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PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

Biological Society of Washington

VOLUME 59
1946

WASHINGTON
PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY

COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS

HERBERT FRIEDMANN, Chairman
REMINGTON KELLOGG F. C. LINCOLN
EP. KTLLIP J. S. WADE

PUBLICATION NOTE

By a change in the By-Laws of the Biological Society of Wash-
ington, effective March 27, 1926, the fiscal year now begins in May,
and the officers will henceforth hold office from May to May. This,
however, will make no change in the volumes of the Proceedings,
which will continue to coincide with the calendar year. In order to
furnish desired information, the title page of the current volume and
the list of newly elected officers and committees will hereafter be
published soon after the annual election in May.

MONUMENTAL PRINTING CO.

AUG 13 1946
ReGEIVED Roy,

euy of soe

OFFICERS AND COUNCIL
OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
(FOR 1946-1947)

(ELECTED MAY 11, 1946)

OFFICERS
President

J. S. WADE

Vice-Presidents
(In the order of election)

W. L. SCHMITT F. C. LINCOLN
J. W. ALDRICH J. E. BENEDICT, Jr.
Recording Secretary
BLAKE
Corresponding Secretary
ROBERT S. BRAY
Treasurer
ALLEN J. DUVALL
COUNCIL
Elected Members
MALCOLM DAVIS H. J. DEASON
J. A. FOWLER D. E. MCHENRY

W. H. STICKEL

Ex-Presidents

PAUL BARTSCH H. B. HUMPHREY
W. B. BELL H. H. T. JACKSON
C. E. CHAMBLISS H. C. OBERHOLSER
BK. A. GOLDMAN T. S. PALMER

W. P. HAY S. A. ROHWER

A. D. HOPKINS F. THONE

L. O. HOWARD E. P. WALKER

A. WETMORE

STANDING COMMITTEES—1946-1947

Committee on Communications
F. C. BisHopp R. F. Griggs D. E. McHENRY
C. CorTraM S. F. HILDEBRAND F. F. SMITH

Committee on Zoological Nomenclature
AustTIn H. CLARK, Chairman
PAvuL BARTSCH H. H. T. JaAcKson
A. WETMORE : C. F. W. MUESEBECK
Committee on Publications
HERBERT FRIEDMANN, Chairman
Remineron KELLOGG E. P. Kir F. C. LINCOLN J. 8. WADE

Trustees of Permanent Funds
J. E. Grar (1945-1947), Chairman
F. C. Lincoun (1946-1948) S. F. BLAKE (1946-1948)

Gi)

EX-PRESIDENTS
OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

*THEODORE N. GILL, 1881, 1882
*CHaARLES A. WHITE, 1883, 1884
*G. Brown Goong, 1885, 1886
*Wituiam H. Daut, 1887, 1888
*Lester F. Warp, 1889, 1890
*C. Hart Merriam, 1891, 1892
*C. V. Rinzy, 1893, 1894

*Gro. M. STERNBERG, 1895, 1896
L. O. Howarp, 1897, 1898
*FREDERICK V. CoviLLE, 1899, 1900
*F. A. Lucas, 1901, 1902

*B. W. EvermMann, 1903, 1904
*F. H. Know tron, 1905, 1906
*L. STEJNEGER, 1907, 1908

T. S. Paumer, 1909, 1910
*Davip Waite, 1911

*E. W. Neuson, 1912, 1913
Pavuu Barrscu, 1914, 1915

W. P. Hay, 1916, 1917
*J. N. Ross, 1918
*HucuH M. Smiru, 1919

A. D. Hopxiys, 1920
*N. HoLuister, 1921
*VERNON BalLeEy, 1922
*A. S. Hrrconcock, 1923
*J. W. Giptey, 1924

S. A. RoHweEr, 1925

H. C. OBERHOLSER, 1926-1927
EK. A. GotpMan, 1927-1929
ALEXANDER WETMORE, 1929-1931
H. H. T. Jackson, 1931-1933
C. E. CHamMBLiss, 1933-1936
*H. C. Furr, 1936-1938

W. B. Bett, 1938-1940

K. P. Waker, 1940-1942

H. B. Humpurey, 1942-1944
F. THonE, 1944-1946

* Deceased.

(iv)

vw) 276 Be

‘574.6

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Officers and Committees for 1946.00. ze
nnn CaP OA. 8) EPC ys PL Sen Ye
Four New Species of Dictyna, by Sherman C. Bishop and
ee Te nee ong): RRS)
New Species and New Genera of American Tingidae
(Hemiptera), by C. J. Drake and E. J. Hambleton___..
A Small Herpetological Collection from Eastern Peru, by
peebenniteid Pedant ot asin)
Taxonomic Notes on American Chiggers (Larvae of the
Mite Family Trombiculidae), Including the Redescrip-
tion of a Genus and the Descriptions of two New
Species, by H. E. Ewing. EU) Is Pe,
The Name of the Royal Palm, ‘by Francis Harpers) bos:
Two New Species of the Milliped Genera Chonaphe and
Aniulus, by Ralph V. Chamberlin __.__-___-»_______
A New American Genus in the Chilopod Family Himan-
tartidae, by Ralph V. Chamberlin_._.-_--_-_____
New Species of Mosquitoes from the Marianas and Okinawa
(Diptera, Culicidae), by Richard M. Bohart_.._________.
A New Chaetopappa from the Guadalupe Mountains of
New Mexico and Texas, by S. F. Blake ..._>_>____
New Forms of Birds from Panama and Colombia, by Alex-
SN NGUUNIING 2 o Rtarenc heme
A New Pitta from the Malay Peninsula, by H. G. Deignan_
Three New Mammals from the Pearl Islands, Panama, by
pment bella ovo) } 6 ee ea
Two New Wood-Hewers of the Genus Dendroplex from
Venezuela and Colombia, by Alexander Wetmore and
SN a et ee
A New Name for the Desert Race of the Bat, Myotis cali-
fornicus, by Walter W. Dalquest__.._________________
Notes on the Taxonomy of Three Genera of Trombiculid
Mites (Chigger Mites), Together with the Description
of a New Genus, by H. E. Ewing__.__.--_--_____
A New Worm-Lizard (Ancylocranium barkeri) from Tan-
ganyika Territory, by Arthur Loveridge_.._______________...
A New Race of Rhipidura rufifrons from Rota Island,
Mariana Islands, by Rollin H. Baker____._____»_-_________.
Necessary Changes of Names in the Coleopterous Family
Scarabaeidae, by Edward A. Chapin_....._____-_-__
A New Badger from South Dakota, by Viola S. Schantz..
The Aedes (Stegomyia) albolineatus Group (Diptera, Cu-
licidae), by Kenneth L. Knight and Lloyd E. Roze-
ct sae et a
Two New Warblers from Mexico, by Robert T. Moore____

ZpaFORN,
“CO LIBRARY

1947

RECEIVED Roy, ]
NeEmy of SOA

>
iy

vi Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

A New Woodpecker from Mexico, by Robert T. Moore___. 102-106
Notes on the Distribution of the Chipmunks (Eutamias) in
Southern British Columbia and the Rocky Mountain
Region of Southern Alberta, with Descriptions of Two

New Races, by I.. McT. Cowan_ >. ce 5 eee __ 107-118
Two New Butterflies from the Admiralty ey by Austin

Hy Clark a eee -? ___. 1 ae
New Genera of Eleotridae and Gobiidae and one New Spe-

cies from West Africa, by Albert W. C. T. Herre. 121-128
New Subspecies of Birds from Western North America, by

John W. Aldrich... le 129-136

A New Cotton Rat from Virginia, by Marshall C. Gardner_ 137-138
On Four Millipeds from Georgia and Mississippi, by Ralph

V. Chamberlim 22.4.0 25 ee 139-142
The New Guinea Species of Culex (Culiciomyia), with De-

scriptions of Two New Species, by Willard V. King. 143-154
A New Gnatcatcher from Bolivia, by W. E. Clyde Todd —.. 155
The Occurrence of Wehrle’s Salamander, Plethodon wehrlet

Fowler and Dunn, in Virginia, by M. Graham Netting,

N. Bayard Green, and Neil D. Richmond —__.____ 157-160
A New Milliped and Two New Centipeds from Guam, by
Ralph V. Chamberlin 22>...) VJ ee _ 161-163
General Notes.(340 002) et __ 165-166
A New Locality Record for Ewmeces laticeps (Schneider)
in Maryland, by J..A. Fowler__._...._ ....» ....5 5 165
Partial Neoteny in a Common Newt, by J. A. Fowler ___ 166
A New Mouse of the Peromyscus boylii Group from Utah,
by Stephen D. Durrant... = 2.) 22.) Lee 167-168
The Spiny Rats of the Riu Kiu Islands, by David H.
aplnsont. (23 es ee 169-172
Three New Mites from Rats in Puerto Rico, by Irving Fox 173-176
A New Name for a Mealybug, by Edson J. Hambleton —___ 177

A New Subspecies of Helicostyla florida from Mindoro,
Philippine Islands, by Paul Bartsch... 179

Contents Vii

LIST OF PLATES

Beemer TaNOCIes OF Dict yids ee
Beem wenecies. Of Jictyna 7
nets, OC Pe yee ee bye
Smomaracarus gaily 25
5. New Millipeds of Genera Chonaphe and Aniulus 33
a saenopneus coloradanus 37
weramew mpecies of Mosquitods.. ee 46
8. Holotype of Ancylocranium barkert.....-------—---------------- 75
ES SRNL TS SED tn ne Ore ae ee ee SRE 96
Smnmiion Aedes. 97
Pr peetmile of Aedes Ea ee ee ig 98
12. Four Millipeds from Georgia and Mississippi. —________-____ 141
ia avem taninea Species of Culer_.._.._... = 152
Zo mew Guinea Species of Culler... 153
15. Guamobolus delus and Mecistocephalus ocanus__.._----_- 163
16. Three New Mites from Puerto Rico__------ 176

Text Figure not given Plate number—
Fig. 1—Dorsal plate of Neoschéngastia americana.._._......-- - 40

ERRATA ;
Plate XIII, page 75, should read Plate VIII.

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Vol. 59, pp. ix-xii

PROCEEDINGS
OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

PROCEEDINGS

The Society meets from October to May on the second Sat-
urday of each month at 8 P. M. All meetings in 1946 were
held in Room 48 of the U. S. National Museum.

January 12, 1946—955th Meeting

President Thone in the chair; 110 persons present.

New member elected: R. H. Baker.

Informal communications: F. Thone, Exhibition of new bio-
logical publications; F. R. Fosberg, Exhibition of some publi-
eations of Chronica Botanica.

Formal communication: William Vogt, A catastrophe year
on the Peruvian coast.

February 9, 1946—956th Meeting

President Thone in the chair: 28 persons present.

New members elected: R. I. Cohen, K. L. Knight.

Informal communication: F. Thone, Exhibition of new bio-
logical publications.

Formal communication: A. F. Sievers and E. C. Stevenson,
Illustrated account of some plants of specific and peculiar in-
terest to man.

_ March 16, 1946—957th Meeting

President Thone in the chair; 51 persons present.

New member elected: R. M. Bohart. 2

Informal communications: F. Thone, Exhibition of new bio-
logical publications; H. B. Humphrey, Note on the scarcity
of gray squirrels in the Cabin John region this winter; E. P.
Walker, Note on a method of ascertaining whether natural
food for squirrels is running low.

Formal communication: T. P. Dykstra, Some Biedegsied and
agricultural facts gleaned out of Free China. | Be

(ix)

x Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

April 13, 1946—958th Meeting

President Thone in the chair; 51 persons present.

Informal communication: Malcolm Davis, Exhibition of a
domestic pigeon which had starved to death due to displace-
ment and locking of the mandibles.

Formal communications: Elmer Dorbin, Noises made by
fishes and other marine life; F. G. Orsinger, Tongueless toads.

May 12, 1946—959th Meeting
SIXTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING

President Thone in the chair; 7 persons present.

New members elected: M. S. Briscoe, M. C. Gardner.

The death of T. S. Roberts was noted.

Reports were received from the Recording Secretary, Cor-
responding Secretary (informal), and Treasurer. The follow-
ing officers and members of council were elected: President,
Joe S. Wade; Vice Presidents, W. L. Schmitt, J. W. Aldrich,
F. C. Lincoln, J. E. Benedict, Jr.; Recording Secretary, S.
F. Blake; Corresponding Secretary, R. S. Bray; Treasurer,
A. J. Duvall; Members of the Council, Malcolm Davis, J. A.
Fowler, D. E. McHenry, H. J. Deason, W. Stickel. S. F. Blake
and F. C. Lincoln were appointed Trustees of Permanent
Funds to sueceed J. S. Wade and M. B. Waite.

October 12, 1946—960th Meeting

President Wade in the chair; 38 persons present.

New members elected: R. M. Gilmore, C. O. Handley, Jr.,
W. V. King, R. T. Peterson, A. R. Phillips.

The death of E. A. Goldman was noted.

Informal communication: KE. P. Walker, Note on experi-
ments in making photographs of small mammals in motion.

Formal communications: J. F. G. Clarke, Informal discus-
sion of the present status of European museums; R. A. F.
Gohar, Marine biological research on the Red Sea.

November 9, 1946—961st Meeting

President Wade in the chair; 80 persons present,

New member elected: R. D. Van Pelt.

Informal communications: F. Thone, Exhibition of new bio-
logical publications; I. N. Hoffman, Note on a species of Sola-
num from Venezuela.

Proceedings xi

Formal communications: M. A. Elliott, Birds along the way ;
New York Zoological Society, The flight of the humming bird.

December 14, 1946—962d Meeting

President Wade in the chair; 74 persons present.

New members elected: E. J. Hambleton, H. I. Kleinpeter,
ITT.

Informal communications: H. B. Humphrey, Note on scare-
ity of gray squirrels and rabbits; T. 8. Palmer, Note on the
Pinchot Collection of photographs and notes relating to per-
sons connected with forestry, in the Library of Congress.

Formal commumeation: A. J. Duvall and C. O. Handley,
Jr., Land of the Eskimo,

Vol. 59, pp. 1-8 : March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

FOUR NEW SPECIES OF DICTYNA.
BY SHERMAN C. BISHOP AND CLAIRE RUDERMAN.!

The new species here described are from the Cornell Uni-
versity collection and were made available through the
courtesy of Dr. Helen Blauvelt. The types will be deposited
at Cornell.

These four species are from a series of thirteen described,
but not published, several years ago. The remaining nine
species of the series have either been described recently by
other workers or are in the process of description by Dr.
W. J. Gertsch, of the American Museum, who kindly checked
our material with his to avoid possible duplication of effort.

Dictyna cornupeta new species.
(Figs. 1-2.)

Male. Length,8mm. Cephalothorax with the head relatively broad,
light yellow-brown with the radiating lines on the thorax and four longi-
tudinal lines on the head darker. Sternum yellow in some individuals
with the margin narrowly black and with a dark median stripe which
does not reach the margin either in front or behind. Labium slightly
dusky. Endites yellow. Chelicerae light dusky orange, concave,
strongly bowed apart in the middle leaving an ovate opening between
them closed below by a pair of opposed teeth; lateral ridges at base of
chelicerae short, not well developed, not tooth-like. Legs and palpi
pale yellow, tarsus of latter dark. Abdomen above pale yellowish with a
basal lanceolate dark stripe followed by a diamond-shaped median spot
and this by a double row of irregular spots connected by narrow chevrons
and to the dark on the sides by oblique lines; venter yellowish or whitish,
with two dark spots in front of the epigastric furrow, a dark spot at each
end of this furrow, a dusky median area back of it and a dark spot at
each end of the spiracular furrow.

Posterior eyes in a gently recurved line, equidistant, separated by

1 Department of Biology, The University of Rochester.

1—Proc. Broun. Soc. Wasx., Vor. 59, 1946. eS
OC’ tiprary
MAR 23 1946

RECEIVE

¥,

2 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.
two-thirds the diameter. Anterior eyes in a straight line, separated by a
little less than the diameter and from the lateral by less than the radius.

Femur of palpus short, thicker distally. Patella short and broad.
Tibia moderately long, viewed from the side gently convex above, more
strongly concave below; viewed from above, the mesal side convex and
the lateral side concave, the distal margin obliquely truncate. Tibia
armed dorsolaterally at base with a short, stout, erect process bearing
at tip two black teeth set in sockets. The embolus arises at the base of
the bulb from a moderately swollen base; it is black and is strengthened
by three thickened ribs. The conductor lies free from the cymbium for
a considerable distance; it ends basally in a black pointed process which
is curved around a circular passageway for the tip of the embolus,

Holotype male, Arizona: Texas Pass, Dragoon Mts., Aug. 21, 1917;
paratype, Wyoming: Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park,
Aug. 29, 1927, 1 male.

Dictyna tridentata new species.
(Figs. 3-4.)

Male. Length, 2.8 mm. Cephalothorax dark mahogany brown,
darker radiating lines on the thorax and longitudinal lines of fine white
hairs on the head. Sternum dusky orange, very much darker on margin
and posteriorly. Labium nearly black, lighter distally. Endites dark
dusky orange. Chelicerae dusky with a tinge of orange showing through,
strongly concave and strongly bowed apart in the middle, face of cheli-
cerae flat transversely with mesal and lateral edges clean cut at a right
angle, the lateral ridges at base well developed but without a tooth. Legs
dull orange with faint, darker annulations on posterior femora and at the
ends of the segments. Palpi dull orange. Abdomen reddish orange
with distinct black markings; a basal median wedge-shaped mark con-
stricted at posterior third, followed by a series of narrow chevrons con-
nected laterally with a row of irregular spots; venter broadly dark medi-
ally, lighter on the sides.

Posterior eyes almost in a straight line, the median separated by more
than the diameter and slightly farther from the lateral. Anterior eyes
in a straight line, the median separated by nearly twice the diameter
and from the lateral by two-thirds the diameter.

Femur of palpus rather stout, from above widened distally, gently
curved downward. Patella short and broad. Tibia rather stout,
viewed from the side concave below and convex above beyond the
process; viewed from above, the mesal side gently convex, the lateral,
concave, the distal margin gently concave, the lateral angle widened
and produced forward; tibia armed dorsally near base with a stout,
flattened, erect process gently curved forward and about three-fourths
as long as width of segment, bearing at tip three black teeth in a row set
in sockets. The embolus arises on the mesal side of the bulb.from a
distinctly swollen bulb-like base, passes along the edge of the cymbium
to the tip of the bulb where it enters the groove of the conductor. The

Bishop and Ruderman—F our New Species of Dictyna. 3

conductor lies close to the cymbium throughout its length and ends
basally in a narrow sharp-pointed process, finely denticulate at tip.

Holotype male, Wyoming: Summit of the Grand Teton Pass, July 4,
1933.

Dictyna peragrata new species.
(Figs. 5-8)

Male. Length, 2 mm. Cephalothorax chestnut brown with dark
radiating lines on the thorax and fainter longitudinal lines on the head.
Sternum dark gray over orange yellow, dark at margin and behind.
Labium dark at base. Endites yellow suffused with dusky. Chelicerae
chestnut brown, strongly concave and bowed apart in the middle, lateral
margin convex, the lateral ridges at base well developed. Legs pale
yellowish suffused with dusky and with dark annulations at the ends of
tibiae and metatarsi. Abdomen light above with a basal dark wedge-
shaped mark connected with a broader black spot, followed after an inter-
val by a black chevron and other indistinct markings. Sides of abdomen
dark.

Posterior eyes oval, in a straight line, equidistant, separated by a little
more than the long diameter. Anterior eyes in a straight line, the
median separated by a little more than the diameter and from the lateral
by a little less.

Femur of palpus nearly straight and cylindrical. Patella short, as
broad as femur. Tibia short, viewed from the side strongly concave
below, straight above beyond the two teeth; viewed from above widened
distally on the outer angle, the mesal side straight, the lateral, concave,
armed near base dorsolaterally with two nearly sessile black teeth set in
sockets. The embolus arises from a swollen bulb-like base on the ventral
side near base. It is rather stout and jet black. Near the distal end of
bulb it enters the groove of the conductor. The conductor lies free from
the edge of the cymbium for some distance, basally it is moderately
thickened and ends in a narrow, slender slightly curved process, serrated
along the inner margin of the tip.

Female: Length 2 to 2.25 mm. Similar to the male in form but gen-
erally lighter in color, the cephalothorax dusky orange yellow, the abdo-
men mottled gray and yellow, the basal mark, when present, brown.
Epigynum of adult (Fig. 7) with a triangular median lobe, the apex
directed forward and with the margins continued laterally. The open-
ings, in mature individuals, show as dark oval cavities on either side of
the median lobe. Posteriorly, the receptacles show through as dark
round or oval blotches. In juvenile females (Fig. 8), the openings are
indistinct and the receptacles are faintly outlined beneath the surface.

Holotype male. Washington: Edmonds, August 16, 1927; allotype,
California: Miranda, June 4, 1936; paratypes, Washington: Friday
Harbor, June-July, 1928, 3 males, 3 females; California: Miranda,
June 4, 1936, 1 male, 3 females.

4 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

Dictyna francisca new species.
(Figs. 9-11.)

Male. Length, 2-2.2mm. Cephalothorax reddish orange with darker
radiating lines to dark brown in preserved specimens, head high and
narrow, clothed with five longitudinal rows of white hairs. Sternum
dark grayish orange narrowly black at margin. Labium darker, endites
a little lighter. Chelicerae dull orange brown, long, concave, bowed
apart in the middle, the lateral ridges at base short, thin, forming a small
but distinct tooth. Legs and palpi pale orange yellow. Abdomen
yellowish white above, with darker reticulations and with a dark median
basal mark which is strongly constricted and then enlarged to form a
distinct median spot; farther back there is a double row of 3 or 4 dark
spots, the last two pairs connected by transverse bars which are some-
times very heavy. Sides of abdomen grayish to blackish, venter broadly
pale across the middle, dusky in front and behind. Abdomen clothed
with long, white to light brown hairs.

Posterior eyes in a gently recurved line, equidistant, separated by the
diameter. Anterior eyes in a gently procurved line, the median smaller
than the lateral, separated by one and one-half times the diameter and
from the lateral by a little less than the diameter.

Femur of palpus nearly straight and cylindrical. Patella short,
strongly convex above. Tibia rather long, evenly convex above and
more strongly concave below, viewed from above the mesal side nearly
straight with the distal angle cut off, the lateral side concave; ventro-
laterally the margin is thinned out and is somewhat widened distally.
Tibia armed dorsolaterally at base with two black teeth borne on a very
low tubercle. The black, rather stout embolus arises from a rather
low quadrate bulb-like base on the mesal side of the bulb near the base.
It enters the conductor near the apex of the bulb and divides into three
branches which can be seen through its wall. The conductor lies close
to the edge of the cymbium throughout its course; it is only moderately
thickened basally and terminates in a rather long, nearly straight process
which is thin, dorsally black, ventrally colorless and gently spirally
twisted, the tip is very finely granulate, bluntly rounded with a point at
one side.

Female. Length, 2.1-2.5mm. Similar to the male in coloration, the
pattern on the abdomen in some specimens more distinct. The epigas-
tric plate orange, darker than rest of the venter, the median lobe of
epigynum broad, notched posteriorly and limited on each side by a
chitenized ridge which is continued laterally. The openings are beneath
the anterior edge of the ridges.

Holotype male, allotype female. California: San Francisco, sand
dunes, November 11, 1907; paratypes, 1 male, 1 female, same data.
California: Christine, May 30, 1986, 1 male; Fort Ross, May 28, 1936,
1 male, 2 females; Gualala, May 29, 1936, 1 male, 13 females.

Bishop and Ruderman—Four New Species of Dictyna.

EXPLANATION OF FIGURES.
PLATE I.

Fig. 1. Dictyna cornupeta n. sp. Right palpus, dorsal view.

Fig. 2. Dictyna cornupeta n. sp. Right palpus, ventral view.

Fig. 3. Dictyna tridentata n. sp. Right palpus, dorsal view.

Fig. 4. Dictyna tridentata n. sp. Right palpus, ventral view.
PLATE IT.

Fig. 5. Dictyna peragrata n. sp. Right palpus, dorsal view.

Fig. 6. Dictyna peragrata n. sp. Right palpus, ventral view.

Fig. 7. Dictyna peragrata n. sp. Epigynum, adult.

Fig. 8. Dictyna peragrata n. sp. Epigynum, immature.

Fig. 9. Dictyna francisca n. sp. Epigynum.

Fig. 10. Dictyna francisca n. sp. Right palpus, dorsal view.
Fig. 11. Dictyna francisca n. sp. Right palpus, ventral view.

Pate I

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Vol. 59, pp. 9-16 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

NEW SPECIES AND NEW GENERA OF AMERICAN
TINGIDAE (HEMIPTERA).

BY C. J. DRAKE AND E. J. HAMBLETON.

This paper is based upon lace bugs collected by E. J.
Hambleton and some miscellaneous specimens from Central
and South America. We are indebted to Mr. W. E. China
of the British Museum for comparing the new species of
Leptopharsa Stal (with transverse fasciae in costal areas)
with the type of L. constricta Champion from Guatemala.
Dr. R. I. Sailer has kindly loaned us the specimens of this
group in the U. S. National Museum. The disposition of
types is indicated beneath the descriptions of each new
species.

Zelotingis, n. gen.

Head very short, the frontal pair of spines short, the others absent;
bucculae short, broad, not meeting in front. Rostrum short, extending
a little beyond mesosternum; mesosternum longitudinally furrowed so as
to form rostral groove, without rostral laminae; metasternum slightly
convex, the laminae low, widely separated, cordate, present on sides and
behind. Eyes moderately large, transverse, excerted. Orifice distinct,
rimmed. Antennae long, longly pilose, slender; segment I moderately
long, stouter and more than twice as long as II; III longest, slenderest,
slightly tapering apically, truncate at apex; IV extremely long, slightly
thickened, about two-thirds the length of III. Antenniferous tubercles
represented by broad laminae.

Pronotum moderately convex, pitted, tricarinate, the hind triangular
process reticulate; hood moderately large, inflated, projecting over base
of head; paranota, carinae, hood and outer margins of elytra beset with
long fine hairs, the areolae large; carinae foliaceous, with large areolae,
the lateral pair slightly convex within; paranota large, strongly reflexed.
Elytra broad, much longer than abdomen, widely reticulate, divided
into the usual area, the discoidal area not reaching middle of elytra.

2—Proc. Bion, Soc. Wasx., Vo. 58, ooo O RN, )
“O" LIBRARY

MAR 23 1946
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10 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

Legs long, rather slender, beset with long hairs. Body beneath and
bucculae moderately hairy.

Generotype, Zelotingis aspidospermae (Drake and Hambleton)
( = Stenocysta aspidospermae).

This genus may be separated from Stenocysta Champion by the long
fourth antennal segment (attached at the centre of apex of third seg-
ment), large areolae, and much shorter discoidal area of elytra.

Zelotingis aspidospermae is represented in our collection by specimens
from Minas Gerais, Brasil (types) and Horqueta, Paraguay. It feeds on
Aspidosperma melanocalyx Muell. Arg.

Vatiga, n. gen.

Elongate, slender, subparallel. Head short, usually with three spines,
the front pair atrophied or wanting, sometimes with median wanting.
Antennae long, slender, the fourth segment generally as long or longer
than one and two conjoined, the first segment usually long. Bucculae
contiguous in front. Rostrum extending on mesosternum. Rostral
channel deeply, broadly constricted on mesosternum. Pronotum con-
vex, pitted, tricarinate; collar distinct; calli present; paranota narrow,
areolate, somewhat rectangular in outline; triangular process well
developed, areolate. Orifice distinct. Elytra elongate, divided into
usual areas, the discoidal area extending around middle of elytra. Hypo-
costal ridge present. Hood absent, sometimes the median carina slightly
elevated on collar.

Generotype, Vatiga vicosana, n. sp.

The name Vatiga is an anagram of Tigava. The general shape of the
insect and the deeply constricted rostral groove on the mesosternum
separate this genus from Tigava Stal or Leptopharsa Stal. Leptopharsa
longula Drake (1922), L. manihotae Drake (19384), L. illudens Drake
(1922), L. itlludens variantis Drake (1930), Tigava cassiae Drake and
Hambleton (1934), T. lonchocarpa Drake and Hambleton (1944) and
T. sesoris Drake and Hambleton (1942) are congeneric and belong to
the new genus Vatiga. These species are similar in form and have the
rostral channel deeply constricted.

Vatiga vicosana, n. sp.

Moderately large, elongate, brown, the carinae, paranota, costal area
and cephalic spines testaceous. Head short, smooth; median spine
porrect, moderately long; hind pair of spines long, slender, strongly
recurved forward, the anterior ends nearly touching or touching surface
of head. Antennae very long, indistinctly pilose; segment I rather long,
three times as long and considerably stouter than II, the latter short;
III very slender testaceous, straight, three times as long as IV; IV moder-
ately thickened, hairy, mostly brownish black. Antenniferous tubercles
broad. Rostrum yellowish brown, not quite reaching middle of meso-
sternum; rostral laminae testaceous, areolate, deeply constricted on
mesosternum. Bucculae broad, areolate, margined with testaceous,

Drake & Hambleton—New American Tingidae (Hemiptera). 11

Front margin of pronotum testaceous. Body beneath brown, smooth,
somewhat shiny.

Paranota moderately transversely convex, deeply pitted, tricarinate;
carinae foliaceous, uniseriate, the areolae small; lateral pair slightly
divaricating anteriorly, faintly convex within in front, median carina
raised on collar; collar distinct, uniseriate; calli deep, dark; paranota
testaceous, biseriate in front, narrower and uniseriate behind. Elytra
elongate, narrow, slightly constricted behind middle; costal area biseriate,
moderately wide, testaceous; discoidal area extending slightly beyond
middle, widest near middle, there five areolae deep; sutural areas com-
pletely overlapping in repose, the areolae becoming a little larger apically.

Length, 3.00 mm.; width, 1.10 mm.

Type (male), allotype (female) and 5 paratypes, Vicosa, Minas Gerais,
Brazil, April 29, 1934, E. J. Hambleton, in Drake Collection.

The lighter color, more foliaceous carinae and narrower paranota
separate this species from V. variana, n. sp.

Vatiga variana, n. sp.

Head black, short, the hind pair of spines very short, adpressed,
testaceous, the others wanting. Bucculae blackish, margined with
testaceous. Eyes transverse, black. Rostrum short, brownish, extend-
ing on mesosternum. Antennae long, indistinctly pilose; segment I
moderately long, black, nearly two and one-half times as long as II;
II very short, black, much slenderer; III long, dark fuscous, pale at apex,
three times as long as IV; IV hairy, black-fuscous. Body beneath blacks
rostral laminae testaceous, deeply constricted on mesosternum. Legs
slender, brownish testaceous, the tibiae testaceous, the tarsi dark.

-Pronotum moderately convex, tricarinate, strongly narrowed anteri-
orly; carinae distinct, mostly testaceous, dark on disc, low, indistinctly
areolate; lateral carinae slightly concave within anteriorly; collar distinct,
truncate in front, scarcely elevated at middle. Paranota narrow, nar-
rower than in other species of the genus, uniseriate opposite calli, biseriate
in front, the outer margins straight. Elytra moderately broad, with
discoidal area moderately broad, biseriate (on one side with two extra
areolae in widest part); subcostal area biseriate, narrow; discoidal area
reaching middle of elytra, five areolae deep in widest part; sutural area
becoming more widely areolate posteriorly.

Length, 3.85 mm.; width, 2.25 mm.

Type (female), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in Drake Collection.
Separated from its congenors by the narrower paranota, blackish color
and short hind pair of spines. It is most closely related to V. longula
(Drake) and separated from it by more lacy appearance, much shorter
first antennal segment, shorter hind pair of spines and dark color.

Leptopharsa rumiana, n. sp.

Small, slender, whitish testaceous, the head and pronotum black, a
transverse band in costal area near base of elytra, discoidal, sutural and

12 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

most of subcostal area fuscous to dark fuscous. Head short, often
covered with whitish exudations, with five moderately long spines, the
three anterior ones black (median longest), and the hind pair brownish.
Antennae moderately long, indistinctly pilose, testaceous, the basal two
and apical segments slightly darker, usually brown; segments I and II
short, moderately thickened, the former longer and slightly thicker;
segment III very slender, straight, about three times the length of IV,
the latter slightly enlarged. Rostrum brownish, almost extending to
end of sulcus; rostral laminae testaceous. Body beneath black; bucculae
margined with testaceous.

Pronotum moderately convex, coarsely deeply pitted, the paranota,
carinae, hood and most of triangular process testaceous; hood small,
inflated; paranota narrow, slightly reflexed, biseriate, the areolae small;
carinae foliaceous, uniseriate, the areolae small, the lateral pair dis-
tinetly constricted behind disc, the median with a small dark fuscous
spot on disc; triangular process areolate. Elytra rather narrow, widest
at transverse band, distinctly constricted behind middle; costal area
almost entirely biseriate, uniseriate apically; subcostal area narrower,
mostly biseriate; discoidal area short, not extending to middle of elytra,
with a slightly raised, dark fuscous spot at apex, widest beyond middle,
there three areolae deep. Legs very slender, whitish testaceous. Abdo-
men beneath black.

Length, 2.55 mm.; width, 1.00 mm.

Type (male), allotype (female) and 42 paratypes, taken on fiber plant,
Malvaviscus arboreus at San Andres, El Salvador, July 21-26, 1944,
E. J. Hambleton; 2 paratypes, Finca, Los Cerritos, Guatemala, July 6,
1944, E. J. Hambleton.

This species differs from L. constricta Champion in having a smaller,
less inflated hood, and the antennae is longer with fourth segment
yellowish or brownish instead of black. The elytra are also narrower
and less concave along costal margins. Type in Drake Collection.
Paratypes in U.S. National and British Museum.

Leptopharsa machalana, n. sp.

Small, moderately elongate, the costal area with a prominent, dark-
fuscous band near the base. Pronotum moderately convex, deeply
pitted, black, the triangular process, hood, carinae and paranota whitish
testaceous; hood small, moderately swollen; paranota biseriate, the
areolae small; carinae uniseriate, the areolae very small, the lateral
carinae constricted behind dise and slightly concave within on dise;
paranota, hood, apical portion of triangular process and carinae whitish
testaceous, the median with fuscous spot on disc. Antennae moderately
long, indistinctly pilose; segment I short, dark fuscous, slightly stouter
and longer than II, the latter testaceous; III testaceous, about three times
as long as IV; IV yellowish to pale brown, slightly enlarged, shortly
pilose.

Head black, with five moderately long spines, the hind pair brownish,

Drake & Hambleton—New American Tiugidae (Hemiptera). 13

the others dark, the median longest; eyes reddish brown to dark; elytra
very similar in color and markings to L. rumiana n. sp. Legs very
slender, whitish testaceous. Rostrum extending to base of mesosternum.
Body beneath black.

Length, 2.25 mm.; width, 0.85 mm.

Type (male), allotype (female) and 12 paratypes, Machala, Ecuador,
September 27, 1944, taken on a species of Desmodium by E. J. Hamble-
ton. Akin to L. rumiana n. sp. but smaller and with less inflated hood.
Type in Drake Collection.

Leptopharsa machalana vinnula, n. var.

Closely allied to L. machalana n. sp. from Ecuador in size, form and
color, but differs from it in having the first two antennal segments and
the apical half of fourth dark fuscous; the hood slightly more tectiform,
the nervures infuscate. Paranota narrowed anteriorly, the nervelets
bordering humeri infuscate. Sutural area with three large and two or
three smaller areolae before apex hyaline. Rostrum extending to meso-
metasternal suture. Legs very slender, testaceous. Antennae moder-
ately long, indistinctly pilose; segment I short, longer and stouter than
II, both dark fuscous; III, whitish testaceous, about three times as long
as IV, the latter moderately swollen, hairy, the distal half dark fuscous.
Other structures and color very similar to L. machalana.

Length, 2.20 mm.; width, 0.85 mm.

Type (male), allotype (female) and 32 paratypes, Fort Pierce, Florida,
October 7, 1942, W. Mathis; taken on Beggars lice and Caeser’s burr.
Type in U.S. National Museum.

Distinctly narrower and with the hood much less swollen than in
L. clitoriae (Heidemann) or L. constricta (Champion).

Since writing the above description, numerous specimens, taken on
Desmodium (Leguminosae), Puerto Barrios, Guat., May 8, 1945, are
almost indistinguishable from the Florida examples of vinnula, and indi-
cates that vinnula is not more than a variety of L. machalana. It seems
advisable to treat vinnula as a variety because of host plants, the wide
range or distribution and slight color differences of antennae. More
information is needed on the food habits of the constricta group of
Leptopharsa.

Leptopharsa siderea, n. sp. s

Very similar to L. vinnula n. sp. in size and general appearance, but
easily separated from it and other members of the group by the absence
of a transverse band in the costal area. Hood, paranota, carinae, apex
of hind pronotal process and costal areas of elytra whitish testaceous.
Pronotum moderately convex, black, finely pitted; carinae finely uniseri-
ate, the lateral carinae slightly constricted behind. Elytra moderately
constricted behind middle; costal area moderately wide, irregularly uni-
biseriate in front, biseriate in widest part; subcostal area triseriate, the
nervures brown to fuscous; discoidal area small, not reaching middle of

14 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

elytra, triseriate. The nervures also brown to fuscous and with centres ©
whitish; sutural area brown, with three large areolae near the apex clear,
the others brown. Antennae moderately long, indistinctly pilose, slen-
der; segments I and II brownish, short, the latter slenderer and nearly
one-half the length of the first; III very long, slender, testaceous, nearly
two and one-half times the length of IV, the latter slightly thickened,
the apical two-thirds dark brown or fuscous. Rostrum brownish, ex-
tending between intermediate coxae. Orifice with prominent, white,
projecting margin. Legs slender, testaceous, the tarsi dark.

Length, 2.22 mm.; width, 85 mm.

Type (female) and allotype (male), taken on undetermined legume,
Esquintla, Guat., June 27, 1945, E. J. Hambleton, in Drake Collection.
The whitish testaceous costal area without transverse bands separates
this species from C. constricta Champion and the new species described
above.

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Vol. 59, pp. 17-20 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS SIF OF Re
/

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGT LIBRARY
AR 23 1946

p RECEIVED |
Emy of sce

A SMALL HERPETOLOGICAL COLLECTION FROM
EASTERN PERU.

EMMETT REID DUNN, Haverford College.

Dr. Doris Cochran of the United States National Museum
recently sent me for identification a Caecilian and twelve
snakes from Peru. The material was sent in by Mr. J. G.
Sanders in 1944, and bears the data “Fundo Sinchono,
4600-5000 feet, Prov. Loretta, Peru.’”’ This cinchona plan-
tation is in the Province of Loreta, in the northeastern part
of Peru. The nearest town is Tinga Maria in Huanuco
Province over the Andean Divide, 72 Km. to the west.

Caecilia pachynema G@Qnther. No. 119008. A specimen 1030 mm.
long, with 146 primaries and no secondaries.

Tropidophis taczanowskyi (Steindachner). No. 119009. This seems
to be the first South American Tropidophis to reach this country, and
the seventh to be recorded. It is a female 268 mm. long, tail 33 mm.
Dorsals 23-21, keeled save for the lower four rows; ventrals 152; anal
single; caudals 27; upper labials 8, third and fourth in orbit on right
side, third in orbit on left; lower labials 10, two in contact. with geneials;
suture between internasals very indistinct; two cross rows of plates
between internasals and frontal, five in the anterior one (=two loreals
and three anterior prefrontals), two in the posterior (=posterior pre-
frontals); one preocular; three postoculars, the lower almost a subocular;
temporals 3-3; parietals entire; rich brown above, yellow below; black
markings on temporals and as vague dots on adjacent scales of rows 2-3,
5-7, and vertebrals and paravertebrals (=three vague rows of spots on
each side); large circular black blotches below, which may extend onto
first scale row; maxillary teeth 18, subequal.

The specimen is unique in having separate loreals (they are fused with
the anterior prefrontals in all other known Tropidophis). The count of
maxillary teeth (18) is distinctly higher than that of Antillean Tropido-
phis (12-15), but agrees with the number (19) given for the only other
South American specimen for which this count is recorded (type of
paucisquamis).

3—Proc. Brox. Soc. Wass., Vou. 59, 1946, (17)

18 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. —

Previous reports of Tropidophis from South America are as follows:
Ungalia taczanowskyi Steindachner 1879, Sitz. Ak. Wien 79, p. 522. Two
specimens from Tambillo, Peru. I cannot place the locality. A “tambo”
was a stopping place on the old Inca road system, and there were many of
them. Some of them persist, and some are on maps, some not. A
‘“‘tambillo”’ would be an insignificant “tambo”. There are at least eleven
in Peru. Boulenger (1893, Cat. Snakes British Mus. Nat. Hist., ed. 2,
vol. 1, p. 111) records a specimen from Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Ungalia paucisquamis Muller 1901 in Schenskel, Verh. Nat. Ges. Basel 13,
pl. 154. A specimen from ‘‘South America.”’ Amaral (1930, Mem.
Inst. Butantan 4, 1, pl. 5) records a specimen from Santo Armero (near
Serra de Paranapiacaba), Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Ungalia brasiliensis Anderson 1901, Bih. Svenska Vet. Ak. Handl. 27,
p. 4, pl. 1, fig. 1. A specimen from “Brazil.”

The scale counts indicate a division on the basis of ventrals and
caudals, but not on a basis of dorsals.

T. taczanowskyi.

Guayaquil ventr. 149 caud. 25 dors. 23 keeled
Tambillo 150 25 ys: Type

2 160 25 rts a Type
Loreta 152 ld 28 707

T. paucisquamis.
“*S. Amer.” 178 40 21 smooth
Type paucisquamis.
“Brazil 178 37 21 smooth
Type brasiliensis.

Sao Paulo 175 32 23 keeled

The closely allied and equally rare genus Ungaliophis (one specimen
from each of the countries Colombia, Panamd, Costa Rica; several from
Guatemala) seems to intervene between the rare Tropidophis of South
America and the common Tropidophis of the Greater Antilles. Whereas
in Tropidophis the loreal is fused (except in the present specimen) and the
prefrontals are much subdivided, in Ungaliophis the loreal is retained
(sometimes subdivided) and the prefrontals are fused into a single scale.

The single South American specimen of Ungaliophis was taken at
Andes, Antioquia, Colombia (a town on the east slope of the western
Andes at 1357 meters elevation). It had 19 smooth dorsals, 226 ventrals,
and 41 caudals. It served as the type of U. danieli Prado (1940, Mem.
Inst. Butantan 14, p. 35). .
Airactus sp. (ef. badius). No. 119011. A male with long loreal, long
upper second temporal, 7 upper labials, 17 dorsals, 2 postoculars, 4
sublabials in contact with geneials, 146 ventrals, and 32 caudals. The
markings consist of two-scale light bars separating four-scale darker
blotches, both of which fade gradually into the uniform drab of the sides
and belly.

The scalation is close to that of typical badius (type ventr. 154, caud.

Dunn—A Small Herpetological Collection from Eastern Peru. 19

36), whose markings, however, are of equal light and dark crossbands,
more prominent anteriorly. I rather suspect that this snake is what has
been called ‘‘badius’’ from Peru; a very similar if not identical form has
been called “‘badius’’ from the Oriente of Colombia.

Dipsas latifasciatus (Boulenger). No. 119013. A female with 182 ven-
trals, 90 caudals; nine upper labials, 4-6 entering eye; a small preocular
above loreal; two postoculars; temporals 2-3; 14 lower labials, two pairs
in contact, five in contact with the first of the two or three pairs of square
geneials.

Dipsas schunkii (Boulenger). No. 119014. A female with 189 ventrals;
93 caudals; eight upper labials, 4-5 entering eye; a small preocular above
loreal; a tiny preocular below loreal on left side; two postoculars; tempo-
rals 1-2; twelve lower labials, one pair in contact, five in contact with the
first of the three pairs of square geneials.

Xenodon rabdocephalus (Wied). No. 119012. A male with 144+1
ventrals, 45 caudals; 19-15 dorsals; 8 upper labials.

Oxyrhopus petola ssp. No. 119018. A male with 199 ventrals, 104 cau-
dals; 7 upper labials; 17-15 dorsals; 33 black body bars.

Clelia clelia ssp. No. 119015. A male with 209 ventrals, 91 caudals;
7 upper labials; 19-17 dorsals.

Chironius fuscus ssp. No. 119010. A female with 155+1 ventrals, 122
caudals; 10-10 dorsals; 9 upper labials; probably green in life.
Leptomicrurus narduccii (Jan.) No. 119019. A male with 271 ventrals,
19 caudals; temporals 1-1; 42 light spots on belly.

Micrurus langsdorffii (Wagler). No. 119016-17. The former, a male,
has 204 ventrals, 40 caudals; 49 black body bars. The latter, a female,
has 216 ventrals, 33 caudals; 61 black body bars. Neither have any
light spots on the head. Both belong to the “annellatus’’ type of colora-
tion, with the red rings turned black.

Bothrops oligolepis (Werner) =chloromelas Boulenger. No. 119020. A
small female, 460 mm. long, has 188 ventrals, 44 caudals; 7 upper labials,
the second in the pit; 23 dorsals. Four of the subcaudals are undivided.
Werner’s oligolepis from Bolivia has over ten years priority to Boulen-
ger’s chloromelas from Huancabamba near Oxypampa, Peru. This
report records this species for the third time.

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Vol. 59, pp. 21-28 March 11, 1946

PROCEEDINGS SUIFORNN
|

OF THE (c,P>
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON ‘!ERAR

NN

TAXONOMIC NOTES ON AMERICAN CHIGGERS
(LARVAE OF THE MITE FAMILY TROMBICU-
LIDAE), INCLUDING THE REDESCRIPTION
OF A GENUS AND THE DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO
NEW SPECIES,

H. E, EWING.

In addition to the redescription of the genus Huschién-
gastia Ewing and the description of a new species of T'rombi-
cula Berlese and Acomatacarus Ewing notes are here pre-
sented on generic and subgeneric characters and the relation-
ship of Acariscus flui (Van Thiel) and Acariscus hominis
(Ewing).

Generic and Subgeneric Characters in the Family Trombiculidae.

More recent work on the taxonomy of the trombiculid mites, particu-
larly the work done by means of the oil immersion lens and mounting
media with better refractive indices than those formerly used has brought
to light the fact that many of our generic and specific descriptions made
in former years are seriously inadequate and inaccurate. For this
reason the present writer is now reviewing the descriptions of all geno-
types and many others, noting specific characters, previously neglected,
overlooked or improperly described, and listing them for the evaluation of
their possible subgeneric or generic value. In giving the description of a
species or a genus, often it is of almost as much importance to state the
absence of a structure, as it is to describe it fully if present.

The Genus Euschongastia Ewing.

The genus Huschdngastia Ewing was established in 1938. The out-
standing character of this genus is the peculiar palpal claw. This struc-
ture in the type species is strongly bent inward toward the tip and has
several accessory prongs grouped together on the outer curve of the claw
near its apex. The single included species was described from eight
engorged specimens taken from a chipmunk, Eutamias sp. at Boise,

4—Proc. Biot. Soc. Wasx., Vou. 59, 1946. (21)

lEmy OF SC\

R23 4946

Crp RECEIVED

<X

22 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

Idaho and three partly engorged specimens taken from a “mouse” at
San Simeion, California. ‘

Recently several well mounted, undetermined specimens belonging to
this genus have come to hand. In studying them it was soon noticed
that my former diagnosis needs revision, hence there is here given a
formal description of the genus Huschdngastia.

1938. Euschéngastia Ewing, Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., vol. 28, p. 2938.

Chelicera stout; blade large, broad at base, sharp at apex, toothless or
with a minute dorsal tooth, and extending beyond apex of basal segment.
Galeal seta simple or branched. Palpus somewhat stout; palpal femur
angulate laterally and with posterior margin broadly and deeply incurved;
palpal claw with more than three prongs, the accessory prongs frequently
being paired. No tracheae or spiracles. Dorsal plate with a large,
crescentic ridge in front of each pseudostigma and a single median barbed
or branched seta on or near its anterior margin. Antero lateral setae of
dorsal plate large, barbed, similar to posterolateral setae; pseudostig-
matic organs strongly clavate or capitate. Eyes poorly developed or
absent. Abdomen without posterodorsal plates; dorsal setae numerous,
humerals not situated in row II, rows II and III each with ten or more
setae. Legs of median length; each coxa with a semi-plumose seta;
tarsi three-clawed, middle claw being more slender than other two.

Type species.—Euschnogastia americana Ewing 1938.

Included species.—Besides the type species this genus includes Huschdn-
gastia sciuricola (Ewing) (type host, red squirrel, Sciurus hudsonicus
richardsonii, type locality, Florence, Montana) and possibly Neoschén-
gastia blarinae (Ewing) (type host, short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevi-
cauda, type locality, Washington, D. C. Three partly engorged speci-
mens taken from a ‘‘mouse” at San Simeon, California and regarded as
being the same as Huschdngastia americana have been found to differ
slightly from the specimens taken on the type host at the type locality of
Euschongastia americana.

Acariscus flui (Van Thiel 1930) and Acariscus hominis (Ewing 1938).

A recent study of additional material of Acariscus hominis (Ewing
1933) sent in by Lt. Charles D. Michener, Sn. C., shows that this species
varies considerably in regard to the number and arrangement of the
dorsal setae behind row IV and in the development of the second pair of
eyes. In the type material of hominis the second eyes are very slightly
smaller than the first while in some of the specimens sent in by Lt.
Michener they are much smaller. The inner prong of the palpal claw
also shows considerable variation being somewhat smaller than in the
types.

Of particular interest among the material sent in by Lt. Michener are
four specimens taken on grass at Santa Rosa, Colon Province, Panama.
Except for an extra seta on one side in row III, the chaetotaxy of the
dorsum of abdomen of all four specimens is exactly the same being
2, 8, 8, 8, 6, 4, 2, not counting the posterior marginals. In these speci-
mens from grass the posterior eyes are much smaller than the anterior.

Ewing—Tazxonomic Notes on American Chiggers. 23

Possibly this material represents Acariscus flui (Van Thiel) but the an-
terior margin of the dorsal plate is incurved on each side of the middle as
in hominis instead of being outwardly rounded or convex as in A. flui.

There is a tendency for the dorsal plate to be more heavily sclerotized in
A. hominis specimens from the southeastern part of the United States.
In some specimens taken from a quail at Savannah, Georgia, this in-
creased sclerotization is so pronounced that an inverted crescentic or
angulate line is formed behind the median seta delimiting a distinctive
anterior area. Also this increased sclerotization in the specimens from
Savannah has resulted in forming an irregular yet more or less distinct
bar extending from one pseudostigma to the other.

The variations here noticed in Acariscus hominis indicate that there is
a rather closely related flui-hominis complex which may consist of two
closely related species, one of which has two varieties, or that the whole
- complex consists of three or possibly more varieties of the same species.

A NEW SPECIES OF TROMBICULA BERLESE.

The genus Trombicula Berlese (1905) is here considered in a restricted
sense to include only those species in which the palpal claw is trifurcate
and the abdominal setae usually over thirty.

Trombicula bakeri, new species.
(Fig. 1.)

Chelicera with large basal segment that is rounded laterally and ends
dorsally in a stout, hooklike process; piercing apparatus of chelicera a
curved blade with a single dorsal tooth and apparently no ventral tooth.
Palpus stout; palpal femur somewhat angulate laterally; first seta bi-
laterally plumose, curved, and extending forward almost to the end of
the palpal femur; second seta almost straight, with two lateral branches;
palpal claw strongly curved, trifurcate, larger accessory prong almost
straight, situated dorsally between the other two prongs and almost
reaching tip of main prong, smaller accessory prong also almost straight,
situated laterally next to larger prong. Galeal seta simple. Tracheae
and spiracles absent. Dorsal plate minutely granular, with anterior
margin about straight, the sides slightly diverging posteriorly, and
posterior margin evenly rounded; anterolateral seta with lateral branches,
when depressed backward reaching beyond base of posterolateral by
almost one-third its length; submedian seta similar to antero-lateral and
when depressed extending almost to posterior margin of dorsal plate,
posterolateral seta similar to anterolateral but somewhat longer; pseudo-
stigmata each situated in front of an oblique slit and on a level with
posterolateral setae; pseudostigmatic organ flagelliform, and slightly
longer than posterolateral seta, with only two or three short lateral
branches. Eyes very large, the anterior and posterior being fused;
ocular plate vestigial. Dorsal setae 2, 6, 6, 6, 4, 2, 2, 2 (counting latero-
marginals). Ventral setae 2, 2, 8 (or 9), 2,8, 2,2,2. All coxal setae bi-
laterally subplumose, there being one on each coxa. ‘Tarsal armature as

24 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

usual. | Length of dorsal plate 0.074 mm.; greatest width, 0.128 mm.
Length of unengorged larva, 0.315 mm.; width, 0.238 mm.

Type host.—Larva unattached.

Type locality Mount Popocatepetl (about 9,100 feet; west slope),
Mexico.

Type slide (holotype).—U. S. National Museum No. 1517.

PLATE III—Trombicula bakeri, new species; a, dorsal view of left
chelicera; b, dorsal view of right palpal claw; c, dorsal plate; d right
eyes. All greatly but not equally enlarged.

Description based on a single specimen taken along with other mites
in moss at type locality, December 29, 1942, by E. W. Baker, for whom
the species is named. T. bakeri is an unusual species in two respects, in
having the anterior and posterior eyes fused and in the arrangement of
both dorsal and ventral setae into so many transverse rows. This latter
condition is doubtless due to the migration of certain setae from the rows
to which they belong phylogenetically. This new species is not closely
related to any known species of T'rombicula.

A NEW SPECIES OF ACOMATACARUS EWING.

The genus Acomatacarus Ewing (1942) is a derivative of the old genus
Leeuwenhoekia Oudemans (1911). It is noted particularly for the pres-
ence of tracheae and a pair of spiracles which open laterally in front of
the first pair of coxae.

Ewing—Taxonomic Notes on American Chiggers. 25

Acomatacarus galli, new species.
(Fig. 2.)

Piercing apparatus of chelicera a broad sharply pointed blade with
a single ventral tooth and three minute, appressed dorsal teeth. Palpus
not swollen; femur broadly rounded along outer margin; first seta bi-
laterally semiplumose, curved, extending forward for about one-third its
length beyond distal margin of palpal femur; second seta similar to first,
situated near middle of patella and extending beyond distal margin of
same by about two-thirds its length; palpal claw bifurcate, outer acces-
sory prong conspicuous, curved, slender but falling far short of reaching
the tip of primary prong. Galeal seta simple. Tracheae and spiracles
| present, the latter each with a conspicuous atrium. Dorsal plate large,
sides slightly diverging posteriorly and posterior margin angulate;
anterior process oval in front, total length of process less than distance
from. anterolateral seta to submedian seta; anterolateral seta subplu-
mose, when depressed extending backward about to pseudostigma,
situated considerably nearer submedian seta than posterolateral seta;
submedian seta similar to anterolateral, when depressed extending to
pseudostigma; posterolateral seta similar to anterolateral but slightly
longer; pseudostigmata each cuplike and slightly in front of a level with
posterolateral setae; pseudostigmatic organ fine, threadlike, simple,
slightly longer than posterolateral seta: Eyes well developed, posterior
smaller than anterior and situated about its diameter from the latter;
ocular plate well developed. Dorsal setae very numerous, 80 to 90, few
being arranged in rows; no row II or III. All coxal setae semiplumose
there being two on coxa I, one on coxa II, and one on coxa III. Tarsal
claws as usual.

PLATE IV.—Acomatacarus galli, new species; a, dorsal oblique view of
blade of chelicera; b, dorsal view of left palpal claw; c, dorsal plate;
d, eyes; e, seta from posterior part of dorsum of abdomen. All greatly
but not equally enlarged.

26 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

Length of dorsal plate (from tip of anterior process to tip of posterior
angle), 0.076 mm.; greatest width of dorsal plate, 0.081 mm.; length of —
partly engorged individual, 0.87 mm.; width, 0.24 mm.

Type host.—‘*‘Chicken.”

Type locality.—Uvalde, Texas.

Type slide (cotypes).—U. S. National Museum No. 1516.

Described from four cotypes mounted on the same slide with two
specimens of Eutrombicula alfreddugést (OQudemans). They were taken
from type host at type locality by E. Lester, January 13, 1943.

Only two species of Acomatacarus are known from the New World.
They are separated by means of the following key:

Dorsal plate with posterior margin broadly rounded; a slightly
curved ridge in front of each pseudostigma; first and second palpal
SRE SIIMING 5555 icc hasan BCRSh ORR eee A. arizonensis Ewing 1942

Dorsal plate angulate posteriorly; no ridge in front of each pseudo-
stigma; first and second palpal setae unilaterally semiplumose... .

A. galli, new species

Vol. 59, pp. 29-30 . March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

THE NAME OF THE ROYAL PALM.
FRANCIS HARPER.

A Bartramian name, whose validity has hitherto curiously
escaped the notice of both Dr. Merrill (Bartonia 23, 1945)
and myself, is Palma elata. It occurs at three places in the
text of William Bartram’s Travels (1791: 90, 94, 141), in
each case without a validating description, and without a
reference to the description on pages 115-116, which reads:

‘The Palm trees here seem to be of a different species from the Cab-
bage tree; their strait trunks are sixty, eighty or ninety feet high, with a
beautiful taper of a bright ash colour, until within six or seven feet of the
top, where it is a fine green colour, crowned with an orb of rich green
plumed leaves: I have measured the stem of these plumes fifteen feet in
length, besides the plume, which is nearly of the same length.’ |

Since this description does not include any technical name, it did not
seem possible to connect it definitely with the Palma elata referred to
above. However, there is one other occurrence of the technical name
in an easily overlooked place—page iv of the Contents (part II, chapter
V): ‘description of the Palma Elate’! (misprint, corrected to ‘Palma
Elata’ in the London edition (1794: iv) and perhaps other editions).
This unmistakable reference to the description on pages 115-116 vali-
dates the name.

This belated resurrection of Bartram’s name apparently throws into
synonymy Oreodoxa regia H. B. K. (Nov. Gen. et Spec. Plantarum 1: 305,
(1815) 1816), later transferred to Roystonea as R. regia (H. B. K.) O.F.
Cook (Science 12 (300): 479, 1900). Subsequently the last-mentioned
author (Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28 (10): 554, 1901) distinguished the
Florida tree under the name of Roystonea floridana, leaving the name
regia for the Cuban tree; but this distinction has not been recognized by
such recent authorities as Small and Bailey.

The name of the royal palm now becomes Roystonea elata (Bartr.),

1The Linnaean genus Elate (1753), based upon an Indian palm, evidently requires no
consideration in the present connection.

5—Proc. Brot. Soc. Wasx., Vou ‘ Ss
fp pt “I dai?”
/ OC” LIBRARY

MAR 23 7946
oon)
eM RECEIVED Wy

(29)

30 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

comb. nov. The original reference is: Palma Elate (misprint for elata)
Bartram, Travels: iv, 115-116, 1791. The type locality is the St. John’s
River between Astor and Lake Dexter, Lake and Volusia Counties,
Florida. The species has long since disappeared from this part of
Florida.

Swarthmore, Pa.

Vol. 59, pp. 31-34 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

TWO NEW SPECIES OF THE MILLIPED GENERA
CHONAPHE AND ANIULUS.

BY RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN.

Of the two new species here described, Chonaphe michigana
is the second species of its genus to be described. The
generotype, C. armata, occurring in the Pacific Northwest,
was described by Harger in 1872 under the genus Polydesmus.
The new species of Aniulus belongs in a group of species
including the common A. venustus (Wood) and A. «mpressus
(Say). The specimens of C. michigana were included in a
small collection made by Mr. R. R. Dreisbach in Michigan,
and those of A. orthodox in one made in Illinois, Indiana,
and Tennessee by Mr. W. F. Rapp, Jr. The types are re-
tained by the author.

Chonaphe michigana, new species.

Dorsum black, with the carinae and a narrow band across the posterior
border of each tergite yellow. Legs yellow. Antennae light brown,
excepting last two articles which are darker, nearly black.

Legs long, without tarsal pads. A transverse series of four widely
separated setae across clypeus with an extra seta below and close to the
outermost one of these at each end of series. Also two long setae between
the antennae and two toward vertex.

Dorsum strongly arched, with the carinae at ihiddlle of sides; the
carinae of anterior segments nearly continuing the slant of the dorsum,
but posteriorly less depressed. The collum a little narrower than the
second tergite. Anal tergite with cauda narrow, distally blunt or
shallowly notched, curving moderately downward. Dorsum smooth.

Sides smooth except for the pleral keels found on first seven segments.

Characterized by details of the male gonopods, such as the straight
spine arising from the mesal corner of the laminate process at middle of
the large lobe arising from femur. Gonopodal cavity large, with gono-

6—Proc. Brou. Soc. WasH., Vou. 59, 1946. (31)
= aOR te =
Z-\\FOR
pi Ni

LIBRARY
MAR 23 19465

CH
PECEIVERD -<~,

32 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

pods widely separated at base. Details of gonopods as shown in figs. 1,
and 2. , K

Width: 5.5 mm.

Length: About 31 mm.

Locality: Michigan: Midland County, in Midland Cemetery.

One male, the holotype, taken May 7, 1948, and one male, not in full
color, taken in the county May 25, 1942, by R. R. Dreisbach.

This is a larger form than C. armata (Harger), the generotype, and is
readily distinguishable in the details of the male gonopods.

Aniulus orthodoxus, new species.

A species of medium size, color pattern typical. A median dorsal
black line distinct, a series of black spots with adjacent light maculae
along each side over the repugnatorial glands and a series of less dense
dark spots along lower part of each side. Dorsum between spots in some
much lighter than sides.

Last tergite with caudal angle acute, produced well beyond the anal]
valves, the produced portion straight, not at all decurved.

In the male the stipes of the mandible with distocaudal corner pro-
duced conspicuously as shown in the figure. The collum of the male is
elongate, the lower margin straight with above it a single deep sulcus.
(See further, fig. 3.)

In the male the sternal plate of the eighth segment is but slightly
bowed forward at middle, there touching but not overlapping the bases
of the posterior gonopods. The form of the divisions of the anterior
gonopods (coleopods) as shown in figure 4. Each posterior gonopod
above base bent abruptly mesad to meet its mate at the mesal line,
next curving caudad in contact with it and then outward and downward,
the blade relatively broad. See further, fig. 4.

Length: About 27 mm.

Width: 2.2 mm.

Locality: Tennessee: Reelfoot Lake. One male and three females
taken April 12, 1945, by J. and W. Rapp.

Distinct form A. venustus in the much broader blade of the posterior ©
gonopods and from A. impressus in the form of the coxal lamina of the
anterior gonopods as well as in the form and relations of the posterior
pair.

Proc. Biot. Soc. Wasx., Vou. 59 PuaTe V

New Millipeds of Genera Chonaphe and Aniulus.

[33]

4 “py
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Vol. 59, pp. 35-38 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW AMERICAN GENUS IN THE CHILOPOD
FAMILY HIMANTARIIDAE.

BY RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN.

The Himantariid genus here established embraces at
present three known species,—the generotype, Stenophilus
coloradanus, described below, S. californicus, (Chamberlin),
, originally described (1930) under the European genus
Meinertophilus, and S. audacior (Chamberlin), placed origi-
nally (1909) under Haplophilus. The type of the new
species is in the author’s collection.

|

STENOPHILUS, new genus.

A genus of Himantariidae. The labrum deeply incised, the incision
reaching nearly to the anterior edge. Mandible with teeth up to ten in
number and with about six pectinate lamellae. Second maxillae with
coxae completely fused, typically with an anterior median notch; claw
of palpi straight or nearly so, smooth. Prehensors lacking chitinous
lines. Tergites only cbscurely bisulcate. No suprascutella or para-
tergites. No ventral pores present. Coxal pores numerous and uni-
formly distributed.

GENEROTYPE—STENOPHILUS COLORADANUS, new species.

Differing from the European Meinertophilus in lacking ventral pores
on the sternites and in lacking chitinous lines on the prosternum of the
prehensors.

Stenophilus coloradanus, new species.

Body gradually attenuated forward, more abruptly toward posterior
end. Pale yellow in color, the head and antennae not darker. Pre-
hensors also pale excepting the claws, which are light chestnut.

Head of form shown in fig. 1, the frontal plate not discrete. Antennae
cylindrical, the articles mostly obviously ‘shorter than in S. californicus,
with the last article a little surpassing the three preceding taken together.
(Fig. 2.)

7—P B Soc. Wasza., Vo ee ig
Roc. IOL. SO A iL. SUIFORN S
“gq
foP LIBRARY

)

MAR 23 1946 |
oe RECEIVED | of

36 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

Labrum with middle embayment large, armed in type with 18 close-set,
large teeth as shown in fig. 3.

The second maxillae with coxae completely fused at middle line, with-
out trace of suture; anterior margin of coxosternum notched as shown
in the figure; palpi relatively stout, with claw smooth. (See fig. 4.)

Mandibles with six pectinate lamellae; dentate lamella with six teeth
(fig. 5).

Basal plate very short, as wide as the head; overlapped by cephalic
plate at middle, anterior border concavely excavated on each side as
shown in the figure. (Fig. 1.) Prehensors nearly covered from above;
claws smooth, when closed not attaining anterior margin of head; pros-
sternum relatively broad, without chitinous lines, the anterior margin
smooth. (See fig. 6.)

Second dorsal plate wide anteriorly and narrowed caudad, the succeed-
ing plates of usual form.

Tergites bisuleate in middle region but absent or obscure in i
and posterior regions.

Ventral plates smooth, without depressions, no pores detected.

Last ventral plate trapeziform, narrowed caudad. Coxal pores small
and very small, numerous but not crowded, present over entire surface.

No suprascutella or paratergites. All spiracles circular. Spiraculi-
ferous plates all free from tergites.

Pairs of legs in female holotype, 77.

Length, about 38 mm.

Locality:—Colorado: Mesa Verde. One female taken June 29, 1944
by Professor V. E. Shelford.

A smaller form than S. californicus (Chamberlin), with 77 pairs of legs
as against 97, and conspicuously different in the form of the labrum and
in its larger and more numerous teeth.

Proc. Brov. Soc. Wasu., Vou. 59 — Puate VI

Stenophilus coloradanus, new species.

Fig. 1. Anterior end, dorsal view. Fig. 2. Distal end.
Fig. 3. Labrum. Fig. 4. Second maxillae.
Fig. 5. Dentate plate of mandible. Fig. 6. Prehensors.

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Vol. 59, pp. 39-46 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHING

NEW SPECIES OF MOSQUITOES FROM
MARIANAS AND OKINAWA (DIPTERA,
CULICIDAE).!

BY RICHARD M. BOHART, LT., H(S), USNR.?

Four new species are described in this paper so that they
can be included in a forthcoming general treatise on mos-
quitoes of the Marianas Islands and Okinawa.

Aedes (Finlaya) okinawanus, n. sp.

Male.—-Length of body 4.0 mm., wing 3.0 mm. Median area of vertex
with pale lemon yellow, narrow curved and upright forked scales, flanked
by a large spot of black broad appressed scales and a lateral spot of
broad appressed creamy ones; eyes bordered with yellow narrow curved
scales along inner half; palpus and proboscis black, palpus about two-
thirds as long as proboscis, last segment about as long as its apical
bristles. Scutum with distinct lines of pale lemon yellow consisting of a
median line forking posteriorly, a submedian line on anterior half of
scutum, a line around anterior margin of scutum which bows inward
along fossal area and continues to posterior margin as a sublateral line,
a few pale scales over wing base; scutellum with black broad appressed
scales on mid lobe and with black and yellow narrow curved scales on all
lobes; anterior pronotal lobe with whitish broad appressed scales;
proepimeron with whitish broadly crescent-shaped scales; pleuron dark
brown with several large patches of whitish broad appressed scales.
Fore and mid femora with a broad pale line on hind surface, hind femur
dark along whole length dorsally but with basal two-thirds pale in front
and basal one-half pale on hind surface, a restricted knee spot present on
hind femur, very indistinct on other femora; tibiae dark except for a few
scales at base beneath and scattered along hind surface; fore tarsus dark,
mid and hind tarsi with pale mark at base of first segment, hind tarsus
-also with pale joint marks over first 3 joints. Wing scales dark, halter

1I wish to thank Dr. Alan Stone, Division of Insect Identification, U. §. Department of
Agriculture for his suggestions and assistance.
? Research Division, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department.

8—Proc. Brox. Soc. WasH., Vou. 59, 1945 (39)

40 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

knob with dark and dull pale scales. Abdominal tergites I-VII with
lateral basal silvery spots, sternites with broad pale basal bands. Geni-
talia as in figures 1-3; basal lobe attached to claspette and with about
7 leaf-like blades, more basally with setiform bristles which extend up
harpaginal fold, gradually becoming thicker and flatter; inner margin of
basistyle with a group of twisted bristles toward base; basistyle ventrally
with a tight clump of about 13 long and rather pale bristles near apex.

Female.—About as in male except for hind tarsi. Palpus all dark
and about one-fifth as long as proboscis. Lateral pale spot on vertex
enclosing a small dark spot. Scutal lines slightly deeper in color than in
male, approaching pale golden. Five-fifths of hind femur pale on pos-
terior surface; tarsal marks more distinct than in male, first fore tarsal
sometimes with a few basal pale scales; last hind tarsal with dull white
sealing above.

Larva.—About 7mm. long. Antenna (fig. 5) very slender, about one-
half as long as head, a single hair inserted before middle and reaching to
apex of shaft, shaft sparsely spiculate; clypeal spines very slender, brown;
median hairs of mouth brush with small teeth; head hair A with 8 to 10
plumose branches; B single and very long, one and one-half times as long
as head; C slightly posterior and close to B, with 4 or 5 plumose branches
which are about half as long as B; d on a line with B, small and with 5 to 7
branches; mentum (fig. 4) subtriangular with about 19 sharp teeth.
Shoulder hairs well developed; hair 0 short and bushy, about 25-branched ;
hairs 1 to 8 moderate in length, hair 1 with 2 or 3 branches, 2 single, 3
with 4 or 5 branches; hair 4 with 3 or 4 moderately long branches; hairs
5 and 7 very long, plumose and triple; hair 6 long and single. Lateral
abdominal bristles double on I and II, single and long on III to VII.
Comb of about 60 apically fringed teeth in a patch; lateral hair of segment
VIII with 3 to 5 plumose branches. Siphon (fig. 6) about 3.5 times its
basal diameter, gradually tapering toward apex, acus_small, pecten of
22 to 26 teeth of which last 10 are about equal in size, pecten occupying
basal half of tube; tuft at apical two-fifths, with 5 to 7 plumose branches,
about as long as basal diameter of tube. Anal segment (fig. 6) with a
two-thirds complete sclerotized ring which is spiculate along posterior
margin, lateral single hair shorter than ring and divided into 3 or more
branches at about middle; gills unequal and pointed, longer pair about
as long as ring, shorter pair half as long; fan of 10 hair brushes, all in
barred area; outer apical bristle (osc) single, inner apical bristle (ise)
triple.

Type.—Male (U. S. National Museum No. 57758), Okuma, Okinawa,
September, 1945, reared from a treehole (C. L. Harnage).

Paratypes.—Four males and 3 females, same data as type; 1 male and
382 females, Chizuka,? Okinawa, August to September. 1945, taken

3 Also known as Chijuka and Kizyoka.
biting, resting on vegetation, and reared from treeholes; 1 male, Nago,
Okinawa, May 14, 1945, reared from an earthenware jug; 8 larval para-
types on slides, Okuma, Okinawa, from treehole (C. L. Harnage). Other

Bohart—Mosquitoes from the Marianas and Okinawa. 41

specimens were collected at Kochiya, Shana Wan, Hentona and Euka.
The females bite readily in deep shade during the day.

This species is closely related to aureostriatus (Doleschall) of which I
have examined New Guinea specimens in the U. S. National Museum.
Points of difference are the presence in okinawanus of all yellow upright
vertex scales and the dark last hind tarsal in the male. The male geni-
talia have a row of setae on the harpaginal fold which are stouter than in
aureostriatus, there is a group of twisted bristles at the base of the inner
basistyle margin and there is a tight clump of about 13 long bristles
near the apex of the basistyle ventrally. The larvae have a somewhat
shorter siphon than those of aureostriatus but otherwise appear identical.

Culex (Culiciomyia) ryukyensis, n. sp.

Male.—Length of body 3.0 mm., wing 2.5 mm. Vertex with broad
median area covered with yellowish white narrow curved scales and brown
upright forked ones, vertex laterally with a spot of dull whitish, broad
appressed scales continued inward along eye margin; mouthparts dark-
scaled, palpus longer than proboscis by one-fourth to one-third of last
segment, last two segments sparsely haired (as compared with pallido-
thorax Theobald), first long segment with 3 or 4 short translucent scales
projecting downwards. Scutum brown-scaled; pleuron without scales,
pale green or pale brown, with a faint dark stripe from anterior pronotal
lobe to upper part of mesepimeron, a small dark spot at anterior corner
of sternopleuron; 1 lower mesepimeral bristle; legs dark-scaled except for
undersurfaces of femora; plume scales of veins 2.1 and 2.2 about 6 times
their greatest width. Abdomen with dull pale straight-margined basal
bands on tergites II to VII; venter mainly pale-scaled. Genitalia
(figs. 7-9) with the 2 black rods of subapical lobe plainly visible in dried
specimen (also in all paratypes); lateral arm of paraproct elongate but
not enlarged.

Female.—About as in male. Palpus about 3 times as long as clypeus
and one-fifth proboscis length. Plume scales of veins 2.1 and 2.2 from
6 to 10 times as long as broad; fork cells one and one-half to twice as long
as their stems.

Larva.—About 8.0 mm. long. Antenna (fig. 10) about five-sixths as
long as head, tufted at middle, tuft not quite reaching to apex, shaft
sparsely spiculate, not much darkened apically, insertions of apical and
subapical bristles well separated; clypeal spines very slender and curved;
head hair A about 7-branched, B and C with 3 branches reaching a short
distance beyond clypeus, d simple; mentum (fig. 11) subpyramidal with
about 20 small teeth and 7 larger ones. Shoulder hairs moderate reach-
ing about to middle of head; hairs 1 to 3 on a sclerotized plate, 1 double,
2 single, 3 single or double, 4, 7 and 8 double,5 and 6 single. Lateral
abdominal bristles double on I and II, single or rarely double on III to
VI. Comb of about 55 slender and apically fringed teeth without
a distinct apical spine, lateral hair of segment VIII with about 7 plumose
branches. Siphon (fig. 12) about 6 times its basal diameter, tapering

42 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

gradually to a narrow and somewhat upturned apex, with 8 pairs of small
sublateral double hairs along apical two-fifths, pecten of 14 to 20 teeth
along basal one-fourth of tube. Anal segment (fig. 12) with a complete
sclerotized ring which is strongly spiculate along its posterior edge,
lateral single hair about as long as ring; gills unequal, shorter pair twice
as long as anal ring, fan of 8-hair brushes, all in barred area; outer and
inner apical bristles (ose and isc) single.

Type.—Male (U. 8. National Museum No. 57759), Chizuka, Okinawa,
September, 1945, collected resting on a damp rock (R. Bohart and R.
Ingram).

Paratypes.—80 males and 15 females, Chizuka; Okinawa, August and
September 1945, collected from damp rocks and reared from rock holes;
9 males, 6 females and 4 larvae (on slides), Kochiya, Okinawa, June 15,
1945, from an earthenware crock in the woods; 1 male, Hedo, Okinawa,
September 28, 1945; 6 larvae (on slides), Yaba, Motabu Peninsula, Oki-
nawa, May 1945, from an earthenware crock by the roadside. All para-
types collected by R. Bohart and R. Ingram. Females of ryukyensis
were not observed to bite.

This species appears to be most closely related to the Indian bailyi
Barraud which also has an uncrested male basistyle, and reduced pleural
markings. It differs from bailyi, however, in having the male palpi,
extending beyond the proboscis by less than half of the length of the last
segment (the whole last segment in bailyi), in the darkened anterior
corner of the sternopleuron, and in details of the male genitalia (figs. 7-9).
The larva (figs. 10-12) checks closely with the description of viridiventer
Giles given by Barraud (Barraud, P. J., 1934, Fauna, British India,
Diptera, vol. 5, Culicidae, p. 379) but differs in having the siphon tufts
almost invariably double, in having only 3 or 4 denticles on the pecten
teeth instead of 5 to 7, and in the pointed anal gills.

Culex (Lophoceraomyia) tuberis, n. sp.

Male.—Length of body 3 mm., wing 2.5 mm. Vertex covered with
pale narrow curved and dark upright forked scales in broad median area,
laterally with a large spot of pale broad appressed scales continued inward
along eye margin; torus with a pronounced knob at upper inner angle;
flagellum with specialized setae on segments VI to X (torus considered
as first segment); VI with 7 or 8 yellowish setae of varying lengths, the ~
longest about like those on X; VII to IX with matted and twisted tufts,
shortest on VIII; X with 6 slender setae; mouthparts dark, palpus longer
than proboscis by about length of last segment, last 2 segments not very
hairy, no row of stiff hairs at base of palpus. Scutal integument pale
brown with indistinct submedian dark lines and with hair-like brown
scales; pleuron almost uniformly pale brown with a few scattered scales,
most evident along lower hind margin of sternopleuron, no lower mesepi-
meral bristle; femora with a line of pale scales beneath, tibiae and tarsi
dark. Abdominal tergites dark-scaled, venter with some paler scales.
Genitalia (figs. 18-16) with distal division of subapical lobe of basistyle

Bohart—M oSquitoes from the Marianas and Okinawa. 48

greatly elongated and hairy, bearing at its base a long blade and at its
apex 2 short curved setae and a short blade of distinctive shape; inner
margin of basistyle with a row of 6 (7 in one paratype) long curved
bristles.

Larva.—A single specimen which is probably this species was found in a
seepage pool at Ginka, Okinawa (R. Ingram) in company with C. (Neocu-
lex) hayashiti Yamada. It appears to be very similar to that of mammili-
fer Leicester according to the characters given by P. J. Barraud (1934,
Fauna British India, Diptera vol. V, Culicidae). It has the following
salient characters: Antenna tufted at apical two-thirds, only slightly
darkened at base and beyond tuft; head hairs B and C fairly long and
double; comb about 50 scales in a patch; siphon distinctly but gently
curved upwards, about 10 times its basal diameter, with 4 pairs of double
hairs which are about as long as diameter of tube subapically, 17 pecten
teeth, each with about 7 denticles; anal gills pointed and subequal, longer
pair a little longer than anal ring.

Type.—Male (U.S. National Museum No. 57760), Chizuka, Okinawa,
September, 1945, reared from larvae collected in a rockhole along a stream
(R. Bohart and R. Ingram).

Paratypes.—Two males, same data as holotype.

This species is related to minor Leicester, mammilifer Leicester,
uniformis Theobald, plantaginis Barraud, mindinaoensis Baisas and
nolledoi Baisas, all of which in the male have a knob on the torus, special-
ized setae on antennal segments VI to IX or X and an unbanded abdomen.
It differs from all of these by the elongate hairy distal division of the
subapical lobe of the basistyle. In addition to the length of the distal
division, the terminal processes are distinctive (fig. 13). Except in this
last character it closely resembles nolledoi, of which I have seen paratypes.
The scutal integument of tuberis is pale brown instead of dark brown as in
nolledoi, however.

Culex (Culex) litoralis, n. sp.

Male.—Length of body 3.5 mm., wing 2.9mm. Vertex with nedian
area covered with pale yellowish narrow curved and upright forked
scales, a few submedian dark upright scales, vertex laterally with a large
spot of dull white, broad appressed scales. Palpus longer than proboscis
by the last segment; first long segment (actual II and III) as seen laterally
with five bands of about equal length, those of base, middle and apex
black, the other two pale yellow; subterminal segment with a narrow
basal pale band; terminal segment with narrow basal and apical pale
bands; first long segment with a row of short ventral hairs on apical
one-half and a lateral row of long hairs on apical one-fourth. Proboscis
with a pale ring just beyond middle, taking up one-fifth of proboscis.
Scales of anterior pronotal lobe, proepimeron, scutum and scutellum nar-
row curved and pale yellowish; scutum also with dark curved scales
forming a spot in fossal area and a fringe around antescutellar area;
_ seutal scales mostly scimitar-like and imparting a shaggy appearance;
pleuron with 3 small spots of pale broad appressed scales, integument

44 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

mottled, darkest in postspiracular area and on sternopleuron except
in scaled portions. Wing dark-scaled; halter knob entirely pale. Pos-
terior surface of femora mostly pale, anterior surface of fore and mid
femora dark and unspeckled, that of hind femur pale on most of basal
two-thirds; tibiae dark-scaled; tarsi with narrow pale joint bands.
Dorsum of abdomen with broad whitish yellow basal bands on IIJ-VII,
the bands occupying one-half or more of each segment, all more or less
produced backwards at mid line of body, segment VIII with a lateral
Spot; venter of abdomen mostly pale-scaled. Genitalia (figs. 17-19)
with basal arm of paraproct very small.

Female.—About asin male. Palpus about one-fourth proboscis length,
pale at tip; pale ring of proboscis one-fourth to nearly one-third proboscis
length; dark scutal areas more distinct than in male. Costa with a line
of basal pale scales on its posterior margin above. Pale tergal bands
most often produced on II to V, rarely occupying less than half of
segment.

Larva.—Head broad; antenna (fig. 20) relatively short and slightly
bowed, constricted and tufted at apical third, tuft surpassing antennal
apex, basal two-thirds of shaft spiculate; apical third smooth but
darkened, apical and subapical bristles arising close together and about
equal in length; clypeal spines (fig. 22) very stout and spatulate, light
brown in color; head hair A 6-branched, B double, C triple, d simple, e
triple, hairs B and C hardly reaching past middle of antenna; mentum
(fig. 21) subtriangular with about 15 teeth. Pronotal hairs fine and
moderate in length, shoulder hairs (from left to right): 8 small and single,
7 double, 6 to 4 single, 3 to 1 single on a sclerotized plate. Lateral
abdominal bristles triple on I and II, double on III to VI. Comb of
about 80 apically fringed teeth without a distinct apical spine, lateral
hair of segment VIII of about 10 plumose branches, siphon (fig. 23) tapering
gradually toward apex, about 3.5 times as long as broad at base, with 8
to 11 long multiple hair tufts arranged in an irregular ventral row along
apical three-fourths of tube, 2 pairs of short sublateral posterior tufts, acus
well developed, pecten of 12-16 often irregularly placed stout teeth with
2 or 8 large denticles along anterior edge, pecten extending along entire
basal third of tube. Anal segment (fig. 23) with a partial sclerotized
ring which is apically spiculate, lateral single hair inserted just outside
sclerotized area; gills short, rounded bud-like, slightly unequal; fan of
12 hair brushes, all in barred area; outer apical bristle (osc) single, inner
apical bristle (isc) double or triple.

Type.—Male, Rota Island (north shore), Marianas Islands, October
26, 1945, reared from brackish coral rockhole (R. Bohart and R. Ingram).

Paratypes.—21 males, 25 females, 10 larvae and 1 pupa (larvae and
pupa on slides), same data as type. I have also studied specimens from
the islands of Tinian and Guam.

This species was first collected by Dr. S. F. Bailey in the fall of 1945
during the invasion of the island of Tinian. It has since been found on
Guam and Rota. It is abundant during rainy spells following periods -
of unusually high tides, the larvae breeding in brackish water of coral

Bohart—M osquitoes from the Marianas and Okinawas. 45

rockholes and artificial containers along the shore. The species is related
to jepsoni Theobald and annulirostris Skuse. From the former it differs
by its much paler vertex and scutum, its unspeckled mid femora, and the
broader and often produced abdominal bands. From annulirostris it
differs particularly by the much broader abdominal bands. ‘The larva
(figs. 20-23) has bud-like gills as in jepsoni, but the pecten teeth are much
stouter and with fewer denticles, and the anal ring is incomplete.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VII.

Figures 1-6, Aedes okinawanus: 1, basistyle and dististyle (ventral);
2, claspette and basal lobe (lateral); 3, lobes of ninth male tergite; 4,
jarval mentum; 5, larval antenna; 6, caudal segments of larva. Figs.
7-12, Culex ryukyensis: 7, mesosome lobe and paraproct (left, ventral); 8,
mesosome lobe (left, inner, lateral); 9, subapical lobe of basistyle and
dististyle (inner, lateral); 10, larval antenna; 11, larval mentum; 12,
caudal segments of larva. Figs. 13-16, Culex tuberis: 18, subapical lobe
of basistyle; 14, basistyle and dististyle, showing subapical lobe in
slightly different view (inner lateral); 15, paraproct (left, ventral); 16,
mesosome (dorsal), Figs. 17-23, Culex litoralis: 17, subapical lobe of
basistyle; 18, mesosome lobe and part of paraproct (left, ventral); 19,
mesosome lobe (left, inner, lateral); 20, larval antenna; 21, larval men-
tum; 22, larval clypeus; 28, caudal segments of larva.

Proc Biou. Soc., Wasu., Vou. 59

PuatTe VII

AEDES OKINAWANUS

CULEX RYUKYENSIS

CULEX TUBERIS

CULEX LITORALIS

[46]

Vol. 59, pp. 47-48 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE ee
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASH

A NEW CHAETOPAPPA FROM THE G
MOUNTAINS OF NEW MEXICO AND TEXAS.

-

BY S. F. BLAKE.

The following new species of Chaetopappa '(Asteraceae,
tribe Asteroideae) is published here in order that the name
may be available for use in a revision of this genus in prepara-
tion by Dr. L. H. Shinners.

Chaetopappa hersheyi Blake, sp. nov.

Perennis caespitosa uncialis; caules paucifoliati monocephali simplices
hirsutuli pilis erectis vel erectiusculis; folia inferiora anguste spathulata
obtusa setoso-apiculata in basem petioliformem angustata integra sub-
coriacea laete viridia 1-nervia sparse hispidula vel glabra 3.5-6 mm.
longa, 0.7-1 mm. lata, caulina linearia vel inferiora lineari-spathulata
- acuta setoso-apiculata sessilia 1-nervia sparse hispidula 5-8 mm. longa
0.3-0.5 mm. lata, supremis paullum reductis; pedunculus 1-5 mm.
longus; capitulum ca. 12 mm. latum; discus (madefactus) 6 mm. altus
2.5 mm. diam.; flores fem. 10, hermaph. 6; involucri oblongo-cylindrici
4-4.5 mm. alti ca. 4-seriati non conspicue gradati phyllaria ca. 12 lineari-
lanceolata acuminata laxe setoso-apiculata subsicca purpurascentia
linea centrali viridescenti margine angusto albo scarioso supra plusmi-
nusve lacerato-ciliato 1l-nervia glabra v. dorso sparsissime hispidula;
receptaculum nudum planiusculum; corollae flor. fem. ‘‘bluish, fading to
white with age,’’ sicco pulchre purpurascentes, tubo glabro ca. 2.5 mm.
longo, lamina elliptica 3-dentata 4-nervia 5 mm. longa 2 mm. lata;
eorollae disci flavidae glabrae 4-4.38 mm. longae (tubo 0.5-0.7 mm., fauce
anguste obconica 2.8-3 mm., dentibus 5 oblongo-ovatis apice papillosis
0.7 mm. longis); achenia radii submatura lineari-oblonga 3-nervia
erecto-hirsuta pilis 1-locularibus 1.8 mm. longa, ea disci cylindrico-
oblonga 0.8-1 mm. longa 5-nervia erecto-hirsuta; pappus e setis 4-5 (6)
hispidulis persistentibus 3.8-4.2 mm. longis et squamellis totidem minutis
truncatis denticulatis ca. 0.1 mm. longis compositus; flores disci verosim.
infertiles, ramis styli 0.8 mm. longis, lineis stigmaticis non valde distinctis
0.3 mm. longis appendicibus triangularibus acuminatis hispidulis 0.5 mm.
longis.

9—Proc. Brox. Soc. WasH., Vou. 59, 1946. (47)

48 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

NEw Mexico: Local on barren rocky ledges in canyons, Guadalupe
Mts., Eddy Co., altitude about 1525 m., 28 May 1944, A. L. Hershey
3532 (type no. 166267, Herb. Nat. Arb.). TExas: Shaded bank, McKit-
trick Canyon, Guadalupe Mts., Culberson Co, 15-17 Aug. 1924, P. C.
Standley 40551 (U. S. Nat. Herb.).

This species of the Guadalupe Mountains in Texas and New Mexico is
well distinguished by habit and pappus. Standley’s late-season specimen
from Texas bears only a few empty heads with most of the involucres
fallen.

One of the rays in the head dissected was bilabiate, and was in fact
intermediate between the normal rays and the hermaphrodite flowers.
The upper part of the tube was somewhat enlarged. The outer lip was
3-toothed and 4-nerved, essentially as in the normal ray. The inner lip
consisted of 2 teeth about 0.5 mm. long, papillose on margin above in
the manner of the teeth of the normal disk corolla. The style branches
were decidedly unequal, the shorter one essentially glabrous, the larger
one hispidulous above somewhat as in the hermaphrodite flowers. There
were 3 imperfect stamens, one with free filament, the two others with
filaments adnate to the style.

Vol. 59, pp. 49-54 March 11, 1946

PROCEEDINGS
IOLOGICAL SOCIETY WASHI a
BIOLOGIC OC OF SH NG) IFORA,
LIBRARY

MAR 23 1946
I, —-)
Cy RECEIVED Rey
MY oF svt

NEW FORMS OF BIRDS FROM PANA
COLOMBIA.

BY ALEXANDER WETMORE.

The following races have been distinguished during study
of collections made during two recent field trips, the first in
Colombia in company with M. A. Carriker, Jr., and the -
second in the Pearl Islands of Panama where J. P. E. Morri-
son of the U.S. National Museum was my companion.

Family ARDEIDAE.
Nyctanassa violacea caliginis subsp. nov.

Characters.—Similar to Nyctanassa violacea violacea ! but with thicker,
heavier bill; adult decidedly darker gray. Similar to Nyctanassa violacea
bancrofti 2 in size of bill but decidedly darker in color.

Description.—Type, U. S. National Museum No. 376,007, & adult,
from Isla San José, Archipiélago de las Perlas, Panama, February 20,
1944, collected by A. Wetmore and J. P. E. Morrison, original No. 11,998.
Throat, head, except as noted beyond, and upper hindneck black; a
broad streak from beneath eye back across auricular region pure white;
central part of crown broadly white, the tips of the feathers washed with
pinkish buff; long nuchal plumes white, edged with black at base; under-
parts neutral gray, a little paler on under tail-coverts; under wing-coverts
deep neutral gray; hindneck and sides of neck deep neutral gray; feathers
of back, and scapulars dusky neutral gray centrally, margined broadly
with neutral gray; wing-coverts dusky neutral gray, margined widely
with light neutral gray; longer inner greater coverts and inner secondaries
with an indistinct wash of dark ivy green on the outer webs towards the
tips; primaries slate color; edge of wing pinkish buff along alula and dis-
tally, and broadly white between these points; rump deep neutral gray;
rectrices dark neutral gray, the central pair with a faint wash of olivaceous
black. Bill dull black, horn color at tip and on base of mandibular rami;

1 Ardea violacea Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, vol. 1, 1758, p. 143 (South Carolina).
2 Nyctanassa violacea bancrofti Huey, Condor, vol. 29, May 15, 1927, p. 167 (Scammon
Lagoon, Baja California).

10—Proc. Bion. Soc, WasH., Vou. 5, 1946. (49)

\

50 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

front of tarsus and top of toes and nails blackish, the feet elsewhere dull
buffy brown (from dried skin).

Measurements.—Males (12 specimens), wing 282-299 (290.1), tail
101.7-116.9 (108.7), culmen from base 67.6—81.3 (73.8), tarsus 87.7-101.3
(92.1), depth of bill at nostril 22.2-25.1 (23.4) mm.

Females (2 specimens), wing 288-291 (289.5), tail 101.1-109.0 (105.0),
culmen from base 73.7-74.7 (74.2), tarsus 96.5-97.4 (97.0), depth of bill
at nostril 22.2-23.5 (22.9) mm.

Type, male, wing 284, tail 109.4, culmen from base 73.38, tarsus 94.7,
depth of bill at nostril 23.4 mm.

Range.—Panama (Balboa, Taboga Island, Obaldia) including the
Pearl Islands (San José, El Rey, Saboga) to the Pacific coast of Colombia
(Bahia de Cuevita) and Ecuador (Isla de Jambelf and Vaquerfa).

Remarks.—Preliminary comparisons of our specimens taken on San
José indicated that they were darker in color, but I was uncertain as to
the stability of this character until I had examined the series in the
Museum of Comparative Zodlogy from Isla El Rey (San Miguel) and
Saboga, and found that they were likewise darker. It is interesting to
observe that this tendency toward darker color is in the direction of the
very dark N. v. pauper of the Galapagos Islands. Birds from the Pacific
side of Panam4 likewise belong with the new race which extends to the
mainland of the Pacific coast from Panama to Colombia and Ecuador.
For the privilege of examining specimens from the two latter countries I
am indebted to Robert Cushman Murphy.

Family RALLIDAE.
Aramides cajanea morrisoni subsp. nov.

Characters.—Similar to Aramides cajanea latens Bangs and Penard 3
but with gray of hindneck darker, and also grayer, less brownish; back,
wing-coverts and scapulars darker, more olivaceous green.

Description.—Type, U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 376,059, o, San José Island,
Archipiélago de las Perlas, May 21, 1944, collected by J. P. E. Morrison
(orig. no. 160). Forehead and forepart of crown deep mouse gray;
posterior half of crown and nape indistinctly olive brown; hindneck and
adjacent area of upper back slightly darker than neutral gray; rest of
back, scapulars and tertials brownish olive; rump, upper tail-coverts,
tail, flanks, abdomen and under tail-coverts dull black, with a wash of
olive-brown on rump; primaries and secondaries dull russet, tipped with
sepia; outer wing-coverts russet, inner ones brownish olive; sides of head
light mouse gray, with an indistinct streak of mouse gray covering lower
eyelid and extending to upper edge of gape; chin and throat whitish;
foreneck and sides of neck between neutral gray and light neutral gray;
breast and sides sayal brown; tibia fuscous black; under wing-coverts
sayal brown, barred heavily with dusky neutral gray. Anterior half of
bill varying from mignonette green to Kronberg’s green, basal part

3 Aramides cajanea latens Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 62, April, 1918,
p. 41 (San Miguel =Isla El Rey, Archipiélago de las Perlas, Panama).

Wetmore—New Forms of Birds from Panamé and Colombia. 51

orange cinnamon on culmen, elsewhere honey-yellow; legs varying from
vinaceous-rufous to hazel, claws fuscous (from dried skin).

Measuremenis.—Males (six specimens), wing 165-179 (174.3), tail
54.1-64.2 (58.3), culmen from base 46.8-58.7 (52.5), tarsus 64.2—71.0
(67.6) mm.

Females (six specimens), wing 161-178 (166.5), tail 54.5-56.8 (54.9),
culmen from base 48.0-—51.9 (49.8), tarsus 62.7—70.0 (66.5) mm.

Type, male, wing 176, tail 54.1, culmen from base 56.0, tarsus 70.8 mm.

Range.—San José and Pedro Gonzalez Islands, Archipiélago des las
Perlas, Panama.

Remarks.—The series of birds from the two outermost islands, the
basis of the present description, has been compared directly with the
original specimens of latens in the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy.
The differences while not extensive are definite, and carry through all of
the specimens. The characters marking the subspecies latens and
morrisoni from Aramides cajanea cajanea, while warranting the separa-
tion, are not great. In size the two former average smaller but with a
definite overlap among the larger individuals. The brown on the pileum
is slightly duller and grayer, and the greenish olive brown on the back
slightly duller. Below most specimens are slightly duller reddish
brown, with the foreneck and sides of neck, duller gray, though some
individuals may not be distinguished on these characters.

Aramides ec. latens is recorded definitely on the island of El Rey, the
type locality, and morrisoni on San José and Pedro Gonzalez.

These rails are recorded also from Viveros where, according to Rendahl,
Bovallius secured a specimen. It seems probable that this record be-
longs with latens as the island is adjacent to El Rey.

The form is named for Dr. J. P. E. Morrison of the U. S. National
Museum in recognition of his work with birds during the investigations.

Family TYRANNIDAE.
Elaenia flavogaster silvicultrix subsp. nov.

Characters.—Similar to Elaenia flavogaster pallididorsalis Aldrich 4 but
clearer, brighter yellow on lower breast and abdomen; clearer, less brown-
ish gray on upper breast and foreneck.

Description—Type, U. S. National Museum no. 376,315, <7, from
Isla San José, Archipiélago de las Perlas, Panamé, collected February 18,
1944, by A. Wetmore and J. P. E. Morrison (original no. 11,980). Crown
feathers dark grayish olive centrally, margined with deep grayish olive,
the latter color predominating on forehead; a concealed central crown
patch of white; hindneck grayish olive; back and scapulars somewhat
grayer than citrine-drab; rump and upper tail-coverts citrine drab;
lesser wing-coverts citrine-drab with chaetura drab centers; middle and

4 Elaenia flavogasira pallididorsalis Aldrich, Scient. Publ. Cleveland Mus. Nat. Hist.,
vol. 7, August 31, 1937, p. 106 (Paracoté, Montijo Bay, one mile south of mouth of Rio
Angulo, Veraguas, Panama).

52 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

greater coverts chaetura drab, tipped broadly with pale olive-buff
forming two wing bars, primaries and secondaries chaetura drab, the inner
primaries and outer secondaries edged externally with dark olive-buff,
and the inner secondaries broadly with dull white; rectrices dull hair
brown, edged externally with deep olive-buff; throat whitish; sides of
head deep olive-gray; foreneck and upper breast smoke gray becoming
grayish olive on sides; lower breast and abdomen primrose yellow becom-
ing dark olive-buff on the sides and flanks; under wing-coverts primrose
yellow, the outer ones marked with chaetura drab centrally; bend of
wing primrose yellow. Bill dusky neutral gray, becoming grayish olive
on base of mandible; tarsus and toes blackish brown (from dried skin).

Measurements.—Males (19 specimens), wing 76.5-84.8 (80.2), tail
65.7-78.1 (72.5), culmen from base 12.8-14.7 (13.6), tarsus 18.0-20.8
(19.9) mm.

Females (16 specimens), wing 72.5-82.2 (77.8), tail 65.7-74.0 (70.5),
culmen from base 12.5-13.6 (13.1), tarsus 17.5-20.3 (19.2) mm.

Type, male, wing 80.6, tail 72.5, culmen from base 13.6, tarsus 19.9 mm.

Range.—Archipiélago de las Perlas, Panama (specimens examined from
El Rey, Saboga, Pedro Gonzalez and San José).

Remarks.—The differences that mark this race are easily evident when
the island birds are compared with those of the mainland. The brighter
colors of the new form stand out as clearly in the specimens collected
40 years ago by W. W. Brown as they do in our fresh material.

Family MNIOTILTIDAE.
Dendroica petechia chrysendeta subsp. nov.

Characters.—Male, similar to Dendroica petechia erithachorides Baird 5
but brown of head and forepart of body decidedly darker, and extended
farther down the foreneck; the breast streakings averaging heavier and
darker, merging with the brown of the head area; the yellow below averag-
ing deeper and brighter; and the edgings on the middle and greater wing
coverts wider and brighter yellow. Similar also to D. p. paraguanae * but
brown on the foreneck heavier, extending farther down the foreneck, with
less tendency toward streaking; chin and throat darker; yellow on middle
and greater wing-coverts more extensive.

Description.—Type, U.’S. Nat. Mus. no. 369,925, @ adult, Laguna de
Tucacas, Puerto Lépez, Guajira, Colombia, April 28, 1941, A. Wetmore
and M. A. Carriker, Jr. (orig. no. 11561). Entire crown and upper part
of hindneck very dark chestnut; throat and foreneck chestnut, shading
over on the sides of the head into the much darker color of the crown;
feathers of head lemon chrome basally, but this color completely con-
cealed except where it shows indistinctly along the center of the throat;

5 Dendroica erihtachorides (typographical error for erithachorides, as indicated on same
page and in index) Baird, Rep. Pac. R. R. Surv., vol. 9, 1858, p. 283 (Cartagena, Colombia)*

6 Dendroica petechia paraguanae Phelps and Gilliard, Amer. Mus. Nov., no. 1158, Novem_
ber 26, 1941, p. 10 (La Boca, Adicora, Paraguana Peninsula, Estado Falcon, Venezuela).

Wetmore—New Forms of Birds from Panamé and Colombia. 53

feathers of ear-coverts edged narrowly and indistinctly with sulphine
yellow, with faint indication of this same color in nasal tufts and below
the ,rictus; brown of head forming an extensive and sharply delimited
hood, covering the entire head, and on the lower surface extending down
over most of the foreneck; upper surface between sulphine yellow and
citrine, with the rump brighter, nearer sulphine yellow than the back;
remiges blackish brown, the primaries and secondaries externally edged
with citrine, this changing distally on the secondaries to strontian yellow;
tertials with a wide edging of yellowish citrine; lesser wing-coverts
yellowish citrine; middle and greater coverts widely edged with strontian
yellow; rectrices blackish brown, with external margins above edged
with yellowish citrine, inner webs on 5 outermost strontian yellow,
except at extreme tip on 3 outermost, and except for the extreme tip
and a narrow line along the shaft in the fourth and fifth, the sixth (central)
having a very narrow edging only of strontian yellow; sides of neck,
adjacent to the brown of head, wax yellow; under surface clear brilliant
yellow between lemon chrome and light cadmium, streaked heavily on
breast, sides and flanks with chestnut, the streakings heaviest on chest
where they expand anteriorly to merge in the chestnut of the foreneck;
edge of wing light cadmium; under wing-coverts lemon chrome; inner
webs of primaries and secondaries extensively strontian yellow. Bill
brownish black, tarsus and toes brown (from dried skin).

Measurements.—Males (11 specimens) wing 65.7-71.7 (68.9), tail
50.2-55.3 (52.2), culmen from base 138.7-14.7 (13.9), tarsus 20.8-22.1
(21.6) mm.

Females (5 specimens), wing 62.5-67.1 (64.5), tail 46.2-53.5 (50.8),
culmen from base 12.7-138.6 (18.2), tarsus 20.0—22.0 (20.9) mm.

Type, male, wing 70.7, tail 55.8, culmen from base 14.7, tarsus 22.1 mm.

Range.—The Guajira Peninsula, northeastern Colombia and north-
western Venezuela (Bahia Portete, Puerto Lépez, Castilletes, Paraguipa).

Remarks.—The present bird, beautiful in the contrast of its rich yellow
and deep chestnut markings, represents the maximum in pigmentation
among the chestnut-capped group of golden warblers. The deepened
color reaches its greatest extent in specimens in the region from Puerto
Lépez to Paraguipoa. At Bahia Portete the color lightens toward the
condition characteristic of erithachorides so that birds from this point must
be considered intermediate. There seem to be no records at present for
birds of this group between Punto Caim4n on Isla Salamanca on the north-
ern edge of the Ciénaga Grande and Bahia Portete, La Guajira. Colonies
may exist in this considerable area, but the birds seem to be rare. We
searched for it at the mouth of the Rio Rancheria at Riohacha without
success.

While the brown-hooded forms of the golden warbler group stand out
conspicuously from those with the head and throat yellow, so that for a
long period they have been accepted as specifically distinct, in recent
years material has come to hand indicating that the two groups merge.
The brown-headed subspecies range along both coasts of México, Central
America, and northwestern South America, with one outlying population

54 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

on the island of Martinique in the Lesser Antilles. This distribution:
cuts off Dendroica petechia aureola, of Cocos Island and the Galapagos,
and D. d. peruana of southern Colombia, Ecuador and Peri, from the
other subspecies to which they appear most similar. In peruana we
find, however, one approach to the brown-hooded state, as in highly
colored males there is often a decided wash of chestnut brown across the
cheeks and throat. Proceeding eastward in northwestern Venezuela,
males of D. p. paraguanae of the Paraguan4 Peninsula have the sides of
the head yellowish, so that here again there is an intermediate stage.
These two separate approaches are so significant as to justify treatment
of all of the races under one specific name. Between them it is interest-
ing to note that all male birds are completely hooded, and that in the
Guajira Peninsula the brown head attains the deepest, richest color
known.

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Vol. 59, pp. 55-56 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW PITTA FROM THE MALAY PENINSULA.
BY H. G. DEIGNAN.!

The differences between Pitta irena of Sumatra and the
population of the same species resident in the Malay Penin-
sula are so striking and consistent that it is believed no good
purpose would be served by further delay in naming the
mainland form. I therefore propose

Pitta irena ripleyi, subsp. nov.

Type.—Adult male, U. S. National Museum 333828, collected on
Khao Soi Dao (lat. 7° 20’ N, long. 99° 50’ E), Trang Province, Peninsular
Siam, January 1, 1934, by Hugh M. Smith (original number 6826).

The new race is similar to P. 7. irena (northern Sumatra), but may be
distinguished therefrom, in either sex, by having the flame-scarlet not
restricted to the nape, but strongly invading the golden yellow of the
supercilia (usually as far forward as the supraocular region); by having
the mantle of a paler, less rich, chestnut-brown; and, in the male, also
by having the center of the breast and the abdomen of a paler, less rich,
purplish blue.

Fourteen males and nine females of P. i. ripleyi have been compared
with two males and two females of P. i. irena from northern Sumatra.
No exceptional examples are found in either series. The range of
ripleyt is the Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of Kra south to Malacca
and Pahang.

The new subspecies is named in honor of S. Dillon Ripley, my friend
and colleague at the U. S. National Museum.

1 Published with the permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
11—Proc. Brox. Soc. Wasn., Vou. 59, 1946. . (55)

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Vol. 59, pp. 57-62 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHING

IFORA,
LIBRARY “|

MAR 23 1946

%o, RECEIVED <&
4 ow
Y OF SO

THREE NEW MAMMALS FROM THE
ISLANDS, PANAMA.

BY REMINGTON KELLOGG.!

During the year 1944, Dr. A. Wetmore, Secretary of the
Smithsonian Institution, and J. P. E. Morrison of the
Division of Mollusks procured a large number of zoological
specimens for the collections of the United States National
Museum on San José Island. Ten kinds of mammals were
represented in their collections and among these are three
apparently undescribed forms.

Mazama permira, sp. nov.

Type locality.—Isla San José, Archipielago de las Perlas, Golfo de
Panama, Panama.

Type specimen.—Male adult, skin and skull; No. 277144, U. S. Na-
tional Museum; collected September 24, 1944, by C. F. Jones, W. N.
Collins and Robert Carder; original number 50.

Distribution.—Known only from the type locality.

General characters.—Ground color of upperparts mixed natal brown and
cinnamon, with bone brown streak from shoulders to base of tail; under-
parts whitish in contrast to reddish or fawn colored chest and anterior
part of abdomen of Mazama sartorti reperticia. Incisive foramina shorter
and wider, lachrymal vacuities much smaller and narrower, nasals more

noticeably widened laterally above lachrymal vacuities, and skull as a
whole smaller and narrower than in reperticia.

Color (terms after Ridgway, Color Standards and Color Nomencla-
ture, 1912).—Upperparts in general a mixture of natal brown and cinna-
mon, with broad median bone brown streak from shoulders to base of
tail, and grading into wood brown on lower sides; individual hairs light
drab at base grading gradually into natal brown, with cinnamon sub-
apical band and blackish tip; broad cinnamon buff streak below eye and
wider supraorbital streak of same color extending more than half way to

1 Published by Permission of the Secretary of The Smithsonian Institution.
12—Proc. Brot. Soc. Wasn., Vou. 59, 1946. (57)

58: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

ear, and forming lateral border to crown patch; hair on forehead and.
crown noticeably longer and darker than on sides of head and neck, near
bone brown in color, but with hairs on hinder borders of crown broadly
tipped with cinnamon or cinnamon buff; upper lip whitish near nasal pad;
muzzle covered with short whitish tipped hairs, with small rounded
cinnamon buff patch on side adjacent to nasal pad, but becoming darker
(near prout’s brown) on snout behind nasal pad as well as in front of
eyes; sides of face and neck near drab color, the individual hairs having
narrow buffy subapical bands; ears dull dark brownish; exposed surfaces
of forelimbs similar in color to neck, becoming more mixed with cinna-
mon buff hairs on lower portions of limbs and with inner surface lighter
to base of hoof; exposed surfaces of hind limbs similar in color to fore-
limbs, the white of underparts extending downward along inner surface
of hind limb as a narrow stripe, gradually disappearing below middle of
metatarsal; tufts on tarsal glands mixed natal brown and cinnamon,
with cluster of shorter white hairs in center; chin whitish grading into
light avellaneous on throat; under surface of neck similar in color to sides
of face; drab colored bases of the white and cinnamon buff tipped hairs
showing through on brisket in front of forelimbs; rest of underparts
whitish; upper surface of tail rusty, near hazel in color, above, white
below, with white tip.

Skull.—Smaller and narrower than that of Mazama sartorii reperticia.
Anterior frontal region convex and somewhat elevated; nasals noticeably
widened laterally above lachrymal vacuities and but slightly encroached
on by these vacuities; lachrymal vacuities small and narrow; incisive
foramina short and wide; premaxillary portion of rostrum noticeably
attenuated anteriorly; ventral surface of bulla somewhat pyramidal in
outline. Width across jugal portion of orbit noticeably less and maxil-
Jary tooth row shorter than in reperticia.

Measurements.—Type: Total length, 1060 mm.; tail, 85; hind foot,
245; height at shoulder, 570; height at hip, 590. A female topotype:
Total length, 1000; tail, 80; hind foot, 250.

Skull (type): Greatest length, 178; condylobasal length, 171; width
across orbit at fronto-lachrymal suture, 43; maximum width across jugal
portion of orbit, 76.8; zygomatic width, 74.7; length of nasals, 53.5;
maximum width of nasals posteriorly, 23.2; maximum width of nasals
anteriorly, 14.5; maxillary tooth row, 51; maximum distance across
maxillary tooth rows (outside measurement), 57; length of mandible,
142.5; lower cheek tooth series, 54.5. One male and one female topo-
type, respectively: Greatest length, —, 163.3; condylobasal length, —,
157.8; width across orbit at fronto-lachrymal suture, 38, 38.8; maximum
width across jugal portion of orbit, 71, 69; zygomatic width, 68.5, 68.5;
length of nasals, 43.5, 42.5; maximum width of nasals posteriorly, 22.3,
20; maximum width of nasals anteriorly, 11.5, 11.5; maxillary tooth row,
52.2, 54; maximum distance across maxillary tooth rows (outside measure-
ment), 54.5, 53.5; length of mandible, 129, 128; lower cheek tooth series,
54.7, 56.5.

Remarks.—The specimen selected for the type is an old male, which

Kellogg—New Mammals from the Pearl Islands, Panama. 59

apparently suffered severe injuries at one time in fighting with an oppon-
ent. Consequently, the skull is not complete. The left antler and its
osseous base were broken off, resulting in the destruction of the posterior
upper border of the orbit and the adjacent upper portion of the postor-
bital bar. The wound, however, healed over, leaving a roughened
irregular surface on the left side of the skull. The right antler is quite
slender and short, not more than 50 mm. in length. The slightly worn
permanent dentition is in place and the left upper canine is present. The
hinder upper surfaces of the skulls of both adult males are irregularly
pitted, which may indicate rickets, resulting from overcrowding or
inadequate diet on this small island. The skull of the second male,
which likewise has the permanent dentition, lacks both premaxillaries
and is incomplete in other respects. The skull of the female may not be
fully adult, although the permanent dentition is in place. It will be
noted from the measurements that the maxillary tooth row of this female
is actually longer than that of either of the males. The coloration of
this brocket is quite different from that of Mazama sartorii and M. s.
reperticia, the ground color of the upperparts being natal brown in con-
trast to these reddish forms. Furthermore, the underparts of permira
are whitish in contrast to the reddish or fawn colored chest and anterior
abdomen of reperticia and sartorit.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 5 (including 2 fawns), from the
type locality.

Dasyprocta punctata bellula, subsp. nov.

Type locality—Isla San José, Archipielago de las Perlas, Golfo de
Panama, Panama.

Type specimen.—Male adult, skin and skull; No. 277152, U. S. Na-
tional Museum; collected May 11, 1944, by J. P. E. Morrison; original
number 29. |

Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

General characters.—Closely allied to Dasyprocta punctata callida of
Isla del Rey [San Miguel Island], but darker and not so yellowish above
(the subapical band on hairs of back and sides varying from mustard
yellow to ocher in callida) and the hairs on the underparts have grayish
white instead of buffy tips. Differs from Dasyprocta punctata dariensis
on the mainland in smaller size, especially the smaller foot, and the
notably duller coloration of the upperparts. Skull and bullae much
smaller than in dariensis although the transverse diameter of the anterior-
most upper cheek tooth is approximately the same in both forms.

Color (terms after Ridgway, Color Standards and Color Nomencla-
ture, 1912).—-Hairs on snout and top of head dusky drab basally with
subapical warm buff band and black tip; crown of head distinctly darker
than snout because of elongation of black tips; hairs on top and sides of
neck and shoulders light vinaceous drab basally becoming darker near
subapical warm buff band and tipped with black; hairs on mid-back and
corresponding area on sides dark vinaceous drab basally with subapical

60 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

band varying from pale orange yellow to light orange yellow, and with.
black tips; hairs on rump near dull purplish black except for the rather
long grayish white tips; hairs on upper arms and legs to ankles dark at
base with subapical band varying from grayish white to buff. Digits on
fore and hind feet blackish; remainder of fore and hind feet grizzled above,
the hairs dark basally with short subapical grayish white or buffy bands.
Hairs of underside from throat to vent light vinaceous drab basally with
grayish white tips. Hairs on chin whitish. Ears sparsely covered with
short unicolored hairs externally, but on inside the hairs have short
buffy subapical bands.

Pelage.—Stiff and harsh on back and sides. Hairs on rump long, up to
85 mm. in length; hairs on back and shoulders shorter, about 25-30 mm. in
length; hairs on underparts 12-14 mm. in length; hairs on hands and feet
short. Tail almost bare. Ears sparsely covered with short hairs in-
ternally and externally and about 25 mm. in length from notch (dried).

Skull.—Similar to Dasyprocta punctata dariensis, but smaller. Bullae
somewhat smaller than in dariensis and apparently slightly smaller than »
in callida. Nasals variable in width and length, but averaging broader
than in callida.

Measurements.—Type: Total length, 500 mm.; tail, 10; hind foot, 102.
Four male topotypes, respectively: Total length, 495, 480, 470, and 460;
tail, 10, 10, 33 (tail vertebrae), and 10; hind foot, 100, 102, 102, and 105.
Four female topotypes, respectively: Total length, 500, 480, 430, and 4380;
tail, 10, 10, 12, and 8; hind foot, 99, 102, 100, and 98.

Skull (type): Greatest length, 103.6; condylobasal length, 96.9; zygo-
matic width, 47.1; least interorbital width, 29.3; length of nasals, 41.2;
palatilar length, 38.6; length of bulla, 15.3; crown length of upper molar
row. 18.1; length of mandible, 59.9. Four male topotypes, respectively:
Greatest length, 101.7, 97.1, 98, and 96.2; condylobasal length, 95.9,
89.3, 92.6, and 90.4; zygomatic width, 47, 44.2, 44.8, and —; least inter-
orbital width, 30.8, 27.5, 28, and 28.8; length of nasals, 38.5, 35.5, 34.5,
and 35.8; palatilar length, 39.4, 36.8, 36.7, and 37.4; length of bulla, 16.5,
15, 14.8, and 15.1; crown length of upper molar row, 17.7, 16.8, 18.2, and
17.6; length of mandible, 58.3, 55.8, 55.5, and 55.5. Four female topo-
types, respectively: Greatest length, 98.7, 100.6, 90.4, and 89.2; condylo-
basal length, 91.8, 93.9, 81.5, and 82.3; zygomatic width, 46.2, 46.1, 40.5,
and 41.8; least interorbital width, 29, 28, 25.6, and 26.7; length of nasals,
35.1, 38.8, 32.6, and 31.7; palatilar length, 36.8, 38.4, 33.6, and 32.8;
length of bulla, 13.8, 14.7, 18.7, and 12.8; crown length of upper molar
row, 17.3, 18.8, 18, and 17; length of mandible, 56.7, 58.8, 51.2, and 51.

Remarks.—This series of skins from San José Island are rather uniform
in general coloration and are readily distinguishable from related forms
by the different coloring of the upperparts and underparts. They have
been compared with one topotype of callida from the series described by
Bangs as well as with specimens representing the races from the adjacent
mainland. Both of the two races of agouti which occur on adjacent
islands in the Pearl Island group have somewhat smaller skulls and
external dimensions than the mainland race dariensis. Like dariensis,

Kellogg—New Mammals from the Pearl Islands, Panama. 61

however, both have white tipped rump hairs but lack the rich orange
buffy coloration of the upperparts.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 9 (2, skulls only), from the type
locality.

Proechimys semispinosus ignotus, subsp. nov.

Type locality Isla San José, Archipielago de las Perlas, Golfo de
Panama, Panama.

Type specimen.—Male adult, skin and skull; No. 277160, U.S. National
Museum; collected May 8, 1944, 1945, by J. P. E. Morrison; original
number 28.

Distribution.—Known only from the type locality.

General characters.—Like Proechimys semispinosus burrus, P. s. pana-
mensis, and P. s. chiriquinus, but general coloration darker, less reddish
and with more pronounced blackish suffusion in color of upperparts.
Hind foot apparently larger than in burrus. Skull differing from pana-
mensis in wider incisive foramina, narrower third upper cheek tooth, and
nasals terminating normally anterior to level of front edge of orbit.

Color (terms after Ridgway, Color Standards and Color Nomencla-
ture, 1912).—General color of upperparts much darker than in either
Proechimys semispinosus burrus or P. s. panamensis, and more black
lined and less reddish, the black tipped hairs and channeled spines pre-
dominating over the cinnamon to tawny subapical bands on the hairs.
Hairs on back light drab basally, with subapical cinnamon (rarely
tawny) band about 2.5 mm. in width and a black tip. Channeled spines
pale ecru drab basally with black tips. Rump coarsely haired, similar
in color to rest of back, but with longer black tips on the hairs. Fore-
head, cheeks and sides of neck as dark as in some specimens of panamen-
sis. Outer surfaces of fore and hind limbs similar to sides, but the cinna-
mon or tawny subapical bands on the hairs are shorter. Upper surface
of hands and feet much lighter than upperparts, near cinnamon drab on
the darker portions although the hairs have light tips and with whitish
hairs projecting from base of the nails. Underparts pure white except
for the cinnamon wash on some of the hairs in front of forelimbs. Inner
surfaces of fore and hind limbs bare or sparsely covered with white hairs.
Tail dark above, lighter below.

Pelage.—Stiff and harsh on back, sides less so; rump and outer surface
of limbs without spines. Noticeable admixture of flattened channeled
spines on back and sides, each about 20-22 mm. in length. Hairs on
upperparts up to 20 mm. in length; hairs on underparts rather soft; hairs
on hands and feet short, 3-4 mm. in length and cinnamon drab colored
with light tips. Tail moderately haired, the majority of the bristle hairs
on basal half of tail being as long as the length of 5-6 scales. Tail
moderately scaled, 9-10 rows per10 mm. Ears normal, sparsely covered
with short hairs internally and externally, about 20 mm. in length from
notch (dried).

Skull.—Crown length of molar series as well as skull apparently aver-

62 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

aging larger than in burrus. Skull large and robust; nasals long, slightly
widened near middle, not markedly attenuated posteriorly, and extend-
ing to level of front edge of orbit on only one (type) of nine skulls;
supraorbital edges broadly ridged, continuous posteriorly with the
somewhat narrower ridges that extend obliquely forward from outer
edges of interparietal; incisive foramina wider medially than in pana-
mensis; hamular processes of pterygoids broad and spatulate; third
upper cheek tooth averaging narrower than in panamensis; zygomatic
arches and bullae similar to panamensis.

Measurements.—T ype: Total length, 477 mm.; tail, 182; hind foot, 62.
Three male topotypes, respectively: Total length, 463, 444, and 420; tail,
182, 180, and 165; hind foot, 62, 61, and 57. Two female topotypes,
respectively: Total length, 437, 432; tail, 172, 170; hind foot, 58, 55.

Skull (type): Greatest length, 67.2; condylobasal length, 59.1; zygo-
matic width, 31; least interorbital width, 13.9; length of nasals, 26.7;
palatilar length, 24.2; anterior palatine foramina, 5.8; length of bulla,
11.4; crown length of molar row, 10.6; length of mandible, 35.2. Three
male topotypes, respectively: Greatest length, 63.8, 63.1, and 60.1;
condylobasal length, 57.2, 56.9, and 54.1; zygomatic width, 29.8, 30,
and 29.8; least interorbital width, 13.7, 18.9, and 14.3; length of nasals,
24.4, 25.4, and 23.1; palatilar length, 23.2, 22.2, and 20.8; anterior pala-
tine foramina, 5.5, 5.7, and 5.4; length of bulla, 10.6,10.1, and 10.2; crown
length of upper molar row, 10.2, 10.1, and 9.8; length of mandible, 34.3,
33.9, and 32.8. Two female topotypes, respectively: Greatest length,
61.4, 64.2; condylobasal length, 55.5, 56.8; zygomatic width, 30.1, 30.6;
least interorbital width, 14.8, 14.7; length of nasals, 23.7, 24.7; palatilar
length, 22.2, 23.2; anterior palatine foramina, 5.3, 5.8; length of bulla,
10.3, 10.7; crown length of upper molar row, 10, 10.1; length of mandible,
33.8, 35.5.

Remarks.—This spiny rat is closely allied to Proechimys semispinosus
burrus, P. s. panamensis, and P. s. chiriquinus, but is distinguished by its
darker coloration. In color at least, the San José island spiny rat is more
noticeably differentiated from the mainland forms than burrus on the
adjacent Isla del Rey [San Miguel]. Only one of the specimens (No.
271455) taken on San José Island exhibited an approach to the reddish
coloration of the above mentioned races. Bangs in describing burrus
published the measurements of 10 of the 51 specimens captured on Isla
del Rey. These 10 selected specimens have an average head and body
length of 279.38 mm. (260-305). Since the series from San José Island
have a head and body length ranging from 240 to 295, it is quite likely
that an equivalent series from this island would closely approximate the
average head and body length of burrus.

Specimens examined.—Total number, 10 (2, skulls only), from the

type locality.

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Vol. 59, pp. 63-66 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

TWO NEW WOOD-HEWERS OF THE GENUS DEN-
DROPLEX FROM VENEZUELA AND COLOMBIA.

BY ALEXANDER WETMORE AND W. H. PHELPS.

Detailed examination of extensive series of Dendrocolap-
tids of the genus Dendroplex that have been obtained recently
for the Phelps collection from Venezuela, and for the U. S.
National Museum from Colombia, indicate two unrecognized
forms related to picirostris. Their recognition has come
during a study of all of the more northern forms of the
genus, by which the specific unity of pzcirostris and picus has
been definitely established through specimens that show
graduated stages in intergradation along the lower Rio
Orinoco between Caicara, Bolivar and Barrancas, Monagas.!
All forms of these two groups, therefor, are placed under
picus as the older of the two names.

Descriptions of the two additional subspecies here recognized follow:

~ Dendroplex picus choica subsp. nov. “

Characters.—Similar to Dendroplex picus picirostris 2 but extent of light -
Colombia).
color of foreneck restricted distally so that it barely reaches the upper
breast; dark markings on sides of head behind the eye averaging heavier,
more extensive; light markings on crown and hindneck smaller; light
superciliary narrower; slightly smaller.

Description.—Type, Phelps Collection No. 29,106, male adult, in
breeding condition, from Borburata, Puerto Cabello, Estado Carabobo,
Venezuela, collected May 6, 1945, by W. H. Phelps, Jr. Crown and
hindneck sepia, the anterior feathers spotted with pinkish buff, the light
spots edged with fuscous black; forehead mainly pinkish buff with little
of the darker color; on the posterior part of the crown the spots smaller,

1See also Zimmer, Amer. Mus. Nov., no. 753, November 10, 1934, pp. 16-17.
2 Dendroplex picirostris Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., vol. 10, March, 1847, p. 76 (Riohacha,

13—Proc. Brox. Soc, 0” PAF ORR (63)
<i O

"A LIBRARY
MAR 23 4946

S,_ = dat -a.vi_ <2

64 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

more elongated with little of the dark margin, becoming larger but still
elongate on hindneck, and also becoming lighter, cartridge buff, and ex-
tending as elongated light streaks, bordered narrowly with fuscous black,
on to upper back; rest of upper surface, including wings and tail, russet,
slightly lighter on back and rump; sides of head, including superciliary,
lighter than cartridge buff; an indistinct line of sepia behind eye; lores
pinkish buff to cartridge buff; sides of neck cartridge buff to white,
margined with fuscous black; throat and foreneck cartridge buff to
white, this color extending to upper breast, where it is margined with
fuscous black in distinct squamations, which become indistinct anteriorly,
and are very faintly indicated to middle of foreneck; breast tawny-olive
lined with light cartridge-buff, margined faintly with fuscous, the light
streaks becoming narrower and disappearing toward the lower breast;
sides, flanks, and abdomen sayal brown; under tail-coverts snuff brown
with somewhat brighter, narrow shaft streaks; under wing-coverts tawny,
with the bend of the wing cinnamon; tips of outer primaries clove brown.
Bill hair brown, with gonys, mandibular rami, and sides of maxillae near
center pale olive-buff; tarsus and toes chaetura black (from dried skin).

Measurements.—Males (9 specimens), wing 92.0-98.5 (95.7), tail
69.8-81.7 (76.4), culmen from base 27.5-32.6 (29.1), tarsus 21.0-23.0
(21.8) mm.

Females (8 specimens), wing 87.1-98.4 (93.1), tail 70.3-79.5 (76.7),
culmen from base 26.9-31.5 (29.3)’, tarsus 21.0-22.3 (21.7) mm.

Type, male, wing 96.8, tail 80.1, culmen from base 29.0, tarsus 21.0
mm.

Range.—Northern Venezuela, from extreme eastern Falecén (Tucacas)
eastward, north of the Cordillera de la Costa, through Carabobo (Urama,
Puerto Cabello) Distrito Federal (Los Caracas, Rio San Julidn) and
Miranda (Carenero).

Remarks.—This form is quite distinct from typical picirostris in the
restriction of the light markings on the upper breast, and in the increase
in the darker markings on the side of the head and neck. The smaller
size is an average character that is evident in series. The increase in
dark markings on the side of the head is a slight resemblance to the picus
group of subspecies from which, however, choica is completely separated
by the broad range of phalara.

Dendroplex picus dugandi subsp. nov.

Characters.—Similar to Dendroplex picus picirostris but with feathers
of upper breast, lower foreneck, and sides of neck edged with fuscous
black, so that the light color is definitely restricted; light superciliary
narrower and not extending so far behind the eye; light markings on upper
back less extensive; light spotting on crown less extensive, especially on
the forehead.

Description.—Type, U. S. National Museum No. 373,327, male adult,
from Puerto Sagoc, La Gloria, Magdalena, Colombia, collected May 24,

3 7 specimens.

Wetmore & Phelps—New W ood-Hewers of the Genus Draplex. 65

1943, by M. A. Carriker, Jr. (original number 3981). Crown slightly
darker than clove brown; forehead cream-buff with the feathers tipped
with clove brown, the cream-buff decreasing on forecrown until the
marks become elongated spots near the tips of the clove brown feathers;
feathers on hindneck dull cartridge buff, bordered by clove brown; lores
pale cartridge buff; superciliary cartridge buff anteriorly, becoming dull
white posteriorly, this color continuing over the side of the head to
become cartridge buff again on the side of the neck; feathers of posterior
part of superciliary, behind eye, tipped very narrowly with clove brown,
these tippings becoming wider over side of neck; an indistinct line of
clove brown behind eye; upper two-thirds of back, and lesser and middle
wing-coverts, Mars brown; lower back, rump, upper tail-coverts, greater
wing-coverts, wings and tail russet; alula and tips of primaries clove
brown; chin white; throat, foreneck and extreme upper breast whitish
cartridge buff, with very narrow edgings of clove brown beginning at
center of foreneck and becoming more pronounced laterally and posteri-
orly; an indistinct, fine line of clove brown below auricular region, and
another below posterior half of malar area; middle and lower breast buffy
brown, with a few narrow light streaks bordered with clove brown;
abdomen brighter than Saccardo’s umber; sides and flanks dull snuff
brown; under tail coverts Verona brown, with indistinct shaft lines of
pinkish buff; bend of wing pinkish buff; under wing coverts Sayal brown.
Bill olive-buff, browner along the culmen and at the base; tarsus and toes
blackish slate (from dried skin).

Measurements.—males (12 specimens), wing 92.8-102.5 (98.6), tail
73.2-79.8 (76.9), culmen from base 27.3-29.5 (28.6), tarsus 21.2—23.2
(22.2) mm.

Females (10 specimens), wing 93.0—-102.5 (97.9) tail 65.5-82.7 (76.4),
culmen from base 27.7-31.7 (29.4), tarsus 21.5-23.7 (22.7) mm.

Type, male, wing 98.1, tail 77.0, culmen from base 27.3, tarsus 22.2 mm.

Range.—Northern Colombia, from the western and southern base of

_the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, and the valley of the Rio César in
northern Magdalena (Gaira, Punto Caiman on Isla Salamanca, Funda-
cién, Codazzi, Casacar4) west and south through Atlaintico (La Plata,
Aguada de Pablo), Bolivar (Puerto Zapote, Calamar, Turbaco, Carta-
gena), the lower Rio Atrato in northern Chocé (Sautatdé), and southern
Magdalena (La Gloria, Puerto Sagoc, Gamarra), Antioquia (Malena) to
Tolima (Honda, Chicoral on the Rio Coello).

Remarks.—This form extends through the drainage system of the Rio
Magdalena. In restriction of the light color on the upper breast, and in
the markings on the sides of the head, it shows definite approach to the
more heavily marked subspecies of the picus group, from which, however,
it is separated by high mountains. It suggests somewhat D. p. choica,
here described, from the coastal plain of north central Venezuela, but
differs in much more extensive dark markings on the side of the head,
darker upper back, darker lower surface, and in more extensive light
markings on the lower hindneck and upper back. One bird from Isla
Salamanca at the mouth of Ciénaga Grande is placed here tentatively

66 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

as it appears to be intermediate toward picirostris. A bird from Gaira,
southwest of Santa Marta, is definitely dugandi. A specimen in the
Carnegie Museum taken by Carriker on the lower course of the Rio
Atrato at Sautatd is assigned here also, as is one in the American Mu-
seum of Natural History labelled ‘‘Atrato River’? taken December 20,
1909, by Mrs. E. L. Kerr. These are a little lighter than average on the
upper back but agree otherwise with birds from farther east.

This new race is named in honor of Dr. Armando Dugand, Director of
the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales of Bogoté, in recognition ‘of his con-
tributions to the knowledge of the ornithology of his country.

Vol. 59, pp. 67-68 March 11, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW NAME FOR THE DESERT RACE OF THE BAT,
MYOTIS CALIFORNICUS.

BY WALTER W. DALQUEST.
Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley.

Tate (1941, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. Bull., vol. 78, p. 547)
reduced the genus Chrysopteron Jentink to a subgenus of
Myotis, bringing Kerivoula pallida Blyth into the genus
Myotis. Dobson (1876, Monogr. Asiatic Chiroptera) con-
sidered K. pallida a synonym of Vespertilio formosa (Myotis
formosus) Hodgson. ‘Tate (ibid.) has restored it as a full
species, Myotis pallidus. Myotis pallidus (Blyth), named
from central India in 18638, antedates Myotis californicus
pallidus Stephens by 37 years. No name seems to be
available for the desert race of Myotis californicus, currently
known as pallidus. Therefore this race may be known as:

Myotis californicus stephensi new name

Myotis californicus pallidus Stephens, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., vol. 13, p.
1538, June 13, 1900 (preoccupied).

Type.—Adult female, skin and skull number 16657, Mus. Vert. Zool.,
obtained by Frank Stephens at Vallecito, San Diego County, California,
on March 29, 1912; original number 3493.

Diagnosis.—Total length 75-85 mm.; ear short, reaching slightly past
nose when laid forward; tragus slim, straight; foot small, about 6 mm.;
calear keeled; forehead abruptly rising.

Comparisons.—Paler and less reddish than Myotis californicus cali-
fornicus and Myotis californicus caurinus. Upper parts buffy, yellowish,
or whitish. The small foot, keeled calcar, and straight tragus separate
it from all bats that occur within its range, save Myotis subulatus. From
the latter it may be separated by the abruptly rising forehead.

Range.—The interior desert area of the southwestern United States.

14—Proc. Biot. Soc. Wasx., Vou. 59, 1946. (67)

: MAR 23 1946

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Vol. 59, pp. 69-72 March 29, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WA

NOTES ON THE TAXONOMY OF THREE GENERA
OF TROMBICULID MITES (CHIGGER MITES),
TOGETHER WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A
NEW GENUS

BY H. E. EWING

In this paper some notes are recorded on the taxonomy
of the genera Trombiculoides Jacot, Paraschéngastia Womers-
ley, and Neoschéngastia Ewing of the family Trombiculidae.
Also a new genus is described to include a part of Neoschén-
gastia Ewing as originally proposed.

Status of Trombiculoides Jacot

Jacot (1938) established the genus T'rombiculoides on what he regarded
as Say’s Trombidium scabrum. However, he identified as representing
scabrum a species taken “‘from under the bark of a large prone oak,’’
near Savannah, Georgia, which clearly is a trombiculid mite. That this
identification was correctly made there is reason to doubt, since following
Say’s original description (Say, 1821) Say stated that his scabrum was
found: “In forests, on trees, etc.; not uncommon.” He made no mention
of its occurrence in Georgia or East Florida. This is very significant
since this description of Trombidium scabrum was given in a paper that
had the title, ‘“‘An account of the Arachnides of the United States.”
Several species mentioned in this paper evidently were not taken along
the Southeastern coast,—for example Oribata concentrica Say. Say’s
statement in regard to this species is merely that it: ‘“Inhabits Penn-
sylvania.”’

Three statements in Say’s original paper are of special significance,
one in his generic description of Trombidium that the eyes are pedun-—
culated, and two in the specific description of scabrum,—that the hairs
are “‘hardly perceptible’ and the eyes are “white”. These statements,
I believe, definitely eliminate all the trombiculid mites from considera-
tion in connection with his scabrum. In the trombiculid mites the eyes
are either absent, or there is a poorly developed pair easily overlooked,
unless the specimen is cleared and mounted, and the hairs or setae are
long and conspicuous.

15—Proc. Bron. Soc. Wass., Vou. 59, 1946. (69)

70 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.
S
The present writer believes that Say’s description of scabrum does fit
the species to which the name has been applied by various workers
and especially by Howard (1918). Howard reared the larvae and gave
a plate of drawings of the species that he regarded as Say’s scabrum,
putting it in the genus Sericothrombium Berlese. If Jacot’s identifica-
tion of scabrum is incorrect, Trombiculoides, according to the rules of
‘nomenclature, probably should be considered a synonym of Serico-
thrombium Berlese.

Paraschéngastia Womersley 1989 = Neoschingastia Ewing 1929

The genus Paraschéngastia Womersley 1939 was erected for four New
Guinea species described by Gunther in Neoschingastia. Although
zoologically this genus is based on good generic characters, unfortunately:
its type, Neoschéngastia yeomansi Gunther, is very closely related to the
type of Neoschéngastia, Schdngastia americana Hirst. In fact Neo-
schingastia americana (Hirst) is a typical Paraschéngastia, as can be seen
from a drawing (Fig. 1) here given of the dorsal plate.

Fig. 1. Dorsal plate of Neoschingastia americana (Hirst), the type
species of Neoschéngastia.

If this synonymy is accepted, the name Neoschéngastia should be
restricted to the species that have been placed in Paraschéngastia, and
the species formerly going in Neoschéngastia should be given a new name.

%,

Ewing—Taxonomy of Three Genera of Trombiculid Mites. 71

For them the name Ascoschéngastia is proposed. It is described as
follows:

Ascoschongastia, new genus

Chelicera stout, bladelike, with a single tooth above and usually one
below, and extending beyond apex of basal segment. Palpus rather
stout; femur angulate laterally or rounded; palpal claw bifurcate or
trifurcate. Tracheae and spiracles absent. Dorsal plate without a
raised crest in front of pseudostigmata and posterior half without circular
striations. Abdomen without posterodorsal plates; dorsal setae some-
times numerous, humerals not situated in row II. Legs of medium
length; coxae III with one or more barbed or branched setae; tarsi three-
clawed, middle claw being more slender than the other two.

Type species: Neoschingastia malayensis Gater 1932.

References Cited

EwIinec, H. E., 1929. A manual of external parasites, 225 pp., 96 figs.
Charles C. Thomas, Publisher, Springfield, Illinois.

GaTER, B. A. R., 1982. Malayan trombidiid larvae, Part I. Parasit-
ology 24; 143-174, illus.

Howarp, C. W., 1918. A preliminary report on the Trombidiidae of
Minnesota. Seventeenth Rep. State Entom. Minnesota 17: 111-144,
illus.

JacoT, A. P., 1938. Thomas Say’s free-living mites rediscovered.
Psyche 45: 121-132, illus.

Say, T., 1821. An account of the Arachnides of the United States.
Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 59-83.

WoMERSLEY, H., 1939. Further notes on the Australian Trombidiidae
with description of new species. Trans. Roy. Soc. So. Australia 63:
149-166, illus.

A?

" LIBRARY
JUN 28 1946

Vol. 59, pp. 73-76

OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW WORM-LIZARD (ANCYLOCRANIUM BARKERI)
FROM TANGANYIKA TERRITORY.

By ARTHUR LOVERIDGE

Among some reptiles recently presented to the Museum of
Comparative Zodlogy by Mr. R. de la B. Barker, is an extra-
ordinary amphisbaenid of a genus hitherto unknown from
south of the equator. Not only is it the first member of the
peculiar genus to be found in Tanganyika Territory, but its
nearest relative occurs nearly a thousand miles to the north at
Caitoi in Somalia. The new species was taken by Mr. Barker
near the Mbemkuru River (circa 9°30’ S., 39°40’ E.) which
empties into Mzungu Bay between the headlands of Ras Mbem-
kuru and Ras Mawedi on the coast between Kilwa and Lindi,
though rather nearer to the latter.

Except for the absence of a well-marked circular fold separating head
and body, this new species is referable to the Genus Baikia as recently
(1941, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., 87, p. 368) redefined. Two species were
referred to Gray’s Baikia until Parker (1942, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl.,
91, p. 57, fig. 7a) proposed Ancylocranium for somalica (Scortecci, 1930).
The East African lizard was separated from the western africana Gray
on account of its possessing a bony crest formed by the compressed an-
terior elements of the skull, and because the extra-columella showed an
anterior dilation. Parker’s figure of the crested somalicum was based on a
cleaned skull; that of africana on an x-ray of the holotype, as no second
specimen has been taken since the discovery of africana sixty-five years
ago.

That I might ascertain to which of the two genera the new species
barkeri should be assigned, half-a-dozen x-ray photographs of it were
taken through the courtesy of Dr. M. C. Sosman of the Peter Bent
Brigham Hospital of Boston. In none of these photographs is the extra-
columella sufficient distinct for me to say definitely that it is, or is not,
dilated anteriorly. In the matter of the anterior crest, however, three
of the photographs undoubtedly conform to Parker’s figure of Ancylo-
cranium. The other three resemble Parker’s figure of Baikia in lacking
a crest. As all six x-rays are of the same lizard the apparent difference
must be due to some slight variation in position at the time the photo-
graphs were taken. As it seemed possible that the same might have oc-

16—Proo. Brou. Soc. WASH., VoL. 59, 1946. (73)

74 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

curred with Parker’s x-ray of Baikia, I wrote Parker who (18. ii. 46)
assures me that he verified the absence of the crest in Baikia by dissec-
tion. As the Tanganyika reptile has at least one of the characters of
Ancylocranium, it is referred to that genus.

On geographical grounds there appears no reason for separating
Ancylocranium from Baikia for other amphisbaenid genera like Amphis-
baena, Monopeltis, and Dalophia, have a trans-African distribution.

Ancylocranium barkeri sp. nov.

Type.—Museum of Comparative Zodlogy, No. 48,950, a ¢, from Mbem-
kuru River, Lindi Province, Tanganyika Territory. Collected by Mr. R.
de la B. Barker in 1941.

Diagnosis—In some ways nearer to B. africana, but distinguished
from its geographically nearest relative as follows:

A single pair of shields (parietals) on occiput behind rostral;
31 (20 + 11) segments in a midbody annulus; median ventrals
in a single transversely dilated series; 222 annuli on body, 5 on
tail, but posterior half of tail without annuli; range: Tangan-
yika Territory 2.2 a barkert
Two pairs of shields (postfrontals and parietals) on occiput
behind rostral; 49-55 (27-32 + 21-24) segments in a midbody
annulus; median ventrals in a double series; 186-199 annuli on
body, 6-8 on tail extending to the tip; range: Somalia and
British Somabland 0000 22 6 3 he eee somalicum

Description.—Rostral enormous, compressed, arched, with sharp cutting
edge, nostril pierced in the rostral, slightly above and anterior to the
groove separating rostral from first upper labial; neither nasal nor nasal
suture; no prefrontal; no frontal; no postfrontals; a single pair of
shields (parietals) on occiput behind rostral and immediately above a
narrow, vertically-elongate ocular that is preceded by a slightly broader
preocular and followed by a similarly vertically-elongate postocular; eye
hidden; no temporals; upper labials 3, second largest and immediately
below the preocular, the ocular resting in an angle between the second
and third labials; two pairs of elongate sublinguals of which the anterior
pair (postmentals) are the longer; the posterior pair in contact with the
median pair of a row of 6 scales that separate a pair of large, wedge-
shaped sublabials; lower labials 3, the second enormous, the third scarcely
noticeable.

Body annuli 222 between the 6 scales mentioned above and the 6 en-
larged anals, 5 caudal annuli apart from the elongate dome-shaped ter-
minal segment that occupies more than half the length of tail; 31
(20 + 11) segments in a midbody annulus, dorsal segments longer than
broad; the median ventral segment resembling the ventral shield of a
snake being broader than all the other 10 ventral segments together;
6 anals; no preanal pores.

Color.—In aleohol. Tip of snout horn colored, rest of head and body
dirty white (? flesh-pink in life), tip of tail purplish brown.

Size.—Total length of holotype ¢, 193 (185 + 8) mm.

Diet.—Undigested jaws of soldier termites in intestines.

PLATE WIIT Proc. Biot. Soc. WASsH., Vou. 59

$ Holotype of Ancylocranium barkeri (M.C.Z. 48950). 4.6 x Nat. size.

[75]

Me ETP eke
JUN 28 1946

¥,
Cc, RECEIVED
AD €

Vol. 59, pp. 77-78 June 19, 1946

OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW RACE OF RHAIPIDURA RUFIFRONS FROM
ROTA ISLAND, MARIANA ISLANDS.

By ROLLIN H. BAKER, Lieut. H(S), USNR}

A party from the Laboratory of Mammalogy, U. 8S. Naval
Medical Research Unit No. 2, collected vertebrates at Rota
Island, Mariana Islands, during the period from October 17
to November 2, 1945. Study of the birds reveals two specimens
of a hitherto unrecognized race of Rhipidura rufifrons. This
new form may be known as

Rhipidura rufifrons mariae subsp. nov.

Type.—No. 384935, U. S. National Museum; adult male; Mariiru
Point, Rota Island, Mariana Islands; October 22, 1945; prepared by
Odis A. Muennink, collected by David H. Johnson.

Supspecific characters.—Similar to R. r. saipanensis Hartert of Saipan
and Tinian, but with a richer brown coloring on the breast and belly and
darker above, especially the rufous coloring of the rump, basal half of
the tail and forehead.

Description of type-——Forehead and anterior crown light ‘‘orange
tufous’’ (feathers with black bases); lores and auriculars black; eye
ring black; chin, forward part of throat and malar region white (feathers
with black bases); a few feathers on the posterior edge of the malar
region tipped with ‘‘citrine drab’’; throat and upper breast black with
feathers on the posterior margin edged with white; lower breast, belly,
side, flank, tibia, vent and lower tail coverts near ‘‘ochraceous-tawny’’
becoming lighter on the breast, especially in the mid-portion, and slight-
ly grayer on the flanks (feathers with black bases) ; sides of neck, shoul-
der and back near ‘‘Dresden brown’’ becoming grayer on the neck and
crown where feathers have darker shafts (feathers with black bases) ;
rump and upper tail coverts near ‘‘Sanford’s brown’’ (feathers with
black bases); basal half of tail near ‘‘amber brown’’ with coloring
extending distally on edges of feathers; rest of tail black with ends
tipped with white; wings and secondaries dark, edged with coloring simi-
lar to back; underwing grayish with axillaries tipped with buffy white;
tarsus of dried specimen dark brown with darker toes; bill dark brown
with mid-portion basally whitish; eye color not recorded.

Distribution.—Rota Island, Mariana Islands.

Remarks.—The two specimens from Rota have been compared with six
topotypes from Saipan and seven birds from Tinian of R. r. saipanensis
and 20 specimens from Guam of R. r. uraniae Oustalet. The Rota birds

1Research Division, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department.

17—Proc. Biou. Soc. WASH., VoL. 59, 1946. (77)

78 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

have distinctly richer breast and belly coloring than either of these two
races. Of specimens from Tinian, two have this coloring quite similar fo
the Rota birds while the five others are paler. Being situated between the
islands of Saipan and Rota, Tinian birds might conceivably show some
intergradation between the two races. There is some difference in the ex-
tent of white on the chin and throat of birds of these races; however, it is
difficult to state with accuracy the differences since the preparation of the
skins alters this feature considerably. Specimens of R. r. saipanensis have
white feathers on the chin and much of the throat to form practically a
solid band of white and with a heavy line of white in the malar region.
The two birds from Rota have white feathers on the chin and only a
small amount on the upper throat and with a somewhat lighter line of
white in the malar region. Specimens of R. r. uraniae from Guam have a
small amount of white on the chin and with a very thin line extending in
the malar region. Weights of the two Rota birds are 9.0 (type) and 8.5
grams (No. 384936, U. S. N. M.).

Measurements of adult male birds from the four islands indicate that
size differences are not sufficient to distinguish the three races. The
measurements of 11 males from Guam overlap the measurements of birds
from the other islands with the exception of bill length, the Rota birds
having a slightly shorter one. Wing length of the Rota specimens is
slightly smaller than that of the birds from Saipan and Tinian and more
similar to the length of those from Guam.

Wing Tail Culmen Tarsus
R. r. saipanensis
3 males—Saipan 68.0 80.6 13.3 16.8
(67.8-68.2) (80.2-81.1) (13.1-13.5) (16.2-17.2)
4 males—Tinian 68.8 81.6 13.1 17.7

(68.2-69.4) (80.1-83.4) (13.0-13.3) (17.2-18.4)
R. r. mariae
2 males—Rota 66.0 82.3 12.2 47.7
(65.4-66.7) (82.2-82.4) (12.1-12.4) (17.1-17.2)
R. r. uraniae
11 males—Guam 66.2 78.5 13.5 16.6
(64.2-69.2) (75.3-82.3) (13.1-14.5) (15.6-17.2)

The locality for the name, Rhipdura atrigularis Reichenow (Journ. f.
Ornith., 1885, p. 110), was listed as the Palau Islands, but according to
Hartert (Nov. Zool., 1898, vol. V, p. 53) this is probably erroneous and
that the correct locality may be Guam or the Mariana Islands. As pub-
lished the description might fit any of the three races discussed here.
Since the type of R. atrigularis is not available for comparison and since
Hartert found his Guam material to compare favorably with Reichenow’s
type, this name is apparently a synonym of &. r. wraniae and not perti-
nent to the race from Rota.

The writer is indebted to Dr. Herbert Friedmann of the U. S. National
Museum for his helpful suggestions and to Dr. Ernst Mayr of the Ameri-
can Museum of Natural History for the loan of comparative material
from Saipan and Tinian. Colors in quotation marks pertain to ones in
Ridgway’s ‘‘Color Standards and Nomenclature,’’ 1912.

Rhipidura rufifrons mariae is named in honor of my wife.

“Y LIBRARY '
JUN 28 1946

Vol. 59, pp. 79-80 June 19, 1946

OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

NECESSARY CHANGES OF NAMES IN THE
COLEOPTEROUS FAMILY SCARABAEKIDAE*

By EDWARD A. CHAPIN
Curator, Division of Insects, U. S. National Museum

The following nomenclatorial changes appear to be necessary
under the International Rules of Zoological Nomenclature.

Ateuchus Weber

Ateuchus Weber, 1801, Observ. entomologicae, p. 10, 37.

Ateuchus Fabricius, 1801, Syst. Eleuth., Vol. 1, p. 54.

Choeridium Serville, 1825, Encycel. métho., Vol. 10, p. 356.

The generic name Ateuchus was first proposed by Weber in 1801 for
a new species, A. histeroides, from North America. At almost the same
time Fabricius proposed the same name as new, for a group of 58 species,
44 from the Old World and 14 from the New World. Since both papers
are dated 1801, internal evidence of prior publication for one or the
other was sought. The following facts were noted: Weber’s introduction
is dated Aug. 1, 1800 (Calendis Augusti MDCCC), that in Fabricius is
dated April 10, 1801. Both works were published by the same printing
house. This would indicate prior publication for Weber and that prior
publication is established by a citation to Weber by page and species
number on page 47 of Fabricius’ work. Therefore, Ateuchus Weber
returns to the American list and replaces Choeridium Serville 1825.

Kolbeus hornii (Rivers)
Bradycinetus horniit Rivers, 1886. Bull. Calif. Acad. Science, Vol. ITI, p.
61.
Kolbeus minor (Linell)
Bradycinetus minor Linell, 1896, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 18 (1895),
p. 723.

These two species are closely related to Kolbeus arcuatus (Bts.). The
genus Kolbeus was set up by Boucomont, 1911, Ann. Soe. ent. France,
Vol. 79 (1910), p. 335, for the two species Bolboceras arcuatus Bates
and Bolboceras coreanus Kolbe. As no type was designated, the writer
selects B. arcuatus Bts., the first of the two, as type of Kolbeus Boue.

Hoplia eallipyge Leconte
Hoplia callipyge Lec., 1856, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2,
Vel. -3, p. 285.

*Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.

18—Proc. Broun. Soc. WASsH., Vou. 59, 1946. (79)

80 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Hoplia pubicollis Lec., 1856, loc. cit., p. 285. Not Hoplia pubicollis Kiis- —
ter 1849.)

Hoplia oregona Lec., 1856, loc. cit., p. 284.

Hoplia convexula Lec., 1856, loc. cit., p. 285.

Hoplia irrorata Lec., 1857, Rept. Explor. Survey, IX, no. 1, p. 40. (Not
Hoplia irrorata Blanch. 1850.)

Hoplia mutata Gemminger and Harold, 1869, Catalogus Coleopterorum,
Vol. 4, p. 1113. (New name for irrorata Lec.).

Hoplia leconteit Dalla Torre, 1913, Coleopt. Catalogus (Junk), Pars 50,
p. 376 (new name for pubicollis Lec.).

The acceptance of Hoplia oregona Lec. as the correct name for this
species (Boyer, 1940, Microentomology, Vol. 5, Part 1, p. 16) appears
to be incorrect under the International Code, in that it disregards the
right of a previous reviser. When two or more names are published
simultaneously and prove later to be synonyms, the first reviser may
select any one of them to stand and, providing the name selected is valid,
his decision is final (Article 28). The use of the method of ‘‘page pri-
ority’’ in selecting the proper name is not obligatory; it appears in the
code as Recommendation ‘‘t’’ under Article 30 ‘‘ All other things being
equal, page precedence should obtain in selecting a type.’’

Leconte in 1856 proposed four names, oregona, callipyge, convexula
and pubicollis for what are now considered as four color phases or forms
of a single species. In 1880, the same author recognized part of this
synonomy and suppressed oregona and convexula under pubicollis. How-
ever, as pubicollis Leconte 1856 is a homonymn of pubicollis Kiister
1849, his right as first reviser is void and a new selection was necessary.
This was done by Dalla Torre in 1913 (Coleopt. Catalogus, Junk, Pars
50, p. 372) who selected convexula Lec. for the species with oregona,
pubicollis and others as synonyms. Therefore, in 1940 when Boyer
extended the synonymy to include callipyge, he had the choice of
either callipyge or convexula as the correct name of the species since
oregona had already been synonymized. As between those names, the
writer selects Hoplia callipyge Lee.

Cotinis palliata (Gory-Percheron)
Gymnetis palliata Gory-Percheron, 1833, Monog. Cétoines, p. 336, Pl. 67,
fig. 2.
Cotinis arizonica Casey, 1915, Mem. Coleopt., Vol. 6, p. 287.

Gory and Percheron described the species Gymnetis palliata as from
California. In 1869, Gemminger and Harold referred it to the genus
Cotinis and suppressed the name as synonym of Cotinis sobrina (G.-P.).
Further to confuse the issue, the locality record of California is changed
to Mexico. Dala Torre, in Coleopt. Catalogus (Junk) Pars 72, p. 85,
1921, places both sobrina and palliata as aberrations of C. mutabilis G.-P.
and continues to use the false citation of locality. The name is omitted
from the Henshaw and Leng check-lists. Casey’s arizonica appears cer-
tainly to be the same as Gory-Percheron’s palliata.

‘Aaah LIBRARY
JUN 28 1946

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Vol. 59, pp. 81-82 June 19, 1946

OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW BADGER FROM SOUTH DAKOTA
By VIOLA 8S. SCHANTZ

In studying the badgers of South Dakota I discovered an
unrecognized form in the Badlands area which is described
as follows:

Taxidea taxus dacotensis, subsp. nov.

Type.—No. 223233, U. S. National Museum, Biological Surveys collec-
tion; male adult (coronal sutures fused), skull only; collected at Folsom,
Custer County, South Dakota, September 9, 1916, by T. C. Beach. Origi-
nal no. 26; Biological Surveys miscl. no. 17782X.

Distribution— Badlands region of western South Dakota. Transition,
Upper, and Sonoran life zones. In the Saskatchewan biotic province
(Dice).

Diagnostic characters—A light-colored subspecies, and smaller than
Taxidea taxus taxus.

Cotor.—Topotype No. 225838, U. S. National Museum, Biological Sur-
veys collection (skin only) winter pelage: Facial area, including fore-
head (except median line), around the eyes, and patches on sides of head
in front of ears, brownish-black, less accentuated than in tazus, irregular
white markings of cheeks confluent with white throat; underfur of
general dorsal area and sides pale ivory-yellow, though at base a buffy
brown; the guard hair basal color also buffy brown, fading into ivory-
yellow, and becoming black subterminally and white at the tip; this
black band is narrower than in taxus, giving dacotensis a more yellowish
grizzled appearance; general abdominal area uniform ivory-yellow; the
white median line extends from the middle of the face to near the shoul-
ders; chin slightly brownish; ears blackish edged with white; limbs
brownish black; upper side of tail grizzled cinnamon buff, under side of
tail cinnamon buff.

On several pelages taken late in summer the facial area including the
forehead (exclusive of median line), around the eyes and patches on side
of head in front of ears are mummy brown (Ridgway); dorsal area hairs
are a warm buff becoming dark brown subterminally, tipped with buff,
giving them a grizzled brown appearance, while the abdominal area is a
warm buff color.

Skull.—The skull is similar to that of taxus excepting that it is small-
er; however, the teeth P* and M! average proportionately as large or
larger. In dacotensis the condylobasal length of five females measured

19—PrRoc. Biou. Soc. WASH., VOL. 59, 1946. (81)

82 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

from 116 to 123.4 mm., or an average of 119.5; and four males mea-
sured from 120.6 to 125.3 or an average of 122.7.

Measurements.—Type: Skull condylobasal length, 120.6; zygomatic
breadth, 79.1; breadth of brain case across mastoid processes, 75.2; in-
terorbital breadth, 27.3; least postorbital construction, 26.5; palatal
length, 58.4; palatal constriction, 13; maxillary tooth row (alveoli),
41.5} crown length (outer side) of upper carnassial, 11.9; crown width
of upper carnassial, 10. .

Remarks.—Taxidea taxus dacotensis appears closely allied to the more
northern T. t. taxus with which it undoubtedly intergrades. In compari-
son the condylobasal length of four adult male specimens of 7. t. taxus
from North Dakota measured from 128.6 to 132 mm., whereas four adult
males of J. t. dacotensis from South Dakota measured from 120.6 to —
125.3 mm.

Specimens examined.—Total 16 from South Dakota: Badlands, 1
(skull only); Dewey, Custer County, 2 (skulls only); Eagle Butte,
Dewey County, 2 (skins and skulls); Faith, Meade County, 2 (1 skull
only and 1 skin only); Folsom, Custer County, 8 (1 young skin and
skull, 6 skulls only and 1 skin only) ; White River Valley, 1 (skull only).

Biological Surveys, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D. C.

{ Y LIBRARY *
JUN 28 1946

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Cap RECEIVED, soy
OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Vol. 59, pp. 83-9 June 19, 1946

THE AEDES (STEGOMYIA) ALBOLINEATUS GROUP!
(DIPTERA, CULICIDAE)

By KENNETH L. KNIGHT, Lt. Comdr. H(S), USNR2, and LLOYD
E. ROZEBOOM, Lt., H(S), USNR?

Recent collections made by the authors in the Philippine
Islands have disclosed 5 new species of the subgenus Stego-
myia which in general appearance resemble Aedes (Stego-
myia) albolineatus (Theobald). These, along with pseudalbo-
lineatus Brug form a section of Stegomyia that is distinct
enough to be considered a group of that subgenus.

Edwards? considered albolineatus as a member of the scutellaris group.
In this group he also included albopictus (Skuse) and its related species.

The albolineatus group, as based on the species known at present, is
characterized by: a diamond-shaped anterior area of narrow white scales
on the median portion of the vertex; a single broad longitudinal pleural
band of white scales that begins on the propleuron and extends posterior-
ly across the upper portion of the sternopleuron and the upper mesepimer-
on; having only the first three tarsal segments of the hind legs marked
with basal white areas (a few white scales may occasionally occur on seg-
ment IV); the scutum being marked with a conspicuous longitudinal me-
dian white stripe; and the dististyle having its appendage well removed
from the apex.

Key to Adults of the Albolineatus Group

1. All three lobes of secutellum largely covered with broad white
A SANGRE te IE OE 2 SMW SRT AL Dae AN oie: CN 2

Only mid scutellar lobe with broad white scales, lateral lobes cov-

rman DOR, Diack scales: svc) oo 5

2. Median stripe of scutum extending posteriorly to the scutellum
BEeMGIG: WHETIOWS) oe bambusicolus, new species
Median stripe of scutum extending only to level of wing bases __ 3

3. An area of broad white scales on the lateral margin of the scutum
just before level of wing base —........... laffooni, new species
No area of broad white scales on lateral scutal margin... 4

1The collections reported on here were made under the auspices of U. S. Naval
Medical Research Unit No. 2. The material was worked up in space furnished
by the Division of Insects, U. S. National Museum and by Johns Hopkins Uni-
versity (School of Public Health and Hygiene).

2Division of Research, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, U. S. Navy Department.

sEdwards, F. W., 1932. Genera Insectorum. Culicidae. Fasc. 173, p. 161. F.
Wytsman, Brussels.

20—Proc. BioL. Soc. WASH., Vou. 59, 1946. (83)

84 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

4. Only about basal two-fifths of third hind tarsal segment marked
with white (female only, male cannot be separated).
arboricolus, new species
Most, or all, of third hind tarsal segment marked with white
pseudalbolineatus Brug*
5. Seales of apn and ppn all dark. albolineatus (Theobald)
At least some of the scales of ppn pale, usually some pale seales on
@pn also. es ee 6
6. Median scutal stripe extending posteriorly to scutellum; ppn with
narrow curved creamy scales only____-._._---.-------- hoogstraali, new species
Median scutal stripe extending posteriorly only to level of wing
bases; ppn with narrow dark seales dorsally and broad white
Seales below. c15- boharti, new species

Key to the Albolineatus Group Based on Male Genitalia

1. Lateral plate of mesosome with less than 10 teeth___.._______ iO
Lateral plate of mesosome with more than 10 teeth... =e
2. Basistyle with 2 distinct prominences and with 4 bladelike special-
ized setae near the more basal of these lobes; dististyle ap-
pendage at basal one-seventh (Fig. 8)... bambusicolus, new species
Basistyle with one prominence (bears 3-4 very stout short spines)
and without bladelike specialized setate; dististyle appendage
inserted just beyond middle (Fig. 21) albolineatus (Theobald)
3. Lateral teeth of mesosome narrow and slender (Fig. 10); disti-
style appendage very long and slender (Fig. 20)
hoogstraali, new species
Lateral teeth of mesosome broad, tapered, blade-like (Fig. 13);
dististyle appendage broader and shorter (Fig. 22)... +
45 Tips of strongest basal lobe spines reaching level of apex of
basistyle; hairs of inner dorsal (before rotation) margin of
basistyle with hairs as long as those on basal lobe (Fig. 23)
arboricolus, new species
laffooni, new species
Tips of strongest basal lobe spines falling well short of level of
basistyle apex; hairs of inner dorsal margin of basistyle short,
usually conspicuously shorter than those of basal lobe (Fig.
|) aR ee ath Cin We ever NBs 3 dtin dhe Tee bane ve A oe boharti, new species

Aedes (Stegomyia) albolineatus (Theobald). 1904.
Entom. 37: 77 (female) (Scutomyia). TYPE-LOC.: Kuala Lumpur,
Malay Peninsula (Leicester). TYPE: Female in British Museum.

MALE (Philippine specimens). Wing about 24% mm. Head:—Pro-
boscis and palpi black. Palpus approximately one-half to two-thirds (ob-
served range 0.48-0.65) the length of the proboscis, latter about four-
fifths the length of the abdomen. Antenna dusky, torus densely clothed
on inner aspect with broad white scales. Vertex with a median longi-
tudinal band of broad white scales, widening anteriorly, a broad some-
what diamond-shaped area of narrow white scales wedged deeply into the
anterior margin of this band and extending anteriorly between the eyes,
laterally these narrow seales extend far enough along the eye margins

4We have not seen specimens of this species.

5From Brug’s description, pseudalbolineatus would key here. However, it is not
possible to separate it from arboricolus and boharti on the basis of his description.

Knight and Rozeboom—The Aedes Albolineatus 85

so as to cut off the broad white scales and the first of the broad black
scales from the eye margins; remainder of vertex covered with broad
black scales, except for a line of broad white scales on a level with the
lower portion of apn (this may be reduced to a few scales or even absent)
and a patch of similar scales in the lateral corner; a narrow area of
black forked scales on the nape. Thorax:—Scutum dark, covered with
black narrow scales, a median longitudinal stripe of white narrow scales
that widens slightly from the anterior margin to a level with the post-
spiracular area and then tapers rather abruptly to an end just before
the level of the wing bases; a line of short golden bristles over the wing
base. Seutellum with mid lobe clothed with broad white scales, frequent-
ly a few apical broad dark scales, lateral lobes clothed entirely with
broad black scales. Apn with sparse narrow black scales, ppn with sparse
narrow black scales dorsally. Pleuron with a large triangular area of
broad white scales on the ventro-posterior portion of the sternopleuron
in addition to the dorsal band. Coxae covered with broad white scales.
Fore femur dark scaled, a small basal pale area ventrally on the anterior
surface, a median longitudinal white stripe on the posterior surface,
sometimes a small kneespot present; mid femur dark, a narrow white
anterior kneespot, ventral margin marked with white that extends slight-
ly onto the anterior and posterior surfaces; hind femur white scaled,
the dorsal aspect black from apex nearly to base, the dark scaling ex-
tending subapically onto the anterior surface for a slight distance, the
apical half of the posterior surface black, this black extending onto the
ventral aspect subapically and occasionally just encroaching on the an-
terior surface. Tibiae dark, ventro-posterior scales and hairs paler.
Fore and mid tarsi dark; hind tarsus with first 2 segments basally
banded with white, the bands being about one-fourth the length of the
segment and incomplete mesally, occasionally a few white scales basally
on III. Halter pale with dark-scaled knob. Abdomen:—Tergites black-
sealed with large lateral white patches on I-VII (basal on II-VII),
becoming subbasal dorsally on II-VII, usually produced on dorsum to
form narrow subbasal bands on VI and VII and occasionally on V and
even IV. Genitalia (Figs. 17 and 21):—Basistyle conical, about 1 by
214, dorsal surface with several rows of long stout hairs that possess re-
curved tips; basal lobe with 3-4 stout spines and several slender hairlike
setae at apex. Dististyle about half the length of the basistyle, tapering
to a curved tip; appendage inserted just beyond middle and extending
almost to the tip of the dististyle. Lateral plate of mesosome with a
dorsal row of 5-7 apical stout teeth. Tenth sternite armed apically with
a short, stout single or double process. Ninth tergite with an irregular
row of 3-6 setae on each side.

FEMALE (Philippine specimens). Wing about 2% to 3 mm. Differs
from the male chiefly as follows: Palpus about one-seventh to one-eighth
the length of the proboscis. Median scutal stripe slightly broader than
in the male. Fore femur occasionaly with a few anterior apical white
seales; mid tarsus frequently with a few white scales basally on the first
2 segments; hind tarsus with first 3 segments with broad basal white
areas, that on II forming a complete band, occasionally a few pale
seales basally on IV.

A certain amount of variation occurs in the adults of this species.
Specimens were seen from Guadalcanal and New Georgia that differed

86 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

from the above description in having some or all of the median upright
forked scales on the nape dusky to yellowish in color; in having the
scutal stripe of the female wider (about width of median white area on
the vertex) and that of the male somewhat narrower; in having a com-
plete subapical black band on the hind femur (occasionally narrowly
broken ventrally on anterior aspect); and in having complete or nearly
complete bands on abdominal tergites II to VII (occasionally even a few
pale scales on I). Specimens from New Guinea also possessed a more or
less complete subapical band on the hind femur but otherwise did not
appear to differ from Philippine material.

LARVA. The larva of albolineatus presents a striking range of varia-
tion; in facet, so much variation oceurs as to make it almost inconceivable
that only one species is present. However, a series of 116 larval skins
from Guadaleanal, New Guinea, Morotai and the Philippines have been
examined, and in no case was it found possible to detect more than one
species in the associated adults. It is not inconceivable, of course, when
progeny rearing is done from single egg batches, that it may be found
possible to separate albolineatus into 2 or more species on the basis of
the larva.

For deseriptive purposes, the larva of this species has been divided
into types. The common type of the Philippines has been described in
some detail and is used as a basis for describing the others. On all char-
acters except the number of branches of head hair 6, there seems to be a
small amount of intergradation between the types. Two or more of these
types may occur in the same breeding spot.

Type A (Series of 10 associated Philippine specimens from Samar and
Luzon). Head (Fig. 1):—Antenna with a few very fine spicules seat-
tered over basal one-half; length about 7144-8 times the width; hair tuft
inserted slightly beyond middle, 3 branched (range 2-5). Median mouth
brush hairs with fine comb-like tips.6 Preclypeal spine, pale, elongate
and slender. Head hair 47 with 12-20 branches; 5 with 10-20; 6 single,
rarely double; 7 with 10-25; 8 single; 9 with 2-4; 12 many-branched;
13 single; 15 with 2-4; 17 with 2-7; 18 with 3-10; 20 with 2-4; hairs 4
and 6 anterior to 7, 5 behind and slightly mesad to 6, position of 4 in
relation to 6 apparently variable. Mentum with first 2-3 teeth short and
widely spaced, the remainder closely and evenly ranked, 9-12 lateral
teeth. Thorax:—Integument with minute scattered spicules. Some of
the hairs produced into stout stellate tufts, 8-19 branched. Meso- and
metapleural hair tufts with a stout basal spine. Abdomen (Fig. 4) :—
Integument with minute seattered spicules. Some of the dorsal and ven-
tral hairs developed into stout stellate tufts, 6-19 branched. Dorso-
lateral hair of segment I is 3-9 branched, lateral hair single, both hairs
on or at the margin of opposite ends of a bar-like plate. Comb scales
strongly developed, thorn-like, quite variable in length, a fine fringe
present on basal portion of spine, scales arranged in a straight line, 9-12

6Unless the mouth brush hairs are completely extruded, this point is difficult to
determine. Larval skins seldom have these brushes completely expanded, only about
one in ten being so in the authors’ collection. Comblike tips were seen on types
A and B but not on C and D. However, not enough specimens of the latter
were seen to be sure of the validity of this.

7In order to have a nomenclature for the ventral head hairs, Marshall is fol-
lowed in naming the hairs of the head. Marshall, J. F., 1938. The British Mos-
quitoes. p. 45. British Museum, London.

Knight and Rozeboom—The Aedes Albolineatus 87

in number. Siphon smooth, index about 2.4-2.8; detached acus present
(rarely a very narrow attachment to the siphon) ; single subventral hair
tuft, attached approximately at middle, 3-5 branched; pecten teeth 3-6
in number, posterior margin fringed, frequently both margins of pos-
terior teeth fringed. Anal plate incomplete ventrally, posterior margin
with a fringe of spines; lateral hair stout, single, occasionally 2-3
branched; isc 5-8 branched; osc single; ventral brush with 10 tufts, of
which all but the most anterior two arise from a connected barred area,
each tuft with about 5-6 branches; anal gills finger-like, rarely somewhat
broadly lanceolate, upper pair slightly longer than the lower pair and
about twice the length of the anal plate (observed range 1.6-2.2 times
length of plate).

Type A was collected only in the Philippines. However, there is a
variant of it that occurs in Gaudaleanal, New Guinea and Morotai. In
this, the body integument and siphon are covered with fine pile (visible
under low power, 160x) ; the spines on the anal segment are more strongly
produced; and the ventral head hairs tend to have more and stronger
branches (thus approaching Type B).

Type B (Series of 10 specimens from New Guinea, Morotai and Lu-
zon). Similar to Type A except as follows: Head hair 5 with 5-11
branches; 9 with 3-4; 15 with 2-8; 17 with 6-12; 18 with 8-16. Body
integument and siphon densely covered with stout pile, that on the body
being branched. Lateral hair of anal plate 2-4 branched, rarely single;
posterior spines strongly produced. Material seen from New Guinea,
Morotai, Samar, Balabae and Luzon.

Type C (Series of 10 specimens from Guadalcanal, New Guinea, Moro-
tai, Samar and Luzon). Similar to Type A except as follows: Antenna
longer, length about ten times the width, spicules scattered over whole
length. Head hair 6 with 6-11 branches; 9 with 2-4 (one had 7). Body
integument with fine pile, sometimes nearly invisible at 160x. Siphon
with fine spicules or bare. Lateral hair of anal plate 1-4 branched.

Type D (Series of 5 specimens from Morotai, Samar and Luzon).
Similar to Type A except as follows: Antenna longer, length about ten
times width. Head hair 6 with 7-11 branches; 9 with 3-5; 15 with 3-5;
17 with 8-11; 18 with 8-12; 20 with 3-5. Body integument with promi-
nent branched pile; siphon pilose. Lateral hair of anal plate 2-3
branched; spines on posterior margin of anal plate strongly produced.

Brug (1939)® discusses the variability of the albolineatus larva and
illustrates the differences of antennal length, of the branching of the
dorsal head hairs and of the length of the posterior spines on the anal
plate.

This species breeds commonly in tree holes, coconut shells and bam-
boo stumps, and more rarely in artificial containers and fallen leaves.
Bonne-Webster and Brug (1932)9 also report it as breeding in leaf
axils of sago palms and Colocasia; and in a rockhole, lagoon and jungle
pool. —

PUPA. Figures 11, 12 and 18 illustrate the pupa arising from the
Type A larva. Although some variation occurs in number of branches
and of position of setae in a series of albolineatus pupae arising from

8Brug, S. L., 1939. Tijdschr. v. Ent., 82: 102-104.

*Bonne-Wepster, J., and Brug, S. L., 1932. Geneesk. Tijdschr. v. Nederland.-
Indie 72 (Bijblad 2): 63.

88 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

the different types of larvae, there appears to be no significant difference ©
between them.

TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION. From Theobald’s original description
of albolineatus, it cannot be told if his type is that species as understood
here, or boharti. However, a female specimen in the U. S. National
Museum collected in the type locality of albolineatus possesses only nar-
row curved black scales on apn and ppn, and thus agrees not only with
the material in the authors’ collections, but also with Barraud’s (1934)1°
conception of albolineatus (Assam). The only published figure of the
mesosome of albolineatus is that by Brug (1939),8 and is presumably
of a Ceram specimen. It agrees well with all the material studied.

There are specimens of albolineatus in the authors’ collection from
Guadaleanal, Solomon Islands; Hollandia, New Guinea; Morotai, Molue-
cas; and Mindanao, Balabac, Samar, and Luzon in the Philippines. Ma-
terial was examined in the U. S. National Museum from the additional
areas of Rendova and Munda Point, (W. G. Downs), Florida (K. L.
Knight), Treasury Islands (J. H. Paullus) and Bougainville (A. B.
Gurney, C. R. Bruck) in the Solomon Islands; Milne Bay (W. V. King,
T. K. Ruebush, W. S. Ferguson, H. R. Roberts, G. Hi Bick), Saidor (W.
S. Ferguson), Kiriwinia (W. S. Ferguson), Dobodura (B. E. Rees),
Finschafen (E. S. Ross) and Toem, east of Sarmi (E. S. Ross), all in
New Guinea; Tarakan, Borneo (A. G. Humes); and Kuala Lumpur,
Malay Peninsula (A. T. Stanton). This species has also been recorded
from New Britain, New Ireland, Riouw, Sangir Islands, Ceram, Saparoea,
Krakatoa Group, Indochina, and Assam.

Aedes (Stegomyia) pseudalbolineatus Brug, 1939
Tijdschr. v. Ent. 82: 103 (male and female). TYPE LOC.: Undesig-
nated. Type series from Celebes and Sangir Islands. TYPE: Male
in British Museum.

According to Brug the male can be distinguished externally from that
of albolineatus only by the all white scutellum.11 The genitalia differs
in that the hairs on the basal lobe are stout and almost as thick as the 4
spines, and in that the lateral mesosomal plate possesses 14-16 dorsal
teeth. The female has the additional character that the third hind tarsal
segment is largely white on three sides, leaving only the fore side, and
sometimes a narrow apical band, black. The type series was reared from
a broken bottle, bamboo stumps and tree holes. Brug states that the
larva falls within the range of variability found for albolineatus, the
only difference he could find being that the outer occipital hair (hair 9)
has 6-10 branches as against 2-3 (once 4 and once 5) in albolineatus.
This number for albolineatus also holds for the rather considerable num-
ber of specimens (60 examples of hair 9, range in number of branches
2-5) examined by the authors.

Aedes (Stegomyia) arboricolus, new species
MALE. Wing about 2% mm. Undistinguishable from the type de-
scription of the male of pseudalbolineatus Brug. Distinet from albolin-
eatus on scaling of scutellum and the prothoracic lobes, and on male geni-

if Og P. J. The Fauna of British India. 5:243. Taylor and Francis,
ondon.

4In a recent communication, Dr. John Smart, British Museum, states that the
specimens of pseudalbolineatus in their collection have all the scales of apn and
ppn broad white.

Knight and Rozeboom—The Aedes Albolineatus 89

talic characters. Palpus approximately three-fifths (observed range 0.54
to 0.66, holotype 0.66) the length of the proboscis. A few narrow curved
eream-colored scales on lateral margin of scutum between level of meso-
thoracic spiracle and of wing base. All three scutellar lobes clothed with
broad white scales, the apex of the mid lobe with a few broad black
seales, also a few similar apical scales on the lateral lobes. Apn with
both broad and narrow white scales; ppn with sparse narrow black scales
dorsally, broad white scales below. Fore and mid tarsi dark; hind
tarsus with first three segments basally marked with white, the marking
on I incomplete on mesal aspect, that on II about one-half the length
of the band on I and narrowly complete mesally, that on III consisting
of only a few lateral scales. Abdominal tergites with narrow subbasal
white bands on VI and VII. Genitalia (Figs. 14, 19 and 23) with
basistyle conical, about 1 x 2144; inner dorsal surface with several irregu-
lar rows of rather long hairs, a number of long stout setae on ventral
and outer surface; basal lobe with 3-4 elongate spines (tips reach level
of basistyle apex) and several long stout setae with slender curved tips.
Dististyle about one-half length of sidepiece, tapering to a blunt point
at tip; appendage insertion ranging from just before middle to just
beyond, apex of appendage not reaching the tip of the dististyle. Lateral
plate of mesosome with row of 13-16 dorsal teeth. Tenth sternite armed
apically with a 1-3 lobed process. Ninth tergite with 4-10 hairs on
each side.

FEMALE. Wing about 3 mm. Resembles the male in most respects.
Similar to type description of pseudalbolineatus except for marking of
the third hind tarsal segment. Palpus about one-eighth the length of
the proboscis. Hind tarsus with first three segments with basal white
bands, that on I about one-fourth the length of the segment and incom-
plete mesally, that on II about two-fifths the length of the segment and
complete although narrowed mesally, that on III about two-fifths the
length of the segment and incomplete mesally, occasionally a very few
basal pale scales present on IV. Abdominal tergites with partially com-
plete subbasal bands on IV and V, complete on VI and VII.

LARVA (Series of 12 associated skins and 2 larvae, all from one col-
lection) (Figs. 2 and 3). Generally similar to Type B. albolineatus
larva except for the shape of the anal gills: Head hair 5 with 8-13
branches; 9 with 4-8 (once 3); 15 with 3-6; 17 with 11-19; 18 with 12-
17; relative position of anterior dorsal head hairs variable. Comb scales
strongly developed, thorn-like, smooth, the spine about twice the length
of the base, tightly arranged in an even single line, about 12 in number
(range 11-16). Siphon index 2.4 to 3.1; 3-5 pecten teeth. Anal plate
with posterior fringe of strong spines, the longest at least half the length
of the anal plate in length. Anal gills tapered from base, occasionally
somewhat lanceolate, dorsal pair just slightly longer than the anal plate
(1.05-1.15), ventral pair somewhat shorter than the dorsal pair.

PUPA. Generally similar to that of albolineatus. A significant dif-
ference appears to occur in the greater number of branches of hair 1 of
the seventh abdominal segment (arboricolus: 24 examples, range 4-8,
average 6.1 branches; albolineatus: 155 examples, range 1-3, average 1.8).

TYPES. Holotype :—Male, with larval and pupal skins and genitalia
(U. S. National Museum Cat. No. 57769). Shohoton Springs, inland on
the Basey River, Samar, May 8, 1945 (K. L. Knight), reared from a large

90 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

open tree hole. Paratypes:—4 males, 7 females, with associated larval
and pupal skins, 3 males and 2 larvae without associations, same data
as for type. Paratypes deposited in U. S. N. M., Johns Hopkins Uni-
versity and California Academy of Sciences.

TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION. From pseudalbolineatus (type deserip-
tion, since no specimens were available for comparison), arboricolus is
distinct in the female in having only about the basal two-fifths of the
third hind tarsal segment marked with white. Brug (1939)8 describes
pseudalbolineatus as having most of the third hind tarsal white on three
sides, leaving only the fore side, and sometimes a narrow apical band,
black. Apparently neither the male nor the larva are distinct from those
of pseudalbolineatus. Brug states that the male of pseudalbolineatus
differs from albolineatus only in scutellar and genitalic differences. This
would imply that apn and ppm possess dark scales only, which would
furnish a further differentiation point between arboricolus and pseudal-
bolineatus.11 In the larva, this species is generally distinct from alboli-
neatus on the shape of the anal gills and on the number of branches of
head hair 9. However in some eases sufficient variation occurs so as to
make identification difficult.

Aedes (Stegomyia) boharti, new species
Aedes (Stegomyia) albolineatus (Theobald), Bonne-Wepster and Brug,
1932, Geneesk. Tijdschr. v. Nederland.-Indie 72 (Bijblad 2): 60
(Fig. 14, male genitalia; description of male in part).

MALE. Wing about 2mm. Closely similar to albolineatus, but readily
distinguished by the scaling of apn and ppn, and by the structure of the
mesosome. Palpus approximately three-fifths (observed range 0.5-0.7,
holotype 0.7) the length of the proboscis. Apn usually with narrow black
scales and with a variable amount of narrow and broad white scales;
ppn with narrow dark scales dorsally and broad white seales below, a
few narrow white scales generally present along the margin of the white
broad scales. Lateral secutellar lobes clothed with broad black scales,
median lobe with broad white scales only. Genitalia (Figs. 9, 13 and
22) with basistyle conical, 1 x 2%, some long stout setae on ventral and
outer surface, hairs on inner dorsal surface usually quite short, some-
times nearly as long as in arboricolus, basal lobe with three stout spines
(tips fall well short of basistyle apex) and a number of shorter setae,
those on the upper part of the lobe stout and resembling spines. Disti-
style tapering to tip; appendage inserted at, or beyond, middle and ex-
tending about to apex of dististyle. Lateral plate of mesosome with a
row of 11-16 teeth on dorsal margin. Tenth sternite ending in a blunt,
1-3 lobed process. Ninth tergite with 3-5 hairs on each side.

FEMALE. Wing about 2%-3% mm. Similar to the female of alboli-
neatus except for the scaling of apn and ppn as described for the male.

LARVA. Two main types of larvae give rise to boharti adults. These
are separable, as with albolineatus, on whether head hair 6 is single or
multiple.

Type D (Holotype and 7 paratypes, all associated skins, Samar and
Luzon) :—Apparently not distinguishable from Type D of albolineatus,
except on shape of anal gills. Inner mouth brush hairs with comblike
tips. Antenna 9-114 times longer than wide; hair tuft 2-5 branched.
Head hair 5 with 12-19 branches; 6 with 4-8; 7 with 10-16; 9 with 2-8;

Knight and Rozeboom—The Aedes Albolineatus 91

12 with 11-17; 15 with 1-7; 17 with 10-18; 18 with 10-20. Mentum
with 9-14 lateral teeth. Comb scales 8-12 in number, the spines at least
as long as the bases; some or all of the teeth may be joined basally.
Siphon index approximately 3; 3-6 pecten teeth; hair tuft 2-4 branched.
Lateral hair of anal plate 2-4 branched. Anal gills tapered from base,
dorsal pair only slightly longer than ventral and about 14% times longer
than anal plate (3 specimens all measured 1.4). A series of unassociated
larvae from Luzon have the anal gills broadly lanceolate and subequal
to the anal plate in length. An associated specimen each of albolineatus
and boharti was reared from this collection. The gills of the boharti
specimen are somewhat lanceolate and are slightly longer than the anal
plate. This would indicate that the unassociated specimens are possibly
boharti. However, that gill type was never seen in any of the other
associated boharti material.

Type B (10 associated skins from Culion, Palawan, Samar and Luzon) :
—Apparently not distinguishable from Type B of abolineatus, except
on shape of anal gills. Inner mouth brush hairs with comblike tips. An-
tenna 714-10 times longer than wide; hair tuft 1-4 branched. Head hair
5 with 5-15 branches; 6 single, rarely 2-branched; 9 with 2-6; 15 with
2-6; 17 with 12-19; 18 with 10-17; 20 with 2-5. Mentum with 9-13
lateral teeth. Comb scales 9-16 in number, the spines at least equal to
the bases in length, occasionally nearly twice the length of the base, some
or all the teeth may occasionally be joined basally. Siphon index ap-
proximately 2.5-3.0. Lateral hair of anal plate 2-4 branched; posterior
spines about half the length of the anal plate. Dorsal anal gills approxi-
mately 134 times length of anal plate (observed range 1.3-2.2), gills
tapered from base, rarely lanceolate.

The larva of boharti is apparently not separable from that arbicolus.

PUPA. No significant pupal differences can be correlated with the
above 2 larval types. Nor can the pupa of this species be separated
with certainty from that of albolineatus. It is true, however, that in
boharti hair 1 of the seventh abdominal tergite on the average possesses
more branches (33 examples, average 3.5, range 2-6) than that hair in
albolineatus (155 examples, average 1.8, range 1-3). Similarly, boharti
differs from arboricolus on the number of branches of hair 10 of the
second abdominal segment (boharti: 25 examples, range 1-5, average 2.8;
aboricolus: 21 examples, range 3-10, average 5.4).

TYPE. Holotype :—Male, with larval and pupal skins, and genitalia
(U. S. National Museum Cat. No. 57770), Osmena, Samar, May 15, 1945
(A. E. MeMillan and M. J. MacMillan), reared from coconut shell halves
in the vicinity of a native habitation. Paratypes (34 males, 52 females,
all with associated larval and pupal skins, year 1945):—-1 male and 2
females, same data as for holotype; 4 females, Osmena, Samar, June and
August; 4 males and 5 females, Balinsasayao, Leyte, June; 2 females,
1,000 ft. elevation, slopes of Mt. Lobi, Leyte, August; 1 male and 1
female, Irahuan River, Palawan, June; 1 female, Bacungan, Palawan,
June; 1 male and 1 female, Culion Island, June; 2 males, Cape Mel-
ville, Balabac Island, June; 13 males and 15 females, Subic Bay, Luzon,
June, July and August; 10 males and 14 females, San Ramon, Mindanao,
September; 2 males and 7 females, Zamboanga, Mindanao, September.
The paratype series was collected by D. R. Johnson, Jean Laffoon, A. E.
MeMillan, L. E. Rozeboom, K. L. Knight, E. Bogusz, E. S. Zolick, F. E.

92 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Zedeck and M. J. MacMillan. The paratypes are deposited in U. S. N.
M., Johns Hopkins University and the California Academy of Sciences.
The paratypes were all reared from coconut halves, bamboo stumps,
tree holes, banana stumps, palm stump hole and from a water bucket in
the woods. Other specimens were captured as adults when aroused from
resting places in deep woods. On at least one occasion, 2 specimens were
captured biting man in the woods. This species apparently is more
abundant in the Philippines than albolineatus (see distribution).

No definite locality was given for the male specimen that Bonne-
Wepster and Brug mentioned, but apparently it was from somewhere in
the Dutch East Indies.

This species is dedicated to Dr. Richard M. Bohart.

Aedes (Stegomyia) hoogstraali, new species

MALE. Wing about 2% mm. Similar to albolineatus, but differing
markedly in scutal and genitalic characters. Palpus approximately five-
sixths the length of the proboscis. Proboscis slightly shorter than the
abdomen. Head with median area as in abolineatus, laterad to this is an
area of broad black scales that is approximately the same width as the
median white area, frequently a band of white scales present in this
dark-sealed portion, lateral corner of head with pale broad seales, a
narrow area of small black forked scales on the nape. Scutum (Fig. 6)
dark, densely clothed with hairlike black scales, marked with a complete
median longitudinal line of hairlike white scales, the line increasing
slightly in width to the level of the postspiracular area, then tapering
gradually to the prescutellar space, the portion that extends through the
prescutellar space widening slightly to the same width as the midscutellar
lobe and with parallel sides, scales at posterior margin of prescutellar
portion of the line broad and undistinguished from mid lobe seutellar
scales; lateral seutal margin from level of posterior edge of ppm to level
of wing base with creamy-white narrow-curved scales. Mid lobe of
scutellum with broad white scales, lateral lobes with broad black seales.
Apn and ppn with narrow-curved creamy-white scales only. Hind femur
white, a black subapical band that is ventrally incomplete on both sur-
faces. Fore tarsus with a small basal white patch on I; mid tarsus with
a white basal patch on I and a few basal white scales on II; hind tarsus
with prominent white basal bands on the first three segments, that on
III incomplete ventrally. Abdomen with complete subbasal bands on
tergites V to VII. Genitalia (Figs. 10 and 20) with basistyle eylindrical,
about 1 x 3, several irregular rows of short curved-tipped hairs dorsally,
basal lobe with 3 stout spines, 2-3 stout setae and 2-3 slenderer setae
apically. Dististyle half the length of the basistyle, tapering to a blunt
apical point; appendage inserted at basal third and extending almost
to apex of dististyle, long, slender, acutely tapered. Lateral plate of
mesosome with a dorsal row of 13-15 rather thin teeth. Tenth sternite
ending in a 1-2 lobed blunt process. Ninth tergite with 4-5 hairs on
each side.

FEMALE. Wing about 3 mm. Palpus only about one-sixth the length
of the proboscis. Legs marked as in male except that the fore femur
possesses an anterior kneespot; the mid tibia is entirely dark. Remainder
as in male.

LARVA. Apparently two slightly different larval types oceur in this
species, although not sufficient larval material is available to be com-

Knight and Rozeboom—The Aedes Albolineatus 93

pletely sure. The two types are separable on the branching of head hair
6 and on the length of the antenna. The larva of hoogstraali is distinct
from the other species described in this paper on the absence of promi-
nent thoracic and abdominal stellate tufts and on the form of the comb
and pecten teeth.

Type A (Series of 3 associated larval skins). Head:—Antenna with
a few very fine spicules scattered basally; 8144-9% times longer than
wide, hair tuft inserted just beyond middle, single. Median mouth
brush hairs with comblike tips. Preclypeal spine pale, elongate and
slender. Head hair 4 many branched; 5 with 8-11 branches; 6 single; 7
with 10-14; 9 double; 15 with 4-5; 17 with 2-4; 18 with 2-6; 20 with
3-4; hairs 4 and 6 anterior to 7, 5 behind and slightly mesad to 6. Men-
tum with first 2-3 teeth separated, acute, the remainder rounded and
evenly ranked, 10-11 lateral teeth. Thorax:—Mesothoracic pleural hair
tuft with stout basal spine which may be split into several points; meta-
thoracic pleural hair tuft with similar but smaller spine. Abdomen (Fig.
5) :—Dorso-lateral hair of segment I is 4 branched, lateral hair single,
the hairs located at opposite ends of a small barlike plate; the lateral
hairs of II-VI double, rarely one or more single. Comb scales with broad
oval bases, the spines narrow thornlike, equal to or somewhat less in
length than the basal portion, very fine fringe on basal portion and ex-
tending onto base of spine, 6-10 in number. Siphon smooth, index ap-
proximately 2.5; acus present, a basal line at point of attachment, acus
occasionally entirely detached; single subventral hair tuft approximately
at middle, 4-6 branched; 3-6 pecten teeth, each with a group of basal
spines. Anal plate incomplete ventrally, dorso-posterior margin with
small area of short spines; lateral hair double; isc 4-5 branched; osc
single; ventral brush with 10 tufts, each tuft 2-4 branched, the most
anterior 2 not attached to a lateral bar. Anal gills broad fingerlike,
dorsal pair slightly longer than ventral pair and 1.3-1.9 times longer than
the anal plate.

Type B (Two associated larval skins). Similar to Type A except as
follows: Antenna ten times longer than wide, hair tuft 1-2 branched.
Head hair 5 with 14-20 branches; 6 with 3; 15 with 4-5; 17 with 1-2;
18 double. Dorso-lateral hair of abdominal segment I is 6-8 branched.
Dorsal pair of anal gills 2.8 times length of anal plate.

PUPA. Similar to albolineatus except as follows: Vertical plate dif-
ferently shaped (Fig. 15). Trumpet shorter and broader (Fig. 16).
Hairs 4 and 6 of the cephalothorax not appreciably different in length
from hair 5. Hair 6 of abdominal segments IV-V (usually III also) is
mesad of a longitudinal line through 10. Hair 1 of VII lies mesad of a
longitudinal line through 2 and is nearer the posterior margin of the
segment than the lateral margin.

TYPES. Holotypes:—Male, with larval and pupal skins and dissected
genitalia (U. S. National Museum Cat. No. 57771), Subic Bay, Luzon,
June 27, 1945 (E. S. Zolick and F. E. Zedeck), reared from bamboo
stump. Paratypes (6 males, 8 females):—1 female, with larval and
pupal skins, same data as for type; 3 males and 5 females, with larval
and pupal skins, 2 males and 2 females, Subic Bay, Luzon, July 1945 (M.
J. MacMillan, L. E. Rozeboom, F. E. Zedeck), reared from bamboo
stumps; 1 male, Subic Bay, Luzon, July 1945 (M. J. MacMillan), reared
from a tin ean.

94 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

The paratypes are deposited in U. S. N. M., Johns Hopkins University
and California Academy of Sciences.
This species is dedicated to Mr. Harry Hoogstraal.

Aedes (Stegomyia) bambusicolus, new species

MALE. Wing about 2% mm. Externally, somewhat intermediate
between hoogstraali and pseudalbolineatus, but differing markedly on
genitalia from any of the albolineatus group. The following points of
difference from albolineatus occur: Palpus nearly as long as the pro-
boscis (0.97 of the proboscis length). Seutum (Fig. 7) dark, covered
with hairlike black scales, a median longitudinal stripe of hairlike white -
seales, tapered to level of the wing bases from where it continues onto
the bare prescutellar space as a narrow line, a few broad white seales
medially on posterior margin of scutum, a few broad black seales lat-
erally, a band of broad white scales extending from level of mesothoracie
spiracle to level of wing base on extreme lateral margin of secutum, a
small patch of narrow curved ochreous scales above wing base. Scutellum
clothed with broad white scales. Apn densely covered with broad white
scales, ppn with narrow white scales dorsally and broad white scales be-
low. Fore femur black with a narrow white kneespot and a few basal
pale seales anteriorly, posteriorly broadly white on basal half, reduced to
a line on apical portion; mid femur with a white kneespot, a ventral
pale line anteriorly, posterior surface all white basally, the white extend-
ing narrowly along ventral margin to near middle, a white ventral line
at apex. Hind femur white, a broad complete subapical dark band. Fore
tarsus dark with white basal patch on I; mid tarsus dark with pale basal
patch on I, a few basal white scales on II; hind tarsus with broad basal
white bands on first three segments, that on I about one-third of the
segment, that on II about one-half and that on III about two-thirds.
Abdominal tergites with complete subbasal bands on IV to VII. Geni-
talia (Fig. 8) with basistyle conical, 1 x 2, dorsally with several rows
of very long stout bristles; a lobe-like prominence on inner dorsal sur-
face near the base, a number of long stout setae with slender curved tips
arising from this prominence, 4 large curved blade-like specialized setae
inserted just dorsally to this prominence; basal lobe with a dense cover-
ing of long stout setae but without distinctly enlarged spines. Dististyle
slender, almost as long as basistyle, sharply angled before apex, the tip
truneate, appendage short, tapered, rodlike and located at basal one-
seventh. Lateral plate of mesosome with 7-8 dorso-apical teeth. Tenth
sternite ending in a long slender blunt process. Ninth tergite with 5
hairs on each side.

FEMALE, LARVA and PUPA. Unknown.

TYPES. Holotype:—Male,- with mounted genitalia (U. S. National
Museum Cat. No. 57772), Culion Island, June 20, 1945 (D. R. Johnson
and Jean Laffoon), reared from bamboo stump. Paratype:—1 male,
same data as for holotype. Paratype deposited in U. S. N. M.

Aedes (Stegomyia) laffooni, new species

MALE. Wing about 2 mm. Similar to albolineatus, but differing
markedly in scutal, scutellar and genitalic characters (for separation
from the other species, see key). The following points of difference
from albolineatus occur: Seutal stripe widest at midpoint of length; an
area of broad white scales extending forward from level of wing base to

Knight and Rozeboom—The Aedes Albolineatus 95

level of postspiracular area on lateral margin of scutum. Scutellum
clothed with broad white scales, some broad dark scales apically on each
lobe. Apn and ppn clothed with broad white scales, a few narrow dark
scales dorsally on ppn. Mid tarsus with a few white basal scales on I;
hind tarsus with first 3 segments basally banded with white, those on I
and III being incomplete medially, the band on I being about one-fourth
the length of the segment and those on IJ and III about one-third. Geni-
talia:—Apparently not distinct from that of arboricolus.

FEMALE. Wing about 3 mm. Similar to the male except as fol-
lows: Fore femur with a few anterior apical white scales; subapical dark
area of hind femur only slightly extended basally on dorsal aspect (not
reaching middle); mid tarsus with lateral basal white scales on first 2
segments; hind tarsus with basal white bands on first 4 segments, incom-
plete medially on all except II, the band on I about one-fourth to one-
third the length of the segment, on II-IV one-third to nearly one-half.

LARVA and PUPA. Unknown.

TYPES. Holotype:—Male, with mounted genitalia (U. S. National
Museum Cat. No. 57876), 2 miles inland from San Ramon, Mindanao,
about 500’ elevation, September 17, 1945 (Jean Laffoon), reared from
tree hole in dense jungle. Paratypes :—2 females, same data as for holo-
type; 1 female, Maasin Village, Zamboanga Province, Mindanao, Sep-
tember 25, 1945 (Jean Laffoon), collected as an adult in a nipa palm
swamp. Paratypes deposited in U. S. N. M.

This species is dedicated to the collector.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES

Figure 22.
Figure 23.

. boharti. Male genitalia.
. arboricolus. Male genitalia.

Figure 1. A. albolineatus. Ventral aspect of larval head.
Figure 2. A. arboricolus. Dorsal aspect of larval head.
Figure 3. A. arboricolus. Lateral aspect of larval terminal segments.
Figure 4. A. albolineatus. Lateral aspect of larval terminal segments.
Figure 5. <A. hoogstraali. Lateral aspect of larval terminal segments.
Figure 6. A. hoogstraali. Dorsal aspect of anterior prothoracic lobes,
seutum and scutellum.
Figure 7. <A. bambusicolus. Dorsal aspect of anterior prothoracic lobes,
scutum and scutellum.
Figure 8. A. bambusicolus. Male genitalia.
Figure 9. A. boharti. Basal lobe of male genitalia.
Figure 10. A. hoogstraali. Lateral aspect of lateral mesosome plate.
Figure 11. A. albolineatus. Metanotum and abdominal segments I-VII
of pupa.
Figure 12. A. albolineatus. Segment VIII and paddle of pupa, dorsal
aspect.
Figure 13. A. boharti. Lateral aspect of lateral mesosome plate.
Figure 14. A. arboricolus. Lateral aspect of lateral mesosome plate.
Figure 15. <A. hoogstraali. Vertical plate of pupal cephalothorax.
Figure 16. A. hoogstraali. Pupal trumpet.
Figure 17. A. albolineatus. Lateral aspect of lateral mesosome plate.
Figure 18. <A. albolineatus. Cephalothorax of pupa.
Figure 19. <A. arboricolus. Basal lobe of male genitalia.
Figure 20. <A. hoogstraali. Male genitalia.
Figure 21. A. albolineatus. Male genitalia.
A
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BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Vol. 59, pp. 99-102 9, 1946

TWO NEW WARBLERS FROM MEXICO
By ROBERT T. MOORE

The following warblers, apparently new to science, have been
added to the Moore Collection in the last few years and are
herewith described :

Geothlypis nelsoni karlenae! subsp. nov.
Karlene’s Warbler

Type.—Male adult; number 38391, collection of Robert T. Moore; To-
tontepec, Mt. Zempoaltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico; altitude about 6,560 feet,
according to the collector; April 21, 1942; collected by Mario del Toro
Aviles.

Subspecific characters——Males differ from Geothlypis nelsoni nelsoni
Richmond in having upper parts grayer (less greenish); gray band be-
hind the black mask wider, more conspicuous and carried laterally to the
post-ocular and post-auricular areas; averages slightly larger in wing
and tail. The female has the lower throat brighter yellow (more orange) ;
under tail coverts more bronzy yellow.

Range.—Although the topotypical series, all adults, of five males and
one female were all taken on Mt. Zempoaltepee in eastern Oaxaca, this
form ranges north through Puebla (Chalchicomula) to Careaga in the
District Federal.

Measurements.— Exposed

Males Wing Tail Culmen
Aver. 7 ad. karlenae 56.2(53.2-58.2) 60.7(57.2-63.2) 11.3(11.1-11.7)
Aver. 5 ad. nelsoni 53.7( 51.-56.6) 57.1(55.2-59. ) 11.2(10.0-12. )

Specimens examined.—Moore Collection—karlenae—Oaxaca: Totonte-
pee 3 6 1 2 (Apr. 12-May 11), Moctum1 ¢ (Dee. 5); District Federal:
Careaga 1 ¢ (Mar. 15). nelsoni—Veracruz: 5 mi. N. of Jalapa 3 ¢ 1
Q (Mar. 15-25); San Luis Potosi: 6 mi. E. Ciudad del Maiz 1 Q (Oct.
2). Collections U. 8S. Nat’l Mus. and Biol. Sur.—karlenae—Puebla: Chal-
chicomula 2 ¢ (Mar. 17-April 18). nelsoni—Veracruz: Las Vegas 1 ¢
(Apr. 4), Jico 2 ¢ (June 30); Hidalgo: Real del Monte 1¢ (Mar. 12,
Type of microrhyncha).

Remarks.—No comparison was made between karlenae and microrhyn-
cha Ridgway, because the latter is deemed a synonym of G. nelsoni nel-
som. I have examined two of the three males of the topotypical series
(Biol. Sur. Coll.) of microrhyncha, taken at Real del Monte, Hidalgo in

- 4Named in honor of the author’s daughter, Karlene Pim, who accompanied him
and helped him on his last expedition in Ecuador.

21—Proc. Bion. Soc. WASsH., Vou. 59, 1946. (99)

100 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

March 1891. It is true that the gray of the crown is much reduced in these

specimens, but the same is equally true of my three specimens from
Jalapa, Veracruz, which are practically topotypical and were secured in
the same month of March, they showing barely a trace of gray. The
type and the only other specimen in good condition from Real del Monte,
No. 143334, were collected on March 13th and 12th, whereas the three
specimens from Jalapa were secured between March 15th and March
22nd. All are in exactly the same condition of wear. The type of
Geothlypis cucullata Salvin and Godman was collected at the Cofre de
Perote only a few miles from Jalapa and as the name was preoccupied,
Richmond re-named this bird nelsoni to replace cucullata. Furthermore,
there is another male in the Biological Survey Collection, No. 365932,
taken by Burleigh at Las Vigas on April 4th, 1939, also only a short
distance from Jalapa and this bird, too, resembles my specimens. The
only individual of nelsoni, which has an appreciable amount of gray ba
hind the black mask, is a male from Jico, Veracruz, a June 30th bird,
which possesses the minimum amount shown by any karlenae. If the type
of cucullata has a more conspicuous gray crown band, the wider band is
abnormal or probably due to its being in fresh plumage and a series of
microrhyncha in similar plumage would probably show the same wide
band. The only other character alleged to differentiate microrhyncha,
small bill, is certainly very unimportant. Even Ridgway shows the dif-
ference as only about 1 mm smaller! In the females, too, this difference
is slight. The female from Ciudad del Maiz, San Luis Potosi has an
exposed culmen of 10.3 mm, compared with 10.5 for the Jalapa female.
Dr. Herbert Friedmann examined all of these birds with me in April
1944 and agrees with me that Geothlypis nelsoni microrhyncha Ridgway
is a synonym of Geothlypis nelsoni nelsoni Richmond.

Great care should be taken to compare birds of the same period of
the year and of amount of wear, because the feathers of the pileum in
March and April are generally somewhat worn. Fortunately, all of the
critical birds from Real del Monte, Jalapa, Las Vigas, Careaga and Mt.
Zempoaltepec were collected in the same two months of March and April.

Basileuterns belli bateli, subsp. nov.
Batel Chestnut-eared Warbler

Type.—Male breeding adult in nearly fresh plumage; number 20647,
collection of Robert T. Moore; Rancho Batel, 6 mi. north of Santa
Lucia, Sinaloa, Mexico; altitude about 6,800 feet; May 28, 1938; sex
organs fully enlarged; collected by Chester C. Lamb.

Subspecific characters.—Differs in breeding and winter plumage from
Basileuterus belli clarus Ridgway in having auriculars darker chestnut;
underparts darker yellow, rather. than paler; upperparts darker golden
green; olive on flanks more extensive. Differs from Basileuterus belli
belli (Giraud) in having chestnut area around the eyes and auriculars
paler chestnut; upperparts more golden (less olive) green; rectrices not
only longer as in clarus, but also much broader.

Range.—Oceurs in Temperate and Upper Transition Zones on the
sierras of southeastern Sinaloa (Rancho Batel breeding) through Jalisco
(San Sebastian) and Michoacan to at least the Sierra Ozumatlan (9,500
ft.) and (in somewhat intermediate form) to the mountains surrounding
the Valley of Mexico.

Moore—Two New Warblers from Mexico 101

Measurements in mm of males Wing Tail
SE) ESE eS ee Ee 60.3 59.2
EEE SIRIEIE NT cerces ae CN CNN eT ee 62.0 60.2
Aver. 6 belli from eastern Mexico... 60.0 53.4
neers trom Oaxaca oo 60.4 55.2
Aver, 6 scttulus from’ Chiapas..__________._______. 61.4 57.3
Aver. 8 subobscurus from Honduras..........-.--..-. 61.2 56.7

Specimens examined.—Moore Coll. of Oreutt Trust—bateli—Sinaloa:
Rancho Batel 1 ¢ (May 28 Type, breed.) ; Michoacan: Sierra Ozumatlan
1 ¢ 1 im. @ (Nov. 3-4); Boundary range between Michoacan and
Mexico: Puerta Lengua de Vaca 7 6 lim. 6 2 2 1 im. 2 (Oct. 12-
31); District Federal: Desierto de Leones 1 ¢ 2 2 (July 15-Aug. 7).
Bateli X belli—Puebla: El Venerable, 4 mi. E. Agua Frio, 1 im. ¢@ 1 @
(Apr. 2, July 30). In other collections—bateli—N. W. Jalisco: San Se-
bastian 1 @ (Mar. 17); Michoacan: Mt. Tancitaro 2 ¢ 4 2 (Feb. 24,
June 28-July 31). In Oreutt Trust Coll.—belli—Veracruz: La Puerta,
top of Aculzingo Grade, 4 ¢ (breed.) 2 juv. ¢ 1 @ lim. 9 (July
20-26); 5 mi. N. of Jalapa 2 ¢ 1 2 (Mar. 16-23); San Luis Potosi: 16
mi. E. Ciudad del Maiz, 2 im. ¢ (Oct. 5-8); Oaxaca: Totontepac 6 ¢ 2
juv. 6 4 Q@ 4 juv. @ (Apr. 1-May 31); Moctum 4 ¢ 10 2 (Sept. 19-
Dee. 25). Intergrades belli & clarus—Morelos: Coajomuleo 2 ¢ 1 Q
(June 22 breed.) ; Mexico: Temascaltepec 1 9 (June 27). Other col-
lections—belli— Veracruz: Orizaba 1 Type (no data), 1 @ (Mar. 7),
Jico 1 (2?) 1 9; Oaxaca: Mt. Zempoaltepec 2 ¢ 1 Q (July 10-13), Reyes
1 2 (Oct. 20); Tamaulipas: Montelunga 2 ¢, Galindo 1 9, Carrictos
2 6; District Federal: Ajusco 1 ¢, Mt. Orizaba 2 (not sexed). Belli
clarus—Morelos: Huitzilae 1 ¢ (June 12). Oreutt Trust Coll.—clarus—
Guerrero: Cuapongo 2 ¢ (Dee. 20-30). Other collections—Guerrero:
Chilpancingo 2 ¢ (includ. type) 1 9, Omilteme 1 ¢ 1 9 1 ?. Moore
Coll.—scitulus—Chiapas: Volean de Tacana 8 ¢ 1 @ (Apr. 11-May 13);
subobscurus—Honduras: 35 specs. altogether.

Remarks.—Wetmore (Proce. U. 8S. Nat’l. Mus., 89, No. 3105, 1941, pp.
552-573) gives an excellent review of the species belli, in which he ree-
ognizes Basileuterus belli clarus Ridgway of Guerrero, an opinion with
which I agree. None of the races of belli are sharply differentiated and
characters overlap somewhat from one race to another. The Orcutt
series of nine April-May birds from Volean de Tacana, Chiapas, includes
a fall male that can be matched by a clarus and a dark female that is as
dark and dull as a female obscurus from Cantoral, Honduras. Wetmore
stated he had not seen specimens ‘‘from near Mexico City.’’ At that
time he was also not aware of an important two hundred mile extension
of the range of the species northwest to Sinaloa and the filling of im-
portant gaps in our knowledge of its distribution in the Transverse
Voleanie Province. 30 of the 112 specimens of the species in the Moore
Collection of the Oreutt Trust come from this area and give us our
first real glimpse of the performance of this northwestern group of the
species. It is now fairly certain that clarus in its clearest manifestation
does not extend north of Guerrero beyond the Rio Balsas, the birds of
Mt. Tancitaro, Michoacan, just north of the Balsas, being nearer bateli,
while those of Morelos and the southwestern portion of the state of
Mexico are almost exact intergrades between clarus and true belli. We
still do not have a clear picture of the distribution of bateli and an ade-

102 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

quate series must be obtained in the practically unknown northwestern

prong of its habitat to complete it. We can be reasonably positive it
breeds near the top of the Sierra Madre range above Rancho Batel,
around the 7,000 foot level, for the author in early June of 1938 observed
several individuals obviously under the spell of the mating season, but
their secretive actions made collecting in the thick undergrowth difficult.
The type had the sex organs greatly enlarged, which the author checked
with Mr. Lamb. The next nearest specimen, geographically, was taken
two hundred miles to the southeast at San Sebastian by Nelson and Gold-
man and this female, though not so clearly marked, is nearer to bateli
than to clarus, and the same is true of the birds of southwestern Micho-
acan. But the true range of the race probably turns east through
northern, instead of southern, Michoacan, since we find the birds of the
Sierra Ozumatlan in northeastern Michoacan and of the Puerta Lengua
de Vaca range in the northwestern portion of the State of Mexico—five
hundred miles from the Type locality—slightly nearer to bateli than
those of Mt. Tancitaro. Even the individuals from the mountains sur-
rounding the Valley of Mexico are nearer to bateli, the real change to-
wards belli coming in a group of specimens from the ‘‘Top of the Acul-
zingo Grade,’’ Veracruz, southwest of Mt. Orizaba. The range of
bateli, therefore, appears to be a long belt of some 600 miles, running
southeast from Sinaloa to the District Federal.

On the contrary, the range of Basileuterus belli belli is a north-south
one along the mountain boundary of eastern Mexico, beginning in south-
western Tamaulipas and extending south through San Luis Potosi to the
great Mount Orizaba massif, thence southeast through Oaxaca to Mount
Zempoaltepec in the eastern part of that state. The series of 10 adult
males of the 30 winter and breeding birds from this last locality have
slightly longer tails than belli of Veracruz, a slight approach in this one
character only to clarus.

Since Todd (Revision of the Wood Warbler Genus Basileuterus lia
Its Allies, Proc. U. S. Nat’l. Mus., Vol. 74, Art VII, No. 2752, P. 84)
has suggested a type locality for Basileuterus belli belli (Giraud) in terms
of a large region including many zones: ‘‘Mount Orizaba, Vera Cruz,’’
thus restricting it only to that portion of the mighty massif, which is not
in Puebla, it would be desirable to restrict it more definitely to that
portion of the northeastern slope of the Mount Orizaba massif near
Jalapa, Veracruz. For the sake of clarity, I thus designate and restrict
the type locality.

I wish to thank Messrs. Emmett R. Blake, Harold C. Hanson and Mrs.
Ellen T. Smith for the loan of five specimens from Mount Tancitaro,
Michoacan; Dr. Alexander Wetmore and Dr. John Aldrich for the privi-
lege of inspecting specimens in the United States National Museum and
Biological Survey collections and especially to Dr. Herbert Friedmann
for checking up with me the characters of bateli.

The type of bateli has less black on the margins of the pileum than in
true belli or clarus.

There is a remarkable difference in the tails of both bateli and clarus
when compared with those of belli. They are not only longer, but notice-
ably broader and sturdier, these differences being very obvious when
one is measuring them. The tails of these two races are almost as long
as their wings, whereas in the case of the eastern bird (belli), the tails
are much shorter than the wings, while scitulus and subobscurus lie in
between. The wings of all are about the same length.

“O" tiprary
AUG 13 1946

VS, —e)
C, RECEIVED -.<
VOg w

Vol. 59, pp. 103-106 July 31, 1946

OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW WOODPECKER FROM MEXICO
| _ By ROBERT T. MOORE!

Ascents by the author in 1942 of three of the highest moun-
tains of Mexico (Popocatepetl, Ixtaccihuatl, Toluca) and sev-
eral crossings of the great range, which forms part of the
boundary between the states of Michoacan and Mexico, the
road itself reaching an altitude of nearly 10,000 feet, have
made possible the collecting of eighteen specimens of the spe-
cies, Dendrocopos stricklandi. This bird is a.frequenter of
very high altitudes. It was a common bird about our base
camp on Mt. Popocatepetl at 13,000 feet near the upper limit
of tree line. Sutton and Burleigh (Auk, 1942, 419) found a
breeding pair on March 31st at Rio Frio on the eastern side
of Mt. Ixtaccihuatl at an altitude of about 11,000 feet. That
it occurs occasionally at lower stations is proved by the taking
of our series of five specimens from Puerta Lengua de Vaca at
approximately 9400 feet among a dense stand of firs with scat-
tered oaks and by a female taken by Loetscher on April 4th
on the mountains south of Las Vigas, Veracruz. I believe that
the record given in the Catalogue of the Birds of the British
Museum (Vol. 18, p. 244), of the taking of an adult female in
January at Xochimilco on the floor of the Valley of Mexico is
either an error or represents an individual] driven down from
the high mountains by an unusually cold winter, for snow
sometimes falls even at the low altitude of Mexico City, 7415
feet. Neither Chester Lamb nor I have obtained it at lower
localities in the strictly Transition Zone, which in Michoacan
is the chief habitat of stricklandz’s nearest relative, Dendroco-
pos arizonae fraterculus.

Heretofore, the nominate form, Dendrocopos stricklandi, has been
shown to range from Cofre de Perote, Veracruz, only to the mountains
~ 3Contribution from the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California.

22—Proc. Biou. Soc. WASH., VOL. 59, 1946. (103)

/

104 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

on the western side of the Valley of Mexico. We are dealing with two
distinct forms and true stricklandi is confined to the eastern section of
its range, namely to the Orizaba-Zempoaltepee District of the great
Transverse Volcanic Biotic Province.

The birds which are found on the mountains surrounding the Valley of
Mexico and thence west to the great mountain range between the states
of Mexico and Michoacan, an area recently denominated the ‘‘ Aztec
Faunal District’’ of the above-mentioned Province (Trans. San Diego
Soe. Nat. Hist., X, No. 12, p. 219, Map), apparently represent a new
form and it is herewith described:

Dendrocopos stricklandi aztecus subsp. nov.
Aztec Woodpecker

Type.—Male adult in winter plumage; number 30697, collection of
Robert T. Moore; Puerta Lengua de Vaca, on the boundary line between
the states of Michoacan and Mexico, 15 miles east of Zitécuaro, Michoa-
can, altitude about 9350 feet; Oct. 17, 1941; collected by Chester C.
Lamb.

Subspecific characters. — Differs in both sexes from Dendrocopos
stricklandi stricklandi (Malherbe) in having white portions of posterior
underparts immaculate or streaked chiefly on flanks’ instead of densely
barred on flanks and entire abdomen; streaks on lower throat narrower;
dark portions of upper parts blacker (less brownish) ; white of anterior
portion of back more extensive toward nape.

Range.—Upper Transition and Temperate Zones of the great range in
the western portion of the state of Mexico; thence in somewhat inter-
grading form east to Mt. Ixtaccihuatl.

Measurements.—About the same as those in the nominate race.

Specimens examined.—Moore Col.—D. s. aztecus—Boundary between
states of Michoacan and Mexico: Puerta Lengua de Vaca 2 ¢ 3 Q (Oct.
17-28); District Federal: Mount Popocatepetl (13,000 ft.) 3 ¢ 2 im.
6,3 9 lim. @ (May 17-27); Mt. Toluca (11,000 ft.) 2 ¢ 2 2 (June
10-15). D. s. stricklandi—Biol. Sur. Col.—2 ¢ 1 2 (Apr. 22, Dee. 31,
Jan. 2).

Remarks.—Malherbe did not give the type locality, but it is a strong
probability that the type was secured in the mountains of Veracruz and
specimens have been taken on the vast Mt. Orizaba massif of that area.
Therefore, the author herewith restricts the type locality of P[icus]
(Leuconotopicus) stricklandi Malherbe to the Mt. Orizaba massif.

Since the now known habitat of its nearest congener, Dendrocopos
arizonae fraterculus, has been extended by our collections southeast and
east to Tzitzio, Michoacan (shown on Rand McNally’s Map as Sitzio),
only 50 miles west of the type locality of aztecus, it is alluring to think
of the two forms as possibly conspecific. However, these most eastern
specimens show no approach whatever to stricklandi and the well-marked
differences in pattern negative such an amalgamation.

Azgtecus expresses itself in its truest form in the mountains of the
western portion of the state of Mexico and the series of five specimens

‘

Moore—A New Woodpecker from Mexico 105

from these mountains have one character much more pronounced than
any of the specimens from farther east, namely: the extension of white
on the anterior back much more prominent and in addition a second
character, not previously mentioned, the nasal tufts, point of chin and
anterior forehead conspicuously Tawny-Olive.

There may be an additional important character, which appears in all
specimens of the topotypical series from Puerta Lengua de Vaca, namely,
the apical quarter of the three outer pair of rectrices is Apricot-Orange
instead of merely buffy brown as in some specimens of true stricklandi,
as well as in some intergrades from the mountains surrounding the Val-
ley of Mexico. This is not believed to be stain, because all the feathers
of the Puerta Lengua de Vaca birds are freshly molted.

Although true stricklandi generally seems to be found as a breeding
bird in pure stands of evergreens, chiefly pines, the Puerta Lengua de
Vaea series of aztecus was taken at a somewhat lower altitude around
9400 feet, where oaks occur occasionally among the firs and some of the
individuals were actually collected as they foraged on oak trees.

Vol. 59, pp. 107-118 October 25, 1946

e-

PROCEEDINGS he,
OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

An

NOTES ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE CHIPMUNKS

(EUTAMIAS) IN SOUTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA

AND THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION OF SOUTHERN

ALBERTA WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW
RACES

By I. MoT. Cowan
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia

A critical examination of the specimens of chipmunks in the
collection of the Museum of Zoology at the University of
British Columbia, and the B. C. Provincial Museum, makes
it evident that the existing concepts of the distribution of
certain species and races of Hutamias in southern British
Columbia and western Alberta require revision.

In the course of the present study many specimens have been loaned
to me from the National Museum of Canada through the kindness of
Dr. R. M. Anderson; others have been borrowed from the U. S. Fish
and Wildlife Service collection, through Dr. H. H. T. Jackson; from
the Kenneth Racey collection, Vancouver; and from E. S. Booth of
Walla Walla, Washington. Grateful acknowledgment is made of this
assistance.

The genus Hutamias is represented in western Canada by four species:
Eutamias amoenus, Eutamias minimus, Eutamias ruficaudus, and Euta-
mias townsendti. Certain phases of the distribution of the first three
of these have been studied in connection with this paper.

Eutamias townsendii (Bachman) is represented by two races in ex-
treme southwestern British Columbia, a region not dealt with in the
present study. Hutamias amoenus felix (Rhoads) occupies a slightly
wider range in the same general region, while Eutamias minimus can-
iceps (Osgood) oceurs in extreme northwestern British Columbia. Both
races occupy ranges outside the region dealt with in this paper.

Eutamias amoenus:—The species Eutamias amoenus ranges over prac-
tically the entire southern half of British Columbia from the Rocky Moun-
tains to the beaches of the Pacific Coast and north to the region between
the 54th and 55th parallels of north latitude. It occurs also in parts of
the Rocky Mountains of western Alberta but its. distribution there makes
it plain that the species had its origin west of the Rockies and has pene-

23—Proo. Biou. Soc. WASH., VoL. 59, 1946. (107)

SRUIFORN

LIBRARY
NOV 5—~ 1946
VOOR

ECEIVED

eZ SEMY OF A>

108 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

trated onto the east slope to a very limited degree by way of the low
passes. As will be discussed further later in this paper the two geographic
races inhabiting the Rocky Mountains of Alberta do not oceupy con-
tinguous territory but are separated by 100 miles or more of mountains
in which no chipmunks of the amoenus group are known to occur.

Eutamias amoenus luteiventris (Allen)

This race occupies a very wide range in southeastern and south-
central British Columbia and southwestern Alberta. Over much of this
region it is the only chipmunk present but at various places it occupies
the same general terrain as one or more other species of chipmunks.
Where this occurs there is frequently an ecological separation that for
the most part prevents interspecific competition.

In the Waterton Lakes region of southwestern Alberta this race is in
co-occupancy with Hutamias ruficaudus and Eutamias minimus oreocetes
and here the ecological separation is most apparent. Luteiventris in-
habits the aspen parkland type of environment to the exclusion of the
other two species. It is thus the only chipmunk seen at lake level at
4,000 feet elevation. Where, as on the east slope of Sofa Mountain,
there is continuous parkland environment from the prairie edge to
timberline luteiventris is found up to timberline and in close proximity
to minimus.

Farther north on the east slope of the Rockies, at the level of Banff,
Alberta, luteiventris is more local in its distribution. It is found in fair
numbers at the base of Mt. Rundle, along the lower reaches of Brewster
Creek and Redearth Creek, and on Mt. Inglesmaldie, all but the last,
localities on the south side of the Bow Valley and at elevations between
4,500 and 5,000 feet. It has not been seen at or near timberline, nor
anywhere north of the Bow Valley, though it seems probable that it
does occur at lower levels along the lower reaches of some of the streams
tributary to the Bow from the north.

None was seen on the Panther, Red Deer, Clearwater or Saskatchewan
rivers in the northern part of Banff Park. The race is, however, widely
distributed on the western slope of the Rockies. In Kootenay and Yoho
Parks, B.C., it was the only chipmunk taken, but minimus certainly
occurs at and near timberline where these two parks have a common
boundary with Banff Park, as the latter species has been seen and
taken just on the Alberta side of the Interprovincial Boundary. It was
found abundantly at Mt. Assiniboine on the British Columbia side of
the Rockies just south of Kootenay Park (Crowe, 1943: 399).

The northernmost locality record for luteiventris on the west slope
of the Rockies is Kinbasket Lake, B. C.

From this Rocky Mountain area of distribution the race extends
westward through the mountains of southern British Columbia to the
North Thompson River near Kamloops and to the Monashee Range on
the east side of the Okanagan Valley. In the latter region intergrada-
tion with Eutamias amoenus affinis takes place.

Material from southern British Columbia is inadequate to give a clear

Cowan—Notes on the Distribution of Chipmunks 109

picture of the nature of the distribution of luteiventris and of affinis
where these two meet. In certain places there is an indication of
altitudinal separation with luteiventris occupying the higher zones and
affinis the valley bottoms. In other places all levels seem to be occu-
pied by a population of intergrades.

In a few localities large rivers seem to serve as barriers to chipmunk
distribution. In the vicinity of Kamloops the South Thompson River,
flowing in an east-west direction, is joined from the north by the
North Thompson River. In the northeast angle of this junction the
chipmunk population is intermediate between affinis and luteiventris
but closer to the latter, while west of the North Thompson and south
of the South Thompson the chipmunks are typical of affinis.

At Newgate, B.C. the Kootenay River appears to have some barrier
effect. Here in 1930 there was a readily discernible difference in the
populations on either side of the river. Chipmunks collected on the
east side are referable to luteiventris and differ most obviously from
those across the river in having buff bellies, upper sides of the feet
ochraceous and the tail edged with buff, as compared with the white
bellies, pale yellowish feet and white-margined tails of the chipmunks
from the west side of the river. This west-side population is apparently
intermediate between luteiventris and canicaudus. The results of such
intermediacy are closely similar to the characters of affinis, and Cran-
brook specimens, which appear to me to fall into the same category,
were so identified by Howell (1929:73). However the tails of these
intermediates are even paler ventrally and more obviously margined
with white than the mean of affinis. Canicaudus is a larger, longer-
tailed race than luteiventris but the Newgate specimens are not inter-
mediate as regards dimensions. In this respect they are not significantly
different from the condition in the smaller race.

At Newgate there were no discernible differences in the environments
offered by the opposing sides of the river.

At another point in southwestern British Columbia a river apparently
separates chipmunk populations. Dr. R. M. Anderson writes me that a
National Museum of Canada field party collecting on the west side of
the Kootenay River took EF. amoenus luteiventris and E. ruficaudus
simulans, while Maillard (1932:289) took only E. a. affinis (cited by
him as E.r. simulans) (Anderson 1934) on the east side of the river.

Specimens of luteiventris examined 53:Alberta: Waterton Lake 6,
Brewster Creek 5, Healy Creek 6, Mount Inglesmaldie 1, Mount Rundle
2, 15 miles up Spray River 1, Marvel Lake 1. British Columbia: Ver-
milion Crossing 1; Kootenay Crossing 1, Radium Hot Springs 1, Sher-
brooke Lake near Field 2, Crow’s Nest Pass 2, 19 miles w. of Invermere
1, Kinbasket Lake 1, Newgate 5, Phoenix 1, Revelstoke 10, Monashee
Pass 4, Rayleigh 2.

Specimens of affinis examined, 47 all from British Columbia: Mid-
way 1, Anarchist Mountain 10, Hedley 6, Ashnola Creek 4, Fairview-
Keremeos summit 4; Salmon Arm 2, Kamloops 10, Black Pines 2, Went-
worth Lake 2, Princeton 1, Clinton 1, Lytton 2, Pavilion 2.

110 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Eutamias amoenus ludibundus (Hollister)

As mentioned earlier, there exists, between the northernmost known
locality of luteiventris on the Alberta side of the Rocky Mountains and
the southernmost locality inhabited by ludibundus in that province, a
hundred-mile stretch of terrain in which amoenus chipmunks are not
known to occur. Many chipmunks have been examined closely in the
field in this region and some collected, but all have been minimus.

The Jasper population of ludibundus is at the eastern end of Yellow-
head Pass; the Bow Valley luteiventris at the eastern entrance to Kick-
inghorse Pass. There are no low passes between the two.

E. a. ludibundus in the Athabasca valley near Jasper, Alberta, in-
habits rockslides and rock cliffs close to the valley floor (3,500 ft.) and
altitudinally above the main range of minimus at that latitude. Both,
however, have been taken in the same rockslides on a few occasions.
Indibundus ranges to timberline but does so rarely in the Jasper region.

In the heavily wooded mountainous terrain, extending from the west
slope of the Rockies in the vicinity of Robson to the valley of the
Fraser River near Quesnel and south through the eastern Cariboo dis-
trict to Canim Lake, ludibundus is the only chipmunk.

Specimens of ludibundus examined, 59: Alberta: Jasper and vicinity
(Astoria Creek and Portal Creek) 19, Tonquin Valley 1. British Co-
lumbia: Moose Lake 5, Indianpoint Lake near Barkerville 8, Quesnel
1, Canim Lake 3, Lac La Hache 5, and Horse Lake 17.

The great plateau area constituting the western Cariboo and Chil-
cotin districts, together with the western mountain ranges, is apparently
inhabited by a clearly differential race of Eutamias amoenus for which
there is no name available. This newly recognized geographic race is
named and described below.

Eutamias amoenus septentrionalis subsp. nov.

Type: Female adult, number 1648 British Columbia Provincial Mu-
seum, taken July 24, 1938 at Ootsa Lake P.O., on the north shore of
Ootsa Lake, B.C., by I. MeT. Cowan. Original number 839.

Distribution: West-central British Columbia west of the Fraser River,
north at least to Babine Lake, south at least to Chezacut Lake and west
to the sea coast at the heads of certain inlets.

Diagnosis: A large bodied, relatively short-tailed race of Hutamias
amoenus.

In summer pelage all dark stripes black, with a reddish brown wash
over their anterior ends to a slight degree on the middle stripe, and a
progressively greater degree on the lateral stripes; inner light stripes
reddish brown anteriorly, paler on lower back; outer light stripes white
with faint reddish brown wash; sides between Cinnamon and Tawny
(capitalized color terms are from Ridgway ‘‘Color Standards and
Nomenclature’’); a wash of the same color over shoulders and part
way down back as mentioned above; rump between Drab and Grayish
Olive; under side of tail between Pinkish Cinnamon and Cinnamon
Buff; underparts white.

Cowan—Notes on the Distribution of Chipmunks 111

In worn winter pelage all dark stripes broad and black without
tipping; inner light stripes brownish gray, outer white; rump between
Light Grayish Olive and Drab; under side of tail between Pinkish
Buff and Cinnamon Buff; sides of body pale, nearest Cinnamon Buff.

Comparisons: Most nearly like H.a. affinis, from which it differs as
follows: In worn winter pelage darker throughout with all 5 stripes
black instead of outermost stripes with pronounced brownish wash.
Inner light stripes brownish gray, rather than clear gray. Rump
brownish rather than grayish; shoulders and flanks more brightly
coloured.

Mid-summer juvenals of septentrionalis as compared with those of
ajfinis are duller in general body color with a dull brownish wash across
the shoulders, darker median light stripes, darker sides and with color
of sides extending farther onto thighs; rump with an ochraceous tinge
rather than clear gray.

From ludibundus, the only other race with contiguous range, septen-
trionalis is readily separable on the basis of color of undersurface of tail.
This is usually rich tawny in ludibundus, almost as it is in ruficaudus,
while in septentrionalis it is paler, as described above. In winter pelage
septentrionalis differs from ludibundus in having the dark stripes broader
and darker, the sides paler, and the upper surface and rump more
grayish. Septentrionalis also differs from ludibundus in having a
longer body while tail length remains the same. Mean and extreme
measurements in a series of 18 specimens, 9 ¢ ¢ and 9 2 9, from Jasper
Park, Alberta, are: body length 117+ 1.30, (109-127); tail 95 + 1.90,
(86-104); while corresponding measurements for 15 septentrionalis,
10 66 and 5 9 9, are: 123 + 1.20, (114-130) ; tail 95 + 1.84, (89-100).
The difference in body length has been subjected to statistical test for
probability and has a value of P = less than .01 and ean therefore be
regarded as significant.

Skull: Not differing in general dimensions from those of affinis and
ludibundus but usually separable from the latter on the basis of dorsal
outline of cranium. In ludibundus the anterior part of the cranium is
swollen to produce, between the supra-orbital processes, a prominent
bulge on the dorsal outline, or an angle on the even contour of this line.
In septentrionalis the high point on the dorsal surface is farther back,
at the fronto-parietal suture. The condition in affinis is approximately
intermediate.

Specimens examined 31: Ootsa Lake 6, Western end of Eutsuk Lake,
1; Chezacut Lake, 10; Itcha Mountains, 1; Babine Lake, 1; Puntche-
sakut Lake, 3; Nulki Lake, 6; Rocher Deboule, 1; and Lonesome Lake,
2. The National Museum of Canada specimens from Kimsquit, Stuie,
Caribou Mts., and Rainbow Mts. were examined in February, 1944, and
identified as belonging to the race here described but were not re-
examined during the preparation of the description of this race.

Remarks: Specimens now referred to this race have been examined
by other students of mammalian systematics and identified variously.
For instance Howell examined the Chezacut specimens and their labels
bear his determination of them as affinis. Later Anderson and Rand
reported upon the Kimsquit and other specimens from the coastal

112 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

region (op. cit.) and while noting the paler ventral surface of the tail,
regarded them as representing the race ludibundus. Further study has
revealed other characters serving to identify this population of amoenus
chipmunks from the great central plateau region of British Columbia
and from the western mountains as distinct from the other described
forms. No specimens have been seen from the area in which septen-
trionalis would be expected to intergrade with ludibundus but it seems
certain that intergradation does take place. The Chezacut specimens
show a slight approach toward affinis, particularly in the restriction of
the reddish dorsal wash on the shoulders and dorsum so characteristic
of septentrionalis.

Eutamias minimus :—Eutamias minimus is known to inhabit the greater
part of British Columbia north of the 55th parallel of latitude as well
as the length of the Rocky Mountain Range of Alberta south to the
International Boundary. Eutamias minimus caniceps (Osgood) is the
race occupying the extreme northwesterly part of British Columbia east
of the Coast Range and south as far as Telegraph Creek. Eutamias
minimus oreocetes Howell is found at high altitudes in the extreme
southern end of the Canadian Rockies. As yet no specimens have been
taken in British Columbia in the Waterton Lakes Park area but the
author has seen chipmunks of this species within two miles of the
Alberta-B.C. boundary and there is no ecological barrier to prevent
them ranging across. This they undoubtedly do. The intervening
area, between the ranges of the two races mentioned above, is inhabited
by E. m. borealis Allen.

There is a noteworthy change in the ecological distribution of the
minimus chipmunks in the Rocky Mountains between the 49th and 54th
parallels of latitude. In the Waterton Lakes area of southwestern
Alberta oreocetes is a very scarce mammal and is confined exclusively
to the most intensely insolated mountain slopes above timberline where
fairly coarse broken rock is strewn on slopes that support sparse stands
of weeds and grasses.

At the latitude of Banff, Alberta (approx. 51°) E. minimus is dis-
tributed from alplands to valley floor—that is, at elevations from 7,800
ft. to 4,500 ft. Preference, however, seems to be for the partially
wooded or brush-covered areas, and for burns in early stages of forest
regeneration at intermediate elevations.

In the vicinity of Jasper, Alberta, (latitude 53°) Hutamias minimus
is an inhabitant of the lower elevations in the more easterly areas of
the Rockies. It extends west to Jasper but not beyond, and it is not
found at timberline on the mountains of the main divide at least.

In the Peace River district of British Columbia at latitude 56° it was
found to be an inhabitant of the aspen parkland floral type at an alti-
tude of 1,500 feet.

Comparisons of series of specimens from various points on the lati-
tudinal distribution of E. m. borealis reveals that there is a cline in
total length and tail length measurements (table I) with the more
northerly populations having greater body size and longer tail than
the southern populations. For this reason external measurements do

Cowan—Notes on the Distribution of Chipmunks 113

not serve as reliable criteria for delimiting the ranges of borealis and
oreocetes in the area where these two races meet.

Specimens examined from the Rocky Mountain region as far south
as the Bow Valley at Banff have the color characteristics of borealis.
This was mentioned by Anderson and Rand (op. cit.) who found them-
selves in disagreement with Crowe’s (op. cit.) assignment of Banff
specimens to oreocetes. I have not seen Crowe’s series, which was pre-
ponderantly from the timberline region and it may be that the tim-
berline populations from the ranges south of the Bow Valley have the
color characteristics of oreocetes, but the change would be an unex-
pectedly abrupt one if this were the case.

In 1944 Carl and Hardy (1945: e 33) discovered Hutamias minimus
in the Selkirk Mountain range 19 miles west of Invermere. Here the
species was occupying a timberline habitat and was not found below
such elevations. Fairly intensive studies of the mammals of the Sel-
kirk Range in the vicinity of Revelstoke (Cowan and Munro 1945)
and of Glacier (Munro mss.) failed to discover this chipmunk there.
It can be assumed then that the population of the southeastern Selkirks
is an isolated one, separated from the timberline populations of the
Rockies by the full width of the Rocky Mountain trench and without
more northern connection with the main range of the species.

The original collections made by Carl included but two specimens of
E. minimus both juveniles, but in August 1945 the author took three
additional specimens, an adult pair and a juvenile. These five specimens
reveal that the Selkirk population possesses characteristics distinguish-
ing it from both borealis and oreocetes and it is here named and de-
scribed as—

Eutamias minimus selkirki ssp. nov.

Type: Adult female, skin and skull, Museum of Zoology, University
of British Columbia number 1551, taken August 28, 1945, at Paradise
Mine near Toby Creek, 19 miles west of Invermere, B. C. by I. MeT.
Cowan.

Diagnosis: A small pale race of minimus resembling oreocetes in ex-
ternal dimensions and in size and proportions of skull. In August
pelage median dark stripe black; second dark stripes brown on an-
terior half black on posterior half; outer dark stripes brown. Inner
light stripes heavily overlaid with gray and brown; outer light stripes
white washed with gray on rump. Dark facial stripes extending to
nostrils. Ear black anteriorly, white posteriorly; post-auricular patch
grayish white. Crown hair Brown (capitalized color terms are from
Ridgway, ‘‘Color Standards and Nomenclature’’); sides nearest Cinna-
mon Buff; rump between Mouse Gray and Deep Mouse Gray; under-
surface of tail between Pinkish Cinnamon and Cinnamon Buff; tail
edged with Pinkish Buff; upper surface of front feet whitish, of hind
feet gray.

Comparisons: E. m. selkirki is most like E.M. oreocetes but differs
from that race in darker body color; rump and hind legs in August
specimens gray rather than grayish with a yellowish brown wash; dorsal
surface of shoulders and back with duller brown hair-tipping; dorsal

114 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

surface of tail darker in comparable specimens; facial stripes darker
and more extensive; crown darker and more grayish rather than brown-
ish in tone.

Measurements: Measurements of the adult male and female are re-
spectively: total length 189 mm., 204 mm.; tail 85, 91; hind foot 32,
34; greatest length of cranium 31.6, 31.7; basilar length of Hensel 23.8,
24.2; zygomatic width 17.4, 18.2; least interorbital width 7.7, 7.7;
width of brain case 15.7, 15.8; length of upper molar row 5.3, 5.5;
length of nasals 9.0, 9.5.

Distribution: Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

Remarks: EH. m. selkirki in the sum of its characteristics approaches
closer to oreocetes than it does to borealis. From the latter race it
differs in having a shorter tail; upper surfaces of feet whitish, rather
than distinctly brownish; median dark stripe narrower; and general
body color brighter and less brownish.

Specimens examined: 5, all from the type locality.

Eutamias ruficaudus :—This species is represented in the region under
discussion by the races E. r. simulans Howell, recorded from Nelson
by Anderson and Rand (1943) and from Invermere, B.C. by Crowe
(1943) and £. r. ruficaudus Howell. The latter race is a fairly abundant
inhabitant of the upper rim of the spruce forests in the vicinity of
Waterton Lakes Park, Alberta, and Akamina Pass, B.C. Anderson
and Rand (1943:135) record a specimen from Portal Creek, Jasper
Park, Alta., as referable to this race, thus extending the known range
of the race north from 49°50 to 53° north latitude. No other specimens
of ruficawdus have been taken in the region between Waterton Lake and
Jasper despite a considerable amount of careful biological work extend-
ing over many years.

Dr. Anderson has very kindly loaned me the specimen in question,
male, number 16033, National Museum of Canada. In body eolor it re-
sembles summer specimens of ruficaudus closely, but in summation of
characters is clearly referable to Hutamias amoenus ludibundus. The
brilliant under-tail color of this race closely resembles that of ruficaudus
and in the specimen in question is perfectly matched by certain topotypes
of ludibundus collected by Hollister (1911) and used as a basis for the
original description of this race. The external measurements 211, 92,
31, while considerably less than the minimum measurements of topotypi-
eal ruficaudus given by Howell (1929:96) are within the limits of vari-
ation for that species as it occurs in Waterton Lakes Park except as
regards length of hind foot. All ruficauwdus measurements available
indicate a hind foot in excess of 32 mm. long, and averaging in excess
of 34 mm. As regards cranial dimensions the Jasper specimen is below
the minimum for ruficaudus in almost every respect and below the mean
of ludibundus in all measured features. (See table IT.)

LITERATURE CITED

Anderson, R. M. 1934. Review of ‘‘Birds and mammals from the
Kootenay Valley, Southeastern British Columbia,’’ by J. Mailliard.
Canad. Field Nat. 48(1) :21-24.

Cowan—Notes on the Distribution of Chipmunks 115

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I WIavi

116 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Anderson, R. M. and A. L. Rand. 1943. Notes on chipmunks of the
Genus Eutamias in Canada. Canad. Field Nat. 57:133-135.

Carl, G. C. and G. A. Hardy. 1945. Flora and fauna of the Paradise
Mine area, British Columbia. Ann. Rept. B.C. Prov. Mus. 1944:
c.18-¢.38.

Cowan, I. McT. and J. A. Munro. 1945. Birds and mammals of Revel-
stoke National Park. Canad. Alpine Journ. 29(1):100-121.

Crowe, P. E. 1943. Notes on some mammals of the southern Canadian
Rocky Mountains. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 80, Art. 11:391-410.

Hollister, N. 1911. Four new mammals from the Canadian Rockies.
Smiths. Mise. Coll. 56(26) :1-4.

Howell, A. H. 1929. Revision of the American chipmunks. North
Amer. Fauna $2:1-157.

Mailliard, J. 1932. Birds and mammals from the Kootenay Valley,

southeastern British Columbia. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 20(8):
269-290.

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OC ierary 7
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PROCEED!
OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Vol, 59, pp. 119-120 ober 25, 1946.

TWO NEW BUTTERFLIES FROM THE ADMIRALTY
ISLANDS}

By AvustTIN H. CLARK

Messrs. Warren H. Wagner, Jr., and David F. Grether in
the course of a number of visits to the Admiralty Islands in
1944 and 1945 made extensive collections of the local butter-
flies on Manus, Los Negros, and Lou Islands. There are no
published records of any species from either Los Negros or
Lou.

Among the rather numerous additions to the known butterfly fauna
of the Admiralty Islands are the two interesting local races the descrip-
tions of which follow. Both will be figured in the report on the butter-
flies of the Admiralties soon to be published by Messrs. Wagner and
Grether.

Hypolimnas antilope wagneri, subsp. nov.

Description: This subspecies resembles H. a. antilope, but the fore
wings have a broad light brownish patch 4-6 mm. wide contrasting
with the darker brown general ground color which extends from just
beyond the middle of the costal border to the middle of the outer
border; the hind wings have a broad light border shading into the
darker base; fore wings 31-36 mm. long.

Type: No. 57958 U. S. National Museum, male, from Los Negros,
Admiralty Islands, collected by W. H. Wagner, Jr., and D. F. Grether
on November 16, 1944. In addition to the holotype there are two male
cotypes, one from Los Negros, November 11, 1945, and one from the
Drangot River, Manus, November 14, 1945.

Hypolimnas pithoeca gretheri, subsp. nov.

Description: This subspecies resembles H. p. unicolor from the Solo-
mon Islands but is much darker—blackish; there is a submarginal row of
white dots on both wings, one in each interspace, the dots on the fore
wings being slightly larger than those on the hind wings, the most
anterior the largest; fore wings 41-42 mm. long.

1Published with the permission of the Acting Secretary of the Smithsonian
Institution.

24—Proc. Brow. Soc. WASH., Vou. 59, 1946. (119)

120 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Type: No. 57959 U. S. National Museum, male, from Lou Island,
Admiralty Islands, collected by W. H. Wagner, Jr., and D. F. Grether
on November 16, 1945. In addition to the holotype there is a male
cotype taken at the same place on the same date.

Note: For comparison with this new subspecies there is available in
the National Museum a long series of H. p. unicolor from Lunga, Guad-
aleanal, collected and presented by James Paul Burke, and a single
specimen from Kukum Ridge, Guadalcanal, collected by W. H. Wagner,
Jr., and J. W. Perry on June 8, 1945.

Vol. 59, pp. 121-128 Octobger“S5, 1p4e> Ray
"Y /
PROCEEDINGS CO" riBRARY 7

OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NOV 5~ 1945

IVED «©

SEmy or sows

NEW GENERA OF ELEOTRIDAE AND GOBIIDAE
AND ONE NEW SPECIES FROM WEST AFRICA

By ALBERT W. C. T. HERRE

The fishes of West Africa are but little known. Any ma-
terial from there is particularly welcome for the light it
throws on geographical distribution, and for the help it af-
fords in the better elucidation of the genera and species oc-
eurring in that region.

The Rev. A. I. Good, stationed in Cameroon, has earned the thanks
of all who are interested in the study of fishes. From the considerable
collection of marine and fresh-water fishes obtained by the Rev. Good,
the eleotrids and gobies have been turned over to me for study.

Boulenger placed all eleotrids in the genus Eleotris, and nearly all
gobies in the genus Gobius. This is an easy and simple method of dis-
posing of troublesome fishes, but it results finally in having a hodgepodge
of divergent and unrelated species spilled into a catch-all genus. In the
present paper several genera are proposed and defined, in order to
free the genera Eleotris and Gobius from species that cannot fit into
them.

ELEOTRIDAE

Batanga Herre, new genus

Head and body laterally compressed, strongly so posteriorly. Scales
ctenoid, except part of those on head; under a compound microscope
the opercular scales and part of those before the dorsal are ctenoid;
the preopercular scales and those on top of the head are cycloid. Head
much deeper than broad. Mouth moderate, teeth in both jaws in villi-
form bands; the teeth in the outer row in both the upper and lower
jaws are longer, very slender, and movable, becoming conspicuous in
large old specimens. No canines, no palatal teeth, and no preopercular
spine. The free tip of the tongue is truncate to emarginate.

Seales in longitudinal series 28 to 32, extending before the first
dorsal through the interorbital space. Dorsals close together, VII—
VIII—I—8 or 9; anal I—9. The second dorsal and anal both high,
longer than the head, and extending on the caudal when depressed.
The rounded caudal is also longer than the head.

Anal papilla large, flat, elliptical or somewhat pointed; a few large
25—Proo. Brow. 800. WasH., Vou. 59, 1946. (121)

j

122 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

old specimens (males?) have it very broad and relatively short, the wide
free end fimbriate.

Batanga is distinguished by its shape, scalation, dentition, and ver-
tical fins.

Type, Batanga lebretoni (Steindachner). Only known on the west
coast of Africa.

Bataanga lebretoni (Steindachner)

Dorsal VII—VIII—I—8 or 9; anal I—9; scales in longitudinal series
28-32, plus 4 small ones on the caudal base; transverse series 10 or 9;
predorsal scales 18-22.

Depth 3.9 to 4.3 in the length; the head and rounded caudal are
equal or nearly so, 3.2 to 3.4 in the length; the eye is lateral, 4 to 4.33
in the head. The mouth is moderate, the lower jaw slightly or not at
all projecting, the maxillary not reaching the eye. The first dorsal ex-
tends upon the second dorsal when depressed; the three posterior second
dorsal rays are much elongated, extending to or upon the caudal base;
the ultimate and penultimate anal rays are elongate, reaching or nearly
reaching the caudal.

The color is brown, with a longitudinal band of black vertical bars
along the side; some specimens have one, two, or three rows of black
spots above this; behind and above the upper angle of the gill opening,
and extending downward on the pectoral base, is a large black spot;
four dusky stripes radiate backward from the eye; a series of blackish
bands across the back, often much obscured; dorsals and caudal with
numerous transverse rows of dark brown spots, the anal uniform brown;
ventral more or less brown with the central rays more or less black;
pectoral colorless. Juvenile specimens have the anal nearly colorless,
with 3 brown longitudinal streaks; the ventral and pectorals colorless.

10 specimens, 37-44 mm. in length, from the Nkao, a very small
brackish stream flowing into the sea at Batanga.

15 specimens, 36-62 mm. in length, from a small stream flowing into
the ocean at Kribi.

A specimen, 37 mm. long, from a small stream at Moode.

Eleotris monteiri O’Shaughnessy

2 specimens, 74 and 83 mm. in length, from a small brackish stream,
Mbode, on coast 10 miles south of Batanga.

3 specimens, 36-44 mm. in length, from the Nkao, a very small brack-
ish stream emptying into the sea at Batanga.

1 specimen, 62 mm. in length, from a small stream emptying into
the sea north of Kribi.

Eleotris vittata Dumeril

3 specimens, 40-115 in length, from the Nkao, a very small brackish
stream emptying into the sea at Batanga.

2 specimens, 39 and 42 mm. in length, Dihane, on the Edea-Kribi
road, 20 miles from Kribi, and 15 miles from the sea.

1 specimen, 43 mm. long, from Ebunga, on the coast 6 miles south
of Batanga.

Herre—New Genera of Eleotridae and Gobudae 123

6 specimens, 65-93 mm. in length, from a small stream at Kribi.
4 specimens, 57 to 87 mm. in length, from the Bivusé, a small stream
fiowing into the sea, between Kribi and Lobé rivers.

Hanno Herre, new genus

The stout, somewhat elongate body is little compressed, low, the dorsal
profile horizontal, the head broad with depressed snout, the caudal
peduncle strongly compressed.

Dorsals—VI—-I—9, close together; anal I—8; vertical fins low;
caudal rounded, shorter than the head. Scales cycloid, small, becoming
very small anteriorly, 75-90 in longitudinal series and 33-35 in a trans-
verse series; predorsal scales 52-55, extending to snout; scales on opercle
and preopercle, and extending well out on caudal and pectoral fins.
Mouth large, maxillary extending beneath middle of the eye or be-
yond; lips thick, with double row of fimbriate papillae concealing the
outer teeth; upper jaw with 5, the lower with 4 rows of teeth, those of the
outer and inner rows in both jaws slightly enlarged; no palatal teeth,
no canines, and no preopercular spine. Under the lower jaw is a groove
containing a series of groups of papillae, a feature not observed in
any other eleotrid or gobioid fishes. Numerous transverse and longi-
tudinal rows of sensory papillae on the preopercle and opercle. Ventrals
rather narrow, well separated, shorter than the broad, rounded pectorals.
A black ocellus above on the basal part of the caudal fin.

The type is Hanno africanus (Steindachner). This fish, described as
an E£leotris and listed as such by various authors following Steindachner,
is manifestly not a member of the genus Lleotris.

Hanno, in honor of the great Carthaginian who circumnavigated
Africa more than 2,500 years ago.

Hanno africanus (Steindachner )

2 specimens, 68 and 84 mm. in length, from a small stream flowing
into the sea at Kribi.
1 specimen 132 mm. long, from Londji.

Kribia Herre, new genus

Body cylindrical to slightly compressed, the head broad, with pro-
jecting lower jaw. The maxillary extends beneath the anterior part
or middle of eye, the large mouth strongly oblique; bands of very small
teeth in both jaws; no canines and no palatal teeth. The free tip of the
tongue is broad and rounded. No preopercular spine.

32 to 35 ctenoid scales in longitudinal, 12 in transverse series; pre-
dorsal seales cycloid. The opercles covered with very small cycloid
scales, the rest of the head naked. Ridges of sensory papillae on the
cheeks and top of the head.

Dorsals VI—-I—8 (9), close together; anal I—7, opposite second
dorsal; vertical fins of moderate height; caudal rounded, shorter than
head. Ventrals narrow, wide apart. The thin flat anal papillae has the
tip broadly rounded. The gill opening is moderate, extending forward
beneath the posterior part of the preopercle.

The type of the genus is Kribia kribensis (Boulenger), first collected
from the Kribi River. Only known from Cameroon.

124 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Kribia kribensis (Boulanger)

Dorsal VI—I—8; anal I—7; 32-35 etenoid scales in longitudinal, 12
in transverse series; 10-14 cycloid predorsal scales, extending to a point
above the opercles.

The dorsal and ventral profiles are very slightly curved, the depth
4.7 to 5, the broad head 3. to 3.2, the rounded caudal about 4 times
in the length. The broad rounded snout equals the eye; the interorbital
is noticeably wider than the eye. The breadth of the head is two-thirds
of its length. The second dorsal and anal do not reach the caudal
when depressed. The broad pectoral % to 5/6 of the length of the
head, or 3.65 to 3.73 times in the length, and longer than the narrow,
widely separated ventrals.

The color in alcohol is dusky brown; some specimens with narrow
transverse pale lines which separate 5 or 6 poorly defined dark cross-
bands; a black crossband on the caudal base. Vertical fins black or
blackish, and more or less white-edged. Caudal dark brown, with
traces of pale crossbands. Pectorals and ventrals more or less suffused
with pale brown and specked with darker.

Described from 4 male specimens, 33 to 37 mm. in length, from the
Lobé river, Mabenanga, Batanga. A juvenile specimen, 27 mm. long,
was taken from the Mvas river, a tributary of the Ntem river, Campo.

GOBIIDAE
Ebomegobius Herre, new genus

Body naked, moderately plump, compressed posteriorly. The head
moderate, the oblique mouth large with projecting lower jaw, the
maxillary extending to beneath the middle of the eye, or below its hind
margin; teeth small, uniform, in bands in both jaws. Eyes small, very
close together, dorso-lateral, equal to the rather broad snout. Tongue
narrow, its free tip more or less emarginate or bilobed. Gill openings
very wide, extending forward to beneath the hind margin of the eye.

Dorsal VI—I—11-14; anal I—11-14. Pectorals broad, rather short;
ventrals long, with delicate and easily torn frenum; the round pointed
caudal much shorter than the head.

Type Ebomegobius goodi Herre, new species. Name derived from a
small stream, the Ebomé, where the specimen was caught.

Ebomegobius goodi Herre, new species

Dorsal VI—1-12; anal I—13. Body with protuberant belly, the pos-
terior half of the body laterally compressed. The depth equals the eau-
dal, 4.37, the head 3.18 times in the length. The eyes are high up, their
inner margins touching, equal to the snout in length, 7.33 times in the
head. The mouth is large, oblique, the prominent maxillary extending
beneath the hind margin of the eye, 2.29 times in the head. The upper
jaw has 4 rows, the lower jaw 3 rows of small uniform teeth. The
vertical fins are low and do not touch the caudal base when depressed,
nor does the first dorsal extend to the second dorsal. The first dorsal
and anal are about equal in height, 3.14 times, the second dorsal 2.75
times in the head. Pectorals rather short, 5.8, the large ventrals 4.1
times in the length. The anal papilla is tongue-like in shape.

Herre—New Genera of Eleotridae and Gobudae 125

The color in alcohol is uniform reddish brown, sprinkled with minute
black dots, which are coarsest on top of the head and about the dorsal
fins; all the fins are clear brown, more or less lightly sprinkled with
blackish dots; on the first dorsal is a black vertical band between the
fourth and fifth spines.

Here described from the type and only specimen, 35 mm. long. It
was taken by A. I. Good from the Ebomé, a small brackish stream at
Kribi. Type in Natural History Museum of Stanford University.

Named for A. I. Good, missionary and ardent collector of West Afri-
ean fishes.

Bathygobius fuscus (Riippell)

22 specimens, 29-65 mm. in length, from the Ebunja river in brackish
water, at Ebunja, on the coast 6 miles south of Batanga.

2 specimens, 45-48 mm. in length, from the mouth of the Kribi river,
Kribi.

8 specimens, 40-75 mm. in length, from the Ebomé, near Kribi.

3 specimens, 39-55 mm. in length, from brackish water, Bwanjo river,
Bwanjo.

Chonophorus guineensis (Peters)

11 specimens, 55-75 mm. in length, from the Nkao, a very small
brackish stream at Batanga.

7 specimens, 45-116 mm., from the Mbode, 10 miles south of Batanga.

One specimen, 110 mm. long, from the Bilobi, 40 miles from the ocean,
Njabilobi (Efulan).

5 specimens, 80-138 mm. in length, Kribi, Kribi river system.

2 specimens, 90 to 110 mm. in length, Kribi, from a small brackish
stream, the Ebome, the Kribi river system.

3 specimens, 55 to 96 mm. in length, from brackish water, Ebunja
river, Ebunja.

1 specimen, 77 mm. long, Mvase river, a tributary of Campo river,
Campo.

A specimen, 19 mm. long from a small brackish stream 10 miles south
of Batanga, on the coast at Mbode.

Coronogobius schlegeli (Giinther)

Dorsal VI—I—8; anal I—9; scales in longitudinal series 28, plus 3
more on the caudal base; transverse series 8. The body is laterally com-
pressed, the dorsal profile very little curved, the ventral outline gently
arched; the depth is 4.95 times in the length; the caudal and pectoral
are both pointed, of equal length, 2.85 times in the length. The head
is pointed, with prominent chin, 3.17 in the length, the cheeks more or
less tumid; the eyes are very high up, 4.25 times in the head, the inter-
orbital 3 in the eye; the snout equals the eye; the mouth is oblique, the
angle of the maxillary beneath the front margin of the eye; the teeth
are typical of the genus, with a well developed posterior canine. A row
of sensory pores descends from the posterior nostril to the middle of the
maxillary, where it gives off two branches which cross the preopercle
to its hind margin; behind the angle of the mouth it turns and crosses
the cheek parallel to the lines across the middle of the preopercle; above

126 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

it is a much smaller parallel line. Another line of pores runs around the
margin of the preopercle and along the lower margin of the jaw to the
symphysis. Several small lines of pores cross the opercle transversely
and diagonally two small lines of pores extend backward from the eye
a short distance; two others are on the snout. The vertical fins are of
moderate height, the second spine of the first dorsal 5 times in the
length; the longest second dorsal spine is 7.7, the longest anal spine 6.75
times in the length. The ventral is broad and long, with a strong
frenum, 4.5 times in the length. The least depth of the caudal peduncle
is 1.8 times in its own length.

The color in alcohol is brown, with 8 or 9 faint darker stripes over
the back, 8 black transverse lines on the lower third of the trunk, and
another one three scales behind; the fins are concolorous; a black spot
at the base of the first three rays of the second dorsal, and a black spot
on the upper part of the pectoral base; some longitudinal rows of black
spots are on the lower part of the caudal fin.

Here described from the following specimens:

1 specimen, 54 mm. long, collected from a small brackish stream, called
Nkao, at Batanga, Cameroon, Africa.

3 specimens, 38-50 mm. in length, from a brackish water stream at
Ebunja, on the coast 6 miles south of Batanga.

4 specimens, 39-56 mm. in length, from brackish water at the mouth
of the Kribi river, Kribi.

4 specimens, 51-60 mm. in length, from the Ebomé, a small brackish
stream at Kribi.

2 specimens, 41-46 mm. in length, from brackish water, the Ebunja
river, Ebunja.

3 specimens, 34-40 mm. in length, Bwanjo River, in brackish water,
Bwanjo.

Ctenogobius bequaerti (Fowler)

2 specimens, 31-36 mm., from a small stream emptying into the sea at
Kribi.

Ctenogobius thomasi (Boulanger)

6 specimens, 26-34 mm. in length, from the Nkao, a very small brackish
stream flowing into the sea at Batanga.

Nematogobius ansori Boulanger
1 specimen, 37 mm. long, from the Nkao, Batanga.

Oxyurichthys occidentalis (Boulenger)
2 specimens, 46 and 51 mm. long, from the Nkao, Batanga.

Sicydium brevifile Grant
9 specimens, 33-51 mm. in length, from the Lokunje river, Sepindi.

Periophthalmidae
Periophthalmus papilio Bloch and Schn.
13 specimens, 67-126 mm. in length, Londji.
2 specimens, 88-95 mm., from the Nkao, a small brackish stream at

Batanga.
1 specimen, 48 mm. long, from the brackish Bwanjo river, at Bwanjo.

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Vol. 59, pp. 129-136 October 25, 1946

PROCEEDINGS Zo pVAFORN,
OF THE “OC LIBRARY
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGYON ie

I,
CO, RECEIVED
Ly XN

NEW SUBSPECIES OF BIRDS FROM WESTER
NORTH AMERICA

By JoHN W. ALDRICH

During the past few years the writer’s studies have dealt
largely with collections of birds from the State of Washington.
In attempting satisfactorily to identify these specimens it has
been thought desirable to recognize additional races of some
of the species. Some of these have already been described in
previous papers. The purpose of the present paper is to de-
scribe formally the remainder in advance of the publication
of the complete report on the birds of Washington State.

Centrocercus urophasianus phaios, new subspecies
Western Sage Grouse

Type —Adult ¢, 259861, U. 8. National Museum (Fish and Wildlife
Service collection) ; Fremont, Oregon; August 21, 1914; L. J. Goldman,
original number, 106.

Subspecific characters—Similar to Centrocercus u. urophasianus of
the Great Plains and eastern Great Basin, but darker. White markings
reduced in area and grays darker and more brownish. The resultant
impression is a more dusky appearance above, on flanks and tarsal
feathering.

Geographic distribution—Permanent resident north to central-south-
ern British Columbia; west to central Washington, central Oregon, and
northeastern California; south to northeastern California; east to
southeast-central and northeastern Oregon (possibly central-western
Idaho) and central-eastern Washington.

Specimens examined.—Washington: Yakima River [9], Sept. 16,
1853; [4], Sept. 14, 1853; Spokane Plain [ ¢, 1853], head only. Oregon:
Freemont, ¢, Aug. 21, 1914; Blitzen Valley, Harney County, ¢, Oct.
11, 1934; Huntington, 9, May 22, 1916; Juntura, 2 [im.], July 9, 1916;
Mt. Warner, 2 [4], Sept. 23, 1914. California: Ravendale, ¢, Jan. 25,
2915. ~

Certhia familiaris caurina, new subspecies
Northwestern Brown Creeper

Type—Adult ¢, No. 367378, U. 8. National Museum (Fish and Wild-
life Service collection); Gotchen Creek Ranger Station, Mt. Adams,
Yakima County, Washington; May 16, 1942; Stanley G. Jewett, original
number, 1395.

26—Proc. Brov. Soo. WasH., Vou. 59, 1946. (139)

130 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Subspecific characters.——Similar to Certhia familiaris montana from

Arizona north to eastern Washington, but more brownish and buffy,
less grayish and whitish. Similar also to Certhia familiaris occidentalis,
of the Pacific coastal region from the islands of southeastern Alaska,
south to California, but more grayish, less rufescent above and less
buffy below. From Certhia familiaris zelotes of the Sierra Nevada and
southern Cascade Mountains it differs in being paler, with brown areas
lighter and black areas less extensive above.

Measurements.—Adult ¢ (16 specimens): wing, 58-66 (Av. 63.4)
mm.; tail, 56-65.5 (60.7); exposed culmen, 13-16 (15.2); tarsus, 14-16.8
(15.7); middle toe without claw, 11-12.3 (11.5). Adult Q@ (4 speci-
mens); wing, 58-63 (60.6); tail (59.5-63); exposed culmen, 12-14
(13.4); tarsus, 14.5-16 (15.4); middle toe without claw, 11-11.5 (11.3).

Geographic distribution.—Breeds on the east slopes of the Cascade
Mountains from northern Oregon northward to the mainland of Alaska.
Apparently partially permanent resident throughout its range, but at
least some of the birds migrate southward to California.

Remarks.—The above described population of brown creepers might
be considered merely as intergrades between the extremely grayish and
whitish race montana, and the extremely refuescent and relatively uni-
formly colored occidentalis. However, the large range occupied by this
variant with a relatively uniform appearance throughout necessitates
recognition as a separate subspecies.

Specimens examined.—Alaska: Head of Toklat River, —, Oct, 1907;
Susitma, ¢, Feb. 4, 1922; Cook Inlet, 9, Aug. 31, 1900, ¢, Apr. 8, 1892;
Yakutat, ¢ im., 2 im., July 18, 1895, ¢, ¢ im., July 19, 1895; Juneau,
6, Apr. 7, 1920. Washington: Whatcom County, Noosak River at
Swamp Creek, ¢, July 23, 1920; Whatcom Pass (between Chilliwack
Creek and the pass), ¢, July 30, 1920; Glacier, ¢, July 15, 1920;
Okanogan County, Hidden Lakes, ¢, Sept. 2, 1920; Bauerman Ridge, 9,
Sept. 11, 1920; Monument 83, U. 8S. Boundary, im., July 26, 1942, 9
im., Aug. 3, 1942; Aeneas, 2¢, Feb. 18, 1942; Ferry County, Swan Lake,
2, &, June 17, 1942, ¢, June 12, 1942; Ferry Lake, ¢, June 16,
1942, ¢, June 21, 1942; Snohomish County, Suiattle River, Chiwawa
Mt. Fork, 2, Aug. 4, 1918; Chelan County, Wenatchee Lake, ¢im.,
Aug. 19, 1918; Keechelus Lake, ¢, Aug. 15, 1897; Pierce County, Mt.
Rainier, Owyhigh Lakes, juv., Aug. 12, 1919 9 im., Sept. 1, 1919;
Yakima County, Bumping Lake, ¢ im., Aug. 28, 1917; Mt. Adams,
Bird Lake, 6, May 12, 1942, ¢ May 16, 1942, 4, July 17, 1942, ¢@ im.,
July 27, 1942; Yakima Indian Reservation, Signal Peak, ¢, July 26,
1917; Skamania County, Trout Lake, ¢, Oct. 5, 1941. Oregon: Port-
land, 4, Feb. 27, 1882; Warm Springs, 9, May 5, 1915; Anchor, 92,
Aug. 8, 1916; Fort Klamath, @, Dec. 15, 1882, ¢, Dec. 29, 1882, @,
April 14, 1883, @, Oct. 25, 1882. California: Freestone, ¢, Nov. 20,
1904; Quiney, ¢, Nov. 4, 1897.

Talmatodytes palustris pulverius, new subspecies

Northwestern Long-billed Marsh Wren

Type.—Adult 4, No. 262472, U. S. National Museum (Fish and Wild-
life Service collection) ; Sprague, Lincoln County, Washington; June 11,
1918; George G. Cantwell, original number, 175.

Aldrich—New Subspecies of Birds 131

Subspecijic characters—Similar to Telmatodytes palustris plesius from
the Rocky Mountain and eastern Great Basin regions, but duller, less
rufescent brown above and on flanks.

Measurements—Adult ¢ (14 specimens): wing, 50-57.5 (53.9); tail,
42.5-50 (45.6); exposed culmen, 12-13.8 (13.0); tarsus, 18.5-20.5 (19.8) ;
middle toe without claw, 12-14 (13). Adult 9 (8 specimens): wing, 49-
54.5 (51.1); tail, 42-46 (44.4); exposed culmen, 12-13.5 (12.6); tarsus,
18.5-20 (19.4); middle toe without claw, 11.5-13 (12.4).

Geographic distribution—The northwestern portion of the Great
Basin region from northeastern California and northwestern Nevada,
north to east-central Washington (Lincoln County).

Remarks.—Telmatodytes palustris pulverius is the dullest colored of
all the interior forms of the long-billed marsh wren. It is relatively
pale and rufescence is at a minimum. The contrast with the deeply
colored paludicola west of the Cascade Mountains is very pronounced.
T. p. plesius, which breeds somewhat farther east than pulverius in the
eastern Great Basin and Rocky Mountain region, is somewhat paler and
distinctly more rufescent. Two immature specimens from Lovelock in
northwest central Nevada are intermediate. The breeding marsh wren
of the Great Plains region north to Lake Athabaska (= laingi) is very
light and bright colored, being more rufescent than plesius. The type
specimen of Telmatodytes palustris iliacus Ridgway, which was apparent-
ly a migrant specimen from Wheatland, Indiana, matches these birds per-
feectly and laingi should be considered a synonym of illiacus.

Specimens examined.—Washington: Sprague, 2¢, June 11, ¢, June
18, 1918; Marshall, —, Oct. 5, 1890; Odessa, Sylvan Lake, 2¢ im., 9
im., June 20, 1918; Sulphur Lake, Franklin County, —, Nov. 4, 1941;
Lake Washtuena, ¢, Nov. 4, 1941. Oregon: Burns, 6, July 7, 1896;
Harney County, 9, Dec. 10, 1914; Klamath Falls, @ im., Aug. 28, 1916.
California: Tule Lake, ¢ im., 2 im., July 6, 1899; Marysville, —, 1877;
Sunset Beach, Orange Co., 2, Dec. 27, 1916, 9, Jan. 24, 1917, —, Jan.
28, 1921, 9, Feb. 7, 1916, ¢, Feb. 27, 1917.

Catherpes mexicanus griseus, new subspecies
Northern Canyon Wren

Type.—Adult ¢, Br.; No. 367804, U. S. National Museum (Fish and
Wildlife Service collection); Logy Creek, Yakima Indian Reservation,
Yakima County, Washington; April 20, 1943; Stanley G. Jewett, original
number 1603.

Subspecific characters.—Similar to Catherpes mexicanus conspersus of
the Great Basin region, but more grayish, less rufescent both above and
below. Similar also to C. m. punctulatus of California west of the Sierra
Nevadas, but paler and more grayish. .

Measurements.—Adult ¢ (14 specimens): wing, 57-62 (60.2); tail,
47.5-54 (51.1); exposed culmen, 18-21 (19.9); tarsus, 17.5-19 (18.4);
middle toe without claw, 13-15 (13.8).

Geographic distribution.—Permanent resident in eastern Washington
and eastern Oregon.

Remarks.—From the material available to me Catherpes mezxicanus
punctulatus seems like a very distinct race and I cannot concur with
Grinnell and Behle (Condor, 37: 247, 1935) in lumping it with consper-

132 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

sus. Specimens in the U. 8S. National Museum from California west of
the Sierra Nevadas (punctulatus) are markedly and consistently darker
and more brownish, less refuscent, than a series from the Great Basin
east of the Sierra Nevadas. Catherpes mexicanus griseus is a pale form
and is more grayish than either conspersus or punctulatus. The differ-
ences in these three races are equally obvious in fresh autumn, worn
breeding, and immature plumage.

Specimens examined.—Oregon: Mt. Vernon, ¢, July 1, 1915; Crane,
é, July 28, 1916; Homestead, ¢, June 17, 1916; Malheur Cave, ¢,
Oct. 6, 1916. Washington: Yakima County, Logy Creek, 2¢, April 20,
1943; Yakima, 9, April 15, 1928; Wenatches, ¢, June 28, 1934;
Almota, ¢, April 17, 1904, ¢ im., Aug. 21, 1895, ¢ im., Aug. 22, 1895,
6 im., July 24, 1903; ¢@ im., Sept. 4, 1920; Wishram, ¢, Nov. 10, 1941;
Rogersburg, 2, May 31, 1918.

Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa, new subspecies
Western Catbird

Type—Adult 6, No. 262173, U. S. National Museum (Fish and
Wildlife Service collection), Colville Lake, Sprague, Washington; June
10, 1918; Walter P. Taylor, original number, 294.

Subspecific characters—Similar to Dumetella carolinensis carolinensis
of Virginia and other eastern states, but lighter colored below. This is
particularly noticeable on the abdomen, which shows more whitish in
contrast to the chest, and on the crissum, which is Russet instead of Bay.
There is no significant difference in size.

Measurements.—Adult ¢ (23 breeding specimens from west of the
Great Plains): wing, 86.5-97 (91.1); tail, 91-104 (96.2); exposed eul-
men, 15-17 (16). Adult 2 (13 breeding specimens from west of the
Great Plains): wing, 83.5-93.5 (8..4); tail, 88.5-97.5 (93.5); exposed
eulmen, 15.5-17 (16.1).

Geographic distribution.—Breeds north to southwestern British Colum-
bia and Montana; east to northeast-central North Dakota (Devils Lake)
and central-northern New Mexico (Rinconada); south to central-eastern
Arizona (Springerville) ; west to north-central Utah (Provo), northeast
central Oregon (Mt. Vernon), and central-southern Washington (Trout
Lake). Migrates south through Mexico and to the West Indies.

Remarks.—A disconcerting fact that was soon evident in the course
of studying eatbird specimens is that in old specimens the brown color
of the under tail coverts of eastern birds tends to fade and approach
those of western specimens. Specimens collected prior to 1900 are
quite unreliable in this respect, some retaining the deeper tones while
others are very rufescent exactly. like western specimens.

Specimens examined.—British Columbia: Chilliwack, ¢, June 3, 1889.
Washington: Odessa, 2, June 19, 1918; Trout Lake, ¢, Aug. 17, 1918,
Q, Aug. 28, 1918; Stehekin, 9, July 20, 1918; Sprague, ¢, June 10,
1918; Spokane Bridge, @ im., Aug. 138, 1895; Anatone, 9, June 26,
1919. Oregon: Mt. Vernon, ¢, June 30, 1915. Utah: Provo, 92, July
30, 1872; Ogden, ¢, June 18, 1872; Salt Lake, Strawberry Island, 9,
June 12, 1869; mouth of Bear River, —, May 28, 1915. Idaho: Shelley,
3, July 28, 1911; Idaho City, ¢, June 17, 1910; Blackfoot, —, July 7,
1890, ¢, July 10, 1890; American Falls, ¢, June 1, 1911. Montana:

Aldrich—New Subspecies of Birds 133

Lismas, 9, June 25, 1919; Geyser, —, Aug. 14, 1919; Livingston, ¢,
July 5, ¢, July 6, 1917; Glasgow, ¢, June 21, 1910, June 7, 1919; Big
Timber, ¢, June 25, 1917, 9, June 6, 1918; Terry, 9, June 12, 9, July
2, 6, 2, July 3, 1916; Reese Creek, Gallatin County, ¢, Aug. 14, 1888;
Hilger, 9, July 31, 1919; Fort Logan, 2, Aug. 25, 2¢, 29, Aug. 30,
1919; Dillon, 2¢, Aug. 10, 1917. Wyoming: Laramie, 2¢, summer,
1875; Moran, 2, Sept. 13, 1910; Fort Bridger, ¢, May 21, 1858; Valley,
Q, July 11, 1910; Greybull, ¢, June 8, ¢, June 11, 2, June 13, 1910;
Fort Steele, ¢, May 24, 1911; Fort Fetterman, ¢, June 4, 1878.
Colorado: Colorado Springs, ¢, June 9, 1883. Arizona: Springerville,
6, June 7, 1915; Tunitcha Mountains, 9, June 25, 1927. New Mezico:
Rinconada, ¢, 9, June 4, 1904. North Dakota: Oakdale, ¢, July 1,
1913; Turtle Mountains, ¢, July 23, 1873; Devils Lake, Graham Island,
é, Sept. 21, 1903. Texas: Point Bolivar, 9, April 22, 1907. Vera
Cruz: Papanita, 9, March 6, 1898; Tres Zapotes, 9, Jan. 17, 1940.
Mexico: Metlaltoyueca, ¢, Feb. 22, 2, Feb. 23, 1898. Tabasco: Fron-
tera, 9, March 5, 1900. Yucatan: (G. F. Gaumer specimen). Louisiana:
Jefferson Parish, Southport, 9, Jan. 13, 1900. Cuba: Port Tanamo, 9,
March 2, 1930.

Spinus pinus vagans, new subspecies
Western Pine Siskin

Type.—Adult ¢, No. 228860, U. S. National Museum (Fish and Wild-
life Service collection) ; Edna, Idaho; June 21, 1910; Stanley G. Jewett,
original number, 109.

Subspecific characters—Similar to Spinus p. pinus, but lighter in
coloration. Less heavily streaked with black above and below, and
ground color of dorsal region lighter and more buffy, less brownish.
Similar also to Spinus pinus macropterus, but smaller in wing and tail
measurements. More heavily streaked with black above and below, and
ground color of dorsal region lighter and more buffy, less brownish.

Measurements—Adult ¢ (18 breeding specimens): wing, 68-75
(71.6); tail, 42-47 (44.9); exposed culmen, 9.3-11.5 (10.3); tarsus,
14-15 (14.6); middle toe without claw, 10-12 (11.1). Adult @ (7 breed-
ing specimens): wing, 67.5-73 (69.9); tail, 41-46 (43.9); exposed cul-
men, 9.8-11 (10.4); tarsus, 14-15 (14.7) middle toe without claw, 10.5-
11.3 (10.8).

Geographic distribution—Breeds in coniferous forests of western
North America from the Pacific coast region north to southern Alaska,
and south to northern Baja California, eastward normally to the Rocky
Mountains from Canada to northern Mexico. Apparently breeds farther
east during years of excessive wandering to Ontario, Wisconsin, Michi-
gan, and Ohio.

Remarks.—The vagrant habits of this species makes the separation of
races difficult. It is more than ever necessary to have definitely breeding
material for comparison. I was fortunate in having a good series of
breeding specimens from various parts of the west, as well as from the
east (Newfoundland south to the Great Smoky Mountains). In these
series the differences were uniform and striking. In large series of
specimens in fresh autumn plumage from east and west the differences
were equally well marked, although not as constant. The western pine

134 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

siskin evidently invades the eastern States in large numbers in certain
years, evidenced by the specimens of this form from New York, Mary-
land, Virginia, and the District of Columbia, particularly in the winters
of 1882-83 and 1887-88. The eastern race wanders into the range of
Spinus pinus vagans, even to western Washington, and is represented
by three December specimens from South Park and Ravenna, Washing-
ton, in the U. S. National Museum. Spinus pinus macropterus wanders
up from Mexico after the breeding season as far as New Mexico, judging
from 2 specimens from that State (Bosque Del Apache, near Socorro,
Aug. 17, 1942, and Questa, Aug. 15, 1904), in the U. S. National Mu-
seum collection.

Specimens examined.—Alaska: Cook Inlet, Tyoonok, 2, Sept. 22, 1900;
St. Paul Island, Sept. 24, 1917; Keku Pass, Nov. 19, 1919; Kodiak, June
4, 1894, July 4, July 3 (5), July 20, and July 1, 1899; Juneau, April 5,
1920; Douglas Island, near Juneau, Jan. 9, 1920; off Pribilof Islands,
Aug. 19, 1893; Sitka, Aug. 5, 1895; Lake Iliamna, Iliamna Village,
July 13, 1902. British Columbia: Goldstream, May 15, May 14, 1895;
North Fork, Moose River, July 21, 1911. Washington: Vancouver,
April 13, 1892; Trout Lake, Skamania County, 2, Oct. 2, 1941; South
Park, King County, 8, Dec. 1, 1894, 2, Dee. 12, 1894; Shoalwater Bay,
Oct. 12, 1854, 1, no date; Ridgefield, April 3, 1941; Yakima Indian
Reservation, Signal Peak, July 27, 1917; Mt. Vernon, 4, Dec. 18, 1895;
Mt. Adams, southeast slope, Aug. 29, 1943; Semiahmoo Bay, Oct. 10,
California: Eureka, 2, March 27, 1899, March 25, 1902; Hay-
wards, 2, April 8, March 30, 1902; Mt. Shasta, Aug. 26, 1902; Marys-
ville, no date; Walker’s Basin, Nov. 5, 1875; South Yollo Bolly Moun-
tain, July 26, 1905; Fort Crook, March 19, April 10, 1860; Pescadero,
Feb. 19, 1894; Nevada, Oct. 1872; Humboldt Bay, 2, Dec. 4, 1885, June
12, 1899; St. Helens, 2, Dec. 23, 1897, Jan. 5, 1898; Beryessa, Feb. 26,
1890, Dec. 23, 1889; Smith River, Del Norte County, Oct. 9, 1905;
Placerita Canon, 3, April 23, 1921; Big Trees, Aug. 10, 1878; Fort
Tejon, no date; Eel River, near South Yolla Bolly Mountains, Aug. 6,
1905; Temescal Mountains, Feb. 23, 1889. Oregon: Seaside, Sept. 8,
1905; Philomath, 3, March 8, 1919; Fort Klamath, 3, Oct. 4, 1882, 2,
Oct. 3, 1882; Corvallis, June 1, 1920. New Mexico: Cinequilla, March
31, 1904; Fort Wingate, March 6, 1885; Manzano Mountains, 2, Oct. 8,
1903; Zuni Mountains (Mt. Sedgwick), June 23, 1909; Capitan Moun-
tains, Aug. 20, 1903; Arroyo Seco, 3, Jan. 28, 1904; Cantonment Burg-
win, March 27, 1860; Big Hachita Mountains, Grant County, May 22,
1892. Wyoming: Sierra Madre Mountains, June 20, 1911; Fort Steele,
May 27, 1911; Pahaska Tepee, Grinnell Creek, July 29, 1910; Jackey’s
Creek, 3 miles south of Dubois, May 13, 1910; Laramie, no date; Bull
Lake, Aug. 21, 1893; Fort Bridger, 2, June 16, 1858. Texas: Frijole,
June 14, 1939; Presidio County, May 24, 1890. Montana: Highwood
Mountains, 2, Aug. 27, 1910; Poison Creek, 10 mi. S. E. Livingston,
July 1, 1917; West of Boulder Creek, 18 mi. S. E. Livingston, June 27,
1917; Pass Creek, Gallatin County, Aug. 26, 1888. Idaho: Bannock
Mountains, Swan Lake, July 8, 1911; Edna, June 21, 1910; Resort, July
30, 1913; Little Blackfoot River, Aug. 21, 1860. Utah: Promontory
Point, Oct. 14, 1914; Pine Valley Mountains, Oct. 13, 1909. Nevada:
East Humboldt Mountains, Sept. 5 and 8, 1868. Arizona: Mt. Thomas,

Aldrich—New Subspecies of Birds 135

White Mountains, July 30, 1915; Fort Verde, 6, Jan. 25, 1888; Williams,
May 26, 1927; Mount Graham, Sept. 21, 1874; Graham Mountains, Ash
Creek, May 11, 1914, April 23, 1914; Pine Springs, Nov. 15, 1884; Fort
Huachuca, May 16, 1892; Alpine, Apache County, Sept. 19, 1914; San
Francisco Mountains, Aug. 31, 1889. Colorado: Fort Garland, May 29,
1873; Pueblo, Dec. 1, 1890; Park of the Peaks, west of Denver, July,
1867; Colorado Springs, May 26, 1883. Chihuahua: Colonia Garcia, 15
mi, W., Feb. 29, 1904. Coahwila: Sierra Guadalupe, April 23, 1902;
Nuevo Leon: Mesa del Chipinque, Feb. 14, 1938, March 20, 1939. Lower
California: La Paz, March 3, 1882; Hansen Laguna, 3, June 8, 1905;
Sierra Guadalupe, 2, April 23, 1902; Vallecitos, July 14 and 17, 1905.
District of Columbia: Washington, 4, Jan. 29, 1888, Feb. 12, 1888, 4,
Jan. 22, 1888. Maryland: Laurel, Feb. 25, 1879. Virginia: Rosslyn,
May 19, 1888; Ballston, Nov. 8, 1887; Arlington, Oct. 24, 1889. Geor-
gia: Liberty County, no date. New York: West Point, Oct. 30, 1899,
Feb. 11 and March 3, 1900; Highland Falls, March 9, 1883; Fort Mont-
gomery, Feb. 6, 1878. Wisconsin: Outer Island, Sept. 10 and 11,
1919; Mamie Lake, Vilas County, June 12 and 18, 1918. North Dakota:
Dawson, Sept. 11, 1922. Illinois: Milton Township, DuPage County,
Sept. 26, 1896; Mount Carmel, April 21, 1869. Michigan: Escanaba,
June 8, 1883. Manitoba: Western Manitoba, no date. Massachusetts:
Belmont, 2, Oct. 17, 1880. Ohio: Rockport, July, 1849. West Virginia:
White Sulphur Springs, Nov. 6, 1936. Maine: Westbrook, 2, Dee. 21,
1891. Ontario: Elmsdale, May 24, 1897.

Fish and Wildlife Service, U. S. Department of the Interior, Washing-
ton, D. C., May 20, 1946.

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Vol. 59, pp. 187-138 October 25, 1946

Mise Ps,
pLIFORN,
LIBRARY
NOV 5= 7945
% RECEIVED

PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHIN

Cogs

)

A NEW COTTON RAT FROM VIRG

By MARSHALL C, GARDNER

During the course of a revision of the North American cot-
ton rats (Genus Sigmodon) a hitherto unrecognized subspecies
was discovered. It is described as follows:

Sigmodon hispidus virginianus, subsp. nov.
Virginia Cotton Rat

Type specimen.—Adult 9, skin and skull, No. 273535, U. S. National
Museum (Biological Surveys collection) ; collected January 30, 1943, by
John B. Lewis; original number, 705; Biological Surveys Miscellaneous
No. 31384X.

Type locality.—Triplet, altitude 160 feet, Brunswick County, Virginia.

Geographic range.——As yet undetermined, but probably includes the
southern portions of Mecklenburg and Brunswick counties in Virginia.
Carolinian province (Dice) and Carolinian life zone.

Diagnostic characters.—A smaller, more blackish-gray subspecies, most
closely allied to Sigmodon hispidus hispidus, but less brown. Hind feet
average grayer. Skull about as in S. h. hispidus but smaller.

Color.—Upper parts raw umber brown mixed with black; sides buffy
brown; hind feet averaging neutral gray; tail blackish above, grayish
below; under parts neutral gray to whitish gray.

Skull.—Similar to that of S. h. hispidus but smaller.

Measurements.—Type: Total length, 239; tail vertebrae, 93; hind
foot, 31. Skull (type): Condylobasal length, 31.1; length of anterior
palatine foramina, 7.2; palatal bridge, 6.1; nasals, 12.8; zygomatic
breadth, 19.1; least interorbital breadth, 4.9; cranial breadth, 13.4
mixillary tooth row, 6.3.

Remarks.—When compared with Sigmodon hispidus hispidus from
North Carolina this new subspecies averages smaller and more blackish

gray.

_ Specimens examined.—Six, from the following localities in Virginia:
Triplet (type locality), 5; Clarksville, 1.

Fish and Wildlife Service, U. S. Department of the Interior, Washington,
D. C., June 13, 1946.

27—Proc. Biot. Soc. WASH., Vou. 59, 1946. (187)

Vol. 59, pp. 139-142 October 25, 1946

5 1946
PROCEEDINGS fo,priTORN,
OF THE LIBRARY

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 5) 5 saya

of, ba)

C RECEIVED xj

4 ¢
Emy of sci

ON FOUR MILLIPEDS FROM GEORGIA
AND MISSISSIPPI

By RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN

In two small collections of diplopods recently sent me for
identification the four new species here described were found
represented.

The first of these collection was made by P. W. Fattig in Georgia and
contains the types of the two new species of the Xystodesmid genus
Epeloria. Other species represented are Spirostrephon lactarium (Say),
Euryurus erythropygus (Brandt), and Dixidesmus humilidens Cham-
berlin.

The second collection was made. at Pass Christian, Mississippi, by J.
and W. Rapp and in Illinois and Tennessee by Wm. F. Rapp, Jr., and
was transmitted by the last named collector. It contains the types of
the new species of the Xystodesmid genus Hurymerodesmus and of the
Polydesmid genus Dixidesmus. Additional forms represented are Pseudo-
polydesmus serratus (Say) and Nopoiulus minutus (Brandt) from
Urbana, Ill.; Euryurus ergthropygus (Brandt) from Shawnee National
Forest, Ill.; and Pseudopolydesmus serratus (Say) and P. euthetus
Chamberlin from Reelfoot Lake, Tenn. .

The types of the new species are retained in the author’s collection at
the University of Utah.

Epeloria dela, new species ;

A smaller form than £. talapoosa, the generotype, from which it
differs in the details of the male genopods. In the telopodite of ‘these
the apical branches are obviously unequal in size with the larger one
somewhat lamellate, and of the form shown in the accompanying figure.
Another readily detected difference is in the presence of a lateral tooth
or spine on the basal process which is lacking in EF. talapoosa. (Figs. 1
and 2.)

None of the sternites spined.

The dorsum is brown with the borders of the keels yellow, some show-
ing within the yellow border a somewhat reddish area.

Width of the male holotype, 7 mm.

Locality—Georgia: Morgan, at Cordrays Pond. The male holotype
and female allotype were taken April 4, 1946, by P. W. Fattig.

Epeloria leiacantha, new species

A somewhat smaller form than £. dela to which it is closest in form of
the gonopods of the male. It differs, however, in lacking the lateral

28—-Proc. Biou. Soc. WASH., Vou. 59, 1946. (139)

140 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

tooth on the basal spine and in the more robust form of the telopodite
as shown in the accompanying figure. (Fig. 3.)

Sternites not spined. No coxal spines, but those of femora well de-
veloped as usual.

The dorsum is brown, with borders of keels and covered portion of
prozonites yellow. Legs and lower parts of segments yellow.

Width, 6.2 mm.

Locality—Georgia: Decatur Co., Spring Creek.

One male taken April 3, 1946.

Eurymerodesmus christianus, new species

This species seems to be set off very clearly from others so far known
by the length of the apical beak or prolongation of the telopodite of
the male gonopods, the beak in its form being otherwise nearest that
of E. lowisianae Chamberlin. It is further distinct in the number and
arrangement of the setae on the telopodite as shown in the accompanying
figure. (Fig. 4.)

The male lacks sternal processes on the sixth somite.

The venter, sides, keels and background of the dorsum yellow, the
tergites incompletely covered with a network of brown which is denser
across posterior part of prozonites and anterior border of metazonites.
In the types the legs and antennae are also yellow.

Width, about 2.5 mm.

Locality—Mississippi: Pass Christian. Four specimens taken Feb.
16, 1946, by J. and W. Rapp.

Dixidesmus christianus, new species

Dorsum dark brown or in part somewhat chestnut with the keels light.
Legs brown and antennae dark brown.

A typical tergite with the usual rounded swelling at base of each
keel. The 6 tubercles of the posterior row distinct, those of adjacent
row less well defined, while those in front of the sulcus are absent or
obscure. Serrations of keels fine but distinct.

Sternal processes at bases of anterior legs of the sixth segment cylin-
drical and well developed, those of the eighth segment but little devel-
oped.

Distinguished by the details of the gonopods of the male as repre-
sented in the accompanying figure. (Fig. 5.)

Length of male holotype, 19.5 mm; width 3.2 mm.

Locality—Mississippi; Pass Christian. One male (holotype), three
females and several immature syecimens taken Feb. 15, 1946, by J. and
W. Rapp.

EXPLANATION OF FIGURES ON PLATE XII

Epeloria dela, n. sp. Fig. 1. Right gonopod of male, a little ectad of
ventral view. Fig. 2. Basal spine of left gonopod, lateral view.

Epeloria leiacantha, n. sp. Fig. 3. Right gonopod of male, aspect a
little ectad of ventral.

Dixidesmus christianus, n. sp. Fig. 4. Ectal aspect of telopodite of male
gonopod.

Eurymerodesmus christianus, n. sp. Fig. 5. Mesal aspect of telopodite
of male gonopod.

Proc. Biou. Soc. WasH., Vou. 59

PuatTs XT]

[ 141 ]

Vol. 59, pp. 143-154 October 23, es
L ‘@)
PROCEEDINGS Ap ORNTN

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BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHIN ! ON NOV 5~ 7946,

a)
4, RECEIVED Rey
Emy oF so&
THE NEW GUINEA SPECIES OF CULEX (CULICIO-

MYIA), WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW
SPECIES*

By Wiuwarp V. Kine, Colonel
and Harry HoogstraaL, Captain, Sn.C., AUS

The members of this subgenus have unicolorous sealing of
the tarsi, proboscis and scutum, and a lower mesepimeral
bristle is present. They are usually of about medium size.
The main characteristic of the subgenus is the presence of a
row of long, translucent, modified scales extending ventro-
laterally from the apical portion of the long segment of the
male palpus. Usually also there are some broad flat scales
on the head vertex, no scales on the pleurites, and a spiny
rest on the male style. One species, C. pullus, a ground-pool
breeder, is one of the most commonly encountered species of
Culex in New Guinea, and both this species and C. fragilis

are widely distributed. Neither is of any importance as pests
so far as known.

Only five species are definitely known at present from New Guinea.
An Indian species, C. pallidothoraz, was listed from New Guinea by
Bonne-Webster (1938) but without any description of specimens and
the records are possibly attributable to C. pullus.

Culex (Culiciomyia) nailoni new species

MALE.—Head: Proboscis slightly longer than fore femur, dark
scaled. Palpus longer than proboscis by length of apical segment, dark
scaled, with long bristles on apical two segments; a row of at least five
long, curved, pale, modified scales arising from ventrolateral surface
toward apex of long segment. Antenna with dense long hair whorls.
Vertex with a small median triangular area of narrow pale brown scales
not reaching eyes; remainder of vertex, border of eyes and lateral sur-
face of head with broad pale scales; a patch of brownish upright forked
scales posteriorly. Thorax: Scutum clothed with fine brownish scales;
two narrow bare submedian lines extending almost to antescutellar space.

“Prom the 19th Medical General Laboratory, U. 8. Army. Contribution No. 10
from the Entomology-Mammology Department.

29—Proo. Brow. S800. WasH., Vou. 59, 1946. (148

144 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Scutellum with narrow brownish scales on each lobe. Posterior pronotum
with fine, hairlike scales on upper third. Pleurites pale yellowish with-
out seales or dark markings; mesepimeron with a single long, median,
lower bristle. Wings with the lateral scales of veins 2 to 4 long, linear,
those at the tips of the forked cells slightly broadened; first forked cell
about 1.5 times length of its stem, arising slightly closer to base of
wing than second; posterior cross vein closer to base of wing than
mid by a little more than its own length. Length of wing 2mm. Inner
surface of the femora with a narrow line of pale scales, the legs other-
wise uniformly dark; fore and mid tarsal claws subequal, the larger
ones toothed. Abdomen: Tergites uniformly clothed with dark scales.
Hypopygium (fig. 1): Coxite about twice as long as mid width, unsealed ;
inner border with a row of closely set strong setae. Subapical lobe (SA)
prominent, apically with a heavy rod and five flattened pointed spines;
at base a stout rod on ventral side and a slender flattened spine on dorsal
side. Apicoventral lobe (AV) slender, clothed with small hairs, the
apex with an enlongate somewhat flattened rod. Style (S) a little more
than half as long as coxite, strongly curved, slightly swollen basally
and constricted medially, tapered to a pointed reflex tip; crest not
spinose; a small patch of fine hairs on inner margin subbasally, outer
margin and crest with several short hairs; appendage subapical, blunt.
Paraproct moderately sclerotized apically, without the usual tuft of hairs
and row of blunt spines on crest, having instead five or six long, closely
appressed, pointed spines, at the base of which on the inner margin is &
slender, weak extension bearing a few minute hairs; lateral arm short.
slightly curved. Phallosome long and slender; lateral plate elongate,
rounded at tip, simple except for a small sub-basal ventral tooth; basal
process narrow, curved, pointed, nearly half as long as lateral plate.
Ninth tergite with shoulders slightly rounded, well separated, each
bearing a few weak setae.

FEMALE.—Similar to male except as follows: Antenna slightly longer
than proboscis, with five or six short bristles arising from the base of
each flagellar segment, pale hairs over entire surface; palpi not
quite one-fourth length of probocis; first fork cell a little more than
twice the length of its stem; lateral scales toward tips of veins 2 to 4
distinctly broadened. ie

LARVA (fig. 6)—Head: Broader than long, very lightly pigmented.
Antenna about three-fifths as long as head, with numerous heavy spines
on basal three-fourths; a narrow darkly pigmented ring basally; tuft
about two-thirds from base; subapical bristles arising well before apex.
Preclypeal spines slender, about a third the length of antenna. Head
hairs arising posterior to base. of antenna, plumose, A with 6 to 8
branches, B and C double; d fine, single, anterior and internal of B;
e bifid, f three-branched. Abdomen: Segment I with the upper lateral
hair 3-branched, the lower single; lateral hair of II 3-branched, III
single or with 2 or 3 branches, IV double, V 2-3 branched, VI and VII
single (the hairs on I and II much stouter and darker than on other
segments). Comb of segment VIII a triangular patch of 27 to 37 long,
narrow scales, apically rounded and fringed; pentad hair 1 with five or
six plumose branches, 2 and 4 single, 3 with five plumose branches, 5
with three or four plumose branches. Siphon rather long and narrow,

King—The New Guinea Species of Culex 145

the apex about half as wide as base, index about 5:1, the surface covered
with rows of fine spicules; a prominent acus present; pecten with 18 to
25 teeth on basal two-fifths, each tooth with a few stout denticles on one
side; four or five pairs of branched hairs on apical half of siphon, the
first three pairs longer than the diameter of the siphon at the point where
they arise. Anal segment encircled by saddle; surface of saddle covered
with rows of small spicules, the posterior border with short spines;
lateral hair single or double; dorsal subcaudal hair single or double,
ventral one single; anal gills equal, slender, pointed, about one and a
half times as long as saddle.

Holotype—Male (459), reared from larva taken from crab hole in
rain forest, elevation 250 feet, Hollandia, Netherlands New Guinea, 22
December 1944 (W. T. Nailon, Collector). Allotype—Female (459),
same data. Paratypes.—Six males, 13 females, 12 larvae, and 3 larval
exuviae (459), same data as above. Holotype, allotype, and paratypes
deposited in the United States National Museum; other paratypes to be
deposited in the Museum of the Division of Economie Entomology, Coun-
eil for Scientific and Industrial Research, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia.

On external characters, this species is separable from other Culiciomyia
of New Guinea by its small size combined with a lack of pleural and
abdominal markings. The peculiar development of the paraproct (which
is reminiscent of some species of Lophoceraomyia) appears to be unique
in the subgenus, while the absence of a spiny crest on the style is un-
usual. C. bailyi Barraud, of India, which is similar in the latter respect,
differs in having a banded abdomen, a dark stripe across the upper part
of the pleura and in several genitalic characters.

Only one collection of this species was made at Hollandia, though
it is probably more elusive than rare. Aedes (Pseudoskusea) lunulatus
King and Hoogstraal and Aedes (Aedes) sp. were taken from the same
erab hole at the same time. The species is named for Sergeant William
T. Nailon, the collector.

Culex (Culiciomyia) fuscicinctus new species

MALE.—Similar in size and general appearance to C. nailoni except
as follows: narrow scales of head yellowish, covering almost all of
vertex; flat scales reduced, limited to a short line laterally on eye
margin; no scales on posterior pronotum (three bristles on posterior
border); pleurites pale with two brownish stripes, one beginning
on the posterior pronotum and continuing across the upper part
of the sternopleuron and mesepimeron, the other beginning on pro-
pleuron and extending across onto the lower portion of the mesepimeron ;
propleuron with about six bristles; femora largely pale beneath for
entire length; lateral scales of veins 2 to 4 linear, slightly broad-
ened towards tips of 2.1 and 2.2; first fork cell about one and a
third times as long as its stem, its base about level with that of the
second; abdominal tergites with small basal lateral spots of pale scales.
Wing length 2mm. Hypopygium (fig. 2): Coxite about a third longer
than its midwidth; apicoventral lobe prominent, with a closely set pair
of stout rods, one heavily sclerotized, arising from its apex, a group of
about 15 flattened setae below these; subapical lobe inapparent but in
its usual position a stout blunt rod, a lanceolate leaflet and a flattened

146 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

spine, a patch of uniform setae external to these. Style slightly more

than half as long as coxite, the base greatly enlarged and finely pilose,
the apical portion tapered to an upturned pointed tip; erest with six
or seven retrorse spiny platelets; two papillated hairs on apical third;
apendage slightly subapical, long, bluntly rounded. Paraproct sclerotized,
the crown with a row of blunt spines and a tuft of hairs; lateral arm
short and blunt. Phallosome (damaged in mount) apparently simple
in structure without teeth. Ninth tergite with slightly rounded lobes
bearing several small setae.

HOLOTYPE.—Male, collected by the writers in a light trap operated
in the laboratory clearing, elevation 250 feet, Hollandia, Netherlands
New Guinea, 4 April 1945. Female and larva unknown. The holotype is
deposited in the United States National Museum.

On the combination of genitalic characters (enlarged base of style,
two apical spines and patch of flattened setae on coxite, and short
lateral arm of the paraproct) this species is very distinct among the
described species. It is separable otherwise from other New Guinea
species by the small amount of flat scales on the eye margins, presence
of basal lateral spots on the abdominal tergites, two brownish stripes
across pleurites, and, except for C. nailoni, by its small size.

Culex (Culiciomyia) papuensis (Taylor)

Melanoconion papuensis Taylor, 1914. Trans. Ent. Soe. London, p. 201.
(Type female, Papua, Lakekamu Gold Field.)

Culex (Culiciomyia) papuensis Taylor. Edwards, 1924, Bull. Ent. Res.
14:397 (in part).

This species has been confused with C. fragilis as the females of the
two forms are similar in appearance. The male genitalia and the larvae
of the two, however, are found to be very distinct. An examination
by the senior author in 1944 of the type female in the University of
Sydney (through the kindness of Mr. F. W. Taylor) showed it to be the
same as females reared by ourselves and others from larvae having an
inflated airtube. An illustration of the male genitalia of C. papwensis
by Brug (Bull. Ent. Res., 17:82, 1926) is not recognizable either as
this species or C. fragilis (only four spines are shown on the subapical
lobe and the paraproct lacks a lateral arm).

The following description of the male hypopygium and larva, not
previously described, is based on reared material from Hollandia, Nether-
lands New Guinea, and Dobodura, Papua. ,

Hypopygium (fig. 3): Coxite about twice as long as mid width; apico-
ventral lobe (AV) large, bearing a cluster of about a dozen curved
modified bristles; subapical lobe (SA) prominent, with two groups of
structures, the first consisting of a stout spine and two longer, apically
curved and flattened rods, the second group a pair of stout spines one
of which is flattened leaflike; a dense patch of long fine hairs at side
of lobe near base of style. Style (S) about three fourths as long as
coxite, curved and upturned at tip, the crest with a row of from four
to seven erect spines of varying sizes; a pair of fine hairs on each side
near crest; appendage small, blunt, subapical. Paraproct heavily sclero-

EE

King—The New Guinea Species of Culex 147

tized, the crown basally bearing a row of about eight apically curved,
broadened spines and an overlying row of shorter pointed spines;
apically with a dense tuft of hairs; lateral arm (LA) long, slender and
curved. Lateral plate of phallosome slender apically, widened basally,
with from 4 to 7 small teeth on one side and a much larger tooth sub-
basally. Ninth tergite with shoulders slightly rounded, separated, each
bearing about 7 setae.

LARVA (fig. 7).—Head: Pale, two-thirds as long as wide. Antenna
about two-thirds as long as head, with slender spinules on basal two-
thirds; tuft arising near middle, with about 12 plumose branches not
reaching apex of shaft; shaft narrower beyond tuft, without subapical
bristles. Preclypeal spines one-sixth length of antenna, moderately
stout, usually with one to four small lateral spinules; a slender clypeal
hair arising near base of spines. Head hair A arising just posterior to
base of antenna, with six to nine plumose branches; B and C both long,
arising behind and interior of A, both usually 3-branched, one or the
other sometimes 2-branched, plumose; d arising about level with A and
interior of C, single, lightly plumose; e and f with two or three branches
non-plumose. Abdomen: Lateral hairs on segment I double or triple,
on segment IT usually double or single, on III to V usually single, some-
times double. Segment VIII with lateral comb a triangular patch of
from 35 to 45 elongate, apically rounded scales, each fringed from base
to apex; pentad hair 1 with five or six plumose branches; hairs 2 and 4
single, non-plumose; hair 3 with seven or eight plumose branches; hair
5 double, lightly plumose. Siphon index 4:1, bulbous sub-basally, the

istal half narrowed to apex, which is one-third width of base; acus
present; 3 to 5 pecten teeth on basal two-fifths, each with eclongate den-
ticles along basal half of one side; four pairs of latero-ventral hair
tufts, 4 to 6 branched, beyond pecten. Anal segment completely en-
circled by saddie, short spinose rows posteriorly on saddle; saddle hair
single to triple; subcaudal hair tufts single; ventral brush of four or
five pairs of tufts arising from a grid; anal gills slightly swollen basally,
the apical half tapered to a blunt tip; dorsal pair about three times
length of saddle (sometimes shorter), ventral pair about five-sixths as
long as dorsal pair.

On external characters, the adults of this species are most apt to be
confused with C. fragilis among the New Guinea fauna. They are some-
what larger (wing about 4.0 mm. compared with 3.5 mm.) and darker in
color, there is no trace of apical lateral pale spots on the abdominal
tergites, the wing scales on veins 2 to 4 are distinctly narrower, and
there are fewer flat scales on head vertex. The swollen airtube of the
larva is unusual, although in this respect it resembles somewhat C. phal-
lidothoraz Theobald of India and runs to this species in D. J. Lee’s
‘“Atlas of the Mosquito Larvae of the Australasian Region. Tribes-
Megarhinini and Culicini’’ (Aust. Mil. Forces, 1944, North Melbourne).
The adults of pallidothorax differ in having a banded abdomen and in
several characters of the male genitalia.

This species was much less common at Hollandia than Culex fragilis,
although the larvae were sometimes very numerous in certain collec-
tions of water. Twice they were taken in large numbers from the
putrid water in hollowed sago trunks used by natives for preparing their
sago dough; in these instances no other species was found with them.

148 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Other collections were from wooden kegs, tin food containers, tree-
holes, and drums, with Aedes (Finlaya) notoscriptus (Skuse), Culex
(Lutzia) halifaxi (Theob.), C. (Neoculex) brevipalpis (Giles), C. (Cu-
lex) pullus Theob., and Uranotaenia argyrotarsis variety. The breeding
places were shaded or semi-shaded, and the water was either clear or
filled with leaves. In two collections at Dobodura, eastern New Guinea,
(one collection in a steel drum filled with rocks and water, the other
in pools in sagging canvas) numerous larvae were taken, associated with
C. fragilis, Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris (Walk.|), 4. (F.) notoscriptus,
A. (F.) novalbitarsis K. & H., Tripteroides bimaculipes (Theob.), and
Uranotaenia sp. At Hollandia, adult specimens were taken in the light
trap at the edge of rain forest only five times between January and
June, and no females were taken attempting to bite.

Culex (Culiciomyia) fragilis Ludlow, 1903

Culex fragilis Ludlow, 1903. J1. N. Y. Ent. Soc. 11:142. (Type male
and female, Oras, Samar, Philippine Is.)

Culex (Culiciomyia) papuensis of Lee, 1944 (nee Taylor), Atlas of Mosq.
Larv. of Aust. Region, Aust. Mil. Forces, p. 96. (Illustration of
larval characters).

_ A recent comparison by the writers of adult and larval material of
C. fragilis from the Philippines has indicated that New Guinea specimens
are the same species. The larva (fig. 8) is distinguishable from related
species by the long tubular gills, multiple branching of head hairs B
and C, and three pairs of hair tufts on a rather short siphon. The
adults have a wide line of flat scales along the eye margin, the wing
scales on the forked veins are distinctly broadened and the abdominal
tergites have faint yellowish spots on the apical corners. In the male
(fig. 4) the styde has a long crest of blunt spines, subapical lobe of
coxite with a leaflet and about seven rods and spines, paraproct with
a basal arm shorter and stouter than in C. pullus, the crown with a row
of about seven long blunt spines followed by an equal number of sharp
ones; lateral plate of phallasome with four to six medial teeth and a
larger one sub-basally. Differences between this species and C. papuensis
are mentioned under the latter.

This was one of the most common Culex breeding at Hollandia. Of
62 larval collection records about half are from temporary and semi-
permanent ground pools, especially with stagnant, more or less foul
or algae-filled water, in all degrees of shade, and the others are from
larger tree and log holes and artificial containers, especially with rotting
vegetation and usually shaded. Associated larvae from ground pools
were Culex (Lutzia) halifaxi, C. (Culicio.) pullus, and Uranotaenia
argyrotarsis var; from tree and log holes, coconut husks and artificial
containers were Aedes (Finlaya) notoscriptus and aureostriatus, A.
(Stegomyia) scutellaris, Armigeres (Armigeres) breinli, Tripteriodes
spp. Uranotaenia nigerrima, Culex (Lutzia) halifaxi, C. (Mochto.)
brevipalpis, and Megarhinus splendens. Three collections were from
putrid water in the tips of fallen betel nut palms in a rain forest, asso-
ciated with larvae of Armigeres (A.) breinli and milnensis. Adult fe-

King—The New Guinea Species of Culex 149

males were taken from tents and from buttresses of large rain forest
trees. None were taken hovering about persons or attempting to bite.
Males and females in about equal proportions were attracted in large
numbers to light traps operated between January and June.

Culex (Culiciomyia) pullus. Theobald

Culex pullus Theobald, 1905. Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung., 3:87. (Type fe-
male, Muina New Guinea.)

Culex (Culiciomyia) muticus Edwards, 1923. Bull. Ent. Res. 14:6. (Type
male and female, Rabaul, New Britain; synonymized by Edwards,
1926, Bull. Ent. Res. 17:121.)

- Culex (Culiociomyia) muticus Edw. Hill, 1925, Proce. Roy. Soe. Vict.,
37:74. (Partial illustration of larva and pupa.)

Culex (Culiociomyia) muticus Edw. Brug., 1934, Bull. Ent. Res., 25:517.
(Description and illustration of male genitalia and notes on the
larval siphon.)

Culex (Culiciomyia) pullus Lda saie Lee, 1944, Aust. Mil. Forces, p. 94.
(Illustration of larva.)

?Culex (Culiciomyia) pallidothoraz of Bonne-Webster (nee Theobald),
1938. Meded. Dienst Volksgezon, Ned.-Ind., 27, 206-212. (Listed
from New Guinea.)

The larva of this species is easily recognized by the very long and
slender airtube which has a lightly sclerotized section beyond the middle,
giving the tube a broken appearance. The lateral and submedian hairs
of abdominal segments 4 to 6 are each long and single. The character-
istics of the adults are as given in the key. Parts of the male hypo-
pygium are shown in Fig. 5.

Aside from Aedes (Stegomyia) scutellaris, this was the most common-
ly encountered mosquito at Hollandia. About 150 larval collections of
pullus were recorded, and many individuals were frequently present.
Sixteen records were from log holes or artificial containers, the others
from shaded and sunlit collections of ground water of all types, except
permanent ponds and brackish water. The list of associated species from
these pools includes almost all the ground pool breeders taken at Hol-
landia. The collections other than ground pools were from large holes
in logs, usually shaded, and from large cans, cisterns, oil drums, and
beached canoes, in association with Aedes (S.) scutellaris, A. (S.) albo-
lineatus, A. (F.) notoscriptus, Culex (Lutzia) halifaxi, C. (Mochtwo.)
brevipalpis, C. (Culicio.) fragilis, C. (Culicio.) papuensis, Megarhinus
splendens and Tripteriodes spp. Adults of both sexes were taken in
tents and from buttresses of large rain forest trees on several occasions.
Females were taken hovering about persons in the rain forest and sago
swamp, but never biting. In light trap collections at the edge of a rain
forest, adults of both sexes (about one-fourth males) were taken at an
average of from four to ten per night during different months from
January to May, 1945.

Besides New Guinea, the species has been reported from New Britain,
the Solomons, Amboina and Queensland, Australia.

150 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

DESCRIPTIVE KEY TO ADULTS

1. Abdominal tergites with wide basal white bands (frequently hav-
ing a rounded posterior border on some segments). Upper parts
of pleurites dark or with dark spots on sternoplueron and mese-
pimeron; subapical lobe of coxite with a large leaflet; apical
half of style with a long row of flattened platelets on crest;
lateral plate of phallosome elongate, rounded at tip, simple,
basal arm elongate, pointed; basal arm of paraproct long and
Curved: 2 ee ee pullus

2. Abdominal tergites with small basal lateral spots of white scales;
pleurites with two dark longitudinal stripes; only a few broad
flat scales laterally on eye margin, not extending nearly to mid
line. Style enlarged at base, the crest with a short row of
spines; apicoventral lobe of coxite with two stout rods from
tip; subapical lobe with a narrow leaflet; lateral arm of para-
proct short; lateral plate of phallosome untoothed medially

fuscicinctus uu. sp.

Abdominal tergites withaut basal lateral white spots; pleurites
unicolorous or with only indistinct dark markings; head vertex
with 1-3 rows of flat scales along eye margin reaching median
line, or nearly so; male style not greatly enlarged at base____ 3

3. Abdominal tergites entrely dark..._____.»_-__—._ 4

Abdominal tergites with indistinct apical lateral pale spots.
Lateral wing scales distinctly broadened; head with a wide line
of flat pale scales around eye margin, narrowly interrupted
at mid line; a single lower mesepimeral bristle; crest of style
with a long row of rounded spines; subapical lobe of coxite
with a moderately broad leaflet; lateral arm of paraproct
moderately long, stout; lateral plate of phallosome with 4-6
median teeth and a larger basal tooth... == fragilis

4. A small species, rather pale in color; head with a wide line of
flat scales along eye margin, usually uninterrupted in middle.
Lateral wing scales slightly broadened on apical half of the
forks of vein 2; male style without a spiny crest; apicoventral
lobe of coxite with an elongate rod; subapical lobe without a
leafiet; lateral plate of phallosome simple; paraproct with a
short lateral arm and only a few pointed spines on crest
nailont n. sp.
A rather large species, darker in color; head with the lines of flat
scales well separated by narrow scales in middle. Lateral wing
seales linear; two or three lower mesepimeral bristles fre-
quently present; male style with a few spines on crest; apico-
ventral lobe of coxite with a cluster of modified bristles; sub-
apical lobe with a narrow leaflet; lateral plate of phallosome
toothed; paraproct with a long curved lateral arm, the crest
with the usual dense tuft of hairs and a row of flattened,
rounded spines (ucts 20 oe ee eee papuensis

en

King—The New Guinea Species of Culex 151

Kry To LARVAE (Fourth instar)

1. Airtube elongate, the sides straight and nearly parallel; pecten
Dermns 258) wille Uaially equal... 4 2

Airtube enlarged, distinctly inflated before middle and tapered
to tip; pecten of only 3-5 teeth; anal gills unequal, the dorsal
pair twice as long as saddle, or longer, rather large but
napored. to a*blantly pointed tip... >. papuensis

2. Airtube moderately long, index about 5:1, normally sclerotized... 3

Airtube very long and slender, index 8-10:1, a weakly sclerotized
band at apical third which gives the tube a fractured appear-
ance; two or three pairs of ventrolateral hairs, single or bifid,
very small; anal gills slender, about as long as saddle; head
eee Ger CO usually, triple. oe eS pullus

3. Anal gills large, 3-4 times as long as saddle, broadly rounded

at tip; siphon with three pairs of hair tufts, each about as

long as diameter of tube; head hairs B and C with 6-8 branches
fragilis

Anal gills slender, less than twice as long as saddle; siphon with

five pairs of hair tufts of decreasing lengths apically; head
Perna pnd. © usially: bifid A ee nailont

(Larva of fuscicinctus unknown.)

ILLUSTRATIONS

Male genitalia: Fig. 1, Culex nailoni, paraproct, phallosome and tip of
coxite (outer aspect) ; Fig. 2, C. fuscicinctus, tip of coxite (inner aspect)
and paraproct; Fig. 3, C. papuensis, coxite (outer and inner aspects),
paraproct and lateral plate of phallosome; Fig. 4, C. fragilis, coxite,
paraproct and phallosome; Fig. 5, same of C. pullus. Head and terminal
segments of larvae: Fig. 6, Culex nailoni; Fig. 7, C. papuensis; Fig. 8,
C. fragilis (New Guinea).

PLATE XIII Proc. Biot. Soc. WasH., Vou. 59

New Guinea Species of Culex.

[ 153 ]

PLATE XIV Proc. Biou. Soc. WasH., Vou. 59

statin
hae lth
Ya!

—T5 Bb ftregitis

New Guinea Species of Culex.

[ 153 }

Vol. 59, p. 155 December 23, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE 0, LIFORN,

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGT Oreo q

JAN 2= 1947

“Gy RECEIVED &
A NEW GNATCATCHER FROM BOLIVSSCMY OF sci
By W. E. CLYDE TODD

A recently completed study of the Gnateatchers (Poliop-
tila) in the collection of the Carnegie Museum has revealed
one form which is apparently undescribed, and which may be
called

Polioptila dGumicola saturata, subsp. nov.

Type, No. 80,776, Collection Carnegie Museum, adult male; Samai-
pata, Bolivia, November 17, 1919; José Steinbach.

Subspecific characters—Similar to Polioptila dumicola dumicola
(Vieillot) of Paraguay, eastern Bolivia, ete., but general coloration
decidedly darker; pileum and upperparts slate color, and underparts
slate gray, only slightly paler posteriorly; tail averaging longer.

Range.—Highlands of Bolivia.

Remarks.—The characters of this new race have already been indi-
cated by Hellmayr (Field Mus. Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 7, 1934, 490, note).
It varies away from dumicola of the lower elevations in a direction
precisely opposite to berlepschi (a pale race). Hellmayr synonymizes
the Culicivora boliviana of Sclater (1853) with dumicola. It was de-
scribed from ‘‘Bolivia’’ (exact locality unspecified), and sinee Hell-
mayr examined Sclater’s type, and comments as well on Samaipata
specimens, his identification may be accepted. Our four males come
from Samaipata and Chilon; they measure as follows: wing, 54, 55,
60, 55 mm.; tail, 63, 60, 64, 63. Thirteen males of dumicola from
Bolivia and northern Argentina average: wing, 53.8; tail, 57.5.

Count Nils Gyldenstolpe (K. Svenska Vet. Hand., 23, No. 1, 1945,
246-7) has also commented on the peculiarities of the specimens he
handled. Very significantly, he states that ‘‘the type of C. boliviana,
as well as another male from Santa Cruz de la Sierra, is somewhat paler
above and beneath than topotypical P. d. dumicola of Paraguay.’’

30-—Pkoc. BioL. Soo. WASH., VOL. 59, 1946 (166)

padi

we

Vol. 59, pp. 157-160 December 23, 1946

PROCEEDINGS
OF THE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

THE OCCURRENCE OF WEHRLE’S SALAMANDER,
PLETHODON WEHRLEI FOWLER AND DUNN, IN
VIRGINIA

By M. GRAHAM NETTING, Carnegie Museum
and
N. BAYARD GREEN, Marshall College
and
NEIL D. RICHMOND, Lanexa, Virginia

The eastern boundary of the range of Plethodon wehrlet
Fowler and Dunn, as mapped by both Bishop! and Grobman,?
lies slightly west of the border of Virginia. It appears de-
sirable, therefore, to call attention to certain specimens which
@emonstrate the occurrence of this salamander in Virginia.
This new state record, although of interest as an addition
to the already large herpetofauna of Virginia, does not merit
extended treatment as such. Nor do we attach any great
significance to the fact that these appear to be the first exam-
ples of wehrlei obtained in the Atlantic Drainage, since the
ultimate destination of local run-off can searcely affect purely
terrestrial salamanders living along a divide. The new local-
ity records do indicate, however, that Plethodon wehrlei is
not so strictly limited physiographically as was formerly be-
lieved. This should stimulate more careful search for the
species in suitable habitats elsewhere in the folded Appalach-
lans, and even in the Blue Ridge!

On May 30, 1940, we visited the portion of Allegheny Mountain
known as Tamarack Ridge. The collecting site was about eight and a half
miles (airline) southeast of Durbin, West Virginia, at the point where
U. S. highway 250 crosses the ridge. The West Virginia-Virginia state
line, in this area, follows the crest of Tamarack Ridge, Pocahontas
County, West Virginia, lying to the west, and Highland County, Vir-
ginia, to the east. We searched along the ditches and roadcuts of the
main highway, along the low banks of an intersecting dirt road, and in
the woods adjacent to each, at elevations between 4,350 and 4,400 feet
on both slopes.

1Bishop, Sherman C., Handbook of Salamanders: 282, 1943.
2Grobman, Arnold B., Ann, N. Y. Acad. Sci., 45: 286, 1944.

31—Proc. Bron. Soc. WASH., Vou. 59, 1946 (157)

158 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

The ridge is largely covered with mixed second-growth forest, but
occasional pastures with scattered trees border the highway. Small red
spruce (Picea rubra), yellow birch (Betula lutea), striped maple (Acer
pennsylvanicum), red-berried elder (Sambucus pubens), and brambles
(Rubus canadensis) are well represented. Numerous decaying logs of
chestnut, birch, and spruce lie scattered on the forest floor.

Within forty-five minutes, during a hard afternoon rain, we obtained
twelve specimens of Plethodon wehrlei (three of them, CM 19,597-99,
being taken in Virginia), nine P. cinereus cinereus (both states repre-
sented), and two P. glutinosus glutinosus (West Virginia only). Of
the dozen wehrlei found, most were in or under spruce logs, a few were
under rocks, and one was in a chestnut log that also contained a speci-
men of glutinosus. The other glutinosus was found under a large rock,
and the nine cinereus were in or under spruce logs. Our examination of
birch logs here confirmed previous experiences, for, although many
were torn apart, none contained salamanders. Birch decays as a soggy
mass within its bark shell, and is usually either too wet or too spongy
to be attractive to Plethodons.

We returned to the same spot in the evening and collected from 9:30
to 10:30 P.M. The air temperature was 43° F. and intermittent rain
was falling. In one hour we obtained thirteen wehrlei (ten, CM 19,600,
from the Virginia side) and four glutinosus (five additional specimens
were observed). A careful search was made for cinereus, but no speci-
mens were found, probably because the temperature was too low for
nocturnal activity on the part of this species, which certainly appears to
be less cold-resistant than glutinosus, although it is reputed to be more
tolerant of low humidity. (In high-altitude collecting in West Virginia
we have found that temperatures below 45° F. largely inhibit the noc-
turnal activities of many terrestrial plethodontids, but, on rainy eve-
nings, wehrlei, glutinosus, and nettingi are sometimes active at some-
what lower temperatures.) Most of the specimens of P. wehrlet were
found walking along the leaf-filled drainage ditches, but one was in a
rock crevice, and one was on top of a log. One specimen of wehrlei
regurgitated a centipede. Although several glutinosus were walking on
the bare soil of the roadcut, the majority observed were resting in their
burrows in the bank, their bright eyes sometimes glowing pink when
eaught by the beam of a headlamp.

Two additional specimens of wehrlei (CM 19,801-02) were obtained
on June 2, along U. S. 250, at a point somewhat farther down the east
slope of Tamarack Ridge, about one-half mile beyond the first locality.

Through the courtesy of Prof. H. W. Jackson, Virginia Polytechnic
Institute, we are privileged to record P. wehrlei at a second area in
Virginia; namely, the vicinity of Blacksburg, Montgomery County. The
senior author has examined one specimen (VPI No. C19) collected in
the twilight zone of Nellie’s Cave, two miles southeast of Blacksburg, at
an elevation of 2,100 feet, on February 9, 1943, and two specimens
(VPI Nos. A3-4) collected under a log in a gully two miles east of
Blacksburg, at an estimated elevation of 1,700 feet, on March 30, 1943.
Professor Jackson stated (letter of Nov. 18, 1943):

It might interest you to know that this species is not at all un-

Netting, Green, Richmond—Wehrle’s Salamander 159

common and could be recorded as generally distributed. Although

this species is frequently observed near the entrance of caves, it is

not at all confined to caves and may be collected under stones or logs
on moist wooded hillsides; for example, Trillium Vale, a valley one

mile east of Blacksburg, and at an average elevation of 2,100 ft., is a

very reliable source which we use for class demonstrations.

Still more recently (letter of Sept. 17, 1945), Professor Jackson
reported:

You might be interested to know that we also have collected this
species from Dixie Caverns which are located near the west border
of Roanoke county on Route 11 about 300 yards north of the Roanoke
River.

Dixie Caverns are about six miles west-southwest of Salem, approxi-
mately fourteen miles east of the Blacksburg stations, and only about
eleven miles northwest of the crest of the Blue Ridge. Collectors in
Virginia should make an especial attempt to locate wehrlet on Poor
Mountain just south of the Roanoke River, and should also search for
it at Slings Gap and Mason Knob in the adjacent Blue Ridge. The east-
ern slope of Tamarack Ridge is drained by northeast-flowing Laurel
- Fogk, which combines with Straight Fork (in Pendleton County, West

Vitpsnia) to form the North Branch of the Potomac River. Blacksburg
is actually in the New River drainage, but the three specific wehrlei
localities are drained by short tributaries of the North Fork of the
Roanoke River. Dixie Caverns are close to the Roanoke itself.

The occurrence of P. wehrlei in three counties in Virginia, as listed
above, also establishes for the first time the presence of this species in
two Atlantic drainage systems, apparent indication that the species can
spread readily across environmentally suitable divides. Whether or not
large rivers are a barrier to the dispersal of wehrlei remains to be es-
tablished. It is beyond the scope of this paper to consider Grobman’s
discussion of the Ohio River as a modern barrier, but we do wish to
point out in this connection that this author’s statement, ‘‘It may be
that the New-Kanawha Rivers restrict the southwestern spread of
wehrlei,’’ is contraverted by his own distribution map, which includes
dots representing stations in Mercer and Raleigh counties, West Vir-
ginia, southwest of the New-Kanawha. (The specimens supporting these
records are: CM 7,483 from Brush Creek Falls, near Athens, Mercer
County; CM 15,874-76 from one mile south of Daniels, Raleigh County;
and CM 15,873 from two miles west of Eccles, Raleigh County.) Al-
though we are disinclined to regard water itself as a barrier to wehrlei,
we cannot deny the possibility that a broad, hot flood-plain bordering a
river might prove a very effective barrier indeed.

Plethodon wehrlei is widespread and locally numerous in suitable habi-
tats in the middle eastern portion of the Appalachian Plateaus Prov-
ince. Except for the localities discussed above, the forty-seven stations
represented by the 391 specimens of wehrlei in the Carnegie Museum
collection are all within this Province. In eastern West Virginia the
Plateaus Province boundary, recently delimited by Fenneman,? leaves
the Allegheny Front just south of the thirty-ninth parallel and curves

3Fenneman, Nevin M., Physiography of Eastern United States: 250, 1938.

160 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

westward to Back Allegheny Mountain. From a strictly physiographic |
point of view it is correct, therefore, to consider that the specimens
reported here constitute the first stations for wehrlei in the Valley and
Ridge Province. Such treatment, however, implies a discontinuity in
habitat that does not in fact occur. Allegheny Mountain, on which the

Tamarack Ridge specimens were taken, is actually a continuation of the
Allegheny Front, environmentally if not physiographically. Similarly,
the Blacksburg stations, although well within the Valley and Ridge
Province, are situated in an area where the Great Valley is completely
blocked by a maze of short, high ridges and hills which are well inter-
connected with the dissected plateau to the west. To the best of our
knowledge, P. wehrlei has not yet been collected at Mountain Lake,
Giles County. In 1938, however, Prof. Maurice Brooks saw a large
Plethodon in a hemlock log there. The specimen eluded capture, but he
noted at the time that it was ‘‘not glutinosus.’’

We believe that virgin spruce forest provides the optimum condi-
tions of moisture, food, and shelter for P. wehrlei, at least in the
southern half of its range. Caves, although probably a secondary habi-
tat, appear to provide nearly optimum conditions, also, but access to
their twilight zones must be by external routes through vegetative cover
that is, or has been, suitable. The caves of the Shenandoah Valley offer
apparently satisfactory habitats for wehrlei, yet much exploration by
speleologists has not resulted in the finding of the species there. Its
absence probably reflects the lack of present or former high-humidity
migration lanes across the floor of the Great Valley.

On the basis of the records discussed here, we believe that it is safe
to conclude that the folded ridges of the western portion of the Valley
and Ridge Provinece—the Allegheny Ridges of some physiographers—
may be expected to harbor wehrlei wherever spurs interconnect the
ridges and plateau. Further search for wehrlei at Mountain Lake is
indicated, for the absence of the species at this locality is difficult to
understand in the light of the Blacksburg records. Extensive collecting
between Blacksburg and the Blue Ridge should be productive of addi-
tional stations and should indicate whether or not the species has ac-
tually reached the Blue Ridge.

In conclusion, we believe that it is desirable to regard Plethodon
wehrlei as essentially an Appalachian Plateaus endemic,* which enters
the Valley and Ridge Province in places where there is, or has recently
been, continuity of habitat, and which may possibly have gained access
to the Blue Ridge via the jumbled ridges which block the southern
portion of the Great Valley.

‘Mayr has recently (Wilson Bull., 58: 11, 1946) differentiated between endemic,
“restricted to a given region,’ and autochthonous, “having originated in a
given region; now sometimes found beyond the borders of that region.” Using
this terminology, P. wehrlet is an autochthonous rather than an endemic Ap-
palachian Plateaus species.

Vol. 59, pp. 161-163 December
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTQN JAN

4
Ey

A NEW MILLIPED AND TWO NEW CENTIP
FROM GUAM

By RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN

The specimens from Guam Id. upon which the present de-
seriptions are based were among arthropods found ‘‘associat-
ed with the freeliving stages of a trombiculid mite that was
investigated in connection with a study of the vectors of
~ endegaae by members of U. S. Naval Medical Research

it No. 2,’’ a study being made by Lieut. George W. Whar-

ton, Jr.

The specimens sent to me for identification by Mr. C. F. Muesebeck
of the U. S. Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine prove to
represent one species of spirobolid milliped typifying a new genus,
and two species of chilopods, one a henicopid and one a geophilid.

Genus GUAMOBOLUS, new genus

Distinguished among other genera of the Spirobolidae in wholly lack-
ing a sternite to the anterior gonopods. These gonopods undivided,
distally prolonged into processes which in the generotype meet mesally;
their bases with lamellate extensions meeting at the middle line. Pos-
terior gonopods widely separated, undivided, expanded distally in a
somewhat eanoe-shaped lamella. Supralabial setigerous feveolae 5-+5
or 5+4. Repugnatorial pores on the metazonites. Anal valves protrud-
ing in the usual manner, neither depressed nor compressed at middle.

Generotype.—Guamobolus delus, new species.

Guamobolus delus, new species

A small dark brown form with paler annuli, these not always sharply
defined. Legs also brown.

Eyes very widely separated. Ocelli in 5 transverse series, e.g., 6, 6, 6,
5, 4.

Collum strongly narrowed down the sides, with the lower ends
rounded as shown in the figure (Fig. 3); without impressed sulci. See-
ond tergite not descending below level of collum.

The ordinary segments moderately constricted, with course puncta
and some horse-shoe shaped impressions especially in and in front of
the furrow. The posterior segmental sulcus not sharply impressed, the
pore touching the light line representing it.

In the male the coxae of the fifth legs with conspicuous, somewhat
lamellate, processes which are distally bent forward. (Figs. 4 and 5.)

32—-Proc. Broun. Soc. WASH., VoL. 59, 1946 (161)

ee FORN,
(egeenes mn

2 ~ 1947

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CEIVED
oF Sct

162 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

The gonopods of the male are as figured. (Figs. 1 and 2.)

Number of segments in the male holotype, 37 or 38.

Width, 1.6 mm.

Locality—Guam Id: Oca Point. Male holotype taken Aug. 10, 1945
by Carver; one adult male, one immature male and three females taken
Aug. 17, 1945 by Fritts, and a very young specimen by the latter on
Aug. 24, 1945.

Mecistocephalus ocanus, new species

Head ahout once and a half as long as wide, its form as figured.
(Fig. 6.)

Anterior margin of prosternum with two pale but distinet teeth;
coxoid with a rounded tooth and femuroid with a similar one; two next
joints also with distinct rounded teeth but claw not dentate at base.

Anterior areolabed area of the clypeus decidedly longer anterocaudal-
ly than the anterior non-areolated band.

Coxae of first maxillae with a well marked ectal shoulder the anteroeec-
tal angle of which is produced moderately distad. (Fig. 7.) Palpi of
second maxillae long, curving distally beyond the first maxillae; distal
end with an abortive claw and with setae moderate in number as shown
in the figure. (Fig. 8.)

First lamella of mandible with 5 long teeth, the corner beneath it
produced as shown in the figure. (Fig. 9.)

Coxal pores small, moderate in number.

Pairs of legs, 49.

Length, about 15 mm.

Loeality—Guam: Oca Point. One specimen collected by Fritts, on
Aug. 24, 1945.

Lamyctes guamus, new species

A smaller species than the widespread L. fulvicornis from which it
differs in having the prosternal teeth 2+2 instead of 3+3, these teeth
small, well spaced, with the median interval wide, obtusely angular at
bottom. Antennae with articles short, moniliform, 23-25 in number.
Ocellus present, large, pale, with no pigmented area about it.

Coxal pores 1, 1, 1, 1, small and circular, as against 2, 2, 2, 2, to
4, 4, 4, 3 in the other species known from the Pacific area. :

Gonopods of male beyond the stout basal article straight and distally
bristle like.

Length, 4.5 mm.

Locality —Guam: Bile Bay. Five males taken by Carver, Aug. 31,
1945.

The occurrence exclusively of males in this lot is very interesting in
view of their usual rarity.

PLATE XV PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH., VOL. 59

ates

ee
a

Br

PLATE XV

Guamobolus delus, nu. sp. Fig. 1. Gonopods of male, anterior view. Fig.
2. Posterior gonopod of male, subcaudal view. Fig. 3. Collum, viewed
from right side. Fig. 4. Coxa of fifth left leg of male, anterior aspect.
Fig. 5. The same, mesal aspect, showing process.

Mecistocephalus ocanus, n. sp. Fig. 6. Cephalic plate in outline. Fig. 7.
First maxillae, right half. Fig. 8. End of palpus of second maxilla.
Fig. 9. First lamella of mandible.

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Vol. 59, pp. 165-166 December 23, 1946
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

OR
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JAN 2~— 1947

F, ae)
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GENERAL NOTES

\

A NEW LOCALITY RECORD FOR EUMECES LATI-
CEPS§ (SCHNEIDER) IN MARYLAND

McCauley (1945, The Reptiles of Maryland and the District
of Columbia, p. 51) indicates that the distribution of Ewmeces
laticeps in Maryland is limited to a few localities on the Coast-
al Plain. He also points out the possibility of its occurrence
on the Piedmont Plateau and even as far west as the Alle-
gheny Ridges. :

On June 18, 1946, while collecting about 2% miles above Seneea,
Montgomery County, Maryland, a large specimen of this species was
secured. The locality from which this specimen was taken is on the
Piedmont Plateau in that portion known as the Triassic Lowland. This
lowland is characterized by sandstones and shales of the Newark for-
mation. Above Seneca these rocks form a line of bluffs about 200 feet
high running parallel to the Potomac River for a distance of several
miles.

The specimen was taken from beneath a large slab of shale poised on
the edge of the bluffs at a point below which there is a broad flood-
plain of the river. When first noted its head and a part of its body
were protruding from a burrow-like hole near one corner of the rock.
Detecting the observers, it withdrew into this hole but reappeared a
few minutes later. It was finally caught by sliding away this rock
beneath which it was hiding. A nest, presumably of some rodent, was
also found under the rock.

The lizard was an adult male with a snout to vent length of 123 mm.
The largest Maryland specimen mentioned by McCauley (loc. cit.) had a
snout to vent length of 120 mm. The maximum size attained by this
species is 130 mm. (Smith, 1946, Handbook of Lizards, p. 353.) Other
reptiles and amphibians collected at this same locality included Agkis-
trodon m. mokeson, Triturus v. viridescens (eft), Ambystoma maculatum,
Bufo woodhousii fowleri, and Hyla c¢. crucifer.

J. A. FOWLER

33—Proc. Bron. Soc. WASH., Von. 59, 1946 (165)

166 Proceedings of the Briological Society of Washington

PARTIAL NEOTENY IN A COMMON NEWT

Noble (1929, Amer. Mus. Novitates, No. 348, pp. 1-22) in
connection with observations on the life history of the newt,
Triturus v. viridescens, reported a typical larva which con-
tained fully formed spermatozoa. This was the first report of
true neoteny in this species. In addition, many newts were
partially neotenic in that they failed to complete metamor-
phosis and retained open gill-clefts, a more or less larval
branchial apparatus, and gills partly or fully developed. No-
be’s investigations were conducted at Woods Hole on the
Coastal Plain in Massachusetts but neotenic individuals of
this newt have also been reported from other parts of the
Coastal Plain as far south as New Jersey (Bishop, 1943,
Handbook of Salamanders, p. 12).

In Maryland, judging from the number of normally transformed
adults encountered in all parts of the state, neotenic newts are ap-
parently the exception. It is therefore of interest to record a partially
neotenic individual collected on Bear Island near Great Falls, Mont-
gomery County. This locality is on the Piedmont Plateau about 10
miles west of its junction with the Coastal Plain. The specimen was
taken from a small body of water occupying a river pot-hole. It had
vestiges of gills and open gill-clefts and measured 72 mm. in total
length. The average length of this species at transformation is about
36 mm. (Bishop, loc. cit., p. 103.) This is the only neotenic newt that
that has been noted among a number of individuals of this species ecol-
lected from various ponds on the island where the immature, terrestrial
red ‘‘eft’’ stage has also been found.

J. A. FOWLER

So alt ;
YO" LIBRARY

JAN 2 = 1947

om)
Yo, RECEIVED yy

Vol. 59, pp. 167-168 AD Cy December 23, 1946

OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW MOUSE OF THE PEROMYSCUS BOYLII
GROUP FROM UTAH

By STEPHEN D. DURRANT

In the course of preparing the accounts of the Utah mam-
mals an hitherto undescribed race of Peromyscus boylit has
beep recognized. The description and name of the new form
are’as follows:

Peromyscus boylii utahensis, new subspecies

Type.—Female, adult, skin and skull, No. 4400, Museum of Zoology,
University of Utah; 5 mi. above lower power station, Millcreek Can-
yon, 5,800 ft., Salt Lake County, Utah; November 15, 1941; collected
by Henry W. Setzer, original number, 297.

Range.—In that part of the state bounded on the east by the Colorado
and Green rivers and on the west by the area formerly occupied by
Pleistocene Lake Bonneville; limits unknown outside of Utah.

Diagnosis.—Size large; tail long; ears and hind feet short (see mea-
surements). Color: Upper parts a mixture of Fuscous, Light Ochra-
ceous-Buff and gray giving a ground color of Hair Brown; ears dusky,
faintly margined with white; nose and post orbital regions grayish;
eye ring black; markings at base of vibrissae black; hind legs dusky
to tarsal joints; dorsal surface of tail like mid-dorsal region; lower
sides, flanks, cheeks and outer surface of front legs Light Ochraceous-
Buff: front feet, hind feet, ventral surface of tail and entire underparts
white (Capitalized color terms according to Ridgway, Color Standards
and Color Nomenclature, Washington, D. C., 1912). Skull: Large; na-
sals long; depression at proximal end of nasals present; interparietal
actually as well as relatively narrow; braincase wide and moderately
inflated; diastema long; tympanic bullae well inflated ventrally.

Measurements.—The average and extreme measurements of five adult
females from the type locality and near vicinity are as follows: Total
length, 194 mm. (200-188); length of tail, 104 (109-95); ratio of length
of tail to head and body length, 118 per cent (133-100); length of
hind foot, 19.6 (22.0-17.0); length of ear, 18 (19-16); greatest length
of skull, 27.9 (28.3-27.6); zygomatic breadth, 13.9 (14.0-13.7); great-
est breadth of braincase, 13.3 (13.4-13.2); interorbital breadth, 4.5
(4.5-4.4) ; length of nasals, 11.1 (11.2-10.8); length of palate, 4.4 (4.5-
4.2); length of incisive foramina, 5.2 (5.4-5.1); length of diastema,
7.0 (7.1-6.8) ; post palatal length, 9.5 (9.7-9.1) ; interparietal, 9.1 & 2.9
(9.4 X 3.0-8.8 > 2.6); depth of braincase, 8.25 (8.4-8.2); alveolar
length of upper molar series, 4.05 (4.1-4.0). No topotypical males were
available for measurements.

Comparisons.—Among named races of Peromyscus boylii, utahensis
most closely resembles Peromyscus boylit rowleyi from southeastern

34—PrROo. Brovu. Soc. WAsH., Vou. 59, 1946 (167)

168 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Utah. Topotypical specimens of utahensis can be recognized from topo-
types and near topotypes of rowleyi as follows: Size smaller; hind foot
and ear shorter; tail relatively longer, averaging 118 per cent of the
length of head and body as opposed to 106 per cent in rowleyi. Color:
Markedly darker on upper parts (much more black and gray and less
ochraceous); tail markedly darker. Skull: Larger in eleven of thirteen
measurements; interorbital breadth narrower; alveolar length of upper
molar series shorter; interparietal longer and narrower, extending nearly
to the temporal suture in rowleyi (9.1 * 2.9 mm. as opposed to 9.6
2.8 in rowley) ; infraorbital foramina slightly narrower dorsally.
Remarks.—From the time of Osgood’s revision of the genus Peromys-
cus (North American Fauna, No. 28, April 17, 1909) to the present, all
Utah representatives of the species Peromyscus boylii have been referred
to the subspecies rowleyi. At the time of his revision, Osgood (op. cit.:
147) only had specimens from extreme southeastern Utah, extreme south-
western Utah and from Ogden in northern Utah. He referred them all
to rowleyi, the type locality of which is Noland’s Ranch, N side San
Juan River, 1% mi. above present ‘‘Four Corners’’ (Hall, Univ. Cali-
fornia Publ. Zool., 37:2, April 10, 1931) in extreme southeastern Utah,
east of the Colorado River. Thus there existed a peculiar discontinuity
in the known distribution of this species within the state, as no speci-
mens were known from the central part. Even though many more
specimens are now available, they are all from the same general regions
that Osgood reported and the large gap in the distribution still per-
sists. Evidently these mice are not common, but further intensive col-
lecting may yet bridge the gaps in this discontinuous distribution.
From the material available for this study it is apparent that the race
rowleyi formerly considered to include all Utah animals of this species
is limited to that part of the state east of the Colorado and Green
rivers which appear to act as a barrier. All specimens studied from
elsewhere in the state are referable to the subspecies utahensis.
Specimens from Zion National Park are intergrades between utahensis
and rowleyi. They are intermediate in color but have the darker cast
and the dark tail typical of utahensis. Moreover, they resemble wtah-.
ensis in the proportion of tail length to head and body length. The
majority of the cranial characters are like utahensis to which they are
here referred. One specimen from 8 mi. N Escalante, Garfield County
is also an intergrade, but referable to wtahensis. Two specimens re-
ported from the eastern end of the Uinta Mountains, west of Green
River (Svihla, Journ. Mamm., 12:263, August 24, 1931) were unob-
tainable and have apparently been lost. They represented the most
northern and eastern records of this species, and are provisionally
placed under this new subspecies on distributional basis only. Peromys-
cus boylit is a southern species that in Utah reaches the northernmost
limits of its range within the Great Basin. This new form here de-
seribed is the northernmost one known from this region.
Specimens examined.—31, distributed as follows: Salt Lake County:
1 mi. above Forks, City Creek Canyon, 4,800 ft., 4; 2 mi. above mouth
Millcreek Canyon, 4,800 ft., 2; 5 mi. above lower power station, Mill-
ereek Canyon, 5,800 ft. (type locality), 8. Garfield County: 8 mi. N
Escalante, 6,500 ft., 1. Washington County: Zion National Park, 21.
Contribution from the Department of Biology, University of Utah,
Salt Lake City, Utah.

Vol. 59, pp. 169-172 December BARE ORK,
PROCEEDINGS is Ni

4
f OF ipRARY |
OF THE f ; |
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGT appPiaebas o\
ECEIVED wv
“OeMy of so
THE SPINY RATS OF THE RIU KIU ISLANDS”

_—_—_—[—————

By DAVID H. JOHNSON*

The name Rattus jerdoni osimensis was proposed by Abe in
1933 for a remarkable new rodent from Amami-Osima, Riu
Kiu Islands. In 1941 Tokuda showed that this form was
quite distinct from the Indian Rattus jerdoni and proposed
for it the generic name Acanthomys. As the latter name has
been used previously, a new name is required for the genus.
Heretofore these rats have been recorded only from Amami-
Osima. In the course of epidemiological surveys made in
September, 1945, by U. S. Naval Medical Research Unit No.
2, specimens representing a new subspecies were trapped in
the northern part of Okinawa Island. The taxonomy of this
group is rearranged to stand as follows:

Genus Tokudamys (new name)

Rattus (part), Abe, Shokobutsu oyobi Dobutsu (Botany and Zoology),
vol. 1, p. 942, July 1, 1933; Jour. Sci. Hiroshima Univ., ser. B,
div. 1, vol. 3, p. 107, December, 1934 (nec G. Fischer, Das National-
museum der Naturgeschichte zu Paris, vol. 2, p. 128, 1803).

Acanthomys Tokuda, Biogeographica (Trans. Biogeog. Soc. Japan), vol.
4. p. 93, December, 1941 (genotype, Rattus jerdoni osimensis Abe).
Preoceupied by Acanthomys Lesson, Nouveau Tableau du Regne
Animal, p. 135, 1842 (genotype not designated, applied to five
species of murine rodents).

Genotype.—Rattus jerdoni osimensis Abe.

Remarks.—To the generic characters given by Tokuda (loc. cit.) for
‘* Acanthomys,’’ I would add, from observation of Okinawan specimens,
that the mammary formula is 0 — 2 = 4, that the posterointernal cusp
and a posteroexternal heel are present in M! and M2, and that M?
lacks an anteroexternal cusp.

Tokudamys osimensis osimensis Abe
Rattus jerdoni osimensis Abe, Shokobutsu oyobi Dobutsu (Botany and
Zoology), vol. 1, p. 942, July 1, 1933 (in Japanese); Abe, Jour.
Sci. Hiroshima Univ., ser. B, div. 1, vol. 3, p. 107, December, 1934
(in English); Kuroda, List of the Japanese mammals, p. 67,
June, 1938; Kuroda, Monograph of the Japanese mammals, p. 137,
1940 (in Japanese).

*Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.

35-——Proo. BIoL. Soo. WASH., Vou. 59, 1946 (169)

170 Proceedings of the Biological Socrety of Washington

Rattus fulvescens osimensis, Ellerman, Families and genera of living
rodents, vol. 2, p. 193, March 21, 1941.

Acanthomys osimensis, Tokuda, Biogeographica (Trans. Biogeog. Soc.
Japan), vol. 4, p. 95, December, 1941.

Type specimen.—Not designated. Abe’s description was based on
‘several specimens’’ (10 are itemized in a table of measurements) col-
lected by S. Ueki between April and June 15, 1933.

Type locality.—Village of Sumiyo, Anami-Osima, Riu Kiu Islands.
Apparently no further locality records have been published.

Specimens examined.—None.

Tokudamys osimensis muenninki, new subspecies

Type specimen.—U. S. National Museum, No. 278757, adult female,
skin and skull; collected September 24, 1945, by David H. Johnson and
Odis A. Muennink, original No. 479 (D. H. J.).

Type locality—Hentona, western coast of northern Okinawa Island,
Riu Kiu Islands.

Diagnosis.—Similar to T. 0. osimensis but larger (length of head and
body of adult male near 150 rather than 125 mm.; greatest length of
skull near 40 rather than 36 mm.); tail relatively shorter (equal to
about 73 rather than 87 per cent of head-and-body length); feet lack-
ing dark extensions of body color on metapodial areas.

Description.—General external appearance like that of a large vole;
body appearing short and thick (this impression enhanced by unusually
thick pelage). Pelage composed of fine hairs mixed with coarse, flat-
tened, grooved spines, the latter present and predominating everywhere
except on tail, feet, ears, and area about mouth; spines on midback
about 21 mm. long, those on belly about 11 mm. Color of upper parts a
mixture of black and Ochraceous-Tawny (capitalized terms are from
Ridgway, Color standards and color nomenclature, 1912); underparts
grayish white, very faintly washed with ochraceous; individual hairs on
back and sides gray with Ochraceous-Tawny tips; spines gray at base
with distal parts either black or Ochraceous-Tawny with a minute black
tip; black spines predominating at midback, ochraceous predominating
on sides of body; spines on belly grayish white. Backs of fore and hind
feet near Pinkish-Buff, metapodial areas lacking any indication of
darker body color. Tail averaging about 73 per cent as long as head
and body; bicolored, scales and hairs blackish above and grayish white
below; scales in approximately 115 annular rows, averaging 8 rows per
centimeter near base of tail; each scale subtending three hairs about
2.5 mm. long. Toes slender and distinct; forefoot with first toe ap-
parently functional (its claw resembling a miniature hoof), and with
elaw of fifth toe extending to base of second phalanx of fourth toe;
hind foot with sole bare to heel, claw to first toe reaching base of
second phalanx of second toe, claw of fifth toe reaching middle of second
phalanx of fourth toe. Ears subovate, moderately hairy inside and out.
Vibrissae long, reaching well back to shoulder area; mostly black, those
originating on cheeks whitish, Mammary formula: 0 — 2 = 4,

Skull angular and lightly built as compared with most species of
Rattus. Rostrum prolonged, nasals extending about 3 mm. beyond in-

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172 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

cisors. Premaxillaries rising above level of nasals to form shallow
trough near base of rostrum. Temporal ridges extended dorsolaterally
on flange-like frontal processes, being thus raised above general frontal
Jevel in interorbital region, overhanging temporal fossae, and (in dorsal
view) following almost straight divergent lines from premaxillary to
occipital sutures. Maxillary part of zygomatic arch angular and promi-
nent, squamosal part weak and adpressed to braincase. Incisive fora-
mina broad, terminating opposite anterior root of M1. Palate narrow,
terminating slightly posterior to M3, its posterior margin smoothly con-
eave. Bullae small, recessed, little inflated. Mandible with weak coro-
noid process; articular process extending posteriorly beyond plane of
angular process.

Upper incisors sharply recurved. Molars relatively high-crowned.
M! with four roots (differing from Rattus in lacking external root be-
neath second lamina) and with anteroexternal cusp reduced; M*? with
this cusp absent. M1 and M®? each with a posterointernal cusp and an
accessory posteroexternal cusp or heel. M, and My each with two ex-
ternal accessory cusps.

Measurements.—See Table I.

Specimens examined.—A total of 13 (10 skins with skulls, 1 skull-
only, 2 in alcohol) including the type, all from the type locality, col-
lected September 19-25, 1945.

Remarks.—The rats were all trapped along a three-mile stretch of
trail that follows the crest of a ridge running westward from the main
divide to the coast a half-mile north of Hentona. Here, as in most
other parts of northern Okinawa, the terrain is mountainous and is
covered with a dense forest, which on the exposed ridge-tops is reduced
to a chaparral-like growth about ten feet high. Mixed with the shrubs
in these places is a flourishing growth of coarse grass used by the
Okinawans for thatching roofs. In some places the ground is covered
with a knee-high mat of brake fern. Well beaten footpaths traverse
the ridge-tops, and a network of temporary lateral trails has been made
by thatch cutters. The most satisfactory bait was found to be a cube
of raw sweet potato. The presence of the rats was first detected when
a piece of spine-covered skin was found in a trail where it had ap-
parently been discarded by some predator. This species was not found
in the cultivated strip of rice fields and terraced sweet potato patehes
immediately adjacent to the coast.

The Okinawan subspecies is named for Odis A. Muennink of Hondo,
Texas, who during the recent war collected more than a thousand speci-
mens of animals for Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2 in various parts
of the Pacific area.

———_

fp Pr saw
“O' vtiprRary ~ \
JAN 2 = 1947

RECEIVED Re,
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Vol. 59, pp. 173-175 ember 23, 1946

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

THREE NEW MITES FROM RATS IN PUERTO RICO

By IRVING FOX

Department of Medical Zoology, School of Tropical Medicine,
San Juan, Puerto Rico

The following new species of mites were found in the
course of an ectoparasite survey of the rats of San Juan,
Puerto Rico. At present, it is not possible to say whether they
are parasitic on rats or simply associated with them. Types
of these new species are in the entomological collection of the
Department of Medical Zoology, School of Tropical Medicine,
San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Family Laelaptidae
Androlaelaps setosus, new species

Female. Body oval in shape, longer than broad, well provided with
setae: Total length, not including capitulum, .69 mm., width, .41 mm.
Chelicerae prominent, toothed, fixed arm with a process. Sternal plate
(Fig. 1) sculptured, broadest between coxae II and III with the corners
acuminated. First pair of sternal setae on the anterior border of the
sternal plate, second pair more or less level with the middle of coxa II,
third pair of setae and the sternal pores placed as usual. Metasternal
plates not heavily sclerotized, their setae level with the posterior bor-
ders of coxae III. Genito-ventral plate long and broad, more or less
rounded posteriorly, almost reaching to the anal plate. Only one pair
of setae—the genital pair—is present. Flanking the genito-ventral plate
are three pairs of setae, the middle pair being in a very slight con-
“eavity of the plate. Approximately 15 setae are situated on each side
laterad to the genito-ventral plate. A small narrow, more or less boat-
shaped plate is present on each side posterior to coxa IV; below this is
a much smaller, circular one. Anal plate broadly triangular, bearing
the usual three setae. Peritremes extending posteriorly to beyond the
middle of coxae IV, extending anteriorly to beyond coxae I. Stigmal
pore level with the posterior border of coxa III, distant from the lateral
edge of the body. Legs well provided with normal setae. Leg II broad,
characteristic of the genus, femur with a long, stout spur, genu with a
smaller one, tibia with a long sharp one, and tarsus with several pairs
of setae. Dorsal plate covering most of the dorsal surface, provided
with many long and stout, curved setae.

36—Proc. Broun. Soo. WASH., Vou. 59, 1946 (178)

174 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Type material. Female holotype and female paratype from Rattus
norvegicus at San Juan (Santurce), Puerto Rico, collected September
18, 1946.

This new species resembles A. oudemansi Radford from which it dif-
fers in that the genito-ventral plate almost reaches to the anal plate,
as well as in other respects.

Family Macrochelidae

Macrocheles alatus, new species

Female. Body oval, sparsely provided with setae; total length not
including capitulum, .53 mm., width .32 mm., chelicerae robust, with
prominent uneven teeth. Sternal plate (Fig. 2) expanded laterally, with
three pairs of setae and two pairs of pores, the latter removed from the
insertions of the setae. Metasternal setae not conspicuous, situated on
small, weakly sclerotized plates. Genito-ventral plate weakly sclerotized,
truncate posteriorly, bearing a single pair of setae; anteriorly with su-
perimposed wing-like plates. Anal plate large and conspicuous, shield-
shaped, provided with six setae in addition to the anal ones. Anal pore
small, lyre-shaped, situated near the posterior border of the anal plate,
its setae all of about the same size. Approximately seven setae are pres-
ent on each side of the anal plate. Peritremes closely appressed to the
lateral borders of the body, not extending posteriorly to the stigmal pore,
reaching anteriorly to or beyond the anterior border of coxae I. Dorsal
plate not occupying the entire dorsum, provided with setae and sculp-
tured. Legs, characteristic of the genus, I long and slender without
claws, II, III and IV broad with prominent claws and stout setae.

Type material. Female holotype from Rattus norvegicus at San Juan
(Santurce), Puerto Rico, collected February 9, 1946.

This new species is readily differentiated from the other members of
its genus by the shape of the anal plate.

Family Ascaidae

Asca duosetosa, new species

Female. Body oval, longer than broad, well provided with setae. Total
length, not including capitulum, .40 mm., width, .24 mm. Chelicerae
toothed. Palpus (Fig. 3) with a prominent spur on the inner surface of
the second and third joints. Sternal plate with the structure not clear,
apparently weakly sclerotized anteriorly, extending from behind coxae
I to the middle of coxae III. First pair of sternal setae in the anterior
weakly sclerotized portion of the plate with the first pair of pores just
below them; other two pairs of sternal setae and the second pair of
sternal pores placed as usual. Metasternal setae inconspicuous, situated
on small lightly sclerotized circular plates. Genital plate weakly sclero-
tized with a single pair of setae, of the shape shown in Figure 3. Be-
tween the genital plate and the ventro-anal plate are four setae. Ventro-
anal plate sculptured, more or less oval in shape, bearing eight setate
in addition to the anal ones. Stigmal pore on a level with the middle
of coxae IV, peritremes extending anteriorly to beyond the anterior
borders of coxae I. Legs as usual for the genus, provided with many

Fox—Three New Mites from Rats in Puerto Rico 175

small setae. Dorsal plate divided in two, the conspicuous line of divi-
sion on a level with the middle of coxae IV, sculptured and provided
with many stout scimitar-like setae. The posterior lateral border of the
notogaster bears on each side the tubercle characteristic of the genus,
and the tubercle is armed with two large prominent setae (Figure 3).

Type material. Female holotype and female paratype from Rattus
norvegicus at San Juan (Santurce), Puerto Rico, collected September
17, 1946.

This new species is similar to A. quinquesetosa Wharton differing
from the latter in having two setae on the posterior dorsal tubercle
instead of five.

PLATE XVI PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH., VOL. 59

Explanation of Plate XVI

Fig. 1. Androlaelaps setosus n. sp. Ventral plates and leg II.
Fig. 2. Macrocheles slatus n. sp. Ventral plates.
Fig. 3. Asca duosetosa n. sp. Ventral view and dorsal tubercle.

[176]

Vol. 59, p. 177

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

December 23, 1946

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW NAME FOR A MEALYBUG

By EDSON J. HAMBLETON
Office of Foreign Agricultural Relations, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture

The genus Morrisonella was recently erected by the writer
(Rev. de Ent. 17 (1-2): p. 16, Aug. 1946) to accommodate a
number of described and undescribed species of hypogeic
mealybugs. This name is preoccupied by Morrisonella Bartsch,
The Nautilus, 50: p. 23, July 1945; therefore a new name,
Coccidella, is here proposed.

38—Proo. Brow. Soc. WASH.,

vou. 59, 1946

‘ pLIFORN,
oe LIBRARY “q
JAN 2= 1947
FS, }
©, RECEIVED <<
4 e
lEmy OF oc\t®

(177)

Vol. 59, p. 179 December 23, 1946
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

A NEW SUBSPECIES OF HELICOSTYLA FLORIDA
FROM MINDORO, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

By PAUL BARTSCH
Associate, Division of Mollusks, United States National Musewm*

Since the publication of my paper on ‘‘The tree Snails of
the Genus Cochlostyla of Mindoro Province, Philippine Is-
lands,’’+ there has come to hand from various sources a dark
colored race of Helicostyla florida from the southern part of
the Island of Mindoro, which merits recognition with a tri-
nomial name, which is here furnished. Incidentally, it is well
to state here that additional research has shown that the
genus must be called Helicostyla not Cochlostyla used for it
in my 1938 paper.

Helicostyla florida saturata, new subspecies

The shell, as far as shape is concerned, agrees with the typical race.
It differs from all the other described subspecies in having the outer
lip chocolate brown; in the other subspecies this is white excepting in
Helicostyla florida fuscolabiata Mollendorff, Kobelt and Winter, in
which the outer lip has a brownish wash. The main coloration of this,
however, is bright brown not green as in the present form.

The type, U.S.N.M. No. 543504, has 5.5-whorls and measures: Length,
40 mm.; greater diameter, 28 mm. It was collected by Pedro de Mesa
at Bulalacao, southeastern Mindoro.

*Pubiished by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
71988. Bull. 100, vol. 6, pt. 9, U. S. National Museum.

pLIFOR,
{ iS, LIBRARY “q
%

JAN 2 = 4947
4, RECEIVED <
SEmy of sc\t8o

37—Proo. Brou. 800. WAsH., Vou. 59, 1946 (179)

New names are printed in heavy type

A
Aeaathomys —_..__.. 169
eeuensis — 170
pence fu. ti<“<ié‘«i YS;
flui-hominis 2. 23
ee ee
Acer pennsylvanicum ___. 158
Acomatacarus ~......._.._ 21, 24, 26
arizonensigs —_....____. 26
Rae nd i el 25, 26
ES 145
aureostriatus —.._. 41
okinawanus _.....___ — 41, 45, 46
Aedes (Finlaya) aureostri-

CE Ea ee ee 148
notoscriptus 0 148, 149
novalbitarsis est 2 148
okinawanus 39

Aedes (Pseudoskusea)
lunulatus —__ 145

Aedes (Stegomyia) a albo-

lineatus _. ....83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89,
~~ 90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 149
Seepictis 83
arboricolus ___ “84, 88, 89, 90, 91, 95
bambusicolus_. 83, 84, 94, 95
boharti Serene 88, 90, 91, 95
hoogstraali______..__.84, 92, 93, 94, 95
Ieifeoni =. , 84, 94
pseudalbolineatus ___ 83,
84, 88, 89, 90, 94
scutellaris ’83, 148, 149
affinis, Eutamias 109, 111, 112
africana, Baikia — ._._. 74
africanus, Hanno __..__- 123

Agkistrodon mokeson
I 165

albolineatus, Aedes (Stego-
myia)—.__ 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89,
90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 149

albopictus, Aedes (Stego-

myia) ___ 83
Aldrich, J. W., el elected Vice
President x

New Supspecies of Birds
from Western North

meeeties 129-136
alfreddugesi, Eutrombicula. 26
alatus, Macrocheles _. 174, 176

0 Ambystoma maculatum __ 165
ra) americana, Euschéngastia- 22
americana, Neoschingastia 70
~— americana, Schongastia —_. 70
f~ amoenus affinis, Eutamias 108, 109, 111
© amoenus, Eutamias —_ 107, 108, 110, 112
3 amoenus felix, Eutamias _ 107
amoenus ludibundus, Euta-
nme _. 110, 114, 115
amoenus luteiventris, Eu-
P tamias _. a 108, 109
—" amoenus septentrionalis,
- Btemmias 2c. 110
“ Amphisbaena __ rca, 74
iT9)

35—Proo. Bron. Soc. WasH., Vou. 59, 1946

| “ORS
Zo pr LIF RN,

APR 14 194/

°C" LIBRARY ng

Ancylocranitia: (2. 73, 74
ES LEST
| ene «GS
somalica »
somalicum Vat Shear 73, 74
Androlaelaps oudemansi___. 174
SAtOSUE cee 173, 176
pO RT Ee 31
mpressus: Si, 32
CREME Sn es es 31
orthodoxtia-’ 2... 32
venustus ___ oe 31, 32
annulirostris, Culex 45
ansori, Nematogobius — 126
antilope antilope, Hypolim-
ee a os ee AS 119
antilope wagneri, Hypolim-
"te ee an ae SY 119
Aramides cajanea cajanea_ 51
latens _.._... sag 50, 51
morrisoni —..___ $0, 51
Rapes oe eee 51
morrisoni 51
arboreus, Molvaviscus 12

arboricolus, Aedes (Stego-

myia) _...____. ___. 84, 88, 89, 90, 91, 95
arcuatus, Bolboceras —___— 79
arcuatus, Kolbeus — 79
Ardea violacea - 49
Avdiesine:: 28s 2 wi eae, 49
argyrotarsis, Uranotaenia_ 148
arizonae fraterculus, Den-

drocops. = 103, 104
arizonensis, Acomatacarus.
arizonica, Cotinis —..__. 80
armata, Chonaphe _..__ 31,32
Armigeres (Armigeres)

breieit- #2264. 148

milnenais® sD 148
Asca duosetosa _.___. ee 174, 176

quinquesetosa — 175
Asedidae: 20ers bite ome 174
Ascoschingastia e 71
Aspidosperma melanocalyx. 10
aspidospermae, Stenocysta. 10
aspidospermae, Zelotingis_ 10
Ateuchus, 400 6g 79

histeroides 79
Atraetepe) 2c2 es: ig “eb ighing 18

Radius 2 18, 19
atrigularis, Rhipidura __ DR EE 78
audacion, Stenophilus —_ 35
aureola, Dendroica pete-

oe Se a) ee 54
aureostriatus, Aedes ____ 41
aureostriatus, Aedes (Fin-

nee nes 148
aztecus, Dendrocops en 104, 105
aztecus, Dendrocops strick-

MME a ed 104

B
badius, Atractus _ 18, 19
kia | Giro ee 73, 74
CRT ai a Ore a ae 74

(181)

& |

RECEIVED WY y
EMy oF SOA

182 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Pailyis Caltex 42
Baker, R. H.
A New Race of Rhipi-
dura rufifrons from
Rota Island, Mariana
Islands are eee 77-78
bakeri, Trombicula Ret Ager Ps 23, 24
bambus: colus, Aedes (Ste-
POmiyia hs) eee oe 83, 84, 94, 95
bancrofti, Nyctanassa vio-
RACCA. . )neee Bas went. = 49
barkeri, Ancylocranium ie 73, 74, 75
Bartsch, Paul, A New Sub-
species of Helicostyla flor-
ida from Mindoro, Philip-
pine’ Eslands 179
Basileuterus bateli .... 100, 101, 102
belli AE ATE We 101, 102
Daten ne 100
clarus. HO MOT. 102
obscurus sab 101
seitulus >... suas 101, 102
subobscurtis(2225_ 232) 101, 102
OC) fe ee 121, 122

lebretonr” (ee es) 122
bateli, Basileuterus — 101, 102
bateli, Basileuterus belli___ 100
Bathygobius fuscus —_. eh 125
belli, Basileuterus _. 101, 102
belli, Basileuterus belli __ 100, 102
belli, bateli, Basileuterus — 100
belli belli, Basileuterus __ 100, 102
belli clarus, Basileu‘terus — 100, 101
beliula, Dasyprocta punctata 59
Benedict, J. E., Jr., elected

Vice President’... -... 2. = x
bequaer‘i, Ctenogobius a 126
berlepschi, Polioptila —._ 155
Betula lutea pis 158
bimaculipes, Tripteroides _ 148
Bishop, Sherman C., and

Claire Ruderman, Four

New Species of Dictyna- 1-8
Blake, S. F., elected Re-

cording Secretary . x

appointed Trustee of

Permanent Funds . _. x
A New’ Chaetopappa
from the Guadalupe
Mountains of New
Mexico and Texas 47-48
Blarina brevicauda eee? 22
blarinae, Neoschéngastia — 22
Bohart, R. M., New Spe-

cies of Mosquitoes from

the Marianas and Okina-

wa (Diptera Culcidae) _. 39-46
boharti, Aedes (Stego-

0 EOE aR FS Se 84, 88, 90, 91, 95
Bolboceras arcuatus — 79°

eqreantien ls SSA = 79
boliviana, Culicivora 155
borealis, Eutamias = 113, 114
borealis, Eutamias minimus 112
Bothrops chloromelas —_.. 19

oligolepis , eee 19
boylii, Peromyscus 167, 168
boylii rowleyi, Peromyscus 167
boylii utahensis, Peromys-

cus eee 167
Bradycinetus horn 79

minor ... Sine ante 79

brasiliensis, Ungalia eet. ee 18

Bray, R. S., elected Corre-
sponding Secretary _~_

breinli, Armigeres (Armi-
geres) eres Ny

brevicauda, Blarina _____

brevifile, Sicydium _.

brevipalpis, Culex (Moch-
thogenes)

brevipalpis, Culex / Geocu-
lex) ae

Brisco, M. See
Bufo woodhousii fowleri__
burrus, Proechimys —
c
Caecilia pachynema
cajanea, Aramides cajanea_
cajanea latens, Aramides —
cajanea morrisoni, Aramides
caliiornicus caurinus, My-
Otis: | get. tat Bs
californicus californicus,
Myotis
californicus, Myotis ge
californicus pallidus, Myo-
tis ee fetes rr
californicus, “Stenophilus a
californicus stephensi, My-
otis
caliginis,
lacea

Nyctanassa_ vio-
callida, Dasyprocta ~ =. Se
callida, DavaPse punc-
tata wees
callipyge, “Hoplia ee
canadensis, Rubus _
canicaudus, Eutamias
caniceps, Eutamias minimus
carolinensis carolinensis,
Dumete!la
ruficrissa
cassiae, Tigava
Catherpes conspersus __..
mexicanus conspersus —
griseus
punctulatus WW
punctulatus" 3 233
caurina, Certhia familiaris
caurinus, Myotis californi-
Cis, . (ees
Centrocercus urophasianus
phaics
urophasianus ert.
Certhia familiaris caurina_
montana .
occidentalis ____ _
zelotes
montana cl
occidentalis, =e eae
Chaetopappa aati"
hersheyi” . ee
Chamberlin, Ralph V., A
New American Genus in
the Chilopod Family Hi-
mantariidae 2A
A New Milliped and
Two New Centipeds
from Guam
On Four Millipeds from
Georgia and Missis-
sippi 2 tgs
Two New Species of
the Milliped Genera
Chonaphe and Aniulus

22 enon

131, 132
131, 132

35-38

161-163

139-142

31-34

NO

Chapin, Edward A., Neces-
sary Changes of Names in
the Coleopterous i

Index

Scarabaeidae Bane: 79-80
chiriquinus, Proechimys —

Bemispinosus _—_..____- 61, 62
Gaironius fuscis — ___._ 19
chloromelas, Bothrops... 19
OTS iT 79
choica, Dendroplex 64

OS 63, €5
Chonaphe pRinatirnrcue = Si, 32

michizana —. —__...____. 31
Chonophorus guineensis —_. 125
christianus, Dixidesmus — 149
christianus, Eurymerodes-

ik 140
chrysendata, Dendroica Pe-

techia : ae = 52
Chrysopteron er e 67
cinereus cinereus, | ~ Pletho-

don ~ 158
Clark, Austin H., Two New

Butterflies from the Ad-

miralty Islands - 119-120
Clarke, J. F. G., Informal

discussion of the present

status of European mu-

Ss
clarus, Basileuterus —_. ~ 100, 101, 102

elli Lis 100, 101
Gleha ‘clelia® __... prams! tb 19
clitoriae, Leptopharsa pat oe, 13
meccwena Fe 177
Cocmcstvyis i 179
Se 4 ix
coloradanus, Sitenophilus __ 35, 37
concentrica, Oribata _._
conspersus, Catherpes ___.. 131, 132

mexicanus __. 131
constricta, Leptopharsa.. ate oe 12, 13, 14
convexula, 125 DC 80
coreanus, Bolboceras _____ 79
cornupeta, Dictyna —. 1,5
Coronogobius _schlegeli ____. 125
Pars -arizonica. 80
ROEPOTNTS) coe 80
oc) Lue gel Sea 80

sobrina __ 80
Cowan, I. McT., Notes on
- the Distribu‘ ion of the

Chipmunks (Eutamias) in

Southern British Colom-

bia and the Rocky Moun-

tain Region of Southern

Alberta with Descriptions

of Two New Races _ 107-118
crucifer crucifer, Hyla___ 165
Ctenogobius bequaerti______ 126

wemasiy .. = 126
cucullata, Geothlypis —..__ 100
Culex : ae 143, 148

annulirostris 45

aye 42

fragilis SOME ls as, “146, 147, 148,

150, 151, 152, 153

fuscicinctus ie wk 150, 151, 152

DM en ee 45

Rtas) = ee = Oe 45, 46

mammilifer _.- 43

mindinaoensis Bi hi" shed 5

minor

nailoni 145, 146, 150, 151, 152, 153
43

nolledoi
pallidothorax ——

143, 147

183
papuensis ._..... ~.148, 150, 151,152,253
plantaginis 43
pulits 143, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152
tuberis anes 45, 46
eyulvetisis, 2.) ee 42, 45, 46
Hinton: oe ee 43
Viriaiventer 42
Culex (Culex) lfitoralis _ 43
PONCE 148
Culex (Culicio) fragilis. aoe 149
Papuensis, 5 shew 149
Dullgs 3 148
Culex (Culiciomyia) fragilis 148
fuscicinctus.. 2. 145
MUCUS: see Pan rSees. 149
nailoni pet ahd ee 143
pallidothorax ites outs 149
papuensis a 146, 148
DUIS Ps ee 149
ryukyensigus sass 4}
Culex (Lophoceraomyia) ‘tus
| TS of ca mare tae a ena = 2
Culex (Lutzia) “halifaxi ms 148, 149
Culex (Mochthogenes) bre-
vipalpis _. . 149
Culex (Neoculex) “brevipal- :
01s ee ee 148
hayashii xe _schesteal i 43
Culicivora boliviana _ ae adits 155
D
dacotensis, Taxidea 81
CARS. Seer eee 81, 82
Dalopiia (My ero tne 74
Dalquest, Walter W., A
New Name for the Desert
Race of the Bat, Myotis
califomicus, = 23s 67-68
daniels: Ungalay ss = 18
dariensis, Dasyprocta ~~ 59, 60
punctata. .) 2 59, 60
Dasyprocta callida —...___— 59, 60
dariensis _.. see ae 59, 60
puncta‘a bellula 59
Calida” {222 2s eae 59
dariensis —__. 59, €0
Davis, Malcolm, elected
Member of Council —._ x
Exhibition of a domestic
pigeon which had
starved to death due
to displacement and
locking of the mandi-
blest cess. = Beebe x
Deason, H. J., ~ elected
Member of Council _ x
Deignan, H. G., A New
Pitta from the Malay
‘Penitisalan 55-56
dela, Epeloria 139, 140
delus, Guamobalus __.__ 2 161, 163
Dendrocopos arizonae fra-
tenenlis: (222 103, 104
aztecus eat ti Bee he 104, 105
strickland,, = 104, 105
AZLECUE 104
Stricklands 22 2 2 104
Dendroica petechia peru-
ana Soe 54
erithachorides _______ 53
petechia aureola ___.___ 54
chrysendeta __.__ 52
erithachorides —. 52
paraguanae — +. 52, 54

184 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Dendroplex
choica
augand:. 222 =") Were Ay
Malas: pS et se
picifostris =.
picus

choica: 2265... 3s
dugandi —________
picirostfig .. >

Desmodium .2/ 222026. ters

Dictyna cornupeta __.__
franCiGCay, f222 to
peragrata —..___.. . ._-
tridentata __

Dipsas latifasciatus
ec tire esta ee ee

Dixidesmus, 2... = th
christianus _ ae}
humilidens

Dorbin, Elmer, Noises made
by fishes and other ma-
rine aie 2 ee

Drake; CG J, .and EB. «J:
Hambleton, New Species
and New Genera of Amer-
ican Tingidae (Hemiptera)

dugandi, Dendroplex —
picus. bore sate

Dumetella carolinensis
Carolmensieg 2

ruficrissa _._- __.
dumicola dumicola, Poliop-
Pela es ee ee
saturata

Dunn, Emmett Reid, A
Small Herpetological Col-
lection from Eastern Peru

ducsetosa, Asca

Durrant, Stephen D., “A
New Mouse of the Pero-
myscus boylii Group from
Utah

Duvall, A. J elected Trea-
surer

Duvall, A. 2 and Cc. O.
Handley, jr, Land of the
Eskimo ___

Dykstra, T. P., “Some bio-
logical and "agricultural
facts gleaned out of Free
Chiang... 2h tee eee

E

Ebomegobius _... ===
goodi _
Elaenia flavogastra pallidi-
dorsalis =
flavogaster pallididorsa-

lis eee)
alivienttrts ft i IOP
elata, Palma pele certs wa:
elata, Roystonea —.___. .
Eleotridae
Eleotris
pone wes SS
Wittate: 222
Elliott, M. A., Birds along

leiacantha

talapoosa __ __.
erithachorides, Dendroica

petechia _..... a
erythropygus, Euryurus es

9-16
66
64

132
132

155
155

17-20
174, 176

167-168

x

xi

Eumeces laticeps —..____ 165
Eurymerodesmus ore 139
christianus SS 140
louisianae ee 140
Euryurus erythropygus —__ 139
Eusch6ngastia —W.0 21, 22
americana: > eee 22
sciuricola. ... 2252 22
Eutansias — =>) oe 21, 107
afinis - WW ee _. 109, 111, 112
amoenus _____________107, 108, 110, 112
afiass 2S raee 108, 109, lll
fehix: {238 107
ludibundus ______ 110, 114, 115
luteiventris |... 2. 108, 109
septentrionalis _ _ 110
borealia, 4.0027" <a 113, 114
canicandits ) 222s eee 109
ludibundus ____ __}10, 117, Ti
luteiventris :_- ee 108, 109, 110
minimus .107, 108, 110, 112, 113, a:
caniceps...- = 107, 112
oreocetes _. 108, 112, 113
selkitkf. = 113, 114
oreccetes. _____._ F122 eee
ruhcaudue 2s 107, 108, 114
ruficaudus 22 114, 115
simulans __ CEs) 109, 114
septentrionalis ill
townsendii 107
euthetus, Pseudopolydes-

MUS foe eee 139
Eutrombicula | “alfreddugesi. 26
Ewing, H. E., Notes on the

Taxonomy of Three Ge-

nera of Trombiculid Mites

(Chigger Mites), Together

with the Description of a

New. Genus (2 69-72

Taxonomic Notes on
American Chiggers
(Larvae of the Mite
Family Trombiculidae),
Including the Rede-
scription of a Genus
and the Descriptions
of Two New Species— 21-28
F
familiaris caurina, Certhia. 123
montana —_ 130
occidentalis — 130
zelotes’ = a... 130
felix, Eutamias amoenus__— 107
flavogaster _ pallididorsalis, ;
Elaenia __. eee $1
silvicultrix — $1
florida fuscolabiata, Helico-

atels 6. oe 179

saturata 179
floridana, Roystonea 29
flui, Acariscus ......___= “ieee
flui-hominis, Acariscus 23
formosa, Vespertilio ~~ 67
formosus, Myotis 67
Fosberg, F. R., Exhibition

of some publications of

Chronica Botanica __.___ ix
Fowler, J. A., elected Mem-

ber of Council 26 3a =

A New Locality Record
for Eumeces laticeps
(Schneider) in Mary-
land See. eee 16S

Partial Neoteny
Common Newt —
fowleri, Bufo woodhousii —
Fox, irving, Three New
Mites from Rats in Puer-
-to Rico _ eet Pig |

in a

fragilis, Culex 143, 146, 147, 148,

fragilis, Culex (Culicio)
fragilis, Culex
(Culiciomyia) pis rs ON
francisca, Dictyna _....._.
fraterculus, Dendrocops
arizonae _.
fulvescens osimensis,
Rattus —_....
fulvicornis, Lamyctes

fuscicinctus, Culex —_..
fuscicinctus, Culex (Culi-
* ciomyia)

fuscolabiata, ~Helicostyla _
| Mee

fuscus, Bathygobius AES
fuscus, Chironius —

G

galli, Acomatacarus —___.
Gardner, M. C.
‘A New Cotton Rat
from Virginia
Geothlypis cucullata —
karlenae
microrhyncha
nelsoni

microrhyncha —__.
nelsoni
Gilmore, R. M.---_-__--__
glutinosus glutinosus,
Plethodon

Gohar, RA A F., , Marine bi-
: ological research on the
Red Sea . EE oS

Goldman, . A.

goodi, Ebomegobius Sea

Green, N. Baynard, See un-
der Netting, M. Graham-

gretheri, Hypolimnas
pithoeca ail

griseus, Cartherpes mexi-

eee ene aren we omen nee eee

guamus, Lamyctes
guineensis, Chonophorus _.
Gymnetis palliata _..

H

halifaxi, Culex (Lutzia)_.
Hambleton, E.
See under Drake, ey a pes
A New Name for a
Mealybug
Handley, C. O., Jr.

See under Duvall, A A. J j.

Hanno
africanus
Haplophilus Avi FART Oe
Harper, Francis, The Name
of the Royal Palm

Index 185
Helicostyla —. 179
166 florida® ) 22. = 179
165 fuscolabiata 179
saturata 179
Herre, Albert w. C. T:
173-175 New Genera of Eleotridae
and Gobiidae and One
150, 151, 152, 153 New Species from West
149 Africa Pt SGeee 121-128
hersheyi, Chaetopappa — . 47
: 148 hispidus hispidus, Sigmo-
4,5 oe 137
virginianus 137
103, 104 histeroides, Ateuchus 79
Hoffman, I. N., Note on a
170 species of Solanum from
162 Venezuela —____ 3
150, 151, 152 hominis, Acariscus .—..____ 21, 22, 23
Hoogstraal, Harry, See un-

145 der King, Willard V 143

hoogstraali, Aedes (Stego-

179 myia)o oS. 84, 92, 93, 94, 95

125 Hoplia callipyge pees 79, 80

19 convexula 80

irrorata eae 80
lecontei eee Se 80
mutata 80
oregona __.___. 80
25, 26 publeollie: 2 80
hornii, Bradycinetus — 79
hornii, Kolbeus ~~... 79
137-138 hudsonicus richardsonii,

100 rg | lee ae Oceeeneer ae 22
99, 100 humilidens, Dixidesmus __ 139
99,100 Humphrey, H. B., Note on

» 100 the scarcity of gray squir-

99 rels in the Cabin John

100 region this winter. ix
99, 100 Note on scarcity of gray

x . squirrels and rabbits— xi
hyashii, Culex (Neoculex)-_ 43

158 Hyla crucifer crucifer _— 165

124 Hypolimnas antilope. anti-

121 lope! ss 119

wagneri 119
pithoeca gretheri ____. 119
x MMNCOIOG 119, 120

124 I

187 ignotus, Proechimys semi-

119 spinosus __..___- 61

— Telmatodytes ei

DO UEMTERS ts eke
131, illudens, Leptopharsa 10
161, 163 variantis __ 10
’ 62 impressus, Aniulus 31, 32

= renga, Pitta <2" 55

125 irena 55

80 ripley? See 55

istorats, Hoplia> i125. 2 80
J
1m ©: jepsoni, Culex tase! ad 45
9 jerdoni, Rattus 169
osimensis ——._-__. 169
177. Johnson, David H., The
Spiny Rats of the Riu

xi Kiu Islands ~~ 169-172

123

123 K

35

karlenae, Geothlypis — 99, 100
29-30 TI@ OU a ee 99

186 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Kellogg, Remington, Three

New Mammals from the
Pearl Islands, Panama. 57-62
Kerivoula pallida — Mth 67
Rimes ss Meee ee x
King, Willard V., and Har-
ry Hoogstraal, The New
Guinea Species of Culex
(Culiciomyia), with De-
scriptions of Two New
SHecics smite 143-154
Kleinpeter, H. I. III. xi
eS a yr ire ix
Knight, Kenneth L., and
Lloyd E. Rozeboom, The
Aedes (Stegomyia) Albo-
lineatus Group (Diptera,
Calreidae) see 2D peasy 83-98
Kolbeus arcuatus _._____ 79
oy | nk) Se eer 79
Biniisie- (2:2) toes 123
jo | re ee 123, 124
L
lactarium, Spirostriphon _. 139
Daelkptidae (2 8 wat 173
laffooni, Aedes
(Stéegomyia) we «83, 84, 94
laingi, Telmatodytes —_ 131
Lamyctes fulvicornis _____ 162
guamus __ _ Bitar ee 162
langsdor ffi, Micrurus ___ 19
latens, Aramides —______ 51
ecajanea (seus 4a br) 50, 51
laticeps, Eumeces __..._. 165
latifasciatus, Dipsas __ 19
lebretoni, Batanga _______ 122
lecontei, Hoplia — = 80
Leeuwenhoekia .. 24
leiacantha, Epeloria —. ___ 139, 140
Leptomicrurus narduccii__ 19
Lenitepharsa 6202 9, 10
SOLS ol a oe 13
constricta, 2. Sanit Se OTIS" 14
uiemens: (iin ee 10
variantis Sa Se a ae 10
TOnetla 3 Tee = 10
machalana _ 12, 13
vinnula _ 13
manihotae: 220 So 10
Kiitiane, oe eg Y 11, 13
sidecrea. 2 i a 13
Nob i a ee ere 13
leuconotopicus _ stricklandi,
a qa dE ER ie Ie OP 104
Lincoln, F. nes elected Vice
President eats ae x
appointed Trustee of
Permanent Funds —._ x
litoralis, Culex plese, 45, 46 -
Iitoralis, Culex (Culex) 43
lonchocarpa, Tigava —___ 10
longula, Leptopharsa _.. __ 10
HAIRED R Eurymerodes-
140

(vedios Arthur, “A New
Worm-Lizard (Ancylocra-
nium barkeri) from Tan-
ganyika Territory —

73-76
ludibundus, Eutamias _ 110, “111, 112, 114

amoenus
lunulatus, Aedes (Pseudos
kusea)
lutea, Betula

pene eee a 110, 114, 115

145
158

luteiventris, Eutamias __ 108, 109, 110

amoenus <2. 3 J "

M

machalana, Leptopharsa____ 12, 13

vinnula ea 13
Macrocheles alatus _____ 174, 176
Macrochelidae rit 3s 174
macropterus, Spinus pinus - 133, 134
maculatum, Ambystoma __ 165
malayensis, Neoschingastia 71
Malvaviscus arboreus —_ 12
mammilifer, Culex —_ 43
manihotae, Leptopharsa — 10
mariae, Rhipidura rufifrons 77, 78
Mazama permira _—.___ 57, 59

reperticia, ==. == AD 58, 59

sartoril Jj? 2 5

reperticia __ 57, 58, 59
McHenry, E., elected
Member of Council _____

Mecistocephalus ocanus —_ 162, 163
Megarhinus splendens _.__ 148, 149
Meinertophilus .. 35
melanocalyx, Aspidosperma 10
Melanoconion papuensis —_— 146
mexicanus conspersus,

Cathetpes eee - 131
griseus. 2 aes 131, 132°
punctulatus “ee 131

michigana, Chonaphe ___— 31
microrhyncha, Geothlypis— 99, 100.

nelsoni —_ 100
Micrurus langsdorffii- “5S <0 eh)
milnensis, Armigeres (Armi-

geres) eee 148

mindinaoensis, ‘Culex 43
minimus, Eutamias.___ ____107, 108, 110,
112, 113, 115
borealis _../ 22a 112
caniceps =... 107, 112
oreocetes __________. 108, 112, 113
selkirk?, 113, 114
minor, Bradycinetus — 79°
minor, Culex Sameer es! 43
minutus, Nopoiulus __-_— 139
Mniotiltidae - === 52
mokeson, Agkistrodon
mokeson =). 165
Monopeltis ae 74
montana; Certhia 22233 130.
familiaris nian ia 130
monteiri, Eleotris —.— — 122
Moore, Robert T., A New
Woodpecker from Mexico 103-106
Two New Warblers from
Mexico -_ 4 99-102
Morrisonella — —.— 177.
morrisoni, Aramides’ 2 51
cummed oe 50, 51
muenninki, Tokudamys

osimensis __._ ee 170, 171

mutabilis, Cotinis ___-_ 80
mutata, Hopha 2 80
muticus, Culex (Culicio-

myia) — 2 = ee eek ex 149

Myotis ..._ 2 = eee 67
californicus: 67
californicus ———~~— 67
caurines (22 22S 67
pallidus. = 67
stephensi — 67
formosus «SS 67
pallidus’ 2208: 28. = 67°
subtlatus? 67

N

Index

nailoni, Culex _ 145, 146, 150, 151, 152, 153

nailoni, Culex
(Culiciomyia) <a ee
narduccii, Leptomicrurus. pre
nelsoni, Geothlypis —
nelsoni
karlenae
microrhyncha
Nematogobius ansori —. ae
Neoschingastia
americana
blarinae
malayensis
yeomansi __ ee
Netting, M. Graham, N.
Bayard Green and Neil D.
Richmond, The Occur-
rence of Wehrle’s Sala-
mander, Plethodon wehrlei
Fowler and Dunn, in Vir-
eo
nettingi, Plethodon ____
New York Zoological Socie-
ty, The flight of the
humming bird —
nigerrima, Uranotoenia___._
noweaa, Culex _—..___ sic
Nopoiulus minutus
norvegicus, Rattus ___.
notoscriptus, Aedes (Fin-
laya) —.. Epes dy =
novalbitarsis, _ Aedes” ”(Fin-
laya) ee
Nyctanassa violacea ban-
crofti —.
caliginis
=e
violacea —__..

O

obscurus, Basileuterns __—
ocanus, Mecistocephalus —
occidentalis, Certhia ——-.
familiaris
occidentalis, Oxyurichthys..
okinawanus, Aedes ____._
okinawanus, Aedes (Fin-
laya)
oligolepis, Bothrops
oregona, Hoplia _.
oreocetes, Eutamias
minimus
Grecaosa fegia —
Oribata concentrica _.__.__.
Orsinger, F. G., Tongue-
less toads —_
orthodox, Aniulus __
orthodoxus, Aniulus ____
osimensis, Acanthomys__.

ee od

oe eee ne -— 2 eee

osimensis muenninki, To-
kudamys —_. aha
Osimensis ____.
osimensis, Rattus fulves-
aS
Sa

oudemansi, Androlaelaps —.
Oxyrhopus petola PaEee
Oxyurichthys occidentalis_—

P

pachynema, Caecilia —
palliata, Cotinis —

se)

139
174, 175

148, 149

41, 45, 46
39

mast

- 80

112, 113, 114
108, 112, 113

170, 171
169, 170

palliata, Gymnetis — WW
pallida, Kerivoula —.....
pallididorsalis, Elaenia fla-
WORdNstha cK shoe
flavogaster es
pallidothorax, Culex ___
pallidothorax, Culex (Cu-
TOU DRO) eit ea
pallidus, Myotis _ Bas) Pees oe
-californicus —
Palma elata _._...
Palmer, T. S., Note on the
Pinchot Collection of pho-
tographs and notes relat-
ing to persons connected
with forestry, in the Li-
brary of Congress —.._
palustris iliacus, Telmato-
Lik | ple Meee 5 a Per
plesius ___.
pulverius ___
panamensis, Proechimys_—
semispinosus
papilio, Periophthalmus —__
papuensis, Culex _.
papuensis, Culex (Culicio)-
papuensis, Culex (Culicio-
myia)
papuensis, Melanoconion —
paraguanae, Dendroica pe-
techia _
Paraschingastia
paucisquamis,
paucisquamis, Ungalia
pauper, Nyctanassa violacea
pennsylvanicum, Acer
peragrata, Dictyna __.— 25
Periophthalmidae —_.
Periophthalmus papilio
permira, Mazama_ —
Peromyscus
boylii
rowleyi
utahensis 242.2".
rowleyi
miahernsig.
peruana, Dendroica petechia
petechia aureola, Dendroica
petechia chrysendeta, Den-
~droica ——
erithachorides
paraguanac —_.___
pereama> 252 a.
Peterson, R.
petola, Oxyrhopus -
phaios, Centrocercus
phasianus —____.
phalara, Dendroplex _ i eres
Phelps, W. H., see under
Wetmore, A. __~
Pum, A. Bo
Picea rubra, Tee 2.
picirostris, Dendroplex.
picus —__.—
picus, Dendroplex —.-.— ai
ehotes: 2,

woe noe ao - oe

——

wa nn en nn nee

uro-

dugandi _...

picirostris

Picus leuconotopicus
stricklandi _.._.___
pinus macropterus, Spinus_
pinus pinus, Spinus ..__
pinus vagans, Spinus _

are nnn

pithoeca’ gretheri, Hypo-
limnas a We Tee. 2s
SR EER -<pegaeey I

Tropidophis.

148, *150 151, 152, 153
149

146, 148
146

119
119, 120

188 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Pitta irena 55
irena 55
ripleyi ____ 55

plantoginis, Culex sts 43

plesius, Telmatodytes 131

palustrig.22 2 ee Ps 131
Plethodon cinereus 158
Cinereuss: ee eos 158
glutinosus — Sa ns 158, 160

giutiziosus’ 158
MOEN ee 158
welrtet ___ 157, 158, 159, 1€0

Polieptila....______. 155

berlepschi ___. 155
dumicoladé =. 2. = 2's. 155
aumicola: =) =! 155
saturatay: e220) 2s 155

Polydesmid® 2... 139

Polydesmus 22.222 31

Proechimys burrus _..__ 61, 62

panamensis _....._ =. 61, 62
semispinosus burrus —— 61, 62
chiriquinus —.._- 61, 62
ignotus! 2). eee 61
panamensis —__. 61, 62
pseudalbolineatus, Aedes
(Stegomyia) _..__. 83, 84, 88, 89, 90, 94
Pseudopolydesmus euthetus 139
serratus: “2220'S 2 a 139

pubens, Sambucus —__._. 158

pubicollis, Hoplia —____ 80

pullus, Culex _ 143, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152

pullus, Culex (Culex). 148

pullus, Culex (Culicio) —— 148

pullus, Culex (Culiciomyia) 149

pulverius, Telmatodytes ~— 131

palustris. on. 130, 131
punctata bellula, Dasyproc- =
pallded. 4.07 59
gertete ne Se 59, 60
punctulatus, Catherpes ___ 132
MIEXICANWS 131
Q
quinquesetosa, Asca _.__ 175
R

rabdocephalus, Xenodon —__ 19

Rallidae — Boat sake eo 50

meting, oO ee eee

fulvescens osimensis __ 170
jerdoni —..__ Se 1€9

osimensis 169
norvegicus _.... 174, 175

regia, Oreodoxa _. 29

regia, Roystonea ____ OS. 29

reperticia, Mazama _._._. 58, 59

facto 2... Je, 2
Rhipidura atrigularis —_ 78
rififronis (42 Biers 77
mariae —_...- 77, 78
saipanensis —._____ a 77, 78
Mraniaeg wn se 77, 78
richardsonii, Sciurus hud-
sonicus __-. 22
Richmond, Neil D., “See un-
der Netting, M. Graham 157

ripleyi, Pitta...
Irena
Roberts, T. S.
rowleyi, Peromyscus
boyhit) eee
Roystonea -
elata
floridana Bit o.
vemia te
Rozeboom, Lloyd E., r=
under Knight, Kenneth L.
fibre, Picea 2s
Rubus canadensis

158
- 158

Ruderman, Claire, see un-—

der Bishop, Sherman C._.
ruficaudus, Eutamias ~~
ruficaudus ——
simulans “12 ee
ruficrissa, Dumetella caro-
linensis
rufifrons mariae, Rhipidura
saipanensis —__
uraniae
rumiana, Leptopharsa
ryukyensis, Culex
ryukyensis, Culex (Culcio-
myia) “2

Ss

Saipanensis, Rhipidura rufi-
frons eases RO
Sambucus pubens
sartorii, Mazama
reperticia

s2---—--

saturata, Helicostyla florida —

saturata, Polioptila dumicola
scabrum, Trombidium ___ =
Schantz, Viola S.. A New
Badger from South Da-
kota __.
schlegeli, Coronogobius —_—
Schmitt, W. L., elected
Vice President
Schongastia americana ——
schunkii, Dipsas
scitulus, Basileuterus —_.
sciuricola, Euschéngastia—
Sciurus hudsonicus richard-
Homi 2 ee
scutellaris, Aedes
myia)
selkirki, Eutamias minimus
semispinosus burrus proe-
chimys pe RI
chiriquinus
ignotus
panamensis
septentrionalis, Eutamias ~
amoenus ———

(Stego-

Sericathrombium ~~~
serratus, Pseudopolydesmus
sesoris, Tigava —
setosus, Androlaelaps
Sicydium brevifile —
siderea, Leptopharsa
Sievers, A. F:, and E. C.
Stevenson, Illustrated ac-
count of some plants of
specific and peculiar in-
terest. to man___—.

1
107, 108, 114
114, 115

11, 13
42, 45, 46

4

83, 148, 149
113, 114

ESSE!
hispidus hispidus ne.
virginianus __.._
silvicultrix, Elaenia flavo-
gaster _
simulans, Eutamias ruficau-
ial ee
sobrina, Cotinis _.._.__
somalica, Ancylocranium __
somalicum, Ancylocranium.
Spinus pinus pinus_____ bg
macropterus ~~.
vagans _ _
Spirostrephon lactarium __
splendens, Megarhinus _.
Siepomyia
Sremoeysta ot
aspidospermae
Stenophilus audacion _____
Seormicus
coloradanus se the
stephensi, Myotis califor-
a :
Stevenson, E. C., See un-
der Sievers, A. F

Stickel, W., elected Mem-
ber, of Council.
stricklandi aztecus, Den-
| ee
stricklandi _. =

stricklandi, Picus leucono-
I
subobscurus, Basileuterus__
subulatus, Myotis _.._.

T

taczanowskyi, Tropidophis.
taczanowskyi, Ungalia —_-
talapoosa, Epeloria —..__
Taxidea dacotensis —____.
taxus ___
dacotensis ____.___ els
taxus
taxus, ae
dacotensis _..____
taxus
Telmatodytes iliacus _____.
laingi __ es Oe
palustris iliacus
plesius
pulverius aes eS
I
pulyerius
thomasi, Ctenogobius —__
Thone, F., Exhibition of
new biological publica-
0
a
Ss Se
mechocarpa —___ a,
| J, See
Todd, W. E. Clyde, A New
Gnatcatcher from Bolivia
Tokudamys ____ _
osimensis muenninki_- «
osimensis __._____.
townsendii, Eutamias
tridentata, Dictyna __. ___
Tropidophis paucisquamis —
taczanowskyi
Triptercides ___.....
bimaculipes —— ___

Index

137
137
137

51
109, 114
80

73

73, 74
133

133, 134
133, 134

Triturus
desceus pee at
Trombpicula: 20s ere ese
OS) fee eee
Trombiculoides —.
Trombidium scabrum ____
tuberis, Culex _
tuberis, Culex (Lopho¢erao-
myia)) oe teil

viri-

viridescens

Sig |) tek ene a Ree fe
U
Ungalia brasiliensis —___
ioe adie ae
paucisquamis.
taczanowskyi —...

unicolor, Hypolimnas pitho-
Be AS
uniformis, Culex marek
uraniae, Rhipidura rufifrons
Uranotaenia argyrotarsis —
giimercioia \ fe
urophasianus, Centrocercus
urophasianus —_~..._____
phaios __.__. pie Sage
urophasianus
utahensis, Peromyscus ——
WANGUNE, ihe es

Vv

vagans, Spinus pinus
Van Pelt, R. D._.—
Vogt, William, A catastro-
phe year on the Peruvian
coast
variana, Vatiga paste
variantis, Leptopharsa illu-

Soi ie Me ee ee

venustus, Aniulus _______
Vespertilio formosa —_
vicosana, Vatiga ____ es
vinnula, rs
machalana __
Violacea,- Ardea...
violacea bancrofti, Nycta-
LEE EN
caliginis:
PaUpES ee
violacea __.__
virginianus, Sigmodon | his-
pidus __
viridescens viridescens, Tri-
turus. Sa8SL*
viridiventer, ‘Cilex 2
vittata, Eleotris _______

W
Lalracary J. S., elected Presi-

eens Uo eee as
wagneri, Hypolimnas anti-
AC eT Sie Eg na etieselien Saeed
Waite, M. SA aan eee
Walker, E. P., Note on a
method of ” ascertaining
whether natural food for
squirrels is running low__

189

165, 166
21, 23, 24
23, 24
69, 70
69, 70
45, 46

42
51

31, 32

119
x

Note on experiments in
making photographs
of small mammals in
motion —

wehrlei, Plethcedon _. ae 158, 159, 160
Wetmore, Alexander, New
Forms of Birds from Pan-
ama* and” Colombia =" >=
Wetmore, Alexander, and
W. H. Phelps, Two New
Wood-Hewers of the Ge-
nus Dendroplex from
Venezuela and Colombia.
woodhousii fowleri, Bufo__ 165

-Xenodon raancehie

49-54

Xystodesmid
oJ ha (2 i;
yeomansi, Neoschéngasti
ry Eo |
Z- x ney?
zelotes, Certhia inilinsieae
Zelotingis —__—. 4) sepia y:

aspidospermae ..._2397 5
é neg

ut

eit as

4

CALIF ACAD OF SCIENCES LIBRARY

3 1853 10007 8703

It

|

ae

e