NEN YORK sac ani fia

2°

ee

a oo

pier

a rn i. ‘at
a 7 * :
hctes

IS WHITESCO., PHOTO. DAVENPORT.

14) Wa WA ,

~NEW YorK
BOTANICAL GARDEN

Pee Er OINGS

DAVENPORT ACADEMY

Ne WR Aves SC lLENCES.

LSI Py a ae

1885 — 1889.

DAG ENP OIRGy SION eAs:
PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES

AD
1893.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE — 1893.

Mrs. M. L. D. PUTNAM, Chazrman.
Rev. W. H. BARRIS. Dr. C. H. PRESTON.
Pror. SAMUEL CALVIN. Dr. JENNIE McCOWEN.

The authors of the various papers are alone responsible for what is contained in them,

The date of the printing of each sheet is printed in each signature line.

EDWARD BORCHERDT, PRINTER.

ic @) oa awe Os om

Tue Fifth Volume of the Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of
Natural Sciences is submitted to the scientific public with the hope that it may
be found on the same plane of werth and interest with the volumes heretofore
issued.

Valuable work in various fields is shown. Of special interest are the five
botanical papers of the late Dr. C. C. Parry, and to him also fell the kindly
task of preparing the memorials, herein contained, of the late Prof. D. S. Shel-
don, LL. D., first President of the Academy, and of the late R.Smetham. The
last work of Dr. Parry’s life was the paper on “Ceanothus, L.” Only those
most intimately connected with the publication of the Proceedings of the
Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences can appreciate how much of success
was due to the fertile brain, untiring energy, and well-earned, world-wide repu-
tation of Dr. Parry. Many an early morning hour found him, after a brisk walk
from his country home, in consultation with the Chairman. The last pages
of Volume V., fresh from the press, were brought by him to the train, Septem-
ber 22, 1889, as the Chairman started on a journey across the seas. The fare-
well words were spoken, the last grasp of the hand taken, for in a brief time —
February 22, 1890— Dr. Parry took the longer journey from whence no traveler
returns. The publication since then has taken a long rest, ostensibly waiting
for the ““Index”—really paralyzed by the repeated inroads upon the member-
ship made by death and removals. :

Among the prominent supporters of the Academy who have been called
away was the late Charles E. Putnam, who contributed so much to the perma-
nent value of its publications, and whose efficient administration as President
closes this Volume. The late James Thompson, whose sudden death occurred
a few hours after his reélection to the Presidency, was a member of the Publi-
cation Committee. The removal of our former enthusiastic Curator, Prof. W.
H. Pratt, to Minneapolis, is felt as a very serious loss.

Other willing and able hands are taking up the work in various lines, and
continued generous support by the community at large, and accumulating be-
quests to the Endowment Fund, give every reason for encouragement in the
future. Prof. Samuel Calvin, lowa State Geologist, and Dr. Jennie McCowen
are now on the Publication Committee. Prof. W. H. Barris, whose reputation
as a geologist needs no mention, has taken the place of Prof. Pratt, as Curator.

On December 14, 1892, the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of the
Academy was celebrated by a successful entertainment, one delightful feature
of which was the reading by the Secretary, Dr. Jennie McCowen, of a most
carefully-prepared paper, giving a concise résumé of the history and work of

1V PREFACE.

the Academy. Many letters of congratulation from distant friends were read.
The marked increase of the library since the distribution of the Proceedings is
very gratifying. It now contains over 28,000 volumes, which are housed in the
fire-proof building of the Academy.

The Synopsis of Proceedings —in which will be found, page 248, a revision
of the Constitution and By-Laws, as adopted March 25, 1887 —is brought down
in this volume from 1885 to 1888, inclusive. A completed index of the five
volumes thus far published is appended, for the preparation of which the
Academy is indebted to Prof. W. J. McGee, of the United States Geological
Survey, and his able assistant, Mr. Van Doren. The portrait of the late Prof.
D. S. Sheldon, LL. D., as frontispiece of Volume V., was the gift of his former
pupils of Griswold College, through the efforts of Mr. George F. Henry, of
Des Moines.

It is the purpose of the Academy to publish hereafter in brochure form all
papers accepted, as soon as possible after presentation. In pursuance of this
plan, the following have already been issued as part of Volume VI.:

1. Bibliography of Iowa Antiquities, by Frederick Starr, Ph. D., of Chicago

University.

2. Ancient Grooved Rocks in Arkansas, by W. A. Chapman.

3. Buddhism in America, by Edward L. Berthoud, of Golden, Colorado.

Among other papers promised are one by Prof. Calvin, of the State Univer-
sity, and one by Prof. Barris on the local geology of Davenport.

The portraits of Dr. C. C. Parry and C. E. Putnam will also be contained
in Volume VI., with biographical sketches.

CON TENTS:

Preface, ; : ; : ; > : : : : :
On Certain Recent, Quaternary, and New Fresh- Water Mollusca — 2.
Ellsworth Call,

On Pyrgulopsis, a New Genus of Rissoid Mollusk, with Descriptions
of two New Genera— Pe. Ellsworth Call and Harry A. Pilsbry, .

A Defense of our Local Geology —W. H. Barris,

Volcanoes of the Sandwich Islands — C. S. Watkins,

Harfordia, Greene and Parry—A New Genus of Eriogonex from Lower
California — C. C. Parry, : ‘ 4

An Ancient Mine in Arkansas —Wm. A. Chapman, : ‘

Description of a New Hydrobia, with Notes on Other Rissoidze— Harry
A. Pilsbry,, . ae Oe

Lastarrieza, Remy —Confirmation of the Genus, with Character Ex-
tended — C. C. Parry,

Mound Explorations at Toolesboro, Louisa County, lowa—E&. P. Lynch,
Hf. C. Fulton, C. E. Harrison, C. H. Preston,

Additional Explorations at Toolesboro — C. £. Harrison, W. H. Pratt,
Contributions to the Mollusca of Florida — Chas. 7. Simpson,

Memoranda on a Collection of Fishes from the Ozark Region of Mis-
souri— FP. Ellsworth Call,

Iowa Thunder-Storms— Notes for the Summer of ie ree age
LAKIA

A Description of the Rockford Shales of lowa — Clement L. Were.
Mound Explorations in North-western Iowa — Frederick Starr,

Preliminary Annotated Catalogue of the Birds of lowa— Charles R.
Keyes and H. S. Williams, .

The North American Genus Ceanothus, with an Enumerated List, and
Notes and Descriptions of Several Pacific Coast Species — C. C,
Parry, : : : ;

Chorizanthe, R. Br— Review of Certain Species Heretofore Improperly
Characterized or eee Referred; with Two New Species —
Cig] Paxcry; :

Memorial of Professor David S. Sheldon, LL. D.—C. C. es ;

Ceanothus, L.— Recent Field Notes, etc.— C. C. Parry,

113

162

174
179
185

v1

CONTENTS.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS, 1885-88:

Annual Meeting, January 7, 188s,

Curator’s Report, 1885 —W. H.. Pratt,

Librarian’s Report, 1885 -— Fennie McCowen,

Report of Publication Committee, 1885 — Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam,
President’s Annual Address, 1885 — 7. C. Fulton,

Richard Smetham, Reminiscences of — C. C. Parry,

Annual Meeting, January 27, 1886,

Treasurer's Report, 1886 —W. H/. Fluke,

Recording Secretary’s Report, 1886 — fide M. Pratt,

Librarian’s Report, 1886 — Fennie McCowen,

Report of Publication Committee, 1886 — A7rs. MW. L. D. Putnam,
Curator’s Report, 1886 —W. H. Pratt,

President’s Annual Address, 1886 —C. 2. Putnam,

Resolutions on the Death of Prof. David S. Sheldon,

Presentation of the ee Collection, of the late J. Duncan
Putnam,

Annual Meeting, renee 26, 1887,

Treasurer’s Report, 1887 —G P. McClelland, .
Recording Secretary’s Report, 1887 — Fennie McCowen,
Curator’s Report, 1887 —W. H. Prait,

Librarian’s Report, 1887 — HZ. A. Pilsbry,

Report of Publication Committee, 1887 — Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam,
President’s Annual Address, 1887 — C. &. Putnam,
Constitution and By-Laws, as Revised March 25, 1887, .
Resolutions on the Death of C. E. Putnam,
Resolutions on the Death of Walker Adams, .

Annual Meeting, January 4, 1888, ; 5
Recording Secretary’s Report, 1888 — Yennie McCowen,
Librarian’s Report, 1888 — H/. A. Pilsbry,

Treasurer's Report, 1888 — Nicholas Kuhnen,

Curator’s Report, 1888 — W. 77. Pratt,

Report of Publication Committee, 1888 -—— Wrs. W. L. D. Putnam,
President’s Annual Address, 1888 — Charles E. Harrison,
Resolutions on the Death of George H. French,

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

DAVENPORT ACADEMY

Duele SC LEN CES.

VOLUME V.

FP ASP Ss ES

ON CERTAIN RECENT, QUATERNARY, AND NEW
FRESH-WATER MOLLUSCA.

BY R. ELLSWORTH CALL.
Read before the Academy, February 20th, 1886.

Tue area which has contributed most of these forms is'little known
conchologically. All the knowledge gathered concerning its molluscan
fauna is fragmentary, and, for the most part, scattered through many
publications, rendering a collation of their information an imperative
need. Such a collation has been for some time in progress, and the
present writer hopes soon to present a summary of the results.

Of the six species herein described, four have hitherto been charac-
terized by me, two of which were, in deference to authority, given
only varietal rank. It is now proposed to recognize the varietal names
as of specific value, and to republish the original descriptions as ap-
plicable to the specific name. This disposition is made in the light of
continued and careful study of these forms in conjunction with well-
preserved specimens of the species of which they were formerly re-
garded as varieties.

[Proc. D. A. N.8., Vou. V.] 1 { April 15, 1886. ]

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Ny

RISSOID.
Genus AmMnicoLA Gould & Haldeman (1841).

Amnicola dalli, sp. nov.
(Plate I., Figs. 4-6.)

Amunicola dalli, Call.— Bull. U. S. Geol. Sur., No. 11, p. 45, Plate VI., Figs.
4-6 (1884).

Shell narrowly umbilicate, obtusely conical, shining, slightly striated,
brown or greenish horn color; whorls four, convex, gradually increasing
in size; suture regularly impressed, somewhat deep; aperture rounded
before, somewhat angular behind, bluish white within ; lip simple, sharp,
margins joined by a thick callus, columella rather reflexed.

Length, 3.507"; breadth, 2.30™™.

Habitat and Station.— Mountain streams tributary to Pyramid Lake,
North-west Nevada.

For the diagnosis of the lingual dentition I am indebted to Mr.
Charles E. Beecher, who has prepared the following description and

illustrations :

“Jaw thin, membranaceous.

“Qdontophore 1.10™™ long, .13™™ wide. In a full-grown example
the odontophore has 94 transverse rows of teeth, with the formula
3—I —3-

“Rhachidian tooth short and broad, with the inferior lateral angles
produced. Cusp with seven denticles, of which the central one is the
largest. The anterior lateral faces are each furnished with a short,
strong, conical denticle, and the adjacent lateral margin of the tooth
is thickened and slightly produced. Formula for rhachidian tooth:

Ce ee
1-4

“Body of intermediate tooth quadrate; infero-interior angle some-
what produced: furnished with a large bullation, into which the infero-
interior angle of the succeeding tooth appears to fit as if for articula-
tion. Peduncle long and straight. Cusp with seven strong angular
denticles, arranged according to the formula 241+ 4.

“Body of the first lateral tooth elongate-triangular, oblique to the
direction of the broad peduncle. Cusp inflected, and carrying twenty-
three slender denticles.

“Outer lateral tooth hamate, with no marked distinction between the
body and peduncle. Free extremity incurved and bearing thirty-four
minute denticles. The denticle formula is, therefore,

CALL—ON NEW MOLLUSCA. 3

Bais
egy
“The apparent articulation of the intermediate teeth, as described

above, was observed in a fragment of an odontophore which presented

a lateral aspect under the microscope. It is not known that this feat-

ure has ever been noted in any other species, although it very proba-

bly occurs in many which have foraminated or bullate teeth. This
disposition of the teeth would allow great flexion of the odontophore
without their displacement.”

34—23—7— —7—23—34.

Fic. 1.—Lingual dentition of Ammnicola dalli, Call x 400.— Beecher.

a.—Two of the transverse rows of the odontophore, showing the normal position of the teeth.
The teeth are considered as opaque.

Analysis: 6—Outer laterals. c.— First laterals. d.—Intermediate teeth. e.— Rachidian
teeth.

Fic. 2.— Intermediate teeth ( x 400), showing mode of articulation.— Beecher.

4 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

This quite distinct form was collected in considerable numbers at
Symon’s Stage Station, near the foot of Pyramid Lake, Nevada. Its
nearest congener is A. porata Say, from which it differs in elevation,
sculpturing, and dentition. Since this last character is the one of chief
importance, the description of the dentition is here given. Comparing
the denticle formulz of the two forms, thus:

A. porata.
34143
5 a =
5 Eee 5
A. dalli.

Fd 58
31 ae ae 7—23—34,
124

the dissimilarity is strongly marked. Specimens may be seen in nu-
merous private collections, and in the cabinets of the Smithsonian In-
stitution, the New York State Museum of Natural History, and the
Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences.

30—18

18—30,*

VALVATID.
Genus VAtvata Miller (1774).

Valvata utahensis, sp. nov.
(Plate I., Figs. 1-3.)

Valvata sincera, var. utahensis, Call.— Bull. U. S. Geol. Sur., No. 11, p. 44, Plate

VI., Figs. 1-3 (1884).

Shell operculate, narrowly umbilicate, conical, with minute trans-
verse striae, shining, somewhat pellucid, yellowish horn color at apex,
white below; spire obtusely elevated, flattened at tip; suture well im-
pressed; whorls four, convex, regularly increasing, the uppermost ones
with a single well-marked carina, which becomes obsolete on the last
whorl; last whorl equals one-half the whole length of the shell; aper-
ture circular, slightly angled posteriorly; peristome simple, continuous,
joined to the next whorl above by a very slight calcareous deposit ;
within white.

Operculum light horn color, corneus, spirally multivolute, slightly
produced posteriorly to conform to the shape of the aperture. Denti-
tion unpublished.

Length, 4.80% .breadth,, 3.20".

Habitat.— Lake Utah, Utah.

* After Stimpson, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., No. 201, p. 14, Fig. 6; also ibid., No. 144, p. 80,
Fig. 158.

CALL — ON NEW MOLLUSCA. 5

This form was dredged by the writer, in August, 1883, in great num-
bers in Utah Lake, near Lehi, not far from the head of the River
Jordan. It is intermediate between Va/vata sincera Say and V. wvirens
Tryon. From the first it differs in the unicarinate upper whorls, in
being more elevated, in possessing a very much smaller umbilicus, and
in its greater size. From the second it differs in color, size, carination,
and form of aperture. It resembles, in some respects, /~ wnicarinata
De Kay (=F. fricarinata Say), but differs in size, ornamentation, and
form of aperture. Specimens may be seen in the Smithsonian Institu-
tion, in the New York State Museum of Natural History, in the Daven-
port Academy of Natural Sciences, and in the private collections of
Beecher, Stearns, Dall, Aldrich, and the writer.

LIMN 4ZID.

Genus Raptx Montfort (1810).

Radix utahensis, sp. nov.
(Plate I., Figs. 7-9.)
Radix ampla, var. utahensis, Call.— Bull. U. 5S. Geol. Sur., No. 11, p. 47, Plate

VI., Figs. 7-9 (1884).

Shell globose, somewhat umbilicated, irregularly costate, light horn
color, nearly pellucid; spire rather small, conical; whorls four to four
and one-half, convex, somewhat flattened above, giving rather a shoul-
dered appearance to the whorls, rapidly increasing in size, the last
whorl being inflated, with numerous rather marked transverse coste,
minutely wrinkled; suture somewhat deep, regularly impressed; aper-
ture elongately ovate, effuse, approaching patulous, pearly white within ;
outer lip simple, the margin connected by a slight calcareous deposit;
columella somewhat twisted, but straight in front. Dentition unpub-
lished. Length of largest specimen, 16.82™"; breadth, 8.88 ™™. The
average of nine specimens gave a length of 13 40™™, breadth 7.10™™,
with about the same ratio for corresponding measurements of aperture.

Length, 23:-40°™ ; breadth; 7:10"™.

Length of aperture, 9.00"; breadth of aperture, 5.go™™.

Flabitat and Station.— Lake Utah, Lehi, Utah.

This is a rare form in Utah Lake, its only locality so far as known.
Its nearest affinity is Radix ampla Mighels. In the preceding refer-
ence its relation to Polyrhytis kingii Meek has been noted. It was
associated with abundant specimens of the Va/vata herein described,
and with Fluminicola fusca Haldeman and Spherium dentatum Halde-
man. Specimens may be seen as above.

6 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Genus LIMNOPHYSA Fitzinger (1833).

Limnophysa bonnevillensis, sp. nov.
(Plate I., Figs. 10-13.)
Limnophysa bonnevillensis, Call.— Bull. U.S. Geol. Sur., No. 11, p. 48, Plate

VL., Figs. 10-13 (1884).

Shell umbilicated, elongate, ventricose or bullate, somewhat solid,
faintly striate and very minutely reticulated below the suture, the last
whorl bearing faint longitudinal ridges or costz; spire elevated, acute ;
suture deeply impressed; whorls 4 to 4%, very much rounded, some-
times tending to geniculation above, the last whorl equal to three-
fourths the whole length of the shell, rapidly increasing in size, much
swollen, somewhat expanded at base; columella somewhat plicate,
slightly callous, regularly arcuate; columella and peristome continu-
ous; peristome simple, margins joined by a heavy callus, which is con-
tinuous and so reflexed as to partially close the umbilicus; aperture
broadly ovate, often patulous, equal to one-half the entire length of the
shell, oblique, angled slightly behind.

Fossil, Quaternary. Bonneville Lake beds, Kelton, Utah.

The four largest specimens of the many in the collections give the
following dimensions:

SPECIMEN. LENGTH. | BREADTH.
er er:. ; in ‘mm. rics mm. x
eg is L8H ale es, 15.00 7.80
The IT a melee ae 11.00 5.80
Be Mt daar he aes 9.40 5.20
‘eV ce a emer rl ie Us|).
STREPOMATID.

Genus GONIOBASIS Lea (1862).
Goniobasis stearnsiana, sp. nov.

Shell globose, not very elongate,
excavated in umbilical region, but not
umbilicated, usually coarsely and ob-
liquely costate on upper whorls; spire
conical, not much elevated; whorls
542-6, scarcely convex, appressed
at the suture, body-whorl very large,
more than equalling one-half the en-

ING: 3: 3 : .
Gon. STEARNSIANA. * 9 tire length, often angulate at periph-

CALL—ON NEW MOLLUSCA. 7

ery, above which it is flattened, many-banded and smooth, or bandless
and coarsely multistriate, the striz cord-like and variable in number,
coarsely and obliquely wrinkled by the well-marked lines of growth;
suture well but irregularly impressed; aperture oblique, trapezoidal,
twice as long as broad, effuse, white or creamy-white within, often
banded with broad purple bands, slightly retuse at columellar region;
peristome simple, sigmoid, a little thickened, somewhat reflexed at
base of columella; columella thickened, always white, twisted; parietal
wall usually with a thick deposit of callus, which is sensibly thickened
near the posterior angle of aperture.
Operculum black, otherwise as usual in the genus.

Ffabitat and Station.—-This shell occurred only in a limited area in
Dyke’s Creek, a clear and cold mountain stream tributary to the Etowah
River, Floyd County, Georgia. Associated with it were numerous speci-
mens of Margaritana georgiana \.ea, two species of undetermined C770,
Goniobasis vittata Anthony, and Gonzobasis bella Conrad. It has the
habit of Anculosa, and is to be sought only in the most swiftly flowing
and deepest portions of the stream, on rocks. It is not abundant, the
most painstaking examination revealing some two hundred individuals.

The characters given are those which appear to be most constant,
though some. of these are variable. The variations, as usual in this
family, range through wide limits. Thus, occasional specimens of the
smooth and banded type depart so far from the figure that the whorls
are loosely coiled and very much rounded; this does not appear to be
of varietal value, but is pathologic. The color, again, ranges from light
yellow to dark olive, and the peripheral angle becomes almost a carina.
The average dimensions of seventeen individuals are, for length, 21.14™™;
for breadth, 12.02™. The largest specimen has a length of 26.08™™
and a diameter of 14.00™™.

Specimens may be seen in the United States National Museum,
Cornell University, New York State Museum of Natural History,
Amherst College, Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, and in the
private collections of C. E. Beecher, T. H. Aldrich, and the writer.
The species is named in honor of Dr. R. E. C. Stearns, so well known
for his researches on the Pacific Coast mollusca.

8 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

CORBICULID.
Genus SPHRIUM Scopoli (1777).
Sphzerium uintaense, sp. nov.

Shell thin, small, globose, ventricose, slightly
inequilateral, posterior and anterior margins well
rounded, very slightly produced posteriorly; um-
bones large, subcalyculate, full, rounded, dark,
retaining embryonic shell, approximate; basal
margin rounded, thus giving a circular outline to
shell; epidermis shining, dark straw or olive col-
ored, substriate, light yellowish on basal margin ;
cardinal teeth microscopic, slightly in advance of
the middle region of the umbones, not widely
separating; lateral teeth small, short, somewhat
upcurved.

Viewed in profile from in front, the point of junc-
tion of lower portion of valves with the embry-
onic shell appears as a well-marked obtuse angle.

Length, 4.76™"; diameter, 4.02™; number of
specimens, eight.

Habitat and Station.— A lake in the Uinta
Mountains, Utah, at an elevation of 10,500 feet.
The specimens were communicated by Prof.

Fic. 4. a < ra
Spuaerm vinraense.. Orson Howard, of Salt Lake City) amide
x5 collected by him in August, 1885.

This species is remarkable for its small size, all the specimens seen
being mature, and one with fry, and for the great elevation at which it
occurred. This is by far the greatest hypsometic range recorded for
any lamellibranch. The lake is snow-fed, and therefore its normal
temperature must be far below that of waters in which the Cordbzicu-
fide usually occur. Its extreme fragility and small size, it is believed,
must be coordinated with these features of its environment. Specimens
are in the collection of Prof. O. Howard and or the writer.

It may not be altogether improper, in this connection, to advert to
the lax usage of naturalists in connection with the terms /adifat and
station. They are used as though strictly synonymic, while possessed
of a definite and precise meaning. It is proposed, therefore, that the
term /adbitat be used in the sense of geographic distribution, while s¢a-
tion should be used always and alone to indicate the immediate phys-
ical environment of the form considered. Such is the sense herein con-
templated.

CALL AND PILSBRY —ON PYRGULOPSIS. 9

ON PYRGULOPSIS, A NEW GENUS OF RISSOID
MOLLUSK, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF
TWO NEW FORMS.

BY R. ELLSWORTH CALL AND HARRY A. PILSBRY.
Raad before the Academy, February 26th, 1586.

In September, 1883, Mr. R. E. C. Stearns described a rissoid mol-
lusk from Pyramid Lake, Nevada, under the name of Pyrgula neva-
densis. His description was based, in part, upon material furnished
by one of the present writers, which was, at that time, inconsiderable
in amount. In the following year the form was collected in almost
incredible numbers in the original locality, and studied by Messrs.
Call and Beecher in as complete a manner as rather unfavorable cir-
cumstances would admit. At that time the generic reference of the
species appeared to be unquestionable, and, in the absence of speci-
mens of European Pyrgula for comparison, was agreed upon as prob-
ably correct. Since this later study of the Nevada form, in which the
dentition was illustrated and found to be rissoid, additional data have
accumulated, which appear to render impossible the original generic
reference. These data consist, in the main, of a careful study of the orig-
inal bibliographic matter concerning the institution of Pyrgula as a
genus, of the discovery of at least two additional forms which seem to be
congeneric with Pyrgula nevadensis, neither of which agree with typical
Pyrgula, either in station or understood hypsometric range, and of
certain conchologic features that appear in the following diagnosis. In
the further absence of any generic group which will include these shells,
it has seemed proper to institute for their reception a genus that would
do no violence to their conchologic affinities or to their geographic
distribution. We therefore propose the name of Pyrgidlopsis for these
forms, and define the genus as follows:

PYRGULOPSIS, vez. nov.
(Etymolory: Pyrgula, and ofsis—aspect of.)
Type, Pyrgulopsis nevadensis Stearns.
b) , S
Pyrgula nevadensis Stearns.—. Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1883.

Generic characters: Shell minute, conically turreted, somewhat
elongated, imperforate, unicarinate; apex acute; aperture ovate; peri-
treme continuous.

[Broc. DIAC N.S; Von. Ve]

w

[May 25, 1886.]

10 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Operculum ovate, thin, corneous, spiral, with polar point well forward
and approximating the columella.

Jaw thin, membranaceous.

Odontophore with teeth arranged in transverse rows, according to
the formula 3-+-1+3. Formula for denticles of rhachidian :

Distribution: Western and South-western United States, in fresh or
brackish water.

So far as known to us, the typical European Pyrgw/@. are bicarinate
or multicarinate. ‘The type of the genus is the species described by
Michelin* as JZelania helvetica. ‘The founders of the genus, Christoforo
and Jan, described the same form as Pyrgzla annulata, from a locality
in Switzerland. Figures 11 and 12 of Plate II. are drawn from Switzer-
land specimens of this form.

As above defined, this genus will include the form described by Mr.
John Wolf as Pyrgula scalariformis.t Although the first described
species, it was not considered advisable to constitute this form the type
of the genus. Being a post-pliocene fossil, it was impossible to indi-
cate those characters in the animal itself which are desirable in framing
an intelligible diagnosis. These have, so far as the operculum and
dentition go, been studied in the Nevada form only. The remaining
species to be included are, besides the type, P. mississippiensis, sp.

nov., and P. spzmosus, sp. NOv.

DESCRIPTIONS OF THE SPECIES OF PYRGULOPSIS.

Pyrgulopsis nevadensis Stearns.
(Plate II., Figs. 1-10.)

Pyrgula nevadensis Stearns. — Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 173, figure (1883).
” Call and Beecher, Am. Nat., Sept. 1884, Vol. XVIII., pp. 851-855; from
this paper the present account of the dentition is copied. Calle Bull. U. S. Geol.

Survey, No. 11, 1884.

Shell small, somewhat elongated, variable, turreted, imperforate;
whorls 4% —5"%, strongly unicarinate on periphery, otherwise smooth;
epidermis shining, light straw color or whitish, white at suture; suture
deeply and regularly impressed, made conspicuous by the approximat-
ing carina; aperture very oblique, roundly ovate, with an angle on
outer edge Comespoedging to the excavated carina, > POSE sharply

sen de ee. p- 37, Plate xxxvii. (1831. )
{Vide American Journal of Conchology, Vol, V., 1869, p. 198, Plate xvii., Fig. 3.

CALL AND PILSBRY — ON PYRGULOPSIS. at

angled, well rounded before; peritreme continuous, almost rimate,
closely appressed to parietal wall.

Operculum light corneous, spiral, closely fitting the aperture.

The following account and illustration of the dentition is by Mr.
Charles E. Beecher, who has devoted much attention to the dentition
of this group:

“Jaw thin, membranaceous.

“Odontophore .62™™ in length, and .15™™ in width. ‘There are usu-
ally fifty-five transverse rows of teeth, arranged according to the for-
mula 3 —1—3, which is common to the family Rissoide.

“Rhachis distinct, occupying one-fourth the width of the ribbon.
Rhachidian tooth (Fig. 1) short and broad, with the infero-lateral angles
produced and slightly arcuate. On each side of the anterior face is a
strong, short, conical process or basal tooth projecting outward and
somewhat downward. Basal margin trilobate; central lobe truncate.
Cusp curved forward, and extended into a strong denticle with four
smaller ones on each side. The formula of the denticles for this tooth
would, therefore, be:

7 a ey

1e9

“Body of intermediate tooth* subrhomboidal, with the infero-interior
angle slightly produced and with an angulation in the margin above.
From this point there is a thickening or ridge extending toward the
fixed end. Peduncle longer than the body of the tooth. Upper mar-
gin abruptly curved forward and marked by seven denticles, of which
the third inner one is usually the largest; the formula for this tooth
may be written 2+1+4.

“Inner lateral tooth (Fig. 3) spoon-shaped, with the infero-interior
margin angular. Upper anterior margin marked with a fringe of about
twenty-four denticles, decreasing in length from the interior extremity.
Peduncle straight, wider than the body.

“Outer lateral tooth (Fig. 4) falciform, straight along the peduncle.
Anterior margin and extremity denticulated with thirty minute denti-
cles, usually decreasing in length toward the distal extremity, but
subject to some variation. The denticulate margin extends more than
one-third the length of the tooth. Peduncles slender and nearly

straight.
“The formula for the denticles is:
, 4+1+4 .
30\— 24 — 7 = a 7 — 94 — 30.

“There is a marked variation in the character of the denticles on the
intermediate and lateral teeth. On the intermediate they are large,

*Jt is proposed by Mr. Beecher and the senior writer to give to this tooth the name of
admedian. In a forthcoming monograph of the Rissoide that name will be constantly so em-
ployed.

£2 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

angular, and somewhat irregular. ‘The lateral teeth are uniformly
marked by a regular fringe of slender denticles, which are much
smaller on the outer lateral.

“Some portions of the membrane and different specimens show con-
siderable variation in the length and strength of the denticles on the
lateral teeth, and sometimes their number seems subject to some
mutation. The numbers given in the formule were averaged from
several enumerations, and represent the comparative denticulation of
the teeth.”

DESCRIPTIONS OF FIGURES.

(All figures enlarged to 500 diameters.)

Fic. 1.— Rhachidian teeth.
“© 2,—Intermediate teeth.

3.— Inner laterals.
4.— Outer laterals.
5.— A portion of the odontophore, representing the teeth in their natural position.

CALL AND PILSBRY —ON PYRGULOPSIS. [3

This species has a limited distribution, occurring only, so far as
present information goes, in North-western Nevada, in Walker and
Pyramid Lakes. Living forms have been collected only in the last-
named locality.

The description of Dr. Stearns has been amended to form a diag-
nosis as complete as very extensive series would permit. The shell is
exceedingly variable, ranging from short and stout to long and slender,
and from strongly carinate to entirely smooth. Figures 6, 7, and 8 of
Plate II. show the smooth forms and the variations to which they are
inclined.

Pyrgulopsis mississippiensis, sp. nov.
(Plate TL, Figs. 14-16.)
Pyrgula scalariformis, var. mississippiensis Pilsbry.— Am. Nat., Jan. 1886, p.

75. No description.

Shell minute, pupiform, elevated, imperforate; whorls 514-6, flat-
tened, with a well-marked carina on lower third, which becomes cen-
tral on periphery of last whorl, body-whorl equal to one-half entire
length of shell and bluntly angulated at position of carina; epidermis
—,; suture distinct, deeply impressed only at commencement of
last whorl and below, above last whorl covered by carina; aperture
narrowly ovate, broadly rounded before and narrowly rounded behind,
very oblique; peritreme continuous, almost rimate, slightly reflected
over the parietal wall; lip simple, sharp.

Animal unknown.

This form has hitherto occurred only in the Mississippi River, near
the mouth of Rock River, on the Illinois side — Rock Island County,
Illinois. Many dead specimens have been taken, but, as yet, no living
ones. It differs in important particulars from the P. scalariformis,
Wolf, which is “carinate its entire length,” has a different aperture,
and is markedly different in the character of the sutures. Our species
is ecarinate on all whorls above the body-whorl, the carina being de-
pressed and filling entirely the suture. The outlines of the apical
whorls are wholly unlike the figured type of Wolf’s species. The aver-
age measurements of the four specimens upon which the preceding
description is based are, for length, 4.66™™; for breadth, 1.61™™, The
proportions of length and breadth, while variable, do not vary within
so wide limits as the P. xevadensis. ‘The individual measurements are
as follows:

Specimen z.— Length, 3.58™™; breadth, 1.60™™.
“

“ 2. Beyer : : rig ls (See
“ a oer « oy 5oum : 6 if 64mm,
vee is 2 4omn ; “ iT. 64cm:

[4 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Pyrgulopsis spinosus, sp. nov.
(Plate II., Figs. 17-19.)

Shell minute, imperforate, turreted, unicarinate, carina modified
into spinous processes on last three whorls, darker colored than
balance of shell; whorls 5—51'%, first two rounded, destitute of spines
or carina, the last three somewhat geniculate, angled at location
of carina, body-whorl large, sometimes with an occasional spine
below the carina; epidermis light horn color, nearly white at apex,
with microscopic longitudinal revolving striz, shining; aperture roundly
ovate, slightly longer than broad, rounded anteriorly; peristome not
continuous, sharp, simple, slightly reflected near the columella, sug-
gesting a faint umbilicus; suture slightly impressed.

Operculum spiral, reddish horn color.

Specimen r.— Length, 3.86™™,; breadth, 2.34™™.

ig 2— “* grooms % rihreke
z en g.005" 1.5 ara

Flabitat.— Comal Creek, a clear stream at New Braunfels, Texas,
on rocky bottoms. It was associated with numerous specimens of
Goniobasis pleuristriata Say, Amnicola (species undetermined), and
Bythinella (species undetermined).

In some particulars this form may be compared with Stimpson’s
genus Potamopyrgus. It differs radically, however, in the character of
the spinous processes, which in that type are epidermal, while in our
form they are true testaceous products. It is the only spinous rissoid
described from the United States.

Pyrgulopsis scalariformis Wolf.
(Plate 1]., Fig. 13.)
Pyrgula scalariformis Wolf.—Am. Jour. Conch., Vol. V., p. 198, Plate xvii,

Fig. 3 (1860).

“Shell turreted, slender; whorls 6, chalky white; suture deeply im-
pressed; carinate its entire length on the lower edge of the whorls;
mouth small, ovate, but slightly connected with the last whorl. Length,
one-half inch. ;

“Post-pliocene; abundant on the Tazewell shore of the Illinois
River.” (Wolf. )

No other locality has been recorded, and no living specimens have
ever been taken. ‘The figure is a copy of the original, and has been
the main reliance in referring the species to this genus. We have not
been able to procure from the author either the types or authentic
specimens for examination.

BARRIS—A DEFENSE OF OUR LOCAL GEOLOGY. 15

A DEFENSE OF OUR LOCAL GEOLOGY.
BY W. H. BARRIS.

[Being a criticism of a pamphlet en the “Geology of Scott County, Lowa, and Rock
Island County, Illinois,” by A. S. Tiffany. Originally read as an address before
the Academy, it is published in such form, rather than as a more rigidly strict
scientific paper. |

Read before the Academy, February 2bth, 188.

Ir was an unfortunate venture when the author of this pamphlet
proclaimed in the “Naturalist’s Directory” that his fov¢e consisted in
“the correct naming of fossils.” His friends had a right to expect that
in his first paper on the subject, a claim so conspicuously set forth
would be fully substantiated. They certainly were not prepared to
recognize within a few pages no less than one hundred and eighty blun-
ders in the correct naming of fossils.* ‘The printers of the pamphlet,
realizing that their reputation for accuracy might be compromised by
the occurrence of such blunders, remonstrated; but they were over-
ruled, and given to understand it was just as it should be.

It certainly was unfavorable for the kind reception of the pamphlet
that blunders should be allowed to accumulate in such numbers. One,
two, or more, might be overlooked; but the presence of so many
errors gives rise, most naturally, to the suspicion that the same want
of care, thought, and judgment that led to such blunders, even in the
naming of fossils, might equally fail to grasp the nice distinctions on
which genus and species are founded; in other words, blunders in the
correct naming of fossils might pave the way for blunders in their iden-
tification. The suspicion is confirmed by the result.

We are confronted with the statement that from the Corniferous
limestone developed in this locality have been gathered over two hun-
dred and forty-six species of fossils. We infer the utter improbability
that this number of species are found in this locality, from the follow-
ing considerations :

First. The character of the rock is against it. Professor Hall, of
our first State Geological Survey, writing of the Corniferous limestone
of our vicinity, says: “The large amount of shaly matter mingling with
the material of the rock, or occurring as shaly seams between the beds,
would appear to render the condition of the ancient ocean unfit for the

* The errors noted are distributed as follows, viz.: In the first list, page 7, 44; in the second
list, page 17, 57; in the third list, page 24, 45; in the fourth list, page 28, 18; in the fifth list, page
29, 3; in the text, 18; making a total of 18s.

16 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

development of animal life. In nearly all the exposures observed it
contains few fossils.” * Professor Hall had access only to the expos-
ures above the city. Since that time quarries have been opened below.
The general character of the rock, to some extent, still prevails. That
it is unfavorable to the preservation of fossil remains is apparent from
the condition in which they are found. It holds them firmly, and gives
them up reluctantly. Ground into small fragments before the deposi-
tion of the rock, they are compacted into its substance. If large frag-
ments occur, they are generally broken or crushed. Even where a
somewhat perfect external form appears, in the majority of cases the
finer markings and the delicate organs, on the preservation of which
identification depends, are obliterated beyond all hope of restoration.
As a general rule, the rarer the fossil the more damaged is its condi-
tion. Of the genus Stereocrinus, one of our Crinoids, of which scat-
tered fragments had been found from time to time, it was not till
after six or seven years of exploration that a specimen was found in a
sufficiently good condition to warrant description and illustration. In
a single instance a reef is formed, abounding in fossils on its upper sur-
face. The most noticeable fact is not the abundance of differing spe-
cies, but the recurrence of so many individuals of the same species.
While they exist in numbers partially weathered, it is to the exclusion
of every other form. At the same time, it is so difficult to extricate
the individual from the mass, that it would be impossible to find a sin-
gle well-preserved specimen in any cabinet in the city. From such a
character of the rock, we deduce that no great number of species may
be expected.

As a second consideration, the limited exposures of the rock are
against it. In this respect, geologists at a distance, who have never
visited us, find it difficult to realize our situation. In proportion as
the exposures of a rock are multiplied, extended, as they often are,
along a river or some other natural exposure, or cropping out at inter-
vals throughout a State, in that proportion we look for abundance of
species. We emphasize this fact. Our whole Corniferous limestone
in its fossiliferous portion comprises simply two or three slight expos-
ures above the city —now almost obliterated —a slight show between
Rock Island and Moline, also at Milan, and two or three small, insig-
nificant quarries below the city. This is the whole extent of the fossil-
bearing limestone as exposed in our vicinity. We are told that out of
this have come two hundred and forty-six species of fossils.

* Geology of Iowa, Vol. I., p. 84.

BARRIS—A DEFENSE OF OUR LOCAL GEOLOGY. I7,

A third consideration opposed to such statement is this: The ex-
perience of all other geologists is against it. No geologist from abroad
ever visited our quarries without a disappointment, both as to the num-
ber of fossils obtained and the unsatisfactory condition in which they
were found. I might appeal to every member of the Academy who
has ever wrought in this rock, as to the want of success that has inva-
riably attended his labors. A whole summer’s work may be summed
up thus: Much time spent, many visits made, and few fossils found.
And hence the universal surprise expressed at the statement of the au-
thor of this pamphlet, that in this meagre locality he had collected no
less than two hundred and forty-six species of fossils.

Taking into consideration the character of the rock, the fewness of
its exposures, the uniform testimony of all other workers in the rock,
the statement of the author as to the number of species collected will
never be credited by any practical geologist. There will be a suspi-
cion that the number of blunders in the matter of identification will
equal, if not far exceed, the number of blunders already referred to.

As a fourth consideration, such a number of species is not favored
by a comparison of this with other localities. A test case might be
reached, could we find elsewhere in the Corniferous limestone an expos-
ure as limited as ours, and with rock of similar character. Failing to
do so, and using such material as I have access to, I compare the small
with the great. Certain facts in the geology of the State of Michigan
may aid us in this matter.

It will be remembered that Professor Rominger, the present State
Geologist, has drawn no line between the Corniferous limestone and the
Hamilton group, but treats them as one formation. It extends on the
eastern shore of Lake Michigan from twenty to twenty-five miles, with
a far greater exposure on the western shore of Lake Huron, bordering
rivers, inland lakes, and islands. In places, particular exposures are
measured, not as ours, by the rod, but by the mile. Professor Win-
chell, of the first Geological Survey, writes: “Twenty rods west of this
locality is amore considerable exposure, extending along the beach for
three-quarters of a mile, and forming an escarpment which, at some
points, attains an elevation of thirty-five feet.” *

Professor Rominger says of Khagashewung Point: “For more than
a mile’s length it is lined with vertical rock bluffs, about fifteen feet
high.” +

* Report on the Grand Traverse Region, p. 41.

{ Geological Survey of Michigan, by Professor Rominger, Vol. III., p. 58.
[Proc. D. A. N.S8., Vou. V.] 3 [July 1, 1886.]

18 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

These two exposures, in extent of surface, exceed ours a hundred, if
not many hundred times. So much for extent of rock.

Another equally important fact is its prevailing fossiliferous charac-
ter. In many places, limestones and shales are absolutely crowded
with fossils, many of which are in an excellent state of preservation.
Professor Rominger writes in reference to the shoals near Thunder Bay
Island: “The exuberance of fossils is most beautifully exhibited. One
sailing on them can see for miles the whole bottom paved with corals
in convex lumps, from a few inches to some feet in diameter, their white
sparry substance contrasting beautifully with the dark limestone which
incloses them.” *

Professor Winchell says of a certain coral: “Fine specimens of this
coral can be collected in any quantity, even to a shipload.” +

With such extensive exposures of rock, in many portions crowded
with fossils, we ask as to the number of species that are found. If our
meagre exposure, measured by a few rods, affords two hundred and
forty-six species and more, may we not expect a proportionate increase
in number with miles of exposure, its profusion of fossils, two of the
most accomplished geologists of the day engaged in the survey, and the
wealth of the whole State of Michigan to back them in their work?
What is the result? Professor Winchell thus writes: “The table which
follows embraces a list of all the fossils thus far collected, including the
collections of my recent survey, and those heretofore made by State
authority.” { That list furnishes ninety-two species. In addition to
these, Professor Rominger enumerates seventy-five more. Thus the
results of the two geological surveys of Michigan are one hundred and
sixty-seven species. In other words, the whole State of Michigan has
furnished not far from two-thirds as many species as are found in our
few small quarries and neighboring exposures. Is it probable?

The same survey furnishes us with another equally pertinent illustra-
tion. <A family of corals, known as the Cyathophyliide, exists in the
Hamilton of Northern Michigan, at times in as wonderful state of per-
fection as when the /oZyf lived in its cell. In this locality the whole
internal cavity is filled with foreign material which cannot be removed
without injury to the structure, and yet on this internal portion, more
than any external character, the identification of this class of corals de-
pends. Of this one family of the Cyathophyllide, in its two members of

* Geological Survey of Michigan, by Professor Rominger, Vol. II., p. 47.
} Report on the Grand Traverse Region, by Professor Winchell, p. 41.
{ Report on the Grand Trayerse Region, p. 85.

BARRIS—A DEFENSE OF OUR LOCAL GEOLOGY. 19

Cyathophyllum and Zaphrentis, Professor Rominger has noted and illus-
trated nine species, and Professor Winchell about six, making a sum
total of fifteen. This pamphlet credits our limited locality with thirty-
three— more than twice as many as are found in the whole State of
Michigan.

I pause for a moment over another feature of this pamphlet. It is
admitted that certain fossils not only have a wide range, but reappear
in successive formations. But it is an unheard of phenomenon, until
this pamphlet broached it, that, in any locality circumscribed as ours,
out of two hundred and forty-six species, one hundred and fifty-nine
are characteristic of the Corniferous limestone, and eighty-seven are
representatives of other and distant rocks. It reaches the proportion of
almost two-thirds of the whole number reported as found. Call the roll,
and Trenton responds, 1; Clinton, 3; Niagara, 14; Guelph, 1; Lower
Helderberg, 5; Onondaga, 3; Schoharie Grit, 7; Oriskany, 3; Cornifer-
ous, 159; Hamilton, 35; Tully, 2; Chemung, 2; Burlington, 1; Up-
per Helderberg, 2; Marcellus Shale, 2; 28 so unfortunate as to be un-
named.*

That such a heterogeneous assemblage should mass itself within the
compass of our few quarries is an anomaly having no parallel within
the range of geological investigation.

The identification of fossils is a work of acknowledged difficulty,
even with the best of facilities. In proportion as there is a deficiency
in authorities and means of comparison, especially if the fossils are in a
poor state of preservation, the difficulty is greatly enhanced. Illustra-
tions of this difficulty abound. One can scarce go amiss for them.

Professor White, of the Smithsonian Institution, gives two figures
of a certain coral so common that ninety-nine out of a hundred col-
lectors would not hesitate to name it. He declines either to de-
scribe or identify it, on the ground of the necessity of a thorough
revision of the fossil corals of our country, and the consequent doubt
that is naturally felt as to the correctness of specific determinations by
means of merely the external features. External characteristics, it is
true, will always remain valuable aids in the specific determination of
fossil corals; but in the present state of paleontological science one is
not justified in omitting microscopic and other details of internal
structure.

Professor Worthen, of the State Geological Survey of Illinois, thus
writes of a certain spirifer: “This shell seems closely allied to several

* Pamphlet, p. 19.

26 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

forms described by Professor Hall under other names, but not figured.
Until all these have been fully illustrated, it is impossible to make
detailed comparison without specimens of all these forms.” *

In the State of Michigan a particular shell abounded to such an ex-
tent that the rock containing it took its name from the shell. It was
known as the Zvopfidoleptus bed. Subsequently, Professor Winchell
writes: “The term 7Zyvofidoleptus beds is changed to Aryozoa beds,
since the supposed Zropidoleptus proves to be a Strophodonta, an en-
tirely different species.” t

Professor Hall, of the State Geological Survey of New York, has
more than once claimed that other paleontologists had entirely mis-
understood his descriptions. They had not only failed to identify, but
out of fossils he had described they had made new genera as well as
species. In the twentieth report on the New York State Museum of
Natural History several pages are devoted to such controversy.

These are representative men — acknowledged authorities in all that
pertains to the science of paleontology. Was there ever a more uniform
testimony than that which is thus borne to the difficulty of determining
species?

Will not errors increase in proportion to our lack of these oppor-
tunities? With limited means, limited time, limited education, limited
experience, limited libraries, and limited cabinets of fossils, will not
our work show the effect of such limitation? Errors will and must
abound. Is this work of identifying two hundred and forty-six species
from our few quarries a perfect work? Is this pamphlet an excep-
tion to all other writings on paleontology?

I put in compact shape the points on which I have touched:

It is improbable that such a number of species should be found in
the Corniferous limestone of our vicinity, for these reasons:

First. Because of the character of the rock.

Second. Because of our very limited exposures.

Third. Because their occurrence in such numbers is against the ex-
perience of every other worker in our rocks.

Fourth. Because, in comparison, Cook’s quarry and vicinity are
made to furnish one and a half times as many species of fossils, and
twice as many of a certain species of coral, as have been discovered by
the two geological surveys of the State of Michigan.

* Geological Report of Illinois, Vol. IIL, p. 434.
+ Geological Report on the Grand Traverse Region, p. 54.

BARRIS—A DEFENSE OF OUR LOCAL GEOLOGY. 21

Fifth. Because the testimony of the most distinguished paleontol-
ogists of our day is that the difficulty of determining species is so great
that errors in identification abound under the most favorable circum-
stances.

This improbability accumulates with each consideration, till we do
not hesitate to say that, in our limited exposures of the Corniferous,
two hundred and forty-six species never have been, and never will be.
realized. In the list occurs the names of fossils that are not found
within five hundred miles from Davenport.

I have thus spoken of the paleontology as set forth in this pamphlet.
I pass to a consideration of its geology.

This pamphlet is as significant in what it leaves out as in what it puts
in. On page 19 we read: “No fossils have been published as having
been collected in the Corniferous or Upper Helderberg, in either of
these counties, in the Iowa or Illinois geological reports.” The infer-
ence is plain that, since the publication of those reports, no investiga-
tions have been carried on in the geology of our locality, except those
proclaimed in this pamphlet.

Some years since the Academy published papers on our local
geology, accompanied with illustrations and descriptions of new fossils.
We place side by side some of the statements made in those papers
and in this pamphlet —the likeness is suggestive :

Those papers first gave to the quarries below the city the name “Cor-
niferous.” This pamphlet says, “Corniferous.”

Those papers first divided the rock into two parts — the fossiliferous
and the non-fossiliferous. This pamphlet accepts such division.

Those papers first defined the extent of the fossiliferous portion.
This pamphlet recognizes the same boundaries.

Those papers stated that the Cathedral was built of the non-fossilifer-
ous rock found above the city, and Trinity Church of the fossiliferous
rock found below the city. This pamphlet says, “Churches and dwell-
ings are built of this stone.”

Those papers characterized the rock as most durable. This pam-
phlet says, “It shows no signs of disintegration after thirty years ex-
posure.”

Those papers first noted the frequent recurrence of large, cavernous
openings of greater or less extent. This pamphlet speaks of “numer-
ous large pot-holes excavated in the Corniferous limestone.”

Those papers stated that these cavities were filled with sand and
shale from the coal-measures. ‘This paper says “filled with arenaceous
shales cf the coal-measures.”

22 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

One can scarcely tell which is which. He is reminded of the Siam-
ese twins, Chang and Eng, with only this difference, that the papers of
the Academy were born several years in advance of this pamphlet.
Indebted, as it is, to the Proceedings of the Academy for the facts pre-
sented, the conclusions reached, and adopting, to a great extent, its
very language, would not the commonest courtesy suggest an acknowl-
edgment of such indebtedness? Why no recognition of those papers?
Simply because to ignore the work done by the Academy would give
a certain notoriety to the pamphlet that would attract attention as
the only work done in our local geology since the publication of the
last geological surveys, to which the author of this pamphlet is plainly
indebted for much of what value it possesses, but which he chooses to
utterly ignore, instead of acknowledging his indebtedness thereto, as
simple justice demands.

It is folly thus to attempt to ignore the work done by the Academy.
In this, as well as all other departments of scientific research, it has
sought the truth for the truth’s sake. It has done good work in various
branches of scientific inquiry. It has made stable additions to the sum
total of exact science. It has gathered rich treasures of material and
intellectual wealth, and it proposes to care for and defend them. It
cannot afford to let this pamphlet go out as by a member of the Acad-
emy, without a protest against its scientific inaccuracy and its mislead-
ing inferences.

WATKINS —VOLCANOES OF THE SANDWICH ISLANDS. 23

VOLCANOES OF THE SANDWICH ISLANDS.

BY CoS. WATKINS:

Read before the Academy, May 28th, 1886.

THE newspapers announce that the lake of lava at the volcano of
Kilauea, Island of Hawaii, Sandwich Island group, has recently disap-
peared, leaving only a bottomless pit, where formerly, even in its quiet
times, a pool of liquid, molten, almost boiling lava, about seven hun-
dred yards in width, has been.

As I visited those regions in 1854, and noted some facts that seem
to bear upon this subject, and that I have never seen stated or referred
to by other visitors, it has occurred to me that, just now, a report of my
observations may not be out of place.

Preliminary.—TVhe entire Sandwich Island group is very evidently
of volcanic origin, and of regular succession in order of creation. From
the extreme north-western end of the group to and including Hawaii
—the last of the cluster—a distance, in an almost straight line, of
about four hundred miles, in a nearly south-easterly direction, each suc-
cessive island is larger, the intervening distance between the centres is
greater, and the volcanic remains evidently of more recent origin than
at its immediate predecessor. In this rough statement the three or
four smaller islands near Maui are regarded as merely detached por-
tions of the main island.

The group begins at the north-western end with a nameless, uninhab-
ited, and almost submerged, nearly level island, the composition of
which is evidently the usual lava and cinder scoria resulting from
volcanic fires. In size the visible portion of this is scarcely a mile
in diameter. About ten miles south-east from this point is Nihau,
twelve miles in diameter, hilly, with lava rocks, but no traceable
volcanic cones or mounds. ‘Twenty miles south-east, or nearly so,
is Kaui, the first inhabited island. Kaui is twenty miles long, ten
miles wide, and the hills and rocks testify very plainly to their volcanic
origin. Thirty-five miles from Kaui, in the same continuous line, is
Oahu, twenty-five miles in diameter, and with unmistakable evidences
of much more recent creation. Honolulu, the capital city of the Ha-
waian kingdom, is on this island. Within a radius of five miles from
the city are at least seven volcanic mounts, one or two hundred feet
high, and with clearly defined craters in good preservation. Next, at
a distance of about fifty miles, is the island of Maui, on which is the

24 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

town of Lahaina, a seaport of considerable local commerce. Maui is
twenty miles in width and fifty miles in length, and, strictly described,
is really a union of two separate islands of nearly equal size with three
or four smaller islands —evidently offshoots—within a few miles. Here
the majestic, volcanic cone, Haleakala, ten thousand feet in height
and as clear-cut as if but lately made, is the leading feature. Although
a dozen or more of sub-volcanoes have had outbursts on its sides and
at its base, yet the symmetry of the original cone is unimpaired. Up
to, and including, this island, there are no active volcanoes; and even
the traditions of the natives have no allusion to such disturbances. In
fact, it is decidedly questionable if human life could have existed on any
of the islands thus far spoken of until so long after all volcanic action
had ceased thereon that the lava had become sufficiently decomposed
by the influences of “climate and time” to have formed a soil sufficient
for a permanent growth of vegetation.

Nearly one hundred miles from Maui, still south-east, is Hawaii,
the largest and, thus far, the final island of the group. Hawaii is
seventy-five to one hundred miles in diameter, very rocky and hilly,
and, until a few months, had the volcanic influences still active and
visible. On Hawaii are the old, extinct volcanoes, Hualalai, fourteen
thousand feet in height; Mauna Kea, sixteen thousand feet; and
Mauna Loa, seventeen thousand feet from the sea level to its summit.
These three are evidently of successive formation, and each is clearly
defined as if created in the present century. It may convey an idea of
the magnitude of one of these to state that the crater of Mauna Loa is
seven miles in diameter and one and a half miles in depth— large
enough to receive and conceal our Mt. Washington, if inverted, into
its cavity. No eruptions at either of these summits have occurred in
at least the past hundred years. The volcano of Kilauea, from which
all modern outbreaks have proceeded, is really a side issue of Mauna
Loa; and its crater, about one mile in diameter, is at an elevation of
nearly five thousand feet above the sea level. The lake of liquid lava
of which we read was about two thousand feet in diameter, and it was
from this source that all the eruptions of late years have proceeded.

And now, having given a rough-drawn and non-scientific outline de-
scription of these islands, I come to the feature which induced this
writing. Several years previous to my visit in 1854, captains of vessels
had, on repeated occasions, reported having passed through waters in
violent agitation, in calm weather, and had suggested that this agitation
was caused by a sub-marine volcanic eruption, active at the bottom of
the sea; and each of these reports located the disturbance as being

WATKINS—VOLCANOES OF THE SANDWICH ISLANDS. 25

about five hundred miles south-east from Hawaii. It was also noticed
that, at about the dates thus mentioned, “tidal waves” of enormous
size and power washed both shores of the Pacific almost simulta-
neously, thus manifestly originating at a common central point, which,
as near as could be estimated, was not far from the region of the
above-reported sub-marine volcano.

The specific point to which, it seems to me, intelligent attention
might appropriately be directed, is as to whether the indications and
disturbances thus known during at least forty years, taken in consid-
eration with the recent disappearance of the lava lake at Kilauea, and
with the herein described formation system of the existing islands,
justify the suspicion that the Sandwich Island group may, at no distant
day, have an addition to its number. If so, it may then be of scientific
interest to have an accurate investigation of the points I have herein
called attention to, as to the comparative and successive increase in size
and distance of each island. However, at this time I am only “placing
on file” this rough exhibit. Many years may pass before the subterra-
nean machinery will make another chapter of this history possible.

And now, in conclusion, while on this subject, I may state another
puzzling feature, though of a philosophical and speculative, rather than
of a scientific, character. I must, as a prelude, say that I was on the
Islands on a roving tour, about three months, and acquired quite a
mastery of the simple language of the islanders (eighteen letters com-
pose their entire working alphabet), and thus got much information di-
rect from the natives. One story I found so unvaryingly told in all the
Islands that there can be no doubt as to its antiquity. It was this:
“The volcanic outbursts at Kilauea are caused by the ebullitions of
“wrath of the goddess Pele — the long, fine, grasslike substances thrown
“out at such times are ‘ Pele’s hairs,’ torn by the angry goddess from the
“heads of those of her subterranean subjects that she at such times gets
“her hands on. ‘This goddess Pele was once a queen in Heaven, but,
“having got into a row with the head of the family, was, after a series of
“revolutionary conflicts, conquered and ignominiously banished to the
“lower regions, etc., etc.” Captain Cook found this tradition prevailing
at the time of his discovery of the Islands, and it is still firmly believed.
It really seems that John Milton’s patent on the central idea of Para-
dise Lost could be successfully contested by the king of the Sandwich
Islands as heir to the belongings of his Kanaka ancestors.

I have only to add that, writing from memory of the rambling obser-
vations made thirty-two years ago, I cannot aver that the directions
and dimensions herein given are closely accurate. The outline feat-
ures, however, as I have stated them, are unquestionably, in a general
way, correct.

fProc, DA, N:'8., Vou. V.] 4 (July 27, 1886.]

26 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

HARFORDIA, Greene & Parry.

A New Genus of Eriogonez, from Lower California.
4

BY C. 7G sPARIRY.

Read before the Academy, Fuly oth, 1856.

Waite the remarkable Eriogonous genus Prerostegia, Fisch. & Meyer,
has been long known among botanists in a very common California
species, P. drymarioides, ¥. & M., a second species from Lower Cali-
fornia, collected in one of the early voyages of discovery on the Pacific
coast, and described in “Botany of the Sulphur” as Prerostegia macro-
ptera, Benth., has been long a destderatum in scientific herbaria. Only
as late as 1882 additional material was procured by Mr. L. Belding
from near the original locality, and fragmentary specimens of the same
were contributed to the Gray Herbarium, at Cambridge, Massachusetts. .
The year following a single fruiting branch was presented to the writer
by Gen. William Le Duc, who, attracted by the showy involucre, put
a fragment in his pocket-book while on a mining excursion down the
Lower California coast in the spring of 1883. In the spring of 1885,
Prof. E. I.. Greene, of the California Academy of Science, in his inter-
esting botanical trip down the Pacific coast as far as Guadaloupe and
Cedros Islands, secured ample specimens of what, on subsequent exam-
ination, he regarded as two distinct species, which were described by him
in Bulletin of the California Academy, IV., pp. 212, 213, as Prerostegia
galioides and P. fruticosa— not being aware at the time that the former
was identical with P. macroptera, Benth., which, according to the pub--
lished descriptions, represented only a low herbaceous plant. Unfor-
tunately, owing to the lateness of the season, Mr. Greene’s specimens
did not contain the characteristic flowers, his description of the floral
organs being derived only from the fallen fruit. Previously, however,
Mr. Greene, as Botanical Curator of the California Academy, had found
in Dr. Veatch’s collection of 1859, from Cedros Island, a single frag-
ment of one of the above species, so characteristic, as he afterwards
noticed, of the peculiar vegetation of that island. Before, however,
reaching the conclusion, from the data then in his possession, of includ-
ing these remarkable plants in the genus Prerostegia —so different in
habit and general character from the typical species — Mr. Greene inti-
mated a probability that more complete material, including the floral
organs, might justify the establishment of a new genus, for which he

PARRY — HARFORDIA. 27

suggested the name HARFoRDIA, in compliment to the long-time effi-
cient Curator of the California Academy of Science, and for many
years previously a zealous collector of Pacific coast botany — Mr. G.
W. H. Harford. Now, at last, as one of the fruits of the present sea-
son’s (1886) collections, I have just received from my zealous corre-
spondent, C. R. Orcutt, of San Diego, lately returned from an exten-
sive and arduous land trip into the arid districts of Lower California,
complete flowering specimens of one of the species above referred to,
being identical with the Prerostegia macroptera, Benth.; P. galioides,
Greene. From the specimens thus obtained, a careful examination re-
veals such remarkable. and unexpected floral characters, that, fully con-
firming the surmises of Mr. Greene, will require the establishment of a
new genus, which, in cordially carrying out his suggestions, I venture
herewith to characterize, viz. :

HarForpiA, Greene & Parry.

Dicecious! rarely moncecious; pistillate flowers single, involucrate ;
involucre monophyllous, the folded edges forming a winged central
crest, laterally bilobed and gibbously bisaccate. accrescent in fruit,
hyaline and reticulated with deep red veins; staminate flowers without
involucre! in axillary clusters on an irregular axis, more or less pro-
longed; pedicels jointed at the summit. hispid below; perianth 6-parted,
stamens 6-9, in two rows, anthers oval; pistillate flowers persistent,
much shorter than the developed akene, 6-parted, with 9 staminodes
in two rows at the base; styles short, recurved, stigmas capitate; akene
smooth, oblong, acute narrowly winged; embryo axile, excentric, rad-
icle as long as the oval cotyledons. Suffruticose or shrubby perennials,
with jointed stems, opposite connate leaves, dichotomously branched,
with irregular fasciculate leaves, and flowers in the upper axils. Differs
from Prerostegia in its perennial habit, its axile excentric embryo, and
from all known “riogonee in its dicecious flowers. Confined in its
geographic range to the arid districts of Lower California, and adjacent
islands.— Prerostegia, Benth. & Hook., Gen., Pl. III., p. 94, in part.

Two species, viz. :

1. H. MACROPTERA.— Prerostegia macroptera, Benth., |. c.—P. gali-
oudtes, Greene, 1. c.

Suffruticose, diffusely branched from a thick ligneous axis, hoary with
appressed pubescence, branches slender, jointed, with swollen nodes
at the junction of the opposite connate sessile leaves; leaves entire

28 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

thickish, narrowly spathulate, one-fourth to one-half inch in length;
involucre broadly bilobed, and conspicuously inflated on each side,
hyaline with deep red reticulations; staminate flowers axillary, on a
more or less prolonged axis, without bracts, except an irregular ciliate
tuft at the base of the pedicels; perianth short-campanulate, deeply
6-cleft, segments nearly equal; stamens g, in two rows, at the base,
with occasional traces of undeveloped ovaries; pistillate flowers shorter,
persistent, and adhering to the developed akenes, 6-parted, with two
rows of pedicellate staminodes at the base; akene and embryo as
above noted.

fabitat.— Lower California, from San Quentin to Magdalena Bay,
flowering early in the season; staminate plants more diffuse, with
shorter joints and less prolonged branches. Mr. Orcuti’s specimens,
No. 1374, April 17th, 1886, from San Telmo, show all the peculiar char-
acters of this species.

2. H. rruticosa, Greene, ined.— Prerostegia fruticosa, Greene, |. c.
(Copied from Mr. Greene's original description, Bull, Cal. Acad., IV.,
pp. 212; 213.)

“Shrubby, diffusely branched, firmly erect, 2—4 feet high, densely
leafy; branchlets short-jointed, tomentulose at the joints; leaves gla-
brate, fleshy, obovate-spathulate, entire obtuse or retuse, 2—5 lines
long; involucre firm-hyaline, reddish, with darker reticulate veins, 5-7
lines long, deeply cleft into two entire reniform lobes; wings reniform,
entire unequal; akene ovate, lanceolate two lines long, sharply tn-
quetrous; perianth a half line long, persistent.”

Hfabitat.— Cedros Island: Dr. Veatch, 1859; E. L. Greene, May,
1885. Not feeling at liberty to modify Mr. Greene’s original specific
description in referring it to his proposed new genus, it is only neces-
sary to add that, in the absence of staminate flowers,.it can only be
provisionally attached to this genus by its close similarity to the pre-
ceding species till confirmed by complete specimens.

CHAPMAN—AN ANCIENT MINE IN ARKANSAS. 29

AN ANCIENT MINE IN ARKANSAS.
BY WM. A. CHAPMAN.

Read before the Academy, May 28th, 1886.

In the spring of 1884, while engaged in prospecting for minerals over
the southern portions of Polk County, Arkansas, my attention was
directed to an excavation, supposed by those who now reside in that
locality to have been the work of Spanish miners, who, local traditions
state, were once actively engaged in the exploration of this State for
gold and other precious metals. My curiosity regarding this so-called
Spanish mine being aroused, I decided upon a visit to it, in order to
determine, if possible, who the miners were and what had been the ob-
ject of their labor. After going about two miles north-west of Hatton
nost-office, I came to a spur-like appendage of the mountain, which,
jatung out from the main range, formed one side of a narrow, gorge-like
valley, through which, in times past, a stream of considerable size had
wound its way. Through the erosion of water, a part of this hill had
been removed, in such manner as to give to one facing the opening the
impression that the dip of the exposed strata was in two directions. It
was evident that this face of the hill had once been an overhanging
cliff, with all the members of the series of rocks entering into its struct-
ure fully exposed; but the falling of the overhanging mass and the ac-
cumulation of rubbish from the mine have in a measure restored the
base, and now conceal the greater part of the strata from view. The
strata open to inspection — some twenty feet — are metamorphic sand-
stones, ranging in hardness from a soft, friable, amorphous sandstone
to that of a quartzose rock of crystalline structure, suitable for mill-
stones. These form the mass of the exposed strata. Above them are
others which have distinct cleavage lines at right angles to each other,
and which, under atmospheric influences, display a tendency to part
along the cleavage lines. Interstratified with these are irregular masses
of hornblende and a white, close-textured rock resembling novaculite.
The thickness of the strata varies from two to twenty-six inches. The
strike of the series is 10 degrees north of east; the dip, northward at
an angle of 45 degrees.

The mining operations had been confined to the removal of a single
stratum — the lowest of those open to inspection — portions of which

30 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

had been left at short intervals as supports to the rock above. The
opening to the mine began at a point about twenty feet below the
summit of the hill, and extended from thence diagonally downward for
a distance of forty feet. A superficial examination convinced me that
iron tools had not been employed in the removal of the rock, and hence
it seemed exceedingly improbable that the opening before me was the
result of European labor. Believing the discovery to be of some im-
portance from an archeological point of view, I proceeded to make a
thorough examination of the excavation, a task rendered comparatively
easy, as the greater part of the debris had been removed a short time
prior to my visit by a person who was in search of silver ores.* Pro-
vided with a candle and a slender pole, I descended into the opening,
which is about two feet in width, and found that for a depth of eight
feet no effort had been made to enlarge the opening by the removal of
either of the adjacent strata, both of which are exceedingly hard and
quartz-like in structure. The miners, at this point, had ceased to drift
upward along the strata, and had commenced the sinking of a narrow
shaft. After removing the rubbish from this shaft, its depth was found
to be less than five feet. Evidently, the intention of the miners, in
sinking this shallow shaft, had been the formation of a face or breast in
the rock, to serve as a starting-point from which they might tunnel in
an opposite direction to that pursued in the drift above, for, opening
out from the bottom of this shaft, was a low passage leading down and
under the mountain. After carefully exploring as much of this passage
as was within reach of my pole, I proceeded to enter, but, in order to
do so, was obliged to go upon all fours. Crawling in this manner for
some four or five feet, the passage was found to increase in height to
such an extent that an upright position would have been possible, had
it not been for the incline of the strata and the narrowness of the pass-
age. The descent here was at a sharp incline, and had been accom-
plished by means of shelf-like offsets cut into the rock. ‘Traces of fire
were plainly visible in and upon the rock at the entrance to the tunnel,
and the smoke-blackened walls were so seamed and checked by cracks
and crevices as to demonstrate the alternate use, by the miners, of both
fire and water in their efforts at breaking down the rock. A further
search revealed the mineral destderata of the miners. ‘The soft, friable
sandstone, to the removal of which the miners had confined their efforts,

*The alterations effected by that individual, in the appearance of the mine, were of no im-
portance, inasmuch as they were confined to the surface and related entirely to the removal and
replacement of a part of the stone supports by others of wood.

CHAPMAN—-AN ANCIENT MINE IN ARKANSAS. 31

proved to be the vein-stone. In it were pockets or cavities filled with
a black and a red mineral substance, both pulverulent in form. De-
scending a few steps farther, my progress was arrested by a large rattle-
snake, which I left unmolested in full possession of the lower depths of
the mine and the treasures it might contain, and hastily made my way
upwards. The black mineral substance proved, upon subjecting it to
a qualitative test, to be sesquioxide of iron, with traces of manganese.
That these minerals, in the form here found, were those sought for by
the miners is evident, as in the near vicinity of the mine are large quan-
tities, exposed, of hematite, limonite, pyrolusite, and psilomelane, which
could have been secured at a far Jess expenditure of labor. ‘That these
minerals were of great importance in the domestic economy of the
mining people is none the less evident in view of the excessive labor
and hardships undergone in its acquisition.

The peculiar method of mining, together with the absence of those
markings which would inevitably have followed the use of iron tools,
demonstrate that the work was not that of civilized man. Neither will
those who are conversant with the characteristics of Indian peoples
(applying the term in its generally accepted sense) admit that the ex-
cavation was the result of their labor. That the labor was that of some
aboriginal people is most evident, and that they were of those whom
we know of as Mound-builders is exceedingly probable, inasmuch as
there are, within a few miles of the mine, abundant traces of the
presence of that people in times past. To these evidences, which
seem to designate the Mound-builders as the miners, has been added
the following data, obtained while exploring a mound some eight miles
distant from the mine. ‘This mound was apparently of very recent
origin. (Sketches of it, with such data as I succeeded in collecting,
and some of the relics found in it and in the mine, were forwarded by
me to the Smithsonian Institution.) In construction it differed mate-
rially from all I had heretofore seen. In it, among other relics, were
fragments of pottery of a purple-black color. A portion of this color-
ing matter, when subjected to a qualitative examination, gave results
precisely the same as those derived through the analysis of the mineral
procured from the mine. The only difference in the two substances I
was able to detect, through means then at my command, was the pres-
ence of carbonate of calcium, magnesia, and alumina in the coloring
matter of the pottery. The presence of these substances, however, is
easily accounted for, as, in the endeavor to procure a sufficient quan-
tity of the coloring matter of the pottery for analysis, portions of the

32 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

pottery itself were unavoidably included. ‘Those three substances, with
silica, are the ingredients of the material used in the manufacture of
the pottery —the first two (carbonate of lime and magnesia) in the
form of pulverized shells. From the foregoing it would seem that the
mineral procured from the mine had been utilized (in part, at least) as
a pigment.

Future explorations in the ancient mines and in the numerous
mounds of this State will, no doubt, give much additional light upon
this and other matters relating thereto; and from the success which
has attended the efforts of those engaged in such explorations here, it
is by no means improbable that when these extensive and, as yet,
almost unexplored fields of research are entered by those whose means
will permit them to diligently and systematically prosecute this branch
of scientific research, Arkansas will, in their hands, prove fruitful in
the yielding of invaluable and, perhaps, unexpected results having an
important bearing upon the elucidation of the history of the Mound-
builders.

PILSBRY — DESCRIPTION OF A NEW HYDROBIA, ETC. 3

WwW

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW HYDROBIA, WITH
NOTES ON OTHER RISSOID-.

BY HARRY A. PILSBRY.
Read before the Academy, Fuly 30th, 1886.

Hydrobia texana, sp. nov.
(Plate III., Figs. 1-6.)

SHELL small, conically elevated, rather acute, thin; whorls five to
six, convex, lightly striate transversely, with numerous coarse, irreg-
ular, revolving striz, becoming less distinct on body-whorl; sutures
well impressed; aperture ovate, somewhat angled, posteriorly rounded
before; peritreme simple, acute, not sinuous, adherent to body-whorl,
sub-reflexed at the narrow but well-defined umbilicus. Epidermis
dull greenish-brown or gray; operculum ovate, sub-spiral, corneous,
closely fitting the aperture, with coarse wrinkles radiating from inner
margins of whorls; polar point close to columella. The measure-
ments of three specimens are as follows:

a. Wengih 4.50" -s hreadth,, 23503,
b. Us Geo HP « 990,

“

G 4 oo'mm . 2 oomm
. . ; . .

Flabitat.— Guadalupe River and its tributary, Comal Creek, Comal
County, Texas.

The spiral strize are irregularly developed, the upper ones being
most constant. On some specimens there is a more prominent,
slightly nodose, revolving line above the periphery. Specimens may
be seen in the collections of the Davenport Academy of Natural
Sciences, the Philadelphia Academy of Sciences, and of the writer.
The revolving sculpture at once distinguishes this species from the
Flydrobia seemani of Frauenfeld,* which it resembles somewhat in
outline. A comparison with Frauenfeld’s figure shows the Texan
shells to be of slightly stouter form. It is quite distinct from other
described American species. The specimens were found on the
under side of stones in rapidly flowing water. Its associates in Comal
Creek are Goniobasis pleuristriatus Say, G. comatlensis, sp. nov., and
an undetermined Ammicola.

* Described from Durango, North-west Mexico. Vide Verh. K. K. Zool.-bot. Ges., Wien,
p. 1025, 1863, also p. 505, 1865 (figured).

[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 5 [July 12, 1887. |

34 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

This species is placed in Hydrobia because I do not know what
other disposition to make of it. It is, perhaps, congeneric with such
species as Ammnicola floridana ¥rauenfeld,* which has a more acute
apex than Bythinella, and is slenderer than Amnicola.

Note on Pyrgulopsis spinosus Call & Pilsbry.

I find that this species has no affinity with the other shells in-
cluded under Pyrgulopsis. Its position seems to be in Potamopyrgus
or in an as yet undefined genus. Pyrgulopsis C. & P. is, perhaps, in
characters of shell, not separable from Lyrodes of Doering, the
description of which I had not seen at the time Pyrgulopsis was pro-
posed. A thorough examination of the anatomy of these snails, and
comparisons with that of Py gua s. s., must be made before the true
value of all these groups can be determined. ‘To facilitate compari-
sons by those who do not have access to the publications containing
Mr. Doering’s papers on mollusca, I copy here his diagnosis of
Lyrodes -+

Testa subperforata elongata, ovato-conica, tenuis, hyalina, carinata, seepius acu-
leata, vel spiraliter lineata.

Animal pede oblongo, antice sublyrae-formi, lobis duo in corpore retractilibus;
postice lanceolato; tentaculis subconicis, baculiformibus; rostro brevi.

The type is Z. guaranitica Doer. The old species Paludestrina
andecola VY Orb., included by Stimpson in Pyrgula, and Paludina cor-
onata Pfr., are placed by Doering in the group. The animal resem-
bles Pyrgula bicarinata as described by Moquin-Tandon in external
characters, the foot being bluntly bilobed before — not distinctly au-
riculated, as in Bythinella, Amnicola, and other genera.

* Hydrobia wetherbytis probably a Gillia.

{ Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias en Cordoba, Tomo VII., 1885, p. 461; L.gwar-
anitica figured on p. 463.

«

PARRY — LASTARRIABA. 35

LASTARRIAA, Remy.
Confirmation of the Genus, with Character Extended.
Bie (Co CaPAIR Ve
ftead before the Academy, October 2gth, 1886.

As LONG as the Eriogonous genus Lastarri@a, Remy., of the Pacific
coast of North and South America remained monotypic, and exhibited
several apparently anomalous and puzzling characters, it seemed nat-
ural, and perhaps excusable, to endeavor to reduce it to systematic
arrangement, even by a somewhat forced and obscure construction.
Accordingly, the writer, in a recently published memoir on Chorizanthe
(Proc. Dav. Acad. Nat. Sci., Vol. IV., pp. 45-63), on a careful exam-
ination of all the material then at his command, adopted, and has since
maintained, the view that the floral organ representing the perianth of
previous authors, presenting some of the external characters of a Chori-
zanthoid involucre, was actually such, and that the perianth proper was
in this case reduced to an obscure lobed ring, adnate to the involucre,
on which the stamens were inserted —thus merging the genus into
Chorizanthe, as C. Lastarrica.

On receiving, lately, from my esteemed correspondent, Prof. Fred-
rico Philippi, of Santiago, Chili, S. A., a nearly complete set of Chilian
Chorizanthes — including, with the original, two new species of Lastar-
a reconsideration of the whole subject was naturally brought
up, leading to the following important results:

rea

While the two new species indicated by Professor Philippi conform
closely to the published generic character, they do not sustain the
views adopted in the paper above referred to; at the same time the
specific differences bring more clearly to light other characters, hereto-
fore obscure, which removes at once the most anomalous features of
the genus as before understood, exhibiting a clearly defined involucre,
enclosing the proper perianth! Thus the five subtending cauline bracts,
which in the well known species Z. Chilensis seem united in a single
whorl, in the new species, Z. s¢ricfa, Philippi, show a clearly defined
double series, including two outer, subtending each dichotomous branch,
and comprising the ordinary cauline bracts; three inner, more closely
united at base, enclosing a perianth, and therefore representing a
proper involucre, not unlike that of Chorizanthe, polygonoides. In fol-
lowing this clue, it is not difficult to see even in the closely blended

36 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

bracts of Z. Chilensis also a double series, only obscured by the close
similarity of the separate segments.

It thus appears that the suggestion of Professor Gray, contained in a
notice of Xantus’ plants, as early as 1860, stating that “the verticillate
upper leaves of Zastarri@a answer to the involucre, which however
encloses a proliferous shoot as well as a flower,” contains at least half
the truth; also the lately published remark of Mrs. Curran (Bull. Cal.
Acad., No. V., p. 2,) that “the enclosing bracts of Zastarri@a have as
much right to the rank of an involucre as those of Oxytheca, luteola,”
may, with the explanation now given, be accepted as nearer the truth
than the previous theory of the present writer. With the facts thus
brought to light by the interesting discoveries of Professor Philippi, the
genus Lastarriea, Remy., may be more clearly defined as follows, viz. :

LASTARRLEA, Remy.—Chorizanthe Lastarricea, Parry, |. c.

Involucre triphyllous, united at base, segments unequal, more or less
thickened and cuspidate-uncinate, closely sessile in the axil of oppo-
site cauline bracts subtending the dichotomous branches and terminal
shoots; perianth triangular, coriaceous, 5-6 parted, segments uncinate
(resembling the involucre of Chorizanthe) ; stamens 3, inserted on the
throat, filaments short, anthers oval; styles short, recurved; akene tri-
angular, embryo straight, with linear cotyledons, and short radicle.

Slender jointed annuals of the Pacific coast of North and South
America; differing from Chorizanthe only in its 3-bracteate involucre,
and its coriaceous, uncinately awned perianth; nearest to Sect. Acan-
thogonum, but differs in its straight embryo.

Three ?. species:

1. L. CuHILensis, Remy.—Chorizanthe Lastarriwa, Parry, |. c.

Involucral whorls closely adherent, and similar to the external cau-
line bracts; perianth sharply triangular, coriaceous, segments unequal,
with prolonged uncinate awns.

Ffabitat.— Pacific coast of North and South America.

2. L. stricta, Philippi, ined.

Involucral whorls distinct from the outer cauline bracts, segments
broadly oval, retuse, thick-fleshy corrugated, with a prominent keel
terminating in a short recurved cusp; perianth membranaceous, seg-
ments nearly equal, spathulate, and shortly uncinate.

Hfabitat.— Coquimbo, Chili, S$. A. Professor Philippi, 1885.

3?. L. LINEARIS, Philippi, ined.

Smaller, with more linear bracts; hardly distinct from the last.

fTabitat.— Coquimbo, Chili. Professor Philippi, 1885.

MOUND EXPLORATIONS AT TOOLESBORO, IOWA. 37

MOUND EXPLORATIONS AT TOOLESBORO,
LOUISA COUNTY, IOWA.

Read before the Academy, August 2d, 1886.

Tue village of Toolesboro, locally noted for its prehistoric mounds,
is situated on a commanding bluff, about two and a half miles above
the mouth of the Iowa River, which empties into the Mississippi fifty-
two miles below Davenport.

A party from this Academy had opened some mounds here in 1875,
obtaining from them a number of interesting relics (see Proc. Dav.
Acad: Nats Sci, ‘Vol. Wi, p. 1060); but, as several of the group re-
mained unexplored, we decided to make another expedition, devoting
a week to the trip and the work. Accordingly, on Saturday, July
24th, we started by skiff, carrying camp equipage, etc., and were on
hand, ready for work, Monday morning.

The bluff at this point rises two hundred and ten feet above the Mis-
sissippi level, and commands a most magnificent view up and down
and across the broad valley common to the two rivers. Extending
along its brow, through the north-western outskirts of the village, is a
row of nine* large mounds, from fifty to three hundred feet apart, some
of which, as stated, had been more or less thoroughly explored — one
of them (No. 6) having been entirely removed by Mr. Pratt and his
party, leaving the earth piled up on either side marking its former
location.

After a careful survey of the group, and having obtained free per-
mission from Mr. G. H. Mosier to open such as were on his land, we
decided to first make a thorough exploration of No. 7, a mound of
symmetrical outline, and one of the largest in the row. Accordingly,
we had our camp outfit hauled up from the river, and pitched our tent
hard by on the site of Mound No. 6.

In outline, but for some erosion at the brow of the bluff on the
north, Mound No. 7 is almost a perfect circle, with a present diameter
of about eighty-five feet, and a height, from summit to floor, of just
ten feet; but, as it has been cultivated over for many years, it was
probably much higher originally than now, with a diameter propor-
tionately less.

*In the report of the former expedition the number is given as twelve, but we could only
make out nine at the time of this visit.

38 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Owing to a long-continued drought, the surface earth was very dry
and hard, requiring a pick to facilitate its removal, and even after
penetrating the crust the digging was by no means easy; but, apply-
ing ourselves to the task, we proceeded to open a trench four feet
wide by eighteen feet long, extending across the apparent center in a
direction approximately north and south. The earth composing the
mound is a stiff clay loam, for the most part homogeneous, but with
some scattered patches of a purer clay, and a thin layer of the same,
of varying thickness, which, about five feet below the surface, appeared
plainly, in section, on the hard perpendicular walls of the trench at its
northern end. Farther down, the earth became somewhat darker, as
of loam with a less admixture of clay, until, at a depth of ten feet, we
came upon a perfectly well-defined tloor, consisting of a layer of light-
yellow, sandy clay, about three inches thick, resting on the original
subsoil of compact pure clay.

Thus far, no bones or other deposits had been found, save a mass of
rotten wood, the crumbling remains of what were, apparently, decayed
oak logs, which, about half way down and just north of the middle of
the trench, extended across and beyond it on either side, slanting down
toward the south, while just beneath them the clay stratum above men-
tioned dipped and disappeared.

The fact that in most of the mounds of this group decayed oak wood
in considerable quantities is found, was mentioned by Mr. Pratt in his
report of the previous expedition.

For convenience in throwing out the earth, about six - feet of the
south end of the trench was at first but partially excavated, leaving a
temporary bench, and we proceeded to run transverse, arched galleries,
at the level of the floor, from the excavated part. These galleries were
from three to four feet wide and about four feet high, their arched
shape, together with the stiffness of their walls, making this method of
procedure comparatively safe. Nine galleries in all were dug, besides
numerous pockets and connecting passages, laying bare about five
hundred square feet of the base. In patches covering much of
the floor, to the south of the apparent center of the mound, was
a thin layer of a whitish ash, above which were several alternating
layers of a darker ash and soft earth, of varying thickness; and just
above these again, as seen plainly in section throughout the galleries
to the east and south, a continuous layer of rotten wood, as of logs
irregularly laid on after the mound had been built up about four feet.
This log covering, where present, dipped quite regularly outward, as it
would naturally do, following the curvature of the mound. Above

MOUND EXPLORATIONS AT TOOLESBORO, IOWA. 39

these lower layers, whether wood intervened or not, the superincum-
bent earth was very compact, there being no appearance whatever of
the mound ever having been disturbed.

Such was the structure of the mound in its southern part; but in the
northern end of the trench and the galleries radiating from it, neither
wood nor ash was found, nor any other evidence of the agency of man
(except, perhaps, the distinct clay layer above mentioned), save a
continuation of the floor, scattered over which, in greater number
here than elsewhere, were occasional small flint chips, raising our hopes
of discovery when the spade would strike against them. Throughout
the work in this mound, no shells or fragments of shell were seen,
excepting the beads hereinafter mentioned, unless, indeed, a layer of
what seemed an especially white ash, in contact with the decayed
wood, above and below, were burned or decomposed shells instead, as
suggested in the description of Mound No. 6 (Proc., Vol. I., p. 107).
If of ash, as they probably were, they must have been placed there
after burning, since the wood shows no trace of the action of fire.
Indeed, save one or two minute bits, no charcoal was anywhere found
in the mound. Not a single shard of pottery was seen, nor even a
stone of any size, and only a very few pebbles, small and rough, scat-
tered through.

Almost immediately on starting the first gallery west, about midway
of the trench and two feet above its floor, we came upon a mass of
human bones, consisting of two femurs, a clavicle, and several bones
of the left arm, forearm, and hand, all in a heap, and with them a small
piece (the only one found) of worked flint. How they came to be
there, placed and dissociated as they were, we could not conjecture.
There was no appearance of the earth having been disturbed above
them, and their state of preservation was much the same as that of the
corresponding parts of the entire skeletons afterward found.

Nothing further was discovered until we had tunneled several feet
back from the trench, where, following the thin layer of ash—here con-
tinuous and quite distinct on the level floor—and just after making a
turn to the south, we struck on a so-called copper “awl,” standing up-
right and firmly embedded in the hard clay base. About two feet be-
yond this we came upon the first of a rich group of relics, viz: four
copper “axes,” so-called; two curved-base pipes — one of calcite, trans-
lucent, with cylindrical bowl, and one of catlinite, finely carved in the
image of a hawk, with eyes of pearl;* a large block of mica in loose

*A similar bird pipe, with pearls for eyes, was taken from Mound No. 6 in this group by
Mr. Pratt’s party, in 1875. (See Proc. Dav. Acad. Nat. Sci., Vol. I., p. 10S.)

40 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

flakes; another awl, and a crushed human skull (the entire skeleton
being afterward found in place), from beneath which one of the axes,
completely wrapped in a crumbling covering of cloth and bark impreg-
nated with copper carbonate, was taken.

Continuing the excavation, another copper axe was found near the
left shoulder of the skeleton, and a large quantity of beads, both of
pearl and shell, dull and fragile, in the region of the neck and chest.

Having removed the remaining earth from the trench, another cross-
gallery was now started just at its southern end, and in the western
branch of this gallery we very soon came upon the body of the skele-
ton to which the skull before found belonged. It was the skeleton of
an adult male, lying extended, face up, with the head to the north-west.

Close by the right side, and with its head on a level with the shoul-
der of the larger skeleton, was that of a child of perhaps ten years, its
lower maxilla showing the rudimentary permanent teeth under some of
the milk teeth which were still in their sockets, while the wisdom teeth
had not been erupted. Just beyond the child’s skeleton was found a
third copper awl, and the floor of the mound here rose quite abruptly
about ten inches, like the side of a basin, while it sloped considerably
under the bodies toward their feet.

As the south abutment at the entrance of the last arch constructed
rested directly upon the thighs and knees of the larger skeleton, these
parts were, of necessity, left for the time undisturbed, and a gallery was
run southward from the end of the trench, where we soon came upon
the feet in place, about which and the legs were more shell beads.
Below the feet from eighteen to thirty-six inches, and about two feet
apart, was a row of three more copper awls, making a total of six of
these pins, five of which were upright when found, piercing the floor,
above which they projected one or two inches. ‘They are from four to
seven inches in length, about one-eighth of an inch through, hammered
square, except at the pointed lower end, and turned abruptly over at
the top, being similar to those shown in Figs. 1 and 5, Pl. VI., Vol. L.,
Proc. Dav. Acad. Nat. Sci. The suggestion made by one of our party,
that they might have been used to pin down a covering of skins or cloth
placed reverently over the bodies of the dead, seems plausible in view
of their relation to the skeletons and the floor.

Beyond the feet of the bodies we dug for some distance into the side
of the last gallery, till there, also, the floor began to rise, as it had at
their right and, less markedly, at some distance above their heads be-
yond the grouped relics, forming, as it were, part of the rim of a dish

MOUND EXPLORATIONS AT TOOLESBORO, IOWA. 41

bounding our work toward the south, on whose inner slope the two
bodies lay.

Deeming it useless to proceed further in this quarter, we abandoned
the southern part of the mound, cutting away the supporting pillars
behind us, thus completing the exposure of almost the entire floor of
this section, and afterward filling in with the loose earth which had ac-
cumulated in the north half of the trench.

The floor at this end being again laid bare, we proceeded as before,
tunneling under for eight or ten feet at its sides and end, finding no
indications, however, of another burial — finding nothing, indeed, but a
continuation of the level floor toward the bluff, which, so far as we fol-
lowed it, showed no rim-like rise to the north corresponding to that on
the opposite side.

As we had devoted most of our available time to this mound, and
there were no indications to encourage further research, we decided to
quit work here, and replaced the earth in and over the trench, leaving
the contour of the mound but little disturbed.

Had the initial trench been extended a few feet further south, and
carried down at once at this end, to the floor, we would have come
directly upon the skeletons and the relics accompanying them; but a
better insight into the structure of the mound and a fuller assurance
that nothing of interest was left undiscovered, well repaid the addi-
tional toil.

In addition to the work done on Mound No. 7, we made a partial
examination of No. 8, situated some two hundred feet further west, and
also of a small mound about half a mile south-east of the village. No.
8 is probably the largest of its group. In the early settlement of the
region it had been utilized as a building site, a large depression to the
south of the center indicating where the cellar had been. Due allow-
ance for the leveling effects of time under the circumstances of its oc-
cupancy, leaves for the mound a diameter of one hundred and forty
feet and an altitude of eleven.

To the south of the center, partially in the cellar depression, and ex-
tending in’a north-easterly direction, we opened a trench three and a
half feet wide and sixteen feet long. In the trench, at a depth of about
nine feet, we came upon the floor, which was simply a layer of yellow
clay about a half inch in thickness, resting on black loam, doubtless
the original surface soil. Immediately above the clay, also, was the
same black loam, the interior of the mound being here moist and sod-
den by reason of the depressed excavation. In the trench, resting on
the floor and covered by loam, we found parts of four skeletons, much

[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 6 [August 25, 1887. ]

42 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

decomposed; but associated with them were no relics of any de-
scription. This absence of all deposits other than bones, together with
the slight pains which had evidently been taken with the floor, gave the
impression that, although the largest in the group, this mound had
served for the more ordinary burials, or that perhaps the part we were
at work in was simply an addition to an older mound.

With this thought we ran a tunnel eighteen feet long from the north-
eastern extremity of the trench in a westerly direction toward the
highest part of the mound. Here, the layer of clay having disappeared,
we started a tunnel due south, being encouraged to hope for greater
developments in this direction by reason of a thickening of the floor.
In about three feet, however, it again disappeared, and we gave up the
work, regretting the want of time which prevented us from exploring
other parts of this mound, for we felt that so large a structure might
well contain further deposits.

In addition to these two mounds of the principal group, a short time
was devoted to exploring one of a group on the other side of the vil-
lage, back from the brow of the bluff, which had been partially ex-
cavated by Mr. Daniel Hindman, a young man residing in the place,
some six years before. Work at that time had been suspended because
of the interfering roots of a tree which he had not permission to remove,
but not before a pipe and part of a skeleton had been found. This
mound is about thirty feet in diameter and three feet high. We merely
enlarged the old excavation, and in so doing came upon the greater
part of a skeleton, and on the same level (we could trace no definite
floor), about a foot to the right of the skeleton, we found two earthen
vessels, one near the head and the other opposite the middle of the
body. Both were turned on their sides and badly crushed, the one
near the head being filled with ashes and earth. At a point about a
foot above the head, the pick crushed through a large piece of mica,
and a chunk of obsidian weighing two pounds was found on a level:
with the skeleton at, approximately, the center of the mound.

On the morning of Friday, the 3oth, it being impossible to remain
longer, we struck our tent, reloaded our skiff, and rowed across the
Mississippi to New Boston, where, in a few hours, we were fortunate
enough to obtain passage for ourselves and boat on the “Pittsburg,”

upward bound.
Baliye: C. E. HARRISON.

HB Ce Bueron: C. H. PRESTON.

ADDITIONAL EXPLORATIONS AT TOOLESBORO, IOWA. 43

ADDITIONAL EXPLORATIONS AT TOOLESBORO.
Read before the Academy, November 27th, 1886.

Havine, by the courtesy of Mrs. E. H. Mallory, of Toolesboro,
Louisa County, received permission to explore one of the remaining
undisturbed mounds of the group, and which is situated on her land,
the undersigned visited that place on the 18th of October for that pur-
pose. We found the mound—No. 5 of that group —situated in a
garden where the ground has been cultivated for many years, until the
height of the mound has been reduced to an extent which cannot now
be determined. Judging from the others of the same group which
have not been so changed in proportions, it must probably have been
from eight to ten feet high.

Securing some laborers to assist in the work, we began by opening
a trench, about five by eighteen feet, near the south side of the mound,
and running east and west. The soil of which it was composed was a
mixed earth such as is usually met with, very hard, and containing here
and there minute bits of charcoal. At the depth of four feet four
inches, we came upon an evenly spread layer of quite clean yellow
clay, from half an inch to an inch in thickness. This was evidently an
artificial deposit placed upon the surface after removing the soil, which
in that locality is very thin, and is slightly below the level of the sur-
rounding surface of the field. We dug down below it in several places,
but found only the natural, undisturbed earth.

Finding no human remains or relics thus far, we cut down another
five feet in width along the north side of the excavation already men-
tioned. In this, about half-way down, we found a small rough chert
knife or scraper. In this cut, at the bottom, at the west end, were a
few human bones, not very well preserved; from which, however, we
secured one skull in tolerably good condition, and the frontal bone of
another of remarkably low, flat, brutal form. With these bones was
the shell of a turtle, broken into many and small pieces, showing, how-
ever, that it had been sculptured to some extent, though it was in so
small fragments that the design of the cuttings could not be made out.
This excavation was extended farther west and south, entirely beyond
all indications of remains of any kind. At the bottom of this excava-
tion, and about at the middle of the mound, we found a very finely
carved, smooth and symmetrical curved-base pipe, with plain, round

44 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

bowl, made of gray pipestone. There were no bones or other remains
near it.

We next cut down another slice along the north side of the former,
five or six feet wide and about twenty-five feet in length. In this we
went to the clay layer at bottom without making any discoveries what-
ever. At the east end, however, we found that the said layer of clay
stopped at a sharp line running diagonally across. Digging down into
the space not covered with the clay, we found that a “grave” or
excavation had been dug there to the depth of twenty inches, when
we again came down to the natural, undisturbed clay. At the bottom
of this, lying along the south-west side of the pit, and with the head
to the north-west, was a very much decayed adult skeleton, and mixed
up with the bones of the trunk were a few of the bones of a child.

In order to uncover this pit entirely, we made a still further cut
northward, thus exposing, in all, some twenty-five feet square of the
floor of the mound. On removing the earth entirely from this deeper
burial-place, we found another skeleton lying at right angles with the
first, along the north-west side of the pit, and were greatly disappointed
at finding associated with the bones in this portion, which seemed to
have been prepared with especial care, no relics of any kind whatever.
This pit was of irregular form, measuring eight feet along the south-
west side, seven feet on the north-west, and the other sides six and five
feet respectively.

This mound, though nearly of the same size of the others of the same
group, 1s remarkable for the entire absence of copper relics, beads,
marine shells, pottery, mica, obsidian, galena, and flint, bone, and horn
implements (except the scraper above mentioned).

Mr. G. H. Mosier and Mr. Hannibal Parsons were very kind and
courteous, and both gave us full privilege to explore any mounds we
might find on their property. We opened one supposed mound on the
land of each, but finding no encouragement or indications of relics or

of work of human hands, abandoned them.
C. E. Harrison.

W. BH. PrAgiH

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 45

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF
FLORIDA.

BY CHARLES T. SIMPSON.

Read before the Academy, December 31st, 1886.

INTRODUCTORY.

Tue following pages are chiefly the result of the collections made
during a four years’ residence near Braidentown, on the west coast of
Florida. No pretensions are made to its being a complete list, as it
comprises, for the most part, only such species as were collected by
the author, and those received from reliable collectors from within the
limits of the State. It was my intention, while residing in Florida, to
at some time publish a complete catalogue of all the species of mol-
lusca belonging to the State, and, with that intention in view, I had
planned an extensive cruise last winter down the west coast, up the
Caloosahatchee to Lake Okeechobee, the South-eastern Keys, and up
along the east coast of the mainland; but unforeseen circumstances
compelled me to leave the State, and completely changed my plans.
This fact, the lack of literature on the subject, the terrible confusion
that exists in the nomenclature and synonymy of Floridan and West
Indian shells, together with the fact that there are but few resident
conchologists in the State, and that but little material can be obtained
unless by actually collecting it, have led me to abandon the project
and to substitute, instead, a catalogue of my own collections, with
notes and observations made while actually in the field.

In the listing of these shells I have been particularly careful as to
locality, knowing that our knowledge of geographical distribution de-
pends wholly upon the accuracy of collectors in this direction. An
excellent memory in this respect, the careful labeling of specimens,
and notes taken while collecting, have rendered the statements of
locality given tolerably accurate.

Where shells were found more or less throughout a wide area, I have
often marked them “ West Coast,” meaning that they were found at
many points along the west coast of the State; or, “Florida Keys,”
alluding to species common to the lower chain of Keys, and not to
those of the western coast.

46 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

With regard to the distribution of the mollusca of Florida, my expe-
rience has given the following results:

First — On the west coast the marine shells consist of a number of
Atlantic coast forms, a few species peculiar to the south-east coast of
the United States, and a very large number of West Indian shells.
From the vicinity of Tampa Bay to the extreme point of Cape Sable, I
found but little change in the species. Such shells as Strombus pugilis,
the Fulgurs, Pyrula papyracea, the Fasciolarias, Melongena corona,
Natica duplicata, Oliva literata, Nassa vibex, Littorina angulifera and
irrorata, and Crepidula fornicata, among the Gasteropods, and Ostrea
virginica, Venus mortoni, Loripes edentula, Mactra similis, Donax
variabilis, Cytherea gigantea, Cardium magnum, several species of
Mytilus and Modiola, and the Pinnas seminuda and muricata, among
bivalves, are characteristic of the west coast throughout the region
which I have indicated. A few West Indian species become more
plentiful as we go southward; thus, Cancellaria reticulata is somewhat
rare in the vicinity of Tampa Bay, but is plentiful on Sannibel Island, a
hundred miles south, and so on to the extreme end of the State. Tel-
lina puniceus is very seldom found north of the Caloosahatchee River,
but at Cape Sable it is abundant; Natica canrena is more abundant to
the southward, etc. Still, the difference in a collection of shells made
at Anna Maria Key and one from Cape Sable is hardly perceptible.
But when one crosses over to the nearest of the lower range of Keys a
very different shell fauna is met with. On these Keys the character-
istic species are such shells as Vasum muricatum, Strombus gigas and
bituberculatus, the Tritons, Ricinula nodulosa, the Purples, Marginella
carnea and guttata, Ovulum gibbosum, Columbella mercatoria, the
Cyprzas, the Doliums, the Neritas, the violet snails, several species of
Littorina, the Imperators, a number of Acmeeas, the Strigillas, Mytilus
exustus, the Pernas, and the like, scarcely one of which is ever found on
the west coast of the mainland at all.

This change may be accounted for in part, no doubt, by the fact that
the Keys are of coral formation and that the shores of the west coast
of the mainland are mostly sandy; but I believe the Gulf Stream to be
accountable for most of this. It sweeps to the southward a long way
to the west of the mainland of Florida, but is crowded in close to the
Tortugas and the Florida Keys, and is kept in near to these Keys on
the south-eastern shore and for a long distance up the east coast of the
mainland. ‘The theory that this is the distributor of many of these
tropical forms is sustained by the fact that such shells as Purpura flori-
dana, Strombus bituberculatus, Marginella carnea, Cassis tuberosa and

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 47

cameo, the Doliums, galea and perdix, the Ianthinas, Arca incongrua,
Pecten ornatus, and many others, are found along the entire eastern
coast of the State, and even, in some cases, as far north as the coast of
North Carolina, though not one of them, so far as I know, is found on
the west coast. The molluscan fauna of the Bermudas, though these
islands lie north of the northern limit of Florida, is much more like
that of the lower Keys than that of the west coast.

Another point worthy of notice is that many of the Atlantic coast
species appear on the west coast of the State, some of which, though
abundant at Tampa Bay and northward, are not found, or are rare, at
the southern extremity of the peninsula. Among the Atlantic coast
species found on the western shore of the State, I may mention Uro-
salpinx cinerea, Eupleura caudata, Columbella avara, Natica dupli-
cata, Crepidula glauca, fornicata, and convexa, Bittium nigrum, Litto-
rina irrorata, Mactra lateralis, Crassatella lunulata, Macoma proxima,
Ostrea virginica, etc. Some of these extend westward to the coast of
Texas. I have seen a number of these in the collection of Mr.:Harry A.
Pilsbry, picked up by him at Galveston, and among them valves of
Petricola pholadiformis, a shell which I have never found on the west
coast of Florida. It is reported from that locality by Mr. Calkins, but
I have seen the shells presented by that gentleman to the Davenport
Academy and bearing that label, and they are only worn valves of
Pholas costata. Whether or not these species passed into the Gulf of
Mexico before the peninsula attained its present dimensions, as has
been surmised, is a question I think we cannot settle until we know
more of the distribution of living forms and of the fossil species of the
State.

I found the Tortugas wonderfully rich in the smaller forms of the
mollusca, and many species were obtained there which I think have
never heretofore been credited to Florida. Sarasota Bay and vicinity
and ‘Tampa Bay were also very prolific in species. A single dredging
trip of some twenty hauls, in the latter body of water, yielded about
one hundred and twenty-five species, many of them never obtained
elsewhere.

Second — The land shells of the State consist of a few species of
wide distribution, such as Zonites indentatus, arboreus, minusculus,
and fulvus, Strobila labyrinthica, several of the Pupas, Carychium ex-
iguum, Succinea obliqua, and the like; a number that are peculiarly
southern in their distribution, among which the Polygyras are numer-
ous, both as to species and individuals, and a good many species whose
metropolis is the West Indies and South America, probably brought

48 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

by the Gulf Stream. Among these may be mentioned Zonites gund-
lachi, Cylindrella poeyana, Bulimulus marielinus, Strophia incana,
Stenogyra subula and gracilima, Liguus fasciatus, Orthalicus undatus,
the two species of Macroceramus, from Cuba; Helix varians, from the
Bahamas; and Bulimulus multilineatus, from South America. Glan-
dina truncata is also a Cuban species, as well as Helix vortex and
Chondropoma dentatum. Of the West Indian shells, Strophia incana,
Bulimulus marielinus, the Stenogyras, Helix varians, Orthalicus unda-
tus, the Cylindrellas, and Chondropoma dentatum seem to be confined
to the lower Keys or the extreme southern portion of the peninsula;
Bulimulus multilineatus and Liguus fasciatus range farther north; the
two species of Macroceramus extend to Tampa Bay; and the re-
mainder are probably found over the greater part of the State. Of
course these limits may be extended by future research.

Third — The fresh-water species have but a small representation
from the tropics. Planorbus tumidus is a Cuban shell; so are Ampul-
laria depressa and Neritina reclivata. Ancylus obscurus is West
Indian, and Ampullaria caliginosa is from Mexico and Nicaragua. <A
number of the univalves are of northern origin, no doubt: such as
Limnea humilis, Planorbis trivolvis, Physa heterostropha, and the like.
The species of Unios are all, so far as I know, confined to the waters
flowing into the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico, and many of them are
probably peculiar to the State.

In the preparation of this catalogue, I have been continually under
obligation to Mr. William H. Dall, of the United States National Mu-
seum, at Washington. He has identified several hundreds of the
smaller and less known species, has aided me constantly with advice
and valuable suggestions, and has written out the descriptions of the
new species. To him my thanks are due for his patience and forbear-
ance throughout. Mr. Dall wishes me to say that he has simply given
a name to such species as have passed through his hands; that it would
be impossible to tell whether these names will stand or not when the
synonymy is thoroughly worked out.

I would also express my obligations to Mr. John Ford, of the Phila-
delphia Academy of Natural Sciences, for comparing many of my spe-
cies with the type-shells in the museum, and for kindly help and en-
couragement; to M. C. F. Ancey, of Marseilles, France, for identifying
many of the land species and fresh-water univalves; to Mr. William A.
Marsh, of Aledo, Ill., and Mr. Harry A. Pilsbry, of Davenport, Iowa,
for assistance in identifying the Unios.

SIMPSON —CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 49

I have no doubt that there are errors in this catalogue. It has
been prepared in haste, in the odd moments of a very busy life. I
have but little literature on the subject, and have never had any oppor-
tunity to examine extensive libraries or collections;—in fact, a por-
tion of my Florida species I have not yet had time to unpack and
compare. My work has been mostly done in the field. I thought it
better, however, to do something than to wait for leisure and oppor-
tunities which might never come. I therefore ask the kindly consider-
ation of all into whose hands it may fall.

OGALLALA, NEB., December 1, 1886.

CATALOGUE.

[In the following catalogue, such species as have been obtained only from other collectors
are designated by an asterisk (*). All others have been collected by myself. |

Octopus vulgaris L.. Washed up on Long Key.

Octopus rugosus Bosc.? Florida Keys.

Ommatostrephes ? A specimen washed up on Long Key, the pen
of which is referred by Mr. Dall to this genus with doubt. The animal
was partly decayed when found.

Spirula peronit Lam. Florida Keys; not rare.

flyalea trispinosa D’Orb. One shell found washed up on the lower
end of Anna Maria Key.

Murex pomum Gm. West coast. Very abundant at Sannibel Island
and southward.

* Murex adustus Lam. A single fine specimen was received from
Mr. Isaiah Greegor, of Jacksonville, who reports it from the east coast.
Tryon gives its locality as Indian Ocean, Phillipines, and Japan; but
Dall, in his catalogue of West Indian shells, reports it from Cuba, on
the authority of Pfeiffer.

Murex recurvirostris Brod. Anna Maria Key, one specimen; San-
nibel Island; Marco, and vicinity.

Murex brevifrons Lam. ‘Two slightly worn specimens, found at
Key West, are referred to this species.

Murex chrysostomus Gray. One young shell from Sannibel Island.
I have seen a fine full-grown shell, belonging to Mr. R. C. Stuart, of
Tampa, found on the west coast, which is probably this species.

Murex salleanus A. Ad. West coast; more abundant at Sannibel
Island and southward.

Murex nuceus Morch. Tampa Bay; Tortugas. A number of speci-
mens were dredged, living, in eight fathoms of water, in Tampa Bay.

Murex intermedius ‘C. B. Ad. Worn specimens were found at Key
West. I have this shell from the Bermudas and Honduras, east coast.

[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 7 [Noy, 4, 1887. ]

50 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Murex cellulosa Con.? Dredged in Tampa Bay. Agrees better with
Conrad’s description of this species than with anything else.

Muricidea hemphilii Dall. Long Key to Sannibel Island. Quite
variable in sculpture and coloring. I have a bright orange-colored shell.

Muricidea foridana Con. Abundant at Tampa Bay and vicinity.

Urosalpinx cinereus Say. Occasionally found in the vicinity of
Tampa Bay.

Urosalpinx cinereus Say, var. A couple of heavy-shouldered shells,
with short spire, somewhat worn, were picked up on Sannibel Island.
Mr. Dall supposes them to be a variety of this species.

Urosalpinx tampaensis Con. Occasionally found in Tampa Bay.

Eupleura caudata Say. Dredged in Tampa Bay.

Eupleura muriciformis Brod. Anna Maria Key. <A heavy, white
shell, very different from 4. caudata as dredged by me; but Mr. Dall
believes it to be the same.

Purpura hemastoma L. Key West.

Purpura floridana Con. Florida Keys; east coast, Mr. T. lL. Cun-
ningham.

Purpura undata am. Florida Keys. Both this and the preceding
are, no doubt, forms of the widely distributed and variable sail tah
hemastoma.

Purpura deltoidea Lam. Florida Keys.

Ricinula nodulosa C. B. Ad. Key West; Tortugas. Abundant.

Rhizocheilus (Coralliophila) galea Chem. ‘Tortugas, one worn shell.
Two worn shells were found in Tampa Bay, which are probably this,
but are more'slender and not so solid as the Tortugas specimen.

Triton tritonis \.., var. nobilis Con. I found about thirty living
specimens on the reefs at Tortugas, of an apparently stunted form,
being very solid and having a heavy lip, though not over seven or
eight inches in length. Capt. William Bahrt, of Braidentown, has a
noble shell from Duck Key that measures fourteen inches in length.

Triton pilearis L.. Tortugas. This is Calkins’ 7: vedzev.

Triton chlorostomus Lam. Tortugas. One fairly good adult shell.

Triton femorale \.. Four fine living shells were obtained at Key
West; they are not so large or bright as shells from the West Indies.

Triton tuberosus Lam. One shell found at Tortugas.

Triton lamellosus Dkr. Key West.

Triton lanceolatus Mke. Anna Maria Key, one fine shell; worn
shells were picked up at Key West.

Triton eximius Reeve. Key West; Tortugas.

Triton arachnoides Morch. ‘Tortugas; several worn and broken ex-
amples.

Fasciolaria tulipa 1... Common and variable. A form found in shel-
tered bays is much duller colored and coarser than those of the open
sea.. A mahogany-colored form is occasionally found on the Keys.

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 51

Fasciolaria distans Lam. West coast; common. Mr. Tryon makes
this a variety of ¥. twlipa. I have never found the connecting ‘shells.

Fasciolaria gigantea Keiner. West coast, and Keys. In the vicinity
of Tampa Bay, adult shells are seldom over a foot long. On the Keys,
I have seen dead shells two feet in length. The largest Gasteropod in
the world.

Latirus infundibulum Gm. ‘Vortugas.
Latirus cayohuesonicus Sow. Jr. ‘Tortugas.

Leucozonia cingulifera 1am. West coast, rare; more common on
the Keys.

Melongena corona Gm. West coast, and Keys. Very common and
variable. A small form, described by Sowerby in Proc. Zool. Soc.,
London, is common on the Keys and southern end of the mainland.

Melongena corona, var. bispinosa Phil. Abundant at Lostman’s Point.
Fulgur pyrum Dillw. West coast.

Fulgur perversus 1... West coast; common. The shell is ordinarily
painted, when young, with brown, buff, and orange; but fades into a
dirty white when full grown. I have a live shell, found at Long Key,
which measures fifteen and one-half inches in length. On this island I
found a beautiful, pure white variety, young shells sometimes having a
few black markings on the spire. Both species are found at Galveston,
on the Texas coast.

Cantharus tincta Con. West coast, rare; common on the Florida
Keys.

Cantharus tincta, var. antillarum Dkr. Key West; Red-fish Point;
Tampa Bay.

Cantharus coromandelianus Lam. Florida Keys.

Cantharus parvum Ad. ‘Tortugas.

*Cantharus cancellaria Con. Cedar Keys.

* Phos intricatus Dall. Key West. Received from Mr. Wm. H. Dall.

Nassa vibex Say. West coast; common.

Nassa ambigua Mont. West coast, rare; Florida Keys, common.

Nassa ambigua, var. consensa Rav. Dredged; Tampa Bay.

Nassa ambigua, var. acuta Pult. Dredged; Tampa Bay~

* Vassa obsoleta Say. Fernandina, Mr. Henry Hemphill; east coast,
Cunningham.

Vasum muricatum Born. Little Content Key; Key West.

Voluta junonia Chem. West coast. Rarely found in good condi-
tion, it being a deep-water shell. I have a specimen, in fairly good
condition, from Little Sarasota Pass.

Mitra barbadensis Gm. Key West; Tortugas reefs. Several very
large and fine specimens were found at the latter locality, under coral
rocks, at low tide.

Mitra hanleyi Dohrn. ‘Tortugas.

52 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Mitra albocincta C. B. Ad. ‘Tortugas.

Mitra sulcata Gm. Tortugas.

Mitra floridana Dall. ‘Tortugas.

Erato manguerie Gray. Tampa Bay; west coast. Rare.

Marginella carnea Storer. Key West.

Marginella guttata Dillw. Key West.

Marginella apicina Mke. West coast.

Marginella apicina, white var. Key West.

Mar ginella opalina Stearns. Magill’s Bay.

Marginella aureocincta Stearns. One specimen was found in Sara-
sota Bay.

Marginella pellucida Pfr. Sarasota Bay; Key West; abundant at
the Bahamas.

Marginella roscida Red. West coast. I am doubtful whether this
is distinct from apicina.

Marsginella nitida Hds. Magill’s Bay. One shell was found at Key
West.

Marginella paxillus Reeve. Sarasota Bay.

Mar ginella catenata Mont. ‘Tortugas; abundant.

Mar ginella ovuliformis D’Orb. Red-fish Point; Tampa Bay.

Mar ginella minuta Pfr. Tampa Bay.

Mar ginella lachrymula G\d. Tampa Bay.

Marginella lactea Keiner. Key West; Tortugas.

Marginella pallida .. Tortugas.

Marginella nivea C. B. Ad. Tortugas.

Olivella mutica Say. West coast. Quite variable.

Olivella mutica Say, var. A small, yellowish variety, marked with
zigzag, brown lines, was dredged in Tampa Bay.

Olivella mutica Say, var. nitidula Dillw. West coast.

Olivella nivea Gm. Sarasota Pass.

Olivella jaspidea Gm. ‘Tortugas.

Olivella floralia Duc. West coast.

Oliva literata Lam. Very abundant throughout the west coast, on
sand flats, at low tide, and extends west to Texas.

Oliva literata, var. A golden yellow variety, which is almost en-
tirely devoid of markings, is rarely found on the west coast.

Oliva reticularis Lam. Key West.

Columbella mercatoria L. The Keys; east coast, Cunningham. One

living specimen was dredged in Tampa Bay, in seven fathoms. A most
variable shell in size, form, and coloring.

Columbella dysoni Reeve. ‘Tortugas. A shell agreeing with Tryon’s
figure and description of this was found on Tortugas, and I have the

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TG THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 53

same from Utilla, Honduras. I have no doubt that it is a form of C.
mercatoria.

Columbella rustica \.. Magill’s Bay, large and fine; mouth of Ca-
loosahatchie River.

Columbella nitida Lam. Tortugas reefs. Abundant under rocks at
low tide.

Columbella cribraria Lam. Tortugas.

Columbella lunata Say. Egmont Key; Red-fish Point; Manatee River.

Columbella pulchella Keiner. Garden Key; Tortugas.

Columbella acuta Stearns. Egmont Key.

Columbella avara Say, var. simplicata Stearns. Manatee River, on
floating dry-docks; dredged in Tampa Bay. .

Columbella obesa C. B. Ad. Red-fish Point, dead shells.

Columbella ostreicola E. A. Smith. Tampa Bay; Cedar Keys, Mr.
J. B. Upson.

Columbella stearnst Tryon. Tampa Bay.

Columbella hotesstert D’Orb. Tampa Bay. Worn shells were dredged,

‘which are probably this species.

Engina turbinella Kiener. Tortugas reefs, under stones; Key West.

Cancellaria reticulata Dillw. West coast; more abundant at Sanni-
bel Island and southward.

Cancellaria stimpsoni Calkins. A single shell was picked up in good
condition on Cape Sable.

Terebra protexta Con.. West coast, rare; dredged in Sarasota and
Tampa Bays.

Terebra dislocatus Say. Abundant on sand flats at low tide.

Strombus pugilis L. Common everywhere on the west coast. A
color variety has the interior of the mouth colored violet and blue.

Strombus pugilis, var. alatus Gm. Not a distinct variety at all. I
have a suite of shells, varying from perfectly smooth forms to those
with sharp spines on the shoulder, and from a uniform chestnut color
throughout all the different patterns of bands and zigzag painting to
pale yellow. Some of the smooth forms are a uniform chestnut color.
I have a tuberculate variety with a brilliant light orange aperture. All
these forms are found from high tide to several fathoms’ depth.

Strombus bituberculatus Lam. Florida Keys; east coast.

Strombus gigas L. Florida Keys.

Strombus costatus Gm. Florida Keys; rare. I have a weathered
shell which I found on Passage Key, at the mouth of Tampa Bay, and
Mr. Charles More has one, in good condition, which he found on
Egmont Key, while residing there as light keeper. I have a young
shell which is probably this, which Mr. P. W. Reasoner found at Little
Sarasota Pass, that is of a bright crimson color. I have seen shells of
this species that were collected near St. Augustine.

54 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Cypraa exanthema \.. ‘Tortugas reefs; Key West.

Cyprea cervus \.. Tortugas reefs; young. I have a fine pair
which are almost black, from Key West. One very large dead shell
was found at Stump Pass, by Mr. James Mann.

Cyprea spurca L.. Tortugas reefs; living.

Cyprea cinerea Gm. Several dead shells and one very fine living
specimen were found at Tortugas reefs.

Cyprea (Trivia) pediculus 1... Anna Maria Key; Florida Keys.

Cyprea (Trivia) quadripunctata Gray. Tortugas; very plentiful.

Cyprea (Trivia) nivea Gray. Tortugas; one shell.

Ovulum gibbosum 1. Key West.

Ovulum acicularis Lam. ‘Tortugas.

*Cvulum uniplicata Sowb. R. C. Stuart, found on the Florida Keys.

Cassis cameo Stimpson. ‘Tortugas; rare. This fine species, once
abundant at the above locality, is now seldom found, and I was told
that a specimen had not been obtained there, in good condition, for
more than a year. I have seen shells from the Tortugas that would
not go into an ordinary water-bucket. I found a nearly entire fresh
shell on the upper end of Anna Maria Key, in the spring of 1885.

Cassis sulcosa Brug. West coast.

Cassis sulcosa, var. inflata Shaw. Florida Keys. 5

Oniscia oniscus 1. Key West; Tortugas.

Dolium galea \.. Marquesas Keys, young; Key West.

Dolium perdix L. Tortugas; young.

Pyrula papyracea Say. West coast; abundant.

Pleurotoma zebra Lam. Key West.

Pleurotoma solida C. B. Ad. Tortugas; young.

Pleurotoma tayloriana Reeve. Sannibel Island.

Pleurotoma gibbosa Born. Anna Maria Key; one slightly worn shell.

Pleurotoma eritima Bush. Tortugas.

Pleurotoma atrostyla Dall. ‘Tortugas.

Pleurotoma albinodata Reeve. ‘Tortugas.

Pleurotoma cerinela Dall. ‘Tortugas.

Pleurotoma limonitella Dall. ‘Tortugas; Sarasota Bay.

Pleurotoma ostrearum Stearns. ‘Tortugas.

Pleurotoma ostrearum Stearns, color var. ‘Tortugas.

Pleurotoma biconica Ad. ‘Tortugas.

Pleurotoma biconica Ad., var. ‘Tortugas.

Pleurotoma caribbea D’Orb. ‘Tortugas.

Pleurotoma (Mangilia?) Simpsoni, n. s.
The following is Mr. Dall’s description of this little shell:

SIMPSON —CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 55

“Shell polished, shining, with (including the nucleus) six and a half
whorls; nucleus madder-brown, smooth, rather large, blunt, with one
and a half turns; remainder transversely ribbed with 8—10 smooth,
rounded, nearly straight, stout ribs, extending from suture to suture,
which begin with the end of the nuclear part, and fail at the last third
of the last whorl, which is marked only by silky fine incremental striz ;
the spaces between the ribs are equal to or somewhat less than the
ribs in width; longitudinal sculpture none, or only occasional extremely
faint microscopic lines; whorls not inflated; color, rosy pellucid white,
banded in front of the suture with rosy brown, fainter on the ribs, and,
in the specimen described, extending forward nearly to the periphery
of the earlier whorls; the base of the last whorl similarly tinged; the last
somewhat varicose rib and the outer thickened lip whitish; aperture and
canal very short and wide, and notch deep and large, rounded, leaving
no fasciole, the outer lip lightly thickened, arched forward, a slight
callus on the columella; interior not lirate in the specimen described.

“Lon. 5.75 mm.; last whorl equal to half the total length; maximum
diameter of shell, 2.1 mm.

“Two specimens of this extremely pretty little shell were obtained at
Tampa Bay by Mr. Simpson. It differs from any known form from
that region heretofore, and in the form of its aperture and notch re-
calls some of the west coast Drillias, but, owing to the absence of a
fasciole in front of the suture, can hardly be referred to that section of
the Pleurotomidz. One specimen is in the collection of the National
Museum, No. 61,040.”

The only two specimens obtained of this species were dredged in
about five fathoms.

Pleurotoma monilifera Sby. Tortugas.

Pleurotoma aubertana D’Orb.? ‘Tortugas.

Pleurotoma nigerrima Dall. Tortugas.

Pleurotoma thea Dall. Sarasota Bay.

Pleurotoma fuscescens Gray. Sannibel Island.

Pleurotoma leucocyma Dall. Key West.

Pleurotoma flavescens Reeve. Tortugas.

Pleurotoma quadrata Reeve. ‘Tortugas.

Mangitia stellata Stearns. Long Key.

Mangilia balteata Reeve. Tortugas.

Mangilia balteata, var. Tortugas.

*Clathurella gewetttt C. B. Ad. Cedar Keys, Hemphill.

*Clathurella jewettit Stearns. Cedar Keys, Hemphill.

The Pleurotomidz are in great confusion, and but little is accurately
known concerning the species. I have used the generic name Pleuro-

toma for the species sometimes classed under the generic name of
Drillia.

Conus floridanus Gabb. Cape Sable and northward.

56 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Conus peali Green? Shells collected at Long Key seem to agree
‘tolerably well with description and figures of the above, but are larger
than the dimensions given for that species.

Conus proteus Hwass. West coast. Often washed on shore, but
generally worn. Probably a deep-water species.

Conus mus Hwass. A number of very fine living shells were col-
lected on the Tortugas reefs at low water.

Conus pygmaeus Reeve. West coast. Nearly jet black shells, with
white squarish spots, were found in Magill’s Bay. Further south, the
shell is often whitish, with yellow or brown spots, and grooved through-
out the entire body-whorl. I have the same shell collected on the east
coast of Honduras, which is very dark and covered with pustules. I
also have it from Panama.

Conus cardinalis Hwass. A single slightly worn shell was found at
the Tortugas which seems to be this species.

Conus magellanicus Hwass. ‘Tortugas. Worn shells were found at the
above locality which appear to be this. The species is found at the
Bahamas.

Natica pusilla Say. Young living specimens were dredged in Tampa
and Terraciea Bays.

Natica duplicata Say. Abundant on west coast, being found from
the open sea up to nearly fresh water in rivers, and quite variable.
There is a flattened form found in the open sea which approaches JV.
Josephine in shape.

Natica canrena \.. West coast; more abundant southward.

Natica uberiana D’Orb. Tortugas; Key West; Florida Keys.

Natica mamillaris Lam. ‘Tortugas; one worn shell.

Natica marochiensis Gm., var. livida Pfr. Marco; one fine shell.
Occasionally found on the south-west coast.

Sigaretus perspectivus Say. West coast, on sand flats at low tide.

Sigaretus maculatus Say. Long Key; one shell in fairly good con-
dition.

Lamellaria pellucida Verrill. Long Key; one shell.

Calyptrea candeana D’Orb. West coast; Long Key. One living
specimen and an abundance of dead shells were dredged in Tampa Bay.

Cochtiolepis parasiticus Stimpson. Passage Key; dredged in Tampa
Bay. A few shells, all dead.

Crepidula fornicata Say. One of the most abundant shells in the
vicinity of Tampa Bay.

Crepidula glauca Say. Mr. Tryon makes a species of this, but I have
no doubt that it is a variety of the very variable C. fornicata.

Crepidula convexa Say. I have shells from Tampa Bay and vicinity
that agree perfectly with figures and description of this species, as well
as with shells from the New England coast. I have often found it

SIMPSON—-CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 57

growing on Modulus floridanus. I believe it to be a variety. of C. for-
nicata. ‘

Crepidula plana Say. Common on the interior of the “wgurs and
other dead shells.

Crepidula aculeata Gm. West coast and Keys. Quite variable;
generally found beach worn.

Capulus intortus Lam. Key West.

Capulus subrufus Lam. ‘Tortugas.

Mitrularia equestris L. ‘Tortugas.

Mitrularia equestris, var. tortilis Reeve. Key West.

* Xenophora conchyliophora Born. South-east Keys; two living shells
were received from William Bahrt.

Vermetus nigricans Dall. Sarasota Bay and other localities on the
west coast, forming solid reefs between tides. In the crevices among
these reefs numbers of AZytilus exustus and cubitus, and the various
species of Zzthodomus find a home.

Vermetus conicus Dillv. Egmont and Anna Maria Keys.

Vermetus lumbricalis L., var. spiratus Phil. Common on the west
coast.

Vermetus lumbricalis L., var. bicarinatus Morch. West coast;
Cape Sable.

Vermetus lumbricalis 1.., var. radicula Stimp. West coast; common.

Vermetus retifera Morch. ‘Tortugas. A peculiar form, having the
tube flattened and closely coiled, growing on corals and the piling of
an old wharf, and having the apertural portion elevated. Mr. Tryon
considered it a variety of V. conicus Dillw., but it seems to me quite
distinct.

Vermetus annulatus Daudin. ‘Tortugas. Partly imbedded in shells
of Chama macrophylla.

Vermetus annulatus Daudin, var. irregularis D’Orb. Tortugas. On
shells and corals, growing in dense clusters. This agrees in color and
in being irregularly contorted, and transversely lamellated, with the
description of this variety, but differs from it, and from the description
of the subgenus in not veing imbedded, and in growing in dense clus-
ters. It is a Spiroglyphus, as the operculum is convex externally, with
concentric laminz, and concave internally, with a central mamilla and
narrowly elevated margin.

Vermetus decussatus Gm. Egmont Key.

Vermetus nebulosus Dillw.? Tortugas. Attached to shells. © On ae-
count of the irregular growth of these shells, and the fact that
specimens with the opercula are seldom obtained, they are very diffi-
cult to accurately identify, and a good deal of confusion exists con-
cerning the species. Many of them closely resemble the shells of
Serpula, an annelid genus; they differ from the Serpu/a in having a
spiral, nuclear shell, and usually internal /ame//@ or septa.

[Proo. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.] 8 [February 4, 1889. ]

58 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Scalaria tenuis Sby. ‘Tortugas.

Scalaria angulata Say. Tortugas; west coast
Scalaria humphreysii Keiner. ‘Tortugas.
Scalaria eburnea Pot. and Mich. ‘Tortugas.
Scalaria krebsii Morch. ‘Tortugas.

Scalaria candeana D’Orb. Tortugas.
Scalaria coronata Lam. Anna Maria Key.
Scalaria fragilis Hanley. Key West.
Scalaria hotessiertana D’Orb. Tortugas.
Scalaria blandit Morch. ‘Tortugas.

Tanthina fragilis Lam. Florida Keys; Key West. Has been
picked up on Egmont Key by Mr. Charles Moore.

Lanthina globosa Swain. Key West. On a certain Sunday morn-
ing, while at Key West, I found the beach strewed with millions of
fanthina fragilis and globosa, the former being most abundant.
Thousands of these shells contained the animals in a perfectly fresh
state, and were no doubt living when thrown up the night before.
There had been no storm, nor even a change of wind, and though I
had searched the same beach the evening before, I had not found an
example of either species. It seems asif a vast school of these animals,
carried by some current, had been landed bodily on the rocky beach.

Cecum sp. ind. Tortugas.

Cecum pulchellum Stimp. Tortugas.

Caecum floridanum Stimp.? Anna Maria Key.

Fulima conoidea Kurtz and Stimp. Dredged in Tampa Bay.

*Fulima psila Wat. Obtained of Mr. Isaiah Greegoy, and said to
come from the east coast of Florida.

iso aeglees Bush. Tampa Bay; dredged.

Turbonilla interrupta Tott. Tampa Bay; dredged.

Turbonilla areolata Verrill? Tampa Bay.

Turbonilla gracilis Dek. ‘Tampa Bay.

Odostomia granatina Dall. Dredged in Tampa Bay.

Odostomia impressa Say. Cedar Keys; J. B. Upson, Tampa Bay.

Oscilla nivea Morch. ‘Tortugas.

Pyramidella dolobrata Lam. Little Sarasota Pass. A single fresh
shell was found at the above locality. I found it abundantly fossil in
the hammocks south of Manatee, in company with Aula striata, the
latter now found only rarely living on the Florida Keys. With these
fossils were associated a great majority of the species living to-day on
the adjoining coast. I believe that Pyramidella dolobrata has not be-
fore been reported from Florida, though it is abundant in the Antilles.

Obeliscus crenulatus Holmes. Dredged in Tampa Bay.
Obeliscus candidus Morch. Dredged with the typical fesse//atus.

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TG THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 59

Littorina angulifera Lam. Abundant on the west coast and Keys
to Honduras and throughout the West Indies, Bahamas, and Bermudas,
often climbing twenty-five feet up mangrove trees. Exceedingly vari-
able in size and coloring. ‘The finest specimens were found at Marco.

Littorina irrorata Say. Abundant in localities only rarely covered
by high tide.

Littorina lineata D’Orb. Florida Keys; a very large, heavy, inflated
form was found at Key West.

Littorina zigzag Chem. Key West; .Tortugas. Quite variable;
some shells nearly jet black and smooth, others with rounded whorls
approach very close to Z. /ineata, with which it probably connects.

Littorina guttata Phil. One shell found at the Tortugas, and an-
other at Utilla, Honduras. Mr. Dall identifies them as his species.

Echinella nodulosa Pfr. Florida Keys.
Tectarius muricatus Lam. Florida Keys.
Modulus floridanus Con. West coast.

Modulus lenticularis Chem. Common on the Keys; west coast,
rare.

Modulus modulus \.. Tortugas.
Planaxis nucleus Wood. ‘Tortugas.
Planaxis lineatus Da Costa. ‘Tortugas.

Litiopa bombyx Kiener. Washed up on Tortugas; very abundant on
floating seaweed in the Caribbean Sea.

Alaba tervaricosa Ad. ‘Tortugas.

Cerithium atratum Born. West coast; abundant. East coast; re-
ceived from Cunningham.

Cerithium eburneum Brug. Florida Keys. Abunda: t and variable.

Cerithium algicola C. B. Ad. Florida Keys. I think this is merely
a form of the preceding.

Cerithium semiferrugineum Lam. The Keys.

Cerithium literatum Born. The Keys. Quite variable in form,
coloring, and sculpture. Some of the lighter colored forms are very
nodulous; others are nearly smooth.

Cerithium ferrugineum Say. Abundant on the Keys; rarely found
by me on the west coast. Much confusion exists concerning this shell.
Pyrazus minimus Gm., is often mistaken for this species, and its so-
called variety verszcolor of C. B. Adams, which it somewhat resembles in
size, form, and sculpture. C. fevrugineum is a solider shell, the aperture
is smaller and is lirate within, the nodules are more distinct, and,
upon the whole, it is a rougher shell. In Pyrazws minimus the nod-
ules are pinched up into longitudinal plications, which become evanes-
cent on the lower part of the whorls. I consider the variety versécolor
C. B. Ad., of Cerithium ferrugineum, of no value. Mr. Tryon sepa-
rates C. rissoidaeum Sowb., and states in the manual that it is smaller,
always white or yellowish white, and that the sculpture is slightly dif-

60 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

ferent. My extensive suit of these shells from Tortugas does not show
any distinction even as a variety, as the variation is from the most slen-
der forms to those almost pupoidal, and with every shade of color from
dark brown, through various patterns of painting, to pure white. Some
of these shells are not over 6 mm. in length. C. eriense Val. is a syn-
onym of ferrugineum.

Cerithium muscarum Say. A most beautiful and abundant form in
Florida. A small, very delicate variety, with chestnut-colored puncta-
tions, is found on the Keys; and I also have it from the Bermudas and
Honduras, but it connects with the type.

Cerithium guiniacum Phil.? A broken and slightly worn shell was
picked up at the Tortugas which agrees well with this species, and is
certainly like nothing else that I have seen. I have another worn speci-
men of the same from Utilla, Honduras.

Bittium varium Pfr. Abundant from New York to Florida, and
varying from a dirty white to chocolate, with light colored varices.

Cerithiopsis tubercularis Mont. ‘Tortugas. A single fresh shell, the
var. acicu/a Brus., perhaps, having a broad whitish band above the
suture.

Cerithiopsis greeni C. B. Ad. ‘Tortugas.

Cerithiopsis punctutum \.. Tortugas; Tampa Bay. Better known as
C. emersoni C. B. Ad.

Cerithiopsis flevum C. B. Ad. Two slightly worn shells were found
at the Tortugas.

Cerithiopsis pulchellum C. B. Ad. ‘Tortugas.

Cerithiopsis kobelti Dall. ‘Tortugas.

Seila terebrale C. B. Ad. Common on the West coast and Keys;
Cedar Keys, from Mr. Hinkley.

Potamides scalariformis Say. Abundant throughout the West coast
and Keys.

Potamides iostoma Pfr. ‘Tampa and Sarasota Bays. Narrower than
P. scalariformis, and at once distinguished by having varices.

Potamides tenuis Pfr. Tampa and Sarasota Bays.
Potamides costata DaCosta. One shell was found in Tampa Bay.

Potamides turrita Stearns. Shaw’s point; three shells. Occasion-
ally found elsewhere. Shells received from Cedar Keys, from Mr.
Hinkley, and labeled P. zenuzs Pfr. by Mr. Dall, I think are the same
as this.

Pyrazus minimus Gm. One of the most abundant and variable
shells of the west coast of Florida. Specimens vary from ashy white
to almost jet black, and are often chestnut, chocolate, or even reddish.
Many are beautifully variegated with spiral bands of white, chocolate,
brown, and yellowish. The best distinguishing character is the slightly
pinched up nodulous plications on the upper part of the whorls, but
they are not always so marked, as I have specimens which are nearly
smooth. It is Lampanella septemstriata Say., L. nigrescens Menke,

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 6r

and LZ. peloritana Cantr. I have shells with the latter name said to be
from the Mediterranean.

Triforts decoratus C. Bs Ad. Tortugas; Tampa Bay.

Triforts nigrocinctus C. B. Ad. Tortugas; Tampa Bay.

Triforts turris-thomae Chem. Tortugas.

Triforis intermedius C. B. Ad. Tortugas.

Triforts ornatus Desh. ‘Tortugas.

Triforis variegatus A. Ad. Tortugas.

* Goniobasis papillosa Anth. Holmes’ Creek, West Florida. Mrs.
George Andrews. Dead shells of this species were received from Mr.
S. L. Cunningham, from Sumpter County.

Skenea sulcata Bush. Tortugas; very large.

Rissoina pulchra C. B. Ad. Tortugas.

Rissoina striosa C. B. Ad. ‘Tortugas.

Rissoina cancellata Phil. ‘Tortugas.

Rissoina reticulata Sby. West coast; probably Tampa Bay. The
label containing locality of this species was lost.

Bythinella monroensis Frau. Ware’s Creek; Pine Level.

Bythinia tentaculata Drap. Key West. These shells were found
near a salt pond, dead, and slightly weathered, and may have been
brought in ballast. I submitted them to Mr. Ancey, who identified
them as above. I have the same shell, taken alive, from New York,
where it has been introduced from Europe.

Hydrobia wetherbyi Dall. Pine Level, Manatee County.

Amnicola floridana Frau. Hillsborough River. Abundant on Pistia
spathulata.

*Gillia altilis Lea. Sumpter County. T. L. Cunningham.

*Vivipara georgiana Lea. Beauclerc, Florida, F. C. Sawyer.

*Vivipara subpurpurea —. Sumpter County. T. L. Cunningham.

Vivipara waltoni Tryon? Key West. Dead shells were found
with Bythinia tentaculata at the above locality, and were identified,
with doubt, by Mr. Ancey.

*Campeloma floridense Call. Orange County. T. L. Cunningham.

*Campeloma lima Anth.? A shell was obtained from Mr. R. C. Stuart,
marked Florida, which seems to agree well with Dall’s figure and de-
scription of the above species, only that it is lighter in color.

* Ampullaria depressa Say. Sumpter and Volusia Counties, Cunning-
ham; Orange County, Pilsbry.

Ampullaria caliginosa Reeve. Manatee County near Braiden Creek,
one worn shell; Royal Palm Hammock, several hundred shells; Miami
region; Cedar Keys. These agree in most respects with Dall’s de-
scription in Hemphill’s Shells. I have shells of 4. depressa which are
malleated, and have as large an umbilicus as A. caliginosa. Some
shells of the latter species have a brownish operculum, and are not

62 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

marked with salmon. However, the shells of 4. ca/iginosa, so far as I
have seen, are generally heavier, the peristome is much thicker, and
the whorls more globose than A. depressa. Ihave a lot of the latter
from Havana, Cuba, which in form approach more nearly to caliginosa
than my Florida specimens.

Truncatella pulchella Pfr. Tampa and Magill’s Bays; East Florida,
Cunningham.

Truncatella caribeensis Sby. Tampa Bay; Manatee River.

Truncatella bilabiata Pfr. Evans’ plantation on Lost Man’s River;
Key West; abundant at Utilla Island, Honduras.

Truncatella subcylindrica Gray. Manatee River; Magill’s Bay.

Chondropoma dentatum Say. Key West; Evans’ plantation.

Flelicina chrysocheila Binn. Sumpter and Volusia Counties, Cun-
ningham. I have one or two specimens of this found at Cedar Ham-
mock in Manatee County.

Fl[elicina orbiculata Say. Key West; Manatee County, several
localities; Evans’ plantation. At the latter place, just on the borders
of the everglades, a short distarice above Cape Sable, I found this shell
in great numbers, and varying greatly in color, ranging from pure
white, cream color, and yellow, to red and purple, ashy blue, green,
and beautifully variegated. Most of these were found living on the
ground about rotting logs, but quite a number were taken alive on the
trunks of cabbage and royal palms, in some cases as much as ten feet
from the ground. This is the only instance in which I found any of
the opercu/ated land shells of Florida on trees. Helicina dysont, a
closely related species, was generally found on the under side of the
leaves of Zhrynax radiata at Utilla.

Flelicina subglobosa Poey. Cedar Keys, Mr. Henry Hemphill. A
few shells were found at Shaw’s Point, at the mouth of the Manatee
River.

Lerita versicolor Lam. Florida Keys.

Nerita tessellata Gm. Florida Keys.

Nerita peloronta Lam. Florida Keys.

Neritina reclivata Say. Ware's Creek; streams north of the Manatee
River; Tampa. Generally badly eroded. Fresh and brackish water.
Neritina reclivata, var. palme@ Dall. Manatee River; one shell.

Neritina pupa i. ‘Tortugas, one shell; occasionally found here in
abundance.

* Neritina virginea L.. Florida Keys, William Bahrt. A large dark
form.

Neritina viridis L. Tortugas. Several worn shells.

Liotia muricata Reeve. ‘Tortugas.

Liotia cruentata Megerle. ‘Tortugas Reefs, under stones at low
water.

* Liotia tricarinata Stearns. ‘Tampa, Stearns.

-

“+

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OP: FLORIDA. 2 <3

Turbo castaneus Lam. West coast. Occasioiaby"thtewn up in
great numbers. Pe

Turbo crenulatus Gm.? Received from Pensacola.

Imperator caelatus Chem. <A large worn shell was found at Key
West; one young shell was picked up at the Tortugas.

Imperator caelatus, var. Cubensis Phil. Tortugas; Key West.

Imperator brevispina Lam. Florida Keys.

Imperator tuber L. Tortugas; one young shell, somewhat worn.

Imperator longispina Lam. ‘Vortugas.

Imperator americana Gm. Key West. Worn shells; Content
Key; Sand Key; Tortugas; very abundant at low tide, living on dead
coral.

Livona pica Gm. Little Content Key; Key West. Dead shells.

Trochus indusit Chem. Florida Keys. :

Trochus fasciatus L. Tortugas. Abundant; very variable. A
large form was found at Key West.

Trochus tampaensis Con. West coast. I found this shell on the
mainland of Honduras, east coast.

Margarita ritsii Dunker. ‘Tortugas.

Stomatella picta D’Orb. Tortugas.

Fissurella fascicularis Lam. Key West.

Fissurella fasciata Pfr. ‘Tortugas.

Fissurella cancellata Sby. ‘Tortugas.

Fissurella listert D’Orb. Key West; Tortugas.

Fissurella gemmulata Reeve. ‘Tortugas. A large number of shells
of this lovely little species were collected at Garden Key.

Fissurella alternata Say. Westcoast; notcommon. Found more
abundantly at “The Rocks,” Little Sarasota Pass, than elsewhere;
East coast, Cunningham.

Fissurella nodosa Born. ‘Tortugas.

Fissurella barbadensis Gm. Tortugas; Key West. A few shells
of the rough variety.

Fissurella barbadensis. Smooth variety. One worn shell at Gar-
den Key; Tortugas.

Rimula frenulata Dall. ‘Tortugas. One shell was broken in send-
ing to Mr. Dall for identification. He has since received this species
from Turtle Harbor, Florida, and also from North Carolina.

Emarginula tumida Sby. Tortugas.

Emarginula octoradiata Gm. Tortugas.

Lmarginiula octoradiata, form clausa D’Orb. Tortugas; Key West.
Emarginula octoradiata, var. depressa Blainv. ‘Tortugas.
Emarginula emarginata Blainv. Tortugas.

Acmea puncturata Lam. ‘Tortugas; Key West.

64 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Acmea pustula Gelb. Tortugas; Key West.

Acméa notata Lam. ‘Tortugas. Key West.

Acmeéa melanoleuca Gm. ‘Tortugas.

Acmea melanoleuca. White variety. ‘Tortugas.

Acmea pulcherrima Raws. ‘Tortugas.

Acmea pulcherrima, var. Tortugas. This beautiful little shell and
the variety were washed ashore on Garden Key.

Chiton apiculatus Say. Dredged in Tampa Bay. Other localities
on the west coast. Generally found adhering to dead shells.

Chiton multicostatus C. B. Ad. Key West, on coral rocks.

Chiton astriger Knorr. ‘Tortugas, on coral rocks on the reefs.

Chiton spiculosus Knorr. ‘Tampa Bay; west coast.

*Chiton pectinatus Sowb. Key West; low tide, Dr. William Rush.

Tornatina candei D’Orb. ‘Yampa Bay.

Acton delicatus Dall. Red-fish Point.

Acteon floridanus Con. Red-fish Point.

Action punctostriatus Adams. ‘Tampa Bay.

Bulla occidentalis Ad. West coast and Keys. An abundant and
most variable shell. At one time, after a storm, I found thousands of
living examples washed ashore on the north beach of Egmont Key.

* Bulla undata Brug. Several fine shells were received of William
Bahrt, collected by him on the South-east Keys.

Bulla striata Brug. Tortugas. A few dead shells. Abundant at
Havana and Utilla Islands; Honduras. Found in great quantities,
fossil, in the hammocks south of the Manatee River, where many shells
retain their coloring.

Haminea succinea Con. Salt Pond, Terraciea Island, very large
specimens; Egmont Key; Long Key.

Haminea virescens Sby. West coast; Salt Ponds, Terraciea Island;
mouth of Manatee River, etc. At one time, while collecting at Long
Key during a very low tide, I found thousands of this species crawling
about in a sheltered locality between tides, on a shelly beach, among a
species of broad-leaved grass. ‘They were all young.

Haminea antillarum D’Orb. Manatee River; Terraciea Island. A
beautiful and delicate shell.

Hydatina physis LL. West coast; rare. I found broken shells at
“The Rocks,” Little Sarasota Pass, and at a few other localities. I
have a shell from Mr. R. C. Stuart, collected on the west coast, local-
ity unknown.

Utriculus canaliculatus Say. Mouth of Manatee River; Terraciea
Island.

Aplysia protea Rang? Marco. Abundant in the passes among the
Ten Thousand Islands. Occasionally seen in Sarasota Bay.

Glandina truncata Gm. West coast and Keys; very variable.
Sumpter County, Cunningham.

SIMPSON

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 65

Glandina truncata, var. parallela W. G. B. Undoubtedly only a
form of G. truncata. The heavy shell with cylindrical or compressed
body whorl, I found mostly on shell mounds, where they seem to live
on and around Opuntia polvantha; while the typical ¢runcata was
most abundant around ponds in pine woods. A small, red form was
obtained at Evans’ plantation, and another, something like G. fexasiana
in form, but shorter and more solid, and of a light salmon color, was
found on Cape Sable.

Zonites arboreus Say. Rather plentiful in hammocks in and around
decaying logs; Sumpter County, Cunningham.

Zonites indentatus Say. Usually found with Z. ardoreus; Sumpter
County, Cunningham.

Zonites gundlachi Pfr. Evans’ plantation; Manatee County.

Zonites fulvus Drap. Evans’ plantation; Monroe County; Cedar
Hammock ; and hammock near the village of Manatee, with Z gund-
lachit.

Zonites minusculus Binn. Manatee County, several localities;
Evans’ plantation.

*Zontes suppressus Say. Gainesville, J. B. Upson; Fernandina,
Henry Hemphill. I have a shell from Terraciea Island, which I think
is the same.

Tebennophorus carolinensis Bosc. ‘Terraciea Island, in heavy ham-
mock.

Microphysa vortex Pfr. Goodland Point; Evans’ plantation. Tol-
erably abundant in both localities.

ffelix ( Polygyra) auriculata Say. One of the most common land
shells of Manatee County. Abounding around ponds in pine and ham-
mock woods. ‘The shell varies a good deal in size.

Felix (Polygyra) uvulifera Shutt. Found abundantly in a ham-
mock south of the Manatee River.

* Helix (Polygyra) postelliana Bid. Callahan, J. B. Upson.

* Helix ( Polygyra) auriformis Bld. Volusia County, Cunningham.

Felix ( Polygyra) tcereolus Mihl. Anna Maria, Passage, Mullet
and Long Keys.

flelix (Polygyra) carpenteriana Bld. A very common form on the
mainland near the sea. On Rabbit Key, near Cape Romaine, I found
this species under Agave rigida, in such quantities that it could be
scraped up in handfuls, and nearly all living.

Felix (Polygyra) septemvolva Say. Keys along the mouth of
Tampa Bay. There is no doubt now that the above three are merely
forms of one species, which Mr. Dall unites under the oldest name,
Flelix cereolus Muhl. In the summer of 1884, I found on Mullet
Key a great number of living specimens of the above species, varying
through every range of size and number of whorls from the smallest
carpenteriana to the largest septemvolva or cereolus, and having an

[Proo. D. A. N.S8., Vol. V.] ) [February 19, 1889.]

66 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

equal diversity of coloring. There were some smooth shells, others
with rib-like striaz, as well as great variation in the height of spire and
the carination of the outer whorl. In fact, it seemed as though all the
forms I had hitherto met with of this protean species, were here mixed
together, as if to prove at a glance that they were merely forms of one
and the same thing.

Felix (Polygyra) febigeri Bld. Sumpter County, Cunningham;
Key West. I cannot in any way distinguish these from shells with the
same name from New Orleans. ‘Those received from Mr. Cunningham
were labelled Polygyra febigeri. Undoubtedly a form of #7. cereolus.

Flelix (Polygyra) pustula Fer. Shaw’s Point, at the mouth of the
Manatee River; Cedar Hammock, and occasionally other localities in
Manatee County; Gainesville, J. B. Upson.

* Helix (Polygyra) pustuloides Bld. Cedar Keys, J. B. Upson.

*F[elix (Polygyra) avara Say. Sumpter County, Cunningham;
Jacksonville, Hemphill.

* Helix (Triodopsis) hopetonensis Shutt. Jacksonville, J. B. Upson;
Cedar Keys, Hemphill.

Flelix (Mesodon) major. A single fine shell of this species was seen
in the possession of Mr. R. C. Stuart, who collected it while on a cruise
along the West coast.

Felix (Mesodon) jejuna Say. Point Pinellas on shell mound, abun-
dant but dead; Terraciea Island; banks of Ware’s Creek; Braidentown ;
and Fogartyville. The only mollusk ever found in high dry pine woods
in Florida. I have seen it crawling on barren dry sand near Braiden-
town, and around my dwelling, and along the road in Fogartyville.-

Helix (Mesodon) mobiliana Binn. This form of zejuna was found,
associated with the typical shell.

Helix (Strobila) hubbardi Brown. Cedar Hammock, Manatee
County; small and very light colored. A larger dark brown shell was
found at Goodland Point, and Evans’ plantation.

Flelix (Strobila) labyrinthica Say. Cedar Hammock; hammock
south of Manatee River, rather plentiful. Fossil also at the latter
locality.

Flelix (Hemitrochus) varians Menke. Key West.

Flelicodiscus lineata Say. Terraciea Island; Pine Level, in aswamp
in moss about the roots of trees.

Bulimulus multilineatus Say. Key West; dead shells, but many of
them large and in good condition. At Pine Key (Lower Keys) about
one hundred and twenty fine large specimens were collected from trees
and shrubs, at a few feet of elevation from the ground. All were at-
tached (they were collected in May) by a thick epiphragm. Torch
Key, a few dead shells. Mr. John Brown, of the U. S. Coast Survey
Schooner “Quick,” brought me about sixty living specimens from Cax-
onibas, of what seems to be a smaller, darker variety than those I
collected.

SIMPSON —CONTRIBU'TIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 67

Bulimulus dormant W. G. B. Several hundred dead shells were
found in the heavy hammock north of the Manatee River, in the winter
of 1884. ‘The following summer I found a number of the same species,
alive, at the above locatity, crawling on the under side of the leaves of
the cabbage palms. The animal is a beautiful porcelain color. Occa-
sionally found in other localities in Manatee County. I have the same
shell from Volusia County, from Mr. Cunningham.

Orthalicus undatus Brug. Key West. Dead shells of the typical
form were found near the city.

Orthalicus undatus, var. Cape Sable. The variety figured in Bin-
ney’s Manual of American Land Shells, p. 440, was found abundantly
on trees at Cape Sable. Many of these were so firmly attached by
the epiphragm that it was impossible to remove them without cutting
the bark from under them. Several were broken in attempting to twist
them off.

Liguns fasciatus Mull. Goodland Point; abundant. At this local-
ity a water bucketfull of this species was collected from the trees in a
few hours, in one of the most terribly tangled tropical thickets I ever
saw. They seemed to appear in greatest numbers during cloudy and
misty weather. On one such morning I found the trees and shrubs
full of them, but the mosquitoes and sand-flies, which take advantage
of such weather, were so intolerable that I was compelled to retreat.
The variety found here was either pure white, or slightly marked with
greenish or brown lines on the body whorl. At Cape Sable some of
the shells were marked with a broad spiral band of brilliant orange, and
on one shell the band was bright green. At Rabbit Key the variety
was found, having a wide brown band, and at Pine Key a very large
form, greatly elongated, with flattened whorls, and beautifully marked
with brown, green, blue, and purple, on a yellow ground, one of the
loveliest land shells I have ever seen. All these forms had the colu-
mella and tip of the spire stained with pink. At Pine Key one living
shell was found, of a chalky-white throughout, and having a single very
narrow Olive line on the body and next whorl, the columella being as
distinctly truncated as most of the African Achatinas. Liguns fasci-
atus 1s reported to me on good authority from as far north as Sanibel
Island, at the mouth of the Caloosahatchie.

Stenogyra gracillima Pfr. Key West. Found abundantly, mostly
dead, near high tide mark.

Stenogyra subula Pfr. Key West; about twen'y living examples.

Macroceramus pontificus Gld. Point Pinallis, on shell mound with
Flelix jejuna; Shaw’s Point.

Macroceramus gossei Pfr. Key West; Evans’ plantation.

Pupa fallax Say. Point Pinallis; long Key; Anna Maria and
Passage Keys.

Pupa rupicola Say. On shell mounds and in heavy hammocks;
abundant.

Pua armifera Say. Low hammock south of the Manatee River.

68 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Pupa contracta Say. With P. armifera, Manatee County; not rare.

Pupa pentodon Say. Old fields south of Manatee River; Magill’s
Mound, on Terraciea Island.

Pupa floridana Dall. Cedar Hammock, south of Manatee River.

Strophia incana Binn. Key West, abundant but mostly dead, on
lands occasionally overflowed by high tide; Torch Key; Pine Key
(Lower Keys). At the latter place thousands of living shells were
found, many on the ground among leaves and at the roots of trees, and
others on bushes with Budimulus multilineatus, though not often climb-
ing over four or five feet high.

Succinea luteola Gid. Ponds near Braidentown. Very abundant.

* Succinea effusa Shutt. Sumpter County, Cunningham.

Succinea campestris Say. Key West; keys in the vicinity of Tampa
Bay. Abundant.

Succinea obligua Say. , One fine shell from a pond near Fogartyville,
Manatee County, is identified as this by Mr. Dall, with certainty. I
believe this is the first time it has been reported with certainty from
Florida.

Succinea avara Say.? With the above two or three specimens, Mr.
Dall identifies them with doubt. The whorls are quite flat for that
species, but they agree better with figure and description of this than
anything in Binney’s Manual.

Veronicella floridana Binn. ‘Terraciea Island, around dwellings and
under lumber.

Auricula pellucens Menke. Evans’ plantation, on land occasionally
covered by high tide, abundant; Lost Man’s Point; mouth of Caloos-
ahatchie River; Torch Key, plentiful on low ground.

Carychium exiguum Say. Found living in a low wet hammock near
Palma Sola. Identified by Mr. Dall and Mr. C. F. Ancey. This is
the first time, I believe, that it has been reported from Florida.

Melampus flavus Gm. North side of Manatee River, in salt ponds.

Melampus lineatus Say. North side of Manatee River; Cedar Keys,
Upson.

Melampus lineatus, var. Both species and variety found with JZ.
flavus.

Melampus caffeus LL. Common. A very large and fine form was
obtained abundantly on mud flats near Magill’s Mound.

Melampus floridanus Shutt. Evans’ plantation, with Auricula pel-
luceus.

Melampus floridanus, var. An elongated form, which is probably a
variety of this, was found in salt ponds north of the Manatee River.
It somewhat resembles in form a small Detracia bulloides.

Melampus (Detracia) bulloides Mont. Wey West, abundant, though
mostly dead; Red-fish Point.

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TG THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 69

Tralia (Alexia?) minuscula Dall.

“Shell minute, smooth, yellowish white, with about five whorls beside
the minute, rounded, sinistral, half-immersed nucleus; spire moderately
elevated, pointed; sculpture of fine regular impressed lines, parallel
with the incremental striz; suture distinct; last whorl with nearly par-
allel sides, rounded and slightly attenuated base; columella stout,
strongly twisted, white, short, outer lip nearly straight, somewhat thick-
ened, especially anteriorly, not lirate or denticulate internally; body
with two revolving ridges, the posterior one fainter and placed in
advance of the middle of the whorl; a slight wash of callus on the
body; aperture about one-third as wide as the body whorl to the left
of it, pointed behind, rounded and slightly oblique in front. Soft parts
unknown.

“Lon. of shell, 3.8 mm.; of last whorl, 3.0 mm.; maximum diameter
of shell, 2.0 mm.

“This interesting little species was found in the wash of the beach at
Magill’s Bay, Tampa, by Mr. Simpson, in moss in a dried-up marsh near
Tampa, by Dr. Velie, and on the shores of the lagoon at Exuma Island,
Bahamas, by Dr. J. J. Brown, and by the U. S. Fish Commission in
1885. The soft parts are unknown, and its reference to 7radia is,
therefore, provisional only. It differs from Z7ralia, sensu stricto, as
typified by Zralia pusilla, in the absence of the wave and internal
ridge in outer lip. This, however, may be only a specific character.
At all events, it is without the internal liree of A/e/ampus, etc., and un-
til the character of the foot is known, may perhaps best be located in
the above-mentioned group.”

The above is Mr. Dall’s description of this species. Only three or
four specimens were found.

Pedipes naticoides Stearns. Beach at Magill’s Mound.

Pedipes elongatus Dall. I found the last three species occasionally
at the above locality, washed up in grass, with quantities of several
species of Zruncatella, Cerithium nigrescens and muscarum, Columbella
rustica, and a number of other small species.

Blauneria heteroclita Mont. With the above; rare.

Linnea humilis Say. ‘Terraciea Island; ponds south of the Mana-
tee River. Abundant. In the month of November, 1884, I found this
species with eggs deposited on the outside of their shells. Also found
near Tampa. Smaller and darker colored than those I have collected
in the Northern States.

Linnea columella Say., var. casta Lea. Pond near Fogartyville,
Manatee County.

Physa pomilia Conrad. Ponds in pine woods, Manatee County.
Physa heterostropha Say. Ponds, Terraciea Island.

Physa elliptica Lea. Pond near Fogartyville.

*Physa gyrina Say. Volusia County, Cunningham.

* Ameria scalaris Jay. Sumpter County, Cunningham.
Planorbis trivolvis Say. Ponds on Terraciea Island.

7° DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Planorbis tumidus Pfr. Ponds south of Manatee River; sluggish
stream in Cedar Hammock. A Cuban species also found in Mexico.

Planorbis Duryi Wetherby. Volusia County, Cunningham; Orange
County, Pilsbry; Royal Palm Hammock, associated with Ampullaria
caliginosa and Cyrenoida floridana, on a low wet prairie.

Planorbis exacutus, Say. Pine Level, Florida, in a swampy stream;
young.

*Planorbis glabratus Say. Mayport. Several beautiful shells were
received from Mr. F. C. Sawyer.

Ancylus filosus Con. Ponds near Fogartyville.

*Ancylus obscurus Hald. Ferguson’s Pass, Hemphill.

Siphonaria alternata Say. Key West.

Siphonaria alternata, var. brunnea Hanley. Key West; abundant
on rocks at high tide.

* Siphonaria lineolata D’Orb. St. Augustine, Hemphill; East coast,
Cunningham.

Dentalium disparile D’Orb. Dredged in seven or eight fathoms, in
Tampa Bay.

Dentalium lubricum Dall. Tortugas.

Dentalium antillarum D’Orb. Tortugas; dead shells.

Dentalium coarctatum Lam. Tampa Bay.

Rocellaria ovata Sby. Two specimens were found burrowing in
coral on Sand Key, Tortugas. One living example was dredged in
Tampa Bay. Another was found burrowing in the shell of Avca oe,
in Little Sarasota Pass.

Rocellaria rostrata Speng.? A living shell was accidentally broken
on being taken from its burrow in the rocks on Little Content Key,
which agrees quite well with the figure of this species.

Teredo norvegica Speng. Taken from timber in the Manatee River.

Xylotrya bipinnata Jeffr. Burrowing in lumber of the Floating Dry
Dock, Manatee River.

Pholas costata L. Although this is a West Indian shell (it extends
as far south as Patagonia), it seems to attain its greatest size and beauty
at Cedar Keys, so far as I have examined specimens from the Florida
coast. A shell from that locality in my collection is about eight inches
in length, and very beautiful. Those in the vicinity of Tampa Bay are
smaller, while at Cape Sable, where odd valves are washed up by the
thousand, I did not find one over five inches in length.

Pholas truncata Say. West coast, occasional valves; and quite
abundant at Cape Sable.

Martesia cuneiformis Say. A large number of shells were found by
Mr. R. C. Stuart, on the West coast, in a floating palmetto log. I
found shells at Long Key and Tortugas. Cedar Keys, Hemphill.

Martesia smithii Tryon. A fine shell was dug out of an old vessel
in the Manatee River.

SIMPSON— CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 71

Solecurtus gibbosus Speng. Manatee River, on sandy, muddy flats.
Solecurtus divisus Speng. West coast; common.

Solen viridis Say. Manatee River; Tampa and Sarasota Bays.
Saxicava (Paramya) subovata Con. Dredged in Tampa Bay.
Corbula swiftiana Ad. Red-fish Point; Tortugas.

Corbula nasuta Say. Dredged abundantly in Sarasota and Tampa
Bays.

Pandora trilineata Say. Something like one hundred and fifty living
specimens and a number of dead ones were dredged in Tampa Bay.
One or two valves were previously found washed ashore on Passage
Key. Mr. Dall supposed this to be a new species, but found, on re-
ferring to Say’s original figure and description, that it was the shell he
had named P. ¢rilineata, and that the heavy New England shell usually
called by that name is undescribed.

Pandora (Kennerlia) bushiana Dall.

Pandora (Kennerlia) bushiana Dall. Rep. Blake Moll. Bull. Mus.
Comp. Zool., XII., p. 312, September, 1886:

“Shell small, with the beaks very anterior; the anterior cardinal
margin marked with a sharp keel, cutting off an almost lineal area; the
margin descends from the beaks in a straight line, the basal curve com-
mencing suddenly at a rather obtuse angle, then following an even
curve, and slightly inflexed only near the posterior tip below the short,
square-ended rostrum; the shell very thin, the left valve somewhat con-
vex, the right one concave, both sculptured with silky concentric strie ;
the margins of the two valves coincident; beaks small, hardly rising
above the long convex arch of the posterior cardinal margin; the right
valve with a strong keel on its upper posterior margin, and no other
radiating sculpture, left valve with an impressed line from the beaks to
the base, a little behind them, but which does not indent the basal mar-
gin; there is also a sharp thread from the beak to the lower angle of
the rostrum; above this thread, as usual, the lines of growth are coarse.

“Ton. of shell, 11.5 mm.; of anterior portion, 2.0 mm.; height, 5.5
mm.; and diameter about 1.o mm.

“This species, which differs from all others of the group known to
me, in having the rostrum bent down instead of upward, and the pos-
terior cardinal margin convex instead of concave, was dredged alive in
six fathoms mud, Tampa Bay, Florida, by Mr. Charles T. Simpson.”

The above is Mr. Dall’s description of this new species, of which
some half-dozen or more specimens were obtained. It was sent to him
for determination, together with other small species.

Thracia rugosa Con. Long Key, one shell; mainland of Hondu-
ras, east coast, one shell. Mr. Dall thinks this may be Zhracia dic-
torta Mont.

Periploma angulifera Sby. Tortugas, one shell; Egmont Key,
several shells.

Lyonsia floridana Con. Common in Tampa Bay.

64* DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Venus flexuosa 1... Common at Terraciea Island, many shells beau-
tifully marked with zigzag lines.

Venus flexuosa, var. A dark brown-colored variety was found with
the above.

Venus mortoni Con. The common edible clam of Florida, some-
times growing to an immense size, and having very heavy shells. It is
usually found in shallow muddy bays, and is obtained by “treading out,”
though it is sometimes washed up from outer beaches. I have a pair
of shells which weigh five pounds.

Venus mortoni, var. fulgurans Tryon. ‘The shell thus named is
only a young form of the preceding, marked with chevron-shaped brown
lines, and sometimes very beautiful. ;

Venus cancellata Chem. West coast. In some places, notably at
Mullet Key, the worn valves of this species are thrown on shore by the
ton, yet it is rather rare as a living shell. I have never obtained it by
dredging in the open gulf, and have rarely seen normal pairs thrown up
on outer beaches.

Venus interpurpurea Con. Egmont Key; rare. Odd valves of
what seems to be this species were found on the mainland, east coast
of Honduras.

Venus pygmea Lam. Tortugas; dredged in Tampa Bay.

Venus pygmea Lam., var. ineguivalvis D’Orb. Tampa Bay; dredged
living in eight fathoms. Picked up dead and worn at Egmont Key and
the Tortugas.

Venus beaui Recl. ‘Tortugas.

*Venus paphia .. Odd valves were obtained by William Bahrt on
the south-east Keys.

Venus listeri Gray. Valves were found at Key West. A hal€dozen
fine pairs were obtained on sandy flats at the Marquesas Keys.

Venus granulata Gm. Valves, Tortugas.

Cytherea gigantea Gm. West coast; very common. A large and
beautiful shell.

Cytherea maculata \.. West coast; rather rare. A very handsome
species.

Cytherea convexa Say. A New England species, of which single
valves were picked up at Long Key.

Cytherea dione 1. Young, Tortugas.

Cytherea conradina Dall. Long Key, Sarasota Bay. This shell
varies a good deal, some forms being pure white, quite solid, and in-
flated, others with purple interior and zigzag markings on the outer sur-
face. Another form is somewhat flattened and drawn out, after the
manner of Venus flexuosa.

Cytherea circinata Born. A single young pair was found at Tortugas.

Cytherea hebrea am. ‘Tortugas.

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. O54

Cytherea (Trigona) incerta Rom. ‘Tortugas; one young shell.

Circe (Gouldia) cerina C. B. Ad. Dredged in Tampa Bay, and off
Horse and Chaise. Found on Egmont Key.

Dosinia elegans Con. Very abundant at Sanibel Island; occasion-
ally found elsewhere on the West coast; near Fernandina, F. C. Sawyer.

Dosinia Discus Reeve. Ihave a few shells of this species from the
West coast. It is known to extend from the Carolina coast to Vera
Cruz, Mexico.

Dosinia tenuis Dkr. Little Sarasota Key.

Cyrena floridana Con. A salt water species, usually rather rare on
the West coast, but abundant on sand flats at Terraciea Island.

Cyrena carolinensis Lam. Hillsborough River at Tampa; near Fer-
nandina, F. C. Sawyer; Manatee River; Braiden Creek, unusually
large and fine; Ware’s Creek. It is a brackish water species, so far as
I have seen. I have it from near Havana.

Spherium partumeium Say. Pond south of the Manatee River.
Identified by Mr. Ancey, with doubt. I have compared these shells
with those of the above named species from New York, and believe
they are both the same. :

Pisidium abditum Hald.? Brook near Fogartyville.

Pisidium sp. ind. Evans’ plantation.

Coralliophaga hornbeckiana D’Orb. Tortugas; scattered valves.

Cypricardia corallophaga Gm. ‘Tortugas; valves.

Cardium magnum Born. A magnificent shell, and one of the most
abundant bivalves on the West coast. I have it from near Fernandina.

Cardium isocardia L. West coast.

Cardium muricatum L. West coast.

Cardium bullatum \.. West coast; rare.

Cardium medium 1.. Occasional valves were found at Key West.
One valve in good condition was picked up on Egmont Key. ~°

Cardium petitianum D’Orb. Valves were found at Tortugas.

Levicardium mortoni Con. West coast, rather common; Red-fish
Point. Dredged in quantities, living, in the mouth of the Manatee
River, and in Sarasota and Tampa Bays; variable in size and coloring.

Levicardium serratum J, Marquesas Keys, several fine shells.

Levicardium levigatum L. Valves often washed up on the West
coast, but perfect pairs are rare.

Chama macrophylla Chem. Garden Key, Tortugas, on piling of an
old wharf, large and fine. Small shells are occasionally found on the
West coast.

Chama arcinella 1.. West coast.

Lucina lintea Con. Dredged in Manatee River; Terraciea Island;
Long Key.

660* DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Lucina sqguamosa Lam. Terraciea Island; Tampa Bay; Long
Key, etc.

Lucina floridana Con. West coast; abundant in Sarasota Bay.
Lucina tigrina L. Very abundant at the Marquesas, on sand flats.

Lucina jamaicensis Lam. West coast; found in Ware’s Creek and
Manatee River in immense numbers during very low tides.

Lucina pecten Lam. Sarasota Key; dredged in Tampa Bay.
Lucina pecten, yellow variety. Key West.
Lucina crenulata Con. Dredged in Sarasota and Tampa Bays.

Lucina trisulcata Con. Dredged in Tampa Bay; Red-fish Point;
Manatee River.

Lucina pennsylvanica VL. Tampa Bay, on sand flats; Marquesas
Keys; abundant.

Lucina tenut costata Con. ‘Tampa Bay.

Lucina costata D’Orb. ‘Tortugas.

Lucina quadrisulcata D’Orb. ‘Tortugas.

Lucina muricata Chem. Garden Key, Tortugas.

Cyrenoida floridana Dall. One pair at Long Key; Royal Palm
Hammock, on the borders of the everglades, on a wet prairie, with
Ampullaria calliginosa and Planorbis duryi; rather plentiful. This
prairie lay just above the level of ordinary tide, and is probably occa-
sionally submerged with brackish water.

Diplodonta candeana D’Orb. ‘Tortugas.

Diplodonta semiaspera Phil. ‘Tortugas; dredged in Tampa Bay.

Diplodonta soror C. B. Ad. ‘Tortugas, valves washed ashore.

Loripes edentula V.. Odd valves are very abundant, washed up on
the West coast. Perfect shells are rare. ;

Lasea rubra Mont. ‘Tortugas; one pair.

Lepton bowmani Holmes. ‘Tortugas.

Lepton fabagella Con. West coast, scattered valves; Little Sarasota
Key, \ete:

Crassatella lunulata Con. Dredged alive, abundantly, near the
mouth of the Manatee, and off Casey’s Pass. Found dead, washed
ashore on Egmont and Passage Keys. Mr. Dall believes this to be
Gouldia mactracea Vinsley.

Parastarte triguetra Con. This beautiful but minute shell was found
occasionally around Tampa Bay, and was dredged in Sarasota Bay.

Cardita floridana Con. Long Key; lagoon at Magill’s Mound, very
large and abundant.

Cardita floridana, var. A pure white variety was obtained at the
latter locality.

Venericardia perplana Con. One or two dead shells were found on
Egmont Key. Several living shells were dredged at the mouth of the

SIMPSON — CONTRIBUTIONS TG THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 67=

Manatee River, with the next. In old specimens the outer edge of the
shell is sometimes greatly thickened. It goes to Cape Hatteras, and is
there found fossil.

Pleuromeris tridentata (Say.) Con. Dredged living, abundantly, at
the mouth of the Manatee. Occasionally found dead, washed up on
Kgmont.

* Unio aheneus Lea. Palatka, J. B. Upson; Gainesville, S. H. Wright.

* Unio aguilus Lea. Palatka, Upson.

Unio buckleyi Lea. Miakka Upper Lake, Manatee County, abun-
dant and variable. A smaller and more inflated form was received from
Mr. Cunningham, from Sumpter County.

* Unio blandingianus Lea. Gaylor Creek, Brevard County, Cun-
ningham; Florida, without locality, Mr. William A. Marsh.

* Unio buddianus \.ea. Orange County, Mr. Harry A. Pilsbry.

Unio concavus Lea. Miakka Upper Lake; East Florida, Cunning-
ham; Orange County, Pilsbry.

* Unio cunninghami Wright. Volusia County, Cunningham; same
locality, Pilsbry. Very close to forms of U. duckleyz.

* Unio floridensis Lea. Volusia County, Cunningham.

Unio fuscatus Lea. Very abundant in Horse Creek, Manatee
County; Sumpter County, Cunningham. Received from other corres-
pondents from various parts of the state. It appears to be a very com-
mon species. ’

Unio hebes Lea. Dry Branch, emptying into Ware’s Creek, Manatee
County. This little drain in the pine woods only contained water
during the wettest part of the rainy season, not over three months in
the year, yet in it I found thousands of living specimens, and a few
which Mr. Marsh has identified as U. dzssellianus Lea. They were
only found along an extent of some ten or a dozen rods, and often dug
out of dry sand; not a specimen was taken out either above or below
this limit. Some of these which were taken out and laid in the grass in
a sunny place, survived over three months without a drop of water.

Unio jewettii Lea. Miakka Upper Lake, Manatee County. U.
jewettit, U. blundingianus, and U. hebes are close species, but I have
always been able to separate them.

Unio nigrinus Lea. Horse Creek, Manatee County; Orange
County, Pilsbry.

* Unio ocmulgeensis Lea. Lake Beresford, S. H. Wmght.
Unio paulus Lea. Horse Creek, Manatee County.

* Unio lepidus Gould. Lake Beresford, Wright.

* Unio obesus Lea. Lake Beresford, Wright.

Unio sudus Vea. Miakka Upper Lake, Manatee County.
Unio vesicularis ea. Horse Creek, Manatee County.

* Unio rostriformis Lea. Florida, without locality, Upson.

68* DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

* Unio modioliformis \.ea. Florida, without locality, Upson.
Unio bissellianus Vea. Dry Branch, with Unio hebes, Manatee
County.

Anodonta couperiana Lea. Miakka Upper Lake, Manatee County,
young; Orange County, Pilsbry, adult.

Nucula eborea Con.? Dredged in Tampa Bay. Odd valves found
in several localities in the vicinity of Tampa Bay.

Leda jamaicensis D’'Orb. Dredgedin Tampa Bay. Occasional odd
valves found elsewhere.

*Arca pexata Say. East coast, near Fernandina, F. C. Sawyer.

* Arca incongrua Say. East coast, near Fernandina, Sawyer; South-
East Keys, Bahrt.

Arca domingensis Lam. ‘Tortugas Reefs, under stones, at low tide.
Probably equal to A. gradata Brod., and donaciformis Reeve.

Arca transversa Say. Marquesas Keys; South-East Keys, Bahrt.

Arca deshayesii Stm. Key West.

Arca floridana Con. West coast, common, especially at Sanibel
Island. Great quantities of young living shells were dredged in the
Gulf of Mexico, near Gasparilla Pass.

Arca fusca Brug. Tortugas Reefs.

Arca imbricata Lam. ‘Tortugas Reefs; Garden Key, among corals,

Arca gradata Brod. ‘Tortugas.

Arca candida Chem. Several fine shells of this variety were taken
on the Tortugas Reefs, at low water.

Arca no@ \.. West coast; not rare.

Arca noe, var. americana D’Orb. Tortugas; sometimes partially
burrowing in rocks, at low tide. I have also found A. imbricata bur-
rowing in rock and coral.

Arca barbadensis Pet., var. ‘Tortugas.

Arca modiola Poli.? Rare. A few valves of this were found at “The
Rocks,” near Little Sarasota Pass.

Arca ponderosa Say. West coast; common. It is probable that
when the West Indian Arcas are more thoroughly studied and the syn-

onomy is unravelled, the number of species in the above list may be
somewhat reduced.

Pectunculus castaneus Lam. ‘Tortugas.
Pectunculus pectinatus Lam. Dredged at the mouth of the Manatee,

in great abundance; young. Adult shells occasionally found at Egmont;
fossil on Terraciea Island.

Mytilus exustus D’Orb. Key West; Havana, Cuba. A beautiful
shell.

Mytilus cubitus Say. ‘Tampa and Sarasota Bays. Abundant among
oysters, and in Vermetus nigricans.

SIMPSON—CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. 69*

Mytilus domingensis D’Orb. Among oysters, Tampa and Sarasota
Bays.

Mytilus hamatus Say. Manatee River. Abundant in brackish water,
among oysters.

Mytilus lavalleanus D’Orb. Key West.

Modiola papyria Con. Rare. ‘Terraciea Bay, washed up on south
side of the island; one large, broken shell in Terraciea Cut-off; south
side of Manatee River, near Manatee, after a storm; Lost Man’s
Point. An exceedingly lovely and fragile shell. It is 17. patagne Reeve.

Modiola sulcata Reeve. West coast, occasionally; salt pond on Ter-
raciea Island; coast of Volusia County, Cunningham, large and firm.

Modiola semicostata Con. West coast; very common among man-
groves, at high tide, nearly buried in the earth, and firmly moored by a
byssus.

Modiola tulipa LL. West coast; abundant. ‘There seems to be two
forms of this shell on the West coast, one large, hirsute, and beautifully
painted with yellow, orange, scarlet, and brown, the colors showing
through to the interior; the common form received from the West
Indies and Bermudas, and a smaller shell shaded with blue and vidlet,
and smoother.

Lithodomus bisulcatus D’Orb. Found living in blocks of Vermetus,
on Long Key.

Lithodomus forficatus Rav. Found burrowing in living shells of
Chama macrophylla, and in coral, Tortugas.

Lithodomus niger Orb. In coral, Tortugas.

Botula semen Reeve. In coral, Tortugas; Little Content Key.

Modiolaria cinnamomea Brug. ‘Tortugas; scattered valves.

Modiolaria lateralis Say. Floating in Magill’s and Tampa Bays, im-
bedded in A/ge.

Modiolaria lignea Reeve. A few shells of this fine species were found
washed up on Shaw’s Point, at the mouth of the Manatee River, and
one specimen was taken alive on a sand-bar in Tampa Bay, near by;
Tortugas, one shell. Not hitherto reported from the west coast of
Florida.

Dreissensia leucopheata Con. Ware’s Creek, Manatee County, be-
tween brackish and fresh water, attached to crevices of stones.

Avicula atlantica Lam. West coast. Often attached to floating
Alce. :

Avicula radiata Veach. ‘Tortugas; Florida Keys; West coast;
abundant on Sanibel Island. Very variable.

Avicula ala-perdicis Reeve. Tortugas, on piling; very large and
fine. It may be a form of the preceding.

Perna ephippium 1.. Tortugas; one large valve. It is common at
the Bahamas and Bermudas.

7o* DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Perna obliqua Lam. Key West; abundant in crevices of rocks, be-
tween tides; Loggerhead Key. A very curious variety was found at
the Tortugas and Key West, with attenuated valves, striped and varie-
gated with ash and brown, quite different from the small black form
found in crevices of rocks.

Pinna seminuda Lam. West coast. Sometimes thrown up on the
outer beaches of the West coast by thousands, during a storm. Less
common than the next.

Pinna muricata L.. West coast, with P. seminuda, and in sheltered
bays. On the inside of the outer Keys, I have often found it moored
powerfully in a vertical position to a valve of Venus mortoni, and nearly
buried in the sand and mud. In this position, the ends of its sharp
ragged valves are dangerous to the barefooted shell collector.

Pinna carnea Gm. Florida Keys; rare. A few living specimens
were taken at Tortugas, moored in the same manner as P. muricata,
and one or two at the Marquesas Keys.

Spondylus croceus Chem. West coast; occasional valves. I have
a splendid pair from the South-East Keys, from Capt. William Bahrt.

Spondylus spathuliferus Sby. West coast; odd valves. Severa!
living shells were taken from piling at the Tortugas.

Plicatula ramosa Lam. West coast. Occasionally washed ashore
in great numbers. Very variable.

Lima scabra Born. Tortugas; Bird Key, on ccrals, at low water.
The animal is a brilliant orange scarlet.

Lima squamosa Lam. Bird Key; Tortugas. Animal purplish crim-
son.

Lima tenera Chem. One living specimen was found at Tortugas,
with the other two species, and one was dredged in Tampa Bay. Ani-
mal scarlet. These are all beautiful objects when taken alive, the bril-

liant mantle showing with fine effect as the animal opens and closes its
shell.

Pecten fuscopurpureus Con. Shell variable in form and color, rang-
ing from scarlet to dark purple. West coast.

Pecten antillarum Recl. Tortugas; Key West.

Pecten imbricatus Gm. On corals, Bird Key; Tortugas, at low
water, with the next species.

Pecten ornatus lam. Key West; Garden and Bird Keys, Tortugas.

Pecten ornatus, var. A large purplish variety was found in the fort
at Key West.

Pecten hemicyclica Rav. Odd valves were rarely picked up on the

West coast. I have a pair from the South-east coast, given me by
William Bahrt.

Pecten exasperatus Sby. Young living shells were dredged in Tampa
Bay, also off Horse and Chaise.

SIMPSON CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MOLLUSCA OF FLORIDA. ye

Pecten nodosus 1. Odd valves very rarely found washed up on the
West coast. Normal pairs are seldom found, and are held at an extrav-
agant price by local collectors.

Pecten dislocatus Say, West coast; Long Key. Several varieties.
A small brilliant scarlet specimen was dredged in Tampa Bay, and I
have a large pair from Long Key, which are a bright orange and brown.

Pecten nucleus Born. There can be but little doubt that this and
P. dislocatus belong to the same species. After a storm I picked up,
on the lower end of Anna Maria Key, over a hundred pairs of 2.
nucleus, which exhibited among them every pattern of coloring found
in either. There were pure white shells, specimens variegated with
white, orange, brown, and purple, others a uniform brown, and ashy,
dotted with white; still others were pink, scarlet, purple, and various
shades. As the young shells of ?. dslocatus are thinner and less inflated
than these, I am inclined to regard this rather as a small race than the
young of that species, as has been surmised.

Anomia glabra Verrill. West coast; inhabiting dead shells. On
one occasion I found millions of these fragile shells washed up, in per-
fect condition, on the upper end of Anna Maria Key. I have it from
the east coast of Florida.

Ostrea virginica Gm. Everywhere common in bays and brackish
water.

Ostrea equestris Say. Sarasota Bay.
Ostrea parasitica Lam. Tortugas; Honduras.

Lingula pyramidata Stimp. <A few living specimens were dug out
at Long Key, on the inner shore, at dead low tide, in a bank of mud
and shells, in the winter of 1884. They were moored to shells, the
pedicel extending down several inches in the mud, while the animal
itself was found near the surface. I have found a few detached valves
elsewhere on the West coast. It is found at Norfolk, Virginia, and on
the coast of North Carolina, and is reported from Cedar Keys by Mr.
Hemphill. It is the Z. avtillarum of Reeve.

ADDENDA.

Murex salleanus A. Ad. A species of JZurex found on the West
coast somewhat commonly, and which I have had repeatedly identified
for me as above, is probably a form of JZ. rufus Lam. Mr. Tryon
states that WZ. salleanus is probably synonymous with JZ. pomum Gm.,
but this is certainly an error. JZ. rufus has been erroneously called JZ.
adustus Lam.

fydrobia monroensis Frau. According to Mr. Pilsbry, the little
shells from Hillborough River which are called Amnicola floridana
Frau.,in this paper, are not an Ammzicola, at all, but are Hydrodia mon-
roensis.

72* DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Succinea avara Say. From a pond near Braidentown. Is more
likely S. ovalis Say.

Natica sagraiana D’Orb. Several shells were found at Tortugas.

Gundlachia ancyliformis Pfr. Three shells of this Cuban species
were found in a hammock near Palma Sola.

Natica (semisulcata Gray, var.?) Fordiana, n. s.

Shell small, conic globose, white and shining throughout; whorls
well rounded, plicately striate below the suture, where they are encircled
by about six faint linear sulcalions, giving the spire and upper part of
the body whorl a slightly decussated appearance ; suture well impressed ;
umbilicus open, bounded by a sulcus; columella only slightly callously
thickened; operculum corneous. J.ength.4o inches; diam. .30 inches.

Some twenty or thirty specimens of this fine little species were taken
alive on sand-flats in Sarasota Bay, during a severe norther, in a locality
laid bare only by heavy storms. I take great pleasure in, naming it
in honor of my friend, Mr. John Ford, of the Academy of Natural
Sciences, of Philadelphia, who compared the shells of this type with the
NVaticas of the Academy’s collection, and determined it to be new. It
belongs to the subgenus Zunatza.

CALL — FISHES OF THE OZARK REGION. 73

MEMORANDA ON A COLLECTION OF FISHES
FROM THE OZARK REGION
OF MISSOURI.

BY R. ELLSWORTH CALL.

(Read before the Academy, May 27th, 1887.)

TuE collection upon which these notes are based was made during
a portion of the months of June and July, 1886. The major portion of
the collection, which comprised, all told, several thousand specimens,
was obtained in the West Fork of the Black River and its smaller trib-
utaries, Reynolds County; and in Jack’s Fork and its tributaries,
Shannon County —the Jack’s Fork system being tributary to the Cur-
rant River. A smaller proportion of the material was taken in the
Piney River, Texas County, a tributary to the Gasconade. A very
small collection was made, in early June, in the Meramec River, Dent
County, a tributary to the Mississippi. It will therefore be seen that,
with the exception of the two last-named localities, the material comes
from the southern drainage of the Ozark Mountains. While present-
ing nothing new to science in the way of species, the collection is
nevertheless valuable as throwing some light upon the icthyc fauna of a
region hitherto unexplored, as well as adding something to our knowl-
edge of the geographical distribution of certain forms.

The character of the streams in which the collections were made is
worthy of mention. Without exception, the streams on the southern
slope were limpid, cold, and rapidly-flowing, with rocky and pebbly
beds. Occasionally only were long reaches of comparatively still
water, with muddy bottom, to be found. Collecting under these cir-
cumstances was difficult, and rendered doubly so by the small size of
the seine employed. Hence it was that but few of the larger forms of
fish were obtained, the major portion being shallow-water and top-
swimming species.

The region is sparsely settled, and the fish appear to be little dis-
turbed, and then only are those forms which attain a maximum size
the quest of residents. Nearly all the fish secured by the local
sportsmen are taken by the process of “gigging,” a process withal
which requires no little experience and skill. The species chiefly
taken in that manner are the small-mouthed black-bass (MWicropterus

[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 10 [Dec. 20, 1887. ]

74 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

dolomieu, Lacepede), channel-cat (Jcfalurus punctatus, Rafinesque),
common red-horse, or mullet (Moxostoma macrolepidotum, Ve Seuer),
and the pickerel (Zsox vermiculatus, Le Seuer)— locally called “moun-
tain-trout.” Each of these forms is very abundant, the bass and pick-
erel apparently exceeding the remaining two in numbers.

To Dr. D. S. Jordan, of Indiana University, my thanks are espe-
cially due for his courtesy in examining and identifying the major por-
tion of these species, and in the verification of others. Examples of
most of the species, from many of the localities named, may be seen
in the museum of the Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, and
in the United States National Museum, Washington.

REGISTER OF SPECIES.

1. ICrALURUS PUNCTATUS, Rafinesque. (134.) *
Piney River, Texas County. Not seen in the streams of the south-
ern slope, though it doubtless occurs in them.

2. CATOSTOMUS TERES, Mitchell. (170.)

Jack’s Fork, Shannon County; Tom’s Creek, tributary to West Fork
of the Black River, Reynolds County. [See Jordan’s Catalogue for
notes on the relation of this form to C. commersoni, and the use of the
name /eres.] The specimens taken were none of them over one-third
grown.

3. HyPERTELIUM NIGRICANS, Le Seuer. (171.)
Tom’s Creek, Reynolds County; Meramec River, Dent County.
Only young specimens taken.

4. MOxOSTOMA MACROLEPIDOTUM, Le Seuer. (185.)

West Fork Black River, Reynolds County; Jack’s Fork, Shannon
County; Meramec River, Dent County; Big Creek and Piney River,
Texas County. This attractive sucker is very abundant throughout
the interior of the continent. Very fine and large examples have been
taken in the Des Moines and Raccoon Rivers, in central lowa. It
appears to be equally at home in the sluggish streams, characteristic of
prairie regions, and in the clear and rapid streams of the mountains.
It is largely used as a food-fish throughout the Mississippi Valley.

5. CAMPOSTOMA ANOMALUM, Rafinesque. (196.)
This most curious fish is exceedingly abundant in every stream in
which collections were made. Unlike certain other fishes of wide dis-

* The numbers in parenthesis are those prefixed to the species given in Jordan’s ‘‘ Catalogue
of the Fishes known to Inhabit the Waters of North America, North of the Tropic of Cancer,”
Washington, 15855.

CALL — FISHES OF THE OZARK REGION. 715

tribution —e. g., Etheostoma ceruleum spectabile— the very great varia-
tions which it presents are those of form and size, rather than of colora-
tion. The differences between the sexes are marked, and especially so
are those between the young and old males. Drs. Jordan and Gilbert
have called attention to these features in their admirable “Synopsis of
the Fishes of North America.” * This species was, with the possible
exception of the following form, the most abundant fish with which
we met.

6. CHROSOMUS ERYTHROGASTER, Rafinesque. (202.)

West Fork Black River and Tom’s Creek, Reynolds County; Sink-
ing Creek, Spring Valley Creek, and Jack’s Fork, Shannon County.
In the smaller brooks and streams this beautiful cyprinoid was espe-
cially abundant. The very brilliant hues so ‘characteristic of the species
varied from pure white, on the ventral aspect, through all shades of
coloration to bright yellow, orange, and red. In one locality particu-
larly, in a mere rill tributary to Sinking Creek, the seine when landed
presented a leaping mass of almost indescribable beauty of coloration.

. Hundreds of this richly-colored dace were taken at this locality — the

richest found during the period of exploration. The males appear to
be in the excess in point of numbers.

7. DIONDA NUBILA, Forbes. (212.)

Tom’s Creek, Reynolds County, and Piney River, Texas County.
This form was described as A/burnops nubilus, from the Rock River,
Illinois. It was placed in CZio/a by Jordan and Gilbert in their “Syn-
opsis,” and finally, for reasons stated by Jordan in “Catalogue,” p. 21,
note 1, placed in Dionda. ‘The genus, as now limited, “is character-
istic of the Rio Grande region.” ‘The species is the most northerly one
of the group. It was rare in our collections in Missouri.

8. HYBOGNATHUS MEEKI? Jordan and Gilbert. (214.)

Several specimens from the West Fork of Black River, Reynolds
County, and Jack’s Fork, Shannon County, appear to be this species.
It is not an abundant form in this locality, and does not appear in
the collections made at any other points. It is said by the discov-
erers to be “abundant in the Ozark region of Missouri and Arkansas.”
From this circumstance our identification may be erroneous.

9. HyBOGNATHUS NUCHALIS, Agassiz. (216.)
Piney River, Texas County, and Meramec River, Dent County.
Two specimens only were taken.

* Bulletin U. S. Nat. Mnseum, XVI., 1882.

76 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

to. Norropis DELIcIosus, Girard. (233.)
Rare in Piney River, Texas County.

11. NOTROPIS NOTATUS, Girard. (258.)

This species was very abundant in each of the following localities:
West Fork of Black River and Tom’s Creek, Reynolds County; Jack’s
Fork, Spring Valley Creek, Barren Creek, and Sinking Creek, Shannon
County; Piney River, Texas County.

12, NOTROPIS GALACTURUs, Cope. (262.)

This species occurred in sparing numbers in Jack’s Fork, and in large
numbers in Spring Valley Creek, Shannon County. This is the most
westerly and southerly locality yet recorded for this species. Indeed,
I am not aware that it has hitherto been reported from west of the
Mississippi. Its bright steel-blue color, when moving rapidly about in
the midst of schools of minnows, makes it a conspicuous object in the
clear mountain streams which it inhabits.

13. NoTROPIS MEGALOPS, Rafinesque. (273.)

This form occurred in every stream in which collections were made.
It is a singularly variable fish—some of its variations having received
sub-specific or varietal designations. It is described by Jordan and
Gilbert in “Synopsis,” pp. 186-187, under the name of Minnilus
cornutus, Mitchell.

14. NOTROPIS ZONATUS, Agassiz. (275.)
Abundant in all streams examined on both slopes.

15. NOTROPIS SCABRICEPS, Cope. (287.)

West Fork of Black River and Barren Creek, Reynolds County;
Jack’s Fork and Spring Valley Creek, Shannon County. This form
and the two following occurred rarely. Of the three, this is the most
generally distributed over the region explored.

16. NOTROPIS UMBRATILIS, Girard. (297.)

Spring Valley Creek, Shannon County. This is a little-known
species, and occurred to us only in this single locality. It was origin-
ally described from the Arkansas River.

17. NOTROPIS MICROPTERYX, Cope. (31I.)

This form occurred rarely in Spring Valley Creek, Shannon County.
It is another of those mountain species now for the first time credited
to the region west of the Mississippi. It was described from the
“head-waters of the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers.”

CALL — FISHES OF THE OZARK REGION. fia!

18. SEMOTILUS ATROMACULATUS, Mitchell. (347.)

West Fork of Black River, Tom’s Creek, and Barren Fork, Rey-
nolds County; Spring Valley Creek, Shannon County; Big Creek,
Texas County; Meramec River, Dent County. ‘This is a very com-
mon chub in all streams, specimens of maximum size occurring in
most localities where collections were made. The tubercles of the
males had not all been lost in late June.

19. FUNDULUS CATENATUS, Storer. (569.)

This cyprinodont was very common in all streams on the south
slope of the Ozarks, in all localities visited. It is another of those
forms which were originally described from the mountain streams of
the Alleghanies. The highly-colored caudal fins of the larger males
were an especially attractive feature of the schools when swimming
near the surface. They are powerful swimmers, often springing clear
of the seine when brought near the banks for drawing. Especially
large and fine specimens were taken in Jack’s Fork.

20. ZYGONECTES NOTATUS, Rafinesque. (576.)

West Fork of Black River, Reynolds County, and Jack’s Fork,
Shannon County. Quite rare in the collections made in these streams,
and all taken evidently males.

21. EsoxX VERMICULATUS, Le Seuer. (598.)

Sinking Creek, Spring Valley Creek, and Jack’s Fork, Shannon
County. This species, which is locally called “mountain-trout,” and
occasionally “pike,” is abundant in all of the larger streams in the
mountains of Missouri. It delights to quietly loiter in the shelter of
the pads of the pond-lily and in the shadows of the dense masses of
Potamogeton, a few inches below the surface of the water. Motionless,
in such situations, it awaits the coming of the unwary minnow, when,
quicker than thought, it darts upon its prey, and, while you look,
slowly sinks from sight. There is no apparent motion of fin or tail,
but, ere you realize it, the “ravenous beauty” is gone. Its coming
to the surface is as motionless and unexpected. Happening upon a
favored locality, a somewhat deep expansion of Spring Valley Creek,
upon the surface of which were dense growths of pond-weeds, with
occasional clear spaces, one could, at any time during the early even-
ing, see a half-dozen rising slowly to the surface. It was not long
before we learned how dainty a supper a well-directed rifle-shot would
provide. Sending the bullet a few inches under the waiting fish
would throw him a yard out of the water, and before he recovered

78 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

from the shock he was seized. Neither this species nor the black-bass
would take the hook, though ever so temptingly dangled in his very
face; but the rifle, used by the botanist of the party as above de-
scribed, supplied our table with “the best the streams had in stock.”

22. AMBLOPLITES RUPESTRIS, Rafinesque. (845.)

While this species occurred in the collections in only the West Fork
of Black River, Reynolds County, and in Spring Valley Creek and
Jack’s Fork, Shannon County, it no doubt occurs in every stream in
the region traversed.

23. LEPoMIs MEGALOTIS, Rafinesque. (864.)
Jack’s Fork, Shannon County.

24 MICROPTERUS DOLOMIEU, Lacepede. (877.)

This species was very abundant in all the streams visited. In the
deeper portions of the clear, large streams, resting near the bottom,
and motionless, could sometimes be seen a score or more full-grown
specimens. Nothing could induce them to take the hook, nor were
they easily alarmed. At this season of the year they appeared to
move in schools, and when one was seen others were sure to be found
in the immediate neighborhood. This form makes nests by bringing
to a single point piles of pebbles and cobblestones, the river bottom,
in favorable localities, presenting many such piles. The small-mouthed
black-bass is sometimes called “trout” in Southern Missouri, but that
name was more often applied to the pickerel, while the name “perch,”
for this form, appeared to be more commonly employed.

25. BOLEOSOMA OLMSTEDI OZARCANUM, Jordan and Gilbert. (885¢.)

Jack’s Fork, Shannon County, and Big Creek, Texas County. ‘This
very beautiful little darter occurred abundantly in Big Creek. It was
much more rare at the other locality.

26. DIPLESION BLENNIOIDES, Rafinesque. (894.)

Jack’s Fork and Sinking Creek, Shannon County; West Fork of
Black River, Reynolds County. This species, usually abundant, oc-
curred but rarely in our collections. The range of coloration is
exceedingly variable, though green predominates. However, the Sink-
ing Creek specimens presented but a modicum of that color, the domi-
nating shade being yellow, with black or greenish-black sparsely-
distributed blotches. A single specimen from Jack’s Fork is almost
entirely black, with hardly a suspicion of green. This specimen, too,
was the largest taken, measuring fully five and one-fourth inches.

CALL — FISHES OF THE OZARK REGION. 79

27. ETHEOSTOMA PUNCTULATUM, ‘Agassiz. (933.)
Occurred but once only, in a small stream tributary to Big Creek, in
Texas County.

28. ETHEOSTOMA CCERULEUM SPECTABILE, Agassiz. (9360.)

West Fork of Black River, and Barren Creek, Reynolds County;
Sinking Creek and Spring Valley Creek, Shannon County, and Big
Creek, Texas County. ‘This pretty darter occurred abundantly in each
of the above localities. Its favorite haunt appeared to be in the shal-
low and muddier portions of small brooks and streams, where it found
ready refuge under submerged leaves. In such localities it was ob-
tained in the greatest abundance, especially when the lead-line scraped
over the bottom, carrying quantities of leaves and other vegetable
debris into the seine. In its brilliant coloration it presents a most
infinite diversity, though many specimens are almost entirely black.

29. URANIDEA RICHARDSONI, Agassiz. (1320.)

Abundant in all streams, and especially so in Big Creek, Texas
County. The remarks on the coloration of the preceding forms are
equally applicable here. It is protective in a high degree, and only
the closest scrutiny enables one to distinguish the fish in its native ele-
ment. ‘There is nothing brilliant in their coloration, but a great variety
of sombre hues predominate.

The following species were taken later in the season, in October and
November, 1886, in Bear and Hinkson Creeks, two characteristic
prairie streams in Boone County, near Columbia. They are introduced
here because so little is known concerning, not alone the geographic
distribution of Missouri fishes, but also so little concerning what species
occur in the State. In these two streams, in this locality, though the
bottom is rocky, the water is turbid and sluggish:

1. CATOSTOMUS TERES, Mitchell. (170.) Hinkson Creek.
2. NoruRus EXILIS, Nelson. (88.) Hinkson Creek.

3. CAMPOSTOMA ANOMALUM, Rafinesque. (196.) Bear and Hinkson
Creeks.

4. LEPOMIS CYANELLUS, Rafinesque. (853.) Bear and Hinkson
Creeks.

5. ILEPOMIS HUMILIS, Rafinesque. (868.) Bear Creek; abundant.

6. BOLEOSOMA OLMSTEDI OZARCANUM, Jordan and Gilbert. (885¢.)
Bear Creek.

fe) DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

7. PIMEPHALES NOTATUS, Rafinesque. (219.) Abundant in Bear
Creek.

8. PIMEPHALES PROMELAS, Rafinesque. (218.) Bear Creek.

9. NOTROPIS DELICIOSUS MISSOURIENSIS, Jordan and Gilbert. (233-)
Bear Creek; abundant.

10. SEMOTILUS ATROMACULATUS, Mitchell. (347.) Bear Creek.
11. PHENACOBIUS MIRABILIS SCOPIFER, Cope. (316.) Bear Creek.
12. PoMOXYS ANNULARIS, Rafinesque. (842.) Bear Creek ; abundant.

13. MoxosTOMA MACROLEPIDOTUM, Le Seuer. (185.) Hinkson
Creek.

STARR — IOWA THUNDER-STORMS. SI

IOWA THUNDER-STORMS—NOTES FOR THE
SUMMER OF 1887.

BY FREDERICK STARR, PH.D.

(Read before the Academy, December 2d, 1887.)

Tuis report is very faulty. I present it, however, with the hope that
the material it contains may not be entirely without value, and that
some one, better qualified for the work than I am, may be led to under-
take the study for another season.

These notes cover the three months from June rst to September rst.
In the spring, a circular, with sample blank enclosed, was sent to such
persons as I believed would be interested in the work. Favorable re-
plies were received from about seventy persons. More than half of
that number have really reported. It can readily be appreciated that
so small a number cannot properly report so large an area. It is hoped
that a larger corps of workers may be secured for another season. A
list of observers who have actually reported follows:

Avey, O. H., Oskaloosa. Moulton, M. M., Monticello.
Baur, George, Middle River P. O. Mulford, A. M., New Providence.
Bennett, T. W.,. Lenox. Norelius, A., Kiron.

Boyd, Joseph, Oskaloosa. Olds, H. D., Cedar Rapids.
Brackett, A. G., Denmark. Payne, Wm. D., Tabor.
Brainard, D. W., Grinnell. Perkins, C. G., Onawa.
Brown, Caleb, Sac City. Pratt, W. H., Davenport.
Brown, W. J., Emmetsburg. Prinelle, H. W., Ft. Dodge.
Coffey, W. T., Marion. Raymond, H. F., Waterloo.
Collin, Alonzo, Mt. Vernon. Reeves, M. L., Seney.
Crosby, James O., Garnavillo. Renfrew, H. N., Bancroft.
Dean, Mrs. Seth, Glenwood. Rice, Charles, Smithland.
Dysart, Joseph, Dysart. Rice, Wilbur F., Adair.
Elder, J. M., Concord. Roberts, Luke, Clinton.

Ellis, G. M., Emmetsburg. Sawyer, C. N., Orange City.
Hunter, G. F., Hawarden. Schadt, Conrad, Amana.
Koontz, Alph., Albia. Sears, P. W., Moravia.
Lahman, V. M., Wiota. Sheldon, S. G. F., Davenport.
Larrabee, Rachel, McGregor. Smith, H. D., Monticello.
Lewis, Melissa, Audubon. Vogeli, Ad., Des Moines.
Marks, T., Hopkinton. Walton, I. P., Muscatine.
Marshall, Gregory, Cresco. Ward, William, Algona.
McCready, Miss L. A., Ft. Madison. Wheeler, I. J., Monona.
Meeker, Roy, Marshalltown. Winchester, E. D., Stacyville.
Miller, Edwin, Auburn. Witte, Max E., Mt. Pleasant.
Mitchell, L. E., Brush Creek. Wood, John A., Rock Branch.
Moore, W. W., Gillett. Wuest, Peter, Homestead.

To all of these we give hearty thanks.

[Proo. D. A. N.S8., Vol. V.] 1 {March 15, 1888. }

82 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Not only is the number of reporters inadequate, but the reports are
not always exact in the matter of time. This is of great importance,
as errors in time records render it impossible to properly combine ob-
servations in making up the history of the storm. Some reports are
valueless, on account of not being dated. The reports would be of
much greater value with temperature observations and barometric read-
ings. New blanks should have spaces for these, although all observers
may not be able to make such record.

The circular and blanks were copied after those used by the signal
service in 1886. They read as follows:

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.
THUNDER-STORM OBSERVATIONS IN IOWA.
M ‘ , lowa.

DEAR Sir: Knowing youto be interested in meteorology, from your being a
, 1 address this note to you, asking if you will not undertake to report all
thunder-storms occurring at your locality during this season, from June 1 to
September 1. Certain suggestions follow. The fuller the report the better,
though all the questions absolutely necessary to answer are on the enclosed
blank.

Count storms six hours or more apart as different storms.

Note the time of first thunder, last thunder, and loudest thunder.

Note direction from which the storm comes, and that to which it goes.

The “scale” of intensity of storm is: 1. Distant lightning. 2. Distant
thunder. 3. Moderate thunder-storm. 4. Heavy thunder-storm. 5. Heavy,
with high wind. 6. Tornado.

Give length of time of rain.

Catch rain in a pail or can with vertical sides, and measure with rule.

Give particulars as to amount of hail, size and shape of stones, etc. Also
time of z¢s fall.

Much value attaches to fv// descriptions of clouds. Such reports are very
interesting, though not absolutely required.

Scale of force of winds: o. Calm. 1. Light, moving leaves of trees. 2.
Moderate, swaying branches. 3. Brisk, raising dust. 4. High, blowing twigs
from ground, swaying trees. 5. Gale, breaking branches, loosening chimney
bricks. 6. Tornado, destructive.

Be sure to note every storm heard or seen, even though distant; its direc-
tion and time, if nothing more. Give details of lightning strokes.

A sample blank is enclosed. Each is for three storms. When filled, they
are to be kept until five have accumulated, or until the end of the month. Then
all are to be sent on.

Use “standard” time. Beas exact as may be to the minute. Always date
carefully, and indicate morning or afternoon by A.M. and p. mM. Always write
in the blank the place of observation.

Please let me know at once if you will assist. I enclose card for your
reply. Address Pror. F. STARR,

Cedar Rapids, Lowa.

STARR — IOWA THUNDER-STORMS. 83

The last obstacle to the best results is found in the fact that the
person superintending the work is not a professional meteorologist. He
has, however, a great desire to see Iowa thunder-storms carefully studied.
He believes it to be a subject that will repay diligent work; and if this
report, faulty though it be, may stimulate interest in the study, he will
be content.

Three kinds of thunder-storms seem to be reported :

First. Storms, well defined, traveling from the west, or a western
quarter, toward an eastern quarter. Time records, properly made,
supply data for calculating the rate of progress eastward. These are
apparently connected with the general atmospheric circulation of the
United States, and occur in the southeast quadrant of a “low” area.

Second. Heat storms, local in character; not showing a progressive
movement; often unaccompanied by any wind; seldom beginning until
well on in the afternoon, or in the evening. ‘They accompany extreme
hot weather.

Third. “Squalls,” which are well characterized by Dr. Hinrichs in his
“Bulletins” for June and July, 1882. His account has been quoted by
others, but may again be copied here for Iowa readers:

“Our Iowa squalls are as serious as any on the ocean; the wind
may be destructive, but it is not lifting nor revolving as it is in the
tornado. Roughly speaking, the squall may be likened to an extended
tornado, having its axis parallel to the ground. Here, in Iowa, it gener-
ally bursts upon us from the northwest, following the southeast wind;
it rolls over and strikes down upon us, usually with abundant precipi-
tation, and soon is succeeded by the same southeast wind which it so
abruptly displaced. * * So far as I have studied them, they come
down from the northwest, progressing at the rate of twenty to fifty
miles an hour. In Northeastern Iowa, the storm has a tendency to
bend up, so as to make the squall more nearly from the west. In like
manner, in Southwestern Iowa its front bends westward, and hence
blows more nearly from the north. The storm front is fierce in its
power along a considerable distance —twenty to fifty miles, and more,
in its front, along the earth, are struck simultaneously. As the great
storm-front moves on, it can be traced for 350 miles from northwest to
southeast through our State. It is impossible to confound this storm
with the tornado, which is fortunately very restricted in its field, mow-
ing a swath of destruction, generally, in a direction corresponding to
the line of the squall storm-front, from a southwesterly toward a north-
easterly point. The tornado is narrow, local; the squall at a given

84 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

instant reaches a narrow, long, extended belt of land like a tornado
track, but this belt of destruction is carried forward with great velocity
so as to gradually sweep over a large part of the State. Again, the
squall of summer is radically different from the blizzard of winter.
The squall comes, reaches us, and after a few minutes leaves us, mov-
ing onward in its general course toward the southeast; the blizzard
blows for hours, and even days. In the squall, but a limited amount of
air comes down from the northwest, a great roll of cold and dense air
falls upon us; in the blizzard, the entire atmosphere covering several
States is moving as one body toward the southeast.”

In June, we had a considerable number of local thunder-storms, but
few were marked by great rainfall or electrical disturbance. Local
storms are reported for every day except the rst, 15th, 17th, 22d, 23d,
25th, 27th. Some of these were reported from only one station. In
but a few cases can the storms be shown to bear relation to a well-
defined “low” area to the northwest. From the 4th to the oth, the
number of reports made show a disturbance the most marked on the
7th. A cluster of storms began on the 11th, culminating on the 13th.
On the 18th we have a “squall,” followed by storms on the roth and
2oth. The storms of the zoth are the most fully reported of the
month. On the 30th, a number of storms are reported.

June 3d, 9:45 A. M., a storm struck Middle River P. O. It was
of brief duration, and passed from south to northeast. The light-
ning was very sharp, and two barns west of Winterset were struck;
one of them burned. In the afternoon, thunder-storms occurred
through the whole southern border of the State. The rainfall was very
small. The storm came from the southwest at all stations.

June 4th and sth. The isobares on the morning map of the 4th are
peculiarly bent, and suggest a feeble depression not represented. This
is more marked on the 5th, and it is possible that the storms of those
dates are connected with it. The reports of the 5th are the more
numerous.

June 7th. The storm of the 7th lies in the southeast quadrant of a
well-marked “low.” On the 5th we see it forming central over Idaho,
Wyoming, and Utah. On the 6th, it has moved to central, over Western
Dakota, Nebraska, Northern Colorado, and Wyoming. On the 7th
it went east, separating into two small areas, one of which stood
over Eastern Dakota and Northern Minnesota, with Iowa to the south-
east.

On the roth there are scattering reports of a morning storm in the

STARR — IOWA THUNDER-STORMS. 85

western part of the State. Considerable rain fell— 1.83 inches at Smith-
land, beginning at 11:30 A. M.; 1.62 inches at Rock Branch, beginning
at 11:05 A. M. At Albia a little rain fell, beginning at 6:00 A. M., and
some at Tabor, beginning at 8:00 a. mM. On the rith, eleven reports
show local storms of no great inportance. Only two of the reports
show wind as high as “2.” Many report no wind whatever. Little rain
fell, except at Auburn, 2.99 inches; Ft. Dodge, 2.00; Middle River,
2.65. The beginning of rainfall was: Auburn, 8:00 a. M.; Ft. Dodge,
8:00 P.M.; Middle River, 9:15 P. M.

Of the ‘rath, quite a number of reports are at hand. They show
local heat-storms. We have no record of temperatures. Moravia
reports gt degrees at noon. ‘There were some early morning storms,
but most of them came between noon and 6:00 P.M. Rainfall began:
Smithland, 1:00—2:00 A.M.; Bancroft, 2:00 A. M.; Brush Creek, 10:00
A.M.; Cresco, 10:30 A. M.; Auburn, 12:30 P.M.; Moravia, 12:45 P.M.;
Kiron, 1:00 P. M.; Adair, 1:54 Pp. M.; Tabor, 2:00 Pp. M.; Algona,
3:00 P. M.; Glenwood, 3:03 Pp. M.; Middle River, 3:30 Pp. M.; Smith-
land, 4:00 P. M.; Concord, 4:00 P. M.; Onawa, 5:25 Pp. M.; Cresco,
8:30 p. M.; Glenwood, 11:00 p.m. The rainfalls are: Bancroft, 1.50
inches; Cresco, 1.10; Auburn,o.48; Moravia, 1.00; Kiron, 2.50; Adair,
0.25: Tabor, 0.18; Algona, t.oo; Glenwood, 1.40; Middle River,
0.30; Smithland, 0.73; Concord, 0.90; Onawa, 0.70. The highest
wind reported was at Algona—force, “3.” Most records show a calm.
Glenwood —“ Afternoon storm was a sudden down-pour from a local
cloud ; very little thunder and lightning.” Kiron—‘“Storm came in
three distinct showers.” ‘This storm was for many places a breaking
up of the great drought.

This cluster of storms apparently culminated on the 13th. Twenty-
five reports were received of this date. The storms set in a little be-
fore noon. Rainfall beginnings are reported from then till 6:00 P. .
These are most numerous between 4:00 and 6:00 Pp. M. The times
are as follows: Albia, 1:00 a. M.; Grinnell, 6:45 a. m.; Amana,
9:25 A. M.; Homestead, 9:42 a. M.; Dysart, 9:10 A. M.; Mt. Vernon,
10:40 A. M.; Monticello, 11:40 a. M.; Smithland, 1:00 Pp. M.; Mt.
Pleasant, 1:15 Pp. M.; Davenport, 1:25 P. m.; Clinton, 2:00 P. M.;
Concord, 3:10 Pp. M.; Albia, 3:40 Pp. M.; Tabor, 4:00 P. M.; Cresco,
4:10 P. M.; Bancroft, 4:40 Pp. M.; Orange City, 4:46 Pp. M.; Auburn,
5:00 P. M.; Algona, 6:00 P. M.; Cresco, 6:00 p. M.; Albia, 7:15 P. M.;
Algona, 12:00 Pp. M. The amounts of rainfall are: Albia, 0.25 inches;
Grinnell, 1.00; Amana, 1.28; Homestead, 0.86; Dysart, 0.10; Mt.

86 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Vernon, 1.35; Monticello, 0.89; Smithland, 0.13; Mt. Pleasant, 0.00;
Davenport, 0.53; Clinton, 0.25; Concord, 0.25; Albia, 0.37; Tabor,
0.00; Cresco, 0.37; Bancroft, 0.66; Orange City, 0.25; Auburn,
0.03; Cresco, 0.33; Albia, 0.06; Algona, 0.05. Dysart and Monti-

“ ”

cello report wind at “z;” Albia, Cresco, and Amana at “3;” others
lower; Smithland, “calm.” Notes: Concord —“Commenced at pre-
cisely same time as yesterday.” Algona—‘“For three days have had
thunder-storms nearly all time after noon until daylight of next morn-
ing. All have passed to northeast.” Cresco—“The above storms
seem to be a continuation of those of yesterday.” Albia — “Mag-
netic needle 15’ east at 8:00 A. M., and 22’ east at g:00 A. M.”
Mt. Pleasant —“Moderate lightning and thunder. Lightning struck

close by, in northeast, at 7:00 Pp. M. and at 9:20 P. M.”

On the 18th, Iowa was in the southeast quadrant of a “low” area
over Eastern Dakota and Western Minnesota. ‘This is one of our
typical “squalls.” Hinrichs reports it as “extending over Northern
and Eastern Iowa, locally, with heavy rain, thunder, and lightning.”
Unfortunately, the time records do not admit of a “portrait” of this
storm. <A few notes are here ‘given. ‘The day was the hottest of the
month. At Brush Creek, the temperature at noon was 102°. Clinton
—“Wind gusty, carrying clouds of dust high into the air. Rain began
in a dash, and the wind abated soon after rainfall commenced.”
Cresco—“Storm clouds passing around all the afternoon; some, with
much heavier rain than we had, passed both north and south of us.”
Algona—-“ Lightning struck frequently from clouds to earth. Four dis-
tinct thunder-storms to-day; all formed high up, and went to east.
All the thunder-storms thus far in June, except that of to-day, were
formed near by, high up, and seemed to gather force as they moved
northeast; ‘pocket clouds,’ at 6:00 P. M., passing from southwest to
northeast.” Et. Dodge—‘“Clouds look threatening; pass away with
high wind; blue sky at 4:00 p. M.” Concord—“ Lightning in every
point, except, perhaps, southwest; a continuous storm from west and
southwest to northwest, north, northeast, east, and southeast; Thomas
Jakonbek killed. by lightning four miles north of here, at 5:00 P. M.”
New Providence —“ Hail, north and nothwest, breaking small limbs from
trees.” Orange City —“Team killed, and driver (William Rombough,
of Hull) stunned by lightning.” Davenport—“ About noon, the storm-
line of stratus clouds was seen in the northwest, which slowly advanced
until the storm broke at 5:45 Pp. M.; wind furious and broken, but
storm did not seem able to pass over to the south, where a strip of blue

STARR — [OWA THUNDER-STORMS. 87

sky was visible all the time; ceased at 7:00 Pp. M., but still in the north,
and highly colored by the setting sun; at 8:00 Pp. M., sharp thunder and
lightning in the northwest, but the storm did not come until 1:00 A.
M. of the roth, when it was terrific, but without wind; showers con-
tinued until 5:00 a. mM.” Waterloo—“Two storms; the first was
heard at 2:10 Pp. M., the second at 4:15 Pp. M. The movement was from
the north to the southeast; wind quite heavy; storm gathered in the
north and extended; very black clouds; very hot before storm; tem-
perature changed suddenly before it rained much; heavy masses of vapor
scud across sky very low, going to south.” Davenport—“Thunder,
5:40-7:45 P. M., northwest to southeast; heavy dust storm; a second
and third installment at 11:50 Pp. M., and early in morning.” Amana
—“Six sheep killed at one time, in South Amana.” This storm was
accompanied by hail: Bancroft, 5:31-5:32 Pp. M.; Mt. Vernon, “a
few drops;” New Providence, “a little, about the middle of the storm ;”
Concord, 12:40-12:48 Pp. M.; Ft. Dodge, 2:15-2:30 Pp. M., “slight ;”
Marion, 4:30-4:36 Pp. M.; Grinnell, 4:48-4:55 pP. M., “slight.” The
times of rain beginning are: Smithland, 8:00 a. m.; Orange City,
11:35 A. M.; Bancroft, 12:00 M.; Concord, 12:35 Pp. M.; Algona, 2:00
p. M.; Ft. Dodge, 2:30 p. M.; Monona, 3:00 Pp. M.; New Providence,
3:00 P. M.; Emmetsburg, 3:00 Pp. M.; Brush Creek, 3:00 P. M.;
Garnavillo, 3:30 Pp. M.; Cresco, 3:40 P. M.; Dysart, 4:20 P. M.;
Monticello, 4:25 Pp. M.; Marion, 4:25 p. M.; Amana, 4:35 Pp. M.; Mt.
Vernon, 4:35 P. M.; Homestead, 4:45 p. M.; Grinnell, 4:45 pP. M.;
Muscatine, 5:30 P. M.; Davenport, 5:52 Pp. M.; Clinton, 6:00 P. M.;
Mt. Pleasant, 6:30 p. M. The distance from Orange City to Daven-
port is about two hundred and fifty miles; the time taken by the squall
to traverse that distance, six hours and twenty minutes; giving a rate of
nearly forty miles per hour. The heaviest rainfalls reported are:
Brush Creek, 1.10 inches; Garnavillo, 0.70; Dysart, 0.90; Monticello,
0.75; Marion, 1.30; Amana, 1.12; Mt. Vernon, 0.80; Homestead,
0.72; Muscatine, 0.68.

On the 19th and 2oth, there were a number of reports. The 2rst
shows a well-defined “high” area over Wyoming, extending east, and
giving the clear, stormless weather of the 21st to the 29th, inclusive.

The storms of the early morning of the 19th ought, perhaps, to be
counted with the storm of the 18th. Hawarden, Homestead, and
Davenport report a storm from the northwest at midnight, with rain
lasting two or three hours. <A later storm traveled from Ft. Dodge
east and southeast to Grinnell, Amana, and Davenport. The first

88 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

thunder was heard at Ft. Dodge at 2:30 A. M., the last at 3:30 A. M. ;
rain began at 3:00 A.M. Amana—“First thunder at 7:50 A. M., last
at g:50.” Davenport —“First thunder at t0:00 A. M.; rain at
10:30 A.M.” ‘The heaviest rainfall was at Ft. Dodge—o.5o inch.
Hail fell at five and one-half miles southeast of Des Moines. Mar-
shalltown reports “a storm from the south at 4:40 Pp. M., with 0.48 inch
rainfall and high wind.”

The zoth is well reported by thirty-six observers — two storms, ap-
parently, one in the forenoon, the other in the afternoon. The rain-
fall times of storm “A” are: Rock Branch, 12:30 A. M.; Seney, 1:30
A. M.; Orange City, 1:45 A. M.; Wesley Township, 2:00 A. M.;

Auburn, 2:00 A.M.; Ft. Dodge, 2:15 a..m.; Concordy@ 25 ae

Smithland, 4:00 A. M.; Cresco, 6:00 a. M.; Monona, 6:00 A. M.;
Brush Creek, 6:00 a. M.; Dysart, 6:00; (Glenwood, 6:05 a. M.; Ta-
bor, 6:40 A. M.) ; McGregor, 7:00 A. M.; Monticello, 7:00 a. m.; Mt.
Vernon, 7:10 A. M.; Garnavillo, 7:15 A. M.; Marshalltown, 7:30 A.
M.; Homestead, 9:23 a. M.; Amana, 9:25 A. M.; Oskaloosa, 10:30
A. M.; Albia, 11:20 A. M.; Moravia, 12:10 Pp. M. ‘These indicate a
well-defined storm moving east or southeast. ‘The distance from Seney
to Moravia is about two hundred miles; the time taken, nearly twelve
hours; rate of travel, sixteen miles an hour. The wind was generally
reported at “2” or “3” in force. Hail fell at Seney from 3:00 A. M.
to 3:05 A.™M., where this was the “fiercest storm of the season; wind
very strong; lightning almost a continual flash all through the storm.”
At Moravia there was no wind. Storm “B” is reported that evening
by several observers coming from the southwest or west and passing
east. Rainfall began at Cresco at 3:40 Pp. M.; at Muscatine at 8:00
p.M. ‘The average duration of rainfall was one hour. ‘The greatest
was at Monona: o.50 inch; Muscatine, 0.47. Notes: Davenport —
“Sharp thunder and lightning in north during the evening, but rain did
not fall till in night.” Cresco felt both the above, and had a third
storm at 5:30 Pp. M.; “Distant thunder continuous throughout the day;
cleared off at night after 8:00 p. M.; numerous small showers around
all afternoon and evening.” Hinrichs reports “men plowing corn killed
by lightning, one in Madison County, one in Adams County.”

The 3oth was stormy in much of the State. We were then in the
southeast quadrant of a well-marked “low,” central over Dakota on
that morning. This area combined later with another area further
west. Low pressures to our northwest were fairly prevalent until July
5th, and storms are reported locally until that date.

STARR — IOWA THUNDER-STORMS. 89

The storms of the 3oth are very local, and apparently without con-
nection. The storms came, generally, from south, southeast, or south-
west. The observer at Adair reports “very curious bursting and
branching out lightning. The storm came from west and south, and
was very threatening until nearly at point of observation, then the wind
rose and blew as a south wind till the storm was over; it then}changed
to the northwest and blew for fifteen minutes with force of ‘4;’ at
7:05 P. M. it changed in five minutes to southwest, with force of ‘4;’
after ten or fifteen minutes it changed to east, with force of ‘2.’”

Hinrichs says of July: “Thunder-storms and rains frequent, but
generally very local. The temperature rose gradually from the rrth to
the 17th, and from the 26th to the 29th. On these hottest days, heat-
storms, with rain, thunder and lightning, and locally high wind and
hail, set in, greatly lowering the temperature. Storm of the 17th was
most intense in southeastern Iowa; that of the zgth, in northeastern
portions of the State.”

Storms are reported in July for every date except the 6th, 7th, 15th,
18th, 23d, and 24th.

July 1st. Several local storms, in both forenoon and afternoon.
None show well-defined form or progressive movement. Rainfall was
heaviest at Monticello — 1.50 inches.

July 2d. Storms local—heat-storms. Out of seventeen reports, only
one gives a wind as hard as force “3;” some vefort “no wind at all.”
Greatest rainfall at Clinton— 0.59 inch. Moravia—“ Revolving clouds,
rolling in every direction; upper strata white; lower strata dense.”

July 3d. A fairly defined storm seems to have passed across the
State from the southwest. ‘Times of beginning of rainfall are: Tabor,
3:00 A. M.; Bancroft, 6:30 a. M.; Oskaloosa, 10:00 A. M.; Cedar
Rapids, 11:45 A. M.; Amana, 11:50 A. M.; Homestead, 11:55 A. M.;
Mt. Vernon, 12:50 p. M.; Hopkinton, 1:00 Pp. M.; Monticello, 1:20
Pew. Cresco;)1: 36 P) Mx; , Brush, Creek, £:40 -P:\M. ; Monona, 2220
p.M.; McGregor, 2:45 p.M. From Tabor to McGregor is about two
hundred and seventy miles; time of passage by storm, eleven hours and
twenty minutes; rate of travel, thirty-five miles per hour. There was
no wind at Tabor; wind seems to have blown more and more as the
storm passed to the northeast. At Brush Creek, Monona, and
McGregor it is reported “high ;” at Cedar Rapids, force “4.” The rain-
fall varied. Tabor and Monona report over one inch; Amana, only
o.20 inch. Brush Creek reports “clouds very black; gale of wind, with
slight hail, at 1:40 P. M.; storm went around to north and northeast
very heavy; rain at 1:40 Pp. M.—o.6o inch in ten minutes.”

[Proc. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 12 [April 5, 1888. ]

go DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

July 5th. A storm from the southwest and northwest passed to east.
Time records vary. Hail fell. ‘Tabor—‘“Hail small, doing little dam-
age.” Rock Branch—2:40 to 2:45 p. M.— “Little; hail did some dam-
age to crops south and southwest of here, about three miles.” Kiron —
“Hail fell southeast and northeast; some damage to crops.” These
storms, whose beginnings cover time from 2:00 to g:0o P. M., were
accompanied by some wind, as at Albia and in the hail district.

The freedom from storms of the 6th and 7th was broken on the 8th.
The “weather map” of that forenoon shows a “low” area to our north-
west, over Dakota and Minnesota. Its influence is seen in the number
of reports for that date. Two or three storms apparently occurred.
Lenox reports: “8:30 Pp. M., lightning and thunder in southwest and
northeast began simultaneously ; clouds approached each other in south- _
east and then scattered; no rain here, but some eight miles south.”
Concord —“Several head of cattle and one colt killed by lightning.”
Monticello —* Considerable sheet-lightning.”

July oth. Apparently local storms, with considerable lightning.
Davenport reports “ice-house struck and burned at Rock Island city,
and smoke-stack of wagon factory struck at Moline, between 1:00 and
2:00 A.M.” Moravia—‘ Four flashes of lightning approached the earth;
one struck a fence-post, the other three killed ten head of cattle; six of
these lay on the wires in one place, the others were twenty rods distant.”

On the roth but a single report is made. The weather map of this
forenoon shows an area of “low” in Dakota. This worked to the south-
east. On the 11th, the well-defined “low” area was in the northwest
corner of Iowa. A number of wzzgh/ storms are reported on the rrth.
These all came from the west quarter, and were accompanied by con-
siderable wind in some cases. ‘The rain beginnings were all between
6:00 Pp. M. and midnight. Reports say: Auburn —‘First really severe
thunder-storm of season; storms mostly at night.” Algona—‘“Very
heavy thunder and lightning.” Cresco —“ Distant lightning all around
horizon after g:00 Pp. M.; bulk of storm seemed to be in the north;
temperature at g:00 P. M., 82°, and at 2:00 P. M., 97°, being the hot-
test of the year.”

July r2th. Night storms again from a western quarter. ‘he rain
beginnings are mostly between 6:00 and 8:00 p.m. A/ the reports
fall between 2:00 p. M. and midnight. This storm was fairly defined,
and comparison of rainfall times shows an apparent east and northeast
movement, though there are some discordant times. The “agreements”
are: Des Moines, 4:15 p. M.; Cedar Rapids, 4:00 p. M.; Marshall-

ners

STARR — IOWA THUNDER-STORMS. gi

town, 5:30 P. M.; Hopkinton, 6:00 Pp. M.; Dysart, 6:00 p. M.; Home-
stead, 6:20 p. M.; Amana, 6:25 p. M.; Oskaloosa, 6:20 Pp. M.; Albia,
6:40 Pp. M.; Monticello, 7:30 P. M.; Brush Creek, 7:30 P. M.; Mt.
Vernon, 8:45 p. M. Time from Des Moines to Mt. Vernon, four and
one-half hours; distance, one hundred miles; rate of travel, twenty-two
miles per hour. Wind was highest at Cedar Rapids, force “5;”
Amana, Homestead, Oskaloosa, and Brush Creek report force at “4;”
at most localities it was “2.” The heaviest rainfall was 0.55 inch, at
Hopkinton. A little hail fell at Amana and Homestead. At Amana
“one horse and two foals killed by lightning, about one mile southwest
of observer; they were found lying partly on barb-wire fence. Light-
ning also struck one house and two trees, in different localities around
here. It was the most terrific and appalling thunder-storm we have
had for years.” Albia—‘“This afternoon at 4:22 the magnetic needle
vibrating from 8’ east to 3’ west; motion kept up for ten minutes.”
Cedar Rapids—-“ Two buildings struck, not badiy damaged.”

Nineteen reports for the 13th show storms, very local in character,
beginning mainly between 2:00 and 8:00 p. M. Very little rain, and
no hail. No damage by lightning reported.

But one report on the 14th, and none on the 15th.

July 16th. Twenty-two reports received. Fourteen of these report
rain, the rest are thunder and lightning at a distance. ‘These storms
were mainly in the western and northwestern counties. They came on
in the early evening. Eleven of the fourteen rainfalls began between
4:00 and 10:00 Pp. M. At some points two storms occurred, but the
thunder kept up between; so at Concord. Cresco reports “distant
lightning all along the west, after 7:30 Pp. M., with distant thunder at
intervals; the hottest day of the year—g8° at 2:00 P. M., 84° at g:00
p.M. Ordinary years, such a heat would be followed by a severe
storm.” (This came before daybreak.)

July roth. Twenty-eight reports refer to this storm in southeastern
Iowa. Rainfall beginnings were from 2:00 p. M. to midnight, mostly
between 6:00 and 10:00, fifteen reports falling within those hours.
The rainfall times are: Moravia, 5:50 p. M.; Cedar Rapids, 6:00
Pp. M.; Oskaloosa, 6:10 Pp. M.; Albia, 6:45 p. M.; Amana, 6:45 P. M.;
Des Moines, 6:50 p. M.; Homestead, 6:40 p. M.; Mt. Vernon, 7:00
p. M.; Hopkinton, 8:00 p. M.; Dysart, 8:00 p. m.; Brush Creek,
8:30 P. M.; Monticello, 9:15 Pp. M.; Mt. Pleasant, ‘9:30 P. M.; Cresco,
9:30 P. M.; Monona, 10:00 p. M.; McGregor, 11:00 P. M.; Garna-
villo, 11:00 P. M.; Denmark, 10:30 Pp. M. The heaviest falls are:

Q2 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Des Moines, 2.00 inches; Homestead, 1.70; Monona, 1.50. Gener-
ally, the wind was high. Davenport (see extract below) ; Oskaloosa,

“43” ‘Amana,-~55/_. Elomestead, 5 > brush Creek, aq:

“ Pe

5 5
This storm was a local heat-storm. For several days the heat had been

Monticello,

“

Mt. Pleasant, “3;” Cresco, “4;” Garnavillo, “4;” Denmark, “3.”
intense. Moravia reports “104°, 105°, 106°, 99°, 98° for two-o’clock
observations, for several days.” McGregor —“98° at noon of 16th, 84°
at noon of 17th.” The heat at Davenport had been so great as to lead
to prayer for rain and cooler weather, in the Episcopal Cathedral. A
little hail is reported at Amana and Homestead; small fall at Des
Moines, 7:40 to 7:45 P. M.; considerable in vicinity of Davenport.
Garnavillo reports: “Barometer fell on 16th o.12 inch, on 17th none.
Clouds came from southwest up against and over the lower wind cur-
rent.” Monona—‘“Bnilliant display of lightning from g:0o pP. . till
after midnight; clouds appeared to gather from all directions; heavy
thunder during night.” Dysart —“ Most brilliant lightning display in
the south, extending one-third around horizon, seen here since the
Grinnell storm ; rain, only a sprinkle.” Amana—“ Four foals killed by
lightning at High Amana, four miles west; found dead at barb-wire
fence.”

Davenport Democrat-Gazette: “The rain of yesterday and last night
extended this time over the whole of Scott County. The storm of
yesterday was accompanied by a wind that played havoc with grain-
stacks, trees, and stock-sheds in various parts of the county. Barley
and wheat stacks were tossed upon each other in places, and straw was
scattered everywhere. Cherry and apple trees along Duck Creek
were taken up by the wind and carried fifteen rods, some farther.
Nor did wind alone do damage. Out in the direction of Mt. Joy, hail
played a prominent part in the storm. The hail that fell ranged in
size from a hazel-nut to a hickory-nut, and there were exceptional
cases where they were as large as eggs. Mr. Fritz Rohlf, a farmer
near Mt. Joy, stated this morning that he had ninety acres of oats
which he intended to begin harvesting to-day, and the hail of yester-
day stripped his oat-field most effectually. Such was the case wher-
ever it hailed. There was but little hail in the direction of Muscatine
County, but in portions of the northern part of this county a great deal
of hail fell. ‘The wind blew down fields of corn and leveled grain in
the field very much. Hilly farm land was badly washed by the driving
rain.”

July roth. A few reports show storms in the western part of the

STARR — IOWA THUNDER-STORMS. 93

State. Seney reports “very fierce flashes from 7:00 to 9:00 P. M.”
Kiron —“Lightning struck and killed a heifer, three miles northeast
from here.”

July 20th. The “weather map” shows a “low” central over Iowa,
moving east, on that day. Local storms are reported from 2:00 to
8:00 P.M. Middle River reports “lightning at 2:30 Pp. M.; struck in
a grain-field, raising a dust cloud.”

July 21st. JL.ocal storms, mainly in the northwest part of the State,
where the weather had been hot. Nearly all were early evening storms,
rainfall beginning, in fifteen cases out of sixteen, between 2:00 and
10:00 P.M. Algona—“This storm formed high up; temperature at

Pe)

12:00 noon, dry bulb, 86°, wet bulb, 83°; wind southwest.”

July 22d to 27th. Only four reports for the whole period. The
“weather map” of the 26th shows a well-defined little oval area of “low”
overlapping the corners of Iowa, Dakota, and Nebraska. Hail, doing
some damage to corn, is reported at Rock Branch. This place lies to
the southeast from this area. While this “low” was well-defined, it did
not last on into the 27th, but was dissipated.

On the 27th we have setting in a cluster of storms which culminate
on the 29th. Eighteen reports are upon the storms of the 27th.
Several refer to a morning storm in Northwestern Iowa. Rainfall
times are: Seney, 2:00 a. M.; Auburn, “very early;” Kiron, 4:00
A.M.; Algona, 4:00 A. M.; Onawa, 4:00 A. M.; Bancroft, 4:10 A. M.;
Smithland, 5:00 a. M.; Ft. Dodge, 5:30 a. M.; Concord, 6:00 A. M.;
Emmetsburg, 8:45 a. M. At Seney, “hail fell from 2:15 to 2:25 a. M.,
half an inch deep—no serious damage ; lightning very fierce through
entire storm; rainfall, 3 inches(?).” Smithland—“ Two cows killed, one
mile east. Emmetsburg—‘ Lightning continued sharp during the rain,
and seemed to extend all over. The clouds came from the southwest
and northwest, and met west of here, zof over here.” Five scattering
reports from diverse parts of the State relate to evening storms.
Clinton reports 0.18 inch hail falling between 6:04 and 7:00 P. M.
Is not rain meant?

July 28th. Twenty-five reports. Local heat-storms. Rainfall be-
gan in all cases between 10:00 A. M. and 8:00 p.m. At Concord and
Albia, two, and at Cresco three, storms are reported, in the day. All
these, however, began within the above time limits. No hail is re-
ported. Concord reports, “from an elevated explosion, a wire clothes-
line in Garner was melted asunder; several persons shocked.” Oska-
loosa—“Crabill killed by lightning; two horses killed; barn burned.”

94 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Rainfall generally very small. At Cresco 0.62 inch feil, and at Monti-
cello, nearly an inch.

July 29th. Heat culminated. Storms occur very early in the morn-
ing, perhaps continuation of the last. Evening storm began between
6:00 and 10:00 p. M. ‘This was one of the worst storms of the season.
Albia reports: “Barometer falling this afternoon; thermometer 1ro1 4”
at 3:00 o'clock, 101° at 2:00 o’clock, and 97° at 6:00 o’clock P. mM.”
We were to the southeast of a long “low” area over Dakota and
Nebraska on the morning of the 29th. This passed over Iowa during
the twenty-four hours following, and was to our east on the 3oth.
Notes: Seney—‘“Lightning very fierce; struck an elevator here, and
knocked down and badly injured three workmen, at 2:00 P. M.; storm-
ing, off and on, all day; no wind.” Smithland—‘“Tree on river bank,
forty rods east, struck by lightning.” Marion—“One inch rain; south-
west wind, ‘4.’” Algona—“ House struck.” Concord —“ One cow killed,
fifteen miles southwest; three horses and two cattle killed for George
Clark, in Erin township; hard to describe storm; the severest we have
had, in wind, thunder and lightning; from commencement, at 3:30 P.
M., to 11:00 P. M., thunder could be heard at some point; lightning
continuous, and in all points; storm severest at 8:00 Pp. M.; rain at
3:30, 7:30, and g:oo P. M.; hot wind at 6:00 Pp. M.; and before the
last rain, the clouds, coming from the southwest, were upper clouds.”
Cresco—“Frequent and vivid lightning all evening, in all directions,
with occasional showers, until after midnight; very warm and close be-
fore storm; a severe squall from west-northwest at 6:10 P. M., accom-
panying first heavy rain, injuring wind-mills, tearing trees, etc.” Algona
—“Second storm of day; worst of season; at 6:30 P. M., terrific thunder
and lightning; storm went southeast, with a great roar; wind like a
gale.” McGregor —“ Very vivid lightning in the evening; wind changed
from southwest to northwest before the storm, being blown rapidly
across the sky; wind force, ‘4.’” Emmetsburg—“Clouds came up
from southwest and northwest, very black; seemed to roll until they
came together, then changed to light, smoky color, and looked like
tornado; only a puff, however; the blackness gave way to light, and
settled down to a steady rain; when the two storms came together -
there was a fearful commotion; it was a pretty sight.” Algona—‘“ Third
storm of the 29th, g:00 Pp. M.; this has been an electrical day; thun-
der all day; though not six hours apart, these are three distinct storms;
all the storms this year come from southwest; this is strange, and never
noticed here before during eighteen years.” Cresco, Brush Creek, and

STARR — IOWA THUNDER-STORMS. 95

“

Monona report wind force as “5.” Rainfall is: Monticello, 0.87
inch; Middle River, 0.20; Marion, 1.00; Concord, 1.10; Cresco, 0.27;
Brush Creek, 0.60; Monona, 1.25; Kiron, 1.50; McGregor, 1.08; Ft.
Dodge, 1.00; Emmetsburg, 2.50; Algona, 0.55; Garnavillo, 0.75.
This storm continued on into the early morning of the 3oth. Rain-
fall beginnings are reported as follows: Dysart, 12:25 a. M.; Home-
stead, 2:30 a. M.; Amana, 3:00 A. M.; Cedar Rapids, 3:15 A. M.;
Albia, 3:15 A. M.; Monticello, 3:30 A. M.; Mt. Pleasant, 5:40 A. M.
Perhaps the average rainfall was 0.50 inch. Dysart—“6:00 to 11:00
p. M. of 29th, very vivid lightning in the north; no thunder till 1:10
A. M.; four or five columns of electricity seemed to extend vertically
to the earth from the motionless clouds that hung there for four hours.”

In August there are not so many reports as in June and July. Storms
are reported for each day, except the 6th, 24th, 26th, and 28th, but on
many days there is but a single report. A storm-cluster occurs on the
3d to the 5th, most marked on the 3d; another on the 8th to the roth,
culminating on the roth. ‘The 13th is fully reported. On the 16th we
have several reports, and many on the 17th. A group of storms
occurred on the 19th to the 21st, most reports being received on the
2oth.

Prof. Hinrichs reports: “Thunder-storms nearly as numerous as
rain-storms during first half of month, but rare during the last —cold
decade. Much damage done to property and cattle by lightning, and
several people killed. High locally destructive winds accompanied the
thunder-storms of the roth and 13th. Hail is reported only on the 34d,
in Hancock, and very light on the 8th, in Osceola County.”

Examination of the daily weather map of the United States Signal
Service shows connection with the general atmospheric movements as
follows: On the 3d we were to the southeast of a “low” overlapping
the corners of Dakota and Montana. This traveled east, and on the
4th was past us on the north. On the 5th, a well-marked “high” area
lay to our west; on the 6th it was over Iowa. No storms on that date.
On the roth, a long, oval “low” area lay to our northwest, extending
from Colorado to Minnesota, and overlapping our northwestern corner.
August 13th, a well-defined small “low” area was in Dakota and Ne-
braska, and on our extreme northwestern corner. ‘This moved across
Iowa during the following twenty-four hours. On the 17th, a storm
gathered in a “low” center near St. Louis, Missouri. Can our storms
have been affected by it? On the 2oth and 21st, “low” areas lay to
the west and southwest. That of the 21st was on the corner of the

96 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Indian Territory, Texas, and Arkansas. It was elongated far to the
northeast, and_apparently controlled the weather in ¢ha¢ direction.

August 3d. Scarcely any wind in storms of this date. At Albia
and Concord a force of “3” is reported; at Davenport, “5;” at all
other places me th

“

2” is the highest; many are “1.” Some report “calm.”
Most observers report less than 0.20 inch rainfall. Marion, however,
gives 1.00 inch, and Clinton 0.87. Times of rain beginning are: Con-
cord, 9:45 A. M.; Stacyville, 10:15 A. M.; Algona, 11:00 A. M.; Cresco,
11:45 A.M.; Homestead, 12:48 p. M.; Amana, 1:00 P. M.; McGregor,
2:00 Pp. M.; Dysart, 2:10 p. M.; Marion, 2:15 Pp. M.; Oskaloosa, 3:00
p. M.; Davenport, 4:08 p. M.; Des Moines, 4:25 P. M.; Monticello,
4:50 P. M.; Clinton, 5:00 p. M.; Albia, 5:45 p. M.; Algona (second
storm), 8:50 Pp. M.; Concord (second storm), 1o:00 P.M. Hail fell at
Concord, for less than a minute, at 10:00 A.M. The day was very
hot. Algona—“ Weather very sultry; wet and dry bulbs only 3° apart;
temperature at noon, 93°; this afternoon it is very difficult to work —
so sultry.” McGregor—“Thermometer at 92° at noon.” Dysart—
“Two storms were seen gathering at 12:00 M.; the one in southwest,
the other in the northwest; they seemed to meet here, or, rather, their
extremities did, after main bodies of cloud had passed to the east.”
Clinton —‘“ Lightning fired a barn in Lyons, at 6:00 P. M.; also one
a half mile south of I.ow Moor.

The observer at Dysart, where a storm came from the southwest,
with rainfall beginning at 1:30 A. M. on the 5th, remarks: “Storms
that strike us in full force first appear drectly in the west; rain came
down very gently; the retreating cloud was visible until 6:00 A. M.”

August 8th. Only four reports of rainfall, though several of distant
thunder and lightning. These four are from the same section —re-
ports coming from Algona, Concord, Bancroft, and Emmetsburg. The
rainfall began: Emmetsburg, 11:30 A. M.; Algona, 6:00 P. M., and
again at 11:30 Pp. M.; Concord, 8:30 P. M., and again at midnight;
Bancroft, 11:30 P.M. High winds are reported at Emmetsburg and
Bancroft; little or none at other localities. Hail is reported at Em-
metsburg at 6:30 p. M., and at Bancroft at 11:30 P.M. At Bancroft
—‘“Showers passing from 6:00 p. M. till midnight.” Algona—“Light-
ning all night; thunder heavy; storm after storm, all night.” Concord
—“Two storms, at 8:30 p.m. and midnight; also a continuous storm of
thunder and lightning until 2:00 a. M. of the 9th; about midnight, the
German M. E. Church, in German township, was struck and badly
injured; steeple demolished, and floors and other portions somewhat

STARR — IOWA THUNDER-STORMS, 97

injured—the worst I ever saw in a building; a meteoric display at
midnight, with heavy explosion.” Bancroft—‘‘Temperature, 7:00
A. M., 73°; 2:00 P. M., 90°; 9:00 P. M.,.74°; mean barometer, 29.90
inches; mean temperature, 77.7°.” At Cresco, “rain began to fall at
3:30 A. M. of gth—only o.og inch fell; distant lightning, from north-
west to east-northeast, all the evening, from 8:00 P. M. to 11:60 P. M.,
and later; at 3:20 A. M., storm remarkable for the suddenness and
intensity of electricity; very vivid lightning, and roar after roar of
thunder, with deafening crash.”

August to, a day of great heat. Cresco reports it “the warmest day
of the year. At 2:20 P. M., just before the storm-cloud, it was 1or° in
the shade (the hottest since 1874, ‘hex 102°).” Brush Creek —“Gale
from south all afternoon, with mercury at 104° at 2:30 Pp. M., and 100°
at 5:00 Pp. M.” ‘This storm, a violent one, seems to have been chiefly
confined to the east central part of the State. The beginnings of rain-
fall are as follows: Cresco, 3:15 Pp. M.; McGregor, 5:30 P. M.; Brush
Creek, 5:30 P. M.; Monona, 5:45 Pp. M.; Garnavillo, 6:15 P. M.;
Cresco (second storm), 6:15 Pp. M.; Hopkinton, 7:00 Pp. mM.; Des
Moines, 7:30 P. M.; Monticello, 8:00 Pp. M.; Marion, 8:10 P. M.;
Cedar Rapids, 8:45 Pp. M.; Amana, 8:45 Pp. M.; Homestead, 8:50
p. M.; Oskaloosa, 9:15 Pp. M.; Clinton, 10:00 Pp. m.; Albia, 10:00
p. M.; Mt. Pleasant, 11:30 Pp. mM. This storm came from the north-
west, and apparently traveled at the rate of eighteen miles an hour.
Notes: McGregor—“Strokes at 6:30 P. M. and at 10:00 P. M.; sev-
eral buildings struck within a few miles.” Garnavillo— Lightning
struck telephone pole in front of house.” Wind was heavy almost
everywhere; “4” is the common report. At Oskaloosa, “tops of hay-
stacks blown off and limbs of trees broken; the only storm of the
summer to do any damage.” Garnavillo—“Strong south wind ail day;
5:30 Pp. M. it changed to northeast, then west; the rain came without
violence; wind west during most of rains.” Brush Creek —“ Gale from
west and northwest; gale from south all afternoon.” Heavy rainfalls
are reported from some stations: McGregor, 3.27 inches; Monona,
1.62; Hopkinton, 2.30; Monticello, 1.41; Clinton, 1.50. This be-
comes lighter, or even a “few drops” in the moré southern localities.

August 12th. Reports from Emmetsburg, Smithland, Kiron, Onawa,
Rock Branch, and Tabor show a storm in the western part of the State
on the evening of the 12th. ‘Time reports continue on into the 13th.
There is not sufficient agreement between them all to prove a well-
defined eastward-moving storm. ‘They may be grouped so as to show
several local storms, perhaps. The time records are: Smithland, 7:00

[Proo. D. A. N.S8., Vol. V.] 13 | March 25, 1888. ]

98 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

p. M.; Rock Branch, 8:40 Pp. M.; Onawa, 9:15 P. M.; Emmetsburg,
night; Concord, 7:00 P. M.; Tabor, 4:30 4. M. of the 13th; Mo-
nona, before Gaylight; Bancroft, night; Stacyville, 5:00 A. M.; Ft.
Madison, 6:30 A. M.; Davenport, 10:40 A. M.; Hopkinton, 11:00
A. M.; Clinton, 11:30 A. M.; Mt. Pleasant, 1:00 P. M., 73th; Albia,
1:45 Pp. M.; Brush Creek, 3:40 Pp. M.; Mt. Pleasant (second storm),
6:30 Pp. M.; Middle River, 7:20 Pp. mM.; Cedar Rapids, 8:50 P. M.
There was little wind. Ft. Madison reports “6” (?); Emmetsburg,
Concord, and Bancroft report “3.” “Lightning struck barn near Den-
mark, burning it with all its contents.”

August 17th. A few local storms. One in northeastern Iowa is
reported as beginning at Stacyville at 11:35 A. M.; Cresco, 12:00 M.;
Brush Creek, 2:00 p. M. Reports from Middle River, 11:40 A. M.;
Des Moines, 2:20 p. M.; Dysart, 2:33 Pp. M.; Monticello, 4:00 P. M.;
Amana, 4:20 P. M.; Homestead, 4:40 Pp. M., and Davenport, 5:55
p. M., harmonize fairly. Notes: Davenport —“ Dust-storm, then calm.”
Dysart —“Sometimes thunder-clouds rise fairly in the west, and then
divide, one portion swinging down Wolf Creek, and the other off to
Iowa River.”

August 1gth. Reports inharmonious. In the early morning, at Ft.
Dodge and Auburn, a storm is reported. Most, however, began in the
evening and night, and some continued on into the 2zoth. There is a
storm in the early morning of the 2zoth, between midnight and 6:00
o’clock, reported from nearly every part of the State. Wind at Ft.
Dodge and Kiron, with force of “4;” at Smithland and Onawa, “3;”
in all other parts of the State, light. Very little rainfall anywhere
—o.50 inch at Kiron, 0.25 at Ft. Dodge, 0.23 at Smithland, and
0.15 at Onawa, being the heaviest. Afternoon and night storms are
reported from four scattered stations. At Bancroft, “two persons riding
on a horse-rake were killed by lightning at 2:30 P. M.”

In concluding this very imperfect report, I may call attention to a
few facts shown by the above:

First. In Towa we have at least three well-defined varieties of sum-
mer thunder-storms.

Second. Our “heat-storms” generally come between 4:00 P. M. and
midnight, but often have a /a/er installment, which comes in the early
morning.

Third. V.ocal thunder-storms this year show very little wind. Fre-
quently a calm may accompany a storm of some severity.

STARR — IOWA THUNDER-STORMS. 99

Fourth. ‘The rainfall in many of these storms was remarkably light.

Fifth. There has been very little hail this year. Small amounts
fell on June 18th, 19th, 2oth, July 3d, 5th, 26th, 27th, August 3d and
Sth.

Sixth. When our thunder-storms and hail show any connection with
the “low” areas of the United States Signal Service weather map, we
are generally in the southeast quadrant of such an area, and at a con-
siderable distance from the center.

Seventh. Vhree cases are mentioned of dead horses found at the
barbed-wire fence. I would like reference to similar cases elsewhere.

| fele) DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

A DESCRIPTION OF THE ROCKFORD SHALES OF
IOWA.

BY CLEMENT L. WEBSTER, STATE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA.

(Read before the Academy, April 20, 1887.)

Or the Devonian rocks of Iowa—and I might, perhaps, venture to
say, the United States—there is no division more interesting to the
paleontologist than the Rockford shales. The great variety and beau-
tiful preservation of the fossil species contained in them, throw much
light upon the history of the latter part of the Devonian age, in the
northern part of Iowa.

It is a significant fact that many of the fossil species contained in the
shales approach more nearly the European forms than do the forms
from the same horizon in other portions of America. Some of the
species, however, are peculiar to the shales, not being found, so far as
is at present known, in the strata of any other portion of the world;
and the fact that these beds contain some species whose extreme west-
ern limit of distribution was heretofore believed to be hundreds of miles
to the east, contributes to their interest.

In this paper I have given, for the most part, only a general descrip-
tion of the strata which underlie the shales, in order that their relation
to the shales may be understood.

The area of the shales is represented on the accompanying map.
Whether they extend north of the limit indicated on the map, I am
unable to say, as the surface is here everywhere so deeply covered by
the drift that no exposure of the underlying strata is to be observed ;
and during the Quaternary period, they were considerably acted upon
by the moving ice—so much so, indeed, that over limited areas they
were removed nearly or quite down to the underlying strata. The ac-
companying map shows also the distribution of organic remains in the
Devonian rocks underlying the shales. :

The lithological characters, as well as the thickness of this formation,
are somewhat varied in different portions of its area.

At Rockford and Hackberry, it attains a thickness of from twenty-
five to forty-five feet, and is made up of thin-bedded, friable, very argil-
laceous limestones, varying in color from a light buff to a dark brown,
which disintegrate very readily, forming a hard, dark yellow or buff-

WEBSTER — THE ROCKFORD SHALES OF IOWA. IOI

colored clay, which, at Hackberry, contains numerous hard, dark red,
ferruginous concretions, varying in diameter from one to four inches.
The lowest twenty-five feet of the forty-five foot stratum at Hackberry
is blue clay, which is mostly covered by a layer of shales.

On Flood Creek, at Rudd, in. Floyd County, the shales are well
exposed for a short distance in the east bank. Here the following
section was taken:

Teves OTe ManGuGle bitte vis x reed eee oe, wa bake Mle Bee ies 2 feet.
2. Yellowish brown (someumes shaly), thin-bedded lime-

stone, containing several species of corals, St7omato-

pora, Spirifera, etc., which are not known to occur

in the shales at any other place, but which are more

or less common in the limestone in other portions of

(UNERSS EEStor 4 Feet ain care aR ears Acard tony ite Bal Nikins planes 4 feet.
3. Yellowish brown, argillaceous, sbaly limestone, con-

taining some sand, and numerous species of fossils,

as P. woodmani, O. towensis, Luxonema, A. reti-

cularis, etc., and weathering to a yellow clay. This

division passes imperceptibly into No. 2......... Galeet.
4. Grayish-buff limestone, made up almost entirely of
concretions of a harder and darker material, and
containing numerous Lamellibranchiata (none of
which are known to occur in the shales), with a few
specimens of ?. woodmani and O. iowensis at the
top peortne bedvof thecreeke.: sos. a0s etka 9% feet.
41 PO} 5 | ER Am eee Be eA ee PARES NEST ra ie 20% feet

In the bed of the creek, about one-half mile below the above local-
ity, a small quarry has been opened in limestone immediately below
number 4. Here measurements gave the following results :

1. Yellowish-buff, thin-bedded limestone.............. giteet:
2. Whicker bedded, grayish-blue limestone......,...... anes

Both divisions contain the same assemblage of fossils, most of which
are Brachiopoda. Only one or two of the species occurring in these
beds are known to extend upward into the higher beds.

In the west bank of this creek, three miles south of the above local-
ity, the shales are again observed. ‘The beds here attain a thickness,
by estimate, of about nine feet, and are made up of thin-bedded,
somewhat friable, brownish-yellow, calcareous and argillaceous lime-
stones, which contain an abundance of Fistulipora occidens (?).

Underlying the shales is a nine-foot stratum (not well exposed) of
limestone, which is apparently the equivalent of the concretionary lime-
stone of the Rudd section.

In the extreme south-western part of Floyd County, and the south-
eastern portion of Cerro Gordo County, the shales are much thinner,

102 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

and are less argillaceous than those portions of the beds which are ex-
posed at Rockford and Hackberry. The fossils in this region are very
abundant and finely preserved. The species Waticopsis gigantea
attains a somewhat larger size and is more abundant than in some
other portions of these beds.

On a small creek, at Owen’s Grove, in Cerro Gordo County, the
annexed section was taken:

1. Drift and detritus (sloping surface, probably concealing

several feet of shaly limestone), by estimate....... ry feeb.
2. Soft, dark buff, somewhat argillaceous shaly limestone. 7 Me
3. Blue shaly limestone, containing concretions........ Pye
Total; 2 teh See eee 26% feet.

About one-eighth of a mile south-west from this locality, on the same
creek, is another limited exposure of the shales, which differ in some
particulars from those exposed at any other locality, in that they
weather to a rather soft, yellowish-white clay, and contain numerous
Lamellibrachiata and Gasteropoda not known to occur in other por-
tions of the beds.

Six miles east of Clear Lake, the shaies are seen to outcrop on Wil-
low Creek. They are here somewhat thicker bedded than usual, and
vary from a dark buff to a dark brown color; they vary, also, from
their equivalents previously described, at other localities, in being
slightly sandy. ‘The fossils are not numerous, and nearly all occur in
the form of casts.

Two miles east of Clear Lake, the shales are observed as an outlier
in a gently undulating prairie region, and present the same paleontolog-
ical and lithological character (except that they are somewhat more
friable) as at the exposure on Willow Creek.

Three miles west of Mason City, in the west bank of Willow Creek,
the shales are again finely exposed, and at this locality the following
measurements, by estimate, were taken:

De SV ETEC co sous: accep oucne eden ie es ee ais ee rr t foot.

2. Thin bedded, shaly, argillaceous limestone, containing
some sand and casts of fossils, decomposing readily on

EXPOSUTE |, cice cic stu cules cai b cies noc eye 20 feet.
3. Hard, stiff blue clay, containing numerous concretions of
harder material... 5225.02.20 2+. <n em
oo]: ne a ea eee 29. Jeet

The fossils contained in the shales at this place are comparatively
rare, and occur only in the form of poorly preserved casts.

WEBSTER — THE ROCKFORD SHALES OF IOWA. 103

Over this portion of the area occupied by the shales, the deposition
seems to have been more rapid than at other localities, and less well
adapted to the preservation of the forms imbedded in it; and, inferring
from the rarity, of even the casts, the conditions would seem to have
been less favorable to the existence of life.

The blue clay at this locality, as will be observed, occupies the same
position relative to the shales as the blue clay at Rockford, hereafter to
be spoken of.

The condition and thickness of the shales in Worth County is diffi-
cult, if not impossible, to determine, owing to the unusual depth of the
drift deposit which everywhere occupies the surface. It has been re-
ported to me, however, from an apparently reliable source, that the
shales are well exposed at a locality some miles south-west from North-
wood, in Worth County. I have not personally visited this locality.

That the relation of the shales and their contained fauna to the sub-
jacent strata and its fauna may be better understood, I here give a
general outline of that portion of the underlying beds which are in-
cluded within the area mapped. The shales everywhere occupy the
higher position, being overlaid by no rocks older than the Cretaceous.

The following section, taken at Rockford (in part compiled from
Hall’s Geological Survey of Iowa, Vol. L, Part I., page 309), will show
the relation which these beds sustain to the underlying strata at this place :

TEE HUE CLO. Ores de Ban, eS ot Sie Reger hho a a ed 5, feet.
2. Decomposing argillaceous shaly limestone, containing

an abundance of beautifully preserved fossils... .. elie
a-- stn dark blue’chay, devoid of fossils 020. 22 Son 20, oe
4. A gently inclined surface, mostly unexposed, with buff

and white striped shaly limestone at base........ 43 ft.1oin.
Fee CCR NOSCR Des, 35 Ltn uct am cueNaomas ate Rieke ey hepa anaes 2 feet:
oO» = Dark colored: hard, limestone: + sj24 ie Fa oe seats oie us

7. White pure limestone, with shaly structure (usually
very fine grained and brittle, and in places made
up almost entirely of Stromatopora)........... 5 ft. 6in.
8. Hard buff calcareo-silicious sandstone, containing an
abundance of Streptorhynchus chemungensis and
Spirifera disjuncta, which occur in the form of
casts, and all lying with a particular portion of the

She MMi yee es mente aos fe asda ao Geren eat aga > fect:
g. Rather soft ash-colored calcareo-silicious sandstone,
contaming Casts, of fossils*y 2+ S.2as esis Sale 2 ae
to. Somewhat arenaceous thin-bedded limestone....... = aa
11. Beds not exposed down to the level of Lime Creek... 3 ‘*
MGS Ve GV ALNOI ty. jas. a \e-aiaieas Ty eae ae a es 114 ft. 4 in.

* Three miles south of Rockford, the beds Nos, S$ and g are seen to outcrop in the north bank,

104 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

At Marble Rock, the limestone beneath the shales is well exposed in
the bank of the Shell Rock, with a thickness of ten to fifteen feet or
more, and is, for the most part, a rather thick-bedded, hard and fine-
grained brittle limestone, varying from nearly white to dark brown in
color, with scarcely a trace of fossils.

The rocks which underlie the shales adjacent to Rudd are thin-bed-
ded, fine-grained and brittle limestones, varying in color from nearly
white to dark gray, and almost devoid of organic remains.

About one mile below Charles City, in the eastern part of the county,
the beds below the shales are well exposed at the “Marble Quarries” in
the east bank of the Cedar River. The banks here rise to a height of
about forty or fifty feet above the water in the river. The upper five or
six feet is made up of rather thin-bedded, compact (sometimes brittle and
crystalline) yellowish-gray limestone. The remaining portion of the
outcrop is composed of hard, thicker-bedded, yellow or grayish-brown
limestone (and sun-cracked shales), which is literally crowded with
Stromatopora, and a few species of the more common Srachiopoda.*
At this locality is quarried the rock from which the “ Charles City
Marble” is manufactured; the rock, as well as the masses of Stromato-
pora, taking a fine polish.

On the west side of the river, one mile above Charles City, there is
an exposure of about ten feet of very hard, fine-grained and brittle
limestone, with a more or less perfect conchoidal fracture. The layers
vary in thickness from five to thirteen inches, and resemble each other
so closely that they can hardly be distinguished in hand specimens,
especially as all are unfossiliferous.

At numerous localities along the Cedar, for a distance of sixteen
miles above Charles City, the limestone is well exposed, but as it
approaches so nearly, in lithological characters and absence of fossils,
that of the last section, detailed description is unnecessary. f

On the Cedar River in Mitchell County, the rocks beneath the shales
are well exposed about one and a half miles west of Osage, the ex-
posures ranging from forty to more than one hundred feet. The layers

of Beaver Creek, and, so far as could be observed, reach a thickness of only one or two feet.
At Nora Springs, nine miles above Rockford, the same rock is seen to have a thickness of about
seven feet; while two and one-half miles south, at the “ Old Rowley Quarry,” in the east bank of
the Shell Rock, it attains a thickness of upward of cighteen feet. At these localities were col-
lected S. disjuncta, S. chemungensis, O. iowensis, A. hystrix, A. reticularis, S. demissa, Strob-
tlocystites calvini, etc.

* As will be seen by referring to the map, this is one of the few localities where fossil re-
mains, in any considerable numbers, are found in the rocks underlying the shales.

+ These rocks differ from those described in the last section only in being more or less crys-
talline,

WEBSTER— THE ROCKFORD SHALES OF IOWA. 105

are of very various lithological characters, varying from yellowish-white
and often very heavy-bedded limestone, to dark, grayish-brown crystal-
line dolomite, with but very few and poorly preserved fossils.

In the north-eastern portion of Worth County, on Deer Creek, near
Carpenter, the limestone exposed is rather unevenly bedded and slightly
friable, varying in color from yellowish-white to dark grayish-brown, and,
so far as observed, devoid of fossil remains.

In lithological character, the rocks outcropping along Rock Creek,
in the south-western portion of Mitchell County, are very much like
those observed at the locality one mile above Charles City, in Floyd
County. The beds, however, are much thicker, and contain an abun-
dance of fossils, represented by the genera Stromatopora, Cyatho-
phyllum, Favosites, and afew of the more common Brachiopoda.*

On the Shell Rock, at Nora Springs, in Floyd County, there is an
exposure of over forty feet of limestone, the beds of which vary some-
what in lithological character, but are, for the most part, fine-grained,
compact, and more or less brittle limestone (some portions slightly
magnesian ), crowded with fossils, among which the genera -/azvosites,
Gyroceras, Paracyclas, Pachyphyllum, Stromatopora, Alveolites,
Fenestella, Diphyphyllum, Atrypa, and crinoid remains (representing
two or three genera) were observed.t

At Rock Falls, in the north-eastern part of Cerro Gordo County,
four miles above Nora Springs, the beds below the shales are well ex-
posed. ‘They consist of thin-bedded, hard, and rather crystalline mag-
nesian limestone, varying in color from light gray to nearly black.
The most careful search failed to reveal the presence of fossils. The
lithological character of the rocks at this place is peculiar, and nothing
exactly like it has been observed in any other part of the State. ‘They
are all highly magnesian, but not pure dolomites, as they contain
rather more lime than belongs to the composition of the double car-
bonate of lime and magnesia.

The following section will give an idea of the general lithological
character of the rocks underlying the shales in the region of Mason
City, in Cerro Gordo County. It was measured on Lime Creek, three-
‘ fourths of a mile above Mason City: ®

* By referring to the map, this will be seen to be the second locality where organic remains
are common in the rocks below the shales.

t+ Most of the species found here are restricted, in their vertical range, to the lower portion
of the exposure; while about fifty per cent of the forms do not, so far as is now known, occur in
the shales above.

{ Hall’s Geological Survey of Iowa, Vol. IL., Part I., page 310.

[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 14 [October 5, 1888. ]

106 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

tr. Rather hard, unevenly-bedded limestone, containing

miramatopora and Havositesais, Baws ode 4 feet.

2. Grayish or dove-colored fine-grained and somewhat
Brittleslimestones, «345%: iret eres oreo eee 1G, 9 es
3. Granular limestone, somewhat magnesian........... Se
4. Uniformly bedded magnesian limestone............ le
Total. i485 ws Pil bs oe ae ee ee au.ieek

In no other portion of Iowa is the superficial covering of the rocks
thinner than over a large portion of the area occupied by the four
counties mapped. Not only are the rocks well exposed on most of
the streams which traverse the region, but limited exposures are numer-
ous adjacent to them, especially in Floyd County. For this reason,
the underlying rocky strata can be studied with facility.

It may not be out of place here to give a short description of the
only rock which overlies the shales at any place, so far as observed.

On Section 6, in Township 94 N., 18 W., Floyd County, there is an
exposure of coarse-grained sandstone, forming, for a short distance, the
north margin of a rather deep trough-shaped depression in the Devonian
strata. This outlier is a very coarse-grained, friable, silicious sand-
stone, interstratified with fine, angular gravel (the angles being more
or less rounded), while some of the beds exhibit beautiful examples of
ripple-marks.* This rock varies in color from grayish-white to very
dark yellowish-brown, and in some places is capped by vesicular con-
glomerate. ‘The bed, so far as could be made out, attains a thickness
of from thirty to seventy feet, the upper portion of which is thin-bed-
ded and very much disturbed and broken up, being tilted at almost
every conceivable angle, and overlaid at one place by a grayish-white
limestone. The lower portion of the stratum is heavy-bedded, and
dips at an angle of about twenty-two degrees, in a direction a little
west of north.

The section shown by Figure 2, across this depression or valley from
north to south, will show the position which the sandstone occupies in
relation to the depression and the Devonian strata, the thin-bedded
horizontal rock representing the Rockford shales, and the heavier
strata beneath representing the subjacent limestones. The trough-like —
depression, which is in part bordered by this outlier, has an easterly
trend, and finally unites with the valley of the Shell Rock. Its average
width is about three-fourths of a mile, and its depth from forty to

* This rock is rather peculiar, and nothing exactly like it has been observed in other portions
of the State. I have referred it to the Cretaceous, with some doubt as to its true age, since it is
quite unfossiliferous,

WEBSTER — THE ROCKFORD SHALES OF IOWA. 107

seventy feet. It is believed that this depression was at one time entirely
filled by this sandstone, and subsequently eroded by the action of the
ice and the waters derived from the melting of it, during the glacial
period.

That a better understanding of the richness of the Rockford shale
fauna and its relation to that of the subjacent strata may be gained, I
append a partial catalogue of the forms known to occur in them.* A
large percentage of the species enumerated have not been catalogued
by previous writers; but my own collection, made personally, embraces
all but one or two of the species listed, and these I have examined in
the cabinets of others who have personally collected them.

The species followed by + occur in the rocks which underlie the
shales, but do not extend upward into the shales. Some of those fol-
lowed by ? are undescribed forms, while others occur in the form of
casts, making their specific identification uncertain.

Stromatopora incrustans, H. & W. Spirorbis omphalodes, Goldfuss.

Stromatopora expansa, H. & W. _— Pleurotomaria ——-— ?
Stromatopora solidula, H. & W. = Acervularia inequalis, H. & W.
Ambonychia ———+? Smithia johanna, H. & W.
Caunopora planulata, H. & W. Smithia multiradiata, H. & W.
Rhynchonella venustula,t Hall. Callonema lichas? H.
Tellinomya— ? Stromatopora alternata, H. & W.
Fistulipora occidens, H. & W. Crania famelica, H. & W.
Alveolites rockfordensis, H. & W. Pachyphyllum woodmani, White. §
Aulopora iowensis, H. & W. Strophodonta arcuata, Hall.
Cladopora robusta,{ Rom. Gyroceras —t?

Aulopora saxivada, H. & W. Orthoceras vastator, Hall.
Zaphrentis solida, H. & W. Orthoceras procerus, Hall.
Campophyllum nanum, H. & W._ Strophodonta canace, H. & W.
Aulopora ————— 2. Strophodonta vaniabilis, Calvin.
Cypricardinia sublamellosa? H. Cryptonella eudora, Hall.
Stromatopora —? Dictyonema —?

Chonophyllum ellipticum, H. & W. Strobilocystites calvini,t White. ©
Cystiphyllum mundulum, H. & W. Spirifera ziczac,t Hall.
Chonophyllum —? Strophonella reversa, Hall.
Spirorbis arkonensis, Nich. Fenestella —?

* Aside from the species herein listed, we have in our cabinet over ejg/ty additional forms
from the shales, most of which are undescribed.

¢ The individuals of this species are exceedingly rare in the shales, and constitute the only
representatives of the genus C/adofora yet obtained here.

§ This species is not very abundant in the shales, and is somewhat limited in its geographical
range. It sometimes occurs in the limestone immediately underlying the shales.

§] This species was collected by me from the sandstone which underlies the shales, at Nora
Springs. It differs from the forms of this species collected at Iowa City, Iowa, mainly in
being somewhat larger. It is of much interest to note the wide distribution of this rare species
in the Devonian rocks of this State.

108 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Streptorhynchus chemungensis, Con. Leiorhynchus ———?
Orthis impressa, Hall. Leiorhynchus iris, Hall.
Productella truncata, Hall. Ambocelia umbonata, Con.}
Spirifera whitneyi, Hall. Gypidula occidentalis, Hall.
Spirifera hungerfordi, Hall. Paracyclas ——— f?
Spirifera orestes, H. & W. Euomphalus ——— ?
Platystoma ———? Loxonema pexatum, Hall.
Tentaculites —? Ortboceras
Spirifera cyrtiniformis, H. & W. Athyris vittata, Hall.§
Spirifera fimbriata, Con. Terebratula navicella, Hall.
Leperditia ———? Cryptonella calvini, H. & W.
Atrypa reticularis, Lin. Aviculopecten ———?
Spirifera disjuncta,t Sow. * Naticopsis gigantea, H. & W.
Orthis —_——_? Crania ?
Atrypa hystrix, Hall. Favosites ——— ?
Stenochisma contractum, 7'a7. saxa- Paracyclas sabini, White.
tile, Hall. Spirifera macbridei, Calvin.
Loxonema— ——? Platystoma lineata, Con.

Plates of Placoderm fishes allied to Dinichthys, and the teeth of
other species of fishes. There are also the remains of at least ten
species of crinoids, many of which are common both to the shales
and the underlying limestones.

The view that some of the fossil forms found in the shales were
“drifted in,” is advanced by some geologists. I can see no good evi-
dence for this hypothesis, however. I do not, at the present moment,
recollect of a single species (with the exception of Atrypa reticularis,
which occurs in the Niagara) occurring in the shales which is repre-
sented in any other rocks, either above or below the Devonian.
Neither have I observed more than twenty or thirty species (none of
the “drifted” ones are included) to occur in the rocks which imme-
diately underlie the shales, that do not also occur in the shales them-
selves.

The bedding of all the Devonian rocks, in this part of Iowa, includ-
ing the shales, is nearly or quite horizontal, showing no evidence of
disturbance at or subsequent to their formation. Any agency sufficient
to transport these forms from a distance, would also seem capable of
leaving a record of its action upon the shaly beds which contained
them. But if they were “drifted in” by the ordinary action of the sea,
it is evident that they would have been too poorly preserved to be
identified even as fossils.

* This species occurs throughout the sandstone at Rockford and Nora Springs, but is not
found in any of the rocks which underlie or overlie it.

{ The discovery of this species in the Rockford shales is of much interest, as I believe its
extreme western limit has been heretofore believed to be in the vicinity of Widder, Ontario.

§ This species was not before supposed to occur so far north in the Devonian rocks of Iowa,

WEBSTER—THE ROCKFORD SHALES OF IOWA. 10g

It is true that a few of the more common Arachiopoda and corals
found in these beds were worn and smoothed by attrition before being
imbedded; but if those forms (mostly ZLame/l/ibranchiata) which are
supposed to have been transported had been subjected to the same
action, all traces of organization would have been obliterated.

Again, there is no evidence that any of these forms were brought in
living, as their remains do not occur outside the shales.

It seems, then, that only one inference can be drawn, and that is,
that all of the forms found in the shales were indigenous; that all of
the individuals lived, died, and became imbedded where they are found
to-day.

From the general lithological characters of the shales, it would seem
that they originated as a shallow shore deposit formed at about the
close of the Devonian age in Iowa. The organic life of the old De-
vonian sea, in this portion of its area, culminated in these beds, the
underlying rocks, for the most part, being singularly devoid of fossil
remains.

IIo DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

MOUND EXPLORATIONS IN NORTHWESTERN
IOWA.

BY FREDERICK STARR, PH.D.

(Read before the Academy, Fune 24th, 1887.)

In November last, I had an opportunity of examining some remains
in Lyon County, in the extreme north-west corner of Iowa. These
have no great antiquity, but present some points of interest. The
locality is on the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Northern Railroad, a
mile beyond “LaValley” station, or “Brown’s.” ‘The spot lies near the
Little Sioux River and from it we may look across into Dakota, where
ridges with similar mounds may be seen. ‘The remains occur on a
ridge, and consist of a great number of mounds and peculiar stone
circles.

The following description sums up my own explorations and those
of Messrs. Nash and Cotton, surveyors in the employ of the railroad
company.

The mounds are mostly round, from thirty to fifty feet diameter, and
from three to eight feet high. Some few are oval and larger than the
above figures. There are very many of these mounds with no regular
arrangement. Upon the summit of the ridge there are great numbers
of “stone circles.” These are made of boulders laid with some care
and sunk some distance into the ground. Some mounds are scattered
around among these circles, but most of them surround the circle-
dotted area in a rude oval. The whole ground around the mounds
and circles is strewn with flint flakes, arrowheads, scrapers, potsherds,
etc. Stone mauls of good workmanship are found in the neighborhood.

To particularize, we opened two mounds— Nos. 1 and 2—and have
most of the specimens found in two others— 3 and’4. In Mound
No. 1 the material was a hard gravel, difficult to dig. Patches of ashes
were found. At a depth of two feet was found a skeleton with head to
the north and body stretched to the south. All the bones were found
in fair preservation. No “relics” were discovered.

The following structure was found in No. 2: 1, gravel; 2, black
soil; 3, ashes and black soil; 4, gravel. Some fragments of bones
and some potsherds were found in the second and third layers.

STARR— MOUND EXPLORATIONS IN NORTHWESTERN IOWA. IIt

Mounds 3 and 4 were alone, on a lofty ridge, south of the railroad.
No. 3 yielded skeletons of two adults and one child; also the bones of-
ahorse. A pipe was found here also. Deeper digging procured another
skeleton (adult), and a dog’s skeleton wrapped in buckskin. The
relics were six iron bracelets, fifteen feet of wampum, a grinding stone
and a red pipestone pipe. The skeleton had ear-rings of copper
attached to the head. Where the copper had oxidized, the skin and
hair were preserved. This very peculiar specimen is now at Burlington.
This mound was enclosed within a stone circle.

Mound No. 4 yielded a “stone wheel,” an arrowhead, a pretty little
maul of reddish granite, part of a jar, and some very /ard bone frag-
ments. A line of stones was laid across each end of this mound,
the lines being six or seven feet apart. The stone wheel deserves
description. It is perfectly true and elegantly polished. It is of a
dark, fine grain, solid stone. Its sides—z. e., top and bottom surfaces
—are concave; its rim, a perfect circle in outline, is convex in surface.
The specimen is six inches diameter and is perforated by a half-inch
hole at the centre. At the outer edge the ¢hickness is about one and
one-half inches; at the inner edge one-half inch or less. This stone
was evidently used in some pitching game, and is as fine as any of the
southern specimens of the same kind.

Regarding the stone circles, I copy from my note-book: One, near
Mound No. 1, was elliptical. It consists of one hundred and ten
boulders, averaging a foot in diameter. They are set almost close to-
gether, and are of all kinds—quartzite, granite, gneiss, schist, etc. In
another, the stones are nearly all of the same kind. In a third, two
feet intervene between boulders. One circle was sixty-three by thirty-
seven feet, and contained one hundred and ninety-seven stones.
Nearly all the circles have an “opening,” one to four and a half feet
wide, at the south-east. Some few are “double”’—one circle concen-
tric with another. Some have “guard stones” at the openings. Some
circles are confluent, and have some boulders in common. One group
of confluent circles contains seven, of which two are “double.” These
circles are generally supposed to be lines of stones to hold tent edges
down. I am not entirely satisfied that this is so. The fact that nearly
all the “openings” are to the south-east, while the prevailing wind is
north-west, seems to favor this theory. But if it is true, how shall we
account for the circle around Mound 3, the lines of stones upon Mound
4, or the very peculiar little circle on a steep side-hill, where a great
granite boulder is surrounded by a ring of smaller boulders, not accu-

L112 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

rately round, but somewhat heart-shaped? It is evident that a// are
not “tent anchors.”

A missionary of the American Sunday-school Union tells me that
stone mauls are yet common among the Dakotas, who use them in pre-
paring food. Choke-cherries are gathered, pounded to a pulp with
these mauls, kneaded into cakes, and dried. Also, a peculiar tuber,
with a structure somewhat like an onion, is gathered. ‘The outer skin
is husked off, and the rest pounded into a meal, which is mixed with
water, moulded into cakes, and cooked. ‘These are not the only func-
tions of such “mauls.” Indian implements are remarkable for their
manifold uses.

The state of the bones, the condition of the wampum, the preserva-
tion of the buckskin, the occurrence of iron, the presence of the skel-
eton of a horse, all go to show that there is no great antiquity for these
remains. ‘The story told is of a Dakota village, populous and active;
tents of skins, anchored by boulder-stones; arts of pottery making,
stone polishing, and flint chipping, fairly developed; trade carried on
with the whites to the east; the dead buried in mounds on the out-
skirts of the town; date, fifty to one hundred years ago.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS— BIRDS OF IOWA. 113

PRELIMINARY ANNOTATED CATALOGUE
OF THE BIRDS OF IOWA:

BY CHARLES R. KEYES AND H. S. WILLIAMS, M.D.

Read before the Academy, December 30, 1887.

In presenting the following catalogue of the Birds of Iowa it is pro-
posed to offer a preliminary statement of a more extended account of
the birds of the State, now in course of preparation. It is hoped that
Iowa students and collectors who are interested in ornithology, and in-
to whose hands this paper may fall, will give all possible aid both by
furnishing notes and local lists, and by the loan of such specimens as
may be desired for examination. It should be borne in mind that only
such species are inserted as have come under the personal observations
of the writers; and, for the most part, skins or mounted specimens of
the species herein enumerated, are to be found in their collections.
While there have been species observed which it has been hitherto im-
possible to secure, it has been thought advisable not to list them until
there is material in the collections which would corroborate any state-
ments made in regard to them. For this reason a number of forms
which, in all probability, occur within the limits of the State have not
been mentioned.

The observations, of which the present paper is a résumé, were made
chiefly in the vicinities of Charles City, Des Moines, and Iowa City;
and these have been supplemented by notes made by the writers at
various times in different parts of the State. The dates of arrivals and
departures are based entirely upon studies conducted in the vicinage of
Des Moines. Although possessed of extended notes from other parts
of the State upon the appearance in the spring and departure in the
fall of the various species of birds, the notes from Des Moines have
been exclusively used because of its central location in Iowa, and,
therefore, representing nearly a mean for the arrivals and departures
over the whole State.

The nomenclature and classification is that adopted by the American
Ornithologists’ Union, in its check list of North American Birds. Ref-
erence, by number, is also made to Baird’s Catalogue of North Ameri-

can Birds, 1858, (B); Ridgway’s Catalogue of 1881, (R); Coues’
[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.] 15 [October 1, 1888. ]

114 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Check List of 1882, (C); and the check list of the American Orni-
thologists’ Union of 1886, (U).

OrpdDER PYGOPODES. Divine Birps.
SUBORDER PODICIPEDES. GREBESs.

Famity PODICIPIDZE. GrEBES.
Genus COLYMBUS Linn tvs.
SuBGENUS DYTES Kaup.
[B 706, R 732, C 848, U 3.]
Colymbus auritus Linn. Horned Grebe. A rather common mi-
grant; not as yet observed breeding within the limits of the State.
[B 707, R 7334, C 850, U 4.]
Colymbus nigricollis californicus (Heerm.). American Eared
Grebe. Occurs in some portions of the State, but is not very common.

Genus PODILYMBUS Lesson.
[B 7o9, R 735, C 852, U 6.]

Podilymbus podiceps (Linn.). Pied-billed Grebe. Common sum-
mer resident; breeds in “sloughs.” On June 2, 1885, a fine set of eggs
was taken in a grassy marsh near Des Moines. The nest was com-
posed of decaying vegetable matter, and was placed in the water
among the stems of Indian rice (Zizania aquatica). It was about
fifteen inches in diameter, and raised about three inches above the sur-
face of the water. In the center of this mat, or nest, was a slight
depression in which the eggs were placed.

SUBORDER CEPPHI. Loons anp AUKS.
FamMiILy URINATORIDZ. Loowns.
Genus URINATOR Cuvier.
[B 698, R 736, C 840, U 7.]
Urinator imber (Gunn.). Loon. Migratory; rather common.
Said to breed in the northern part of the State, in the vicinity of the
larger “lakes.”

OrpER LONGIPENNES. LonG-wInceD SWIMMERs.
Famity LARIDA&. GULLS AND TERNS.
SUBFAMILY LARIN-E. GuULLs.
Genus LARUS Linn £us.
[B 661, R 666 a, C 773, U 514]
Larus argentatus smithsonianus Coues. American Herring Gull.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS— BIRDS OF IOWA. 115

Common spring and fall migrant arriving about the last of March
and passing southward again about the third week in October. It
often appears in flocks of a score or more but is more commonly
noticed singly, or in companies of three or four, flying about over the
rivers in search of food.
[B 664, R 669, C 778, U 54.]

Larus delawarensis Ord. Ring-billed Gull. Common about the
lakes of Northern Iowa where it is said to breed.

[B 668, 669, R 674, C 787, U 59.]

Larus franklinii, Sw. & Rich. Franklin’s Gull. Migratory; rather
common. Doubtless breeds within the limits of the State. Mr.
J. W. Preston found this species breeding at Heron Lake, Minnesota,
a few miles from the northern boundary of Iowa.

SUBFAMILY STERNINZAEZ. TERNS.
Genus STERNA Linn-£us.
SuBGENus STERNA.
[B 691, 686, R 685, C 798, U 69.]
Sterna forstert Nutt. Forster's Tern. Migratory; common. In
Central Iowa this species arrives about the first of May and is to be
seen gliding gracefully over the rivers and small lakes in search of food.

Genus HYDROCHELIDON Botr.
[B 695, R 693, C 806, U 77.]
Hydrochelidon nigra surinamensis (Gmel.). Black Tern. Spring
and fall migrant; abundant. Breeds, especially in the northern part of
the State about the grassy marshes and lakes.

OrpDER STEGANOPODES. TorrpeaLmMare SWIMMERS.
FamMILy PHALACROCORACIDZ. CorMORANTs.
Genus PHALACROCORAX Buisson.

SuBGENUS PFLALACROCORAX.

[B 623, R 643, C 751, U 120.]

Phalacrocorax dilophus (Sw. & Rich.) Double-crested Cormo-
rant. Spring and fall migrant; common. Breeds in the northern por-
tion of the State.

FAMILY PELECANIDZE. PELICANS.
Genus PELECANUS LINN us.
SUBGENUS CYRTOPELICANUS REICHENBACH,
[B 615, R 640, C 748, U 125.]
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmel, American White Pelican, Spring

116 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

and fall migrant; abundant. Often appears in large flocks, settling
sometimes in such numbers upon the lake shores as to resemble
drifts of snow, when seen from a distance.

OrpdER ANSERES. LAMELLIROSTRAL SWIMMERS.
FamMiLy ANATIDZ. Ducks, GEESE, AND SWANS.
SUBFAMILY MERGINAE. MERGANSERS.

Genus MERGANSER Brisson.

[B 611, R 636, C 743, U 129.]
Merganser americanus (Cass.). American Merganser. Rather
common migrant, frequenting the larger water-courses.

[B 612, R 637, C 744, U 130.]
Merganser serrator (Linn.). Red-breasted Merganser. Rather
rare in all portions of the State, but occasionally taken.

Genus LOPHODYTES REICHENBACH.
[B 613, R 638, C 745, U 131.]

Lophodytes cucullatus (Livn.). Hooded Merganser. Spring and
fall migrant; rather common. Doubtless breeds within the limits of
the State.

SUBFAMILY ANATINA. RIVER Ducks.
GENus ANAS LINNUvS.
[B 576, R 601, C 707, U 132.]

Anas boschas inn. Mallard. Spring and fall migrant; very abun-
dant. Arrives from the south about the middle of March, returning
again the first of October and remaining until the first of December.
Breeds in the northern part of the State.

[B 577, R 602, C 708, U 133.]

Anas obscura Gmel. Black Duck. Migratory; not common. Fre-
quents the larger lakes and rivers, but seldom seen on the smaller
streams. Mr. J. A. Allen, however, states that this species is “not un-
common along the rivers and in grassy ponds.”

SuBGENuS CHAULELASMUS BonaPartTeE.
[B 584, R 604, C 711, U 135.]
Anas strepera Linn. Gadwall. Spring and fall migrant; rather
common. Doubtless breeds in northern Iowa, inasmuch as the young
have been taken at “the lakes” in August.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS BIRDS OF IOWA. Li

SuBGENUS MERECA STEPHENS.
[B 585, R 607, C 713, U 137.]
Anas americana Gmel. Baldpate. Migratory; common. Has
not been observed during the summer.

SuBGENUS NETTION Kavup.
[Bi579, R612; C715, Urr3o.]
Anas carolinensis Gmelin. Green-winged Teal. Abundant mi-
grant. Breeds about the grassy marshes.

SUBGENUS QUERQUEDULA STEPHENS.
[B 581, R 609, C 716, U 140.]
Anas discors Linn. Blue-winged Teal. Abundant spring and fall
migrant; and common summer resident, breeding in the “sloughs.”

Grenus SPATULA Bole.
[B 583, R 608, C 718, U 142.]
Spatula clypeata (Linn.). Shoveller.* Migratory; rather common.
Has not yet been observed breeding within the limits of the State.

Genus DAFILA STEPHENS.
[B 578, R 605, C 710, U 143.]

Datla acuta (Linn.). Pintail. Spring and fall migrant; abundant.
Appears the second week in March, and remains until the middle of
April, returning again in October. Very large flocks are not unfre-
quently seen about the open ponds on the prairies.

Genus AIX Bole.
[B 587, R 613, C719, U 144.]

Aix sponsa (1.inn.). Wood Duck. Abundant migrant and rather
common summer resident, especially in the northern part of the State
where it frequents the wooded watercourses.

Genus AYTHYA Bote.
[B 591, R 618, C 723, U 146.]

Aythya americana (Eyt.). Red-head. Spring and fall migrant;
abundant, though in some localities it does not appear to be common.
[B 592, R 617, C 724, U 147.]

Aythya vallisneria (Wils.). Canvas-back. Notas abundant as the
last species, but rather common.

SuBGENusS FULIGULA STEPHENS.
[B 588, R 614, C 720, U 148.]
Aythya marila nearctica Stejn. American Scaup Duck. Migratory;
not common.

118 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

[B 589, R 615, C 721, U 149.]

Aythya atinis (Eyt.). Lesser Scaup Duck. Migratory; rather
common.

[B 590, R 616, C 722, U 150}.

Aythya collaris (Donov.). Ring-necked Duck. Spring and fall
migrant; abundant from the middle of March to the middle of April,
and from the middle of October to the middle of November. Some-
times winters about the rapids in the streams, even in the northern part
of the State.

Genus GLAUCIONETTA S7TE;NEGER.
[B 593, R 620, C 725, U 151.|

Glaucionetta clangula americana (Bonap.). American Golden-eye.
Migrant; rare. During several years past only a few have been ob-
served within the limits of the State.

Genus CHARITONETTA STFJNEGER.
[B 595, R 621, C 727, U 153)]
Charitonetta albeola (Linn.). Buffle-head. Spring and fall migrant ;

common.
GeNusS ERISMATURA Bonaparte.

[B 609, R 634, C 741, U 167:]
Erismatura rubida (Wils.). Ruddy Duck. Migratory, not very
common.
SUBFAMILY ANSERINAX. GEESE.
Genus CHEN Bote.
[B —, R 591 a, C 696, U 169.]
Chen hyperborea (Pall.). Lesser Snow Goose. Not uncommon
during periods of migration.

Genus ANSER Brisson.
[B 565, 566, R 593 a, C 693, U 171 a]
Anser albifrons gambeli (Hartl.). American White-fronted Goose.
Abundant during both spring and fall migrations.

Genus BRANTA Scopo.i.
[B 567, R 594, C 702, U 172.]

Branta canadensis (Linn.). Canada Goose. Migratory; common.
Breeds in the vicinity of Spirit Lake and other localities in Northern
Iowa.

[B 569, R 594 a, C 704, U 172 a.|

Branta canadensis hutchinsii (Sw. & Rich.). Hutchins’ Goose.

Migratory; not uncommon.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS

BIRDS OF IOWA. 1 i)

SUBFAMILY CYGNINAX. Swans.
Genus OLOR Wacte_er.
[B 561 dz, R 585, C 689, U 180.]
Olor columbianus (Ord.). Whistling Swan. Rare migrant.
[B 562, R 589, C 688, U 181.]
Olor buccinator (Rich.). ‘Trumpeter Swan. Migratory; not com-
mon. Said to breed in the northwestern part of the State.

ORDER HERODIONES. Herons, Srorks, IptskEs, Erc.
SUBORDER HERODII. HErRons, Ecrets, BIrrerNs, Etc.
FAMILY ARDEIDZE. HERONS, BITTERNS, ETC.

SUBFAMILY BOTAURINZ. BITTERNS.

Genus BOTAURUS HERMANN.

SuBGENuS BOTAURUS.

[B 492, R 497, C 666, U 190.]

Botaurus lentiginosus (Montag.). American Bittern. Migratory;
common in Southern and Central Iowa. Summer resident in the

northern part of the State, where it breeds abundantly about the “lakes”
and grassy marshes.
SuBGENUS ARDETTA Gray.
[B 491, R 498, C 667, U 191.]

Botaurus exilis (Gmel.). Least Bittern. Common summer resi-
dent. Breeds in the “sloughs.” ‘The nest is a small platform of stems
of plants woven among the growing stems of the Indian rice (Zizania
aquatica), and placed about a foot above the water. Eggs four or
five, laid about the last of May.

SuBrAMILY ARDEINA. Herons aND EcReTS.
Genus ARDEA Linn vs.
Suscenus ARDEA.
[B 487, R 487, C 655, U 194.]

Ardea herodias Linn. Great Blue Heron. Migratory; common.
Breeds in the vicinity of Spirit Lake and other parts of Northern Iowa.
SuBcenus HERODIAS Bore.

[B 486, 486%, R 489, C 658, U 196.]
Ardea egretta Gmel. American Egret. Summer resident; rare.
Observed along the borders of wooded streams.

120 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAI. SCIENCES.

SupGEeNus GARZETTA Kavp.
[B 485, R 490, C 659, U 197.]
Ardea candidissima Gmel. Snowy Heron. Very rare. Has been
taken at Des Moines, and in Floyd County in August.

SupGENus FLORIDA Batrp.
[B 490, R 493, C 662, U 200.]
Ardea cerulea Linn. Little Blue Heron. Rare. Observed only
during the summer, in the eastern part of the State.

SuBGENUS BUTORIDES Biyru.
[B 493, R 494, C 663, U 201.]

Ardea virescens Linn. Green Heron. Common summer resident,
arriving the last of April. Nests usually in small colonies among the
willows in swampy localities. Often a single pair is found nesting a
mile or two from water, and occasionally, also, in evergreens.

Genus NYCTICORAX STEPHENS.
SuBGENUS NYCTICORAX.
[B 495, R 495, C 664, U 202.]

Nycticorax nycticorax nevius (Bodd.). Black-crowned Night

Heron. Summer resident; rather common in some localities.

OrpER PALUDICOL. Craness, Rais, Etc.
SUBORDER GRUES. CRANES.

FaMILy GRUIDZE. CRANEs.
Genus GRUS PALtas.
[B 478, R 582, C 668, U 204.]
Grus americana (Linn.). Whooping Crane. Not uncommon dur-
ing migrations. Occasionally breeds in the northern part of the State.

[B 479, R 583, C 670, U 206.]
Grus mexicana (Mill.). Sandhill Crane. Abundant migrant, ar-
riving about the middle of March, and, on the return, again in October.
Breeds on the prairies of northwestern Iowa.

SUBORDER RALLI. Rais, GALLINULES, Coots, ETc.
FAMILY RALLIDZE. RalILs, GALLINULES, AND COoOTs.
SUBFAMILY RALLINZ. RalIts.
Genus RALLUS Linn vs.
[B 552, R 569, C 676, U 208.]
Rallus elegans Aud. King Rail. Not uncommon during migra-

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 125

tions. Breeds in the marshes near the larger lakes and in “sloughs.”
Unfledged young were found at Clear Lake late in August.
[B 554, R 572, C 677, U 212.]
Rallus virginianus Linn. Virginia Rail. Rather common during
migrations. Breeds in grassy marshes.

GeNuS PORZANA VIEILLOT.
Sees PORZANA.
[B 555, R 574, C 679, U 214.]
Porzana carolina (Linn.). Sora. Migratory; common. Arrives
the last of April. Breeds in the sloughs of northern Iowa.

SusBGENus COTURNICOPS BonaPar7eE.
[B.557, R575, C 680, U 215-]

Porzana noveboracensis (Gmel.). Yellow Rail. Occasionally ob-
served during migrations. Frequents the prairie sloughs, where it per-
haps breeds.

SUBFAMILY GALLINULIN#. GaALLINULES.
Genus GALLINULA Brisson.
[B 560, R 579, C 685, U 219.]

Gallinula galeata (Licht.). Florida Gallinule. Common summer
resident, breeding the last of May in the marshes of Indian rice (Z7-
sania aquatica), and rushes (Scirpus validus). ‘The nest is usually
placed upon broken-down stems just above the water or often resting
in the water, and is composed chiefly of rush stems. Eggs eight to
fourteen.

SUBFAMILY FULICINA. Coots.
Genus FULICA LINN us.
[B 559, R 580, C 686, U 221.|

Fulica americana Gmel. American Coot. Abundant during mi-
grations. Breeds.

OrpER LIMICOLZE. SHore Birps.

FamIty PHALAROPODIDZE. PHALAROPES.
Genus PHALAROPUS Brisson.
Suscenus STEGANOPUS VierLor.
[B 519, R 565, C 602, U 224.]
Phalaropus tricolor (Vieillot.). Wilson’s Phalarope. Common

during migrations in some localities; rarely seen in others. Breeds in
3

the grassy prairie marshes.
[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 16 [October 6, 1888. ]

I22 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

FamiLty SCOLOPACIDZE. Snipes, SANDPIPERS, ETc.
Genus PHILOHELA Guay.
[B 522, R 525, C 606, U 228.]
Philohela minor (Gmel.). American Woodcock. Summer resi-
dent; not uncommon in the woodlands bordering the water-courses.
Genus GALLINAGO Leacu.
|B 523, R 526a, C608, U 230.]
Gallinago delicata (Ord.). Wilson’s Snipe. Spring and fall mi-

grant; abundant.
Gencs MACRORHAMPHUS Leacu.

[B 524, R.527, C 609, U 231.]

Macrorhamphius griseus (Gmel.). Dowitcher. Not uncommon
during the migratory periods.

Gexus MICROPALAMA Batxp.
[B 536, R 528, C 611, U 233.]

Micropalama himantopus (Bonap.). Stilt Sandpiper. Migratory;
very rare. Observed but once, and that in early autumn on the open
prairie in Floyd County. ‘There were four individuals wading about in
a small pond; a single specimen only was secured.

Genus TRINGA Linn us.
SuBcENuS ACTODROMAS Kavp.
[B 531, R 534, C 616, U 239.]

Tringa maculata Vieill. Pectoral Sandpiper. Migratory; abun-

dant. Frequents the prairie ponds.

[B 533, R 536, C 617, U 240.]

Tringa fuscicollis Vieill. _White-rumped Sandpiper. Rather com-
mon migrant, appearing the last of March about the quiet pools near
the water-courses.

[B 532, R 538, C 614, U 242.]

Tringa minutilla Vieill. Least Sandpiper. Migratory; abundant.
Observed at Fairfield, July 13, 1886; there were several of this species
feeding on the borders of the reservoir of the water-works, just north

of the town.
Genus EREUNETES ILticer.

[B 535, R 541, C 612, U 246.]
Ereunetes pusillus (Linn.). Semipalmated Sandpiper. Spring and
fall migrant; rather common.
Genus CALIDRIS Cuvier.
[B 534, R 542, C 627, U 248.}
Calidris arenaria (linn.). Sanderling. Not common. Occurs
during migrations about the lakes of Northern Iowa.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 123

Genus LIMOSA Brisson.
[B 547, R 543, C 628, U 249.]

Limosa fedoa (Linn.). Marbled Godwit. Not very common. Fre-

quents prairie ponds during migratory periods.
Genus TOTANUS BeEcustTEIn.

SuBGENuS GLOTTIS Kocn.
[B 539, R 548, C 633, U 254.]

Totanus melanoleucus (Gmel.). Greater Yellow-legs. Migratory ;
common during April and September, feeding in small companies on
low, wet flats adjacent to water-courses.

[B 540, R 549, C 634, U 255.]

Totanus flavipes (Gmel.). Yellow-legs. Migratory; common. Fre-

quents the bayous along the rivers, and the muddy borders of prairie

ponds.
SUBGENUS RHYACOPHILUS Kavp.

[B 541, R 550, C 637, U 256.]

Totanus solitarius. (Wils.). Solitary Sandpiper. Migratory; com-
mon. Arrives the middle of April, frequenting the secluded pools in
marshy woodlands. Doubtless breeds in the State, but thus far its eggs
have not been discovered within its limits.

Genus SYMPHEMIA RarinesqueE.
[B 537, R 552, C 632, U 258.]
Symphemia semipalmata (Gmel.). Willet. Migratory; not uncom-

mon about the sloughs.
Genus BARTRAMIA Lesson.

[B 545, R 555, C 640, U 261.]

Bartramia longicauda (Bechst.). Bartramian Sandpiper. Summer
resident; abundant; frequenting the prairies. Arrives the middle of
Apmil. Nidification commences about the middle of May. During
the nesting season it is the most solicitous of birds. So fearless is it, at
times, that it may be killed with a walking-stick or struck with a whip
as it rests upon posts along the roadside.

Genus ACTITIS Iriicer.
[B 543, R 557, C 638, U 263.]
Actitis macularia (Linn.). Spotted Sandpiper. Common summer
resident, arriving the middle of April. Nests on the sand-bars along

the streams.
GeNus NUMENIUS Brisson.

[B 549, R 558, C 643, U 264.]
Numenius longirostris Wils. Long-billed Curlew. Migratory;
rather common. A few remain during the summer and nest on the
open prairies.

I24 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Famity CHARADRIIDZ. PLOVERs.
GENUS CHARADRIUS LINN-EUS.
SuBGENUS SQUATAROLA CuvVIER.
[Bi gro, Res513, C580, 0.270;
Charadrius squatarola (Linn.). Black-bellied Plover. Spring and

fall migrant; rare.
SuBGENuS CHARADRIUS LINNzus.

[Bysog isms, @5on- Un 272a|
Charadrius dominicus Mill. American Golden Plover. Spring and
fall migrant; abundant. Arrives the first week in April. Has been
taken at Des Moines as late as June 6.
Genus AZGIALITIS Bole.
SUBGENUS OXY ECHUS REICHENBACH.
[B 504, R 516, C 584, U 273.]
E-gialitis vocifera (Linn.). Killdeer. Abundant migrant and
common summer resident. Arrives the middle of March.

OrpDER GALLINZ. Ga ..uinaceous BirDs.

SUBORDER PHASIANI. PHEASANTS, GROUSE, PARTRIDGES,
Quaits, ETc.
FamMity TETRAONIDAE. Grouse, PARTRIDGES, ETc.
SUBFAMILY PERDICINA. ParTRIDGES.
Genus COLINUS Lesson.
[B 471, R 480, C 571, U 289.]

Colinus virginianus (Linn.). Bob-white. Common resident; for-
merly more abundant than now. During the winter many farmers care
for them, the quails coming regularly, like chickens, morning and even-
ing to be fed. During the fall flocks of these birds frequently come
into the towns, especially where there are many evergreens, and pass
the night. The nest is placed often in open woodland or meadows.
Eggs number from twelve to twenty in a single nest.

SUBFAMILY TETRAONINA. GkoOuSE.
Genus BONASA STEPHENS.
[B 465, R 473, C 565, U 300.]

Bonasa umbellus (Linn.). Ruffed Grouse. Resident; common in
some localities, rare in others. In the vicinity of Iowa City, and the
eastern portion of the State generally, it appears to be quite common
in the woodlands where it is found breeding. At Des Moines and in
some other localities it is seldom seen,

KEYES AND WILLIAMS BIRDS OF IOWA. 125

Genus TYMPANUCHUS Gtocer.
[B 464, R 477, C 563, U 305.]

Tympanucus americanus (Reich.). Prairie Hen. Resident; abun-
dant, though usually noticed more frequently during the fall and winter
than at other seasons of the year. Wanders about in large flocks
through the fields in search of food. It is reported that large numbers
are killed by flying against the telegraph wires and barbed-wire fences.
Instances of the latter, especially, have come under the observer’s
notice, as well as many similar ones among the smaller birds.

Genus PEDIOCAETES Batrp.
[Ee eae a |
Pediocetes phasianellus campestris Ridgw. Prairie Sharp- tailed
Grouse. Common on the prairies of northwestern Iowa.

FAMILY PHASIANIDZ. PHEAasAnTs, ETC.
SUBFAMILY MELEAGRINA. TuRKEys.
Genus MELEAGRIS LINN-£Us.

[B 457, R 470 a, C 554, U 310.]
Meleagris gallopavo Linn. Wild Turkey. Resident; formerly very
abundant, but becoming less common each year. A few are occasion-
ally taken in the heavily timbered districts along the streams.

OrpER COLUMB£. PIceEons.
Famity COLUMBIDZ. PIGEons.
Genus ECTOPISTES Swainson.
[B 448, R 459, C 543, U 315.]
E:ctopistes migratorius (Linn.). Passenger Pigeon. Large flocks
occasionally appear in different parts of the State. A few are usually

seen each spring, and a few pairs sometimes breed within the limits of
the State. A nest with one egg was taken at Charles City, June 14,

1879.
Genus ZENAIDURA Bonaparte.

[B 451, R 460, C 544, U 316.]

Zenaidura macroura (Linn.). Mourning Dove. Common summer
resident from the first week in April until November. Nidification
usually commences by the last of April. Although this species gener-
ally builds its nest in a tree, several nests have been found on the
ground and on low stumps. One instance was presented in which the
nest with eggs was found on plowed ground in a corn-field.

126 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

OrpDER RAPTORES. Birps or Prey.
SUBORDER SARCORHAMPHI. American VULTURES.
FamMiILy CATHARTIDZE. AMERICAN VULTURES.
Genus CATHARTES ILLIGEr.

[B 1, R 454, C 537, U 325.]

Cathartes aura (Linn.). Turkey Vulture. Common summer resi-
dent, arriving early in April and remaining until November. At Van
Meter, in Dallas County, a dozen or more, in company with crows,
were noticed on a sand-bar in the Racoon River, feeding upon dead
mussels. The water in the river had been quite high for some time,

and had fallen rather suddenly, leaving thousands of mussels stranded
on the bar, where they had died and were decaying.

SUBORDER FALCONES. Vuttures, Fatcons, Hawks, BuzZzarps,
EacLes, Kites, Harriers, ETc.

FamiLy FALCONIDAE. VuLTURES, FALCONS, HAWKs, EAGLES, ETC.

SUBFAMILY ACCIPITRINA. KITEs, BuzzarDs, Hawks, GOSHAWKS,
EAGLES, ETC.

Genus ELANOIDES VIEILLor.

[B 34, R 426, C 493, U 327.]
Elanoides forficatus (Linn.). Swallow-tailed Kite. Summer resi-
dent; common in some localities, rare in others. Arrives in April and

departs in September.
Genus CIRCUS LAcePEDE

[B 38, R 430, C 489, U 331.]

Circus hudsonius (Linn.). Marsh Hawk. Resident; abundant in
some localities, rare in others. In early autumn, large flocks are not
unfrequently seen flying over the prairies.

Genus ACCIPITER Brisson.
SUBGENUS ACCIPITER.
[B 17, R 432, C 494, U 332.]

Accipiter velox (Wils.). Sharp-shinned Hawk. Very common dur-
ing migratory periods, but not noticed often during the summer.

[B 15, 16, R 431, C 495, U 333.]

Accipiter coopert (Bonap.). Cooper’s Hawk. Summer resident;
rather common. Arrives about the first of April, and remains until
October. All nests examined contained no lining whatever—a few
stall pieces of bark only being in the center of the depression of the
nest. Eggs usually number four or five, laid the last of April.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS— BIRDS OF IOWA. 127

SuspGENuS ASTUR LAcEPEDE.

[B 14, R 433, C 496, U 334.]
Accipiter atricapillus (Wils.). American Goshawk. Rare; ob-
served only during the winter.

Genus BUTEO CuvIeEr.

[B23 RR 4365G 516, U-337-

Buteo borealis (Gmel.) Red-tailed Hawk. Resident; common.
The nest is commonly placed near the top of the highest tree in the
forest, and is often visible more than a mile away. ‘The eggs are laid
late in March, and are usually two or three —rarely four—in number.

[B 25, R 439, C 520, U 339.]
Buteo lineatus (Gmel.). Red-shouldered Hawk. Rather common
resident in some localities; rare in others.

[B 18,. 19, 22, 28, R 442, C 523, U 342.]
Buteo swainsoni Bonap. Swainson’s Hawk. Rather common;
breeds in central Iowa, and probably in other parts of the State.

[B 27, R 443, C 524, U 343.]

Buteo latissimus (Wils.) Broad-winged Hawk. Not uncommon
from April to October. In the proceedings of the United States
National Museum, Vol. [X., Mr. Ridgway gives a very interesting de-
scription of a melanistic specimen of this species taken at Crystal Lake
in Hancock County.

Genus ARCHIBUTEO Breum.

[B 30, 31, R 447, C 525, U 347 @.]
Archibuteo lagopus sancti-johannis (Gmel.) American Rough-
legged Hawk. Not uncommon; usually noticed from October to
March, in the fields and more open woodland.

Genus AQUILA Brisson.

[B 39, R 449, C 532, U 349.]
Aguila chrysaetos (Linn.). Golden Eagle. “Rare; a fine specimen
of this species was shot near Des Moines several years ago. Several
were taken in the eastern part of the State last year (1886).

Genus HALI4Z2ETUS Savicny. ee

[B 41, 43, R 451, C 534, U 352.) ~~, p R A & ~~
flaliwetus leucocephalus (Linn.). Bald Eag J
been taken at various times, and kept in
years.

128 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

SUBFAMILY FALCONIDA. FALcoNns.
Genus FALCO Linn-xus.
SUBGENUS “ESOLON Kavp.
[B 7 R 417, Cc 595; J 357-]
Falco columbarius Linn. Pigeon Hawk. Usually noticed during
the spring and fall migrations. Not common.
SuscENnus TINNUNCULUS VIEILLorT.
[B 13, R 420, 4204, C 508, 509, U 360.|
Falco sparverius Linn. American Sparrow-hawk. Summer resi-
dent; common from March until October. Nests in cavities in trees.
Commonly met with along country roads, where it perches upon tele-
graph poles and dead trees. It is not uncommon to see half a dozen
or more of these birds at one time, hovering over a field, and ever and
anon darting down to seize some unfortunate field-mouse, grasshopper,
or reptile.
SUBFAMILY PANDIONINZE. Ospreys.

Genus PANDION. Savieny.
[B 44, R 425, C 530, U 364.]
Pandion haliaetus carolinensis (Gmel.) American Osprey. Rare
summer resident. This bird is occasionally shot on the Des Moines
River a few miles above Des Moines city.

SUBORDER STRIGES. Owt.s.

Famu.y STRIGIDZ. Barn OwLs.

Genus STRIX Linn-£us.
[B 47, R 394, C 461, U 365.]
Strix pratincola Bonap. American Barn Owl. Rare. Very sel-
dom seen in central Iowa.

FaMILY BUBONIDZ2. HorNED OWLs.

Genus ASIO Brisson.

[B 51, R 395, C 472, U 366.]

Asio wilsonianus (Less.). American Long-eared owl. Resident;
apparently not as common as some of the other species of Iowa
Bubonide. This may be due, in part, to its nocturnal habits, though
it is not unfrequently met with in its favorite haunts—the dark shady
woodland covering the bluffs. It commences to breed about the sec-
ond week in April, and usually appropriates some abandoned nest of a

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 129

hawk or crow. A nest found on April 15, 1882, was situated in a
small tree in a deep ravine, and was supported only by a few
small twigs, at a height of about twenty feet; it contained five
slightly incubated eggs. The female was on the nest when discovered,
but quietly glided away when the tree was struck with a stick. On the
29th of the same month, two more nests were discovered, and a few
days later, another. The first of these three nests was placed about
fifteen feet from the ground, in the top of a small oak, and contained
three fresh eggs. The second nest contained four newly-hatched
young and two eggs nearly incubated; there were, within thirty yards
of this nest, a crow’s nest with young, and a nest of Cooper’s hawk
with three eggs. The manceuvers of the parent owls were quite com-
ical. When the ascent to the nest commenced both birds tumbled to
the ground feigning injury, and began a series of very plaintive notes,
somewhat similar to the whining of young kittens; at the same time
their wings were expanded around the body, and a furious snapping of
the beaks indulged in—a characteristic exhibited by the young of both
this species, the great horned and other owls, even before they leave
the nest. The nest found May 3d, contained four young, nearly fledged.
A week later, all with the exception of one had left the nest. A
number of nests of this species examined recently each contained five
eggs, which would seem to be the usual number.

At Charles City, a long-eared owl was picked up on the prairie, sev-
eral miles from any woods; it was not injured, yet allowed itself to be
taken with the hand.

[B 52, R 396, C 473, U 367.

Asio accipitrinus (Pall.). Short-eared Owl. Resident; rather com-
mon. Usually noticed flying over fields and marshy meadows in
search of food. During the winter they often resort to woodland.
Nests in May on open prairie.

Genus SYRNIUM Savieny.
[B 54, R 397, C 476, U 368.]
Syrnium nebulosum (Forst.). Barred Owl. Resident; common.

Frequents the heavy timber along the streams; nesting commences
about the middle of April.

Genus NYCTALA Bren.
[B 56, 57, R gor, C 483, U 372.]
| Nyctala acadica (Gmel.). Saw-whet Owl. Not common. Taken
occasionally in the autumn.
[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V]. 17 [October 18, 1888. ]

130 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Genus MEGASCOPS Kavp.
[B 49, part, R 402, C 465, U 373-]
Megascops asio (Linn.). Screech Owl. Resident; common. Per-
haps the most familiar of our owls. The eggs are laid in April.

Genus BUBO Cuvier.
[B 48, R 405, C 462, U 375.]

Bubo virginianus (Gmel.). Great Horned Owl. Resident; com-
mon in the heavy timber bordering the streams. The eggs are laid
about the middle of February, and are usually two in number. Of
eight nests taken in the immediate vicinity of Des Moines, all con-
tained two eggs each, except one, which contained three. The young
are fledged by the first of May. The nest is usually a shallow depres-
sion in the bottom of a cavity of some tree; or sometimes an aban-
doned hawk’s nest is selected. An instance of the former nesting-site
was presented February 17, 1883, near Des Moines, the place selected
being a large sycamore tree. The cavity was about three feet in diam-
eter, and of about the same depth. ‘There were three entrances, a
small and narrow one at the top, and two circular ones at the side, the
depression containing the eggs being near one of these lateral open-
ings. The bottom of the cavity consisted of decayed wood, which was
nearly hidden by snow. Scattered around were a dozen or more tail
feathers of the owls; the skull, several bones and bits of fur of a rabbit;
the leg of some large raptorial bird, and the remains of several smaller
birds besides a recently-captured pigeon.

The great horned owl occupies the same nest year after year, and
even if the nest be disturbed and the first set of eggs taken, often de-
posits a second set in the same nest. A pair of young, just about to
leave the nest was taken on May 2, 1882, and kept for three years con-
fined in a barn. About the middle of June the “horns” began to ap-
pear, and in three or fonr weeks were quite conspicuous. These birds
were fed on fresh beef and rats—the latter they usually captured.

[B 48, part, R 405 a, part, C 463, part, U 375 a@.]
Bubo virginianus subarcticus (Hoy). Western Horned Owl.
Rather rare. Occasionally taken in the northern part of the State.

Genus NYCTEA STEPHENS
[B 61, R 406, C 479, U 376.]
NVyctea nyctea (Linn.). Snowy Owl. Rather rare winter visitant
in central and southern Iowa; more common in the northern part of
the State, where it is found only on the prairies.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. Lesa

OrpER PSITTACI. Parrots, Macaws, PAROQUETS, ETC.
FamMILy PSITTACID.
Genus CONURUS Kunt.
[B 63, R 392, C 460, U 382.]
Conurus carolinensis (Linn.). Carolina Paroquet. Formerly oc-
curred in the southern part of the State, but has not been observed

recently. Mr. Tripp gives it as having occured in Decatur County,
but it must now be excluded from Iowa's avi-fauna.

OrDER COCCYGES. Cuckoos, ETc.
SUBORDER CUCULI. Cuckoos.
FamMiLy CUCULIDZE. Cuckoos, ANIs, ETc.

SUBFAMILY COCCYGINA. AMERICAN CUCKOOS.
Genus COCCYZUS VIEILLort.
[B 69, R 387, C 429, U 387.]

Coccyzus americanus (Linn.). Yellow-billed Cuckoo. Summer
resident; rather common, arriving the first week in May, and remain-
ing until the first of October. Nidification commences about the
middle of June, though fresh eggs have been taken as late as the sec-
ond week in August. It is not uncommon to find a nest that contains
a half- fledged young bird, a bird just hatched, a half-incubated egg, and
perhaps, also, a fresh egg.

[B 70, R 388, C 428, U 388.]

Coccyzus erythrophthalmus (Wils.). Black-billed Cuckoo. Summer
resident; not as common as C. americanus. Usually nests in bushes
in damp woodland, and, like the last species, lays its eggs at irregular
intervals.

SUBORDER AILCYONES. KINGFISHERS.

Famity ALCEDINID. KINGFISHERs.
Genus CERYLE Bore.
Suscenus STREPTOCERYLE Bonaparte.
[B 117, R 382, C 423, U 390.]
Ceryle alcyon (Linn.). Belted Kingfisher. Summer,resident ; com-

mon from March to November. Its eggs are usually laid the last week
in May.

132 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

OrpDER PICI. Wooprreckerers, WRYNECKS, ETC.
FAMILY PICIDA. WoOopPECKERs.
Genus DRYOBATES Bote.
[B 74, part, R 360, C 438, part, U 393.]

Dryobates villosus (Linn.). Hairy Woodpecker. Resident; rather
common. ‘The eggs are laid about the last of April. In the winter
this bird has been observed feeding upon fresh beef, which it picked
from bones brought into the yard by dogs.

[B 76, R 361, C 440, U 394.]

Dryobates pubescens (Linn.). Downy Woodpecker. Resident;
common. “This is the little spotted woodpecker that bores the apple
trees so persistently, but it does not appear to hurt them. In declaring
war against woodpeckers, the agriculturist will do well to discriminate
between the somewhat injurious and the highly beneficial species.”

(Coues ).

Genus SPHYRAPICUS Bairp.
[B 85, R 369, C 446, U 402.]

Sphyrapicus varius (Linn.). Yellow-bellied Sapsucker. Summer
resident; rather common, arriving the second week in April. This
species excavates its nest in the limb of some tree in the heavy timber
along the water-courses. Nidification commences usually about the
last of May. A number of nests have been examined near Des
Moines; one of these was not more than ten feet from the ground,
while another was over seventy-five feet. The latter was built in the
Jiving wood of an elm, and was carefully watched from the time the
nest was begun until it was finished.

Genus CEOPHL@GEUS Cagszanis.
[B 90, R 371, C 432, U 405.]

Ceophleus pileatus (Linn.). Pileated Woodpecker. Resident; not
uncommon in the heavy timber along the watercourses; rare in other
localities. It is becoming more and more rare each year, and will soon
disappear with the heavy forest tracts.

Genus MELANERPES Swalnson.
Suscenus MELANERPES.
[B 94, R 375, C 453, U 406.]

Melanerpes erythrocephalus (Linn.). Red-headed Woodpecker.
Summer resident; quite common. Arrives about the first of May and
remains until the middle of September. Breeds the first week in June.
Occasionally winters. One was seen one cold day in January, at Des
Moines. At Iowa City a pair was noticed on the University campus
nearly every day during the winters of 1885-86, and 1886-87.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 133

SuBGENUS CENTURUS SwalInson.
[B 91, R 372, C 450, U 409.]
Melanerpes carolinus (Linn.). Red-bellied Woodpecker. — Resi-
dent; rather common. Seen most abundantly in the spring and fall.

GrEnus COLAPTES SwalInson.

[B 97, R 378, C 457, U 412.]
Colaptes auratus (Linn.). Flicker. Resident; abundant. During
the season of 1880 more than fifty eggs were taken from the nest of
one pair of birds.

OrDER MACROCHIRES. Goatsuckers, Swirts, Etc.
SUBORDER CAPRIMULGI. GoarTsuckERs, ETc.

FaMILy CAPRIMULGIDZE. GoaTsUCKERs, ETC.

Genus ANTROSTOMUS Gou tp.

[B 112, R 354, C 397, U 417.]

Antrostomus vociferus (Wils.). Whip-poor-will. Summer resident ;
common in woodland, where it lays its eggs on the ground, among dry
leaves.

Genus CHORDEILES Swainson.
[B 114, R 357, € 399, U 420.]

Chordeiles virginianus (Gmel.). Night-hawk. Summer resident;
abundant from the first week in May until the first of October. In the
cities the eggs are laid on the gravel roofs of buildings. Usually about
the middle of September immense numbers pass southward in scattered
flocks —hundreds of birds being in sight at once.

SUBORDER CYPSELI. Swirts.
FamMILy MICROPODID. Swirts.

SUBFAMILY CHA TURIN. SPINE-TAILED SWIFTS.
Genus CHAE TURA STEPHENS.

[B rog, R 351, C 405, U 423.]

Chetura pelagica (Linn.). Chimney Swift. Summer resident;
abundant from the third week in April until the middle of September.
Breeds about the tenth of June. In towns it is most abundant, and
nests in chimneys— some of the large factory chimneys being occupied
by hundreds. In other portions of the State, hollow trees are often
taken for nesting sites.

134 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

SUBORDER TROCHILI. HummMING-BIRDs.

FamMiILy TROCHILIDZE. HuMMING-BIRDS.
Genus TROCHILUS LInntus.
[B 101, R 335, C 409, U 428.]

Trochilus colubris Linn. Summer resident; common from the sec-
ond week in May until the last of September. In July, 1881, one of
these birds was captured and confined in a room for more than a week.
Every day during that time it was offered sugar dissolved in water, of
which it appeared quite fond.

OrpER PASSERES. PERcHING BIRDs.

SUBORDER CLAMATORES. SONGLESS PERCHING BIRDS.

FAMILY TYRANNIDAE. Tyrant FLYCATCHERS.
Genus TYRANNUS Covier.
[B 124, R 304, C 368, U 444.]

Tyrannus tyrannus (Linn.). Kingbird. Summer resident; com-
mon from the last week in April to the third week in September. There
is a general impression prevailing among agriculturists that this species
captures and destroys many honey-bees, but “it destroys a thousand
noxious insects for every bee it eats.” (Cowes). Nests in orchards and
swampy woodland.

[B 126, R 306, C 370, U 447.]

Tyrannus verticalis Say. Arkansas Kingbird. No personal obser-
vation has been made on this species in Iowa. Mr. Allen, in his notes
on the birds of western Iowa, states that “at Boonesboro a pair of
large flycatchers were seen in the timber, which I scarcely doubt were
of this species. Having no gun with me at the time, I was unable to
get them, and did not meet with them elsewhere.”

Genus MYIARCHUS Casanis.
[PBirZ0eR: 312,1@ 373.0 ai52]]
Mytarchus crinitus (Linn.). Crested Flycatcher. Summer resi-
dent; common from the first of May to the third week in September.
Nests in bird-boxes and cavities in trees.

Genus SAYORNIS Bonaparte.

[B 135, R 315, C 379, U 456.]
Sayornis phebe (Lath.). Phoebe. Summer resident; abundant.
Arrives the third week in March, and commences nesting about the
middle of April. The nest is placed under bridges, sheds, overhanging

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 135

rocks, and similar sites. The eggs of this species are usually recorded as
pure white and unmarked. From the personal examination of nearly two
hundred nests, it would seem that at least one-fourth of the eggs were
marked with reddish-brown spots. The occurrence of spots upon eggs
normally without markings is not unfrequently noticed among the eggs
of the common barn-yard fowl; and it is also recorded of the robin

and other species.
Genus CONTOPUS CapsanIs.

[B 137, R 318, C 380, U 459.]

Contopus borealis (Swains.). Olive-sided Flycatcher. Rare; ob-
served only in the spring.

[B 139, R 320, C 382, U 46r.]

Contopus virens (Linn.). Wood Pewee. Summer resident; com-
mon from the roth of May until September. Its note may be heard at
almost any time after its arrival, in the woodland along the streams.

Genus EMPIDONAX Caganis.
[B 144, R 322, C 388, U 463.]

Empidonax flaviventris Baird. Yellow-bellied Flycatcher. Migra-

tory; not common. Appears the first week in May.
[B 143, R 324, C 384, U 465.]

Empidonax acadicus (Gmel.). Acadian Flycatcher. Summer res-
dent; not common. Several nests have been taken near Des Moines
during the past few years. One found May 26, 1881, was composed
of dry grasses, catkins, and spider-webs, and was pendant. It was at-
tached to the forks of a small horizontal branch, about seven feet from

the ground.
[B 140, R 325 a, C 385, U 466a.]

Empidonax pusillus traillii (Aud.). Traill’s Flycatcher. Migra-
tory; common. Appears the second week in May, frequenting the
willows along the streams. Breeds in the northern portions of the State.

[B 142, R 326, C 387, U 467.]

Eimpidonax minimus Baird. Least Flycatcher. Migratory; com-
mon. Arrives the first week in May. Breeds “in large numbers in
Mahaska County.” (Z7ripp.)

SuBORDER OSCINES. Sone Brrps.

Famity ALAUDIDA. Larks.
Genus OTOCORIS Bonaparte.
[B 302, R 300, C 82, U 474.]
Otocoris alpestris (Linn.). Horned Lark. Winter visitant; not
uncommon in eastern Iowa.

136 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

[B valk Ze , U 474 4.)

Otocoris alpestris praticola Hensh. Prairie Horned Lark. Resi-
dent; common. Breeds in the open fields and prairies. The eggs are
laid late in March, even before the snow has melted. Two broods are
usually raised in a season.

FamiLty CORVIDAZE. Crows, JAys, MAGPIES, ETC.
SUBFAMILY GARRULINE. MaGPIEs AND Jays.
Genus CYANOCITTA S7rRIcKLAND.

[B 434, R 289, C 349, U 477]

Cyanocitta cristata (Linn.). Blue Jay. Resident; abundant. No-
torious for its thievish propensities. The writer has seen the larger
part of a bushel of hazel nuts disappear from a shed-roof in a very
short time —all carried away by the jays. During the spring and fall
large flocks of these birds—often three or four hundred in number—
have been observed flying northward and southward, with every indica-
tion that they were migrating. In nest-building, this species has been
observed to procure materials by breaking off with its beak the dead
twigs of a tree in the proximity of the one in which the half-completed
nest was situated.

SUBFAMILY CORVINA. Crows.
Genus CORVUS Linn £us.
[B 426, R 282, C 340, U 488.]
Corvus americanus Aud. American Crow. Resident; abundant.
The eggs are laid about the first of April. The young taken from the
nest form very interesting pets.

Famity ICTERIDAE. BLACKBIRDS, ORIOLES, ETC.
Genus DOLICHONYX Swarnson.
- [B 399, R 257, C 312, U 494]
Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linn.). Bobolink. Summer resident;
common throughout central and northern Iowa. Arrives about the

first of May.
Genus MOLOTHRUS Swalrnson.

[B 400, R 258, C 313, U 495.]

Molothrus ater (Bodd.). Cowbird. Summer resident; abundant.
Arrives from the middle of March to April, and remains until October.
“Gregarious, polygamous, parasitic.” (Cowes.) Before the smaller
species of birds have commenced to build their nests, many of the fe-
males of MZ. afeyx are compelled to deposit their eggs in the nests of

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. TW)

some of the larger species: brown thrasher, chewink, rose-breasted
grosbeak, blue bird, bronzed grackle, etc. As many as six eggs of JZ.
ater have been taken at one time from the nest of a wood thrush.

Genus XANTHOCEPHALUS Bonaparte.
[B 404, R 260, C 319, U 497.]

Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (Bonap.). Yellow-headed Black-
bird. Summer resident; not common in the eastern portion of the
State; abundant in central and northern portions. Arrives the third
week in April, and commences breeding about a month later. Ample
opportunity for studying the breeding habits of this species is afforded
by a large prairie marsh a few miles from Des Moines. A colony of
several hundred of these birds has occupied this marsh for a number of

seasons past. Long before a single bird is seen the harsh, unpleasant

chorus, issuing from the middle of the marsh and heard amidst the
notes of thousands of red-wings, proclaims the arrival of the yellow-
head. Nidification begins three or four weeks later. The nest is a
large, bulky structure, composed chiefly of the dry leaves and small
stems of Indian rice (Z7zzania aquatica ), and lined with the tops of the
same plant; it is loosely woven around the standing rice stems, or
often around the growing stems of the bulrush (Scirpus validus ), and
is placed three or four feet above the water. The eggs are four or five
in number, often only three, and occcasionally six.

Genus AGELAIUS VIEILLor.

[B 401, R 261, C 316, U 498.]

A gelaius pheniceus (Linn.). Red-winged Blackbird. Summer res-
ident; abundant. Arrives about the middle of March and departs
about the middle of November. Its arrival is heralded by the appear-
ance of a few males, in company with the rusty blackbirds; a few days
later large flocks arrive. In the fall it associates promiscuously with
the rusty blackbird and bronzed grackle, together forming flocks of
many thousands, which wander about in woodland and corn-fields until
the departure for the south. The nest is usually placed in a tuft of
sedges a few inches above the water in a marsh; but often situated
ten or fifteen feet from the ground, in willows bordering the streams.
This species has been taken at Charles City, in December.

Genus STURNELLA ViIeEItor.
[B 406, R 263, C 320, U sor.]
Sturnella magna (Linn.). Meadow-lark. Summer resident; abun-
dant, arriving the middie of March.

[Proo. D. A. N.S., Vol. V]. 18 {November 1, 1888. ]

13< DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

[B 407, R 264, C 322, U sor 4.]

Sturnella magna neglecta (Aud.). Western Meadow-lark. Mr.
Tripp notices it from southern Iowa. In Floyd County it is more
common than S. magna, and frequents the outskirts of the towns, while
S. magna is usually found on the prairies.

Genus ICTERUS Brisson
SuBGENUS PENDULINUS ViegILtor.
[B 414, R 270, C 324, U 506.]
Icterus spurius (Linn.). Orchard Oriole. Summer resident; com-
mon. Arrives the first week in May and remains until September.
Nests in orchards and open woodland.

SuBGENUS YPHANTES VIEILLort.
[Bi 4rs, Re270, © 326,10 5o7.||

Icterus galbula (Linn.). Baltimore Oriole. Summer resident; com_
mon from the first of May until September. Its pensile nest is usually
attached to the twigs of a drooping branch of some tree. On one
occasion bits of twine and strips of colored cloth were placed in the
grass near a tree in which a pair of orioles were building a nest, and in
the course of a few days we were in possession of a very interesting
specimen of avian architecture, gay with many colors.

GrNus SCOLECOPHAGUS Swainson.
[B 417, R 273, € 331, U 509.]

Scolecophagus carolinus (Miull.). Rusty Blackbird. Spring and fall
migrant; abundant from the middle of March to the middle of May,
and from the middle of October to the middle of November. In
woodland when alarmed a whole flock, numbering several hundred,
will fly to the top of some tall tree and begin a loud, harsh vocalization,
which may be heard for a great distance.

Genus QUISCALUS VIEILLort.
SuBGENuS QUISCALUS.
[B —, R 278 4, C 337, U 511 6.|

Quiscalus quiscula eneus (Ridgw.). Bronzed Grackle. Summer
resident; abundant from the middle of March to the middle of Novem-
ber. In the spring it is not an uncommon sight to see a score or more
of these birds following the plow and devouring the grubs and insects
that are upturned. In the fall it mingles with the rusty and red-winged
blackbirds, frequenting the corn-fields in large flocks.

“The autumnal migrations of /cferzd@ at Burlington, Iowa, are notable
chiefly on account of the immense flocks of certain blackbirds which

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 139

congregate in that vicinity. ‘The extensive swamps bordering the Mis-
sissippi River above and below the city, on the Illinois side, form an
espécially favorable rendezvous for these birds, three species of which
are represented nearly in equal numbers— Quwzscalus quiscula eneus,
Scolecophagus carolinus, and A gelaius pheniceus. During September
and October, the corn-fields of Iowa are visited by countless numbers-
of these black marauders, which wander about in mixed flocks of sev-
eral thousands, passing the day in the fields, and the nights in the wood-
land or marshes. And it is during this period that so many thousands
are poisoned and killed by the farmers. About the first of October,
these birds begin to appear from the more northern districts, pouring
into the Burlington swamps in myriads, and by the middle of the
month immense numbers have here collected. Just before sunrise vast
flocks begin to yise out of the swamps and radiate in all directions to-
wards the inland corn-fields, where they spend the day, returning again
to the swamps before sunset. These flocks are often a quarter of a
mile in width, and are more than an hour in passing—a great, black
band slowly writhing like some mighty serpent across the heavens, in
either direction its extremities lost to view in the dim and distant hor-
izon. Not unfrequently three or four such vast flocks are in sight at
one time. How far away from their night retreats they wander each
day has not been observed; an hour and a half before sunset, twelve
miles away from the river, the mighty armies of blackbirds are still seen
coming over distant hills and directing their courses toward the marshes.
It is evident, however, that many miles are daily traversed in their
journeys to and from their feeding grounds. Making liberal deductions
for any possibility of over-estimating, the numerical minimum of indi-
viduals in a single flock cannot be far from twenty millions.” *

FAMILY FRINGILLIDAE. FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC.
Genus COCCOTHRAUSTES Brisson.
SuBGENUS HESPERIPHONA Bonaparte.
[B 303, R 165, C 189, U 514.]

Coccothraustes vespertina (Coop.). Evening Grosbeak. Winter
visitant; rare, and rather erratic, though its appearance is more regu-
lar in the northern than in other portions of the State. It arrives from
the north about the last of November, and remains until May. A
flock of these birds spent the winter of 1886—7 in the vicinity of Iowa
City, and chiefly around the State University. The movements of a
flock of more than one hundred individuals which livened the campus
for nearly ten weeks, were watched with deep interest. During its

* Blackbird Flights at Burlington, lowa,— Charles R. Keyes. The Auk, Vol. V., p. 207.

140 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

sojourn, twenty fine specimens were secured, several of which were
dissected for the purpose of further determining the nature of the food
of this interesting species. “About the middle of December several
were observed a short distance north of the city, but it was not until
the first of February that they began to court the society of man and
appear in the principal streets. When first noticed in the town, there
was a flock of twenty-five or thirty feeding upon the samare, or key-
fruits, which were still attached to the branches of the box-elders. The
kernels of the keys were quickly and adroitly removed, and the refuse
allowed to fall upon the snow beneath, which, after a short time, was
thickly strewn with the remains of the feast. On the 23d of February,
a flock of over one hundred suddenly appeared on the University
campus, and, after remaining an hour or more, departed. From this
date until the 3oth of April—nearly ten weeks —it was gheir custom to
visit the campus and remain until noon, when they would fly away and
spend the remainder of the day elsewhere. During their stay, the food
of these birds consisted chiefly of the samar@ of the box-elders and
sugar maples, the young leaf-buds of various trees, seeds, and grain; to
obtain the latter the whole flock would often alight on the ground and
eagerly devour the scattered grain. As spring advanced they were
usually seen, especially early in the morning, in the top of some tree,
singing or chattering noisily, thus attracting the attention of nearly
every passer-by. Their loud, clear, rather harsh, piping notes, uttered
in concert, reminded one forcibly of the familiar chorus of the rusty
blackbirds in the spring, and have also been likened to the shrill piping
rising from some frog-pond on a quiet summer evening.” * This species
has appeared in the vicinity of Iowa City on two different occasions,
February, 1884, and the winter of 1886-7. It is also reported from
Charles City in March; Grinnell, December, April, and May; and at
Burlington in the southeastern part of the State.

Genus PINICOLA VIEILLor.
[B 304, R 166, C 190, U 515.]
Pinicola enucleator (Linn.). Pine Grosbeak. Winter visitant; rare.
During the winter of 1878—9, a few small flocks appeared in the vicin-

ity of Charles City.
Genus CARPODACUS Kavp.

[B 305, R 168, C 194, U 517.]
Carpodacus purpureus (Gmel.). Purple Finch. Spring and fall mi-
grant; abundant. In central Iowa it usually appears about the last of

*C. R. Keyes, Occurrence of Coccothraustes vespertina in Iowa. The Auk, Vol. V., p. 114.
Abstract of a paper read at the Fifth Meeting of the American Ornithologist’s Union, held at
Boston, October 11-13, 1587.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. I4I

February, and remains until May; the fall sojourn is from the middle of
October to the middle of December. It frequents orchards and open

woodland.
Genus LOXIA LINN£us.

[B 318, R 172, C 199, U 521.]

Loxia curvirostra minor (Brehm.). American Cross-bill. An ir-
regular winter visitor. Generally seen from the middle of October un-
til the first week in May. At Charles City, during the spring of 1878,
it appeared in large numbers, remaining until the end of the first week
in May. In July of the same year, a flock was also noticed in Floyd

County.
[B 319, R 173, C 198, U 522.]

Loxia leucoptera Gmel. White-winged Cross-bill. Rare; usually
noticed only in mid-winter.

Genus ACANTHIS BeEcus7eEIn.
[B 320, R 179, C 207, U 528.]

Acanthis linaria (Linn.). Red-poll. Winter visitant ; irregular, but
usually abundant during its sojourns. In February it has been noticed
feeding upon the seeds of the rag-weed (A mbrosza).

Genus SPINUS Kocu.
[B 313, R 181, C 213, U 529.]

Spinus tristis (Linn.). American Goldfinch. Resident; abundant.
In winter it frequents the fields and borders of woodland, feeding upon
the seeds of the rag-weed. The flocks often contain several hundred
birds, but as warm weather approaches their number daily diminishes,
until about the middle of June, when there are but few individuals re-
maining in the company. It breeds in July and August.

[B 317, R 185, C 212, U §33-]
Spinus pinus (Wils.). Pine Siskin. Winter visitant; not common.
Genus PLECTROPHENAX STEJNEGER.
[B 325, R 186, C 219, U 534.]

Plectrophenax nivalis (Linn.). Snowflake. Winter sojourner; con-
fined almost exclusively to the fields and prairies. It is quite common
in the northern parts of the State; rare in southern portion, where it
is seen only during severe winters.

Genus CALCARIUS BEcustTeEIN.
[B 326, R 187, C 220, U 536.]

Calcarius lapponicus (Linn,). Lapland Longspur. Winter visitor ;
abundant. Associates with Plectrophenax nivalis, and is more com-
mon than that species.

142 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

[B 327, R 188, C 221, U 537.]

Calcarius pictus (Swains.). Smith’s Longspur. Migratory; com-
mon. Appears about the middle of April, in companies of fifty or
more, and frequents old “stubble” fields. In crossing a field, a bird
suddenly darts out from nearly under the feet of the observer, and flies
upward, nearly perpendicularly, almost out of sight. A few steps
further, and a couple of more do likewise, and, shortly after, again,
several others. After a few minutes they drop to the ground, three or
four hundred feet in advance. As they rise they give utterance to
their peculiar notes, and, on alighting, begin feeding again, unconcern-
edly. By cautiously advancing, several may be secured. Upon dis-
section, the food is found to consist of grain and seeds of various weeds.

Genus POOCAETES Batrp.
[B 337, part, R 197, C 232, U 540.]
Poocetes gramineus (Gmel.). Vesper Sparrow. Common migrant,
arriving the first week in April. Doubtless also a summer resident.

Genus AMMODRAMUS Swainson.
SuBGENuS PASSERCULUS Bonaparte.
[B 332, R 193 a, C 227, U 542 a.]

Ammodramus sandwichensis savanna (Wils.). Savanna Sparrow.
Migratory; common. Arrives early in April. Doubtless breeds within
the limits of the State. It has been observed during the summer in
the prairie sloughs of Polk County.

SuBGENUS COTURNICULUS Bonaparte.
[B 338, R 198, C 234, U 546.]

Ammodramus savannarum passerinus (Wils.). Grasshopper Spar-
row. Summer resident; common from the middle of April until Oc-
tober. Breeds in the fields and prairies.

[B 339, R 199, C 236, U 547.]
Ammodramus henslowii (Aud.). Henslow’s Sparrow. Summer res-
ident; common. Arrives about the same time as the last species, with

which it associates.
[B 340, R 200, C 237, U 548.]

Ammodramus leconteii (Aud.). Leconte’s Sparrow. Rather com-
mon. Seen usually in the spring, in the grass of sloughs near wood-

land.
Genus CHONDESTES Swalrnson.

[B 344, part, R 204, C 281, part, U §52.]
Chondestes grammacus (Say). Lark Sparrow. Summer resident;
common from the middle of April until October. In the spring it is

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 143

first noticed along the*roadsides and in fields, where, a little later in
the season, it breeds.
Genus ZONOTRICHIA Swainson.
[B 348, R 205, C 280, U 553.]

Zonotrichia querula (Nutt.). Harris’s Sparrow. Migratory; com-
mon. In central Iowa it appears the third week in April, and sojourns
until the middle of May. In the fall it is usually noticed from the
middle to the last of October. During the latter part of September,
1880, it was very abundant at Spirit Lake, Dickinson County.

[B 345, R 206, C 276, U 554.]
Zonotrichia leucophrys (Forst.). White-crowned Sparrow. Migra-
tory; rather common. Frequents open woodland.

[B 349, R 209, C 275, U 558.]
Zonotrichia albicollis (Gmel.). White-throated Sparrow. Migra-
tory; abundant from the middle of April to the middle of May, and
from the middle to the last of October.

Genus SPIZELLA Bonaparte.
[B 357 part, R 210, part, C 268, part, U 559.]
Spizella monticola (Gmel.). Tree Sparrow. Abundant migrant and
common winter resident from October to April. Associates with the
juncos and goldfinches. i

[B 359, part, R 211, C 269, U 560.]

Spisella socialis (Wils.). Chipping Sparrow. Summer resident;
very common from March until the middle of October. Perhaps the
most familiar of our sparrows. Builds its nest in evergreens and vines
in door-yards; and in hawthorn and similar trees in open woodland.

[B 360, R 212, € 272, U 56r.|
Spisella pallida (Swains.). Clay-colored Sparrow. Migratory ; com
mon: Arrives early in May and frequents open woodland.

[B 358, R 214, C 271, U 563.]

Spisella pusilla (Wils.). Field Sparrow. Summer resident; com-
mon from early in April to October. The nest is usually placed in a
tuft of grass, and is composed of dried grasses which are interwoven
with the living grass, and lined with hair. Eggs usually four in number.

Genus JUNCO Wacter.

[B 354, R 217, C 261, U 567.]
Junco hyemalis (Linn.). Slate-colored Junco. Spring and fall mi-
grant; abundant. Many remain from October to April.

144 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

GreNus PEUCZEA AunuBoN.
[B 370, part, R 226 a, C 252 U, 575 a.]

Peucea estivalis bachmanii (Aud.). Bachman’s Sparrow. This
species is entered here upon the following data: On the 2d of June,
1884, Mr. J. B. Green, of Des Moines, while collecting, several miles
east of the city, passed through several fields in search of the eggs of
the yellow-winged sparrow, and other ground-nesting species which
were known to breed there. Mr. Green says: “I had passed through
a corn-field and had just entered a field of clover, when I started from
nearly under my feet, a sparrow somewhat larger than a yellow-winged,
but not having my gun with me, I was unable to secure it. After a
brief search I discovered a nest containing five white eggs, which being
without markings, I knew did not belong to a Coturniculus; Dut not
wishing to take the eggs without, at least, a good look at the bird, I
continued hunting for other nests, while awaiting its return to the nest.
After a time I returned, with more caution than before, and again
flushed the bird, but this time I succeeded in noting more carefully its
appearance, which, on arriving home, and taking into consideration the
eggs, corresponded with Peucea estivalis bachmanii. ‘The nest was
placed in a slight depression at the base of a tuft of clover, and was
composed of dry grasses, lined with finer materials and a few hairs.”

Two of the eggs were sent to Professor J. A. Allen for further iden-
tification. Mr. Allen replied:

“T have compared the eggs with those of Peucea estivalis, P. cas-
sini, and P. carpalis, and with those other species laying white, or
whitish eggs. Taking into account the situation of the nest—on the
ground—and the geographical distribution of the other species of
Peucea, and the few other species of finch which lay white eggs, I
should say that your conclusions that these eggs are those of P. @stv-
valis bachmanii is highly probable—in fact, almost beyond question.
I find, however, that the eggs sent are absolutely indistinguishable from
those of P. carpalis, to which, of course, for geographical reasons, they
cannot belong; and they are also indistinguishable from eggs of Poospiza
(Amphispiza) belli, which is a species likewise out of the question, for
geographical reasons. The eggs of P. @stiva/is are a little larger, and
a purer, glossy white, as are also those of P. cassinz, differing from the
eggs of both of these species quite markedly in both of these particu-
lars. Your eggs have a slight bluish cast, and in this respect, and in
size, also similar to the eggs of Cyanospiza cyanea. Had not the nest
been placed on the ground, I should have said that they were eggs of
this species. If P. @stivalis bachmanii occurs with you, it would

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. T45

seem that they must be the eggs of that bird. And the only question
I can see about them is whether they may not be those of Cyanospiza
cyanea; but the position of the nest seems to render this improbable.”

Genus MELOSPIZA Bairp.
[B 363, R 231, C 244, U 581.]

Melospiza fasciata (Gmel.). Song Sparrow. Migratory; abundant.

Resident in small numbers through the summer.
[B 368, R 234, C 242, U 583.]

Melospiza lincolni (Aud.). Lincoln’s Sparrow. Migratory; com-
mon from the 2oth of April to the middle of May, and from the middle
to the last of October. It frequents the underbrush in open woodland,
where it is found in scattered flocks, in company with other sparrows.

[B 369, R 233, C 243, U 584.]

Melospiza georgiana (Lath.). Swamp Sparrow. Common spring
and fall migrant, arriving about the middle of April, and in the autumn
in September. Doubtless breeds in the State, in wet and marshy
ground.

Genus PASSERELLA Swarnson.
[B 374, R 235, C 282, U 585.]

Passerella iliaca (Merr.). Fox Sparrow. Spring and fall migrant;
abundant. Arrives the last week in March, and remains about a month;
in the fall it is noticed from the first to the last week in October. This
species, in size and color, resembles some of our thrushes, and, as its
habits and haunts are not unlike those of the 7urdide, it might readily
be mistaken, at first sight, for a member of that family. Its arrival is first
made known by the appearance of a few individuals in open woodland,
but in three or four days it becomes common and wanders about in

scattered flocks.
Genus PIPILO VIEILLorT.

[B 391, R 237, C 301, U 587.]

Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Linn.). Towhee. Summer resident;
common; arriving the last week in March, and departing in October.
It frequents the open woodland, where it usually nests on the ground,
under some bush, but sometimes the nest is placed in a shrub.

Genus CARDINALIS Bonaparte.
[B 390, R 242, C 299, U 593.]

Cardinalis cardinalis (Linn.). Cardinal. Not common. Only
occasionally seen in central Iowa, but noticed more often in the
southern portion of the State. It has been taken in the latter part of

December, at Iowa City.
[Proo. D. A. N.S8., Vol. V]. 19 [November 6, 1888. ]

146 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Genus HABIA REICHENBACH.
[B 380, R 244, C 289, U 595.]

ffabia ludoviciana (Linn.). Rose-breasted Grosbeak. Summer
resident; common, arriving the last of April, and remaining until the
last of September. It nests in orchards and open woodland in the
vicinity of streams. The nest is placed at various heights —from eight
to forty feet from the ground—usually from ten to twenty. The eggs
are generally four in number, often three, and occasionally five. In
this vicinity it has never been found nesting in bushes, as has been
reported from many other localities. A fine albino of this species was
taken at Des Moines in July, 1885. ‘The elegant plumage and melodious
song makes this species very desirable as a cage bird.

Genus PASSERINA VIEILLor.
[B 387, R 248, C 295, U 598.]

Passerina cyanea (Linn.). Indigo Bunting. Summer resident;

common from the first week in May until September.
Genus SPIZA Bonaparte.
[B 378, R 254, C 287, U 604.]

Spiza americana (Gmel.). Dickcissel. Summer resident; abun-
dant from the last of April until October. It is one of the most familiar
species of the fields and meadows, where it may be seen perched upon
the top of some weed or small tree, uttering at short intervals its
monotonous notes.

Famity TANAGRIDAE. TANAGERS.
Genus PIRANGA VIEILLoT.
[B 220, R 161, C 154, U 608.]

Piranga erythromelas Vieill. Scarlet Tanager. Summer resident;
common. In central Iowa it arrives about the last of April, and remains
until the middle of September. A rather retiring bird, usually met
with in the timber bordering the streams. Breeds about the last of
May. ‘The nest is usually placed upon a horizontal limb, thirty or
forty feet from the ground, and almost invariably contains, besides its
own eggs, from one to three of the cowbird ( Molothrus ater ).

[B 221, R 164, C 155, U 610.]

Piranga rubra (Linn.) Summer Tanager. Rare. During the
season of 1880, this species was observed at Des Moines, and three
nests with eggs taken, but since then has not been noticed in that
vicinity. One of the nests taken July 23d, contained two eggs about
half incubated. The nest was placed on the horizontal limb of an elm
tree in a rather open grove, and was about fifteen feet from the ground.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 147

Eggs similar to those of P. erythromelas. Both birds came within a
dozen feet of the intruder, and were distinctly seen. The absence of
the black of the tail and wings of the male and the whitish bill were
points noticed as unequivocally distinguishing this species from its near
relative. The other two nests each contained three eggs, and were
taken in the immediate vicinity of the one just mentioned.

FamMity HIRUNDINIDZE. Swattows.
GENus PROGNE Bote.
[B 231, R 152, C 165, U 611.]

Progne subis (Linn.). Purple Martin. Summer resident; abun-
dant. In central Iowa it usually arrives the last week in March, and
departs before the middle of September. The eggs are laid the last of
May. After the young are fledged the birds assemble in flocks, usually
selecting some large dead tree as a place of rendezvous, the young
birds remaining most of the time on the tree, and are fed by the old
ones. This is continued until the young are able to take extended
flights. They constantly increase in numbers until they depart for the
south. A marked instance of this kind occurred at Des Moines in
1884. Towards the last of August, the martins began to gather around
the spire of the First Methodist Episcopal Church. Their numbers
daily increased until there were many hundreds. For several days the
spire was literally black with the birds clinging to the sides and to
every projection that afforded them a support. Many were continually
dropping off and sailing away for a short flight, while others took pos-
session of the places vacated. They remained in this way for several
days, and then suddenly took their departure—for the next day not a
bird was seen. After the flock had disappeared but few martins were
noticed, and they were stragglers from elsewhere.

Genus PETROCHELIDON Cazanis.
[B 226, R 153, € 162, U 612]

Petrochelidon lunifrons (Say.). Cliff Swallow. Summer resident;
abundant from the first week in May until September. It nests in
large colonies, under the eaves of barns and old mills. Nidification
commences about the 20th of May. It is frequently noticed flying
about over the prairies, far away from any habitation.

Genus CHELIDON FORSTER.
[B 225, R 154, C 159, U 613.]

Chelidon erythrogaster (Bodd.). Barn Swalldw. Summer resident ;
common, but apparently somewhat irregular in its distribution. Arrives
the middle of April, and remains until the middle of September. The

148 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.
nest is attached to the rafters of old barns, or is placed under a bridge.
The eggs are laid the last week in May. In the spring when it first
arrives, it is seen skimming over the surface of ponds in company with
other swallows, and is not unfrequently noticed flying over the fields at
some distance from dweilings.

Genus TACHYCINETA Casanis.

[B 227, R 155, C 160, U 614.]

Tachycineta bicolor (Vieill.). Tree Swallow. Summer resident;
rather common. Arrives about the first of May, and departs about
the middle of September. Nests in cavities in trees, and boxes. In
the spring it appears in company with the barn swallow.

Genus CLIVICOLA ForstTER
[B 229, R 157, C 163, U 616.]

Clivicola riparia (Linn.). Bank Swallow. Summer resident;
breeds abundantly in all parts of the State. A few miles above Mus-
catine a large colony of these birds occupies the perpendicular side of
a deep excavation in a hillside; the bank is literally honeycombed,
and thousands of swallows flying about reminds one, at a distance, of a
swarm of bees. Considerable confusion appears to exist among many
observers, who confound this with the following species.

Grenus STELGIDOPTERYX Batirp.
[B 230, R 158, C 164, U 617.]

Stelgidopteryx serripennis (Aud.). Rough-winged Swallow. Sum-
mer resident; abundant, arriving about the middle of April. In cen-
tral Iowa, especially in Polk and the contiguous counties, this species
is quite abundant, almost to the exclusion of the bank swallow. The
nests are usually built in the alluvial banks of the streams, or in the
sides of gravel pits and in road-cuts. Several years ago, three nests
were taken in a cut which afforded a bank less than three feet in height.
In the spring after its arrival, it may be seen flying about in the vicinity
of the banks which it has selected for its future home. Usually
there are ten to fifty or more pair occupying, with a few bank
swallows, a cliff on a bend in a river. About the first or second
week in May they commence excavating, for a nest, a hole to the
depth of two or three feet. At the terminus of the excavation is placed
the nest, which is usually composed of bits of hay and grass taken from
a barn-yard. By the first of June the full complement of eggs—from
five to seven—is laid; the period of incubation is about two weeks.
A little careful observation will enable almost any one to distinguish
between this species and preceding, even when on the wing and at
some distance,

KEYES AND WILLIAMS

BIRDS OF IOWA. 149

FamMiLy AMPELIDAX. Wax-wincs, ETc.
SUBFAMILY AMPELINA. WaAx-wiInGs.
Genus AMPELIS Linn£us.
[Bi 232) 150, © 166, Users]
Ampelis garrulus Linn. Bohemian Wax-wing. Winter visitant;
rather rare. During the winter of 187980 large flocks of these birds

visited the north-west. They came familiarly about the towns, feeding
upon the berries of the mountain ash.

[B 233, R 151, C 167, U 619.]

Ampelis cedrorum (Vieill.). Cedar Wax-wing. Spring and _ fall
migrant; abundant, and resident in small numbers throughout the year.
In the fall it is noticed in abundance towards the last of October, feed-
ing upon berries, with the juice of which its plumage, at this season, is
much soiled. In the spring it is usually seen in small flocks towards
the last of March or early in April. It appears in the orchards, feed-
ing upon the apples which happen to be left upon the trees, and fre-
quently alighting on the ground below and gorging itself with the decay-
ing fruit. At Des Moines it is observed all the year. Nesting is
postponed until late in the season, seldom being commenced before the
first of July. Eggs have been taken at Iowa City, Charles City, and
other localities in the State.

Famity LANIIDAE. SHrikEs.
Genus LANIUS Linn£us.
[B 236, R 148, C 186, U 621.]

Lantus borealis Vieill. Northern Shrike. Winter resident. Not
uncommon from the last of October to March. When seen, it is usually
solitary, and perched upon the topmost twig of some tree along road-
sides. This and the next species are often confounded, and it has sev-
eral times been reported as breeding within the limits of the State.

[B 238, R 149 a, C 188, U 62241]

Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides (Swains.). White-rumped Shrike.
Summer resident; rather common. Begins nesting about the last of
April; probably raising two broods in a season. On several occasions
the full complement of eggs has been taken in the middle of June, after
the earlier birds of the season are fledged and able to take care of
themselves. The osage orange hedges are favorite nesting sites for
this species. The nest is rather large, composed of sticks, twigs, leaves,
hair, and an abundance of feathers. The eggs are usually six in num-
ber. When the young are fledged, it is not uncommon to see the whole

150 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

family of seven or eight perched upon the telegraph wires, or hunting
in company along a hedge.

FamMiILty VIREONIDZE. VireEos.

Genus VIREO VIEILLOT.
SuBGENUS VIREOSYLVA BONAPARTE.
[B 240, R 135, C 170, U 624.]

Vireo olivaceus (Linn.). Red-eyed Vireo. Summer resident;
rather common. Breeds in June. Its beautiful, pendulous nest is
attached to the horizontal limb of some forest tree. The nest of this
species is one which the cow-bird especially selects as a repository for
its parasitic eggs.

[B 244, R 138, C 173, U 626.]

Vireo philadelphicus (Cass.). Philadelphia Vireo. Migratory; com-
mon; arriving the second week in May. It first appears in scattered
companies, moving in leisurely flights through the tops of the trees
along the water-courses, and associating with various species of warb-
lers. In the fall it appears about the first of September.

[B 245, R 139, 139 2, C 174, 175, U 627.]

Vireo gilvus (Vieill.). Warbling Vireo. Common migrant and
summer resident. Arrives about the first week in May, and remains
until September. Nests in the cottonwoods and maples that grow
along the country roadsides and the streets and gardens in towns.

SuBGENuS LANIVIREO Batrp.
[B 252, R 140, C 176, U 628.]

Vireo flavifrons Vieill. Yellow-throated Vireo. Spring and fall
migrant; common. Also summer resident. It appears about the first
week in May, and departs about the first of September. At Des
Moines it is a very rare summer resident— only one nest having been
taken. This one was discovered on the 25th of June, 1881, in a ravine
a short distance west of the city limits. The nest was pendulous—
like the structures of the other species of Vzreo—dotted over with
little balls of cotton-like material and spider-webs. It was attached to
the forks of a horizontal branch of a large white oak, some twelve feet
from the main trunk, and twenty feet from the ground. It contained
two newly-hatched young, and one egg with a well-developed embryo.
The female was very courageous, and, though the branch on which the
nest was situated was shaken quite violently several times, remained on
her treasures so long that she barely escaped capture by the intruder.
As soon as his hand was withdrawn, she was back again on her nest.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS— BIRDS OF IOWA. [55

The male was not as brave, but kept at a safe distance, yet appearing
very solicitous and restless while the nest was being disturbed.
[B 250, R 141, C 177, U 629.]

Vireo solitarius (Wils.). Blue-headed Vireo. Migratory; common.
Arrives the first week in May, and passes southward the first of Septem-
ber. During the migratory periods it associates with various warblers
and several species of its own genus.

SusGENus VIREO VIEILLOor.
[B 248, R 143, C 181, U 631.]

Vireo noveboracensis (Gmel.). White-eyed Vireo. Rare. Prof.

H. W. Parker writes that he has taken it at Grinnell.
[B 246, R 145, C 183, U 633.]

Vireo bellii Aud. Bell's Vireo. Summer resident; common. “This
is, perhaps, the most familiar summer resident of the genus. No
other woodland bird appears to be so completely satisfied with so
Narrowly restricted a vertical range as this retiring and unobtrusive little
greenlet. Though for the most part unseen, its voluble little melody,
earnest and plaintive, ever betrays its presence in every hazel copse
and garden. Its neat, pensile nest is suspended from the branchlet of
some low bush, and here its eggs, four or five in number, are deposited
the last week in May. One nest containing four eggs was found in a
small bush situated within eight feet of a railroad track over which cars
were passing continually, and, notwithstanding the violent swaying of
the bush caused by the strong currents of air created by each rapidly-
moving train, the young birds were successfully reared.” *

Famity MNIOTILTIDZE. Woop-wWakxBLers.
Genus MNIOTILTA ViIeEtvor.
[B 167, R 74, 74 a, C 91, 92, U 636.]

Mniotilta varia (Linn.). Black and White Warbler. Migratory;
quite common; often arriving about the middle of April. and sojourn-
ing until the middle of May. In the fall it appears from the first to the
third week in September. At Des Moines this species has been ob-
served in June and July, and consequently may be regarded as a sum-
mer resident, though not a common one.

Genus PROTONOTARIA Batrp.
[B 169, R 75, C 95, U 637.]

Protonotaria citrea (Bodd.). Prothonotary Warbler. Summer res-
ident; not uncommon, especially in the eastern part of the State.
Arrives during the last week in April.

*C. R. Keyes, lowa Greenlets. Ornithologist and Oologist, Vol. XITIL., p. 44.

152 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Genus HELMITHERUS RarinesaueE.
[B 178, R 77, C 96, U 639.]

Hlelmitherus vermivorus (Gmel.). Worm-eating Warbler. Migra-
tory; not uncommon. In the spring arrives about the last of April,
and in the fall about the toth of September.

Genus HELMINTHOPHILA Ripeway.
[B 180, R 79, C 98, U 641.]

Hlelminthophila pinus (Linn.). Blue-winged Warbler. Common
migrant, and in part, summer resident. Arrives the first week of May,
and remains until September. At Prospect Park, near Des Moines, a
nest of this species was discovered on the 11th of June, 1884. _ The
attention of the observer was first attracted by a male of this species
moving restlessly about through the trees at the edge of an open field,
overgrown with long grass and weeds. After watching the movements
of the bird a few minutes, the observer started to cross the field, but
when about thirty feet from the woods, a bird flew from almost beneath
his feet. A nest containing three eggs was soon disclosed, but, as the
identification of the bird was not beyond doubt, the place was visited the
next day, and a female of this species captured on the nest. ‘The nest,
a beautiful example of avian architecture, was built in the grass at the
foot of a weed about three feet high; a broad leaf of the plant spread
directly above the little structure, effectually concealing it from view.
It was composed of dry oak leaves as a foundation; upon this
were numerous rootlets and stems of plants interwoven with the sur-
rounding grass, and lined with finer materials. It contained four fresh -
eggs—rosy white, before the contents were removed, dotted with spots
of reddish-brown, and a few of lavender.

[B 181, R 81, C 102, U 642.]

felminthophila chrysoptera (Linn.). Golden-winged Warbler.
Migratory; not common. ‘Taken at Iowa City, and elsewhere in the
State.

[B 183, part, R 85, part, C 106, part, U 645.]

flelminthophila ruficapilla (Wils.). Nashville Warbler. Spring
and fall migrant; abundant. Arrives about the first, and remains until
the third, week in May; passes southward in September. It is usually
noticed in flocks of forty or fifty, moving leisurely through the tops of
the large trees along the streams.

[B 184, part, R 86, C 107, U 646.]

flelminthophila celata (Say.). Orange-crowned Warbler. Spring
and fall migrant; rather common. Arrives the first of May, and re-
mains until the middle of the month; passes southward again the first

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 153

week in September. It frequents rather open woodland, and seems
to be extremely partial to the hawthorn trees. Its plumage — greenish-
yellow, or olive, is nearly the same hue as that of the young foliage of
the hawthorn, so that the birds are likely to be passed by unnoticed,
unless especially sought for.

[B 185, R 87, C 109, U 647.]

Hlelminthophila peregrina (Wils.). Tennessee Warbler. Migra-
tory; abundant. Arrives the first, and sojourns until the third week in
May, passing southward again in September. It is an inconspicuous
little species, frequenting the tops of trees, and often associating with
the brotherly-love vireo.

Genus COMPSOTHLYPIS Caganis.
[B 168, R 88, C 93, U 648.]

Compsothlypis americana (Linn.). Parula Warbler. Rather com-
mon; observed only on migrations.. Arrives the first week in May, and
passes southward the second week in September.

GEeNuS DENDROICA Gray.
SuBGENUS PERISSOGLOSSA Batrp.
[B 206, R go, C 126, U 650.|

Dendroica tigrina (Gmel.). Cape May Warbler. Migratory; not
common. Arrives the second week in May, and returns in September.
A specimen was taken at Iowa City, November 27th, 1886.

SUBGENUS DENDROICA Gray.
(Bi2037) R93, Cour, G"652)]

Dendroica estiva (Gmel.). Yellow Warbler. Summer resident;
abundant. Arrives the first of May, and departs the first of September.
Nests about the third week in May, in low bushes. Eggs, four or five
in number. As many as three eggs of the cow-bird have been taken
from a single nest of this species.

[B 193, R 94, € 117, U 654.]

Dendroica cerulescens (Gmel.). Black-throated Blue Warbler.
Migratory; not common. Mr. Trippe also mentions it as having been
seen a few times in the spring, in Mahaska County.

[B 194, R 95, € 119, U 655.]

Dendroica coronata (Linn.). Myrtle Warbler. Abundant spring
and fall migrant, appearing about the middle of April, and remaining
three or four weeks; in the fall its sojourn is shorter —from the middle
to the last of October. It is one of the first of the warblers to put in
ils appearance in the spring, and may be seen ‘at almost any place in
woodlands during its stay.

[Proo. D. A. N. 8., Vol. V]. 20 [ November 12, 1888. ]

154 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

[B 204, R 97, C 125, U 657.] ;
Dendroica maculosa (Gmel.). Magnolia Warbler. Spring and fall
migrant; common. Arrives the first, and remains until the third week
in May; in the fall it is to be seen from the last week in August, to the
middle of September. In company with others of its genus, it is usually
found feeding in the upper branches of the trees along the water-courses.

[B 201, R 98, C 118, U 658.]

Dendroica cerulea (Wils.). Cerulean Warbler. Migratory; not
common, at least as far as personal observation goes. In his notes on
the birds observed in western Iowa, in July, August, and September of
1867, Mr. J. A. Allen states that this species was “quite common at
Boonesboro, keeping chiefly in the tops of high trees, and was the only
woodland Dendroica observed there.” Mr. T. M. Trippe, in his notes
on the birds of southern Iowa (1872), states that it was “common, and

breeds.”
[B 200, R 99, C 124, U 659.]

Dendroica pensvlvanica (Linn.). Chestnut-sided Warbler. Migra-
tory; abundant, arriving the first week in May, and departing before
the middle of September. Also a summer resident, not uncommon.

[B 197, R 100, C 123, U 660.]
Dendroica castanea (Wils.). Bay-breasted Warbler. Migratory;
not common. Arrives the first week in May.

[B 202, R ror, C 122, U 661.]
Dendroica striata (Forst.). Black-poll Warbler. Common mi-
grant from the first to the middle of May. It is usually seen among
the lower branches of the trees in dark, damp woodland.

[B 196, R 192, C 121, U 662.|
Dendroica blackburnia (Gmel.). Blackburnian Warbler. Migra-
tory; not common. Arrives the first week in May.

[B 189, R 107, C 112, U 667.]

Dendroica virens (Gmel.). Black-throated Green Warbler. Com-
mon spring and fall migrant, arriving the first of May, and returning in
September. Perhaps breeds in the State, inasmuch as it has been
noticed several times during the month of June.

[B 208, part, R 113, C 132, U 672.]

Dendroica palmarum (Gmel.). Palm Warbler. Migratory; abun-
dant. Appears about the 2zoth of April, and remains until the roth of
May. Its arrival is heralded by the appearance of a few males, which
frequent open woodland; a few days later others, comprising both

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 155

sexes, appear and proceed leisurely along the water-courses, in com-
pany with D. coronata and others.

Grnus SEIURUS SwaInson.

[B 186, R 115, C 135, U 674.]

Seiurus aurocapillis (Linn.). Oven Bird. Summer resident; com-
mon; arriving about the first of May, and remaining until the middle
of September. Breeds about the third week in May, in hilly wood-
land, where, at this season of the year it seldom fails to attract notice
by its loud, impetuous cries. The nest is commonly placed in a slight
depression in the ground and is arched over, the entrance being at the
side. Even thus hidden from observation, it does not escape the keen
eyes of the cow-bird, which often deposits its eggs in the nest of this

species.
[B 187, part, R 116, C 136, U 675.]}

Seiurus noveboracensis (Gmel.). Water-thrush. Summer resident ;
not common. Arrives early in May. Usually observed in dark,
marshy woodlands. A few miles north of Des Moines, a female of this
species was taken in June, 1884; it was feeding young just from the

nest.
[B 188, R 117, C 138, U 676.]

Seiurus motacilla (Vieill.). Louisiana Water-thrush. Migratory;
common; arriving about the middle of April, and passing southward in
September. When it arrives in the spring it is noticed about the pools
and creeks in low woodland, where it walks about the edge of the
water in search of food, and looking, at casual sight, like a little spotted
sandpiper, but when startled, flies to some tree near by, and goes
through those evolutions of the tail which are characteristic of the wag-
tails. A few remain through the summer, and breed.

Genus GEOTHLYPIS Casanis.
SuspGEnus GEOTHLYPIS Casanis.

[B 172, R 120, C 142, U 679.]
Geothlypis philadelphia (Wils.). Mourning Warbler. Migratory ;
rather common in the underbrush and willows on the low lands along
the streams. Sojourns in spring until the third week in May.

[B 170, part, R 122, part, C 141, part, U, 681 a.]

Geothlypis trichas occidentalis Brewst. Western Yellow-throat.
Summer resident; common. Arrives the last of April and remains un-
til September. Haunts similar to those of G. philadelphia; and also
hedges and shrubbery.

156 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Genus ICTERIA VIEILLOo7.
[B 176, R 123, C 144, U 683.]

Icteria virens (Linn.). Yellow-breasted Chat. Summer resident;
rather common; arriving the first week in May. Haunts the low, open
woodlands and thickets along the streams. Nidification commences
about the first week in June. The nest is usually placed four or five
feet from the ground, in a thickly-foliaged bush. It is composed of dry
grasses and leaves, lined with fine grasses and fibres of bark. The eggs

number three to five.
Genus SYLVANIA NutTTA_t.

[B 211, R 124, C 146, U 684.]
Sylvania mitrata (Gmel.). Hooded Warbler. Not common. Mr.
Trippe also mentions taking one in Mahaska County, in May.

[B 213, part, R 125, C 147, U 685.]

Sylvania pusilla (Wils.). Wilson’s Warbler. Migratory; common.
Arrives the first, and sojourns until the third, week in May; passes
southward the second week in September. It is usually noticed in the
underbrush in open woodland along the streams.

[B 214, R 127, C 149, U 686.]

Sylvania canadensis (Linn.). Canadian Warbler. Spring and fall
migrant; not common.

Genus SETOPHAGA Swainson.
[B 217, R 128, C 152, U 687.]

Setophaga ruticilla (Linn.). American Redstart. Summer resi-
dent; common; arriving the first week in May, and departing the sec-
ond week in September. Nidification commences the first of June.

Famity MOTACILLIDA. WacrTal_s.
Genus ANTHUS BEcuHSTEIN.
Suspcenus ANTHUS.
[B 165, R 71, C 89, U 697.]
Anthus pensilvanicus (Lath.). American Pipit. Migratory; com-
mon; arriving about the middle of April.

FamMity TROGLODYTIDZE. Wrens, THRASHERS, ETC.
SUBFAMILY MIMINA. THRASHERS.
Genus MIMUS Bote.
[B 253, 253 2, R 11, C 15, U 703.]
Mimus polyglottos (Linn.). Mocking Bird. Rare. A single speci-
men was taken at Charles City. Prof. H. W. Parker reports taking it
several times at Grinnell.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS—BIRDS OF IOWA. 157

Genus GALEOSCOPTES Cagzanis.
[Biz Ro12 1 16, Ur 7o7")|
Galeoscoptes carolinensis (Linn.). Cat-bird. Summer resident;

abundant from the last of April to October. Nests in orchards and

thickets.
GENUS HARPORHYNCHUS Caasanis.

SuBGENUS METHRIOPTERUS REICHENBACH.

[B 261, 261.as 13, © 17, UW 705: ]

flarporhynchus rufus (Linn.). Brown Thrasher. Summer resi-
dent; abundant from April to the last of September. Nests in hedges
and brush-heaps, about the roth of May. One of our finest songsters.
Soon after its arrival, it is noticed in the top of some tall tree, pouring
forth its sweetest melodies—often for hours at a time— when, becom-
ing conscious of an audience it suddenly ceases, darts into the thicket
below, and is lost to view.

SUBFAMILY TROGLODYTINZE. WRENS.
Genus SALPINCTES Casanis.

[B 264, R 58, C 65, U 715.]
Salpinctes obsoletus (Say.). Rock Wren. Not common. Mr.
~Trippe also notes a specimen taken in Decatur County.

Genus TROGLODYTES VIEILLor.
SuBGENUS TROGLODYTES.

[B 270, 272, R 63, C 74, U 721.]

Troglodytes aedon Vieill. House Wren. Summer resident; com-
mon; arriving in April, and departing about the middle of September.
Raises two or three broods in a season; a nest with fresh eggs has been
taken as late as the second week in August. As 1s well known, its nest
is built in all sorts of places. A singular instance came under the ob-
server's notice while examining the nests of a colony of cliff swallows.
One of the swallows’ nests was noticed to have a number of straws
protruding from the entrance. The side of the nest was carefully
broken away, and the nest inside extracted. It was composed of a few
straws and hairs, and lined with hair and feathers. It contained three
eggs of Z. aedon. ‘The nest was picked to pieces, and the bottom was
found to be made of the body of a halt-decomposed swallow.

SuBGENUS ANORTHURA RENNIE.

[B 273, R 65, C 76, U 722.
Troglodytes hiemalis Vieill. Winter Wren. Migratory; not common.

158 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Genus CISTOTHORUS Cagzanis.
SuBGENus CISTOTHORUS,
[B 269, R 68, C 81, U 724.]
Cistothorus stellaris (Licht.). Short-billed Marsh Wren. Summer
resident; rather common. Breeds in the prairie sloughs.

SuBGENUS TELMATODYTES CagsanlIs.

[B 268, R 67, 67 a, C 79, 80, U 725.]
Cistothorus palustris (Wils.). Long-billed Marsh Wren. Migratory;
common. Appears about the first week in May, about the prairie
sloughs, where it breeds.

FamMiILty CERTHIIDA. CREEPERS.

Genus CERTHIA Linn us.
[B 275, R55, C 62, Ui 726.}

Certhia familiaris amer‘cana (Bonap.). Brown Creeper. Migra-
tory; common; and resident from September to the last of April. A
sprightly little creature frequenting woodland, though seldom attracting
attention unless carefully sought for. Its plumage is nearly the hue of
the bark of many trees, so that it is almost impossible for the eye to
follow it after the bird has alighted and commenced ascending a tree.
It begins near the bottom, winds its way upward spirally, for, perhaps,
forty or fifty feet, when it suddenly drops to the foot of another tree
twenty or thirty yards away and repeats the manceuvre, ever and anon
picking out some unfortunate insect larva from a crevice in the bark,
and uttering, at short intervals, its low, lisping notes.

FAMILY PARIDZE. NuTHATCHES AND TITS.
SUBFAMILY SITTIN. NUTHATCHES.

Genus SITTA Linn#us.
[B 277, R 51, C 57, U 727.)

Sitta carolinensis Lath. White-breasted Nut-hatch. Resident;
common. During the winter it is usually to be seen in company with
the chickadees. On the 15th of April, 1880, a set of five eggs of this
species was éaken from a cavity thirty feet from the ground, in a large
white oak. The nest was visited quite frequently for the next two or
three weeks—until fifteen eggs had been taken. ‘The bird was cap-
tured on the nest on three different occasions, and after being handled
carefully for a few minutes, set at liberty.

[B 279, R 52, C 59, U 728.)
Sitta canadensis Linn. Red-breasted Nuthatch. Migratory; rare.

KEYES AND WILLIAMS— BIRDS OF IOWA. 159

SUBFAMILY PARINZ. TIrTMICE.
Genus PARUS Linn vs.
SuBGENUS LOPILOPHANES Kavup.
[B 285, R 36, C 40, U 731.]

Parus bicolor Linn. Tufted Titmouse. Northern Iowa, rare; cen-
tral Iowa, not common; southern Jowa, “abundant; resident through-
out the year.” (Trippe).

SuBGENUS PARUS LINN2vs.
[B 290, R 41, C 44, U 735.]

Parus atricapillus Linn. Chickadee. Resident; abundant. Nests
in cavities in stumps. Eggs, six to ten in number, but usually seven;
they are laid during the last week in April, or first in May. Not infre-
quently the nest is found at a height of ten or twelve feet from the
ground. During the cold months the chickadee is to be seen almost
every day—even in towns—but as spring approaches it retires to the
woods to breed, and is not often noticed unless especially sought for in
its favorite haunts. About the middle of September it again comes out
of the secluded woodland where it has passed the summer.

FaMILy SYLVIIDA®. WarBLERS, KINGLETS, GNATCATCHERS.
SUBFAMILY REGULINA‘. KINGLETs.
Genus REGULUS Cuvier.
[B 162, part, R 33, C 34, U 748.]

Regulus satrapa Licht. Golden-crowned Kinglet. Common spring
and fall migrant. In the spring arrives a few days earlier than 2. ca/-
endula, and in the fall remains later. During the vernal migration it
appears to prefer the tops of forest trees, while its congener is usually
found in the small trees and bushes. In the fall it is found among the
low willows along the streams.

[B 161, R 30, C 33, U 749.]

Regulus calendula (Linn.). Ruby-crowned Kinglet. Spring and
fall migrant; abundant; arriving about the roth of April, and sojourn-
ing three or four weeks. :

SUBFAMILY POLIOPTILINA. GNaTCATCHERS.

Genus POLIOPTILA Scrarter.

[B 282, R 27, C 36, U 754.]

Polioptila cerulea (1.inn.). Blue-gray Gnatcatcher. Summer resi-

dent; rather common. Arrives the middle of April, and remains until

the last of September. The nest is usually placed on a horizontal

branch of an oak in the dense woodland. It is similar to that of the
humming-bird, but slightly larger.

‘

160 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

FamiIty TURDIDZ. THRUSHEsS, SOLITAIRES, STONECHATS, BLUEBIRDS, ETC.
SUBFAMILY TURDIN@®. THRUSHEs.
Genus TURDUS Linnxus.
SuBGENUS HYLOCICHLA Bairp.
led eS IRE ae (CO UE GIS)

Turdus mustelinus Gmel. Wood Thrush. Abundant summer res-
ident. Appears about the first of May, and remains until September.
It frequents the cool, shady woodlands in the vicinity of streams, where
it commences to breed two or three weeks after its arrival. The nest
of this species seems to be the favorite of the cow-bird (AZolothrus
ater), as a repository for its eggs. So frequently is this the case, that
one may collect for a whole season, and not find more than half a dozen
sets of wood thrushes’ eggs without these parasitic eggs— all the others
having from one to four eggs of JZ. azeyv in addition to those of the
thrush. Several instances have been noted in which the wood thrush
was sitting on the eggs of the cow-bird, with none of its own; while, on
the other hand, one nest contained four eggs of each species— eight
in all.

estes IRE Cy UI isto.

Turdus fuscescens Steph. Wilson’s Thrush. Migrant, and summer
resident. Several nests have been taken at Des Moines, which are
thought to belong to this species.

(cBimsas Resin 2. oan

Turdus alicié Baird. Gray-cheeked Thrush. Migratory; common.
Arrives the first week in May, and remains about three weeks.
Usually found in company with the next, in woodland.

[B 153, R 4a, C 13, U 758.4]

Turdus ustulatus swainsonit (Cab.). Olive-backed Thrush. Mi-
gratory; abundant; sojourning two or three weeks on both the spring
and fall migrations. It prefers the low, damp woodland bordering the
streams, but is often seen in favorable localities along the bluffs, at a
distance from the water-courses.

[B 149, R 5 4, C 10, U 759 4.]

Turdus aonalaschkeé pallasii (Cab.). Hermit Thrush. Migratory;
rather common; arriving about the middle of April. It is generally
seen in the woodland along the streams.

Genus MERULA Leacu.
[es els ezaen ISS (Gaus LU! (oes

Merula migratoria (Linn.). Robin. Summer resident; abundant.
Our most familiar species, and one of the earliest harbingers of spring,

CATALOGUE OF THE BIRDS OF IOWA. 161

often appearing in February and remaining until November. Com-
mences nesting about the middle of April. During the season of 1880,
an unusually large set of six eggs was taken in north Des Moines. Its
nest is often very firmly and compactly built, as is well illustrated by a
nest examined several years ago. It was several hours after a rather
severe rain storm, and the nest was still over half full of water, nearly sub-
merging the three eggs it contained. Among the many curious phenom-
ena of avian life, it is believed the following incident is somewhat novel:
One morning during the spring of 1879, a great commotion was noticed
among the birds a short distance from the house. On going out into
the yard, the cause of their uneasiness was socn learned. A robin was
suspended by means of a narrow strip of calico from a small branch,
some fifteen feet from the ground. Further examination showed that
the bird was dead, and that a foot or more of the calico (which was
about three feet in length), had been swallowed by the unfortunate
robin, and the other end of the strip had caught on the branch, leaving
the bird suspended fifteen or twenty inches below.

Genus SIALIA SwaInson

[B 158, R 22, C 27, U 766.)

Stalia sialis (Linn.). Bluebird. Abundant. One of the first of
our summer residents to put In an appearance in the spring—some-
times even preceding the robin. Nesting frequently begins early in
April; and two or three broods are raised in a season. May 22, 1882,
nest was found in a small cavity in a hawthorn tree; it contained four
eggs of the bluebird, and one of the house wren (Z7oglodytes aedon).
Occasionally the bluebird builds its nest in the excavations made by
bank swallows in the sides of gravel pits.

[B 159, R 23, C 28, U 767.]
Stalia mexicana Swains. Western Bluebird. Occasionally taken

in western Iowa. Also recorded as having been taken in the State
by Mr, Atkinson,

[Proo. D. A. N.S8., Vol. V.] 21 [February 1, 1889. ]

162 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

THE NORTH-AMERICAN GENUS, CEANOTHUS,

With an Enumerated List, and Notes and Descriptions of Several Pacific
Coast Species.

BY es Co GlePAR RY.

(Tead lefore the Academy, December 28, 1588.)

SINcE the important additions to the exclusively North American
genus, Ceanothus, L.. made by the discoveries of Mr. Nuttall, on the
Pacific coast, over fifty years ago (1836), and published in Vol. L.,
Flora of North America, nearly all the systematic work undertaken
in defining species and arranging them in natural groups, has been
mainly based on the fragmentary specimens accumulated in the large
herbaria, remote from the region where they reach the fullest develop-
ment.

The latest revision (not yet completed), by Professor Trelease, of the
Shaw School of Botany, at St. Louis, Missouri, and published in the
Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Vol. I., 2d Series,
pp. 110-118, enumerates thirty-two species, all but six of which belong
to the Pacific coast district. This interesting synoptical list, embody-
ing the latest results of herbarium study, and bringing together, in com-
pact form, the scattered literature of this genus, shows, no less plainly,
the lack of personal field observations, which would have helped to
solve many of the dubious points here brought to view, the difficulties
of which none can so well appreciate as the author himself.

With the present writer, whose field observations on the Pacific coast
now cover a period of forty years, a growing interest has been felt, as
renewed opportunities have offered for investigating, in their native
haunts, the varied forms of this attractive genus; and, during the past
decade, special attention has been given, by copious collections and
field notes, to elucidate this subject in its strict botanical relations, some
of the results of which are hereby presented, for the first time:

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS.

As a natural genus of plants, since its separation from the allied
Rhamnaceous genera with which it was combined by Linnzeus, it pre-

PARRY— CEANOTHUS. 163

sents unusually well-defined and characteristic features. ‘Chus whether
seen in the wide-spread, typical species, C. Americanus, the minute-
leaved C. microphyllus of the Southern Atlantic coast, the densely-
branched, spine-clad Ceanothi of Mexico, or the more luxuriant forms
of the Pacific coast, it presents the same assemblage of characters, in
habit of growth, foliage, inflorescence, and fruit, to some of which
points it may be well briefly to allude.

As a shrub, it, of course, fits in well with allied Rhamnaceous gen-
era, in its densely-branched ramification; its tendency, especially in
arid districts, to defend itself from aggression by terminating its inter-
locking branches with rigid spines, of which the botanical explorer is
apt to carry away lasting mementoes. Its leaf venation is of such a
marked character as to afford the fossil botanist some of the most reli-
able data for connecting the present vegetation with that of remote
geological epochs.

The inflorescence, composed of a thyrsoid aggregation of irregular,
fascicled umbels, is often prolonged in graceful plumes, either a pure or
dull white, or various shades of blue, (never, as sometimes stated, yellow).
The separate flowers, with their slender, colored pedicels, show inflexed
calyx lobes, from the clefts of which spread out the hooded petals,
which, at the proper season relax, to release the enclosed stamens, over-
topping the trifid style. The massed flowers, though strictly speaking,
hermaphrodite, are inclined to be polygamous, most of them, after the
period of fertilization becoming effete, though a favored few develop
fruit. Hybridity, which would seem to be largely favored by the pro-
fusion of showy and occasionally fragrant flowers, and which has been
supposed to be largely instrumental in confusing species, is not a very
troublesome feature in field observation, where alone it can be properly
studied. By far the majority of species having a distinct geographical
range and different periods of flowering, while even such as grow in
close proximity and flower at the same time, each maintain their proper
specific characters; while true hybrids, however puzzling in the her-
barium, are, in their proper field of growth, readily traced to their
ancestral sources.

The fruit, which so strongly simulates in external appearance some of
the Huphorbiaceous genera as to have suggested a near relationship —
though not carried out in other points—varies considerably in its size,
its smooth or resinously-coated exocarp and its accessory appendages,
but has otherwise very uniform characters of seed and pericarp. A
fact not often noticed, but which is probably more or less true of all
species, is that the rigid Coccz, when released from their attachment to

164 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

the indurated disc, expel their smooth-coated seeds through the ventral
slit with considerable force. I have had occasion lately to notice this,
even in herbarium specimens of nearly mature fruit, which when
brought into a warm apartment, revealed their explosive nature by a con-
tinuous fusilade, till the ammunition was all expended and the frag-
ments of the ruptured pericarp alone left to determine their carpologi-
cal features. The manifest utility of this provision for disseminating
seeds, will largely account for the gregarious habit of most of the spe-
cies, and, no doubt, also serves as a protection against the aggression
of omnivorous rodents, to say nothing of avaricious botanists.

There is still another feature of growth calling for some detailed
notice. Contrary to the view presented by Professor Trelease in the
paper above referred to, it is quite certain that nearly all the Pacific
coast species develop their inflorescence from buds fully formed the
previous season, and rarely from the shoots of the same year. As
collecting botanists do not often gather belated specimens which would
show the late-formed buds, it is quite likely that ordinary herbarium
specimens do not clearly show the true conditions of future growth,
and hence such a mistaken conclusion might be easily reached; but, as
far as my observations go, it is only the well-known Eastern Atlantic
species, together with the Mexican, C. azwreus, and probably C. decum-
bens of the Sierra Nevada, that flower from the fresh-growing shoots of
the same season.

The usual character of growth and inflorescence, as seen on the
Pacific slope, may be here briefly stated: When seen in the season of
late autumnal rest, and before the winter rains set in, or where, in the
higher mountains the deep winter snows come on to protect the ten-
der growth, the later leafy shoots show in their axils or terminal branches,
a more or less distinct development of flower buds, closely enwrapped
in protecting scales, the latter usually densely tomentose; as soon as
growth commences, which in the lowlands, is often as early as January
or February, and extending northward as late as May or June, the de-
ciduous scales, each subtending a fasciculate cluster of pedicels, are
pushed off, and the flower buds, often showing a lower series of leaf
bracts, expand their flower clusters, which gradually elongate to their
full development. In maturing fruit, the whole flowering branch, in-
cluding the lower empty leaf bracts, lose their vitality and remain, after
the expulsion of the seeds, as dead withered branches, surmounted by
the remains of the indurated and brittle disc and calyx tube. It was
probably on such a specimen of C. sanguineus, that Professor Trelease
based his conclusion that it was the only species to develop flowers

PARRY— CEANOTHUS. 165

from the old wood. It is only when the fruiting process is well ad-
vanced, that the summer shoots set to work to prepare flower buds for
the next season, occasionally however, tempted by an early autumnal
rain or favorable conditions of growth, to push out premature flower
buds, which, in their starved aspect, show that they are out of season,
associated as they are, with fully developed fruit of the same year.

CHARACTERS ON WHICH SPECIES AND GROUPS CAN BE MOST
SATISFACTORILY DEFINED.

Before proceeding to an enumeration of the species here recognized
in the accompanying synoptical list, it seems proper to dwell briefly on
some of the most reliable characters, especially such as are brought to
view in field observations, which afford the best means for defining spe-
cies and arranging them in natural groups. And first, the ramification
of Ceanothus offers some distinctive features. Thus, while the thrifty-
growing species, such as C. ¢hyrsiflorus, C. arboreus, C. integerrimus,
and several others exhibit the usual prolonged growth and flexible
branches, usually more or less angular when young, and destitute of
spines; others, subjected to more arid conditions of soil and climate,
show a disposition to branch at right angles to the main axis, which
branches, failing to secure sufficient nourishment for prolonged growth,
terminate abruptly in stiff spines, which, interlocking, form the thickets
popularly known as chaparral. These contrasted characters, while
clearly noticeable in certain groups, are not always sufficiently constant
to define their limits.

Again, an important character, not always apparent in herbarium
specimens, is the relative persistence of the foliage; this, there are in-
cluded in this genus, species with annually deciduous leaves, showing
naked winter branches, while others are strictly evergreen, retaining
their leaves indefinitely — while there is still a larger intermediate class,
including most of the Pacific coast species, in which the leaves persist
for at least two seasons, and never show purely naked stems on the
upper branches. It is quite possible that these characters would accu-
rately define three very distinct natural divisions, as will be partly in-
dicated in the succeeding list.

Still farther the venation and pubescence of the leaves offers good
distinguishing marks, and these being equally available to the closet
and field botanist, have been largely relied on by the former to limit
groups, and may, no doubt, be used to advantage, when properly com-
bined and qualified by other constant characters, so that species other-
wise widely diverse, may not be brought together in unnatural, artificial

166 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

groups. The characters of entire, serrate, or glandular leaves, seems
to be more variable as a specific character, than is usually met with in
other genera, but occasional exceptions to uniformity in this respect
only emphasizes the importance of combining several characters in a
complete description, so that if one fails, the others may hold good.

The leaf stipules furnish some well-marked characters; thus, while
usually thin and fugaceous in the Aw-ceanothus section, in the group
with annually deciduous leaves, they often persist till after the fall of
the leaf, as may be frequently seen in older branches of C. Americanus
and C. azureus. In the Cerastes section, they usually show a thick-
ened, corky, persistent base, often remaining as verrucose excresences,
while the slender tips are early deciduous.

The inflorescence, while quite uniform in its general features, as com-
posed of an irregular series of umbellate clusters, offers good specific
characters in its more or less compact or prolonged thiysoid develop-
ment. The,separate flowers offer no important distinctive characters,
being remarkably uniform throughout, while the color, though usually
constant in the same species, is occasionally variable.

The fruit offers some important distinctions in the shape and size of
the Cocci, the smooth, fleshy, or resinous exocarp, and the presence or
absence of crests or accessory appendages.

GEOGRAPHICAL RANGE.

The geographical distribution of the different species of this genus is
usually well-defined, and holds very obvious relations to the variations
of soil and climate. This is true not only of such as have the extended
range of C. Americanus, but also applies to such as are limited to a
comparatively small area. Wherever met with, they are inclined to be
gregarious, due, as I have above suggested, to the character of expul-
sive capsules, by which the seed is self-sown in its own locality. The
smooth, polished seeds, with their comparatively large cotyledons and
a liberal supply of albumen, seem thus calculated not only to maintain
their vitality under adverse conditions, but also to afford a vigorous
growth under favorable circumstances. It is, no doubt, owing to these
characters, that the Pacific coast of California constitutes the most
suitable home for this genus, and in its varied aspects of soil and
climate, invites to the largest display of specific forms. It thus hap-
pens that there is no considerable expanse of country in this region,
especially on the foot-hills or the mountain slopes, that is without its
exhibit of one or more of these characteristic shrubs. If asked to’
designate a spot where they occur in the greatest profusion and variety,

PARRY— CEANOTHUS. 167

I should not hesitate to award the palm to the Santa Cruz range of
mountains, where, in a few hours’ climb, are brought to view such
charming groups as C. incanus, C. papillosus, C. Andersont, and C.
thyrsifiorus, with its occasional hybrids, vying with each other in dis-
playing the most refined tints of white or blue, or expanding into the
clear atmosphere of early spring their delicate feathered plumes.

In the Cerastes section—almost peculiar to California—with their
rigidly coriaceous, usually opposite leaves, there is still more tendency
to aggregate in massed growths, but in such cases the thickets are
mainly composed of single separate species, and, therefore, less subject
to hybridization.

The confusion of specific forms, due to hybridization, admits of an
easy solution in the field, where, by extended observation, each sepa-
rate species can be studied in its undisturbed condition. Thus, if Mr.
Howell, the active and intelligent botanical collector of Oregon and
Washington Territory, would extend his observations only by a few
hours’ travel, as far as the central range of the Sierras, and the Sacra-
mento Valley, he would not venture his opinion that he “is disposed to
regard C. prostratus as only a variety of C. cuneatus.”

In the accompanying list I have briefly indicated, by locality, the
geographical range of such species as have come under my personal
observation, but the data are yet wanting for determining accurately
the range of all the species here represented.

In submitting a synoptical arrangement of the thirty-three species
herewith enumerated, I have endeavored to bring them into simple,
natural groups, without any attempt at elaborate classification, such, in
fact, as they appear from the standpoint of a field observer. If varying
in this respect from that of more studied efforts, I can only say, I write
as I have seen. ‘To the separate species in the numbered list, I have
only added notes of such as are imperfectly known or needing correc-
tion, with fuller descriptions of several new species; referring to the
well-known systematic writers on this genus, for the synonomy and lit-
erature of the same.

CEANOTHUS, L.

SYNOPTICAL LIST OF SPECIES.

A. § Eu-cranotuus. Branches flexible or rigidly spinose; leaves
alternate, deciduous, or persistent for two years or more, pliable or
sub-rigidly coriaceous, entire, crenately serrate or glandular-ciliate, triple-
nerved from the base, or penni-nerved; stipules slender membranaceous,
usually fugaceous; inflorescence axillary or terminal, compact or loosely

168 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

thyrsoid, proceeding from shoots of the same year, or from buds fully
formed the previous season, the elongated peduncles more or less leafy
bracted below; fruit smooth, or triangular carinate, exocarp frequently
resinous. VI. groups— 25 species.

Group I. AMERICANUS.

Leaves renewed annually, broadly cordate to ovate, triple-nerved
from the base, reticulately veined, pubescent to densely tomentose be-
neath, serrate; inflorescence mostly from the same season’s growth —
except No:x3:

1. C. Americanus, L.. ) Eastern Atlantic slope, extending to the

2: -C. ovatus, Dest: f Rocky Mountains.

3. C. sanguineus, Pursb. North Pacific coast.
4. C. decumbens, Watson. Sierra Nevada of California.

5.4 °C. asureus, Desi Mexico:

Group II. INcANus.

Branches usually spinose; leaves ovate to orbicular, entire, or gland-
ularly serrate, canescently pubescent, triple-nerved, with inconspicuous
mid-veins.

6. C. incanus, Torr. & Gray. Santa Cruz Mountains.

7. C. cordulatus, Kellogg. Sierra Nevada.

8. C. divaricatus, Nutt. Southern California, including variety
eglandulosus, Vorr., which is the common form.

g. C. intricatus, n. sp. Densely branched, younger shoots hirsute-
ly pubescent; leaves somewhat rigid, crowded on short stems, short
petiolate, narrowly ovate (15 x 6 mm.), dull green above, hoary pubes-
cent beneath, triple-nerved from the base, with inconspicuous mid-
veins, more or less strongly revolute, margins entire, but glandularly
ciliate; inflorescence short pedunculate, not exceeding the leaves—
flowers not seen—fruit 4 mm. broad, smooth, with resinous exocarp,
cocci with blunt apical crests.

Habitat:—Known only from fruiting specimens collected on the sum-
mit of Mount Tamalpais, Marin County, July, 1886, by Mrs. M. K.
Curran; closely allied to C. cordulatus, but differing in the character
of its foliage, and peculiar in its isolated locality.

to. C. Fendleri, Gray. Rocky Mountains of Colorado and New
Mexico, to Arizona.

11. C. depressus, Benth. Central Mexico.

PARRY— CEANOTHUS. 169

Group III. SoREDIATUS.

Branches not spinose; leaves strongly triple-nerved, glandularly cre-
nate, usually densely tomentose beneath; flowers blue or white.

12. C. sorediatus, Hook. & Arn. Foot-hills of the Sacramento
Valley. I am inclined to confine this species to the slender supple-
branched and sparse leaved shrub of the district above designated.
The leaves variable in size, ro—15 mm. in length, broadly ovate to sub-
cordate, densely white tomentose beneath, irregularly glandular-cre-
nate, short petiolate; stipules thicker than usual in this section; the
inflorescence on the terminal branches is of a more intense azure blue
than any species known to me. ‘This is unquestionably the species
described by Dr. Kellogg, Proceedings California Academy of Sciences,
I., p. 55, as C. azureus. What has been generally referred to this
species from Southern California, is an arborescent form of C. Airsutus,
or possibly an undescribed species.

13. C. arboreus, Greene, Bull. Cal. Acad., II, p. 144. Only
known on the islands off the Southern California coast.

14. C. velutinus, Dougl. Widely spread to the north and east of
the Sierra Nevada.

15. C. hirsutus, Nutt. Coast ranges of Santa Barbara and south-
ward. This species needs a more careful field study than it has yet
received to verify Nuttall’s original description— Fl. N. Am., I., p. 266
—till which time much doubt will attach to the various forms included
in herbaria from widely remote localities. As seen in the southern
coast range, what has been recognized as C. Airvsutus is a tall shrub,
with tree-like trunk, and slender, minutely verrucose branches, not con-
spicuously hirsute; the leaves very finely glandular serrate, deep green
above, pale and closely pubescent beneath; inflorescence terminating
in short, leafy shoots, oval, compact, of a dull purplish blue; fruit 4 mm.
broad, distinctly three lobed, smooth and bluntly crested. C. oligan-
thus, Nutt., which has been referred to this species, should, from the
fruit character, be distinct, and the specimens from the Upper Sacra-
mento and East Humboldt Mountains must undoubtedly belong to a
very different and probably undescribed species.

Group IV. THYRSIFLORUS.

Young branches angular; leaves oblong, conspicuously veined, either
triple-nerved or penninerved, usually tomentose beneath, more or less
revolute, glandular-serrate, or papillose glandular on the surface; in-

[Proo. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.] 22 [February 6, 1889. ]

170 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

florescence long pedunculate, diffusely thyrsoid, or compactly globose ;
inclined to hybridize with other species of this group.

Leaves triple-nerved.
16. C. thyrsifiorus, Esch. Central California, near the coast, with
three well-marked hybrid forms, viz. :
a. C. thyrsifiorus x ————— (?)
b. C. thyrsifiorus X ————— (?)
c. C. thyrsiflorus X C. papillosus.

C. Lobbianus, Hook.
'G Veatchianus, Hook.

Of this last only, have I sufficiently definite information to refer the
specimens collected to the two parent forms. These showing their
ordinary specific characters unchanged, were growing luxuriantly along
the sides of a wild mountain road, the low-branched C. papillosus being
often overtopped by its more aspiring rival, C. thyrsifforus. The season
of flowering being the same in both, they were equally attractive to
swarming insects, the natural result being noticed in occasional dwarf
bushes partaking of a mixed character; thus, while the leaves conspicu-
ously veined beneath, show a tendency to triple nerves, these do not
extend to the base of the leaf, and towards the apex take on the penni-
nerved character of C. papillosus, but without papillae on the upper
surface. The inflorescence is after the compact pattern of C. papillosus,
and the fruit, which occasionally perfects its seed, is also nearest to the
latter species. From this instructive example I have little hesitation in
reducing the forms a. and d. to a similar origin, and thus relieve syste-
matic botany from the burden of carrying doubtful species, though it
will require direct field observation to assign them to their double
parentage.

Leaves penninerved.

17. C. Parryi, Trelease, 1. c. I have little to add to the well-char-
acterized description of Professor Trelease, except to state that it has
been observed and abundantly collected the past season (1888), on
mountain slopes near Calistoga, where it is associated with C. foliosus.
It has also been detected from other remote localities, in early botani-
cal collections, so that it is probably of rather extended geographical
range. Unquestionably its nearest relations are with C. papillosus,
the chief points of difference being the absence of papillae, and a more
diffuse inflorescence.

18. C. papillosus, Torr. & Gray. To include variety dentatus = C.
dentatus, Terr. & Gray, and variety floribundus = C. floribundus, Hook.

PARRY— CEANOTHUS. Li 7/al

After extended observation and careful study of C. papzllosus, where
it exhibits its fullest development, in the Santa Cruz Mountains, I am
forced to the conclusion that it properly includes the two forms above
noted, heretofore regarded as distinct species. When seen in its most
luxuriant state on the lower slopes of the Santa Cruz range, it is a
densely-branched shrub, 4—6 feet in height, with large oblong leaves
(50X Io mm.), corrugated on the upper surface, and abundantly gar-
nished with projecting papilla, tomentose below, and only slightly rev-
olute on the margin. Farther up, the leaves become reduced fully one-
eighth the size of the lowland form, and are strongly revolute, almost
to the midrib; in this state, the clustered and long pedunculate inflor-
escence of a deep blue is attractively conspicuous, suggesting at once
the published figure of C. foribundus, Hook., Bot. Mag., pl. 4,806, but
still farther, it also forces the conclusion that C. denxtatus, Torr. & Gray,
is only a form of this species, destitute of papilla. Before coming to
this conclusion, I was led to investigate the true nature of these papille,
and find that they are only the usual form of glands so commonly met
with on the edges of the leaf, where they can most readily break
through, while on the upper surface the thicker epidermis usually covers
them as protuberances, though not unfrequently revealing their true
nature by pushing through, as regular glands. It thus appears that,
though a conspicuous character, it is not necessarily constant, or of
specific vale. As in my view, it is only the absence of the papillae
that separates C. dentatus from the reduced forms of C. papillosus. I
have re-examined an authentic C. dentatus, corresponding precisely to
the figure in Bot. Mex. Bdy., pl. 10, and find that while surface papillze
are not to be seen, yet the projecting glands at the margins of the leaf
are not directly on the edge, but on the revolute folds of the upper sur-
face, so that the essential point of difference is narrowed down to a
very small margin. Besides, it is not unlikely that the older herbarium
specimens in which C. den¢atus is generally represented, may have lost
the traces of surface glands by age and pressure, a fact which I have
been able partly to verify in an examination of old herbarium specimens
of C. papillosus. On these grounds I feel justified in relieving botani-
cal observers from the care of a vain search for these doubtful forms.

1g. C. impressius, Trelease, |. c. Coast range, north of Santa Bar-
bara. Known only from imperfect material.

Group V. INTEGERRIMUS.

Branches flexible, or spinose in No. 22; leaves oblong or broadly
lanceolate, usuaily smooth, and inconspicuously veined, entire; inflor-
escence thyrsoid, on leafy peduncles.

Lee DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

20. C. integerrimus, Hook. & Am., including variety parvifolius,
Watson; C. parvifolius, Trelease, |. c.; C. Palmeri, Trelease, 1. c.

From an extended observation of the various forms of this species,
through the entire length of California, occupying not only the upper
valleys but the higher mountain slopes, I am led to the conclusion that
they properly belong to one species, of which it would be possible to
make many varieties. ‘The size of the leaf is, of course, unimportant,
being easily explained by climatic differences; the leaf venation is also
seen to vary from distinctly triple-nerved to obscurely penninerved,
while the flower, most commonly white, takes on every shade of faded
or bright blue. The most reliable characters are in the texture of the
leaf, flexible and inconspicuously veined, the copious and diffuse thyrsus
of flowers, on prolonged leafy peduncles, and the fruit, 5— 7 mm. broad,
and bluntly keeled.

From a photograph of the typical C. Palmeri, Trelease, kindly fur-
nished by the author, I have no hesitation in including it as a southern
form of this rather polymorphous species.

21. C. Andersoni,n. sp. Smooth throughout; branches light green,
glaucesent, younger shoots angular; leaves deep green above, entire,
oblong-ovate to oblanceolate, cuneate at base to a slender petiole,
obscurely penninerved, and paler beneath; inflorescence diffusely
thyrsoid, prolonged, leafy below, flowers white, with very slender pedi-
cels; fruit smooth, with thin, resinous exocarp, and rounded cocci.

Ffabitat:—A tall shrub, to—15 feet high, loosely branched above,
somewhat pendent, the prolonged inflorescence delicate snow-white,
flowers in May, fruit July. Santa Cruz Mountains, near Ben Lomond;
first collected by Dr. C. L. Anderson, 1887, whose name heretofore so
intimately connected with the botany of Santa Cruz, both on sea and
land, this attractive species properly commemorates.

22. C. spinosus, Nutt. Coast range Santa Barbara, and southward.

Groupe VI. MICROPHYLLUS.

Leaves minute, rather rigid, smooth above, pubescent beneath, irreg-
ularly crenate-serrate, fasciculate in the axils, or developing into slender
leafy branches; inflorescence terminal or axillary, in small fasciculate
umbels.

23. C. microphyllus, Michx. ) f
caret South Atlantic coast.
24. C. serpyllifolius, Nutt. (

25. C. foliosus,n. sp. Branches slender, divergent, pubescent when

PARRY— CEANOTHUS. Ie

young; leaves somewhat coriaceous, crowded, fasciculate, small—5 to
8 mm. long—ovate, obtuse, narrowed at base to a short petiole, irreg-
ularly crenate, with frequent resinous glands, obscurely triple-nerved
near the base, not revolute at the margin, but inclined to fold back on
the midrib; inflorescence terminal and axillary, loosely globose, or
slightly elongated; flowers few, on short pedicels, light blue; fruit tri-
angular, 3-4 mm. broad, sharply crested at the summit.

Habitat:—A densely-branched shrub, 3 to 5 feet high, with light
green leaves, more or less resinous glandular; has been referred to C.
dentatus —included above as a variety of C. papil/osus —from which it
differs in every essential character. In its general features, it comes
nearest to the South Atlantic coast species, forming, with them, a well-
marked group, approximating the Section following. The specimens
seen were collected in the upper Napa Valley, where it is abundant,
being associated with C. Parryi and C. divergens.

B. § Cerastes. Leaves opposite or alternate, persistent for several
seasons, rigid coriaceous, entire or spinosely toothed, not glandular,
smooth above, with a circular areolate pubescence beneath between
the veins; stipules thick, corky at base, with deciduous tips; inflores-
cence short, fasciculate umbellate, from buds fully formed the previous
season ; fruit conspicuously crested, with accessory appendages.

Group VII. Ruicipus.
Character same as Section. Eight species.

Opposite leaves.

26. C.rigidus, Nutt. Monterey, and coast ranges of Central and
Southern California.

27. C. crassifolius, Torr. Widely spread through the mountain dis-
tricts of Southern California. Foliage somewhat variable, but general
habit quite constant.

28. C. prostratus, Benth. Elevated pine ridges of the northern
Sierra Nevada.

29. C. divergens,n.sp. Branches rigid, divergent, hoary pubescent
when young; leaves 10-20 mm. long, 5—1o mm. broad, very rigid —
coriaceous, cuneate at base to a very short petiole, broadly truncate at
summit, with prominent midrib, the principal pinnate veins terminating
in sharply mucronate broad serratures, dull green above, with distinct
rows of tufted areolar pubescence beneath; inflorescence in short um-

174 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

bellate peduncles, occasionally subtended by one or more leaflets;
fruit oblong, 5 mm. broad, 8 mm. long, deeply immersed in the rigid
disc; exocarp spongy, light pink before maturity, the appendages at
the summit of the cocci conspicuously horned, with accessory interme-
diate crests.

ffabitat:—A low-branching shrub, the long divergent branches in-
clined to support themselves on adjoining bushes, but never decumbent.
Flowers in April, fruit July; only known from a single locality in the
interesting botanical district of the Napa Valley. Though closely allied
to C. prostratus, with which, in herbarium specimens, it is easily con-
founded, it is clearly distinct in habit and foliage, as well as a widely
different geographical range. Like all the species of this Section, the
explosive character of the capsules is very apparent to any one who
would undertake to collect fully mature seeds.

30. C. cuneatus, Nutt. Ranging through the entire length of Cali-
fornia.

31. C. Greggit, Gray. Mexico.
Leaves alternate.

32. C. megacarpus, Nutt. Coast range of Santa Barbara.

33. C. verrucosus, Nutt. ‘Table-land on the coast of San Diego,
into Lower California.

CHORIZANTHE, R. Br.

Review of Certain Species Heretofore Improperly Characterized, or
Wrongly Referred; With Two New Species.

BY (6.1. PARRY.

(Presented to the Academy, Fanuary 25, 7889.)

Since the revision of Chorizanthe, in Proceedings of Davenport
Academy of Sciences, Vol. IV., pp. 45-63, an opportunity for exam-
ining typical specimens, as well as extended observations and collec-
tions in the original localities requires the following changes in the de-
scriptions there given, viz:

PARRY— CHORIZANTHE. 175

13. C. Douglasiz, Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. Vol. XVIL, p. 418—
C. Douglasii, Parry, |. c., ex. character — C. pungens, var. diffusa,
Parry, 1c., in:part:

Four to eight inches high, branching and assurgent from the base, or
erect and simple for thé first joint, dichotomous spreading above, hoary
puvescent throughout; radical leaves oblong-spathulate, gradually
tapering below to a narrow winged petiole, upper leaves short petiolate,
passing above to sessile apiculate leaf bracts; inflorescence in small
terminal clusters, with crowded acicular bracts; involucres oblong cam-
panulate, slightly contracted near the throat, sharply angled, transversely
corrugated between the ribs, teeth divergent, shorter than the tube,
membraneous margined to near the uncinate tips, usually light pink;
perianth short pedicellate, lobes slightly unequal, erosely denticulate
and apiculate, one-third as long as the tube; stamens nine, anthers ob-
long; akens narrowly-winged, embryo, with narrow cotyledons and short
radicle.

Habitat: — Abundant in the valleys of the Santa Cruz Mountains,
near Felton and Ben Lomond, in sandy soil, usually low-spreading. Is
easily recognized by the purplish acicular bracts, and the lighter pink
membraneous margins of the involucre.

What has been in the paper above referred to, designated as C.
Douglasii, is hereafter described as C. robusta, n. sp.

Variety a/6ens. LLow-branching, 3-6 inches high, of a hoary gray
color, the inflorescence albescent, and the expansion of the involucre
conspicuously white; not otherwise distinguishable from the typical C.
Douglasit. Grows in extensive patches in the Salinas Valley, flower-
ing in May.

TWO NEW SPECIES.

212. Chorizanthe Andersoni:

Two to eight inches high, densely-branched from the base, spreading,
hairy pubescent, joints slender, fragile; leaves mostly radical, oblance-
olate, tapering below to a margined petiole, occasional leaf bracts on
the lower joints, upper bracts acicular; inflorescence rather loosely
cymose; involucres sharply-ribbed, intervals somewhat corrugated,
longer segments equal to the tube, alternate one-half shorter, all
membraneous winged at base, and with uncinate teeth; perianti short
pedicellate, narrowly obconic, lobes spathulate, one-fourth as long as
the tube, equal, entire, or short apiculate; stamens nine, on slender
filaments, anthers short; akene and embryo similar to allied species.

176 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Habitat:—Scott’s Valley, near Santa Cruz, Dr. C. L. Anderson,
1887. Ben Lomond, Santa Cruz Mountains, July, 1888, growing in
deep, sandy soil. Differs from C. pungens in its slender- branching
habit. its usually naked upper joints, and smaller inflorescence. This
very distinct species probably includes C. punigens, var. nivea, Curran,
briefly noted in Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1V., pp. 3-4.

13%. C. robusta—C. Douglasii, Parry, |. c., not Benth. — Charac-
ter transferred, ex-Hadbitat-

“Stout, 2—18 inches high, light green, densely pubescent, simple or
irregularly-branched above, with one or more foliaceous whorls on the
main stem and lower axils; radical leaves, ob-lanceolate, tapering to a
narrow petiole; upper involucral bracts acicular, densely ciliate; invol-
ucres oblong-triangular, 2-3 lines long, segments unequal, slightly
divergent with scarious margins, and short, recurved uncinate teeth;
perianth short pedicellate, exsert, lobes nearly equal, shortly mucronate,
and erosely denticulate; stamens nine, adnate to the lower tube, an-
thers oval; style akene and embryo as in allied species.”

Habitat:— Dry, sandy soil, margins of Monterey Bay, north of
Aptos, Parry, 1883. Sandy banks and streets of Alameda, adjoining
the bay, E. L. Green, 1887. Distributed in Chorizanthe sets by C. C.
Parry, as No. 13, C. Douglasii, Benth.

It was not till an opportunity offered of seeing typical C. Douglasii
in the Gray Herbarium at Cambridge, and the original Douglasian
specimeas at the herbarium of the Royal Gardens, Kew, England, that
I was made aware of my mistake in referring this very distinct species
to C. Douglasii. Since then I have seen and collected abundantly the
genuine plant, in the mountain valleys back of Santa Cruz, undoubtedly
the original locality. Owing to the close resemblance in habit and
general aspect which the above described species has to C. vadida,
Watson, I was inclined to regard it as a marked variety of the latter,
but the floral characters are so distinct that I am obliged to regard the
former as an undescribed and well-defined species, to follow C. Dowg-
lasii as No. 13? in the synoptical list.

Memorial of

Havid Sylvuecster Sheldon.

18095 —182a6.

i
se ‘ j
by? :
i, | ,
;
ays
.

PARRY — MEMORIAL OF PROF. SHELDON. 179

PROFESSOR DAVID S. SHELDON, LL.D.

.

BY. Cy ChIPARRY.

(Read before the Davenport Academy of Sciences, at the
Memorial Meeting, Fune 11, 1880.)

Havinc been requested to prepare, for this occasion, a somewhat
systematic account of the life and scientific labors of our late associate,
Prof. D. S. Sheldon, with special reference to his connection with this
Academy, of which he was one of the founders, and its first President,
I have endeavored to comply, as far as my limited information goes,
premising that this is necessarily an imperfect sketch of a noble char-
acter, such as could only be faithfully portrayed by an intimate personal
friend, having access to private documents and authentic journals.
Such as it is, I desire to lay it before you as at least, a sincere tribute
to his memory, and a faint recognition of his sterling qualities as a
man, and his endearing features as a friend.

In the early years of the present century (December 6, 1809), among
the rugged hills of Vermont, David Sylvester Sheldon first saw the light
—the son of a well-to-do farmer, which meant, in that day and place,
more than it does in ours, a life of earnest toil and privation, develop-
ing faculties of self-reliance, and a sturdy physical frame. With such
an inheritance, young Sheldon was also favored with an early scholastic
training, such as was then in vogue in the New England Academy, well
fitted to impart not only solid learning, but better still, mental develop-
ment. So we find him, at sixteen years of age, a pupil at Castleton,
Vermont, long distinguished, as now, for its wild, romantic scenery, and
its elevated educational institutions. That with such surroundings he
should have early imbibed a taste for natural science is easily con-
ceivable, even amid the dry abstractions of classical learning and rigid
mathematics, which then formed the chief curriculum of study.

So we find him progressing, becoming fitted for college at the age of
nineteen, and graduating at Middlebury in his twenty-third year. As
was usual in that day, he varied his duties, and, no doubt, economized
his means, by teaching in adjoining country schoo's. And now comes

180 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

the important duty of selecting a profession. Quite naturally to a
serious and thoughtful mind, the pulpit seemed to present the strongest
claims, and accordingly, theological studies are pursued at that distin-
guished School of the Prophets, Andover. But before the definite step
is taken that would have made him what he gained in another direction,
a Reverend, the zeal for teaching took possession of his earnest facul-
ties, and, taking up what was then regarded as a lower calling, he
devoted his zeal and abilities to raising his chosen vocation to a higher
level.

‘Fifty years ago, the writer, then a school-boy at Bennington, Vermont,
had his first?acquaintance with Mr. Sheldon, then Principal of the Ben-
nington Academy — hardly a personal knowledge, however, for, unfort-
unately, I was not a scholar of his, but belonged to a rival school, in
which one of the lessons taught was a mean contempt for other insti-
tutions. Still, it was apparent to all, that a master mind had the con-
trol of the rival academy, and there were certain progressive features
there introduced that at least excited our envy, if not our approbation.
The impression still remains with me, that for real, solid educational
acquirements, the school under Mr. Sheldon was the best.

At that early day, one who has since become noted as a pulpit and
platform orator, Rev. E. H. Chapin, was acting as deputy post-master
in that village, and occasionally electrified us smaller boys by his
dramatic rendition of Lochiel.

And so we parted for a while, only to meet again on the western
banks of the Mississippi, almost the w/tzma thule of our early geog-
raphies.

Mr. Sheldon is next seen exchanging the green hills of Vermont for
the wild chasms of the Saranac in North-Eastern New York, at Pots-
dam, geologically celebrated by its old red sandstone, one of the lowest
of our stratified rocks. Still a teacher, and, no doubt, also a learner,
at least the reputation there gained secured him an invitation to the
sedate and classical town of Northampton, in the Connecticut Valley.
Here, unhampered by jealous rivalry, he threw the whole force of his
gifted mind and rich experience into a school distinguished by such
scholars as Elizur Wright and others of less note, who continued to
look up to Mr. Sheldon as the source of their earliest inspiration.

But, under this mental strain, even the stalwart form of our Ver-
monter gave way, and, at the age of thirty-nine, he was obliged to seek
relaxation in travel; at first, to the south, and eventually to the far
west, in Iowa. Coming to Burlington in 1850, then the most prominent

PARRY— MEMORIAL OF PROF. SHELDON. 181

Iowa town, he commenced his pioneer educational work in the west.
Here, the heavy hand of affliction was laid on him in the loss of an only
child, and soon after, with his stricken life-companion, he came to
Davenport, having accepted a professorship in Iowa College. Thus, at
the age of forty-four, this place became his permanent home. Here,
then, we begin to tread on familiar ground. ‘The sturdy son of Ver-
mont took kindly to the trying climate of Iowa, with its chilling winter
blasts and summer heats, the peculiarities of which he made a special
study, in connection with a complete set of meteorological instruments,
records of which are, no doubt, still accessible. As Professor of Natu-
ral Science, one of the important duties devolving upon him was the
establishment of a museum, and the times usually devoted to relaxation
were largely spent by him in scouring the adjacent country, securing
specimens of plants, shells, fossils, etc., which, by an extensive system
of exchanges, secured valuable returns from all parts of the world. In
connection with this was also accumulated a valuable scientific library.

During the summer vacations longer excursions were undertaken,
and the boggy margins of Rock River, in Illinois, yielded up their hid-
den treasures of Uuzo shells, here in their richest development, but only
to be procured by persistent wading and digging. In this way was
secured the magnificent series of forms that excited the admiration ot
Prof. Agassiz, many of which went to enrich the museum at Cambridge,
Massachusetts. At that time also, he was associated with Mr. Sereno
Watson, then a tutor in Iowa College, in connection with whom a very
complete series of local plants were collected, most of which are now
stored in the Davenport Academy Herbarium, awaiting the apprecia-
tive hand of some young botanist yet to appear from the ranks of the
promising Agassiz Club. It is altogether probable that in this congen-
ial employment (in which Mrs. Sheldon took a prominent part), Mr.
Watson received his first bent to botanical research, since so efficiently
followed up as Botanist of the 4o° parallel, and later, as the trusted
associate of Prof. Asa Gray, at Cambridge, in the magnificent work of
The North American Flora.

So, with our present subject, time moves on—full fifty years have
passed over his head, full of cares and labors. Iowa College becoming
involved in financial difficulties, is removed, in search of a more con-
genial location. Prof. Sheldon remains; his hopes still cling to Dav-
enport as an educational center; he becomes connected with another
educational institution, under the auspices of a different denomination
of Christians, with whom, in a true catholic spirit, he unites, and again

182 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

assumes educational work, as professor in Griswold College. Engaging
in multifarious duties; successful always in securing the affectionate
regard of his pupils, giving up not only his time and abilities, but also
his means to build up an institution approximating his high ideal, can
we wonder that disappointment weighed heavily upon him in seeing
his long-cherished plans unconsummated?

It was at this juncture, when Prof. Sheldon had nearly reached his
sixtieth year, that the Davenport Academy of Sciences was organized.
He was urgently requested to accept the presidency, but only consented
on condition of being relieved from nominal official duty as its presid-
ing officer. Since then, up to the last week of his life, he has been our
trusted counsellor, our constant supporter, and our ever faithful friend.
Whenever a word of encouragement was needed, his earnest voice was
at our command; when funds were urgently required, his hand was
stretched out unstintedly to our relief. Even now, in our profound
sorrow for his loss, his benignant face beams on us from that precious
sun-picture, saying, “BE OF GOOD CHEER!”

With what sad recollections do we recall the meeting of only two
weeks ago, when, for the last—and, I might almost say, for the first
time at our regular meetings—his voice was heard, in advocacy of
what he considered a question of importance to the well-being of this
Academy, in scathing rebuke of unjustifiable assaults on its integrity ;
in words of encouragement to us, who, in our feeble way, have en-
deavored to uphold the torch of science—memorable words, to be
sacredly bequeathed to those that come after us.

It has seemed necessary to go over all this preliminary matter, in
order to reach our main point, in a proper appreciation of the scientific
work and character of our late associate.

Prof. Sheldon became what he was, as the combined results of his
birth, his early education, and his enlarged experience. Thus, to his
natural inherited gifts were added acquired virtues, all enriched by
those eminent Christian graces that added a winning lustre to his per-
sonal character. Not but what he had his failings. I think it is a
proper matter of regret to us all that instinctive reluctance to anything
like public display prevented him from the wider exercise of his talents
by giving to the scientific world, in printed form, the results of his ob-
servations and researches; his name does not appear in any of our
published reports. Well do I remember an early conversation with
him, in which I ventured to urge such a matter on his attention. His |
answer was characteristic: “That is not my vocation; 7 can teach.”

PARRY — MEMORIAL OF PROF. SHELDON. 183

What answer could I make, when I knew that his most earnest thoughts
were being printed daily on the living tablets of the hearts of his pupils,
only to appear in distant results, in which the hand of the master is
known only to the All-seeing Eye ?

In matters pertaining to his avocation as a teacher, Prof. Sheldon’s
memory could be safely relied on, but to such things as related only to
his personal interests, he was, at times, strangely oblivious. A charac-
teristic instance in point will well illustrate this phase of his character:
A bank deposit, to his credit, of no small amount, was allowed to ac-
cumulate for years, till the interest greatly exceeded the principal.
When accidentally informed by one of the bank officials that there was
such a sum to his credit, he could hardly be convinced of its truth, so
completely had the whole transaction passed from his recollection.
Similar instances of forgetfulness, where the debit account is on the
other side, are unfortunately not rare; but, in this case the only ex-
planation was in the man—it was Prof. Sheldon literally carrying out
the Scriptural injunction of not letting his left hand know what his right
was doing.

Most of us will remember the long shaggy-haired dog which, for so
many years, was the constant companion of his daily walks. To many
it seemed rather a strange attachment for a learned professor, but ad-
mits of a ready explanation. However wide apart in other respects,
in both the character of friendliness and faithfulness was plainly exhib-
ited; the dog knew that his master could be trusted to do what was
kind and generous, and the master knew that a look or a sign was
sufficient to enforce the strictest obedience. There was thus a bond of
union established that terminated only with life.

Not in this instance alone was his natural taste exhibited in an affec-
tionate study of animal life. At an early day in his Davenport career,
in one of his rambles, he made captive a nest of flying-squirrels, and
no captives ever fared better at the hands of the capturer. He at once
(assisted, as in all his schemes, by his faithful wife), undertook a careful
study of their habits, provided every convenience of shelter, food, and
exercise for their comfort and well-being, nursed the young with his
own hands and was rewarded in seeing them thrive and enjoy life under
his watchful care. Soon unbounded trust took the place of instinctive
fear, and they indulged their nocturnal sports in his presence, darting
from place to place, but most at home when nestling in his sleeve or
bosom ; in fact, they would not object to make that their daily resting-
place. As a matter of historic interest, it may be added that, in the

184 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

case of one of these captive pets, life was prolonged to the ripe old
age of twelve years, and the same fatherly hand that nursed its infancy
daintily prepared its skeleton, which now graces the Academy’s collec-
tions. If now, Prof. Sheldon had only given us, in the simplest way,
the information thus gained of the life-habits of these curious and ob-
scure denizens of our woods, we should have had a gem of Natural
History worthy the pen or pencil of an Audubon or Thoreau. But,
alas! such information has now gone beyond our reach.

Better than all this, however, though in the same line of research, was
his earnest life-study of humanity; from the obscure pages of ancient
lore, in which he was well versed, he ever turned with delight, to “read
that hidden book, the human heart.” He studied, with ever-increased
interest its manner of growth and its manifold development, never so
happy as when seeing it take a wise direction, under his plastic hand.
His pupils soon Jearned to know and recognize his power for good, and
yielded to his persuasive influences; the bad were reformed, the per-
verted turned from their evil courses, and all that was generous, noble,
and manly brought up to its full measure of excellence.

Pity that a mind so gifted, a character so ennobled, and an ability for
usefulness so exalted, should not, for want of proper appreciation, have
been allowed full scope for its exercise! Great pity, that disappoint-
ment in the apparent failure of his educational schemes for this, his
chosen home, should have dimmed the evening of his beneficent life!
With what satisfaction would those who knew him best, and, therefore,
loved him most, have seen him occupy, for many years, the pleasant
home erected under his own auspices, and displaying his own delicate
and refined taste; his simple, every-day wants supplied by the gentle
hand that had been reared under his fostering care from childhood;
attaining to a green old age, surrounded by the substantial evidences of
a well-spent life, and cheered by the affectionate gratitude of those who
had reaped the benefit of his labors, or were made better by his wise
example. But, from a higher than human source came, too soon for
us, but not for him—June 5, 1886—the blessed summons: “WELL
Done, Goop AND FalTrHFUL SERVANT ;” — faithful alike in few or many
things — “ENTER THOU INTO THE Joy or THy Lorp!”

PARRY — CEANOTHUS. 185

CEANOTHUS, L.
Recent Field Notes, with a Partial Revision of Species.

BY, 1Cx Cx PARRY.

(Read before the Academy, August 30, 188Q.)

In undertaking to put into systematic form the results of some
special observations on the genus Ceanothus, included in Proceedings
of the Davenport Academy of Sciences, Vol. V., pp. 162-174, the
common experience of finding a lack of definite information on certain
important points was naturally encountered. With a view to meet
some of these in the only effectual way, the writer was induced to
undertake, the present season (1889), a brief re-exploration of certain
districts on the Pacific coast, affording the best promise of successful
results in elucidating the doubtful points needed to clear up certain
specific characters. It is always an advantage in such researches to
have some definite object in view, some special doubtful questions to
answer; and with these weighing on his mind, the writer felt at liberty
to pass over with a mere cursory view, such matters, however interest-
ing, that did not bear directly on the main object of investigation.

To acquire a satisfactory knowledge of the earlier-described Pacific
coast species, often described from imperfect fragmentary material, it
is desirable, if possible, to visit the original localities and identify the
types with the living plants, thus not only settling the vexed question
of synonomy, but supplying what is wanting in a complete definition
of species. It has so happened in the nature of the case, that the
earliest botanical explorations were mainly confined to a few accessible
points on the Pacific coast, from which only a limited area of the vast
interior districts could be reached, amid hardships and _privations diffi-
cult to realize under the facilities of modern travel. Hence, peculiar
interest attaches to such localities as the mouth of the Columbia River,
the harbors of Monterey, Santa Barbara, and San Diego, rendered clas-
sical by the enthusiastic labors of Chamisso, Douglas, Nuttall, and
others of less note. . Treading reverently in the steps of these worthies
of a past generation, as others may do later in ours, the writer enjoyed

[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 24 [August 30, 1889, ]

186 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

a few days in the latter part of this season (1889), just forty years from
his first acquaintance with this locality, in the modern San Diego,
climbing leisurely over the then verdant hills, and threading his way
amid the same maze of shrubbery through which Nuttall had struggled
over fifty years ago, bringing first to the notice of Eastern botanists the
floral features of this far Pacific coast, in the volume of the North*
American Flora. The genus Ceanothus, which ne théh enriched with
so many peculiar West-American species, was here represented mainly
by Ceanothus verrucosus, Nutt., which, though at the time of his short
visit in April and May was past flowering, yet revealed to his practised
eye its peculiar specific qualities. Though at the time of my visit the
flowers had mainly disappeared, yet having previously observed it in
all its stages of growth, it was unmistakable, being especially distin-
guished from the nearest related C. rigidus in its more supple, often
somewhat pendent branches, its white or faintly tinged blue flowers, its
alternate leaves, and the more strongly marked protuberances on the
lower branches left by the fallen leaves, and persistent stipular bases.
The figure, P]. IX. in Mex. Bdy. Survey, referred to C. rigidus, is, as
suggested by Professor Trelease, undoubtedly C. verrucosus, Nutt.,
which, by a misplacement of labels, is credited to “Monterey, Parry.”
As far as now known, this species is confined in its geographical range
to San Diego, extending southward into Lower California. It can in
no way be confounded with the widely spread C. cuneatus, Nutt., the
points of distinction being clearly laid down in the original description.

Reversing the order of Nuttall’s journey from north to south in 1836,
the writer spent the first week of April in the picturesque Ojai Valley,
near Santa Barbara, probably covering the same time of year as Nuttall
fifty-three years before. Previously I had received from General John
Bidwell and wife, then wintering at this sanitary retreat, some intimation
of the floral features of this locality. It was, therefore, a rare treat to
avail myself of their extended observations in driving over the adjoin-
ing country as their guest. Though rather late to see in its perfection
the full development of inflorescence of the different species of
Ceanothus there represented, it was particularly pleasant to think that
Nuttall had made his observations of these plants about the same time
of year, in a closely adjoining district.

Foremost of these to attract attention was the luxuriant C. spzzosus,
Nutt., here attaining the size of a small tree, 15 to 20 feet in height, and
with trunks not infrequently 8 inches in diameter. Though low-
branched and usually of scrubby growth, it is here sufficiently abundant

PARRY — CEANOTHUS. 187

to be cut for fuel, showing a dense cherry-red heart-wood, from whence
it has derived the common name of “red wood.” Its inflorescence is
copious, on prolonged thryses, the flower of a light faded blue, the
forming fruit scarcely lobed, and strongly resinous coated.

In a systematic point of view, special interest attaches to the species
from this locality first described by Nuttall as C. hivsutus. While eas-
ily recognized from the description in this, its original locality, it has
been confused in points farther north and south by an erroneous
reference to C. sorediatus, Hook. & Arn. Being particularly anxious
to clear up, if possible, this confusion, the species has been traced as
far as practicable in its southern extension with the conclusion since
fully confirmed, that all the southern forms belong to C. hzrsutus, and
while not as yet fully informed as to its northern range, I am of the
opinion that it does not overlap or mingle with the true C. sorediatus,
the character and range of which latter I am now able, as will be shown
farther on, satisfactorily to define. It must suffice at present to offer
the following notes on C. Airsutus as seen in its original locality :

C. nirsutus, Nutt., Fl. N. Am., L, p. 266. Four totwelve feet in
height, branches spreading, rather slender, light brown on the older
stems, occasionally covered with small glandular warts, younger
branches strongly hirsute; leaves ovate to broadly cordate, petiolate,
finely glandular-serrate, dark green above with more or less hispid
pubescence, paler beneath with conspicuous triple and intermediate
veins, hispidly ciliate; flowers bright or light blue, inflorescence more
or less prolonged; fruit rather conspicuously crested, 4 mm. broad.
As seen in its southern range, extending into Lower California, it
occasionally assumes an arborescent aspect. According to the views
of Mr. Brandegee, C. arboreus, Greene, would represent the insular
form of this species, though few may be willing to accept his conclusions.

Another typical Santa Barbara species is C. divaricatus, Nutt. This
is one of the most easily recognized species, varying in size from a low
bush to a medium sized tree, with light colored glaucous bark, rigidly
spinose branches, light green leaves, usually entire, but not infrequently,
especially on vigorous shoots, irregularly serrate, inflorescence diffuse,
flowers dull faded blue; fruit orbicular, with scarcely any protuberances.
It may be here remarked that the swollen protuberances appearing as
lobes or crests on the back of the coccz are always most conspicuous
on the young forming fruit, which shrink away more or less at maturity.
The accessory intermediate appendages common in the Cevasfes section
often persist as projecting horns.

188 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

My investigations in this interesting vicinity were not sufficiently
early in the season or extended in range to meet with C. megacarpus,
Nutt., the peculiar floral characters of which not coming under the
notice of Nuttall, have been noted by Professor Greene in Bull. Cal.
Acad., IIL, pp. 80-81. The change in nomenclature from C. macro-
carpus, Nutt., to C. megacarpus, Nutt., though clearly stated by Nuttall
himself (Nutt. Sylv., II., p. 46), has, strangely enough, not as yet
been taken up by recent systematic writers. As the validity of the
earlier C. macrocapus, Cav., of Mexico, is admitted (Hemsley’s Biol.
Cen. Am., I., p. 199), there remains no valid reason for not accepting
the necessary correction which, though merely verbal, sufficiently dis-
tinguishes the separate species.

C. tmpressus, Trelease, from the Santa Ynez Mountains, did not
come under my observation. Though imperfectly known, its well-
marked characters seem sufficiently to distinguish it.

Reaching Oakland in mid-April, pleasant and commodious quarters
were kindly offered as a guest in the botanical eyrie where the Lemmon
Herbarium is located. Here, overlooking the busy, bustling town,
above its noise and dust, the verdant slopes encircling the bay of San
Francisco presented ever-attractive views. In the latter days of March,
Professor Greene had gathered from Mt. Tamalpais luxuriant flowering
specimens of a Ceanothus, which I soon recognized as the species
which, from imperfect material, I had characterized as C. intricatus,
Parry, l. c. To my surprise I also found, through Mr. Greene, that
the same species had been in cultivation for several years in the private
grounds of Professor Rivers, at Berkeley, as well as the University
Botanic Garden. So that the matenal for clearing up this species
seemed close at hand, without requiring the climb to the summit of Mt.
Tamalpais. It also suggested a strong probability, since verified, that
this might more properly belong to an old established species. In
order to verify the original facts, however, I visited the lower slopes of
Mt. Tamalpais on April 3oth, finding the species fairly represented, then
in forming fruit, while at the same time the mountain slopes were bril-
liant with the profusely clustered thyrses of C. thyrsiflorus, Esch. Not
allowing this elegant display to distract my attention from its lowlier
compeer, which, a full month before had its flowering season, thus
obviating any risk of confused forms resulting from hybridization, I
note herewith the characters then and subsequently ee postpon-
ing till later the question of its systematic relations, viz.

A densely-branched shrub, 3-8 feet in height, nner or reddish-gray

PARRY — CEANOTHUS.

bark, occasionally covered with patches of resinous warts, yo is
branches with a short, appressed pubescence, mixed with longer, scat-
tered hairs; leaves short-petiolate, elliptic to ovate, 20-30 mm. in
length, to mm. broad, much smaller on the secondary branches, smooth
above, in the fresh-growing shoots coated with a light varnish, finely
ciliate-glandular, rarely in vigorous shoots crenately margined, paler
beneath, with ciliate hairs on the veins, distinctly triple-nerved; stipules
rather rigid, and often covered with an adhesive resinous varnish; in-
floresence more or less prolonged beyond the leaves, compactly oval
or loosely thyrsoid, flowers bright blue; fruit 4 mm. broad, smooth,
without crests. In cultivated specimens where the growth is prolonged
by irrigation, the dense branches with their deep green, glossy foliage
form neat, compact clumps, fully justifying the proposed name of
intricatus.

It was reserved for a quiet closet retreat, 2,000 miles from its place
of growth, to determine the true systematic relations of this species,
and correct the synonomy. Being particularly desirous to settle
definitely the early described species, C. sorediatus, Hook. & Arn., I
applied by letter to Professor Watson, at Cambridge, Mass., and also
to the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, at Kew, England, for any
fragments that might be spared of the typical Douglasian specimens.
With the usual courtesy, I was favored with two leaves from Cambridge,
and a somewhat larger fragment from Kew, kindly supplied by Mr. J.
G. Baker, of that world-renowned institution. I at once recognized
that these specimens were identical with the plant above described, and
that the C. intricatus, Parry—fortunately not widely distributed —
should be reduced to a synonym of C. sorediatus, Hook. & Arn.

Having thus clearly and satisfactorily defined the true C. sorediatus,
Hook. & Arn., also determining its proper geographic range, not
apparently extending far south of San Francisco Bay, it became neces-
sary to re-examine the various forms which had been erroneously
referred to this species. The suggestion of Professor Trelease in his
recent notes on Ceanothus, that probably “one or more species may
ultimately be separated” from the diverse plants included under C.
sorediatus, Hook. & Arn., by more recent authors, must here receive
verification.

Thus, the specimens from the Upper Sacramento Valley, at Ione,
which, in my recent paper, I took to represent the typical C. sorediatus,
Hook. & Arn., and sparingly distributed under that name, proves to be
the first one calling for separation. As this can be quite satisfactorily

Lele) DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

identified from the description with C. azureus, Kell., Proceed. Cal.
Acad., I., p. 55 (1855), and from actual specimens of Bolander, No.
4,558, fide Watson (4,548 Herb. Cal. State University), I am obliged to
regard it as a well-marked, undescribed species, and, being precluded
from the use of personal names in the fact that it had passed through
the hands of several collectors under difierent names, I herewith char-
AGLETIZE, ‘VIZ. :

C. TOMENTOSUS, n. sp. C. sorediatus, Parry, |. c., not Hook. & Arm.
Character transferred and enlarged.

Four to eight feet in height, with slender branches light gray or red-
dish, younger shoots densely rusty-tomentose, deciduous on the older
branches; leaves short petiolate, sparsely scattered on the branches,
with short fasciculate branches in the axils, oval to sub-cordate, to-
25 mm. in length, dull green, smooth above, tomentose beneath,
strongly triple-nerved from the base, irregularly and coarsely glandular-
serrate, occasionally sub-lobed; inflorescence compact or oval, on short
or more or less prolonged peduncles, flowers intense azure; fruit 3 mm.
broad, with inconspicuous crests at maturity.

fTabitat:— Known to the writer only from the brown sandstone
ledges of Ione, Amador County, associated with Arctostaphylos myrt-
ifolia, Parry, flowering in March, fruit in May.

The necessary changes in the synoptical list, Parry, l. c., will be in-
dicated in the systematic summary at the close of this paper.

On revisiting the always attractive botanical locality of Monterey,
so replete with historical associations, I lost no time in exploring the
brushy wastes north-east of Hotel del Monte, near where, in 1850, I
had collected the typical Ceanothus dentatus, Torr. & Gray, from which
specimens was drawn the excellent figure, Plate X., Bot. Mex. Bdy.
Survey. In my recent paper, Proceed. Dav. Acad., V., p. 171, I had
been inclined to discredit this species, regarding it as a reduced form
of C. papillosus, Torr. & Gray, without the papilla. But here on the
ground, while still fresh from a view of C. papidlosus at ils near home
in the Santa Cruz Mountains, the question was soon to be settled. So,
in struggling through a thicket of Adenostoma, my eye was attracted by
a low-branching shrub, with crumpled, varnished leaves of a yellowish-
green aspect. This, on closer inspection proved to be the genuine C.
dentatus, probably from the original locality whence Douglass procured
his specimens. It did not take more than a glance (though I had made
many before on dried specimens) to show that it was clearly distinct.
Much of the confusion that has heretofore attached to this species is

‘PARRY — CEANOTHUS. 1gI

due to the fact that the published descriptions since the original, Torr.
& Gray, N. Am. FIl., L, p. 268 (which is clear enough except in the
statement of flowers being white), have been made to cover at least
two very distinct species, especially the one I have recently distinguished
as C. foliosus, Parry, l. c.

At the time of my visit, May 12, it was already past flowering, except
some belated shoots which belonged rather to a second forced growth
the present season. In these the bright blue color was conspicuous,
but there was lacking the prolonged peduncle of the regular flowering
season. ‘This fact suggests an explanation that would seem to justify
the proposed union of C. forthundus, Hook., with C. dentatus, Torr. &
Gray, the former being known only in cultivation, and mainly distin-
guished from the latter in its condensed inflorescence, which may reas-
onably be regarded as due to the widely different condition of cultivation
in a remote district.

From detailed notes then made on the spot, as well as a subsequent
visit six weeks later, the following additional data are herewith given as
representing the genuine C. DENTatTus, Torr. & Gr.:

Three to four feet in height, densely-branched spreading, with reddish
bark on the older stems, inclined to be angular on the younger shoots
by the decurrence of the petioles; leaves short petiolate, densely fasci-
culate in the axils, variable in size, 1o—25 mm. in length, oblong ovate
in outline, by the strongly revolute margins and inflexed tip assuming a
truncate wedge shape, smooth, light yellowish green above, canescent
hairy below, with strongly pinnate veins, irregularly toothed, tipped
with conspicuous stalked glands; stipules conspicuous, often coated
with a resinous exudation; inflorescence terminal, globular, on pro-
longed peduncles, or in premature shoots later in the season showing a
prolonged leafy spike; fruit 4 mm. broad, distinctly crested, the resin-
ous coated epicarp deciduous at maturity. Flowering in March, fruit
in May.

In the latter part of May, and early June, a trip was made to the
Upper Sacramento, with a special view to study the different phases of
the somewhat variable but easily recognized Ceanothus integerrimus,
Hook. & Arn. The results helped to confirm the view previously ex-
pressed in regarding all the forms so widely spread through the mount-
ain districts of California as properly belonging to a single somewhat
variable species. Thus, in passing over the country in various direc-
tions at lower or higher elevation, it was everywhere noted as a grace-
ful, slender-branched shrub, displaying its more or less prolonged thyr-

192 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

soid inflorescence in every shade of color from pure white to faded or
bright blue. In passing to a higher elevation the flowering period was
correspondingly delayed, so that even in a short day’s journey the
plant could be seen in every stage of growth, from bud to forming
fruit. ‘The tendency was also manifest to assume smaller forms at the
higher points, thus corresponding to the variety parvifolius, Watson.
It may also here be noted that even the entire leaved character is not
constant, as vigorous shoots show not infrequently irregular serratures.
In the same connection it may also be stated that seedlings of other
entire leaved species are deeply and sharply serrate. But these obser-
vations, important for the time being, became secondary in interest to
the study of another species on the rocky slopes of the Upper Sacra-
mento, which could not properly be referred to any described form.
Copious notes and collections then made confirmed this view, and sub-
sequently the same species turned up in collections made by Mr. and
Mrs. Lemmon in Plumas County the present season. Professor Lem-
mon, in sending specimens with accompanying notes in a letter, stated
that he had collected the same as early as 1874. It was then passed
over hastily at Cambridge as a mountain variety of C. ¢hyrsiflorus.
Mr. Lemmon, not satisfied with this determination, re-collected and
examined more carefully on his recent trip to the Sierras, and, our views
coinciding on its specific character, with his consent I take pleasure in
commemorating a long and pleasant botanical association by naming as
CEANOTHUS LEMMONI, 0. sp.:

Two feet high or less, spreading with rigid branches, bark lightish .
gray, more or less hairy pubescent on the younger stems; leaves nar-
rowly elliptic to oval, ro to 25 mm. in length, smooth above, ciliate
pubescent on the veins beneath, glandular-serrate, the serration most
distinct on young, vigorous shoots; stipules somewhat rigid; inflores-
cence short on:prolonged leafy peduncles, flowers of a bright or faded
blue color; fruit 4 mm. broad, conspicuously crested.

Habitat: — Johnson’s Ranch, near Quincy, Plumas County, Lemmon,
1874— May 30, 1889. Rocky slopes of the Upper Sacramento Valley,
1888-89, C. C. Parry.

In herbarium specimens this species has probably been heretofore
referred to C. procumbens, Watson, from which it differs essentially in
its rigid habit, its less expanded foliage, and different form of fruit.
On the ordinary travelled route to the Yosemite, where C. procumbens
is Conspicuous, spreading over the ground a soft carpet of verdure, the

PARRY — CFANOTHUS. 193

ordinary traveller— much less the observing botanist — would find little
difficulty in recognizing the distinction, whether by foot or eye.

In conclusion of the above rather desuitory notes, though recording
the results of careful, conscientious observation, it may be well to
present the following condensed summary:

SYSTEMATIC SUMMARY.
CEANOTHUS SOREDIATUS, Hook & Arn., Bot. Beech., p. 328.

——,, Torr. & Gray, N. Am. FI., I., p. 686.

, Watson, Proceed: Am:' Acad’, x. “ps 3365 “excl:
Bolander, No. 4,558.

—___— 5, Jrelease, Proceed. Cal, Acad: Sci, 2 Series, p. TEN,
excl. geographical range.

C. intricatus, Parry, Proceed. Dav. Acad. Sci., V., p. 168.

To be included in synoptical list, Parry, l. c., as No. 9, p. 168, in
place of C. zntricatus.

CEANOTHUS TOMENTOSUS, Parry. See page 1go.

Cs azureus; Kell., (Proceed. Cal: Acad:, T3-p.-55-

C. sorediatus, Watson, |. c. in part, Bolander 4,558—(4,548)?
, Parry, }. c., not Hook. & Arn.

In synoptical list, Parry, 1. c., to follow Ceanothus hirsutus, Nutt., as
No. 152. In group III., substitute Hrrsutus for SoREDIATUS.

CEANOTHUS LEMMONI, Parry. See page 192.

In synoptical list, Parry, 1. c. to follow C. decumbens, Watson, as
INOS AZ:

CEANTOHUS DENTATUS, Torr. & Gray., N. Am. FI., I., p. 268.

C. floribundus, Hook., Bot. Mag., t. 4,806.

=——-—~, Watson, |. ¢:) p-» 330:
C. dentatus, sub-sp. (2?) flortbundus, Trelease, |. c., p. 112.
C. papillosus, var. floribundus, Parry, |. c., p. 171.

=, vars dentatus, Party, | ¢. pp: 170-71:

CEANOTHUS OrRCUuTTII, Parry. See note page 194.

The restoration of Ceanothus dentatus with the additional new species,
C. tomentosus, C. Lemmoni, and C. Orcuttii increases the number of
species in synoptical list, Parry, l. c., to 36, or, excluding Mexican
species, to 33.

[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 25 [August 31, 1889. ]

194 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Nore.—Since the completion of the above paper, I have received
fruiting specimens of the following, viz. :

CEANOTHUS ORCUTTIIL, n. sp.

Branches flexible, dull reddish, with short, hispid pubescence; leaves
petiolate, broadly orbicular to oblong-cordate, usually rounded obtuse,
30 to 40 mm..in length, often as broad, irregularly glandular-serrate,
sparingly hispid above, strongly triple-nerved beneath, with prominent
hairy ciliate veins; inflorescence axillary, oval scarcely exceeding the
leaves, rather compact, with pubescent rachis, and smooth pedicels;
flowers apparently white or light blue (seen only in fallen fragments) ;
fruit glandular-hispid, with corrugated resinous epicarp, and conspic-
uous crests; seeds light brown.

ffabitat: — High mountains east of San Diego, C. R. Orcutt, May
and July, 1889. Remarkable for its glandular-hispid fruit, nearest allied
to C. sanguineus, Pursh., and to succeed it in the synoptical list as
io. 37.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences,

1S85 —18SSe.

[In this abstract of the proceedings of the Academy the records of routine and unfinished
business or unimportant matte1s are omitted. ]

January 7, 188 5.— ANNUAL MEETING.

President Fulton in the chair; twenty-nine members and a number
of visitors present. Report of officers postponed to next meeting.

On motion of Hon. George H. French the following resolution was
adopted:

Resolved, That the best interests of the Academy require that only the
interest accruing from the Endowment Fund and any bequest that the
Academy may receive, shall ever be used by the Trustees for current and
other expenses.

ELECTION OF OFFICERS.

President —C. E. Putnam.
First Vice-President —C. E. HARRISON.
Second Vice-President— J. B. PHELPs.
Recording Secretary — Miss Lucy M. Pratt.
Corresponding Secretary —W. H. Pratt.
Treasurer —W. H. FLUKE.
Librarian — Dr. JENNIE MCCoweEn.
Curator —W. H. Pratt.
Trustees for Three Years.— Dr. E. H. Hazen, T. W. MCCLELLAND,
C. E. Harrison, WILLIAM RIEPE.

On motion of Rev. A. M. Judy, the following resolution was adopted:

Resolved, That one hour of the regular monthly meeting be devoted to
scientific discussion.

196 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

January 30, 188 5.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; fifteen members present.
Deferred reports were presented as follows:

The annual report of the Treasurer, Mr. W. H. Fluke, shows the
receipts during the past year to have been $870.08; expenditures,
$839.87; leaving a balance in the treasury of $30.21, which, together
with the Endowment Fund, leaves a total balance of $896.95.

L. M. Pratt’s report, Recording Secretary, develops some interesting
figures. There was an average attendance of eleven. Five opera
house entertainments were given under the auspices of the Academy,
and Washington’s birthday was observed. ‘Total regular members, 150;
life members, 79; elected during the year, 10. There were 1,974 pay-
ing visitors to the Academy, 1,017 visiting members, and 1,507 visitors
by invitation, business calls, etc., making a total of 4,408.

CURATORS: KEPORG
To THE DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES:

In regard to the condition and progress of the Academy museum
for the past year I would respectfully report:

The principal accessions to the archeological department consist
of the contents of twenty-three boxes and barrels of relics from the
southern mounds, collected and forwarded by Capt. W. P. Hall. The
relics are principally ancient pottery, a large portion of which is secured
in a fragmentary condition. The broken vessels have been partially
restored, leaving considerable work to be done to complete it.

The collections of the year comprise over two hundred earthen ves-
sels, including a very considerable variety of forms. The most of these
are packed away for the present, as the cabinet cases are fully occupied
and none have been added during the year. With the pottery came a
variety of stone, flint, and bone implements, and nine mound skulls in
fair condition. The collection of human crania now number 124 well-
preserved specimens. A small collection of flint, agate, and bone im-
plements has also been received, collected during the summer on the
site of an old Maundon town near the banks of the Missouri River, at
Le Beau, Dakota. No explorations of mounds in this vicinity have
been made by the Academy or its members except some work by Rev.
J. Gass, in the north-eastern part of the State, which is described in a
paper from him presented at the December meeting.

In the natural history department eight stuffed birds have been pre-
sented by Dr. S. C. Bowman, and a stuffed alligator, half-grown, a fine
specimen, by D. J. W. Viele.

Mr. H. A. Pilsbry has collected several species of aquatic shells new
to this locality, and he has prepared a catalogue, now nearly completed,
of the whole collection of shells in the museum.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 197

In geology and palzentology, Professor Barris has contributed some
new species, described in papers recently published.

Rev. J. Gass forwarded a box of Silurian fossils from Allamakee
County, and M. A. L. Mueller, of Sioux City, contributed an interest-
ing limestone fossil, undetermined, from that locality. The historical
department has received from Dr. E. S. Barrows the likenesses of sev-
eral of the early settlers of this city, and a considerable number of
interesting relics have been added by various contributors. On the
whole, the growth of the museum has been rather less than during
several preceding years, and this is due to want of a sufficient number
of active working members; want of funds for prosecuting researches
and preparing specimens, and want of cases in which to arrange what
is acquired. Nearly all the available space for cases in the building is
now occupied. We could, however, put in the basement four or five
similar to those already there, and they would be very desirable for
collections in local and systematic geology and mineralogy, which are
very much needed. With such collections we could interest and aid
the pupils of the high schools of this and the closely adjacent cities,
and their hitherto occasional visits would become more frequent and
regular. This requires more means, and especially more attention. A
good foundation has been laid and a great deal of earnest, effective
work done, but the whole is incomplete. The opportunity is a grand
one for building up an institution which shall be a constantly growing
stimulus and aid to studies in natural science, and to public education.
To do this will require not only continued but greatly increased active
membership and active support on the part of the community at large.
For the development of earnest and thorough students and workers in
practical science, much is to be hoped from such organizations as the
Agassiz club of young men, which is now holding regular meetings here,
and every effort should be made for the encouragement of that and
similar associations.

LIBRARIAN’S REPORT.
Mr. PRESIDENT:

I have the honor to report that during the year there have been one
thousand five hundred additions to the library. We have received, in
exchange for our Proceedings, the proceedings and publications of one
hundred fourteen scientific institutions and societies of this country,
and of one hundred ten foreign institutions; almost all the govern-
ment reports; all the state public documents; twenty monthly journals,
chiefly scientific; sixteen weeklies, chiefly agricultural and mechanical;
five general newspapers in addition to the city dailies, together with
about one hundred transient papers containing articles of scientific or
archeological interest. Additions of value have been made under the
heads of Physics, Astronomy, Meteorology, Geology, Mineralogy,
Botany, Entomology, Archeology, Anthropology, Agriculture, Educa-
tion, Biography, and History.

In order to make this really valuable collection available, more shelf-
room is necessary. Some preliminary steps have been taken in regard

198 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

to cataloguing, and it is hoped that the ensuing year may find some-
thing accomplished in this direction.

In order to render the large number of scientific, agricultural, and
mechanical journals and papers useful to the community and to the
society, I would suggest the propriety of placing them on file in one of
the lower rooms, where they may be available (os reference.

All of which is respectfully submitted.

JENNIE McCowen, M.D., Zibrarian.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEBER’S REPORT.

Mr. PRESIDENT, LADIES, AND GENTLEMEN:

Never since the inauguration of the publication of the Proceedings
of the Davenport Academy of Natural Scignces, in 1875, has the out-
look been more encouraging than at the present time, or a deeper
interest taken in the work, both at home and abroad. Applications for
the previous volumes are constantly received, while exchanges have
continued to come from almost every known scientific society in the
world.

Volume IV. is a direct outgrowth of a list from Professor W. H.
Holmes, in September, 1883, through whom the Bureau of Ethnology
made an offer to publish wood cuts of all the most important pieces of
pottery in the Museum of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences

. for our own publication, afterwards using the same cuts for the volume

of the Smithsonian report. The Academy at a formal meeting accept-
ing this offer, your committee were instructed to proceed with the work,
and raise the necessary funds by subscriptions to Volume IV., dona-
tions, and entertainments.

The first form of Volume IV. came from the press November 18th,
1883, and form 13, page 120, December, 1884.

Over one-third of Volume IV. is completed, and about one-third
more in press. It is proposed to close this volume with a synopsis of
the records of the past four years ending with 1884.

Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam, Chairman.

PRESIDENT’S ANNUAL ADDRESS.
By H. C. Futon.
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN:

Upon retiring from the office of President of the Academy at this,
the close of my term, I wish to call your attention to the present
condition of the institution, and make a few suggestions. The year
past has not been one of remarkable growth for the Academy, but has
been one of progress, and the reports show the institution to be in
better condition to-day than ever before. Meetings have been regu-
larly held throughout the year, and the attendance has been good,
though there has been a failure to make them of sufficient interest, and
too much time has been consumed in the routine business of the

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 199

Academy, and not enough given to scientific study and discussion.
This fault should be corrected, and provision made to give interest to
the meetings, and make them a means of scientific study. One step in
this direction (and one which has been before suggested), is to provide
for the discussion, at each meeting, of some topic of scientific interest,
and in this way stimulate thought and research, and make the Academy
what it is intended to be —an educational institution. The Curator’s
report shows a steady growth in all departments of the Museum, though
not so great as during many other years. It is to be regretted that we
lack shelf space to properly exhibit much valuable material which is
now packed away, and as the present cases are now filled to their
utmost capacity, and almost all case room utilized, there seems to be
no way out of the difficulty excepting to erect the proposed front of
the Academy building, and it is to be hoped means may be provided
at an early date to provide a fund for this purpose.

The Publication Committee has performed much labor in the past
year, and has now in preparation and in hand some of the most
important and valuable work ever attempted in this department of the
Academy, for the particulars of which you are referred to its report. The
importance of our publications demands that it should be continued so far
as means can be provided, and that its compilation embrace papers only
of scientific value, with such matters of Academy details and business
proceedings as are absolutely necessary. As our publications go into
all civilized countries, and have done so much to inform the world of
our work, and thus add to the Academy’s reputation and to its wealth
through exchanges and acquaintance, they should be placed on a high
scientific and literary basis, and be ably and carefully edited. Through
the instrumentality of our publications has the library been largely
added to, as shown by the Librarian’s report. The demand for more
library room, binding of serials and pamphlets, and a complete catalogue
is very pressing and should be provided for as early as possible — par-
ticularly the catalogue, on which depends, to a great extent, the value
of the library.

The report of the Treasurer makes a most gratifying showing; the
receipts of the year being sufficient to pay all expenses, and, with the
dues yet unpaid and collectible, sufficient to cancel the indebtedness
carried over from 1883. The Treasurers books show a large sum due
the Academy, but uncollectible, and the same should be charged to
profit and loss, and the members delinquent in their dues stricken from
the roll of membership. The financial showing is very encouraging
when it is remembered there have been no extraordinary receipts
during the year, excepting about $250 received from the lecture course
of last winter, which was the only appeal made to the public.

The Endowment Fund of the Academy is now about $1,000, and
will shortly be increased $250, by the bequest of the late Robert Mc-
Intosh. I heartily concur in the resolution adopted at the last annual
meeting, declaring it to be the desire of the Academy that all endow-
ments should be held inviolate, and only the interest used. The future
prosperity of the Academy will, to a great extent, depend upon endow-

200 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

ments, and every effort should be used to encourage the growth of that
fund, by sacredly preserving it, that it may yield interest, which, it is
hoped, will in time pay the running and working expenses of the
Academy. “To him that hath shall be given,” and a growing endow-
ment fund will draw and increase to itself.

The increase in membership during the past year has not been very
great, and, as we rely upon the annual dues to pay the running ex-
penses of the Academy, the membership should be increased, the best
means of doing this being to give such interest to the Academy pro-
ceedings as will create a desire on the part of intelligent people to join
in its work.

The greatest need of the Academy at this time seems to be active
workers. We have in the past been greatly blessed by having an
efficient corps of laborers, whose work is shown in every department;
but we need new material to add to and fill the ranks as the older
members are compelled, from any cause, to cease their labors. To this
end we should present every inducement and encouragement to scien-
tific study, and offer every facility possible for that purpose, by having
the museum and library in as good working condition as possible, and
by our meetings and publications interest the people in science.

During the past year we have been called upon to mourn the loss of
two members, death having taken from us Dr. R. J. Farquharson and
Dr. George Englemann.

A resolution of thanks was received from the Agassiz Chapter for
the free use of rooms and accommodations for their meetings.

THE STANDING COMMITTEES
were then announced, as follows:

Finance—W. H. Fluke, G. P. McClelland, Rev. A. M. Judy, H.C.
Fulton.

Publication— Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam, Prof. W. H. Barris, Dr. C.
C. Parry, James Thompson, Dr. C. H. Preston.

Museum—W. H. Pratt, William Riepe, Prof. D. S. Sheldon, Prof.
W. H. Barris, Capt. W. P. Hall, E. P. Lynch, Miss Julia Sanders.

The following paper was presented by title, and referred to the Pub-
lication Committee: “Discovery of the Oldest Historical and Astro-
nomical Inscriptions of North America,” written in the year 2400 B.C.,
by G. Seyffarth, Ph. and Th. D.

On motion of Dr. Preston, the following resolutions were adopted
without dissent, as stating more fully the sentiments of the Academy in
regard to the attack of Mr. Henshaw:

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. : 201

WHEREAS, The Second Report of the United States Bureau of Ethnology
contains an unjust and gratuitous attack upon the honor and good faith of this
Academy and some of its members, calling into question the genuineness of
certain articles in its museum; and

WHEREAS, Such attacks must tend to impair and destroy the usefulness of
such collections, and to discourage earnest and faithful workers in their disin-
terested labors; therefore

Resolved, That justice and the interests of science imperatively demand a
complete refutation of these charges, and vindication of the character of the
parties attacked, and especially of our honored associate, Rev. J. Gass; and

Resolved, That the following paper, prepared by Mr. C. E. Putnam, Presi-
dent of the Academy, and, as we are fully satisfied, representing the whole
matter in all truth and fairness, be adopted as our reply to the articles in ques-
tion; and

Resolved, That copies of said paper be published immediately, under the
direction of the Academy Publication Committee, in pamphlet form corres-
ponding with the Academy “ Proceedings,” and that the same be distributed, as
far as possible, to parties who receive the said Report of the Bureau of Ethnol-
ogy, and to all known archeological associations and individual collectors and
explorers, and to all publishers and writers on the subject, and that a record be
kept of all to whom it is sent.

February 6, 1885.—SPECIAL MEETING.

President Putnam in the chair; thirteen members and twenty-five
visitors present.

Professor T. H. Jappe gave an address on “Kant’s Philosophy of
Religion.”

February 27, 188 5.— REGULAR MEETING.
Vice-President C. E. Harrison in the chair; ten members present.
Mr. H. C. Fulton, chairman of the Committee on the “Carnival of

Nations,” reported net proceeds amounting to $450. On motion of

Dr. C. H. Preston, a vote of thanks was tendered to all who con-
tributed to make the entertainment a success and a memorable event.

Reports of officers presented.

The paper (illustrated), by Dr. J. W. Hoffman, of Washington, D. C.,
entitled “Aboriginal Art in California and Queen Charlotte’s Island,”
was read and discussed.

March 4, 1885.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair. Nine members present; also
four members of committees in attendance, by request of the President.

[Proo. D. A. N.58., Vol. V.] 26 [September 9, 1889. ]

202 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAT SCIENCES.

Voted, To purchase of Mrs. P. V. Newcomb a strip of four feet adjoining
the Academy lot along its north line, at eighty dollars ($50) per front foot.

Voted, To provide increased space for books by erecting additional shelving
on both the east and west walls in the library room.

Voted, That the salary of the Curator for the current year be five hundred
dollars ($500).

Voled, That $112.50 borrowed from the Endowment Fund several years ago
be returned to that fund.

Voted, To ratify the action of Library Committee in subscribing for the
Scientific American and Supplement, Science and Popular Science Monthly.

March 27, 188 5—REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; eleven members present.
Reports of officers presented.

Mr. James Thompson read a paper on “Evolution of Dress.” The
Agassiz Society being in session in an adjoining room, adjourned on
invitation to hear the paper, and filled the room. An interesting dis-
cussion followed the reading of the paper.

April 20, 1885.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; ten members present.

Mr. Putnam reported the purchase of the four feet of land adjoining
the Academy lot, and a note given for the amount, $320, for one year,
at 8 per cent interest.

Voted, To invest $1,000 now in the savings bank in good real estate security
at the best rates obtainable.

April 24, 1885.— REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; nine members and one visitor
present.
Reports of officers read and filed.

A biographical sketch of Dr. R. J. Farquharson, by Dr. D. W. Mid-
dleton, was, in his absence, read by Dr. C. H. Preston, and referred to
the Publication Committee.

May 29, 1885.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; ten members present.

Reports of officers read and filed.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 203

Photographs of Painted Rocks of Rio Grande County, Colorado,
sent to the Academy by Mr. Maguire, were inspected by members, and
description of same read.

A letter was read from Capt. W. P. Hall, stating that on August 18th,
1876, he came upon a small pen on the banks of Rock River, in which
an Indian was sitting, sunk in the earth about even with the head, not
covered, and in a bad state of decay, the stem of his pipe still between
his teeth. He was of the Musquakie or Fox tribe. On May 28th,
1885, he again visited the same locality, and, digging about one foot of
earth and leaves away, found two hatchets, one pipe, and a spear head
(the wood being too rotten to save), which he donated to the Academy
in the name of his daughter, Miss Grace Hall. The bones he left
undisturbed.

A letter was read, also, from Dr. C. C. Parry, giving an account of
“A Visit to Blakemore Ethnological Museum, at Salisbury, England.”

Mr. A. S. Tiffany then read a paper on “Subsidence and Erosion.”

June 26, 1885.— RECULAR MEETING.

Vice-President C. E. Harrison in the chair; ten members present.
Marquis de Nadaillac, of Paris, was elected a corresponding member.

Dr. E. H. Hazen read a paper on “Sanitation as a Profession,”
which was followed by a discussion.

Voted, To grant request of Agassiz Chapter to use Academy Hall and speci-
mens for an entertainment on July 4th.

August 28, 1885.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; eight members and five visitors
present.

Letters were read in regard to the Henshaw attack on the Academy
from the following persons: Dr. E. H. Davis, S. A. Miller, Rev. J. P.
MacLean, Dr. W. DeHass, E. P. Vining, W. E. Barnes, Dr. D. G.
Brinton, Prof. F. W. Putnam, Marquis de Nadaillac, Prof. Alex. Win-
chell, Dr. J. B. Holder, J. Henry Comstock, Max Uhler, Prof. J. Thor-
burn. C. Hirschfelder, Dr. S. D. Peet, and several others.

Voted, That the papers and correspondence referring to the Henshaw paper,

and the reply thereto be referred to the Publication Committee with power
to act.

204 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

October 30, 7188 5.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; sixteen members present, and
members of Agassiz Chapter and visitors to the number of fifty-two.

Dr. W. DeHass, of Washington, D. C., being present, routine busi-
ness was deferred to an adjourned meeting, and the audience listened
with great interest to his address on “The Ancient Mounds of America.”

Dr. C. C. Parry having returned from Europe, gave an account of
his visit to the Blakemore Museum, making special mention of a very
large collection of American Mound relics there displayed.

November 27, 1885.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; eight members present.

Finance Committee reported having loaned $1,000 of Endowment
Fund to Daniel Preston for five years, at 8 per cent interest, payable
semi-annually, secured by mortgage on a tarm appraised at $3115.25.

Voted, To dispense with door-keeper, and make admission to Museum free
after January 1, 1886.

Voted, That the Curator be authorized to make the exchange desired by Dr.
DeHass, of specimens of pottery from our collection for other articles; also,
to send Prof. F. W. Putnam, for the Peabody Museum, one specimen of the
large pots received from the South.

Mr. Fulton, on the payment of $50, was made a life member.

Bills for matting and repairs, to the amount of. $21.45, were allowed
and ordered paid.

November 27, 188 5.— REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; ten members present.

Professor R. Ellsworth Call, Moline, Illinois, was elected a regular
member, and Mr. W. A. Chapman, Okolona, Arkansas, a correspond-
ing member.

Mrs. Putnam reported that Professor J. P. Maclean, of Hamilton,
Ohio, had given a lecture on November 25th, on the “Ancient Mounds
of Ohio,” for the benefit of the Academy, the net proceeds of which
were $15.00.

Chairman of Publication Committee reported that Volume IV. of ©
the Proceedings had been printed, except an appendix now in course
of publication, and that more subscriptions to the volume are needed
to meet the expense of its publication.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 205

The President laid before the Academy a correspondence between
himself and Dr. Cyrus Thomas, Superintendent of the archeological
explorations of the Bureau of Ethnology, said correspondence having
been opened by Dr. Thomas. He gave extracts from a letter purport-
ing to come from a member of the Academy to a member of the
Bureau, which were of a character highly derogatory to the honor of
some members of the Academy.

On motion, the following resolution was unanimously adopted:

WHEREAS, The correspondence of Prof. Thomas with President Charles E.
Putnam has been submitted to the Academy; therefore, be it

Resolved, That the Academy extend a cordial invitation to Prof. Thomas,
previous to his proposed publication, to visit its Museum, inspect the relics
under discussion in the correspondence, examine the mounds where they were
discovered, interview the finders, and investigate all available evidence.

December 26, 1885.— ADJOURNED MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; nineteen members present.

H. P. Royce elected to regular membership.~ Professor Erasmus
Haworth, of Oskaloosa, Iowa, made corresponding member.

Notice was given of the death of Mr. Richard Smetham, a life mem-
ber, who died November 27th, during a visit to England. Dr. C. C.
Parry read a brief sketch of Mr. Smetham, which was ordered published
in the city papers and placed upon the records of the Academy.

EARLY REMINISCENCES OF RICHARD SMETHAM.
By C.iCoPARRY.

A well-known form, that for forty years has been familiar to all on
the streets of Davenport, has, for several months past, disappeared
from public view; and now word comes across the broad Atlantic
waves that Richard Smetham, so long a resident here, has taken that
last journey “from whence no traveler returns.”

Born in England, January 8th, 1819; emigrating to America in 1845 ;
making Davenport his home from the spring of 1846 to the summer of
1885; returning for a first and last visit to his native land last August,
and dying among relatives at Southport, England, November 25th,
1885. In these brief items are comprised the principal record of a life
of nearly sixty-seven years, well known to every one present, but by
few really appreciated or understood.

As one of the earliest personal acquaintances of the writer in Daven-
port since the autamn of 1846, and recognizing from the first, under a
reserved exterior, unusual natural and acquired abilities, esteeming him
highly for his worth’s sake, and only regretting that my limited means

206 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

of information will not afford full scope for doing justice to his mem-
ory as a friend and an associate life-member of the Davenport Acad-
emy of Sciences, I cannot well decline this opportunity of placing on
record a few personal recollections, which may be of interest to those
here present, and not inappropriate to this time and place.

The natural reserve which, in later years, formed one of the marked
traits of Mr. Smetham’s social character, were less conspicuous at an
early day in the history of this and other western towns, when every-
body was expected to take an active part in all public and social rela-
tions, and peculiarities of disposition were merely looked upon as ob-
jects of inquisitive curiosity. But in Mr. Smetham’s case, under this
constitutional reserve lay a concealed depth of warm-hearted, generous
sympathy, manifest only to his most intimate friends, tinged, it may be,
with a slight vein of piquant misanthropy. My first introduction, in
the character of family physician, afforded but a brief insight into the
sacred relations of family life, which in this particular case were sedu-
lously maintained, and guarded from outside intrusion for many years.
The little, lowly cottage, with its picturesque site, crowning the hill
overlooking the broad valley of the Mississippi, which he first selected
for his western home, remained unchanged except in a thicker profu-
sion of fragrant lilacs and blooming roses, while overtopped on every
side by stately mansions of refinement and architectural elegance,
located in part on his original purchase, and fairly represented his own
unobtrusive character of only half-revealed attractions.

Only once that I can remember in the period of his active life (in
1848), Mr. Smetham undertook what in those days was an adventurous
journey, on a raft, from the falls of the St. Croix to St. Louis, and,
while speaking with enthusiasm of the natural beauties of this trip, he
never seemed inclined to repeat its accompanying hardships.

Somewhere about this time (probably in the winter of 1848—g), the
writer was associated with him in an organization called The Trans-
Mississippi Club, the object of which was to keep up a friendly inter-
course of members during life, by yearly meetings and personal records.
This worthy object was, however, never carried out, and our first annual
festival was also our last. According to my present recollection, but
one member of this club, beside myself, is now living in Davenport.

As Mr. Smetham was known to possess a high order of literary
ability, he was frequently urged—but always declined—to give any
public exhibition of the same; only one little poetic gem, which I shall
notice Jater on, thrown off from his ready pen, found place in print, in
the pages of the Weekly Gazette in 1847.

As years passed on and other engagements called the writer to far
distant scenes of Jabor, Mr. Smetham, instead of cultivating in public
his higher abilities, assumed in turn the routine drudgery of a country
editor, a post-office clerk, a deputy county treasurer, and finally a bank
cashier. In all these unattractive positions the duties assigned him
were always carried out with scrupulous exactness and unswerving
fidelity. It was only as a side issue, and with a view to needed relax-
ation that he exercised his taste as an art connoisseur, and became an

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 207

active member and liberal patron of the Davenport Academy of
Sciences. Beneath that earnest face as a frequent attendant at our
regular meetings, lurked the hidden fire of a repressed, thoughtful zeal,
which we would have been glad to see expressed in fitting words had
we the magic power to evoke them; but it was not to be—like the
hero of Gray’s Elegy, which, in many ‘other respects he resembled, be
calmly chose

“Along the cool sequestered vale of life

To keep the noiseless tenor of his way.”

With ample means at his command, he apparently never ventured
beyond his first land speculation, and postponed until too late in life
the inspiration he might have received from a visit to his native land.
Only after years had diminished his physical vigor, and tinged his locks
with silver—after his invalid wife had been laid at rest beneath the
prairie sod, did he undertake alone this long- postponed journey, leaving
an only daughter behind, anxiously expecting news of his speedy re-
covery —instead of which comes the hasty summons to his death-bed ;
alas! not soon enough to receive his parting blessing. And now our
friend and associate finds a peaceful grave in the land of his birth and
early youth.

Let me now, as his old-time friend, do the best thing for his memory
by bringing from its obscure hiding-place and putting on permanent
record in the proceedings of this Academy, of which he was so leng an
honored member, the poetic gem before alluded to, entitled “A Prairie
Sunset,” an ode which in its keen appreciation of natural scenery, its
graphic imagery, tender vein of pathos, and polished poetic diction,
would be worthy the pen of a Gray or a Bryant.

It is introduced by the following characteristic note in the Weekly
Gazette of February 22, 1847:

DAVENPORT, IowA, February 11, 1847.
Mr. Eprror:

Siv — The enclosed verses were written last fall, and are offered to you for
publication in the hope that they may claim from local interest the attention
which they may fail to awaken on the score of poetic merit. I admit your
right, as the priest of your own oracle, to print or refuse them, and I have only
to beg that should you deem them unworthy of your paper, your stove alone
may be the repository of the secret of their existence.

Yours, etc., RAS

A PRAIRIE SUNSET IN AUTUMN.

Emblem of the Eternal! gorgeous sun,
How vainly doth the laboring mind essay
To laud thee worthily; since time begun,
Supremely beauteous, thy transcendent ray
Has glittered in the poet’s verse, yet none
Hath yet half told thy glory, King of Day!
Till human praise can match angelic song,
The Muses’ highest flight will do thee wrong.

208 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

How grand thy course, and how august thy birth:
God said “ Let there be light,” and suddenly

Light followed the behest; the heavens, the earth,
The thronging universe, were full of thee;

Thy disc blazed luminous, and light went forth
With swift diffusion, over land and sea;

The morning stars sang rapturous at thy rise,

And dungeon darkness changed to Paradise.

This morn thy face through mists was faintly gleaming;
The hot meridian saw thee conquest-crowned.

*Tis eve. And now thine eye is softly beaming,
Throwing long shadows on the broidered ground,

And mellow floods of goiden rays are streaming,
Bathing in joyous lustre all around;

Till by thy smile to this poor earth is given

A rich reflection of the hues of heaven.

The sky is crowded with magnificence
To grace and illustrate thy short adieu;
Deep orange is the horizon, from thence
Stretches a lengthened belt of saffron hue,
Bordered with streaks of violet intense,
Attenuating gently into blue;
While in the east a line of silver light
Proclaims the coming of the Queen of Night.

Far round the boundless prairie sinks and swells
With long, low rolls, like a subsiding sea

Which, by strong magic and most potent spells,
Congealed in all its waves, has ceased to be

A thing of ebbs and flows; these hills and dells,
Clothed with luxuriance, flourish steadfastly,

But at this hour the varying landscape seems

To borrow motion from thy shifting gleams.

The genial atmosphere is full of balm;
A Sabbath stillness reigns o’er hill and dale;

Save when the grouse with soft wings fans the calm,
Or with sharp whirrings springs the startled quail,

Or where yon small bird pipes his evening psalm;
The nearest house seems like a distant sail;

The bland air vibrates to no human tone,

With peace and solitude I am alone.

Yet not alone! the spirit hath a dower

Of dear remembrance, safe from time’s attack,
A sacred treasury, and there is power

In the warm smile of Nature to call back,
Through the bright vistas of this sunset hour,

Those who have wandered with us o’er life’s track,
Whose hearts are founts of purest sympathies,
And love right fondly such a scene as this.

They come in spirit from that distant shore,

The mother-land which late I called my home;
That sea-girt isle which I may see no more;

But ’tis a bliss to know, where’er I roam
That neither lapse of time, nor tempest’s roar,

Nor constant washing of the salt sea foam,
Can sunder soul from soul, while they may still
Drink kindred draughts trom Nature’s gushing rill.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 209

And now the broad red orb has sunk from sight;
The shadows deepen; in the glimmering skies
Lingers a faint and fast receding light;
A misty cloak o’er all the landscape lies;
The dew falls, shaken from the wings of night;
O’er the expiring day the fresh wind sighs;
And I will homeward turn, with thankful heart
That in Creation’s joys I still may claim my part.

(Davenport, 1546). Reis:

On motion, the following resolution was adopted:

Resolved, That a committee of five be appointed to act in consultation with
the President of the Academy, to investigate the matter of the conduct of Mr.
A.S. Tiffany, in impeaching the genuineness of certain very important relics in
our museum, and in putting in circulation grave charges against the honor and
good faith of his associate members, without having first presented his charges
before the Academy.

The following were appointed as such committee: Messrs. H. C.

Fulton, D. S. Sheldon, C. H. Preston, James Thompson, C. C. Parry.

January 27, 1886.— ANNUAL MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; thirty members present.
Reports of the various officers were presented.

Reports as condensed for publication, as follows:

TREASURER’S REPORT.

EP CGENPES TrOMM aI SOURCE. on\c of i nals ec aces din oes med Ye OA eels ee DE Lamon
DISHUNSEMEMtSHe re kes tetas Bee ate sense Satie seat Nc wae Ree ee ee} DGC)

Balance ime treas Why scr sere ese k= (toes hay cers NR Re Ne $ 6 62
ISO NaAVER D Yel 0 bre dam aoe & tsi loie OM aeons piss tea. At es pa LOO

IP SirrimeMmern Ela ima on ATE GN INC van awe Boo Becamsomioreoce ae kcedosse $1,156 95

W. H. FLUKE, JZreasurer.

RECORDING SECRETARY’S REPORT.

Regular Academy Meetings............

aete ReL RE. Re 8 RS TL ae eee
INtinbemotiveoulamVlenlbensescer ces ee cena ee ne eee 170
INUimbersomisifesViemberss wrote. os: ae ere tel Ae Se ae eee So
Number of Correspondines= Members.-s4-5-- ++) eee toe ee SSO
Waisitorsed (rim cethemyealc (MOOS) ates estas ac, 5c wen ean are cents ON OP ole res

The Rooms of the Academy have been occupied during the year by the
Scott County Horticultural Society, the Scott County Medical and Pharma-
ceutical Societies, and the Agassiz Club.

Lucy M. Pratt, Recording Secretary.

[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] Di [September 14, 1889. ]

210 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

LIBRARIAN'S REPORT.

Additions toitheibrary during 1865 \. cise. ors eisln sillier einen eee eee

DR JENNIE McCoweEn, Librarian.

REPORT OF PUBLICATION COMMITTEE,

FRECCIDES sce Lieve) Ce oleae isvie ge of o.m 6 Eu Ehs utils oat ers Ake $525 25
PK penditures sy Aekislac LAs Meese cha ata pales elvels iach aay ale cee ane 590 60

Volume IV. nearly completed. Funds necessary for completion of the vol-

ume, $300. Mrs. M. L. D. Purnam, Chaivman.
CURATOR’S REPORT.

The additions to the Museum for 1885 included a large number of
archeological relics presented by Captain Hall, a small prehistoric
vessel made of steatite from California; an earthen pipe, and another
of red pipestone, both apparently Indian pipes, a stone relic inscribed
with some very curious characters, all found in this vicinity; several
historical relics, a few mineralogical specimens; mastodon bones and
teeth; a Japanese book of thin sections of the Japanese woods —one
hundred species and three sections of each; three live rattlesnakes; a
collection of southern shells, including some new species; and other
less important articles, too numerous to mention. ‘The Academy needs
a cabinet, illustrating our local geology as fully as possible, and also a
systematic collection in geology and mineralogy, both properly classi-
fied for reference and study, as they would render valuable aid to
members and young societies, and to classes who‘ might visit them from

ali hools.
ane sp aohe! scapes W:. Hy? PRATT, (Cuxam7e

4
PRESIDENT’S ANNUAL ADDRESS.
By C. E. Putnam.

LADIES AND GENTLEMEN:

In the performance of the duty which devolves upon the President,
it has been the almost uniform practice with those who have preceded
me to embrace in the annual address a synopsis of the reports of the
several officers of the Academy; but, as the condition and progress of
the various departments are set forth in these reports, I shall upon this
occasion depart from the usual custom, and omit any reference to
these details.

When, at the last annual meeting of the Academy, I yielded to the
urgent solicitation of its life members, and accepted the position I
now hold, it was with many misgivings whether the absorbing cares
of a professional life would afford me sufficient leisure to properly
perform its duties. The delightful studies, the intricate researches,
the profound and thoughtful discussions which make up the life
of a scientific association, are so exacting in their requirements as
to almost exclude the ordinary men of business, and limit its active

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. O1eF

membership to the select students of science. But, learning that this
fair structure, which embodies so many hopes, fears, struggles, which
has been sanctified by sacrifice and ennobled by high ideals, was being
assailed from without, and that a crisis had arrived in the history of the
Academy when its friends and patrons must rally to its support, I could
not refrain from taking my place in the ranks, and using my best en-
deavors to protect it from impending ruin.

At the close of the preceding year there had appeared in the Second
Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, connected with the Smith-
sonian institution, a virulent attack upon the authenticity of the in-
scribed tablets and elephant pipes in the museum of our Academy, and
this was accompanied by a most unjustifiable assault upon the Rev. Mr.
Gass, the principal discoverer. ‘These charges against our Academy
were made by Henry W. Henshaw, an employe in that department,
and had the approval, and were published with the endorsement of,
Major Powell, the Director of the Bureau. As the high position
attained by the Academy in the world of science has been largely due
to these important discoveries, it will be perceived that to permit this
charge to go undefended would be not only an injustice to the discov-
erers, but destructive of its influence and usefulness. The gentleman
making these accusations was not an archeologist, never inspected the
relics in question, was never on the ground where they were found, was
unacquainted with the discoverers, as also with the members of the
Academy, never made an inquiry of either, and hence it should surprise
no one that his publication was made up of blunders and falsehoods in
about equal proportions. Still, as it appeared in a government publi-
cation, and thus was supported by official sanction, it was calculated, if
uncontradicted, to do great injury. Early in the past year, therefore,
a paper was prepared setting forth the facts in the case, and pointing
out the errors in the published statement of Mr. Henshaw, and this
vindication of the authenticity of our relics was printed in pamphlet
form, and widely distributed. It was generally received with favor and
approbation, as is evidenced by an extensive correspondence with
eminent archeologists in this country and Europe. ‘There should be
nothing discouraging in this controversy to the members of the Acad-
emy. We all know Rev. Mr. Gass to be a worthy and true man, we
all have entire faith in the genuineness of our relics, and, in the end,
truth and justice will prevail. Indeed, this attack itself attests the great
scientific value of these interesting relics. It discloses, too, the preg-
nant fact that, in the honorable strife for precedence in archeological
research, we have outstripped our competitors, and hence this abortive
attempt to detract from the value of our discoveries. It also makes it
clear that at last the Academy has reached the age of manhood. In
our infant days we were encouraged some, petted perhaps a little, oc-
casionally, it may be, passed by with indifference; but now that our
little planet has crossed the orbits of these official luminaries, we are
the recipients of sturdy blows, which indicate that we are at last recog-
nized as among the stalwarts in the scientific world. I therefore con-
gratulate you, ladies and gentlemen, that we have at last attained to

212 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

the age of persecution, and can now claim for our Academy the crown
of martyrdom.

The Davenport Academy has sprung intp being, as it were, in a
night, and seems almost like some fantastic fairy structure. Yet here
it stands, real, substantial, a goodly edifice, with possessions gathered
from the earth and the seas —a vast treasure-house of scientific riches.
The publications of our Academy are in all the public libraries of the
world, and in exchange we have regularly placed on our tables the
publications of other scientific societies, in every tongue and from all
civilized lands. It is undoubtedly true that our little Academy is now
recognized as among the few successful organizations in our country.
Yet it has had no capital, no endowment, no income. It relied only
on faith, hope, persistence, but these have never failed it. It had only
to express a need, and it was provided for; only to proffer a request,
and a whole community, as it were, rose up to grant it. What means
this wonderful success? Simply this: Our Academy belongs to the
city; it represents the best thought, the highest aspirations of its citi-
zens. Their wealth is its capital, their generosity its endowment, their
thoughtful care its income. Why, look you, ladies and gentlemen, only
a year or two since, the attention of the friends and patrons of the
Academy was called to a burdensome debt hanging over it, and imme-
diately our citizens crowded to the rescue. A few prominent and in-
fluential men directed the movement, spoke only a few earnest, well-
directed words, and the debt disappeared like the mists of the morning.
So, too, early in the past year, funds were needed to meet some small
current obligations, and immediately there was conceived in the teem-
ing, brains of some of our members a “Carnival of All Nations.” The
entire community entered with zeal and energy into the realization of
this happy thought, and the result was a magnificent representation,
which makes almost an epoch in the history of our city. It brought
amusement and instruction to its participants, and a considerable in-
crease of resources to the Academy. ‘Thus it is our Society is buoyed
up, and carried onward by the necromancy of success.

In this connection it may be well to add a few words of explanation
concerning the Endowment Fund. Of the amount raised at the citi-
zens’ meeting a few years since, the surplus of about eight hundred
dollars remaining after the payment of the debts of the Academy, in-
creased during the past year to the sum of one thousand dollars through
the legacy of the late Robert McIntosh, has been securely invested in
a farm mortgage, bearing eight perv centum interest, and this is now the
nucleus of our Endowment Fund. Belonging to this fund there still
remains a small balance which will be invested in like manner as soon
as the amount is sufficiently large to make it practicable. It is with
societies as with individuals, when they live within their incomes and
begin to save, their success is assured. During the past year an oppor-
tunity was afforded the Academy to purchase four feet of ground
adjoining its building on the north, and, as it was essential for both
light and ventilation, the proposition was accepted. ‘The note of the
Academy for three hundred twenty dollars, the price of the same, is

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 213

now outstanding, and early provision should be made for its payment.

The Constitution of our Academy provides for a permanent Publi-
cation Fund, the income of which should only be used to carry on the
publication. Quite recently, Mr. Charles Viele, of Evansville, Indiana,
contributed the sum of fifty dollars as the commencement of this fund,
which entitles the donor to receive all the publications of the Academy
issued thereafter for life. Building on this corner-stone so auspiciously
laid, we shall confidently expect in the near future to have this fund
well established by other generous contributions. The value of the
regular publication of our proceedings cannot be overestimated. It
incites to original research, and through exchanges keeps us acquainted
with the most recent investigations and discoveries throughout the
scientific world. But for the information thus acquired we might be
groping at the solution of problems already solved by other investiga-
tors. Undoubtedly the high standing of our Academy at this time is
in large part due to its enterprise in thus publishing to the world its
great discoveries. During the year, through the indefatigable exertions
of the Publication Committee, the printing of Volume IV. of our Pro-
ceedings has been successfully accomplished, and the volume will soon
be ready for distribution. It is a gratification to be able to state that
this work has been carried on without imposing financial burdens upon
the Academy, and that in point of scientific interest it will compare
favorably with preceding volumes.

In the early autumn it was decided, with the beginning of the new
year, to throw open the Museum and Library of the Academy to the
public, free of charge for admission. Accordingly. on January rst, the
door-keeper was withdrawn, and now any citizen of Davenport, or any
stranger visiting the city, is entitled to freely inspect its museum
and consult its library. As this institution has been built up by the
voluntary contributions of citizens, it seemed only right and proper
that all should have free access to its building, and an equal share in
its privileges. Visitors hereafter will only be required to conform to
certain rules and regulations essential to the preservation of its valuable
collections.

It was also wisely decided, some time since, to open the Academy
building during certain hours on the Sabbath day. It is well known
that there are large numbers among our business men, as well as among
the artisan and laboring classes, whose only leisure is on this day; and
hence, but for this beneficent arrangement, they would be debarred
from its privileges. It is considered that this new policy will subserve
a wise and good purpose. The great book of Nature, which is here
opened for study, cannot be otherwise than purifying and ennobling in
the formation of character, and the educating influences thus exerted
are as far-reaching as they are beneficent. I know of no instrumental-
ity so effective to counteract the dissipation and frivolity which too
often and with too many rule this day. Those mistake who think that
our scientific workers are alone found among the wealthy or the highly
educated. Many an artisan, as he passes along to his daily task, is
pondering some of the deep problems of science, and not infrequently

214 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

the hard hand of toil is accompanied with the thoughtful brow of the
student. The masters of the future in science, as in politics, will come
from the ranks of industry, and therefore it is a wise provision which
affords to this class such excellent opportunities for improvement.

The fact must not be overlooked that institutions like this Academy
take high rank in the scheme of public education. In them the student
is brought face to face with Nature —the great storehouse of all knowl-
edge. Here are learned lessons of close observation and careful re-
search, and out of the habits of mind thus formed have come the great
discoveries and inventions which distinguish our modern civilization.
It seems almost impossible to exaggerate the beneficent influences
which result from the study of science. Instead of passing the best
years of life mastering the “dead languages,” which, when acquired, can
be of little practical value, those engaged in scientific research learn
the great truths of creation, and master the utilities of life. The dis-
coveries of steam and electricity, for example, and the inventions by
which these mighty elements have been subjected to human use, are
among the direct results of the studies encouraged by such institutions,
and it is these things which make up the superiority of modern over
ancient civilization.

It is undoubtedly true that the ranks of our members engaged in
original research have been somewhat thinned by death and removal,
and this fact has been the occasion of some solicitude concerning the
future of our Academy. We, however, need entertain no fear, for the
workers are near at hand. ‘There has recently been noticed among
the youth of the land a great scientific uprising, which is destined to
rank as one of the epochs of history. In 1880 an Agassiz Association
was formed through the instrumentality of Harlan H. Ballard, of Lenox,
Mass., having for its object the study of natural history among young
persons. ‘There are now over nine hundred separate chapters in this
and other countries, with over 10,000 members. The institution has
an excellent organization. Each chapter must have not less than four
members, and may elect its own officers, adopt its own rules and pursue
whatever course of study is deemed desirable. The first great conven-
tion of the Agassiz Association was held at Philadelphia, in 1884, and it
is in contemplation to hold the next national gathering in Davenport
during the coming summer. There are two Davenport chapters of
this association, one containing thirty-two members, consisting mainly
of high school scholars, and the other about forty members, derived
from the grammar schools. Both chapters hold weekly meetings in
the Academy building. We thus have our scientific successors close
at hand, and therefore need have no fear but that our work will be
taken up and carried onward to a still more splendid success.

It should be noted in this review that during the past year we have
been favored with visits from Dr. Willes De Hass, of Washington, D.C.,
and Rev. J. P. MacLean, of Hamilton, Ohio. Both these distinguished
archzeologists, while in Davenport, delivered lectures gratuitously, for
the benefit of the Academy. Dr. De Hass, it will be remembered, was
the gentleman who took the famous Grave Creek tablet to Washington,

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 215

and placed before the world the facts of its discovery, and Rev. Mr.
MacLean, in his “Mound Builders,” has, perhaps, advanced the strong-
est arguments yet presented tending to establish the authenticity of
that interesting relic. There are thus no more competent archzeologists
in the country, and both these gentlemen, after a careful examination
of our Elephant Pipes, and inquiry into the history of their discovery,
expressed entire confidence in their authenticity.

During the past year we have been called to mourn the loss of Mr.
Richard Smetham, one of our life members. While this kindly and
genial gentleman did not personally engage in scientific research, he
had an intelligent appreciation of its value, was a frequent visitor to
our rooms, and took a lively interest in the welfare of the Academy.
A gentleman of delicate sensibilities, generous culture, and fine abilities,
his loss leaves a vacancy in the ranks of our life members not easily
filled. Our associate, Dr. C. C. Parry, has already made the death of
Mr. Smetham the subject of a most appropriate obituary notice, which
appears in our published proceedings.

Before closing this review, it is fitting we should recall the fact that
it is a principal object of an association like our own to advance the
‘frontiers of human knowledge, and it will be well, therefore, for us to
pause, take a backward glance over our career, and ascertain what
contributions we have made to the great storehouse of facts. Man is
placed here on earth surrounded by mystery, and it is only here and
there some adventurous explorer penetrates this vast unknown, and
brings to light some new fact of creation. Thus, the duration of man’s
existence on earth has long been the subject of extensive research
and profound speculation. In the special field of archzeology this
Academy has accomplished important results. Our pottery, our cloth-
covered copper axes, our inscribed tablets, our elephant pipes, are
absolutely unique, and unequaled in any other collection in the world.
They carry back the age of man into the far distant past, when the
gigantic mammoth frequented our prairies, while yet the glaciers were
at work preparing a home for civilization. And when the history of
these wonderful relics shall be written, it will not fail to record the
adventurous voyages of the “Old Man in the Skiff,” Capt. Wilfred P.
Hall, which have enriched our museum with all this rare old pottery ;
it will take note, too, of the disinterested and indefatigable labors of
Rev. J. Gass, in his ceaseless delving in mound and earthwork until he
brought forth, and freely placed in the museum of the Academy, relics
from the far past so rare they open a new page in human history; nor
will the historian fail to take count of the intelligent observation, the
exact knowledge, and the tireless labors of our Curator, Prof. W. H.
Pratt, in bringing order and symmetry out of all this mass of material,
and thus making possible its scientific study. So, too, in another line
of research, our associate, Prof. W. H. Barris, has penetrated into the
bowels of the earth, and read so truthfully the story of the rocks that
they must bear his name to distant generations. And who does not
know that the name of Dr. C. C. Parry has been stamped upon the
mountain peak, and traced in lines of beauty on many a mountain

216 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

flower. And may I not add, that whomsoever in future years shall
seek to study the So/pugide, must needs come back to the early
labors, the exact researches of that young entomologist who gave this
study his parting breath, his last thought on earth. ‘True it is, the man
who adds a new fact to the sum of human knowledge is entitled to a
place among the immortals; and it may be our citizens have builded
better than they knew, and that this foster-child of their bounty will
not only carry the name and fame of their fair city into other lands,
but will perpetuate it to distant ages.

It only remains for me to call your attention to the fact that at no
distant day it will be found necessary to complete the present building.
It is already needed. The museum is now crowded to overflowing.
For want of shelf-room, it is found impossible to properly arrange and
classify all the specimens in our collection. Th¢ books and pamphlets,
too, which have come to the Academy without cost, now crowd its
shelves to repletion. The generous citizens of Davenport must finish
their good work, and give us more room in the near future. "To accom-
plish this only requires concert of action. Where many cooperate, the
individual burden is light. ‘The anticipation of this completed building
has been in the thoughts of earnest workers of the Academy these
many years. In this world of ours the ideal precedes the real, and
slowly but surely faith works out its problems. The completed build-
ing will, therefore, soon be erected, and when that happy hour arrives
and our citizens throng its corridors to witness the spectacles it presents,
methinks, to the eye of faith, the curtains that separate us from infinity
should be put aside, and we be permitted to behold, standing on that
other shore, an old man and a youth, with the once closed ear now -
attuned to the music of the spheres, and the wonted wan cheek now
all aglow with the bloom of the celestial hills; and to the ear of faith
there should come sounding across the abyss their glad acclaim: “It
is finished! It is finished!”

ELECTION OF OFFICERS.

*
President —C. KE. PuTNam.
First Vice-President —C. E. HakrIson.
Second Vice-President— J]. B. PHELPS.
Treasurer — Major G. P. MCCLELLAND.
Recording Secretary — Dr. JENNIE MCCowEN.
Corresponding Secretary —W. H. Pratt.
Librarian—H. A. PItspry.
Curator —W. H. Prarr.

Trustees — 1st, Dr. PREsTon; 2d, JAMES THOMPSON; 3d, E. P.
LyncuH; 4th, H. C. Fucron.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. PUT)

January 29, 1886.— REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; fifteen members present.

STANDING COMMITTEES
were announced, as follows:

Finance.—G. P. McClelland, E. P. Lynch, J. B. Phelps.

Publication.— Mrs. M. J.. D. Putnam, Dr. C. C. Parry, Prof. W. H.
Barris, Dr. C. H. Preston. James Thompson.

Library.—H. A. Pilsbry, C. E. Harrison, H. C. Fulton.

Museum.—W. H. Pratt, H. A. Pilsbry, Prof. D. S. Sheldon, Prof. W.
H. Barris, William Riepe.

Mr. Harrison called attention to, the locality of the Signal Service
thermometers as objectionable, occupying the center of a flat tin roof
on a building heated by steam, with the surrounding chimney-tops send-
ing up volumes of heated air. A discussion on the subject ensued.

January 29, 1886.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

President C E. Putnam in the chair; eight members present.
Voted, Yo keep the museum open from 10 to 12 A.M., from 2 to 4 P. M., and
on Sundays, from 2 to 4 P.M.

Votcd, To continue salary of Curator at $500 per annum.

The following resolution was unanimously adopted :

Feesolved, That in view of the crowded state of the museum, it is not con-
sidered advisable for the Academy to longer continue the custodian of private
collections, and that the Secretary is hereby instructed to notify the owners of
such collections that they are requested either to donate them to the Academy
or to remove them from the building. i

Voted, To grant the request of the Agassiz Chapters for the use of rooms
in the basement.

Voted, To grant the use of the Academy to Mrs. Putnam, for the usual en-
tertainment for children, on the 22d of February.

February 12, 1886.— SPECIAL, MEETING.
Vice-President C. E. Harrison in the chair; six members present.
Committee on Programme reported as follows:

That at each meeting, a topic of discussion be announced in advance
for the next meeting.

That a paper on that subject be secured, if possible; if not, that
selections be read from the current literature accessible, followed by
discussion or conversation germane to the subject.

That we confine ourselves chiefly to subjects in Natural Science, and
that we suggest as suitable topics the following: “The Coal Measures

[Prog. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 28 [September 16, 1889. ]

218 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

of Iowa, including the Building Stone of Lowa, including mention of
Gypsum, Sand, Clay, and the Ochre from which Mineral Paint is made;
Mathematics of Plants; Migration of Plants; Protective Mimicry of
Animals; Protective Colors of Animals; Origin of Our Domestic Ani-
mals; Migration of Birds; Aerial Navigation; Explosives; Glycerine;
Gutta Percha; Phosphorescence; Petroleum, its Manufacture and Uses;
Electricity as a Motive Power; Meteoric Stones; Pottery.”

Report adopted, and voted that this list, to which any subject pro-
posed and approved at any meeting may be added, be kept by the
Secretary, accessible to members.

A discussion then ensued on “Railroad Telegraphy.” The subject
of “Electric Motors for Street Cars” was also discussed.

February 26, 1886.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; twenty-two members present.

Curator reported the receipt of three boxes of pottery from ancient
mounds.

Mrs. Putnam reported the proceeds of the entertainment on the 22d
of February, $42.00.

Dr. Barris read a review of a pamphlet on the “Geology of Scott
County, Iowa, and Rock Island County, Illinois,” by A. S. Tiffany,
which was referred to the Publication Committee.

Prof. R. E. Call read by title, and gave a synopsis of a paper on
“New Fresh Water Mollusks.”

H. A. Pilsbry and R. E. Call offered a paper on “Pyrgulopsis,” a
new genus of mollusk, with descriptions of two new species. Both
papers were referred to the Publication Committee.

Prof. Call, as a new member, greeted the Academy, and congratulated
the members on the value of its work and the worth of the appreciation
it is receiving from all parts of the world.

March 18, 1886.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; eleven members present.

On motion, the Finance Committee was authorized to make a tem-
porary loan of $100, to pay the balance due for completion and distri-
bution of Volume IV. of the Proceedings.

On motion, the Publication Committee was authorized to proceed
with the publication of Volume V.

Mr. Putnam read a communication signed by himself and Mrs. Put-
nam, in regard to the entomological collection of their son, the late

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 219

J. Duncan Putnam, which had been on deposit in the Academy since
1877, and asked the appointment of a:committee, with whom to confer
in arranging the terms to be attached to the proposed donation.

The following committee was appointed: Dr. C. C. Parry, Prof.
Herbert Osborn, W. H. Pratt.

March 26, 71886.— REGULAR MEETING.

Vice-President J. B. Phelps presiding; twenty-eight members present.

Publication Committee presented bound copy of Volume IV. of the
Proceedings, with brief statement of contents. Reported an extra
issue of five hundred copies, necessary to supply the demand, growing
each year, for our exchange list; also, an increase in the number of
pages over any previous volume. Arrangements are already perfected
for commencing Volume V., four papers of scientific value now in the
hands of the Committee.

Mrs. M. L. Marks was elected a regular member; D. S. Harris, of
Cuba, Illinois, elected to corresponding membership.

The special committee to investigate the conduct of Mr. A. S. Tiffany,
under resolution of December 26, 1885, would respectfully report that
it has carefully investigated the matter set forth in the foregoing resolu-
tion, and finds:

That Mr. A. S. Tiffany has impeached the genuineness of the so-
called “limestone tablet” and “elephant pipes,” by declaring by parole
to a number of persons, and by declaring in a letter written by him to
Prof. P. W. Norris, under date of October 27, 1882, which letter was
given by said Prof. Norris to Prof. Cyrus Thomas, that said relics were
frauds; all of which was done by Mr. Tiffany without having ever pre-
sented to the Academy any charges against the genuineness of said
relics.

That in said letter, and also by parole, Mr. Tiffany has charged our
associate, Mr. C. E. Harrison, with being a party to the alleged fraud,
in having manufactured said “limestone tablet,” and has made said
charges without having ever presented the same to the Academy for
Investigation.

That Mr. A. S. Tiffany was before your committee, in person and by
attorney. That he admitted having written said letter to Prof. Norris,
but denied that he had made the charge orally, although it was in evi-
dence that he had so done to several persons, and to at least one mem-
ber of your-committee. He also stated to your committee that he
believed Mr. C. E. Harrison to be guilty of the fraud, as charged by
him, and that he could prove his belief to be true; but refused to pre-
sent any proof, or attempt the same, or to inform your committee why
he held such belief, and gave as his reason for the refusal that he under-
stood Mr. Harrison had threatened to bring a civil action against him

220 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

for damages arising out of the charges made, and that he considered
the evidences of the alleged fraud matters to be used in defense
against such an action, and that to put Mr. Harrison in possession of
the same would give him an unfair advantage in the event of the
threatened litigation. Mr. Tiffany further admitted that he had never
presented to the Academy any charges against the genuineness of said
relics, the genuineness of their finding, or against the honesty and good
faith of Mr. Harrison in regard to the same.

Your committee has not deemed it within its province —under the
foregoing resolution—to inquire into the genuineness of said relics,
except as far as it might be necessary, in the event of evidence of fraud
being offered. But no evidence has been offered that might, in any
way, lead to the Academy changing its present position in regard to
these relics; or to sustain any charges made by Mr. Tiffany. Neither
is there any reason, known to your committee, for doubting the entire
correctness of the statements made at the time of finding, or since, by
the gentlemen concerned in the discovery of the relics.

In conclusion, your committee recommends that Mr. Tiffany — who,
by his own acknowledgment, has been guilty of acts, as above men-
tioned, which are clearly unjust, and especially to be condemned in a
member of a scientific association—be subjected to the penalty of
expulsion from the regular membership of the Academy.

Dated March 26, 1886. Signed, H. C. Futron.

C. H. PRESTON.
JAMES THOMPSON.
C. GC. Bare

D. S. SHELDON.

On motion, the report was accepted and placed on file, and com-
mittee discharged.

The following resolution was then offered and passed — yeas, 25;
nays, 2:

WHEREAS, The special committee appointed by the Academy on December
26, last, to investigate the matter of the conduct of Mr. A. S. Tiffany, in making
and putting in circulation grave charges against the honor and good faith of his
associate members, having reported that, after a careful investigation, it finds
Mr. Tiffany, by his own acknowledgments, guilty of the charges made by the
resolution, and that he still claims his charges to be true, but refuses to attempt
to present any proof of the same; and

WuEREAS, The committee recommends that Mr. Tiffany be subjected to
the penalty of expulsion from the regular membership of the Academy; and

WHEREAS, We believe the action recommended by the committee to be
just, under the circumstances; that vindication against unproven charges is due
to the gentlemen instrumental in the discovery of the relics charged to be
frauds; that the Academy owes to itself the duty of protection against internal
dissension, to the end that its energies may be directed to the purposes of its
organization, and not to be wasted on controversies instituted without apparent

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. /2

iS)
_

foundation, and encouraged by other than honest scientific motives; and fur-
ther, believing that it would be unjust to require those whose honor and good
faith are brought in question by the charges of Mr. Tiffany, to work in the
Academy and attend its meetings with him; therefore

Be it Resolved, That Mr. A. S. Tiffany be, and hereby is, expelled from the
regular membership of the Academy.

In view of statements made by Dr. C. T. Lindley, in his speech in
defense of Mr. Tiffany, the following motion was offered:

Moved, Vhat See aM consisting of Messrs. G. P. McClelland, Rev. Dr.
Barris, Prof. D. S. Sheldon, and J. B. Phelps, be appointed, to investigate the
matter of certain defamatory charges against members of the Academy, made
by Dr. C. T. Lindley.

Dr. Lindley desired to have G. W. French on the committee, and
his name was accepted by the mover and added thereto.

The motion was unanimously adopted.
April 29, 1886.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; nine members present.

Voted, That the Finance Committee be authorized to borrow a sum not to
exceed two hundred and fifty dollars ($250), to pay indebtedness of the Acad-
emy not otherwise provided for.

Voted, To grant request of Agassiz Chapter to hold their Agassiz birthday
anniversary meeting in the Academy.

April 30, 71886.— REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; thirty-two members present.

Mrs. M. L. Marks placed on the list of life members; F. M. Witter,
of Muscatine, Iowa, elected a corresponding member.

The special committee, to whom was referred the investigation of the
charges made by Dr. Lindley against members of the Academy, re-
ported as follows:

Dr. Lindley charges, (1) That curved base pipes have been made in
the Academy; (2) That people about town know it; (3) That Mr.
Pratt knows all about it; (4) He (Lindley) not only knew that they
were made, but had seen them made; (5) Mr. Tiffany had good rea-
sons for his conduct. he knew the tablets were frauds, and that other
frauds were committed; (6) He is not alone in this belief; it is shared
by some of the most respected members of the Academy; (7) Mr.
Harrison has made fraudulent tablets, and passed them off as genuine;
(8) Mr. Pratt is dishonest in that if the should pack his (L indley’ Ss) col-
lection, he would drop out and leave behind the most valuable speci-
mens; (9) The Committee on Tiffany’s conduct did not want to reach
the facts in the case, and were neither just nor fair in their action; (10)
There are “goings on” at the Academy which he is going to throw light

=

is)
Ny
No

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

upon. He is going to see that every scientist in Europe hears of these
things, and every time they are smoothed over he is going to “boom it
up again.”

Your committee beg to report that, after a full examination, they
find the charges made by Dr. Lindley not sustained. Lindley denied

having uttered No. 7. Signed, G. P. McCLELLAND.
W. H. Barris.
J. B. Peps.
G. Watson FRENCH.

Prof. Sheldon was unable to serve, owing to illness.

On motion, the report was received and the committee discharged.

May 28, 1886.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; thirty-seven members present.

On motion, the report of the investigation committee in the case of
Dr. Lindley, was adopted.

Prof. D. 5S. Sheldon offered the following resolution :

WHEREAS, Dr. Clarence T. Lindley has’ repeatedly assailed the integrity of
this Association and certain of its members, and has finally formulated and
presented before the Academy certain defamatory charges, which, on a judicial
investigation by a commitee consisting of G. P. McClelland, Rev. W. H. Bar-
ris, G. Watson French, and J. B. Phelps, were proved to be wholly unfounded ;
and

WHEREAS, The said Lindley has openly proclaimed his hostility to the
Academy, and threatened to persist in his efforts to disturb its harmony and

peace, and had thus violated his plain obligations as a member; and

WHEREAS, The longer retention of said Lindley as an associate would tend
to impair the usefulness, and subvert the objects of this Association and injure
its standing in this community, and discredit it among similar societies else-
where; therefore

Be it Resolved, That Dr. Clarence T. Lindley be forthwith expelled from
membership in the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, and that the Sec-
retary be instructed to strike his name from the roll.

Dr. Lindley being present, and declining to withdraw during the dis-
cussion, on motion of Dr. Parry he was permitted to remain, if he
desired to do so, and the yeas and nays on the motion to expel were
called for in his presence, with the following result: Yeas, 36; nays,
none.

Mr. H. G. Sharfenburg and John J. Dahms were elected to regular
membership, and the following corresponding members were elected :
Dr. S. F. Landry, Galveston, Indiana, Mr. Frank Leveritt, Denmark,
Iowa, Pietro Bernabo Silorato, Rome, Italy.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 223

A paper.contributed by Mr. C. S. Watkins, on “Volcanoes in the
Sandwich Islands,” was read by Mr. Pratt, and referred to the Publica-
tion Committee.

May 28, 1886.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; eleven members present.

Mrs. M. A. Sanders, in consideration of valuable donations, was
made a life member, and the usual fee was remitted.

The President, the Secretary, and Dr. Preston were elected a com-
mittee to revise the by-laws.

June 5, 1886.—SPECIAL MEETING.

A special meeting of the Academy was called, on account of the
death of Professor Sheldon.

Vice-President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eleven members present.

After remarks, Messrs. W. H. Pratt, W. H. Barris, and C. C. Parry
were elected a committee to draft appropriate resolutions.

The trustees and members of the Acadeniy were requested to meet
at the Academy building, to attend in a body such services as may be
held on the day of the funeral.

Adjourned until June 11, to hear the report of the Committee.
June 11, 1886.—MEMORIAL MEETING

in honor of Prof. David S. Sheldon.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; thirteen members present.

The following resolutions were unanimously adopted:

WHEREAS, Our dearly loved associate and friend, Prof. David S. Sheldon,
at a ripe old age, but in the midst of an active usefulness, has finished his work
here, and entered upon the rest pertaining to the higher life,

Resolved, That in his departure, the Academy of Natural Sciences has lost
a most efficient co-worker in the cause of science, and for the interests of the
Institution, of which he was one of the founders, the first president, and always
a zealous and active member.

Resolved, ‘That we who remain will always bear in mind his accustomed kind
and cordial greeting, and his cheerful aid and encouragement in all our plans.
Naturalists and lovers of true science have long recognized in him the devoted
student and the experienced teacher. Admirers of a true and noble life will
mourn the removal of one of the brightest examples of such a life. Of him it
may be most truly said: ‘The world is the better that he has lived in it.”’

Fesolved, That in his death the cause of education loses one of the ablest
and wisest workers; a teacher of teachers, whose pupils now scattered through
this and foreign lands, ever turn to his memory with love and reverence.

224 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Leesolved, That we hereby express our deep sympathy with the relatives and
connections, in the loss of such a loved member of the family circle.

Fesolved, Vhat these resolutions be entered upon the records of the Acad-
emy, and that copies be furnished for publication and for the daily papers.

Mrs. Putnam, on behalf of the Publication Committee, bore testi-
mony to the great loss they had sustained in the death of one who had,
from the first, given the enterprise his warmest support.

Remarks were also made by Dr. Parry, H. C. Fulton, Hon. George
H. French, Mr. Pratt, and W. H. Holmes.

The biographical sketch of Prof. D. S. Sheldon, presented by Dr. C.
C. Parry (since included in Vol. V., pp. 179-84) was referred to the
Publication Committee.

June 25, 1886.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; six members present.

Curator reported a number of donations to the museum, among
which were a cast of the “Waverly Tablet,” from Prof. J. P. MacLean,
of Hamilton, Ohio, and a collection of fossils from Prof. W. H. Barris,
including the type specimens of crinoids figured in his papers published
in the Academy proceedings.

Mr. Harrison desired to present his collection of several hundred
natural history, geological and archzolgical specimens unconditionally
to the Academy. This offer was accepted with a special vote of thanks.

In pursuance of action taken by the Academy and communication
presented by Mr. and Mrs. Putnam, at a former meeting, regarding the
presentation of the entomological collection, cabinets and library of
the late J. Duncan Putnam, Dr. C. C. Parry, chairman of committee
then appointed, presented the report of said committee, specifying cer-
tain conditions under which it would be proper that such presentation
should be made and accepted by the Academy, viz. :

CONDITIONS
under which the J. D. Putnam Entomological collection is to be donated
to the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences.

1. The Academy to assume proper care of the collection, by having it ex-
amined at least once a year by a competent entomologist.

2. The accompanying cases and drawers not to be used for additional col-
lections to the exclusion of original specimens, except to introduce more com-
plete material, or more fully illustrate original species; badly injured or
mutilated original specimens to be preserved in best possible shape, unless
duplicated by two or more perfect specimens. Type-specimens of original
description to be very carefully preserved, and conspicuously so marked.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS.

is)
Ny
On

3. All labels of locality, date, name, etc., to remain on the pins as originally
placed, and any additional labeling or change of name to be placed on separate
slips below the original.

4. No specimens or books to be taken from the building without the written
consent of the Academy Trustees or the donors.

5. Accompanying entomological books to be plainly marked as the Putnam
donation, and all unbound pamphlets not to be placed on the shelves for general
use until bound by the Academy.

6. Failure to comply with said conditions to annul the donation; or, on the
dissolution of the Academy or diversion to other than scientific objects, the
donation to revert to the donors or legal heirs.

7. Academy to ratify these conditions by formal resolution, an official copy
of which to be furnished to the donors.
Signed, C. C. Parry.
HERBERT OSBORN (by letter).
Weeds Pann:

The committee then presented the following resolutions of accept-
ance of the generous proposition :

Resolved, First, That the Davenport Academy of Sciences hereby formally
accepts, under the conditions recommended by the report of a special com-
mittee herewith received and endorsed by the donors, viz.: The entomological
collection, with accompanying cases and books, of the late J. Duncan Putnam,
heretofore deposited in the rooms of the Academy.

Second, That in thus gratefully accepting this munificent gift, the Academy
also desires to place on record its appreciation of the noble character of un-
selfish devotion to scientific objects which was so worthily displayed in the life
and labors of our late associate, the gifted founder of the collection.

Third, We also desire, on this occasion, to express our high regard for that
exhibition of parental encouragement and liberality which has proved an essen-
tial factor in bringing out such valuable results which, by this gift, are incor-
porated for all time in this institution, of which the virtual donor, J. Duncan
Putnam, was an efficient co-worker and liberal patron, and an illustrious example
worthy of our earnest imitation.

Fourth, That a copy of these resolutions be conspicuously displayed in con-
nection with the collections herein referred to, and the original papers referring
to this matter be placed on file in the archives of the Academy.

In moving the adoption of the report, Dr. C. C. Parry addressed the
Academy, as follows:

It is quite unnecessary to state before those here present that the
donation now made to this Academy, of the J. Duncan Putnam entomo-
logical collection and library, represents no ordinary gift. Aside from
its actual pecuniary value, which I have reason to know is not small, it is
also important in inaugurating a policy that this Academy will hereafter
require a full control of all the collections placed within its custody,
and for which it is, in a measure, responsible. While I do not under-

{Proo. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.] 29 [September 17, 1889, |

220 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

stand it to rigidly exclude special deposits for temporary use or con-
venience for special studies, it does mean that no private collection,
over which it has no control, can be accumulated. in its limited space
to the virtual exclusion of its own undisplayed material. This is so
manifestly just that I do not see how any exceptions can be made to it.

When, several years ago, I was specially invited to deposit my botan-
ical collections in a room of the Academy ostensibly designed for that
purpose, in accepting, at the time, the courtesy offered, I clearly saw
that if the collection, as I hoped and expected, would grow under my
hand, its proper care and arrangement would require more room and
attention than could be reasonably devoted to it in an institution in-
cluding other and more popular branches of science. I therefore, at
the proper time, quietly withdrew my collection from its temporary
custody.

Since then, as is plainly to be seen, the Academy collections have
largely outgrown the available room for their accessible arrangement
and display. The library shelves are loaded down with unbound vol-
umes that are virtually sealed books, and the damp, dimly-lighted base-
ment is in request for storage or limited display of desirable collections.
Of course, the first natural suggestion under such circumstances would
be, why not appeal to the public, who are directly interested, for an
addition to this building, properly to accommodate its constantly en;
larging material for study or display. Let those who have heretofore
“in the heat and burden of the day” carried this load of popular solici-
tation answer this suggestion. It would probably come in the form of
“Try it yourself.”

Till our Davenport Peabody or Lick makes his appearance, we must
be content to do the best we can with limited means, and the first
exercise of economy will be to cut off outside expenses; hence, prop-
erly arises the policy of declining the custody of private collections.

That such a policy should immediately result in such valuable dona-
tions to our collections, as that now under consideration, could hardly
be expected; but that it will eventually lead to such results is reason-
able, from the fact that actual ownership implies special care and
protection, and hence affords the best guarantee of an appreciative use
of such donations.

But, to come back to the point that first started these suggestions :
We have now placed in our hands the ownership, under reasonable con-
ditions, of a most instructive and valuable collection of entomological
material—historically interesting in its direct association with one who
derived his earliest inspiration toward such pursuits in our associated
membership; scientifically valuable in its profoundly thorough investi-
gation and copious illustration—above all, memorable as a noble ex-
ample to all of unselfish devotion to pure scientific pursuits. As such,
let us gracefully accept it.

The report was adopted unanimously. Accompanying, were the
written conditions under which the Academy becomes owner of the
collection and books, signed by Mr. and Mrs. Putnam, as accepted.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 212i

A paper by W. A. Chapman, of Okolona, Arkansas, entitled “An
Ancient Mine in Arkansas,” was read and referred to the Publication
Committee.

J. E. Lindsey elected to regular membership.
July 9, 1886.—ADJOURNED MEETING.

Vice-President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eleven members and one
visitor present.

Dr. Parry presented a paper on “Harfordia; A New Genus of Eni-
ogonee from Lower California.” Received and referred to Publica-
tion Committee.

Mr. Fawcett, of the British Museum, being present, was introduced
by Dr. Parry and invited to participate in the deliberations of the even-
ing. Mr. Fawcett expressed great pleasure in being able to attend a
meeting of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, and espe-
cially in hearing the paper of Dr. Parry, which he regarded as a very
valuable contribution to botanical knowledge. He then proceeded to
give, in response to inquiry, a very interesting sketch of the British
Museum—its origin, gradual growth, present dimensions, character of
buildings, management, means of support, etc. Mentioned that one
special feature of the management was the fostering of special collec-
tions in local societies, great attention being given to illustrating local
flora and fauna and local archeology; also to forestry. Attention had
been forced to the latter by the great destruction of forests and conse-
quent change of climate in some parts of the British Empire, notably
in India, where the Forest Department is very strict and requires that
wherever a tree is cut down another shall be planted in its place.

Mr. Pratt then read a paper on “Aerial Navigation,” which was fol-
lowed by a general discussion.

August 10, 1886.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; eight members present.

' Mr. Pratt called the attention of the Trustees to the desirability of
prosecuting more actively the work of mound exploration, and, after
considerable discussion as to ways and means, a resolution was adopted
providing for the appointment of a committee of three to solicit sub-
scriptions for the work. Messrs. G. P. McClelland, E. P. Lynch, and
James Thompson were appointed such committee.

On motion, the Treasurer was instructed to reimburse the Curator

for expenses connected with his trip to the Marshalltown bed of
Crinoids.

228 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

A letter was read from Dr. P. J. Farnsworth, of Clinton, Iowa, in
regard to mounds of Albany and Fulton, Illinois.

The following bills were allowed and ordered paid: Repairing roof,
$15.50; trays, etc., $3.00; postage, $75.00.

July 30, 1886.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; twelve members and a number
of visitors present.

Curator reported some very valuable additions to the museum, the
most notable of which was a collection of sixty-three species of fossils
from the Paris basin, by Prof. Barris; and a number of exceedingly
beautiful specimens secured by himself on a recent trip to the crinoid
beds of Marshalltown.

Prof. Hatch reported a trip to the Ozark Mountains, and collections
in botany and zoology.

S. M. Tracy, Professor of Botany in the University of Missouri, being
present, was called upon, and made a few remarks in a very pleasant
and complimentary strain, commenting on the advantages enjoyed by
the members of the Davenport Academy.

Drs. Hoepfner, Jaenicke, and Matthey, and Mr. M. H. Calderwood,
of Eldridge, were elected to regular membership, and Mr. C. T. Simp-
son and Rev. J. P. MacLean as corresponding members.

H. A. Pilsbry presented a paper describing “A New Hydrobinoid
Mollusk, with Notes on Other Rissoidz.”

Mr. Pilsbry also gave an interesting account of some “plants” of
mollusks near Davenport. During a recent collecting trip to Sylvan
Water, he found a mollusk new to the Mississippi River. On showing
it to the Curator of the Academy, he was referred to Academy Pro-
ceedings, Vol. II., p. 26, where an account is given of Mr. Pratt having
brought from Peoria, Illinois, fresh-water shells not found in this vicin-
ity, and transplanting some of the living shells into Sylvan Water. Mr.
Pilsbry’s findings, ten years later, show that their new station proved
favorable to the mollusks. He further desired to have recorded the
planting of a land mollusk, JZes. Albolabris, on the Island, the speci-
mens being from Des Moines.

In view of the approaching National Convention of the Agassiz
Association, to be held in this city, the Academy voted to appoint com-
mittees to codperate with the local Agassiz Clubs in any way which
might be conducive to the success of the meeting.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 229

August 2, 1886.—ADJOURNED MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; twelve members and a num-
ber of visitors present.

Dr. Preston read an account of the exploration of a number of
mounds near Toolesboro, Iowa, made on July 24, by a body of Acad-
emy members consisting of Messrs. E. P. Lynch, C. E. Harrison, H.
C. Fulton, and himself. (Published in Vol. V., pp. 17-44).

On motion, the thanks of the Academy were returned to the citizens
of Toolesboro for aid rendered the exploring party.

Resolutions were unanimously adopted of hearty support and coop-
eration with the State Convention of the Agassiz Association, to be en-
tertained by the Davenport Chapter, August 24, 25, 26, 27.

Mrs. Putnam reported the receipts of the “Woodlawn Fete” for the
benefit of the publication fund, to be $126.15.

August 27, 1886.—REGULAR MEETING.

Vice-President C. E. Harrison in the chair; seventeen members
present.

The following persons were elected to regular membership: Geo. E.
Copeland, William C. Stevens, Herman Smith, A. Warnebold, E. A.
Stanton, Thomas H. Jappe, W. M. Lillis, Dr. A. B. Dennis. For cor-
responding members: Prof. F. Starr, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; Prof. S. M.
Tracy, Columbia, Missouri.

A paper was then read by A. Hageboeck on “ Amphioxus Lanceola-
tus,” illustrated by drawings and diagrams.

Mr. Pratt read a paper by W. A. Chapman, on the “Ancient Grooved
Rocks in Arkansas.” Both papers were referred to the Publication
Committee.

September 24, 1886.—REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; nineteen members, a number
of the Agassiz Chapter, and several visitors present.

Donations of unusual value were reported by the Curator, including
a very fine collection of fossils from Prof. Barris; crinoids from Craw-
fordsville. Indiana; marine shells from Mr. Riepe; fossil shells from
Mr. Pilsbry; a fossil ammonite, weighing twenty-five pounds from W.
A. Chapman; section of a marine shell from China, donated by Mrs.
Gamewell; and a collection of large photographs of the ruins of
Charleston, from Prof. McGee of the United States Geological Survey.

230 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Corresponding members were elected as follows: Dr. P. J. Farns-
worth, of Clinton, Iowa, Professor of Materia Medica, Iowa State Uni-
versity; Mr. B. F. Waller, of New Palestine, Missouri; and Miss Belle
M. Gilcrest, of Des Moines, Iowa.

A letter and the advance sheets of an article for “Science,” by Prof.
McGee, in regard to theories as to the causes of the Charleston earth-
quake, and the character of the work of the United States Geological
Survey at that point, were read; and presenting the Academy a set of
eight large photographs of scenes in and about the city.

Dr. McCowen then read a paper on “Earthquakes,” a concise history
from 1606 B. C., a summing up of the different theories as to causation
now in vogue, closing with suggestions as to how science may render
good services to humanity in recommendations as to building materials,
methods of construction, etc., so as to render comparatively harmless
the slight shocks which visit the United States and which are becoming
more noticeable as the country is more thickly settled.

Dr. Parry then read an interesting account, by an eye witness, of
the earthquake at New Madrid, Missouri; and Mr. James Thompson,
a newspaper article on earthquakes, by Proctor.

The photographs sent by Mr. McGee, and a large map prepared by
Mr. Pratt, added much to a clear understanding of the situation in
Charleston.

Blanks sent out by the United States Geological Survey for the col-
lection of information in regard to earthquake shocks, were distributed.

October 29, 1886.—REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair, eleven members present.

Hal. Decker was elected as regular member, and Messrs. B. F. Goss
and E. J. Hemmings, of Pewaukee, Carl Deerflinger, of Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, and James Gurney, of St. Louis, Missouri, as correspond-
ing members.

Letters were read from Prof. Starr, of Coe College, asking the loan
of books; from Fred Stearns, Detroit, wishing exchanges; from Prof.
P. J. Farnsworth, Clinton, and Miss Belle Gilcrest, Des Moines, ac-
knowledging membership; from Captain Hall, asking a remittance to
prepare and ship specimens he has collected.

A handsome case for the Entomological Collection was presented to
the Academy in commemoration of the birth-day of J. D. Putnam, its
former President. On motion of Dr. Parry, a vote of thanks was re-
turned to Mr. and Mrs. Putnam. ‘

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 231

A paper on “Zastarri@a” was presented by Dr. Parry and referred
to the Publication Committee.

November 23, 7886.—TVRUSTEES’ MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; ten members present.

Mrs. Putnam reported an effort on her part to raise an annual sub-
scription of $400 a year, for five years, to provide for the support of
the Academy, and obviate repeated appeals to the public.

On motion, it was voted that Mrs. Putnam’s plan for providing an
annual support fund has the approbation of the Trustees.

A course of lectures or parlor meetings by home talent was proposed,
and Mr. Phelps and Major McClelland were appointed a committee of
arrangements.

On motion, the thanks of the Academy were voted to Mr. Kuhnen
for the donation of a stove.

November 27, 1886.— ADJOURNED MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; nine members present.

Curator reported the receipt of a barrel and several boxes from
Captain Hall, containing mound pottery, stone implements, and a num-
ber of human skulls.

Mr. Harrison read the report, prepared by Mr. Pratt and himself, of
the mound explorations made by them at Toolesboro, October 18th,
resulting in the finding of but few relics, among which were human
bones in a bad state of preservation, one skull, and the frontal bone of
another, remarkably flat, a finely carved, smooth, and symmetrical
curved base pipe, and some turtle shell fragments bearing artificial
markings.

Mr. Pratt read a translation, made by Mr. Riepe and himself, of an
interesting and valuable paper by Dr. Max Uhle, of Dresden, read
before the Berlin Anthropological Society, entitled “Concerning the
Elephant Carvings in America.” Dr. Uhle reviewed the attack on the
Academy of Sciences made by the Bureau of Ethnology, and discussed
the co-existence of man and mastodon on the western continent, giv-
ing strong support to the affirmative theory. On motion of Mr. C. E.
Harrison, it was resolved that the thanks of the Academy be tendered
Mr. Max Uhle for his paper, and for the strong support given to the
position of the Academy.

Mr. H. A. Pilsbry read by title a paper entitled “Notes on a Collec-
tion of Texan Mollusca,” which was referred to the Publication Com-
mittee.

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

to
Gs

ty

Mr. Pratt mentioned the fact that the Trustees of the British Museum
have presented Dr. W. H. Barris with a copy of their great monograph
on all known Alastoidea. It is a large quarto, containing twenty full
page illustrations, numbering over four hundred figures. ‘The gift is in
recognition of his work in the same department of Natural History,
which is published in the Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of
Natural Sciences of last year’s issue. ‘The blastoids described by Dr.
Barris are fully recognized, and frequent reference made to his work.

A letter was read from Mr. Gass, giving an account of an exploration
made by himself, of mounds on Turkey River.

The following regular members were elected: Prof. Jerome McNeil,
of Moline, [llinois, and E. B. Sanders, of Davenport; and for corre-
sponding member, Miss Sue McCowen, of Englewood, Illinois.

December ro, 1886.—ADJOURNED MEETING.

Vice-President C. E. Harrison in the chair; fourteen members and
two visitors present.

Mr. Fulton opened the discussion of .the evening on “Fuel,” with a
very complete resume of the different kinds, their qualities and sources.
He dwelt particularly on the vast waste in mining, in transportation, in
handling, and, finally, in burning; and made important suggestions as
to how much of it might be avoided. He also spoke of the various
recent inventions for preparing valuable fuel from the immense masses
of waste accumulated in the mining regions everywhere.

The subject was discussed by Dr. Hazen, Dr. Preston, and Messrs.
Williston, Witherell, and Harrison.

December 31, 1886.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Putnam in the chair; fourteen members present.

Curator reported the donation of fossils by Rev. J. Gass, and a col-
lection of one hundred fifty species of Florida shells by Mr. C. T.
Simpson, Ogallala, Nebraska.

The following papers were read by title and referred to the Publica-
tion Committee, viz.: “Description of four new species of Myriapods
from the United States,” by Prof. Jerome McNeil, of Moline; “List
of Mollusca collected in Florida,” by C. T. Simpson, of Ogallala,
Nebraska.

The following regular members were elected: Messrs. Fred. Heinz,

Herman Steffen, T. I.. Sharon, Emil Vollmer, William Stricker, Joseph
Evans, Dr. A. M. Bowman, Theo. Krabbenhoft, George Krabbenhoft,

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 233

EY: Abel, Jr., Melchior Hubinger, Adam Hubinger, Miss Grace Haddix,
Miss Flora Haddix, Mr. A. L. Mossman.

It was ordered that a vote of thanks be tendered to Mrs. Newcomb
for the base-burner heating stove presented to the Academy.

January 5, 1887.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.
President C. E. Putnam in the chair; eleven members present.

Mrs. Putnam reported $330 pledged on the annual subscription.

Voted, Yo pay the following bills out of the first available funds:

PONE MO GES LAIR Gist incisterd's obama oics Miata o = 1S cL e als ha, MA SES Ape cca 5 $166 66
TOR ASIE FITOMS UAE e AS Onde Amore ntl tenn nn Oman aa Sore sc er U1 7 Oz
TRY ORTITS SS Crenecieic orcas So eeribee @ BOIS neh OCrceIGe Rey ein lie rN oer a tec o ap gO 44
IRICUUTESHOLVEX- EP TESIGeM tame. wacr eye ne 4 tao he) Tokens isis aes sto 275
(Cajon JEM odor 6k oo keb ao moo enjoins 6dn bed oe oad oor onan: 6 60

The list of membership was revised by striking from the Treasurer’s
books those who have declined to pay their dues when called upon,
and those who have removed from the city.

ADJOURNED MEETING.

January 14, 1887.
Vice-President C. E. Harrison in the chair; ten members present.

The subject for discussion, “Weather Prognostications,” was opened
by Mr. Pratt, and included a consideration of equinoctial storms, the
relation of the weather to tides and sun-spots, etc. The discussion
was participated in by Messrs. Thompson, Fulton, and Harrison.

The theory of “Color” was then discussed by Messrs. Fulton, Pratt,
Jappe, and Thompson.

January 26, 1887.—ANNUAL MEETING.

President C E. Putnam in the chair; ninety-two members present.

The reports of the officers were read, as follows:

TREASURER’S REPORT.

GENERAL FUND.

Receipts.
Amount trom moEpme;nsoreasubeh-..25-.4c2-> soe wee se spe On O2
Dwesttrompeninehy-thnree members... - >a) 24s een re 279 00
Backwduestcollectedgcene con tye cioa ets sce se tisha ae she 810) CO)
DUES HORT SSR ce irs pes cheats Seles ote Hea Wiehe stalodin Rasa eieltl oie 6 0O
Members hipmeess (Wet y-tOlm) esas els en iio eigenen 120 0O
Discountedeposit, National (Bane... 22-year 250 00
Braccedsrotu Woodland feteregc 4:47 4-04 645). ectei eee ae PGs
Contmbubionsboxyeiete cmos. at tac so oe ys) see Dy Tit
Interestatrommbma own erat about dls sa) 2/2) ay-)te as ere cae 87 48
Amount from Scott County Medical Society ............. 6 50 — $968 86

[Proo. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 30 [September 17, 1889. ]

234 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Disbursements.

Amount paid (Curator ....64 :.:\nas berbice encase onan teee $370 00
SF doy 100) 2 IR ee Re ERI ENED Grrr 2 AUN 8 Ba ys 158 85 05
J RRA ATIN (2s 1 USS fata Steere eaten teeta: ene 45 00
aC be sf UINILON Pyar vie “aise eye ots hes hee eee ee 55 00
xe CSE OT SOAR Bis tou isis = Snciae oars or ce Me ee ee 36 25
FOE “py bers byl. “Salers sia @ ete cee eon Chae eee 16 00
& Marshalltown: crinoids:. 21.51. eee
a “for freight and express. . aL, neat kotiys opeye
a “for stamps, supplies, and incidentals......... 50 24
iS itorpamphlet (ob lephantsbipesa.- ey eee 128 00
{C- TOT ANSUTANCE meme Ab pee oe eee ie eee 34 00
: efor 1oo5 pills per vouchers: = te ee eee 62 05
x “« for interest, Davenport National Bank ...... 8 75 — $949 52
dlaneé on, hand... .<<42 6 Os es of «Gy: ete eo eyind Ine ee eee $ 19 34
ENDOWMENT FUND.
Amount received from treasury. Lovano SOU TE,
a ee o publication fund, per “Mrs. C. E. Putnam..... 100 00
ut te “subscription, Prof. Y OUNG..$s:< NE eee eee 5 00
s et i. Windsay, lite membership ticen ee ees 50 00
Balance, on hand)... % ticker. cet ech doteel ss ee eee eee $191.77
Condition of Eendowment Fund, fanuary, 1887.
Old amount die fromyeeneral fund eee. se sees ee eee $ 112 50
Amount invested ats) percent Ase. 4.cl. =) tse ee eee 1,000 00
AmMmountinisavines: bankaat 5 Pen CCM. see sci asic seine naeeee LOU 77
Potalscies sfLAe phen PRUs 6G Lb ed fe $1,304. 27
Less bills payable, note to Mrs. Newcomb, for purchase of four feet
additional-sround,....~... 2. 29255 60.54 6.61 eee eee eee 320 00
Net balance to) credit oftund, - 22+ sae) cence eet $ 984 27
SPECIAL MOUND FUND.
Weceived from! private isubseriprons a-)ieas 6 ecole eee eee WOR ce
Paid first Toolesboro expedition...-- 5---- 42-45-45. 02s eee ZOE
Paidssecond loolesborosexpeditione <1. 33 15 — 54 00
Net balance to eredif ofthis mond... sc. nee eee Sin ico
PRESENT FLOATING DEBT.
Dwe Curator, balance tObesal aiyeras et ya eee oko n eee $130 00
eee Wiis: Putnam, Auditedsaccommt qe yee ges oi eee a HS
CG. Eipwellauditedyaccount = enone eee 33 50
i MeClellandi& Cor auditedeaccountes eee eee 62 94
‘ Egbert, Fidlar & Chambers, audited account......... 42 62
“ Hastings, White & Fisher, audited account........... 27, 175
“Mrs. Putnam (furnished Captain Hall), audited account 6 60
ES ointerest tours: iNiew.conib\ yess ae areas ene 25 60
“Davenport National Bank vom. P ee yee 250 00 — $648 76
Less Offset
Gollectibledwesi(estimated) pee. sere esr ace cite eae $ 75 00
Heestdie ro miumtive miei DELS ieee y einer terasiier ener: Serene 25 00— 100 00
Estimated deficiency:. 05.0. See Se pone acl 30 ee er $548 76
Respectfully submitted, G. P. McCLELLAND,

Treasurer.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS.

tN

RECORDING SECRETARY'S REPORT.
To THE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE ACADEMY:

During the past year the following meetings have been held: Regu-
lar, 12; Adjourned, 8; Special, 3; Annual, 1; Trustees’,8. Total, 32.

Average attendance for meetings of the Academy, 15.

Average attendance for Trustees’ Meetings, 9.

Thirty-nine regular, and 18 corresponding members have been added
during the year.

Three regular members have been transferred to the list of life
members.

Died during the year, Professor Sheldon.

Thirteen scientific papers have been read during the year, and the
following topics of general interest discussed at the adjourned meetings
of the Academy: “Railroad Telegraphy; Electric Motors for Street
Cars; Aerial Navigation; Earthquakes; Fuel; Weather Prognostica-
tion.”

To sum up, there have been held during the year a greater number
of meetings, with a larger general attendance and a greater number of
scientific papers read, than for a number of years.

Respectfully submitted, JENNIE McCowen, M.D.,
Secretary.
CURATOR’S REPORT.— AsBsTRacr.
To THE aceon ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES:

The past year has been one of unusual activity and of almost un-
precedented accessions to the collections, both in quantity and quality
—among which are: The J. D. Putnam entomological collections and
cabinets; the Alfred Sanders geological, mineralogical, and marine
specimens and corals; the C. E. Harrison geological and mineralogical
collection; the Barris collection, comprising seventy species of rare and
beautiful specimens from the Paris basin, thirty species of ammonites,
fifty species of crinoids; collections of cretaceous fossils from Arkan-
sas, sent by W. A. Chapman; clusters of Coal Valley calcite crystal,
from William Johnson; superb crinoids in the slabs from Marshalltown ;
two hundred species of Florida shells from C. T. Simpson; six hundred
species of shells from H. A. Pilsbry; seven barrels and one box of
stone implements, pottery, and skulls taken from southern mounds by
Capt. W. P. Hall; sixty-two New England historical relics from G. F.
Daniels; pipes, cloth-covered copper axes, awls, pearl beads, obsidian,
mica, etc., obtained from mounds near Toolesboro, on the Mosier-
Mallory lands, by C. E. Harrison, H. C. Fulton, E. P. Lynch, and Dr.
C.H. Preston. [The names of twenty-six other contributors are given. ]
There are fifty-one large cases of collections in archeology. history,
geology, mineralogy, botany, zoology, erustacea, entomology, ichthy-
ology, paleontology, ornithology, etc.

Respectfully submitted, W. H. Pratt, Curator.

236 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

LIBRARIAN’S REPORT.

The Librarian, H. A. Pilsbry, having removed to Philadelphia, the
report on the library was presented by W. H. Pratt, acting Librarian.
(Abstract. )

The register shows an accession, during the year, of 1958 publica-
tions, embracing the usual range of home and foreign exchanges and
public documents, and including a great many valuable and some very
rare works.

The Library Committee, during the past year, has adopted a plan
for a card catalogue of subjects, and has it well started, so that this
important work, which will more than double the availability and value
of the library, can be carried on as time and circumstances will permit.
‘Members were urged to aid in this work. More shelf room is also im-
peratively needed, and large numbers of pamphlets and serials should
be bound as soon as practicable.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE’S REPORT.— AsstrRact.

Completion of Volume IV., of 1,500 copies; distributed 702.

Receipts, $1,258.78; expenditures, $1,227.18.

Volume V., now in process‘of publication, will contain as frontispiece
the portrait of the late Prof. D. S. Sheldon.

Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam, Chairman.

PRESIDENT’S ANNUAL ADDRESS.

By C. E. Putnam.
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN:

In the history of a society, as in the life of an individual, these re-
curring anniversaries subserve an excellent purpose. Upon occasions
like the present we break away from the bonds of routine, and, stand-
ing, as it were, on the mount of observation, we look back over our
traveled pathway, note our failures, estimate our progress, and thus
enter with renewed zeal and more intelligent purpose upon the accom-
plishment of our great work. In an honest review of the past there is
promise of a hopeful future.

It will be my purpose, in this brief address, to estimate the mission
and influence of the Academy, and to offer some considerations tend-
ing to establish its proper position among the educational institutions
of the city and state. If, in the discussion upon which I am about to
enter, I should give expression to some propositions which may conflict
with established opinions, it will, of course, be understood that the
writer is alone responsible.

Preliminary to the special discussion I have in contemplation, I will
briefly review some of the principal incidents of the past year. Notable
among these was the completion and distribution of Volume IV. of the
Proceedings of the Academy. This publication has been very gen-
erally sent in exchange to scientists and scientific societies in this
country and Europe, and has been everywhere received with especial

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 2207

favor, and, not infrequently, with high encomiums. ‘The publication of
Volume V. of the Proceedings has also been commenced, with some
valuable papers giving the results of original researches in geology,
paleontology, botany, conchology, and archeology. ‘The printing of
this volume will proceed as rapidly as scientific papers are furnished the
Academy, and provision can be made for the necessary funds to meet
the expense. As will be seen from the very full and complete report
of the Curator, there have been, during the past year, several valuable
collections donated to the Academy, as well as considerable additions
made to its museum through explorations conducted by its members.
Among these it may be mentioned that several ancient mounds have
been opened, and some exceedingly valuable retics added to our already
large archeological collection. These relics, as well as the other addi-
tions to the museum, are particularly described in the Curator’s report,
and hence will here be passed without special mention. It will appear
from the report of the Secretary that there have been held, during the
past year, eight meetings of the Board of Trustees, and twenty-three
regular and special meetings of the Academy, with an average attend-
ance of fifteen members. It further appears that there has been a
considerable increase in the membership by the election of thirty-two
regular, and fifteen corresponding members. ‘These statistics are re-
ferred to as indicating a growing interest in the work of the Academy.
The report of the Librarian shows a large increase to the library during
the past year, and as these publications contain all the recent researches
in this country and Europe, they are of great scientific worth. The
interesting fact should not be overlooked that these large additions to
our library are the direct result of the publication of our Proceedings,
and in actual value will far exceed the expense incurred by the Acad-
emy for printing and distribution. The library of the Academy is thus
becoming one of the largest and most valuable in the west, and is
greatly in need of binding and cataloguing, in order that this rich scien-
tific literature may be brought within easy reach of all workers in
science. ‘This department deserves, and should receive, special atten-
tion.

In connection with the publication and distribution of Volume IV.
of the Proceedings, it should be stated the paper upon “Elephant Pipes
and Inscribed Tablets,” which was included as an appendix, has been
generally accepted as decisive of the controversy in vindicating the
reputation of Rev. Mr. Gass, and in establishing the integrity of these
interesting specimens as genuine mound relics. In addition to the.
strong support received from the distinguished scientists whose com-
munications were published in the second edition of that paper, we
have been encouraged by still further and more emphatic testimonials.
Notable among the distinguished gentlemen abroad who have thus
championed our cause, I may mention M. le Marquis de Nadaillac, of
Paris, France, and Dr. Max Uhle, of Dresden, Prussia. The former,
in a paper entitled “Zes Pipes et le Tobag,” makes special mention of
the unfounded accusations of Mr. Henshaw, and maintains the great
antiquity of man in America, thus removing a principal objection to

238 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

the genuineness of the pipes and tablets. This paper contains illustra-
tions of one of the elephant pipes, as well as some others in the
Academy museum. ‘The paper of Dr. Uhle was especially devoted to
these relics, and, indeed, is entitled “Concerning the Two Elephant
Carvings from America.” It was published under the auspices of the
Berlin Anthropological Society, of which the distinguished Prof. Vir-
chow is president, and contains excellent illustrations of both elephant
pipes. Dr. Uhle thus refers to the paper issued under the auspices of
the Academy:

“Mr. C. E. Putnam, of the Davenport Academy, in an article upon
the Elephant Pipes in the museum of the Academy, which appeared in
Volume IV. of its Proceedings, has replied to Mr. Henshaw’s attack,
and though many may not have seen it, it was received by the writer
of this article, as was also the second edition, who therefore considers
it his duty to help to bring it to a larger audience.”

Dr. Uhle then proceeds to notice the facts connected with the dis-
covery of the relics in question, and the circumstances involved in this
controversy in these emphatic terms:

“Henshaw has sought, by falsely representing that the tail is wanting
in both pipes, to make a point against their genuineness. But on the
originals, as well as on the correct pictures of them, the tails are plainly
visible. Moreover, Henshaw was not correctly informed of the circum-
stances of the discovery. The arguments against the genuineness taken
from the circumstances fail absolutely. Hence, the whole attack has
been very badly prepared, and the points upon which he principally
based his charge of ungenuineness are altogether without foundation.
The impression, therefore, which we receive from the reply of Mr. Put-
nam is the opposite of that from Mr. Henshaw’s paper, and is favor-
able to the genuineness of both these interesting relics.”

Inasmuch as these two gentlemen occupy a foremost position among
living archzeologists, their favorable judgments may reasonably be taken
as decisive of this controversy.

In this review of the work of the Academy, I must not omit some
mention of its business interests. These financial matters are of vital
importance in promoting scientific research, and whether we delve in
the deep strata of the earth, or explore the star depths of the universe,
this “filthy lucre” becomes essential to our researches. ‘The truly
scientific man, accustomed, as he is, to precision in all his operations,
should also be a good business man. It becomes us, therefore, in fur-
nishing a report of our scientific work, to also present to the patrons
of the Academy a good balance sheet, and whenever an indebtedness
shall appear thereon, it should be made clear that it was wisely incurred,
and represents true scientific progress. “Pay as you go” isa good rule
for both societies and individuals, and yet indebtedness does not always
indicate improvidence. Thus, at the close of the great civil war, the
ledger of the nation exhibited an enormous deficiency, but, when turning
to the other side of the account the government was found credited with
the emancipation of a race, this very indebtedness appeared encircled
with a halo of glory. So, too, when the Royal Society of England

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 239

found itself without sufficient funds to publish the great work of Sir
Isaac Newton, and was compelled to accept the generous contribution
of the noted astronomer, Edmund Halley, to enable it to give to the
world the most wonderful discovery ever made on this planet, every
dollar of the financial obligations thus incurred became radiant as a
star. Thus it is, while the cash system furnishes a good rule of con-
duct, it is undoabtedly true that in the history of a scientific society
exigencies may arise when it is justifiable to anticipate future resources,
but ceaseless care should be observed that no indebtedness is incurred
which can be set down by the most captious as improvidence.

It will be unnecessary for me to go over the financial details of the
past year, as they have been clearly presented in the Treasurer’s report.
It appears therefrom that our stated income has been insufficient to
meet all necessary expenses, thus leaving a small balance of indebted-
ness; but it is evident from the reports of the Librarian, Curator, and
Publication Committee, that there has been no unwise expenditure.
The generous patrons of the Academy have, however. recently inaug-
urated a scheme which will, in a large measure, relieve it of these small
financial embarrassments. A subscription has been started, and has
already received the signature of many influential citizens, whereby the
subscribers obligate themselves to pay, for five years, an annual amount,
the aggregate of which, with the sums received from yearly dues of
members, will be sufficient to meet all ordinary expenses.

These financial drawbacks sometimes seem to be serious obstacles
in our pathway, but in surmounting them it may be we are acquiring
that hardihood which insures ultimate success. In moments of dis-
couragement it will profit us to recall the like experiences of other and
older societies which have become famous in the world’s history. Take
for example some of the well-known societies of London, England —
such as the Royal Society, the Royal Institution, the Society of Arts, the
Institution of Civil Engineers, the Chemical Society, the London Insti-
tution, the Birhback Institute, the Society of Telegraphic Engineers, the
Museum of Practical Geology, the Statistical Society, and “the Royal
Geographical Society. All these famous institutions have been, like our
own, inaugurated and conducted through private enterprise, and with-
out government aid, with perhaps the exception of the last named,
which has, I believe, received a small subsidy. In reviewing the his-
tory of these institutions we find their experiences not unlike our own,
and the narrative of some of their financial difficulties reads like a page
from our own records. ‘Thus, in explaining the inability of the Royal
Society to publish the immortal “Principia” of Sir Isaac Newton, it is
stated as a reason that “the finances of the institution had been so ter-
riably depleted that even the salaries of the regular officers were in
arrears. Members did not pay their subscriptions, and some of them,
like Newton, were specially exempted from payment of their yearly
fifty-two shillings, on account of the inadequacy of their means.” This
great institution, however, surmounted all these financial tribulations,
and became the leader in scientific progress throughout the world. So
great and important, indeed, have been its achievements that in com-

240 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

menting upon its publications Mr. Huxley expressed the opinion that
“if all the books in the world except the Philosophical Transactions
were destroyed, it is safe to say that the foundation of physical science
would remain unshaken, and that the vast intellectual progress of the
last two centuries would be largely, though incompletely, recorded.”
Such experiences, and such triumphs, even at so great a distance,
should allay all our discouragement, and inspire us with zeal and pur-
pose to build up here in the far-away valley of the Mississippi, an insti-
tution which may become a beacon light throughout the scientific world.

The impression is extensively entertained that only those whose sit-
uation in life gives them abundant leisure can engage in scientific
pursuits, and hence that a scientific man cannot at the same time be a
practical business man. Without doubt these erroneous impressions
have deterred many of those engaged in some of the industrial callings
from taking an active part in scientific research. A review of the lives
of some of the most noted scientific investigators will, however, reveal
the fact that, like Hugh Miller, they have steadily pursued some one of
the industrial callings, and have only given their leisure hours to scien-
tific pursuits. Upon this subject the late Lord Brougham made these
wise observations:

“Some of the great philosophers in all ages have been engaged in
the pursuits of active life, and an assiduous devotion of the bulk of our
time to the work which our condition requires is an important duty,
and indicates the possession of practical wisdom. This, however, does
by no means hinder us from applying the rest of our time, beside what
nature requires for meals and rest, to the study of science, and he who,
in whatever station his lot may be cast, works his day’s work, and im-
proves his mind in the evening, as well as he who, placed above such
necessity, prefers the refined and elevating pleasures of knowledge
to the low gratification of the senses, deserves the name of a true
philosopher.”

These earnest words of a great thinker should encourage all the sons
of toil to select from among the many branches of science some one for
special study; giving to it their morning and their evening hours, with
their days of leisure, it will grow with wonderful rapidity. As they
pass to and fro from their homes to their places of business, new truths
will seem to beckon them onward, new revelations of nature will call
them to higher realms of thought, and as one by one they master the
secrets of creation they will learn the worth of being, and attain to the
dignity of true manhood. The knowledge thus acquired will pass into
their experiences like a benediction —lightening toil, assuaging trouble,
and elevating life with a lofty purpose.

In this review I must not omit reference to the museum of the
Academy, undoubtedly the largest in the west, and containing collec-
tions, especially in entomology, palentology, and archeology, which
are of great scientific value. The care and classification of this large
and increasing mass of material demands the constant attention of a
zealous and skillful Curator, and thus entails upon the Academy the
larger portion of its current expenditures. This Society has been for-

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 241

tunate in securing for this position, at an extremely moderate compen-
sation, the services of an earnest and competent gentleman who, more
than any other person, has contributed to the establishment of this in- _
stitution on a firm and enduring basis. It must be borne in mind that
the museum is thus maintained and thrown open to the public for the
benefit of all students of science. It affords no income to the Acad-
emy, and entails only expense, and yet as an educational institution it
is of inestimable value. No doubt it is true that scientific researches
may be pursued, and new discoveries published to the world without
the collection of a museum, and therefore we have to expect from the
public, for whose benefit it is maintained, liberal contributions toward
its support.

This line of thought suggests various inquiries it may be well to pon-
der. What is the meaning of the scientific enterprise in which we are
engaged? Are the researches in which the members of the Academy
are so profoundly interested pursued only through idle curiosity, or
have they a practical purpose? Is our museum a mere curiosity-shop,
or is it a leaf carefully translated from the great volume of nature? In
seeking a solution of these deep questions it will be apparent that the
Academy fills an important place in the advancement of culture, and
that it and other like institutions are forerunners of the néw and true
education. As an adjunct to our public school system, the museum of
the Academy can be made of inestimable value. It is well known to
all investigators that the truths of science cannot be learned alone from
books, but need to be verified by researches in the field and laboratory,
and this it is that gives to the scientific collections in our museum their
great educational value.

I will now ask your attention to a brief consideration of the practical
value of scientific study. I refer here not so much to the inestimable
worth of these researches in the discovery of pure truth, as to the in-
fluence of its discoveries in advancing the material well-being of the
citizen, and thus strengthening the foundations of the state. It is
related of Michae] Faraday and Joseph Henry that they refused to reap
any pecuniary reward from their great discoveries, and hence, as soon
as their scientific researches attained a point where invention made
them practically useful and gave them a commercial value, they then
abandoned that field of study, assured that the large number intent on
gain would complete the work, and themselves pressed onward, like
veritable pioneers, toward the frontiers of knowledge, to again engage
in the higher and more congenial employment of disinterested research.
While it is doubtless true that to the earnest student of science the dis-
covery of new truths is its own sufficient reward, still, in seeking to
secure the adoption of physical research into the busy practical life
around us, it is fitting that we should give appropriate consideration to
the economic values of these science studies. Consider, then, for a
moment, how intimately scientific discoveries, and the mechanical in-
ventions which follow in their wake, are interwoven into the web and
woof of our social, civil, and political institutions. ‘Take, for example,
from the circle of sciences some of its principal branches, like botany,

[Proc. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 31 [September 19, 1889. ]

242 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

zoology, geology, mineralogy, chemistry, meteorology, astronomy, and
the undulatory forces, light, heat, and electricity, and see how largely
they contribute to the needs of our daily life, and the requirements of
modern civilization. Thus, the discovery of magnetism and electricity
has been followed by inventions which have given to humanity the tel-
egraph, the telephone, and the electric light. By the telegraph, time
and distance have been well-nigh obliterated, and nations, though sep-
arated by seas and continents, are now brought into hourly communi-
cation, and through the net-work of friendly relations thus woven round
the earth, war has almost disappeared from human history. By the use
of the telephone an entire community is enabled to engage in familiar
conversation as though collected under one roof, and even the inhab-
itants of neighboring cities, without leaving their homes,-may carry on
with each other the ordinary transactions of business life. Thus, too,
the discovery of the expansive powers of steam has been followed by
mechanical inventions which have subjected it to human control, and
made it “the drudge of civilization.” This almost superhuman power
now enters into all the industries of life, and, by increasing the pro-
ductive power of labor, has elevated the race. It has been estimated
that by the use of steam the resources of labor have been augmented
a thousand-fold, and that, in the manufactories of Great Britain alone,
“the power which steam exerts is equal to the manual labor of four
hundred millions of men, or more than double the number of males
supposed to inhabit the globe.” So, too, by the use of steam in navi-
gation, and for operating railroads, and the facilities thus afforded for
rapid travel and transportation, trade and commerce have been widely
extended over the vacant places of the earth, and thus large value given
to hitherto vast unproductive areas. But for the net-work of.railroads
which cover our western prairies, these broad tracts now teeming with
abundant harvests would be nearly valueless. So, also, researches in
optics, with the aid of chemistry, have given us photography, and the
Spectrum Analysis, which are among the most important discoveries of
recent years. Photography is not alone the artist of society, but, as the
aid of modern science, it goes into the far reaches of space to faithfully
record the most evanescent of celestial phenomena, and into the depths
of the sea to depict the strange secrets for the wondering gaze of man.
The spectrum analysis, though less intimately associated with our daily
lives, is no less wonderful. It gives us a deep insight into the elements
of the earth, and reveals the composition of the heavenly bodies.
This, as you all know, is accomplished through the decomposition of
light, and thus, by a careful comparison of the spectra of earthly sub-
stances with those of the celestial bodies, astronomers have been able
to detect many of the materials of which they are composed. So, also,
the recent researches in anatomy, physiology, and hygiene, have been
of inestimable value to the race. By the information thus acquired
concerning the organs of the body, their functions in the economy of
life, and their proper care and treatment, ills have been removed, dis-
ease brought under control, and life itself greatly prolonged. As a
direct result of this scientific progress, it is claimed that “as large

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 243

a number of persons now live to seventy years as lived to forty three
hundred years ago,” and, in striking confirmation of this, it is a well-
known fact that the British government, in the management of its sys-
tem of annuities, which is based upon the average of life, was, some
years since, in consequence of this prolongation of life, compelled to
revise its calculations. It may be mentioned, in this connection, that
it has been claimed that the single discovery of the anzesthetics is of
greater value to the human race than all the arts, literatures, and
achievements of ancient civilizations. The passing glimpse we have
thus taken of the great practical advantages resulting from scientific
study, while necessarily meagre and imperfect, will sufficiently reveal
the transcendent importance of these researches, and justify us in
claiming for science a prominent, if not first place, in any general sys-
tem of education.

When we contemplate the enormous progress made in scientific dis-
covery during recent centuries, we are led to inquire as to the causes
which have set in motion this great movement, and, not without reason,
we look to our institutions of learning —our universities, colleges, acad-
emies, and seminaries—for the instrumentalities which have inspired
this study of nature, and produced the extraordinary developments of
modern science. When, however, we come to examine the curricula
of these institutions, we find that, with, perhaps, the exception of the
German universities, they have given but little or no aid to scientific
research. Strange as it may seem, it will be disclosed that the remark-
able advances made in scientific research and discovery have been
almost entirely accomplished through individual zeal and enterprise,
and through scientific societies and academies established and main-
tained by private menificence. The great universities of England and
America have devoted their energies mainly to the study of Greek and
Latin, and the other scholastic branches usually included in a classical
course, and have left science to shift for itself. It will further be
found that the example set by these great institutions has reached
down through all the gradations of educational organizations, and in-
fluenced even the course of study in our public schools. I am not
disposed to undervalue a classical education, and readily concede the
worth of these linguistic studies in giving exactness and elegance in the'
use of language. I am free to admit that the clergyman, the physician,
the lawyer, the journalist, and the scholar trained for literary pursuits,
if they do not find them essential, will derive benefit from these classical
studies. I am, however, impressed with the conviction that the English
language, which furnished a sufficient vocabulary for Shakespeare, Addi-
son, Goldsmith, for Lowell, Longfellow, and Bancroft, should be ample
for the graduates of our public schools, and that the study by the pupils
in these schools, of all foreign languages, dead or living, is not only a
sheer waste of time, but a culpable perversion of the system. I therefore
maintain that these branches should be dropped from the curriculum of
the public schools, and that there should be substituted such instruction
at least in anatomy, physiology, hygiene, as will induce correct living,
such skill of hand as will fit its graduates for some industrial calling,
and such knowledge of civics as will secure intelligent citizenship.

244 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

In connection with this subject of scientific education, it will be re-
membered that during the past summer there assembled in this city
the National Convention of the Agassiz Association of America, an
organization mainly composed of pupils from the public schools and
students in college, and having for its principal object the study of the
natural sciences. All who attended the proceedings of this conven-
tion must have been struck with the decorum of its deliberations, and
greatly impressed with the accuracy of their knowledge and the wide
scope of their researches. It was certainly an extraordinary spectacle,
and the fact such a movement had become necessary to accomplish
objects so eminently desirable is, in itself, a most complete and em-
phatic condemnation of the existing systems of education. Who ever
heard of conventions being held to encourage and promote the study
of Latin, or Greek, or grammar, or logic, or rhetoric, or geography, or
history, or any other kindred studies usually found in the curricula of
our educational institutions? It is only left for neglected science to
thus force itself into prominence and place.

This review of the work of the Academy would be incomplete with-
out some reference to the great question of religion as connected with
the researches of science. It has been wisely provided that topics of
a partizan or sectarian character shall not be introduced into the dis-
cussions of the Academy, but inasmuch as no nation nor race has ever
been found on this planet without some form of worship, the anthrop-
ologist must needs accept religion as a scientific fact. It is usual, I
know, to approach these questions with bated breath, and to handle
them with a velvety touch, but I am unable to see why God’s word
should be more sacred than his works, or why His creation is less en-
titled to reverence than His revelation. If these relations have been
unfriendly, it is because of empiricism in science and bigotry in relig-
ion. ‘The severe student of science, it is true, may find that his math-
ematical training will not enable him to unravel the tangle of the
trinity, that his mastery of logic is wholly inadequate to the reconcilia-
tion of foreknowledge, free-will, and predestination, and that his pro-
found study into the wise adaptations and beautiful harmonies of the
created universe disclose no fitting place for the location of that abyss
of eternal fire said to have been provided for intellectual unbelief, and
thus when he tears down these “fine spun ecclesiastical cobwebs,” he
too often makes the mistake to throw away with them all ‘religion, but
he should consider that its essentials still remain, the incentive to good
conduct and correct living, reverence for God’s work and word, and
the expectation of immortal life. On the other hand, when Tyndall
tells of matter so richly endowed as to have in it “the promise and po-
tency of all life,” and when Huxley announces that protoplasm is the
common foundation of all forms of life, and when Darwin seeks to ac-
count for “the origin of species” by his famous hypothesis of evolu-
tion, the ecclesiastic in his fright cries aloud against the scepticism of
science, but he should consider that the beautiful phenomena disclosed
by their researches only add to the unexplained wonders of creation,
and do not touch the mysteries of time and space, of matter and mind,

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 245

of the origin and destiny of man. It thus appears that the scientists
and ecclesiastics are working on parallel lines, toward the solution of
the same problem—the one seeking the true interpretation of God’s
revelation, the other of God’s creation, and while there have been
religious bigots who have burned the Brunos, and persecuted the
Galhleos of science, it is no less true that there are also scientific
“bigots” who, because of some errors of ecclesiasticism, seek to de-
stroy all religion.

In now retiring from this honorable position, I will call attention to
the fact that the wise practice has prevailed in the Academy of observ-
ing the rule of annual rotation in filling the office of President, and I
believe the only departure from this custom since the reorganization of
the institution was at the last election, when, be@ause of the contro-
versy then pending, it was deemed desirable to continue the manage-
ment. The proceedings of this meeting, therefore, will conclude my
second term in the position of President, and I am gratified at being
able to state that, through the energy and zeal of its active members,
the interests of the Academy have been greatly advanced during this
period, and that this society now occupies an enviable position in the
world of science. ‘The high rank it has attained, however, entails upon
its members increased responsibilities, and should inspire them to en-
gage only in genuine scientific work. ‘The standing of the Academy
has now become so conspicuous, and its proceedings so closely watched,
its members cannot afford to relax their efforts, or lower their aim, but
should labor earnestly, honestly, persistently, to retain its advanced
position, and so to realize the high ideals entertained by the founders
of the institution.

The election of officers was next in order, and balloting resulted as
follows: ,
President— CuARLES E. HARRISON.

First Vice-President—J. B. PHELPs.
Second Vice-President— Dr. L. FRENCH.
Recording Secretary — Dr. JENNIE MCCowen.
Corresponding Secretary —CHARLES E. PUTNAM.
Treasurer — NICHOLAS KUHNEN.
Curator —W. H. Prarr.
Librarian —H. A. PItspry.
Trustees — ist, Prof. W. H. Barris; 2d, G. P. MCCLELLAND; 3d,
J. B. PHetps; 4th, C. E. Putnam. To fill vacancy, W. H. Pratt.
Mr. Harrison was then escorted to the chair, and in a few well-chosen
remarks thanked the members for the honor conferred upon him.
A rising vote of thanks was extended to Mr. Putnam for the ability
with which he has guided the affairs of the Academy during the two
years of his incumbency.

240 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

January 28, 7887.— REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Harrison in the chair; thirteen members present.

A letter was read from Prof. O. W. Collett, of St. Louis, stating that
Mr. Henry Shaw, of that city, had recently purchased and presented
to the Missouri State Historical Society the very valuable library of the
late Bishop Robertson; and, on motion, the following resolutions were
unanimously adopted:

WHEREAS, We have learned with great satisfaction of the recent purchase
of the very valuable library of the late Bishop Robertson, and the presentation
thereof, to the Missouri State Historical Society, by Henry Shaw, of that city;
and

WHEREAS, Such generosity and true appreciation of the said society as the
worthy and suitable custodian and owner of such precious documents, and the
recognition of the value of such institutions as conservators of true history and
aids to study and research, seem to us to be of much more than local import-
ance; and

WHEREAS, Such conspicuous and noble examples must tend to attract the
attention of public-spirited individuals everywhere, and to induce those who are
able to contribute of their abundant means to the building up and support of
worthy historical and scientific institutions in their own localities; therefore

Resolved, That we hereby tender our most hearty thanks to Mr. Henry
Shaw for his munificent gift to the Missouri Historical Society, of a collection
of rare books, whose great value will increase with time; and we desire to ex-
press and record our high appreciation of his far-seeing and wise liberality. .

Resolved, That these resolutions be given to the city papers for publication,
and copies of the same be sent to Mr. Shaw and to the Missouri Historical
Society.

The following resolution, offered by Mr. Putnam, was adopted:

Feesolved, That a special committee of three be appointed, to make careful
examination of the Constitution and By-Laws of this Academy, in connection
with the various amendments thereto which have been from time to time
adopted, and to report such modification or revision thereof as may seem essen-
tial or desirable, together with such additional provisions as they may deem
proper to recommend.

The chair appointed as such committee, Messrs. C. E. Putnam, Dr.
C. H. Preston, and J. H. Harrison.

Mr. H. C. Fulton read a paper on “Words,” reciting numerous
curious instances of the adoption and use in English of various Anglo-
Saxon and Latin words and their derivatives.

The President then announced the following committees for the
ensuing year:

Finance.— Nicholas Kuhnen, Charles FE. Putnam, G P. McClelland.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 247

Publication.— Mr# M. L.. D. Putnam, Prof. W. H. Barris, Dr. C. H.
Preston, James Thompson, Dr. C. C. Parry.

Museum.—W. H. Pratt, archeology; W. H. Barris, paleontology ;
W. H. Hatch, icthyology; Jerome McNeil, entomology; H. A. Pilsbry,
conchology; William Riepe, history.

Library.—H. A. Pilsbry, H. C. Fulton, Charles E. Harrison.
January 28, 1887.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eleven Trustees present.

On motion of Mr. Fulton, the services of Mr. Pratt, as Curator, were
retained, at $500 per annum.

Voted, that the Finance Committee be authorized to fund the float-
ing debt of the Academy.
February 23, 1887.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.
President C. E. Harrison in the chair; nine Trustees present.
Mr. W. H. Pratt elected Deputy Treasurer.

The following bills were presented, and ordered paid out of the first
available funds:

(GLASS G2 VESRHINGING den cee oe Be oH On Ban oman Uboae deh ccm ited maeo > oc $9 10
Fup lsvern (CUES a0 n1 Pac, See ne Fe inne, eterna ie arte ocean kote Par mea ae Dic 2 80
Pm RIL CECI GSP ESEO!. a cic + Sere ain hee we aw eae os el was deve ee vive ie 22 Dalal

February 25, 1887.— REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Harrison in the chair; nine members present.

The following persons were elected to regular membership: Messrs.
F. E. Pomeroy, John N. Greer, W. C. Preston, Henry Vollmer, Joseph
Allen, H. W. Techentin, J. W. Bollinger. The following correspond-
ing members were elected: Miss Olive E. Coffeen, Minneapolis, Kan-
sas, and George P. Hoerring, Iowa City, Lowa.

The committee on the revision of the Constitution and By-Laws re-
ported as follows:

To THE DAVENPORT’ ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES:

The undersigned, appointed a special committee to revise the By-
Laws of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, in the perform-
ance of the duty assigned them, have thought it best to also include
some unimportant verbal modifications in that part of the Constitution
not iricluded in the Articles of Incorporation; and which said revision
of the By-Laws and Constitution, as prepared by your committee, is
herewith annexed. Cuas. E. Putnam.

C,H. PRESTON,
J. H. Harrison.

248 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

CONSTITUTION

7
OF THE

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

(The following Constitution includes the substance of the Articles of Incor-
»oration adopted January 9th, 1875, and amendments thereto adopted January
I aoe I d y9 ifs Pp! ‘
2d, 1570):

ARTICLE I.—NAME AND OBJECT.

Section 1. This society shall be known as THE DAvENPORT ACAD-
EMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, and shall have for its objects the increase
and diffusion of a knowledge of natural sciences, by the establishment
of a museum, the reading and publication of original papers, and other

suitable means.
ArtictE I].— MEMBERS.

Section r. This society shall consist of regular, honorary, and cor-
responding members, who shall be elected in such manner as the By-
Laws may prescribe.

Section 2. The right of voting and holding office shall be confined
to regular members, but honorary and corresponding members shall
be entitled to all other privileges.

ArticLte II].— OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES.

Section 1. The officers of the Academy shall consist of a President,
two Vice- Presidents, Corresponding Secretary, Recording Secretary,
Treasurer, Librarian, and Curator.

Section 2. The President, Recording Secretary, and ‘Treasurer,
with twelve (12) other members, all of whom must be residents of
Scott County, Iowa, shall form a Board of Trustees for the manage-
ment of the business of the Academy and to conduct its proceedings,
and a majority of such members shall constitute a quorum for the
transaction of business.

Section 3. The officers and four members of the Board of Trustees,
to serve three years, shall be elected by ballot, at the annual meeting
on the first Wednesday of January in each year, and must receive a
majority of the votes cast—only one officer or trustee being elected
at each balloting. In case of a vacancy, caused by the death or resig-
nation of any officer or Trustee, an election shall be held to fill the
same, at the next meeting after the announcement thereof is made.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 249

ArTICLE IV.—ACQUISITION AND MANAGEMENT
OF PROPERTY.

Section z. ‘The Academy may receive, hold, and manage all prop-
erty acquired by gift or purchase, necessary or proper to promote
its objects.

Section 2. No contract for the purchase of real estate shall be
entered into, nor shall any improvements thereon be made, nor shall
such property of the society be sold, except in accordance with the
affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the society, present at
a special or business meeting held after due notice given, specifying the

objects thereof. ;
ARTICLE V.— BY-LAWS.

Section z. The Board of Trustees, subject to the approval of the
society, shall have the power to make all needful By-Laws, Rules and
Regulations for the purpose of carrying out the objects of the society
and conducting its affairs, and not inconsistent with the Constitution
and Articles of Incorporation.

ArtTIcLE VI.— JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS.

Section z. A Journal of the Proceedings, By-Laws, Rules, and Reg-
ulations, and an account of all receipts and disbursements, shall be
kept by the Secretary and Treasurer for the inspection, at all times, of
the members of the society.

Section 2. At the annual meeting, the Board of ‘Trustees shall make
a written report of the proceedings, which report shall embrace a full
statement of the business affairs of the society.

ArticLE VII.—AMENDMENTS.

Section 1. The provisions of the Articles of Incorporation, as pro-
vided therein, may be amended at any regular meeting of the Acad-
emy by a vote of two-thirds of the members present; provided, the
proposed amendments have been presented to the Board of <Trustees,
in writing, at least one month prior thereto, and notice thereof pub-
lished in some newspaper in the city of Davenport, stating the sub-
stance of the proposed amendments. The Board of Trustees shall
present to the Academy any amendment thus offered, with a report
on the question of its adoption, and with such modifications as they
may see fit to recommend.

Section 2. The provisions of the Constitution, not embraced in the
Articles of Incorporation, may be amended at any meeting of the

[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol V.] 32 [September 20, 1889. ]

250 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES,

society by a vote of two-thirds of the members present, but the pro-
posed amendments must have been presented to the Board of Trus-
tees, in writing, at least one month before the day of meeting. ‘The
Board shall present to the Academy any amendment thus offered, with
a report on the question of its adoption, and with such modifications
as they may see fit to recommend; but no additions or amendments
to the Constitution inconsistent with the Articles of Incorporation
shall be made, except as herein before provided for amendments
thereto.

BY-LAWS.
(As revised and adopted March 25th, 1887.)

Arnicis |—=DUTIES OF OFRICERS

Section 1. The President, or in his absence or inability to serve,
one of the Vice-Presidents, in their order, shall preside over the meet-
ings of the Academy and Board of Trustees; shall nominate all com-
mittees other than those specially excepted, and call such special
meetings as he may deem necessary, or as he may be requested to call
by the members. He shall, at the annual meetings, make a report on
the condition and progress of the Academy, in all its departments.

Section 2. The Corresponding Secretary shall conduct and pre-
serve the correspondence of the Academy; keep correct copies of all
letters written on the business of the Academy; acknowledge the re-
ceipt of all donations from persons who are not regular members of
the Academy ; notify all corresponding and honorary members of their
election, and keep a correct list of all such members, with the date of
their election, and resignation or death.

Section 3. The Recording Secretary shall take and preserve cor-
rect minutes of the proceedings of the Academy and Board of Trus-
tees in books to be kept for that purpose; shall have charge of all
records Delonging to the Academy; shall notify regular members of
their election and committees of their appointment; shall keep a cor-
rect list of the members of the Academy, with the date of their election,
and resignation or death; and shall notify regular members of all
meetings and officers of all matters which shall occur at any meeting
requiring their action.

Section 4. ‘The Treasurer shall attend to all receipts and disburse-
ments of the Academy, giving such bonds as the Board of Trustees
may require, and shall make a general report, to be laid before the

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 251

Academy at the annual meeting, and at other times when called for
by the Board, and furnish proper vouchers for such payments.

Section 5. The Librarian shall take charge of all books belonging
to or deposited with the Academy; keep a catalogue of the library, in
which the names of the donors shall be inscribed, with the dates of re-
ception, and shall observe and enforce such regulations as the Board
shall from time to time make for the use of the books.

Section 6. ‘The Curator shall have charge of the museum and scien-
tific collections of the Academy, assisted by such committees as may
be appointed by the Academy. He shall superintend the exchange of
duplicates, keep a record of all donations made to the museum, and
report all additions at the annual meeting.

Section 7. The officers shall be elected by ballot, at the annual
meeting, and must receive a majority of the votes cast—only one
officer being elected at each balloting.

Section 8. In case of vacancy, caused by the death or resignation
of any officer, the fact shall be announced to the Academy by the
President at the next regular meeting thereafter, and an election to
fill the vacancy shall be had at the next regular meeting after such an-
nouncement shall have been made.

Section g. The Board of Trustees shall have control of all expen-
ditures of money, make rules for the use of the library and museum,
special rules for the Librarian and Curator, and shall have full power te
act for the interests of the society, in any way not inconsistent with the
Constitution and By-Laws.

ARTICLE IJ.— MEMBERS.

Section +. Regular members shall be elected in the manner herein-
after prescribed, and shall pay an initiation fee of five dollars ($5.00).
Candidates for regular membership must be recommended, in writing,
by two reputable members, from personal acquaintance with applicant.
and shall be proposed at a regular meeting, and balloted for at a sub-
sequent regular meeting. All applications for regular membership must
be in writing, subscribed by applicant and accompanied by the required
initiation fee.

The business of the Academy shall be exclusively managed by, and
its officers elected from the regular members; but no member shall be
elected to office within the period of one year after his election to
membership, nor thereafter if delinquent in the payment of his dues, or
the performance of his duties as a member; nor shall a member be

252 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

allowed to vote within one year after his election, at the annual meeting
for the election of officers and Trustees.

Section 2. Any regular member may, at any time after his election,
become a Life Member by paying into the treasury of the Academy
the sum of one hundred dollars ($100.00), and notifying the Recording
Secretary that he desires to be enrolled as a life member.

‘Section 3. Any persons who may be interested in the study of nat-
ural science, or desirous of promoting the interests of the Academy,
may be elected as corresponding members, and shall have all the priv-
ileges of regular membership except those of voting and holding office.
Corresponding members shall be elected in the same manner as regu-
lar members, and may become regular members by notifying the Re-
cording Secretary that such is their desire, and paying the initiation fee.

Section g. Honorary members shall be selected from persons emi-
nent for their attainments in science on whom the society may wish to
confer a compliment of respect, and shall have all the privileges of
regular members except those of voting and holding office. They shall
not exceed forty (40) in number, not to exceed twenty (20) of whom
shall be residents and citizens of the United States. . Honorary mem-
bers shall be elected only at the annual meeting.

Section 5. All members shall be elected by separate ballot and
must receive the affirmative vote of at least four-fifths of the members
present. Any rejected candidate shall have his initiation fee returned,
and shall not be eligible for membership within one year after such re-
jection.

Any member in good standing may withdraw from the Academy by
giving written notice of his intention to do so, and paying all arrear-
ages due from him. Any member who shall neglect to pay his annual
fee within one year after it becomes due, shall, upon being notified by
the Treasurer, personally or by notice mailed to his last known address,
and not paying within one month thereafter, forfeit membership; and
any member who is thus delinquent shall not be entitled to vote at the
annual or other meetings.

Members may be expelled from the Academy for cause, after a due
hearing, by a vote of not less than two-thirds of the members present
at any regular meeting.

Every regular member shall be subject to an annual fee of three dol-

lars ($3.00), commencing on the first of January next following his
election, and payable to the Treasurer, in advance.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 253

The Board of Trustees may exempt a member from payment of fees
when, from peculiar circumstances, they shall deem it for the interests
of the Academy to do so.

ARTICLE IIJ.— COMMITTEES.

Section 1. The Standing Committees shall consist of an Executive
Committee, and Committees on Finance, on the Museum, on the Li-
brary, and on Publication. The President shall appoint all the stand-
ing committees, with the exception of the Executive Committee, at the
annual meeting or the first regular meeting thereafter.

Section 2. The Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees shall
consist of five members; and the President, Curator, Librarian, Re-
cording Secretary, and Treasurer shall, ex-officio, constitute the same.
This committee, under the direction of the Board, shall be empowered
to provide fuel and other needed supplies, to order necessary repairs,
to direct as to all ordinary matters of daily routine, and to exercise
general supervision over the property and affairs of the Academy.
The Executive Committee shall keep a record of their doings and ex-
penditures, which shall be submitted to the Board of Trustees for re-
view and confirmation.

Section 3. The Committee on Finance shall consist of three mem-
bers, and it shall be their duty to take into consideration all subjects
directly connected with the financial interests of the Academy; to rec-
ommend from time to time such action as may seem advisable for
raising necessary funds for regular or extraordinary expenses, and at
each annual meeting to present an estimate of the funds required for
the ensuing year, with suggestions in reference to the best possible
means of securing the same. ‘The Treasurer shall be, ex-officio, a con-
sulting member of this committee, and attend its meetings, but shall
not be entitled to a vote therein.

Section 4. ‘The Committee on Publication shall consist of five
members, and shall from time to time cause to be published, and sup-
erintend the publication of, such papers read before the society, and
such portions of the records of proceedings as may seem to them
calculated to promote the interests of science, so far as the funds ap-
propriated by the Board will permit.

Section 5. The Museum Committee shall consist of one member
from each department of the museum, who shall assist the Curator in
taking charge of and arranging all donations and deposits in their sev-
eral departments, and shall carefully label each article.

254 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Section 6. The Library Committee shall consist of three members,
who shall have charge of all books belonging to or deposited with the
Academy, and shall have power to make such exchanges of duplicates
as may appear desirable.

Section 7. All committees must report in writing, and every report
must be signed by a majority of the committee offering it. All special
committees must report at the regular meeting next succeeding their
appointment.

The President shall be, ex-officio, a consulting member of all standing
committees, and authorized to be present at their meetings, but shall
not be entitled to a vote.

ARTICLE IV.— MUSEUM AND LIBRARY.

Section z. All members, and the public generally, shall have access
to the museum at such times and under such regulations as the Board
shall determine.

Section 2. No specimens shall be removed from the museum with-
out leave of the Curator and committee of the department to which *
they belong, who shall take a receipt for the same and be responsible
for their return in good order.

Section 3. The Rules and Regulations for the use of the library
shall be printed and exposed in the library rooms.

Section g. None but members of the Academy shall be entitled to
the use of the library; but the Librarian may, at his discretion, permit
persons not members to consult the books at the rooms of the asso-
ciation.

Section 5. Books on deposit shall not be taken from the Academy
rooms without the consent of the owner, and periodical and new pub-
lications shall remain on the tables for one month after their reception.

Section 6. The Librarian or Curator may allow members to draw
books from the library for the purpose of study, or in the preparation
of papers, and when books are so drawn, the Librarian or the Curator
shall record in a book for the purpose, the title of the volume, name of
drawer, and date of drawing, and, on its return, the date of return. ,

Section 7. Books shall not be kept out longer than one calendar
month at a time, and may be called in sooner by the Librarian.

Section &. No person shall retain more than two volumes at any
one time, and books returned shall not be redrawn by the same person
before three days after their return.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 255

Section 9. Holders of books keeping them out longer than one
month at a time, or three days after notification to return by the Libra-
rian, shall be liable to a fine of five cents a day for each volume so
retained.

Section zo. If a book shall be lost, destroyed, or injured, further
than by reasonable wear, the drawer shall be liable for the damages to
the volume or set, as assessed by the Board of Trustees.

ARTICLE V.— MEETINGS.

Section z. The Annual Meeting shall be held on the first Wednes-
day in January, at which time the election of officers for the ensuing
year shall take place, and the reports of the retiring officers shall be
heard.

Section 2. The regular meetings of the Academy shall be held on
the last Friday of each month. Six members shall constitute a quorum.

Section 3. Special meetings may be called by the President when-
ever he may deem it necessary, or at the request of any three members,
in writing. Field meetings and excursions may be held at such time
and place as the Academy may direct.

Section 4.—The Board of Trustees shall meet on the first Friday in
January, April, July, and October in each year, and at such other times
as they may be called by the President, or any two members of the
Board. Eight members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction
of business.

Section 5. The Order of Business at regular meetings of the Acad-
emy shall be as follows:

Reading of Minutes of Last Meeting.
Reports of Officers. -

Reports of Committees.

Donations to Museum and Library.

Deferred Business, Election of Members, etc.
New Business, Proposals for Membership, etc.
Written Communications.

Verbal Communications.

Adjournment.

2 OI ANRY Yo

Articin VI-—SPECIAL PROVISIONS:

Section z. In such points of order as are not determined in these
By-Laws, the Academy shall be governed by the established usages of

256 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

similar institutions; and upon all questions of parliamentary usage, the
Manual of Rules of Order, by Lieut.-Col. Henry M. Roberts shall be
the standard authority.

Section 2. In case of the dissolution of the Academy, a meeting of
the regular members shall be called, to decide on the disposition which
shall be made of its property.

Section 3. No compensation shall be paid to any person whatever,
and no expense incurred unless authorized by the Board of Trustees.

Section 4. The By-Laws of the Academy may be altered or amended
at any regular meeting, by a two-thirds vote, provided that the propo-
sition for such amendment shall have been presented at a previous
regular meeting.

ARTICLE JV SHC LIONS

Section 1. Sections of the Academy holding separate meetings may
be formed on the written application of five members, by consent of
the Trustees.

Section 2. The requirements of membership shall be:

1. Membership in the Academy.

2. Written nomination by two members at a regular meeting of the
Section.

3. Election by a three-fourths vote of the members present at a
subsequent meeting.

Section 3. Notice of such proceedings as may be deemed of suffi-
cient interest shall be given by the Secretary at the next regular meet-
ing of the Academy.

Section 4. Sections shall have the exclusive right to make additional
regulations for perfecting their organization, subject to the approval of
the Trustees.

ArtTICcLE VIII.— ENDOWMENT FUND.

Section 1. There shall be established a fund to be known and des-
ignated as the Endowment Fund, and all money paid into the treasury
for life memberships, and all money received from any other source
and set apart for that especial purpose, shall constitute a permanent
fund, of which the interest only shall be expended.

Section 2. ‘The money so put into the treasury from time to time,
shall be invested by the Finance Committee, under the direction of the
Board of Trustees.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 257

ARTICLE [X.— PUBLICATIONS.

Section r. The regular publications of the Academy shall consist
of Proceedings in octavo, and Memoirs in quarto. The Proceedings
shall contain such original papers presented to the Academy and ac-
cepted by the Publication Committee as may be conveniently published
in octavo form, together with such extracts from the records of the
Academy as the Publication Committee may consider of sufficient
interest to print. The Memoirs shall contain such papers as, on ac-
count of their size and illustrations, can best be published in quarto
form.

Section 2. The Publication Committee shall fix the price upon the
various publications of the Academy at which they shall be sold to
members and the general public.

Section 3. ‘There shall be established a permanent Publication Fund,
the principal of which shall be invested in safe interest-bearing securi-
ties, and the interest only used. Any person contributing not less than
fifty dollars ($50.00) to this fund shall be entitled to a!l volumes of the
Proceedings issued thereafter during his life; and any person contrib-
uting not less than one hundred dollars ($100.00) shall be entitled to
all publications of the Academy issued thereafter during his life.

March 11, 71887.—ADJOURNED MEETING.
President C. E. Harrison in the chair.

The subject for discussion was “Clouds—How Sustained in the
Atmosphere.” ‘The subject was considered in detail, and the phenom-
ena relating to storms in general was discussed.

March 25, 1887.—REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Harrison in the chair; nine members present.

Librarian reported one hundred seventy-eight additions to the library,
including Volumes XV. and XX. of the Tenth Census Report, and two
volumes of the scientific writings of Prof. Joseph Henry, former Secre-
tary of the Smithsonian Institution.

Curator reported a number of additions to the museum, including a
donation from Rev. J. D. King, of Fall River, Massachusetts, consist-
ing of archeological relics, stone implements, shells of species now
extinct, etc.

A communication was received from “S¢zence,” inviting the Daven-
port Academy to contribute to the ethnological department of that
journal, notes of such work done by its members as would further the

[Proc. D. A. N.8., Vol V.] B33 {September 23, 1889. ]

258 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

growing interest felt in ethnology, the editor desiring to make a full
monthly sammary of work of scientific value done in this country.

On motion of Mr. Thompson, the invitation was accepted.

A communication was received from Mr. C. E. Patnam, resigning
his position as Corresponding Secretary. The resignation was accepted,
to take effect at the next regular meeting; and, on motion of Mr.
Thompson, the following resolution was unanimously adopted :

Resolved, That in accepting the resignation of Mr. C. E. Putnam, as Cor-
responding Secretary, we desire to express our regret at the necessity which
impels him to withdrawal; and our high appreciation of the valuable services
he has rendered in his official relations with the Academy hitherto.

A paper from Prof. F. Starr, of Cedar Rapids, entitled “Bibliography
of Iowa Antiquities,” was received, and referred to the Publication
Committee.

The report of the Committee on Revision of the Constitution and
By-Laws was, on motion, taken up and read; the revised Constitution

and By-Laws were considered, section by section, and, on motion,
adopted.
April 15, 1887.—ADJOURNED MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eleven members present.

Mr. George H. French stated the object of the meeting to be the
consideration and reply to a circular sent out by the Bureau of Agri-
culture, in regard to sparrows. It had been sent him by Prof. Barrows,
Assistant Ornithologist in the Department, but he preferred, instead of
personally responding to it, to bring the matter before the Academy of
Sciences for consideration.

The questions propounded in the circular were considered seriatim,
and the discussion was participated in by most of those present.

On motion, the Curator was instructed to fill out answers to the
questions of the circular, giving the general drift of sentiment in this
community in regard to the subject.

April 29, 1887.— REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Harrison in the chair; sixteen members present.

Librarian reported two hundred nineteen additions to the library
during the month.

Curator reported a large number of donations to the museum.

Dr. C. H. Preston was nominated to fill the vacancy caused by the
resignation of Mr. C. E. Putnam as Corresponding Secretary, and was
elected by acclamation,

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 259

A communication was read from the ornithologist of the United
States Department of Agriculture, Division of Ornithology, thanking
the Curator for valuable information contained in his letter, and in the
schedule filled out in regard to the English sparrow. He also expressed
a desire to receive any further notes from time to time, which the’
Academy might collect upon the subject.

The Executive Committee reported that they had considered a prop-
osition from Prof. F. Starr, professor of geology and biology in Coe
College, Cedar Rapids, and one of our corresponding members, in re-
gard to observations on the thunder-storms in Iowa. ‘The Professor
desired to prepare a-report for Iowa, and would prefer that it should
be done under the auspices of the Academy. As an immediate reply
was necessary, the Executive Committee, at a meeting held April 18th,
had accepted the proposal and promised the cooperation of the Acad-
emy. The correspondence with the Professor was read and the ac-
tion of the committee approved.

Dr. Barris then introduced the subject of “Local Geology,” basing
his remarks on a pamphlet by Mr. A. 5. Tiffany, which was filled chiefly
with personalities and misrepresentations. Dr. Barris read from stand-
ard authorities at hand, showing the inaccuracies of various statements
purporting to be scientific, and dwelt upon the fact that personalities
were not legitimate criticisms of scientific productions.

The Doctor was asked to reduce his remarks to writing.

May 13, 1887.— ADJOURNED MEETING.
President C. E. Harrison in the chair; four members present.

Subject for discussion, “Thunderstorms.” ‘The meeting was entirely
informal, and all members participated in the discussion.

May 27, 1887.— REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Harrison in the chair; six members present.
Librarian reported two hundred one additions to the library during
the month.
Curator reported that the museum had received remarkable and ex-

tensive additions during the month, among which were six barrels, one
keg, and seven large boxes of pottery and other relics from Arkansas,
collected by Capt. Hall.

Mr. Pratt exhibited the thunder-storm blanks prepared for the use of
observers, and reported progress as to this work.

Mr. Carl L. Suksdorf, principal of the German public school, and
Mr. B. F. Thomas, editor of the Morning Sun Herald, were elected to

¢

260 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

regular membership; Mr. L. G. Mason, Oregon, Illinois, was elected
corresponding member.

A paper by Mr. R. Ellsworth Call was presented, entitled “Memo-
randa on a Collection of Fishes from the Ozark Region of Missouri.”
On motion, it was referred to the Publication Committee.

On motion, adjourned to the Academy grounds to view through the
telescope, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, and the new moon, all of which were
in excellent position.

June 24, 1887.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eight members present.

Librarian reported one hundred twenty-nine additions to the library
during the month.

Curator reported large donations to the museum. A number of the
most noticeable pieces of pottery of the late collection sent by Capt.
Hall, and eleven crania, were exhibited.

A communication was read from Prof. Starr showing the thunder-
storm work well in hand, with sixty present and eighty prospective

observers, the only expense to the Academy being the printing of
blanks, etc.

A communication was read from Clark Bell, Esq., President of the
New York Medico-Legal Society, offering to send the Quarterly Journal
of that society in exchange for the Proceedings of the Academy.

A paper was read from Prof. Starr containing an account of the ex-
ploration of four mounds in Floyd county, Iowa, under his immediate
supervision. Referred, on motion, to Publication Committee.

Mr. Pratt gave an account of a large number of stone circles, similar
to those described by Prof. Starr, inspected by him in Dakota, in
localities where no trace of mounds or evidence of human presence,
near or remote in time, was discernible.

Some interesting excerpts were read from a paper on “Fresh Water
Animals,” by Prof. Marshall, of the Manchester (Eng.) Microscopical
Society, reciting a series of experimer.ts carried on for the space of
three years, which went to show that the differences between several
distinct species of marine animals depend simply on the percentage of
salt in the water in which they live. ‘They were changed under the
eye of the observer back and forth at will, by gradually adding fresh
water to the tanks in which they are kept.

Prof. Pratt then brought up for discussion the subject of the “Spectra
of Heated Iron.” ;

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 261

July 21, 1887.—SPECIAL MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; thirteen members and several
visitors present.

Mr. Harrison stated the object of the meeting to be to take action
on the loss which the Academy has sustained in the sudden death of
the honored Ex-President, Mr. C. E. Putnam, which it was his painful
duty to announce.

On motion, it was voted to meet at the Academy at 2:30 Pp. M., and
attend the funeral services at the Presbyterian Church in a body.

The Secretary was instructed to make such announcement to mem-
bers through the press and to send postal cards to the absent trustees.

On motion, the following committee was appointed to draft suitable
resolutions, viz.: H. C. Fulton, J. H. Harrison, and Dr. McCowen.
Committee was instructed to furnish a copy to the press, and to send
one to the family.

A motion prevailed that the Academy be closed for thirty days out
of respect to the memory of our late Ex-President, Mr. C. E. Putnam.

August 26, 1887.—REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eleven members present.

—,

The committee on resolutions relating to the death of Mr. C. E.

Putnam reported the following resolutions, which were unanimously
adopted:

WHEREAS, It has pleased the all-wise Creator of the Universe to remove by
death our beloved and valued associate, adviser and friend, Charles E. Putnam,
a benefactor of this Academy from its beginning, and late its honored Presi-
dent; therefore,

Resolved, That individually and collectively we, the members of the Daven-
port Academy of Natural Sciences, deeply feel the loss which has so heavily
fallen upon us, as well as upon this entire community with which he has for so
many years been prominently and honorably identified.

Resolved, That remembering his uniform and untiring efforts in behalf of
this Academy, as well as in the interests of science in general, we will ever re-
vere his memory and lovingly associate his name with those of Sheldon, Far-
quharson, and of his own gifted and lamented son, J. Duncan Putnam, who,
having also served this Academy in its highest official station, have rested from
their labors.

Pesolved, That we extend to the bereaved widow and children, the tenderest
and truest sympathy.

Resolved, That these expressions be spread upon the records of the Academy.

Signed, H. C. FULTON.
JENNIE McCowen.
J. H. Harrison.

262 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

After appropriate remarks by several of the members present, the
regular order of business was taken up.

The Librarian reported three hundred five additions to the library
since June.

The Curator reported large donations to the museum, of shells, fos-
sils and curiosities of various kinds, and some of great scientific interest.

Mr. Pilsbry presented fifty mounted and labeled microscopic slides,
showing the anatomy of the mollusk. Also, several hundred fishes of
local species, being part of a collection which he, in connection with
J. E. Elliott, of Rock Island, is making for the Academy.

The Publication Committee, through Dr. Preston, reported Volume

V. well on the way, one-fourth of the matter being already in the hands
of the printer, and enough to complete the volume waiting to be edited.

Two corresponding members were elected: Rev. Thomas L. Young
and L. A. Cox.

A communication was read from Dr. Githins, Hamilton, Illinois, de-
scribing a worm-like creature thrown up by an artesian well at the
Sanitarium at that place.

Edison’s “Pyro-magnetic Generator” was then discussed. Mr. Pratt
gave an account of the experiments leading up to this new discovery,
and of the apparatus used. Much interest was manifested in the re-
sults which may be expected to result from this discovery.

The Academy then adjourned to examine Mr. Pilsbry’s microscop-
ical slides.

October 7, 1887.— ADJOURNED MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; nine members present.
Librarian reported one hundred sixty-seven additions to the library.
Curator reported large number of donations to the museum.

The committee appointed to nominate a successor to the late Charles
E. Putnam, as Trustee, reported the name of Mr. W. C. Putnam, who
was unanimously elected.

A communication was read from the Humboldt Science Club, about
to adjourn indefinitely owing to the departure from the city of a major-
ity of its members, thanking the Academy for the use of the rooms, and
for kindness and past favors. On motion of Dr. Preston, the vote of
thanks was accepted and ordered to be recorded.

Lavinius W. Petersen, Jr., was elected to regular membership.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 263

The death of Walker Adams was reported to the Academy, and a
committee was appointed to draw up suitable resolutions.

October 28, 1887.—REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; nine members present.
Librarian reported one hundred thirty-five additions to the library.

Curator reported receipt of another box from Capt. Hall, containing
one hundred thirty-one flint and stone implements and a few fossils,

A communication was read from Dr. Max Uhle, of Dresden, ac-
knowledging the receipt of photographs sent him, and congratulating the
Academy on the fact (which he had learned from scientific sources out-
side the Academy) that the opposition to the genuineness of the Acad-
emy relics had been, for the most part, abandoned.

W. H. Pratt, James Thompson, and Dr. McCowen, the committee on
resolutions in regard to the death of Mr. Walker Adams, a life member
of the Academy, reported the following resolutions, which were unani-
mously adopted:

WHEREAS, In view of the sad event which has recently stricken from the
list of life members the name of Walker Adams,

feesolved, That in his departure from the scenes of busy life, the Academy
sincerely mourns the loss of one of its life members and benefactors; and

Resolved, ‘That we deeply sympathize with his family and friends in their
great loss; and

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be spread upon the records of the
Academy.

December 2, 1887.— ADJOURNED MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; fourteen members present.

Librarian reported one hundred seventy-five additions to the library
within the month.

?

Final report of Prof. Starr on “Thunderstorms in Iowa,” was pre-
sented and on motion referred to the Publication Committee.

On motion, a committee consisting of Prof. Pratt, Dr. Preston, and
H. C. Fulton, was appointed to formulate a plan for continuing the
Thunderstorm reports.

It was reported that Prof. Starr’s interesting and instructive costume
lecture on the “Indians of Iowa” was given at the Presbyterian church
under the auspices of the Academy, according to announcement.

A circular communication was received from the New York Acad-

emy of Science, asking cooperation in placing a monument over the
grave of Audubon.

264 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

December 16, 1887.— ADJOURNED MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; ten members present.

A paper by Mr. Charles R. Keyes, of Burlington, “An Annotated
List of the Birds of Iowa,” was read by utle, and on motion referred to
the Publication Committee.

Dr. Allen then gave an address on the “Vertebral System in Man

)

and Animals,” which was listened to with great interest.

On motion, a vote of thanks was tendered to Dr. Allen.

A box from Mr. George F. Daniels, of Oxford, Massachusetts, was
then opened, and found to contain a large collection of ancient imple-
ments, household utensils, old china, etc.

January 4, 1888.—ANNUAL MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; twenty-three members present.

The reports of the officers were presented, as follows:

RECORDING SECRETARY’S REPORT.—Asstract.

Seventeen meetings have been held during the year, with an average
attendance of fifteen. Seven regular and five corresponding members
have been elected, making a total gain of twelve during the year Three
life members, one regular member, and one corresponding member has
died, making a total loss of five. Present membership—tlife members,
77; regular members, 120.

Papers of scientific value read before the Academy: “Bibliography
of Iowa Antiquities;” “Report on Thunder-Storms of Iowa;” “Fishes
of the Ozark Mountains;” “Annotated List of the Birds of Iowa;”
“Anglo-Saxon and Latin Words.”

Subjects of more or less general interest discussed: “Clouds, How
Sustained in the Atmosphere;” “Theories of Thunder and Lightning ;”
“The Stone Circles on Dakota Plains;” English Sparrows;” “Theory
of Color; "Changes in Animal Life Caused by Salt or Fresh Water;”
“Edison’s Pyro-Magnetic Generator.”

Lectures: “The Vertebral System in Man and Animals;” and a cos-
tume lecture under the auspices of the Academy, “The Indians of Iowa.”

Other societies holding meetings in the Academy building: Scott
County Medical Society; Iowa and Illinois District Medical Society ;
Scott County Horticultural Society; Davenport Pharmaceutical Asso-
ciation; and two chapters of the Agassiz Association.

Number of visitors during the year, about two thousand.

Jennie McCowen, M. D., Recording Secretary.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 205

LIBRARIAN’S REPORT.—ABSTRACT.

The total number of additions to the library registered during the
past year, exclusive of city papers, is 2,025. These comprise the trans-
actions and reports of about one hundred scientific and historical so-
cieties in the United States and Canada, and one hundred and fifty
foreign societies; the United States government publications, scientific,
historical, and statistical, of eighteen of the several departments at
Washington, received regularly; the geological survey reports of four-
teen states, and the agricultural, historical, statistical, health, and other
publications of nearly all the states, and a large number of miscellan-
eous scientific works. Of periodicals received regularly, there are eleven
weeklies, one semi-monthly, seventeen monthlies, one bi-monthly, and
four quarterlies. Of many of these we have complete files.

The library now contains — bound volumes, 1,730; unbound vol-
umes and pamphlets, 4,600; miscellaneous scientific papers, 775.

A reading table is kept furnished with the publications recently re-
ceived, which, as well as those on the shelves, are consulted during the
open hours of the Academy almost every day; and citizens @f nearly
every nationality can find here valuable scientific works printed in
their own native tongues.

The especial needs of the library are: a considerable increase of
shelf-room; the binding of several hundred volumes; a lot of pamphlet
cases; the completion of a subject catalogue, which is begun, and a
fund for the purchase of such important works as are especially needed
and cannot be obtained (as almost the whole library is, and always has
been) by exchange for our “Proceedings.” As the Academy is in no
way a money-making institution, it is to be hoped that some public-
spirited citizens will aid in providing for its needs.

Harry A. Pitsspry, Librarian.

TREASURER’S REPORT.

The Treasurer’s report was presented by W. H. Pratt, Deputy Treas-
urer, as follows:

GENERAL FUND. ‘
Receipts.
Wmount from former Mreasurer ...2....cssc-0----222 4-8) 19) 34
J MAE CES E Orr ike syinee et Oc poses Spar ahisiaode seb abc act 270 OO
te a Gt th ito coi en SIR ea RR Ee DOERR ad Moe hacer: 2,60
. CO > Glade Se Bale ins bcloomidgen Sac accine seco soe: ace 51 oO
Ce ISUDSCU POSH Oneloo 1-1 scgmrl en crin Sa ene 423 00
Membership fees (Seven new members)......--.--------. 35 00
CWomtributionss sass secre a cle suse oe ee ace eerie Se 28 OI
Interest-on Endowment Mund! ye...) o- - e res eee 89 55
c ey Miomndebiim dae 1 ey ate aja yale haat ae 55
u SEB teMPOLAGLyOCDOS Gre. cts = alt=) ts uel eit 76
BOmdUSe Of FOOM Seat aoe okies Ss 54g / ho eciee see ia aa) LE 150
Borrowedsat) National Banks. .ci-)- a-<. 32a eas ee eae 650 00
Mrs. Newcomib’s'share of sewer billl-:= 3) 0-2. eet eeee II 20
Protas tanks lEGturens ste ont sa cians ies ols ais sorte ores eiatae 13 05—$1,606 96

[Proc. D. A. N.8., Vol. V.] 34 [September 25, 1889. ]

2606 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Expenditures.

Wimount sel Weutaton £0. ps.) sie. Danke ceo eee at are 2 eae $451 66

s SM ARITEOT ele. ks pete os aoe lonels «eer ae Lee ae 60
1 ot 2) Os ea a td hn Oe ery 225870 7 5b. 7 50 25
Gas oh. ve eat loa CR fe eee Pee gee peer 24 75
WHET 5.0 oe rte Nene eerie, o/s odo et 2 hae ee 16
Express and freight. . wb ie 212 tie av ages rade Bees oe
Postage, supplies, and incidentals......... ogy Se ph are ape Oma
Prof’ Starts lecture. .0 0... 202s. «ao 10 75
Subscripllon: tos Scwence te. re, eee orto nies Ss ore ee 5 00
Oldvnotestaken “ip .t) ce oe teehee tasiciniee sees ere ees 250 00
Old bills and accounts paid, per vouchers................ 398 09
PAIgG OnE W NOL! sate 2 eos oe be ont ene 200 00

Balance on hand) <7 o'2 cvawacdke twit ee eee Cee 7 46—$1,606 96

ENDOWMENT FUND.
Ioaned on Morteace, ateicht percent. ..45-- -\ see $1,000 00
Deposit in Scott County Savings Bank at five percent... 191 77—$1,191 77
SPECIAL MOUND FUND. }
Deposit in Scott County Savings: Bank, «<< 2.0 o.2 2. 2 oe 2a ee ee
. PRESENT INDEBTEDNESS.

Note to Mrs. Newcomb, Hie cited glee MAE Oliolge, we 546 85h 64 te $320 00
Note to Davenport National Bank, at seven per cent...... 450 00
Balance'due Curators. /4.000 iG f 52a Se cle ee ee a
Unpaid. billsie 568 sire sie 2 tees ore eles disjs ties abe Ape OO ena

Thus it will be seen that the balance of accruing interest is $33.00 per annum
in favor of the Academy.

Probable collectible dues, $36.00.
The total current expenses for 1887 were $795.15.

NICHOLAS KUHNEN, 7veasurer.
CURATORS REPORT:

In the Museum department, the accessions during the past year
comprise the following: About three hundred vessels of ancient
mound pottery; two hundred flint and stone implements; eleven
human crania, from mounds; one carved stone Indian pipe; two
hundred and thirty-five old-time relics from New England; an old
electrical machine; twenty-five species of fossils; several hundred .
species of recent shells.

No additional cabinet cases have been supplied, and the need of
them is extremely pressing. By the addition of four cases of the usual
form, the alcove arrangement of the west room of the basement could
be completed, and the whole room made available as a part of the
museum; and some reasonable hope is entertained that this will soon
be done.

The collection of recent shells, which has been very largely increased
by the labors of Mr. Harry A. Pilsbry, has been rearranged, and ex-
tended to occupy two additional cases, and a catalogue of them nearly
completed — about twenty-five hundred species.

A considerable number of the local species of fishes and reptiles has
been collected and preserved. and during the ensuing year it is be-

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 267

lieved that considerable progress can be made toward making up an
approximately complete collection. In gathering these and other
natural history specimens, our young friends of the Agassiz Associa-
tions may be depended upon for considerable aid, and if their pursuit
of the study should develop a competent taxidermist it would certainly
supply a long-felt need.

Nothing has been done during the year in mound explorations in
the interest of the Academy, except that prosecuted by Captain Hall
along the Lower Mississippi, the collections: from which have been
added to the Academy museum and are referred to in the above
enumeration. There remains plenty of that work to do within the
range of fifty to seventy-five miles of us; but for that purpose some
money is required, and it is only upon occasions not very frequent that
the means can be secured. ‘This work is, for us, of the utmost im-
portance, in order to maintain our reputation for activity and persever-
ance, as well as for the actual knowledge to be gained.

For a better classification and arrangement in some departments —
especially the minerals—a great improvement could be made, and
some valuable space saved, if it were possible to remove restrictions
requiring the individual collections to be kept as such. Instead of
this, the specimens could then be better classified, and space in cabi-
nets need not be taken up by duplicates.

I would not recommend that the increase of our museum greatly
beyond its present extent should be a principal object, except, first,
completed local collections, and, second, systematic, classified series
in the various departments adapted especially for study, and kept for
reference and use by members and by classes from the public schools,
but not to be taken from the building. W. H. Prarr, Curator.

REPORT OF PUBLICATION COMMITTEE.

Volume V. of the Academy Proceedings was commenced, and a
few pages printed, in 1886, as stated in last annual report. During
the early months of the past year, all effort was directed toward raising
a fund to secure the current expenses of the Academy; and later, the
dark shadow of death in our midst sadly interrupted the work of the
Committee, so that the printing of the volume was still delayed, and
no subscriptions received until late in November. Nevertheless, all
expense thus far incurred has been met, save a loan of one hundred
dollars, without interest, which was kindly offered for the completion
of Volume IV., and which the Committee assumed the responsibility
of accepting. To carry on the work, it is important that members
and others should promptly hand in their subscriptions.

Funds to provide a suitable portrait of the late Prof. D. S. Sheldon
have been secured through the generosity of his former pupils and
friends, and a biographical sketch is in process of preparation, and
both will appear in Volume V.

Many valuable papers intended for this volume have been received
during the year, of which the following — filling sixty-four pages —have
been printed:

268 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

“On Certain Recent Quaternary and New Fresh-Water Mollusca.”
By R. Ellsworth Call; 8 pp., 1 plate, 3 cuts.

“On, Pyrgulopsis, a New Genus of Rissoid Mollusks, with Descrip-
tion of Two New Forms.” By R. Ellsworth Call and Harry A. Pils-
bry; 6 pp., 1 plate, 1 cut.

“A Defense of Our Local Geology” (a criticism of Mr. Tiffany’s
. pamphlet). By W. H. Barris; 8 pp.

‘Volcanoes of the Sandwich Islands.” By C. S. Watkins; 6 pp.

‘‘An Ancient Mine in Arkansas.” By W. A. Chapman; 4 pp.

“ Description of a New Hydrobia, with Notes on Other Rissoidz.”
By Harry A. Pilsbry; 2 pp., 1 plate.

“ Tastarriza (Remy) Confirmation of the Genus, with Character
Extended.” — By "C. Cy Parry; 2 pp:

“Mound Exploration at Toolesboro, Louisa County, Iowa.” By
Messrs. Lynch, Fulton, Harrison, and Preston; 6 pp.

“ Additional Explorations at Toolesboro.” By C. E. Harrison and
W. EL) Pratt; 2cp-

“Contributions to the Mollusca of Florida.” By C. T. Simpson;
about 25 pp., one-half printed.

“Memoranda on Some Fishes of the Ozark Region of Missouri.”
By R. Ellsworth Call; 8 pp.

Other papers in the hands of the Committee are as follows:

“A Report on Thunder-Storms of Iowa, Season of 1887.” By Fred-
erick Starr.

“Annotated List of Iowa Birds.” By Chas. R. Keyes.

“Description of Four New Species of Myriapods from the United
States.” By Jerome McNeil; 2 pp.

“Ancient Grooved Rocks.” By Wm. A. Chapman; 2 pp., 1 cut.

“Contributions to the Knowledge of the Devonian Fauna of Iowa,
with a Description to the Rockford Shales.” By Clement L. Webster;
about fo pp., I map, I cut.

“* Mound Explorations in North-Western Iowa.” By F. Starr.

These will be sufficient for Part I., of one hundred and fifty pages.
It is our purpose to include in the second part of this volume the re-
vised constitution and by-laws, list of members, and lists of donations;
also a complete index to the entire proceedings to date; Prof. W. J.
McGee, of the United States Geological Survey, having kindly offered
to prepare the latter as soon as the work is ready. It will also con-
tain a condensed report of the proceedings of meetings.

Mrs. M. L. D. Putnam,

C.-C. Parry,

W. H. Barris,

C. H. PRESTON,

James THOMPSON,
Committee.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 269

PRESIDENT’S ANNUAL ADDRESS:
By CHARLES E. HARRISON.
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN:

In surrendering the trust which in generous confidence you assigned
me, I shall not be expected to offer any scientific discourse, neither will
I undertake any apology for such shortcomings as could have been
prevented only by elevating some abler member to this honorable
office. The credit of whatever success may seem to have attended the
direction of affairs, is due to the officers and members who have will-
ingly assisted and advised, and for whose constant support, as well as
forbearance, I am sincerely thankful.

The twentieth year of our existence, just rounded to a close, may be
said to have been one of “even tenor,” less fruitful, perhaps, of percep-
tible results than some preceding ones, but yet, I trust, a year in which
we who remain have lost none of our interest in the grand work of
seeking after truth for truth’s sake—a year in which no retrogressive
step has been taken, and which, notwithstanding the full quota of dis-
couragements which it has witnessed, leaves us, I dare say, to-night,
strong and determined to continue the good work which, springing up
from the little seed so opportunely planted just twenty years ago, has
continued to flourish and grow, and which, with increased possibilities
as well as responsibilities, devolves now upon us as faithful members.
To have thus long survived the various vicissitudes which have beset
us, while a number of scientific associations in this and adjoining states
have been organized and, after a short existence have ceased to be, is
of itself an encouraging measure of success; and this result, which,
though in no spirit of boasting, we may view with some just pride, is
magnified when we consider that, notwithstanding adverse circum-
stances—particularly a constant lack of sufficient means to properly
prosecute our work—the institution has steadily gained in popularity
and strength, and to-day, owning the valuable premises it occupies, is
enabled to keep its rooms open to the public, maintains the publication
of its proceedings, and is building up in this accessible western city a
scientific museum and library which must be, if properly sustained and
wisely managed, a factor of much importance in the great scheme of
edvcational progress.

That there is cause for anxiety for the future is true; for, except
about $90 interest accruing from the nucleus of an endowment fund, a
special annual subscription fund of $425 (limited to five years), and
the meager receipts from dues and fees, say $350—a total of less than
$900, or about sufficient to pay running expenses—the Academy is
without funds for the purchase of such needed books, periodicals, and
monographs as cannot be obtained by exchange and otherwise for the
prosecution of its work. And then, as the years come and go, we are
being rapidly deprived of our faithful workers and substantial support-
ers. New members are recruited from time to time, but these are not
numercus; and have they, and have we, that zeal and efficiency which,
added to lofty purpose, is essential to continued success? The Acad-

270 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

emy may be hereafter, as heretofore, hindered by lack of funds, and
thus restrained may even bide its time until some philanthropist enables
it to occupy a yet higher plane of usefulness. But we need, and must
have, diligent workers, investigators, delving in the fruitful fields of sci-
entific research, and seeking to know more of nature and of nature’s
laws. We may be glad that there is established in our midst two vigor-
ous chapters of the Agassiz Association, comprising a goodly number
of boys and girls ardently interested in and studying the various
branches of natural science. This is a body of noble youth bending
the young intellect into the pleasant and important paths of scientific
inquiry, and whose very purpose is to us a halo of promise, gilding the
Academy’s future sky with a radiance of hope.

A very full condensed account of the year’s transactions appears in
detail in the several reports which have been read in your hearing, but
some matters in connection therewith may claim especial attention.

The printing of Volume V. having been resumed and sixty-four pages
issued from the press, it is highly desirable that the work be pushed for-
ward, especially as there is already in hand sufficient material to com-
plete the first part. To do this, we must largely rely upon the support
of our own members, less than twenty of whom have as yet subscribed
for copies. If each member would order one copy—certainly not a
heavy burden—the completion of the book would be assured. The
volume, in addition to proceedings and scientific papers, will be adorned
with an excellent portrait and biographical sketch of our lamented fel-
low-member, Prof. D. S. Sheldon, the honored first President of the
Academy, the expense of the plate being met by his former pupils and
friends. Prof. W. J. McGee, of the United States Geological Survey,
has kindly offered to prepare a complete index when the volume is
ready, a work involving no inconsiderable amount of labor and skill.

The collections in the museum show large additions during the year,
and the classification and arrangement of these accumulations, while
giving much and very proper employment to our excellent Curator, has
taxed his ingenuity as well, because of the insufficient accommodations
and already crowded condition of the cases. The constant necessity
for increase of room and greater facilities in the museum department,
which has obtained and burdened the Academy for several years at
least, seems to “grow with its growth,” and current wants are scarcely,
if at all, supplied till others appear. Nevertheless, the condition refer-
red to is by no means cause for complaint. Such increase in either of
its departments is, as a result, a legitimate part of the Academy’s suc-
cessful work, and the provision of a suitable depository for every speci-
men received is not only a necessity, but an imperative duty, which
must be bravely met. The excellent suggestion of the Curator, viz. :
the construction of four additional cases uniform with those now in
place in the west basement room, to complete the alcove arrangement
already begun, and thus render that commodious apartment wholly
available for museum purposes, is worthy of adoption as affording much
needed relief and of proper effort to provide the means for its execution.

The Librarian’s report is encouraging as exhibiting no diminution in

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 271

the steady growth which has heretofore characterized this highly im-
portant department of the Academy. ‘The addition during the year of
more than two thousand publications comprising the transactions of
most, if not all, the important scientific and historical societies of the
world, the individual contributions to science of many eminent savants
of the day, and a vast deal of other matter relating to scientific re-
search or reflecting scientific thought, is surely a grand showing. And
this single item is important to the good people of this community as
indicating not only the vast value of the literary treasures already in
store, but also the probable growth, and consequently the increasing
worth, of the Academy’s library. Here, too, as in the museum depart-
ment, already alluded to, there is pressing want. These books and
pamphlets, gleaming and glittering with living thought, cry out for
proper place and proper protection. More shelf-room is needed; bind-
ing is needed; a complete index is needed; and in view of the scanti-
ness of our treasury and other proper demands made upon it, one of
the problems which now confronts us is how to supply these wants.

Let not the erroneous idea prevail that this great library and museum
are for the exclusive use and benefit of our members. Both are avail-
able to the public, daily, during “open hours,” and both are being con-
sulted and examined almost constantly, often by pilgrims coming from
afar for the express purpose. Surely, in this enlightened and progress-
ive city, agencies of such vast educational utility and worth, of such
widespread and far-reaching benefits to the entire public, and capable
of maintenance at such comparatively little cost, cannot long await the
day of fuller appreciation when the number of our good people whose
names are enrolled as members of the Academy shall be far greater
than at present.

The finances, while not in that flush condition desirable and neces-
sary to greater accomplishments, and while yet comparing favorably
with the condition of affairs at any annual meeting of recent years, is
a subject of considerable concern inasmuch as this department of ne-
cessity underlies every other, and is of vital importance as affecting the
progress and success of the Academy, or possibly its very existence.
It has been necessary during the year to borrow the sum of $650; but
when we consider that previous indebtedness amounting to $850 has
been paid, there is no cause for discouragement in the item. The in-
terest accruing from our investments is more than sufficient to pay for
the use of this borrowed money, the difference in our favor being about
$33. Still, it is desirable that the Academy be freed from debt, and
this it is hoped to speedily accomplish by continuing the practice of
strict economy and prudent management.

Having referred to the status and wants of the several departments
as separate matters pertaining to the progress and condition of the
Academy, I come now, with sad heart, to speak of the honored dead—
of those strong helpers and fellow-workers whose labors and aid have
left a lasting impress upon, or added additional lustre to, the good name
of this beneficent institution. During the year, death has deprived us
of three life-members, Charles E. Putnam, Walker Adams, and A. F.

272 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Williams; one regular member, August Warnebold; and one honorary
member, Prof. Spencer F. Baird. These were honored names upon
the roll, and their several deaths within the period of one short year
make up a total loss of crushing weight. Who of the large audience
that sat in this room just twelve months ago and listened to the mas-
terly address of the retiring President, Charles E. Patnam, could have
dreamed that death would come so soon to him, the useful and respected
citizen, the man of large attainments and noble purposes, the benefac-
tor and defender of this Academy, who had so long and so liberally
contributed of mind and means to its support and upbuilding, whose
wise counsels and executive ability served us so ably and well through
the two terms of his administration, and whose loss to the society, as
well as to the entire community, is irreparable indeed. Because of his
unswerving fidelity to this institution, his earnest solicitude for its suc-
cess, and active interest in all that pertained to its affairs, and his
known generous disposition and willingness to render assistance, it must
be true that the inefficiency of his official successor would have been
greatly lessened but for his untimely end. But, fellow-members, though
we are weakened, saddened, and discouraged by the loss of these good
men, we must not sit idly down to brood over the inexplicable dispen-
sation of Providence.

The history of our twenty years experience in meeting and mastering
obstacles, should inspire us anew with confidence, energy, and zeal.
The grand work which has been brought thus far at measureless cost of
solicitude and labor, and consecrated by the best efforts of the younger
and elder Putnams, of Sheldon, Farquharson and others, is worthy of
perpetuation. In the world’s great struggle for universal education,
and development of mind, the field for such beneficent institutions
as this is ample and wide, and I trust the day is not far distant when
every good public-spirited citizen—whatever his financial status or
scientific attainment—charged with the electric spark of pure philan-
throphy, shall rally to the support of this great instrument for the dif-
fusion of knowledge, that this fair young metropolis throned upon the
commanding bluffs of our own majestic river, boasting of every ele-
ment of commercial dignity and greatness, boasting of her temples,
colleges, and schools, may point with exultant pride to an enlarged,
commodious and imposing building towering high upon this the sun-
niest spot of her southern slope—a building which shall be at once a
monument to the enterprise, intelligence, and goodness of her people,
a proper home for the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, and
with its accumulated treasures a benefaction and precious heritage to
generations yet unborn.

The presentation of these reports was followed by the election of
officers for the ensuing year, resulting as follows:
President—CHAR LES E. HARRISON.
First Vice-President—JOuN B. PHELPs.

Second Vice-President—Dr. L. FRENCH.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS.

rs)
~
Oo

Recording Secretary — DR. JENNIE MCCoweENn.
Corresponding Secretary — Miss Lucy M. Pratt.
Treasurer —CHARLES D. GLAass.
Librarian —HWH. C. Futon.
Gurator —W. H. Pratt.
Trustees for Three Years—W. H. Hoimes, WILLIAM Riepe, E. H.
Hazen, W. H. Pratt.
C. R. Keyes was elected corresponding member.

The following resolutions, offered by Mr. Pratt, were presented, and
unanimously adopted:

WHEREAS, We are informed, by notice from the Smithsonian Institution,
that the vacancy caused by the decease of the late lamented Secretary of that
Institution, Prof. Spencer F. Baird, has been filled by the appointment of Prof.
Samuel P. Langley to that position.

Resolved, That we are highly gratified to learn that a gentleman of such
acknowledged talent, eminent scientific attainments, and executive ability, and
high character, has thus been selected for the important position of superin-
tendent of the management of this, one of the leading scientific institutions of
the worid; and

Resolved, That we desire hereby to express our hope and full confidence that
the uniformly pleasant and friendly relations which we have enjoyed for the
past twenty years with his learned predecessors, Professors Henry and Baird,
may continue undiminished between us and the new Secretary through many
coming years; and

Resolved, That we take pleasure in hereby tendering to Prof. Langley the
honorary membership in our institution heretofore held by the former secre-
taries.

January 10,.1888.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; nine members present.

On motion, it was voted that a committee of three be appointed to
devise plans to increase the interest in the meetings of the Academy
and the efficiency of its work in general, to report to the Academy as
progress is made. The chair appointed Dr. Jennie McCowen, W. H.
Holmes, and W. H. Pratt such committee.

On motion, it was voted to continue the services of Mr. W. H. Pratt
as Curator, at $500 per annum.

January 28, 1888.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; six members and several vis-
itors present. ‘

Librarian reported one hundred forty-eight additions to the library.

[Proo, D, A, N.8., Vol. V.] 35 [September 27, 1889. |

274 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Curator called attention to a very valuable report on “Cattle and
Dairy Farming,” among the consular reports now out of print. On
motion, it was voted that W. H. Holmes and W. H. Pratt be a com-
mittee to prepare a suitable resolution to forward to Washington, ask-
ing for another edition to be printed.

The committee from the Board of Trustees to devise plans for in-
creasing the interest in Academy work, asked leave to report as follows:

1. That it be determined and announced that, in addition to the
regular monthly meetings provided for by the By-Laws, the Academy
will be opened and a meeting will be held every Friday evening, and
that all members be requested and the public invited to attend at all
meetings, and that provision be made, as often as possible, for a lecture
or paper and discussion on some subject of scientific or general interest.
Also, that when no subject is announced, those who are present take
up some subject, by reading published articles or otherwise, for regular
discussion, and furnish the papers with a report of the meeting.

2. That printed cards of notice of meetings be filled out and dis-
tributed to members inviting them to be present.

3. That the teachers of the public schools be invited to bring their
classes to the Academy when practicable—notifying the Curator a
day or two in advance —and that some member explain to the children
some class of specimens in the museum; and that the teachers through-
out the county be included in this arrangement.

4. That a systematic and persistent effort be made by canvassing
the city, members, and non-members, to secure lectures and scientific
papers for our meetings, so as to have a reliable list prepared.

5. That all members be urged to endeavor to interest their friends
and bring in new members; and also to attend and induce their friends
to attend the meetings.

Report was received and committee discharged.

February 24, 1888.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair.

A communication was read from the Peoria Scientific Association,
sending greetings and newspaper notices of their Annual Meeting; also,
from Jefferson County Library Association, sending an account of their
annual meeting. ‘The Secretary was instructed to exchange friendly
greeting with both these societies.

The subject of “Meteors” was then discussed, and the specimens in
the Academy museum displayed and their history given by the Curator.

The President announced the death of two honorary members of the
Academy, Dr. Asa Gray, who died January 30, aud Prof. George W.
Tryon, February 5, 1888.

Adjourned to reorganize the Historical Section.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 275

March 2, 1888.— ADJOURNED MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eleven members and a num-
ber of visitors present.

Librarian reported one hundred twenty-six additions to the library.

Curator reported valuable donation to the museum of a collection of
marine specimens from Prof. B. Shimek, of Iowa City; alcoholic,
twenty-eight species; dry, twenty-three species.

Mrs. Lucy E. Harrison was duly elected a regular member of the
Academy. MF

The Historical Section was reported to be not yet regularly organ-
ized, but committees have been appointed to take the necessary steps.
The Section desires the cooperation of the Academy in arranging
to celebrate, with other historical societies, the anniversary of Mar-
quette’s discovery of the Mississippi River. ‘The committee reported
progress in the preparation of a programme.

The subject for discussion, “ Volapuk,” was then taken up. No paper
was presented, but an informal discussion was participated in by most
of those present. It was voted to continue the subject to a subse-
quent meeting.

March 30, 1888.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eight members present.
Librarian reported two hundred twenty-three additions to the library.
The Treasurer reported the collection by Mrs. Putnam:

ATIMUAlNSUPSELIPHONSE spain” yes. bs eee pate ists «ides eee anes ee p22 OO
ATU AO MES RLS aisior hed heaps er oA SAE apeharhe my sheS Nami aks Gtg san ns Bek ePee ye 7O 00

$472 00
alde tombreasurenntgs cae est tks GC cietak relapse Me + ae sale econ aed elie eee $ 60 00
SEs On CEO alaedn eek aor tan rena MOM a int ae oie Amateo Macs andar tem cesar, sie/o) (O00)
Smee CO AUIMES TL Serap aes tyr: eth co chess acre eralare eo nape CA EASE eke eae eS Sen ee ON OO.
Beem BPSD OI Oe CO ser fe Niall 5/0) ho bys aFnsions aiopeoersioke eh oie deceetab ote an a = femen tite 50 00
ime NOLCM ITE Ms AIM R ye tues yooh atcislcaeiara cdorsies aie erapeleits level aise Sateen ee 100 OO

$394 00
Collectedsonwenbhcationsbund’s- custo iie aoc ere eine $ 36 oo

Mr. Frank Nadler was elected a regular member of the Academy.

On motion, it was voted to announce the Academy open every
Friday evening. ‘The attendance of members is requested and friends
are invited.

Adjourned to Historical Section.

276 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

May 25, 1888.— REGULAR MEETING.
President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eleven members present.
Committee on the Marquette Celebration reported progress.

Librarian reported three hundred twenty-seven additions to the
library. ,

A communication received from General Greeley, of the United
States Signal Service, was read, offering to cooperate in gathering thun-
der-storm data. He will furnish blanks and franked envelopes. Two
hundred fifty circulars have been sent out this year, and eighty observ-
ers are already enrolled. Great encouragement is felt at the interest
of General Greeley in our efforts.

The most notable donations during the month have been a box of
fossils from Judge Wakefield, Sioux City, and a large section of a tusk
of the mastodon, six and one-half inches in diameter, weighing thirty
pounds, which Mr. Chris. Benedix brought from California for the
Academy. -A vote of thanks was tendered to Mr. Benedix. The
mastodon and the mammoth were compared and discussed.

A paper by Prof. C. L. Berthoud, Golden, Colorado, on “The Occur-
rence of Buddhistic Emblems in the collections of the National Muse-
um,” was read and referred to Publication Committee.

June 29, 1888.—REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; five members present.

Mr. Fulton, from the committee on the Marquette Celebration, re-
ported a public meeting of great interest, with a varied programme,
Mr. DeArmond giving the Historical address. On motion of Mr. Ful-
ton, a vote of thanks was tendered Mrs. Forrest, who sang, and Miss
Nichols, who accompanied her on the piano, for adding so greatly to
the pleasure of the entertainment.

William F. Greenlee, Belle Plaine, Iowa, was elected to correspond-
ing membership.

The President announced the death of two corresponding members:
Prof. A. H. Worthen died May 6, and Prof. W. D. Gunning died March
8; also, Mr. J. J. Dahms, a regular member, who died April 16.

The subject, “A New way of Finding the Foci of an Ellipse,” was
then discussed, illustrated by original and ingenious drawings and ap-
paratus.

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 2uf

~I

June 8, 1888.—SPECIAL MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; fifteen members present.

The President stated the object of the meeting to be, to meet Mr. W.
J. McGee, of the United States Geological Survey at Washington, D. C.

After some informal talk, Prof. McGee was invited to address the
meeting, and in compliance with the request he gave a very interesting
address, discussing at some length the status and needs of our Acad-
emy, and the condition of scientific institutions generally in the West.

The Academy then adjourned, and some further time was spent in
informal conversation.

July 9, 71888.—ADJOURNED TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eight members present.

President stated that the principal subject for consideration for this
meeting was the financial condition of the Academy and the means to
be adopted for provision of funds to meet expenses.

After considerable disc ssion regarding entertainments, lectures, etc.,
Dr. Preston moved the appointment of a committee consisting of
Messrs. Fulton, Pratt, and Hazen, to ascertain the feasibility of the
above matters, and to report at an adjourned meeting.

July 19, 1888.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; nine members present.

ADJOURNED TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

Report of the special committee read, and, on motion, amended and
adopted, as follows:
To THE TRUSTEES OF THE DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES:

Your special committee, appointed July 9, 1888, would respectfully
report and recommend—

1. That an admission fee to the Academy building, of ten cents, be
charged, members and children under ten years of age being admit-
ted free.

2. That a course of ten home lectures be given in the Academy
during October, November, December, January and February next,
and that there be charged an admission fee of fifteen cents, or one dol-
lar for a ticket admitting to the entire course.

3. That an effort be made to increase the usefulness of the Acad-
emy, and to that end, that special studies of the different departments
be provided for at stated times.

4. That an entertainment be given on the twenty-first anniversary
of the Academy’s birth, December r4th.

Respectfully submitted, Hn. €. Bucron,
WH, “PRArr
E. H. Hazen.

278 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

On motion, the President appointed H. C. Fulton, Dr. McCowen,
and W. H. Pratt a committee to carry out the above Home Lecture
Course, and such other lectures as may be secured.

On motion of Mr. Fulton, a committee consisting of Drs. Preston
and Hazen, and William Riepe, with the Curator as chairman, was ap-
pointed to carry out the plan of the third recommendation.

The President stated that parties from Le Claire were desirous of ob-
taining two lots in that city owned by the Academy. After discussion,
Messrs. Harrison and Fulton were appointed a committee with power
to act in the matter.

August 31, 1888.— REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; six members present.
Librarian reported three hundred eighty-seven additions to the library.
Curator reported numerous and valuable additions to the museum.

Dr. P. R. Hoy, of Racine, Wisconsin, was elected as corresponding
member.

Committee on ways and means reported the recommendations which
had been adopted by the Board of Trustees.

Specimens of zinc ore from the Cook quarry, also clay, fossils, and
shells collected by Prof. Pratt, were exhibited. Some discussion en-
sued on the nature of the recent finds in that locality, and the small
probability of their value from a commercial point of view.

The Curator called attention to some of the untenable theories upon
which the De Bausset air-ship is planned, for the construction of which
Congress is asked to make an appropriation of $75,000 and authorize
the use of one of the government navy-yards for the building of the
machine. An extended discussion followed, participated in by most of
those present.

September 24, 1888.—TRUSTEES’ MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; nine members present.

Special meeting of the Trustees convened at Dr. Preston’s office to
take action on a communication received from Charles R. Keyes, of
Burlington, in regard to the publication of his paper on “The Birds of
Iowa.”

On motion of Mr. Fulton, it ‘was voted “That it is the sense of the
Trustees, that the paper by Mr. Keyes, on ‘The Birds of Iowa,’ be pub-
lished as soon as possible.”

SYNOPSIS OF PROCEEDINGS. 279

Dr. Hazen presented to the Trustees a Spectacular Drama which he
had prepared, as suitable, perhaps, for the anniversary meeting.

The President reported that the property of the Academy in Le
Claire had been sold for $25.00.

On motion of Mr. Pratt, it was voted to place the amount to the
credit of the Publication Fund.

Mr. Fulton, on behalf of the Lecture Committee, reported encour-
aging progress in securing local speakers and arranging topics and dates.

On motion of Mr. Pratt, it was voted to give complimentary tickets
to the course to the members of the Agassiz Chapters of the city.

September 28, 1888.—REGULAR MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; nine members present.

Additions to the library, one hundred twenty-seven. Library Com-
mittee reported four hundred feet of additional shelving put up during
the month, making room for four thousand more books and pamphlets.

The Museum Committee reported that they had secured the promise
of the necessary four cases to complete the alcove arrangement of the

basement, which would provide a very desirable and necessary addi-
tion to the available space for displaying the collection.

The feasibility of cutting and polishing specimens in the Academy
was discussed and laid over for further information as to necessary fix-
tures, expenses, etc.

October 13, 1888.— SPECIAL MEETING.

Special meeting convened at the office of Dr. Preston to take action
in relation to the decease of the Hon. George H. French, one of our
life members.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eleven members present.

The President stated the object for which the meeting was called, and
in pursuance of this object, he appointed a committee on resolutions
consisting of James Thompson, Dr. C. H. Preston, and Major G. P
McClelland.

On behalf of the committee, Mr. Thompson presented the following
resolutions, which were unanimously adopted :

WHEREAS, Amid the changes of human life, our esteemed and respected
fellow-citizen, the Hon. George H. French, has closed his earthly career and
left the scenes of his usefulness here in the full strength of his manhood for-
ever; and

280 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

WHEREAS, In his departure from among us, the Academy has lost one of its
oldest Trustees and most efficient life members and benefactors; therefore be it

Resolved, That we mourn his loss not only as a fellow member, who in times
of need aided the Academy by his influence, voice, and purse, but also as a
citizen who was ever foremost in all that pertained to the intellectual, moral,
and material welfare of the city.

Feesolved, That these resolutions be entered in the minutes of the Academy,
and that a copy be furnished for publication in the city papers.

On motion, resolved that the members of the Academy be requested
to attend the funeral.

October 30, 1888.—REGULAR MEETING.

President Harrison in the chair; six members present.

Curator reported that the four cases provided by the contributions
of the late Hon. G. H. French and others are being constructed and
will soon be furnished.

The president referred to the decease of Mr. French since the last
regular meeting and thought it desirable to make this somewhat of a
memorial meeting, members presenting such reniiniscences or giving
expression to their feelings as they might desire.

Mr. Thompson, Mr. Holmes, and Mr. Lynch each made remarks in
accordance with this suggestion.

January 2, 1889.—ADJOURNED MEETING.

President C. E. Harrison in the chair; eleven members present.

Curator exhibited a series of sixteen fine plaster casts received from
Prof. L. A. Cox, of Keokuk, representing beautiful crinoids in his col-
lection, and found in that vicinity. Also, a collection of fifteen species
of fossil plants from the Dakota group (cretaceous) collected in Kansas,
and sent to the Academy by Charles H. Sternberg, of Lawrence, Kan-
sas, by exchange.

The following paper was presented by title: “The genus, Ceanothus,
as represented on the Pacific Coast of North America,” by Dr. Parry.
On motion, referred to Publication Committee.

PLATE I.

Fies. 1 3 —Valvata utahensis.
4-6—Amnicola dalli.

7-9—Radix utahensis.

10-13—Limnophysa bonnevi lensis.

.

PROCEEDINGS DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES—VOL. V.
PLATE lI.

CALL ON NEW MOLLUSCA.

PL ATE dale

All original figures except 14 4, 14 c, and 17 @ are enlarged three diameters.

Fics. 1-6—FP. nevadensis, carinate forms.

7-8— cs smooth var.
a “e oO ]
9 perculum.
10 — 4 Outline of Stearns’ figure

in Proc. Phila. Ac. Nat. Sci., p. 173,
(1883).
11—12— Pyrgula helvetica, Mich.
13— P. scalariformis —Copy of Wolfs figure
in Am. Jour. Conch., Vol. V., pl. xvii.,
biter a7
14—-16—P. mississippiensis.

17-19— FP. sfinosus.

All figures except 10 and 13 are drawn from specimens in the authors’ cabinets.

PROCEEDINGS DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES— VOL. V.
PLATE II.

me

tw

CALL AND PILSBRY ON PYRGULOPSIS.

INDEX TO VOLUMES L-V.

BY W J MCGEE.

Page Page
Axspotr, CHARLES Conrap, cited on Acm ops pratensis, Occurrence of. .i, 190
ancient implements...... Sree EA 8 Stitt), ===» «ha Pees sra) ais) syorcisvoere ff 180
—, Election of ....... aroratenereroi eters elle LAH, l=" 7D ULOSOly—= ——= 6, Ss Weve,eie ais Hecaol, LEO)
— "quoted on association of man and ACONITUM nasutum, ——......... i, 149
MMASTOC OM 452 sce « Recht ce ee 279 | AcORDULECERA dorsalis, ——...... i, 206
Abet, H., Junior, Election it: , 233 | ACRIDIDA (Description of new spe-
Abts balsamea, Occurrence of. . A, i 146: cies of) from Arizona; Cyrus
ly, 67 STL OMAGE + 3) cfe hve oars coke he eee li, 124
— concolor, ——.........+.+...++-.1, 146 | Acriprum emarginatum, Notes on. .i, 262,
— douglasti, — —............ Soret ye 56) 266
——CRACIINANM , ses eve ces i, 149 | Acrocrinus wortheni, ——...... IV, ja
== GRIN —— 2 peauoeUneeoe ....1, 146 | Acronycra oblinita, Occurrence of.1i, 192
— occidentalis, ——........ efoen vite 1, 1465) AcrapAralbg,, <==... h.. ols « oianieye arco i, 154
ABRA angulata, ——........ ..-..V, (2 | AcTAMON delicatus, ——..:..... sag 204:
= BYWGIS, = oe eee vy; 42) | — floridanus, —— ........-. de aig Oe
AxsintHE, Colloquial use of term.iii, 83 | — punctostriatus, ——........... v, 6

ABUTILON avicenne, Occurrence of.i, 155 | Acrras luna, — —-... ‘
Acapemy, Early history of the...ii, 193 | Acrrnomerts helianthoides, Doubtful

MS KETCM Ol GG s.00% oe stone ot is SS Bence : Pyesya.') 3 1a eats 6 hee iv, 66
ACALYPHA virginica, Occurrence of.i, 162 | — squarrosa, -— — ........-...+-- i, 159
Acantuis linaria, —— ..........V, 141 | Actitis macularia, — — .........Vv, 123
AccIPITEeR atricapillus, —— ..... ig ME || NCS Conor, "=" sb oanoogcd- li, 256
— cooperi, ——..... ..........+.V, 126 | Apatr, JaMzs, quoted on pre-his ise
CLOG. — —— ne Hated eines cess Wy 12; Clabhins ste aren eaeioane 13
ACER dasycar “pum, Blossoming of.. 8, | Apams, A. L., Reference to work on
” 952 on Solpugidee. . SEN cehetaey ili, 298
— —, Occurrence of....... .eeee.el, 156 | ADAms, C. B., Cited on Cerithium Jer-
— —, Vernal appearance of...... a 13 MUG UTUUTI so) ota ates voyages fie Van oo
— grandidentatum, Occurrence of..i1, 146 | Apams, Mrs WALKE Rr, Election of.ii, 25
— saccharinum, ——..... suateteng hers ? 156 ADAMS, WALKER, Appointment of,
ACERATES lanuginosa, ——...... Li £70 on standing committee..... ts 29
SS AULONG = —— visto sere ca sine ely 162 | —=, Mlection Of. 4... 6 Sjcesemenes ii, 164
AcERVULARIA inequalis, —— .....v, 107 | —, Obituary resolutions on ......v, 263
ACHILLEIA millefolium, —— ......i, 159 | —, Record of death of....... v, 263, 271
ACIDALIA enucleata, — —....,....i1, 192 Valuable donation by..... , tll 61
ACILIUS semisuleatus, SiS isi aye wale ee es) Apprnss (Annual) ; C. C. Parry. 67
ACKERMANN, TH., cited on cretinism, — = Be. AGEN 6. 5c. ociee cro @ 85
; ili, 124 | — a A Mego led ayia ee aman near ui, 75
Ack.LEy, Jonn, Valuable donation —of the President; R. J. Faraqu-
Dye. es Se Pago isrcra oieaes Tite 25 FUARSONiseaacrsitabs csoncteuteve ci sare may) 1
AcCM™A melanoleuca, Occurrence of.v, 64 | —, President’s; C. H. Preston..iv, 1
— notata, ——........... seed tes ins v, 64 | —, Valedictory; C. C. Parry..... a 9
— puleherrima, ——..... 9 .+.+..V, 64 | Apranrum pedatum, Occurrence of.iv, 67
— puncturata, ——.............:V, 63 | Apmission fee, Provision for ....iii, 88
— pustula, — —......... ~sseesesv, 64 | Apoxus vitis, Occurrence of.......1, 181,
ACMADORA mixta, —— .......... 1 19k 190, 200

[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.] 36 (281)

[May 10, 1893.]

282

Page

Epis obliquus, Occurrence of....i, 180
ANGIALITIS vociferd, ——.........V, 124
JEscuna californica, —— ....1, 204, 205
— constrict, ——........005. i, 204, 205
—— WNterNnd, — — seas alecdweae eee. i, 204
ZEscuLus hippocastanum, — — ....1, 156
Arrica, Solpugide in........... oF, 254
Aaasus fimbriatus, Occurrence of. .i, 178
— griseipennis, ——..... ones 178
— MOPOSUS, — —. ee eee eee eee 1, 178
— seriatus, Se aie eit teneveie ave cans ote eich aes i, 178
teenrolatus, — —......-.00c0eee i, 178
AGAMA concolor, a ree en seen i, 207
AGAPOSTEMON nigricornis, — —.1, 195, 209
— radiatus, — —.......... ale 195, 209
— tewanUs, — 1... eee eee eee a 195, 209

AGASSIZ, ALEXANprR, Election of.ii, 127
Aaasst1z, Louts, cited on blastoids. iv, 77

— —— coral formation..... Pe cedle oo
— — — fossil human bones..... iv, 276
— — — the glacial theory... ... - i, 98
— — — science............0006- li, 99
—, Obituary resolution on........1, 54
—, Reference to work of...... Se ayiy lktcill
———— — on Solpugide......iii, 294
Aaasstz Assoctatton, Record of work
Clits Ahern cho caceetea are BIE ae vl
AGATHIS vulgaris, Occurrence of.. 5 207
AGELAIUS pheeniceus, Shen a elet sts se 13
AGonopveErws lineola, — — ....1, 169, 178
— pallipes, — —. .i, 169, 178, ; 2021, 10
AGRICULTURE, Memorial ert:
1, ds
Aaritus defectus, Occurrence of.i site 73
—— PONUSy —— Sarin s-)o)s et eele es polly iist0)
AGRIMONIA eupatoria, ——....... i, 157
— parviflora, ——...... ntraatee? ii, 126
AGROPYRUM violaceum, ——..... iv, 67
AGrotis clandestina, ——....... ii, 192
— c-nigrum, — —........ See at oe
— MESSOPIA, — eee eee Se eilly Ie,
— subgothica, ——....... 0.0005 11, “192
INES BPONED: Os PS Ha olan he pane Vi lly,
ALABA tervaricosa, eae. SN eee Veaenoo
ALABAMA, Aboriginal | potter y of .iv, 192
— , Donations POM sialon at ili, 19, oll
ALASKA, hobany Of Gn Wee s iv, 29
— , Copper implements in........ 127
ALAUS 0¢ ulatus, Occurrence of.1, 171 ;
i749
ALBANY, Explorationof mounds at.i, 53
—, Mounds NCAR eure ee: i, 49, 51, 99

— (Report on the results of the ex-
cursion to), Illinois, November
7 and 8, 1873; A. S. Trrrany.i, 104
Aupricu, T. H., Collection by....v, 5,7
ALEOCHARA bimaculata, Occurrence
..i, 190, 199, 202

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Auaeria, Donations from.......iii, 40

ALISMA planta go, Occurrence of. . .i, 148,

Augen, J.A.,cited on habits of ducks,
v, 115
—-——— the king-bird......v, 134
—, Election of......... d's a Aes
— quoted on eggs of swallow ....v,
ALLEN, JOSEPH, Election of.......v, 247
—, Record of address by.........V, 264
ALLEN, Lizzim, Election of........i, 17
ALLEN, R. L., Association of, with J.
iD. Putnam. 305) oe eee ii,
ALLEN, Mrs Wir11aM, Election of.i, 4
ALLEN, WILLIAM, — —.....2055- - 53
_, Record of communication by..i, 54
At LEN, WILLIAM, JUNIOR, Acknowl-
edgement to.

_, Election of...........- . aS
ALLium canadense, Occurrence of. .i, 164
— COPNUUIN, ==). os) sale sla ee
— striatum, — —.............+.--1, 164
ALLOUEZ, GuaupE, quoted on lake
Superior COPPEF = was < «5 7} shel heel
ALoprecurus geniculatus, Occurrence
Of... ./..0. G25 an . li, 260
ALVEOLITES rock -fordensis, ——..:Vv, 107
AMARA angustata, — —......... .4, 4%
— avida, — =... eee i, 169, 173
— confusa, ——.......-...00e a 11) G9
— fallax, — —....1, 169, 178, 202; 11, 10
-— ‘impunceticollis, - — See a 173, 178
— lacustris, —— ............2...1, 190
— laticollis, — — a cad ve. cia ole Soreta area Es
— latior, ——. 2.6. 6s250 sn
— ObESA, — — oe eee cece cceeeceeeed, 178
— Patricia, Sh. oss e lee LL
— terrestris, — = ..2.ede sane nae ne
AMARANTUS albus, — —...........1, 162
— Dlitoides, Description of cae li, 261
— blitum, Correction of..........11, 260

— retroflecus, Occurrence of...... i 162

AMBLOPLITES rupestris, ——......V, 78
AMBOCELIA wmbonata, — —......V, 108
AMBROSIA artemisizfolia, ——... 1, 159;

iii, 88

— trifida, —— ..................1, 159

AmpuLacruM, Morphologie defini-
tion of.. od RRR OT ae Ivy We
AmrNpMENtS to Constitution. i,.2, 6, S172
32, 33, 48, 63

AMELANCHTER canadensis, Vernal ap-
pearance of. ..... dase esete te eg
Amerta scalaris, Occurrence of ...v, 69
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIBNCE (THE),
Quotation from-een eae seb OOO,
—, Reference to publications by, on
Solpugidée . .\. ....:c saat sini meee

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

AMERICAN NaturAuist (THE), Quota-

onednOMme ssi e foal ys 2k 2R6yo5

—, Reference to publication by, on
GPU STA Ee. cis soso pictain' c= ili, 805
AMMANNIA humilis, Occurrence of. li, 259
— latifolia, ——....... Seedietevezelaie ii, 251
AMMODRAMUS henslowii, — —..... v, 142
— leconteti, ——........... ete tN las
— sandwichensis savanna, ——.. ~ 142
— savannarum ee as ==: 142
AMMOPHILA communis, i, 194, 208
— ferrugined, ——............06- i, 208
— luctuosa, —— ............ i, 194, 208
— pictipennis, ——..... SS eee i, 208
ROOMS —— =" sc.) eyes dae eles de oe i, 208
— varipes, — —...........4.2.1, 194, 208
— vulgaris, ——..... SSR OTaOe 1, 194, 208
AMNICOLA cincinnatiensis, — —....1, 167
— dalli, Founding of species ..... We
— floridana, Correction of....... aM OL
— —, Occurrence of............ wiv) Gill
— orbiculata, ——......... se ansely alley
— pallida, ——..... Saya spar teayeie ys. ny ey
— parva, ——........ Refete ames Sty iy
ci SLY LIU go aia Tae Iu esi zieve ies o's, ye sy UGE
AMORPHA canescens, — —......... 1. 156
— fruticosd, — — ......2..0-0ckes i, 156
— microphylla, Description Ofeeelye 28
— —, Occurrence of............ iv, Ba
AMPELIS cedrorum, ——......... v, 149
— garrulus, NOU DOO O ROO ADT v, 149
AMPELOPSIS quinquefolia, — — ....i, 156
AMPHICERUS bicaudatus, — — . .i, 36, 172
AMPULLARIA caliginosa, Noteson..yv, 61
—- ——, Occurrence of .......2.... vy, 48, 66
_ depressa, ee TO v, 48, 61
ANABRUS pur purescens, } Notes on. . .i, 263,
266
— simplex, Indian name for....... i, ee
— —, Notes on.......... re ier 288, 266
ANACHTS acuta, Occurrence of. Sil, Py!
SOOM = ate Seva fa) ay0, #18162. 22 ige 237
== semplicata, SS asian oes aed, Ae
ANAGALLIS arvensis, — — ....... ii, 170

ANAL SPIRACLE, Morphologic defini-
tion Of; 2 4: speteacbsfcis are ote iv, 78
WINADNSIS Of DOMES! 2. + ./. io sesso hy, LUG)
= =— EHCIAT POLLEEY Sa. son a rah eel ey
ANAS americana, Occurrence of...v, 117
BN asehdg, ok a. Been bee v, 116
— carolinensis, — — .......... dou ayy
SCOTS, aS desc lee ames vie, llr
— obscura, — —..... Betis RN Aon ree v, 116
2—= SUFEPETO, = oa kc soe Bie ol i UG
ANASPIS dirad, — —.....-4........ i, 200
— NMgTA, — —.....0.005-. oil, “ifeill
— rufa, ——...........- i, ‘181, “197, 200
ANAtis 15-punctata, Habits ro ae li, 334

283

Page

ANAtIS 15-punctata, Occurrence of.i, 170
POULTON —" BIS se Sioa Heo es i 199
ANATOLMIS grotei, — —........... 1, 186

Anatomy of Pulvinaria innumerabilis,
11, 302

Ancey, C.8., Acknowledgment to.v, 48
ANcULOSA prerosa, Use of, for cur-

MOT CVs tes etree ciel see sieiacs vonetee li, 39
Ancyuus filosus, Occurrence of....v, 70
— fluviatilis, — —. 2... ee cee i, 166
— obscurus, — — ........ See v, 48, 70
= PU UNOTS, — heres ooreres dia otane & i, 166
Anperson, C. L., Acknowledgment

WO kas Rhee adene Hes ae wore, Hho iv, 36
—, Dedication of species to..v, 172, 176
ANDERSON, S. M., Election of...... 3
ANDREE, RicHarp, cited on primi-

biGyairh/poekor Sciceeise tec. wiv, 114

ANDRESEN, H. H., Election of ...iii, 16

ANDREWS, Masor, —— ..........1, 49
ANDREWS, EpMUND, — — ........ it; 127
ANDROSACE occidentalis, Occurrence
OL IER Sees oS Uae ase i, 160
— —, Vernal appearance of .....ii1, 18
ANEMONE caroliniana, Occurrence of,
i, 152
— —, Vernal appearance of...... il, 126
— cylindrica, Occurrence of ...... i, 153
— NEMOPOSA, — — 1... reece eceeeee i, 153
— pennsylvanica, — —...... Pekg eis i, 153
— virginiana, — —...........- sooth, Mas:
ANGELIN, N. P., cited on crinoids. iv, 96
ANGERONA crocatur ia, Occurrence of,
ii, 192
ANILINE colors, Record of lecture on,
iv, 231
AntsopactyLus baltimorensis, Occur-
FEN CCLOles eae ae , ele Onlenes
— discoideus, ——......... See ele 69
— sericeus, ——...... acini berks i, 169
ANIsosticra episcopalis, —— .....1, 179
ANODONTA corpulenta, ——....... i, 166
PUTS oho ahw er eyon a sey v, 68*
— ferussaciana, ——..... stud ee rete i, 166
— grandis, ——...... Bs ates vio. ded Ob
— imbecillis, — —....... natisttiee lee OO
— oregonensis, — — .......-e nee ig 133
Set 0) (0 Renee ot Oe tee i, 166
— undulata, — —.........0.. jee eG

ANOMALOCARDIA floridiana, ——. .1i, 249
Anomia glabra, ——..... WW, 2435 vy, 71*

ANOMOGLOSSUS emarginatus, — —..1, 169
= PUStUUS, soon oicins e we es sons i, 169
AwsEr albifrons gambeli, —— ... fe 118
ANSLEY, CLARK F. , Election of. . v, 212
ANTELOPE, Occur! rence of...... é ae 86
ANTENNARIA margaritacea, — —...i, 159
— plantuginifolia, — --...........1, 159

284

Page

AntuArnora albata, Founding of
BPCClESs ok Gi darn names ss See a ae

— —, Occurrence of......... i, 210;
— occidentalis, — —.............- i, 10
— terminalis, ——....... ....... i, 210
ANTHAXIA retifer, ——....... i, 180, 203
ANTHEROPHAGUS ochraceus, — — ..1, 179
Anruicus bellulus, —— ,...... weak 204
— cervinus, ——..... ahr 1, 172, 204
at ANUS fs oe wien ieee eee i, 204
— nitidulus, ——............. pi pes Bol
— rejectus, — —...... eee ne als SOMOS
ANTHIDIUM interruptum, — —.....1, 209
— maculifrons, — —.............. i, 209
ANTITOCARIS ausonoides, ——...... i, 183
— julia, — —.... 2.0.45. Bitheten thes i, 183
ANTHRENUS lepidus, ——.........i, 179
ANTHUS pensilvanicus, — —....... v, 156
Antiquities from mounds....... ii, ape
iii, 74, 89, 90, 156, 141, 147,187; v, 39
— — Louisa county . SR ess i 183
— of the Mississippi valley net iv, 123
— — — Rocky mountains ...... ili, 87
— — Whiteside county, Illinois ;

WiC SHORBEOOK Gc aeer ere iii, 68

— (Remarks on the) of New Mexico

and Arizona; W. J. Horrman,
ili, 108
ANTIQUITY Of UNAM) 23. .ies sm oe hi pede)

ANTROSTOMUS vOCi ferus, Occurrence
Ofer mtun antes aia notin ee cise v, 183
APATURA Celtis, — —............. ris iil
Apatuus elatus,— —... .........1, 210
—“msularis, — —.........- Bas el)
Arts mellifica, —— ....... CME Gee thy elle)
APHELOGENIA gultula, — —....... 1, 202
Apuonptvs denticulatus, — — ......i, 190
UM LATUUS, ————" ain wipia eee ane aly ALL
— granarius,——....... Cate nisin es a lal
-— occidentalis, eh aS eres i, 190

APHYLLON fasciculatum, “Abandon:
ment Of species -. 006... ty, 02
— uniflorum, Occurrence of ...... li, 126
Aptos tuberosa, ——..... BAN cies Se i, 156
APLYSIA protea, ——.....: li, 242; v, 64
APOCYNUM andr osexmifolium,——. «1, 161
— cannabinum, ——..... ai, Ges ii, 126
— —, Primitive use of .......... i, 185
AquiuLa chrysetos, Occurrence of ..v, 127
AQUILEGIA cerulea, — —.......... i, 150
—= CONAMENSIS, — — ...2202-s-2 00> i, 154
[oP ea a oe se eine Ort ae i, 149
ARABIA, Sc [pugidee i ines ss: sheers Se 254
ARABIS ‘canade nsis, Occurrence of. .i1, 154
—— | Gentaid, ——' 6. Fe aiciws oe eee ee ? 154
—dr ummondit, Ss rele eteyyere ni tys i, 154
— hirsuta, — —............ Assert hea)
Pe WUE —— ae) alias Sine el ot

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF

NATURAL SCIENCES,

Page
Arasis perfoliata, Occurrence of..ili, 169
Araco, D. F. J., cited on ground
ice. Se aa 55 = Base ae 393
ARALIA nudicaulis, Oceurrence of. .i, 158
— racemosa, weap 158
ARCA americana, ——...........1i, 244
— barbadensis, —— ....5.....24.V, 00"
— candida, ——........... von
— deshayestt, — —..........c2+-+V 08%
— domingensis, — —............-V, 68*
— floridana, =—. eee eee v, 68*
— fusca, — =... 66. os oe ee SPN fie Oto
—- gradata, —— ......... Beato Wy tere
— imbricata, — — ..............-V, 68*
— imcongrua, ——..... 244 ; y, 47, 68*
— modiola, — — ee 68*
— nox,——..... A . li, 244; v, 68*
— nexata, ——... ee 244: v, 68*
— ponderosa, ——..... Be 244: v, 68*
— transversa, ——..... ak 244: v, 68*
Arceuriopium americanum, ——..i, 152
—, Destructive species of.........1, 36
ARCHEOLOGIC SECTION, ye of
thie: 02. so citeneneienee eae Nae PSL
—, Work of the Wenee Stet ee _ ii, 3
Arc HEOLOGY, Collections in... ‘ita
ArcHEMorA rigida, Occurrence of. ili, 169
ARCHIBUTEO lagopus sancti-johannis,
a a eed
ARCTIA achaia, ———s.5 sas eee li, 273
— ANNA, — —.. ee eee eee eee ee ee Hl, 273
—= AT Je, 1. ae eee
— decorata, — —.........----..-H, 191
— figurata, ——..........1, 176; ii, 278
— geneura, Founding of species. .ii, 270
— nais, Occurrence of .:.........1, 176;
ii, 17, 191,278
— parthenice, — — .......-250%- li, 273
— persephone, — —...... . sd, AOS fe
— phyllira, — — ............-..-H, 278
— quadranotata, Founding of species,
ii, 271
— virgo, Occurrence of ..........i1, 273
— yarrowti, Indian name for......i, 192
— —, Occurrence of...... ihe ees
AnrcrostapHytus, Adans.; C. C.
IPARRY ose + ovo a Se eee
— andersoni, Description of......iv, 33
— arguta,— —..... on ok S Nee wae eee
— bicolor, — —..............+-.1V, 34
— clevelandi, ——...... 21... iv, 34
— glauca, — —....... Sees iv, 34
— hookeri, Occurrence of ae -Iv, 31
— nevadensis, — sn ee Shs SIV
— numularia, Description Of. 2. LV oO
— oppositifolia, ——..... BAR ach 40)
— polifolia, Abandonment of species,
iv, 31

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
ARCTOSTAPHYLUS pumilia, Occurrence

Olen Lae n teeta 2 SSidnsei\Ge boy!

— pungens, Description (dy ES Pal es Ss TV, oo
— tomentosa, ——....... Read OO
— UWA-UTS, — — 0... IV, 33
Arpbea cerulea, Occurrence of ....v, 120
— candidissima, — — ..........-: Vi IA0)
= GOA, = == omadcecs be boOOmeS sy abilte)
— herodias,——....... Notice sre Wa LEG,
— virescens, — —...... isis ta vere oi v, 120
ARENARIA biflora, — —..... een i, 150
— lateriflora, — —..........-...- i, 155
GER LCE —— ——'« ath sve eerste che cieie = acai i, 259
ARENETRA nigrita, —— .......... i, 206
ARGONAUTA O7gO, — —....+,----- I, 203
ARGYNNIS aphrodite, — —. .1, 175; 11, 191
— cybele, ——........ 1,175; ii, 191
ICON OSU ha — evn, «sais 5) 6:2 21s i, 189, 196
— enrynome, — —.......--..-1, 184, 196
— freya, ——....... Berets tesa i, 189
— helena, — — ..........20002222], 184
WEED ONIS, Los Sadia as oeee ne +s i, 184
AUD neem Re SpA eee ale ord li, 191
— myrind, —— .......4.. ry dlytaye sul, asl
— nevadensis, — —..... Seco , 184
ARGYROLEPIA quercifoliana, — —. .11, 148,
192

ArismMa dracontium,——........ hy LGR
ARISTIDA purpurea, Description of. iii, 171
Arizona, Antiquities of......... iii, 108
OLA Y Ole 0) 2h .d tte e erace es = iv, 29, 33
—, ’ Manufacture of pottery in....11, 32
—, ’ New grasshopper from....... ii, 124
_, ’ Occurrence of Ceanothus in... -v, 168

—, Solpugidee from. . .ii, 86; ili, 252, 257

ARKANSAS, Ancient mine in......v, 29

—— pottery POWs. Acide indore) Vy LeO

—, Crania from.............iv, 208, 246

— Plants Oho or nec eesti iv, 69

—_ ; Solpugidee LOUIS: Acne: . lil, 258
ARNOLD, MarrHew, Quotation from,

iii, 213

Arputa neglecta, Notes on...... sary!

Art, Aboriginal..... fi ae nate ee iii, 110

—, ISMILIVCL GY ae oes Rete. ray, JIA

?
— "(Remarks on aboriginal) i in Cali-
fornia and Queen Charlotte

island; W. J. Horrman..... iv, 105
ARTEMISTA « annua, Description of.iv, 29
-— frigida, Occurrence Ole Seta iv, 66
— serrata, ——..... OMe iii, 170, 171
_— tridentata, Sa A Se eucie nett collin, (ter
ARTESIAN WELL (An) at Moline ; W.

PRAT ere the ayers wapebas é iii, 181
— —, Record of.. Eaorerene iii, 128
— — — — paper on. Scere iv, 208
Arruur, J. C., Acknowledgment to, ‘

i 2

ee
oe J. C., Collection by..... ii, 126
, Contributions to the Flora of
Oeste ea aint Aan Ae 2 wads Mote 1, 126
— — — — — — — — NolIlIl...ii, 258
—— — IV .....1, 169
oo sa Vinccts) o cuss, Pd
———— — —— —VI>.....iv, 64
—, Valuable donation from .....ili, 25
ay RUCCOM OL yest std See uy 3
—, Presentation of collection by. .ii, 121
— Record of contributions by.. = iil
— — — paper by... .......65-:- ly, 23
==s Ditleroh was 4 eae iv, 211, 241
Arrices of Incorporation. .... Badiinoe te
— — —, Revision of ............. a 6b
ARZAMA obliquata, Occurrence of. .ii, 192
ASAPHES memnonius, ——........ i. 171
ASAPHIs deflorata, ——.......... Veuiliz
ASARUM canadense, — —.......-.. i, 162
ASCLEPIAS cornuti, ——.......... i, 161
— incarnata, ——..... Nice ees i, 162
— phytolaccoides, — —............ i, 162
— purpurascens, — —...... sok ee lgpedoe
GUM ORI ONE i ciareae ic ae li, 126
— speciosa, Description of ae iv, 69
— tuberosa, Occurrence of....... .-1, 162
— verticillata, — —........-.2.4-. i, 162
ASEMUM atrum,——............. i, 180
— moestum, — — ...-. 22. eee eoeoaly ew
AIS ETIGS MMA OUILGELS oa syeeetene orelateicliotel > iv, 197
Asuurst, Ricnarp, Testimonial to
R. J. Farquharson by....... iv, 202
IASTAL BotatyeOlmanaeseeien em rae iv, 29
—,Solpugide in............. : oe 254
Astpa convexicollis, Occurrence of. .i, 181
— elata, — —.......... oe ocee isl, 204
= (GIAO, = So sor th isvoh earache i, 181
— polita, ——..... Er irre sc i, 181
= SOT LU I se) athe eat halohas te lel
AstIo accipitrinus, — —........... v, 129
== WUSONLANUS; — — 2. oe aca nee V, 128

ASPIDIOTUS ancyclus ; J.D. PurnaM.ii,

Aspipium acrostichoides, Occurrence

CO) ANS FAB ECON Ors Le amc /ae lv, 68
— cristatum, Prediction of finding

OL Gaehmeiuat tion cee ein aes iv, 65
— filix-mas, ——— —.......... iv, 65
— goldianum, Occurrence of .....iv, 68
— lonchitis, — —....6........-24-- i, 149
_ marginale, Prediction of finding

Pe pager dieais Male deste ess FasL OO)
— noveboracense, —— ——...... iv, 69
— spinolosum, Noteson.......... iv, 75
-————" OCCURTENCE/OL hi. en seee iv, 68
— thelypteris, — — ..........--- iv, 68
ASPLENTIUM angustifolium, — —...iv, 67

— ebeneum, Prediction of finding of,
iv, 65

286

Page
AspLENIUM filix-faeminia, Occurrence

OEE anche Joke sive e to eue cls etels heise iv, 68
— thelipteroides, — —............ iv, 67
— trichomanes, Prediction of finding

GERD ADs Gh Oh te nee nies fc iv, 65
Asrata unicolor, Occurrence of... .i, 208
ASTARTE conradi, — —.........-- li, 246
— flabagella, — —. 1... ee eee li, 246
— triquetra, — —.........6 .000 li, 246
Aster amethystinus,-— — ........ li, 259
— dilmosus, — —......... 222005: li, 259
=| PLEGANS — ss bs vo ent ee oe reeiliayl
— erodes, — —.. 2 cence tees li, 126
— integrifolius, ——.......-....- ii, 152
— multiflorus, —— ........--..-- i, 158
— novi- -belgii, Abandonment of spe-

GIES Eris ciaper- tase eRe eictak ii, 261
— puniceus, Occurrence of ....... li, 259

— sagittifolius, ——........-.4.- ii, 259
SSH i et ee ee Oe li, 126
— tenuifolius, Shee e reyeiahe) site etete li, 126
ASTRAGALU s distortus, ——....... i, 156
— pihgeaate Sa oss canvlaeietiee ii, 259
AvT#NtIus abditus,- — —........1, 171, 208
— stercorator, — —........00200ee reer alyel
Avruyris subtilita, — —.......... ili, 107
— viltata, — —.......00-. li, 268; v, 108
ATKINSON, Be Blection of pe. oe i, 14
ATTAGENUS megatoma, Occurrence of,
i, 170
ATTALUS morulus, — —..........- i, 180
ATRYPA hystria, —-— ........-044- v, 108
— reticularis, — —... .1i, 263, 268; v, 108
MINUTOS (Vs fm eos cic are Eabicholegeters li, 268
AtTWATER, CALEB, Quoted on paleon-

EOLO OW rae Roca tengo eee eee li, 220
—, Reference to work of ........ iv, 303
Arwoop, H. T., Acknowledgment _

UO Seep eee alors Sosa e Sipe eens li, 224, 342
AUDITING COMMITTEF’s report ... .11, 212
AupouIn, Vicror, Reference to work

of on Solpugidee. .. .i1i, 286, 287, 290
AUGHEY, SAMUEL, € ited on man and

mastodon: 2. 6o sn. iv, 293
AUGOCHLORA pura, Occurrence of. .1, 209
AULOPORA iowensis, — —........- v, 107
— saxivada, — — ........0-.005- Vv, aye
AURICULA pellucens, — —.. 251; v, 68
Austin, E. P., Election joe ae i "198
—, Valuable donation by ....... lili, 14
AU strn, Mrs R. M., Discovery of

plant DY i coe oe ae sige iv, 53
AusrRaLtA, Donations from... All, 24, 43
POSS RA, ears Sh ta ile eyed ee ae ili, 41
Avey, O. H., Acknowledgment to.v, 81
AvicuLa ala-perdicis, Occurrence of,

v, 69*

— atlantica, — —....

1, 243; v, 69

|
|

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

AVICULA
species
— radiata, Occurrence of.........V,
AYERS, Enuan, Valuable donation
by bas sieve ae ean eet ive!
Ayers, Mary O., Election of. .... .1,
Ayers, Mrs D. D., Valuable dona-
tion DY eee
AYRES, Epwiy, Election of: .
Ayrnya affinis, Occurrence of .
americana, ——.......- ite
collaris, — —
mar ‘ila nearctica, ——......

cancellata, Founding of

e «selene 9,0 ee (ey me reie

IM, e ae

3aBcocK, D. D., Election of.......
Baxscock, .:J)., ———ee eee
Bascock, H. H., cited on Carex.
—-— , Election of aur: :
Basia pulla, Occurrence of .......
Basie, Reference to work of,
- on Solpugidee Saha
BackMANnN, J., Election of....... lv,
Bapr, F. B., Record of address by,
on electricity UNM OG roe: iv,
Barr, Kart Ernst von, Ci
Indian customs ..... Pes eb
Bauis, JoHN, Election of .......-11,
Baurt, WiiuraM, Collection by...v,
Barrp, Spencer F., Acknowledg-
ments to..... ii, iv, 216; iti, 135,
— cited on antiquities ..... «lak oN
— — — inscribed tablets .
=, (riticismior. 2s eee
—, Election of.........
— ’ Letters from, on pipes and tab-
lets. ..0s.:6 dee iv, 327,
— — —~— inscribed tablets..... -1v,
—, Memorial letter from....... -11i,
—, Quotation from letter of... .. iy,
— ’ quoted on inscribed tablets .
—, Record of death of,......... ei;
— — — letter from........i, 54; ii,
—, Reference to ornithologic cata-
logue of

.
* ete
-

Te
.iv, 2985 Vv,
—, Vote of thanks to...... Aste eile
Baker, H. B., Valuable donation by,
ili,

Baker, J. G., Acknowledgment to. y,
Baker, J. W. H., Valuable donation
Be tt, aoa «as Unga i Nave

—, Election of.........22see eee

286
69%

211
7

13
7
118
07
118
117
Bp li beg

109

16
13
70
134
173

298
213

244

123
167
50

155
278
263
332
128

329
342
215
235
wig
272
145

113
273
145

14
189

14
227

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

Baker, R. F., Election of......... 16
BAKER, Mrs R. 1 ee eee i, 80
Batcu, F. A., Appointment of, on

standing committee...... iv, 12, 207
—, valuable “donation |ohygencees ease iv, 207
—, Election of..... ee ree erect, ee
—— —. as treasurer. /.......... iv, 11
—\——, as trustee...:......-5.2. va, 221
—, Report of, as treasurer. iv, 214
BALpwin, E.B. , Resolution of thanks

LED) ots rc LOE EE Se Dao oes Sadee 128
—, Valuable donation by..... eri Oo
BALDWIN, Joun D., cited on antic jui-

HESetr ir nee ae eet iv, 277
— — — Indian culture ......... iv, 289
— quoted on Indian affinities ...iv, 288
Batuarp, Harian H., Reference to

marissa. ay 8 2 oes v, 214
BALuArD, JoHN W., Election of. .iv, 227
BALtorp, Sag soe an ef ease Lene Ce
Batuou, Mrs G. 1S ee Senda i16
Bamps, 'ANATOL ee ta Ree lii, 66
Bancrort, GrorcE, cited on Indian

customs Syehaieel aeoea aie eel a Sree ete Nite?
— — — — culture.............. iv, 289
— quoted on relics of mound-build-

Clie) saosG im Oates Sean a ee ae tr iv, 265
Bancrort, H. H., cited on copper

OLMamMents!=-.\> .- yniaels eevee easel 27
= == = TMOMMNGS co poop bee eoenbe ii, 109
— — — pre-historic cloth........ ly 1B
— quoted on antiquities of Califor-

TOT eee PS Sabet il, 114
= Indian rélies............. i, 103

— — primitive currency .
BANNISTER, J AMES, Acknow ledegment

Meee Seite ehcte 3 Wate ees, A athee she ii,
= BECHON OL see. ted. feeders iii,
BAprista leucantha, Occurrence of. i,
— leucophxa, — — 0. cece ee eee i,
BaRanius confinus, — —.......... Is
BarBAREA vulgaris, — —......... li,
Barskr, W. J., Election of, as hon-
orary THEMES OS ccs hee it:
Barser, Epwin A., cited on elephant
pipes ..... tine SEP eas lv,
eae SOLE Sees,
—, Valuable donation by vey? ii,

BARCENA, Martano, Valuable dona-
tion by

ERS ee Ac cr arte re eee ili,
— Blection OL eho nen ii,
BarpweEt., E. O., ——..... BS seed
Barroot, Josern L., — —....... ii,
—, Memorial letter from........ ill,
—, Record of ——........ Se ps ii.
—, Valuable donation by........ iii,
Bark lice, Investigation of ...... il,

— louse, A new. Ser tes sacle

esiiie 43, 46

iv
146
156
156
173
259

10

287

Page

Bark louse, Remedies for the... .ii, 337
— (The maple) louse (Lecanium aceri-

cola, W.and R.); J.D. PutNam.i, 37

Barker, GrorGe, Election of... iv, 227
Barter, A. U., Agency of, in ae

ing the Academy , 193

_, Amendment to Constitution by. an 32
—, Articles of incorporation by. 8
—, Election of, as director of mu-
SOUINIS Ss Seka eens Moss ef
77 7 NICE Ires@ent oo les ioe
— === == truste@ i... cc olsen: ee
—, Obituary resolutions on...... ts aly
= , Presence of, at organization meet-
AN ee nee We CARE ee ot Soe al
—, Record of exhibition lob ewpanac? Ty Bs
— — — paper by...:........ sited ae
—, Resignation of, as trustee...... i, 40
BARNARD, CHARLES, Election of. .iy, 211
BARNARD, F. A. P., Record of letter
PROT sea FOR At aie e ks ene i, 60
Barnes, W. E., Letter from, on pipes
sinh teeta ee) oes ye ae ly, 305
—, Bere ofietier from? 9s... v, 203
BARR, 'S..9:, Dlection of . 2. ..2.- lil, 13
BARRANDE, "JOAc ui, Valuable dona-
GION Ns isn tetls sic eee iii, 25
Barrerre, Lypra O., Election of ..i, 76
Barris, W. H.; A defense of our
localpeclagy. <4 (24.5 vuei bate Vee
—, Acknowledgments to ........ iv, 254
—; Annual address..... BE SS i, 75
—, Appointment of, on memorial
committee. Oy. 00 Ha ili, 185
— — — — nominating committee,
lii, 186
— — — — standing committee. .ii, 218;
iii, 67, 107, 161; iv, 12,
207, 240 ; v, 200, 217, 247
—, Blastoids collected by ....... iv, 76
—'cited on needs of the raenapaae
, 159
==; Collection! by2.2% ...4 222s. a 96

—-; Descriptions of some new blas-
toids from the Hamilton group,

iv, 88
; Descriptions of some new crin-
oids from the Hamilton group,

98

—, Election of, as president. .i, 85; ii, 1
—-—-—-— .geologicsection....ii, 24
————— of section: 22. .<\.. ii, 105
— — — — trustee...... 2, (on aler
iii, 161; iv, 240; v, 245

; New fossils from the ee

formation of Davenport ..... 282
—; Notes on our local uooloay
NORM ren Main, Se ret ses Palle

288

Page

Barris, W. H., Obituary resolutions
by 4 AAS Soa eR ae iii, 82
—, Presentation of fossils by .iii, 127, 162
—, Purchase of library of......... ty a yl

_—, ’ Record of papers by. .ii, 184, 207 ; iti,
146); AV, lV; 7 3°¥, 218, 259, 265

—, Reference to papers by Hoya Hh
— — — work of ........ ui, 18, 124, 209;

ii, 6, 100,127, 150, 156; v, 197
—, Report of, as committee on C. T.

Hindley .).t. = sale honheits oye sie v, 221
—-— on animal carvings,
CUC ere peers on hae eine lv, 248

——— publication ‘committee by,
ili, 11; iv, 225, 237 ; a 268
— ; Stereocrinus, Barris (revised). .iv, 102
; The local eeology of Der capo

” and Vicimiby 25.90)./2 solar tioned li, 261
—, Title of paper by............ iv, 212
a, Writer ton Mies pak sl v, 215, 232
Barroetra, Gregorio, Election of. ii, 232
— , Record of letter from......... iii, 95
Barros, CHarLEs, Valuable dona-

tion ONS sae eakietethe Ae ohare ili, 25

—, Election of .......... li, 57 ; ili, 67
—, Memorial letter from ........ ili, 224

Barron, Reference to work of,
on Solpugidee Dee eek ee ili, 298
Barrows, ., Contr ibution of por-
traits oy hte e eee v, 197

—, Valuable donations by . iii, 25; iy, 228
Barvuert, , Collection by.. ii, 251

BARtcern, dis R., Sponsor for Squier

ARM DAVIS. #<0 42) ee elo iv, 289
Barrramta longicauda, Occurrence
0 Upham Oe RINE a lah nas v, 123
Barrscu, Curisr., Mounds on farm
GEIS Been Aad te aor ais iv, 198
Basats, Morphologic definition of,
aA ater
Bassus orbitalis, Occurrence of ....i, 206
— sycophanta, ——....... Aa aes i, 206
== maculifrons, — — ..0... bees ees i, 206
Bateman, M. B, cited on bark lice,
ii, 297
Baur, Grorar, Acknowledgment to,
Wig p tol
Bayttrs, Henry, Election of...... Leo
Brat, W. J., Endorsement of..... i, 30
—, Provision for lectures by...... ee)
—, Record of — —........ Sherer. i, 32
Bran, J. L., Election of .3...- epee RNG
Brar, Occurrence of...-... oP son Pegs)

Bess, M.S§., cited"on Carez......iv, 70
BEAUCHAMP, W. M., Letter from, on

pipes and tablets..........- iv, 306
Brcxer, A., Reference to work of, on
Solpugidee . . sa SES: Sate aol Nila 40,0)

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Brecker, Gustav, Election of... ..iv, 297
BrckMANNIA, Description of genus. iv, 29
— erucxformis, Description of....iv, 29
—— , Occurrence Of Ree ssteliver 26
3Eps of Carboniferous drift in the
bluffs of East Davenport ; TYLER
McW HO8TER ... ) Jac one ees
Brrcuer, C. E., Collection by....v, 5
— cited on Pyrgulopsis nevadensis.v, 9
— quoted on lingual dentition. .v, 2, 11
Brenr, Herman H., Acknowledg-

MENG Os eee re! 19S san 23
—, Association of with J. D. Put-

nam. Jt See eee Cals Bs ee RUU OD
—, Election of.......... sole a 2p

—, Letter from . 2: .5.. 2202 See
_, ’ Memorial letter from....... sii e222
BrEurens, James, Collection by. .iii, 257,

266
—, Hlection ofee anes a3 e ees
BEIDERBECKE, CHARLES, — —....1i, 202
Bexa plicata, Occurrence of ......11, 234
Bevpine, L., Collection by....... v, 26
BELFRAGE, G. W., = —....0.2- li, 184;
lil, 3, 251, 275
‘—, Election.of ace e ase PAu LAS
— quoted on Solpugidee..... «= 2 Lg 263
—, Valuable donation by .......i1i, 56
Brtaium, Donations from..... . iii, 40
Beii, CLarK, Record of communi-
cation from i.e.) ee v, 260
BELL, J., Reference to work of, on
Solpugidee EAC hc Ree ally (9)
Bry, W. A., Reference to publica-
tion ‘by s\.%4 cee | caeiety Ae
BELLunt, 5 OSEPH, "Letter from, on
pipes and tablets ..........- iv, 314
Ber, Toomas, Valuable donations
by.. wo Alaa 6 diel d-k ie Ee ME ae
Bieeee < fasciata, Occurrence of. i i, 194, 208
— nubilipennis, ——.......-.....1, 208
BemeBrpium 6-punctatum, — — ... = 200
— bifossilatum, —— . ........... i, .202
— cautum, — — 2... cee eeet ee ee ed, 202
— cordatum, ——............-1, 200, 202
— funerium, ——... wees eeee eed, 199
— lucidium, — —.... 1,190, 199, 202
— nebraskense, — —.......+++1, 191, 202
— nevadense, — — ... ee sle lee) ene 1,199
— nitidulum, ——......-- et. ee
— pictum, — — 2.0. eens ey 200, 202
— rapidus, — —..........+--1, 178, 202
— umbratum, — —.......... i 190, 200
— versicolor, — —....eeeeeereee+ el, 202
— vile, — —... 2 ss dnccenlne ee eee

BENDIX, CHar.es, Election of. . . viv, 222
BENEDIX, Cireis., Valuable donations
by. Wee v, 276

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

Bennett, T. W., Acknowledgment
Olga tae cies eee i copes e pas Va aoe
Benson, H. H., Election of ....... 1, “42

BENTON, California, Aboriginal ete h-
ings near ..... Wace s Ae ets wionel ov Thi LUE
Brerwup As, Fauna ines ot Sees Sh
Brrosvs str iatus, Occurrence of....i, 178
Berryuriy, J. H., Election of... .. i, 64

—, Valuable donations by. .i, 76, 225; ii,
50, 57; ii, 44, 46; iv, is: GEV, 294"
228, 229, 925

Berrneror, Saprn, cited on aborig-

Vis Gee Flo (21s agen aaa Re iy, la?
Berrno.p, A. A. , Reference to work

of, on ’Solpugidee ay poor ili, 287
Brrrnovn, E. L., Election of..... li, 128

;E xplorations i in Idaho and Mon-
hangin US7Sieisecy se cee lii, 838

—, Letter from, on pipes and tablets,
iv, 313

, Record of papers by .. .iii, 99; v, 276
—, Valuable donations by...... iv, 13, 23
BeErtILion, J., cited on crania ....i, 110
Beruta an gustifolia, Occurrence ‘of,

ili, 169
Sy MONy MOL, iio fei eee we im, 172
Brrwatp, Jorn, Election of ..... li, 153
Bessey, Cartes K., Acknowledg-
ments tO.1. 02. ii, 126, 258 ; iv, 27, 65
—Golleetion:. by..2..... Ashok veo il, 126
FE OCHLOM OL oho nie feed oes oe 2 = li, 128
aH Memorial letter from........ ily Prey
mlext book by, citeds 12. 4. 4. < iv, 64
_, ; Valuable donation |O gaeiees e oy 26
Brrnunn, C. J.S., Election of . , 128
BreruLa papyracet, Occurrence of. i, 163
Breiiograpny of J. D. Putnam. .iii, 245
See een O UIE adh) a8, le ere 5 hid, 279
Bivens cernua, Occurrence of ..... i, 159
— frondosa, —-— oe. ee cee ees i, 159
ES Jon, Election of....., iv, 213
, Reference to observation by ..v, 186
—, Valuable donation by....... iv, 23
Browe LL, Mrs Jonn, — — —....iv, 228
Brerstapt, KE DWARD, Acknowledg-
HULME UO his vleie Aveta eeiala gee ate Te 4g
Bia Bone rick, Fossil bones in...ii, 112
Biiisera, G. J., Reference to work
of, on Solpugidee bis ib te ee ili, 286
BILLINGS, E., cited on crinoids. . Liv, 78
Brutus, J. On eet Olean. 1 74
Dries, Mors J. 'C5 ——. be eee ee i, 83
Biya, : Grail on Grave creek
SEOMMO eee Nerve aieee eye cela li, 106
Brnxtey, S. H., Letter from, on pipes
and tabletst si, -oi.e.5 0s)... iv, 311
Binney, W.G. , Acknowledgement to,
ii, 18

[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.]

37

Bryyey, W.G., cited on Truncatella. ii, 259

, Election aap ge i eee ae
Reie ne of R. J. Farquharson. iy,
Bro.oaic section, Organization of. ii,
Standing rales of: 2. ...... ii,
——, Worle of.
Birps (Pr eliminary. annotated cata-

logue of the) of lowa; CrariEs

R. Knyrsand H.S. Witi1aMs. V;
BIsseL, W. P., IMECHE OP Soak LV,
31IPTIUM nigrum, Occurrence of ...v
a varium, a a falvaapalis 'e/-ayla te

of PNG kG tice eee rata ii,
Briackmon, P. S., Election of..... jal.
BLACKSIA Ww, te rn Pee ie

Bratr, A. E., Letter from, on pipes
and tablets. .

ere oa yetone ates iv,
Bruakg, W. P., cited on ancient Mex-

EAGLE RAE eS ea Meer ee Pg os 2 iit,
> = HURON CS cm en oud coer iii,

BiancHarp, E., Reference to work
2 ae
of, on Solpugider.. .

BLANb, THomas, Acknowledgment
COW tra eee ese tae a Need Bea il,
— cited on Auricula pellucens..... il,
stHlectionmlotieesscs as cease. oe ii,

nena s moestus, Occurrence of. 1,
— metallicus, ——..... eer edie
— pratensis, — —
Briasrorps (Descriptions of some
new) from the Hamilton group ;

W ELS BARRIS< 5: «5 Se aeeeries IV,
— (On a new genus and species of) ;
Crartes WAcHSMUTH....... IV,

Briatrcurorp, EK. W., Election of, .ii

Buiaunerta heteroclita, Notes on. . .1i,
— —, Occurrence of............. V,
Buecurus lucidus, — — .......... ie

Buss, H.S., Election of.......... Ue
Burrs (Report on a geological ex:
amination of the section of the)
recently exposed by the C., R.
Trand Res Wo El PRraca. ei
Biumenpacn, J. F., cited on races,

iv,

—, Reference to work of, on Solpu-
CIGEE A eee eee gan
3LUMER, A., Acknowledgment to. 8b
—, Certificate from.............. ii,
—, ’ Collection LON ie Gaecan ase Nee Ve
— Blection:Ofeswer tetas a) as ciee lil,
—; Explorations of mounds in
Louisa county, lowa...... Senile

—, Finding of elephant pipes by.iv, :
335,

—, Record of exhibition by..... ili,

—, Valuable donation by

.111, 293, 294,

113
227
47
60

183
118
7

310

115
115

300

929

404

251
BHD

ae

201

72, 173
i, 181, 190,

204.

261,
340
130

17

[May 25, 1893]

290 DAVENPORT ACADEMY
Page
Boa constrictor (Post mortem examin-

ation ofa); R.J.FARQUHARSON..1i, 230
Boarp of health, Connection of R.

J. Farquharson with........ iv, 204
Bopy, Morphologic definition of.iv, 77
Borrarn, Pierre, Reference to work

of, on Solpugidee i
Bonanper, H. N., Election of..... A,
BoLBocERAs lazarus, Occurrence of.i,
— tumefactus, ——...... Saket
Boterosoma olmstedi ozarcanum, — —.

v, 78, 79

Bo.inceEr, J. W., Election of....v, 247
Botuinerr, O. L., — — .........1v, 241
Bomepus borealis, Occurrence of... ? 210
— flavifrons, ——........ ey eee ee UU,
— fervidus, ——....... , SP 9, 210
— pennsylvanicus, — —..........- Ri 210
== SCDOT OLUS, — —— 511s «516 5,2 00/2 oie = § i, 210
— ternarius, ——............ i, 189, 210
— virginicus, ——....... ere epaA tet Zo
Bonasa umbellus, ——........-.- v, 124
Bones from mounds (see ‘skeletons).
Bones, P. B., Election of ...... eee gle
Bonn [er] Me Epwanrp, Reminiscences
Ob. oe cieen kak ete Seas ii, 135
Boornsy, G. W., Examination of
mounds lowe ees Bisnis Se tide ii, 83
Boreext, A., Certificate from ....ii, 98
—, Acknowledgment tON. <6) canis ni 7 Ge
Borany, Contributions LOE eee iv, iii

— of California. iii, 174; iv, 31, 38, 48, 69 ;
y, 166, 175, 185

— — lowa..d; 153: Ti, 126, 258 iii 169:
iv, 27, 64
Bae GAD. Le tde oes sos eres i, 145
—, Work of Academy in. .ii, 121; iii, 2;
iv, iv
Boraurus evilis, Occurrence of....v, 119
— lentiginosus, ——......... SE SoM men)
BoTHRIDERES geminatus, ——..... st 170
Borrycarum ternatum, Notes on. 74
— —, Oceurrence of . SR AES ee aes 67
— virginianum, — at SA Toten eet vey sor
Bormers; Primitive 2242. -. ecu iv, 171
Boruia semen,,Occurrence of ..... v. 69*
Borys verticalis, Sa Arye Cr li, 192
BourE.ovua oligostachya, ——....iii, 170

Bownprircu, Henry L., Memorial let-

ter from aoe as) ocohaeatancnatets (oo viii, 2A
Bowers, STePHEN, quoted on spies

and tablets............. EalVanooD
Bowman, A. M., Election of.. Vy 202
Bowman, C., Valuable donation by..i, i, 214
Bow MAN, G | ae ee ee iv, 208

Bowman, J. R., Acknowledgment to.i, 28
—, Appointment of, on “standing
committee......... Recto lV ei ke,wee

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Bowman, J. R., Election of.. wedy” JO
—, Record of communication by. ili, 149

Bowm AN, 8. C., Valuable donation
Dyn angie Soa Mi. or
, Record of ———....... , L956

Boy D, JOSEPH Acknowledeanage ae Y, 81

BracnyacantHa albifrons, Occur-
rence of. eee Seite -\: stately bse
BRACHYNUS conformis, — —......1, 178
— slygicornis, ——....+.....+++-1, 202
Bracuys terminous, —— .......-i, 191

BracHystoLa magna, Notes on.i, 259, 265
Brackert, A. G., Acknowledgment

tOx,;,.:.)52 are 2 cds Sede ae ROL
Braptey. C. C., Election of .... Ju, 88
BRADYCELLUS “califor nicus, Occur-
rence Of... \...4.5. sae See een ge 1)
— COGNALUS, — — 6 os 26 wins weno ee i, 190
Brarnarp, D. W., Acknowledgment
LOLs seer « da. Satete op SL
BRANDEGEE, T 'S, Association of,
with J.D. Putnam.......- li, 23:
— cited on Ceanothus...... See NE ley
—, Election Of: tee eeeeee esa 28
BRANDT, , Resolution of thanks
TO . nb ie ce eee eee iv, 249
BRANTA canadensis, Occurrence of.v, 118
— — hutchinsii, ——......... one 5 mele
BrasEniA peltata, — —..........1i, 259-
BRASSICA nigra, ——....... ...-4, 155
— sinapistrum, ——......... See LOD
Braun, H., Certificate from......ii, 98
BRAUN, A., cited on ferns........iv, 74
Brayton, ——, cited on antiquities,
iii, 114
Brazin, Donations from ....... viii, 23
—, Primitive art in, cited ....... iv, 114
BRENDEL, Emit, Election of .... ii, 81
BRENDEL, FREDERICK, cited on Eleo-
chars... . 11.15.59 eee 70
—, Election of..:....o:s- a2) 2e
—, Record of translation by.....iii, 129
—, Reference to library of ......1ii, 306
Brewster, W. C., Election of..... i, 48
—, Valuable donation by .......iii, 61
Bric-A-Brac Cius (THe), Acknowl-
edgments to ...-... li, 5, 67
Brinton, Dante. G., cited on ‘Florida
shell mounds. .......++++- li, 226
— —— Indian art.......... »- LV, 289
—, Letter from, on pipes and tab-
HEES ers BA - a.a/ale gate e ee LOE
— quoted — — — —........iv, 332, 337
— — — the antiquity of man ...iv, 346
—, Record of letter from.........v, 203
British America, Donations from,
il, 22
British Cotumeta, Indians of...iy, 311

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

a Aboriginal art in, bee
112

Barer gibberulum, Occurrence of
li, 250

Brrrron, N. L., Acknowledgment
(FO) os 5 cpacaicers Oreo cn rea lv, 66
BroapHEAD, G. C., Election of #..ii, 45
—, Valuable donations by... .i, 23, 225°
lia 26
Brocr, R. A., —— —...... iii, 26
Bronson, C. E., Election of ...... iisc3

Brotuers, Parisu, Collection by,

iv, 52, 58
Brouauam, Lorp, Quoted on scien-

Lh CRvyOlka ear eeeteiion A sieve yi 240,
Brous, Harry A., Election of.. 128
Brown, C. J., Election of ....... ith 129
Brown, C: \LEB, Acknowledgment to,

Wh, till
Brown, Joun, Collection py ae v, 66
BROWN: Jey as oe idea cee v, 69
Brown, L. B, “pleetion Ofe3 Pa eo
Brown, Maniny es ——..... Mts PO
Brown, .Mary-E., — —.0.....5..1l, 81
Brown, 8. E, Mitten eerste We eo
— , Valuable ages by, for Griswold

(QO eiee Mee SG ots So Ome ui, 162
Brown, W. J., Acknowledgment to,

v, SI
Brucuus seminatum, Occurrence of.i, 173
3RUNELLA vulgaris, ——......... i, 161
Bryant, S. P., Election of ........ tae ke
Bryant, Mrs 's. P. Appointment of

on standing committee ..... ih, (yy)
Buso virginianus, Occurrence of..v, 130
— — subarcticus, —— .......... Vere
BucHanan, ANDREW, cited on left.

handedness. Bee eet gee li, 186
Bucuiork dactyloides, Description of,

iv, 70
— —, Occurrence of ...........: iv, 67
Buenos Ayres, Primitive art in. .iv, 113

BuFraLo remains from mounds. . ae 104
Burrvum, Rinnau, Election of..... i, 64
BuILpiNe (AcADEMY) ), First work on,
ui, 150
Butimutus dormani, Occurrence of,
uh 67
—— OT LELINUS, ——=——= ai is soe t sana, 48
— multilineatus, ——........ .V, 48, 66
Buxinus Aypnorum, ——........ ii. 166: :
ii, 13, 18
Buuua occidentalis, — —.. 249: v, 64
SSCL aa LP eee Se d.as Wa 10
— undata, — == 0. ees s ec cenes .V, 64
Bunker, ANDREW, Election of ....i, 3

BunsEN, CHRISTIAN C. J., cited on
Egyptian history .......:....1, 128

291
Page
Bupestris maculiventris, Occurrence
OF Vea: ACE ..i, 180, 199
— TrUsticorwm, —— —. 2.206. 00. ee. iy 199
Burcuarp, W. J., Record of paper
leer b hon onan Hosoi iy, 249
Burcuti1, Rosert, Election of. ..iv, 227
Burpick, A., Appointment of, on
standing committee......... ii, 219
—, Election SOD SA eae li, 184
Burpicx, Mrs A., Appointment of,
on standing committee ..... ii, 67
PITLECHONIOlepansveiiata wees li, 184
Bere Au oF ErHNnoLoay, Acceptance
of proposal by.....- she 43 iets iv, 228
= eAvitiiidelOLnias vance ae aeeane iv, 255
==) (Cinhionsinn Cite 5 Segaacc iV, 2ol veel
—, Denial of statements by. .iv, 250, 254
—, Engravings furnished by ... iv, 236
—, Illustrations — —........... lv, 23
—, Resolutions concerning......iv, 252
— —— publications of.......... v, 201
Burcess, Epwarp, Election of... ii, 128
Bureess, R., Acknowledgments to,
ii, 126, 258; iii, 169
eC HON Olena tye tal tne ee ae ii, 128
Buku IsTER, Hermann, Reference to
work of, on Solpugidie Si dane iii, 290
BuRNELL, Luy IDAHO Olenocaantls LO
—, Record of letter from.......... 28,9
BURNSIDE, James E., Record of com-
munication es sige oa anel eats roi We)
Burr, CHarzes P., Election of... au, Bll
Burr, JOHN C., Collection Diya Ht 3
Burris, Howarp, Donation by ..i11, 133
Busco, —— , cited on sunshice
WrouMnat se: shbSe ance Sieve i, 93
Busu, Mrs E. A. eee oe IV) 169
Bu SHNELL, Hi. T., Election of ....iii, 68
Bureo bor ealis, Occurrence afio, So alig UY
— latissimus, — — 1.1.0... 0c ee
— swainsont, — — .......-..-,

Burier, A. G., Reference to

on Solpugidee. .
Burier, GEORGE

ments to ..¢
Butter, JAmes D.,
—, Record of address
— — — exhibition by .

Gg. the: |
—, Reference to lecture by.. sea :

- his A hy as
~Acknowleds.

i, 258 : ite &

Chae)

oe Valuable donations by.....its 26
Burrmrniies Colorado aca. seer. 1, 182
BY AAS tetra eiae 1h By Oh wotels ¥ 250
—, Adoption of ....ii, 13; ili, 94; v, 258
—, Amendments to..... i, 18, 24, 33) 63 ;

ii, 2, 3, 4, 5, 12, 20, 117; iii, 127,

146, 162; iv, 2 210, 23

— of geologic section............ ii, 15
=o = REGIONS) Ged giv save hae Aste AL Oe

iW@RK
<ctBngt “al! INC 4

292
ce
Byers, WiiitAM N., Election of. . ay
BYRNES, RAM iss ee woth cee eee ® 128
BYTHINELLA monroensis, Occurrence
(i) Ree RTs tna s,s et a v, 61

Casie, G. W., Enrollment of, as life

MERIDEr.. ncn ee ee iv, 249
CacaLta suaveolens, Occurrence of.i, 159
— tuberosa, — —.-. 2... cece nee: i, 159
Ca:cuM floridanum, — —...11, 240; v, 58
RUE — hs ake Lis eabearkad ii, 240
— pulchellum, Eon one a€ Vs OS
Oa xsiracla,, — 522 an dee nee Se i, 164
CALAMAGROSTIS stricla, — —..... iv, 28
CaLatHus dubia, — —............ i, 190
— gregarius, — —..........-- hese SLO
FUN OMOTUS tray Pe waa hiclnesaiers aks Tey LVS:
Cacartius lapponicus, ——......V, 141
— pictus, — —.........:. Jee DVL AZ
CALCEOCRINUS barrisi, ——....... li, 266

CaLpEerwoop, M. H., Election of.v, 228
CALDWELL, JAmeEs, Mention of, in

Putnam genealogy ......... ii, 199
Caxioun, JoHn C., — — — — —. iii, 199
CaALipris arenaria, Occurrence of..v, 122

Cauirornta, Aboriginal art in ...iv, 105
—, Ancient human bones from. .iv, 276
—, Botany of. .iii, 174; iv, 31, 38, 48, 69;

v, 166, 175, 185

—, Donations from..... ii, 59; iil, 19, a
—, Horned toads from.......... Au 22
—, New lily from ....... eae wae ii, 188
== Orbhopteradrom:,, ) 2.2.56. 2c54 i, 250
—, Solpugidee from....... ii, 36% iii, 252
Cauirornia, Lower, Flora of. v, 17, 187
—, New plant from: + 6s 26

CALKINS, W. W.: Catalogue of pe
marine shells of Florida, with
notes and descriptions of several

FIONN SPECIES Yes ci SM arcech, SoS li, 232
—, cited on Florida shells........ v, 47
—, Collection by. .:.. tats A eh lis 73
= ICChON JO sche week Sh eke ws li, 205
—, Record of address by........: li, 224
=== donation by siis. 220. ii, 214

—, Reference to paper by....... ii,» 2

pie Some notes of personal investi-

gation among the shell mounds
efiPloridal :.2¢) ni bhai Mie 225
—, Valuable donations by. ii, 202 ; ili, 14,
45, 56; iv, 24

Cau, Ricuarp ELisworrn, Election
Ole ly. sioheusdogs iass/es Ph) SEF EONS OE

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES,

Page
Cau, Richarp Extisworrn; Memo-
randa ona collection of fishes
from the Ozark region of Mis-
souri.. ote Salva
—; On cer tain recent, Quaternary
and new fresh-w ater mollusca.. v, 1
—, Recotd of papers by .iv, vi; v, 218, 260
—and Harry A. Pruspry; On Pyr-
gulopsis, 2 new genus of rissoid
mollusk, with descriptions of

two. new formisi:)- 25.5 eevee,
CALLIMORPHA dominula, Occurrence

OLE C35 ae ate oo: yd ie aR ee
— hera, = == ke ee eee ii, 273
— interr upta- marginata, Hybrid of. ii, 275
— lecontei, ——..... wiles Bk pe
—-—, Occurrence Of .........-. sie 76
CALLIMOXIS sanguinicollis, — — ...i, 172
Cauuista gigantea found in shell

mounds .\.. 23 eee i Sisters
— —, Occurrence of.............1i, 246
— maculata, — —..........-.---1l, 246
CaLLorpEs nobilis, ——...... ef ‘172 , 208
CALLONEMA lichas, "Se ee See ” 107
CALOPTENUS bivittatus, Notes on.i , 261, 266
— femur-rubrum, — —........... e 260
— occidentalis, — —...... Soil eo

— picticornis, Founding of species. ie 124

— spretus, Indian name for.. . i, 192
— —, Noteson......... i, 187, 260, 265
CALopreron terminalis, — —...... i, 173
— typicum, Occurrence of.... ar. 171, 173
CALOPUS augustus, ——..........- i, 182
CaLosoma calidum,—— ..... os Ayo
— luxatum, ——........ pile SAEED
— tepidum, ——..... Jeeaeds ey oe Wile
Cara palustris, ——.......-. ..1, 154

— —, Vernal appearance of......i1, 134
CaLvine SAmueEL, Election of.....ii, 128
—, Report of, as memorial commit-

TEC oc cia oe tceeeeee kk eee
—, Tribute to J. Duncan Putnam by,
iv, 212
—, Valuable donation by ....... iii, 14
CaLypTr&A candeana, Occurrence of,
v, 56
CALYSTEGIA sepium, ——......... L261

Catyx, Morphologie definition of. i iy, (a
Cameripgr Enromo.ocicaL CLUB
(Tux), Memorial proceedings of,
iii, 248
CamBrinae, O. P., Reference to work
of, on Solpugidee.. , 002
CAMNULA (?) pellucida, Notes on...i, 258
CAMPANULA americana, Occurrence
CS) REE so + sowtok led ore See
— aparinoides, — —..... 225.2% «cay 169
— rotundifolia, —— ............ ci 160

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V. 29

Page

CaMPBELL, J. D., Acknowledgment
GORE Rees ete oe Ach orto os, bie iv Vv
CAMPBELL, W. Ee Election of..... ‘ie aon

—, Record of communication by..i, 28
CaMmpPELoMa floridense, Occurrence of,

Vai Ol
—lima,——..... Te ee hasmieiaeranVeyey OL
CAMPOPHYLLUM nanum, — —..... v, 107
Campostoma anomalum, — —...v, 74,

Camprosorus rhyzophi yllus, Descrip-
[AUONEN,. LONE eyes ech cog a eeet Be eel, BAO
— —, Occurrence of ............ iv, 68
Cana pA, Donations from. ii, 64; iii, 22, 38
CANADIAN Enromoroaist (THE), Ref-
erence to work of, on Solpugid: e,

3

ili, 5
Canary Isianps, Etchings from,

TED EGU tsi cial Hoe eis, ah sieeve VAD iv, 112
Cansy, W. M. , Election Oli ga NAN li, 128
CANCELEARTA reticulata, Occurrence

OLA ean acta ee: li, 235; v, 46, 53
— — found in shell mounds..... ii, 228
— stimpsoni, Founding of species.ii, 250
— —, Occurrence of..:.:........ v, 53
CANDEE, FREDERICK A., Election of,

iii, 66
CANNABIS sativa, Occurrence of... .i, 16:
CantHarus cancellaria, ——......V, 51
— coromandelianus, — —...... Soo ul
=U HO) nov oo aoe neue cue v,, ol
— tincta, ——....... oe tee HOS ee mane
CANTHON LEB Be Faas sees Moers i, 173
Carsuna bursa- -pastoris, Blossoming
Oleg ehaaes 3 Roe eee ese ell. LO

—— , Occurrence Oi ene actons Biel laa %e ii, 202
—-—, ’ Vernal appearance of..... sii, 13
CapuLus intortus, Occurrence of...v, 57

— subrufus, ——...... sPelegasese so Vague, OU
CARABUS agassizi, — sl 7/33 190, 199
CARBONIFEROUS dane nore Ee iii, 129
CarDAMINE cordifolia, Occurrence of,

i, 149
Sw US ULC eo Se syst ces ietace ss ...1, 154
— rhomboidea, ——........... aerate line
CaRDINALIs cardinalis, — —...... v, 145
CarpiopHorus fenestratus, — — ...i, 180
CARDITA floridana, — —..ii, DAG : v, 66*
Carpium bullatum, —— . .ii, 245; v, 65*
— isocardia, — —.......- ii, 245; v, 65*
— magnum,——..... DAD ; Vv, "46, 65*
— media, — —..... Siawec ahs il, 252’: v, 65*
— muricatum, — —....... li, 245; v, 65*
— pelitianum, — —........... Panic (aay

Carpwe tt, J. R., Election of ....ili, 139
CAREX alopecoidea, Occurrence of. li, 260

— chordorhiza, —— ........... viv, 27
= (COOK e— ns aia occ Shee nUViwe 12

— conjuncta, ——......... Cpe 200

3
Page
Carex crus-corvi, Occurrence of... li, 260
— deweyand, — — ........ .eee. iv, 28
Sea) Cie a we el i, 149
— Yfiliformis, Doubtful — —..... iv, 66
— granularis, —— ............ iii, 170
— limosa, —— ........... Pores iv, 28
— meadi, Description of......... LV C0)
— —, Occurrence of ............ iv, 67
— monile, — —.........- Pease rie PAS
— oligocarpa, — —.............. li, 260
— pedunculata, — —............. li, 260
— pseudo-cyperus, — —.......... iv, 67
— pubescens, — —.........- Bere ae iv, 28
— retrorsa, — —.......... Sf Ase ive, 20
— richardsoni, — —............. ili, 170
— Piparid, — — 2... cece eens ili, 170
= SUCU sink rete 2e tyeiatan Lp DS
-— SQUQTTOSA, — —....-....00---- ii, 260
— stellulata, — —..............- iy, 28
— straminea, ——........ i, 260; iv, 28
— teretiuscula, —— ............. ii, 170
— tetanica, — —.. 1.2... eee eee a 260
— trichocarpa, — —...... li, 260; ii, 170
CARINIFEX newberryi, ——..... ; i 132
Cart, E. S., Enrollment of, as life
TEM aN aes th anes iv, 249

CARLETON, FRANK, Election of...iv, 227
CARLYLE, Tomas, Quotations from,

yy eA ie

CarMICHAEL, H., Election of ....iii, 94

CARMICHAEL, J. E., ——........li, 6

CARPENTER, H., — —.......... eran, Westy
Carpenter, P. Hrrperr, cited on

hibtoids.es0 vaca eee iv, (6
CARPENTER, WILLIAM B., Election of,

as honorary member........ i, 78
Carpenter, WititAmM P., Reference

to work of, on Solpugidee.. . .iii, 293
CarPINUS americana, Occurrence of, 168

CARPODACUS purpureus, — —- ..... v, 140
CaRPoPHius discoideus, ——..... i, 179
— pailipennis, — —.......... saved LTD
Carr, Lucten, cited on Indian art.iv, 289
-- , Election GER Mca aa yas li, 128

Carson footprints, Discussion of.iv, 213

Carstens, Gustav, Election of....ii, 16
Carrer, GEORGE W.,——....... rt, Ey
Carter, M. C., Acknowledgment to,
iv, 27
JaRTER, Mrs M. C., — —. .iii, 169; iv, 66
CaRyING Am clenita a sar ete ser ‘ii, 138
—, Notes on primitive....... ee eriig alllyy
Carya alba, Occurrence of........ i, 163
<I ORCI Gin dias nie = 2 /e's averse ie i, 163
— sulcata, — —....:.... Seatac i, 163
CARYCHIUM exiguum, —— ..... v, 47, 68
CassELL, M. H., Election of ..... rh CRE

Cassia chamecrista, Occurrence of.i, 157

294 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF
742
Cassta marilandica, Occurrence of.i, 157
CassIDA 6-punctata, ——........ a 181
CASSIDULA coronus, ——..... ae eee BOO
CassipuLus corona found in shell
MOUNASs 4 Sees clase eae oe ji, 22 28
Cassis cameo, Occurrence of ..... fie 20
v, 46, 54
— granulosa, — — .......-.....- li, 23

madagascarensis found in mounds,
i, 108, 113

— sulcosa, Occurrence of ......... v, 954
——WUDET OSH, ——* ——* aceite oss Vo
CASTILLEIA coccinea, — — ei 160: li, 20
— pallida, — — ... . ee cee cee eee i, 150
CaTENtTrorA, Structure of genus . = 85
CATHARTES aura, Occurrence of. . 126
CaTLIn, GEORGE, quoted on pote
toric Gloth!< Sieeeete eee soe i 131
CarocaLa faustina, Occurrence of. .i, 198
— Gnmubens, — on once cee cess 7 192
— meskei, ——..... LUNG Sherer a tiste 192
— neogama, —— ......... reas | cp b
— neoparta, — —....... eo nee li, 192
— paleogama, — —.........-..4-- ii, 192
— ultronia, — —............ Seg! LS
Caton, J. D., Election of......... li, 128
Catostomus teres, Occurrence of.v, 74, 79
Caverns, Ancient....... li, 265; 111, 163
CavLopnyiiumM thalictroides, Occur-
TENCCNOL Reet See ete i, 154
Caunopora planulata, — —.......v, 107
Cranotuus, L.; C. C. Parry..... v, 185
— (The North American genus),
with an enumerated list and
notes and descriptions of sey-
eral Pacific coast species; C. C.
AREY 5207.) DNeweeee ce te av, OZ
— americanus, Distribution of. . . .1, 156;
v, 168
— andersoni, Founding of species. .v, 172
— arboreus, Habitat of.........-. v, 169
— azureus, "Abandonment of pecies,
v, 193
— —, Distribution of...........: v, 168
— cordulatus, SEU tos Ase v, 168
_ crassifolius, Habitat of. .ii, 189; v, 173
= CUNCOLUS, <——— osha Penne Me si ee y, 174
— decumbens, Distribution of..... v, 168
— dentatus, Reduction of species a
VARIG UVa | iets Pits ee eee , 170
— —, Revision of............ pe n, 193
— depre ssus: Habitat of-2 2.2... , 168
— divaricatus, Distribution of... . ie 16
— —, Notes on Spies Rescate Pave On
_- ee gens, Founding of species. EVs bio
— fendleri, Distribution of........ v, 168
— floribundus, Abandonment of spe-
CeBIT hee

|

fee ete el lS | — vulgatum, — —..

NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

Cranornvs floribundus, Reduction of
species to variety...... Spence we AED
— foliosus, Founding of species...v, 172
— gregyi, Habitat of. sale Sreleresetanecasenis panei a
— hirsutus, ——....... Pr be v, 169, 187
impressus, Habitat of ......v, 171, 188
incanus, Distribution of........v, 168
a ee Notesion’ 2 eae-ve LO
, Redefinition off 325. 4-eeeewemuie

intricatus, Abandonment of spe-
asa Pe wets Veber eae
—, Founding — —...... .....v, 168
— lemmoni, — — — 192
lobbianus, Modification. . 170
megacarpus, Habitat of ....v, 174, 188
microphyllus, ——.... erent Wd
oliganthus, Note on..-..-.-...- v, 169
orculti, Founding of species. ...v, 194
ovatus, Distribution of...... Biota ey sts:

— palmeri, Reduction of species to
variety < 22. Cc aeeeee
— papillosus, Redefinition of species,
Vv,

eur e301

172
172
193
170

— —, Revision of...... Jee sees
— parryi, Habitat of
— parvifolias, Reduction of species

to variety ...
— procumbens, Notes on........
— prostratus, Habitat of........
— rigidus, — — .5....12+-«es
— sanguineus, — —.....:2-.66.
—- serpyllifolius, — —...........
— sorediatus, ——..........
— —, Synonomy and relations of. v,
— spinosus, Habitat of ...........V,
— thyriflorus, ——..... orateV
— tomentosus, Notes on....... evs
— —, Synonomy and social rela-

tions Ole ret: uve

172
192
173
175
168
172
169
193
172
170
190

193
170

50's 6 6 as =e is =

cies
— velutinus, Habitat of....... 169
— vericosus, ——...... wd Sis oo ale
Ceuris occidentalis, Occurrence of. .1, 162
CreLastrus scandens, — — ........1, 156
CENTENNIAL ASSOCIATION, Acknowl-
edgments to. .1, Vil; 1i, 4, 66
—, Resolution of thanks to..... ii, 78
—’— touching BAS ADL Cao Sd 83
CrentTrRAL America, Mollusks from. -V, 42
—, Relations of races Olicmes " 288
—,s ’ Solpugidze from’: 24.0 se eee ili, 268
‘EOPHL@US pileatus, Occurrence of.v, 132
CErPHALANTHUS occidentalis, — —..i, 158
CEPHALOON lepturides, — —.. 191
CERAMIC Groups, Primitive......iv, 125
Crerastium nutans, Occurrence of, .i, 15
jas pee Soe ees

Ate

see

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
CERATINA dupla, Occurrence of... .i, 209
CERATOCAMPA regalis, ——.......l1, 20
CERATOMIA amyntor, — —..1,176; 11,191
CErRATOPHYLLUM demersum, Se eS)
CERCERIS deserta, — —..........-- i. 207
ee eg Neots 6 i, 194, 207
Crrcis canadensis, — —...........-1, 157
Crercocarpus intricatus, — —......1, 147
— ledifolius, ——...... Seared nideans i, 146
— parvifolius, ——...... cate ree eh i, 146
CERCUS sericans, — —........-- eyalye 20a
CrrIriropsis flavum, ——......-- Ven.6
— greentt, — —......... an seme ven 60
— kobelti, ——....... Satnyshiace austere v, 60
— pulchellum, ——.........024-- v, 60
— punclatwm, — —....0.-se0eess v, 60
— terebralis, —— ..........2.+-- li, 250
— tubercularis, -- —......... sonora Leal
CrritHium algicola, — —.........V, 59
— atratum, ——........ ‘i, 250; e 5S
— eburneum, — —....-... ll, 239; v, 59
— evieuse, Suggested abapdGanient.
GR SVECIESY ao foals Sloe ese eas ¥e 60
— ferruginum, Critical notes on,
v, 09
— —, Occurrence of..... . ll, 239; VW; 59
— guiniacum, — —.......-.----. v, 60
— literatum, — —.......-.- ii, 239; v, 59
_— muscarum, ——........1li, 239; v, 60
— nigrescens, "New variety (0) ea ll, 239
— —,-Occurrence of............- 1H, 28)
— scabrum, ——...-... ee eee eee rn at
— semi-ferrugineum, ——.......... v, 59
— septemstriatwm, — —........... i, 239
— versicolor, — —........-..-4.- ii, 239
CERMATIA forceps, — —.......... MiG, 20
Crrruta familiaris americana, — —,
v, 158
Cervantes, Sk Don Antonio Espt-

NOZACY Wlechony Ob sac) rk ay 232
CERYLE alcyon, Occurrence of.....v, 131
Crrti, Francesco, Reference to work

of, on Solpugide........ iii, 280, 281
CruTHOPHILUS maculatus, Occurrence

Geers ates ck a2 yu,0 sole eyt ier sesi aeslye lal
— pallidus, Notes on......... .i, 264
— utahensis, Founding of species. .1, 264
CH EROCAMPA tersa, Occurrence of. ii, 191
CH ®TOCNEMA confinis, — —.+4.....1, 201
— subviridis, — — ate 201
CH ®TURA pelagica, — —..... eee. v, 133
CHAILLU, Paun pu, Reference to

WOE Off.pc assesses 50g Co aINaetet
CuHatctis ovata, Occurrence of... ...1, 207
CHALLEN, James, Election of......1, 15
Cuama arcinella, Occurrence of. .ii, 244;

v, 65*
. 11, 245; v, 65*

Se a)

— macrophylla, ——....

295
age
Cuampers lightning-rod (The); E.
W... CLAVROMES A: Has siae iv, 41
—rod (The) and the Phoenix Mill
fines) Wile RATT laa pesenoly MYAS,
Cuamsers, V. T., Election of ..... li, 128
—, Valuable donation by ..... iui, 14, 26

Cuambers, WALTER, Election of. .iv, 227

CuAMeErops palmetto, Occurrence of,
ii, 229

Cramisso, ADELBERT VON, Reference
to work ae eA Paddy Bae hate .v, 185
CHAMPOLLION, J. F., ii, 104
CHAMYRIS corintha, Occurrence of. ii, 192
CHAPARRAL, Char acter of....... .v, 165

CuaPin, Miss, Election of ........ i, 29
CHAPIN: Ee Os = em sas eee ee
CuapPin, Mrs E. C.,.— —.......- Lo A:
Cuapin, E. H., Reference to work
(0) hee eRe See SeenCrere hc ic v, 180
CHAPMAN, A. W.., Election of..... li, 146
CuapMaN, N., Testimonial by, to R.
J. Farquharson. . eee) iv, 202
CHAPMAN, WILLIAM A: : “An ancient
mine of Arkansas ........ Pots A LEAS
== BICHON OR,. Sats aiae wis) ears v, 204
_, ” Record of papers by. .v, 227, 229, 268
Em Valuable donations by.- ~ V5) 229), 280
CHARADRIUS dominicus, Occurrence
Ole atest Le ince Sta Seth eae v, 124
=) SGUALAMOLW | —~— Fee iot oh l ola whol ect v, 124

CHarcoat from mounds. ii, 149, 173, 289 ;
lil, 141, 187 STN. A0
Crarrronetta albeola, Occurrence of,

v, 118
@HaArius Crry, Birds of: 7-!. 52.2: We HS
—, Formations at.......... .v, 104
Cr. ASSAGINEUX, FELIX, Valuable ‘do-
MAION, Wyse ees kas iii, 26
CHAULIOGNATHUS basalis, Occurrence
OL Cealcue se ee ey Ee 1, 180, 203
— pensylvanica, — —........-. i, eae 1735
CHEILANTHES lanuginosa, — —...1v, 67

— vestita, Prediction of finding of.i iv, 65

CreLtpoN erythrogaster, Occurrence

Of ceils aeetinetts BUkS antetrsaaeds v, 147
CHELONUS sericeus, — — ......1, 188, 207
CHELYMORPHA cribraria, — — ....1, 181
CHEN hyperborea, — — .......... v, 118
Cuenopopium album, ——....... i, 162
— ambrosioides, — —............. 1, 162
— hybridium,— —....... a eretsteres i, 162
RKC RR ——— epee poeoees POUL iii, 170
CHENU, JEAN CHARLES, Reference to

work of, on Solpugidee. . ili, 299
CueEroxkEss, Alphabet of........ ete i!
—, Weaving by PA Sica cea ae cis aden tlees

CutcaGgo ACADEMY OF SCIENCE (Tre),
Memorial proceedings of. .. . iii, 248

296

Page
CurLp, O. H., Acknowledgment to.i, 15
JHILE, Lastarriag from..........V, 36

—, Plants of ........... RR Et Nee ALY AMOS
—, Solpugide from............. ili, 252
CuiLocorus bivulneras, Habits of. .i, 38;
ii, 338
— —, Occurrence of............:. i. ial
CHIMAPHTLA umbellata, ——..... iv, 66
Cura, BONO senabdnavceoos iv, 29
DURLEMKCITES Of) 1st: nee wane ris TUL
‘Conon Weaving biys.25)). eevee i, 13
CHIONE cingenda, Occurrence of. .1i1, 246
CHIONOBAS chryazus, — —..... 1h, 185, 189
Curprrways, Weaving by.....- .i, 13

Curron apiculatus, Occurrence of. ii, 241 ;

v, 64
— astriger, ——..... ea ere ae v, 64
— muliicostatus, ——............V, 64
— pectinatus, — —........%. Sythe; 1 LO
SED VOCUS SES as avajans 8 torte. flay Shalklls ee
— spiculosus, ——......... oe Ue eevGh LOF
CHrtrENDEN, Grorcr B., cited on
BMTAGQUIIOSS 165, Fildes ii, 114
CHL.ENIUS tmpunctifrons, Occurrence
Olea cca Jig) = a Spoictaeceses RVR Ne 1,, 169
— laticollis, — —....... eee eel
— pensylvanicus, — —........ Sopot Lee)
= INASUTUS —— ee Shs Sears sie sesers i, 169
— sericeus, — —..... i, 169,173, 190, 202
Crocraws, Weaving by... she WN A eltcs
CHaROoCAMPA tersa, ( Jecurrence of.24,) 176
CHONDESTES grammacus, — —....v, 142
CHonpropoMa dentatum, — .v, 48, 62
CHONOPHYLLUM ellipticum, — —...v, 107
CHORDEILES virginianus, ——.....V, 133
CHORISTODON ltypicum, — —...... Vv, 63*
CHORIZANTHE, R. Brown; C. C.
BARRIS tise ees ahh Si dye (tre eke eee iv, 45
pa. RAIDS puns Sele amae eer Paes.
—, Revision of genus............ iv, 45
-—- " andersoni, Founding of spe v, 175
— brevicornu, Description Oy iv, 62
— breweri, — —.. 2... eee eee eELWAE DM
— californica, — ee. Semele iv, 55
— clevelandi, — —......... Hele es MVE Oe
— commisuralis, ——........... 1Vv.t “62
— corrugala, — —.... 1... eee RLV OS
— douglasti, ——....... obi eer ALVEE OO
=. NOtOS:OMi ase ays aye eaters ete v, 175
— fernandina, Description of..... iv, 61
— fimbriata, — —........2..205. iv, 58
— laciniata, — —..........2.05. iv, 58
— lastarriwa, — —... 0... eee iv, 63
——,H Slevation of, into genus....v, 30
— epise: eras, Description fob eee aia 51
— membranacea, — —........... iv, 51
— orcuitiana, — —..............1V, 54
= PUNE, Pho esd Bh wks blake ee iv, 57

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

CHORIZANTHE parryi, Description of,
iv, 61
— perfoliata, — —.........+-...-1V, 55
— poligonoides, ——...... thre a LWQ ROR
— procumbens, — —........-+- jsivi) BO
— pungens, ——, « c<nnane ne eee iv, 60
— rigida, ——... snes ne aii pawl
— robusta, Founding of species...v, 176
— spinosa, Description Of. sake iv, 52
— staticoides, —— .........-4-- VG pads
— stellulata, ——.........- int eV 8
— thurberi, — —..... OEE re, iv, 51
— uniaristata, ——.......... a cht UGE
—= Yalida, —='— vest terre «pete OW
— WUSONI, — roe ven ee on one Sr Pe a
— xanti, — —...... eee iy, Bk

CuRrisTIAN, H., Reference to work
Of, oo eitie sterteet nae glint)

CHristororo, : cited on Py yrgu-
LOPS18..,..b\iNon Aske eee 2 SIGE)

CrristorPHEr, J AMES W., Election of,
iii, 146

—, Reference to library of ...... ili, 306
Curisty, Henry, Reference to col-
lection of. the ays haters ii, 115

“Of ahs! a} e\a\cot ol, 0° cot olieyiefatin \a\esie) faim tetlep elle) sion V, 79
Curysopornris femorata, ——....1, 171
—, Indian name for. ....... Pian hy JS)

— 6-signata, Occurrence of........1, He

Crrysocuus auratus, — —.1, 172 173, 18

— cobaliinus, — — fesse eee ee 1 204
CurysoMELA adonidis, — — ......1, 181
— casia, —— =... ee LZ
— conjuncia, —"— 4... see i, 181
— decem-lineata, —— ........ i, 172, 181
— exclamationis, ——.......-..4- 1, ed
— interrupta, ——....... ..-1, 172, 181
— scalaris, — —.....-.-s006. ee ie 172
— serypta, — —. 0. cece ee cece eens 5 Altsitl
Crrysopa externa, — —....... . 2 205
CHRYSOPHANUS helloides, _-— fi os 197
— hyllus, — —...... sitet a weer ee La, 191
— sirius, mM 197
— thoe, — — cece cece ceees ek)
— virgimensis, — — .......-. sie PLL

Cuurcn,J.A., Valuable donation by. iii, 26
Crorcuitt, A. D., Acknowledgment

NOME G so cco u coc. li, 284

; On the Eas t Davenport mounds,
li, 257
—, Record of exhibition by ...... i, 55
— — — presentation by......... li, 253
— — — remarks by ....-......... Par
— —— report by ............... 1,752
—, Reference to paper by....... 1a, 2

Crure HILL, 8. A., Valuable donation
DY... esses aee ee ivy? 13

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.]

_ Page
CicapA, Indian name for.........1, 192
— putnami, Notes on........ ee ry 67
— rimosa, ——...... Sahtsncrent eee THis. {OY
— synodica, Ia A eh ee A OT
Crcapm (Remarks ‘on the habits
of several western); J. D. Pur-
ISENDIES Jo Bis bo eee aI SOE rity LOY
CrctnpEta fulgida, Occurrence of. .i, 178
—fongilabrus, = gs one ec a, fis!
— punetulata, ——....... i, 169, 178
— purpurea, ——........ cls ue, 8, 202
— repanda, — —.........-. : ” 168
— scutellaris, ——....... Sra vaee ee a 179
— senilis, — —........... Sent ..1, 200
ISLET TOU yg a aya eles one os chee « i, 169
— tranquebarica — —........ i, 190, 202
— 12 guttata, ——....... TGOS WSs LOI
199, 200, 202
Cicuta bulbifera, — —........... iii, AE
— maculata, — —.......-.26..6-- i, 158
Crux lectularius eaten by Solpuga. ili, 253
Circma alpina, Occurrence of... ..1, 150
— lutetiana, — —....... aie ee OOH i, iy)
CircE cerina, Sees ican ert lets v, 65*
CIRCOTETTIX ’ carlingiana, Notes on. i, 254
— undulata, — —............ 2 265
Crrcus hudsonius, Occurrence ote L226
CIRRODAPHLINA angulata, ——.. nv 255
. Crrstum altissimum, ——.........i, 159
——OTUCTISC, —— =. c'sis we tle « Hig cete cre! ae kas)
— lanceolatum, — —............4. 1) 159
CIstELLA barrettiana, ——....... li, 242
= CYCLOPNOTUS, —— 5. 0s wees ee oe: i, 179
— rubrotincta, — —.........0.06- li, 242
CistHorus palustris, — —........- v, 158
CIsrorHorus stellaris, See teas v, 158
CrrizENs’ COMMITTEE, Report of the,
iv, 225
CLapopora fischeri, Occurrence of.1i, 263
a ROUZUSLO Se Wk ck eee es Walaa
CuarKk, E. A., Election of.ii, 127; iv, 227
Crark, Henry, cited on _ shell
MOUS? 45, eek li, 229
CLARKE, C. W., Reference to collec-
EROMIN Oihee sca Nees tage acoso ath Ay
CLARKE, Ropert, Election fe << i, 146
—, Record of letter from........ ii, 133
C LASSICS, Diminishing s study Olepanveneto
CLATHURELLA badia, Sa of..i y 250
— jewelli, ——..'...........11, 23; V, 55
Craus, C., Reference to eon: of. on
Solpugidee. Patera Ais Scene seul, BB}
CLAUSSEN, “EL. Re Election of ..... li, 205
CLAUSSEN, WILLIAM, ——...... sv, 227
CuiavicEro, F. X., cited on tur-
QuUGISEe ys ian eee oie kee
Cuaypo sr, E. W., Election of... .iii, 139
—, Record of paper by...... fae al ia 229

25 /)

Page

Craypo.rt, E. W.; The Chambers

lightning THOLG |. ola ee cackom eneyencnaea iv, 41
—, Valuable donation Yo meee chat Una Paes
Cu AYTONIA virginica, Occurrence of. i 1, 155
— —, Vernal appearance of... ... ui, 135
CLEMATIS alpina, Occurrence of ...i, 150
— piichert, ——..... ise Aecaarya Enos i, 153
— virginiand, — —.... 2. eee eee 1, 153
CiemMent, E. A., Valuable donation

DWicascehette oon santa tees epee Sill, 20
Ciemmerr, C. H., Election of ...... i, 74
Crieosis, Description of genus. ...1ii, 252
— cubx, Occurrence of.......... iii, 268
=A TUE GULCUL Cs ——— eee ot ay eas 2\e\ lil, 268
— limbata, — —............64-- iii, 268
arth, = ae oa Sova nee ili, 269
— saltatrix, — —............00-- iii, 268
— [stimpsoni], Description of... ili, 261
CLEoNus trivittatus, Occurrence of. .i, 182
CriErus analis, — —....... wadeleee: i, 180
— masts, — —... 6. cece eee eae i, 180
— nigriventris, — —........... Fonte, lst)
== ON MOLUS), ——— 5 a) bs clan wlio nee iP i, 200
— sphegeus, —-— ....2...... eecatys dlis0)
— thoracicus, —— ...... 6... eee live
Creu, T. T., cited on antiquities. .iv, 276

CLEY SEN ate ar to.iv,35

— cited on Solpugidze ....... «ili, 253
== COMECHOM WY so. <.cos «2 ace ili, 252
—, Dedication of species to...... iv, 62
= BIE CHLOD Olas se cca emote u, 146
CLEVENGER, J. J.; ——.......:.. iv, 227
CLIFF-DWELLINGS, Description of.iii, 109
Curnton, G. W., Acknowledgment

OR SS Searcy nye aes sti deal
== SHICCWIOMIOL, facies Uh der ses ee eh
—, Presentation of collection by. .ii, 121
—, Valuable donations by..... i, 58, 212

CLINTONIA virginica, Blossoming of.i1, 9
CLISIOCAMPA americana, Occurrence

Ola eee oie yo coe ee i, 198
— sylvatica, — —...........-.4-- rl, AUS)
ylvatica, 5 192
CLIVICOLA riparia, — —.......... v, 148

‘Lorn from mounds.1, 117, 134; 11, 6; v,40
Criutr, N. M., Record of memorial

addressiiyiesnts cat secre esa i 193
Crymer, M., Testimonial to R. J.

Farquharson Dive Ge serra iv, 202
Crytvs charus, Occurrence of ..... i 176
| lELUOSUS— —— iad tc eolt ooee ied
— lezcouonus, — —........ Ne Pier ee: i, 180
sae PULOLUULS hal Pe Po ta a, <l agave antes i, 180
— undulatus, — — .......--..-6-- i, 180
CNeEmMIpDotus 12-punctatus, — —....i, 170
Cntcus lanceolatus, — —....... ae L259
Coat Measures, Fossils of the. ..iii, 164
Coccip.® (Biological and other Notes

On) JD RuDNAM. esc os =e i, 293

[June 7, 1893]

298

o

Page
CoccinELLa difficilis, Occurrence of.i, 199
— monticola, ——........ sian pts i, 179
— munda, ~— —... eee eee. U7 73
— 9-notata, — —. .1, 171,179, 190, 191, 199
— picta, — —...... ee eee eee mentees bya 2b
— transversogultata, — —......1, 179, 191
— transversalis, — —......... 2% alt OD
— trifasciata, ——....... atoyeAgi kode

CoccopHaaus lecanii, Habits of. . .ii, 332

CoccoTHRAUSTES vespertina, Occur-
TOLICE Olimar aa ro hash dliebe
Coccyzus americanus, ——... .. V, 18
— erythrophthalmus, — —.........V, 18
CocHLIoLEPIs parasiticus, ——....V, 56
Cocuran, Appin, Election of ....iii, 68
Cociran, M. B. , Appointmient of, on
building committee......... eral lay)

— — — — standing committee... "a 80,
PAO SET

= MA CCEIOM-OLr.. od. 0 2,08 2 een ee:
— — — astreasurer.......... nicely. at
— — — — trustee.......ii, 218 : iii, 105
— — — — vice-president........ ii, 218
—, Reference to work of........ The ete}
—, Report of, as treasurer........ li, 212

—, Resolutions by . ii,
JocHRAN, Mrs M. B.,

99, 144, 153, 163, 3, 166
Election of. .i Ie. ao

CopastTeEr, Structure of genus....iv, 76
Ca:Locnemus dilaticollis, Indian name

LOTS Stier maa es wake, Seeils heetaee i 192
— —, Occurrence of.............. 191
Ca@NONYMPHA ochracea, —- —. .1, 83, 189
CoFFEEN, OLIve, Election of...... v, 247
Corrry, W. T., Acknowledgment

LOB ae Rie Cro Ora arsicro are Vie TOIL
CoLaAPres auratus, Occurrence of..v, 135
Co.aspis livens, — —...... Ree ee A paleves
= MUNCHODIIS, = 0 ds oot oe whine 2 i, 181
Co.eoprera (Descriptions of); J. i.

Ure CONDE oe aes a eeyys semitee lg 206

— (List of) collected in ‘the R oe

mountains of Colorado in 1872;
De SAUNA. 3 sce heehee eer hy bee

— —— found in the vicinity of Day-
enport, Iowa; J. D. Purnam..i, 169
Cotas alexandra, Occurrence of.. .i, 188,
189, 192

— CHSONID, — — «eee eee cene ees i, 174
— eurytheme, — —....... i, 174, 183, 191
— keewayden, ——........ 1, 196; ii, 191
— MEAN, — — i. ees ne eee ai "184
— philodice, — — i, 174; 5 ik, AY, po 191
— scudderu, ——.....-..0.4- seit 196
CoLINus virginianus, — —........ 124
Coup, W. R., Resolution of tine
UO Sr alrcle tinttena aie SERe OER i 78
Couietes albescens, Oce urrenc e of. .i1, 209
— americana, — —........... i, ios, 209

.Couierr, O. W., Acknowledgment

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

CoLLEreEs consors, Occurrence of. .

LG: is ph scene ere re ea
—, Election of.......... oo ction eee
— ’ Letter from: =. wot atees + +<V, 246
———,on pipes and tablets. . ay, 315

—,V aluable donation DY. caeee iv, 213
Coutts, Atonzo, Acknowledgment |
tom Senos ae pots sak p BL
Couns, Mines A. , Election of =... a 9
COLLINSEA vernd, Occurrence of.. 126
CoLLops bipunctatus, eae a 203
— cribrosus, ——...... Mersin: i, 180, 190
—— punctatus, — —.< sescs sess eee i, 180
— vittatus, — —.......... i, 196, 201, 203
Cotomsta, Solpugide from..... ‘ili, 268
Cotorapo, Butterflies from ...... ii, 270
—, Cice adee from. » ind ae

se news

— ’ Coleoptera from... .caaaeeed i, ay
—, Horned toads from...........11, 22
—, Hymenoptera from...........1, 206
—, Mollusks from... -.53:.-2s= edge

—, Obsidian implements in.....ili, 86
—, Occurrence of Ceanothus in....v, 168
—, Orthoptera from...... Lim dooyageangee
—, Solpugidee from. 35, 184, 251, 267
CoLUMBELLA acuta, Gateneaas of. v, 53

— avard, — —.. «asics s «pe eaee eee
— cribraria, — —............ syed AO
— dysoni, ——........ <9 « a:ieeaeigiaaelan
— hotessieri, ——......... ee re v, 593
— levigata, — 2. eee cece e ee eee fi, 237
— lunata, — —............ 1, Jor see
— mercatoria, — —.....1i, Geek: v, 46, 52
— nitida, — — >. . 22 fses at eee eee
— obesa, ——........ svi c.< My ED eprrereses
— ostreicola, — —........+e00eee Y, 53
— pulchella, — —.......ce2enes-Vy OO
— PUSLICO, — 20 és 0 nie we lolol
— similis, — 1... cee eens 2 stl ee
— sleGrNSi, — —....seeeeeeeeeee-V, OB
— vard, ——..... < ac a'e ne 'stys cee eae
JOLYMBETES densas, — —........-1, 178
CoLYMBUS auritus, ——....... ee
— nigricollis californicus, — —....V, 114
CoMANDRA umbellata, — —.......i, 162
CoMMELYNA virginica, ——...... iii, 170

Commirrres, Appointment of stand-
ing. ..ii, 5, 80, 218; iii, 67, 107, 161;
iv, 12, 207, 321; v, 200, 217, 246
CoMPSOTHLYPIS americana, Occur-
rence of ...... s Sualvidts alee REE Lees
Compton, M. B., Reports of commit-
tees: by «.1..'.2 Scams ji, 151, 153
Comstock, J. Henry, cited on ene-
«mies of bark louse ..........1i, 334
— — — hieroglyphies .......... a 144
—, Election of ..... ote ..lii, 174

sees

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
Comstock, J. Henry, Letter from, on
pipes ‘and tablets...........- iv, 306
—, Memorial letter from........iii, 222
—, Record of — —.......... Sega ue
Comstock, T. B., Election of ..... ii, 128
—, Valuable donation by .......ili, 15
CONnCHOLOGY: OF VOWS. 20. a. see 3 165
——Florida. ........ ellite2aei y, 45
CoNIOSELINUM canadense, Occurrence
(0) fa aie Ree eae A sees OR hee i, 158
Contum maculatum,— —......... 1, 158
Connecticut, Donations from ... .1i, 59;
iii, 39
Conner, J. S., Election of ..... Sepanat lS
Conner, Mrs H. M.,— —....... lii, 139
Conopra multifida, Occurrence of.ii, 126
ConocarpiuM trigonale, — —.ii, 266, 268
Conrap, TimotHy Apport, cited on
| SVENSUROWG ISIE tee as aa tg i didns iv, 88
— — — Spirifera....... inate, S20
= MOIECLIOW OF.r. 2h oo Fev oath os « ii, 128
CONSTITUTION. ...5...2.. i, 3, 236; v, 248
—, Adoption of........ if, Ie ai v, 258
—, Amendments to..... Ta. On 8: 17, a
33, 48, 63
ConTEMPORANEITY of man and ele-
Aire ta Nea Mas ack oae iv, 278
Convropus borealis, Occurrence of..v, 135
MOONS ea wns ore 15S cnx ee SPD Rome v, 135

Conrripurrons to the flora of lowa ;

J. C. ARTHUR. . .ii, 126, 258 ; iii, 169;
jj V; o7, 64
Conurus carolinensis SOcotmncnces of. Vv, 13
Conus acutangulus, ——......... i, 937
— cardinalis, — —..............: v, 956
— floridanus, — —......... ii, 237; Vv, 55
— leoninus, — —..........-- pefetils 237
— magellanicus, — —.........4.. v, 956
— mus, ——...... Hoo Acoli orl S Aeuale
— pealet, ——..........4.. i, 237 3 Vs, 06
<= SOTOLEUS, ae ne eins ee oles «Vv, 06
SEE Rages caper tects Hacereoiae eV EL OO
— stearnsii, Sa aC eather CAI Cael ae ABH
Convouvenus arvensis, —— ...... i, 161
CoNYERS, —— , Reference to discov.

CHY SO Yeo cic tails ee teen wie iv, 294
ConzE, ——, cited on bronze age. .i, 124
Cook FARM, Curious relic from. ..ii, 256
—, Elephant pipes from......... iv, 260
—moumds.... 2.254%. , 92, 141, 221
——'—, Importance, of. 2.04 220.0355: ii, 200
Coox, A. J., Election een weer ili, 146
Coox, CAPTAIN JAmEs, cited on cop-

DEMOLMAMIEM Uwe s)he =, eeeteyaer siare i, 127
Cook, Ciarissa, Record of presenta-

tion by. SECC Beoshek a Pe ete dils, 183
Cook, E. E., Election of......... iv, 227

Cook, GEorce H., Election of... .ii, 255

209
Page
Cook, Mrs. Esrnrezer, Acknowledg-
MICMES LO ee css Se ee A MAND A ye
—, Election IOI ain Ew ca ms ee
—_ ’ Valuable donation by BAH ASH vie Te
Coox, Wii1aM, Election of... ... lig ol
— , First work on Academy building
aA eit entity SCapeens nee ma li, 150
Cook, Wriui1am L., Record of com-
munication from....... tit, Toil
Coorrr, H., Resolution of thanks
LOL aar NOS Ke ORONO t, 8
Corr, Epwarp saunas cited on
Solpusid sets: se. .1, 35 3 11, 253
—— HH ECHOMIOl sy -eraaciae ere Asetia pl 2g
Cover ann, Gnonen KE, Tree Wy 229

by MURS Sars 28 OS eS a ee 1 Sl
Corrrr axes, cloth, ete (Recent
archzeological discoveries at
Davenport, Iowa, of), supposed
to have come down to us from
a prehistoric people, called the
mound builders; R. J. Faraqu-
FLARSON Siege Gh aoe sy dare. Rhee 7
7) Dall exotica eats pats a
— from mounds. i 49, 73, 77, 107, Lalli:
83, 94, 173, 220 ; iii, 90, 142; v, 39, ‘ai
— implement, ee ription of. . Bale o9
— implements, Collection of... . "iv, 233
— — from mounds..... lili, 88, 136, 153
— —, Notes on..............000. li, 224
— mines, Aboriginal............ ili, 5
— money, Primitive............. li, 46
—, wor king OL iiss. oe eee ee ili, 153
Copris anaglypticus, Occurrence of.i, 171
Corrocycia aurichalcea, — —.... i 172
CoproroMus interrogatus, ——.....i, 170
Corturus operculatus, — — ...i, 182, 204
Cora formations, Record of address
OAT Seine Like Gite ee li, 85
CoRALLIOPHAGA hornbeckiana, Occur-
Sri oe eer eta 65*
Corats, fossil, ——............. Vv; 18
CorBuLa contracta, ——....... +11, 248
— limatula — —...........6.4. li, 248
— nasutd, — —... 1... eee ee BEEN iy (lt
| SUP CHAT snes ela piiiicrerche Vig mandi
Corpova, FERNANDO ps, cited on
primitive WGA Deo ecoees. 14 tae
Coreopsis aristosa, Occurrence of.i li, 259
— lanceolata, — —........-.+.--- ii, 256
— palmata, — —... 2.2.22 i, 159
CorIsPERMUM hyssopifilium, Doubtful
Perel SEES SITS she ws ai sli eters iv, 66
CoRNER-STONE, ‘Laying OL theres oaeleeliitey
Cornirerous fossils........... : ane 282
— limestone, Characters of....... Wer ullo
Cornus circinata, Occurrence of... .ii, 259

300 DAVENPORT ACADEMY
Page
Cornus paniculata, Occurrence of. .1, 157
— sericea, ——.........: ENaeinast i, 158
Coronano, FRANCISCO VELASQUE “DE,
cited on pueblos.......... sid, 115
CoroneL, A. F., cited on aboriginal
BEG As Oleh eee ee iv, 106, 117
CorpryRra lewisii, ccurrenc eof.i, 173,191
—- lugubris, — —.........626- i, 181, 191
= WULCRT A, ==) ss sviolemioin ese Lage ek
CORRESPONDENCE on pipes and tab-
NGtS Sites Soe hea jo ne eo eats iv, 300
Corricaria pumilla, Occurrence of.i, 178
Corvus americanus, — —......... v, 136
CoRYDALIS aurea, ——........... i, 154
CoryDALUS cornutus, ——....... Thee 23)
CoryLus americana, Blossoming
OPES rer aepreeonee Peel AO Zeal
— —, Occurrence ee aes Le ae ae i, 163
Cory MBrres tinctus, ——....... ..1, 191
CORYNETES violaceus, — —.i, 180, 200, 202
CoscINoPreRA dominicana, — —...1, 172
— subfasciata, ——..... ; ee ABT
WIG ONG, 5 Shs dates oe ea i, 181
Cossonus platalea, —— .......... i, 182
Costa Rica, Solpugide from ....ili, 268
CoraLpa lanigera, Occurrence of: ..1, 171
Cougs, Exviiorr, cited on the king-
bind: 2ulosty asc oF ok Sater Set wot
= LE CHLONMOL Eyre ace sel, 128
—, Reference to “ornithologic cata.
Koyeqbre (aviary Seamearet vr te rye 114
Counrer, Jonn M., Election of.. 128
Cowan, FRANK, See en a 94
Cow ANIA mexicana, Occurrence of.i, 146
Cox Jb. Election of . Stile AH
Cox, L. hoe Neuve a eh ae Face Ven 202
—, Plaster casts elegy. vate ie ees v, 280
Crampton, OC. A., Election of....iii, 81
CRANDALL, J. A., Appointment of,
on standing committee .....ili, 67
=> HMIECHIOM OL: lech Ba ee Cee i 4
— — — as chairman historical sec-
MOMs Fate beeen eee eee ser oi)
—, Record of report by.......... li, 253
—, Valuable donation by ....... fit, 7a
Cranta, Exhibition of....... Zeuive, 208
— from pueblos............... rive AP
—, Measurements of... 2.4. iii, 125
CRANTA anomala, Occurrence of ..ii, 242
— famelicd, ov ivevccecctasee v, 107
Craniometer, Exhibition of..... iv, 208
CRAPNELL, W. , Election of, as honor-
ary miernbet ication Biv Lees 2
CrassATeLLA lunulata, Occurrence
OLN: PASE etek eran eee v, 47, 66%
CraTracantruus dubius, — i, 169, 178
CRAT-EGUS coccinea, ——......... i, 157

— tomentosa, ——..,

Me etitnwia Sate Reed

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.
| Page
| Crarry, R. I, Acknowledgments
| ae eC a és os LV yey OO
—, Collection by ....... » sone ete
| CRraATYPE DES putnami, Founding of
SPCClOS FJ ai.ciz2k piecteeeiae or ily 257

Crawrorp, H. D., Election of....iv, 228

Crawrorp, JOHN N., — sais ose
CRAWFORD, JOSEPH the Collections

bY causal dee eae ii, 149; iii, 91
—, Election of: ..20:..4< @eueeee 5: Uae St
—, Valuable donation by ....... ili, 26
Crawrorp, Mrs Josepn A., Election

Of sto Pe eee la oho RE Bri, hs:
CRAWFORD, J. P.,.— —......-...1V, 227
CREMASTUS, sp., Occurrence of.... . i, 188
Cremation furnace (Prehistoric) ; A.

S. Trurrany . (7 tase eee i, 64
Cremiporus callosus, € Jecurrence of. i i, 202
CRENELLA lateralis, ——......... ii, 244
CREOPHILUS villosus, ——.....1, 170, 179.

191, 202
i, 172, 178,

181
sain he ae
_ di, 241; v, 57

CRrEPIDODERA opulenta, — —

— pubescens, — —.......-
CrepPIpULA aculeata, — —

— converad, — —.........- ded sins 47, 56
— fornicata, — cit 241; iM) 46, 47, 56
FS ilansa, ae Ministers Re Oy ily He
— plana, ——........ BP Aisi Se Vy n00
— UNGUIfONINIS, — sais ma cine gee
CrEPIS mucronata, — —..........1, 149

Cresson, E.T., Acknowledgment to.i, 193
—, Election of..... ba i ese i, 25
—; List of hymenoptera collected
by J. Duncan Putnam, of Daven-
port, lowa, with descriptions of
two NeW SPecies),-<y 9. seer i, 206
zx, Record of,paper by.........<ii,7, 70
hae efer ence to work Div ao segs rit, SASS

eee

‘28

Crinorp (Deser iption ‘of anew) from
the Hamilton group of Michi-
gan; CHARLES WACHSMUTH. .iy,

CriNorps (Descriptions of some new)
from the Hamilton group; W.
H. ee =. AOS

meciie 7ha

Giasceewmine asperatus, Occurrence
OF o5:. 22 ot). eae poe ee

— obsoletus, — — ...4.2.....00.-01, 180

— productus, ——....... 191

Crocata brevicornis, — —......... i, 176

— quintria, — —...<oh eeeey 176, 186

CroGuan, Mason GrorGe, Record of
career of sini Dakere®e aly

CRONEBERG, A., Reference to work
of, on Solpugidee #2 aia deere

95
98

166
304

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

CrookgE, J. J., Election of........ li, 128
Crospy, JAMES O., Acknowledgment

LOMA oe retardation canttes ecto ei v, 81
Crossy, W. E., Election of........ ie By
Crosstp1us discoideus, Occurrence

ONE CEE ent 5 ae eee spoke 180
= DULCE US eo sae cla ee sich ovens’ i, 180
CrosswELL, C., Valuable donation

LONE oro aa ican Bee era eee iii, 15
CryMopes discicollis, Occurrence of i, 182
Crypropium bicolor, — —......... 0)
CrYPTOCEPHALUS auratus, ——....1, 204
CryproHyPNnas bicolor, — — ...... i, 199
CryPTONELLA calvini, — —....... v, 108
== CULLORG, = 5 hes aioe apy erie v, 107
CrypropHaaus cellaris, — —......1, 179
CrYPTOTENIA canadensis, — —....1, 158
Cryptus luctuosus, —— .......... i, 206
— tejonensis, ——..... So dog iltstey, YA0\s)
Cua, Solpugidee from..... sapere L209
Cutver, L. M., Election of...... iii, 139
CumINGTA tellinoides, Occurrence of. v, 72
CumMINGs, ISAAc, Election of..... ie ed)
CUNNINGHAM, “id me Collections

by Ueda ges Sey Boca v, 50, 61

Curator’s REPORTS. i, 84; ii, 48, 313, 254
ili, 6, 96, 150; iv, 216, 233 : Vv, 196,

"210, 239, 266

Curran, Mrs M. K., Collections
TD Yan O sxcsohcitia.oy Svan als " iv, 53, 62; v,.168
—, quoted on Lastarrixa..... Ah. alo

Curry, Mrs. T. F. M. , Election of. rie, ds
Curtiss, AVUEIE: Collection Iesoolle 124

Cuscura glomerata, Occurrence, of.i, 161
— gronovii, Description of. . dg eee 171
— —, Occurrence of ............ ili, 170
— inflexa, — —...... ae sep auis a7
SIO et ee li, 259
Cusnina, FRANK HAmILron, Review

OLMCMOLLIDY: \ S005 5.52.55: iv, 338
Cusick, Dayrp, Reference to work

OB Ge bbe Ole Orne meee iv, 83
Currer, A. F., Election-of.......iv, 227
Cuvirr, G. _ Reference to work of, on

Solpugidee TOC SOOT iii, 291
CUYAMA VALLEY, Aboriginal paint-

WAS) Wis ogorese PRE Denc eae ».iv, 108
Cyanocrrra cristate ye eee eee v, 186
CYATHGPHYLLUM coalitum, — —. .ii, 263
Cypister fimbriolatus, Occurrence

(0) Bea Sr eA atts std i, 202
Cycnorium intybus, ——...... ead 159
CyYCLOCEPHALA immaculata, — —..i, 203
CycLoLtoma platyph ues | ’Doubtfal

Tae Ee Oo OR Oe ens Seas iv, 66
CYLINDRELLA poeyana, — —......V, 48
CYLLENE charus, ——........ Seoibieley 2

ECD OSUS Nee i ao antLy Oiela gy vdy Lae

201

Page

Cyminpis abstrusa, Occurrence of..i, 178

== CPUDICOWNS i — = «oleic ie ice ele «ats i, 178
CYNOGLOSSUM morisoni, — —...... iG
— officinale, — —...... Saray eee ale LG

CYNTHIA virginica, — —.......... i, 159

CyPERUS acuminatus, ——....... iii, 170

SUT CDUS yond faa js Ven sicces 81h owe tes li, 126

CYPHODERRIS monstrosus, Notes on.1, 263

CypHon fuscipes, Occurrence of... .1, 180
— punctatus, = —.........5225.0- algal
CYPRMA cervus, — —............- v, 54
==) CHL ENC aes evn) Fade olehayeysceratd see v, 54
— exanthema, ——........ li, 238; v, 54
— moneta, Use of, as primitive cur-
POD CY; focus acetal aoa pan i, os
— nivea, Occurrence of........... v, 54
— pediculus, — —...:........; aeaWe, toe
— quadripunctata, — —.......... v, 954
SVR oy AS Oa OOM Oe Vv, o4
Cypricarpia coralliophaga, — —..v, 65*
CyPRICARDINIA sublamellosa, ——.v, 107
CyPRIPEDIUM candidum, ——..... i, 164
— parviflorum,— —...... ned cae: i, 164
— pubescens, — —........ a CER i, 164
CYRENA caroliniensis, ——. .il, 245; v, 65*
— floridana, ——........ ii, 245; v, 65*
— protexta, ——..... saveelancee aotiele li, 245
JYRENOIDA floridana, — —....... v, 66%

CyRTOPHYLLUS concavus, Notes on.i, 262

CystipHyLLUM mundulum, Occur:
PONCE! Olas oe en Ber ae loz
Cysropreris fragilis, — —. .ii, 22; ee 68
— bulbifera, Notes on ......... Belle 0
— —, Occurrence of ...... ..... iv, 68
CYTHEREA circinata, — —........ v, 64*
— conradina, ——...... arate tahoe v, 64*
— CONVERA, — — oe eee eee cece eee v, 64*
— dione, ——........... li, 246; v, 64*
— giganiea, ——............. v, 46, 64*
== hebreed a Se aad oS ys eee v, 64%
—AIUCET Us, — —— as ths here well te ersrers v, 65*
— maculata, —— ......... 2... v, 64%

Dxsta precox, Occurrence of . .

DaFiLa acuta, ——..........-... Wa liz
Daum, C. T., Election of ........iti, 13
Daums, Joun J., Election of ..... Vn 22e
—, Record of death of........... v, 276
Daxora, Collections from....... iv, 247
—— Henusiiranaa see. eae sa Vs, (4
Dat, WitiiAM HeEaty, Acknowl-

EG aomem Bitar tyse is «a s.<1 a) Shaye eee v, 48
— cited on elephant pipes ...... iv, 270

— — — Helix septemvotva ........V, 68

302 DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES,
Page . Page
Dati, WILLIAM Heatry, cited on In- DAVENPORT; Flora of, 2 ).a ene i, 153
iamarti.c < Ms Sane ae iv, 289 | —, Fossils from... 13 ea ii, 282
—— — Murer ........... 0.0005. v, 49 E= ’ Record of paper on history of. ii, 185
—, Collections by........... Ve Onieeeol —'(The local geology of ) and vicin-
== (Griticismvof wasacen esse. iv, 292, 301 ity ; W. H. BARRIS...... Jes Po.
— ’ Dedics ition of species to ...... v, 2 | Davenport, BaILey, Reminiscences
—, — Des scriptions of species by. v, 55, 09. 71 Dy! o 23.22 .5eeeeeeeeee orig eee ee,
BELSCHOD Oly ee eee 128 | —, Valuable donation bys aaa lil, 164
—, Identification of species by.v, 49, 68 | D: AVENPORT, CoLoneL Grorce, Remi-

— quoted on relations of modern niscences'Of . / 4...» ses li, 136
PAaIAnBes 46 {45-802 ....1v, 256, 296 | Davenvort, Davin, Acknowledg-
Dauas, WILLIAM Sw EETLAND, Refer- ment 0). hee eee Se Lae OL

ence to work of,onSolpngidee. ee | Davenport, G. E., cited on ferns.iv, 75
Datrymp te, E. A., Election of . 128 | — quoted on Camptosorus .......iv, 72
—, Valuable donation Dye steer ae 15 | Davenport, Grorae L., cited on In-
DauzevL, Henry, Election of. ’...i, 76 | dian traditions ..... OS i, 102
Daze, J. M., Valuable donations ae Valuable donations by....... i, 215 ;

Dye Nee ca ee eee L220 a We o7 | 11, 231) ane 57
Dana, James D., cited on antiquity | Davipson, WILLIAM, Record of re-

Ofmany ee Rrra eee IV, 2 | marks bys: Sa SARI NG:
—, Election of.......... ietaee tet i, 128 | Davrss, J. Merepiri, Election of.i li, 164
Danats archippus, Occurrence of. .ii, 191 | Davies, Jorn L. 4) eee SER Be Oy.
— erippus, — —....1, 75,196; ii, 17, 142 ee oe i, 14; ii, 196
DaniE.s, G. F., Valuable donations | DaAvIEs, Mrs Tous L., Election of.i, 77

Dyce. LET: , 235, 264 | —, V aluable donation bys thou iv, 18
DARAPSA myron, Geontrenee or anit ‘176: DAVIES, Lopwice S., Election of ...1, 58

ii, 191 | Davies, Mrs Lopwic 8., — —....1i, 16
Darutncton, Miss F. P., Collection | Davis, Epwarp Hamiron, cited on

DY. et sha ces eee eae aly 2 prehistoric cloth...... J he eS
DARLINGTON, Howanrp, Election of.i, | —-— — Indian culture ..... i yee LY, 209
Dart, Henry, Se: ili, 74 — — — Mexican ochre. ....... ili, 119
Darwin, Cuarues, cited on evolu- | —, Letter from, on pipes and tab-

th Coe PETE Le ope tk v, 224 | lets si!) )5.. U8 eee ..iv, 300
= , Quotation froms Abts evr li, 175 | — quoted on antiquities ........ iv, 288
DAsYTES breviusculus, Occurrence — — — relations of mound build-

DE toes ake Pe ee 3 te ety 18BO0> 190 Crs): ae 3 Ade eee ee
— hudsonicas, —— ..........04-- i, 180 | —, Record of letter from ....... .v, 203
— senili8, — — 2.0.2... ee ; a 180 DAvis, Frank O., Election of. ..ii, 202;
Darames, Description of genus. 251 iv, 212
californicus, Description of ie: Davis, J. J., Acknowledgments

ieMieen@ i SEAN eee rose, 206 fOii. he ee li, 258; iii, 169; iv, 66
— —, Occurrence of..... Lae “iii, 267 | Davis, J. §., Vi aluable donations
— cinere ca, Description of species. lili, 260 | by Meas clonic tc ii, 76; iii, 61
— constricla, ———..... ee cos Dice! W., Election of ......... -i¥; 227
— dilatata, —— —............. iii, 259 | Davison, Anner, Valuable donation
— formidabilis, Occurrence of... .ili, 266 Dy... e.dh > oe a 61
— geniculatus, ——....... yaar 267 | Davison, CHARLES, Election Of: 164
— girardii, Description of species. ili, 257 DAVISON, ELLA, — —......%..24- i 164
— pallipes, Occurrence of........ lil, 267 DAVISSON, W. TL. , Acknowledgment
—- [stimpsoni], Description of spe- 10. .0 2. nd eee eee in; 178

IOS cs See ae Eee li, 261 | Davy, Sr Humpnrey, cited on com-

— striatus, —— — ..........4.. ili, 255 position of bones ..... 5 i, 115

— subulata, Occurrence of . ay 267 | Dawson, H. B., Valuable donation

_ sulfureus, tb Tt neaR eee , 267 by .iis. 2h ili,” 26

DaTrurRA stramonium, — eee a 161 | Dawson, Str J. WiLtIAM, Reference

— tatula, — — .....-...-.- «hse “170 to work of........ mes Pe! re

DAVENport, Conchology of....... i, 165 | Dawson, Ross, Election of.......ii, 127
eae Ye xij 169: | Day, BD. F. cited on doubtful plants. iv, 66

—, Entomology of ........

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Day, D. F., cited on Solanum... .iv,
DR OH Aq MICH OM OF 0.0620 2],
Day! muDE, J. L., Valuable tender by,
for Griswold college: 4 b,.y.0'2 11,
DreArmonp, James M., Election of. .
—, record of communications by,
li, 188; ill,
Dr Canno.ie, ALPHONSE, Election

of, as honorary member. . pall
Dr Hart, J. N., Election of ..... un
DereHass, Writs, Letter from, on
pipes and tabiets...... pence Wis
—, Record of letter from......... We
See tir HEADER DY ira s2 eile oie enti Vv,
——— visit from..... eoeicir Vv;
Dean, A., Letter from, on pipes and
tableisseeea tae SsaklWy
Dean, Mrs. Sera, Acknowledement
to SHGaw ean beMU GA COOme Bees V;

Derrates, Record of.
625 v, 218; 235, 257, 259, 262, 274,
DrcKER, CLARA, Election of . =iM
Decker, H., Acknowledgment to. iit
—, Cer tificate from

SOS chy ee ret aa eae ii,
aon EvAn- Bilection Olea. se. V;
Dercorau, Ice-caves near ...... ate de

Dercres spinosus, Occurrence of... .1

Decricus pallidupalpus, Notes on. .i, 2

Dererr, Occurrence of........ =o SU
Drrre, Jonny, Acknowledgment to, 111,
Derintrron of morphologic terms, iv,
DerernHina lineata, Occurrence of,

re, GS USS USI tine TG 142,
Dr_MAr, ALEXANDER, .quoted on

MOUMGs OM dersia seeds Ss ie
DELPHINIUM azureum, Occurrence
Olewefesiec Bo aoe a coUaee Ae alte
— exaltatum, ——........ Be eke es
DENDROCINUS terebrans, —- —...... i
DENDROICA esta, — —.........-V;
— blackburnix, ——..... Metco Os
=A CEN LUEWs, ——— oc 'Sfapeiayeedse 0%. 0) ous J0"s V;
— C&rUlescens, — —......02-2520- Vv,
= CUES = Bais cheharsiaiteters Vv;
== (CORUNA Bano coon aor Vv,
— maculosa, ——...... sbo0ndma0 V;
— palmarum,— —...... WS e Vv,
—pensyluanica, — —......-:.-2+ Vv,
SUPE a Say Svapetarer oye aia; hia ee Vv,
DA (2 Ne teat oe BPE Soto acco NE
= UCN Sf —— ie 2 Bsa atckess, 2 charts, © 52s
DENISON, M.L., Resolution of thanks
TOFS eyes REEL Sol eM
Denmark, Donations from... ...ili,
Dennis, A. B., Election of..... awa
Denrauium antillarun, Occurrence
Ohicc eee ee Cheha rete ty Ai hetero V;
= HOUNRGIEIINs = == Sop nach eca ton” Vv,

Page
69
9

165
44

i, 10, 57, 59, 60, 61,

276
227
95
98
230
45
180
262
86
135
77

393

Page
Dentaxium dentale, Occurrence of.ii, 241
‘— disparile, ——....... eH NTs, Ma,
— lubricum, — —........... scene 2 fh0)
— striolatum, —— .............. ii, 241
DenTARIA laciniata, ——..... sere tac
— —, Vernal appearance of ..... li, 134
Dentirion of mollusks ...... BE ON ioe Ae
DERMESTES caninus, — — ......... i, 190
=! FOSCUOMUS,| ses se oie 5/3 i, 179
— lardarius, — —......... 0.000 -e re 7A,
— mannerheimii, — —..... eee i, 179
— marmoratus, — —. .i, 179, 190, 201, 203
— nubilus, ——............-. i 179, 201
=> LOL PINUS a aie a ys eiaieiak tee oie i TG)

Drrmopy, Tuomas, Election of....1, 7

Des Mornes, Birds of... =v, Lis
DESCRIPTIONS of genera. Suit. 12, 282 eva

29, 45, 82, 102, 282

— — species (see species).
DesmMaArest, E., Reference to work

of, on Solpugide Preis 200, 299

Wp oh 27 35

DrsMra maculalis, Occurr ence of. . , 192
DESMODIUM dillenii, ar aoa Ge ot 66
— illinoense, ——..... we ie i, 259, 260
— paniculatum, ——...... « eeiare aes i, 156
Desprerz, Cesar, cited on ground

1GGr sss eet een, eae Ee iM, saa
DEVONIAN rocks......... 111, 166; v, 100
DIABROTICA ieee ee Occurrence

Obs Saeeee ei ae meas ail, ies 173
ee DULOED st Sees, Jims es vse es , 172
DIAL, JosHua, Election of .:...... i

Dre: ELUS purpuratus, Occurrence of.i, 169

— sculptilis, — —.............. .1, 169
=— splendidus,— —"s.....:: Sit pro.a © ie 169
Dicentra cucullaria, —— ........ 1, 154
— —, Vernal appearance of ...... li, 135

Dickey, S. H., Election of, as honor- :

ary Members oo) lena ee 15.0 ee
Dick|£]son, , cited on Natchez

DOEVIG! ccf none aac eee ie iv, 276
Dianron rock, Discussion of..... ii, 105
—, Reference to etchings on. ...iv, 114
Dimmocr, L. N., Acknowledgment

iO} GPO Ae Cae ee Pe pep eee il 2),
—, Election of..... Wot eerie i, ats
—, Letterfrom............ Reh kerk rine ILIV:

—, Valuable donations by .ii, 190; ili, 15

Dineutus assimilis, Occurrence of .i, 170
Dionpba nubila, — — ............v, 75
Dreiax flavibasis, — —...... ee oles A0)5)
Dip.esion blennioides, —— ......v, 78
DireLoponta candeana,— —..... .v, 66*
— semiaspera, — —.............. v, 66*
== SOOT! saleio es bo 0) a5 theres Si Ve OGS
Dreroraxis brevicollis, — —.......i, 203
— liberta, ——................ Baral)
Dipreryara pinastri, eee i, 192

304

Page
Disonycna abbreviata,Occurrence of .i, 172
— alternata, — —..... ere 190
— UF, iangularis, —_—— , 181

Districr oF COLUMBIA ‘Bark lice in, ii, 296
—, Donations from...... Ss eats ‘ii, 59
DoprcaTHEoN meadia, ——...... i, 160
Donan, CHARLES A. , Collection by. iv, 191
— , Elec WOO ane Be Ae ii Ae ii, 128
= ’ Reference to work of . oe ay 88
Dor, GEORGE W., Collection ‘of. ili, 97
—, Valuable bequests by. .11i, 103+ ty 13
— — donations by....... ii, lit; 11,26
Dor, Gitm An, Election of . ii, 129
DorRFLINGE R, CARL, ——........ v, 230
Dorrinea, ApoLro, cited on Pyrgul-

OpSiS SPINOSUS...... wel Oe
DoLAToOcRINUS triadactylus, Founding

of species.....). stile setite aie saste iv, 100

Do.ervs aprilus, Occurrence of.i, 188, 206

— bicolor, ——...... nce Repeated i, 206
— colaris,-— — ..........20eee only AUG
Do1icHonyx oryzivorus, ——..... v, 136
DoxicHosoma foveicollis, — — i, 190, 191
Do.ium galea, — —........ ii, oh. v, 04
— perdix, —— ........... li, 237; v, 54
Dotuincer, J. V., Valuable donation

Bioer Cheek a nig skeen setae Peet ay 0)
Donacta cuprea, Occurrence of....1, 181
— emarginata, —— ...........06. ite iis
DonanuE, M., Election of ...... aris aa)
Donations, Lists of....... Terabe s insta)?

iii, 14, 43; iv, 13
Donax denticulatus, Occurrence of.v, ¢ 63*
— fossor, — —

— protractus, — — ........-.04-- li, 248
— variabilis, — —..... ii, 248; v, 46, 63*
Doo.ry, JAmMes, Valuable donation
ID Cheer kee casts RN ete Ee oN ili, 15
Dorcus mazama, Occurrence of ...1, 203
Doryrenora decemlineata, — —. ay 173
Dorytomus mucidus, — —.1, 173, 82, 204

Dosu, J. P., Election of ..... ..- (a 76

Dostnra discus, Occurrence of ...i1, 246
v. 65*
— elegans, — —.....6.... ii, 246; v, 65*
— LEENA ep Stes OIA a Ahoy li, 246
a CIS Vm vizia Shoes ete ates ateutrere Vanuow
Dovaias, ——, Reference to work
Oli Me eee ee eae eis ¥ 185
Dow, Grorce §. C., Election of . 10
Dow, ARs Benet ahi Rane BR 185
—, Merge seenlation ONeo a8 iv, 209
—, Valuable donation by ....... iy «61
Dow er, B., cited on ancient hu-
man skeleton ........ Phases iv, 276
— — — antiquity of man....... iv, 278
Drasa caroliniana, Vernal appear-
BUCCOLT ain taste: eres}

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

DAs ABA cuneifolia, Occurrence of. . .i,
Mine bhi Weitere yey al lets!
ie AKE, 8. lak , Election of ee iil,

DRASTERIA erechted, Occurrence of. ii, 192
DRaAstTEeRIus dorsulis, ——..... i 171
— elegans, —— .........1, 180, 201, 203
DreIssENA leucophaeta, ——...... ii, 244
DreIssensta leucophxata, — —....v, 69*
Drirr, Carboniferous, —— ..... ili, 129
Drom xowus cylindricollis, — —....i, 171
DryoBates pubescens, — —....... v, 132
— villosus, ——.......0e cece eee v, 182
Durour, Lron, cited on Solpugidee,
helices Prnmeee eH O45 year!
—, Reference to work of, — —..i), ” 286,
295— 999
Duars, Ant., — — — — — — .. ii, 289
Duaes, Evcenr, Election of...... li, 232
— quoted on Solpugidee ..... A). 11, 204

Dumerti, A. M., Reference to work
of, — — ili, 284-287,
DumeErtt, C., ill,
Dumont, CrtARLES EMMANUEL, cited
on ancient pottery ...
Duncan, GoverRNoR JOSEPH, cited on
Putnam genealogy ..
—, Reading of letter from

294
287

Duponcrau, Perer Srepuen, cited
on Indian Counting. /2 Fs nee Hise fal
DurFesr, C.5., Election of........ Vy, 227.

Duran, D. W C., Letter from, on
pipes and tablets........... iv, 312
Duvernoy, C. L., Reference to work
of, on Solpugidee ie opal
Dysart, Josepn, Acknowledgment
GO sos ccs miss 81
Dyscrtrtus patruelis, Occurrence of. i 1, 200
— salivagans, Description of species, 1, 268
— —, Note ‘Om. . iqiene tree meee i, 201
— —, Occurrence of ............. i, 200
Dysopta chrysanthemoides, — —...i, 159
Dyriscus marginicollis, — —..i, 178, 191,

291

202
Eaps, A. D., Election of.......... Teo oe
Eaps, Lurner T., Agency of, in
founding the Academy. .i, 1; ii, 195
—, Appointment of, on finance com-
Miittee . ..'..../2. eee VAY
—, Articles of incorporation bY: cso
>, Constitutional amendment by. Bef) Vat
ne Election of, as trustee ........1, 2
— — — — treasurer........ 17 3.41, go

—, Presence of, at organizing meet-
i yea eis eae

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page ~
Eaps, Lurner T., Record of paper
by Peet ab at ho sedis taodeeuatens re els}
—, inesnitions by. EPs thsi bait ho}, XO)
—, Valuable donation by........ili, 26
Eaps, Samuxn, Election of....... eh a7,
EartiquaKkes, Abstract of lecture
OGRA CAM Peary ook Nake hs alesneer aes On
Communications on........:. Vv, 23
East Davenport, Sectionat..... iii, 106
Karon, D. C., cited on ferns......iv,' 74
Earonta pennsylvanica, Occurrence
Olean Sean sen Bete waists Ce sai ii, 260
Epurta quadrigeminata, — — .i, 172, 17:
Kcntnacea angustifolia, ——.....1, 159
EcHINELLA nodulosa, ——........ Wn BY)
Kcrrocysris lobata, ——...... sal, 58
Ecurnospermum deflecum, Deserip-
AVON OTe Fae oh ce AAR ae se ee li, 260
— —, Occurrence of.. i, 148; 1, 259
ce MOU aa Ne ayn ot ten shen esl G
— redowskui, Description of...... iv, 29
— —, Occurrence of ............ ip, ad
— subdecumbens, — -—.........4.. i, 148
Ecuiresr of the sun, Record of..... ye aeae
Ecropistes mi igratorius, Occurrence
CO) ts ae eee Cn meee EIA Rae, v, 124
PD UCAMION MOG ernment saicerek v, 243
Epwarps, Frank, Election of ...iv, 208
Epwarps, Henry, Acknowledg-
IM CMES Oates er ecnb hs eho Srmlteli
—, Association of, with J. ’D. Put-
MVM TUS ecicco ype atec Cogattbc aire sits ii, 235
—, Collections by. iii, 3. 68, 266, 267, 275
—, Election of ......0... 2. Be ooillnt)
—, Memorial letter from........ iii, 218
—‘quotedon development of lar vee. 1,278
—, Record of letter from........ Hy, ALG
—, ; Valuable donation lie oe ee Sida
Epwarps, W. H., cited on butter.
flies aya oct SE Me vay tare i, 182, 195
ei lection of Vasee ane hue a li, 128
, Reference to work of ......... i, 174
Erriey DUES eset otter Betechin alse Lo
Eaan, W. C., Election arsenite iii, 134
Eapert, Henry, Ce iv, 227
EHINGER, GrorGE E., Acknowledg-
MEIGS! COs ae a i, 126, 258; ii, 169;
iv, 27, 66
Kicawarp, D. E., Reference to work
of, on Solpusidie See erent toeh ili, 288
Erexnorr, Hermann, Valuable do-
nation DA dera es ponte 2 ai, wk
E.macrinus meloniformis, Founding
OMSNE CIES ey. pct aera wn cue tie sel, Cll
— obovatus, — — —...........2.. iv, 88
ELANOIDES ‘for ficatus, Occurrence of. v; 126
Evapuipion parallelum, ——..... i, 172
——NOCENUM 0 4 crawerainys Aa) veherore lar 20S

[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.]

Bio |
Page

ELAPHIDION wnicolor, Occurrence
Ol aiatig EA lacie pase ate ire
ELapurvs californicus, ——...... i, 190
— lecontii, — —. 2... . eee eee eee 1, 200
= TUSCOMUUS —— —— eesiats, Sey Sek eels F i, 169

Euper, J. M., Acknowledgment
WORSR OO oE COOnOo Comer Cer Wie) welll
EvprincE, C. H., Election of......i, 10
—, Record of communication by.iii, 105
== ——'— letter from... “jnhsa52 3: ni all
Evection of officers. .i, 1, 40, 55, 85 ; 11, 1,

77, 218; iii, 13, 105, 161; iv, 11,
221, 240; v, 195, 216, 245, 272
Evrocu aris obtusa, Occurrence of. ay 170
— palustris, —— ............ 164
— wolfi, Description Fp May i 69
— —, Occurrence of......... sacle. oe!
ELEopEs extricata, — — . a 181, 190, 204
— hispilabris, — —....... , 190, 1919204
—nigrinda, ——....- ch ,181, 190, 204
== ODSCUNA alae chet hoki a= a 191, 204
= OUS0LELM— hs fa). ants 2p Wee i, 181
— pimelioides, ——...... Tse 191, 200
=> SULCUD CNIS —— et tet cah bape etal a i, 204
ELEPHANT CARVINGS, Defense of. .v, 23
— mound, Letter concerning the.iv, 318
— pipes and inscribed tablets ; C.E.
SULNVAUME ttasyeea rater a sc areckoreioe iv, 253
— —, Defense of .......... iv, V;_V, 215
— —, Figures of...............- iv, 271
— —, Occurrence of..... li, 348; ii, 154
— —, Vindication of ....... : Y, 237
—, Recency OBtHE:, saiciacctys oer iv, 309
ELEPHAS primigenius, Occurrence
Olea eos: amass on oto i, 98; iii, 177
ELEUSINE indica, —— .......... ii, 170
IDiptore, Wh Ibe, IEC uN Wii. Be ooo oc iii, 139
Ex, Occurrence of......-. Meo allsly exes
Exxiort, J. D., Collection by..... v, 252
Exuis, G. M., Acknowledgment to.v, 81
Exuista nyctellia, Occurrence of... .i, 161
Ets, C.S., Election of, as trustee.i, 2
_, Vacation of trusteeship Dy ac ie 13
E_Mer, W.A., Collection by...:. iii, 163
EMARGINULA emar( ginata, Occurrence
OE rating Seige te NOs ga aaaieee eee Wa Oe
— octoradiata, — —.............. v, 63
= HUM, deen Say os
Emets, H. A., Election of.......-. iv, 227

Emerton, James H., Collection by,

ili, 252, ge 276
==) Wlectiomko te oiien. .oaeias seas , 128
Empronax acadicus Occurrence of fe 18
— flaviventris, ——.............. Vv, 35
— minimus, — —........-6.. Sonia, lat
— pusillus trailii, ——........... v, 1385
Encyciopepra Lonprnensis, Refer-
ence to work of, on Solpugidee. iii, 282

[June 18, 1893]

306

Page
Enpiicu, F. M., cited on ancient
mortar ........ on ep sit ells 118
Enpropia effectaria, Occurrence of. li, 192
— marginata, — —...........4.. ii, 192
ENGELBRECHT, W. , Acknowledgment
GOP a Segoe see Aen rep oT Bs Bat eae 93
—, Certificate from... ........... li, 98
Enaetuarpt, F., cited on ground
IOC 55 8. o sels Brace omacaehe li, 353
ENGELHARDT, C., cited on ‘primitive
ATG Payee bates tosis cee ies heehee wee HVE e Lule
ENGELMANN, Grorce, Acknowledg-
GentMO. chs hose shesvotkyy (G6
Association of J. D. Putnam
Wel ee eis nee: SEO es Gb
— cited on grasses....... ery ae ks)
— — — Sagittaria...............iv, 29
— — — Utah flora.......... «tem 146
—, Dedication of memoir to..... iv, 45
—, Description of species by......1i, 26
—, Election of.......... ee Se 1h ene 35)
—, Meeting in honor of..........ii, 278
—, Memorial letter from. . Stuy, ZAG:
—, Obituary notice of........... iv, 242
—, Reference to death of ........v, 200
— — — work of........ seit ee iii, 280
ENGELMANN, GrEorGE J., Election
Ol ye cise sahic ata ess Bere ell ele
—, Valuable donation by.. iti) ohh
—, , Reference to work of......... IN a7
Enatna turbinella, Occurrence of..v, 53
ENGLAND, Donations from... .ii, 64; iii,
ee 39
Ensts americanus, Occurrence of. .1i, 248
EnromMo.oaicaL Cius, Reference ie
work of, on Solpugidee. . ii, 305
Entomoxuoey of Davenport ....... i, 169

—, Work of the Academy in. 1i, 123 ; ‘iii, 3

Eparcyreus tityrus, Occurrence of.1i, 191
Eprrouus lunatus, —— ..... need feller 209
— mercatus, — — ........... Ae age 25)
Epnemera, Indian name for...... i, 192
Epricauta cinered, — —.. 0... is Ee 173
—= ¢onvoluult, =... ..ciseseeetel, LIS
— ferruginea, ——.......05.00005 i, 204
— fissilabrus, ——..... cre SAR 1, 200
— lemniscata, — —....s.ceecceces 1, £73
— maculata, ——............ 7h LESsiy aI
— pensylvanica, — —..........06- i, 173
— pruUinosd, — — ... eee eee eee eee i, 181
— puncticollis, — —..........i, 191, 200
— sericans, ——.....202..0-0. 1, 18t, 191
Epriosium angustifolium, Occurrence

OA scart Utah fuds obs : a, 150, 157
— coloratum, ——.......... eee, Le
== palustres——> sac emiese Cer eed, Lod
EPpmpactis gigantea, —— ......... i, 148
EQuimsetuM arvense, — —..... 2 tiv, 68

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Eaqutserum hiemale, Occurrence of.iv, 68
— levgatum, — —........ 5 natt See
— limosum, — —............+..1V, 68
— robustum,——....... 5 +-selepadpe AO
ERAGROSTIS " pectenaced, ——.....1i, 260
ERAStTRIA carneola, — —.........1i, 192
ERAtTo manguerix, ——........- Y, 52
Eresia tyndarus, ——. .........1, 185
EREUNETES pusillus, —— ......-.V, 122
ErGATES spiculates, —— .........1, 180
Ericuson, W. F., Reference to work
of, on "Sol pugidee Fee. ii, 293
ErtGrron canadense, Occurrence of. i, 158
— flagellaris; — —.........2.2-. : be 152
— philadelphicum, — —..........: Tt59
ER10GONUM racemosum, — —..... was 147
EriropnHoruM gracile, ——....... iv, 28
Erismarura rubida, ——........Vv, 118
ERMINES, , cited on disease.. .iii, 124
ERRATA. 1, 267, 284; li, 288, 347,357; iv, 348
—..1, 7, line 24; : insert— Three in-
scribed tablets of bituminous
shale and a small animal figure
from mound 38, and inscribed
limestone tablet from mound 10
of the Cook farm group, and
the inscribed stones from Cle-
ona; all described in volume ii.
Erviita concentrica, Occurrence of.v, 72
— nitens, ——.......... AES Sarid Wey
EryneuM YUucen. folium, —-;.-.2...1, 158
ErystmMuM cheiranthoides, as eg ne
Erytur«a douglasii, ——........1, 148
Eryrirontum albidum, — —...... i, 164
— —, Vernal appearance of...... ii, 135
— americanum, Occurrence of... .iii, 170
— grandiflorum, ——...........- i, 150
— propullanes, ——.........- 13 Baie es
Eskimo, Relations of the........ili, 5
EKsox vermiculatus, Occurrence of. LY, Ad
Esruras, Description Of roe eae iii, 109
Eruposroma ccruleum spectabile, Oc-
currence0f..2 2 eteee eee -v, 79
— punctulatwm, ——........ BERN iey lke)
ETHERIDGE, Ro eRT, cited on blas-
toids ...... «aha Roni: aietenete NVM LO
Eucumres egle, Oceurrence of... . mn, 192
Euciipta cuspidea, ——......... li, 192
Eupamus pylades, ——.......... i, 175
Eupryas grata, — —...... GL; ato
— UNIO, — —.... cece eee 1, 197-9:
EvuGnamptus angustatus, ——.....1, 173
EuLiMa conoidea, ——..... 2 ots aN erp
— jamaicensis, —— ............ li, 239
— psila, ——....... sieinelcl a bictel tam
EvomMPHAtus decewi, — —.......ili, 127
Kupatortum ageratoides, ——.....i, 158
— altissimwm, — —... sere eee eee “ii, 126

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I—V. 307

Page
Euparortum perfoliatum, Occurrence
OU E a Sse Se cc ntse ceo eae i, 158
— purpureum, Se ee i, 148, 158
EvuPHorsia commutata, ——..... Nj atl
= COT OUMLU —— ——=" nara ee) 3 18 ald vanso ty 162
— geyeri, — —..... Stages okeng, eee li, 259
— hypericifolia, ——...... Seeley: i, 162
— maculata, — —...... esas lie eatery
=a ODUUSOLG,§ —='—— 52, « ty alve svase syelayers li, 259
Kurieura caudata,——....... v, 47, 50
= municiformis, — — ......-.. i323 00
KursycHoMa geometrica, — — ....i1, 272
Evuprorera claudia, —— ......... i, 184
HuprycHt1a eurylus, — —.1, 175; 0,19, 191
Europe, Solpugidee from........ ‘ii, 267
Euryora inda, Occurrence of... .i, 171,
180, 203
Husarrus reticulatus, ——........ i, 181
Eurrapepia transversata, — — ....1i, 192
Evans, Jon, Election of......... ier
EVANS, JOSEPH, — —...........- Vv, 232
Evarrurus orbatus, Occurrence
Ole S23 boo eoaoaee commence i, 169
Everert, Epw ARD , Sponsor for Squier
FARDID ER eae ie ee iv, 289
Evererr, J. T., Acknowledgment
OPP events ee ott, + ii, 71, 89
EVIDENCE, Nature of scientific. lv, 283
Exocnitum mundum, Occurrence
Gis ape) atten Bao niack A hoe cote i, 206
Exocuus carinatus, — —.......... i, 206
STEER ae Ae Seo 1, 206
EXpLoration (Mound) near Joslyn,
Rock Island county, Illinois ;
GE PRESTON Sistas 6 oh ioye' Sie iv, 198
— of a mound near Moline, Illinois;
J. Gass and R. J. FARQUITAR-
SON) acerons Cairne Cle ane tere li, 288
————— Utah lake, Utah ; Jurta
dy Nd we Ree tier: ie Mes:
—-—— on the Allen farm ; w
PEW AR AMET yooh tape ie Pate satwi ets wh ili, 90
— — mound number 10, Cook’s
Barmmigroupi; J: GaASs.). ..c.<: ui, 141
— — mounds in Louisa county,
Towa; A. BLUMER . Ramet ili, 152
—— ; J. GAss ..-.111, 140
— — — — Mercer county, Hlinois : ;
Je G ESSA ave Fe ens OS ERTS i, 147
——hnine mounds in Rock Island
eons Illinois, May 19 to 23,
1881; C. T. Lrxpury and C. L.
Amie Spatay ees .uscbleKk ote ath 7
— —six Indian burial erounds in
the vicinity of the “mouth of
Rocksrivers JeGAssnes cmc li, 304

(Report of ) of Indian graves; J.
Gass .. ial

) ei é)en6 fae wie) 6 w\e:6eie) ea

Page
EXPLORATION (Report of mound)

near Pine. oe Muscatine
county, lowa; C. E. Harrr
SONG Hoe yeteeereics Slee s oeetatere arte iv, 197
— — — of mounds in Rock Island
county, Illinois, in 1879 and
Sts) dig (CONS es ose a sei, JIS
EXPLORATIONS (A connected account
of the) of mound number 3,
Cook’s Farm group; J. Gass.ii, 92
— (Additional) at Toolesboro; C. E.
Harrison and W.H. Prarr..v, 43
— (Mound) in 1875; A.S. Tirrany.i, 113
—— — —; C.T. Linptey....... i, ata
— —— Jackson county, lowa; C.
Ate IG INID ISIS Yin eeoreras fers i, 83
— in Idaho and Montana in ‘1878:
Hed BERRHOUD. +... Sasie eae ili, 83
—of mounds at Albany, Illinois;
Wi PBPAm e929 Sicrencte eetis iii, 88
— — — in Mercer county, Illinois;
J. Gass. dpparpaeicah iil tee ili, 147
— (Report of ) of mounds in Rock
Island county, Illinois, in 1879
and 1880; J. GAss..... Sam saitlil, ae:
— — — — the ancient mounds at
Albany, Whiteside county, Ili-
TLOUS Vg bel av AUIn ey eer We)
—— — — Toolesboro,
Louisa county, Iowa; W. H.
BRVACIND ofa acta ibyeatcte We ae hats Peele LOG
bee TL. M.; In memory of Joseph

Duncan Putnam.............. lll, V
Fasricius, JoHANN Cureist, Refer-
ence to work of, on Solpugi-

(6 ee emresrte BAe rRNe aie ote ill, 280, 282
Fanaareta venustula, Occurrence ‘of. sty PAU
Fatco columbarius, — —......... v, 128

—= SPATVETIUS, —= —.. een ecerancee .v, 128
Faux, Turopore, Election of. aeveliveeead
EF pis cates F., Important proposal

Dy acres tucks Syne Age uae li, 188
Farapay, Miciart, Character of,

Geel. 2 aN ee es .v, 241
Fartow, W. Gs Election of...... ii, 128
—, Valuable donations WD yasrencteis iii, 15, 26
Farner, P., Election of ........1v, 213
Farnsworth, P. J.,. —— ....,...V, 23
—, Record of letter from.........v, 228
Farquuarson, JAMES, quoted on

AROUUAG! HOEY, Soa gooes ea ee . li, 304

FarquyHarson, Lypra, Message of
CONGOIENCEEO, 5.162.500 LV AO

308 DAVENPORT ACADEMY
Page |

FarquHarson, Ropert JAMES; A
study of skulls and long bones
from mounds near Albany, Illi-

TIGIN Pe eet ee Pees a ee i, 114 |

—, Acknowledgment to......-... i, 86
—; Annual address of the presi-

GeUGE Sens sate see eae eee mm |

—, Appointment of, on memorial

COMMNELCE so arterie tn ot-eiabialo ieee li, 185 |

— — — — standing —. .ii, 5, 6, 80, 218; |
ill, 67, 107, 161

ES TOSTADILY OL ne oh aie oes ieee Iv, 201 |

— cited on inscribed tablets ....ili, 74 |

——— mounds................ ii, 95 |
— — — primitive pottery......... 188
=—— Vonection. Dy. Jc 55.5220 e/a ee E

— = delegated toeA AJA. S. say eG.

; Do rifle balls, when striking the

” animal body, hurn?> 4. .....2: Rae BE

—— MiecitOn Of 2ids2 cess oe cemee Talo. y

— — —aslibrarian..i, 66,85; ii, 1; at 1S a)

— — — — president............ 218 |
— — — — trustee........ a, SK Hh 13
—, Memorial resolutions on..... iv, "248

— = Obitnar y resolutions by ..... ii, 82 |

; On the inscribed tablets found
” Dy Reverend J. Gass ina mound

near Davenport, lowa........ ii, 103 |
—; Post-mortem examination of a
[BOU- CONSITICLOT, = 2 ovale aint - it, 230: |

— Sake on elephant pipes.. iy, 262, 2 278
; Recent archeological discoveries
at Davenport, lowa, of copper
axes, cloth, etc, supposed to have
come down to us from a prehis-
toric people, called the mound-
builders 3. seis cic ees Ll 7
—, Record of acknowledgment to.i, 14
— — — biography of...... iv, v; v, 202 |
— — — communications by...i, 58, 71;
iil, 134
— — — death of................ iv, 247
— — — memorial address by... .1ii, 185 |
— — — papers by...i, 16, 62, 73; ii, 70,
207, 254
1, 56, 77

— — — reports by.............
—, Reference to work of........ i, 100
— — — death of..........-..... v, 200
— — — papers by.... ......... ili, +2
—, Report of, as auditing commit-

i, 212 |
ali 96 |
, 153

11

— — — — librarian. .1, 83; i,57;
— — — building onianeittes by..

—-—— publications ie wets =

; The formation of ground ice in

’ the rapids of the Mississippi.ii, 349 |

—, Valuable donations by.i, 224, 225 1:

57; ili, 15; iv, 24 |

| FARQUHARSON,

| Fascrotarta distans, Occurrence of,

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

| FARQUHARSON, Ropert J Ames, Votes

of thanks to.2%. here i, 60; iii, 13

_—and J. Gass; Exploration of a

mound near Moline, Illinois .ii, 288
Tromas, Acknowl-
edement?to. : .a:cs222eeceee ii, 148
in shell mounds.. .1i, 228, 254; v, 51

— gigantea, Occurrence of. .ii, 234: v, 51

— — — — in shell mounds...... li, 228
— tulipans, Occurrence of. .ii, 234; v, 50
— — — —in shell mounds...... ii, 228

| Fauaut, V. R., Election of, as hon-
orary member.......-+0++ (Teg uated
Fauna of Florida.......... ii, 232; v, 46

_ Favosrres hemispherica, Occurrence
Of... chee Ae li, 263

Fawcerr, H., Sketch of British
Museum by: 222-2 eee © 2.9, 227

Feperow, Mrs. G., Valuable dona-
tion by .:'.’..i.+.uenee eee een ii,” 26

Feservary F., Acknowledgments
tO .. 62.0. ssbee eee i, 17, 26
FrservARY, Karon, Election of. ii, 167
— , Valuable donation by: S05 “ti, 61
Festuca elatior, Occurrence of... .i1, 260

| Fickxe, C. A., "Appointment of, On
standing ‘committee ........ lii, 67
| —, Election of. ». 0202322000 eeeee li, 205
Fipta murina, Occurrence of...... i, 172
Fipuar, W. F., Election of ...:..iv, 227

| Frevp, B. ee Valuable donations
DY : 2). ..0..2 site ae eee ii, 15, 26

Fravrer, Louts, cited on elephants. iv, 269

Fimpristyuis capillaris, Occurrence

of... 14.9... SOC eee Pei ie
FINANCE CoMMITTEER, Reports of. . .ii, 26 ;

lii, 9; iv, 224; v, 204

Finiey, Mary A., Reference to work
of 3... oo. eee iii, 108
Frror, V. M., Election of........ i, 291

FIscHer, HEINRICH, cited on primi-
tive carving». {pie seme iv, 118

| Fisn, Fanny E., Acknowledgment
10. ccc anes s eee Meare Pee 1
Fisuer, J. B., ——..........---:- li, 1Vv
—, Election of......... ic; Soe i, 74
FisHer, Mrs M., — —.......... Lil; ee

FIsuer, 5. a, ‘Appointment of, on
standing committee .......- lili, 67

FIsHEs ( memoranda on a collection
of) from the Ozark region of
Missouri; R. Ertswortu Catu.yv, 73

FissurELLA alternata, Occurrence

OL: che soe 20:0! hoes ii, 241; v, 63
— barbadensis, — —...........-- v, 63
— cancellata, — —......2--+-.2+- v, 63
— fasciata, — —.. 0... e ceca eee eV, 68

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS

Page
FissuRELLA fascicularis, Occurrence
OB ceer < Meee serace etcetera Ver | Oo
— gemmulata, ——...... See v, 63
= [Stet = sv dete eee ees se, (8
— NOd08A, — — .- eee ee eee eens v, Go
FIstuLtpora occidens, — —...v, 101, 107
Frrcu, Asa, Association of, w ith J.
D.@utnam ?/...... pe SiG 228)
— cited on bark lice parasites... .ii, 332
se EChLOM Obfesacyseses oa ris oie li, 153
— quoted on bark lice.. .1i, 294, 297, 33
—, Record of death of.......... ili, 103
Finca, G. W., Election of ..i, 81; ii, 6
Friaauer, D. W., Acknowledgment
(OM, pea cenc ean eta socom mca U1, 35
=e EC ELON) Ole ae cto ae) scon ses ili, 81
—, Valuable donations by ....iii, 15, 57
FLEMING, J. R., Election of...... iv, 227
IGETGHBRS De iA sas he ere ui, B7/

Frora of Iowa, Additions to the,
i, 153; ii, 255
— — — (Contributions to the) ; sees

CNA THURS tals wire seers li, 126
— — — No EI; Je Ci Ar
ENR etcl eres es tas ees A are li, 25
—— — — — — No IV; J. C. Ar-
AEA OD aoe Stine Beare Beate RG OTe iii, 169
—— INOMVes Ji Czcan=
MEN URGES ot eave acters Sole « Balen 27k
——— — No VI; J. C. Ar-
SEEDURE gy Wes Sio-cisnoverh cra ah otra wats iv, 64
— — —, Record of additions to. Fe ag
— — Lower California .......... fh 26
— — the Pacific coast.. “iil, IA SIVA oil
38, 48, 69; v, 35, 166, i7p, 185
TU GeV isu sate sare tcte fay chive we shakee hs <1, 145

Frioripa, Aboriginal pottery of. .iv, 194
—, Copper implements irOTMM es a 127

—, Fossil human bones from... is v, 276
—, Marine shelis of............. ll, 232
—, Mollusca of...... tases ote Vert 40
—, Shell mounds of........ yee ee
—, Shells and corals from........ li, 202

Solpugidee from.......11, 36; iii, 252
FLoyp country, Section in........ v, 101

Frukr, W. H., Appointment of, on

standing committee. .iv, 240; v, 200

—, Election of..... sp eeteeneny seaM Li saoou
...1v, 240; v, 195

—, Report of, ——........ ..V, 196, 209

FLuMinicona fusca, Occurrence of. a 133
Fopers, F. E, cited on disease. . 124
FONTAINE, E. cited on Petite rene iv, 276
Foop- -GROOVE, Morphologic defini-

PIOTINO fei es Ae ees hone Seyertel Wee LUG
Foorer, SARAu, Election of..... walvn 202
Fores, 8. A., — —...... Nesey Ll, MLS

—, Letter from .....

VOLUMES I-V. 3°29
Page
Force and Motion; W. H. Prarr.i, 75
Forp, Joun, Acknowledgment to.v, 48
—, Dedication of species to ...... Ve (ae
Foreman, E., cited on . elephant
TROUT Sess soe Pe iv, 318
—- Collection by 3.00. <5 6% 04. 5 Ui, 266
= Hlectionsobe rec mane sas os ee ui, 128
—, Valuable donations by..... Wd 2 Oe
Forest BED, Occurrence of. . si, | OY
Fortirication (Ancient) in “Louisa
county, Iowa; J. Gass...... ii, 183
Fossi1s, Carboniferous.......... lll, 166
—— ISCUSSIOM, Of. 55.1: asece eee li, 266
== ILOCSS Rae sete er Be Reon ot ighe OG
— (New) from the Cor niferous for-
mation of Davenport; W. H.
DARRIG bates 5 ses sine nr dares li, 282
— of the Rockford shales.......- v, LOL
—, Quaternary...... ase.spn 9 as Ve
Foster, Joun W ELLS, ‘cited on an-
tiquities Oraiatlat sit alice rete LVs) 2aosea fh
— — — copper implements....... ty UA
— — — Indian culture.......... iv, 289
— — — mastodon remains...... iv, 321
— — — mound-builders anatomy .i, 115
— — — prehistoric cloth....... <1;. 128
~ quoted Sad a aaah aad sunica Si etoen ee i, 130
— — — relations of mound-build-
CTS Kaehe eiminn. Mea aes os eee iv, 257
— — — scientific evidence...... iv, 283
Foster, Suet, Collection by...... li, 297
Fouquet, ALFrep, cited on copper
implements. -ccae tae else i 124
FRAGARIA vesca, Occurrence of ....i, 157
— virginiana, — —............66- i, 157
Fraum, Henry, Election of...... li, 253
—, Valuable donation by ..... = siliggar
Fraum, M., Deep boring by..... iii, 128

FrRANcE, Donations from

Frank, Mary, Valuable donation

saci aie
shevosavage i, 23,

40

Disa Aas cine Ss cata rere Lies Oy
FRaAvp, ‘Archzeologic. aati ce: li, 82
FRAUENFELD, GEORG Von, cited on

Hydrobia..... 5 tae craters peng atees Vena
FrRAXINvs viridis, Occurrence of...i, 162
FrepErIc, lowa, ‘Coleoptera from i 178
FREEMAN, JEEE; "Election of....... Daoe
FRENCH, CHARLES A., Valuable do-

nations gps Ao aoe eis evan i, Loe 26
FreNcH, GrorGE H., aoe ledg-

MENESiOF Metals oe 271; 111, iv

—, Announcement of death of . Vv, 279
—, Appointment of, on publications

COMMITTEES We od 5 5 sis. Soin cee 1 5G
— — — — standing —..... Soll OL (iy AL
— — — — subscriptions — ..... iv, 223
—, Collections by........ li, 274; iv, 238
= Mleehion Of: tz pasnds sd. ae a 11

DAVENPORT ACADEMY

Page
Frencu, Grorae H., Election of, as
trustee. . Ad aavs bese s uate Aveta MOL
— — — — vice-president. i, 1, 66, 85: Ae Mik
—, Enrollment of, as life member. iv, 249
— ’ Obituary resolutions on...... -v, 280
—, Record of ae a one by,
43, 49, 76; v, 224, 258
—, Reference to dcuneial work by.iv, 238
— ’ Resignation of, from finance com-
MOUIUEE GS Ae hice. wiasee hrs ele eo ii, 88
—, Resolutions by. ........ i, 48; v, 195
Frencu, Mrs Grorce H., Election

Oleg acetic itdee ee aes Beas gO
Frencu, Grorce Watson, — —...1, 76;
iv, 223
—, Record of exhibition by...... i, 224
— , Report of, as committee on C. T
Waimdile yi 5s ees c er alersinzat v, 221
FrenNcuH, JUDGE N., Election of ..iv, 22
RENCE ay a ees oie edna 85
yice-president....V, v, 245, 272
Frencu, W. M. D., Record of lecture
| Sy eee Mee ee ee AER ga Se Ate ili, 100
eed Sir Henry B. F, Reference
BO WOLKOL hee actos tee ae ..lv, 294
Fresenius, R., Election of....... iv, 213
Frrtscn, Gu STAV, Reference to work
of, on Solpugidee “lege ahs “. o« 581, 300
Froenuicuta floridana, Oceurr ence
Oley er eerie maaan 5p .. aul, ee
FULGUR perversus, — —..........V, 51
= JOYS = So Poecasessunos Viol
FULICA americana, — —.......... v, 121
Futon, A. C., Contribution of cor-
net r-stone ‘by UPd arene ebenbrete Feelie 50)
—, Mound exploration by ....... Vj 3
Fuuron, H. C., Appointment of, on
memorial committee........ ili, 185
—-——— standing —...1i,.218 ; iii, 67,
107 ; iv, 12; 207, 221 ; v, 200, 207, 217
—, Election of......... nhs per a seaeret i, 838
— ——aslibrarian............. v, 273
— — — — president........ ...-1v, 240
— — — — treasurer...... il, 233 aint, 1B}
— — — — trustee. . iif, 105, 161 ; v, 216
— — — — vice-president..... iv, 11, 221

—, Enrollment of, as life member. v, 204
-- ’ Memorial address by........1i1, 209
— — resolution by.............. v, 261
—; President’s annual address. ..v, 198
—, Record of communication by.v, 282

— — — discussion by ..:........ v, 233
— — — papers by......\. a 80; ii, 185
iv, 249 ; vy, 246, 268
— — — reading by ........... ..li, 154
— — — remarks by............. V, 224
ee eet ea ene b ae ee v, 2/6
—, Report of, as treasurer... .. ili, 8, 97

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Fuuron, H. C., Report of, on com-
mittee on animal carvings,
Cl Crichton ere acer
— — — finance committee by. .iii, 9, 95
— — — investigating — —..... Vy 220
— — — special — —....:i4.ns,0My 208
—, Valuable donation by... odie! 6 say LOO
F ULTON, He Ce bik. LYNcn, C.E.
HARRISON, C. E. Preston, and ;
Mound explorations at Tooles-
boro, Louisa county, lowa....v, 37
Funbutws catenatus, Occurrence of. bee
Fusus bicolor, — —...... eee eo

GALENA from eee Sea 1,120, 135%
i, 292, 295; iii, 148, 187
GALEODES Refeicats to abandon-
mente @eNUS «.... seas e ee iii, 251
GALEODES 7° yllipes, Occurrence of.iii, 269
— morsicans, — —.........0-+--Hl, 269
— pallipes, : aye 184, 270
— —, Say; J. D. Putwam.......-il, 38
— spinipalpis, Occurrence of.... ii, 269
— ? [stimpsoni], Description of spe-
GIES... <6 eae «des
— subulata, Occurrence of... ually 184, 270

GALEOSCOPTES carolinensis, — —...v, 157
GALERITA janus, — —............1, 169
GALERUCA americana, ——.......i, 190
— externa, — —. fee ee eee
GALERUCELLA morosa, — —.......1, 201
—~ notulata, — —..22 0. tase cee ee
Gauium bifolium, ——...........1, 150
— circezans, — —..............i, 169
— concinnum, ——.....+....-- Be Pl tS s.
— trifidum, — —........... Le Men els
GALLATIN, ALBERT, sponsor for
Squier and Davis...........iv, 289

GALLINAGO delicata, Occurrence of.y, 122
GALLINULA galeata, ——..,......v, 121
Gannon, M. V., Election of......ii, 118

GARDNER, JAMES TT. = S5-Seeere ii, 128
Garrett, D. C., — —...........iv, 227
GARTSIDE, B. W. a Appointment of,
as architect............. votuiotlly GL
») Blectioniof- .4..- eee PAL ic ii, 202
Gass, Emma, Valuable donation
Diy) site bie nay tte OR oe sell Sloe
———iinnameof ......... Bees Whe} 5)
Gass, Fiora, Valuable donation
to) PPE = ain Bec hn
———jinnameof...... Pee Alt tn"49 0)

Gass, J.; A connected account of the
explorations of mound number
3, Cook’s Farm group........ii, 92

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

Gass, J., Acknowledgments to... .i, ee
BI 148, 2 221

—; Ancient fortification in Louisa
county, lowa....-...- a SUE,

—, Appointment of, on standing
committee. ii, 80, 219 ; ili, 67, 107, 161

183

—, Character of ..... ie ceahen oy 274
— cited on elephant pipes ...... Te, AY
— — — inscribed tablets....... iu, 74

—, Collections by .i, vii, 122; iv, 308, 340
a Defense of...iv, 279, 304, 310; v, 211
; Description of some inscribed
stones found in Cleona town-

ship, Scott county, Iowa..... ii, 142
—, Discovery of oe Beak pipes
Dyiedec a caes t e eerie soe ...1v, 260
— — — inscribed tablets by. “ii, 107 ; iv,
246, 261
= IECHON OF... 5 .. SPOR re <i 74
— — — as trustee.............. lil, 161
—, Enrollment of, as life mem-
LOYEIPs rates eres ict ner EAT ii, 86
—; Examination of a large mound
in Jackson county, lowa..... li, 155
—; Exploration of moundsin Louisa
Countiyalowaleeri. 5 eee Soeeiin, 140)
—-—-—--—- Mercer county, Illi-
MOIST Scpereeore kes vont Goes iii, 147

— — — six Indian burial grounds
in the vicinity of the mouth of
eackenivietircn.2 2s) sisi.

—; Inscribed rocks in Cleona town-
” shi | Oorser : ae

—_-— tablets found by. pitas sdonitle IB:

—; Mound explorations i in 1881. iii,

— — — — Jackson county, lowa.ii,

— quoted on copper implements. .1,

— — — relations of mound-build-
GNSS Vis crassa eke ees iv, 259

—, Record of communications from,

i, 81; ii, 134, 149, 173
— — — donations by ee iv, 216, 218
— — — exhibitions by. .1i, 348; iii, 120
— — — letters from...... ii, 137 ; -v, 23
— — — paper by .. eeteeeeih, 207
——— presentation by... Ase LSZ
— —— reports by.......... ‘ii, 129

— — — suspicion attaching tos. iv, 285

-ii, iii, 200, 214, 219 ; iii,
90, 100, 108, 132, 150, 155; iv,

197, 239, 335; v, 196
—, Remarkable mound described

6, 88,

|) pees erent oe, ee a ae 2 Reet an iv, 210
—; oe of exploration of Indian
ees Gereiniia cadena Ga oe ores heel

—; — ——— mound number 10,
” Conkes Farm group... li, 141

311

Page
Gass, J.; Report of exploration of
mounds in Rock Island county,

Illinois, in 1879 and 1880... .i1i, 135

—,; —onamound in Jackson coun-
tye Eopevie Rena tena i
—, Resignation of, as trustee.....iv, 222
—, Resolution of thanks to....... ii, 82
— -— vindicating .............-: Iv, 252
—, Title of paper by..... wees eel ygeeO
—, Tributes to........ ii, 86; v, 201, 215
—, Valuable donations Le Sil aera
57; iv, 18, 223; v, 232
=, Vindication afi scude.. eas Wi, BBY

Gass, J., and R. J. FaRrQqUHARSON;
Exploration of a mound near
Moline: Milimoigte...ss 2640607 li, 288

Gass, J., and W. H. Prarr; Bones
of the mammoth in W ashing-

ton county; lowa.......... aro wyi7/
GASTROPACHA americana, Occur rence

OL ca tia ac gener Mi ceesiate a! eae eee ib aly)
GASTROPHYSA polygoni, ——...... iby kg
GAURODYTES austina, — —........ 1202
— fimbriatus, — —....... ee i, 202
— griseipennis, — —......... ite a2

GAYFORD,

, Acknowledement to. i,2

GEFFCKEN, W.., Collection by..... li, 270
GEHRUNG, aus cited on Cole

0 eM Nine icra ricer lil, 251, 253
GEISLER, E., Election of......... iii, $4
GELLIE£, J uMt£, Resolution of thanks

GO! ohsree segs Bil i tetciie = rare anes oe 78
GeneaLoay of Putnam Family.. 198
GENERA lndexttOmamsas sae ence a 269

—, Descriptions Olan, IPH, DEQ ieee.

102; v, 9, 27, 35

—, Founding of. . . .ii, 282; iv, 82: v, 9, 27
—, Revision of........ iv, 45, 102; Vv, 30
GENTIANA puber ula, Occurrence of.i, 161
== UOC Fa so nse a tera i, 161
_- heterosepala, Se rE Gr 1, 150

GENTRY, THOMAS G., Election of. .ii, 128
Genus, Confirmation of.......... Vino
— , Transfer (Oy pune Reon me teehee li, 125
GroLoaic SECTION, By-laws of the.iii, 81
—, Organization Ob Ghat. 5 tte ripe eda
—, W ork of the...... Lie jatae Pats
GEOLOGICAL SECTION, Decription of a. 1, 96
— — of the bluff at East Davenport,

WY Hit oP Ati neeyies sare meteor iii, 106
Grotoay (A defense of our eae
Wisi BARRIsi 3. o02-< os Vay elo

—‘of Davenport: ...s..a. 4s: Zo
— (Notes on our local) No. Ll; W?

HM BARRISM Ee hele eae eee iii, 163
s=— VV Onkeuiiant eres hickk ks eon lil 6
GEORGE, JOHN, Election of ..... iv, 213
GeorGIA, Aboriginal pottery of. .iv, 192

312 DAVENPORT ACADEMY
Page
GeorGIA, Donations from........ ii, 60
—, New mollusk from....... 2 ERS oy
—, Solpugidze from........ Spot 6%
GeroruLyPis philadelphia, Occurrence
OL.UPEAGeece t ERE EE Renee Beso atex: v, 155
— trichas occidentalis, — —....... v, 155
GEOTRYPES opacus, — —.......... ee ily
— semiopacus, ——...... Bete sete bella
— splendidus, — —........-.....-. 1, 174
GERANIUM maculatum, — —.......1, 156
— richardsonti, — —..........4.. i, 149
GERARDIA flava, ——........... iii, 170
— setacea, Correction of......... iui, 172
— tenuifolia, Occurrence of.i, 160 ; iil, 170
— —, Description of;........... pli
GERMANY, Antiquities from, cited. i, 74

—, Donations from ........... ili, 23. 31
Gerry VAIS, Pau, cited on Solpugidee,

ili, 251, 254
—, Reference to work of, — —. .1i1, 290,
292-4, 296
Gervis, F. I., Election of .....- 5 ae
GERVIS, Mrs F. Its Ese ee lievgs 4A
GEUM album, leer nr eet 1, 157
— macrophyllum, =i See ames ili, 169
— strictum, — —.............-. oeels ho
-— virginianum, Soin dau oan ii, 259
GIBBS, GEORGE, cited on relation of
Indians Be em CAM ye ee rep eee iv, 296
GIBSON, JOHN, cited on elephants.iv, 269
GiEBEL, C. G, Reference to work of,
on Solpugid: AS uss Secioer. ili, 297, 300
GtIFForD, Ira M., Election of ..... i -"9
GIFForD, Mrs Ira M. . Appointment
of, on standing committee. 1 67
—, Election ue iat Pena Abate Senet iz 76
Gipert, C. H., cited on Missouri
Gabon af i tous: uc re eee Vea fp
GILcrEst, BELLE M., Election of..v, 23
GILIA orcutti, Description OPRine -c iv, 40
GILL, Turopore W. , Election of. .ii, 146
GILLtA altilis, Occurrence Ole. 2Ee Ve 61
GiL[L]MAN, Henr y, cited on platye-
nemic tibia........... Se, 290
Gian, S. F., Election of ........ ee (855)
GILMorE, ELIsia D., Resolution of
Gaanks bo. cf 28 oe ee rege rs}
GIRARD, CHARLES, cited on Solpu-
Pee gee ations SE ii, 35; ili, 256
teference to work of, — —. iii, 252, 297
GIRARDIA auriculata, Occurrence of.i, 160
GITHINS, , Record of letter from,
v, 262
GLANDINI truncata, Notes on...... v, 69
— —, Occurrence Of ...052..56).. v, 48, 64
GLASPELL, CHARLES, Election of...i, 11

GLAss, CHARLEs D., —
—— — — as treasurer. .........'..

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

_ Page
Guazine of pottery....... 34
—, Primitive....... iii, 118
GLAauciIonEetTa clangula americana,

es

Occurrence of..... se ew LES
GLEDITSCHIA triacanthos, — —.....1, 157
GLIppoN, GEORGE R., cited on an-

tiquities 3s\e) sro Sap hee ae PI, al
— — — origin of Indians....... JV, 20%
GLIME, Bensamin, Election of....iv, 208
GLover, TOWNEND, cited on bark
lice.s<. 3: See sol Sere ii, 340
—, Election of...... ink 3 eben
— "quoted on bark lice... 25326 ii, 296
_ —, Valuable donations by .1i, 146; iii, 15
GLUcosE, Lecture Oni. ee eee iv, 213
GLUVIA cinerascens, Occurrence of,
li, 270; iii, 268
| — elongata, — —............. reams 26
| — formicaria, ——............. lii, 268
—(genicujaia, —= — eee us sept
| — gracilis, — —...............-ill, 268
| GLYCERIA aquatica, ——.... ...iv, 28
— fluitans, = =. 5.5. ae eee ee li, 126
GMELIN, Jo. Frip. ., Reference to work
of,on Solpugide....... se uklly Zou
GMELIN, SAMUEL GOTTLIEB, — — —

— 615 2. See ili, 280
| GNATHIUM minimum, Occurrence of. i i, pole
| GNOPH#LA vermiculata, Notes on.. ” 198
| — —, Occurrence of..... se ta 186, 198
Gopparp, Paut, Testimonial to R.

J FARQUHARSON bye. eee iv, 202

Goes debilis, Occurrence of........ 72
GOLDFUSS, A uGcust, Reference to work

of, on Solpugid............ ili, 290

| GoLpsBury, JAY, Election of..... li, 28
——-—,as ‘secretary of section. .iii, 105
—, Valuable donation by....... iii, 27
GONILOBA tityrus, Occurrence of.i, 175, 197
GONTOBASIS livescens, —— ........1, 167
— papillosa, — — ..............- v, 61

— stearnsiana, Founding of species.v, 6
GOoDALE, GEORGE L., Election of.1i, 128
Goos, WILLIAM, — —...........1V, 229
GortyNa rutila, Occurrence of ...ii, 192
Goss, B. F., Election of...... 7, 230

wees

GouLDIA mactracea, Occurrence of.1i, 245

| GRAHAM, Jonn, Acknowledgment
| £0...» Jose io Ses Darla
| —, Reference to work of........ ili, ee

Gran AM, Mrs E A., Collection by.1,
GRANT, GcB. tg Of... Sinaia 297

| Granr, H. M., i See Be ah
| Grant, W. Woe — =) a eee Iv, 227
—, Record of lecture by ...
Gr APHEPHORUM Jestucaceum, Descrip-
tion of species.........

| — —, Occurrence of . /) 3522252 lv, 67

seen

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
GRAPTA comma, Occurrence of... .ii, 191
— —, Vernal appearance of... .:.i1, 252
— faunus, Occurrence of......... li, 191
— interrogationis, — —....1, 175; ii, 191
= POG essa ole ye ry ald, ake
SOLA TUS es a elec) isiev's 30m Brea Sey i, 196
— zephyrus, ——............ i, 185, 196
GRAPTODERA chalybea,— —....... Te
EN OULLCC mt NS cher cl 5: afaicyiy elas i, 181
— inerata, — —......-.... sols WES IG)
= LOPQUMLAS —— SI wa): ale © w ieiel ot) - pel Si
GRAPTOLITHUS abnorinis, Relations
OLA ae, AMES wit eI IAS te 200
GRAVE CREEK stone, Discussion
Oita ose Odea ean ee Cie ee ae li, 106
Graves CHARLES, Resolution of
(ELOY al AIG PO pee se rl Neat PE ene i 7S
Gray, A. F., Acknowledgment to. ii, 285
Gray, Asa, Announcement of death
(2) a Ae I Saar e eer eee bajo Wa 204:
—, Association of, with J. D. Put:
ALEDIMM ytd i sharatahe tise Peds stats acai palit 232
— cited on Arctostaphylos........ Thy, ake
Steamer LONUCCLTILILE sen ore) iv, 45
— — — QIasS€S...........-- Mopeds Gl
a Diaitie plants... ss... tos
— — — Schedonnardus.......... LV
—, Election of, as honorary mem-
DEP pin ene Ree ann eine omen err a fis,
— instructor of J. D. Putnam... .iii, 200
=) better from. a.7.40.5-e0 sas anc: ing tty)
3 = 10S ee ee eee i, 145
—, Manual of, cited............. lv, 64
—, Memorial letter from........ hii, 215
—, Naming of peak for........... i, 40
— quoted on Lastarriza ......... v, 36
— — — Scutellaria parvula....... ii, 260
—, Record of letter to........... Ta, p35
—, Reference to work of. .i, 153 ; iii, 172,

174: iv, 242; v, 181
—, Tribute to J. Duncan Putnam

Mes ASG os Sasa ween Ae iv, 265
Gray, THomas, Quotation from...v, 207
Gray, Wiui1am, Election of...... i, 13
—, Record of communication by..1,- 36
Gray’s PHAK Naming Of 25. 5-2. 0 eo
GREAT BrIvatn, Donations from alii 23, 39
GREEGOR, Isataut L., Collections

DA) ee gad cua Ue ae cee v, 49, 58
GREELY, A. W., Record of communi-

cation from SSAC case eet v, 276
Green, E. L., cited on Solpugide. li, 253
—_— , Election le ee ee li, 128
GREENE, E. L., cited on Ceanothus.v, 188
— — — Harfordia............... v, 26
——a Collect Omi bive sete are eine TS 207,
GREENE, J. B., quoted on habits of

swallow..... ree ...v, 144

[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.]

40

393
Page
GREENLEE, WriLiIAM F., Election
60) RPS, Or VCIAGR Tee Meroe CI v, 276
GREER, JOHN N.,— —........... v, 247
Gree, R. P., Letter from, on pipes
aiid (uDlets: sos fens lect eas iy, 313
Grecory, J. M., Election of. ii, 153
_- Record of address by.. id 294 iii, 2
Grirrr rH, Epwarp, Reference to
work of, on Solpugidee aa be ili, 289
GRIFFITH, Lrev TENANT, Acknowledg-
ment GOW eromonta a taverns aera en 19
GRiccs, Be Ee Blection oles. ee i, 76
—, Valuable donation by....... iii, 61
GRISWOLD COLLEGE, Valuable tender
DY State are caren qeteie staate li, 162
GRONEN, Sopute C:, Appointment
of, on standing committee. . suit, AD)
=» HLECHOM Of. eae s es ree iii, 39
— ’ Memorial resolution on...... iv, 209
GRoNEN, W. O., Acknow ledgments
LORS As ot neeaser Aner a ial cae 189, 351
—, Appointment of, on standing
commiittee...... sete lil, 107, 161
=, Hlectiomuols 2 ssc aeccnceee dee ii, 202
— — — ascurator.............. iii, 105
—, Record of lecture by ........ iii, 100
— — — presentation by ........ i, 105
—, Reference to work of........ TL aly
—, Report of, as curator ........ ili, 150
—, Valuable donation by....... ili, yA
Grore, Aveustus R., Election of. iii, 146
—, Reference to work of......... ral Pe
Caan Ice, Formation of....... li, 349
Grus americana, Occurrence of...v, 120
— mexicana, ——..........-+--- v, 120
GRYLLOTALPA borealis, ——...... Tien 20
Grytuuvs, Indian name for ....... i, 192
GUATAMALA, Solpugidee from... .iii, 268
GUERIN, F. E., Reference to work of,
ontsolpucidees sees ace ili, 288, 290
GUERNEL, F. bE, — — — — — — ii! 291
Guess, GEorGE, Syllabary of.....11, 111
Guest, Mrs R., Resolution of thanks
Pc ee ae ee eee ee iy iis:
GuitzLAFF, Cart, cited on Chinese
languages Saran oa «Maser peas ni YA
GumMBEL, C. W., Valuable donation
Dist sets to site hia ete ae ae Ui, 27
GUNDLACHTIA ancyliformis, Occurrence
OP UTR are a ined he Vy ee
Gunnina, W. D., Announcement of
@eathuote ss aa: ee ER NAS v, 276
==, PleChlomroles soaacinscts noe li, 128
—, ’ Record of correspondence with. ii, 28
— — — lecture by.............. enol
— — — remarks by............. riba ss
GunsHor wounds, Features of ....i1, 93
GUNTHER, Orro, Election of...... li, 205

[June 25, 1893]

314

Page
GuRNEY, JAMES, Election of...... v, 230
Guyot, ARNOLD, eee neee li, 128 |
GymnocLapuscanadensis, eonirrenee
OR INO. NSS ee baie ts are, Se i, 157
GyPiputa leviuscula, — —.. Ae 268
— occidentalis, ——...... il, 266 , 108
GYRAULUS deflectus, ——......... i 166
SLORY a Cita oss on tek i, 133
GYRINUS analis, ——........ 1, 170, 202
GyRoceras pratti, Founding of spe-
CLES AA ARE th Hee cee See li, 287
Haas, F., Acknowledgment to.. .iii, 132

HAAs, Ps Finding of pipe by. iv, 261,
_—, Mounds on farm of.......... ili, 141
HAAs®, Aveust, Valuable donation

by. Sp Sel cee WS Lr ee iv, 228
HaseEnartia dilatata, Occurrence of.i, 149
= GEGAN8, =. is weve cerns. ii, 188
— hookeri, — —............-.-.- ili, 170
— hyperborea, eee eet ete iil, 170
Hasta ludoviciana, — —......... v, 146
Hanprix, E. P., Election of ....... To ioe
Happrx, FLORENCE, — —........ V, 239

Happrx, GRACE = =F haa sen: V, 233
HxMoropis grataria, Occurrence ie li, 192
HAGEBOECK, A. , Lithography by..
—, Record of paper by
HAcey, Eley AL, Acknowledgments
LOA e et otentos 5 i, 193, 204 ;
—, Association of, w ith J.D. But!
TANF ee es et ii, vill, 231, 250,
—, Correspondence of, with J. D.
Putnam... eee eee ii, 202
—, Determination of species by...i, 191
== MIECHONNOL... <fe seia. ii, 25; iv, 240
= Ihetter frome ss shtick se 3s is LY.
— — — on Solpugide .:........ ili, 270
—, Memorial letter from........ ili, 217
atm Indians, Art of the Baden nee al

Wa sesh aicee chad Masport.
—,R Brarenes to——...... seh aH 2
HAInEs, , Water analysis by. a
HAINES, Mary P., Collection by.. 45
—, BSc sens odes i, 62
—, Record of letters from .i, 60; ii, 17, 60
— — — valuable donations by.. sul, 214
ure! 1, 214) ii, ol 5 air, 15; 57
—, vote of thanks LORE reseed ci ieee elIG
HAtpem ANN,S.S s., cited on inscribed

GADICES: etm doetl: ote etaiteae iv, 348
Hats, E. J., Collection by....... li, 126
HALEsIpora ambigua, Founding ee

SWECIES A Ma oem noatsien arenes 1, 274

viii |

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES,

Page
Hai ets leucocephalus, Occurrence
ENE v, 127
Hautoris rufescens, Use of, as primi-
tive ‘currency: <'.-. .feeuee li, 43
Hatt, Asarn, Announcement of dis-
covery by ite oh 0.85 0 RSTO ii, 165
HA, Cuannina, Election of... .iii, 186

| Hatt, Evimu, cited on Eleocharis. iv, 69

— , Reference to work Of: fees li, 280
HA, G. R., Acknowledgment to. iii, 195
—, Steel engraving Dyn eee iii, vili
Hatt, GRACE 1B Election of,... .11, 134
—,V aluable donations by iii, 58; iv, 14
— — —innameof.............. v, 203
Hatt, IsrarL, Appointment of, on
standing committee......... li, 219
=, Election of<. -.. sae nee ii, 31
—) Enrollment of, as life member.1i, 154
—, ’ Valuable donation bye. Scbee iii, 61
Hatt, James, Association of, with J.
D. Putnam: 052) 8 eee iii, 229
— cited on blastoids............ iv, 88
— — —crinoids................ iv, 87
— — — declivity of the Missis-
SIppl-.. 2.ccs chee eee eee li, 352
— — — geology of Iowa........ iii, 166
— — — Rhyneonella............. ii, 286
— — — Rockford section........ v, 102
| —, Election of..2).52) #-eeeeeee ii, 128
— quoted on the Corniferous lime-
StOME. v.54 bed ee eee Sravate dle
—, Reference to work of... J. SY, 261
aN aluable donation by .. Caner. its 127
Hite: M. &., Election of, as mae
ary member. -4:4. 165, aaa 8

Haun, WiLtrrep~ Py Ackaowlede:
MENS “tO: hase 1, 73; 86, 219

—, Appointment of, on standing
COMMITLee see ii, 219; v, 200

—, Collections by. .ii, vii, 38; iii, 6; iv,

124, 190, 211, 224, 297, 229, "308
—, Election of Jha se eee is 74
— Enrollment of, as life member.ii, 164
— ’ Record of address byietee ay 82
— — — letters from: 7.2.2.2. V, 203, 230

— — — yaluable donations by. ~ ‘O14:
iv, 216, 218
—, Reference to collections by. v, 210, 239
— — — work of.. .iii, 100, 150, 156, 189 ;
iv, 264; v, 196, 210
—, Tributes to............ 1d, Wi eye il
—, Valuable donations by.i, 215; ii, 51,
146, 185, 254, 256; iii, 48, 58; iv, 14,
19, 207, 223, 228, 241, 245, 246; v, 231,
235, 259, 260, 262

—, Vote of thanks to............ rey 9 al

Haut, Mrs Witrrep P., Election

0) (aa oO AC oe a Ae ili, 134

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

Haut, Wii11am C., Election of... .i,
Haury, Epmunp, Reference to gen-

erosity (CVS ay clint eR eer Vv,
HALsrep, GEORGE Bruce, Reference

for wotkn@£! os. o.ec ete: iil,
HAMAMELIS virginica, Occurrence

CG ieee ieee oe eed een ana ea lv,
HAMILTON formation, Cavities with-

TWa\y [Hl oY) ebeeaeere Neer ica cate oli,
— —, Occurrence of..... The V; ii, 26,
— group, Blastoids from the ... -iv,
— —, Crinoids — —......,......iv,
— —, New species —— ........ iv,

Hamrnea antillarum,Occurrence of.v,

ICN IO — ene ee en V,
— VUreSCENS, — —.. 2. see eee Sale
Hancock, F. W., Election of ..... i,
Hanna, —, Acknowledgment

Over ce te, Vetel AS abaya eer idlahe oe lv,
Hanssen, Lours, Election of..... ili,
Harpour, J. Be Reference to work

Olena ete ales APM EE IL, li,

Harrorp, G. W. H., Dedication of
genus to....
Harrorp, W. G. W., Election of . ii,
—, Record of letter from ........
Harrorpia, Greene and Parry ; C
(Cameras t cine ant ea a eae V;

cies
STK OPIN, = 5 ob Boe Goes Vv
Harkness, H. W., Election of... .ii
Haran, James, Valuable donation

DD ae ea Set tec ncy Sie rch aoe if
Harney, C. H., Communication
[tir Paneer i Rear 1
Harpatus amputatus, Occurrence
abies Pen spareSyses A acts 1, 178, 190, 200,
— basilaris, — — . 2.2.2... ce secee 1
— calignosus, — —...... -1, 169, 173,
Se CONUD Uyeda es aveys ois a es i,
— erythropus, ——...... 1, 169, 173,
— faunus, ——..... AEM Ronee ih
— fraternus, — —............ Th lizst
— funestus, ——......... , JUSIO), sil
— furtivus, — —..- ee eee itp
— herbivagus, ——....... Shoals Jae)
==), ODESULUSS = =) oad a sinc a eo Niee els it
— pedicularis, ——.....-.....05- 8
— pennsylvanicus, — —.......1, 199,
— pleuriiieus; = ve... eee ee a
SSS PUNE eee a5 Peon aaa ie
— varicornis, — —....... 662 eee Th,
Harrer’s Macaztyn, Reference to
work of, on Solpugidee...... iil,

Harpornynenvs eens Occurrence

16
239
162

66

163
209
88
98
95
64
64
64
74

198
146

280

39

202
178
202
169
178
169
202
202
190
202
190
175
202
178
190
178

302

157
215

|

315
Page
Harris, D. S., Election of ..... oaven2l®
Harris, Toappeus W., cited on bark
IiGe ews seen tons ‘ li, 341
— — — Heteroceres.............. Ligue 273
Harris, Str W. Snow, Reference to
lightning conductor of...... iv, 41
HARRISON, CHARLES E., Acknowl-
edgments VOM mataes daar os i, 77, 106
—, Appointment of, on nominating
Committees as s-asseeeee iii, 186
— — — — standing —....ii, 80; iii, 67,
107,161; iv, 207, 221,240; v, 217, 247
— cited on Indian culture ...... iv, 289
—, Defenseiofiitncee.s tenacuent ve, 29
—, Discovery of tablet by....... iv, 261
——- LOCH OM Olaey-e ie acl ee i, 80
— — — as president ........ v, 245, 272
— — — — secretary ....ii, 218; iii, 13
— — — — treasurer............ iv, 222
Se AISI Cos ec 5 NES Ai, UGE)
—— — — a iit ier: v, 195,
216
—; Exploration of mound number
11, Cook’s Farm group, and dis-
covery of an inscribed tablet of
limestone: tenes. ght see iy 22
—, Finding of tablet by......... iv, 340
—, Mound ! explor: MOM DW eve ore ae
; President’s annual address ..v, 269
=, —, Record of discussion by. -V, 233
— — — exhibition by .......... ii, 224
— — — papers by ....iv, Vv; v, 231, 268
== ——semarks bys. 2004: v, 217, 280
— — — report by............ .lv, 228
—, Reference to papers by...... Mis 2,
— — — report of .............. ii, 21
— — — work of..... Socios abut, TSS)
—, Report of, as secretary lil, 96
= treasurers: | As tau: So lhye: Bail
—; — — mound explor ation near
Pine creek, Muscatine county,
WO Wall regen riehe dees ect iv, 197
——— on committee on animal
CAIAMINGS GWOsc aco nubeeguacHs iv, 248
_, Resolution DYHGR. cache sore v, 231
<1 G)ilaknalitc)18e) oon ne onde soc oor re (AS:

—, Valuable donations by. .iv, 213, 228 ;
v, 224, 235
— and W. H. Prarr; Additional ex-
plorations at Toolesboro..... v, 48
—, EK. P. Lyncn, H. C. Fuuron, C.
H. Preston and; Mound ex-
plorations at Toolesboro, Louisa
Coumiiy plo wale eves « es eee Vv, 37
Harrison, J. H., Analysis of shale

tablet ye 2d cis one Oe {see aids 108
=, Hlectiom of S522... .402 li, 88; iv, 227
—, Memorial resolutions by......v, 261

316

Page
Harrison, J. H., Report of, as com- |
mittee on constitution....... v, 247:
—, Valuable donation by....... ili, 28
Hart iey, JAMEs, Election of... .iv, 229
Hassexaquist, L. M., — — 2.1.2... iy, 229
HastIncs, —, Acknow ledgment
DOR So Seen we crene Sara? oe ie ios a oy
Harcu, W. H., Appointment of, on
standing committee......... v, 247
= MIGCHON. OF. 5 '%.o 06.210 tale aOR iWearZel
—, Record of report by.......... Vv, 228
Harnaway, A. D., Election of...iv, 227

Haupt, J.G., Acknowledgments to.i, 85;
11, 126; iv, 66
—, Appointment of, on standing

COMMIS: eo eatec uae ii, 6, 80, 219
EASON. Ofs:.°<% ese ecole Seen i, 64
— — —aslibrarian............. ii, 218
SEEIREGGE ae PECTIN pe pee be r: oF ui, 186
—, Record of exhibition by ..... li, 252
Se IOL MOY Sreous oars Se ie 2 ii, 70
— — — presentation by ........ li, 253

34
ii, 9, 17, 19, 20, 28,
134, 202, 255

— — — remarks by
— — — reports by..

—, Reference to, as librarian....iii, 3
— — — work of............ li, 121, 218
—, Valuable donation by..... Pe! 26

_ af J. Naceiand; List of phenog-

WUONS Plantes, csc week 1, 153
Haven, 8. F., quoted on inscribed

1224 6) CE) a nes Meigen ne ae iii, 4
Se CICLICE . . vn od sen Sula eet Be: 103
Haverstick, Lb. M., Election of . 53
HAWKINS, B.W ATERHOUSE, —— ii, 128
— , Record et, paper ibys >see. ae ii, 202

Haworrn, Ext, Collection by....ii, 45
Haworrn, ERASMUS, Election of. -v, 205
— Letter. from, on pipes and tab-

REtS?.. Bae ee: cee Ce hoe se iv, .ol2
Hay Fever, Remarks on cause of. i ili, 88
HAYDEN, F. V., Election of ...... 128

_, Reference to work of..... iii, sz, 114

Haypen, Horace Epwarp, Letter
from, on pipes and tablets...iv, 305

HAZEN, E. H., Abstract of memor ial

address D2 ee Pere eee ii, 212
et Acknowledgment to.......... ii, 342
; Annialaddress:4 «23 f>.5: 5.0 2 i, 85
—, ’ Appointment of, on Paes

eomimaltitees 2. so eens A
— — — — standing — .ii, 80; iii, 67 LOVE
161; iv, 240
Ty MCCLION OLS. aera te eo ie ie
—— —asilibrarian..........s. 1. 78
Sia PICSIACNO cleans Ais sre dd 1 hs

—— — — trustee.il, 218; 11, 13; iv, flee

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

Hazen, E. H., Election of, as vice-
president....... i, 40, 55; iv, 11, 221

-, Identification of supposed tooth
1, 137

— decsteasien by, authorized. li, 186
—, ’ Record of address by...-02 eee ii, 70
— — — communication by ..... ili, 149
— — — exhibijion by :.52c.aee i, 52
— — — papers by.......... 1,49, 32/33; -
iv, 240; v, 203
— — — presentation by........:. 1,°28
— — — presidential address by..ii, 1
— — — remarks by. 152 229 li, 202
— — — report by.....115.53 e208 1, 25
—, Reference to work of... ili, 100
—, Report of, as auditing commit-
POO. «oases by te ack ee li, 212
— — — — librarian’... .. eee ii, 213
— + w— building committee by..ii, 153
— — — special — —............ VALI
—, Resolution. by 2-442. 5 eee ii, 84

—; Valuable donations by. ili, 61 ; iv, 211

Hazen, Mrs E. H., Election of.. te TB
Hazen, GeneraL W, Bs Remon-
strance addressed to........ 1i¥;°223
Hearsay, Sir J., Reference to work
of, on Solpugide ........... ili, 299
Hepysarum mackenzii, Occurrence
Of... i ..08- 3 Ree : 147
Hetnxz, Freperick, Election of. . 232
Hetser, R., Reference to library
Of... .0) Jee lili, 307
HeLperpverG formation, eee
Of... (3... eee ii, 209, 261
HELENIUM autumnale, ——....... i, 159
HELIANTHEMUM canadense, ——..i, 155
HELIANTAUS grosse-serratus, — —..i, 159
— hirsutus, —'—=.5, 4.42062 eee i, 159
— maximilian, Description of...iv, 28
— —, Occurrence Of 02.5. ssnee iv, 27
— occidentalis, —— ............. li, 259
— rgidus, — =... 2.7 i, 159
He.icina chrysocheila, — —...... v, 62
— occulta, — —. .. 223 0 17-97
— orbiculata, — — ..........4.-- v, 62
— subglobosa, ——.......-...... v, 62
He iopHina pseudargyria, — — ..ii, 192
HE.iopsis levis, — — ........455- i, 159
Hewix, Occurrence of, in kitchen-
middens ....., ee ii, 168
— alternata, Occurtente Of.: 2h ther i, 167
— auriculata, — Asian AE v, 65
—- auriformis, eee 2eVe $68
— avara, — — ..:.:2sen eae eee v, 66
| — carpenteriana, ——........... of 65
— cereolus, — — ........002200-- 65
— clausa, ——.........2.. 1 Lens “ti, 18
— CONCAVA, — — .. ree ererevee Mies ji, 10

vy, 145, 193 |

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-—V. Bay
Page Page
Hewtx febigeri, Occurrence of..... v, 66 Henry, Josepn, quoted on policy of
— hirsuta, —— ......... ee 5 Deland Smithsonian Institution....-iv, 295
— hopetonensis, — —............. v, 66 | —, Record of letter from.........i, 9
— hubbardi, — —........+--.-5- v, 66 | — —— writings by............. v, 257
oe FOUR a Oe a. we Baw a8 v, 66 | —, Tributes to.......... li, 258; iv, 298
— labyrinthica, — —..i, 167; ii, 14; v,66 Hensaaw, Henry W., Analysis of
SFI Oa ee ae %, "66 WOEKAORS gay J s5 S vsrargne She .lv, 266
== TCO, AP Gan Hee v, 66 —, Appointment of committee to
— monodon,— —.........-- el Oe elie: TO PLY WOM een sel etre aes ets iv, 249
— multilineata, — — ....i, 167; ii, 21,26 — characterized........ iv, 281, 291, 3
—— EMS ECULGO 6) —— ai. oho) «(0)» sii 18, 13a ——, Ccubicisml bys. clyeae ee oe ee v, 237
OUND a 5's) wie apo ofan att, «Ss me LOR Wee OF te de 3 lv, Vv, 259, 262, 278, 380
<= POStEWUENG, in ia beens cle v, 65 | —, Denial of statements by. .iv, 247, 250
— profunda, Habits of........... ii, 10 —, Discussion of memoir fs er me 246
— —, Occurrence of..... wel; 1643.41, 21 | =, Objurgation;of - .% <.-. Vaclav. 2
— pulchella, — —..........008.-- in l67| — Obseunity: of... cusses iv, 304
SS I USETLLG "iba te, 2a nhe som wie i) os v, 66 | — "quoted on aboriginal AP is sede OSS
— pustuloides, — —....... Berths v, 66 | — —— elephant pipes..... iv, 267, 271,
— septemvolva, Notes on.......... v, 69 273, 275
— striatella, Occurrence of...i,97; ii, 14 —, Reference to work of... .iv, 303, 344
— thyroides, ——.......... i, 167; ii, 10 —, Resolution concerning — —..v, 200
— uvulifera, ——........2--264-- v, 65 | —, Review of memoir by ....... iy, 338
SOULS Bh 2a, Here faler see y, 25;,60- | ==, ‘Pxibute toe. 2.442 0096-3: ..1v, 339
HeEtiwatp, Baron, quoted on prim- Hepatica acutiloba, Blos ssoming
itive copper Mine ......... lil, OLGA see See eRe soe li, 10, 252
HELMINTHOPHILA celata, — —....v, 152 | — —, Occurrence of ......... ope el OE
= SOR SO LENO at wn) as) Sci eral v, 152 | ——, Vernal appearance of ..... li, 134
= PENQTING, —— 2.522200 s0eese v, 153 | — triloba, Occurrence of......:... i, 153
= UMUOUS, =" ——— ne as. ws Sed aharevdieresnyos/ v, 152 | Hepp, APG AR, Letter from, on pines
— ruficapilla, —— .....0.4. Sqnea Ve LO snd ta blebar. <4 0 tsseh4. Sanat , olt
HELMITHERUS vermivorus, Occurrence Heracieum lanatum, Occurrence of i, 149
LS so Me Sy coe tah Seats, @ orenese v, 152 | Hergst, J. F. W., Reference to work
HetopnHorvs lacustris, ——.:..... i, 178 of, on Solpugide ........... ili, 282
— lineatus, — —......-...-..00.- i, 202 MHereprry, Curious example of..ili, 124
HeEMICARPHA subsquarrosa, — —..ii, 259 — exemplified in left-handedness. ii, 186
HeEMILEUCA nevadensis, — —......i1, 188 | Herrapes variolosa, Occurrence of.i, 209
— Maid, —— .......-- ee eee ..4, 177 | Hermann, JEAN-FREDERIC, ITefer-
HEMIPRONITES crassus, ——..... ili, 107 ence to work of, on Solpu-
Hemmnines, E. J., Election of.....v, 230 PUG sere sta he pceaas Mahe wee ee li, 283
Hempuityt, Henry, Collection by.v, 51 | Herprsris rotundifolia, Occurrence
HENDER, W. , Election Gline re sj0kVig 2a0 Ole aneo ie so ees 1, 160
HENDERSON, HL. fs Oe ere i, 29 | Herrara, ALPHONSO, “Election of.i Li, 232
HENDERSON, Homer, Picture by..ii, 20 | Hesprrta hobomok, Occurrence of.ii, 191
—, Valuable donation by....... Lit, 28). (= nan itory ———— kot sine os Says li, 191
Henperson, L. HS Election of...iii, 189 | — tessellata, ——..........-..... iz 191
Hentey, R. M., ——..... aoe viv, 228 | — vialis, ——....... sella no 142, 191
HENNEPIN, PERE Tae cited on cop- Hesprrortertix, Reference to found-
per implements........ : al 7 IMC OeCOUSee eee oc sky Loe
Henry, Grorce F., Acknow lede- — PITUOIS, NOES ONG A5 seen ae i, 262
ment to..... SD Ae Seer v, iv | Hereraspis pubescens, Occurrence
Henry, JosepH, Character of, cited. v, 241 Of a css ES ey a eyed rel if (2
— cited on antiquities from Petit Herreroceres (Descriptions ‘of some
PAGS. Aber meet et ee aia not ae iv, 276 species and varieties of North
— — — classification........... iv, 339 American), mostly new; HeEr-
—, Election of, as honorary mem- MAN STRECKER........ shacks 2a
Dele fh oer ee ..-.-ee..--ll, 78 | HETEROCERUS cuniculus, Occurrence
—, Letter from ........... ep cisely, Ofer cer. fis, 2 SS Sree ene
—, Oversight by ..... eos ak ie SOL Fes So ek le aI ts? 203

318

Page

Hereroponax bimaculatus, Occur-
TENCEVOL Pe ere es Le ae ie
HETEROPHELPS triguttata, — —....1i, 192
HETrERORNELES arbutifolia, — — ..ii, 189

HereroscuisMA, Founding of ge-

56

Page
Hirscuretper, C. A., Letter from, :
on pipes and tablets........ iv, 309
—, Record of letter from ........ v, 203
Hiskey, W. O., Election of....... Shae |
Hisrer abbreviatus, Occurrence of.i, 173,
179
— americanus, — — ...i, 171, 173; ii, 11
— lecontei, — —='s. <..2.8 see ior
— ulkei, — — 252.2552 50eee eee i, 203
HisToricAL section, Organization
Of. ...: .i22) 32 ee
—— —, Report’ of... / 222). ili, 97
— —, Standing rules of.......... ii, 14
— —, Work of... 1.4. ee eee in, )-S
History (Reminiscences of the
| early) of the Academy; W. eH
PRAT, . 5... 452.2 ee 193
Hitrcucock, Romyn Acinowlede:
ment tO’: .:.\. 1: eee eer iv, 66
Hosps, Wini1aAM S., — —....-. 1 110
—, Resolution of thanks to....... Th ite:
Horprner, ——., Election of ..... v, 228
HOoERNES, Moritz, cited on primitive
art. 2250S Pe eee iv, 116
HOkrRRING, GEORGE P. , Election of.v, 247
HorrMan, Ww. Als Election of . ili, 68

| —, Valuable donation by....... lil,

MIG = oe oa ge le eRe eee o lv, ‘82
— gracile, Founding of species...iv, 84
Heucuera hispida, ‘Occurrence of . i, 157
— rubescens, — —.......0. 02 eee i, 148
Hexaconta bilineata, — —........ 1, 205 |
Heywoop, GeEorcE &., Widchon

iat aaa et a eee 1
HIBERNATION of squirrel......... ii, 80
Hirroctypnics, Indian.......... rye ta bd
— observed in Summit canyon,

Utah, and on Little Popo-agie

river in Wyoming; J. D. Pur-

NAME rare at Ae erate Bee ats i, 148
Hiapay, F., Election of,as honorary

member Pe iene Pic ya 2
Hiaernson, C. M., Tribute to J. iy

Putnam Dee os eee cn ncaa iii, 248
Hivper, F. F., Election of....... iv, 225
_—, Record of lectures by... -iv, 223, 256
—, Reference to — —........... iv, 238
Hinearn, EvuGEene W., cited on an-

tiquities SBA alors hoes IVE Ts
— — — antiquity of man........ ji, 115
— — — Petite Anse............ iv, 276
Hit, Joun, Election of......... IV e2ey
Hit, R. |e oh a eS a a ioe
Hip, Hewry Youe, cited on

STOUNGICE J.7 - fete ees li, 353
HinpMan, Ava L., Resolution of

UNAMIKGNLO Shee fee eae eh eee i, 78
HinpMan, Danret, Reference to

Woda ONS lee rae FAP v, 43
—, Resolution of thanks to....... L878
Hryricns, G. H., Appointment of,

on standing committee... ... iv, 240
——s MIECHON Of etisers - ou sah e oan: iv, 222
Hinricns, Gustavus, cited on Iowa

siete’ oo ee -v, 83
—, Election of, as honorary mem-

| 05) CRO EE aes Beas SE my oe es!
Ps RCEEES DWI 6S 8% 5 Seo oo tee vee LO; OD
—, Record of letter from......... i, Of
— — — lecture by.............. ni, 197
PILE LO tithe ctcia sate anes he:
—, Valuable donation by ....... iii, 28
HrpropaMIa convergens, Occurrence

Ue Ate Meat Ata aaoeloribecese i, 170
— 5-signata, — — ....i, 179, 190, 199, 203
— lecontei, — —.......... ws 179, 190, 199
— maculala, ——...............- s 173
— parenthesis, — — ..i, 171, 179, ape 199
—— SOUT UA, —— Esato rala ate cate ote shes 179°}
— 13-punctata, — —. .i, 171, 173, 01, 203

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

a Record of communications by,
iii, 99, 149
— — — papers by........ iv, iv; V,.2
¥ Reference to ——.......... iii,
; Remarks on aboriginal art in
” California and Queen Charlotte >
islands». /..:/%. See ee ree iv,
—; — — the antiquities of New
” Mexico and ATIZOnNae ose lil,
—, Titles of papers by i

Horproox, W. C.; Antiquities of

Whiteside county, Illinois . . iii,
—, Election of
—, Record of communication by . iii,
Houpen, Wit.iAM, Election of. . .ii
Hover, Jobs Extracts from, on

pipes and tablets: ; sds ae iv,
—, Record of letter from......... ¥;

y

Hormpera, E. L., cited on primitive
art

Homes, FraAncts S., cited on ancient
pottery ..5..4. saaeee ii, 1155 iv, 277

Hoitmes, Kate Oscoop, Valuable
donation ‘by’: -5228san.5eemee i, 215

Howmes, OLIver WENDELL, Quota-
214
289

al6.0 0 6,0, vs elem

tion: from: . .:..1:.. dese évditly
— sponsor for Squier and Davis.iv,

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Homes, WitrraM H., Acceptance of
proposal by .lv, 228,

Selble le hale.e 6

Page
229

—, Acknowledgment to.......... iv, iv

—; Ancient pottery of the Missis-
BIDDRE VAG te secon can vs, ines iv,
—, Election of............. i i
SS SS = OE USIC® seccocdocsuade
—, Proposal by, to furnish engrav-
DIKES ee ee ee, ee
—, Provision for reception of... .iv,
— quoted on ancient art. iv, 2
— — — Indian art.............
—, Record of communication by. .
— — — paper by
-=-——— remarks by........-
—, Reference to work of........ a
—, Remarks on ceramic art by..
— "requested to write biography. .
—, Resolution by...........
—, Review of memoir ‘by

—_, Prints to soi viSe sco.) Lv, 2

—, Valuable donation by ;
Hotway, E. W., ee
to. ii, 258; iii, 169;
Hoy STONES or WyYRICK, Discussion
Ole ee eee oe ee nPop are.
Ho1yoxe, Epwarpb, mentioned in
Putnam genealogy err
Houzincer, J. M., Collection by..
HoMorrera lunata, Occurrence Of A
HoNeEy-DEw, Observations on. ake
Honrton, BARON DE LA, quoted a
Indian CUSLOIMS Hence Sate
Hooks, G. W., Resolution of thanks

Hooker, Wiu1tamM B.,
Hooxker, Sir Josepn De Election of,

as honorary member........
—, Valuable donation by....
Hopkins, E. P., Election of...... il,
Hop tta /aticollis, Occurrence of ...i
Hoppin, Jerry, Discovery of mam-

moth lOWeaoo se ; ill,

——— —...1,

Horpeum pratense, Occurrence of. is }

Horn, Grorce H., Election of .
Horner, W.E., Testimonial to R. Fi
Farquharson by.. .iv,
Hovueuron, JAcos, cited on copper
WRENS 4 Sees, Gia eae © ai
Hovuston1a minima, V ernal appear-
ANCCLOL sso. arsed epee slotted,
Howarp, Mrs E. M. , Appointment
of, on standing committee. .
Howarp, Orson, Collection by...v
pom mT Ee Election of

1,

Gon by pe teak

82,

iv, 27, 65

107

278

/

Hoyt, Joun, Election of.........1
HusBpeEtu, CHARLES H., — —....i
—, Valuable donation by iv, 207
Husrncer, Meccuior, Election of. v,
HvuMAN REMAINS (Discovery of ) ina
shell-bed on Rock island; A.S.
TIFFANY PAE ec tatlay Maspees envoy Ra ie
HumsBoupt, ALEXANDER VON, Cele-
bration of anniversary of..... 1.
— quoted on scientific evidence. .iv,
Humepoupt Socrery, Record of work

Hume, Jonx, Acknowledgments
ORS erie EP a tient te li, 221, 342

—, Appointment of, on insurance
committee
— — — — standing —
— cited on remedies for bark lice. ii,
—, Discovery of tablet by... .iv, 261, 340

vi

=~ Hlectiony of 5 452 93-4.0-4eene se De a
— — — as treasurer...... i, 78, 85; ii, 1
a — UB tee ids 00,1005) IG
—, First regular member elected. li, 198
-, ’ Obituary resolution by....... ii, 12
—, Record of report by..........1i, 219
—, Reference to work of ........ my an
== ReportaDyacecdssiciantera see Sa ee
—, Treasurer’s — —............. li, 47
Hume, Mrs Joun, Election of..... Ley ke
Humpnery, Levi, --— ....... Sah toil
Humpnrey, H. 'N., Reference to
WOKEN, akin, hoor ee li, 273

Humpurey, Mrs J. J., Election of.ii, 127
Houmutus lupulus, Occurrence of.. .1,
Hunter, G. F., Acknowledgment

Huntinea. 8. 8 , Address by Rei il,
— —— to Mrs P. V. Newcomb. ii,
Appointment of, on_ standing
committee....... ii, 219; iii, 67, 107
—, Election of........... : 61
— — — as president uy w/e
— — — —trustee........ We PASSO vi, 1183
—, Enrollment of, as life member.ii, 154
—; President’s annual address. ..ii, 207
—, Record of address by 150
— — — communication by 156
—, Resignation of, as trustee... .ili, 18
—, Valuable donations by.i, S15 : "ti 52,
57 ; lil, 16, 49, 61
Huntine, Mrs §. S., Election of...i, 76
—, Enrollment of, as life member.1i, 154
Huntineton, Mrs H. B., Election

77

of on ee b= gale RETO ‘ii 292

li, 323

320 DAVENPORT ACADEMY
Page
Hux ey, Tuomas H., cited on origin

ACE RS | Pe ee i air v, 244
— quoted on scientific method ..ii, 175
— — — the “ Philosophical Transac-

Apne ret heh rs We thts, ORR INL 8 v, 240
—, Reference to work of, on Solpu-

or Wes a ote en wea eG Ota be ate ae 303
Hyaura arborea, Occurrence of. .i, 167;

ih 4
— chersina, — —.... 2.6.06 05. Paces obs y LGV
— electrind, — — 2... eee eee As IMG Y
— indentata, — —.... 0.2... eee ee. i, 167
— lineata, — —............ a; 1G7 sa,
— minuscula, — —.........1, 167; ii, 14
— trispinosa, — —..........2+-6- Meu 40
Hyams, M. E., Reference to work

GEER yo hoe Nes Saat oe as iekatl, 2911
Hyarr, Aupueus, Election of... .. li, 128
Hypoenatnus meeki, Occurrence

(Ot pee Wid Seep ER ER 5 : Ve dO
SS UCREMIS. —— Hi Sus a te v, 7
Hysrips (On some) between Calli-

fore lecontei, Bdl., and C. in-

terrupto- marginata, De Beauv.,

figured on plate iv, figures 5, 6,

7; Herman STRECKER....... li, 275
Hypatina physis, Occurrence of..v, 64
HyYDNOCERA cyanescens, — —...... i, 180
— pubescens, — —....... Reece i, 180
— subfasciata, — — .............. i, 180
Hypropra (Description of a new),

with notes on other Rissoidee ;

IER AVAL SPESBR Yeni ae rc .caleye ts Ven oo
— monroensis, Occurrence of...... Nannie
— texana, Founding of species....v, 33
— wetherbyi, Occurrence of....... Ve OL
— —, Suggested transfer of spe-

CLES yes SAA since ate Va oro:
Hyprogius fuscipes, Occurrence

Ole ei. st Be Se tee i, 170, 178
— subcuprens, — — .......... 1, 201, 202
Hyprocantuus tricolor, — —..... i, 170
HypROCHELIDON nigra surinamensis,

Sea aie ete nee eta aisle aieeWs+ DLS
Hyprecta nictitans, -— —........ i, 192
Hypropui.us triangularis, — —...i1, 202
HypropHYLLUM virginicum, — —..i, 161
Hyproporus affinis, — —......... i, 202
— catescopium, —— ........ ist ag el i.
— (CUnChellUS, —— os a win a so See ales i, 201

ilus, ——........ Seno ens els
—— PPOLINNS, —— —= lol Wai et hee a siete i, 170
— punctatus, ——... 2... eee i, 170, 202
= VENUSIUS, Se ee tae i, 170

Hyprospire- -PoRES, Morphologic def-

INIHOMIO Lene eee Bee Sey aay
Hyua versicolor, Occurrence of ...ii, 17
HY.astes gracilis, ——.......... i, 182

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Hymenoptera (List of ) collected by »
J. Duncan Putnam, of Daven-
port, lowa, with descriptions of

two new species; E. T. Cres-

SON: coo Se ee pec
Hyperaspis nomata, Habits of. Bi Reet:
— —, Occurrence of ees coat yal
— signata, Habits of..... ....... li, 334
Hypericum canadense, Occurrence

Of 3:10 Re ee i, 155; ii, 259
— mutilum, —= -— ...:...-2-55 JeeeloD
— prolificum, ——..... wi eee li, 126
— pyramidatum, ——....... Beenie, 15}:

— sphxrocarpon, — —...........1i, 259
HYPERPLATYS maculatus, ——....1, 172
HYPERTELIUM nigricans, —— ....V, 74
Hypnum aduncum, ——..... seh
Hypopn.oeus parallelus, — —....1, 181
Hypoprepia cadaverosa, Founding of

species... \.io7¢-eneeeenee Fats YAU,
— fucosa, Occurrence of ......... li, 191
Hypoxys erecta, — -—.......-.4.. i, 164
Hyppa xylinoides, — —.......... ii, 192

Tanruina fragilis, Occurrence of..v, 58

— globosa,, — —... cc. e cece .v, 58
Icr (The formation of ground) in-
the rapids of the Mississippi ;

R. J. FARQUHARSON ......... i, 349
Icz-caves, Remarks on........... i, 43
IcHNEUMON alapsus, Occurrence of.i, 206
— inconstans, ——........... a 194, 206
= leius,——. 2203 eee ee i, 206
— lewisti, — —............ bres’ i, 206
— pedalis, —— ............. i, 194, 206
— propinquus, — —.......... i, 188, 206
— suturalis, ——...... Rm ysis actly) elle:
— variegatus, eo es
— vinulentus, — =... wees en eee: i, 206
IcraLurus punctatus, —— 11.0. V, 14
Icreria virens, — —.............V, 156
Icrerus galbula, ——......... ..v, 138
— Spurius,—= =; 2 eae v, 138
Ipano, Explorations i TM eg saree, aoe
ILEs, MALVERN W., Election of. . ii 128
—, Record of collection Dien see li, 214
—— — papers by....... Se oil Gore on
—, Valuable donations by... .iii, 28, 49
—, ’ Vote of thanks to........ li, 164
Its, T. J., cited on remedies for

bark lice... laa rit Lae ii, 887

—, Election of came «alert ga She opel

—, ate ecord of communications
by Ap ots) loner!
— — — paper by......0-4.....5, ciel:

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

ILex verticillata, Occurrence of...iv, 66
Inuinors, Ancient pottery from. .iv, 125
—, Antiquities of ili, 68, 89, 147
= Bam ket G a Ute. ton bisa eoie) care
—, Donations from ....ii, 60; iii, 20, 34
—, Exploration of mounds in... .ii, 288;
Hi oON Lio. L8G. iv, 198

—, Extract from geologic report of. AY, 76

—, Indian gravesin............. i, 291
—, Mormon tablets from ...... : i 127

» Mounds imy = )2454,,111,,99's) 11,49) 354
iii, 88, 147
—, New mollusk from... .. Juss Vg. 13
—-, Prehistoric cloth from........ 1, 129

Impatiens fulva, Occurrence of... .i

IMPERATOR americana, — —...... v, 63
— brevispind, — — .....ccseeeees v, 63
— celatus, — —..... ‘ re eee aVa Oe
— longispina, ——......... eee 203:
Np aa SET AE Cre v, 63
ImptemMeNT (Ancient copper) do-
nated by E. B Baldwin; A. 8.
MUTIRVAIN Wr ee so Mb lesle en hele yey ate ree)
INCORPORATION, Amendments to ar-
tIGlES TO ene a aetna Ae sb PAN:
(see Articles)
JUSTDIDS Sc a here ae ree een i 278s ve Ze
—, Preparation of general. v, iv, a 270
— to authors on Solpugidee ..... 308
= = REMEMS ou scpeeeonocc sso ae ” 969
— — volumes i-v; W J McGer..y, 281

TESTOW (NG AC gan cee a ae ee gee , 105, 123
— burial grounds (Exploration of

six) in the vicinity of the mouth

Ol Rockuniviersed: GiAss)s...- li, 354
== (CHARDIN aves Goby Gece & well “42
— graves (Report on exploration of );

Ji GASS: 5 <<: eae Aa tae tect li, 291
SS 061 NS copes are ee rae Hy 2 Salt WL,
SeeUUUpLeEMENts ce . < Jos ae des sm; iii, 86

inscriptions eee) of Davenport ;

GUS EYRRAR DMs cia tals atl et Vite
TI YIM MLC ULL Cia. ei ssc’ acts claw ces ele i, ayy
MINE AN GLEMG «. .csicceciyceie ees « ye 29
— names forimsects ............. 5 We
—, Peculiar burial of an........ oi 203
aE ical. iyo ott Aas A rebated ails i, 140
STO S ae ener Or i, 141
INDIANA, ‘Ancient pottery from. ay 125
= Bark LCE SID. yee nia en 1, 295
— ’ Butterflies ARON ERI Ch ci leeks ii 275
—, Donations from..... rl (ole iil, 20, 34
—, Mastodon remains from ..... iv, 335
Inpians, History of the......... ii, 151
—, Occurrence of hostile........ ili, S84
— of British Columbia ......... iy, awl
— — New Mexico and Arizona..iii, 108
—, Origin of the...... ee SOM Lye aod
[Proc. D. A. N,S., Vol. V.]

41

321

Page

ili, 45 iv, 255,

288, B45
INGERSOLL, Ernest, cited on the Na-

tional Museum iv, 394

—, a of. 128
: Ona collection of mollusks from

Ixprans, Relations of the.

- Utah and Colorado...... Soo alll, a6)
—, Reference to work of......... li, 122
Insects, Indian names for.. ..... 1, 192

—, (Report on the) collected by Cap-
tain Jones’ expedition to north-
western Wyoming in 1873; J.

OER) Si! i tR S Grae oe eet i, 187
23 5 an the vicinity of Spring
Lake Villa, Utah county, Utah,
during the summer of 1875; J.
DeBary nis tee fe Oar ok eee 1193
INscrIBED ROCK.at Sterling, Illinois; ‘
WH RRADT een tecceeeene — 89
Inscriptions, Ancient.1i, 142,172; rat 72
— on bowlders).. ....< 55.2226 e- AG Y/
Iowa, Ancient pottery from.... ee 125
——) barkelice mmihyss + Sena ok li, 296
—, Birds of...... fees sin aa ttl a 8 Sea ie Veo lulls
—, Botany of... .i, 153; ii, 126, 258; S Tt
169; iv, 27, 64
=, Donations from... ..2.: : ii, 61; iii, 34
—, Hymenoptera from........... i, 206
a MQ un time aetstsey.) ite aie v, 37, 110
—, Orthoptera from.............. i, 249
—, Rockford shales of........... v, 100
— thunder storms—notes for the
summer of 1887; FREDERICK
SPARES Capes een Van oul
Iowa ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, Memo-
rial proceedings of.......... li, 241
Rows) Gunye Birds\ot as. see eee Wy, dle
Iowa Hisrorrcan Recorp, Quota-
(WON ION oo gascocuakaobneue iv, 337
Ipoma@a nil, Occurrence of........ 15) LG:
UO OE Rae eae A 3 i, 161
Ips quadrisignatus, — —.i, 170,173; ii, 10

TreLAND, Aboriginal art in, cited .iv, 112

Irts versicolor, Oceurrence of...... i, 164
Irisu, C. W., Valuable donation
by. DOA P IS HD Ree hen ER oe 11s, 328

ii, 155; v, 111
ie HNOPTERA bivittata, Founding of

Species... Hevea SAA i, 250
=~, NOLS ONFSi ef. asccekiese eicaly Aes,
— pennsylvanica, Fb oS donor i, 249
== UNLCOLOT:, —— =e eta ee ere i, 250
ISoETES melanopoda, > Satie ste Vg Mees
— —, Occurrence of............. LV, 4c Oe
Tray, Donations from..... Resi ps
rH YCERUS noveboracensis, Occur rence

One aaa a Pi Serais eof wetter aes iy, 17S
Ivesta gordoni, — —.............i, 150

[July 3, 1893]

322 DAVENPORT ACADEMY

Page

Jackman, W. A., Letter from, on
pipes and tablets........... iv, 310

Jackson, J. K., cited on ground
NOG Skee eisciheaemeg AAR mee. hee li, 354
JACKSON county, Mounds in..... li, 83,
155, 219

JACKSON, SAMUEL, Testimonial to R.

dis Farquharson bY Sisko. he8 iv, 202
JACKSON, SHELDON, cited on antiqui-

ICSE ep ey toca ts Soh ees ili, 114
Jackson, W. H., cited on Indian

SLIUCKUNES 2)... sist ane % ao oe ili, 109
J AENICKE, Election of ...... Vv, 228
Jamaica, Solpugidze from....... ili, 268
JAMES, Epw IN, cited on ciel eo ii, 271
—, Reference to work of.. -1, 45; 11, 280

JAN , GEORGES, cited on Pinion v, aK 10

JANTHINA fragilis, Occurrence of..ii, 241

— globosa, — —...-2. 2... cece eee ii, 241
Japrr, THomas H., Election of...v, 229
—, Record of address by......... v, 201
— — — discussion by........... Vaneoo
Jarvis, FRANK I., Valuable donation

by LT RAE eta as ete ts eae i, 58

Jasprpea lepidula, Occurrence of..ii, 192
JEFFERSON, THomas, quoted on

American fauna...... aes rity ey
JENCKES, J. S., Election of....... rhe till
Jenkins, G. W., Valuable donation

BBV kw tio he See iii, 28
JENKINS, Mrs G. W., Election

(G) if So NANO AD SMT Unga, es tee eyes 34
Jevons, W.Srantey, quoted on cur-

MEMO Vanier tah AACL ei torte ees ii, 40, 46
Jewerr, CoLoNEL, Acknowledgment

WO Aefolepats dorsphehd yas i ieee ee li, 249
==, Collection. by... 20228. 202.03 ii, 238
Jounson, ANDREW, Friendship of,

LOE Mle Farquharson eee Ce iv, 203
Jounson, D. F., Acknow ledgments

TEI H 5 is 38 Pee i, 148, 146, 193
Jounson, H. A., Election eee ty 975)
Jounson, O. B., — —....:...... iii, 139
JOHNSON, Samu EL, Meeting in com-

MEMLOFATOM Of? WVe.e ves ase iv, 249
Jounson, WILLIAM, Valuable dona-

tion by Rae err Ns opstyes tori .V, 235

Jonxs, C. C., cited on antiquities.iv, 277
JONES, JOSEPH, cited on Indian cul

ture SE) te PE gon eed eae eS iv, 289
CO ei Oli nie Lisamarie i, 126
— —-— prehistoric cloth. ... 54 4-: ip Ales
— — — sacrificial mounds ...... li, 109 |
= blectionrot)s cineca yoke eee Ho 28"
Jones, Marcus E., Acknow ledg-

DMETLIS GO: gerne ance ere Ui, 169; iv, 27
Jonrs, P. B., Eclipse abaetvatail

By A as alata eee ur re he as Bie

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Jones, Tuomas T., Election of, as
honorary mempber...... ae ea
Jones, WiiuiAM A., Association of J.
* D. Putnam with............ Mie OZ
— cited on primitive art........ iv, 114
_, =e Of 1s soos > ee ii, 128
, Reference to expedition by. . .i, 187;
; ii, 281
— — — work. of....0..52. ae lil, 243,
JORDAN, Davip Starr, Acknowledg-
ment. t0:;..f.0. oceniece See Va
—, cited on Missouri fishes....... VeaeD,
Jostyn, Mound exploration near.iv, 198
JoUuLE, JAMES Prescorr, cited on
heat... ices eee ee 1 91
JOURDANET, Denis, cited on syphi-
litie bones «.,...0046<.5 eS lii, 124
Jupy, A. M., Acknowledgment to.iv, 254
—, Appointment of, on standing
committes.).:.caseene iv, 240; v, 200
—, Election of..).. 222. Soeee eee iv, 213
—, Resolution by.:\2-2-eee v, 195
—, Work of, on lecture committee.iv, 238
JuGuAns californica, Occurrence of.ii, 37
— CUNETEM, — eres es ees 1) 16d e esi
— NGTA, — —. cece eee 1, 163% ti 37
— TEU, — 6 oo sa naisle seieieieed ii, 37
— rupestris, = anaes Hoe eee he Gif
Junco hyemalis, ——....... iy seve las
Juncus balticus, — —............ iv, 28
— vaseyt, — —.;<: binges eee ili, 170
JUNONIA laviniad, — —........45. as OL
Kansas, Botany. of 7c: ssae See iv, 29
—, Donations from..... li, 61; iii, 21, 35
—, ’ Fossils from ........- Petes lii, 162
—, Hymenoptera from........... i, 209
—, Obsidian implements in..... iii, 86
—, Salt marshuin. /passeeeeee Bee ages)
Solpugide from............. iii, 251
Ki ARrSCH, F-., cited on Solpugidee..iii, 251
—, Reference to work of, — — ..ili, 304
K: ARWARTH, HENRY, Election of. viv, 227
Kavup, IL. J., Reference to work of,
on Solpugidee d's aG'e Selene iii, 291
KEFERSTEIN, A., — — — — — — iii, 290
KELLER, FERDINAND, cited on Swiss
lake dw ellings..-3. 2) Apso i, 130
KeEw.ey, F. W., Election of....... 1, 69
Ket1oca, iN , cited on Ceanothus ..v, 169
—, Election of. . sone eR SP 3,
—, Letter from: /)...2 eee meaty
Ke t.oaa, C. F., Election of .....iii, 161
—, Valuable donation by .......iv, 213

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

Kennicort, Ropert, Election of, as
honorary member........... 1 be:
Kentucky, Ancient pottery from.iv, 125
—, Crinoids from... 2. . iv, 83, 103
—, Donations from........ li, 61; iii, 39
Kroxvk, Botany of..... Seek Lavy 29

KEYES, CHARLES Rory, cited on
VARGO ctor aste ee stoi on c08 gos ak v, Lol

— quoted on bronzed grackle....v, 138
—, Recommendation concerning

MIA PEL IV rises Sates steele es vy, 278

—, Teetordl of papers by. Pais V, 264, 268
—'and H. 8. W ILLIAMS ; Preliminary
annotated catalogue of the birds

OMlO Wages acter ne cess v, 113

Kane, Je Buy Election of. 0.02 23% iii, 140
Kriuian, E. A., Valuable donation

IVES wee eis roa eee TaN ees 1, 28
fosia, AS Resolution of thanks

WY ORO ere nec La he ne A iy ais)

Kine, Ciarence, Election of... .iii, 81

SING dis De Se tober Mics
—, Valuable donation by........ Vv, 257
KINesporovan, Lorp, cited on Pe-
ruyian antiquities OPTS iv, 262
Kinsey, J. C,. Hlection of! ..... 2: ili, 161
Kirsy, E. Lee a ee MPa ae il, 184

Kirey, Wiii1aM, Reference to work

of, on Solpugide ...... ili, 285-288,
292, 294, 298
Kirk, Franxurn, Election of..... i, 64
—, Record of contract with...... li, 165
KIrvnann, Jarep P., Election of, as
honorary member .........- ii, 78
—, Record of death of........... ii, 210
KircHEN-MIDDENS, Description of.ii, 156
= OCCURRENCELOL y 2 sets ae ten .H, 292
Krrrary, Moperst, Reference to
work of, on Solpugidee. .iii, 295, 296
Kiorzscn, JOHANN F RIEDRICH, cited
on Arctostaphylos Bin Cenc me ow
Kuve, Orro, Election of .........: iy ok
Reap NM oa Satis navy occas iv, 246
==, Wollection by |... .aucde.. 2.8 iv, 83
Kner, Rupoupw, Reference to work
of, on Solpugidee State erase: ini, 297
Kocu, A. C., cited on man and mas-
Pion dase Wk Sain PY iv, 274, 322
— quoted on mastodon.......... ii, 113
—, Reference to work of..... neil, Sb
Kocu, C. L., cited on Solpuga .. .ili, 251

—, Reference to work of, on Sol-

pugidee iii, 290-292, 295, 296, 298, 303
Kocn, F. J., V: aluable donation by. iv, 20
Koc, Gustav, Election of...... iv,
Kocn, L,
Kot, C. om eG Reference to work

of, on Solpugidee . . DA Se 0 EPS

asa

291

300

299. |

323
gre
Koontz, Aupnonsr, Acknowledg-
DAEME CO, Sica Me ayers. Sottaeie sie Wa oll
KRABBENHOFT, GEORGE, Election
OL Se hee cee Vv, 232
KRABBENHOFT, THEODORE, — —..V, 232
KRACKE, FRANK, se ravals ean iv, 227
KRAMER, GkEORGE F.,— — ...... iv, 227
Krause, Ropert, ——.......... li, 205
Krusk, ConRAD, — —........... li, 202
Kuester, AuGustus, cited on gun-
Shot wounds... 0s...1cs0eeris Ty 3)
Kunnen, Nicnooras, Acknow ledg-
Tent COMO ae seal ane Tye atin
—, Appointment of, on standing
comminliiees<feews. 2.5. sien VaeetO
=>) Collection Dy 7.24. 9 .kit en iv, 238
= WleChlOnyOl ie spe sae eee ili, 139
=> 8) GECASUTED..-..o.octee 8 core v, 245
—, Enrollment of, as life member.iy, 249
—, On committee to solicit subserip-
MONS es eee Rete eee iv, 223
—, Report of, as treasurer...... ..V, 266
—, Valuable donations by. .i, 215; v, 231
Kunnen, N. V., Election eee ili, 146
KUHNIA eupatorioide: s, Occurrence
OLN aa ae, EC ae tee sees --t, L508
Kune, W. O., Election of........ iv, 227
KurMErer, Hi, = —..-.02. <0 ili, 139
Kurz, M.; Collection by =. 2.2222 iui, 139
Lapiosa canaliculata, Occurrence
Olesen se eee ee ne Vin 72
— lineata, — —...... 6. eee ee eae v,. %2
Laccoptus agilis, — —........ i, 170, 202
LaccorHiuus decipiens, i, 201, 202
— maculosus, — —........... i, 170, 178
— truncatus, — —......... 2.005. i, 178
LACHNOSTERNA fuscd, ——.-....... 1, 190
Lacon rectangularis, ——......... i, 180
Lacruca canadensis, — —......... i, 159
L=uMopuu.xus biguttatus, ——..... i, 170
Lmvicarpium levigatum, — —....v, 65*
— mortoni, ——........ li, 245); v; 65"
— serratum, ——......... li, 245; v, 65*
Lauman, V. M., Acknowledgment
GOK, od AyetRas AR ere aeren i easter ornare v, -8l
Lanontan, BARON Dk, quoted on In-
dian customs............... ii, 109
LAMARCK, J. B. P. A. DE, Reference
to work of, on Solpugidee. iii, eh 291
LAMBACH, Henry, Election of... .1i, 205
—,V aluable donation Dyn eiee seh 65
LaMetiaria pellucida, Occurrence
CE teks Raye ers SR, -V, 956
Lamium amplevicaule, — —......i11, 170

324
Page
LAncAster, E. Ray, Reference to
work of, on Solpugidee Lael ili, 306
Lancer-prece, Morphologic defini-
THOMSOLS as cage ietetele le esis h oases Vs) OF
Lanpa, Dirco pr, cited on Indian
customs...... srcdetadeyateyeraiet ey) moh: iii, 122
Lanpry, S. F., Election of. a be ee v, 222
LANE, Mrs J. p st ersta ids ics de 0
LANGLEY, SAMUEL | Prunront, Report
by, quoted... BER ciaie eine iv, 294
St Wall oyshien Kom ae taate acta meanicc.ceo © vV, 273
LANGUAGE, Primitive ces ek oe i TEL
Laneurta lata, Occurrence of..... ay AZo
LANtIus borealis, as fs natavetere uasens v, 149
— (Collyrio) ludovicianus excubitori-
NS LCS ha re ee ABS atid .v, 149
Lariam, Increase A., cited on In-
EAT Gite een Dein eae iy, 289
— — — prehistoric clothe gales al, ZO
—, Election of, as honorary aie
DGD arte cers Sasa 8
— (Notice of the late), LL. D.: o
(0) SEPAGRIRN fashic Bice TO tate eh vad 29
— quoted on the peopling of Amer-
IGE Be rater Seah eRe site iv, 297
LAPHAMIA stansburiana, Occurrence
OLA eR teit eeteisicik meeonins ne le elas
LaPpa officinalis, — —.......00+0 1, 159
LarRA wnicincta, —— ....... i, 194, 207
LARRABEE, Racuet, Acknowledg-
TMMCTUG GOA Na se aici nasi svm ie ee vy, 81
Larrava argentata, Occurrence of.i, 208
— montana, ——...... gies teeta Setere i, 208
— tarsata, ——.......... soe Ey i, 208
— terminata, ——. Seep ens is ist 208
LarTer, Epovuarp, cited on antiqui-
Ee ie eR OR 18: iv, 320
Larus argentatus smithsonianus, Oc-
CUITENCE OL: Sa en sce Veer nes v, 114
— delawarensis, — — Jisels te Macrae eLeLO,
franklin, = =. .n66 5 kpekes Se Wy LUI)
LasEA rubra, Mice ee oats v, 66*
LASTARRLEA, Remy; C.C. Parry.v, 35
— chilensis, Characterization of spe-
GIES RAS Bek he inches Vs, 436
— linearis, — — —...........45. Vv, 36
ing SV LEE (Pre ae teed Py Revers reel a v, 36
Latuam, R. G., cited on races... .iv, 297
Latruam, Mrs R. E., Election of iii, 134
—, Valuable donation by........ iv, 246
LaririmmuM sordidum, Occurrence
(0) echoes rs eB ENG Soke oncL Eaten ts i, 170
Larnrosecres formidabilis, Effects
of bite of ..... rd ee PS obeckets iii, 254
Larirosium longiusculum, Occur-
TENCE Oley he aia eae .1, 170
Latrurop, D., Election meh as honor-
ary MBIAHETE eke aN See eek ee pene

6

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

Latiyrus venosus, Occurrence of. .i, 156

Lavirus cayohuesonicus, ——..... Velo:

— infundibulum, ——...........V, 51
LaATREILLE, PrErRE- ANDRE, cited on

Solpugidee . . white Rees =. op slg 205

—, Reference to work of, — —.1ii, 282-285

289- 291, 293, 300

Larripius kirbyi, Occurrence of... i 179

— pumilus, = =... se are tt .1, 203
LaumMan, Cuaries N., Letter from,

on pipes and tablets....... -ly, 311

Lava plains of Idaho’... .2:.0n¢ ili, 84

Lua, Isaac, Election of. cue li, 128
LEAcu, WiniraM Exrorp, Reference

to work of, on Solpugidee ...iii, 285
Lesia guttula, Occurrence of......i, 190
= ViTidis; — =") See ee 1 178, 200
LECANIUM acericola, “Habits of. ... i, 37
— —, Noteson.......... eae Te cost

—— ’ Record of discussion on....1i, 143

— acericorticis, Habitsiofic trees ea 255
— —, Occurrence of........ site ‘aS SOD
— maclure, Notes on............1i, 340
— pyri, , 6 dee ae Oe ae li, 339
Lr Gace a, __ ANTOINE, ‘Donation of
valuable papers of ae piv ail
— — — — property of...... eS
—, Relics of ss: 4425e eee eee iii, 98
Lx Crater Antorne J. , Election of .i1, 255
—, Valuable donations DY acer i, ‘250 ;

lii, 58, 65

Le Cuaire, Josepn A., Election of.i, 76
Lx Conrr, Joun L., cited on Solpug-
1d... s,s ose ee i 305

—, Descriptions of Coleoptera DYntee
—, Election of, as honorary mem-

loys) ee et Se ak fees 78
—, Letter from....... a his aly crore LLG
—, Obituary notice of........ ne 230

—, Reference to founding of f species

Diced 4 cng ere eae ri OY
—; Tribute tors apes: ricki: AEE ii, 118
— ’ Valuable donation by . ae ili, 16
LECTURES, Summary, Of jsseeenter iv, 236
Lrpa acuta, Occurrence of .......1i, 244
— jamaicensis, ——..... Pe ees in lel

Le Duc, Wit11aM, Collection by. ..v,
Ler, Mino, Election of .
Leersta Lentic ularis, Occurrence of. iv, 28
LEFT-HANDEDNESS (Prevalence of )

in the city schools; W. H.

26
8

PRATT: . 2 l.2k dae ..1i, 186
ILecéerr, W..H., Election of. ii, 128
LrrBera, Jou, Acknowledgments

LOS. al doe Sle ili, 169; iv, 27, 65
Lerpy, JosePpH, — — ........1i, 295, 342
—, Election of........ vs Ohotebs eal gee

— quoted on bark lice...........11, 294

-

’

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

eee
Lemmon, J. G., Collection by.i Haan iv, 5
—, Dedication of species to.......V, 192
—, Election of .......... es a or ih eats:
—, Reference to work of......... uu, 281
Lronarp, C. M., Election of..... sys EL
Leronarp, N. R., Valuable donation
|S) ere oes Sceptres Sic Che ECORI ih, PAG
LrEonurus cardiacus, Occurrence of.i i, 161
LrripiuM intermedium, ——.,....1, 155
— virginicum, — — ......-..--4.. i, 155
Leprpoprera (List of ) collected in
Colorado during the summer of
sigs de 1B) Bueno oc. 1, U82
— — — — the vicinity of Daven-
port, Iowa; J. D. Putnwam.....1, 174
— (— — the) of Muscatine county,
Iowa; Atice B. Warton ....1i, 191
Lepomis cyanellus, Occurrence of..v, 79
— humilis, ——..............00- Vena
aaah TUCO CLOSE ys ots venal'a ara v, 78
Leprosy, Work of R. J. Farquhar-
SOMLOMe ae Behn By (Medics takore se iv, 205
Leprarcrica decia, Occurrence of.ii, 272
— dimidiata, —— ......... ; STi, iia:
Se LC eee g si bial etaibys ba tekt rye, EP}
Lepron bowmani, Sealer deeeieheniy Ackoes
— fabagella, = — 1. ..65.6-. oa te MOOT
Leprura auripilis, ——.......... i, 180
— chrysocoma, — —............ Salen 200
— cribripennis, — — ..........45. i, 180
— nitens, ——........... is AORN eal
— obliterata, ——............45. i, 200
— propinqua, — — ........4..0%- i, 200
— rufibasis, — — .......... sssartts i, 180
SUL RIVEL a: mh aig EN listo wveleahal i, 180
— sexmaculata, ——........ PSoliyalicct)
— subargentata, ——............. i, 200
LeEpyrus colon, — —............. ei
Lercu, A. J., Election of........ ly, 227
Lercue, C. R., Reference to w ork
Cee eee hi tarcet ease mists wets . il, 281
Lrercuren, Herman, Election of. .iii, 146
—, Valuable donation by ....... iv; 20
Lesiiz, CHaries C., Acknowledg-
INOVS IONE VOY ie cis Gow G0 Retard ates mil, 1
parte IOC UOMNOR ae o's fers Siesta wt es i, 69
—, Valuable donation by..... sally 16
LESPEDEZA capitata, Transfer of spe-
(CHET es Oe ace ioe ec cok an Pere ii, 126
— leptostachya, Description — — .ii, 126
— violacea, Occurrence of........ ui, 126
Lisquerevs, Leo, Election of....ii, 128
, Reference to work:of ........ 1 206
ieee portlandia, Occurrence of. . 75
Leraierry, L., Collection Diyas ae 13
—, Valuable donation lO rege aie 102
LEUCARCTIA acroea, Occurrence
Oise sana arate Tene De lig lt ROD

|
2 | Leucozonta cingulifera, Occurrence
t Seiey
LEvEREt?, Fr a Election of....v,

Tawi ETS) Wis ams ele Cre lil,
Lewis, Tide enon ledgments
LOPE eas ae < Bastar u tans 1, 130,
—, Election of,......... sfSrayatee teat
== etter frome is s2fod dae il,
| Lewis, Merissa, Acknow ledgment
| Wooo dc agyiodsue ooo oH Omg oc a
| Lrarris squarrosa, Occurrence of. .
| LiBELLULA composita, ——..... ie
| —= forensis, — —...... prego edn 20d.
| — saturata, — —............. 1, 204,

325

Page

51

Ly

444

139

249
25
117

81
158
205
205
205

Lrerarray, Reports of. erie IRR OS Tila, BALSA

| 11, 96; Lv, P15, 2 235 « v, 197,
210, 236, 265
(Zoey WOES: Oils a' oo ops «cna, $ os oe iv, 219
LIBRARIES containing works on Sol-
| DULL ie 15 Secale cee ili, 307
| Liprary, Additions to the. .i, 222; ili, 14
| —, Catalogue of the............. ly 226
| —, Condition — —.............. v, 265
ee , Contents — —......... Biome fits)
| —, Growth <4. cnet He 3
LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, Acknowledg-
| macnt: Ow Geers sea im, Wal
| LicnrensteIn, Hernricu, Reference
| to work of, on Solpugidee... .iii, 282
| Lick, JiAmms; Tribute to. 62... 1 260
| Lire, Increased duration of hu-
| TOTATIGON yee hain teres Neve aol eee v, 243
| LigHTrNine phenomena at Black-
| loehwier \WVYolel IARMee Goa ser iii, 91
| — rod, the Chambers... .iii, 179; iv, 41
Licuron, Tuomas, Acknowledgment
| COME tect ec atkins aes ane Thy el
—, Acquisition of telescope from. ii, 197
<M ECHONLOL a. sneer eee i, 8
—, ’ Record of remarks ygeee ser 1,14, 25
—, Reference to work of......... 24
Liauns fasciatus, Noteson........ v, 67
— —. Occurrence of............. v, 48
Licgustrum filicinwm,——........ i, 150
[jp LUNGay RTS HILT EO —— at ese atete ete i, 180
| Linrum canadense, — —........... i, 164
— parryi, Founding of species li, 189
| — philadelphicum, Occurrence of: .i, 164
| Linurpriner, D. R., Election of. .iii, 107
Timms Wi a ee Vv; 229
| Liry (A new California); C. C.
PRR: a ache ee Cons Grad stage eae ii, 188
Lora scabra, Occurrence of. ? 243 ; v, 70*
| SOMOM OSC —— ete le teal O43 « v, 70*
ma LENT Ope ara, 6 ss a va 10e
— trilineata, — —............ Pe ae ISit
| Limax castaneus, Ce IE Hehe ji, 130
Limes, Morphologie definition of.iv, 77

326

Page
Limenitis gouldii, Identification of.ii, 255
— misipus, Occurrence of.i, 191, 1 aC ; 11, 191

— ursula, — —........ ip 175; 19, 175
— weidemeirii, — —........ Bid at) 196
LimneEa bulimoides, ——......... ii, 132
— caperaia, — —.... a, 1665) 118
— catascopium, — —...... ....-- li, 132
— columella, ——........-... Vv, 69
— desidiosa, ——......... i, ae ig, 132
— humilis, — —... 0... ee. , 48, 69
— olodes, — —......-......- Ase iia 132
— palustris, ——.........06. ...-11, 132
— reflexd, ——.... 2... eee. i, 166; 11,18
— stagnalis, — —............00-- ii, 132
Lrunopuysa bonnevillensis, Founding

ORS PEClESee eaters Seer ote VA O
— palustris, Occurrence of........ li, 143
Limosa fedoa, ——........ eee Vy 1
LinaRIA canadensis, ——........ li, 269
Linpanut, Josua, Election of..... ill, 94
—, Record of exhibition by..... na, 3

Liypuey, CLarence T., Appointment
of committee to investigate
CINATOCSN ON eae Ahraeie sae ane Vipul
— — —, on standing committee. .ii, 80;
lil, 107, 161

= HE CHLOMUOLS cat tac escent i, 74
— — —aslibrarian............ a 105
SS raaeey ae of section ..iii, 95
— > ———— —GPUSLERs « <) oie c «is sane iy, 240
a— HO UISOM Ob. sss ea oe cee 2% V; 222
—,; Mound explorations in 1875..i, 111
— ; —— — Jackson county, Iowa.ii, 83
—, Record of communications

Wyeriewot sw .Rlon Rosen ili, 94, 149
— —— papers by. ...6.0../.... i, 5, 70
—— ————-FeEporth DY-ini% . . ese e- oe ii, 24
—, Reference to work of.iu1, 90, 100, 132
—, Refutation of charges by Fepeay Vv, 221
—, Report of, as librarian....... ili, 14¢
—, Resolution by............ ealVeeeel
—and OC. L. Prarr; Exploration of

nine mounds in Rock oe

county, Illinois, May 19 to 23,

LSS Ase eee ee eee ANI Lf
Linpsay, R. F., Valuable donation

Baie cee crete Pade oie iaica iv, 241
Linpsey, J. E.; Election of....... We 227,
LINGLE, Dav ID, Hae Seti e eee Th tates
Lrxcuta pyramidata, Occurrence of.y, 71*
Linn xus, Srrk Crrarues, Reference to

work of, on Solpusid: a ee: li, 283
Lintner, J. A., Acknowledgment

LOR fos NG ee taerrats es Se Hi, 128, 342
— cited on bark lice......... ii, VAY ears 340

HIPEHONIOD: Cars ten. nee el ii, 128
—, Letter from, on pipes and me

LO tareh Nene tree. Sensis ce nee 1v, 33

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Linum virginianum, Occurrence of.i, 155
Liotta cruentata, ——..........-V, 62
— muricala, —— .......4. Saeeey Vv, 62
— tricarinata, ie eae Seen
LiopLax subcarinata, — —........1, 166
Liparis lilifolia, — —......... mires fa 3
LiIrRIODENDRON tulipifera, — — ....1, 154
Lisrrus interruptus, ——...... otk el
— senilis, === 2 Cee Jaa 200
Lrrnopomus antillarum, — — ....11, 244
— bisulcatus, ——.............+..V, 69%
— forficatus, ——...... tie gisele ene Ogs
— lithopagus, —— .......... sel, 2A9
— Niger, ——... 2... eee oY avs Van Des
Lirnosta angillacea, — —.........1, 186
LirHosPpERMUM arvense, ——.....iv, 66
— hirtum, —= = eee eae skill
— longiflorum, Exclusion of..... iii, 172
— —, Occurrence of.............-1, 161
— officinale, = 4 ltteer li, 255
Lirnuraus apicalis, — —.........1, 209
Lirropa bombyx, —— .........--V, 99
— striata, — — .......-...-2- .ii, 240
Dimers wee Vie Acknowledgment
TOD ht) ee ee iit,» 90)
—, Valuable donation by....... ‘iv, 15
Lirrorina anguliferu, Occurrence
Of EERE Sa Ae ne ii, 240; v, 46, 59
— dilatata, — —.........4... 2.1 20
— guttata, ——............... -.v, 959
— ivrorata, — —....i1, 240; v, 46, 47, 59
— lineata, — —...... BARES iscrsbis\ in» GS)
— muricata, ——........ oe eae
— nodulosa, ——........+.2....-1l, 240
— trochiformis, — —..........40- ii, 250
— ZGZ09,/— ss be ae eee Saver Do,
Livrinestonek, Davin, cited on African
lancndce 52 eee Lc aS ae
— — — — writing..... oe ee rife RS
Livona pica, Occurrence of....... v, 63
Lioyn, Jonn, Titles of lectures by.ii, 202

LoBELIA cardinalis, Occurrence of.i, 159

== puberula, = =." eae oi oh ee i, 160
— spicata, — —.... se eee eee sis tie
— syphilitica, — —........+.4.-. i, 159
Lozss, Fossils of the... 122 72 suigeee
—, Occurrence of ............ Aer a,
LoLiuM perenne, — —...........- ii, 260
Lona, StrrHen H., Reference to ex-
pedition by... 3.5.0 ii, 280; iii, 272
Lonacu amps, SELys, cited on Neu-
roptera ’...... eee ese ar 05)
LonGretLow, Henry W. Quotations
froma’)... 2). ee eee li, 174, 111, 213
— sponsor for Squier and Davis. int 289
Lonarrarsus, Occurrence of genus.i, 181
Lonapre, L. os Election of.. iii, 94
LONGS PEAK, Record of ascent of. SB) has

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-—V.

Page
Lonicera ciliata, Occurrence of...i, 150
— flava, — — ...... 22. eee wien celey LOS
LopHantuus lepetoides, — —......i, 160
— urlicefolius, ——............2- i, 151
LopHopytes cucullatus, ——..... y, 116
Lorp, J. K., cited on shell money.ii, 42
Lorp, JouN, Record of lectures by.ii, 207
LORENZEN, Jens, Election of ..... li, 205

Lortrrs edentula, Occurrence of. v, 46, 66*
Los ANGELES, Aboriginal paintings

ML CAME aee tne cutee elec ese etotavelie eeve LOD
Lora lacustris, Occurrence of:.... i, 190
Loursa county, Antiquities in...ili, 183
— —, Elephant pipes from...... re 271

— —, Mounds of..... ili, 140, 189; v, 37
LOUISIANA, Ancient pottery from. iy, 125

—= Antiquities 10010 en eae A iv, 276
—, Donations from. ............ ii, 61
Lounspvry, A., Election of ....... I oa
Lousr, The maple jor i dic eA ee ae y

Love, Jou, Valuable eae oe by. i, 16

Lower CALIFORN 1A, Flora of. .iv, 35, 38 ;
V ry 187
Ser CMO AT AON Sits nee 2G ate v, 26
Lowrey, SARAH, Resolutions of
Pieules tOu else. als Teo 200
Loxta curvirostra minor, Occurrence
rath ae 3 s3 Bye cone Reta v, 141
SS LEUCO PIERO 8 aha wee ple hein v, 141
LoxoNEMA pexatum, — —........ v, 108
LoxopeEza atriceps, ——.........- i, 178
= QNONGIS, seeds lees ce see i, 169
Lussock, Srr Joun, cited on antiqui-
LES er tect noes ort atcne ote e ive 210, 276
— — — Cherokee sy sab aye tee ii, 111
— —— man and mastodon..... ive ole
==, (Cini nro SisaWt0s fig ok Ogena oF seme sli, GOI
— quoted on American antiqui-
(EC ee Re SO ait 278
— — — neglected discoveries ...iv, 294
Lucanus dama, Occurrence of ....1, 171
Lucas, Hipporyte, cited on Solpu-
olde iu Lae. Bh deat srs EAS DON IST
—, Reference to work of, — — iii, 290,
292, 293, 295- 299)
Luctwota atra, Occurrence of .....i, 171
Luctna costata, al Wen ore erie ous s Via, 66%
SS GRTOMTC — IS o See Bona ular
— dentata, ——.................U, 245
— edentula, — —..... biog ict aptly 25)
— floridana, ——...... . li, 245; v, 60*
— jamaicensis, —— ...... Beeee sive, OG
— lintea, ——........... li, 246; v, 65*
— MUNICAEA, — —. 2. eee ewe eee v, 66*
— nassula, —— .......... eae cen en ys oa
SY AGH Dr ee ech ate Pana Be eeives OO
— pennsylvanica, — -—......... . Li, 245

— GQwadrisulcaid, —— »s..sc00.+. Ws

327
Page
Luctna squamosa, Occurrence of..v, 66*
— tenuicostata, ——........... SES OOg
— tigerina, —— ......... 45; v, 66*
— trisulcata, — —.........--4--- v, 66*
Luptow, E., Election of......... iv, 227
Lupwic, Rupoupn, cited on crin-
OL See ey aya esse re IN, 7/8
Lupwiata palustris, Occurrence of.ii, 259
=! DOWJCON DO, —— —— 7s oh s\ays tite 6 ene i. 157
Lumspen, J. A., Election of...... lv, 227
Lurerus longulus, Occurrence of. ..i, 181,
190
Sa 0! ea i, 181
Gus: Zi. 'C., Address by: ~ cc. 2 stil MLZ
—, Valuable donation by . Paciine” 2g)
LUrricoua gruneri, Occurrence of.v, 63*
Lycunis githago, — —.......- Speen ste)
— vespertina, —— ..........62-- i, 126
Lycana antegon, ——......-1, 185, 189
(HOT) <9 Seb oe ny al7fays rine, IESE
CBIR > mt tra eye, See lee ley
— heteronea,— —........ M8 oir
= UCC ra sic «3g ore shs 6) sis ets i, 185
== MUCVISEO, — == oie ye sine Seyi a8 i, 185
— neglecta, ——..... ac eects ii, 191
— orbitulus, — — .... 26... eee eee i, 185
— pheres, etait Gutheres eee i, 197
— pseudargiolus, ——....... i, 129) 190
Lycoropium lucidulum, —— ....iv, 67
Lycopus europxus, ——...... seal, Lat
Lycosa (On the young of the species
OL} sic. PUTNAM......2 0.0. li, 23
Lyeui, Str CHarues, cited on an-
GIQUITIES Ae 2. caraianes seek + lVy 200
— — — Mississippi delta........ iv, 276
—, Memorial resolution on....... Py he
— quoted on antiquities ........ lv, 320
— — — loess............ : ges on
LyGyrus morio, Occurrence of . Sa yAl
Lyncu, E. P., ‘Appointment of, en
building committee ....... sis, a
—— —— memorial —........ lil, 185
— — — — standing —....1ii, 80; iii, 67,
107; iv, 12, AV 240 ; v, 200, 217
==, Blectioniotece sn tase eee i 16
—— == = AH) PRepI eth ee ase ce iv, 221
— — — — trustee.i, 41; ii, 2 218; iii, 105;
iv, 240; y, 216
— — — — vice-president..... "ii, 105
—, Mound exploration by........ Vii pou
—; President’s annual address . .iv, 237
—, Record of paper by.......... .v, 268
—— —-remarks by........... ..v, 280
—, Report of conference committee
BD Va cet seer crotch cmsets rsh Ae oes sole odd
——— building aad dhelba, sates li, 153
see committee on animal
CALVIMES TEUGr pe sieiinere og Nee Ip 248

328

DAVENPORT ACADEMY

Page
Lyneu, E. P., Valuable donations
by Pen Coo ok 11,16, 6b vy, 205
—, v ork of, as president........ iv, iii
—, H.C. Futon, C. E. Harrison
and GC. H. Preston ; Mound ex-
plorations at Toolesboro, Louisa
COUNTY, LOW e hae sees ee oe Wee owe
Lyncu, W. A., Election of...... alsa OD
isn Occurrence Of-. 2 ss. ee : li, 86

Lyon, Sypney S., cited on crinoids,

iv, 78, 83

Lyon county, Moundsin........ v, 110
LyonstA beana, Occurrence of.....v, 72
— floridana, — —... 2.0.26. 65.- i ll
— hyalina, — —... 2. eee li, 248
Lystmacuta longifolia, -— —....... i, 160
LytHroum alatum, — —........... 1, 158
Lyra fulgifera, ——.......... lg ELON
— sphericollis, — —..........206- i, 181
Macxkrintosu, Rosert, Election of.ii, 164
—, Reference to legacy by ...v, 199, 212
—, Valuable donation by....... iii; . 29
Mac Lean, Jonn P., cited on antiqui-

LIES aan ie ciency acatorer « Vw nT,
— — — Indian culture..... Seely 2eo

— PHIeChOn, Of aceon hora eer v, 228
—, ’ Letter from, on pipes and tab-

Lets ky erate Pies re tsele arth At ly, 304
—, Record of benefit lecture by ..v, 204
— — — letter from......... asnso\h, ZUR
— — — visit from.............. v, 214
—, Valuable donation by........ v, 224
Mac LEAY, W.S%., Reference to work

of, on Solpugidee hact\ nee te li, 287
Macoma anomala, Occurrence of..v, 63*
— balthica, ——.. 2... ee eee ee li, 247
— constr icta, a= (= slahine wedlek ole AV OSD
—— CRUSE = ss Sa he Wociabe macateieneaste Vv, 63"
— proxima, ——.......... eas Oo
— tampaensis, — — ............. a et
Macomser, J. K, Election of... .ii1, 174
Macrozasis fabricii, Occurrence of.i, 172
MAcrROCERAMUS gossei, — —...... Va) 1017,
PON LCUS tl, wk Waiisle ash cte & Vauleo
MAcrocycuis concava, ——......- eho
Macroeuossa diffinis, — —.i, 176; 11, 191
ms TRY 8DE is Ase beets ws or ii, 191
Macronoxia 10-lineata, — —..... i, 203
Macroprraricrirys sullivanti, ——.i1, 268
MAcRORHAMPHUS griseus, — —... i 122
Macrosiua carolina, ——........ i 191
= quinquemaculata, — eet (opaarh ats ak
Macrra fragilis, ——...... ii, 246 + oe o
— lateralis, — —.......11, 246 ; v, 47, 72

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Mactra oblonga, Occurrence of...v, 72
— SAU, — ——nanas sncine wo orcs, a a.
— similis, —— . Beit 246; v, 46, 72
— solidissima, — na Oe 246
. Gta eae eee “ii, 246
Manptson FORK, Indian works on.iii, 67
MAGDALIs per foratus, Occurrence of.i, 173
MAGNusEN, Finn, cited on Dighton
rock : i... 720 ee li, 105
MacGurre, —— , Record of presenta-
tion by.. #4 eal ee .V, 203
Manany, J. Ae “Election of...... iv, 213

MAINE, Donations from
Matnuory, Mrs E. A., Acknowledg-

ment to ae
Matyva rotundifolia, Occurrence of.1,

— sylvestris, — -—......2.0000e on ¢
MALvastruM angustum, ——.....1,
Mamesrra adjuncta, — —........1,
— PENIGENA, — ee cece eee ceeees li,
— subjuncta, — —... 1.6.20. sit,

Mammora (Bones of the) in Wash-’
ington county, Lowa; J. Gass
and W. H. Prarr..
MANnpEvIute, H. M., Election of.. ii,

—, Valuable donation by 2c ee iii,
MANpevtt, LE, Mrs H. M., Record of
collection by

iii, 21, 35

45
155
155
155
192
192
192

164
61

214

—, Valuable donations by . ii, 127 ; iii, 50

Manat balteata, Occurrence of .v, 55
-— stellata, = ee eee S Va OO
MANGOLD, J. G., V Taluable donation
DY sci eee ee ili, 29
Manrrona, Primitive pottery of..iv, 187
Mann, B. PickMAN, Acknowledg-
ments to ..... ohaltae tle tinea iii, 305
=, Hlection-of, 3. ieee Aes
_ ’ Letter from, on pipes and tab-
lets..... Ry S85 nia\dhateele eg 304
—, Memorial letter from....... .ili, 218
—; Reference to work of, on Sol-
pugidee « .:..4.0c eee ee iii, 305
Mann, JAMES, ‘Collection by .....v, 54
Manset, Ric HARD, Election of....i, 35
—, Record of paper by....... «ste el
Marste& Rock, Formations at....v, 104
Marcy, Ranpoutpn B., Collection
by . Solace. aneee Pari 252
=, Reference to ex pedition bys 30
Mare, Perer, Discovery of clephont
PIPE 'DY?....,a.<015 eee onto tee GVO es
; Record “Of letter froma... Snes li, 349
, Reference to discovery by ...iv, 335
M. ARGARITA risii, Occurrence of . -v, 63
MARGARITINA complanata, _—=>.. i 165
— confragosa, ——...... 5s aves Seg lam Gos
— celtoidea, ——..... » dhe pk PRE
— hildrethiana, — —.............1, 166

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

MARGARITINA marginata, Occurrence
iy ee ee NE rd i, 166
= HUGO, = — ono deh peo neaD Oe i, 166
MARGINELLA apicina, — —....... Van oe
—'aureocincta, — — ........-.%.-. v, 52
— carned, —— ...... Atioeic v, 46, 52
— catenata, — —.... eee eee eee Wan 2
— guttata, —— .. eee eee eee v, 46, 52
— lachrymula, ——............. Vv, 02
WLC —— ns ead ee rjete dieitadies Vv; 52
— MIiNUtd, — —. eee eee ee eee Vi 92
SUC A Mg Naa cle ale evra ais es 64s v, 42
UICC Neh Ste | Sayarelia ie atei'a el ata ore We 0
— opalina, — —.... 0... ce eee eee Vv; 02
— ovuliformis, — —.........2..-: Vv, 02
a POLIO i i) as Salad stele V, 02
—(Mamillus, = — 2. eee eds donss Vv, 002
— pellucida, — —... 2... cece ee ees v, 62
OSCUOM = he ea saves tae ees Vee
Marix, Max, JNO Cito canner i, 48

Marx, E. L., Acknowledgments to,
ral, azs, 341
— cited on bark lice , 300, 306, 317,
319, 321 , 327
— — — Solpugide.............- iii, 305
MED LECHLOMD Olin Wace het Ate Mi, 291
—, Memorial letter from...... sett, 220

Marks, Mrs M. L., Election of...v, 219
—, Enrollment of, as life member. v, 221

Marks, T., Acknowledgment to..v, 81
Marsn, GeorGre P., sponsor for
Squier and) Davis... /.......- iv, 289
Marsu, Mrs H. C., Election of...ii, 12
Marsu, OvHNiIEL Crarues, Election
Olle color ne Rian eet rors li, 128
—,V aluable donation DyrApeceiae Vitis JUG)
M: ARSH, WILLIAM A., Ackpowledg-
ment WORM Neve utcte Steretireee oes v, 48
—, Identification of species by ...v, 67*
MarsHaui, Gregory, Acknowlede-
ment TOn ys... Wantes seam ieee v, 8l
Marsiita vestitu, Occurrence of...iy, 67
*Marresta cuneiformis, ——......v, 70
SS SUN eigen s es cine a 70
Martin, Mrs H. M., Election of.. 80
M ARTINIQUE, Solpugidee from. ae 269
Manruta cotula, Occurrence of. .... 1, 159
Marx, Groras, Collections by.iii, 267, 278
Marytanp, Donations from...... ra, (ll 2
iil, a 3)
Masaris vespoides, Occurrence of . , 208
NSO TLOLUUSS stn Say Py endo des Vie eat a 208
Masks, Primitive...........0..5 iv, 169
Mason Ciry, Section near... ... v, 102
Mason, James B., Election of..... he aae
MPASON, Ji Nas ==)—=5 ee. Se ee yee 227
Mason, L.G.,— —........ Seaton gs 2 AOU!
Mason, Oris T., ——............ ii, 128
[Proc, D, A. N.S., Vol. V.]

42

329
Page
Mason, Orts T., quoted on pipesand

tabletiss. sa. Seren ee iy, 332, 338
—, Valuable donation by... ...iii, 16
Massacuuserrs, Dighton rock in.ii, 105
—, Donations from..... li, 62; iii, 21, 35
Masi CAG eMlectionvot aes. a Live 22
Masropon, Antiquity of the..... Lveawile
— coeval with man ...... cy a iv, 279
_, Recency @isthen Ue , 309, 330
Marrnews, Hiram N. SReASIatON of

theme toh ket ek cae ae sis
Marrurws, WaAsHinaton, Review of

MIEMOM DV caste cvs ia IVs) 30
Ma'tHry, Election of...... Vv, 228
Mavus bicarinatus, Occurrence of. .i, 170
Mauritius, Donation from...... ili, 42
MAXWELL, AG! , Valuable donation

LON Parameter erciia teen me too SVN eS)
Maxwe tt, D. P. , Election of ....iv, 229
May, Enocnu, E lection of, as honor.

ary mem berice A. lhe a ee ee
—, Valuable donation Dyker li, 197
Mayas, Picture writing of the ...1i, 110
Mayer, Branrz, cited on Mexican

picture writing td di Serer ete tes ii, 110
— quoted on Indian history..... ii, 104
McBripg, Tuomas H., Acknowledg-

ment LORE e as Bat caries ett oe iv, 66
—, Tribute to J. D. Putnam

JON ee eerhtcectchcrs ite Olin tke tos eats be iv, 212
McCarn, Cornett, Election of. .iv, 222
McCietiann, Grorar P., Acknowl-

edgment coe MTD Ne SM, ltt
—, Appointment of, on standing

comnuttee. .. ii, 67; v, 200, 217, 246
==, Collection byt... 0605.42.29: iV; 23

, Election of, as treasurer...... v, 216
— — — — trustee :./.... iv, 221; v, 245
—, Memorial resolutions by...... Vv, 279
—'on committee to solicit subscrip-

LNILOUOTS YR ame torus tances ice Avene
—, Report of, as committee on C. ay

IB ove (on athe AHo i oein Alea v, 221
== SS ironslaret Le Pan Soot eM Ae V;, 20
McCrietianp, Mrs Grorae P., Elec-

{KOLORCO) Re rant ierierneytcystvenn cic eto e site IPA
McCLeLuanp, ne W.,——....... ii, 164
tise Sad aalirustieds foun rer oeee v, 195

Valuable donation’ by. 7.2:- ue, (oil
Mo CLELLAND, Mrs T. W., Appoint-
ment of, on standing commit-

LECH Wer ners s tingle se ees iii, 67
—, Election of..... Mt ra ator ii, 164
McCook, Henry C., Acknowledg-

MEMO os aston netaeRe ills) 8)
— cited on Solpugide .......... ii, 271
—, Collection by ...::.02. 05 Sho. iii, 273
= Hlectiontof i020). cea .e ae li, 128

[July 11, 1893]

soo

Page

McCowen, JENNIE, Appointment of,
oh standing committee...... iv, 240
i » 208

— — — — secretary.....v, 216, 245, 273
—; Librarian’s report.......... iv, 235
—, Memorial resolutions by. .v, 261, 263
— on publication committee..... We ill
—, Record of communication by.v, 280
— — — lectures by......... iv, 229, 236
— —.— papers by..... .lv, 249; v, iv
—, Reference to iectures by shelby she lv, 238
—, Report by, of donation Rare ts iv, 212
— — of, as librarian. .iv, 235; v, 197, 210
SS SOI Bo co 4 ae ‘y, 235, 264
McCowsen, Suz, Election of ...... Waves
McCreapy, Miss L. A., Acknow L
CASMEMTELO Wiad ree Eales er Wigs coill
McCrum, Miss A. J. SOMERVILLE,
BlechOMOl. Ae cts yee cne iV, 201
McCuttouen, Mrs THomas, Letter
from, convey ing publications. itty
_, Work of, with Centennial Asso-
COVE ROY TN a eee ae TER 2 ii, 66
McCut.ouag, W., Election of :..iv, 227

McDonovan, D. T., Acknowledg-

TRG LOpaee late acoso Bayar Bh iii, 173
oo W J, Elec tion of ....... ii, 174

; Index to volumes i-v........ v, 281
_, ’ Letters from, on pipes and tab-

NGL OS SO en iv, 323, 325

; Memoir of J. Duncan Put-

LOE OORM ys phe i a, Oar anes lili, 241
—, Memorial letter from........ lili, 220
—, Record of address by ........ Vig HELE
— — — communication by...... Vv, 23
—, Reference to index by.v, iv, 268, 270
— — — memorial by........... ili, 195

—, Report of, as memorial commit-

WEIN hc. ORs ee gerne mo od on ili, 241

—, Valuable donations by.iv, 207 ; v, 229
McGonecat, Mrs M. A., Election’

USCS Es TF epchee hb eats ilpp eile
— — —, as secretary.........i, 853 ii, 1
—, oo DY oy pant weet ii, 6

, Work of, with Centennial Asso-

CIATION. Hash e ee i, 166
McGown, D. P., Valuable donation

IONS aren eens eee uw 20
McLain, B. W., Collection DY:s. al, 205

McMrrnav, Miss E. , Election ares Dili

McMorrnte, H. M., Reference to
work of, on Solpugidee......111, 289

McNett, Jerome, Appointment of,

on standing committee...... v, 247
—— HVECHON OLem wek1.1s fae: salencrep v, 2382

?
—, Record of papers by...... V, 232, 268

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
McWuorrerr, Tyter; Beds of Car-
boniferous drift in the bluffs of
East Davenport... <i 52.0 ene ili, 129
ae lection ofass aaa iii, 174; iv, 222
, Record of communication by.ili, 149

Mr AD, Tiopore L., Collection by.i ii, 272
—, Election of....... a 9 ala alee ea ae
Mr AsuRB, Unit of, used by mound-
builders. .... is soi ere . “tl 85
Merrnan, Tuomas, Election of.. tl28
_ quoted on Helianthus... .. pts ee 28
—, Valuable donation by....... iii, 16
Merk, F. B., cited on crinoids...iv, 78

Meeker, Roy, Acknowledgment to. v, 81

Mua Acnitr exilis, Occurrence of.. .i, 209
— gentilis, — —. > ieee eee .1, 209
= Prunia, — —- eee ey eel)
M&GASCOPS asio, — — ..1....-.. LY, 130
Mrainua maculata, — —..........1, 170
Meaisrocrinus coneavus Founding

of species. . ~ shi ane eee lv, 99
— nodosus, — — —...........- . li, 285
— —, Revision ——........... iv, 98
Meras, J. A., cited on Indian cus-

TOMS......65) ee eee ay 123

Meics, M. C., Report by, quoted. iv, 294

Metset, A., Acknowledgment to. iii, viii
Menampus bidentatus, Occurrence

Of. t4 se “do atu-b ee
— bulloides, ——..............%. v, 68
— caffeus, — — .........06. +o ise aS
— coffea, — —..... 2.48. wis 6 pe eeu
— flavus, — =o.i0 eee ie 251; v, 68
— floridanus, ——............-- y,
— lineatus, ——..... J iterd hoe v, 68
MELANERPES carolinus, ——..... Vinlico
— erythrocephalus, —— .........V, 132
Menanopaita drummondi, — — ..i, 180
— longpipes, — —....1, 180, 19%, 199, 203
Mernanorus communus, OA Ty edie
— opacicollis, — —..............-1, 171
—= tenan, — ==. cushee WA ahgonts Pee lil
MELANTHO subsolida, — —....... ‘ue 166
— — — — in kitchen-middens . sii, 158
aS shell-bed).5s..c.ciise cae 42
Meeacris gallopavo, Occurrence

(0) RRP CMR Ss alee eee,
MELIGETHES ruficornis, — — ..1, 179, 203
— rufimanus, — —......... Be resine i, 179
Meuitotus alba, — —..... {pee ee i, 156
— officinalis, — = .s.tss40. oe peer ee
MELIssopEs densa, — —..........1, 210
— honesta, — — ........%..5 i, 189, 209
— menuachus, — —....... <i) Stu 8 aah
— prwinosd, — —.........00- ere et)
— speciosa, — —....... shop > Head eZ0g
Merirma arachne,— —,.... 1, 184
— nubigena, — —.:.4.e ee "184, 196

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
Meuirmxa palla, Occurrence of ....i, 184
NEBLOE G12) Ss <- le ss oe tse See i, 181
MELONGENA corona, ——...... v, 46, 51
Metospiza fasciata, —— ........ v, 145
aI ADY OLEAN AO ft ee eRe y, 145
ee UNCON a Bao Soha brs. <i 0) Shere s v, 145
Me.rose, CHariEs, Acknowledg-
MME TR LetOmeree nclere eis ea oie cane Mea)
—, Resolution of thanks to....... ee
Metvi.te, J. H., Election of...... ry alles
Memeemrs, Lists of ........ i, 244; iii, 62
MempBersuip, Summary of...... lv, 235
Menboza, GuMESINDO, Election of.ii, 232
MENISPERMUM canadense, Occurrence
Olena sronis als wee eateks se rayeo dy, Loe
Menke, Karu THeopor, cited on
Auricula pellucens........-... li, 251
Mernocrepipius quritus, Occurrence
ah ees ro aie a i, 171
MENTEUS exacutus, — —.......... i, 166
MENTHA canadensis, — —......... i, 160
Mercenarta fulgurans, — —.....1i, 246
— MEePCENATIA, — =... sense li, 246
== IRORON , = —> 2 Sake ase Savoie ole Sie ii, 246
— — — —-inshell mounds...... li, 228
MERGANSER americanus, Occurrence
Gif oe See Re RS OA eet On tae v, 116
SS ARO OS maa ees Se v, 116
MerrGus merganser, ——......... Mee eae
Merinus levis, — —.. ........... 1, 172
Merriam, C. Harr, Record of com-
munication from............ v, 259
MerriLu, J. E., Election of..... ave, 227
Merrie, J. G., Record of invoca-
BMOHWR BY Veer sos ct chat Sure Mala salgin os? thie fie:
Merriman, Mrs Dwicur, Election
Oat ger fate icin svalorsy whe lo silevete fo li, 205
—, Valuable donation by ....... iv, 20
Merrman, NELLIE W., Election
Gils be DE OEE ne One Beene ili, 133
MERTENSIA paniculata, Occurrence
Oy ape ees Penn ee apap Se che pe Ta ae
= SUDUIUCD sy — oc cc oe bans i, 149
= virginica, ae ae eee mes Psat ns. SA eG
——, Vernal appearance Ota eae i, 135
Mervia migratoria, Occurrence of.v, 160
Mes*** albolabris, Planting of, on
Racevislange? ost f5 2067 V, 228
Mesocnorus agilus, Occurrence of,
ite 188, 207
Mesoruemtis collocata, — —..... pate, AO)

MersrospreGMa kiowa, "Notes on. Perel 00)
METABLETUS americanus, Occurrence

Olin da/ae ean Vee anon ae Tels e202
Merrroric sHowER, Record of..... i, 14
MEXICAN INSCRIPTIONS, cited..... TOL ye fhe
— PICTURE-WRITING.............. vile, aLAl(0)
Mauxreo Botanyof:...../2).). ov -lv, 30

331
a aEe
Mexico, Donations from...... ili, 23, 39
— , Note on introduction of potato
THOUKO Hee seacoast oem ESE ae li, 95
—, Occurrence of Ceanothus in....v, 168
—, Primitive weaving in........ reat IB
—, Relations of races of......... iv, 288
—, Solpugidee from .1i, 32, 270; ili, 252, 267
Mica mounds! srs. - << rp dlsrP ag ote)
Micraux, FRANcoIs ANDRE-, Galles
tions ‘py STS ee Ae CCEA RE Fe iv, 74
Micnerix, Harpourn, cited on Pyr-
GUlODSt Sis vr excn nr) eae ets) oe Vv, 10
Micuriean, Blastoids from....... iv, 91
—, Crinoids —........ iv, 76, 95, 98, 103
Donation. specs Wy 8 he Tie Al
= RE OSSIUS| =) ere yeh etn ore ven uly
Primitive pottery, of. 35-1. 2-- 1V,) £87
ieee obliterata, Occurrence
OER Send Sh ghd Pee ee li, 192
Micropvs fulvescens, ——........1, 207
MicropatamMa limantopus, — —..v, 122
Micropuorus angustus, ——...... i, 180
MicropHysa vortex, — —......... v, 65
Microprerus dolomieu, ——....v, 73, 78
Microsryuts ophioglossoides, — —.iii, 170
Mipp.eron, Mary, Election of ...i, 80
Mippieron, W. D.: Biographical
sketch of Dr Robert James
Harguiharsoneens =n rstt oes iv, 201
—— HlEGEOM, Olav he pire fanaa i, 58
—, Record of papers by....... iv, v, 202
Mian, Mounds near ......... Sorell
Mites, Josaua J., Election of.....i, 7
MILLAR, Susan B. R., Appointment
of, on standing committee...... il, 6
; Blechionofis, 0s. c gee ea, AG
—, Enrollment of, as life member.ii, 146
= Memorial resolutions on..... iv, 209
, Valuable donations by.i, 225; iii, 61
Soi ork of, with Centennial Asso-
GIATIONE A WN io eNO Ines li, 66
Mriytar, Rotrr, Valuable donation
Dy ee ee rs enor et ote ig eho
Miniter, Epwrx, Acknow ledement
LON eet PAGO Pel AEM CHIE (eet Vice
Miter, Emory, Election of......1, 35
Miurer, F. H.,— —..... Bore cell, SA0y
Minter, Hueu, Reference to life
OLN Mes aise AS Se el Pe v, 240
wR cited on antiquities.iv, 277
, Election Te eae rcs ii, 202
— ’ Letter from, on pipes and tab-
LetSRas awe es 2 oc ger meee iv, 303
; On the growth of paleontology
Asi AISCIENICOE os ace pees 1, 206
—; —— synonomy of two species
OlpS pian eee eee li, 220
—, Record of letter from ........ v, 203

332 DAVENPORT ACADEMY

Page

Minune, 8. A., Valuable donations

DYivichcs ck. See ee oe Se ili, 16, 29
MILLIGAN, Mrs J. M., Election of. ii, 202
—, Valuable donation Dyeneee: iii, 59
Mitxre-Epw Arps, H., Reference to

work of, on Solpugidee. . iii, 290, 298
Mrisrep, Tuomas G., Acknowledg-

TMCIMG LOM ee fe ee oe ae ee li, 148
= MECHONU OL: ce tame Satan li, 146
—, Reference to work of ........ li, 257
Mriuutus ringens, Occurrence of...1, 160
Mimus polyglottos, ——.......... v, 156
Mixcutn, Humpurey, cited on Jn-

Gam Customs: = 51. eee ee ibis 23
Mine (An ancient) in Arkansas ;

Witiiam A. CHAPMAN. . YY, 29
Miner, A. W., Election of ...... lv, 227

—, Donation of True collection

LEV Boks Bevin Semnoaeh ae Ones wee ive 213
Mite JENNIE Troe, Bequest of col

lection bye faceted S208 iv, 213

Memorial resolutionon...... iv, 212
—, Record of donations by. .iv, 216, 218
—, Valuable donation by....... ili, 102
Miner, Noyrs B., Election of. .. .iii, 107
MINNesor A, Botany OPS: & she oe iv, 29, 79
—, Donations from........ ii, 62; 1,36
Mrtracer, Record of communication

ON Ta Se Sot pr Ea vee eae eee cites he iii, 94
Misstssrpp1, Ancient pottery from,

lv; 125, 192
—— Donations ==) 2; W.. 0s ons iii, 36
—, Human pelvis— ........... iv, 176

MISSISSIPPI VALLEY, Ancient pottery
OLSUMER nee tote ieee ae tae lv, 123

Missourr, Ancient pottery from. .ii, 147;
iv, 125
—, Botany ofa. 22.2.1. ete ep veto)
—, Collection of fishes fr om. Pee a et vel FD
—, Donations —....... rots (2p Tul, PAL BIG)
—, Mastodon remains —........ iv, 276
Mrrenery, L. E., Acknowledgment
LOL arene aice elo is eke weciaer: emgage V5 wo
MircHeii county, Formations of. v, 105
Mirena diphylla, ‘Occurrence of . 5 tilts
UA sae. Sis Ad Sip Ane ele # 146
Mirra albocincta, —— .......... Vio
— apicina, —— .............06- i, hs:
—- bar DGCONSIS: = —— Vase Saas eee Vi elo
— varned, — — 2... ese eee eee ii) 288
— floridana, SP ok Soto'el Priokoierctc Vv, o2
— granulosa, —— .......... ali eiptes
"UML, mn he Sac ietels li, 238
— hanleyt, — —... 002.2 ee eee Vero
= POSING, viaicle chic seb omee en li, 238
== SULCALOS = = Py etn oy vie ldots Vee
Mrrruvarta equestris, — —....... Werioid
MnotiLta varia, — — ......-....V, 151

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.
Page
MoptoLa papyria, Occurrence of. .v, 69%
—= plicatula, — ==", tae eee ee 244 ©
— semicostata, ——........... .v, 69*
— sulcata, ——.......... ii; DA4 a 69*
— tulipa, ——...... ii, 244, 250; v, 69*
MoproLarta cinnamomea, — —...v, 69*
— lateralis, ——.......... Pes cf: rie 69*
= HQned; = =... eee v, 69*
Mopu.vs corrugatus, — — .......1i, 249
— floridanus, ——...... li, 240; v, 59
— lenticularis, ——...... ache “Vv, 09
— modulus, ——....: LoVe 709
Monamep Bey cited on Sothic
period,, .... . 5 Js-.aaemeeee one es
Mosave Inprans, Work Of lle

Mo.uina, GIOVANNI IGNAZIO, cited on

turquoise sh ste 2 ae Soe
Mourne, Artesian well at........ iii, 181
—, Indian graves near....... 2) ..sil, 201
—, Kitchen-middens at.......... ii; 156
Mounds near.......- ii, 288 ; ili, 135
Moutrr, Curistran, Letter from..ii, 81
Mouuusca (Contributions to the) of
Florida; Cuarues T.Srmpson.y, 45
— (On certain recent, quaternary
and new fresh-water); R. wee
WORTH CALL... 0. 2 cu ee 1
Moutvsk, Planting of land, on Hoek
island. ~.¢ sae » sh ansfe Sg
Moutusks (Ona collection of ) from
Utah ‘and Colorado; Ernest
INGERSOLIAS ee eee Peter ol dkai0)
—=, New. 5.02 eee LENGE Oo
Mo.orarus ater, Occurrence of... .v, 136
Monarpba fistulosa, — —..........1, 160
— Punctata, — =. abe Joe a
MonarpDELLA odoratissima, — —...i, 149
Moneputa ventralis, — —..... i, 194, 208
Monoceros cingulata, — —....-..11, 236
Mononammus clamator, — —.....1, 180
— scutellatus, -— —........... i, 190, 200
Monoxta debilis, ‘Aiea i, 181, 204
— guttulata, ——............ i, 181, 190
Monrana, Explorations i in. Se oS
MonrezuMa’s WELL, Account of. iii, 110
Monriceixo, Coleoptera from..... 1; ‘173
Monvumerna borealis, Occurrence of.i, 203
Moopy, J. D., Valuable donation
bye cite: ce stie 6 DeLee
Moorn, CHARLEs, Collection by...V : 58
Moorr, W. B., Election of....... i if
Moore, W. W., Acknowledgment
CO' Ui fei. els Sie God EOL
Moossz, Occurrence of.....-./.5.ily, 86
Morpetua scutellaris, — —....i, 181, 200
MorpDE.LLIstena «mula, — —...... i, 172,
181, 204
— augusta, — —......ee.5 eevee edy wen

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Mownpb (Examination of a large) in

Jackson county, lowa; J -Gass.ii,

— exploration near Joslyn, Rock
Island county, Illinois; Cele
PRESTON: EH maser ary. s1Vs

— (— of a) near Moline, Illinois;
J. Gass and R. J. FarquHar-
SON Mj a tors ters tear ys hs oA ge il

Page
MorbeE.uisrena divisa, Occurrence
CON yo BP eet gen RRS Co RC a Se i, 181
— pustulata, ——........... bls PADI
More, Crartes, Collection by. _.Y, 53
Moret HEAD, J., Reference to work
ON shore 5 aeRO CER ORR eee Cee ron PaCS,
Moraan, Danter, mentioned in Put-
Nam genealooy.:.%......... ii, 199
MorGan, J. B., Election of.....- iv, 227
Moraan, Lewis H., cited on Indian
antiquities A Oe AO Se ro eee iit MILALY
— — — — culture........... ..1v, 289
— — — inscribed tablets........ iv, 343
——MeChlOnNOl..f sf) s.s Soelsols ii, 128
— quoted on relations of mound-
omuildlersantoe san den A222 el lv, 257
—, Reference to work of........ ky, 345
a EOUGENbOn ta a lacegs Gea oe ste iv, 957
Mortor, A., cited on bronze age. . .i, 123
Mormon tablets, Letter concerning
(HINO c otehoic cacti Eee Sit I7/
Fee WRU LINOMS) [ct <) 22a OS eee ease’ ii, 169
Morona, ——, cited on Potamoge-
(SOT chee, SOI ea ER TN, 9 Us
Morpuonoey of Pulvinaria innumera-
DUIS HRN anit ote te clon ee: inl, el,
—e——DIASTOLASs \atacsic ee Sein woes iv, 76
Morris, J. G., Election of ....... 28
Morris, Roger, Testimonial to R.
aie Farquharson bye hUseinaen iv, 202
Morrison, Henry K., Collections
Nise tetas Gee es li, 270; ae 252
Morsz, Epwarp S. , Election of... 146
—, Valuable donation DYre eras: ‘i 16
Morsg, L. H., Photograph by... .11, 232
Morton, ALLIBONE, Election of...i, 73
Morron, SAMUEL cs , cited on Teron
cin oe ee a eee iv, 289
— — — — skulls ............... li, 1389
— — — origin of Indians....... iv, 297
— sponsor for Squier and Davis. .iv, 289
Morus rubra, Occurrence of ...... hy ANGE
Mosrer, G. "HL; Acknowledgements
OFs teers aie eats cia Rterels aiereve v,o7, 44
Mosier, C. L., Resolution of thanks
COPE ee Mt 2 cee crit es iets
Mossman, A. L., Election of ..... Wig 2a
Moutrton, M. M., Acknowledgment
LRONe Bis picket nee ni CE Set ae a ee 5 coll
—, Valuable donations by... .-11, 16, 29

155

198

288

Mounp exploration (Report of ) near
Pine creek, Muscatine county,
Iowa ; @ FE. Harrison...... iv, 197

a aa Utah edt eae Cala silty

— explorations at Tooles sboro, Lou.
isa county, Iowa; E. P. Lyn NCH,
HAG: Futon, Cah: Harrison

and ©. H. PRESTON.......... Vi; jor
— — in Jackson county, Iowa; G

ALIN DERBY? Ae eon ii, 32, 218
—— — 1875; A.S. Tirrany ..... ve Ite!

— — — 1879; C. T. Linpiey .....i, 111
= —'— 188! J. Gass. 2.005000: iii, 186
— — —- northwestern Iowa; FREp-
HRICKASUARR Yeates eee v, 110
— = Record Ole As cacn selene eee lv, 228
—— (Report on a) in Jackson county ;
Vi GcASS A cieae ie ee esate li, 173
— NuMBER 10, Cook’s Farm Srey
(Report of exploration of); J
GRASS sad Sas eas eae ii, 141

— 11, Cook’s Farm group (Ex-
ploration of), and discovery of
an inscribed tablet of limestone ;

CoH MEVARRISON © Sake 1s 2211
— (On the exploration of the) on
the farm of Colonel William
Allen; Wi Hi Brare (22523. li, 148
== TONGS 5.15) fo, LO, 1h, Lobe ue sl, 1038
—, Description of a remark able. iv, 210
Movunp-surLpers, Exhibition of cloth
made by, scdicoe tetas eee ise 236.
= METIStOI ye Oils) wae re Meera erie ol lan!
==, ONION Ole 25 Nh je Rul tay eee anteies li, 4
——_ ARE) AIONS Olea ts nore eee lv, 255
Movnps (On the East Davenport) ;
ASD! CHURCHIELE se or =aae ae il, ae
— (Altar), Record of lecture on. .iv, 228
_—, ‘Antiquities froma sii, 88, 90
—, Artificial, in Illinois....... sii, 70

— (Report of explorations of the
ancient) at Albany, Whiteside
county, Illinois; W. H. Prart.i, 99

— (A review of the published state-
ments regarding the) at Payson,
Utah, with an account of their
structure and origin; Epwarp
PALMER i, 167

— (Report of explorations of the
ancient) at Toolesboro, Louisa

county, lowa; W. H. Prarr. .i, 106
BOWES TOMS ete ete ae , 114
—, Collections from..... lil, 74; iv, 233
—, Discussion of....... i, 49, 51; iii, 113
—, Exploration of . .i, 53, 111; ii, vi, 92,
147, 154, 291, 354; iii, 88,

132, 1 30, 147, 173; V, 43

=i LIN OUS it: «3 Bee Sone aint, 147

334
Page

Mownps in Louisa county....... iii, 140
= = ee eee athe gee ote 67
—near Wheatland... ......... ili, 13
Mownps (SHELL-) of F lomidass. | sal. -22p
MountTaIN MAHOGANY, Occurrence

Ole es, ere ee i, 147
— SHEEP, — —..... .1, 70, 144; ili, 86

er,
; ¥;, (4,.80
MveE ter, Curist, Election of... .1i, 202
Mve ter, M. A. L., Valuable dona-

Moxostoma macrolepidotum,

TOT ING SoA etn ine ale unease vey
Mutrorp, A. M., Acknowledgment

BOL, Pieitact © otcele tise Pekae Wiel
MULGEDIUM acuminatum, Doubtful

OGCCUITENCETOL . clas eee chk lv, 66
— pulchellum, ——....... eoeee iii, 170
Miter, Jonann, Reference to work

of, on Solpugidee sk. SS Re ili, 287
Mit.ier, Pamir L. 8., — — — —

SS es AO ees eee ili, 280
Moummucra, Description of genus. ili, 252
— variegata, Occurrence of ...... iii, 269
Murex adustus, — —...........- Wane)
— brevifrons, — — ........ li, 249 ; v, 49
—— COMMUN OSE, ——\—s)-) a0 sidin'e wale Sve 0)
— chrysostomus, ——............V, 49
— intermedius, ——........2..4% v, 49
a MESSOT TUS a oka > opel s li, 249:
= LULCEUS NN vaya t eset a Sel Wee
— pomum,— —.......... ui, 254; v, 49
—— TECUMUUN OSETIS, —=)—— 5. nas fice aie v, 49
— salleanus, — —...........-- v, 49, 71*
— spincostata, — —........-2-++-- li, 234
Muoricipea floridana, — —....... v, 930
— hemphillh; — — 22.0. ie ees v, 00
Murrny, J. H., Enrollment of, as

life members... leva ccs iv, 249
Murray, Anprew, Reference to

work of, on Solpugidse Sates casts bee 303
Murray, THOMAS. Election of....iv, 227
—, Resolution of thanks to....... i, 28
Mus musculus, Habits of......... ii, 190
Musca, Indian name for.......... i, 192
Muscatine, Mounds near....... iii, 191
Muscatinrk ACADEMY OF SCIENCE,

Memorial proceedings of the. ili, 248
Muscatine county, Lepidoptera of, 191
—, Mound exploration i se ee Av, 197
la yh gS eis ee Sete s SNA Pace ae me le
— —, Remarkable — —......... iv, 210

Muvsevm, Condition of the . .i, 84; ii, 75,
121, 214: aii, 7-;tiv, 218 ; -v,-280,.266
—, Contributions to the...1, 212; 11, 50;
ili, 43; iv, 13

Moria californica, Occurrence of,
i, 188, 194, 207

— camanche, — — i, 207

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Morttia coccineohirta, Occurrence
Of) cet oe ee i, 188, 194, 207
— creusd, — —.. 2.626200. ee
SS eae ——....... Mey ers ie i, 207
— gibbosa, — —........... , aU T,
— monticola, — —............. resis AV pe
— scxvola, = =! .,... pee Pe |g
— simillima,— —.......... sh, cele OF
Mya arenaria, ——..... » 5 bya eee
Mycropuysa ingersolli, — —......11, 130
Myers, Lizzrr, Election of....... lii, 129
Myers, R. D., Appointment of, on
standing committee... ..iii, 107, 161
“= , Election « ey MN Pegs: pes
— — —, as trustee...... Betis ili, 105
—, Resignation of, — —-........iv, 209
—, Valuable donation by .......iii, 16
Mycate avicularia, Occurrence of. ii, 190
— hentzii, — —....... ences aint. q, 190
Myrarcnus erin itus, — —........V, 134
Mywanprts discoideus, — —........ i, 181
— fraterculus, ——........ ..1, 181, 204
— pisi, — — .........5-. a a O4:
Myosoris verna, — —............ li, 259
MyrmiLeon, Indian name for..... 1192
— diversus, Occurrence of... ..i, 191, 204
— impressus, ——..........0-0-. 1, 4190
Myst 15-punctata, Habits of. i, 38
— punctata, Occurrence of .......1i, 245
MyrHonocy, Indiana iv, 116
Myritus cubitus, Occurrence of...v, 68*
— domingensis, ——..... oa» Sere, aioe
-- 8, — =: 22 20ers li, 244
— exustus, ——....... fe eu 244; v, 68*
— hamatus, ——...... li, 244; v, 69%
— lavalleanus, — —.............. Vv, 69%
Nawpatus albus, Occurrence of..... i, 159
NADAILLAG, Marquis DE, cited on
antiquities +s w0 + leie\e.w lag sco needa
—, Dlection-ot, a ereee » oh acum epee
— ’ Letter from, on pipes and tab-
lets3.¢ Vac os 5 See bs Hee iy, 301
—, Quotation from... 25 72.ceee iv, 256
— quoted on elephant pipes ....iv, 292
— — — the antiquity of man ...iv, 278
—, Record of letter from .....:.. v, 203
—, Reference to work of........iv, 314
—, Vindication of elephant pipes
DY: boeu 7d oro Oe Prion | 237
Napata gibbosa, Occurrence of....i, 177
NADLER, Frank, Election of ....- y, 275
NAGEL, pila o Appointment of, on
standing committee... ...iv, 12, 207

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
INAGRD ee mENectiOnkOln. sect... i, 64
—, Record of collection by....... rp AY)
— — — report by....... hg Waa mAs,
—, Reference to work of ........ THe TPA
— , Valuable donabiony Dye. +. .5- 1, 215
—and J. . Havpr; List of phe-
cont (aL 25 FG een ee i, 153
Nasowr VALLEY, Aboriginal paint-

TWA YERS IIT gy oe biti Geoite eeeea iv, 108
NASSA “acuta, Occurrence of ...... li, 236
C0 oh SC eee eae li, 236
— ambigua, ——...........05.2.V, dl
RULE —— Oar sta a cre lag See Se li, 236
-— obsoleta, — — .......... Hi, 286; v, 51
— trivittata, — — ..... 20.0... ii, 236
— vibex, ——......... ii, 236; v, 46, 51
NASTURTIUM armoracia, — —..... i, 154
——WOGUSINE, = oc bec kgs ct de wie li, 259
— obtusum, — — ... eee eee eee ee i, 154
— officinale, — —............44. ili, 169
— sessiliflorum, —— .........5.. li, 259
— sinuatum, —— ............. ..1, 154
NAvTCHEZ, Human bones from . eediven 250
NATHALIs tole, Occurrence of ..... i, 174
Natica canrena, — — ..ii, 238; v, 46, 56
— duplicata, — —...11, 238; v, "46, 47, 56
— — — — in shell a anae Bate ‘ii, 229
— fordiana, Founding of species..v, 72*
— jamaicensis, Occurrence of..... li, 252
— mamillaris,——...... See Vv, 06
— marochiensis —— ............ v, 56
— pusilla, ——........... li, 249; v, 56
— Sagraana, — — 2... eee eee eee Vales
— uberiana, ——....... eA ae v, 96
Naticopsts gigantea, — —....V, 102, 108
Natura History, Workin...... Me
“ NaTuRE,” Quotation from......iv, 341
NavATOS, Weaving Dy)... <- s+. (eel GP.
Nesraska, Obsidian implements

SIT A ee a ca es oe ill, 86
See AMOR Os o.c.-o:<)5. 588 oe ath a 69
Nepria hudsonica, Occurrence of. . , 191
— mannerheimii, — —............ i, 199
NrEcROPHORUS hecate, Occurrence of.i, 179
— melsheimeri, — —.............. 1,179
NEELY, —., Resolution of thanks

MOE ae RR ek 1 28
Neaunpo aceroides, Occurrence of .i, 156
— —, Vernal appearance of...... ie 3
NELATON, AuGUSTE, cited on anat-

OU py Sete oe bes Rees ..1, 142
— — — gunshot wounds......... 1 {Gil

NEMEOPHILA petrosa, Occurrence of.i, 186
— plantaginis, Description of spe-

CLEC eae Sat as eee aad ee % MW, 272
NeEMOGNATHA apicalis, Occurrence

Oui Ge Fee chen har S36 2.5 2 wae 1, 200, 204
hichlar = he kok Je Sep i, 204

$35
Page
Nemoenatua lurida, Occurrence of.i, 181
NEOocLYTUS erythrocephalus, Sel Ree
NEPETA cataria, —— ............ re AGH
== GlEChOMO; > es Fle ete teen a5 i, 161
Nerice bidenta, ——..... Te Ld fes ete OD,
Nerira peioronta, — —.....11, 240; v, 62
— tessellata, —.—.........-- ii, 240; v, 62
— versicolor, ——......... ii, 240; v, 62
NERITINA pupa, ——.......:..4.. v, 62
— reclivata, ——..........:...V, 48, 62
—"UITGINEA, — — 0. eee cee ce ees Vv, 62
== VITUS, S De ee eee ee Vv, .62
Neyapa, Discussion of fossil foot-
]OLABONASIINONS eA O cue ora Me iv, 213
—, New mollusks from. ........ Wo epale:
— > PlamtsiOl saree terre ee one lv, 54
—, Solpugidz from......... iii, 251, 267
Nevin, J. C., Collection by...... iv, 959
New Hampsatre, Donations from .ii, 62
New JrersEy, ——........ ii, aes ill, 36
New Mexico, Antiquities of. .... il, 108
—, Occurrence of Ceanothus in. oe 168
— ; Plants OFS J ea ae Se “iv, 69
Solpugidssdromes- ot ae ace lii, 253
Ni BW OrLEANs, Ancient human skel-
etom frome” 2s ES De eee ete iv, 276
New York, Donations from...... 11,02
iii, 21, 37
New ZEALAND, — —.......2.2.- lil, ~ 43
NewsBerry, JoHN SrronG, Election
Of yo SR nan arr eee eee 156
— quoted on man and mastodon.iv, 298
—, Reference to work of......... li, 206
Newsury, ——, Acknowledgment
LO 21S. 8 srs isl ea opscage aie Sete i, 28

Newcomp, Danie T. , Memorial of.ii, 144
Newcome,Patrrence V ree, Acknowl-

edements t@.5 72s )s 552 ee ii, 199, 211
—, Address of thanks to......... li, 99
==, Deed from: <<< oss 55 Ae ii, 90, 148
— [Mrs D. L.], Election of ....... 1, +80
—, Enrollment of, as life member.ii, 91
—, Generous loan Dy setate bates iii, 10
— ’ Record of purchase from... ... v, 202
—, ; Resolutions of thanks to. . .1i, 91, 144
==) Tribtites to:c 222s ee ili, 158, 237
—, Valuable donations by . ii, ili, 59, 61, 87
=, Vote of thanks *to’4/32.5. 23: V; 233
Newcoms, Sron, quoted on scien-

tific methods, Maes. Hye il, 176
—, Reference to work of........ ili, 162
Newcoms, Westey, Election of. ..ii, 128
—, Valuable donation by..... Lie LOZ
Newton, Sir Isaac, Reference to

Workiof et hee aa SENS eeoo

NICHOLSON, H. “ALLEY NE, Reference
to work of, on Solpugidee. iii, en 303
NIPHER, FRANCIS E., Election of.. walGs

336 DAVENPORT ACADEMY

Page

Nipper, Francis E., Record of re-
IRR Os We the spite a vies ii, 147
Niso eglees, Occurrence of........ v, 958
NISONIADES ennius, — —.......... i, 186
— juvenalis, — -— 2... ee ee ee eee eel)
et ik dl emit Re ES IP 9 ae Pe apely oe
— tsi, eee = ig 186
NISSEN, THEODORE, Election of. . Bian 7.
—, Record of discussion by ...... “ii, 148
—, Vote of thanks to............ le el
Nrripewea filosa, Occurrence of... .1i, 237
Niriputa bipustulata, ——........ ee Wa)
— uniguttatu, ——........ cee eee 1; 179
BUOZOG ge It vase ote heat ats re yas i, 190

Hovunk, E., Reference to work of,
on Solpugidee Seay ci bithes Sei nero iii, 284
Nomapa grandis, Occurrence of ...1, 209
aa CORE ma a noe Wh teh 1, 209
— MACULALA, —'—. oe cc bee i, 209
— putnami, Founding of species. .1, 210
— —, Naming ——............. i, 193
— —, Occurrence of........ 1209s 7
Nora Sprineas, Formations ar LY, 105

NorpDEnskJOLp, N. A. E. pr, cited
on primitive ANTS eee eee ee iv, 121

Nore.ius A., Acknowledgment to .v, 81

Norris, P. W., Letter to, on authen-
HHENDEROL TOLCR../..i.25 oe Seen: v, 219

Norru America, Heteroceres of. .ii, 270

Norron, Epwarp, Election of... .ii, 146
Norway, Donations from....... He 24
Nosoprs sulphides, Occurrence of . .i, 179
Norms: 3:0). Porn dw bos i, 265
Nornopus zabroides, Occurrence of.i, 178
Norropes limatulus, ——......... i, 182
Noroxus anchora, ——...... Helios ei
—MONnOdON, =. 2. ta cece ne ply lez
= SOT QUE; —— ee eee o's 1, 1S elor
— subtilis, ——........ .... 1, 190, 204
Norropts deliciosus, — —......... ign etsy
— — missouriensis, ——......... v, 80
== Jalacvurus, ——= Lasse. teseees- Wipe efde
— megalops, —— ...........005- Ware, ko
— micropteryx, ——...... .....- Wig (Ao
= PUOLOLUS, —— se ale h wee oes v, (@6
— ser abriceps, Pr es aaah te ee v, 76
— umbratilis, — — ........2..0.. v, (6
— zonatus, ——.. 1... e ee eee ee at 76
Nort, J. C., cited on antiquities. .iv, 277
— — — origin of Indians’....... We 297

Nortuwus evxilis, Occurrence of....v. 79
Nourse, Mrs. W. A., Election of.iii, 13

Nucuta eborea, Occurrence of ....v, 68*
— PVrOXIMA, — —. wee eee ee li, 244
Numentvs longirostris, ——...... v, 128
NupHar advena, ——...... 1, 154; 1, 22
Nvurratt, Tom As, cited on Arcto-
staphylos Be, apne ayes SNC elton

OF NATURAL

SCIENCES,

Page

Nurraiy, THomas, cited on Crano-
THUS site Siete eee Vv;

—, Reference to work of... v, 185
Nycrana acadica, Occurrence of..v, 129

Nycrpa nyctea, ——............- v, 130
Nycricorax, nyclicorax nevius, — —.v, 120
NYcrosBaTes pennsylvanica, — —...1, 172
NympHma odorata, — —.......... i, 154
Nysson aurinolatus, — —......... 1, 207

Ope tiscus candidus, Occurrence of.v, 58

— crenulatus; =". ie sees v, 58

Onrruary NoticE of Dr George En-
gelmann of Saint Louis; C. C.

Pappy :::.4 cee siee SUNG eae,
OpsrpIANn, Occurrence of.......-. W 153
— implements :.:i; 22572 ili, 86
OBSIDIAN CANYON, Naming of....ili, 87
Ocnre from mounds Agee one i 120, 135
Ocus, Francts, Election of.... 205
Ocropus rugosus, Occurrence of. ii, "933

Na 49
— vulgaris, = —........5. ii, 233; v, 49
Oposromta alba, Founding of spe-

CIES... oP A ee li, 239
— granotina, Occurrence of....... v, 08
— inupressa, — -—... li, 239; v, 58
ODYNERUS albophaleratus, - — —....1, 208
— onmilatis. — ee i, 194, 208
— campestr is; — —..... east Ae i, 208

016.552 iy io 208

CEpIonycuis 6- maculata, —-—:....1, 172
— thoracita, — —. ). eee eee 1 72
(ipiropa, Indian name for.. aah a?
~- utahensis, Notes om3(f See wee i, 258
CENOTHERA ‘biennis, Occurrence of..i, 157
OxrstiunD, O. W., Election of. . viv, 241
, Title of paper Dy. sso eee iv, 231

Ounrte prs, Election of. .i, i, 40, 55, 66, 85;
ies 77, 218 ; iii, 13, 105, ‘161; iv, li,
221, 240 ; Vv; 195, 216, 245, 279
—, Reports of.i, 55, 66, 83 ; ii, 1, 47, 211;
iii, 6, 95, 148;. iv, 1, 5, 214, 231; v,
196, 209, 264
Oapen, JoHN, mentioned in ie

venealogy dive oo nt ee 199
Onto (A recent find of skulls and

skeletons in); S.D. Prrr..... 188
—, Bark lice from)... ee ee li, 297
—, Donations from..... ii, 63; iil, 22 , or
—, Occurrence of mastodon i in.. ‘iv, 309
—, Prehistorie cloth from........ i, 128
—, Primitive art‘ins yee iv, 115
— — pottery of........ Reereeat iv, 187
OHLSHAUSEN, J. J., Election of... .i1, 205

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-—V.

Page
Osrpwas, Weaving by.......... salts lait
Oxen, Lorenz, Reference to work
of, on Solpugide....-....:. iii, 292
Oxps, H. D., Acknowledgment to.v, 81
Ortva literata, Occurrence of... . .1i, O87 ;
v, 46, 52
= APILULUGE spree Talo tavrastel ni Abs sts ae ae Ibs ZB
— reticularis, — —...........2.6. V;" 02
OLIVELLA biplicata, Use of, in primi-
tnyercuRrenGy .a-.25-/ «- Sees oills ovis.
— floralia, Occurrence of... .. taaVeemne
SONGS a a i, PAY
— jaspidea, ——............ Desa. 302
— mutica, ——.......... ee v, 52
— nivea, — —...... Me Heys tN Ges 2 Views 2
MUON ete Peale cisicis avec are se li oe
—— DEMUCIAM sie cae Beales Ses li, 237
== Z0NGIisy— 2 ee Menor
Ottver, E. A., Election of ...... ii, 81
OLIVER, ID aes etek ets i, 81
OLIVIER, Cline ANTOINE, Ref-
erence to work of, on Solpugi-
Dies SA Ree Ares Sider ure AG ill, 282, 284
OLMSTrAD, 1 G., Election of..... li, 184
—, Valuable donation by....... mi, Ale
Ouney, S. T., cited om Carex.....iv, 70
a ieewOM Of.5 50.15. 2400s eae al li, 128
OLor buccinator, Occurrence of ...v, 119
— columbianus, — — ............ v5 Lug
OmosITAa inversa, ——...........- hy Legit)
OMALIUM, sp.,. — —......... ori, NYAS,
OMMATOLAMPIS viridis, Tr ansfer of
genus and species........... li, 125
ONISCIA oniscus, Occurrence of. . .ii, 237 ;
,o4+
ONOCLEA sensibilis, — —......... iv, 68
— struthiopteris, ——........... iv, 68
Onosmopium molle, ——.......... i, 161
ONTARIO, Donations from.. ..... lis.
ONTHOPHAGUS latebrosus, Occurrence
Gil SARL SORE SEN eet ee te dlyial
ONYCHOTEUTHIS OR ag — — . +11, .233

OpHIon bilineatus, — —.. le 188, 207

= / OURO eR are ee etree 20
OpHRYASTES decipiens, — —....... i, 182
MOOS US, Ro Ree i, 182
= ENS ee ek i, 192
OpomaLa neo-mecicana: ?, Notes on.i, 250
OpPERt, , cited on Grave creek
SLON OWPya ty eases ve ot ee li, 106
Opuntia fragilis, Description of spe-
Cia cl Sy eC oe a eee ive Od
=a OCCURTENCE Ole as. 2a iv, 66
OrALS, Morphologic definition of.iv, 77

ORCHESTRIS albionica, Occurrence of.1i, 200

mre IAS T= te 1, 181, 204
— str iolata, eet Rivonia ret i, 172 Parbeiy)
— zimmermani, ——....... Boe poe VAN!)

[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.]

ood
Page
Orcurr, C. R., Acknowledgments
OWS tee Aico Gom was iv, 30, 40
—, Collections by...... iv, 37, 39; a 27
5: Dedication of species to. iv, 55; v, 194
ESE of plant by...... ia 58
Valuable donation by ... .. pee 228
Orcurr, Mrs C. R., Election of. ; 212
OREGON, E xpedition COs. Ah. Sesto re ra 211
_ Flora of Meee eee NaN. eee v, 185
Onerta, P., cited on composition of
femereep ere es Cpe I 115
Orata leucostigma, Occurrence of. .i, 177
ORIENTATION, Vegetal........... oe 212
ORO-ANAL SIDE, Morphologic defini-
LLOMEO LE Oe Petras uke Thi fs
OropHocrinus stelliformis, Notes on
SinGebnre; Ofna altos sce iv, 80
OrnitHoLocy of lowa........... Nig alls?
OrpuHiwus glabratus, Occurrence of.i, 199
Orr, Exuis, Election of.......... iv, 229
ORSODACHNA childreni, Occurrence
(Os He SHG an Le oO ee een ie abou
OrrtHALicus wndatus, — —...... v, 48, 67
ORTHIs impressa, — — .-.....+..- v, 108
— VUNUEN, — —.. 2. eee eee eee li, 266
OrrHoceras, Exhibition of . poll SA:
~~ annulatus, Occurrence of....... is30
— procerus, ——..... prec ae aE v, 107
— vastator, ——..... a, Shiva: dae eevcueys v, 107
Orruocorpus tolmei, — eee i, 147
ORTHOPTERA (A list of) collected by
J. Duncan Putnam of Daven-
port, lowa, during the summers
of 1872~3~45, chiefly i in Colo-
rado, Utah and Wyoming terri-
tories; Cyrus THOMAS........ 1, 249
Orritosem A cylindricus, Occurrence
OP Bye en toy enioetiee sesigelae
Orron, JAmMes, cited on antiquity. of
TORTI Sua ee eee ee ee iv, 279
Osporn, Herserr, Acknow ledgment
LOR RRS AE Wire eae itae se earns ili, vii
—, Election of......... Seirecey: Se etliie, Le
—, Reference to work of........ ili, 247
—, Prefatory note by........... ili, 249
—, Remarks by, on Thrips ...... iv, 211
—, Report by, on Putnam entomo-
logicalicollectione ssa. -4- v, 224
OSCILLA nived, Occurrence of...... v, 908
Osmia megacaphala, — —......... i, 209
OsMODERMA erenvicola, — —......- Ty llzAl
OsMoRRHIZA brevistyla, — —-..1, 150, 158
— longistylis, — —..........2 0008 i, 158
OsMUNDA claytoniana, — —...... iv, 68
OsNARD, , Reference to work
OL eee onion. See stl Olé
OstEN-SACKEN, Baron C. R., Ac-
knowledgment tO.43Ee) oo eee

[July 13, 1893]

338 DAVENPORT

Page

Osten-SACKEN, Baron C. Elec-
TIOMVOMS va eee Reece elites: ty Are
—, Letter from....... eae tis S ingy ally
—, Memorial — —.............. 11,2211
—, Record of visit—. ........ me 26
—, Valuable donation by ....... igh Hly¢
Ostrea equestris, Occurrence of. .ii, 245;
Vy aks
— parasitica, — —.........0000.- Val fe
— See ae SS en a u, 243
— virginica, — .1i, 228, 248; v, 46, 71*
———-—,in shell mounds ..... i, 225
Orocoris alpe siris, Occurrence of..v, 135
Ovum acicularis, ——......... a4
‘— gibbosum, ——...... Thea te 2 Si "6, 54
— umplaictia, — =... 26 see cee v, o4

Owen, Davin Dats, cited on Spir-
CRG AR sors Ae PN ee b 221
, Reference to work of.ii, 279; iv, 243

Oa: F. E., Valuable donation i : iii, 29
Owen, RicHaArp, Reference to work

Ol On SOlpMsIdeeR epicen ee e i, 297
Owens vaAuury, Aboriginal paintings

VO Poe RRR ER eet ne cage eke iv, 110
Oxatis stricta, Occurrence Of A erlenlo6
= MOlaCeds, led a dion i, 156
Oxop.us corralinus, ——......... i, IR
OXYBAPHUS nyctagineus, ——..... i, 162
OxycoryPuHus occipitalis, Notes on.i, 251
OxyTEus sculpius, Occurrence of .i, 202
Oxyrneca, Description of genus. iii, 135
—: two new species from southern

California; C. ©. Parry ....iii, 174
— caryophylloides, Founding of spe-

CLES eth Sa ia ouatenM ayy Rod RRR ili, 175
— dendroidea, Occurrence of ....iii, 175
— IMEPMi8, — —. 2. eee cee eee iii, 175
— parishti, Founding of species. .iii, 176
— perfoliata, Occurrence of...... ili, 176
— MAVOUGN Ss aie ae lee clea iu, 175
Se WOLSOM See iii, 175
Ozark region, Fishes from the...v, 73
PACHYBRACHYS atomarius, Occur-

POUNCE COLs ce eae hee thee 1, 181, 204
SOL IUUS, ——v—— ay aoavale B'S Se ieie trates i, 201
= carbonarius, ——........- heal wisn
— IMNfaustus, ——.. 2. scccecences ih M33
PUES, ae an a Aes eae iy lyf)
— viduatus, Fate Oats eae i, 181
PacuypHyLLum wo oodmani, — VL OM
PACH YAN ERGLG — mara ce ere aie i, 191

PACKARD, ALPHEUS SPRINGER, cited
on bark lice li, 295, 300, 341

ACADEMY OF NATURAL

SCIENCES.

Page

PAacKARD, ALPHEUS SPRINGER, cited
on Galeodes........ so ae SAUD 3h5,
— —— Solpugidee es 270
—, Electionvof .22.2 002.2. epee , 128

—, Reference to work of, on Sol-
pugidee. Jui te AL COMO
PAEDERUS compotens, Occurrence of.i, 201
Parng, L. B., Election of... Age LG
PAINTINGS, Aboriginal Sciam ‘iy, 105, 131

PALEONTOLOGY (On the erowth of)
as a science; S. A. MILumrR ..ii, 306
— of Davenport. 15 oe ee ii, 566, 282

PaLuas, Perrr Simon, Reference to
work of, on Solpugidee. .. .iii, 280,
281, 283

PatmMerR, Epwarp; A review of the

published statements regarding

the mounds at Payson, Utah,

with an account of their struc-

ture and origin’ Weenie ji, 167

—, Acknowledgment to.. :\....22. 11) 121

— cited on primitive currency...ii, 42

—, Collections by...%,- lii, 252, 266, 267 ;

iv, 282

—, Election of..... Sp etc aan Wig ats

— —; Letter NGO) NE RENMEI oo 4S ribs. Hag
; Manufacture ‘of pottery by Mo-

jave Indian women......:... li, 32

—, Presentation of collection by.ii, 121

— "quoted on Solpugidses sx ae iii, 254

—, Record of papers by.....:.ii, 56, 207

_ Vi aluable donations oe besperits ii, 202 ;

ili, 17, 51

PampnHiLa hobomok, Occurrence of. 45 176

— leonardus, — —.......2. 0.2005. i, 176

— metacomet, ——..... Song eee i, 186

—‘peckius, = —=. ss ee i, 176

PANDION haliaetus carolinensis, — —v, 128
Panpora (Kennerlia) bushiana, De-

scription of species........ 5 a

— trilineata, Occurrence of. ii, 248 ; v, 71

PANICUM depauper atum, — — ii, 260
— filiforme, — —.....0...5- wee viv, 28
PANISCcUS perenne = i eee i, 207
PAPILIO ajax, — —..........00. ey a
—,asterius, — —...1, , 174) ii, 17, 142, 191
— cresphontes, ——....... i, 174; ii, 191
— eurymedon, ——..... Sas HSS
— glaucus, —— ........ oe cae ii, 191
— MNdra, = =... . eee i, 182
— philenor, — 1, 174%; 142, IUSAL
— rutulus, —— .........22., 182
-- troilus, — ae Aue 174: Ls 1% rb 191
— turnus, — —...1, 174 cae 142, 191, 195
— zolicaon, ——........ i, 182, 189, 195
PARACYCLAS sabini, — —.........V, 108
PARASTARTE triquetra, — —,......V, 66%

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
Part, AmpBrose, cited on gunshot
wounds BR Ty cheese anata ae i, 91
PartsH Broruers, Collection by.iv, 52, 58
ParisH, WILutaM. F., Dedication of

SPEClESilOs rine este fe ceiae iii, 176
Parker, C. F., Acknowledgment

ROMA eR SEE ae eto oe. eas ii, 276
Parker, GroreGe H., Election of .11, 4
_ , Valuable donation La yeensyaiaseeat iii, 29
PARKER, GrorGE W., — — — ...iii, 17
Parker, H. W., cited on mocking-

LOWE RGLie ors SUR te RS ee ee v, 156

CHI OME Ollila auekete bese actu yssie outs a) <b ieee

” Record of lecture De sty raseneke ete en 10
P. ARKER, J. Monror, Election of. .ii, 205

—,V aluable donations DY peels "39, 97
Parker, Mrs J. Monron, E lection
Clerics Sat hs et haa Bee yal PAO)
_, Valuable donation | Oe emer Oks iv, 20
PARKER, JONATHAN, Election of...i, 71

PARKER, NatHan.H.,— —........ elo)
PARKS, Mo K.5 —= sw. sees TIN ee
Partor Cius, Acknowledgment to. il, 68

Parnassta parvifolia, Occurrence

Olea, Ae eae eee stice es Sects lt os Side i, 148
Parnassius clarius, —— ......... i, 195
— smintheus, —— ...........0..-. i, 183
PaRRoT, JOHANN J. F. W., cited on

Sy Poultice eramia. soy 66 ote ili, 124
Parry, C. C.; A new California

TING eae tee etree A i, 188

—, Acknowledgments to.i, 85, 96; ii, 342
—, Agency of, in founding the ‘Acad-

Gye aawenccmnt st Sct vortrencte metas ii, 193

—, Amendment to constitution by. i, 48
NMA ACGRESS sexs se se sa i, 67

—, einen of, as delegate..iii, 131
— -— — on building committee. i, 41;
: “ii, 117

— Standing — .... 11,49, 80} 218;
iii, 67, 107, 161; iv, 12, 207, 292, 24() :
200, 217, 247

—; Arctostaphylos, aie eeneaeian IVA
—, Association of, with J. D. Put-
MVD reps meee bens eR icdtdencalsti cts il, 243

—; Biographical sketch and scien-
tific character of Joseph Dun-
can Putnam, late President of
the Day enport Academy of Nat-

WPHISCIENCGES. Wan - 2. oo as. iii, 225
Se OCOMOUNAUS | Mis As cath cie cp eir te oo see Ns 185
— ; Chorizanthe, R. Brown. .iv, 45; v, 174
— ‘cited on ferns ..:.......%.. iv, iv, 67
— — — needs of the ra eure 158
—-—— hers a Sl a eaewcipilile 7 Gey
—, Collections by.. 153, 155i5- ii, 270)

iii, Ae ie 252, 267, 275
—, Deposit of collection by. i Mey rye utr

339
Page

Parry, C. C.; Early reminiscences
of Richard Smetham........ v, 205
—, Election of, as curator ........ i, 66
— — — -— president........ 1, 13, 40, 55
—-——-- secretary......1i, 77; 111, 161
— — — — trustee......... ny PAS ahs 2als
ili, 161; iv, 240

— — — — vice-president... .i1i, 13, 105
—; Harfordia,.Greene and Parry.v, 26
— instructor of J. D. Putnam. . .iii, 200

—= aston, INCMy.). += <0. 40 soe V, 30
<A ettertromiyn «i .iacces ches dct oa no AS)
—, Meeting in honor of ..... Se eelih mile:
—, Memorial letter from........ lil, 224
— — resolution by... . 2.3... 5. li, 208

—, Narrative of expedition by...iv, 211

—; New plants from southern [ Cali-
fornia] and Lower California.iv, 38
; Notice of the late I. A. Lap-

| avzyi cave § Dil Lil Dee en atone pil, AY
= , Obituary INOUUES Oil. Sonos oe Vs, oil
—; — — — Dr George Engelmann,
GHENSE BLOT IONE SES 5 clade se 5 al: iv, 242
—; [— — — Dr John L. Le Contel,
iv, 230
—; — — — Professor John Torrey,
NY We Dea tle era BNP a usthes i, 44
— — resolutions ys Asch ies eee iy 82
= = ee [Ohya Mra ennn) AM ees el st Tiles
; Oxytheca—two new species from
southern California......... iui, 174
—, Portrait of, presented to the
ENGACEMIVA once. clyatrciiors ivan ails

—; President’s annual address. ..1i, 355

—; Professor David S. Sheldon,
fF ag 8 ae See tt ee ate Vv; 179

—, Record of biographic sketches
Dene corte iv, 212, 241; v, 11, 224

—— — eater eh by.-a, Ion ls
29, 35, 39; 111, 68; v, 204

— — — discussion by SP oy Sroabe eats 1, He
— — — exhibitions by .i, 38, 47; ii, 37,38
——--— lecture bys t.s2n a) cae. ae i 1
— — — letter from.... ........ i, AUB}
— — — papers by. ii, 5, 56, 70, 119, 207 ;
LV ZO sea ULL, 297, 23" , 268, 280
— — — remarks By. 43, 58; Nie ZOUK:
V, 224, 23
—, Reference to portrait of:...... Wiens BAY

— — — work of.1, 177,193; 11, 11, 121, 124,
167, 2185 mi, 100) 102 ssiv,vs ve Zio
—, Report of investigating commit-

TECH Diyas cies bean ene aetnert oct v, 220
—— — publication — —.iii, 11; v, 268
— — — Putnam entomologic collee-

CTOMMW Was aye vce stator -.V, 224
—, Resignation of, as curator..... es
— — — — president......... ae a slp

340 DAVENPORT ACADEMY
E t Page
Parry, C. C., Resignation of,

BECPOIATY. yap see ese aly: li, 186
—, Resolutions by.i, 54,70; 1 317 79, 82,

86, 91, 118; fy 240

— — concerning collections of. . .ii, 269

—, Scientific autobiography of. 279

—, ” Summary of report by... 45. iii 2
—; Summer botanizing in the Wa-
satch mountains, Utah terri-

COL es ciate ee abe cre eCA nO ce terare i, 145
—; The North American genus

Ceanothus, with an enumerated
list and notes and descriptions

of several Pacific coast species. v, 162
—, Titles of papers by . .iv, 280, 231, 241
—, Tributes to..i, 23, 24: Sin PAM ete iii, B's
V, ili, 215, 225
; Waledictory address.......... ni, 1K
—, Lay aluable donations by.i, 216; ii, 22;
iii, 17, 29, 59, 61; iv, 15, 21, 228 245
Parry, Mrs C. ce Election of...... Ty WA
—, Valuable donation DY Taner viv, 211
Parry, Joun E., Election of..... Mt,) = 82
Parry, JOSEPH, JUNIOR, — —....1i, 202
Parsons, Hannipat, Acknowlede-
ment LO Fite hcaris) ceets) cen eae v, 44
Parsons; Jedi eon ake i, 110
Parus atricapiltus, Occurrence of..v, 159
— bicolor, ——............. Sao
PARVIN, T. 8. Ad dress. Dy? ak «27 ii, 180
— , Election Ol ior tein in npn ii, 118
— — —, as life member ......... li, 118
—, Letter from, announcing dona-
LMOR OT icant hee Rae RRR Mie papel oy li, 89
—, Record of address by......... li, 224
—— Oma OmtneT: yen. tar, ii, 214
—, Reference to lecture by...... ra, 2
—, Resolution of thanks to...... i, 89
os Vv. aluable donations by. .ii, ill, 87, 89,

116: ili, 29, 5

Pastmacuus elongatus, Occurrence
Gist s cog Ae He ah a Lae Se ae i, 169
PAssERELLA iliaca, ——.......... v, 145
PASSERINA cyanea, — —.......... v, 146
PASTINACA sativa, ——........... i, 158

PATENT legislation, Discussion of.iv, 244

Parrosus longic or nis, Occurrence

Oley Score eta ee eR i, 169
Parrerson, WiLitAmM, Acknow ledg-

METEOR oa ae i, 110
Patrerson, H. N., Election of. . lil, 81
PatuLa striatella, Occurrence Olea ls
a= COON CTI) eee atrarnaene eel e 13
PAUL, Jor, Acknowledgment to ii, 195
—, mecord of death Of 4 cu.» 4 cto i, 41
PAvt, R. E., Record of papers

i ee athe eS eee a v, 268
Pau, W. A., Election of 7 ede OL

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Payne, WitiiaAm D., Acknowledg- 4
ment ce BADR sie Pei tll
Prapopy, § Et: i eee my i23
, Election of Se Sets cee Hi, 25
PEAT BE, A, C., cited on geysers . iii, 85
Praris from mounds ...... iB ee v, 39
Peck, W. F., Reference to library

Of sag. ts Ao tee ee eee il, 307
Prcren antillarum, Occurrence of.v, 70*
— dislocatus,— —........ li, 248 ; v, file
— — — — in shell mounds. Se oe li, 228
— exasperatus, Occurrence of ..... ¥; nO"
— fuscopurpureus, — — ..ii, 248; v, 70*
— hemicyclica, ——...... “n> 5 neat
— imbricatus, = — i.) na eee vp 10"
— irradians, ——........ PPS Aulith yt}
— — — — In shell miogmaee ee li, 228
— nodosus, Occurrence of .1i, 243; v, fits
—, nucleus, Notes on....... Br sericea e ed
-— -—, Occurrence'oie 7 eo ae Pte Moma
— ornatus, — —....2..05.2-6 TE venieeh
PECTrUNCULUS Cds Brian motors
— pectinatus, ——.........- >) eee ee
— pennaceus, — — 7. ones eee
— canadensis, — —........... 160
— lanceolata, ——........5.... ..1, 160
Prptocmres phasianellus campestris,

— 5. eee Pe pee 3)
Prnpipes elongatus, ——.......... Vege
— naticoides, ——......... ii, 251 ; v, 69
Peet, Strepnen D.; A recent find of

skulls and skeletons i in Ohio. ii, 138
— cited on elephant pipes ......iv, 273
— — — Indian culture ..... ie 2 hy 289
—, Hlection of... yee eee ii, 128
~ ~’ quoted on Henshaw’s work . .iv, 305

pipes and tablets. ..iv, 332, 334

—, Record of letter from.....- os 51M y BUS
PEIRCE, BENJAMIN, Sponsor for Squier
and Davis... 7). sae -iv, 289
PeLecanvs erythror hynchos, Occur-
TENCE) Qis 2). eee = SE Le
Peecinus polyluratur, ——...... i, 207
PreLipnorara punctata, — — 4, 171
PELL®A atropurpurea, — —. ii, i, 22; iy, 67
— breweri, — --...... Dee ene 5. 149
— gracilis, ——.......... ays Liv, 67
PreLopaus ceruleus, — —..... i, 194, 208
— cementarius, ——..... ose ed, 194,208
Pevtis inequalis, —— ..........-1, 170
— laponica, — — .........---2---1, 179
— marginalis, — — ...... cece eee i, 170
— peltata, — —...... MORE Helse LAY
— ramosa, —-~...... MPP re ere ye
— surinamensis, —— . ........ Senks lA)
PEMBERTON AXE, Notes on the.. ii, 107
PENDLETON, E. H., Election of.. ai, 158
_—, Enrollment of, as life member. ii, 154

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
Penpueron, E. H., Valuable dona-
HCMEW|ON/ os weno ctone 1, LOZ) 10/61
Prenpieron, Mrs E. H., Election
OnE eerste es einie eee nene ii, 153
, Enrollment of, as life member. ii, 154
PENNSYLVANIA, Bark lice in...... li, 294
—, Donations from..... Ii Go)5) 1a, ES 37
— , Primitive art in, cited. 2a3 iv, 115
PENTARIA fuscula, Occurrence of. . + 200
— trifasciata, Sa fo aeltas Wits sitet aie if, llisil
Prenruorum sedoides, ——........ 1, 157
PENTREMITES, Str ucture of....... iv, 76
— godoni, Notes on — —....... iv, 80
PENTREMITIDEA mer icana, Founding
GIMSPIECIES fo eth. A ai cwinie op eee iv, 93
PrntstEMON cordifolius, Occurrence
NE ACE thane ete a emote bs ee 3 ae li, 189
— eatoni, — — . 0. eee eee eee i, 147
LAU CUS, ne we eve ee ee i, 150
aU UD (2) ——"=— ol eyovatetare anisyae’ a) i, 151
=P WOESCENS ——\—— Fox ahs oo) cls es oe eG
— ternatus, ——...... Sy iigiade eae ii, 189
RP SISEHUUT OUILCNC| —=)— one ists 1, 194, 208
RBRIGHA Zanthioides, ——.:...... ii, 192
PERIPLOMA angulifera, ——...... Ne Cal
-—— leana, — — ............ Hite atts)
— papyraced, —— ..........00e. li, 248
PrRIPLANETA orientalis, Notes on. .i, 250
Perkins, C. G., Acknow ledement
OP yey ee reas uCVa cuaiay Risks, Srey aan Wn ell
Perkins, F.%., Collection by...... ity EA

Perkins, Greorce H., Valuable do-

MALONE WO yess ese eed cies ili, 17, 30
Perna ephippium, Occurrence of. .v, 69*
=> OOLIQUd-wNOLES! OM tom. we ele Vay Oe
— perna, Occurrence of... ....... li, 243
Prrovsh, PHtLrepE Picor DELA, cited

on copper implements ....... i, 127
Perry, Mrs C. H., Election of. ..i1, 13
—, Record of collection by li, 214
—, Valuable donations by . ii, 185 ; i 5]
PrrstA, bo tamyaOleeare eee ae 1 29
Pay RPHES, Boucuer pp, cited on an-

tiquities AE ee een oe eee ieee Cpe iv, 320
— — — primitive eee em ues AY: uu, 40
—, Reference to work of....iv, 298, 294
25, (Malo Key nehieee ae a pecionn B RIGk Io ends
PE RU, Solpugidse from’. 2.5... iit 269
Peruvians, Language of ancient .il, 110
Prsrer, E., Election of.......... ii 13
PrraLosrEMon candidus, Occurrence

CON (a SS ea ea colic ease ee i, 156
— villosus, Doubtful ——.... ..iv, 66
— violaceus, — —........-+...--- 1, 156
Prrers, Buerk, Valuable donation

LONGER Peas Renee a eee a Wi tO)
PrTeErsEN,-J. H. C., Election of ..iv, 207
Prrersen, L. W.., JUNIorR, — —...v, 262

341

. . . . Page
Perire Ansg, Antiquities from. ..iv, 276

Periver, Jacop, Reference to work

of, on Solpugidee REO ricist i iil, 279
PErRICOLA divaricata, Occurrence

OTIS ees aoe Veoar
— pholadiformis, ——........... v, 47
PETROCHELIDON lunifrons, — —...v, 147
Perropuora diversilineata, — —..1i, 192
Pevucma estivalis bachmanii, — —.v, 144
PEYRONIE, GAUTHIER DE, Reference

to translation Ronyeiaieen ai ae eees ini, 281
Przorerrrx dodgei, Notes on...... 1, 259
SOU CSU! male erapal sh aceyahais vious Brwiat stake i, 259
WAGE —— coals ain bien curate seek i, 260
== UMIGOLON, = = weiss ees ook eek 1, 260
Prerrrer, Louts, cited on Auricula

TICLUUGORS SepettReeney ede psn tna ue, 45)!
PHACELIA suffrutescens, Description

OL Species *: utes Seas: Val D8
PHALAcROcORAX = dilophus, Occur-

LENCE. OF ese as 32s.) Gerster v, 115
PHaALacrus penicillatus, — —. .1, 179, 190
PHALAROPUS tricolor, — —....... id All
PHANEUS carnifex, ——.......... i, 180
PHEGOPTERIS calearea, — —.. 2... iv, 68
— dryopteris, Prediction of finding

Ole os hee Tees tee capaci iv, 65
— polypodioides, Doubtful occur-

GOMCE. Of. Selaatte ees ame mete: iv, 66
— hexagonopterd, — —......004% iv, 68
PHELISTER subrotundus, ——...... ey WEG
Pres. J. Bs, Appointment of, on

standing committee ........- Wa aly)
—, Election Fh CRT ee a ee
— —— as trustee. ..iv, 222, 240; v, 245

— — — — vice-president .iv, 240; v, 195,
216, 245, 272
—, Report of, as committee on C. T.

MtmGleviicvec Lee accra Ly eel
Puecps, Mrs i B., Election of....i1, 83
PueEnacosprus mirabilis, Occurrence

Okina Aso sMIC Ea eae Kon eickaeltnees v, 80
PHENE, JOHN S., cited on the Acad-

emy Géllectiont: vee te meee iy, Pali
PHiLamMPELus achemon, Occurrence

Ollsa Said cmoorae race 1, 176; a 191
= /NOMOWE = —hes 005002 i, 176; ii, 191
Puitantuus frontalis, — —....1, ind? 207
PHILHYDRUS fimbriatus, — —...... i, 170
— nebulosus, ——.......--2--2 05: 1 70
PHILIPPI, Freprico, Collection by.v; 39
Puivrert, R. A. , Election Ofeiaaee ii, 29]
-- quoted on Solpugid: SA par ce ii, 254
Puiuuips, Buckskin Jor, Record of

lectures POV es Sanat cus + eletsaah yan 1, 65
PHILLIPSASTREA verneuill, Occurrence

OL ee Aarts ante cost te eee i, 263
PHILOHELA MINOT, ———. =... Sete, Ny te

342 DAVENPORT ACADEMY
Page
PHILONTHUS xneus, Occurrence of..i, 179
= OU MULUS —— '———5 tal afro ieee. Kis, le se Shee ks i, 199
— pederoides, = Sse Raita whee See wis i, 200
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS, V alue
07S eG aca Site AIRS b ets | v, 240
PuHtLorecnus nigricollis, Occurrence
OLD Sys Se PE oe ae i, 190
Paiox bifida, — =... istic sees li, 259
— divaricata, — —........... ii, 161, 259
= UOSG 5 — 2 2. Sees nici oie che ae eee i 161
PHOLAS campechensis, ——....... li, 248
costata, — —........- ii, 248; v , 47, 70
— cuneiformis, — —............. a 248
— truncata, — —.......... li, 248; v, 70
PHOoRwS corrugatus, ——......... ii, 240
Paos intricatus, ——............. We, oul
Puorinus californicus, — —...i, 199, 201
— lacustris, ——.........2.04. ellie
Puorurws pennsylvanica, ——..... ty alkyl
PHRAGMOCERAS walshii, ——..... li, 266
PurymMa leptostachya, ——........ i, 160
Purynosoma, Indian name for. ...i, 192
— cornutum, Notes on............ Tee te,
— —, Occurrence of........... ii, 17; 20
— coronaium, Notes on........... st ap
— douglasit, ——......5..e..5.:. MW 22
Puycropes picta, Occurrence of....i, 184
= thanr08} = sek snes iby il7fay2 rote, IHL
PHytiaceus clavatus, —— .... ..i, 206
PuyYLiosrotica decorata, — —....i, 172
PHYLLOPHAGA cephalica, — — A 171
COOMA pa ios ot alte Sho Vegas ioss ih, ell fal
3 TOLETNG, —— A. cn, SR ee 15 IAL
NLS CUR te et rahe Ss ON ee ly IAL
a HUN GUSY Ses. cosh hie pepe ae ah ats ely
MONG UUAUIS te Se a ee spel byl
ete ee Pee yy ee aaclyL
PHYLOTRETA sp., — —.........:. 1, 181
= Striolata,, 2d. an sabes 1S
Prymatones dimidiatus, ——..... 1, 180
Puysa elliptica, —— ...... li, 182; v, 69
— gyrind, — —............ i, 166; v, 69
— heterostropha, ——...1, 166; 11, 18, 26,
133; v, 48, 69
— oleaced, — —.. 0... beeen ees i, 166
—— OMB, are se is nie sto v. 69
SOY Us — oe ne sects tins Beco 1 ae
PHYSALIS pennsylvanica, ——..... i, 161
— pubescens, ——........ Te NGM ee aie 259
— virginica, Correction of....... ili, 172
PICKERING, C. E., Election of ....ii, 184

PickERING, E. C., Report by,
(NOTCH: \ oe eer pe eeian eaet ee iv, 294
PICTURE-WRITING, Ancient ....... ray Lala!
Pierce, . H., Election of....... uinties Il
Prerce, GRANVILLE T., Letter from,
on pipes and tablets........ iy, oll
PiIpRoE,Jis., Hlectionvof..4..5.5 li, 126

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.
Page
Pieris occidentalis, Occurrence of.i, 183, |
195°
— oleracea, — —....... cee eee i, 183, 195
— protodice, ——....... i, 174, 183, 195;
li, 17, 191
Prernas, J. A., Election of;..2..% li, 232
Pirspry, H ARRY Ace Acknowledg-
ment to... 14.500 Se v, 48
—, Appointment of, on standing
committee’... ...sceeen Vv; 217, 247
— cited on Florida shells........ v, 47
— — — Hydrobia ............... Wa (les
—, Collections Dy... sean v; 67%, 196
—; Description of a new Hydrobia,
with notes on other Rissoidz.v, 38
—, Election.of: .. 24. o2 eee iv, 229
— — — as librarian......... v, 216, 245
—, Record of papers by. ..iv, vi; v, 218,
228, 231, 262, 268
—, Reference to work of....... Baie eA0ke:
—;) Remarks by, on aquatic mol-
lisks (=>... eee ioe
—, Report of, as librarian... .v, 236, 265
—, Resolution by,, cc. eeeeeeeee iv, 249
—, Titles of papers byt... aaa lv, 250
—, Valuable donation by. .-.....v, 2a0
—, R. Evtsworra Cain and; On
Pyrgulopsis, a new genus of ris-
soid mollusk, with descriptions
of two new forms:..........- yy 8)
PIMEPHALES notatus, Occurrence of.v, 80
— promelas, ——...........-. see eU
PIMPLA inguisitor, — —.......-.--1; 206
— pedalis, — — -..0: sae eee i, 206
Prnarr, ALPHONSE i Valuable do-
nation. by .\..; ss eeeDe rhe we IY
Prine creek, Mounds of...... > eT,
Pintcona eneucleator, Occurrence
Of. icc oe Ree vy, 140
PINNA carned, — —... 22 ee eee Ve aOe
— muricata, ——... 43; v,46, 70
— seminuda, ——...... li, 243; v, 46, 70
PINNULE PITS, Morphologic defini-
bionOt.). saeeeeee ier ccivys Wii
Pinus contorta, Occurrence of .....i, 152
|. == coteri, == Vie eae ii, 188
PIOSOMA sefosum,— — ........... i, 178
| .Prpms, Ancient... a5. ne eee iv, 308
—,/ Discussion’ of: ..2aqeee iii, 4; iv, 246
—, Character of aboriginal...... ili, 154
—, Elephant........ wooed, woes iv, 271
——, Defense of... . pee v, 215
— —, and inscribed tablets .....iv, 252
—— aN indication: Of .. sc ase Veeco!

from mounds. -i, 107, 120, 13aycy "150;
iii, 111 ets 187; y, 39, 43

—, Collection of Indian....... LV, 233

—, Report on —.... 1.0. cess oeegmeee

ANDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-—V.

Page

Prero erythrophthalmus, Occurrence
Olea Seca Seltaawise std fe .-v, 145
PIRANGA erythromelas, ——...... v, 146
= PALOT OG tae rele BS aye os eS ace v, 146

Prrocorr, NrKonas IWANOWITSCH,
cited on gunshot wounds.....i, 95
PistprumM abditum, Occurrence of. ls Cee
7, 65*
ett RON ee he Ach ole! oc 6 2 Ne 166
— virginicum, ——....... Soe ee i, 166
PITYOPHAGUS vitatus, — — ....... 179
PLANAXIS lineatus, ——.......... v, 99
— nucleus, — —.......... vive is Vanes
PLANORBELLA armigera, — —.... .1, 166
PLANORBIS ammon, ——........- iL a3}
— bicarinatus, ——........ i, 166; ui, 14
— duryi, ——..... See eae v, 66*, 70
OM LCS: —— =" a's Wee vss Ty Use Nee, FO)
— glabratus, ——........ 166; v, 70
— parvus, ——......... 1, 166; ii, 13, 18
— trivolvis, ——..1, 166; 11, 23; v, 48, 69
— tumidas, ——..... Avalos ee V 48, 70
PLANTAGO major, —— ........... i, 160
— patagonica, — —...........%.. 11, 259
— rugelii, ——.......... Peas AZO, AE

Prants (List of phenogamous); J.
J. Nagen and J. G. Havupr....i, 153
—, (New) from southern [California |

and Lower California: C. C.

EAS OLE ae AO, Ae ees Soe SRE iv, 38
Phatanus occidentalis, Occurrence

(DIP core en Fe aay one Bean Soe i, 163
Piaraemis subornata, — —....i, 204, 205
PLATHYPENA scabra, ——........ 1 Oe
PLATIDIA anomioides, ——....... li, 242
PLATYDEMA americanum, — —....i, 172
PLATYNuS wruginosus, ——....... i, 169
St CNOLC BUS hos ane ele biel x, bese i, 190
— decorus, — —..........055. GS
— extensicollis, — —..ic.eeccceees iy fies
— melanarius, — —.... se. eee 1, 169
— sinuatua, ——..... HAs one sac i, 169
a SPECS, uae wok a be i EY)
emp TUT CS mas el Se Mea cinie sue. os i, 169
PLATYPHYLAX atripes, ——... .i,1, 191
SL ESU VOLO i as Seda ale eas elo
PLatysterucs americanus, — —.1, 179, 199
PuLatystoMA lecontei, ——......... ie Jel
== PUNCH, — = gee .v, 108
PLECTRODERA scalator, ——...... ila 1S)
PLECTROPHENAX nivalis, — —.....v, 141
PLEUROMERIS tridentata, ——..... rey
Prevrotoma albinodata,——..... v, 54
— atrostyla, ——...... Rone cere v, 64
— auberiana, — —....... 00.0000 Vv, 90
— biconica, —— ................ v, 954
ay COEPIDED, a aes ee oss v, 54
— cerinella, ——.......... ttpcetele Vaud Oe

343
Page
PLEUROTOMA eritima, Occurrence of. vy, 54
—"lAUESCENS, —— A ols oes ne sts Vv, 55
— fuscescens, — —.... 0.2... eee V, 99
— gthbosa, — —..... 0.6... eee v, o4
— leucocyma, — —............-+- do 9)
— limonitella, ——.............. Vv, 4
— momilifera, — —...........545- Vv, 99
— NIGETTIMG, — —. 2. eee eee Vv, oD
= OStreQTUM;, — —. 2 ee ee v, o4¢
—= quadrata, So. ede ee bee Vv, 99
— (Mangilia?) simpsoni, Descriptions
ONSPECICS Rae agiaes 5 csck mista v, 54
— solida, Occurrence of........... v, 54
— tayloriand, — =... 2.2.5.5... v; o4
Foi (110 ere ee ce det eRe V, 99
— venillum, — —.. 2. eee eee eee li, 250
ST AOVRO) ea ane a Oe Bia h Me 54
PLICATULA ramosa, — —.. .11, 243; v, 70*
PLONGEON AUGUSTUS LE, cited on an-
ERGO ae a epee ee iv, 283
— — — Egyptian civilization .. ae 297
Puorr, , cited on ground ice. .ii1, 353
PLUMMER, CHARLES on Election of i i, 8
aN aluable donation Dive Berets iii, 18
Pucanms CLARENCE, Election of.iv, 229
PLUSIA xria, Occurrence of....... ii, 192
— balluca, — —:. 20h Peeks li, 192
— simpler, ——.. 2. cece in, 192
ROW GRSIG, ===. sateen. 2) oe Vacs
Popasrus flavicollis, ——......... 1 kel
— punctulatus, ——...........4.. i, 172
golosus, — =. o.e cesses 1 hae
— tomentosus, ——............... 1, 172
PopILYMBuS podiceps, ——....... v, 114
PoporHyiuuM peltatum, ——...... i, 154
Porm by Richard Smetham......v, 207
POGONOCHERUS mixtus, Occurrence
Olt Aen ater foo aie ige aoe i, 180
PoGonus depressts, ——.......... i, 200
POJANA, . cited on Noachian
Celweeu ee 2 Ges 5 ser es ye LO
Po.Lanist graveolens, Occurrence of.i, 155
PoLEMONIUM reptans, SS Bosh boc 1, 161
PouioptTina cxrulea, ——......... v, 159
PonisrEs metricus, ——........... i, 209
— pallipes, = =. 22.5 enclave des i, 209
— variatus, — —....-........ 1, 194, 209
POLYGALA senega, — — ....i, 156; iv, 39
Potyeonatum biflorum, ——...... i, 164
— giganteum, — —............2 sh i, 164
PoLyGonum aviculare, — —....... i, 162
== OOOO NTE = She pons ALOE i, 162
— hydropiper, ——.............. i, 162
— hydropiperoides, — —......... iii, 170
— incarnatum, — —............-. 1, 162
— muhlenbergit, — —........ Lis £70, CAL
— orientale, ——. 2.0... cee eee i, 162
— pennsylvanicum, — —....... 0s i, 162

344

Page

POLYGONUM raimosissimaun, Occur-
POUCOKOL 1 cz 4%.0 5 Cosi ee et oar i, 162
— tenue, Doubtful — —.......... iv, “73
ee ee ty ee wee aed iv, 67
— virgiianum, — —............. i, 162
PoLyPHYLLA 10-lineata, ——...... 1; 290
Po.typopium vulgare, — —....... Vy WOT
PotysrascHores punctatus, — —.1i, 191, 205
PoLyreEnNta nutallii, — —......... i, 158

PoMATIOPSIS lapidari ia, — —.1, 167; 1i, 14

Pomeroy, F. E., Election of...... v, 247
Pomoxis annularis, Occurrence of.yv, 80
PomPILus luctuosus, Sate tae i, 208
Pontiac, Reference to career of.. is Ls
Poocxres gramineus, Occurrence of.v, 142
Poo sr, R. 5., Reference to work of,
one solpucidke . 452352. .08 iii. 302
Poouer, F.8., Election of....... ili, 94
Popr, P. V., Record of presentation
DCR A cece ack te ee eee ili, 129
PopENoE, E. A., Collection by...iii, 277
—, Observations on Solpugidee
Cibed sae eae use eee Li, 253
Poru us alba, Occurrence of...... WLGS
— balsamifera,— —....... 1163.5 11,3
— dilatata, — —................. 1, 163
— grandidentata, — —............ 1, 163
— —, Vernal appearance of...... ds
— monilifera, Occurrence of....... 1, 163
— —, Vernal appearance of...... li, 13
— tremuloides, Occurrence of...... i, 163
——,V ernal appearance of...... hea ho}
Porcupine, @Occurrencerot., = oe. ili, 86
Porter, Mary, Election of...... iil, 139
Porter, THomas C., ——........ li, 128
PorruGa, Donations from...... ili, 24
PortuLaca oleracea, Occurrence of.i, 155
NUS Up mo bp ba, Shs ovat nbc oce chee i, 155
PorzaNa carolina, ——.......... v; 121
— noveboracensis, — —........... ari ail
PoTAMIDES costata, — —.......... v, 60
— 10stOMA, — —.. 1... ee eee eee v, 60
— scalariformis,— — ............ v, 60
LENS mae ie es tee SERS v, 60
a METI g mm ahah sl Pres Neha em oes v, 60
PoramoGr’ PON compressus, — — 7a; 259

linoensis, Description of species. iv, 29

—-—, Occurrence of ............ iv, 27
—_— natans, Se ee eee ee iahe Mek teh li, 259
— perfoliatus, ——-.............. iv, 27
— pusillus, Notes on ............ LVS Ve
— —, Occurrence of ............ WL,
POTENTILLA argula, ——......... i, 157
— canadensis, ——.......3....... i, 157
— fruticosa, — —.......22...000- ii, 259
—=—"NOPVCQICO, —— —— ss act ae See les 1 ie
— palustris, ——............ Se eet
— pennsylvanica, —— ........4- iv, 66

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF

NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

PoreNtTILLA tridentata, Occurrence
OLS | nadie n2 oe A ili, 169
Porrer, , Collection by oe ili, 190

Porter, AMASA, cited on Payson
MOUND tis Ae Ae li, 167
Porrer, Mrs W. M., Election of...i, 76

Porrery (Ancient) of the Missis-
sippi valley ; W. H. Hormes.iy, 123
, Collection of ‘ancient : ee iv, 254

— Bie: mounds....i, 104, 120, 1387, 173;
ii, 28, 83, 147, 149, 154, 225, 295;
lil, 136, 143, 187

— (Manufacture of ) by Mojave In-
dian women; Epwarp PALMER. ii, 32

— of the Pueblos ......... Se TG
Pourra.es, Count Louis FRANCOIS DE,
cited on fossil bones........ iv, 276
—, Collection by... estes see li, 238
PowELL, ——, Election of ........ reed MY,
Powet., Masor JoHn Wesupy, Ac-
know ledgment for lecture by.i iv, 245
— — £0 2. b ged see ee iii, 120
—, Arraignment. of -. --- ener iv, 280
—=, Criticism. of... 0. ace eee iv, V
— ’ Endorsement of Henshaw by.iv, 260,
274, 334
| —, Fame of. .\:.. acme eee iv, 281
— quoted on ethnologic work...iv, 286
— — — Henshaw’s—...... Iv, 2902356
— — — Indian art.....:....... iv, 345
— — — organization of scientific bu-
Teas 5. UA aya eee iv, 294
— — — pipes and tablets....... iv, 287
— — — primitive carvings...... iv, 344
— — — relations of Indians..... iv, 296
— — — — — mound-buildeérs.. .iv, 255
—, Record of letter from......... sea 77
—, Reference to work of........ iv, 303
—, Tribute t0. 2. 25-9 -c eee iv, 296
—— —L. H. Morgan by....... iv, 257
Power, C: J., Electionvote ee. i, 74
Powers, STEPHEN, cited on primitive
Currency. <...aeh eee eee ii, 42
Poynrer, Rosert, Election of....iv, 248
Prarr, Cursrer L., Acknowledg-
MENG eee iso Ob ii, 148
—, Election of.......... eye Hye
—, Reference to work of......... li, 257
—, C. T. Linpiey and; Exploration
| of nine mounds in Rock Island
county, Illinois, May 19 to 23,
1881), 2...) er iii, 173
Pratt, Mrs FE. M. ; Apo of,
on standing committee. . Ager Ls
—, Election of... a iii, 94
—, Enrollment of, as life mem-
DOTS ase \ ne ee +n on a

| Pratt, FRANKIE, Election of.. laa 3

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS

Page

Prarr, Lucy M., Acknowledgments
Lian) Mant ec dees A f.. AVL Oo

—, Appointment of, on standing
COMMMUCE eases. as. S: ili, 67, 107
—, Certificate of resolutions by..iv, 252
—— RACE HIOMs Olan ser act. cs ass Se css te TG
— — — as secretary. iil, 125, 161 ; iv, 11,

221, 240; v, 195, 27

—, Report — — —..iii, 149; iv, Te 2a.
235; v, 196, 209

Prarr, W.H., Abstract of paper by i, 190
— — — report by............... 10
, Acknowledgments to..i, 86, 114, 118;
li, 64, 342; 111, 151; iv, 124, 254; v, 81
—; An artesian well at Moline. .iii, 181
—, Appointment of, as committee on
Signal Service

— — — — curator............... ieee
— — — on insurance committee.li, 4
— — — — memorial —......... iii, 185

— — standing --. - 7; 0, 5, 6, 80,
218,219 111, 67; 107, 161; iv; 12,207,
222, 240; v, 200, 217, 247

—, Articles of incorporation by...i, 8
— cited on Carboniferous outliers.ili, 167
—_—— 41

Britis GM oP yeh 5c
— primitive pottery....... i
— Toolesboro eee a NG
—, Collections by. . .ii, 23, 187, 285, 287 ;
ili, 166
aye =o, SULA
iv, 233
; Curious relic from the Cook
PARTON hs lg ayers callie
_, pe ae of species bOlLas Saa4
; Description of a Unio shell found
on the south bank of the Mis-
sissippi river, opposite the Rock
Island arsenal, in 1870 . ay
——— SIO WY" nis. em ace oe owes
’ Election of, as chairman of sec-

tion im, 95
— iy 1, as
Tgp 22K.
245, 273

247

—, Curator’s reports by...

256
287

— curator... .1, 79, 85;
218; iii, 13, 161; iv,
240; v, 195, 210, 216,

— deputy treasurer .....

— director of museum. . .1,

—— presidenty.A.. +0). . = 2s;

— secretary. .1, 1, 33, Vi, ais
iv, 208, 221; v, 195, 216

of section ......... ii, 24

— trustee. .i, 2; ii, 218; iii, 161;

iv, 240; v, 245,

— — vice-president iii,

—, Enrollment of, as life member. ii,

—, , Exhibition by

(
105
66 ;

[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.]

|
44

VOLUMES I-—V. 345
Page
Pratr, W. H.; Exploration of a
mound on the Allen farm...iii, 90
— ; Explorations of mounds at Al-
aimivay Hilo se ees. aorta ili, 88
==» Poree amd motion..:2-)5..06+ ano
—; Geological section of the bluff
at East Davenport.......... ili, 106
—; Inscribed rock at Sterling, Ilh-
LOTS Ae Sean ee eh ae iii, 89
— instructor of J. D. Putnam. ...iii, 228
—, Letter announcing valuable do-
TALL OM MID VE glen pey f= heer each SA li, 24
—; Lightning phenomena at Black
Jaye lcd eee OE hin RSE Sa: iii, 91
—; List of land and fresh-water
shells found at Davenport, lowa,
1, 165
—, Memorial address by........ iii, 198
— — resolutions by...... i, 2583 v, 263
Meteoric shower ..........-. i, 14
—, Mound exploration by. .iv, 197, 198;
Vv, 43
—, Obituary resolution by....... li 4 12
—; On the exploration of the
mounds on the farm of Colonel
WallramyAllens:5 jasc seca ii, 148
—; — — prevalence of left- handed-
ness in the city schools...... li, 186
—, Portrait of, presented to the
iA CAGEMIYVAs Soke eee ae eee ye
—, Presence ‘of, at organizing meet-
i NEC @ ape coe ere StH AS DEEL ate bic real
—_ quoted on elephant pipes..... iv, 263
— — — Indian pottery ......... iv, 141

ili, 81, 88, 99, 149, 162,

, Record of communications by. ie 154;
186 ;

V; 231, 260, 262
— — — discussion by ........... v, 233
— — — election of, as secretary. .ii, 196
— — — exhibitions by. .i, 48, 58; 11, 18,
115, 165, 224 ; 111, 108; v, 278
— — — papers by..1, 77; 11, 6,970 197,
20S : iv, 208; v, 227, 268
— — — presentation by ........ iii, 130
— —— remarks by...... li, 202; v, 224
— — — reports by ..i, 16, 29, 36, 51, 73;
i 13, .19)-21,26. 35: 219, : 257 ; v, 259
—, Remarks by; on poplar trees. .
— — — — vegetal orientation ..iv, 212
— — — — patent legislation....iv, 244
— — — — skulls............... iv, 246
; Reminiscences of the early his-
” tor y of the Academy........ li, 193
—, Reference to work of. . .i, 137 ; ii, iv,
D251 aH 2, 102, 189
—, Report by, on collections .. - -lv, 222
— — — — Putnam entomologic col-
leeiienn 4 gos. pata octets cm v, 224

[July 17, 1893]

346

Page

Pratt, W. H., Report by, on commit-
tee on animal carvings, etc. .iv, 248

— — — — publications seg
(2) I, -LGor Delays Bon. 23/
— — — — special —............ V, 277
— — of, as curator. .i, 84; ii, 213; iil, 96;

iv, 10, 216; v, 196, 210, 23 5, 266
—; —— explorations of the an-
cient moundsat Albany, White-
side county, Illinois ......... i, 99
bd
boro, Louisa county, Iowa. ...i, 106
—; — ona geological examination
of the section of the bluffs re-
cently exposed by the C., R. I.
7 2a] PR | re as a i, 96
—, Residence of, changed........ Vv, lil

a ’ Resignation of, as secretar Vendo

a Pa Rew koje 164, 186,
269 : Fai 273

—; Section of the bluff at Sixth

?

_—, ’ Resolutions by.

street, Davenport: ....... ==: i, 127 |

—; Shell money and other primi-
ive CUPPCTICIES Sine t. ee ete te hos
—; The Chambers rod and the
Wehoenix, nol are, 2.0. ss iby)
—;— president’s annual aan iii, 151
ae — shell beds of the vicinity of

Davenport s..i6i2 > 2 psloces = ee li, 156

—, Titles of papers by.......... i, 11, 40
—, Treasurer’s report by......... v, 265
—, Tributes to... .ii, 102; iii, 95; v, 215
—, Valuable deposit by ......... Hi; rg
— — donations by ...i, 225; ii, 54, 119;
iii, 18, 30, 61; iv, 213

—and J. Gass; Bones of the mam-

moth in W ashington county,
LOW et eke eon ee ili, 177

—, C. E. Harrison and; Adc litional
explorations at Toolesboro. . 43

Prarz, Le Pace pu, cited on ancient
potter Wikaees etcholns sala Beoretnts 127

i, 19, 67, 83:

PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESSES
iii, ia 98, 151, 198 ;

ii, 75, 174, 207, 359

iv, 1, 218, 237; v, 198, 210, 269
PRESIDENT’S Pate C. H. pee

ORL Pies soeticises A eateet mie eee Vs pl
annual oO SO > PARBY: 2c i 305
———; ©. E. Purnam. Ly, 210, 236.
—_—— - C, H. Presron.......-. iv, 218
—_— : CH ARLES E. Harrison. LY. 269
—— sop He Pa livNows a4 28 Se iv, 237
Rep ee HaCenorrone 208 a2 2st: v, 198
———; Mary L. D. Purnam...iii, 98
_- aS. He NDING ce e-2 ces li, 207

_— (They — Weer RArT ss. ants 151
Preston, C. “H., Acknowledgments
eA ere bie oe By. li, 148; iv,

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

: Page
Preston, C. H., Appointment of,
as committee on signal serv-

ICO. 50% sis anes cle ie iv, 223
—- — —,on memorial committee.ili, 185
— — — —standing—....... ii, 5, 6, 80;

iii, 67, 107; iv, 12, 207, 240;
v, 200, 217, 247

—, Election. of. ....cn2.20 soe eee i, 53
— — — aspresident............ ivy), dl
— — — — secretary.i, 66, 85; 11, 1; v, 258
— — — —trustee...... li, 218; iii, 105; .

iv, 221; v, 216
— — — — vice-president... .ii, 77, 218;

ili, 161

Memorial resolution by....... .V, 279

— — — on R. J. Farquharson... ee 248

—, Mound exploration by....... o7
— — near Joslyn, Rock Island

county, Illinois)... s72:¢eemes iv, 198

| —, Obituary resolution by....... ii, 12

—,; President’s address..... ofits Gee

—; — annual address.......... iv, 218

| —, Record of address by........ iii, 195

| ———communications by..... 117129"

iii, 149

| — — — exhibition by........ Pee ee Oi

— — — papers by......... i, 79; ii, 85;

iv, Vv; v, 268

| ——— reading by....... aches v,. 202

— — — report by............... v, 229

| —, Reference to address by ..... iv; 287

— ’ Report by, on investigating com-
mittee... ... . 0 eeee eee v, 220
— — of, as auditing —.........i1, 3, 212

| ——— — committee on constitu-

el BGR EE

Pessoa ss secretary ...... Pion Ty 0

— — — on publications commit-
teen Zhe li, 65; iv, 225, 237; v, 268
—, Resignation of, as secretary. iy, 207 |
—-, Resolutions by....... ii, 86, 89, 204 ;
iv, 226, 252; v, 201
—; Storms. »..¢2. . Jae oneneeeaee it)
—, Valuable donation by..... =e
—, E. P. Lyncu, H. C. Furton, C. E.
Harrison and; Mound explor-
ations at Toolesboro, Louisa
county, Lowa... ieee eee Vie nod

Preston, J. W., cited on birds of
Towa... ...+../n Vi 115
Preston, W.C., Election of..... v, 247

Price, Hiram, Valuable donations

by biden eo ocd eee = ae 30
Price, REUBEN + Hlechion Of: azo
Price, W. H.,. = =. eee : ae 38
PRIESTER, CHant ES, — —. ...... iv, 227

Prime, Temp LE, Collection by.. ay 251
Primuxa parryi, Occurrence of. .

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
PRINELLE, H. W., Acknowledgment
81

Prince, C..G., Collections by..iv, 37, 62

PrIocNEMIS terminatus, Occurrence

imate ds ote ko ak i, 194, 208
IPRIONON NESS GUN OL nos scene i, 208
PRIONUS californicus, Indian name

AO Bere SS e Oe Ce ee Ie Cac i, 192
— —, Occurrence of.............. Teme yit
— fissicornis, — —.........000e-: 1s AG2
— imbricornis, — —.......... Line lhe
PRISTOCELLUS fuscus, — —.....- aby LOI

Procreepinas of the Academy of Nat-
ural Sciences of Philadelphia,
Reference to, on Solpugidee..ii, 301

— — — American Association for
the Advancement of Science, —

ne ete Ps Seales nad wpa’ Ses ili, 305
—, Publication of, discussed..... iv, 220
Propucretia truncata, Octurrence

(Cit, ie ceisee 3. eee etecro Paereet te .-v, 108
Propuctus prattenianus, — —....ili, 107
pee LUT GLCULUS ese eh sash tel iii, 107
Prorrus davenportensis, Founding of

SIE CLES. tae neared es ate ata Ses li, 287
PROGNE subis, ieenarenee Olean 4 v, 147
Promeropra 6-maculata, ——..... i, 170
Prosartes trachysperma, — —.....1, 151
PRosoPIs affinis, — —............- 1, 209
OLS HUES: amet as 5 aves lahs Shay sits’ 6-ueps 1, 209
PROTONOTARIA citrea, A acco ale Wa, lal
Provrostiama sigillar loides, Relations

Ona e Be tae te ee OL earn: ii, 206
Prouprit, 8. V., Election eee AS
Prunvs amer icana, Occurrence of..i, 157
—= theifolia, — —.......-.......1l, 189
— serotind, — —.... 2. eee eee eee i, 157
—— VUPGUUANA, — —. ee ee ee cee yi
PSENOCERUS supernotatus, — —....1, 172
Psrupoaiossa lubricalis, — —....1i, 192
PSEODOHAZIES eglanterina, Notes on.i, 198
— pica, Occurrence of...........: i, 190
PstLopHYTON gracilium, Relations

Clap etre ie. eae pees ae eso ii, 206
PSOLOESSA (2) coloradensis, Descrip-

(Ono ApeCIes 2... br caels So 1, 252
Psorawea floribunda, Occurrence of.i, 156
PsyLLiopEs punctulata, ——...... nel
PsyLLopora 20-maculata, — —....1, 170
Prevea aptera, Description of spe-

(GHGEl SURE Een oe ace lv, 39
— trifoliata, Occurrence of. .i, 156; ii, 20
Preris aquilina, ——........... ivan On
Preronarcuys californica, — —...1, 191
PrrropHorus periscelidactylus, — —.il, 192
PYEROSTEGIA macroptera, Abandon-

ment-of species ........... v, 27, 28
— —, Transfer — —......... eK Ver se 20

347
Le Page
PrrrosticHus «agrestis, Occurrence
(ON MR ELE. YRS em tie drs cal, DAS
== felVolleh Rigg me Scie a ana Cheam nere i, 169
— femoralis, ——..... Sats acne i, 169
—— LONGUS; —— eh os wane sd oe Se i, 178
— lucublandus, ——.....:...... .1, 169
— luczotii, ——.. 0.2... ee eee 1, 178, 190
| MUEUS, == ee he ds Sc eee i 202
— permundus, — —......22..005- , 169
— protractus, ——....... i, 178, 1¢ ih 199
ms SCURUCUSY —| —— SAY ea ie tyrtaie Seine 1, 202
SEY UCUS em aaa ote Sreps SNe ece Ses i, 169
Prinus brumneus, —— ........... Ly L72
PuBLicaTion, Initiation of........ Te Rell
=a LOOTESS Oliera acer cine <a LS sey 220)
= Proposition concerning ...... ui, 116
MRE POrt ONiseieacisie sis ose oe lvn eee
Pc BLICATION COMMITTEE, Reports of. ii, 65,
127, 215, 254, 282; iii, 11; iv, 293,
225, 298. 229, 250; Vv, 198, 204, 210,
219, 236, 262, 267
— —, Resolution of thanks to. ui, 79
Pvrsto, DetnitionGf, -*a. ta. -- ii, 108
— Indians, Weaving’ Dy: ste. 20 i, 132
PULVINARIA innumerabilis, Descrip-
TODO SPCClesis 55 4... ee li, 293
— —, Production of honey- dew
BD yichitaien in exer ese ees es oe ee iv, 246
== SOLEGISS EN OLS! Olsen 4 aa am scene li, 339
Ss VIS gah a og et orachera aval es ee il, 340
Pura armifera, Occurrence of. .11, 14, 13
Ve 67

— contracta, — —....1, 167; ii, 14; v,

— fallax, — — ...i, 97, 167; li, 14: v, 67
— floridanad, — — ....5 «-6-2+00. v, 68
== AMMO DO My = —— 5 xe corsage er leis v, 68
== TUPUCONs = ne oe ated a eich V5, 04
Poupiuua alticola, — —........... me te
= (OLN, | ==! re Aras acted bist ee I, LS
— MUSCOrUM, — — .. 62. eee ee ee ui, 131
PuRPURA deltoidea, ——....11, 236; v, 50
— floridana, ——..:...... 11, 236; v, 50
— “‘hemastoma, -— =e fee Eero e v, 940
== lapillisy spre scenes sree ii, 249
— undata, ——........... li, 236; v, 50
Pursu, Freperic, cited on Amorpha
HORE OY NUON M es, Serer, 6 Ua BSE iv, 28
Rumn Am cenenlopiyis: sem tee lili, 198
PutrnNameBroruers, Acknowledgment
BON eon eee eared irene eae i, 41
Purnam, Crarctes E., Acknowledg-
ments to...... ii, 69 ; ili, vill ; iv, vi
—, Appointment of, on building
COMMUTES See ee ease ats A Lily
— — — — insurance —......... rity ee Cs
Sie er ae SE ee ii, 80, 218;

iil, 67, 107, 161; Vv; 246
cited on elephant PIPERS si ahh v, 238

348 DAVENPORT ACADEMY

Page

Putnam, Cuaruzs E., Election of..i, 26
———as president. entice Vv; 195, 216
— — — — secretary ............ v, 245
— — — — treasurer........ Ui, 105, 161
— — — — trustee....... ii, 1, 42, 66, 85;
iv, 11; v, 245

; Elephant pipes and inscribed
CAaDIELS Vi Ser ee ne teas beach iv,-203

—, Letters from, on — — — —..iv, 324,
326, 397, 33

—, Notice of death of............ v, 261
—, Obituary resolutions on...... Vv; 261
D3¢

; President’s annual address.y, 210, 2
—, Record of communication by Me 317

— == — death Of. i... ie sees v, 271
— — — papers by.......... Ty AUPE IN Ce
—, Reference to library of...... iii, 307
— — — portraitof.............. Va ALY:
—, Report of, as committee on con-
SOOM ere eines eae cee v, 247
— — — — finance committee.. .i11, 9, 95
— — — — treasurer sabe Tine ne
— — — building committee by.. , 153
— — — conference — —...... i, 151
—— — insurance ——........ a 5
—, Resignation of, as secretary...v, 258
—, Resolutions by. .i, 49, 66; 11, 16, 203,
204: ; v, 246
— — concerning paper by....... a 201
— — — vindication by..-........ iv, 252
— — of appreciation of...... ees LoDo
— — — thanks to...........+..: rity 15s?
MELE LO PEPSI OY crore mie tckerst iv, 250
ae AGU ULESMUOle etic tetsreiee rect Wat, 2424
—, Valuable donations by....... i, 154;
ii, 18,61: iv, 230% y, 230; 245
PurnaM, CHARLES M., Election of.ii, 81

Putnam, Epwarp K.,

Putnam, ExizaperaH Duncan, ——.i, 80
Purnam, F. W., Acknowledgments

NORE eben renee neti aby ma Po rp avabt 2 rile Te
— cited on glazing...... iii, 121; iv, 168
= SEE CHLOLe Ole. a sate cise Aes 20
—— Weber LOM. .2). hes sears sales ith TAU

— quoted on relations of mound-

Ininildensean va tcenmieee ccerces iv, 258
—, Record of lecture by......... iv, 236
— — — letter from...... ....... v, 203
—, Reference to lecture by...... iv, 238
—, Title of — —........... = 228
Putnam, GEorGE R., E lection of. ?
— , Reference to iat OL Aaeeece ty 189
Purnam, H. Saint Cuarr, Election

CO) ie Leeann tk Ciptry bie 1 korean E iy, esl
— — — as treasurer............ iv, 221
Purnam, JoHNn C., Election of..... ee tells
= Obituary resolutions on ..... ili, 82
—, Record of death of ..........1i1, 108

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

Putnam, JosepH Duncan, Abstracts
of reports by...... li, 10, 190
Acceptance of proposal by....ii, 80
Acknowledgments to...... Tax, 146 ;
it; 735 Wl, loss 159; ly, 6
Amendment to by-laws by. os aS 33
Appointment of, as delegate.. iii, 131

~

— — — on standing committee. .ii, 5, 6,

80, 218, 219; ili, 67, 107, 161

—; Aspidiotus ancyclus.........-- li, 346
—, Attentions to, by John L. Le

Conte:+ 5, ios. eseeee eee ...1v, 230

—, Bibliography of, eee - lil, 245

—’(Biographic: al sketch and scien-
tific character of ), late president
of the Davenport Academy of
Natural Sciences; C.C. PARRY.ili, 225
; Biological and other notes on

” Coccidee ial Hee eee seve ald, ieee

—- cited on honey-dew.......:..iv, 246
—, Collections by... eee i, 206, 241;
ii, 130, 297; ‘iii, 7, 267

—, Communication from ....-..- i, 116

—, Contract with, for printing...iii, 11
—, Dedication of species to... .i, 210, 257
—, Deposit of collection by...... Te eau
—, Disposition — — —..........v, 218
it Drawings by .....- Bees oar Hy aie

, Donation in memory of......v, 230
— — of entomologic collection aby. v, 224

—, Education of . 3 Aare - Ay, 199
—, . Election’of.... {22a Bi ae)

as director of section... =i 9

— — — — president...... ee Be 161

— — — — secretary .i, 33, 40, 59; 11, 31,

78, 218; lil, 13, 105

= — trustee. [450 eee ii, 218

ak Engraving by... i. 2... smeared

, Exhibition by... os. eee ii, 7
—} Friendship of R. J. Farquharson

fOP =. 5 on “Se cee ee ....1v, 204

; Galeodes pallipes, Say........ i, oo

; Hieroglyphics observed in Sum-

mit canyon, Utah, and on Little

Popo-agie river in Wyoming..i, 1438
— (In memory of); L. M. F**** iii, v
—, Letter from, on pipes and tab-
ete). 550k ciclo eee aie ly,
; List of Coleoptera collec ted in
the Rocky mountains of Colo-

TACO I 18/25. eee 2 wifi ome alba
—,; — — — found in the vicinity of

Davenport, lowai.oe en .eee i, 169
—; — — Lepidoptera collected in

Colorado during the summer of

Hie SZ,

Sa SS SS the vicinity « of
Davenport, Iowa..... , 174

e esi 9) w=

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

Purnam, JosepH Duncan (Memoir
Ob) Wed MeGur.. 3.22. ini, 241
— , Memorial meetingin honor of.iv, 207
ESE yes iii, 185
NONI ay eas eR iii, 1, 193
— — resolutions by............. ii, 258
a 0) ecto te er RE ili, 198
= IIS Oat raat ee a een A 265
— —on mollusea by............ int ales

; On the young of a species of

” Lycosa Ba See hice cakewe can alert Cine rly 8
ae TPOUIRAlt Olin siete da tacos.) iii, face i
— ” quoted on relations of mound-

Ini enche aerate eecsisigre A anes iv, 259

—, Record of biographic sketch of.iv, 212

— — — communications by. . .i, 39 ; iil,

99, 140
— -—— — discovery of new bark louse
MINE eA SEs rds yA lacs ee ii, 148
— — — discussion by........... ii, 143
— — — election of.......... ..l1, 198
— — — exhibitions by ..ii, 17, 151, 184,
Pepe a ed
— — — papers by...... i, 50; ii, 70, 205
— — — paper on spiders collected
SPUDINEE Aart Beenie Upto ee ow srs LV, Zo
— —— remarks IDV eth ey ete eae: rh, he

— — — reports by. ii, 19, 27, 37 , 129, 252,
203, 259, 270

—, Reference Bede as acting libra-

RTA tae otcralers, wisi onsets Ok ill, 3

9°

ae pea 23
— — — field work of. atcha iv, 243
ta NOTARY) Oli arate Selene cies « lil, 307
=e PADERS WY 2c ool . vee « ity. 32
— — — report by.............. it a
— — — work of. .i, 68; ii, iv, 7, 23, 208,

218, 281; iii, 100, 101, 102; iv, 3
——— —— on Solpugidee. pe lil, 2,
308, 306
; Remarks on the habits of Se
” eral western Cicade........ lil
—, Report by, as director of biologic
SACIMCING Se eee bE cron most ee “ii,
—— — — secretary ..... ii, 64; 1,
— — of publication committee
by. .ii, 6, 25, 65, 88, 215; 111, 11, 96, 151
; —on the insects collected by
Captain Jones’ expedition to
northwestern Wyoming in
Bae eee ea te fies & oe i, 187
—;—— in the vicinity of
Spring Lake villa, Utah county,
Utah, during the summer of
DS foes As Bue, teins ects ae oe Seas Beek’
—, —, Resolutions by.1, 81; ii, 4, 65, 145, 163
; The maple bark louse ( ‘Lecanium
LEETICOLGS Wc ATIC A iin) «. cre! = wit Poy

120
148

349
: Page

Purnam, JosepH Duncan; The Sol-
pugidee of America......... lii, 249

—, Tributes to.. .ii, 91, 102 ; iii, vii, 185,
197, 249: iv, 1, 265; v, 216, 225

-—, Valuable donations by.. .i, 216, 225 $
iii, 18, 30, "59 - v, 239

==, Vote of ihamks: tous.) sen snes ‘ie 60

—, ’ Work of, inpublication...... iv, 236

Purnam, Mary Lovtsr Duncan,
Acknowledgment of tribute

LOE Meare teeta tomid wotise a o.0 1 li, 65
Acknowledgments to.1H, vill , ae 124

— Appointment of, as delegate. . v, 210
— — —, on standing committee. =O:
80, 219; iii, 107, Nail rhyy, 222, 240;

V, 200, 217, 247

=, Collection. by’... 03.2: gosueee ui, 20

== Hlectlonvot: 2557.54. ase. Peasy ay 0
— — —as president ........... nig 13

—, Enrollment of, as life member .11, 99
— Letter of acknowledgment
iO Nero OOS Oo Soe R OS oc sou, Wy
—; President’s annual address. .ili, 98
—, Record of communication by.y, 218

— — — remarks by............. v, 224
— — — reportsfrom........ vy, 229, 2351
—, Reference to election of...... ui, 198
———— — as president........i1, lil

—, Report on publications by. .iv, 222,
223, 225; v, 210, 236, 268
—, Resolution of “thanks tivolosee li, 153
—, ’ Tributes to... , 86; ii, 11, 99; iv, 226
—, Valuable donations by. of 216; i11, 7,
59; v, 230

—, Work of, with Centennial Asso-

CLALLOW oe sect tne ae ae li, 66
Purnam, W. CLEMENT, Election of.ii, 13
— — —, as secretary.......... . iv, 240
— —— —— of section......... His) dio
= = =— trustee. i. sh. aro eke v, 263
—, Record of communication by. . .1i, 11

li, 185, 150, 155, 165,
205, 231
—, Report of, as secretary of sec-

— — — papers by.

ION AS sero oes sete eee Rollie Si
PYcNANTHEMUM § § linifoliwm, Occur.
TENCE! Obs sansa eee ne i, 160
Pyramets atalanta, — — ...1, 175; i, 17,
129, 142, 191
— cardui, — —.1i, 175, 185, 196; ii, 17, 191
— hunteria, — —..........-.-.--- ii, 191
PyrRAMIDELLA dolobrata, — —....V, 58
PYRAZUS minimus, — —.......--- v, 60

Pyreuopsis, Founding of genus..v, 9
— (On), a new genus of rissoid mol-
lusk, with descriptions of two
new forms; R. ELtsworrH CALu
and Harry A. Pinspry .

35°

Page
PYRGULOPSIS mississippiensis, Found-

ing of species........... siseohVG 2 Le

— nevadensis, Redes scription — —.¥, 10
— scalariformis, Sara ope aes v, 14
— spinosus, Founding of § species. oW;. (14

— —, Suggested —— —......... v, BS
Py RGUS tessellata, Occurrence of.i, 173, 197

lee ROPHILA pyramidoides, == 192
Pyrruartia isabella, — —.i, 176; i, 19]
PyrRULA papyracea, — —....... V, 46, 54
— perversa, Occurrence of, in mounds,
is 119
Pyrus americana, Occurrence of...i, 157
— coronaria, ——........:.. are a 157
QUATERNARY mollusca....... ave eL
(QJUATREFAGES DE BREAN, JEAN Lovts
ARMAND, Cited on syphilitic
ONES Soars oe o/s oo ee ili, 124
Qvrsec, Donations from......... li, 64
Queptus fulgidus, Occurrence of...i, 179
QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS, ie
501 BET Ar Cv ee ee eer oe Nr lv, 105
Quercus alba, Occurrence of...... i, 163
— COCCINEA, — —....... eee rene eee 1, 163
— macrocarpa, ——.............. i 163
—— PINUS, — — ec acccecectsccce i, 163
SS aight ee a ee Eee 1) 163
UNO ULAR es 2 5 ee i, 147
QuIscALus quiscula aneus, — —...v, 138
Rapsrr, Occurrence of 45.6: <2 iii, 86
RADENHAUSEN, P., Election of ...iv, 213
—, Lecture by, on aniline colors. iy, 23
—, Record of lecture by... iv, ¢ 213, 236

R ADIALS, Morphologic definition of.i lV, 77

Rapix utahensis, Founding of species. v, 5
Reta canaliculata, Occurrence of..ii, 247
— lineata, —— ............. 11, 247
Rarr, M Ary, Appointment of, on
standing cOmMILtEe ./ca-4 2. ili, 67
, Elec Bon of J: os oe Damo tie i, 80
R: APN ¥, CHARLES CHRISTIAN, cited on

Dighton NOCK Ear tse a eens nine li, 105
Raeien, Sir Water, cited on cop-

Per omamMenth..-tst 2 sass i 127
Rauuwus elegans, Occurrence of....v, 120
== UNGINUIMNUS, ——=, sens sles v, 12
Rana cateshiana, — —..... pha thos SUR acme
—— NONPOINT ee dates Oh). li, 26

RANDATL, Bens A MIN, Record of com-

munication Bye seer erent. S% ili, 94 |

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Rane wa caudata, Occurrence of. .ii, 234
— clathrata, — — janis pean 234
- tampaensis, — 0s 6 see li, 234
Raneata cyrenoides, — — ...1i, 247; v, 72
— flecuosa, — —......... eS 247
— rostrata, ——........- oe ence ell, 247
Ranuncuus abortivus, ——...... i, 154
— —, Vernal appearance of .....ii, 135
— adoneus, Occurrence of ........1, 150
— fascicularis, Biossoming of. 124 iy) 10
— —, Occurrence of. ...... «ai tana, elt
— —, Vernal appearance of ..... li, 134
— multifidus, Occurrence of. . .i, 154
— PCCUTVOLUS, ——i—— ae + tee
— TePpens, — — .- eee sees «oJ eee LO.
— —, Vernal appearance of......1i, 135
— sce leratus, Occurrence of ....... i, 154
RatTuvon, s. S., Acknow ledgment
COs eee oecce ere 5bi0 wie > ee eo
— cited on bark lice ........11, 331, 33
—; Election of (2. ueeeee J .elliba 94

— quoted on Pulvinaria wage
Dilis a See ects y 298

Rarran, V., Discovery of plant by. a 53

RAv, CHARLES, cited on antiquities

from Petite Anse........... iv, 276
— — — copper implements.i, 126; ii, 83
— — — pottery...... BCE Ac i, 138
— — — shell money..... /... 28 ii, 41

, Blection of} .. ds.28 sls 129
Ray MOND, H. EF. , Acknowledgment

£0.30. sce eee ee chalk
Reap, M. Ae Valuable donation
by sin ase w pye-evRie RO oe ee a 30
Reasoner, P. W. , Collection by... ay
REDFIFLD, Jad, Election of. ... # 128
—, Valuable donation by se>stea ces
Reep, WELLER, Election of...... ji, 118
REEVE, B. F., — —.48 Gere eee ii, 127
Reeves, M. ait Acknowledgment
tO): seats ee eee Bae oll
REGULUS calendula, Occurrence of. v, 159
— satrapa,— —....... wa nits ale eg pean
ReriLiy, ALBERT, Election Of l: a, 128
—, Record of observations by....i, 142
Rerss, M., cited on primitive art. .iv, 120
Revie, Curious. 3. eee + tes eos
— — from Cook farm........ wold, P20)
Renrrew, H. N., Acknowledgment
WO. ai0id o Saas ye Pe ia? otek
RENSSELLERIA johanni, Occurrence
Ofse.ihinc' see e/a cra) saggy OS
Renwick, JAMES, Election of......i, 9
as trustee. ...... host pepe eS
—, Valuable donation by .......ill, 61

Renwick, WILLIAM, Appointment
of, on standing committee. . li, 218;
iii, 67

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page

Renwick, Wri.u1AM, Election of...i, 10

—, Record of paper by........... ele

— — — reading by.......... xe LO
—, Report of finance committee

Oita oon ane Ce eee nee 1ii, 9,95

—, Valuable donation by....... iy (Gu
Renwick, Mrs Wiuiiam, Election

Clictrs ary Oa eo AE Eee iy (aie autre UGE

—, Record of death of........... ii, 210

Reports of committees.1i, 65, 212; 111, 95
ee se auucers. <1, do, 66; 835 11, 1, 47, 211;
ili, 6, 95, 14s; iv, 1, 5, 214, 3 1: V, 196,
209, 233, 264
— — the biologie section , 120
—-—— publication comunittee, 1883 ;

MARY Ii. 1.) PurNaM as. 52.2: iv, 236
Reppert, Frepertck, Acknowledg-

LTAVENTUCSH LO ere eke Amie Cte ee net ill, 169
RESOLUTIONS, Memorial......... ili, 198

Rerztus, ANDERS, cited on Indian
US ee Le LS

Revupkg, C., Election of iv,

REYNOLDS, Et, Resolution of thanks

Ruamnvs lanceolatus, Occurrence of.i, 156
Ruantus binotatus, ——...... 1, 201, 202
RurpreHorus scaber, i

RHIZOCHEILUS galea, ——........ v, 900
Ruope Istanp, Donations from. .iii, 38
Rats glabra, Occurrence of....... 1, 156
— toxwicodendron, ——........... 1s) 20
Uy = OO ING HO ORT 156
Ruyncntres bicolor, — —......... 1, 182
RHYNCONELLA intermedia, Founding

HES PECLES es Pusch cea ieee li, 285
— venustula, Occurrence of...... -V, 107
Ruyparocrromus leucopter us,——i, 11
Ripes cynoshati, — —...... ap teeth elon
i CCN ia ROO EEO Oe 1, 157
— rotundifolium, ——............- i Lae
Se UOT UNM, —— —— wes anctvaze tye soho wists s ce 1, 157

Ricer, Cu ARLES, Acknowledgment to. v, 81

Rice, J. E., Engraving by.. Seva ii, 72

Rice, Wireur F., Acknowledgment
Se POA RS Os v, 81

Ricuarps, ——, Record of corre-
spondence WGI: sevvuisr hots li, 38

Ricuarps, CiarK, Election of....iv, 227

Ricnarpson, D. N., ——........ MA
Ricuarpson, Mrs D. N.,— —....1i,. 4
Ricnarpson, J. i oe iv, 227

RICHARDSON, Miss —— , Record of
reading by stele Wo oe a iv, 249
Ricrnuxa noduloso, Occurrence of. ii, "250;
Vv; 46, 50

Ripeway, Roser, cited on Iowa
hawks=>..... - eink a ND Saye ces Ne 127

Page
Ripaway, Ropert, Reference to or-
nithologic catalogue of...... v, 113
Riere, WIdI.uiAM, Agency of, in
founding the Academy...... li, 193
—, Appointment of, on memorial
COMMMILIEC Sov. celejn2 sc) nae ili, 185
— — — — nominating —...... ili, 186
— — — — standing —. . iii, 107 ; iv, 222;
v, 200, 217, 247
—, Effect of lightning absense ¢ ore i1i, 291
=, ’ Election of, as trustee... .i, zn 66, 85;
Ws JIS Pay ll: 195 5, 273
— instructor of J. D. ae -1ii, 199
—-, Report of, on committee on ) ani-
Mitel) CarWiOss CLG: tea scinste iv, 248
—, Valuable donations by. .i11, 18; v, 229
RirLe BALLS (Do), when dike
the animal body, burn? : bee
WAR QUELARSON: «2052 seis gore ie OL
Ri,ey, CHARLES VALENTINE, Ac-
knowledgments to....... li, 292, 341
— cited on bark lice......... 11, 297, 340
— — — enemies of ——..... 11, 334, 338
— — — remedies for — —...... li, 337
S(O oll anvornetl ony at Gem en ance © 1252
—, Election of, as honorary mem-
lar oe eran: Cea rarimiatieneereasee rey
—, Memorial letter from. ...... rio PAY
—, Reference to work of...... i, 14, 148
—, Valuable donation by ....... a. 18
Rimuna frenulata, Occurrence of. . 63
Rine, EF. M. _ Acknowledgement to. ii, 188
TRIN Ge Gi es ec oes stale tar ats ii, 188
Riyk, Henry, cited on Eskimo..ili, 5
Rister, BensaAmMiIn, mentioned in
Putnam genealogy.......-.. ni og
Rissoa incompta, Occurrence of. ..ii, 240
Rissomna cancellata, —— ........ Ven Ol:
= DULCRT OD, iw wo ve wisn cies ows Ver JO
— reticulata, ——.......,.+...-- Var Ol
(OTe a I eo iG AINE DOr v, 61
Roperts, LUKE, Acknowledgment
COs Seiceiee nue eho ers eke secur ers Ve teil
Roserts, R. W., Election of ...... i, 48
—, Obituary resolution on........ Te val
Roserts, U.N., Election of.......i1, 53
—, Record of deathiok te tt 210
Rogers, Mrs U.N., Election of. . 68
Rosertson, D. A., eter ieee
§OS.2 Soe se ems ede oes i, 135
Rosita pseudacacia, Occurrence of,
i, 156
Rogprnson, Epwarp, sponten for
Squier and Davis...... ae a Le Be
Rosinson, T. J., Election of.....- 120)
—,V aluable donation By ata li, 61
RoceLLartia ovata, Occurrence of..v, 7
= PORTO, nae. had omic Wg) BAU

DAVENPORT ACADEMY

352

Page
Rocna, Darpo, Record of report
Oech RAN athe AGIOS Biting cuCICeNe iv,
Recx (Inscribed) at Sterling, Hie
NOIS + Weelee RATT e anes ili, 89
Rock FALts, Formations of...... v, 105
Rock IsLanp, Kitchen-middens on.1ii, 156
—, Planting of land mollusk on..v, 228
Shell bed on 42
Roc K IsLanp, Exploration of mounds

114

MY ETE Palys otal wsvepeinac late es hear cack oer unis Ze
Rock Istanp country, Mound ex-
APLOL ALLO NMI A Nhe Bite nl oe et iv, 198
RockForD SHALES (A description of
the) of lowa; C. L. Wessrser.v, 100
Rocks (Inscribed) in Cleona town-
Slatiots Psi. Grass eres, ua) voce ee sa mw, 172
Rocky Mounvatns, Coleoptera in. .i, 177
—, Exploration Ofthe..iu aNe: iii, 84
St MOT ae ate are ose eoocee 1, 146
Ropman, T. J., Election of, as hon-
Orary meniternys | ls em. os eae TaveLD
Roz, E.R. —————........ TA
Roemer, FERDINAND, cited on blas-
MaiGle te honetalces er he lV, ue: 88
Rogers, Harriet, Election of ....1, 76
LORS Me isa Skye eee Bia 6
ROMINGER, eae oses on stratig-
raphy of Michigan)... © iv, 104
— quoted on Devonian — — ... Ay UT
Rosa blanda, Occurrence of....... 1, 157
UCU —— OE ile fi ereuste a eles We ella
Ross. RoprrIcK, Memorial address
1D Pa ae ICLP ERO aR Skea ili, 185
RosENKRANZ, SAMUEL, Acknowledg-
MMVOMNUNLON crete sete atoiwe ciontee ere 1, 99
Rosny, Leon pg, cited on Maya in-
scriptions SA er AS EAS Oia ee ii, 110
Ross, WiuirAM F., Appointment of,
on standing committee. .111, 67, 107
HN ECHOMObe odie poe ¢ cack Mater 1a Ae
— — — as secretary............. i A
—, Valuable donations by... .iii, 18, :
Rorurock, J. T., Acknowledgment
MOR G Mansa Gnseehance icin AREA aRA a IS a 59
RoruscHILD, “IsAac, Election of ..11, 153
—,K nrollment of, as life member. i, 249
RovuLerre, Primitive use of...... iv, 189
Rounpy, D. C., Abstract of eaeae:
SIOMMyeeee ene Vet Sat enia eae areas iy | ae)
—— HL ECELOM) Ofer. A wise ieatiteleae sty 10)
—, Record of paper by........... le» ate
Rowe, Joun, Election of ..... i, 80; ii,
FRO GE es UES a Nears rahe for ctets Ne 205
Rusus irae. “Oneurrence OfeelinZo9
== WUERONUS), == ances wees sn ea a 151
— occidentalis, ail al as chant otto: i, 157
— strigosus, ——..... ote on els WOM
— triflorus, — —............+..ill, 169

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page
Rusus villosus, Occurrence of...... i, 157
RupDBECKIA occidentalis, ——...... i, 151
—hirta, ——..... aden eee i, 159
Rouppy Section! ath. see eee v, 101
2RUELLIA ciliosa, Occurrence of ....i, 160
Rumex brittanicus, — —.........- i, 162
— maritinus, ——...... . Ud ee
— obtusifolius, ——........+.05- Wen 2H
RUNGE, Henry, Election of....... rn LeNT at
Ruso, H. M., Valuable donation
DY ad id ck Bae ee eee wot ils!
Rusu, WriiriaM, Collection by....v, 64
RussELL, Epwarp, Election of....i, 18
—, Valuable donation by.... ..ili, 53

Russe.t, Mrs Epwarp, Election of.ii, 4

Russta, Donations from....... ili, 24, 42
Rornr, J. F., Reference to work of,
on Solpneideeeeeeeeeee Feit pracy

Ryan, E. H., Election of.....:..1v, 22

SAGIPrARIA cristata, Occurrence of,

iv; 27,29

— heterophylla, — —...... i, 163; 11, 259
— variabilis, — —.......... .1, 148, 168
SAHAGUN, BERNARDINO DB, cited on

pease, eas iis sunt, sal}
Sanacroux, A., Reference to work

of, on Solpugidee BE Ck HEE cis ili, 291
Satrx alba, Occurrence of +. eee i, 168
— lucida, = =... an ee elo re li, 126
— myrtylloides, ——. .......... LV) 20
— NOTA; —— 2 ea nase one 1, 163
— petiolaris, — —.............. ma toy a
— —, Vernal appearance of...... aM 134
— sericea, Occurrence of. ..i, 163; 11, 126
SALPINCTES obsoletus, ——.......- "s 157
Saur marsh’ in Kanisasiee essere aly oe.

SamBucus I Occurrence of.i, 158
—— pubens, —— — 35) eee i, 158
SAMIA cecropia, — —.1,177; 11, 17, 142,192

— gloveri, Streck. (The larva of);
HprMan StRECKER.......... ui, 276
Sammons, StreveN, Valuable dona-
tions, by... . scheme ii, 183; iii, 18
San GABRIEL RIVER, Aboriginal
PALMNCIN CS (ODE eee iv, 109
San Marcos pass, ——~—........ i, 107
SancuHes, Jesus, Election of...... ii, 232
Sanpers, Atrrep, Agency of, in
founding the Academy. eee ni, 193
—, Collections lonye ees hots)

—, ’ Reference to work of. ii, 8, 121; ; 111, 195
—, ’ Valuable donation Diyenmees Vv; 235
Sanpers, E. B., Election of.......v, 232

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS

Page

Sanpers, Jutta E., Appointment of,
on standing committee. ili, 161;

=. Compilation: bys. .: Js. <2 22
—— MleetlOmeOter aes chee = fbb sect 11,

159

— — —aaslibrarian...... rity WIL Tye IAL
—, Reference to work of... .iii, viii, 247
—, Report of, as librarian ....iv, 11, 215
EMRE, TOs tote 78 Saale ct iii, 250
Sanpers, Mrs M. A., Appointment of,
on standing committee. i, 6, 80, 219
—, Collections by Wiaea ork Reese: rH ag
—, Mi ethion Of sade denne: ails teil)
— — — as honorary member..... eee Be
—, Enrollment of,as life member. v, 223
—, Exhibition by ae aR, 69 RS Mee 8
—, ’ Record of election of......... ii, 198
—, Valuable donations by....... i, 216;
li, 54; ili, 59, 95
—, Work of, with Centennial Asso-
GleUGLOMMON ye cee evs see li, 66
Sanps, M., Election of ..... eect i, 64
—, Valuable donation by....... ili, 3
SANDSTONE structure ina mound.iv, 210
SANDWICH ISLANDS, Voleanoes of
LELIVES A ea ed in Ae ag Scaee V5. 23
Sanrorp, O. N., Acknow ledgment
WO) Sox Ska tacts ete Pee ee eens EVE OD
SANGHR, o- J. lolection Of... 2... - reel
SANGUINARIA ’ canadensis, Occurrence
Olle Sao an Ceca eer 1, 154
— —, Vernal appearance of...... Hi, Ls:
SANGUINOLARIA sanguinolenta, Occur-
HEMGCE Ofte avs sav: mveuadiive ls ees li, 247
SANICULA canadensis, ——........ i, 158
== marilandica, —.—...2...-..+..+- i, 158
SANTA BARBARA, Aboriginal paint:
iLiAPETSU AAV STE) ee eee Ree notuae Sar rar eeu eer iv, 105
SAPERDA vestita, Occurrence of.....i, 172
SApPRINuS fraternus, ——......... ‘of
ORATOR == —— ae Ana pinbic i, 199, 203
— pennsylvanicus, — —........... ie AUrAY
== plents, = eee eens: 1, 199; 203
OT LGTISIS: = 05, eee ols 1, 179, 190
SARGENT, CHARLES SPRAGUE, Refer-
ENCEMO WOLK! Oli cayvsictalereisiers iv. 245
SARRACENIA purpurexe, Occurrence
Olid aterm See eee i, 154; ii, 34
SASKATCHEWAN, Botany of sola . 29)
Satyrus alope, Occurrence of ..... i, 175
— charon, ——.......... 1, 185, 189, 197
pare UE Cc aR cok why cs A weds i, 175
Saunpers, T..J., Election of ...... i, 15
SaunpeErs, WILLIAM, — —....... li, 13
Saussurgé, Henri pe, cited on dis-
CHSCED Hcp Pre ciate ten eens 3 ili, 124
mS CUIO IA Ole creris cit ne oars iii, 81
—, Valuable donation by.......iii, 3
[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.]

”?

o

YOLUMES I-V. 35

Page

Saviany, JULES ChsAr, Reference to F
work of, on Solpusidee. li, 284, 285
Sawyer, C. N., Acknowledgment to.v, 81
Sawyer, F. C., Collections by..v, 61, 65*

SAXICAVA subovata, Occurrence of. Vin ak
SAXIFRAGA westivalis, steers a. aise sale i 149
— pennsylvanica, —— ........... 1, 157
SAXINIS Saucia, — —......... , 190, 200
Say, Tiromas, cited on Guibsten li, 39
—, Collection Dyan Skee iii, 251
Reference to work of, on Sol-
PLOT Boies. sone, Soper rere ili, 287
Sayornis phebe, Occurrence of ...v, 18
ScALARIA angulata, — —...11, 240; \ 7, 98
= OLR ih rare tha Leels is eons v, 58
— candeana, — —..........0.-4- Vv, 98
SAD ROYKON Gs = — Soy Hehe as Blots ale v, 98
— ebUTNed, — — 2... eee ee eee Vv, 08
— fragilis, ——.. 2... cee eee eee Vv, 908
— hotessieriana, — — : DNs.
— humphreysii, —— ............ vy, 08
— krebsii, —— ........... Heine v, 58
SLCC haan nd eee ea li, 240
=== MULLER UMC etait oye seas li, 240
UC INUES Se os eich Wha ROE nue ep ene v, 98
SCAPHISOMA convecum, ——...... i, 170
ScaRivEs subteraneus, — —........ i, 169
Scepsis fulvicollis 4 eM
SCHAAFHAUSEN, Hera ANN, fiaae ‘on
Indian customs ...........- lii, 123
Scuapt, Conran, Acknowledgment
LORS eee a he re ee VA teil
ScnHarer, WILLIAM, ——......... i, 110
SCHEDONNARDUS fe: ranus, Noteon.iv, 73
— —, Occurrence of............ iv, 67
ScHEUCHZERIA palustris, — —....1V, 27
ScnILuine, P. $., Reference to work
of, on Solpugidee We ASE OR ras ili, 292
Sonmnta guinare, Founding of spe-
(CHIC Presi cue eee ey eS Ar ieut li, 274
Scurzopiastus inelo, Notes on struc-
LADDREON a hina A ESA ICRI UespI Sh cue iv, 80
ScHLEGEL, E., Election of....... iii, 146
SCHLIEMAN, Henry , quoted on Egyp-
Gian MIStOnyAC Aes 1, 124
—, Reference to work of........ iv, 283
ScHLIMMER, F., Certificate from. .ii, 98
Scumipt, CuAruxs, Election. of...1i, 118
Scumipt, Emin, ——-........:.. iii, 66
—, Valuable donation by....... ube
Scumipt, F. T., Election of...... lili, 94
Scumipt, Orro, ——............ itp es.
Scumipt, W.O.,——........ evra N55,
ScHorrerR, ——, Collection by... .14, 1389
SCHONBURGH, Rozerr, cited on he-
reditary ‘deformation ....... ili, 124
ScHooK, Oxtver D., Letter from, on
pipes and tablets: 20.4.0: LV; ole

[July 19, 1893]

.

354
Page
Scoootcrarr, Henry R., cited on
Grave creek SIRO}? (eee eee sgt pelle
— — — Indian art..... pase aided Vy 280
— — — primitive art........ oni, i4
— quoted on inscriptions........ ii, 104
— — — scientific evidence...... iv, 283
SCHRICKER! ©.) Jas eens li, 98

Scuricker, I., Certificate from...i1, 98
ScHw ap, Mavrice, cited on Grave

creek stone.........-.--4- al LOG
Scuwarpa, L. K., Reference to work

of, on Solpugide............1i1, 301
Science, Beneficence of.......... v, 242
“SciENCE,” Quotation from...... iv, 294
a , Record of letter from......... V, 237
Screntiric AssocraTion of Ric Se

MOND (THe), Letter from ....ii, 3
Scriua fraseri, Occurrence of...... i, 164
Scirpus fluviatilis, xe As festa li, 259
——lineatus, — — .. 22.2 s2 eee ales yeas 260
= ULILCNIS 5 |= — (ss toes ofS ne eae ee 67
— validus, —— ......... ie Gte ey.
ScoLEcoPH AGUS corolinas, — — . ee 138
Scorr county, Addition to flora of ii, 255
—, Inscribed stones from........ li, 142
Scorr, J.C., Letter from, on elephant

SOAS ese ace iv, 318
Scripner, F. L., cited on Schedon-

VON GUS ee Petas eee Seer yA lve we
ScROPHULARIA nodosa, Occurrence

pee LA ee Sonic aa se eee i, 160
ScuppeEr, Samvuet H., cited on grass-

hoppers. s.34 2o5- i, 251, 252, 258, 260
— Collection py: :!ix-2sken Wea: ili, 276
== JUN EGCLOM OI eyes “ecko oe ee eee li, 128
—, Memorial letter from...... Salty AAS

—, Reference to library of.......i11, 307
ScuppertiA curvicauda, Notes on...i, 262

Scunprure, Aboriginal .......... LV, Lol
ScureELLarta galericulata, Occurrence

Oleg eae nr ek Sets SE ees coke ib kop
— lateriflora, — —.......2226260- i, 161
— parvula, Description of species.ii, 260
— —, Occurrence of...... 1, 161; 11, 259
— versicolor, — —.....0...0.00ee ri 161
ScyMNUS nanus, ——.........--.4. iy dle
— puncticollis, ——..... .......4. hey IEG,

Sears, P. W., Acknowledgment to.v, 81

SEA-SHELLS from mounds .. i, 108, 114,
119, 136; ii, 223, 225; i 148, 153

Sepa, ALBERTUS, Refer ence to work

of, on Solpugide Rey eae terete Ae iii, 280
Secreraries, Reference to repor Me

Giese mace ete Bet atoee ay ate 1115)2,,12
SEcrRETARY’S reports.......1i, 56, 64, LL,

918, 254: iii, 14, 96,97, 148, 149;
iv, 10, 214, 235 ; v, 196, 209, 235, 264
Sucrion, Artesian well........-. ii, 181

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Secrion of the bluff at Sixth street,

Davenport; W. H. Prart...iii, 127
—, Organization of geologic..... iii, 105
—, Report of biologic ........ ‘spills CLA)
SEcrions, Creation of geologic and

archeologic . wie ie pe ili, 81
—, Geologic 22.12. civ. a iii, 164; v, 101
—, Organization Of: eee ii, 11, 70, 76

—, Reference to work of..... iii, 3, 103
SrppacH, Karu von, cited on crin-

Od ...4-..4 s).0k see ee ey 1S
SEGMENTINA armigera, Occurrence

AS li, 13, 14, 18
SEILA terebrale, — —.........5+0% v, 60
SErluRvs aurocapillis, — —........¥, 160
— motacilla, ——....... <a eee OS
— noveboracensis, — =). eee ee
SELAGINELLA rupestris, = See! iy, / 67
SELANDRIA nubilipennis, — —..i, 188, 206
SELENOPHORUS «areus, — —........ i, 178
— pedicularius, ——............ 40
SEMELE cancellata, — —.......... Were
— equals, — —!.a9. whee 5's Site ably 8
— lta, —— .........,.. eke eee ii, 248
— obliqua, — —........ 3s ofarse SLSR
— reticulata, — —.........- = ae
— variegatum, —— ........+4.. A 252,
Semori.us atromaculatus, — —..v, 77, 80
SENECIO aureus, — —......1, 159; 11, 126
— fremontii, ——..... ieee .1, 150
— lugens, Description of species. viii, 171
— —, Occurrence\Gf 4-22 neem ili, 170
— palustri 1S i rete t iv, 27

SEQUOYAH, Syllabeee of bce dae oat,| EEL

Sprica curvata, Occtirrence of. .- “ody 291
— frontahs, — — ....-.- Jit eee
— vespertina, ——..............-1, 171
SEroPHAGA ruticilla, — —........V, 156
Seve, Epwarp, Election of, as hon-

orary memiber., sj0.eneeenee a yee
Seyvrrarrn, G., cited on German an-

tiquities PP iy
— — — hieroglyphs............ iii, 78
—, Election of .\..222eeee Sate TL an
—, Record of communication by..ili, 99
— — — paper by ........ 22-5 eee v, 200
—; The Indian inscriptions of Day-

enport, lowa-.). ee eee Ml, 72
Seymour, J.S., Election of....... nigra bi
SHALER, NATHANIEL SOUTHGATE,

Election of:....2 22 eee Reger as bs)
Suanp, Mrs W. G., ——.......i1, 140
SHarFensurc,, H. G., Election

Of ate ot 2 Stic ee vee
SHaron, T. L., — —......-.. vee Vy, 202
Suaw, Frepman, Acknowledgment

£0)» soba od tes eee < oe oly 208

—, Resolution of thanks to.......i, 78

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
Suaw, Grorce, Acknowledgment
to. Sie caso Ce BRS OE CRORE fe TA
—, Reference to work of, on Sol:
[OW POE Ss ohne ak aoe eae ee lil, 284
—, neelnen of thanks to....... Poni ie:
Suaw, Henry, ————....... v, 246
SHaAw, JAMEs, Election of ....... ili, 13
Suaw, Tuomas, Reference to work
of, on Solpugidz........... iii, 279

SHaw, Wi IntiAM, Resolution of

eee. i, 127

ee PY ci cBarcs eee tushete SNS ‘iv, 115
SHELBY, HORT, Elistory Of. .5. 24: ui, 135
SHELDON, Davin Sytvester, Ac-

knowledgment EOae Phish ante iv, 254

Agency ‘of, in founding the

L\COV Gls 110 apes ae ae ee a ii, 193
—, Appointment of, as committee

on Signal Service ........ iv, 2, 223
— — — onstanding committee. .ii, 219;

iii, 67, 107, 161; iv, 12, 207, 240:

v, 200, 217

— cited on bark lice........ li, 297, 338
— Collections by. .i, 153, 177; ii, 18, 26,
122, 158

—, Election of, as director of mu-
SUID fe Bee ae enemies nyse we C
eh — PTENICONE ) 5.5 2. ante ae ied I
—— — — trustee......... 1; 2, Sous I, 1

—, Enrollment of, as life member. ii, 146

—, Letter of sympathy from .. viv, 223
EMIS TOMSMEMS Dyes erie inc Seiae Hi, 143
—, Memorial of; [C. C. pas may |
—— resolutions on......... sth 223,

See OTGEAlin Olas c: a Seen vas seo: v, face i

— — — presented to the Acad-_
CITY Me ae a Se ree Va 2s

—, Record of death of....... Vv, 233. 235

— — — election of, as president. .ii, 196
— — — exhibition lane oa ea ii, 14
—— — presentation by......... li, 205
—, Reference to memorial of ....v, iii
— — — portrait of. ..v, iv, 236, 267, 270
— — — work of................ Sh 2
—, Report of, as committee on ani-
waz GANVINGS, ChE. Ac 5.5.) = « iv, 248
—— by, on investigating commit-
oy 1 RE a, eee v, 220
—, Resignation of, as president...i1, 13
— Resolution byes see.c .c.2--- = Vv, 222
—, Valuable donations by. .1, 217 ; ii, 54;
2 Wort bey Laks:
SHeLpon, Mrs Davip SYLVESTER,
Bleuiion GOC seis nk eee - De fAG)
Enrollment of, as life mem-
| Oe ee ee By Perec. ally WO

|
|

SHELDON, GrorGr, Letter from, on
pipes and: tablets. ..2.... ..-< iv,
SHELDON, S. G. F., Acknowledgment

SHELL bed, Human remains from a.i,
— beds (The) of the vicinity of Da-
Venport, Welle PRATT See. roe
= (Description of a Unio) found on
the south bank of the Missis-
sippi river, opposite the Rock
Island arsenal, in 1870; W. H.
EP RUAUID Sd we ea Ory es se Speci
— money and other primitive cur-
rencies 2 Ws He-PRATES. 24°. ii,
— mounds (Some notes of personal
investigation ae the) of
Florida; W. W. CALKINS. .. -1i,
SHELLS (Catalogue of ihe marine) of
Florida, with notes and descrip-
tions of several new species;
WER WE COATING e515 tro Gee ee Hi,
— (List of land and fresh-water)

found at Davenport, lowa; W.

ER RRAMTES eyes ts Ac ss eae Is

—, Marine, from mounds... .i, 108,
THOS 136 at 238 220/20 148,
SHEPARD, CHARLES UpHaM, Election
Qld tla ge ae oa elevate ili,

—, Valuable donation by.. sale

SHEP: arD, CHARLES UPHAM, Justor,

Election ORL P Css Steak eee eae lil,
Sueparp, Marta, Valuable donation
ON ena Bs aoe ery eee we lv,
SHERIDAN, GENERAL Priuie H., —
Sh SE ea ee ASG ii,
SHerman, 8S. S., Acknowledgment
iO rcs a hoe So apc k yates cee il,

Snerman, Mrs W. B., Election of. ii,

s, 4

SHimexk, Bernarp, Valuable dona-

WOME Dy so aa oes ore eee Ve Ze

Suimer, Henry, Election of..... ili,
Sumter, Sauer, Acknowledgment

DO wees ce alsa alse syeusiseerche Mares il,
Saipp, ——, Election of......... ili,
Snort, Joun T. . cited on antiqui-

OST Oa nt ck Oster ake eee lv,
— — — elephant pipes.......... ly,
— — — Indian culture.......... 1V,

— quoted on scientific evidence. iy,
SHortia galacifolia, Discovery of. .i1,
S1osHont names for insects... ... a
SHower (Meteoric); W. H. Prarr.i,

SHroyer, J. E., Election of ...... ile
—, Valuable donation yaa tins: ill,
SHumacHeEr, Leo, Election of..... il,
SHumARD, Bensamin F., cited on

blastoidse cerca eee iv,
So CE MORA Sy Fe owt cigar Ue iv,

395
Page
508

81
42

156

356

Page
SIALIA mexicana, Occurrence of...v, 161
BLAIS, PRE nigh. ite aos we Oe Oe , 161
SIBERIA) (BOTAN YIOI. conbe soi. i 29

Sickets, Mrs Rosert, Election of.i, 80
Sicyos angulatum, Occurrence of...1, 158
Srpe-pLatTe, Morphologic definition

CUE glic Cee etd oe nee eas iy Gh
Siepoip, C., Reference to work of,

on Solpugidee Pa Ne amedere ry 297, 302
Stec, Artce, Enrollment of, as life

tember.) ...o blatlirey A OW iv, 249
SrerrA Nevapa, Flora of the..... v, 169
SIGARETUS mac ~ulatus, Occurrence

ORe so ee ero uc Che sti 239 ; 7, 6
— perspectivus, ——....... il, 9392 \ Vv 56
Si@NAv Service, Action concerning

TNE ay ris SIS SO Er Meh: Lvs 223
Sianoret, V., Acknowledgment to.ii, 341
— cited on Aspidiotus ancyclus... ii, 347

— — — bark lice. ii, 297, 302, 306, 316, 338
— quoted on work of Emily A.

OPAUUTH OL T Senr thy Saas Cad 3 a 296
SILENP antirrhina, Occurrence of. .ii, 255
SUA SIL fs ot os eater z 150
AUN Ey a oe aes he ayes oe 1, 155
— noctiflora, ——........... Soo vpn pe bi3)
SrLIQuaria divisa, ——.......... ii, 248
DUO —— nein) Lae Res eee li, 248

Siuuick, A., Resolution of thanks to.i, 78
SILORATO, Prerro Bernapo, Election

OLE Cie eee Se aie er ae v, 222
SILPHA americana, Occurrence of. .i, 170
== MGR GUUIS a 0b isl se alec owl e 10
—laponica, ——..... eerie i, 190
— marginalis, — —.............- iu al)
—= MOATGINAIA, — —. 2. eee ees i, 202
=I (ULOS( l= (seh ul eats adel Nate he i, 190
— velutina, — —....... Le 2 eit i, 170
SrupHium integrifolium, — —...... i, 159
— perfoliatum,— —..-.2..6.0.00. i, 159
— trifoliatum, — — ............. iii, 169
SILveR from mounds......... LAT ISS
Simon, Eveene, cited on classifica-

tion of Solpugide ..........ill, 261
a PY OEAINES 0 he oreiste Seco hae iil, 266

—— OOllechion DY... 2 .~shissie ‘iii, 267
_—, ’ Elec AUREL ON ee Spe a eR Oe LY lil. - 82
Reference to work of, on Sol-

WUSIAe ee a eh 8 ili, 301, 302, 304, 305
SIMpson, , Acknow ledement

NO)8 See PR ie Nein eile tions seth ee li, 342
SIMPSON, ‘Cirarirs TIA ee ;

to the mollusca of Florida... . v, 45
—, Election of........ Shes eae v, 228
—, Record of papers by...... v, 232, 268

—, Valuable donations by... “Vs set 235

Cd MOL A a EN Shits teehee ly, 104

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

SrpHONARIA alternata, Occurrence
(0) ME A say VE,
— bifurcata, ——......... ship alee),
— lineolata, — —........ sn Nis he
SISYMBRIUM canescens, — —.......1, 155
— officinale, — —....-....- era ibe 39,
Stsyrincutum bermudiana, — —...1i, 164
Srrra canadensis, — —..... ft Dee los
— carolinensis, — —.. ...........V, 158
Srtum lineare, ——...... igen ¥ 158

SkeLerons from mounds. i, 107, 118 ; Le
28, 83, 93, 141, 154, 220, 292 : ili, 70,
71, 89, 90, Li 36, 141, 147, 187; v, 39,

40, "44, 110
——Ohio........... Pic li, 138
— — shell mounds........... 2 eile 20

SKENBEA sulcata, Occurrence of....v, 61

Sxercu (Biographical) of Dr Robert
James Farquharson; W. D.
MIDDLETON ..... ROMA Ags.” -1Y, 201

Skinner, W. J., Election of.......1, 81

SKINNER, Mrs W. J, eee Bie tar 5

SKULLS ( As study of) and long bones
from mounds near Albany, Ih-

nois; R. J. FaRQUHARSON ....i, 114
— and sel (A recent find of) ;

in Ohio ; SD. PEED) es enlaces
— from mounds Pe ae Ait Pd (5 101, 140
—, Remarks on...... Seda hd SI
Smenner, A. E., V aluable donation

DY s.. 2:20 byt. NA
SMERINTHUS exccecatus, Occurrence

Of ee antes od let ee
— geminatus, — —........ i, 176; ii, 191

SmerHam, RIcHarp Oy ee
cences of); C. C. Parry.....v, 205
—, Election of. es i
-- Enrollment of, as life member. iv, 249
—, Notice of death of. .
—, Poem by; . 22252. eee bay Seema
—, Reference to memorial of..... Ve eee
, Dribute*to 7. soeseaee :
-- ay aluable donation by Reet iv, 223
SMILax her bacea, Occurrence of .. .i
Smirn, EMiny A. Acknowledgment
BPS A 3 1 iy eee
— cited on Aspidiotus ancyclus... ii, 347
— — — bark lice. . . ii, 296, 302, 308, 310,
313, 325, 338, 340

— — — enemies of ——....... ee 334
—, Collection by..... PM et tha seaeeeOp
—, Hlection -of..:/.2eeeeee ree at 153

— ‘quoted on remedies for bark lice.i 1, 337
—, Record of communication from. il, 143
— — — lectures by .........il, 165, 207

—, Vote of thanks to........... .li, 166
Smirn, Erminnre E., Review of me-
moir by SEEM oo sc elata/ 2 eae enone

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
Surru, H. D., Acknowledgment to.v, 81
Suir, H. H:, Election of... .2- ill, 161
SMITH, Henry F., ae oe lili, 95
Surv, HERMAN, — —.........-- v, 229
Smira, JAMES R,, mentioned in Put-
nam genealogy Pen Gis kee ii 199
SMITH, Lyra, Marriage Of stoked:
Farquharson ach) Se eerie Ase iv, 202
Suir, M. R., Record of communi-
cation by ss cr Ee eRe u, 148
Surry, Orro, Acknowledgment to.i, 118

—, Appointment of, on ‘conference

COMMUTE CH ark essere eke cee een ian 2S
Smirn, Rose, Election of ........ iv, 229
Smiry, 8. ie Appointment of, on

finance committee .......... oe OZ
PAE CHOM OL. t~ 51 oo kes 5% li, 127, 164
—, ’ Valuable donation Dye ee (Gil
Sire, Mrs - F., Election of..... li, 164
Smrpn Ss. Ue, ste etl eet li, 128
SmirH, SANFORD, Resolution of

MRCS. Sue, aah dap ene
Suita, W. C:, Election of ....... IV 227,
So W.R.—— .. fee. e ee ii, 26, 135

, Valuable donation by........ ii, 81
Saeeee W.S., Election of ....... Se 173
SMrrita johanna, Occurrence of ..v, 107
— multiradiata, ——............ ti 107

SmIrHsoNIAN Iystrrurron, Acknowl-
edgments to.1, vill; 111, vili, 91, 135;
ay 298

—, Correspondence with........ iv, 342
—, Laws relating to ............ i iv, 330
— ; Policy Obee sat ys tekst ake 2 ly, 299
—, Record of letters from .i, 52, 72, 74, 76

—, ’ Reference to work of........ lil, 155
—, Valuable donations by... 1,225) 224 -
ii, 60: iv, 25

Smucker, Isaac, ———........ ili, 351
SMYLACINA racemosa, Occurrence of.i, 164
= SHEULONG, = as cle tae Seon vied Stas i, 164
SNAKE RIVER, Features of ....... tui, 84

Sniper, W. H., Election of...... LVS os,
Snow, F. H., cited on Solpugidee.ili, 258
—, Collections by........ii, 184; iii, 275

=e LECHIOMEOLe ence teen ass 2a i, 128
SNYDER, J. F., Letter from, on pipes
Bie ribleta sont. 0! iv, 319
Socreries, Episodes in the history of
STASI UUM aie he et he Vv, 239
DOUE AM CIO Gee ae acte nie te nee ws, «ld : 97
SoLANUM nigrum, Occurrence Om eos Lot
— rostratum, Description of ia
ClO Semele en Se ee nen te Si iy, 69
— —, Occurrence of ...... Bee pan
SoLecurtus divisus, ——......... Mal
— gibbosus, —— ..... 2... ee Val
SoLEN viridis, ——........ li, 248; v, 71

S50
Page
SoLmpaGo canadensis, Occurrence of.i, 159
— gigantea, — —....... 2... eee eee 1, 159
— lanceolata, — tar ee aes te ata 1, 159
eR IN | ene ae a Se er ee i, 159
= LP CSUIIS im cas arava salle are i, 159
==! SCROUNO, = are DLs oe i, 159
= ULI OUUD eo oa ota wines As i, 159
SotpuGa, Abandonment of genus.ili, 251
Sotpucip®, Bibliography of..... i, 279
—, Definition of family......... ili, 250
—, Investigation of ............. il, 209
= NO LEVON nie eo ae yt ae li, 184
(The) of America; J. D. Pur-
ING 2) ete bere ot oven ts aoteeers lil, 249
Somatoayrus depressus, Occurrence
(Che Rie Seeeninrdtnes Aete ied SE rewstre ec Pakog
= NSONONUS, Beh he ose oe ALG
Somers, W. D., Election of........ is pee
Soncuus oleraceus, Occurrence of. .1, "156 ie
TH 259
SonnInt, C.S., Reference to work of,
on Solpugidie SIS oot ili, 283
Sorsus americana, Occurrence of. .i, 149.
Soro, FERNANDO DE, cited on copper
implements BP Roos ieee ee ie 127
, Reference to explorations of. .iv, 322
Soon America, Donations eon 3
—, Lastarrizea from Dye UR eee v, 36
—, *Platisof si. 2 ain Dean igs ond ots
—, Relations of races in......... iv, 288
—, Solpugidee from......... ili, 252, 268
SoutTnHatt, James C., cited on an-
fqiUiLeH aa ae Ne a cicke. Eos lv, 277
SoutHwEL Lt, J. H., Election of....ii, 28
SowasH, JosHuA A; ” Acknow ledgment
ON er SecA ho runic richs i, 110
SPARGANIUM eurycarpum, Occurrence
(GE Setar Rr eee eR ene ot i, 163
Sparks, JARED, sponsor for Squier
and Davin. +... 5, eee lv, 289
Spatu.a clypeata, Occurrence of. ..v, 117

Spectres, Abandonment of. .
Vi2S2oletve, ole 72:

jail 26 sein
r, 21, 28, 60,
189, 191-193

—, Correction of. ii, 221, 260, 288; iii, 172;

V, 27, 28, 35, 71*, 172, 198

= Deeradation Of. 42 22-0 -eeeee vey lias

—, Descriptions (including found-

ing) of. .i1, 37, 167, 168, 201, 210, 211,
252-956. 5 pilitectele 268 ; 11, 35, 124, 126,

189, 221, 239, cee 250, "260, 261, 270-

272) 274, 283 287, 293, | B02 eit.

LL bai: 55 261, Srl. 1V, 8 29,

33-36, 38, 40, 51-63, 69, 70, 84, 8s, 91,

93, 95, 100; v, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, 14,

28, 33, 34, 36, 4, 69 tL 12%, 168; 172;
173, 175, 176, 192-194

—, Modification of.........-.- v, 14, 170

DAVENPORT ACADEMY

358

-

Page
Sprecres, Naming of.1, 193 ; 1i, 22

atte re
—, Notes on.1, 37, 38, 147. 151, 173, 187,

198, 201, 249- 266; 1i, 9, 10;,22,23, 35,
134, 135, 184, 190, 206, 220, 230, 239,
252, 264, 276, ‘291, 302, S34, sia 340,
346; 111, 67, 172, 253, 254 ; 7, 65, 13-
75, 80, 211; v, 59, 65, “Oe, ; “he 147,
168-174, 187-192
= REGEMMIbIONIOla cee ec Taw ae iim ales
—, Redescription of........... Vv, 10, 27
—, Revision of...iv, 98; v, 10, ue 27, 28,
34, 55, 176, 172, 191, I 93
—, Transfer of... .11, 125, 156; Y, 26, |
3), 170
SpEcuLARIA perfoliata, Occurrence
Glee hers ceehape id side see OES i, 160
SPENCE, WILLIAM, Reference to work
of, on Solpugidee. . lll, 285, 288, 292,
294, 298
SpeRMOPHILUS franklinii, Occurrence
Gleydeteycesh wieinmeeee oie hele ii, 80
Spuarium wintaense, Founding of
BPEGION uhhes 6c pecaiers vente ierspers REA te.
— occidentale, Occurrence of....... i, 166
— partumewm, —-—...... 1, 166; v, 65*
—= TOSACEWM, — —.. sees ceeceetees i, 166
- solidulum, i rita lated SES NS i, 166
== SEOAUNR EWI, = — ie sae lalate we aye i, 166
— striatinum, ——........ 1, L6G seas elle
— sulcatum,— —,... 0.8.0. eee eee 1, 166
== Ur ONSVETSUM, — —— 6 oie ens 4 e)o)-\ 166
SPH ARANGEMON quale, Notes on. .i, 257
eshte teva da Gye ogre hee O57
Sunvonmancs melanocephalus, Oe.
GUUGEPETI COX Ob a sis ifele setae lis
== (OCNTEUS, === ==, Ohi. oe, Woe hoe i, 204
— parvulus, ——..... Sreubiger ne eae elie
Se NLUKE US ina es ards wig Gane edaiieln sietin Ia i, 190
SpHex ichnewmoneus, — —....1, 194, 208
— leviventris, = —........56. i, 194, 208
Spuineip®, Indian name for..... i, 192
SpHINX cinerea, Occurrence of... .ii, 191
= JORMA — 0. Sacaye ee elena 8 ele li, 191
SPH@RALCEA acerifolia, — —...... 1, 146
SPHYRAPICUS varius, — —........ v, 132
Sprpers, Record of paper on..... LV, 2a
Sprtosoma datipennis, Occurrence
Olen stAry sts aoa Mabe bts Mover cares i, 192
— virginica, — —...... nae He ii, 192
Spink, GeorGce H. , Election of . eile eh)
SPINK, DEEN se siete ash ee TenbO
—, Record of exhibition by...... li, 224
SpPInus pinus, Occurrence of ...... v, 141
=P SHB AEs sio tes etebea aye ie <iobe v, 141
Sprracte, Morphologic definition
Old Solaray ere om cote eevee 18
Sprrm®A aruncus, Occurrence of...i1, 259
— cexspitosa, Notes on ...........- re alia

OF

NATURAL SCIENCES.
Page
SprrxA opulifolia, Occurrence of. .1i,
— salicifolia, ——........ 3 abate nee i 157
SPIRANTHES ‘gracilis, — i ccla sce OW

Sprrirera (On the synonomy of two

species of); S. A. Mitumr....ii, 220
— atwaterana, Naming of spe-

Ciesis% ie. ie eee ieee eee
— cyrtiniformis, Occurrence of....v, 108
— disjuncta, — —.......... ..v, 103, 108
— fimbriata, — —....6.+-se5- ober v, 108
— hungerfordi, — —..... 12+... -v, 108
— maebridea, — --.........+++-6 v, 108
— opimus, ——...... o5 2s eee ili, 107
— orestes, = =. wecn as oe EE v, 108
— penata, Definition of species . . is 221
— sub-attenuata, Occurrence of... .11, 266
— subundifera, — —........- sks ee 266
— whitneyi, — —........ ino SEL
— ziczac, — —...... shgenieor nee ote SVMF
SPIRORBIS arkonensis, — —.......V, 107
— omphalodes, ——..... ones v, 107
SprruLa peronii, ——...... li, 234; v, 49
SPIZA americana, ——........... v, 146
SPIZELLA monticola, — —......... v, 148
— pallida, — —.......... I
— pusilla, — i nies 52 ee steele v; 143
— socials, = =. 4h.) ene v, 148
SPONDYLUS croceus, ——......... Vai cer
— gedaropus, — —.........+.40% ii, 243
— spathuliferus, ——...........- v, 70*
SPRING LAKE Villa, Utah, Insects

from. ..>. . nee eee 1, 193
Springer, Frank, cited on blas-

toldS. 4..00..%.. sae N45 0 Cel
— — —crinoids ............... iv, 102
Squimr, EpHramt Gerores, cited on

Grave creek stome .....-.-.. ii, 106
— — — Indian art ..5 2.3. -2oeee iv, 289
—— ——customs............. dy alles
— — — prehistoric cloth......... i, 128
—— — primitive weaving....... i, 132
— — — relations of Indians..... iv, 296
— — — turquoise.............. iii, 115
— quoted on absence of mounds

from floodplains......-... arr Be
— — — antiquities............. iv, 288
——-— relations of mound-build-

CTS: | doses. Yio iv, 256
SqurrreL, Hibernation of the....ii, 80
Sracuys palustris, Habitat of ....ili, 172
— —, Occurrence of ............. 1, 161
SraGMOMANTIS dimidiata, Notes on. 1 249
Sra, C., cited on erasshoppers... , 2ol
STANLEY, Henry M.,, Reference 6

work of......<s.0) eee iv, 283
Sranron, E. A., Election of ...... v, 229
STAPHYLEA tr ifolia, Occurrence of .i, 156
STAPHYLINUS vulpinus, —— ..... Kis 170

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

Page
“ Srar oF Woopiawn,” Account of
INCRE RET Ta ot Sear nertie sche iii, 200
—, History — —............... ii, 232
Srark, Joun, Reference to work of,
Ontsolpucidie ss o5< . ct: ili, 288
Srarr, Freperick, Election of...v, 229
—; lowa thunder storms—notes for

the summer of 1887......... v, 81
—; Mound explorations in north-

western Iowa...... RRS: ve LO
—, Proposal from, concerning thun-

MIGTEGOTOAS a ya cacao 0 v, 259
—— to publish paper by ....... Vv, IV
—, Record of communication from. v, 260
— — — letter from ............. v, 230
—— — papers by .......... v, 208, 268
— — — report a Uf oe eee ena v, 265
Srarr, W. H., Valuable donation

Bates cory, eng. Sb cas ili, 3
SrauprneEr, Orro, Collection by.ii, 273
STAURONOTUS elliotti, Notes on..... i, 259
STEARNS, FREDERICK, Record of let-

He TNO Mer. peyeie eevee) tes pie ape V,. 23
Srearns, Roperr E. C., ‘cited on Pyr-

gula CAROLS pare hes cae ie es)
—, Collection by......... LZ Savin Os
—, Dedication of species to ...... Wena
SMMC RIO: OF 2) a8 sy. sraars ear a cola, Wleete!
— quoted on shell money ....... ii, 41
-—, Redescription of species founded

[vara esas e oan eek Ge v, 9, 13

—, Valuable donations by ....i1i, 19, 31
STeeL, Caries F., Acknowledg-
ATTEN HUO as Seach cscs ce erche ia oes ll, 1V

Srerren, Herman, Election of....v, 232
SrernHaur, Henry, Reference to

MONKS Ol tts WAL ion aster Aer Ra li, 206
Srerroxys hermanii, Notes on..... 1, 263
STELGIDOPTERYX serripennis, Occur-

METIGCLO lee yee aie ater ee ISNe v, 148
STELLARIA crassifolia, —— ....... i, 150
Stennett, W. H., Election of ..... ae
SrENOBOTHRUS car rpenter i, Notes on.i, 251
— coloradus, ——...... cristae etal OOM
— curtipennis, Se ate ei sibnotiievd anes a Zoe
STENOCHISMA cont?’ actium, Occurrence

(Oo othe, Ceo ee pee RU Sees epee v, 108
SrENOGYRA gracilima, ——..... v, 48, 67
—subula, ——...... pacha catea Ve] 40n Ok
SrENOLOLOPHUS anceps, —-—.....- i, 200
STENOLOPHUS conjunctus, — —.i, 169 ; ii, 10
= IM GUROSUS, 5 3 isin oad vl nis 173
— ochropezus, — —..........2-44- : 169
Srenopetmatus, Indian name for..i, 192
— fasciatus, Notes on......... i, 364, 266
STENOPHYLAX gilvipes, Occurrence

Clie rrresicy Wet clog cc 2 Pe hagitte.: i, 204
STENOSTOTA pergrata, ——........i, 180

Jay)
Page
Srent, SypNEy, quoted on Solpugi-

OP UaEE ONE . Acre cimnoe eS re Tid, - Dah
SrENuS, sp., Occurrence of ........ lines
STEPHENSON, JOHN, Election of...iv, 227
SrepHENSON, W.J.,— —.......-- in 9
STEREOCRINUS, Baie (revised) ; W

Ee Baise) occ «os eee iv, 102
—, Founding of genus........... li, 282
Ley BG Ib y= 25 Hin ew eee is 127
— triangulatus, Correction of spe-

CHES se ALOE oe li, 288
——, Founding ——........... it, 24s}
SELIG: Ee Hlechionvol: Ss. seee li, 146

, Letter from, on pipes and tab-

IGtS aie ane ree eae iv, 309
—, Record of letter from ........ atin ae
—, Valuable donation by....... lii, 19
STERN A forsteri, Occurrence of ....v, 115
STERNBERG, CHARLES lols. Collection

10), RGR ene Rane enn Bonk F v, 280
STERNIDIUS variegatus, Occurrence

Ol Bagh Gian a Reiein: tanowts oss.Ges i, 172
SrEvENs, Epwarp T., cited on primi-

five ‘elinrenty.. 2.4: 9. Some: u, 48
Stevens, 8S. T., Acknow ledgment

LO ino Sci eteyst eae eee i, 64
STEVENS, Winuraw C., Election of.v, 229
STEVENSON, COLONE L JAMES, cited

on, indian pottery. = .2:4.4% ili, 119
—, Reference to work of........ iv, 338
Stewart, J. R., Election of ....... ie tS
Stewart, Mrs J. W.,——...... ili, 68
Srrpoit, Isaac, ——............- i, 53
SiTBonD) J). Po Ne cis see Lie a
Srizoty, Mrs J. P., ——........ UE a Ce
STIFLER, , Record of memorial

Address biyanelt sess ies aoe il, 196

SrituMan, J. D. B., Election of...ii, 38
“STIMPSON SPECIMEN,” Description

OL Aen ata aah ee ii, 261

Stimpson, WILLIAM, cited on denti-
Flonos mollusks: ase Vi 4
— — — Florida shells........... Tie 22
— ——mollusks............./. v, 14
— — — oceanic currents ........ li, 251
—, Collection by ........... lll, 252, 264
—, Dedication of species to...... ii, 250
Srizus nevadensis, Occurrence of...i, 194,
206

Stockton, JoHN, mentioned in Put-
nam venealogy ESS Ey ce ii, 199

SroriczKa, F., Reference to work of,
on Solpugidee 3 dishes iver tes eee ili, 301

Srotpe, Hsarmar, cited on primi-

LUVGCOnG estes ahah mete se iv, 120
Srottzenav, H., Election of.....i1i, 178
Stotrzenau, H. §., Acknowledg-

MLGUGG) LOG. cs seg sate a ee ii, 81, 95

360

Page
Sro_tzenau, H.S., Certificate from. ii, 98
—, Discovery of elephant pipes

| tj gaa Sey Tee Cee goed 8 iv, ath 340
SroMATELLA picta, Occurrence of. . 63
STONE CIRCLES, — ==..........0:.- i 110
Sronr, Miss ——, Valuable dona-

Den DY 23 Shae eet ee eee itn, . ok
Stones (Description of some in-

scribed) found in Cleona town-

ship, Scott county, Iowa; J.

MGA BOTT Aine Sus AEA i, 142
Storms: C. H. PRESTON...)...5.... AT AAY)
—, Clas sification of....-.....--.- ¥; “63
STRAHLENBERG, ,cited on primi-

PAVE CATOME of Pana eae oe iv, 116
SrRANGALIA familica, Occurrence of.i, 172

Srrecker, Herrman, Acknowledg-
ments to...1, 174; li, iv, 123; iii, 31

—; Descriptions of some species and

varieties of North American

Heteroceres, mostly new li, 270
aa ol LTO) LG) ale uy Cee See ears eRe ae mie 25
—, Engraving by.......... 1, Vili; i, 72
meter PrOun 252s abs div. ii, 117
—, Memorial — —.............. Lit, 223

—; On some hybrids between Calli-

. morpha lecontei, Bdl., and C. in- | — campestris, — — .4,.5.5-0.05 Pe) edie:
terrupto-marginata, De Beauv., | = effusa, — == cs. epee v, 68
figured on. plate iy, figures 5, 6, | = lineata, — 1. eee ii, 132
{Seb Oe GI eas Be Read Ae ii, 275 | — luteola, — =... 52 eee VY, 68

—,.Reference to papers by ...... ii, 2 | — nutaltiand, — — —....... i, 167; ii, 132
—; The larva of Samia glover, | — obliqua, — i, 97, 167 ; 1i, 10, 14, ae
SUIRETO ee, OE aE mG ete SP OLee ii, 276 Vv, 4, 68
—, Valuable donation by........ iii, 31 | — ovals; ——.... 5 see 5 167
STREPTORHYNCHUS heed li Oc- | SuckLEY, GEORGE, cited on Indian
ROMLENCEION Fh. Woe nec bie , 103, 108 customs:..: 3. Sera iii, 124
Srrercu, R. H., Acknowle. ones Sup.ow, Miss P. W., Election of..i, 80
Moy Seek ue este i, 193 ; ti, 123 | Suxsporr, Carn'L,,— =e v, 259
—, Association with J. D. Putnam.i ili, 235 | Suxsporr, H. F., ——....2.02.. iii, 139
ST FAMECbLON OL bh. 25)2 so00 262-2 ii, 25 Suxsporr, WILLIAM, ——...... iii, 189
STRICKER, WILLIAM, — —....... v, 232 | Summers, LavurREt, Historical letter
SrrRIGILLA flexuosa, Occurrence of. li, 247 from :::./...-. 4 tae iii, 65
BOP NE al a olnicl ag ake ote ii, 247 | SumMit-pLatTes, Morphologic defini-
Sa IPUNY, a es htm Bea gale ae v, 63* fion of... ..2.!vee eee iv, 78
SrriGopERMA arboricola, ——..... i, 171 | Sun, Notes on eclipse of the.. ...i1, 27
Srrix pratincola, ——........... v, 128 | Sunpay, Opening of Academy on.iv, 240.
Srropiia labyrinthica, ——...... v, 47 | SunprEva.t, C.J., Reference to work
SrroprLocystrres calvini, ——.v, 104, 107 of, on Solpugide ..... heb Pe ZO9
STROMATOPORA alter nata, ——....v, 107 | Surroy, Grorce, Valuable donation °
— expansa,— —.. ..... eigae due wT A byeres cere al,
— inerustansy— —... 6. ele ee v, 107 | Swan, J. G., cited on Indian cus-
BPMN ag etal RS eck ato v, 107 fOINs -f... ... dese - feed
SrroMBus accipiter, — —..... li, 234 Swiney, Dantet, Collection by. JIN ae
= WUE, ae ek beeen 1) 23 —,E lection of ....... 4d sates eu eee
— — — —inshell mounds...... li, 228 | —, Record of lecture by 1.27. 3ae2 iii, 149
— bituberculatus, Occurrence of.. .ii, 234; Swivey, Tuomas O., Election of:.iv, 227
v, 46, 53 | Swrrs, Joun L.,; =~... 29
= COPMMUS, aie wa darn e vdeie Nei) 08 |= aluable donation by #¢..4 eae

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

SrrompBus gigas, Occurrence of, in
shell mounds. .ii, 228, 234; v, 46, 53
— pugilis, Occurrence of.1i, 234; v, 46, 53

STROPHIA incana, ——.........V, 48, 68
STROPHODONTA arcuata, ——..... v; 107
= CONDE, — = 4, eee oe v, 107
— .demissa, — — 5. 0s ne on ii, » 266, 268
— perplana, ——.......... , 266
— variabilis, — — ...........00 e 107
STROPHONELLA reversd, — —...... v, 107
Srrucrurrs, Aboriginal......... lil, 69
Sruart, R. C, Collection by .....v, 49
Srusss, C. H., ’ Letter from, on pipes

and tablets ; J. ..s4uje alee .iv, 308
Srunr, Aveusr, Valuable donation

DY .. 2 oes s.0) oe iy 22
STURNELLA magna, Occurrence of.y, 137
— — neglecta, — —.......1..4... v, 138
Stuyvesant, M..L., Election of ...1, 81
—, Record of lecture by.......... 162
—, Valuable donation by....... iii, 61
Sruyvesant, Mrs M.L., Election of.i, 80
—, V: aluable donation by see eee i, 217
St BSCRIBERS to vol. lil .........- lili, 313

Succinga avara, Occurrence of .i, 97, 167 ;
v, 68, 72*

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS

Page
SwitzeRLAND, Donations from. iii, 23, 41
Sycotypus canaliculatus, Occurrence

GON Pee ODE 5 Ug preeema bate Hs 286
SG I iO eh li, 236
— papyraceus, Uh aes eee 23
— — — —inshell mounds...... li, 228
— perversus, Occurrence of....... li, 236
— — — — in shell mounds...... li, 228
— pyrum, Occurrence of......... li, 235
— — — —inshell mounds...... li, 228
SyLvanra canadensis, Occurrence of.v, 156
== MUUTOLO. = — eke es eee v, 156
— pusilla, —— ............ ..V, 156
SYMBOLISM, Ancient ............ iv, 126
SYMPHEMIA semipalmata, Occurrence

Ofte ie eh on ee eee Veli2o
Synriyris houghtoniana, — — ....i, 160
Se UU ULfU Cs Te . -s eee i, 150

Sypui.is, Evidence of prehistoric .1, ‘141;

}

|

VOLUMES I-V. 361
Page
TANDY, M.; .Mlection of .2...,-+.«- li, 202
—, Valuable donation by ....... a.
TANNER, FRANK B., Election of....1, 7
TARANTULA, Occurrence of......- li, 190
Taraxacum dens-leonis, ——...... i, 159
TASCHENBERG, C. L., "Reference to
work of, on Solpugidee Ser ae ili, 301
TATRAOPES femoralis, Occurrence of.i, 203
DATTOOINGS ImGianl. mee 2. oor iv, 17
= NOLES One a akin. Sele eee YnedlIl7:
Taynor, F.'W., Election of... -~- 1) oe
TAYLOR, Hawkrxs, Record of letter
frota seek bay ne Ce li, 254
TAYLor, Brees cited on tattoo-
Mees AN. eects iv, 117
TEBENNOPHORUS carolinensis, Occur-
TENCCIOLS 5 hs se oe ee v, 69
TECHENTIN, H. W., Election of....v, 247

Trecrarius muricatus, Occurrence of.v, 59

ili, 124 TrecumseEH, Reference to career of.ii1, 183
Syrnium nebulosum, Occurrence of.v, 129 | Tresr, J. S., Election of .......... ree lye
Sysrena elongata, ——........... i, 181 | TeLea polyphemus, Occurrence of. a WAGE
Szovirs, J., Reference to work of, on , 192
Solpugidee PRIS. Re Sivie titer iii, 288 | TererHorus bilineatus, ——...... @ 172
= LOM CS —— ho oh 21 aye severe 1 tat

— wnbecillis, — —..........--- oh, ay
TELLINA alternata, — —...i1, 247; v, 63*
| — braziliana, —— ..........564, li, 247
eT CUE POMS: —— rarest as bias = alto v, 63*
TaBanus, Indian name for....... i, 192 | —constricta, ——.....:....... li, 247
TABLE MOUNTAIN, Human _ bones | — decora, — —........... li, 247; v, 63*
[lhe 0 LUC ae ee a me ae iv, 276 | — elegans, — —.....:.20...... 5 Lea A
Tastet, Description of inscribed.ii, 223 | — gouldii, ——................. Wi, liye
—, Discovery — —.......65..-.: ii, 221 | — interrupta,— —..........2..... Mati
—, Donation — — .............. APG Wy UPR lla ii, 247; v, 72
= ER OMMETN OWN +2): eietec)ets See iii, 190 | —lxvigata, ——........ it) 252) va 63%
—, Reference to inscription on. ..ii, 290 | — lineata, —— ................. v, 63%
Tasers, Inscribed . iii, 72 ; iv, 246; Val). |)\ SOT — a as eae li, 247
——, and elephant pipes........ Ue Glee 20 TN EIN eA An he V5) it
——, Discussion of ....... li, 4 iv, 246° | == mera, — =. on. fo eee W603”

——, Finding of...... ii, 81, 96; iii, 154 | — polita, — —........... 1, 247 sv Gos
—7—— meterence to... -.. 4.) . -2-s li, 127 | — punicea,— —..... eter -v, 63*
— —, Vindication of..... iv, 246; v, 237 | — radiata, ——.......... li, 247; v, 63*
— (On the inscribed) found by | — souleyetiana, — —..... ....... Vp Gar
Reverend J. Gass in a mound == \SIPIAhGs, a ee ee Vv; G07
near Davenport, Iowa; R. J. — subradiata, — —.............. li, 247
BAR QUHARSON 20). o te cs il, 103 | — tampaensis, ——.......... Sa pelo
Tacuycinera bicolor, Occurrence | = FENENG: des See ee ee li, 247
1 Cee Rha inc - Sakae ae V3, 148) | = tumiday— — >. 52a. 8 lee v, 63*

TACHYS corax, ——.......... i, 200,202 | TempLte, Jonny», Acknow ledgment

See UILCUT US mae Beals iss ais oo ole i, 202 to. in ah eysoetste st bate eee ii, 342
— nanus, —— ....... Se Loess, 169) = , Election Of 223.2 or sae aco it Ae
TACHYTES abdominalis, — —.. i, 194, 208 TENEBRIOIDES dubia, Occurrence of.i, 170
TALINUM teretifolium, —— ...... li; 69> | — nigraias — —- 212 8 Se eee yd)
Tanacetum diversifolium, — —....i, 148 | TENEBRIONELLUS molitor, — —. sly dies
TANARTHRUs salicola, Description of "| == poscuntist—>—4 >a de eee i, 181
Species... 3 Ente es i, 201, 268 | TENNESSEE, Ancient pottery from.iv, 125
==) Mecurrence Of 5: c.660s aif 201 | —, Birthof R. J. Farquharson in.iv, 201

[Proc. D. A. N.S., Vol. V.] 46 [July 21, 1893]

362

Page
TENNEY, SANBORN, Election of... .ii, 128
—, Record of death of........... li, 210
TENTHREDO pectoralis, Occurrence
AGES fo ats ee PERU a Ste ieee i, 206
—— POR = is), se aiciee, ne i, 206
= wandus, — —. 2s. oe chee eee i, 206
TEPHROSIA virginiana, ——....... i, 156
TEREBRA dislocatus, ——......... Vv, 53
— protextum, — —........ ii, 250; v, 53
TEREBRATULA cubensis, ——..... li, 242
— navicella, ——........+-.2..0. v, 108
TEREBRATULINA cailleti, — —..... ii, 242
TEREDO navalis, ——............ li, 249
— norvegicd, ——..............- v; 70
TerRIAs lisa, ——......... 1,174; ii, 191
TERMES flavipes, — —............ rity li
Terry, JAmes, Record of letters
TV OU st ee see es ee ee IO nG7 70
TerrRaoPes annulatus, Occurrence
‘ithe both) SNS ee pee een i, 180
— femoralis, ——............ 1, 172, 173
Se WRTUMOT i Sasa she a no Poh ove i, 172
TEUCRIUM canadense, ——........ i, 160
Texas, Ancient pottery from....iv, 125
PD OUI Of; 0. 5.--. Sle les es i iv, 58, 2, 69
—, Butterflies from ............. O71
—, Horned toads —............. ii 22
Pe PUIESECES OF pao he leis. s hae ose li, 142
—, New mollusks from ........ v, 14, 33
—, Solpugide —........ ii, 184; iii, 251
TH ACKERAY, W. W. ialentiGn of. lv, 229
THALICTRUM anemonoides, Blossom-
aC ane aa ee ne 11,9, 135
— —, Occurrence of ............. rie aise!
COMMU te a wre wn 50:2 Ss Store os i, 154
— purpurascens, ——............ i, 154
THASPIUM aureum, — —..i, 158; iii, 169
THECKLA chrysalis, ——.........- 1 Og,
THELYPHONUS giganteus, — —....ii, 270

THIENEMANN, D. F. A. L., Reference
to work of, on Solpugidee. . . -lli, 288

THLINKETs, Weaving by ......... alot
THOMAS, , Election Ce) ane ese ili, 13
Tuomas, B. F, Je ae ter eerie eee vy, 209

Tomas, Cy RUS; Soe of orthoptera
collected by J. Duncan Putnam,
of Davenport, Iowa, during the
summers of 1872- 34 and 2.

Wyoming territori joa egies i, 249
—, Acknowledgment to.......... 1 LOS
-— OTACICTIZED (6 26 oe ss eo sive oe iv, 281
— cited on grasshoppers......... i, 265
— — — the elephant mound ...iv, 278
—=— —— verity Ofrelick... -2.), v, 219
= De es BY? Scere wet: . -lii, 267

; Description of a new species ae

Acrididze from Arizona...... , 124

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

Tuomas, Cyrus, Election of......ii, 25
—_ quoted on relations of mound-

builders. +7)...0. 206 Seeeee iv, 256

—, Record of correspondence with.yv, 205

— — — paper by............ ii, 71, 207

—, Reference to work of. .ii, 123 ; iv, 345

—, Valuable donation by...... iii, 60

TuHompson, ISABELLA, — —...... iv, 227
THompson, J AMES, Acknowledgment

tO'.'5. ste Sk oe eee iv, 254

—, Appointment of, on standing com-

mittee. .iv, 221, 240; v, 200, 217, 247

—, Hlection of... 2.450. i, 10, 81
-1v, 209, 221; fe 216

— — — — vice-president ....... , 240
—, Memorial address by........ i 212
— — resolutions by 2a Vv, 263, 279
—, Record of death of........... v, iii
— — — discussion by - 52-5. v, 233
— — — papers by ...........- 112407

iv, 249; v, 202
— — — remarks by..ii, 202; v, 230, 280
—, Report by, on investigating com-

mittee. ..\:..). tee eee v, 220
— — — — publication —........ v, 268

—, Resolutions by...... 1, 24, 28; v, 258
—, Tribute to Mary L. D. Putnam

by iu. ..38. eee iv, 226
—, Valuable donation by ...--2.: i, 217
THompson. JoHn W., Election

Of Sa. nes eee Ty, oath
THompson, THOMAS, —— ........ Acne
THOMPSON, WILLIAM, ——....-.. lv, 227

Tuomson, H. C., Election of.....iii, 68
THORBURN, J., Letter from, on pipes

and tablets PTA os: Ivey
—, Record of letter from ...... i203
THORELL, T;, Election of...... “0, (291
—, Reference to work of, on Sol-

pugide’..\... - 2): eeeeeeeeee iii, 302
THortNeTon, James, Resolution of

thanks to.;......c0s eee iy ~o2
—, Valuable donation by.-....... ii, 230
THORYBES pylades, Occurrence of. .ii, 191
THRACIA rugosa, —— ........... Riya
Turips, Remarks on. ....2..-96 viv, 2L1
THUJA occidentalis, Occurrence of. .i, 163
THUNDER STORMS, Towa ..... nae ee
THURBER, Grorce, Election of. . li, 128
— quoted on character of John Tor-

1?) Me 5 1,” 46
Tuyrevs abbotii, Occurrence of . ..ii, 191
— NESSUS, — —. 2.0... w cae cee ii, 191
TiysantA zenobia, — —....i, 177; ii, 14
Tipe from mounds. 5.55 seeaee is 141
—, Platycnemic. \:.2. Ss 4aeeeee li, 290
Tice, Joun H., Record of letter

from. (s J, nts « «(pias tae eee

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-Y.

Page

A. §., Acknowledgments
LEE Pr Sih ee ap Wee ayer
—, Agency of, in founding the
PNCAGETI Ana o 3.0 oa stan overs

—; An ancient copper implement «

TIFFANY,
342

donated by E. V. Baldwin....i, 59

as Appointment of, on finance com-
NUT DUCOR RA re ks A. Sacha Mee byt oe Pars
— — — — standing —..... ii, 6, 80, 219
-— cited on bark lice. .......... i ow
See et TMOUMNGE Ss, 3e 0s. 2 wee se lelud wees it, 95
—, Collections by .ii, 18, 122, 158, 295, 297
m7 Criticism of work by......... v, 1d

; Discovery of human remains a
a shell bed on Rock island. . 42
—, Election of,as treasurer....... < 66
ES SS ErUBteO eo bia yotce soko ie
UM SiOmM: Ofaaa ns ats os nae Vv, 221
— — — recommended........... v, 220
—, Investigation of charges by...v, 219
—, Mound explorations by....... Leo
oh i NP ancy eee: Sees See ela
; Prehistoric cremation furnace.i, 64

a, Presence of, at organizing meet-
WT EA As Aa atta Sepa Lea a a iy 9 ah
_ quoted on shell beds.......... li, 161
—, Record of criticixm of........ v, 218
Sanaa ae Ce OMI ie ts waetas i) AC
— — — papers by.i, 29, 35; ii, 5,71; iv,
DA5 v, 203
— — — remarks BY Sere ee i 32; li, 202
=a = a heports by... ..:1, 73: ii, 13, 129
— — — review of............... Wan AY.

—, Report of, as treasurer... . .. .i, 55, 66
—; — on the result of the excur-

sion to Albany, Illinois, No-

yember 7'and 8).18/73...../) =. i, 104
—, Resignation of,as treasurer....i, 77
=, Resolution DY eee apie aarake Thy ite?
— — to investigate char ges by...v, 209
—, Review of work Bye es sa 5 Y, 259

—, ’ Tribute COn one rac eee hee els IOs
—, Valuable donations by... i, 213, 217

li, 55, 185: iv, 2
Tieny, F. M.G. T. Reference to w ork

of, on Solpugidee . peace) Hata ii, 288
TISDSCHRIFT VOOR ENromooai®, =

ee eee ie 304
TILIA americana, Occurrence of. . i, 155
TritLIneHast, B. ee Election of. ..iv, 227
Miaiiilous oil a « OP ee iv, 225

TITANUS, nee ey, aluable donation

LOiT oc taleiedy Cee at Si hearer ae ae iis el
Trent albilabrus, Occurrence of. ..i, 194,
; 207

TIVELA trigonella, —— .......... ii, 250

Topp, James E., Acknowledgment
to

iv, 66}!

363

Page
Topp, JAMEs E., cited on Solanum.iv, 69
TOELLNER, ADOLPH, ween es
ments to 1, 292; iti, 135
—, Election of 5 1a
ToGas terminatus, Occurrence of...i, 207
Totmiz, W.F., Election of ...... i 139
Tomicus pini, Occurrence of 182
Tomonortvts tenebrosus, Notes on ...1, 253
Tomson, J. J., Memorial address
hr ase rt ae Eee oa 2 in, 214
Toorr, WiLtraM, cited on mounds. i, 109
—, Resolution of thanks to....... i. 78
TooLEsBoRo, Mounds at. .i, 106; v, 37,48
Tor ELL, Orro, Hlection of ....2: ri, GR
ToRNATINA candei, Occurrence of..v, 64
Torrey, JOHN, cited on Chorizanthe.i iv, 45

== == = ferns: s55.2. 325% aoe hoe iv, 74
i= PTASSES «chs 2 tire dee ee Viens (A
ee of, with J. D: Put-

LAM Is Paw eS er ee ee Leow
=; lection Offs 24.2: J2<.8 saitass es i, Ale
— instructor of J. D. Putnam... .iii, 200

s nibutes tomes a Li, 279 savy 230
Toma Mount, Naming Of eee i, 45
= [Professor] _ [M. Delt (Obituary

noticeron)i ClOs PARRY see eee i 44

—, Record of Bee y notice of... 70

— Refer ence to death of........ ~ 242
— — — work of................ ili, 174
RoORTUGKS Hana Olea see View Ad
Toranus flavipes, Occurrence of...v, 123
— melanoleucus, — —......-..... v, 123
> SOLLGTIUS, == —s2 oe Sos eee wala

TourtinLorre, Henry, Election of.i, 25

. Record’ of = —.2s 3. wae ii, 198
Toxon EURON explorautor, Occurrence

Offs: Gaiaty nnd ae eee 1207
— seminigrum, — —.............- 1, 207
TRACHYPACHYS inermis, — —...... i, 178
Tracy, S. M., Election of......... v, 229
—, Record of remarks by........ v, 228
TRADESCANTIA virginica, Occurrence

Ofte ois aS a ee ee i, 164
TRAGIDION fulvipennis, ——...... t 205
TRAGOCEPHALA pacifica, Notes on. .i, 252
— viridifasciata, —— ........2..-. Y 253

TRALIA ‘cingulata, Occurrence of. .ii, 251
— floridana, —
— (Alesia 2) mrviiseey, Dea of

SPACES. se Sees: Sawin v, 69

— pusilla, Occurrence of ......... she SAL

TREASURER, Report of....... i, 55, 66, 83 ;
ii, 47, 211, 212: iii,:8.-97, oe

iv, 214, 231; v, 196, 209, 233, 26

= WiGiE Gils i ord sinin Stan SEO iv, 390

TREAT, Mary, Election of........ ui, 146

TRELEASE, WILLIAM, cited on Ceano-
DSR aact teats, Soe v, 162, 189

364

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF

Page
TRELEASE, WILLIAM, Tribute to J.D.
Putnam Beh riser nck ee ii, 248
Tremex columba, Occurrence of ...i, 206
TRIBRACHYS caudalis, — — eee. 1, 179
TRICHIUS affinis, — —............ i, 180,
TRICHODES ornatus, —— ......... i, 180
TRIFOLIUM pratense, ——. ....... i, 156
— reflerum, — —... we ees ence eee li, 259
— repens, — — .......+.2- bead Toes i, 156
TriForis decoratus, ——......... v, 61 |
— mtermedius, — —..........--- Va ol
— nigrocinctus, ——....... eae v, 61 |
== OTNOIUS, — ss wid es iciate she sien Aol
— turris-thomx, ——..........- Vv, OW
— variegatus, — — ..........24.- ve GLO
TRIGLOCHIN maritimum, ——....iv, 27 |
TRIGODERMA ornadta,— —......... se
TRILLIUM erectum, — —.......... ii, 126
— nivale, Blossoming Oli netces lieal 29 4
-—— recurvatum, Occurrence of...... i, 164
— —, Vernai appearance of. ....ii, 135
Triven, Rouanp, Election of....iii, 68
— quoted on Solpugide ........ ili, 254
TRIMEROTROPIS fontana, Founding of
SPECIES is Asis ocis > ankles nine i, 255
Trimytis pruimosa, Occurrence of,.i, 181
TrinGa fuscicollis, ——....... ie Y, 122
— maculata, — —..........2..44. v, 122
— minutilla, ——...........00.. Vv; 122 |
TrriostEuM angustifolium, ——....1, 158
— perfoliatum, — —.............. A, 158
Tripre, T. M., cited on warblers..v, 154 |
TRIRH ABDA attenuata, Occurrence of. i, 1914)
— canadensis, ——........... te 200, 204
SS HO ay RE ee Soo aeo se i, 181
Triton chlorostomus,——........ v, 60
— CPM EUS == 6 asl aoe hs ae v, 950
— femorale, ma Bathe wo aes V0 oul!
— Pamellosuss = sco sae vs sen v, oO
—- lanceolatus a= ne epee v, 00
= PUeants, — =... sid nece st se eet v, 50
=P OMI S — ——s te ote Cae v, 00
— tuberosus, —— ...........22.. v, 90
— veliet, Founding of species. ....ii, 235
TRITONIDBA ringens, Occurrence of. ii, 234 |
— tincla, ——......... Set ee ae ii, 250 |
TRIVIA pediculus, SI ee li, 238
— quadripunctata, — —.......... i, 238
Trocniiium tipuliforme, ——..... ii, 129
TROCHILUS colubris, — —......... v, 134
TROCHUS americana, ——.......- ii, 241
— brevispina, ——....... posses li, 241
— euglyptus,— —...... Aer li, 249
— fasciatus, ——..... ANE seater aon v,. 63 |
oo ‘indusii, Se ah eye Ah SMe hee te Vv 63.4]
PCA ecto vida hehe li, 241
— tampaensis, — —........ li, 241; v, 63
TROGLODYTES xdon, —~— ....... LY; 157

NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

Occurrence
vee We
Troost, GERARD, ‘Influence of, as ed-

ucator
Tropxa luna, Occurrence of......i,
TropipoLopnus formosus, Notes on.i,
TropisterNus glaber, Occurrence

TroGLopyteEs hiemalis,

— lateralis, ——....... ie re
— limbalis, — —..........
TROWBRIDGE 2, Joun P., Report by,
quoted
Trox xqualis, Occurrence of
— alternans, — —..........-
— MOTSUS, — —.....6..44-
— punctatus, — —.. 2. ie os dee ee 1
TROXIMON cuspidatum, ——..... «i
Troyon, F., cited on bronze age.i,. .
TRUAX, CHARLES jrix Election « of. .ii,
_, Record of presentation by. sees
TRUE coLLectTIon, Donation of. . viv,
Trur, D.S. , Collections by . iii, 102; iv,
— ’ Election of, as trustee...... .-1,
—, ’ Obituary resolution on.
—, Record of ———........... ii
—, Valuable donation by........ li
TRUE, JENNIE F., Appointment of,
ons sangine committee. .....ii,
— [Mrs D. S.], “Election of..... ;
—, Valuable donations Dyer

ai weedy

an eee

i, 170, 199,

157

201
Liv
259

202
170
202

294
171
190
180
180
159
123
127
184
213
216
2
49
70

lll

219

ii,-167
.i, 146;

iii,

19, 31, 61

TruncATELLA bilibiata, Occurrence

Fi dell, Zoe Wenn

— caribxensis, ——........ li, 252 ; -v, 62

— pulchella, — —.......... li, 252 ;
— subcylindrica, ——...... ii, 252
Trustees, Approval of by-laws by.ii,
—, Decision of, on admission fee. iii,
TRYON, GEORGE W., JuNror, ‘Ac.

knowledgments to rls 232, 249,
—, Announcement of death of ... Vg
— cited on mollusks ..
—, Collection by
—, Determinations by...
—, Election: of =... .2¢e eee
— quoted on Cancellaria......... il,

—, Reference to work of.........
_—, ’ Valuable donation by <. 558 11,
TRYPANOSTOMA subulare, “Occurrence

Oita cetesincc doe St he ieee
TRYPHON communis, ——......
TrRyYPOXYLUM frigidum, — —... iio,
TULE RIVER, A bone pains

from uve
, Occurrence

pen

LY, Mere

v, 62
3 v, 62:

94
88

250
274
71*

2

235

TursBo castaneus, — —......11, 240; v, 63

— crenulatus, —

o.oo ap oly BAO Ge

INDEX TO
Page
Turso tuber, Occurrence of....... li, 252
TURBONILLA areolata, ——....... v, 58
A OTL CUS aac wiein 2 !shvie a Bie See v, 98
— interrupta, — —.......---2665- Vince
TORDUS GUNG s,s see ee e's v, 16
— aonalaschke pallasii, ——...... v, 160
== JURCARIE, <I So os pone po Gabe v, 160
— mustelinus, ——.........2-24-- v, 160
— ustulatus swainsoni, ——....... v, 160
Turner, W. W., sponsor for Squier
Hive (JB Baath a ge an iv, 289
TURQUOISE from New Mexico... lute detley
Turton, WinitAM, Reference to work
of, on Solpugide........1ii, 283, 284
TwircHeLL, Ina, Acknowledgment
COP e eres eo Sita h as iv, 66
Twomey, D. H., Election of... fis 83
Tyter, C. E., Reference to work
(Ol ere Secret a eae ie eee ee min, |
Tympanuc[H]us americanus, Occur-
TENCE Ol selysss weet ass ae Weplee)
TyNDALL, JOHN, cited on heat.. 1, 291
Typua latifolia, Occurrence of..... Ai, 163
TYPHOCERUS, Sp., — —.....-.....- i, 180
TYRANNUS verticalis, — —......... iy ls
* ‘
Uutr, Max, Defense of Academy
HO css Serer Net erexetl point Vets <i woes avenens v, 23
— -——elephant pipes by...... Ve zo
—, Letter from, on pipes and tab-
NETS Acts ys cere Soom bili ous!
—, Record of commu nications
PRO WME GS-8 24-5 fhe eaves sieeve v, 203, 263
Unter, Putiurp R., Election of... .ii, 129
Uxikr, Henry, Acknowledgments .
Gino, Sra Beene i, 169, 178, 193
Me eCilomp Osan Sacchi Ii) 25
letter trom <2 oes eis =) vee his aly
—, Memorial — —.......... eed 29
==; Reference to work of......... at 123
Uaus americana, Blossoming of. . 9
-— , Occurrence CIR NS AOA @ 162
-— fulva, Shenae ieee Gh acoe fj ya be eae ars 6 1, 162
— —, Vernal appear ance of...... eel
= racemosa, Occurrence of...:.s.iv,, 27
Unperwoon, L. M., cited on ferns. iv, 65
UNIOo, Occurrence of, in kitchen-
aa KO KS KS CSS Meee che aeetey ORE aes tity dys
— wxsopus, Occurrence of.......... LV 165
Se UMATLOUS pias eae Mpa) alra iA cien feu Wy sone
SHOU Saya StS ts, sleveics ssa tevene i, 165
— anodontoides, ——............. 1, 165
SCE TES oe ce Ce Sey! Sha ARIES forge We (ole
— asperrimus, —— 2.2.6 eee ee eee i, 165
— bissellianus, — —............2.V, 68*

PROCEEDINGS—VOLUMES I-V.

365

Page
Unio blandingianus, Occurrence of.v, 67*
buckleyi, ——......... 3 Van oes
buddianus, ——....... Rane Na avay
CoH 0p ORE TES CIT: 3 OIG i, 165
CONGAUUS) =I 5/5). /aieiaisic ties @aeiee v, 67*
COOPEMIANUS, — —..-. 62s eeeeees i, 165
COPMIUINSN——=4 7, reece de ears i, 165
GRGSSICEN SY i sh eee eee i, 165
cunninghanii, ——............ V; O75
dorfeullianus, — —...........-. i, 165
CD CTIUS aa Ia aes Vals A as Sn i, 165
CLOG ONS hp she. at a ahana ayAanstaterets 1, 165
CLD SS Tae ae cat hs ohare ae 1, 165
Gloridensis\———— Aaa. se je eta Vin Oles
RUS COUUSS ee a i tee eee Veo
GUW00SUS === hate eee i, 165
QT GCUIS; nas ate le ak jeeps Beet, LING Y5:
grandiferus, ——...... Sorters Linas
hebes, — —....... 1S COL ees Vang
higginsii, Ss ocedegee Bese oils 1%:
CUT —— Se iar ale sieleinyals Mesto Raa Olle
LEQUISSUIVUS oes a toto eas oe i, 165
LG BUGIS a eS eos BO GOO. o WanlOiig
} LINUSY cc hs ht oe i, 165
LeeteQlus; Soc c.ceseid aise doer i, 165
metanevrus, — —......0+--20- el 65
modroliformis, ——=% ......5: .-V, 68*
monodontus, — — ..........0.. i, 165
ULE OLGGtts. i i, 165
mytiloides, — —-........- Peal IGS
PO TETUUS,, — eat races ate asee la ae, v, 67*
ODESUS) 8 ho Sie epee ooo v, 67*
GCLENS —— = — eee eee rae i, 165
OCNUIGEENSIS, —— . aiarers slate vnit Wg tog
orbiculatus, —— si ....s.ccees’ i, 165
VOT UUS 6 —— = — a Acree tae aye te 1, 165
parilus, — 5... wakes anna’ a Ao
DICOLUS! V8 Eni ache oer i, 165
pustulatus, — =... 285. 04t6 ges i, 165
pustulosus, ——....... siete he Bole, AUSEY
pyramidatus, — —..... .....-. i, 165
RECHUSs t= an WR char on aero i, 165
—., Use of, in primitive currency.1i, 45
rostriformis, Occurrence of..... v, 67*
rubiginosus, — —.........-62-- i, 165
SCCUMIS 3) fincas Hlamerek Toes i, 165
SOUS nn ola ase eee i, 165
spatulatus,—— — 2.2.5 ......0000- i, 165
SUGUS) = —— ee asin ae ong earns Vann
lenwissimus, ——..... aS eee i, 165
triangularis, — — .6.........-- i, 165
MIGONUS — |=. Bons Sees 1, 165
tuberculatus, —— .....-....05- 1, 165
unulatus [Zunulatus ?], Founding
of Speeienyt.!. ate ciel} ee oe i, 168
verrucosus, Occurrence of....... i, 165
vesicularis, — — ..........000- VG OES
ANGELES aan Seo) clatrats cero i, 165

366

Page
Unir of measure used by mound-
Dinlderteé sob. uses Sateen li, 85
UNTRICULARIA “inter media, Occurrence
Oly. ace PER PED Eee N75 weal
Upper HELDERBERG FORMATION, De-
BCFIPLOMIOL Se eee eee iii, 106

— —, Occurrence of ....i1, Vv; 11, 209, 261
Upson, J. B.. Collection by. .v, 53, 55, 65

Uraniweza richardsoni, Occurrence

OLA reece Cee Tee Oe ee v, 79
Uriaror imber, — —........... v, 114
Urocerus abdominalis, Indian Cee

HO ge a eens Repair acict ec 192
— —, Occurrence of.......... i; 188, 206
— cyaneus, — — .......-.---- i, 194, 206
— flavicornis, — -—.........202ee- i, 206
UROSALPINX cinereus, —— ...... Ul, 204 s

v, 47, 50

— floridanus, — — ....--..-.+--- ay; 234
— tampaensis, — —........ ii, 234 ;. v, 50
Urtica gracilis, Use of, in orien

WOAMEMO RY pce ee Guts see eee ASD
Uran, Botany of. .. .i, 145; iv, 53, 63, 69
=a CICAM ee ATOM en sete eee ae ili, 68
—, Coleoptera —........-....-.. i, 268
—, Entomology of.......-.-..... i, 193
= Fuerogly phits in... 9. .cnto i, 145
—, Horned toads from .......... a 25
—, Hymenoptera —..--.-22..4.: i, 206
SUITE RAYS CNG TIE ere ii, 28, 130, 167
—, New mollusks from .......... 1s Saaee
—, Obsidian implements in..... ili, 86
— Orthoptera trom... -< ssc se is: i, 249
Ureruesti bella, Occurrence of...ii, 191
Urniconarta biflora, ——....... iii, 170
Urricutus canaliculatus, ——....v, 64
Uvuartia grandiflora, ——....... hella:
— —, Vernal appearance of...... li, 164
— sessilifolia, Occurrence Of 5-2. = li, 259

Vaca, CABeza DE, cited on copper
implements BAP RABE te ees NE i 127
Vaccartia vulgaris, Occurrence of. .i, 155
Vaccinium vacillans, ——........ i, 160
VALENTIN, MicHarEL BERNHARD, Ref-
erence to work of, on Solpugi-
ey Arey ili, 279
Vauaus squamiger, Occurrence of. .i, 171
VALLONIA pulchella, — —........ ii, 13
VaLvara tricarinata, — —.1, 166; ii, 133
— utahensis, Founding of species..v, 4
Van DER Horven, J., Reference to
work of, on Solpugidee. .iii, 296, 298
VanDoren, NArHANIEL G., Refer-

ence to work of, on index....v, iv

|

DAVENPORT ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

+ . . Page
VANESSA antiopa, Occurrence of. . .i, 175,

185, 196; ii, 129, 191, 252
— J-album, ——.. 20.22 gee A;7 020
= milbertii, = —).. dee i, 185, 196

VanPatten, J. F., Election of...iv, 227
Vareas, Macnuca B. pep, cited on

Mexican ochre... ../--J2eeeee iii, 118
— — — pueblos.............. Ret See
Vasry, GrorGe, cited on grasses.iv, 71
— — — Schedonnardus.......... iv, 73
—, Election of...:: 2225 seeeee ee ii, 129
—, Discovery of plant by.......: iv, 58

Vasum muricatum, Occurrence of. v, 46, 51

Vaurr, Morphologic definition of.iv, 78

Vearcu, ——, Collection by...... ve 26
Veca, GARCILASSO DE LA, cited on

one implements....... ally Bee

Verte, J. W., Collections by. ii, 238, 249-

: 251; jay, 69

—, Election of . 2222255 Soe li, 25

—, Dedication of species to ..... ee 235

—, ’ Reference to work of.i ii, 280; iii, 307
—, Valuable donation by........ i 80
VENERICARDIA perplana, Occurrence

Of. ..0. 1-2 Se v, 66*
VENUS beaiti, — —..5.-....--2-%- v, 64*
— cancellata, ——..........-.. ..V, 64*
— flexuosa, — —.......... ii, 250; v, 64*
— granulata, ——........+.+..-- ¥, 64*
— interpurpurea, ——........ .v, 64*
— listert, = =... cee ee eee eee v, 64*
— mercenaria, Use of, in primitive

CuUTTENCY ]-'42 sas Peery ee int, 2 fil
— mortoni, Occurrence of.......v, 46, 64*
— paphia, ——.......... dp heoee v, 64*
— pygmx#a, — —.......----- 5 its Men
VERATRUM woodii, ——....... ried 70
VERBASCUM thapsus, — eee. i, 160
VeRBENA aubletia, Doubtful — ay 66
— bracteosa, — —......--....- + oil, 26D
— hastata, ——..... 1» dh Se
— stricta, —— ........4- ro 2 he ORD
— urticifolia, ——..............-1, 160
VERMETUS annulatus, ao => 2 PL ee V, 00
— conicus, ——......... . Sa
— decussatus, — — 12 ols) ee ee
— lumbricalis, —— ............. v, 57
— nebulosus, —— ......+.. see
— nigricans, ——..... - 2 2 ota eee
— radiculus, ——........ oes eee ll, ee
— reliferd, — =... eee oR oe

VERMILLION; W. Ds Election of. . “als 9
VERMONT, Donations from. 1i, 63; ili, 22,38
VERNONIA noveboracensis, Occurrence

(0) Se OO SAL
VERONICA americana, — —....... li, 126
— arvensis, — —..........1, 160; iv, 66

<2 one

.

— peregrina, — —

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS

Page
Veronica serpyllifolia, Occurrence
Olt Go te) Eig SONS Scns ee ene iv, 66
== UINGUNCH, — —— 0 ee wees ts i, 160
VERONICELLA floridana,— —..... v, 68
VeERRILL, A. E., Election of ...... ii, 129
Verrico californica, Occurrence of: ii, 132
VESPA arenaria, —— ........ i, 194, 209
— diabolica, ——............ i, 194, 209
= JETMONICA, = =. aves es ee ene: i, 209
— maculata, — —...... ail, Mish), IIe i 209
— occidentalis, ——......... 1, 194, 204
VETROMILL, EvGEN®, cited on aborig-
Tine TENE ae coma aie rilty
Vinurnum lentag go, Occurrence of ..i, 158
VIELE, CHARLES, Commencement of
publication ‘fund lO\ Maite a eters v, 213
—, Record of donation by ii, 214; ili, 97
—, Valuable — —.............. iv, 16
VIELE, D.J.W.,———........ v, 196
VILADo, Manver M., Election of.11, 232
VILFA asper a, Occur rence of..... ili, 170
VILLERS, CAROLE pp, Reference to
work of, on Sol pugidee gos ili, 281
Vincent, C.S8., Election of ...... iv, 227

Vinpication of pipes and tablets.iv, 253
Vinina, E. P., Acknowledgment

THO bid Oe aA dee STN
— cited on Indian culture....... iv, 28
= HS GL OME Ollices/s sisic ere af eysucvaraueie ce: lv, 22
—, ’ Letter from, on pipes and tab-
IUSTIS cote eRe ie nee eee Ir per iv, 306
— quoted on elephant pipes Bate iv, 269
—, Record of letter from......... v, 2038
VIOLA aurea, Occurrence of....... i, 147
— blanda, ——........... See etede eoilla nck Gy
SCL IUOTUO ies. cSt, Se hart eo Be i, 146
— concolor, — —................ li, 202
— cucullaia, — — .1, lb; i, 180, 155, 202
—— lanceolata, — =... ee ees ili, 169
SIMON g aa, wyaslaye sisie cies, tvsnees i, 147
Se UITUDLO as aa cee gs se i, 155
— pedata, — —.......... 1,155; i, 169
= MAUI CCHi =e Beads tone i, 147
— pubescens, ——........ 1, 155; ii, 1385
— sagittata, — — ... 6. ee ee ed. i, 155
Vireo belli, —— ..............- y, 151
aPC UU CONS, —— fe pa a ope bso Bes y, 150
— gilvus, ——..... Ue ee en ane vy, 150
— noveboracensis, — —........... v, lol
EE ROUUECCUSS ——— ys cbevetsyc, sis y, 150
— philadelphicus, — —........... v, 150
=—="sohtarius, — =... 0... beans vy, 151
VIRGINIA, Donations from ....... li, 64 ;
iil, 22, 38
Wisirors; Summ~ary of: 2.2 .5-: iv, 23
Vitis estivalis, Occurrence of..... li, 259
= cordifoltd,, — = 6.2.20... ess Se tOG
Virrina limpida,— —.......... baie 130

VOLUMES I-V. 367
Page.
VITRINA pfeifferi, Occurrence of...ii, 13
VIVIPARA lineata, —— .......... 10 40)
— contectoides, Oc ‘currence of, in shell
ATOR Hees pin wers SORE SHE on li, 227
— georgiana, Occurrence of....... i (all
— interteata, — —.......... i, 166; ii, 18
— subpurpurea, — —....... i, 166; v, 61
— — — — in kitchen-middens ..11, 158
— waltoni, Occurrence of......... v, 61
Voaprs, AntHony W., Exhumation
omskeletons by assse ade eee a 225
Vogett, A., Acknowledgment to. 81
Vorent, F. < - Reference to work a
on Solpugidee Acdece rch wesc & iii, 29%
Voicanoes of the Sandwich islands;
CASS WIAHIGING Me eer ne Vy 8
VouimeEr, Entr, Election of...... Bd 232
VouuMeEr, Henry, ——.......... 247
VoLney, Constantine F. C., elon
EMGe hon wOnRkOlN = sates a 129
Vouura junonia. Occurrence of. .11, 238;
vy, ol
Vo3iva uniplicata, ——.......... ii, 238
Voss, Cuarues N., Letter from....ii, $1
W acusMutH, CHARLES, cited on blas-
BOUL ey teie bb linge eyetnette a alee ne is iy, 88
— — — crinoids........ sani, LOK:
; Description of a new “crinoid
from the Hamilton group of
Michiiwaint sy, mec cee tate corner iv, 95
—, Julectiom ole sos Se isrioe eer lili, 68
On a new genus and species of
blastoids* eens see sO
—, Record of letter from........ iby Ley
— — — paper by........... Cy is EV EVs
—, Title of — —................ iv, 212
WapswortH, Mrs W. C., Election
CLA Herat ERE ee Binects iy (ho
WAKEFIELD, JupGE, Valuable dona-
ENOTES aid ces mia mrerenaeney ate v, 2/6
WALCKENAER, 4Ge We cited on Sol-
pPugideelk: Aver. set met il, 2

—, Reference to work of, — —. .ili, 284,
290, 293, 294

WaLpHeErMiA floridana, Occurrence
OE a7 waters olan caesar ee ii, 242
Wawpron, C. F., Election of..... li, 348
—, Valuable donation by.........1, 214

WALKER, , Reference to work
yh ie edivs Be, taper tr ii, 272
WALKER, F. A. , Report by, quoted.iv, 294

WALLACE, ALFRED Russe xt, cited on
primitive ATU dieses a: ..iv, 114

eee

368 DAVENPORT

F Page
Water, B. F., Election of....... v; 2380
—, Letter from, on pipes and tab-

LGTSERSS Acie acrr crete etek ie's iv, 313
WatsH, Bensamin D., cited on bark
GE hte te AA Sera aah A 0 heh Pe he li, 295
, Election of, as honorary mem-
DET SEA Eh es SA SUL ECU Sh aties eg ae.
—, Reference to work of ........ li, 148
es Ton, ALICE B., Election of...i1, 205

; List of the Lepidoptera of Wie.

catine county, Iowa......... ii
NVVicorone wn, ue: _ Acknowledgments

COMER AEs sree ease Re ae ni, 342; v, 81
WatwortH, Eten H., Record of

LEGHURENDY? Seis ck oe ee iii, 100
—, Valuable donation by...... Fel, 8 LO
Warp, Henry A., Election of... .ii, 348
Warp, Witiram, Acknowledgment
Or rremtary Anes afcPsycitny sariel ete ieee Vie Ou
WARNEBOLD, Auaust, Election of.v, 229
—, Record of death of........... Venere
WARNER, JARED, Survey of elephant
manador. ses. Ce oes iy, 318
Warwick, Gorpon, Election of...i, 16
WASATCH MOUNTAINS (Summer bot-
anizing in the), Utah cue :
COC REPRERT cage eMac ee ee i, 145
Wasuinaton, Donations from. . iii, 19, 32
WASHINGTON CouNTy, Mammoth re-
SMVEURMES EW tio tee See ties 6 Ye cy il
WASHINGTON staTE, Expedition to.iv, 211
Ser AMET Ol. woe. cof ae eee hig OS
W. \TER, Analyse ses s of, by R. J. Farqu-
DATSOMM A A leeds Weise ore ahi .-lv, 204
SSE Sa eee ee Care iii, 182
WarTerMAN, E. M., Valuable dona-
EVO ie Nee ots bide cet es ote lllery os
Watkins, C.8., Election of....... 1, Me
—, Record of papers by...... Vv; 223, 268
—, Volcanoes of the Sandwich
ASTIN pe sets Stee nee ae Vas
Watson, SERENO, cited on Ceano-
LILLIES Pears tak Taye Spa ek es eae 189
— — — Chorizanthe........... iv, 5, 62
eae HOTNS! £ are tose cose ha eye iy, 74
—,.Collections by..:......... i, 145, 153
—, Description of lily by .......-.ii, 189
UAT LY WOK Olek 2 vie vclnid sels v, 181

== ME MOCULOI OL ote) 25 Oe ke ud alee li, 129

—, Reference to work of... .iii, 172, 174
Warrenwy L, BRUNNER, cited on
PTUBSIOUPELS?, oh ip seers Ge bee slack i, 254
—, Identification of species by. ca, 20
We AVING, Prehistoric............ se 623)
WEBBER, iN G., Letter from, on pipes
aid tablete:t. v0.02. ..e 0... iv, 305

Weesrer, CLEMENT L.; A description
of the Rockford shales of lowa.yv, 100

ACADEMY OF NATURAL

SCIENCES.

Page
Wessrer, CiemMent L., Record of
paper by v, -268
WeicmMann, F. A., Reference to work

of, on Solpugidee 2 eee ili, 292
Wett (An artesian) at Moline; Ww.

EL. Pratt! 2 205... See eee Me 181
We tuineron, W. E., Election of.. 8
We ts, R. H., Bis 81
West Inpies, ‘Solpugides from... «ty do

lii, 268
Westwoop, J. O., Election of, as
honorary member......... GE ay t=

—, Reference to work of, on Sol-

pugidas: . 3S ae iii, 291
WHEATLAND, “Mounds near... ... iii, 134
WHEELER, GEORGE M., Election

Of! os. oho ee iy pac!
—, Surveys by, cited.......:.. , LY, a0
Wee LER, H., Election of ...... Be ee:
Wueeter, I, J., Acknowledgment

LO... dea ee v, 81
Wuee ocr, 8. W., Artesian boring

byifi ia 2) See Jil, 181
Wurppte, A. W., Reference to expe-

dition bys. 2a. a eee ii, 280
Wuiraker, J onn H. , Election of.iv, 227
Wuiraker, Lorrre H ALL, — — ..1i, 164
WHITE, ADAM, Reference to work of,

on Sol pucidee PVE Richins osc i 294
Wuitr, AnprEw D., Election of. .ii, 146
Wuirr, Craries A. , cited on fossil

corals.......2 0. v, 18
—, Election of, as honorary mem-

Deri ste eee Riise sc res SE
—, Valuable donation by......... i, 223
Wuure, H. M., Acknowledgment

| EEE EA 5 Baldi =o iii, 173
Wuirr, James, Record of letter

from... 2... Aes aicillZ!
WHITtFIELD, R. P., Election of... .ii, 129
—, Valuable donation by....... iii, ts
Wuirney, J. D., cited on cranium

from auriferous gravels...... iv, 276
—, Election:of «'. .0.'.iee See ii, 129
— "quoted on antiquities of Califor-

NWA cove sists) ah ee Siegel
Wuitney, W. D., Election of..... ii, 129
WwW HITTLESEY, CHARLES C., cited on ~~

antiquities. ........ BE en iv, 277
— — — bog deposits ........... iv, 309
— — — Indian culture :.:-...-% ly, 289
—, Hlection (of... jo Re eee eer li, 129
— quoted on mound-builders. ...ii, 104
—, Valuable donation by ........ i, 225
Wir r, D., Reference to work of.. iii, 280
Wucox, i. B., Electionjol-aeeee abe oilit
WILpeR, Burr ‘Gi ae eters eld, 2g
—, Valuable donation 1 DY iii. Fach eee

?

INDEX TO PROCEEDINGS

Page

Witey, Rosert, Collection by..
Witarp, CHARLIE, Resolution of

127

Pepe PAC Ne aes ses i, 78
WILLARD, FREDDIE, —— ——...1, 78
Wiitams, ——, Election of ..... iv, 229
AWarmm Aare AG BS ns so ws rai, GL
— , Record of death GG SE Ce v, 272
Wu LIAMS, H.S., Coarues R. Keyes

and ; Preliminary annotated

catalogue of the birds of lowa.v, 113
WiuuiAmson, A. H., Election of. .iv, 228
Wiuurs, A. C., Acknowledgment for

Icha Loa eel iors tattee etary ea ea iv, 245
WILLIS, Mas A. C., Valuable dona-

LOMO eee oe ee tate ke Srataiox trons iv, 246
Wituiston, M. L., Election of....iv, 241

, Record ‘of Paper Dyess. esas iv, 249
Winutts, Tuomas, Resolution of

MAINS GO ven Se ais oS ease ce it, Hike)
Wi.tropt, L. H., Acknowledgment

LOMA R a ee reine creas li, 81, 95
= WeMiiiCdte OLN. ners case's ¢,= ii, 98
—, Discovery of elephant pipes

LTA ec ere ae iv, 260, 340
—, Election of.......... esas u, 88
Witson, Str Dantet, quoted on left.

handedness ..........-..-.. 11, 187
Witson, Joun E., Valuable dona-

tion ON eI Sree ii, 146, 214
WILSON, W. W., Election of..... iv, 213
—, Valuable donations by ..iv, 212, 213
Winan, W.C., Election of ...... iv, 249
WINCHELL, ALEXANDER, cited on

ANUS OUNNULE Sao pce ielers =) «coe oad WV, 200
— — — Indian culture ......... iv, 289
—— — shell beds........ A) ie 6
= SLCC HIOME Olin. & «t eneisve 2 oc, sc) diere u, 146
= Letter from, on pipes and tab-

IGRIEI S563 digtiee renee Sie ieee aaa iv, 303

— quoted on geology of Michigan,

v, L7, 20

— — — relations of mound-build-

ersenay. Aisbeeeee iy sb ate iv,
— — — mastodon.............. 1V,
—, Record of lectures by....... sil,
— — — letters from....... I Ox Mi
WincHetit, Newron H., Election
OD rhs, a ste ies ova Salta ort oie & ill,
—, Valuable donation lO\on cee ili,
WINCHESTER, EF. D., Acknowledg-
MIME TRU AGO serercvoke crerenena fehemeeernilts abesies We
WING, Grorae, “Election leew. a li,
ENG: Ee Ge ON ere eek os ill,
; Record of lecture by... ....... ii,
Waa C. F., cited on Indian cus-
Fai), pea hae ar naam il,
— — — cranium from su STOUs
DUA CIS pemeire ecaiea tustehe sis tei os iv,

[Proc. D. A. N.8., Vor. V.]

nM

a0/

279
©
0

208

VOLUMES I-V 369
Page
Wirt, Juv J., cited on Utah

MO OUMAS a-vecty. saa eee ii, 167
——s ECHO OL: maces sear ils ie

; Exploration of a mound near

” Utah lake; Ui talat aie. es ee ii, 28

Record of letter from......... Ibi Ree
Wisconsin, Bark lice from....... ii, 297
—, Donations from..... li, 64; iii, 22, 38

Prehistoric cloth from....... i 29
—, Primitive pottery of......... iv, 187
Wisp, T. H , quoted on pipes and

HEV et stesso ts)-awensye ete tees iv, 335
Wistizpnus, A., Blection of....... ieoleg
WITHERELL, L. R., — —......... ri, Lge’
—, Record of lecture by...........1, 80
= —— — letter from <.0) 4.4). 80.6 ae iy 9:
—— — report by .............. iv, 209
Wirre, Max E., Acknowledgment

tO SSS artic caesar nes aa ORI Pic Wey velll
Wirrmr, F. M., Election of....... v, 221
—, Valuable donation by........1i1, 19
Worm Occurrence Oles saa seeeee li, 86
Wo tr, Jonn, cited on wigs aN, 69
— — — Pyrgulopsis............ aa) 15
= lechtom OLA A. sa. Aan eee ‘ii, 25
== Wetter from vecyeenis- as oer ee Wy NF
—, Redescription of species founded

hieeroutimedttam orate Oates mic v, l4
Women’s CENTENNIAL ASSOCT. \rI0N

(Tur), Acknowledgment to.. 66
—, Resolution of thanks tO eee it 78
Woop, Grorae B., Testimonial to

R. J. Farquharson by. . iv, 202
Woop, GrorGe E., Elec tion of... sil, ly
Woop, H. C., cited on ferns..... IVs to
Woop, Horatio C., Juntor, Refer-

ence to work of, on Solpugi-

6 Ps eides i Oe iene tis ror Macy ctl 28 iii, 300
Woop, J. G., — — — — — — Sati, PASE,
Woop, Joun A., Acknowledgment

THOS SPS eee Sige, anette ve site tec aD We ell
Woop, Mary E., cited on ferns..iv, 75
“Wooptawn, THe Srar or,’ Ac-

Cou Of Mee Siete cele re iii, 200
= PHNStOTYe Ol Va fuss eles ine ae ae 232
WwW ‘OODMAN, H. T., Election of.. 12

—, Record of address Dy tkaete ses is 85

—, ’ Vote of thanks to............ li, 89
sAfhonc et aye Tleceun Of-siv, 227
Wooprurr, L. D.,— —......... iv, 229
—, Valuable donation by ....... 1V,, 229
Woopsta obtusa, Occurrence of...iv, 68
—— ONEGANG, = os eda ye ade dee ee i, 147
Woopwarp, B. B., Election of... .ii, 164
—, Record of death of.......... ii, 105
—, Valuable donation by ....... in, -61
Wortny. Pare blectioniot. sae ins M9)
WortH county, Section in....... v, 103

47 [July

21, 1893]

372 DAVENPORT ACADEMY
Page
Worrnen, Amos H., Announcement
‘Or degthvor.. const. Bo a cot’ v, 276
i oo G0! GhiNOlGs sce eee eee iv, 78
, Election of, as honorary mem-
[oY reas ene ana Let 24 Cg a re ae et Ie ee,
— quoted o1 on Hamilton fauna... .ii, 262
St IS DUTY ONO agar wes Ges ey) eee 8 vey Bo
—, Valuable donation by ........ i, 223
MWiounms GmnshOtes.escmecee oe The we O53

Wrieat, A. A., Collection by... .iii, 277
Wruicut, Erizur, Reference to work

CO acid Sey Pee ele Some Mea Ge ety PS hai v, 180
Wricut, GrorGr, Valuable dona-
tion yk ss sh sem ceed enanieoe iii, 19
Wriaut, W. G., Collections by... .iv, 39;
v, 67*
RIE CHION Ola Mek een: li, 388

West, Perer, Acknowledgment to.y, 81
Wourpeman, G., Collection by.iii,»252, 264
Wetrke, Hernric Hm, cited on South

American inscriptions <ceees iil eyes)
Wyernta amplevicaulis, Occurrence

Ay Lae Wate Neh oe Ree oe ok I hae Spe ee il
Wryrui) J.8., Election of. ....:;. iy ez
WYMAN, JE EFFRIES, cited on Dighton

MOG ene ee eas ene 11, 105
— —— mound-builders’ anatomy.i, 115
— — — mound pottery..... Sse i 135
= = = Flavell mnt sea cooe hoc li, 226
— quoted on prehistoric cloth. ...i, 129
Wvromine, Cicadz from.......... li, 68
ep LUOLOP VOCS Wai sn he eae i, 148
—— LOrmed! toads irom. a. Js Hi, 23
—y ELymMenoptera— a2... Lucien tee i, 206
RLM SECIS ==" nba ts co eem ota ce 1 MSY,
—, Obsidian implements in..... iii, 86
OTM pleramrOml .ho. eee i, 249
—, Solpugide —........... iii, 251, 267
Wyoming HILL, Remarkable mound

TNGRN On Gea'a Sees eee Seahaore iv, 210
Wyrick (Holy stones of), Discus-

SUD LEGSG Sel eae Ae ee ae Sails AMO)7/

?

XANTPHIUM sfrumarium, Occurrence

OIG 38 Byes hace ee At eon eA oe i, 159
XANTHOCEPHALUS wanthocephalus

SINAC 2 ot A une, eae v, 137
NeENoPHORA conchyliophora, — —.v, 57
Xesronotus lugubris, ——........ i 169
Xy LeEuTES robiniw, — — ..i, 177; ii, 192
XYLORICTES satyr us, Be. See 1 Wek
XYLOTERUS bivitiatus, — —........ i, 182
"TRONS OD See nek ile, ALG

NYLOTRECHUS colonus, —~ —.,.....i, 172

OF NATURAL SCIENCES.

Page

Xyxorrya bipmnata, Occurrence of. vy, 70

— fimbriata, — —.... eee eee eee ii, 249
YELLOWSTONE NavionaL Park, Ex-

ploration of... . /3.)..e.eeeee ili, 84
Youne, CHartes A., Report by,

quoted Me os. de ea iv, 294

Youne, Davin, Collection by... .iii, 145
Youne, Henry C., Election of...iii, 94
Youne, J. B. , Appointment of, on

standing committee ........ rity, (Vp
—, Election ‘of scl ee i, 293-11, 203
—, Record of memorial address

DY oc: Joc dee eee iii, 214

Youna, Mrs J. B., Appointment of,

on standing committee. .ili, 67, 107
—, Election of <=: eee ili, 68
Youna, O. G., Acknowledgment to. iv, 66
Youne, THomas L., Election of...v, 262
Yucatan, Solpugidee from ...... ili, 268
Yucca aloifolia, Occurrence of... .1i, 228

ZANTHOXYLUM americanum, Occur--
rence Of. ..:.0-22e eee renee i, 156
ZAPHRENTIS solida, ——......... v, 107
ZAUSCHNERIA californica, — — ....1, 147
ZEELAND, Aboriginal art in..... -iv, 112
ZEN AIDURA macroura, Occurrence -
Of; 3 2. WS. cea ee eee v, 125
ZITrEL, KARL VON, ‘cited on blas-
toids: <= MRR Sins Svc) =~ IVETE
ZIZANIA aquatica, Occurrence of...v, 114
ZIZIA integerrima, — —........... i, 158
ZOFINGER, , Reference to work
of, on Solpugide......... 1. ee 202
ZOLLNER, , cited on transcenden-
talism. ....\.. 4. 20a eee - lily 162
ZONES arboreus, Occurrence of. .ii, 131;
VY, 47, 65
— fulvus, — —......... ii; 131 sya 47, 65
— gundlachi, — —..+...1.+5-+-, 48, 69
— indentatus, — —............. v, 47, 65
— minusculus, ——=.. Sn
— suppressus, ——..0.......5 AP A 2)
Zonivis bilineata, ——.........- . wy Oe
ZONorRICHTA albicollis, — —..... -V, 145
— leucophrys, — —........... -2-V; 143
— querula, — —.. 0. sea eee v, 148
ZooLocy, Work ini so. page) tise a 2A
LUNI pottery, Character of...... iii, 121

ZYGONBCLES notatus, Occurrence of.v, 77

; ) y . f
ne he
A abc eenoulions Gea ARR te ( s
Hos Es i Nat, eRe ee
red hs i cS re
~ > ‘a 4 oa > . avi
A ¥ |r my 1 bee |
Sik” 4 ve) is
Te ine) J
2 A ks
. *
f 1
” ;
e Os
gcX
-
’
6
t
a
: aN rie
; a4
* ‘
ity
‘ wis te
i PaF
Sion
yr i
$
™, Wi.
? :
a » ‘
Ve i
ade
hay
is eB,
ae ay *
~~ . 1
iH
‘
\
\
‘
¥
ot i
U ys,
ails Or
sel
vi
iw ‘
Ol bia huletet
i" on ath se
at > i

Nfeu |) bate, AG
AR oe) gS,

a

—9
———-1e@}
game 00 |: |
= Re :
o , ~~
—O 7 7
i ——y |
a} aol : iF
SO . ‘ 5 Fs ‘
——_ | . \ P : »
= : . -)
a ; a | F Manes

3 aS

Bee of TN FATT eee

a

Ae OTE Tew ee ee

’
i
}
om
B
i
D

ag