¥ te i apn be A yey ‘ ery Ale y ; : 7 I ‘ al = oh h be ivy rh > baths Al) ab » : phic p> . al } A re es i iit, he we me . ol y Ba ’ 4 é ; ir j on } ih L) Y il —f 7 a) i Pisuiie: | ; : Ae? A kl ' c D a 4 y Ne " ‘ il iy : | oa t wt ( t ry y f | } ¢. i a " , *; Ler b ad F j F : nertin L ‘ ae ih Pah ; Ni , : ’ D t *} - ze a iy vi *, \ a =) i 7) \ i 14 F » 4) , 1 a 4 } 41 Mo j ; «7 i a} 1 \ \ ¥ ( ; iit MTT i ny a q i i! Lier 4 ie oa AD? Pd Mh’? PROCEEDINGS ~ ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VoLuME 25 ZT4107 PUBLISHED BY THE SoclETY WASHINGTON, D. C. 1923 ACTUAL DATE OF PUBLICATION OF VOLUME 25. Number’ I—pages 1- 32inclusive ...... . . . January SOioze Number 2—pages *33— S6imclusive ..... : . = Pebruanmi Ze eloeee Number 3—pages 5/7— 80 inclusive . 2... - .Warch shoe Number 4—Spages) 8i—l04inelusive 42 2. - - Mapoag2ae Number 5-6—pages 105-142 inclusive ....... . fune 28, 1923. Number 7—8—pages 143-170 inclusive ..... . . . November 26, 1923. Number 9—pages 171-190 inclusive, I-IV .-. . . . . January 257922. PREss OF H. L. & J. B. McQueen, Inc. Wasutncton, D. C. fii] TABLE OF CONTENTS OF VOLUME 25 Aupricu, J. M.: A new parasitic fly bred from the bean beetle. The present status of Coquillett’s Hypochaeta longi- cornis Schiner (Diptera) . BARBER, H. S.: Two new Conotrachelus onl fhropicdl Brie (@oleop- tera, Curculionidae) art Buaw ELL, J. C.: The host plant and habits of Wecathoscelides oe (Fall) (Coleopt.) ; ee, Bucuanan, L. L.: The European Amalus hasmaethaas Hbse: in the United States (Curculionidae) Caube Lt, A. N.: A new species of Zoraptera from Bolivia . CuitTTENDEN, F. H.: Notes on the distribution and habits 6f Northi American Phyllotreta (Coleop.) . CockErELL, T. D. A., with ScHaus, Wm. Corrections : Crampton, G. C.: ne comparison AGE he Pabiasue in certain RETslonieta: bolous insects from the standpoint of Phylogeny . CusHuMan, R. A.: A new subfamily of Braconidae (Hym.) from Ter- mites nests . mt DeLong, D. M., with Sanpers, J. G. mks Fisuer, W. S.: A change of name in Buprestidae . . Fotsom, J. W.: A new Lepismid from Porto Rico . . : Fours, Ropert: Description of a new Serphoid parasite (Ey. ) : Ganan, A. B.: An Eulophid parasite of the chrysanthemum midge (Hy- menoptera, Chalcidoidea) ——— ——— Address of the Retiring President. The Role So hel Tae onomist in present day Entomology . —— Types of two Chalcid-flies misidentified . GREENE, CHARLES T.: The immature stages of Hydrophorus agalnaa Wheeler (Diptera) : ——— —— A contribution to the biology of N. A. Dias ——— ——— The larva and pupa of Microdon megalogaster Snow (Diptera) . ' ———,——— A new species eee alecelia (Giereen HameL, C. C.: Distribution record on Macronoctua onusta Gace (he epi- doptera) Hetnricu, Cari: New Oledreacdae ae eastern Wnited Scares en doptera) . Hystop, J. A.: The present status vot the Coleauesrous uatle Plasto. ceridae . McArteeE, W. L.: Descriptions of Bible @interal om che Gri District of Columbia Diptera: Bibionidae . . . . [iii] Sil 104 ——— ——— Tingitoidea of the oom of Washington, D. C. (Heteroptera) Mattocu, J. R.: Some new genera aid species af Donehacidar: Bach Ses romyzidae (Diptera) . Mann, Wo. M.: Two Serphoid guests of Eciton (fivn yu Mason, P. W.: The Raspberry Cane Aphid : : Morrison, Harotp: A report on a collection of Caccidue from Agen tine Il (Hemiptera Coccidae) Rouwenr, S. A.: New aculeate Hymenoptera from the United States . A new Macrocentrus reared from the strawberry leaf- roller (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) Sanpers, J. G.:, and DeLonca, D. M.: Nine new species oF Cicadeliaee (Homoptera) from the United States and Canada. ae Scuaus, W., and CockereLt, T. D. A.: Three new forms of Rhopalocera from Colombia and a new Geo- metrid moth from Madeira (Lepid.) i ae Scuaus, W.: A new genus and species of moth of economic interest in the United States National Museum . : SHANNON, R. C.: Rearing dipterous larvae on nutrient Agar Non-human host records of Wohlfahrtia (Diptera) . Snyper, THos. E.; A new Glyptotermes from Porto Rico : Three new Termites from the Canal Zone, Panama. Tuompson, M. C., with THompson, W. R. Tuompson, W. R., and THompson, M. C.: Masicera senilie 4 a savaeite of the European Corn Borer (Pyrausta nubilalis) . TimBer.ake, P. H.: Review of Mercet’s work on the Encyrtidae (Hy- menoptera) of the Iberian peninsula. ag Wangs, J. S.: On entomological publications of the United States Gov- ernment ERRATA. Page 112, line 8.—For Exartema connanum read Exartema cornanum. Page 112, line 8—For “‘connutana” read “cornutana.” Page 113, line 3.—For connanum read cornanum. Page 121, lines 18, 26, 29.—For pectin read pecten. 143 45 181 188 122 96 168 151 162 164 103 142 126 57 Pages 162-163.—The collector for the new subspecies and new species on page 162, and for the first new species on page 163, should be added, namely, J. T. Duce. [iv] VOL. 25 JAN., 1923 No. 1 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON qr Arenas } . ais ists; Sy as, *ly " WADE, J. S.—ON ENTOMOLOGICAL PUBLICATI S OF THE UNITED STATES... EOMOEN TI NO ola ack cere ahe2 “tional Wot — PusiisHeD Monruiy Excepr Jury, AuGust AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Orcanizep Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 p. m. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the Procrepincs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1923. Honorary Presideti.. « . 30. 32. 8 IRV es. oe . Ee ASCE ae President. Sipe 6 2B. ee Be ee oe, SE ORO WAND First Vice-President). © 2.0. 5 0 Wee. ss de, AGSBOVIS Second Vice-President 2. Syiee oo hd we ee koe) OR ASCUSEIIE Recording Secretary. . «3. «My ee he SCAG Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer. ... . ss ... .. 9. A) ROBWERE U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. gitar Me) PRI AE oo 8” Tn 2 eS ee ee East Falls Church, Va. Executive Committee: THE Orricers and A. N. Caupe t, A. L. QuaInTAnce, J. M. Atpricx. Representing the Society as a Vice-President of the Washington Academy of Sciencescs tee. Ree gee Sw he cd ace ee ee oP eR OI Esa a PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. Terms of subscription: Domestic, $4.00 per annum; foreign, $4.25 per annum; recent single numbers, 50 cents, foreign postage extra. All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the ProceeprNes will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies 2225 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VOL. 25 JAN., 1923 No. 1 ON ENTOMOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT. By J.°S: Wape;! U. S. Bureau of Entomology. The subject matter which follows is presented at the direct request of a number of the writer’s associates, and because rather intimate contact in recent years with many of them in some of their struggles with Government publications has led to the belief that a bref resume of some of the various series of Federal entomological publications might prove of value to the fraternity. Lest some one should feel, however, that, like Holmes’ Katydid, he “saith an undisputed thing in such a solemry way,”’ it may be added that much of the discussion which follows is avowedly elementary in character. It is intended primarily for the use of beginners or ‘“‘near-beginners” in ento- mology who are desirous of building up small working libraries. It is hoped that the data will be more especially useful to those who labor in isolated localities far removed from large libraries or centers of entomological research, or whose opportunities for association with fellow workers may be of a limited character. It is realized that much of the matter presented here may be quite familiar to some of our older and more experienced entomologists. However, in view of the intellectual struggles of some of those who do have access to good libraries, when they are in what Dickens terms “the agonies of composition,” or while they may be endeavoring in limited time to run down elusive references, or to discover what has been recorded on a given subject, or to gain information concerning the issuance or scope of new or old ‘Government bulletins,” it seems possible that at least a portion of the present discussion may prove help- ful even to them as well. The scope of this paper is largely limited to a review of such publications as are of sufficiently recent date to be of greatest usefulness, and the acquisition of which would be within the bounds of reasonable possiblility. Says Dr. G. Stanley Hall, “One of the best things we can do for others is tell them what books we read.”’ In discussing a subject of this kind, a very real difficulty is to refrain from too much generalization or wandering too far afield, or delving ‘Read at the 346th regular meeting of the Society on February 2, 1922. Ps PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 into almost every phase of the subject in which a book-loving antiquary might possibly be interested. It is realized that this subject as a whole could be expanded with profit far beyond the limits set by the writer’s time and ability. It might therefore be well at the outset to state that no attempt is here made to exhaust the subject or to furnish more than a mere humble con- tribution toit. The facts presented have been brought together bit by bit, merely through the possession for a long time of a sympathetic interest in certain forms of bookish lore, and an oracular knowledge of the subject is not assumed. Grateful and appreciative acknowledgment is gladly rendered to Miss Mabel Colcord, Librarian of the U. S. Bureau of Entomology, for much information furnished and to Dr. L. O. Howard, Mr. W. R. Walton, Mr. Rolla P. Currie, and Mr. S. A. Rohwer, of the Bureau of Entomology, and to Mr. F. J. P. Cleary, of the Division of Publications, for many helpful suggestions. A large portion of the North American literature on entomol- ogy has been published through various channels by the United States Government. Probably foremost among these agencies are (a) the United States Department of Agriculture, (b) the Smithsonian Institution, (c) the United States National Museum, (d) the U. S. Department of Interior, Reports of the various Scientific Explorations, Geological Survey publications, (e) the Treasury Department, Public Health Service, (f) the War Department, Library of the Surgeon-General’s Office. Millions of copies of Governmental publications have been, and are distributed by the issuing departments and by Congress, free of cost to those making application for them, while a few of such publications, like certain of those issued by the Smith- sonian Institution and Geological Survey, are sold at prices covering the mere cost of paper and printing. A number of the older (and some of the more valuable) of them are now out of print, and can be obtained only through dealers in natural history publications. Even a hasty perusal of the lists of documents issued through these channels will prove to the most prejudiced mind that the much abused ‘Public Documents” (or, as they were formerly called, “Government books’’) include, along with much prosaic and unreadable matter, thousands of interesting papers of permanent scientific or historical value. Among such works are the annual reports of the executive departments and their subordinate bureaus, reports of explorations and surveys of vast unexplored areas of the American continent, and up-to-date information about the latest invention, discovery, or pest, and statistical matter of all kinds, and these frequently contain matter of highest interest and importance. This heterogeneous mass of congressional and executive publications, with its vagaries and idiosyncrasies is well known, and to say the least, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 3 interesting to the student. The Government of the United States employs thousands of scientists, who are engaged con- stantly in research and investigation. Such activity includes researches in all branches of agriculture and household economy, irrigation, forestry, as well as medicine, aviation, engineering, astronomy, chemistry, electricity, mining, geology, and manu- factures. The recorded results of all these activities in the form of public documents are “poured out in an incessant flood from the Government Printing Office at Washington, the largest printing plant in the world.” Unfortunately, only a few of the Government publishing offices systematically preserved for posterity a complete file of their own publications, and it is, therefore, small wonder that general lists or indexes, especially to the earlier documents, have been so few and of so unsatisfactory a character. As there are about 250 branches of the Government which at times issue documents, the best informed citizen or official may be par- doned for not being familiar with most of them. It is of interest in this connection occasionally to read comments on the lack of human interest, the general prolixity, and the form of issue of some of these publications. For illustration, Clark in ‘‘The Use of U. S. Government Publications,”’ says: ‘‘Examine the report of an executive department or of an important bureau of a date before 1906. - There will be found, first, the few brief pages -of the report of the chief officer—like the short, swift upward shoot of a skyrocket, expanding at its end into a fiery display that overspreads the whole heavens; or in the case of the report, into a concatenation of appended exhibits, tables, sub-reports, and sub-sub-reports that swell the whole into a bulky volume.”’ It is one of the functions of the Office of the Superintendent of Documents of the Government Printing Office in Washington to act as a general bureau of information for citizens in all parts of the country who desire knowledge as to the various public documents, but who do not know where or how to address the numerous departments, bureaus, surveys, commissions, com- mittees, services, boards, officers, and divisions by which the various documents are published. The more important biblio- graphical aids for research work among public documents are as follows: Anon: “Index to documents and reports, House of Representatives, 1789- 1839.” Congressional documents (Serial No. 104, 85, part 2, 209, part 2, and 350). Anon: “Consolidated index of executive documents of the House of Repre- sentatives 26th to 40th Congress.” Congressional documents 1386, 1387. Poore, Ben: Perley: “ Descriptive catalogue of Government publications of the United States, September 5, 1774-March 4, 1881.” 1885, 1932 pages, folio, Washington (Serial No. 2268). 4 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 Crandall, F. A.: Check list of public documents, debates and proceedings from Ist to 53d Congress (1789-1895). Washington, 1895. Ames, Dr. J. G.: Comprehensive Index of publications of United States Govern- ment, 1889-1893. 1894. Ames, Dr. J. G.: ‘““Comprehensive Index to publications of United States Government 1881-1893.” 2 vols., quarto (Serial No. 4745-4746). 1905. Hickcox, J. H.: ‘““United States Government Publications, a monthly cata- logue,” Vols. 1-10, 1885-1894. “Monthly catalogue of United States public documents.” Issued by the Superintendent of Documents. This catalogue, published since 1895, lists all the publications of the Government published during each month, giv- ing prices of all which are available for sale, with an annual index issued separately. “Catalogue of public documents.”’ Vol. 1, 53d Congress, March 4, 1893, to Vol. 12, 63d Congress, June 30, 1915. This series is called in the law a ““Compre- hensive Index.”’ It is a catalogue of all the publications authorized during one Congress, or for a period of two years beginning with July 1. The arrangement is “dictionary style,”’ that is, in one alphabet a book, pamphlet or article may be located by author, by Government bureau responsible for . it, or by subject; all the more important publications are analyzed. “Document index.”” Vol. 1. 54th Congress, Ist session, Dec. 2, 1895, to Vol. 25, 65th Cong., Ist session, October 6, 1917. This series is the “ Consoli- dated Index”’ provided for by the printing law of 1895 and is issued follow- ing each session of Congress. It lists only the numbered documents and reports issued by direct order of Congress, but these it treats very thorough- ly. The titles may be found in the genera] alphabet, also under the titles of the Committees from which they were reported, and again under the names of the Senators or Representatives by whom they were presented; they appear also in numerical lists. At the back of the book is a schedule of the volumes of numbered Congressional documents and reports. “Check list of United States public documents, 1789-1909; Congressional, to close of 60th Congress, and departmental, to end of calendar year 1909.” This is a list of all the documents published by the Government during 121 years, classified by Department, bureau, and series. “This,” says Clark, in his Guide to Use of U. S. Government Publications, “is a bibliography which, for exactness and accuracy, admirable system and completeness, is a model of its kind, a monument to the experts of the Documents Office where it was compiled, and with which no other nation in the world, so far as the writer’s information goes, can show for its government publications anything to compare in excellence and value.” ? U. S. Department of Agriculture: The idea of the Department of Agriculture originated in the early activities of the Smithsonian Institution. Its actual growth began, however, through voluntary distribution of seeds which was begun by the Commissioner of Patents in 1836 and which continued until 1854, during which time its work was PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 5 mostly in connection with the distribution of seeds and the pro- curing of agricultural statistics. In 1854 a specific appropria- tion was made by Congress for the agricultural work of the Patent Office, and it was in that year an entomologist, Townend Glover, was first employed. The agricultural work was sepa- rated from the Patent Office in 1861, and its chief officer was styled ““Commissioner of Agriculture.”” He did not become a member of the President’s Cabinet until 1889, when his rank was raised to “Secretary of Agriculture.” The “Annual Report” on Agriculture began in 1837 with a two-page statement in the report of Henry L. Ellsworth, €om- missioner of Patents. From that date to 1861, the “Annual Report” formed a part of the report of the Commissioner of Patents, making a separate volume for 1849. In 1862 the “Annual Report of the Department of Agriculture” was estab- lished and this was issued uniformly up to 1889. From that year until 1893 the document was entitled ““Annual Report of the Secretary of Agriculture.” Beginning with 1894 (in accordance with paragraph 2, section 73 of the printing Act of January 12, 1895) the report subsequently has been prepared in two volumes. One of these, known as the “Annual Reports of the Department of Agriculture,” contains the Secretary’s Report and the purely executive reports of the several chiefs of bureaus, divisions and offices, and is issued in limited edition. The other volume is known as the “ Yearbook of the Department of Agriculture”’ and embraces the Secretary’s Report, dupli- cated in the previously mentioned volume, and a collection of special articles, popular and semipopular in character, on agri- cultural science. Though one of the youngest of the executive departments of the United States Government, and in spite of the fact that its work had been for years impeded by lack of interest on the part of Congress, the Department of Agriculture ranks second to none both in the number and in the usefulness of its publications. Beginning as a doubtful experiment with an Annual Report as its publication, the Department has gradually developed into a great publishing office, the output of which is eagerly sought by those engaged in all phases of agriculture and its related scienti- fic activities. The almost constant changes which have occurred both in organization and personnel of many of the various divisions composing the Department, and the rapid growth of the organization as a whole explains in a large measure the con- fused method or lack of method and almost incomprehensible peculiarities which notoriously have characterized the publi- cations emanating from many of the various bureaus and offices of the Department. In dealing with a collection of publications often of a highly technical character, differing widely in their subject matter, and issued under an unnecessarily complicated 6 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 system, or oftentimes painfully without system or method, it becomes a matter of the utmost difficulty to assemble or analyze such of these as are of interest to the entomologist. For example, the presence of meaningless or unsuitable titles such as “‘A Few Facts from Florida,” or ““A Popular Experiment,” may be used as examples of one of the many phases of the difficulty to be encountered in dealing with them. The publications of the Department to date include approxi- mately 5,000 books, pamphlets and circulars of from one to 3,600 pages, some of which contain as many as 50 or more dis- tinct papers. The greatest drawback to the systematic classi- fication and use of these for ready reference has been found in the vast number of miscellaneous unnumbered publications. Further, there appears to have been no precise definition of either “bulletin” or “circular” as applied to such documents. The unnecessary multiplication of numbers on the title pages of some of the older publications of the Department, is also a matter which does not lend itself to easy explanation, if indeed there ever was any reason for that which forms a confused jumble of unintelligible characters appearing on the title pages of so many departmental pamphlets. Curiously enough the Department itself does not appear to possess anything like a complete file of its own valuable litera- ture. The Library of the Department has a fair representation of such publications, while most of the scientific bureaus retain files of at least the latest editions of their own work, but there is not to be found in any one place, or in all these libraries com- bined, a complete file of everything thus far issued. The follow- ing list comprises the principal series issued by the Department prior ito; July. 1, 1913: Office of the Secretary: Annual reports; Yearbooks of the Department of Agriculture; Monthly reports; Special reports; Miscellaneous special reports; Reports; Miscellaneous reports (unnumbered); Farmers’ Bulletins; Circulars; Miscellaneous circulars; Miscellaneous circulars (unnumbered); Separates from yearbook; Reports of Appointment Clerk. Division of Accounts and Disburse- ments: Annual Reports; Miscellaneous publications. Office of Fiber Investiga- tions: Annual reports; Reports; Miscellaneous reports. Section of Foreign Markets: Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circulars. Sik section: Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletin. Division of Agrostol- ogy: Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circulars. Bureau of Animal Industry: Annual reports of the chief; Annual reports of the Bureau; Separates from Bureau of Animal Industry reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circulars. Division (later Bureau) of Biological Survey: Annual reports; North American Fauna; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circulars. Division of Botany: Annual reports; Contributions from the United States National Herbarium (to 1902); Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circulars. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL, 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 7 Section of Seed and Plant Introduction: Inventories; Circulars. Division (later Bureau) of Chemistry: Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circu- lars. Division (later Bureau) of Entomology: United States Entomological Commission: Reports; Bulletins; Annual reports; Special reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins (old series) (new series) (Technical series); Circulars (first series) (second series); Insect Life. Office of Experiment Stations: Annual reports; Experiment Station Record; Miscellaneous reports; Separates from Office of Experiment Stations publications; Bulletins; Miscellaneous bulletins, Circulars. Division of: Forestry (later Forest Service): Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circulars. Division of Gardens and Grounds: Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Circulars. Office of Irrigation Inquiry: Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins. Ziérary: Annual report; Miscellaneous report; Bulletins. Division of Microscopy: Annual reports; Special reports; Food products. Bureau of Plant Industry: Annual Reports, Bulletins, Circulars, Documents. Division of Pomology: Annual reports; Reports of the Pomologist; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circulars. Divi- sion of Publications: Annual reports, Document and folding room; Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Lists. Division of Illustrations: Annual reports. Office of Road Inquiry: Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circulars. Seed Division: Annual reports; Special agent for distribu- tion of seed. Division of Soils: Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulle- tins; Circulars, Field operations. Division (later Bureau) of Statistics: Annual reports; Miscellaneous reports; Monthly reports (old series); Special reports (old series); Monthly reports (new series); Synopses of the Monthly Crop Re- ports; Bulletins (miscellaneous series); Circulars; Monthly crop circulars; the Crop Reporter. Division of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology: Annual re- ports; Miscellaneous reports; Bulletins; Circulars; Journal of Mycology. Weather Bureau: Annual reports; Special reports; Miscellaneous publications; Reports (data volumes); Bulletins (numbered); Bulletins (lettered); Storm bulletins; Circulars (numbered); Circulars (Instrument Division, formerly Instrument Room); Climate and Health; Monthly Weather Review; River and flood service; The Great Lake charts. Prior to the establishment of the Division of Entomology, all official articles of entomological interest were published in the agricultural reports of the Patent Office. Such articles may be located by consulting the “General Index of the Agricultural Reports of the Patent Office for 1837-1861, and of the Depart- ment of Agriculture for 1862-1876,” issued by the Commis- sioner of Agriculture in 1876. The Division of Entomology was established in 1863 and Prof. Townend Glover was appointed as its first entomologist. An interesting and sympathetic account of the life of this eccentric individual together with a complete bibliography of his published works by Charles R. Dodge may be found in U. S. Division of Entomology Bulletin (Old Series) No. 18 issued in 1888. The official reports of Glover as entomologist cover the years 1862 to 1877 inclusive, 8 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 and were published each year as part of the Annual Report of the Department. In the year 1877 the United States Ento- mological Commission was founded by an Act of Congress. It first was placed under the administration of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories (Hayden Survey) of the Department of the Interior, (hereinafter dis- cussed), but on March 3, 1881, was placed under the Depart- ment of Agriculture. The members of this commission were Dr. C. V. Riley, Dr. A. S. Packard, and Dr. Cyrus Thomas. The work of the Commission primarily was to investigate the ravages of the Rocky Mountain locust or Western grasshopper, a pest which had caused great losses to many kinds of growing crops in some of the more newly settled Western states from 1874 to 1876. Studies were made, however, of a number of other insect pests and the final results were published in five reports 1877 to 1890 inclusive and seven bulletins 1877 to 1881 inclusive. The first and second reports of the Commission were published under the direction of the Hayden Survey, and the remainder under the Department of Agriculture. The bulle- tins numbered 3 to 7 inclusive were published under the direc- tion of the Interior Department. None of the bulletins was issued by the Department of Agriculture. While much of the matter to be found within these reports and bulletins is of permanent scientific value, it is regretted that all of them are now out of print, and only stray copies may be found now and then in the old book shops. Probably the most rare as well as the most valuable of the entire series is the fifth report by Dr. A. S. Packard, on “Insects Injurious to Forest and Shade Wrees.”” Because of the failing health of Prof. Townend Glover in 1878, Dr. C. V. Riley was appointed entomologist to succeed him, and the official entomological report for that year was issved by him. He resigned after one year’s service and was succeeded by Prof. John Henry Comstock who issued the reports of the entomolo- gist for the years 1879 and 1880, and also a voluminous report on cotton insects in 1879. After two years Dr. Riley again became the official entomologist and from 1881-2 to 1893 in- clusive, the annual reports of the entomologist were issued by him. Since the resignation of Dr. Riley, June 1, 1894, all annual reports, beginning with that for 1894, have been issued by his successor, Dr. L. O. Howard, the present Chief of Bureau. Prior to 1894 these annual reports contained much research matter, life-history studies, etc., with maps and illustrations. Subsequent to that date, however, the scope of reports has been limited to brief resumes of the main administrative work of the Division (later Bureau) and all technical papers were reserved for publication elsewhere. Beginning with 1894 and since then these reports have been published in the “Annual Reports of PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 9 the Department of Agriculture,” and as author’s separates, although those for 1894 and 1895 were not published separately. The first series of Bulletins issued by the Division of Ento- mology, popularly known as the “‘Old Series,”” comprised 33 bulletins numbered consecutively from 1 to 33 inclusive, and these appeared from 1883 to 1895 inclusive. The second series of Bulletins, popularly known as the ““New Series,” was begun in 1896 and appeared until 1913, during which time 127 numbers in 240 parts were issued. A complete list of these numbers and parts is as follows: Peo a6, 775, 9, 10.11, 125 13, 14; 15,516, 17, 186 19,20, 21, 22,29, 24252 26,27, 26, 29, 30; 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43,44, 45, 46, 47, 48, Bee wie 524 93: 94.55, 56, 57, 98, parts 1, 2,/3, 4, 5,'Contents and Index; 59} 60, 61, 62, 63, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Contents and Index, 64, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, Contents and Index, 65, 66, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Contents and Index, 67, 68, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, Contents and Index, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Contents and Index, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, parts 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, Contents and Index, 81, 82, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Con- tents and Index, 83 part 1, 84, 85, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, Contents and Index, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, parts 1, 2, 3, Contents and Index, 91, Index, (No. 91 also issued as a Congressional document under the number House Document 977, 62d Cong., 3d Sess.), 92, 93, 94, parts 1, 2, Contents and Index, 95, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Contents and Index, 96, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Contents and Index, 97, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Contents and Index, 98, 99, parts 1, 2, Contents and Index, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Contents and Index, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114 (as Senate Document No. 305, 62d Congress, 2d Session), 115 parts 1, 2, 3, Contents and Index, 116, parts, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Contents and Index, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, parts 1, 2, Contents and Index. The U. S. Division (and Bureau) of Entomology Bulletins of the Technical series were issued from 1895 to 1913, (1915) and comprise 27 numbers in 62 parts, and were issued as follows: Dias. te Dede 4, 5.165.758, 9, 10) 11112) -parts 1, 2,13) 4,556; 7, 8, 9, Contents and Index, 13, 14, 15, 16, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Contents and Index, 17 parts 1, 2, Contents and Index, 18, 19, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Contents and Index, 20 parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Contents and Index, 21, 22, 23, parts 1, 2, Contents and Index, 24, 25, parts 1, 2, Contents and Index, 26, 27, parts 1, 2, Contents and Index. The Circulars of the U. S. Division of Entomology known as the first series were nearly all circular letters, many of them without date and the number published “exceeded forty.” Only three of these are known to exist. The Circulars of the Division of Entomology known as the Second Series were issued from 1891 to 1913 and comprise 173 10 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 numbers, number 100 of the series being an index to the numbers previously issued. The publications within this series were nearly all semipopular in character and were designed for dis- tribution to correspondents, and to those people not sufficiently trained to make most efficient use of the more technical matter contained in the various other series. Probably the periodical publication of the Department which has been of the greatest interest to entomologists was that known as “Insect Life.” Volume 1, No. 1 of this publication was dated July, 1888, and the last number issued was Volume 7, No. 5, and was dated July, 1895. A comprehensive index to the seven volumes was prepared by the Department under the super- vision of Dr. F. H. Chittenden, and this greatly enhances the usefulness of the set. It was published in 1897. A few scat- tered numbers of Insect Life may still be obtained by purchase from the Superintendent of Documents, but complete sets are now rather scarce, and may be obtained only from dealers in natural history books. The set was issued at infrequent inter- vals and numbered irregularly. The complete series consists of the following numbers: Vol. 1, Nes..1, 25.3,.4, 55.6, 75,899, 10511; 125 Vol..2;;Nos.15/2,.3; 4 5. qr 95,10, 11. & 12; Vol..3, Nos, 1,.2,:3,4, 5,'6, 7 6¢ 8,9 & 10; 11 & 12; Vols iNaminee 2,3&4,5&6,7& 8,9 & 10, 11 & 12; Vol. 5, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; Vol. 6, Nos. 1, 2 3, 4, 5; Vol. 7, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; General Index to the series. > There also have been issued a number of miscellaneous publi- cations which originated in the Division of Entomology, but which were published in a numbered series of the Secretary’s office or of some other office of the Department, or as separate publications distinct from any series. Probably the more note- worthy of these are the “Bibliography of the more important contributions to American Economic Entomology,” by Hen- shaw and Banks, parts | to 8 inclusive, issued 1889 to 1905; the “Report on Cotton Insects,”’ by J. H. Comstock, already men- tioned; “Reports on Insects Affecting the Orange,” by H. G. Hubbard, issued in 1885; “Insects Affecting the Cotton Plant,” by Dr. L. O. Howard, issued in 1896; certain papers relating to forest insects by Dr. A. D. Hopkins and by Dr. F. H. Chitten- den issued through the then Division (later Bureau) of Forestry; “The Common Crow of the United States,” by W. B. Barrows and E. A. Schwarz, issued as Division of Ornithology and Mammalogy Bulletin No. 6, in 1895; and various papers deal- ing with insecticide experiments prepared in collaboration with, and issued through, the Bureau of Chemistry, from 1902 to 1908. There also exist a few unimportant publications issued PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 11 through the Division of Entomology, Silk Section, from 1889 to 1890. This section was discontinued June 30, 1891. On July 1, 1913, a radical change in the system hitherto in use for the issuance of the publications of the Department was inaugurated, and practically all of the series herein mentioned which were being issued at that date were discontinued. How- ever, there were at that time a number of unfinished parts and indexes to bulletins of the Bureau of Entomology that were added subsequently, the latest (certain indexes to bulletins of the Technical series) being published as late as 1921. Under!the plan of publication adopted July 1, 1913, all publi- cations of the Department of Agriculture issued since that date may be classified as follows: (1) Annual Reports.—These consist of such publications as the annual reports of the various bureaus, divisions, and offices, which, in connection with the Annual Reports of the Secretary, constitute the volume entitled “Annual Reports of the Depart- ment of Agriculture.” This is a continuation of the series begun in 1862. Under the title as quoted, it has been issued since 1894. In addition to these, annual reports of bureau operations were prepared under the Jaw, by the Weather Bureau, since 1891, and a volume has been issued annually since 1899 entitled “Field Operations of the Bureau of Soils.”’ Of these various publications, the “‘Yearbook of the Department of Agriculture,” already described, issued since 1894, is perhaps the most popular, 500,000 copies being printed annually, 470,- 000 of these reserved for distribution by senators, representatives and delegates in Congress, and the remaining 30,000 for distri- bution by the Department. This number is of course insuff- cient even for the Department’s own employees and for volun- teer cooperators. Each of these Yearbooks contains one or more entomological articles which are also’ issued as separates. A few copies of back volumes of the Yearbook may be obtained on application to Members of Congress and most of them may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents. (2) Department Bulletins—These bulletins contain the popular and semitechnical papers which, prior to July 1, 1913, had been published in the bulletin or circular series of the various bureaus, divisions and offices; practically all these latter series having been discontinued on that date. These bulletins are designed to discuss the results of various investi- gations by the Department, each bulletin usually being confined to a particular/subject. Some of these are designated as “Pro- fessional Papers,” although the usage of the term is not uniform. These are intended for free distribution by the Department so long as its supply lasts; and after that applicants are referred to the Superintendent of Documents, who has all numbers not now out of print for sale under the law of 1895. The publications 12 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 issued within this series are numbered consecutively beginning with Number 1, irrespective of the subject of the-individual papers. Unfortunately no Bureau or subject subnumber has been added to indicate the sequence of any paper in the series with any other paper on the same subject issued before or after it, from the same issuing office. Therefore it is impossible, in the absence of such subnumber, for the entomologist who does not have before him a complete list of all the titles issued to date or a list of the numbers thus far issued on entomology, to ascer- tain how many and what particular numbers refer to publica- tions on the subject. It is obvious that the addition of a sub- ject subnumber at the beginning of the publication of the series would have rendered the bulletins of this series much more easy of consultation by both entomologists and librarians. The following is a complete list of the numbers within this series per- taining wholly or in part to entomology, or to some phase of the work of the Federal Horticultural Board, which have been issued to January 1, 1922: 5, 8, 14, 15, 19, 45, 59, 76, 78, 81, 88, 90, 92, 93, 95, 96, 100, 101, 104, 107, 111, 112, 113, 116, 118, 120, 124, 131, 134, 145, 147, 156, 160, 161, 163, 165, 167, 170, 171, 173, 184, 186, 189, 192, 197, 200, 204, 221, 226, 227, 231, 233, 235, 239, 243, 245, 247, 248, 250, 251, 252, 254, 255, 256, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 273, 275, 276, 278, 280, 286, 289, 293, 295, 325, 329, 333, 344, 345, 351, 352, 358, 363, 364, 366, 368, 377, 382, 408, 416, 417, 419, 421, 422, 424, 427, 429, 431, 432, 435, 436, 437, 438, 443, 451, 480, 484, 489, 491, 513, 535, 536, 539, 550, 553, 554, 564, 566, 571, 597, 598, 599, 609, 616, 619, 621, 640, 643, 645, 647, 671, 685, 689, 703, 707, 708, 723, 730, 731, 732, 734, 737, 746, 750, 766, 771, 774, 778, 779, 780, 783, 785, 787, 795, 796, 804, 805, 807, 808, 809, 810, 812, $24, 826, 828, 833, 834, 837, 838, 841, 843, 847, 866, 872, 875, 885, 886, 887, 888, 889, 892, 893, 899, 900, 901, 902, 903, 907, 911, 914, 918, 922, 926, 932, 938, 959, 964, 965, 966, 967, 986, 988, 992, 1008, 1016, 1035. (3) Journal of Agricultural Research.—A portion of the more strictly scientific and technical matter published in the Bureau bulletins and circulars prior to July 1, 1913, appears, under the later plan of publication, in the Journal of Agricultural Research. This was distributed free only to agricultural colleges, technical schools, experiment stations, libraries of large universities, Government depositories, and to such institutions as make suitable exchange with the Department. It was not for free, popular distribution to individuals, but is for sale by direct pur- chase of past issues, or by subscriptions for the then current issues from the Superintendent of Documents. Volumes 1 to 4 of the Journal of Agricultural Research were published monthly, volumes 5 to 16 weekly, volume 17 monthly, volumes 18 to 21 inclusive semimonthly. Beginning with volume 22 the issue PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 13 was weekly. Under a provision of the Sundry Civil Act of March 4, 1921, Government departments were required to sus- pend publication of all periodicals except those receiving the approval of Congress, by December 1, 1921. A _ resolution empowering the Congressional Joint Committee on Printing to authorize the continuance or discontinuance of these periodicals, among them the Journal of Agricultural Research, passed the Senate but did not come to a vote in the House before the adjournment of the 57th Congress, Ist Session. The Journal was therefore suspended with the issue of December 3, volume 22, No. 10, until its continuance is authorized by Congress. Each paper published in the Journal was also issued as a num- bered separate, the series for each issuing office of the Govern- ment and for each State being preceded by a letter; for instance the contributions on entomology from the Federal Bureau of Entomology are known as the “K”’ series. It should be borne in mind, however, that all contributions in the Journal on entomology are not to be found within the ‘K”’ series, as such contributions, when issued from State experiment stations (or, as in the case of New York State, from a particular institution, notably Cornell or Geneva) were then arbitrarily placed under the letter for such State. As such usage also applies to all other subjects designated by the other letters, this renders the finding of desired papers under any of the series exceedingly complex and difficult. The following is a complete list of the Journal separates pertaining wholly or in part to entomology, or some phase of the work of the Federal Horticultural Board, issued to date of publication of this paper: K-1 to 103 inclusive, G. 2, 5, 6, 17, 18, 23, 28, 31, 33, 34, 36, 41, 64, 83, 121, 129, 135, 190, 203, 219, Maine, 3, 13, Kans. 2, 11, Mont. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, Mo., 1, 2, N. Y. (Cornell) 2, 4, N. Y. (Geneva) 4, N. J. 4, Va. 1, Va. (Norfolk) 3, A-32, Ala. 1, Calif. 4,12. E-7, 17, Ky. 4, Minn., 2, 7, 15, 16, 17, 21, 24, 28, Orerasla2 es iNaC..3. LOVOx a 2) (4) Miscellaneous Periodicals—These, in addition to the Journal already indicated, consist of the following: “Experiment Station Record,” v. 1, 1889-90 to v. 45, No. 8, Dec. 1921. Index vols. 1-12 inc., and 13-25 inc. issued by the States Relations Service. This is a technical review of the world’s scientific literature pertaining to agri- culture. “Weekly News Letter,” v. 1, Aug., 1913, to v. 9, No. 19, Dec. 7, 1921, and “Monthly List of Publications,” issued by the Division of Publications. The former discontinued Dec. 14, 1921. Superseded by ‘The Official Record,” v. 1, No. 1, Jan. 4, 1922. 14 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 “Public Roads,” issued by the Office of Public Roads. “Monthly Crop Reporter,” v. 1, No. 1, May 10, 1915, to v. 7, No. 12, Dec. 1921, by Bureau of Crop Estimates. “Monthly Weather Review,” “Climatological Data for the United States,’ and “Snow and Ice Bulletin,” (the latter weekly during winter), issued by the Weather Bureau. “Service and Regulatory Announcements,” issued at irregular intervals by the Federal Horticultural Board. All of these publications, with the exception of the “Monthly List of Publications,”’ are issued in rather limited editions, and are not for popular distribution, though they can be obtained on application by Government and State officials or may be pur- chased at cost of publication from the Superintendent of Docu- ments. The inhibitory provisions of the Sundry Civil Act of March 4, 1921, also apply to the ‘““Weekly News Letter,” the “Monthly Crop Reporter,” and “The Experiment Station Record.” (5) Farmers’ Bulletins —This is the most popular series of publications of the Department, and the pamphlets are designed for the widest possible distribution They vary in size from four to thirty-two pages, or more, dealing in a popular way with a subject, and give clear, positive nontechnical directions for doing things. The demand for these has been so great that the Department has found it necessary to reprint many of the num- bers many times. Most of the earlier numbers between | and 400 are now out of print, and can only be obtained by purchase from the Superintendent of Documents, or from some dealer in second-hand books. Quite a number of the bulletins within this series deal wholly or in part with entomological subjects and specific reference thereto may be found by consulting an “ Index to Farmers’ Bulletins, numbers 1 to 1000,” an octavo volume of 812 pages issued by the Department in 1920. The following comprises a complete list of the Farmers’ Bulletins issued from 1892 to January 1, 1922, dealing wholly or in part with ento- mology, or with some phase of the work of the Federal Horticultural Board: 7,13, 19, 26, 33, 38, 39, 45, 47, 53, 54, 59, 61, 70, 76, 80, 82, 87, 92, 94, 99, 114, 118, 120, 127, 129, 130, 132, 133, 137, 140, 145, 146, 148, 153, 155, 156, 159, 161, 163,165, 169, 171, 172, 173, 174, 177, 178, 189, 190, 191, 196, 204, 209, 211, 212, 216, 217, 220, 223, 225, 227, 231, 232, 243, 244, 247, 255, 258, 259, 261, 262, 264, 267, 275, 276, 281, 282, 283, 284, 288, 290, 296, 302, 305, 307, 309, 313, 314, 319, 320, 322, 324, 334, 339, 341, 343, 344, 353, 354, 356, 374, 378, 387, 388, 390, 397, 412, 415, 416, 418, 422, 424, 427, 431, 433, 434, 435, 436, 439, 440, 442, 443, 444, 447, 450, 453, 455, 456, 457, 459, 460, 463, 467, 476, 478, 479, 480, 482, 484, 485, 488, 489, 492, 493, 495, 497, 498, 500, 501, 503, 504, 506, 512, 513, 517, 527, 528, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 ile) 530, 532, 537, 540, 543, 547, 549, 557, 564, 569, 571, 580, 582, 587, 595, 598, 603, 605, 606, 607, 609, 611, 613, 618, 621, 624, 625, 626, 627, 630, 634, 636, 637, 639, 640, 642, 648, 649, 650, 653, 657, 658, 659, 662, 668, 671, 674, 675, 679, 681, 683, 684, 685, 690, 691, 693, 694, 695, 699, 701, 705, 708, 711, 713, 714, 721, 722, 723, 725, 731, 733, 734, 735, 736, 737, 739, 740, 741, 744, 747, 750, 752, 754, 755, 759, 760, 762, 763, 766, 770, 772, 776, 778, 784, 789, 791, 793, 798, 799, 801, 804, 819, 831, 835, 837, 843, 844, 845, 846, 848, 851, 856, 857, 860, 862, 867, 868, 872, 875, 880, 890, 891, 897, 902, 908, 909, 912, 914, 915, 923, 926, 928, 933, 940, 942, 944, 950; 954, 957, 959, 961, 971, 975, 980, 982, 983, 994, 1003, 1006, 1007, 1011, 1012, 1014, 1017, 1020, 1024, 1025, 1029, 1031, 1037, 1038, 1039, 1041, 1046, 1056, 1057, 1061, 1065, 1070, 1074, 1076, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1086, 1090, 1094, 1097, 1098, 1101, 1102, 1104, 1110, 1126, 1128, 1140, 1147, 1148, 1154, 1156, 1158, 1162, 1169, 1177, 1180, 1185, 1188, 1190, 1193, 1197, 1198, 1203, 1206, 1217, 1220, 1225, 1237, 1239, 1246. (6) Department Circulars.—This series is comparable to the Farmers’ Bulletin series, except that it contains a greater number of publications issued under special conditions for emergency purposes. The entomological numbers are: 35, 40, 79, 154, 162, 163, 167, 172, 201, 210, 216, 218. (7) Circulars, Office of the Secretary.—The few articles within this series pertaining to entomology have been brief and popular in scope, and it now seems unlikely that future articles on the subject will appear in this series. Those on entomology are: Nos. 37, 40, 51, 55, 61, 87, 127. (8) Reports, Office of the Secretary—Most of the articles pertaining to entomology which have appeared within the series of numbered Reports, Office of the Secretary, are technical or descriptive papers such as hitherto appeared in the Bureau of Entomology Technical Series. Those on Entomology are: Nos. 51, 57, 74, 78, 99, 101, 102, 107 and 108. Contrary to popular notion, there is not maintained by the Department any general mailing list of persons who receive all of the publications issued, as such system would be an inexcus- ably wasteful and unsatisfactory method of distribution. In- stead, there is issued the “Monthly List of Publications,” to which reference already has been made, about the first of each month through the Division of Publications, and this is sent regularly to all who make application to that office for it. From this list, information may be obtained as to what has been pub- 16 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 lished during the month and how to obtain it. In requesting these publications, it should be emphasized, that in making application one should not request everything on the list merely because it happens to be free, for a limited number of bulletins carefully studied are of much greater service than a bulky file of several hundred numbers placed on one’s shelves, and then forgotten. The following bibliographical works, in addition to those already enumerated, will supply detailed information as to what has been published on various subjects, including ento- mology, by the Department since its organization down to and including the publications issued under the new system inaugu- rated July 1, 1913. 1888—Schwarz, E. A. et al. “An enumeration of the published synopses, catalogues, and lists of North American insects.” U. S. Division of Entomology. Bulletin (Old Series) No. 19. 77 pages. 1889—Henshaw, Samuel. Bibliography of American economic entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Division of Entomology. Part 1. The more important writings of Benjamin Dann Walsh. 49 pages. Part 2. The more important writings of B. D. Walsh and C. V. Riley. Part 3. The more important writings of C. V. Riley. 454 pages. 1892—Riley, C. V. Directions for collecting and preserving insects. U. S. National Museum Bulletin No. 39, part F. Bibliography; pp. 131-147. 1895—Henshaw, Samuel. Bibliography of American economic entomology, Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology. Part 4, The more important writings of Government and State entomologists, and of other contributors to the literature of American economic entomology. A-K. 167 pages. 1896—Anon. List of publications of the United States Department of Agri- culture from 1841 to June 30, 1895 inclusive, 76 pages. 1896—Anon. Index to the Annual Reports of the United States Department of Agriculture, from 1837-1893 inclusive, United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Publications Bulletin No. 1, 252 pages. 1896—Henshaw, Samuel. Bibliography of American economic entomology. Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology. Part 5. The more important writings of Government and State entomologists, and of other contributions to the literature of American economic entomology. L-Z. 179 pages. 1897—Thompson, G. W. & Hill, G. W.—Synoptical index of the Reports of the Statistician, 1863-1894, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Publications Bulletin No. 2, 258 pages. 1898—Banks, Nathan.—Bibliography of American economic entomology. Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology. Part 6. The more important writings published between June 30, 1888, and December 30, 1896. 273 pages. 1898—Thompson, G. W., & Hill, G. W.—Index to authors with titles of their PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 17 publications appearing in the documents of the U. S. Department of Agricuiture, 1841-1897, 303 pages. 1900—Banks, Nathan.—A list of works on North American entomology, com- piled under the direction of the entomologist for the use of students and other workers as well as for those about to begin the collection and study of insects. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Division of Entomology Bulletin (New Series) No. 24. .95 pages. 1901—Anon.—Catalogue of the periodicals and other serial publications ex- clusive of U. S. Government publications in the Library of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Library Bulletin No. 37, 362 pp. 1907. Supplement No. 1, 1901-1905, 217 pages. 1901—Banks, Nathan.—Bibliography of American economic entomology. Department of Agriculture. Division of Entomology. Part 7. The more important writings published between December 31, 1896, and January 1, 1900. 113 pages. 1902—Handy, R. B., & Cannon, M. A.—List by titles of publications of the United States Department of Agriculture, from 1840 to June, 1901, in- clusive. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Publications No. 6, 216 pages. 1904—Anon.—Bibliography of United States public documents, Departmental List No. 1, List of Publications of the Agricultural Department 1862-1902 with analytical index, prepared in the Office of the Superintendent of Documents, 623 pages. 1905—Banks, Nathan.—Bibliography of American economic entomology. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology. Part 8. The more important writings published between December 31, 1899, and January eS el32 paces: 1906—Anon.—Catalogue of publications relating to entomology in the Library of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Prepared under the direction of the Librarian, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Library Bulletin No. 55, 562 pages. 1909—Anon.—List of periodicals currently received in the Library of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, arranged by title and by subject. Depart- ment of Agriculture Library Bulletin No. 75, 72 pages. 1909—Banks, Nathan.—Directions for collecting and preserving insects. U.S. National Museum Bulletin No. 67. Bibliography pp. 127-131. 1910—Banks, Nathan.—A list of works on North American entomology, com- piled under the direction of the entomologist for the use of students and other workers, as well as for those about to begin the collection and study of insects. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Bulletin (New Series) No. 81. 120 pages. 1910—Colcord, Mabel.—List of publications of the Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Bur. Ent. Cir. (New Series) No. 76, 32 pages. 1912—Anon.—Catalogue of publications relating to forestry, in the Library of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, U. S. Dept. Agr. Library Bulletin 76. 302 pages. 1917—Banks, Nathan. Index to the literature of American economic ento- mology, Jan. 1, 1905, to Dec. 31, 1914. American Association of Eco- 18 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 nomic Entomologists, Melrose Highlands, Mass. Special publications 1. 323 pages. 1918—Anon.—United States Department of Agriculture Division of Publica- tions. List of Farmers’ Bulletins by subjects. 7 pages. 1919—Anon.—U. S. Department of Agriculture publications available for dis- tribution, revised to July 1, 1919. 234 pages. 1921—Anon.—U. S. Department of Agriculture publications available for distribution revised to June, 1921. 170 pages. The 1919 publication contains an alphabetical index to all publications available for free distribution at date of issue and of those no longer for free distribution, but which may be ob- tained from the Superintendent of Documents. It also has a numerical list of the Departmental publications issued since July 1, 1913, and a complete list of Farmers’ Bulletins with all out of print numbers indicated. The latest edition of this publi- cation is sent free on application to any one by the Division of Publications. 1921—Colcord, Mabel.—Index II to the literature of American economic entomology, Jan. 1, 1915, to Dec. 31,1919. Amer. Asso. of Econ. Entomologists, Melrose Highlands, Mass. Special Publication 2, 388 pages. The following price lists of the Superintendent of Documents will furnish detailed information as to the prices of available Departmental publications: Nos. 11-9th Ed.; 16-14th Ed.; 20-9th Ed.; 36-10th Ed., 38-12th Ed., 39-7th Ed.; 40-8th Ed.; 41-11th Ed.; 42-10th Ed.; 43-13th Ed.; 46-13th Ed.; 48-9th Ed.; 68. It is inexpedient to attempt any hard and fast, invariable dis- tinction between the Government publication which is free, and that for which a charge is made. The supply of a particular document may be exhausted one month, and then be renewed by reprinting the next month, a charge being made in the mean- while for those for sale out of the reserve stock by the Superin- tendent of Documents; or the free supply may never be renewed, with the result that such documents, originally free, will there- after rank as sale publications. United States Smithson‘an Institution: The Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., was created by an Act of Congress on August 10, 1846, in accordance with the Will of James Smithson, an English scientist, who be- queathed the reversion of an estate amounting to $515,169.00 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 19 to the United States Government to “Found in the City of Washington an institution for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.”’ It is the policy of the Institution to “increase knowledge” by stimulating men of talent to make original researches through the offering of suitable awards for memoirs containing new truths, and devoting annually a portion of the income for practical research under the direction of suit- able persons, “‘to diffuse knowledge.” Detailed information regarding the origin, scope of work, and publications may be obtained by consulting a volume entitled “‘The Smithsonian Institution, Origin & History, 1835-1889,” by Wm. J. Rhees, issued in 2 volumes as Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections No. 1035 and 1036. It is the policy of the Smithsonian Institu- tion, first, to publish a series of practical reports on the progress of the different branches of knowledge, and second, to publish occasional separate treatises on subjects of general interest. The serial publications of the Smithsonian Institution are as follows: 1, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge: This is a quarto series of original memoirs embracing the records of extended original investigations and researches; it was begun in 1848 and now comprises 35 volumes. 2, Smithsonian Misce!laneous Collections: This comprises an octavo series of papers on the present state of knowledge on particular branches of science; it was begun in 1860 and now con- sists of 72 volumes. Since 1903 a quarterly issue has been pub- lished as a part of this series. It is designed in this series to publish reports on the present state of knowledge of particular branches of science, lists and synopsis of species of the organic and norganic world, museum catalogs, reports of explorations, aids to bibliographical investigationss, etc., all of which are generally prepared at the specific request of and at the expense of the Institution. Several of the publications thus far issued within this series pertain to entomology, notably No. 507, “‘The Classifications of the Coleoptera of North America,” by LeConte and Horn, and No. 1444, “A Catalogue of North American Dip- tera,” by J.M.Aldrich. The allocation of the work to one or the other of the above two series occasionally depends upon whether the required illustrations can be presented more conveniently in the quarto or octavo form. In both of these series each article is separately paged and indexed and the actual date of its publication is that given on its special title page and not on that of the volume in which it may be placed; thus in a number of cases separates have been published and generally distributed, years before their combination into volumes. 3. Annual Reports of the Board of Regents: This series also is octavo in form and consists of the reports and proceedings of the officers of the Institution, together with a general appendix 20 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 containing a selection of memoirs of interest to collaborators and correspondents of the Institution, teachers and others engaged in the promotion of knowledge. These reports began in 1846 and have been published annually since that time, the latest number being that for 1919. This series contains occasional articles pertaining to some phase of entomology Entomological articles also are contained in three volumes, (v, 7,9, and do pt. 1), of the Memoirs of the National Academy of Science issued through the Smithsonian Institution. The Smithsonian Institution maintains for the distribution of these publications, mailing lists to public libraries and other educational institutions but it maintains no'general mailing list of individuals. It issues, at regular intervals, a classified list of its publications available for distribution on that date, and this list is sent to any one on application to the Institution. Detailed instructions relative to making application for the pub- lications may be found in the introduction to that list. In view of the fact that a number of publications occasionally are distrib- uted gratis, it is necessary for the applicant to state reasons for his request and to indicate the necessity for securing the publi- cation. It is intended to supply these publications only as an aid to researches or studies in which the applicant is especially interested. A work entitled “Catalogue of Publications of the Smith- sonian Institution 1846 to 1882” by Wm. J. Rhees was issued in 1882 as Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections No. 478. This was a volume of 328 octavo pages and contained an excel- lent alphabetical index to all the series down to that date. ‘ The “Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution” for 1886 con- tains a catalogue and index of the Smithsonian publications from 1846 to 1886 inclusive. It is regretted exceedingly that no later catalogues of this character have been published. United States National Museum: The publications of the United States National Museum, which is under the administration of the Smithsonian Institu- tion, consist of the following series: 1.—Annual Report of the United States National Museum. This constitutes the second volume of the Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution, the first one thus issued being for the year 1884. The special papers in these volumes, where available, are furnished free as separates to those interested. Subsequent to 1904 this series has contained only administrative reports. A certain number of these volumes are assigned to the Museum for distribution to libraries and to correspondents, and to contributors to the collections. A certain portion of the edition also is distributed by Members of Congress. 2 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 pM - 2.—The Proceedings of the United States National Museum be- gan in 1878 and now consist of 58 bound volumes and the series contain 2,353 separates, numbered consecutively. The papers contained in this series are technical and describe or are based wholly or in part upon material in the museum. Separates of these papers can be obtained without charge by specialists and others engaged in scientific work. The completed volumes are sent only to libraries. The separates often appear many months in advance of the bound volumes, and at the date of publication of this article all the separates for volume 59 and separates for volume 60 have been issued. Beginning with volume 60 the articles in each volume are numbered consecu- tively and each article is paged separately. The following, comprising 349 numbers issued to January 1, 1922, within this series, pertain to entomology and to nearly related subjects: Hymenoptera (123 numbers). (532), 760,779, 881, 905, 1025, 1092, 1102, 1142, 1157, 1202, 1206, 1387, 1413, 1416, 1424, 1438, 1448, 1487, 1674, 1717, 1722, 1730, 1733, 1739, 1745, 1754, 1774, 1777, 1786, 1789, 1794, 1804, 1806, 1812, 1818, 1830, 1832, 1837, 1852, 1855, 1859, 1866, 1869, 1880, 1888, 1897, 1902, 1920, 1925, 1927, 1930, 1932, 1942, 1960, 1964, 1968, 1974, 1977, 1979, 1981, 1984, 1986, 1991, 2010, 2029, 2031, 2035, 2045, 2048, 2052, 2061, 2064, 2068, 2081, 2083, 2085, 2087, 2095, 2105, 2136, 2140, 2148, 2161, 2173, 2178, 2195, 2197, 2202, 2204, 2206, 2208, 2213, 2216, 2219, 2249, 2252, 2261, 2264, 2266, 2279, 2281, 2284, 2293, 2296, 2299, 2309, 2312, 2315, 2317, 2320, 2326, 2332, 2334, 2340, 2349, 2361, 2364, 2366, 2368, 2374, 2378, 2396, 2399. Lepidoptera (66 numbers). 581, 647, 706, 781, 838, 839, 851, 890, 891, 892, 1062, 1063, 1064, 1065, 1098, 1140, 1184, 1203, 1208, 1209, 1262, 1268, 1283, 1290, 1304, 1375, 1376, 1398, 1412, 1419, 1420, 1421, 1423, 1434, 1444, 1456, 1463, 1465, 1488, 1506, 1550, 1567, 1597, 1601, 1644, 1645, 1649, 1742, 1753, 1765, 1815, 1885, 1947, 1951, 1987, 2039, 2043, 2046, 2050, 2054, 2056, 2132, 2139, 2239, 2305, 2307, 2372. Diptera (42 numbers). 331, 348, 532, 1073, 1146, 1198, 1225, 1227, 1243, 1280, 1516, 1632, 1719, 1934, 1935, 1938, 1945, 1953, 1958, 1962, 1966, 1972, 2004, 2015, 2018, 2024, 2033, 2070, 2072, 2080, 2097, 2099, 2101, 2103, 2115, 2128, 2141, 2152, (2204), 2227, 2301, 2330, 2344, 2405, 2406. Orthop- tera (29 numbers). 764, 1124, 1215, 1333, 1335, 1363, 1364, 1378, 1403, 1432, 1439, 1450, 1453, 1459, 1461, 1530, 1563, 1599, 1650, 1661, 1760, 1910, 1949, 1956, 2001, 2058, 2093, 2130, 2176. Coleoptera (25 numbers). 747, 1040, 1041, 1085, 1094, 1096, 1113, (1119), 1130, 1143, 1275, 1604, 1708, 1889, 1982*, 1988, 2066, 2159, 2171, 2189*, 2271, 2323, 2353, 2365, 2370, 2387. Miscellaneous Insects (16 numbers). 12, 440, 771, 951, 1119, 1441, 1687, 1955*, 2000*, 2119*, 2146*, 2181*, 2210*, 2237*, 2313*, 2358*. Hemiptera (13 numbers). 924, 1026, 1108, 1122, 1138, 1360, 1362, 2041, 2150, 2156, 2269, 2289, 2380*. Odonata (15 numbers). 1046, 1047, 1331, 1371, 1389, 1571, 1692, 1710, 1928, 2017, 2089, 2107, 2192, 2199, 2390. Thysanoptera (3 numbers) 1310, 1590, 2008. Collem- *Relate to fossil insects. Numbers in parentheses are duplicated. Be) PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 bola (2 numbers). 2134, 2222. Siphonaptera (2 numbers). 1361, 1417. Strepsiptera (2 numbers). 1834, 2242. Thysanura (1 number). 2037. Mal- lophaga (1 number). 2201. Araneida (6 numbers). 782, 950, 1223, 1253, 1284, 2143. Acarina (5 numbers). 1382, 1553, 2167, 2303, 2394. Myriapoda (2 numbers). 714, 2402. 3.—The series entitled “Bulletins of the United States National Museum” was first issued in 1875. The latest num- ber of the series is No.117. The bulletins are intended primarily for libraries, but when available are given also: to specialists working on the groups to which they relate. The following numbers of this series thus far issued pertain to entomology or related subjects: General Entomology, Nos. 19; 39, parts F, L, & O; 67: ‘Diptera, Nos.,31;.116. Lepidoptera, Taso eeer 44. 48; 52. Hymenoptera, Nos. 45; 83. Coleoptera, No. 63. Strepsiptera, No. 66. Araneida, No. 72. Hemiptera, No. 85. Isoptera, No. 108. 4.—The series entitled Special Bulletins of the U. S. National -Museum has been issued in quarto size at irregular intervals and this form and series has been used only where a size larger than octavo was deemed especially desirable for presentation of the subject matter or illustrations. 5.—The series known as Circulars of the U. S. National Museum was issued primarily to bring to immediate notice the urgent wants of the Museum or to publish special information with the least possible delay. The first numbers of this series were issued in 1881 and the series now contains 51 numbers. 6.—Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. These papers already mentioned in discussion of the publica- tions of the Department of Agriculture, have been published subsequent to July, 1902, by the U. S. National Museum. None of the above mentioned publications are for sale by the National Museum but are issued for free distribution to those interested so long as the supply lasts. When no longer available through the Museum, a number of the publications can be pro- cured through the office of the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. A detailed descriptive list of the Museum publications from 1875 to 1900 inclusive may be found in Bulletin 51 of the Museum, entitled ‘A List of the Publications of the United States National Museum,” by R. I. Geare, issued in 1902, and Supplement No. 1 to same issued in 1906, and a booklet en- titled ‘“‘Publications issued by the United States National Museum from 1906 to 1912” inclusive, issued in 1914. Detailed lists for the respective years of all National Museum publica- tions issued since 1912 may be found in each of the “Annual Reports of the U. S. National Museum” issued since that date. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 23 United States Department of the interior: REPORTS OF SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITIONS: A number of exploring expeditions have been undertaken at various times by the U.S. Government and several of these were accompanied by scientists who made large collections and voluminous notes, the results of which were later published. Details regarding the publication of these surveys may be found in a 90-page pamphlet entitled “Reports of the explorations printed in the documents of the United States Government; a contribution toward a bibliography,” by A. R. Hasse, published in 1899 by the Superintendent of Documents. Probably the four great surveys conductedbetween 1867 and 1879, prior to the organization of the United States Geological Survey, are of the most importance to the entomologist, and are the publica- tions which are most readily to be obtained or to be consulted. These are, (1) U. S. Geological and Geographic Survey of the Territories by F. V. Hayden, a series which comprises annual reports, final reports or monographs, bulletins, miscellaneous publications, unclassified publications and maps; (2) U. S. Geological Exploration of the 40th Parallel by Clarence King, a series which comprises annual reports, final reports or mono- graphs, an atlas and a special publication; (3) The United States Geographic andYGeological Survey of the Rocky Mountains by J. W. Powell, a series which comprises early reports, final reports and contributions to North American Ethnology; (4) The United States Geographical Surveys west of the 100th Meridian by George M. Wheeler, a series which comprises annual reports, final reports or monographs, unclassified publications, and an extensive series of atlas sheets, and topographic, geologic and land classification maps. Practically complete files of most of the reports of these great explorations may be consulted at all of the principal libraries, and a number of scattered volumes may still be obtained by pur- chase from the Superintendent of Documents, or through natural history book dealers. A very full and complete cata- logue and index of the publications of the Hayden, King, Powell and Wheeler Surveys has been prepared by L. F. Schmeckebier and has been issued as U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 222. The index to this publication contains all the references of importance in the series pertaining to entomology. ‘The series as a whole contains something over a hundred papers bearing on entomological subjects, some of which, notably on Lepidop- tera and Coleopteraf are still of very high scientific value. Notable examples ofthe valuable character of these publications may be indicated in three monographs of the Hayden Survey, Volume 5 entitled, ““Synopsis of the Acridiidae of North America,” by Cyrus Thomas; Volume 10, ‘Monograph of the 24 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 Geometrid Moths, or Phalaenidae of the United States,” by A. S. Packard; and Volume 13, the “Tertiary Insects of North America,”’ by Samuel H. Scudder. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY: The publications of the U. S. Geological Survey comprise (1) Annual Reports, of which 41 annual volumes in 84 parts have been issued; (2) Monographs, of which 54 numbers have been issued; (3) Professional Papers, of which 128 numbers have been issued: (4) Bulletins, of which 720 numbers have been issued, (5) Water-supply Papers,,of which 492 numbers have been issued: (6) Mineral Resources of the United States, issued annually since 1882, both in-the form of completed volumes and of separates of the various chapters; (7) Folios of the Topo- graphical Atlas of the United States of which more than 2,800 portions have been engraved and printed; (8) Folios of the Geological Atlas of the United States, of which a large number of volumes have been issued, many of which are now out of print. The series indicated under Nos. 2, 7 and 8, are sold by the Superintendent of Documents at cost of printing; all other publications of the Survey are distributed free upon application, though it is impossible to comply with general requests for all publications that are distributed free, or for requests for all publications of any series or on any subject. No person can obtain more than one copy of any one publication. In a num- ber of instances where the Geological Survey’s own stock has become exhausted, the publication, formerly free, can be ob- tained by purchase from the Superintendent of Documents, or from dealers in second hand scientific books. A number of the publications of the Geological Survey pertain to entomologicall subjects, especially to fossil insects, for example: Monograph 21 on ‘Tertiary Rhynchophorous Coleoptera of the United States,” by S. H. Scudder; No. 40 “Coleoptera from Tertiary deposits at Florissant,” etc., by S. Ho. Scudder;) Nos 275 4 Treatise on Metamorphism”’ by C. R. Van Hise; Bulletin 69 “A classed and annotated bibliography of fossil insects” by Scudder; No. 71 “Index to known fossil insects of the world” by S. H. Scudder, etc. There are also issued by the Survey a number of publications not to be classified as entomological but which are of general usefulness to field entomologists, such as “ Guide Book of the Western United States,”” Parts, A, B, C and D, and the “Dictionary of Altitudes in the United States,” by Henry Gannett. A well indexed Bibliography of North Ameri- can Geology is issued annually by the Survey, and the file of this series may be consulted in all the principal libraries. The Survey also issues annually, for free distribution, a list of its own PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 25 publications, and this list may be obtained by any one upon application to the Survey. United States Treasury Department: The Bureau of Public Health Service of the Treasury Depart- ment comprises, in addition to the administrative offices, seven divisions, the operations of which are coordinated and are under the immediate supervision of the Surgeon-General. These divisions are as follows: (1) Scientific Research, (2) Foreign and Insular Quarantine and Immigration, (3) Domestic Quarantine, (4) Sanitary Reports and Statistics, (5) Marine Hospitals and Relief, (6) Personnel and Accounts, (7) Venereal Diseases. In order to coordinate to best advantage the educational work carried on by the various divisions of the Public Health Service, and especially to extend the educational services which the Bureau can render to the public at large, a section of public health education was established in 1919. This section aims to constitute itself a national center or clearing house on the sub- ject of public health education, and it is hoped that eventually all the common avenues of publicity and education may be utilized. The scope of the work includes the preparation of _ press bulletins, the utilization of photographs and plates, the pub- lication of lithographed health posters, the organization of a lecture service, the administration of a loan library of stereopti- con slides and moving pictures, the preparation and organiza- tion of traveling exhibits, the maintenance of a public health information bureau, and the employment of such other educa- tional methods as circumstances may render advisable. These various activities are in close cooperation with State and local health authorities and with other important health organiza- tions. The Public Health Service also issues a great number and variety of health publications, consisting of the following: Public Health Bulletins, Venereal Disease Bulletins, Keep Well Series, Posters, Public Health Reports with reports and supple- ments, Hygienic Laboratory Bulletins, Miscellaneous Publica- tions, Annual Reports and Yellow Fever Institute bulletins. A considerable number of these publications are of the utmost value to entomologists, especially to those who are specializing in various phases of medical entomology, notably those publica- tions on mosquitoes and flies. The Division of Scientific Re- search, already mentioned, conducts the scientific investigations of the service which include intensive studies of diseases of man, including malaria, typhoid fever, and other insect-borne dis- orders. Much attention is given to industrial hygiene, rural sanitation, milk and water pollution and sewage. Technical and purely laboratory studies are conducted, not only at the Hygienic Laboratory in Washington, but at special field labora- 26 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 tories. Detailed information regarding the current activities and investigations of the Service may be found in the latest Annual Report of the Public Health Service for 1921, Treasury Department Document No. 2903. A complete list of all the available publications of the Service may be obtained on appli- cation to the Bureau of Public Health Service, Surgeon-Gen- eral’s Office, 3 B Street S. E., Washington, D. C. United States War Department: THE LIBRARY OF THE SURGEON-GENERAL’S OFFICE. While the last fifty years form the most brilliant period in the history of medicine, one of the most noteworthy contribu- tions has been the publication of the great catalogue of medical literature. This achievement largely was rendered possible by the establishment of a great national medical library. Much of the credit for this is due to the extraordinary energy and enthusiasm of that remarkable librarian, Dr. John Shaw Bill- ings. At the close of the American Civil War, Dr. Billings, who had been an army surgeon, was assigned to duty in the Surgeon- General’s Office, and it was through his influence, and his knowledge of the need for accessible medical and scientific litera- ture, that an unexpended fund of $80,000 was devoted to the pur- - chase of medical books. Through his efforts the growth of the Library thus formed was rapid, and by 1871 it contained about 13,000 volumes, and by 1873 about 25,000 volumes. The neces- sary appropriations were obtained from Congress and the work was pushed with such skill and diligence that the Library now con- tains something over 254,000 volumes and 362,000 pamphlets. The collection of medical periodicals and serials is the largest in the world, and probably one of the most useful. Approxi- mately 1,500 scientific periodicals and serials are available in the reading room of the Library for the benefit of physicians, scientists and others. The Library possesses a collection of over 300 separate items of medical incunabula, forming one of the most complete of the kind in America. It has also many rare editions of mediaeval and renaissance scientific literature, and a huge mass of smaller pamphlet writings of later times. It is, however, essentially a modern scientific library. There may be found therein copies of all the medical works appearing in the various countries, also files of medical and scientific journals and transactions of societies related to medicine such as general biology, botany, chemistry, zoology, entomology, anthropology, etc., in the various languages. The resources of this Library are thus enumerated for the reason that all this storehouse of knowledge is rendered accessi- ble to the entomologist through the publication by the Library PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL, 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 Os | of the magnificent “Index Catalogue of the Surgeon-General’s Library.” The first volume of this work appeared in 1880, and subsequent to that time one volume was issued each year. The first series of 16 volumes was therefore completed in 1895. The Second Series, consisting of 21 volumes, was completed in 1916. The European War and consequent chaos caused considerable delay in the further prosecution of the work, but the Third Series was commenced in 1918, and thus far two volumes have appeared. “What makes the Index Catalogue of the Surgeon-General’s Library a monumental work,” says Dr. Albert Alleman, “‘is the fact that it is a subject as well as an author catalogue, in which the contents of all medical periodicals have been indexed and classified under proper headings and sub-headings for the first time. The catalogue, as its name implies, is a true Index Catalogue, in which all books and journal articles appear under the various subjects and the author and subject titles form one continuous alphabet.” Detailed information respecting the history and scope of the Library and its publications may be found in an article entitled “The Library of the Surgeon-General’s Office at Washington,” by Albert Alleman, M. D., Principal Assistant Librarian, Surgeon-General’s Office, in “Janus, Archives internationales pour l’Histoire de la Medicine et la Geographie Medicale,” 1921, pp. 225-229, and in “A History of Medicine,” by F. H. Garri- son, Second edition, Saunders, 1917. CONCLUSION. It will not be found to be the part of wisdom for the student to accumulate books indiscriminately in large numbers or to acquire bulky and ill-considered files of free bulletins to remain on his shelves unstudied. It is desirable that he should acquire at the outset a collection of the more useful standard books, periodicals and bulletins on general entomology for reference, and later should allow the thoroughness and trend of his studies to determine the number and subjects of his professional book purchases. Indiscriminate acquisition merely because the pub- lications may chance to be objects of passing interest, not only tends to divert expenditures from the more useful to the less useful, but also fosters loose habits of thinking, and may divert time and attention into miscellaneous reading which otherwise might be more efficiently employed in reading on main problems. In this as in other things the good often may be the enemy of the best. A limited number of publications well digested are of infinitely more value than an impressive and showy array of books and pamphlets, a knowledge of the contents of which the owner may be entirely innocent. The essential principle is as 28 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 true in entomology as in mechanics that “‘a determined soul will do more with a rusty monkey wrench than a loafer will accomplish with a machine shop.” It should be remembered, however, in this connection, that the utmost pains constantly should be taken by the entomolo- gist to keep actively in touch with what is being published. Even though the works are not always actually obtained, the student should know something about the latest publications and most recent authorities, and when a new work comes out which is found to be really useful for his specific purpose it should be added without fail to the student’s list of reference books, even though its acquisition may represent pecuniary sacrifice on his part. It is realized that where one’s personal funds are limited it sometimes requires nice discrimination and business acumen to decide in such cases whether one is really “canny” or is merely “penny wise and pound foolish.” A mental impoverishment and consequent failure to grasp oppor- tunity may be a poor recompense for a few pennies saved. Nothing.is so fatal to sound habits of study as the lack of intense and hearty interest in the subject, and the substitution therefor of artificiality and dilettanteism. It is safe to say that the average entomologist of to-day in reviewing his literary efforts is profoundly struck by the vast difference between actualities and the ideals existing in the back of his mind—be- tween that which he desires to accomplish and that which he actually accomplishes. In this connection one of the most common peas we hear is that the entomologist is so busy or so engrossed with his particular specialty, or so occupied with other things, that he has no leisure to keep up with newly issued literature or for adequate observation, reading, and thought, but this plea will vanish as soon as he really desires these things so much that he begins seriously to examine the present use of his time. Ifa person desires strongly enough to possess a thing at all within the range of his attainments, he will usually manage to find the time for it. Sincere desire and earnestness of purpose will be such a safeguard that he will enter thoroughly into the spirit of his work and will not permit his life to be contracted and thrown out of poise and balance by overspecialization, or to be so frittered away by inconsequential details as to lose correct perspective of relative values. In the study of entomological literature as of most other sub- jects, it can not be too strongly emphasized that nothing can possibly take the place of personal enthusiasm and personal work and these must always be developed from within. “No system or discipline can supersede the necessity of being forever on the alert.”’ ‘“‘We can not get wisdom while we sleep.” “Safety does not-lie in stupidity alone.” The training of the best school fails unless it emphasizes the importance of continual PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 29 and systematic study as the habit of a lifetime. Such habit is a growth and a development, not a creation. REFERENCES. In addition to the works already mentioned, the following works have been consulted or drawn upon as needed in the preparation of the foregoing paper: Agricultural index, The. A subject index to the contents of 97 agricultural periodicals, American and foreign, also to many bulletins, pamphlets and Government reports. 1916-21, volumes 1-6 inc. White Plains, N. Y. Wilson. Anon.—A handbook of learned societies and institutions. America. Carne- gie Institution’s publication No. 39, 1908. Bibliography of North American geology. 1906-1918. Washington, Gov’t. Printing Office. 1907 et seq. U.S. Geological Survey Bulls. 372, 409, 444, 495, 524, 545, 584, 617, 645, 665, 684, 898. Bowker, Richard Rogers. Publications of societies; a provisional list of the publications of American sctentific, literary and other societies from their organization. New York. Publisher’s weekly. 1899. 181 p. Clarke, Edith E. Guide to the use of United States Government publications. Boston. Boston Book Co., 1918. 308 p. Darton, Nelson Horatio. Catalogue and index of contributions to North American geology. 1732-1891. Washington. Government Printing Office. 1896. 1045p. U.S. Geological Survey Bull. 127. Everhart, Elfrida. Handbook of United States public documents. A brief history of the publications of the various government departments. White Plains, N. Y. Wilson. 1910, 320 p. Hadley, A. T. Facilities for study and research in the offices of the United States Government at Washington. 1909. U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Education, Bull. 1909, No. 1. Whole No. 398. 73 p. Hasse, Adelaide R. comp. Reports of explorations printed in the documents of the United States Government. (A contribution toward a bibliography.) Washington. Office of Sup’t of Documents, 1899. 90 p. Howard, L.O. The recent progress and present condition of economic ento- mology. Science, N. S., volume 26, 1907, pp. 769-791. Howard, L.O. Progress in economic entomology in the United States. Year- book U. S. Department of Agriculture 1899, pp. 135-156, pl. 3. Index Medicus. A quarterly classified record of the current medical literature of the world. Carnegie Institution of Washington. First Series. 1879- 1899. Second Series, 1903-1920. Third Series, 1921 et seq. Johnson, W. Dawson, and Mudge, Isadore G. Special collections in the libraries in the United States, U. S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Education. Bull. 1912, No. 23, 1912. Whole No. 495. 140 p. Kroeger, Alice B., and Mudge, Isadore G. Guide to the study and.use of refer- ence books. Third edition, revised and enlarged throughout. Chicago, Ill. American Library Association Publishing Board. 1917. 235 pages. 30 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 Library of Congress. Publications issued by the library since 1897. Wash- ington, Government Printing Office. October, 1920. 56 p. Marlatt, C. L. A brief historical survey of the science of entomology with an estimate of what has been and what remains to be accomplished. Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 4, 1897, pp. 83-118. Merrill, George. P. comp. Contributions to a history of American State Geo- logical and Natural History Surveys. U.S. National Museum Bull. 109, 1920. 549 p. Minerva Jahrbuch der Galehrten welt XXIII. Jahrgang, 1912-1914. Strass- burg, 1914. Morris, John G. Contributions toward a history of entomology in the United States. Amer. Jour. Sci. (Silliman’s Jour.), Ser. 2, vol. 1, pp. 17—27,1846. Noyes, Frederick K. Teaching material in Government publications. Wash- ington. U. S. Department of Interior, Bur. of Education Bull. 1913, No. 47. Whole No. 558. 61 p. Packard, A.S. Guide to the study of insects. Ninth ed. Holt, 1888. Ento- mological works pp. 97-103. Packard, A. S. Entomology for beginners, third ed. revised. Holt, 1899. The Entomologist’s Library, pp. 326-335. Poole’s index to periodical literature. 1802-1881. Boston. Houghton Miff- lin Co., 1891. 2 vols. Supplements, Jan. 1882—Jan. 1, 1907. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co., 1887- 1908. 5 vols. Poole’s index to periodical literature. Abridged ed. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1901. 843 p. First supplement, 1900-1904. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1905. 260 p. Royal Society of London. Catalogue of the periodical publications in the lib- rary. Oxford University Press. 1912. 445 p. Schwarz, E. A. North American publications on entomology. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. v. 2, pp. 5-23, 1890. Scudder, Samuel H. The entomological libraries of the United States. Library of Harvard University, Bibliographical contributions No. 11. 1880. 6p. Selected National bibliographies. N. Y. State Library School Bull. No. 38, 1915. 58 p. Shufeldt, R. W. The Library of the Army Medical Museum. Medical Record, v. 92, 1917. pp. 1022-1025. Stiles, Chas. Wardell and Albert Hassall. Index catalogue of medical and veterinary zoology. No. 1 to 36 inc. U.S. Dept. Agri. Bur. Animal Industry Bull. 39, 1902-1910. Superintendent of Documents. Annual Reports, 1-25. 1895 to date. Wash- ington, Government Printing Office. Swanton, WalterI. Guide to United States Government publications. Wash- ington. U.S. Dept. of Interior, Bureau of Education Bull. 1918, No. 2, 1918. 206 p. U. S. Geological Survey. List of publications. Aug. 1920. Washington. Government Printing Office. 187 p. Weeks, Fred Boughton. Bibliography of North American geology, palzon- PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 31 tology, petrology, and mineralogy. 1892-1905. Washington. Govern- ment Printing Office. 1902-1907. U. S. Geological Survey Bulls. 188, 189, 301, Weeks, S. B, A Preliminary list of American learned and educational insti- tutions, Ann. Rept. U.S. Comm. of Education, 1893-1894, v. 2, pp. 1493- 1661. Worth, Lawrence W. Descriptions of Federal public documents. White Plains, N. Y. Wilson. No date. 22 p. Wyer; Jas. I. United States Government documents. Albany, N. Y. 1906. N. Y. State Library Bull. 102. 78 p. Zoological Record, the Zoological Society, Regent’s Park, London, N. W. 8., England. RESUME OF SERIES MENTIONED ABOVE PERTAINING TO ENTOMOLOGY. U. S. Department of Agriculture. Annual Reports. Yearbook. U. S. Entomological Commission. Reports. Bulletins. Bureau of Entomology. Bulletins, Old Series. Bulletins, New Series. Bulletins, Technical Series. Insect Life. Circulars, Ist Series. Circulars, 2nd Series. Farmers’ Bulletins. Department Bulletins, including ‘‘Professional Papers.’ Journal of Agricultural Research. ‘“K’’ Series. Experiment Station Record. Weekly News Letter. Monthly List of Publications. Service and Regulatory Announcements. Department Circular Series. Reports Office of Secretary. Circulars Office of Secretary. U. S. Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. Annual Reports. National Museum. Annual Reports. Proceedings. Bulletins. ? 32 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 1, JAN., 1923 U. S. Department of the Interior. Scientific Explorations. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Territories. Geological Exploration of the 40th Parallel. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Rocky Mountains. Geographical Surveys west of the 100th Meridian. Geological Survey. Annual Reports. Monographs. Professional Papers. Bulletins. U. S. Treasury Department. Public Health Service. U. S. War Department. Library of the Surgeon-General’s Office. Index Catalogue Surgeon—General’s Library. SUGGESTIVE LIST OF PUBLISHERS AND DEALERS IN RARE BOOKS. Dulau & Co., 37 Soho Sq., London W. 1, England. Phillip Dowell, Port Richmond, N. Y. Henry G. Fiedler, 18 Vesey St., New York, N. Y. Franklin Bookshop, 920 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. W. Junk, Sachsische Strasse, 68 Berlin W. 15, Germany. Jno. D. Sherman, Jr., 132 Primrose Ave., Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Geo. E. Stechert & Co., 151-155 W. 25th St., New York, N. Y. Actual date of publication, Fanuary 30, 1923. EDITORIAL. A CHANGE IN POLICY. Hereafter this page will carry an edi- torial. But very seldom, we hope, will this be written by the editor. We have asked for it for quite another purpose. The papers which men write are but the footprints of their progress. They mark the trails over which these men travel. But there are other things that are often of great interest. These are the visions which they see by the way. Perhaps we can record some of them. A. C. Baker. NOTES AND NEWS ITEMS. Well established precedents were broken by the Society at its annual election in December. The usual procedure has been for the Society to elect its presidents for two consecutive terms and no more. Only one individual has ever again been called to the presidency after the completion of the usual two-year period. The single exception was in the case of the late C. V. Riley who was president in 1884-1885 and was again honored by a call to the chair in 1893-1894. The nomination of Dr. L. O. Howard by Mr. Gahan, who thereby relinquished his own claim to reelection, came as a com- plete surprise. The speaker pointed out that Dr. Howard was a charter member of the Society and that in addition to having served as president in 1886-1887 he had been continuously a member of the executive committee from the organization of the Society until 1915. He expressed the opinion that Dr. Howard was probably the most prominent and widely known living entomologist, his name being known to all students of entomol- ogy wherever they might be, and that in electing him to the presidency the Society would be honoring itself perhaps more than it would be honoring him. The spontaneity of the ap- plause which greeted the nomination and the unanimity with which the election was consummated left no doubt as to the whole-hearted approval of the membership. —E,. A. Schwarz. Colonel Casey has recently issued another one of his memoirs on Coleoptera. This one deals with the beetles of the sub- family Barinae occurring in Brazil and contains the descriptions of many new genera and more than six hundred species, as well as keys for their identification. This contribution almost doubles the number of described forms in the subfamily and it is interesting to note that the generic and specific ratio is 3.4. This tenth number of the memoirs was issued November 25, 1922, and consists of 525 pages. As usual, it was published by the New Era Publishing Company, at Lancaster, Pa., and is liberally distributed by the author. —S. A. Rohwer. VOL. 25 FEB., 1923 No. 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON CONTENTS CUSHMAN, R. A.—A NEW SUBFAMILY OF BRACONIDAE (HYM.) TERMITE NESTS MALLOCH, J. FROM By swish geet R.—SOME NEW GENERA AND SPECIES OF LONCHAEIDAE AND SAPROMYZIDAE (DIPTERA) . ‘ 45 THOMPSON, W. R. AND THOMPSON, M. C.—MASICERA SENILIS, A PARASITE OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (PYRAUSTA NUBILALIS) 33 ee . aa” cy, AuGustT AND Serremsée \ iN re ,3739 ; ative MAH - Oo 1029 } SO cy OF Le sae TA U. S. NATIONAL sleusear Mv ys WASHINGTON, D. C. PusBiisHeD Monruiy Except ENTOMOLOGICAL Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON The regular meetings of the Society are held on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 p. M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the ProceEpiInGs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1923. 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All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the Proceeprnes will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies DDS 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VOL. 25 FEB., 1923 No. 2 MASICERA SENILIS, A PARASITE OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (PYRAUSTA NUBILALIS). By W. R. THompson, Specialist in Parasites, U. S. Bureau of Entomology, AND M. C. THompson. II. Masicera senilis Meig. The parasite of the Corn Borer described in this paper belongs like Zenillia roseanae, to the Dipterous family Tachinidae and has, like the latter species, two generations a year, in both of which the larval phase is passed in the caterpillar of Pyrausta nubilalis. In Southwestern France P. senilis does not at present appear to be a very important factor in the natural control of the Borer; but in Southern Italy, it is responsible for almost the total parasitism observed in the hibernating larvae, after the emergence of the Ichneumonid, Eu/imneria crassi- femur, another important parasite of the pest. Systematic History. The systematic history of Masicera senilis Mg. as given in the Katalog der Palaarktischen Dipteren, by Bezzi and Stein (Vol. III, 1907, p. 287) is as follows: Ceromasia Rondani 1856 Dipt. Ital. Prodr. I. 71 (nota) et IV, 16, 1861 A. Thelyconychia B. B. 1889. B. Lophromyia B. B. 1889. C. Ceromasia s. str. D. Paraphorocera B. B. 1889. E. Leptotachina B. B. 1891. senilis mg. S. B. VII, 241.8. (Masicera) (1838) (?); Rond. Dipt. Ital. Prodr. IV, 25, 10 (1861) et Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat., IV, 43, 13 (1861); R. D. Posth., I 836, 1. (Andrina) (1863); B. B. Denkschr. Akad. Wien, LVIII, 330 (1891); Girschn. Entom. Nachricht., XXV, 185, (1899); Hend., Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., LI, 210, 12, (1901). syn.—agrestis R. D. Myod., 113, 2 (Lydella) (1830) et Posth., I, 857.4 (Lydella) (1863); Pand. R. E., XV, 52, 5 (Tachina) (1896); Villeneuve, B.S. E. Fr., 1900, 402 (1900). ?doris Mg. S. B. IV, 312, 125 (1824) et VII, 190 (1838); Macq. S. a B. II, 115, 34 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25;,NO-_ 2, FEB. 1923 39, (Stenometopia) 1835 et Ann. de Fr. (3) I, 399, 1, t. XIV, f. 1; (Oodigaster) (1846), B. B. Denkschr. Akad. Wien, LVIII, 330 (1891). laticincta Perris. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 1852, 58, (Masicera) (1852). ?>myoidea R. D. Myod., 114, 7, (lydella) (1830) et Posth., I, 856, 2 (Lydella) (1863); Macq. Ann. S.E. Fr., (2). VIII, 468, 22. t. XIV, f. 1. (Masicera) (1850); Meade, E. M. M., (2), III, 128 (Masicera) (1893); Coquillett, Rev. Tach. N. Amer., 114. (Masicera) (1897). nitida Mcq. Ann. de Fr., (2), VIII, 464, 14, t. XIV. f. 11 (Masicera) (1850); Brauer, Sitzber. Akad. Wien. CVI, 339, 19 (1897). nova Perris, Soc. Linn. Lyon, (1852) 58, (Masicera) (1852). tincta B. B., Denkschr. Akad. Wien. LVI, 165, t. II, f. 29 (1889) et LVII. 441 (1891). As has been stated in a preceding paper, there exist at least three varieties or sub-species of sevz/is, which can be separated fairly easily in the first larval stage, though the differences between the adults are comparatively slight. Of these varieties, one, according to Dr. J. Villeneuve, is the form described by Brauer and von Bergenstamm under the name of Leptotachina gratiosa, considered by Dr. Villeneuve to be merely a dark variety of seni/is; but as two of the varieties (of which one is the parasite of P. nudbilalis) were determined by Dr. Villeneuve as gratiosa B. B., it is not at present possible to identify this variety with certainty. The species referred to by Coquillett in the Review of North American Tachinidae, under the name of Masicera myoidea R. D., is indigenous to North America, where it is a common parasite of Lepidopterous stem-borers. This Tachinid has been described by Townsend (Can. Ent., Jan. 1916), under the name of Andrina radicis. Dr. J. M. Aldrich and Mr. C. T. Greene have made a careful study of both the puparia and adults of the American species, but have been unable to discover any constant characters whereby it can be distinguished from the European species here described. Furthermore, the American Tachinid has already been reared in Massachusetts from Pyrausta nubililalis, though as yet it 1s of practically no impor- tance as a controlling factor of the Borer in the United States. It therefore seems probable that myoidea- or radicis- is taxonomi- cally identical with sevz/is, although biologically the two forms may perhaps be distinct. Itis hoped that further researches will . clear up this question. The characters of the genus Ceromasia, to which seni/1s is referred by Bezzi and Stein, are given in the analytical tables of Brauer and von Bergenstamm somewhat as follows: Front not inflated, eyes bare: mouth parts well developed; vibrissae on a level with the oral margin: parafacials bare: facialia feebly ciliate on less than the lower half: ocellar bristles well developed: male without orbital bristles, female with two: third segment of antenna more than twice as long as second: its apex PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 48 rounded or rounded-truncate: second segment of arista slightly elongate: apical cell ending far before wing tip: no appendage at bend of fourth vein; veins without setae except two or three at base of third longitudinal vein: apical bristles present on scutellum; abdominal macrochaetae discal and marginal; hind tibiae irregularly ciliate: male claws not perceptibly more elongate than those of female. Description of Ceromasia senilis Meig., var. from Pyrausta nubilalis. Adult—(Figure 1.) Average measurements, 7.0-9.0 mm. x 2.0-3.0 mm. Male.—black, the calypteres cream-colored, the wings hyaline. Front about as wide as eye, seen from above: frontal vitta dark brown: one pair of ocellar bristles, anteriorly directed: pollen of parafrontals, parafacials and cheeks, bluish-grey: a single row of strong frontal bristles and outside this a few rows of fine hairs: 3-4 frontal bristles below the base of antenna, the row extending to a point a little below the level of the arista: parafacials bare: facial ridges ciliate on about the lowest fourth; cheeks about one-fifth eye height: eyes bare: palpi black, in some specimens tinged with brown: occiput flat: anennae as long as facial plate: the third segment about four times as long as the second: the arista thickened on the basal 24-34. Mesonotum black, thinly dusted with greyish-blue pollen: a pair of narrow median and a pair of broad lateral black vittae, distinct on the anterior side of the suture but posteriorly indistinct, evanescent: or the median pair sometimes fused: pleurae black, dusted with greyish pollen: 4 post-sutural bristles, 3 post-acrostichals, 4 sterno-pleurals, i:2:1: scutellum rather thinly pollinose, bearing three pairs of marginal bristles, a pair of cruciate dorso-anteriorly directed apical bristles and a pair of discal bristles: abdomen with segments II-IV bluish-grey pollinose anteriorly, the bands of pollen interrupted by a narrow median black vitta; lst segment with a pair of marginal bristles, 2d with a pair of discals and a pair of marginals, 3d with a pair of discals and a ring of marginals, 4th with numerous scattered bristles: hypopygium black: the ventral surface of segment III bears on each side, near its ventral margin, a rounded area whose diameter almost equals the length of the segment at that point, coyered with very small fine numerous spines, thus differing markedly from the corresponding areas on the remaining segments and from the remainder of the surface of the 3d segment: legs black, very thinly pollinose: hind tibiae irregularly ciliate. Female with a pair of anteriorly directed orbital bristles, the inner row of the outer frontals sometimes well developed: front slightly wider than eye as seen from above: antennae not extending quite to the level of the vibrissae: 3d antennal segment from 214-3 times as long as the second, palpi often brownish anteriorly. One female among the few specimens we possess, reared from the Corn-Borer and certainly con-specific with the others, has the arista thickened on the basal half only. The figure of the male hypopygium (Fig. 2) as seen from the side, may be compared with that of Zenillia roseanae, given in a previous paper. 36 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 Larva: Stage I—Length 0.95 mm., width 0.25 mm. (Fig. 3). Elongate, rather slender, tapering anteriorly, posteriorly rounded: skin colorless and transparent: head without spines: an anterior band of spines on segment I. broadest pleurally and ventrally: also a narrow dorsal band of two rows situated about midway between the anterior band and the anterior edge of segment II: this band runs into the pleural part of the anterior band at its ventral extremity: between this band and the posterior border of the anterior band there is a glabrous area: on the anterior margin of segment IJ, a band of spines composed of 7 rows: between this band and the anterior border of seg- ment III an intermediate band resembling that on segment I: in this segment, however, the band does not fuse with the anterior band but ends in the pleural region: ventrad of its extremity and in a line with it are two small pleural groups of spines as well as a short ventral row of 6 or 7 spines: on segment IIT the anterior spine band is composed of 4-6 rows: the intermediate band also exists and resembles that on segment II: on all the abdominal segments the intermediate band is absent; the anterior band is composed on segments IV and V of 2-4 rows: on segment VI there are 2-3 dorsal rows and 3-4 ventral rows: on segment VII-X, similar anterior bands exist but as one proceeds posteriorly, the dimensions of the individual spines become smaller, especially dorsally: in all the rows described the spines are directed posteriorly: on segment IV, in the pleural region, near the posterior border there appears a short row of 2-4 spines anteriorly directed: on segment 5 this group is composed of 2 and in some places of 3 rows comprising each 7-8 spines: on segment VI, the two pleural groups, now slightly larger, are joined by a single ventral row: in segments VII-IX these posterior bands are complete both ventrally and dorsally: on the anterior segments they are very feebly chitinized and though on segment X they are as strong as the spines on the anterior border, they are never as well developed as the anterior spine bands on the anterior segments: finally, segment XI presents on the anterior border a band of two or three rows of poorly devel- oped spines, especially feeble in the dorsal region and ventrally, surrounding the anal aperture, in a ring which is broken just behind the posterior stigmata, 2 closely approximated bands, broadest ventrally, of which the anterior has the spines anteriorly directed, the posterior, directed backward. The larva is metapneustic, the posterior spiracles of the usual form the “felt- chambers” slender, (Fig. 4) about 12 times as long as wide: the stigmatic spines described in the larva of Zenillia roseanae do not exist in this species. (Fig. 5.) The sensorial organs do not differ in form from those of Zenillia roseanae: the antennal organ is small and depressed, about /% as wide as the diameter of its base. (Fig. 7a.) The form of the bucco-pharyngeal armature of the first stage larva is shown in Figure 6, prepared from the armature of a larva at the end of the first stage: in this species there is no such change in the form of the basal plates as was described in the larva of Z. roseanae, the only perceptible modification in the form of the organ being an expansion of the pedicel or stem of the dorsal wing of the basal plate, which is in the newly hatched larva only about half as broad as in the armature figured: no articulations exist in the bucco-pharyngeal arma- PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 37 ture: the median tooth, which is well developed and rather strongly curved, presents on its anterior or cutting edge, 7 or 8 teeth disposed as shown in the figures. (Fig. 7.) Stage I].—Length 3.0 mm., width 1.0 mm. (Fig. 8). Skin colorless and transparent, cuticular spines, though larger than in pre- ceding stage, usually minute in comparison with the size of the larva and hence very inconspicuous: as in the preceding stage, there exist bands of spines on the anterior borders of the segments, directed backward, which are most strongly developed on the anterior segments and become less and less conspicuous toward the posterior end of the body: on the posterior borders of the segments, there exist similar bands of spines, directed forward, these bands being poorly devel- oped in the anterior region but more and more conspicuous as one proceeds toward the posterior extremity of the larva; as we have seen, in the first stage the posterior bands of spines appear first on segment IV, but in stage II, a dorsal and ventropleural band of feeble spines exists on the posterior border of segment I: finally, as one proceeds posteriorly, the individual spines in the anterior bands become smaller and less strongly chitinized while the spines of the posterior bands become larger and more strongly pigmented: on the last seg- ment of the body there exist two curved bands of spines in front of the stigmatic area, the anterior band broken ventrally, the posterior, ventrally entire, and arising in the pleural region, composed of 4-6 rows of minute spines directed forward while the spines of the anterior band are directed backward. In this stage the larva is amphipneustic: each anterior stigma presents from 6 to 9 respiratory papillae (Fig. 9): the “felt-chambers” are about 4 times as long as their width. The felt-chambers of the posterior spiracles are about 2 times as long as their diameter: (Fig. 10). The bucco-pharyngeal armature now terminates anteriorly in a pair of lateral hooks: it presents an articulation between the base of the intermediate region and the anterior border of the basal plate: in this stage the armature is somewhat irregular in form, the anterior hooks are rather ill-defined and only slightly curved, the organ as a whole is very short and stout, the dorsal and ventral wings of the basal plate are of almost equal width. (Fig. 11.) Stage I1].—Length 13.0 mm., width 3.5 mm. (Fig. 12). Skin colorless and transparent: a group of stout spines on either side of the mouth: on segment I, only a very short ventral band of spines immediately posterior to the buccal opening: on segments II-VI, an uninterrupted anterior band: on segments VII and VIIi the anterior band inter- rupted in the pleural region: on segment IX the dorsal part of the band is reduced to a single row of feeble spines: on segment X there is only a short pleural row and a ventral band: on the last segment the anterior band is absent: on segment III there appears on the posterior border a row of anteriorly directed spines in the ventral region: on segment IV, this posterior band completely surrounds the body, being strongest in the ventral and pleural regions, where it is composed of several rows: on segments V—IX, a similar band exists, and on these segments it is composed of several rows: on segment XI there is a broad band of spines surrounding the posterior stigmata and covering the greater part of the surface of the segment, with the exception of an anterior area broadest 38 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 in the ventral region and narrowest in the pleural region: the anal opening is situated cose to the anterior border of segment XI, on the ventral side: In this stage the larva is amphipneustic: the anterior spiracles (Figs. 13, 14) present from 6-9 respiratory papillae arranged as shown in the figure: the cylindrical part of the “felt-chamber” is about 2% times as long as its diameter: the respiratory area of each of the posterior stigmata (Fig. 15) is surrounded by an unbroken peritreme: the moulting scar is situated near the middle of the stigmatic area: each stigma presents three curved respiratory slits, situated one dorsad, the other two ventrad of the moulting scar: in the specimen represented, the dorsal slits are subdivided but they are often entire: the felt chambers of the posterior spiracles are about three-fourths as long as their diameter. The form of the bucco-pharyngeal armature (Fig. 16) differs greatly from that observed in the preceding stage: the anterior paired hooks are long and slender, curved and acute at the tips: an articulation exists between the base of the intermediate region and the basal plate the inner surface of the labium (Fig. 17) presents a brown chitinized area, semicircular in form, bearing a number of irregular teeth directed forward: the hypopharyngeal plate is divided into’ two halves, each somewaht rhomboidal in outline and bearing an oval sensorial area; the epipharyngeal plate (Fig. 18) is irregularly rounded in form and bears several sensorial areas as shown in the figure. The puparium, which measures about 7.7 mm. x 2.5 mm. varies in color accord- ing to age from light to dark chestnut brown: the surface is smooth and moderate- ly shining: the posterior stigmata are situated on the dorsal side of the posterio pole of the puparium, about 134 times the dorso-ventral diameter of the stig- mata from the pole, which is rounded, not pointed, as in Z. roseanae: the stig- mata are not elevated, the distance between them is equal to about 4 times the dimaeter of one of them: the anterior stigmata are not prominent: the pro- thoracic cornicles of the pupal respiratory apparatus (Fig. 19) are stout, about 3 times as long as wide and heavily chitinized: the openings in the distal extremity of the cornicle are arranged as shown in the figure (Fig. 20): the internal spiracle is circular in form and presents about 8 double rows of papillae radiating from the centre of the spiracular disc. Biology. The oviposition of this species has not yet been observed: but the structure of the reproductive system of the adult female and that of the primary larva indicates that the larvae are deposited directly on the body of the caterpillar of the Corn Borer at the time when the latter is feeding externally on the corn plant. Immediately or at all events very shortly after its entrance into the body of the host, the first stage larva forces the posterior extremity of its body, bearing the posterior stigmata, through the wall of the tracheal trunk in the vicinity of the spiracle and in this situation it remains until the third stage (Fig. 21): as a result of the injury thus induced in the tracheal epithelium, there forms around the body of the parasite larva a sheath of PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 59 which the basal portion is chitinized and dark brown in color, while the remainder is white, semi-transparent and unchitinized, the two regions being sharply separated: the tracheal sheath extends generally almost to the anterior extremity of the larva and in some cases appears to surround it completely: while it is within the tracheal sheath the larva apparently feeds only upon the blood of the host but after it has emerged into the body cavity it begins to devour indiscriminately all of the internal organs so that when it issues from the caterpillar it leaves only the empty skin: the emergence from the tracheal sheath and the change in the feeding habits of the parasite occur after the I{-III stage moult. After it has finished feeding, the larva usually emerges from the caterpillar and pupates in the gallery beside the remains of the host: but on a few occasions, puparia of the species have been found within the skin of the caterpillar of the Borer: finally, although the larvae of this species usually pupate within the galleries of the host they can do so equally well under artificial conditions 1n almost any receptacle. Seasonal history. As but few specimens of this species have as yet been reared in the laboratory at Auch, cur information as to the details of its seasonal history are as yet only fragmentary. Like Z. roseanaé, it has in Southwestern France, two genera- tions a year and is in both generations a parasite of Pyrausta nubilalis; the period of hibernation is passed in the second larval stage in the hibernating caterpillars of the host; the first puparium obtained in 1919 was found in a corn stalk out of doors on April 9 and from this the adult emerged on May 3, but the bulk of the emergence of the parasite larvae from the cater- pillars probably takes place after the date on which the puparium in question was found, as on that date, even in caterpillars which had been for some time subjected to indoor conditions, second stage larvae of P. senilis were present. In caterpillars of the summer generation, in 1920, a small third stage larva of senilis was found on July 27; on July 30 a puparium was collected in the field; and on August 14 another was found, but we have no data as to the length of the pupal stage in this generation. In dissections of summer caterpillars at Menton (Alpes Maritimes), on July 29, 1920, living larvae of seni/is in all stages were found. In stalks containing hibernating larvae examined at Auch during the winter of 1920-21, a puparium of seni/is, from which the fly emerged on January 17 was found on December 28, but as no other puparia were found during the winter in many thousands of stems examined, this may be regarded as an abnormality in the seasonal history. 40 PROC ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 In material received from Southern Italy (environs of Naples), the development of P. senilis was observed to follow a course somewhat different from that which it takes in Southwestern France; dead caterpillars containing full-fed larvae of senz/is and fresh puparia of this species were found in boxes of this material received from Prof. Silvestri as early as January 25, and we have continued to find them up to the date of writing (March 10). On January 28, two male flies emerged from a lot of these puparia and adults have since continued to issue from time to time up to the present date. The puparia obtained from the Italian hibernating larvae were found by parasites which had all emerged from nubilialis larvae in stage V, and these puparia are as a rule considerably smaller than those obtained from both hibernating and summer caterpillars in Southern France. Geographical Distribution. Paraphorocera senilis has been found in the larvae of Pyrausta nubilalis collected in several of the Departments of South- western France (Gers, Landes, Hautes Pyrenees), on the French Riviera at Hyeres (Var) and at Menton (Alpes Maritimes), and in the neighborhood of Naples in Southern Italy. It has not been found in material received from corn stalks in Southern Germany (Wurttemberg) nor in caterpillars infesting Artemesia collected around Brussels in Belgium, although a Tachinid here- tofore considered by specialists to belong to the same species— though differing from the Borer parasite by certain characters both in the larval and in the adult stages—is known to occur in the North. Importance as a Controlling Factor of the Corn Eorer. In Southwestern France, Paraphorocera senilis would appear to be at present of little importance as a parasite of the Corn Borer. The average parasitism by this species observed in hibernating larvae in the winter of 1919-1920 amounted to only about 1.35%, and in the summer generation of 1920 to only 0.9%. P. senilis is thus at present less important in the region in question than Zeni/lia roseanae. Along the French Riviera, however, the writer found that while both species are present, P. senilis seemed to be the more abundant, while in a con- siderable amount of material received from Naples, roseanae has been found on only one occasion, the dominating parasite being senilis, which, in 1920-21 was found in about 20.8% of the cater- pillars dissected. It would thus appear that this species is an important factor in the natural control of the Corn Borer only in the warmer regions of Southern Europe where it replaces PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH,, VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 4] Zenillia roseanae, but further researches will be necessary in order to determine the real significance of the data obtained. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Late atin 16. We 18. 19: 20. 21. EXPLANATION OF PLATES. Ceromasia senilis Mg. Head of male, lateral view. Ceromasia senilis. Male hypopygium, lateral view. Ceromasia senilis. Larva, stage I. . Ceromasia senilis. ‘‘Felt-chambers” and posterior spiracles of larva ist stage larva. . Ceromasia senilis. Dorsal view of posterior extremity of Ist stage larva, showing absence of stigmatic spines. . Ceromasia senilis. Bucco-pharyngeal armature, Ist stage larva. . Ceromasia senilis. a. antennal organ lateral view: b, the pair of antennal organs from above: c, d, anterior extremities of bucco- pharyngeal armature: stage I. . Ceromasia senilis. Larva, stage II. Ceromasia senilis. Anterior spiracle and its “felt-chamber,”’ stage II. Ceromasia senilis. ‘“‘Felt-chamber” of posterior spiracle, stage II. Ceromasia senilis. Bucco-pharyngeal armature of 2d stage larva. Ceromasia senilis. Larva, stage III. . Ceromasia senilis. Anterior spiracle with six respiratory papillae, as it appears in the larva, stage III. . Ceromasia senilis. Anterior spiracle with 9 respiratory papillae as it appears in the puparium. . Ceromasia senilis. Posterior spiracles, stage III. D, V, dorsal and ventral directions: m. s. moult scar indicating the point on the surface of the stigmatic area through which the trachea of the preceding stage issued at the moment of the moult. Ceromasia senilis. Bucco-pharyngeal armature 3d stage larva. Ceromasia senilis. Inner surface of labium and hypopharyngeal plate, 3d stage larva. b, base of lateral hook: c, chitinized area on inner surface of labium: h, hypopharynx with its sensorial areas: s, spines at the sides of the mouth opening. Ceromasia senilis. Epipharyngeal plate, stage III. Ceromasia senilis. Pupal respiratory apparatus, 3d stage larva, c. p., prothoracic cornicle: i. s., internal spiracle. Ceromasia senilis. Tip of prothoracic cornicle of pupal respiratory apparatus. Ceromasia senilis. Hibernating larva in stage II, in situ in its tracheal sheath. 1. larva: u. p. s., unchitinized part of sheath: c. p. s., chitinized part of sheath: t. t., tracheal trunk. PLATE 1 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25 THOMPSON—MASICERA SENILIS PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25 PLATE 2 15 THOMPSON—MASICERA SENILIS PLATE 3 PROC, ENT. SOC, WASH,, VOL, 25 THOMPSON—MASICERA SENILIS PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 45 SOME NEW GENERA AND SPECIES OF LONCHAEIDAE AND SAPROMYZIDAE (DIPTERA). By J. R. Mattiocn. The types of the species described in this paper are deposited in the United States National Museum unless stated otherwise in the text. Lonchaeidae. Lonchaea arkansensis, sp. n. Male.—Blackish blue, glossy, abdomen with a bronzy tinge. Frons shining blue, lunule, face and cheeks silvery; antennae and palpi fuscous. Legs black, basal 2 or 3 segments of tarsi rufous yellow. Wings clear, veins yellowish. Calyptrae and fringes white. Halteres black. Eyes bare; some setulae above orbital bristle, frons with rather strong hairs; antennae short, separated by length of second segment, third not twice as long as wide, not reaching mouth; arista subnude; cheek with about 3 strong bristles anteriorly. A weaker pair of acrostichals in front of the strong prescutellar pair; some hairs at base of stigmatal bristle and in center of pteropleura, no hairs on scutellum. Abdomen broad, but little tapered, apical 3 tergites subequal in length. Legs normal. Fringe of calyptrae a little longer at angle. Auxiliary and first veins very close apically; inner cross vein just beyond apex of first vein. Fema/e.—Similar to male, but the frons one-third of the head width, the anten- nae closer together, the pteropleura bare and no hairs at base'of stigmatal bristle. The ovipositor is remarkably broad, being almost as wide as frons, with longitudinal striae, the tip sharp, coming to a rather abrupt point, with very short terminal hairs. Length, 4-5 mm. ype, male; Hot Springs; Ark., June 2! (H.°S. Barber): Allotype, Las Vegas Hot Springs, N. M., June 8 (Barber and Schwarz). The female may possibly belong to a different species but I consider them conspecific at this time. Lonchaea subpolita, sp. n. Female,—Similar in color and general habits to polita Say. Differs in having the calyptrae brown with fuscous fringes, the second antennal segment is largely reddish brown, as is also the third segment below at base. Tarsi rufous yellow, apically infuscated. Wings yellowish, veins yellow basally. Upper orbits polished; frons slightly granulose, fine haired; frontal triangle hairy; third antennal segment a little over twice as long as wide; arista subnude; cheek with fine hairs. No extra stigmatal hairs; pteropleura bare; some fine hairs between apical pair of scutellar bristles. Ovipositor with 2 exceptionally long hairs at preapical constriction. Legs as in polita. Distance along costa from apex of auxiliary vein to apex of first distinctly more than one-third as great as distance of former from humeral cross-vein; first posterior cell not narrowed apically; inner cross-vein 46 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 slightly before apex of auxiliary vein and middle of discal cell. Fringes of calyptrae not very long at angle. Length, 3.75 mm. Type, Black Mt., N. C., May, north fork of Swannanoa (Coll. N. Banks). The preapical dorsal hairs on genitalia of females of mary- landica and /aticornis are extremely short as compared with those of subpolita. Lonchaea occidentalis, sp. n. Male and Female.—Similar in color to polita Say, the calyptrae white, with white fringes, and the tarsi largely rufous yellow. Differs from po/ita in having the frons of male much wider, at anterior margin as wide as at least half of the entire length of frons, the upper orbits largely microscopically granulose, the hairs at outer angle of calyptrae much longer than rest of fringe, and the ovipositor with 2 exceptionally long preapical dorsal hairs. In other respects as polita. Length, 4-4.5 mm. Type, male, Flagstaff, Ariz., July 6 (H.S. Barber). Allotype, San Mateo Co., Calif. (Baker). One male paratype, Mt. View (?), Cal. (Ehrhorn), one female paratype, Claremont, Cal. (Baker). A series of five specimens from diseased Dasylirion, Santa - Rita Mts., Arizona, collected by E. A. Schwarz and H. S. Barber, December 8, 1913, and reared by R.S. Shannon, Janu- ary, 1914, belong also to this species. Differs from subpolita, which has also exceptionally long pre- apical dorsal hairs on the ovipositor, in having the upper orbits microscopically granulose, the calyptrae white, with white fringes, the distance between auxiliary and first veins about one- sixth as great as distance from the former to humeral cross-vein. Lonchaea coloradensis, sp. n. Male.—Similar to the preceding species and po/ita in color. Differs from polita and occidentalis in having the third antennal segment about twice instead of at least three times as long as wide. Upper orbits granu- lose, very narrow, with one or two hairs above the orbital bristle; cheek narrower than third antennal segment, with a series of fine setulose hairs. Fringe of calyptrae uniform. Venation as in polita. Length, 4.5 mm. Type, Colorado; no other data. Lonchaea marylandica, sp. n. Male and female——Glossy blackish blue. Frons subopaque black, the ocellar triangle and upper orbits glossy dark blue; antennae black. Legs black. Calyptrae and their fringes yellowish white. Wings clear, veins yellowish. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 47 Eyes bare; frons of male at anterior margin about as wide as third antennal segment, of female a little less than twice that width, distance from anterior occellus to anterior margin of frons in female over 1.5 as great as the width at anterior margin; orbital bristle proximad of anterior ocellus; orbits bare above the bristle, smooth; ocellar triangle with much shorter and fewer hairs than in vaginalis Fallen; cheek with some moderately long setulose hairs in a single series; third antennal segment about twice as long as wide. Thorax, abdomen, and wings as in vaginalis except that there are no fine hairs between the apical pair of scutellar bristles as in that species. Length, 3.5-4 mm. Type, male, allotype, and six paratypes collected as larvae under bark, Plummers Island, Md., April 7, 1915, emerged as imagines April 24, 1915 (Barber and Shannon). Two female paratypes, White Mts., N. H. (Morrison). Lonchaea atritarsis, sp. n. Male.—Black, shining, with a bluish tinge on thorax and abdomen. Legs black. Calyptrae brown, fringes black. Wings clear, veins yellowish. Hal- teres black. Eyes bare; frons with rather long dense erect hairs, one or two of which are above the anterior orbital bristle; third antennal segment about 2.5 as long as wide; frontal lunule hairy; cheeks with long but not dense setulose hairs. Some long hairs at base of stigmatal bristle, the latter not differentiated from them; pteropleura bare; scutellum with hairs only on margins. Tergites of abdomen subequal. Legs slender. Second costal division very short; wing pointed. Fringes of calyptrae of moderate length. Length, 5 mm. live, aslo, B.C. (AYN. Candell): Sapromyzidae. Camptoprosopella maculipennis, sp. n. Female.—Honey yellow, shining. Apex of third antennal segment and ocellar spot black; palpi yellow. Abdomen largely suffused with fuscous. Legs yellow. Costal margin of wing to beyond apex of third vein, except a short space beyond apex of first vein, and the cross-veins broadly brown. Calyptrae and halteres yellowish. : Third antennal segment about 2.5 as long as wide, but little tapered apically. Thorax with three pairs of dorsocentral bristles. Last section of fourth vein about 2.5 as long as preceding section. Length, 2.5 mm. Type, Stone Cabin Canyon, Santa Rita Mts., Arizona, August 25, 1913, on Thurberia thespesoides (W. D. Pierce). 48 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 Trigonometopus Macquart. This genus contains six described species from North and South America. Of these, two are unknown to me but I have seen the types of three of the others. I present a key for the identification of the species I have seen. Key to Species. 1. Anterior pair of dorsocentral bristles in front of suture; frons not more than [v5 as longvas-wide:. : Sage <5 <0. 2 tors yf c+ rn — Anterior pair of dorsocentral bristles behind suture; frons at least twice as long taswwidety 2 gaa s meee oes, - Lees. cases) Slee. «| +1 tor 2. Wing with two small round spots on apical section of third vein, and both the cross-veins dark brown. . . .. .. . . punctipennis Coquillett. — Wing immaculate; pleura largely fuscous; prescutellar acrostichals TMUMUte ee . . . immaculipennis, sp. n. 3. Dorsum of thorax with four blackish vittae; dorsum of abdomen almost entirely blackened; median dark vitta on wing conspicuous ! angustipennis Knab. — Dorsum of thorax with pale brownish vittae or indistinctly vittate. . . 4 4. Median vitta on wing distinct; dorsum of abdomen. with a broad blackish vitta (on each side. . . <.e s/s on 4 wot aos oo CIE romsabenciae — Median vitta on wing very faint; dorsum of abdomen with a narrow centrally interrupted brownish fascia on posterior margin of each seg- Mee eee) ee a Ree en iia ILO. Of the other two species unknown to me reticulatus Johnson may be known by the presence of blackish bars between the wing veins and rotundicornis Williston by the narrow brown costal margin which extends to apex of fourth vein. It appears pertinent to state that the African species setosus Knab does nct belong to this genus though described as belong- ing here. The presutural] thoracic bristle is present in the type specimen which I have examined. Trigonometopus immaculipennis, sp. n. Female.—Head yellowish testaceous; face with a gray median vertical stripe; frons with a gray stripe on each side mesad of the orbital bristles which extend forward over the space between the bases of antennae and eyes. Thorax colored as head, the dorsum gray except along the series of dorsocentral bristles and the lateral margins; disc of scutellum and pleurae largely gray. Abdomen, legs, and halteres yellowish testaceous. Wings hyaline, veins dark brown. Head and eyes but little higher than long; face receding; longest genal bristle below middle of eye; third antennal segment as long as high; arista pubescent; frons longer than wide, with numerous setulose hairs on sides at base of antennae; ocellar bristles minute; postvertical bristles of moderate strength. Venation as in vittatus. Length, 4 mm. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 49 _ Type, Cayamas, Cuba (E. A. Schwartz). Xenochaetina, gen. n. This genus is the only one in the family which has setulae at the base of the second wing vein. Genotype, Lauxania muscaria Loew. Key to Species. 1. Yellow species, disc of mesonotum posteriorly and the scutellum brownish; fore legs normal; wings not infuscated at bases. . . . . . pallida sp.n. — Black or bluish black species. . . . : 3 De 2. Fore tarsi much thickened, fore legs nee deep Black: Gee entirely pale gray pruinescent, opaque; wings hyaline. . . . . . crassimana, sp. 1 — Fore tarsi but slightly thickened basally; at least the tarsi more or — j Balesiacee lossy: blackenot pruimescent. <6 <6 2, 4 2 +. & vee ot OOe 3. Wings not blackened at DASESitl ute ice chee faa sane.) Soaria LOEW. — Wings blackened at bases, SAepet . flavipennis Wiedmann. Xenochaetina pallida, sp. n. Male.—Glossy testaceous yellow. Wings yellowish hyaline. Structurally similar to muscaria, but the apical section of fourth vein is dis- tinctly longer than the preceding section whereas in muscaria it is almost imper- | ceptibly longer. Length, 4.5 mm. Type, Chinandega, Nicaragua. Paratype, Granada, Nica- feud. | ©. Bb. - Baker, collector. Xenochaetina crassimana, sp. n. Male.—Glossy black; face opaque gray prinescent. Dorsum of thorax faintly gray pruinescent. Antennae brownish. Legs black, mid and hind tibiae, and tarsi yellowish. Wings hyaline. Face less convex than in other species. Structure and chaetotaxy as in muscaria. Fore tarsi much thickened, the basal segment as thick as tibia. Penultimate section of fourth vein about three-fifths as long as ultimate section. Length, 4.5 mm. Type, Los Palmales, Venezuela. Deceia, gen. n. This genus is distinguished from Sapromyza Fallen by having but one strong sternopleural bristle. Genotype, Sapromyza crevecoeuri Coquillett. e Deceia wetmorei, sp. n. Male.—Head fulvous, frons and occiput largely fuscous above, with whitish pruinescence, so greasy in type that it is not possible to decide its normal color- ation. Abdomen fulvous, with more or less fuscous color on dorsum. Legs 50 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 whitish yellow, the fore pair paler, apical segment or fore tarsi deep black. Wings yellowish. Halteres yellow. Frons less than one-third of the head width, both orbital bristles strong, ocellar and postvertical bristles short and weak; hairs on upper side of arista much longer than those on under side; third antennal segment about twice as long as wide; eyes large, very much narrowed below; face slightly convex. Thorax with two pairs of dorsocentrals; prescutellar acrostichals distinct; scutellum with four equal bristles. Fore femur with a series of black posteroventral bristles; fore tibia swollen near base; fore tarsi stout, longer than tibia; preapical tibial bristles weak. Abdomen short and broad, the hypopygium large. Last section of fourth vein about 2.5 as long as preceding section. Length, 2.5 mm. Type, Paradise Key, Fla., February 21, 1919 (A. Wetmore). Named in honor of the collecter. Melanomyza, subgen. n. Similar to the preceding genus; distinguished from it by the convex glossy face and normal fore tibiae of the males. Genotype, Lauxania gracilipes Loew. Melanomyza incongrua, sp. n. Female.—Black, shining. Head with whitish pruinescence above and laterad of the anterior orbital bristle, on the narrow facial orbits, and along margin of eye on lower two-thirds of occiput; frons shining; face glossy; antennae honey yellow, darkened towards apex of third segment; arista brown; palpi black. Thorax with slight yellowish pruinescence on dorsum, propleura, fore coxae, and upper part of mesopleura white pruinescent. Abdomen shining black, with a slight olivaceous tinge. Legs black, tibiae and tarsi brownish yellow. Wings slightly yellowish. Calyptrae brownish yellow. Knobs of halteres pale yellow. Frons over one-third of the head width at vertex, its anterior width a little less than equal to its length; anterior orbital distinctly shorter than the posterior one; face convex, with an oblique depression on each side one-third from mouth margin; antennae extending to or slightly beyond mouth margin, third segment at least four times as long as wide; arista short haired. Thorax with two pairs of dorsocentrals; prescutellar acrostichals distinct; four series of setulae between the dorsocentrals; sternopleura with one strong bristle. Inner cross-vein at middle of discal cell. Length, 2.5 mm. Type, Biscayne Bay, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson). Melanomyza intermedia, sp. n. This and the next species are so similar to gracilipes Loew that they have been found all standing under that name in nearly all collections examined. The only exception to this was in the material identified by Dr. Melander, and in that it was identi- PROC. ENT, SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 51 fied as signatifrons Coquillett, to which species it will run in Melander’s key to Sapromyza and allies. Apart from the structure of the genitalia of both sexes intermedia may readily be separated from gracilipes by the markings of the frons. In graci/ipes there is a large subquadrate velvety black spot in middle of front margin of frons and the triangle is very short, not extending to middle of frons, while in intermedia there are two wedge-shaped velvety black spots in front between which the triangle extends rather broadly to the anterior margin. Length, 3-4 mm. Type, male, Glen Echo, August 8, 1921. Allotype, Cabin John, Md., July 31, 1921 (J. R. Malloch). Paratypes, a large series of specimens from the two localities above mentioned, District of Columbia, Falls Church, Va., and Illinois. Para- types in the collections of Museum of Comparative Zoology, and Illinois Natural History Survey. Melanomyza scutellata, sp. n. More nearly resembles intermedia than gracilipes. Differs in the markings on frons. The orbits and triangle are not so distinctly shining as in infer- media and the triangle is very much attenuated anteriorly, reaching the an- terior margin as a mere line while the shining part of the orbits is confined to a small round area at base of each bristle. The male and female genitalia differ from those of intermedia and gracilipes. Length, 3-4 mm.. Type, male, and allotype, Cabin John, Md., July 31, 1921 (J. R. Mal loch). Paratypes, from Glen Echo, Md., Little Falls, D. C., Conduit and Potomac Roads, Md., Ae eye ether localities near District of Columbia. Also occurs in [Illinois and Kansas. Sapromyzosoma, gen. n. This genus differs from Sapromyza Fallen by the nature of the armature of the costa. The latter has the small black setulae, which give to the costa a thickened appearance, continued to apex of second vein, becoming weaker from there on and discontinued before reaching apex of third vein. In Sapromyzo- soma these black setulae are continued to apex of third vein where they cease abruptly. Unfortunately, in the “Canadian Entomologist,” 1920, page 127, I inadvertently used the generic name Sapromyzosoma in connection with the description of citreifrons Malloch. This species must therefore be considered as the genotype though the present paper is the first to contain the generic definition. Eusapromyza, gen. n. This genus is distinguished from the foregoing, to which it is most closely related, by the presence of setulae on the third 52 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 wing vein extending for some distance from its base, and one or two hairs on pteropleura. Fourth wing-vein slightly curved forward apically. Genotype, Sapromyza multipunctata Fallen (European). Sapromyza serrata Malloch. Male.—Closely related to quadrilineata Loew, having the thorax quadri- vittate and the dorsum of abdomen marked with 4 series of large brown spots. The legs are banded with brown but the apices of tibiae are pale. The fifth abdominal sternite has a pair of slender chitinised processes, the superior forceps of hypopygium are long, but not very slender, with their inner margins minutely serrate on apical third, and the inferior forceps are cleft at apices with the branches of dissimilar lengths. Length, 4 mm. Type, Rock Creek, Washington,’ D. C., June 15) 19139 C. Shannon). Sapromyza obtusilamellata, sp. n. Male.—Similar in color to guadrilineata Loew, the apices of tibiae darkened. The structural differences in the fifth sternite, which has two slender back- wardly directed chitinised processes in this species which are absent in quadri- lineata, and in the form of the hypopygial forceps, the superior pair of this pro_ cess being short and stout, and the inferior pair with the apical branches of almost equal size, which in quadrilineata the superior forceps are long and slender, and the inferior pair have the apical branches unequal in size. Length, 4 mm. Type, and two paratypes, Glen Echo, Md., July 17, 1921; one paratype, topotypical, July 23 (J. R. Malloch). Sapromyza pictiventris, sp. n. Male and Female.—Similar to annulata Melander in color, the abdomen having minute fuscous or brown dots at bases of the bristles on dorsum which are lacking in the three species dealt with above. The fore femur has a comb of minute black setulae on apical third in this species and annulata, a character that is absent in the guadrilineata group. The new species is darker in color than annu/ata and the superior hypopygial forceps of male are short and stout, with their apices concave. Length, 3 mm. Type, Rosslyn, Va., May 1, 1913. Allotype and one female paratype, topotypical, April 23, 1913 (R. C. Shannon). Para- types, male, Vietch, Va., June 9, 1912 (J. R. Malloch), male, Hyattsville, Md., August 3, 1912 (F. Knab); one male, 2 females, Plummers Island, Md., April 28, 1914, 5 females, on and near Plummers Island, Md., May 30 to August 5, and one female, Dead Run, Fairfax Co., Va., May 19, 1916 (R. C. Shannon). PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 53 Sapromyza fusciventris, sp. n. Male.—Fulvous, shining. Ocellar spot not darkened; third antennal segment blackened above; palpi fuscous. Thorax not vittate. Abdomen almost entirely fuscous. Wings hyaline, veins yellow. Legs yellow. Ocellars longer than postverticals; frons nude; both pairs of orbitals long; third antennal segment about 1.5 as long as wide; arista short pubescent; cheek with short hairs. Thorax with four pairs of dorsocentrals and one pair of pre- scutellar acrostichals. Hypopygium with a rather broad flat process on each side below which is rounded at apex. Legs normal. Second section of costa fully half as long as first; last section of fourth vein about 1.5 as long as pre- ceding section. Length, 3 mm. Type, Scotia, Cal., May 20. Paratype, Eureka, Cal., June 4 (H. S. Barber). Resembles vinnula G. T., but that species has third antennal segment yellow and the tarsi fuscous. Minettia americana, sp. n. This species has been confused with obscura Loew from which it is distin- guished by having four instead of three pairs of dorsocentral bristles. There are also slight differences in the male hypopygia of the two species. Both species have at times been indentified as /ongipennis Fallen, a European species which does not occur in America so far as I have been able to find. Length, 4-5 mm. . Type, male, Plummers Island, Md., June 6, 1914, at light (Schwarz and Shannon). Allotype, Plummers Island, May 4, 1914 (R. C. Shannon). Paratypes, a large number of speci- mens from localities round Washington, in Virginia and Mary- land, and also from Illinois. Paratypes in collections of Museum of Comparative Zoology and Illinois Natural History Survey. Trivialia, subgen. n. A subgenus of Deceia, with one sternopleural bristle and two pairs of dorso- centrals. Inner postalar bristle very weak, frons broader than long, eyes almost ° round, not narrowed below. Genotype, the following species. Trivialia fuscocapitata, sp. n. Female, yellow, subopaque. Head except face fuscous. Wings clear. Legs yellow. Both orbital bristles long and strong; ocallars minute, shorter than the cruciate postverticals; arista short haired above and below; third antennal segment about twice as long as wide. Legs normal, hind femur without a preapical antero- ventral bristle. Inner cross-vein slightly before middle of discal cell, last section of fourth vein about twice as long as preceding section. Length, 2 mm. Type, Virginia near Plummers Island, July 14, 1915 (W. L. McAtee). 54 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 A NEW SUBFAMILY OF BRACONIDAE (HYM.) FROM TERMITE NESTS. By R. A. CusHmMan. While with the Mulford Exploration to Bolivia Dr. Wm. M. Mann collected in termite nests two specimens representing two species of a remarkable new braconid genus and subfamily. The genus I am calling Ypsistocerus in reference to the position of the antennae, which are inserted apparently on the vertex directly above the eyes. The host termites have been determined by Dr. T. E. Snyder. Subfamily Ypsistocerinae, new subfamily. Head opisthognathous, that is inserted beneath the thorax and bent back- wards so that the face is nearly parallel with the venter; face very flat with a shallow median impression; clypeus separated, basal margin deeply arched, apex concavely truncate at level of mandibular articulation; labrum exserted, triangu_ lar; mandibles edentate, acute; maxillae very long, galea scoop shaped, lacinia extending beyond apex of mandibles, palpi two-jointed; labial palpi apparently wanting; antennae inserted above eyes, flagellum stout, tapering, the joints becoming successively shorter and thinner from base to apex; eyes small to rudimentary; ocelli small, arranged in an approximately equilateral triangle; occipital carina entirely wanting; pronotum very short medially; mesoscutum without notauli, medially longitudinally weakly impressed, with no carinae on posterior lateral margins and without a distinct prescutellar fovea; prepectal carina wanting; propodeum without carinae, not separated from metapleurum, spiracles minute, round; metapleurum not divided; coxae small; trochanters two-jointed; femora stout, thickest at apex; tibiae stout, slightly thickest just beyond base; tarsi very short, much shorter than tibiae, the joints short and thick, claws minute; wings ample, with very heavy veins; first intercubitus and postervulus missing; stigma very narrow with radius very near base, distinctly separated from metacarpus; metacarpus and radius extending to apex; basal -veitt obsolete for a distance above medius; subcostella obsolete except at base, the mediellan cell therefore open in front; radiella and cubitella obsolete except at extreme base; abdomen elongate ovate, depressed, sessile, second suture con- nate but evident, epipleura separated from second tergite by a fold; apical ter- gite prominent; ovipositor originating from a ventral cleft far before apex of abdomen, sheath narrow; entire body, including antennae, legs, and even the wings clothed with long hair. Most of the characters mentioned are brought out in Plate 4. Ypsistocerus, new genus. The characters given for the subfamily. Genoty pe.—Y psistocerus manni, new species. Although the mandibles do not close against the clypeus the opening left is very different in structure from that of the Cyclostomi and the genus evidently does not belong to that PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 2, FEB., 1923 55 group. Otherwise it runs best in Szepligeti’s Genera Insectorum Key to couplet 17. Here it differs from those subfamilies falling under the first alternate in the presence of the second intercubitus and from those under the second alternate by the lack of the first intercubitus. Following the second alternate it runs, though not agreeing with all characters given, to the Opiinae. From this subfamily it is distinguishable at once by the position of the head and antennae and by the venation, and structure of the mouth parts, form of abdomen, short tarsi, and few-jointed antennae. Ypsistocerus manni, new species. (Figure 1). Female.—Length 2.75 mm.; antennae 2.0 mm. Head polished; eyes small but well developed, about half as long as malar space, nearly circular; temples wider than eyes; antennae with fourteen joints; maxillary palpi slender. Thorax polished, mesoscutum obscurely punctate, hardly as broad as long, narrowed anteriorly. Abdomen granularly opaque; first tergite polished, broader than long, spiracles barely before middle; portion of sheath beyond apex of abdomen barely as long as apical tergite. Dark piceous brown; lower part of pronotum, mesopleurum below, tegulae, postscutellum, posterior margins of mesonotum and metanotum, venter, and base of sheath pale; maxillae and labium white; antennae and legs dull flavous; wings hyaline, venation dark, stigma white at extreme base and apex. Ty pe-locality —Rurrenabaque, Rio Beni, Bolivia. Hivpe—Cat..INo;,25964,.U..S..N: M. One specimen taken from nest of Nasutitermes ephratae Holmgren by W. M. Mann. Ypsistocerus vestigialis, new species. (Figures 2 & 3). Distinguishable at once from manni by its vestigial eyes and differing further as follows: Female.—Length 2.0 mm.; antennae 1.6 mm. Antennae with thirteen joints; maxillary palpi short and stout, the apical joint much shorter and smaller than basal; mesoscutum longer than broad, hardly narrowed anteriorly; first tergite as long as broad, spiracles before middle; exserted portion of sheath as long as apical and subapical tergites combined. In arrangement of color like manni but the general color is brownish yellow. T ype-locality.—Rurrenabaque, Rio Beni, Bolivia. type. Cat..No. 25965, U.S. Ne Oe One specimen taken from nest of Nasutitermes cornigera Motschulsky by W. M. Mann. FLATE 4 PROC. ENT. SOC, WASH., VOL. 25 CUSHMAN—YPSISTOCERUS. Figure 1. Ypsistocerus manni. Lateral view to show general structure and wing venation. Figure 2. Ypsistocerus vestigialis. Head, facial view. Figure 3. Ypsistocerus vestigialis. Mouth parts, ventral view: g—galea, /b-labium, /c—lacinia, m-mandible, p—maxillary palpus, s—stipes. Actual date of publication, February 28, 1923. / EDITORIAL. As the years have gone by since this society was founded in 1884, naturally there has come a great change in the personnel of the workers in entomology in Washington as well as in the rest of the country and in the rest of the world. The men who have come up to take the places of the older men who have gone on before belong in the main to a different type. The world has changed in many ways, and so the entomologists have become changed. As a rule they are less amateurish and more broadly educated. A great group of professional entomologists has sprung up. And with this broader training and great increase in numbers there has come a vastly enlarged conception of the extraordinary field of study offered by the class Insecta. We realize now as never before that this single group of the animal kingdom offers in its almost miraculous range of adap- tations in structure and habit, due to its very great age on this earth and to its physical characteristics, opportunities for investigations of absorbing interest for a whole army of workers. Narrow personal jealousies, common in the old days, have largely disappeared, mainly through this broadening of the view of most of us; and for many reasons the workers in entomology all over the world have come closer together in a spirit of mutual helpfulness. The day is coming, and coming fast, when the importance of entomological work of all kinds will be recognized by all classes of people, and when entomology will be considered quite as dignified an occupation as astronomy or paleontology, and perhaps more so. —I. O. Howard. NOTES AND NEWS ITEMS. Age and Area: A Study in Geographical Distribution and Origin of Species. By Dr. J. C. Willis. With Chapters by Hugo de Vries, H. B. Guppy, Mrs. E. M. Reid and Dr. James Small. Pp. x-259 (Cambridge University Press, 1922). To introduce and support a new conception in evolution is a precarious task. But this is really what Dr. Willis has set himself in his book. Undoubtedly his work will find many critics. And few, we venture, will at once accept his con- clusions. We can thank him, however, for this. He has added new zest to a study that was becoming tedious. At bottom the thought is simply this. As the widening circles in a pond mark the time distance from the dropping of a pebble, so the distribution of a species marks its age. Perhaps this has always been admitted but it has scarcely been applied in mathematical fashion as a method of estimation. Rare endemics have hardly been considered as newcomers and relics have been conceded common. “The greatest change from the older view of matters,’’ Dr. Willis tells us, consists in the fact that since one can no longer accept either the view of local adaptation or that of relic nature, for the great majority of local species, and as these show definite numerical relationships to those of wider distribution that occur beside them one must regard the two classes as related. But as area goes with age, the endemics must be the younger and must therefore be looked upon as in general descended from the wides, and as young species just commencing their careers. ce While Dr. Willis discards the two common views, that endemics are special- ized forms suited only to the areas within which they occur or that they are old forms driven into odd corners by competition, he hardly explains extinction adequately. Coleus elongatus, we \earn, occurs only on the summit of Ritigala Peak, C. inflatus is common to all the mountain regions of Ceylon, C. malabaricus has extended its range to the plains and to the mountains of South India while C. barbatus occurs almost throughout tropical Asia and Africa. These Co/ei, Dr. Willis thinks, have equal facilities for distribution. The one must, therefore, i very much younger than the others and must have been derived from one of them. The systematist will, perhaps, read the chapter on the origin of species, with considerable interest, as will, no doubt, some others with a little distaste. It must not be supposed that the book neglects the question of barriers. Chapter V is a very interesting one. But possibly the most interesting of all is the discussion of monotypic genera and genera of large size and the hollow curve of distribution into sizes. In entomology Meyrick has supplied the data on Micros and Dalla Torre’s catalogue was utilized for the Ichneumonidae. Several catalogues of the Coleoptera have been consulted and Burrett’s British Lepidoptera is men- tioned. : On the whole one is bound to admire the flair the author shows for his theory rather than the arguments he gives in support of it. At first reading we are apt to put the book aside. But we should remember this. We have at first put aside many things that have later proven to contain much of truth. And there may be more in this than we at first think. —A. C. Baker. VOL. 25 MAR., 1923 No. 3 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON CONTENTS eee | \ BRIDWELL, J. C.—THE HOST PLANT AND HABITS OF BA a IES GRISEOLUS (FALL) (GOLEOPT.)) 5 9. . 9 4) - Anal “alg, BUCHANAN, L. L.—THE EUROPEAN AMALUS HAEMORRHOUS HBST. IN- THE UNITED STATES (CURCULIONIDAE) ...... Babee RS CAUDELL, A. N.—A NEW SPECIES OF ZORAPTERA FROM BOLIVIA . . 7760 FOUTS, ROBERT.—DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SERPHOID PARASITE (HYMEN. )) . 64 GAHAN, A. B.—-AN EULOPHID PARASITE OF THE CHRYSANTHEMUM MIDGE (HYMENOPTERA, [CHALCIDOIDEA)) =» = oa). 65 GAHAN, A. B.—THE ROLE OF THE TAXONOMIST IN PRESENT DAY ENTOMOLOGY 69 GREENE, CHARLES T.—-THE IMMATURE STAGES OF HYDROPHORUS AGALMA WHEELER (DIPTERA) .. Re PE ee a Te en oe fe GG MC ATEE, W. L.—DESCRIPTIONS OF BIBIO > (DIPTERA) FROM THE CAROLINAS. 62 TIMBERLAKE, P. H.—REVIEW OF MERCET’S WORK ON THE ENCYRTIDAE (HYMENOPTERA) OF THE IBERIAN PENINSULA .......... S57 PusiisHeED MontrHiy Except Juty, AuGUST AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON OrGaAnizeD Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 p. M. ) Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the ProcEEDINGs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1923. LONOT GIy RETOSIdenT Ay Marie a are ee eee ee E. A. SCHWARZ PRESIGERE Sg et gh Le ooo ice CAE Ga ea ae . L. O. HOWARD BarstaVaiceBrestaent 20. fuehee ome ne ... A. G. BOVING SEGOnGM ECE TESIACHT UNE, tn ean en en eee R. A. CUSHMAN IRCCOUAINGUSCCELARY) sre =), ae ae . s.. . (CC. Po GREE Corresponding Sccnciahy Tea SUL Cra ee S. A. ROHWER U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. EAT OT CARA ae toe: tA Oi oy TA ah eee ee ea A. C2 BAKER East Falls Church, Va. Executive Committee: THe Orricers and A. N. Caupe tt, A. L. QuatInraNnce, J. M. AtpricxH. Representing the Society as a Vice-President of the Washington Academy of DS CLOGS ON «talent tenia | Ieee er ee ge ee . S. A. ROHWER PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. Terms of subscription: Domestic, $4.00 per annum; foreign, $4.25 per annum; recent single numbers, 50 cents, foreign postage extra. All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the Procreepincs will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies DDS 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. a PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON MOL. (25 MARCH, 1923 No.3 REVIEW OF MERCET’S WORK ON THE ENCYRTIDAE (HYMEN- OPTERA) OF THE IBERIAN PENINSULA. By P. H. TimBertake, Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Experiment Station, Honolulu. All students of the Encyrtidae, one of the most interesting groups of the Chalcid-flies, can not fail to admire the recent work of Ricardo Garcia Mercet, on this family... The faunal area covered is the Iberian peninsula, thus inclusive of both Spain and Portugal, but as a matter of fact the work will serve probably almost equally well for southern Europe as a whole. As it is the only general work on the European fauna that has appeared since the years 1875 and 1876, it will prove to be especially valuable to American workers who wish a modern interpretation of the old European genera. Mercet has brought together descriptions of about 225 species distributed in 91 genera. In 1875 Mayr described 102 species in 25 genera and included all of Europe at least ostensibly in his faunal region, although most of his material came from Germany and Austria. Thomson in his Hymenoptera Scandinaviae (1876) described 81 species in 24 genera from Sweden, and Morley in his list of British Chalcid-flies records 134 species in 24 genera from Great Britain. The great majority of the British species were described by Walker and are not recogniz- able except by study of the types. The actual number of species occurring in the Iberian peninsula probably is greatly in excess of those so far discovered by Mercet, but it would not be safe to make any prediction of the number that will ultimately be found there or to set any limit at present to this number. It is perhaps significant that the only Encyrtid which I have seen from Spain is not included in Mercet’s work, and it is perhaps the most beautifully colored species that I have seen from any region. The work is profusely illustrated with text figures which are admirable in general effect and apparently fairly accurate in details. The generic tables are admittedly artificial but never- theless give accurate results. There are also tables to aid in the identification of the species in each genus when more than a single species 1s included. 1Rauna Iberica. Himendpteros, Fam. Encirtidos. By Ricardo Garcia Mercet. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid (Hipédromo), pages I-XI, 1-732, 292 text figures, Dec. 25, 1921. (Price 18 pesetas.) 58 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 Mercet has abandoned the classification of the group elabor- ated by Ashmead, but divides the Encyrtidae into two very unequal subfamilies, the Arrhenophaginae and the Encyrtinae. Although much can be said in favor of the abandonment of the tribes Ectromatini, Encyrtini and Muirini on account of the bewildering plasticity of the group whereby the same character may have been developed independently in different genera (as for instance the fascicle of hairs at the apex of the scutellum in Encyrtus, Cheiloneurus and Chrysoplatycerus), 1 still believe that these tribes are on the whole natural groups, but that the classification might be bettered is now self-evident. Mercet has overlooked the fact that Ashmead divided these tribes not so much on the dentition of the mandibles only, as on a com- bination of characters, the peculiar character of the abdomen of the Ectromotini being especially stressed. Nevertheless, even if a combination of characters is used there is still room for confusion in the old classification (even Ashmead, himself, made errors in distributing his genera, in most cases from too superficial study of his material), as not a few genera show intermediate and annectant characters. It is therefore a great advantage at present to include all of the genera of the Encyrtinae in a single artificial table for the pur- pose of identification, and to leave the division into tribes to another place. This is largely what Mercet has done not only in regard to the generic tables, but also in subdivision of the Encyrtinae, as he divides the subfamily into twelve unnamed “sroups”’ (p. 56-60), which with a little more elaboration might be elevated into tribes. Probably the future classification of the subfamily which is now becoming unwieldy through the constant discovery and description of many new genera, will tend towards the recognition of comparative numerous tribes. The number of these will necessarily have to be much greater than the three proposed by Ashmead, in order to attain to a desirable degree of homogeneity. To return to a consideration of Mercet’s work we find that Forster’s Eucomys is used for Encyrtus Latreille, and the latter genus is credited to Dalman and used for the group of species to which Ashmead restricted the Thomsonian genus Microterys. Microterys in turn is misapplied to a number of species which mostly belong to Syrphophagus Ashmead. According to my interpretation Latreille’s description of Encyrtus is sufficiently exact to apply only to Eucomys Forster, and the identity of (Chrysis) infidus (Illiger) with (Pteromalus) scutellatus (Sweder- us) 1s reasonably certain. But those who can not recognize Latreille’s description and fall back upon Dalman’s should not overlook the type fixation of “‘Encyrtus Dalman,” by Curtis in 1832 and Westwood in 1840. Both of these authors selected Encyrtus scutellaris Dalman (= scutellatus Swederus) as the PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 59 type of Encyrtus, so that in either case the genus Eucomys Forster must fall as a synonym of Encyrtus. Mercet deserves little credit for shifting the genotype of Microterys Thomson from Encyrtus sylvius Dalman, selected by Ashmead in 1900, to Encyrtus aeruginosus Dalman, thus trans- ferring the name to much different groups of species, and in fact it is this refusal to recognize previous work that causes so much instability in nomenclature. Outside of the application of the three generic names, Encyrtus, Microterys, and Eucomys, Mercet has shown commendable judgment in the use of the old European genera, although I believe that Westwood’s genus Ectroma has not been correctly identified by modern workers including Mercet. The fault, however, goes back to Westwood himself as he cited (Eupel/mus) rufus (Dalman) as the type of Ectroma in 1840, probably believ- ing that his fu/vescens was a synonym of rufus. Judging from the short description of fu/vescens it is certainly quite a different species, but its actual position is difficult to determine. It would be better to use 4g/yptus Forster in place of Ectroma of authors, and leave the question of the relationship of Anusia Forster and Ectroma Westwood open to further investi- gation by some worker who has access to Westwood’s type. Some 37 new genera and 5 new subgenera are described by Mercet either in the present work or in preliminary papers since 1916. Most of the new genera I believe are good but at least three synonyms are apparent. Habrolepistia 1s Comperi- ella Howard, 1908; Masia seems to be the same as Paracalo- cerinus Girault, 1915; and PAilodoceras is Murastymachus Girault, 1915, which I regard as a subgenus of Xanthoencyrtus Ashmead, 1902. On the other hand Mercet’s Leptomastidea antedates my own Tanaomastix which must fall as a synonym. Mercet also recognizes a number of genera proposed by American workers and it would seem not always with happy results. Ooencyrtus Ashmead is not correctly identified, and for it is used Schedius Howard, which is a synonym of Ooencyrtus by ordinary standards (Schedius differs only in having the scutel- lum of a duller sculpture than the mesoscutum). Acerophagus Smith, Heterathrellus Howard, and Chalcaspis Howard are not correctly used although the species included are similar in some respects to the type species. Heterathrellus as I pointed out some years ago has bidentate mandibles and is extremely close to Anagyrus Howard. Chalcaspis also had bidentate mandibles, but the antennae are much more clavate than in the species included by Mercet, the wing margin is not excised, the stigmal and postmarginal veins are equal in length, and in the male the antennae are much different, being similar to those in the genus Allocerellus Siivestri, 1915, and Habrolepis Forster, 1856, with an elongated club and two short funicle joints, besides three 60 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 vestigial funicle joints incorporated into one side of the base of the club. The single species included under PAi/oponectroma Bréthes is evidently a male Anagyrus and the males described under Anagyrus probably do not rightfully belong there. I have seen the males of a considerable number of reared species of dnagyrus and they always have the peculiar little scale-like hairs standing erect in a row on the sixth funicle joint and the base of the club. The original Philoponectroma is most probably the male of the genus Paranusia Brethes, which is hardly distinct from Anagy- rus. It also should be noted that /phycus nigritus Mercet is pre- occupied by Howard’s species of the same name published in 1898, and that the original spelling of Cheiloneurus is not fol- lowed. For the genus Tric/ladia Mercet, 1918, the name Tricnemus is proposed by Mercet on account of Tricladus Ender- lein, 1906, but according to American usage the change is unnecessary, Tricladia and Tricladus being sufficiently different. The generic name Tyndarichoides Mercet is preoccupied by Girault’s genus of the same name (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. 58, 1920;"p. 1189). On the whole Mercet has produced an extremely valuable work which will prove to be indispensable to all students of this group, and deserves the congratulations of all workers interested in the classification of the Chalcidoidea upon its completion. A NEW SPECIES OF ZORAPTERA FROM BOLIVIA!. By A. N. Caupe.., Bureau of Entomology. Dr. Wm. M. Mann, entomologist with the Mulford Expedi- tion to South America in 1921-1922, brought back a single specimen of Zoraptera, a dealated female fortunately in almost perfect condition. It proves to be an undescribed species of Zorotypus apparently the most nearly allied to the nearctic Z. snyderi Cdll., but conspicuously differing from that species by being black in general coloration instead of light yellowish brown, and also by various structural differences as shown by the following description: Zoraptera manni, n. sp. Winged female, other sex and forms unknown.—General color black, the palpi, the mouth, the antennal sockets and intersegmental sutures and the last two segments of the antennae as well as the tips of the tibia and the tarsi pale; eyes margined with pale color except the lower border; the whole insect beset with black hairs and setae, both on body and appendages, those of the abdomen 1Results Mulford Biological Exploration.—Entomology. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 61 situated mostly along the margins and directed posteriorly. Morphologically somewhat similar to smyderi but separable from that species by various points of difference; the antennae are nearer those of smyderi than of any other de- scribed species; the basal and third segments are no more than one and one-half times as long as broad while in smyderi the basal is almost and the third fully twice as long as broad; in manni the second segment is slightly more than one- half times longer than broad while in smyderi it is not at all more than half longer than wide; the last two segments of manni are pallid, being in strong contrast to the rest of the segments, which are blackish; in smyderi the entire antenna is light yellowish or brown, the last two segments not strongly con- trasted with the rest. Pronotum slightly broader than long, slightly and gradu- ally narrowing posteriorly, the lateral margins gently bowed outwards. Legs noticeably-stouter than in suyderi, the posterior femora being but two and one-half times as long as broad while in smyderi they are fully three times as long as broad; the anterior femora are noticably more broadened mesially than in snyderi: posterior femora armed beneath on the inner margin with ten stout spines, the basal one scarcely its own length from the base of the femora, the next one fully its own length from the basal one and the rest at gradually and slightly decreasing intervals, the distance separating each from the other being less than the length of one of them; the apical spine is longer than the preceding ones and very slender, being indeed scarcely more robust than some of the apical bristles on the dorsal surface, and like them also in being slightly curved, thus being scarcely different and therefore it should probably not be considered as a ventral spine but as an apical seta; the outer lower margin of the hind femora bears three long slender spines, or stout setae; in the apical half and along the dorsal surface is a series of apically directed setae in more than one row; the posterior tibiae bear rows of moderately stout setae, all directed towards the apex of the tibia. Wings broken away, the stubs only remaining, the point of breakage being basad of the point of commencement of the venation and the stub appearing as two small projections as described under Z. hubbardi Cdll.2 The abdomen is ‘plump; cerci similar to those of smyderi, the apical style scarcely twice as long as the cercus, the lateral ones no longer than the cercus. Entire length, from front of head to tip of abdomen approximately 2.7 mm.; of posterior femora, .69 mm.; of pronotum, .42 mm.; width, pronotum, .47 mm. Type, a single dealated female, Rio Ivon, Bolivia, February, 1922; the Mulford Exploration, Dr. Wm. M. Mann, collector. Type in collection of the U. S. National Museum. Catalogue No. 25751. Dr. Mann, in whose honor this interesting species is named, collected the type during a canoe trip up the Rio Ivon, a tribu- tary of the Lower Rio Beni. A brief stop permitted a few minutes collecting along the shore, and among the insects taken was this single specimen of Zorotypus, found under the bark of a decayed log in abandoned termite galleries. As thorough a search as opportunity afforded failed to reveal other specimens. 2Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. xxii, p. 87 (1920). 62 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 Dr. Mann has collected termites extensively in many regions but has never taken Zoraptera in actual association with white ants. In termitania in trees and in termite-built mounds where the occurrence of Zoraptera might indicate relationship with the termites, it was not found, though search for inquilines was made in many nests. Dr. Mann thus concludes that the fre- quent occurrence of Zoraptera in or near termite galleries is attributable to the similar environmental requirements of the two groups; this view is in accord with those previously recorded by the present writer.' DESCRIPTIONS OF BIBIO (DIPTERA) FROM THE CAROLINAS. By W. L. McATEE. Mr. C. S. Brimley sent the writer for description the material of all but the first of the species mentioned in this paper. Holo- types have been deposited in the U. S. National Museum. Male of Bibio rufithorax Wiedemann. The male of this species has never been described, but I am able to remedy the deficiency, since two males were collected by Mr. E. R. Kalmbach of the U. S. Biological Survey, at Myrtle Beach, S. C., April 22, 1919, in company with a female recorded in a previous paper,’ and with which they agree in essential structural characters. Two of the leading characters for recognition of the species are the short inner spurs of the front tibiae and the blackish fumose wings. The integument of the male is black almost throughout, the legs being somewhat tinged with brownish, the tibial spurs translucent reddish, and the humeral ridges yellowish. The hair upon the eyes is of moderate length, erect and black; that of the occiput, thorax, and anterior half of abdomen longer, pliant and grayish, of the posterior half of abdomen of the same texture but black in color; the hair of the legs is chiefly bristly in character and black. Bibio rufithorax is an addition to the long list of Bibionid species in which the*sexes are differently colored, the female being the brighter. Bibio alienus, n. sp. Two pairs of 7d70 collected in copula at Raleigh, N. C., April 19, 1921, by T. B. Mitchell appear to represent an undescribed species. (Holotype ‘male and allotype female designated.) The inner spur of front tibia is much shorter than the outer. 1Proc. Ento. Soc. Wash., vol. xxii, p. 97 (1920). 2Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 60, 1921, p. 13. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 63 Male.—Head and body black, the humeral ridges yellowish; short, erect hair upon eyes black; longer, flexuous hair of occiput dark, of thorax and abdomen whitish. The legs have the coxae, trochanters, tibiae and tarsi of first two pairs brownish to blackish, all femora reddish-yellow, hind legs of this color through- out, the joints more or less blackish distally. Wings nearly hyaline, a little fumose along costa, the stigma moderate in size, dark brown. Length of wing: 5-5.5 mm. Female.—Head black, abdomen brownish-black, thorax and most of legs reddish yellow, front tibiae, hind coxae and tips of other leg joints blackish; hair of head, thorax and legs rather bristly, that of abdomen somewhat softer, pale reddish. Wings dusky fumose, darker costally, the stigma and veins near costa blackish. Length of wing: 7 mm. The male of this species runs to B. nervosus in my key (op. cit. p. 7) but in the same sex that species has more abundant long hair on the occiput, more copious pubescence on thorax, longer hair on eyes, and darker wings. The female runs to B. /ongipes but has the hind coxae blackish, and much darker wings. Bibio afer, n. sp. Male.—Inner spine of front tibia much shorter than outer; color black except humeral ridges and a stripe along the inner side of each hind tibia which are yellowish; hair of eyes and posterior half of abdomen black, of occiput, thorax and anterior half of abdomen grayish; hair of legs chiefly dark; wings dusky fumose darker along costa, stigma indistinct. Length of wings: 6.5 mm. Holotype & Raleigh, N. C., mid May, C. S. Brimley. This species resembles B. a/bipennis in general form and color, but the wings being dusky fumose instead of distinctly whitish as in that species make it easily recognized; in B. albipennis the hind tibial spurs are broader and blunter also. In color and vestiture the present species is much like the male of B. rufithorax, but is more slender throughout, this being especially true of the hind legs. Bibio velorum, n. sp. Inner spur of front tibia fairly long but still much shorter than outer; head, body and coxae black, humeral ridges yellowish; wings almost uniformly yellow- ish fumose; stigma small, blackish. Male.—Rather long erect hair on eyes, much longer hair of occiput and top of thorax dark, of sides of thorax, coxae and abdomen pale, grayish. Hind legs elongate, femora and tibiae clavate, metatarsi enlarged, the apices of all joints and whole of last 2 tarsal joints dark, remaining portions reddish, tibiae and tarsi brownish to black; hair of legs tending to agree in shade with integument from which it springs but that of front legs wholly dark grayish. Length of wing: 8-8.5 mm. Female.—Pubescence in general shorter and more bristly than in male but all tibiae and tarsi tend to be darker than the femora, all joints dark-tipped. Length of wing: 10-11 mm. 64 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 Four males and 2 females, Jefferson, N. C., mid Sept., 1912, C. R. Metcalf; among which a holotype male and allotype female have been designated. This species agrees very well with the description of B. scita Walker (based on a female from Nova Scotia) so far as it goes, but the writer would rather risk making a synonym than a mis- identification. The species has some similarity to B. femoratus Wied but the legs are differently colored, and the wings yellowish fumose in both sexes, whereas in femoratus the wings are blackish fumose in the females and nearly hyaline in the males. DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SERPHOID PARASITE (HYMEN.). By Roserr Fours. The Nationa] Museum has recently received from Mr. C. F. W. Muesebeck, Specialist in Parasitic Hymenoptera at Melrose Highlands, Massachusetts, specimens of a new species of Platy- gasterid recorded as having been reared from the clover seed midge, Dasyneura leguminicola Lintner. The preparation of a paper by Mr. L. P. Wehrle on the biology of Dasyneura makes it desirable to have a name for the parasite. The following one is suggested. Inostemma leguminicolae, new species. Female.—Length 1.3 mm. Robust; head a little less than twice as wide as long, as wide as the thorax, finely reticulate, of a scaly appearance; vertex rounded; lateral ocelli nearer to the eye margin than to the lateral ocellus; occiput without an impression, not separated from the vertex by a carina or ridge; frons above with a shallow longitudinal groove; antennae .577 mm. long, not especially thick (Fig. 1.); thoracic ratio: length 21, width 18, height 15; thorax Fig. 1. Inostemma leguminicolae Fouts; antenna of female paratype. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL, 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 65 shagreened, more strongly so on the pronotum and scutellum; notauli distinct not very deep; median lobe of mesonotum shallowly concave, shining, aciculate posteriorly; scutellum wider than long, depressed, scaly laterally, with a broad concavity posteriorly; abdomen one and one-half times as long as the thorax, -/11 mm. long, twice as long as wide, distinctly but only very slightly, narrower than the thorax, acute apically; horn of first tergite regularly curved, perfectly cylindrical throughout, scaly, longitudinally aciculate laterally near the apex, its tip extending forward as far as the anterior margin of the pronotum; second tergite as wide as long, two-thirds as wide at base as at apex, polished, its sur- face posteriorly covered by very faint aciculae; broad basal fovea not sculptured; area at the sides of the basal fovea striate, the striae becoming very faint posteriorly; tergites three to five very finely reticulate, broadly transverse, diminishing in length posteriorly, each with its posterior margin polished; sixth tergite triangular, pointed apically, as wide as long, about as long as the two segments preceding, shagreened, rather thickly covered with short white hairs; the last four segments united three-fourths as long as the second is wide, becom- ing regularly narrower distad; wings hyaline, the anterior pair with a narrow marginal fringe, the posterior pair with a wider one; anterior wings 1.0 mm. in length. Black; apices of anterior tibiae yellowish-brown; all tarsi, except the last joint of each, brown. Ty pe-locality —Ithaca, New York. Type.—Cat. No. 25265, U.S, N..M. One paratype in the author’s collection. Host.—Dasyneura leguminicola Lintner. Described from three female specimens reared by Mr. L. P. Wehrle. The dates of emergence are: September 17, 1920, (type) July 26, 1921, and January 2, 1922. This is the second Platygasterid species known to be parasitic on the clover seed midge. Platygaster leguminicolae Fouts (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. 22, 1920, p. 69) has quite a distribu- tion, having been collected in Oregon and New York. AN EULOPHID PARASITE OF THE CHRYSANTHEMUM MIDGE (HYMENOPTERA, CHALCIDOIDEA). By A. B. Ganan. The following described parasite can not be connected with any published description and is believed to be new. Since Mr. C. C. Hamilton from whom the specimens were received contemplates treating of the species in a paper dealing with the host insect at an early date, advantage is taken of this oppor- tunity to describe it and make the name available for his use. Tetrastichus diarthronomyiae, new species. Belongs to the group having a distinct median groove on the mesoscutum and a single erect bristle on the dorsal side of the submarginal vein. Antennae with apparently four ring-joints, three funicle joints and a three-jointed club. 66 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 Female—Length, 1.2 mm. Head finely and rather weakly lineolate-reticu- late, the frons along the inner eye-margins with a few scattered punctures and the occiput a little more coarsely reticulated than elsewhere on the head; antennal pedicel subequal to or very slightly shorter than the first funicle joint; ring-joints minute; first funicle joint a little less than twice as long as thick; second joint slightly longer than the first and a little more than twice as long as thick; third joint subequal to the first; club subequal in length to joints two and three of the funicle combined and a little broader than the funicle, fusiform, the joints indistinctly separated by shallow sutures, the apical joint smaller than the others and terminating in a short spine; thorax robust, scarcely longer than broad, the mesoscutum and scutellum finely lineolated, the latter convex, a little broader than long with the two dorsal grooves distinct; propodeum medially very short, without a median carina, with distinct shallow reticulate-punctate sculpture, the spiracles placed in a small and very shallow depression which is nearly smooth; pleura weakly sculptured; marginal vein of the forewing nearly twice as long as the short submarginal and terminating very slightly beyond the middle of the anterior margin of wing; stigmal vein about one-third as long as marginal; joints of hind tarsi all subequal; abdomen slightly longer than head and thorax combined, nearly as broad as the thorax, conic-ovate in outline, with faint reticulations above and below; ovipositor not exserted. Head and thorax dark metallic bluish, often almost black; antennae dark fuscous to fusco- testaceous, the scape frequently almost black; the femora at apex, all tibiae and the middle and hind tarsi, except apitally, pale testaceous; front tarsi entirely and the apical joint of median and hind pairs fuscous; wings hyaline, venation dark brown; abdomen black with bluish or bronze reflections above. Male unknown. Ty pe-locality —Baltimore, Md. Type.—Cat. No. 25592 U.S. N. M. Host.—Dhiarthronomyia hypogaea F. Lw. Type and twelve female paratypes mounted on card points and reared by C. C. Hamilton of the University of Maryland, December 30, 1921, from the above named Cecidomyid infesting chrysanthemums. Also nine paratype females from the same source mounted in balsam on a single slide. THE IMMATURE STAGES OF HYDROPHORUS AGALMA WHEELER (DIPTERA). By Cuartes T. Greene, Bureau of Entomology. The large family Dolichopodidae is well represented in many collections by adult material, and numerous species have been described from all parts of the world. The immature stages however are almost unknown having been described in only about six species. The genus Hydrophorus is known principally from the north temperate zone and includes about fifty-five species. The adults are found about the edge of water and PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL, 25 PLATE 5 GREENE—HYDROPHORUS AGALMA. 68 PROC, ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 frequently walk upon its surface. Up to the present time no immature stages have been known in this genus. The dis- covery of the larvae of the above species by Professor Charles H. O’Donoghue, of the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, is therefore of uncommon interest. The material herein described was received from Professor O’ Donoghue, who writes as follows: “The specimens were taken in water only a few inches deep on the north side of the spit where it joined the main ridge. The bottom here is a mixture mainly composed of sand with a little mud and owing to its sheltered position is practically undisturbed.’’ An interesting thing about the larva is that the cell which it makes is too short to permit it to lie straight. Each of the cells opened contained one larva and the head was bent backward over the dcrsum, the two ends nearly meeting. The two upper lobes at the caudal end of the larva can be folded down over the stigmal plates, probably to protect them. The long anterior spiracle of the pupa projects through the sand cocoon about the length of the last joint. Hydrophorus agalma Wheeler. (Plate 5). Proceedings California Academy of Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 1, 3d Ser., 1899, p. 66, Plate 4, figs. 120, 121. Larva (fig. 1).—Small, cylindrical, yellowish-white, nearly opaque; there are eleven segments of unequal length, last segment somewhat globular, and a small segment at the head which is very often retracted; cephalic end tapers slightly towards the head; caudal end has four lobe-like projections, two above and two larger ones below; the lobes are flat, fleshy, rounded and tapering slightly towards the apex; on the ventral surface there is an area along the apical edge of the last eight segments which is covered with short, pale yellow, chitinous pointed spines used in locomotion; the mouth hooklets (cephalopharyngeal skeleton) are large and heavily chitinized and retractile (fig. 1 d, e); the posterior end (fig. 1 b) has the appearance of a faint cavity; above its center and towards the outer edge are located the posterior spiracles; the spiracle is at the center of the base of the upper lobe; each spiracular plate (fig. 1a) is chitinous, brownish- yellow, nearly round with a slight indentation on the upper, outer edge; the surface is flat with a dark brown area reaching the outer edge at six different places; the two upper lobes can be folded down over the spiracular plates; they are semi-transparent and the spiracles can be faintly seen in the lateral view. Length, 6.5 mm., diameter 1 mm. Berens Island, Lake Winnipeg, July, 1918, Prof. Charles H. O’ Donoghue, Collector. Pupa cells or cocoon (fig. 3). Cylindrical, a little longer than its diameter; made entirely of sand and held together by a transparent, colorless, gelatine- like substance; inside is a cell just large enough to hold the pupa. Length, 7 mm., diameter, 4.5 to 5 mm. Pupa (fig. 2).—Small, robust, yellow; anterior spiracles are quite long, slender, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 69 three joints of equal length; first joint pale yellowish-white, swollen in the middle and tapering towards each end; second and third joints very slender, cylindrical, dark brownish-yellow, with a black band at the base; in the middle of the front of the head is a black, heavily chitinized tubercle (fig. 2 c) which is divided into four sharp points at the apex, the larger points below; on each side of the center is a very slender, small, cylindrical, yellow tube-like projection with a fine bristle at the apex; the head and all the thoracic parts are dark yellowish-brown; leg capsules are paler towards the apex. Abdomen is composed of nine seg- ments, the apical one is very small; abdomen is a pale, whitish-yellow and tapers nearly to a point at the apex; on segments two to eight there is a transverse dorsal row of brownish-yellow, sharp-pointed, bristle-like spines; this row is slightly above the middle of each segment and the spines in the middle of the row are a little longer than those at the ends. Length, 4 mm., diameter (at thorax) 1.5 mm. THE ROLE OF THE TAXONOMIST IN PRESENT DAY ENTOMOLOGY.! By A. B. Ganwan. My first inclination was to entitle this screed “The Tax on Taxonomists,”’ but lest some might interpret this title as pre- saging the advocacy of some new and radical form of revenue production, or still worse as a wail from a disgruntled systematist anent his own hard lot, rather than the cheerful ebullition of one throughly conténted with his job, and who revels in the difficulty of it, the less dangerous but somewhat more inclusive title of the “ Role of the Taxonomist in Present Day Entomology”’ was substituted. It is not an easy matter for one working in a purely taxonomic field, and that a strictly limited one, to choose a subject for an address which will be of interest to the general membership of this society. Inured though I know it to be to varied brands of verbal bombardment, I have no desire to go down in the annals of the Society as the one who added the proverbial last straw. Bearing in mind this hazard it was not without considerable trepidation that I chose as my subject for this occasion the theme indicated by the title. If what I am about to say does not come up to expectations, I beg of you to place the blame upon the precedent which makes it necessary for a retiring president to deliver an address rather than upon the unlucky individual who happens to be the chief victim of that precedent. A Bit of Speculation. An entomologist may be defined as one who is interested in the study of insects. It seems reasonable to suppose that man’s first interest in 1Annual Address of the President. 70 PROC, ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 insects probably came about through the bodily discomfort occasioned by their ravages upon his person rather than upon his sources of food supply. Anthropologists tell us that earliest man was a creature much given to the simple life, and prone to seek his sustenance in the chase and by foraging, rather than through the arts of husbandry. It therefore follows that he probably was little impressed by Arthropods except as their bites or their perambulating propensities irritated him by day or disturbed his slumbers by night. It might well be that the first entomologist was contemporane- ous with the first flea, or at least with the first establishment of mutual acquaintanceship between the genus Homo and the genus Pulex. One can readily imagine the quick interest that must have been engendered in our shaggy ancestor when the first of these six-legged tormentors landed perhaps upon the exact spot which could not be conveniently reached, and began to “bore in.”” Also his further surprise and aroused curiosity after the intruding Pu/ex had finally been dislodged and chased into the open, to find that when he would crush it with a hairy thumb or fore-finger, he but bruised his digit, while the elusive visitor hopped merrily away. At such a time what more natural than that there should arise in his mind the question “What is it?” And, behold! We have the genesis of the modern entomological taxonomist, for it is exactly that question which the taxonomist is eternally trying to answer. Whether to Pulex, or to some one of several other insects belongs the distinction of thus having implanted the idea which developed the modern taxonomist, is not essential to the point. The fierce stab of Culex the mosquito, the annoying familiarity of Pediculus the cootie, the stealthy nocturnal foraging of Cimex the bed-bug, or the murderous attack of Vespa the hornet, would any one of them probably have produced the same reaction. As the struggle for existence became more keen, and man was gradually driven to take up the art of husbandry, his interest in insects must have received a powerful added impetus. When by the sweat of his brow and at the expense of blistered hands and a lame back, he had brought his small garden patch to the point of anticipated fruition, only to see it devastated and wiped out by a horde of hungry grasshoppers (or locusts if you belong to that school), he no doubt often became discouraged and wondered, as sometimes does his modern successor, whether it was worth while after all. One can readily picture him returning from an unsuccessful hunt to find that in his absence the plague had descended upon his little clearing and that his one remaining hope of a means of appeasing his appetite was rapidly disappearing. In his rage he possibly seized the first weapon at hand and began threshing about among his plants with the idea of revenging himself upon the despoilers. At the PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 71 sudden commotion the ‘“‘hoppers”’ probably hied themselves away a short distance out of danger and faced about to see what was happening, as modern “hoppers” have a habit of doing. If this particular ancestor chanced to be of a wide awake and original turn of mind, an idea may have popped into his head at this point. This idea would have been something on this order, ‘“‘If they (the hoppers) are afraid of me and fly before me, why not drive them out of my garden.” Here perhaps was the genesis of the economic entomologist. As illustrative of the value of a really good original idea, it may be stated without prejudice to the economists, that the method is still in use, as witness the measures employed to-day in the battle against grasshopper outbreaks in South Africa and elsewhere. So far I have dealt mostly with pre-historical facts or fancies, whichever you choose to call them. In thus permitting my imagination this slight indulgence, I trust I have not wandered too far from fact, nor transgressed too greatly the accepted rules which prescribe that scientific discussion must be dignified. If unhappily I have done so, I shall hope to make partial amends in what follows. Having established a possible pre-historic beginning for taxonomy, as well as the economic phase of entomological research, we will next consider briefly and in a very general way its progress in the light of recorded history. Early History of Taxonomy. Dr. C. L. Marlatt in a presidential address before this society in February, 1897,! gave an extremely interesting historical survey of the literature of the science of entomology. He points out that while figures and sculptures of insects occur upon the monuments of ancient Egypt, and while incidental references in the writings of Moses and the early Chinese scholars are com- mon, the first study of insects to which any importance can be attached began with Aristotle, more than three hundred years before the beginning of the Christian Era. Dr. Marlatt traces the history of the development of the science in more or less detail through the succeeding centuries down to the beginning of the present century. It is not necessary therefore, even if my limited knowledge of the subject would so permit, for me to attempt to go into a detailed review of this ancient literature. Suffice it to say, that the period of approximately 2100 years which elapsed between the time of Aristotle and the time of Linnaeus, was productive of much necesary work on the metamorphosis, anatomy and physiology of insects, as well as several scarcely successful attempts at classification. This pioneer work, forming as it undoubtedly did, a foundation for 1Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. IV, 1897, pp. 83-120. 72 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 the work of Linnaeus and those who follow him, was of great importance, and represented no small advance since the time of Aristotle. The most interesting and important development during the period, from the standpoint of the present discus- sion, was the attempt by Swammerdam in his “Biblia naturae” or “Bibel der Natur,” published in 1737-8, at a classification of insects, using metamorphosis as the basis for primary divisions, and characters taken from the adults as the basis for smaller groups. This work was very imperfect and incomplete, but represented a considerable step forward, and undoubtedly exerted a more or less profound influence upon the work of those who followed. That the science was still in a very primitive condition, however, is apparent. The theory of spontaneous generation had not yet been entirely discarded; the number of recognized genera and species of insects was sur- prisingly small; no satisfactory or workable classification had yet been evolved, and in lieu of a system of nomenclature the cumbersome descriptive paragraph was still in use. Economic practice during the period seems largely to have taken the form of prayers to the Almighty for deliverance from outbreaks, and of appeals to the courts for judgments against insects. The latter practice was so general during the Middle Ages, that special rules and highly imposing legal forms and ceremonies were developed by the courts for the handling of suits against insects, as has been entertainingly described by Dr. L. O. Howard, in an address before the Association of Economic Entomologists in 1894.3 Modern Status of Taxonomy. In spite of the interest attached to the pre-Linnaean evolution- ary period, it is nevertheless apparent to every student of entomology that for all practical purposes the real history of the science dates from the publication of the 10th edition of Lin- naeus. For centuries the study had been floundering about like a rudderless ship on an uncharted sea, occasionally mak- ing a little progress in one direction or another, but for the most part, getting nowhere. Under the guiding and _ steadying influence of the binomial system of nomenclature, and with a workable classification serving as a chart, the good ship immedi- ately took up a straight course and has made continuous progress ever since. Following publication of the various editions of Linnaeus came a period in which taxonomic investigation monopolized practically the whole field of entomology. Fabricius with his 1TInsect Life, vol. VII, 1894, pp. 55-108. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 73 classification based almost wholly upon the mouthparts, came and went. Latreille, to whom ts due the credit for first properly limiting the Class Insecta, as well as for harmonizing and weld- ing into a natural system based on a combination of meta- _morphosis, wings, and mouthparts the conflicting systems of Swammerdam, Linné and Fabricius, also accomplished his purpose and passed on. Thunberg, Olivier, Illiger, Schrank, Panzer, Kirby and Spence, Meigen, Fallén, Cuvier, DeJean, Spinola, Klug, Say, Gravenhorst and many other illustrious names are associated with the period. This was the formative period in entomology; the period when the foundation started by Linnaeus was expanded and strength- ened to carry the great superstructure which was to be erected upon it; the period in which collections were acquired and facts accumulated, sifted and associated; in which classifications were laboriously built up, picked to pieces and wholly or in part dis- carded. Out of it all came a rational and workable classification which forms the basis for all our knowledge, both systematic and economic, to-day. What has been done since has simply amplified and extended the original structure started by Lin- naeus and his immediate successors. A thought which I particularly want to impress is this: that the ground work, the foundation of the whole immense ento- mological structure of to-day is essentially taxonomic. Prof. Raymond Pearl of Johns Hopkins University in a recent address,! makes this significant statement, “The first step toward a proper knowledge of the phenomenal world is obviously to get the phenomena classified in an orderly scheme. In biology this takes the practical form of getting the different kinds of plants and animals described, named and classified.” The truth of this statement can not be gainsaid. Objects with- out names can not well be talked of or written about; without descriptions they can not be identified, and such knowledge as may have accumulated regarding them is sealed; unclassified their relationships are unknown and the possibilities of deduc- tion are destroyed. In short, without the fundamental work of the taxonomist the great mine of entomological literature would not exist, and the accumulation of knowledge would be largely limited to what one could personally observe and remember. Linnaeus was able to classify all of the known animals and plants of his time. It is difficult to imagine any one so intrepid as to attempt the same thing to-day. In the field of entomology alone, the task would be too vast to be accomplished in the span of one lifetime. The mere task of consulting the literature would preclude the possibility of doing anything else. Marlatt 1Science, vol. LVI, 1922, pp. 581-592. 74 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 in 1897 estimated the number of published volumes on ento- mology of 500 pages each at between twelve and fifteen thousand with an annual accretion, exclusive of economic matter, esti- mated at 75 volumes. I believe this estimate of the annual accretions to be too conservative to apply to the present. In fact it seems to me probable that the present-day output of © America and her possession alone must be very close to that figure. With a dozen or more journals devoted entirely to entomology and each publishing a yearly volume of greater or less extent; with numerous museums maintaining entomological departments and publishing articles in one form or another; with practically all of the forty-eight states as well as several of the insular possessions maintaining corps of entomologists in their experiment stations or agricultural colleges, and frequently in their universities as well; with the Federal Bureau of Ento- mology turning out bulletins and papers at a prodigious rate, it seems fairly certain that the total annual output from all of these sources can not fall far short of Marlatt’s estimate for the whole world in 1898. Be that as it may, the fact is apparent that no one could hope to compass the whole field of entomology to-day; hence, the specialist. The tendency to specialize manifested itself even among the pupils and immediate successors of Linnaeus, as we find Meigen, Fallén, Weidemann and Zetterstedt devoting them- selves mostly to Diptera; Lepelletier, Gravenhorst and Klug to Hymenoptera; Htibner and Esper to Lepidoptera, etc. At first specialization seems to have been by orders. As the field expanded, as more genera and species became known, as more men and women were drawn into the study of the subject, as the literature became more and more extensive and compli- cated, the tendency to narrower and narrower specialization has kept pace. A few present-day specialists of unusual capacity and enthusiasm still manage to cover a whole order (as witness my good friend A. N. Caudell), but for the most part, specializa- tion in the larger orders like Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidop- tera and Coleoptera is by subdivisions of the order, not infre- quently by families or sub-families. This tendency to specialize in a narrow field is frequently the subject of disapproval or even condemnation by certain writers. No doubt it is to be regretted, but it is nevertheless the out- erowth of perfectly natural causes, and causes for which there appears to be no remedy. Just as in the field of mechanics no man is now expected to know all there is to know about the various lines of engineering, so in entomology the human capacity is limited, and if one would accomplish anything in his natural lifetime, he must forego the pleasure of knowing the whole subject, and specialize, and that along comparatively narrow lines. A good illustration of the growth of the science, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 75 as well as an excellent illustration of why in this day it is neces- sary to specialize, is to be found in the fact that Linnaeus knew but 74 genera of insects, while the recent compilation of a geno- type list of the Chalcidoidea reveals the occurrence of over 1900 generic names in that Hymenopterous superfamily alone. Having shown that the science is founded on the work of taxonomists, let us for a few moments study the relation of the taxonomist of the present day to his subject. Early systematic workers took up the study either as a pleasant recreation and relief from less interesting duties, or as an adjunct to some other line of philosophical investigation. The professional ento- mologist was unknown. Since he was under no obligation to any one so far as his entomological studies were concerned, the early worker presumably could follow whatever line of investi- gation pleased his fancy. The systematic worker of to-day is in quite a different posi- tion. More often than not he is on a bread and butter basis, i. e., earning his livelihood through his entomological endeavors. In most cases it is probable that he was drawn into the work by the same influences which attracted the earliest workers to it, viz., the interest and fascination inherent in the study itself. Probably it is true also, that the particular group upon which he specialized was more or less of his own choice. But once estab-. lished as a systematist in a particular group and having associ- ated himself with some institution of learning upon which he is dependent for a salary, he is very apt to find that he is no longer free to follow untrammeled his own inclination in the matter of the lines which his investigations will follow. In entomology, as in all other sciences, economic considerations now largely influence and often determine the direction of pure research. Not only is the systematic worker apt to find himself unable to follow his own inclination regarding the particular group or groups he will investigate, but he is very fortunate if he does not find himself so swamped with demands for determinations and other information that he is unable to do any real research work gt all. The tremendous world wide interest in economic entomology has resulted in swelling the number of economic workers to a veritable army, while the number of systematists has apparently not kept pace. As a concrete example I may state that in the whole world to-day there are probably not over a dozen individuals actively engaged in the taxonomic study of Chalcid-flies, notwithstanding the fact that the interest in parasitic insects is greater than ever before, and this group is probably the most numerous of all the parasitic forms. In most cases these systematists are not pretending to cover the whole super-family, but specializing upon one or more large families. The consequence is that the determination and classification of the specimens in a certain family for all the economic workers 76 PROC ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 of the world may fall upon two or three individuals. This would be an ideal state of affairs, perhaps, if the specimens and individuals sending them in were not quite so numerous, since it would give the systematist a world-wide view of his subject. But with the present demand for information what it is, the actual result is the swamping of the systematist with determina- tion work, with resultant dissatisfaction to both him and the one sending the specimens. In the address of Prof. Pearl from which I have already quoted I find this: ““One forms the opinion that perhaps four- fifths of the Ph. D’s turned out in zoology at the present time, not only never have, but probably never will for themselves identify an animal strange to them, and as for deciding whether the unknown creature has been previously described, or placing it in proper taxonomic relation to its nearest relatives, such a problem would be as far beyond their powers as it is beyond their desires.”” Prof. Pearl is in a position to know whereof he speaks. The entomological portion of this same four-fifths of the Ph. D’s presumably goes into the universities and colleges to teach, or into the Experiment Stations or the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture to engage in investigational work along economic lines. Having neither power nor desire, or if they have these, usually lacking the facilities to find out for themselves what a particular i insect constituting their problem may be, they must seek help. And who but the systematist can help them? Given the name, if the insect happens to be one with a history and they are at all familiar with bibliographic work, which they frequently are not, they have the key which unlocks all that is known about it. Without its name they are helpless. But all of the demands for names and information does not come from these Ph. D’s who have become professional ento- mologists. The postgraduate student or embryo Ph. D’s demand the help of the systematist in completing their theses. The undergraduates and high school students must have names for their specimens in order to get credits. Then there is the private collector who maintains a collection but often does not know enough about his hobby to name his specimens himself and sends them to the specialist, frequently with the stipulation that they must all be returned with a statement as to their ‘position in the classification, their habits, importance, etc. Among them all, the systematist does not lack for something todo. Infact, he frequently finds work piled up ahead sufficient to keep him occupied for months or even years. The resulting delay is aggravating to the worker who waits for his names, and it is equally discouraging to the systematist who sees nee hopelessly cut off from doing any of the necessary constructive classification work which he had planned to do. And this brings me to a consideration of the possibility of PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 71 relief. The one and perfect remedy would be an immediate and substantial increase in the number of working systematists. Unfortunately this is a remedy which can not be applied immediately. Taxonomy does not carry the same appeal to the popular mind as does the economic phase of entomology, for the reason that its results are less tangible and its importance is not appreciated because not understood. It is very doubtful therefor whether federal, state, or private funds would be forth- coming for the employment of any considerable number of additional taxonomists even if trained individuals were available, which they are not. It is probable that the universities and colleges would be glad to train young men and women in taxono- my were there a real demand for their services; but notwith- standing the very apparent need for more taxonomic work, there is manifested by institutions no disposition or desire to take on more taxonomists and consequently there is very little incentive for universities and colleges to turn them out. This is to be regretted for several reasons. First, because until such time as the supply of trained and working systematists is brought up to the point where they are sufficient to handle with reasonable promptness the work expected of them, the economic side of the work must suffer delay. Second under present con- ditions the taxonomic worker is prevented from doing the care- ful work which the situation demands and which would be a credit to him. . Third, when the present crop of systematists passes on as they inevitably must, there are in many instances no younger understudies who can step into their places. A crying need of the hour then, it seems to me, is a realization that the dearth of taxonomists is seriously handicapping and retard- ing the progress of the science as a whole and will continue to do so to an increasing extent unless steps are taken to make up the deficiency. It will not be amiss to point out that in the meantime it is possible to afford some partial relief. Many times the motive which prompts a field worker to send specimens to a specialist for determination is idle curiosity. Idle curiosity is com- mendable enough so long as it does not impose a hardship upon some one else. In fact much of the progress of the world was no doubt brought about through idle curiosity. But if the afore- said field worker will simply pause long enough to consider whether or not the determination of certain specimens is of any importance to him, whether he actually needs a name for them or not, many times he will decide that a name is not necessary and will send them to the specialist with the stipulation that they are for the collection and not for immediate determination. By such a method material would be accumulated which would be invaluable in case revision of a particular group were under- taken, while the specialist would be relieved, in part at least, of 78 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 the bugbear of miscellaneous determination and description and could devote more time to the revisionary work which is so. necessary. Another way in which the field workers and students could aid the specialist materially is by seeing that their specimens are properly mounted and labelled. There are few things which ruffle a systematist’s nerves more than to havea lot of improperly mounted, broken or dirty specimens, or specimens unaccom- panied by requisite data handed to him for definite determina- tion. Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell in an unpublished letter once estimated that on the average it took the specialist at least four times as long to name a specimen as it did for the collector to collect it. This estimate is probably much too small when applied to some of the less well known groups. If the specialist was only familiar enough with his group to be able to name on sight anything which came into his hands, the problem would be simple enough. But unfortunately this is seldom the case. The genera and species are far too numerous for one mind to retain them all. The published classifications are in many cases several years out of date and consequently do not include many of the new genera and species.. The determination of a single specimen therefore is often a matter of hours or even days of searching through literature before the particular description covering the specimen at hand is found, or before the possibility of a published description is eliminated and one can proceed to describe it. In view of these facts the systematist should not be too severely criticised if-sometimes the determination of a given specimen is not returned as promptly as anticipated. Neither should he be considered a crank and a crab if he some- times grumbles at receiving a consignment of specimens so mounted as to be unfit for examination, or as frequently hap- pens, a lot which he must himself mount before he can study. Conclusion. In conclusion I wish to quote once more from the address of Prof. Pearl as follows: “‘It is the systematist who has furnished the bricks with which the whole structure of biological knowledge has been reared. Without his labors the fact of organic evolu- tion could scarcely have been perceived and it is he who to-day really sets the basic problems for the geneticist and the student of experimental evolution.” If I, in this address, have to some slight degree succeeded in impressing my hearers with the truth of these words of Prof. Pearl as applied to the science of ento- mology, and if at the same time I have given the economic workers among you some slight insight into the difficulties which surround the work of a present-day systematist, I have suc- ceeded beyond my expectations and am satisfied. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 79 THE EUROPEAN AMALUS HAEMORRHOUWS HBST. IN THE UNITED STATES (CURCULIONIDAE). By L. L. Bucuanan, U. S. Biological Survey. A specimen of this Ceutorhynch, taken near Syracuse, N. Y., by Mr. M. H. Hatch, was recently sent me by the collector. Amalus haemorrhous is recorded by several European writers as occurring on Calluna vulgaris (heather), and as this plant is naturalized in the coastal region from Newfoundland to Rhode Island, it isnot unlikely that the weevil may become established over the same area. The following brief description should make its recognition easy: A small, oblong, robust weevil, upper surface black, the elytra sometimes reddish. Beak as long as head and thorax, rather stout, weakly curved. Thorax without tuberosities or ocular lobes, anterior margin not reflexed, no sign of a prosternal sulcus. Fore coxae very narrowly separated. Antennae and legs red, femora unarmed, 3d tarsal joint bilobed, claws with a minute basal tooth. Funicle 6-jointed. Elytra with a scutellar spot of white, oval scales, and another similar spot along suture at apex, rest of surface with rows of very fine hairs. Underside with relatively large white scales, which are mostly slightly separated. Length, 1.7 mm. Among our genera 4ma/us will fall in the group Phytodbii. Its most noteworthy diagnostic features are the red legs and antennae, approximate front coxae, lack of thoracic tubercles, ocular lobes and sternal groove, and 6-jointed funicle. THE HOST PLANT AND HABITS OF ACANTHOSCELIDES GRIS- EOLUS (FALL) (COLEOPT.). By J. C. BripweLi Among the plants producing a fiber of minor value are some of the species of the leguminous genus Sesban or Sesbania of which a species known as 8S. sesban or S. macrocarpa is generally distributed in Florida and Texas and in Arizona and Cali- fornia in the Colorado River valley, in Mexico from Baja, Cali- fornia, and Sonora to Guerrero and Vera Cruz and in Central America, and has become established in the Hawatian Islands. The seeds contain an oil which may ultimately prove commer- cially useful. The writer has already recorded! finding the seeds of this plant attacked in Hawai by Bruchus pruininus Horn, an American species of general feeding habits native to Texas, Mexico and the other States on the Mexican border. In his field work on the natural enemies of the Bruchidae this plant was examined for Bruchidae at New Orleans and near San Antonio, and ‘Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. 3:469, 1918. 80 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 3, MAR., 1923 Brownsville, Texas, without finding infestation by this species or any other. It has, however, been known for some time that this plant was infested in the Colorado Valley by a Bruchid. There is in Dr. Chittenden’s material of Bruchidae a considerable series of a Bruchid which I have determined as Acanthoscelides griseolus (Fall), and I have determined other material in the collection of Dr. E. C. VanDyke and in the National Museum as this species, all of it from the lower Colorado River Valley. Through the kindness of Mr. Roland McKee of the Bureau of Plant In- dustry I have been able to examine a lot of seeds of Sesban sesban from Bard, California, near Yuma, and from this material the following notes have been mainly drawn. The sesban is a tall shrub with drooping branches dying back to the ground in the winter in this country but persisting and becoming a small tree in the tropics and the long and slender pods are pendant on the branches six inches or more in length and remain attached until they have split open. Dehiscence is gradual and for a long time the seeds remain in the pod and the adult females have abundant opportunity to oviposit among them, the long ovipositor permitting them to be placed within the pod through the narrow opening if the adult is not able to enter. In the material at hand none of the pods are present and it is not possible to be sure if the eggs are ever laid upon the pod but the eggs present in the material are nearly or quite without cement material and seem but lightly, if at all, attached to the seeds, so that it is likely that they are usually laid within the pod in concealment. They are elongate elliptical in outline and apparently a little less than twice as long as broad. The egg shell is thin and delicate. The seeds are sub-cylindrical truncate at the ends, about 4mm. long by 2 mm. wide and each serves to nourish a single larva, the entire contents of the seed being destroyed in its develop- ment. The material examined has more than fifty per cent of it been destroyed by the weevils and doubtless the rest would have been eaten if it had not been fumigated. This species is unknown from any other locality besides the Colorado Valley where it is exposed to very high degrees of heat and dryness. The material has been parasitized by some Chalcidoid parasite or parasites but no material was found in condition for deter- mination. The host plant is not at present of any economic importance but Acanthoscelides griseolus would likely become a serious pest if the oil of the seeds should ever warrant its cultivation. No other host plants are known for this species. Actual date of publication, March 31, 1923. EDITORIAL. In America, entomology as a science and a profession has grown up around the classificatioh of insects. To-day, most entomologists who have opportunities for research, devote a portion of their time to taxonomic studies; the entomological departments of most American Universities strongly emphasize taxonomy, and the young student, by training and example, is generally inclined to choose some field in the systematic study of insects if he desires to do research work at all. A relatively smaller number of entomologists devote their attention to anat- omy or histology, habits, ecology and allied subjects. A very few indeed have interested themselves in the function of the insects they have observed and collected, namely in insect physiology. Yet physiology occupies a very important position with respect to the other divisions of the science. The true meaning of external structures and internal organs is only properly under- stood when their function is known. A knowledge of function will assist in the phylogenetic interpretation of structures in the various insect groups and between insects and other animals. Much of ecology is, in reality, physiology from a special view- point. Research on insecticides involves, or should involve an understanding of respiration, nutrition and the responses to environmental factors. These are but a few of the many important relations of physiology to every phase of entomology. The neglect of physiology by the entomologist is apparently due, in part, to an imperfect knowledge of the subject. This he. owes to the fact that physiology finds very little expression in the entomological curriculum of American universities. Al- though there is a considerable literature, widely scattered and in many languages, the student is seldom introduced to it; the physiological instruction he receives is usually presented in connection with anatomy. Clearly, the remedy lies with the university. An adequate course of instruction would be, like all progressive courses, the result of growth. The laboratory instruction, especially, would have to be built up over a period of years. And much research would be necessary to fill the gaps in present knowledge. How- ever, there should be no insurmountable difficulties from the pedagogical standpoint. Modern biology emphasizes the organism as a dynamic, liv- ing thing. The future will doubtless offer other conceptions, other allurements. It is the insect as a “going concern” which the entomologist is called upon to study and control. A better understanding of physiology will assist him in his efforts. —Charles H. Richardson. NOTES AND NEWS ITEMS. Malay Poisons and Charm Cures by Dr. John D. Gimlett, Pp. 260 (J. and A. Churchill, London). While the average entomologist may not read much of bomors, or their practices, the new edition of Dr. Gimlett’s book, like the earlier one, should be of especial interest to the economic man. We donot mean to imply that the economic entomologist is a dealer in magic but that most of the book is given to a care- ful survey of Malay poisons. These are very many and very potent. The twenty or so animal ones are derived from fish, insects and reptiles. The principle insect is the Dendang and it is used as a native medicine as well as a poison. Divided into seven equal parts and one piece taken each day it is supposed to cure gonnorrhoea and amenorrhoea. The vegetable poisons form many of those used on arrows. Some of these are very powerful. It appears that a favorite method of poisoning one’s guests is by the use of potassium cyanide (rachun besar) and water- melons. The antidote is very simple. It consists of the helmet of a hornbill, the tusk of an elephant and the bones of a dugong all rubbed together with the root of the white flowered variety of the shoe flower. The vampire-cricket, “begotten of the afterbirth,” seems to stand for some peculiar spirit of the lying-in-room. —A. C. Baker. All short notes or communications presented at any of the meetings of the Society and intended for publication, or to serve as a record in the Society’s minutes, should be sent to the Recording Secretary within ten days after the meeting. When practicable these should be typewritten and sent in duplicate. When contributors fail to submit a written record of their remarks it will be assumed that they do not wish to have their notes published or made a part of the records of the Society. —C. Ti Gaerne: Lal VOL. 25 APR., 1923 No. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON CONTENTS ALDRICH, J. M.—A NEW PARASITIC FLY BRED FROM THE BEAN BEETLE . GREENE, CHARLES T.—A CONTRIBUTION TO THE BIOLOGY OF N. A. DIPTERA . MCATEE, W. L.—DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA DIPTERA: BIBIONIDAE . ROHWER, S. A..-NEW ACULEATE HYMENOPTERA FROM THE UNITED STATES . SHANNON, R. C——REARING DIPTEROUS LARVAE ON NUTRIENT AGAR . SNYDER, THOS. E.—A NEW GLYPTOTERMES FROM PORTO RICO. CORRECTIONS PusiisHeD Montuiy Excerpt Jury, Aucust AND SEPTEMBER BY THE - a ; 31 Vals Mle ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF W3SHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEPNP / a \ WASHINGTON, D. oh ay \. 4 Iv ; fi a “2 tlonm), Mn 95 82 81 96 103 89 104 Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON ' The regular meetings of the Society are held on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 p. M. 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Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. Terms of subscription: Domestic, $4.00 per annum; foreign, $4.25 per annum; recent single numbers, 50 cents, foreign postage extra. All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the Proceepings will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies DDS 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL Society oF WASHINGTON VOL. 25 AP RIT. 31923 No. 4 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA DIPTERA: BIBIONIDAE. By W. L. McATEE. The Bibionidae are small to medium-sized chiefly black flies of vacillating flight. They occur only in spring and fall, sometimes very early or very late; the species usually are numerous in individuals. No keys are included in this paper since my “Notes on Nearctic Bibionid Flies”! contains a synopsis of all the genera and species. The number (9) of species listed is one less than recorded in the list of New Jersey diptera. (Ann. Rep. N. J. State Mus. 1909, pp. 734-5.) All of the species have been collected on Plummers Island, Md., home of the Washing- ton Biologists’ Field Club. Dilophus spinipes Say has been collected at Potomac Run, Va., and to the westward of our region, hence should sometimes be collected here. It would seem reasonable to expect here also Dilophus breviceps Loew, Bibio basalis Loew and B. rufithorax Wiedemann. Annotated List of Species. Genus Plecia Wiedemann. Plecia heteroptera Say.—Generally distributed and not rare in its season which as at present known extends from Sept. 23 to Nov. 11. Genus Bibio Geoffroy. Bibio abbreviatus Loew.—A common spring fly that has been collected throughout the region at dates ranging from April 15 to May 10; is known to be attracted to light, and has been taken on the flowers of Brassica campestris. Bibio albipennis Say.—Sometimes very abundant; has been collected from May 4 to June 9; however there is only one June record, the latest previous date being May 23; taken on flowers of Ranunculus bulbosus. Bibio femoratus Wiedemann.—The largest local. species of the genus; generally distributed and on the wing from April 18 to May 7; in copula, April 22 and May 2; comes to light. Bibio fraternus Loew.—Very common; has been collected from April 20 to May 10; in copula April 28; is attracted to light. Bibio longipes Loew.—A common fall species; dates of collec- tion run from Sept. 9 to Nov. 21. 1Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 60, 1921, pp. 1-27. 82 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 Bibio slossonae Cockerell—Plummers Island, Md., Nov. 18, 1906, Nov. 17, 1907 (McAtee); there is good reason for believing that this form is a northern subspecies of the preceding, and that the specimens here recorded are merely the intergrades that would be expected in a locality where the fauna derives numer- ous species from the mountain (equivalent faunistically to a northern) region. Genus Dilophus Meigen. Dilophus obesulus Loew.—All specimens are from the vicinity of Plummers Island or from farther up the Potomac River; they were collected from May 4 to 26; and on one occasion each at light, and on flowers of Opulaster opulifolius. Dilophus serotinus Loew.—Sometimes abundant; the known season extends from Sept. 28 to Nov. 18; in copula Oct. 19, and 30. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE BIOLOGY OF N. A. DIPTERA. By Cuartes T. Greene, Bureau of Entomology. The immature stages of the Diptera discussed in this paper were reared by the writer at the Eastern Field Station, Falls Church, Va. The material was collected by the writer, except where noted. These descriptions of the immature stages are new to science. Xylota pigra was described briefly but no figures given. There were so many good characters on the pupa I thought it worth while describing in detail. All the species treated in this paper pupate in the last larval skin. The writer has made a distinction between the two pairs of anterior spiracles of the pupa. The small ones located close to the apex are called “anterior spiracles.” They are present in the full grown larva and the pupa. A short distance in back of this pair, on the dorsum, is a larger pair which appears only in the pupa and this pair I have called “antero-dorsal spiracles.” Microdon coarctatus Loew. (Plate 6, figs. la-b) Larva small, dull, smooth, opaque, milky-white; about one and one-half times longer than wide; height is about three-fourths the width; on the ventral surface, near the lateral edge, but not visible from above, is a row of fine, soft, delicate hairs which entirely encircle the ventral surface. Around the edge near the base are located thirty small cone-like projections arranged in pairs; on the dorsum are numerous others of these same cone-like projections; these cone-like projec- tions are located on a small, short stem with a diameter about equal to the © length; the cone portion has the diameter at the base about or nearly equal to the height and the color is yellowish-brown. These cones are very easily knocked off but there is always a definite scar at the point of attachment. Posterior PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 83 spiracles are located at the apex of a large cone which is located well above where the side and ventral surface meet; this cone is of a medium dark, brownish- yellow, somewhat chitinized and pointing slightly oblique from the ventral surface. Where this cone attaches to the larva is a circular base, chitinous, brownish-yellow, tapering towards the apex and at the apex is a narrow con- stricted space and then the cone; the diameter at the base is about equal to the height. The spiracles (fig. b. right half) cover the’entire apex of the cone; spiracles may be divided into half, each half has a round button with eight straight slips radiating from this button. For details see drawing. Length 5 mm., width 3 mm., height 2.5 mm. Pupa the same as the larva with the following differences: pale luteous yellow. A pair of anterior spiracles (fig. la) developed just above the lateral edge; spiracles are widely separated, the space equal to twice the length of one spiracle; they are reddish in color; the surface at the base has a microscopical checkered appearance; apical half has numerous, small, round tubercles scattered over the surface. For details see drawing. Larva and Pupa with small black ants (Wonomorium minutum Buckley) under bark and in decayed sapwood of a log of chest- nut-oak. Collected at Difficult Run, (Arlington County), Virginia, July 4, 1916, T. E. Snyder, collector. Hopkins U. S. No. 12994a. Twelve adults emerged from July 10-12, 1916. Note. The drawing is that of the /arva. The pupa is the same in appearance with the addition of anterior spiracles which are located in their natural position on the pupa with dotted lines. The details are shown in fig. 1. Collected at Palm Grove, Texas. One adult emerged June 4, 1917, Hopkins No. 15120a. Xylota pigra Fabricius. (Plate 6, figs. 2c-f) Pupa.—Large, nearly cylindrical, dull, light brownish yellow; larger towards the anterior end; entire surface covered with a fine, short pubescence; surface with numerous, narrow, transverse wrinkles; there are numerous hair-like appendages along the lateral edges and on the dorsum; each appendage is com- posed of three hair-like filaments; at the extreme apex, on the under, lateral edge is a group of short, reddish spines; on each side of the apex, widely sepa- rated, is a dark reddish chitinous plate, which is somewhat rounded in outline; each plate has two large dark red, horn-like prongs (fig. 2c); the inner one is turned slightly upward; the other one is much larger and points outward. Anterior spiracles (fig. 2d) are cylindrical, tuberculate with their height about equal to the diameter; they are deep yellowish in color; the outside is cut off obliquely; this oblique surface is flat, shining and with the inner edges dark brownish; the central area is elliptical, pale yellow, which color reaches the outer edge; the upper or inner edge of this yellow area radiates into nine long 84 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 points or rays; about the apical fourth or fifth, on the dorsum, are located a pair of spiracles of deep luteous yellow (fig. 2e); they are separated by a distance equal to twice the length of one spiracle; each spiracle is nearly cylindrical; basal half is coarsely granular; upper half has numerous prominent tubercles which are somewhat arranged in pairs. On each side of the caudal end are three cylindrical, pointed appendages with numerous hair-like filaments; each appen- dage is about three times as long as its basal diameter. At the center of caudal end is an elliptical semi-transparent, reddish-brown, chitinous, shining, tail-like projection; variable in length because it is partly retractile; nearly the basal half is smooth; apical end is roughly granular; apical surface is flat, resembling the figure 8; dark brown to blackish along the edges; inner surface more reddish ~ brown; each half (fig. f) has four sinuous slits which have numerous small branches on each side; also a button which has two, small, dark areas or faint depressions. Length 7 mm.; diameter 3 mm. at apical fourth; tail 1 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. Hopkins U. S. No. 11907 a. Collected at Larkspur, Colorado by A. B. Champlain. Under bark of Pinus ponderosa. Adults emerged from the Pupa February 9 to March 5, 1914. Under Hopkins U. S. No. 12932 there were 12 larvae of this species from the same locality collected August 21, 1914. On September 22, 1914, 12 adults emerged. Chrysotoxum pubescens Loew. (Plate 6, figs. 3k-l. Pupa only drawn.) Larva opaque white, segmentation irregular, with numerous transverse wrinkles; cephalic end tapers very slightly; mouth parts retractile; posterior spiracles in the center of the caudal end which projects .5 mm.; this projection is heavily chitinized, very dark reddish, nearly black; with a longitundinal groove in the middle of the dorsal and ventral surfaces. Venter has seven pairs of ampullae which are evenly spaced. Larva at rest is 11 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, nearly cylindrical. Found under a stone in a moist place. A. B. Champlain, collector. Larva pupated May 3, 1917. Later on the same date the puparium was a pale, dull yellowish white. May 28, 1917, an adult male emerged. Hopkins U. S. No. 14803. Pupa pale, dull, luteous yelow with the surface microscopically transversely rugose; the puparium is cylindrical, rather blunt on cephalic end, gradually tapering down to the caudal end which is transversely rugose (remains of the larval segmentation and partly caused by shrinkage fig. k); venter faintly trans- versely, concave in the center. No anterior spiracles. Posterior spiracles pro- ject slightly, the width is equal to the length and the height about half the width; color is dark brown, sub-shining; above and below is a faint groove PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 85 dividing this projection longitudinally in half; on the apex are located the spiracular slits; each half has the following: (right half drawn fig. 1) at the upper inner corner is an elevation with a circular depression in the center which appears like a tube: radiating from this depression are three rounded, sinuous, shining black ridges with a yellowish slit on the dorsum; the lower inner slit is perpendicular; between the ridges is a raised, finely granular surface with the inner end pointed. Anal opening small, transverse with a narrow area reddish brown. Length 8 mm.; diameter 4 mm.; tail .75 mm. long. Brachypalpus rileyi Williston. (Plate 6, figs. 4g—}) Larva medium size, robust, nearly cylindrical, with the sides about parallel, dull, light brownish yellow; broad transverse wrinkles; entire surface of larva closely beset with short, fine pubescence; first segment nearly as long as broad; on apical edge are numerous short, robust spines; on each lateral edge are two faintly rounded elevations; each of the transverse segmental wrinkles are some- what rounded on the lateral edge; there are numerous, small, tufts of hairs or hair-like projections arranged in longitudinal rows on the dorsum and the lateral edges; last three segments terminate laterally into a long conical projection, each with numerous dark brown spines; these projections increase in size towards the caudal end; the posterior projection is about two and one half times longer than the anterior one. Length 9 mm.; diameter 3.5 mm.; posterior spiracles project 1 mm. For other details see description of pupa. Two larvae collected at Glen Echo, Maryland, October 23, 1921, J. C. Bridwell, collector. Larvae under bark of hickory. Pupa not so rugose as the larva; dull, dark reddish-brown with entire surface covered with a short microscopic pubescence and very narrow transverse rugosities; at the apex, on the lateral edge, are two small, nearly circular, reddish, chitinous plates (fig. h) each bearing two prongs; the inner one pointing up and back towards the dorsum and the other pointing out and backward; these plates are widely separated; just above these are the anterior spiracles (fig. g) which are elliptical, deep reddish, about as long as greatest diameter; at the apex they are cut off obliquely towards the outside; this surface is smooth, dark along the edge, with a lighter, yellowish area in the center reaching to the outer edge; this light area has seven finger-like areas radiating toward the inner edge; back of the anterior spiracles is another pair of spiracles (fig. i) which are widely separated, the space is about two and one-half times the diameter of one spiracle at the base; these spiracles are reddish-black, cone-shaped, leaning slightly out- ward and backward; their height is only slightly more than the diameter at the base; there are numerous tubercles on the surface; each tubercle is nearly round with a faint depression in the center; around the base of the spiracles the surface is faintly raised and forms like a blackish ring. Posterior spiracles are heavily chitinized, deep reddish-yellow; the base is slightly larger in diameter for a 86 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 distance equal tombout half the diameter; the remainder is slightly smaller in diameter and about one and one-half times longer than broad; along the center is a vertical groove reaching to the apex; apex shining, brownish-black; in outline crudely shaped like the figure 8; on each half near the inner edge is a large circu- lar depression which has a depression in the middle; on the outer edge are two small tubercles, the lower one is about on the horizontal center line; each half (fig. j) has four reddish-yellow sinuous slits. Length 9 mm., diameter 4.25 mm. Posterior spiracles project 1 mm. Hopkins No. 12980. Two pupae collected at Dead Run, Arlington County, Vir- ginia, March 24, 1916, C.T. Greene collector. March 26, 1916, two adults emerged. Pupae were found in a crevice of a cedar stump. Xylota bicolor Loew. (Plate 7, figs. la—d) Puparium cylindrical, dull, deep luteous yellow with a brownish tinge; surface covered with a microscopical, yellow pubescence; cephalic end has a broad rounded point; the greatest diameter at the apical fourth and from here the body tapers gradually to the caudal end; which is somewhat extended and slightly longer than its diameter; on each side is a short rounded tubercle and above each, at the apical edge is a longer, slender, cylindrical tubercle. Protruding from this extension or tail is a heavily chitinized elliptical, shining rod (which is retractile and therefore varies in length) semi-transparent, pale yellow and broadly reddish-brown at the apex. Posterior spiracles are located on the apex of this rod; the right half is drawn, (fig. 1d) each half contains a round depres- sion and three sinuous slits of a pale yellow color. At the cephalic end are numerous short spines along the edge; back of these spines and slightly above the lateral edge, on each side, is a pair of reddish chitinous hooks fused at their base (fig. a) the larger or inner one curves backward, the outer one curves out and backward. A short distance in back of these hooks, on the dorsum, are located the anterior spiracles (fig. b); these are yellowish-brown, shining, heavily chitinized, elliptical and about as long as the greatest diameter; the upper, outer surface is cut off obliquely; on this oblique surface is a pale yellow area which has six finger-like radiating areas; this yellow area reaches to the outer edge and down along the outside surface of the spiracle. Quite some distance in back of the anterior pair, at about the apical fourth of the puparium and widely sepa- rated is another pair of spiracles which are widely separated at the base; each spiracle (fig. c) is heavily chitinized, three times longer than wide, with a granu- lar surface, shining, reddish-yellow in color; each directed obliquely outward and curved backward; there are numerous, distinct, round tubercles on the upper three-fourths and a long, narrow bare area on the inner front surface. Length 12 mm.; diameter 4 mm. Hopkins No. 12988a. Collected at Falls Church, Va., May 5, 1916, by C. T. Greene. Adult emerged May 17, 1916. PROC: ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 87 Pupae were found in frass in a pocket of an old tree of Lirio- dendron tulipifera. Criorhina pictipes Bigot. (Plate 7, figs. 2e-g) Pupa, small, dull, luteous yellow; nearly cylindrical, slightly flattened on ventral surface which is covered with short, fine yellow hairs; on the ventral surface are evenly paired clusters of bristly hairs which are the remains of the larval ampullae; diameter of puparium nearly one-third the length of the body; puparium tapers slightly towards the cephalic end and is somewhat wedge- shaped transversely with the anterior edge faintly indented; along this edge is a row of short hairs; the tail is about two-thirds the length of the body, cylindri- cal, tapering towards the apex which is about one-fourth the diameter of the base. Anterior spiracles short, cylindrical, pale yellowish, microscopically rugose; apex cut off obliquely towards the outside and nearly semi-circular in shape; this upper surface is smooth, shining, with the central area lighter in color and indented along the edge (fig. e). At about the apical fourth, on the dorsum, is located a pair of spiracles (fig. f) widely separated, the distance between them is about two and one-half times the length of one spiracle; these spiracles are of a more golden yellow than the puparium, directed slightly back- ward and outward and have numerous small, rounded tubercles distributed on the entire surface. The tip of the tail is somewhat rectangular in shape with the spiracular tube slightly protruding and rectangular in form (fig. g); this inner tube is yellowish- white in color, semi-transparent with a thin wall, perpendicular in the center. Length 7 mm., diameter 2.75 mm.; tail 3.5 mm. long; 5 mm. diameter at base. One adult female emerged April 22, 1919. Pupa collected in frass in a dead tulip stump at Falls Church, Dieeeprt 1951919.C 2 I Greene, collector. Myiolepta nigra Loew. (Plate 7, figs. 3, k). Puparium.—Medium size, dull, brownish-yellow; covered with short pale yellow hairs; puparium nearly cylindrical, slightly flattened on the ventral surface; greatest diameter at about the apical fourth, tapering gradually towards the caudal end, terminating into a small tail-like projection which is only slightly longer than wide; from this projection is extended a very slender, heavily chitin- ized, dark reddish, semi-transparent, elliptical rod. This rod is variable in length because it is retractile. At the apex are located the posterior spiracles (fig. k); the central area is light yellowish and very faintly depressed with two elliptical areas which are slightly oblique to each other; these areas are outlined with microscopical bead-like markings; the outer edge is a dark reddish-brown with a black winding line on the surface which has the appearance of a narrow edge. Length 7 mm.; diameter 3.5 mm.; tail ] mm. long; width 1 mm. Hopkins Nos. 129777 and 12988. 88 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 Puparium found in ahole ina tulip tree Liriodendron tulipifera. Two adults emerged May 11-22, 1916. C.T. Greene, collector, Blera (Criorhina) umbratilis Williston. (Plate 7—figs. 4h-}). Puparium.—Medium sized, cylindrical, dull, luteous yellow, microscopically pubescent and with a tail about half the length the body. Cephalic end tapers to a broad rounded point with a short row of short hairs on the edge; greatest diameter at apical third; the diameter gradually diminishing towards the caudal end; tail is four or five times longer than basal diameter; apical diameter is about half that of the base. Posterior spiracles are located on the apex of a heavily chitinized, dark brown to black, hollow rod which contains the trachae; this rod is retractile; the left half of the apex of this is drawn (fig. j), the dark edge is nearly black and shining; the light portion is pale luteous yellow with two large, pointed lobes and two rounded lobes, the larger one at the top. Anterior spiracles (fig. h) close to the apex, widely separated by a broad, low ridge taper- ing towards the apex; each spiracle is nearly cylindrical, dark reddish, chitinized and cut off obliquely towards the outside; this oblique surface is elliptical in form, smooth, sub-shining with a pale yellowish area in the middle; this yellow area has one broad projection below to the left, and eight, narrow, finger-like projections above; around the base of these spiracles is an area with a granular surface. Further back, near the greatest diameter is another pair of spiracles (fig. i) separated by a space equal to the length of one spiracle; they are directed outward and curved backward; each has a slightly darkened area around the base; each spiracle is pale, luteous yellow, with four transverse rows of paired tubercles widely separated on the inner front surface; apex with numerous rounded tubercles; at the base of these spiracles are numerous short hairs which are easily broken off. Length 7 mm.; diameter 3.75 mm.; tail 2.25 mm. long, .5 mm. diameter at - base. Two pupae collected at Great Falls, Va., April 21, 1916, in moist frass in a hole in an old Sycamore tree. C. T. Greene, collector. Hopkins No. 12984. Adults emerged May 3, 1916. ExpLANATION OF PLATES. Plate 6. Fig. 1—Microdon coarctatus Loew. Larva, dorsal view. Pupa, same with the addition of fig. a. a—Anterior spiracle of pupa. Lateral view. b—Posterior spiracle. Right half drawn. Fig. 2—Xy/ota pigra Fabricius. Pupa dorsal view. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 89 c—Cephalic horns. d—Anterior spiracle of larva and pupa. e—Antero-dorsal spiracles of pupa. Lateral view. f—Posterior spiracle. Right half drawn. Fig. 3—Chrysotoxum pubescens Loew. Pupa, lateral view. k—Posterior end. Dorsal view. l—Posterior spiracle. Right half drawn. Fig. 4—Brachypalpus rileyi Williston. Pupa dorsal view. g—Anterior spiracle of larva and pupa. h—Cephalic horns. i—Antero-dorsal spiracles of pupa. Lateral view. j—Posterior spiracle. Right half drawn. Plate 7. Fig. 1—Xy/ota bicolor Loew. Pupa, dorsal view. a—Cephalic horns. b—Anterior spiracle of larva and pupa. c—Antero-dorsal spiracle of pupa. Lateral view. d—Posterior spiracle. Right half drawn. Fig. 2—Criorhina pictipes Bigot. Pupa, dorsal view. e—Anterior spiracles of larva and pupa. f—Antero-dorsal spiracles of pupa. Lateral view. g—Posterior spiracles. Fig. 3—Myiolepta nigra Loew. Pupa, dorsal view. k—Posterior spiracles. Fig. 4—Blera (Criorhina) umbratilis Williston. Pupa, dorsal view. h—Anterior-spiracles of larva and pupa. i—Antero-dorsal spiracles of pupa. j—Posterior spiracles. Left half drawn. A NEW GLYPTOTERMES FROM PORTO RICO. By Tuos. E. Snyper, U. S. Bureau of Entomology. Only eight species of the genus G/ypfotermes are known from America, although its contained species are widely distributed throughout the world. Two species are known from the Antilles, namely, G. pubescens Snyder and this new species G. corniceps Snyder—both from Porto Rico. PLATE 6 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25 GREENE—BIOLOGY OF N. A. DIPTERA. PLATE 7 PROC. ENT: SOC. WASH., VOL. 25 —BIOLOGY OF N. A. DIPTERA: REENE G 92 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 In habits they are similar to species of Cryptotermes Banks, living in dry, hard, solid wood. These termites might easily be imported through commerce (in furniture, etc.) and might prove very destructive. They probably could survive in the Southern States. Their presence in wood may be detected by small round holes and small impressed pellets of excreta which drop from the wood. Glyptotermes corniceps, new species. Detilated adult-—Head yellow-brown (light castaneous-brown) lighter towards posterior margin, where rounded, slightly longer than broad, on anterior slope, V-shaped, white markings originating from a fairly large, oblong frontal gland depression, which has its base on a line with the center of the ocelli; with scat- tered, long hairs. Labrum yellow-brown, broader than long, broadly rounded at apex, with long hairs. Eyes black, not round, large, close to lateral margin of head. Ocelli large, oblong, placed obliquely but close to compound eyes. Antennae light yellow-brown, 9 segments (broken), pubescent; third segment slightly darker colored, subclavate, longer than second or fourth segments; fourth to seventh small, ring-like to wedge-shaped; from seventh on, segments longer and broader. Palpi light yellow-brown, terminal segments conical, middle segments broad, pubescent. Pronotum light yellow-brown, darker on margins, margins emarginate—only slightly anteriorly, not twice as broad as long, sides nearly parallel, rounded near posterior, with long hairs. Legs with femora white and swollen, tibiae and tarsi yellow-brown, slender, pubescent. Abdomen light yellow-brown, densely pubescent—hairs fairly long. Measurements: Length of entire deiilated adult: 4.70-5.00 mm. Length of head (to tip labrum): 1.30 mm. Length of pronotum: 0.80 mm. Length of wing scale: 0.90 mm. Length of hind tibia: 0.95-1.00 mm. Diameter of eye (long diam.): 0.31 mm. Width of head: 1.10 mm. Width of pronotum: 1.10 mm. Soldier.—(Plate 8, figs. 1-3). Head light yellow-brown, darker (light castane- ous-brown) anteriorly, slightly concave in profile and with sides slightly convex, rounded posteriorly; depression at anterior slope (epicranial suture) which is out- lined by a slightly raised rim; one short, slender, castaneous-brown knob or for- ward-pointing lateral process between antennal socket and maxillary palpus; faint oblong eye spot parallel to rim of antennal socket; head with scattered, fairly long hairs. v Labrum light yellow-brown, broader than long; broadly rounded at apex where there are long hairs. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 93 Gula fairly broad, width at middle more than half the width at front. Mandibles reddish-brown to piceous—lighter colored near base; elongate, fairly straight, incurved at tips, slightly curved upwards; marginal teeth promi- nent near tip of left mandible. Antennae light yellow-brown, 11-12 segments, pubescent; third segment sub- clavate, slightly longer than second or fourth; from fifth segment on segments longer and broader; last segment short and suboval. Maxillary palpi with the terminal segment slender, elongate (longer and more slender than the two adjacent segments), with apex obliquely truncate, pubes- cent. Pronotum white with tinge of yellow, darker colored at anterior margin, where deeply but roundly emarginate, somewhat semicircular, posteriorly emarginate. Legs with femora white and slightly swollen, tibiae and tarsi yellowish and slender, pubescent. Abdomen dirty white with tinge of yellow, with dense, fairly long hairs. Measurements: Length of entire soldier: 3.7-3.8 mm. Length of head with mandibles: 2.20-2.45 mm. Length of head without mandibles (to anterior): 1.45-1.50 mm. Length of left mandible: 1.00 mm. Length of pronotum: 0.50-0.65 mm. Length of hind tibia: 0.70-0.75 mm. Width of head: 1.05-1.15 mm. Width of pronotum: 0.9-1.05 mm. The specific name is based on the processes on the front of the head of the soldier. ; Type locality—Boqueron-Salinas, Porto Rico. Described from two dealated (* and 2) adults and two sol- diers, collected together with workers at the type locality on February 21, 1923, by G. N. Wolcott, Acc. No. 81-23. Type, male dealated adult—Cat. No. 26199, U. S. N. M. Biological Note. The manner of working in dry hard wood is similar to that of Gly ptotermes pubescens Snyder of Porto Rico. Similar impressed pellets are expelled from tunnels in the infested wood—in this case a dead tree branch. The locality where collected is one of the dryest sections of the island and about one mile away salt was being made by open-air evaporation of the sea-water. Explanation of Plate. Plate 8. Glyptotermes corniceps Snyder. Soldier. Fig. 1. View of mandibles, dorsal. Fig. 2. Three-quarters view of head and pronotum. Fig. 3. Dorsal view of head and pronotum (outline), note anterior knobs. PLATE 8 PROC. EN”. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25 SNYDER—GLYPTOTERMES CORNICEPS. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 95 A NEW PARASITIC FLY BRED FROM THE BEAN BEETLE. By J. M. Atpricu, United States National Museum. The new species of fly herein described was reared in large numbers (some nine hundred) by E. G. Smyth from larvae of the bean beetle, Epilachna corrupta Mauls. in late summer and fall of 1922. The beetle larvae were collected at Coapa, D. F., Mexico. Efforts have been made to introduce the fly into the region of Birmingham, Alabama, where the beetle has been introduced in the course of its recent spread through the Southern States. Paradexodes epilachnae, new species. Male.—Head, thorax, abdomen and legs entirely black in ground color, the halteres and calypters yellow. Eyes bare; front .188 of head width (average of three,—.184, .189, and .191); outer vertical indistinguishable, ocellars present, orbitals absent, frontals in a single row each side, three or four upper ones reclinate, lowest as far down as arista; parafrontals and parafacials narrow, brown near vertex, gradually more cinereous below but not silvery, the para- facials bare; antennae black, third joint slender, hardly three times the second, reaching nearly to the vibrissae, which are at the oral margin and not much approximated; facial ridges with only a few small bristles close to the vibrissae; bucca one-fifth the eye-height; palpi black, ordinary, proboscis small. Thorax with four black stripes anteriorly when viewed from behind, the pos- terior half or more shining black in most lights; three posterior dorsocentrals; sternopleurals two anterior, one posterior; anterior acrostichals three pairs, the hindmost close to suture; scutellum with a pair of long divergent apicals directed backward and two lateral pairs, with a small subdiscal pair near tip. Abdomen conical and rather slender, with well-developed discals on segments ~ two, three and four; median marginals also on the first; shining black in most lights except on the bases of the segments, but in other lights a thin white pruinosity extends broadly along the sides. Genital segments small, black, the second with numerous hairs directed backward; outer forceps brown, broad, curved toward tip, as long as the inner, which are black, slender, nearly straight and close together; penis short and blunt; claspers minute; fifth sternite deeply cleft, without special modifications. Legs black, all claws and pulvilli moderately elongated; middle tibia with a bristle on outer front side, hind tibia on outer hind side with a few irregular and one long at middle, another of same length on inner hind side at middle. Wing a little elongate, slightly infuscated toward costa; fourth vein curving obliquely and ending a little before the apex of the wing, the distance from the tip of the vein to the apex being slightly greater than the length of the anterior crossvein; third vein with two or three hairs at base. Female.—F¥ront .253 of head width (average of three,—.250, .256, and .257); the usual orbitals present; third antennal joint as in male; abdomen and wings somewhat shorter and broader; tip of abdomen with a short, blunt point protrud- ing, about as in Phorocera claripennis Mcq. Calypters white. Length of male, 5.5 to 6 mm.; of female, 5 to 5.5 mm. 96 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 Described from many specimens of both sexes, Coapa, Mexico, bred as above indicated. Type.—Male, Cat. No. 26097, U.S. N. M. It was at first anticipated that this species would be found among those described by Van der Wulp in his large work in Biologia Centrali-Americana. As experience has shown that these species are not recognizable with certainty from the descriptions, specimens were sent to the British Museum, where Van der Wulp’s types are deposited; and Major E. E. ‘Austen very kindly compared them with the types, coming to the con- clusion that our species is different from all of them. I refer the species to the genus Paradexodes after much exam- ination of related forms. The type species of the genus is auri- frons Townsend, both genus and species having been described by him in Smithsonian Miscellaneous Contributions, No. 1803 (Taxonomy of the Muscoidean Flies), p. 101, 1908. The single male specimen there described as aurifrons is in the National Museum, and no additional material has been obtained. Town- - gsend’s later genus Urodexodes from Peru (Proc. U. S. N. M., Vol. 56, p. 572, 1919, type charapensis in the same place) I would consider a synonym, as on comparing the two type specimens |. of the genotype species I see no differences that I can regard as generic; the differences mentioned in the description do not exist, save for a few of trifling importance. Absence of ocellars in Urodexodes is not generic, as other specimens collected at the same time and place and of barely subspecific difference have ocellars. The genus Pri/odegeeria of Brauer and Bergenstamm (Zweifl. Kais. Mus., v, 1891, 373, 375), with type Hypostena obumbrata Van der Wulp, (Biologia, Dipt., 11, 143, 1890), 1s closely related, as shown by specimens of obumbrata from the type lot, which we have received from the British Museum. The latter species however has densely hairy eyes, and the discal bristles are poorly developed. Epilachnae is somewhat more closely related to charapensis than to aurifrons or obumbrata. NEW ACULEATE HYMENOPTERA FROM THE UNITED STATES. | By S. A. Rouwer, U. S. Bureau of Entomology. The species described below have been submitted for identifi- cation and the descriptions are presented at this time so the names will be available. Nysson (Brachystegus) hoplisivora, new species. Because the apical band on first tergite is yellow instead of PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL, 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 97 white, this species runs in Bradley’s key! to opulentus var. basilaris Cresson better than it does to opulentus opulentus although the abdomen is almost completely black. It differs from both the typical form and the variety dasi/aris in the color of the legs, greatly reduced yellow band on the pronotum, the absence of yellow spot on the scutellum, the great reduction in the yellow markings of the abdomen, the more robust and less upturned spine on the propodeum, and the more strongly den- tate anterior angle of the pronotum. WN. tuberculatus of Hand- lirsch which Fox thought to be the same as dasalaris may, according to the description, be distinguished from this new species by the pale marks on the scutellum, more extensive yel- low markings on the abdomen and by the presence of pale marks on the hind tibiae and tarsi. In both Fox’s and Cresson’s keys the species runs to mellipes Cresson, but the color, sculp- ture of the tergites and dentation of the pronotum readily sepa- rate it from Cresson’s species. The punctuation of the head, mesepisternum, sculpture of the propodeum and abdomen readily separate it from the description of the male of sud- mellipes Viereck. Female—Length 7 mm. Clypeus convex, very finely granular and with a few small scattered punctures in addition, the anterior margin rounded; frons with close, small, well defined punctures and in addition with separated, distinct, large punctures; no raised line from anterior ocellus; no tubercule between antennae; between the posterior ocelli there are two shining, elongate, prominent tubercules; vertex and occiput sculptured like the frons except the smaller punctures are more widely separated and the large ones are closer together; antenna stout, third joint one-fifth longer than fourth, terminal joint obtuse and a little shorter than the two proceeding; lateral anterior angles of pronotum with a well defined, broad, acute tooth; scutum bipunctate, the large punctures close and in a few places confluent; scutellum margined laterally, shining, more coarsely punctured than the scutum and with many of the punctures confluent; metanotum medianly with a few large punctures; propodeum subshining with an irregular carina separating the dorsal and posterior surfaces, the dorsal aspect has about ten longitudinal rugae, the median ones being more pronounced; the posterior face irregularly reticulate with an irregularly-shaped transverse area at the top, the lower portion of the posterior aspect with four carinae which diverge dorsally; propodeal spine stout, directed posteriorly; mesepisternum sculptured like the scutum; sides of the propodeum shining, with fine, separated, setigerous punctures; abdomen shining with distinct, well defined punctures which are a trifle larger on the first tergite; second sternite convex, obliquely truncate anteriorly and sculptured like the tergites; pygidium about one-half longer than the posterior width, the surface coarsely, striato-punctate; venation normal. Black; small median spot on the anterior margin of the pronotum, narrowly interrupted band on the first tergite and two small lateral spots on the apical margin of the second tergite yellow; first tergite, except obscure, reddish, 1Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 46, 1920,§p. 122. 98 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 lateral spots and the apical yellow band, black; legs black; anterior femur and tibia beneath obscurely reddish, the intermediate femur apically and entire posterior femur dark rufous; body covered with silvery pile which is denser on the clypeus, face, sides of frons and lateral dorsal aspect of propodeum; wings subhyaline, slightly darker along anterior margin; venation black. In one of the paratypes the anterior femora are almost entirely rufous and the anterior tibiae are rufous at base. T ype-locality —Woodstock, Maryland. Described from three females received from E. G. Reinhard, S. J., collected in the summer of 1922, the type bearing the label ‘“‘Parasite in nest Hoplisus costalis.”’ Type and paratype—Cat. No. 25645, U.S. N. M. One paratype returned to the collector. Didineis stevensi, new species. This new species resembles D. pecularis Fox but can readily be distinguished from Fox’s species by the black head. Female.—Lengtb 7.5mm. Clypeus convex clothed with long hair, the apical margin depressed and with three obtusely rounded teeth; frons coriaceo-reticu- late; vertex and orbits shining, with separate punctures; postocellar line sub- equal with ocellocular line; third antennal joint distinctly shorter than the fourth and fifth; mesoscutum with close, distinct punctures; scutellum shining, more sparsely punctured; dorsal aspect of propodeum with a distinct triangular- shaped area which is coarsely and irregularly wrinkled, the area immediately outside the enclosure with short oblique striae; posterior aspect of propodeum granular and with irregular dorsad-ventrad wrinkles; abdomen shining, the third and following segments finely punctured. Ferruginous; mesosternum, head (except clypeus, mandibles and narrow inner orbits below which are yel- lowish) and apical ten joints of antennae black; rather sparsely clothed with silvery pile, the apical margins of tergites with a silvery hair band, that on the first broadly interrupted; wings subhyaline, the radial, second cubital and apical part of second discoidal cells with a fuscous cloud; venation brown. Ty pe-locality—Sheldon, North Dakota. Described from a single female collected August 10, 1919, by O. A. Stevens and given his number 12289. Named for the collector. Type.—Cat. No. 24613, U. S. N. M. Tachysphex dakotensis, new species. This species seems to be closely allied with 7. sepulcralis Williams but may be distinguished from the description of Williams’ species by the sparsely punctured frons, the punctures of the scutum not being compact, the pygidium not being finely reticulate and the abdomen without distinct fasciae. From T. bruesi Rohwer it may be distinguished by the sparsely punctured frons and scutum and the longer fourth abscissa of the radius. The sparsely punctured vertex and abundant hair PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 99 on the thorax will serve to distinguish it from 7. nigrior Fox. T. punctifrons Fox has darker wings, is larger and has the scutum closely punctured. Female.—Length 8 mm. Clypeus convex, the basal half with distinct rather close punctures the apical half polished, the apical margin rather narrowly depressed, broadly produced medianly, the lateral angles of projection sharp but not dentate, the middle of the projection s/ight/y rounded out; frons with distinct, rather close punctures on a granular surface; vertex shining, with dis- tinct well separated punctures; dorsal interocular space greater than antennal joints three plus four but less than two plus three (ratio: interocular space 10, three plus four 13, two plus three 8.5); mesoscutum shining, with distinct well separated punctures (closer above and behind tegulae); scutellum shining, not impressed; dorsal aspect of propodeum coriaceous, with a few raised lines at base; posterior aspect of propodeum transversely rugose, separated from the dorsal aspect by a more or less distinct carina; mesepisternum with distinct, separated punctures on a granular surface; sides of the propodeum with distinct striae; legs rather feebly spined; longer spur of hind tibia shorter than basi tarsus; fourth abscissa of radius distinctly longer than second which is longer than third; abdomen shining; pygidium more than twice as long as basal width, shining, with a few large punctures. Black; rather densely clothed with silvery hair and pile; abdomen with distinct fasciae of silvery pile; wings hyaline, venation dark brown. Type locality —Gascoyne, North Dakota. Described from a single female collected June 19, 1918, at flowers of Malvastrum coccineum by O. A. Stevens and recorded under his number 11373. Type.—Cat. No. 24557 U.S. N. M. Epicrossocerus raui, new species. Evidently closely allied to (Crabro) Epicrossocerus insolens (Fox) but differs from the original description in having a distinct impressed line from the anterior ocellus. Female.—Length 3 mm. Antenna short, thickening apically, third joint nearly twice as long as the fourth; head shining, under high magnification finely reticulate; a narrow impressed line in front of anterior ocellus; postocellar and ocellocular lines subequal in length; anterior lateral angle of pronotum angulate but not strongly dentate, the carina somewhat emarginate medianly; scutellum and scutum finely, closely punctured; propodeum finely punctate-reticulate, lateral carinae of the posterior face feeble, median depression spear-shaped; mesepistermum and sides of propodeum reticulate; abdomen impunctate, shin- ing; pygidium fully twice as long as basal width, narrowed and channeled apically. Black; mandibles except apices and all tarsi whitish; tibiae brownish, at base and apex; scape beneath yellowish; wings hyaline, venation black. Type-locality.—St. Louis, Missouri. Type.—Cat. No. 24593 U.S. N. M. Described from five females (one type) collected by Phil Rau and under his number 4125. Named for the collector. 100 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 Stigmus fraternus subspecies raui, new subspecies. Closely allied to coloradensis Rohwer but the scutum is entirely smooth and polished (not with indistinct granulations); the recurrent is the length of the first intercubitus or less from the end of the cell; and the second flagellar joint is subequal with the first (not slightly shorter). Ty pe-locality.—St. Louis, Missour1. Type.—Cat. No. 24592 U.S. N. M. Described from six females (one type) and one male (allotype) under Rau number 4052. Material collected May, 1920, by Phil Rau for whom the subspecies 1s named. Nitela virginensis, new species. This species, which is the first from the Nearctic region, differs from the European spinolae Latreille as determined by Lichtenstein in the stronger carina on the anterior margin of the pronotum; the shorter first cubital cell—the first abscissa of the radius is one-third the length of the second (not about one-half); and in the front being shiny and punctate, rather than opaque and coriaceous. Female.—Length 3.5 mm. Clypeus with a distinct median carina; the anterior margin truncate; the surface finely coriaceous; frons subshining, with sparse, fine, setigerous punctures; an indistinct, impressed line from the anterior ocellus between the bases of the antennae; postocellar line twice as long as the interocellar line; antenna stout, the third and fourth joints subequal; the anterior ‘margin of the pronotum sharply carinate, subdentate laterally but the carina narrowly interrupted medianly; mesoscutum finely coriaceous, irregularly wrinkly immediately in front of the scutellum; scutellum subshining with small, separated punctures; dorsal surface of the propodeum coriaceous and with strong, irregular rugae, the two median ones diverging and reaching the posterior aspect; mesepisternum subshining; the episternauli and suture below tegula deeply impressed; sides of the propodeum coriaceous and with irregular wrinkles; posterior face of propodeum transversely rugulose; abdomen shining, impunc- tate; first cubital cell short, not exceeding discoidal cell; first abscissa of brachius obsolete. Black; face with sparse, silvery pubescence; wings hyaline; costa and stigma brown, the rest of the venation testaceous. Ty pe-locality —Chain Bridge, Virginia. Described from a single female collected September 18, 1921, by J. R. Malloch. Type.—Cat. No. 25846, U. S. N. M. Anthophora (Anthemoessa) raui, new species. The following new species is closely allied to soda/is Cresson and I had so determined it for Phil Rau, but on comparison with Cresson’s type it was seen to differ in the characters given in couplet nine of the following key. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 101 Female.—Length 16 mm. Labrum with large, close punctures; clypeus dull and covered with close (sometimes confluent) punctures; eyes separated by a distance subequal to their length; third antennal joint but little shorter than the three following; first recurrent received a short distance beyond middle of second cubital cell; abdomen opaque, finely granular. Black, clothed with long black hair except as follows: area at bases of antennae and the occiput with pale hair intermixed with the black; thorax and propodeum dorsally, upper half of mesep- isternum, first tergite and a median patch on the second tergite with long, dense yellowish-white hair; wings fuliginous, venation black. In the two paratype females the vertex also has pale hair intermixed with the black. Male—Length 12 mm. Labrum with large punctures; scutellum with distinct punctures which are well separated; third antennal joint subequal with the two following; distance between the eyes slightly less than the length of an eye; first recurrent at middle of second cubital; tooth on hind basitarsus large, blunt, slightly before middle; abdomen opaque, finely tessellate; apical plate subsquarely emarginate. Black; labrum except lateral spots, clypeus, line above and triangular spots at sides, spot on scape beneath yellow; head, thorax, first two tergites and anterior legs with dense pale hair, that on the dorsal parts ferruginous the hair becomes paler to venter so that on front legs and sternum it is yellowish-white; hair of hind legs, sternites and tergites beyond the second black; wings fuliginous, venation black. The paratype male differs in having the hair on dorsal parts yellowish instead of ferruginous. Type-locality —St. Louis, Missouri. Described from three (one type) females and one male (allo- type) received from Phil Rau and under his numbers 4161 (type) 4450, 4448 and 4449 (allotype); and from one male from Colorado under Baker No. 1232.. Named for Phil Rau. One female paratype (Rau No. 4448) lacks the abdomen. Type—Cat. No. 25588 U.S. N. M. Key to certain Nearctic species of Anthemoéssa. 1. Scutellum (at least) with black hair. . .. . Lp oe — Scutellum with pale hair; in one case a patch oe Black hair: on scutum bur otherwise hair of thoraxallpale. . .. . ee 2. Abdomen clothed with pale hair which is Shee on Phe fe thee perce. sides of propodeum with pale hair; female. . . . . . solitaria Ritsema. — First two tergites of male and only second of female with pale hair; sides of propodeum with pale hair in male, entirely black in female stanfordiana Cockerell. 3. Hair of abdomen pale; tooth on basitarsus at middle. . . . ......4. — Hair on at least some of the tergites black. . . .. . SREY Gey 4. Length about 10 mm.; hair on abdomen sparse and erect; ha white gohrmanae Cockerell. — Length about 14 mm.; hair on abdomen dense and subappressed; hair PulVOUS:. 23.4 2 . . . . occidentalis Cresson. 5. Hair of abdomen all blacks or pele a few baie hairs on first tergite abrupta Say. 102 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 — At least the first two tergites with palehair. . . . . ied % ngeSeROn 6. First three tergites completely clothed with dense pals aie neomexicana Cockerell, — Hair of third tergite largely or entirely black. . .....2.2.2..../72~ 7.-Scutum witha patchof black hai). 422 sa. a es eee — Scutum entirely covered with pale hair. . . . . 4 SS oe Ea 8. Head above the antennae with black hair; pubeeace oh abdomen yel- lowish) Aenean 4 a . . . . Canadensis Cresson. — Vertex with some pale Rein iubestonee af abdeiiet whitish bomboides Wm. Kirby. 9. Femora with white hair (hind femora with black hair posteriorly); apical sternites with long white hair; emargination of apical plate U-shaped; base of third tergite with fulvoushair. . . . . . . . . sodalis Cresson. — Hair of four hind femora, sternites and tergite beyond the second all black; emargination of apical plate broad and subquadrate raul, new species. Anthophora (Anthemoessa) bomboides (Wm. Kirby). In the above key I have followed Cresson’s interpretation of this species but I am not sure that it is correct. The original description makes no mention of the patch of dark hair on the scutum. It will be necessary to study Kirby’s type and if such a study proves that Cresson’s determination is correct it seems likely that canadensis should be placed as a synonym of bom- boides. The characters used in the above key to distinguish these two forms will undoubtedly be subject to such variation that they can not be used to distinguish even varieties. Megachile cockerelli, new species. This species, which has stood in the Museum Collection for many years, resembles much more closely certain species from Africa than any species from the neotropical or nearctic regions. Female.—Length 20 mm. Robust; abdomen as long as head and thorax parallel-sided; mandibles robust, coarsely striato-punctate (except at the lateral base where they are finely punctate) broad apically and armed with four strong teeth; anterior margin of the clypeus deeply broadly emarginate, lobes of the emargination broad and rounded, medianly the emargination has a small rounded tooth as a projection of the indistinct ridge on the surface of the clypeus; surface of the clypeus convex with rather close well defined punctures; impressed line from anterior ocellus to between the bases of the antennae; front, vertex and posterior orbits shining with separated well defined punctures; inner orbits bounded by a strong carina; third antennal joint slightly longer than the fourth; thorax with close punctures; first recurrent bent at right angles a short distance before it joins the cubitus; third and fourth abscissae of cubitus subequal; first abscissa of radius two-thirds as long as second; legs robust; abdomen shining with sparse setigerous punctures. Black; densely covered with long, ferruginous hair which on the abdomen is closer on the apical margins of the tergites; scopa PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 103 concolorous with the rest of the pubescence; wings deep brown; venation dark brown. Male.—Length 20 mm. Mandibles more elongate than in female and armed apically with three teeth; the distance between the inner and middle tooth much greater than the distance between the outer and inner tooth; anterior margin of the clypeus truncate with a small median tooth formed as a projection of the median ridge; surface of the clypeus with large close punctures; rest of head and thorax as in female; anterior tarsi cylindrical and besides the ordinary pubes- cence, covered exteriorly with a row of long hairs; coxae not spined; venation as in female; apical tergite with a reflex median projection which is deeply emargin- ate; laterally and beneath the apical tergite has two pairs of strong teeth, the median of which is much broader and longer; apical sternite armed with strong median spines. Color as in female. In the series of specimens before me, there is very little varia- tion. The females are almost uniformly the same size as the type; however one of the specimens is only 16 mm. long. In the males the color of the pubescence shows some slight varia- tion, and in some of them it is not so distinctly ferruginous as in others. Ty pe-locality.—Meadow Valley, Mexico. Described from twenty females (one type) and five males (one allotype) collected by C. H. T. Townsend. Type, Allotype and Paratypes.—Cat. No. 14103, U. S. N. M. This species was originally given the manuscript name cockerelli by E. S. G. Titus, and I take great pleasure in using this name and dedicating the species to Professor Cockerell in recognition of his work on bees and his great service to the col- lections of the National Museum. REARING DIPTEROUS LARVAE ON NUTRIENT AGAR. By R. C. SHannon, Bureau of Entomology. In the American Journal Tropical Medicine, Vol. II, 555, 1922, the writer gives an account of an attempt to rear Tabanid larvae on Bacto-Nutrient agar. Although some larvae re- mained alive for a period of over eight months in this medium it was evident that they would not thrive on the 3 per cent beef extract contained in the agar. Experiments were then under- taken to ascertain what concentration of food was necessary to make this medium sufficient for predaceous and carrion feeding larvae. Larvae of Sarcophagidae were chosen for this purpose for several reasons—the abundance of adults facilitated obtain- ing larvae; if successful, the larvae could be easily raised as food for Tabanids and other insects; and the rearing of species of this group would be preparatory to rearing the larvae of such para- sitic forms as Wohlfartia and Chrysomyia when material of these comparatively rare forms (rare in central New York) could 104 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 4, APR., 1923 be obtained. Larvae of Sarcophaga cimbicis Ins. and sarracent- oides Ald. were successfully reared on a medium made up simply of the beef infusion from one pound of hamburger steak and 3 per cent agar and water added to make one liter. A small species of Limosina (Borboridae) gained entrance into some of the Petri dishes and passed two or three generations in the same dish. I am indebted to Dr. R. W. Glaser and Dr. O. A. Johannsen for certain references relating to the rearing of diptera on agar media. Baumberger in an extensive paper, “A Nutritional Study of Insects” (Journ. Experimental Zoology, 1919), has shown in the case of several dipterous larvae, particularly those of Drosophila, that their important food is the yeast cells, and to a less extent molds and bacteria commonly found in decaying fruits, and which grow very luxuriantly on artificial media; it was found that sterile larvae on sterile media did not complete their development. Baumberger is of the opinion that all insect larvae which have hitherto been termed scavengers, coprophages, etc., might well be included under the term mycetophages. It was noted in the writer’s experiments that extensive fungous growths at least did not interfere with the larvae. J. R. Eyre (Ent. News, 215, 1921) relates a method of rearing the onion maggot on onion and cabbage agar. Precautions were taken to render both the larvae and media sterile; however, Eyre does not state that his cultures remained sterile throughout the experiments. Agar has well proven its efficacy as a basis for insect media and its use is bound to become more widespread. Corrections. A rather obvious error occurs in an article by the under- signed in the last number of these Proceedings. On page 60 a new species of Zoraptera is described and in the generic assign- ment the ordinal name Zoraptera is used instead of the generic name Zorotypus. The species should be, of course, Zorotypus mann. —A. N. Caudell. Dr. Thompson has objected to “the variety of generic names”’ appearing in the paper by W. R. and M. C. Thompson (Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 32-41). The editor followed the only copy submitted but the result, in regard to generic names, is notentirelyin accord with Dr. Thompson’s original draft of the manuscript which was revised by specialists in this country. The generic name Masicera should appear throughout the paper and on the legends for the plates instead of the name Ceromasia. Actual date of publication, May 5, 1923. EDITORIAL Entopathology. Diseases are naturally of great moment to man. Not only those which cause his own species to suffer pain and often death, but also those which cause heavy economic losses among domes- tic animals and plants have enlisted his most earnest and pains- taking researches. In searching for the truths relative to these diseases there has been built up a most carefully constructed and important science known as pathology. Human pathology, comparative pathology, and phytopathology are designations that have been used for certain portions of the science, which concern man, lower animals, and plants respectively. In the maze of this extremely comprehensive science insect diseases are beset with the danger that they may be lost sight of. It is proposed, therefore, that the science of these diseases be properly tagged so that it may be referred to readily and be given the dignity to which the importance of them justly en- titles it. For this science the term “‘entopathology,”’ therefore, is hereby suggested and used. Entopathology has pride in its age, its ancestry, and its achievements. Aristotle wrote of bee diseases and the truths which have since been revealed of these disorders have very largely allayed the anxiety of beekeepers and have made it possible to be assured for them that their attractive andimportant industry can be pursued with profit. Modern entopathology is the child of Pasteur who, by his researches, exposed many of the secrets of a most destructive disease of silkworms, pebrine, and thereby saved a very remunerative industry not only for his native country, France, but for the rest of the world as well. The diseases of injurious insects result in an enormous mortality among them, being in many instances exceedingly important factors in the natural control of these pests. Much, indeed, is yet to be learned about the insect diseases. Among the insects thus far studied for their disorders from two to four infectious ones have been encountered for each species. Considering, then, only the half million insect species which have already been described one can begin to appreciate the vast extent of the field of entopathology and the huge number of problems to be solved by it. —G. F. White. NOTES AND NEWS ITEMS National Collection of Cynipidae. The Cynipidae may be divided into two general groups based on food habits; the parasitic, comprising several subfamilies parasitic on horntails, dipterous puparia and in aphids; and the phytophagous, comprising the gall-makers and guests. In the parasitic groups there have been described to date some 113 genera, of which 56 (or 51%) are represented in the Collec- tion by described or undescribed species. In these same groups the Museum has 203 determined species represented, of which 110 are exotic and 93 are from the United States and Mexico. Of the described American species 53% are represented either by types or by identified specimens and while the Collection undoubtedly contains the largest number of parasitic forms in individuals, species, and genera, of any institution of the world, yet it is in the parasitic groups that the National Collection is the weakest. Ashmead left over 125 manuscript specific names. Most of these were attached to one or two captured specimens. The difficulties presented in working on the parasitic forms are increased because of the unsatisfactory condition of the genera and because of the undoubtedly wide distribution of the species. It therefore seems very likely that these parasitic Cynipids will have the same wide distribution as their hosts and many of them may prove to be holarctic. They must necessarily be considered in connection with a well determined collection of European species. In the phytophagous section of the group the collection is much stronger and here, of the 58 genera, 47 (or 81%) are repre- sented. Inthe phytophagous section the collection contains 130 exotic species, +7 being represented by galls and flies, 56 by flies only, and 27 by galls only, but here also the collection is weak because. of the large number of exotic, phytophagous species. For the American phytophagous forms the collection is strong as 86% of the species are represented, 352 by both galls and flies, 143 by flies only, and 33 by galls only. The total number of species of Cynipidae in the collection is 731. Comparing this with the number of species in other American insitutions it is to be noted that we have about 300 species more than any other institution. The Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences has about 400 species, the American Museum of Natural History about 350 species, the Museum of Compara- tive Zoology 305, Stanford University 187, Pomona College 171, and the Boston Society of Natural History 84. —S. 4. Rohwer. In the notice of ‘Malay Poisons’ in the March issue principle should read principal. VOL. 25 MAY-JUNE, 1923 No. 5-6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCTETY OF WASHINGTON % ® P | CONTENTS CHITTENDEN, F. H.—NOTES ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND HABITS OF NORTH AMERICAN PHYLLOTRETA (COLEOP.) ...... 131 GREENE, CHARLES T.—THE LARVA AND PUPA OF MICRODON " MEGALO- GASTER SNOW. (DIPTERA) ....... : 140 HAMEL, C. C.—DISTRIBUTION RECORD ON MACRONOCTUA ONUSTA GROTE (LEPIDOPTERA) i ee ks 141 HEINRICH, CARL—NEW OLETHREUTIDAE FROM “EASTERN UNITED STATES (LEPIDOPTERA) ANTS rah Heiss 105 MORRISON, HAROLD—A REPORT ON A COLLECTION OF COCCIDAE FROM ARGENTINE II (HEMIPTERA COCCIDAE) ....... 122 SHANNON, R. C.—NON-HUMAN HOST RECORDS OF WOHLFAHRTIA (DIPTERA) . at, ane ; 142 SNYDER, THOMAS E.—THREE NEW TERMITES FROM THE CANAL ZONE, AIPANOAME LES, art beth abe ce SS oy Fo) Rirecr et, Lofty va) Caer ahs et LIRE TIS ST, or SSE 126 PusiisHeD Monruiy Except Jury, AuGust AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON OrGaAnizeED Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 P. M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the ProceEpINGs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1923. Fiona any Prestige nb cctern cc, ee aie hess ik Rien ee et ee eae E. A. SCHWARZ President sa CUr Wace Sa a Era See COL aren Ch Se . L. 0. HOWARD AP SE VECO P RC SIAEMS. pie eA hy ahs hid rejlegiee seeks metas A. G. BOVING Wiad WAGPIEADHSED en ooo 6 S860 6 6 oo Sie R. A. CUSHMAN Recording: Secretary <. vcias Joh bor te RA ARI ED oe EE C. T. GREENE Corresponding S ccrelais)— ViCasUlcr ene eee S. A. ROHWER U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. IQ LLOT, pe ei st cn A ghee cacy A aoe A. C. BAKER East Falls Church, Va. Executive Committee: THe Orricers and A. N. Caupe tt, A. L. QuaInTaAnce, J. M. Atpricu. Representing the Society as a Vice-President of the Washington Academy of SCLCHCESS, MEN Gi aa elk hag fers Laniee os can the ACM ere S. A. ROHWER PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. Terms of subscription: Domestic, $4.00 per annum; foreign, $4.25 per annum; recent single numbers, 50 cents, foreign postage extra. All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the ProceEp1ne¢s will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies 225 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there.are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should, be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF W ASHINGTON VOL. 25 MAY-JUNE, 1923 No. 5-6 NEW OLETHREUTIDAE FROM EASTERN UNITED STATES (LEPIDOPTERA). By Cart Hertnricu, U. S. Bureau of Entomology. The following descriptions are offered 1n advance of a general revision of the subfamilies Olethreutinae and Laspeyresiinae now in preparation. It is desirable to have names for use before the larger work can appear; hence the wholly verbal descriptions. Figures of genitalia, male and female, will be given in the revision. Subfamily Olethreutinae. Bactra maiorina, new species. Palpus and head whitish ochreous. Thorax ochreous, paler and more whitish ochreous cephelad. Fore wing ochreous with a central, longitudinal, fuscous shade from base to apex; at end of cell a very small dot; costa faintly strigulated with fuscous; cilia pale ochreous dusted with fuscous, especially toward apex. Hind wing ochreous fuscous; cilia whitish ochreous with a dark basal band. Alar expanse.—1\3-20 mm. Type.—Cat. no. 26280 U.S. N. M. Paratypes:—In National Collection, American Museum and collection Barnes. Type locality —Arlington, Virginia. Food plant.—Scirpus fluviatilis. Described from male type, two male and one female para- types from the type locality reared July 1, 1920, from Scirpus fluviatilis; 1 male and | female paratypes from Vineyard, Utah (Tom Spalding, ““VI-2-12” and “IX-1-12’ ’), and ae cee Paratype irom Linton, Indiana (J. J. Davis, “VII— , 13-1916, from Grass’’). It can be easily recognized by the prominent fuscous streak through the middle of the wing. The male genitalia are of the verutana type but the heavy spines on cucullus are crowded toward the lower margin and not in two lines as in Zeller’s species. Bactra priapeia, new species. Similar to maiorina but darker and with different genitalia. The central longitudinal streak on fore wing is also present in this species but is less strongly contrasted against the ground color, the entire wing being more or less suffused 106 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 with fuscous; the costal strigulations are also longer and more pronounced. Palpus spotted on outer side with fuscous; third joint fuscous. The most strik-— ing character is the aedoeagus of the genitalia; this 1s slender, very long, and curved in a half circle. It at once distinguishes the species. Alar expanse.—16-17 mm. Type.—In collection Cornell University (Cornell type No. 661). Paratypes —Cat. no. 26281 U.S. N. M. Also in collection Cornell University. Type locality —Sabine River Ferry, Louisiana. Food plant.—Unknown. Described from male type, 1 male and | female paratypes from the type locality (Cornell University Lot 542, sub 20); one male paratype from Shriever, Louisiana (Cornell University, Lot 542, sub 14); and one male paratype from Victoria, Texas (Cornell University, Lot 542, sub 27). The specimens are in rather poor condition but a name is desired and as the genitalia are like those of no other North American species I do not hesitate to describe them as new. The species can be recognized at once by its abnormally long, “curved aedoeagus. Polychrosis spiraeifoliana, new species. Antenna ochreous, shaded above with blackish fuscous. Palpus pale sordid ochreous; second joint much shaded with fuscous on outer side; terminal joint pale. Head and thorax purplish fuscous with a slight shading of dull ochreous especially on front and tegula. Fore wing with basal patch sharply contrasted against metallic antimedian band, blackish fuscous with metallic scaling appreciable only towards base, its outer margin angulate and oufwardly slanting in straight line from costa before one-fifth to lower margin of cell then inward to vein 1b and then outward again to dorsum at one-fourth; antimedian band as wide on costa as on dorsum divided by a vertical dark brownish (or blackish) fuscous line at least from costa to middle and with outer margin outwardly curved; median band slanting outward a trifle towards dorsum, roughly triangu- lar, with apex of triangle (tooth of median band) at upper outer angle of cell, blackish fuscous with a strong dusting of ochre yellow or brownish ochreous scales, especially on dorsal half of band; against upper outer angle of cell (above and touching the tooth of the band) and visible to the naked eye, an oval ochreous spot; pretornal spot triangular, blackish fuscous more or less dusted with ochre yellow, or brownish ochreous; this ochreous color predominant upon the other dark areas especially subapical spot which shows little or no blackish scaling; subapical spot paler than median band, lying parallel to termen, carrot shaped, touching tornus below and connected above to second costal spot, on inner side to the long first costal spot and on outer side by a spur with middle of termen; third costal spot short; fourth rather long and heavily shaded with blackish, to the naked eye appearing as a black spot at apex; in unrubbed specimens the basal patch, median bar and costal spots, and sometimes the subtornal and sub- apical dark areas, show under magnification a faint edging of whitish scales; PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 107 postmedian pale area leaden metallic; cilia dark purplish fuscous. Hind wing smoky brown; cilia pale with a dark basal band. Underside of fore and hind wings pale smoky brown; the outer costal markings of fore wing indicated by short obscure whitish ochreous dashes. Alar expanse.—8-10 mm. Type.—In collection Barnes. Paratypes.—Cat. no. 26282 U.S. N. M. Also in American Museum and collection Barnes. Type locality —Hazelton, Pennsylvania. Food plant.—Spiraea salicifolia. Described from male type, one male and three female para- types from the type locality, labeled “Bred from Spiraea salicifolia, 5 /29-19c”’ (2 males and 2 females) and “5 /30-19c”’ (one female); and one paratype from Hampton, New Hampshire (S. A. Shaw, ““8-9-1905’’): these from a series of moths which Kearfott had set aside as a new species under the manuscript name here adopted. An obscure species closely resembling ambrosiana Kearfott from which it is distinguishable superficially only by its paler subapical spot. The genitalia (male and female) of the two species are, however, enough different to prevent confusion. They are very similar in spiraeifoliana and yaracana Kearfott; but the latter is at once distinguished by its paler hind wings and the strong white scaling on the borders of all the dark pattern areas. Episimus tyrius, new species. Palpus reddish purple; whitish along upper inner edge of second joint. Head reddish purple in front, shaded with ochreous white above. Thorax whitish with anterior margin reddish purple and a scattering of lead colored scales behind. Fore wing to the naked eye with a large reddish purple costal patch covering most of basal half of wing; outer margin of patch concave, extending from outer fourth of costa to just above dorsum before one-half, here the patch is rounded and its lower margin curved up to base of cell; the dorsal area border- ing the patch is white with a slight spotting of leaden scales giving the ground color a somewhat ashy appearance; the outer part of wing is orange yellow some- what darker and more brownish toward termen, with a faint purplish suffusion over pretornal area and a similar small spot on costa just before apex; under slight magnification two brownish red patches are distinguishable in the purple basal area, an oblong one at its lower outer angle extending to the cell and another from midcosta extending obliquely to outer edge of the purple area; ocellus of the usual Episimus type with three very short longitudinal dark brown red dashes and an outer vertical metallic bar outward by edged by a curved white line; tornal area below ocellus leaden; at apex a fine white line from costa to termen, just below this a similar short white dash inward from termen; cilia brownish yellow. Hind wing fuscous; cilia concolorous, with a faint yellowish tint toward apex. 108 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 Alar expanse —15-15.5 mm. Type.—In collection Cornell University (Cornell type No. 662). Paratype.—In collection Barnes. Type locality. —Westbury Station, Queens County, New York. Food plant.—Acer dasycarpum. Described from female type reared by M. V. Slingerland, Nov. 21, 1894, from larva attacking the terminal shoots of Silver Maple (“C. U. Exp. no. 463”’); and one female paratype from’ the Barnes collection taken at St. Petersburg, Florida (“April’’). According to the Slingerland notes there should be two other specimens in the Fernald collection. I have not seen these. Dr. Forbes has kindly secured for me from Professor Crosby copies of notes and correspondence at Cornell relating to this species. The following extracts from these give all that is known of the life history and habits of the insect: “The attack is first noticed as a crisping of the small leaves around the terminal bud of the leader of vigorous shoot. These are bent downward and slightly webbed together. The worm us usually found in a tunnel % to | inch long in the center of the young shoot. Rarely the worm uses a large leaf stalk for his tunnel. The worm is %—% inch long, reddish brown, naked and smooth, and very active when disturbed. The heat is round and black, smaller than the body in diameter. “Tt occurs on young blocks 3-6 ft. high and is not seen on larger trees. As this is the part which forms the tree it is important that it be straight. After the attack two or more lateral shoots will form. There is therefore a loss in the height and straight- ness of the tree and the labor of extra pruning. “T first noticed it on about 5% of the treesin June. Now about 50% are attacked. It has not been noticed by those who have pruned these trees in previous years.”’ (From letter of Henry Hicks to Mr. M. V. Slingerland, Sept. 24, 1894.) “Silver Maple Tip Worm. “26 Sept. '94.—Rec’d from Henry Hicks (see letter) speci- mens of injured tips some of which still contained larvae. Put tips in cage to try and breed adults. Found one large larva in twisted rolled up dead dry leaf. It was about % inch long, dark crimson red, with light brown head and thoracic shield, and blackish legs and anal shield. Tuberculous spots slightly darker (greenish) than body color. Put a smaller larva in alcohol in its burrow. The smaller larvae vary in color from light yellow through brownish to the reddish tinge. “27 Nov. ’94.—A moth emerged and is pinned with its empty pupa case. “6 Dec. ’94.—Another moth emerged and is pinned. (18 Dec. 94.) Sent this last specimen to Dr. Fernald. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 109 “27 Dec. ’94.—Found a moth dead in cage. In attempting to spread it the wings came off from one side so it is pinned unspread. Pinned 2 empty cases also. Later (Jan. 3, ’95). This moth was a male and has been sent to Prof. Fernald.” (Slingerland notes to Exp. no. 463.) Endothenia infuscata, new species. Like nubilana Clemens but more uniformly colored and without the contrasted median, pretornal and subapical markings of that species. Head, thorax and fore wing brown with the usual (Exartema type) median, pretornal and subapical markings but faintly indicated and scarcely darker than rest of wing. Hind wing brownish fuscous, a trifle paler than fore wing; cilia paler with a darker basal band; veins 6-7 short stalked. Hind tibia of male without hair pencile. Genitalia of male with uncus strongly developed, narrowly spatulate; aedoeagus very heavy and short, apex extended as a thin chitinous tongue; penis without cornuti. Alar expanse.—17—20 mm. Type.—Cat. no. 26283 U.S. N. M. Paratypes—In collection Cornell University (Cornell para- type No. 663), Type locality —Forest Glen, Maryland. Food Plant—Unknown. Described from male type from the type locality (Otto Heide- man, ‘“7-10-14”) and 2 male paratypes from Ithaca, New York, the latter received through Dr. W. T. M. Forbes. In genitalia this species most resembles conditana Walsing- ham. The latter, however, is a much smaller species with cor- respondingly smaller genitalia. The other two species which most closely resembles it in markings (vetu/ana Walsingham and nubilana Clemens) both have broadly spatulate unci and numer- ous strong cornuti. For it and for those species, now listed under Olethreutes, having veins 6—7 of hind wings stalked, and strongly chitinized unci (i. e. montanana Kearfott, rubipunctana Kearfott, me/anostica Walsingham, hebesana Walker, daeckeana Kearfott, conditana Walsingham, vetulana Walsingham and nubilana Clemens) I am reviving Stephens’ genus Exdothenia (type: Tortrix gentianana Hiibner). Genus EXARTEMA Clemens. For convenience of identification the species belonging to this genus may be arranged in three groups upon a character in the male genitalia. In one group there is a spined digitus pro- jecting from the neck of the harpe close to the sacculus. In the following descriptions genitalia with this character are referred to as ‘‘of the itidanum type.”’ Another group has the digitus projecting from the neck well away from the sacculus (closer to the cucullus). This is the “‘permundanum type.” Under the manuscript names “nigrana,”’ “octinigranum,’ “nigriliniana” and “‘nigridorsana,” Kearfott had separated what appeared to be four different species; a careful study of their genitalia, male and female shows them to be only color varieties of a single variable species. The extreme forms are strikingly different in pattern but there are so many intergrading specimens that no separation can be maintained. I am selecting the type of the species from the form in which the usual Exartema 116 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 pattern is most clearly defined and framing the’ description so as to include all the varieties. Male genitalia of the permundanum type. Antenna fuscous; basal and second joint with one or two blackish fuscous spots on outer side and more or less fuscous shading towards apex; third joint blackish fuscous with extreme apex whitish ochreous. Head dark brownish fuscous above; sides and front pale sordid ochreous, lower anterior edge of frontal tuft blackish fuscous (in some of the paler specimens this dark shading is not present, but in most it is conspicuous as a dark transverwe bar above the face). Thorax dark brownish fuscous; anterior third of tegula dull ochre yellow. Fore wing with pattern markings brussels brown to dark fuscous brown, in the darkest specimens with a purplish tint; basal patch not reaching to costa; base of costa dull ochre yellow; a fine ochreous line along top of cell at base, dividing the basal patch and leaving its upper margin as a fuscous subcostal line; median band with teeth long and widely spaced, upper tooth touching or nearly touching subapical bar; median band with a deep indentation on outer side below tooth, in many specimens the dorsal portion of the band is entirely detached from the teeth and is often fused at its outer dorsal angle with the pretornal patch; outer third of costa with the usual four brownish triangular spots; antimedian and post- median pale areas cinnamon drab with a faint purplish suffusion, the dark suffusion most intense on dorsum of antimedian area; in some specimens the basal patch, dorsal portion of median band and pretornal patch are fused into one continuous purplish fuscous blotch extending to tornus and with the outer edge oblique from near end of cell; cilia dark brownish fuscous with little or no ochreous scaling and with a blackish basal line. Hind wing whitish toward base; dark smoky fuscous toward apex and termen; cilia sordid whitish with a rather broad dark basal line; in male a slight notch at vein Ic and a more decided one at lb. The most extreme variety has nearly all the usual markings on costal half and outer third of fore wing obscured or obsolete and a continuous purplish fuscous blotch covering the dorsum as noted above; sometimes the costal half of median bar is represented by both teeth, sometimes by only the upper and in many specimens by only a small dark smudge on midcosta; the outer costal spots and subapical bar though faint are usually indicated but these too may be obscured and are sometimes obliterated; in such forms the color of the wing aside from the dark dorsal patch varies from a pinkish cinnamon to a very pale buff. Alar expanse.—\7—-22 mm. Type.—In American Museum. Paratype-—Cat. no. 26290 U. S. N. M. Also in American Museum and collection Barnes. Type locality —Cincinnati, Ohio. Food plant—Unknown. Described from male type, 30 male and 8 female paratypes out of a large series collected by Miss Annette F. Braun at the type locality and bearing various June dates. Aside from these I have before me specimens from Algonquin and Chicago, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 56, MAY-JUNE, 1923 117 Illinois (July and August), New Brighton, Pennsylvania (June and August), Winchendon, Massachusetts (June-July), Illion and South Wales, New York (May 25 and June 13), Essex County, New Jersey and Hamilton, Ontario. This species is closest to ti/ianum and sciotanum. From the former it is distinguished by the dark brownish color of its pattern markings and from the latter by the absence of the fine line dividing the upper and lower teeth of median band. The lower tooth is often missing altogether in xigranum but when it is at all appreciable it is not separated from the upper one. In tilianum it is always present. Exartema ochrosuffusanum, new species. Genitalia of the permundanum type. An obscurely marked species with pattern much like that of cory/anum Fernald. Antenna ochreous fuscous with upper surface of first and second joints blotched with fuscous; basal joint otherwise strongly shaded with raw sienna. Palpus sordid whitish ochreous; second joint with one or two fuscous spots on outer side, a clouding of fuscous at apex of tuft and a slight shading of yellow at upper inner angle; third joint fuscous with extreme apex whitish ochreous. Head and thorax raw sienna yellow or (in darker and more rubbed specimens) brownish fuscous shaded and dusted with sienna. Fore wing with pattern markings partially obliterated, consisting of a basal patch, a short rhomboid patch on midcosta and an obscure spot at end of cell representing the remains of the median dark band, the pretornal patch, subapical bar and four outer costal dashes; these are either raw sienna yellow or soudan brown in color; the rest of the wing is of the same general color with a paler more purplish suffusion due to the metallic scaling; in rubbed specimens the blackish fuscous underscaling of the aforementioned dark areas makes them stand out in sharper contrast than they do in fresh specimens where there is a more or less yellow or brownish suffusion over the entire wing; basal patch not reaching above cell; costa at base pale, shining, of a lighter yellow than basal patch; subapical bar joining first costal dash; cilia pale fuscous with a yellowish or brownish basal line; underside of wing pale shining smoky fuscous with costa rather broadly edged with dull cream white. Hind wing pale smoky fuscous; cilia whitish with dark basal band; underside of wing shining whitish with little or no fuscous shading towards apex; male with slight notch at vein 1b and a trace of one at vein 5. Alar expanse.—\9-20.5 mm. Type.—In American Museum. Paratypes.—Cat. no. 26291 U. S. N. M. Also in American Museum and collection Barnes. Type locality —Cincinnati, Ohio. Food plant—Unknown. Described from male type and 4 female paratypes from the type locality collected by Miss Annette F. Braun and dated as 118 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 follows: type and 3 paratypes, “ VI-3-06” and one paratype “VI-16-06;”” one female paratype from Quincey, Illinois (Poling, June 5—’98); and one female paratype from Onaga, Kansas (Crevecoeur). These had been set aside by Kearfott as a new species under the manuscript name here adopted. Exartema brunneopurpuratum, new species. A small brown and metallic purple species with pattern markings distinct and sharply defined. Antenna ochreous fuscous with a dark purplish brown (almost black) spot on upper side of basal joint and a similar shade on upper side of next three or four joints. Palpus dull cream color; second joint with a couple of small fuscous spots on outer side and a very faint purplish fuscous shading at apex; third joint dark purplish fuscous. Head purplish fuscous above; dull sordid ochreous upon sides and front, with a purplish shading upon each side of frontal! tuft. Thorax purplish brown with a faint transverse suffusion of dull ochreous scaling. Fore wing with basal and median areas, pretornal and costal spots and subapical bar a rich dark brown slightly dusted with blackish scales and narrowly margined with white; rest of wing a metallic leaden purple; basal patch the darkest of the brown areas and most heavily dusted with black; its outer margin slanting out from costa at slightly less than one-fifth to just above basal fourth of upper vein of cell, slightly rounded at this point, thence vertical to lower vein of cell and from here slanting sharply inward to basal fifth of dorsum; antimedian metallic area divided by a clearly defined slightly sinnate median vertical brown line and containing at dorsum a small triangular brown spot detached from basal patch, between this and outer margin of basal patch a second short line of blackish brown scales; median band consisting of the usual two teeth and a triangular dorsal spot with apex pointed outward and upper inner angle attached to lower tooth, teeth moderately long, upper narrowly triangular, pointed and almost touching upper inner angle of subapical bar, lower tooth club-shaped; pretornal spot triangular with apex pointed; subapical bar elongately triangular, narrow at termen and broadening out towards costa, not connected with any of the costal dashes; last (apical) costal spot narrow and obscure; in antimedian leaden purple area, a dark brown line between median band and pretornal spot and another from tornus to a point between the teeth of median band and touching at its middle the apex of the subtornal spot; cilia leaden fuscous with a blackish basal band. Hind wing a uniform amber brown; cilia pale fuscous with a dark basal band. Underside of fore wing a pale fuscous brown with a faint purplish iridescence and a very indistinct ochreous costal strigulation. Underside of hind wing slightly paler than underside of fore wing. Alar expanse —14-14.5 mm. Type.—Cat. no. 26292 U.S. N. M. Type locality —Falls Church, Virginia. Food plant.—Alnus. Described from female type and one female paratype reared under Hopkins U. S. no. 11172 from larvae collected July 18, 1913 (Heinrich); moths issuing Aug. 1 and 19,1913. The larva ties the young terminal leaves of alder. It is pale greenish yellow PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 119 with body segments broadly, transversely banded with pink; head and thoracic shield pale yellow; length full grown, 12 mm. A handsome little species easily identified by its brown and purple color. Exartema melanomesum, new species. Male genitalia of the permundanum type. Antenna ochreous. Palpus whitish; second joint with the usual two blackish spots on side and a slight fuscous shading at apex; third joint blackish fuscous. Head ochreous with a faint fuscous shading above. Thorax dark brownish fuscous faintly dusted with ferruginous ochreous or rosy ochreous. Fore wing with pattern markings dark brownish fuscous dusted with ferruginous ochreous or rosy ochreous; the pale antimedian and postmedian areas closely and finely lined with fuscous and somewhat sprinkled with ochreous giving them a faint pale rosy or ochreous shade to the naked eye; basal patch reaching costa, out- wardly angulate with an excavation below middle; median band darkest (blackish brown) toward costa, upper tooth moderate, lower long, touching or almost touching subapical bar, dorsal portion of median bar roughly triangular; pretornal spot well separated from dorsal part of median bar, connected by a fine line with lower tooth and subapical bar; subapical bar club-shaped, narrow at termen, darkest (blackish brown) toward its apex; cilia ochreous, spotted with . fuscous and with a dark brown basal band. Hind wing smoky fuscous; paler towards base; cilia whitish with a dark basal band; in male slight notches at veins 5, lc and 1b. Underside of fore and hind wings nearly concolorous. Alar expanse.—15-17 mm. Type.—In collection Barnes. Paratype.—Cat. no. 26293 U. S. N. M. Also in American Museum and collection Cornell University. (Cornell paratype No. 664). Type locality —Sebec Lake, Maine. Food plant—Unknown. Described from male type (‘July 16-23”’), one male paratype from Ithaca, New York (10 July, 1916, W. T. M. Forbes), and 2 male paratypes from Essex County Park, New Jersey (July 1, W. D. Kearfott). A distinct species. In the dark shading on median band resembling footianum but with quite different genitalia. One of the paratypes from Essex County is paler than the others and has little of the characteristic dark shading on median band and subapical bar. The pattern otherwise and the genitalia show that it belongs here. Exartema quebecense, new species. A tawney ferruginous species with the usual fore wing markings defined by much restricted antimedian and postmedian metallic bands. Male genitalia of the permundanum type. Antenna fuscous; basal joint sordid ochreous drab with a blackish spot on upperside. Palpus sordid whitish; second joint with a fuscous spot on outer side and a fuscous shading toward apex; third joint fuscous. Head sordid 120 PRoc. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 ochreous drab. Thorax tawney ferruginous with a dusting of fuscous in tuft. Fore wing tawney ferruginous; basal patch complete to costa, outer margin somewhat sinuate, nearly vertical; antimedian band consisting of two thin leaden metallic lines separate by a broader streak of the ground color and con- verging and weakening toward dorsum; median band with a very short, pointed upper tooth, a considerably longer, broader, lower tooth and an outwardly angulate dorsal patch joined to lower tooth; on outer part of lower tooth some slight dusting of blackish scales; post median band consisting of a pair of thin metallic lines fusing below costa into a single rather narrow band bordering median band and forking at the middle to define the pretornal patch; the latter is roughly triangular with rounded apex and a faint submarginal line of blackish scales following the outline of the patch; outer costal spots and subapical bar considerably fused together, making entire apical area beyond postmedian band, tawney ferruginous; costal spots faintly separated at costa only by very short white dashes, and subapical bar partially defined by a thin broken line of metallic scales along its outer margin; cilia dull tawney ochreous with a fuscous spot at apex. Hind wing uniform Vandyke brown; cilia slightly paler with an obscure, broad, dark basal band; male with only a slight notch at vein 5. Under- side of fore and hind wings a glossy drab, unicolorous and unmarked. Alar expanse.—13 mm. Type.—In American Museum. Type locality —Quebec, Canada. Food plant.—Unknown. Described from unique male type labeled, ““A. W. Hanham, Quebec.” Kearfott had set it aside as a new species under the manuscript name “‘guebecana.” It is a striking species not easily confused with anything else. Subfamily LASPEYRESIINAE. Pammene felicitana, new species. Antenna grey dusted above with white. Palpus white. Head white in front, greyish above. Thorax grey, shaded with white, especially on anterior margin and on extremity of tegula. Fore wing blackish grey with a conspicuous oblong white spot on mid dorsum; this is about 4 as long as the dorsal margin, extends up to cell and is continued along dorsal margin to base of wing as a white band % the width of the patch itself, sometimes (in the female paratypes) it is broken by a small median dorsal spot or dash of the ground color; costa of fore wing faintly marked with whitish geminations on its outer half; from twoof these outwardly slanting metallic blue bars connect with vertical bars of ocellus. Ocellus consisting of two vertical metallic blue bars enclosing three faint longi- tudinal black dashes, and a third inward and dorsally slanting metallic bar con- necting the verticals below; termen edged by a black line, cut by a white dash below apex and another at vein 3; cilia greyish fuscous. Hind wing dark brown- ish fuscous; cilia white (somewhat smoky in the female paratypes) with a dark basal band. Alar expanse.—13-14 mm. Type.—In American Museum. Paratype.—Cat. no. 26294 U. S. N. M. Also in American Museum and collection Barnes. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 121 Type locality —Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Food plant——Unknown. Described from male type and one female paratype from the type locality (A. F. Winn, “17-VI-10” and ‘“2-VIII-09”; and one male paratype from St. Hilaire, Quebec (A. F. Winn, “7-TX-07”); and one female paratype from Oak Station, Pennsylvania (F. Marloff, “June 19-07”). The paratype from Hilaire had been badly damaged by a Dermestid but genitalia and right hand pair of wings are intact. This series had been set aside by Kearfott as a new species under the manuscript name here adopted. Aside from Wal- singham’s ¢exanana (which I have not seen) it is so far the only known representation of the genus in this country. Sereda, new genus. Thorax smooth. Fore wing with termen straight and slanting; 12 veins, all separate; 7, 8 and 9 approximate; 7 to termen; 10 near 9; 11 from cell before one- half; upper internal vein of cell from between 10 and 11; 3, 4, 5 almost parallel, not approximate at termen; 2 from cell just beyond one-half, straight. Hind wing without pectin on lower median vein; 8 veins; 6 and 7 approximate towards base; 5 straight and parallel with 4; 3 and 4 connate. Male genitalia with a pair of hair tufts from intersegmental area back of tegumen; harpe with cucullus trigonate; neck very slender and neck incurvation deep; sacculus somewhat enlarged, weakly spined; tegumen simple; uncus and socii absent; gnathos a simple weakly chitinized band. Female genitalia with ductus bursae short, chitinized and bent; signa two thorn like spines. A monotypic genus derived from Laspeyresia. The absence of pectin would seem to place it in Tortricidae. Male and female genitalia and general habitus, however, clearly show that it belongs in the Olethreutidae and is simply a Laspeyresia that has lost the pectin. Genotype: Halonota lautana Clemens. Carpocapsa erotella, new species. Palpus and face whitish. Antenna, head, thorax and fore wing shining drab brown. Fore wing a trifle darker beyond base; costa with a pair of white dashes just before middle, a pair just after middle, a single white spot a trifle beyond two-thirds and, just before apex, another pair; from first (inner) costal dashes a narrow metallic band, inwardly margined with white, curves outward to middle of dorsum; a similar metallic band, without the white edging, runs parallel with the first from the second pair of costal dashes, and forms, on its dorsal half, the inner vertical bar of the ocellus; from costal spot near two-thirds, a short metal- lic dash, another metallic bar from apical white dashes, interrupted below vein 7 and then continued parallel with termen to tornus, forming the outer bar of ocellus; coelloid patch very faintly dusted with ochreous, and with three or four small faint (almost obsolete) black dots against inner side of outer bar; termen 122 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 edged by a black line; cilia shining fuscous. Hind wing brown, concolorous with darker part of fore wing; cilia slightly paler with a dark basal band. Alar expanse.—9-10 mm. Type.—Cat. no. 26295 U.S. N. M. Paratypes——In National Collection and collection Cornell University (Cornell paratype No. 665). Type locality —Hyattsville, Maryland. Food plant.—Pinus taeda (pitch nodule on). Described from female type reared March 22, 1915, under Hopkins U. S. no. 12190a from larva taken feeding in pitch nodule on gallery of Petrova comstockiana Fernald in Pinus taeda (August Busck, collector); one male paratype without locality and labeled, ‘“‘from galls of Pinus taeda, Aug. 7, 82;”” one male paratype without locality, labeled, “no. 282501 Aug. 14, 82” (specimen without abdomen, head and right fore wing, but wings on left side in very good condition); and one paratype from Biloxi, Mississippi (“June 13, 1917, Cornell University, Lot 540\sab ll”). An easily recognized species, in pattern similar to foreuta Grote and piperana Kearfott but much smaller. A REPORT ON A COLLECTION OF COCCIDAE FROM ARGENTINE Il. (HEMIPTERA COCCIDAE).! By Harotp Morrison, U. S. Bureau of Entomology. In 1919 the writer published under the above title, an article discussing a collection of scale insects received by the Bureau of Entomology from Sr. P. Jorgensen. This collection was obtained in various parts of the Argentine Republic during the period 1909 to 1911. At the time of publication it was believed that all the specimens received from Sr. Jorgensen had been examined, but it was subsequently discovered that, due to the crowded condition of the general coccid collection at the U. S. National Museum, some of his material had been stored sepa- rately and had not been located at the time the bulk of the col- lection was studied. Under such circumstances it seems desirable to place on record the remainder of the species included in this material and to make some additions and correct some errors which, on Sr. Jorgensen’s authority, appeared in the earlier paper. A correction which needs particular notice is the following: Bomplana, Misiones Territory should be Bompland. The writer followed Stieler’s Atlas of Modern Geography, 9th Edition, Gotha, 1912, which gives both in the index and on the map of this section of Argentine this name as “ Bomplana,” but he has been advised by Sr. Jorgensen that this is 1n error. 1Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. Vol. 21, No. 4, Apr. 1919, pp. 63-91. * PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 123 He states further that the host of Icerva minima Morrison is Suada divaurata Mag. (Chenopodiaceae); that of Asterole- canium viridulum Cockerell is Eupatorium (Compositae); that of Eriococcus mendozae Morrison is Prosopis alpataco (Legumino- sae); that of Eriococcus leguminicola Morrison is Caesalpinia sp. (Leguminosae) only; those of Eriococcus brasiliensis Cockerell are Baccharis tridentata Vahl. (22 c) and Baccharis oxydonta (710 b) (Compositae); that of Erium armatum (Hempel) is Condalia lineata A. Gr.; those of Tachardia lycii Leonardi are Lycium gracile M (3h) and Lycium chilensis B. (39c) (Solanace- ae); one of Ceroplastes grandis Hempel (395a) is Helietta cuspt- data Engl. (Rutaceae) and not Actimostema lanceolata as stated; one of Ceroplastes novaesi Hempel (721h) is Baccharis serrutulae and not merely “‘Compositae”; that of Ceroplaste deciduosus Morrison is Sapium biglandulosum (Euphorbiaceae) and not ““Lapium”’; that of Ceroplastodes misiones Morrison is Baccharis oxyodonta; and that of Saissetia argentina Morrison is Prosopis alpataco (Leguminosae). In addition Sr. Jorgensen has called attention to the following typographical errors that should be corrected: page 77 under Ceroplastes grandis Hempel, “Vitex montividiensis”’ should read “Vitex montividensis”’; page 82, under Akermes bruneri Cockerell “Celts itala”’ should be “Celtis tala.”’ The writer is indebted to Miss Mabel Stehle for the figures of Aspidiotus latastei and to Miss Amalia Shoemaker for the re- maining figures accompanying this paper. The following species have been recognized in that portion of Sr. Jorgensen’s collection which was not located until after the publication of the previous paper: Family Coccidae. Subfamily Monophlebinae. Genus Icerya Signoret. Icerya subandina Leonardi. Specimens readily recognizable as this species are present, collected on Bulnesia retama (Zygophyllaceae); Cordillera de Mendoza, Feb. 8, 1909. (Jorg. No. 8.) Subfamily Coccinae. Genus Lecanium Burmeister. Lecanium perinflatum Cockerell. There is one lot of this species on Cestrum paragui (Solanaceae) collected at Buenos Aires, Feb., 1909 (Jorg. No. 25) among Sr. Jorgensen’s specimens. Lecanium viticis, new species. Occurring on the twigs of the host, typically closely clustered. 124 PROc. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 Adult female.—Fully matured adult female normally strongly convex, approxi- mating hemispherical; average size, length 3.25 mm., width 3 mm., height 3 mm., but quite variable and usually much distorted through crowding on the host twigs; body colors light reddish and yellowish brown, these variously inter- mingled and often irregularly mottled with black; upper surface of body more or less shining, usually smooth in the discal area but with the margins strongly wrinkled and rugose and the intermediate area often pitted; anal cleft distinct, its margins reflexed; derm retaining most of its yellow-brown color after treat- ment with potassium hydroxide and showing small “pores” much as in the ~ North American species, these “pores” mostly widely separated, but much more abundant and sometimes tending to cluster along the body margin and in a narrow median band extending anteriorly from the anal plates, in this last respect resembling L. prunastri (Fonsc.) except that the pores in the band are much fewer in number and distinctly less crowded than in prunastri; antennae small but elongate, at most indistinctly 5-segmented, the total length of one about 214; legs also small but not reduced, length of a posterior leg about 535u; tarsal digitules slender, knobbed, those of claw stouter, swollen towards apices, these last extending well beyond the tip of the stout, curved claw; true dorsal pores and ducts largely obscured through the chitinization of the derm but probably with nearly, if not all, of the clear “pores” in the derm with tubular ducts in their centers; with a few quinquelocular disk pores ventrally between each spiracle and the body margin and with a number of much larger multi- locular disk pores, each having 10-12 loculi, beneath and around the anal plates; no setae observed dorsally excepting only a submarginal row close to and para- lelling the row of marginal setae; these marginal setae large and stout as com- pared with those of the North American forms, length varying considerably, the maximum about 324; spiracular spines fairly stout, in threes, the median much the longest, about 64, the two laterals often unequal, averaging about 21; each anal plate rather broad triangular, length about 1784; width about 1074; the anterio-lateral margin longer than the posterio-lateral, and the latter thickened and vertically incised at about its middle, each plate bearing two dor- sal setae close to the apex, a single seta at the margin of the apex and three or four ventral ridge setae spaced about equidistant; with two fringe setae on each side, the outer about twice the length of the inner, placed well within the anterior end of the ventral ridge, the inner fairly close to the middle line and approximating the position of the upper hypopygial setae in those species possessing these structures; anal ring approximately circular, not particularly stout, cellular and with six setae. Larva.—As mounted, rather elongate oval, length 464”; width 2504; anten- nae rather long and slender, 6-segmented, the measurements of one in microns as follows: I, 18; II, 14; III, 39; IV, 29; V, 25; VI, 46; each segment beyond the second bearing a long curved spine and one or more setae of various lengths and sizes of which the longest approaches the length of the antenna; legs not unusual, bearing several long hairs, apparently with only a single long thread-like tarsal digitule extending beyond the tip of the claw on each leg, one claw digitule slender, thread-like, the other knobbed at apex; body dorsally with a marginal, a submedian, and on the thorax, an intermediate series of large and conspicuous double or 8-shaped pores on each half, these resembling those occurring in the PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 125 larva of Akermes bruneri except for the slight but distinct invagination of the pores in the latter; with three or four quadrilocular disk pores between each spiracle and the body margin; marginal setae of moderate length, fairly stout, middle spiracular spine long and stout, often faintly swollen near apex, the two laterals very much shorter, more or less distinctly lanceolate, ventrally with a submedian and two submarginal rows of small setae at least in the posterior abdominal region; each anal plate elongate, slender, triangular, the upper sur- face appearing irregularly rugose, the inner face somewhat sinuate, with a long apical seta about three-fourths the length of the body, a much shorter subapical seta on each side of this, a single ventral ridge seta, a single fringe seta and two small acute teeth about the middle of the posterio-lateral edge of each plate; anal ring cellular, bearing six setae, the upper two of which are somewhat smaller than the others. This species has been described from seven mounted adults, several mounted larvae and some additional unmounted material, all collected by Sr. Jorgensen at Misiones, October, 1910, on Vitex montevidensis (Jorg. No. 322e). The types are in the U. S. National Collection of Coccidae. This species appears to differ strongly from the common North American forms in the development of the 8-shaped pores in the larva, but the adult female shows no correspondingly conspicu- ous evidence of differentiation. Subfamily Diaspinae. Genus Leucaspis Targioni. Leucaspis pusilla Loew. This species is represented in the collection by four lots of material from Buenos Aires, collected May, 1911, as follows: on Pinus insignis (No. 13); on Pinus sp. (No. 14); on Pinus canadensis (No. 15) and on Pinus pinea (No. 16). Figures showing the pygidia of the adult and preadult females are appended to facilitate recognition. Genus Aspidiotus Bouché. Aspidiotus hederae (Vallot). To the single record of this species in the previous paper should be added the following collections from Buenos Aires: May, 1911: on Nerium oleander (Jorg. No. 5); on Acacia lepto- phylla (Jorg. No. 6); on Acacia melanoscylon (Jorg. No. 9); on Pittosporum undulatum (Jorg. No. 18); on Olea europea (Jorg. ag 19); and from La Plata, May, 1911, on Acacia lophanta (No. °). Aspidiotus latastei Cockerell. This species, originally described from Chile, is represented in the Jorgensen Collection by two lots of material, both from Buenos Aires, collected May, 1911, on Euonymus japonica (Jorg. No. 1) and on Ficus benjamini (Jorg. No. 2.). A figure of the 126 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 pygidium of the adult female which should assist in the recogni- tion of the species, is included. Genus Chrysomphalus Ashmead. Chrysomphalus aonidum (Linn.) This very common and widespread species was found in two lots of material from Buenos Aires, collected in May, 1911, one on Olea fragrans (Jorg. No. 20), and the other on Citrus auranti- um var. dulce (Jorg. No. 21). Chrysomphalus dictyospermi var. pinnulifera (Mask.). As the status of this form is somewhat doubtful, and is at present the subject of some study on the part of coccidologists, the writer has followed Lizer: in giving Maskell’s name to it. The record is based on a single collection from Buenos Aires, May, 1911, on Citrus aurantium var. dulce (Jorg. No. 21). Chrysomphalus paulistis Hempel. This species was collected by Sr. Jorgensen at Buenos Aires, May, 1911, on Ligustrum paniculata (Jorg. No. 4) and on Laurus nobilis (Jorg. No.7). It has already been recorded from Argentina and has been figured by Lizer. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1-7, incl.—Lecanium viticis, new species.—1. larva, outline dorsal and ventral, X 80; 2. same; marginal and spiracular spines, X 360; 3. adult female, marginal seta, X 360; 4. same, antenna, X 80; 5. same, leg. X 80; 6. same, marginal and spiracular spines. X 153; 7. same, anal plates, X 153. Fig. 8, 9. Leucaspis pusilla Loew.—8. pygidium of preadult female X 230; 9. pygidium of adult female, with additional figures showing variation in marginal fringe, X 230. Fig. 10, 11. Aspidiotus latastei Ckll. 10. adult female, outline of body, X 40; 11. same, pygidium, X 153. THREE NEW TERMITES FROM THE CANAL ZONE, PANAMA. By Tuomas EF. Snyper, Bureau of Entomology. In recent papers, as yet unpublished, the habits of 22 species of termites from the Canal Zone and nearby portions of the Republic of Panama have been described by the writer in collaboration with Messrs. H. F. Dietz and J. Zetek. Most of 1Physis, Communicaciones. No. 10 t. II. p. 177, Feb., 1916. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25 PLATE 9 MORRISON—ARGENTINE COCCIDAE. 128 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 the collections have been made incidentally in connection with other duties by Messrs. Dietz, Zetek and I. Molino while stationed in the Canal Zone, in the employ of the Bureau of Entomology. Dr. W. M. Wheeler is now at Panama and with Messrs. Zetek and Molino has explored some of the small islands with virgin flora and other little disturbed sections; three new termites have been found, making a total of 25 species for Panama. Two new species were found on Barro Colorado Island, C. Z., near Frijoles, C. Z., on March 20, 1923, and one new species at Frijoles, C. Z., on March 28, 1923. Dudley and Beaumont in 1889 and 1890 published papers on their observations of the termites of the Isthmus of Panama. Unfortunately the biological notes were not correlated with specimens of the termites. Large mounds or nests made by “Termes columnar” over 5 feet in diameter at the base and nearly 4 feet high, at Ceyroyal Station of the Panama Railroad (on the Pacific Slope), have never been rediscovered or the identity of the termite that made them determined. Doubtless when the outlying districts of Panama are carefully explored, other new termites will be discovered. Panama is an ideal location for a tropical research station for biological study. Although of relatively small area, 14 genera of termites occur at Panama, represented by 25 species. Some of the species of Leucotermes, Coptotermes and Nasutitermes are extremely destructive to both living crops, timbers and other woodwork of buildings. While in the United States there are 11 genera of termites and 40 species, termites are not as abundant in the temperate United States. as in tropical Panama. The three new species collected at Panama by Dr. Wheeler and Messrs. Zetek and Molino are Muirotermes panamaensis Snyder, Orthognathotermes wheelert Snyder and Anoplotermes parvus Snyder. Species of Mirotermes Wasmann are widely distributed throughout the southern hemisphere and also occur in Central America. At Panama the species M. hispaniolae Banks also occurs. Species of the genus Orthognathotermes Holmgren are re- stricted to America. Only 3 species have been described and they are all from South America. The new species from Panama is the first record of this genus from Central America and I have taken pleasure in naming it after Dr. W. M. Wheeler. Twelve species of Anoplotermes Fritz Miiller have been described from America, two species only have been found at Panama—J. gracilis Snyder on the Pacific Slope and the new species 4. parvus Snyder on the Atlantic Slope; small mound PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 129 nests are constructed by the latter species in Panama, while the former lives in the ground. Mirotermes panamaensis, new species. Soldier —Head pale yellow, darker (yellow-brown) near anterior margin, sides nearly parallel, slightly wider anteriorly, anterior process larger than in nigritus Silvestri, with dense long hairs; head more robust (higher) than nigritus, with few scattered long and short hairs. Labrum yellow, elongate, with two lateral, narrow, elongate lobes, concave in center, with long hairs. Mandibles black, elongate, slender, bowed, incurved at apex. Antennae yellow-brown, 14 segments, pubescent; third segment shorter than second, slightly longer than fourth; from fifth on segments become longer and wider towards apex; last segment elongate, narrow and pointed at tip. Pronotum white with tinge of yellow, saddle-shaped, slightly emarginate anteriorly, with long hairs. Legs white with tinge of yellow, claws brown, elongate, slender, pubescent. Abdomen dirty grey-white with tinge of yellow, with dense short hairs and also a row of long hairs on tergites, latter at base of tergites. Measurements: Length of entire soldier, 5.1-5.6 mm.; length of head with mandibles, 2.90-3.3 mm.; length of head without mandibles (to anterior), 1.50 mm.; length of left mandible, 1.80 mm.; length of pronotum, 0.30 mm.; length of hind tibia, 0.85 mm.; width of head (at widest portion), 0.90-0.95 mm.; width of pronotum, 0.60 mm. Larger, with head lighter colored and more robust than in nigritus Silves- tri, mandibles longer. Type locality —Barro Colorado Island, C. Z., Panama. Described from a series of soldiers collected with workers by Wheeler and Zetek at the type locality, on March 20, 1923. Barro Colorado Island is in Gatun Lake, 1% miles from Frijoles on the Atlantic Coast. In lower portion of termitarium of Anoplotermes parvus Snyder. Type, soldier—Cat. No. 26257, U.S. N. M. Orthognathotermes wheeleri, new species. Soldier.—-(Plate 1, fig. 1). Head yellow posteriorly, darker (yellow-brown) anteriorly, widest posteriorly, tapers slightly anteriorly, narrower than the head of O. macrocephalus Holmgren; upper borders of antennal sockets prolonged into flattened tubercles or projections; these tubercles are narrower than in macro- cephalus. Head with white, slightly raised eye spots posteriorly to the tubercles, more prominent and closer together than in macrocephalus. Trace of frontal gland. Head with few scattered long and short hairs. Labrum yellow-brown, slightly broader than long, weakly 3 lobed, central lobe largest, roundedly projecting, with long hairs. Mandibles black, bases with reddish tinge, long, bowed in the middle, with a marginal tooth at the bend; strongly incurved at tips; denticulations on margins of left mandible near base more prominent than in macrocephalus. 130 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 Antennae yellow-brown, 15 segments, pubescent; third segment shorter than second or fourth; from fifth segment on segments become wider and longer; towards apex, however, segments become shorter and narrower. Pronotum yellowish, saddle-shaped, anterior margin emarginate, with dense long hairs. Legs white with tinge of yellow, claws brown, legs elongate, slender, pubescent. Abdomen dirty white, with dense long hairs. Measurements: Length of entire soldier, 8.5 mm.; length of head with man- dibles, 4.9--5.0 mm.; length of head without mandibles (to tip labrum), 3.0 mm.; length of head without mandibles (to anterior), 2.4-2.5 mm.; length of left mandible, 2.5 mm.; length of pronotum, 0.4 mm.; length of hind tibia, 1.4 mm.; width of head (at widest portion), 1.8-1.9 mm.; width of pronotum, 1.1-1.2 mm. Fig. 1. Orthognathotermes wheeleri Snyder. Soldier dorsal view of head and pronotum. Drawn by Miss E. T. Armstrong. Most closely related to O. macrocephalus Holmgren of Bolivia; named in honor of Dr. W. M. Wheeler. . Type locality —Barro Colorado Island, C. Z., Panama. Described from three soldiers collected with workers by Wheeler and Zetek at the type locality, on March 20, 1923. Barro Colorado Island is 1% miles from Frijoles on the Atlantic Coast. In termitarium in earth; there was no definite structure above ground. Type, soldier—Cat. No. 26258, U.S. N. M. Anoplotermes parvus, new species. Winged adult—Head greyish-black, slightly longer than broad, broadest at eye, broader than pronotum, rounded posteriorly, with dense long hairs, fontan- elle small, indistinct, linear spot in depression, nearer posterior margin of head than in 4. gracilis Snyder. Post-clypeus grey, nearly three times as broad as long, shorter than in gracilis, not greatly projecting, posterior margin deeply concave, with long hairs. Labrum yellow, tongue-shaped, broadest near base, with long hairs, extends to tip of mandibles. Mandibles yellow castaneous- brown at tips, short. Eyes purplish-black, large, projecting, very near lateral margin head, much closer to anterior of head than to posterior. Ocelli large, elongate, with pro- PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 131 jecting upper rim, separated from compound eye by distance less than their short diameter, placed obliquely to eye. ‘ Antennae grey-brown, 15 segments, pubescent; third segment very small, half length of fourth segment; fourth segment half length of second; segments become broader and longer towards apex; last segment conical. Pronotum grey-brown, not twice as broad as long, broadest anteriorly, some- what semi-circular in shape, shorter than in gracilis, anterior and posterior margins nearly straight, with long hairs. Meso- and meta-nota grey-brown, posterior margins emarginate, pubescent. Wings dark, margins ciliate, surface with hairs; fore wing median nearer to cubitus than to sub-costa, branched to apex, cubitus does not reach apex, 6 branches to lower margin. Legs grey-brown, elongate, slender, pubescent. Abdomen grey, with dense long hairs. Measurements: Length of entire winged adult, 6.75-7.50 mm.; length of entire dedlated adult, 4.50-5.0 mm.; length of head (to tip of labrum), 0.77- 0.85 mm.; length of left mandible, 0.37 mm.; length of pronotum, 0.32-0.35 mm.; length of hind tibia, 0.70 mm.; length of anterior wing, 5.5—5.75 mm.; length of wing scale, 0.32 mm.; diameter of eye (long diam.), 0.17-0.20 mm.; width of head (at widest: portion), 0.65-0.70 mm.; width of pronotum, 0.60-0.65 mm.; width of anterior wing, 1.55 mm.; length of queen, 13.0 mm.; width of queen, 2.80 mm. Darker colored and smaller than 4. gracilis Snyder, also of Panama; the queen and male are lighter colored (more brown) than the winged adults. Type locality —Frijoles, C. Z., Panama. Described from a series of male and female winged adults col- lected with workers at the type locality by Dr. W. M. Wheeler and Mr. I. Molino, on March 28, 1923. One first form queen and male found together in a cell in the termitarium on the ground. The termitarium was of soft, black earth-like sub- stance, at the base of a tree. Type, winged male adult—Cat. No. 26259, U.S. N. M. NOTES ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND HABITS OF NORTH AMERI- CAN PHYLLOTRETA (COLEOP.). By F. H. Cuirrenven. The flea-beetles of the genus Phyllotreta inhabiting America, north of Mexico attract periodical attention by their ravages, and the Bureau of Entomology has given them some study in recent years in regard to their occurrence on cruciferous crop plants. The late H. O. Marsh studied particularly the forms occurring in Colorado; M. M. High devoted some attention to those occurring in Mississippi and Texas, and certain economic species which occur in Louisiana, the District of Columbia and elsewhere have been studied and are still the subject of research. 132 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 As a result, considerable material has accumulated, and in order to bring available data into shape for the benefit of entomologists who may be interested, it has been deemed desirable to furnish this matter briefly in the present paper. Phyllotreta zimmermanni Crotch. (Fig. 3.) Orchestris zimmermanni Cr., Proc. Acad. Sci. Phila., 1873, p. 66. Phyllotreta (Haltica) sinuata (nec Steph. et auct.) Horn, G. H., Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. vol. XVI, p. 295, pl. VI, fig. 15, 1889; Riley, C. V., Rept. Comm. Agr. f. 1884 (1885), pp. 305, 306. Phyllotreta zimmermanni Cr., Heikertinger, Franz, Verhandl. Zool.—bot. Gesells., Wien. 1911, vol. LXI, pp. 12, 13, 19, fig. 7. According to Heikertinger (1. c.) the Hal/tica sinuata of Stephens described in 1831 (Ills. Brit. Ent. Mand., Vol. IV, p. 297), is not the American species described by Crotch as Orchestris zimmermannt. Crotch’s form is native to North America, Stephens’ is European and Asiatic and is not known to occur in this country. The original description follows: “Very close to O. /epidula, but the elytral vitta is deeply excavate outside, straight at the base and incurved at the apex; base of tibiae pale. L. .10 Missouri (Riley). fifth joint of antennae very large, elongate quadrate.”’ The fourth and fifth antennal joints are black and closely jointed. -In the male the fifth is convex on the upper and con- cave on the lower surface, being thus strongly bowed, a character which separates it from all other native species which the writer has studied. The distribution in America is credited from New England to Georgia, Missouri and Michigan. Specimens examined from Bloomington, Ill.; St. Louis and Charleston, Mo.; Knox, Independence, Ind.; Rosslyn, Arlington, Va.; Washington, D. C.; Berwyn, Md.; Chadbourn, N. C.; Omaha, Nebr.; Iowa City, Iowa; Baldwin, Topeka, Kans.; Madison, Green Bay, Wis.; St. Anne, Quebec, Canada; Bandon, Manitoba. Taken at Breckinridge, Colo., June 15, 1896, by Professor Wickham at an elevation of 9,600—10,000 feet. . Ph. zimmermanni, although not especially abundant in col- lections seen, may be easily taken in numbers if search is made on its wild food plants. It has been recorded on Lepidium and Arabis and the larva is a leaf-miner, in which respect it differs from vittata, which is a root-feeder. It had confined itself apparently to wild plants until recent years. In 1913 and 1914 the larva was observed by Mr. E. Melville Duporte! mining the leaves of cress and the beetles feeding on the foliage of radish, turnip and cabbage at Quebec, Canada. The cress was practi- 1Canadian Entomologist, Vol. XLVI, p. 433. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL, 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 133 cally destroyed by the beetle and its larva. During May, 1919, the species was reported on cabbage, radish and horse-radish at Madison, Wis., by Mr. L. G. Gentner, Bureau of Entomology, and in the District of Columbia the larva is found during the summer breeding freely on wild peppergrass (Lepidium virginica), the beetles attacking no other plants when peppergrass is available. June 28, 1920, this species in company with PA. vittata was found to have completely destroyed an entire planting of mustard, representing an experiment at Arlington, Va. Only a few plants remained at one end of the plot and a still smaller number at the other end, all others having been eaten to the ground. It was somewhat more abundant than PA. vittata at this time. This is the first instance known to the writer of injury by this species in this vicinity. Phyllotreta vittata Fab. (Fig. 1.) In Fall’s list of Coleoptera of Southern California! the state- ment is made that specimens referred to this species “have been taken on two occasions at Pomona.” In Essig’s “Injurious and Beneficial Insects of California” (pp. 282, 283), mention is made on the authority of Messrs. Fall and Van Dyke, of its occurrence in California, although PA. ramosa Crotch is the prevalent species and the two have been confused. The writer has seen a series of this species from Huntington Beach, Cal., July 25, 1916, Los Gatos, Cal. (Hubbard & Schwarz), specimens labeled California without exact localities and Corvallis, Ore. The identification of vittata from the Pacific Coast, and the fact that it does not occur in the Rocky Mountain region, so far as can be determined, is additional proof, in the writer's opinion, that it has been introduced from the Old World, since it has been shown by Heikertinger? that it is of Eur-Asian origin and common to both continents. As the species was recognized in America many years ago (described from “Carolina” in 1801), its diffusion westward was rapid, but it has evidently found its way to the Pacific States either by a “commercial jump” or has been introduced independently from the Eastern continent. This would be a matter easy of accom- plishment in potted roots of any of its various larval food plants. Phyllotreta vittata discedens Weise. (Fig. 2.) Weise, Naturg. Ins. Deutsch, pt. I, vol. 6, 1893, pp. 873, 874. Elytra each with two large irregular yellow spots; humeral basal spot not extending to lateral margin or touching the base, incurving basaly toward the 1Cal. Acad. of Sci., vol. VII, 1901, p. 159. 2Die Kafer des Deutschen Reiches, vol. IV, 1913, pp. 174, 175, fig. 20. 134 PROC, ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL, 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 elytral suture; subapical spot narrow, subreniform or crescentic, incurved apically toward the elytral suture. Antennae with first three joints honey yellow, but sometimes darker. Male characters as in vittata. Length: 2 mm., width, 0.8 mm. San Antonio, Tex., January 12, 1910 (H. O. Marsh); Cuero, Tex., June 28, 1910 (M. M. High); Baton’ Rouge, a, (Tene Jones and T. H. Cutrer); Crystal Springs, Miss. (M. M. High); Orlando, Fla., May 13, 1907 (H. M. Russell). Found feeding on turnip, cabbage and some other cultivated crucifers in these localities. This variant is a little smaller than d4ipustulata, which it closely resembles in coloration and _ punctation, distinctly differing in the antennal structure of the male. It is, indeed, generally confused with 4pustulata in collections and it is some- what surprising considering the fact that this variation was described as early as 1893, that American coleopterists have not recognized it. It is evidently a southern form, not occurring north of the Gulf States, as far as can be learned, while typical vittata Kab. is extremely rare in the South. Examples of vztfata may be found frequently from all parts of the country in which the central portion of the vittae is nearly obliterated. : Phyllotreta undulata Kutsch. Haltica undulata Kutsch, Wien. Entom. Monatschrift, 1860, p. 301. Elongate oval, moderately convex, moderately shining black, feebly aeneous; elytral vitta broad, yellow, slightly incurved at base, subparallel on sutural margin to near apex, thence recurved toward but not reaching the suture, antennae about half as long as body, opaque black, 2 or 3 basal joints wholly or in part testaceous. Head punctate about as in vittata. Elytra distinctly wider at base than prothorax, humeri not prominent, punctures of disc as in vittata but with somewhat less tendency to strial arrangement; vitta slightly wider in basal fifth without subhumeral branch, narrower and subparallel in middle three-fifths, wider in apical fifth. Ventral surface including femora black, tibiae and tarsi more or less testaceous. Q Last ventral simple. Fifth joint of antennae very little longer than fourth or sixth, sixth shorter than seventh. Length 1.8 mm.; width 0.8 mm. Bladensburg, Md. (A. B. Duckett). As will be noted from the description, this species closely resembles vittata Fab. in many particulars. It is a little smaller and more slender and differs markedly in the subparallel elytral vitta, which divides each elytron into three subequal parts, one yellow and two black. The 5th antennal joint in the female is scarcely one-fourth longer than the 4th while in vi¢ta/a it is fully one-half longer than in 4th. The elytral vitta in preserved specimens is dull yellow. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 135 Phyllotreta liebecki Schaeffer. (Fig. 4.) Phyllotreta liebecki Schaeffer, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., Vol. XXVII, 1919, p. 439. Columbus, Tex., May 20—June 3, Jacksonville, Fla. (Coll. Hubbard & Schwarz); Baton Rouge, La., January 18—May 2, 1919 (T: H: Cutrer). This species is distinguishable from PA. vittata, which it resembles in outline and in punctation, by the male antennae, particularly the much shorter fourth and wider fifth joint, by the elytral vitta incurving to the suture, as also by the paler legs. Specimens have been collected by Mr. Cutrer at Baton Rouge, La., on mustard, radish and Chinese cabbage or pe-tsai and the larva has been reared from mines in the leaves of Lepidium virginicum. Mr. Charles E. Smith, Bureau of Entomology, wrote in 1921 and 1922 that he had found this species breeding extensively as a miner in the foliage of Radicula walteri and obtusa and Arabis virginica at Baton Rouge, La. Phyllotreta oregonensis Crotch. This species may be distinguished from all described forms by the broad dark yellow or brown vitta of the elytra and by the antennal joints of the male. The fourth joint is nearly as wide as the fifth and about two-thirds as long. The elytral vitta is subject to considerable variation in width. It is one of our largest species and shows unusual variation in size, measuring from 1.8 to 3.0 mm. in length. Reported by Prof. E. G. Titus, June 14, 1904, at Paonia and Fowler, Colo., feeding on leaves, seed-heads and flowers of sugar beet, on foliage and flowers of peppergrass, Lepidium (scopulorum) spathulatum and on Cleome serrulatum. The leaves of these weeds were extensively mined by the larvae, which were reared to adult July 8. June 15 to August 26, 1915, Marsh observed this species at Rocky Ford, Colo., feeding on radish, turnip and marsh cress (Radicula palustris). Specimens also from Fort Collins and Montrose, Colo.; Laramie, Wyo.; Utah; Childress, Tex. (on turnip); Garden City, Kans. (on turnip). Phyllotreta bipustulata Fab. The distribution accorded this species by the writer in an article published in 1902! is correct with the exception of the last two localities ““South Carolina and Columbus, Texas,” which prove to be represented by another insect, Ph. vittata var. discedens Weise. To that list may be added, Rochester, N. Y.; Knox, Ind.; Muscatine, Iowa City, and Independence, Iowa; Bloomington, IIl.; Madison, Wis.; Riverdale, College 1Bul. 38 N. S., Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agri., p. 78. 136 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 Park, and Berwyn, Md.,; Washington, D. C., and Rosslv~, Va. Blatchley writes! of its occurrence in Indiana “through out the State, frequent; more so in the southern counties.” The food habits are similar to those of vi¢tata, which probably applies also to the larvae, although the species has not been reared. With little doubt it is a root feeder. The beetles which were extremely rare at College Park, Md., during 1919, occurred in great abundance during May, 1920, in about equal numbers on yellow rocket (Barbarea barbarea) and marsh cress (Radicula palustris). "This occurrence in such numbers is strongly sug- gestive of these plants being employed as larval food plants and a search should be made for larvae at the roots. It was also in abundance at Arlington, Va., the last week of March, 1921, out- numbering at this time PA. vittata and Ph. zimmermanni on horse-radish and wild cress. Phyllotreta aeneicollis Crotch. Described from Texas and stated by Crotch also to occur in “middle and southern States” and by Horn to occur also in Kansas. Crotch’s remarks require amplification. From avail- able material this species has a limited range, Rocky Ford, Colo., being the most northern locality, Baton Rouge and Berwick, La., being the most eastern. It occurs south to Brownsville, Tex., and is fairly common in the States men- tioned, also recorded from Cloudcroft, N. Mex. (Cockerell and Fall). Typical specimens from Texas and Louisiana are brown aeneous, although green individuals are not uncommon. Colorado specimens are occasionally green but most specimens have a distinct blue lustre and less seldom purplish. Reported on turnip and cabbage in Colorado and injurious to the foliage of mustard and turnip in gardens in Louisiana. The larva is a leaf-miner on Lepidium virginicum and Coronopus didymus, according to the observations of Messrs. T. H. Jones, T. H. Cutrer, and Chas. E. Smith. Phyllotreta pusilla Horn. Since this species has been treated in detail in Bulletin 902, U. S. Department of Agriculture,? only a few facts need be added. The distribution is the region of the Rocky Mountain plateau, ranging from the Boreal Zone in Montana southward to the semitropical region of south Texas in the United States, west- 1Catl. Coleoptera or Beetles Known to Occur in Indiana, 1910, p. 1198. 2The Western Cabbage Flea-Beetle, by F. H. Chittenden and H. O. Marsh, October 22, 1920, pp. 1-21. PROC. BAT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25 PLATE 10 . Phylilotreta vittata 2 Zimmermanni CHITTFNDEN—NORTH AMERICAN PHYLLOTRETA eee Persie a PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 139 ward to the Pacific Coast of California and includes Mexico, in which country it is probably native, although introduced into the United States many years ago. The occurrence of this species in Mexico has always been in doubt, hence not well defined. During 1922, Mr. E. G. Smyth, Bureau of Entomology, collected specimens at Cuernavaca, October 21, on radish which differ in nowise from the specimens occurring in the United States. This point is about 4,500 miles south of Brownsville, Tex., the southernmost limit of the species in the United States. It does not appear to flourish so well in the lower latitudes. The beetle has been recorded as attacking practically all the Cruciferae occurring in its habitat and is a pest on beets, lettuce, beans, peas, carrots, tomato, potato and corn. The larva develops in the roots of several of the cruciferous plants, as also on Cleome. Phyllotreta armoraciae Koch. Since the publication of the known distribution of this species in the United States,! a number of new localities have been reported as follows: Guelph, Ottawa, Toronto, Ontario, Can.; Montreal, Ironside, Outremont, Quebec, Can.; Melrose Islands, Mass.; Newark, Brookdale, Richfield, New Brunswick, N. J.; Mineola, L. I., N. Y.; Butler, Glensboro, State College, Pa.; Plymouth, Ind.; Muscatine, Iowa; Sturgeon Bay, Wis. Phyllotreta lewisii Crotch. The distribution accorded by Horn is ‘‘Colorado, [linois (Crotch), Texas, Nevada and adjacent regions of California.” Specimens have also been seen from Rocky Ford, Fort Collins, Greeley, Longmont, Pleasant Valley, Colorado Springs, Denver, Colo.; Williams, Flagstaff, Winslow, Ariz.; Gallup, N. Mex.; Salt Lake City, Utah; Dallas, Ore.; Cheyenne, Wyo.; Welling- ton, Kans.; Lafayette, Ind.; Iowa City, Ia., Cypress Mills, Tex., and Bladensburg, Md. The last locality may be an accidental occurrence, as only a single specimen is represented. Specimens were collected by Titus on sugar beet and alfalfa in different regions of Colorado and Utah, as also on Cleome and “skunk-weed.”” At Rocky Ford, Colo., Marsh collected beetles on Cleome serrulata and obtained the larva on the roots of this weed. 1Bul. 535, U. S. Dept. of Agr., p. 5, by Chittenden and Howard. ‘ 140 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 THE LARVA AND PUPA OF MICRODON MEGALOGASTER SNOW. (DIPTERA.) By Cuarves T. Greene, Bureau of Entomology. While collecting on May 5, 1922, three and one-half miles west of Falls Church, Virginia, the writer found a nest of the ant Formica fusca subspecies subsericea Say... A careful examination revealed two larvae of Microdon megalogaster Snow and five empty pupae cases from last year. The material is in the col- lection of the United States National Museum. Nir SS Ne” PALS 6 ‘ yy TE RAY | Pg 4 ; f, ihe y I'a IH] p ES IE ae Ss A Pe Ga Za Z . OS: Ge SSN LSS NGG WY = =e ESN wry CZ SCAU BD SQ TL ES & YAN QOH HY > ys ACE KW >) SRY LO0aNK BY GOIN) RSA ie NS LS LVS) SE YL RS. < TRIER ¢ NN Tp ZZ KQYARRARAY Y RO SN MOY) My YT RA NA \ \ Gens NM iy a) a it ny OM il Ma, a Mie \ 3 \ ae Ns ry Microdon megalogaster Snow. Kigaelrasibs Larva.—Large, dull, brownish red with the surface faintly reticulate; about three-fourths as wide as long and the height nearly equal to the width; on the lateral edge are two rows, one above the other, of crinkly, bristle like, reddish yellow hairs which entirely encircle the larva. Anterior spiracles wanting. Posterior spiracles prominent and forked at the apex, located just above the lateral edge, where the dorsum and venter meet; they are round with concave sides, the smaller diameter in the middle; they are located on a circular elevation, only slightly raised above the surface; where the spiracles join this elevation there 1Determination by Dr. W. M. Mann. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 141 is a row of small, sharp ridges encircling the spiracles, these ridges resemble the teeth in a cog or ratchet; the body of the spiracles is a dull, brownish yellow with fine red lines or dashes transversely; underneath the brownish yellow surface the surface is reddish black and finely reticulate; transversely across the apex the small red dashes are much broader and more prominent; the stigmal plates are reddish yellow, shining, much wider at the base than the apex; they are separated by a space a little more than the width of one plate; there are numer- ous, small, elliptical ridges or elevations along the upper surface of each is a longitudinal slit; the ridges are scattered over the surface of the stigmal plate (see drawing, Fig. 1-b). Venter deep reddish. Pupa.—Like the larva with the following exceptions. Color is slightly darker; anterior spiracles appeared and are located about half way between the venter and the dorsum and at about the apical sixth; separated by a space about equal to four times the height of one spiracle; height of each spiracle about equal to one and one-half times the diameter; spiracles are cylindrical, dark red and deeply reticulate on the sides; apical surface a little more yellowish and with numerous close set cone shaped tubercles. (See drawing, Fig. 1-a.) Length 10.5 mm.; width 8 mm.; height 5.75 mm. ‘ Description from two specimens collected and reared by the writer. Larvae collected May 5, 1922, pupated May 6 and two adults emerged May 17, 1922. DISTRIBUTION RECORD ON MACRONOCTUA ONUSTA GROTE. (LEPIDOPTERA. ) By C. C. Hamer, Bureau of Entomology. While thinning out my twelve year old bed of Iris (Jris ger- ménica Linn.) on July 1, 1922, at Amherst, Lorain County, Ohio, two small patches were noticed in which the leaves had become a blackish color, drooping and very slimy to the touch. At the base of the leaves, close to the rootstalks, there were holes from which hung a brownish-colored frass held together by webbing. Upon cutting open the stalk there was found a whitish trans- lucent larva approximately 20 mm. in length with a brown head, and with black spots in lateral rows. This, upon being exposed to the sunlight, immediately attempted to escape and was captured only with difficulty. All the other rootstalks in the immediate vicinity were at once destroyed, but only two addi- tional larvae were found. The tunnels did not extend into the rootstalks but were confined to the base of the leaves. As it was feared that this might be the larvae of the dreaded European corn borer (Pyrausta nubilalis Hubn) the specimens were sub- mitted to Mr. Carl Heinrich of the U. S. National Museum, who determined them as Macronoctua onusta Grote. No previous record of the occurrence of this insect in Ohio could be found by the writer in the literature thereon. 142 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 5-6, MAY-JUNE, 1923 NON-HUMAN HOST RECORDS OF WOHLFAHRTIA (DIPTERA). By R. C. SHannon, Bureau of Entomology. WV ohlfahrtia magnifica Ports. is a common parasite of man and domestic animals in Europe, particularly Russia. We have a number of records of our North American species, W. vigi/ Walker and W. meigeni Schiner, parasitizing man, usually infants, but to date we have no data regarding. their other and more usual hosts. While at Ithaca, N. Y., during August, 1921, a young rabbit, which was heavily infested by maggots of W ohlfahrtia vigil, was brought to the writer by R. Harwood, who was able to easily capture it because of its badly crippled con- dition. The maggots had worked their way deep into the flesh in the region of the right shoulder, even penetrating well under the scapula. The rabbit died the next day but the larvae, about ten, which were well grown, made their way out of the body. The larvae pupated but adults did not emerge until a year later. This species, rare in collections, is fairly abundant in favored localities about Ithaca and on bright sunny days the males can be found resting on the cement sidewalks. The past summer (1922) Dr. Johannsen and the writer collected about thirty-five specimens, all males but one, on sidewalks. Their season apparently lasts to the first frost. Mr. C. T. Greene adds the following note: Two muscid larvae, received from the Bureau of Animal Industry for identification and which prove to be a species of Wohlfahrtia, either vigil or meigenii were taken at Dunkirk, Montana, September 8, 1922, from the back of an Airdale puppy six days old. These larvae were located close to the spine. At first there were noticed two small, white spots about the size of a pin’s head. In a couple of days these spots developed into holes in which was secreted a yellow mucous fluid. About the fourth day the larvae were working their way out. The holes healed up rapidly and the puppy seems to be as normal as others of the litter. Actual date of publication, Fune 28, 1923. VOL. 25 OCT.-NOV., 1923 No. 7-8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL OF WASHINGTQ CONTENTS ALDRICH, J. M.—THE PRESENT STATUS OF COQUILLETT’S HYPOCHAETA HONGICOR NIS SCHINER| (DIPTERA)! ae of Seniiasaecsee) oe. elec te 161 FOLSOM, J. W.—A NEW LEPISMID FROM PORTO RICO ......... 168 GREENE, CHARLES T.—A NEW SPECIES OF VOLUCELLA (DIPTERA). . . . 165 HYSLOP, J. A.—THE PRESENT SATUS OF THE COLEOPTERUS FAMILY PLASTOCERIDAE ev, 5 MEE ERS ee cee 156 MCATEE, W. L.—TINGITOIDEA. OF THE VICINITY OF WASHINGTON, D. C. (HETEROPTERA) Pee et rate 143 ROHWER, S. A.—A NEW MACROCENTRUS " REARED FROM THE STRAWBERRY LEAF-ROLLER (HYMENOPTERA, BRACONIDAE). ...... 168 SANDERS, J. G., AND D&LONG, D. M.—NINE NEW SPECIES OF CICADEL- LIDAE (HOMOPTERA) FROM THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA . . . 151 SCHAUS, W.—A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF MOTH OF ECONOMIC INTEREST IN THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. . . . 164 SCHAUS, W., AND COCKERELL, T. D. A.—THREE NEW FORMS OF RHOPALOCERA FROM COLOMBIA AND A NEW GEOMETRID MOTH FROM MADEIRA KORE RTI S)), | pes) Wee bok, CP eee ay Sea ne ee Ay ND eNews hn e ME 2 162 PusiisHeD Montuiy Excepr Jury, Aucust AND SEPTEMBER BYo THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. ‘Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October @ 3.1917, authorized July 3, 1918. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON OrcanizeD Marcu 12, 1884. The regular meetings of the Society are held on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 Pp. M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the ProcrEprncs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1923. Eonorany Prestaedt soo Mra 12) ae ine ha ee es ae epi es E. A. SCHWARZ PrOShdeny 2 V4 RR E aah ek es ey ces Ta? leche eee . . L.O. HOWARD First Vice-President os. ok le ee se, ACRE Second Vice-President. 02. ah ee 2 go GRAS Recording Secretary. . . ay ws SORE Sy wy Berets Sead gpl auc Corresponding Secretary- eee Me ne ieee . S. A. ROMWER U. S. National Museum, Washington, IDR (C. PESO) cee, 5 IE EN FNRI SS EOE Re seen CO amr ; East Falls Church, Va. Executive Committee: THE Orricers and A. N. Caupbe t, A. L. QuAINTANCE, J. M. Avpricu. Representing the Society as a Vice-President of the Washington Academy of SELEMEES y+ See Se RPK (Sage yee ye cen ee, 0 tee, ete tena PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. Terms of subscription: Domestic, $4.00 per annum; foreign, $4.25 per annum; recent single numbers, 50 cents, foreign postage extra. All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the ProceepinGs will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies 2.25 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF W ASHINGTON WOL. 25 OCTOBER-NOVEMBER 1923 No. 7-8 TINGITOIDEA OF THE VICINITY OF WASHINGTON, D. C. (HETEROPTERA.) By W. L. McATEE. INTRODUCTION. The Tingitoidea .are insects characterized by reticulate sculpturing, and often also by cellulate membranous expansions of the integument, characters which justify the application of the name lace-bugs to them. Most of the common species of our area live on the under side of leaves, where they lay their dark, peg-like eggs, and where the spiny nymphs later complete — their development. The feeding operations of the lace-bugs produce small pale spots on the upper surface of the leaves, which vary in number with the abundance of the insects; in cases of very heavy infestation the leaves are so damaged that they turn brown and curl up. Numerous kinds of lace-bugs are common, at least locally, and several of the species are restricted to but.one or a very few kinds of food plants. Collecting Jace-bugs requires a combination of botanical and entomological acumen, and the process of looking for the food plant, and for specimens showing the work of these bugs is full of interest. Why certain kinds of plants, so few in proportion to our whole flora, have been settled on as hosts by the lace-bugs is a problem that would seem to defy solution. In addition to the common species of lace-bugs attached to certain food plants there are in the family Tingitidae a con- siderable number of species that are rarely collected, the habits of which are unknown. The chance of encountering some of these forms and of adding to the stock of information about them should ever be borne in mind by the collector. It has not been deemed necessary to include keys in the present paper, since keys to both genera and species may be found in the reports upon the Tingitoidea of Ohio and of New Jersey, and systematic treatment of individual genera in other articles cited in the bibliography. A comparative statement of the number of species of lace-bugs reported in the formal lists for Ohio, for New Jersey, and in the present list is given in the subjoined table. No doubt a number of species have been added to the Ohio list since 1916. A few species additional to those here listed should be collected in the vicinity of the District of Columbia. Among described species the following 144° PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 may be suggested as likely to occur: Acalypta thomsonit, Melanorhopala clavata, Corythaica bellula, Corythucha celtidis, Corythucha bellula and Teleonemia nigrina, but in a family so recently studied intensively, the discovery of entirely unknown species is not at all improbable. Species of Tingitoidea in Recent Lists. Ohio New Jersey District of Columbia 1916 1922 1923 Piesmidae Piesma 1 1 1 Tingitidae Acalypta Drakella Hesperotingis Melanorhopala Tingis Physatocheila Atheas Leptoypha = Gelchossa = Gargaphia D} Corythucha 11 Stephanitis 1 Leptobyrsa = = — | Lo Pe ea es | = [isd i) = Ly els i ere WW ON Re He ee Those interested in the fauna of Plummer’s Island, Md., can learn from the records cited or from the symbol P. I. at the end of specific accounts what species have been collected on the island. Forms collected in the immediate valley of the Potomac between Great Falls and Little Falls carry the symbol V. P. I. Thirteen species are in the former group, and 12 in the latter. Excluding synonyms 11 species of lace-bugs have been described wholly or in part from specimens collected in our region. The preparation of the following list has been facilitated more by the work of Dr. Carl J. Drake than by any other factor. Dr. Drake not only has had a major part in working up the classification of our lace-bugs, but he has identified or verified the identification of a great proportion of the specimens upon which this list is based. He has also read the manuscript and made useful suggestions. The writer is indebted furthermore to Messrs. Nathan Banks and H. G. Barber for reading copies of the list and for supplying records of Tingitoidea collected by them in this locality. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 145 Annotated List of Species. Family Piesmidae. Genus Piesma LePeletier and Serville. P. cinerea Say.—Abundant, and of general occurrence; the preferred food plant is lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album); adults have been taken in winter, among old leaves, on the foliage of scrub pine (Pinus virginiana), and under bark of birch and cherry; season for non-hibernating individuals May 20 to September 6. V. P. I. Family Tingitidae. Genus Acalypta Westwood. A. lillianis Bueno.—Beltsville, Md., May 21, 1922, J. R. Malloch; Maryland near Plummer’s Id., May 9, 1913, taken by sweeping in a meadow, McAtee; W ashington, D. C., May 20, 1904, O. Heidemann. McAtee also took a specimen of Acaly pta at Beltsville, hibernating in Sphagnum; this was in the possession of Mr. Heidemann at the time of his death, and its present location is unknown. Possibly it was 4. thomsonii, known from similar situations not far south of here. Genus Hesperotingis Parshley. H. antennata Parshley.—Washington, D. C., July 3, 1918, JG: Sandeéts. Genus Melanorhopala Stal. M. eee Parshley.—Falls Church, Va., July 15, 27, 30, Aug. 2, on bark of tulip-tree, N. Banks; Great Falls, Va. , August Pree AG. barber: Scott’s Run, Va. , July 4, 1918; Dead Run, Va., June 10, 1922, on flowers of Ceanothus americanus, McAtee: Glen Echo, Md., July 10, 12, 1921, J. R. Malloch; Mary land near Plummer’s Id. at tulip- tree sap, July 25, August oy 1914, R. C. Shannon; Washington, D. C., July 4, 1895. Genus Tingis Fabricius. T. necopina Drake.—Bladensburg, Md., July 27, 1890 (Coll. P. R. Uhler). Genus Physatocheila Fieber. P. brevirostris Osborn and Drake.—Plummers Id., Md., May 21, 1905, E. A. Schwarz; Falls Church, Va., May 3, N. Banks. P. major Osborn ath Drake. = Plamen s Id., Md., June 7, 1914, October 12, 1913, McAtee; Falls Church, Va., W ashing- fon, 1D. C., no dates, N. Banks. P. plexa Say. — Stubblefield Falls, Va., on hickory, July 4, 1918, October 30, 1921, on laurel (Kalmia latifolia). The latter specimens are of a uniform reddish-brown color (clear pinkish 146 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 red when alive), but I am convinced their color is but a con- comitant of senescence, and their choice of a plant upon which to sit, perchance to feed, one of necessity, the hickory leaves having been long dried up, but the evergreen laurel being still in good condition. Dead Run to Turkey Run, Va., April 30, 1922, also a pink specimen (no doubt overwintered); Glencarlyn to mouth Four-mile Run, Va., September 27, 1914, McAtee. Genus Atheas Champion. A. insignis Heidemann.—Locally common on Stylosanthes biflora. Glen Echo, Md., August 22, 1922, H. G. Barber, J. R. Malloch, McAtee; Bladensburg, Md., July 21, 189G,@: Heide- mann; Cabin John Bridge, Md., July p1oK 1914, H.S. Barber; Washington, Dp. Ca sulya 1909, August 8, 1910, Forest Glen, June 13, 1913, O. Heidemann; Vienna, Va.; Rock Creek, D. C., August 24, N. Banks; August 8, 1913, H. G. Barber. Genus Leptoypha Stal. L. costata Parshley.—Marshall Hall, Md., August 1, 1891, N. Banks, July. 2, 3, 1897, September 3, 18912; Mt Vernonsivar April 19, 1904, R. P. Currie; Virginia opposite the District of Columbia, June 15, 1902: Rock Creek, D: C:, June 203iped- Washington, D. C., June 20, July 8, 28. These are the older records and include the specimens from which the species was described. From one or the other of these collections the impression was obtained that the food plant of the species was witch-hazel. The writer has beaten witch-hazel thoroughly at every opportunity without finding this insect and he believes the report cited is in error. On May 19,1918, he collected one specimen at Dyke, Va., upon Fraxinus caroliniana which, con- sidering the habits of L. mutica, is a more likely suggestion as to the true food plant. Dr. Carl 1. Drake informs me he has taken this species in great numbers on ash. L. mutica Say.—Abundant on fringe tree (Chionanthus virginiana) and upon ash (Fraxinus spp.). It appears as early as April 11 and has been collected as late as October 12; comes to light. P. I. Genus Gelchossa Kirkaldy. G. clitoriae Heideman.—Fairly common on Cl/itoria mariana, and feeds also on other leguminous plants such as various species of Meibomia and Lespedeza. Dates of collection range from June 26 to October 14; in copula July 26; eggs July 19; comes tovlieles: Pol, G. heidemanni Osborn and Drake.—Exceedingly abundant on wild indigo (Baptista tinctoria); season May 2 to October 10. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 147 G. oblonga Say.—Apparently quite local, but common on its food plant, Falcata comosa, if the right place be found. Glen Echo, Md., July 10 to August 22, J. R. Malloch, H. G. Barber, McAtee; Oct. 12, 1901, no collector; Maryland near Plummer’s Id., July 26, McAtee; Chain Bridge, Va., June 5, N. Banks. Genus Gargaphia Stal. G. angulata Heidemann.—The food plant of this species is Ceanothus americanus upon which it is often found in abundance. Records: Great Falls, Va., May 19, May 23, July 25; Scott’s Run, Va., July 4; Dunn- Loring, Va., August 30, McAtee; Glen- carlyn, wae July el GOGs DD. HaoClemons: Vienna, Va., August 26, 19160. -G. Barber. G. solani Heidemann.—Occasionally found in numbers on its wild food plant Solanum carolinense. Records: Hyattsville, Md., Sept. 6; Hunting Creek, Va., Sept. 23; Glencarlyn to mouth of Four-mile Run, Va., Sept. 27, McAtee; Vienna, Va., August 30, 1916, H. G. Barber. The species is a pest to the cultivated egg plant and has been taken upon it near Washington by Dr. Carl J. Drake. G. tiliae Walsh-—Common and widespread on the basswood (Tilia americana); hibernating adults have been taken under bark and among old leaves; on the subsidence of a flood, March 30, 1913, a number were taken from drift on Plummer’s ld: Md., further evidence that the species winters in litter on the eround. Eggs May 18 and June 8, 17; records of adults on the food plant from April 3 to October 13; in copula April 25; comes to light. Genus Corythucha Stal. C. arcuata Say.—Abundant on oaks; has been collected on the food plants from May 2 to November 21; eggs from May 30 to July 27, but 77 copula as late as September 27. Variety mali Gibson lacks a dark band across posterior part of tegmina. P-.I. C. associata Osborn and Drake.—Arlington Farm, Va., on wild cherry (Prunus serotina), June 24, 1922, J. E. Walter; Chain Bridge, Va., September 4, October 2, 1921, J. R. Malloch; Great Falls, Va., on peach leaves, September 5, 1916; Scott’s Run to Ball’s Hill, Va., August 12, 1917; Four-mile Run, Va., May 31,1914, Plummer’s Id., Md., July 27, September 1, 1913; Eastern Branch, near Benning, iby ae September ds 1913, McAtee; Forest Glen, Md., May 18, 1914, July 27,1913, @. Heidemann; W ashington, D. CH July 16, September 35, UN: Banks. C. bulbosa Osborn and Drake.—Abundant on its sole food plant, the bladdernut (Staphy/ea trifolia), on which it has been collected from April 22 to September 14; eggs May 9 to July 13. Pe: 148 _ PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 C. celtidis Osborn and Drake.—Has been taken at Hagers- town, Md., July 10, 1915, H. L. Parker; probably occurs nearer Washington. C. ciliata Say.—Very abundant on sycamore (Platanus occt- dentalis), on the leaves of which it feeds and under the bark of which it chiefly winters; it has been collected in winter also among old leaves and on the foliage of scrub pine. Collected on snow Rock Creek Park, D. C., Dec. 25, 1908, F. E. Matthes. PAT C. coryli Osborn and Drake.—Common locally on hazel-nut (Corylus americanus); near corner of Conduit and Potomac Roads, Md., May 18, June 8, 29, July 4, August 20; Scott’s Run, Va., July 4, 1918, McAtee; Falls Church, Va., July 30, N. Banks. C. cydoniae Fitch.—Has a greater variety of food plants than most of the species of the genus, occurring in numbers on at least 3 groups of plants, hawthorn (Crataegus spp.), June-berry (Amelanchier spp.),and buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) ; has been taken also on quince; local records date from May 10 to September 7. According to Dr. Drake this species shows considerable variation in height of the hood. C. juglandis Fitch.—Abundant locally on black walnut (Fug- lans nigra); extreme dates of collection, April 26 and September Sane C. marmorata Uhler—Abundant on Compositae, including Aster spp., Solidago spp., and Ambrosia trifida; has been collected ftom june 1S"to september 25.) Via Pelee C. mollicula Osborn and Drake.—Glen Echo, Md., July 23 August 22, 1922; Chain Bridge, Va., September 25, 19208 on willow; April 16, 1922, J. R. Malloch: C. pallida Osborn and Drake.—Very abundant on its particu- lar food plant, the red mulberry (Morus rubra); dates of collec- tion range from April 16 to October 2. P. I C. pergandei: Heidemann.—Omnipresent almost upon the alder (A/nus rugosa); has been taken in early spring on plum (Prunus americana) and in fall (including nymphs) on hack- berry (Celtis crassifolia); season April 20 to October 11. Has been taken also on willow, hazel, elm and crabapple; comes to light. The record of February 18, 1884 (including nymphs) cited iF original description, seems to be erroneous; the date is too early for development of foliage by the food- plants. Pole C. pruni Osborn and Drake.—Abundant on wild black cherry (Prunus serotina) season May 9 to September 27; eggs May 9 ane IS. aVigube? al C. ulmi Osborn and Drake.—Maryland near Plummer’s Id., on elm (U/mus americana), May 18, September 13; Plummer’s Id., April 20, August. 15, 27, October 5, November 30; Vee near Pinmmee lee April ee May 13. Turkey Run, Vawe Ulmus fulva, October 9, Mc Atee; Plummer’s Id., Md., . April 30, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 149 1912, E. A. Schwarz and H. S. Barber; Cabin John Bridge, Md., July 29, 1914, H. S. Barber. Genus Stephanitis Stal. S. pyrioides Scott.—Washington, D. C., August 9, 1910, on Azalea, ¥. H. Chittenden; July” 19, 1915, L. E. Latham. Genus Leptobyrsa Stal. L. rhododendri Horvath—Common on laurel (Kalmia lati- folia); season April 20 to October 30. P. I. BIBLIOGRAPHY. Barser, Harry G. and Wetss, Harry B. —The Lace Bugs of New Jersey. Circ. 54, N. J. State Dept. Agr., June, 1922, 24 pp., 8 figs. Keys to the genera and species and list of 23 species taken in the state. Drake, Cart J. —A new Tingid from Tennessee. Ohio Journ. Sci. 16, No. 7, May, 1916, pp. 326-328, fig. 1. Records Leptostyla oblonga from Washington, D. C. —Notes on North American Tingidae (Hem.-Het.). Bul. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 13, No. 4, Oct., 1918, pp. 86-88. Records Leptoypha costata from our region. —On some North American Tingidae (Hemip.). Ohio Journ. Sci. 19, No. 7, 1919, pp. 417-421. Original description of Monanthia (?) necopina from Bladensburg, Md. —Notes on North American Tingidae, with descriptions of new species. Florida Ent., March, 1921, pp. 49-54. Records Corythucha associata from Washington, D. C. Gipson, Epmunp H. —-The genus Corythucha Stal (Tingidae: Heteroptera). Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 44, pp. 69-104, April 4, 1918. Key to species; records 5 from our area. —The genus Gargaphia Stal. (Tingidae: Heteroptera). Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 45, pp. 187-201, July 23, 1919. Key to the species, but no D. C. records. HEIDEMANN, Orro. —A new species of Tingitidae. | Can. Ent., 31, 1899, pp. 301-302. Gargaphia angulata n. sp. described in part from specimens of local origin. —[Exhibition of specimens.] Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 4, No. 4, Jan., 1899—Dec., 1900 (July 16, 1901), p. 493. Gargephia undulata from D. C.; perhaps a mere error, but in any case a ms. synonym of G. angulata. —Account of a new Tingitid. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 8, Nos. 1-2, pp. 10-13, 2 figs., July 17, 1906. Original description of Corythucha pergandei chiefly from local material; also notes on life history of the species. 150 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL, 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 —Two new species of North American Tingitidae. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 10, Nos. 1-2, pp. 103-108, Pl. 4; Sept. 11, 1908. Original description of Leptobyrsa explanata, in part from local specimens; this name a synonym of Stephanitis rhododendri Horvath; full notes on life history. —New species of Tingitidae and description of a new Leptoglossus (Hemip- tera-Heteroptera). Bul. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 9, No. 2, 1909, pp. 231-238, 6 figs. Key to the species of dtheas; describes 4. insignis n. sp. from local ma- terial. —A new species of North American Tingitidae. Pree. Ent. Soc. Wash. 13, 1911, pp. 180-181, fig. 4. Original description of Leptosty/a clitoriae, chiefly from local material. —Two new species of Lace-bugs (Heteropetera; Tingidae). Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 18, 1916, pp. 217-219, Pl. 17 (June 11, 1917). Describes as new Leptoypha distinguenda a synonym of L. costata Parshley ; and Acalypta grisea a synonym of A. /illianis Bueno. McArtee, W. L. —Psyllidae wintering on conifers about Washington, D. C. Science, N. S. 41, p. 940, June 25, 1915. Piesma cinerea incidentally mentioned. —Key to the nearctic species of :Leptoypha and Leptostyla (Heteroptera; Tingidae). Bul. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 12, No. 3, July, 1917, pp. 55-64. Records 2 species of the former and 3 of the latter genus from our region. —A few notes chiefly on the names of Nearctic Tingidae. Bul. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 12, No. 4, Oct., 1917, pp. 78-79. Four species of Corythucha and one of Gargaphia noted for the D. C. region. Osporn, Herserv, and Drake, Cart J. —The Tingitoidea of Ohio, Ohio State Univ. Bul., 20, No. 35, June, 1916, pp. 217-247, Pls. 9-10, 9 figs. Keys to the genera and species and list of 18 species taken in the state. Records 1 Leptostyla (heidemanni), | Gargaphia, and 2 Corythucha (bulbosa, pruni) species from the D. C. region, those of which the specific names are given being described as new. —Notes on American Tingidae with descriptions of new species. Ohio Journ. Sci. 17, No. 8, June, 1917, pp. 295-307, figs. 1-2. Records one species of Atheas and 4 of Corythucha from our region of which C. coryli is described as new. Parsutey, H. M. —Notes on North American Tingidae (Hemiptera). Psyche, 24, No. 1, pp. 13-25, 2 figs. Describes Leptoypha costata and Melanorhopala infuscata from local ma- terial; gives key to species of latter genus. —Hemipterological Notices 1 (Tingidae). Ent. News, 31, 1920, pp. 271-274. Adds a record of Melanorhopala infuscata. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 151 Van Duzer, E. P. —Catalogue of the Hemiptera of America north of Mexico. Univ. Calif. Publ. Ent. Tech. Bul. Vol. 2, Nov. .30, 1917, pp. 209-223, and 813-819. Records 13 species of various genera from D. C.; several of the Md. and Va. records are of local application also but the abbreviations obscure the fact. The record for Corythucha decens Stal is an error; being based on specimens of C. marmorata Uhler: for explanation of ms. name Gar- . gaphia undulata see under Heidemann. NINE NEW SPECIES OF CICADELLIDAE (HOMOPTERA) FROM THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA. By J. G. Sanpers anp D. M. DeLonce. Dorycephalus knulli, n. sp. Plate 11, Figs. 8, 84. In size and general appearance resembling D. vanduzei but with head and pygofers proportionately longer, wing venation different, one instead of three Carinae on vertex and face less tumid. Length @ 16mm., «1 15mm. Width (greatest across eyes) 1.5 mm. Vertex very long and flat, four times length of pronotum with a conspicuous median carina from which the vertex gradually slopes to margin. Pronotum strongly and broadly notched posteriorly. Elytra in females very short, twice as long as pronotum, reaching only to middle of third abdominal segment. In male more than four times as long as pronotum. Color: Dull grass green to greenish brown, with irregular mottling and small dots, fuscous. Genitalia: Female last ventral segment almost twice as long as wide, posterior margin slightly sinuately produced. Pygofers three and one-half times as long as segment, tapering to slender foliaceous tips. Male valve very small, trans- verse, broadly and bluntly angled. Plates a little longer than last ventral seg- ment, broad at base strongly concavely narrowed at half their length and pro- duced into very narrow tips. Pygofers ten times as long as plates, longer than combined segments of abdomen. Described from three female, three male and two nymphal specimens all taken at Cleveland, Florida, April 25, 26, 27, 1921, by Mr. Josef N. Knull and the junior author. The first speci- men was collected by Mr. Knull, who has secured many other interesting records and to whom we dedicate this species. Euscelis divaricatus, n. sp. Plate 11, Fig. 7. In size and coloration resembling para//lelus, but with distinct genitalia. Length, 5.5 mm. Vertex almost parallel margined, broad, scarcely produced, almost three times as broad as long. Pronotum twice as long as vertex and twice as wide as long. Elytra long and narrow, greatly exceeding abdomen in male. Color: Very similar to paraillelus, greenish yellow. Vertex with broad black band between eyes just back of margin. Elytra brownish yellow, tips smoky, 152 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 veins pale. Face pale; sutures, a pair of spots above antennae, a heavy undu- lating line below ocelli and remnants of eight pairs of arcs, black. Genitalia: Male valve broad, bluntly triangular. Plates broad at base, outer margins convexly rounded. Inner margins approximate one-third their length then abruptly concavely rounded to form divergent hooked apices. Described from a single male specimen collected along a lagoon margin on Presque Isle, Erie Co., Pennsylvania, July 10, 1920, by the junior author. Phlepsius marmor, n. sp. Plate 11, Figs. 3, 3a, 3d. Closely related to the superbus, excultus group from which it differs in color- ation and genital structures. Length 5.5-6 mm. Vertex narrower than pronotum, roundingly produced, two and one-half times as wide aslong. Scutellum comparatively large. Elytra short and broad. Color: Dirty white, vertex with fuscous mottling near the apex and a pair of darker spots at base near eyes. Pronotum with anterior margin heavily marked with black or dark fuscous, posterior portion unmarked. Basal angles and a pair of spots on anterior disc of scutellum dark fuscous. Elytra pale with veins and several scattered patches of pigment coloration giving the elytra a mottled or marbled appearance and showing a conspicuous trilobate pale area along the suture. Face almost black above; below with traces of numerous dark arcs. Beneath pale. Genitalia: Female last ventral segment one-half longer than preceding, lateral angles rounded off, posterior margin with a large ““V” shaped notch at center reaching half way to base, either side of which is a pair of prominent blunt teeth. Male valve small only half as wide as plates at base, triangular. Plates rather short, broadly triangular, tips blunt and rounded. Described from a series of ten specimens collected from “Funiperus horizontalis”’ at Onah, Manitoba, July 24, 1919, by Mr. Norman Criddle. Phlepsius hemicolor, n. sp. Blatem Ui Biess 20225 20u2c. In general appearance and coloration resembling fu/vidorsum and particolor, but ranging between these in size, and with distinct genital characters. Length, 6-6.5 mm. Vertex forming a distinct margin with front, not strongly produced as in Jfulvidorsum, blantly angled, two and one-half times as wide as ong. Pronotum more than twice as broad as long and twice as long as vertex. Scutellum com- paratively large. Elytra rather short and broad. Color: Vertex, pronotum and scutellum buf, more or Jess mottled with fus- cous. Vertex with four rather distinct spots just back of apex, disc of pronotum and two spots on each outer margin of scutellum fuscous. Elytra milky-white rather evenly and heavily inscribed with brownish pigment lines. Face heavily irrorate with brown, shading to almost black just beneath margin. Genitalia: Female last ventral segment two and one-half times as long as pre- ceding, posterior margin broadly shallowly excavated either side between prom- PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOv., 1923 153 inent rounded lateral angles and a black margined lobe on either side of a rather broad, shallow median notch. Male valve longer than preceding segment, broad, triangular. Plates one and one-half times longer than valve, gradually - narrowed and convexly rounded at tips to form inwardly pointed apices. Described from one female specimen collected by the authors at St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin, August 15, 1916, and one female and five males from Brookings, S. D., collected Sept. 8, 1920, by H.-C. Severin. Phlepsius palustris, n. sp. Plate 11, Figs. 1, 1a, 14. A large robust banded species with a very short flattened head. Length, 7-7.5 mm. Vertex almost parallel margined, bluntly produced, more than four times as wide aslong. Depressed behind margin, forming a very short foliaceous portion. Pronotum twice: wider than Jong, more than three times as long as vertex. Scutellum large, elytra rather short and broad, compressed behind. Color: Vertex and pronotum tawny, tinged with red; disc of pronotum brown- ish. Scutellum tawny, a white spot at apex and midway along either side bordered with fuscous. Elytra whitish crossed by three more or less distinct fuscous bands, one just back of scutellum, often incomplete, a broader one across middle of clavus and a third behind apex of clavus. Face tawny rather evenly irrorate with fuscous. Genitalia: Female last ventral segment twice as long as preceding, side margins rounding to posterior margin which is slightly notched either side of produced central half. This portion is truncated and notched at middle forming two broad truncated teeth. Male valve broadly triangular; plates twice as long as valve, gradually narrowed to blunt pointed apices. Described from four specimens swept from Pinus palustris in open pine woodland at LaBelle, Florida, April 18, 19 and 21, 1921, by the junior author. Thamnotettix albovenosus, n. sp. Plate 11, Figs. 6, 6a, 6d. In size and general appearance resembling frtchii, vertex not marked with black. Elytra dull orange yellow, veins white. Length, 3.35 mm. Vertex bluntly angled, one-fourth wider between eyes than length at middle, and one-fourth longer than pronotum. Side margins of pronotum almost obsolete. Elytra rather long and narrow. Color: Tawny to orange yellow. Vertex with blotches on disc and a con- nected row of spots between black ocelli bright, fulvous orange, Pronotum with five whitish longitudinal vittae. Elytra orange yellow, veins conspicuously white. Face dusky to brownish with several pairs of pale arcs. Genitalia: Female last ventral segment a little longer than preceding segment. Lateral margins very short, then abruptly sloping to posterior margin which is slightly trilobate. Underlying membrane conspicuous as a lateral lobe at either side of segment. Male valve rounded, almost transverse lying in concavity of 154° PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 last ventral segment. Plates more than three times longer than valve, rather broad at base, narrowed and produced in long tapering apices. Described from a large series of specimens collected at Para- dise Key, Miami and LaBelle, Florida, during April, 1921, by the junior author. The species was taken from maiden cane, Panicum hemitomum. Thamnotettix bisignatus, n. sp. Plate 11, Figs. 9, 9a. A rather small species with a black broken band across apex of vertex. Length 4mm. Vertex bluntly angled, a little broader between eyes than length at middle. Pronotum slightly longer than vertex, twice wider than long, lateral margins almost obsolete. Elytra exceed abdomen. Color: Dull brownish, vertex with two black transverse blotches forming a broken band just above margin, the inner ends curved and extending over apex onto front. Elytra smoky subhyaline. Face darker, smoky. Genitalia: Male valve narrow, bluntly triangular. Plates very narrow, gradually narrowed and produced into long pointed tips. Described from a single male specimen collected at Cleveland, Florida, April 29, 1921, by the junior author. Thamnotettix taxodii, n. sp. Plate 11, Figs. 5, 52, 5d. In general appearance resembling Th. wa/dana but smaller with distinct genital characters and different coloration. Length, 4.5-5.5 mm. Vertex bluntly angled, twice wider between eyes than length at middle. Pro- notum strongly rounded anteriorly, twice as long as vertex and twice wider than long. Elytra appressed at tips. Color: Vertex pale yellow unmarked. Pronotum, scutellum and elytra dull brownish green. Anterior margin of pronotum and entire costal margin of elytra pale yellow. Venation dark, only slightly visible. Face, venter and legs yellowish. Genitalia: Female last ventral segment three times as long as preceding. Posterior margin slightly gradually produced to middle where it is faintly notched. Pygofers very long and slender. Male valve bluntly triangular almost twice as wide as long. Plates long, triangular, gradually narrowed to long pointed apices. Described from one female and two males from Paradise Key, Florida, April 10, 1921, two males from La Belle, Florida, April 19 and 20, 1921, and one male from Cleveland, Florida, April 28, 1921, all taken from cypress by the junior author. Chlorotettix dentatus, n. sp. Plate 11, Figs. 4, 4a, 4d. Size and general appearance of unicolor, but with head narrower and more pro- duced, and genitalia distinct. Length 8 mm. Vertex roundingly produced, more than twice wider than long and almost 156 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 one-half longer on middle than next eyes. Elytra long, greatly exceeding abdomen in both sexes. Color: Varying in different specimens, pale straw to dull green, unmarked, Often with pale green mottling on vertex and pronotum. Genitalia: Female last ventral segment with side margins rather short, rounding to posterior margin which is notched either side of a pair of rounded, slightly produced median teeth which occupy the middle-fourth, whole segment strongly convex ventrally, almost keeled, having the appearance from a ventral aspect of four teeth. Male valve rather short, bluntly angled. Plates broad at base, convexly rounding half their length, then rather abruptly constricted and produced as narrow parallel tips with blunt apices. Described from four female and two male specimens collected July 3, 1919, near Washington, D. C., in a marshy meadow close to College Park, Md., by the senior author. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1 PhAlepsius palustris n. sp.; 1a-female genitalia; 1d-male genitalia. Fig. 2 Phlepsius hemicolor n. sp.; 2a-female; 2b and 2c-male. Fig. 3 Phlepsius marmor n. sp.; 3a-female; 36-male. Fig. 4 Chlorotettix dentatus n. sp.; 4a-female; 4b-male. Fig. 5 Thamnotettix taxodii n. sp.; 5a-female; 5é-male. Fig. 6 Thamnotettix albovenosus n. sp.; 6a-female; 6b-male. Fig. 7 Euscelis divaricatus n. sp.; male genitalia. Fig. 8 Dorycephalus knulli n. sp.; adult female, female and male genital seg- ments; 8a-head, side view. Fig. 9 Thamnotettix bisignatus n. sp.; 9a-male. THE PRESENT STATUS OF THE COLEOPTERUS FAMILY PLASTO- CERIDAE. By J. A. Hystop, Bureau of Entomology. Candeze in his ‘Monographie des Elaterides”’ (1863) erected a tribe Campylides which he defined as follows: “Front carinate or not (carinate) on foreward part. Mandibles protuberant, straight at the base and abruptly recurved at the tip for the most part. Eyes often globose and protuberant. Prosternum lacking a chin piece.! “Median coxae nearly contiguous and narrowing strongly the mesosternal fossa in front, and the anterior projection of the metasternum in back. Tarsi pubescent beneath.” This tribe included Campylus Fisch., Oestodes LeC., Campy- lomorphus Duv., Plastocerus LeC., Octinodes Cand., Aplastus LeC., Euthysanius LeC., Aphricus Lec., Plectrosternus Lacord, Hemiops Lap., Pleonomus Menet., Macromalocera Hope, Cylindroderus Esch., Stichotomus Cand., Campyloxenus Fairm.., 1The genera Campylomorphus and Campyloxenis excepted. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 157 Dironychus Lap., and Isosoma Fald. Of these genera the type genus Campy/us Fisher is undoubtedly a true Elaterid. This genus is isogenotypic with Lepturoides Hbst., which having ° priority suppresses the tribe name. In my arrangement of the Elateridae based on larval characters (Annals Entomological Society of America X p. 250, 1917) this tribe is referred to as the Lepturoidinae. The larvae of the type genus have very strong affinities with the genus thous Esch. The genus Oestodes LeConte is in no way related to the Lepturoidinae. I have figured the larva of this genus (L. C. page 251) and placed the genus in a new tribe, Oestodini in my sub-family Phyrophorinae. I am inclined, however, to question the position of this genus. Candeze in his later work (Catalog Methodique, 1891) recognized the heterogenity of this tribe and separated the genera Lepturoides Ubst., Oestodes LeC., Bladus LeC., Phan- ophorus Sol., Campylomorphus Duv., Macromalocera Hope, Pleonomus Menet., Nomopleus Cand., Cylindroderus Esch., Stichotomus Cand., Octinodes Cand., Plestrosternus Lacord, Hemiops Lap-, Adolesches Cand., Parhemiops Cand., Hemiopsida MacLeay, and Jsosoma Menetr., as the tribe Campylites (though he remarked in a foot-note that Lepturoidites should be employed if strict priority was adhered to) from the remaining genera Plastocerus LeC., Aplastus LeC., Euthysanius Lec., Aphricus LeC., and Eniconyx Horn, for which he erected a new tribe the Plastocerites. Schwarz (Gen. Ins. fasc. 50, 1907) characterized the family, which he called Plastoceridae, as having the abdomen of males with 6 or 7 segments, and the females with 5 or 6 segments. The segments, from the 3d on, are freely movable; the posterior border of 2d, 3d and 4th segments are provided with a shining intersegmental membrane. The antennae of the males are often more or less pecinate. The elytra of the females are in some genera shortened. Mandibles are protuberant and abrupt- ly bent inwardly from the middle to form right angles. The last joint of the maxillary palpi is cylindrical. He includes Dodecacius Schwarz (Peru, 2 sp.), Euthysanius LeConte (Cali- fornia, 2 sp.), Cepholodendron Latr. (Africa and Madagascar, 5 sp.), Ceroplastus Heyden to include P. angulosa Germar (Asia Minor), Octinodes Cand. (Plastocerus Lec. not Schaum) (1 Cali- fornian, and 6 South and Central American sp.), Phy//ocerus Serv. (Southern Europe and Caucasus, 3 sp.), Diplophoenicus Cand. (Madagascar 1 sp.), Eniconyx Horn (United States, 2 sp.), Aplastus LeC. (California, 6 sp.), Euplastius Schw. (1 sp. from California and 1 sp. from Alabama), Aphricus Lec. (California, 1 sp.). Eniconyx Horn and Aphricus LeC., are two North American genera, which Horn believed to be very closely related, and to show a distinct relationship between the Gardiorphorinae and 158° PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 the other Elaterids, a position which I do not believe will be substantiated when the larval forms are finally recognized. In addition to these two genera, the genera Ap/astus LeC., Octinodes Candeze (Plastocerus LeC. not Schaum) and Euthy- sanius LeC. are of particular interest to North American entomologists. These genera all occur on the West Coast and in the southwestern United States and Mexico, and have always been a source of perplexity to workers in the Serricornia. During the spring of 1923, Mr. W. B. Turner, who was formerly associated with me at the Hagerstown Laboratory and is now located at the Sacramento Laboratory of the Office of Cereal and Forage Crop Insect Investigations, sent in, a report of the serious depredations of Cebrionid larvae in wheat fields in several parts of California. This note seemed most remarkable as no true Cebrionids were known to occur in California. Through Mr. Walton I suggested to Mr. Turner that there was a possibility that these insects which he determined as Cebrionids were larvae of the Californian Plastocerid genus Euthysanius. Knowing Mr. Turner to be a keen and careful observer I was sure that he was not mistaken as to the Cebrionid type of these larvae, as he had reared Cebrio bicolor Fab. at the Hagerstown Laboratory. Later a consignment of material was received from Mr. Turner at the Office of Cereal and Forage Crop Insect Investi- gations and was very generously loaned me by Mr. Walton. Two different larvae, though extremely similar, were found which both Dr. Adam Béving and myself have examined very carefully. These are, without the slightest possibility of doubt, true Cebrionids. Among the material was a reared specimen from a mass of material collected in October, 1915, by Mr. E. L. Barrett, who mistook the larvae for E/eodes. These larvae were collected in an alfalfa field near Laguna, California, in damp soil. On April 19, 1916, in examining the rearing cage in which these larvae were placed a pupa was found from which an adult emerged on April 28. This adult is 4plastus speratus LeC. In the same shipment were several larvae much too large to be larvae Aplastus; these were collected in 1919 at Tracey, California, and are undoubtedly the larvae of Euthysanius Lec., as the affinities of this genus and /p/astus are clearly indicated by the brachyp- terus females of both genera as figured by Horn (Transactions American Ent. Soc. Vol. 9, plate 1, 1881). Iam also very much inclined to place Octinodes in this same group of Cebrionids. Octinodes is the type genus of the so-called Plastoceridae. We, therefore, no longer have reason to maintain a family of Coleoptera known as P/astoceridae as the more important genera and the type genus of this family are undoubtedly either true Cebrionids, true Elaterids, or insects of which the affinities are PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25 PLATE 12 HYSLOP—APLASTUS SPERATUS. 160 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 so extremely doubtful that their grouping into a family is mis- leading. This present development, on the one hand, removes the Plastoceridae as an intermediate family between the two families Elateridae and Cebrionidae; on the other hand, the adult charac- ters used to separate the FElateridae and Cebrionidae are ex- tremely ephemeral and the larvae of the two families have so many characters in common that there is not much reason for considering them as more than sub-families of a broader Elateridae. The principal differences between the Cebrionidae and Elateridae as now recognized are as follows: CEBRIONIDAE. Adult. Mandibles protu berant, 5 or more visible ventral abdominal segments at least in female. Well developed to feebly developed tibial spurs. Anterior tibia more or less expanded at the tip. Meso coxae approximate. Larvae. Most of stipes and mentum con- cealed by but not fused with a very pronounced projection of prosternum. Cerivical membrane very large and eversible forming a_balloon-shaped sack when the head is raised. ELATERIDAE. Adult. Mandibles not strongly protuberant. 5 visible ventral abdominal seg- ments, both sexes. Tibial spurs lacking or very feeble. Anterior tibia not expanded at the tip. Meso coxae distinctly separated. Larvae. Stipes and mentum visible in toto from below. . Cerivical membrane not eversible. LeConte (1853) quite correctly classified these insects when he placed Aphricus, Plastocerus (Octinodes) and Euthysanius with Cerio and Scaptolenus in his 5th Division of the Elateridae, the Cebrionites. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Larva of 4plastus speratus Lec. Fig. a. Lateral aspect of larva. “c b Ventral aspect of right mandible. c. Dorsal aspect of right mandible. «qd. Lateral aspect of right mandible. “e. Abdominal spiracle. Date ei@arcdos “ g, Ventral aspect of head. “h. Fronto clypeal region and antennae. _ PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 161 THE PRESENT STATUS OF COQUILLETT’S HYPOCHAETA LONGI- CORNIS SCHINER (DIPTERA). By J. M. Atpricn, U. S. National Museum. In Coquillett’s Revision of North American Tachinidae, 1897, page 65, a fly from the White Mountains, New Hampshire, is identified with only a few words of description as Hypochaeta longicornis Schiner, a European species. The subsequent dis- position of this name, and especialiy of the North American species involved, is worthy of notice. The species that Schiner called Frivaldzkia longicornis he attributed to Fallén, but this proved to be a misidentification for Tachina distincta Meigen, although Schiner’s species belongs to the same subgenus according to Bezzi in the Palaearctic Catalogue, 1908. Brauer and Bergenstamm, 1889, erected Hypochaeta for Schiner’s form; but this was unnecessary, as Frivaldzkia 1861 was based upon the true /ongicornis Fallén, and Campylochaeta 1859 upon the closely related Tachina obscura Fallén. Bezzi recognized Campylochaeta in 1908, but admitted Frivaldzkia as a subgenus including distincta Meigen and the true /ongicornis Fallén. None of the preceding genera and species are now considered to be North American, and the question remains, what shall we call Coquillett’s White Mountains species? Townsend described in 1915 (Proc. U. S. N. M., vol. 49, p 423) a new genus and species as Chaetophlepsis tarsalis. He had a single female from San Rafael, Casma, Peru. He compared this with Coquillett’s White Mountains form, and begins his generic description with the words, “Differs from Hypochaeta as follows:” The characters listed however are common to both species, except that in the first line he mentions a small bristle near the mouth, 1 iff Ids for only one side, the other being as in Coquillett’s specimen. The two supposed species are clearly identical; hence it follows that Townsend did bestow, although unintentionally, a valid generic and specific name upon the North American species. The following year gave farsalis another baptism, as H. E. Smith named it Hypochaeta eudryae new species in Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 1916, vol. 18, p. 94. He had material from Massa- chusetts, New York, and a specimen labeled ““White Mts., Morrison.” He lists the last without mentioning the important fact that it bears Coquillett’s label ““Hypochaeta longicornis Schin.”’ My conclusion is that Coquillett’s species should now be known as Chaetophlepsis tarsalis Tns., of which eudryae is a synonym. The material in the National Museum includes Coquillett’s original specimen, Townsend’s type, Smith’s holo- type and four (not three) paratypes, together with single speci- 162 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 mens from Holly Springs, Miss., Plummer’s Id., Md., and Glen Echo, Md. (Malloch). I have also determined a specimen from Greenwood, Miss., bred from a noctuid larva. Smith’s holo- type was reared from Eudryas grata. Brimley, Ent. News, X XXIII, 1922, 23, has reared the species from Melittia satyri- formis at Raleigh, N. C. The genus can be recognized instantly by two characters: the ocellars are tall and reclinate, and the first vein bears large hairs on its whole length.. It may be added that the eyes are hairy, the facial ridges with coarse bristles much above the middle, the first posterior cell ends in the tip of the wing, and the hind cross- vein is drawn in, nearer the small one than the bend, making the last section of the fifth vein more than half the preceding. A second species, townsendi Smith, differs in having red legs and abdomen; it is known only in a single male from Miami, Florida. THREE NEW FORMS OF RHOPALOCERA FROM COLOMBIA AND A NEW GEOMETRID MOTH FROM MADEIRA (LEPID.). By Wo. Scuaus anp T. D. A. CocKERELL. DANAIDAE. Ceratinia coeno angustior new subspecies. Male similar to C. coeno Hewitson, the black border of termen of forewing narrower, the white spots not enclosed. Expanse 68 mm. Habitat—Rio Casanare, near Sacama, Boyaca Province, Colombia. Type.—Cat. No. 26213 U.S. N. M. NyYMPHALIDAE. Callicore ducei, new species. Male.—Antennae black tipped below with yellow and with white points along underside of shaft. Palpi black above, white underneath. Head black; a macular white line around eyes. Body black above, underneath white with black irrorations; legs white mottled with brown on upper side. Forewings black with scattered blue scales at base forming slight streaks above median and submedian veins; an iridescent bluish green fascia from subcostal vein at middle of wing to below submedian near tornus, 4 mm. wide at center. Hind wings black with a narrow submarginal blue band a little over 1 mm. wide and 3 mm. from termen extending from vein 6 to vein 1; cilia mottled with white on both fore and hind wings. Forewings below spectrum red suffused with white at base; basal third of costa white, the extreme edge finely black and a fuscous streak above subcostal; the red space limited by a broad black fascia, outbent from costa postmedially, at vein 4 approximated to termen which it reaches between vein 2 and submedian; a spot at tornus below submedian and termen from above vein 2 white expanding on costa to black fascia; a fine subterminal “PROC. ENT.. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 163 black line from costa suffusing with black fascia below vein 4. Hindwings below white; cost to postmedial line spectrum red, the lines fine, black; a sub- basal line along vein 8; antemedial line incurved joining postmedial above anal angle; subterminal line parallel with postmedial; a finer terminal line; upper annular line ovate containing only one distinct point, the lower point only faintly indicated; lower annular line slightly constricted at its middle with two distinct black points. Expanse 40 mm. Habitat—Jolima, Colombia, West side of Magdalena River, above town of Chaparral on Rio Soldana. Type.—Cat. No. 26074. U.S.N. M. A long series of specimens examined. Allied to C. nystogra- pha Gueneé which has a much narrower fascia on forewing and the red space of underside reduced. RIODINIDAE. Helicopis medialis, new species. Female.—Antennae with bases of joints white, much more broadly so beneath than above. Palpi white. Forewings with basal part pale buffy orange; medial area cream color, very wide, its greatest width about 8.5 mm.; apical area black as in H. acis, the black extending narrowly along the lower margin to meet the orange. Hindwings with pale buffy orange base, extending nearly 10 mm.; beyond that black, with tails as in H. acis, but with five submarginal cream colored lunules or crescents, and in the anal region a second one, hardly curved, just above the submarginal one. Forewings beneath as above, but paler, the apex rather grayish. Hindwings beneath brown discally, with two rows of silvery spots, of the same general character as those in H. cupido, but the spots of the second row are arranged more as H. divergens. Expanse 21 mm. Habitat—Near Labranza Grande, on the Rio Labranza Grande, State of Boyaca, Colombia. Alt. 1140 meters. Type.—Cat. No. 26075. U.S. N. M. No doubt a local derivative from H. acis Fabr. It combines the characters of the two sexes of the normal form. GEOMETRIDAE. Cosymbia lilacinipes, new species. Female.—W ings shaped as in C. punctaria (Linnaeus), not narrow and pointed as in C. maderensis Baker; antennae simple, above lilacine basally, grey beyond, beneath whitish; vertex covered with reddish ochreous scales, cheeks (behind eyes) white, front dusky lilacine, oral region creamy white; palpi lilacine above, white beneath; anterior legs rosy lilac in front, white behind, the other legs creamy white, shining; thorax and base of abdomen dorsally clothed with warm terra-cotta red, like the wings; abdomen paler and yellow, the segments with a dorsal lilacine spot, dark in middle; wings above warm terra-cotta red (redder than punctaria), with a pale dusky median band across both pairs as in punctaria, but no other conspicuous markings; postmedian dots, distinctly visible with a 164 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 lens in very irregular series, which if connected would form a zigzag band; half way between the median band and base of wing are a few obscure dots, three in number; costa irrorated with lilacine markings; fringe pinkish; underside paler, yellowish, the anterior wings only with median band, and basad of that a large pale lilacine grey cloud. Expanse 29 mm. Habitat—Funchal, Madeira. Dec. 25, 1920. (Fred. Jones.) Type.—Cat. No: 26214, UU, SaiNo ME A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF MOTH OF ECONOMIC INTEREST IN THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. By W. Scuaus, Honorary Assistant Curator, United States National Museum. Family Noctuidae. Subfamily Noctuinae. Saccharophagos, new genus. Male.—Proboscis fully developed; palpi porrect more than twice the length of head, the third joint downbent, thickly clothed with short hairs, slightly fringed below; frons with short tuft; eyes large, round; antennae with short bristles; thorax smooth, clothed with hair and scales; abdomen smooth extend- ing well beyond hindwing; the anal hairs long; femora inwardly fringed, tibiae fringed with hair above and below, tarsi smooth, the spurs rather long. Fore- wing broad, apex acute, the termen well rounded; vein 3 from before angle; 4 and 5 from angle; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hindwing with termen well rounded; veins 3 and 4 from angle of cell; 5 from above angle; 6 and 7 from upper angle; cell less than half the length of wing. Type of genus Saccharophagos mochisa. Can be placed near Chadaca Walker. Saccharophagos mochisa, new species. Male.—Palpi fuscous. Body and wings hair brown suffused with drab. Legs hair brown, the throat, fore femora and fore tibiae fuscous. Forewing: a sub- basal black point; a fuscous streak above and one below median vein; fuscous streaks above and below vein 4 near cell; an outcurved postmedial row of small fuscous black points, almost obsolescent from vein 3 to inner margin; terminal black points on interspaces. Hindwing slightly darker shaded in disc. Fore- wing below with outer half of costa and termen slightly paler, the inner margin broadly drab buff. Hindwing below with a fuscous terminal line; a fuscous streak on dicocellular, from it a short streak proximally. Expanse, 37 mm. Habitat: Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico. Type Cat. No. 26486, U. S. N. M. Bred by R. R. Van Zwaluwenberg. The larvae feed on dry tissue of cane butts confined to a single internode. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 165 A NEW SPECIES OF VOLUCELLA (DIPTERA). By Cuartes T. Greene, Bureau of Entomology. This material was reared by the writer at the Eastern Field Station, Falls Church, Virginia. This species runs to Volucella anna in Williston’s Synopsis but can be easily separated by the following characters:—the color and size of the antennae; the length and outline of the face and the infuscation of the wing. The side view of the face and the infuscation of the wing of Volucella anna are shown in the plate for comparison and are drawn from the type specimen. The type does not show any hairs on the basal section of the second vein. Volucella nigra, new species. (Plate 13, Figs. 1-6.) Male.—F ace entirely black, shining, with a yellowish brown pruinose area on the upper part of the facial depression below the antennae; a long narrow area (in certain lights) along each side of the facial tubercle is dull and a dull brown stripe on each side of the facial projection reaching from the eye to about half way to the tip at the lower end of the face; hair on face and front black; that on the front and a small area on each side of the face below the antennae is long; facial tubercle with short, black, bristly hairs. Antennae entirely black; third joint not more than twice as long as the greatest width—fig. 5. Eyes contiguous, densely pilose with brown pile. Thorax and scutellum black, shining, in certain lights very faintly bluish; the pile and hairs black; on the edges the hairs are longer while those on the edges of the thorax are more like macrochaetae. Abdomen black, shining, with a more bluish reflection (the blue is similar to new blue); the first segment and a narrow area along the base of the second segment is brownish in color; the hairs on the abdomen black, increasing in length towards the apex, hairs on the last segment quite long. Legs brownish-black; all pile and hairs black; pulvilli luateous. Wings with a brown infuscation on the basal half; the infuscation is paler on the costal side of the first and second basal cells; yellow at the tip of the auxiliary vein; second vein with bristly hairs from the base to the origin of the third vein; anterior crossvein short and straight, fig. 6. Female.—Very similar to the male except the eyes are broadly separated and the brown on the second segment covers nearly the basal half. Length, 11 mm., both sexes. Described from four specimens—two males and two females. Type locality, Miami, Florida. Type.—Male, allotype, female. Cat. No. 26200 U. S. N. M. The larvae were collected March 3, 1917 by Dr. T. E. Snyder at Miami, Florida. They were in the moist spongewood at the base of a paw-paw tree (Carica papaya) where the sap was fer- menting, due to frost injury. Larvae pupated May 3 and 4, 1917. Two males and two females emerged June 1, 1917, at Falls Church, Virginia, Hopkins U.S. No. 14993. 166 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 Larva.—(Fig. 1.) Opaque, long, nearly cylindrical, slightly flattened, pale luteous yellow. Mouth parts suctorial. No definite segmentation. Numer- ous transverse wrinkles. Surface covered with a fine, nearly microscopic, pale yellow pubescence; along the lateral edges are small processes solid at the base terminating into three hair-like projections. Across the anterior end and down a short distance on each side, the surface is covered with short, brown, chitinous spines. Anterior spiracles are extremely small, brown, cylindrical, tapering slightly towards their apex (too small to be used for determination). Antenna (fig. a) are pale yeilowish white with a single basal joint which is bifid and widely separated at the apex; each antennae is composed of a large, cylindrical joint, slightly longer than its diameter with a broad, transverse, yellowish-brown band in the center; at the apex are two small thimble-like projections; the inner one is shorter and has a very small, round tubercle at its apex. The last segment with two, long, cone-like projections on the outer posterior edge and the penultimate segment has four, shorter, cone-like projections on outer posterior edge. Pos- terior spiracles are faintly shining, dark red, tapering very slightly towards the apex; a transverse suture near the base. Spiracles are composed of two halves (the right half drawn, fig. 1 b) each half has near its inner side, a large, nearly round button with a rectangular depression in the middle and a series of narrow wrinkles radiating towards the outer edge; there are four sinuous spiracles to each plate composed of broad, yellow lines or markings on the surface; the balance of the plate is deep reddish to black near the edge. There are seven pairs of ampullae; the two anterior pairs are more widely separated transversely; the surface of these ampullae is covered with numerous, short, brown, chitinous spines. Length: 20 mm.; width, 4 mm. Pupa.—(Fig.2.) Very pale, dull, yellow, with the surface completely covered with a fine, microscopic, yellow pubescence. It is cylindrical, tapering slightly towards caudal end and the cephalic end truncate. Across the cephalic end are three short rows of brown, short, chitinous spines. Anterior spiracles are ex- tremely small, cylindrical; antero-dorsal spiracles are at the upper angle of the pupa, they are separated by a space equal to twice the length of one spiracle; each spiracle is dark, yellowish-red, shining, slightly turned upward; front sur- face bare, the upper and lateral surface with numerous, large, round tubercles; the base is entirely encircled with very fine, granular tubercles (fig. 2 c); (the spiracles do not always protrude far enough to show all of this fine granular surface) at the lower edge of the cephalic end are three large wrinkles covered with brown chitinous spines, in the middle of these wrinkles is where the mouth parts are retracted. The ventral surface is flat with several small rows of brown chitinous spines, which are the remains of the ampullae of the larva. Posterior spiracles protrude about 1.5 mm., the details are the same as in the larva. Length, 10 mm.; diameter, 4.5-5 mm. at front end. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. (Drawings by C. T. Greene.) Fig. 1 Volucella nigra Greene, larva, dorsal view. eaelcar antennae of larva. IL oy * = + posterior spiracle, right half drawn. “ce “ce “ce PROC. ENT. SOC, WASH., VOL. 25 Te peketten om Tinie oe Or Ihyew yuan = ee A GREENE—VOLUCELLA NIGRA PLATE 13 168.. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 2. Volucella nigra Greene, pupa, lateral view. DE. es me “_ antero-dorsal spiracle, lateral view. antey “anna Williston, lateral view of face. 4. ‘ “portion of wing. 2h nigra Greene, lateral view of face. 6. “cc «ec ae portion of wing. A NEW MACROCENTRUS REARED FROM THE STRAWBERRY LEAF-ROLLER (HYMENOPTERA, BRACONIDAE). By S. A. Rouwer, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C. This new parasite is described at this time so as to make the name available for a forthcoming article on the strawberry leaf roller (Ancylis comptana). Macrocentrus ancylivora, new species. Female —Length, 4.5 mm. Length of ovipositor (beyond the end of the abdomen) 5.5 mm.; length of anterior wing, 4 mm. Clypeus truncate; face shining, with distinct, widely separated setigerous punctures; antennae 44- jointed; scutum, prescutum, scutellum polished, impunctate; notauli and their posterior projection foveolate; the suture in front of the scutellum broad and with a median longitudinal ridge; propodeum shining basally, without distinct sculpture, posterior portion with irregular transverse rugae on a slightly granu- lar surface; mesepisternum polished, with a few widely scattered setigerous punctures; the distance between the spiracles of the first tergite distinctly greater than the distance from one spiracle to the base of the tergite; at the base of the first tergite a broad, shallow excavation which extends beyond a line drawn tangent to the spiracles and is bounded laterally by distinct ridges; first tergite with fine, rather regular longitudinal striae; second tergite and base of the third with fine longitudinal aciculations which are deeper and better defined at the. base of the second tergite; lateral depressed area of the second tergite polished and extending a short distance beyond the middle; nervellus post-furcal by a distance approximately equal to its length. Ferrugineous; interocellar area black; flagellum dark piceous; wings hyaline, strongly iridescent; venation pale brown; stigma testaceous with the anterior margin brown. Male.—Length, 3.5 mm. Length of anterior wing, 2.75 mm. Agrees with above description of the female except punctures on the face and mesepisternum are more widely separated and the sculpture of the tergites is finer. Antennae 42-jointed. Paratypes show very little variation. A few of the males have the apical tergites piceous. The antennae of the males vary from 42 to 44 joints; those of the female from 44 to 48 joints. Ty pe-locality —Riverton, New Jersey. Described from eleven females (one type) and eight males (one allotype) under Chittenden number 6800", which were reared July 2-8, 1920, from the larvae of Ancylis comptana by D. E. Fink. Type.—Cat. No. 26534, U. S. N. M. PLATE 14 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25 eee oo ml —— 1 mob i SA ial Sie FOLSOM—CTENOLEPISMA REDUCTA 170 PROC. ENT. 30C, WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 7-8, OCT.-NOV., 1923 A NEW LEPISMID FROM PORTO RICO. By J. W. Fotsom. (Plate 14, Figs. 1-8.) The species of Thysanura described below was collected by G. W. Wolcott, of the Bureau of Entomology, during his investigations in Porto Rico. Ctenolepisma reducta new species. Silvery white dorsally and ventrally; mottled with dark brown scales dorsally; body color brownish yellow. Body elongate (fig. 1); thorax but slightly wider than abdomen, and three fifths as long. Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum in relative lengths as 10:11:9. Prothorax widest posteriorly. Abdomen almost parallel-sided, slightly narrowed posteriorly. Ninth urotergite one-half as long as the tenth. Tenth urotergite (fig. 2) trapezoidal, with postero-lateral angles rounded, and middle region of posterior margin almost straight, feebly concave. Length of antennae unknown; basal segments as in figure 3. Labial palpi as in figure 4. Cerci and pseudocercus (fig. 5) incomplete. Paramedian ventral processes of female (fig. 5) elongate-conical, each extending about to the middle of the adjacent stylus. Styli (fig. 5) two pairs, on eighth and ninth abdominal segments respectively, slender. Ovipositor (figs. 1, 5) slender, rod-like, in length as in figure 1. The setal combs visible in dorsal aspect (fig. 1) are as fol- lows in number. Pronotum to metanotum, inclusive, 1+1; first abdominal segment, 1+1; second to fifth abdominal, 3-++3; sixth to eighth, 2+-2; ninth, 0; tenth, 1+1. Of these, lateral combs occur on abdominal segments 1 to 5 inclusive. The setae of the combs in this species are reduced in number. Each dorsal comb (fig. 6) consists of four setae in an oblique line, the seta at each end of the series being filiform and variously curved or bent. The intermediate setae of the comb are probably macrochetae, but were invariably absent, and are indicated in the figures only by their sockets. Each lateral comb consists commonly of six setae: four macrochetae between two filiform setae. Ventrally, there are 1+1 setal combs on abdominal segments three to eight, inclusive; each comb (fig. 7) containing four macrochetae. All these combs are so small as easily to be overlooked; in figure 1, the dots indicating these combs are greatly exaggerated in size. Scales obovate, oval to orbicular, very finely striated. Serrate setae (fig. 8) occur in 2 clusters on each side of the front (fig. 1). Length: males, 6 mm.; females,7 mm. Porto Rico, G. W. Wolcott, collector. Two males and six females. Syntypes.—Gat. No, 26368, 0..S. N. ME EXPLANATION OF PLATE, Ctenolepisma reducta.—Fig. 1: Dorsal aspect of female, X 13. Fig. 2: Tenth urotergite of female, X 44. Fig. 3: Basal segments of right antenna, X 76. Wig. 4: Left labial palpus, X 76. Fig. 5: Ventral aspect of abdominal appen- dages of female, X 44. Fig. 6: Dorsal setal comb from right side of sixth ab- dominal segment, X 284. Fig. 7: Ventral comb from right side of fifth abdomi- nal segment, X 284. Fig. 8: Serrate seta from front, X 212. Actual date of publication, November 26, 1923. 24 ee a ms Dh, tay ’ yr, PRaae eS vA eer . a b 4 ae ae | id a ee at’ ‘ a ba va ; Seah “ Picton ay ane VOL. 25 DEC., 1923 No. 9 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCTETY pO Sean aH Tis OF WASHINGTO Pan TN sh K \ 2 \ t 4 ‘ Sak 1994 x} 4 j NF, A “al Mysew CONTENTS BARBER, H. S.—TWO NEW CONOTRACHELUS FROM TROPICAL FRUITS (COLE- OVE VA CURCUMEONUDAEN MG: ls cos. Gh sas seestiy Spe) 8 om eo ee 182 CRAMPTON, G. C.—A COMPARISON OF THE LABIUM OF CERTAIN HOLO- METABOLOUS INSECTS FROM THE STANDPOINT OF PHYLOGENY. . . . 171 FISHER, W. S.—A CHANGE OF NAME IN BUPRESTIDAE. ......... 190 GAHAN, A. B.—TYPES OF TWO CHALCID FLIES MISIDENTIFIED. . . .. . 185 MANN, W. M.—TWO SERPHOID GUESTS OF ECITON. ......... 181 MASONPt) Wie THE RASPBBRIRY CANE APHID). 2 tec so is se cs se 188 PusiisHep MontHiy Excepr Jury, AuGust AND SEPTEMBER BY THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D. C. Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1919, at the Post Office at Washington, D. C., under Act of August 24, 1912. Accepted for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 3, 1918. : fa] THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON The regular meetings of the Society are held on the first Thursday of each month, from October to June, inclusive, at 8 Pp. M. Annual dues for members are $3.00; initiation fee $1.00. Members are entitled to the Proceepincs and any manuscript submitted by them is given precedence over any submitted by non-members. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1923. Honorary President. ... so. 4. 3 2 tts wn we: ) EL ASR President. RATAN IRS GSA aero os kn Ls Shetew cole . . .L. 0. HOWARD First Vice-President... 2. 2 1s ses 3S . . 2 2 AGRO Second Vice-President icra ee ac nse . R. A. CUSHMAN IRECOPAPHETSECTELANY: Uh Pel c8 i wera ss Minar eee ion es ono lol Ce TG RRR Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer. .......... . S.A, ROMWER U.S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. JOGO 5 53 oe = Se Peis het TA ee io fp. bee A. C. BAKER East Falls Church, Va. Executive Committee: THe Orricers and A. N. Caube tt, A. L. QuainTance, J. M. Atpricu. Representing the Society as a Vice-President of the Washington Academy of SCLECES. oe eS 1h eet Nas ee Ss tie ot oy Se A IROEIWIEIN PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Published monthly, except July, August and September, by the Society at Washington, D. C. Terms of subscription: Domestic, $4.00 per annum; foreign, $4.25 per annum; recent single numbers, 50 cents, foreign postage extra. All subscriptions are payable in advance. Remittances should be made payable to the Entomological Society of Washington. An author of a leading article in the ProceEpincs will be given 10 copies of the number in which his article appears. Reprints without covers will be fur- nished at the following rates, provided a statement of the number desired accompanies the manuscript: 4 pp. 8 pp. 12 pp. 16 pp. 50 copies 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 100 copies 2.25 4.50 6.75 9.00 Certain charges are made for illustrations and there are available rules and suggestions governing the make-up of articles. Immediate publication in any number may be obtained at the author’s expense. All manuscripts should be sent to the Editor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF W ASHINGTON VOL: 25 DECEMBER 1923 No. 9 A COMPARISON OF THE LABIUM IN CERTAIN HOLOMETABO- LOUS INSECTS FROM THE STANDPOINT OF PHYLOGENY.! By G. C, Crampton, Amherst, Mass. Only the elongated, more highly modified types of labium are discussed in the following brief notes, in which I have attempted to establish the homologies of the parts in higher insects; and the present brief discussion will serve as an introduction to a more extensive paper which I have almost completed, dealing with the modifications of the labium throughout the orders of insects, from the standpoint of phylogeny. For the greater part of the material used in the preparation of the present paper, I am greatly indebted to the kindness of Drs. J. M. Aldrich, J. W. Campbell, C. W. Johnson, and A. L. Melander, and I would use this opportunity of expressing my deep appreciation of their generosity which has made this work possible. The condition exhibited by the bumble-bee shown in Fig. 7, may be taken as the starting point for comparing the parts in the other insects here figured, since the labium of the bumble- bee is as primitive as any of the forms here discussed. In Bombus, as is shown in Fig. 7, a basal sclerite called the sub- mentum, sm, is followed by an elongated, well developed mentum, 7m, distal to which are the palpigers, per, bearing the labial palpi, /p. The labial palpi with their palpigers become approximated mesally; thereby displacing the paraglossae, pgl, and other parts which become crowded out of their normal position. In the Coleopteran shown in Fig. 8, the basal sclerite sm, apparently represents the submentum sm of Fig. 7, and it is possible that the lateral projections “‘/o?” of Fig. 8 may become detached to form the lora /o of Fig. 7, although this is not certain. The mentum mz is elongated and well developed in the Coleop- teran shown in Fig. 8, and is strongly suggestive of the type of mentum mm occurring in the bumble-bee (Fig. 7). In the Coleopteran shown in Plate III, Fig. 17, of the paper by Cramp- ton, 1921, the submentum is incorrectly referred to as the “pregula,”” and the mentum is incorrectly called the “‘submen- tum,”’ but in the Coleopterous larva shown in Plate IV, Fig. 27, 1Contribution from the Entomological Laboratory of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst, Mass. 172 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 of the same paper, the parts are correctly designated, as in Fig. 5 of the present paper. The palpigers pgr are large and well developed in the Coleop- teran shown in Fig. 8, and to the base of each is attached a pal- pigeral tendon (palpigertendon), similar to those which are familiar to every student who has examined the mouthparts of a beetle in routine classwork in Entomology. The _ palpigers become approximated mesally, and they comprise the greater portion of the region pm of Fig. 8 which was called the premen- tum by Crampton, 1921, since it is the region immediately in front of the mentum. Due to the mesal approximation of the palpigers‘pgr (with their three-segmented palpi, /p), the ligula, i becomes crowded out and is displaced anteriorly. The median portion of the ligula, //, probably represents the united glossae, while the lateral portions of the ligula represent the paraglossae which have united with the fused glossae, although the lateral lobes at the tip of the ligula may represent the still distinct terminal portions of the paraglossae. The Neuropteran shown in Fig. 9 illustrates a slightly higher stage of specialization than that shown in Fig. 8. The distinct submentum sm and mentum mn of Fig. 8 apparently become united to form the slender columnar structure bearing the labels sm and mn in Fig. 9. The palpigers per of Fig. 9 become still more closely approximated mesally than they are in Fig. 8, thereby reducing the area between the palpigers in Fig. 8, which probably represents the remains of the united labiostipites. (For definition of the labiostipes, see paper by Crampton, 1921). The ligula /7 of Fig. 9 is composed largely of the paraglossae, whose lateral portions are bent forward in such a fashion that one can see only the mesal portion of the ligula /i (composed of the united glossae and paraglossae) in the view shown in Fig. 9. In the Mecopteran shown in Fig. 10 a still further stage of specialization 1s reached through the loss of the ligula 77 of Fig. 9, and the reduction of the labial palpi /p to two segments. The palpigers pgr unite basally, and the region pm, or prementum, is composed chiefly of the united palpifers. The slender columnar region bearing the labels mz and sm corresponds to the region bearing the same labels in Fig. 9, and probably represents the united mentum and submentum. It is but a step from the condition exhibited by the Mecop- teran shown in Fig. 10 to that exhibited by the Dipteran shown in Fig. 11, since in the Dipteran (Fig. 11) the labial palpi /p are two- segmented as in the insect shown in Fig. 10, the ligula remains atrophied as in Fig. 10, and traces of the palpiger per are still retained in the Dipteran shown in Fig. 11, as in the Mecopteran shown in Fig. 10. The slendér basal portion of the region proximal to the palpigers per of Fig. 11 may correspond to the united regions pm, mn and sm of Fig. 10, or the whole PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 173 region bearing the labels pgr and pm, and the proximal parts of Fig. 11, may represent the prementum pm alone of Fig. 10. If the latter is the case, the parts have become surprisingly elon- gated in the Dipteran shown in Fig. 11. In the flea shown in Fig. 12 the palpi are three-segmented (if I have interpreted Boerner’s figure aright), the prementum pm is composed of the fused labio-stipes with which the palpigers pgr have united, and the region basal to the prementum pm represents the mentum mm, which, according to Boerner’s figure, is demarked from the prementum pm in the flea in question. The submentum sm is apparently separated from the mentum by a membranous area. In having retained a three-segmented labial palpus, distinct mentum and sgubmentum, the labium of the flea depicted in Fig. 12 is more primitive than that of any Mecopteran or Dipteran I know of, and this may be taken to indicate that the Siphonaptera, or fleas, branched off from the common Mecopteran-Dipteran stem at a phylogenetically early period. At any rate, it would be very difficult to derive the type of labium shown in Fig. 12 from that of any known Dipter- an or Mecopteran; and I very seriously doubt that the Siphon- aptera are to be derived from the Diptera themselves, and I pre- fer to derive them from the common ancestors of the Diptera and Mecoptera, although the line of development of the fleas has paralleled that of the Diptera very closely. I am well aware that the foregoing interpretation of the parts of the labium of the Diptera in particular is quite at variance with that proposed by Peterson, 1916, and again affirmed by Otanes, 1922, who however, exhibits a surprising lack of famili- arity with the condition occurring in the Diptera, and in the orders related to the Mecoptera, in his paper on Mecopterous mouthparts; and in criticizing the interpretations of the parts given by Crampton, 1921, it is unfortunate that Otanes did not avail himself of the information given in the paper he attempts to criticize, else he might have avoided many of his mistakes— for which a lack of familiarity with forms related to the Mecop- tera is apparently responsible. Otanes claims that the prementum pm of Figs. 3 and 10 is present only in the Mecoptera, and using this as an excuse to discard the term prementum, applied to the sclerite in question in the Mecoptera and allied insects by Crampton, 1921, he dubs the prementum the “mecoglossa.”” Now the Greek word mekos (or mecos) signifies /ength, and if the term “‘mecoglossa’”’ has any meaning at all, it refers to a Jong glossa—but the glossa has become atrophied and utterly disappears in all Mecoptera, so that it is rather amusing to find the appropriate term pre- mentum discarded, and as a substitute for it, to have the term “mecoglossa,’’ signifying “‘long glossa,” applied to a region which has nothing to do with the glossa, in insects in which the 174 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 glossa has been completely lost through atrophy! Furthermore, the prementum pm is not restricted to the Mecoptera (Figs. 3 and 10), as Otanes would have seen, had he extended his studies to other forms as well as the Mecoptera, since the flea shown in Fig. 12 has a well marked prementum pm, the Dipteran shown in Fig. 1 also has a prementum pm—as is likewise true of the Dipteran shown in Fig. 4 (where the prementum bears the label pm); and-in the Neuropteran shown in Fig. 9, and the Coleopteran shown in Fig. 8, the region labeled pm (which 1s composed largely of the palpigers pgr) is homologous with the prementum pm of the Mecoptera shown in Figs. 3 and 10. Likewise, in the Coleopterous larva shown in Fig. 5, the ligula li has become greatly reduced, and the palpigers have united with the fused labiostipites to form the prementum pm homolo- gous in every way with the prementum pm of the Mecoptera shown in Figs. 3 and 10; so that there is absolutely no basis for Otanes’ claim that the prementum (or his “‘mecoglossa””) occurs only in the Mecoptera, and his attempt to substitute the term ‘“‘mecoglossa”’ for prementum on these grounds, 1s as ill advised as his choice of a designation for the structure in question. Otanes criticizes Crampton, 1921, for designating as the pal- pigers the structures labeled pgr in Fig. 3 of the present paper on the ground that there is supposedly no suture demarking the palpigers pgr in Panorpa lugubris (Fig. 3), the structures in question being separated merely by a broad, secondarily formed depression, according to Otanes. Otanes claims to have “examined numerous specimens of the labium of Panorpa lugubris” without being able, to find a suture dividing the pal- pigers, but if he had looked a little more discerningly he would have discovered that in this insect not merely a suture, but a distinct c/eft, divides the palpigers pgr distally (as shown in Fig. 3), while the basal portions of the palpigers are clearly demarked from the slender median region which represents the united labiostipites, and to the bases of the palpigers are attached the typical palpigeral tendons labeled pg in Fig. 3, which are attached to the bases of the palpigers in the Coleoptera (Har- palus and other beetles) and other forms, as is known by every student who has taken a course in insect morphology. If Otanes could not see the huge cleft between the distal portions of the palpigers of Panorpa lugubris, however, it is not surprising that he could not see the palpigeral tendons attached to the bases of the palpigers in this insect, either; but the palpigers of Panorpa luguéris are none the less clearly demarked, and to their bases are attached the palpigeral tendons which clearly signify their true homologies to any student of comparative anatomy. In this connection, it should be noted that when Otanes writes of the ‘‘stipulae” of Panorpa, he does not mean that this insect has pin-feathers, as the term “‘stipulae” would indicate, but the PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 175 structures he refers to are those designated as the labiostipites by Crampton, 1921. Otanes claims that the mentum mz of the Mecopteran shown in Fig. 3 is not the mentum, but is merely the chitinized distal region of the submentum, and for some reason or other the Mecoptera are supposed to have no mentum. I know of no insect, however, in which the submentum occupies the distal position in which the plate mx of Fig. 3 is located, and since the sclerite mn of Fig. 3 is situated immediately behind the para- glossae pg/, is located distally in the posistion characteristic of the mentum of other insects, and is just like the mentum of the sawflies and other Hymenoptera in every respect (see also the mentum mm of Fig. 12) I fail to see why it is a detached distal portion of the submentum, especially since the submentum is always reduced in the higher Holometabola, as may be seen in Figs. 12, 8, 7, etc. Otanes has thus again based his criticism upon insufficient data, and a wider knowledge of the insects related to the Mecoptera would have enabled him to form a better founded opinion as to the proper interpretation of the parts of the labium and other head structures in the Mecoptera. Lastly, Otanes states that “the American species of Mecoptera offer no evidence confirmatory of the opinion” upheld by Crampton, 1917-1921, who maintains that the structures labeled /p in the Diptera (Figs. 1, 4 and 11) represent the labial palpi, in opposition to the opinion of Peterson, 1916, who claims that the structures /p represent the paraglossae in the Diptera. Here again, a more thorough investigation of the subject might have prevented Otanes from falling into a palpable error, for if one compares the American Dipteran Empizs clausa, shown in Fig. 11, with any American species of Bittacus, such as the one shown in Fig. 10, it is perfectly evident that the labial palpi are slender and two-segmented in the Dipteran (Fig. 11) as in the Mecopteran (Fig. 10), and that the palpi are borne at the apices of palpigers pgr in the Dipteran (Fig. 11) as in the Mecopteran (Fig. 10), whereas the paraglossae (pg/ of Fig. 7) are not two- segmented, and are not borne at the apices of the palpigers (pgr of Fig. 10), and in addition, the paraglossae exhibit a marked tendency to become atrophied and disappear completely in the forms most closely related to the Diptera, such as the fleas (Fig. 12) and Mecoptera (Figs. 10 and 3). Tillyard, 1922, correctly designates the structures labeled /p in the Dipteran shown in Fig. 1, as the labial palpi, and I do not know of a better specimen for illustrating that the structures in question are two-segmented labial palpi in the Diptera, than the insect shown in Fig. 1. Furthermore, the fact that in certain Mecoptera the labial palpi exhibit pseudotracheae similar to those occurring on the distal segments (labella) of the labial palpi of certain Diptera (although all Diptera do not have 176 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 pseudotracheae on the distal segments of the palpi) clearly indicates that the labial palpi of Diptera are such, rather than paraglossae. In fact, I do not see how any one can compare the parts of the Dipterous labium shown in Fig. 1 with those of the Mecopterous labium shown in Fig. 3 without coming to the inevitable conclusion that the structures labeled /p in the Dipteran shown in Fig. | are the labial palpi and nothing else, for it so easy to see that the palpigers per of Fig. 1 are the pal- pigers per of Fig. 3, and the two-segmented palpi /p of Fig. 1 correspond in every way to the two-segmented palpi /p of Fig. 3. Ifthe palpi/p of Fig. 1 are the paraglossae, how is it that they are two-segmented (when the paraglossae are not segmented) and are borne at the apices of the palpigers pgr in a fashion not occurring in any paraglossae of any known insect? Since no evidence has ever been brought forward to prove that the structures labeled /p in Fig. 1 are paraglossae, and since every circumstance clearly indicates that the structures labeled /p in Fig. 1 are the labial palpi, the question of the homologies of the labella of the Diptera must be regarded as definitely decided in favor of the view that the labella of the Diptera are the terminal portions of the labial palpi, and unless some actual proof that the labella represent the paraglossae instead, is brought forward in support of the opposite view, further discussion of this ques- tion would be merely a waste of time and space which might more profitably be devoted to other subjects. In several of his papers on the Panorpoid “complex” (a term having nothing to do with psychoanalysis) Tillyard is inclined to place the Mecoptera at the base of the Holometabolous stem, on the basis of the nature of the wings of the Mecoptera. This, however, shows the danger of restricting one’s phylogenetic studies to one set of structures alone, since not only are the Coleoptera and Neuroptera more primitive than the Mecoptera in their body structures in general, but even the sawflies (which occupy a position intermediate between the Coleoptera and Neuroptera on the one hand, and the Mecoptera and Trichop- tera on the other) are more primitively organized than the Mecoptera in having retained an Orthopteroid ovipositor (lost in the Mecoptera) in the females, and a more primitive type of genitalia (with divided penis valves, etc.) in the males, than 1s the case with any known Mecopteran. The head capsule and mouthparts of sawflies are much more Orthopteroid, and hence more primitive than these structures are in the Mecoptera; the neck and thoracic sclerites, coxae, legs, etc., of sawflies are of a much more primitive (Orthopteroid) type than are those of the Mecoptera, and the same is true of the abdomen with its appen- dages—the cerci of a sawfly recently given me by Dr. C. P. Alexander having actually retained the multiarticulate condi- tion occurring in certain primitive Isoptera! Even the wings of PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 177 sawHlies apparently began their type of specialization at a lower “level” than that of the secondarily homonomous wings of the Mecoptera, since the hind wings of certain sawflies show dis- tinct traces of the primitive Orthopteroid anal fan, which all Mecoptera have lost—so that even on the basis of the nature of the wings, the sawflies are of a more primitive type than the Mecoptera are. As far as the immature forms are concerned, the larvae of sawflies are much more primitive than those of the Mecoptera in the nature of their head capsules and mouthparts; and the retention of a distinct episternum and epimeron in the thoracic region, together with the long, heavily chitinized (and hence more primitive) coxae, and other parts of the leg, and the more primitive type of abdomen, with jointed stylus-like cerci, etc., (which do not occur in Mecopterous larvae) all point to the larval sawflies as being much more primitive than any known Mecopterous larvae, so far as these characters are concerned. Thus the character of the adults, and most larval features, clearly indicate that the Hymenoptera (sawflies) could not possibly be derived from a Mecopterous type of insect, and what is true of the sawflies is much more so of the Coleoptera and Neuroptera which are more primitive than the sawflies them- selves! ‘Tillyard’s views in this matter are quite untenable, and the ancestral Holmetabola were doubtless Neuropteroid forms combining in themselves all of the ancestral characters retained by the primitive Hymenoptera, Neuroptera, and Coleoptera. Furthermore, the ancestors of the Holometabola were not the Protorthoptera alone, as Tillyard would maintain, since the lines of descent of the Protoblattida and Protorthoptera both parallel the Holometabola; and the Holometabola were apparently derived from the common Protorthopteran-Protoblattid stem (i. e. the “‘Prodictyoptera”) which had still retained certain Palaeodictyopterous features (certain of which are carried over into the Neuroptera as well) from their common ancestry. The lines of descent of the Holometabola are therefore shown in Fig. 6 as though branching off from the common Protorthopteran- Protoblattid stem, but for the sake of simplicity, the lines of descent of the Isopteroid, Orthopteroid, and Plecopteroid forms which cluster about the base of the Holometabolous stem are not shown in the diagram—although the line of descent of the Psocids, which parallels that of many of the Holometabola, is indicated in the figure, since the Psocids branched off from the common Protorthopteran-Protoblattid stem at the point at which the lines of descent of the Holometabola arose from this same stem. A study of other parts of the body in general, rather than the labium alone, would indicate that the Coleoptera and Neurop- tera are the lowest representatives of the Holometabola (as is 178 , PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 shown in the diagram in Fig. 6), and while the Coleoptera are very closely related to the Neuroptera, they represent a rather aberrant group whose line of descent leads off along its own path of specialization. The Hymenoptera, which occupy a position somewhat intermediate between the Trichoptera and Mecoptera on the one side, and the Coleoptera with the Neuroptera on the other, are as nearly related to the Coleoptera as to any other lower Holometabola (the lower Holometabola are the Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Hymenoptera—and possibly the Strepsiptera also—while the higher Holometabola are the Mecoptera, Dip- tera, Siphonaptera, Trichoptera and Lepidoptera) and the character of the labium would indicate that the Hymenoptera are closely related to the Coleoptera, and that the Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Neuroptera are the lowest Holometabolous types. The tendency for the palpigers (with their palpi) to become approximated mesally occurs in some lower Holometabola (Figs. 7, 8, and 9) as well as in the higher Holometabola (Figs. 10, 11 and 12), and even the tendency for the ligula to become atrophied is exhibited by some lower Holometabola (e. g. Fig. 2), while some lower Holometabola likewise exhibit a tendency for the submentum to unite with the mentum, or for the proxi- mal portions of the labium to become long and slender (as in Fig. 2), so that the principal modifications of the labium of the higher Holometabola are so to speak presaged in the lower Holometabola, which must therefore contain the same tendencies which find opportunity for fuller development in the higher Holometabola. These, and many other features have led me to believe that the usually accepted view that the Holometabola form a natural group is the correct one, despite the fact that I formerly considered that complete metamorphosis might have arisen independently, and that the Holometabola were not necessarily a natural assemblage of insects. A study of the labium of the higher Holometabola would indicate that the Diptera and Mecoptera are extremely closely related (as is indicated by many other features as well), and that the Siphonaptera are related both to the Diptera and to the Mecoptera, as is shown in Fig. 6. The Trichoptera as well as the Mecoptera have retained many features characteristic of the ancestors of the Diptera, but the labium does not show this as well as might be desired in the material which I have at my disposal, nor does the available material serve to indicate that the Trichoptera are related to the Mecoptera, and parallel the Lepidoptera extremely closely (as indicated in Fig. 6), although I am hoping to obtain the necessary Trichopterous material to fill out the series, in order to complete the study of the labrum in all of the orders of insects—which is complete save for the labium of the Trichopterous forms—and I would make use of this PROC, ENT. SOC, WASH., VOL, 25 PLATE 15 SE! 4 be 3 : § 3 COLEOPTERA MEUROPTERA PSOCLDA: MECOPTERA. HYMENOPTERA CRAMPTON—HOLOMETABOLOUS INSECTS 180 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 opportunity to ask that any one who has primitive Trichoptera preserved in fluid, would lend me the desired material long enough to make a sketch of the mouthparts of the insects in question. REFERENCES CITED IN TEXT. Crampton, 1917 A Phylogenetic Study of the Larval and Adult Head of Neuroptera, Mecoptera, Diptera and Trichoptera. Ann. Ent. Soc. America, X, p. 337. Crampton, 1921 The Sclerites of the Head, and the Mouthparts of Certain Immature and Adult Insects. Ann. Ent. Soc. America, SAIS fos Sy OTANES, 1922 Head and Mouthparts of Mecoptera. Ann. Ent. Soc. America, XV, p. 310. Peterson, 1916 Head of Diptera. IJ]. Biol. Monogr. 3, No. 2. TittyarD, 1919 The Panorpod Complex, Pt. 3. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., LV. 533! Tittyarp, 1922 Australian Blepharoceridae. Austr. Zool. II, p. 159. ABBREVIATIONS. del —Distiglossa (“‘labellum” of bee). gi —Glossa (so called in bee). gu —Gula. 4 —Ligula. lo —Lora. /p —Labial palpi (labella of Diptera). mn —Mentum. pel —Paraglossae. per.—Palpigers. pgt —Palpigeral tendons (Palpigertendons). pl —Palpal lobes (Palpilobi). pm —Prementum. sm —Submentum. EXPLANATION OF PLaTE XV. All figures depict the posterior (ventral) surface of the labium. Fig. 1—Distal portion of labium of Dipteran Edwardsina, sp. Fig. 2—Labium of Coleopteran Lycus sp. Fig. 3—Labium of Mecopteran Panorpa lugubris. Fig. 4—Distal portion of labium of Dipteran Asyndulum montanum. Fig. 5—Labium of larval Coleopteran Hydrophilus sp. Fig. 6—Lines of descent of principal Holometabolous insects. Fig. 7—Labium of Hymenopteran Bombus sp. Fig. 8—Labium of Coleopteran Rhipiphorus dimidiatus. Fig. 9—Labium of Neuropteran Nemoptera sinuata. Fig. 10—Labium of Mecopteran Bittacus sp. Fig. 11—Labium of Dipteran Empis clausa. Fig. 12—Labium of Siphonapteran (flea) Pulex serraticeps, after Boerner, 1903. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 181 TWO SERPHOID GUESTS OF ECITON ! (HYM.). By Wn. M. Mann, Bureau of Entomology. Among a large series of Ecitophiles taken along the Rio Beni in Bolivia are two Serphoids. One of them is a known species, the other appears new and a description follows. Notoxopria cornuta, new species. Female —(Fig. la.) Length 3 mm. Color brownish red, gaster, antennae and tibiae darker; moderately shining; thorax, abdomen and legs reticulately punctate; head smooth and more shining. Pilosity moderately abundant, yellow, long and erect on body, shorter and oblique on legs and scape, much shorter on funiculus. Head in profile a little longer than deep; seen from above suboval, surface evenly convex except for a setose tubercle near the hind margin of eye; front strongly oblique and flattened; antennal fossa margined, the anterior margin projected as triangular tooth at middle, the posterior border with three shorter, blunt triangular teeth. Ocelli large, rather prominent, arranged in a triangle. Eyes convex, nearly as long as cheeks. Antennal scapes longer than head; second funicular joint nearly as long as first and third together; joints 4-10 gradually decreasing in length, the 10th one and one-half times as broad as long; terminal joint much shorter than the two preceding together. Pronotum projected obliquely over the head as a cylindrical horn, longer than high and strongly, vertically excised on its apical surface. Mesonotum truncate behind, narrowly rounded in front, its surface feebly convex, except near sides of basal half where it is feebly impressed. Scutellum convex, its posterior border Fic. 1.—Notoxopria cornuta, new species. a.—Female from side. b.—Petiole of male. broadly concave. Metanotum in profile convex, a little longer than high, margined along posterior border, the margins terminating in short, triangular teeth. Petiole from above narrow in front, with nearly parallel sides for five- eighths its length, then impressed and behind the impression enlarged, the 1Results of the Mulford Biological Exploration. Entomology. 182 PROC, ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 posterior portion with subconical sides; in profile about three times as long as broad, slightly thickened posteriorly, then constricted, nearly straight above, convex behind middle beneath. Abdomen shorter than thorax, pointed behind. Legs long, femora moderately enlarged apically; intermediate coxae with a small, acute spine on ventral surface. Male.—(Fig. 1-b.) Differing from the female in having the gaster deeper, more narrowly rounded beneath and with the first ventral segment rather strongly and broadly impressed at middle. The petiole is entirely different, divided by a strong impression into two portions, the anterior of which in pro- file is slightly shorter than the other and set on a lower plane, convex beneath and straight above; from above, very small, triangular, narrowest posteriorly; the posterior portion in profile is slightly higher than long, rounded above, con- cave beneath, with a rather strong diagonal margin separating the upper and lower portions; from above it is four times as broad as the anterior portion, twice as broad as long, with the anterior border nearly straight, sides strongly and posterior border broadly rounded. Cavinas, Beni, Bolivia (Type locality); Tumtpasa. Host.—Eciton legionis F. Smith subsp. crenulatum Mann. Type and Allotype—Cat. No. 26483 U.S. N. M. This species differs from N. rufa Kieff., described from Mar- capata, Peru, with no note to indicate myrmecophilous habit, in the entire absence of wings. Kieffer had before him only speci- mens with elongate petfole which he considered females, and I am following him in this. One specimen was taken from each of two colonies and twenty of both sexes from a third. Like the following species, NV. cor- nuta runs in the ant column, apparently in frantic haste, and I did not observe the ants pay any attention to it. One may assume that both are parasitic on the ant larvae. Mimopria ecitophila Holmgren. Rio Beni, Bolivia. Rurrembaque, Little Rio Negro, Cavinas, Cachuela Esperanza. Host-——Eciton hamatum Linn. This seems to be usual in the files of hamatum, never abundant in a single column, but to be found in nearly every one examined. It has now been recorded from Peru, Bolivia and Brazil and probably extends throughout the range of its host. TWO NEW CONOTRACHELUS FROM TROPICAL FRUITS. (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE.) By H. S. BarsBer. Quantities of fallen fruit of aguacate or avocado, Persea persea (Linn.) Ckll. lying on the ground under the trees at Huascata (near Yurecuaro, about 70 miles east of Guadalajara), Jalisco, Mexico, in May, 1923, were found by Dr. Wm. M PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 183 Mann to contain large numbers of rhynchophorous larvae. He reported the fruit as “‘badly infested by weevils which have destroyed a large percentage of this year’s crop” and took a sample of larvae from the fruit, placing them alive in earth, in an earthen pot which he handed to the writer on his return to ‘Washington. Sixteen adults of an apparently undescribed species of Conotrachelus issued during the summer, and the resulting specimens, although allied to C. perseae and serpen- tinus, considered in a former paper by the writer, 1919 (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. vol. 21, pp. 55-58), display very distinctive characters. These three species breeding i in the fruit of Persea Spp. are externally similar and although readily distinguishable on secondary sexual characters supported by habitus and locality data, might be considered as varieties, except that the aedeagi are so different in form that even were habitat and sex stimuli to permit the attempt, cross-matings would appear to be mechanically prohibited. The aedeagi of the three species are here 'shown;—aguacatae n. sp. (type) from Jalisco, serpentinus ee from Cuba, and perseae Barber (type) from Guate- mala. AGUACATAE NEW SPECIES SERPENTINUS BOHEMAN PERSEAE SarceR Fic. 1.—Aedeagi of Conotrachelus in Persea spp. While attempting to identify these specimens with species already described, two specimens of a beautiful species of the same genus were submitted for determination, with the informa- tion that they had been reared from larvae boring galleries in the flesh around the seed of the sapodilla or “‘zapote,”” Achras sapote Linn., causing considerable damage and rendering the fruit worthless for market. Prof. Stephen C. Bruner, who reared the specimens, stated further that they had thus far been found at only one place, near Havana, Cuba, that the species is not represented in the Gundlach Collection nor previously in the 184 PROC, ENT, SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 collection of the Estacion Experimental Agronomica and that it is the only insect of real economic importance known to him as attacking the sapodilla in Cuba. This may indicate recent introduction from another island or from the mainland but the unsatisfactory condition of the literature on South American weevils precludes its identification at present other than by here considering it as new and it is described below as Cono- trachelus sapotae n. sp. Conotrachelus aguacatae, n. sp. Narrowly elongate, castaneous the pronotum darker, shining, sparsely coarsely punctate with coarse decumbent fulvous to ochreous hairy vestiture of slightly uneven density on elytra; alternate elytral intervals feebly costate; femora obsoletely annulate. Pronotum subconical, more than three-fourths as long as wide, five-eighths as wide in front as at base, sides feebly arcuate, median carina not strongly expressed. Elytra widest at humeri, two-thirds as wide as long, sides nearly straight and strongly convergent posteriorly to apical fourth, humeri obtusely, sub-angulately rounded; strial punctures large, remote, the suture elevated and the 2d, 4th and 6th interstices costate. o&'; Hook on apex of anterior tibiae small, simple, concealed in tuft of short hair; rostrum passing middle coxae, pubescent in basal two-thirds, antennae inserted at apical fifth; metasternum tumid laterally, strongly impressed between hind coxae and with oblique carinae connecting meso- and metacoxae; last abdominal sternite broadly shallowly impressed at middle; aedeagus with thin, narrow, very strongly recurved apical process. (Fig. 1.) 9; Rostrum scarcely longer than in the male, with scaly vestiture in basal half, antennae inserted at apical fourth. Length 5.5-6.3 mm., width 2.6-3 mm.; rostrum 1.6-1.9 mm. Type, allotype and paratypes no. 26583 U. S. N. M. Described from twelve mounted specimens reared by the writer from larvae in young avocado fruit collected at Huascata, Jalisco, Mexico, by W. M. Mann in May, 1923, five other tenerel or decayed specimens from the same lot being preserved in alcohol with larvae and pupae. This species is very closely related to C. perseae Barber 1919, but differs in being smaller, relatively narrower, with much sparser vestiture and coarser sculpture, in the absence of the peculiar impression of the metasternum with its concomitant peculiar, arcuate ridge along its posterior margin and most strikingly in the shape of the produced and recurved apex of the aedeagus as shown in the figure. The basal tooth on the inner surface of the tarsal claws is shorter and stouter in aguacatae, and the hind femora less incrassate than in perseae or serpentinus although the femoral teeth are similar. Conoirachelus sapotae, n. sp. Elongate oval; sub-opaque; dark castaneus; densely clothed with fine, appressed scale-like vestiture mostly white in color, but with areas of rose-red PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 185 squamae forming conspicuous red spots on sides of pronotum in front, on elytral disc (produced sub-basally to humeri and posteriorly to beyond middle of elytra occupying median third in width) a conspicuous small red area nearly surrounded by a denuded area near apices of elytra and a red patch on femora at apical fourth, vestiture absent in small basal area below humeri and at sides of elytra in median half of length below humeral costa, the white scales narrower and less densely placed in median third of pronotum. Pronotum widest at middle, sides strongly arcuate, posteriorly-parallel (o) or slightly convergent ( @ ), anteriorly strongly convergent; median carina shining and conspicuous in anterior two- thirds. Elytra widest at humeri which are not prominent but only obtuse- angulate, sides parallel in basal third, evenly rounded posteriorly; striae very feebly impressed, the 2d, 4th and 6th insterstices obsoletely tuberculate. Meso- sternum very prominent, produced anteriorly into a transverse subconical lobe and clothed with numerous white hairs. Metasternum not impressed at middle, posteriorly prominent before hind trochanters, sparsely foveolate, with short white scale-like hairs, abdominal segments finely, shallowly punctate with fine sparse white scales. Tarsal claws small, simple. o'; Rostrum passing middie coxae, strongly punctate, the punctures forming striae on each side of basal median carina and supporting fine white hairs to beyond middle; antennae inserted two-fifths from apex; basal abdominal seg- ments shorter and more deeply impressed at joints. @; Rostrum moderately curved, reaching Ist abdominal segment, round, shining, sparsely punctulate, without hairs at base; antennae inserted at middle. Length & 5.7, 9 5.5-6.1 mm.; width o 2.9, 9 2.7-3.1 mm.; rostrum 62.4, 9 2.4-2.8 mm. Type and allotype and one 9 paratype no. 26584 U.S. N. M. Two female paratypes returned to S. C. Brunner. Described from five specimens reared by Mr. S. C. Brunner at Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, from larvae boring tunnels through the flesh of Achras sapota Linn., on a farm near San Miguel del Padrén, Habana Province. In the largest female irregular small areas of red scales are scattered in the white scale area in basal three-fifths of elytra. TYPES OF TWO CHALCID-FLIES MISIDENTIFIED. By A. B. Ganan, Bureau of Entomology. It is desired herewith to correct two unfortunate instances of erroneous synonymy published by the writer. In both instances the errors were directly due to misidentification of type speci- mens. . tf) In Proc: Ent. Soc..Washi, vol: 20; 1918, p;66;.a note regarding the genus Propachyneuronia Girault was published in which the statement was made that the genotype species, Encyrtus siphonophorae Ashmead, was a composite species and that the true type was an Encyrtid belonging to the genus 186 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 A phidencyrtus where Ashmead had later placed it, instead of a Pachyneurine as Girault had stated. This conclusion was based on specimens in the national collec- tion bearing the type number 4860 which is the number assigned to the species in the type book, (not 4761 as recorded by Ash- mead, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. XII, 1900, p. 399). These specimens were naturally taken to be the actual types without further verification and since they certainly belonged to Aphidencyrtus the conclusion was drawn that Girault had been mistaken in the identity of the type specimens. Unfortunately I failed to take account of the fact that the specimens bearing the type number also bore a folded label stating that they had been reared at “Washington, D. C., Aug. 15 and 22, 1894, from Siphonophora liriodendri,” ‘and thus were shown to have been reared eight years subsequent to publication of the description ‘and were from a different host and locality from that stated for the types in the original description. In the light of this label it is obvious that these specimens can not be the types. Girault in 1915 (Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. VIII, p. 283) where he synonymized Aphidencyrtus aphidiphagus Ashmead and: A. stphonophorae Ashmead, evidently fell into the same error of accepting these specimens as types, a fact which he does not mention in his later treatment of the species. The specimens upon which Girault based his later (1917) identification of the species and which formed the basis for his genus Propachyneuronia are labelled “‘Pachyneuron siphono- phorae Ashmead” in Ashmead’s handwriting with the name ‘““ Encyrtus,’’ also in Ashmead’s hand, written in one corner of the label and are from Jacksonville, Fla. The collection apparently contains no other specimens which could be the types and since these specimens fit Ashmead’s description 1t seems certain that they are the actual types of Encyrtus siphonophorae and they have been so labelled. In view of the foregoing the synonymy indicated in my previous note requires correction. Also it becomes necessary to amend to some extent the synonymy as given in the recently published list of type species of the genera of Chalcidoidea by Gahan and Fagan (U. S. Nat. Mus. Bul. 124, 1923, pp. 14 and 121). Encyrtus aphidiphagus Ashmead and Encyrtus siphono- phorae Ashmead are not the same species and therefore 7phiden- cyrtus Ashmead and Propachyneuronia Girault are not isogeno- typic, the latter genus being instead a synonym of Pachyneuron Walker in the opinion of the writer. The corrected synonymy is as follows: Pachyneuron Walker. Pachyneuron Walker, Ent. Mag., vol. I, 1833, pp. 371 and 380. Propachyneuronia Girault, Psyche, vol. XXIV, 1917, p. 102. PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 187 Propachyneuronia (Girault) Gahan and Fagan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bui. 124, p. 121. Pachyneuron siphonophorae (Ashmead). (Eupelmus) Encyrtus siphonophorae Ashmead, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. XIII, 1886, p. 131. Pachyneuron aphidivora Ashmead, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Ent., Bul. 14, 1887, p. 14. Pachyneuron maidaphidis Ashmead, Fla. Agr. College Bul. 2, 1888, p. 23. Pachyneuron micans Howard, Insect Life, vol. II, 1890, p. 247; fig. 51. Aphidencyrtus siphonophorae Ashmead, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. XII, 1900, pe 399: Propachyneuronia siphonophorae Girault, Psyche, vol. XXIV, 1917, p. 102. Genus Aphidencyrtus Ashmead. Aphidencyrtus Ashmead, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. XII, 1900, pp. 340 and 398. Propachyneuron Gahan, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. 20, 1918, p. 66; Gahan and Fagan, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bul. 124, 1923, pp. 14, 120 and 121. (Misidentifi- cation of Propachyneuronia Girault.) Aphidencyrtus aphidiphagus Ashmead. Encyrtus aphidiphagus Ashmead, U. S. Dept. Agri. Div. Ent., Bul. 14, 1887, p. 14. Aphidencyrtus aphidiphagus Ashmead, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. XII, 1900, (Bh SESE Aphidencyrtus siphonophorae Girault (not Ashmead), Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., wel, VIIT, 1915, p: 283. Aphidencyrtus siphonophoraz Gahan (not Ashmead), Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. XX, 1918, p. 66. (Encyrtus) Aphidencyrtus siphonophorae Gahan and Fagan (not Ashmead), U. S. Nat. Mus: Bul. 124, 1923, p. 14. NE Sin 1920: (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash, vol. 22; 9.1239) (CPrer- omalus) Meraporus calandrae Howard was listed by me as a synonym of Lariophagus distinguendus (Foerster) the conclusion being based upon specimens in the national collection bearing the name label and at that time supposed to be the types. Fol- lowing this publication Mr. James Waterston of the British Museum in correspondence and later in his “Report on Para- sitic Hymenoptera Bred from Pests of Stored Grain” called attention to certain particulars in which Howard’s original de- scription of calandrae failed to agree with distinguendus. A care- ful checking up of the type was accordingly undertaken with the result that a pin from which the specimen had disappeared but which bore the label “ Pteromalus calandrae Howard, MS, from Calandra orizae, Aug. 11, 1880,” and the type label No. 2743 was discovered misplaced in the collection. There can be no doubt that this pin originally carried the type specimen of Pteromalus calandrae Howard which was described from a single male and that the specimen which I previously considered to be 188 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 the type was not that. The actual type specimen has com- pletely disappeared as already indicated. The original descrip- tion must, therefore, be depended upon to fix the identity of calandrae Howard. This description agrees in every detail with certain male specimens of Aplastomorpha vandinei Tucker, a species which, like calandrae, was originally recorded from Texas as a parasite of Calandra oryzae. There appears no reason to doubt that calandrae Howard and vandinei Tucker are the same species. The former name is the older and should have precedence. The corrected synonymy is as follows: Aplastomorpha calandrae (Howard). Pteromalus calandrae Howard, Rept. U. S. Dept. Agri., 1880-1881, p. 273. Meraporus calandrae Ashmead, in Smith’s Ins. N. J., 1900, p. 558. Meraporus calandrae Pierce, Jr. Econ. Ent., vol. I, 1908, p. 384. Meraporus vandinei Tucker, Can. Ent., vol. 42, 1910, p. 343. Aplastomorpha pratti Crawford, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 47, 1913, p. 252. Neocatolaccus australiensis Girault, Mem. Queensl. Mus., vol. II, 1913, p. 306. Aplastomorpha australiensis Girault, Mem. Queensl. Mus., vol. IIT, 1915, p. 313. Neocatolaccus vandinei Girault, Ins. Ins. Mens., vol. 5, 1917, p. 152. ?Pteromalus calandrae Bridwell, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc., vol. III, 1917, p. 488. Neocatolaccus vandinei Girault, Treubia, vol. I, 1919, p. 59. ?Pteromalus calandrae Bridwell, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc., vol. IV, 1919, p. 19. Meraporus vandinei Gahan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 56, 1919, p. 523. Meraporus calandrae Doane, Jr. Econ. Ent., vol. 12, 1919, p. 312. Aplastomorpha vandinei Gahan, Proc. Ent. Soe Wash., vol. 22, 1920, p. 239. Aplastomorpha vandinei Waterston, 9th Rept. Grain Pests Com., 192 spams (Royal Soc. Lond.) THE RASPBERRY CANE APHID (HOM.). By P. W. Mason, U. S. Bureau of Entomology. This description was first prepared for a monograph of the Genus Amphorophora, and tables of measurements and drawings will appear in that monograph. In view of the increasing interest in the raspberry aphids and their possible relation to the transmission of mosaic, it is thought advisable to publish an account of this species in advance of the monograph. The species is commonly known as the cane aphid, in dis- tinction to Amphorophora rubi Kalt. which is found on the leaves. It seems to be rather common on this continent and has no doubt often been confused with rudz Kalt. As far as is known it 1s not found in Europe, the type continent of rudi Kalt. It is distinguished from rub Kalt., by the sensoria on anten- nal segments IV and V of the alate, by the larger number of sensoria on segment III in both the ‘alate and apterous forms, PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 189 by the shorter cornicles and by the smaller number of hairs on the cauda. This is the species which Gillette had when he wrote (Jl. Ec. Ent. IV, 1911, p. 381) ““A very similar species taken by Mr. Bragg at Lawrence, Kansas, differs by having cornicles decidedly shorter and having joint 4 of the antenna in the alate viviparae well set with sensoria.”’ Dr. Gillette kindly lent me this slide for study. Amphorophora sensoriata, n. sp. Alate Viviparous Female.—Antennae longer than body, dark colored, imbri- cated, hairs inconspicuous, much shorter than width of segments. Average length of segments; III 1.066 mm., IV 0.808 mm., V, 0.544 mm., VI 0.177 +0.9424 mm. The sensoria range on III from 49 to 82, on IV from 20:to 47, on V from 0 to 5. Antennal tubercles large. Beak short, in some specimens not reaching the second coxae. Average width of head across eyes 0.521 mm. Cornicles fairly long, moderately swollen, the tips imbricated but not reticulated. Average measurements: length 0.540 mm., widest diameter 0.072 mm.; smallest diameter 0.040 mm.; flange 0.048 mm. Average length of cauda 0.272 mm.; broad, not constricted, with about three sets of lateral hairs. The following color notes were made by Pergande from the specimens which are made the type of the species: “Color of abdomen of migrant light to dark bluish green and highly polished; head and thoracic and sternal plate yellowish brown, the sutures of the lobes more or less black; disk of prothorax very pale brownish, darkest along its posterior margin; eyes reddish brown; ocelli bordered with black at inner margin; antennae black; legs black, the femora brownish yellow at base; nectaries black, greenish at base; tail greenish, or yellowish green; wings colorless, subcosta brown or yellowish brown, stigma dusky, veins black, those of stigmal vein and branches of third slightly clouded at tip.” Apterous viviparous Female.—Antennae about a third longer than the body, imbricated, the hairs inconspicuous, much shorter than the width of the seg- ments, segment III with a row of 23 to 34 sensoria, other segments without secondary sensoria. Average measurements of segments, III 1.104 mm., IV 0.826 mm., V 0.564 mm., VI 0.178 + 0.876 mm. Antennal tubercles large. Beak reaching about to second coxae. Average width of head across eyes 0.530 mm. Cornicles moderately long, plainly swollen, the tip imbricated, but not reticulated. Average measurements: length 0.598 mm., widest diameter 0.082 mm., smallest diameter 0.040 mm., flange 0.048 mm. Average length of cauda 0.288 mm., broad, conical, not constricted, with about three sets of lateral hairs. Pergande left the following color notes of the type specimen. “Apterous female pale bluish green; antennae black, the two basal joints and front edge of head brownish yellow, eyes brown, legs yellowish brown, the base of femora very pale bluish green; nectaries dusky, paler at base, tail of color of body.” Intermediate.—Similar to other forms, except for very small wings, larger on left side, and for the number of sensoria, segment III having 37 on one side and 39 on the other, IV having 5 on each antenna. No ocelli present. Average 190 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 25, NO. 9, DEC., 1923 measurements: III, 1.152 mm., IV 0.880 mm., V 0.552 mm., VI 0.192 + 0.808 mm., width of head across eyes 0.496 mm., length of cornicles 0.640 mm., widest diameter 0.080 mm., smallest diameter 0.040 mm., flange 0.048 mm., cauda 0.036 mm. Described from nine alate females, five apterous and one intermediate vivipara. Distribution.—Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Dis- . trict of Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia, Ohio, Kansas and Minnesota. Host.—Rubus. Type.—Deposited in the U. S. National Museum No. 26379. Cotype slides in the National Museum and in the collection of Dr. Thos. L. Guyton. Biology. I have found this species sparingly on the stems of raspberry, never on the leaves. It sometimes is down very close to the ground. Pergande says in his notes “‘“Found on stems of Rubus, which they sometimes covered for a distance of several inches. Drop readily, if disturbed.” I have examined speci- mens taken June 26, 1903, in Virginia (type); July 11, 1903, in Minnesota, June 30, 1905, in the District of Columbia, July 10, 1919, in West Virginia, June 20, 1920, in Pennsylvania, Sept. 20, 1921, in Maryland and Sept. 13, in Massachusetts. It will be observed from this that there are no records for the latter part of July, August and the first part of September. The species may migrate to an alternate host during this time although it is probable that at least a few remain on Rudus throughout the year. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1911—Gillette, Jour. Ec. Ent. IV, p. 381. A CHANGE OF NAME IN BUPRESTIDAE. By W. S. FisHer, Bureau of Entomology. In the (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 62, 1922, Art. 8, pp. 4-5) I described a species of this family under the name of Trachys cyanipennis, but find that I previously used this same name for a species of this genus from the Philippine Islands (Philip. Jour. Sci., vol. 18, 1921, pp. 429-430). This error was caused by not having a copy of my manuscript when my later paper was written, therefore I would propose the new name Trachys panamaensis for the species from Panama. Actual date of publication, Fanuary 25, 1924. INDEX TO Acantoscelides griseolus Fall, Host-plant and Habits of, 79. Aculeate Hymenoptera, new to the U. S., 96. Address of the President: The Role of the Tax- onomist in present day Entomology, 69. Agar, Rearing dipterous larvae on nutrient, 103 Aupricu, J. M.: A new parasitic fly bred from the Bean beetle, 95; The present status of Coquillett’s Hypochaeta longicornis Schiner, 161. Amalus haemorrhous Hbst. in the U. S., 79. Amphorophora sensoriata, n. sp., 189. Ancylis comptana, 168. ' Anoplotermes parvus, n. sp., 130. Anthemoésa, Key to certain nearctic species, 101; bomboides, 102; raui, n. sp., 100 Anthophora (Anthemoéssa) raui, n. sp., 100. Sa synonymy of, 187; aphidipha- gus, 187. Aplastomorpha calandrae, synonymy of, 188. Aspidiotus hederae, 125; latastei, 125. ee maiorina, n. sp., 105; priapeia, n. sp., Barser, H. S., Two new conotrachelus from Tropical Fruits, 182. Bean beetle, A new parasitic fly bred from, 95. Bibio, Descriptions of new from the Carolinas, 62; afer, n. sp., 63; alienus, n. sp., 62; rufi- thorax, n. sp., 62; velorum, n. sp., 63. Bibionidae of the District of Columbia, 81. Blera (Criorhina) umbratilis, puparium of, 88. Brachypalpus rileyi, larva and pupa of, 85. Braconidae, A new subfamily: of, from Termite nests, 54. Bripwe t, J. C.: The host-plant and habits of Acanthoscelides griseolus Fall, 79 Bucuanan, L. L.: The European Amalus hae- morrhous Hbst. in the United States, 79. Callicore ducei, n. sp., 162. Camptoprosopella maculipennis, n. sp., 47. Carpocapsa erotella, n. sp., 121 Caupe tt, A new species of Zoraptera from Bolivia, 60; Corrections, 104. Poe as distinguished from Elateridae, Ceratinia coeno angustior, n. subsp., 162. Ceromasia, see Masicera, 104. Ceromasia senilis, Description of larva, 36; of imago, 35; biology of, 38. Chaetophlepsis tarsalis Towns., 161. CHITTENDEN, F. H.: Notes on the distribution aad habits of North American Phyllotreta, 131 Chlorotettix dentatus, n. sp., 154. Se ace Midge, An Eulophid parasite of, 65. Chrysomphalus aonidum, 126; dictyospermi var. pinnulifera, 126; paulistis, 126. Chrysotoxum pubescens, larva and pupa of, 84. Coccidae from Argentine, Report II, 122. CockereELL, T. D. A., and Wn. Scuaus: Three new forms of Rhopalocera and a new Geo- metrid moth from Madeira, 162. Colombia, Three new forms of Rhopalocera from, 162. Conotrachelus aguacatae, n. sp., 184; perseae, 183; sapotae, n. sp., 184; serpentinus, 183. Corrections, 104. VOLUME 25 Cosymbia lilacinipes, n. sp., 163. Crampton, G. C.: A comparison of the labium in certain Holometabolous insects from the standpoint of Phylogeny, 171. Criorhina pictipes,~pupa of, 87; umbratilis, puparium of, 88. Ctenolepisma reducta, n. sp., 170. Cusuan, R. A.: A new subfamily of Braconi- dae from Termite nests, 54. Deceia, n. gen., 49; wetmorei, n. sp., 49. DeLonec, D. M., and J. G. Sanpers: Nine new species of Cicadellidae from the U. S. and Canada, 151. Diarthronomyia hypogaea, parasitized by an Eulophid, 65. Didineis stebensi, n. sp., 98. Diptera, Contribution to the biology of North America, 82. Dipterous larvae reared on nutrient Agar, 103. District of Columbia, Bibionidae of, 81. Dorycephalus knulli, n. sp., 151. ee as distinguished from Cebrionidae, Encyrtidae of the Iberian peninsula, Mercet’s work on, 57. Endothenia infuscata, n. sp., 109. Intomological publications of the U.S. Gov- ernment, 1. Epicrossocerus raui, n. sp., 99. Episimus tyrius, n. sp., 107. European corn borer parasitized by Masicera senilis, 33. Eusapromyza, n. gen., 51; multipunctata, 52. Euscelis divaricatus, n. sp., 151 Ixartema, Grouping of species upon male geni- talia characters, 109; brunneo-purpuratum, n. sp., 118; cornanum, n. sp., 112; electro- fuscum, n. sp., 110; mediopartitum, n. sp., 113; melanomesum, n. sp., 119; nigranum, n. sp., 115; ochrosuffusanum, n. sp., 117; quebecense, n. sp., 119; sciotanum, n. sp., te subnubilum, n. sp., 110; tilianum, n. sp., Fisoer, W.S.: A change of name in Bu- prestidae, 190. Forsom, J. W.: A new Lepismid from Porto Rico, 170 Fouts, Ropert: Description of a new Serphoid parasite, 64. Gauay, A. B.: Annual address of the President, The Role of the Taxonomist in present day Entomology, 69; An Eulophid parasite of the Chrysanthemum Midge, 65; Types of two Chalcid-flies misidentified, 185. Geometrid moth, A new from Madeira, 162. Glyptotermes corniceps, n. sp., 92. Greene, Cuartes T.: The immature stages of Hydrophorus agalma Wheeler, 66; A con- tribution to the biology of N. A. Diptera, 82; The larva and pupa of Microdon mega- aaah 140; A new species of Volucella, Hamet, C. C.: Distribution record on Macro- noctua onusta Grote, 141. Heinricn, Cari: New Olethreutidae from eastern U. S. 105. Helicopis medialis, n. sp., 163. st ceeds insects, comparison of labium, 19] 192 Hydrophorus agalma, Immature stages of, 66. Hymenoptera, New Aculeate from the U. S., 96 Hypochaeta longicornis (Schiner) Coquillett, Present status of, 161. Hystop, J. A.: The present status of the Cole- opterous family Plastoceridae, 156. Inostemma leguminicolae, n. sp., 64. Lecanium viticis, n. sp., 123. Lepismid, A new from Porto Rico, 170. Leucaspis pusilla, 125. Lonchaea arkansensis, n. sp., 45; atritarsis, n. sp., 47; coloradensis, n. sp., 46; occiden- tallis, n. sp., 46; subpolita, Nn. Sp., 45 Lonchaeidae, Some new species of, 45. Macrocentrus ancylivora, n. sp., 168. Macronoctua onusta Grote, Distribution record of, 141. Madeira, A new Geometrid from, 162. Mattocu, J. R.: Some new genera and species of Lonchaeidae and Sapromyzidae, 45. MNS: Ws. M.: Two serphoid guests of Eciton, 181 Masicera senilis, a parasite of the European Corn Borer, 33. Mason, P. W.: The Raspberry Cane Aphid, 188. McAreE, W. L.: Descriptions of Bibio from the Carolinas, 62; District of Columbia Bibioni- dae, 81; Tingitoidae of the vicinity of Wash- ington, D. C., 143. Megachile cockerelli, n. sp., 102. Melanomyza, n. subgen., 50; incongrua, n. sp., ae intermedia, n. sp., 50; scutellata, n. sp., 1. Mercet’s work on Encyrtidae of Iberian pen- insula, 57. Microdon coarctatus, Larva and pupa of, 82; megalogaster, larva and pupa of, 140. Mimopria ecitophila, 182. Minettia americana, n. sp., 535 Mirotermes panamaensis, n. sp., 129. Morrison, Harotp: A report on a collection of Coccidae from Argentine, II, 122 Myiolepta nigra, puparium of, 87. Nitela virginensis, n. sp., 100. Notoxopria cornuta, n. sp., 181. Nysson (Brachystegus) hoplisivora, n. sp., 96. Ole necutigae from the eastern United States, 10 Orthognathotermes wheeleri, n. sp., 129. Pachyneuron, synonymy of, 186; siphono- phorae, Pammene felicitana, n. sp., 120. Paradexodes epilachnae, n. sp., 95. Phlepsius hemicolor, n. sp., 152: marmor, 0. sp., 152; palustris, n. sp., 153. Phyllotreta, Notes on the distribution and habits of North American, 131; aeneicollis, 136; armoraciae, 139; bipustulata, 135; lewisii, 139; liebecki, 135; oregonensis, 135; pusilla, 136; sinuata, 132; undulata, 134; vittata, 133; vittata discedens, 133; zimmer- mannii, 132. Plastoceridae, The present status of the family, Polychrosis spiraeiforiana, n. sp., 106. _ Pyrausta nubilalis parasitized by Masicera senilis, 33 INDEX Rouwer, S. A.: New aculeate Hymenoptera from the U. S., 96; A new Macrocentrus reared from the Strawberry Leaf-roller, 168. Rhopalocera, Three new forms from Colombia, 164; mochisa, n. sp., Sanpers, J. G., and D. M. DeLone: Nine new species of Cicadellidae from the U. S. and Canada, Sapromyza fusciventris, n. sp., 53; obtusila- mellata, n. sp., 52; pictiventris, n. sp., 52. Sapromyzidae, Some new genera and species, Saccharophagos, n. gen., 164 Sapromyzosoma, n. gen., 51; citreifrons, 51. Scuaus, Wm.: A new genus and species of Moth of economic interest in the URS: National Museum, 164. Scuaus, Wn., and T. D. A. CocxereELt: Three new forms of Rhopalocera from Colombia, and a new Geometrid from Madeira, 162. Sereda, n. gen., 121. Serphoid parasite, Description of a new, 64. SHannon, R. C.: Rearing dipterous larvae on nutrient Agar, 103; non-human host records of Wohlfahrtia, 142. Silver Maple Tip Worm, 108. Snyper, Tuos. E.: A new Glyptotermes from Porto Rico, 89; Three new Termites from the Canal Zone, Panama, 126. Stigmus fraternus raui, n. subsp., 100. Strawberry Leaf-roller parasitized by Macro- centrus ancylivora, 168. Tachysphex dakotensis, n. sp., 98. Taxonomist, The Role of, in present day Ento- mology, 69. Termites, Three new from the Canal Zone, Panama, 126. Tetrastichus diarthronomyiae, n. sp., 65. Thamnotettix albovenosus, n. sp., 153; bisig- natus, n. sp., 154; taxodii, n. sp., 154. Tuompson, W. R., and M. C. THompson: Masi- cera senilis, a parasite of the European Corn Borer, 33. TIMBERLAKE, P. H.: Review of Mercet’s work on the Eucyrtidae of the Iberian pensinula, Tingitoidea of the vicinity of Washington, Trachys panamaensis, n. name, 190. Trigonometopus, Key to species, 48; immacu- lipennis, n. sp., 48. Trivialia, n. subgen., 53; fuscocapitata, n. sp., 53 Volucella nigra, n. sp., 165. Wape, J. S.: On entomological publications of the United States Government, 1. Wohlfahrtia, Non-human host records, 142. Xenochaetina, n. gen., 49; Key to species, 49; crassimana, n. sp., 49; pallida, n. sp., yet bicolor, puparium of, 86; pigra, pupa of, Ypsistocerinae, n. subfam., 54. Ypsistocerus, n. gen., 54; manni, n. sp., 58; vestigialis, n. sp., 55. Zoraptera, A new ‘species from Bolivia, 60. Zorotypus manni, n. sp., 60, 104. a, ny ry fli am R i) ie 8 vey A ’ ay ‘3 , hy ata ahs” one Heaevi han aiid DROME Tacs rand Mogan Lone ik aa Ls We , Sigel iv: rear a old uy eouied OW ms TE Ee ee a erg. Fee ae, SR nen Raetyhst ire v4 ee te Cre), he HE OTL RE IY Arey sue aay | ie wie mee ns ott wrk, «hy Oe ieee hy; ae Par ; ; . Ns races An atte! BT Bink ke i eae writs Uk eh Rs y, cao tay 4s ae jae f2" RIPEN) 2 take ity * A . pn ee ae“ - Seite Ce itd. ie ee te ag Te) PA ek fe fae an Unt ae Ae eR aa Beatie Be A ace os Nt, TA Seehel pai a ne ewer m (NG TVD GY Oe Ae nian ty every Wil ist Et +19 ASiatk ef Ot heh isliive ie ele Laair Cs ei Ah eee his “fe Lpeerie iA aes et Vets: eden. eAet f ees]: greatest oan Ob ea Stat a) - htt Oh yea ‘ony we a DRY - me ail) ds ae whi Ce tras 1 i 4 Wane Rit, RL ORT 7712184 hgh 4: Gh) Pv Te eet by Bee) pias at ert> me aie Pyare ian res efi ae hee ME seated: end fe eat uk Rona tal ae Hh ow Pie Al et NW): patie Yar’ ry san iie Ye ee wlan A Ka oon of Pa DS. ‘ af me Betis j a ; dap eile as oy gels Sed LIT haat wii tar tts wats a Da rie Pal? ee weiss: vl] A , ee Fy i ee 2) fae J a ee ee v4 arer'any a) favor ts 5 rat is Ie ease ne , . Areal Fak RVI TRS! Ree ge Waen ie, he MA Hie eet KOA ee an ae os ee er is got aie Tee hon pal f rt i as af em ale ; done Syeetin ta ees cleat va" “hs ; wh BAe cay Vari wart ys 5 ey ma Se HoaAd yo elves} bavi ol atta Ae errr eyed) en , ee NOTES AND NEWS ITEMS. A very good collection of immature stages of beetles is in the possession of the National Museum. It contains the larvae of about 1700 different species. 600 of these belong to the Euro- pean fauna, the balance mainly to our own. In scientific value and in size it surpasses all similar collections in Europe or else- where. According to the Meinert Catalogue, published in 1894, the famous collection of immature stages in the Zoological Museum of Copenhagen contained at that time, only 748 differ- ent species of which 528 were from Denmark. To illustrate the approximate number of North American genera by which several of the main families are represented in the National Museum, the following two examples may be given: Of the family Cerambyci- dae we have 126 genera and of the family Elateridae 37. Respec- tively 48% and 65% of the total number. While there are a few large oeiliess such as the Staphylinidae in which the number of reared larvae is insignificant, there are several small families such as the Cicindelidae, Colydiidae, Bothrideridae, Phengodi- dae, Lampyridae and Cleridae which are very well represented. It is worth emphasizing that the museum has larvae of every one of the North American families, even the very important and rare larvae of such families as the Cupesidae, Micromalthidae, Amphizoidae, Hydroscaphidae, Rhysodidae, Plastoceridae and Sandalidae. A series of slides, showing anatomical characters used in the classification, supplements the collection of immature stages preserved in toto in alcohol or other media. The slide- collection consists at present of nearly 450 slides with dissections from representatives of most families. —A. G. Boving. Entomologists will find many helpful suggestions in the re- cent book by Doctors Hall and Clements dealing with North American plants of the genera Artemisia, Chrysothamnus, and Atriplex, published under the general title “The Phylogenetic Method in Taxonomy”, as Publication No. 326, of the Carne- gie Institution of Washington, issued July, 1923. " Hy S-49z-/ * = ——eae eee, SF OTC py piel tT A EVOS | . ‘Will i 3 9088 0