, Part II, Ridgway in treating of the genus Chlorophanei^ allowed but one form, C. spiza guatemalensis (Scl.), to the region extending from Panama northward, and placed C. spizn exsul Berlepsch questionably in synonomy, saying he liad seen no specimens. Examples of this species, however, from Panama and Chiriqui are much smaller, with much shorter bills, than those from riuatemala, Honduras, 'Nicaragua, etc., though they do not differ materially in color, and the Panama bird is strictly referable to C. spiza exuul. An adult male of this subspecies in my collection from Paramba, northern Ecuador, agrees ex- actly witli birds from Panama and Chiriqui. It seems, therefore, neces- sary to recognize two forms instead of one for Central America, which with their ranges would be as follows : Chlorophmies spiza exsul Berl., northern and western Ecuador, north through Panama to Chiriqui. i'liloropltniies Kj>izii gudieuialensis (Scl.) Central America from Guatemala south probably to Costa Rica. Hartert (Novitates Zoologicje, 5, 1898, p. 481), has already pointed out the characters that distinguish the four geographical races of Cldorophanes spiza, and the purj)ose of the i)resent note is merely to call attention to the fact that ttie sn jspecies of the Panama region is exsul, and not gnaiemnlensis. The differences in size and length of bill in the four recognized races are as follows: C. spha spiza, .Aripo, Trinidad, No. 15,233, d' adult : Wing, 70; tail, 48 ; tar- sus, 18; exposed culmen, 15.5. C. s. ccerulescens, Rio Lima, Colombia, No. 8898, cJ* adult: Wing, 71; tail, 47; tarsus, 17; exposed culmen, 13. C.s. guatemnlensis, Ceil)a, Honduras, No. 10,167, c? adult: Wing, 74.5; tail, 50.5; tarsus, 19; exposed culmen, 18.5. C.s. exsul, Paramba, northern Ecuador, No. 15,210, c^ adult: Wing, 69; tail, 44 ; tarsus, 17 ; exposed culmen, 14.5. C. s. exsul, Divala, Chiriqui, No. 8199, cJ* adult: Wing, 68; tail, 45 ; tarsus, 18; exposed culmen, 15. — Outram Bangs. ON THE CORRECT NAME FOR THE MOUNTAIN THRUSH OF THE LESSER ANTILLES. I have already shown (Smith Miscell. Coll., Quarterly Issue, XLVII, part 2, p. 288, Nov. 8, 1904) that Tardus montanus Lafresnaye (1844) is preoccu- pied by Voigtl831, Audubon 1838, and Townsend 1839. I was then under the impression that Margarops ulbiventris Lawrence was the next available name, but this does not prove to be the case, as I had overlooked a note by Cabanis (Journ. fiir Ornith., p. 350, 1874), wherein he states that he had examined tlie ty[)e of Hartlauli's Tardus apiadis said to have been from Senegal, and that it was without much doubt this species. Turning to Hartlaub's description in his System Ornith. AVest-africa's, p. 76, 1857, where he credits the specific name to Lichtenstein ( Cralernpus apical.is, Nomencl. Av., p. 27, 1854 — nomen nudum), we find a good diagnosis of tlie present species. If this view is the correct one, the species should be known as Allenia apicalis. — J. H. RUey, Wasldnglon, D. C. General Notes. 187 NOTE OX ARABIS PEDICELLATA A. NELSON* My attention has been called to tliis species again by coming across a very close diiplirate of tlie tyjie in ]\[r. C. F. Baker's recently distril)uted specimens from Nevada, No. 991. This on Dr. Greene's determination has gone out as Parryn Mevziem Greene. On looking up that species I find tliat Arnhis pedicellata is quite specifically distinct from Parrya MenziesH, though undoubtedly both sliould be referred to the same genus. My first thought was that Aral)ispedici'Jl(ii(i\\o\\V\ have to become Purrya pedicellaia. Accord- i ngly the distinction between the two genera came up for consideration. Be- tween Pan-yn proper and Arabis the distinctions may be fairly well drawn, though they are no more pronounced than between the sections of Arnhis as that genus is now constituted. On the other hand, the Pltaenicaidisseciion of Parrya and some of the species of A rabis are very closely related. The type species, P. Menziesn, of this section has in turn been referred to a number of different genera at different times, even by the same author. Nuttall inten- tionally and thoughtfully separated it from Parrya (T. & G. Fl. N. A. 1 : 89). Dr. Greene coincides in this opinion (Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 13 : 143) at first, but later remands it to Parrya (Fl. Fr. 253), while Dr. Watson refers it to Oieiranllius. All these translocations seem to have had for their raison d'etre the re- puted peculiar habit and the broad straight flat ensiform pods. But in the recent Nevadan specimens, cited above, these characteristics break down (see description of A. pediceflaln, 1. c. — a description which seems to need no cliange). The characters given below apply with equal .force to the Pliaenicaulls sedion of Parrya and to many typical species of Arabis. Stems either erect or decumbent at base, from a woody caudex, leafy- bracteate : leaves more or less clustered at base, entire: the cauline auri- cled or sagittate at base : sepals erect, more or less gibbous at base : petals clawed, with a patulous blade, exceeding the sepals: stamens 6, free and unappendaged : pods linear or broader, nearly flat, more or less 1 -nerved ; replum not thickened ; stigma entire : seeds flattened, orbicular or elliptic, winged or wingless; the cotyledons accumbent. I am unable to find in literature or in the specimens at hand any character to justify retaining Phaenicuulis either as a di.stinct genus or as a section of Parrya. As suggested in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 1. c, there are some points in which a closer approach is made to Slrepianlhus. Arabis Meuziesii (Hook.) comb. nov. Hesperi.'i Menziesii Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1 : 60; Phaenicaulis cheirantlioiden Nutt. in T. r the Muricidx by prelinnean writers on conchology. Much later it became known that certain other gastropods yielded a purple dye, and these were colloquially united with the murices under the name Purpura. The first printed work treating of shells was the De Purpurx of Fabius Colonna in which he figures the Murex trunculus. The earliest use in binomial nomenclature of the name Purpura is by T. Martyn in the Universal Conchologist, Vol. I, fig. G6, 1784, for the shell later called by Gmelin Murex foUaius, and more recently Cerostomn fullaturn by Carpenter. It is in harmony with tradition a muri- coid; and the same view was taken by Bolten in 1798 who began his list of Purpura with Murex trunculus. As P.foliaia is the only species of Pur- pura occurring in the first two volumes of INIartyn, it must necessarily typify the group bearing this ancient designation. The shells ordinarily catalogued under this generic name were not separated by Lamarck until 1799, from the heterogeneous Linnean murices and buccina. — William Ilealey Dull. 33— Prog. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (189) Vol. XVIII, pp. 191-196 September 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE /^ BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SUGGESTIONS FOR THE NOMENCLATURE OF THE CRANIAL LENGTH MEASUREMENTS AND OF THE CHEEK-TEETH OF MAMMALS. BY OLDFIELD THOMAS. Although various reasons prevent the general success of such a wholesale revolution in scientific terms as is described in Wilder and Gage's Anatomical Technology (1882), where the many arguments in favor of accurate nomenclature are admira- bly put forth, yet in various corners of science improvements can be suggested which, if the workers are willing and in touch with each other, may be a real help in reducing the inconvenience of the loose or clumsy terminology commonly in vogue. Two such suggestions, due largely to the instigation of Vlx. Gerrit S. Miller, -Ir., form the subject of the present paper. I. Lkn(;th Measukements of the Skull and Palate. In giving the length measurement of the skull, not only do different authors at present use different measurements in de- scrilnng the skulls of similar or related animals, but in doing so they designate these measurements ])y terms of which it is often difficult or impossible to make out the exact meaning. Such a name as " l»asal length " has I l)elieve been used by one person or another for almost every one of the measurements to be here- 34— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIH, l'J05. (191) 192 Thomas — Nomenclature of Measurements. after defined, and readers are expected to know by heart every- thing that the user lias ever written on the Hubjeet, footnotes and all, in order to understand what is meant l)y the particular term employed . Such a state of things has many inconveniences, and it is hoped the present communication, if it meets with the approval of other workers on the subject, may do a little toward putting an end to the existing confusion. As long ago as 1894,* by agreeing with Dr. Nehring for the definition of the terms basal and basilar in our own future writ- V,0>*-^-M'tA_« ' ^ J i J 1 of 1- J i J. i c cJ 0 i 1 i J 0 i are con- stricted at bases, becoming more stout successively. Color of segments 1 and 2 uniform light brown ; .S to 5 pale yellow at bases, shading to brown at outer ends, each succeeding segment from 3 to 6 becoming darker in color ; 6 to 8 are dark brown. Spines upon segments 2 to 5 are of medium size, but not very conspicuous. Color of head varying from gray-brown to yellow-brown. Prothorax about five-ninths as long as broad and slightly longer than the head; sides rounded, slightly wider at hind than at fore angles; one stout spine at each anterior, and two stouter spines of equal size at each posterior angle ; anterior marginal pair of spines about one-half as long as those at front angles ; usual row of five spines on each side of hind margin, of which number four is equal in strength to those on the front margin. Mesothorax nearly one and one-third times as wide as the prothorax, broadest posteriorly, sides curving outAvard ; mesonotum without conspic- uous spines, posterior margin forming an obtuse angle in middle. Meta- thorax slightly narrower than mesothorax, sides nearly parallel, broader than prothorax at posterior edge; metanotum bears two pairs of spines at front edge, the inner pair being as strong as those at front angles of pro- thorax. Wings present (probably reduced at some season of year), average length about 0.68 mm., not reaching to the tip of the abdomen, breadth *The number of the segment is given above the line and below it the number of spaces covered upon an eye-piece micrometer by an average of the segments of 10 antennse. Hinds— A New Toharro Tlirips. 199 equal to about one-thirteenth of tlieir length ; fore wing has two longitu- dinal veins, eacli bearing stout spines set at regular intervals; fore wings shaded ash-gray, hind wings gray only along basal three-fourths of mid- vein ; spines on wing veins dark brown and conspicuous ; costa bears 19 to 24 spines ; fore vein, 18 to 18 ; hind vein, 10 to 12 ; scale, 5 ; interior of scale, 1 ; fringe of hairs on costa of fore wing quite heavy, in length exceed- ing the breadth of the wing. Legs of jnedimii length, lighter than body in color, pale yellow, sliaded more or less witli brown on upper side at middle of femora and tibiae; a pair of stout brown spines at inside of tip of each tibia, small brown spines scattered along femora and tibipe; spines stand- ing in two rows on inner side of hind tibije are weak and only about four in each row. Abdomen nearly cylindrical to eighth segment, then tapering abruptly to an acute tip; color uniformly dark brown ; a still darker-colored narrow chitinous thickening extends across dorsal side of segments 2 to 8 near anterior edge. Three or four quite stout and rather conspicuous dark brown spines stand at each side of dorsal plates on 2 to 8 ; six rather prom- inent spines stand in a row on posterior edge of ventral plates 2 to 7 ; ter- minal spines stout and prominent; tenth segment split open along dorsal median line. Described from 10 females. Male specimens of this species have not been found. Three cotyi)es (three slides) deposited in the IT. S. National Museum. Type No. 8434, V. S. N. M. Three cotypes (three slides) deposited at the Massachusetts Agricultural College. Four cotypes (two slides) retained. Habitat. — Quincy, Fla. Food plants. — Tobacco, oats, shepherd's purse, Bramca sp. Vol. XVIII, pp. 201-202 September 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW PUOSERPINOID LAND 8HELL FRO.M BRAZIL. BY WILLIAM HEALEY DALL. The genus Cijane H. Adams, described in 1870, is said to dif- fer from ordinary Proserpina by having the columella truncate and no parietal or palatal lamina^. It has not been figured and I have not seen specimens, l)ut from the characters of a shell about to be described, it may be merely, as Tryon concluded, a subordinate subdivision of Proserpina. From the calcareous l)anks of the arroyo of the Rio Chico at Paraguassii, State of Bahia, Doctor Orville A. Derl)y obtained a small apparently sul^fossil land shell, which has been sub- mitted to me for examination by Doctor H. von Ihering, Director of the Museu Paulista, at Sao Paulo, Brazil. The specimen is of very much the same size and habit as Proserpina depressa Orbigny, from Cuba, in which the columella, if it may be so called, descends in an even curve from the pari- etal wall until it merges imperceptibly in the basal margin of the aperture and bears at right angles to itself a small lamella, which often lags behind so as to I)e but little visible from in front of the aperture. But in the case of the shell from Brazil the lamella is prominent and strong and the curve of the colum- v]\a is taken up by it parallel to the base of the apin'ture and so near the basal margin that only a narrow notch exists be- tween them, giving the effect of an oblique truncation of the pillar. This leads to the surmise, in the absence of a figure or 36— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wa.sh., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (201) 202 D(dl — A New Proserpimtid Land SJtcIl front BrttzU . full diagnosis of Cyane, that the chief character upon which Adams based his genus may have been of a like nature, in which case it could hardly be accounted of generic value. From Cyaiic, however, the present species differs in preserv- ing a parietal lamella; and, as Bland, Pfeiffer and others have considered differences of the arrangement and number of the lamella? of the aperture as sufhcient characters for subdivisions of the genus, the Brazilian sliell might l)e regarded as constitut- ing the type of a section or subdivision witli those cliaracters, whicli might l^e called Stti^ffnla. Proserpina (Staffola) derbyi sp. nov. Shell small, depressed, pale yellowish, when fresh probably polished, with an axial sculpture of fine, non-punctate, sharply incised strife nearly parallel to the increnfiental lines, hut visible only under considerable mag- nification; spire depressed, domelike, tlie sutures obscure, the protoconch large, followed b)' five whorls; base flattish, imperforate, not excavated in the center; aperture semilunar, outer lip thin, shar]), advancing slightly from thesutureand slightly excavated just before it joins the pillar ; parietal wall with a single lamella about one-third of the way from the pillar to the suture; periphery of the shell inflatedly rounded ; the armature of the pillar has been already described ; height of shell, 2.5 ; max. diam., 5.0 ; min. diam., 4.0 mm. The shell is in such a condition that it might be either a Pleistocene fos- sil or a " dead " shell washed from a higher level and stranded by falling water in the creek. The Proserpinidfe have hitherto been known only from the Antilles, Mexico, middle America and the shores adjacent to the Caribbean, except in the case of Cyane bkaidiana Adams, which was described from Eastern Peru. The presence of a species in the State of Bahia is therefore a very interesting addition to the knowledge of the geographi(ral distribution of members of this group. Even if fossil, it carries the range 1,000 miles to the south and east, and adds weight to the connection which has been already insisted on between the Antillean fauna and that of the Eastern portion of South America south of the Amazonas. Vol. XVIII, pp. 203-204 September 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW CHITON FROM THE NEW ENGLAND COAST. BY WILLIAM HEALEY DALL. Mr. Dwight Blaney of Boston, summering at Bar Harbor, Maine, has interested himself in the marine invertebrates and engaged energetically in dredging. Among some mollusks sent to the writer for examination was a handsome chiton which, after careful study and comparison with American and North European species, appears to be undescribed. The numljcr of species of chiton on the New England coast is very small and, with the exception of one deep-sea species, none has been described during the last quarter century. It is therefore exceptionally interesting to know of the presence of a new species in this district. The species is somewhat interme- diate in its characters between Tonicella and Trachydermon, with a leaning toward the former, and seems most nearly related to T. marmorea Fabricius, from which, however, it is abundantly distinct. Tonicella blaneyi h]). nov. Shell of a deep rose-color, with fine white lineations and reticular mark- ings ; girdle brown, apparent!}' naked, but exhibiting under higli magnifi- cation a microscopic granulation with a row of small spinules at the extreme edge, as in T. mnrmorea ; the coloration of tlie valves outside, in the type specimen is fairly uniform but probably more or less variable among indi- viduals ; the valves inside are of a deep rose-pink, paler toward the edges ; surface minutely more or less quincuncially punctate, but this is visible only when magnified ; the sculi)ture consists of (on the midvalves usually :i7— Proc. Bioi.. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (203) 204 Doll — A New Chiton from the New England Coast. three) radial riblets witli a tendency to bifurcate or break up into segments distally ; there are no distinctly marked areas on the midvalves, but the part of the valves which bears what in many chitons are called the lateral areas, in this species carries two or three, sometimes bifurcate, thread-like ribs which are flattened above and rarely reach the mucro of the valve, being usually evanescent dorsally ; there are also more or less deeply im- pressed lines of growth; the median part of the valves is nearly smooth except for the microscopic punctation ; anterior valve semicircular, with numerous, more or less irregular, radial riblets that resemble those on the midvalves; the eaves are conspicuously spongy ; the insertion plates are blunt, crenulate at the edge, but not radially striate ; the anterior valve in the type has 10, but would seem normally to have either 9 or 11 slits, as one seems missing or in excess, on one side; the midvalves have one slit on each side, their anterior lamellae are nearly continuous across the dorsal sinus ; the posterior valve is small without a mucro, tlie incremental lines strong, the ribbing obsolete or nearly so; in the type, wliile there is not a posterior sinus like that of CV/tT/o/j^ewra, there is a certain flattening and the insertion plates bordering this part of the valve are poorly developed ; there are 7-9 slits between which the distal edges of the plates are more or less irregularly crenate; in the dried specimen the muzzle has a promi- nent '^veil " or tegumentary margin ; the ctenidia number about 15 on each side and extend forward on each side of the foot to the fourth valve ; length over all (dry), 13 mm.; width, 8 mm.; dorsal angle, 120°. Dredged in 20 fathoms ofFIronbound Island, Frenchman's Bay, nearMt. Desert Island, Maine. From Trachydermon ruber, Tonicella marmorea and similar species, this form can be at once distinguished by the ribbing. If the type specimen be characteristic in its color, the pattern and hue would be equally dis- tinctive. In T. ruber the girdle is pubescent and particolored, in T. mar- morea and the present species it is of a uniform brown. The type specimen has been generously donated to the U. S. National IMuseum. Vol. XVIII, pp. 205-206 September 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW CLOAK-FERX FROM xMEXICO. BY WILLIAM R. MAXON. By permission of tlie Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Among the plants collected in Mexico by Mr. C. G. Pringle in 1904 is the following undescribed fern which we regard as one of the most clearly marked species discovered in recent years : Notholaena bryopoda sp. iiov. A plant of mediiitn size, the rigid fronds 8 to 20 cm. long, borne rather closely from a fasciculate bulbiform rhizome thickly covered by bristly ferruginous chaff with entire margins and witli a darker median line : stipe 3 to 8 cm. long, seal brown, sinuose, slightly furrowed above, scantily clothed with deciduous narrow attenuate chaff somewhat darker than that of the rhizome : lamina 5 to 12 cm. long, lanceolate, coriaceous, for the most part only bipinnate, both primary and secondary rachises channelled upon the upper surface; pinnae lanceolate, exactly alternate throughout, dull greenish and devoid of glandular or ceraceous covering upon the upper surface, the larger ones about 2.5 cm. long with seven or eight pairs of mainly simple narrowly oblong sessile pinnulae, only the two or three lowermost pinnulae being pinnate with one or two pairs of small narrow sessile segments ; margins strongly revolute, partially concealing the black- ish sporangia at maturity by a dense coating of pale yellowish ceraceous jiowder, subsequently somewhat reflexed. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, sheet No. 461,305 ; collected from '• chalky banks at base of Sierra de San Lazaro, altitude 7,500 ft., State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico ; November 7, 1904 ; C. G. Pringle, No. 8802." Known only from the type collection. 38— Pkoc. Bioi,. Soc. Wash., Vol,. XVIII, 1905. ^205) 206 Maxon — A New Cloak-Fern from Mexico. Notholaena hryopoda is without any near Mexican allies. From N. Pringlei Davenp.,* the only species with which it might be confused, it difTers in nearly every essential feature; especially in the peculiar character and vestiture of the rhizome, in the entire absence of any ceraceous cover- ing upon the upper surface, and in the larger and elongate segments. Its most distinctive characters lie in the greatly enlarged and clustered root- stocks, which with their thick tufts of ferruginous chaff closely simulate those of N. sinuata (Sw.) Kaulf. The likeness of these to certain tufted dicranoid mosses has suggested the specific name here employed. * Bull. Torrey Club 13 : 132. pi. 58. 18SG. Vol. XVIII, pp. 207-210 September 2, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW OENERA OF TYRANNI- D.E, PIPRID.E, AND COTINGIDi?C. BY ROBERT RIDGWAY. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Aphanotriccus gen. nov. [Tryamiidx.) Similar to Mi/iobhis Gray but outermost primaries longer (the tenth equal to first instead of much shorter than secondaries, the ninth not shorter than fifth), rictal bristles weaker (not reaching to tip of bill), tail much longer than distance from bend of wing to end of distal secondaries, and without yellow on crown nor rump. Type, Myiobius capitulis Salvin = Aphanotriccus capitalis. {'Aat6s, dusky; rpiKKos, a small bird.) Allocotopterus gen. nov. {Pipridx.) Most like Machseropterus Bonaparte, but shafts of secondaries excessively thickened, twisted, and expanded terminally into club-shaped or claw-like form ; outermost })rimaries normally broad throughout; tail less than one- third as long as wing, emarginate; nostril small, very broadly operculate, the membrane occupying much the greater part of nasal fossae ; under parts not striped. Type, Pijira deliciosa. Sclater = Allocotopterus deliciosus. {'A\\6kotos, unusual ; wnpov, wing.) Stictornis gen. nov. ( Cotingidse.) Most like Euchlornis DeFilippi (= Pipreolo Sclater, nee Swainson?), but bill much larger, stronger, and deeper, with culmen more strongly arched 210 Rldgimy — Neiv Genera of Tyrannidse, Pipridse, Cotmgidse. and longer than lateral toes (without claws) ; tail relatively shorter (decid- edly shorter than length of wing from bend to end of secondaries), and outermost (tenth) primary longer than fifth. Ti/pe, Ampelis c.mctus Tschudi = Slictornis cinctus. {Xtikt6s, marked, spotted; 6pvis, bird.) The species designated as the type of this new genus I remove from Ampellon Cabanis, which according to my views contains only two of the species there placed in Vol. XIV of the " Catalogue of Birds in the British Museum " (pp. 373-376), the remaining one {Ampelis arcuaia Lafresnaye) belonging to the genus Euchlornis DeFilippi. Idiotriccus gen. nov. {Cotmgidse.) Superficially resembling the Tyrannine genus Pognnntriccus Cabanis and Heine, but tarsal envelope pycnaspidean, with the scutella on lower por- tion of both acrotarsium and planta tarsi roughened, subtuberculate ; bill broader basally and more depressed ; nostrils surrounded by membrane ; bristles of frontal antipe, rictus, and chin less developed. Tgpe, Fognvotriccus zeledovi Lawrence = Idiotriccus zeledoni. ("iStos, distinct ; tpIkkos, a small bird.) Elainopsis gen. nov. (Cotingidse.) Superficially resembling the Tyrannine genus Elainea Sundevall, but tarsal envelope pycnaspidean and basal phalanx of middle toe wholly united to outer toe. Type, Elainea elegnns Pelzeln (= Muscicapa gaimardi D'Orbigny?). {Elainea, a genus of Tyrannida? ; + S'/'ts, aspect.) Species: Elainopsis elegans (Pelzeln). Microtriccus gen. nov. {Cotingidse.) Similar to Tgrannulus Vieillot, but bill relatively stouter, with culmen much more decidedly curved, tarsus relatively shorter, tail relatively much shorter (much less than two-thirds as long as wing), pileum not crested and without yellow, and wings without whitish bands. Tgpe, Tgrannulus semiflavus Sclater and Salvin. (MiKp6s, small ; tpIkkos, a small bird.) Species: Microtriccus semijlavus (Sclater and Salvin), Microtriccus semi- flavus brunneicapillus (Lawrence). Hylonax gen. nov. {Cotingidse.) Supei'ficially resembling the more stoutly built species of the Tyrannine genus Myinrchus Cabanis, but tarsal envelope non-exaspideau (the planta tarsi consisting of a single continuous row of rather large, quadrate scutella, separated from the inner edge of the acrotarsium by a narrow nonscutellate space), bill longer (as long as head), narrower, with straighter culmen and tip of maxilla more abruptly decurved and more strongly uncinate, and with gonys more convex, more ascending terminally, more prominent basally. Type, Myiarchus validus Cabanis = Hylonax validus. ("TXr;, forest ; &va^, king.) Vol. XVIIl, pp. 211-214 October 17, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. NEW GENERA OF TYRANNIDiP] AND TURDID^, AND NEW FORM^ OF TANAGRID^ AND TURDID^E. BY ROBERT RIDGWAY. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Platytriccus gen. nov. [Tyrannidse.) Similar to PlatyrlnclMs Desmarest * but tail relatively much shorter (but little more than half as long as wing), wing relatively shorter and much more rounded, the longest primaries exceeding distal secondaries by not more (usually much less) than half the length of tarsus, and by less than one-third the length of tail, the tenth (outermost) primary not longer than third (usually shorter than first) ; tarsus nearly to quite one-third as long as wing, much longer than middle toe with claw, nearly to quite twice as long as exposed culmen ; feathers of chin without bristly points. Type, PlatyrltyncJms cancroma Sclater. (ttXoti/s, flat, wide, broad, and rplKKos, a small bird.) Species: Platytriccus cancroma (Sclater) ; Platytriccus albogularis (Sclater); Platytriccus mystaceiis (Vieillot) ; Platytriccus insularis (Allen) ; Platytriccus bifasciatus (Allen). Probably also the following, which, however, I have not seen : Platyrhynchus senex Sclater and Salvin ; Platyrhynchus griseiceps Salvin; Platyrhynchus flavlgularis Sclater, and Platyrhynchus saturatus Salvin and Godman. *Platyrinchus Desmarest, Hist. Nat. Tangaras, Manalcins, et Todiers, 1805, livr. 4, text to pi. 72. (Type Tndus p/aiyrAi/nc/iOS Gmelin). —Ptae known as: Lavia rex sp. no v. 1892. Megadermn frons True, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XV, p. 4G9, October 26, 1892 (part). Type from Taveta, German East Africa. No. iffff > United States National Museum, d" adult (in alcohol). 1889. Dr. W. L. Abbott. Characters. — Like the West African Lavia frons (Geoffroy) but consider- ably larger (forearm 60 instead of 56, mandible 17.8 instead of 15.2), and with disproportionately heavier teeth. Co/«)-.— (Skin of topotype, No. 18,992, not sexed) : Fur everywhere drab- gray (that of belly a little darker than that of back) tipped with ochraceous- buff. On middle of back and neck and on posterior half of belly the ochraceous-bufF is so inconspicuous that it scarcely modifies the ground color, but on face, sides of neck, entire chest and throat, and along border of interfemoral membrane itstronglypredominates. At shoulder the wood- brown fades to bufFy white, forming an inconspicuous light shoulder spot. The type does not appear to ditfer appreciably in color from the dry specimen, though it has been subject to the action of alcohol for more than fifteen years. Ears, membranes, etc. — Probably not different from those of Lavia frons. Dr. F. W. True has already noted the peculiar broadened, serrated form 4.5— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol XVIII. 19(i5. (227) o 228 Miller — A New Bat from German East Africa. of the secondary lobe of the tragus in the type specimen as compared with that figured by Dobson and represented by a Sierra Leone specimen in the United States National Museum. In the skin from Taveta this lobe has a form intermediate between the others and closely resembling that of Lavia froiis as figured by GeofFroy. The variation is probably individual. SkaJl and Teeth. — As compared with those of an adult male Lavia frovs from Sierra Leone (No. 38,196, United States National Museum) the skull and teeth of Lavia rex are readily distinguishable by their uniformly greater size and massiveness. In actual form of either skull or teeth there are no striking differences between the two species ; but the larger animal has the audital bullae relatively larger and the interpterygoid space narrower, while the teeth, particularly the upper canines and upper molars, are very considerably increased in size. Measurements.— Type: Head and body, 70 (60);* tibia, 34 (29); foot, 16 (15); forearm 60 (56); thumb 14 (11); second finger, 62 (55); third finger, 110 (105); fourth finger, 78 (72); fifth finger, 83 (75); ear from meatus, 43.6 (40) ; ear from crown, 39 (33) ; width of ear, 28 (26) ; tragus, 29 (25) ; noseleaf, 22 (22); greatest width of noseleaf (flattened), 16 (16). Skull : Greatest length, — (23) ; basal length, — (18) ; basilar length, — ( 16) ; median palatal length, 6.6 (4.8) ; greatest palatal width including molars, 9.2(8.2); distance between tips of upper canines, 5.4 (4); mandible, 17.8 (15.2) ; maxillary toothrow, 9.2 (8.2) ; mandibular toothrow, 11 (9). * Measurements in parentheses are those of an adult male Lavia frons from Sierra Leone (No. Mffl United States National Museum). Vol. XVIII, pp. 229-230 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON (uj L A NEW GENUS OF BATS FROM SUMATRA. ; % V BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. By permission of tiie Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. On September 9, 1903, Dr. W. L. Abl)ott found two small bats roosting in the abandoned nest of a broad bill in heavy forest on the banks of the Kateman River, eastern Sumatra. These specimens represent a new species l)elonging to a hitherto unknown genus allied to Kerivoula but strikingly distinct. Phoniscus gen. nov. ( Vesper lUlonidx). Type. — Phoniscus alrox sp. nov. Characters. — Like Kerivoula but with upper canine strongly compressed, the shaft with deep longitudinal groove on outer side and with conspicuous posterior cutting edge, the length of the tooth so increased that the point extends noticeal)ly beyond exposed portion of lower canine when jaws are closed, and in life enters a distinct pocket in the lower lip; lower incisors with crowns relatively longer than in Kerivoula, that of the inner tooth with four w'ell developed cusps ; skull with braincase so elevated anteriorly that the highest portion is at middle instead of in occii)ital region. Remarks. — The peculiar shape and greatly increased size of the upper canine, together with the very unusual four-cusped structure of the inner mandibular incisor, sufticiently distinguish this genus from Kerivoula. But the modifications are not confined to these teeth, as the premolars, both above and below, have become more pointed and trenchant, while the whole anterior portion of the rostrum is strengthened. Contrary to what might be expected, the mandible and lower canines remain un- changed. 46— Pkoc. Bioi,. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (229) 230 Miller — A New Genus of Bats from Sumatra. Phoniscus atrox sp. nov. Type from the vicinity of Kateman River, eastern Sumatra. No. 123,141, United States National Museum. 9 adult (in alcohol). September 9, 1903. Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 2781. Characters. — In size and general appearance not unlike Kertvoula Itard- wickii, but form less slender, and tail distinctly shoi'ter than head and l)ody ; metacarpal of fifth finger slightly but distinctly shorter than that of fourth ; dorsal surface of leg, foot, forearm, thumb, second finger, and last joint of third finger closely sprinkled with fine hairs; fur of neck noticeably longer than that of back, each hair with four sharply defined rings of color ; skull more robust than that of Kerivoula hardwickii, the braincase much deeper relatively to its width. Color. — Fur of upi^erparts with four color rings. Beginning at base these are (1) prouts-brown, (2) light, yellowish broccoli-brown, (3) prouts- brown darker than the first, and (4) a metallic golden orange. The gene- ral effect is a conspicuous, changing mixture of the orange and the dark brown, the former in excess except when the hairs are disarranged. Under- parts between broccoli-brown and hair-brown, the hairs becoming much darker on proximal half, and in certain lights showing faintly golden tips, especially across chin and throat. Membranes and ears blackish, the tragus whitish in strong contrast. Measuremeni.'i.— 'External measurements, those of the second specimen (adult female. No. 123,142) in parenthesis : Head and body, 43 (46) ; tail, 38 (37); tibia, 14 (15); foot, 7.4 (7.6); forearm, 34 (.35); thumb, 7 (6.4); second finger, 33 (31); third finger, 73 (71); fourth finger, 53 (52) ; fifth finger, 49 (49); ear from meatus, 13 (13.6); ear from crown, 10 (9.6); width of ear, 11 (11.6). Vol. XVIII, pp 231-232 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW LYCOPODIU]\r FROM GUATEMALA. BY WILLI.\M R. :\rAXON. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Among a collection of Gnatemalan plants received at the U. S. National Museum in 1902 there was a single specimen of 'Lycopodium which at that time we were unahle to refer satis- factorilj' to any species known from middle America. While manifestly of close alliance to L. aqicalvpianum of the West Indies it seemed to offer notable differences, but in the absence of additional material we hesitated to describe it as new. During January of 1905 we were fortunate in visiting the precise locality, in Alta Verapaz, whence this- specimen had been received ; and although we were able to collect but a single additional plant this accords so perfectly with the former in the characters distinguishing it from L. aqualwpianum, its nearest ally, that we have no doubt that they represent a distinct species: Lycopodium dichaeoides .sp. nov. Plant i)endent, 25 cm. long, the type specimen four times dichotomously branched intheapical half at reojular intervals : leaves bright green, sessile, divergent, in four ranks, those of the lower main stem 9 to 10 mm. long by 4 to o mm. wide, broadly subspatulate, the upper ones gradually smaller (6 to 7 mm. by 3 to 3.5 mm.), exactly oblong-oval, imbricate in drying ; all obtuse or with a very slight apiculation, the niidvein concealed throughout : strobiles very short (8 to 18 mm.), stout, simple or mostly once forked, con- spicuously quadrangular; sporophylls 1.5 mm. long, rigid, achene-like, 47— Proc, Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (231) 232 Maxon — A New Lye opodiwn from Guatemala. broadly triangular-ovate, acuminate, deeply cucullate, carinate, the stout beak exceeding the sporangium about 0.5 mm.; sporangium orbicular- reniform, with a deep narrow sinus. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 408,034, collected near the Finca Sepacuite, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, March 28, 1902, by O. F. Cook and R. F. Griggs; collectors' number 251. The second specimen referi-ed to was collected by Robert Hay and the writer, on the trail between Sepacuite and Secanquim, at an altitude of about 1,000 meters, in Alta Verapaz, January 12, 1905, No. 3268 (U. S. National Herbarium, No. 473,235), from a tree trunk in the humid forest region. Lycopodium dicliaeoides may be distinguished from L. aqunlupianum by its broader and more obtuse leaves, its concealed venation, and especially by its short stout strobiles which are closely aggregated in dense clusters and are from one-fifth to one-twentieth as long as those of L. aqualupianum. The sporophylls too are shorter, stouter and relatively much broader. Vol. XVIII, pp. 233-236 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF APPARENTLY NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS FROM MEXICO AND SAN DOMINGO. BY D. G. ELLIOT, F. R. S. E. etc. With one exception all the species described in this paper were obtained in Mexico l)y the collectors for the Field Colum- bian Museum, INIessrs. Heller and Barber. The Phyllovj/cteris has been in the museum collection for several years, but failing to obtain more examples it is now described in hopes that at- tention may be drawn to it and more specimens thereby pro- cured. * Tamias nexus sp. nov. Ti/pe from Coyotes, Duiango, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col- lector's No. 4293. General, cliaraclers. — Darker generally than either T. bulleri or T. dur- arig.'c. Liglit dorsal stripes reddish not gray ; rump and thighs much darker; light face stripes not so pure white; underparts mostly plumb- eous on sides and belly, not white, and middle of tail beneath chestnut, not buff nor ochraceous buff as in the two forms named above. Color. — Top of head iron gray, black stripe from nose above eye nearly to ear, and one from nose to eye, becoming dark chestnut behind eye to ear ; yellowish white stripe from nose between the black ones becoming a narrow line above eye and a broader one beneath eye; broad chestnut stripe from nose across cheeks to beneatli ear. Grayish white imtches be- hind ears ; back of neck, shoulders, flanks, upper side of arms from wrists and thighs to ankles dark gray tinged on shoulders and flanks with yel- lowish ; median black dorsal stripe from head to root of tail bordered on either side with a rufous and gray stripe, followed by a blackish chestnut stripe, succeeded by an outermost stri])e of ocliraceous, the outermost of all being dark chestnut. There are thus five dark stripes and four lighter ones, the middle pale ones being so tinged with red as to give the dorsal region a chestnut hue. Rump rufous; underparts from chin to and including breast white, remainder plumbeous with a whitish line through center of abdomen. Tail above black edged with white, beneath chestnut bordered with black and edged with white, tip black also edged with white. Hands 48— Prog. Biol.. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (233) 234 Elliot — New Mammals from Mexico and San Domingo. and feet whitish-gray ; ears externally black on anterior half, gray on posterior. Menmrenievts. — Total length, 235 ; tail vertebrae, 91 ; hind foot, 27 ; ear, 21. Skull: Occipito-nasal length, 38; Hensel, 30; interorbital width, 9; zygomatic width, 21; mastoid breadth; 17; palatal length, 16; length of nasals, 12 ; width of rostrum posteriorly, 7 ; length of upper toothrow, 6; length of mandible to tip of incisors. 23; length of lower toothrow, 6. Remarks. — Five specimens of this chipmunk were obtained by Messrs. Heller and Barber at Coyotes, about 20 miles to the west of Durango City. While resembling somewhat the two forms to the westward of the Sierra Madre, as might be expected, the present form attracts attention by its darker and more reddish coloration, especially on the back and rump, by the rufous hue of the pale dorsal stripes ; by the plumbeous underparts and by the chestnut color of the tail beneatli. It appears to be entitled to specific recognition, and may not be |)hiced with eithei' of its near relations. For comparison, I have had Dr. Allen's types and series of T. bulleri and T. durangx. Rhithrodontomys amcenus si>. nov. Tiijx' from Refoi'ma, Oaxaca, Mexico. Field Columbian IVluseum. Col- lector's No. 3823. General chtiradi'rs. — Somewhat similar to R. lielixduii but smaller and dif- erently colored ■ Culur. — Fore i)artof back, cheeks and shoulders pale ochraceous buff'; top of head, lower partof back, rump and flanks dull ochraceous rufous, tinged with hazel ; underparts, hands and feet white ; tail brownish above, white beneath. Measurnnmis. — Total length, 148 ; tail vertebrje, 81 ; hind foot, 8.5. Skull: Total length, 20; Hensel, 14; zygomatic width, 10; interorbital width, 3; palatal length, 8; length of nasals, 6; of ui)per toothrow, 4 ; of maiulil)le, 12; of lower toothrow, 4. Remarks. — In color, this species does not closely resemble any described, although it belongs to the group represented by R. helvolns and is perhaps nearest to that form, but it is considerably smaller, as the measure- ments show, with quite a different style of coloration. A single specimen was procured by Messrs. Heller and Barber. Another example is in the collection of the Biological Survey. Orthogeomys cuniculus sp. nov. Type from Yautepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col- lector's No. 3878. General characters. — Size medium ; no nasal pad ; hair scanty ; pelage rather harsh, neither bristly nor soft; tail long, naked ; skull heavy ; zygo- mata slender and narrowest posteriorly ; nasals long. Color. — General color over all the body Vandyke brown ; haiis on under- parts and limbs very scanty, the flesh color of the skin being chiefly notice- able; hands, feet and tail flesh color. An immature specimen is Front's brown, somewhat darker than the adult, the fur being more woolly. Measurements. — Total length, 330; tail vertebrae, 95 ; hind foot, 44; ear, 7. Elliot — New Mammals from Mexico and San Domingo. 235 Skull: Total length, 59; Hensel, 50; zygomatic width, 20; interorbital width, 12; palatal length, 26; median length of nasals 23; width poste- riorly, 4; width anteriorly, 7; length of upper toothrow, 8; length of man- dible, 47 ; of lower toothrow, 8. Remarks. — This species does not seem to require comparison with any other known. It belongs to that section of the genus without nasal pads and is about the size of 0. lailfrons but with somewhat differently ])ropor- tioned tail and feet. The specimens were procured by Messrs. Heller and Barber. Heterogeomys lanius sp. nov. Ti/pe from Xuchil, Vera Cruz, JNIexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col- lector's No. 4092. General characters. — Size large ; fur soft, woolly; color very dark. Skull heavy ; nasals long, widening greatly anteriorly ; zygomata broad ante- riorly ; palatal arch pointed but not acute ; {)terygoids graduated to acute point; incisors large, heavy, curved ; mandible heavy, compact. Culor. — Entire upperparts and sides blackish seal brown, more black than brown ; underparts dark hair brown ; numerous white hairs on rump at base of tail and all over the underparts, so thickly gathered toward base of tail beneath as to cause that part to appear white. Hands and feet very dark seal brown ; tail blackish, naked ; claws very long, curved, horn color. Measurements. — Total length, 361 ; tail vertebrte, 90; hind foot, 54 ; ear, 10. Skull : Total length, 64; Hensel, 51 ; zygomatic width, 41 .5 ; interorbital width, 14 ; palatal length, 39 ; length of nasals, 26; width posteriorly, 6 ; width anteriorly, 10; length of upper toothrow, 14; length of mandible to tip of incisors, 53 ; of lower toothrow, 13. Remarks.— Thh species by its peculiar soft woolly coat differs from the other described forms and would seem to be easily recognizable. It is somewhat larger than H. hispkhis, but the hair of that si)ecies is harsh as its name indicates. Tlie specimens were obtained by Messrs. Heller and Barber. Putorius macrophonius sp. nov. Type from Achotal, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col- lector's No. 3474. General characters. — Size very large; tail exceedingly long; skull large and heavy ; teeth large ; canines long, narrow. Co/or. — Top and sides of head black gi-aduating into chestnut brown of upperparts and sides of body; this hue extending well on to the under- I)arts between the limbs ; limbs, hands, feet and tail chestnut l)rown, the last tipjied with black ; white spot above eye and white stripe from above eye to ear; chin and throat white reaching into the dark ochraceous buff of the underparts. Measuremenls. — Total length, 598; tail vertebra?, 246; hind foot, 59 ; ear, 23. Skull : Total length, 60 ; Hensel, 54 ; zygomatic width, 34; interorbital width, 8 ; palatal length, 24 ; length of upper toothrow including canine, 16 ; length of canine, 9 ; length of mandible, 35 ; of lower toothrow includ- ing canine, 20. 236 Elliot — Neio Mammals from Mexico and San Domingo. Remarks. — This is the largest member of the bridled weasel group yet discovered. The nearest ally appears to be P.f. gohhnani, but the differ- ence in the dimensions are so great that any comparison is useless. The skulls of the two forms contrasted together exhibit in that of the present species the following differences : Interorbital sj^ace narrower; braincase longer ; bullae much wider, longer and flatter ; pterygoid fossa longer, the arch pointed ; teeth much larger and palate longer and wider. Specimens were obtained by Messrs. Heller and Barber. Phyllostoma verrucossum sp. nov. Type from Niltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Field Columbian Museum. Col- lector's No. 3886. General characters. — Size small ; V-sbaped groove on lower lip margined with eleven to thirteen warts ; ears as in the genus ; calcar shorter than foot. Skull compared with that of /••. luiMdlniu is relatively broader inter- orbitally and the rostrum narrower anteriorly, while the upper occipital outline is continuous. Color. — Fore part of head above and f;ice from ears to end of nose dark fawn becoming brownish around eyes ; band from behind ears and over the center of the back dark russet ; back of head and nape very dark mummy brown ; chin, throat and breast whitish buff; rest of underparts olive gray with a pinkish tinge on the sides ; ears, membranes, feet and tail, blackish brown. In some specimens the throat is ochraceous buff. Measurements.— "Toi'dX length, 105; tail vertebrte, Lt ; foot, 17.5; ear, 20; forearm, 62. 25. Skull: Total length, 32 ; Hensel, 22; zygomatic widtli, 17; palatal length, 13; length of nasals, 4; length of upper molar series, 7; length of mandible, 20 ; of lower molar series, 9. Remarks. — This new form of Plnjllostoma can not be confounded with any other of this genus heretofore described. It is much smaller than P. hastatum but larger than Mr. Thomas' s|)ecies from British Guiana. A number of examples were obtained by Rlessrs. Heller and Barber. Phyllonycteris santa=cristobalensis sp. nov. Type from San Cristobal, San Domingo, W. I. Field Columbian Museum. Collected by G. K. Cherrie. General cliaracters. — Ear long, rather narrow, tip rounded ; tragus broad, with elongated acute tip; nose leaf small, separated from ridge behind by a deep groove; wings from above ankle ; toes very long. Skull with ele- vated arched braincase, high above rostrum ; the latter broad, swollen ; zy- gomatic arch complete; canines rather Ij^rge, molars small ; palate broad. Color. — Above vandyke brown at tips, rest of hairs white ; beneath pink- ish buff; ears brown; wings black. Measurements. — Skin : Total length, nose to end of foot, 89 ; forearm, 45; thumb, 13; fifth finger, 57; tibia 20; foot, 14.5. Skull: Occipito-nasal length, 21 ; total length, 23; zygomatic width, 11 ; height of braincase, 10; length of nasals, 7; width of rostrum, 5; palatal length, 10; width of pal- ate, 4 ; length of upper molar series, 7 ; length of mandible, 15. Re7narks. — In color this species differs from all others of the genus and from P. poeyi in addition in having a complete zygomatic arch. Vol. XVIII, pp. 237-238 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF AX APPARENTLY NEW SUBSPECIES OF MICROGALE FROM :\IADAGASCAR. BY D. G. ELTJOT, F. R. S. E. etc. The race here described is in a small collection of mammals in the Field ^ACusenm from Madagascar, obtained by Mr. Forsyth Major, and seems sufliciently different from M. comoil, also in the collection, to be worthy of a name. Microgale cowani nigrescens i^ubsp. nov. Type from Madagascar. Field Columbian Museum. General eharactcrs. — About tl)e size of M. coimni, color nearly l)lack. Color. — Upperparts black with rufous tips to hairs on head and flanks ; underparts lead color, with brownish tinge on middle of breast and abdo- men; legs and ears black; tail black. Measurements. — Total length, 129 mm.; tail, 48 ; hind foot, 10. Skull : Occipito-nasal length, 20.5 ; interorbital width, 5 ; length of nasals, 8 ; pal- atal length, 9 ; length of upper toothrow, 8 ; mastoid width, 9 ; length of half mandible, 15 ; lower toothrow, 9. ■19-I'Roc. Bioi,. Soc. W.\sii., Vol. XVni, 1905. (237) Vol. XVill, pp. 239-240 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW NAME FOR KAULFUSSIA BLUME, A GENUS OF MARATTIACEOUS FERNS. BY WILLIAM R. MAXON. By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institntion. The gcMicvic iiinuc K/nilfussia given l>y Bhinie in 1.S28 to n Javan fern deserihed earlier in the same volume as Aspidiiim arsrulifnliiim is invalidated l)y Kaidfussia Dennstedt (1818) applied to a genus of Polygalaceae and by Kaulfussia Nees (1820) for a genus of Compositae. Subsequently the name Macrostnma was associated in manuscript, l)y (Iriffith, with a supposed second species iassamira) of the same genus ; l)Ut Macrostotiut appears never to have 1)een formall}' published and is in any event un- tenable. So far as we know no other name has ever been pro- posed for this peculiar genus of marattiaceous ferns, and we have accordingly' renamed it as below, in honor of Herr Carl Christen- sen , of Copenhagen , the first part of whose valuable Index Fdimm now issuing we liave already had occasion to notice.* Christensenia nom. nov. Kaulfussia Blnnie, Enuni. PI. Jav. 2 : 260. 1828. Not Kaulfussia Denn- stedt, Schliiss. Hort. Iiid. Malalmr. 30. 1818. Not Kaulfussia Nees, Hor. Phys. Berol. 53. pi. 11. 1820. Macrostoma Griffith, Asiat. Researches 19^ : 108. 1836. Not Macrostoma Hedwig, Gen. PI. 102. 1806, which is INIaorostema Peisoon, Synop. PI. 1 : 18."). 1805. Not ^NFacrostomiuni Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Nederl. Ind. 335. /. 37. 1825. *bcieiic«-. n. 22 : 3i7-J6V». J^ept. 1. I'JO.j. .■i(— Pkoc. I'.ioL. Sof. Wash., .Vol.. XVIII, 1905. (239) 240 Ma.coii — .1 New Name for Kauljussia Blaine. The type of Kaulfussia Blume and therefore of Christensenia is Aspidium a e.tculi folium with the following synonymy : Christensenia aesculifoiia (Bhime). Aapidium aesculifollum Blume, Enum. PI. Jav. 2 : 143. 1828. Kaulfussia aesculifoiia Blume, Enum. PI. Jav. 2 : 200. 1828. The distribution of true C. aesculifoiia outside of Java, the type region, is more or less uncertain. De Vriese and Harting, in their Monographic des Marattiacees (1853), recognize four species of Kaulfussia, viz. A', aescu- lifoiia Blume, 1. c, from Java and Leyte ; K. assamica Gritlith, Asiat. Re- searches 19^ : 108. pi. 19. 1836, from Assam ; A'. Korthalsii de Vriese, Epim. Ind. Sem. Hort. Lugd. Bat. 1851, from Sumatra and Luzon; and A'. Loh- hiana de Vriese, in de Vriese and Harting, Mon. Maratt. 14. 1853, from Java; of which the last two are figured. "We have not undertaken to determine the status of the last three. Most writers have followed Hooker and Baker in merging them with aescitlifoUa. ; but it is by no means unlikely that careful study will substantiate their claim to recognition, in- cidentally offering an explanation for the wide range of variation which so-ciiUed aesculifoiia has been supposed to have. Vol. XVIII, pp. 241-242 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OK THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW SPECIES OF FISHES FROM BRAZIL. BY SETH EUGENE MEEK. Pimelodella eigenmanni sp. nov. Type from Sao Paulo, Brazil. No. 4,000, Field Columbian Museum. Length, 101.5 mm.; head, 4.25; depth, 4.35 ; D. 1-6 ; A. 8. Body elongate, not much compressed ; head little depressed, its upper surface smooth, snout narrow, pointed ; mouth nmail ; jaws equal ; teeth in villiform bands in each jaw; eye small, 5.00 in head; snout, 2.75; inter- orbital 4.80 ; distance from snout to base of dorsal fin 3.90 in body ; dorsal spine with inner margin nearly smooth, its length 1.90 in head, pectoral spine 1.70, dejitate on proximal half of its inner margin ; adipose fin 3.90 in length of body; anal fin short, its base 2.20 in head ; maxillary barbel moderate, its tip reaching base of ventrals ; longest mental barbel reaching base of ventrals; least depth of caudal peduncle 2.60 in head ; caudal fin forked, its upper lobe the longer. Color olivaceous, sides with a narrow bluish band, a dark blotch on middle of anterior portion of dorsal fin. Named for Dr. C. H. Eigenmann, who, more than any one else, has studied South American catfishes. Anisotrema wiliiamsi sp. nov. Type from Santos, Brazil. No. 3,350, Field Columbian Museum. Length, 248 mm.; head, 3.20; depth,3.15; D.XI-I, II; A. Ill, 7; scales, 6-48-11. Body elongate, compressed, the dorsal region not much elevated ; profile slightly convex ; snout pointed ; the upper, jaw slightly the longer ; eye rather large, its diameter 3.56 in head ; mouth rather small, end of maxil- lary, reaching vertically from anterior margin of orbit ; teeth in jaws in 51— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (241) 242 Meek — Tico Neiv Species of Fishes from. Brazil. bands, the outer series much enlarged and canine like ; preorbital 5.95 in head; snout o.(iO ; margine of preopercle dentate, about 9 teeth on its hmb, an enlarged tooth at angle, and al)out 10 teeth on lower limb, each with its point directed slightly forward ; gill rakers 13 + 6, slender, the longest 13.00 in head ; dorsal fin emarginate; anterior part of spinous dorsal ele- vated, longest spine 1.70 in head ; second anal spine very strong, its length 1.80 in head ; third anal spine 2.75 in head ; rows of scales above lateral line parallel with it. Color olivaceous, silvery ; side with seven dark vertical bars on upper three-fifths of body. The type and three other specimens were donated to the Field Colum- bian Museum by Horace E. Williams of Sao Paulo, Brazil, for whom the species is named. Vol. XVIII, pp. 243-246 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON uj L ; A COLLECTION OF FISHES FROM THE ISTHMUS OF TEHUANTEPEC. BY SETH EUGENE MEEK. The small collection of fishes on which this paper is based was made by E. Heller and C. M. Barber for the Field Columbian Museum in December, 1904, and January, 1905, at Achotal, in the State of Vera Cruz, and San Geronimo and Niltepec in the State of Oaxaca. Most interesting are the cichlids, of which there are besides one new species several specimens of Cichlasoma mojaira Meek and CifMasoma evermanni Meek. The former species was previously known only from one small specimen from San Geronimo. The collection also records the northern known limit of Cichlaaoma trimaculatum Giinther. Achotal. Achotal. Rhamdia oaxacae Meek. Carpiodes meridionalis (Giinther). Tetragonopterus aeneus Giinther. Achotal and San Geronimo. Dorosoma anale Meek. Achotal. Signalosa mexicana (Giinther). Achotal. Qambusia fasciata Meek. San Geronimo. 52— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (243) 244 Meek — A Collection of Fishes From Tehuantepec . Belonesox belizanus Kner. Anableps dovii Gill. Heterandria pleurosilus (Giinther). iieterandria lutzi Meek. San Geronimo. San Geronimo. San Geronimo. Achotal. Poecilia sphenops Cuvier & Valenciennes. Achotal and San Geronimo. Xiphophorus helleri Heckel. Achotal. Cichlasoma salvini (Giinther). Achotal. Cichlasoma mojarra Meek. Niltepec. This species was based on a small specimen from San Geronimo, Oaxaca. In the collection are eight specimens which vary in length from 140 mm. to 300 mm. This species differs from C. salvini (Giinther), which it most resembles, in having a steeper profile, subequal jaws, a less pointed snout, and a less compressed and more robust body. The color markings of the two species are very different. In C sdlvini there is a broad, lateral band which is sometimes broken into blotches. In C. mojarra there is no trace of a lateral band, and the vertical bars are very indistinct. There is a dark Ijlotch above the origin of the lateral line, one on the middle of the side just below the lateral line, and one on the upper half of the base of the caudal fin. These blotches are very prominent and constant. The center of each scale on the adults is lighter, these forming more or less prominent stripes along the rows of scales. After carefully comparing a number of specimens of C. salvini with C. mojarra I am unable to agree with Mr. Regan* that the two species are the same. Cichlasoma evermanni Meek. Niltepec. In the collection are five specimens of this species ranging in length from 147 mm. to 200 mm. In all of these the teeth are small, conical and pointed. There is no frenum, but the free portion of the lip is not quite so free at the symphysis as laterally. Apparently from the descriptions only Mr. Reagan t identifies this species with Cichlasoma heterodontum (Vail and Pell). This last named species is described as having a very irregular den- tition, sufficiently so to suggest its specific name. While it is true that the teeth of older individuals of some species become more or less worn, it is not necessarily true of all in the genus. In this particular instance the specimen described by Vaillantand Pellegrin does not appear to be an old individual, being smaller than the average size of the ten specimens of C. evermanni before me. C. heterodontum is described as having a frenum. * Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. p. 334, 1905. tl- c. p. 241. Meek — A Collection of Fishes From Tehvantepee. 245 Wliile this character in some species varies witli age, in tiiis species, judg- ing from the material examined by me, it is constant, the lower lip being nearly as free as in C. sdlvini. I will mention here that a re-examination of the material at my com- mand has convinced me of the identity of Cicldusoma melanurum (Gi'inther) and Cicldasoma gadowi Regan* My opinion here is based on my study of a considerable amount of material both in the field and in the laboratory. In all large groups of animals some species are quite variable and others are not. In order to properly define the more variable forms field work is quite necessary. Cichlasoma trimaculatum (Giinther). Seven individuals were taken at Achotal. The three lateral spots and the very irregular dentition are well shown in these specimens. Cichlasoma fenestratum (Giinther). Achotal. I follow Mr. Reagan in the use of this name instead of C. parma. Cichlasoma zonatum sp. nov. Ti/pc from Niltepec, Oaxaca. Field Columbian Museum. No. 3770. Total length, 175 mm. Head, 3 ; depth, 2.11 ; scales, 7-33-12; D. XVIII, 6 ; A. VI-8. Body deep, back elevated, profile very convex ; mouth small ; jaws equal ; snout blunt ; teeth rather small, pointed, those in front in each jaw slightly the larger; lips thin, lower witli well developed frenum ; max- illary short, reaching vertical from midway between nostril and eye, its length 4 in head; preorbital 4, postorbital 2.67; distance from inferior margin of the orbit to the horizontal passing through mouth 4.8 in head ; diameter of eye 4.36 in head ; gill rakers short, 3-7; pectoral fin 4 in length of body; ventrals pointed, short, their tips not reaching first anal spine; spinuous dorsal low, the sixth spine 2,81 in head, the last 2.51 ; soft dorsal and anal rays reaching slightly past base of caudal fin ; least depth of caudal peduncle 2.28 in head. Color dark olivaceous, without evident Ijlack bars ; a broad black band from opercle to caudal, a few small dark spots above and below this band. This species belongs in the same group with C. nebulifer (Giinther) and C. eigenmanni Meek. It is a much deeper fish than either of these, has a lower spinous dorsal, few^er dojsal rays, and different coloration, Thorichthys aureus (Giinther). Mr. Regan lias, no doubt, correctly established the identity of T. aureus (Giinther) and T. helleri (Stein.). * 1. c. 231. Vol. XVIII, pp. 247-248 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON /_ ■ ■ — -r~ A NE\\' BAT FPvOM MEXICO. BY WALTER L. HAHN. A study of the bat genus Hemiderma, begun l)y the author some time since, has been delayed in various ways, and it now becomes necessary to publish a preliminary description of a new species from Mexico. For the use of the specimens on which this description is based the writer is indebted to Dr. C. Hart Merriam, Chief of the Biological Survey. Hemiderma subrufum sp. nov. Tijpe from Santa Ifigenia, Oaxaca, Mexico. No. 75,127, U. S. National Museum, Biolojiical Survey Collection. J* adult. July 29, 1895. E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman. Original number 8235. General characters — Size small (forearm under 40) ; fur with a decided reddish tinge; skull short and small with high strongly rounded brain- case ; teeth small and toothrows strongly divergent posteriorly. Color. — Ten skins from the type locality are uniformly of a dark reddish brown color above. The individual hairs are banded as follows : A very short (not over i mm.) basal area whitish ; nexta wider band of dark (near the clove thrown of Ridgway) which is followed by another and wider band of huffish white; succeeding this is the somewhat narrower band of reddish prout's brown which gives to the animal its characteristic color ; hairs mi- nutely tipped with whitish. Underparts similar ; but the bands of color less sharply marked off, the dark bands being reduced and the pale areas suf- fused, making the general color paler and duller. Fur and Membrnnes. — The fur, as compared with other specimens of the genus from Mexico, is short and sparse, and the membranes more brownish. 53— Proc. Bioi,. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (247) 248 Hahn—A Neiv Bat From Mexico. Interfemoral membrane sparsely furred at base. Wing membranes from the ankle directly opposite the calcar. Sknllniid Teflli. — Theskull is small with ashort broad rostrum, and hitih, strongly rounded braincase. The palate is wide posteriorly, narrowed an- teriorly; posterior palatal projection short and broad. Audital bullae small ; basisphenioid pits deep. The teeth are small and the toothrows short, that portion behind the anterior premolar being so strongly divergent as to form a noticeable angle with the line of the anterior portion. Measurements. — Type : * Forearm, 39 ; hind foot, 13 ; calcar, 7 ; ear from base, 16; ear from notch, 13 ; nose leaf without horse shoe, 6.5. Skull of type: Greatest length, 21; basal length, 16.5; greatest breadth, 11; greatest depth, 9.5 , interorbital breadth, 5 ; upper toothrow, 7. Remarks. — Hemiderma subrufam is a well marked form which does not appear to intergrade with any other knf)wn species. In size it is interme- diate between the Hemiderma cinilaneiun of H. Allen and the large Mexican species called aztecn by Saussure.t Tlie body is small and the limbs slender and short (forearm 39 as compared with 42 given by Saussure). It also differs markedly in cranial characters from azteca,the skull being not only shorter and smaller but of a very different aspect, the braincase rising abruptly above the level of the rostrum, its sides flaring out in a broadly rounded arch and the palate and rostrum being relatively much broader. The teeth also are much lighter ; thetoothrow is shorter by a milliuieterand the rela- tive proportions of the cusps of some of the teeth differ markedly. In addition to the type series from Oaxaca, I have examined specimens in the collection of the Field Coluinlnan Museum from Achotal, Vera Cruz, which do not appear to differ in any essential way from the type. The color is perhaps a little paler but this is an extremely variable character in this genus, in which distinct dichromatism exists. * Measurements taken from dry skin. t Caroi7ta as/eca Saussure, Rev. et Mag.de Zool. 1860, p. 48i'. Temperate and trop- ical Mexico. Vol. XVIII, pp. 249-250 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON j^ A NEW FAMILY OF JUGULAR ACANTHOPTERYGIANS. BY THEODORE GILL AND HUGH M. SMITH. Among the fishes collected by the junior author in Japan in 1903 is a specimen in poor condition which can not l^e referred to any previously known family. The specimen, about 3 inches long, was obtained in May at Kagoshima, province of Satsuma, island of Kiushu, and was found among a miscellaneous lot of fishes caught in Kagoshima Bay by the local fishermen. The fish is designated as representing a new genus and species (Caristius japonicus) of a peculiar family of jugular acanthop- terygians ( Caristiidae ) . The distinctive characters are the greatly compressed cuneiform body covered with cycloid scales ; no lateral line ; branchial apertures ample ; high and elongated dorsal fin wdth the anterior rays crowded forward over the head and eyes; long anal fin; grooved or sheath-bearing abdomen between anal and ventrals; and jugular complete ventrals rooted below preopercles. The vertebrae number about 40, and the vertebral column (as shown by skiagraph) is singularly deflected downward near and to the occipital condyle ; the head is overhung by the extension of the flesh and dorsal fin above and forward ; the mouth is large and obliquely cleft, being continued backwards under the eyes; the jaw teeth are slender, acute, and pluriserial; the lower lip is interrupted Ijy a frenum in front; the eyes are large, their diameter being nearly one-half length of head. The height is 54— Pkoc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (249) 250 Gill and Smith — A New Family of Jugular Acanthopterygians. greatest al)Ove ventrals and is contained about If times in total length without caudal. The radial formula is approximately as follows : Dorsal, 34 (VI, 28?); anal, 21; caudal, a; + 9 — lO + .r; pectorals, 19; ven- trals, I, 5 ? The rays above the hind head are elongated and almost as high as the body but those in front progressively dim- inish forward. The length of ventrals nearly equals the length of head. The color of the body appears to have been tawny brown, with a silvery sheen and with traces of dark spots on the dorsal region, and the anal and ventrals were apparently blackish. A detailed description and illustration will be given after the skeletonization of the fish. Vol. XVIII, pp. 251-252 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON r A NEW ANAKinilCHADOlD FISH. BY THEODORE GILL. Ill order to enable a fuller examination of the eoniparative characters of the genera Anarrhiclias and L3'(ichthys to be made, a poorly preserved specimen of the- latter, supposed to l)e the L. latifroii-'<, was sent to be skeletonized. A comparison of the eliaracters with those of L. latifroas and L. (Jrnticulatus, howexor, indicate it to lu' an undescribed species which may be called Lycichthys paucidens. The vomerine teeth are confined to the front and there are only 5 teeth remaining, 3 forming a triangle in front and 2 in a cross row behiiid. (There are sockets for 4 others.) The teeth of the dentaries are mostly uniserial (0 or 10 on each side) but in an outer row are 2 or 3 more on each side. All the teeth are sul)acute and well separated as in the other species of Lycichthys. I). 77. A. 46. P. 22. C. 19. The specimen was obtained fi-om Banciureau near Nova Scotia and will be deposited in the United States National Museum. 55— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol.. XVHI, 1905. (251) Vol. XVIII, pp. 253-256 December 9, 1905 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 4XL GENERAL NOTES. A SECOND SPECIMEN OF ODONTONYCTERIS MF.YERl JENTINK.* Among some mammals collected by Dr. Ed^ar A. Mearns, on the island of Cagayan Sulu, in February, 190-i, is an adult male (No. 125,316, United States National Museum) of the bat described by Dr. Jentink as Odonlo- nijcterh meyevi.t The type, hithei-to the only known representative of the genus and sjjecies, came from the Sangi Islands, about 500 miles southeast of Cagayan Sulu. The measurements of the second specimen are as follows (thoseof the type in parenthesis): Head and body, 83; tibia, 16; foot, 10.6; calcar, 3.8; forearm, 40 (39); thumb, 16; second finger, 31 (29); third finger, 80 (78) ; fourth finger, 64 (63) ; fifth finger, 62 (56) ; ear from meatus, 15.8 ; ear from crown, 12.8 ; width of ear, ll.~~Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. NEW NAME FOR PONTOLEON. In naming the fossil sea-lion from Oregon, described by me in the Smith- sonian Miscellaneous Collections, Quarterly Issue, Vol. 48, pt. 1, No. 1577, May 13, 1905, I failed to observe that the generic designation Fontoleon proposed for it differed only in the final letter from Pontoleo Gloger, 1841. Those who do not consider this a sufficient distinction, might use the desig- nation Pontolis for Fontoleon. The matter is, perhaps, of little importance as Gloger's name is a synonym for the earlier Otaria, and can never be used. As the case is perfectly understood, no one is likely to be led astray. — F. W. True. *By permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, t Notes from the Leyden Museum, XXIII, p. 140, July 15, 1902. 56— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. XVIII, 1905. (253) 254 General Notes. MYOTIS LUCIFUGUS IN KAMCHATKA. The United States National Museum contains a specimen of a bat from Petropavlovski, Kamchatka, which is of considerable interest. The f^peci- men (No. iyjfl) i^ preserved in alcohol and is in bad condition but practically all the diagnostic characters and measurements can still be determined. A careful examination shows that this bat is not closely related to any known Palaearctic species and tliat it does not appear to differ in any essential way from the Mt/otix lucifiigus of North .\merica. Some doubt has existed as to the correctness of the data for tliis specimen because no collector's number or label was attached to it and because the locality given in the Museum catalogue is Petropavlovsk, Alai^ku. Thanks to the kindness of Dr. W. H. Dall, I have been able to obtain for it a record as complete and authentic as that attaching to any alcoholic specinie;i collected before field labels came into general use. The bottle label is one of those used to indicate specimens received from the Western Union Company's Overland International Telegraph Expedition. The data on it : "Bat, Petropavlovsk, F. Whymper," is in the handwriting of Dr. Dall who has also been good enough to look through his note books for the years during which he was connected with the expedition. He finds that a bat was picked up by one Nicolai Fletcher, a resident of Petropavlovski who had never been in America, and given to Mr. Whymper and finally trans- mitted to the National Museum througli Dr. Dall. That this was the specimen now under consideration there can l>e no doubt. So far as I am aware no species of land mammal is known to occur on both sides of the North Pacific. True Myulis lucifugus is not known to occur on the west coast of North America anywhere excepting in the vicinity of Kodiak Island and the Alaska Peninsula. Is it possible that its range may extend out over the Aleutian Islands and thence to Kam- chatka? It seems much more probable that the specimen obtained by Mr. Whymper was only an accidental visitor carried over in the liold of a ship ; but the northwestward distribution of the species is a question worthy of the attention of natui-alists and collectors who visit this region. — Walter fj. Ha]m. MASTODON REMAINS IN THE YUKON VALLEY. Through the efforts of J. B. Tyrrell of Dawson, Yukon Territory, the U. S. National Museum has come into possession of a well-preserved tooth of a mastodon from the Pleistocene of the Klondike region. It was found beneath 25 feet of "muck" and gravel on claim No. 14, Gold Run Creek. Mis. Dr. Wills, of Dawson, secured possession of it and trans- ferred it to Mr. Tyrrell and he has kindly sent it to me with the request that it be examined and deposited in the Museum. It is a last lower molar and so far as I can detect does not differ in any important respect from corresponding teeth of the common mastodon {Mamuiut americanum), so many remains of which have been found in the United States. The best known record of the occurrence of mastodon remains north of General Notes. 255 the I'nited States seems to be that by Sir John Ricliardson * based upon several scapulae from Swan River, near Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba. A second northern record has been called to my attention by E. A. Preble, that of a tootli recorded by Robert Bell, who says: "In the bed of the Moose River, near the nortli side below the forks, 4() miles from Moose Factory, a mastodon's jaw with one of the teeth was found by an Indian, who broke out the tooth with his axe and carried it to Moose Factory." f In comi)aripon with the Klondike region, however, both of these localities are not far from the center of abundance of mastodon remains. — Wilfred H. Osgood. *Zool. Voy. Herald, pp. 101-102, 141-142, 1854. t Geol. Surv. of Canada, Report of Progress for 1877-8, p. 7c, 1879. INDEX New names are printed in heavy type Acanthodoris brunnea 52 hudsoni 51 Accipiter pacificus 122 rufilatus 122 Acrostichum excelsum 224 loniarioides 224 Acutalis inornata 119 Aegires albopunctatus 45 Aeronympha 161 prosantis 162 .Ethopyga boltoni 4, 89 Agropyron flexuosum 149 griffithsi 148 sitanioides 149 Aldisa sanguuiea 42 Alebion glabrum 129 gracile 128 Alfaro, Anastasio. A new owl from Costa Rica 217-218 Allen, Glover M. Notes on Bahama bats 65-72 Allenia aplcalis 186 Allocotopterus 209 ilflieiosus 209 Ampelis finctus 210 Anableps dovii 244 Anoula pacifica .53 Anisotrema williamsi 241 Anthophora semiflava 183 Anthreptes cagayanensis 6, S9 Antrostomiis notabilis Ill Aphanotriccus 207 capitalis 207 Arabis menziesii 187 pedioellata 187 Aragallnsabbreviatus 12 aljoriginiun 13 albertinus 15 articulatus 13 bryophilus 17 cervinus 16 falcatus 13 formosus 14 )j:alioides 16 hudsonicus 17 invenustus 14 knowltonii 12 luteolus 17 macounii 16 malusculus 12 melanodontus 15 metcalfei 12 rigens 14 ventosus 15 Archidoris montereyensis 37 Arges boulengeri 97 brachycephalus . . 92 chotse . 102 Arges eigenmanni 91 festse 95 fissidens 97 longifilis 92 peruanus . . 92 prenadilla 92 sabalo 92 taczanowskii 95 vaillanti 97 whymperi 95 Artemisia kennedyi 175 Aspidium aescaliiblium 239 Astroblepus grixalvii 93 Asyndesmus lewisi 225 torquatus 224 Atalotriccus 208 pilaris 208 Austroperia 109 B Bagabo bird 2 Bailey, Vernon. Exhibition of a large pearl mussel from Texas . . . . viii Baker, A. B. Exhibition of a plant of Hepatica hepatlca with double flowers ix Ballstes viii Ball, Elmer D. Some new Homoptera from the South and Southwest 117-120 Bangs, Outram. Descriptions of seven new subspecies of American birds 151-156 What is Icierus gualanensis Un- derwood? ... 167-170 The name of the Panama green honey creeper 186 Bartsch, Paul. Notes on the breeding of the woodcock about Washington and an unusual nesting site of the Carolina wren x Belonesox belizanus . 244 Blodgett, F. H. Exhibition of a micro- scopic mount of an ant viii Bosleria nevadensis 175 Brachypteryx brunneiceps 4 mindanensis 3,4,88 poliogyna 4 Bromus maritimus 148 nudus 148 vestitus 147 Brontes prenadilla 93 Buteo antillarum 62 Cadlina flavomaculata 43 marginata 43 57— Proc. Biol, Soc, Wash., Voi,. XVIII, 1905. (257) 258 The Biologkal Sorictj/ of Washington . Cagayan SuUi brown-throated sunbird 6 Calospizii cara l^-'' ("anis pambasileus 79 Capriiimlgus mindanensis 85 Caristes -49 iaponicus -W Caristidie -'4'J Carpiodes meridioiialis '2J3 Carpoi>haga 84 Cathartes aura 1'22 burrovianus 124 septentrionalis 1'^:! Catharus omiltemensis -}}} Catoptrophorus 7.') Cemophora cocci nua 73 Cephalophoneus suluensis Si Cerasiis arida W crenulata . . 56 eniarginata 55 kellogi;iana 58 obliqua 59 obtusata 60 padifolia 59 parvifolia 59 peiinsylvanica . 55 prunifolia . . -57 rhatnnoides 58 trichopetala 60 CerohiieipicvLs t(iri|uatus 224 Cervus nannodes '.^4 Chaetura celebeiisis 185 Chickering, J. W. The Potomac-side Naturalists' Club and its predeces- sors . xi Chilonatalus tumidifrous 68 Chlorophaues exsul 186 guatemalensis . . isr; spiza 186 Chlorospingus zeiedoni 212 Christensenia 2o'.) aesculitolia 240 Chromodoris porterje 44 Cichlasoma everniaiiiii 244 fenestratum ... 245 mojarra . 244 salvini 214 trimacnlat\iiii 245 zonatum 245 Claravis livida . 153 Clark, A. H. Description of a new Euplionia from the southern West Indies 19-22 Preliminary descriptions of three new birds from St. Vincent. West Indies 61-61 Cleomella hillmani 171 pubescens 172 taurocranos . . 172 Cnemarchus 208 erythropygius 208 Cnipolegns hudsoni 209 Cockerell, T. D. A. New American bees .... 177 184 Collocalia inexpectata 90 Colopterns pilaris .... . . 20S Cooke, W. W. Discontinuous breed- ing ranges of birds . . xi Coville. F. V. The international bo- tanical congress at Vienna . . . . xi Crateropus apicalis 186 Cryptoglaux ridgwayi 217 Crypturusmustelinus 151 Cyane . . 201 blandiana 202 Cyclopium cyclopum 91 huniboldtii 02 Cynorays pyrrotrichus 139 Cyrtostomus dinagatensis 5, 89 D Daenis callaina 154 Dall, W. H. Note on tlie name Hen- dcrsdiila 189 Note on the earliest use of the generic name Puriiura in binomial "nomeuelaturo 189 A new proserpinoid land shell from Brazil 201-202 A new (thiton from the New England coast 203-204 Dellocephalns littoralis 120 slossoni 119 Derinonotus ... 223 Duuiilrena nothocalaidis 183 Diaulnla sandiegensis 41 Dicauni davao 87 Dinagat oiiiuge breasted sunbird ... 5 Discodoris heathi 39 Distichlis multinervosa 147 Dooliltle, A. A. Kxliibition of a pecu- liar walnut fruit x Doiiopsis fulva 45 Doris uiontereyensis 37 sandiegensis 41 saiigniuea 42 Dorosoma anale 243 E Edonis 1'3 Helena H4 Elainea clegans 210 Elainopsis . '-'0 ele.iiaus 210 Klliot. 1). (t. Descriptions of three ap- parently new species of mammals . 79 Descriptions of apparently new mammals of the genera Orihiis, Cil- iKiiiii/s, and Miis/i/ii 13.')-140 Desciiptiunsof apparently new species and sul)speciesof mammals from .Mexico and San Domingo 233-236 Jiescription of an a))parently new subsjiecies of Microgale from Madagascar 237-238 Klym\is mollis 150 Eniphoropsis rugosissima . . ... 182 Epicampoctoueu.sis 75 bntanensis 7(j cristata 76 indica .... 75 rnVjra 76 Lntra periclyzomae 80 I.yt'ichthys paucidens 251 f.ycopodinm dichaeoides 2.S1 Lyi>n, .M. \V. Remarks on the malarial infection of crows viii M Mc.Xtec. W. L Remarks on the bird foods found in drift ix MacKarland. V. M. ,\ preliminary ac- count of the l)oridida> of Mont^erey iiay. California "35-44 Macronectes 76 Macronous montanus 4, 88 Macrostoma 289 Maddren, A. G. Notes on the occur- rence of Mammoth remains in Alaskii ix Maiasquinado 157 Maja 74, 157 Mamaia 74, 157 Mamaiida' 157 MamiTHit americanum 254' Mann. Albert. Diatoms viii 260 The Biological Societi/ of Washington. Margarops albiventris ISO Maxon, W. K. A new cloak-fern from Mexico 205-206 A new fern from Porto Rico 215-216 A new name for a middle American fern 224 A new Lycopodium from Guat- emala . . 2;!l-232 A new name for Kaulfiissia Blume, a genus of marattiaceous ferns 2;39-240 Mearns, E. A. Animal life of Mount Apo of the Philippine Islands . . viii Descriptions of a new genus and eleven new species of Philip- pine birds 1-S Note on a specimen of Pilheco- phagajefferyi OgWvie-GTuut . ... 16 Descriptions of eight new Phil- ippine birds, with notes on other species new to the island .... ,S3-90 Two specimens of Chaelura celebeusis (Sclater) 185 Meek, S. E. Two new species of fishes from Brazil 241-242 A collection of fishes from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec . . . .243-246 Megaderma frons 227 Megamelanus elongatus 118 rufivittatus 119 Melica montezumae 144 Melissodes galvestonensis 181 hortivadans . 180 pallidisi>;nata 180 pecosella 179 verbesinarum 180 Merriam, cristobalensis 2:^0 Pliyllostoma verrucos^um 2;5f) Picus lewi.sii 224 moiitanus 224 torquatus 224 Pimelodella eigenmanni 241 Pimelodns cyclopum 91 Piper, C. V" New and interesting American grasses 143-l.'JO Pipradeliciosa 209 Pisa 157 Pitaugus taylori 209 Pithecophaga jefferyi 76 Placostomus 208 coronatus 208 superciliaris 208 Platyrhynehus superciliaris 208 cancroma 211 Platytriccus 211 albogularis 211 bifasciatus 211 cancroma 211 flavigularis 211 griseiceps 211 insularis 211 mystaceus 211 saturatus 211 senex 211 Plegadis falcinellus 89 Poa brachyglossa 14,5 cottoni 146 pachyphnlis 146 sandbergii 147 Poecilia sphenops 2t4 Pogonotriccus zeledoni 210 Polemonium montrosensis 174 Polyeeraatra 50 Polystichum krugii 215 rhizophylliim 216 Pontoleon . ." 2.53 Pontnlis 253 Proserpina depressa 201 derbyi 202 Proeellariagigantea 76 Psendoperla 108 Pseudotharrhaleus griseipectus . . 2, 8S Pteronotus 223 Pterophryne histrio xi Purpura . 189 Putorius macrophonius 235 R Ralhis pallidas 141 Ramphocelus chrysopterus 169 dunstalli 169 festffi 169 inexpectatus 169 uropyglalis 169 Ratlibnn, M. .1. Why not Parnmni/a? . 74 Keitlirodoiitoinys umoenus 234 Khiundia oaxaciL' 243 Klianmus nevadensis 174 Kichardson, II. Further changes in crustacean nomenclature . . 9-10 Richmond, 0. \V. The generic name of the willet ..... 75 Note on the synonymy ol' llxiiintospiza sipahi 75 New generic name forthc giant fulmar 70 Kidgway, Robert. Descrij)tious of some new genera of Tyraniiida>, Pil)ridic, and Cotingidie .... 207-210 New genera of Tyrannidse and Turdidie, and new forms of Tanag- rid;e and Turdida^ 211-214 Description of an adult female Eiqilioiiiii, supposed to be Euplurina cimttlii) (Cabanis) 225 Riley, J. H. On the correct name for the moiuitain thrush of the Lesser Antilles . . 186 Descriptions of three new birds from the Merida region of Vene- zuela 219-222 A new name for Lewis' wood- pecker 224 Rimamphus 75 Rostanga pulchra 40 Sargassum fish x Scaphoceros 223 Scardafella dialeucos 152 Sciuropterus zaphsus 133 Scolopsella 118 reticulata 118 Seton, Ernest Thompson, IJfe histories of some rodents of Manitoba ; Life history of the northern coyote . . . vii Signalosa mexicana 243 Smith, H. M. Proper scientific name for the blue-gill sun-hsh ; Note on a rare flying fish {Exnni'tus Intkrnh : Feeding habits of the trigger fish (Balistes) ix Note on the abundance of wood- cock in the neighborhood of Wash- ington , . X Notes on the sargassum fish {Pterophryne histrio] xi Smith, H. M.'and Gill. T. A new fam- ily of jugular acanthopterygians 249-2.50 Sphferostigma senex 173 Stebbing, T. R. R. Mamaia and Ma- maiidse ... 1,57-160 Stejneger. Leonhard A snake new to the District of Columbia .... 73-74 Stictnrnis 209 ductus 210 Stiles. ('. W. Note on the occurrence of the rat-tailed larva- in man . . x Stygogenes cyclopum 92 guentheri 92 hiimboldtii 92 Sula leucogastra 121 sula 121 Symbos 223 cavifrons 224 tyrrelli 224 Symphemia 75 Synhalonia cressoniana 177 fuscotincta 178 semilippiae 179 snoviana 179 262 The Biological Society of Washington. T Taeiiiopteraerythropygia 208 striaticollis 208 Taeniopteryx tenuis no Tamias nexus 233 Tangavius a'lieus 126 armenti 126 assimilis 120 iuvolucratus 126 Terenotriccus 207 erythrurus 207 fulvigiilaris 207 Tetragonopteriis aeneus 2-13 Thomas, Oldtield. Suggestions for the nomenclature of the cranial length measurements and of the cheek- teeth of mammals 1<»1-19(; Thorichthys aureus 245 Thrij.s tab'ad 197 Tolmarchus 209 bahamensis 209 caudifasciatus 209 caymanensis 209 gabbi 209 jamaicensis 209 'tuylori 209 Tonicelia blaneyi 203 Tovvnsend, C. O. Distribution and de- velopment of the sugar beet indus- try in the United States vii Triepeolus hopkinsi 184 Triopha carpenteri 4S grandis 50 maculata 49 True, F. W. New name for Pontoleon . 253 Turdus aplcalis 186 aurantius 212 montanus 186 Turnix suluensis 83 Tyrannopsis 209 sulphureus 209 Tyrannula phoenicnra 207 Tyrannulus semiliavus 210 u Urubitinga cancrivora 63 Urubu brasiliensibus 123 V Veateh, A. C. The question of origin ofthenat\iral mo\uids of Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas vii Vespertilio bahamensis 67 Vultur aura 122 w Waters, C. E. Remarks on diatoms . viii Fern stems x White, David. Fossal plants of the group Cycadotilices viii Wilson, 0. B. New species of parasitic cope pods from the Massachusetts coast 127-132 X Xenoglossa utahensis 182 Xiphophorus helleri 244 z Zaushneria argentea 173 %«;,,»'1