\m iUi'^- ;r <- ' i it , / . .' -', ' > i:\'^:'U-r';- ■ < .' .< ■> .^i ' . ' . , . • ■'5"ruT^ -•''■- '■■■ ■ > ' r : 1 - . '■ ,■' ■{ r': ;-i\ ;;■;:.■';•: •^■.. V. i : .' * ' i ^ '■ ■ 1 \ 0 PROCEEDINGS OF THE California Academy of Sciences FOURTH SERIES Vol. XXIV SAN FRANCISCO PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY 1942-1950 COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION Dr. Robert C. Miller, Chairman Dr. George S. Myers Dr. Edward L. Kessel, Editor CONTENTS OF VOLUME XXIV Contributions Toward a Knowledge of the Insect Fauna of Lower California Pages No. 1. MiCHELBACHER, A. E. and E. S. Ross. Introductory Ac- count. (Plates 1-3). Published March 31, 1942 1-20 No. 2. LiNSLEY, E. Gorton. Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. (Plates 4-5) . Published March 31, 1942 21-96 No. 3. Van Dyke, Edw^in C. Coleoptera: Buprestidae. (Plates 6-7) . Published March 31, 1942 97-132 No. 4. Banks, Nathan. Neuroptera: Myrmeleonidae. (Plate 8). Published March 31, 1942 133-152 No. 5. Michelbacher, A. E. Symphyla. (Plate 9). Published March 31, 1942 153-160 No. 6. Aitken, Thomas H. G. Diptera: Culicidae. Published June 20, 1942 161-170 No. 7. Blaisdell, Frank E. Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae. (Plates 10-11). Published February 4, 1943 171-288 No. 8. RiNDGE, Frederick H. Lepidoptera : Rhopalocera. Pub- lished March 12, 1948 289-312 No. 9. Bohart, Richard M. Hymenoptera : Eumeninae. (Plate 12) . Published March 12, 1948 313-336 No. 10. Saylor, Lawrence W. Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae. (Plates 13-19). Published March 12, 1948 337-274 No. 11. Leech, Hugh B. Coleoptera: Haliplidae, Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Hydrophilidae, Limnebiidae. (Plates 20-21) . Published June 11, 1948 375-484 No. 12. Barr, William F. Coleoptera: Cleridae. Published Jan- uary 26, 1942 485-519 Index to Volume XXIV 521-567 Errata 567 c?^ PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ^^^ ' Fourth Series Vol. XXIV, No. i, pp. 1-20, pis. 1-3 March 31, 1942 CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARD A KNOWLEDGE OF THE INSECT FAUNA OF LOWER CALIFORNIA* No. 1 INTRODUCTORY ACCOUNT BY A. E. MICHELBACHER Agricultural Experiment Station, University of California AND E. S. ROSS Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences THE PENINSULA of Lower California, in spite of its interesting fauna, lias been long neglected by collectors of insects. This lias probably been due to difficulties encountered in traveling through such a desert region with its barely passable roads. Most of the insect collections have been made in the Cape Region, which is quite readily accessible by boat. In consequence the insect fauna of that area is relatively well-known, whereas the greater part of the peninsula has been scarcely touched by collectors. The California Academy of Sciences has quite properly been the leader in the biological exploration of Lower California. Unfortunately, however, its large and important collections made between 1888 and 1894 were largely destroyed in the San Francisco earthquake and fire of 1906. * Printed from the John W. Hendrie Publication Endowment. [1] 2 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. Realizing the need for additional collecting on the peninsula, the writers spent two months during the summer of 1938 in an overland tour of the penin- sula. The collection obtained seemed sufficiently large to make desirable the publication of the present series of entomological reports. An effort has been made to adopt a uniform style of presentation and to include both published and unpublished records. Thus an attempt will be made to summarize all avail- able information regarding the insects of Lower California and its adjacent islands. In addition the more remote Revillagigedo and Tres Marias Islands have been treated in appendices. As an introduction to this undertaking a summary of the sources of en- tomological material upon which the records have been based is presented in chronological order below. Maps have been included which are designed to indicate all localities from which entomological material has been obtained. The writers express their appreciation to the following individuals for in- formation used in the preparation of this historical summary : Mr. C. W. Leng, Miss Ella A. Beyer, Prof. G. F. Ferris, Dr. Wm. M. Mann, Dr. E. C. Van Dyke and Mr. F. H. Rindge. 1859-1861, J. Xantus de Vesey. Xantus, 1860 (an earlier trip) ; Horn, 1894 : 302; Nelson, 1921:141. John Xantus was stationed as a tidal observer for more than two years at Cape San Lucas, from April, 1859, to 1861, by the United States Coast Survey. In addition to such duties he collected natural history material for the Smith- sonian Institution. Among these collections were many insect specimens. These were perhaps the first Lower California insects to reach the hands of special- ists; the Coleoptera, for example, were divided between H. Ulke and J. L. LeConte. His letters say he visited San Jose del Cabo, the Sierra Laguna, Todos San- tos, La Paz and Magdalena Bay, in addition to traveling 350 miles up the west coast. The locality given as the source of his material is Cape San Lucas, but according to Horn the specimens were probably really collected between San Jose del Cabo and La Paz. 1867, W. M. Gahh. Browne, 1887 ; Horn, 1894 :302 ; Nelson, 1921 :141. W. M. Gabb, a member of the J. Ross Brown expedition which explored the peninsula in the interest of a colonization company, collected a small number of insects as well as other natural history specimens. The party traveled north overland from Cape San Lucas to Tijuana. No locality data were given for the specimens collected. 1888-1894, The California Academy of Sciences Expeditions. Eisen, 1895; Nelson, 1921 :143-145. The California Academy of Sciences early recognized the need for further collecting in Lower California, and sent a number of expeditions into the Vol. XXIV] MICHELBACEER AND BOSS: INTEOBVCTORY ACCOUNT 3 region between 1888 and 1894. The large number of insect specimens secured on these occasions has formed the basis for our knowledge of the nature of the fauna. As stated before, these collections were largely destroyed by the San Francisco earthquake and fire of 1906 ; however, many of the insect types were saved, and are preserved in the Entomological Museum of the California Academy of Sciences. Eisen's summary of these expeditions (1895 :753-754) is as follows : "1, Expedition in March, 1888. W. E. Bryant. Magdalena Island, San Jorge to Comondu and across the peninsula to La Giganta and Loreto. Back by La Giganta, San Gabriel, San Juan. Back through Comondu. "2. Expedition spring of 1889. W. E. Bryant and Chas. D. Haines. Magdalena Island, Santa Margarita Island, San Jorge, Comondu, from there overland to San Gregorio, San Ignacio, Calmalli, San Borgia, El Eosario, San Quintin. "3. Expedition Sex)tember and October, 1890. W. E. Bryant. San Jose del Cabo, Agua Caliente, Sierra, Triunf o. La Paz. "4. Expedition March to May, 1892. W. E. Bryant, Gustav Eisen. San Jose del Cabo, Miraflores, Agua Caliente, Santiago, Gulf Shore, Sierra Laguna, San Erancisquito, La Paz, Espiritu Santo Island, Guaymas, Sonora, Hermosillo, Durasnillas, San Miguel. ^'5. Expedition September and October, 1893. Gustav Eisen. San Jose del Cabo, Sierra El Taste, across to Pescadero and Todos Santos, Cabo San Lucas, and back to San Jose, Miraflores, San Erancisquito, Sierra Laguna, Todos Santos. "6. Expedition September, October, November, 1894. Gustav Eisen, Frank H. Vaslit. San Jose del Cabo, Miraflores, Santa Anita, La Palma, Sierra San Lazaro, El Taste, Piedra Corral. Overland from San Jose to La Paz by Santiago, San Bartolo, Triunfo, La Paz. Mazatlan by steamer to San Bias. Overland to Tepic, by land to Mazatlan, via Santiago Ixtquintla, Squinapa, El Eosario, etc." No entomologist accompanied any of the above exj^editions, and insects were perhaps collected incidental to other Natural History objects. The most im- portant collection of insects was made during the expedition of 1894. Many groups of the insects obtained were reported upon in the Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, particularly in the 1894 and 1895 volumes. 1901, Gustav Beyer. Information is based upon excerpts from Beyer's Lower California letters kindly furnished by his daughter. Miss Ella A. Beyer. These have been placed in the historical file of the Pacific Coast Entomologi- cal Society. Between February 7, and October 29, 1901, Gustav Beyer, then 61 years old, made a trip alone into the southern parts of the Cape Region for the pur- pose of collecting Coleoptera. His specimens have since become widely dis- tributed in collections throughout the United States, and many new species have been brought to light as a result. According to his letters he had the misfortune to be present in the region during a prolonged dry period, and as a result his collecting was generally poor. His travels ^vere restricted to but a small area of the Cape Region in the vicinity of San Jose del Cabo, where he stayed at various ranchos, the names 4 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th See. of which he often used on his labels. Some of the localities he visited were San Jose del Cabo, Santa Rosa, San Felipe and El Taste. 1905-1906, California Academy of Sciences Expedition to the Galapagos Islands. Nelson, 1921 :144 ; Slevin, 1931. During the southward voyage, the Schooner ''Academy'' stopped at En- senada, and on San Martin, San Geronimo, San Benito, Cedros and Natividad Islands lying off the western shores of the peninsula. During these stops Mr. F. X. Williams, the entomologist, collected a number of insect specimens. 1911, U. 8. 8. "Albatross" Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History. Townsend (1916) ; Grossbeck (1912). This expedition secured a small collection of insects in the Cape Region. These are listed by Grossbeck (1912). 1919, G. F. Ferris and J. B. 8levin. Ferris, 1920, 1921. This party spent nearly two months in the Cape Region during July and August of 1919, traveling by means of riding animals and pack mules. The season was rainy, and the following are some of the localities visited : La Paz, San Pedro, El Triunf o, Santiago, Eureka Ranch, San Bartolo, Miraflores, San Jose del Cabo, Cape San Lucas, Todos Santos and La Laguna. Professor Ferris devoted most of his time to the collecting of scale insects and did very little general collecting. This collection is deposited in the Stan- ford University Natural History Museum. Mr. Slevin collected reptiles for the California Academy of Sciences. 1921, Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Gulf of Cali- fornia. J. U.BleYm (1923). The primary aim of this expedition was to collect on the islands of the Gulf of California ; however, a few short stops made on the shores of the peninsula and on the mainland of Mexico. The insects were collected by Mr. E. P. Van Duzee and Mr. J. C. Chamberlain, and are now a part of the collection of the California Academy of Sciences. A full account of this expedition has been written by Mr. J. R. Slevin (1923) , and many of the insects have been reported in the Proceedings of the Cali- fornia Academy of Sciences (volumes of 1923 and 1924 primarily) . 1923, Wm. M. Mann (1924) . Dr. Mann made a number of trips into Lower California studying insect pests of fruit for the United States Department of Agriculture. Two trips were made by burro between Loreto and La Purisima, during which insects were collected along the trail. He also collected at Santa Rosalia and in the vicinity of La Paz. Most of the specimens according to Mann (in litt.) are still unidentified, and are in the United States National Museum. Vol. XXIV] MICHELBACHEE AND BOSS: INIBODUCTOET ACCOUNT 5 1925, California Academy of Sciences Expedition to the Revillagigedo Islands. G. Dallas Hanna (1926). Although the object of this expedition was to collect scientific data and specimens on the Revillagigedo Islands, and secondarily on the Tres Marias Islands, several short stops were made at points on the peninsula of Lower California and on the islands off its western shore. At these opportunities Mr. H. H. Keifer, the entomologist of the expedition, secured entomological material. These stops were as follows : April 19-22, Guadalupe Island ; May 28, Cape San Lucas, "about a two-hour stop" ; May 29, 30, Magdalena Bay, "rain of recent date"; June 1-3, San Bartolome Bay, "excessive aridity"; June 3-6, Cedros Island, "collecting good" ; June 7, 8, San Quintin Point ; June 8, San Martin Island, "numerous insects and spiders were taken." For a detailed account of this expedition, particularly of its work on the Revillagigedo and Tres Marias Islands, the insects of which are reported in the appendices of the reports on each group of this series, the reader is referred to Dr. Hanna's account (1926). 1928, T. Craig. During February and March of 1928 Mr. Craig visited a number of points along the shore of Lower California, Sonora, and several adjacent islands. His collections for the most part consist of Lepidoptera and have been presented to the California Academy of Sciences. He collected at the following localities : Lower California, Cape San Lucas, El Tule Ranch, La Paz, Porto Escondido, Muertos Bay, Santa Maria Bay, Espiritu Santo Island ; Sonora, San Pedro Bay ; Revillagigedo Islands, Clar- ion Island ; Socorro Island. 1930, The Newh old-Morris Expedition. Mr. Clement B. Newbold and Mr. Binghan W. Morris made an overland col- lecting trip throughout the length of Lower California from February 10th to April 3rd, 1930. According to Hebard (1931) , the expedition secured an inter- esting collection of Orthoptera. 1934, G. F. Ferris. Traveling overland by automobile. Professor Ferris and Mrs. Ferris accom- panied Dr. Forrest Shreve and T. D. Mallery of the Desert Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. The party traveled south from Tijuana to Concepcion Bay, thence back to Santa Rosalia, and by boat across the Gulf to Guaymas, where they drove north through Sonora to Nogales, Arizona. Professor Ferris collected only scale insects. The other members of the party were on a botanical expedition. The season was very dry. 6 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. 1938, Michelbacher-Ross Expedition. During the summer of 1938, between June lOtli and August 15th, an expedi- tion overland from Tijuana to Cape San Lucas and return was made with the express purpose of collecting as thoroughly as possible in a limited time the insect fauna of the peninsula. The collection thus secured has largely formed the basis for the present series of reports. The party consisted of Dr. A. E. Michelbacher and Mr. E. S. Ross of the University of California and Mrs. A. E. Michelbacher of the California State Department of Health. The members of this expedition are grateful to officials of the University of California, the Fish and Game Commission of Mexico and the Automobile Club of Southern California for their cooperation in making this venture possible. The expedition traveled by automobile, using a half-ton 1931 Model A Ford panel truck, often carrying large supplies of food, gasoline and water to traverse sparsely inhabited areas. The road south of Santo Tomas (30 miles south of Ensefiada) to the Cape, as expected, proved to be ver}^ poor and almost impassable in many places. However, for properly equipped expeditions with sufficient time to travel slowly, the trip is quite feasible. Nearly fifty, generally different, camps were made, where possible in the most promising spots for collecting throughout the length of the peninsula. The average day's collecting routine consisted of arising early in the morning to ''beat" and otherwise to search for insects until about 10 a.m., at which time camp was broken. The time from 10 a.m. until 4 or 5 in the afternoon was devoted to travel and to numerous short collecting stops along the road. Gen- erally only 50 miles were covered in this time. Camp then would be made and collecting would commence at once and continue until almost dark. At this time the gasoline lanterns would be lighted, one of these remaining stationary in a favorable spot to attract night-flying insects, the other being carried by a member of the party to illuminate the "night beating" of a companion. Often the lanterns were also used to search the ground and vegetation for crawling nocturnal insects so prevalent in such desert regions. By such a division of labor the size of the collection obtained was greatly increased. The day's col- lecting would be discontinued at 11 p.m. or later depending upon the abun- dance of the insects in the area. Approximately 50,000 specimens of insects were collected in the course of this expedition, man}^ of which were secured in localities never before visited by entomologists. Much of the mounting and labelling of the specimens obtained was accom- plished through the assistance of the National Youth Administration and Work Projects Administration. Owing to the large number of collecting stops, these and the conditions observed can be but briefl}^ summarized as follows according to the general geographic area in which they were located. The titles here used are not to be considered indicative of natural faunal areas in every case. Vol. XXIV] MICHELBACHEB AND BOSS : INTRODUCTORY ACCOUNT 7 I. NortliAvest Pacific Coastal Area between Tijuana and Rosario. The biota and climate of this region are quite similar to that of coastal San Diego County, California. It is a region of very frequent fog and scanty winter rains. At the time of the expedition's visit in the area conditions were far past their prime, and as a result collecting in general was poor. The region should be visited during the spring for the best collecting. The camps made in this area are listed as follows : 1. Eosarito Beach, June 13, August 4. Very dry; poor collecting. 2. 17 miles south of Ensenada, June 14. Watered arroyo ; fair aquatic and night collecting. 3. 20 miles south of Santos Tomas, August 3. Small, well-watered, foothill valley with dense, riparian vegetation. 4. Eio San Telmo (mouth), June 15. Very cold and foggy; little collecting. 5. Hamilton Ranch, August 2. Broad, sandy arroyo, abundant streamside vegetation. 6. Socorro, June 16. Cold and foggy; no collecting. 7. 15 miles north of Eosario, August 1. Beach; collecting under seaweed good. Of the many stops en route, one deserves particular mention, that being the one made on the broad plain near San Quintin on August 2, where collecting was good on the varied plants growing thereabout. II. The Arid, Central Mountainous Plateau Region between Rosario and Punta Prieta. In the rocky hills east of Rosario the flora suddenly takes on a new aspect. Idi^ia columnaris and Pachycereus pringlei and many species of cacti dominate the scene. In the plateau region about El Marmol the vegetation is scanty and conditions in many respects seem to represent a southern continuation of the Colorado Desert of California. Near Catavina a granitic formation is exposed which produces a very rough, boulder-covered terrain upon which grow numerous Pachycereus, Iclria, Pachycormus discolor, Opuntia, Fouquieria splendens, etc., and in certain arroyos fan palms of the genera WasJmigtonia and Glaucothea are abundant. Dense growths of Yucca valida are seen on the sandy plain bordering the northwestern base of the Sierra San Borjas. On the alluvial gravel plains, north of and about Punta Prieta, the Pachycormus which were in bloom are particularly abundant. This last mentioned region in spite of its rich flora is extremely arid and the vegetation seems to be highly adapted to such conditions. Camps were made in this area as follows : 1. 18 miles east of Eosario, June 17. Poor collecting, due to cold, foggy night. 2. San Fernando, July 30. Marshy, alkali valley surrounded by extreme desert hills. 3. 7 miles south of El Marmol, June 18. Cool night; good beating on cat-claw and mes- quite. 4. Catavina, June 19 Wet arroyo ; variety of conditions ; fair collecting. 5. 10 miles south of Catavina, July 29. Arroyo ; fair "light collecting." 6. Chapala Dry Lake, June 20. Very dry ; good beating on mesquite. 7. 15 miles north of Punta Prieta, July 28. Dry; good night collecting, 8. 10 miles south of Punta Prieta, June 21. Broad, dry valley; dense large mesquite grove. 8 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. III. The Foggy Pacific Coast Desert. The immediate coastal plain in this area is very desolate. The plants near the shore, P achy cor mus, Fouquieria peninsularis, etc., are much stunted and gnarled by wind and covered with dense epiphytic growths. For many miles inland the foggy conditions continue to produce perhaps even more extensive such growths on the desert plants and rocks. The climate is characterized by nearly perpetual fogs which during the night may drift inland to the moun- tains. These probably prevail throughout much of the length of the northern half of the Pacific coast. About Mesquital the Yucca valida attain huge proportions, some specimens being nearly 15 feet high and of equal extent. These bore numerous large blossoming heads. Insect collecting in this area proved to be poor. Several stops were made during the daytime en route, and two camps were made at Mesquital, June 22 and July 27, with but fair collecting success. IV. The Vizcaino Desert. The road passes along the eastern portion of this, the largest desert in Lower California. The flora proved to be richer than might be expected, and many plants found commonly much farther to the south were seen here for the first time. Pachycereus, Agave and Yucca valida are common in the northern part, the first mentioned being particularly large and dense just south of Mesquital. Several areas were collected which had received relatively recent water, and the resultant growth of annuals was very profuse. A corresponding increase in the animal life was also noted. A number of rocky arroyos toward the southern extremity of the desert showed evidences of great floods originating in the rugged mountains to the east. These as a result possessed plant life rich in species. Camps were located as follows : 1. 14 miles south of the El Arco Mine, June 23. An area that had been flooded during the past season ; spiny poppies very large ; mesquite in full bloom. 2. 45 miles north of San Ignacio, July 26. Near an arroyo ; night-collecting good, rain threatening. 3. 15 miles north of San Ignacio, June 24 and July 25. In a rocky arroyo which had re- cently carried water ; collecting good. V. The South-Central, Rocky, Volcanic Mountain Region. The mountains of this region, of which the Sierra Giganta constitutes the dominant range, consist largely of volcanic rocks. The rough basaltic rock which is present supports rather scattered vegetation, most of the species of which occur on a larger scale in the Cape Region. Several deep gorges are present which possess large springs making possible considerable agriculture such as at San Ignacio in the north, and Comondu and La Purisima farther south. Perhaps due to the replacement of the native flora in these places by Vol. XXIV] MICHELBACHEB AND BOSS: INIBODUCTOBY ACCOUNT 9 cultivated plants such as date palms, sugar cane, corn, grapes, figs, mangoes, etc., collecting proved to be very poor. High in the mountains north of Co- mondu several lagoons of fresh water were present, the surrounding native flora of which provided good collecting. Some of the common plants of this region are Elaphrium, Jatropha, Cerci- dium, Prosopis, Lysiloma Candida, Lemaireocereus tliiir'beri, Salix, Pachy- cereus, Opiintia and Ficus palmeri. This region, of course, receives more rain than the surrounding desert, but much less and more sporadic than that of the Cape Region. During the trip south no rain of appreciable amount had fallen where the expedition passed, but showers were seen in the distance on many sides. However, before the re- turn journey considerable rain had fallen along the road, and its effect on the vegetation and insects was noticeable. These rains are often localized, and although one area may receive abundant rain, a neighboring locality may fail to have rain even for a series of years in succession. Most of the arroyos of these mountains drain toward the west as the moun- tains, like the Sierra Nevada of California and most other ranges of Lower California, rise abruptly on the east and slope gently westward. Camps in this area were located as follows : 1. San Ignacio, June 25. Agricultural area ; poor collecting. 2. 25 miles west of Santa Eosalia, June 26. At base of one of the Tres Virgines volcanoes. Very arid ; vegetation sparse ; collecting poor. 3.20 miles north of Comondu, July 1 (no camp), and July 23. Fresh water lagoons; excellent collecting. 4. Comondu, July 21, 22. Agricultural area; fair collecting. 5. San Miguel, July 2. Conditions similar to above. 6. 5 miles west of San Miguel, July 20. In a deep gorge ; vegetation large, but no rain in several years ; collecting poor. 7. 20 miles west of La Paz, July 16 ] Northern extension of Cape Eegion 8. 15 miles west of La Paz, July 4 ( flora ; very dry, collecting fair. VI. The Shores of the Gulf of California. The region bordering the west shore of the gulf is very arid. In most spots the shores are alkaline and support salt marsh vegetation. Mangrove trees are common south of Santa Rosalia, bordering and growing in the frequent salt water lagoons and estuaries. The blossoms of these attracted many insects. On the very dry, rough rocky slopes behind the shore a sparse vegetation domi- nated by cacti is present. Littoral collecting was good, but the almost complete absence of seaweed on the beaches reduces the fauna considerably. Collections were made at the following camps : 1. 12 miles south of Santa Eosalia, June 27 (near San Bruno) , Fair collecting. 2. 25 miles south of Santa Eosalia, July 25. Well inland next to a broad arroyo ; recent rain. 3. Coyote Cove, Concepcion Bay, June 28, 29, 30 ; July 24. Collecting good on mangrove blossoms only. 4. La Paz, July 16. Brief littoral collecting (no camp). 5. Buena Vista, July 7. (Cape Eegion) very poor (no camp) 10 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. VII. The Magdalena Plain. This low, silty plain gently sloping westward has apparently resulted from the deposition of sand and silt from the mountains to the east. There are indi- cations that until recent geological times it was beneath the sea, and therefore the biota it supports has moved on to it later from neighboring residual areas. The Magdalena Bay is undoubtedly a remnant of this encroachment of the sea, and the islands along its western margin, the Santa Margarita and Santa Magdalena Islands, which are mountainous and composed largely of Pre- Cretaceous schists (Darton, 1921) , were probably once more widely separated from the mainland. Fouquieria peninsiilaris with its covering of Orchilla is the dominant plant amid which grow cacti : PacJiycereus, Lemaireocereus gummosus and eruca (the latter very localized about San Domingo), numerous Opuntia, Eckino- cereus and Lophocereus. A number of large arroyos originating in the sierra to the east cross the plain, along which there are dense growths of mesquite. A characteristic feature of the plain is the very numerous, shallow, dry lake beds which are generally devoid of vegetation. No recent rain had fallen at the time visited, but during the return trip the clouds were threatening and a few drops of rain fell. Sporadic occurrences of parched grass indicated the presence of appreciable rain, perhaps during the previous year. In such spots collecting was very good. Principal collections were made at the following localities : 1. San Domingo, July 19. Large, mesquite-bordered arroyo ; very dry but collecting ex- cellent. 2. 15 miles north of El Eef ugio, July 3. Another such arroyo ; parched grass present, very dry but collecting excellent. 3. Magdalena Bay, July 18 (south of Medano Amarillo). Beach near mangroves; littoral collecting good ; rain threatening. 4. Venancio, July 17. Large arroyo ; very dry; collecting good. VIII. The Cape Region. This famous region, which until recent gelogical time was separated from the rest of the peninsula as an island, possesses the richest and best known fauna and flora of Lower California. Eisen (1895) gives a vivid description of this region. The rains are of more or less regular occurrence and generally come in the summer months. Rains had already commenced a few weeks prior to the ar- rival of the part in the region early in July. The countryside showed evidences of its variable amount and of time interval in the various shades of green of the vegetation covering the mountains. The earliest and greatest amount of rain had evidently fallen in the vicinity of Miraflores, for the vegetation there was much more advanced than elsewhere visited. The general conditions encountered were comparable to very early spring in temperate regions, and Vol. XXIV] MICHELBACHER AND BOSS: INTRODUCTORY ACCOUNT 11 most of the insects collected were probably representatives of the brood that had survived the long dry season. It was too early to have had the opportunity of collecting the more populous later generations. Collections were made chiefly at the following points : 1. 3 miles north of San Pedro, July 5. Very recent rain. 2. 6 miles north of Triunf o, July 15. Eecent rain. 3. Triunfo, July 6, 13, 14. Spring-like conditions; collecting good. 4. 5 miles north of San Bartolo, July 12. Early effect of rain. 5. Santiago, July 7. Near small area recently cleared of brush; dry. 6. Miraflores, July 8. (Boca de Sierra). Dense jungle-like growth. 7. 10 miles south of Miraflores, July 11. Excellent collecting. 8. 10 miles west of San Jose del Cabo, July 9. (Near coast). Very dry; poor collecting. 9. 8 miles east of Cape San Lucas, July 10. At beach, dry. 10. Todos Santos, July 15. (No camp). Very dry, but collecting fair. In addition to the above, numerous stops were made along the road ; collect- ing was found to be particularly good in rotting Elaphrium and Pachycereus and at lio^hts. ■■o" 1938-1939, Rindge Exj) edit ions. Two expeditions traveling entirely by boat, the yacht ^'Samona II,'' were made by the Rindge family, during which Lepidoptera were collected. The first began in mid-December, and lasted until early January of 1939. Fred H. Rindge and Mr. and Mrs. Samuel H. Rindge acted as collectors. The peninsular localities collected were: San Lucas Bay (best collecting), Los Frailes Bay, Pulpito Bay, San Marte Bay, Puerto Escondido, Las Animas Bay, Muertos Bay. The gulf islands visited were San Jose Island (Armortajada Bay and north end) and Tiburon Island (Monument Bay). Stops were also made in Sonora at San Pedro Bay, San Carlos Bay and Guaymas. The second trip, with Mr. and Mrs. S. K. Rindge and Capt. W. B. Studley as collectors, was made during April and May of 1939. The only Lower Cali- fornia stops were at San Lucas and Muertos Bays, where conditions were found to be too dry for good collecting. Other collections w^ere made in the states of Guerrero, Jalisco and Sinaloa on the iMexican mainland. 1939, Mexican to San Felipe. The region south of Mexicali for many miles is rich irrigated farm land, a southern extension of that of the Imperial Valley of California. As expected, the insect fauna is also similar. Farther south, near Hardy's Colorado River at El Mayor, very dense growths of mesquite are present, with an abrupt narrow fringe of Salix, etc., bordering the river. To the west the Sierra de los Cucopahs rise, very rocky and almost bare of vegetation. South of El Mayor a 40-mile strip of bare, salt flat, bordered to the west by the Sierra Pinta, is present which is frequently flooded by the high tides of the head of the Gulf of California. Recentlv these tides have made their way 12 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. many miles farther inland, and as a result acres of mesquite have died due to salt-water flooding. Near San Felipe the land is more elevated and consists of gravel and sand. Many southern species of plants are present in spite of the great aridity. Two short trips were made into this region in 1939 ; the first by E. S. Ross and C. D. Michener in early April. Collections were made 20 miles south of Palacio, near El Mayor and 20 miles west of Mexicali. The party could not proceed very far south of El Mayor because of the then-impassable muddy salt flat. During this same trip two stops were made on the Pacific coast at Rosarito Beach south of Tijuana. The second trip was made by E. S. Ross and R. Folsom in late June. Collec- tions were made in the agricultural area south of Mexicali and in the vicinity of San Felipe. Collecting was particularly good on the beach at this point under numerous large, dead fish left by fishermen. 1941, California Academy of Sciences Expedition to Lower California. Between September 19 and November 5, 1941, an expedition from the Cali- fornia Academy of Sciences collected insects and plants in Lower California. Insects were collected by Dr. E. S. Ross and Mr. G. E. Bohart and the plants by Miss B. J. Hammerly. Also in the party were Mrs. Berta Jongeneel and Mr. Morton Gleason, Jr. The above group traveled overland in a one and one-half -ton truck and col- lected at many of the localities visited by the Michelbacher-Ross expedition of 1938. At this time of year, however, the mountains and much of the low- lands from Santa Rosalia to Cape San Lucas showed the benefit of an abun- dance of late summer rain. The trees and shrubs were in full leaf and the ground often covered with grass and blossoming annuals. As a result the collection obtained is rich in flower-visiting Diptera and Hymenoptera. Cool nights and the late season seemed to limit the number of insects attracted to the lights, but nevertheless an excellent collection of moths was thus obtained. A side trip was made by mule from Todos Santos to La Laguna in the Sierra Laguna. The collection of insects made in this region with its isolated associa- tion of pine, oak and madrone should prove to be particularly interesting. w ^ ^ vt* "A* w '!? In addition to the above, the G. Allan Hancock Expeditions should be men- tioned ; these which commenced in 1934 and have continued annually since, have secured numbers of important insect specimens in and about Lower California. Vol. XXIV] MICHELBACEEB AND BOSS : INTEODUCTOEY ACCOUNT 13 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Automobile Club of Southern California. 1934. Log of the Peninsula of Lower California and the Gulf of California. Outing Bureau Auto. Club S. Calif., Los Angeles, California, 23 pp., map. 1939. Eevised edition. Browne, J. E., et al. 1887. Resources of the Pacific Slope. Pp. 1-678 ; 1-200, New York. Bryant, W. E. 1891. The Cape region of Lower California. Zoe, 2:185-201. Darton, N. H. 1921. Geological Reconnaissance in Baja California. Journ. Geol., 29:721-748. ElSEN, G. 1895. Explorations in the Cape Region of Baja California in 1894, with references to former Expeditions of the California Academy of Sciences. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (2) 5:733-775, pi. 72-75, maps. Emmons, S. F., and Merrill, G. P. 1894. A geological sketch of Lower California. Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., 5:489-515. Ferris, G. F. 1920. Insects of economic importance in the Cape Region of Lower California, Mexico. Journ. Econ. Ent., 13:463-467. 1921. Report on a collection of Coccidae from Lower California. Stanford Univ. Publ., Univ., Series, Biol. Sci., 1: pt. 2 : 61-132, 52 figs. Goldman, E. A. 1916. Plant records of an expedition to Lower California. Contr. L^. S. Nat. Herbarium, 16(14) :309-371, 1-XIII, pi. 104-133, map. Grossbeck, J. A. 1912. List of insects collected by the Albatross Expedition in Lower California in 1911, with description of a new species of wasp. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 31:323-326. Hebard, M. 1931. Studies in Lower California Orthoptera. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, 57:113-127, pi. 22. Hanna, G. D. 1926. Expedition to the Revillagigedo Islands, Mexico, in 1925 — general report. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (4) 15:1-94, pi. 1-10. Horn, G. H. 1894. The Coleoptera of Baja California (I). Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (2) 4:302-449, pi. Mann, Wm. M. 1924. Myrmecophiles from the western United States and Lower California. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 17:87-95, figs. Nelson, E. W. 1885. Natural history of the Tres Marias Islands. U.S.D.A. Biol. Survey 1885, N. A. Fauna No. 14. 1911. A land of drought and desert — Lower California. National Geogr. Mag. 22:443-474, 28 ill. 1921. Lower California and its natural resources. Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci. 16:1-194, pi. 1-35. (Excellent treatise and complete bibliography.) 14 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. Schmidt, K. P. 1922. The amphibians and reptiles of Lower California and the neighboring islands. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 46:607-707, figs. Slevin, J. E. 1923. Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Gulf of California in 1921 — General Account. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (4) 12:55-72, map. 1931. Log of the Schooner "Academy." A voyage of scientific research to the Galapagos Islands 1905-1906. Occ. papers Calif. Acad. Sci. 17:1-162, 16 pi., map. Streets, T. H. 1877. Contributions to the natural history of the Hawaiian and Fanning Islands and Lower California. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 7:1-172. TOWNSEND, C. H. 1916. Voyage of the Albatross to the Gulf of California in 1911. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 35 : 399-476, figs. 1-45, map. Xantus, de Vesey, J. 1860. Travel in the southern parts of California. Budapest ; Lauffer and Stolp, Publishers. EXPLANATION OF PLATES PLATES 1-3 The maps on Plates 1-3 were prepared to indicate the principal localities in Lower California at which collections of insects have been made. Information has been freely compiled from many sources but principally from maps published as follows: Eisen, Gustav, and F. H. Vaslit. 1895. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 5; Plates 72-75B. Nelson, E. W. 1921. Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci., Vol. 16, 1st Memoir. Slevin, J. R. 1923. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (4) 12:55-72 (Map by G. D. Hanna), Outing Map of Low^er (Baja) California and the Gulf of Cali- fornia, Automobile Club of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. PROC. CALIF. ACAD. SCI.. 4TH SERIES. VOL. XXIV. NO. 1 [M ICHELBACHER AND ROSS] PLATE 1 [15] PROC. CALIF. ACAD. SCI., 4TH SERIES. VOL. XXIV. NO. 1 [M ICH ELBACHER AND ROSS] PLATE 2 [17] PROC. CALIF. ACAD. SCI.. 4TH SERIES. VOL. XXIV. NO. 1 [M ICHELBACH ER AND ROSS] PLATE 3 [19] PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Fourth Series Vol. XXIV, No. 2, pp. 21-96, pis. 4-5 March 31, 1942 CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARD A KNOWLEDGE OF THE INSECT FAUNA OF LOWER CALIFORNIA* No. 2 COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE BY E. GORTON LINSLEY University of California THE FIRST RECORDS of Cerambycidae from tlie peninsula of Lower California are to be found in a brief report by LeConte (1861) . In this paper he men- tions four longicorn species, previously known from southwestern United States, which were present in Lower California material collected by John Xantus de Vesey in 1859-1860. In 1862, Bland described two species {Ehuria iilkei and Moneilema sul)r%igosum) from Xantus material which had found its way into the collections of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia. These were the first Cerambycidae actually described from the peninsula, but Le- Conte added two more {Oxoplus cruentus and 0. margmatus) within the same year. During the period from 1862 to 1873, a few additional species from the Xantus collections were mentioned b}^ LeConte in scattered references but it was not until the latter year that he made any systematic attempt to describe the new ones. In a paper published at that time he described fifteen new species with type localities recorded as "Cape San Lucas." To these Horn added one or two more in the next few years which he merely cited as from the "Peninsula of Lower California." It was not until the early expeditions of the California Academy of Sciences, beginning in 1888, that definite localities were known * Printed from the John W. Hendrie Publication Endowment. [21] 22 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. for Lower California Cerambycidae. In the reports by Horn (1894-95) on the results of these expeditions, fifty-three species were listed from the penin- sula, of which eight were described as new. In 1901, the Cape Eegion of Lower California was visited by Gustav Beyer, w^ho returned with many interesting Cerambycidae. A few of these were studied by H. C. Fall but the majority ultimately went into the possession of Charles Schaeffer. Each of these men added a few new longicorns to the penin- sular list. Their work was followed by that of Casey, who published descrip- tions of several new Lower California species between 1912 and 1924. However, the Casey specimens had mostly come from either material collected by the Academy expeditions or hy Beyer, and his new^ names mostly involved species which had appeared under other names in previous lists. The most recent addi- tions to the known fauna were made by Linsley (1934) in a report on the collections of the later Academy expeditions. In this paper seven species were added to the faunal list (two described as new) . These brought the total num- ber of Cerambycidae known from Lower California and the adjacent islands to seventj^-nine. The present paper is based on the very fine collections made by the Michel- bacher-Ross expedition of 1938. In spite of the fact that this expedition traversed the peninsula in the dry season, seventy-three species of Cerambyci- dae were taken, only six less than the total number previously known from the entire area. Of these species, twenty-four are here described as new, and thir- teen are recorded from Lower California for the first time. Thus one-half of the species which they captured were new to the peninsular list. From this fact we must conclude that our knowledge of the cerambycid fauna of Lower Cali- fornia is still very fragmentary. DISTRIBUTION Generalizations on the origin and distribution of the Lower California ceram- bycid fauna must be purely provisional in the present state of our knowledge. The Cerambycidae of northwestern Mexico are almost unknown and without the possibility of comparing the faunas of the two sides of the Gulf of Cali- fornia, the apparent percentage of endemism in Lower California will be unduly high. However, with this fact in mind a few tentative observations may be made on the basis of the limited material now available for study. From an analysis of the Cerambycidae it seems quite evident that there are at least four well-marked faunas on the peninsula. Two of these, the Van- couveran and Californian, are poorly represented. The former is now known in Lower California by only three longicorn species (Prionus calif ornicus, Atimia dor sails, and Xylotrechiis insignis). This fauna attains its southern- most point in the San Pedro Martir, and as these mountains are more thor- oughly explored other Vancouveran Cerambycidae undoubtedly will be found. The Californian fauna as represented on the peninsula, occurs on several of the west coast islands and extends southward from San Diego County at least Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY: CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 23 as far as Rosario along the coast and inland nearly to Punta Prieta. It is also to be found in the San Pedro Martir Mountains. Five of the species recorded below are representative of this fauna, most typical of which are Ipochus fasciatus and Ortholeptura insignis. One cerambycid species, Ipochus in- sularis, is apparently an insular endemic. It has thus far been found only on Middle San Benito Island. The largest and most interesting of the peninsular faunas is that of the Cape Region, and a few humid river valleys and oases to the north. Of the Cerambycidae which at present seem to be restricted to this area, twenty-six species appear to have been derived from the Neotropical Fauna, eleven from the Sonoran fauna, and four are so isolated taxonomically that their origin is too obscure for classification. Fourteen species are now known to occur both in the Cape Region and in areas outside of Lower California, and of these, eight are clearly Neotropical, six are Sonoran. Thus it would appear that ap- proximately two-thirds of the Cape Region cerambycid fauna is of Neotropical derivation. This does not mean, however, that the fauna was necessarily received from the south or from across the Gulf of California, although either of these routes might possibly have been available at some time in the past. The existence of a number of Cape Region species (or their closest relatives) in humid pockets on each side of the Gulf of California, as well as along the Colorado River in southern California and Arizona, suggests the possibility that the present Cape fauna may be a remnant of a once more extensive biota which has retreated with increasing aridity. The fact that the Cape fauna contains endemic longicorn genera, some of them isolated taxonomically, further suggests that the fauna is an ancient one. The portion of Lower California north of the Cape Region is, as would be expected from its climate and topography, almost purely Sonoran (except for the slight penetration of Vancouveran and Californian elements as noted above) . Only seven species of Cerambycidae appear to be endemic to this area and with further collecting many of these will probably be found elsewhere. With one exception, they are all of Sonoran derivation. Among the species which occur both in this area and outside of the peninsula, eight are typically Sonoran, one is doubtfully Austro-Riparian, none can be said to be Neotropi- cal. This fauna then, is clearly part of that of the great Mexican plateau and the arid portions of southwestern United States. The known cerambycid fauna of this area would seem to indicate that it is of much more recent origin than that of the Cape Region. METHODS The procedure followed in the present paper has been the systematic listing of all the species of Cerambycidae known to occur in Lower California and the adjacent islands, with a bibliography, distribution, and host summary for each. The source of previous records has been indicated by identical numbers appended to the localities, etc., and the corresponding bibliographical cita- 24 CALIFOBNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. tions. All new records, unless otherwise indicated, are from the collections of the Michelbacher-Ross Expedition of 1938. The holotypes and allotypes of the new species have been placed in the California Academy of Sciences. Para- types will be found in the collections of A. E. Michelbacher, E. S. Ross, the California Academy of Sciences, and the writer. The latter is very greatly in- debted to Dr. Michelbacher and Dr. Ross for the privilege of studying their very interesting collections, and to the late E. P. Van Duzee and the authorities of the California Academy of Sciences for the opportunity of examining the extensive Lower California series which is in their care. Appreciation is also expressed to Mrs. Frieda M. Abernathy, of Berkeley, California, who prepared the excellent drawings which accompany the paper. (1) Stenodontes (Nothopleurus) lobigenis (Bates) Nothopleurus lobigenis Bates, 1884, Biol. Centrr.-Amer., Colept., 5 235\ Stenodontes (Nothopleurus) lohigeiiis, Lameere, 1902, Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., 9: 101; LiNSLEY, 1934, Pan-Pac, Ent., 10: 59 (record)-; Linsley, 1934, Ent. News, 45: 162; Linsley and Boss, 1940, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 76 (record). Mallodon gnatlio LeConte (nee White), 1858, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliila., 1858: 81. Mallodon mandihulare Gemminger (nee Eabriciiis), 1872, Coleopt. Hefte, 10: 254; Bates, 1859, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 10; Bates, 1884, I.e., 5: 234; Horn, 1884, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, 7:9; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 337 (record)^ Stenodontes castaneus Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11: 225*, n. syn. This species varies greatly in size and in the series at hand ranges from 21 to 38 mm. in the female and from 20 to 40 mm. in the male (measurements in both sexes exclusive of mandibles) . In the male the mandibles are long, slender, and less strongly surved than in the female and vary from as long as the head to one and three-fourths times as long. The antennae attain the middle of the elytra in the male, about basal one-fourth in the female. In both sexes the metepisterna is narrow, in the male it is arcuate. Although I have not examined the type of Stenodontes castajieus Casey, the original description fits the pres- ent species so well that there can be little doubt that it is conspecific. Type locality : Bay of Tehuantepec, Mexico^ Recorded distribution : southwestern United States from Texas to southern California ; western Mexico from Oaxaca to Sonora ; Gulf of California : Car- men Island" ; Lower California : San Felipe*, Santa Rosa*, La Paz", San Jose del Cabo'. New records : Chapala Dry Lake, July 21 ; 20 miles north of Comondu, July 2 ; Comondu, July 22; 15 miles north of El Refugio, July 4 ; Venancio, July 17 ; 15 miles west of La Paz, July 5 ; 3 miles north of San Pedro, July 6 ; 5 miles west of San Bartolo, July 13 ; Santiago, July 8 ; Miratlores, July 8 ; 8 miles northeast of San Lucas, July 10. Forty-seven examples of this species (fourteen males) were taken by Michel- bacher and Ross, mostly in the southern half of the peninsula, either at light or under loose bark of Elaphrium. Apparently the species is equally common in the Cape Region and the desert areas to the north. In addition to the Michel- Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 25 bacher and Ross material, I have also examined Lower California specimens from Santa Rosa (Beyer, Leng-Cazier), La Paz (C.A.S.), San Jose del Cabo (C.A.S., Leng-Cazier), El Taste (Leng-Cazier), and Carmen Island (C.A.S.). (2) Stenodontes (Mallodon) molarius (Bates) Mallodon molarium Bates, 1879, Biol. Centr-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 9, pi. 1, f. 10-11^; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 337 (record)^- Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23 : 164. Stenodontes (Mallodon) molarius, Lameere, 1902, Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., 9: 74. This species is larger than the preceding, and differs in the broad metepi- sterna and pronounced sexual dimorphism in the sculpturing of the pronotum. It is a tropical and subtropical form, and in Lower California is apparently restricted to the Cape Region. No specimens were captured by Michelbacher and Ross. Type locality : Mexico\ Recorded distribution : northern South America ; Central America ; south- ern and central Mexico; Lower California : San Jose del Cabo^ ]\Iaterial has been seen from the following localities in Lower California : Santa Rosa (Beyer, Leng-Cazier), and San Jose del Cabo (C.A.S.). (3) Derobrachus geminatus LeConte DeroTjrachus geminatus LeConte, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1853 : 233. Braderochus geminatus, Lacordaire, 1869, Gen. Coleopt., 8 : 74. Derohrachus (Derohrachus) geminatus, Lameere, 1911, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 55: 264. This well knoAvn species, widely distributed throughout southwestern United States and northern Mexico, is apparently represented in Lower California by a single subspecies, forreri Bates. (3a) Derobrachus geminatus forreri (Bates) Derohrachus forreri Bates, 1884, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Colept., 5: 230^; Schaefeer, 1902, NeAvs, 13 : 235-. Derohrachus geminatus forreri, Lameere, 1911, Ann. Ent. Soc. Belg., 15: 265; Grossbeck, 1912, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31: 325 (record)^; Van Dyke, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 58 (record)*. Derohrachus geminatus, LeConte, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1861: 335 (record)^; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 337 (record)^; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 59 (record)'^. This subspecies differs from D. geminatits geminatus by the more narrowly separated eyes, more slender antennae, more densely punctate and externally grooved male tibiae, and the bispinose male elytral apices. In the series at hand, each of these characters exhibits some variation, but no individual ex- hibits all of the characters of the typical form from Texas and Arizona. Type locality : Presidio, Mexico\ Recorded distribution : northwestern Mexico ; Gulf of California : Angel de la Guardia Island' ; Lower Calif ornia"' ^ : Santa Rosalia' ; San Jose del Cabo^ ; Cape Region between San Jose and Triunf o^ 26 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. New Records : San Fernando, July 31 ; 10 miles south of Catavina, July 29 ; 45 miles north of San Ignacio, July 27 ; 5 miles south of San Miguel, July 20; Comondu, July 22 ; San Domingo, July 19 ; 15 miles north of El Refugio, July 4. Host : "roots of olive trees"*. Thirty-nine examples of this subspecies were captured by Michelbacher and Ross between July 4 and July 31. Two specimens (females) were taken under loose bark, the remainder (males) were attracted to light. Nearly all were col- lected on the return trip, after leaving the Cape Region, and were found from El Refugio north to San Fernando. In addition to the Michelbacher and Ross specimens, I have seen Lower California material from the following locali- ties : Santa Rosalia (C.A.S.), Santa Rosa (Beyer, Leng-Cazier), San Jose del Cabo (C.A.S.), Cape San Lucas (C.A.S.), and Angel de la Guardia Island (C.A.S.). (4) Prionus calif ornicus Motschulsky Prionus calif ornicus Motschulsky, 1845, Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, 18: 89, pi. 2, f. 9; Le- CoNTE, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2)2: 177 ; Mannerheim, 1852, Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, 25: 364; Leng, 1884, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, 7: 58; Bates, 1892, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1892: 144 (record); Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3: 242; Lameere, 1912, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 56: 242; Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11: 216; Linsley, 1938, Pan- Pac. Ent., 14: 105 (syn.). Prionus crassicornis LeConte, 1851, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 2: 108; Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11: 216. Prionus calif ornicus ineptis Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 242. Prionus ineptis, Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11: 219. Prionus humeraUs Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11 : 216. This species has not been previously recorded from Lower California. Three males were taken by Michelbacher and Ross, one of which differs in having thirteen segmented antennae, the last segment of the maxillary palpi widest at the middle, the tarsi more slender, and the elytra rougher. Thus this speci- men is even more extreme than the form to which Lameere gave the name Prionus hornii. Although the antennae are thirteen segmented, the form is not at all like P. lecontei Lameere, from California, which is larger and has very long antennal processes. However, practically all of the forms (species, subspecies, varieties?) which have been named from the calif ornicus complex are based upon males, and until females can be definitely associated with them their status cannot be satisfactorily determined. In the opinion of the present writer they will probably prove to be no more than individual variants of a single plastic species. Type locality : California. Recorded distribution : Alaska to New Mexico, Sonora, and southern Cali- fornia. New records : 17 miles south of Ensenada, June 14; 20 miles south of Santo Tomas, July 3. Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CEEAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 27 (5) Smodicum pacificum Linsley Smodicum pacificum Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 107. The genus Smodicum has not been previously recorded from Lower Cali- fornia. Specimens captured by Michelbacher and Ross represent a new sub- species of >S^. pacificum, described originally from the Tres Marias Islands. (5a) Smodicum pacificum peninsulare Linsley, new subspecies Male : Form elongate, flat, subparallel ; color testaceous, shining ; vestiture short, very sparse, suberect, yellowish, with a few^ scattered, long, erect hairs intermixed ; punctation sparse, fine. Head at least as wide as pronotum ; vertex nearly plane, coarsely puctured, the punctures varying from one to four punc- ture widths apart, median line feebly impressed ; neck with sides a little con- vex, subparallel or feebly narrowed posteriorly ; antennae barely surpassing middle of elytra, scape robust, nearly as long as two following segments to- gether, second segment wider than long, third segment distinctly longer than fourth but a little shorter than fifth segment. Pronotum about as broad as long, widest a little behind the middle, octagonal, antero-lateral and postero-lateral angles obtusely rounded; surface moderately finely, sparsely punctured; prosternum with lateral oval depressions dull, scabrous, intercoxal process broad, at least as wide as coxae, expanded and emarginate posteriorly ; meso- sternum broad, as wide as coxae, emarginate posteriorly. Elytra about three times as long as broad ; surface sparsely, obscurely, puctured ; apices feebly expanded, broadly separately rounded. Legs short ; femora robust ; posterior tarsi with first segment barely longer than two following together. Abdomen with sternites shining, finely sparsely punctured ; fifth sternite shorter than fourth, transverse, apex emarginate. Length : 7-10 mm. Female : Form a little less robust than male; antennae not attaining middle of elytra ; pronotum f eeblj^ wider than long ; prosternum scarcely impressed at sides but moderately coarsely punctured ; fifth sternite longer than fourth, narrow, rounded at apex. Length : 6-9 mm. Holotijpe, male (No. 5235, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent) and allotype, female (No. 5236), and fourteen paratypes (males) from Miraflores, July 8, 1938. Additional paratypes : three females, one male, from 5 miles south of Mira- flores, July 10, a male and female from Santiago, July 8, and two males from Triunfo, July 13, all collected by Michelbacher and Ross under bark of Elaphrium. Three paratypes have been deposited in the collection of the Cali- fornia Academy of Sciences, six in the collection of the writer, the remainder divided between the Michelbacher and Ross collections. This subspecies differs from the typical form from the Tres IMarias by the subparallel or feebly narrowed neck. One male example from Miraflores (not designated as a paratype) disagrees with the others by having the postero- lateral angles of the pronotum distinct, almost tuberculif orm, two vague, dark, 28 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. longitudinal, i^ronotal vittae, and the antennae, including the scape, more slender. This is probably an individual variation but may actually represent a different species. (6) Atimia dorsalis LeConte Antimia dorsalis LeConte, 1869, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) : 385^; Horn, 1876, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 5: 199 (record) ^j Leng, 1890, Entom. Amer., 6: 10: Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 339 (record)=^; Craighead, 1922, Can. Dept. Agr., Bull. 27: 34 (habits) %• Hardy, 1926, Eep. Prov. Mus. B. C, 1925: 32, pi. 4, fig. 6; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 24; Linsley, 1936, Pan-Pac. Ent., 12: 199 (habits)^; Linsley, 1939, Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 38 : 70, pi. 14, fig. 4. No Lower California examples of A. dorsalis have been seen by the writer, but the species is included on the authority of Dr. George Horn. The larvae feed exclusively in cupressaceous (sensu lato) wood, and in southern Cali- fornia are often injurious to ornamental Cypress. Type locality : "Vancouver's Island"^ Recorded distribution : Pacific Slope of North America from British Colum- bia southward ; Lower California : south of San Diego^, Guadalupe Island^ Hosts : Ctipressus, Jimiperiis, etc.'' " (7) Styloxus lucanus LeConte Styloxus lucanus LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 240; Hamilton, 1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23: 162; Linsley, 1940, Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 39:35. Styloxus lucanus was described from the male. The female differs in having slightly longer elytra (not, however, attaining the apex of the abdomen), and antennae that are shorter than the body with the outer segments greatly abbre- viated. The fifth abdominal sternite is modified as in Metliia, and the apical cicatrix of the antennal scape is very prominent in both sexes. In the series captured by Michelbacher and Ross the size varies from 7 to 11 mm. Type locality : "Cape San Lucas." New records : 15 miles north of Punta Prieta, July 29 ; Comondu, July 22 ; five miles south of San Miguel, July 20 ; San Domingo, July 19 ; six miles north of Triunf o, July 15 ; Triunf o, July 7, 13 ; five miles west of San Bartolo, July 13. A fine series of fifty-one examples was captured by Michelbacher and Ross, mostly at light in the Cape Region. The single example from north of Punta Prieta is a dwarfed male. (8) Methia debilis (Horn) (Plate 4, figs. 1,2) Dysphaga dehilis Horn, 1895, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 5: 246; Leng and Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23 : 163. Methia dehilis, Linsley, 1940, Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 39 : 31. This delicate little species was placed by its described in the genus Dysphaga LeConte (= Tessaropa Haldeman) but its characters are much more nearly those of Methia. Only the female was known to Horn. The male differs mark- Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY: CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 29 edly in appearance, and is more robust with longer antennae, both the head and thorax piceous, and the elytra about twice as long as broad. In the female, th^ head is normally dark with the thorax testaceous, but one example in the series at hand has the head testaceous except for the black eyes. Tijpe:^o. 73, Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent., ?. Type locality : San Jose del Cabo. New records : 20 miles north of Comondu, July 23 ; 5 miles south of San Miguel, July 20 ; Venancio, July 17 ; 15 miles west of La Paz, July 5 ; 6 miles north of Triunfo, July 15; Triunfo, July 13; 8 miles northeast of Cape San Lucas, July 10. Eleven specimens (seven male, four female) of this species, hitherto known only by the unique type, were taken by Michelbacher and Ross. All were cap- tured at light, either in the Cape Region, or in humid areas to the north of the Cape Region. (9)MethiabrevisFall Methia hrevis Fall, 1929, Can. Ent., 61 : 58^ ; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10:59 (record) -. In the long series of Methia taken by Michelbacher and Ross there are no specimens which appear to be referable to 31. hrevis Fall. However, a single specimen in the California Academy of Sciences from Angeles Bay seems to represent this species. It was compared with the type some years ago by Dr. H. C. Fall and the writer and determined as hrevis but it is not quite identical with a small series of specimens from San Diego County, California, which I haA^e considered typical of the Fall species. Type locality : San Diego County, Calif ornia\ Recorded distribution : California : San Diego County ; Lower California : Angeles Bayl (10) Methia picta Linsley, new species Plate 4, fig. 4 Male : Form elongate, slender ; color dark brown ; vestiture short, fine pale. Head a little wider than elytra at base ; eyes coarsely granulated, narrowly rounded beneath and separated by less than diameter of third antennal seg- ment, nearly touching on vertex, dorsal and ventral lobes connected posteriorly by two or three rows of facets ; vertex rugoso-punctate between eyes ; neck coarsely, closely punctate, inter-spaces shining; antennae about twice as long as body, scape moderately slender with a feeble apical tooth, second segment short, transverse, third segment subequal in length to fourth. FronoUim a little wider than long, sides rounded, base broadly but shallowly constricted, disk opaque, anterior margin finely, transversely rugulose ; surface sparsely clothed with depressed pale hairs; stridulatory plate of metanotum polished, sub- parellel-sided, without a median ridge. Elytra about three and one-half times as long as broad, sides straight ; costae feeble, pale ; surface finely scabrous, pale testaceous with an oblique black stripe from humeral angle to suture at basal one-third and variable amounts of black along margins and apices ; A 30 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. pubescence short, sparse, regular, subrecumbent ; apices narrowly, separately rounded. Legs slender, clothed with moderately long, pale, erect hairs ; pos- terior tibiae feebly sinuate ; posterior tarsi with first segment equal to the f pl- lowing two together. Abdomen shining; sternites distinctly puctured, clothed with moderately long, pale, prostrate hairs. Length : 6-9 mm. Female : Form more slender ; color testaceous, with head and abdomen more or less piceous ; eyes separated ventrally by about diameter of antennal scape, above by nearly width of third antennal segment ; antennae but little longer than body; fifth abdominal sternite with the usual modification for the genus. Length : 6.5-7 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5237, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), allotype female (No. 5238), and one paratype male, from Triunfo, July 13, 1938, collected by Michelbacher and Ross. Additional paratypes include six males and one female from 15 miles west of La Paz, July 5, four males from 20 miles north- west of La Paz, July 16, and six males and one female from 8 miles northeast of Cape San Lucas, July 10, all collected at light by Michelbacher and Ross. Additional material (not designated paratypical) tentatively referred to this species is as follows : five males, 10 miles south of Cataviila, July 29 ; eight males, 20 miles west of Santa Rosalia, June 24 ; two males, 20 miles north of Comondu, July 22 ; and one male, San Domingo, July 19. This species is related to 31. arizonica Schaeffer and M. hrevis Fall, but differs from the former in the feeble apical tooth of the antennal scape, larger size, less strongly rounded pronotum, indistinct elytral costae, and more elon- gate, differently pigmented elytra, and from the latter by the wider pronotum, distinctly punctured and shining neck, elongate, vittate elytra with the apices narrowly rounded, and the dentate antennal scape. It is also suggestive of 31. lineata Linsley (Mexico), but may be readily distinguished by the rounded rather than angulate pronotum, feeble pronotal constriction, pale rather than black elytral i)ubescience, etc. (11) Methia separata Linsley, new species Male : Form moderately elongate, robust ; color dark brown, elytra with pale vittae ; vestiture pale. Head about as wide as elytra at base ; eyes coarsely granulated, broadly rounded beneath, equally separated above and below by about the diameter of antennal scape at basal one-third, dorsal and ventral lobes connected posteriorly by three rows of facets ; vertex between the eyes opaque, rugosopunctate, neck dullish, rough, obscurely punctured ; antennae about twice as long as body, scape moderately robust, apex feebly, obtusely dentate, second segment short, transverse, third and fourth segments sub- equal in length. Pronotum a little wider than long, shorter than head, sides broadly rounded, base and apex scarcely constricted, surface opaque, clothed with long, pale, erect and suberect hairs; stridulatory plate of metanotum smooth, evenly convex, without a median ridge. Elytra nearly three times as long as broad, dark brown with a pale longitudinal median vitta, evanescent Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CEEAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 31 at base and broad at apex; surface evenly clothed with short, sparse, sub- recumbent, pale hairs ; apices narrowly rounded. Legs slender ; femora clothed with long, pale hairs ; posterior tibiae feebly sinuate, clothed with dominantly brownish hairs ; posterior tarsi with first segment subequal in length to fol- lowing two together. Abdomen shining; sternites sparsely clothed with long, pale, prostrate hairs. Length : 6.5-7.5 mm. Female : Form more slender ; color testaceous with head and abdomen more or less piceous ; ej^es separated ventrally by about diameter of antennal scape at middle, a little more widely separated above; antennae but little longer than body; fifth abdominal sternite with the usual modifications in genus. Length : 7.5 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5239, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), allotype female (No. 5240), and two male paratypes, from San Fernando, July 13, 1938, col- lected by Michelbacher and Ross. M. separata is related to M. picta Linsley, and the male may be distinguished by the widely separated eyes, sculpturing of neck, longer and erect pubescence of the pronotum, and the different elytral pattern. The females are very simi- lar but in separata the eyes are more widely separated above than below. (12) Methia subarmata Linsley, new species Male : Form short, robust ; color dark brown, elytra with an elongate-oval, post-median, pale testaceous fascia. Head nearly as wide as elytra at base ; eyes broadly rounded beneath, more widely separated below than above, sepa- rated centrally by about diameter of antennal scape, dorsallj^ by about width of third antennal segment, dorsal and ventral lobes connected posteriorly by a single row of facets ; vertex opaque and scabrous behind eyes ; neck opaque, rough, rugose ; antennae twice as long as body, scape moderately robust with a conspicuous apical tooth, second segment short, transverse, third segment barely longer than fourth, clothed with long cilia along inner margin. Prono- tum robust, wider than long, sides obtusely rounded, widest behind middle, base not constricted ; surface sparsely clothed with long, depressed or suberect, pale hairs ; disk opaque. Elytra more than three times as long as pronotum, more than twice as long as basal width, surface opaque, scabrous, uniformly, sparsely, finely clothed with short, subrecumbent, pale hairs; apices slightly dehiscent, outer angle rounded. Legs slender, clothed with long, pale hairs in- termixed with shorter, dark brown hairs near apices of tibiae ; posterior tibiae straight ; posterior tarsi with first segment equal to following two together. Abdomen feebly shining, sternites sparsely clothed with fine, pale hairs. Length : 6.5 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5241, Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.) from 15 miles north of Punta Prieta, July 29, 1938, collected by Michelbacher and Ross. This species is related to M. brevis Fall, but differs at once in the very strong apical tooth on the antennal scape, oval elytral pale fascia, indistinct puncta- tion of the neck, more finely scabrous elytra, and narrower elytral apices. 32 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Prog. 4th Ser. (13) Methia pallidipennis Linsley, new species Male : Form moderately short, robust ; color brown, elytra pale testaceous with short, dark vittae; pubescence pale. Head nearly as wide as elytra at base ; eyes broadly rounded beneath, much more widely separated below than above, separated beneath by more than the greatest diameter of the antennal scape, above by at least the width of the third antennal segment, dorsal and ventral lobes connected by a double row of facets ; vertex opaque and scabrous between the eyes ; neck polished, irregularly punctured; antennae about twice as long as body, scape armed with a distinct apical tooth, second segment very short, transverse, third segment barely longer than fourth, densely clothed with long cilia along inner margin. Pronotum robust, broader than long, sides swollen at middle, base and apex not constricted; surface opaque, rather densely clothed with long, erect, pale hairs. Elytra about three times as long as pronotum, nearly two and one-half times as long as basal width, pale tes- taceous with a median, longitudinal, dark vitta on each side extending from just anterior to middle to apical one-fourth, a dark sutural stripe at base and at apex, and a vague band along apical one-third of lateral margin ; pubescence short, subrecumbent, pale ; apices narrowly, separately rounded. Legs slender, clothed with long, pale, suberect hairs; posterior tibiae straight; posterior tarsi with first segment a little longer than following two together. Abdomen dull, sternites clothed with fine, pale hairs. Length : 7 mm. Holotype male (No. 5242, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), taken at light at San Domingo, July 19, 1938, by A. E. Michelbacher and E. S. Ross. The elytral pattern, if constant, should enable this species to be very readily recognized. It is perhaps best compared with M. picta Linsley which has the eyes more widely separated below than above and the neck shining, but in picta the form is more elongate and slender, the elytra are less abbreviated, the pronotum is rounded at the sides, and the posterior tibiae are feebly sinuate. (14) Malacopterus tenellus (Fabricius) CalUdium tenellum Fabricius, 1801, Syst. Eleuth., 2: 335^ Malacopterus lineatus Guerin, 1844, Icon. regn. anim., Ins., p. 222; Bates, 1879, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 15, p. 3, f. 17; Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23: 166 (syn.) ; Craighead, 1923, Can. Dept. Agr., Bull. 27: 4P. Malacopterus mexicanus Thomson, 1860, Class. Ceramb., p. 248; Lacordaire, 1869, Gen. Coleopt., 8: 228, nota. Ganimus vittatus LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264; 173^ Malacopterus vittatus, LeConte and Horn, 1883, Smithson, Misc. Coll., XXII, 507: 284; Leng, 1884, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, 7 : 115 ; Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., I, pi. 2, f . 19. This widespread species has not been previously recorded from Lower Cali- fornia. In addition to the two examples taken by Michelbacher and Ross I have seen one other peninsular specimen from the San Pedro Martir Mountains, Junes, 1923 (C.A.S.). Type locality : "America meridionali' ;?n Vol. XXIY] LINSLEY : CEEAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 33 Recorded distribution: South America; Central America; Mexico; Cali- fornia^ New Records : Hamilton Ranch, August 2 ; San Pedro Martir Mts., June 8, (C.A.S.). Hosts : Salix~, Fopulus' Both specimens captured by Michelbacher and Ross were attracted to light. (15) Achryson surinamum (Linnaeus) Ceram'byx surinamus Linnaeus, 1767, Syst., Nat., ed. XII, p. 632^ Achryson siCrinamum, White, 1855, Cat. Coleopt. Brit. Mus., 8: 298; Bates, 1870, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1870: 247; LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 265: 300; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 337 (record)=^; Craighead, 1923, Can. Dept. Agr., Bull. 27: 138 (biol.)''; Linsley and Martin, 1933, Ent. Ncavs, 44: 180^ Achryson Surinam, Leng, 1885, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, 7: 117. Stenocorus circiimflexus Fabricius, 1787, Mant. Ins., 1: 144. Ceram'byx circumflexus, Olivier, 1797, Entomologie, IV, 173, pi. 23, f. 182. Achryson circumflexum, Serville, 1833, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 2 : 573. Ceramhyx longicolle DeGeer, 1775, Mem. Ins., 5 : 117, pi. 14, f . 11. Stenocorus pallens Fabricius, 1792, Ent. Syst., 1, 2, p. 297. Ceram'byx surinamensis Oliver, 1795, Entomologie, IV, 54, pi. 13, f . 93. Achryson surinamensis, Chevrolat, 1862, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (4) 2: 264; Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1, pi. 2, f . 25. All of the Lower California examples of this species which have been seen by the writer are of the type with the head and prothorax heavily marked with piceous and the elytral markings conspicuous. In this respect thej^ differ from the form which is common in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas and agree with material at hand from the mountains of southern Arizona and the west coast of Mexico. Type locality : Surinam\ Recorded distribution : South America : from Argentina northward ; Cen- tral America ; West Indies ; Atlantic and southern LTnited States to Arizona ; Mexico ; Lower California : San Jose del Cabo". New Records : San Fernando, July 31; 15 miles north of San Ignacio, June 21 ; Yenancio, July 17 ; 5 miles south of Miraflores, July 10 ; Triunf o, July 13 ; 5 miles west of San Bartolo, Jul}^ 13 ; 15 miles west of La Paz, July 5 ; La Paz, June 28 (Slevin). Hosts : Cercidiunf, Prosopis"^, Acacia^' \ Pithecolohium\ (16) Hamaticherus mexicanus Thomson Kamaticherus mexicanus Thomson, 1860, Class. Ceram., p. 195^. Hammaticherus mexicanus, LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 302 (record)-; Bates, 1884, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 241; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 337 ( record )^ Hammaticherus castaneus Bates, 1870, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1870: 250, f .n. ; Bates, 1872, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1872 : 171 ; Bates, 1879, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5 : 16, pi. 3, f . 2. 34 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. This tropical species was first reported from Lower California by LeConte, later by Horn. I have seen no specimens from this region, although the species is not rare in southern Mexico. Type locality : Mexico\ Recorded distribution : South America : Brazil ; Central America; Mexico; Lower California^ ; Cape San Lucasl (17) Gnaphalodes trachyderoides Thomson Gnaphalodes trachyderoides Thomson, 1860, Class. Ceram., p. 236^; IeConte, 1873, Smith- son. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 203, f.n.^j Bates, 1879, Biol. Centr. Amer. Coleopt., 5: 17: Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 28, pi. 2, f. 32; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 337 (record)^; Linsley and Martin, 1933, Ent. News, 44: 180 (record)*. Gnaphalodes trachyderoides var. inermis Bates, 1884, Biol. Centr. -Amer., Coleopt., 5 : 243. This species was recorded from Lower California by Horn. It is occasionally abundant in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas and along the west coast of Mexico, where it occurs on leguminose trees. Type locality : Mexico'. Recorded distribution : Central America ; Mexico ; Texas'' ' ; Lower Califor- nia : Cape San Lucas^. Host : Acacia\ (18) OsmidusguttatusLeConte (Plate 5, fig. 9) Osmidus guttatus LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 246: 178^; Leng, 1885, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, 7: 119; Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., I, pi. 2, f. 29; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 337 (record)^; Linsley, 1938, Pan-Pac. Ent., 14: 106 (syn.). Osmidus oiscurella Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11 : 255^ Osmidus vestitus Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11 : 255^ The series of specimens brought back by Ross and Michelbacher exhibits a great range of variation in number and size of the dark elytral punctures. One male example has less than a dozen such punctures on each elytron, a female about seventy-five. Type locality : Cape San Lucas\ Recorded distribution: Arizona^'; Lower California: San Jose del Cabo^; Cape San Lucas\ New records : 25 miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25 ; Coyote Cove, Con- ception Bay, June 29 ; Venancio, July 17 ; Miraflores, July 8 ; 15 miles west of La Paz, July 5. Fifteen examples were taken by Ross and Michelbacher, all attracted to light, at the above localities, mostly along the southern half of the east coast of the peninsula. ( 19 ) Eburia nlkei Bland Ehuria? ulTcei Bland, 1862, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 1 : 270\ Ehuria ulhei, LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 179; Bates, 1884, Biol. Centr.- Amer., Coleopt., 5: 244 (record)-; Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 28; Horn, 1895, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 337 (record)''; Grossbeck, 1912, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31: 325 (record)*. Vol. XXIY] LIN S LET: CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 35 Ten examples of this peculiar species were captured at light by Michel- bacher and Ross. Type locality : Cape San Lucas\ Recorded distribution : Mexico : Ventanas^ ; Lower California : Cape San Lucas^, Cape Region between San Jose and Triunfo*. New records : San Jose del Cabo (C.A.S.) ; 25 miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25 ; 20 miles north of Comondu, July 23; Agua Caliente (Slevin). Host : Quercus (Slevin). Mexican examples in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences are from Venedio, Los Mochis, and Mazatlan. (20) Eburianigrovittata Bates (Plate 5, fig. 8) Eburia nigrovittata Bates, 1884, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 246^; Linsley, 1935, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 51: 73 (record)? Ehuria conspersa Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 399^; Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23: 166. (New synonymy) . Eburia conspersa Horn appears to be identical with E. nigrovittata Bates. There is, however, considerable variation in the species. In most examples the pronotum is feebly tuberculate at the sides as described by Bates and Horn, but in a female from Tejupilco, Mexico, the lateral tubercles are strong. The elytal apices are rounded externally with a strong sutural spine in the type of conspersa (No. 63, Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent., 2) and in most of the other speci- mens which I have seen, but in one of the examples captured by Michelbacher and Ross they are emarginate with the outer angle dentiform, and in a male from Venedio, Sinaloa (C.A.S.) they are simply truncate. The latter sex differs from the female by having very long antennae, fully twice as long as the body, less strongly impressed elytral foveae, and an emarginate fifth abdominal sternite. Type locality : Tres Marias Islands\ Recorded distribution : Mexico : Tres Marias Islands^ District of Temescal- tepec^ ; Lower California : San Jose del Cabo^ New records : Santiago, July 8 ; 10 miles southwest of San Jose del Cabo, Julv 9. The Michelbacher and Ross specimens were taken at light and were found in the Cape Region. (21) Eustromula validum (LeConte) Elaphidion validum LeConte, 1858, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1858: 82^; LeConte, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1861 : 335 (record) 2. Eustroma validum, LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 186^; Bates, 1884, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 248 (record)*; Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 133, pi. 3, f. 6; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)^; Craighead, 1923, Can. Dept. Agr., Bull. 27: 69«. Eustromula validum, Cockerell, 1906, Ent. News, 17: 242; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 59 (record)'; Linsley, 1936, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 29: 463 (sjti.). Anoplium huacliucae Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11: 245^ 36 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. This species was taken at light at nearly every camp made by Michelbacher and Ross where the evening temperatures were high enough for flight of in- sects. However, not more than four specimens were captured in any one night although as a usual practice the light collecting extended over several hours. Type locality : Texas\ Recorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas^, Arizona^' ^, southern California^ ; Mexico : Presidio* ; Gulf of California : Monserrate Island" ; Lower California^ : San Jose del Cabo^ New Records : San Fernando, July 31 ; 10 miles south of Catavina, July 29; San Miguel, July 3 ; 5 miles south of San Miguel, July 20 ; 20 miles north of Comondu, July 2 ; Comonclu, July 22 ; San Domingo, July 19 ; 15 miles north of El Refugio, July 4 ; Venancio, July 17; 20 miles northwest of La Paz, July 16 ; Trunfo, July 7 ; 15 miles west of La Paz, July 5 ; 3 miles north of San Pedro, July 6; San Pedro (C.A.S.) : 5 miles west of San Bartolo, July 13; Santiago, July 8 ; Miraflores, July 10. Hosts : Frosopis^, Parkinsonian. (22) Aneflus protensus (LeConte) Elaphidion protensum LeConte, 1858, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1858: 82\ Aneflus protensus, LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 185- ; Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 34, pi. 3, f. 5; Horn, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 131; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)^; Linsley, 1936, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 29: 470*. Aneflus cocMsensis Casey, 1912, Mem. Colept., 3 : 296^ This species was recorded from Lower California by Horn but specimens from the region have not been seen by the writer. In Arizona and Texas it is often attracted to light in large numbers. Type locality : Sonora\ Recorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas*, Arizona'" ^, southern California* ; Mexico : Sonora^ ; Lower California : El Chinche^ Host : Prosopis. (23) Aneflus prolixus LeConte Aneflus prolixus LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XL, 264: 203^; Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 34; Horn, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 131; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)-; Linsley, 1936, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 29: 470^ Aneflus fisheri Knull, 1934, Ohio Jour. Sci., 34 : 335\ This species may be readily distinguished from the preceding by the shorter antennae, which do not attain the apex of the body in either sex, the small antennal spines, the bituberculate disk of the pronotum, and the small, round, denuded spots on the elytra. Type locality : Cape San Lucas\ Recorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas^, New Mexico^ Arizona'^ ; Lower California : Cape San Lucas^ New records : 6 miles north of Triunfo, July 15 ; Triunfo, July 7 and 13 ; 20 miles north of La Paz, July 16, Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 37 Nine specimens were taken by Michelbacher and Ross, all captured at light in the Cape Region. (24) Aneflus calvatus Horn Aneflns calvatus Horn, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 132^; Linsley, 1936, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 29: 47P. This species may be readily known by the robust form, dark brownish color, broad pronotum, feeble elytral spines, and the very sparse, inconspicuous pubescence. Type locality : Arizona\ Recorded distribution : Arizona^' ", southern Calif ornia^ New records : Mesquital, July 28 ; 45 miles north of San Ignacio, July 27 ; 15 miles north of San Ignacio, July 26. Five examples were taken by Michelbacher and Ross, agreeing perfectly with typical specimens from Arizona and southern California. This is the first Lower California record for the species. (25) Aneflomorpha imbellis Casey Aneflomorpha imiellis Casey, 1914, Mem. Coleopt., 5: 363^; Linsley, 1936, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 29: 474-. This species may be readily recognized by the form and sculpture of the pronotum, unarmed antennae, and unispinose elytral apices wdth the outer angle evenly rounded. It has not been previously recorded from Lower Cali- fornia. Type locality : San Diego, California". Recorded distribution : southern California : San Diego Co.\ Orange Co.' ; Arizona". New records : 20 miles south of Santo Tomas, August 3 ; Hamilton Ranch, August 2 ; Comondu, July 22. Three specimens w^ere taken by Michelbacher and Ross, attracted to light in the northern part of the Peninsula. (26) Aneflomorpha australis Linsley, new species (Plate 5, fig. 7) Male : Form elongate, subcylindrical ; color piceous, vestiture short, fine, pale, recumbent. Head nearlj^ as wide as elytra at base ; frons and vertex ir- regularly, confiuently punctured, neck more coarsely, distinctly punctured, the punctures adjacent but not confluent, interspaces shining; antennae about one and one-fourth times as long as body, segments three to five carinate, three to seven very sparsely ciliate on inner side, three to eight spinose at apex, spine of third segment moderate, those of following segments gradually diminishing in size, scape robust, sparsely pubescent, coarsel}^, closely punctured, the punctures separated by less than the diameter of a single puncture, second segment longer than broad, sparsely pubescent, segments three to eleven very I fc. 38 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. minutely punctured, densely clothed with very short, fine, obscure, recumbent pubescence, third segment about five times as long as second, fourth segment about four-fifths as long as third, fifth segment barely longer than fourth, segments five to ten subequal, the eleventh segment nearly one and one-half times as long as the tenth. Pronotum barely wider than long, sides broadly rounded, base broadly constricted, apex narrowly so ; surface dull, coarsely, closely, rugosely punctured, clothed with short, fine, obscure, pale, recumbent pubescence, disk with a short, polished, median vitta; prosternum broadly, transversely depressed at middle, anterior margin polished, transversely wrinkled, clothed with a few, erect, scattered, pale hairs, remaining surface dullish, punctation and pubescence similar to that of pronotum; metasternum dull, very finely, closely punctured, clothed with fine, short, pale, recumbent pubescence; metepisterna linear, sides subparallel; scutellum triangular, finely punctured and pubescent. Elytra about three times as long as basal breadth ; surface moderately coarsely punctured at base where the punctures are from less than one to one puncture width apart, becoming gradually finer posteriorly, disappearing about middle, interspaces and remaining surface feebly shining, micropunctate ; apices bispinose. Legs slender ; femora closely punctured, the punctures fine basally, becoming coarse and more or less con- fluent apically ; surface clothed with fine, short, pale, recumbent hairs, with scattered, longer, suberect, fine hairs intermixed ; intermediate and posterior tibiae carinate; posterior tarsi narrow, first segment a little longer than the following tW'O together. Abdomen dullish, sternites finely, closely punctured, clothed with fine, short pale, recumbent hairs; first sternite elongate, inter- coxal process triangular, fifth sternite emarginate at apex. Length : 15 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5243, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.) from six miles north of Triunfo, July 15, 1938, collected at light by Michelbacher and Ross. This very distinct species is suggestive of A. duncani Linsley and A. lengi (Schaeffer), with both of which it agrees in the dark integument. From the former it differs in the feebly ciliate antennae with segments three to seven spinose at apex, and the finely punctured abdominal sternites which are clothed wdth fine, recumbent, white hairs. It may be distinguished from A. lengi by the short pronotum w-hich is a little wider than long, with the sides rounded and no trace of smooth spaces on each side of disk, the fine punctured metasternum, finely, densely punctured abdominal sternites, and the strongly bispinose elytral apices. (27) Aneflomorpha rosaliae Linsley, new species Female : Form elongate, subcylindrical ; color brown ; vestiture moderately sparse, coarse, recumbent, white ; integument coarsely punctured. Head nar- rower than pronotum at middle, very coarsely, closely punctured ; antennae attaining apical one-fifth of elytra, segments three to six spinose at apex, feebly carinate, ciliate along inner margin, spine on third segment robust, acute, nearly one-half as long as fourth segment, spine on fourth segment a Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CERAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 39 little more than one-fourth as long as fifth segment, fourth segment subequal in length to fifth, a little shorter than third segment. Pronotum slightly longer than broad, sides convex, scarcely constricted at base or apex, apex a little wider than base ; surface very coarsely, confluently punctured, punctures with posterior margins usually entire, posterior disk with a median, longitudinal, polished, impunctate line ; prosternum coarsely punctured, sparsely clothed with depressed white hairs; metasternum moderately coarsely, shallow^ly punctured, sparsely clothed with depressed white hairs; metepisterna more finely punctured than mesosternum, more densely clothed with prostrate hairs. Elytra more than three times as long as broad, surface coarsely, distinctly punctured, interspaces shining, punctures becoming a little more shallow, less close, apically ; vestiture regular, depressed, white ; apices feebly emarginate, the angles scarcel}^ dentiform. Legs slender, clothed with suberect, white hairs; femora modeiately closely but shallowly punctured; posterior tarsi with first segment shorter than following two together. Abdomen shining, punctures moderately large but shallow, indistinct; fifth sternite broadly rotundate-truncate at apex. Length : 15 mm. Holohjpe, female (No. 5244, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), from twenty-five miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25, 1938, collected at light by E. S. Ross and A. E. Michelbacher. This species has the aspect of Anefiomorpha and agrees with that genus in the type of pubescence and basally carinate antennae. The spine on the third antennal segment, however, is unusually long and closely approximates that of Anepsyra. Apparently it is related to Aneflomorpha texana Linsley and A. seminiida Casey, but in addition to the longer antennal spines on segments three to five, A. rosaliae differs in having a short spine on the sixth segment, carinae on segments three to six inclusive, and a more coarsely punctured abdomen. (28) Anepsyravolitans (LeConte) Aneflus voUtans LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 186^; Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1 : 34 ; HoRX, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1 : 131 ; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)-. Anepsyra volitans, Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 293. The series of seventy-three examples of this species captured by Michel- bacher and Ross (with the exception of seven examples from San Domingo which are dark brown) is uniformly reddish brown in color and ranges in size from 8 to 11 mm. The spine on the third antennal segment varies in length from tW'O-thirds as long as to subequal to the fourth segment and the elytral apices may be feebly or distinctly emarginate but are never spinose. Possibly more than one species is included in the series. Tj^pe locality : "Cape San Lucas"^ Recorded distribution : Lower California : Cape San Lucas', San Jose del Cabo". 40 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. New records : 25 miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25 ; Coyote Cove, Con- cepcion Bay, July 9; 20 miles north of Comondu, July 23; 5 miles south of San Miguel/july 20 ; San Domingo, July 19 ; 6 miles north of Triunfo, July 15 ; Triunfo, July 7, July 13 ; 5 miles south of Miraflores, July 10. (29) Anepsyra ^andicoUe Linsley, new species Female : Form elongate ; color brown ; vestiture long, pale, suberect ; in- tegument coarsely punctured with interspaces shining. Head narrower than pronotum at middle; vertex and neck moderately coarsely but irregularly punctured, sparsely clothed with erect, pale hairs ; antennae short, scarcely surpassing middle of elytra, segments not evidently carinate, segments one to three denselv ciliate, segments four to eight densely, nine to eleven sparsely, ciliate along inner margin, third segment about one-fifth longer than fourth, spine very stout, blunt, about as long as fourth segment, fourth segment a little shorter than fifth, spine nearly one-half as long as fifth segment, spnie on fifth segment about two-thirds as long as that of fourth segment. Fronoium but little longer than broad, sides broadly rounded, base and apex constricted, disk very coarsely, slosely punctured except for an irregular, median longi- tudinal, polished line, pubescence long, coarse, erect, white ; prosternum less coarsely, less regularly punctured than pronotum, anterior margin trans- versely rugose ; metasternum moderately coarsely, shallowly punctured at middle, more finely at sides ; metepisterna more finely, less conspicuously punc- tured than metasternum. Elytra about three times as long as broad, surface coarsely punctured, clothed with erect and suberect pale hairs, basal punc- tures close, a little less coarse than those of pronotum, becoming finer, sparser apically; apices feebly emarginate, sutural angle feebly dentiform. Legs slender, clothed with long, pale, suberect hairs ; femora moderately coarsely, closely punctured; posterior tarsi with first segment shorter than following two together. AMomen shining, shallowly, sparsely, indistinctly punctured, clothed with long, suberect or depressed hairs ; fifth sternite broadly truncate at apex. Length : 11.5 mm. Holotype, female (No. 5245, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.) , and one paratype female (collection of writer), from 25 miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25, 1938, captured at light by A. E. Michelbacher and E. S. Ross. This species is related to Anepsyra voUtans LeConte, but differs in the larger size, more robust pronotum which is scarcely longer than wide, short antennae (female) which barely surpass the middle of the elytra, more abundant pubes- cence, and the stronger spine on the fifth antennal segment (two-thirds as long as that of fourth segment ) . (30) Anelaphus brevidens (Schaeffer) Elaphidion hrevidens Schaeffer, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1 : 333\ Specimens captured by Michelbacher and Ross exhibit some variation in the density of the yellowish pubescence. In the more sparsely pubescent indi- Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY: CEEAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFOBNIA 41 viduals the integument shows and the insect has a much darker appearance. The species was taken at light by Michelbacher and Ross at three localities on the Magdalena Plain. Schaeffer has recorded it from the Cape Region. Type locality : Huachuca Mts., Arizona\ Recorded distribution : Southern Arizona ; Lower California : Santa Rosa\ El Taste\ New records : 5 miles south of San Miguel, July 20 ; San Domingo, July 19 ; 15 miles north of El Refugio, July 4. (31) Anelaphus punctatus (LeConte) Elaphidion piinctatiun LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 185^; Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 32; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)^ AnopUum punciatum, Leng, 1920, Catal. Coleopt. N. Am., p. 269. The pubescence in this species is intermixed with a few flying hairs, the elytral apices are rounded, and the legs are very obscurely punctured. The outer antennal segments in both sexes are flattened, but narrow in the male, slightly expanded in the female. The pronotal punctation is coarse with the punctures more or less contiguous except for a smooth median vitta. Type locality : "Cape San Lucas"\ New records : 25 miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25 ; 20 miles north of Comondu, July 2 ; San Domingo, July 19 ; 6 miles north of Triunfo, July 15; Santiago, July 8 ; and 5 miles south of Miraflores, July 10. Eight examples were taken by Michelbacher and Ross. All were captured at light. (32) Anelaphus subdepressus (Schaeffer) Elaphidion suhdepressum Schaeffer, 1904, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soe. 12: 222^. The outer antennal segments in this and the following species are often flat- tened and produced externally, convex above, suggesting Aneflus. The sexual differences in the punctation of the prosternum are similar to those observable in many species of Stenosphenus. In the series of ten specimens taken at vari- ous localities by Michelbacher and Ross, the pubescent fasciae of the elytra show some variation. In one example the mid-elytral fascia is reduced to a thread-like wavy line, in others the subapical spots are lacking. The pronotum does not have a polished median elevation in either sex and thus the species is not quite typical of Anelaphus. The alveolate type of pronotal sculpture is suggestive of AnopUomorpha, but the type of pubescence excludes it from that genus. The species is one of a group of several occurring in Mexico and Central America whose generic status remains to be clarified. At the present time they appear in the catalogues under Elaphidion, Hypermallus, etc. Type locality : San Felipe, Lower Calif ornia\ New records : 15 miles north of San Ignacio, July 26 ; San Domingo, July 19 ; 15 miles north of El Refugio, July 4 ; Venancio, July 17 ; 20 miles north- west of La Paz, July 16; 15 miles west of La Paz, July 5 ; 10 miles southwest of San Jose del Cabo, July 9. 42 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th See. All of the above specimens were taken at light, mainly in the central and southern portion of the peninsula. (33) Anelaphus submoestus Linsley, new species Male : Form robust ; color piceous ; integument shining, coarsely punctured ; pubescence sparse, coarse, pale. Head narrower than pronotum at middle ; vertex and neck coarsely, subcontiguously, somewhat irregularly punctured, subglabrous ; antennae a little longer than the body, segments three to seven spinose at apex, spine on third segment at most only one-third as long as fourth segment, those of following segments gradually diminishing in length, scape moderately robust, coarsely punctured, third segment scarcely more than three times as long as second, fourth segment a little shorter than third, fifth segment distinctly longer than third, remaining segments decreasing gradually in length to apex. Pronotum nearly one and one-fifth times as broad as long, sides broadly rounded, base and apex not noticeably constricted ; sur- face very coarsely punctured, the punctures contiguous and subeontiguous with a vague, median, longitudinal, impunctate line on posterior disk ; vesti- ture sparse, coarse, suberect; prosternum coarsely, contiguously punctured, sparsely pubescent ; metasternum and metepisterna coarsely, shallowly punc- tured, sparsely clothed with suberect pale hairs. Legs moderately robust, coarsely, closely punctured, sparsely clothed with suberect pale hairs. Elytra coarsely punctured, the punctures separated by one or two puncture diameters in basal area, becoming smaller, sparser apically; surface sparsely clothed with suberect pale hairs ; apices subtruncate. Abdomen sparsely, irregularly punctured, sparsely clothed with suberect pale hairs; fifth sternite broadly rounded at apex. Length : 9.5- 11 mm. Female : Antennae not attaining apices of elytra. Length : 13 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5246, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.) from 25 miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25, 1938, allotype, female (No. 5247, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.) from 20 miles north of Comondu, July 23, 1938, and two male para- types, one from the type locality, the other from 15 miles north of Punta Prieta, July 29, 1938. All four specimens were captured by Michelbacher and Ross at light. One paratype will be retained in the collection of the writer, the other returned to the collectors. Anelaphus submoestus runs near A. moestus (LeConte), but may be dis- tinguished at once by having the fifth segment of the antennae longer than the third, very much coarser punctation on the head, pronotum, and legs, more sparsely pubescent elytra and legs, etc. (34) Anelaphus michelbacheri Linsley, new species Female : Form elongate, subcylindrical ; color piceous ; integument coarsely punctured, interspaces shining; vestiture coarse; suberect or depressed, pale. Head narrower than pronotum at middle; vertex between eyes A^ery coarsely, subcontiguously punctured, neck less coarsely but contiguously Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWEB CALIFORNIA 43 punctured; antennae attaining apical one-fourth of elytra, segments three to five armed with a short spine at apex, scape coarsely punctured, third seg- ment a little more than three times as long as second, fourth segment slightly longer than third, fifth segment distinctly longer than either third or fourth. Pronotum slightly wider than long, sides obtusely rounded, base shallowly, apex narrowly but distinctly, constricted; surface coarsely, contiguously punc- tured, sparsely clothed with depressed pale hairs interspersed with a few longer, erect, scattered setae; scutellum broader than long, densely clothed with white pubescence ; prosternum punctured more coarsely and less closely and regularly than pronotum ; metasternum moderately coarsely, closely punc- tured. Legs slender, clothed with short, depressed, pale hairs ; femora moder- ately coarsely, closely punctured. Elytra nearly three times as long as broad ; surface coarsely, closely, subcontiguously punctured, uniformly sparsely clothed with coarse, depressed, pale hairs; apices rounded. Abdomeyi dull, shallowly and indistinctly punctured, sparsely clothed with depressed pale hairs which are finer and shorter than those of elytra; fifth sternite broadly rounded at apex. Length : 10.5 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5248, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.) from Comondu, July 22, 1938, taken at light by ]\Iichelbacher and Ross. A. michelhacheri differs from A. suhmoesUis Linsley in the very coarsely, contiguously and subcontiguously punctured elytra, more elongate form, shorter, denser pubescence, broad, densely pubescent scutellum, and by hav- ing only the third to fifth antennal segments armed with spines at their apices. (35) Anoplium insoletum Linsley, new species Male : Form robust ; color brown ; pubescence short, fine, depressed, inter- mixed with longer, coarse, suberect, pale hairs. Head narrower than pronotum ; vertex dull, scabrous; antennae robust, surpassing apex of elytra, segments unarmed at apices, scape stout, coarsely but shallow^ly puctured, third seg- ment more than three times as long as second, distinctly longer than fourth, fifth segment a little longer than third, remaining segments subequal in length but less robust than preceding. Pronotum a little broader than long, base and apex not constricted, sides obtusely angulated just posterior to middle ; sur- face micropunctate with larger, shallow punctures superimposed ; pubescence fine, moderately dense, partially obscuring surface, sparsely interspersed with longer, suberect, pale hairs ; scutellum a little wider than long, obtusely rounded posteriorly, clothed with pale hairs ; metasternum minutely tessellate, not distinctly punctured ; metepisterna very sparsely, inconspicuously punc- tured. Legs very finely punctate with scattered coarser, shallow punctures superimposed; femora robust, clothed with short, fine, pale pubescence in addition to longer, sparse, suberect, pale hairs ; posterior tarsi with first seg- ment longer than following two together. Elytra rough but shining, surface very finelj^ punctured with scattered, irregularly placed, large, shallow punc- tures superimposed ; pubescence fine, short, depressed, pale, with longer, sub- 44 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. erect, hairs interspersed. Abdomen dullish, finely, densely punctured with scattered large punctures superimposed; surface irregularly clothed with fine, pale, depressed pubescence with longer suberect hairs intermixed; fifth sternite broadly rounded at apex. Length : 11 mm. HoJotype, male (No. 5249, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), from Comondu, July 22, 1938, taken at light by Michelbacher and Ross. This interesting species is temporarily placed in Anoplium although it is probably not congeneric with the type species of that genus. It is apparently related to A. duncani Knull, but differs from (the description of) that species in the shape and sculpturing of the pronotum which is a little wider than long, in the absence of tubercles from the basal punctures of the elytra, by having the pubescence all pale, etc. In many respects the species is suggestive of the Hesperophanini. (36) Anopliomorpha rinconia (Casey) Anoplium rinconium Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11 : 248\ Anopliomorpha rinconium, Linsley, 1936, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 29 : 466, pi. 1, f . 3. Elaphidion reticolle, Schaeffer, 1908, Mus, Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1 : 334^ This is the species which has generally been identified as Perihoeum reticolle Bates, but it differs from the latter in the more slender form, narrower pro- notum, coarser pronotal sculpture, longer, coarser erect hairs of the pronotum and elytra, and the feeble spine of the fifth antennal segment. Type locality : Rincon Mts., Arizona'. Recorded distribution : Arizona^' " ; Lower Calif ornia^ New records : 20 miles north of Comondu, July 23, San Domingo, July 19 ; 6 miles north of Triunfo, July 15 ; Triunfo, July 13 ; Santiago, July 8 ; Mira- flores, July 8 ; 5 miles south of Miraflores, July 10. Twenty-nine examples were taken by Michelbacher and Ross, mostly at light, and primarily in the Cape Region. In addition to material from Lower California and Arizona I have seen a number of specimens from various locali- ties in Sinaloa and Sonora.. (37) StenosphenusnovatusHorn Stenosphenus novatus Horn, 1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 12: 178^; Leng, 1887, Entom. Amer., 2: 193; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)-; Schaeft^er, 1911, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, 19: 125; Grossbeck, 1912, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31: 326 (record)^; Linsley, 1934; Pan-Pac Ent., 10: 60 (record)*. Stenosphenus lucanus Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 346^, n. syn. The original description of S. lucanus Casey fits the present species so closely that I feel confident it is identical. Apparently Casey was unfamiliar with or overlooked novatus, for he compared his species only with dolosus Horn, to which it bears only a superficial resemblance. Type locality : Cape San Lucas". Recorded distribution : Lower California^ : Cape San Lucas\ San Jose del Cabo", Miraflores*, Cape Region between San Jose and Triunf o^ Vol. XXIV] LIXSLEY : CEEAM:^'^CIDAE OF LOWER CALIFOBNIA 45 This species was not taken by Ross and Michelbacher. Lower California ma- terial at hand is from the following localities: Santa Rosa (Beyer, C.A.S.), San Pedro, (C.A.S.), Miraflores (C.A.S.), and San Jose del Cabo (C.A.S.). In this series the legs vary from red to reddish-piceous. (38) Stenosphenus basicornis Linsley Stenosphenus Itasicornis Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 60\ This attractive little species is bright reddish, with the elytra and abdomen black. It is related to S. lepidus Horn, from Arizona, but differs in its smaller size, short antennae which do not attain the apex of the body in the*male, and in the form of the pronotum which is as long as broad. Type locality : Tibiiron Island, Gulf of Calif ornia\ Host : Prosopis". (39) Stenosphenus sp. One example of what appears to be an undescribed species near 8. dehilis Horn w^as taken by Michelbacher and Ross at Hamilton Rranch, August 2, 1938, on Asdepias siihulata. Unfortunately the head has been damaged and it would be highly undesirable to describe it from the single mutilated specimen. (40) Stenosphenus rossi Linsley, new species (Plate 1, fig. 8) Male : Form elongate, slender, slightly flattened ; color black, shining; vesti- ture sparse, suberect, white. Head coarsely, closely, and somewhat confluently punctured on vertex, very coarsely and irregularly on f rons ; antennal tuber- cles polished, shining, scarcely punctate ; antennae subequal in length to the body, segments three to eight spinose at apex, the spines gradually decreas- ing in length, scape elongate, slender, subconical, very coarsely punctured, sparsely clothed with suberect pale hairs, second segment slightly longer than broad, segments three to eleven clothed with fine, white pubescence intermixed with longer, suberect, pale hairs, surface less coarsely and more regularly punctured than scape, third segment less than one and one-half times as long as scape, fourth segment about two-thirds as long as third ; segments four to ten gradually diminishing in length, eleventh segment longer than tenth. Pronotum distinctly narrower than elytra at base, about as long as broad, sides rounded, apex narrower than base ; color black, rarely ruf o-piceous ; surface polished, almost impunctate, glabrous except for a few erect setae at sides ; prosternal impressions broad, subquadrate, contiguous, not separated by an impunctate median elevation, surface coarsely punctured and rugose. Elytra black, coarsely but not closely punctured, the punctures mostly from two to four puncture widths apart and with a moderately long, suberect seta arising from each; apices emarginate, the angles acute or subspiniform. Legs black, posterior femora reddish; pubescence sparse, coarse, suberect, white; pos- terior tarsi wdth first segment distinctlj^ longer than the two following to- gether. Abdomen black ; sternites polished, subglabrous, almost impunctate ; fifth sternite truncate or feebly emarginate at apex. Length : 7.5-8.5 mm. 46 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. Female : Antennae distinctly shorter than the body ; pronotum dark red, rarely piceous, prosternal impression evident but less strong than in male, rugulose but not coarsely punctate ; fifth abdominal sternite broadly rounded at apex. Length : 7.5-8 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5250, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), allotype, female (No. 5251), and fourteen paratypes, eight males and six females, beaten from a flowering leguminose shrub at San Domingo, July 19, 1938, by Michelbacher and Ross. Four paratypes each are deposted in the collections of Michelbacher and Ross, two in the California Academy of Sciences, and four in the collection of the writer. In size and form this species most closely approaches 8. dolosus Horn, but differs in the short antennae, only as long as the body in the male, distinctly shorter in the female, narrower pronotum, which is black or reddish piceous in color, the reddish posterior femora, and the longer, coarser, elytral setae. In Horn's key (1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 12: 178), rossi would run near novatus Horn, but the two are not closely related, the latter differing in the distinctly punctate pronotum, long antennae, closely punctate elytra which are clothed with much shorter, finer, suberect hairs, and the oval, separated, prosternal impressions of the male. (41) CompsapuncticollisLeConte Compsa puncticollis LeConte, 1873, Smitlison. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 188^; Leng, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1 : 134, pi. 3, f. 9; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record) ^j Schaeffer, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1: 337^; Linsley, 1935, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 41: 80 (record)*. Ihidion asperulum Bates, 1885, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5 : 266, pi. 18, f. 21^ Numerous examples of this distinctive species were taken by Michelbacher and Ross, mostly at light in the southern part of the peninsula. As in many other twig boring species, individuals vary greatly in length (7-14 mm.) as well as in number and size of punctures. This variation appears to be assignable to nutritional differences. Type locality : Cape San Lucas\ Recorded distribution: Arizona^; Mexico^: Dist. of Temescaltepee*; Lower California : Cape San Lucas', San Jose del Cabo^ New records : 25 miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25 ; 20 miles north of Comondu, July 2 ; Comondu, July 22 ; 5 miles south of San Miguel, July 20 15 miles north of El Refugio, July 4 ; 20 miles northwest of La Paz, July 16 5 miles west of San Bartolo, July 13; 6 miles north of Triunfo, July 16 Triunfo, July 13 ; Santiago, July 8 ; 8 miles northeast of Cape San Lucas, July 10. Examples of this species in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences are from the following localities : Lower California : San Jose del Cabo ; Mexico : Venedio, Los Mochis, and Mazatlan. Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CERAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 47 (42) Compsa quadriplagiata LeConte Compsa quadriplagiata LeCoxte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 189^; Lexg, 1885, Entom. Amer., 1: 134; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)-; Schaef- FER, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1 : 337. Ihidion griseolum Bates, 1892, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1892 : 156, pi. 5, f . 13^. This species differs markedly from the preceding in the form and structure of the pronotum (scarcely punctured, with a narrow median callous and an elevated subbasal tubercule on each side), and the maculate elytra. It is re- lated to Compsa textile Thomson, but may be distinguished by the longer fourth segment of the antennae, almost impunctate pronotum devoid of long, erect setae, and the non-carinate tibiae. Type locality : Cape San Lucas\ Recorded distribution : Mexico^ ; Lower California : Cape San Lucas\ El Taste". In the Leng-Cazier collection there is a specimen from San Jose del Cabo. (4:3) Anoplocurius incompletus Linsley, new species (Plate 4, fig. 7) Male : Form elongate, narrow, subcylindrical ; color dark brown, integument shining; vestiture sparse, pale, erect and suberect. Head transverse; anten- nae about one and three-fourths times as long as the body, filiform, eleven- segmented, segments not carinate, finely pubescent, with a few, scattered, erect hairs, longer and a little more numerous on the basal segments, scape a little more than three times as long as broad, feebly arcuate, scarcely thickened apically, surface coarsely, contiguously punctured, sparsely clothed with sub- erect hairs which are longer externally, second segment as long as broad, third segment a little less than twice as long as scape, apex armed with a slender spine, fourth segment simple, subequal in length to third, segments five to seven subequal in length, each about one-eighth longer than third, eighth seg- ment perceptibly shorter than seventh, segments nine and ten subequal in length, each about as long as third, eleventh segment longest, about one and one-third times as long as tenth ; eyes coarsely faceted, deeply emarginate ; frons and vertex coarsety, closely punctured, the interspaces forming a net- work of elevated lines. Pronotum barely longer than broad, sides widest behind the middle, surface with a network sculpturing of elevated lines similar to that of head but better defined ; prosternum polished and transversely carinulate anteriorly, sculptured at sides like pronotum. Elytra about three times as long as pronotum, sides parallel, surface coarsely but not closely punctured, the basal punctures well defined, clothed with short, suberect, pale hairs ; apices feebly truncate. Legs slender; femora feebly clavate, clothed with short, sub- erect pubescence with longer, erect hairs intermixed ; first segment of posterior tarsi longer than the two following together. Ahdomen shining ; first sternite tumid at middle, fringed wdth erect pale hairs posteriorly, remaining sternites more coarsely punctured at middle, sparsely clothed with erect hairs at sides. Length : 6.5 mm. /<■ 48 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. Female : Antennae but little longer than the body, eleven-segmented, seg- ments three to ten gradually decreasing in length, eleventh segment longer than tenth, subequal in length to sixth. Length : 7 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5252, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.) from twenty miles north of Comondu, July 2, 1938, and allotype, female (No. 5253) , from tv^enty miles northwest of La Paz, July 16, 1938. Both specimens were taken at light bv Michelbacher and Ross. In the form and sculpturing of the body this species agrees very closely with A. canotiae Fisher, its only known congener. It differs markedly how- ever in the structure of the antennae, which are only eleven segmented, with the third segment spinose in both sexes and the last segment longer than the penultimate. The scape is less robust than in any of the examples of canotiae at hand, and the second segment which is transverse in the latter species is at least as long as broad in incom.pletiis. In the male, antennal segments five to seven are distinctl}^ longer than three and four. (44) Lianema tenuicornis Fall Lianema tenuicornis Fall, 1907, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, 25: 86^; Schaeffer, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1 : 331. This species, the only known representative of its genus, is unknown to me. According to Schaeffer, Lianema "... is closely allied to Hypexilis [but it] differs from that genus by having the last joint of the maxillary palpi longer and more slender, much longer tarsal joints, more vertical front, shorter mandibles, apex of antennal joints three to ten somewhat inflated and the last joint exceedingly long . . .". Type locality : El Taste\ Perigracilia Linsley, new genus Male : Form elongate, very slender, subcylindrical. Head nearly one and one-fourth times as wdde as pronotum at apex, perceptibly wider than pro- notum at base ; front short, sub vertical, moderately convex, transversely im- pressed above base of labrum ; antennal tubercles moderate, evenly concave between ; antennae twelve-segmented, about two and one-half times as long as body, not ciliate, segments three to six, distinctly swollen at apex, scape nearly four times as long as broad, gradually widened apically, second seg- ment longer than broad, third segment about three and one-half times as long as second, fourth segment about one and one-third times as long as third, fifth segment nearly one and three-fourths times fourth, sixth segment about one and one-third times fifth, seventh subequal to sixth, eighth a little longer than seventh, ninth only three-fourths as long as eighth, tenth longer than ninth and about subequal to seventh, eleventh more than one and one-half times as long as tenth and about equal to the first five segments together, twelfth seg- ment longest, about one and one-fifth times as long as eleventh ; mandibles short ; palpi short, not very unequal in length, last segment of maxillary nar- Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY: CEEAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 49 row, obliquely truncate at apex, of labial, cylindrical, pointed. Thorax elon- gate; pronotum nearly twice as long as apical wddth, narrowly constricted at base, broadly and shallowdy before apex, base wider than apex, broadly emarginate, sides widest in front of base, thence gradually narrow^ed to apex, apex truncate ; prosternum very elongate in front of coxae, intercoxal process very slender, apex pointed ; anterior coxae separated by but a fraction of their widths, cavities angulate externally, open behind ; mesosternum triangular ; intermediate coxae a little more widely separated than anterior coxae, inter- vening distance about one-fourth of the width of a coxa, coxal cavities nar- rowly open externally ; mestasternum elongate, moderately convex ; metepis- terna rather broad, straight, but little narrowed posteriorly ; metanotum with a large stridulatory area which is obliquely narrowed to the scutellum; scutel- lum small, subtriangular. Elytra nearly three times as long as basal width, a little shorter than the abdomen ; humeri distinct ; disk flattened ; sides sub- parallel ; apices a little dehiscent, separately, narrowly rounded. Legs mod- erately short ; femora strongly clavate, subpedunculate ; tibiae slender, linear ; posterior tarsi slender, barel}' more than one-half as long as tibiae, first seg- ment longer than following two together but distinctly shorter than remaining segments together. Ahdomeyi with first sternite at middle not longer than sec- ond sternite. Genotype: Perigracilia tenuis, new species. This remarkable genus belongs in the tribe Graciliini near Hypexilis and Lianema. From both of these genera it may be distinguished at once by the twelve-segmented antennae and the proportions of the various antennal seg- ments. In the former genus, the segments from three to eleven gradually increase in length toward the apex; in Lianema segments three to six increase in length, six to ten are subequal, and the eleventh segment is nearly as long as the four preceding together. In Perigracilia, however, segments three to six increase, six and seven are subequal, the eighth longer, the ninth shorter than any of the three preceding, the tenth again longer, the eleventh more than one and one-half times the tenth, and the twelfth a little longer than the eleventh. It may be further differentiated from Hypexilis hj the slender maxillary palpi which are not much longer than the labial palpi, and the short, first abdominal sternite. From (the description of) Lianema it also differs in the narrow prosternal process and short posterior tarsi which are scarcely more than half as long as the tibiae and have the first segment distinctly shorter than the following segments together. It may be distinguished from Gracilia by the nonciliate, twelve-segmented antennae, elongate thorax, short first abdominal sternite, etc. (45) Perigracilia tenuis Linsley, new species (Plate4, fig. 3) Male : Form linear ; color dull brown ; vestiture very short, fine, pale, obscure. Head moderately finely, closely punctured, the interspaces very mi- 50 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th See. nutely punctured ; pubescence sparse, obscure ; antennae very finely, obscurely clothed with prostrate pubescence, erect hairs absent, first four segments moderately finely, closely, distinctly punctured, fifth segment less distinctly punctured, punctation of remaining segments very obscure. Pronotum aluta- ceous, moderately finely punctured, punctures more distinct apically; disk flattened posteriority, closely punctured and finely rugulose ; prosternum shin- ing, finely, transversely rugulose, minutely spiculate, sides dull posteriorly, closely punctured and minutely tesselate ; meso- and metasterna finely, closely punctured and minutely tesselate; scutellum shining, finely punctured. Elytra evenly but obscurely and finely punctulate, sparsely clothed with a short, pale, obscure, prostrate pubescence. Legs moderately short ; femora shining, very finely punctate wdth a few, large punctures superimposed, these latter smaller than those of pronotum, pubescence fine, depressed, pale, the hairs a little longer and more numerous than those of elytra ; tibiae more densely pubescent ; posterior tarsi very slender, not padded beneath. Abdomen cylindrical, ster- nites moderately shining, finely punctate and minutely tesselate, sparsely clothed with obscure, fine, pale pubescence ; fifth sternite subtruncate at apex ; sixth tergite densely clothed with long, erect hairs of irregular lengths. Length : 5.5-6.5 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5254, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), from 10 miles southwest of San Jose del Cabo, July 9, 1938, and two paratypes, both males, from 8 miles northeast of Cape San Lucas, July 10, 1938. All three specimens were taken at light by Michelbacher and Ross. (46) Gracilia f asciata LeConte Gracilia f asciata LeConte, 1873, Smitlison. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 17P; Leng, 1885, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, 7: 118. In this very remarkable species there is a transverse band of white pubes- cence behind the middle of the elytra and the elytral apices are serrate. I have never seen a specimen but from the description I suspect that it is not a true Gracilia. Type locality : Lower California". (47) Obrium (Phyton) discoideum (LeConte) (Plate4, fig. 5) Phyton discoideum LeConte, 1873, Smitlison. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 190^; Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2: 28; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)-. Obrium discoideum, Aurivillius, 1912, Coleopt. Catal., 39: 133. This species is very distinct in the unicolorous pronotum and the pattern of the elytra which, together, have a transverse median pale band enclosed in a fuscous cloud. Type locality : Cape San Lucas\ Recorded distribution : Lower California : Cape San Lucas"' '. New records : 6 miles north of Triunfo, July 15; Triunfo, July 13. Vol. XXIV] LIN S LEY: CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 51 Five specimens were captured by ]\Iichelbaclier and Koss, all taken at light in the Cape Regoin. Additional examples have been seen from Santa Rosa (Beyer, Leng-Cazier) and from Venedio, Sinaloa (C.A.S.). This last record is apparently the first for the Mexican mainland. (48) Obrium peninsulare Schaeffer Ohrium peninsulare Schaeffer, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1 : 338. Obrium hrunneum Schaeffer (nee Fabricius), 1904, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, 12 : 223\ I have in my collection a single male of this species sent to me several years ago by Mr. Schaeffer. It is uniformly brownish testaceous with the elytra rather evenly coarsely, closely punctured, the punctures averaging less than two puncture widths apart. The abdomen is rather dull, the sternites minutely tesselate. The eyes are separated on the vertex by about the diameter of the antennal scape. Type locality : Santa Rosa, Lower Calif ornia"^. (49) Obrium constricticolle Schaeffer Obrium constricticolle Schaeffer, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull., 1 : 338\ This species has not been previously recorded from Lower California. It is smaller than the preceding (4.5-6 mm. as compared to 7-7.5 mm.) and differs in having the elytra more sparsely and irregularly punctured and the abdomi- nal sternites highly polished and shining. The elytral punctation is finer and sparser at base, coarse and dense at middle, and the apical one-third is almost impunctate. The color is brownish testaceous, with a marked tendency, par- ticularly in the smaller males, toward a lateral piceous clouding at the middle of the elytra. In the darkest invididuals the clouding is also present at the base and apex, leaving the pale areas in the form of a cross. Type locality. Huachuca Mts., Arizona\ New records : San Domingo, July 19 ; 6 miles north of Triunf o, July 15 ; Triunf 0, July 7. Thirteen specimens were taken by Michelbacher and Ross. All were captured at light. (50) Ortholeptura insignis (Fall) Leptura insignis Fall, 1907, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 33 : 251\ Ortlioleptura insignis, Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4 : 205. Anoplodera insignis, Swaixe and E. Hopping, 1928, Nat. Mus. Can., Bull. 52: 41, 56; LiNSLEY, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 59 (record) 2. The genus Ortholeptura, suppressed by Swaine and Hopping (1928, Nat. Mus. Can., Bull. 52 : 38) , is, in my opinion, distinct and worthy of recognition. It may be readily recognized b5^ the large size, parallel body form, coarsely faceted eyes, completely closed anterior coxal cavities, and the presence of a pubescent sole on the first tarsal segment. The species, unlike those of A7io- plodera (where they were placed by Swaine and Hopping) , are nocturnal and 52 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. commonly attracted to light. 0. insignis (Fall) occurs on the Monterey and Bishop Pines in a few discontinuous localities from Fort Bragg, California to Guadalupe Island. Type locality : Monterey, California'. Recorded distribution : coastal California ; Guadalupe Island". Hosts : Pimis radiata, P. muricata. (51) Cortodera (Acmaeopsilla) falsa (LeConte) Acmaeops falsa LeConte, 1859, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859: 80^; LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc., Coll., XI, 264: 210; Leng, 1890, Ento. Amer., 6 : 109; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 339 (record)-. Leptacmaeops (Acmaeopsilla) falsa, Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4: 240. A well known and occasionally abundant southern California species which was recorded from Lower California by Horn. The adults frequent flowers of the Compositae. Type locality : Tejon, California\ Recorded distribution : southern California ; Low^er California : Calmalli Mines". (52) Anoplodera (Judolia) 6-spilota (LeConte) Leptura 6-spilota LeConte, 1859, Proc. Acad. Nat, Sci. Phila., 1859: 80\ Leptura sexspilota, LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc., Coll., XI, 264 : 218 ; Leng, 1890, Entom. Amer., 6: 188, 196; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 339 (record)-. Judolia sexspilota, Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4: 249. Anoplodera sexspilota, Swaine and R. Hopping, 1928, Nat. Mus. Can., Bull. 52: 39, 51, pi. 6, f . 64. This well known southern California species was recorded by Horn from the San Pedro Martir of northern Lower California. No other species of Ano- plodera is known from the peninsula at present. Type locality : Tejon, California'. Recorded distribution : central and southern California ; Lower California : San Pedro Martir^ New records : San Vincente, July 15. Three specimens were taken on flowers by Michelbacher and Ross. (53) Ophistomis laevicollis ventralis (Horn) Ophistomis ventralis Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 401^; Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23 : 175. H. W. Bates, in 1880 (Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 39), described a species from Guatemala to which he gave the name Ophistomis laevicollis. Five years later (I.e., 5 : 279, 1885), after the receipt of additional material, he stated that his type specimen apparentl}^ represented a rare color variety, and proceeded to describe (but not name) several additional "colour varia- tions" from Panama, Guatemala, and Mexico. At the same time he commented that 0. laevicollis and 0. rostrata Bates differed from their congeners in the very convex mesosternum, form of the thorax, and angular shoulders of the Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 53 elytra, suggesting that these differences might warrant their generic separa- tion. Casey, in 1891 (Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 6 : 41), reported that an Arizona specimen had been sent to Bates and determined by him as laevicollis, differ- ing from the Central American examples only in the sparser puctation, longer elytra, and shorter outer angle of the elytral truncature. In 1894, Horn de- scribed from Lower California a species, 0. ventralis, related to 0. laevicollis, but which in the general comments following his description he compared to 0. riifiventris Bates. Casey, correctly recognizing that the Horn species was in reality close to laevicollis, applied the name '^ventralis'' to the Arizona specimens which he had previously sent to Bates. In 1913 (Mem. Coleopt., 5 : 260), when he followed the earlier suggestion of Bates and proposed a new genus for this group of species, he selected as his genotype 0. ventralis (Casey, nee Horn). Recently, Hopping (Nat. Mus. Can., Bull. 85: 21, 1937), again accepting Arizona specimens as ventralis, has relegated the species to syn- onymy with laevicollis Bates, and, considering the latter species congeneric with 0. flavocinctus Thomson (genotype of Ophistomis) , has suppressed Cyphonotida Casey. In my own collection, the Leng-Cazier collection, and in the California Academy of Sciences, there is a series of sixty-one examples from numerous localities in southern Arizona (Nogales, Santa Rita Mts., Huachuca Mts., and Chiricahua Mts. ) , all rather constant in color pattern and all differing from the Lower California series at hand. The Arizona specimens have red humeri (the spot is sometimes small but present in every specimen seen), black elytral pubescence (pale in ventralis), and the apical pubescence of the elytra is much denser. In my opinion, the Lower California and Arizona specimens are at least subspecifically, if not specifically distinct. Apparently also, the Arizona specimens are at least subspecifically distinct, in view of their constancy, from the true laevicollis Bates. These conform most closely (but not exactly) to the type described by Bates as var. 5 from Mexico. Hopping (l.c) records a series in the United States National Museum from Arizona as conforming to var. 4 (from Guatemala) but I have not seen examples of this type. Bates describes his variety 4 as follows : "Niger, thorace supra abdomine- que (apice excepto) rufis." Type locality : El Taste\ Lectotype: No. 68, Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent., 5- (54) Vesperoctenus flohri Bates Vesperoctenus flohri Bates, 1891, Ent. Mo. Mag., 27: 160^; Bates, 1892, Trans. Ent. Soc. London., 1892 : 158-,- Horn, 3 894, Proc. Calif . Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 324, pi. 8, f. 1-3^; Gahan, 1895, Ent. Mo. Mag., 31: 22; Horn, 1895, Ent. News, 6: 114; Boppe, 1921, Genera In- sectorum, 178 : 29, pi. 2, f . 5. This interesting species which was first discovered in Mexico, has been the subject of a considerable amount of controversy. Described originally by Bates as a longicorn, Horn (1894) transferred it to the Khipiceridae. Horn's action was immediately challenged by Gahan (1895) who staunchly defended its 54 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. original assignment to the Cerambycidae. Most Coleopterists now agree that the genus is cerambycoid and related to Vesperus (Vesperini), but its exact phylogenetic position within the family (as is the case with Philini) is still in dispute. Type locality : Durango, Mexico\ Recorded distribution : Mexico : Durango^ (Sierra Madre)^; Lower Califor- nia : San Francisquito^. Mr. Bates has reported that some of the type specimens were captured emerging from the ground, and that others were attracted to light. He sug- gested that, like Vesperits, they might be root borers. (55) Acjrphoderes delicataHorn Acyphodcres delicatus Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 400^; Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23 : 168. Only the type specimen (No. 65, Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.) of this interesting species is known. It is the only Lower California representative of the tribe Rhinotragini. Serville made the genus Acyphoderes feminine and I have changed the Horn name accordingly. Type locality : El Tasted (56) Plinthocoelium cobaltinum (LeConte) Callichroma cohaltinum LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 195^; Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2: 61; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)^ Plintliocoelmm coljaltinum, Schmidt, 1924, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr., 1924: 385^. This beautiful species was not taken by Michelbacher and Ross. Lower Cali- fornia specimens have been seen from the following localities : San Jose del Cabo (C.A.S.), El Taste (Leng-Cazier). Type locality : Cape San Lucas\ Recorded distribution : Mexico^ ; Lower California : Cape San Lucas^' \ (57) Cyllene antennata (White) Clytus antennatus White, 1855, Cat. Coleopt. Brit. Mus., 8: 252\ Cyllene antennatus, Horn, 1880, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 7: 135^; Leng, 1887, Entom. Amer., 2: 1953; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2)4: 339 (record)^; Grossbeck, 1912, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31: 325 (record)^; Craighead and Hofer, 1921, U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' Bull. 1197: 6, figs. 5, 6; Craighead, 1923, Can. Dept. Agr., Bull. 27: 33 (biol.)«; G. Hopping, 1937, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 30 : 441, pi. 1. Cyllene antennata, Bates, 1885, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 295 (record)'^. Megacyllene antennata, Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 348, 351. Arhopalus eurystetJius LeConte, 1858, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1858: 82^; LeConte, 1859, in: Thomson, Arcana Nat., p. 127, pi. 13, f. 9; LeConte, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1861 : 335 (record)^. This well known Sonoran species was taken at light in the Cape Region by Michelbacher and Ross. The larvae live in the dead wood of leguminose trees, particularly mesquite. Type locality : "W. Coast of America"\ Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY: CEEAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFOBNIA 55 Kecorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas'', Arizona^, Cali- fornia''; Mexico : Sonora^'^; Lower California^ : Cape San Lucas*, Cape Region between San Jose and Triunf o'. New record : Santiago, July 8. Hosts : Prosopis', Acacia'^. (58) Xylotrechus insignis LeConte Xylotrechus insignis LeCoxte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 199^; Casey, 1891, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sei., 6: 35^; Van Dyke, 1920, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, 15: 43; Craighead, 1923, Can. Dept. Agr., Bull. 27: 58 (biol.) ; G. Hopping, 1932, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 25: 541, pi. 2, f. 13-14; Linsley, 1935, Ent. News, 46 : 163, f. 2. Xylotrechus obliteratus, Leng, 1887, Entom. Amer., 2: 199; Fall, 1897, Can. Ent., 29: 240 (record)^; 1901, Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 8: 147. Xylotrechus planifrons, Fall, 1901, Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 8 : 147. Xylotrechus diruptus Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 367. This very beautiful, sexually dimorphic and dichromatic species breeds in willow, and the males frequent the leaves of Verhasciim and Asclepias. The series captured by Michelbacher and Ross is composed entirely of males which differ from the tj^pical form in having the elytra suffused with ochraceous pubescence. The mid-elytral fascia is present as an undulating, thread-like line in some of the examples, absent in others. The specimens are similar to, but not quite identical with, the northern California form to which Casey gave the name incongruens (Mem. Coleopt., 3: 366, 1912). Hopping (1932) has placed the latter name in synonymy, but possibly without sufficient justifica- tion. Seventy-one specimens referable to incoiigmens are before me from sev- eral localities in coastal northern California. Thus far, the writer has never collected both incongruens and typical insignis from the same x)lant, a fact which might suggest that the former is subspecifically distinct. In the case of doubtful forms for which names have already been proposed, it seems to the present writer that the preferable policy is to keep the names separate and the records distinct, until such time as they can be shown to be conspecific. For incongruens, this will mean rearing the two types and associating them with females (only males of incongruens are known) . Type locality : Calif ornia\ New record : 20 miles south of Santo Tomas, August 6. (59) Neoclytus peninsularis Schaeffer Neoclytus peninsularis Schaeffer, 1905, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1: 133^; G. Hopping, 1932, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 25 : 551, pi. 3, f . 7. N. peninsularis Schaeffer resembles N. interruptus LeConte, but differs in pattern of the pronotal and elytral pubescence. In peninsularis, the pronotum is clothed with ashy gray pubescence, in interruptus there is a transverse band of yellow along the basal margin. In the former species, the ante-median band of the elytra is transverse and straight, the median band in the form of an in- 56 ' CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. verted "V." In the latter species the ante-median spot is suboval and much nearer the base, the median spots lunnlate, both markings usually failing to attain either the suture or the lateral margin. Type locality : San Felipe, Lower California". (60) Neoclytus magnus Schaeffer Neoclytus magnus ScHAEFrER, 1904, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, 12 : 224^ This species has not been seen by the writer. From a reading of the descrip- tion, however, it seems very unlikely that the N. magnus of Van Dyke (1927, Pan-Pac. Ent., 3 : 109) and G. Hopping (1932, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 25 : 556, pi. 5, fig. 5) is the true magnus of Schaeffer. Their records are based on material that is very close to, if not identical with, N. halteatus LeConte. An examina- tion of Schaeffer's type is in order before the status of magnus can be de- termined. Type locality : Ensenada, Lower California\ (61) Neoclytus irroratus (LeConte) Clytus irroratus LeConte, 1858, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliila., (2) 4: 26^ Neoclytus irroratus, Leng, 1887, Entom. Amer. 3 : 6 ; G. Hopping, 1932, Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., 25 : 550, pi. 4, f . 12-. Bhopalopachys irroratus, Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 339 (record)^. Clytus (Bhopalopachys) morosus Chevrolat, 1860, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (3) 8: 501'. Bhopalopachys morosus, Bates, 1880, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5 : 58. This species is very distantl}^ related to the tw^o preceding, and may be dis- tinguished at once by the strongly spinose femora and elytra, abruptly clavate femora, three rows of pronotal rugae, and the elytral pattern w^iich consists of an oval humeral spot and a thread-like, wavy, post-median line. Type locality : Texas\ Recorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas\ Arizona^ Cali- fornia" ; Mexico* ; Lower California : El Taste^ (62) Eplophorus bicinctus Linsley Eplophorus hicinctus Linsley, 1935, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 51: 88. The genus Eplophorus has not been previously recorded from Lower Cali- fornia. Examples taken by Michelbacher and Ross appear to represent a sub- species of E. hicinctus Linsle}^ described from Sinaloa. (62a) Eplophorus bicinctus peninsularis Linsley, new species (Plate 4, fig. 9) Differing from typical hicinctus as follows : Smaller, only 4.5- 5 mm. in length as compared to 7.5-8 mm. ; integument black with the antennae and legs vaguely reddish, rather than red, with only the mouthparts, scape, prono- tum, margins of prosternum, abdomen, and apical one- third of elytra black ; and the fourth antennal segment wdth a short spine (very feeble in hicinctus hicinctus) . Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 57 Holotype, male (No. 5255, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), allotype, female (No. 5256), and four paratypes, beaten from Prosopis at San Domingo, July 19, 1938, by Michelbaclier and Ross. One paratype each is deposited in the col- lections of Michelbaclier and Ross, one in the California Academy of Sciences, and one in the collection of the writer. This subspecies was captured in the company of Eiiderces parallelus Le- Conte, to which it bears a strong superficial resemblance in size, form, color, and the geminate eburneous fasciae of the elytra. It may be readily separated from the latter, however, by the bispinose elytral apices, spinose antennae, densely punctured and pubescent first abdominal sternite, etc. E. hicinctus hicinctus was taken with the ant Pseudomyrma gracilis subsp. mexicana Roger, a species to which it bears a striking mimetic resemblance. (63) Euderces parallelus LeConte Euderces parallelus LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 202^; Leng, 1887, Entom. Amer., 3: 24, 44; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 339 (record)-. In this species, unlike in most of its congeners, the eburneous elytral fasciae are transverse. Normally the fasciae are paired, but in the series captured by Michelbacher and Ross, about one-fourth of the specimens have the anterior fascia reduced, and in about one-eighth of the examples it is lacking entirely. This tendency to lose the anterior fasciae is particularly noticeable in the smaller females (3-3.5 mm.) . Type locality : Lower California'. Recorded distribution : Lower California : San Jose del Cabo'. New records : San Domingo, July 19 ; Yenancio, July 17 ; Triunfo, July 13. Additional Lower California examples have been seen from Santa Rosa (Beyer, Leng-Cazier). The Ross and Michelbacher specimens were mostly captured by beating Prosopis and at flowers of an undetermined leguminose plant. Rhopalophorella Linsley, new genus Male: Form elongate, slender, subparallel; elytra with pubescent fasciae. Head narrower than pronotum ; front oblique ; vertex evenly convex, scarcely impressed between the antennae ; antennal tubercles ver}^ feeble ; antennae one and one-fourth times as long as body, filiform, neither setaceous nor ciliate, scape robust, clavate, with a dorsal sinus, second segment beadlike, as long as broad, third segment one and one-third times as long as scape, nearly twice as long as fourth segment, segments five to eleven subequal in length ; eyes small, finely granulated, deeply emarginate, lower lobe wider than vertical length, broadly rounded below, subtruncate above, dorsal lobe small, narrow ; mandibles short, strongly curved, acute ; palpi short, unequal, last segment of both pairs subcylindrical, not expanded; genae prominent. Thorax elongate, subcylindrical ; pronotum a little narrower than eh^tra at base, rather broadly constricted basally, narrowly constricted apically, sides widest in front of 58 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. base; prosternum elongate in front of coxae, intercoxal process narrow, ex- panded posteriorly, anterior coxae round, cavities small, closed and not an- gulated externally, open behind; intermediate coxal cavities small, closed externally; metasternum moderately convex, metepisterna narrow, slightly arcuate, with a longtitudinal carina over about two-thirds of its length ; scutel- lum small, obtuse. Elytra widest apically ; disk flat, without a lateral carina ; apices obtuse, tridentate. Legs long, slender; femora pedunculate, apices sud- denly clavate, posterior pair surpassing elytral apices ; tibiae slender, spurs short; tarsi slender, posterior pair with first segment nearly three times as long as second segment. Abdomen moderately robust; first sternite shorter than fourth. Female : Antennae about two-thirds as long as body, outer segments flat- tened, subserrate, eleventh segment longer than tenth ; posterior femora fall- ing far short of elytral apices ; fifth sternite longer than fourth. Genotype: Bhopalophora hicincta Horn. This genus would apparentl}^ fall in the tribe Cleomenini as defined by Lacordaire (1869, Gen. Coleopt., 9: 97) near Dihammaphora, but seems equally closel}^ related to BliopalopJiora (Rhopalophorini). From the former genus it differs in the longer antennae which are two-thirds as long as the body in the male and filiform, and in the absence of a lateral elytral costa. From Rhopalophora it may be distinguished by the non-setaceous antennae, unim- pressed vertex, small eyes, short posterior femora in the female, carinate metepisterna, and type of ornamentation. The type species, BliopalopJiora hicincta, was doubtfully referred to that genus by Horn, who knew only the female. The discovery of the male confirms the latter's suspicion that the species was generically distinct. (64) Rhopalophorella bicincta (Horn) (Plate4, fig. 6) BliopalopJiora hicincta Horn, 1895, Proe. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 5: 245\ This species is dull black with a band of silvery white pubescence at the base of the elytra, another at middle, and patches of similar hair on the ventral surface. Superficially it has the appearance of a member of the tribe Tillo- morphini. Type locality : San Jose del Cabo\ New records : 6 miles north of Triunf o, July 15 ; Triunf o, July 7. Four specimens of this rare species, hitherto known only by the unique type (No. 64, Calif. Acad. Sci., But.) were taken by Michelbacher and Ross. (65) Rhopalophora rugicoUis LeConte RJiopalophoriis rugicoUis LeConte, 1858, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1858: 83\ Rhopalophora rugicoUis, Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2: 31; Casey, 1891, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 6: 30; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)-; Schaeffer, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1: 330 (list)^ Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY: CEEAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 59 This species may be easily recognized by the narrow, transversely plicate and rugose pronotum. Type locality : Texas\ Recorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas^ Arizona^ ; Lower California : San Jose del Cabo^ (66) Rhopalophora longipes (Say) Stenocorus longipes Say, 1823, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 3 : 426\ Tinopus longipes, LeConte, 1850, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. PhOa., (2)2: 20^ EhopalopJiorus (longipes) ,IjECoy;TE, 1854, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1854: 218. Ehopalophora longipes, Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2: 30^, pi. 2, f. 28; Casey, 1891, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 8: 30; Hamilton, 1892, Can. Ent. 24: 159; Schaefeer, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1 : 330 (list)*. To this species I have questionably referred two specimens taken by Michel- bacher and Ross at San Domingo. They differ from longipes primarily in the more elongate pronotum and shorter fourth segment of the antennae. They are closer to specimens from Arizona than to the typical longipes of eastern United States, but cannot be matched in any of the material w^hich I have at hand. This genus is in need of a restudy, particularly in the light of the Mexican fauna. T\^e locality : ''Missouri Territory"."" Recorded distribution : eastern and southwestern United States from Pennsylvania^ to Colorado^ and Arizona*. New record : San Domingo, July 19. (67) Stenaspis solitaria (Say) Ceramhyx solitarius Say, 1823, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 3 : 410\ Callicliroma solitarium, Haldemax, 1847, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc, 10 : 32. Smileceras solitarium, LeConte, 1850, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., (2) 2 : 9. Stenaspis solitaria, LeConte, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila,, 1853 : 441 ; LeConte, 1859, Coleopt. Kans. New Mex., p. 20, pi. 2, f. 14; Bates, 1885, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 32P; Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2: 62, pi. 3, f. 8; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)^; Grossbeck, 1912, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31: 325 (record)*; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 60 (record) ^ Stenaspis unicolor Dupont, 1840, Mag. Zool., X, Ins. p. 11, pi. 38. This rather widespread longicorn was not taken by Ross and Michelbacher. It frequents leguminose trees, particularly Prosopis, on the leaves and branches of which it is very conspicuous because of its unusually large size and black or bluish-black color. Type locality : "Upper Arkansa"\ Recorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas and Kansas to Arizona ; Mexico^ ; Gulf of California : Carmen Island^ ; Lower California : San Jose del Cabo'' ; Cape Region between San Jose and Triunf o*. Hosts : Prosopis, Acacia, etc. 60 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. (68) Tragidion peninsular e (Schaeffer) Tragidion annulatum var. peninsulare ScHAEFrER, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts. Sci., Bull. 1: 339. Tragidion peninsulare, Linsley, 1940, Pan-Pacific Ent., 16 : 137. This species, which has been confused with T. annulatum LeConte, differs in having a narrow band of dark pubescence at the base of the elytra. In addi- tion, the elytra of the male are reddish orange rather than fulvochraceous, the antennal segments from eight to eleven are black, and the head, thorax, and legs are black rather than reddish brown. Lower California specimens belong to the typical subspecies. (68a) Tragidion peninsulare peninsulare (Schaeffer) Tragidion annulatum var. peninsulare Schaeffer, 1908, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., Bull. 1 : 339. Tragidion peninsulare, Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 321. Tragidion peninsulare peninsulare, Linsley, 1940. Pan-Pacific Ent., 16: 135-. Tragidion annulatum, LeConte, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliila., 1861: 335 (record)"; Casey, 1893, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 7: 856; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)*; Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23: 169. Tragidion simulatum, Grossbeck, 1912, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31 : 325 (record)^ Type locality : San Felipe"^. Recorded distribution : Lower California'' : San Felipe^ Cape Region be- tween San Jose and Triunf o^, San Jose del Cabo"* ; southern Calif ornia^ (69) Tragidion armatum LeConte Tragidion armatum LeConte, 1858, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 4: 25^; Lacordaire, 1869, Genera Coleopt., 9: 174, f.n. 3; LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 265: 314; Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2: 81; Casey, 1893, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 7: 586; Leng and Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23 : 169 ; Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 324 ; Craighead, 1923, Can. Dept. Agr., Bull. 27: 79, pi. 27, fig. 3 (larva) ; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 61 (record)^; Linsley, 1940, Pan-Pacific Ent., 16: 135. This species differs from peninsulare in the smooth, non-corrugated elytra with the costae indicated only by vague, thread-like, unraised lines, the slender, sparsely pubescent tibiae, and the absence of bluish reflections from the dark pubescence. Type locality : Llano Estacado, Texas\ • Recorded distribution : Texas\ southern California" ; Gulf of California : Danzante Island^ Host : Yucca. (70) Metaleptus femoratus Schaeffer Metaleptus femoratus Schaeffer, 1909, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., 1 : 384^; Schaeffer, 1911, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, 19: 124 (syn.) ; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 61 (record)-. Metaleptus gracilior Pall, 1909, Can. Ent., 41 : 164, The genus Metaleptus, as represented by six species before me from Mexico and southwestern United States, is rather heterogeneous, and the species may not all be strictly congeneric. In M. femoratus the prosternum is convex, Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CEEAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 61 the mesosternum protuberant between the coxae, and the femora of the pos- terior legs surpass the apex of the elytra. As has been pointed out by Fall (1909), the species is very variable in color, and the series at hand exhibits most of the variations mentioned by that author. Type locality : Baboquivari Mts., Arizona\ Recorded distribution: southern Arizona; Mexico: Sinaloa"; Gulf of Cali- fornia : San Pedro Ba}-". (71) Crossidius austr alls Linsley, new species (Plate 5, fig. 6) Male : Form robust ; color reddish brown, abdomen testaceous, elytra testa- ceous with a black humeral spot and a black sutural vitta ; pubescence pale. Head much narrower than pronotum, coarsely, subcontiguously punctured, clothed with long, coarse, erect and suberect setae ; antennae nearly as long as bodj^ scape robust, coarsely, closely punctate, clothed with suberect pale setae, third segment longer than fourth, segments four to ten subequal in length, segments three to six distinctly punctured and clothed with suberect setae, most numerous on segments three and four, segments seven to eleven scarcely punctate, minutel}^ pubescent. Pronotum transverse; disk very coarsely, ir- regularly punctured, punctures varying from adjoining to one or more puncture widths apart, surface sparsely clothed with long, coarse, suberect setae which become numerous at sides and along anterior and posterior mar- gin; prosternum coarsely punctured, densely clothed with long, pale, coarse setae; metasternum and metepisterna moderately finely, closely punctured, densely clothed with long, coarse, pale setae ; scutellum densely clothed with fine, pale hairs. Legs slender, coarsely, closely punctured, clothed with coarse, suberect, pale hairs ; posterior tarsi slender, first segment a little longer than following two together. Elytra very coarsely punctured, the punctures be- coming smaller apically ; costae distinct, appearing shiny to the naked eye ; surface clothed with short, suberect, coarse setae, longer and more numerous in sutural and apical areas; apices emarginate. Abdomen finely, closely punctured, densely clothed with very long, prostrate, white hairs. Length : 10-13 mm. Female: Form broader, more robust; head, antennae, pronotum, and legs usually very dark brown or blackish, dark areas of elytra more extensive; antennae attaining apical one-third of elytra. Length : 12-14.5 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5257, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), allotype, female (No. 5258), and thirteen paratypes from San Quintin, August 2, 1938, on Haplopappus parishii (Greene). Additional paratypes: two females, Hamil- ton Ranch, August 2, 1938, and two females and six males from Rio San Telmo, August 3, 1938. All specimens were taken by Michelbacher and Ross. Crossidius australis is perhaps best compared with C. testaceus LeConte from which it may be distinguished by the much coarser punctation, shining pronotum, and the elytral pattern. In form and color it is suggestive of C. piinctatus LeConte, but it differs at once from that species in the very distinct 62 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. elytral costae. The black sutural vitta is present in all but one of the twenty- five specimens at hand. In some of the females there is a tendency for the vitta to expand apically, sometimes nearly to the lateral margins. (72) Oxoplus cruentus LeConte Oxoplus cruentus LeConte, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliila., 1862: 42^; Horn, 1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 12 : 175 ; Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2 : 102. Oxoplus cruentatus, Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338. One example of this beautiful species was taken on the leaves of an unknown plant by Michelbacher and Ross. Type locality : San Jose del Cabo\ New Record : Miraflores, July 8. (73) Oxoplus marginatus LeConte Oxoplus marginatus LeConte, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862: 42^; LeConte, 1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 12: 23; Horn, 1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 12: 175; Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2 : 102 ; Horn, 1894, Proc Calif. Acad Sci., (2)4: 338. In this species the pronotum is sometimes wholly or partially ruf otestaceous or brownish, but apparently never brilliantly red as in the preceding. Nine examples were captured by Michelbacher and Ross and I have seen others from San Jose del Cabo in various collections. It is apparently confined to the Gape Region. Type locality : San Jose del Cabo\ New records : Triunfo, July 13 ; 5 miles west of San Bartolo, July 13 ; Mira- flores, July 8. (74) Plionoma rubens (Casey) SpJiaenotJiecus rubens Casey, 1891, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 8: 34^; Hamilton, 1892, Can. Ent., 24: 160.^ SphaenotJiecus suturalis var. rubens, Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23 : 171^ Plionoma rubens, Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3: 334. Thirty-four specimens, only seven of which were females, were beaten from "catclaw" by Michelbacher and Ross. The length of the antennae of the males varies considerably, but the lateral punctation of the pronotum and elytra is fine and dense in all of the examples. Recorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas^, New Mexico^, Arizona^ California\ Type locality : "Southern Arizona"\ New records : 7 miles south of El Marmol, June 18 ; Chapala Dry Lake, June 21, Host : Acacia greggii (75) Plionoma basalis (Horn) S phenothecus basalis Horn, 1894, Proc, Calif. Acad. Sci. (2) 4: 40P. Sphaenothecus basalis, Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23:171. Sphaenothecus (lEntomosterna) basalis, Leng, 1920, Catal. ColeojDt. N. A., p. 280. Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY : CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 63 This species is very similar in form to P. suturalis (Lee.) and P. ruhens (Casey) but differs in color and vestiture. The basal one-third of the elytra and the femora are dark reddish. The five specimens taken by Michelbacher and Ross were all beaten from mesquite. They encountered the species both in the Cape Region and the northern deserts, Lectotype: No. 66, Calif, Acad. Sci., Ent., ^. Type locality : San Jose del Cabo. Recorded distribution : Lower California : San Jose del Cabo\ Sierra El Chinche\ Xew records : 7 miles south of El Marmol, June 18 ; Catavina, June 19 ; Chapala Dry Lake, June 21; Triunfo, July 13. Host : Prosopis. (76) Taranomis bivittata (Dupont) Sphaenothecus hivittatus Dupont, 1838, Mag. Zool., (1) 9: 58^; Guerin, 1844, Icon. Eegn. Anim., Ins., p. 250; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10 : 61 (record)-. Sphenothecus hivittatus, Bates, 1880, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5 : 84. Ischocnemis hivittatus, Leng, 1887, Entom. Amer., 2: 193. Taranomis hivittata, Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 333. Leptocera hilineata Gory, 1839, in : Guerin, Icon. Eegn. Anim., Ins., pi. 45, f . 9 ; Castelnau, 1840, Hist. nat. Ins. Coleopt., 2 : 490, pi. 34, f . 4. This widespread Sonoran insect has not as yet been taken on the mainland of Lower California, although it must surely occur there since it has been found on Carmen Island.. Type locality : Mexico\ Recorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas to southern California ; central and northern Mexico ; Gulf of California : Carmen Island^ (77) Taranomis pallida (Schaeffer) Ischocnemis pallida Schaeffer, 1905, Mus. Brooklyn. Inst. Arts Sci,, Bull. 1: 132^ Taranomisl pallida, Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 334. Spliaenotliecus C^Entomosterna) pallidus, Leng, 1920, Catal. Coleopt. N. Am., p. 280. Sphaenothecus pallidus, Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 61 (record)^. Ischocnemis pallida Schaeffer may not be strictly congeneric with the pre- ceding species since the prosternum is not protuberant, but it seems better referable to Taranomis than to any of the genera with which it has been previ- ously associated. In addition to the differences in the prosternum, pallida may be distinguished from hivittata by its smaller size, more robust form, densely, finely punctate abdomen, and the shorter, more stronglj^ serrate antennae of the female. Type locality : Santa Rosa, Lower Calif ornial Recorded distribution : Lower California : Santa Rosa\, Agua Verde' ; Gulf of California : Tiburon Island", San Jose Island^ Host : Cercidinm\ 64 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. (78) Parevander xanthomelas (Guerin) Amphidesmus xanthomelas Gu/:rin, 1844, Eev. Zool., 1844: 258^; Guerin, 1844, Mag. Zool., XIV, Ins., p. 3, pi. 146; Horn, 1874, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 5: 150 (record)^ Evander xanthomelas, Bates, 1880, Biol. Centr.-Amer., 5 : 72^ Parevander xanthomelas, Aurivillius, 1912, Coleopt. Catal., 39: 453. This species was recorded from Lower California by Horn on the basis of specimens in the Jardin des Plantes, Paris. I have not seen any examples from the peninsula. The species is rather common in southern and central Mexico. Type locality : Mexico\ Recorded distribution : Guatemala^ ; Mexico''' ^ ; Lower California". (79) Dendrobias mandibularis Serville Dendrobias mandihularis Serville, 1834, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 3: 42^; Dupont, 1836, Mag. Zool., 6: 23, pi. 151, f. 1; Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2: 61, pi. 2, f. 6; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record) ^j Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3: 315; Grossbeck, 1912, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31: 325 (record)^; Craighead, 1922, Can. Dept. Agr., Bull., 27: 81^ Trachyderes mandibularis, Castelnau, 1840, Hist. Nat. Ins. Coleopt., 2 : 416. Dendrobias quadrimaculatus Dupont, 1836, Mag. Zool., 6 : 22, pi. 151, f. 2. Dendrobias 4-maculatus, LeConte, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1861 : 335 (record)". Dendrobias peninsidaris Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 316, n. syn. Only one example of this widespread and well known species was taken by Michelbacher and Ross. Additional Lower California material has been seen from the following localities: Eureka Ranch (C.A.S.), Santa Rosa (Beyer, C.A.S.), and San Jose del Cabo (C.A.S.). Type locality : Mexico\ Recorded distribution : Southwestern United States : Texas to southern California ; Mexico ; Lower California^ : San Jose del Cabo^, Cape Region be- tween San Jose and Triunf o^ New Record : Loreto, June 20. Hosts : Parkinso7iia% Salix. (80) Lissonotus flavocinctus puncticoUis (Bates) Lissonotus multifasciatus var. puncticoUis Bates, 1885, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coleopt., 5: 3331. Lissonotus midtifasciatus, Leng, 1886, Entom. Amer., 2: 62, pi. 3, f. 7^; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 338 (record)^; Grossbeck, 1912, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31: 325 (record) ^ Lissonotus lucanus Casey, 1912, Mem. Coleopt., 3 : 317^, n. syn. This species is extremely variable in size, coloration, and punctation, but apparently the Lower California forms, to which Bates gave the name puncti- coUis^ are sufficiently distinct for subspecific recognition. Type locality : "Cape St. Lucas, Californie"\ Recorded distribution : northern Mexico ; southwestern United States : Arizona^ California" ; Lower California : Cape San Lucas\ San Jose del Cabo"*' ^ ; Cape Region between San Jose and Triunf 0'. Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY: CEBAMBYCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 65 Lower California specimens are at hand from Santa Rosa (Beyer, C.A.S., Leng-Cazier), San Jose del Cabo (C.A.S.)? and the Cape Region between San Jose and Triunfo (Leng-Cazier). A female from the latter "locality" is en- tirely black, without elytral fasciae. (81) Ipochus f asciatus LeConte Ipochus f asciatus LeConte, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 2: 167^; Casey, 1891, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 6: 45; Lexg and Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23: 104; Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4: 280; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10:61 (record)-. Specimens captured by Michelbacher and Ross extend the range of this wingless longicorn southward by nearly one hundred miles. Casey (1891, 1913) has applied names to a number of forms of this species but the exact status of these remain to be determined. The series of specimens at hand, mostly from southern California on a wide variety of hosts {Quercus, Jiiglans, Rhus, Pinus, etc.) exhibits a great deal of individual variation, none of which appears to be geographically or host specifically segregable. Type locality : San Diego, Calif ornia\ Recorded distribution : southern California ; Lower California : San Quin- tin^, San Martin Island". New Records : 19 miles east of Rosario, June 17 ; 10 miles south of Punta Prieta, June 21. (82) Ipochus insularis Blaisdell Ipochus insM^aj-is Blaisdell, 1925, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (4) 14: 340\ This species is larger than f asciatus and may be separated by the asperate eljrtra and different pubescent pattern. Only the type series is known (eight examples in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences) . Tvpe localitv : Middle San Benito Island\ (83) Moneilema (Collapteryx) subrugosa Bland Monilema suhrugosum Bland, 1862, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., 1: 268^; LeCqnte, 1873, Smith- son. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 230; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 339 (record)^ Omoscylon suhrugosum, Thomson, 1876, Physis, 1: 75. Monilema {Collapteryx) suhrugosum, Horn, 1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 12: 183, 187; Leng and Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23 : 105. Moneilema {Collapteryx) suhrugosa, Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4: 289. Moneilema {Collapteryx) suhrugosum, Psota, 1930, Coleopt. Contr., 1: 136^, pi. 8, f. 3-8, pi. 21, f . 1-3 ; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10 : 61 (record)*. Moneilema {Collapteryx) opaca Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4: 289. Moneilema {Collapteryx) lateralis Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11: 287^ In this species the pronotum is opaque and sparsely punctured, with the punctures coarser and closer along the apical and basal margins. The elytra are subopaque and moderately rugose, the antennae usually black, occasionally with the fourth segment annulate. It is apparently restricted to the Cape Region. Type locality : "Cape St. Lucas' ,"1 66 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. Kecorded distribution: Gulf of California: Carmen Island'; Lower Cali- fornia : San Jose del Cabo", Cape San Lucas^ El Taste^, San Felipe^, Santa Ilosa^ New Records : 5 miles west of San Bartolo, July 13 ; 5 miles south of Mira- flores, July 10 ; 10 miles southwest of San Jose del Cabo, July 9. Host : Lophocereus australis Brandigee. Twenty specimens were taken by Michelbacher and Ross, all on the above mentioned species of cactus. Additional material has been seen from Cai)e San Lucas. (84) Moneilema (CoUapteryx) rugosissima Casey Moneilema (CoUapteryx) rugosissima Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11 : 288\ Moneilema {Collayteryx) su'brugosum,'PsoTA, 1930, Coleopt. Contr., 1: 136 (pars)^ M. (C.) rugosissima Casey, was placed by Psota (1930) in synonymy with M. (C.) suhrugosa Bland, but as a result of the very fine series (one hundred and twenty-six specimens) brought back by Michelbacher and Ross, it is now possible to determine that rugosissima is distinct in structure, host, and dis- tribution. It may be distinguished readily by the shining pronotum and elytra, the first of which is coarsely closely punctured, the latter very strongly rugose. Type locality : Santa Rosa, Lower Calif ornia\ New Records : 10 miles south of Catavina, July 29 ; Mesquital, July 28 ; 25 miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25 ; 15 miles north of El Refugio, July 4 ; Venancio, July 17. Host : Lophocereus schottii (Engelmann) . This species was found by Michelbacher and Ross only in the arid portion of the peninsula northward from the Cape Region on Lophocereus schottii but other specimens have been seen by the writer from the type locality, Santa Rosa (Beyer, Leng-Cazier) . (85) Moneilema (CoUapteryx) semipunctata LeConte Monilema semipun datum LeConte, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2) 2: 167^; Le- Conte, 1873, Smithson. Misc., Coll., XI, 264: 229. Monilema (CoUapteryx) semipunctatum, Horn, 1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 12: 183, 185^; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 339 (record)^; Leng and Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23: 105. Moneilema (CoUapteryx) semipunctatum, Psota, 1930, Coleopt. Contr., 1: 134; Linsley, 1934, Pan-Pac. Ent., 10: 61 (record)*. This species is apparently confined to the Cape Region. The pronotum is punctured with fine and coarse punctures intermixed, the elytra with only the basal two-thirds punctate. The sculpturing of the antennal scape and femora is almost as strong as in suhrugosa Bland. Type locality : "Valecitas, Calif ornia"\ Recorded distribution : Lower California : Valeeitas^, San Pedro*, Cape San Lucas^' ^. Vol. XXIV] LINSLET: CEBAMBTCIDAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 67 (86) Moneilema (CoUapteryx) sp. One specimen, taken by Michelbacher and Ross three miles north of San Pedro, July 6 differs from semipunctata LeConte in the stronger lateral spine of the pronotum, and by having the pronotnm and elytra as closely and very nearly as coarsely punctate and rugose as rugosissima Casey. Whether this represents a distinct species or merely an individual variant, it is impossible to determine on the basis of the single example. (87) Moneilema (Collapterj^) michelbacheri Linsley, new species Male: Form elongate, robust; color black, shining; subgiabrous. Head ir- regularl}^ punctured ; face shining, punctures not dense but varying in size and spacing, coarser and denser laterally ; vertex dull, punctures of moderate size, separated by from one to several puncture widths, interspaces micro- punctate ; antennae attaining apical one-third of elytra, without pale annula- tions, segments micropunctate and minutely pubescent. Pronotum a little wider than long, sides armed with a blunt lateral spine ; surface shining, variably punctate but with the majorit}^ of the punctures small, irregularly placed, distinct, larger punctures scattered, most numerous at base and apex, interspaces micropunctate; sides of pronotum below tubercle very coarsely, closely punctured; pro-, meso-, and metasterna finely punctate. Legs robust; femora finely punctate ; posterior tibiae coarsely punctate apically and clothed with short, suberect, black setae. Elytra elongate oval, shining ; surface strongly punctured at base with the punctures set in subangular depressions, finer and more scattered over apical one-third, interspaces micropunctate. Abdomen finely, densely punctured, densely clothed with very fine, obscure, dark pubes- cence. Length 18-24.5 mm. Female : Generally larger and a little more robust ; antennae barely sur- passing middle of elytra. Length : 22-27 mm. Holotype, male (No. 5259, Mus. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ent.), allotype, female (No. 5260), and twenty-seven paratypes from fifteen miles north of Punta Prieta, July 29, 1939, on Opuntia higelovii. Additional paratypes : two speci- mens from ten miles south of Catavina, July 29, 1939, one from fifteen miles north of San Ignacio, July 26, one from twenty-five miles south of Santa Rosalia, July 25, and four examples from twenty miles north of Comondu, July 23. All were taken by Michelbacher and Ross. The two specimens from ten miles south of Catavina were captured in midmorning, the remainder at night as a result of searching with a lantern. Related to M. (C.) semipunctata LeConte but differing by having the elytra strongly punctured basally and fine punctures scattered over the apical one-third. M. (C.) spoliata Horn was described from San Borga, which is in the same general region, but in that species the antennae are annulate, and the pronotal and elytral sculpturing quite different. 68 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4th Ser. (88) Moneilema (Collapteryx) spoliataHorn Monilema (Collapteryx) spoliatum Horn, 1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 12: 186^; Leng and Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23 : 105. Monilema spoliatum, Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 339 (record)^. Moneilema (Collapteryx) spoliatum, Psota, 1930, Coleopt. Contr., 1: 135^; pi. 7, f. 3-6, pi. 20 f . 1-2. No lower California specimens of this species have been seen by the writer. Examples from southern California referred to spoliatum by Psota and others vary in the annulation of the antennae, but in all of the specimens at hand, at least two of the segments from three to seven have their basal halves ringed with white pubescence. The apical half of the elytra is impunctate, and the lateral pronotal spine short, acute. According to Psota, spoUata is scarcely separable from M. (C.) forte LeConte. Type locality : "Peninsula of California near the northern boundary.'" Recorded distribution : southern California^ ; Lower California : San Borga". (89) Moneilema (CoUapteryic) gigas LeConte Monilema gigas LeConte, 1873, Smithson. Misc. Coll., XI, 264: 230^ Monilema (Collapteryx) gigas, Horn, 1885, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 12: 183, 185; Leng and Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23: 105. Moneilema (Collapteryx) gigas, Psota, 1930, Coleopt. Contr., 1: 130-, pi. 5, f. 1-3, pi. 19, f. 1-2; LiNSLEY, 1934,Pan-Pac Ent. 10: 61 (record)^ Moneilema (Collapteryx) constricta Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4: 285. Moneilema (Collapteryx) uteana Cas'ky, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4: 285*. Moneilema (Collapteryx) pimalis Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4: 285. Moneilema (Collapteryx) spinicollis Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4: 286. Moneilema (Collapteryx) pollens Casey, 1913, Mem. Coleopt., 4; 286. Moneilema (Collapteryx) plectralis Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11: 286. Moneilema (Collapteryx) colossa Casey, 1924, Mem. Coleopt., 11: 28y. Psota (1930) is the authority for the above synonymy of the names pro- posed by Casey (1913,1924). Type locality : Arizona\ Recorded distribution : southwestern United States : Texas", New Mexico^, Utah*, Arizona^ ; Mexico : San Pedro Bay^ ; Gulf of California : San Lorenzo Island^ (90) Neoptychodes trilineatus (Linnaeus) Ceramhyx trilineatus Linnaeus, 1771, Mant. Plant., 2: 532^; Drury, 1770-73, 111. Exot. Ins., 1 : 91, pi. 14, fig. 1 ; Fabricius, 1775, Syst. Ent., p. 179. Stenocorus trilineatus, Fabricius, 1781, Spec. Ins., 1 : 226. Ptychodes trilineatus, Castelnau, 1840, Hist. Nat. Ins. Coleopt., 2: 480; LeConte, 1852, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliila., (2) 2: 146^; Chevrolat, 1862, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (4) 2: 255; Bates, 1885, Biol. Centr.-Amer,, Coleopt., 5: 337; Horn, 1894, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2) 4: 339 (record)^; Leng and Hamilton, 1896, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 23: 110; Heyne and Taschenberg, 1906, Exot. Kafer, p. 241, pi. 37, f. 6; Casey, 1913, Mem Coleopt., 4: 294; Horton, 1917, Jour. Agr. Ees., 11: 371, pis. 35-37 (biol.)*; Craighead, 1923, Can. Dept. Agr., Bull. 27: 105 (biol.)^ Vol. XXIV] LINSLEY: CERAMBYCIBAE OF LOWER CALIFORNIA 69 Neopiyclwdes trilineatus, Dillon an