m PROCEEDINGS OF THE Hax^aiian Entomological Socieb? VOLUME NUMBER FOUR 1918-1920 HONOLULU, T. H. PROCEEDINGS OF THE HAWAIIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY INDEX TO VOLUAIE IV (* Indicates genera, species, etc., new to science.) INDEX TO AUTHORS, EXHIB- ITORS AND PARTICIPANTS IN DISCUSSIONS, ETC. ' Heavier type indicates pages con- taining titles of papers.) P.ridwell. J. C, 1. I !, 3, 15, 21, 39. 40, 41 42, 72, "i '5, 7f ;, 82, 109 166 , 180, 248, 250, 266 277, , 278, 283, 284, 290 291, , 314, 325, 326. 327. 328, , 331, 332, 339, 359, 360, , 386, 403, 438, 447 ..4.53, 454, 458, 464, 465 Bryan, Jr. . E. H... 327, , 3.39, 359, 360, 454, .458, 4G3, 464, 475, 489 Bryan, W. A... 182, 460 Clausen. C. P.. 463 Crawford, D. L 13, 14, ISO, 248, 278 , 290, 374, , 447, 459, 465, 466, i68. 539 Klirhorn. ] E. M. 13, 38, 43, 46, 83. 181, 247, 249, 324, 339, 438, 454, 458, 463. 465, 466, 468, 473, 523, 607 Fullaway, D. T 2, 5, 6, 38, 47, 5C ), 53, 54, 236, 237, 249, 260, 290, 447, 456, 471. 524, 606 Giffard , W '. M.. 3, 5, 6, 14, 38, 5C 1, 53, 73. 74, 75, 83 , 180, 232, 338. 3ri0, 341, 363, 447, ..458, 463, 465, 473, 490 Gregory, H. E. . 283 Judd, C. S 451 King, T L, 5^1 Lyon, H L.... 466 Mant, C. F ...1, 47 Marsh, H. O. (Obituary) . 235 Marslmll, G. • A, . K. 33.=; 361 457, 585 Muir, F . . .48, 83, 84, 247 248, 256, 473, 480, 489, 507, 524. 564 Newell , Bro. M. ...75, 324 331 Osborn ,, Prof. H. 463 Osborn, H. T 277. 329. 330. 333. 339. 375, Osliima, Masamitzu Parker, R. R Pemberton, C. E 1, 3, 38. 330, 331. Perkins. R. C. L 276, 341, Rohwer, S. A Rosa. J 12, 44, Schwarz. E. A 17, Sharp, D Swezey, O. H 1. 2, 3. 4. 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 39, 42, 43, 46, 47, 53. 54, 75, 181, 182, 236, 247, 256, 257, 264, 265, 277, 278, 283. 285. 286, 290, 323, 324, 333, 335, 338, 361, 376, 447. 448, 452, 455. 457, 462, 464, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 474. 487, 488, 489, 521, 523, 524. 531, 601, 607, 610 Tillyard, R. J 525 Timberlake, P. H. . . 7, 38, 43. 47, 53. 54. 75. 183, 197, 256, 266. 277, 285, 324, 325. 330. 338, 360, 362, 409, 438. 456, 458. 468, 471. 472, 551, 557, 606. 607 Van der Goot. P. . . . 8, 186 Van Duzee. E. P. . . 6, 7 Van Dyke. E. C .466. 487. 606 Whitney. L. A 606 Wilder. G. P 47 Willard, H. F 566 Williams, F. X 4, 46, 55, 63 , 68, 180, 332, 337, 453, 455. 458, 488, 489 HYMENOPTERA Al)ispa australiana 120, 122 australis 120, 122 ephippium 121 Adelencyrtus 183, 432, 434 kaalae 224 odonaspidis 191, 194, 195, 237. 238, 245 Ageniaspis ...183, 185, 221, 222 * Alienus aenigmaticus 118 Allobethylus 310 AUodape gracilis 165 pemix 165 quadrilineata 165 quinquelineata 165 sandracata 165 Allotypa sp 20 Alysia lucicola 176 *lusoriae 1*75 Amblyteles koebelei 112, 266 sp 266, 448 ♦Anabrolepis 431, 433 * extranea 434, 449 zetterstedtii 432 Anagrus sp 38 Anagyropsis 225, 226 Anagyrus 185, 191, 192, 238, 241, 413, 417 *Anagyrus antoninae 240, 32.=;, 409, 448 *nigricoinis 191, 192, 193, 194, 197 *swezeyi 192, 194, 199, 238, 240 Anastatus koebelei 53 Angitla blackburni 232 *Anicetus annulatus 190, 227. 238, 242 Aneristus ceroplastae 238 *Anylaeus 129 Apentelicus 237 kotinskyi 1S4. 238 Aphelinus diaspldis 239, 244 fusclpennis 239. 243, 244, 245 limonus 239, 243, 244, 245, 246 wingless sp 239, 244 sp • 245 Apliaereta minor 178 muscae 177 *sarcophagae 177 Apiiidencyrtus schizoneurae 185, 193. 194 *Aphycomorpha 225 *araucariae 190, 194, 226, 227 ,A phycopsis 225 Aphiycus 109, 189. 225, 238, 417 alberti 189, 194, 242 claviger 189" liesperidum 194 terryi 184, 238 Apis annulata 124 *Arysepyris callfornieus 34 ♦Atractodes niallyi 20, 168 *muiri 167, 168 Aspidiotiphagus citrinus 243, 244, 245, 246 Aspilota konae 388 Bathymetis sp 386 Binghamiella antipodes 161 Biosteres caudatu.s 174 *javanus 260 Blastothrix 417 Blepyrus insularis 213, 238 marsdeni 183 mexicanus 183, 186, 194. 195, 238, 241 *Eothriencyrtus 183, 212 insularis 185, 213 planiformis 185 Bothriothorax insularis 213 planiformis 213 *Bothrochacis erythropoda 179 stercoraria 178 Braconidae, table of 388 Calligaster sp. (nest) 5 Camponotus maculatus 295 Cephalonomia gallicola (hosts of) 33 hyalinipennis 33 xambeui (hosts of) 33 sp 284, 305, 326, 448 Ceraptocerus 190, 230. 238, 242 Cerchysius whittieri 188, 216 Chaetospila elegans 19 Chalcaspis 193 Chalcis obscurata 385, 464 Chelonus blackburni 4, 384 texanus 4 sp 333 'Chlorepyris similis 35 Chrysidid 521 Cleptes aliena 36 *blaisdelli 37 purpuratus 37 Coccophagus lecanii 239, 242 ochraceus 242 *Coelopencyrtus 185, 218, 223 *odyneri 184, 221. 422, 423, 424 *orbi 422. 423 *swezeyi 184, 222. 330, 422. 423 Colletes 162 Comperiella bifasciata 185, 190, 193, 194, 238, 245 Copidosoma 220, 221 Cremastus hymeniae 13, 42, 265. 385 Crabro 295, 315, 330 unicolor 331 tumidoventris ISO, 332 Deinomimesa haleakalae. . . .51, 330 *t)feranchylaeus 136 I?)iachasma fullawayi 174 tryoni 47, 174 Dihocampus terminatus lOSi Diphaglossidae 161 Dolichurus stantoni ...43, 180, 277, 286, 438, 522 Bclithrogonatopus hawaiiensls. . 184, 185 molokaiensis 183, 185 Echthromorpha diversor 110 flavo-orbitalis Ill fuscator Ill, 385 immaculata 110 insidiator 110 maculipennis Ill maxima 110 notulatoria 110 Ecphylopsis nigi-a 389 Ectroma sp 184, 185 Blachertus sp 43 Encyrtidae 183, 285 Encyrtus sp 218, 238 *barbatus 187, 194, 209, 242, 243 fuscus 183, 238 infelix 1S3, 187, 194, 195, 238, 242, 243 insularis 183, 213 zetterstedtli 432 Enicospilus molokaiensis 51 Epidinocarsis 409 Ephialtes liawaiiensis 267 punicipes 268 turionellae 267 Epimodiopteron spilota 119 Epyris extraneus 2, 55, 304, 309, 311, 488, 521 (group) 309 Eupelmus sp 295, 322, 329, 465 subsetiger 325 Euscelinus peregrinus ....328, 390 Evylaeus 149 Exochus femoralis 256 Pormicidae 282 Fossores 311 Galesus silvestrii 109 Glyptogastra 110, 111 ashmeadi Ill hawaiiensis 112 Gnathoprosopis 126 *Gnatliylaeus 1 26. 133 *williamsi 134 Gonatopus 282 Goniozus 309 *williamsi 33 triangulifer 33 Habiobracon hebetor 113 Habrolepis 432, 433 Halictidae 248 Harmolita orchidearum 609 •'Hedylus clypeatus 173, 174 ♦desideratus 172 giffardi 173 habilis 173 Ilelegonatopus pseudophanes. . . 2, 185, 193, 194 Hemencyrtus crawii 188, 216 sp 238 Hemipimpla 271 Heterospilus prosopidis. 3, 109, 338, 389. 390, 392, 404 Ilolepyris hawaiiensis 309. 311. 314 liospes 311, 314 Homalopoda 433 Homalotylus flaminiu.s 185, 188 *Hoimiopterus vagrans 285, 295, 322, 390 Hylaeus 126, 135 type fixation 124 basalis 136, 157 calvus 161 conspicuus 158, 160 cressoni 157, 160 curvicarinatus 136 episcopalis 156, 158 fioralis 149 globulus 149 *gnathylaeoides 152 impei-ialis 161 *maritimus 159 *matsumurai 153 mesillae 157 modestus 154 ♦monticola 155 nevadensis 161 *niger 151 *nipponicus 151 *nunenmacheri 157 *oregonensis 160 *paulus 154 perforata 149 pictus 136 polifolli 160 rudbeckiae 160 stepliensi 160 tridentulus 158 varifrons 158 Hylaeus (Deranc hylaeus) albonasatus 139 alfkeni 139 arnoldi 139 aterrimus 139 atriceps 140 itt bequaertianus 138, 140 bouyssoui 141 capicola 141 curvicarinatus ....138, 141 dregei 137, 138, 142 flaviscutum 143 gabonicus 143 g-aullei 143 ♦haygoodi 137. 143 immarginatus. .137, 138, 144 krebsianus 144 leucolippa 145 *lightfooti 137, 138, 145 lineaticeps 145 longulus 138, 146 ruglpunctus 147 xanthostoma 138, 147 Hylaeus (Nesylaeus) 147 chinensis 149 ♦nesoprosopoides 148 Hymenopterous parasites in Diptera 166 Hypomiscophus 393 *aenescens 394, 395 arenarum 395 nigrescens 394 texanus 395 *timberlakei 394 Idiasta 177 Ichneumon koebelei 266 Ischiogonus palliatus 328, 390, 392, 464 pallidiceps 390 Ischnogaster sp. (nest) 5 *Itoplectis immigrans 267, 271, 448 Laelius 309 *Lithobiocerus 35 *vagabundus 36 Lytosema 179 Megachlle diligens 551, 552, 553, 554 f ullawayi 552, 553, 556, 610 palmarum 551. 552, 553, 554 schaunslandi. .551, 552, 553 timberlakei 488, 522, 551. 552, 553, 555 umbripennis 551 Melanocrabro curtipes 453 discrepans 522 Methylaeus 126, 131 ♦catalaucoides 133 *cribatus 131 scutisplna 133 Microbracon 389 oniiodivorum 114 *pembertoni 42, 109, 114, 115 *swezeyi 114, 116, 284 •terryi 114, 169 Microdus hawaiicola 9 Microterys 183, 216. 237 flavus 184. 185, 189, 190 kotinskyi 184, 189, 194, 218, 237, 238, 241, 242, 24:j *Mimulapis 162 ♦versatilis 163, 266 Mirastymachus 413 Miscellaneous notes on Hymen- optera 109 Miscophinus 393 Miscoplioides 396 Monerobia 120, 121 *Multillonitela 396 *mimica 396 *lounsburyi 397 Mutillidae 397 Myrmosa parvula 392 ruf iventris 392 unicolor 393 Myrmosula rufiventris 392 Mystroconemis 35 *Nesencyrtus 223 kaalae 183, 185, 224, 362 *Nesepyris 309 *Nesepyris ewa 310, 317, 448 Nesodynerus rudolplii 122 Nesomimesa antennata 40 hawaiiensis 63, 65 Nesoprosopis 134, 315, 362 anthracina 148 difflcilis 51 facilis 52 fuscipennis 135 koae 362 pubescens 135, 185, 225 ♦Nesylaeus 147 *Nothylaeus 125, 126 bevisi 165 binotatus 127 braunsi 127, 131. 165 gigas 128 heraldicus 126, 131, 165 junodi 165 magrettii 127 nyassaus 127 *peringueyi 128 rutarifacialis 127 rubriplagiata 165 rufripedioides..l27, 131. 165 sansibaricus 127 *yoruba 129 Nothylaeus (Anylaeus) *aberrans 130 dentiferellus 131 Odyneius.. 185, 220, 291, 315 camelinus 51 ecostatus 51 erythrostactes 51 instabilis 51 insulicola 52 leiodemas 393 nigripennis 183, 221, 222, 330 nivlcola 51 orbus 424 pseudochromus 123, 360, 393 purpurifer 52 rubrotinctus 52 smlthii 52 Ooencyrtus 285, 424, 425, 428 Ootetrastichus basalis 558 *formosanus 557, 558, 609 inghamensis 558 pallidipes 558 Opisthacantha dubiosa 2 *Oplus lantanae...42, 109, 170, 174 oscinidls 171 Pachyneuron anthomyiae. .330, 448 Palaeorrhiza muiri 161 Paracolletes 162 Paracopidosomopsis truncatella 193 Parahomalopoda 433 Paralastor sp 332 *Paranagrus osborni 53, 609 Paratiphla 120 *Pauridia 206 *peregrina 186, 193, 194, 195, 208, 238, 240, 609 Pentarthron flavum, hosts of 4, 54 Perilampus 109 Perisierola 309, 328 emigrata, hosts of 21 Perlssopterus sp 239, 240, 245 chinensis 244 Phanurus vulcanus 233 Pheidole megacephala 311, 315 Pimpla hawaiiensis 42, 266, 267, 3S5 turionellae 267 sp 275 Pison argentatum 123, 522 hospes 123 iridipennis 123, 522 Plagiolepis exigua 609 Flagiomerus 433, 436 diaspidis..428. 429, 430, 431 *hospes 428, 449 Polistes 120, 121 tepidus 120, 121 Prenolepis longicornis 609 Prionomitiis 221 Prococcophagus orien talis 238, 239, 243 Prosopis, type fixation 124. 125, 266 Prosopis albonasata 139 alfkeni 139 amoldi 139 aterrima 139 atriceps 140 bevisi 165 bouyssoui 133, 141 capicola 141 curvicarinata 141 dregei 142 flaviscutum 143 floralis 149 gaullei 143 globula 149 gracilis 165 heraldica 126 immarginatus 143, 144 imperialis 161 junodi 127 krebsiana 144 leucolippa 145 lineaticeps 145 longula 146 malachisis 161 miyakel 149 perforata 149 pernlx 165 quadrilineata 165 quinquedentata 139 quinquelineata 165 robertiana 141 rugipuncta 147 sandracata 165 scutispina 133 tenuis 141 xanthopus 139 xanthostoma 147 Prospaltella sp 239, 245 koebelei 245 Pseudococcobius terryi 184, 191, 194, 238, 241, 325 type of 184 Pseudogonatopus liospes.2, 277, 609 perkinsi 282 Pseudohomalopoda 433 Pseudopteroptrix imitatrix 239, 243, 245 Pteromalid attacking Brucliids. 42 Pteronialus calandrae 19 Pteroptrichoides perkinsi. . .239, 245 sp 239 *Quaylea 214 *aliena 188 104. 216, 238, 240, 242, 243 whittieri 188, 216 Rhopolotus sp 43 Saliostethus 396 Saronotum australiae 2 americanum 185, 193, 194, 195 Scelioencyrtus 413 Sceliphron 222, 295, 302 cementarius 122 Sclerodermus 26, 291 308, 309, 314, 339, 361, 440 hosts of 303 *Sclerodermus chilonellae 31, 287, 297, 304, 331 domesticus 26 immigrans..25, 26, 291, 293 294, 295, 297, 301, 305, 322 kaalae 27, 304 *manoa 28 *muiri 32, 303 perkinsi 27 poecilodes 27, 303, 304 Polynesians 26, 27, 51, 304, 454 ♦semnoprepiae 28, 30, 382 ♦tantalus 32, 304, 331 Scolia manilae 54, 277, 438, 455, 609 Scoliphia 119 Scutellista 109, 216 cyanea 189, 217, 238, 242, 243 Slerola sp. (Fiji) 1 host of 23 sp 284, 309, 440, 454 Signiphora sp 239, 244 *Silaon blaisdelli 401 compeditus 400 inerme 400 parvus 401 plenoculoides 402 •rhoweri 284, 331 339, 398, 401, 448, 455, 489 ♦similis 402 xambeaui 400 Spalangia simplex 232 Sphecodes antipodes 161 Spathius perdebilis 390 Strumigenys lewisi 453 Sudylus 175 Tanaomastlx abnormis 186, 193, 194, 240, 241, 609 Tetramorium guineense ...295, 609 Tetrastichus 109, 233 Thysanus sp 239 Tiphia 120 Tomocera 216 californica 189, 218, 240, 242, 243 ceroplastis 242 Trichogramma semifumatum. . .466 Trypoxylon bicolor 329, 488 sp 458 Uscana semifumipennis 16, 19, 407, 408, 609 Vespa destroying Ischnogaster nest 5 (Abispa) australiana 121 occidentalis 455 Vespid nest 249 Vipioninae 113, 389 Wasps nests 4 *Xanthoencyrtus apterus 201, 240, 413 415, 416, 417, 419, 420, 421 *bridwelli 415, 416, 420 *fullawayi 184 191, 194, 204, 241, 330, 413 .*laysanensis 184, 203, 414, 415, 416 *sanguineus 415, 416, 419 *semiflavus 204, 414, 415, 416, 419 ♦semiluteus 415, 419 ■'Xesmatia 424 *flavipes 425 DIPTERA Agromyza pusilla 609 sp. in Clermontia 10 Allograpta obliqua 456, 521, 610 Anthomyid, black-banded 266, 448, 468 Bactrocera cucurbitae 166 Bibio-nid 284, 448 Ceratitis capitata 4, 166, 180, 331, 332 Ceratopogon 284 Ceromasia sphenophori 166, 609 Chionea valga 530 Daciis ferrugineus 261 Drosophila sp 331, 440 Dyscritomyia sp 388, 440 Eristalls aeneus. . .329, 339, 330, 448 punctulatus 360 Eumerus strigatus 606 Eupeod'es volucris 333 Fruit fly control 5 Gitonides perspicax 241 Haematobia serrata 166 Itonidid fly. Aphis feeding, (Ce- cidomyidae) 329, 339. 448 Lantana gall fly 331 Lasiopyrellia cyanea 179 Leucopis nigricomis 330 Melon fly in 1881 5 iVIirodon equestris 606 Musca lusoria 176 Muscoid diptera, parasites of... 166 larva 339 Phora sp 1. 489 Pipunculus, observations on 68 hawaiiensis 68 juvator 68 terryi 13, 39 sp 7. 12 Psychodid 248, 448 Sarcophaga 166, 168, 169, 178, 302 f uscicauda 256 haemorrhoidalis 609 pallinervis 178, 609 Scatopsis sp 284 Siphona stimulans 386 Stomoxys calcitrans 166 Syrphids 332, 333 Syrplius americanus 333 Tachinid In Corizus 340, 467 Tephritis 233, 458, 475 crassip«s 170, 475, 476, 478, 479 cratericola.475, 476, 477, 478 *dubautiae 475, 476, 477 limpidapex 475, 476 ♦swezeyi 475, 476, 477, 478 Trypeta leontodontis 479 Volucella obesa 360 COLEOPTERA Acalles humeralis 51 lateralis 249 sp 181 Acicnemis foveicollis 589 Adoretus compressus 606 sinicus 6, 606, 608 tenuimaculatus 606 Aegosoma reflexum 39, 295 Alphitobius diaperinus 76 Amblychila baroni 473 Ammophorus insularis 466, 610 Anobiidae 301, 303 Anomala flavilabris 438 orientalis 438 Apion pennsylvanica 248 sp 248, 448 Apterocyclus 375 Araecerus fasciculatus. .22, 407, 452 Ataenius cognatus ...606, 607 stercorator 607 Attagenus gloriosae 608 Azya luteipes 241 Baryneus sharpi 50 Bostrychid beetle 359 Bruchldae, parasites of. ..15, 19, 408 Helms collection of 41 Bruchus diversipes 41 limbatus 324, 332 406, 409, 448, 458, 465, 608 Obtectus 17, 41, 521 phaseoli 17, 608 prosopis 15, 16 17, 403, 406, 408, 409, 608 pruininus ..2, 3, 18, 338, 408, 521, 608 quadrimaculatus 18, 19, 33, 608 sallaei 16, 327, 405, 408, 409, 465, 608 semlcalvus 41 Calandra linearis var. striatus, 3, 327 oryzae 33, 232, 595 parasites of 19 remota 76, 464, 472 taitensis 333, 448, 455 Callithmysus cristatus 322 koebelei 438 microgaster 264, 502 var. hirtipes ...264, 265, 361, 501, 502 Carabidae 440 Carpophilus sp 407 hemipterus 608 Caryoborus gonagra 15, 16, 18, 22, 291, 301, 303, 305, 328, 338, 408, 465, 488, 608 hosts of 20 Catorama mexicana 3, 608 Celeuthetes 77 Cerambycid larvae 291, 294 new immigrant.. 39, 326, 448 Cercyon quisquilius 607, 610 Chalcolepidius erythroloma 42, 286 food of 6, 42 Chlaenius, from Australia 332 Chilocorus circumdatus ...243 Clerid beetle 359, 449 Clytarlus 264, 322, 343, 347 fragilis 322 *indecens 304, 346 modestus 346 nodifer 232 robustus 322 vestitus 50 Coccinella arcuata 332 repanda 332 Ooptops aedificator 294, 301, 327 Corylophodes rotundus 280 suturalis 280 Corylophus 279 rotundus 280 suturalis 280 Cosmopolites sordidus 595 *Cossonus dentipes -....597 *limbaticollis 598 Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, 240, 241 Cryptopleurum minutus. . . .607, 610 Cryptorhynchus mangiferae 323 Cryptorhynchine in ginger, first record 82, 83 Cupes concolor (Archaic) 527 Cylas elegantulus 608 Cyllene crinicornis 331, 608 Cyrema nigellum 5, 243 Derebroscus politus 42 Dermestes vulpinus 608 Diachus auratus 339. 521 Diocalandra taitensis 595, 608 Diomus discedens 279 Disenociius aterrimus 276 sp 277 Uolichos weevil 17 Dryophthorus 457, 596 crassus 12 Drypta australis 332 mastersii 332 sp 332 Elateridae, in buncligrass 280 Elaterid larvae 301 Elytroteinus subtruncatus 608 Blytrurus 77 *bicolor 588 ♦blvittatus 588 ♦samoensis 587, 588, 589 *var. setiventris 587 Kucnocerus anthrenoides 487, 524, 606, 610 Ruscepes batatae 608 *Glyphostethus 595 •cancellatus 595, 596 Gnathocerus cornutus 301 Gonocephalum seriatum 55 Gronevus rotundus 280 suturalis 280 Heteramphus 440 Holcobius afflnis 506 glabricollis 506 granulatus 506 halealcalae 506 *var. vulcanus 506 liawaiiensis 506 llydrobius sp 488 Hydrophilid 42 Hyperaspis jocosa 240, 521 Hyposmocoma chilonella larva.. 297 Hypothenemus eruditus 13 sp 43 305, 306, 307, 308, 320, 326 Idotasia 589 samoana 593 Lagocheirus obsoletus 285, 294, 301, 319, 320, 327 Lindorus lophanthae 2, 244, 245 Malachiid beetle 327, 448 Metromenus pavidus 276 sp 277 Minthea rugicollis 41 Monocrepidius exsul 467, 522 Mylabris mimosae 17 *Neoclytarlus euphorbiae 291, 295, 296, 304 308, 318, 320, 322, 323. 328 329, 331, 391, 392, 399, 465 fragilis 322. 323 indecens 454, 464, 465 mediocris 323 ultimus 323 *Nesithmysus 343, 347 ♦bridwelli 343, 489 ♦forbesii 489, 503 *haasii 489, 504 Nesotocus giffardl 180, 247, 250, 254, 339, 489 munroi 338, 340, 490, 492 Nitidulid 338. 448 Novius cardinalis 240 Olla abdominalis 241 Onthophagus sp 333 Oodemas sp 12 Orcus chalybeus 246 *Orochlesis nigrofasciata 593 solea 594 Orothreptes callithrix 47'2 Orthostolus robustus 12 Oxydema fusiforme 596 Oxytelus sculptus 607, 610 Pachymerus phaseoli 17 Pantomorus fulleri 452, 467 Parandrita aeneus 51 Paromalus lautus 606, 610 Pentarthrum cylindrieum 596 Pentilia nigra 243 Plagithmysus aequalis ....496, 497 aestivus 501 arachnipes 496, 497 bilineatus 491 bishopi 345, 491, 494, 500, 503 blackburni.491, 492, 493, 499 collaris 345 concolor 496, 497 darwinianus 491, 492, 493, 494, 498 ♦decorus 500 elegans 345, 500 finschi 50 *frater 500 giffardi 346, 491, 495, 499, 503 ignotus 496, 497 immundus 347, 501 lamarkianus 491, 494, 498, 499 longulus 344 munroi 496, 497 pennatus 50 perkinsi 491 *platydesmae 277, 345 pulverulentus. .322, 328, 392 solitarius 501 sulphurescens 346. 491, 492, 494, 495, 499 ♦swezeyi 344 varians 491, 498 vicinus 491, 492, 499, 500 vitticollls 344, 491, 495, 499, 500, 502 var. long-ulus ...491, 492, 495, 499, 502 Plagithmysine in Syzygium 361 Platynus ambiens 276, 277 Hawaiian 276 Popilia japonica (N. J. .Japanese beetle) 463, 529, 531 Proterhinus 233, 276, 308, 342, 440, 564 in Cyrtandra 76 *abnormis 352, 358, 470 annularis 357 antiquus 358 ♦asteliae 351 *ater 356 blackburni 76 breviformis 350 brevipennis 51 •bridwelli 350 ♦cuneatus 354 deceptor 317, 326, 358 deinops 76, 347 deplanatus 357 detritus 353 epitretus 353 *euops 348, 349 *eupliorbiae 349 excrucians 317, 358, 471 ferrug-ineus 353 ♦fuscicolor 353 gracilis 348 heterostictus 349 •impressiscutus 350 lecontei 50 leptothrix 356 *longisetis 355 •malespretus 355 maurus 39, 250, 284 minimus 359 molokaiensis 354 obscuricolor 357 obscurus 358 ♦phyllobius 352, 471 pterldis 351 robustus 349 similis 356, 357 squamicollis 355 subangularis 357 ♦swezeyi 347 vestitus 326, 357 Prosoplus bankii 294, 296, 320, 326. 327 Psammodius nanus 606, 610 Pteroporus subtruncatus 361 Rabdocnemis obscura 523, 595 Rhinoceros beetle 83 Rhizobius ventralis 241 Rhopalomesites 598 Rhyncogonides, new tribe 77 Rhyncogonus blackburni 78, 488 ♦giffardi 80, 232 kauaiensis 276 koebelei 79 lahainae 76 sordidus 79 on Acacia koa 82 relationsliip of 77 sp 283, 440 Rhyncolus obsoletus 599 Saprinus fimbriatus 606, 610 Scarabaeids, from Queenland. . .456 Schistoceros cornutus 3, 301, 306, 328 Scymnus bipunctatus 240, 241 debilis 240 discedens 279 ocellatus 240 Scypophorus acupunctatus 247 sp 247, 448 Serangium maculigerum 5 *Sericotrogus bryani 462 subaenescens 463 Simodactylus cinnamomeus ....467 Sinoxylon conigerum 3, 247, 301, 306, 328 Sitodrepa panicea 608 Sitophila granaria 608 linearis 608 oryzae 608 Spermophagus pectoralis. . . .18, 608 *Sphaerorhinus puncticollis 585 serigranatus 586 *Stereoderus binodifrons 598 paciflcus 599 *Stenommatus musae 457, 610 Sternochaetus mangiferae 467, 474, 608 Sticholotis punctatus 243 Syagrius fulvitarsis 340, 608 Temnorhamphus latirostris 600 *samoanus 599 Tenebroides mauritanicus. .301, 608 Tribolium ferrugineum 301, 608 Trigonapterus aeneoniveus.590, 593 ♦bicolor 590, 592 ♦blnotatus 590, 591 crebrellicollis 590, 593 samoanus 590, 593 ♦submetallicus 590, 592 Trox sp 331 Xyleborus sp 13, 307, 308, 360 *Xyletobius timberlakei 505 Xystrocera globosa 295, 301, 303, 60S LEPIDOPTERA Adenoneiira rufipennis 22 Agrotis crinigera 378, 379 sp 271 Amorbla emigratella 22, 122, 271 Anosia menippe 601 otaheitae 603 Archips postvittanus 22, 115, 271 Atella bodenia 603 bowdenia 603 egista 603 Azinis hilarella 271 Bactra straminea 13, 116 Batrachedra cuniculator 13, 116 Cacoecia spp 271 *Capua reynoldsiana 6, 384 *tetraplasandra 385 Catochrysops cnejus 605 platissa 605 Cecropia cocoons 46 Celerio calida 339, 380, 453 gain intermedia 380 ♦perkinsi 359, 379, 463, 466 wilsoni 338, 379 Cirphis amblycasis 283 pyrrhias 283 Corcyra cephalonica 311 Crocidosema lantanae 22, 115 Cryptoblabes aliena 271 Cryptophlebia illepida 13, 15, 24, 115, 181, 271, 609 vulpes 24, 271 parasites of 42 Danais archippus 601 melissa 601 mellitula 602 obscurata 601 plexippus 601 Deragena schmeltzi 602 Deilephila calida 13 I>iadema lutescens 603 montrouzieri 602 otaheitae 603 Eccoptocera foeterivorans 123 Enarmonia .walsinghami 42 Ephestla elutella 22, 609 kuhniella 609 Ereunetis flavistriata 13, 311 minuscula 21, 22 Eriocraniidae (Archaic) ..-. 530 Eriocranla purpurella (Archaic) .530 Ethmia colonella 271 Euhyposmocoma ekaha 271 trlvitella 523 Euploea eleutho var. escholtzii.602 eschscholtzii 602 schmeltzi 602 *Euxoa kerri 378 *wlkstroemiae 377 Genophantis leahi 43 Gracilaria eplbathra 386 hibiscella 256. 386 *neraudlcola 385 Hepialidae 530 Herse cingulata 463, 464 Heterocrossa crlnifera 10 gemmata 10 graminicolor 13 olivaceonitens 10 Hymenia recurvalis. . . .4, 13, 22, 115 Hyperdasys 303 cryptogamiellus 10 Hyix)cala andremona 466 Hypollmnas bolina ,....603 Hyposmocoma chilonella 32, 291 liturata 271 sp 303, 440 Jamides carlssima 605 woodfordi 604 Junonia villida 603 Lampldes argentina 605 carlssima 605 Lepidoptera from India 1 Lycaena alsulus 604 argentina 605 boetica 43, 54 communis 604 platissa 605 Samoa 605 woodfordi 604 Margaronia exaula 2 Melanitis leda 604 Mestolobes chysomolybda 381 *chrysomolybdoid,es..380, 381 *quadrifasciata 381 sp 440 Micropardalls (Archaic) 530 Micropterygidae (Archaic) 530 Micropteryx (Archaic) 530 Mnesarchaeidae (Archaic) 530 Mnesarchaea (Archaic) 530 Myelois ceratoniae. .15, 21, 115, 328 Nacaduba samoaensis 604 Nacoleia accepta 13, 115 blackburni 13, 115 monogona 13 Neelysia mactella 42 sp. 10, 25 Omiodes accepta blackburni continuatalis demara talis ...... ♦giffardi localis mala meyricki SP Opogona apicalis aurisquamosa ♦Opostega callosa 532, .271, 469 271 470 470 469 470 523 .266, 523 .271, 523 10 ...10, 25 534, 536 531 ♦filiforma maculata 531, .534, 533, .534, .533, 536 536 536 *serpentina 536 535 440 605 Pectinophora gossypiella. . . 54, 115, 116, 232, ...2] 271, L, 41 328 SS6 Phlegethontius blackburni Phlyctaenia calcophanes. . platyleuca .609 . 13 . 13 fioq 337 (Plusia) biloba chalcites . giffardi . . . newelli . . . pterylota 324, Plodia interpunctella Plusia (see Phytometra). Plutella albovenosa 316, •capparidis 317, maculipennis 4, 326, 383, .335, .336, .324, 338 .335 338 336 335, 326, 326, 458, 337 .311 383 383 609 Polyedra gossypiella .609 Prototheoridae (Archaic) . Pyroderces rileyi. . . .13, 21, Sabatlnca (Archaic) 407, rara 9> 26, 27, 28, 31, 303, 331, 454 qs9 *pittospori Skipper, in Samoa 382 605 6, 46 ....9. 25 Tirumala hamata mellitula .602 .602 Tortrix metallurgica . •_•■■■• 13 Tortricid, from almond . , .327 in apricot 44 Vanessa parasites 271 tammeamea .....1, 257, 453 Zizera alsulus 604 labradus ;...604 lulu 604 HEMIPTERA-HOMORTERA Akilas fasciatus 486 Aloha ipomoeae 88, 508 ipomoeicola 52 kirkaldyi 286 myoporicola. . . .324, 5l0, 518 Anigrus 570 Antonina australis 473 indlca ....240. 325, 412, ,523 Aphis eaten by Itonidid , . .330 Aphis gossj-pii 608 maidis 456 medicaginis .608 middletonii 43S, 449, 455, 608 sacchari 488 Aspidiotus on Bombax 190, 245 cydoniae .....239. 244 cyanophylli 244 rapax 239. 245 Asterochiton vaporariorum 608 Asterolecanium, pai-asite of . . . . , ,217, 218 pustulans 217, 239, 240 Aulacaspis rosae 244 ♦Austroloma baumanensis..568, 582 ♦wilkesi 568, 582 Bemlsla giffardi 608 ♦Capelopterum fuscifrons 582 ♦maculifrons 581, 582 Cerataphis lataniae 608 Ceroplastes rubens 242 Cerotrioza 374 bivittata 8, 287, 375 ♦bridwelli 375' Chrysomphalus aonidum 245 dictyospermi var. pln- .. nulifer 194 rossi 245 Cicadellidae 281 Coccus acutissimus 458, 610 hesperidum 189, 608 longulus 189, 242 viridis 188, 217, 242 Columbiana 483 ♦Columbisoga 483 *Columbisoga campbelli. . . .480, 483 Delphacidae (new Hawaiian) 84, 507 Delphacodes 507 Diaspine scale 431 Diaspis bromeliae 243 echinocacti 244 Dicranotropis cognata 575 koebelei 576 Dictyophorodelphax mirabilis . . . 286 *praedicta 72, 73 swezeyi 72, 73 Bmpoasca sp 283 Eponisla 570 Eriococcus araucariae.190, 240, 608 PJucalymnatus tesselatus 190. 231, 242,, 608 *Eurynomeus granulatus. . .571, 582 *niger 572 Gelastocephalus fasciatus 486 Halimococcus sp 463 Halymnococcus sp 13 Hemichionaspls minor 244 rhododendri 244 Hevaheva g-iffardi 14, 256 hyalina 14 Howardia biclavis 239, 243 Icerya purchasi 240 *Ilburnia acuta 96, 515 *aku 513, 518 *amamau 512, 518 argyroxiphii 89 astellae 520 *boehmeriae 514, 515, 518 blackburnl.108, 508, 513, 514 ♦bridwelli 90 chambersi 515 *coprosmae 93 •coprosmicola 103, 516 ♦curvata 96 cyathodis 91, 93 *eeke 91, 92 fullawayi 91 lanaiensis 91, 92 *nigrinervis 91, 92 •dubautiae 510, 518 ♦geranii 515, 518 ♦gigantea 517, 518 halia 518, 520 ignobilis 48 ipomoeioola 508, 517 koebelei 518 ♦kokolau 95 leahi 324 lobeliae 108, 518, 520 *long1pes 93 ♦mamake 101 ♦mauiensis 99 monticola 90 •neocyrtandrae 100 ♦neoraillardiae 517, 518 ♦neowailupensis ....108, 518 ♦nesopele 511, 518 nigroceps 510, 518 oahuensis 101, 285 *olympica 518, 520 osborni 99 *painiu 102, 513 pele 511, 512, 518 pipturi 514, 515, 518 procellaris 514 pseudorubescens 88 *pulla 98 raillardiae 516, 518 *raillardiicola. . .102, 512, 518 rubescens 90 simulans 48, 49 *stenogynicola 94 ^sulcata 507, 516, 518 *letramolopii 88. 90. 91, 104, 106 - *ulehlhi 104, 106 *waikamoiensis. .97, 514, 518 wailupensis 108 Inxwala 570 Jassid on amaranth 83, 181 Jassids 76, 330, 458, 463 Kelisia 38, 279, 340 emoloa 279, 280, 464, 523 *eragrosticola 85. 281, 324 spoixjbolicola ...86, 281, 324, 340, 509, 522 *var. immaculata. . . . 509 swezeyi 279, 280, 282, 286, 325, 340, 509, 522, 523 Kuwayama nigricapita 249 Lamenia caliginea 577, 582 *Leialoha lehuae mauiensis.87, 509 *Leirioessa lamononi 567 tortricomorpha 567 Lepidosaphes auriculata 245 beckii 245 crotonis 245 sp 237, 238, 239 Leptovanua 580 Leucaspis indica 239, 245 Leuronota 374 acutipennis 374 cornlger 375 longipennis 374 macroceras 375 maculata 374 minuta 375 Lollius 584 Macrosiphum solanifolii osborni 236 Meenoplus albosignatus. . . .569, 570 atrovenosus 582 •langlei 570, 582 Megamelus furcifera 486 Proserpina 576 Megatrioza palmicola 256, 278 Morganella longispina 239, 245 *Myndus roggeweini 566, 582 Myzus citricldus 608 "■Neolollius 584 *viridis 582, 584 Nesodryas bobeae 47 dryope 510 eugeniae 75 fletus 87 giffardl 11, 471 gulicki 87 *haa 509 laka 87 munroi 74, 87, 510 perkinsi 47 Nesophrosyne sp 11. 316, 324, 325, 330 Nesophyrne sp 46, 285 Nesostelus sp 281 Nesosydne blackburnl 11 koae 39 leahi 6 lobeliae 11 montis-tantalus 11 pseudorubescens 11 timberlakei 11 wailupensis 11 Nisia 569, 570 atrovenosus 570, 571, 582 Odonaspis graminis 237. 238 nithae 191, 237, 245, 247 Oliarus sp 40, 317, 324, 441 Ommatissus loufouensis 580 Orchesma marginepunctata 481 signata 480 Orthezia insignis 240 Paranisla 570 Paranigrus 570 Parlatoria ziziphus 246 Pealius hibisci 608 Peggioga 580 Perkinsiella 565, 566 insignis 485 saccharicida 63, 489, 507, 539, 557, 563 vitiensis' 576 *Phaciocephalus tutuilae 576, 582 vitiensis 576, 577 Phaconeura 570 laratica 570 Phacalastor koebelei 576 Phenacaspis eugeniae 2, 244 Phyllodinus koebelei 576 pulohellus 485 Pinnaspis buxl 239, 244 *PIestia anomala 524, 578, 582 *kellersi 524, 577, 578, 582 marginata 578 Pseudococcus aonidum 238 bromeliae 240 ealceolariae 238 citri 186 eragrostidis 247 filamentosus 241 gallicola 192, 199 krauhinae 186, 208. 238, 240. 608 longispinus 192, 199 lounsburyi 192, 199 montanus 192, 199 nipae 241, 539 saccliari 241 saccharifolii ..191, 206, 238. 241. 325, 330 straussiae 38, 241 virgatus 186, 187, 238, 241, 488 Pseudoparlatoria giffardi 246 Psyllidae 180, 278 Pulvinaria mammae 241 psidii 241 urbicola 241 Pundaluoya ernesti 484 Rhinodictya 580 Ripersia palmarum 192, 199 Saissetia hemisphaerica 11. 187. 188. 190, 211, 217, 231, 238, 242 nigra.. 188, 211, 217, 238, 243 oleae 188, 243, 523, 539 sp 238 *Sardia campbelli 485 pluto 576 Sogatopsis 483 Suva 570 Tambinia formosa 580 Thoracaphis flci 471. 473, 610 Toxoptera aurantiae 471 Trionymus insularis 38. 192. 199. 201, 203 238, 240, 247, 281, 413, 421 Trioza liawaiiensis 14, 249 lanaiensis 14 ohiacola 249 pullata 14 Tropidocephala atrata 481 amboinensis 481 baguioensis 481 ♦butleri 481, 482 dryas 481 festiva 481 flaviceps 481 formosana 481 ♦indica 481, 482 malayana 481 neoamboinensis 481 neoelegans 481 neogracilis 481 nigrocacuminis 4S1 pseudobaguioensis 481 saccharicola 481, 482 saccharivorella 481 signata 480, 481 *U&yops bougainvillei 574, 582 *brevipennis 575, 582 *kellersi 572, 574, 582 ♦samoaensis 573, 582 *Urvillea dumonti 569 *Vanua angusta 579, 582 *poyeri - 579 HEMIPTERA-HETEROPTERA California Heteroptera 6 Capsid 76 Capsidae 441 Cimex lectularis 54, 609 Clerada apicicornis 181 Corixa sp 283 Corixld from Queensland 473 Corizus hyalinus 339 467 Cyrtorhinus mundulus 489, 507 Epeleytes draptes 43 Halobates 3 Ithamar sp 7 Lygaeidae 281 Nesiomiris hawaiiensis 472 Nesocymus sp 281, 282, 325 Nysius 232, 331, 400, 441 Oechalia 75, 441 Oronomiris hawaiiensis 52 Reduviolus 76. 441 Sulamita lunalilo 472 ORTHOPTERA Atractomorpha crenatieeps 522 Elimaea appendiculata 464 Grylloblatta campodeiformis (Archaic) 526 Gryllotalpa africana 609 Holochlora venosa 53, 285, 523 Orthodera prasina 522 Oxya velox 53 Periplaneta americana 454 Phyllodromia, parasite on 438 Polyzosteria soror 282 Prognathogryllus alatus 12 stridulans 12 Tenodera sinensis 182, 277 Teratura sp 330, 338. 448, 467 Xiphidium varipenne 43 NEUROPTERA AND ODONATA Agrion xanthomelas 284 Anomalochrysa soror 51 Chrysopa SP...332, 361, 449, 455, 488 externa 361 Coniocampsa vesiculigera 7, 316, 326 Formicaleo wilsoni 33S Hemerobiid from Australia. . . . .332 Ithone fusca (Archaic) 528 Micromus 332 Pantala flavescens (at sea) 1 Pseudospectra lobipennis 338 Tramea lacerta 325 MECOPTERA AND 20RAPTERA (ARCHAIC) Boreus sp 529, 530 Chorista australis 529 Choristidae 529 Choristella philpotti 529 Mesochorista 529 Nannochorista dipteroides 529 Nannochoristidae 529 Permochorista 529 Zorotypus hubbardi 526 snyderi 526 PLECOPTERA (ARCHAIC) Austroperlidae 527 Austroperla 527 Capniidae 527 Diamphipnoa 527 Eustheniidae 527 Eusthenia 527 Lieptoperlidae 527 Nemuridae 527 Perlidae 527 Pteronarcidae 527 Stenoperla 527 Tasmanoperla 527 ISOPTERA Calotermes castaneus 465 marginipennis 182 Coptotermes formosanus. ...261, 264 gestroi 182 *intrudens...l3, 262, 465, 468 Cryptotermes 13, 182, 249 brevis 456 Termites, food for Chalcolepi- dius 6 manner of introduction. 83 in yams 46 in telephone poles 182 CORRODENTIA Amphientomum (Archaic) 527 Psocidae 282, 441 THYSANOPTERA Heliothrips haemorhoidalis. 1- Thrips 282 THYSANURA Heterojapyx sp. (Archaic) 525 Japyx sharpi 256 L^episma sp 453, 610 Machilis sp 282 (Archaic) 525 MISCELLANEOUS Acari (Mites) 424 Ascyltus penicillatus (spider) ... 38 Crab spiders 302 Dendryphantes sp (spider) 522 ^chidnophaga gallinacea (hen flea) 609 Fleas on mongoose 474 Gordius (parasitic worm) 329 Scaphiella (spider) 284 Scolopendra (centipede) 525 Ticks on dog 489 GENERAL INDEX Achatinella land shells, parasite of 388 Achievements in Hawaiian En- tomology 363 Algaroba borer 331 weevil 403 Ambrosia beetles 360 Ant-lions 338, 441 Ants in bunch grass 282 Anthribid eggs 452 Aphid enemies 332, 440 Aquatic diptera 440 Archaic insects 525 Armoured scale on Euphorbia. .319 Australian (Helms' collection) Bruchidae 41 nut grass coccid 473 Banana leaf- roller 266 moths 440 Barbados Insects 47 Barber's point leaf hoppers 324 Bed bug 54 Bean weevil 521 Beetle problems 440 By-laws of Hawaiian Entomo- logical Society 249, 257 Bishop Museum 41. 283. 287, 367, 439 Black coccinellid 5 scale (Saissetia oleae) . . 188, 243, 523, 539 Bruchid parasites 389, 408 Bunch Grass fauna 278 (See, also, plant index.) Butterfly on egg plant 6 California Bethylid 34 Hemiptera 6 Cane borer beetle on Pritch- ardia 523 Carabid enemies of leafhopper. .332 Cheirodendron weevil 250 Chrysanthemum plant louse.... 236 Cigar packing-case Bostrychid.359 Cleptes from Pacific Coast 36 Cockroach dance 454 Cocoanut weevil 333 Committee on common names 451, 607 ginger weevil 82, 83 recommendat ions to Bishop Museum 287, 439 revision of by-laws 249, 257 Common names of insects 608-9 Description of new species, rules governing 44 Dimorphism in Sclerodermus. . .292 Dolichos weevil 17 Dung fly larva, parasites of 386 Easter Island Notes 460 Election of officers (1919) 231, (1920) 362, (1921) 538 Encyrtidae, Hawaiian, Sources of 183 Evolution in Delphacidae 508 Ewa Coral Plain 317, 358 Fern weevil 340, 608 Fig wasps 438 Fiji Sierola 1 Flies used as food by Crabro spp 331, 332 Food foi^ Bethylidae 293, 306, 308, 311 Fruitfly control 5, 451, 466 parasite (Java) 260 Fungus on Anomala beetle 438 Ginger weevil 82, 83, 249, 361 Grass leaf-roller 469 Habits ofBethylidae 300, 306, 307, 311, 312 Neoclytarlus 320, 321 Hawaiian bees 551 Bethylidae... 21, 35. 55. 291 Braconidae 388 Bruchidae 15, 403 Delphacidae 72, 84, 507 (See, also, leaf hoppers.) Encyrtidae 183, 409 Ichneumonidae 266 Lepidoptera, new 335, 376, 469, 531 Longicorn Coleoptera. . . 341, 493 Lucanidae 375 Plagithmysids .341, 493 Proterhinidae 347 Psyllids 8, 13. 248. 256. 278, 287. 374 441 Silaon 398 Sphingidae, origin of.... 380 H. S. P. A., headquarters for Haw. Ent. See. library and collections 278 Hawaiian Entomological So- ciety, By-laws 249, 257 Organization and Achievements 363 Hippoboscid on Pheasant 454 Honey-dew and smut 539 Horn fly parasite 386 Hosts of Bruchidae... 15-20, 403-408 Cremastus hymeniae.... 13 Hymenopterous parasites of Diptera 166 Immigrant beetles 606 Immigrant insects, methods of arrival 83 Immigrant records (1919) 448, (1920) 610 India Delphacidae 480 Insects on Lobelioideae 9 Japanese beetle 463, 531 Hylaeus 149-156 Jumping spider 522 Kamehameha butterfly 1, 257 Kauai insects 521 Key to species or genera — Habrolepis-like Genera 433 Braconidae 389 Hylaeidae 125 Hylaeus 137, 150 Megachile 552 Pison 123 Plagithmysus 497, 498 Tephritis 476 Trigonopterus 590 Vipionine Braconidae 113 Xanthoencyrtus 415 Kilauea longicom beetles 490 moths 338 Lady beetle habits 2 Laysan 204 Leafhoppers. ..72, 73, 75, 76, 84, 507 parasite 557 Pipunculus, parasite of. 68 wasp 63 Leaf miners.. 256, 352, 440, 470, 531 Leafroller, new species on grass 469 Lowland fauna, remarks on.... 315 Mango weevil 323, 467, 474 Mantid 182, 277 Maui insects 2, 38, 50, 53. 54 Mealy bugs 38 281, 282, 325, 413, 421. 539 Mediterranean fruitfly 5, 180, 451, 466 Monkey pod Bruchid 324 scolytid in 13 Mongoose fleas 474 Nesosydne leahi, macropterous form 6 New Jersey Japanese Beetle... 463. 531 North American Hylaeus 156 Obituary — Harold Oscar Marsh. 235 Officers (1919) 231, (1920) 362, (1921) 538 Olinda beetle 467 Oviposition of Bethylidae. .299, 312 Pacific Exploration 444 Palm psyllid 256 Pan-Pacific Scientific Confer- ence 459, 466, 490 Parasitic worm infesting cater- pillars 329 Parasites on scales 237 Pheasant. Hyppoboscid on 454 Philippine Epyris 2 fig wasp 438 Goniozus 33 roach parasite 43. 277, 286, 522 wasp nests 4 Photosynthesis and smut 539 Pink boll worm 21, 41. 328 Pipunculus fly on leafhoppers. . 68 Potassium cyanide innoculation for scale 14 Psyllid tMDes 13 Publication, rules governing... 44 Queensland Corixid 473 insects introduced from Scarabaeidae 456 Reference collection at Bishop Museum 443 Reforestation trees and fruit- flies 451, 466 Roach parasite.... 43, 277, 286. 522 Rhyncophorous larvae from Japan 247 Sale of Societies' magazines 459 Samoan insects 3, 75, 180, 334, 564, 585, 601 Scale ins'ect control 237 Seeds infested by Dermestid. . .487 Smut and Photosynthesis 539 Sources of Hawaiian Encyrti- dae 183 South Africa Hymenoptera . . . . 119. 126, 136 Sphaerostilbe coccophila (fun- gus) 243 Spider on vanilla 38 Syrphid fly from California 333 Tahiti cocoanut weevil 333, 448, 455 Tamarind weevil 327 Termites in Hawaii 13, 83 182, 249, 261, 456, 465, 468 Thrips on grass 282 Treasurer's report (1918) 231, (1919) 362, (1920) 538 Tree shells (Achatinella) para- sites of 388 Two-spotted bean weevil 18 Types and description, rules governing 44 Wireworms 467 PLANT INDEX Acacia amentacea 16 decurrens 18 farnesiana (Klu) 15, 16, 20, 21, 39, 115. 182, 303, 305, 316, 318, 327, 405, 406, 408, 465 koa (Koa) 42, 88, 115, 182, 232, 322, 347, 360, 452, 453, 491, 496 "Acacia" (?) "Cassia" 554 Acryanthes splendens 318 Adenanthera pavonina 19 (See Errata.) Ahakea (Bobea elatior) 491, 495 Akala (Rubus macraei) 491, 523 Aku (Cyanea tritomantha) 513 Alani (Pelea sandwicensis) 535 Albizzia lebbek (Siris tree) 406, 465 Aleurites mollucana (Kukui)... 285, 327, 357 Algaroba (Prosopis juliflora) . . . 16, 17, 20, 247, 316, 318, 328, 403. 405, 406, 408, 465 Allamanda .- 327 Almond 327 Amamau (fern Sadleria sp.) 513 Amarantus 4, 83, 181, 283 Antidesma platyphyllum (Hame or Haa) 87, 510 Antigonon leptopus (Mexican creeper) 553. 554, 555 Apricot (Tortricid in) 44 Argyroxiphium sandwicense (Silversword) 477 virescens (Greensword) 91, 354, 477 sp 92. 98 Artocarpus incisa (Breadfruit) 318. 327 Aspergillus parasiticus 241 Asplenium sp 340 Asters 438 Astelia veratroides 103, 352, 512 Aulu (Sapindus oahuensis) 523 Bamboo 329, 484 Banana 457, 458, 464, 472, 523 Bastard Sandlewood (Myopo- rum sandwicense. ..491, 493 Bauhinia (spinosa) binata 464 Bermuda grass 280, 284, 306, 325, 412 Bidens pilosa 170, 233, 553, 555 Bobea .sp 265, 360, 361, 492, 496, 502 elatior (Ahakea) 491, 495 Boerhaavia tetrandra 378 Boehmeria sp 514 Bombax ceiba (Cotton tree) . . . 190, 245 Bombay mango 239 Breadfruit (Artocarpus incisa) 318, 327 Broussaisia arguta (Kanawau or Puahanui) 344, 352, 353, 358, 470, 471 Broussonetia papyrifera (Ma- hute) 460, 463 Buffalo grass 473 Bunch grass (Eragrostis spp.) . . 278, 286, 324, 325, 413, 417, 420. 421 Byronia (see Ilex). Cactus 489 Caesalpinia sepiaria (Wait-a- bit) 465 Campylotheca 96, 477, 478 mauiensis 99 Canna 454 Capsicum 261 Capparis sandwichiana 4, 316, 318, 326, 383 Cassia fistula 208 gaudichaudii 318, 488 grandis 18 nodosa 18 siamea 18 sp 554 Ceara rubber 327 Charpentiera 285, 357, 501 Cheirodendrpn 247, 250, 339, 472, 489 gaudichaudii (Olapa) .... 180, 250, 252, 253, 339, 492 platyphyllum (Lapalapa) 252 Citrus 553 Clermontia 9, 10, 12, 326 coerulea 506, 514 kakeana 10, 25, 46, 47 parviflora 10, 11 persicifolia 10 Cocoanut 333, 334 Coffee 331 Coprosma 453 ernodioides 104, 516 longifolia 382 montana.. 87, 90, 94 Cordia sebestena 46 Coreopsis 438, 476 Cotton tree (Bombax ceiba)...245 Crotalaria 327 Cyanea aculeatiflora 98 hammatifolia 108 tritomantha ( Aku) 513 truncata 11 sp 10. 98, 514 Cyathodes sp 92 Cynodon dactylon 191 Cyperaceae 473 Cyrtandra 96, 231, 472, 516 mauiensis 93, 97 Daffodil bulbs 606 Deschampsia 38 australis 340, 509 Dodonaea 217 viscosa var. spathulata. 87 Dracaena aurea 122, 357, 360 Dubautia 475, 478, 479 plantaginea (naenae) . . . 477, 478. 511 Egg plant 6 Elaeocarpus sp 458 Elaphoglossum (Acrostic-hum) reticulatum 523 Entomophthora pseudococci 241 Eragrostis 247, 278, 324, 325, 458, 464, 509, 522, 523 atropioides 87, 281 variabilis 86, 199, 203, 278, 286, 325, 413, 417, 420. 421 Krytlirina monosperma (Wili- wili) 307, 308, 318. 360 Eugenia (see Syzygium). Bupatorium sp 477, 524 Euphorbia 54, 87, 286, 319, 320, 322. 325, 326, 327, 329, 339, 349, 350, 358, 359, 392, 399 hillebrandi 286 hookeri integrifolia. .73, 351 multiformis 306, 316, 318, 323 Ferns 211 Ficus 471, 473 Freycinetia arnotti ( ieie vine) 329, 472 Gahnia sp 280 Geranium arboreum 515 Ginger 361 Gleditsia triacanthos 16 Gossypium tomentosum 41 sp 358 Greensword (Argyroxiphium virescens) 354, 477 Guamuchile 407 Gunnera petaloides 100 Guava (Psidium guayava) 332 Haa or Hame (Antidesma platyphyllum) 510 Hibiscus 233, 256, 329 youngianus 328 Hibiscadelphus giffardianus 358 hualalaiensis 232 Ieie vine (Freycinetia arnotti). 329 Ilex (Byronia) 438, 472 sandwicensis (Kawau)..506 Tpomoea bona-nox 326, 357 insularis 88 pentaphyllum 88 pes-caprae (Pohuehue). 88, 277 tuberculata 318 sp. (Morning glory vine) 517, 521 Isachne distichophylla (O h e grass) 469 Kadua glomerata 108 sp 466 Kiawe (see Algaroba). Klu (see Acacia famesiana). Koa (see Acacia koa). Kokia (Gossypium drynarioides Kukui (Aleurites moluccana... 285, 327, 357 Lantana camara 115, 318, 325 I..ens phaseoloides (Snuffbox bean) 524 Lepidium 458 Leucaena glauca (Koa haole)... 2, 3. 521 Lipochaeta 324, 326, 358 calycosa 477 integrifolia 99 subcordata 517 Litchi 458 Lobelia 520 hypoleuca 11 Lobelioideae, insects on 9 Locust, black 3 Loquat 466 Maba sandwicensis (Lama).... 6, 467 Macadamia nut 181 Mahute (see Broussonetia papy- rifera). Mamani (see Sophoia chryso- phylla). Mango 239, 323, 467, 471, 474 Mamake (see Plpturus albidus). Manienie grass 523 Metrosideros polymorpha (see Ohia lehua). var. glaberriina 88 sp , 491 Mexican creeper (Antigonon leptopus) 553, 554, 555 Mokihana (Pelea anisata) 535 Monkey pod (Samanea saman) 13, 18, 324, 332, 359, 406, 407, 465 Morning-glory vine (Ipomoea sp.) 517, 521 Morinda citrifolia (Noni)..318, 331 Mucuna gigantea 517 Myoporum sandwicense (Naio) 317, 318, 324, 491, 493 Myrsine 346 Naenae (see Duhautia planta- ginea). Naio (see Myoporum sandwi- cense). Native grass 330 Naupaka (see Seaevola cliamis- soniana). Neraudia melastomaefolia 386 Noni (see Morinda citrifolia). Nothopanax guilfoylei 252 Nutgrass 473 Ochrosia 2 Ohia ha (Syzygium sandwi- cense) 360, 361, 496, 501 Ohia lehua (Metrosideros poly- morpha) 39 344, 454, 496, 501, 506, 509 Olomea (see Perrottetia sand- wieensis). O p i u m a (see Pithecolobium dulce) 458, 465 Opuhe (see Urera sandwicensis). Orange 539, 541 Painiu (see Astelia veratroides). Palm 256, 278, 348, 359, 463, 518, 523, 554 Paper mulberry 318 Paspalum grass 523 Pelea sp 345, 440, 489, 491, 494, 499, 500, 503, 504, 531 anisata (Mokihana) 535 clusiaefolia 534 elliptica 534 gayana 535 kauaiensis 535 lydgatei 533 oblongifolia 533 rotundifolia .532, 535 sapotaefolia .534 535 Perrottetia sandwicensis (Olo mea or Waimea) . ..265 360, 361, 491, 495, 501, 502 Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) . . .468 Pineapples 1 refuse .360 Pipturus albidus (Mamake) . . . 1, 98, 101, 257 ■. 297 ■, 357, 386, 438, 491, 494, 495 Pisonia .857, iuma 472 Pithecolobium dulce (Op ) 406, 458, 4fi'S unguiscatae .407 Pittosporum 361, 382, 438, 453 Plantago major .171 Platydesma campanulata. 256, ?7S 345 Portulaca oleracea .378 villosa .318 Pritchardia 13, 256, 359, 518 463 martii .348, 523 Prosopis Juliflora (Alga roba kiawe) 16, 17, 20, 247, 31« 318, 328, 405, 406, 408, 465 Pseudopanax .327 Pterotropia 252 Raillardia ciliolata. . . .233, 515, 517 menziesii ... . 99 102 platyphyllum .102 scabra (Kupaua) .516 477 6, 252, 384, 47^ Ribes sp 531 Rollandia 9, 10 crispa , 11 humboldtiana .... . 10 Rubus hawaiiensis .491 491, 495, 523 Sadleria (ferns) ..340, 513 Samanea saman (Monkey pod) 13 IS 324, 332, 359, 406, 407, 465 Sandlewood (Santalum).. . , ..318, 555 Santalum littorale .555 Sapindus oahuensis .523 Seaevola chamissoniana.28 . 453, 488 koenigii .524 Sesbania coccinea . 18 sesban . 18 tomentosa ...Ai !, 88 Sida 87, 318, 326, 358 Siderocarpus flexicaulls ..332, 407 Silversword (see Argyroxiphium sandwicense). Siris tree, (see Albissia lebtaek). Sisal 247, 318 Smilax 287, 304, 347, 454, 464, 465 sandwicensis 108 Snuffbox bean (Lens phaseo- loides) 524 Sonchus sp 467 Sophora chrysophylla (Mamani) 322, 347, 491, 493, 494 Sporobolus virginicus 201, 279 281, 282, 324, 325. 509, 522 Staphylea grayana 92 Stenogyne kamehamehae 95 Straussia 303, 357, 360, 379, 453 kaduana 75 Sugar beets 283 cane 318 329, 467. 473. 488, 522, 576 Suttonia...250, 284, 346, 491, 494, 495 Syzyglum sandwicense (Ohia ha) 360, 361. 496, 501 Tamarind 3, 328, 488 "Tenaza" 332, 407 Tetramolopium humile 89 Tetraplasandra meiaudra 252 oahuensis 252 Thuya 247 Ti (Cordyline terminalis) 318 Tree fern 340, 506 t:^rera sandwicensis 346, 491, 495, 514 Vineentia angustifolia 340 Vitex trifolia 277 Wait-a-bit (Caesalpinia sepia- ria) 465 Wiliwili (Erythrina monosper- ma) 307, 308, 318, 360 Wikstroemia sp 377, 378 Xanthoxylum 345, 491, 494 dipetalum 493 Xylosma hawailense 8, 287 Yams 318 Yucca 247 FIRST RECORDS AND IMMI- GRANTS Allograpta obliqua (new Syr- phid) -.456, 521, 610 Aloha myoporicola 324 Amblyteles sp 266, 448 Ammophorus insularis 466, 610 Anabrolepis extranea 434, 449 Anagyrus antoninae. . .325, 409, 448 Anthomyid fly 266, 448 Aphis middletonii 438, 449, 455 Aseyltus penicillatus (spider)... 38 Ataenius cognatus (A. stercora- tor) 606, 607 Atractomorpha crenaticeps 522 Bibionid fly 284, 448 Bruchus limbatus. .324, 332, 406, 448 obtectus 521 pruininus 2, 338, 521 sallaei 15 Calandra remota 76 taitensis 333, 448, 455 Caryoborus gonagra 338, 488 Cephalonomia sp 284, 326, 448 Cerambycid beetle 82, 326, 448 Ceratitis capitata in Capparis sandwichiana 4 Cercyon quisquilius 607, 610 Chrysidid 521 Chrysopa sp 361. 449, 455, 488 Clerid beetle 359, 449 Coccus acutissimus 458, 610 Coniocampsa vesiculigera 7 Cremastus hymeniae 265 Cryptopleurum minutus. . . .607, 610 Cryptorhynchus mangiferae 323 Crj'ptotermes brevis 13. 182, 249, 456 Dendryphantes sp. (.spider) 522 Diachus auratus 3, 521 Dolichurus stantoni 43. 180, 522 Encyrtidae (immigrant) 183 K. Epyris extraneus 2, 488, 521 Eristalis aeneus. . .329, 339. 360, 448 Eucnocerus anthrenoides 487. 524, 606, 610 Ginger weevil (Pteroporus sub- truncatus) 82, 83, 361 Helegonatopus pseudophanes. . . 2 Heterospilus prosopidis 3, 338 Hydrobius sp 488 Hyperaspis jocosa 521 Itonidid 329, 448 Itoplectis immigrans 271, 448 Jassid on Amaranth 83 Lepisma sp 453, 610 Locustid (Teratura sp.) ."...330, 338, 448, 467 Malachiid beetle 327, 448 Mango weevil 323, 467 Megachile timberlakei 488, 522 fuUawayi. .524. 552, 556, 610 Nesepyris ewa 310, 448 Nitidulid 338, 448 Opisthacantha dubiosa 2 Oxya velox on Maui 53 Oxytelus sculptus 607, 610 rachyneuron anthomyiae. . .330, 448 Paromalus lautus 606, 610 Pison argentatum 522 Plagiomerus hospes 428, 449 Psammodius nanus 606, 610 Strumigenys lewisi 4o3 Pseudogonatopus liospes 2 Syrphid, new (Allograpta ob- Psychodid fly 248, 448 ^^^^.^-^ 456, 521, 610 Saprinus fimbriatus 606, 610 Sarcophaga fuscicauda 256 Saronotum australiae 2 Scypophorus sp 247, 448 Silaon rhoweri Teratiira (Locustid) 330, 338, 448, 467 Thoracaphis flci 471, 473, 610 Tortricid 44 284, 331,- 398, 448. 455 Trypoxylon bicolor 488 Stenommatus musae 457, 610 sp 75. 458 Sternochaetus mangiferae 467 Vespa occidentalis 455 ERRATA IN VOLUME IV In addition to the lists previously printed, the following- have been discovered : Page 5, line 14, for "macnUfcniui' read "macnligerum" . 36, line 4 from bottom, for "coccooned" read "co- cooned". 55, line 16, for "extraneous" read "extraneus". 75, line 3 from bottom, for "Nesodryas n. sp." read "Ilhiirnia lobeliae". 78, line 2. for "exits" read "exists". 79, line 18, for "eaxmple" read "example". 80, line 4 from bottom, for "squamous" read "squamus". 82. line 13, for "rhizones" read "rhizomes". 88. line 4 from bottom, for "ietramalopU" read "tetra- iiiolopii". 90, line 9, for "teframalopii" read "tetramolopii". *^1, line 20, for "teframalopii" read "tetramolopii". 104. Hne 4 from bottom, for "teframalopii" read "tetra- molopii'. 106. line 4 from bottom, fox "teframalopii" read "tetra- molopii". 102, line Z2, for "platyphyllum" read " platy phylla" . 109, Hne 14, for "Dinacampus" read "Dinocampus" . 109, line 15, for "Crawford" read "Viereck". 116, line 11. omit the comma after "Szve.'^eyi" . 116, line 14, for "edges" read "eyes". 135, line at bottom, for "edeagus" read "aedeagus". 137, line 5, for "edeagus" read "aedeagus". 135, line 2, for "eight" read "eighth". 178, line 7, for "hte" read "the". Page 181, line 7, place brackets around "Emb.". 201, line 11, for "narly" read "nearly". 209, line 16, for "transvrsely" read "transversely". 202, line 4, for "latter" read "occipital margin". 213, line 30, for " planifrons" read "planiformis". 228, lines 26 and 27, interchange. 243, line 23, for "Cyreme" read "Cyrema". 327, lines 12, 13, for "sallei" read "sallaei" . 328, lines 27, 34, for " Schist ocerus" read "Schistoceros". 477, line 6 from bottom, for "nudem" read "nudum". 482, line 3 from bottom, for "Devuaga" read "Devaraya". 486, bottom line, for "Alandidrug" read "Nandidrug". 515, line 36, for "arhoriuni' read "nrhoreuni". 608, line 17, for "Sternochetus" read "Sternochactus". 610, Add to the list: "Vcspa occidcntaUs Cresson (Hvm.) 455. Vol. IV., No. 1. June, 1919. PROCEEDINGS OF THE HAWAIIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR 1918 HONOLULU, HAWAII Price 50 Cents '.JV.' :^m OFFICERS 1918 PRESIDENT C. E. PEMBERTON VICE-PRESIDENT P. H. TIMBERLAKE SECRETARY-TREASURER D. T. FULLAWAY EDITOR OF PROCEEDINGS O. H. SWEZEY MEMBERSHIP 1918 Bridwell, J. C. Bryan, W. A. Carter, G. R. Cooke, J. P. Crawford, D. L. Ehrhorn, E. M. Fullaway, D. T. GiflFard, W. M. Grinnell, F. Holmes, H. Illingworth, J. F. *Koebele, A. Kuhns, D. B. Mant, C. F. Williams, F. X. Muir, F, Munro, James *Newell, Bro. Matthias Osborn, H, T. Pemberton, C. E. *Perkins, R. C. L. Potter, W. R. R. Rosa, J. *Sharp, D. Swezey, O. H. Tenney, E. D. Timberlake, P. H. Wilder. G. P. Willard, H. F. 'Honorary members. All correspondence should be addressed to the Secretary, Hawaiian Entomological Society, Honolulu, Hawaii, from whom copies of the Pro- ceedings may be purchased. Volume I of the Proceedings, for 1905-07 (in five numbers), con- tains 210 pages, 4 plates and 5 text figures. Volume II, 1908-12 (in five numbers), contains 311 pages, 7 plates, 5 cuts and i portrait. Volume III, 1913-1917 (in five numbers), contains 500 pages, 8 plates and 6 cuts. Price per volume, $2.00. Price of any single number, 50 cents. PROCEEDINGS Hawaiian Entomological Society Vol. IV, Xo. 1. For the Year 1918. June, 1919. JAXUARY 3rd, 1918. The one hundred forty-eighth meeting- of the Society was held in the usnal place, President Pemberton in the chair. Other members present : Messrs Bridwell, Crawford, Ehrhorn, Fnllaway, Mant, Swezey, Timberlake and Willard. Minutes of previous meeting read and approved, -with cor- rections. ENTOMOLOGICAL PROGRAM. Lepidoptera from India. — Mr. Mant exhibited a collection of Lepidoptera from Sikkim, India, including one specimen from Aru. Vanessa tammeamea. — Mr. Swezey reported seeing a Ka- mehanieha butterfly in his garden at Kaimuki, The insect seldom comes down from the mountain forests where its native food-plant (Pipturus) grows. Pantala flavescens. — ]\Ir. Pemberton reported finding a specimen of this dragonfly 15 miles from land in the channel between Oahu and Molokai. Phora sp. — Mr. Pemberton exhibited a series of a Phorid fly bred from decaying pineapples. SieroJa from. Fiji. — Mr. Bridwell reported finding a species of Sicrola among material collected in Fiji by Mr. Mmv. There are no previons records of the genns in Fiji, Epyiis extraneus in the Philippines. — Mr. Br id well report- ed finding this Bethylid in material collected by Mr. Muir in the Philippines. The species was recently described by him from examples collected in Honolnlu. Margaronia exaida. — Mr. Fnllaway reported breeding this moth from Ochrosia at the Government Xnrsery. Lindorus hpliantliue. — Mr. Fnllaway gave notes on the egg- laying habits of this lady-beetle, which oviposits beneath the scale of Phenacaspis eugeniae. Maui Insect Notes. BY (). II. SW^EZEY. Dec. 18 to 21, 1917, were spent on ]\[ani sngar plantations investigating leafhopper conditions. At the same time the following insects exhibited were noted and collected, being the first record of their capture on the Island, except in case of the last three. Epytis extraneus. Two specimens of this recent immigrant were taken, each was on a cane leaf, one at Punnene and the other at Wailnkn. Opisthacantha duhiosa. One specimen taken on a cane leaf at Lahaina. Pseudogonatopus hospes. Leafhoppers parasitized by this Dryinid were observed in canefields at Punnene, Wailuku and Lahaina. Some cocoons were also found on the leaves. Helegonatopus pseudophanes. Keared from Pseudogona- topus hospes cocoons at Punnene. Saronotum australiae. Eeared from cane leaves collected at Olowaln. Undoubtedly from a Dryinid cocoon on one of the leaves. Bruchus pruininus. Seven specimens taken on flowers of Lucaena glavca at Kihei, Wailnkn and Lahaina. Heterospilus prosopidis. One specimen taken on a cane leaf at Waihikn. It is the introdnced parasite on the above Bruehid. Diaclius auratus. Six specimens taken on flowers of Lu- caena glauca at Lahaina. Calandra linearis var. striafus. Several dead specimens in old tamarind pods at Lahaina. Schistoceros cornutus and Sinoxylon conigerum. Both these beetles fonnd in the branches of a dying Hibiscns in a hedge at AVailuku. Catorama mexicana. One specimen in tamarind pod at Lahaina. FEBRUARY Tth, 1918. The one Inmdred forty-ninth meeting of the Society was held in the usual place, President Pemberton in the chair. Other members present: Messrs. Bridwell, Cra\\ford, Fnlla- way, Gifi^ard, Mant, Swezey, Timberlake, Wilder, and Wil- liams. Minutes of previous meeting read and approved. ?>^OTES AXD EXHIBITIONS. Bruchus pruininus. — Mr. Bridwell gave some notes on the habits of this beetle in Honolulu. Mr. Swezey reported having colected it last year at Chico, California, where it breeds iu the seeds of the black locust. Ilalobates sp. — Mr. Pemberton reported again finding this marine bug numerous along the beach at Waikiki during a heavy ''kona" storm. They appear, according to his observa- tion, only when the wind blows steadily from the south for two or three days. Samoan Insects. — Mr, Giffard exhibited a small lot of insects from American Samoa, collected bv Dr. H. C. Kellers, U. S. IN"., and transmitted hj Governor Poyer. It included moths, butterflies, phasmids, dragonflies, and roaches ; also a few Aculate Hymenoptera collected bj Professor E. W. Doane at Apia, British (formerly German) Samoa. Plutella maculipennis. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a series of this moth bred from the pods of Capparis sandwich ens is, col- lected on a rocky ledge a little east of Diamond Head. The series presented variations. keratitis capitata. — Mr. Swezey reported breeding seven adult Mediterranean fruitflies from a fruit of Capparis sand- wicliiana, from the same locality as above. It is the first rec- ord of this being a host plant for this fly. Ch el onus hiackhurni. — Mr. Swezey reported on some ol)- servations made by him on the habits of this Braconid which indicate that it has similar habits to C. texanus, the biology of which was published l\y Pierce and Holloway in the Journal of Economic Entomology, V, p. 425, 1912. He observed the adults of (li el onus flying about an Aniaraiitits phint on which Hymenia recnrcaJis was breeding, and saw them apparently ovipositing in the Hymenia eggs. Of 11 eggs collected froui the plant, only one went thru to maturity and produced a moth, Seven were destroyed by an egg-parasite {Fentarthron flarum), and two hatched caterpillars which nearly reached their full growth, spun cocoons, then were devoured by the Braconid larva which had developed inside each of them. On account of being disturbed, the larvae failed to make cocoons and did not mature, tlio they developed far enough to be recognized as CheJonus. and tlnis demonstrates the similarity of its life-his- tory to that of C. texanus and perhaps other species of Che- loniis. Nests of Philippine Wasj^s. — Mr. Williams exhibited the peculiar nests of certain solitary wasps found in the Pliilip- pine Islands, and gave notes on the habits of the builders. CalUgaster sp. — A large nest of several cells covered with, leaves. The egg is placed in the middle of the side of the cell, not suspended. The larva is active and is fed from day to day. Ischnogaster sp. — Forms a link between Vespids and Eiimenids. Young fed with nec- tar. Hair fungus attached to nest. Ischnogaster sp. — Xest made of decayed wood and very fragile. Ischnogaster sp. — Pedicel of nest with ant- guard. A species of Vespa goes around breaking down these nests. .Serangium macidifenini and Cyrema nigelhun. Mr. Full- away stated that the small black Coccinellid occasionally taken hei-e is known under these two names but there appears to be but one species, for which the first name should be used. Fruitfly control. — In a discussion of the present state of fruitfly control, Mr. Giffard reported that in Honolulu a great deal more sound fruit is being obtained at present than for some years past, and that he was positive that musk melon crops were ruined by the melonfly as early as 1881, although the lly was not reported here until 1897. MARCH Ttii, 1918. The one hundred fiftieth meeting of the Society was held in the usual place. President Pemberton in the chair. Other members present : Messrs. Crawford, Ehrhorn, Fullaway, Gif- fard, Kuhns, Swezey and Timberlake. Minutes of previous meeting read and approved with cor- rections. >'OTES AXD EXHIBITIOXS. Chalcolepidius erythroloma. — Mr. Swezey exhibited an ap- parently nearly fnll-grown larva of this large Elaterid beetle which he had fonnd in a dead, partially rotten tree trnnk of Maba sandwicensis on Niu Ridge, February 10th, 1918. There were termites and lepidopterous larvae in the same tree. Some of the termites were placed in a tin box with the beetle larva and after a day or two were fonnd to have all been eaten. Since then, it has been fed with the larvae of Adoreius, eating two or three daily. Thus the predacious habit of this Elaterid is proven. Capua n. sp. — Mr. Swezey exhibited 6 specimens of a Tortricid moth reared from larvae found on the leaves of Reynoldsia sandwicensis in Niu Valley, February 10th, 3 918, which is an undescribed species not previously collected. Tliecla echimi. — A specimen of this butterfly was exhibited by Mr. Swezey, bred on egg-plant. The larvae were found on the leaves and in the fruit, February 5th. Three butterflies were reared from the material gathered. The species is one of the two species of butterflies introduced from Mexico to feed on Lantana. In 1908, Kotinsky reported having bred one of these butterflies from pepper pods (Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. II, p. 36, 1909). It may possibly have been this species. Nesosydne lealii. — Mr. Giffard reported that he and Mr. Fullaway in collecting on Diamond Head slopes, February 24th, 1918, had discovered the macropterous form of this Del- phacid. California Hemiptera. — Mr. Giffard exhibited a collection of Central Californian Homoptera and Heteroptera made by him during the summers of 1916 and 1917, and determined and catalogued by Mr. E. P. Van Duzee in the Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. Vol. II, T^o. 11, pp. 249-318, Dec. 31, 1917. The collection enumer- ates 355 species in all, including a few forms taken by Mr. Gif- fai'cl in the Sierras, Oregon and Washington. Inelnded in the above, Mr. Van Duzee has described 47 new species. The col- lection exhibited inchides series of a large majority of the species enumerated together with allotypes and paratypes of the new species. All holotypes are in the collections of the California Academy of Sciences. . Ithamar n. sp. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a specimen of bug collected on iSTiu Ridge, February 10th, 1918, which is un- doubtedly a new species of this genus, or a closely related one.* APRIL 4th, 1918. The one hundred fifty-first meeting of the Society was held in the usual place, President Pemberton in the chair. Other members present: Messrs. Crawford, Ehrhorn, Fullaway, Gif- fard, Kuhns, Osborn, Pemberton, Swezey, Timberlake and Willard. Mr. Van der Goot of Buitenzorg, Java, was a visitor. Minutes of previous meeting read and approved. Mr. Joseph Rosa was elected to active membership. NOTES AND EXHIBITIONS. Coniocampsa vesicidigera. — Mr. Swezey exhibited five specimens of this Coniopterigid collected by him March 17th at Ewa by sweeping on Euphorbia bushes. He stated that he had collected a few specimens at his place in Kaimuki in 1914, which was the first record of its capture in Hawaii. Pipunculus sp. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited a Pipunculus fly captured March 25th on the window at the Sugar Planters' Experiment Station. It is thought to be the first record of the capture of a Pipunculus in the city of Honolulu, they custom- arily remaining in their natural habitat in the mountain for- ests. * The same species was taken by Mr. Bridwell at the Xnuanu Pali on Euphorbia, June, 1917, and later on Euphorbia in lao Valley, Maui, 1918, by Swezey and Bridwell. 8 Cerotrioza hivittata. — Mr. Swezev exhibited a specinitn of this Psjllid collected hj him on Mt. Tantalus, March 29th. This insect has been collected bnt a few times, first at Opaeula, next at Niu, and now on Tantalns. In each case but a speci- men or two were taken, and always on Xylosma Hawaiiense. He rah era sp. — Mr. Sweaey exhibited specimens of a Psyllid bred from nymphs on Pelea leaves from j\It. Tantalus. The nymphs resembled Aleyrodids, and were not in galls the same as other species of Hevaheva occurring on Pelea. Instead they were situated in slight depressions on the surface of the leaf. Notes on Java Insects. — Mr. Van der Goot spoke some on insect collecting in flava. He exhibited specimens of a q\u>er Coccid which climbs on the backs of ants and is thus trans- ported by them. He referred to the chief agricultural insect pests in Java : scale insects, caterpillars, and white grubs He stated that the leafhoppers were not injurious to sugar cane, the most important cane pest being the uioth borer. MAY 2x1), 1!)1S. The one hundred fifty-second meeting of the Society was held in the usual place, Vice-President Timberlake in the chair. Other members present : Messrs. Crawford, Ehrhorn, FuUaway, Giffard, Kuhns, Rosa and Swezey. ]\finutes of previous meeting read and approved. On account of the Treasurer reporting lack of funds sufil- cient to pay the printing bill for the 1917 Proceedings, Mr. Giffard was appointed a committee to seek financial assistance from the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association. It was voted that a bound copy of Vol. Ill of the Proceedings be procured and presented to the Trustees of the Association. Insects Occurring on Plants of Lobelioideae in the Hawaiian Islands. BY O. II. SWEZEV. The species of this family are not much attacked by insects. Those which do attack them are not particularly injurioas to the plants. The fact that so few insects attack the Lobelioideae accounts for there having been less special attention given to collecting insects from these plants than to many others which yield insects in greater numbers. Some of the insects mentioned below may be specially attached to their respective plants, not having been reared from others ; but the records are altogether too meager to state with certainty until more observations are made. The following list is made u\) from the records of several entomologists : Dr. Perkins, Messrs. Giffard, Swezey, Timbcrlake and Brid- well. These records are almost entirely from collecting on the Island of Oahu. If special collecting should be done on the Lobelioideae on the other islands no doubt many more species could be added to the list. HYMEXOPTERA. Family Beaconidae. Microdus Juuraiicola. Bred from Thywcopa sp. in dead stem of Clermonfia. A Figitid has been collected on Bollandia. It was probably parasitic on a Drosophilid. LEPIDOPTERA. Family Geleciiiidae. Thyrocopa sp. This moth has been reared from larvae in dead stems of Clermontia. Prcc. Maw. Ent. Sec, IV. Xo. r, June. iQrt). 10 Family Carposinidae. Heterocrossa olivaceonitens. This moth has often been reared from larvae in the fruit and flower buds of Clermontia Ji-al-eana. It has been reared also from various other kinds of fruits. Heterocrossa gemmata. This moth has been reared from the flowers and fruit of Rollandia, and from the fruit of Clermontia. Heterocrossa crinifera. This sj)ecies occurs as a leaf-miner in Rollandia Humholdtimia. Heterocrossa sp. An undetermined species reared on one occasion from larva boring in stem of Cyanea. Family Hyponomeutidae. Neelys'ia sp. Reared from larvae in dead stems of Cler- montia. Hyperdasys cryptogamiellus. This moth was reared from a larva in the dead stem of Clermontia. It has been found in dead wood of other kinds as well. Family Tixeidae. Opogona aurisciuamosa and 0. apiccdis. Reared from lar- vae in dead Clermontia stems. DIPTERA. Family Agromyzidae. Agromyza sp. On a few occasions the leaves of Clermontia persicifolia have been found mined Avith the larvae of a fly, but none reared to maturity. Larvae of some fly have been found in young shoots of Clermontia parviflora on Hawaii. Perhaps some Drosophilid or other scavenger. 11 HEMIPTERA. Family Delphacidae. Nesosydne hlachhurni. This leafhopper has been taken on Clermontia parviflora, on Hawaii, bnt it usnally occnrs on other plants. Nesosydne pseudoruhescens. This species has also been taken on Clermontia parviflora, the it usnally occurs on koa. Nesosydne loheliae and N. montis-tantalus occur on Lobelia hypoleuca. Nesosydne timherlaJcei has been taken on Cyanea triuuata. Nesosydne wailupensis has been collected on Rollandia crispa. Nesodryas giffardi has been collected in abundance on Rol- landia crispa. Family Tettigoxiidae. ^ Nesophrosyne spp. Several species of these leafhcppers have been collected from different Lobelioideae, but they are as yet undetermined. Family Miridae. Several species of plant bugs have been collected from Lobelioideae, but they are as yet undetermined. Family Anthocoridae. A bug of this family has been taken in hollow dead i^tems, where in search of prey. Family Coccidae. Saissetia hemispherica. Has been found on Clermontia parviflora on Hawaii. COLEOPTERA. Family Carabidae. A few of this family are sometimes found hiding or in search of prey in the hollow dead stems of Clermontia. 12 Family Xitidulidae. Ortliostolus rohustus, and other beetles of this family are often found very numerous in the flowers and decaying fruits of many if not all species of Lobelioideae, Some are also found in decaying bark of the dying stems. Family Pkoterhixidae. An undetermined species of this family has been reared from larvae in dead CJcrmontia stems. There may be other species also. Family Scolytidae. A species of this family has been taken in dead Clennontia stems. Family Cukculioxidae. Dryophthorus crassus. This large Cossonid beetle has been taken in abundance in dead Clermont ia stems. Oodcmas sp. has been taken in similar situations as the above. ORTITOPTERA. Family Gkyleidae. Prognathofjryllus alatus and P. stridulans. These peculiar crickets and other allied species are often found hiding in hol- low dead stems of Clennontia and other Lobelioideae. THYSAIsTOPTERA. JlcVtothrips liaeinorhoidnJis. Has been collected on Cler- montia pa rri flora on Hawaii. XOTES AXD EXiriBITIOXS. Plpuneuhis sp. — Mr. Rosa exhibited puparia of a Pipuueu- lus fly obtained from leafhoppers on sugar cane at the II. S. P. A. Experiment Station grounds, undoubtedly the same spe- cies that was exhibited bv Mr. Timberlake at the last meetino-. 13 caught by him on the window at the Experiment Station. Mr. Timberlake stated that the species is near to P. terryl of Kanai. Hahjmnococcus( 'i) sp. — Mr. Ehrhorn exhibited the seeds of a branching pahn from Egypt which bore specimens of a pecu- liar Coccid secreting itself nnder the bracts of the seeds and re- sembling a sea shell. It probably belongs to the genus Halym- uococcus. A similar scale has been found on seeds of the native palm (Pritchardia) in Hawaii. Deilephila calida. — Mr. Sw^ezey reported that he and Mr. Bridwell had observed* one of these moths at Metrosideros blos- soms in the daytime on Wailupe Kidge, April 21, 1918. Cremastus hymeniae. — This Ophionid was first recorded by Marsh in 1910, he having bred it from Hymenia recur valis. Mr. Swezey gave the following list of hosts at present known to him: Hymenia reciirvalis, Nacoleia accepta, N. hlackhurni, N. monocjona, Phlydaenia calcophanes,, P. platyleuca, Phlyc- taenia n. sp. (on Campylotheca), Heterocrossa gramini color, Crypfophlebia iUepida, Tortrix metallurgica, Bactva straminea, Batracliedra cunicidator, Petrochroa dimorpha, Pyroderces rileyi, Ereimetis flavistriata. A total of 15 species. Copfofermes. — ^Iv. Crawford reported this termite having been taken l)y Prof. Young destroying boxes in a warehouse near the waterfront. C rypiotennes.—'^h'. Crawford reported this termite as taken at the same time as the above destroying shooks in the l)undle. Xyleborus sp. — This Scolytid reported by Mr. Crawford attacking living wood of a monkey-pod tree in Manoa Valley. Hypotlienemus eruditus. — Mr. Crawford reported having bred this Scolytid from twigs of Amherstia nobilis last March. The beetles bored thru the central axis of living terminal twigs, killing new growth. The same species was very abundant in dead branches of a monkey-pod tree. Psyllid types. — ]\Ir. Crawford reported that the types in a 14 -collection of Hawaiian Psyllids of Mr. Giffard's which he had been working up have been turned over to Mr. Giffard who in turn will place them in the Collection of the Hawaiian Entomo- logical Society. The list is as follows: Trioza lanaiensis, T. puUata, T. hawaiiensis, Hevaheva hyalina, H. giffardi. The stipulation by Mr. Giffard was that his types should not leave the Territory, altho the Society might itself provide for their disposition in case it could no longer care for them. The re- maining of Mr. Crawford's species of Hawaiian Psyllidae have also been turned over to the same collection. Potassium cyanide inocidatioi. — Mr. Crawford called at- tention to a note in Science, page 344, April 5, 1918, in regard to killing Coccidae by inoculating potassium cyanide into trees. He also made some remarks on the very extensive work on Philippine insects and fungi by C. F. Baker, Dean of the College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines. JUXE 6tii, 1918. The one hundred fifty-third meeting of the Society was held in the usual place. President Pemberton in the chair. Other members present: Messrs. Ehrhorn, Fullaway, Giffard, Rosa, Swezey, Timberlake, Willard and Williams. ]\rinutes of previous meeting read and approved. Mr. Giffard as committee on seeking financial assistance, reported that he had received favorable response from the Trus- tees of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association. A vote of thanks was extended to Mr. Giffard for his efforts on behalf of the Society. Committee on Exchanges presented a list of institutions with whom it was considered desirable to offer exchange of publications. It was voted that the Secretary address a letter to each institution inviting an exchange of publications. 15 Some Additional Notes on Bnichidae and Their Parasites in the Hawaiian Islands. by john colburx beidwell. 1. Bruciius sallaei, Sharp, Another Xew-Founj; Immigrant. Acacia famesiana is cue of the immigrant leguminous plants which has found the Hawaiian climate and soils pecu- liarly well adapted to its needs and is now very widely distrib- uted in the dryer lowlands and lower hills to an elevation of about five or six hundred feet. It is a troublesome spiny shrub which since the time Dr. Hillebrand wrote his account has occupied large areas of pasture lands. In the Flora he speaks of it as having occupied areas in the vicinity of the Pearl River Inlet. Its spread is not easy to account for, since the seeds, as large as small peas, do not appear to have any par- ticular means of distribution. It seeds very freely but is at- tacked by several species of insects which live in the pods and at least three of these are of considerable importance in de- stroying the seeds. Cryptophlehia illepida attacks the pods before the seeds harden and later enters and devours a very large part of the ripening seeds, each larva destroying several seeds Myelois ceratoniae feeds in the pods in much the same way. Several other moths and three or four species of beetles feed in the pods which have been injured in this manner but apparently play no part in the destruction of the seeds. The Bruchid Caryohorus gonagra enters the pods from eggs laid on the surface and each larva may destroy one or more seeds. These beneficial attacks have been familiar to all Hawaiian entomologists. Having occasion on May 30, 1918, to examine some of these pods to secure material for the study of Caryo- horus gonagra, I was interested to find the pods containing another Bruchid closely resembling Bruchus prosopis in consid- erable numbers in the Punchbowl district of Honolulu. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i, June, 1919. 16 Upon examination this proved to be Bruclius sallaei Sharp (Biologia Centrali Americana, Coleoptera 5:475, 1885) pre- vionslj known from Texas, Mexico and Central America. It is the nearest Xorth American ally of Bruchus prosopi>i and would run to that species in my table of Hawaiian Brnchidae (Proc. Ilawn. Ent. 8oe. 3:466-468, 1918). It may be distin- guished by the much shorter scntelhim and bv the transverse glabrons impunctate area above the eyes. In B. prosopis the sciitellum is longer than broad while in B. sallaei it is broader than long. While closely allied to B. prosopis and like that species pos- sessing an elongate ovipositor in the female, its egg-laying hab- its are markedly different. Ciishman in his admirable "I*^otes on the Host Plants and Parasites of Xorth American Brnchi- dae," (Jour. Eeou. Ent. 4:489-510, 1911) has described the egg and recorded as breeding from Acacia farnesiana. Acacia amen- /ac(?a, and Glcditsia triacantJios in Texas and recorded it as the host of a large number of parasites. He records it as oviposit- ing on the pods and I have secured oviposition also upon the seeds. The eggs resemble those of Caryohorus (jonagra but are smaller, and narrower and tend to be laid in groups of 2-5 partly overlapping. Each larva feeds at the expense of a single seed and practically destroys the seed in its development. It pupates within the seed without making any apparent cocoon and the adult emerges by gnawing away a circular disc of the seed coat. Adults placed in confinement with the pods of Prosopis jidi flora fed upon the sweet substance of the pulp and oviposited though not very freely upon the pods. From these eggs developed in due time small adults. Whether the species will utilize algaroba pods for breeding in the open un- der natural conditions remains to be seen. If TJscana semifumipemds is an American insect it is not improbable that it reached the Islands with this species since its eggs are parasitized by it. This Bruchid has so far only been found on the slopes of 17 Punchbowl though no adequate effort has been made to find it elsewhere. 2. Bkuchus obtectus Say uxdek Another Xame. Alfken (Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. 19:572, 1901) reports Mylahris (Bruchus) mimosae Fab. as found by Schauinsland at Pearl Harbor during a voyage in the Pacific in 1896 and 1897. This name was formerly incorrectly, as it is now be- lieved, applied to Bruchus obtectus Say. Unless the determi- nation w^as erroneous then the common bean weevil was here as early as 1897. Possibly, however, the specimens may have been Bruchus prosopis. 3. Bruchus prosopis. Adults emerged May 14, 1918, from eggs secured experi- mentally in pods of Prosopis juliflora between Dec. 27, 1917, and Jan. 4, eggs having been certainly laid on the first date. This gives at least 130 days from egg to emergence of adult. The emergence of the adults was perhaps retarded by the drv condition in which the seeds w^ere kept. This is much the long- est period observed for the development of Bruchidae in Hawaii. 4. The Dolichos Weevil Identified. Specimens of the Dolichos weevil transmitted to Dr. How- ard for determination were identified by Mr. E. A. Schwarz as Pachymerus phaseoli (Gjllenhal) ±^Bruchus phaseoli Gyl- lenhal (in Schoenherr Gen. Cure. 1:37, 1833). The specie, was originally described from Brazil and has been reported as introduced into France and Italy. Whether its host plants have been previously reported the literature at hand does not permit me to ascertain. Probably it has spread with its host plant and is not indigenous to Brazil, which is not rich in legumes related to Dolichos. 18 5. BErcHi's PKi'i-xixus. This sjjecies has been bred experimentallv from the follow- ing additional hosts: Cassia siarnea, Samanea. saman, Acacia decurrens, Sesbania coccinea. and Cassia grand is. Breeding this from the seeds of the monkeypod (Samanca saman) is of interest since we have no local record of this spe- cies being attacked by Bruchidae, the seeds being protected bv the chambered pods with a gummy or syrupy content. The seeds of Cassia nodosa have a copious albumen and the cotyledons reach the seed coat only along their edges. When the eggs are laid immediately over the cotyledons the larvae are able to penetrate into them and develop. When they are placed over the albumen the larvae are unable to penetrate this and perish. I have retained a lot of infested seeds of Sesbania sesban in which this species was breeding for more than a year and the generations have followed one another imtil the seed are all practically destroyed. There is then no doubt that the species can maintain itself in storage indefinitely. 6. Bruchus quadrimaculatus. This species was observed on Maui attacking cowpeas in the field. It is a most serious enemy of the cowpea and pigeon peas in storage but does not appear to attack the latter in the field on Maui. 7. CARYOBOKrS GO X AGRA. A larva of this species successfully completed its growtli during February, 1918, in a pod of Cassia nodosa by proceed- ing from one withered undeveloped seed to another. 8. The Two-Spotted Beax Weevil Identified. As was suggest-ed this species proves to be Spermopliagns pectoralis Sharp according to the determination of Mr. Schwarz. 19 9. Parasites of Brl'ciiidae in Stoeage. The practical unimportance of parasites in the control of Bruchidae in stored products was illustrated by conditions in Maui. On account of the shortage of labor due to the war some beans, cowpeas and pigeon peas had been neglected and the latter were heavily infested with Bruchus guadHmaculatus. They were so numerous that thousands of the adults were sifted out and practically every one of the cowpeas and pigeon peas stored in loose burlap bags had been destroyed, yet the para- sites— principally the Pteromalid supposed to be "Pteromaliis" calandrae — were also present by the thousands. They are, however, important in reducing the numbers of Bruchidae which emerge from the stored products to scatter and infest the stores elsewhere. Properly fumigated cowpeas and pigeon peas, however, which had only the protection of muslin bags were free from Bruchids. 10. Chaetospila elegans Westwood. This species was taken at Grove Farm Mill, Haiku, Maui, and in part bred out under conditions which make it certain that it parasitizes both Calandra oryzae and Bruchus quadri- maculatus. The male as yet undescribed has the antennae 10- jointed. In both sexes wingless and fully winged forms occur with all the intermediate stages between, the degree of wing reduc- tion often differing in the wings of the same specimen. This feeble species seems of no importance in controlling its hosts. 11. UscAis'^A SEMiFUMiPEXxis Girault. Out of 5,000 seeds picked up principally in Thomas Square in the heart of Honolulu, e3,000 bore eggs of Caryohorus go- n-agra but only six of the larvae reached maturity. Parasitiza- tion of the eggs by the TrichogTammatid, Uscana semifumi- jyennis G-irault seemed to be bv far the lar2;est death factor. 20 On a small lot of pods of Acacia farnesiana iiiioii wliicL the eggs of Caryohonis gonagra had been deposited in large numbers, taken at Waialna, Oct. 4,1918, only about 50 per cent of the eggs had been parasitized, leaving enough larvae of the Bruehid to practically destroy the pods. The reason for this smaller percentage was perhaps due to the fact that in this dis- trict the only host plants for the Bruehid were Acacia farne- siana and Prosopis juliflora and these ripen their seed in par- ticular seasons, so that the species does not Iiave continuous- breeding places throughout the year and the parasite has a correspondingly limited opportunity for multiplication. 12. Credit Where Credit is Due The paper in last year's Proceedings, pp. 465-505, was prepared for publication under the pressure of wartime duties in connection with the Selective Service and in the haste of iinisliing up, it was finally published without recogiiition of the assistance given me in the preparation of the, plant list by Dr. H. L. Lyon, Mr. J. F. Rock and ^Ir. E. L. Caum. This oversight was particularly regretable since unintentionally cer- tain plants were there first recorded as growing in the Hawaii- an Islands. The identifications of all the weedy Cassias wer-' made by Mr. Rock. 13. A Correction. In the discussion of the oviposition reflexes in the former paper on Bruchidae, I had occasion to discuss the habits of a South African lehneumonid Parasitizing Sarcopharja. This was referred to under the name of AUotypa ?p. This is an error. The insect is described elsewhere in this number of these Proceedings as Atractodes mallyl 21 Some Notes on Hawaiian and Other Bethylidae (Hymenop- tera) with Descriptions of New Species. BY JOHX COLBURX BRIDWELL. 1, Perisierola. emigrate Rohwer This species has been previously known as a predator upon the Pink Bollworm (Fectinophora gossypiella) , having been bred from that species by Mr. Fullawaj in 1911 and later by Swezey, Busck, Timberlake, Pemberton and Willard. On May 30, 1918, while examining pods of klu (Acacia fai-nesiana) I found it abundantly associated with the lepidopterous larvae feeding there. Here were found Cryptophlebia illepida, Mye- lois ceratoniae, Pyroderces rileyi, and Ereunetis minusciila. Of these the two former were found attacked under natural conditions w4iile the latter was readily attacked when confined with Perisierola and eggs were laid upon the paralyzed larva. Cryptophlebia and Myelois when full grown are usually too powerful for the Perisierola and destroy her with their man- dibles w^hen attacked. The smaller ones are, however, usually mastered. The female stings them in three places, in the head region at the throat, and near the middle and at the anal extremity ventrally. Each operation results in violent strug- gles of the larva during which the Perisierola hangs on desper- ately by means of her mandibles, middle and hind legs and by curving her body tightly about the caterpillar. When one por- tion of the body is mastered she manipulates portions of it apparently with the object of feeding on its juices. Oviposition was not observed but apparentlv takes place an hour or two after she has mastered the larva. The eggs are long elliptical nearly or quite three times as long as broad. They are usually laid flat against the body with their length parallel with it. The number laid seems to bear some propor- tion to the size of the caterpillar, tw^o eggs having been laid on the little Ereunetis larva while eight is a common number Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i, June, 1919. to be placed ou the larger caterpillars of Crypto phi eh hi and Myelois. In captivity when placed with other caterpillars the Perisi- erola will attack almost any others besides these. In this way it was bred experimentally from Ephesfia eluteUa and Crocido- sema lantanae and it oviposited upon larvae of Amorhia emi- (jrateUa and Ereunetis minuscula. The adults also mastered yomig ]^octuid larvae, the young larva of Scotoryihra vara and Hymenia recurvalis, the larva of Archips postvittamis and of Adenoneura rufipennis, and the gi'ubs of the Anthribid beetle Araecerus fasciculatus and the Bruchid Caryohoiiis gonagra. Upon all of these the adults fed. manipulating the larvae with their mandibles and sucking their juices. If several rdults were placed with a small larva they did not oviposit but fed upon them until they were sucked dry. One female placed with a half-grown larva of CryptopJile- hia which had already been paralyzed on the evening of May 30 had by the next day laid eight eggs upon its dorsal surface By June 3rd the larvae hatched from these had ]:)raetically consumed the caterpillar and had reached full gTowth. The larva of Pyroderces Rileyi was observed vigorously attacking a Perisierola placed with it, using its mandibles to bite the abdomen of the wasp. One bit a small Sclerodermns placed with it so viciously as to stun it and several with which some Sierola had been placed destroyed most of them in a night. Several Perisierola placed with a mixed lot of cater- pillars from klu pods were destroyed overnight and T have repeatedly had the same thing happen with Sierola and Sclero- dermus placed with other lepidopterous larvae. Lepidopterous larvae do not submit tamely to the attacks of Bethylidae but tight gamely if they have any opportunity. The Bethylids are cautious in attack and it is probable they frequently attack during the quiescent period at the moults of the caterpillars and thus avoid danger of injury. One female was observed attacking the slender larva of Ereunetis. After in- vestigating the head and biting at it and possibly stinging, she 23 pounced upon its middle and stung it there. This resulted in vigorous contortions of the caterpillar particularly of the anal end. Later she returned to feed at the wound inflicted by the sting. She afterward began working about the thoracic re- gion and apparently succeeded in inflicting a ventral sting near the middle legs after several apparently fruitless efforts in the head region she proceeded to the anal region, where her efforts to sting created another great commotion and contor- tibns, during which she hung on by use of her legs and man- dibles and made many attempts to sting but apparently un- successfully. She then returned to the head and made several efforts to sting there both dorsal and ventral. The struggles seemed to exhaust her but she remained with the larva which became quiescent. Two hours later she had deposited two eggs. A female placed with the grub of Araecerus fasciculatus after a time attacked it vigorously, the gTub making the most violent contortions in its attempts to dislodge the Perisierola. She had attacked it at the anal extremity and was keeping hold with her mandibles and hind legs and was constantly at- tempting stinging. Both finally became exhausted and when the gi'ub was becoming quiescent the Perisierola attempted to pierce the skin of the mid-ventral region and apparently suc- ceeded and fed and then rested for some time on the grub now straightened out on its back. From time to time she would abandon the grub and run away, but always returned. 2. SiEROLA Attacking the Larvae of Cryptophlebia vul- PEs lisr the Youxg Pods of Acacia koa. Where the ridge leading from Punchbowl to Mt. Tantalus joins the latter and the sharp ascent up to the Tantalus peak begins there are a number of koa trees upon which I have never failed to find adult Sierolae whenever looked for, but until June 23, 1918, I had not been able to find to what lepi- dopterous larvae they are attached. Sweeping the foliage and opening the young pods of the koa then revealed the presence of four species of Sierola upon the Acacia koa and one at least 24 of these is attached to the larva of CryptopliUhia vulpes as a predator. This moth lives as a larva in the immature pods of the koa, feeding at the expense of the young seeds. During its development the larvae frequently cut their way out of the green pods and enter fresh ones. They finally pupate in the pods from which they have eaten out the seed. The Sierola enters the cavity in which the caterpillar has devoured the seed and oviposits upon the larva after stinging it and stupefying it. The larvae completely destroy the caterpillar and froln five to seven of them can find food from one larva. Upon reaching full growth they spin silken cocoons within the empty seed cavity and the adult Sierolae emerge about the time the pods begin to ripen and change color. In all the pods where Sierola larvae and coccoons were found were openings apparent- ly made by the Cryptophlehia larvae in entering one pod from another. While I have not been able to make out the details of the stinging of the Cryptophlehia larva, the gen- eral aspect of the conflict between them is much like that be- tween Perisierola and its prey, the Sierola attacking with great fury and hanging to the prey with legs and mandibles. Tbey also feed on the juices of the prey as do the other Bethyli- dae observed. I have seen no indication that they linger with the prey during the larval development. The koa pods are also injured by the larvae of Crypto- phlehia illepida and of Adenoneura rufipennis. C. illepida h too large to be readily mastered by the Sierola but doubtless the larvae are occasionally utilized. The larvae of the species of CryptopMebia attack the koa pods in a later stage of development than Adenoneura. The larvae of the latter emerge from the pods and hide elsewhere to pupate. They are also probably used occasionally bv the Sierola. A larva supposed to belong to C. vulpes was mastered by the Sierola and five eggs laid by June 25. These eggs are elliptical in outline perhaps 2 1/2 times as long as broad and rather large in proportion to the mother insect. They are con- 25 siderably stouter than the egg of Pensierola but are more slen- der than those of Sclevodermus manoa, and S. immigrans. While four species of Sierola were represented in the mate- rial secured from the koa, only one of these has been surely associated with the CryptopMehia larvae in the pods. Much of the material taken from the foliage of the koa belonged to another species which was taken frequently enough to assure its association with some koa insect but no indication was found as to which one. Another species of Sierola was bred (2 9 and 1 5 ) on June 5, 1918, from a lepidopterous larva living within the hollow twigs of recently dead Clermontia kakeanar The material was taken as full fed larvae on May 26, along the Manoa cliffs trail on the side of Tantalus in the S. E. Koolau Mountains of Oaliu. These spun their coccoons on May 27. The coccoons are elliptical rich brown in color and are rather closely woven. They lie nearly touching attached to the inner surface of the wood in the pith cavity. These species of Sierola are in the hands of Mr. Fullaway who is revising the Hawaiian species. 3. Sct.erodee:mus immigeaxs Bridwell. One 9 was found on June 11, 1918, at the tyj^e locality and on being placed with Caryohorus larva showed much in- terest and attacked it with its mandibles. The details of the attack were not noted at the time but the Sclerodermus was seen to gnaw at the larva in the mid-ventral region apparently with the object of starting a flow of juices. There was a marked preference for the active, full-fed larva over the pre- pupal stage. Though eggs were seen laid up to June V?., bur some were laid after that date and the larvae reached full growth, but no adults were bred out from them. This female was kept alive until July 24, being fed exclusively upon the juices of the larvae of Caryohorus and other larvae. * From material of the same origin brought down at the time Mr. Swezey bred Thyrocopa sp. and Keclysia sp. ; he has also bred from sim- ilar material Opogona aurisqiiaiitosa (Butler). 26 4. So^rE Endemic Hawaiian Species of Sci.eroderaius Latreille. The tirst species of this g'enus was described in 1809 nnder the name of ScJcrodermus domesticus (Latreille Gen, Crust. & Ins., 4:110 9) and the genus described the follo\vin<>' year nnder the same name (Consid. General, etc., 314). It was altered by Westwood in 1839 to Scleroderma in which altera- tion he has been followed bj subsequent writers. We here revert to the original spelling believing that emendations, ex- cept for names specifically stated by the author to bo mis- prints, are never admissible. The first species of the genus from the Hawaiian Islands Avas described by Sir Sydney S, Saunders under the name Scleroderma polynesialis (Tr, Ent, Soe, Lond, 1881:116 9), In 1901 Ashmead described as new five (Fauna Hawaiiensis 1:283-286) and tabulated the six supjwsed species. Dr. Per- kins in 1910 {Op. cit. 2:612-614) added four more species and the present wi-iter in 1918 added an immigrant species (these Proceedings 3:484), All these species with the excep- tion of one of Ashmead's appear to be valid, though they are uncommon and not easily discriminated. In the course of recent years a number of specimens have been taken, and a few bred, some of these appearing to be new. At present I can say but little of the distribution of the species on the various islands since there appear to be but three indi- viduals in the collections here besides those taken on Oahu. Of these one is the immigrant S. immigrans Bridwell, the sec- ond appears to be S. polynesialis Saunders, while the third is distinct from anything knovm from Oahu, In the mountains of the Hawaiian Islands are found nu- merous elongate caterpillars which have the aspect of Ceram- bycid beetle larvae and have somewhat the same habits usuallj affecting wood which has reached a condition of white dry rot. These belong to the genera Semnoprepia, Hyperdasys, and Hyposmocoma. Being somewhat difiicult to breed in the low- 27 lands our knowledge of them is somewhat limited It is from these caterpillars that all our endemic Scleroderinus have been bred. SclerodermuE polynesialis Saunders. I am unable to distinguish Ashmead's >S'. Perkinsi from this species^ the supposed differences being apparently due to the difference in the conditions of the specimens, the length of the abdomen and the color of the sutures differing with the condi tion of the specimen. If my determination is correct this is the species most commonly found on Oahu and has been frequently bred h} the author from wood-boring lepidopterous larvae. I have at hand 19 2 of this species, all but one of which were seeui-ed in the mountains back of Honolulu, one by W. M. Giffard, one by D. T, Fullaway, two by O. H. Swezey and the remainder by the author. I have also a single S bred out with females of this species. A single 9 was taken by Mr. Swezey in lao Val- ley, Maui. The type locality of polynesialis was Mt. Ilalea- kala. Maui. The species is quite variable in size. The thorax is dark piceous but the coloration of the insect is such that it seems black considerably darker than any other of the species I have seen from Oahu. There is no trace of ocelli in this species. Sclerodermus poeci lodes Perkins. There are before me two taken in Waialae Xui, Oahu, by Mr. Swezey and two from Tantalus (Bridwell), both lots associated with larvae supposed to be those of Semnoprepia^ in the dead stems of Smilax. Sclerodermus kaalae Ashmead. There is before me a single 9 which I doubtfully refer to this species in which the head and thorax are piceous, the legs and antennae brownish yellow and the abdomen appears black. The margins of the tergites are testaceous but so closely ap- plied to the following rergites as to show no difference in color. This resembles polynesialis but the clvpeus is less pro- duced and the abdomen is distinctly tessellate but more feeblv so than the thorax. The head also seems more strongly tes- sellate than in the other species. There is no trace of ocelli. One ? . Mr. Kaala in the Waianae Mts.. Oahu (Bridwell). Sclerodermus manoa n. sp. ~ This species differs from any wingless female Sclerodermus known to me except scmnoprepiac. by its fully developed ocelli. These are arranged in an acute triangle, the hind ocelli distant from the occipi- tal margin about as far as from the anterior ocellus and about six times that distance from the eye margin. Testaceous yellow; ejes black, tips of mandibles, sutures of flagel lum above, extreme base of first tergite very slightly, sublateral patches on its disc, submedian lateral triangular area on either side the s^ond. and similar basal lateral areas on third and fourth, the sixth entirely and the sixth stemite basally slightly infuscate. Ch-peus produced about as long as broad, tectiform, its apex nearly truncate. simple, the sides sraight. , Head more finely tessellate than the thorax and a little more shining. Thorax subopaque from the strong tessellations, sides of pronotum and of propodemn longitudinally lineolate tessellate : the m-^sopleura with finer tessellations similar to those of the dorsum. Propodeum distinctly narrowed at base, the dedi^-itj- obliquely truncate. Abdomen elongate ovate broader than thorax about as wide as the head, highly polished and shining, the hind margin of the first tergite in the arc of a circle, the tergite not quite as wide as the second, measuring where the suture touches the lateral margins. Length about 3 mm. This Sclerodermus was found in a cavity in a small stub of white rotten wood, probably the remains of a bush of Scaeiola chaml^onmna along the Manoa cliffs trail in the mountains back of Honolulu on May :'6. 191^. It was there associated with a limp immobile lepidopterous larva supposed to be that of a species of Sernnoprepia. The Sclerodermus and the caterpillar were placed in a glass tube and brought in for observation. On the next day =he had laid five eggs scattered about on the glass of the tube. The egg? were short ellipsoidal. perhaps twice as long as broad, very large in proportion to the size of the adult, and the poles were very slightly different. 29 On May 29. only four of the live eggs could be accounted for. One had hatched and the larva was attached to the Sem- noprepia larva and this one alone of the progeny reached full larval growth and it failed to spin its coccoon and transform. A second lai-va had hatched and was transferred from the glass but failed to develop: this was true of the third larva as well and the fourth egg was unhatched and did not hatch. The female Sderodermus showed much interest in the cater- pillar, the egg and the young larvae, working over them all with her maxillae and palpi. At one time she appeared to be tryins: to remove the egg from the glass to the caterpillar. More than once she seemed to be trying to bite into the caterpillar for the young larvae. It seems probable though that she was attempting to feed on the juices exuding from the wound made by the feeding of the voiing larva. By May 31, three new eggs had been laid and c»nly a single larva remained from the first lot of eggs. Thii was feeding from the abdomen of the caterpillar just in from of the first pair of prolegs. The effects of the adult Scleroder- in us' feeding was seen in the shrinking of the caterpillar, which was considerably greater than the feeding of the larva would accoimt for. By June 3 the larva was nearly fullgrown and the eggs had not hatched. The caterpillar was greatly shrunk- en in the middle as the result of the feeding of the ScJeroder- mus larva. The adult was still living and was removed and placed with a larva of CrypfopMehia iUepida which had been stimg by Perisierola. She began to eaxmine the anal extremity of the larva with her mandibles and seemingly finding it too active, since it gave a sharp but slight jerk, she reversed and attempted clumsily and slowly to sting it while straight, a posture well adapted to the natural host caterpillar in its bur- row but not for the caterpillar Iving free in the tube. This operation was repeated several times in a few minutes. On June 9 a larva* of apparently another genus but the same wood-boring tvpe was brought from the mountains and This larva was injured or panly drowried. 30 placed on Jime 10 with the ? Sclerodermus. She showed great interest in it and attempted stinging it but did not suc- ceed while nnder observation. Her efforts at this time were more of the type of the Perisierola than previously. It is evi- dent that sucking the juices of the larval prey is her means of subsistence. By June 13 three eggs had been laid. The larva from the former lot of eggs which reached full growth failed to spin a coccoon or pupate. The female remained alive from May 26, when she was taken, until June 29 feeding readily upon the juices of any caterpillar given her but ovipos- iting only upon her natural prey. These were always given ner paralyzed as a precaution against injuring her. Had cir- cumstances permitted securing proper food for her and her larvae T have no very great doubt that she might have remained alive much longer and that her young might have been bred through to maturity. She did not even refuse to feed upon the juices of the larva of the Bruchid Caryohorus gonagra. Described from a single $ . Manoa cliffs trail, Mt. Tan- talus, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, May 26, 1918 (Bridwell). Type in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Sclerodermus semnoprepiae n. sp. $ Head piceous black ; the mandibles piceous, the antennae, thorax, abdomen and legs pale yellow testaceous, flagellum, front coxae and the propleura in front of them and the sutures of the thorax above, some- times very slightly, petiole, the basal margins of tergites 2 7 seen through the hyaline margins, sting sheath, margins of sternites 2-5 similarly and rest of venter except the last tergite slightly infuscate. Clvpeus triangularly emarginate, the sides not so strongly produced as in Polynesians. Ocelli well developed in an equilateral triangle, the posterior ocelli a little further from the eye margin than from the front ocellus and about six times as far from the eye margin. Head shining tessellate ; dorsum of thorax a little less shining more strongly tessellate ; sides of pronotum and propodeum longitudinally, mesopleura, vertically lineolate-tessellate ; abdomen with the tergum transversely lineolate-tessellate. Propodeum similar to that of manoa but shorter. Length about 3.25 mm. $ Black; legs and antennae infuscate, the margins of the tergites testaceous; wings subhyaline apically slightly grayish, the veins yellowish translucent. 31 Antennae 13-jointed, the joints of the flagellum except the last sub- equal a little broader than long, the last nearly as long as the two preceding joints together. Posterior ocelli about as far from the occipi- tal margin as from the anterior ocellus and about three times as far from the eye margin. Eye about one and one-half its length from the occipital margin. Pronotum strongly narrowed anteriorly about as long as the meso- notum; mesonotum without furrows; scutellum with a transverse suture at base; propodeum about as long as the scutellum and mesonotum together. Wing with a closed median cell the submedian entirely open behind ; transverse median interstitial with the basal, there is no trace of venation beside the subcosta, median, and these, which are well devel- oped. Length 2.5 mm. Described from 12 ? and 7 $ bred Dec. 191G from stick.s of the living wood of Coprosma longifoVia attacked by the larvae of an as yet imdescribed species of Semnoprepia brought down from the windward side of Mt, Konalmanni, Oahn (O. H. Swezey). The species was ascertained to be a predator upon the larvae of this moth. Type and allotype $ in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, Paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association and in the private col- lections of P. H. Timberlake and of the author. This species is closely related to manoa but the dark head will easily distinguish it. The structure of the clypeus is also different. The undescribed $ of polynesialis is very similar but in that species the antennal joints are longer, the abdominal markings are more extensively pale and the venation less strongly developed. Sclerodermus chilonellae n. sp. 5 Very similar to semnoprcpiae but the ocelli rudimentary, the sides of the mesothorax and propodeum the extreme base of first tergite and sides of the abdomen dark, the legs and antennae clear pale yellow. The head varies from reddish to nearly black. The clypeus is round in front and somewhat expanded. Length about 3 mm. $ Similar to that of semnoprepiae but the general coloration piceous, legs yellow, antennae yellow infuscate, two yellowish suffused spots on the base of the scutelhini ; sutures of the abdomen broadly pale. LfE Goxiozus. Goniozus Williamsi n. sp. Closely related to and resembling Goniozus triangidifcr Kieffer by the description but the metanotum with parapsidal furrows and the scutel- lum with small basal pits on either side and the subcosta, parastigma, and stigma yellowish translucent. The lateral areas of the superior face of the propodeum are finely obliquely aciculate. $ The anterior femora of the male are pale brownish yellow and the eyes are larger than in the 9 . Lenth 2.5 mm. Described from 4 9 and 1 5 bred by Mr. F. X. Wil- 34 Hams from a group of lepidopteroiis larva, probably Pyralid, taken from the foliage of a plant, Los Banos, P. I., Jan. 1917. The coccoons which have been preserved in spirits are strami- neous and are spun together in a compact mass 2x8 mm. Tvpe $ and allotype 5 in the author's collection; para- types in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Asso- ciation. 7. A SrBAPTERors Betiiylid fkom Califorma. Arysepyris californicus n. sp. 9 Black; antennae yellow infuscate from the middle of the flagellum on, mandibles piceous at apex, middle and hind trochanters, all the tibiae and tarsi (the middle and hind tibiae suffused with fuscous in the mid- dle) yellow, first tergite with a lateral subapical suffused piceous spot on either side. Head much broader than the thorax, a little narrowed behind, the occipital distance about equal to the length of the eye; ocelli in an isosce- les triangle, the hind ocelli much nearer the ocipital margin than to each other and about five times as far from the eye margin; face carinate between the eyes, the carina not reaching beyond the posterior margin of the lateral (antennal) depressions of the face. Head and dorsum of thorax strongly and coarsely (microscopically) tessellate. the head evenly punctured with distinct shallow punctures re- moved from each other about five times their diameter. Pronotum about as long as the mesonotum and scutellum together, the propodeum a little longer; mesonotum transverse twice as broad as long; scutellum with a narrow transverse sulcus at base, propodeum with the superior face rounded down to the declivity, the microscopic sculpture of the superior face radiating from a longitudinal, smooth area, those on the declivity malleate in appearance. Wings reaching nearly to the middle of the superior face of the propodeum, subovate, rounded at apex, with a costa. Tergites of abdomen highly polished and shining, with faint transverse lineolations. Length about 4 mm. Described from one 5 collected in the sand dune district of San Francisco, Oal., Sept. 8, 1910 (Bridwell). Type in the author's collection. Arysepyris as a convenience genus established for tha reception of subapterons forms which cannot be referred to Goniozus and its allies the characters of these genera being mainly venational. 35 8. Another Philippine Chloeepyius. Chlorepyris similis n. sp. 9 Resembling closely and closely allied to C. flavipcnnis Kieffer but differing in the more shining integument of the head and thorax and the finer and sparser puncturation of the head, largely impunctate behind the ocelli, the finer and sparser puncturation of the pronotum, the shorter pronotum and propodeum, and paler, more elongate stigma of the wings, and the paler flavo-piceous tibiae and tarsi. Length 7 mm. ; wing 5.5 mm. $ The male closely resembles the female. The antennae and legs are more slender and the abdomen smaller, as is characteristic for males. Length 7 mm. ; wing 5 mm. Described from one 5 and one $ collected at Los Banos, Lnzon Philippine Islands (F. X. Williams). Type and allo- type in the author's collection. 9. A Xevv Peregrine ScleroCxIbbine Betiiylid Genus from THE Hawaiian Islands. Lithobiocerus n. gen. Apparently related to Mystroconcmis Kieffer but with the mesothorax strongly contracted into two unequal lobes and with the legs differently developed. Head flattened above, suboval in the dorsal aspect, truncate behind. The eyes coarsely facetted, rounded, hairy, reaching to the occiput and diverging anteriorly ; ocelli none ; front produced over base of antennae concealing the antennal sockets and clypeus, its anterior margin revealed snoutlike between the bases of the antennae ; antennae inserted between the frontal process (anteriorly) and the clypeus (posteriorly) ; clypeus declivous, tectiform, carinate at its extreme base, swollen in the middle, its base anterior to its apex. Antennae stout, tapering, 25-jointed, the joints broader than long; labial palpi elongate 6-jointed. Prosternum massive plane, declivous in front ; pronotum arcuately emarginate behind, narrowed behind, about twice as long as broad at base, a little longer than the propodeum, twice as long as the mesono- tum; mesonotum contracted before the middle. Propodeum broader posteriorly, obliquely truncate without ridges or carinae. Front tibiae and femora strongly incrassate ; hind and middle tibiae about the length of their femora, the front tibiae about one-third as long as its femur and somewhat spoon-shaped. Anterior tarsus with large conspicuous pulvil- lus between the ungues, inconspicuous on the hind and middle legs ; ungues with a subapical tooth; calcaria feeble 1-1-2, those of hind legs unequal. Type Lithohioccnis vagabuudus Bridwell. 36 Lithobiocerus vagabundus n. sp. Front of head and antennae reddish testaceous, the flagelUmi above infuscate toward the apex ; rest of head black, thorax and legs yellowish testaceous, abdomen black, the margins of the tergites, apical tergite, and the margins of the sternites broadly reddish testaceous. Impunctate and without visible sculpture, the entire body including the eyes, antennae and legs covered with fine rather close short pile. Length 3.5 mm. Described from one $ collected on the veranda of a hon&e beneath which some mixed feed had been stored in Kainniki, Honolnln, Dec, 23, 191G. Type in the author's collection. Undoubtedly an immigrant, possibly from the Orient, v;here some of its allies are found. Whether it is in any way related to the winged male imperfectly described generically by Ash- mead as Prohetliylus 8chivarzi w^ill require investigation. It is to be hoped that this form, one of but two S 's linown in the subfamily, will be described by one of the hymenopierists who have access to Ashmead's material. 10. Cleptes fkom the Pacific Coast. The genus Cleptes has been variously referred to the Chrysi- didae and the Bethylidae and to a family of its own related to the two. Certainly it seems more similar to Bethylidae than to the Chrysididae, differing from them largely by the greater development of the true metanotum and the reduction of the apical segments. On the other hand they are about as far removed from the true Chrysididae in the development of the metathorax and the abdominal segments as thev are from Bethylidae. The habits of none of our North American species have been observed. The European species so far as kno^vn attack the larvae of saw flies after they have coccooned. Cleptes aliena Patton. One $ collected June 8, 1910, Josephine Co., Oregon (F. \Y. Xunenmacher). 37 Cleptes Blaisdelli n. sp. $ Length about 5.5 mm.; width of thorax about 1.5 mm.; length of wing 4 mm. Abdominal segments 1-3 ferruginous; flagellum. mouthparts, anterior trochanters, knees, tibiae, and tarsi ; middle trochanters femora, tibiae, and tarsae, hind trochanters, tibiae, and tarsi, and Sth abdominal tergite nonmetallic, 5th tergite and tarsi more or less piceous, the rest dull black; calcaria testaceous. Head, thorax and abdomen in general finely and sparsely punctured. Propodeum coarsely and deeply reticulate at its anterior middle, the ridges evanescent posteriorly and laterally, its posterior margin nearly straight and its angles produced not quite even with the middle, denti- form but not strongly so, sides of propodeum smooth and shining, ist tergite smooth and shining; 2nd tergite smooth with fine deep evenly placed punctures, 3rd and following finely rugulose with confluent setigerous punctures. Wings brownish, tegulae metallic with a brown posterior discal spot. Described from one $ collected by Dr. F. E. Blaisdell May 15, 1884, at Poway, Cal. Type in the author's collection. This fine species does not resemble any of the described American species, the red abdomen abundantly distin2:uishin(»7. Piw. Haw. Ent. Soo. I. ]>. KU. Ill the l^i'itisli JMuseum collection there are two female spec'iniciis iiiider the name of IJhurnia ignobUis White, col- lected by Wollaston on Diana's Peak, St. Helena. The type is in good condition but the second specimen, which is smaller and darker and re])resents another species, is withont teii-mina. The shape of the tibial spnr places them among the Alohini and there is no structural difference to separate them from NcsosijiJnc Kirkaldy. DcJphcur siniulans Walker, collected by Darwin in the Galopagos Islands, also has to come into the same gciius althong-h it is not quite typical. This makes the present known geographical distribution for this genus, Hawaii- an Islands, with many species, Galopagos Islands, with one species, and St. Helena, with two species, I. ignohilis White and /. simulans (Walker) are redescribed below. Fnfortnnately the name NesosydnCy so well known to our local ('oll(H*tors, will liavc' to give ])lace to TU)urnht. Ilburnia ignobilis White. I lead nuu-li narrowrr than thorax; vortex slightly lonsor than width of the l)asc, apex narrower than liase; length of face a little more than twice the width, slightly narrowed between the eyes, median carina sim- ple; clypeus tricarinate; antennae long, reaching to apex of clypeus, terete, joints suhequal in length, second slightly thicker than the first. Pronotum and mesonotum tricarinate, lateral carinae of pronotum diverg- ing, straight, reaching hind margin. Tegmina not reaching to the middle of abdomen, truncate at apex. Legs long, slender, first hind tarsus longer tlian second and third togetlier. si)ur nearly as long as first tarsus, nar- Proc. Haw. Knt. Soc, IV, Xo. i. Tune, 1919. 49 row, cultrate, thick, convex on both surfaces, or very slightly flattened on inner surface, nine large teeth on hind margin. Yellow or light brown, darker between carinae of head and thorax, nearly black between carinae of face, two broken, darker medio-latefal stripes down abdomen. Tegmina hyaline, yellowish, veins, concolorous with membrane, granules small, sparse, with yellow hairs. Length 4.6 mm.; tegmcn 1.7 mm. One female from Diana's Peak, St. Helena (Wollaston). The second specimen nnder this name from the same local- ity represents another species Init is not in good enough con dition to describe. Ilburnia simulans (Walker). Delphax simulans Walker, List of Horn. Insects II. p. 355 (1851). Male. Head slightly narrower than thorax; vertex slightly longer than width at base, perceptibly narrowed to apex, carinae normal ; length of face nearly double the width, narrowest between eyes, broadest slightly distad of middle, median carina simple ; antennae reaching to apex of face, terete, first joint about half the length of the second; pronotum tricarinate, lateral carinae straight, diverging posteriorly, reaching hind margin, mesonotum tricarinate. Legs comparatively short, first hind tar- sus sub-equal to the second and third together, spur small, about two- thirds the length of first tarsus, cultrate, thick, both surfaces convex or with the inner surface very slightly flattened, ten small teeth along the hind margin. The form of the tibial spur places this species in Ilburnia of the Alo- hini, oherwise it would be best placed in Kclisia. Head, thorax and legs light brown, carinae and antennae lighter, abdomen dark brown. Tegmina reaching half way down the abdomen, hyaline, light brown, a dark brown mark at the apex of clavus, slightly brownish over basal area of tegmen. Length 2.2 mm. ; tegmen 1.3 mm. Two specimens from James Island, Galopagos Islands (C. Darwin). Female similar to the male but the abdomen slightly lighter. Length 2.6 mm.; tegmen 1.3 mm. Three specimens, one from Charles Island and two from James Island. (C Daniin.) 50 There is one specimen from James Island without an abdo- men which I believe to be a male. Two nymphs from James Island, dark brown, marked with light down the middle of abdomen and on head and thorax, with two median facial carinae and the antennae are short, the first joint abont as long as wide. Notes on Collection of Hawaiian Insects on Island of Maui. BY D. T. FULLAWAY AXD W. M. GIFFAKD. Xotwithstanding the very rainy weather which prevailed on the Island of Maui during last June, several short collecting trips were made on the slopes of Haleakala, the Wailuku Com- mons and in the western part of the Island. Altogether at- tempts were made to collect on five separate days, but the con- tinuous rain, drizzle and fog on the mountain and in the valleys were such that the vegetation and collecting outfits were thor- oughly saturated most of the time. Because of this, much in- convenience in collecting and losses in insects were sustained and results were less satisfactory than they might have other- wise been. During the entire period a total of twelve hours actual collecting was all that could be obtained. The most favorable locality on this visit was Olinda, along tlie pipe line, at an elevation of 4200 feet. There is a fair automobile road up to within a mile of the lower end of the trail, the latter extending for some distance into an interesting- forest region. The further along this trail the weather and other conditions allow one to tramp and collect the more inter- esting it becomes. Unfortunately the weather did not permit us to penetrate very far from our headquarters although two attempts were made. Even under the existing conditions there were collected several very interesting species of Carabids including Baryneus sh-arpi, Atelothrus, Metromenus, Meiro- fhorax (two species) and others undeterminable, Plagithmysus peimalKS, and flnsrld, Chjtarlus vestitus. Proterhinus lecontci Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i, June, 1919. 51 hrevipennis and several other species, Acalles humeralls, Pa- randrita aeneiis, and several species of Oodemas, amoni^ the Coleoptera; Anomaloclirysa soror, an Aphis lion; Odynerus camellnus, nivicola, erythrostades, Nesoprosupis difficilis, Dei- nomimesa haleakalae, among Acnleates, and one Eapelmua, one Pleuroneuropliion, Enicospilus molokaiensis and Scleroderma polynesiale, among- the Parasitica ; and of Homoptcra several species of Jassids and several of OUarus and 4 new species of Delphacids which will be described later on. Unfortunately among the latter the males were sparse in individuals only two or more of the species having been taken in series of both sexes with nymphs. So far as it was possible all food plants of the species were recorded for convenience of others who may desire to explore this interesting region. A day or two later a short visit was made to the new Hama- kna ditch trail (Lnpe) bnt the road to this region was almost impassable and much time was lost in getting there. Tiie forest here is at an elevation of approximately 1200 feet and is not nearly so interesting as that near Olinda. The indigenous veg- etation is much more sparsely distributed because of destruction caused by stock ; and foreign weeds and grasses have crept in and are destroying much of the indigenous growth. It rained almost constantly on the day of our visit and in consequence there was not much to record from this region other than one new species of Nesosydne and several Jassids amongst the Homoptera and Odynoiis ecosfntus, cconelijius and instabdis among the Aculeates. A morning was spent on the "Wailuku Commons but the indigenous vegetation on these sand hills has become very sparse due to continual pasturing of cattle and use of large portions of the locality in recent years for the growth of sugar cane and other purposes. On Coreopsis mauiensis a large series of what is apparently a new Nesosydne was taken but Aculeate Hymenoptera, particularly the low land species of Odynerus and Nesoprosopis which were formerly quite abundant in the region, were almost absent at this time. One Proterliinus and fonr Oronomiris hawaiiensis -were also taken. A short visit in the direction of Lahaina was made in fine weather bnt here again many of the interesting lowland and coast forms of Aculeates were comparatively scarce except in the commonest of species — Odyiicrus purpurifer, insuUcola, smithii, nihrotinctus, Nesoprosopis facilis, Crabro mandihu- laris, and one Carabid were taken. On Ipomoea pes-captae, I. insularis and I. platyphyUa a series of Delphaeids (AZo/ia 'Sp.) were taken but all these are apparently the common A. ipomoe- irola. The extreme variations in color of this Delphacid as captured on these three species" of Ipomoea is very marked and notwithstanding that all were taken at praciicalh the same elevations and within a few hundred feet of each other. There is room for study as to why these extreme variations in the color exist in some of our commonest Delphaeids, and the theory already advanced in Mr. Muir's notes on Hawaiian Del- phaeids that this variation is caused in j^art by the food jilaut appears plausible to some extent. On the day of our return to Honolulu a short visit was made to lao Valley, weather conditions being such as to pre- vent a previous tramp in that region. The trails into the valley at the time were practically impassable because of heavy rains, so that we were only able to get as far as the first crossing of the Wailuku river. At this point on a small area of Eragrostis variahilis a long series of both sexes and young of a new species of Kelisia was obtained. This is the first spe- cies of that genus of Delphaeids taken on Maui so far as is known. One Proierhinus. several Jassids and Odynerus ecos tatiis and pnrpurifer were also taken. Description of Paranagrus osborni ii sp. ( Hymenoptera, Mymaridae ) . BY D. T. FULLAWAY. Paranagrus osborni n. sp. 5 .6 mm. long, flavous. head smoky with some hlack markings, ab- dominal tergites, all the joints of the flagellum and the valves of the ovipositor fuscous. Very similar to P. optabilis but smaller in all propor- tions. Length of wings .48, length of valves of ovipositor .25, length of valves to the suture .18. There is a constant difference in the propor- tionate length of the two sections of the valves on either side of the suture. In P. osborni it is 1:3.4; iii P- optabilis 1:3. $ pallid, markings fainter; distal antennal joints broken off. Type locality — Los Banos, Philippine Islands. Bred from eggs of Percf/rinus maiclis. hy H. T. Osliorn, 1915. Type and 16 paratvpes including 1 $ on three slides. Types in the col- lection of the H. S. P. A. Experiment Station, Honolnln. XOTES AXD EXHIBITIOXS. Maiii iii.'-irets. — ^fr. Giffard exhibited four l)oxes of insects collected on Mani in June, and gave notes on the Delph acids in the collection, some of which were new species. Tie also exhibited specimens of a new species of Kclisia and a new- species of Ilburnia and a nnmber of Jassids collected on ]\Iolo- kai in Jnne by Mr. J. F. Rock." Holoclilora renosa. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a specimen of this large green Locustid or katydid, collected by Mr. Charles Atherton at Lnakaha in Xiuianu Valley, where he said that they had recently appeared quite common. Mr. Timberlake reported that he had bred Anastatus hoehelei from eggs of this katydid brought in by ]\Ir. Bosa. The parasites had emerged six weeks after the eggs were brought in. Oxya relo.v. — Mr. Swezey reported the finding of a small * The new species of Delphacids in the collections exhibited have been worked by Mr. F. Muir. See his paper farther on in this issue. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, Xo. i, June, igrg. 54 colony of tins gTasshopper at Haiku, Mani, August 24th. It has been known on Oahu and Kanai since 1897, bnt has not previously been reported from Mani. ScoUa manilae. — Mr. Swezey reported observing a male specimen of this introduced Philippine wasp in his garden at Kaimuki, Sept. 2nd. A colony of female wasps had been lib- erated there several months previously, and this is the first evi- dence of their having become established there and breeding on the grubs of Adoretus. Mr. Timberlake reported having recently observed one of the wasps on the window at the Ex- periment Station. Euphorbia insects on Maui.—^l^iv. Swezey exhibited the fol- lowing insects collected by him on Euphorbia in lao Valley, Maui, August 8th, 1918, in each case being the first record of these insects from Maui : * Dicfyophorodelphax n. sp. Different from the two species occurring on Oahu. Jassid. Apparently closely related to an uudescribed species that has been collected abundantly on Euphorbia on the coral plain below Ewa Mill, Oahu. Ithamar n. sp. Apparently the same undescribed spe- cies of bug that was collected on Euphorbia on Niu Ridge, and at the Pali, Oahu. Cimex ledularis. — Mr. Fullaway exhibited specimens of the bed-bug with eggs and nymphs. Six eggs were laid by one female and they hatched in seven days. The young frequently sought protection beneath the body of the mother. All were active after a week in confinement without food. Pentarthron flaimm. — Mr. Fullaway reported breeding this Trichogrammatid from the eggs of Lycaena boetica and Pecti- nophora gossypiella. Described on page 72 following. [Ed.] OCTOBEE ;3ed, 1918. The one hundred iiftj-seventh meeting of the Society was held in the nsual place, Vice-President Timberlake in the chair. Other members present : Messrs. Bridwell, Crawford, Ehrhorn, Fnllaway, Giffard, Langford, Eosa, Sweze\ and Williams. Minutes of previous meeting read and approved with cor- rections. ]\Ir. Fordyce Grinnell, Jr., was elected to active member- ship. PAPEES. Epyris Extraneus Bridwell (Bethylidae), a Fossorial Wasp That Preys on the Larva of the Tenebrionid Beetle, Gonocephalum Serlatum (Boisduval) BY FRAXCIS X. WILLIAMS. Epyris extraneous was first taken in the Hawaiian Islands by Swezey in October and iSTovember, 1915, on the grounds of the Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Asso- ciation at Honolulu, Oahu. Subsequentlj^ he found it in 1917 on the island of Maui. It is now quite abundant on Oahu where it seems more partial to the lowlands and can be taken at all seasons of the year. Bridwell, who described this Epyris, (Xotes on a Peregrine Bethylid, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. for 1916, Vol. Ill, IsTq. 4, pp. 276-279, 1917), also identified specimens from Los Baiios, Philippines, as belonging to this species and so it seems probable that it has a fairly wide Oriental distribution' Very little is known about the life-history of the genus Epyris Bridwell (A note on an Epyris and its Prey, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. for 1916, Vol. Ill, ^o. 4, pp. 262-263, 1917) found an Epyris sp. near Capetown, South Africa, dragging a small tenebrionid larva between its jaws, and in the same Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i, June, 1919. article speaks of II. T. Osborii, of this Station, as hav- ing found, in September, 1915, near Pearl City. Oahu, a tene- brionid larva externally parasitized by a grub, and he concludes that the latter must have been Epyris. During August and September, 1918, I succeeded in rearing, from egg to adult, six males and one female of Epyiis extraneiis Bridwell from the larva of Gonocephalam seriatiun. The adult Gonocepha- lum (Fig. 1) is a stout oval, dull black beetle 8 or 0 milli- meters long, very abundant at low levels, where it occurs under clods of dirt, cane trash and other rubbish. Its larva (Fig. 2) is quite slender, firm and cylindrical, of yellowish and brown or straw color and at maturity is about 17 millimeters long. It is a vigorous insect bearing a superficial resemblance to a wire- worm (Elateridae), but does not appear to be injurious, and in cane fields is probably a trash feeder. On being dug out of the ground it usually "plays possum" for a brief instant and then hastens to get under cover, burying itself with com- mendable speed. The black Epyris wasp (Fig. 3, female) is far smaller tlian the larva it attacks ; the female is about 6 mm. long and the male often a little smaller. The female especially, is a strongly made, lithe insect with stout jaws and legs, a good flyer and a better digger, surpassing in the latter respect the Scolia wasps which in habits it somewhat resembles. One Epyris which I enclosed from August 5th to 18th with a num- ber of (ronoreplialum larvae in a tumbler partly filled with earth, stung and parasitized 13 larvae. Two other wasps kept for a short time laid 2 and 3 eggs respectively. The w^asps mandibles are of a rather unusual type, but well fitted for gripping, being stout and somewhat recurved at the tip. It is to be noted, however, that (under my limited observations) she selects larvae within a certain limit of size, i. e. from about 13.5 to nearly 16 ram. long; tbese do not appear to be n\ the last instar, when they are ]n'ol)ably too pmverful for her to overcome. The prey though rendered helpless is not stuno; to complete imiii()l)ility ; it is still caiiablo of weak mouth and 57 Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc, IV, Plate I. Fig. I. Gonocephalum seriatum. Fig 2 Lar\a of G seri- atum w ith egg of Ep\ 1 is L \traneus on surface 3- Epyri extraneus. 58 leg movements and may also move and twitch the body a little ,. when seized with the forceps, however, this nnnsual stiiniiliis canses it to Avriggle vigorously. On tlic morning of October 5, 1918, I was able to ob- serve the iicld habits of this wasp on the Station grounds. The day was warm and sunny and in addition to Epyris, the introduced Scolia manilae Ashmead and Dolichurus sfuntonl ( Ashmead) were also flying along the edges of an area planted to sugar cane. Male Epyris were the more abundant and evi- dentlv on the lookout for emerging females, but once in 'a while one of the latter could be seen flying low from place to place and hurriedly running beneath and among the superficial clods of earth in search of her prey. Finally I came upon one of these wasps circling about a spot and at last locating her paralyzed victim, a Gonocephalum, larva which she had evi- dently wedged in l)etween two small lumps of dirt. She seized it \)\ the head end and, slinging it over her back, so to speak, dragged it into a hole nearby, wasp and grub entering at the same time. Later I could find nothing of wasp and prey on digging in the s])ot. T soon located another hunting Epyris and being provided with a Gonocephalum, larva I carefully ]ilaced one of these alongside a small clod of earth under which Epyris was for the moment hunting; she issued there- from very shortly almost exactly at the spot wdiere lay her natural prey, still 'Splaying possum". The wasp came imme- diately to attention, crawled carefully on the back of the larva and seizing it by the head with her mandibles curled her body around the thorax of the now vigorously squirming victim, and soon immobilized it with her sting. No preliminaries followed as in many other wasps, the grub was seized without further ado apparently by a palpus and borne along rapidly on the wasp's back. The little inscect was not quite half as long as her heavy booty which being carried with the back up nearly hid tli(^ was]) from view and made it appear as if the Gono- repliahnu was making headway under its own steam. After traveling thus rather aimlessly for eight or ten feet, the 59 Epyris, which was now quite tame, wedged her prey between loose pieces of soil, but not hiding it from view, left it to look for a nesting place; she examined several holes or ledges and finally selected a spot under a small piece of soil. During this hunt she returned once to her prey; now she seized it as before and carried it in a rather circuitous fashion towards the selected spot, but here, on account of the steep and erumbling-^ nature of the ground, could make no headway^ and so with my assistance she disappeared with her burden beneath a piece of soil. On digging in this place some minutes later I found the Gonocephalum an inch or more in the ground and the Epyris a little further in the soil. The egg had not yet been laid. On Xovember 15 on a sugar plantation near Honolulu I imearthed a Gonocephalum larva which had a small Epyi'is grub feeding upon it. The wasp seems to form a sort of cell about its para- lyzed prey and completes her work with laying a pearly white egg upon her victim. The egg (Fig. 2) is about .70 mm. long and is glued for its length along the middle of the 4th seg- ment ; it is slightly curved along the line of appression, hardly three times as long as thick, and slightly broader and blunter at the head end, which, however, points towards the posterior extremity of the body of its host. The latter lies on its back in a more or less arched position. The egg hatches ni about 2 1/2 days, the larva crawling out to segment 5, commences to feed on that segment; it is successful in penetrating or draw- ing nourishment through the tough integument of the beetle grub, so that it soon acquires a yellowish white color. In one case I found on Epyris egg fijced along the side of the body at about its middle length. The grub hatched and although its host was dead, managed to feed to maturity on it. It docs not seem probable that the mother Epyris pierces the integument of her prey at the point where she lays the egg, so as to facilitate the feeding of the issuing grub; she selects the 4th ventral segment as a place for oviposition because it protects the egg 60 hettoi- there tlmn elsewhere. Presently the position of the larva is reversed, for thongh always feeding at segment 5 it now lies head to head with its host. It was after this change of position (Fig. 4) that I found a shrivelled exnvial cap or liionlt skin glued just dorsad to the end of the body. A little later on there is a second moult. At the end of three days, it is about 4 mm. long, proportionately stout and more maggot- like than in most Fossoria; clearly segmented and of a dirty yellowish white color. It is closely fixed for its ventral length to the yet living Gonoceplialiim larva by a sticky substance. The third moult takes place in probably less than a day before^ the larva becomes full fed. It is now armed with a much larger and stouter pkir of mandibles with which it bites a good- sized hole through the fifth ventral plate of host, inserts its head and fore part of the body through this aperture, and pro- truding therefrom at right angles (Fig. 6) eats out the interior, first taking one end and then the other. The beetle grub suc- cumbs at the beginning of this crude operation and when en- tirely eaten out is reduced to a shrivelled, transparent brown- ish shell. As in other fossorial wasp larvae, it is most active in the last instar; it may squirm vigorously and with the aid of a clear yellow fluid rid itself of the three shrunken moult skins, each one telescoped inside the other to form a shallow concave wrinkled disk of yellowish color. The larva becomes full f('(l at the end of four or five days when it is about 7 mm. Inim ])}■ 2.5 mm. thick below the middle, fat and glistening, witli little in the way of scallops or folds; it has a relatively small head armed with stout, dark-tipped mandibles and behind the latter, long protruding mouth-parts. Its posterior extrem- ity heretofore rather bluntly rounded is now produced into a sort of nipple. It is mainly a pretty salmon pink color, peppered with white fat-bodies, which however are lacking along the ventral line, while the extremities and lateral folds are more glassy and clearer. It is well to draw attention to the four pairs of larval mandibles, representing the four in- stars (Fig. 5, a — d) ; they are dra-^vn to the same scale, the Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc, IV, Plate II. Fig. 4. Epyris extraneus larva feeding on larva of G. seriatum. ''^^ Fig. 6. Later stage of the same. Fig. 5. Mandibles of the suc- Fig. 8. Pupa of E. Fig. 7. Cocoon of E. extraneu: cessive stages of larvae of Epyris extraneus. extraneus. 62 lirst three pairs are not of the chewing- type represented b^ the last pair which is utilized by the larva for coarse work, i. e. biting through the Gonocephalum integument and con- suming by mouthfuls, the interior of the body. This morpho- logical change in mandibles is common if not usual among car- nivorous larvae of Hymenoptera. The full-fed Epyns larva is now very restless, it wriggles about and works itself free of its shrivelled host, leaving it with a gaping ventral hole, and after a brief period commences to form a cocoon. It reaches about for grains of soil which it attaches together with silk, thus forming a rough outer frame in which it spins a very tough and firm cocoon (Fig. 7) that tears cleanly like tinfoil, w^hich it somewhat resembles in being smooth and silvery white within. It measures about 9 l)y 3 mm. and is a little broader and blunter anteriorly; near this extremity the cocoon is partitioned off squarely from the less firm terminal subconical portion, by a neat disc, which, being rather thin along the edges, is there cut away by the emerging wasp. The upper portion is then easily ]uereed by the insect. The resting larva within is rather active and bears the plainly visible compound eyes of the adult, as a darker patch on the sides of second thoracic segment. There is nothing remarkable about the whitish Epyiis pupa (Fig. 8); it much resembles the adult in shape and size and bears no or very few spines or protuberances, so characteristic of many other wasps. The ovipositor is briefly exerted. The cocoon period for August-September was about 23 days, and with 2 1/2 days for the egg stage and 4 1/2 for the larval feeding stage makes the life cycle in the laboratory about a month. Perhaps the life cycle outdoors is more brief, a? the (t once ph alum larva frequently, if not as a rule, lives buried but a few inches in loose soil which during the day is kept \-ory A\arm by the sun's rays. The adult wasp is an active flyer and superficially appears much like a Tijjhia wasp; it may be found at flowers and at 63 lioney-dew on bushes. It probably spends much of its time underground. The illustrations are the work of Mr. W. I\. R. Potter. ment Station. Some Observations on the Leaf-Hopper Wasp, Nesomimesa Hawaiiensis Perkins, at Pahala, Hawaii, Feb. 11-April 25, 1918. BY F, X. WILLIAMS. This is a slender, glossy black wasp (Fig. 1) about 1/2" (13 mm.) long frequently observed slowly flying in the more upland cane fields of the Hawaiian Agricultural Co. at Pa- hala. N"one was seen below an elevation of about 1,000 feet, and it was found to occur up to 3,500 feet; it was most plenti- ful, however, in Wood Valley, altitude 1,850-2.200 feet, where its adopted prey, the cane leafhopper {Perhinsiella sacchari- eida Kirkaldy) was for some months very abundant. Fig. I. Nesomimesa hawaiiensis. Dr. Perkins has observed the Hawaiian Mimesidae storing their burrows with native daddy-longleg flies (Limnobiidae), but it is certain that some 'attack native leaf hoppers as well. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, Xo. i, June, 1919. 64 Messrs. Swezey and Bridwell have observed Nesomimesa an- tennata (Smith) in the monntains of Oahn where it was catch- ing Oliavus, a native leaf hopper of the family Cixiidae, and Perkins in Fauna Hawaiiansis speaks of the unsuccessful ef- forts of N. hawaiiensis to catch Fulgoroid leafhoppers. In a shady gully at Pahala, I have seen both Nesomimesa and Pipunculus (a fly which parasitizes the cane leaf-hopper) searching the fronds of tree-ferns, and more than once the wasp pounced upon the moult-skins of Siphanta acuta Walker, a large green leafhopper, immature specimens of which as well as a smaller species of leafhopper occurred on these ferns. But where the cane leafhopper is to be obtained, both wasp and fly have transferred their attention to it in such a measui"e that they are often more abundant in the cane fields than in their native forest. Nesomimesa usually hunts on the wing for her prey, but it cannot be said that she is a particularly good searcher, nor always adept at catching hoppers, and she is sometimes de- ceived by a cast-skin or a mouldy hopper. As a rule nuiture leafhoppers form her prey and what small proportion of young I have found in the cells were well grown. INot every grown hopper is suitable, for some reason many may be passed up by the wasp. Making her choice of victim she may poise a few inches before the PerMnsiella and make a dash at it, if successful, picking it off" the cane with her jaws and legs. Or she may alight on a leaf and locating her victim nearby between leaf bases, with the aid of her wings, pounce upon it at close quarters. On several occasions I saw the wasp sting the hopper. Shortly after the latter is captured, the wasp turns it underside uppermost, and holding it thus in her mid- dle pair of legs, doubles up her abdomen and stings it in the neighborhood of the throat. The sting is administered more than once and the act may be performed either wdien the wasp is resting on a leaf with her prey or hovering in the air M-ith it. The wasp easily flies homcAvard with her quieted victim, 65 iolding it venter upwards beneath her, clasping it about the back of the neck or thorax with the end portion or tarsi of her middle pair of legs so that the spines at the tip of the tibiae are brought across the hopper's throat. Being held only by the wasp's middle pair of legs the hopper hangs obliquely under its carrier. I noticed several Nesomimesa burrows in the vertical bank of a creek bed at the lower Wood Valley Station, altitude 1,850 feet. Above the rich soil was "a layer of "pahoehoe" or layer lava which doubtless prevented excessive moisture from seeping through to the burrows. The latter from one to several feet above the ground in the bank, were sometimes located by the grains of soil heaped up below a burrow. Sev- eral wasps were seen examining the bank and occasionally alighting on the soil for a few minutes ; but when a wasp was engaged in storing her burrow she usually strove to locate and enter it as quickly as possible. The nest-holes are cylin- drical and enter the bank at a slight angle from the horizontal. The main shaft is 6-8 inches long and sometimes ends quite steeply, giving off here rather long branches, each teruiinating in a spacious oval cell about 15 mm. long and 8.5 in greatest Fig. 2. Burrow and nest of Xesomimesa hawaiiensis. diameter. These cells which may number 18 to one nest are horizontal or nearly so, and the passage to them plugged with soil up to the main burrow^ (Fig. 2). This seems sometimes to be done even when the cell in question is not yet completely •66 provisioned. Where several nests are in close proximity their respective cells cannot always be associated. One nest which I laid hare liad three cells, an older one showed twelve, while a completed one had eighteen, each containing a Avasp cocoon. The twelve-cell nest had .'>-l(5 h()])])er8 to a cell, hut in some instances the cells were not yet completely provisioned, while others contaiiuMl hiriiv larvae ov cocoons with a few perfect hoppers and a (piantity of small fragments of the provisions.- ]^one of these or other interned hoppers showed any move- ment, in fact some were not in good condition, among them being mouldy specimens. But one egg is laid to a cell. The egg is glued on the underside of one of the hoppers, being secured longitudinally thereto so that its anterior or head end is near or touches the base of one of the fore legs of its host. The egg is very slightly curved, several times longer than its thickness wliicli is nearly uniform througliout, being very little more bluntly rounded at its anterior than at the posterior ex- tremity. It is 2.5 mm. in length and pearly white. The larva hatches probably in about two days and devour- ing its store of provisions at the end of about six days more, commences to spin its cocoon. It is then about 12 mm long and spindle shaped, the head is of medium size and provided with sharp and slender jaws. The body is well segmented though the lateral folds are not plainly marked, while the whole skin is provided with very fine transparent gi'anulations. The mid-gut is lead color, while both etxremities of the body are glassy white. The silken cocoon is rather delicate, sur- rounded by bits of soil and leaf hopper remains, it tapers a lit- tle more at the ]iosterior end, measures from 10 to 15.5 mm. long by 3.5 to 5 mm. at its greatest breadth, and is of a light- l)rown or tan color. A large female pupa (Fig. ?>) is about 18 mm. long and is rather stout for so slender an insect, the waist being comparatively thick. The top of the head bears two pairs of spines and the mesonotum a pair of low tubercles. There are no lateral tubercles luit the processes on the antennae and legs are knobbed. Its first color is prol)ablv pearly white. 67 Several cocoons which I unearthed April 6 and brought to the Experiment Station yielded adults in the first week of Ma\. The wasp does its share in destroying leafhoppers; while immensely less numerous than the cane pest, it is nevertheless abundant in some fields, where one female may capture 100 or more hoppers for provisioning her nest. In a twelve-celled nest 05 cane leafhoppers were counted, and as this burrow contained three cocoons and one or two other colls in which the provender had been largely consumed, it is (piite safe to estimate the number of Perhinsiella su})plied here as exceeding 100. Fig. 3. Pupa of Xesomimesa hawaiiensis. But while Xcsoniuncsa has l)eneficial habits, it does not work in-full harmony with the Pipuiiculus fly heretofore men- tioned. Be it noted that of the 65 hoppers stored by one wasp, 15 of these were already parasitized by Pipunculus. This is a far higher per cent, of Pipunculus parasitism {2'3%) than existed in the adjacent cane field, from which Nesomimesa very probably caught her prey, (4.09%). Some of the fly maggots in the cells were alive in the lioppers. and others still, brought in through the medium of their host, were suffi- ciently far advanced in development as to be able to pupate. Four pipunculated hoppers secured from a wasp's nest failed to produce puparia, and though Pipunculus sometimes do hatch in the cells, it is doubtful if they can work their way entirely out of their earthen prison. Possiblv the more slug- gish behavior of Pipunculus-^&rsLsitized hoppers in the field permits of their being captured with greater ease and therefore frequency by the wasp than their more healthv brethren. Although this was]^ works best during the sunshine it will 08 industrially bring in hoppers in cloudy weather and even as I once observed, during a light rain. During Xovember I had occasion to visit the Wood Valley region again. The cane leafhopper had disappeared and Nesomimesa was pursuing her vocation higher up among the shrubbery of the native forest which flourished at an eleva- tion of several hundreds of feet above the cane fields. Thus it seems that this wasp which is really a forest in- sect, may from time to time be compelled to fall back on native leafhoppers as a sparser though more dependable source of food su])ply for her young than is furnished by PerJ/in- sieUa. the cane pest. The figures are the work of Mr. W. E. R. Potter, illusra- tor for the IT. S. P. A. Experiment Station. Some Observations on Pipunculus Flies* Which Parasitize the Cane Leafhopper, at Pahala, Hawaii, Feb. 11-April 25, 1918. BY F. X. WILLIAMS. Pipunculus sp. This is a rather small blackish fly (Fig. 1) which like the wasp Nesomimesa haivaiiensis, has largely transferred its atten- * Three species of Pifiiiiciihis were taken at Pahala; P. juvator Per- kins. P. hawaiicnsis Perkins and an undescrihed species. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. IV. Xo. i. June, 1919. tions from native leafhoppers to our introduced pest, the cane leafhopper. Pipunculus, spending- a large part of its existence in flight, is provided with particularly long wings. Its eyes are so far developed as to be contiguous or ''holoptic", occupying almost the entire head, while the feet are provided with pads and long claws for snatching up its prey. Pipunculus is a more widely distributed insect than Neso- rnhncsa; it was found on a number of plantations, extending from near sea level to well into the moist forests. Like the wasp, it was most abundant in the Wood Valley region, in places where the leafhopper occurred in some numbers. It is easily recognized by its hovering flight varied now and then by a jerky shift. The male is slightly the larger of the two, his wings are a trifle darker and his flight a little different from that of the female, for where the latter closely scruti- nizes cane stems, leaves, weeds, or ground, searching for her prey, the male flies somewhat more hurriedly and does not peer so into retreats, etc., and thus covers more ground. Both sexes are often seen on cane leaves, feeding on dew or honey- dew. The male carries his mate about and both are often thus taken on the wing. On numerous occasions I have seen Pipunculus capture her prey and sometimes several of these huntresses could so be seen at one time. One is not always impressed with the fly's selection of hunting grounds, and like Nesomimesa, she is sometimes deceived, though only for the moment, into snatch- ing at leafho])per moult-skins. The victims selected are very small to perhaps a little less than half-grown leafhoppers. A suitable one being discovered by the hovering fly is suddenly pounced upon and snatched up in the air. The captive is sometimes dropped almost immediately as if unsuitable, others, however, are held in mid-air for from ouq to several seconds ; the fly usually rising a little with her burden which would be dropped on a leaf or on the ground. Often immediately there- after, Pipunculus would hunt out another hopper, showing that *T0 she must liavo several eggs ready for laying. While in the air Avith her vietiiii, her abdomen could be seen curved towards it; she is provided with a sharp corneous ovipositor, with which she either pierces the hopper's body oi- inserts her very small egg (not seen) under a body fold. At any rate the liberated homopteron seems unhurt and usually hops away. If the young hopper is too large, the fly is sometimes apprised cf the fact by being hurled back by the insect's vigorous leap. In catching recently pipunculated hoppers, I found it best to sit down before a sort of clearing among cane plants, shake down a number of hoppers and place leaves bearing many young, in suitalde positions and wirh a whiti- cloth or handker- chief held beneath her, carefully but (piickly follow a burdened PipiincuJus. As soon as the hopper is liberated, it falls on the cloth and a wide-mouthed vial is clapped over it. I was unsuccessful in many attempts but numaged thus to secure 6-7 parasitized hoppers in about an hour. The life of the young Pipiinculus is rather long, inasmuch as it is not ready to leave its host's body until some time after the latter has become mature. Then a male hopper thus parasitized develops a much swollen abdomen, but I was not able for certainty to distinguish similarly affected females. The latter often have the body noruuilly swollen with eggs, but when pipunculated, these eggs are consumed by the grow- ing parasite. In its early stages, the maggot is rather soft and delicate, in later development it is decidedly tough ; then it is tinged with orange, is wrinkled and active and short-oblong in shape. On April 12th, I captured a few small hoppers which had been caught \\\) and dropped by Pipuncuhis. Some of these Avere successfully transported to the Experiment Station in Honolulu, whei-e five of them nuitured in the tirst part of ^lay. By IMav 14th one male was seen to have a swollen abdomen and thus to be certainly parasitized but unfortunately it died shortly thereafter. The last of these hoppers to die, a shoi't-wiuued female, did so on ^Mav 20th, and her abdomen contained an almost matnre Pipuncuhis grub. Tims we may estimate the egg and larval stage of the fly. at the commence- ment of the \varm season as approximately forty days. The matnre grnb makes its way ont of the hop])er's body, thns killing the already slnggish insect, and after some honrs forms a very stont, dark-brown pnparinm. In the cane fields these pnparia were not infrequently fonnd at the base of cane leaves or elsewhere on the leaf. The pnpal stage at Pahala, 800 feet, for February-March was fonnd to be 28 days in one case and 34 in another. At first it a]ipeared tliat the male hoppers were the more often parasitized l)y the fly; I believe, however, that this was because the parasitism was more easily recognized in that sex. Affected hoppers were very frequently captitred by the Neso- iniincsa wasp and this seemed to apply particularly to males, as can 1)0 seen frc^m the following table for April 4th. One wasp nest contained hoppers as follows : Males - -- 28 Females .. . 34 Parasitized 14 Parasitized 1 W\ hoppers here were carefully examined. The following are percentages of leafhopper parasitization by PipuncitJus. They are probably underestimated owing to the diflienlty (if distinguishing sumll Pipinicuhis maggots. Pahala 3/1 1 Upper ]\Ioaula (Field Xo. i) 2300 ■' 4/1 Wood Valley Homesteads 2150 " 4/3 Wood Valley Homesteads 2150 " 4/4 Wood Vallev Variety Sta. 1850 " 4/6 Wood Valley Variety Sta. 1850 4/10 Middle Mnd Flow (Field Xo. 40) 1900 4/22 Mill Field (Field Xo. 14) 750 Olaa 3/15 Mountain View (Field 6) 1500 " 3/15 IMoiintain View (Field 6) 1500 7o 3.T 4 11.4 106 7 3.57 104 b 5-77 63 15 t23. 99 4 =^4.04 178 4 2.24 S2 II 134 x-^^ 12 3.6 ^'5 ID 4.63 t Hoppers taken out of nest of Xcsoiiiiuicsa wasp. * ]\Iany hoppers died. 72 Dictyophorodelphax praedicta sp. nov. (Homoptera, Delphacidae) BY JOHN COLBURX BRIDWELL. Length 5.0-().4 iiiiii. ; length of prolongation of head in front of eyes 2.5-2.8; length of teginen 1.3-1.6. Very mnch like D. mirabilis Swezey but darker. The pro- longation of the head is shorter, only about the length of the body and the apical depressed portion is much shorter and compressed, the space between the dorsal carinae being acumi- nate at apex. Lateral carinae confluent at about two-thirds of their length from the base. The tegmina are shorter than in the other species, the four apical segments of the abdomen being visible beyond them instead of through, as in the case of the other two species. The black dots along the veins are much reduced in compari- son with the other species. The uym])hs closely resendde those of D. swezei/i Bridwell but the prolongation of the head is slightly deflexed instead of straight. S The genital styles are more elongate than those of D. swezeyi and only gently curved, the slender })oints not being clawlike as are those of D. mirabUis. The extreme apices are slio-htlv blunt and recurved. Fig. I. Dictyophorodelphax praedicta, cdeagus (highly enlarged). The edeagus has the slender apical portion nearly in a straight line with the not greatly stouter basal portion. The ventral surface of the slender apical portion is covered with many small reflexed teeth and there are two groups of stouter The figure is the work of Mr. W. R. R. Potter, illustrator for the H. S. P. A. Experiment Station. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV. No. i, June, 1919. 73 teeth on the dorsal surface, one basal and the other at the origin of the apical processes. At about two thirds the dis- tance from the base, the apical slender portion is divided into two apical processes, of which the ventral is stouter and only about two-thirds the length of the dorsal and is dorsally curved. The dorsal process is ventrallj curved and somewhat strap-shaped. In D. sirezeyi the dorsal teeth are in a single group at the base of the slender portion while the ventral teeth are larger and the teeth are much the same in D. mirabilis. Described from 13 $ 5 . 9 cJ 5 and one nymph, August 8, 1918 (O. II. Swezey) 21 9 9 , 10 $ S and 5 nymphs, Aug. 1-'] and Sept. 8, 1918 (J. C. Bridwell), collected on Euphorbia hookeri integnfolia in lao Valley, Maui, Hawaiian Islands, at elevations of 600-800 feet on the lower slopes of the ridges rising out of the valley. Type S and allotype 9 , nymphs and paratypes deposited in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Par- atypes in the collections of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Asso- ciation, the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, and in the pri- vate collections of J. C. Bridwell, O. H. Swezey, and P. H. Timberlake. My thanks are due to Mr. Frederick Muir for the prepara- tion of the drawing of the edeagus accompanying and to Mr. P. H. Timberlake for the dissections upon which the descrip- tions of this species and D. i^trezcyi were based. NOTES AND EXHIBITIONS. Maul Delphacicls. — ^Iv. Giffard exhibited 6 species of Del- phacidae collected on Maui in August by Mr. J. F. Kock, viz. : From :Mt. Eeke, 5,000 feet elevation, West Maui: 1 specimen Nesorestias n. sp., or Ilhumla n. sp. If the latter, probably a variety of I. fuUnwayi. 74 Small series of Ilhitrnia fnUairdiji var. All off Annj- ro.riphiiiDi ?p. From Waikamoi, East ]\Iani, approximately 4,000 feet elevation : Large series of Ilhurnia sp. off Gunnera petaloidea. Large series of Ilhurnia sp. off Pipturus. Small series of Ilhurnia sp. off Cijanea aculcatiflora. Small series of Ilhurnia sp. close to /. hJackhur)ii, off Cyanea h am matiflora. Both sexes and nvmphs were represented, Hawaii Delpli acids. — Mr. Giffard exhibited a collection of Delpliacidae collected by himself on the Island of Hawaii dnr- ing the months of Jnlv and Angust. With the exception of a few honrs collecting in a remote district, the whole collection was taken witliin a radius of 5 or (5 miles from hio residence in Olaa near the Volean(^ Kilanea, The exhibit inclnded the following : Scries of all the '■] known species of Nesodryas from that Island, witli the addition of a small series of one new species from A)rlidesnui platypliyllum. A large series of Xe.sodryas munroi from Dodonea vis- cusa var. spatJndata, Avhich hitherto has only been taken- sparsely on the Island of Lanai on the same food-plant. Of the species of the Lei aloha and Aloha groups, all were collected with a view to sorting out variations in- color. A small series of one new species of Aloha( ?) taken on the sand desert at the Volcano off the common fern, Nephrolepis exaUata. will make the fourth of the genus so- far taken on the Island of Haw-aii. The genus Ilhurnia was also well represented by all the- speeies with the exception of one species from Ivona (which place was not visited) and two other old species which have not as yet been verified by the capture of males. The com- mon species of this large genus were taken on this occasion: 75 because of variations in color Or because of these being at- tached in numbers to food-plants so far not recorded. Of the g-enus Ilhimiia, the collection also included 3 new species in series of both sexes, viz. : . One species off Coprosnia ei-nodeoides, taken in Ohia. One species off SmUax sandivicensis , taken in Olaa. One species off Lipochaeta sidjcordata, taken in the a-a flows at Kahuku, Kan. Scunoan insects. — Mr. Giffard exhibited a second consign- ment of insects received from Dr. II. ('. Kellers, U. S. X., collected at various elevations on the Island of Tutuila of the Samoan group. Of particular interest was the large series of a number of species of Fulgoridae and Jassidae. Ilhurnia Voae. — ]\Ir. Swezev exhibited a series of this Del- phacid collected on koa at Kaiwiki, Hawaii, some of whic]i had shorter tegmina than usual and lacked wings. Tliis form was thought not to have been previously recorded. Insects from Kaiunl-i, Ilaicail. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a miscellaneous collection of insects made on a one-dav trip to Kaiwiki, Hawaii, in the forest about 9 miles above llilo. There were 260 specimens, representing about 75 species. TrypoxyJon sp. — ]\Ir. Swezey reported the capture in Hilo of the small undetermined Trypoxylon common in Honolulu. This species had not been previously reported from Hawaii. However, when brought to the attention of Brother Matthias Kewell, he said he had known of its presence in Hilo for sev- eral years but had not recognized it as being distinct from the larger species T. hicolor. NesodrycLs eugenlae. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited s]>ecimens of this Delphacid taken on Strcbiissia kaduana. Avhich consti- tutes a new host for the species. It was taken on it at differ- ent times during the past month. Nesodryas n. sp. — Mr. Timberlake exhibittd specimens of a new species of Nesodryas taken on Kadiia. Oechalia. — ^Ir. Bridwell presented notes on tliis genus of bugs of which ho ('(tiisidered there were five (li>tinct specie^ or sub-species from the ditfereiit Islands. CaJandm remota. — Mr. Bridwell reported that this Cureu- lionid which he lias found in banana stumps at several diifer- ent places in the mountains and foot hills back of Honoluhj, he has recently distinguished in the Experiment Station, H. S. P. A. collections, collected by ^Mr. Muir in China, Malay Peninsula, Java, Borneo and Andx.iua. This demonstrated it to be an immigrant in Hawaii. Alphifohitis cUapennus. — Mr. Bridwell reported finding this Tenebrionid beetle in a bag of spoiled mixed feed at Haiku, Maui. liJiyiirofjdinis JaJiainac. — ^Mr. Bridwell exhil)ited a C'urculi- onid beetle captured by him on ]\[aui, which agrees fairly well with the description of this species. Mdni Delphacids. — ^Iv. Bridwell exhibited 11 species of Delphaeidae recently collected on ]\laui. They will be worked up by ]\Ir. j\Iuir in a forthcoming paper along with other Maui material. Jassids from Maui. — ^Ir. I>ridwell exhil)ited B species of Jassidae collected on Maui: 8 species in lao Valley on Eu- plhoi^hia, Pipfnrus, and Dodonca riscosa respectively ; o s])ecies on Haleakala at 0,000 feet, one on Dodonca and two on Era- grostis atropioides respectively. Capsid resembling liediiriohis. — Mr. Bridwell exhibited a peculiar Capsid bug resembling Rcduviolus captured by him on a grass (Deyru.ria) at the sunnnit of Haleakala, Maui. Proierhinus sp. — Mr. Bridwell reported capturing a ])ecu- liar species of Pvoterliinus in dead wood of Cyrtandra in the mountains back of Tantalus. The species has long spinous setae and is evidently an undescribed form, but the specimen unfortunately is defective, having lost its head. The species differs from P. hlacl-hurni Sharp in having the subsutural ridges produced forward in front of the anterior margin of the elytra much as in P. drinop.s Perkins, which is otherwise very different. NOVEMBER 7th, 1918. The one hundred fifty-eighth meeting of the Society was held in the nsnal place. Members present: Messrs. Bridwell, Ehrhorn, Giffard, Mant, Mnir, Eosa, Swezey and Timberlake. As none of the officers were present at the opening honr, Mr. Giffard was chosen as chairman of the meeting, and he ap- pointed Mr. Swezey as secretary. Minutes of previous meeting were read and approved with corrections. PAPER. Studies in Rhynchophora (Coleoptera). V. The Genus Rhyncogonus. BY DR. DAVID SHARP. (presented by MR. F. MFIR ) Rhyncogonus Sharp, 1885. Tr. Dublin Soc., Ser. 2, Vol. Ill, p. 176. When I established this genus, I indicated its relations to Celeuthetes and EJytnnus. These two genera are placed by Lacordaire in the division Celeuthetides, and it would there- fore appear that I was of opinion that Rhyncogonus is a Cele- uthetid, though I specially pointed out its similarity to Otio- rhynchus, which Lacordaire considers to be a member of ;i group of general (Otiorhynchides vrais) distinct from Peleu- thetides. In order to settle the position of this interesting and important division of the Hawaiian fauna, I have reinvesti gated the question, with the result of finding that Rhyncojonus has characters so peculiar that it should form a separate group of Otiorhynchidae that may be called Rhyncogonides triba nov The chief character of the gToup consists in the form of the buccal cavity ; this is not tilled externally by the mentum, so that the maxillae are visible for all their length, while tho maxillary cleft extends backwards beyond the junction of the Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i. June. 1919. 78 iiiciituiii with the hoad-siirfaeo so that a short gular peduncle exits. This i> a izreat jxriiliarity in the Otiorbynchidae, where it is the rnh' that the niaxilhie are quite or nearly covered by the iiiciituin. this jxiint of structure being in fact that on which I.a('(>r(hiir(' founded his Legion Adelognathi, so that the condi- tion we find in Eliyncof/onns would suggest its removal from the Otiorhynchidae, and that it should find a place in tlir; Phanerogiiathi, among the host of forms of wbicb legion there is so far as T know nothing at all allied to Bhyncof/o'iui.^. The Phanerognathous condition of the mouth is mosi eom- ])letely displayed by Rhyncogonus lioehelei. but it exists in .^U the other species of B]iyncogo)iiis: I have been able to see. though to a less conspicuous extent. Some of the Celeuthetides have the month not completely Adelognathus (e. g. Elytrurus), and it is probably to these that FJnjncogomis is nearest, but the C'eleuthetides have also the coi'hcls iiioi'c or less mo mm. and has somewhat the appearance of a minute blackhunii with flat shining elytra, white hair extending all the length of the side of the thorax. The male organ has been examined ; the apical portion of the median lobe is unusually short and broad. This specimen has l)een labelled by me as R. IS. Rhyncogonus koebeiei Perkins. This was described from a single male eaxmple, but was subsequently reported by Dr Perkins as being plentiful in the ]\ranoa Valley on Oahu. The species is the most remarkable of the genus, the maxillae being completely exposed, and the eyes not prominent. There is a small series from Palolo Val- ley, Oahu, in the Giffard collection, including both sexes. In the male the median lobe has the apical portion much pro- longed and the tip curved upwards. The sac appears to be almost cylindrical, and the large transfer apparatus to he so -placed as, to continue the axis of the sac, but only one specimen has been seen and confirmation is desirable. Rhyncogonus sp. n. (?) In the Giffard collection there are two males of a form very closely allied to hoehelei, but with obsolete sculpture on the thorax, the elytra a little differently shaped, being rather shorter, more convex and with indistinct lateral margin. The buccal cavity and the eyes are quite as remarkulde as rhey are 80 in koebelei. The apical portion of the median lobe of the aedeagns (Fig. '^>) is not so prolonged, and this would seem to point to a really distinct species. Waimano Mountains. Labelled R. 6. Rhyncogonus sordidus Perkins. I refer a small series of specimens in the Giifard collection from the Island of Lanai to this species, and Avith much don])t two from Oahu. In the specimens examined from Lanai the apical portion of the median lobe is broad, comparatively short, and with very slightly curved upwards tip. I think the Oahu form has a still shorter apex of the median lobe, and a bettei- series might show it to be distinct. Rhyncogonus sp. n. (?) near R. stygius. Three specimens (1 male, 2 females) from Freycinetia, Wahiawa, Oahu, are probably yet another new species. It i? a large form, perhaps a little smaller than hlackhurni, with rostrum rather longer, and the snout less dilated, the eyes less prominent. The aedeagus of a specimen labelled R. 4 suggests a close relationship with blachburni. My examination of the male organs, inadequate as it is, shows that the male copulatory apparatus is of a sim])le nature, very common in Otiorhynchidae, and that different species in this genus exhibit only slight distinctions. In fact this seems to support the theory that all the species may have arisen in the Islands from a single species. A careful examination of numerous specimens with a view to ascertaining the constancy or variation of this organ is eminently desirable. In his review of the genus in the Introduction to the Fauna Ilawaiiensis, Dr. Perkins enumerated 24 species of Rhynco- fjonus, and mentions that none is known to occur on Hawaii. Mr. Giffard has, however, found a species there, of which de- scription follows: Rhyncogonus giffardi sp. n. Fusco-niger, parce griseo-squamons, antennarum funiculo tibiusque subflavescentibus, elytris convexis ad latera minus discrete carinatis ; ocu- lis mediocriter convexis. Long. inc. rostr. 8 mm. Hab. Insula Hawaii. 81 The ouly specimen is in bad condition, but is certainly a distinct species, and as the genus has been hitherto unrepre- sented in the Island of Hawaii, it is well to name this species, and it is due to its discoverer, W. M. Giffard, that his name should be associated with it. EXPLA^'ATION OF FIGURES. Fig. 1. Median lobe, Rhyncogonus blacl-hurni, internal sac extended. Fig. 2. Tegnnen, B. hJacl'hurni , dissected off the median lobe, which it encircles. Fig. 3. Median lobe of R. Tcoebelei, sac not extended. Fig. 4. Transfer-apparatus of Rhyncogonus sp. near hoe- belei. Lettering is uniformly as follows: — ^b. bridge of tegmen; d. duct ; f . fork of tegmen ; f . o. functional orifice ; h. a. hinge- apparatus; i. s. internal sac (usually quite hidden) ; s. a. supe- rior appendage of tegmen; t. a. transfer apparatus; t. s. teg- minal strut. In facies intermediate between R. vestitus and R. simplex, and may be placed near the latter, from which it is distin- g-uished by the denser pubescense and by the elytra markedly acuminate at the apices. Eyes about as convex as in simplex. Thorax densely punctate with a smooth space along the middle near the front, the pallid pubescense forming a rather large patch at the sides behind, elsewhere scanty. Elytra with more 82 pubescense, forming irregular patches, which however allow the sculpture to be seen. It consists of series of moderately large punctures. Underside rather strongly punctured at the base of the abdomen. The mentum allows the maxillae to be seen at its sides but only slightly. The specimen is a male, with the abdomen rather deeply impressed at the base, and much hair on the terminal segment. It was taken on Acacia koa at Puuwaawaa, North Kona, Ha- waii, at an elevation of 3700 feet, August 8th 1917. The type is in the collection of Mv. W. M. Giffard. Ts^OTES AND EXHIBITIONS. Cryptorliyncliine beetle in ginger. — Mr. Swezey exhibited an adult weevil found in rhizones of the common white ginger (Hedychium coronanum) at the grounds of George Sherman, ISTuuanu, November 4th, 1918. It was apparently a beetle that had not been noticed before. A small patch of the plant was being killed out. Several larvae and pupae and two beetles were found among the much-eaten rhizomes. After some discussion, a motion carried that in co-operation with the Board of Agriculture an attempt be made at tracing the distribution of the pest and employing means of eradicating it. As a Corfimittee for this purpose Messrs Ehrhorn and Swezey were appointed. Cerambycid beetle. — Mr. Bridwell exhibited a specimen of the same Cerambycid beetle which was reported by him at the July, 1917, meeting as having reared from dead papaia leaf stems, and at the June, 1918, meeting from pods of Acacia fai-nesiana. The species has not been determined yet, but it was collected by Mr. Williams in the Philippines, where it was the prey of certain wasps whose habits he was observing. Hence, it is to be considered an immigrant from the Philip- pines. Considerable discussion followed in regard to methods bv 83 which iinniigrant insects may arrive in spite of present effi- cient quarantine methods. Mr. Giffard rehited the manner in ^vhich certain termites reached Honolulu in army bed cots from the Philippines after the Spanish-American War, became established at the water- front and have spread to other parts. ]\Ir. Ehrhorn related the intercepting of termites in a ship- ment of banana plants and yams from the Philippines. They were in great quantities in the shipping boxes, and were promptly incinerated in the plant quarantine laboratory. Mr. Muir reported that it is believed the rhinoceros beetle was introduced into Samoa in the sleeping mats of immigrants from India, as it had been found under such circumstances. Jassid on Amaranth. — Mr, Ehrhorn exhibited specimens of a small green Jassid collected by him recently on the weed, Amarantus spinosus,- near his office at the waterfront. It was apparently a different species from the other similar Jassids occurring on gi-asses here, and probably is a new immigrant, DECEMBER 12th, 1918. The one hundred fifty-ninth meeting of the Society was held in the usual place, Vice-President Timberlake in the chair. Other members present: Messrs. Bridwell, Crawford, Ehrhorn, Fullaway, Giffard, Grinnell, Muir, Potter, Rosa, Swezey and Williams. Minutes of previous meeting read, corrected and approved. In behalf of the Committee to investigate the ginger weevil, Mr. Swezey reported that all the infested plants at Mr. Sherman's residence had been dug up and burned. Later, the weevil was found in a patch of ginger on the Tantalus Trail, near the Schaefer residence, but other patches of ginger at higher elevations on Tantalus and in ISTuuanu Valley were found uninfested. He had reared adult specimens from larvae previously brought in. Mr. Ehrhorn reported that an examina- tion of the records of quarantine inspection disclosed no record 84 of infested ginger; that the market contained no infested ginger so far as he had found ; and that other kinds of ginger than Hedychium coronarium including the red ginger of Fiji, another species with cone-shaped flowers and still another low form, probably a native species, were examined and no trace of infestation found. After some discussion, it was voted that the report be accepted in course and in view of the prevailing opinion that the pest might be eradicated if prompt and vigor- ous action were taken, the Secretary was instructed to address the Superintendent of Forestry asking the cooperation of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry to this end, stating at the same time that whatever assistance could be rendered by indi- vidual members of the Entomological Society would be gladly given. Messrs. S^vezey and Fullaway were appointed a conunittee to prepare a memorial for Mr. H. O. Marsh, a former member whose death had recently been noted. New Hawaiian Delphacidae (Homoptera). BY F. MUIE. The list of Hawaiian Delphacidae has been considerably increased during 1918. This is chiefly due to the activities of Messrs. Bridwell, Fullaway, Giffard, Rock and Swezey. In the present paper eighteen new species, one new sub-species and two new varieties are described, but a considerable portion of the collected material has not yet been worked, chiefly con- sisting of a collection made by Mr. W. M. Giffard in Hawaii. This latter material contains several new species. An exten- sion of localities has been noted for several species, and the food plants of most of the new species and of some of the old ones are recorded. The taking of Nesodryas laka (Kirk.) and llhurnia monUcoJa (Kirk.) is of interest as no specimens of Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i. June, 1919. 85 these two species existed in the collections in the Territory. The finding of more specimens of I. osborni (Muir) shows that the aedeagns of the single specimen from wdiich the species was described was damaged. The cyatliodes group shows some interesting features for here we have certain chrootic changes, which in other groups of Delphacidae are of generic value, while the genitalia remain practically unchanged. All the new species show as great a phallic differentiation as the old. In this question of phallic differentiation lies the chief problem of the evolution of the Delphacidae, especially of the evolution of species. Work done by Mr. Giffard on North American Delphacidae shows the same diversity of the genitalia as I have found among the Haw^aiian and Oriental species. Mr. Timberlake made dissections and mounts of his own material and that of Mr. Bridwell, and Mr. Giffard prepared mounts and drawings of the material collected by himself, and Messrs. Fullaw^ay and Eock, so that to a large extent T am only the recorder of these new species. The types are all deposited in the collection of the Hawaii- an Sugar Planters' Association, Honolulu. Measurements are from the apex of vertex to the anus and from the base to apex of one tegmen. The generic name Ilhurnia has been used in place of the better known Nesosydne, but the change is unavoidable. Kelisia Fieb. Kelisia eragrosticola, n. sp. PI. IV, f. 2. Male. Brachypterous ; length 2.6 mm. ; tegmen i mm. Vertex slightly longer than the width at base, apex slightly conically produced, narrower than base, sides straight, converging towards apex, the Y carina obscure, the diamond-shape cell not reaching the apex; length of face about twice the width, widest about the middle, median carina simple; antennae reaching about the middle of clypeus, first joint half the length of the second. Pronotum about as long as vertex, lateral carinae straight and slightly diverging to near hind margin, then slightly converging and reaching the hind margin. Tegmina not reaching to the middle of abdo- men. Hind tibiae longer than tarsi, first tarsus subequal to the other 86 two together. Spur slightly shorter than the first tarsus with many small teeth on the hind margin. Opening of pygofer large, deeply emarginate on ventral edge, less deeply on dorsal edge, and segment fitting into dorsal emargination, short, each ventral corner produced into an apically trimcate spine : gen- ital styles strongly curved, slightly flattened, broadest on basal half, apex bluntly pointed, aedeagus subcylindrical, flattened and curved on apical half, apex rounded, orifice on outer side of the curve near apex, a row of small teeth along the apical half continuing along the right side, the teeth on the dorsal aspect near the middle forming a small comb, on the ventral aspect near the end of the row of teeth are some teeth forming a small, irregular comb curving to the left side. Pale orange yellow, pale or whitish over the carinae of pro- and mesonotum and continued as three marks down the dorsum of abdomen with an outer light line on pleura of abdomen, carinae of vertex and face light, between carinae more or less fuscous, darkest along the carinae, two irregular, longitudinal dark marks down antennae, two longitudinal brown marks on femora and tibiae, genital styles, ventral portion of anal segment and middle of diaphragm brown. Tegmina pale orange yellow, veins slightly lighter than membrane, granules very ob- scure, a few small, black hairs, a small black mark on hind margin at apex of clavus. Female. Brachypterous ; length 3.1 mm.; tegmen i mm. Similar in color to the male. Macropterous; length 3.3 mm.; tegmen 3.3 mm. Apical veins brown- ish and a dark mark on the hind margin at apex of clavus ; wings with brown veins. Habitat. lao Valley, Matti. (Giffard and FuUaway, May, 1918) on Eragrostis rariabUis. One male from the same locality and food plant {Bridwell, August 1918). Described from forty-seven males, fifty females and a few nymphs. The nymphs show the three longitudinal pale marks very distinctly and are inclined to be slightly darker than the adults. The genitalia of this species are of interest as they show the transmission from K. swezeyi and K. sporobolicola to A'. emoJoa. K. sporobolicola Kirk. PI. IV, Fig. 13. Previously T figured the left side of the aedeagns of this species- but as the chief row of s])ines are on the right side I *Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. 111:4. PL V, f. 21 (1917'). now figure that aspect. A long series from Pun Xianiau, Hale- akala, Maui, about 7000 feet elevation (/, C. Bridwell, August 1918) on Eragrostis atropioides. One of these is a macrop- terous female. In general color they are darker than tho aver- age Oahu specimens. Leialoha Kirk. Leialoha lehuae mauiensis, n. var. In coloration this is near to L. leJiuae haivaiiensis and it varies in the same manner. The aedeagus is closely related to it as well, but has no small spine at the apex but one near the apex of the crook. Habitat. Olinda, Maui, 4200 feet elevation (Giffard and FidJaicay, May 1918) on Coprosma montana. Four males, three females and thirteen nymphs. This is the first Leialoha taken on Maui. Xesodkyas Kirk. Nesodryas fletus (Kirk.) One female from Lupe ditch, Maui (Giffard and Fullaway, May 1918) on Antidesmn platypliyVum. The marks on the face are darker and more distinct than usual. Nesodryas (Nesothoe) laka (Kirk.) One male, three females and two nymphs from ridge south of lao Valley, Maui, 800 feet elevation {BiidweU, August 1918) on Sida. These conform fairly well to Kirkaldy's de- scription which was made from one female, and are the only specimens taken since the type. N. (Nesothoe) munroi :Muir. Xiueteen males, thirty females and nymphs on Dodonea riscosa var. spathuJata, A-a flows, Kau. Hawaii, 3600 feet ele- vation (Giffard, July 1918). N, (Nesothoe) gulicki Muir. Twelve specimens on Euphorbia sp., Xuuanu Pali (Giffard and 2[uir, December 1918). The tignre of the aedeagus of this species* i.^ not very g(X>d. The orifice is at the apex, from the left edge of the orifice arises a small spine, a little basad and slightly more ventrad is a larger spine expanded at the apex with some small pro- jections on the expanded portion, basad of this and on the right side there is a small spine curved distad and with a minnte spine about the middle. A long series from middle Puna, Hawaii, 750 feet eleva- tion, on Metrosideros collina polymorpha var. glaherrima. Sev- eral specimens in this series are very light in color, especially some of the females in which most of the color on the tegmina is faded out. Also three specimens from 23 miles. Olaa, Ha- waii. (Giffard, August 1918). Aloha Kirk. Aloha ipomoeae Kirk. .V long series from the sea shore at Olowalu, J\laui, some off of Ipomoea pes-capiue which are all light in color, and others on Ipomoea peniaphyllum which are all much darker in color. Three adults on Ipomoea insularis from lao Valley, Maui, also belong to the dark variety (Giffard and Fidlaway, Mav 1918). Two males, five females and young on Seshania tomentosa and one male and eight female on Ipomoea pes-caprae, from Momomi, ;^rolokai {Bocl\ June 1918). These are all light forms. Ilbuexia White. I. pseudorubescens (Muir.) Two male specimens from Olinda, Maui, 4200 feet eleva- tion, one taken on Lobelia sp. and the other on Acacia l-oa, which I consider to be this si)ecies (Giffard and Fidlaway, May 1918). I. tetramalopii n. sp. PI. Ill, f. 7, PI. IV, f. 19. Male. Brachypterous ; length i.6 mm.; tegmcn 1.3 mm. Length of vertex nearly douhle the width, apex subconical, .sides subparallel to near *Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, III (1916). PI. 2, fig. 13. 89 apex, base about middle of eye; length of face 1.7 times the width, sides slightly acuate, median carina simple ; antennae reaching a little beyond base of clypeus, first joint half the length of second; legs short, hind femora not reaching beyond apex of abdomen, tibiae longer than tarsi, first tarsus about equal to the other two together, spur as long as first tarsus. Tegmina reaching to eighth abdominal tergite. Opening of pygofer large, about as long as broad, round, (in the figure the anal segment is shown greatly elevated and so the shape of the opening looks longer than broad, when the anal segment is in repose the shape of pygofer is more like that of bridivelli), dorsal emargination large, wide, embracing about half the anal segment, anal angles not produced ; anal segment with two short spines on the under side not very near together ; genital styles flat, broad, apex truncate with the angles slightly produced, outer and inner edges slightly con- cave; aedeagus flattened laterally, slightly curvd, broadest in middle, considerably narrowed at apex which is produced into a small point, right side with three small, flattened spines, left side with two spines. Dark auburn or black, antennae, carinae of head and thorax, between the carinae of pronotum and over the mesonotum, median portion of pygofer and seventh and eighth abdominal tergites pale orange ; legs light with longitudinal markings on femora and tibiae, apical tarsi dark. Tegmina opaquely or milky white, veins whitish with black granules bearing black hairs, a black mark at apex of clavus. The opaque white- ness varies, the membrane in some specimens being clear with brownish markings. Female. Brachypterous; length 2 mm.; tegmen i.i mm. In color the female is generally lighter than the male. Habitat. Haleakala (near the sumniit), ]\f.aui, 7000 feet elevation {BridweU, Angust 1918) on Tetmmolopium humile. Described from fourteen males, fourteen females and twenty nymphs. The nymphs are light in color with darker markings somewhat similar to the adults hut not so extensive, the tegmina! pads are mostly all dark. This species is very distinct and I cannot place it very near to any other species at present. I. argyroxiphii (Kirk.) I have not seen a male of this species. A female specimen taken by Swezey at the same time as the male figured by Kirkaldy* has the following dimensions : Length 3.0 mm., tegmen 1.2 mm. ; lengih of vertex 1.3 Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. I. Plate 4, fig. 6. 90 times the width, slightly widened towards the apex which is slightly rounded, base slightly in front of the middle of eye; length of face twice the width, sides slightly curved, median carina simple; antennae reaching slightly helond the liase of clypens, first joint half the length of second. Tegmina reaching base of fifth segment; hind femora considerably longer than tarsi, first tarsus longer than the other two together. Tt is i30ssible that this comes into the same group as I. brid- wclU and I. tetramalopii but there are several distinct differ- ences in structure. I. monticola (Kirk.) PI. IV, f. 10. Vertex slightly longer than wide, apex slightly and broadly conical ; length of face more than twice the width, median carina simple ; anten- nae reaching to the base of the clypeus or slightly beyond, first joint about half the length of second. The genitalia are close to those of I. Icahi (Kirk.) ; the pygofer is slightly narrower, the anal spines large and diverging with a lobe from the anal segment basad of the spines, the genital styles are bent slightly more in the middle than is the case in /. Icahi; aedeagus figured. A long series of both sexes and nymphs from Haleakala, Maui, 7000 feet elevation, (BridiveU, August 1918) feeding on Coprosma montana. I. rubescens (Kirk.) Five males and one female, Haleakala, Maui (Puu Nia- niau) on the phyllodia of Acacia Jroa (B rid well August 1918). I. bridwelli n. sp. PI. Ill, f. 3, PI. IV, f. 20. Male. Brachypterous ; length 2 mm. ; tegmen 1.5 mm. Length of vertex nearly double the width (i to 1.9), sides subparallel, apex slightly conical, base well behind the middle of eye ; length of face nearly two and one-half the width (i to 2.4), sides slightly curved, median carina simple; antennae reaching slightly beyond base of clypeus, first joint half the length of second ; hind femora not reaching beyond apex of abdomen, hind tarsi nearly equal in length to the tibiae, first hind tarsus equal to the other two together, tegmen reaching to anal segment. Opening of pygofer large, wider than long, sides well rounded, dorsal emargination large, embracing about half the anal segment ; spines on anal segment large, stout, not near together; genital styles flat, broad, widest at apex which is truncate with the lateral angles produced, nar- rowest in middle, (in a flat, lateral view the narrowness is not so great) ; aedeagus flattened laterally, rounded at apex, functional orifice near apex 91 on ventral aspect, three small curved spines near middle of dorsal aspect and one smaller spine more distad on right and two on the left side. Black or brown ; antennae, carinae of head and thorax lighter, legs brownish with darker longitudinal marks, apical tarsi brown, base of abdomen, dorsal aspect and edges of pygofer and a narrow stripe down abdominal dorsum j^ellowish or light brown. Tegmina hyaline slightly opaque or milky white with slight infuscation over the middle area veins concolorous as membrane with black granules bearing black hairs, a dark mark at apex of clavus and another at apex of costal cell and at apex of cubitus. Female. Brachypterous ; length 2.4 mm.; tegmen 1.7 mm. In color lighter than the male, being light brown. One female, perhaps imma- ture, being yellow with tegmina immaculate except for the black granules which are very small. Habitat. Haleakala, Maui, about 7000 feet elevatiou ( near the small crater of Puu Nianiau) on Argyroxiphium virescens. (Bridwell, August 1918). Described from two males, four females and one nymph. The nymph is dark brown, lighter on carinae, at base of abdomen and mottled over tegminal pads. This species comes near to /. tetra^nalopii. I. cyathodis (Kirk.) The forms associated under this species are of great interesr as among them we have considerable chrootic but practically no phallic differences. Among continental faunae the differ- ences found in such a form as eeke would be considered as of generic value, judging by some of the European and American genera. But as my studies of Hawaiian Delphacidae have been primarily based upon the genitalia, and as there is no doubt as to the close affinity of the forms in question, I prefer to associate them under njathodls as subspecies and varieties, After examining the new material from Maui I consider fullawayi as of only varietal value. The five forms T now class as follows: Ilhurnia cyathodis (Kirk.) var. fuUaivayi (Muir) var. lanaiensis (Muir) var. nigrinervis Muir suh-siDccies eel-e Muir. 92 I. cyathodjs nigrinervis n. var. :\lale. Brachypterous ; length 1.5 mm.; tegmen .6 mm. Vertex as long as broad, apex slightly roundly produced, sides parallel, base in front of the middle of eye, head nearly as broad as thorax; length of face twice the width, median carina simple; antennae reaching barely to base of clypeus, second joint 2.6 times the length of first, first aiiout as long as broad ; hind femora not reaching beyond the apex of abdomen ; tibiae longer than femora, tarsi equal to tibiae, first tarsus equal to the other two together; tegmina reaching to base of sixth segment. Light brown over face and vertex, darker over apical portion of face and over clypeus, dark brown on thorax and black over abdomen. Teg- mina hyaline, slightly opaque and faintly fuscous or brownish over the greater area, the apical cells clearer, all the veins fuscous or brownish. Fine, short hairs sparsely cover the head, thorax and abdomen, more perceptibly so on the face. Female. Brachypterous; length 1.9 mm.; tegmen .9 mm.; in color lighter than the male. Habitat. Haleakala, Mani {Sicezey, August 1918) on Cyafhodcs sp. Deseriped from thirteen males and sixteen fe- males. There is one male specimen in the Bridwell collection from the same locality (7000 to 8000 feet deviation) on Sfa- phylea grayana (Cyathodes). I, cyathodis lanaiensis (Muir.) Three males, four females and a nvmph from lao Valley, Mani, (B)idircl], August 1918) on Cyathodes sp. I. cyathodis eeke n. subsp. Male. Brachypterous ; length 2 mm. ; tegmen .8 mm. Vertex slightly longer than l)road (i to 1.20), sides parallel, apex slightly rounded, base about middle of eyes ; length of face twice the width ; head nearly as wide as thorax; antennae reaching to base of clypeus, scond joint 1.2 times the length of first, lateral carinae of pronotum straight, slightly diverging, reaching hind margin. Tegmina reaching to middle of fourth abdominal segment. Head, thorax and legs dirty pale yellow orange, fuscous between cari- nae of head ; dark, longitudinal marks on legs, abdomen black. Tegmina dirty pale yellow orange, veins without granules with very fine light hairs. Female. Brachypterous; length 2.3 mm.; tegmen .8 mm. Similar in color to the male but abdomen often lighter. Habitat. Mount Eeke, West Maui, 5000 feet elevation (J. Bod-. August 1918) on Air/yro.ripliiinn sp. Described from thirteen males and nine females. There is some little variation in color, the marks on the legs fading ont entirely. The genitalia of this snbspecies is the same as in 7. cija- thodis, otherwise it differs in having a longer and narrower vertex, the teginina are ninch shorter and the whole insect is proportionallj longer and narrower. I. longipes n. sp. PI. Ill, f. 4; PI. IV, f. 15. Male. Brachypterous ; length 2.3 mm. ; tegmen i mm. Vertex longer than broad (i to .8), sides subparallel, apex truncate, length of face more than twice the width (2.25 to i) slightly broadened on apical half, median carina simple but slightly thickened on basal third ; antennae reaching to middle of clypeus or beyond, basal joint very slightly shorter than apical joint ; legs long, hind femora reaching beyond apex of abdo- men, tibiae considerably longer than femora, tarsi considerably shorter than tibiae, first joint very slightly longer than other two, spur consider- ably shorter than first tarsus. Tegmina reaching to middle of abdomen. Opening of pygofer about as long as wide, each anal angle of pygofer produced into rounded process which nearly meet in middle line and nearly surround the anal segment; anal segment without spines; genital styles slightly curved, narrowed in the middle, apical half subdiamond shape; aedeagus tubular, orifice at apex slightly ventrad, two small flanges at base on dorsal aspect, three large spines on dorsal aspect near apex; diaphragm produced into a ridge in middle with a sha- greened surface. Mustard yellow, fuscous between carinae of face and on gena forming two narrow lines on face and continuing onto the apical portion of vertex, brownish between carinae of thorax, on medio-lateral portion of abdomen, apex of labium and claws. Tegmina hyaline, light mustard yellow, veins darker, the subcostal, claval and middle of the median and cubital cells brownish, a darker mark running over the membrane from base of subcostal cell to apex of clavus ; granules very sparse and mi- nute bearing black hairs. Female. Brachypterous; length 2.7 mm.; tegmen 1.3 mm. Similar in coloration to male. Habitat. Olinda, Maui, 4200 feet elevation. (Giffard and Fidlaway, May 1918) on Cyrtandra mauiensis. Described from three males and one female. I. coprosmae n. sp. PI. Ill, f. 2; PI. IV, f. 21. Male. Brachypterous; length 2.5 mm.; tegmen 1.4 mm Vertex very slightly longer than wide, apex slightly broadened and rounded; length 94 of face two and one-half the width, sides nearly straight, median carina simple; antennae reaching nearly to the middle of the clypeus, second joint one and one-half the length of the first; legs fairly long, hind femora reaching beyond apex of abdomen, tibiae longer than femora, tarsi shorter than tibia, first tarsus longer than the other two together. Tegmina reaching to apex of abdomen. Opening of pygofer about as long as broad, round ; anal segment with two short, thick spines far apart, genital styles medium size, flat., trun- cate at apex where they are broadest; aedeagus small, laterally com- pressed, comparatively short and broad, a row of eight teeth along the dorso-apical portion slightly on right side and another on the apico- ventral area slightly on the left side, functional orifice at apex. Black or dark brown; antennae, carinae of head and thorax, meta- thorax, anal segment, trochanters, base and apex of tibiae and femora lighter brown or yellow. Tegmina hyaline, fuscous at apex of clavus and expanding in an irregular manner as a faint mark across the corium to costa, the darkest markings being at apex of clavus, near the base and at the apex of the costal cell; veins the same color as the mem- brane, granules minute with black hairs. Female. Brachypterous ; length 2.6 mm.; tegmen 2.0 mm. In color- ation similar to the male. Habitat. Olinda, Maui, 4200 feet elevation {Giffard and Fullawaij, Maj 1918) on Coprosma montana. Described from eighteen males and twenty-three females. As is the case in many of these insects there is a considerable range of colora- tion. It follows the line of the extension of the yellow areas on the head and thorax and of the reduction of the fuscous in the tegmen. Some specimens, especially the females, are very light in color. 1. stenogynicola n. sp. PI. Ill, 5; PI. IV, f. 22. Male. Brachypterous; length 2.5 mm.; tegmen 1.7 mm. Length of vertex equal to the width at base, slightly narrowed towards apex, apex very slightly rounded ; length of face nearly two and one-half times the width (i to 2.4), very slightly narrowed at base, median carina simple, or forked at the extreme base ; antennae not quite reaching to the mid- dle of clypeus, first joint slightly shorter than second (i to 1.3), legs moderately long, hind femora reaching to apex of abdomen, tibiae longer than femora, tarsi slightly shorter than tibiae, first tarsus slightly longer than the other two together. Tegmina reaching to apex of abdomen, apical cells well developed. Opening of pygofer about as wide as long, sides slightly angular, anal spines short, stout, near together but not contiguous at base; genital styles moderately short, flat, broad, truncate at apex, narrowed at middle ; 95 aedeagus tubular, slightly curved, tapering to a point at the apex, orifice near apex on ventral aspect, a row of six spines on right side from a dorsal position near apex to a ventral point about one-third from the base, the apical four are small, the fifth much larger, the basal or sixth spine largest, a similar row^ of spines run across the left side but two of the small spines are very small or missing. Orange buff inclining to raw sienna, blackish between carinae of head and thorax, abdomen darker. Tegmina orange buff a dark mark at apex of clavus extending as a faint, broken, dark mark to near base of costa, costa dark on apical third, subcosta dark, and media and cubitus dark in middle, granules very small with black hairs. Female. Brachypterous ; length 3.5 mm. ; tegmen 2.0 mm. Color similar to male but somewhat lighter over abdomen. Habitat. Olincla, Maui, 4200 feet elevation {Giffard and Fullaway, May 1918) on Stenogyne hamehameli-ae. Described from seven males and three females. This species is very distinct ; it appears to go into the same g-ronp as I. oahuensis (Miiir). I. kokolau n. sp. PI. IV, f. 4 a. b. Male. Brachypterous; length 2.5 mm.; tegmen 1.8 mm.; length of vertex nearly one and one-half times the width (r to 1.4), apex truncate with the median carina projecting, base considerably behind the middle of eye, sides subparallel ; length of face twice the width, slightly narrowed at base beyond which the sides are subparallel, median carina furcate to near apex, near together but distinct ; antennae reaching a little beyond the base of clypeus, first joint one-half the length of second; hind fe- mora not reaching beyond apex of abdomen, tibiae longer than femora, tibiae slightly longer than tarsi, first tarsus slightly longer than other two together; tegmina reaching base of pygofer. Anal spines short with wide bases which do not meet together; genital styles flat, outer margin nearly straight, inner margin emarginate on apical third, apex truncate; aedeagus subtubular on apical half, flat- tened laterally and widened on basal half, orifice on ventral aspect near apex, a few small spines near apex on dorsal aspect and a row of some ten spines from the same area across the right side to near the base, another row of spines from near orifice to near base along a ventro-lateral position on left side. Ochraceous-tawny ; claws, apex of rostrum and spines on legs darker. base of abdomen lighter. Tegmina hyaline, ochraceous-tawny, veins same color as membrane, granules very minute with dark hairs. Female. Brachypterous; length 2.5 mm.; tegmen 1.8 mm. In colora- tion similar to the male. Habitat. Eidge south of lao Valley, West Maui {Bridwell, 96 September 1918) on Campyloilieca sp. Kokolau is the generic name by which the Hawaiians know the species of Campylo- tlieca. Described from one male and two females. I place this species in the cyrtandrae gTonp. I. curvata n. sp. PI. IV, ff. 1, 3. Male. Brachypterous; length 2.9 mm.; tegmen 2.1 mm. Length of vertex 1.6 times the width, sides parallel, apex slightly rounded, base well behind middle of eye (one-third from back of eye) ; length of face 2.6 times the width, slightly narrowed between eyes, sides slightly curved, median carina simple with the extreme base slightly thickened; antennae reaching beyond the middle of clypeus, second joint 1.5 times the length of the first ; hind femora extending slightly beyond apex of abdomen, tibiae considerably longer than femora and considerably longer than tarsi, first tarsus longer than other two together; tegmina reaching to the base of pygofer. Opening of pygofer round, dorsal emargination large, genital styles widened on basal half on inner margin and again slightly ab6ut one-third from apex, outer margin slightly concave, apex truncate, spines on anal segment long, slender and curved, their bases not near together, aedeagus shaped somewhat like a bishop's crosier with crook at the apex. Buff-yellow, antennae brown, slightly fuscous between carinae of face and over the carinae of throax, tegulae and a spot on mesopleura brown. Tegmina buff-yellow with a brown mark at apex of clavus and another at apex of costal cell, veins the same color as the membrane with very minute dark granules bearing dark hairs. Habitat. Lupe ditch, Maui, 1200 feet elevation {Giffard and Fullaway, May 1918) on Cyrtandra sp. Described from one male. The genitalia of this specimen is not in the best condition but it is quite distinct enough to warrant a descrip- tion and name, as it is so very distinct from any other species described. For the present I place it near I. blacl-humi (Muir). I. acuta n. sp. PI. IV, ff. 9, 11. Male. Brachypterous; length 2.5 mm.; tegmen 1.6 mm. Vertex nearly as broad as long (i to .9), apex slightly rounded, base at middle of eye, length of face nearly three times the width, slightly widest on apical half, median carina simple; Antennae reaching to middle of clypeus, second joint 1.4 times the length of first; hind femora not reaching beyond apex of abdomen, tibiae much longer than femora and than tarsi, first hind tarsus slightly longer than the other two together; tegmina reaching to base of eighth abdominal segment. Opening of pygofer about as long as broad, dorsal emargination en- closing about half the anal segment, anal angles of pygofer not pro- duced; anal segment with two short, stout spines; genital styles reaching nearly to the anal segment, flat, narrowest at middle, apex truncate, inner angle sharp, outer angle rounded ; aedeagus tubular, straight, apex produced into an acute point, orifice on ventral aspect near apex, four spines on each side about one-third from apex, the more ventral ones tlie larger. Pale orange yellow inclining to green ; fuscous between carinae of Tiead and thorax, apex of rostrum and claws of feet brown, slightly fuscous on dorsal aspect of abdomen. Tegmina pale orange yellow in- clining to green in some specimens, a brown mark at apex of clavus and a small lighter mark at apex of costal cell, the dark mark at apex of clavus continuing as a faint infuscation across the tegmen to the base of costa, veins same color as membrane, no granules but a few fine, black hairs on veins. Female. Brachypterous ; length 2.7 mm.; tegmen 1.8 mm. The dark mark on tegmina not so pronounced as in the male. Habifaf. Eidge south of lao Valley, West ^Mani (llrtdircll. September 1st, 1918) on Cyrtandra mauiensis. Describerl fi-oiii three males and three females. This species apears to be nearest to /. oshorni but it i- vcrv distinct. I. waikamoiensis n. sp. PI. Ill, ff. 1, 8. Male. Brachypterous; length 3 mm.; tegmen 1.7 mm. Vertex longer than broad (i to 1.4). base of vertex at middle of eye, apex very slightly rounded and very slightly narrower than base ; length of face 2.5 times the width, sides slighth- curved, slightly widened on apical half, median carina simple, slightly thickened on basal third or very narrowly and indistinctly furcate there; antennae reaching beyond the middle of cly- peus, first joint slightly shorter than second (i to 1.3); legs long, hind femora longer than tarsi, first tarsus longer than other two together; tegmina reaching to base of p.vgofer. Pygofer round, opening wider than long, dorsal emargination deep, nearly surrounding the anal segment, anal angles produced into a bluntly curved point ; anal segment without spines ; genital styles reaching nearly to anal segment ; widest at base and apical third, apex pointed : the armature on phragma forming a long, narrow process standing U]) from the phragma, the dorsal edge being slightly emarginate where the aedea- gus passes over it, the ventral edge rounded, the entire surface sha- greened ; aedeagus long, semitubular, curved, orifice at apex on dorsal aspect, a row of teeth on each side, that on the left being more dorsad than the right, slightly curved, the teeth slightly longer and their bases joined together forming a narrow flange. 98 Light orange yellow ; between the carinae of face, third tarsi and claws, the medio-lateral portions of the abdominal tergites, pygofer and stvles slightly blackish. Tegtnina darker orange yellow, a black mark at apex of clavus, slightly fuscous across the middle of tegmina in which areas the veins are slightly darkened, a faint mark at apex of costal cell, granules minute with black hairs. Female. Brachypterous ; length 3.3 mm.; tegmen 1.9 mm. Tegmina reacliing to base of seventh tergite. In color similar to male but slightly ligiuer, the mark between carinae of face lieing faint or absent. IfahHaf. AVaikainoi gulch. East Maui, 4000 feet eleva- tion, and Pnohaokanioa, East Mani. Described from fonr males, three females and nvmphs taken on Cijaiica (iciilcnfi- flovn. one male and one female- on Cyauea sp. and one male and one female on Piptunis sp. {Rock, August 1918). The young are orange yellow with dark claws, mitil the hist stages when darker markings betAveen carinae of face and on The tegmina begin to a])pear. This species comes into tlic same group as /. ivailupensh (^Inir) but it is quite distinct. I. pulla n. sp. PI. Ill, f. 6; PI. IV, f. 17. Male. FJrachypterous ; lengtli 1.6 mm.; tegmen .9 nun. Vertex wider than long (i to .6), apex slightly rounded, sides parallel, base well before middle of ej-e (two-thirds from hind margin of eye) ; length of face 2.2 times the width, sides moderately curved, median carina furcate from near apex; antennae reaching beyond base of clypeus. first joint half the length of second; hind femora not projecting beyond apex of abdomen, tibiae slightly longer than tarsi, first tarsus equal to the other two togeth- er; tegmina reaching to the middle of sixth segment. Opening of pygofer a little wider than long, round ; anal segment witli two large spines near together at base; genital styles reaching nearly to anal segment, fiat, widest at the base, narrowed about the middle, apex truncate ; aedeagus strongly curved, base broad and laterally flattened, apex rounded, orifice on dorsal aspect near apex, four strong- spines on right side on apical lialf, one on dorsal a.spcct near apex and four on left side. Dark brown or nearly lilack, legs and base of abdomen lighter; teg- mina brown, veins same color as membrane ; no granules but some fine l)lack liairs on veins also along apical margin Ihih'ihil. :\[<)unt Eeke, West :\lani, HOOO feet elevation ( L'dcl,-. Augnst) on A 1 t/i/io.ri pliimn sp. Desei'ilx'd from one male 1 ])lacc this speeios near /. iiirouniiodd. 99 I. mauiensis n. sp. PI. Ill, f. 10; PL IV, f. 5. Male. Brachypterous ; length 2.2 mm.; tegmen T.4 mm. Vertex slight- ly longer than wide, apex bluntly conical, length of face 1.8 times the width in middle, sides slightly arcuate, median carina simple ; antennae reaching to base of clypeus, first joint about one-half the length of second (I to 1.8); hind tibiae longer than tarsi, first tarsus equal to ihc other two together; tegmina reaching to near base of pygofer. Cleai" dull green -yellow, old cabinet specimens being much yellower; eyes, claws, spines on legs, teeth on spur, genital stjdes, aedeagus and anal spines brown. Tegmina green-yellow, veins same color as mem- brane, a few minute black hairs iregularly placed mostly alongside the veins. Pygofer and genital styles as in /. raillardiac. the anal spines are not diverging and much nearer together; the aedeagus is long, broad on basal third and subtubular on apical two-thirds, orifice on the ventral aspect of apex, a row of eight broad spines runs along the right side from about the middle to the dorsal aspect of apex, a row of six along the ventral aspect of the apex with two or three small ones on the left side near apex. Female. Brachypterous; length 21 mm.; tegmen i..| mm. In colora- tion similar to male. • Habitat. Wailnku Common, Maui {Giffard and Fiillairaij. May 1918) on Catnpylotheca mauiensis and three .specimens from Lipoechaeta integri folia. Described from sixtvfour males, eighty females and a nund)er of nymphs. This species comes next to 7. iiiroiinnnda (^Inir) from which it differs chieily in the shape of the aedeagns. This was originally described from a single male specimen with a broken aedeagns. I now have one male and five females from near the snmniit of ITaleakala,-Mani {BridireJl, Angnst 1918) on Raillardia menziesii which I consider to be this species. The aedeagns is figured. I. osborni (Muir). PI. IV, f. 6. This was originally described from a single male speci- men with a broken aedeagns. I now have one male and five females from near the snmiiiit of Ilaleakala. ^lani, (Bridii-(dl, August 191S), which 1 ('(^usider to be this s])(H'ies. The aedci;gus is figurecb Length of vertex T.5 times the width, sides subparallel. apex slightly rounded, base about middle of eye ; length of face double the width, 100 sides very slightly curved, median carina simple; antennae reaching slightly beyond base of clypeus, second joint slightly less than twice the length of the face. Tegmina reaching to base of pygofer. I. neocyrtandrae n. sp. PI. HI, f. 9; PI. IV, f. 7. Male. Brachypterous; length 2.7 mm.; tegmen 1.6 mm.; length of vertex equal to width at base, apex slightly narrower, slightly rounded; length of face 2.3 times the width in middle, sides very slightly curved, median carina simple; antennae reaching to middle of clypeus or slightly beyond, second joint 1.3 times the length of first; legs long, first tarsus longer than the other two together; tegmina reaching to the base of seventh segment. Opening of pygofer large, sub-diamond shape, dorsal edge deeply emarginate for the reception of anal segment which is "lipped" and has two short, thick spines on the ventral surface near together and pointing basad; genital styles large, reaching to anal segment, in full viev/ they are narrow, straight and truncate at apex, in later view broad at the base, concave on the outer edge with a wide subangular projection about one-third from the truncate apex; aedeagus long, narrow and produced to an acute apex, orifice near apex on ventral aspect, a row of seven or eight short spines runs from the apex for about one-third of the length on each side, near to the orifice. Sepia or bister; carinae of head, antennae, legs, base and middle of dorsum of abdomen lighter clay color; tegmina light clay color with .'i dark mark at apex of clavus and light fuscous from there to the base of costal cell, veins darker with very minute granules with fine black hairs, the apical margin and the apical veins much lighter. Female. Brachypterous; length 3.2 mm.; tegmen 1.8 mm. In color on the average lighter than the male. Habited. Waikamoi trail, East Maui, 4000 feet elevation (Rod, August 1918) on Gunnera petaloides. Described from thirty-three males and fifty-six females. By the genitalia this species comes near to /. cijrtai>drac, the anal spines are much shorter, the row of spines on the aedeagus not so numerous and do not reach so far basad, the genital styles are narrower and the narrow apical portion much longer. In the series of 89 specimens there is not a great va- riation in color, a few specimen are slightly lighter than the type, more so among the females. The nymphs have the two median frontal carinae and the first joint of antennae very short, as is usual in this genus; the head, tegminal pads and a])ical portion of the abdomen are dark, the rest light. 101 I. mamake n. sp. PI. IV, f. 8. Male. Brachypterous ; length 2.5 mm.; tegmen 1.8 mm.; vertex as long as broad, apex very slightly rounded ; length of face nearly three times the width (i to 2.8), sides subparallel, median carina simple; an- tennae reaching to the middle of clypeus, first joint half the length of the second ; legs long, hind femora reaching well beyond apex of abdo- men, tibia longer than femora, first tarsus longer than the other two together; tegmina reaching to base of pygofer. The opening of pygofer large, slightly angular at sides, dorsal emar- gination large enclosing about two-thirds of anal segment ; anal segment slightly lipped, two large, slender, slightly curved spines near together at base, directed basad and not visible when anal segment at rest ; genital styles large, reaching nearly to anal segment, broad, fiat, apex truncate with corners slightly produced, slightly angled at middle; aedeagus long, thin, subtubular, widest at base where it is slightly flattened later- ally, slightly enlarged before apex which is pointed, orifice on ventral aspect at apex, three spines on the right side, in a dorso-lateral position near apex, over the ventral aspect and left side on the apical half there are some sixteen small spines, several being bunched together slightly basad of the orifice. Black ; antennae, carinae of head, genae beneath transverse carina, carinae and lateral and posterior edges of pronotum, legs, base and mid- dle of abdominal tergites ochraceous tawny. Tegmina ochraceous, veins black except at extreme base and apex and over cross-veins, the black spreading out into the membrane, the apical margin, apical veins and cross-veins white or light ochraceous, granules very minute, sparse and bearing fine black hairs. Female. Brachypterous; length 3.8 mm.; tegmen 2.1 mm. Tegmina reaching to eighth tergite. In color the female is lighter than the male, the light color of the carinae extending further afield. Habitat. Waikamoi gulch, East Maui, 4000 feet elevation (Rock, August 1918) on Pipturus species (native generic name MamaJi-e). Described from nineteen males and fifteen females. The half grown nymphs have two median carinae. and the basal joint of antennae is annular; their color is ochraceous with blackish markings between the carinae of head and thorax, and over the middle of tegminal and wing pads. Tbis species is quite distinct bj the genitalia, it comes into ■the same group as /. oahuensis (Muir). 102 I. raillardiicola n. sp. PI. IV, f. 14. Male. Brachypterous ; length 2.4 mm.; legmen 1.5 mm.; vertex as broad as long, slightly widened at apex where it is slightly rounded, base at middle of eye; length of face 1.9 times the width, median carina simple but broadened and indistinct at the base; antennae reaching slight- ly beyond base of clypeus. first joint half the length of second; hind femora reaching to the apex of abdomen, femora longer than tarsi, first tarsus equal to the other two together; tegmina reaching to end of abdomen. Opening of pygofer a little l)roader than long, dorsal emargination large, embracing half the anal segment ; spines on anal segment large, broad at base, diverging; genital styles near to those of /. tetramalopii with the angulation on the inner edge more pronounced, aedeagus flattened laterally, apex bluntly pointed, orifice near apex towards the left side, a row of fine spines along- the dorsal aspect inclining to the right side, another row of some six spines on ventral aspect with three spines on the right side at the distal end of the ventral row, and two or three small spines on the left at the distal end of the dorsal row. Head and thorax black or very dark brown, antennae, clypeus and carinae lighter, coxae and abdomen dark, legs, base of abdomen and anal segment lighter. Tegmina hyaUne, light ochraceous, a brown mark from apex of clavus over the middle of tegmen to near base of media, another small mark at apex of costal cell, veins concolorous as mem- brane, no granules but a few very fine black hairs, margins light except at the apex of clavus. The tegmina are slightly raised or humped on the margins of clavus. Female. Brachypterous ; length 2.j mm. ; tegmen 2.0 mm. Tegmina reaching to apex of abdomen. Uniformly ochraceous orange, inclining to brown over the head and thorax. Habitat. Haleakala, Maui, from 7000 to 8000 feet.ok'va- tioii {BndweU, Auonst 1918) on Baillardia incKzlcsil and llail- lardia platypliyllum. The nymphs are ochraceotis oiaiii>e, brownish over the head and thorax. Described from seven males, twenty-one females and three nymphs. Tliere are also five males and six females from the s:iiir' locality collected by Swezey. I. painiu n. sp. PI. IV, f. 16, a. b. c. Male. Brachypterous; length 2.9 mm.; tegmen 1.8 mm.: length of vertex 1.5 times the width, slightly wider at the apex wliich is slight- ly rounded, base slightly behind the middle of eye ; length of face twice the width, sides slightly curved, median carina furcate from near apex, the space between the forks raised so that it appears more as a wide carina than as two ; antennae extending well bevond 1)ase 103 of clj'peus, first joint half the length of second ; hind femora not extending beyond the apex of abdomen, tibia slightly longer tlian tarsi, first tarsus considerably longer than the other two together (I to 1.4); tegmina reaching to base of seventh segment. Opening of pygofer large, about as wide as long, dorsal emargi- nation embracing about one-half of the anal segment, anal segment with two long, straight, slender spines far apart at base ; genital styles flat, narrow, slightly narrowed in middle, apex truncate ; aedeagus slightly flattened laterally, bent in the middle to an angle of about 35 degrees, narrowest at the bend, orifice situated on a latero-dorsal aspect on the right side slightly before apex, a row of small spines on each side from the orifice to near the bend. Light orange yellow, black between carinae of face, clypeus and genae, brownish on sides of pronotum, between carinae of mesonotum, over coxae, pleura and the lateral portions of abdominal tergites and sternites. Tegmina hyaline, light orange yellow, a dark mark at apex of costal cell and another at apex of clavus with a slight infus- cation from the apex of clavus to base of costal cell, veins same color as membrane, no granulations but a few fine lilack hairs. The second male specimen has a darker he:id. the basal joint of the antennae as well as vertex and carinae of face being all dark. Female. Brachypterous ; length 3 mm.; tegmen 1.8 mm. In color much lighter than the male, being nearly uniformly light orange yel- low, infuscate over head and basal joint of antennae. Ua])itat. Ridge south of lao Valley, Maui { lirltJirr}] . September lOlS) on Astelia veratroides (native name jniiiiin). Described from two males and two females. This s])eci('s is near t(^ /. ae.'^Of/inuu'rae (Muir). I. coprosmicola n. sp. PI. IV, f. 18. Male, brachypterous. Width of vertex at base equal to length, apex slightly narrower than base, slightly rounded ; length of face twice the width, narrowest between eyes, median carina forked at extreme base ; antennae recahing to near middle of clypeus. scond joint twice the length of first; tegmina reaching -to base of pygofer; first hind tarsus slightly longer than the other two together. Dark brown or black ; carinae of head, antennae, rostrum, legs, base of abdomen and anal segment yellowish or light brown. Teg- mina hyaline, a dark brown mark at apex of clavus broadening out into a light fuscous band across tegmen from apex of costal cell to near base, being much fainter over the basal portion of costal cell, veins same color as membrane, granules very minute with black hairs. Opening of pygofer deeper than broad, margins entire, dorsal emargination deep with anal segment sunk into the emargination, anal spines large, curved basad, wide apart ; genital styles large some- what like those of blackbumi but w'th the apex more oblique; aedea- 104 gus ligured from riglit side, no spines on left side except along ventral aspect and a bunch of smaller ones near apex. Length 2.2 mm.; tegmen 1.5 mm. Female, brachypterous. Similar in coloi" to the male. Length 2.9 mm.; tegmen 1.8 mm. llahUai. Olaa, 27 iniles, Hawaii (IT. M. G'iffard, An- oiist 1!)18) on Coprosma crnodioides. Described frotn nine 111a K's and ton females and some nymphs which are dark brown with some lighter markings. There is bnt little variation in color in the type series. I. ulehihi n. sp. PI. IV, f. 12. Male, brachypterous. Length of vertex slightly greater than the width, apex slightly rounded, base at middle of eye ; length of face 2,-3 times the width, narrowest between eyes ; • antennae reaching well past the middle of clypeus; first joint shorter than the second (i to 1.4); legs long, first hind tarsus longer than the other two together; tegmen reaching base of eighth segment. Vertex, thorax and abdomen black, face light brown with the carinae and a thin longitudinal line betweei: carinae l)rown, antennae, rostrum and legs brown, metathorax and base of abdomen salmon color. Tegmina hyaline, light brown, a black mark at apex of costal cell, another and larger one at apex of clavus which continues as a lighter mark diagonally to near the base of subcosta, veins at base and apex light brown, in middle fuscous, granules minute with black hairs. EXPLAXATIOX OF Pl.ATE III. Fig. 1 Ilhinnia H'mkamoiensis, pygofor fidl view. Fig. 2 llhurnia coprosmae, pygofer full view. Fig. .'> llhurnia hrldivelli, pygofer full view. Fig. 4 Jlhiiniifi JongipeSy pygofer full view. Fig. .% Jlhiiniid stciiogynicola, ])yg()fer full view. Fig. t; JJhuvnla puUa, pygofer full view. P>ig. 7 Jl/)iinil(i icframalupii, pygofer fidl view. Fig. 8 Jl/)iirnia ivalhmnoiensis, aedeagns, right side. Fig. 0 Ilhiniiia neocyiiandme, genital style. Fig. 1(1 JJburnin maiiieusis, genital stvle. 105 Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV. Plate III. lOG Plate IV. Fig. 1 Ilhumia currata. aedeagus, right side Fig. 2 Kelisia, ciru/rosticola, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 3 Ilhumia curuafa, right genital style. Fig. 4 Ilhurnia I'ol-olau (a.) aedeagus, right side; (1).) right genital style. Fig. 5 Ilhurnia niaulensis, aedeagus, right side. Fig. G Uh Ill-Ilia osJjonii. aedeagus, left side. Fig. 7 J]/)iirnia iicori/rtandiae, aedeagus, left side. Fig. 8 Ilhurnia inainal-c. aedeagus, right side. Fig. 9 Ilhurnia acuta, right genital style. Fig. 10 Ilharnia monticola, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 11 Ilhurnia acuta, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 12 Ilhurnia ulcliilii, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 13 Kelisia sporoholicola, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 14 Ilhurnia raillurdiicola, aedeagus, left side. Fig. 15 Ilhurnia longipes, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 16 Ilhurnia painia (a) aedeagus, end view, (h) right side view; (c) genital style. Fig. 17 Ilhurnia pulla, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 18 Ilhurnia coprosmicola, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 19 Ilhurnia tetramalopii, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 20 Ilhurnia hriclwelli, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 21 Ilhurnia coprosmae, aedeagus, right side. Fig. 22 Ilhurnia stenogynicola, aedeagus, right side. 10' Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV. Plate IV. // J2 13 14 16a. 16b. I6c. ZO n ^=?^ 108 Opening of pygofer about as broad as long, dorsal cmargination large, anal segment sunk well into emargination but not surrounded, anal spines not visible from external view, but are large, touching at base and slightly diverging; genital styles somewhat similar to those of / bridwclli, the projection in the middle of the inner margin more prominent, and a projection on inner edge at base; aedeagus figured from right side, the dorso-median row of spines on the right side continues distad on the left near the dorsal line, otherwise there are no spines on the left side. Length 3.6 mm. ; tegmen 2.2 mm. Female, brachypterous. In color similar to male. Length 4.5 mm. ; tegmen 2.8 mm. Habitat. Olaa, 27 miles, Hawaii (W. M. Giffard,- Jmie 1918) on Smilax sandwicensis, the native name of which is Ulehihi. Described from three males and three females. I. blackburni (Aluir.) Three males and fonr females from Waikamoi gulch, East Maui, 4000 feet elevation (EocA-/ August 1918) on Cyanea liatiuiiatifolia. In color these specimens are similar to some of the specimens from Hawaii, the males having a black or very dark pronotum and mesonotum. The small comb of teeth on the ventral sides of the median orifice is more definite than in the Hawaii specimens. I. wailupensis (Muir.) AJolia irallupcnsis Muir. Proc, Haw. Ent. Soc. Ill, p. 181 (1916). Tlie median facial carinae join together near the apex. This should be placed in Ilhurnia and not Aloha. This neces- sitates giving a new name to Nesosydne luailupemis Muir, for which I propose Ilhurnia neowailupetisis, new name, I. lobeliae (Muir.) One male and two females on Kadua glomerata from Mount Ohuipus, Oahu {Timberlake, September 1918). The large, flat spine on the anal tube has two small spines near the apeX; the type having but one. 109 Miscellaneous Notes on Hymenoptera. With Descriptions of Xew Genera and Species. BY JOHN COLBURX BRIDWELL. 1. Hymenoptekous Lakvae wiTit Falcate Mandibles. ]\[r. C. E. Pembertou in his recent work on the life-histor- ies of the fruit fly parasites has found that the Opiine Braco- nids and the Diapriid Galesus Silvestrii have the first larval stage provided with long falcate mandibles which are used to destroy other larvae in the same host. He has also in unpub- lished studies on the life-history of the parasite of the Lan- tana Agromyzid described in another paper in this issue as Opius lantanae found the same type of first stage larva. Oglo- bin found the same type of larva in the Coccinellid Braconid Dinacampus terminatus (JSTees). I have found the same type in the Bruchid parasite HeterospiJus prosopidis Crawford and Graenicher has found a similar larva in some of the parasitic bees. On the other hand Pembertou and Willard in studies of the external parasite of lepidopterous larvae here described as Micvohracon Pembertoni have found an entirely different type of first instar larva. The first stage larva of Aphycus. Peri- lampus, Tetrasticlius. ScuteUista, and many other Chalcidoid parasites are very different. What then is the significance of the falcate mandibles ? Are they phylogenetic in significance or adaptive '^ The latter seems to be the case and we may perhaps safely generalize in this way. Cetain species of parasitic Hymenoptera where the prey or host is concealed and successive parasitization is prob- able have independently developed the long falcate mandibles which give a means for one larva to destroy the other At any rate in the cases studied one larva alone reaches maturity and in the case of some at least in which the mandibles are not so developed more than one parasite can reach maturity upon a single host. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i, June, 1919. 110 ICHNEUMONIDAE. 2. XoTEs OX SoiiE Species of EciiTiiKOMOiiPirA ix tke Coe- LECTIOX OF THE HAWAIIAN SuGAE PlAXTERS' ASSOCIATIOX. Echthromorpha maxima Krieger. 1 ? Firoe, Ceram. (F. Miiir.) Length 27 mm. ; antennae 22 mm. ; wing 23 mm. ; ovipo>-i- tor 14 mm.; alxnit as long as the alxlomen. In the hmg ovipositor, short face and mahir space and the somewhat hnniped first tergite, this species approaelies the genns (Jlypfof/aslra A8hmea(h Echthromorpha notulatoria (Fabricius) 1 ci Loo Fon Clian, China. (F. Mnir.) Echthromorpha insidiator (Smith). 1 ? Amboina. (F. .Mnir. ) Echthromorpha immaculata Krieger 1908. Er]ii]tro)nurp]ui dirersor Morlej 1913. 19 4^ Eewa, Viti Levu, Fiji Islands. ( F. .Mnir. ) The 9 has not lieen previonsly described. Length 13 mm.; wing 11 mm.; alidomen 8 nnn. ; ovipositor 4 mm. Antennae 32 jointed, about as long as the body, fourth joint not quite as long as the fifth and sixth together, remaining joints successive! }■ shorter to the penultimate, which is a little longer than broad, ultimate joint a little longer. Head yellow, somewhat suffused with reddish, eyes (lark, front and occiput blackish, scape yellow, antennae reddish. Head somewhat shining .with a few uneven and irregular shallow punctures Protliorax and mesonotum largely reddish, varied with yellow, a broad longitudinal median band on the mesonotum sufifused with black, meso- pleura and mesosternum, sides of propodeum and a suffused median lon- gitudinal band on its declivity black; elevation beneath the wings, disc of scutellum and metanotum, suffused area on either side the apex of the propodeum yellow with more or less reddish surrounding. Mesonotum dullish with shallow oblique punctures more or less disposed in median and parapsidal groups, mesopleurae above smooth and shining, below and Ill in front somewhat coarsely punctured on a shining ground, propodeum somewhat punctured and transversely striate above the stigmata. Abdomen with tergites 2-4 black, remainder reddish, a yellow spot on either side the apex of the first tergite ; tergum smooth and highly pol- ished with some scattered punctures, somewhat more punctate laterally. Legs j-ellowish, hind and middle tibiae more or less reddish. Wings yellowish hyaline, the nervures brown. ]\rr. Timberlake who lias checked over the description of E. iiinnaciilata and E. divcrsor agrees in synonymizing Mor- ley's species. Echthromorpha fuscator (Fabricius). While on the subject of Echthromorpha it may be noted that after diligent efforts to find females corresponding to the S described by Cameron as flavo-orhitalis I have never taken or seen a female ^vith yellow orbits. Males with the charac- ters of flaro-orJjlfdlis Cameron are not nncommon amono; the smaller individuals. I am convinced that flavo-ovhiialis is only a veak color variety of fuscator {Diacidipcnnis Holm- gren) connected b}^ intermediates with the larger normal form. The species is abundant at all elevations in the Hawaiian Isl- ands, attacking numerous species of endemic and immigrant lepidoptera. 3. Glyptogastra Ashmead. It is curious that Echthromorpha fuscator (Fabr.) should be so common and adaptable to various endemic and immi- grant hosts while its allies in Glyptogastra remain rare. Glyptogastra Ashmeadi Perkins. Has only been taken in the Ivoolau Range of Oahu at elevations of 1500-1800 feet and always singly. Probably not more than a dozen specimens at the outside have ever been taken but they may be more common than seems, for in tliglit they very much resemble the omnipresent Echthromorpha. TIk- 9 has never been described. It resembles the $ . The mouth i)arts. edge of clypeus antennae, legs from the trochanters on suffused edges of the tergites and two or three ultimate tergites red- dish, rest of bodv bronze, wings duskv iivaline. 112 Length II mm.; wings 9 mm.; abdomen 7 mm.: ovipositor | nnn. Antennae about a.s long as the body. Glyptogastra hawaiiensis Ashmead. A single $ specimen of Glyptogastra taken on the foliage of Acacia l-oa at Olinda, Mani, was at first snpposed to repre- sent a new species bnt having only 5 of Glyptogastra hawaii- ensis Ashmead for comparison the question remained unsettled. Another specimen in the Bishop museum from Maui is some- what intermediate in the supposed differentiating characters. I believe the species has not previously been reported as occur- ring on Maui. Since writing the note above the examination of three $ Glyptogastra hawaiiensis taken by Mr. W, M. Giffard, one from lao A^alley, Maui, March 6, 1909, and two from Kilauca. Hawaii, 1911 and 1912, make the reference of the Maui speci- mens to this species certain. The single $• known to be in the collections in the Islands is in the collection of tlie Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association and was taken \)\ the late F. AV. Terrv in the koa forest at Kilauea, Hawaii, -Tune •», lOO,",. The more metallic coloration of Ashmeadi with the reddish l)ands of the abdomen make it easily distinguishable from Iiairaiiensis. 4. A:mbl ytei.es Koebelei (Swezey). I had always supposed that Ichneumons parasitized the pu- pae of lepidoptera but an observation made June 10, 1918. upon this species showed a different procedure. While coming down near the base of one of the ridges of the Waianae ]\roini- tains above Waipahu, Oahu, at about 3 p. m., a large, full-fed cutworm was observed in violent contortions on the ground. T^pou examination it was foimd that it was being attacked bv a large ichnenmon which was stinging it in various places. Tt 113 was so intent upon this that it permitted me to pick it np hy the wings and it held its grip so strongly that the cutwonii was lifted with it. Both were placed in a tube and this plugged with cotton hut unfortunately both ichneumon and cutworm escaped through the cotton plug which had been made too loose to retain them. Mr. Swezey informs me that this must be the normal method of attack for this species since the cutworms from the pupae of which it has been bred are usually subterranean. The cutworms emerge from shelter in the late aftei'uooii ])rc- paratory to feeding and it is at this time which the Amhl i/fcles has been observed most active on the wing. Mr. Timberlake, who has examined this species, ])laces it in Amhlyteles. It was described as an Ichneumon. BRACONIDAE. 5. Hawaiian Vipionixe (formerly Braconixe) Bracoxidae. 1. Second abscis.sa of radius shorter than the 1st transverse cubitus, propodeum and abdomen neither entirely smooth nor distinctly sculptured, being microc^opi- call}^ shagreened, coloration exceedingly varialde, sometimes entirely reddish yellow, except the eyes and antennae, thorax and abdomen usually largely l)lack; 9 antennae 14-15 jointed, rather short iiiul stout, ovipositor shorter than abdomen ; a couuaon parasite of Ephcstla clutcUa. etc. "Hahrohracoi hebctor (Say) Second abscissa of radius longer than the 1st transverse cubitus, 2 antennae more than 14 jointed^ slender... 2 * I have seen a single specimen, possibly another species, in which the antennae are 12 jointed, the thorax and abdomen black and there are black markings on the head. 114 '1. llciul, thorax, and ahdunien hiii-lily polished and shin- ing-, bhick, abdomen and legs in part yellowish, ovi- positor abont as long as head, thorax and abdomen together, a jiarasite of Tephntis in Bidens Microhracon Terry i Bridwell Head and thorax not entirely blaek, ovipositor elon- gate in only one ])i'edoininently red s])eeies 3 V>. J*i-edoniinently red, thorax highly polished and shining, abdomen rngidose, ovipositor abont as long as abdo- men and thorax Microhracon Pemherton't n. s]>. Ovipositor not longer than abdomen; if predominently reddish, the ]»ro])odenm rugnlose .-. -t 4. Thorax blaek exee])t the ])arapsidal marks, these with radiating silvery hairs on their margins; abdomen smooth with eopions silvery hairs Microhracon o»iiodiroruni (Terry) Head, thorax and abdomen ])redominently reddish yel- low, abdomen rngnlose with only a few feeble hairs --- - - Microhincoii Sirezcyi n. sp. .Vll the species are inniiigrants into the Hawaiian Islands. Microbracon Terryi Bridwell. Described in a .snbsecpient ]ia])er in this nmnber. Microbracon omiodivorum (Terry). MacrodtjcfiiDii oiniodi roruin Terry. Ex])t. Sta. llawn. Sngar Planters' Assoc. Div. Ent. B\\]\. r):;5T 9 S Hawaii 1907. Bracon onuodiroram Perkins. Fanna Hawaiicnsis 1 :cxi. li)lo. The material stndied by Terry is ])resent in the collection of the Hawaiian Sngar Planters' Association. It consists of 14 9 9 and 14 $ $ taken from 1905 to 1907 and inclndes individuals from Hawaii, INIani, Oahn and Kanai. These have 115 hccii labelled as Cotypes. There are also in this collection two individuals taken by Mr. Terry at Hong Kong. Mr. Swezey has pnhlished the opinion that this species was introduced into the Islands from Japan by Mr. Koebele and has recorded it as i)reedinu' npon Nacoleia accopta (Bntler), N. Blackburni (Bnt- ler), /Ii/Diriiia recurralls (Fabricius) and Archips postritianu.s (Walker), all leaf rolling Lejiidoptera. Microbracon Pembertoni n. sp. Bracoii sp. Swezey. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. 3 :109. (Last entry so headed). 1915. $ . Red ; tips of mandibles, palpi more or less, antennae, eyes, ocelli, propodeum more or less (often only very slightly, at the inser- tion of the abdomen), ovipositor sheaths, tarsi and apex of hind femora more or less, black or blackish. Wings fuscous subhyaline, nervures the same except that the costa basally is reddish and the stigma is yellow. Head and thorax highly polished and shining: the tergites rugu- lose, the connate second and third tergites more coarsely so. Suture of tlie second and third tergites crenulate ; suture between the third and fourth (free) tergites smooth, a sulcus there but indefinite behind. Antennae about 40-jointed, about as long as the body, ovipositor about three-fourths as long as the head, thorax, and abdomen together. Length about 4 mm. ; wings 5 mm. ; ovipositor 3 mm. ^ . Similar to the female but smaller. Described from 24 5 ? and •22 S S collected or bred on tlie island of Oahn, the earliest record being in April, 1014. Type 9 and allotype S in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, paratypes in the F. S. iSTational ^Iii- senm, in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Asso- ciation and in the private collections of P. H. Timherlake and of the author. It has been bred froui berries of Laiifdiui rtniiard. ]>rob- ably from the larva of (' roc'idoKcma hinfanae by O. H. Swezey and J. (\ Bridwell, from Peetinophora f/ofis;yple]1a by T). T. Fullaway, C. E. Pemberton, and IT. F. AVillard, and froui M yclo'is. ccratoniae and CryptopliJehia illepida the former in ]»ods of Acacia farnesmna, the latter in the s^me and in the ])ods of Acacia l-na (J. C. Bridwell). The species is named for C. E. Pemberton, whose studies of the biology of the parasites of friiitflies have been of unusual interest. He began studies of the life history of this species nhich have been continued by H. F. Willard. To Mr. Willard I am indebted for a series of specimens of this species bred from Pectinophora gossi/picUa in the course of his studies ujion the species. Since writing the des('ri])ti()n al)Ove ^Ir. Willard has -hown me specimens used in refrigerator experinients in whirli the mesosternum is largely black. Microbracon Swezeyi, n. sp. Bracon sp. and Bracon sp. ? Swezey. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soe. 3:109. 1915. 2 . Yellow, tips of mandibles, edges, ocelli, antennae, ovipositor sheaths, ungues and apex of last tarsal joint black or blackish, head more or less piceous, propodeum and ist and 2nd tergites suffused with fuscous sometimes pale, wings grayish hj-aline, the nervures col- orless, verj' translucent, the second transverse cubital nervure obso- lescent. Head and thorax highly polished, smooth and shining; propodeum reticulorugose, the spaces round but hardly punctiform, a crenulate line down its middle; abdomen rugulose, tergites 1-3 longitudinally, the following transversely and more finely rugulose ; furrow between the first and second tergites smooth narrowly interrupted in the mid- dle; furrow between the connate second and third tergites crenulate, tergites 4, 5 and 6 contracted at base, hardly furrowed. Antennae about 36-jointed. not as long as the head, thorax and abdomen together; ovipositor short, not more than half the length of the abdomen. Length 3.5 mm. ; wing 3 mm. ; ovipositor .75 mm. These are the measurements of the type. The other 9 9 arc considerably smaller. $ Similar, the abdomen very slender. Described from 1 9 (the type) bred by O. H. Swezey from Badi-a straminea (Butler), Jan. 7, 1913, 4 ? and 3 S bred from Batracliedra cuniculator Busck May 4, 1914, Lepi- doptera M'hose larvae feed in the brackish-marsh sedges in the Kewalo district of Honolulu. T have also 1 $ taken at Wai- kiki in 1917, and (i 9 and 2 S taken in the marshes there :May 30, 1919 (Pridwell). 117 Type $ and allotype $ in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, paratypes in the collection of the Ha- waiian Sngar Planters' Association, in the U. S. National Mnsenm, and in the author's collection. Xamed for Mr. Swezey, who first bred this little species, as he has so many of the immigrant parasites. ALIENIDAE. 6. A Peculiak WixctLess Hy.mexoptkrox FoinEixo the Type of a Xew Genus and Fa:mily. The apterons insect described below is so peculiar that it will not fall into any of the families at pi-esent recognized, and rather than alter the limits of some recognizable family to include this highly anomalous form it has seemed better to erect for it a family of its own Alien idae. Even so it re- mains doubtful in what superfamily this genus should find place. Aeiexus n. gen. Head slightly broader than the thorax and abdomen, quadrate in the dorsal aspect, declivous in front and prolonged into a short snout in front of the large oval facetted eyes which occupy the greater part of the sides of the head. Face concave for the insertion of the an- tennae and coarsely ol^liquely striate. Antennae inserted just in front of the mouth near the mandibles which are small nearly straight and conical without teeth, malar space longer than broad ; mouth cavity small, triangular, margined, anterior to the eyes, no evident gular cavity or suture, ocelli moderate, arranged in an acute triangle, the posterior pair adjacent to the inner orbits and considerably more than their distance apart before the occipital margin, occiput finely margined. Antennae filiform, 13-jointed, strongly geniculate, scape subcylindrical elongate, a little thicker toward the base, flattened on the side next the flagellum, about as long as the pedicel and first three flagellar joints not quite attaining the level of the anterior ocellus, pedicel elongate, half as long as the first flagellar joint, second and following joints successively shorter, the last five each about as long as broad, the last joint about as long as broad and narrower and rounded at ape.x. Pronotimi loosely articulated with the mesonotum, quadrate, mas- sive, truncate in front and slightly arcuately emarginate behind with 118 the lateral angles a little prolonged, a little narrower than the nicsono- tum and ahout as long as the mesonotum and scntellum together; propleura and prosternum loosely articulated with the pronotum ; prosternum small, transverse, bounded laterally and in front by the propleura which meet broadly below, above they are separated l)y a small free cervical sclerite. Mesonotum slightly convex transversely, transverse sliglitly arcuate behind, laterally finely margined, scutellum transverse a little narrower and shorter than the mesonotum and separated from it by a straight simple furrow which does not attain the lateral margins, impressed obliquely at either side at the end of this furrow. Propodeum quadrate, narrower than the pronotum, slightly trans- versely convex in the same plane with tlie mesonotum, separated from it by a shallow furrow, bounded posteriorly by a fine line similar to the transverse striations of its surface, the declivity transversely rounded but exactly vertical as seen from the side. Mesopleura convex depressed beneath the ridge formed by the projecting margin of the mesonotum, a curved foveolate furrow leading up to the posterior margin of the mesonotum from the round pit just above the middle coxae, sides of propodeum concave. Legs rather slender, not at all spinose. all the coxae contiguous, the femora slightly thickened, the anterior and posterior more so than the middle femora, hind trochanters two jointed; front and middle fe- mora about as long as their tibiae, the hind tibiae longer than their femora; calcaria feeble i, 2, i, calcaria of the middle legs unequal, hind calcaria curved, basitarsi slender elongate, a little shorter than their tibiae and about as long as joints 2-5 of the tarsi, all the joints sub-cylindrical, ungues small. Abdomen oval, slightly broader than the mesonotum, convex above and beneath with four visible tergites and sternites; tergites i and 2 subequal, occupying the greater part of the tergum, sternite i emargi- nate behind much smaller tlian 2 which occupies the greater portion of the venter, other sternites and tergites transverse, the tergites and sternites are simple, without depressed margins or other special struct- ures except that tergite i has a feeble imperfect elevated line at the edge of tlie declivity. Type .lliciiiis acniiiiiiaficiis Bridwell. Alienus aenigmaticus n. sp. Sex, indeterminate. Black, the vertex and face with dark bronzy greenish metallic re- flections, pedicel and ist and 2nd flagellar joints and legs, from the coxae on, yellowish testaceous. Concavity of face shining, coarsely transversely striate with the ends of the striae directed downward, above these some striae parallel to the or- bits, vertex smooth and shining finely and sparsely punctate, a shallow depressed space on the vertex behind the ocelli ; pronotum with 119 ■ shallow scattered punctures the integument between microscopi- cally lineolate, shining, mesonotum and scutellum much the same, propodeum finely transversely striatorugulose with a smooth posterior narrow band separating the upper face from the somewhat more dis- tinct transverse striae of the declivity; mesopleura shining with rather coarse scattered punctures, sides of propodeum smooth and shining with some longitudinal striae on the lower part of the con- cavity.' Hind coxae outwardly transversely striate. A1:)domen minutely transversely lineolate with feebly indicated shal- low scattered punctures. Length 3.3 mm. ; width of head .8 nmi. One individual found runnini>, on the lii'oitnd, Mowljvay Golf Links, Capetown, South Africa, April, lUir> (J. (\ Bridwell). Tv]->e in the authm-'s collection. Affinities. The form of the head and insertion of the an- tennae on the extreme anterior margin of the head seem to show alii,nity with the Ceraphronidae but the form of the pro- thorax and the 13 jointed antennae seem to forbid association with them. The form of the head and man(lil)les, the long scape and pedicel, the slender legs and four segmented abdomen forbid association with the Bethylidae, Emboleniidae and Drvi- nidae, the short hind coxae forbid association with the Psammo- charidae. The absence (.f a basal constriction of the abdomen and many other characters forbid association with other faui- ilies of the Scolioi(h'a. On the whole, this insect would seem to fall in the kSerphoidea Imt for the present it seems better to consider it as the niun()ty])ic representative of a family Alieni- dae rather than to nKulifv any of the existing families for its rece]ition. TIPHIIDAE, 7. Ep].m()I)i<>i'tkk<)x Roniand. Scolipliid l.anks Can. Knt. 44:201. ll)li> Epimodiopteron spilota (Banks). Arizona. 1 have seen specimens of this species from the Stanford Tniversitv collection collected bv W. ^f. Mann in Arizona 120 throuiih die kindness of Prof. Vernon Kellogg. I can find no iinpurtant differences between Banks' gemis and Epimodiop- tcruii. 8. Pakatipiiia. It seems very donbtfnl if this genus can be maintained since extra-American species are found which present singly two of the three characters by which the genus is separated from Tiphia. The first abdominal segment may be carinate without the white clypeus of the $ , while the venation is nor- mal for Tiphia, or the venation may Ix' like Paratipliia and the other cliaracters like Tiphiti. EUMENIDAE. 0. WiFAT Is Abispa australIxVxa Mitchell ? The late ^\v. :\[eade Waldo (Ann. :\Iag. Xat. Hist. (8) 14:461, 1914) synonymized Mitchell's genus Ahispa with Polisies, reviving Sanssure's Monerohia for this interesting genus of Australian Eumenidae. That this course should not be followed was my conclusion after examination of jMitchell's work, and the two Hymenoptera involved in the (piestion. ^Mitchell's Journals of 1831-2 were prepared for publica- tion in 1838, seven years after Mv. Mitchell and his friend were stung by the ferocious PoUstes Icpidiis. It is evident that the description was drawn up at the latter date and from this description it is easy to see that the great ex- plorer was far from being familiar with entomological terms. If one compares the description of the insect which he gives with Polisies tepidiis and Smith's Ahispti nustralis it seen)s perfectly clear that, in the s(>ven years interven- ing between his expedition and the publication of his Journals that he had become confused as to the identity of his assailant and described the largest and most ferocious-looking of the wasps he had eolleeted under the influence of this confusion. Since the original descri])tion is not readily accessilde to entouKilogists its re])roduction is desirable. It is found as a 121 footnote on page 104 of volume one of his Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia and reads as follows : Genus, Vespa; subgenus, Abispa; species Ahispa Austral tana (uiihi). Head, antennae, and feet yellow ; eyes black ; the scutellum of pro- thorax yellow ; the scutum of mesothorax black ; with the scutellum yellow ; the scutum of the metathorax yellow, with the scutellum black and the axillae yellow. The wings yellow, with dusky tips. The first segment of abdomen has the petiole black. The second seg- ment is black and the rest yellow. It is clear that the interpreting "the scutellum of the prothorax" as the pronotum, '^scutiim of metathorax" as the metanotum, "'scutellum" of the same as the superior face of the propodeum, and the '"axillae" as the posterior lateral angles of the propodeum and allowing a little inaeuracy in the state- ment that the second abdominal segment is black, we have a reasonably close description of Abispa austral is Smith. It is especially to be noted that Mitchell does not use the name in the text. It seems clear that the stinging insect mentioned in the text is PoJistes tepidus (Fabricius), but it seems equally clear that the insect described in the footnote is Abispa australis Smith and that accordingly we must retain the name A/) is pa for tlie genus of Australian Eumenid wasps in preference to Saussure's Monerobia. In Delia Torre's Catalogue an error has crept in in citing Abispa cphippium Mitchell. There is no such combination to be found in the work indicated. Smith has given the same erroneous reference. Both are doubtless based on Saussure's supposition that austraUana is identical with ephippium. There is, however, no reason to supj^ose this is the case. The syuouymy then may read : Abispa Mitchell 1838. = (Monerobia Saussure) 1852. ^Polistes Meade Waldo) 1911 uec Latreille. Ty])e Tf'spa (A/jispa) nnsfraliana .A[itchell 1838. Mono- l)asic. 122 Abispa australiana .Mitchell 1838. ^^{Abispa australis Smith). Cat. Hyin. Brit. Mns. 5:42. 1857. lliese notes were based upon material kindly placed at my disposal for stndy in the Qneensland Mnsoum in 1915. 10. Xksodv.xkkts IviDoLi'iii ( 1 )alla Torre). On one of the enter ridges of the Waianae Monntains at iui elevation of abont a thonsand feet are some exposed bonl- ders. On a i)rotected side of one of these, beneath which a projection made a snitable place for them were fonnd on Jnne 15, 1918, some mnd nests of Sceliphron crmciitarius. some of the cells having in them pnpae or tenerons adnlts. From others they had emerged and these were being ntilized by Odyneri for their nesting places. One female Nesodij)ienis Rudolph i was laken within one of the cells, while others contained lepidopter- ons larvae bronght there by the wasps. Two contained Ody- iicrus larvae, one fnll fed and in the t)ther were caterpilhirs as well. One contained a single egg, elliptical in ontline abont twice as long as broad and snspended by a thread not (piite as long as the egg itself. These were bronght in for stndy. Tlie caterpillars nsed for larval food were all those of Aniorhin emigmtcUa Bnsck which I fonnd later feeding be- neath a web on the flower shoots of Dracaena. The ninnber employed conld not well be made ont on acconnt of the break- age of the cells when they were removed from the rock. ])rob- ably six or eight, however, were reqnired for a single cell. Each cell of the Scelipliron was divided by an earthen ])arti- tion and served for two cells of the Odyncriis. The larva which was still feeding, dnring the day and night since being bronght in, had eaten all it cared for of two cater- pillars. It sinks its head into the body of the caterpillars in front of the prologs and feeds voracionsly like a caterpillai- n])on the substance of the caterpillar within the skin, its man- (libles Ix'ing in constant motion. Two of these larvae were (•om])lef('ly devoured and the third was half eaten. 123 The caterpillars were all in a living condition and moved slightly at their extremities when distnrbed, bnt were incapable of locomotion. The e^g was fomid at abont two o'clock Jnne 15, 1918, and hatched Jnne 18, bnt the larva died withont feeding. 11. Odyxerus PSErDOCHROMUS Perkins. The nests of this species are made in the pith cavities of dead twigs and branches, the cells being separated by weak nmd ])a]'titions. I'snally from one to three cells are to be fonnd in a place. One nest fonnd on ^It. Lanihnli was stored with the larvae of the Ohia Tortrieid {Eccopfocera foefoivor- ans Bntler). There were abont a dozen of the larvae in one cell. The egg was near the bottom of the mass of larvae and was attached by a thread shorter than the egg. TRYPOXYLONIDAE. 12. Pisox IX THE Hawaiiax Islaxds. The following table will serve to distingiiish the tliree s])e- cies of Pison which are now known to be established in tlu' Hawaiian Islands: 1. First and second recnrrent nervnres interstitial wirli the 1st and 2nd transverse cnbital nervnres... iridipcnnis Smith Second recnrrent received by the second cnbital cell 2 2. First recnrrent interstitial with 1st transverse cnbitns calcaria of hind tibiae pale argenidtuni Smith First recnrrent received by the. first cnbital cell. Cal- caria of hind tibiae dark ..liospcs Perkins HYLAEIDAE. 13. So:me SE<;Ki-:(iATEs from IIylaeus. The ])rocesses of type-fixation now nnder way involve a nnndier of changes in nomenclatnre which are not greatly wel- comed by many of ns whose tendencies are conservative and in many cases tyjie fixation resnlts in obvions violation of the 124 wishes of the author of the genus. This has been the result particularly with the work of Fabricius where his carelessness in the inclusion of extraneous forms has resulted in such extraneous forms being made types of his genera. Such a case is that of Prosopis and Hylaeus. The type fixation here has not been recent but it has been disregarded until recently and the change of names so forced upon ns is far from pleas- ant. ]jut it seems to me that instead of grieving over our Avounds and delaying the acceptance of necessary changes we should hasten the process of type fixation and be done with the whole unpleasant business. Recent investigations on my part of the status of several of the older names in the bees has thor- oughly convinced me that no possible stability in nomenclature can be secured without a thoroughgoing acceptance of the prin- ciple of a single type for every genus and family. Such re- searches are entirely out of the reach of most of us who have not free and continuous access to the larger entomological libraiies, and it is to be hoped that those who have such op])or- tunity will hasten the completion of tliis work. More than this, it seems to me that the next revision of our nomenclator- ial code should further clarify our rules regarding type fixation and an important addition made which wonld refuse to recogniize any subsequently formed genera for which no type is established upon publication. Hylaeus Fabricius, whatever the original intention of the author, (as has been recently called to our attention by Morice and Durrant) was fixed as the proper name for the bees which all more recent authors have called Frosopis when Latreille in 1S02 fixed Apis annulata Linne as its type. Whether we accept the Ehiugen list or not, the type of Prosopis 'Murine" of that list (1801) is congeneric with the type of Hylaeus and that of Prosopis Fabricius (1804) is identical witli that of Hylaeus. There is no escape then from sinking Prosopis and reviving Hyhu'us even if Fabricius, as nearly as he ever came to recog- nizing geno^ra, wished to make Hylaeus^Halicfus and to give tlic name Prosopis to the bees so long known under that name. 125 IIoAvever, befoi-c we transfer en masse the heterogeneous species described nnder Prosopis to Hylaeus it will be well to segregate some of the species into proper genera. The following table will serve to distinguish some genera, described species of most of which have been placed in Prosopis. This work of segregation is far from complete. Certainly most of the Australian species described as Prosopis Avill not fall in any properly defined genus Hylaeus. l^either material at hand nor time permits an investigation of all the genera which should fall into the Tlylaeidae. TABLE OF SOME GENERA OF HYLAEIDAE. 1. Mandibles flattened at apex or tridentate or bidentate in both sexes 2 Mandibles acute at apex, edentate, elongate, nearly straight. })ropodeum rugose, angnlate at the sides and subcarinate, the triangular basal area well defined with its sculpture different from the rest of the propodeum, first recurrent nervure received by the first culutal cell or interstitial, the second interstitial with the second transverse cubitus or received beyond it, supra- clypeal area short, bounded by lateral cariuae. Face broad, usually broader than long, clypeus trapezoidal, about as high as broad at its anterior margin, labrum triangiilar, $ Stipes greatly produced apically into a slender process nearly as far beyond the apices of the sagittae as their length, eighth sternite with a short rounded median process. Coloration. Thorax black, frequently with yellow and fer- ruginous markings, legs and first segment of the abdomen usually more or less ferruginous N othylaeus n. gen. 2. Mandibles bidentate at apex 4 ^fandibles tridentate at apex certain Australian "Prosopis" Mandibles flattened at apex, not toothed o 3. Mandibles not channelled, truncate at the apex, supra- clypeal area not angnlate between the bases of the 126 antennae (evenly romided down to the sockets). Gnathoprosopis Perkins Mandibles eliannelled outwardly as in Hi/hieiis. rounded at i\]wx, sides of supraclypeal area ridg-ed or angulate between the antennae (juathijlaeiis n. gen. 4. Scutellum and metanotuni normal Hylaeus, etc. Scutelluni and metanotuni produced posteriorly on either side into a lateral laminate tooth or spine, superior face of propodeum areolate, separated from the posterior face by a carina, posterior face divided by- a longitudinal carina, angu- late and subcarinate at the sides, su]>raclypeal area narrowed above margined, clypeus higher than broad at apex, tirst and second cubital cells receiving the recurrent nervures near their apices. $ A])ical narrow portion of stipes with black hairs, but little longer than the basal part, slightly exceeding the sagittae, eighth sternite produced into a rounded lamina as long as wide as its base, carinate medially. Coloration black with yellow markings on the collar and in the $ upon the head and legs.. Mrtylainis n. gen. 14. X OTIIVLAKT This genus so far is Ethiopian in its distribution. Several species previously described as species of Prosopis are referable here and three species from West Africa are here described, one of them so peculiar as to warrant the erection of a subgenus for its reception. Type Prosopis lirrnldica Smith. Nothylaeus heraldicus (Smith). Pjosopls Iteraldica Smith. Cat. llym. I>i'it. ^Nfus. 1 :;»,"> 5 Co])e of Good Hope 1858. This species was taken in nund)ers visiting the flowers of various species of Aloe in the botanical garden in Ca]>etown. 127 Nothylaeus rufipedioides (Strand). J'i(js<)j)l.s rnbriphigkda nip'pedioides Strand. Wiener Ent. Zeitscli. ;}0:i;55 6 Cape Ang. 1911. Prosopis Junodl Friese Arehiv. Natnrges. 77:1-51. Transvaal. 1911. .V few specimens of this species were taken with the pre- vious species. Nothylaeus Braunsi (Alfken). Prosopis Braunsi Aiken Zcitschr. fr. Syst. Ilvni. Dipt. 5:147, Cape Colony 1905. Aly thanks are dne to Dr. T^. Peringney of the Sontli Afri- can ]Mnsenni for a male of this species, taken by Dr. Branns at Willowniore. The following species which I have not seen are, from the descriptions, ai^parently referable here : Nothylaeus rubrifaciaiis (Strand). Prosopis rubrifaciaiis Strand Societas Entoniologica 27:20 $ Togoland. Feb. 1912. Nothylaeus sansibaricus (Strand.) ■ Prosopis saihsiharica Strand. loc. cit. 30 $ Zanzibar. "Slch. 1912. Nothylaeus nyassanus (Strand). Prosopis nyassana Strand. loc. cit. 33 9 L. Xyassa. Mch. 1912. Nothylaeus binotatus (Alfken). Prosopis hinotata. Alfken. Dentsch. Ent. Zeitsch. 1914:184 9 $ Sonth Africa April 1914. Nothylaeus Magrettii (Vachal). Prosopis Maot a little above the antenna] sockets ....curvicaririatus- Inner orbits with a white line reaching much above the antennal sockets hcqimerfianus- Males 1. Apical lobe of Tth sternite hornlike, 1st tergite not strongly punctured 2 Apical lobe of 7th sternite flaplike 5 2. 1st tergite microscopically distinctly and evenly sparsely punctured, yellow mark on sides of face contiguous with the eyemargins above... curvicaririatus- 1st tergite not distinctly punctured, white marks of sides of face curving over base of antennae hequaertianus 3. Seventh sternite wdth the lateral teeth strongly devel- oped, first tergite distinctly and strongly punctate.... 4 Seventh sternite with the teeth feebly developed, first tergite not distinctly punctate longulus 4. Basal area of propodeum not differentiated from the basolateral areas, stipites rounded at apex, not obliquely truncate outwardly 5 Basal area of propodeum strongly differentiated from the basolateral areas, the latter strongly and distinct- ly pimctate, stipites acute at apex obliquely truncate outwardly immarginatus 5. Basal area longitudinally rugose, apical process of 8th ?ternite acute nearly as long as the Avidth, on eithe side, of the basal part, clypeus shallowly impressed over most of its surface Dregei Basal area -^ermiculate and confusedly closely rugulose, process of 8th sternite short, blunt, less than half the width on either side, clypeus convex LigJitfooti 139 Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) albonasatus (Strand). Prosopis alhonasaia Strand. Soc. Ent, 27 :30 $ Soutli Africa 1912. Has a semilunar carina on the third sternite. Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Alfkeni (Friese). Prosopis Alfheni Friese. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. .35:588 $ Khodesia. 1013. 9 Pronotum, mesonotnm, and apices of tergites 1-3 fringed with wlAe pubescence, face black, 1st and 2d tea-gites very densely mid coarsely punctured. $ Similar, scape black, not widened above. Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Arnold! (Friese). Prosopis arnoldi Friese. Zool. Jahrb. iVbt. Syst. 35 :58-!- S Ehodesia. 1913. Prosopis xanthopus Alfken. Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschrift. 191-I-:107 ? Ehodesia. Alfken gives no reason for separating his species from Friese's from the same locality. The differences appear to be .merely sexual. A coarsely sculptured species with the inandil)les, labrum, clypeus, legs and antennae red. Differs from xantlwstoma by the red legs, those of xanthostoma being black. Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) aterrimus (Friese). Prosopis aterrima Friese. '^ Arch. N'aturges. 77:129 5 Transvaal 1911, Prosopis qidnquedentata Friese. I.e. 132 S Transvaal. Prosopis aternma Alfken. Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr. 1914:189 ? $. 5 Resembles immnrcjinaius but the clypeus has a yellow median line and the lateral face marks are broadened within near the middle. $ Clypeus with a yellow median line. 140 Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) atriceps (Friese). Prosopis atriceps Friese. Arch. Naturges. 77:130 2 Transvaal 1911. Prosopis atnceps Alfkeii. Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr. 1914:187 9 (nee $). The male described as atriceps $ by Alfken is certainly the same as one taken by me at Capetown but the female I have associated with it is not atriceps Friese but tenuis Alfken. Probably atriceps is a distinct species with a more northern distribution. The Capetown species I believe to be ^irvicari- nattis (Cameron). Hylaeus (Denrachylaeus) bequaertianus n. sp. 2 This species is very like curvicarinatus but differs by the characters given in the table, a whitish line extending along the inner orbits to the lower end of the supraorbital foveae. The microscopic punctures of the first tergite are exceedingly shallow and hardly to be distinguished even with a binocular. $ The male has the pale coloration whitish rather than yellow and the face marks are curved away from the eye margin over the antenna! sockets and in none of the individuals studied is there a trace of a light mark on the supraclypeal area. The apices of all the tibiae are pale while the pale band on the base of the hind tibia is reduced, otherwise practically like curvicarinatus. The genitalia of this species and of curvicarinatus are practically alike and the description of this species will serve for both, the differences being pointed out. Edeagus with the stipites rounded at apex extending to the tips of the sagittae, with a few stout straight acuminate hairs at apex, basal part about as long as the narrow apical part. Eighth sternite with the apical process truncate at apex ; about as long as the width, on either side, of the basal part, the basal part is produced somewhat into a rounded lobe on either side. In curvicarinatus the process is a little shorter and rounded at apex. Seventh sternite with a basal and apical lobe on either side, the apical lobe is chitinous and hornlike but a little compressed, the basal lobe is a little shorter but little chitinized and a little strap-shaped bearing a few long spines or teeth on its anterior margin. In curvi- carinatus the apical lobe is shorter, less compressed and more hornlike, while the basal lobe is shorter and more rounded and the teeth much feebler, the sinus between the two lobes being conspicuous in bequaer- tianus and hardly perceptible in curz'icariiiatiis. 141 Fixe 9 $ and seven y a ridge. Scape enormously enlarged, the lower side prolonged beyond the in- sertion of the flagellum, the upper (inner) side more expanded below. Black, clypeus except a linear lateral border, labrum and mandibles largely, dot on the genae behind base of mandibles, another on the tem- ples a little below the summit of the eyes, sides of face to above the antennae obliquely rounded from near the orbit to the antennae, spot on upper part of supraclypeal area, scape except infuscated longitudinal discal area, pedicel, spot on either side the neck, collar nearly continuous with the tubercles, base of tegulae, knees, tibiae and tarsi except inner apical infuscate areas on tibiae yellow (reddened by cyanide in the ma- terial described). The marks on the underside of the head and on the neck absent in $ paratype. Seventh sternite with two very small simple lateral lobes apically. Eighth sternite with a basal process, the apical process nearly straight sides narrowed apically and curved, the apex strongly chitinized and dorso ventrally thickened. Stipites longer than sagittae evenly narrowed on the inner (median) side to apex from base (no distinction of apical and basal parts). 9 Length 6 mm. ; wing 4.5 nun. ; $ length 4.5 mm. ; wing 3 mm. Described from two females and two males, the former collected at Karnizawa September lOlo, the latter merely labelled Japan. Type, allotype and paratypes in the anthor's collection. Hylaeus Matsumurai n. sp. 9 . Edge of collar subcarinate, acute, the pubescence on its posterior edge (relatively) strong and plumose. Black; sides of face truncate below the lower edge of the antennal socket and acutely produced along the eye margin sometimes above the 154 upper edge of the antennal sockets, tubercles, basal spot on tegulae. basal half of front tibiae outwardly, basal spot on middle tibiae, and basal half of hind tibiae yellowish ; calcaria pale, wings yellowish hyaline, the vena- tion brownish. Second and following tergites with declined scattered hairs especially^ on the margins where they simulate hair bands. Clypeus, supraclypeal area and sides of face longitudinally lineolate, coarsely punctate with shallow punctures, those on the clypeus separated by a little more than the diameter of one, front a little shining, rather coarsely and closely punctured, vertex a little more discretely so. Meso- notum opaque, similarly punctured, punctures separated by a little more than the diameter of one, scutellum a little more shining, similarly punc- tured ; mesopleura a little more deeply and unevenly punctured ; area of propodeum strongly reticulate, the ridges very strong, sides of propodeum- obliquely punctured more or less separated from the basolateral areas (which are weakly reticulate) by a Y-shaped carina, which also separates the sides from the posterior face. Sculpture of the posterior face irregu- lar, partly concealed by appressed scattered plumose pubescence. First tergite smooth and shining, the second and following less shining with scattered minute punctures, second a little contracted at apexr sternites similar to the tergites but the punctures stronger, all the mar- gins a little translucent. A species of the aspect of the iiiodcstus group. Head about as broad as long, eyes a little convergent below. Recurrent nervures interstitial or nearly so. 9 . Length 7.5 mm. ; wing 5.5 mm. Described from 7 females collected at Karnizawa, September 1913. In the material are three 2 taken at Okitsu in Jime, 1913, and one marked Japan which may either represent the- same species or another closely allied. Types and paratypes in the author's collection. Paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Sngar Planters' Association. Xamed in honor of the eminent entomologist, Shonen Matsnmnra. Hylaeus paulus n. sp. 5 . Smaller species, lateral face marks in a line against the orbit reach- ing about to the level of the summit of the clypeus, tegulae w-ith a yellow spot. Collar more narrowed medially, punctures of the mesonotum shallower. Black; face marks in the type reduced to a line along the orbits, a spot on the tubercles and tegulae, anterior tibiae with a short basal outward stripe or spot, spot on outer base of middle tibiae and basal 1/3 of hind tibiae yellow, calcaria pale, flagellum pale brownish beneath ; apical tarsal joints Ijrownish ; wings hyaline, the nervures brownish. 155 Clypeus, suprach'peal area, and sides of face opaque, irregularly longi- tudinally lineolate or striolate with indications of sparse, shallow punc- tures; front and vertex a little shining, finely and strongly discretely punctured; mesonotum similarly but more shallowly punctured, the sur- face between the punctures tessellate or lineolate ; mesopleura similar ; scutellum similar, a little more sparsely punctured ; metanotum irregularly lineolate and definitely sparsely punctured ; area of propodeum strongly reticulate basally more or less chartaceous apically, sides and posterior face shagreene4, posterior face angulate at the sides. First tergite highly polished and shining, with sparse, fine punctures rather regularly disposed ; second and following a little less shining from the fine scattered pubescence and a transverse microscopic lineolation. Tergites 1-3 a little contracted at apex and with a slight trace of apical interrupted hair bands. Sternites transversely lineolate tessellate. A rather elongate little species, the head a little longer than wide, eyes feebly convergent below. The recurrent nervures interstitial or nearly so. 9 . Length 5 mm. ; wing 4 mm. Described from one 9 specimen collected at Karuizawa September 1913. Type in the author's collection. Hylaeus monticola n. sp. 5 . Larger species, the face marks in the type triangular not reaching above the level of the lower margin of the antennal pit and not filling- the sides of the face, tegulae black, the punctures of the mesonotum closer and much deeper, the metanotum is rough surfaced and the punc- tures closer but less evident, the markings of the anterior and middle tibiae are greatly reduced ; the sculpture of the propodeal area inclines to be striate, longitudinally carinate, the puncturing of the first tergite is absent and this is microscopically transversely lineolate. The wings are yellowish hyaline. The head is shorter and the eyes more conver- gent. $ . Line on the anterior base of mandibles, clypeus except narrow apical line and sutures very finely, sides of face obliquely truncate above from the middle of the supraclypeal area, the upper margin arcuately emarginate opposite the antennal sockets, the angle against the eye margin not reaching above the middle of the antennal sockets, supraclypeal area notched above, stripe on scape in front, small spot on tegulae, suffused spot on anterior femora in front and at the knee, on anterior tibiae in front, spot on middle tibiae on exterior base, basal 3/4 of middle and hind basitarsi, and basal one-third of hind tibiae sulfur yellow ; flagellum pale brownish beneath, tarsi other- wise brownish. 156 Edeagus, seventh and eighth sternites closely resembling those of Hylacus episcopalis (Cockerell) as figured by Metz and in material which I have determined as that species from my own collection, differing prin- cipally from that species by the feebler development of the apical lobe of the seventh sternite. The figure of the edeagus of H. episcopalis does not give a good impression of its structure, if my determination is cor- rect. In both that species and H. monticola the sagittae are abruptly divergent a little beyond the base and then convergent and each sagitta bears a small lobe at the divergence, its apical limit marked by a notch. Scape little expanded, arched; second tergite contracted at apex, third more feebly. 9 Length 7 nmi. ; wing 5 mm. : $ Length 6.5 mm., wing 7 mm. Described from two $ and four $ specimens collected at Ohinzenji (4000-5000 ft.) July- August, 1913. Type, allotype and paratypes in the author's collection. Hylaeus sp. (5 Similar, supraclypeal area broader, yellow only along the margins, scape and tubercles black, front basitarsi pale, band on hind tibiae shorter. Edeagus, seventh and eighth sternites much as in the preceding but the apical lobe of seventh sternite more developed and the stem of the process of eighth sternite a little more contracted before the apex Length 5.5 mm. ; wing 4.5 mm. This male I could not associate with any of the females with any certainty and, since the single specimen (Xikko August, 1913,) did not make the coloration-characters sure, it seemed better to leave it unnamed rather than establish a name in this difficult section of the genus. There are doubtless many other species of the genus in Japan remaining to be studied. 22. ISToETH Americax Hylaeus. 3Ietz in his excellent paper on the iSTorth American Pro- soph (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. 37:85-146, 1911) has laid a good foundation for the study of the North American species. He has not, however, had sufficient grasp of the geography of Xorth American entomology and on that account and on ac- count of his attributing too great variability to the species in 157 regard to sculpture he has fallen into some errors in his account of the species. Crawford has pointed out (Can. Ent. 45 :154- 156, 1913) his error in sinking Hylaeus mesillae (Ccx^ker- ell) as a variety of the widely distributed H. Cressmii (Cock- erell). I wish here to make some additional notes and com- ments. Hylaeus basalis (Smith). This is a species of the Boreal and Transition zones and seems to be confined to them. All the specimens I have takcni have been from the mountains in California and Oregon. Metz sneaks of it as not restricted in its destribution. My localities for it are Oregon : Cascade Mountains, — Detroit, Mt. Jefferson, Three Sisters; Coast Mountains — Benton Co. (J. C. Bridwell). California: Siskiyou Mountains (F. W. Xunenmacher), San Jacinto Mountains (Bridwell). Hylaeus Nunenmacheri n. sp. The well-marked Hylaeus hasalis (Smith) has hitherto remained rather isolated. Metz' //. potens only known in the male sex has genital characters similar but is quite differ- ent externally from basalis. It was with interest that I have discovered mixed with my material of basalis a very siuiilar but smaller species. $ Clypeus a little broader in proportion more sparsely punctured, the punctures less oblique, the surface less lineolate, particularly apically ; sculpture of basal area feebler and its integument more shining. The rugae are confined to a few short weak longitudinal ridges along the anterior margin while there are some reticulations in basalis. In both species the integument of the area behind the rugosities is microscopi- cally tessellate but it is shining as seen with a hand lens in Xuiicii- macheri, opaque in basalis, due to the greater impression of the lines bounding the tessellations in the latter. Length 7 mm. ; wing 5.5 mm. $ Clypeus shorter and broader than in basalis. The integument of the area duller than in the $ but the rugae similar. Seventh sternite with the lateral lobes more transverse than in basalis the sinus between them less profound, their posterior margin brace shaped ^ » ' . while in basalis the posterior sinus is profoundly V-shaped and the sides are rounded off toward the base. 158 On the 8tli sternite the short median apical process is shorter and the sides of the basal part in a straight line with each other, while in basalis they gently recede from each other. Length 7 mm. ; wing 4.5 mm. Two 9 and one S Siskiyou Co., ("aliforiiia. June 2, 1911 (F. W. Xnnenmaeher) ; one S Santa ( 'rnz ^Mountains. Santa Clara Co., Cal., April 25, 1913 (Bridwell). $ Type, allotype, and paratypes in the author's collection. Xamed in honor of F. W. Xnnenniacher, whose remark- able ability as a collector has revealed many new and interest- ing California and Arizona insects. "Whether the fact that the coastal mountains of California where this species has been discovered were insular during the Tertiaries has anything to do with its evolution from hasalis remains to be elucidated. Hylaeus conspicuus (Metz). Corvallis, Oregon; Benicia, Berkeley, Santa Cruz Co., San Gabriel Mountains, California (Bridwell). Hylaeus tridentulus (Cockerell). Mt. Jefferson, Oregon; Coast Mountains, Benton Co., Ore. (Bridwell). Apparently a Transition species. Hylaeus varifrons (Cresson). Oregon: Crater Lake (O. H. Swezey), Three Sisters, Mt. Jefferson (J. C. Bridwell). Xew Hampshire: Durham (J. C. Bridwell). Another Transition species. Hylaeus episcopalis (Cockerell). I am convinced that at least three species of males are con- fused in Metz' treatment of this species, but I am not yet pre- pared to assign names for them on account of the involved synonymy. 159 Hylaeus maritimus n. sp. 9 Black, elongate spot on the sides of the face obliquely truncate to the eye margin at the level of the middle of the antennal socket, interrupted band on collar not greatly narrowed within, tubercles, spot on the subhyaline tegulae, spots on the outer base of front and mid- dle tibiae, basal third of hind tibiae (band prolonged outwardly) yellow. Flagellum pale brown beneath; margins of tergites and sternites testa- ceous, subhyaline. Wings brownish subhyaline, venation brownish Pubescence of head scattered, collar feebly pubescent on its posterior side, plumose pubescence well developed on the posterior angles of the propodeum. Interrupted whitish hair band on posterior margin of first ter- gite and a thinner and less definite one on second, surface of second and following tergites with fine scattered declinate hairs and some longer and more erect ones. Supraclypeal area and clypeus longitudinally lineolate, obliquely punc- tured with piligerous punctures, those of the apical half of the clypeus distant from one to two times the diameter of a puncture, lineolations of the sides of the face obliquely longitudinal, directed to the clypeus, front longitudinally aciculate-punctate, vertex more definitely and dis- cretely punctured, occiput transversely lineolate or minutely rugulose. Mesonotum opaque closely and shallowly punctured, the punctures not separated by one-half the diameter of a puncture ; mesopleui a more shining, more finely and sparsely punctate, contrasting with the opaque longitudinally rugulose metapleura ; scutellum similar to the mesonotum ; metanotum more opaque with very shallow almost contiguous punctures ; propodeum with the area only fairly well defined, rather coarsely (mi- croscopically) tessellate with a few rugae or reticulations at the base these variable but not much developed, sides and posterior face of propodeum shagreened, posterior face angulate at the sides, not carinate, the basolateral areas not defined. Tergite one microscopically sparsely punctate, the surface smooth and a little shining, microscopically transversely lineolate, remaining tergites similar but less shining from the pubescence, tergites not per- ceptibly contracted; sternites similar but with minute punctures. Head greatly developed longer than broad, inner orbits sinuate, feebly converging below, supraclypeal area but little elevated in the middle and gradually descending to the plane of the front, margins angled be- tween the antennae, the furrow continued feebly to the anterior ocellus, temples broader than the eyes as seen from above, collar with rounded margin a little narrowed medially. Recurrent nervures received by the second cubital cell or the second interstitial. Length about 6.5 mm. ; wing 5 m.m $ Similar to the female, triangular spot at apex of scape, clypeus, supraclypeal area, sides of face with a clavate extension extending from the lower edge of the antennal socket to above its upper edge; stripe ■on front tibiae, apical as well as basal spot on middle tibiae, and basi- 160 tarsi whitish yellow, rest of front tibiae and the tarsi brownish (other pale markings as in $ ). Eighth sternite similar to that of H. Cressonii but the stem shorter and the lobes more developed (as long from the base of their expansion as their stem). Membraneous flap of seventh sternite more developed and hairy, the teeth of the other flap fewer and larger, more or less hooked at the end. Length about 5.5 mm. ; wing 4 mm. Described from 16 ? and 1 $ taken in the vicinity of Lake Merced in the sand dime district of San Francisco, Cal., 1 9 July 17, 1903 (F. E. Blaisdell), remainder August to Sept., 1910, (J. C. Bridwell). A very distinct species related to H. conspicuus (Metz), Cressonii (CockereW) and rudbecJiiue (CockereW) . The female is distinguishable by the large head and the translucent margins of the abdominal segments while the male may be separated from that of conspicuus by the absence of the peculiar flattened impression over the basal portion of the clypeus, lower part of supraclypeal area and adjacent sides of the face; the supracly- peal area is narrower and the scape is less expanded and has far less yellow on it, the white hair bands on tergites 1 and 2 present in maritimus and not in conspicuus. H. rudhechiae, (Cockerell) $ is also similar but has the baso-lateral areas of the propodeum well defined by a carina separating them from the posterior face. Both these species which resemble maritimus most closely have the eighth sternite quite different, as may be seen from Metz' figures. Apparently Hylaeus Ste- phensi (Crawford) is very close to this in the structure of the hidden sternites but the face markings are quite different in both sexes. Hylaeus oregonensis n. sp. I have a form of this genus which is represented in my collection by two $ and two $ collected in. the high Cascade Mountains of Oregon, Mount Jefferson (Bridwell), which seem to differ but little externally from what I have identified as H. poUfolii except that the reticula- tions of the propodeal basal area and particularly the basolateral areas are more strongly developed and the clypeus at the summit seems a little broader. I had supposed that this would prove to be ncvadcnsis, but 161 while the examination of the concealed sternites reveal a seventh sternite like that figured by Metz for nevadensis, the eighth sternite is indistin- guishable from that of his H. calvus. Type $ , allotype, and paratypes in the anther's collection. Hylaeus nevadensis (Cockerell). One S collected at Big Lake near Mt. Washington, Oregon (Bridwell) seems certainly this species. The narrow margin of the supraclypeal area is white like the clypens and sides of the face. This is the case also in some individuals of H. polifolii. Palaeorrhiza imperialis (Smith). Prosopis imperialis Smith. Jonr. Linn. Soc. Zool. 7 :44 2 Dory 1863. Prosopis malachisis Friese {nee Smith). Ann. Miis. Hung. 7:184 $ Tenimber Larat 1909. Palaeon-hiza Muiri Perkins. Ann. Mag. jS'at. Hist. (8) 19: 103 $ Amboina 1912. The description of Prosopis malaehisis Friese S does not mention the carinae on the third nor the angulate second stern- ite but otherwise agrees perfectly. One $ collected on Amboina July- August 1908 (F. Muir). It seems likely Prosopis malachisis Smith is also a Polar eorhiza. (?) DIPHAGLOSSIDAE 22. BiNGHAMIELLA AXTIPODES (Smith). Sphecodes antipodes Smith. Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus. 1:37 2. 1853. Binghamiella antipodes Cockerell. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 23:235. 1914. 2 2 3 5 Stradbroke I. Moreton Bay, Queensland (J. C. Bridwell), Sept. 20, 1915. The tongue of this bee is truncate at apex, scarcely emarginate, ciliate at apex, excavated above, the paraglossae about as long, obliquely deltoid, 162 labial palpi 4-jointecl rather stout and short about as long as the tongue, the basal joint longest, apical joints subequal. Apical portion of maxilla ovate, expanded, sinuate or subemarginate within and without near the apex hyaline within, labrum transverse, ciliate anteriorly with a short weak median process basally elevated into a ridge, notched medially. Upper inner margin with a narrow fovea. 9 Antennae with pedicel and flagellar joints i & 2 subequal, following joints subequal, a little broader than long to a little longer than broad. Tergites 2 and 3 with a narrow transverse submedian impressed line. Pygidial area strongly narrowed near the base, narrow and truncate at apex, longitudinally, subcarinate medially. (5 This sex has not previously been described. It is very much like the 5 . The abdomen a little smaller and narrower. Face clothed with coarse silvery hairs as in Sphecodcs, mandibles with a single subapical tooth within (the 5 has two), antennae about as long as the head and thorax, scape short and stout, a little longer than the 3d flagellar joint, with silvery plumose hairs outwardly; pedicel and ist flagellar joints broader than long together about as long as the 2nd flagellar joint, this shorter than third, this and following joints subequal about twice as broad as long, the flagellum more or less nodulose and Sphecodes-\\\^&. Tergite 4 has a sub-basal narrow impressed line while 2 and 3 are as in the $ . Seventh and eighth sternites concealed and highly modified, the sev- enth with divergent basal struts, apically membraneous and cleft into 2 quadrate lamellae ; 8th basally lamelliform apically produced into a dark narrow parallel-sided, strapshaped spine, very slightly expanded apically and rounded. Cardo well developed about as broad as long, basal portion of stipes short, the median apical angles a little acute, apices nearly straight, the apical half outwardly with rather setose whitish hairs. Sagittae together ovate lanceolate excavated or broadly channeled above, inner margins adjacent in the basal half and then separated in a gentle curve and approximate apically. The affinities of this genus are clearly with Paracolletes and they together diverge from CoUetes by the presence of the pygidial area. Here too belong several of the genera of bees with eniarginate tongues and 2 cubital cells rather than with H viae us. DUFOUREIDAE. 23. MiMULAPis n. gen. Related to Halictoides but with greatly elongated mouth parts and a well developed malar space. Maxilla with the cardo nearly as long as the stipes, lacinia acuminate about two-thirds as long as the stipes, palpi about as long as the stipes, 6-jointed, basal and 2nd joint larger than the remainder, basal about half as long as the second, second a 163 little longer than either the 3rd or 4th, 5th and 6th successively shorter but elongate : labium with the glossa and palpi about equal in length to the mentum, paraglossae not quite attaining the apex of the first palpal joint, the palpi 4-jointed elongate, first 3 joints flattened, 4th subcylin- drical, 2nd joint longest as long as 3rd and 4th together, glossa hairy acuminate, lance-linear. Wings with two closed cubital cells, the second receiving the recur- rent nervures, about 1/5 its length from either end. Stigma well devel- oped, radial cell lanceolate, pointed on the wing margin, transverse median a little before the basal. Cubital cells subequal on the cubitus, the sec- ond narrowed in front, only about 1/3 as long on the radius as on the cubitus. Head flattened elongate, mandibles $ unidentate within, labrum free large, not twice as long as broad, clypeus strongly produced, malar space 2/i as long as wide, genae very narrow, occiput well developed, wider than the width of the eye. Collar sloping in front not narrowed medially. Scutellum simple, propodeal area well defined, propodeum rounded abruptly down to the posterior face which is notcarinate laterally. Claws unequally cleft. Hind tibiae of female flattened with a stiff" scopa on both sides, broader than the basitarsus. Legs of male more or less deformed. $ Antennae short, clavate only the terminal segment of the flagellum as long as broad, second and third flagellar joints ringlike, forming, with the first, a sort of funicle which tapers from the 6-jointed club. ^ Antennae deformed, segments 1-4 of the flagellum forming a bulb-shaped structure emarginate beneath and this strongly concave under surface with a dense brush of short stiff erect brown hairs, sixth abdominal segment 9 retracted. ^ Abdomen deformed, la.st tergite with a longitudinal median area. Type Mimulapis z'crsatilis Bridwell. Mimulapis versatilis n. sp. Black with some chalybaeus reflections on head, thorax and abdomen above. Mandibles more or less piceous, legs and antennae brownish, ter- gites with the depressed margins broadly and the sternites more narrowly brownish translucent. Rather loosely pubescent with whitish pubescence which becomes brownish or fulvous on the mandibles, labrum, clypeus, mesonotum, tibiae in part, tarsi, venter and tergites 3-5. Clypeus convex with a few coarse scattered punctures, a fine furrow extends from between the antennae a little more than half the distance to the anterior ocellus, front and vertex closely and strongly punctured, the punctures confluent on the occiput. Mesonotum similarly punctured, the furrows well defined; scutellum more sparsely punctured shining; metanotum shagreened ; area of propodeum irregularly longitudinally striate basally, with a few transverse striae apically ; mesopleurae more 164 or less irregularly punctured, smooth in part, tumid, sides and po^iterior face of propodeum finely shagreened, its basolateral area (undefined) finely punctate. Abdomen 9 ovate, ist tergite with the surface punctate except the translucent depressed margin but not closely nor coarsely, remaining tergites with the surface obscured by oblique fine piliferous punctures and the declined hairs from them, sternites with the piliferous punctures stronger. Abdomen $ more elongate, tergites i and 2 more strongly punctate, the translucent margins of the tergites narrower, tergite 7 with a flat narrow brown longitudinal smooth area extending its entire length. Sternites 2-4 more or less emarginately depressed posteriorly, the 4th with a triangular flattened reversed tooth on either side, 5th de- pressed shining, arcuately emarginate behind, sixth retracted, the basal portion with a broad median longitudinal channel and fulvous hairs on either side, with an oval apical process bearing a blunt spine on its ventral side just before the apex. The $ has the legs more incrassate, the anterior claws large and evenly cleft, the anterior tibiae produced into a curved flattened apical spine in the axis of the tibia, the middle tibiae are greatly subtri- angularly incrassate in the middle with a much greater flattened spinous process at the end which bears a brush of peculiar hairs a little before the apex, its basitarsus expanded apically, the 3 median tarsal joints cordate (in all the tarsi), the hind tibiae widest a little beyond the mid- dle within and bear on the inner surface beyond, (as also the basitarsi), long shining white hairs. $ Mandibles elongate, acute, the tooth reduced, bearing a tuft of white hairs at base. Antennae beyond the basal bulb with depressed areas, truncate at the end. $ Seventh sternite developed into two elongate apical parallel membraneous lobes separated by a narrow slit, with sparse whitish hairs apically, bent at the base of the slit and narrowed apically to y blunt point, with two basal struts much as in Hylaeus; 8th sternite with a sub- quadrate basal piece and an apical elongate median process strongly chitinized, irregularly prismatic with four sides, with a gentle dorso- ventral sigmoid curve, produced about as far as the width of the basal piece, with two broad basal struts not so long as the apical process, parallel separated from each other by a slit nearly as broad as each strut. Edeagus with the cardo transverse twice as broad as long a little produced medially, the stipes with the inner angle sub-basal, the outer side sinuously emarginate near the base of the sagittae, with a slender curved apical process arising near the apex of the sagittae ; sagittae strongly geniculate near the base, their inner margin notched at base and then somewhat expanded, their main mass lying above the plane of the stipes and cardo, but their tips deflexed below the end of the stipes. 9 Length 8 mm. ; wing 5.5 mm. ; $ length g mm ; wing 5.5 mm. 165 Described from 4 $ and 8 S collected in the Boreal re- gions of Mt. San Jacinto, Calif., at elevations of 75,00-9000 ft., visiting the flowers of different species of Mimulus. Jnly, 1912 (Bridwell). The flowers were of two types, one with an open throat into which the bees entered directly, while in those of the other type with the closed throat they entered sidewise on either side of the gibbons portion closing the throat. Type 9 , allotype and paratypes in the author's collection. 24. Addendum oiv African Hylaeidae. Nothylaeus Bevisi (Cockerell). Prosopis Bevisi (Cockerell). Anir. Durban Mus. 2:45 $, I^atal, 1917. Nothylaeus rubriplagiata (Cameron). Professor Cockerell (I.e.) reports that Dr. Brauns consid- ers Braunsi Alfken as synonymous with this species. Alfken has quoted Dr. Brauns as considering it identical with N. heraldic us Smith. With the literature at hand I have been unable to make certain whether N. rufipedwides or Junodi has precedence. Prosopis pernix, sandracata, and gracilis Bingham and P. quadrilineata and qidnqueUneata Cameron are species of Allodape, as has been pointed out by Meade- Waldo and Mfken. 166 Descriptions of New Species of Hymenopterous Parasites of Muscoid Diptera with Notes on their Habits. BY JOHX COLBUEN BRIDWELL. The Muscoid Diptera play so large a part in the economic entomology of the Hawaiian Islands that any contribution to our knowledge of their enemies has its value. The injuries to fruits by Ceratitis capitata, to vegetables by Badrocera cucur- hitae, to meats by certain of the Sarcophaga species and the annoyance and disease transmission by the house fly ; the injury to cattle by Stomoxys calci trans and by Haematobia serrata; the benefits in checking the seeding of the lantana by the Agro- myzid seed fly ; the reduction to harmlessness of th'.' cane borer {Ehabdocnemis ohscura) by Ceromasia sphenophori and the beneficial effects of the attacks of other Tachinidae upon Le- pidoptera make it desirable to extend our knowledge of their enemies, particularly since efforts have been made in the past and will doubtless be made in the future to control the worst of the pests through the importation of their enemies. Farther afield are the problems of the cherry, apple and currant fruit flies, the root maggots, the sheep maggots and the screw worms all of which at least suggest the consider- ation of methods of natural control. So far as I can learn there are no known hymenopterous parasites of the eggs of Muscoid Diptera. Their enemies aside from predators appear to attack them in either the pupal or larval stages. Several Pteromalids, Chalcidid? and Ichneumonoids are knoAv to attack them only in the pupfirium. For the practical purpose of parasitic introduction, this group of their enemies have seemed of little importance for two reasons: 1st, because they exercise little or no discrimination in their choice of host and, 2d, because the puparia which they attack are hidden away from them and require to be searched for and found, a time consuming operation which Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, TV, No. i, June, 1919. 167 makes it ordinarily impossible for the parasites to reach any large percentage of tliem. It is the other class of enemies, those which attack the maggot stage, which give promise of being of valne in practical efforts to control these pests. The insects described below are all of this type. Jn all of these the egg is deposited in the maggot but the host is not thereby prevented from completing its gTowth and forming its pupa- riiim. In all these forms the adult parasite emerges from the puparium of the host. The African insects here described were found ,;nd studied while travelling for the Hawaiian Board of Agriculture and Forestry searching for enemies of fruit flies. My travels were interrupted at Cape Town liy an attack of malarial fever and the observations upon dung fly parasites were mado while re- cuperating there. Some insects of similar habits which have accidentally entered the Hawaiian Islands and a Japanese lehneumonid bred by Mr. Muir similar to one of the African insects studied are here described : ICHNEUMONIDAE, Cryptinae, Stilpnini. 1. Atractodes Muiri n. sp. Radius arising a little beyond the middle of the stigma, areo'et open at apex, eyes bare, second tergite without an impressed spiracular Hne. Length 8.5 mm., wing 6.5 mm. 2 Black; mandibles in the middle, second joint of trochanters, femora, and tibiae (basal third of hind tibiae infuscate), and 2d-5th abdominal segments rufous ; wing base yellow ; wing grayish hyaline, the nervure infuscate. Head not as wide as thorax, about twice as broad as long above, nearly square as seen from in front; eyes subparallel, a little dtvergent below ; malar space longer than the width of the base of the man- dible ; genae broader below ; mandible punctured at base with the upper tooth a little longer ; clypeus a little shining, rather sparsely but definitely finely punctured, the anterior margin rounded, narrowly depressed ; face more opaque, protuberent in the middle above the clypeus with strong punctures separated by about their diameter, more shining and more sparsely punctured along the sides ; genae nearly bare above, shining, with some scattered punctures ; front similar to the face but the punc- tures less impressed ; vertex similar to the genae : ocelli in a low triangle, lateral ocelli about equidistant from the eye margin and from 168 each other; antennae 20-jointed, stout, with short pubescence, monili- form at apex (5 apical joints) ; scape punctured, as broad as long; fourth joint about 5 times as long as broad; fifth a little shorter; the others successively shorter to the penultimate which is a very little longer than broad ; last joint ovate, a little longer. Mesonotum shining, finely hairy, sparsely punctured ; parapsidal furrows fine, rather shallow, parallel, not reaching more than half the length of the sclerite ; prescutellar fovea rather deep with raised trans- verse lines at its bottom ; scutellum subtriangular, proturberent, shining, sparsely, finely punctured ; mesopleura shining, with fine scattered punc- tures ,the anterior and posterior marginal sulci consute. Basal area of propodeum trapezoidal with about 15 punctiform pits occup3'ing its surface ; petiolar area strongly concave, reticulate above transversely ridged below ; external areas smooth basally, reticulate along the costula ; dentiparal area more or less irregularly reticulate ; .spiracular area reti- culate, the spiracles small ; pleural areas transversely striate or sulcate, reticulate next the coxae. Post petiole somewhat aciculate, the spiracles a little nearer the apex than to each other ; remainder of abdomen smooth, shining and highly polished; ungues slender, elongate; subdiscoidal nerve arismg from the middle of the nervellus ; subdiscoidal nerve of hind wing arising far below the middle of the nervellus. Described from one 2 bred from the pupariimi of an unde^ termined species of Sarcophaga living in decaying fisli nsed as fertilizer in the field. Okitsn, Japan, Jan. 19lr>. (F. ^Mnir). Type in the anthor's collection. 2. Atractodes Maliyi n. sp. Very similar to^A. Muiri. Mandibles entirely black; 2d joint of trochanter black; fifth segment of abdomen dark ; the coloration otherwise as in Muiri. Anterior margin of clypeus not depressed, a little produced in the middle, smooth and shining at apex ; front and vertex very highly polished and shining, with only a few scattered minute punctures ; ulti- mate joints of antennae not so distinctly moniliform. Mesonotum more highly polished and shining; the parapsidal fur- rows more distinct, reaching farther to the rear, punctures minute, in- distinct, scattered ; median elevated area of metanotum ti ifid in front (simple in Muiri) ; sides of pronotum imperfectly striate (only the pos- terior margin consute in Muiri) ; basal area of propodeum transverse, irregularly rugose or shagreened. Spiracles of first tergite about as far from each other as from the apex, post petiole less expanded. 169 $ Abdomen not at all compressed, rounded at apex, tergites 2-5 rufous or all but 3d blackish. Antennae 25-jointed not all monlliform. Length 6.5 mm., wing 5.5 mm. Described from 29 $9 and 8 5 5 bred at Cape Town from an undetermined SarcopJiaga living in human excrement and experimentally from other species of Sarcophaga living in carrion. The habits of this species were discussed under the name of AUotypa sp. in these Proceedings 3:492-493, 1918. The type ? and allotype $ will be placed iu the South African Museum; paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Board of Agriculture and Forestry, in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association and in the private col- lections of P. H. Timberlake and of the author. Named in appreciation of Charles W. Mally, Cape En- tomologist, and his works upon the biology and f'onomic^ of fruit flies and the house fly including studies of their natural enemies. BRACONIDAE, Vipioninae. 3. Microbracon Terryi n. sp. $ Black, mandible in the middle, sides of all the tergites (more broadly in front so that the first and second are only dark spotted discally or are entirely yellow), the ovipositor (but not the s;heaths), knees, front femora apically more or less, hind tibiae basally more or less, and calcaria yellow, the pale markings suffused and their limits indefinite, mouth more or less reddish, wings and venation fuscocs sub- hyaline. Highly polished and shining, the second tergite feebly rugose behind the median area of the first, its anterior furrow interrupted medially about one-half the width of the median area of the first, suture of the connate aecond and third tergites smooth. Antennae about 28-jointed, longer than the head and thorax Ovi- positor longer than the head, thorax, and abdomen together. Length 3 mm., ovipositor 4 mm., wing 3.5 mm. (5 Similar to the female, the abdomen sometimes entirely dark. Described from 24 $ 5 and IS 5 5 from the Hawaiian Islands: Honolulu (Terry, Timberlake) Oahu Sugnr Co. 170 Plantation (Timberlakc) ; Mani, Kipahnlu (Swezey) ; Ha- waii, Pahala (Swezey). Bred from Tephriiis crassipes breeding in the heads of Bidrns by the late F. W. Terry, Honolnln, Jan. lOOC, by P. H. Timberlake, Honolnln, Jnly 1918, and by J. C. Brid- well, Wailnkn, Mani, Ang. 1918. This species is an immigrant, doubtless arriving with its host, from what conntry we can only conjectnre. The habits of the species were .stndied by Mr. Terry in Jan. 1900. and Mr. Swezey's material from Mani was taken the same year. This is donbtless the Bracon recorded by Dr. Perkins in the introdnction of the Fanna Hawaiiensis as attacking Tepliritis. Type 9 and allotype $ in the collection of the Hawai- ^ian Entomological Society ; paratypes in the U. S. Xational Mn-senm, in the collection of the Hawaiian Sngar Planters' Association and in the private collections of P. H. Timber- lake and of the anthor. Opiinae. 4. Opius lantanae n. sp. 9 Length 2 mm. Black ; the legs, including coxae, palpi, clypeus and mandibles in part, scape and pedicel (and usually the first tergite and the anterior half of second) yellow; tegulae brownish; wings hyaline, the nervures brown. Smooth and shining, highly polished except the face, which is very slightly microscopically roughened ; propodeum and first tergite rugose ; second tergite slightly aciculate sublaterally ; the suture of the connate second and third tergites finely crenulate or almost smooth. Head a little more than twice as broad as long; mandibles entire beneath, widely separated from the clypeus; the malar space as long as the width of the mandible ; face with a rounded median ridge ; clypeus not twice as broad as long; eyes oval, parallel; posterior orbits not nar- rowed below, narrower than the width of the eye ; lateral ocelli about four times their width from the eye margin ; antennae about 23-jointed. inserted above the middle of the eyes; first joint of the flagellum about three times as long as broad, second and following joints successively shorter, all as long as broad. Mesonotum evenly convex, not impressed ; parapsidal furrows indi- cated as deep rounded impressions at the a*iterior margin ; mesopleural impressions imperfectly crenulate. 171 Stigma lanceolate; the radius arising near its basal third, first al)scissa of radius less than half as long as the width of the stigma, one-fifth the length of the second, second abscissa one-half longer than the first transverse cubitus, a little less than half the length of the ^nird abscissa; recurrent nervure joining the second cubital cell, which is fi.ve-sided. Second tergite finely longitudinally aciculate antero-laterally ; suture between the connate second and third tergites evident, usually finely crenulate, the highly polished median triangular area of second tergite separated from the lateral areas by imperfectly defined, percurrent, fe'ebly aciculate, diverging impressions ; third tergite smooih and highly polished ; second and third tergites subequal in length, the third widest and three times as broad as long ; ovipositor exserted, nearly one-half the length of the abdomen. $ The sculpture of the abdomen in the males varies greatly; some have the second and following tergites smooth, the suture of the second and third tergites not evident, not at all crenulate, while in others the entire second tergite is aciculate. Antennae 20-24- jointed, usually 22 or 23. Described from 51 $ and 86 S specimens bred from the Lantana-seed Agromvzid (still undetermined) by O. H. Swo- zey, P. H. Timberlake and J. C. Bridwell npon tl:e island of Oahn. First bred by Mr. Swezey from material collected by him May 12, 1913. Type $ , allotype S and paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society; paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, in the U. S. Xa- tional Museum, and the private collections of P. H. Timber- lake and J. C. Bridwell. This runs in Gahan's carefully elaborated tables of the Xorth American species of Opius (Proc. LL S. Xat. Mus. 49 : 08-72) to Opius osciuidis fAshmead) known only in the male sex from material bred from an Oscinis breeding in the leaves of Plantago major at Washington, D. C. Our species differs but little in the characters given in Ashmead's descri])tion. The suture at the base of the scutellum is certainK not innate in our species, nor are the lower parts of the head (except the mandibles and the clypeus) yellow. Doubtless our species is distinct and more differences will 1)e found when the 9 of oscinidis is studied. 172 The present species is of very great interest from its bear- ing npon the control of lantana by insects, the AgTomyzid at- tacking the seeds being one of the most significant of the in- sects introduced into the Hawaiian Islands from Mexico for that purpose. We must consider it almost certain that it will hereafter play a very restricted part, since recent breedings from lantana berries in Honolulu give many more parasites than flies. In the country districts of Oahu, apparently, the l^arasite is as yet not so numerous and it has not yet been found on the other islands. Mr. Pemberton and Mr. Timberlake have made j^reliuu- nary studies of the biology of this species, not yet published. Mr. Pemberton has found that the first stage larvae are like those found by him in the Opiine parasites of the fruit flies. ]\Ir. Timberlake has found that this species, like some of the Opiine fruit fly parasites, may pass considerable time dor- mant in the larval stage. From material collected on January 12, 1918, parasites emerged from January 15 to February 6, and again in October. This period of dormancy will iieed to be considered in future work in the introduction of this Agro- myzid into other countries, for not unfrequently material sup- posed to have had all the insects bred out from it may still contain parasites which may escape through negligence. Hedylus desideratus n. sp. Head black; clypeus and mandibles piceo-testaccous ; antennae red- dish infuscate ; palpi, maxillae and labrum yellowish ; thorax above dark rufous or piceous, the lateral lobes usually blackish ; legs yellowish ; ab- domen yellowish-ferruginous ; ovipositor sheaths black ; wings hyaline, the nervures brownish. Head broader than the thorax, about twice as broad as long above; clypeus and inner orbits with sparse white hairs and strongly punctured, more sparsely so above ; vertex in front of anterior ocellus transversely irregularly rugose; genae margined above nearly to the summit of the eyes, a little broader below, with a single series of feeble punctures ; malar space about as broad as long; mandibles separated irom the cly- peus by a narrow space, simple beneath ; clypeus a little less than twice as wide as high, with a rounded process in the middle; tectiform with a median ridge ; eyes round^^h oval, a little divergent below ; posterior 173 ocelli five times as far from the eye margin as the distance between them; vertex and front shining, with a few lateral punctures; antennae about 43-jointed ; joints 1-4 of flagellum subequal, the remainder suc- cessively shorter, all much longer than broad. Mesonotum with deep crenulate parapsidal furrows converging be- hind and meeting a little in front of the prescutellar sulcus ; anterior margins of the lateral lobes with a shallow crenulate marginal furrow ; mesopleura with an anterior crenulate sulcus meeting the crenulate sternopleural sulcus at right angles ; prescutellar sulcus divided into 4-6 pits by carinae ; propodeum reticulate-areolate, with a longitudinal median carjna imperfectly indicated for its anterior third. Abdomen smooth and shining, slightly compressed, about as long as the head and thorax together, its sides nearly parallel ; first tergite about twice as long as wide at apex, with a median area limiced for about two-thirds of its length from the base by carinae, smooth basally, aciculate apically; the rest of the tergites smooth and highly polished, shining, only the anterior sulcus of the second distinct, th's smooth and very narrowly interrupted in the middle ; connate second -dnd third ter- gites about one and one-half times as long as broad, about as long as the rest of the abdomen beyond ; ovipositor about as long as the head, thorax and abdomen together. Length 3.5, ovipositor 3.5, wing 3.75 mm. $ similar to the $ ;• apical segments of the abdomen often black- ish. The apex of the abdomen is rounded, not widened to the aiiex and truncate as in H. habilis. Described from 29 9 and 4 S bred, with many others. from varions frnit flies of the genera Dacns and Ceratitis at Oloke Meji, Ibadan Nigeria, August-N^ovember, 1914, Type $ , allotype $ and paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Board of Agriculture and Forestry; paratypes in the author's collection. It is with some hesitation that this species and the follow- ing are referred to Hedylus, since the female of H. habilis Marshall is still undescribed and there is some little divergence in the abdominal characters of that species from desidevatus,- clypeatus and Giffardi Silvestri. The stigma is broadly lanceo- late ; the first abscissa of the radius is about -one half the length of the second; the cubitus is continued beyond the second cu- bital cell the discoidal cells are completely closed. The para- psidal furrows are stronger and crenulate in the African spe- cies and the petiole is by no means sublinear. HoA':ever, they 174 • agree in the two extremely important characters of the long maxillary palpi and the short second abscissa of the radius. In H. Giffardi the second tergite is striate back ro the snlcns, differing in that respect from hoJbilis and desideratus. This species resembles very closely Biosteres caudatus Sze- pligeti from the same region, but differs by the longer maxil- lary palpi, the more elongate stigma with the radius arising distinctly beyond the middle and by the structure of the pre- scutellar sulcus. This species was by far the most numerous in individuals of the fruit fly parasites bred at Oloke Meji and attacked a greater number of host insects and in a greater variety of fruits than any others. It was carried in a living condition to South Africa, but was unfortunately lost during the time the author was confined in a hospital there. Like Diacliasma Tnjoni Cameron, D. Fullawayi and Optus lantanae, this species may pass a considerable period dormant in the last larval instar. 6. Hedylus clypeatus n. sp. 9 Resembles H. desideratus, but the mandibles are flattened and expanded basally ; the clypeus has a semicircular impression at apex; the clypeus is a little produced in the middle above the impression and at either side of it, giving a somewhat tridentate appearance, it is some- what tectiform about twice as wide as long; the facial ridge is flattened and shining and the face is more strongly punctured than in desideratus ; the (true) metanotum is dentate in the middle and the hrst tergite is nearly smooth and shining, the thorax above is rufo-testaceous. The antennae of the unique specimen are missing. Described from 1 9 specimen taken at Oloke Meji, Nigeria, July 27, 1914, upon the fruit of an unknown vine, which it was examining apparently with the intention of ovi- positing. These fruits contained fruit fly larvae, which un- fortmiately failed to breed out, and no more were oljtained. Type in the collection of the Hawaiian Board of Agri.-ulture and Forestrv. 175 This species might be considered to run to Sudylus Bnys- son in Gahan's table of the genera of Opiinae (Ic. 66-67), but the maxillary palpi in that genus are said to be short and three- jointed. It is certainly, in my judgment, congeneric with the other African species described as Hedylxs. Alysiinae. 7. Alysia lusoriae n. sp. Length 6 mm., wing 4.75 mm. to 5 mm. Rufo-testaceous, highly polished and shining; tips of mandibles, an- tennae from the third joint, eyes, ocelli, last joint of from tarsi, middle tarsi, sheaths of ovipositor and wing venation black or infuscaie ; 9-15 joints from the apex of antennae white; clypeus and mandibles, except apex, and palpi pale testaceous ; wings subhyaline. Head broader than the thorax; maxillary palpi 6-joi;!ied, reaching the apex of the front coxae ; labial palpi 4-jointed, a little longer than the three basal joints of the maxillary palpi ; clypeus produced from its base, almost fusiform, somewhat tectiform, the apex a little rounded ; face above the clypeus a little rugose, not distinctly ridged,, hirsute, consute at the sides beneath the antennae ; a consute or crenulare tr.insverse furrow between the antennae ; posterior ocelli in front of a line connect- ing the summit of the eyes, about four times as far from the eye mar- gin and the occiput as from each other, connected by a furrow with the occiput, eyes orbicular, separated in front by about four times their apparent width ; genae about as wide as the eye seen from the side ; antennae 33-jointed, third joint shorter than fourth, the remainder suc- cessively shorter, but all longer than broad. Thorax broader than the abdomen; parapsidal furrows ."^trong, crenu- late, converging behind and meeting before the prescutellar sulcus, antero- middle portion parallel, abruptly directed outwardly in front, joining the crenulate marginal furrow of the lateral lobes, median lobe strongly de- clivous anteriorly, not arched transversely in front ; prescutellar sulcus large, about twice as broad as long, divided in the middle by a straight fine carina and laterally by some three or four irregular ones or sub- reticulate; the lateral pits of the scutellum with longitudinal carinae or striae; metanotum laterally crenulate projecting in a trifid costate-cari- nate mass in the middle ; sides of pronotum consute ; an oblique sub- vertical consute impression not joining the longitudinal sulcus on the mesopleurae, the longitudinal sulcus abruptly narrowed in front and more gradually behind, broad with many transverse lines or carinae ; median ventral line of mesothorax crenulate ; propodeum areolate, a median carina at base more or less interrupted at the beginning of the declivity and continued as two carinae below, some transverse broken carinae at the declivity and an irregular transverse costatc carina above the insertion of the abdomen; the spiracles small and circular. 176 Nervulus nearly its own length beyond the basal; the recurrent joining the second cubital cell, the latter therefore five-sided; radius originating beyond the middle of the broadly oblanceolate stigma, its abscissae angulate on each other, the second more than twice as long as the first, shorter than the first transverse cubitus, radial cell barely fall- ing short of the extreme apex of the wing; second cu. cell not noticably narrowed apically. the second transverse cubitus distinctly indicated but obsolescent ; subdiscoidal nervure interstitial ; hind wings with a post ncrvcllus (as Gahan uses the term), the submedian cell more than one- third and less than half the length of the median. Abdomen fusiform, nearly three times as long as broad, first tergite less than twice as long as broad at apex, longitudinally sulcate with carinate margins, a median area indicated on the basal two-thirds by strong longitudinal carinae ; the median area has some irregular trans- verse carinae basally and a median longitudinal one subapically to which some oblique carinae converge, remainder of abdomen smooth ; sulcus of first suture fine narrowed in the middle but scarcely interrupted ; fused second and third tergites with the suture scarcely indicated, longer than broad, nearly half the length of the abdomen ; ovipositor nearly as long as the head, thorax and abdomen together. Described from 34 5 collected at Fish Hoek, Simon's Bar, near Cape Town, npon cow droppings or bred from the pnparia, of Musca Jusoria, breeding in cow dung there, April, 1914 (Bridwell). ]^o males were seen or bred. The eggs of Mnsca lusoria are deposited scattered on the surface of fresh cow droppings and hatch within a few hours ; the larvae reach full gro^vth in about five days arid enter the earth to pupate. The eggs of Alysia hisoriae are deposited in the larvae apparently on the second day and the adults emerge from the puparia. In Ashmead's tables* this species might be considered to run to Asyntadus ]\Iarshall, but in that genus the second ter- gite is punctured and opaque. Hovv^ever, if we consider the second transverse cubitus as distinct, and it is distinctly in- dicated though obsolescent, it would run to Goniarcha Foerster. The type species of this Foersterian genus is Alysia lucicola Haliday, from which this species differs, aside from color, in the much longer ovipositor, the subdiscoidal nervure being in- terstitial, and in the shorter first tergite. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 23:104, igoo. 177 In Marshall's tablesf it runs to Idiasta Foerster, but the second cubital cell cannot be said to be quadrangular, nor the radial cell lanceolate; the recurrent is received by the second cubital cell and the subdiscoidal nervure is interstitial. The ovipositor is much longer. In Szepligeti's table:]: it runs to Alysia, section Goniarcha. Pending a thorough revision of the genera of the Alysiinae I have considered it as well to describe this species under Alysia. The type will be deposited in the South African Maseuni at Capetown. Paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Board of Agi'iculture and Forestry and in the aathor's col- lection, 8. Aphaereta sarcophagae n. sp. 9 $ Very much like A. mtiscae Ashmead as represented in the Hawaiian Islands, but with the prescutellar sulcus more profound, smooth with a single median raised line at the bottom of the sulcus ; the surface of the propodeum below the transverse carinae usually less rugose than in muscae; sculpture of the first tergite exceedingly variable, but the seg- ment seems to be always shorter, more triangular, the spiracles less prominent and the sublateral carinae more convergent posteriorly, and the second tergite has the sides more divergent behind. This species, so far as the material before me goes, averages con- siderably larger than muscae, with the number of antennal joints aver- aging less. In both speies they vary from 19-23. The largest $ is about 3.5 mm., while the smallest is only about 1.75 mm. Described from 82 $ $ and 22 S S bred with many others from an undertermined Sarcophaga breeding in human excre- ment at Fish Hoek, on Simon's Bay, near Capetovvm, in April and subsequently on board ship in May and June from the same material. Types ? and allotype S and paratypes in the South Afri- can Museum ; paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Board of Agriculture and Forestry and in the private collec- tion of P. H. Timberlake and of the author. t Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1894 :499-5oo. $Gen. Jus. Braconidae. 200-202, 1904. 178 The larvae of the Sarcopliaga are deposited and the Aphae- reUi oviposits in them the same day, the adults emerging from the puparia which form after the larvae have buried them- selves in the ground. Several individuals of the Aphaereta emerge from a single puparium. Ashmead described muscae as without a longitudinal median impressed line on hte occiput behind the ocelli, but in the form found in the Hawaiian Islands such a line is present. The European A. minor is described as having no sulcus at the base of the scutellum. It is singular that the South African species should resemble the ]S'orth American species so much more slosely than the European. In this connection it may be well to record definitely that A. muscae in the Hawaiian Islands attacks Sarcopliaga palli- nervis Thompson, a species known only as breeding is cow dung. It has been repeatedly bred from this host by Mr. Swezey and Mr, Timberlake. CYNIPIDAE, Eucoilinae. 9. Bothrochacis stercoraria n. sp. 5 . Black, highly polished and shining ; mandibles in the middle, an- tennae, legs and abdomen dark rufous ; the wings brownish yellow fading to hyaline in the radial cell and below, apically. Antennae T3-jointed, the seven apical joints larger, moniliform; third joint longer than fourth, twice as long as broad ; pedicel globular ; scape pyriform. Pronotum truncate in front ; collar costate, the carina emarginate in the middle ; three or four longitudinal radiating striae in the superior angle of the side of the pronotum where it joins the collar carina; below this is a dense brush of fulvous hairs as in Encoila; mesopleura as in Eucoila ; mesonotum entirely without furrows, ridges or punctures; fovea of the base of the scutellum divided by the carina at the base of the cupuliferous elevation, the cupule on the posterior face of the elevation; back of the fovea is a small oval shallow impression on either side. Second tergite with a ring of dense pubescence at base. Wings with median, transverse median, basal and radial veins fully developed; brown; second abscissa of radius straight, at right angles with the first ; from the angle of the radius obscure vestiges of veins extend in a curve apically and basally. The radial cell is open about its apical two-thirds on the wing margin, wings entirely without pubescence, apical margin entire and rounded. Length 3 -.5 mm., wing 3 mm. 179 $ . Similar to 9 ; antennae nearly as long as the body, 15-jointed, a little more slender apically, the joints beyond the fourth subequal in length, the fifth about three times as long as wide; third and fourth a little shorter, subequal. Described from 10 2 5 and 2 S 3 from cow dung in the vicinity of Capetown, April, 1915, or bred from the puparia of Musca lusoria and Lasiopyrellia cyanea. (Bridwell. ) The Lasiopyrellia, like the Musca, breeds in cow dung and emerges to pupate in the soil. They feed in colonies in the more putrescent portions of the dung and scatter when ready to emerge. The Bothrochacis enters the dung through interstices and attacks the full-fed larvae ready to emerge from the dung. Type and allotype is the South African Museum ; paratypes in the collection of the Hav/aiian Board of Agriculture and Forestry and in the authors' collection. From the description I was at first inclined to identify this with Bothrochacis erythropoda Cameron (Alba)iy Museum Records 1:164 S, 1904), also from the Cape, but the radius of that species is said to have the second abscir^sa roundly curved. In Keffer's tables (Gen. Ins. Cynipidae 1902), this species would run to Lytosema,- but Cameron's genus seems to differ from Kieffer's by the position of the cupule. This species does not appear to be able to parasitize any great percentage of the larvae of its hosts, since its movements are slow and uncertain. 180 Notes on Halictidae (Hymeuoptera).* BY J. C. KBIDWELL. NOTES AND EXHIBITIONS. Nesotocus cjiffavdi. — Mr. Bridwell exhibited a piece of wood of the tree, Cheirodendron gaudichaudii, collected on the Kaiimuahona Trail, showing the work of the larvae of this strange Cnrculionid and its characteristic pupal cell in the wood, and also gave some of the insect's habits, Dolicliurus stmitoni. — Mr. Williams reported the finding of this recently-introduced roach parasite on Lanihuli Ridge at 2000 feet elevation, and stated that he had also observed it on the flat behind Tantalus. Crabro tumidoventns. — Mr. Williams reported finding a nest of this wasp on Sugar-Loaf Hill back of Honolulu which continued specimens of the Mediterranean fruit-fly, Ceratitis capitata. Psyllidae. — Mr. Crawford offered some notes on Psyllids. stating that he was monographing the Psyllidae of the South Pacific, including the Hawaiian species. Samoan Insects. — Mr. Giffard exhibited anotber consign- ment of insects from American Samoan, this being the third lot received during the past few months. These insects were collected at the instance of Mr. Giffard by Dr. H. C. Kellers, U. S. iN"., and transmitted through Mr. Poyer, Governor of American Samoa. The collection as a whole included 1659 specimens and approximately 26Y species, distributed l>y Or- ders as follows: Hymenoptera, 99 speciments, 25 species; Diptera, 56 specimens, 22 species; Lepidoptera. 149 speci- mens, 42 species ; Coleoptera, 409 specimens, 83 ?pecies ; Ho- moptera, 645 specimens, 38 species; Heteroptera, 186 speci- mens, 29 species ; Orthoptera, 93 specimens, 20 species ; Odo- * Withdrawn for publication elsewhere. — [Ed.] Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i, June, 1919. 181 nata, 10 specimens, 5 species ; Xeiiroptera, 12 specimens, 3 species. In the collection, the following 25 species* have been noted which also occur in Hawaii : Hjmenoptera — Aijis mellifera L., Polisfes hehraeus Fab., Pison hospes Sm., Pison indiijennis Sm., Evania appendigaster (L.), Evania sericea Cam., Iscliio- goniis palliatus (Cam.), Encyrtus mfelix Emb. Diptera — Stegomyia scutellaris (Walk.), Gnamptopsilopus paiellifer Thorns., CMromyia (ScypheUa) flava L. Lepidoptera — A7io- sia enppus Cram., Plusia chalcites Esp.. Stoeberhinus testaceus Butl, Coleoptera — Necrohia rufipes Fab., Araecerus fascicula- his (De Geer), Rhahdocnemis ohscura (Boisd.). Heteroptera — Geotomus pygmaeus Dallas, Reduviolus capslformis (Germ.), Orthoptera — Gryllus oceanicus Le Guill, Periplaneia australa- siae Fab., Leucophaea surinamensis Fab., Phyllodromia notu- lata (Stal.), P. ohlusata Brunn., CheJisoches mono (Fab.). Kilauea Insecis. — Mr. Giffard exhibited a collection of insects made bv him at Kilauea last summer. Clerada apicicornis. — Mr. Ehrhorn reported finding this predacious bug in a pigeon's nest after the ne-;': had been vacant for six months. AcaJles sp. — Mr. Ehrhorn exhibited a specimen of this genus of Curculionid beetles found in decaying wood. Jassid on Amaranth. — Mr. Swezey reported finding on Amarantus spinosus growing by the roadside in Makiki Val- ley, the same Jassid exhibited by Mr. Ehrhorn at the previous meeting. Cryptophlehia illeplda in macadamia nut. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a specimen of this Tortricid moth bred from a maca- damia nut. Several of the nuts were brought in oy Mr. Hig- gins, ISTovember 19th, from Mr. Jordan's place on Wyllie street. The outer husk of the nut was being eaten oy lepidop- terous larvae feeding between it and the nut, in some cases * The determinations of these species were made by Messrs. Swezey, Bridwell and Timberlake.— [Ed.] 182 eating the nut somewhat also. Two of the moths were reared. This is another addition to the host plants of this moth. It feeds mostly in pods of Acacia famesiana and Acacia hoa, but has also been found in lima beans, Sapindus seeds, litchi nuts, and in the pulp of mangoes. Tenodera sinensis. — ]\[r. Swezey reported for Professor Bryan that one of his former boy scouts had brought Lim a specimen of the praying mantis, collected at Waikiki. Several times the young mantids have been liberated in Honolulu as they hatched from egg masses brought from Hawaii, but no adults have been previously collected here. Termites in telephone poles.— '^iv. Swezey reported tliat in examining telephone and electric light poles broken down in the recent severe wind storm, many of them were found to be badly eaten by termites. Three species were found : Calotermes mar gimp ennis, Cryptotermes sp. and Coptotermes gestrd. The latter when present was the most destrnctive, eating out the heart of a pole below the surface of the ground and forming immense colonies. Cryptotermes was found to have eaten from bottom to top of a 20-foot pole that had been up only five years. They fed chiefly in the outer part of the pole. 183 ANNUA"L ADDRESS.' Observations on the Sources of Hawaiian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera). BY P, H. TIMBERLAKE. In 1901 when Ashmead published his descriptions of the Hjmenoptera Parasitica of the Hawaiian Islands in the Fauna Ilawaiiensis, Vol. 1, Pt. 3, only five species of Encyrtidae^ were known to occur in these Islands. Of these one species was described by Cameron in 1886 from a specimen collected by Blackburn. This species, Encyiius insularis, belonging apparently to the new genus Botliriencyrtus,- has not been found since and is presumably an immigrant species that failed to become established. Two other species described as new are apparently endemic and may be known in the future as E chthrogonatopus molohaiensis and Nesencyrtus kaalae, having been wrongly referred by Ashmead to Microterys and Adelen- cyrtus respectively. The fourth species is considered to l)e the common Encyrtus infelix (Embleton) incorrectly identified by Ashmead as Encyrtus fuscus (Howard) and now known to be nearly cosmopolitan. A fifth species not mentioned by Ash- mead was described in 1898 by Dr. Howard as Blepyrus mars- deni, and which I have recently synonymized with Blepyrus mexicanus Howard. In 1907 Mr. Swezey published his observations and figure of a small Encyrtid, under the name of Ageniaspis species, which he found parasitizing the larvae of Odynerus nigripennis *The President being absent in Army service, the Vice-President gave the Annual Address. — [Ed.] 1 In the sense used here the Encyrtidae inchide only the group known as the Encyrtinae by most modern writers, to the exclusion of the Eupelmidae, Signiphoridae and Aphelinidae which have been associated with the Encyrtidae by some authorities. ~ The new genera and species mentioned will be described in an appendix to this paper. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i, June, 1919. 184 (Holmgren). 2 This and another very similar species, both apparently endemic, may be known as Coelopencyrtus swezeyi and odynei-i Timberlake. In his supplement to the Hymenoptera of the Fauna Ha- Avaiiensis, Vol. 2, Pt. 6, published nine years after the appear- ance of Ashmead's work, Dr. Perkins added nine species to the list, and in 1912 described Echthrogonatopus hawaiiensls a? a new endemic species.* During the following year, 1913, Mr. Fullaway described three new species from these Islands and records about five other unnamed species which had not been noted previously.^ In 1914 he recorded still another species taken on Laysan Isl- and under the name of Edroma species.** This proves to be a Xantlioencyrtus, closely allied to two other species taken on Oahu, and will be described later as X. laysanensis. One of Fullaway's species, Apentelicus I'otinshyi, proves to be tho male of the species previously recorded under the name of Micro- terys flavus, and as there are slight but constant differences to separate it from Howard's species, it may be known hereafter as Microterys Icotinskyi (Fullaway). It is possible that the true flavus is also established in the Islands, as I have seen a pair collected by Koebele on Hawaii. Mr. Fullaway also con- fused two species under his Aphycus terryi, one of which I have made the type of the genus, Pseudococcobius. His sup- posed male of terryi proves to be another species of Xanilioen- cyrius which may be known as X. fullawayi Timberlake. With these corrections we find that twenty-five species of En- cyrtidae have been recorded from the Islands up to the present time. In the last few years several other species have been collected or identified from earlier material so that now some forty-odd species are known to occur, or at least to have been collected here once, since the list includes two immie'rant or 3 Hawaiian Sugar Planters" Experiment Station. Ent. Bull. 5, p. 52, pi. 6, fig. 6. 4 Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station, Ent. Bull. 11, p. 17. 5 Ann. Rep. Hawaii Agric. Experiment Station, for 1912, pp. 26-28; and Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. Vol. 2, No. 5. p. 281. « Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc, Vol. 3, Xo. i. p. 21. 185 introduced species and possibly three or four which apparently failed to become established.' SOUKCES OF THE HaWAIIAX ExCYRTIDAE. The family is represented in the endemic fauna by species belonging in at least five genera, of which Anagyrus Howard has about a dozen to fifteen species falling in a rather distinct group almost worthy of generic distinction. Xanthoencyrtus Ashmead has three or possibly more species, none of them hav- ing been hitliertofore described and only one recorded under the name of Edroma species. Eclithrogonatopus Perkins has at least three species, E. hawaiiensis Perkins, E. molohaiensis (Ashmead) and one undescribed. The two remaining genera are represented by one or two species each, and are of unusual interest because of the structural peculiarities in the male sex. The first of these interesting and probably wholly endemic genera is Coelopencyrtus Timberlake with two species parasitic in the larvae of Odyiierus, one of which as already stated Mr. Swezey has noted and figured under the name of Ageniaspis species. The other genus and species is Nesencyrtus haalae (Ashmead), of which Dr. Williams has reared a large series from the larvae of N esoprosopis pubescens Perkins taken from an old rotten log near the Volcano House at Kilauea, Hawaii, in February, 1918. The immigrant and introduced species belong in about twenty genera and have come mostly from the Oriental and Australian regions apparently, although at least three were introduced from Xorth America, these being Helegonutopus 2)seudophanes Perkins, Saronotum aviericanum Perkins and Aphidencyrtus scliizonewae (Ashmead). Cameron's species Botliriencyrtus insularis is of uncertain origin although judg- ing by the descripttion it seems to be an ally of Bothriencyrtiis planiformis (Howard) of California, which is the type of this new s'enus. "These four species are Botliriencyrtus insularis (Cameron), Homalo- tylus flaminins (Dalman). Microtcrys flavus (Howard) auJ Contperiella bifasciata Howard. 186 The following species are assumed to have come from the Oriental, Polynesian or Australian regions, judging from their knowTi distribution, the range of their closest allies, or the dis- tribution of their hosts or food-plants of the hosts, Blepyrus mexicanus Howard, although described originally from ]\![exico, Texas and the Hawaiian Islands, I have seen from Manila, Philippine Islands, and Mr. P. Van der Goot has informed me that it also occurs in Java. Its host, Pseudococcus virgatus (Cockerell) is known from Mauritius, Ceylon, India and the Philippine Islands and undoubtedly has a wide range through- out the Orient, w^hence it was probably introduced together with its parasite into the Hawaiian Islands as well as into the warmer parts of America. Pauridia peregrinu Timberlake, a somewhat close ally of Blepyriis, is the species recorded by Mr. FuUaway under the names of Anagyrus species and Encyrtus species parasitic on "Pseudococcus citri." I have studied specimens of this species collected at Amoy, China, by Mr. C. P. Clausen, in Fiji by Mr. Muir, in California by Mr. H. S. Smith, and have also seen the characteristic wing mounted on a slide with another Encyrtid from Manila, Philippine Islands. Its host, Pseudo- coccus hrauhniae (Kuwana)^ was described from Japan and is presumably of Oriental origin. This parasite may have been brought in with its host from the Orient years ago, or possibly it was introduced from China by Compere in about 1908. Tanaomastix abnormis (Girault) was first introduced and liberated in large numbers about Honolulu during the winter of 1915-1916, and additional colonies were turned out later. Its establishment was considered doubtful for a time because of the usual scarcity of its regular host, Pseudococcus l-rauhniae (Kuwana). Recently, however, it has shown its adaptability to local conditions, as Mr. Rosa has reared a few specimens s This is the species referred to in the Hteratiire on Hawaiian Cocci- dae as Pseudococcus citri. but I have recently discovered that our species is really P. krauhniac (Kuwana), in accordance with the distinctions brought out by Ferris (The California Species of Mealy Bugs. Stanford University Publications, University Series, 1918, p. i~, 45, pi. i, fig. 8). 187 from Pseudococcus rirgatus (Cockerell), collected in Xovein- hew 1918, on the gronnds of the Sugar Planter.s' Expevinient Station. The species has thus become established from mate- rial received from California, whither it was brought original- ly from Sicily. It seems doubtful that the species is endemic in southern Europe, however, for its present known distribu- tion is becoming cosmopolitan. Mr. J. E. Horton has in- formed me by word of mouth that the species occurred in Louisiana before its introduction into California (the deter- mination, I believe, being by Mr. Girault), and I have pre- viously recorded the species from Okitsu, Japan. It is now my good fortune to be able to add Brisbane, Queensland, to its known distribution, from specimens collected by the late E. J. Vosler. On the whole, therefore, I am inclined to he- lieve in its Oriental, or possibly Australian origin, instead of South European. Encyrtus infelix (Embleton) is now known to be widely distributed over the world and probably has followed its host. Saissetiahemisphaerica (Targioni Tozzetti), into most regions where the latter has penetrated. It AA^ould be impossible now to point out the original home of either the parasite or its host with exactitude, yet I believe this must have lain somewhere in the tropics of the Old World and probably in the Asiatic region. In addition to the localities recorded in the last num- ber of our Proceedings from which I have seen this species, I have identified the species since from Rewa, Fiji (F. Muir) ; Brisbane, Queensland (E. J. Yosler) ; Tutuila, Samoa, near center of island (H. C. Kellers) ; and Manila, Philippine Islands (Geo. Compere). A second species of Encyrtus^ very closely allied to E. hi- colm- (Howard) but distinct in its much darker coloration and longer beard on the cheeks, has been present in the local collections for several years. This species, which may be known as Encyrtus harhatus Timberlake was collected in Hono- lulu by Alexander Craw in March, 1905, his specimens having been reared from Sais-'!chulskv aud Tomocera calif ornica Howard. Among our immigrant Encyrtids are two species of Aphij- cus which have escaped being recorded hithertofore. The most common species is Aphycus alberti Howard, which wa? de- scribed from Sydney, New South Wales, and has since been recorded from Southern California. As it is parasitic iu the widely distributed Coccus hesperidum Linne, and in closely allied species, it presumably has a much wider distribution than is kno^AH at present, and its place of origin will hardly ever be determined exactly. "Without much question, however, it originated somewhere in the warmer regions of the Old World and not necessarily in Australia, whither it may have been introduced as w^ell as into these Islands and California. Alberti has been found here only recently, as apparently the first specimen was reared by Mr. Swezey from Coccus longulus (Douglas) on velvet bean from the Experiment Station grounds in October, 1914. The other species is Aphycus cJavi- ger Timberlake, described from Auckland, Xew Zealand, l^othing is known of the habits of this species but as it is a close ally of alberti it may have similar habits. The local record is based on a pair of specimens collected by the writer on a side spur of the main ridge leading up to Mt. Lanihuli. Oahu, on September 3, 1916. Three specimens were seen running about on a slender withe of a species of Kadua, one of which leaped away before it could be captured. The Kadua twig and surrounding shrubbery w^ere carefully examined for the host of these parasites, but no coccids of any kind were discovered. Microterys I'otinshyi (Fullaway) and M. flavus (Howard) are species of almost certain Oriental origin. Kotinshyi is very closely allied to flavus which has been recorded from Ceylon and which I have seen also from Japan, as well as other spe- cies nearly identical from Fiji and the Philippine Islands. Our collections of Microterys from those parts of the world. 190 however, are much too meager to shed much light on the dis- tribution, interrelationships and possible intergradations of the species or forms allied to flavus. Aphycomorpha araucariae Timberlake was reared first in July, 1906, by Mr. Kotinsky from Etiococcus amucaria'' Mas- kell collected on the grounds of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry at Honolulu, his rearing being represented by four broken specimens. More recently Mr. Fullaway has reared a small series from the same locality and host, and I obtained a few specimens from the Moanalua Gardens in May, 1918. As the host and food-plant of the host in this case are both of Australian or jSTew Zealand origin there can be but little doubt that the parasite also was derived from that part of the world Comperiella hifasciata Howard was introduced at Honolulu in 1908 from the Orient, presumably from China, as noted by Kotinsky in the Hawaiian Forester and Agriculturist, Vol. 5, p. 148, July, 1908. A single specimen, however, was reared before that time in August, 1905, by Kotinsky from an Aspidi- otus on Bomhax celba. The species has never been taken since and its establishment here is therefore doubtful. It was re- corded by Fullaway as Cerapterocerus species on Aspidiotus. Anicetus aunidatiis Timberlake has been established in the Islands apparently for a considerable period of years, as it is Avidely distributed on Oahu and Kauai. It is nevertheless rarely taken and the specimens in the local collections are few in number. The earliest specimen that I have seen w^as reared by Mr. Fullaway, April 25, 1912, supposedly from Saissetia hemisphaerica (Targ.), but this host record is probably incor- rect as all the subsequent reared specimens have come from Eucalymnii (Howard"* or A. pseudococci (Girault), being moderately thin fronto-occipitally with the dorsal surface well rounded ; frontovertex nearly twice as long as wide at the posterior ocelli ; the ocelli arranged in an equilateral triangle or nearly so, the posterior pair nearly their own diameter from the eye- margins and about twice as far from the occipital margin; eyes rather large, broadly oval, somewhat diverging anteriorly ; face and cheeks not over one-half as long as the eyes ; the scrobes forming narrow sulci slightly converging above. Antennae inserted close to the clypeal mar- gin; scape broadly expanded beneath with its lower margin nearly uni- formly rounded, about one-half as wide as long; pedicel nearly equal to the first funicle joint; funicle cylindrical, increasing slightly in thick- ness distad with the joints becoming successively shorter, the first three times as long as wide, the sixth a little longer than wide; club oval and nearly as long as the last three funicle joints combined. Pronotum arcuate, the posterior margin acutely emarginate medially ; posterior margin of the mesoscutum sinuate on each side of the middle. Abdomen as long as the thorax, the ovipositor not protruded. Wings broad, reaching well beyond apex of abdomen; marginal vein fully thrice as long as thick and nearly equal to the slender stigmal, the postmarginal a little longer than the stigmal ; speculum broad and widely separated from the posterior margin of the wing. Sculpture finely granular-alutaceous, finer on the mesopleura, slightly coarser on the abdomen, the venter becoming smoother at apex. Eyes with a short, thick, blackish pile; head and thorax covered with a rather thick, appressed, subsquamous pubescence of short, white hair; *These descriptions were prepared as an appendix to the preceding paper. Records are brought up to date of publication. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i. June. 1919. 198 the sides and venter of abdomen clothed with a moderately long, soft, whitish pubescence. Length: 1.09 to 2.0 mm. Head dull yellow, the cheeks brownish to blackish, the center and lower part of occiput black ; thorax brownish yellow, often darker or becoming decidedly brownish on the axillae and scutellum ; propodeum, metapleura and abdomen more or less dark brown or brownish black. Antennae black, the scape with an annulus at base near the radicle joint and an oblique band before the apex white. Legs paler yellowish than the body, the coxae pale brown, the upper margin of the front and hind femora and tibiae often slightly brownish, the apex of the last joint of the tarsi dark brown or blackish. Wings hyaline, the veins dark brown. Male : Head considerably thinner than in the female ; the eyes much smaller and not greatly longer than wide ; f rontovertex a little wider than long; the ocelli in an obtuse-angled triangle, the posterior pair fully their own diameter from the 'eye-margins and about one-third as much removed from the occipital margin ; face and cheeks proportionately longer than in the female; the scorbes in the form of short, parallel sulci reaching to the middle of eyes. Antennae inserted much more re- motely from the clypeal margin or on a level with the lower corners of the eyes ; the scape much shorter and narrower, being about a third as wide as long ; pedicel hardly longer than thick ; flagellum cylindrical, not thickened distad ; the funicle joints incised on the upper side at the articulations, the first joint about four times as long as thick, the follow- ing joints somewhat shorter; each joint with a full whorl of long hair at the base and a half whorl at apex on upper side ; club solid, as long as the last two funicle joints combined, pointed at apex, with hardly verticillate hair gradually shortening towards apex, the lower margin on basal half set with a row of five short, clavate hairs. Abdomen smaller, depressed and plane above, the venter with a median plica. Wings shorter and proportionately wider, the marginal vein much shorter or about one-half as long as the stigmal. Pubescence of face somewhat thicker, that of the frontovertex a little longer and more erect. Length: .6g to 1.29 mm. Head yellow, the frontovertex orange yellow with the ocellar region more or less black; face with a more or less distinct, narrow, transverse brownish band between the lower corners of the eyes; scrobes, ventral margin of the cheeks and most of the occiput black; dorsum of thorax, metapleura and abdomen brownish black, the mesonotal sutures laterally more or less yellowish ; mesopleura and sternum brownish yellow, the propleura brighter yellow. Legs and wings as in female; the antennae blackish with apical half of the flagellum often yellowish brown, the basal third of the scape and lower margin at apex white, the two pale areas often connected along the lower margin on the inner side. 199 Described from 22 females, 19 males (type, allotype and paratypes) all except one pair taken at various localities on Oahu at all elevations (Swezey and Timberlake) ; one pair (paratypes) taken on Pun Kapele, Kauai (Swezey). The type and allotype were reared experimentally from Pseudo- coccus lounsburyi Brain from a female captured on Kaumuo- hona, Oahu (Timberlake). It has been reared experimentally also from Pseudococcus longispinus (Targ.) and under natural conditions from P. montanus Ehrhorn, P. galUcola Ehrhorn and Ripersia palmarum Ehrhorn. It has been found asso- ciated also with Trionymus insulans Ehrhorn on Eragrostis variabilis. The oldest specimen seen is a female taken in Ho- nolulu, Mar. 10, 1910 (Swezey). Anagyrus swezeyi n. sp. Female : Head subhemispherical, rather thin fronto-occipitally, the curvature seen in side view nearly uniform from occipital to oral margin, the outline in frontal view nearly circular, with the eyes somewhat pro- tuberant below ; frontovertex about a fourth longer than wide ; ocelli in a right-angled triangle, the posterior pair about one-half more than their own diameter from the eye-margins and about one-half as far from the occipital margin ; eyes rather narrowly oval, a little wider and very slightly diverging anteriorly ; face slightly inflexed and concave below the middle of the eyes, the scorbes in the form of two narrow, deep grooves converging above but not nearly meeting; cheeks short or about equal to the width of the eyes. Antennae inserted close to the clypeal mar- gin ; scape compressed and about one-third as wide as long excluding the radicle joint, its lower margin uniformly rounded; pedicel slender and as long as the first funicle joint; funicle slender, cylindrical and increasing slightly in thickness distad, the first joint about three times as long as thick, the following joints about equal and a third shorter than the first; club a little thicker than the funicle, and as long as the two preceding joints and one-half the fourth combined. General form of body slender and somewhat elongate; pronotum arcuate; posterior margin of the mesoscutum slightly bisinuate on each side of the middle; scutellum not much longer than wide and rather acute at apex. Abdomen about a fourth longer than the head and thorax combined, very narrowly triangular as seen from above; oviposi- tor sheaths shortly protruded. 200 Wings reaching slightly beyond apex of abdomen, narrow; marginal vein about twice as long as thick and nearly as long as the stigmal, the latter short and straight, with short, narrow spur at apex, the post- marginal vein very short ; discal ciliation very dense, the speculum very oblique and narrow and broadly interrupted below the middle. Head, pro- and mesonotum opaquely alutaceous ; the propodeum and pleura less opaque and microscopically granular-reticulate, the abdomen somewhat more coarsely granular-reticulate, the ventrites much smoother and more or less polished especially on the last segment. Eyes with a short, thick brownish pile ; head, notum, metapleura and sides of abdomen covered with a thick, appressed, short white pubescence. Length: i.ii to 1.57 mm. (or 1.66 with abdomen distorted). Head yellow ocher (Ridgway), the clypeal margin, cheeks and post- orbital margin paler; a small dot between eyes and base of antennae, the occiput except dorsally and centrally, and the occipital margin of cheeks black; pro- and mesonotum clove brown (Ridgway) often suf- fused with yellowish on the sides of the scutum and at apex of scu- tellum ; propodeum nearly black ; pleura and sternum yellow ocher, the propleura paler yellowish, the metapleura dusky; prepectal plate and tegulae mostly white ; abdomen clove brown, more yellowish brown within the dor.sal concavity at base, the sides sometimes suffused with yellowish above, the ventrites when exposed in distorted specimens brownish yellow. Radicle joint of antennae black; the scape white, with a very narrow annulus close to base, a broad oblique band at the middle and the extreme apex black ; basal half of pedicel and first funicle joint black, rest of pedicel and next two funicle joints white, last three funicle joints blackish brown, the fourth often paler or even whitish at base; club pale yellow. Legs nearly concolorous with the mesopleura or a little paler, the last joint of the tarsi blackish. Wings hyaline, the veins brown. Male : Head much thinner than in the female ; the eyes much smaller, frontovertex nearly twice as wide as long ; the ocelli in a slightly obtuse- angled triangle, the anterior ocellus close to anterior margin of the frontovertex, the posterior pair nearly twice their own diameter from the eye-margin and somewhat less than half as far from the occipital margin ; cheeks and face considerably longer, the latter more deeply con- cave between the lower part of the eyes, the scrobes very shallow, rather indistinct and not convergent. Antennae inserted remotely from the clypeal margin on a level with the lower corners of the eyes, scape proportion- ately nearly as long as in female but much narrower, being nearly linear ; pedicel hardly longer than thick ; flagellum slender and cylindrical ; first funicle joint about five times as long as thick, the following joints gradually shortening, the sixth about three times as long as thick ; club nearly as long as last two funicle joints, acute at apex and solid ; the whole flagellum clothed with moderately long erect hair gradually short- ening towards apex, arranged somewhat indistinctly in about six whorls on the first funicle joint, in four on following two joints, hi three on the 201 last three funicle joints, and more scattered on the club; the under side of the sixth funicle joint set with a row of about eight or nine short, erect, clavate hairs including one or two on the base of the club. Abdomen, depressed, triangular, cordate at base and truncate at apex, the ventral plica strongly developed. Wings relatively wider than in female, the disk considerably less densely and more coarsely ciliated. Head very finely rugosely reticulate on the face and slightly more coarsely rugulose on the frontovertex ; mesopleura minutely reticulate ; the first tergite of abdomen with much more evident and coarser reticu- lations than in the female. Head much less pubescent, the face and cheeks with only a sparse pubescence, the frontovertex narly bare ; the abdomen entirely free from the white, appressed pubscence of female, and with only a few scattered, soft hairs on the dorsum. Length: .58 to 1.05 mm. Head brownish black, slightly shiny, the facial ridge more brownish, face and clypeal margin below the antennae and most of the cheeks strontian yellow (Ridgway) ; thorax and abdomen black, the notum slightly shiny, the dorsum of abdomen with an iridescent luster. Anten- nae brownish black, the flagellum more brownish, the base of scape yel- low. Legs pale yellow ; the coxae fuscous except at apex; the front and hind tarsi somewhat brownish on the upper side, becoming darker at apex; the last two joints of the middle tarsi rather dark brown. Wings as in the female. Described from 31 females, 38 males (type, allotype, an. 3451. This species is common in Honolulu, and in the several thousand specimens that I have reared no males have been de- tected. 209 ENCYRTINI. Encyrtus barbatus n. sp. Very closely allied to bicolor (Howard) and similar struct- urally except as follows: Face in the female distinctly trans- versely lineolate, the beard on the cheeks considerably longer and more conspicuous, the bristles on the sides of the abdomen and towards the apex somewhat longer and more prominent. Female: Head shaped as in bicolor (Howard), infelix (Embleton) and allied species ; the transverse carina separating the frons and face extending outward to the lower corners of the eyes, the middle portion of the median indentation of this carina curved slightly downward to- wards the mouth ; the longitudinal carina on the cheeks and postorbital region, very distinct and extending considerably in front of the eyes; carina connecting the posterior ocelli straight or slightly arcuate ; anten- nae, thorax, wings, legs and abdomen as in allied species. Frontovertex finely, transvrsely lineolate with distinct, scatte-ed and remote punctures ; face more coarsely, transversely rugoso-lineolate and more or less reticulate on the median part, but becoming smoothish above within the indentation of the transverse carina ; thorax finely granular alutaceous, with the propodeum smooth and polished except at the sides ; the pro- and metapleura and abdomen delicately reticulate ; the meso- pleura microscopically reticulate or appearing smooth and polished under moderate magnification. Trontovertex with a fine whitish scattered pubescence arising from the punctures, the face with a similar pubescence ; cheeks with a beard of long, black, bristle-like hair, apex of clypeus and base of mandibles with somewhat shorter black hairs, posterior margin of the pronotum, and the mesoscutum rather densely covered with recumbent black hair changing to white on the posterior half of the scutum ; axillae and tegulae with moderately long, black, bristle-like hair ; base of the scu- tellum with a fine, soft, whitish pubescence with a few much longer pale- colored hairs in front of the apical black fascicle ; sides of the abdomen with several very long black hairs besides the vibrissae, the apex with shorter whitish hair. Length: 1.67 to 2.13 mm. Head nearly raw* sienna (Ridgway) but more or less infuscated espe- cially on the frontovertex which becomes brownish to quite fuscous, the cheeks on and just below the carina black; pleura of thorax nearly pure raw sienna, always clearer yellowish than the head ; notum of thorax about ochraceous orange (Ridgway) with the posterior margin of the pronotum, usually the anterior margin of the scutum, posterior half or more of the scutum and declivous portion of the axillae black, the basal margin of the scutellum often blackish ; rest of the scutum more reddish 210 or about xanthine or Mars orange (Ridgway), forming a narrow, more or less arcuate transverse band on the anterior part; in paler specimens the band is wider or reaching practically to the anterior margin of the scutum, and the axillae and scutellum are entirely orange yellow; propo- deum concolorous, somewhat dusky with a bright luster; abdomen shining blue black above with a strong luster, and with a greenish luster beneath. Antennae dark brown to black, the scape pale yellowish or whitish with its dorsal margin and the lower margin of the radicle joint black. Front and hind coxae, most of the front and middle femora and of the hind tarsi white or yelowish white; dorsal and ventral margins of the front femora, their tibiae and tarsi fuscous ; middle coxae, upper side of middle femora and base of their tibiae blackish, the tibiae chang- ing to brownish yellow at apex with the spur and tarsi concolorous ; hind femora brownish yellow becoming blackish on the dorsal margin or almost entirely blackish, the hind tibiae and basal half or sometimes only the basal fourth or fifth of the first joint of their tarsi black; apex of the middle and hind tarsi blackish. Wings deeply infuscated with the usual hyaline area beyond the transverse fascicle of hair, the hind wings entirely hyaline; the veins fuscous, but the apical part of the submarginal vein hyaline, coterminous with the hyaline area of the disk. Male : Quite dissimilar from the female in many respects. The head much thinner fronto-occipitally, with the eyes much smaller; carinae of the face, cheeks, and vertex entirely absent ; frontovertex about twice as wide as long with the ocelli arranged in an extremely obtuse triangle, the median ocellus being hardly more than twice as far from the occipi- tal margin as the posterior pair which are rather remote from the eyes. Antennae inserted higher up on the face ; the scape short, flattened and widened towards apex ; pedicel short or no longer than thick ; flagellum cylindrical and slightly thicker than the pedicel ; fimicle joints nearly equal in length, about twice as long as thick, incised at the articulations and each with two whorls of long hair ; club solid, nearly as long as the two preceding joints combined, tapering towards the acute apex, and clothed with long hair which gradually shortens towards the apex. Thorax nearly as in the female, but the axillae much less elevated and not so strongly or abruptly declivous posteriorly; abdomen a little shorter than the thorax, strongly depressed, subtriangular with the sides equal and the basal corners and apex rounded. Wings without the transverse band of hairs on the basal half, the disk uniformly ciliated; the speculum widening towards the posterior margin and interrupted below the middle ; marginal vein slightly longer than in the female, the postmarginal pro- portionately much longer, the stigmal, although by no means short, is relatively somewhat shorter than in the female, and hardly longer than half the postmarginal. Sculpture as in the female, except that the head is granular alutaceous and opaque like the thorax. Pubescence on the face and frontovertex similar, but the black beard on the cheeks, clypeus and mandibles entirely absent ; mesoscutum and axillae with short, rccumlient black hair, the 211 posterior margin of the pronotuna with similar whitish hair ; scutellum with scattered black hair and a fine, silky, pale pubescence on the basal margin, the apical fascicle of hair very much shorter and sparser than in the female ; abdomen provided with a fine, soft, sparse pubescence above, and with three long, bristle-like, blackish hairs on each side behind the middle, which shorten toward the apex; the' vibrissae subbasal and very long. Length : .91 to 1.45 mm. Frontovertex deep chrome (Ridgway), face and cheeks creamy white; center of occiput and postorbital region connecting with a spot on cheeks next to the eyes black; notum of thorax ochraceous orange (Ridgway) with the pronotum except laterally, an oval to subtriangular mark on the anterior part of the scutum usually reaching about to the middle, more rarely to the base, sometimes the axillae medially and scutellum on basal margin, a spot on apex of scutellum sometimes connecting with the basal spot, the nietanotum and the middle part of the propodeum black ; abdo- men black, with the lateral margins from the vibrissal plates to apex yellow. Antennae dusky yellowish, the scape pale yellowish with the lower margin at base including the whole radicle joint and the dorsal margin on apical half black, the base of pedicel blackish. Front legs, the middle legs except coxae, and the hind coxae and femora yellowish white ; upper margin of the front femora dusky, their tibiae and tarsi slightly more brownish ; the middle tibiae on basal half except at the extreme base somewhat fuscous ; the middle coxae, apex of the last joint of the front and middle tarsi, dorsal margin of the hind femora except at base, and the hind tibiae and tarsi black. Front and hind wings entirely hyaline, the veins very pale or dilutely fuscous. Described from 1 female, 4 males (type, allotype and ])ara- types) reared from Saissetia hemisphaerica (Targ.), on ferns, Honohilu, Oaliii, March, 1905 (Alexander Craw) ; 7 females. 6 males (paratypes) reared from Saissetia nigra (i^ietner) on ferns, Honolulu, 'Nov., 1917, to Feb., 1918 (Fullawaj) ; 1 pair (paratypes), Palolo Valley, Oahn, Dec. 26, 1914 (Swezey) ; 2 females (paratypes), Honolulu, Oct. 10, 1915, and Dec. 10. 1917 (Swezey, Timberlake) ; 7 females (paratypes) from Sais- setia hemisphaerica on coleus, and 3 females, 5 males (para- types) from Saissetia nigra on ferns, Honolulu, May 6-18, 1919 (Timberlake). Also from the following foreign material : 1 female, 1 male (paratypes), Manila, Philippine Islands (G. Compere) ; 4 females (paratypes), Larat, Dec, 1907 (F. Muir) and 1 213 female (paratype), Pekalougan, Java (F. Muir). The speci- mens from Java and Larat have the first joint of the hind tarsi black only at the base, and the hind femora are variable in the extent of infnscation as in the local specimens. MIRINI. Bothriencyrtus n. g. Female: Head moderately thin fronto-occipitally, subhemispherical, the curvature as seen in side view nearly uniform from oral to occipital margin with the eyes anteriorly somewhat protuberant, and facial outline sinuate; in frontal view appearing considerably wider than long, the frons and each eye about equally wide, the occipital margin transverse, the cheeks rounded and convergent towards the broad and truncate oral margin ; occiput rather deeply concave, its dorsal margin sharply angled with the vertex; frontovertex flattened, a little longer than wide, the ocelli in an obtuse-angled triangle, the anterior one considerably behind the center, the posterior pair almost touching the occipital margin and a little more than their own diameter from the eye-margins; eyes very broadly oval, broadly rounded at each end, their long axis parallel with the plane of the frontovertex ; cheeks not short, and as seen in side view of head wide; face as broad as long, slightly hollowed out, with the upper limit of the concavity gradually passing into the contour of the frontovertex between the anterior corners of the eyes, just below with a shallow but distinct transverse groove connecting the extreme anterior inner corners of the eyes, on each side a rather sharp carina descending towards the mouth from the eyes, the antennal scrobes form- ing rather deep grooves, hardly convergent, passing into the transverse groove above, and separated throughout by a broad, rounded, and but slightly elevated prominence. Antennae inserted far apart rather close to the clypeal margin, and moderately long, somewhat clavate ; scape reach- ing about to the middle of the eyes, slender, flattened and a little wid- ened towards apex; pedicel nearly equal to the first two funicle joints combined; first funicle joint slender and about a half longer than thick, the following joints about equal and a little shorter than the first, grad- ually widening distad, the second slightly longer than thick, the last two slightly wider than long; club wider than the funicle and obliquely truncate as in Bothriothorax. Mandibles broad at apex, with three strong acute teeth, the middle on somewhat the longest with other two some- what diverging from it. Thorax but slightly convex above, the scutum, axillae and scutellum lying in one plane ; axillae transverse, acute within and moderately widely separated; scutellum rather wide and large, a little longer than wide, and rounded at apex, the sides gradually sloping, but becoming abruptly declivous towards apex which is strongly elevated above the 213 metanotum ; propodeum verj- short and declivous at the middle, also declivous and moderately long at the sides, the metapleura rather large and forming an acute angle with the dorsal surface of the propodeum. Abdomen depressed, broadly ovate, slightly longer than wide and some- what shorter than the thorax, the ap«x acute ; vibrissal plates situated a little before the middle ; ovipositor protruded about one-fourth the length of the abdomen, the sheaths slender and cylindrical ; the iifth ventrite reaching to the apex and enclosing the base of the ovipositor. Legs about normal in length and structure ; middle tibiae considerably thickened at apex, the spur short and stout or hardly more than one-half as long as the first tarsal joint, which is a little thickened; the hind tibiae with a small but distinct spur. Wings broad ; the marginal vein punctiform and emitting the stigmal before quite reaching the margin, postmarginal vein very short, the stigmal moderately long, not enlarged at apex but with a small spur. Frontovertex and mesoscutum with shallow, thimble-like punctures as in Bothriothorax over a reticulate, shining surface; face delictaeiy sha- greened and lineolate, transversely between the eyes, longitudinally on the prominence between the antennae and obliquely laterad of the anten- nal sockets, the scrobes and transverse groove smooth or nearly smooth ; cheeks and postorbital region more coarsely longitudinally lineolate, enclosing a smooth area at the anterior orbits of the eyes ; notum of thorax and the mesopleura finely, regularly reticulate, the axillae showing a slight trace of the thimble-punctures, the scutellum none ; orepectal plates and tegulae more coarsely reticulate, the latter also more irregu- larly ; the metapleura more finely reticulate than the mesopleura ; abdo- men above about as coarsely reticulate as the prepectal plates. Colora- tion metallic, the head in large part strongly refulgent, the thorax much less shining, the abdomen but little more than the thorax ; wings hyaline. Genotype: Bothriothorax planifrons Howard. This genus without question is closely allied to Bothriothor- ax, but may be recognized by the peculiarities in the shape and structure of the head. Bothriencyrtus insularis (Cameron). Encyrtus insularis Cameron, Mem. Manchester Lit. k Phil. Soc, Vol. 10 (8rd Ser.), 1886, p. 243. Bothriothorax insularis Ashmead, Fauna Hawaiiensis, Vol. 1, Pt. 4, 1001, p. 321. Blepyrus insularis Perkins, Fauna Hawaiiensis, Vol. 1, Pt. (), 1913, p. evi. Insularis is placed in Bothriencyrtus somewhat doubtfully as it is known only by description. If Cameron was right in 214 asserting that his specimen Avas a male and resembled Bofhrio- thorax in some respects it may rightfully belong here, although the venation apparently is quite different, but perhaps not more so that sometimes occurs in opposite sexes within certain genera.^ Cameron states that this species Avas found by Blackburn on several Islands, and if still present in the Isl- ands and in our collections it can hardly be anything but Blepyrus, although I am quite unable to reconcile Blepyrus Avith Cameron's description. Quaylea n. g. Female : Head moderately thick, with the dorsal surface strongly convex, the face reflexed but the f rons not prominent ; in side view appearing triangular except that the dorsal side is rounded, the facial and dorsal sides subequal and considerably shorter than the occipital side ; in frontal view appearing fully rounded above but becoming some- what narrowed towards the mouth below the eyes; occiput slightly concave, with the neck inserted at the center ; eyes medium-sized, touch- ing the occipital margin posteriorly, and descending half way to the oral margin as seen in frontal view of head, in shape subtriangular with bulging sides and wider anteriorly, the inferio-posterior margin longest, the other two sides subequal ; frontovertex moderately narrow, about two and a half times as long as wide and a little narrowed at the anterior ocellus ; ocelli rather large, in an actue-angled triangle, the pos- terior pair touching the eye-margins and about their own diameter from the occipital margin, the anterior ocellus at the center of the fronto- vertex ; cheeks about as long as the width of the eyes, with a short, delicate genal suture descending from the eyes ; face about as wide as long, and as long as one-half of the head, the oral margin moderately wide and arched from side to side, the antennae separated by a low, rounded longitudinal ridge, the scrobes in the form of short, rather broad and deep impressions converging above and meeting acutely between the anterior corners of the eyes. Antennae inserted rather far apart and near the clypeal margin, rather short and slightly clavate ; scape short or hardly reaching beyond the facial inflexion, compressed but not expanded beneath, the radicle joint about a third as long as the scape proper; pedicel of usual shape and a little less than twice as long as the first funicle joint, funicle joints except the last somewhat longer than wide and increasing slightly in thickness distad, the first joint shortest, the sixth about as wide as long; club oval, three-jointed, a little wider than the funicle and as long as the last three funicle joints com- iFor an example of this divergence in venation in tlie sexes consult the description of the male of Eitcyrtus harbatus aljove. 215 bined. Alandibles rather small, short and thick, tridentate at apex, with the lower tooth acute and rather long, the other two less acute and sep- arated by a shallow emargination. Maxillary palpi four-jointed, the first three joints subequal, the first very slender at base, the fourth about twice as long as the third and triangular ; labial palpi with three short joints, the first longest, the second shortest. Thorax rather robust, convex above ; pronotum and mesoscutuni of usual shape ; axillae short, transverse and acutely meeting or nearly so ; scutellum rather large and acutely rounded at apex, strongly elevated and depressed on the disk, the sides abruptly declivous towards the base and more convex towards the apex ; propodeum short at the middle, but lengthening towards the sides ; metapleura not very large but reach- ing to the hind coxae, the metepimeron visible as a narrow sclerite between the meso- and metapleura ; prepectal plates strongly chitinized and separated below from the mesopleura by a narrow sclerite which is probably a part of the mesosternum. Abdomen triangular, strongly depressed, hardly more than half as long as the thorax ; the vibrissal plates located about one-half way be- tween the base and middle; tlie fifth ventrite not compressed but pro- duced after death beyond the apex of the dorsum and enclosing the base of the ovipositor ; protruded portion of the latter nearly as long as the abdomen, the sheaths slender and terete. Wings with uniform discal ciliation, the marginal fringe short, the speculum distinct and wider below ; costal cell rather wide ; marginal vein about twice as long as thick, the stigmal about a third longer, the postmarginal a little longer than the stigmal ; hind wings with the costal cell narrow throughout but reaching to the booklets. Legs moderately long and slender ; the middle tarsi with well developed spines on the plantar surface, the tibial spur as long as the first tarsal joint ; hind tibiae with two apical spurs of which the inner is much the longer. Sculpture very finely reticulate ; the frontovertex with four rows of small punctures, the mesonotum including scutellum with numerous, mi- nute setigerous punctures ; scutellum more coarsely reticulate but becom- ing smoother and somewhat polished on the sides and apex; basal tergite of abdomen about as coarsely reticulate as the scutellum. Eyes with a very fine, short pubescence ; mesonotal pubescence rather long and bristle-like but not conspicuous ; propodeum and metapleura bare except for a few whitish, fine hairs just behind and laterad of the spiracles; abdomen rather coarsely pubescent, the apex of the l.-^st ter- gite with a double row of moderately long bristle-like hairs; the ovi- positor sheaths finely pubescent. Coloration metallic black. Male : Similar to the female with the head thinner and wider, the eyes smaller and more oval; the frontovertex much wider or as wide as long; the ocelli considerably larger, arranged in an equilateral tri- angle, the posterior pair touching the eye-margins and less than half their diameter from the occipital margin ; scrobes converging, nearly meeting, 216 and then running parallel to each other for a short distance. Antennae inserted slightly higher up on the face yet still considerably below the level of the eyes ; scape shorter and not quite so wide ; pedicel no longer than thick and about one-half as long as the first funicle joint; funicle slender, the joints decreasing slightly in length distad, the basal joints twice as long as thick: club solid, slender, as long as the last two joints of funicle combined; the funicle and club to a less extent clothed with long, erect and numerous hairs above, and with considerably shorter, nearly decumbent hairs beneath. Sculpture about the same, except that the frontovertex is more coarsely or rugosely reticulate with scattered pin-punctures. Coloration the same with the metallic luster weaker. Genotype: Cerclii/sius ii'hittieri Giranlt, which ^\irhout clonl)t is Ashmead's manuscript species, Hemencyytus nuivii. This genns, which is dedicated to Prof, H. J. Quayle, who first made known the life-history of the type species, is most closely related to the Hemencyrtus Ashmead and mnch les.s closely I believe to Cerchysius Westwood. The species belonging here are secondary parasites of Coeci- (lae and parasitize the larvae of various other chalcid-flies such as ScideUisfa, Tomocem and Microterys. They pupate within the larval skin of their host which they transform into a brown pupa rinm-1 ike shell. Quaylea aliena n. sp. Female: Very closely structurally to Q. zchitticri (Girault). on which the generic description is solely based, and differs only as follows : the frontovertex a trifle wider with the orbital row of pin-punctures less distinct; the pedicel twice as long as the first funicle joint, which is not over one-half as long as the second and about as long as wide, the fol- lowing four funicle joints subequal in length and increasing slightly in width distad, each a trifle longer than wide, the sixth as wide as long and a trifle shorter than the preceding joint; the double, marginal fringe of hairs on the last tergite very much shorter and inconspicuous. Length excluding ovipositor: .gi to 1.96 mm. Coloration as in ii'hittieri except that the mesonotum has a bluish and purplish luster instead of greenish ; the frontovertex slightly more bluish, and the luster throughout more brilliant. Head deep blue-black, the frontovertex with a blue-green luster ; notum of thorax bluish black, the scutellum and metapleura aeneous black with a strong green or bronzy green luster, the smooth sides and apex of scutellum and the metapleura refulgent, the underparts of thorax otherwise shining black; abdomen black, the dorsum and especially the basal tergite with a strong blue and 217 greenish luster; the ovipositor black. Antennae black, the flagellum ap- pearing somewhat duller on acount of the grey pubescence. Legs black with the front knees very narrowly, apex of front tibiae, middle trochan- ters, a narrow annulus near base and apex of middle femora and apical fourth of the middle tibiae wtih spur and tarsi yellowish, the fringe of spines at apex of the middle tibiae and the plantar surface of the middle tarsi more reddish brown ; front tarsi yellowish brown, the hind tarsi dark brown. Wings hyaline, the veins fuscous with the submarginal more yellowish. Male : Differs structurally from the male of zvliitticri as follows : Frontovertex a little wider, and the pin-punctures less distinct ; antennae considerably shorter, the scape and pedicel about the same, but the first funicle joint hardly longer than the pedicel, no longer and a little nar- rower than the sixth joint, the second to fourth joints nearly twice as long as wide the fifth a trifle shorter than the sixth, the latter about a half longer again than thick, the club equal to the last two funicle joints combined. • Length : .93 to 1.09 mm. Coloration similar to that of the female (and practically identical with the male of zchitficri) but the face except in the scrobes has a greenish luster instead of deep blue, and the metallic luster except on the head, the scutellum and metapleura is somewhat weaker, especially on the dorsum of the abdomen. Described from 4 females (type and paratypes) collected on weeds infested with Saissetia nigra (Nietner), Hcnoluhi, Oahii, Jnly 7, 1916 (Timberlake) ; 7 females, 5 males (para- types) reared from the same host, Honolulu, May 22 to June 6, 1919 (Timberlake) ; 2* females (paratypes, one with head missing) reared from ScideUista cyanea Motschulsky, Hono- lulu, Feb., 1906 (Kotinsky) ; 2 females (paratypes) reared from Asterolecanium species on bamboo, Honolulu, Sept., 1905 (Kotinsky) ; 2 females, 1 male (pal-atypes) reared from Aste- rolecanium pustulans (Cockerell), Honolulu, Dec, 1915 (Ehr- horn) ; 1 male (allotype) reared from the above Coccid, Dia- mond Head, Oahu, April 7, 1918 (Swezev) ; 3 females (para- types) reared from Coccus viridis (Green) on coffee, Kona, Hawaii, Dec, 1915, Aug. 25, 1916, and Sept. 8, 1916 (Pem- berton) ; 1 male (paratype) reared from Saissetia hemisjJweri- ca (Targ.), Kona, Hawaii, Dec, 1915 (Pemberton) ; and 1 female (paratype) on Dodonaea. Kilauea, Hawaii, June 27, 1917 (Swezey). 218 This species is parasitic in various Coccids, but I have no- doubt that it is ahvavs secondary. In the Asterolecanium it works undoubtedlv on Tomocera californica Howard and in Saisseiia and Coccus it probably parasitizes Microterys l-otin- skyi (Fullaway) and possibly both species of Encyrtus, as well as the Scutellista and Tomocera. Coelopencyrtus n. g. Female : Head as wide as the thorax, moderately thin f ronto-occipi- tally, strongly convex above, the occiput slightly concave with the neck inserted near the center, the face inflexed ; in side view subtriangular, the facial side hardly longer than the dorsal, the oral angle truncate; in frontal view subcircular, the cheeks but slightly converging below, the oral margin broad and slightly produced medially; frontovertex about two and a half times as long a^s wide," perceptibly widened at either end and narrowest at the middle ; ocelli in a strongly acute-angled tri- angle, the anterior ocellus at the center of the frontovertex, the poste- rior pair almost touching the eye-margins and remote from the occipi- tal margin ; eyes medium-sized, strongly convex and nearly round ex- cept that the posterio-ventral orbits are nearly straight ; cheeks somewhat longer than half the diameter of the eyes; face about as wide as long, and as long as the eyes, with a nearly semicircular depression forming the scrobes not quite reaching laterally to the lower orbits of the eyes and divided below by a broad, slightly elevated prominence between the antennae. The latter inserted near the oral margin and widely separ- ated, rather small and subclavate ; scape slender and moderatel thickened apically: pedicel slightly thicker at apex than the following joint and almost as long as the first four funicle joints combined; funicle increas- ing slightly in thickness distad, the first four joints subequal, transverse, the last two about twice as long as the preceding joints and quadrate, the sixth a little larger than the fifth ; the three-jointed club large, oval, much broader than the funicle and as long as the four preceding joints combined. Mandibles medium-sized, strongly depressed, broad at base and with three acute teeth at ape*, of which the ventral one is much the longest, the upper one smallest. ^Maxillary palpi four-jointed, the apical joint slenderly fusiform and nearly as long as the three preceding joints combined; labial palpi two-jointed with the apical joint shorter and slen- derer than the first. Thorax rather robust, moderately convex above, the sclerites of the mesonotum lying in one plane ; pronotum short, slightly arcuate ; scutum large, about twice as wide as long; axillae short, transverse, and nearly meeting medially; scutellum large, broadly rounded at apex, somewhat longer than wide, the disk flattened but the sides and apex highly ele- vated and strongly declivous ; propodeum short at the middle and moder- ately long at the sides. Abdomen somewhat more than half as long and a little wider than the thorax, as wide as long, very broadly ovate and 219 subcordate at base, very strongly depressed, the vibrissal plates situated about half way between the middle and the base; ovipositor very short,, not protruded, and enclosed by the fifth ventrite which reaches to the apex but is not at all compressed. Legs of usual length and without special modifications ; the middle tibiae moderately enlarged at apex, the spur as long as the first tarsal joint; the middle tarsi thicker than the other tarsi. Wings with the cos- tal cell wide ; the discal ciliation moderately dense, .sparser on the basal part before the narrow speculum ; marginal fringe very short and thick ; marginal vein nearly punctiform or slightly longer than thick; stigmal moderately long or about equal to the marginal and postmarginal veins combined, somewhat enlarged at apex with a spur on the upper side, postmarginal about two-thirds as long as the stigmal ; hind wings with the costal cell nearly absent. Head and thorax very finely reticulate, the abdomen slightly more coarsely reticulate, all parts, especially head and notum, strongly shining; frontovertex with a few scattered, minute and shallow pin-punctures, the mesonotum with minute, seriated, setiferous punctures. Eyes with a fine, rather thick pubescence ; rest of head with longer, moderately thick pu- bescence; mesoscutum and scutellum with numerous seriated, bristle-like hairs ; abdomen finely, sericeously pubescent especially on the sides and apical margin ; the pubescence blackish throughout and not conspicuous. Coloration metallic bluish and greenish black. Male : Similar to the female except in the very peculiar and highly specialized head. This is a little longer than wide and subcircular in frontal view, very thin towards the mouth fronto-occipitally and grad- ually thickening above where it becomes about three times as thick as at the oral margin, the dorsal surface very strongly convex ; fronto- vertex nearly as wide as long, with the frons very prominent and pro- tuberantly produced forward beyond the eyes ; the ocelli arranged in a large, equilateral triangle, the anterior one on a line with the anterior dorsal corners of the eyes, the posterior pair close to the eye-margins and remote from the rounded occipital margin ; eyes subtriangular with the posterior orbits rounded ; cheeks as long as the eyes ; face str'ongly produced upward beyond the eyes and joining the frons in an acute angle, strongly obliquely reflexed and concave from the frontal angle to the antennal sockets as seen in side view, the upper part between and beyond the eyes flat from side to side, the remaining part above the antennae concave from side to side, the part below the antennae moder- ately convex. Antennae inserted very far apart on the outer margins of the face next to the cheeks, and half way between the base of the mandibles and the eyes ; short and strongly clavate ; scape very short and incrassate, but little longer than thick, reaching not more than one-third of the dis- tance to upper margin of face, in cross-section subtriangular, the lower side slightly hollowed to receive the pedicel, the other two sides convex, the outer margin in outline straight, the inner margin forming an arc 220 somewhat less than a semicircle; pedicel quadrate and somewhat longer than the first funicle joint ; funicle joints no longer than wide and mostly transverse, increasing in width distad; the first narrowly trans- verse with a short, lamelliform projection at base on dorsal side and then obliquely sloping to apex; the second joint a little wider than long, the following two slightly narrower and about as wide as long; the last two joints increasing in width but not in length, the sixth nearly twice as wide as long; club solid, large, very broadly oval and rounded at apex, inclined somewhat obliquely to the funicle, not much longer than wide and as long as the last three funicle joints combined. Frontovertex somewhat more rugulosely reticulate than in the fe- male, with the same scattered, minute punctures; upper part of the face somewhat smoother and more shining, with a delicate, fine reticula- tion, and more thickly punctate than the frons, becoming somewhat pol- ished medially just above the antennae and without a median carina; the sides of the face in a distinct area -above the antennal sockets and reaching upwards narrowly to the eyes much more rugulosely shagreened than the rest of face, or closely, longitudinally lineolate next to the cheeks and eyes, more irregularly lineolate medially below, the sculpture on the whole being somewhat fingerprint-like ; on each side near the middle of the face contiguous to the peculiarly sculptured area is a slight impression, small and circular; the convex part of the face below the antennae somewhat smoother than the dorsal part of the face, hut with a similar reticulation. Upper part of face with a dense, moderately long, erect, fine pubes- cence ; the rest of face and frontovertex with a shorter, sparser pubes- ence; pedicel and first funicle joint with a short, dense, silky pubes- cence on the upper side, the following joints rather densely, and uni- formly pubescent with fine, slightly longer hairs. Genotype: Coelopencyrfus odyncri n. sp. Besides odyncri there is at least another species present in the Islands which differs in the male sex in having a median carina on the face jnst above the antennae, the pedicel wider than long-, and the first two fnnicle joints very short, transverse and prodnced on the onter side into short rami. The species of Coelopencyrtus are parasitic in the larvae of Odynerus, many of the parasites issning from a lio,st, which becomes inflated and filled with cells somewhat like lepidopter- ons larvae which have been parasitized by Copidosoma. The species may therefore be polyembryonic, althongh both sexes nsnally issne from the same host, which conld hardly be the case if all developed from a single egg. 221 In the female sex CocJopencyrtus is similar to Aricniaspls, and is api^arentlv most closely allied to that genus but differs in the venation, sculpture, pubescence, etc., while the male be- cause of its peculiar head is entirely different from any genns described in the family. In Ashmead's tables Coelopencyrfus (together with Ageniaspis) agrees best with the polyembi-yonic Copidosoma group, and runs to Prionomitus Mayr which lirol)- ably does not really belong to this group. Coelopencyrtus odyneri n. sp. Female : Structural characters as given in the generic description. Length: i.io to 1.47 mm. Head blue-black with a metallic purple and greenish luster ; mesoscu- tum strongly metallic green-black, the rest of the thorax and the abdo- men black, shining but not metallic except that the axillae and scutellum have a comparatively weak and mostly bluish luster ; mandibles brown, the palpi yellow. Antennae black, the flagellum appearing grayish brown on account of the pubescence mostly. Legs black, with the tibiae more fuscous ; trochanters, tibiae narrowly at each extremity, and tarsi of front legs, the hind tibiae along the ventral and apical margin and the hind tarsi brownish ; trochanters, femora at base, tibiae except towards the base and the tarsi of the middle legs brownish yellow. Wings hyaline with a slight smoky cast most prominent on the basal half, the veins fuscous. Male : Structural characters as given under the generic heading. Length: 1.27 to 1.53 mm. Coloration as in the female except that the frontovertex and the up- per part of the face are duller greenish black with a weaker not at all bluish luster, the flagellum more strongly brownish. Described from 125 females, 2 males (type, allotype and paratypes) reared Feb. 22-23, 1916, from a larva of Odynerus nignpennis (Holmgren) collected Feb. 6, Waialae, Oahu (Swezey), and 25 females, 3 males reared April 2-5, 1916, from the same host in reproduction from a female of the above lot (Timberlake). The males in each case issued a day in ad- vance of the females ; from the first hast a total of 2 males and 136 females (besides 2 or 3 more that escaped) issued, and from the second 3 males and 49 females. 222 Coelopencyrtus swezeyi n. sp. Ageniaspis species, Swezej, Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Exp. Sta., Ent Bull. 5, 1907, p. 52, pi. 6, fig. 6. Female : In structure and coloration hardly distinguishable from C. odyticri. but the pubescence on the head slightly thicker and rather longer on the frontovertex, the pleura often somewhat brownish, the fronto- vertex in the typical series from Hawaii strongly metalic purple but in the Oahu series rather duller than in odyncri and inclining to greenish. Length: .96 to 1.49 mm. Male : Differs from the male of odyneri in having the head a little thinner above or hardly over twice as thick dorsally as at the oral margin ; the frontovertex fully as wide as long with the f rons rather more protuberant ; anterior ocellus much closer to the anterior margin of the frons, the ocelli otherwise arranged the same ; the face with a median carina above the antennae; the area of differentiated sculpture above the antennal sockets regularly and closely lineolate medially and more irregularly lineolate towards the eyes. Scape somewhat narrower with its outer margin slightly but distinctly arcuate ; pedicel strongly pro- duced on the outer side so that it is twice as wide as long and sub- quadrangular as seen from above; fiagellum much shorter; first funicle joint thinly discoidal, being very short and transverse, produced upward and also on the outer side into a short ramus; second joint short and transverse but not discoidal, produced on the outer side but not upward, its ramus somewhat shorter than the first; next two joints about twice as wide as long, the third subproduced laterally; last two funicle joints longer and somewhat wider than the fourth, the sixth about a half wider again than long; club nearly as in odyncri although somewhat smaller. Pubescence on the upper part of the face slightly longer and the tuft of fine, short hair on the pedicel somewhat thicker. Coloration as in odyncri with the pleura and antennae more brownish, the apex of the flagellum becoming di.stinctly brown. Length : T.05 to 1.38 mm. Described from 01 females, 11 males (type, allotype and ])aratypes) reared from Odynerus nigripennis (Holmgren), Pahala, Hawaii, Dec. T, 1905 (Swezej) ; 2 females (para- types) taken on a rock near an Odynerus nest, Pahala, Ha- waii, Dec. 7, 1905 (Swezey) ; 40 females, 8 males (paratypes) reared from 0. mgripennis,, Tantalns, Oahu, Dec. 20, 1908 (Giffard) ; and 56 females, 4 males (paratypes) found dead in SceVipliron cells occupied by 0. nigripennis, Makiki Valley, Oahu, Jan. 16, 1916 (Swezey and Timberlake). From the Pahala Odynerus larva Swezey reared 101 para- sites in all, and Giffard reared aproximately 275 from three larvae. Nesencyrtus n. g. Closely allied to Coelopeacyrtus and similar except as fol- lows : Female : Head considerably shorter and thicker, in frontal view noticeably wider than long, subquadrate with the dorsal margin rounded, the oral margin truncate ; in side view with the cheeks very thick at the oral margin fronto-occipitally, or nearly one-half as thick as the head at the anterior corners of the eyes ; frontovertex rather wide and one-half as wide as long; ocelli in a nearly equilateral triangle, the anterior one not far behind a line connecting the anterior corners of the eyes, the posterior pair close to the eye-margins and rather remote from the occipital margin ; eyes relatively smaller with the anterior and dorsal orbits much less rounded ; face broader, the scrobal impression not reach- ing quite so far upwards towards the eyes, the elevation between the antennae a little more prominent, the clypeus broadly produced medially as in Coelopencyrtus and nearly discreted as a separate, narrowly trans- verse sclerite projecting over the mouth-opening; cheeks as long as their own width above or as long as the width of the eyes. Antennae much shorter and very strongly clavate ; the scape moderately long, reaching to the upper limit of the face and including the radicle as long as the flagellum. compressed and slightly expanded below, with an excavation on the apical half of the under side to receive the pedicel ; the latter strongly thickened at apex, wider than the first and somewhat longer than the first three funicle joints combined; funicle joints all much shorter than wide, increasing strongly in width distad and slightly in length, the sixth nearly twice as wide as the first; club large, broadly oval, rounded at apex, much wider than the funicle and about as long. Mouth-opening very large to accommodate the unusually large man- dibles; these are flattened, somewhat curved inward apically, the apex hardly narrower than the base with three strong, acute teeth, the inner tooth somewhat shorter and blunter. Maxillary palpi somewhat shorter, the apical joint consWerably shorter than the three preceding joints •combined. Thorax somewhat more depressed, the scutellum less strongly elevated and declivous at the sides especially towards the apex; the axillae meeting medially, abdomen similar, the ovipositor internally longer, and slightly protruded. Wings and legs practically the same; sculpture and pubescence similar to Coelopencyrtus. Male : Head much thinner than in the female, the frons not protuber- antly produced beyond the eyes as in Coelopencyrtus; frontovertex a lit- tle wider than long; ocelli in a right-angled triangle, the posterior pair 224 nearly touching the eye-margins and not much more than their own diameter from the slightly rounded occipital margin ; face no longer than wide and not produced upward beyond the eyes as in Coclopencyrtus, although strongly concave lengthwise above the antennae. The latter inserted slightly further apart than in the female although hardly higher up on the face, somewhat longer than in Coelopencyrtus, not clavate, but with the first four funicle joints shortly ramose on the inner side; scape much longer, not triangularly thickened but on the contrary rather strongly compresesd and somewhat dilated below, with a groove on the outer surface to receive the pedicel; the latter triangular and no longer than wide at apex, the first funicle joint longest, the last two but little shorter, the first four much wider than long, being produced on the inner side into moderately long rami, of which the third is long- est, the first shortest; last two funicle joints subtriangular, narrow at base and somewhat wider at apex than long; club solid, oval, no wider than the preceding joint and a little shorter than the last two funicle joints combined. Sculpture similar to that of Coclopencyrtus male, but the area above the antennal sockets not nearly so distinctly dififerentiated, being ex- tremely finely lineolate ; on each side of the middle of the face contigu- ous to these areas is a lunulate or subangular impression where the sep- arate curvatures of the lower and upper parts of the face meet ; these impressions are highly polished and shining and are separated medially by a smoothish, slight ridge, which widens a little above but soon be- comes obsolete. Pubescence about as in Coclopencyrtus: the pedicel shortly, rather densely pubescent on the upper side, the following joints with much longer, rather abundant pubescence, which is also present on the rami. Genotype: Adelencyrtus I'aalae Ashmead. This genus is only remotely related to Adelencyrtus in which Ashmead placed his species, and hardly resembles it even superficially, although it must be remarked that Adelen- cyrtus even at its inception was not at all homogeneous. Nesencyrtus kaalae (Ashmead). Adelencyrtus l-aalae Ashmead, Fauna Hawaiiensis, 1, Pt. 3, 1901, p. 323. The male, hithertofore unknown, closely resembles the fe- male except in the points brought out in the generic descrip- tion. I have examined 4 females from Oahu: Tantalus (Gif- fard), Opaeula and Kalihi (Swezey), and one determined by 29- Ashmead from Kaala (Perkins) ; also many specimens from Kilauea, Hawaii, one female taken by Swezey, the rest mclnd- ing both sexes reared from larvae Nesoprosopis puhescens Per- kins, fonnd nesting in an old rotten log (Williams), Aphycomorpha n. g. Most closely related to Aphycopsis Timberlake and Anagy- ropsis Giranlt, althongh very similar to Aphycus Mayr. Female : Head a little wider than long, rather thick, the cheeks con- vergent towards the truncate mouth, the face reflexed, the frons rather narrow and not prominent ; eyes rather small, very broadly oval ; f ronto- vertex two and a half times as long as wide at the middle, being widened both anteriorly and posteriorly; ocelli arranged in an acute-angled tri- angle, the anterior one at the center of the frontovertex, the posterior pair almost touching the eye-margins and remote from the occipital margin; face and cheeks as long as the eyes, the scrobes in the form of a triangular impression divided below by a median, moderately elevated ridge between the antennae. Antennae inserted close to the clypeal margin and formed much as in Aphycus; the scape compressed, but not expanded beneath ; the pedicel about as long as the first three funicle joints combined; funicle joints all a little wider than long, increasing distinctly in width and more slightly in length distad ; the club large, oval, wider than the funicle and as long as the five preceding joints com- bined. Mandibles with an acute ventral tooth, and a broad dorsal one. Thorax robust, the dorsum slightly convex ; the collar of pronotum short, narrowly transverse and scarcely arcuate ; mesoscutum nearly twice as wide as long, the posterior margin slightly sinuate on either side of the middle which is slightly produced caudad ; axillae much wider than long and nearly meeting at the middle ; scutellum very large, some- what longer than wide, the sides slightly rounded in outline and strongly declivous, the apex rounded ; propodeum very short at the middle and not greatly enlarged laterally. Abdomen very small, scarcely one-half as long as the thorax, depressed, triangular with the basal corners rounded and the apex rather acute ; the vibrissal plates situated a little before the middle just within the lateral margin on the ventral side; fifth ventrite reaching half way between the middle and apex ; ovipositor internally reaching nearly to the base of the abdomen, apically free beyond the fifth ventrite and slightly protruded. Legs stout, moderately long, the middle tibiae much enlarged at apex and the middle tarsi strongly incrassate. Discal ciliation of wings dense and uniform, the speculum widened below, marginal fringe short and dense ; submarginal vein broken where it joins the thickened apical part, the basal portion with six long bristles which gradually shorten on either side of the longer middle ones; marginal vein nearly twice as 226 long as thick, the stigmal moderately long, straight, slender with the apex much enlarged, the postmarginal as long as the slender part of the stigmal. Sculpture of the head very finely alutaceous and opaque; the thorax slightly shiny and microscopically reticulate; the abdomen more shining and more coarsely reticulate. Eyes with a short, rather thick pile; the frontovertex with a very fine, inconspicuous blackish pubescence ; collar of pronotum and the mesonotum with much coarser, black bristle-like hairs arranged more or less seriately on the scutum and scutellum. Coloration non-metallic yellowish. Male : Head considerably thinner than in the female, the eyes smaller ; the frontovertex somewhat wider than long ; ocelli arranged in a right-angled triangle, the posterior pair situated rather close to the eyes and the occipital margin. Antennae inserted higher up on the face yet below the level of the eyes ; the scape similar, the pedicel short and thick, or hardly longer than wide, the flagellum elongate, not thick- ened distad and with long subverticillate hairs which are much shorter on the under side; funicle joints all about equal in length and twice as long as wide, deeply incised on the upper side at the articulations; club solid, elongate elliptical, acute at apex, somewhat shorter than the last two funicle joints combined and no wider, ihe abundant hairs gradual- ly shortening towards the apex. Thorax, abdomen, legs and wings about as in the female; the abdo- men fully as large as in the female ; the middle tarsi not much thickened at base although attenuated towards apex, yet nevertheless much more robust than the front or hind tarsi. Sculpture soiTvewhat similar although tlie frontovertex is a little more coarsely and rugulosely alutaceous and the mesonotum is very finely and closely rugulosely reticulate; pubescence the same yet much less conspic- uous as it is concolorous with the black head and thorax. Genotype: Aphycomorplta araucariae u. sp. This genus differs from Anagyropds in having the scape narrow, not broadly expanded beneath, in the more opaque, alutaceons and less reticulate sculpture, and in having the gen- eral form of the body much less robust. From Aphycopds it differs in having the frontovertex much narrower, the oral margin of face truncate instead of distinctly emarginate, in the compressed, non-clavate scape, in the broken submarginal vein, and the somewhat longer marginal. These three genera all agree in the shape of the mandibles. 227 Aphycomorpha araucariae n. sp. Female : For the structural characters consult the generic description. Length, .79 to 1.03 mm. Head, pronotum, metanotum. propodeum and underparts of thorax primuline yellow (Ridgway), a little brighter on the occiput and face, the vertex often darker or nearly like the mesonotum ; the latter and the tegulae ochraceous orange (Ridgway) ; abdomen brownish black with the dorsal apical margin yellowish, the venter blackish or at least dusky in the center, yellowish at apex beyond the fifth ventrite, the base broadly yellow at the middle and more narrowly yellow at the sides. Antennae dusky yellow becoming more infuscated on the first two funicle joints, the club brownish black ; legs concolorous with underparts of thorax, the apex of the last joint of the tarsi blackish. Wings hyaline with a slight or inconspicuous smoky cloud on basal half extending to the apex of the stigmal vein, more distinct just below the stigmal and the break in the submarginal vein, and enclosing below the apex of the submarginal a clear oval area which includes the speculum and extends two-thirds of the way across the disk ; the veins fuscous. Male : Structural characters as given under the generic heading. Length: 88 to 1.05 mm. Coloration black, the thorax and abdomen slightly shining, the head opaque ; the face brownish black with the prominence between antennae, the oral margin and the mandibles yellowish brown. Scape dusky yellow, the pedicel and flagellum translucent fuscous with a yellowish cast ; front and middle legs nearly as in the female, the hind legs blackish brown with the trochanters, apex of the tibiae and the tarsi brownish yellow. Wings entirely hyaline, the veins fuscous. Described from 5 females (type and paratvpes) reared from Eriococcus araucariae Maskell, Moanahia Gardens, Oahii, near Honoluln, May 1-7, 1918 (Timberlakc) ; 18 fe- males, 9 males (allotype and paratvpes) from the same liost and locality. May 26 to June 12, 1919 (Timberlake) ; and 4 females, 3 males (paratypes), reared from the same host, Honokilu, Nov. 24 to Dec. 1, 1917 (Fullaway). The oldest specimens examined are three females and a male reared from the same host at Honoluln, July, 1906 (Kotinsky) but they are too much broken to serve as paratypes. Anicetus annulatus n. sp. Female : Head considerably wider than long and wider than the tho- rax; the dorsal surface transversely suboval, horizontal and only slightly convex from side to side ; eyes rather broadly suboval, the inner orbits nearly straight and moderately arcuately diverging anteriorly; fronto- 228 large and arranged in an acute-angled triangle, the anterior one some- what behind the center of the frontovertex, the posterior pair about one- half their own diameter from the eye-margins, a little over their own diameter apart and nearly twice as far removed from the occipital mar- gin ; cheeks fully as long as the eyes and very strongly convergent to- wards the mouth ; the face wider than long, strongly obliquely reflexed and meeting the frons in an acute and carinated angle, which is nearly transverse between the eyes and curved forward and downward in front of the eyes to separate the face and cheeks for a short distance, upper part of face rather deeply concave and divided by a broad median eleva- tion ascending from between the antennae. The latter inserted far apart, a little less than half way from the oral margin to the eyes ; scape com- pressed, dilated beneath, triangular in shape, with the base narrow, the apex broad, the apical corners rounded ; pedicel somewhat longer than the first three funicle joints combined, ■ about three-fourths as wide at apex as the sixth funicle joint, triangular with the apical ventral corner produced forward and downward so that the ventral margin is noticeably longer than the dorsal, and the apical margin slightly concave ; funicle joints all very short and transverse or foliaceous as taken together, the first joint the longest medially, the sixth much longer on the dorsal mar- gin than any of the preceding, the first but slightly narrower transversely than the sixth ; club very large, compressed and obliquely truncate on the apical margin about one-half the way to the base, somewhat wider than the funicle and as long as the funicle and pedicel combined, the sutures. Thorax considerably wider than its depth, the notum moderately con- especially the one between the second and third joints, obsolete, vex ; pronotum very short, transverse and somewhat arcuate , mesoscutum not quite twice as wide as long, its posterior or basal margin nearly straight ; axillae short, transverse, nearly or actually meeting medially ; scutellum large, a little longer than the scutum or its own width, rather broadly rounded at apex, the sides a little rounded and but slightly ele- vated or declivous ; propodeum very short at the middle, rather long at the sides and obliquely declivous from the base towards th^ apex, meta- pleura oblique, rather small and somewhat narrowed below where touch- ing the hind coxae. Abdomen slightly wider than the thorax and two- thirds as long, strongly depressed, very broadly ovate or approaching rotundity, widest just before the middle where the vibrissal plates are situated, the basal corners rounded, the apex obtusely angled or rounded, the ovipositor barely protruded. Legs rather short ; the middle tibiae not much enlarged at apex, the spur as long as the first tarsal joint; the middle tarsi considerably stouter than the other tarsi but not incrassate. cylindrical and not tapering to- wards apex. A large central area of the disk of fore wings strongly in- flated from below as in related species, the area reaching about one- eighth of the wing-length from apex, its apical margin semicircular ; disk finely, moderately densely ciliated, the basal part with a group of much coarser or bristle-like hairs just before the speculum and extending a vertex two and a half times longer than the widtli at the ocelli; the latter 229 little more than half way across the disk ; the base before these bristles and a narrow longitudinal area beneath the apical part of the venation bare ; speculum reaching from the latter area obliquely to the basal area, much narrowed above and overhung by the bristle-like hairs ; marginal fringe rather short and moderately dense ; marginal vein about twice as long as thick, equal to the stigmal, the postmarginal somewhat shorter and forming an acute angle with the stigmal ; marginal and postmarginal veins with a row of six bristle-like hairs of which the one at the apex of the postmarginal is much the longest. Head, abdomen and thorax except the scutellum smooth and highly polished, the scutellum with an extremely minute, granular alutaceous sculpture ; surface of the antennae rather opaque, the scape with rela- tively coarse reticulations. Eyes with a short, fine and rather thick pile; frontovertex with four rows of very fine, but rather long, pale-colored hair of which the orbital rows are inclined forward, the others back- ward; mesoscutum with similar, sparse, scattered hairs, the apical margin near the middle with a pair of longer, bristle-like black hairs; scutellum with two pairs of still stouter, longer black bristles, one pair near apex, the other but slightly further apart just behind the middle, the disk also with a few fine hairs. Dorsal margin of the pedicel and flagellum and the ventral apices of the pedicel and funicle joints provided with numer- ous, black, bristle-like hairs, the sides of the club with similar, shorter hairs. Length: .78 to 1.18 mm. General color of head, thorax and venter about ochr.iceous orange (Ridgway) ; the face and cheeks paler yellow with a rathe; wide trans- verse fuscous to blackish band across their middle, passing through the "base of the antennae and curving upward on the median facial promi- nence ; an oblique band on each side of the prosternum extending for- ward from the coxae, black ; frontovertex, mesoscutum and mesopleura washed with a distinct but not very strong purplish luster; propodeum and metanotum blackish on each side of the middle, the metapleura with an oval to oblong spot on the upper part, brilliant, metallic, pale green ; abdomen except the venter black with a bluish luster medially at the base, the sides on the basal half brilliant, bright green, the sides very broadly on the apical half about antimony yellow (Ridgway). Antennae concolorous with the frontovertex, the radicle joint and ventral margin of the scape narrowly black. Legs somewhat paler yellow than the tho- rax with the apex of the tarsi, the first joint of the hind tarsi and two annuli on the hind tibiae black, the first tibial band situated close to the base, the second just beyond the middle. Wings subhyaline ; a broad area across the disk opposite the apical third of the venation and the extreme base smoky; apical part of disk beyond the venation slightly infuscated and more deeply so in a narrow band encircling the inflated area, leaving the apical margin clear ; veins yellowish with the marginal more brownish. Male : Much diflferent from the female and considerably like the male 230 of Ccraptcroccrns: head in general shape similar to the female but much- thinner and the frons not so prominent; frontovertex slightly wider than long, the ocelli in a nearly equilateral triangle, the poster^ )r pair about their own diameter from the eye-margins and the occipital margin; cheeks considerably longer than the eyes and very strongly convergent towards the mouth; face wider than long, obliquely reflexed and meet- ing the frons in an acute angle, with a prominent median ridge from the oral nearly to the frontal margin, and deeply, somewhat triangularly hol- lowed on either side of the ridge. Antennae inserted moderately far apart near the middle of the face nearly on a line with the anterior cor- ners of the eyes, the scape very short, excluding the radicle no longer than the pedicel and the first funicle joint combined, compressed and twice as long as wide ; pedicel no longer than thick ; flagellum slender and elongate, not thickening towards the apex, the funicle joints with long, subverticillate hairs, the club with similar scattered hairs shorten- ing towards the apex; the first funicle joint somewhat longer than the second to fourth, the last two still longer, the first a half longer than wide, the fifth about twice as long as wide, the sixth a little shorter, each, especially the second to the fifth, deeply incised at tht.; articulations so that the second to fourth are subtriangular ; club nearly as long as the last two funicle joints combined, narrow, acute at apex and solid. Mesoscutum much larger than in the female and much longer or hardly a fourth wider than long ; axillae triangular, being longer and not so wide and more distinctly separated medially ; scutelluin much smaller or no longer than wide and much shorter than the scutum ; abdo- men about the same as in the female although hardly wider than the thorax and less rounded on the sides. Wings much wider and shorter ; the disk not inflated and uniformly ciliated, with the cilia before the speculum but slightly larger and extending in a group across the disk, the basal bare area much smaller ; the marginal, postmarginal and stigmal veins all shorter but keeping about the same proportions to each other. ■Face shining and very finely or microscopically reticulate ; fronto- vertex finely, closely granular and rather opaque ; mesoscutum finely, transversely reticulate, sometimes appearing minutely rugulose, and but slightly shiny; scutellum crowded with fine granular reticulations some- what longitudinally lengthened, appearing velvety opaque in some lights and metallic in others, the declivous part of the apical margin becoming smooth and polished ; axillae, propodeum, pleura and abdomen compara- tively smooth and shining. Pubescence except on the eyes more abund- ant than in the female ; frontovertex with six rows of fine hairs inclined backward, and a few hairs on the occipital margin inclined forward ; the pubescence on the mesoscutum more distinctly arranged seriately ; the fine hairs on base of scutellum longer, the anterior pair of bristles more widely separated. Length : .68 to .86 mm. General color black and weakly metallic in large part : frontovertex brown; the face with a slight greenish luster; scutellum sliohtly inetallic ; 231 greenish in some lights and more strongly so on the apical margin; mesopleura with a rather strong purple luster, the metapleura strongly metallic green ; the abdomen slightly bluish black and shining. Scape and pedicel blackish, the flagellum dusky yellow with the verticillate hairs black. Front and middle legs pale yellow, the front tibiae broadly at the middle and the basal third of tlie middle tibiae fuscous; hind legs fuscous, the tibiae more blackish, the trochanters, the tibiae narrowly at base and on the apical fifth, and the tarsi pale yellow ; apex of all the tarsi black. Wings entirely hyaline, the veins mostly yellowish, the mar- ginal vein fuscous. Described from 2 females, 3 males (type, allotype and paratypes) reared from E needy ninat us tessellatus (Sign.), Ho- nolulu, Oalm, JS^'ov. 26 to Dec. 1, 1917 (FuUaway) ; 1 female (paratype) supposed to have been reared from Saissetia liemi- sphaerica (Targ.), Honolulu, April 25, 1912 (Fullaway) ; 1 female (paratype) collected on Cyrtandra, Niu, Oaliu, Fel). 1, 1914 (Swezey) ; and 3 females, 1 male (paratypes) reared from Eucalymnatus tessellatus, Pun Kapele, Kauai, Feb. 14, 1915 (Swezey). Examination of the host remains mounted with the Kauai specimens indicates that the parasite is unquestionably a pri- mary parasite and that only one issues from the nearly full- grown scale. The record from Saissetia needs eoniirmation before being accepted. OFFICERS ELECTED FOR 1919. President W. M. Giffard Vice-President D. L. Crawfoed Secretary-Treasurer D. T. Fut.t.avvay Messrs. Muir and Gitfard were appointed a Committee to consider desired changes in the Constitution and Fy-Laws. The Treasurer reported a- balance in the treasury of $57.38. 232 Miscellaneous Notes and Exhibits of Insects Collected at Puuwaawaa, North Kona, and Kilauea, Hawaii.* BY W. M. GIFFARI), The following exhibits were collected on a short visit to Pnnwaawaa, Xorth Kona, Hawaii, Angust, 1917. Rhyncogonus sp. — One specimen collected on Acacia koa in the mountains at an elevation of approximately 3800 feet. It is the first specimen of this genus to be colle<'ted on the Iisland of Hawaii. It was sent to Dr. Sharp v.ho has de- scribed it as new under the name R. giffardi. (See page 80 of this issue of the Proceedings). Clytarliis nodifer. — Four perfect specimens collected on Acadia hoa. Calandra oryzae. — Tw'o specimens of this common domestic grain weevil collected on Acacia hoa. This is apparently the first record of this insect being taken in the high forest re- gions. Possibly it may attack the seeds of Acacia koa but the trees in this locality were not noticed to be in fruit at the time. From a few seeds and seed pods with stalks attached of the rare Hihiscadelphus huaJalaiensis collected on ihis visit by ]\Ir. J. F. Rock, I bred out the following aggregation of in- sects : Lepidojitera. — Four specimens of the pink boll-NVorm ( Pec- tinoplwra gossi/pieUa). Parasitic Hymenoptera. — One specimen of SpaJangia sp.,, probably simplex which parasitizes small Diptera. One specimen of Angitia bJackbiirni. Diptera. — One specimen (undetermined). Xeuroptera. — Two Pscocids (undetermined). Hemiptera. — One Nysius sp. (undetermined). Coleoptera. — Two specimens of Anobiids (2 undetermined species) . *These notes were presented by Mr. Giffard at the October, 1917, meeting, but were inadvertently omitted from the records and thus missed being printed in the Proceedings for 1917. As considerable im- portance is attached to some of them, thev are printed at this time. -[Ed]. 233 Eleven Proterhinus (2 undetermined specieb). Note : — It is interesting to note that Pectinophora gossy- piella attacks the seeds of Hibiscadelphus and is not contincd (as jVIr. Busck has stated) to Gossypium. The Hibiscadelphus are indigenous but exceedingly rare in our native forests, and whilst a species of so-called "red cotton" (Kohia BocJcii) is sparsely distributed in the forests of one sectioii of North Kona, yet it is not the true cotton and Mr, Rock informs me that on many visits to the region he has never noticed that the "red cotton" bolls were ever atacked by ai-ything ap- proaching Pectinophora. Mr. Busck however records the fact that Lefroy has bred it from Hihiscus (an ally of Hibiscadel- phus) in India. It w^as also interesting to note that one can breed out of the stalks and seed pods of Hibiscadelphus so many insects of various Orders, although it may be taken for granted that some of these are more particularly attached to other tre*^* than the particular one referred to. From the flower heads of Raillardia ciliolata collected at Kilauea, October, 1917, a good series of the following insects were bred: Diptera. — Tephritis sp., a good series of an undertermined species. Homoptera. — Nesosydne raillardiae, one nymph. Parasitic Hymenoptera. — Eight Phanurus vulcanus Perk. This is probably parasitic on the eggs of a bug {Nysiiis ?p.)i ^s Mr. Swezey in examining the flower heads foand several empty bug eggs similar to Nysius eggs previously found by him in the flower heads of Bidens. Two Eulophids (Tetrastichiis sp.). These issued from puparia of the Tephiitis as Mr. Swezey found, on later ex- amination, tw^o puparia having exit holes made by some para- site. Mr. Timberlake examined these Tetrastichiis specimens and pronounced them as belonging to an undertermined s})ecies. It is apparently a native insect, and the first nati^'-,' species of the genus to be recorded in the Hawaiian Islands. Mailed Jiilv 15, 1919 fe *^« v-^f< .. .1-^ CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. No. I !N^oTES AND Exhibitions: January meeting — 1 February meeting 3 March meeting 5 April meeting 7 May meeting 8 June meeting l-t July meeting 40 August meeting 44 September meeting 47 October meeting 55 November meeting 77 December meeting 83 Bridwell^ J. C. : Some additional Notes on Bruchidae and their Pavu- sites in the Hawaiian Islands (Col.) 15 Some Notes on Hawaiian and other Bethylidae with Descriptions of New Species (Hym.) 21 Notes on Nesomimesa antennata (Hym.) 40 Bruchidae of the Helms Collection (Col.) 41 Dictyophorodelphax praedicta (Hom., Delphaeidae ) .. 72 Miscellaneous Notes on Hjnnenoptera, with Descrip- tions of New Genera and Species 109 Descriptions of New Species of Hymenopterous Para- sites of Muscoid Diptera, with Notes on their Habits 1C6 Notes on Halictidae (Ilymenoptera) 180 FULLAWAY^ D. T. : Description of Paranagrus osborni n. sp. (Hymen- optera, Mymaridae) 53 FULLAWAY, D. T., AND GlFFAED, W. M. : Notes on Collection of Hawaiian Insects on Island of Maui 50 GiFFARD, W. ]\L : Miscellaneous Notes and Exhibits of Insects Colleete.l at Puuwaawaa, North Kona, and Kilauea, Ha- wan ^'^^ ' ..J ^1 Mum, F. : On the Genus Ilburnia White (Homoptera, Delpha- cidae) 48 'New Hawaiian Delphacidae (Homoptera) 84 SiiAEP, D. : Studies in Rhynchophora (Coleoptera) V. The Genus Rhyncogonus 77 SwEZEY, 0. H. : Maui Insect Notes 2 Insects Occurring on Plants of Lobelioideae in the Hawaiian Islands ; 9 TiMBERLAKE, P. H. : Annual Address. Obsen^ations on the Sources of Ha- waiian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera) 183 Descriptions of I^ew Genera and Species of Hawaiian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera) 197 Williams, F. X. : Epyris extraneus (Bethylidae), a Fossorial Wasp that Preys on the Larva of the Tenebrionid Be^;- tle Gonocephalum Seriatum 55 Some Observations on the Leafhopper Was]), Xesomi- mesa Haw^iiensis (Hymenoptera) 63 Some Observations on Pipunculus Flies whicli Para- sitize the Cane Leafhopper (Diptera) G8 Rules and Suggestions Applying to Types and Entomo- logical Descriptions and Papers in the l-'ubliea- tions of the Hawaiian Entomological Societv 44 Paradise Print Vol. IV., No. 2. June, 1920. PROCEEDINGS OF THE HAWAIIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR 1919 HONOLULU, HAWAII Price 50 Cents OFFICERS 1919. PRESIDENT W. M. GIFFARD VICE-PRESIDENT D. L. CRAWFORD SECRETARY-TREASURER D. T. FULLAWAY ADDITIONAL MEMBERS OF -i _ < F. MUIR EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE J ^ E. M. EHRHORN EDITOR OF PPROCEEDINGS O. H SWEZEY LIBRARIAN C. E. PEMBERTON CUSTODIAN OF INSECT COLLECTION.— P. H. TIMBERLAKE MEMBERSHIP 1919. Bridwell, J. C. Bryan, E. H., Jr. Bryan, W. A. Carter, G. R. Crawford, D. L. Ehrhorn, E. M. Fullaway, D. T. Giffard, W. M. Grinnell, F. Holmes, H. Ilingworth, J. F_ *Koebele, A. Langford, D. B. Mant, C. F. Muir, F. Munro, J. *Newell, Bro. Matthias Osborn, H. T. Pemberton, C. E. *Perkins, R. C. L. Potter, W. R. R. Rosa, J. *Sharp, b. Swezey, O. H. Tenney, E. D. Timberlake, P. H. Wilder, G. P. Willard, H. F. Williams, F. X. *Honorary Members. All correspondence should be addressed to the Secretary, Hawaiian Entomological Society, Honolulu, Hawaii, from whom copies of the Proceedings may be purchased. Volume I of the Proceedings, for 1905-07 (in five numbers), con- tains 210 pages, 4 plates, and 5 text figures. Volume II, 1908-12 (in five numbers), contains 311 pages, 7 plates, 5 cuts and i portrait. Volume III, 1913-1917 (in five numbers), contains 500 pages, 8 plates and 6 cuts. Volume IV, No. i, 1918, contains 233 pages, 4 plates and 6 cuts. Price per volume, $2.00. Price of any single number, 50 cents. EREATA. Tho following" typographical errors havo l)ooii noted, and rthonld l)e corrected in the text : Page 250, line 19, for '^Nfannma-' read 'Kanmna-'. Page 26H, bottom line, remove the ". Page 291, bottom line, insert '.Tnne' before '1920". Page -'301, second line from bott(im, for 'eantanens', i-ead 'castanens'. Page 314, bottom line, insert '-Inne' before '1920'. Page 315, second line from bottom, for 'dryer', read 'drier'. Page 325, fifth line from bottom, for 'paints', read 'plants.' Page 320, bottom line, for '3S2', read '383'. Page 329, fifth line from bottom, for 'speciment', rond 'specimen'; and for "^Sept.,' read 'Angnst.' Page 353, line 31, insert a comma after fei-rugineus. Page 357, first line, for 'femore', read 'femora'. Page 381, nnder the fignre, for 'clirijsomoJhdoldes' , read '■'■/( rysom olyhdoidefi' . Page 398, nnder the fignre, for 'Siloan', read 'Silaon'. Page 407, fonrth line from bottom, for 'halves', read 'valves'. Page 418, at top of page insert 'Plate VIII'. Page 420, line 27, for 'femore', read 'femora'. Page 423, at top of page insert 'Plate IX'. Page 447, sixth line from bottom, for 'C, read 'D'. Page 448, line 20, for ' (Limhatus)' , read '(5. Jimhatiis)' ; delete bottom line. Page 449, line 4, lor 'cxtranae', read 'exlrancn'. PEOCEEDIJ^^GS Hawaiian Entomological Society Vol. IV, No. 2. Fob the Year 1919. June, 1920. JANFAEY 2nd, 1919. The lOOth meeting of the Society was held in the Entomo- logical Laboratovv of the Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, President Giffard in the chair. Other members present: Messrs. Bridwell, Crawford, Ehrhorn, Fullaway, Grinnell, Mnir, Rosa, Swezey, Timberlake, Willard and Williams. Minntes of previous meeting were read and approved. Obituary. Harold Oscar Marsh. The October (1918) number of the Journal of Economic Entomology notes the death at Chester, JS^. J., Sept. 10, 1918, of II. 0. Marsh, who was a inember of this Society from Octo- ber 6th, 1910, to Febrnary, 1911, at which time he returned to the mainland on account of ill-health. According to the obituary notice in the Journal, Mr. Marsh was born November 6th, 1885, was educated in the public schools of Chester, N. J., and took a special course in entomol- ogy at the Kansas Agricultural College in 1914. His first em- ployment was wdth the State Horticultural Boards in New Jer- sey and Pennsylvania. Later he joined the staff of the IT. S. Bureau of Entomology. In the Bureau service he worked 236 mostly on truck crop insects in the South and West. While in Honolulu (July 1910 to February 1911) he was Assistant Entomologist at the Board of Agriculture and Forestry. His work in Hawaii was almost entirely practical, consisting of experiments with different spraying mixtures applied to the control of some of our field crops and vegetable pests. How- ever, considerable biological work was carried on at the same time, and his accounts of the beet webworm and the imported cabbage webworm, published by the Bureau, are excellent in every way. Publications on his work here are the following: "Keport of the Assistant Entomologist." Bienn. Kept. Bd. Agr. and For. Hawaii, pp. 152-159, 1910 (1911). "Some Observations on the Crysanthemum Plaut-Louse (Macrosiphum solanifoUl osbof-ni Gillette).'' Bienn. Kept. Bd. Agr. and For. Hawaii, pp. 100-172, 1910 (1911). ''The Hawaiian Beet Webworm." Bui. 109, pt. I, Bur. Ent. U. S. Dept. Agr., Nov. 6, 1911. ''The Imported Cabbage Webworm." Bui. 109, pt. Ill, Bur. Ent. U. S. Dept. Agr., April 5, 1912. While he has been gone from Hawaii for some years he is well remembered here by those with whom he was associated, especially on account of his cheerful disposition and keen inter- est in his profession. D. T. FULLAWAY, O. H. SWEZEY, Committee. 237 Natural Control of Scale Insects in Hawaii. BV DAVID T. FULLAWAV. Mealybugs and scales are amongst onr eoniniouest insects, and together with their natural enemies have been the subject of investigation since the beginning of entomological work here. Indeed, the first practical work undertaken was a search for natural enemies of these destructive insects by Albert Koe- bele, the entomological explorer. Between 1891 and 1908 he made repeated consignments of Coccinellid beetles, parasitic Hymenoptera, etc., to Hawaii, some of which were able to multiply and spread; others failing. A record of this work was preserved in letters, reports, specimens, etc., but it is meagre in detail and faulty through misidentifieation of either enemy or host. The list of scale insect parasites and their hosts published by the writer in 1912 perpetuates uuiuy of the original errors and adds some new ones. Since that date, how- ever, a thorough review of the subject has been made with Mr. P. PI. Timlierlake, who has a wide knowledge of the para- sites and their relationships, and these errors have been cor- rected or eliminated as far as possiltle in the list which fol- lows. There can scarcely be any doubt that many of the hymenopterous parasites were introduced here unintentionally with their hosts, before the days of horticultural inspection and quarantine, for there are few records of introductions, and Mr. Koebele states that he made little effort to secure them. On the other hand, the Coccinellid beetles were practically all introduced by ]Mr. Koebele or others, only four being known here previous to his time. Scale Insect Parasites in 1912 Rpt. Haw. Exp. Sta. Errata. p. 26 Apentelicus gen. nov.=M icroterys. Lepidosaphes sp., given as the host of (AprnteUrus) M. ko- tinskyi incorrect, p. 27 Odoiiaspis r/irnninis. given as the host of Adelen- cyi'tus odonaspidis, should be Odonaspis ruthae. Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc. IV, No. 2, June, 1920. 238 ). 28 1. 12 Anagyt-us sip.=^Pauridia peregrina. The host is Pseudococcus hraunhiae. 13 Encyrtus fuscus. Infelix, not fusciu. Vide Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. Ill (5), p. 403. 14 Encyrtus sp. with banded antennae=J.?i«5r2/ru5 swe- zeyi. Saissetia sp., given as the host, incorrect ; shonld be Trionymus insidaris. 17 Blepyrus insularis. Mexicanus, not insularis. Pseu- dococcus virgatus the only host. P. aonirJum incorrectly reported, loc. cit. 19 Aphycus sp. Later described as Aphycus terry i. Not congeneric w4th Aphycus; transferred to Pseudococcobiu^. The host is Pseudococcus saccharifolii; P. calccolariae not now credited to the islands. 20 Aphycus sp. on Lepldosaphes sp. A misidentitica- tion of either parasite or host. 26 Microterys (Apentelicus) Iwtinsl-yi on Lepldosa- phes sp., snpra. 27 Adelencyrtus odo)m> I — I i.:f ^ ^ - tn ;^, cc ^' o o p f^ c^ c^ o ^ 2§8^l rt Mi •- p ^s c o IS a from from 1894 from o hills 890 908 bout 915 " '-^ — — rS ■- ■ji "^ -r -o -0 -a ^ >-: 0 Q^ a> :; = S 3 3 a! =: -C -^ -O -0 ~ c 0 0 0 t O V} E ::: n c ^^ .-^^^r? 241 •r^ •?; ■r; c ^ ^, .S _s ^S o ?5 *v} ;^ ^ •Ji o o s<5 £ p 3 i -^ o -»^ ■~~ 'J. -i ■- § 1 ^ •~S so 1 S o ^1 o 2 ?^ ITI < II W Q 5i S S 2 1 ?s^ feq r~o fL, 1 11 S o f— 1 >i ^•^ ^ -< Sn 6 6 CJ fi^ o ^ &q H < w H w l-H o s o -tS o o =: '- s s •*- ~ or- ~ =C 05 s s S 'rO S g i § 1-^ 1 — i "o ~ o o ■^ ;: fl s^ S 'tt a.~S. >S =5^ OJ >i ;=- i- ^ 0) ^ &:; cz: ^ O ■^ ^^ ? ? I. i e § i Q. - ^ ^ >J "^ '^ ^ -^ >^ ^ JS 50 W -^ N^ G w -« B A< Sl, ■^ S «$ 1^ ^ o o « 2 >^ o p 3 O O O 5- ?^ ^ Gh -^ 5^ «^+5=S (£; CQ +^ f^ ^ <3 O d c a, •d -o go U-. ^ .^ I^ Ph O _ S £ >. " 1-' ^ 3 •-- o "a ^ -^ S id O ^; -o -a ^ i; ^ o p .; ^ Pi ,-? ^ 2 243 I s < w H < £ w O ■*--!; O § § =: ~ ."^^ --- ''ts c <^ s~ t; C ~ %j ^ <~ ~ n^ s; ~ . r-~ O §>. V CO S^ !- Sri o lai Qi -^ 2^ >!; 5^ o s •I -2 ^^^ , ^ r— rs; =0 K ^ 5q o^ ^ I ^- ^^ ^"^ "^ _i ^"^ <^ ,^' —t ^ ^ ^ o O H X X S .S rt O -^ 'V 3 ^ be -age ^■M c o ^ •-- ON ; S o r- ^ I S-^ § ^ ' T3 -a S2 ."2 ' o "" o •- -^ -r- rt e .-^ r2i C3 ^^' "^ S '^ _C 'Ph^ M ^ C '■« >- -T n? C lU -^ = ^ i-D •r •--. C C O u Sn c^|w ^ mil . s 8 ^ o ,. -S "H I S y -^ o c? W K ^ M ^ i -? w va ■■c 1^. (X ~ w '^ "^ ..-V .r^ fS H w - ^ ,-r k. H ^"^ ■^■ --^• ♦ * ^ ^!: Vi V^ V, v^ • '^ Vr it E _ -2 ^ \ ^ ■ ? • 2 n w « :i. .2 y- ^ •y c~ T X "^^ C ^ *y. 5c ■"c. 1 £ H H a; -5 S I' 4 ^ .4 1 1 'S r2 J 1 1 o 2 1 i ^ s ^ Ci^ a. "^ — ; ;^ ^ -V ■^^ —; '^ "^ "^ "^ "^ "^ ~ " t^. •r ■(— 1 ^ W j: ^ K) y ^Ir. Swezey along the Manoa Cliifs Trail on Tantalus. It was a standing trunk of a large Clielrodendron (laudlcliaudil tree, from which the l);to.molooical Society. Article 2. Object. The object of the Society shall be to promote the study of Entomology in all possible bearings, and to encourage friendly relations l)et\veen those in any way interested in the scieucp. Article 3. ^Iembers. The Society shall consist of Active, Covrespondincj and Honorary membei-s. Xo Currespoiiding meml)ers shall be elected from residents on the Island of Oahu. Election of members shall be by ballot, nomination li;i\im: been made by a nieml)er of the Society at a ])revious moi-ring. A niajorirv vote of active inenilx-rs present sliall ]»e necessary for election. Tlie annual dues for Active ]\Ieuil)ers sliall be five dollars and for Corresponding Members two dollars ; Active Meml)er3 absent from the Territory for twelve consecutive months or more to be considered as Corresponding Members. Ilonorarv Members shall be exempt from dues. Any meml)er in arrears for one year may, after due noti- fication be dropped from the rolls. 'No member in arrears shall be entitled to a vote or to the Proceedings of the Society for that year. AirricLE 4. Officers. The oflicers of the Society sliall be a President, n Vice- President and a Secretary-Treasurer to be elected by l)allot at the annual meeting. These officers, together with two active niciuliors to be elected by the Society in the same manner as the OfHcers, to form an Executi\-e Committee. Airrici.K ."). l)ri'ii:s of Ofi'ickk's. (a) The duty of the President shall 1)i' to preside at the meetings of the Society and Committees, and regulate all the discussions and proceedings therein, and to execute or see to the execution of the By-Laws. In case of an equality of Vote the President sliall have a double or casting Vote. It shall l)e the duty of the President to deliver an address at the closing meeting of the year. (1)) In the absence of the President the Vice-President shall fill his ]ilace, and shall for the time being have all tlie autliority, ]iower and ])rivil('ge of President. (r) In the absence of the President and Vice-President a chairman ]u-o tem may be elected by a majority Vote of the Active Members present. ((]) The Secretary-Treasurer shall conduct all the corre- spondence of the Society, keo]* a list of members, give due notices of all meetings and take and preserve correct minutes 259 of the Proceedings of the Society; he shall have charge of all moneys of the Society, collect all dues, assessments, receipts and contributions, make disbursements under the direction of the Executivf\ Committee, and submit a report of the state of finances of the Society at the annual meeting or whenever called for. (e) The Executive Committee shall appoint one or more acti\o members from among themselves or otherwise to take care of the Library and Collections, and to edit the Proceed- ings. The Librarian and Curator shall have custody of the Li- brary and Collections, and shall manage them under the direc- tion of the Executive Committee. The Editor's duties shall be those usually pertaining to the office. Aktkle 6. Meetijs^gs. The regular meetings shall be held, unless otherwise ordei'od by the Executive Committee, on the first Thursday of each month. The annual meeting for the election of officers shall ])e the regnlar meeting for the month of December. Special •meetings may be called by the Executive Committee, or by the President at the written request of five Active Members. Five members shall constitute a qnorum for the transaction of busi- ness. Article 7. Amendmext. These By-Laws may l)e amended at any regular meeting Ijy a two-thirds vote of the active members present, a copy of each amendment proposed having been presented at the preced- ing regular meeting. Aeticee 8. Order of Bestxess. fa) Beading and approval of minutes. (b) Beports of officers and committees. (c) domination and election of members. (d) Xomiuation and election of officers at annual rueet- !00 (e) Untinished and new business. (f) Presidential address at annual meeting. (g) Heading of papers on local subjects, (h) Reading of papers on foreign subjects. (i) Exhibitions and discussions of local material, (j) Exhil>iti<»n and discussion of foreign material. PAPERS. A New Species of Fniitfly Parasite from Java (Hy-menoptera). BY D. T. FULL AW AY. Biosteres javanus n. sp. 9 \ mm. long ; head and thorax ochraceous ; closely punctate, rather coarsely on the head, and clothed with silvery hairs ; abdomen yellowish brown, impunctate ; legs, mandibles and palpi luteous ; antennae ftiscous brown, vertex of the head and valves of the ovipositor fuscous. Head transverse, more than twice as wide as long, wide between the eyes, which are convex ; ocelli arranged in an equilateral triangle on the ver- tex, the field being elevated and smooth with a circumferential groove, posterior ocelli almost vertical, ocelli to the eye nearly twice the distance from ocellus to ocellus ; antennae fairly close together, further removed from the eye than from each other, the sockets deep with elevated rims, 40-segmented, the scape and pedicel stout, the flagellum filamentous: face; convex, subcarinate, wider than long, receding below, clypeal fossae deep ; cheeks fairly wide, mandibles stout, curved and apically toothed. Thorax robust, nearly as wide as the head and deeper than wide, meso- thoracic scutum with parapsidal grooves very deep, converging and pro- vided with large fossae: two slight submedian depressions anteriorly r prescutellar sulcus with 4 deep fossae: scutellum triangular; metanotum carinate in the middle and fossulate at the sides with an anterior and posterior smooth transverse band ; propodeum irregularly areolate and somewhat rugose, stigmata small and round. Mesopleurae with a deep- and fossulated sulcus. Abdomen ovate, somewhat compressed apically. 1st and 2nd tergitcs longitudinally striate and separated by a deep sulcus. 1st tergite longitudinally bicarinate, the sides also strongly mar- gined ; following tergites smooth and shining with a transverse line of fine silvery hairs close to the posterior border; ovipositor exserted and longer than the abdomen. Legs rather slender. Wings hyaline, veins fuscous, radius in anterior wing arising at about the middle of the stigma, which is lanceolate, second abscissa somewhat shorter than the 1st transverse cubitus. Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc. IV, Xo. j. June. 1920. 261 $ 3-5 mm. long, black, llie face, orbits of the eye and antennae basally reddish brown to testaceous, legs, mandibles, palpi and sternites of the abdomen (extending on to the tergite of the 2nd segment laterally and the posterior margin of the following segments) Inteous. Described from 19 females and 7 males ' v ype, allotype and paratypes), reared at Buitenzorg, Java, from pupae of Dacus ferrugineus in fruits of Capsicum, by P. van der Goot, 10.8.18. Types in collection H. S. P. A. Exp. Sta., Hono- lulu. A New Species of Immigrant Termite from the Hawaiian Islands. BY ZMASAMITSr OSJIIMA. Of the Institute of Sciesice, Government of Formosa. In the following is given the record of an immigrant ter- mite, which first appeared in Honolulu in 1913 and lia> suc- ceeded in becoming firmly established there. Specimens were forwarded to me by Mr. D. T. Fullaway, Entomologist of the Hawaiian Board of Agriculture and Forestry. According t<» his information, it is doing considerable damage in the city of Honolulu, completely honeycombing wood-products and wood- work. It does not build mounds like many tropical species, but makes its nest in or near the ground, using a considerable amount of soil; it forms very large colonies; it. builds cuvercd passage-ways wlien it comes to the surface. ]^o doubt these are characteristic of the termites grouped in the genus Coptotermes, most formidable pests in wooden struc- tures. After examining the specimens, I came to the conclu- sion that the present species is new to science, related very closely, however, to Coptotermcs fonnosanus Shiraki, from Japan and Formosa. Up to the present, there is no record with regard to the occurrence of Coptotermes in the Hawaiian Islands. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that it has been introduced from South America or the Orient, as sug- gested by ]\Ir. Fullaway. Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc. IV, Xo. 2. June, 19.20. 2C)2 Here I express iiij hearty thaulvs to j\[r. Fnllaway, by will 1-1 ■ (•(Mirtesy I was able to examine these iiiteresriiia' speei- liicil~. Coptotermes intrudens n. sp. Imago: — Body reddish lirown. head somewhat darker; cl\i)eus, anten- nae, legs and ventral surface of ahdomen yellowish brown ; wings h>a- line, with yellowish costal margin. Head .sparingly provided with minute hairs : tlioracic plates almost smooth, witli a small number of hairs ; wing- stumps hairy; al)dominal tergites densely covered with delicate hairs. Head round, fontanelle indistinct; post-clypeus very short, its anterior border wavy ; ante-clypeus exceedingly longer than the former, obtusely pointed anteriorly ; eyes prominent ; ocelli oval, the distance to eye is less than lialf its longer diameter; labrum tongue-shaped, entirely cover- ing the mandibles; antennae 15-jointed "(broken), basal joint cylindrical, 2nd squarish, slightly longer than 3rd, 4th joint shorter than 3rd; pro- notum sulireniform, the middle of the posterior border more strongly indented than that of the anterior; mesonotum and metanotum slightly narrower than pronotum, their posterior borders weakly emarginate at middle ; anterior wing-stumps much larger than the posterior, covering tlie l)asc of tlie latter; median nerve of the anterior wing runs nearer to cubitus than radius, furcating at the tip; cubitus with ca. 8 branches, of wliieli tlie proximal ones stronger; cubitus of the posterior wing with ca. (J l)ranchcs. Lengtli of Iiody 7.00 nun. Lengtli of liead 1.31 mm. Width of head 1.38 nun. Width of pronotum 1.40 mm. Length of pronotum 1 p.qi mm. Length of anterior wing ri.oonun. Sohher: — llead yellow; mandiljles dark lirown ; anlemiae and laliial palpi yellnwish ; abdomen straw-colored. Head and pronotum sparingly pilose; mesonotum, metanotum and abdominal tergites densely provided with hairs. Head suliorbicular, fontanelle distinct, its orifice directed forward; ante-clypeus short, trapezoidal, post-clypeus not separated from forehead; labrum lancet-shaped, the tip hyaline and sharply pointed, scarcely reaching the middle of the mandible; mandible sabre-shaped, with strongly incurved, piercing tip. tlie cutting margin smooth ; antennae 15-17 jonucd. basal joint cylindricrd, 2nd joint quadrate, longer than 3rd, 3rd joint smallest, slightly shorter than 4th; gula gradually widening aiUeriorlN- and converging at tlie tip; pronotum narrower tlian head, ante- rior and posterior borders distinctly bilobed. sides slightly converging ])osteriorly ; mesonotum and metanotum nearly as 1)road as pronotum. 2G3 Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. IV. Plate VII. PLATE VII: Coptotcniics intnidcns. a. Antennae of the soldier, b. gula of the soldier, c. Thorax of the soldier, d. Labrum of the soldier, c. Anterior wing of the imago. /. Left mandible of the soldier, g. Head of the soldier, h. Right mandible of the soldier, i. Posterior wing of the imago. >G4 Length of body 5.00-5.50111111. Length of head with mandibles 2.50-2.63111111. Length of head without mandibles T.63mm. Width of head 1.25- 1.31mm. Width of pronotum 0.90 u. 97 mm. Length of pronotum 0.56-0.63 mm. Worker: Head yellow; abdomen whitish. Head sparingly pilose; abdominal tergites densely covered with hairs. Antennae 15-jointed, basal joint cyhndrical, 2nd nearly as long as 3rd and 4th taken together; pronotum subreniform, its anterior and posterior borders indented at middle, narrower than mesonotum ; metanotum l^roader than mesonotum. Length of head 4.00111111. Width of head 1.28 mm. Width of pronotum 0.8r mm. Hal).: ]roiiolulii, Oalm. Hawaiian Islands. Remarks : The nearest relative of the present species seems to lie Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, from the Island of Formosa, which causes most serions damage to wooden struct- ure.*. It differs, however, from the latter in having the fol- lowing characters: Imago is provided with larger pronotum; head of the soldier does not converge anteriorly, measuring 1.25-1. 31mm. X 1.63mm., instead of l.lSmni. X l..")Gmm. Notes on Callithmysus microgaster (Sharp). ( Coleoptera, Plagithmy sides ) . BY O. H. SVVEZEY. This beetle was first collected by Blackburn (3 specimens), and described as a Clijtarlus by Sharp in Tr. Ent. Soc. Lon- don, p. 103, 1879. It is next mentioned in Tr. Dublin Soc. (2), III, p. 261, 1885. "Rare, in decaying wood on the mountains near Honolulu, at an elevation of 2000 feet. June". (Blacklmrn). It is figured in the same pnldication. (PL V, fig. 46). In Fauna Hawaiiensis, II, p. 113, 1900, Sharp places it in the genus Callithmysus, and adds var. hirtipes( ?) based on "One individual on the ridge leading from the head of Panoa Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc, IV, No. 2, June, 1920. 2G5 Vallej to the peak called Konaliiunini, Oct. -Tl, 1892. On Bohea sp." (Perkins). Sharp again mentions the species in Fanna Hawaiiensis, Til, p 649, 1910. "Oalm, X. W. Koolan Range, April, 1901, two specimens (Perkins). Only six individuals are known of Callitlimysus rmcrogaster. They come, I believe, from three different spots on Oahn, and seem to indicate the probable ex- istence of local races." Perkins in his paper on "The Insects of Tantalus", Proc. Haw, Ent. Soc, I, p. 4."). 19()(;, states that C. inicrof/mie}- oc- curs on Bohea. He says, "I ha\e taken microgaster in May, June and ISToveniber. The larvae I have taken in numbers but the beetles rarely and singly". At the SeptemlxT 191:' meeting of the Hawaiian Entomo- logical Society, ^Iv. Giffard exhibited a specimen of C. micro- gaster which had Ix-en given him by ^ir. Koebele. (Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, III, p. 14, 1914). Recently, I have had the good fortune to rear a specimen of this beautiful beetle. In a fallen tree of Perrottetia mndwi- censis blocking the Cooke Trail a little below the Pauoa Flats, on January 12, 1919, I found several Cerambycid larvae. I c"t out a section of the tree about ten inches long and three inches in diameter, containing a larva which seemed to be nearlj full-grown. I placed this in a glass jar in the laboratory at the Experiment Station, and had an occasional look to see how the larva was getting on. It continued eating and migrat- ing round in the outer layer of wood just beneath the bark. On February 19, it was found to have burrowed deeper into the wood; and on March 25, a fine adult beetle was found moving about in the jar. From Dr. Sharp's characterization of the variety, this would be var. MHipes. This is not far from where Dr. Perkins collected his specimen of hirtipes on Bohea. NOTES AXD EXHIBITIOXS. Cremastns ]iym>eniae. — Mr. Swezey recorded this parasite from Hawaii for the first time. He reared it from the banana 20G leaf-roller (Omiodes meyricki) taken at Mountain Vie\y. AmbJijteJes l-ocbelei. — Mr. Bridwell exhibited specimens of this Ichneumonid and stated that from material collected on Maui, he could distinguish a second species. Unfortunately, only males have been collected up to the present. It is a dark- winged form without black bands on the abdomen. The forui described by Swezey as Ichneumon koehelei is also dark-winged, but only in the opposite sex, its male being a very light form with light wings, Mr. Timberlake stated that the form is con- generic with Amblyteles species, and not so with forms now called Ichneumon. Mimulapis vei'satilis." — Mr. Bridwell exhibited the type series of this bee and also some other bees with very diverse characters, all of which had at some time or other been in- cluded in the genus Prosopis. New Anthomy'id. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited an Antho- myid fly captured recently in Honolulu on Lunalilo St. near Victoria. It is an immigrant not previously collected. It is liirht oTay and has a transverse black band across the thorax. MAY 1st. 11:110. The 164th meeting of the Society was held in the usual place, with Vice-President Crawford in the chair. Other mem- bers present : Messrs. Bridwell, Fullaway, ^Muir, Pemberton. Rosa. Swezey, Timberlake and Willard, Minutes of previous meeting were read and approved. PAPERS. Notes on the Immigrant Hawaiian Species of Ichneumonini or Pimplini of Authors (Hymenoptera). BY P. H. TIMBERLAKE. As there seems to be some misunderstanding concerning the identity of the Pimpla hairaiiensis of Cameron, the writer *Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. IV, Xo_ i. p. 163. 1919. *Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 2, June, 1920. 201 has tliouglit it wise to rede^cribe the species with a review of the host records. In accordance with a recent paper hj Cush- man and Kohwer- the species must be placed in the genus Ephlaltes Schrauk. A species that is best referred to ItopJectis is also brought forward as new. Ephialtes hawaiiensis (Cameron). Pi)iipla liaa-aiicnsis Cameron. Mem. ]^Iaiichester Lit. «S: Phil. Soc., 10 (3rd Ser.), 1880, p. 239, S. Pinipla hawaiiensis Ashmead, Fauna Hawaiiensis, 1, pt. 3, 1901, p. 339, 9, S . Pimpla hawaiiensis Swezev, Ent. Bull., .5, Exper. Stat., H. S. P. A., 1907, p. 42, pi. 5, fig. 5, $ , $. Pimpla turianellae Morley, Eev. Ichn., 3, 1914, p. 00. 00. (in part). There seems to be considerable confusion in regard to this species, probably arising from the fact that Ashmead failed to describe the female correctly. That the hind legs are entirely red in the female was not brought out, Ashmead merely adding to Cameron's description of the male, which was copied ver batim with one slight omission, the length, and the statement that the ovipositor is less than one-half the abdomen. This may account for Perkins believing that there is a second ••com- monplace PimpW in the Islandst, a record which I cannot ac- cept as all the local collections show but this one species and the new Itopledis descril)ed below. ^Morley has synonymized haicaiiensis with Ephialtes tiirioneUae (Linne) after examin- ing Cameron's type male. While there seems to be no reason to dispute Morley's decision that the male of this species is quite typical of turionellae, this in itself even if entirely true is not sufiicient grounds for synonymizing the species, since two species as in the present case may be quite or nearly iden- tical in one sex and as clearly distinct in the other. Hawaiiensis is probably an immigrant from some part of America and Perkins considered that he had seen the same * Proc. Entom. Soc. Washington, 20, Apr., 1919, pp. 186-188. t Fauna Hawaiiensis, 2. pt. 6, 1910, p. 676. 208 species from Mexico. In the entirely red legs of the female and oval propodeal spiracles it is close to Ephialtes punicipes (Cresson) recorded from Mexico and Central America, but differs according to the characters given punicipes by Morley (Rev. Ichn. '3, 1914, j)p. 59, 63) in having no carinae on the propodenm and no trace of areas, and in the male in having the hind tibiae and tarsi black with a white annuliis on the basal half of the tibiae. 5 . — Shining black; the legs nearly morocco red (R-clgvvay), the front coxae blackish at base, the front legs often with a somewhat yellowish cast especially on the tibiae and tarsi, the hind tibiae slightly more brownish although rarely distinctly so, the hind tarsi still more brownish on the upper side, the last joint becoming fuscous at apex, all the claws blackish at apex, the femoro-trochanter . articulation sometimes blackish; palpi yellowish brown, becoming fuscous on the basal joints; antennae brown, the flagellum shading into fuscous on the apical half, the scape black; the line marking the upper limits of the clypeal impression often more or less reddish brown especially at the sides ; tegulae fuscous, becoming yellowish at base ; spicula of ovipositor dark castaneous, the sheaths black ; wings somewhat fuliginous, the, veins and stigma mostly fuscous or blackish, the latter yellowish at base and the costal vein more or less yellowish on its basal half. Head transverse, no wider than the thorax ; the temples short, oblique ; the eyes slightly emarginate internally ; the frons deeply excavated to form the scrobes, with a slight median carina forking in front of the ocelli ; face a little wider than long, convex, slightly protuberant median- ly, with a slight indication of a median carina above ; cheeks long ; cly- peus at apex truncate with a slight median emargination ; antennae slen- der, perfectly filiform, the flagellum with 27 to 30 joints. Face and base of clypeus finely, rather closely punctate; the cheeks, temples, vertex and occiput comparatively impunctate, smooth and shining; the frons very finely punctate, the scrobes sometimes transversely aciculate in large specimens, but usually smooth in small specimens. Face with a moder- ately long, rather abundant yellowish pubescence, which becomes longer on the base of the clypeus and on the mandibles. Notauli absent ; the epicnemia bent forward on the pleura in a broad curve but rather widely separated from the propleura at either end ; the propodeum without areas, only the pleural carinae being present, the spiracles rather small and oval. Propleura transversely aciculate except above ; the mesoscutum and scutellum appearing impunctate under low magnification, but actually with very minute, rather close punctures, which become somewhat larger and very crowded on the anterior part •of the scutum; mesopleura with a similar but somewhat more distinct puncturation above, becoming coarser and much closer below and on 2(50 the sternum, the prepcctus, however, tineli' rugose ; propodeum rugosely punctate becoming coarsely rugose dorsad, the petiolar region smooth, shining and limited above by transverse cariniform rugosities; the meta- pleura finely rugoso-punctate. Mesonotum with a much finer, shorter pubescence than on the face ; that on the mesopleura a little longer than on the scutum and that on the propodeum as long and dense as on the face. Abdomen about a third longer than the head and thorax; basal tergite slightly longer than its apical width, its basal half flattened, not or hardly excavated medianly, forming an obtuse angle with the apical, transverse part; the following tergites transverse, the second longest, the rest gradually shortening, the third and fourth widest ; the second to fourth wtih a slight transverse impression on each side half way between the middle and apex, a longitudinal furrow on each side close to the lateral margin and a somewhat oblique furrow on either side on basal half just within the spiracles, the intervening area between these sulci forming a spiracular protuberance, which is smooth and shining with the spiracle located at its apical end, and forming a distinct although small emargination on the sides of the second and third tergites in dor- sal aspect ; apical margin of the first five tergites slightly elevated and impunctate, the basal half of the first, the basal margin of the second together with the three apical tergites also impunctate, smooth and shining, with a delicate reticulate surface sculpture except at base of first two segments ; apical half of the first and the four following ter- gites otherwise densely, moderately coarsely punctate with round punc- tures, and hardly at all tuberculate either before or behind the transverse impression; the last tergite with two fine impressed lines 'meeting in an acute angle at the middle of the basal margin, the enclosed triangular area having the surface sculpture finer and smoother; pubescence rather conspicuous on the venter and wide epipleura, on the sides of the apical tergites and on the apical margin of the eighth tergite; the basal and middle tergites with an extrefnely fine or microscopic pubes- cence; ovipositor about one-half as long as the abdomen, its sheaths finely, densely pubescent. Legs of the usual type, the front tibiae dorsally thickened at the middle and then somewhat rapidly constricted towards the apex ; last joint of the tarsi about thrice as long as the fourth; the claws simple although greatly widened at base. Areolet of wings sessile, quadrangu- lar, the transverse vein emitted beyond its middle ; the discocubital vein slightly arcuate, usually not broken ; apical abscissa of radius straight ; nervulus a little postfurcal or sometimes interstitial ; nervellus of hind wings broken somewhat more than half way above its middle. , Length : About 5 to 10 mm., smaller specimens being most abundant. $ . — Similar to female, the antennae rarely brown, usually entirely fuscous or blackish; the hind tibiae and tarsi black, with the tibial spurs and a band from the middle half way to the base of the tibiae pale yel- lowish or white; the middle tibiae with a similar pattern, but the dark 270 parts much diluted or brownish and restricted to the dorsal side ; apex of the last joint of the front and middle tarsi with their claws blackish. Eyes less emarginate, the face more distinctly protuberant ; antennae much stouter with the flagellum slightly attenuated towards the apex and composed of 26 to 29 joints. Abdomen about a half longer than the head and thorax, slenderer ; the basal tergite about a half longer than wide, hardly narrowed at base, its basal part distinctly excavated and shorter than the apical portion, which is about as long as wide or a little longer ; second tergite about as long as wide, or sometimes slightly longer than wide, the four following tergites about equally long and all transverse; the seventh tergite narrowed towards apex and about as long as its apical width ; the eighth small and often retracted or concealed within the seventh, divided into two lobes by an oblique angulated suture down the middle, the left lobe overlapping the right, the cerci short and rather stout, situated on either side of the truncate apex; eighth ventrite triangular with the apex rounded, stipites (or valvulae) of the genitalia black, covered externally with a fine, white, moderately thick pubescence, somewhat over twice as long as wide at base, tapering to the rounded apex (sometimes appearing very acute at apex if folded in drying) ; sagittae united with a median suture evident, ligulate, about four times as long as wide at base, tapering very gradually to the rounded apex, apically curved downward and testaceous in color. Sculpture for the most part much finer than in the female, especially on the propodeum and abdomen ; the propodeum almost always with the transverse wrinkles on the disk much reduced or entirely absent especially in smaller specimens, the smooth area of the petiolar region then extending forward narrowly to the base; abdomen finely, closely punctate, with the puncturation finer on the apical tergites, being still distinct on the sixth, much less so on the scventli and absent on the eighth ; apical margin of the first six tergites distinctly elevated and im- punctate, and like the smoother parts of the following tergites very finely reticulate ; the basal excavation of the first tergite smooth, shining and not reticulate. Pubescence on the whole more abundant and prominent tlian in tlic female, being especially long and prominent on the sides of tlic propo- deum ; the tergites of abdomen except the eighth all rather densely pubescent with fine, short, white hair. Length : 4 to 8 mm. This species has been recorded from Hawaii, Lanai. ^laui, Molokai and Oahn by Ashinead and also occurs on Kanai, where it has been collected by Terry, Swezey, Kiische and the writer. It is fonnd at all elevations, but apparently it is (piitc as common if not more so in the lowlands, and is often abuud- ant in Honolulu. 271 It was recorded by Kirkaldy (Hawaiian Forester & At»r!- cultiirist, 1, 1904, p. 209) as a parasite of OiDiodc.^ urccpta Butler^ and of several nnspecified Tineids and Tortricids from Perkins' rearings. Perkins (Proc. Haw. Ent. StK*. 1, 1906, ]). 44) recorded it with other parasites from Omiodcs, Ag)otis, ]'aiK'ssa and Scoiorythra, so that some of these records ahnost certainly do not apply to this species. Swezey in 1907 (Ent. Bid].. ."), Exper. Stat. H. S. P. A., p. 43) recorded it from Perkins' rearings as a parasite of Omiodes acccpta and (). hlacl'hiinii Bntler, Azinis hilarella now known to be EtJnina rolonella Walsingham, and two species of Caroccui. at present known as Arcliips postvittmius (Walker) and Atnorhia oni- gratella Bnsck. In 1915 Swezey (Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, -'5, p. 105) recorded it from the following additional hosts: Cryp- tohlabes aliena Swezev, Euhyposmocoma el-aha Swezey, Crypto- phlebia iUeplda (Bntler), Pectinophora gossypiella (Sannders) and Hyposmocorim liturata Walsingham. More recently ]\Ir. Bridwell has reared it from Cryptophlrhia rulpc.'^ Walsingham as well as from C. illepida. It always issnes from the pnpae of its hosts, and pnpates nearly nakedly within the empty pnpal shell, as the larva does not spin a definite cocoon although it does line the shell with a coinparati\'ely small amount of silk. Itoplectis immigrans n. sp. A rather shining black species, Avith the first five segments of abdomen ferruginous, which in the non-em arginate clypeus, the deeply emarginate eyes, somewhat attenuated antennae, short cheeks, the simple claws of the middle and hind tarsi, obsolete notauli, rather small oval spiracles, and nervellus broken far above the middle agrees with Itoplectis, although the pubescence is neither especially long nor recumbent, and the front claws are also simple. The peculiar coarse and rugose eculptnre of the abdomen is similar to that of certain species of Ilemipimpla. 9 . — Head, mandibles, thorax and apex of abdomen rather shining lilack ; the first five tergites of abdomen and sides of the sixth nearly burnt sienna (Ridgway) ; palpi yellow; antennae pale brown with the scape and the articulations of the flagellum especially towards its base blackish ; legs nearly concolorous with the base of abdomen, the front and middle coxae sometimes yellowish; basal half of the front and middle tibiae and the tarsi strongly yellowish, the apex of the last joint of the middle tarsi and especially of the hind tarsi blackish, of the front tarsi hardly darker; knee-joint, of hind legs and apical fourth of the hind tibiae black; rest of the hind tibiae yellow, shading into ferruginous beyond the middle ; .tegulae and sometimes a small dot on the posterior dorsal corners of the propleura yellowish ; ovipositor black, the spicula dark reddish brown ; wings subhyaline, the veins mostly fuscous with the radix, costal vein, base of subcostal and base of the stigma brown or brownish yellow. Head not quite so wide as the mesothorax, transverse, very strongly narrowed behind the eyes, the temples being moderately long, but very oblique and declivous ; f rons rather deeply excavated to form the scrobes, with a slight medial elevation- in front of the ocelli; eyes strongly emarginate internally ; face nearly quadrate, slightly narrowed towards the mouth, uniformly and rather strongly convex; clypeus im- pressed anteriorly and with the apical margin somewhat rounded ; cheeks very short ; antennae about three-fourths as long as the body, slender and nearly filiform although distinctly attenuated towards the base of the flagellum, the latter 22 to 23-jointed, with a very fine, soft, short and thick pubescence. Face, base of clypeus, and scape finely, closely punc- tate, the face with a short, impressed sculptureless line descending me- dially from the antennal scrobes ; impressed part of clypeus, the frons, vertex, temples and occiput polished and smooth or with excessively fine punctures, especially on the temples, the raised portion of the frons in front of the ocelli very finely, closely punctate. The grey pubescence of the face moderately thick and half erect, and considerably longer on the base of the mandibles and clypeus ; temples very finely pubescent. Thorax short and stout, strongly narrowed before and behind the gibbous mesopleura ; mesoscutum rather strongly convex, the notauH wholly absent, the scutellum slightly convex ; mesopleura strongly gib- bous below the superior longitudinal furrow, the protuberance above the furrow and just below the tegulae narrow, somewhat cariniform, and very much less elevated than the gibbous part below ; epicnemia running nearly vertically upward on to the pleura, not much inclined forward and widely separated at the extremities from the propleural suture. Propodeum not very strongly convex above and weakly declivous poste- riorly; pleural carina complete; the lateral carinae of the petiolar area distinct only to the obsolete apophyses, disappearing anteriorly so that the dentiparal and spiracular areas are more or less confluent; areolar carinae not greatly distant from each other, subparallel basally, continu- ing apically to beyond the apophyses, where they rapidly diverge and disappear ; areola with the confluent basal area more than twice as long as wide, the petiolar region sliort and somewhat transverse, not bounded 273 by a transverse carina above; propodeal spiracles rather small and oval. Mesoscutum somewhat more coarsely and as closely punctate as the face ; the pro- and mesopleura including the prepectus a little more finely and much more sparsely punctate than the face ; scutellum and metanotum (postscutellum) more coarsely punctate than the mesoscutum; areola and petiolar area of propodeum smooth or nearly so, and some- times separated from each other by transverse rugosities ; dentiparal region much more coarsely punctate than the mesoscutum but more sparsely, the spiracular region confluently and as equally coarsely punc- tate, the pleural region with a finer, sparser puncturation. The mesoscu- tum pubescent like the face ; the apex of scutellum and the propodeum with a much longer and more recumbent pubescence. Abdomen somewhat less than twice as long as head and thorax to- gether, elongate fusiform, as wide as the base of the propodeum but not so wide as the mesothorax, the tergites strongly convex from side to side ; basal tergite distinctly longer than the hind coxae and about a third longer than its apical width, the discal carinae extending about to the middle, then continued as rounded ridges nearly to the apex between which the postpetiole is slightly longitudinally furrowed, and laterad of which it is strongly declivous with a lateral carina reaching to the spiracles ; the latter located at one-third from base ; following ter- gites transverse, and becoming gradually shorter towards the apex, the second bein^ longest, the fourth and fifth the widest, and following two the most transverse; second to fifth tergites each with the usual oblique impression on each side at base, and a subapical transverse impression which curves forward on each side to intercept the oblique impression, the area on each side between the impressions very slightly inflated or indistinctly tuberculate, the lateral margins longitudinally depressed and enclosing with the oblique impressions a spiracular protuberance at the basal corners, visible in dorsal view with an emargination behind especially on the second and third tergites ; the second tergite with linear, slightly oblique, deep gastrocoeli reaching nearly to the middle. First to fifth tergites coarsely, closely and more or less confluently rugoso- punctate with oval punctures, the base of the first, however, smooth be- tween the carinae, and the apical margin of the following segments very slightly elevated and smoothish behind the transverse impression, the de- pression on the lateral margins more finely punctate, and the spiracular protuberance and gastrocoeli smooth ; sixth to eighth tergites with the punctuation similar to that of the mesopleura, the eighth somewhat more closely punctate and provided with two short impressed lines converging and meeting at the middle of the base or just in front of the basal mar- gin, with the enclosed triangular area smooth. Epipleura (ventral por- tions of the tergites) rather wide but not strongly chitinized ; the sixth ventrite (hypopygium) squarely and broadly truncate in front of the base of the ovipositor ; protruded portion of the ovipositor about as long as the basal segment and a little longer than its basal or non-protruded por- tion, the sheaths taken together cylindrical, thickly covered with moderate ly long black hair. Tiie grey pubescence on the tcrgites short, recumbent and sparser than on the mesoscutum, longer, somewhat thicker and at least much more prominent, however, on the black apical segments. Legs rather short and stout; the front tibiae a little swollen and faintly constricted beyond the middle; the hind femora somewhat swol- len; the hind tarsi long, the apical joint thickened towards the apex, ex- cluding the claws about five to six times as long as the fourth joint or nearly as long as the second to fourth joints combined which are equal to first ; all the claws including those of the front tarsi simple, slightly thickened at base, moderately incurved at apex and rather small, the pulvilli shorter than the claws. Areolet of front wings rather large, broadly sessile or almost pentag- onal ; the discocubital vein slightly arcuate and not broken ; apical abscissa of the radius very nearly straight; nervulus interstitial, or only slightly antefurcal ; nervellus of hind wings broken somewhat more than half-way above the middle. Length: 8 mm., tlie ovipositor 1.25 .mm. $ Similar in color to the female throughout ; the first five segments of the abdomen ferruginous, the sixth segment black with the apical and basal margins narrowly ferruginous or varying to almost entirely pale except a narrow subapical blackish band; antennae slightly darker. Legs concolorous with base of abdomen, or the front and middle pair varying to yellow, with the upper side of the femora and the apex of the middle tibiae remaining a little darker or more reddish ; the hind tro- chanters and basal part of the pale band on hind tibiae varying to yel- lowisli : claws of front tarsi towards apex and their pulvillus. the apical third of the last joint of the middle and hind tarsi, apex of the first and second joints of the hind tarsi, apex of hind femora and base of hind tibiae narrowly, witli the apex of the latter more broadly, black or blackish. Eyes rather more deeply emarginatc than in female ; the antennae con- siderably stouter, the flagellum composed of 23 to 24 joints, attenuated at base and somewhat less so towards apex; head otherwise, and the thora.x as in female. Abdomen proportionately slightly longer and nar- rower than in the female, the segments less transverse since the eighth is usually nearly entirely retracted within the seventh, wliereas it is always prominent in the female; basal tergite about a third longer than its apical width, strongly constricted at base, the basal third ol)liquely declivous with two dorsal carinae which strongly converge but do not meet posteriorly, the enclosed area slightly excavated and more deeply so at the base ; the apical part nearly quadrate, slightly and broadly furrowed medially, declivous on the sides and with lateral carinae behind the spiracles which are situated a little before the middle of the seg- ment ; second tergite not greatly wider than long, the third to fifth the most transverse, the sixth a little longer -than the preceding segment, the seventh triangular with the apex rounded, as long as wide, and a little longer than the sixth ; eighth tergite when drawn or dissected out is found to be divided by a median unchitinized area into two lobes, tlic right lobe overlapping the left ; the cerci short and thick, inserted on ■either side of the truncate apex. Eighth ventrite similar in sliape to the seventh tergite but not more than one-half as large; stipites (valvulae) of the genitalia black, covered externally with a fine, black pubescence, not very wide at base, somewhat over twice as long as the basal width, and tapering towards the rounded apex ; sagittae piceous, united to form a ligulate organ- about three times as long as wide, and somewhat curved downward at the acute apex. Wings and legs as in female, but the tarsi slightly shorter, the apical joint not quite so elongate, tlie claws rather larger and more curved at apex. Sculpture and impressions very nearly the same throughout as in the iemale, but the spiracular protuberance at t'le basal corners of the ter- gites smaller, the basal segment smoothish vietween the carinae on the Taasal third, becoming punctate above between the apices of the carinae ; and a longitudinal, median impression present on the second tergite between the gastrocoeli. Pubescence similar throughout to that of female, "but considerably longer on the face and somewhat longer on the propo- . Types in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. This species does not occnr on Oahu apparently, as it can liardly be the undetermined "Pimpla" species mentioned by Perkins (Fauna Hawaiiensis, 2, part G, 1910, p. (t76), since undei' any ordinary circumstances it would not l)e called ■^ 'commonplace". 276 Note on Hawaiian Platynus (Coleoptera, Carabidae). BY DR. K. C. L. PERKINS. (Presented by O. H. Swezey.) In the '"Fauna llawaiiensis" two spec-ics of FJaijiiins were de.-fril)ed by ])r. Sliarp. one from Haleakala, Mani, and the other from Ivanai. Xeither of the species was found in any numbers, and of the latter. P. ambiens Shp., only a single ex- ample was captured, although a large number of Carabidae- was collected on Kauai, and these were to some extent exam- ined at the time of capture, in order that I might have a good idea of the number of species that were being collected. Eecently I came across a small tube of Kauai beetles, pre- served nian\' years ago in alcohol for purposes of dissection, and was surprised to find that three of the five examples of Carabi- dae belonged to Platynus ambiens,- the others being the two very common species Mefromeniis pavidus and Disenoclius aterrlmus. A very aberrant female specimen of Ehj/ncogonus hmiaiensis, a few common Proterhiniis, etc., made uji the rest of the contents of the tube. It is remarkable that these few beetles picked up at random should have contained more of the Platynux than were found when such things were specially looked for. I may add that though these beetles had remained so many years in alcohol, they were in the best of condition and were easily mounted. Though placed in the same genus, the two Hawaiian Pla- tynus are extraordinarily different in structure and but for the pronotal setae being alike in each, they certainly would not be placed together, since each of them is far more like to some other species of Hawaiian Carabidae placed in other genera than its congener. I have not compared my specimens with the type, but Sharp's description agrees with them so admir- ably that there is no probability of error; indeed, there is lit- tle difficulty in identifying nearly all the Carabidae bv the Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc, TV, Xo. 2. June, 1920. dcscriptious in the "Fauna", so far as my experience goes. Platynus ambicit.s lias one peculiar character in that the )>ronotuni along its posterior margin has distinct and fairly numerous punctures; and therein somewhat resembles some members of the Disenochus gi-oup (e.g. Mauna) though I can- not remember to have observed this in any of the ^fetronienus section. XOTKS AND EXHIBITIONS. Dolichuvns staidom. — Mr. Bridwell recorded this rr.aeh jiarasite abundant on the south ridge of Kalihi Valley, April 2Tth; two specimens were captured and half a dozen otliers observed. ScoJia manilae. — Mr. Timberlake recorded the tindiug- of this wasp established at Lahaina, Maui, April 12th. Mr. Swe- zey reported its spread to the coast west of Ewa Plantation on Oahu. where it was found flying over Vitex tri folia and Ipo- III oea pes-caprae. Mr. Osborn found it recently at Wahiawa. Oahu. Quite a rapid spread for a new introduction. Pse lid ogonat opus hospes. — Mr. Swezey mentioned this Chi- liese Dryinid leaf hopper parasite as a contrast to the above, for nothing was seen of it from 1906-7, when it was introduced and bred colonies sent around to the different sugar plantations, until 1916, when it was first recovered in the lield, and was found to be quite generally established in the plantations of Oahu. Teuodera sinensis. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a female mantis which he had captured alive on the S.S. Mauna Kea shortly after leaving Ililo, Hawaii, March ord, 1919. She had been kept alive until her death May 1st. She produced four egg- masses on the following dates: March 24. April 4, April i:^ April 25. Plagitlnni/siis sp.'" — ]Mr. Swezey exhibited a series of 7 "■•'Described by Dr. Perkins as Plagithiiiysus platydcsiiiac. see page 345 following. ( Ed. ) specimens of this beetle bred from larvae found in PIafyde-<))ta caiiiiKuiulafa near Glen\vi making the experiment station building its head- quarters as well as a depository for its library and collections. The Insect Fauna of the Hawaiian Bunch Grasses (Eragrostis variabilis and Allies). BV .TOIIX COLBrRX BEIDWELT,. There are several species of Eragrostis in the Hawaiian Islands which are closely allied and have similar habitus, oc- curring usually in the bare wind-swept pali faces, sometimes in rather moist bx-alities. sometimes in resrions which re- Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc.. T\'. Xo. 2. June. 1930. 270 ceive only occasional showers. They are also not infrequently found in the forests where the slopes are abrupt and in -ome instances these gi-asses are to be found growing at only a few feet above sea level. All the species when gi-owing in the wind-swept regions have long drooping leaves and rather short stout stems. They are always in bunches or tussocks, often a foot across. These grasses appear to have attracted but little attention from the early entomologists. Blackburn found one species of CoryJophus, which he recorded as occurring on grasses which probably occurred in bunch grass. Mr. O. H. Swezey first found an endemic insect connected with bunch grass in 1906. which Kirkaldy descril)ed as Kelism swezeyi without indication of the host plant and with- out recognizing its endemic nature. Ten years later a second specie* of KeJusia was foimd by Mr. Swezey in June. 1916, and described as Eelisia em-oloa by Mr. Muir. Since that time much attention has been devoted to collections upon Eragrostis by Swezey, Timberlake, Ftillaway. Giifard and the writer. These investigations have shown that the Inmch gi-asses have a peculiar fauna of their own with several clearly en- demic species, and that the tussocks furnish shelter for several other insects. This fauna has lieen best worked on Oahu but a few species have been studied elsewhere. It is noticeable That many of the species found in bimch grass also affect the sand-binding grass, Sporobolus virginicus. Our present knowledge of the entomology of the bunch grasses may be summarized as follows: Coi.EOPTEEA. COCCINELLIDAE. Diomus discedens (Sharp). This species was originally found by Blackburn and described by Dr. Shaiii as a Scymnus but indicated as proba- bly fonning another genus. Mr. Timberlake, who has studied the species, permits me to use his unpublished reference of this 280 species to Dloinus. It seems to be piirtieiilarly tittaelied to the bimch g-rasses and has been repeatcKlly taken there, l)nt is also found in Bermndu grass. ELATERIDAE. At least two species of endemic Elateridae have been found in bunch grass. Several specimens of one were found in bunch grass in lao Valley, Maui, and two specimens of another on the Manoa Kidge, Oahu (Bridwell). CORYLOPHIDAE. Gronevus rotundus (Sharp). 'J'liis little blackish beetle was found commonly on Manoa Eidge, June, 1919 (Bridwell). The intestinal canal of speci- mens examined microscopically were stuffed with fungus spores. This species, described by Dr. Sharj) as a Cori/lopltus and later transferred by Matthews to his genus ('onjlopliodes. ap- pears to belong to Casey's genus Gronevus. Another species which I have not seen was taken at roots of grass at the Nuuanu Pali by Blackburn and described as Corylophus suturalis Sharp. This has been referred to CorylopJiodes by Matthews. This may also beloi-i; to Gronevus. HOMOPTERA. DELPHACIDAE. Kelisia swezeyi Kirkaldy. In Ivalihi, Xuuanu and Manoa Valleys in the Koolau Mts., Mt. Kaala in the Waianae Alts., on Eragrostis. Also on the similar sedge Gahnia, Kaumuohona and Palolo Crater in the Koolau Mts. Apparently prefers the moister portions of the mountains. '^ Kelisia emoloa Muir. Ivuliouou, Wailupe, Waialae, Palolo, Manoa. Seems to prefer the dry ends of the lateral ridges. 281 Keljsia eragrosticola Aluir. lao Valley, Maui (Giffard, Fullaway, Bridwell), Kalilii Valley, Oahu (Timberlake and Bridwell). • Kelisia sporoboricola Kirklady. Taken on Erayrostls atr opt aides at an elevation of 7500 ft. on Haleakala, Mani (Bridwell). This has otherwise been fonnd on Oahn, Mani and Hawaii near sea level on Sporo- bolus virginicus. CICADELLIDAE. Three undetermined species of Xesosteles ha^e been taken. One is abundant everywhere on Oahu where the bunch grass grows. One was taken in lao Valley, Mani, and another on E. atropioides oil Haleakala, Maui (Bridwell). Messrs. Griffard and Fullaway found a Cicadellid on Eragrostis on Diamond Head, supposedly immigrant. The genus and species have not been determined but it certainly is not any of the described genera known from the Islands. The recent discovery by Mr. Giffard of this species in the mountains of Hawaii j)robably indicates that it is endemic. COCCIDAE. The bunch grasses are commonly infested with mealy bugs supposed to be Trionymus insularis Ehrhorn. Whether other «pecies occur is unknown, but the diverse species of mealy bug parasites found suggests the desirability of a further in- A^estigation of the Coccidae. A species of Pseudococcus has also been taken on Diamond Head which has received a manuscript name by Mr. Ehrhorn. Heteeopteka. LYGAEIDAE. A species, Nesocymus sp., has been found abundant at the Nuuanu Pali. Two specimens of a different but closely related Lygaeid 282 were found on the Manoa Eidge (Bridwell). Later the same species was found by Mr. Timberlake along the Bowman trail on the ridge Ewa of Kalihi. It has also been taken at sea level at Barber's Point and Makapuu Point (Bridwell) on Sporoholus virginicus. Hymenopteka. DRYINIDAE. The Nesosteles found on Oahu is very commonly parasit- ized by an undescribed species of Gonatopus. Kelisia sivezeyl is occasionally attacked by Pseiidogona- topus perJclnsi (Ashmead). ENCYRTIDAE. The genus Xanthoeiwyrtus has been recently found to be represented by several wingless Hawaiian species attached to mealy bugs on Eragrostis. Mr. Timberlake has worked up the species. FORMICIDAE. Several species of ants frequent the bunches. Thysanuba. Mr. Timberlake took a large species (Maclillh) on the Waianae side of Mt. Kaala in bunch grass. CORRODENTIA. Several undetermined Psocidae are found in bunch grass on Oahu. OllTPIOPTERA. BLATTIDAE. Polyzosteria soror Brunner, is very common in the bunch grass on dry ends of the lateral ridges on Oahu. Thysanopteea. An single individual of a peculiar thrips was found on the 283 Maiioa Ridge (Bridwell). Several individuals of another species were found near sea level near Makapuu Point (Brid- well). Lepidoptera. NOCTUIDAE. Cirphis pyrrhias (Meyrick) and C. amblycasis (^leyrick). Swezey has found the larvae of these moths in the tus- socks and other species of N^octuids also are not uncommmon. A number of the moths feeding in vegetable debris utilize the deeaving leaves and stems in the tussocks. DISCUSSION. Prof, Gregory responded to an invitation to address the Society, centering his remarks on the theme, "What Does the Hawaiian Entomological Society Wish the Bishop Museum to Do to Promote Entomology f At the conclusion of Prof. Gregory's address, ]\Ir. Swezey replied for the Society, and after some discussion it was moved and duly seconded and car- ried that the Society hold a special meeting on June ITtli to discuss the subject and formulate a reply to Prof. Gregory's question. XOTi:.'- AXD EXTIIBITIOXS. Jassid on Amaranths. — Mr. Bridwell reported finding this Jassid at Waianae. He believes it to be a species of Empoasca different from any of the described species in the United States. There is, however, a green species doing damage to sugar beets in California, with which he has not been able to compare it. Bliyncogonus sp. — Mr. Bridwell reported finding at Waia- nae the wing covers of a species of Rhyncogonus different from any previously described. Corixa sp. — Mr. Bridwell reported finding at Waianae a species of Corixa swimming in pools formed by the splash of the waves on the coast. 284 Silaon sp. — Mr. Bridwell reported finding at Waianae a species of Silaon — a new record for Hawaii. Spider in Insert Boxes. — Mr. Bridwell reported finding a pecnliar little spid(n' freqnenting insect boxes. It resembles a mite and differs from ordinary spiders in having a cbitinons plate above and below. Probably belongs to the genns Sca- phiella in the Familj Onopidae. Another similar spider, bnt probably belonging to a different genns, w^as fonnd in bnnch grass. Bihionid. — ^Mr. Bridwell reported finding in a salt marsh at Waikiki on May 30th an additional species of Bibionid fly. This species probably belongs to the genns Scatopsis. Another species fonnd in these Islands is referred to a different genus. He also reported finding rather nnmeronly a species of Ccrato- pogon, of which genns there is a different species in the moun- tains. Crpli(d()noini(i. — ]\Ir. Bridwell also reported finding in sedge in the Waikiki marshes, a species of Cephalono)nia, \n\\ dif- ferent from the brown species obtained by Mr. Swezey from Bermuda grass, and from two others found here. Microhvaron sirczei/i. — ]\lr. Bridwell reported capturing eight additional specimens of this species, bred by Mr. Swezey from different lepidopterous larvae in sedges on the salt marshes. Proterhiiuis )nannis. — Mr. Bridwell reported an additional locality for this species about half a mile from the onl}^ other known locality where it occurs, on the same peculiar species of Sirtfonia. The other locality referred to is on the left-hand or west side of Palolo Valley, this locality is to the east side of Palolo Crater on the main ridge of the Koolau Mountains. Sierola from Macao. — ]\lr. l]ridwell reported finding in the material collected by ]Mr. .Muir at Macao, a specimen referred to this genus, which was previously known only from Hawaii, Fiji, Australia and iSTew Zealand. Afjrion .canfliomdas De Selys. — Mr. Bridwell reported 285 noticing this species of Agiioii common in the lowlands. Spe- cies of this g-enns are all considered endemic and the others seem to be confined to the monntains. Xeir Genus of Eneijrtidae. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited specimens of an Encyrtid which appears to be new and which will constitnte a new genus of Encjrtidae near Ocmyrtus Ashmead. Only two specimens have been seen so far, one taken by Mr. Bridwell at Palolo Crater three or four months ago and one recently taken by himself on the Avest side of Mt. Kaala above Waianae. Whether it is endemic or not is not known. Horuiiupfenis vagrans.^ — Mr. Tind)erlake reported taking this Braconid in the same locality (west side of Mt. Kaala above Waianae). It has previously been taken only in the S. E. Koolau mountains and on the lowlands. Xesophri/ne sp. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited a specimen of a thick-set Jassid belonging to this genus, which he had col- lected recently on west side of Mt. Kaala above Waianae. Two other species of the genus have been previously collected on Oahu. one of these was taken by Bridwell, Swezey and Tim- berlake, the other only by ^Ir. Bridwell on windward side of Konaliuanui f Malamalama) . Ilhiiniia oahumsis. — This leaf-liopj.cr was also taken bv Mr. Tind)erlake in the above locality (west side Mt. Kaala above Waianae) recently, on its usual host-plant Charpcjiflcra. Ilolochlora venosa. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a female speci- men of this large katydid which he collected' May 25th on the top of Lanihuli Peak. This is the highest elevation and the greatest distance from Honolulu that the insect has been taken. Tt has also l)een found by ]\Ir. Bridwell on the Bowman Trail. Lagocheirus ohsolctus. — Mr. Swezey exhibited specimens of the adult, larvae and pu]>ae of this Cerambycid beetle taken from a standing dead kukui trunk, May nOth, on Wailupe *Described on page 390 following. (Ed.) 286 Ridge. Apparently the tree had been destroyed by the wind- storm of December 2-3, 1918. The standing portion of the trnnk had been invaded by this beetle. The larvae had eaten the whole inner layer of bark and the outer part of the wood slightly. Some of the larvae had burrowed into the wood for pupation, but others had remained where they had been feeding beneath the bark. A full grown larva of Chalcolepidius erythroloma was also found under the bark. Being predacious, it had probably been feeding on the other larvae. Dolichurus stantoni. — A pair of this Philippine roach parasite was exhibited by Mr. Swezey, taken on Wailupe Eidge May 30th. The wasp was introduced less than two years ago. This is the farthest east it is known to have spread. It has already been recovered on Mt. Tantalus, Lanihuli Ridge, Iva- lihi, and in the cane fields as far west as above Pearl City. Aloha hirkaldyi. — A specimen was exhibited, and ^^fr. Swc- zey reported collecting half a dozen of this Delphacid on Eu- phorbia May 25th along the trail leading up to Lanihuli from the upper part of l^uuanu Valley. This insect had previously been collected at Punaluu and the eastern slopes of Mt. Kaala. Kelisia swezeyl. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a single male speci- men of this Delphacid taken June 1st on Eragrostis variabilis growing at an elevation of 2800 feet above Waianae Valley. This extends the range of this insect, it having been previously collected in Palolo, Manoa, IsTunanu and on the east slope of Mt. Kaala. Dictyophorodelphax mirabilis. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a specimen and reported collecting this strange Delphacid on Euphorbia hillebrandi at an elevation of 2500 feet above Waia- nae Valley. This extends the range of the insect farther to- wards the northwestern extremity of the island. The previous- ly known western limit was the east side of Mt. Kaala, where it was collected in 1916. It has so far been collected but a lit- 287 tie to the east from the Kaiiniuohona locality, where it was first discovered in 1900. Cerotrioza hivittata. — Mr. Swezey reported having collected i;> specimens of this small Psyllid from Xylosoma hawaiiense on Wailupe Kidge, May 30th. This is probably as many as all that have been previously collected. The nymphs were found on the leaves feeding externally without being in a gall, but in a slight depression. This was surrounded by a red spot. ^rlerodermiis chiloneUae. — Mr. Swezey reported finding this wingless parasite of lepidopterous wood-feeding larvae, on Wailupe Ridge, May 30th, in dead SmiJax. It had previously been taken onlv on Tantalus. JUXE irth, 1010. A special meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was held in the usual place, Vice-President Crawford in the chair. Other members present : ^Messrs. Crawford, Bridwcll, Timl)erlake, Swezey, Osborn, Rosa, and Pemlierton, The meeting was held to hear and consider the report of a special committee appointed to formulate recommendations to the Bishop Museum in regard to future needs and oppor- tunities for entomological work to be conducted by this insti- tution. The recommendations of the CVnnmittee, as ad(t]>ted after considerable discussion, were as follows : Recommendations by the Hawaiian Entomological Society of the Lines of Entomological Work Which Would Appro- priately Fall Within the Scope of the Bishop Museum. The Hawaiian Entomological Society, having been asked by Dr. Herbert Gregory, Director of the Bishop Museum, for an expression of opinion as to what the Society considered the j)art that the Museum should have in the Entomological work of the Hawaiian Islands, presents the following recommenda- tions, formulated by a special committee and ad(>j)ted after dis- 288 cussion at a special meeting of the Society cal]e' like an animated dagger directed at the moutli of her prey. This moment of attack is the most dangerous of the ordinary life of the insect and is always preceded by a care- ful examination of the surroundings and the establishing of special means of retreat by gnawing away retreats into the rotten wood if this is necessary. Even with these precautions taken, if the prey is active and particularly if it is a species with powerful mandibular development the conflict may result in the death of the 8cleroderr>ms. Many such deaths were observed under experimental conditions when Sclerodermus i mm i grans was placed with the larger Cerambycid larvae, such as those of Lagocheiriis ohsoletus Thomson, Coptops aedificatnr (Fabricius), and even Prosoplus hankil (Fahrieius), and it was also the case in many instances with the endemic species in conflict with Lepidopterous larvae. After the initial attack upou tlie head, tli? S'elo-odrnniis proceeds more at leisure to paralyze the remainder of the larva and this is frequently a long drawn out and protracted jiro- ccss. While some particular effort seemed to be directed to- Avard the presumed position of thoracic and anal ganglia, the ftljsorvation of hundreds of siTch struggles has convinced me that the stinging reflex is in no way precise but that sooner or later the grub will be stung in every region which gives a muscidar response to the feeding of the female or to her exploratory movements over the body of the grub. To me it seems the venom is injected into the body fluid and produces its paralyzing effect when finally it comes in contact with the nerve centers. Freqtiently the earlier stinging did not result in comjilete and permanent paralysis and in cases where the female was removed from the prey soon after oviposition, the grubs revived and were able to dislodge the feeding larvae of Sclerodermnis. The venom did not appear to arrest the transformations of beetle larvae if they had been attacked dur- ing the prepupal stage after completing feeding and instances occurred where such larvae completed their transformations after the larvae of Sclerodermus had begun to feed. 295 Tolerance. It is of interest that in several cases more than one female was fonnd in the lield associated with a single host larva. In experimental work along this line there seemed to be no limit whatever to the number of Scleiodermus i>n- migrans Avhich would simultaneously but without any particu- lar cooperation join in mastering a single beetle grub and the relatively enormous full-grown grubs of Xystrocera glohosa (Olivier) and Aegosonm reflexwn Karsch were always ulti- mately overcome if enough individuals were placed with them. Further, these females invariably lived in harmony upon the paralyzed prey, oviposited, and the progeny of the diiferent females fed and reached maturity without interference from the others. This tolerance extended even to the grubs of other species of Sclerodeimus and, while the experimental work was not continued as long as is desirable, adults of different species were secured which had developed together on the same larva. This interspecific tolerance is the more surpris- ing from the fact that Sclerodermus inimigrans readily at- tacked and fed upon and its grubs developed to adults on the grubs of bees of the genus Nesoprosopis; of the fossorial wasps Crabo and SceViphron; the ants, Tetramorlum guineense (Fab- ricius) and Camponotus macidatus (Fabricius), and even the ]>raconid and Chalcidoid parasites, Hormiopterus and Eiipel- iniis which were associated with the Neoclytarhis. Conflicts of Sclerodernuis irmiiujrans with its Prey. A fe- male was observed attempting to sting the prepupal larva of Neoclytarlus euphorbiae. She grasped the edges of the sutures of the middle of the abdomen with her mandibles and holding on with her legs, curved her abdomen and body around the larva attempted to sting it on the ventral side in the vicinity of the suture between the fifth and sixth segments. The larva res]»ond- ed to this efl^ort by violent contortions during which it rotated first in one direction and then in the other, but without Ijeing able to dislodge the Sclerodermus. I could not make out whether she was able to penetrate its skin with her sting. A female placed with a larva of Neoclytarlus was ob- 2!k; ^crvtMl stingiuii it ;il)out the head, sometimes barely eseaping the jaws of the larva. After much effort directed against the head, she was seen stinging- it near the center of the mesosternum anosition. Occasionally she Avas able to deflect the end of li(>r abdomen nearly vertically to the surface and held this position, the rest of her body Avell curved round the body of the Prosoplus. It Avas doubtless then that she did her most successful stinging. In the struggles she worked her Avay backAvard and forAvard above the body of the Prosoplus and around and around, constantly stinging or attempting to ^lo so. During the latter part of the combat she seemed to 297 concentrate more of her efforts toward the thorax and head, two or three times she worked abont the head as if attempt- ing to sting there, while the Prosoplus attempted to grasp the end of her abdomen. At length the strnggles of the Prosoplus grew weaker and weaker and she was able to pursue her work more easily and could occasionally clean away the wood dust which had accumulated on her body. She proceeded to the anal extremity of the body and carefully and deliberately stung in the sutures there two or three times near the lateral margin and then worked her way along the body, inflicting a sting apparently wherever she could get a response to her g-nawing the surface, working along thus to the head. By this time the larva was practically immobile and from time to time she would rest and bite at the cuticle in feeding. I did not time this struggle but it must have continued twenty minutes or more and at its conclusion the Prosoplus larva was completely immovable and did not struggle at all when she fed in the usual manner of her kind. Conflict of Sclerodermus chilonellae with its Picij. This species is much larger and stronger than >S'. im migrans and at- tacks the vigorous woodboring larva of Hyposmocoma chilon- ella. Three females were bred from cocoons brought in from rotten wood of Pipturus in which were many larvae of this moth. A larva was placed with these three females and a male on July 7, and on July 10, the larva was seen to be paralyzed and was completely sucked dry. Another larva placed with them on the same day Avas paralyzed on July 12, and completely sucked dry by July 1-1. One female and the male were separated and placed with a large Hyposmocoma rliilonella larva, l)y which the male was soon killed. The other two were placed with another Ilyposmocomu larva about 20 mm. long and they proceeded to attack it jointly, their bodies straight and backing up to sting. They were exceedingly active on their feet, dodging the attacks of the Hyposmocoma. the latter l)eing very aggres- sive in its efforts to bite the end of the abdomen of the 298 Sclerodermas. It seems to be the purpose of the Scleroder- mas to provoke the attack, for when this takes place it dodges and strikes with its sting and the larva sometimes seems to have succeeded in getting hold of the abdomen, but it did not in this case and soon after it became quiescent and the Sclerodermus females were seen feeding over the surface, nip- ping the cuticle to suck its juice. After a half hour or so the lIyposmoco)iUi larva which had been isolated not being attacked and having walled itself away from the Sclerodermus, they were both placed in the tube with the other larva and the two females. Here it was very restless and began creating a disturbance, for it was larger and more powerful than the other larva. The Sclero- dermas female which had been moved with it began to make tentative approaches and examinations, and after she had learned her way about among the bits of rotten wood in the tube, she began to be more definite in her examinations, ex- amining it with her antennae when she encountered it and then began to back up to it and to attack backward. Some of these attacks were made at the anal extremity and a few at the side, but after a while it succeeded in arousing the attack of the larva and the fencing between the two was fast and furious, now one seeming to have the advantage and now the other. The Sclerodermus was once seen with its sting inserted at the upper base of the mandible but the direction of the attack was toward the throat. After perhaps a minute of this conflict the combatants separated and the Sclerodermus retired to a sheltered place. The Hposmocoma larva seemed partially stupefied and ceased to move around so actively. After fifteen or twenty minutes it began to move about again but less vigorously and the attack was renewed, generally di- rected against the head but occasionally pressed against the sides of the thoracic segment. This time the conflict was noticeably shorter and at its end the larva retired a little while the Sclerodermus held its ground. By this time the larva had begun to be noticeably paler, an indieatir.n of 299 the increasing paralyzation. Tliey came to rest with the abdomen directed toward the head of the larva and not quite touching it. From time to time the larva seemed to relax so as to touch the Sclerodermus which would stir slightly l)ut without trying to sting, but the larva would jerk back each time. , After about ten minutes of this, there was a moment of fencing again, only two or three movements of the larva and corresponding stinging movements of the Sclerodermus but apparently no actual stinging and the conditions were resumed. After about three minutes the caterpillar's head sank down but very soon the conflict was renewed, the Sclerodermus at- tacking along almost the entire length of the larva, which was aggressive and changed its position entirely. After this con- flict the Sclerodertniis retired to shelter again some distance away. Definite efforts were apparently made in this conflict to sting on the side of the anal extremity and the side of the thorax as well as at the head. After this conflict both insects remained quiescent for some time but after about 20 minutes, the caterpillar began to move slowly and in about half an hour it was able to move about rather freely but more feebly. In the meantime the Sclerodermus female had joined the others, doubtless more or less confused by the presence of the quiet larva paralyzed by the other two females. Ovipositioth. The females have not been observed to oviposit in unj case short of seven days after emergence, giving them ample time for emergence* consumption of the cocoon, dispersal, finding the prey, mastering the proy, feeding upon it and a resting period afterward. Careful observation shows that the female does not prepare a place for oviposition by piercing the skin of the prey with her mandibles or sting. Tn oviposition the body is curved transversely around the body of the larva. The sting and sheaths aie extended and the hypopygium was widely sepa- ;300 rated from them. She holds herself for some time immobile except for one hind leg and the ovipositor and sheath which move slightly from time to time, tinally the egg glides slowly out under the sheaths and sting. After the discharge of the egg, she leaves at once without examining the egg. The process of oviposition <»ccui)ies two or three days ordinarily, and this is followed l)y some days interval before the next lot are ready. The eggs being large in proportion to the size of the insect a gravid female has her abdomen considerably distended just before oviposition. I'lie nuui])er of eggs laid upon a particular grub seemed in most cases to show some relation to its size, l)ut this may l)e due to the female eating some of her own eggs, for this has been observed in numerous cases where the beetle larvae liad Ix'coinc so dry as to Ix' uusuital)lc for her food. Tlie uund)er of eggs laid in a single l»atch seems to run froui al)out ten to nearlv forty and a single female may lay from four to six or more batches of eggs with intervals or Wxo to seven or more days between ; my observations do not enal)le me to state with any accuracy the number of eggs laid by a single female nor her usual length of life, but probably not uuiny females lay more than 150 eggs nor live more than three months. General Ilahils. The fenuiles are exceedingly hardy in their natural environment and w^ork their way readily through the bark, rotten wood, and debris produced by other insects, using their stout mandibles to gnaw their way about if neces- sary. In my earlier work with them several were lost by their eating their way* thi-ougli coi-ks in vials in which they had been confined. They are not readily killed by cyanide of potassium and frequently revive after having apparently been killed and mouurcd ou ])oiuts. The alate females do not readily employ their wings in fiight but w'ill do so on occas- ion, especially in the sunshine. The males are much less hardy than the females and are usually dead by the time the females begin oviposition. In several cases where a male was :J01 left with a female and her quiescent pi'ey, it has been found decapitated and the fenuiles were jealous of the feeding- of the male on the grub, as the egg laying time approaches driving- it away. The Fveij of Sclerodernms 'n)nni(jra)is. As has been al- ready indicated, the adult females show remarkable versatility in their attacks upon possible pre}' and great catholicity in their choice. It was only in the case of S. irn migrans that I was able to carry on any extended series of breedings but the few experiments which I was able to carry on with the endemic species gave no indication of any difference in this regard, I was unable to determine that this Sclerodermus would reject any Coleopterous larva whatever, and I have succeeded in breeding it from Caryohorus gonagra (Fabricius) (Bruchi- dae) ; ^'^llloxyIon conigeruin Gerstaecker, Schistocerus coniu- tiis (Pallas) (Bostrychidae) ; several species of endemic Anobiidae; Tenehroides mauritaiiicus or a rehited species (Temnochilidae) ; TriboJhiui ferrugineiiui (Fabricius), Gnatliocevus cornutus (Fabricius) (Tenebrionidae) ; Lagoch- eh-us ohsoJetas Thomson, Coptops aedificator (Fabricius), Xysti'oceni glohosa (Oliver), and Xeoclytarhis en phorhlac Bridwell (('eraud)ycidae). In the case of the few Elaterid larvae which happened To be available furious attacks Avere uuide Imt the larvae were able to escape by forcing their way through the cotton plug with which the tubes containing them were closed, dislodging the Sclerodcrnuis on the way. Several Rhyncophorous grubs were nsed but as it happened all died before the Sderodennus larvae finished feeding. In general this was the case with the wood-boring and other Lepidopterous larvae used, the lowland climate be- ing exceedingly likely to induce moulds and other troubles witli tlies ' iidiabitants of the cooler climate of the mountains. The llymenoptera ntilized have been already indicated. Per ha])s the uiost surprising host u])on whicli this ScJerodennus was bred was the termite, Calotermes cantaneus (Bnrmeister). In this si>ecies the mud-like anal discharge occasionallv killed 302 the Sclerodermus, but usually tliey were able to master the ordinary forms of workers and nymphs and the dealated adults, but in every case the soldiers were able to kill their assailants. Several hundred Sclerodermi in all were bred from this host. The only possible prey rejected by this species which were offered were paralyzed crab-spiders from the nests of Sceliphrun, a mealy bug of the genus Pseiulococcus, and the larvae of a species of flesh fly, Sarcophaga. The re- fusal of the mealy bugs and spiders was absolute, the Scler- odermi placed with them dying of starvation. The behavior Avith the Sarcophaga larvae and the puparia into which some of them transformed was interesting and the Sclerodermi showed marked differences in their actions towards the pu- paria. A lot of Sarcophaga larvae were squeezed from the mother fly and placed upon cooked meat, Oct. 8, 1910, and this moistened with water the next day. On Oct. 10 they were removed from the decayed meat, placed in coral sand to absorb as much of the juices as possible, washed in clean water and dried on blotting paper and placed separately in tubes plugged wdth absorbent cotton and a female Scleroder- mus immigrans placed with each. In almost every case the Scleroderiivas removed to the farthest point in the tube and re- mained there. In several cases, however, the maggot in its wanderiujts crowded near the Sclerodermus and in these she attacked the larva with her sting from the cotton but did not take hold with mandibles and feet. On Oct. 11, out of forty- nine Sclerodermi placed with Sarcophaga larvae thirteen were dead and out of the thirty-six surviving but one was found close to the maggot. The deaths of the thirteen Scler- odermi were in most cases probably due to starvation. Some, however, were dead on account of the foul discharges of the larvae, per auo, which had covered the Sclerodermi, and it may be that this was the principal cause of death in the others as well. All the maggots had passed such discharges but it was in some cases dried about the anus of the maggot and had not greatly contaminated the tubes. The maggots were removed 103 and 2)lact'd with the Sclerodernitts in clean, fresh tubes. By Oct. 13 tv.-enty of the fifty maggots had pupated and the re- main ing Jarvae were more or less collapsed and dried up with- out any positive indication of their having been fed upon by the Sclcn)dernw.s. When some of the puparia were opened up the ^clevodcrnvus female at once attacked them and fed upon the ])upa freely and in one instance a Srlcrodermus was seen gnawing away around the anal pit (»f the SairopJiar/a pu- ])ai'iiim in the effort to enter. The kinds of prey actually knoAvn to be utilized in the field are the Bruchid, the two Bostrychids, and the Cerambycid larvae excepting the Xystrocera. It is evident that several things tend to limit them in actual practise: (1) The adult Sclerodevml like to frequent dead and seasoning or rotten wood and practically confine their visits there. The pods of Acacia faiiiesiana in which Caryohorus was found attacked is only an apparent exception. In its properties it is near enough like the wood and is found attached to the bushes. (2) Other- Avise available prey may be able to destroy the females. (3) Some of the prey may not keep in condition for larval food long enough for them to reach full growth. (4) The termites and ants would not usually be attacked because entrance to the nests would be successfully resisted. Prey of the Endemic Species. The endemic species of Sclerodermus have until 1919 always been found in associa- tion with wood-boring larvae of moths related to Hyposmo- como, Semnoprepia, and Hyperdasys, but in August, 1919, Mr. Swezey secured material of S. muin Bridwell from Kona, Hawaii, above Kealakekua in wood of Straussla,- where it was taken from the borings of an Anobiid beetle upon the larvae (•f which they had evidently bred. The mate.rial consisted of two masses of cocoons of three and five from which three and four apterous females emerged respectively. Eepeated ex- amination of material in the mountains near Honolulu has disclosed but little indication of use by any of the endemic species of Coleopterous larvae but S. poecilodes Perkins was 304 occasionally found under circnmstances iudicjitinii' tlie occas- ional use of Ehjaichopliorous larvae. "^^ However, by the use of the larvae of Ncoclijtarhis eupUor- hiae it was found possible to breed the endemic mountain species in the warmer climate of the lowlands in Honolulu. In this way I have been able to breed considerable numbers of S. chiloneUae Bridwell, *S'. pohjnesialis Saunders, and S. poecilodes Perkins.** Only inadequate material (jf »S'. fa)itahis Bridwell and S. l-aalae were obtained. Derelopincnt. The eggs hatch in three or four days, the larvae feed for about live days and the prepupal period, in- cluding cocooning, the prepupal period and -hitinization of the adults, require about fourteen or fifteen days, so that the entire development from egg to adult re(]uires from twenty-two to twenty-four days. This with seven days for the develop- ment of the eggs gives approximate!}^ thirty days from egg to egg. The earlier stages of the larvae feed upon the surface of the prey and then' on reaching their full size the larvae gnaw their way through the larval skin of the host and push their heads and part of their body into the interior of the larva for their final feeding, much as recorded hx Dr. F. X. Williams for Epyris extraneus. The instars of the larvae were not worked out in detail, but an interesting development of the larval mandible was observed, that of the first instar larvae being ap]>arently simple while the last instar has it pectinate with about eight long teeth, the uund)er of teeth increasing with the moults. *In January, 1920. the writer found abundant material of .S". poly- ncsialis Saunders attacking both moth larvae and Clytarhis indecens larvae in the stems of Smilax on Mt. Kaala in the Waianae Mts. of Oahu. A large proportion of the females were alate, the first alate females found in any of the endemic species. **This interesting line of work was cut short by the writer's tak- ing up anew his studies of the Bruchidae. It is to l>e hoped that fur- ther studies of these endemic forms may be taken up and tlie compara- tive biology worked out. 305 The cocoons require about two tiays for coiistnierioii am! are bnilt in a fairly compact mass iu the vicinity of the prey npon which the larvae have fed. This has ordinarily been al- most completely consumed by the larvae and their mother. As has been previously recorded, the mother feeds Avith the larvae and on occasions when the prey deteriorates before the larvae are full-grown she may resort to cannibalism, feed- ing- npon her eggs or larvae. In one instance tw^o larvae were found feeding upon one of their own kind w^hicli had perished on account of the deterioration of their food. The f':'male does not pierce the skin of her prey with her mandibles but apparently forces the juices out through the cuticle with her mandibles. She later feeds upon the juices exuding fvom the wounds made by the larvae. I have not been al)le to discover any certain evidence of any kind of ma- ternal assistance to the larvae. *• 12. SCT.ERODERMUS ImMIGRANS, AN lM:\rTCTRA XT FRO^r THE Philippine Islands. This species was taken originally from the cocoons of the HrwehidjC aryhoru.^ (fwiar/ra. in the pods of Acacia farnesiana on the island of Oahu. In describing the species it was said to be in all probability an immigrant into the Hawaiian Isl- ands. This belief has been confirmed since a female collected by Dr. F X. Williams at Los Banos, Luzon, Philippine Islands, nov; in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association proves to belong to this species. Dr. Williams informs me that the species is not uncommon there and is semidomestic, being associated with Bostrychid beetle larvae in the houses. 13. XoTEs ox THE Biology of a Cepiialoxo^[ia. Several small Scolytidae of the genus nypotlienemus and its allies have been described from the Hawaiian Islands, are numerous in individuals but at present we have but little d(>tailed information regarding their hal>its and they :]06 have never been tabulated. Some of the species are twig- borers, the adtilts mining' in the drying twigs of various plants. The adults are commonly associated in small colonies ; whether these are the descendants of one stem mother which had founded the colony, or whether on accoimt of their abund- ance, several are associated in working the suitable twigs, 1 cannot say. The entrances to their mines are usually at the nodes of the twigs or they may start at the ends or from the ends of the burrows of Sinoxylon conigeram or ScJiisto- ccros cornutus. From the entrance tunnels usually run in both directions, either just under the bark or in the pith, or if associated with the Bostrychid beetles, they may follow the larval tunnels of the latter. In any case the mother beetle, when she has excavated her tunnel to suit her taste, lays five u!- six eggs very large in proportion to her size. The larvae v.liicli hatch from these appear to live upon wood which they excavate for themselves, or ])ossibly they are assisted in this by the adults. These larvae are of the common form of beetle grubs in the group but are very small and feeble. Dr. Perkins records in the Fauna Haw^aiiensis a Ceph- (donoinia attacking these. I am uncertain whether the species i-eferred to is the one whose habits are discussed here, or a brownish one found Iw Mr. Swezey associated with a species of HypotJienemws living in the stems of Bermuda grass. I have never been able to locate living material of any such species in desultory examination, btit on May 30, 1919, I swept a small black Ceplialonomia in the Waikiki marshes which belonged to a species unrepresented in the collections here. Again on examining some twigs of Eupliorbia multi- formis infested by three or more species of Hypothenemus (s 1.) which had been brought in from Ewa Toral Plain on June 8 and 10, 1919, four females ^\ere discovered, three of theui associated with small white cocoons in the Hypothen- oitiis ttmnels. I determined to attempt breeding them arti- Hcially. In order to have control of mv material I cut into twias 307 imtil I funud l>iirrows coutainiiig larvae. These were then transferred Avith a brush into liypotlienemus burrows in a short bit of a twig and this placed in short sections of glass tnbe and this plugged up with cotton after placing a female Cephalomomia with them. This is not such a simple matter, since the female is only a millimeter long and the Hypothene- mus is shorter though very much stouter. One of the females was unfortunately injured and was mounted for preservation. Three females remained for breed- ing purposes. After three or four days one of the twigs was opened and two larvae were found bearing each a single egg on the venter, and in about two weeks, from these a female bred out. This female was so treated for five successive times and each exam- ination revealed larvae of Hypothenemiis bearing one, two or three eggs or larvae, according to circumstances, and a fair share of these reached full growth and cocooned. The other two females were less fruitful and only a single pupa bearing a larva of the C eplialonomia on the dorsum of its abdomen was obtained. One of them died without any egg laying. These trials revealed certain interesting facts : The egg laying is slow; the females can live for considerable time with only their host insects for food; usually adult Hypothememus present in the twigs were dead or if living had lost their power •of locomotion, the only signs of life being a slight twitching movement of the legs. Further observation showed that when pressed for food the C eplialonomia will feed upon the Hypo- fJienemus pupa and adult as well as sucking the juices of tlie larva. Having gone so far in the study of these s^iccics, I became desirous of seeing how the minute Cephalonomia goes to work in attacking its victims. I had found them not disposed to work upon the larvae outside of the tunnels in the wood and they did not easily become interested in larger Xylrhoni.^: larvae ju williwili wood. At lenoth it occurred to me that thev micht work under 308 observation if placed in line glass tubes ^vith their prey. So tine glass tubes were drawn out from the glass tidiing of abciut one-fourth inch which had been used to contain the twigs and larvae placed with these, the larger ends serving as entrance chandx'rs. These tubes were a little larger than the Hypothe- -nemns tunnt'ls. Larvae placed in these tubes with the CcpJia- lonomia alone interested her, but she seemed disturbed. On adding the tine debris from the Hypotlmemus tunnels condi- tions were more nearly normal and I was able to observe her at work making her way slowly through the debris. When she encountered a larva she would examine it for a moment, then proceed to sting it in the head without much of an effort and pass on with little consideration for her victim and no evidence of any fear of injury from its mandibles. AVhen a ])upa was encountered, the apex of the abdomen was the part attacked. In this way in a very few moments all the larvae and a pupa were attacked and quieted. By the next morning all the larvae an'd ])u])ae (six in all) were paralyzed, but no eggs had been yet laid on the second day. ^ly observations upon this species were unfortunately cut short owing to my preoccupation wdth the Sclerodcrnius. It was found possible in this way to breed the species l)ur the time required to find the minute larvae necessary for brecdiug the s])ecies made is possible' to do only desultory work ou this s])ecies. Newly hatched Ncoclytarlus larvae, small Sin- o.iyloii larvae and Protcrhinus larvae and pupae were liowevcr utilized by the adults for food and eggs laid upon tliem. Tlu' larvae of a Scolytid breeding in wiliwili wood ( Eryl/iriiui monosperma) supposed to belong to Xyle- bonis were somewhat slimy upon the surface and were at first rcjcctod, but hitci- u])on being forced to it by necessity were utilized for both feeding and breeding purposes. This colony at length died out through neglect after about twenty adults had been bred and the species has not since been encountered. It is evident fi-om the notes above that Ceplialononiia re- 309 sembles Sclciodermus in its biology, as nijoht be expeerod from its relationship to that genus. So far as ^\c have knowledge of the habits of the Bcthyli- dae Ave may group them in three groups: (1) The Epyvis group, in which the adult is markedly fossorial in habits, feeds on sweets as well as upon the juices of the prey, and lays but a single egg per host. The habits of Epyrls e.rtraiu'us Bridwell have been worked out by Dr. F. X. Williams, the writer has observed fossorial habits in a South African species, and Williams and the author have observed Holepyris hairaiiensis, and Silvestri, an Italian spe- cies- of this genus. (2) The Goniozus group, in which the adult attacks con- cealed Lepidopterous larvae and lays several eggs upon them without uioving them. These species require saccharine food. Several species of (lon'wzns, Perisierola. and Sierola are known to attack in this manner. LaeliKs also ap})arently be- longs with these. (3) The ScJcrodo-iniis group, in which the adults feed exclusively upon the juices of their prey which they attack in hiding and do not move, and several eggs may be laid upon the l)rey. 14. A Xew Gexus axd Species of Betuyi^idak FRO]\r the Hawaiian Islands. Nesepyris new genus. Head parallel sided, elongate oblong, greatly prolonged behind the eyes; eyes slightly hairy, ovate; mandibles nearly straight, crossed in repose, bidentate within before the acute apical tooth ; antennae 13- jointed ; ocelli in an acute triangle. Pronotum not margined nor furrowed, as long as the mesonotunt and scutellum together; mesonotum transverse, lateral furrows abbrevi ated in front, parapsidal furrows percurrent ; scutellum with oblique lateral fossae at base connected by a shallower impressed line : propo- deum margined laterally and behind, with an imperfect median raised line; calcaria 1-1-2; ungues simple; posterior tibiae with a few denticles outwardly; wings with closed costal, median and submedian cells; nervulus interstitial with the basal ; stigma very short and poorly 810 developed ; metacarpus absent ; radius as long as the median, not near!., attaining the wing margin or ai)ex ; wings ciliate. Related to Allohethyliis but the sul)nicdian cell is closed. Jn Kieffer's tables runs to Epyris but the eyes are hairy, the stigma is less developed, the fossae of the scutellum are different, and the propo- deuni has only a single imperfect median longitudinal ridge. Type : Kcscpyris czva Bridwell. Nesepyris ewa n. sp. Length about 3 mm. ; length of wing, 2 mm. Pdack ; mandibles, antennae, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-testaceous ; wings hyaline, the venation yellowish. Clypeus carinate, truncate and thickened at apex ; eyes one and one-half times their length distant from the occipital margin, malar space trans •erse ; front with a short impressed line leading up from the clypeal carina ; ocelli in an acute triangle, the anterior ocellus five times as far from the eye-margin as from the posterior ocelli, these nearer to each other than to the occiput. Head strongly arched transversely, coarsely tessellate, with short evenly disposed whitish hairs ; eyes rather coarsely facetted, with some short scattered hairs ; antennae with the scape about half as long as the pedicel, pedicel longer than broad, as long as joints t and 2 of the flagellum. these and the rest except the last broader than long. Pronotum coarsely tessellate. with short evenly disposed whitisli hairs, longer than the mesonotum and scutellum together, narrowed about one-half anteriorly; mesonotum with the parapsidal furrows converging posteriorly, ending opposite the oblique fossae at the base of the scutellum. lateral furrows about half as long, minute sculpture more transverse anteriorly, pubescence on the middle lobe like that of the pronotum ; surface of the mesoplenra similar to that of the prono- tum. with a simple rounded fossa ; scutellum with the oblique fossae connected b\^ a shallow transverse furrow; propodeum shining, longer than the mesonotum and scutellum together, the sides subparallel. the superior face with the surface punctato-reticulatc at liase. the apical middle highly polished and shining with the surface malleate. some oblique striae laterally, the sides and declivity highly polished and shining, tessellate with the dividing lines not impressed. Abdomen ovate lanceolate, depressed ; tergites highly polished and shining, tessellate. margins of 3-5 triarcuately depressed as in Sclrr- ■odeniiiis. Described from two female specimens from the Ewa Choral Plain, Oahn, Jnne 8 and Angnst, 1919 (Bridwell). Type in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomolo,<>ical Society, -!)aratype in the anthor's collection. Experiments made with the para type female indicate that !11 the species is preclaoeous upon small lepidopterons lai'\"ae, probably those feeding about dead wood. It is uncertain whether this species is endemic or iutvci- dnced. The region where it was found is near sea level but harbors many endemic insects because the aridity prevents the spread there of the ant, Pheidole inegacephala, which destroys most endemic insects where it occurs. 15. lIoLKPYKis iiAWAiiENsis (Ashmcad) AXD ITS Prev. This species is far more common than its congener //. Jiospes Perkins, being very commonly found abovit houses and in places where stored food and feeds are kept. Many desultory attempts have been made to breed it by the writer, but without any definite results indicating the nature of its ])rey. Some observations by Dr. F. X. Williams paralleling those here recorded revealed the fact that it attacks lepidop- terons larvae in a fashion quite as characteristic of the Fos- sores as the work of Epyris extraneus observed by him. Neither he nor I have succeeded in breeding the species through from egg to adult, though we have secured oviposition in numerous instances. The lepidopterons larvae worked with by me have been Erennetis flacistriata Walsingham, Plodia interpunciella lliu^bner, and Corcyra cephaJonlca (Stainton) (all determined by Mr. Swezey). The female lays but a single egg upon a caterpillar, as recorded by Silvestri of one of the Italian species. An adult taken shortly before noon on Sept. 13, 1919, was placed in a tube and a sugar cane budworm added. At about 3 :45 it was attacked and stung in the mouth and then attacked in the head region l)y the wasp using her mandibles, first at the left antennae and around the labium. By the struggles of the Holepyris the larva was turned over and seized by the left leg at the apex of the basal joint. Here she fed for seven minutes. After a time she seized the still fairly active larva, l»y the laluum apparently, and dragged it slowly resisting as much as possible but not very actively, the Avhole 312 length of the tube, where she left it i'ov some time. In oivler to see it while she was seeking a place to hide her prey, 1 joined two tnhes with the original, each snccessively smaller. Slie then reversed the larva and dragged it in the same manner as hefore to the middle of the middle-sized tnbe, where she left it and retreated part way to the original tnbe while she rested near by. When she touched it the larva returned toward the smallest of the tubes, leaving her resting. After a few minutes she attacked the larva, now at the mouth of the smallest tube, and attempted to drag it first in one direction then in another, always holding on by her mandibles to the labium of the larva. For a half hour nearly she continued the struggle when she appeared to sting the larva again at the throat and came to rest on the larva longitudinally in front Avirh her head toward the rear of the larva. Ten minutes later the larva escaped from her at the mouth of the smallest tube and retired to the farther end of the largest tube and then returned to the middle, where she found it,, and holding on by its left antenna Avas dragged by the larva to the middle of the smallest tnbe, Avlierc the hn-va sto])ped, though the Holepyv'i!< attempted to pull it farther, this time l)y the left antenna. Failing this, she walked slowly along the full length of the. larva and back, the larva giving a little jerk at either extremity, then she advanced in front of the larva to the end of the tube, then soon returned and was able to bring it along to the extreme end, but soon it jerked back a little when she walked to its full length again. . All tliese things took al)oiit an hour and ;ir ."> ]>. m. the ol)servatiniis were suspended. At 4 ]). m. Sept. 1."), one egg had been laid, placed longi- tudinally on the dorsum of the ninth abdominal segment. V^y Sept. IS, wo other eggs laid on a new larva placed with lior. The egg previously laid had dried up. The larva Avith the female had shrivelled up from her feeding. Placed Avith two fi-esh larva in a tube she attacked both, stinging them, and fed upon the leg of one of them, this time the base of the 31J middle right leg. Afterward she began dragging it about by the mouth as before. Having occasion to transfer her t(> another tul)e, I attempted to sliake the contents of the tube into another. Severe shaking failed to dislodge her from the larva and the larva being held in the tube by a silken thread, a needle was inserted into the tube and the thread caught upon it and the Holepyris and her prey were trans- ferred from the one tube to the other without her losing her hold. The larva during this time was far from being com- ])letely paralyzed, only the mouth parts seeming to be in- capable of motion, Sometimes she was able to get the larva to move itself in the desired direction, at others it was able to resist her utmost efforts to drag it as she wished. On Sept. 22, the female had placed one of the two larvae in the narrowed portion of the tube and one egg had been laid, this time on the glass, opposite the dorsal posterior part of the larva. The other larva had been sucked nearly dry. On being placed with fresh larvae, she attacked as before and stung the larva at the throat. She was observed feeding near the anal extremity. Afterward she dragged the larva about as before. She died soon after without laying further eggs. This species was common during Dec, 1910, in the warehouses of the .Union Feed Company in Kakaako. About two dozen were taken on December 10 to 12 and placed three or four together in test tubes with some larvae of the moths found in stored products there. It was not long until some of them pounced upon the larvae and after a struggle be- gan leading them about as had previously been observed. The wasps did not appear to molest each other, though one l)assing another at work would seem interested in what it was doing. On the other hand the presence of several larvae in the same part of the tube seemed to cause some confusion on the part of the wasp at work, for sometimes after leaving her prey for an instant she would mistake another larva for the one she had been attacking. 314 The iuliilt females work diligently niaiiipulating the larvae for food, but they are not able thus to feed themselves as the Sclerodennl can, but require other food. It has been necessary for me in working with them to feed them with honey in order to keep them alive. Two males of this species were taken on my office win- dows and one of these placed with a very large female soon mated with her and mating was repeated several times. 16. DlSTINCTIOX BKTWP:EN IIOLEPYRIS HAWAIIEXSIS AND H. HOSPES. There has always been some difficulty on my part in dis- tinguishing between these species from the descriptions. I have therefore drawn up a summary of the characters by which the females may be distinguished. I have never seen a male of //. liospes. Holepyris hawaiiensis (Ashmead), Smaller; antennae dusky at tip; punctures of head finer; submedian ridges of propodeum nearer the median, more distinct and shorter ; the area lateral to them more finely striate anteriorly and more coarsely posteriorly. Holypyris hospcs Perkins. Larger; antennae not dusky at tip; punctures of head larger and more distinct ; submedian ridges of pro- podeum farther from the median, less distinct ; lateral areas more evenly and finely striate. A New Lowland Plagithmysine Cerambycid from Oahu with Notes on Its Habits (Coleoptera). BY JOiriSr COLBUKN BRIDWEEE. The insect fauna of the lowlands of the Hawaiian Islands is now made up largely of immigrant forms brought in through the operations of commerce. With the advent of the European and Asiatic races in the islands and the in- troduction of the cultivated plants and weeds and the develop- ment of herds of cattle the native vegetation began to dis- ap])ear from the lowlands, surviving only on some of the Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. IV. No. 2, 1920. 315 dry ends of the lower spurs of the mountains, in the sides of the gulches, in the marshes, along the sea shore and in some of the more arid regions where the lack of surface water cheeked the wanderings of the cattle. The endemic insects, being as a rule but little adaptable to new host plants, receded with- the plants to which thev were attached. With the spread of cultivation and the introduction of hundreds of species of plants for economic purposes or for ornamental plantings for many years entirely without any system of port examination and quarantine, many insects at- tached to these plants w^ere introduced and became established. Some of these entered into direct competition with endemic lowland insects. Other insects, however, which were para- sitic and predaeeous upon the introduced insects soon adapted themselves to attack the endemic lowland insects and reduced their numbers. Among these one species is doubt- less more important than all the rest. The ant, Pheidole megacepliala, is eminently predaeeous in its habits, attacking other insects indiscriminately and wherever it has spread the endemic insect fauna has practically disappeared, only a few Hymenoptera, such as species of Crabro, Odynenis and Nesoprosopis, some Coccidae, Jassidae, and Delphacidae among the Homoptera, some ITeteroptera, some Lepidoptera and pos- sibly some Diptera have been able to survive where this ant is able to maintain itself in its full numbers. But none of the characteristic groups of endemic Coleoptera are alile to persist where it is found since they are generally sluggish, of feeble powers of flight, and defenseless against the attacks of the myriads of ants present in the cultivated area of the islands. It has been generally recognized that the cooler and generally damper climate of the mountains forms an im- passable barrier to the spread of Pheidole, but it is not so well known that there are certain of the dryer areas of the lowlr.nds in which it is unable to maintain itself. Since these 31G regions are also the ones npon wliicli the native lowland vegetation Las persisted it is natural that the native insects should survive here, if at all. On the Island of Oahu, these arid regions are found at the extreme southeastern end in the vicinity of Makapuu point, and again on the -Avestern side of the island from Kaena point along the Waianae coast to Barber's point, and thence eastward to near the Pearl River Inlet. In general these regions are difficult of access, without good roads and witlioiu water, so as to make camping difficult, and the sur- face is irregular and difficult of passage for pedestrians, owing to the growth of the glue (Acacia farnesiana) and algaroba ilFrosupIs juli flora) v.hieh cover their surface. The native vegetation is scattered and as a ruk' there is hut little to rej^ay the insect collector for his trouble in working there. Such conditions have led to a very general neglect by entomologists of these regions and they have been but littk' investigated excei)tiug tlie AVaianae coast and the vicinity of Koko Head. In 191<;, \\v. (\ X. Forbes, the botanist of the l>isho]) ^Fuseum, .called my attention to the region to the south of Ewa Mill and Sisal as a region where some of the endemic lowland plants have survived, and in ^November of that year the writer acomj^anied him on a collecting trip there. He was rewarded by finding there an undescribed .lassid of the genus Nesoplirosyne attached to a form of Eaplioi-hhi )niiliiformis growing there, and rediscovered the endemic Plutella alborenosa Walsingham, discovering the feeding habits of its larva. It is attached to the endemic caper, Vappanfi sandu'icliiana. the young larva mining under the cuticle of the green fruits, while the older larva burrows in its fleshy walls, <'merging to spin a characteristic Plutella cocoon. In 1918 Mr. (). H. Swezey and Mr. P. H. Timberlake visited the same region, finding there the Conoiopterygid, Coniocampsa resiculigcra. which has rarely been taken. The w-riter again visited the region on June 8 and 10. 1919, finding a new Plagithmysine Cerandiycid, described on a later page 317 as Xeoclytarlus eupliovhlac and ProferTtiniis deceptor Per- kins which had previonsly been taken by Mr. Tiniberlakc on Diamond Head. Both belong to particularly characteristic en- demic Hawaiian groups of beetles and are the first species of these groups to be discovered on the lowlands. Material was brought in from which a second endemic species of PhdcUa attached to Capparis sandivichiana described elsewhere in these Proceedings as F. capparidls by ]\Ir. Swezey, and a new Bethylid representing a new genus, described in another paper as Nesepyris ewa. On June 30, 1919, Mr. O. II. Swezey, ^Ir. E. II. Bryan, Jr., and the writer visited the same general region, going by train to Gilbert and walking by one road to the lighthouse at Barber's Point, returning by another route to Gilbert, find- ing some endemic Delphacids, a Jassid attached to JSLyoporum and an Oliarus which had previously been taken by Mr. Swezey at Ewa Mill and the only lowland species of the genus known from these islands. Here also was taken a second species of Proterhinus {P. excnicians Perkins). Tlie Avriter visited the region near Sisal again on July 0, 1919, and many times subsequently during 1919. These are apparently the only entomological investigations which liave been made in this region, which for the want of any comprehensive name the writer has called the Ewa Coral Plain. The results of these visits have beei^ so interesting and since the region promises to furnish further members of the old lowland fauna, it is worth Avhile to discuss the condi- tions there somewhat fully. The Ewa Coral Plain is made up of an old coral reef which extends from the Pearl Harbor Lochs and the inlet <>onnecting them with the sea to Barber's Point for a dis- tance of about eight miles, extending inward from the sea for a mile and a half to two miles. ISTearly parallel to the southern shore and about a mile from it. extends an old solid barrier reef in which are the characteristic pits such 318 as are found in the fringing reefs at Kewalo and Waikiki, and generally where coral reefs lie near the surface. These pits are of varying sizes. They may be only a foot or so wide, even fifteen feet in depth and in the larger ones there are traces of the bread-fruit, the paper mulberry, the ti, yams, noni, native sugarcane, and other plants such as Tpomoea tuber- cuJata ancl Cassia Gaudlchaudii, which may have been under cultivation. From the first old reef, which seems to lie near where the contour of 40 feet is located on the topographical map, the surface slopes gradually down to the sea, successive reef formations may be noted. On some portions of the plain, par- ticularly toward the east, the surface has sufficient soil for the cultivation of sugar-cane, and in other places sisal has been planted, but west from Ewa Mill and from about a half mile south of the Oahu Railway and Land Company's tracks to the sea, the surface is covered with a growth of glue, algaroba and scrubby lantana, in places quite dense, but generally a straggling growth on account of the scanty rainfall. This region is utilized to some extent as rough pasture for cattle and many colonies of bees are maintained where the algaroba trees are denser and larger. Among the growth of algaroba and glue are the scanty remnants of the lowland flora which furnish a refuge for a remnant of th* old lowland fauna of insects. Among these are a variety of Myoporum Sandii'i cense, Erythrina monos- perma, sandal wood, Acryanthes splendens, Capparis Sand- wichimm, PoHulaca villosa, Sida, and perhaps most important from the entomological point of view, is the Euphorbia, which 'My. Forbes considers a variety of E. multiformis. It is to this plant which Neoclytarlus euphorbiae and some other low- land endemic insects are attached. This Eupliovbia is a low, freely branching shrub which has a short trunk, rarely more than an inch in diameter, which rapidly disappears into a multitude of branches and twigs, 319 the whole plant rarely reaching a height of more than two and a half or three feet. This plant, like others in the locality, has considerable powers for resistance to drought, for here many months may ])ass l)etween rains. Under such circumstances, the Euphorhia may lose its leaves and remain leafless. Branches broken down but not entirely separated from the parent plant may have their wonnds closed with the copious milky juice and callous over without dying. Xeoclijtarhis apparently does not attack the living plant but only the freshly dead stems before they are too much weathered. It is probable that the conditions prevailing in this region furnish this insect more material to breed in than ever was availal)le before the natural conditions were changed. The season of 1919, having been abnormally dry led to the death of an unusually large number of the plants. Three things were observed killing the plants or putting their branches in condition for N eoclytarlus to breed in. An armoured scale, as yet undetermined, occasionally be- comes numerous enough at the base of the plant to kill it. Even if it does not kill the plant it may so weaken it that the immigrant Cerambycid, Lagochcirus ohsoletus Thomson, may attack the weakened stems. This species frequently attacks the ])lant and completes its transformations after destroying the main stem and branches while the plant is living, the finer twigs being still green and flowing with the milky juice. The attack, however, ultimately results in the death of the plant and its utilization by the NeoclytarJuft. Many plants unfavor- ably situated may be so weakened by drought as to fall victim to these beetles without previous injury by the scale insect. The presence of cattle on this area results in a great deal of mechanical injury through their trampling, many branches being broken off and the whole plant often broken down, yet putting many branches in condition for the N eoclytarlus to l)rced in. Whatever the cause of dying may be, the Neocly- hnhis utilizes a plant quite thoroughly before it has time to 320 wcatlior, so as to be no longer attractive to it. Thoy ntilize not only the larger branches and trunks l)nt they may be fonnd in the branchlets no more than an eighth of an inch in diameter. They feed first in the bark and sap wood and then make their final borings and pupal chambers deep in the wood where they close themselves in with the finely counninuted wood, as is not uncommon with Cerambycidae. Besides the Lagocheirus and the Neodytarlm, the immigrant Profioplus hanhii (Fabricius) also attacks the Euphorhiae wood and eom- })etes with the N eodyta.rlus for its food The finer branchlets, too small for them to use, are utilized by two or three small Scolytid beetles of the genus Hypothcnemus or its allies. The size of the beetles varies greatly, individmils 1)ro('(ling out from tlie main stem and branches being usually larger than those from the branclilets.- Apparently they are also smaller where tlic wood fed u])on has been dried than where it is moister. The adults mate soon after euLerging, within 24 hours, and oviposition begins at once Ma!ing is frequently repeated, the female ovipositing wliile accompanied l)y the male and very frequent mating takes place Isetween the acts of ovipo- sition. One female observed mated more frequently than she deposited eggs and was almost constantly surmounted l)y one of several males. She was very much avei'se to leaving the Euphorbia Avood in projX'r condition iilaced with them and when not in copulation was constantly feeling about with the end of her abdomen in search of suitable crevices in which to oviposit. She was observed to ovi])osit iu a ])atcli of shredded wood formed by the larva of Prosupliis und on examination three eggs were found. These were fusiform, dull white, ap- proximately .742 mm. long by 31 S uim. wide, the end by which they were attached being a little more elongate than the other. The distal end is strongly reticulate, the rest smooth. Apparently the eggs are held in place by some slight ceutenting material. In mating the male grasps the female with his front legs, which usually hold her near the middle loos, and walks when ;321 necessary Avitli the hind and middle legs. The tip of the abdomen is bent down in both sexes and after some manipu- lation the female straightens ont the tip of the abdomen, ex- . tends the long hidden terminal segment and intromission follows. The male during intromission keeps in constant up and down motion on the hind legs as a ])ivot l)ending the head, prothorax. and tip of the abdomen. Separation appears to take place in response to movements of the long last seg- ments of the female in search for suitable places for ovipo- istion. The combats between the males seemed very mild, males disputing possession of a female with the one in possession Ijeing fought away with the hind and middle legs and if persistent to some extent with the jaws. If the lualc liad been in possession for some time, however, he seems often to give up the struggle readily. It was noticeable that at first in a tube containing a large male and several smaller ones and only a single female, tli(^.l^rg;e. male was able to keep pos- session for a considerable time, bu.t was finally replaced by smaller ones. The adults paid no attention to honey placed with them for food. Mating and oviposition continued from early in the afternoon, when they were first placed under observation, until sundown at least, and indeed throughout the next day. Eggs laid June 13 at about 2 :;30 p. m. were not hatched on June 16 but were found to have hatched by 10 a. m. June IS and the young larvae found in the tube where they had been placed, escape from the egg having taken place through a slit in the proximal end. The first instar larva is legless, not unlike the older ones, and the middle of its body, its eni]ity mid-gut constitutes a large airspace. From eggs laid in the lab(u'at(>rv during July, adults were secured in i)-2 days, the indoor lu-eeding indicating about tWo luonths as the usual time required for the development from egg to adult. From the branches of Euphorbia brought in to breed out 322 the Xcoclytarlus many individuals emerged of an immigrant Honniopfents (Braconidae) described on another page as H. ragrans. This species attacks the larvae of the Neoclytar- his while feeding near the surface and the full grown larvae _ spin their cocoons in a mass in the horings of the beetle, emerg- ing through a circular emergence hole. This species is gen- erally distributed in the lowlands of Oahu. From the material of Euphorbia attacked were found num- erous examples of the immigrant Bethylid Sclerodermus immi- gnms Bridwell Avhich furnished the material for the further studies upon this species published on another page of these Proceedings. There was also found attached to this species a large species of Eupelmus, apparently endemic and nndescribed. Xcoclytarlus euphorbiae readily oviposited and bred in the wood of the native species of Euphorbia so that a constant and dependable supply of larvae was ol)tained for use in the studies made of the biology of the species of Sclerodermus. This species is the first characteristic species of the group called Clytarlus by Dr. Sharp in the Fauna Hawaiiensis of wliich th(^ food plant is known which is not attached to one of the legumes, Acacia Icoa or Sophora chrysophylla. Tlie name Clytarlus will unfortunately have to be given u]) fiir this genus since none of this group were included under the name in the first paper (Trans. Ent. Soc Lond. 1878:206) in which it was employed, the only species there included being Clytarlus roJnistus y^\\iu-\)=Pl(H/if]nui/sus pulreriilentus Motschulsky, the ty])e of the genus l^hif/ifhj)n/su''< and cris- fatus Sharp since referi-ed by Dr. Shar]i to CallUh'Un/sus. Tn order to avoid any further shifting of names, the former species may be designated as the type of Clytarlus Sliar]) 187S and being thus isogenotypic with Plagithmysus^ this genus must fall as a pure synonym. Clytarlus Sharp 189G Avith fragilis as Ty])e thus is without a name and for it NeocJytarlus is suggested. Aurivilius in Coleop. Catal. 29:387, 1912, has merged all the Plagithmysine genera of Sharp into Plagithmy- 323 sus and with the discoveiy of additional connecting forms much can be said for this course. But whether we consider theui as genera or subgenera the groups "will still require names. Neoclytarlus euphorbiae n. sp. Allied to iV. fragilis and A', itltiiinis but is less depressed in form and much darker in coloration. Dull black ; coxae> base of tibiae, and femora, and frequently the tase of the scape and a band be.vond the middle of the hind tibiae, apical 6 or 7 antennal joints and base of others pale testaceous (the apical joints of the antennae more brownish) ; with rather whitish pubescence on the head, thorax, and abdomen, and on the clubs of the femora ; on the elytra the pubescence is absent in two oblique irregu- lar bands, one before the first, and one before the second third of their length, and the pubescence is much thinner near the apices of the elytra. Usually three transverse ridges on the pronotum^ the anterior one not so near the margin as in fragilis: usually the pubescence is absent on the prominences of the sides of the upper surface of the pronotum forming an irregular longitudinal stripe there. The apices of the elytra are obliquely truncate within and less rounded than in fragilis. Punctures of pronotum and elytra finer than in fragilis. Club of femora as in fragilis. elytra not particularly elevat- ed near the scutellum. Male antennae longer, the apical joints much longer than in the female, Last abdominal segment emarginate but less so than in mediocris as figured (Fauna Haw. 3 : pi. 6 f. 16). Length of type and allotype : 10 mm.. ; length of t.mallest specimens of either sex : 5 mm. Described from a series of 97 females and 107 males bred from the wood of Euphorbia midtlformh from Ewa Coral Plain, Oahu, at an elevation of about fifty feet above sea level, June to ISTovember, 1919 (Bridwell). Type male, allotype female, and paraty]ios in the col- lection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Paratypes in the Bishop Museum, the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association and in the private collections of P. H. Timberlake and of the author. NOTES AND EXHIBITIOXS. Cryptorhyncliiis mangiferae. — Mr. Swczey recorded obtain- ing the mango weevil from mango seeds received from Wai- ;324 hikii. Maui. This is the first record of this insect on ^lauL Phisia ptcvylota. — ^Ir. Swezej exhibited a specimen of tliis rare moth given him by Brother Matthias Xewe]] who had caught it in Plilo. Brother Matthias stated that this moth had been described nnder the name newelli, by Dr. Perkins, from specimens Avhich he had given him from Hawaii. In the Fauna Hawaiiensis, however, it appears under the name ptery- lota, from Oahu. It was not recorded in literature from Ha- waii until later. Jliucliid ill ijujjikey-pud seeds. — Mr. Swezey exhibited four specimens of a Bruchid bred from a seed (^f the monkey-pod tree. The seed was taken from a pod picked up at the Wai])io Substation June 10th. There was a hole in the pod and the seed was found to have sen'eral eggs on it. Kecently these Bruchids have issued from the seed. The sj^ecies appears to be new to the Islands. Leafhoppers from Barher's Folni. — Mr. Swezey recorded the capture of the following leafho]-»pers at Barber's Point near the sea coast on the Ewa Coral Plain, June 20th, 1019: Aloha myoporieola. on ^I ipiporiun sdndiricliciisis. (First record of this insect froui Oahu.) Nesoplirosyne sp., this Jassid on the same host. ( Pre- viously collected only on Hawaii.) Oliarns sp., <;n the same host. (Previously collected at Ewa Mill and in Manoa Valley.) Jlhuriihi lealil. on beach form of Llpochaeta. Kelishi sporoholieola. on Sporoholus rirginieiis growing in marshes and sandy places. Tasmanlan iiisecls. — Mr. Ehrhorn exhibited a collection of insects recently received from Tasmania. He also gave some account of a recent trip to California. Kelima eragrosticola. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited specimens of this Kel'ma, of which he and Mr. Bri dwell took a large series from Eragrodis on Kalihi Ridge at about 1000 ft. eleva- tion, on June 15th. The species was described by ]\ruir front 325 specimens foniid in lao Valley, Mani, 1\t Gitfard and Fiilla- wav. He also reported that he had found K. swezcyi on Ern- grostis further up Kalihi Valley several years ag-o. Nesocynius on Erar/rosiis. — ^Ir. Tiniberlake exhibited a Lyg'aeid collected on Erar/rostis on Kalihi Ridge, June l.^th. It is an apparently new species and belongs in Nesori/inu,s. ]\lr. Eridwell had taken a single nymph on INIanoa Ridge a few weeks previously, and reported that he had taken the species on Sporoholiis at Barber's Point a few days later. . Pseudococcus sacchanfolii. — Mr. Tiniberlake reported tind- ing this mealy bng and its parasite, Pseudococcohiiis teni/i. on the same day in Kalihi, likewise on Eragrostis vaiinhilis. and that several more of the parasites were reared from nuiterial collected at that time. ITe also reported that Mr. Bridwell had collected a specimen of terryl recently on Manoa Ridge, and that neither the mealybug nor parasite had previously been taken except on sugar-cane. Anagyru.s from Antoniiui iiidlca. — Mr. Tind^erlake exhil)- ited specimens of a new Amiriynis recently reared from Anio- nina indica occurring on Bermuda grass collected at the corner of Lunalilo and Victoria Streets. TTonolulu. One male was. also reared the ]ireeeding January from tlu^ same host from Kaimuki. It is imdoubtedly a new immigrant. Eupehnus suhsetif/er. — Mr. Tindierlake exhibited a speci- men of this Eupelmid, which was taken by sweeping lantana and weeds along the Bowman trail, Kalihi Valley, about 200-300 ft., on June 15th. The species appears to constitute a new genus and is apparently endemic, as a closely related species was found by Dr. Perkins at Kilauea, Hawaii. Nesophrosyne on Eiiphorhia. — Mr. Bridwell reported tind- ing the Eupltorhla Nesophrosyne freipieuting ]talnts without leaves on the Ewa Coral Plain. Tramea lacerfa. — jMr. Bridwell noted this species as com- mon at the present time on Ewa Coral Plain, almost as com- mon as the other species of immigrant dragonflies. It is very 32 G a1)iin«lant at Barber's Point near the coast. He commented on the ticneral scarcity of this species previously. Cuiiiocoinpsa resicullf/cni. — ^Ir. IJridwell recorded collect- ing on the Ewa Coral Plain three or four specimens of this small Coniopterygid. The species was taken two or three times when first noticed a few years aiio, and auaiu last year at this locality by Mr. Swezey. Ceplialonomia sp. — Mr. Bridwell also recorded iinding the small hlnck, Ceplialonomia, reported at last meeting- from the brackish marshes at Waikiki, in twigs of Euphorhla from the Ewa Coral Plain, and rearing the same from the larvae of Tlypoihenemus or related Scolytids. It was lu.t known whether the species has been described or not. PluteUa capparidis. — Mr. Bridwell recorded finding a new species of Phdella feeding on the surface of Cappa) /v leaves and doing a small amount of mining. It is (listinct from tnanilipennis and albovenosa and Mr. Swezey has described it as Phdella capparidis.^ P roterhin/us on Sida. — Mr. Bridwell recorded finding spec- imens of a Proterhinus while sweeping Sida ])lants on the Ewa Coral Plain. It proves to be the same species taken by ]\[r. Timberlake on Lipochaefa. on Diamond Head. (Later :eous notes by me. bbidwelt>. Euscelinus peregrinus. — This species has been reared from Sinoxylon conlgerum. Iscliiogonus palliatus. — This parasite was secured from a koa log with larvae of Plagithmysus pulveridentus. Two or three lots were also reared from N eoclytarlus. It requires two to three weeks from egg to adult. j^ew Food Plant of Pifih Boll Worm-. — On Tuly 4th, in ISTuuanu, above pumping station. Hihtxnis j/diiiif/iamis was found. The dry pods contained a ])H])al skin ])Ositively de- termined by Mr. Swezey as that of /^'ctinop/ioifi gassy piella. It is Avorthy of note that Hillebraud in his Flora of the ITawaiian Islands, p. 51, in a note on (lossyjjiiiin (now KoJi'ia) drynarioides Seeman says: "The i'i])e seeds are mostly spoiled by worms, for in consequence of the imperfect dehi- scence of the capside they are retained an undue length of time." It is probable that tlie injury referred to was caused I)y PedinopJiont. SrJilstorcnis coniiifiis. — This Bostrychid was found l)oring in twigs of small diameter. The eggs are deposited in the l)ot- toni (^f the burrow ; the larvae continued to burrow further down; in this way the insect serves as a twig-pruner. Kiawe twigs have often been found following the recent storm com- pletely destroyed in this way. Somewhat similar work is done by Siiwxyhm, but Sinoxylon frequently useg considerably largei- wood, while the bulk of Schistocerus bores comparatively small 329 twigs. It has been foimd in Euphorbia, dead hibiscus, banU)oo, dead dry sngar cane, etc. It makes a characteristic noise in ^vorking. Eupeliiius species. — A large species of Enpehnus was reared from Neoclytarlus, probablv new, and one of the hirgest species fonnd. Gordnis. — Mr. Bridwell also exhibited a specimen of this parasitic worm infesting caterpillar in dead ieie stem. Trypoxijloii hicolor. — He also reported finding nests of Trypoxylon hicolor in the mountains since 1915, but few on the loMdands. The cocoon is long and tapering and separated from the container; at the bottom is a well in which the meconinm is left so that it does not contaminate the larva. SEPTEMBER 4th, 1919. The 168th meeting of the Society was held at the nsnal place. Messrs. Timberlake, Williams, Willard, Grinnell, Pem- herton, Osborn, Rosa and Bridwell present. No officers being present, Mr. Pemberton was chosen as Chairman and Mr. Bridwell as Secretary pro tem. The minntes of the previous meeting were read and ap- proved. Eristalis aeneus. — Mr. Osborn reported EHstalis aeneus heing taken by Mr. Swezey dead in a window in one of the H. S. P. A. Experiment Station buildings. He exhibited five individuals he had subsequently taken upon the Station grounds Aug. 29th-Sept. 3rd, 1919. Mr. Bridwell reported having taken one speciment near Sisal on the Ewa Coral Plain, Sept. 30th, 1919. This species has not previously been reported from the Hawaiian Islands. Ifonidid. — Mr. Osborn also exhibited Itonidid flies bred from larvae associated with and feeding upon the sugar 330 cane aphis at Waipio, Oahii. One larva was observed snckiiiii' the juices from the leg of an aphis. Pachyneuron anihomylae. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited two specimens of Pachyneuron cmtlwmyiae Howard, bred by Mr. Osborn from Leucopis nigricomis from the H. S. P. A. Sta- tion grounds. This is the first record of the species in the Hawaiian Islands. It is the third or fourth species of the genus now established in Hawaii. Delnomimesa lialeakalae. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited and gave notes upon the habits of Delnomimesa haleakalae, which he had found abundantly at the edge of the forest on ]\Iouut Ilaleakala, Maui, at elevations of about 5,000 feet. He ob- served females carrying adults and nymphs of species of the Jassid genus Nesophrosyne, which they were storing in their nests. They burrow horizontally in low banks along the trails. He was, however, unable to dig them out since the nests extended several inches into the stiff, clayey soil. A species of Crahro was found nesting in the same banks. Short-winged Jassid. — Mr. Timl)erlake exhibited specimens of a short-winged flightless Jassid, possibly representing a new genus, taken by him on Mount Haleakala upon a native grass, not yet determined, at elevation of 7,000 feet. Coelopeneyrtus swezeyi. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited speci- mens of Coelopeneyrtus bred by him from the larvae of Ody- nerus nigripennis taken by Mr. Swezey at Kealakekua, Kona, Hawaii, at an elevation of about 3500 feet. One hundred and forty females and two males were reared from a single lar\'a of the Odynerus. Xanthoencyrtus fidlawayi. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited two specimens of Xanthoencyrtus fullaivayi reared by him from Pseudococcus saccharifoUi taken at N'aalehu, Hawaii. These are the third and fourth specimens of the species known. New Locustid. — Mr. Pemberton exhibited a specimen of an undetermined Locustid supposed to be new to the Hawaiian Islands, taken by him at light at Hilo, Hawaii, on Julv 25th, 331 1919. Brother Matthias Is^ewell has since reported to hiui the finding of an additional specimen at Hilo. Trox sp. — ]\Ir. Peniberton exhibited a specimen of a small undetermined species of Trox taken by him at Hih>, Aug. 24rh, 1919. This may l)e the species recorded by Perkins, also taken near Hilo. Cylene criniconds. — Mr. Peniberton reported observing the algaroba borer (Cylene criniconiis) feeding in nnmbers npon the jnice in the pits on the snrface of the yonng frnit of the Xoni {Morinda citrifolia) from which the flowers had recently fallen. ScJerodennii.'^ taniaJiis. — ]\lr. Bridwell reported taking re- cently at the !Nnnann Pali an additional individnal of Sclero- dermus tantalus, previously known only from the nniqne type. S. chiloneUae was recently taken on the Waianae coffee plan- tation in dead wood of coffee associated with larvae identified by Mr. Swezey as those of a species of Semnoprepia. Neither of these insects has previonsly been ol)served in the wood of introduced i)lants. S. chiloneUae has not previously been taken in the Waianae Range. Silaon roliiveri. — Mr. Bridwell exhibited the larval food and cocoons of Silaon rohwer'i, recently discovered by him at Waianae village. The present material was found near Sisal on the Ewa Coral Plain in the pupal chambers of Ncoclytarlus eupharhiae. The larval food consists of nymphs, apparently of a Lygaeid bug, Nysius sp. Crabro unicolor. — Mr. Bridwell reported finding at the J^uuanu Pali numerous cells of Crabro unicolor stored almost exclusively with adults of Ceratitis capitata. Aside from these, two individuals of the lantana gall fly and two large Drosophilid or allied flies were the only other species represent- ed. From 8 to 14 flies were stored in a cell and the material contained perhaps three hundred flies. The locality Avhere they were found was on the leeward side of the ridge north of the road, where the flies, caught uji by the wind on the 332 guava-coverecl windward slopes of the mountains, would be likely to be found. The locality is notorious for the force of the wind. Mr. Williams has previously reported finding a single nest of Crabro twrvidoventris in a somewhat similar locality at a higher elevation stored with Ceratitis capUata. The utilization of this fly by these native wasps is noteworthy. Probably the natural slowness of flight is increased in these localities by the effect of the wind and the lower temperature. BrucliHS Ihnbatus. — Mr. Bridwell reported that the Brucliid recently bred by Mr. Swezey from the seeds of the monkey- ])od (Samanea saniaii), is apparently Brurlms limbatiis Horn, previously known from Southern California, and Lower Cali- fornia to Texas, and has been bred from Side rocar pas flexicau- Jis and an undetermined chaparral plant known as tenaza. He has found it at Makiki Heights, where it had bred fi-om eggs laid on the pods. He had bred it in numbers from eggs laid upon the seeds. Newly Imported insects from Australia. — Mr. Williams reported the liberation at Mountain View, Hawaii, of rolouies of the Ca rabid enemies of the sugar cane leaf hopper recently brought by him from Australia. These colonies consisted of: 68 Drypta australis, Dej. 2 Drypta maMersH Macleay. 66 of a green Drypta. 4 Clilaeniiis beetles with yellow spots. For cutworms. There were also liberated at Waipio, Oaliu, the following- Aphis enemies, also from Australia: 30 adults of CoccineUa repa/nda. 28 adults of CoccineUa arcuaia. 3 adults of a Syrphid. 6 green Chrysopa sp. A Hemerobiid^ Micromiis, was liberated in numbers at Wailuku and Lahaina, Maui, and at Waipio, Oaliu, and Hono- lulu Experiment Station grounds (6 specimens), Oahu. One female Paralaslor wasp was liberated at the Station grounds, Honolulu. Four specimens of a black Chelomis wasp and 4 specimens of a small Ontliophagus beetle were liberated in Ho- nolulu and at Wahiawa respectively by D. T. Fullaway. The Coccinellids are also being bred in the laboratory. All this material was recently brought by Mr. Williams from Herbert River, ISTorthern Queensland. Syrphid flies from California. — Mr. Osborn reported the breeding and liberation of a mixed colony of about 60 adults of Eupeodes voliicns, Syrplius aniericanus and possibly other species. These were first placed in a large cage containing aphids on cane in order to give opportunity for mating, and then released on the H. S. P. A. Station grounds. This material was forwarded from the California State Insectary at Sacramento. OCTOBER 2nd, 1919. The 169th meeting of the Society was held in the usual place, President Giffard in the chair. Other members present : Messrs. Bridwell, Bryan, Ehrhorn, Osborn, Rosa, Swezey, Timberlake and Williams. In the absence of the Secretary, Mr. Bridwell was appoint- ■ed Secretary pro tem. Minutes of the previous meeting were read and approved. The Tahiti Coconut Weevil, Calandra taitensis Guerin, in Hawaii. BY O. H. SWEZEY. This insect was described from Tahiti in 1840, by Guerin, in Iconographie der Regne Animal, page 171, and figured on plate 30, Fig. 4. Doane, in Notes on Insects Affecting the Coconut Trees of Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc, IV, No. 2, June, 1920. 134 the' Society Islands (Jonrn. Econ. Eut., 2, pp. 220-223) describes the work and habits of the larvae. An account of this weevil is also given bv Zacker in Die Schadlinge der Kokospalmen auf den Siidsceinseln (Arbeiten aus der Kaiserlichen Biologischen Anstalt fnr Land- nnd Forstwirtschaft, IX, p. 100, 1913). He says it is not found elsewhere. I have not found any record of its occurrence elsewhere, but in the collection of Samoan insects received by Mr. Gif- fard from Dr. H. C. Kellers, is one specimen of this weevil labelled: Tutuila, Samoa, 900-1200 feet, inland, 1918. August 13th of this year, Mr. Timberlake secured a speci- men of this beetle while sweeping on grass beneath tall coconut trees at Honaunau on the western coast of Hawaii. Searching further for specimens, both he and I collected quite a series of them from younger coconut trees growing nearby. The lar- vae were also found in abundance where they were feeding in the leaf petioles. The l)eetles themselves were most readily found on cut-off ends of petioles, tho they were also found beneath the fibrous layers covering the trunk of the tree. The presence of the larvae was indicated by the conspicu- ous gummy exudation from small holes near the margins of the petioles towards their bases. This was in living leaves, and they apparently were not particularly injurious, for the grove of growing coconut trees was in as fine condition of growth and appearance as is ever seen. That tlie weevil has been present at the place for some time (perhaps several years) is indicated by the presence of the holes caused by the larvae on old dried-up leaves near the base of the young trees. On August 18th, I found evidence of the occurrence of this weevil on coconut trees at Honuapo on tho south coast ; and on August 21st at Kailua; and Sept. 5th at Kawaihae. Thus indicating its distribution on the whole leeward coast of the Island. On August 31st, T made quite a search on coconut trees in 88; and near Tlilo, \n\t without tinding any traces of the presence of the weevil. Since that time, I have also searched for it on coconut trees in Ilonoluln, at Waikiki, and at .M«»analna, with- out finding any evidence of it. Perhaps.it is not present on the Island of Oahn. If so, it furnishes an example of an insect immigrant becoming established first on another Island of the gi'oup than the one containing the main port, Honolulu. The method of its arrival is a subject of conjecture, especially as, where it is present oil the Island of Hawaii, is the opposite side from Ililo, the main port, where it is not to be found. Specimens were sent to Dr. (hiy A. K. Marshall of the Imperial Bnrean of Entomology, who confirmed the identifica- tion of the species and its being distinct from frumenti, the species on coconuts in the Phili]>]iines and the J\Ialayan and Asiatic regions. The Genus Phytometra (Plusia) in Hawaii (Lepidoptera). BY O. JI. SWKZF.V. Two innnigrant species have been known in the Hawaiian Islands for some time: cJmlcitcs Esper and hiloba Stephens. Both are listed nnder Pht.9ia in the Fauna Ilawaiiensis, I, page ino, 1899. The former is quite a cosmo])olitan species and a garden pest. It is found abundantlv throughout the Hawaiian Islands and oven on ]\[idway Island. BUolia is an American species and is only rarely collected here, but is probably on all the islands, having been collected at Kona, Hawaii ; Halea- kala, Mani ; and on Lanai by Dr. Perkins; at Ivilauea, Hawaii, by ]Mr. Giffard ; and at Halemano, Kauai, by Islv. J. A. Kusche. P. j)t('i\i/lvfa Mcyrick was the first endemic species dis- covered. It was described in the Fauna Ilawaiiaensis, ITT, Ft. IV, page 8-f8, 1904, from a single male specimen collected bv Dr. Perkins on INit. Tnntalus, Oahu The female was first colected at Kilauea, Hawaii, bv Pi-othcr AFattliias Xewell. Proc. Haw. Entoni. Soc, IV. No. 2, June. 1920. 336 Dr. Perkins, to whom this specimen v.-as given, at tirst thonght it a distinct hut closely allied species and drew up a descrip- tion under the name P. neirelU after its discoverer. This name was never puhlished, however, for, as Dr. Perkins has written me recently, when he gave the specimen to the British IMuseum several years ago, Sir George Hampson determined it as the female of pterylota. It is recorded in the Catalogue of the Lepidoptera in the British Museum, XIII, page 453, 1913, where both sexes are described and the male is iigiired. The habitat as given there is incorrect. Instead of ''Hawaii, S. S. Korlan Range, 1^ type; Kilauea (Perkins), 19," it should 1)0 corrected to read ''Oahu, S. E. Koolau Range (Mt. Tanta- lus), 1^ type; Hawaii, Kilauea (Newell), 19." An occasional specimen of this species has been taken of recent years by ^Iv. Giifard at lights at his bungalow^ near Kilauea, Hawaii; and Brother " Matthias has recently pre- sented me with a specimen taken at Hilo, Hawaii. On September 14th of this year, Mr. "Williams collected a spec- imen on the ridge at the south side of lao Valley, Maui. This is the first record of its capture on that island. P. cjiffardi Swezey was described in Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, II, page 234, July, 1913, from specimens collected at light by Mr. Giffard at his bunga- low near Kilauea, Hawaii, in 1911 and 1912. A specimen was collected previously, however, on Maui, by the late F. W. Terry. This specimen was sent to the British Museum, and has since been described as Phyfometra psectrocera and fig- ured by Sir George Hampson in the Catalogue of the Lepid- optera in the British Museum, XIII, pages 453 & 454, Dec, 1913. The habitat there given should read ''Kaupo Trail," instead of "Campo Trail." Comparing speciments of giffardi with the description and figure of psectrocera, I find them to agree, hence, as both species were published in the same year, and giffardi earlier in the year than psecfrocera, the latter will be a synonym of the former. Mr. GifFard occasionally secures more specimens of this 337 moth from the same locality at Kilauea as given above. There are no other records of its distribution in the Islands. All of the above species except psectrocera were descril)ed nnder Plusia. Conforming with Hampson's nsage in the Catalogue above referred to, they are now all in the genus Pliytometra. I now add the description of the third endemic species of the genus. Phytometra violacea n. sp. 9 . Head, thorax and crests on the abdomen greyish brown, many of the scales tipped with violet. Palpi of the same color with a sprink- ling of violet. Antennae pale brown. Abdomen grey, with a slight crimson tinge ventrally. Legs greyish brown, with a sprinkling of ochreoiis. Fore-wings brown, with much suffusion of pale violet, par- ticularly preceding first line, a transverse band following second line, a well-defined patch at tornus and a narrow strip on termen between the latter patch and the apex ; in the costal area near base is a small patch of crimson crossed transversely by a sinnuate creamy white line; first line creamy white, from about one-third of costa extending oblique- ly backward to the cell, obsolete in the cell, dorsal from the cell quite evenly curved to near inner angle, a few crimson scales scattered along both sides of line; second line creamy white, unevenly sinuate, angulated inwardly at the fold, obsolete on the costal area ; a creamy white spot on dorsal margin, narrow basally, somewhat bilobed apically and one lobe extending into the cell, in one wing the dorsal lobe is connected with the first of the two oval creamy white spots ol:)Hquely placed along dorsal side of vein 2 ; an oval creamy white spot at end of cell, with a narrow extension towards costa ; cilia mostly violet, brown at middle of termen. Hindwings fuscous brown, basal lialf paler, cilia concolorous. Expanse of wings, 36 mm. Closely related to ptcrylota but differs in the predominating violet suffusion, whereas ptcrylota has mucli crimson suffusion; and also in the shape of the second line wliicli is more evenly curved in ptcrylota and does not have the inward angulation at the fold which is present in violacea. Hab. Kokee, Kauai, January, 1919. A single specimen collected at light by Mr. J. A. Kusche. Type in collection of Hawaiian Entomological Society. XOTKS AXD EXHIBITIONS. Phis'ia pferi/Jola. — Mr, Williams exhibited a specimen of this beautiful rare moth, recently taken by him on the ridge at tlif southern side of Tao Valley, !Maui. The species has iK'cn 138 previously tukon on Oaliu and Hawaii, Lnt this is the first record for the Island of ]\[ani. Kilauea Moths. — Mr. Giffard exhibited a collection of moths recently taken by him at light at his place at 29 Miles, Hawaii. Among- them were PliLsia giffardi, P. liloha and the endemic Sphingid, Cclcrio irilsoni. He discussed the very great variation in the numbers of moths coming to light there at various times in the year. Xeti' Xifidulul. — Mr. Tind)erlake exhibited an apparently unrecorded I^itidulid. The species is undetermined Imt is apparently an immigrant. It was recently taken l)y him from a greasy tin on Mt. Haleakala, Maui. Pseudospectra lohipcnnh. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited a series of specimens of this peculiar endemic Hemerobiid, taken by him on JNft. Haleakala. It .is the only species of one of two endemic genera in which the wings are greatly reduced and are incapable of being used in flight. First records on- Hawaii. — Mr. Swezey reported recently taking the following immigrant species on the Island of Ha- waii. It is believed to be the lirst record of these species on that Island: Bruclni.'^ prui)iiniis at Xapoopoo. Cai-yohoi^us gonagra at jS^apoopoo and Ivawaihae. Heterospihis prosopidis at Honaunau and Kawaihae. Foriuicaleo irilsoni. — ]\fr. Swezey reported seeing an ant- lion, presumably this species, in the rocky ])ed of the canyon about a mile north of Kawaihae, Hawaii. The s]K'i'ios has not previously been recorded as occun-ing in West Kohnbi nor near the coast. Teratnrn sp. — ]\Ir. Swezey reported taking at Hilo two females of the same new immigrant Locustid recently recorded by ^Fr. Pemberton. As far as can be determined from females, it appears to be an undescribed species of the genus Tcratura. Xrsotocus iminroi. — ^Mr. Swezey exhibited a large series of this large peculiar weevil, taken by him in the Kohala 339 jVIoniitaiiis of Hawaii, ou trees of Clieirodcndron gmidichaudil. The lan-ae Avere abundant, feeding in the inner layers of h-Avk of dying branches of the trees simihir to the way tlie hirvae of N. giffardi do on the Island of Oahn. Celerio calida. — Mr. Swezey reported recently breeding a specimen of this endemic Sj^hingid from a pnpa foimd in a cavity in a dead branch of a Cheirodendron tree, the opening to the cavity being closed by a slight web. This was at an elevation of about ten feet from the ground on a tree standing l\y the Manoa Cliffs Trail on the back side of Tantalus, Oalni. It is thought that the caterpillar fed on some other tree than the Clieirodcndron, and sought this as a convenient place for pupation. Aphis-feeding Itonidid. — Mr. Osborn gave further notes on the habits of the aphis-feeding Itonidid recently reported by him. The species proves to be more abundant than had been previously supposed. Eristalis aeneus. — Mr. Osborn reported seeing this recent immigrant Syrphid at Waianae. Mr. Ehrhorn reported seeing this fly hovering about cellular lava rocks in Manoa Valley. The species is now exceedingly abundant in Honolulu. Diachiis auratus. — Mr. Bryan reported finding this immi- grant Chrysomelid at Wailuku, Maui, and exhilnted leaves of garden roses which showed the characteristic injuries caused by the feeding of the adult beetle. Sclerodernnis. — Mr. Bridwell gave furthci- notes on the habits of various species of Sclerodermus. Silaon rohweri. — Mr. Bridwell reported lirecdiug the male of this species from the uiaterial exhibited last moiitli. .1 Dipterous parcmte of Corizns Jnjaliniis. — ^Ii-. IJridwell exhibited specimens of a miiscoid larva found by ^Ir. Swezey in specimens of the Lygaeid collected by him from Eupliorhia on the Ewa Coral Plain near Sisal, which were uufortuuately killed before the ])arasitism was discovered. 'I'lic lai'xa occii- 340 pies nearly the whole of the abdomen, the biig apparently Ix'ing- not seriously inconvenienced by this condition. AVhat the adnlt fly may be is uncertain, but a small Tachi- nid fly has been occasionally found in the regions frequented by Corlzns. Nesotociis uvunroi. — ^Nlr. (lifl'ard exhibited a specimen taken by him dead at 20 Miles, Olaa, Hawaii, Sept., 1919. Kelisla spp. — Mr. Giffard exhibited large series of two species of this Delphacid genus, from the Island of Hawaii, with the following notes: At Kilauea, early in September, he took a large series of both sexes together with nymphs of a species which Mr. Timberlake had discovered early in August on the grass Deschampsia ausiralis. The species is believed to be new, and by the edeagus is closely allied to X. swezeyi of Oahu. Of the second species, a good series of both sexes and nymphs was taken by him at Kilauea early in September, on the sedge Vincc7itia aiKjustlfoJla. This is A', sporoholicola, or very closely related to it. It was originally taken at Puako on Hawaii and on Oahu at sea level, but has since been taken on Haleakala, Maui, by Bridwell in 1918, and by Timberlake in 19] 9. So far the genus Kclisia is represented by two species on Hawaii, two on Maui, and five on Oahu, all the species known in the Islands occurring on Oahu except the one men- tioned above from Hawaii. Syagrius fidvitarsis. — Mr. Giffard reported the discovery by Mr. Fullaway and himself of a severe local infestation of the native SadJeria ferns at 29 !Miles, Olaa, Hawaii, by the Australian fern weevil, and reported on the measures taken to eradicate this local colony. The infestation was apparently confined to about seven acres, and after boimdary lines of the area had been laid out instructions w^ere given to cut and burn all Sadleria and Asplenium stalks and stumps on the area, and appliances w^ere secured to burn over the ground aft- er it had been bared. The Board of Agriculture and Forestry 341 has undertaken to carry out the work of eradicating this col- ony. Mr. Giffard considered that tlie iwvn had not heen in- fested for a greater time than six or seven months. XOVEMBER 6th, 1019. The 170th meeting" of tlie Society was held in the iisnal place, Vice-President Crawford in the chair. Other memljers present: Messrs. Bridwell, Bryan, Ehrhorn, Pemberton, Pot- ter, Rosa, Swezey, and Timberlake. In the absence of the Secretary, Mr. Bridwell was a])]»(>iiit(^(l Secretary pro tern. Minntes of previous meeting were read and approved. A Committee was appointed to prepare an additional list of common names for Hawaiian economic insects. Messrs. Timberlake, Pemberton, and Bridwell. PAPEKS. Some new Hawaiian Coleoptera. HV Dli. K. C. L. PEBKIXS, PAIGXTOX, EjVGLAXD. (Presented by Mr. Swezey.) This ]iaj»er dc^als with a small consignment of beetles be- longing to the Longicorns of the tribe Plagithmysini, and to the family Proterhinidae, recently sent to me for determination and description by Messrs. O. II. Swezey and J. C. Bridwell. The type specimens of the ncAV species in this lot will be de- posited in the collections of the Hawaiian Entomological So- ciety. In addition to these I have described a f<''w new species of Proterliinus of my own collecting which I had occasion to examine in the course of working out the othevs. The Types of these are in my own collection. The specimens sent had been collected wuth great care and in nearly every case the trees or plants on which they were fonnd had been carefully noted. This is of great importance 342 in the case of the Longiconi'^, but even more so in that of the excessively clifHcnlt genns ProferJtiiitts. for without such data one niay well despair of arriving at any definite conclusion as to the validity of many of the species, the variation often being excessive and the distinguishing characters very slight and diffi- cult to appreciate. At present I am myself left with a collec- tion fi-rmi all the Islands of hundreds or thousands of undeter- mined or dubious, though w-ell-mounted, specimens. If it were possilde for me to receive other such consignments, carefidly collected with data, I should hope to be able after a time to revise the whole genus, and possibly to make some such tabula- tion (if the species as would facilitate their identification. A> might have been expected, some of the species formerly de- scriljed by me are now known not to be distinct, while others once thought to be confined to one Island, I have sul)sequently taken on others. Some of the earlier species contained more than one form under the same name. In my collection these mistakes have been mostly rectified, but I have not had the opportunity of making the same corrections in the other col- lections. In this paper, I have not- dealt with such matters to any considerable extent, as it has been advisable to complete the descriptions of new species and return the specimens as quickly as possible, because all my c(tlleetions have to be packed up for an almost immediate removal to a new address. I would urge those, who are fortiniate enough to have the o])portunity of collecting further specimens, to aim at getting together a smaller collection of specimens with accurate notes as to food plants and other data, rather than a much larger one collected at random, though the former method occupies much more time. I feel sure that it is only from careful col- lecting of specimens that really definite results are to be expected. In examples collected at random one can always pick out certain species, as obviously distinct, but a large amount of the material will remain dubious or undetermined. At most one can say that specimens without careful notes as 34U to food-plant, etc., are better than nothing. Casually collected examjjles in indifferent condition are almost valueless. Cerambycidae, Plagitii:\ivsixi. Nesithmysus gen. nov. Tliis nanu' is proposed for ;i large species of tlie Plagitlimysini. witli a much wider prothorax tlian that of Plaaithniysus. this part heing hardly less wide in the middle than the hase of the elytra. The latter are long, less pointed or cuneate tlian in Plai^itliiiiysiis, and the wings in repose are shorter, so that the tips which arc bent inwards, can l)e almost, if not quite, covered by the elytra. Owing to the length and form of the wing-cases, the insect has a heavy and less elegant facies than that of the other genus. The pronotum has a median crest well elevated in front and behind, the ridges on either side of this are repre- sented by black callus lines elevated into strong tubercles posteriorly. The second and following joints of the antennae have only very sparse line hairs. The hind femora have a well-marked apical club, very sim- ilar to that of some species of Clytarlus. Tlie hind tibiae and tarsi are only thinly clothed with hair and differ greatly in this respect from normal Plagithmysus. The elytra have no definite pattern of markings, being clothed with extremely minute pubescence, but at the extreme base between the scutellum and the shoulders there is an indetinite area clothed with longer and denser yellow hair. Obs. I do not think it possilde to retain this insect in either of the two o-enera referred to ahove, hut it is more nearly allied to Cli/tarhis than to the other. Dr. Shai'p has already pointed out that certain sjx'cies described l)y him, liav- ing intermediate characters, are placed with dilRculty. At ])resent, I lind it convenient to assign to PlagitJiDiysus all those species which closely agree in the dense clothing of the hind tibiae and tarsi, although this causes some changes in the ar- rangement ado]ited in the "Fauna ITawaiiensis". Tliis ])liin Avill throw iuto Cli/farlii-^ some species now included imder rJagithmyytus. but which in general facies seem to agree l)etter with the former. \ have alluded to this nuitter because one of ihese troublesome foi-nis is dcscrilx'd l)elow. Nesithmysus bridwelli n. sp. Ferruginous or rnfescent ; the head black, tliorax l)eneath largely l)lack or dark. A stripe on the median crest of the pronotum (varying in 344 -width), one on each side of this, not reaching either the front or hind margins, and ending in a bifid dilatation at the posterior tubercles, a small spot on each side at about the middle of the length of the pro- notum, black. More or less of the scutellum, the , extreme tips of the femora and the apices of the hind tibiae (at least beneath) are also ■dark. Face beneath the antennae with yellow hair, an indefinite pubes- cent patch of this color at the base of each wing-case and a spot at either extremity of the mesopleura ; breast with pale flavescent pubescence. Sides of abdomen with minute appressed pubescence and closely punc- tured, the general surface between these shining, sparsely punctured and clothed with erect, fine hairs. Fifth ventral segment excised at the apex in the middle. The pronotal crest is much more pointed in front in one example than in the other, but such variation is common in Pla^iithiiiysus. The individuals examined have the appearance of being females, but the sex is not certain without dissection. Length, 22-24 mm- Hab. Oahn, Mt. Kaala; oue on ohia lelina July 4, 1916 (O. H. Swezey) ; one on July 22, 1917, on Bruiissais'Kt (J. C. Brichvell). Described from these two exani]^les. Plagithmysus swezeyi n. sp. Head, pronotum and breast red. elytra black. Legs black or nearly so, but the femora are red on the basal portion, more yellow in the case of the hind pair, where the pale portion occupies about half their length. Antennae dark brown or blackish fuscous. Hairs of the hind tibiae and tarsi dark. Face with minute white hairs (perhaps abraded), labrum and the adjoining part above with yellow setae. Pronotum with a narrow snow-white band on either side of the median crest, the liands not dense, and a trace of a small white spot on the middle of the densely punctate sides. Elytra shining, roughly punctured on the lia.sal portion and with small spots (not closely placed) of snow-white hairs; on the posterior half the spots are placed in a line on cither side of the suture and become minute towards the apex ; the .spots are mostly -much separated from one another. Mesopleura with a dense white spot in front and behind. Hairs of the hind tibiae and tarsi dark. Length, male, 15 mm., with the exposed tips of wings. This very elegant species belongs to the t'iftlcollis group, and should "be placed next to P. longulus (which will probably prove distinct from P. vitticoUis). It is readily distinguished by the red head and pronotum and the two narrow snow-white pronotal vittae. The female will very likely liave a smooth impunctate area on the sides of the pronotum. IT.vB. Hawaii, Ninlii. A single male, captured May 19, 1917, by Mr. Swezej, is the only example I have seen. 345 Plagithmysus platydesmae n. sp. Head and usually the thorax hlack, but the latter may be pitchy or reddish down the middle. Ebtra brown or yellowish brown at the sides and usually on the basal portion in front of the median black-pubescent area. On the middle portion from the base of the furcate lines to the tips they are darker, generally nearly black or dark brown. In one example the dark part occupies all the middle right up to the base, only the humeral section of the base being brown. Antennae dark, the scape more or less red, and the following joints sometimes also red-tinged. Femora red, black at the apex. Face densely clothed with yellow hair, the pronotal vittae dense, yel- low, usually broad, the lateral ones occupying the whole deflexed sides, except that they enclose or are deeply divided by a glabrous strip. Elytra with a deep black tomentose spot across the suture towards the base (as in the other members of the bishopi group), in front of this with by no means dense, yellow hairs, and more or less roughly punc- tured : the longitudinal lines furcate, of dense yellow hairs and with a feeble line of the same color produced backwards from the tip of the furcation on each side. On the apical portion of the elytra the punctures become obsolete or subobsolete. Mesopleura with a continuous, or almost continuous, band of dense yellow hair, and the abdominal segments with a dense band of the same color, broken into spots if the segments themselves are greatly distended. Hind tarsi with dense white hairs. Breast beneath with a yellow band reaching from the front to behind the middle coxae. Length, 13-18 mm. One example, which is certainly a female, has the glabrous area en- closed in the band on the side of the pronotum highly polished to a large extent; but another, which, from the appearance of the abdomen, is also of that sex, has it dull, and densely punctured, as in the male. Most like P. coUaris of Maui, but with totally different pronotal orna- mentation, and with the apical portion of the elytra much less definitely punctured. IIab. Hawaii, Glenwood (^rareh 2, 1919, Swezey). Seven examples bred from affected wood of Platydesma campanulata bronght down from this locality to Honolulu. The description is drawn up from these examples. All the other members of the hishopi gronp are known to be attached to Pelea, which is placed next to Platydesm-a in Hillebrand's ''Flora'\ P. hishopi was bred by me from Zanfhoxyhim (also an allied tree) as well as from Pelea. Plagithmysus elegans Sharp. I possess the female of this species. It does not seem to 346 differ in any important manner from the male described l)y Sharp. Plagithmysus giffardi Perkins. [ think it possible that there were two speeies contained in the eight examples on \vhich F. suJpliiirc.scciis was originally described. Most of the examples taken were found on Vrcra, in which tree it was breeding; some had to be kept alive in order to become mature. Two or three specimens, however, were captnred on the wing in a slightly different locality and it is possible that these were the same as the form I snbse- (piently described as F. giffardi. Both in the diagnosis and in the English description, Dr. Sharp refers to the '^rnfescent" or '^fnlvotestaceous" area at the base of the elytra, and this accords Avitli my recollection of the specimens obtained on Vvem. The figure in the ''Fauna Hawaiiensis"' does not show these mark- ings and may have been made from one of the examples taken en the wing and likely to he giffardi. In the remarks on varia- tion, Dr. Sharp refers to a reduction of the black color, but not to its extension in any of the specimens. Although I have in the past had many specimens of giffardi, and still have a score left, I have seen none with the elytral markings of sidplttirc.^t- rcns. All the former were from Myrsinc (now known as Saf- tonia). Clytarlus indecens n. sp. Head and pronotum dull red, sometimes nearly entirely suffused with black, the femora not much different from these in color, generally of a browner tint ; hind tibiae more yellow, paler than the femora, distinctly dark on about the. apical third or fourth. Antennae for the most part testaceous, and nearly concolorous with the elytra. The general appear- ance is that of C. iiiodcsfiis Sharp, but under a moderate lense the pro- notum and elytra appear glabrous, while under a compound microscope it is seen that a short ' seta springs from each of the elytral punctures. There is no pattern of any sort formed by pubescence and the elytra are densely, somewhat strongly, rugulosely punctured, the sculpture distinct even at the sides and on the apical portions. Two slightly raised parallel lines extend from the base to beyond the middle of the wing- cases, and another pair outwardly and parallel to these from the neigh- 347 borhood of tlie shuuldcrs. The hind femora are tliin at the base and then gradually dilated to near the apex, quite unlike normal Clytarlus and in fact much more like true Plagithmysus. They are less like those of the former genus than arc those of the abnormal P. iinmundus Sharp (F. W. Ill, 646). The hind tibiae and tarsi are very inconspicuously hairy (see remarks alwve under genus Ncsithiiiysus) . Length, 7-10 mm. Obs. All the typical Clytarhis, as at present known, are attached either to Acacia hoa or to Sophora chrysopliyJla and althongh many Plagithmysus feed on these, others aflfect most varied plants. Those species of Clytarlus which are not at- tached to the Acacias are abnormal in strnctnre and will prob- ably be separated genericallj from either genns in the futnre. Hab, Oahn, Mt. Kaala; one example (the type) collected by IT. T. Osborn, Sept. 7, 1913 ; three examples bred from dead stems of Sniilax (Jnly 9, 1916, Swezey). The descrip- tion is mainly drawn np from the type and best preserved spec- imen. The other three examples all appear to have died before becoming properly matnre and are not in good condition, thongh easily identifiable. Proterhinidae. Proterhinus swezeyi n. sp. A large species with the surface of the pronotum and elytra very uneven and the erect setae very long, numerous, and conspicuous. Red- dish fuscous, some parts (e.g. the humeral parts of the elytra) being more red, others more obscure in color. Legs and antennae red, the for- mer of paler color than the latter. Rostrum of the female short, hardly longer than its greatest width, eyes well-developed and extremely prominent, not dififering much from those of some examples of P. deinops, but the head has not the strong transverse constriction of the latter. The rostrum is not polished in the middle, but minutely sculptured there, and the grooved lines on each side of this owing to the sculpture towards the sides being longitudinally rugose do not stand out distinctly. Antennae slender and of good length ; the scape elongate triangular, and stout ; the club slender, 3-jointed, its basal joint elongate and by no means wide, but being much wider at the apex than the preceding joints, the club as a whole is well-marked. Pro- notum strongly and suddenly narrowed anteriorly, the constricted part longer than in most species, with a large round fovea or impression on each side liehind the constriction, tlie part between tlie foveae sub- 348 impressed, so that two more or less evident ridges are formed between this impression and the lateral foveae in some aspects. • Elytra with the humeral angles produced or subacute, and with a distinct, densely setose tubercle on either side of the scutellum, the space between these tubercles and the humeral angles strongly impressed. The mid-dorsal portion of the elytra, for about two-thirds of their length, is flattened, but uneven, bare and depressed areas occurring amidst the squamosely clothed sur- face. The flattened area forms at its junction with the decurved sides a pair of uneven lonigtudinal ridges, each terminating posteriorly as a raised tubercle, owing to the apical portion of the elytra being of simple convex form. The squamous covering of the pronotum and elytra is of a greyish golden color and is dense, but unevenly distributed, so as to form maculations on the elytra. Tlie erect setae are very long and spiniform, as also are those on the legs. The lobes of the tarsi are of moderate size. The punctures of the basal alidominal segment beneath remain coarse and distinct on the middle part. Length, female, 5 mm. IIai;. Oalni, ^It. Olyiiipns (near IToiiohilu). Sept., 1017. A single female of this interesting and beantifnl species was obtained by Mr. Swezey from the native palm, PritrJiai-dia mnrtii, an nneommon tree on Oahn. In some res])eet.s it a]>- pears to be a connecting link between the hhirl-hunii gi'oii]) and the other members of the genns. Proterhinus euops n. sp. Head and thorax of a sordid red, or reddish black, quite red if some- what immature; the elytra red and black, as a rule extensively dark with the sides, base and apex more red. and the dark area containing red spots. The antennae arc somber red and the legs mucli paler than these or ferruginous. Pronotum with almost even clothing of golden squamosity. which is not very dense, but with a small distinct dense spot, often nearly white at the hind angles. The elytra are maculate, the pale parts bearing golden and whitish squamosity or appressed setae, the dark areas being bare, while the erect white setae are of moderate length, numerous, and very conspicuous on the posterior parts. Head with large, outstanding, subconical eyes; strongly constricted behind these, so that an evident transverse ridge is formed. Antennae rather long, with slender three-jointed club, the ninth joint being consid- erabh^ wider at the apex than the eighth. Rostrum of female shining, the punctate grooves distinct. Pronotum and elytra formed exactly as in some large examples of P. gracilis Sh.. the former constricted in front and there impressed in the middle, the two impressions or foveae behind this very distinct. Elytra long and narrow, nearly parallel-sided until they become rounded off to the apex, the humeral angles acutely 149 produced, the tubercles near the scutellum covered with dense appressed pale setae and very conspicuous. The punctures are close, coarse and distinct. The basal abdominal segment beneath has the punctures dis- tinct on the middle portion, but they are not close nor coarse on that part. Length, 2.75-3.5 mm. Hab. Oaliii, Mt. Kaala (July 9, 191G, O. 11. Swezey). Twelve examples, one or two l)eiiig iiniuatnre and newly emerged, on Enphorhia. Proterhinus euphorbiae n. sp. A red species, the thorax and head often more sordid, the elytra with dark (black or fuscous) spots. The club joints, or at least the two basal ones, usually appear dark compared with the preceding joints of the antennae. The clothing of the insect consists of golden squamosity (fading, no doubt, to whitish) while the elytra bear also conspicuous white erect setae, which are quite numerous on the apical portion. Head without a raised transverse ridge or constriction behind the eyes, which are only of moderate size. The antennae are very slender (more so than in the preceding) with distinctly 3-jointed club. The rostrum of the female is very smooth and shining, with the punctate grooved lines extremely fine, though more developed in one example than in the others. Pronotum not at all wide, the three impressions dis- tinct, but varying to some extent, the hind angles are rendered distinct by a condensation of the squamous covering, so as to form a pale spot at that point in dorsal aspect. Elytra long, arcuately emarginate at the base, so that the humeral angles are acutely produced, the golden squa- mosity absent from the dark spots or markings, which are chiefly placed about the middle or on this and the hind part of the surface. The basal abdominal segment is coarsely punctured even on its middle por- tion. Length, female, 2.5-3 mm- This species is I think evidently allied to P. robustns and the variable P. hcfcrostictus, which are both found in the same neighborhood, thougli the former (as well as the latter) is now known to me to occur also in the Koolau Range. P. robustns is distinguished at once by its antennal characters. P. hctcrosticttis differs from the species now described in its less narrow and elongate elytra, different pronotal structure, etc. P. eu- phorbiae, though found with I', cuops. is not at all closely allied to it, the elytra are only obsoletely tuberculate on each side of the scutellum, or at least the tubercles are not rendered prominent by a special clothing as in the other, and the punctures are much less gross. Hab. Oahn, i\It. Kaala (July 9, 191G), three females; the same hnt on the west side (June 1, 1919), two females 350 evidently older. All were taken from Euphorbia and the male was not procured (O. H. Swezev), Proterhinus impressiscutis n. sp. A red or ferruginous species with a dark elongate marking on each side of the elytra near the middle of their length. The appressed clothing is golden in fresh examples at least, the head and pronotum being dense- ly clothed. On the elytra a not very distinct stripe, appearing slightly paler, extends from each humeral angle, these stripes being convergent ; erect white setae are quite evident along the side margins and on the posterior part of the wing-cases, but they are sparse and short. Rostrum of the female polished and elongate, about twice as long as wide, and with the impressed punctate lines very distinct and well- marked. Antennae entirely red, slender, with 3-joined club. Eyes small. Pronotum as wide or wider in the middle than the width of elytra at their base, and with the anterior foveae not deep, less evident in a well- clothed example than in a partially denuded one, and rounded at the sides, with little or no appearance of a constriction anter'iorly ; the pos- terior foveae are obsolete or indistinct. Elytra subcuneate, the humeral angles distinct, owing to the obliquity of the basal margin of each wing- case, the scutellar region occupied by a deep fovea. Punctures in some aspects very distinct and definite, and not dense. Basal abdominal seg- ment beneath shining, distinctly, but not closely, punctured in the middle, the sternum coarsely punctured. Length, female, i-ix 3 mm. Hab. Oahn, Mt. Kaala (July 4, 1910) ; described mainly from a single female captured by Mr. O. H. Swezey on Eu- phorbia. I have once or twice captured single examples that uppear to be this species, in the same locality, but without note of food-plant. These specimens are covered with exudation, which I have at present been unable to clean off satisfactorily. Proterhinus bridwelli n. sp. A red species, the head and pronotum more sordid or rufofuscous, rostral portion of head black. In some aspects and lights the antennae are entirely red, in others they appear largely dark (male). The elytra have a vague dark marking near or behind the middle on each side. The clothing is golden, the elytra bearing some white spots chiefly on the apical portion and there are a very few short white erect setae on them posteriorly. Eyes prominent, but not large. Antennae with very short globose second joint, the club very definitely 3-jointed, its basal joint being very large compared with the preceding and its apex seen at the widest is hardly less so than that of the following joint. The joints preceding the club are short and submoniliform. Pronotum only 51 slightly impressed in front and without any strong constriction, the foveae hardly visiiile, the clothing denser along the sides. Elytra at the base as wide as the pronotum. the humeral angles not sharp, hut fairly distinct, the punctures on the basal portion dense, distinct in some aspects and tending to run into one another. There is hardly any im- pression between the scutellum and the humeral angles, the elytra being of simple form and short, about one and a third times the length of the pronotum. The basal abdominal segment beneath has the punctures on the middle portion very feelile or obsolete. Length, male, 2.5 mm. Hab. jMiUii, lao Valley, Sept., 1918, on Euphorbia Jiooheri irdcgrl folia (J. C. Bridwell). Described from a single male. When I tirst examined this species it reminded me of the very differently colored (black) P. hreviformis of Lanai, but on comparing the two, I find the differences of structure (antennal joints, pronotum, etc.) so great that they do not appear to be closely allied. Proterhinus asteliae n. sp. A red species, with the antennae entirely red, the head and pronotum with golden squamosity (fading to white) ; the clothing of the elytra broken up into lines or spots, being variable in extent, so that they are prettily maculate, the bare parts being often black or dark, but sometimes red. Remarkable amongst the species with simple humeral angles to the elytra for the great length of these. The color and maculations resemble those of P. pteridis, but that is a still narrower insect, with totally dif- ferent antennae. Antennae of moderate length, about three-fourths the length of the elytra, appearing rather short from the elongation of the insect. Second joint as long or longer than the fourth and much more robust, basal joint of the club much less wide at the apex than the second, but notably longer and wider than the last funicle joint. Rostrum of the female very polished, and the punctate lines very feeble. Pronotum somewhat narrow, usually appearing considerably less wide than the widest part of the elytra, the posterior impressions not deep and sometimes obsolete. Elytra twice or even more than twice the length of the pronotum, and about twice as long as their width at the base ; they have coarse, deep punctures, generally appearing to form rows on a large part at least of the surface. The erect setae are short and sparse, white, and in dorsal aspect will be noticed on each side of the suture towards the apex. Basal abdominal segment- with the punctures feeble or obsolete. Length, male and female, 2.5-3 m"i- Hab. Oahn, Mt. Kaala (July 4, lOKi); fourteen exaiii- 352 pies (O. H. Swezej). Mr. Swezey informs inc that tlio larvae are miners in the lower j)art of the leaves of AstcVia rcndroides. Proterhinus abnormis n. sp. Red, the elytra with black markings, sometimes ahnost wholly black. Head rarely black. Antennae red, the club sometimes lilack. The ap- pressed clothing is of a golden color. The female head is like that of a male, there being no development of the beak such as is usual in the former sex of the genus. Beak short, transverse or at most almost square in outline, the eyes strongly convex, but not large ; the antennae with the second joint longer and much stouter than the fourth, second joint of club much wider than the first and in some aspects the club appears almost as only 2-jointed, though its first joint (i.e. the 9th an- tennal joint) is really both longer and evidently wider than the 8th. Pronotum with three depressions, the hind ones sometimes feeble (liable to be concealed by excretions), its sides rounded, but the curves are suddenly interrupted in front, so that the anterior constriction is great or considerable ; the golden clothing is fairly evenly distributed, but the bottom of the anterior fovea -is often bare. Elytra usually with a conspicuous black or dark area on each side about the middle, but in one specimen the black is much more extensive, leaving only the basal margin and some spots on the apical third pale. They are prettily varie- gated in pattern, owing, in general, to the absence of the golden clothing from the darker parts. Tlie short pale erect setae are very sparse and not conspicuous, chiefly noticeable at the sides and on the apical portion. The surface of the elytra is more or less uneven, some parts being slightly raised. This is especially noticeable on the pale spots which form a transverse (often broken) band on the posterior third, these being evidently raised. There is often a vague oblique ridge behind the shoulders and traces of other inequalities of surface. The humeral angles are distinct and generally subacute or subrectangular, the elytral punctures coarse. It may be noted that there is usually a fine median longitudinal carina on the rostrum, but it is sometimes only visible in certain aspects and sometimes, perhaps, wanting. Length, male and female, 1.75-2.25 mm. Hab. Oaliu, Mt. Kaala (Sept. 7, 1913, and Jnly 9, 1910) ; on Broussaisia, the larvae are miners in the leaves (O. H. Swe- zey). Described from 11 examples. Proterhinus phyllobius n. sp. This species is allied to the preceding, the female having only a short beak like that of the male, and lacking the usual characteri.stics of this organ as exhibited by the females of all other species. The color is very variable between entirely black and entirely red, except for a dark area 35^ on each side of the eh-tra. The legs and antennae are always red, though 2 or 3 of the apical joints of the latter are sometimes somewhat infuscated. It differs from the preceding in the elytra being narrower, without the uneven surface described above, in their different clothing which is much less developed, so that these generally appear nearly bare and shin- ing except for minute setae, and the pronotum also is much less closely covered. This species would be difficult to distinguish from worn exam- ples of various other more obscure members of the genus, were it not for the similarity of the rostrum in both sexes, so that while it never resembles the female of any other species, it differs from most males by the greater length or more definite character of this organ. Length, male and female, 1.6-2 mm. This species is mainly described from a series of 13 exam- ples given me bv jMr. Swezev some years ago, which yvwc cleaned and monnted by me when newly captnred. Others taken with these were dissected at the same time. In addition to these, I have nsed well-monnted examples taken casnally at an earlier date without note of food-plant, these having re- mained nnnamed, as being donbtfnlly distinct from some de- scribed species. I have more superficially examined a series of 30 examples monnted on points and collected hy ^Nfr. J. C Bridwell. IIab. Oahu, in the mountains near Honolulu. This spe- cies was found by Mr. Swezey to have the abnormal habit of mining the leaves of Broussai.sia. ^Ir. Bridwell's examjdes wore collected on Kaumuahona, July 23, 1916. Proterhinus fuscicolor n. sp. A dark pitchy brown or pitchy black species, the pronotum generally, the head often and sometimes the base of the elytra with an obscure red tint. An elongate species of the group of fcrntgtitcus epitretits and detritus, but very distinct by its sordid color. Antennae appearing rather short compared with the length of the whole insect, between two-thirds and three-fourths the length of the elytra, red, the club joints often appearing more or less dark. Rostrum of the male shorter along the sides than the width, of the female elon- gate, not polished but rugulo.se, so that the punctate grooved lines are nliscured, or more ov less effaced. Pronotum narrow compared with the elytra, conspicuously and definitely ^narrowed in front, the golden clothing not dense, so that the rough sculpture is easily seen, the sides !54 with outstanding curved setae quite conspicuous ; the posterior foveae or impressions sometimes indistinct, sometimes entirely wanting. Elytra long, sparsely clothed, so that the coarse close punctures are easily seen, the clothing consisting of very minute setae, and of longer erect pallid ones, these also being short. Humeral angles distinct and produced, the tubercles at the base, on each side of the scutellar region, are verj^ little developed, but their position is rendered evident by a con- densation of clothing on their surface, forming a pair of small but noticeable spots, distinct from the general vestiture. The femora, and tibiae may be either red or dark. The basal abdominal segment is dis- tinctly punctate on the disc, microscopically sculptured between tlie punc- tures. Length, male and female, 2.5-3.5 mm. Hab. jMaui, Kaleakala (August 29, 1918, Swezey) ; de- scribed from 26 of the 27 examples captured on the dead leaves at the bases of the rare and very local Composite plant, Argy- roxlpliium virescens, growing in a small canyon a little above Pun ISTianiau. Proterhinus cuneatus n. sp. Head and thorax obscure red. witii golden clothing, the elytra red with the covering whitish, this being nearly uniform except on the black spots, which are bare and situated mostly near the middle of the wing- cases. The elytra are widest at the base, the sides almost straightly converging from the shoulders. IMost like P. molokaicnsis. probably an even rather larger species, with long antennae, but at the same time the elongate funicle joints are much stouter than is usual in the genus and rather resemble those of the species just named. Eyes large and very convex, the head strongly constricted behind them, so that a strong ridge is formed there, though less evident in the middle. Scape of antennae long and robustly subtriangular, the second joint elongate, as long as the fourth and much stouter, all the funicle joints elongate, the seventh antennal joint being twice as long as its apical width and the eighth very much longer than wide. The rounded sides of the pronotum are set with quite conspicuous curved setae and very greatly narrowed anteriorly ; the anterior impression is very large and though deep is vague, the posterior pair are roundish, very deep and distinct. Humeral angles of the elytra very strongly produced, the tubercles on either side of the scutellum also produced, but less strongly, and bearing a spot formed bj^ whitish setae ; the punctures are deep but not at all dense on the basal portion of the elytra. The erect setae are white, long and slender, very conspicuous, being more numerous than usual. Femora dark, the tibiae red. tarsal lobes not large for the size of the insect. Lengtii, male. 4.5 nun. 355 Hab. Maui, Haleakala, about 4000 feet. I have seen only one example, the type, in my own collection. It was collected many years ago and is in beautiful condition. Apart from the structure of the head and important differences in the antennae, the specimen greatly resembles some examples of my series of P. moJoJcaiensis. Proterhinus malespretus n. sp. Black or blackish fuscous, a small basal and apical portion of the elytra seem to be red, when closely examined,, but the color variation is unknown, as the specimen (male) is unique; the squamous covering is golden. Antennae red, the more apical joints appearing black or almost so. Eyes fairly large, but not at all strongly convex or prominent as com- pared with many species, the head not constricted so as to form a trans- verse ridge. Antennae in no way remarkable, the funicle joints are more •or less elongate, the apical ones not at all moniliform ; the fifth antennal joint notably longer than the sixth. Pronotum nearly round in outline, with the three impressions distinct, the clothing nearly evenly distributed, iDUt with a small whiter patch just in front of each of the posterior foveae. EWtra arcuately eniarginate at the base, so that the humeral angles are very distinct or subacute ; at the base in the middle (as is ■easily seen in lateral aspect) they rise up in a strongly convex or oblique manner for a short distance, when the suture becomes slightly raised or prominent. The golden squamosity is distributed over most of the sur- face and the white elongate, erect setae, though not very numerous, are •extremely conspicuous; the punctures on the median portion are not close. The form of the elytra is somewhat short, the base being wide. Length, male, 2.25 mm. This species appears to me to be quite distinct. Superli- ■cially it resembles some examples of P. sqiuunicollis as nearly as any Oahuan species, but it may be more closely allied to the vestitus, rohustus group. Hab. Oahu, Waianae Mts. ; a single male ( the ty])e) was ■collected by me in the winter months (probably January) of 1903 and has been set aside as new in my collection for uiany years. Proterhinus longisetis n. sp. Only a single female of this species has been examined. The head IS lilack, the pronotimi obscurely red, being very much suffused with 35G black, the elytra except for dark spots, the tibiae and more than the basal half of the antennae distinctly red. Squamosity of head and prono- tum golden, the latter with large and dense lateral patches of whiter color. Elytra partly abraded, apparently with golden clothing, but with a broadish white stripe extending back from each shoulder to the apex, and with tlie white erect setae very slender, long and conspicuous on the posterior part. The setae of the hind tibiae are also slender and elongate, but not so long as the longest of those on the elytra. Rostrum shining, with tlie punctate lines very tine, the head simple without trans- verse constriction behind tlie eyes. Antennae rather long, slender, funicle joints all more or less elonjjate. not at all moniliform. Pronotum strongly rounded at the sides, much narrowed in front and deeply im- pressed there, the posterior impressions wanting or at least very feeble^ No erect fine setae on the pronotum such as are seen in P. leptothrix. Elytra almost simply convex, very slightly emarginate at the base, but with distinct humeral angles, which are practically rectangles, the sides are slightly rounded so as to lie a little wider about the middle than at the base, but even at the widest part they liardly exceed the pro- notum (at its middle) in width. Length, female, zi.v 3 nrni. ITab. Oalnt ; a single female taken hy nie in the part of the Koolau Range that is connected with the Waianae Mts. hx an elevated platean. The fine elytral setae remind one of P. leptothrix. hnt that s])ecies cannot be at all closely allied. Proterhinus ater n. sp. A black or almost Ijlack sjKcies, with long dark, almost unicolorous antennae, the scape large and unusually long in the male, almost like that of the female. Clothing golden, the elytra largely bare and black, the squamosity forming maculations. Belongs to the species with simple humeral angles and is allied to the variable P. siiiiilis. Eyes not at all large, rostrum of female polished and with the grooves distinct. Scape thick and long, rather stouter in tlie male, but ?bout equal in length to that of the female; second joint longer than wide and stouter than the following ones, which are all elongate, the antennae after the two basal joints, have an unusually slender appear- ance. The length of one of them in the male is just about equal to that of the elytra. The anterior impression of the pronotum is always present, but the posterior pair are very faint or not noticeable at all in dorsal aspect. The squamosity forms a dense patch on each side of the pronotum'. Lobate joint of the front tarsi distinctly small. Elytra of quite simple form, often noticeably flattened or subdepressed on the dor- sum, the pale erect .setae very conspicuous on the posterior part and in quite unabraded examples with a regular row of almost similar ones. 357 along the whole sides. Front and hind femore extremely stout. Length, male and female, 2.5-3 "U"- This species comes rather close to some extreme forms of the Kau examples of P. sirnilis, and I am not sure that in the past I have not actually taken it, or a very closely allied form, in that district, but probably these were referred by me to simi- Us. At the present moment I am only able to put my hand on one specimen of this extreme form that approaches ater, and it is easily distinguished by the shorter scape (male). Its color is red to a large extent, but probably it would vary to black, so that no importance can be attached to this. HxVB. Kona, Hawaii, 3000 feet. I have in my collection half a dozen very good specimens of this species and one of the males is taken as the type. The following species sent in this consignment are, in my opinion, the same as ones previously described by me: Proterhinus vestitus Sharp. Five examples of this polji^hagous species from Ipomoea bona-nox, taken by Mr. J. C. Bridwell. It breeds in Aleurites, Pisonia, Charpe7itiera, Piptunis, Dracaena, etc. One batch of specimens which I bred from Pipturus, though fully mature, remained entirely red with no black markings, but usually the examples from Pipturus are quite like those from other trees or plants. Proterhinus subangularis Perkins. Twelve examples of this common and widely distributed species were taken at Punaluu, Oahu, by Mr. Bridwell on 8traussia. It is very doubtful whether subangularis and oh- scuricolor are distinct species, or even worthy of varietal names ; angularis and deplanatus, at any rate in the typical form, seem more distinct, but their, specific value is dubious. All are at- tached to Straussia, almost if not quite exclusively. Some colo- nies of each of these forms are fairly constant, others yield very aberrant examples amongst the normal ones. 358 Proterhinus antiquus Perkins. A single example taken bj Mr. Swezej on Mt. Kaala in company with P. ahnormis, described above. It is in poor con- dition, but I have several from Kaala that are much better in this respect, one being very fresh. I cannot separate these from some specimens of the Kauai antiquus. The individuals captured by me were taken casually, but certainly not on Broussaisia. There is also a closely allied and apparently new^ species in the Koolau Range, but I should like to see more examples than those I have collected. Proterhinus deceptor Perkins. Two small and fresh examples; one taken by Mr, Bridwell on the coral plain at Ewa from Euphorhia, and one taken by Mr. Timberlake on Diamond Head from Lipochaeta, agree excellently with minute examples of a large series bred by my- self from GoF3ypiivm. In the latter series were examples twice or thrice the size of the smallest ones. Other series have been obtained from the hau and various other trees. Fourteen examples from Kilauea, Hawaii, found by Mr. Swezey on the rare tree Hihiscadelphus Giffardianus belong to the form var. major (hardly to be separated from var. hona- nus). They differ much in size and somewhat in other re- spects from the minute examples mentioned above, but with se- ries from different islands and taken from different plants I am unable to split up the species. Proterhinus excrucians Perkins. An example of the smaller, narrower variety of this most difficult and variable species is in poor condition. It was cap- tured on the lowlands (on the Ewa coral plain), on Sida by Mr. Bridwell, and differs in no wise from some of the depau- perated examples taken in the mountain forest above Honolulu. Proterhinus obscurus Sharp. A male of the darkest variety of this variable species was captured by Mr. SAvezey on Pritchardia, Mt. Olympus, Oaliii. It is ^vell known to be polyphagons. Several . other spcciiiiciis were taken by him from Ewpliorhia in Manoa Valley. These pre of the paler form, and hardly differ from slightly faded examples of var. chryseis. One of the males is much larger than the other. I have great doubt whether P. niinuiiii>; is more than a depauperated form of this same species. >'OTES AXD EXHIBITIONS. Clcrid beetle, — Mr. Pemberton exhibited specimens of a species of Cleridae taken by him on dead wood of Monkey-pod tree (Samanea saman) brought to the Experiment Station, IT. S. P. A., from their forestry nursery near Vineyard Street tmd Nuuanu. The species is apparently a previously unre- corded immigrant. Bostrychid beetle. — Mr. Bridwell exhibited specimens of an undetermined Bostrychid taken from a packing case in which cigars had been imported froui Manila. The species does not • seem to have become established. Mr. Ehrhorn re- called taking a beetle under similar conditions, and examina- tion of specimens showed this to be the same species. The box was made of a native Philippine wood which jMr. J. F. Rock considered as probably a species of tropical cedar. A general discussion of the introduction of insects in commerce other than those articles subject to plant quarantine inspection followed. CeJerlo s]i.*^ — Mr. Bryan exhibited a specimen of an uu- described endemic species of the Sphingid genus Celerio Taken by him on the ascent from Manoa Valley to Pauoa Flats, Oahu, October 5th, 1919. The only specimens of this s|)ecies heretofore known are a very much rubbed specimen taken l\v Mr. Swezey at Palolo Crater, September 3rd, UMXi. and another very much deformed s])ecinH'n In-ecl l)y ^fr. Swezey ^Described on page 379 as Cclcrio fcrkiiisi. (Ed.) 360 from a caterpillar on Stmussia from Mt. Tantalus. Oahn. Tan- nary loth, 1916. Eristalis aeneus. — Mr, Bryan gave notes on the l)ibliog- rapliv of this ily, and a general disensfeion of its extreme abnndanee followed. This muck-breeding fly is now cons}»ieu- ons by its entrance into houses, particularly in the lower .Ma- Tioa, Punahou and Kalihi districts of Honolulu, and is also found abundant on the Ewa Coral Plain. J^one of the mem- bers had found its breeding places and none could suggest any type of breeding place which would account for its general abundance. Mr. Timberlake suggested that on account of its strong powers of flight it might be distributing itself from some centralized breeding places. Mr. Bridwell suggested that from the known breeding places of its allies, YohKU'Ihi ohcm. and Engtalis piinctulatus, it is probably breeding in the ])ine- apple refuse at the canneries in Iwilei and in the sisal refuse at the sisal mill. Xylehorus spp.- — Mr. Bridwell exhibited series of both sexes of three species of Scolytidae belonging to or related to Xyle- horus. These are all ambrosia beetles, the 1)ur rowing being done ])y the adult beetles while the larvae feed cpon a fungous growth in the tunnels. One of the species exhibited was from the wiliwili tree (Erytliriiut monos'perma) on the Kwa Coral Plain; another was taken from the branches of Dracaciid an- rea in Xuuanu ; and the third was working in ohia ha (iSyzy- gium sandiincoisc). Other species are known to attack Acacia l-oa. Jloltca. t'^finussia. Perrottctia, and other native trees, and it is ])r(tbable that when the group is thoroly collected that uuiuv s]^ecies will be added to the few which have been de- scrilted. (hlijnvrus [jsendocliroinas. — Mr. Bridwell exhibited s]ieci- mens of what he considered an undescribed variety of this species of wasp, recently bred by him from JSTuuanu Valley. The female has round red spots on the second tergite and 361 irregular ones on the angles of the propodenm, while the male has the clypeus encircled with a reddish yellow margin. Plagithmysine in Syzygium sandwicense. — Mr, Bridwell ex- hibited living larvae of a Plagithmysine Ceramhjcid found ^\•orkiug in the dead bark of Syzyguun sandwicense above the eastern waterfall at the head of Manoa Valley, and reported tinding larvae of the same group in the living bark of Bobea and Plttosporum. CalUthmysiis hirtipes which has recently been bred by Mr, Swezey from Perrottetia has been recorded as breeding in Bohea, while the other species of trees mentioned have no species of Plagithmysini recorded as attached to them on the Island of Oahu. Sclerodennus spp. — Mr, Bridwell gave further notes on the habits and variations of some species of Sclerodermus. New Immigrant Chrysopld.. — Mr. Timberlake reported the presence of a second immigrant Chrysopa on Oahu, commonly coming to light. The adult does not feed upon plantdice but eats honeydew freely. The species is similar to the American Chrysopa externa Hagen. The ginger weevil. I'tcro/^onis siibfrtnudtus Ginger weevil. — Mr. Swezey reported having received the determination of the ginger weevil from Dr. Guy A. K. Mar- shall of the Imj)erial Bureau of Entomology. Specimens had l)een sent to him by Mr. Muir. The species is Pteroporus suh- 362 truncatus Fairinaire, described from Fiji in Ann. Soe. Ent. France, 1881, p. 308. Nesencyrtus haalae. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited specimens of this Encjrtid, reared from the pupa of a Nesoprosopis, and collected in Nesopivsopis nests in rotten logs in j^uuanu Val- ley bv Mr. Bridwell. The host is one of the smaller bees of this genus and probably N. koae. DECEMBER 4th, 1919. The 171st meeting of the Society was held in the usual place, President Giifard in the chair. Other members present : Messrs. Bridwell, Bryan, Crawford, Ehrhorn, Fullaway, Os- born, Pemberton, Potter, Eosa, Swezey, Timberlake, Willard and Williams. Minutes of previous meeting read and approved. The President read a communication from the Secretary of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association advising of a con- tribution of $650., $150. to cover publishing deficit of 1919, and $500. for publishing fund for 1920. The latter amount to be considered an annual contribution for the future. A unanimous vote of thanks was voted to be communicated to the Planters' Association, and also to the President of the Society for his efforts towards securing this contribution. The Treasurer's Report for 1919 showed a balance of $120.1^, Election of Officers for 1920: President .- D. L. Crawford Vice-President F. X. Williams Secretary-Treasurer D. T. Fullaway Additional members of Executive Committee W. M. Gilfard O. H. Swezey 363 PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS. A Review of the Organization of the Hawaiian Entomological Society and Brief Mention of Some of the More Notable Achievements in Hawaii by Its Members. BY WALTER M. GIFFARD, On tills, the fifteenth, anniversary of the Hawaiian Entomo- logical Society, it is fitting that the presidential address should be largely devoted to a review of the organization and to the significance of what has been done since the beginning. It is also appropriate that we should recall the objects which led to the formation of the society, and that we should review some of the more notable achievements by the pioneers in this field of labor in Hawaii, and by others who joined later to lend their energy and ability to the advancement of an all-important work. It has been said, and with truth, that Hawaii has, in numerous instances, acquainted the world with new and val- uable facts in the inexhaustible mines of entomological re- search, for these remote islands have been the laboratory of a remarkable series of intensely interesting and highly profitable experiments in the introduction of beneficial insects. AVlien these successful tests, often fulfilled only after long and patient scientific field research, and at much expense, are considered in the aggTcgate, it is evident that Hawaii holds a most en- viable record, and that the progress and practical results ol)- tained by the entomologists in these islands more than equal anything of the kind that has so far l^een recorded from any other part of the world. The saving in money, to Hawaii's principal industry, cane sugar, is well nigh incalculable. Xor, heretofore at least, have Hawaii's entomologists ever taken the trouble to sound their own trumpets with regard to their achievements. Visiting scientists have remarked that, in their opinion, we are altogether too modest when we have something worth whih' boastino- al)Out. Hawaiian entomoloo-ists, it has :](U been remarked, have been inclined to confine tlieir printed in- telligence to the bare if not simple facts of technical descrip- tion, avoiding what, in some fields of endeavor, wonld be a tendency to blare their trinmphs to the world at large. Three separate official staffs of entomologists were main- tained in these islands at the time of the organization of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, the oldest of these staffs being the entomological division of the territorial Board of Agricnltnre and Forestry, which, as a matter of fact, dates back to 189o, in the days of the Provisional Government, when Mr. Albert Tvoebele was engaged by the administration to intro- dnce lady-l)irds and other ])eneficial insects to prey on cottony- cushion and other injurious scales then existent in the islands, particularly in Honolulu. It was in the early part of 11>0.">, ten years later, that the territorial government orgaui/td the present Board of Agri- culture and Forestry, its entomological division beiug uuide to include Albert Ivoebele, who was appointed to ]>o su])eriuteud- ent. and Dr. R. C. L. Perkins, as assistant su})erinteu(lent. Shortly afterwards, the late Messrs. G. W. Kirkaldy and F. W. Terry were added to the staff. As Superintendent Koebele Avas away on a search for beneficial insects. Doctor Perkins was in reality the hciul of tlu^ entomological organization, the work of Avhich. uiore particularly, IucIikUmI rhe ius])ectiou, under new regulations, of all imported vegetable matter, the idea being to prevent, so far as possible, any further introduction of insect pests by way of the port of ITonoluln. As older memlx^rs of this society will recall, Doctor Per- kins and ]\[essrs. Kirkaldy and Terry were appointed to the Board of Agriculture and Forestry under an arrangement with and mostly at the expense of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, and under this agreement much of their tiuu' was devoted to the study of insect pests affecting sugar cane, and to the search for and the introduction of beneficial insects to com- bat such pests. Due to the then recent ravages of the sugar cane leaf-hopper in all cane-fields throughout the islands, the 3g: task set these scientists was not withont many dilHculties, and it was deemed essential to the snccessfnl condnct of the cam- paign against sugar-cane pests that the Sugar Planters' Asso- ciation shonld establish and control its own entomological divi- sion, separate and independent of the entomological divi'sion of the territorial Board of Agriculture and Forestry. Therefore, assuming the whole expense, the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, with the official co-operation of the Board of Agri- culture and Forestry, assigned ]\Iessrs. Koebele and Perkins to undertake a search aljroad for some effective enemy to prey on The cane leaf-hopper. Messrs. Kirkakly and Terry remained with the Board of Agriculture and Forestry until the reorgani- zation of the Sugar Planters' Experiment Station was com- plete, after which the late Mr. Alexander Craw was appointed to the Board of Agriculture and Forestry, as entomologist, to fill the position of superintendent in place of Mr. Koebele. During the latter part of 100-1, the Sugar Planters con- cluded the reorganization of their experiment station, adding thereto a division of entomology, taking over as members of the staff the entomologists above named, with the exception of Mr. Craw, who remained as superintendent of entomology with the Board of Agriculture and Forestry, and Mr. Jacob Kotin- sky, a later appointee, who acted as assistant on the staff of the board, both of these gentlemen confining their work, in the main, to the inspection of imported plants and other vegetable matter, and to entomological inspection work around the city of FTonolulu. At the same time, Mr. O. -11. Swezey was spe- cially engaged to assist in breeding parasites and in plantation inspection work, and ]\lr. Frederick Muir was engaged to con- tinue further foreigni entomological exploration on much the same lines as had been followed by Messrs. Perkins and Koebele. In the meantime, the federal government, through the Bu- reau of Agriculture at Washington, had already established an agricultural station for the purpose of experimenting with and aidiuii' diversified agricultural industries other than sugar cane, 366 aiul on its staff was an eutoniologist, Mr. D. L. Van Dine, who rendered valnable assistance to the small farmer in coping with frnit insect pests, and in aiding the local health anthorities in mosquito control hy the introduction of the top-minnows now so abundant and widely spread in our ponds and marshes. So it will be seen that there were tliree separate staffs of entomologists in Honolulu — the staff of the Federal Experiment Station, the staff of the Planters' Association, and the staff of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry. Under the circum- stances, it would not be remarkable if a certain amount of duplicating or overlapping should occur in entomological work, with the prospect of considerable waste of energy and time in future research, and for that reason, and because of the gen- n-al interest taken in Hawaii's indigenous insect fauna, and th(^ insect fauna of other countries which might be closely allied thereto, it appeared advisable tliat a society of entomolo- gists be formed for the purpose of interchanging views on entomological subjects, to promote and encourage friendly relations among all who uiiglit in any way be interested in this particular science, and to engender the spirit of co-operation and co-ordination, in so far as was possible, among all the workers in Hawaii ; and iu the forming of this society all of the scientists above named became prominent pioneers. When the society was organized, in December, 1904, it was practically understood, as now, that insects already in the Ter- ritory, and those from foreign coimtries closely allied thereto, Avhether of a beneficial or an injurious nature, should constitute the dominant feature of papers and discussions presented, or made the subjects of consideration at meetings of the society. There were fifteen members at the time of organization, namely, R. C. L. Perkins, G. W. Kirkaldy. F. W. Terry, J. Kotinsky, O. H. Swezey, A. Koebele, Alexander Craw, W. M. Giffard, W. A. Bryan, D. L Van Dine, R. S. Hosmer, C. F. Fckart, C. J. Austin, Brother Matthias ^e\vell, and Mrs. O. IT. Swezey. Of this numljer eight were (entomologists who were actively engaged in professional work iu the Territory, while 367 the others were interested in entoniolo,i>ieal work or allied seien- titic pursuits. Sul)sequently, Brother Matthias Xewell and A. Koebele were elected honorary members. In 1909 this hon- orary membership list was increased to five by the addition of Dr. K. C. L, Perkins, Dr. David Sharp, and the Eev. Thomas Blackburn. Mr. Blackburn had been identified with our in- digenous insect fauna in previous years, having been a resident of Honolulu from 1876 to 1882, during which period, in his leisure hours, he devoted much time exploring the forest re- gions in the vicinity of Honolulu, collecting and studying endemic insects, and later describing many of these. This pioneer work of Mr. Blackburn later led to the systematic scien- tific exploration of these islands by Dr. R. C. L. Perkins, en- gaged for the purpose, and the publication of the "Fauna Ha- waiiensis" by a joint committee appointed by the Royal Society of London, and the British Association for the Advancement of Science. The Bishop Museum, of Honolulu, also rendered valuable assistance in making the publication possible. Dr. David Sharp, a noted British entomologist, also had done pioneer work in connection with our indigenous insect fauna, having published his first paper in connection therewith as far back as 1878, and had since then contributed and edited many very valuable papers included in the ''Fauna Hawaiien- ?is". Within a year of the organization of the Hawaiian Entomo- logical Society, the membership had increased from fifteen to twenty, without any solicitation on the part of original mem- bers, and from time to time there have been additions, as, at times, there have been deaths and resignations, so that, at this lime the society has a membership of twenty-nine, and a dozen members are actively engaged in various l)ranches of ento- mology. The first and many of the subsequent meetings of this society took place in the library of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry, and it was there that the small band of euthu- siastic entomological workers gathered to discuss and complete 368 organizatiou, laying the foundation of what has developed into an institution peculiarly serviceable and desirable for the interchange of views, for important discussions, and for the presentation of valuable entomological information, bearing on local matters as well as matters of foreign import but related to Hawaiian entomological interests, all of which has gradually perfected a spirit of harmonious co-operation and co-ordination along certain lines of systematic research and labor, which, otherwise, might never have been possible. The Haw^aiian Entomological Society is not only to be con- gratulated on the harmonious relations which have always existed among the active members, but it is to be most heartily congratulated because of the iuiportant and far-reaching results which have been achieved by many of the men who have been most actively engaged as members of this society. Working in their official capacities, members of this society have, during the fifteen years of the organization, scored nu- jnerous entomological achievements of far-reaching economic importance. One of the ])rincipal reasons for so much entomo- logical work having been undertaken may be found in the fact that the ravages of the hopper on sugar cane, from 1902 to 1904, called for strenuous and continuous action. One might say that the society owes its existence to the leaf-hopper. To this cause, and the fear of further introductions of insect pests, and the paramount necessity of inspection and the control of all importations of plants and other vegetable matter, must also be attributed the formal organization of the Board of Agri- culture and Fortstrv and its various divisions, including that of entomology. The excellent residts accomplished in the work of controlling the cane leaf-hopj^T by the practical use of its natural enemies are too well known by the members of this society, and others, to reipiire any detailed review in an address of this nature. The immense monetary saving to the sugar plantations during 190r> and 100«), and in the years following, has won the appi'eciative ackuowledgment of the 369 sugar planters, than which there could be no more elrtquent testimony to the success of our entomologists. Jn 1900 Mr. Mnir undertook an exploration in search of a parasite on the sugar-cane borer. He discovered one in 1908, introducing it in Hawaii two years later. Such was the suc- cess in breeding and establishing this parasite that the cane- borer pest has decreased to a very considerable extent, the sugar yield on affected plantations greatly increasing, and the losses, which for years had been large, have been minimized. Practically the same procedure was observed with reference to the Anomala beetle, which was affecting some Oahu i)lan- tations, the importation of a predatory wasp having so far controlled the situation. There are many other achievements in economic entomology ill which prominent active members of our society might !)e mentioned. There are the introductions, by Professor F. Sylvestri, D. T. Fullaway and J. G. Bridwell, of fruit-fly parasites from Africa and India. In 1913 it was very diflS.- cult to secure Hawaiian-grown fruit and cucurbits that were not affected by the fruit-fly, but now we are enabled to enjoy a good percentage of these. Mr. H. T. Osborn discovered a parasite on the corn leaf-hopper, in the Philippines, which was introduced into Hawaii and bred and distributed l)y D. T. Fullaway. This pest is now being very effectively reduced. Many parasites on scale and other insect pests affecting agri- culture and horticulture have been searched for, discovered, and introduced into Hawaii by many members of our society in their several oflicial capacities. Many of these beneflcial insects have proven of appreciable value to the Territory as a whole. In a general way the society has derived much benefit from the work of all our active members and has frequently enjoyed the advantage of many valuable papers and observa- tions contributed by them from time to time. These papers have been, in most part, on subjects of our endemic insect fauna, and quite naturally so, as the studies and life histories .'itO of the native insects of Hawaii have to most of our members formed a great part of their rehixation from the duties of offi- cial routine, and in addition thereto are one of the chief pur- poses of the organization of our society. Thus it will 1)0 seen that during the past fifteen years our meml)ers, while engaged in their official duties, or otherwise, have performed notalde work and have accomplished results that reflect great credit to themselves, to the society, and to the organizations by which they are employed. These islands, and the organizations involved, have been and are now fortunate in having such efficient workers. It would be impossible to estimate the full measure of good, to our members and to entomology in Hawaii, that has grown out of the friendly co-operation, the earnest fraternizing for discussion and consultation, and, occasionally, the enthu- siastic parties made up for excursions into the forests in quest of specimens of native insect life. Much of this is welcome relaxation from the often tiresome routine of daily official duties. In this numner our society has contributed toward the verv friendlv feelinjy, one for another, that characterizes its membership. .V few statistics will assist in conveying some idea of what the society has been doing. Since the time of its organization, fifteen years ago, 171 regular meetings have been held, and, up to the end of 1918, members have contributed 221 technical papers, covering 1113 printed pages, dealing altogether or in part with allied Hawaiian and foreign entomological subjects. These are to be found in the volumes of the society's proceed- ings. We are now entering upon the publication of the second part of Volume TV, the volumes as a whole having covered 1202 pages of print, exclusive of the illustrations. It is also interesting to note, in this connection, that our association is the only entomological society this side of the Rocky Mountains that regularly publishes proceedings and de- scriptive matter. Four of our most respected and most active meudiers have 371 passed away from mortal associations, but their work remains. Their valuable contributions of papers to this organization re- main as monuments to their memory. Though departed from these visible fields of research in which we labor, their services to tlie enrichment of science will ever be of benefit to those engaged in entomological study, and their accomplishments will remain fresh not only in the minds of those who worked here with them, and in the thoughts of their associates, but they will also shine in the annals of scientific history. I refer to Messrs. Kirkaldy, Terry, Craw and Blackburn. For the past few years ill-health has deprived us of the presence of Doctor Perkins, whose knowledge of Hawaii's in- digenous insect fauna was of paramount assistance to many of our members specializing along this line. Albert Koebele has also been obliged to leave us because of failing health, and his genial presence and hearty co-operation have been greatly missed. In concluding this address, I feel moved to say a word con- cerning the future. If we may build our expectations of what is to come, on our experiences and accomplishments of the fif- teen years of our progressive existence as an organization, we may go forward with confidence and every encouragement. But we must not forget that, in order to maintain our good record, and in order to attain to still greater achievements, we must never lose sight of the chief essential to the success of any society, and that is earnest co-operation. For example, •all duplication and over-lapping of work among the members should be carefully avoided. Sometimes this cannot be helped, but if we agree among ourselves that the families or 2;ronps of insects to be studied shall not be taken up by two men at the same time, we shall save much valuable time, energy and patience. I would like to suggest that more illustrations or figures accompany the papers contributed to this society. ISTot so many, of course, as would make it financially im])Ossible to publish them all, but enouffh to facilitate the reader's readv 372 grasp of the siibjeet-inattcv. A timely figure frequently con- veys to some minds ut a glance what would re(i[uire several minutes to be conveyed by means of words. Also, let us remem- ber to continue to assist one another with material for study, whenever opportunity offers. Constantly one is coming across material for which one may not have immediate use, but which nuiy prove uiost welcome to souie other who has, perhaps, been looking for that very material. It was but a generation ago that very little scientific ambi- tion was exhibited in the agricultural world, l)ut once curiosity and enthusiasm were aroused by ])ioneers in research work, and it gradually came to be realized that vast fortunes could be- saved through the development and application of knowledge^ economic entomology began to take long strides, until, when the Hawaiian Entomological Society was organized, this science was beginning to surprise the world Avith its successive won- ders, and, as already intimated, Hawaii, since her needs were- urgent and her promoters were men of resource and imagina- tion, welcomed the immense benefit, sparing neither time nor expense to free herself of insect pests. At this point it is not ina})propriate to remark that the- financial assistance of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Associa- tion has played no small part in the success of our society, a fact that is thoroughly appreciated by this organizatidu, and the Planters' Association, I am sure, has our most sincere- thanks. There is an immense interest in economic entomology in these Inisy days of ra])i(l scientific advancement along all lines of hnijian (Mideavor. Hawaii will do her part in the future, as she has done her part in the past. The world is forging ahead, and, at the same time, impatiently clamoring for solutions to- a host of problems — social, economic and industrial. As mar- velous as have been achievements in the realm of economic entomology, still greater problems invite solution^ and already we may be on the threshold of some startling discoveries.. Ti'ained intellects are todav more in demand than ever before 378 and I am sure you will agree with me when I say that ti-uly effective eiitonmlogieal work demands minds very carefully pre- pared along particular lines. Yes, there are greater develop- ments close ahead of all workers in entomology, and, Avithont hragging for the ITawaiian Entomological Society, I feel conii- dent that Hawaii will continue to maintain her most crcditaVde position in the scientitic race, and that her entouKilogists will not fail to secure their share of the honors in whatever ad- vancement is recorded. There are still many entomological prohlems of importance facing Hawaii today which can only be solved by the most careful study and joatient scientihc research. The purpose of this address is not to go into detail as to such problems, but thej^ are well known to our most active members. It suffices to say that the solution of one or more of any of these by our entomologists cannot but bring additional credit to them, to the Society and benefit to the Territory. The Society also con- tinues to feel the necessity of further research and biological Avork in connection with our endemic insect fauna, and whilst considerable has been done on these lines in past years by our members, there still remains much left undone and a ]>art of which it is hoped will be undertaken in the near future. I very much regret that I have been prevented by illness, and by absence from the Territory, from presiding more often at our meetings during the past year, and I want to take this opportunity to express my thanks to Vice-President D. L. Crawford for taking my place and assuming the duties of the office, whenever it was necessary during that period. These same circumstances have compelled me to very hurriedly and, perhaps, somewhat disconnectedly, deal with the present sub- ject as the presidential address for the year, and I therefore ask the kind indulgence of the members because of any import- ant omissions I mav have made. 374 Cerotrioza (Psyllidae, Homoptera). BY I). L. CRAWFOIM). In a previous paper on Hawaiian Psyllidae^ the genus Cerotrioza was ei'ected for one species apparently native on the island of Oahii. There were referred to this same genus two species from the South Pacific whicL seemed to be related to the Hawaiian species. Examination of additional specimens representing the same as well as new species both from Hawaii and the South Pacific has convinced me that a change must be made in this genus. Cerotrioza should be a little more restricted to include two Hawaiian species (one new and described below), while the South Pacific species should be referred to the genus Leuronota Crawford- already established and embracing several species from various parts of the world. CEROTRIOZA rcdeiincd — Vertex as long as l)road or longer, pro- duced in front into two rounded epiphyses extending over and often beyond insertion of antennae ; genae slightly swollen around insertion of antennae but not produced into conical processes. Remainder of original definition valid. This genus in Hawaii is apparently a derivative of some species of Leuronota, for the two genera are similar in the elongate, unarched body and elongate wings with similar venation but differ in the structure of the head : — Ccrotrioca — Genal cones wanting ; vertex longer than broad or at least as long as broad, produced in front into two large epiphyses. Leuronota — C'.enal cones present, porrect, half or fully as long as ver- tex ; vertex not as long as broad, sometimes produced into two small epiphyses close to front ocellus. The following species have been or are now referred to the genus Leuronota : — L. maeulaia Crawford^ — Southwestern United States. L. acutipennis Crawford" — Xicaragna. L. longipennis Crawford"'^Florida. 1 Proc. Haw'n. Ent. Soc. Ill, No. .5, p. 4.54. April, 1918. 2 United States Nat. Mus. Bui. 8.5:67, 1914, " United States Nat. Mus. Bui. 85 -.67-70, 1914. Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc, IV, No. 2. June, 1920. L. minida Crawford"* — Ijengal, India. L. corniger Crawford^ — Singapore. L. microceras Crawford'' — Borneo. Cerotrioza bridwelli n. sp. Similar to C. bivittata Crawford but differing as follows : Vertex about as long as broad, discally impressed deeply on each side of median suture. Lateral vitta wanting or scarcely discernible ; color fulvous. Cerotrioza bridzuelli. Forewing; stippled areas are colored brown Forewings without axial vitta, but irregularly maculated as shown in the accompanying illustration ; cubital cell more nearly rectangular than in the other species. Described from one female taken by J. C. Bridwell at runalnu, Koolan Mountains, Oahn, 1916. A Note on Apterocyclus (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). BY H. T. OSBOEN. While collecting for several days in the vicinity of Kokee, Kanai, in .Tune of this year, lifteen presentable specimens of this little-known Kauai genus were obtained. It was after several days of tramping and collecting that I accidentally stumbled onto their location. A new forest trail was in course of construction on the steep slope leading into the Kauaikinana stream at about 3,500 feet elevation and while descendiuo- this 4 Records of Indian Museum, VII, Part 5:433, 1912. Described as Allotriosa iiiiiiuta but must be referred to Lcuronota as AUotrioza is in synonymy. 5 These two species were placed in Cerotrioza in a paper which is in press, to appear in tlie Philippine Journal of Science, liut they are now referred to Lcuronota. Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc. IV, No. 2, June, 1920. 37C a brokeii-up beetle was observed in the path. A closer examina- tion revealed a number of dead and rotting grubs in the newly packed soil. A close watch was then kept while the Japanese dug up some 50 or more yards of new trail. The results so far as obtaining adult beetles were concerned were very meagre, only four being secured alive. The grubs, however, were pres- ent in large nuud^ers, certainly not less than 500 of various sizes being turned over. The grubs occurred from two to eight inches beneath the surface in the loose soil about the forest trees, but no definite evidence of feeding was observed. On June 12th while following the auto road from Ilale- manu to Puu Ka Pele, 3,300 feet elevation, I was surprised to notice two live beetles in the dust in the auto tire track. They were lying on their backs and seemed unable to turn over and escape. Close watch was then ke])t and in a distance of about a mile a number of beetles were found in this same position, though most of them were crushed and worthless. In all, eleven of these found along the road were in good enough shajx' for preservation. At Puu Ka Pele in digging with a small hand trowel about the roots of a clump of old Koa trees a half-dozen grubs of Apterocyclus were found, while the remains of dead beetles were found in the trash and debris under the trees. From these few facts it would seem that instead of being rare the beetles of this genus are quite abundant, and furnish an interesting subject for further study. The Puu Ka Pele specimens appear to be a different species from those obtained in the Kaimikiuana Valley. Some New Hawaiian Lepidoptera. BY O. II. SWEZEY. During the past five years specimens of new species of moths have been accumulating. These have mostly been reared specimens from caterpillars found in various places, and from Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc. IV. No. 2, June, 1920. 37^ that reason have the greater interest. I now give descriptions of a number of these that they may go on record. The type specimens are deposited in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Caradrixidae. Euxoa wikstroemiae n. sp. $. Head and thorax pale l)rovvnish gre\' ; antennae and palpi of the same color, but the median joint of the palpi dark brown on the outer side except at the apex. Legs nearly uniformly concolorous with the tiiorax ; abdomen concolorous, but paler. Forewings pale brownish grey ; subbasal, first, and second lines paler, but a little darker edged; the first line strongly waved; second line feebly waved, very indistinct ; orbicular and reniform partially outlined with pale brown ; a median browner shade clear across the wing ; two black spots near termen, one on each side of vein 5, the anterior spot the larger. Hindwings nearly uniform pale brownish grey, paler than the forewings; a fuscous discal mark and a terminal series of blackish dots; underside with a distinct dentate post medial line, the discal mark also showing plainer tiian on upper side. Expanse, 39-40 mm. Quite distinct from all other endemic Hawaiian species of the genus. Described from 2 2 9 reared from two suiall cater- pillars found on a Wilstroemia bush at to]^ of west wall of Waimea Canyon, Kauai, at an elevation of about 1500 feet, February 14, 1015 (Swezey). The caterpillars ol)taine(1 their full-growth and entered soil to pupate March 24th, and the adult moths appeared April 22nd. Caterpillar. The full-gTOwn caterpillar was 40 mm. in length; nearly uniforndy dark ftisc(Mis, minutely spotted with paler, whitish on ventral surface; head light ferruginous; cervical shield black with a broad yellow discal patch widest posteriorly, a median white line which extends indistinctly onto the two following segments ; setae very short, pale, each in a black dot; anal shield black with several yellow spots; spiracles oval, entirely black. Pupa. 20 mm. long; yellowish brown, infuscated on dor- sum of metathorax and abdomen; a dorsal transverse band of small pits near anterior margin of 5th, (5th, and 7th abdominal 378 segments ; Aving-slieatlis, antenuae-slieaths and posterior leg- sheaths extend to apex of 4th abdominal segment; cremaster Avith two short diverging spines, thick at base, dark reddish, apical half whitish. I have found apparently the caterpillars of the same spe- cies, but failed to rear them, at the following places on Oahu, and always on ^Yil•stroemia: October 25, 1914, on the ridge back of Alewa Heights; April 30, lOl'i, on Waialae Xui ridge; July 0, 1916, on the east side of Mr. Kaala near ilie top. The caterpillars are found on their food-plant in the daytime, a different habit from the other species so far as known. Having a tree for food-plant is also an unusual habit for the moths of this kind in Hawaii. Euxoa kerri n. sp. (J , $ . Head and thorax gre\', collar with a slight brownish tinge ; palpi somewhat sprinkled with fuscous on the outer side ; antennae grey, that of male shortly bipectinate for about two-thirds of its length ; legs pale grey, tibiae and tarsi marked with fuscous ; abdomen pale grey, anal tufts slightly yellowish. Forewings brownish ochreous to brownish fuscous, the paler portions at base and termen ; subbasal, first and second lines whitish, edged with brownish fuscous ; first line strongly waved, much bent inwardly on vein 1 ; second line slightly waved, strongly bent outwardly on vein i ; orbicular oval, brownish outlined, in one specimen { $ ) filled with pale ochreous, in the other ( $ ) partially filled with fuscous ; reniform par- tially brownish outlined, pale ochreous in the male, partially filled with fuscous in the female. Hindwings of male pale grey, the veins somewhat fuscous; of female light fuscous, paler towards the base. Expanse, 38-42 mm. Described from a male and female reared from two small caterpillars found on plants of Boerhaavia tetrandra, collected by Dr. Wm. Kerr of the U.S.S. ''Rainbow", on French Frig- ate Shoals, October, 1914. These caterpillars were fed on Por- tidaca oleracea and grew to maturity, and pupated on Jan- uary 5tli and 14th respectively. The moths appeared on Jan- uary 20th and February 8 th. Caterpillar. Length when full-grown about 50 mm. It re- sembles the caterpillar of Agrotis crlnigera except that the head 179 is paler, almost entirely pale yellowish testaceous with slender black line along i)araclypeal suture where cnnlgera has quite a wide blackish mark. The cervical shield is also paler than that of crlnigera. Pnjia. Similar to that of crlnigera; length, 20 mm. Sphingidae. Celerio perkinsi n. sp. Head and thorax olive brown, a lateral stripe on head and margins of patagia whitish to ochreous. Antennae dark fuscous, apex whitish except the very tip, which is fuscous. Palpi concolorous with the head, paler at base. Legs greyish brown. Abdomen nearly black above, with a median streak of the same color as the thorax, the posterior margins of segments with fringe of white scales except in region of the median streak. Thorax and abdomen below ochreous, with faint pinkish tinge. Forewings dark brown, much suffused with greyish and ochreous scales and hairs; lines fuscous brown, first line indistinct except near costa. preceded by a triangular very dark fuscous dorsal patch ; median line curved inwardly towards costa and outwardly towards dorsum ; second line nearly parallel with median but closer to it dorsally, with outward crenulations between the veins ; dark fuscous marks at terminations of the veins ; an inwardly oblique short blackish bar at apex ; a discal brownish fuscous mark and another at end of cell ; a large somewhat triangular brownish patch with its base on dorsum between second line and tornus ; cilia dark fuscous at ends of veins, paler between, ochreous towards tornus. Hindwings very dark fuscous or nearly black, with a median band of pink which is nearly obsolete towards costa, wide at anal angle ; cilia ochreous. Under side of wings with a pinkish tinge, most intense towards dorsum of each wing. Expanse of wings, 57-65 mm. Somewhat resembles zvilsoni in the pattern of the forewings, but dif- fers from that species particularly in the white segmental marks on the abdomen, instead of orange as in wilsoni, and the pink band on the hindwing where it is orange in wilsoni. It is also of smaller size. Hab. Palolo Crater, Oahu, Sej^t. o, 1906, one specimen collected while at rest on a tree trunk (Swezey) ; one specimen collected on lower part of Mt. Tantalus at upper part of IManoa Valley, Oahu, Oct. 5, 1919 (Bryan) ; one specimen reared from a small caterpillar given me by Mr. J. A.' Kusche, who found it feeding on leaves of Straiissia, ^It. Tan- talus, Oahu, Oct. 11, 1919. This caterpillar was fed on Straui^sia. leaves, and finished its growth by Oct. 25, when it 380 spun Tip in moss of the breeding jar. It pupated four days later, and the moth emerged Xov. 19, after three weeks in the pupal stage. I Lave named rliis moth for Dr. Perkins, who was with me when I found the tirst specimen, and at once recognized it as different from the known species. The specimen, however, was too much battered and abraded for description. This is now made possible Itv the reared specimen in good condition, and the fairly good specimen collected by Mr, Bryan. XoTE. — Recently the Bishop Museum has received, by way of exchange, a pair of Cclcno (/alli intermedia Ivirby from Mr. B, Preston Clark of Boston. These specimens were collected in Alaska. The species is widely distributed in ^N'orth America. Comparing these with the Hawaiian Celerios. there is a striking similarity in the color patterns of the wings, and the abdominal markings. The similarity is most striking with our C. calida (Butler). It seems to me to indicate the American origin of the ancestors of the Hawaiian Celerios. ]\rr, Clark, in letter, also concurs in the belief that the Ilti- waiiau Spliingidae are allied to those of America. PYRArSTIOAE. Mestolobes chrysomolybdoides n. sp. 9 . Head, thorax and abdomen dark leaden-fuscous ; palpi light yel- low ; antennae dark fuscous ; legs greyish-fuscous, tarsi whitish ringed. Forewings nearly black, almost completely suffused with shining leaden scales except at first and second lines ; first line near middle of wing, slightly curved, black with a short yellow streak in costal half; second line near termen, broad, black, outwardly curved and broader a little beyond middle ; cilia to middle of termen white, dark fuscous at base, beyond middle of termen grey, dark fuscous at base. Hindwings dark fuscous-brown, basal half a little paler ; cilia white, fuscous-brown at base. Expanse of wings, 12-13 mm- H.vB. Mt. Ivaala, Oahu, about 2500 feet elevation, March 4, 1917, two specimens reared from larvae in moss on tree (Timbcrlake). 381 Near M. clirysomolyhda Meyr., Init the palpi are wholly yellow, and the leadeu coloration is not broken up into four distinct fasciae as in that species, and the latter does not have the white cilia of the forewings. Mestolohcs chryso iii o lb d aides. Mestolobes quadrifasciata n. sp. S , 2 ■ Head brownish fuscous, a vertical white line extending for- ward from base of each antenna, a few white scales on outer side and "behind insertion of antennae, collar white; antennae brownish fuscous spotted with white, in male thicker in diameter and finely and densely pubescent; palpi clothed with long loose scales, brownish fuscous, with a line of white scales continuing from the white collar, and some white scales nearer the apex. Thorax brownish fuscous, pronotum with poste- rior line of white scales, patagia bordered with white outwardly. Legs ochreous, tarsi fuscous, ringed with white. Abdomen ochreous to grey- ish fuscous, apical margins of segments paler. Forewings ochreous, with fuscous scales somewhat mixed and a tendency to border the four trans- verse white fascia representing tlie subbasal. first, median and second lines ; subbasal line at one-fourth of costa, angled outwardly at middle ; first line at one-third of costa, a little outwardly curved at middle, some- times interrupted a little beyond middle : median line a little beyond mid- dle of wing, hardly reaching dorsum ; second line at three-fourths of costa, nearly evenly curved outwardly, reaches dorsum very close to tornus ; a costal white dot just before apex ; a terminal series of white dots among fuscous scales; cilia pale fuscous, dark fuscous at base. Hind-wings greyish fuscous, cilia the same, a little darker at base. lExpanse of wings, 9-1 1 mm. A small species, distinguished by the four nearly complete transverse white fasciae on the forewings. PTab. Palolo, Mt. Olympus, Mt. Konahuanui, and Kau- muahona, Oahu, 1908-1914 (Swezey). A common species in the mountains near Honolulu. 382 Hypoxomeutidae. Semnoprepia pittospori n. sp. ^ Head and thorax white, face and patagia fuscous ; palpi with mid- dle joint fuscous on outer side, terminal joint whitish; antennae dark fuscous ; legs with femora pale ochreous, fore and middle tibiae and tarsi dark fuscous ; hind tibiae pale ochreous, hind tarsi marked with fuscous. Abdomen very light fuscous, anal tufts pale ochreous. Forewings dark fuscous brown, with a whitish streak on dorsal margin; a short dark fuscous mark in the fold and just at the middle of the anterior edge of the dorsal whitish streak; apical cilia dark fuscous, cilia at tornus whit- ish, between this and apex spotted, fuscous alternating with whitish. Hindwings pale grey, cilia whitish. Expanse, 13 mm. Described from o S S reared from dead PHfasporum wood, Kiiliouoii, Oalm, June 25, 191 ("5 (Swczey). Semnoprepia coprosmae n. sp. (5 , $ . Head, thorax and palpi ochreous brown; antennae dark fus- cous, basal fifth nearly black; legs with femora ochreous, fore and mid- dle tibiae and tarsi dark fuscous, hind til)iae ochreous, hind tarsi marked with fuscous; abdomen ochreous. Forewings nearly uniformly ochreous brown ; three conspicuous dark fuscous spots, one on middle of fold, one in the cell at middle of wing, one at end of cell ; a series of small dark fuscous marginal spots extending around apex of wing; cilia ochreous. Hindwings pale grey without markings; cilia pale ochreous. Expanse, 18-23 mm- Described from seven specimens (type i ) reared from larvae feeding in live wood of Coprosma longifoUa at Malama- lama, a ridge on the windward slope of JMt. Konaluianui, Oalm, October 8, 1916 (Swezey). The larvae of this genus are elongate and whitish and nsnally feed in dead wood; but the larvae of this species were found in the live wood and were quite abundant in the trees of the locality. The injury by them caused dead places in the tree trunks and branches, and a very rough, gnarlly appearance where the growing of the tree had partially overgrown the injuries. Pieces of branches containing larvae were brought in, and the moths issued l^ovember 20 to December 14. A series of 18 8clerodermiis semnopvepiae Bridwell also issued from this material, and cutting up some of the wood, it was 383 demonstrated that this parasite had bred on the larvae of Semnoprepiae. It was found to be a new species and de- scribed later by ^Mr. J. C Bridwell. Plutellidae. Plutella capparidis n. sp. <5 , $ . Head, thorax and abdomen dirty white. Antennae dirty white, with dark fuscous spots on apical half. Palpi brownish fuscous on outer side. Patagia brownish fuscous. Forewings brownish fuscous, with a wide dorsal streak of creamy white, having an oblique extension from near the tornus to the costa a little before apex, this streak irregularly sinuate on the anterior edge, the anterior edge nearly white and the brownish fuscous area of the wing has black scales on the edge bordering this streak, there are also a few scattered black scales on the dorsal mar- gin ; a narrow creamy white spot in basal third of costa, a larger some- what triangular patch at middle of costa, each of these having black scales in the edge of the surrounding brownish fuscous area and the larger spot has a small spot of black scales on costa; cilia light fuscous mixed with paler scales, and a black line at the base. Hindwings and cilia very light fuscous. Anterior and middle legs dark fuscous, tibiae and tarsi with white rings ; posterior legs dirty white, tarsi fuscous marked. Expanse of wings, 8-8.5 "im- A very distinct species from P. maculipennis and P. albo- venosa. the other species known to occur here. Described from 20 specimens reared from larvae found by Mr. J. C. Bridwell feeding on the leaves of Capparis sandwicJiiaun. IIab. Ewa Coral Plain, Oahu, June 8, 1919 (Bridwell). The light green larvae feed mostly on the surface of the leaves, eating one epidermis and the parenchyma and leaving the other epidermis, which show^s as dead spots in the leaves. 184 Occasionally the larvae have a tendency to mine within the leaf. ' Usnally they are exposed, but sometimes covered by a slight Aveb. The cocoon is made on the surface of the leaf. It IS not so distinctly of an open network structure as is usual with Plutella, tho there is a tendency for it to be of fine net- work with a thin outer covering. It is denser than usual for Plutella, but thin enough so that the pupa can be made out inside. The lot of larvae brought in by Mr. Bridwell, from which the 20 moths wei-e reared, proved to be very highly parasit- ized by Chelonus hlacl-hurni. Thirty-three of this parasite issued from the lot, making a parasitism of 62%. TOBTBICIDAE. Capua reynoldsiana n. sp. ^ , $ . Head, thorax, legs, palpi and antennae cinereous, the antennae somewhat fuscous ringed ; abdomen pale ochreous, anal tufts concolorous. Forewings cinereous with numerous scattered spots of dark fuscous scales, the three largest spots in a line beginning with one on costa near base and extending obliquely backwards, about a dozen of the spots are on the costa ; cilia cinereous. Hindwings cinereous with a slight ochreous tinge; cilia cinereous. Expanse, 15-20 mm. Capua reynoldsiana Described from a series of 29 specimens reared from larvae and pupae found on leaves of Reynoldsla sandmcensis ; 7 of them from Niu, Oahu, Feb. 10, 1918; 11 from Wailupe, Oahu, April 21, 1918; 11 from Kunia, Oahu. ^^ovember 20, 1918 (Swezey). 385 The caterpillar is green and spins together leaves t(j feed between. It pupates in spun-together leaves. The pupa is brown, 7-10 mm. long, with the usual two doi'sal transverse rows of minute spines or serrations on the abdominal segments. From the lot of caterpillars and pupae collected at Wailupe, the following parasites issued: 1 Echthrouiorpha fuscafor, 1 Pimpla lidwaiiensis, 1 Cremastus hymeriiae, 3 Chalcis obscu- rata, and 1 Chalcis obscurata was dissected from a cocoon of Cremastus hymeniae. Capua tetraplasandra n. sp. $ . Head and thorax orange brown ; antennae light fuscous, orange brown at base ; palpi orange brown outwardly, whitish on inner side ; legs ochreous, the anterior pair pale brown below ; abdomen grey och- reous, the anal tufts yellowish. Forewings orange brown with numerous spots of metallic-tipped scales having a bluish tinge in certain angles, these spots arranged in transverse rows ; a broad oblique darker brown band extends from outer end of costal fold to tornus, a faint indication of a similar band extending from outer end of costal fold to anal angle, in both bands some groups of black scales; the somewhat triangular area between these bands suffused dorsally with lemon yellow, and with three black spots on hind margin ; terminal cilia ochreous with a basal black band, tornal cilia entirely black. Hindwings light fuscous, the costal portion pale; cilia pale, fuscous at base. Under side of wings with numerous fuscous bars. One specimen has the ground color of the forewings paler, and more black scales in the oblique darker bands, also a sprinkling of fuscous scales in apical third. Expanse, 16-17 mm. Described from two males reared from larvae in fruits of Tetraplasandra; the type from Kaumuahona, Oahu, ISTovemlier 17, 1918; the other specimen from Wailupe, Oahu, April 21, 1918 (Swezey). TiNEIDAE. Gracilaria neraudicola n. sp. ^,9- Head creamy white; antennae brownish, basal segment pale; palpi whitish, median joint fuscous at apex, terminal joint with fuscous band at middle and at apex. Thorax brownish fuscous, pale in middle 086 and posteriorly; legs ochreous, anterior and middle til)iae and tarsi and posterior tarsi fuscous marked. Forewings brownish fuscous, with three dorsal outwardly-oblique white streaks widened at base and margined with a few black scales, somewhat curved apically, the third one nearly connected with a white slender outwardly-oblique black-margined line at three-fourths of costa, beyond this white line three or four white costal spots ; a round black spot at apex with a few pale bluish scales, a few pale bluish scales between this spot and the third dorsal white streak, sometimes this area ochreous ; apical and terminal cilia brownish, paler near base and black at extreme base, tornal cilia very pale brown. Hindvvings and cilia pale brown. Abdomen pale brownish. Expanse of wings, 7.5-8 mm. Resembles eplhatJira Walsm. and hibisccUa S\v., but a smaller species, the oromicl color of forewings darker, and slight differences in apical markings. Described from 0 speci- mens reared from mines in leaves of Neraiidia rtielastomaef olia. IIab. Two specimens Pnnalun, Oalm, June 11, 1916, and 4 specimens Waiahole, Oahu, August 13, 1916 (Swezey). A series of five specimens reared from leaves of Pipturus alhidus at Pahoa, Puna, Hawaii, September 20, 1918 (Swezey) seems to be the same species. Nemudia and Ptpturus are near re- lated trees, and it is not unlikely that the same species might attack both plants, tho of three species of Philodoria mining Piptiirus leaves, not one of them has yet been found mining Nerauclm leaves. Miscellaneous Notes on Hymenoptera, 2nd Paper, With Descriptions of New Species. BY .TOHN COT.BURX BEIDWEI.L. 25. BATTIYi\fETlS S])., A CeVPTINE PaUASITK ( ) 1' SlIMIOXA 8TI.Ml'EAXS A.NU OtHEE DuiVd FlV LaEVAK. Among the parasites of dimg flies secured liv Mr. A. Ivoebele in Germany and Switzerland in his si'arch for para- sites of the hornfly and sent to Honolulu for lil)eration, was a species of Bathymetis which the literature at hand does not permit us to identify. Specimens in the collection of the Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc, IV, No. 2. June, 1920. 387 Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association show that it was bred from material sent in 1908, 1009, and 1911. Mr. Swezej (Planters' Record 2:360-366, 1910) records breeding it from some lots of material received October l"), 1909. Some parasites had already emerged and died, twelve were still living and twenty more emerged during the fol- lowing week and a new generation was secured, and by No- vember, eight adults of a new generation were secured from dipterous puparia in cow dung, the parasite ovipositing in the T)uparia. Subsequent sendings received from Oct. 28 to Jan- 7, 1910, produced about 475 parasites and from these and the parasites secured by breeding, colonies of 20 females and 20 males were liberated in Manoa Valley (Nov. 1909) ; 21 females and 39 males in Nuuanu Valley (Xov. 1909) ; 26 females and 34 males at Waialae Dairy; 26 females and 34 males (Nov. 1909) and about 12 females and 30 males (May. 1910) also on Oahu, the exact locality not designated, tmd on Maui, at the Grove Ranch, 11 females and 17 males (Jan. 1910) ; and a colony of 16 females and 34 males were sent to the Parker Ranch on Hawaii for liberation (Dec. 1909). Mr. Swezey also records {Op. CiL 7:258, 1912) re- ■ceiving a shipment from Switzerland on Nov. 29, 1911, from which 14 females and 30 males emerged dui-ing the next two months o-f which some were liberated. He found that with the advent of the winter season with its slight reduction of temperature most of the parasites went into a hibernating condition on reaching full larval growth, some keeping dormant in this way from Deeend)er until ^Fay. It is interesting to note that there is a single male of this species in the collection referred to, bred out January 4, 1912, from a puparium brought down from Manoa Valley bv ]\lr. Muir. I cannot find that the species has been seen since. It does not seem that the species could in any ease prove very important in the control of the hornfly, since it attacks the puparium and this in the horn fly is tiglitly en- -closed in the hardened dung so that the parasite would have 388 great diitieulty iu peuetrating to it, its ovipositor beiug too short to penetrate to any great distance. It is also not in any way a special enemy of the hornfly but apparently attacks any muscoid puparia it encounters. 26. AsPiLOTA KONAE Asbuicad. This species has been taken in recent years on Oahu only m the mountains; on Mt. Kaala, in Wailupe, Palolo, Wai- mano and Opaeula valleys by Swezey, and from Mt. Kaala, Palolo and Kuliouou by Timberlake. In January or February, 1914, the tree shells of the genus Achatinella were found down on the paths along the Castle trail in large numbers and from them were bred the Sarcophagid Dyscritomyia sp. From one of the puparia of this fly 5 or 6 Alysiids were bred. In the press of other work at the time this material was probably all lost, but I am inclined to believe that it was this species Avhich emerged. In any case it has so far always been taken in the regions where these flies are found. It would not be surprising if it should prove to be an endemic species. The variation iu the uuuil)er of antenual joints iu tbt; species is most remarkalde. I have seen females with 2<5 joints and others with hut 18 while the type was described as having 28 joints. 27. Tablk of Some Species of Hawaiiax Braconidae. With the exception of one or two species, the Bra- conidae found in the Hawaiian Islands are immigrant foruis brought in by the ordinary operations of commerce or, in some instances, purposely introduced in the effort to control obnoxious insects. In all about forty species are now known to be established and it is desirable for the use of local, workers to have the species tabulated. The writer has recently tabu- lated* the species falling into the sub-family long known as the Braconinae hut which through the vicissitudes of type ^Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. i, p. IT3. 1919. 389 fixation have required a new group name. For this group Gahan has proposed the name Vipiinae*"". This name appar- ently cannot stand. In the tirst place the genitive oiy'ipio is Vipionis, and the subfamily name bivsed on it is correctly Vipioninae which the writer used in the place referred to. But the name of the genus which is the type of the subfam- ily is now ]\[icrohracon and the subfamily should then be called the Microbraconinae. The Braconidae tabulated here have been placed in various subfamilies but to the writer they seem to belong to- gether. However, in default of opportunity for thorough consideration of the matter he does not wdsh to give them at present any common designation. They have the following characters in common: the head is completely margined behind and there is a sinus between the clypeus and the mandibles. In all but the wingless endemic E cpliylofsis nigra Ashmead the parapsidal furrows are strongly impressed, there are two closed cubital cells in the front wing and in the hind wing there are two cross veins extending backward from the mediellan A^ein, a nervel- lus near the middle of the mediellan cell and a postnervellus interstitial with the basellus. All the species so far as their habits are known are parasites of beetle larvae and all of these but Heterospilus prosopidis. the Briichus parasite, attack wood-boring beetles. The habits of the endemic Erphylopsifi are unknown. TABLE OF SPECIES. 1. Wingless, a very small mountain species, i. Ec/yhylopsis nigra. Winged species 2. 2. Abdomen petiolate or subpetiolate, the first tergite much longer than broad and its sides parallel 3 Abdomen not petiolate, first tergite with the sides converging in front, its posterior margin but little if at all shorter than a side 4- **Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 53:196, iQi/- 390 3- Alidomen distinctly petiolate. the lirsi tcrgitc subcylindrical, hind femora simple, not toothed 2.Spathius perdebilis Perkins Abdomen with the first tergite flattened, but little narrower than the third liind femora incrassate and toothed beneath. 3. Euscclinus percgriinis Perkins 4. First tergite about one and one half times as broad as long, ab- domen oval, hind wings of male with pseudostigma. 4. Hcterospilus prosnpidis Viereck First tergite not broader than long, abdomen more elongate, hind wings without a pseudostigma 5 5. Subdiscoidal nervure continuing in the same line with the dis- coidal, abdomen with transverse row of crenulate sulci on tergites 3-5 5. Horniiopterns z-agrans n. sp. Subdiscoidal nervure arising from the interbrachial nervure, ab- domen without transverse row of crenulate sulci except on tergite three 6 6. Female and male pale testaceous, thorax and abdomen often much infuscate but the parapsidal furrows always pale, third tergite without a crenulate furrow. 6. Iscliiogoniis palliatiis (Blackburn) Female with the head pale, tliorax and abdomen black, male pale testaceous, third tergite with a crenulate furrow. 7. Ischiogoiiiis pallidiccps Perkins 28. A Xkw I:\tMrouA.\T H()i;.Mi(>rTF;Rrs. Hormiopterus vagrans n. sp. Female: Head brownisli-ycllow, eyes black, mandibles and antennae infuscate toward apex ; thorax and abdomen dull reddish brown, pro- podeum and first tergite black, tlie other tergites more or less dark on the disk; legs pale testaceous, the tarsi a little infuscate at apex; ovipositor sheaths black apically, jialer at l)ase ; wings subhyaline, iridescent, the nervures blackish, paler apically, stigma and costa ex- cept at apex pale testaceous. Antennae about 35-jointed, about as long as the entire body, all the joints longer than liroad, first fiagellar joint a little longer than the second ; face thinly hirsute, finely granular, with shallow indefinite punctures; eyes rounded, exceedingly slightly emarginate opposite the antennae, malar space broad ; genae a little broader below ; ocelli in a very small triangle, separated from each other by but little more than the diameter of one, much nearer tn eacii otlicr than to tlie eye mar- gin; front, vertex, and occiput minutely tessellate ; occiput and vertex with the hairs directed forward. Mesonotum roughly tessellate or granular, hirsute, the parapsidal furrows converging behind and meeting at about two-thirds of the dis- tance to the scutellum and continued to it in a broad shallow rugulose 391 furrow with three longitudinal carinae : sides of pronotuin rugulose with a longitudinal carina near the middle reaching to the front and liind margins ; mesopleura and mesosternum margined in front, a deep smooth furrow on either side separating the sternum from the pleura, the vertical furrow hroad and rugose mesopleura tessellate granulate above, smooth below and shining as is the sternum, middle line of mesosternum crenulate ; prescutellar sulcus not deeply impressed, divided by about five raised longitudinal lines; propodeum with two well defined lateral areas touching in front and each bounded by a raised consute line, the rugose petiolar area therefore narrowed. Abdomen slightly longer than head and thorax combined, widest across the fourth segment, the ovipositor about two-thirds as long ; pedicel about as long as its apical width and longitudinally, coarsely rugoso-striate ; second tergite short, transverse and closely fused with the third, its apical margin broadly raised and polished, its broad mar- gin more narrov/ly raised and smooth, between is a transverse row of longitudinal sulci and coarse striae ; third and fourth tergites each with a transverse row of crenulate sulci at the basal margin, the striae separating the sulci radiating obliquely outward especially towards the sides of the disk and gradually becoming obliterated before reaching the apical margin, which is smooth, the striae sometimes branching or more often with secondary finer striae in the interstices but these gen- erally do not reach quite to the basal margin ; fifth tergite similar to the preceding two but the striae are wholly longitudinal and parallel ; second to fifth tergites moreover become rugoso-striate on the vertical sides and slightly more finely sculptured here than on the disk; sixth ter- gite minutely tessellate at base and finely, transversely lineolate at apex; last two tergites mostly concealed beneath the sixth and apparently wholly smooth. Length, 3.6; wing, 2.8; ovipositor i.i mm. Male : Similar to the female, but the abdomen is much slenderer, the second tergite no shorter than the following segments ; each of the first five tergites, including the pedicel, with coarse striae reaching nearly to the apex of the segments, the interstices rugose with fine cross lines; antennae with about 27 to 29 joints. Length, 2.6; wing, 2.3 mm. Described from 10 females, 11 males reared from larvae of Neoclytarhis ciipliorhidp from Ewa Coral Plain, Oaliii, Jmie, 1910 (Bridwell), and 12 females, 4 males collected in Honolnln, on Mt. Tantalus, and in Palolo, Nin, Waihipe, Knlionon and Waianae Valleys, Oahn (Giffard, Swezey and Timberlake), the earliest specimen having been taken in ]^in, Feb. ], 1911 (Swezey). Type and allotype in the collection of the Hawaiian En- 392 tomological Society. Paratypes in the eolleetioii of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, and in the collections of Mr. Timberlake and the author. 29. OviPosiTsoN OF IscHiOGONus PALLiATCs (Blackbiiru ) . A lot of three females and males were bred from a larva of FJagithmysus pulverulentus under the bark of Acacia l-oa from Oahu brought in by Mr. Swezey. These emerged about Juno 15, and were fed and seen to mate and were placed with a branch of Euphorbia containing larvae of N eoclytarliis and on July 7 four males and three females liad emerged. These were placed with material containing larvae of Neocly- tarlus. A female was seen ovipositing July 8, the oviposition being similar to that of Heterospilus prosopidis, the ovipo- sitor being grasped by the apical two-thirds of the sheaths, the bases of the sheaths and ovipositor being ^yidely separated. The sheaths are strongly bent and served to brace the ovi- positor while in operation. The oviposition was^ nearly eoiu- plete when noticed and no details further were observed. This species has been recorded by Dr. Perkins as attack- ing the Plagithmysine beetles in the native forests. My ob- servations show that these attacks are responsible for a very heavy mortality among them, particularly in the case of species iittacking thin-barked trees. 30. Myemosula Bradley. Myrmosa parvula, Fox and M. rufiventris Blake were originally included. The former may be considered the type. Probably the group is better considered as generic. IVIyrmosula rufiventris (Blake). This species has apparently been represented in collections by the unique type in the collection of the American Ento- mological Society from Nevada. It is represented in the author's collection by a single 393 male collected at Corvallis, Oregon, June 30, probably 1907 or 8 (J. C. Bridwell). This has since remained in my collection unidentified, the peculiar structure of the mandibles having been un- described. The mandibles are rather elongate and slender and bidentate at apex, the lower tooth being much longer than the upper. When the mandibles are closed, doubtless the huge median tooth is concealed. This is sub-triangular, a little recurved, acute at apex, and a little longer than its in the author's collection. Two other species are described as having the abdomen more or less ferruginous. //. arenanmi Cockerell is a smaller species (3 mm.), the tibiae are red and the longitudinal raised line of the propodeum is distinct. //. texanus (Ashmead) has the legs entirely red, the petiole of the 2nd cubital cell is de- scribed as only a third as long as the side of the cell while in ihnberlakei it is more than half as long. Texanus is a small- fr species (3 mm.) and the propodeal raised longitudinal line is distinct, the collar is said to be brownish ferruginous and the tM'o or three apical segments are said to be dark. These differences may be inconstant, since in the tAvo individuals of 3 DO timherlakei before me, one has the apical segment black and the other is dark only at the apex. 33. A !Nkw XiTELixK Gexi's I'Rom South Africa. Mutillonitela new genus. Head transverse, oblong, the eyes elongate, convergent above oc- cupying the entire side of the head from the vertex to the base of the mandible. Mandibles edentate, strongly notched before the middle. Clypeus transverse, broadly expanded in front, entire along the whole margin, with alwut six strong flattened blunt parallel spines beneath the margin in the middle. Antennae inserted just above the clypeus, the sockets in a line with the anterior margin of the eyes, scape stout and excavated at apex. Ocelli in an obtuse triangle, the hind ocelli in front of the summit of the eyes. A deep fovea between the ocelli and eye margin, wings somewhat abbreviated with completely closed costal, median, submedian, one cubital, one discoidal, and brachial cell. Radial cell very short, variably open at apex or closed, barely extending beyond the apex of the short first cubital cell, nervulus inserted before the basal, nervellus far before the margin of the radiellus. Hind and middle tibiae spinose. the anterior tibiae of female with a well developed tarsal comb. Abdomen of female without a defined pygidial area. Head and thorax clothed with two kinds of pubescence, peculiar erect setae and the ordinary fine pubescence. Wings strongly pubes- cent, subhyaline to beyond the venation then strongly infuscate. Related to Saliostctluts and Miscof^ltoidcs of Rrauns but differs by the venation. Type: MutiUoiiitchi mhiiica Bridwell. Mutillonitela mimica n. sp Female : Length 5 mm. ; wing 3 mm. more or less. Black ; legs, venter of abdomen and apical tergite dull ferruginous, ihe abdominal color darker; posterior margin of scutellum, mentano- tum and outer half of wing base whitish ; anterior calcar pale ; middle (i) and hind (2) calcaria black; mandibles yellowish ferruginous at base, piceous apically ; antennae brownish; venation of wing yellowish. Face, front, vertex, pronotum and mesonotum with stout erect yellow- ish setae, mingled on the head and thorax above with finer silvery pile; coarse silvery hairs on mesopleura, propodeum, epipleura of tergite one. sternite two on the sides and margins of tergites and -Sternites. Head, pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, mesopleura and mctano- tum opaque and granular. Collar about twice as broad as long, rounded down to the declivity; propodeum without a well defined basal area, the superior face with a 397 feeble longitudinal raised line in a shallow ill defined furrow, surface coarsely tessellate, with feeble radiating striolae basally and transverse ones apically. sides of propodeum obliquely striolate, posterior face nar- row, with a shallow furrow and impressed line above, transversely strongly striolate throughout ; middle and hind tibiae with stout white spines on the outer face as long as the width of the tibiae ; front tarsi grooved beneath, the comb strongly developed ; hind and middle tarsi strongly spinose. Abdomen with the tergites not contracted at the sutures, very finely strongly punctate, the punctures separated by about two or three times their diameter. Described from two females collected at the Mowbray Golf Links, Kappenberg, near Capetown, Feb., 1915 (Brid- vvell). Type in the South African Mnsenm, paratype in the nnthor's collection. Mutillonitela lounsburyi n. sp. Female : Similar to mimica. Length 5 mm.. ; win.5 3 mm. Clypeus pale, ferruginous, legs brownish piceous ; scutellum and metanotum black; tergites 1-3 rufescent ; apical two-thirds of tergite 6 whitish yellow ; sternites 2-6 dark ; pubescence of head much feebler and sparser ; the setae reduced to pointed hairs. Pronotum longer, punctate, the surface between more transversely rugulose; mesonotum similar; scutellum with the punctures very dis- tinct, well separated ; mesopleura shining, the punctures irregularly disposed; propodeum similar to that of mimica but tlie surface more rugose ; sides of propodeum shining with strong, well separated punc- tures, the posterior face like that of mimica. Abdomen shorter, more compact, first tergite broader, the punctures larger, stronger^ and more separated. Described from one female collected in the same locality as mimica Feb. -April, 1915 (Bridwell). Type in the author's collection. Both species were taken runnins; along the bare sand and resemble closely the small MufiUidae which are found there, until disturbed when they escape by flying. I am disposed to consider this a real case of mimicry. A ISTyssonid not yet studied was found under the same circumstances and even more closely resembling the MufiUidae. Xamed in compliment to C. P. Lounsbury, the head of 398 the entomological service of South Africa, who extended me many courtesies during my stay in South Africa. 34. A XeW SlLAO.X FKOM THE HaWAIIAX LsLAXDS WITH Descriptions of two others from California. Silaon rohweri n. sp. Female : Length 4.5 mm. ; wing 3.5 mm. Black ; mandibles piceous at apex ; transverse spots on either side of collar, apex of tubercles, small spots on tegulae, small spot on either side of metanotum, oval spot posteriorly at apex of front and middle tibiae, interrupted stripe on dorsal surface of hind tibiae not attaining base or apex, and calcaria yellowish-white ; wings dusky subhyaline, strongly iridescent, venation dark brown. Body with fine silvery pile covering tlie surface on tlie sides of the clypeus and sides of face. Mandibles simple, clypeus produced in the middle and rounded with a rounded median longitudinal ridge continued as a fine carina to about the middle of the eyes, disappearing at the protuberance of the front ; front vaguely and indefinitely impressed longitudinally in front of the anterior ocellus ; eyes somewhat convergent above ; ocelli in an obtuse triangle, the posterior ones in front of a line connecting the sum- mit of the eyes, nearer to the eye margin than to each other ; process and median ridge of clypeus smooth and shining, a few coarse punctures Siloan roln on the edge of the pubescence which conceals the sides ; front and ver- tex strongly confluently punctured, the genae and occiput more finely so. Collar not margined or carinate anteriorly ; mesonotum, scutellum, and mesopleura closely and subconfluently punctate ; basal margin of 399 propodcum consute ; superior face with irregular transverse well separated line rugae ; the surface hetween tesscUate : with an imper- fectly defined triangular basal area extending over on the declivity ; posterior face transversely rugose or striate divided by the longitudinal sulcus ; sides of propodcum finely longitudinally striate. Tergites very finely but strongly punctate the interspaces, two or three times as wide as a puncture ; first, second, and third tergites with margins depressed, more narrowly laterally ; the depression of second^ and third is not quite one-third the length of the tergite. Sternite shining, more coarsely punctured, the margins testaceous. Nervulus nearly interstitial, first recurrent received by the first cubital cell. Male : Similar to female Init the hind tarsi with the first and second joints pale. The clypeus produced into a narrowly rounded tooth. The last joint of antennae longer than broad about as long as the three preceding joints. Next to last and preceding joint shorter above than below. Basal area of propodcum more definitely finely rugostriate, the striae radiating from the central furrow. Seventh sternite entirely concealed, eighth produced in the middle into a broad, flat truncate process a little longer than broad and about 1-3 the width of the sclerite. Described from a single female specimen secured Lv sweeping- at Waianae village, Oalm, at sea level, May 23, 1919 (Bridwell), and a male from Ewa Coral Plain bred from a cocoon in the borings of Neoclytarlus euphorbiae. It is not absolutely certain that this is an immigrant species, since several endemic Hymenoptera (jccur in the locality where it was foimd. It is, however, probable that it is introduced through commerce, possibly from Central Amer- ica or Mexico. Xamed in honor of Mr. S. A. Rohwer, who has described a majority of the ]N'orth American species. Some dead Eaphorhia wood containing the borings of Neo- clytarlus euphorbiae Bridwell was taken at Sisal on the Ewa Coral Plain on August 31, 1919. The examination of two pieces of the main stem of a bush, probably from the same bush, revealed four cells constructed by this wasp. Each cell occupied the pupal chamber of the Neoclytarlus and the open- ing through which the adult beetle had emerged was plugged up with bits of coral, mud and vegetable debris, in one in- 400 stance some small dried leaves of the Euphorbia were used, in another the glumes of a grass. xVpparently the mud is placed without much ordci within the chamber and there is no definite cell wall surrounding the prey and larva of the Silaon. In two of the cells the larva had died and the dried up prey remained. This consisted of the nymphs of the Lygaeid bug, Nysius, belonging to an undetermined species. One con- tained 12 nymphs and a small dried up larva of the Silaon. But one of the nymphs had been fed upon. The other con- tained a larger dried up larva and four nymphs, two of which had been fed upon somewhat. The other two cells contained a cocoon of the Silaon. These cocoons are nearly elliptical in outline with one end a little larger than the other. The cocoon is earthy, commingled with a little silk and sand grains. They are about 2 mm. thick by 5 mm. long. The nesting place is similar to that described by Xambeau for *S^. xamfiheojui Andre and the cocoon resembles that of that species. S. compediius of Europe was found by Ferton burrow- ing in the ground and making a series of cells containing nymphs of Lygaeid, while Williams found Silaon inerme (Cresson) in Kansas storing Capsid (Mirid) nymphs in a hole in the ground apparently in a spider's buirow. Since the description above was written Dr. F. X. Wil- liams has taken additional material from the Ewa Coral Plain and observed the habits of the species in the field. I am greatly obliged to him for the opportunity to include this material in the type series: (i females, 9 males taken at Sisal, March and April, 1920. Type and alloty])e in tlie collection of the Hawaiian En- tomological Society. Paratypes in the collection of the Ha- waiian Sugar Planters' Association, and in the private col- lections of Dr. Williams and the author. Through the kindness of Dr. Williams I am permitted to use the accompanying figure of the female which is his woi-k. 401 Silaon blaisdelli n. sp. Female : Length 3.5 mm. ; wing 2.5 mm. Nervulus interstitial with the basal nervurc, first recurrent nervure received by the first cubital cell. Black ; mandibles more or less piceous at apex ; interrupted line on collar, tubercles, spot on tubercles, tegulae, spot on apex of front and middle tibiae behind, stripe on tibiae outwardly, calcaria, and stripe on metanotum yellowish-white ; margins of tergites and sternites pale testaceous. Body with appressed silvery pubescence, more conspicu- ous on sides of face, and on the margins of the tergites laterally Clypeus shining not carinate, produced into a short rounded process in the middle, front below with a tectiform ridge ; gibbosity of front not impressed ; eyes but little divergent below ; ocelli in an olituse triangle ; the posterior ocelli in front of the summit of the eyes, about one half as far from the eye margin as from each other. Face, front, vertex, occiput, collar, mesoscutum, scutellum and meta- notum finely, closely and distinctly punctate, the metanotum more finely so ; mesopleura with the surface sculpture similar in general but somewhat concealed by the pubescence, above the impressed pit on the mesepimeron is an ill-defined, glabrous shining spot with the surface microscopically tessellate. Propodeum with the basal area well defined by a U-shaped raised line, basally are some weak radiating striae not one-fourth the length of the area, apically the rugosity of the surface is transverse ; sides of propodeum finely longitudinally striolate ; fovea of posterior face shallow, the parallel transverse ridges feeble but numer- ous and reaching well toward the sides. Wings subhyaline, iridescent, the venation brownish. The petiole of the second cubital cell short, not more than a fourth the length of the sides of the cell, the cell triangular. Abdomen shining, finely, discretely punctate. Described from a single female collected at San Diego, California, March 29, 1891 (Dr. F. E. Blaisdell). Type in tlie author's collection. Similar to roinreri. From rohirerl it differs bv the well- detined i)ropodeal area and longer propodeum. The basal area is V-shaped in rolurcri. Parvus (of which the female is un- described) is described as having the radial cell not appendi- eulate while it is distinctly so in blaisdelli. The basal area of the pro]iodeum of parvus is described as triangular while it is distinctly rounded behind in hlaisdelli. Otherwise from the description the species are very near each other. 402 Silaon similis n. sp. Length : 6.5 mm. ; wing 4 mm. Nervulus inserted distinctly beyond the basal (about the width of the vein), first cubital cell receiving both recurrents. Black ; transverse spot on either side of collar, tubercles, narrow apical line at apex of trochanters behind and spot on the middle of hind tibiae behind yellowish-white ; calcaria whitish ; mandibles piceous at apex; tegulae, tarsi, and margins of abdominal segments brownish, wings subhyaline, nervures yellowish except costa and stigma, blackish. Appressed silvery pubescence very conspicuous on clypeus and face, less so on cheeks, collar, mesopleura, sides of propodeum and base and apex of tergites (interrupted medially), continued along the sides of the abdomen. Middle tibiae with a few whitish spinules, sternitcs 2-5 with the usual erect whitish setae on the margins. Clypeus strongly carinate. the apical margin of the middle lobe thickened and shining, .subtruncate, a little rounded out ; eyes strongly convergent above ; carina extending from the clypeus over the front, not strong, connecting a little above the antennal sockets with an im- pressed line which deepens into a shining fovea on the middle of the front and is continued faintly to the anterior ocellus. Front rather strongly, coarsely and closely punctured, becoming striate in the de- pression in front of the large front ocellus, vertex longitudinally stri- ate between the ocelli, smooth and shining obliquely in front of the hind ocelli with a few fine punctures on the orbits there ; the head be- hind the ocelli and the occiput transversely striatopunctate ; ocelli in an equilateral triangle, the hind ocelli a little nearer the eye-margin than to each other and further than this from the occipital margin. Pronotum very short, a little notched in the middle, abruptly de- clivous in a plane in front l)Ut not carinate. Mesonotum closely, coarse- ly subconfluently punctured, the parapsidal and median lines indicated but not impressed ; mesopleura without an impressed pit, more dis- cretely punctured on its disk ; scutellum strongly discretely punctured more sparsely on the disk; metanotum very finely and closely punctured; propodeum with the basal area ill-defined, bare, opaque, with a few radiating wrinkles more distinct at base and an imperfect raised line, the general surface subreticulate, with smooth shallow punctures in the interspaces ; the basolateral areas with the surface concealed by pubes- cence ; sides of propodeum glabrous shining, obliquely striolate. posterior face transversely striate, the fovea rather shallow. Abdomen shining, the first tergite strongly finely rather deeply punc- tate, the others more finely and less distinctly so ; sternites similar. Closely related to 8. plenondoides; (Fox) Liit the middle tibiae have some spitinles, and the details of the head and pro- podeal scnlptnre seem different. Rohwer describes the pro- 403 notum of plenoculoides as carinate, which certainly does not apply to the present species. Described from a single female collected at Berkeley, Cal- ifornia, May 12, 1912 (Bridwell). Type in author's col- lection. Notes on the Bruchidae (Coleoptera) and their Parasites in the Hawaiian Islands, 3rd Paper. BY JOHIV COLBURN BRIDWELL. Bruchus prosopis Leconte. This species has been increasingly nunierons and destruc- tive in its attacks upon the seeds of Prosopis jidiflora. This condition led to the problem being taken up by the Union Feed Co. of Honolulu, M'ho made possible the continuance of investigation on the weevil injury to the algaroba beans. An economic report upon these injuries was submitted to Mr. F. W, Mcfarlane, the president of this company, on Decem- ber 24, 1919, and this is soon to be printed in a slightly altered form in the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Record. On Feb. 1, 1920, these investigation were taken up by the Bureau o{ Entomology of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, and these notes are designed to bring up my records regarding the Bruchids to that date. The attack by this species upon the young pods begins soon after they are set, when the seed is very small and the whole pod is only about one-eighth of an inch in thickness. The eggs are laid singly or in small nuisses of two or three, or perhaps more, cemented lightly to the pod. The puncture made by the hatching larva results in a copious exudation of gum which is at first clear but later becomes brownish. This seals the entrance hole and often i Viereck upon the Brurlius larvae usually take place. The destruction of the very young beans and the eating of the green beans in a later stage of their development constitute the greater part of the injury done b}^ this Bruchus. The adult weevils can, as has been previously recorded, ovi])osit in crevices in the ripe pod, very often in the holes fi-om which the weevils have emerged, and the larvae enter into the ripe seed and devour its contents. It seems probable that this reinfestation is likely to be more extensive when the pods are so damp as to give considerable fluidity to the syrupy contents of the pulp and to soften the seed coats. 405 While the observations have not been carried ont to en- able us to state with exactness the time required for the de- velopment of Bruchus prosopis in the green pods, the indi- cations are that the period is about four to six weeks fn»iii oviposition to the emergence of the adult upon the pod. In any case the emergence from the pod takes place soon after the ripe pod falls to the ground or even before, some even while the pod is still green. In any case all the injurv froui the initial attack is completed by the beginning of storage while much of the emergence is completed soon after. In contrast to this short period for development, the nerally (listi'ibuted in Honolulu and as far along the Kamehameha highway as (^astner. It has not yet been found u])on the windward side of Oahii. Besides Sainnncd scunan, this species has been found here bi-eeding naturally in the seeds of Pithecolobium diilce and Al- hizzia lebhel-. while it has been bred experimentally from the seeds of Acacia farneslana and from the pods of Prosopis jiiJi- flora. In the latter case the lu-eeding was secured only after re- peated experimrtit and then only a few adults emerged. It is interesting to note that most of the trees u])on which it has been found breeding in the open here are natives of its Lome country, or at least of the American continent. They 40' are all plants of con-sidcrable iin[)urtaiice in tro])ical aai'iciil- ture and forestry. Ft vs uncertain how long the species has l)i>en cstahlishcd in the islands bnt certainly its g-eneral spread over this ishuid has occurred since 1917, since the trees of Pithcvolohiiiiii under which extensive collections of seeds were made at that time without finding this weevil, have the fallen seeds in- fested now, Cushman has recorded this species (Jour. Econ. Ent. 4:498, 1911) as bred from an unknown leguminous cha])- paral at Brownsville, Texas, called '^tenaza" by the Mexicans, and from Siderocarpus flexicaulis. Amundsen reported this species from an imdertermined Mexican legume presumably growing at San Diego, California, called Guamuchile by the Mexicans. This i3lant, judging from his fignre of the pod and seed, is Pithccoloh'nim ungniscatae or some allied species. On Dec. 26, 191'.), this weevil was found at work on the fallen pods of Samanea smnan on the government road not far from Pearl City. Eggs had been laid in great numbers on tlie under side of the old pods as they lay on the ground and many others on the seeds as they had been exposed by tlie weathering of the pods. Those eggs so concealed had been l)ut little ]iarasitized liy Uscatia, though a few parasitized eggs were seen. Examination of the pods showed them to be in general without syrupy contents. Thej were also somewhat attacked by Pyroderces rdcyi, and one or two other moths, by A rac ce- rium fasicndahiK and one of the species of CarpophUu.'i. A well-grown ])od at maturity is about O-S inches long, not quite an inch wide and a half inch thick and contains 18-22 or more seeds, each in a separate chamber formed by the firm, rather woody layer of the pod, with layers of the two halves touching each other between the seeds. There is a cellular syru]>y layer between the inner layer and the firm cuticle. Each edge of the pod is thickened and the pods do not dehisce. The seeds are % in. (9 mm.) long, nearly 408 5/16 in. (7 mm.) wide and 9/32 (5.5- mm.) thick, shaped like a grain of corn as seen flat and thicker before the mid- dle. There is no apparent albumen and the seed ,coat is thickest at the edge. The emergence holes of the weevils are therefore generally found along the edge of the seed. From 69 seeds examined from a lot in which the weevils had been breeding for three generations 193 weevils had bred as follows : From 13 seeds containing 1 exit hole 13 " 20 '' '' 2 '' holes 40 " 20 " " 3 " '' 60 8 " "4 "' - 32 3 " "5 '' " 15 " 3 " " 6 " " 18 1 " " 7- " - 7 In the ^'Table of Hawaiian Bruchidae" (these Proceed- ings 3:466, 1918) this species would run to 8 and differs from Bruclius pruininus by the red markings of the elytra. Caryoborus gonagra (Fabricius). While the eggs of Bruclius prosopis are laid early enough ill the development of the algaroba pods that the ])rincipal damage is completed before the crop is harvested, this s])('- cies oviposits usually upon the ripe pods and the main feeding- is done in stored beans. UscAXA Semifumipexnis Laying ix Eg4, p. 302, 1902. Scelioencyrtas Girault, Mem. Queensland jMuseum, Vol 4, p. 161, 1915. Mirastymuchus Girault, Journ. X. Y. Entoui. Soc, vol. 23, p. 166, 1915. Before the descriptions of the four new species of Xaiith- oencyrtus published in Part I of this paper* had appeared in print, three more were discovered on Oahu and Maui mainly through the efforts of Mr. Bridwell. Tt is becoming evident, therefore, that probably only a small beginning has been made in elucidating our Hawaiian species, as there is no apparent reason why each island of the group should not be represented by one or more species. Fp to the present time they have found only on Laysan, Oahu and Maui, although the introduced species, fnllawayi, occurs on Hawaii. Our endemic species have been found chiefly if not entirely in the tussocks of Eragrostls variabilis, a coarse grass which grows in great profusion on the steep sides of the bar- ren foothills, and less luxuriantly in similar rocky places with- in the native forests, as well as in regions at lower elevatious that have much less rainfall. This grass is often infested with a species of mealybug, Tvionymus insidaris Ehrhorn, which serves as the host to these little parasites. Although apterns is the only species that has been actually reared, there seems to be no doubt that the others also parasitize this same mealybug Troc. Haw. Entom. Soc. vol. 4, Xo. r. pp. 201-206. July. 1919. 414 with the possible exception of laysanetisis and semiflavus, of whose habits we know the least at present. Not only do the different species have the same host but more remarkable still is the fact that two of these closely allied species have been found together, semiluteus and hridtrcUi thus ot-curring within a few rods of each other on the south wall of Palolo Valley. The effect of isolation, however, is shown in these species to a fine degree. The introduced species, fulluwayl, belongs to Xanthoen- cyrtus, sensu stricto, whereas apter-us and allies fall in the subgenus, Mirastymachus Girault, which differs chiefly in hav- ing three club joints instead of two. With only a few species of the tw^o gi'oups known outside of Hawaii (there being one European, two American and three Australian species de- scribed) the value of this character is not fully established, although it may be found necessary to recog-nize Mirasfymachiis as a good genus later. The main distinguishiug character, moreover, obtains only in the female sex. The following descriptions have been made comparative only, on account of the close similarity of the species to apterus, to the full description of which reference should be made*. The depression on the dorsal 'surface of the head be- tween the eyes noted in the previous paper proves to be due to shrinkage, as this space is slightly convex in living or fresh material. Since the head in each species shrinks a little differently from other species and somewhat uniformly this character may have some value, although it is by no means alisolute. Occasionally a specimen of large size will be found which remains unshrunken as is the case in the type of semiflavus and in one specimen of (ipfcnis from Kahihi, Oahu. The following s^aioptic tables to the endemic species have been prepared to show their relationship to each other and to facilitate their identification. *Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc. vol. 4, No. 415 FEMALES. Abdomen piceous or black 2 Abdomen orange-yellow or reddish. Head, thorax and abdomen reddish orange, the under side of thorax and the legs paler 3'ellow. antennae at base nearly concolorous with head but passing into piceous on the third or fourth funicle joint ; head and body opaquely alutaceous : the pubescence whit- ish and comparatively conspicuous sanguineus n. sp_ Head and thorax pale yellow, the abdomen reddish orange, legs pale yellowish white, antennae at base concolorous with head, the funicle dusky and passing into blackish on the club ; head and body very finely reticulate and somewhat shiny; the pubescence very fine and sparse and not easily seen scmihitcus n. sp. Head but slightly or not at all wider than long, the space between the eyes from antennal sockets to occipital margin about one-fifth longer than wide 3 Head distinctly wider than long, the space between the eyes only one-tenth longer than wide (appearing to the eye a little wider than long. Head and thorax ochraceous orange, antennae and legs concolorous, the club and abdomen piceous ; head and body smooth and shiny, without reticulations ; the pubescence dusky and rather sparse. semiflavus Timb. Legs entirely yellowish or ochraceous, the funicle piceous or black with the first joint only sometimes yellowish 4 Hind femora piceous, the funicle entirely ochraceous. Head, antennae except club, thorax and legs except hind femora ochraceous orange, club and abdomen piceous or black; head and body smooth and strongly shiny; the pubescence very sparse and not easily detected; head slightly broader than Xong.bridwcUi n. sp. Head circular in outline, the ocelli absent. Head, thorax, basal tergite of abdomen, legs, scape and pedicel och- raceous orange, the remainder of antennae and abdomen piceous or black ; head and body smooth, without reticulations and strongly shiny; pubescence sparse and inconspicuous laysancnsis Timli. Head slightly wider than long, and somewhat truncate at oral and occipital margins, the ocelli present. Head, thorax and more or less of basal tergite of abdomen och- raceous orange, the scape and pedicel concolorous, the under side of thorax and the legs a little paler, abdomen and flagellum piceous or blackish, the first funicle joint paler or even yel- lowish ; head and body smooth and very shiny, the mesoscutum and sometimes the head with fine reticulations; pubescence dark colored and rather sparse ai^tcnts Timb. 416 :NrAT-ES, 1. Abdomen piceous or lilack 4 Abdomen orange-yellow or reddish 2 2. Body more or less smooth and shiny with fine reticulations ; pubes- cence pale, sparse and not at all conspicuous 3 Head and body opaquely alutaceous; pubescence whitish and com- paratively prominent. Head and thorax flame scarlet, the abdomen slightly redder, the underparts of thorax and the legs paler and yellower, scape and pedicel concolorous with head, the funicle and club piceous; sixth funicle joint and base of club with a row of about eight or nine clavate hairs sanguineus n. sp. 3- Head finely shagreened and nearly opaque, thorax and abdomen smooth and moderately shiny, the mesoscutum very finely reticu- late, the basal tergite of abdomen somewhat more coarsely reticu- late; coloration nearly uniformly capucine yellow, the legs paler yellow, the funicle and club black ; sixth funicle joint and base of club with a row of about seven clavate hairs semilutcus n. sp. Head and thorax finely reticulate and shiny, the basal tergite of ab- domen somewhat more coarsely reticulate ; coloration about orange rufous to flame scarlet with the abdomen redder, the legs paler and more yellowish, with the funicle and club black; sixth funicle joint and base of club with a row of about six clavate hairs. aptcrus Timb. 4. Head and thorax finely, delicately reticulate ; ocelli distinct ; meso- notum perfectly flat to apex of scutellum ; head, thorax, legs, scape and pedicel about xanthine orange, the remainder of the antennae and the abdomen piceous or black; sixth funicle joint and base of cluli with a row of about eight clavate hairs. bridwelli n. sp. Head and thorax smooth and shiny, without reticulations ; ocelli very minute ; head, thorax, legs, scape and pedicel about capucine yel- low, the funicle and club piceous, the abdomen shining black ; sixth funicle joint and base of club with a row of about seven clavate hairs laysaneiisis Timb. Xanthoencyrtus sanguineus n sp. Fig. 9. Female : Tn comparison with apfrnis this species differs as follows : Head practically of the same sliape, the space between the eyes with about the same proportions and caving in after death very nearly the same, although the triangular raised area in the ocellar region is less prominent or even absent ; ocelli practically the same in size, the posterior pair a little closer together than the distance from either to the eye-margin. Antennae longer, the scape much narrower or not over a sixth as wide as long ; pedicel about the same, being distinctly 417 wider at apex than the following joint; the funicle joints all longer than thick, the first nearly twice as long as thick, the sixth about a third longer than thick ; club longer but keeping the same proportion to the preceding joints, and the relative proportion of its own joints to each other practically the same. Thorax nearly as in apterus, the poster- ior margin of pronotum gently or deeply, irregularly arcuate, the degree depending apparently on shrinkage, the mesoscutum consequently appearing either transverse or triangularly prolonged medially; scutel- lum not broadly rounded at apex but rather acute ; abdomen shorter or not much longer than the head and thorax combined when the former is stretched forward ; ovipositor distinctly although shortly pro- truded. Sculpture differing remarkably, the head, dorsal surface of the thorax and the abdomen being extremely finely reticulate and pro- ducing an opaquely alutaceous effect or not at all shiny as in aptcnis. The whitish pubescence is also much more abundant and conspicuous than in apterus and other Hawaiian species, although by no means so conspicuous as in species of Aphycus, Blasfoflirix or some species of Atiagyrus. Length: (0.78 to) 1.29 (with head stretched forward); width of vertex: 0.214; width of mesoscutum: 0.285 "im- Coloration nearly uniformly bittersweet orange (R. ), the under side of the thorax and the legs considerably paler and yellowish, the scape and pedicel nearly concolorous but a little browner, the basal two or three joints of funicle usually dusky yellowish or more rarely dilute piceous, the remainder of funicle and the club piceous or black. Male : Similar to the male of apterus but the scape is much narrow- er, the last funicle joint and base of club with a row of about eight or sometimes nine clavate hairs; thorax differing as in the female, the abdomen ovate and a little shorter than the thorax. Sculpture as in the female except that the apical half of the first tergite of the abdo- men and the intermediate tergites have close set, microscopic lineola- tions longitudinally arranged, thus producing an effect as if covered with extremely minute, glistening scales. Pubescence a little more prominent than in the female. Length: (0.50 to) 0.89; width of vertex: 0.216; width of meso- scutum : 0.299 "Tn- Coloration about flame scarlet (R.), or slightly darker, the abdomen a little redder, the lineolate area appearing golden yellow in most aspects, the underparts of the thorax and the legs a little paler and yellower ; scape and pedicel concolorous with the head, the funicle and the club piceous. Described from 20 females, 41 males (type, allotype and ])aratype8) collected on Eragrostis variabilis on the north wall of Tao Valley, Maui, about one-half mile from the Xeedle, Jidy 0, 1919 (Timberlake). 418 Figs. 3 and 4. Xantliocncyrtus aptcnis, female and malt Fig. 5, Xanthoencyrtus laysancnsis, female antenna. Fig. 6, Xanthoencyrtus semiflavus, female antenna. Fig. 7, Xanthoensyrtus bridweUi, female antenna. Fig. 8, Xanthoencyrtus semilutens, female antenna. Fig. g^ Xanthoencyrtus sanguineus, female antenna. Fig. 10, Xanthoencyrtus fnlhnvayi. female antenna. 419 Xanthoencyrtus semiluteus n. sp. Fig. 8. Female: From apterus differing structurally as follows: Head nearly of the same shape but the eyes considerably smaller so that the space between them from the antennal sockets to the occipital margin is only one-tenth longer than wide (by micrometer measurement), ap- pearing to the eye a little wider than long, and therefore practically as in semiflavus although the space is sunken in after death as in apterus; ocelli rather more minute, although more prominent by their contrast in coloration with background, the posterior pair considerably more remote from the eye-margins than their distance apart; antennae nearly as in sanguineus^ Thorax nearly as in apterus, the posterior margin of pronotum more gently arcuate, the mesoscutum more trans- verse and somewhat over twice as wide as its median length, the scu- tellum broadly rounded at apex. Abdomen conspicuously large, over twice as long as head and thorax combined or rather larger and longer than in apterus, the ovipositor shortly protruded. Head, thoracic notum and basal tergite of abdomen very minutely reticulate, the sur- face considerably more shiny than in sanguineus but much less so than in apterus. Pubescence very tine and sparse on head and thorax and not easily detected. Length: 1.17 (with head nearly vertical); width of vertex: 0.216; width of mesoscutum : 0.278 mm. Head and base of antennae buff yellow (R.), the antennae gradu- ally shading into piceous beginning at the middle of the funicle ; thorax maize yellow (R.). the underparts paler, the mesopleura especially being yellowish white ; legs nearly maize yellow but paler at base ; abdomen about salmon orange (R.). Male : Structuraly much like the male of apterus but the eyes are a little smaller, with the space between wider, the posterior pair of ocelli a little more remote from the eye-margin than their distance apart ; scape of antennae narrower, the sixth funicle joint with a row of about five clavate hairs and the base of the club with two or three more ; thorax differing as in the female ; abdomen ovate, as long as the thorax. Head very finely shagreened and opaque, the thorax sculptured as in the female, the basal tergite of abdomen more coarsely reticulate than in the female, although somewhat more finely than in apterus: thorax and abdomen both much less shiny. Pubescence much more abundant than in the female, but not contrasting in color with the ''bod}% and rather more abundant than in the male of apterus. although "less easily seen. Length: (0.68 to) 0.865; width of vertex: 0.214; width of mesoscu- tum : 0.285 mm. Coloration nearly uniformly capucine yellow (R. ). tlie scape and pedicel about concolorous, the funicle and clul) black, the legs paler •or about light orange yellow (R.) ; in two of the paratypes the color- :ation is much redder but apparently due to discoloration. 420 Described from 1 female. 3 males (type, allotype and paratypes) collected on Eragrostis variabilis on the south wall of Palolo Valley, Oaht., May 30, 1919 (J. C. Bridwell ) and 1 male (paratype) on the same gi"ass on the side of the south- ernmost I'idg-e of the Koolau Range, Oahn, ]^ov. 16, 1919 (Bridwoin/ Xanthoencyrtus bridwelli n. sp. Fig. 7. Female : Head slightly wider tlian in aptcrus in proportion to the length, the space between the eyes a little wider, the ocelli more minute and indistinct, the space separating the posterior pair from the eye- margins distinctly greater than their distance apart ; the space between the eyes caved in after death much as in apterus but the triangular raised area in the upper part much less prominent and forming anter- iorly a right angle instead of an acute angle. Antennae a little stouter, the scape a trifle wider, the funicle stouter so that the pedicel at apex is hardly thicker than the following joint, the first funicle joint some- what longer and the sixth somewhat wider, the latter being a little wider than long. Thorax practically as in apterus, the abdomen appar- ently somewhat smaller, the ovipositor slightly protruded. Head, thorax and abdomen very smooth and shiny, with no reticulations apparent in any part. Pubescence very sparse and not easily detected. Length: (0.79 to) 1.32 (with head stretched forward); widtli of vertex : 0.235 ; width of mesoscutum : 0.273 mm. Head and thorax ochraceous orange (R.), the scape and pedicel concolorous, the funicle ochraceous bufif (R.), the club piceous and often paler or yellowish at base ; legs slightly paler than the body, the hind coxae and femore except at apex and sometimes the middle coxae more or less piceous; abdomen shining black. Male : Much like the male of apterus but the head is wider with the space between the eyes much broader, the ocelli more minute and closer together so that the distance from either of the posterior pair to the ej'e-margin is considerably greater than their distance apart ; scape practically the same, the sixth funicle joint and base of club with a row of about eight clavate hairs arranged five and three on each re- spectively ; thorax similar, the scutellum flat from base to apex ; abdomen triangularly to broadly ovate, depending much on manner of drying after death, as long or a little longer than thorax. Head and notum of thorax extremely finely and delicately reticulate, appearing smooth and shiny ; basal tergite of abdomen much more distinctly and coarsely reticulate than on the head or thorax, and slightly more finely and more uniformly as to size than in apterus. Pubescence very sparse and fine. Length: (0.55 to) 0.88; width of vertex: 0.216; width of meso- scutum : 0.254 "■"■'I- 421 Coloration of head, thorax, scape and pedicel about xanthine orange (R.), the legs concolorous with the front coxae and all the tarsi paler; flagellum of the antennae and the alidonicn piceous or lilack. Described from 15 females, 12 males (type, alloty])e and paratypes) collected on Eragrostis variahUis on the soutli wall of Palolo Valley, Oalui, May 30, 1919 (J. C. ]^>ridwell), and 1 female, 1 male (paratypes) on the same grass at Koko Head, Oahn, 25 ft. elevation. Dee. 15, 1918 (Giffard and Muir). Xanthoencyrtus apterus Timb. Figs. 3, 4. Xanthoencyrtus aptoiis Timherlake. I'l-oc. Haw. Entom. Soc, vol. 4, p. 201, Jnly, 1919. The following additional material of this species has Ix'cn collected : 23 females, 46 males >n Eragrostis varkihiUs, ridge west of Kalihi Valley (ahont 1000 ft.), Oahn, Jnne 15, 1919 (Bridwell and Timberlake), nearly one-half of the specimens having been reared from the mealybng, Trionymus iiisularls Ehrhorn, Jnne 17-30, one to three issning from a host ; and 4 females, 11 males on Eragrostis variabilis, Manoa Ridge, Oahn, Jnne 1, 1919 (J. C. Bridwell). The Kalihi specimens are nearly identical with the types from Nuuanu Pali, but the coloration of the females is somewhat paler and without the trace of tawny which may have been due to discoloration in the types. In both series the color is more ochraceous orange (R.) than yellow ocher. The first funicle joint varies considerably in the amount of yellowish coloration and in one female is entirely black ; the base of the abdomen is likewise variable, some specimens having the first tergite entirely pale but in one female it is entirely black. In the males the coloration is about orange rufous to flame scarlet CR.). The Manoa specimens are distinguished by a fine reticulation on the head of the female and by a considerably greater number of dark- colored, minute, bristle-like hairs on the mesoscutum, but the coloration is practically as in the Kalihi specimens. In the original description, p. 202, line 4, the following correction should he made, for "the latter" read "occipital margin." The ovipositor in this and probably in all the Hawaiian species is hidden in repose, but in most mounted specimens the abdomen is more os less distorted, somewhat in the manner assumed during oviposition so that the ovi- positor and sheaths are shortly protruded. The latter are flat and laminate, broader at base and tapering to a blunt point. The abdomen of the male usually remains oval-shaped after drying or not flattening out wider than the thorax and becoming rotund as in the allotype specimen. 422 MIRINI. Coelopencyrtus orbi n. sp. Figs. 11-13. Female: Similar to Coelopencyrtus odynrri Imt the head is distinct- ly wider than long, instead of nearly as long as wide, the face and cheeks shorter, the oral margin of face hardly produced medially ; fronto- vertex wider or about twice as long as wide, slightly widening behind the ocelli but hardly at all anteriorly, the ocelli in an equilateral tri- angle, the posterior pair not more than their own diameter from the occipital margin. Antennae a little shorter and stouter, the pubescence more prominent and bristle-like, the scape distinctly wider, the funicle joints more transverse but keeping practically the same relative propor- tion to each other. Sculpture of the same type, although somewhat coars- er, especially on the frontovertex and scutellum, the pin-punctures of the frontovertex more prominent. Pubescence much sparser, the eyes bare, the mcsonotal bristles not more than one half as numerous, there being about sixteen along the anterior margin of the mesoscutum and ten along the posterior margin. Length: (i.oo to) 1.38; width of .vertex at ocelli: 0.164; width of mesoscutum: 0.473; length of fore-wing: 1.13; width of fore-wing: 0.490 mm. Coloration much as in odyiicri but the mesoscutum does not have the brassy reflections, the scutellum is more metallic with a dark purplish luster, more greenish toward the sides ; legs almost entirely black. Imt the middle tibial spur is yellowish and the tarsi are more or less yellowish or yellowish brown beneath and varying from brown to fuscous above but always blackish at apex of the last joint. Wings more deeply stained, being darker on the basal half and with a dis- tinct fuscous streak at the base along the posterior margin. Male: Head with tlie same remarkable structure as in odyncri but thinner fronto-occipitally, being only twice as thick above as at the oral margin, and as seen from in front it is no longer than wide and more nearly circular ; frontovertex no longer than wide, the frons less protuberant and projecting less in front of the eyes; ocelli in a right- angled triangle, the anterior ocellus just reaching to a line drawn across the anterior margin of the eyes, the posterior pair hardly more than their own diameter from the occipital margin. Scape (Figs. 12, 13) as wide as in odyneri but more nearly like swc::;cyi in shape, the upper mar- gin being curved arcuately inward, the lower margin evenly and strongly convex; pedicel with a large conical projection at base on the upper side, otherwise about a third longer again than thick ; first funicle joint as wide as long, narrowed somewhat towards the base but not remarkably modified as in odyncri or swe:::cyi, following funicle joints all transverse, about equally long and increasing slightly in width distad ; club as long as the last three funicle joints combined, considerably wider than the funicle and not strongly inclined as in odyneri. 423 JJ IZ n 14 15 16 n Fig. II, Corlopciicyrtiis orbi, female antenna. Figs. 12 and 13, Coclopciicyrttts orbi, two aspects of male antenna. Figs. 14 and 15, Coclopeiicyrtiis swc::cyi, two a.spects of male antenna. Figs. 16 and tj, Coclof^cncyrtits odyncri, two aspects of male antenna. 424 Lower part of face above antennae with a median carina which widens out above and dissipates a little above the level of the lower corners of the eyes, the subquadrate, shallow, scrobal depression on either side of this carina, limited outwardly at the corners by the an- tenna] socket and margin of the eye, with a smooth and shining sur- face, and shows no trace of the dense shagreening present in odyncri or siK-'czcyi except to a comparatively very slight extent around its outer and upper margin; upper part of the face above the scrobes much more shagreened than in odyneri and less shiny, the surface being dis- tinctly and finely reticulate, and with numerous minute setiferous punc- tures practically as in odyneri, although less prominent ; frontovertex more distinctly shagreened, with the lines arranged fingerprint-like be- tween and behind the ocelli ; the setiferous punctures somewhat more prominent and mostly confined to the frons ; sculpture otherwise as in the female. The suberect pubescence on the frontovertex and upper part of face somewhat thinner than in odyneri, the tuft of fine pubescence on the pedicel confined to the conical projection, the funicle joints with coarser hair; eyes with very sparse, short, erect hairs; pubescence on other parts of the body differing from odyneri as described for the female. Length: (1.08 to) 1.23; width of vertex at posterior ocelli: 0.216: width of mesoscutum : 0.443 length of fore-wing: 1.03: width of fore- wing : 0.483 mm. Coloration as in the female except that the antennae are slightly more brownish. Described from 213 females, 9 males (type, allotype and paratypes) reared from two larvae of Odipienis orhns Per- kins, Kipiika Piiaulu, Kilanea, Hawaii. Xov. 21 and Xov. 28-29, 1919 (F. X. Williams), and 2 females (paratypes) fonnd alive in a sealed cell of this Odyiienix at the same local- ity, X^ov. 1, 1919 (Williams). From the tirst larva there issued 2 5 5, 124 9 9 , and from the second (i 5 <5 , 104 9 9, this brood being incomplete as abont 35 pupae wc-rc killed by Acari. Xesmatia n. g. Closely related to Oocncyrtus Ashmcad and differs in the female sex as follows: Head of the same shape and structure, although slightly thinner fronto-occipitally, antennae similar but the club somewhat larger ; mandibles differing considerably in having three teeth, none very acute, the middle one much the largest, the upper and lower teeth both rather obscure, giving the appearance of a broad apex with a single median 425 tooth (in Oocncyrtus the mandible has an acute ventral tooth and a broadly truncate inner one) ; palpi practically the same, the maxillary pair with four short, nearly equal joints, the labial pair with two sub- equal, short joints. Thorax similar, the axillae well separated at their tips as in Ooen- cyrttis: the scutellum a little larger and broader with the apex more rounded. Wings nearly the same, the marginal vein punctiform, the stigmal somewhat shorter than in Oocncyrtus and triangularly enlarged from base to apex with a short spur at apex projecting towards the costal margin ; discal and marginal ciliation similar, the speculum however, greatly widening below. Legs similar, the middle tarsi slenderer and less strongly tapering towards the apex ; the middle tibial spur slen- der and as long as the first tarsal joint. Abdomen considerably smaller, after drying no longer than half the thorax and as wide, being much broader than long and well rounded at apex; the dorsum beyond the first tergite caving in after death in a peculiar manner, the venter, however, not compressed but broadly rounded from side to side in the form of nearly a semicircle near the base of abdomen ; vibrissal plates situated on either side of the dorsum about half way between the base and apex and withdrawn within the dorsal concavity, the vibrissae consequently difficult to trace but reaching to the apex. In sculpture differing appreciably, the surface of all parts of the head and body much smoother and shinier, for although fine, delicate' reticulations occur on the head and mesoscutum, they do not produce a shagreened appearance as in Oocncyrtus, the scutellum, moreover, en- tirely smooth and polished ; pubescence of the same character as in Oocncyrtus. Genotype : Xcsniafia flavi/^cs n. sp. Xesmatia flavipes n. sp. Figs. 18, 19. Female : Head moderately thin fronto-occipitally, somewhat broader than long, being thickest and widest across the middle of the eyes, the dorsal surface well rounded from side to side ; frontovertex occupying about one-third of the width of the head in dorsal view, about a third longer again than wide and becoming somewhat wider behind the ocelli ; the latter in a right-angled triangle, the posterior pair somewhat less than one-half their own diameter from the eye-margins and about twice as far removed from the occipital margin ; eyes very broadly oval or but little longer than wide, the inferio-posterior margin much less curved than the inner margins ; cheeks somewhat shorter than the width of the eyes and rather strongly curved in towards the mouth as seen from in front ; face nearly as wide as long, the scrobes in the form of a moderately deep, broadly ovate depression covering its larger part, reaching upward between the eyes to the anterior limit of the frons, and divided by a rather wide longitudinal ridge which runs about two- thirds of the length of the depression from the antennal sockets up- 426 ward. Antennae inserted rather close to the oral margin and well separated by the facial ridge, the distance between the sockets being- about one-fourth less than the width of the frons ; scape compressed linear, slightly widened at the middle and excluding the radicle about four times longer than wide: pedicel thicker at apex than the basal funicle joints and nearly as long as the first three of these combined; funicle increasing gradually in width distad, the first four joints subequal in size, the first being slightly longer than thick, the fourth slightly thicker than long, last two funicle joints larger and sub- quadrate; club large, oval, practically as long as the entire funicle and twice as wide as the preceding joint, its first joint distinctly longer than either of the following two. Thorax strongly convex above, yet somewhat wider tlian its depth; pronotum strongly arcuate, the visible part very short; mesoscutum more than twice as wide as long, its basal margin slightly produced Figs. i8 and ig, Xrsiiiatia fUn'if^cs. female antenna and niandil)k'. medially in a broad curve between the tips of the axillae ; the latter rather small, distinctly separated medially and about twice as wide as long; scutellum large, strongly convex throughout, the apex well rounded, the lateral margins but little elevated and hardly declivous; propodeum very short medially, but triangularly enlarging at the sides, the meta- pleura small. Wings reaching far beyond the apex of abdomen and about normal in width ; the disk finely, clo.sely ciliated, the area below the submarginal vein with coarser, longer cilia arranged in about five oblique, transverse rows and with a sixth row parallel and close to the vein ; marginal vein falling somewhat short of the middle of the disk ; speculum not quite reaching to the stigmal vein, greatly and triangularly widening below, and above on the distal side where it becomes suddenly narrowed with parallel sides it is guarded l)y a row of five cilia, which are hardly longer than others of the disk but much thickened at base; submarginal vein set with about twelve moderately long, slender bristles. Cheeks and mesopleura with microscopic reticulations faintly im- 427 pressed; prepectal plates and sides of the scrobal impression of the face more evidently and somewhat more coarsely reticulate; mesoscutmn and base of the scutellum more faintly and minutely reticulate; facial ridge and most of the scutellum almost perfectly smooth and highly polished; frontovertex smoothish and with a few scattered minute pin- punctures ; abdomen smooth and shiny, apparently without reticulations ; the reticulations of all parts of the body are so faint that the general effect is of a smooth and polished surface except possibly on the sides of the scrobal impression and on the prepectal plates. Pubescence consisting of fine, brownish colored hairs of moderate length, rather sparse on the cheeks and frontovertex and moderately abundant on the mesoscutum ; scutellum with only about a dozen such hairs on the basal half and two longer, more bristle-like hairs at apex; abdomen sparsely pubescent along the lateral and apical margins; pile of the eyes rather sparse and short ; antennae with the usual vestiture of bristle-like hairs, most abundant on the pedicel and funicle, the club with considerably shorter, more erect hairs, which are abundant even to the apex. Length: (0.74 to) 0.75; width of vertex at posterior ocelli: 0.143; width of mesoscutum : 0.398 ; length of fore-wing : 0.938 : widtli of fore-wing: 0.431 mm. General coloration metallic bluish black, the cheeks with a green- ish luster, the frontovertex with a comparatively dull, bluish luster; mesoscutum with a strong blue and scutellum with a refulgent bluish green luster; pleura nearly pure black; luster of abdomen slightly green- ish and partly iridescent especially on the basal tergite. Scape yellow ocher (R.), the flagellum yellowish brown, the upper side of pedicel and the club darker brown (the rest of the pedicel and the funicle when mounted in balsam appearing nearly as yellowish as the scape). Front legs nearly fuscous, yellowish only at the knees and apex of the tibia, the tarsi brown; middle and hind legs mostly yellow ocher (R.). but somewhat brownish along the upper margin of the femora and near the base of the tibiae on the upper side, the last joint of the tarsi brown. Wings hyaline, faintly tinged with brownish around the stigmal vein and along the posterior margin at the base ; the veins brownish yellow'. Male : Not known. Described from one female (type) collected on or near the rim of Palolo Crater, Oaliu, Dec. 20, 1918 (J. C. Bridwell) and one female (paratope) collected at the head of Waianae Valley, Oahn, abont 2400 ft. elevation, Jmie 1, 1919 (Tim- ])orlake). Thi.s species may possibly be endemic, bnt we can have no positive evidence on this point nntil the species is reared. 428 On account of its small size and close relationship to Ooencyr- ti(s it may prove to be an egg-parasite. Plagiomerus hospes n. sp. Figs. 20, 21. Female: Head considerably wider than long, the face abruptly inflexed from the horizontal frons, moderately thick r'.bove but becom- ing much thinner toward the mouth ; occiput but slightly concave, the margin above rather acute; dorsal surface of head strongly convex; eyes mostly dorsal but the anterior margin reflexed on to the plane of the face rather more widely than in Plagiomerus diaspidis Crawford*, also larger than in that species, and in the form of a nearly equilateral triangle with the inner margins straighter and parallel; frontovertex comparatively narrow, apparently somewhat over twice as long as wide, the ocelli in a right-angled triangle with the posterior pair practically touching the eye-margins and rather remote from the occipital margin; cheeks about equal to the length of the eyes and arcuately converging towards the mouth ; face broad, the scrobes in the form of a triangular, rather deep depression, reaching upward between the eyes to the anterior margin of the frons, separated on either side from the eye-margins by a convex rather wide space and divided on the lower three-fourths of its length by a rounded, triangularly shaped ridge liroadest between Figs. 20 and 2i, Ploiiioiiicnis liospcs. female antenna and mandible. and somewhat below the antennal sockets. Antennae inserted slightly less than half way from the oral margin to a line connecting the lower corners of the eyes, the sockets widely separated by the facial ridge, their distance apart a little less than the distance from either to the nearest point of the corresponding eye; scape rather long and reaching slightly beyond the plane of the frons, compressed but linear, the lower margin somewhat convex ; pedicel a little wider at apex than the following *The head in all available specimens is much sin-unken so that this •difference may be illusory. 429 joint, and somewhat longer than the first two funicle joints combined ; funicle moderately increasing in thickness distad, the first joint about as wide as long, the second shorter and transverse, the last two much larger, the third being as wide as long and the fourth slightly trans- verse ; club large, elongate oval and pointed at apex, considerably wider than the funicle and almost as long as the pedicel and funicle combined, its first joint the longest and the apical one a little the shortest. Mandibles with a short sharp spine on the ventral margin, the apical margin not greatly narrower than the base, with an acute ventral tooth rather deeply divided from the remaining edge, which is obliquely inclin- ed and divided into three short rather acute teeth. Palpi short and trans- parent white; the maxillary pair four-jointed, with the apical joint considerably the longest, the middle joints subequal and about as long as wide, the basal joint about two-thirds as long as the apical; labial pair short, wide at the middle and tapering to either end, the basal joint slightly longer than the second. Thorax strongly depressed and not very deep, about a fourth longer than wide ; pronotum strongly arcuate ; mesoscutum nearly twice as wide as long, its posterior margin slightly angulate at the middle ; axillae fully twice as wide as long, being narrowly transverse and meeting at their tips ; scutellum a little wider across the base than its length, the apex forming an angle of about 90 degrees, the disk flat, not much elevated and sloping downward around the apical margin; propodeum very short medially, triangularly enlarging towards the sides, the metapleura small. Abdomen depressed with the dorsum slightly sunken in after death, the outline as seen from above subtriangular with the basal corners and apex rounded, the length and width about equal to the thorax; fifth ventrite reaching only to the middle of tlie venter leaving the ovipositor free beyond this point, the sheaths shortly protruded, slender, terete and abruptly tapering at apex. Legs of normal structure, the middle tibial spur very slender and tapering, almost as long as the first tarsal joint which is equal to the following four joints combined. Wings reaching far beyond the apex of abdomen and moderately narrow ; disk moderately densely ciliated but. more sparsely and coarsely in the angle between the speculum and submarginal vein, much of the rest of the basal area with finer and transparent cilia, the extreme base bare; speculum narrow, reaching practically to the posterior margin and separated from the hairless streak along the margin by only one row of transparent cilia, much narrowed above and falling considerably short of the venation ; apex of venation not quite reaching to the middle of the wing, the sub- marginal vein somewhat enlarged before its apex although not so dis- tinctly as in diaspidis, the marginal vein about five times as long as thick and considerably longer than in diaspidis. the postmarginal and stigmal veins about equal, each nearly a third as long as the marginal, the stigmal triangular, narrow at the base and enlarged at apex. Face finely reticulate, more delicately and a little more finely on the 430 median ridge and changing to very closely lineolate on each side ex- terior to the antennal sockets and on the cheeks; vertex much more finely but more rugosely reticulate, gradually becoming almost smooth on the frons, an orbital row of very fine, shallow pin-punctures on each side of the frontovertex, and a few scattered over the frons; meso- scutum distinctly reticulate with the lines running transversely; axillae transversely lineolato-reticulate ; scutellum with crowded, microscopic thimble-like punctures appearing granular at lower magnifications and opaque in most aspects, the obliquely sloping latero -apical margin smooth and highly polished ; metanotum and propodeum smooth, the metapleura highly polished; mesopleura finely reticulate with the lines running mostly lengthwise ; abdomen smooth and shiny, the apical ter- gite, however, rather rugosely reticulate except on the sides. (Diaslyidis has a smoother face with the reticulations indistinct except on the facial ridge, and the thimble-like punctures of scutellum appear to be slightly coarser). Eyes with very sparse and extremely short pile ; pubescence on other parts of head also short and sparse, yellowish white in color and con- fined to the frontovertex and lower part of the face ; that on the thorax blackish and rather sparse and short on the mesoscutum, much longer on the scutellum and more bristle-like especially towards the apex, the four scale-like bristles at the apex very narrow and all nearly equal in length (in diaspidis these bristles are comparatively wide with the anterior pair much the shorter) ; pubescence on the basal corners of the propodeum, the sides of the abdomen and on the protruded part of the ovipositor sparse, fine and pale-colored. Length: (0.80 to) 1.03; width of vertex at the anterior ocellus: o.ioi ; width of mesoscutum: 0.433; length of fore-wing: 1.03; width of fore- wing: 0.436; length of protruded part of ovipositor: 0.113 mm. General color metallic bluish black, the luster of head bluish, be- coming purplish on the sides of the face and greenish on the facial ridge ; luster of thorax mostly bluish or bluish-green and slightly purplish in part, the scutellum usually appearing dull black, its apex, however, the lateral margins as well as the metapleura brilliant metallic green and brassy ; abdomen brilliant metallic green on the first tcrgite and lateral margins near apex, the remainder with various metallic reflections but usually dark purplish and bronzy. Basal half of the scape, pedicel except at apex, first two funcle joints and club black ; the rest of scape, apical third of pedicel and last two funicle joints yellow. Legs mostly yellowish white with the front and hind coxae and femora except at base black, the middle femora with a narrow black ring just before tlic apex and rather indistinct on the under side; front tibiae with a black ring reaching about to the middle, the base nar- rowly white ; a similar ring on the middle tibiae only slightly wider than the preceding white liase and falling considerably short of the middle; hind tibiae with a broad black ring rcacliing a little beyond the middle and leaving the liasc narrowly white: llie tarsi slightly more yellowish 4'U beneath, and the tip of the last joint bhickish. Wings hyaline, the veins yellowish l)ut the stigmal and the submarginal except at base and apex are much more transparent than the rest of the venation. Male : Not known. Described from four females (t^^pe and pai'atypcs) col- lected at Niiuanu Pali, Oalitt, Oct. 19, 1919 (W. M. Gif- fard). This species is very similar to Plaglomerus diaspidis Crawford but can be distinguished by the nearly bare eyes, the narrower wings and frontovertex and by the slender lamelliform bristles on the scntellum. The coloration i.^ sim- ilar but the black band on the middle femora is much nar- rower. The host of hospes is nnkno\ni but judging from the habits of other members of the genus it should prove to be a Diaspine scale. The species is no doubt immigrant and ]iresnmably came from some part of America as the genus has not been recognized hitherto outside of Xorth America. As no males of Plariiomerus have been discovered it is becoming apparent that the species are thelyotokous and maleless under ordinary cir- cumstances. Anabrolepis n. g. Female : Head as seen from the side distinctly triangular and as seen from above almost perfectly semicircular in outline: the dorsal surface much flattened especially in the longitudinal axis, its plane forming an acute angle with the strongly obliquely inclined ventro- anterior surface although the angulation is somewhat rounded off; eyes and frons not entirely dorsal but continued distinctly beyond the angulation on to the ventro-anterior surface ; anterior orbits of the eyes with a distinct but narrow furrow continuous across the face between the eyes, thus marking the anterior boundary of the frons and lined throughout with silvery white, short and recumbent hairs. Antennae rather short and stout, the scape compressed and a little wid- ened towards the apex, the pedicel rather short and thick, the funicle six-jointed with the joints mostly transverse, the club slightly longer than the funicle. Thorax depressed, the mesoscutum being very flat ; scutellum a little wider than long, at apex nearly rectangular and without any bristles. Abdomen triangular as seen from above, a little narrower than the thorax and about as long, the ovipositor shortly protruded. Wings nar- 432 row. marked with a longitudinal fuscous band and several rays along the margin alternating with hyaline spots; marginal vein stout and about four times as long as thick although much obscured by numerous strong bristles, the stigmal vein about one-half as long, the postmarginal short and spur-like. Male : Not known. Genotype: Anabrolcpis c.vtraiica n. sp. This genus is closely allied to Jlabiolepls Forster and Adelencyrtus Ashmead, but is distinguished from the former by the absence of lamelliform bristles on either the vertico- occipital margin or apex of the scntellnm and by the different wing pattern, and from Adelencyrtus by the flattened dorsal surface of the head, which is more acutely angled with the anterior surface, and by the fuscous rays on the wings. The European species, Encyrtus zetterstedtii , hithei'to placed in Habrolepis no doubt belongs here and may be known as Ana- hrolepis zetterstedtii (Westwood). The following analysis of the described II ah role pis-like genera while not entirely satisfactory, because" prepared in part from descriptions only, may help the student to distinguish these interesting forms. It is rather significant that of the seven genera three are represented in Hawaii by an immigrant species. This relatively high proportion is probably due to the fact that the species are parasitic in common and fre- quently transported scale-insects, and secondly that thelyoto- kous reproduction is apparently the rule in the group and thus their establishment in a new locality is made compara- tively easy. Characters common to tlu- i^roup of IIabroIcf>is-Vike genera : Head triangular in side view witli the face strongly reflexed. the planes of the face and frons meeting in a more or less acute angle; antennae simple and usually moderately clavatc. the funicle with four or six joints; mandibles much flattened or not curved inward at apex, the ventral margin with a strong preapical spine, the apex not greatly narrower than the base, and armed with an acute ventral tooth and an obliquely inclined inner margin variously subdivided into two to four additional teeth ; the vertico-occipital margin ornamented in three genera with A pair of lamelliform bristles, the scutellum in four genera with one or two pairs of similar liut' usurdly wider liristles. 433 Females.* 1. Funicle six-jointed 4 Funicle four-jointed. Scutellum with one or two pairs of lamelliform bristles at apex_-_2 Apical bristles of scutellum not modified. Marginal vein thrice as long as wide, the stigmal and portmargin- al subequal and about two-thirds as long as the marginal; mandi- bles with small, subacute teeth ; wings hyaline with a fuscous area beneath the apex of venation Parahomalopoda Girault 2. Dorsal surface of the head flattened or only slightly convex from side to side; the vertico-occipital margin with a pair of slender lamelliform bristles, the apex of scutellum with one pair of wider bristles; wings with fuscous rays from a median longitudinal band 3 Dorsal surface of head convex with the eyes almost wholly dorsal; the face inflexed but meeting the plane of the frons in a broad curve, the scrobal impression triangular limited above by a semicircular rounded ridge just in front of the eyes ; vertico-occipital margin rather acute and with a pair of simple bristles, the scutellum with two pairs of lamelliform bristles; wings hysXm^. .Plagiomerus Crawford 3. Antennae slender, the scape not expanded beneath, the funicle joints longer than thick Homalopoda Howard Antennae short and stout, the scape dilated towards the apex, the funicle joints much wider than long and subcompressed. Pscudhomalopoda Girault 4. Scutellum without specialized bristles at apex 5 Scutellum with a pair of broad lamelliform bristles at apex. Face very strongly reflexed, vertico-occipital margin with a pair of lamelliform bristles ; antennae slender or but weakly clavate ; wings fuscous with a pair of hyaline spots beyond the venation and a subapical, hyaline cross-band Habrolcpis Foerster 5. Dorsal surface of the head flat or only slightly rounded from side to side, and semicircular in outline, the anterior surface sharply reflexed although the angulation is somewhat rounded off; eyes and frons not entirely dorsal but distinctly reflexed on to the anterior surface; anterior orbits of the eyes with a silvery pubescent, nar- row furrow continuous across the face ; wings with fuscous rays from a median longitudinal band Anahrolcpis n. g. *The male has been described only for genus Habrolcpis. It has two short ring-like funicle joints and an elongate cylindrical club. 434 Dorsal surface of the head strongly convex and broadly cresentic in outline, the anterior surface less sharply reflexed and th'e angu- lation strongly rounded off in a broad curve; anterior orbits of the eyes not furrowed and without a silvery pubescent line; wings hyaline or faintly fuscous with two triangular hyaline areas form- ing a cross-band just beyond the venation-. Adclcncyi'fiis Ashmead Anabrolepis extranea n. sp. Figs. 22, 23. Female: In side view of the head the facial side of the triangular outline is the longest, the dorsal and occipital sides nearly equal and form- ing a right angle; in frontal view the head is much wider than long, the outline of the eyes and frons forming a semicircle; occiput wider than long, not much concave, the neck inserted above the center; eyes triangular, the inner side slightly longer than the posterior, the anterior side still longer and on the ventro-anterior surface of head; fronto- vertex considerably widening posteriorly and nearly twice as long as the Figs. 22 and 23, Anabrolepis cxtniiica, female antenna and mandible. posterior width when the anterior, reflexed part of frons is counted in, the occipital margin rather acute and without bristles ; ocelli arranged in a small equilateral triangle placed in the middle of the dorsal part of the frontovertex, the anterior ocellus considerably in front of the mid- dle, the posterior pair a little behind the middle, about one-half their own diameter from the eye-margin and very remote from the occipital margin; cheeks as long as the posterior margin of the eyes and arcu- ately converging towards the moderately wide mouth ; face wider than long, flattened and impressed with a median scrobal depression, divided by a short median rounded ridge and bounded above by a rather broad convex space which forms a broad curve or semicircle between the depression and the eyes, the grooved pubescent line at the orbits also in the form of a semicircle, the oral margin with a broad, deep median sinus. Antennae inserted rather far apart, the space between the sockets equaling the width of the frons, and rather far above the oral margin or just below a line drawn between the lower corners of 435 the eyes, with upper ends of the sockets ahnost touching this line ; scape subcompressed, wider towards the apex or clavate in outline as seen from the side, and rather short or barely reaching to the plane of the f rontovertex ; pedicel about one-half longer than thick, much thicker at the apex than the following joint and a little longer than the first three funicle joints combined ; flagellum short, distinctly but not greatly clavate; first four funicle joints all short, transverse and about equal in length, the last two funicle joints twice as long as the preceding joints, the fifth about as long as its apical width, the sixth a little wider than long; club narrowly ovate, rounded at apex, consid- erably wider and a little longer than the funicle, its basal joint some- what the longest. Mandibles with a sharp spine on the ventral margin, the apex broad, with two strong acute, ventral teeth and a broad inner truncate margin. Maxillary palpi slender, moderately long, the basal joint a little longer than the second or third which are about equal, the fourth joint as long as the first two combined; labial palpi short and stout, the apical joint slightly longer than the basal and rounded at apex. Thorax depressed, its depth hardly greater than one half the width. and about one half longer again than wide ; pronotum deeply arcuate and narrow ; mesoscutum very flat, about one half wider again than long, its posterior margin slightly angulate at the middle ; axillae short, considerably over twice as wide as long, and meeting at their tips ; scutellum a little wider than long, about rectangular at apex, the disk nearly flat, not greatly elevated and abruptly sloping downward along the lateral margins ; propodeum very short medially but triangularly enlarging towards the sides, the metapleura small and narrow but reaching to the hind coxae. Dorsum of abdomen moderately sunken in, the venter depressed with the fifth ventrite reaching about to the mid- dle and leaving the ovipositor free ; protruded part of the ovipositor sheaths terete ; vibrissal plates situated on the lateral margins of the dorsum half way between the base and the middle, the vibrissae falling considerably short of the apex. Legs normal, the tarsi slender and not thickened at base, the first joint of the middle pair as long as the four following joints combined and a little longer than the slender tibial spur. Wings narrow, reaching considerabW beyond the apex of the abdomen ; venation reach- ing to the middle of the disk; submarginal vein somewhat enlarged and slightly broken at a point one third of its length from the distal end, marginal vein stout and about four times longer than thick, stigmal vein about one half as long, narrow at base and triangularly enlarged at apex, the postmarginal short and spurlike ; speculum narrow and of equal width throughout, falling somewhat short of the stigmal vein but extending to the bare area along the posterior margin of the wing, and interrupted near its lower end by two stout bristles; marginal cilia rather long, the discal cilia extremely various and helping to form the fuscous rays and band, those on the base of the disk before the specu- 436 lum in the form of stout, tapering moderately long bristles with the one- contiguous to the thickened part of the submarginal vein about twice as long as all the rest ; those on the darkest fuscous areas beyond the speculum similar along the anterior margin of the disk but becoming somewhat finer on the median band and along the posterior margin, and interspersed throughout in the fuscous areas with much shorter, blunt and flattened bristles; cilia of the clear areas in part extremely fine and transparent and partly black and somewhat coarser, these dark cilia being distributed over the whole of the subapical clear spot on the posterior margin, or the inner half of the corresponding spot on the anterior margin, and along the inner margins, of the median pair of clear spots, covering the inner third of the anterior one of this pair; bristles on the submarginal vein pale colored, very slender and rather long ; those on the marginal vein much shorter and stouter, being flattened and spear-shaped. Face and cheeks with a fine delicate reticulation more evident on the sloping dorsal sides of the scrobal impression; mesoscutum much more distinctly and somewhat more coarsely reticulate ; mesopleura extremely finely reticulate and nearly opaque ; axillae finely, closely and transversel}^ lineolate ; frontovertex with crowded thimble-like punctures, considerably coarser than those on the scutellum of Plagiomcrus yet very fine al- though not producing an opaque efifect, and becoming obsolete anter- iorly on the reflexed part of the frons ; the latter with two distinct pin- punctures arranged in a transverse line at the angulation and another pair just posteriorly on the dorsal part of the frons but considerably obscured by being located at the edge of the thimble-punctured area ; scutellum with similar and a little coarser thimble-punctures on the disk but becoming smooth and polished on the sloping sides and more narrowly at apex ; metanotum and propodeum rather dull but without evident sculpture; abdomen mostly smooth and polished but lieconiing finely reticulate on the last tergite except at the sides. Pubescence throughout very sparse and inconspicuous ; the eyes bare, the other parts of the head nearly bare except for the narrow, semi- circular orbital line of silvery white, recumbent hairs bounding the dorsal limits' of the face; mesoscutum with sparse, fine, bristle-like and blackish hairs seriately arranged; scutellum with about six bristle-like hairs towards the base, somewhat longer than those. on the mesoscutum, and with apparently no bristles at all at apex ; apex of abdomen and protruded part of ovipositor with short, delicate, pale-colored pubescence. Length: 1.07; length of head: 0.307: width of head: 0.356; width of vertex at the posterior ocelli; 0.106; width of mesoscutum: 0.362; length of fore-wing: 0.912; width of fore-wing: 0.372; length of pro- truded part of ovipositor: 0.134 mm. Head and notum of thorax metallic green, the sloping sides of the scrobal impression with a purplish luster, the reflexed part of the frons bluish green ; meso.scutum with more brilliant brassy and golden reflections, the underparts of the thorax black and but slightly shiny; 437 abdomen metallic blue witb a moderatel}- strong luster, the sunken in area of dorsum more blackish, the ovipositor sheaths black, the spicula yellow. Antennae black, the funicle and the club somewhat more brownish, the sixth funicle joint yellow, the club slightly yel- • lowish towards the apex. Front legs brown, with the base of the femora and the tarsi yellowish, the apical half of the tibiae yellow ; middle and hind legs black, with the apical half of the middle tibia, apex of liind tibiae and both pair of tarsi, except apex of the last joint, yellow. Fore-wings marked with fuscous rays from a longitudinal band aris- ing from the integumentary pigment and from the dark ciliation as fol- lows : A large quadrate fuscous area beneath the venation from the break in the submarginal to the apex of the stigmal vein enclosing a small hyaline spot between the speculum and the apical part of the submarginal vein ; the first two rays on the anterior margin produced by this hyaline spot and located respectively at the break in the sub- marginal, and beneath the marginal and stigmal veins ; the quadrate area further enclosing a central hyaline spot beneath and beyond the speculum, but the posterior margin of the disk remaining dark so that the rays on the margin at this point are not differentiated ; the fuscous area continued beyond the venation as a broad median longitudinal 1)and constricted before the apex and then triangularly enlarged at apex ; the band sending out two rays above, the third and fourth on the anterior margin, one just before the constriction, the other at the apex and continuous with the triangular enlargement ; the band further emitting one ray, which is narrowed at its base, just before the con- striction towards the posterior margin, but the apical ray on this margin is not differentiated from the triangular enlargement of the band ; the four rays on the anterior margin much darker than the rest of the fuscous area or nearly black, the first one narrowest, the others in- creasing gradually in width from the second to the fourth ; the first pair of hyaline .spots beyond the venation quadrate, the one on the anterior margin nearly square, the other a little longer than wide ; the second or subapical pair of hyaline spots both wider than long; most of the submarginal vein brownish yellow, its apical part and the stigmal vein nearly hyaline, the marginal vein brown. Hind-wings entirely hyaline. Described from 1 female (type) collected on the Manoa (Miffs Trail, Tantalus, Oahn, Oct. 26, 1919 (W. M. Giffard). This certainly must be an inimig-rant species but it is not yet apparent from what part of the world it was derived, al- though an Oriental origin is suspected. 438 XOTES AXD EXIIIBITIOXS. Fhj ira.§ps.— Mr. Ehrliom exhibited a Philippine iig con- taiiiiuii iiulls from which fig wasps had been dissected. The hitter were also exhibited. Anoviala flavUahris. — Mr. Ehrhorn exhibited a specimen of this beetle killed by fungns. It had been sent from Japan hx Mr. Langford, Avho wrote that thousands of the beetles were found dead on the ground in a locality near Tokyo. Mr. Ehrhorn stated that the pathologists of the Experiment Station, H. S. P. A., were attempting to cultivate the fungus, and that they thought it to be the same as the fungus introduced by j\ir. Muir from the Philippines a few years ago. CallHhrnysus koebelei. — Mr, Bridwell exhibited a speci- men of this beautiful beetle, bred from mamake (Piptarus al- hidus),, and stated that he found the larvae in considerable numbers about two months ago on the Manoa Cliifs trail. lie also rei^orted finding larvae of another species in Byronia at the same place ; and additional larvae of the species in Piflospornrn on the windward side of Mt. Konahuanui. Dolichunis gtdiituiii. — ^Ir. Bridwell remarked on the great decrease in roaches of the genus Phyllodi-omia, brought about by the recently introduced Dolichunis from the Philippines, and liaralleling the case of Anomala orieiitalis being quickly reduced to harmless numbers by the introduction of Scolia iimnilae from the Philippines, Apliis middlctom. — Mr. Tind)erlake identified an Aphid which Mr. Swezey had found on the roots of Coreopsis in Kaimuki, as this species and stated that he had found it also on China aster. ^Ir. Ehrhorn added that this species was found connnonly by Mr. Marsh on asters as early as 1910, and that it caTised considerable damage to the plants. 439 DEFERRED BUSINESS. The Committee on Entomological Organization submitted a report, containing recommendations to the Bishop Museum and the Committee of the iS^ational Council of Research, on entomological work in the Pacitic. The report was accepted and the Secretary ordered to communicate a copy to Dr. H. E. Gregory, Director of the Bishop Museum, and to print the same in the Proceedings. The Conmiittee was then discharged and its work transferred to the Executive Com- mittee with the addition of J. C. Bridwell. The President announced the appointment of Messrs. Timberlake, Pemberton and Bridwell as a Committee on Common ISTames of Economic Insects, Mr. Timberlake to act as chairman. Report of the Committee on Entomological Organization. (Submitted Dec. 9, 1919) Biological Problems or the Hawaiian Insect Eauna. In the recommendations made by this Committee for lines of entomological work appropriate to be carried on by the Bishop Museum, and presented to the Society for consid- eration at a special meeting June 17, 1919, and later trans- mitted to the Director of the Museum, one topic was designated, "Biological Problems," in connection with the endemic insect faima, without giving detailed stateuient of such problems. The Committee now presents a detailed out- line of certain lines of work open for research investiga- tions with the endemic Hawaiian insect fauna. 1. Life Histories in General. Much remains to be done in working out life histories and other habits in all the Orders of insects ; and the discovery of their food plants and host relations, or other food habits. 440 Sri-xiAL Subjects. Lepidoptera. ' Leafmincrs of Pelca (O/^ostCi^a sp. ). Other leafminers. Banana moths. Leafroller caterpillars. Wood feeding caterpillars^ Fruit and seed caterpillars. Discovery of food plants of caterpillars in genera in which they are at present unknown, e. g. : Mcstolobcs. Orthomccyma, etc. Habits of the case moths of the large genus Hy/^osiiiocovia (170 species). Hymenoptera. Nesting habits of wasps. Food of predatory and parasitic wasps. The genus Sicrola and host relations. The genus Sclcrodcrmus and host relations. The genus Eupclmus and host relations. Parasites of Lepidoptera. Parasites of scale insects. Parasites of mealy bugs and Aphis. Parasites of Delphacidac. Parasites of Coleoptera. Coleoptera. The Carahidae. The longhorn beetles ( Pluiiitlvnysides). The genus Heteramphus. The genus Rhynocogonus. The genus Proterhinns. Beetles in relation to the declining forests. Beetles feeding in dead wood_ Predacious beetles. Flightless beetles. Hosts of Laboulbeniaceiie. Scavenger beetles. Parasitism of Coleoptera. Diptera. Aquatic Diptera. Leafminers. Parasitic Diptera The crane flies. The genus Dyscritoviyia. The genus Drosophila (many native species). 441 Homoptera. The Jumping Plant-lice (PsyUidae). Leafhoppers (DelphacidacJ. /^ The genus Oliarus. Tree hoppers (Jassidae). Endemic mealy-bugs. Parasitism of Homoptera. Heteroptera. Predacious bugs The genus Oechalia. The genus Rediiviohts. The genus Nysius. The Capsidae^ Orthoptera. Predacious forms. Parasitism of Orthoptera. Odonata, Neuroptera, etc. Habits of the Heincrohiids. Parasitism of the Hemerobiids. Discovery of larval habits of native antlion. Dragon-flies. Psocidae. Studies in Variation, inelnding breeding- experiments, can be carried on with several of the groups. This line of re- search is specially attractive here, for six or more generations mav be had per year. Of these special subjects, those with reference to Hymen- optera have several of the members of the Society specially interested in them: the Aculeates — Messrs. Giffard, Williams, Timberlake and Bridwell ; the Parasitica — Messrs. Pullaway, Timberlake, Bridwell and Swezey. In the Lepidoptera, Mr. Swezey has been carrying on re- searches in most of the lines mentioned. In Coleoptera. Messrs. Giffard, Bridwell and Swezey are especially interested in certain problems, and Dr. Perkins is ' still doing systematic work with the beetles. The Diptera are receiving less attention than some of the Orders. They have been considerably neglected in the past. 442 The Honioptera have several working on them: Messrs. Giffard, Muir, Timberlake, Swezej, Bridwell and Crawford. The Heteraptem^ are not being actively dealt with jnst at present, nor are the other Orders: Orthoptera, Odonata. Neu- ropteva. etc., though nuieh material is at hand for working, especially in the Heteroptera. In fact the entomologists of Honcjluhi, mciiil)er.s of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, or those engaged officially in entomological work of one kind or another chiefly with refer- ence to economic or practical work with insect pests at one or another of the different institutions, are interested in many of the lines of research above indicated, and have spent much time on some of them, and are continuing to do so as time and opportunity presents. But in this way progress must needs be slow as compared with a research worker luitriug his whole time and attention on a special subject, without other duties to continually interrupt or interfere with his progress. 2. CoUcdlng. For most of the lines alcove mentioned, much collecting is necesssary, not only in general throughout the Islands, l)ut in special places where no collecting has been done, particularly in localities where the native forests are rajiidly on the de- cline and are disappearing, and this can l)cst be done by persons trained in the sjiecial methods of insect collecting in these Islands, to obtain results, and capable of taking the de- sired notes and data as to host, location, other conditions, etc. 3. Systematic Eutomologi/. This line of work must go hand in hand with biological researches. It involves : descriptions of new s])ecies ; revisions of groups; production of synoptic tables, etc. Many of the members of the Entomological Society are having a share in this already. 4. Beariiifj on Factors of Evolutio)!. Many of the biological problems are of gTeat importance on 443 accounf of the beariiiii' tliov have on the faetors oi evolution, and shonld ])0 earried on with these ]ioints in niinth The ])resent eeononiie eiitoniohiuists slionhl lu' all means he eneonraiicd to continue with the lines of research they are interested in and now followinu; hut an ettieient entomological staff at the Museum would he in position to carry on many lines of rescaixdi to advantage which cannot he satisfactorily handled hy the other entomologists. IvKKIOliKXCK ( 'oI.LKC'l'lo.X OK IFaWALLAX TxsKCTS. It is only natni-al that a subject of such consumini;- interest tisho]) Museum, shonld I'cceive fni-ther thonii'lit and deliheration, and wc hnd ourselves at j)resent, after the la])se i»f six months, hnrdened with many suggestions of a s])e- cihc nature on the means of accomplishing the work ontlined. Regarding a "Keference Collection of Hawaiian Insects," we desire to state onr ahsolnte conviction that nothing of im])ort- ance can he accomplished in the way of hnilding u]) siudi a col- lection of Hawaiian insects nntil a competent, trnstworthy and ])ermanent curator of insects is ap])ointed. Only a com])etent man can do the work well, and the lahor involved wonhl recpiire his entire time for many years. It has hecn stated hefore that there are "types" and series of s])ecimens of endemic as well as introdnced insects ready for the Mnsenm when a com- petent and trnstworthy cnstodian is i)rovide(l and lihei-al regu- latitni of their nse admitted. It has also heen ])()inted out that the ^Insenm now has re])- resentatives of sixty-fonr ])er cent of the species of Hawaiian in- sects known and listed at the time the Famia Hawaiiensis was ])nhlished. These are virtnally "ty])es," l)eing actnal specimens in hand when the descri])tions were made. With so large a pro]:)ortion already possessed a complete representation seems eminently desirahle, and its importance to workers here, who are desirons of carrying on the lal)ors of Elackhnrn, Perkins, Kirkaldy and others, cannot he over-stated. Tt is im]~»ossible for most of ns to go as far as London to examine the "types" 444 miroprcs('ntcd here, yet thoroiijili dcsc-riptivo work eaiiiiot l)e (lone without seeing them. Aj)i);ircutl_v nndeserihed s])ecies are eonstantly heing discovered as the result of intensive col- lecting, which should he |)ul)lished. Also many groups of Hawaiian insects need revison hadly and tlie material is at iiand for the work. Tlie Museum could foster work of this kind ]>y offering to hnance the studv of the "types" hy special- ists undertaking descri])tive or revisory work, receiving in re- turn for the outlay, the niannscripts for publication and insect material, including ''types," specimens compared with "tyi^es," and series of specimens for reference to hnild u]) the col- lections. Some of this work could undoubtedly be undertaken by the curator. When the further entomological exploration of the Pa- cihc. now in contenijdation, begin's to secure results, if, as this Society has strongly urged, the material obtained is turned over to the Museum, the need for this advanced organization of its entomological woi'k will become more im])ei'ative aud in- deed, this Work sh(tuld not otherwise be undertaken. ThK ExT(XM()I.()(iI('AL ExPLORATn)X OF TJIE PaCIFIC. Tn view of the plans now under consideration for the further scientific ex])loration of the South Pacific by means of an ex])l(!i-iug voyage in the near futui'c, the ITawaiian En- tomological Society has felt it coulers, ])robably based upon a broader experience of Pacific, and pai'licularly Polynesia]!, entomology than can be found in any other body of scientific men. The broad ])ur])()se of the scientific exi)loration now in contem])lation is doubtless to secure uiatei'ial upon which to 445 base a well gromided opinion in regard to the sujiposed former existence of a Pacitic continent and thns to secnre further evi- dence upon the (jiiestion of the [X'rnianence of the continents and oceans, and, if there may be considered to have been such a Pacific continent, to find its former extent and its relations to the surrounding" continental areas, its antiquity, the origin of its fauna and fiora, and the extent of divergence in the various groups, and to trace as far as it may be done, the history of the human race in the Pacific. To the broad pur- pose of the ex})loration and to the subordinate ends, we feel that an adequate entomological explorali(jn will contribute largely. The richness and diversity of any insect fauna in comparison with that of other phases of land aninuds and its greater persistence under conditions leading to the extinction of the larger forms of animal life, tends to make the con- clusions drawai- from it less subject to accidental errors. We believe that the biological evidence in regard to these problems must rest primarily upon a thorough knowledge of the phanerogamic flora, the land shells and the insects of the re- gions to be explored. How this knowdedge of the insect fauna may best be se- cured is indicated by the work done in the past. Few, if any, of the great explorations in the Pacific have made any con- siderable contribution to our knowledge of the insect fauna, and today the only group of islands in the' Pacific where this fauna is at all adequately known is our own group where the Committee of the Royal Society and the British Association hit upon the method by which an insect fauna may be made known. It was by the selection of such an extremely capable entomological naturalist as Dr. Perkins and by keeping him long enough upon the ground to do the work that the truly re- markable results embodied in the Fauna Hawaiiensis were secured. In the opinion of this Societ}', the adequate entomological exploration of the Pacific from the standpoint of the problems stated and the particular phase of the relation of the Hawaiian 446 insect fauna to that of the South Pacific, requires the explora- tion of certain islands or i^roups of islands. Those which seem to ns most important are these: The Galopagos, San duan Fer- nandez, Easter Island, some of the low eastern coral islands such as the Panmotns, the Marquesas, Tahiti, Samoa, the Fijis, and some of the low western coral islands, probably the Marshall Islands. Aside from these the Bonin Islands are known to liave some curious biological relations which make their exploration desirable and the insect fauna of New Zea- land, other than the beetle fauna is in great need of f\n-ther ex- ploration. The island groups between Fiji and New Guinea, while of very great interest, are so obviously related entomo- logically to !New Guinea that their ex])loration would fall into relation with the exploration of that region rather than with the region which we have under consideration. The Galopagos Islands are generally supposed to have been more or less thoroughly explored entonudogically but in dis- cussing the matter witli Dr. Y. X. Williams, who did the entomological work foi- the Galifornia Academy of Sciences Ex]K'(lition, we learn that he considers that less than iifty per cent of the Galopagos insect fauna is known and that more intense collecting, particularly in the ui)land forest, which has proved to have so many peculiar and interesting forms in the Hawaiian Islands, is much to be desired. While an ex])loring voyage such as is being planned at present, may, under ]iro])er arrangements, secure results of inestimable value in ])lanning the future work of ex])loi"ation, it will be a most deplorable mistake to suppose that it will be possible, under the conditions of such a voyage at its very best, to make an adequate entomological ex])loration of any but the smallest of the islands and them only if there are other nuitters of importance which are likely to lead to a considerable time being spent there. The only way in which the explorations may secure materials u])on which any well based opinions can be founded, is to ])lace a Avell trained man on the ground for a period of not less than one year and in all probability for a 44^ longer period. If his work can he done sinmltaneonsly with botanical explorations, ninch will he gained, for the most ef- fective entomological work in these regions calls for an intimate knowledge of the flora which can hardly be expected from an entomologist working alone. Jndging from onr experience here, even the best collector of insects from the temperate regions needs a complete reedu- cation in methods of work before he can work in such regions as those to be explored, for it may be expected that the insects there, as they are in Hawaii, will be found closely attached to the endemic or native plants and one unfamiliar with the hundreds of tropicopolitan plants will waste much of his time on these plants, when one familiar with conditions would be doing significant work. It seems to be of the greatest im- portance that there should be secured, if possible, for the work with the proposed expedition and in the necessary subsequent work, someone who has had experience in collecting in the Hawaiian Islands and is already somewhat familiar with the special methods of collecting which have been developed here, and with the special problems of the Pacific. We have already expressed ourselves as of the opinion that such future ex])lorations of the entomology of the Pacific should l)e centered in the Bishop Museum of Honolulu and we believe the material secured should be placed there and studied under the administration of the curator of insects when that position is filled. "With the ]U'oper organization of this work, in that institution, it is j^robable that these explorations will arouse a continuing interest in this work among residents of the various island groups and will result in further material being made available for study when they know where such material can be sent. C. L. CRAWFORn, W. M. GiFFARI), O. IT. SWEZEV,. J. 0. Brtdwell. D. T. Ftllaway, Committee. 448 Immigrant Records for 1919. BY TJIK EDITOK. T^uriiiii' the year li»ll>, iT) iiiuuii>raiit insects were recorded tV»r the tirst tiiiic. Some of tliciii have evidently been present for several years without liavini;- Ix'cn noticed. Xone of them are of nnich economic imi)ortanc(', not being considered as pests at present. Several of them ai-e i)arasites or predators, hence to be consi(h'red beneficial. Of some of them the halnts are not yet known. A list is here given with the pages on which the records occnr. Scypoplionis sp 247 Apion s]) 248 Psychodid riy ; 248 A hihhjirh'x sp 266 AntIiomyi.s CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. NO. 2. !N^oTEs AND Exhibitions : January meeting 247 February meeting 248 March meeting 256 April meeting 265 May meeting 277 June meeting 283 July meeting 323 August meeting 327 September meeting 329 October meeting 337 l^ovember meeting 359 December meeting 438 Obituary :N'otice of H. O. Marsh 235 Revised By-laws 257 Recommendations of Entomological Work for Bishop Museum 287 Election of Officers for 1920 362 Report of Committee on Entomological Organization 439 Immigrant Records for 1919 448 PAPERS : Bkidwell^ J. C. : Xotes on ISTesotocus giflfardi Perkins (Col.) 250 The Insect Fauna of Hawaiian Bunch Grass (Era- grostis variabilis and Allies) 278 Some ISTotes on Hawaiian and other Bethylidae (Hym.), with the Description of a new Genus and Species. 2nd Paper -^ 291 A new Lowland Plagithmysine Cerambycid from Oahu with Notes on its Habits (Col.) 314 Miscellaneous N'otes on Hymenoptera, 2nd Paper, with Descriptions of l^ew Species 386 jSTotes on the Bruchidae (Col.) and their Parasites in the Hawaiian Islands. 3rd Paper 403 Ck^wfoed^ D. L. : Cerotrioza (Homoptera, Psyllidae) 374 FULLAWAY. D. T. : v Natural Control of Scale Insects in Hawaii 237 A 'New Species of Fruitfly Parasite from Java (Hjm.) 260 GlFFARD^ W. M. : Presidential Address 363 OsBORN, H. T. : A l^ote on ApterocYclus (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) 375 OsiiiMA^ M. : A New Species of Immigrant Termite from the Hawaiian Islands 261 Perkins, R. C. L. P. : Note on Hawaiian Platjnus (Col., Carabidae) 276 Some New Hawaiian Coleoptera 341 SwEZEY, O. H. : Notes on Callithmysns microgastr (Col.) 264 The Tahiti Coconut Weevil in Hawaii (Col.) 333 The Genus Phytometra (Plusia) in Hawaii (Lep).... 335 Some New Hawaiian Lepidoptera 376 TiMBERLAKE, P. H. : Notes on the Immigrant Hawaiian Species of Ichneu- monini or Pimplini of Authors (Hym.) 266 Descriptions of New Genera and Species of Ha- waiian Encyrtidae (Hym.), II 409 HE PACIFIC, HONOLULU Vol. IV, No. 3. September, 1921. PROCEEDINGS OF THE HAWAIIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR 1920 HONOLULU, HAWAII Price 50 Cents OFFICERS 1920. PRESIDENT J). L. CRAWFORD VICE-PRESIDENT _ .._F. X. WILLIAMS SECRETARY-TREASURER D. T. FULLAWAY ADDITIONAL MEMBERS OF ) ( W. M. GIFFARD EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE C j O. H. SWEZEY EDITOR OF PROCEEDINGS O. H. SWEZEY LIBRARIAN _ C. E. PEMBERTON CUSTODIAN OF INSECT COLLECTION P. H. TIMBERLAKE Bridwell, J. C. Bryan, E. H., Jr. Bryan, W. A. Carter, G. R. Crawford, D. L. Ehrhorn, E. M. FuUaway, D. T. Giflfard, W. M. Grinnell, F. Holmes, H. Ulingwortli, J. F. *Koebele, A. Langford, D. B. Macfarlane, F. W. Mant, C. F. Muir, F. Honorary Members. MEMBERSHIP 1920. Munro, J. * Newell, Bro. Matthias Osborn, H. T. Pemberton, C. E. •Perkins, R. C. L. Potter, W. R. R. Rosa, J. ♦Sharp, D. Swezey, O. H. Tenney, E. D. Timberlake, P. H. Whitney, L. A. Wilder, G. P. Willard, H. F. Williams, F. X. AH correspondence should be addressed to the Secretary, Hawaiian Entomological Society, Honolulu, Hawaii, from whom copies of the Pro- ceedings may be purchased. Volume I of the Proceedings, for 1905-07 (in five numbers), contains 210 pages, 4 plates, and 5 text figures. Volume II, 1908-12 (in five numbers), contains 311 pages, 7 plates, 5 cuts and 1 portrait. Volume III, 1913-1917 (in five numbers), contains 500 pages, 8 plates and 6 cuts. Volume rV, No. 1, 1918, contains 233 pages, 4 plates and 6 cuts. Volume rV, No. 2, 1919, contains 215 pages, 3 plates and 12 cuts. Price per volume, $2.00. Price of any single number, 50 cents. PROCEEDINGS OF THE Hawaiian Entomological Society Vol. IV, No. 3. For the Year 1920. September, 1921. JANUARY 8th, 1920. The 172nd meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was held in the entomological laboratory of the H. S. P. A. Experiment Station, President Crawford presiding. Other members present were Messrs. Rosa, E. H. Bryan, Williams, Giffard, Timberlake, Bridwell, Ehrhorn, Osborn, Swezey, Wil- lard, and Fullaway. The minutes of the previous meeting were read and- ap- proved with corrections. Mr. F. W. Macfarlane was unanimously elected to member- ship. The committee on common names reported that it had not yet completed its work. Mr. Ehrhorn was appointed by the Chair as alternate on the committee. A letter from Mr. C. S. Judd, Territorial Superintendent of Forestry, was read, asking the opinion of the Society as to the desirability of using in reforestation work, trees whose fruits are known to be attacked by the Mediterranean fruitfly. The following committee was appointed by the Chair to consider the matter: Messrs. Willard (chairman), Giffard and Fullaway. The report of the Auditor was read and, on motion, duly seconded, was accepted and the Auditor discharged. 452 ENTOMOLOGICAL PROGRAM. Note on the Eggs of Araeocerus Fasciculatus De G. (Anthribidae, Coleoptera). BY O. H. SWEZEY. In examining- some koa pods collected on Sugar Loaf Hill, June 23, 1919, I found several clusters of white, hatched eggs inside the pods where the larvae of Cryptophlebia illepida (But- ler) had eaten out the seeds and had made exit holes thru the side of the pod. At the time I could not make a satisfactory determination of these eggs. On November 9 of the same year, I collected some more koa pods in the south end of the Waianae Mountains. On ex- amining these, many more of the same eggs were found, mostly hatched, but a few that were unhatched, and these hatched a few days later. In the same batch of koa pods were also many €:gg clusters of Pantoniorns fnlleri (Horn), some hatched and others unhatched. As the unknown eggs were somewhat simi- lar and placed in similar places, and as the young larvae also resembled those of P. fiillcri (except that they had legs), and as there is no other related beetle known here of which these could have been the eggs, I feel certain that they belong to Araeocerus fascicnlaUis. I have looked up many references to this beetle in American entomological literature, and also from other parts of the world, but I could find no mention or description of the eggs, from which one could infer that the eggs were not known. Hence, I herewith give a description of the eggs. Before hatching the eggs were yellowish ; the empty egg- shells are pure white. The surface is completely ' covered with longitudinal rows of pits like the surface of a thimble ; short cylindrical, with rounded ends about 0.8 mm. long and about 0.4 mm. in width. They were deposited in rather loose masses of 40 to 60 eggs, yet adhering together, tho not firmly cemented together as is the case with those of P. fnlleri. They had Proe. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 453 apparently been deposited by the female thrusting- her ovi- positor thru the hole in the pod made by the moth larva which ate the seed, and were in the space formerly occupied by the seed. In one pod five successive seed cavities were occupied by masses of the eggs of A. fascicnlatiis. NOTES AND EXHIBITIONS. Stnimigenys lewisi. — Mr. Williams exhibited specimens of this ant taken January 4, 1920, under stones at the head of Manoa Valley, at 900 feet elevation, and made the following note : The first record of this species in Hawaii was made in the spring of 1911 by Ehrhorn, who took the species in quaran- tine, from material originating in Japan. In April, 1917, Brid- well took the species in rotten wood in Palolo Valley. The present record is apparently the third. Celerio calida. — Mr. Williams reported finding, on the same day, numerous larvae of this native Sphingid on Scaevola cham- issoniana at the head of Manoa Valley. He remarked that Dr. Perkins stated the larvae to be polyphagous. They have pre- viously been found upon Straussia, Coprosma, etc. Vanessa tammeamea .—'\lr . Williams reported observing this butterfly clustering in numbers on the under side of the limb of a koa tree. There were seven in the largest cluster. It resembled the hibernation habit of similar butterflies in the Temperate zone, and may be the relic of an instinct. Mclanocrahro ciirtipes. — Mr. Williams exhibited a male ex- ample of this wasp, collected November 1, at Kilauea, Hawaii. The deeply excavated abdomen and rough sculpture are pecu- liarities of this wasp. Plagithmyshic larvae in Pittsosporum. — Mr. Bridwell re- ported rearing successfully four adult beetles from larvae found in Pittospornm on the windward side of Konahuanui. He stated that the form is transitional between Neoclytarlns and Plagithmysus, having the form of body and markings like the former, and form of tarsi and pubescence of hind legs like the latter. He thought, however, that it should be considered a Neoclytarlns. Lepisma sp. — Mr. Bridwell reported capturing in the labora- 454 tory of the Experiment Station, H. S. P. A., specimens of Lepisma-Yike Thysanuran not previously recorded here. It dif- fers from Lepisma, however, and probably belongs to a dif- ferent genus. It is more or less spotted, the scales on the body, however, are similar to Lepisma. Semnoprepia larvae in o/iia. — Mr. Bridwell reported observ- ing caterpillars (probably Semnoprepia larvae) attacking" the living bark of ohia trees on Mt. Kaala. This is his third record of larvae attacking living wood tissue, which were supposed to attack only dead wood. A'coclytarlus indecens. — Mr. Bridwell reported finding the larvae of this beetle in Smilax stems, December 26, on Mt. Kaala. He found that the eggs were laid at the nodes of green stems, and the work of the larvae at the nodes kills the stem. Later, the entire stem is eaten out by the larvae. This is an- other instance of a native insect attacking living plant tissue. In the same material was also found the first winged female of an endemic species of Sclerodermus. This was 5. polynesialis, and it was attacking the larvae of A^. indecens. The same species was also reported attacking the larvae of Oodemas in Manoa Valley. Sierola sp. — Mr. Bridwell reported having reared from Smi- lax stems two species of Sierola attacking lepidopterous larvae, probably of the genus Semnoprepia. Periplaneta americana. — ^Ir. Bridwell reported observing the mating dance of this cockroach, while walking in Palolo Valley in the moonlight, January 4. Fifty to seventy-five individuals were so engaged in the middle of the road. This same roach, Mr. Ehrhorn reported having observed feeding on canna blos- soms in Manoa Valley. Ornithoica sp. — Mr. Bryan exhibited specimens of a Hip- poboscid fly reared from pupae found on the neck feathers of a pheasant shot on Kauai by Mr. Broadbent, who stated that the same insect is also found on mynah birds. The fly appears to belong to the genus Ornithoica. 455 FEBRUARY 5th, 1920. The 173rd meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was held in the usual place, Mr. Crawford presiding, other members present being Messrs. Bryan, Giffard, Osborn, Rosa, Swezey, Timberlake, and Williams. In the absence of the Secretan,-, the reading of the minutes of the previous meeting was omitted, and Mr. Timberlake was appointed Secretary pro tern, by the Chair. NOTES AND EXHIBITIONS. J\\^pa occidentalis. — Mr. Wilhams reported the capture of a fresh specimen of a queen of J^espa, to all appearances J\ occidentalis Cresson, taken by Messrs. Rock and Agee at 4000 feet, Halemanu, Kauai, on January 30th. The insect, which was benumbed with cold, was found clinging to the under side of a fallen post, where it was presumably hibernating. This is the first record of a species of Vespa for the Hawaiian Islands, and it seems probable that this species is already established on Kauai. Its natural habitat is the western part of the United States. Mr. Swezey stated that he had taken this species in Arizona, California, and Oregon, and exhibited his collection of North American species of Vespa. Immigrant Insects Recorded in 1919.* — ]\Ir. Swezey sub- mitted a list of 25 immigrant insects, recorded by the members of the Society for the first time during the year 1919. Mr. Swezey remarked on the economic importance of the included species, and stated that none so far as yet known will become pests of any great importance, and that some are distinctly beneficial. Calandra taitcnsis and Aphis middletonii have some economic interest, while Chrysopa, Silaon. and some of the para- sitic Hymenoptera are beneficial. Scolia manilae. — Messrs. Swezey and Osborn spoke of the habits of Scolia and its preference for cultivated ground. This is detrimental on the whole for the control of Adorelus in some Printed in Proceedings for 1919, page 448 (Ed.). 456 localities where it is found more or less abundantly in sod land. New Syrphid. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited larvae and puparia of an aphidivorous Syrphid new to the islands, collected on corn infested with Aphis maidis at the College of Hawaii, Manoa \^alley. A single larva was also found a month earlier at the Federal Experiment Station on corn, but it died of disease. Scarahaeids from Queensland. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a set of 18 injurious Scarahaeids and 7 species of their parasites collected by Mr. Illingworth in Queensland. MARCH 4th, 1920. The 174th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was held at the usual place. Mr. Williams presided, and other members present were Messrs. Bridwell, Bryan, Ehrhorn, Gif- fard, Rosa, Swezey, Timberlake, and Willard. Mr. Timberlake was appointed Secretary pro tem., and the minutes of the two previous meetings were read and approved. ENTOMOLOGICAL PROGRAM. On behalf of ]\Ir. Fullaway. the acting Secretary presented a note on "Cryptoferines breiis in Hawaii." Cryptotermes brevis in Hawaii (Isoptera). BY D. T. FULLAWAY. Examples of this immigrant species of Cryptotermes found commonly in Honolulu were recently referred by me to Air. Thomas E. Snyder of the U. S. Bureau of Entomology for determination. Mr. Snyder identifies the species with Cryp- totermes hrevis (Walker) and gives the habitat as South and Central America, the West Indies, and in the United States only at Key West, Florida. In Cuba and at Key West, Florida, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 457 according to Mr. Snyder, this insect is very destructive to the woodwork of buildings and furniture. It is able to work in dry wood. This species, through specimens preserved in the collections of the H. S. P. A. Experiment Station, is known to have been in Hawaii previous to 1904, but its generic position was not determined until the discovery of the soldier a few years ago. A New^ Immigrant Weevil Attacking Banana (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). r.V O. H. SWEZEV. On February 19, I found this weevil in the decaying portion of a banana stump at my garden in Kaimuki. It is so small that it was only by chance that it was first discovered. The white larvae were first seen, then with careful search, pupae and adult beetles were found. Continuing the search in the decaying substance, a large number of the beetles were found. They were in the very rotten part of the underside of the corm, the larvae were found feeding in the part that was more solid. This species is smaller than any of the known native species of Dryophflionis, and has a longer and more slender rostrum in proportion to its size. However, it runs to the genus Dr\- ophilionis in Blatchley & Leng's Rhynchophora or Weevils of N. E. America, it having five-jointed tarsi, on account of which structure this genus is stated to difl^er in this respect from all American Rhynchophora except a few species of Scolytidae. The Hawaiian species of the genus are deadwood feeders, and perhaps all species of the genus have similar habits. It may be that this new form belongs to some other near related genus. Specimens will be sent to Dr. Guy A. K. Marshall for determination.* * Dr. Marshall 's determination received before going to press. He has described it as a new species Stenommatus rmtsae, the genus being very closely related to Dryophthorus. Publication of the species is in Bulletin of Entomological Eesearch, XI: 277, PI. VII, fig. 7, 1920. (Ed.) Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 458 NOTES AND EXHIBITIONS. Jassid on Eragrostis sp. — Mr. Giffard exhibited specimens of an undetermined Jassid collected on an Eragrostis near the Halfway House, Kau, Hawaii, at 2500 feet elevation, on August 27, 1919. It is apparently the same species found by Mr. Gif- fard on Eragrostis at Diamond Head, Oahu, several years ago. Specimens have been sent to Professor Osborn for determina- tion. Mr. Timberlake remarked that the flightless Jassid he had taken on Haleakala, Maui, at 8000 feet elevation, shows some points of resemblance to this species. Mr. Giffard spoke further on the progress of Professor Osborn in his work on Hawaiian Jassidae, and of Mr. Van Duzee in his work on the Heteroptera. Coccus acittissimus Green. — Mr. Ehrhorn reported finding this Coccid at Honolulu on litchi, and stated that it was a new record for the islands, but that it had probably been here a long time. It was recorded by Green on banana. Plntella on Lcpidium. — Mr. Bridwell spoke of finding a Plntella on the native Lepidium at Makapu Point. The cocoon is similar to that of Plntella macidipennis and specimens when reared may prove to be the same. Plagiihmysinc on Elacocarpns. — Mr. Bridwell reported a plagithmysine larva which he had found in the dead bark of Elaeocarpus, well up in Makaha Valley, Waianae, Oahu. Bruchus limhatus. — Mr. Bridwell recorded this Bruchid breeding in the seeds of opiuma, and stated that he had found it spread as far as Castner in the middle of the island, but not yet on the far side of Oahu. Tephritis. — Mr. Bryan stated that he was working on this genus and wished to examine more material. Trypoxylon sp. — Mr. Williams reported that he had found specimens of our small, unnamed immigrant Trypoxylon in the Experiment Station collection, from Los Banos, Philippines (JVUliauis) and Hongkong, China (Terry), the species being represented by one specimen from each locality. 459 APRIL 1st, 1920. The 175th meethig- of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was held at the usual place with Mr. Crawford in the Chair. Other members present were Messrs. Bridwell, Bryan, Ehrhorn, Giffard, Osborn, Rosa. Swezey, Timberlake and Williams, and Messrs. J. Aug. Kusche and C. P. Clausen, visitors. In the absence of the Secretary, Mr. Timberlake was ap- pointed by the Chair as Secretary pro tem., and the minutes of the last meeting were then read and approved. Mr. Crawford reported that the Executive Committee had voted to sell the Society's set of the Review of Applied En- tomology to Mr. Ehrhorn's office at $3.00 per volume, and the set of Pomona Journal of Entomology to the Planters' Experi- ment Station for $5.00; he also reported that the Executive Committee had appointed Mr. Swezey, editor, Mr. Pemberton librarian, and Mr. Timberlake custodian of the type collection. Mr. Crawford then spoke of the preparations that had been made for the Pan-Pacific Scientific Congress to be held in Honolulu in August, and that the Executive Committee had recommended to Dr. Gregory that Dr. L. (3. Howard orf Wash- ington, D. C, Prof. C. F. Baker of Los Banos, Philippine Islands, and Dr. R. J. Tillyard of New South Wales, Australia, should be brought to Honolulu to attend the Congress, with Dr. Vernon Kellogg of Stanford University as alternate, if Dr. Howard could not be induced to come. A list of other prominent entomologists was also submitted to Dr. Gregory, with a recommendation that a warm invitation to attend the Congress be extended to them. Mr. Crawford also reported that the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association had been asked to contribute to the funds of the Congress an amount to be used only for defraying the expenses of the entomologists named above. The Society by unanimous vote approved of the action of the Executive Committee in regard to this Congfress. 460 Notes From Easter Island.* BY WM. A. BRYAN. (Commuuicated by O. H. Swezey.) The native inhabitants of the lonely island, Rapanui, or Easter Island, belong unmistakably to the great Polynesian family. Today there is only a small colony of 270 remaining out of a population that at one time must have numbered sev- eral thousand. They were avowed cannibals at the time of the discovery of the island, but with this combined a knowledge of cutting stone and building huge cut stone alius or temples that is truly marvelous. They were, so far as is known, the only Polynesian tribe that had any form of writing — which con- sisted in engraving curious unmatched characters on planks of wood. Taken altogether, their origin and culture forms one of the greatest, if not the greatest, of the many great puzzles in Polynesian anthropology and ethnology. The people at all times have stoutly maintained that their ancestors came in boats from over the sea, but from which islands, ry closely similar to 0. accepter (Butl. ), but differs espe- cially in the pure white suffusion of the forewings, whereas the whitish marking's in accepfa are with an ochreous tinge ; the dark fuscous markings are about the same, but appear more distinct in giffardi on account of the contrast with the white suffusion. In giffardi, the dark fuscous suffusion beyond second line is not interruptedly paler on the veins as in accepta. Described from three male specimens. Two collected at light by Mr. W. M. Giffard at his bungalow, Kilauea, Hawaii, September, 1911, and September, 1919. One reared by the writer from larva on a grass (Isachnc distichophylla) at Kilauea, Hawaii, April 22, 1920. The caught specimens are somewhat broken ; the reared specimen is the type. Holotype in collection of Hawaiian Entomological Society ; paratypes in collection of Plawaiian Sugar Planters' Experi- ment Station. The first two caught specimens were considered by the writer as specially white forms of accepta (See Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, 11:235, 1913). When he discovered several larvae on the grass above mentioned at Kilauea, and succeeded in Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 470 rearing one moth from them, which was of this white form, he was convinced that this was a different species, especially as the larvae had different markings from those of accepta, there being more of the blackish markings on the thoracic segments. Unfortunately no description was made of the larvae, nor any of them preserved. More of these will be looked for on the next visit to the place. This makes the fifth native species of Omiodes whose larvae feed on grass, the others being: accepta (Butl.), confiiniatalis (Wall.), demaratalis (Wall.), and localis (Butl.). Of these, accepta is the most abundant, and also feeds on sugar cane, sometimes doing considerable injury. Notes on Proterhinus abnormis, a Leaf-Miner in Leaves of Brcussaisia arguta (Col.). BY O. H. SWEZEY. The larvae of Proterhinus ahuoriiiis Perkins mine the leaves of Broitssaisia argitta very abundantly on Mt. Kaala, the high- est mountain on Oahu. On a trip there Alay 18, 1920. I col- lected a number of the beetles. They are found between the unexpanded leaves at the tips of growing branches of the tree. A few were found on the under side of mature leaves, where they oviposit. In doing this a small round excavation is made in the under side of the leaf, or in a vein, the egg deposited in the hole and covered with a little substance apparently obtained by chewing up the hairs and surface of the leaf in a circle about the place where the egg has been deposited. This circle is quite noticeable on the under surface of the leaf (Fig. la). Sometimes it is a ring 3-5 mm. in diameter, but fre- cpiently the whole surface of the circle has been chewed over and has a pale brownish appearance. There may be from one to ten of these per leaf. The egg is whitish and very soft, about .4 mm. in diameter. The irregular mines are well shown in the figure (Fig. lb). The larva is yellowish when full grown and ready to pupate. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 471 Transformation to the adult takes place within the mine, usually where it is in the midrib. Proterhiniis phytlohius Perkins, which similarly mines the leaves of Broussaisia arguta on Tantalus, Kaumuahona and Olympus of the Koolau Range, does not make circles as above when ovipositing. The chewing on the leaf for material to cover the egg is done irregularly. This is the insect treated of in "A Leaf-Mining Proterhinus" in Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, 11:212 and 226, 1913. The name P. excrncians there used for it was apparently an error in determination. Fig. 1. Leaf of Broussaisia arguta with mines of Proterhinus ahnormis. a. Places where eggs have been inserted. h. Mines produced by the larvae. NOTES AND EXHIBITIONS. TlioracapJils Hci. — I\Ir. Fullaway placed on record the oc- currence of Thoracaphis Hci Van der Goot in Hawaii. Speci- mens were collected on Ficus March 22, 1918, by Mr. Van der Goot. Toxoptera auranfiae. — Mr. Timberlake recorded finding Toxoptera auranfiae on the tender shoots of mango in Hono- lulu. A^esodryas giffardi. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a nymph of this native Delphacid having a Dryinid larva on the under side of 472 the abdomen. It was taken May 30 at Waiahole on leaf of Cyrtandra. Two specimens were seen, but only one secured. This is the first instance of the occurrence of a Dryinid larva on the ventral side of a native Delphacid host, they usually being on dorsal side. Calandra reuioia. — Mr. Swezey exhibited 65 specimens of this weevil found at base of one banana plant in his garden at Kaimuki, May 27, 1920. They were beneath the dried-up leaf sheaths, but apparently had matured from larvae that had fed in the corm below the surface of the ground. Ncsiomiris. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited a series of seven species of this endemic genus of Miridae, all of which are sufficiently similar to agree with the description of the single species described, A^ hawaiiensis Kirkaldy. They are easily separated by the genitalia of the male, the characters being easily seen without dissection. "The males are usually dark green and the females paler or more yellowish green. Two species have been found on Oahu, on Byronia and Reynoldsia, three taken on Haleakala, Maui, one of these on Byronia, and three collected in Kona and Kau, Hawaii, on Byronia, Cheiro- dendron, and Reynoldsia, the one on the last-mentioned tree being the same as the Oahu species on the same plant. Maui and Hawaii Insects. — Mr. Timberlake exhibited a col- lection of insects made during the summer of 1919 on Maui and Hawaii. In the collection was a specimen of Sidamita liina- lilo, taken on Freycinetia arhorea, at Kealakekua, Kona, Island of Hawaii, 3500 feet elevation ; also a specimen of Orothreptes callithrix, taken on Pisonia, in the same locality. JULY 1st, 1920. The 178th meetirg of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was held in the usual place. In the absence of the officers, Mr. Giffard presided and appointed Mr. Timberlake as acting Sec- retary. Other members present were Messrs. Ehrhorn, Muir. 473 Rosa, Swezey, Wilder, and Willard, with Mr. L. A. Whitney, visitor. The minutes of the previous meeting were read and ap- proved with a few minor corrections. Air. Ehrhorn brought up for the consideration of the So- ciety whether the Coccid, Antonina austratis, brought back from Australia by Mr. Muir, should be liberated. Mr. Muir stated that he had observed a iield of sugar cane in ratoon in which the Antonina had killed 90 per cent of the nutgrass and pre- vented it from flowering. He had also observed that the nutgrass in cane fields is all seedling and that as soon as it forms corms the Coccid begins to multiply and gradually kills it off. Mr. Muir further stated that he had never found it on sugar cane, but had found it on various grasses and other Cyperaceae. On the other hand, he had observed that the nut- grass is quite as bad in Australia as in Hawaii. Mr. Gififard also mentioned that the Antonina was recorded on bufifalo grass, which is a valuable forage grass in Hawaii. The ques- tion was laid over for further discussion. Mr. Muir stated further that the species on grass brought from Australia is distinct from the one on nutgrass. NOTES AND EXHIBITIONS. Thoracapliis fici. — Mr. Ehrhorn mentioned that this aphid on Ficiis had been known previously and was collected by Dr. Perkins some ten years ago. Amhlychila baroni. — Mr. Giffard exhibited a specimen of this tiger beetle taken in the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, which he was presenting to the H. S. P. A. collection to take the place of the type specimen turned over to the California Academy of Sciences from the Baron and Harford collection. He also spoke of the rarity of this species in collections, and read a few extracts from the writings of Walther Horn con- cerning the latter's quest for it. Corixid from Queensland. — Mr. Muir exhibited specimens of a Corixid which he had collected in North Queensland. He stated that this species is interesting in that it kept down all 474 mosquito larvae in standing water, but that it is not found in temporary pools or puddles. Sternochaetus mangiferac. — Mr. Swezey spoke of the preva- lence of the mang-o weevil during the present season. Thus out of ten mango seeds from Kaimuki he had found all in- fested, and out of ten from Kalauao all were infested. Mr. Wilder stated that he had also noticed that the weevil was very prevalent this year. Fleas on mongoose. — Mr. Swezey exhibited specimens of an unidentified flea found recently on a young mongoose at Manoa Valley. AUGUST 12th. 1920. The 179th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was held in the usual place. Present: Crawford, presiding; Williams, Grinnell, ]\Iuir, Osborn, Swezey, E. H. Bryan, Rosa, and Fullaway. Reading of minutes of previous meeting deferred. A vote of thanks was passed to Mr. Swezey for editing the Proceedings for 1919. ]\Ir. L. A. Whitney was unanimously elected to active mem- bership in the Society. 475 ENTOMOLOGICAL PROGRAM. Preliminary Notes on the Genus Tephritis in Hawaii (Diptera). BY E. H. BRYAN, JR. The Fauna Hawaiiensis records three species of Tephritis in Hawaii. Of these T. crassipcs had been described as Trypeta crassipes by Thomson in KongHg-a Svenska Fregatten Eu- genics Resa Omkring Jorden, part 11, page 583, the Zoological results of the voyage of the Frigate I'Eugenie around the world in 1851-1853. Grimshaw placed this in the genus Tephritis and added the two new species, T. linipidapex and T. cratcricola. February 3, 1910, Mr. Terry, who had done some very valuable work on Hawaiian Diptera, exhibited specimens and read a note on "A New Oahuan Trypetid, Tephritis dubaiitiae," before the Hawaiian Entomological Society. (See Proceedings, H:147, 1912.) This paper was not published at the time, and it, with many other valuable notes, became lost at the time of Mr. Terry's sudden death on November 7, 1911. His specimens, however, have been preserved, and we have endeavored to rede- scribe these, using the original name of Tephritis ditbautiae. In 1906 a specimen of Tephritis, totally distinct from any of these four, was captured in Palolo Valley, the collector be- ing unknown. In 1912 Mr. Swezey added two more specimens, one in Alarch from Kaumuahona and one in September from Pacific Heights on Ditbautia. On November 17. 1918, Mr. Swezey bred three more specimens from Dubaittia taken on Kaumuahona. Although these specimens are not identical in wing pattern, yet in our mind they are similar enough to con- stitute a single species, which we here describe as Tephritis sweaeyi. Another specimen taken August 29, 1918, by Mr. Swezey on Haleakala is similar, but cannot be placed in the same species. All these specimens are characterized by very dark fuscous wings, bearing an irregular number and arrange- ment of hyaline spots. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 476 Kkv to the Hawaiiax Tephritis. a. Wings without large, conspicuous, fuscous spots ; pattern — a simple network ; front purplish ; thorax and abdomen slaty-gray. Tephritis liuipidapcx Grimshav; a'. Wings with two large fuscous spots : the larger extending from costa to 4th longitudinal vein, toward the apex of the wing, beyond the posterior cross-vein, containing one or more small hyaline spots ; smaller fuscous spot in the 3rd sub-costal cell ; spots and margins of wing connected by fuscous network ; front yellow or reddish-brown. b. Legs dark, black or reddish-brown ; abdomen elongate, terminal segments shining black ; antennae black. Tephritis cratericola Grimshaw b'. Legs light, yellow-brown ; abdomen and thorax plum col- ored, with white tomentum ; front and antennae yellowish. c. Size larger (length 4 to 5 mm.); 3rd sub-costal cell with hyaline spot in apex. Tephritis crassipes (Thomson) c'. Size smaller (length 2 to 3 mm.) ; fuscous spot in 3rd sub- costal cell encloses a large hyaline spot in its center, leav- ing only a ring of fuscous. Tephritis dubauliae sp. n. a". Wing entirely dark fuscous, with a variable number and arrangement of hyaline spots; thorax bluish gray, white shagreen, with three darker longitudinal stripes ; abdo- men concolorous, last segment in female shining brown. Tephritis sivezeyi sp. n. Distribution of the Species of Tephritis in Hawaii. TepJirifis crassipes (Thomson). Hawaii: Kona, 4000 ft. {Perkins) \ Pahala, Hakalau {Swe- zey). Kauai: 2000-3000 ft. (Perkins). Oahu: Honolulu (Thomson, B ridwell ) ; Waianae Mts., 3000 ft. (Perkins); Honolulu, on Coreopsis (Terry); 477 Honolulu and Alt. Tantalus (Giffard and Terry) ; Palolo, ex Campylothcca {Sivezey) ; Konahuanui, Alt. Olympus, on Campylotheca, Manoa ex Bidcns, Kuliouou on Lipo- chaeta calycosa, '\lt. Kaala (Tiiiibcrlakc) ; Kaumua- hona {Bridwell). Alaui : Kaupo Gap, 7000 ft., Hana {Terry) ; Haleakala Cra- ter {Terry and Sive::ey) ; Kipahulu {Swe::ey). Tepliriiis cratericola Grimshaw. Maui: Haleakala Crater, from Silver sword {Perkins, Terry and Swezey) ; Gulch near Puu Nianiau, 6200 ft., rim of Haleakala Crater, 8000 ft., swept from Eupa- toriuin {Timherlakc) ; Haleakala, 10,000 ft., ex Raillardia (Rock); Gulch near Puu Nianiau, 6200 ft., ex flower head of green sword {Su'e::ey). Hawaii: Kilauea on Raillardia {Swecey). Tephritis duhautiac sp. n. Oahu: Ohulehule, Koolau Range ex Dubaiitia plantaginea {Terry) ; Wahiawa ex Campylotheca (Forbes) ; Lanihuli {Bridzvell) ; Kaumuahona, Rooke V^alley, Mt. Kaala ex Dubautia {Sweaey). Tephritis swezeyi sp. n. Oahu : Palolo, Olympus, Pacific Heights, Kaumuahona ex Dubautia {Szvezey). Tephritis sp. ]\Iaui : Haleakala {Sweaey). Tephritis dubautiae sp. n. Tephritis dubautiae Terry. Proc. Haw. Eut. Soc. II, p. 147, 1912. (Nomen nudem). Long. 2-3 mm. al. 21/^-3 mm. Front dark cinereous, much excavated between the orbits; orbits lighter, each bearing five bristles. Occiput with single row of pale setae. Face cinereous; proboscis and palpi light yellowish. Antennae yellow-brown, basal joints paler. Thorax bluish-gray, with fine white jiubescence; each side with 9 478 niacrochaetae : — 1 humeral, 1 praesiitcral, 1 notopleiiral, 1 supraalar, 1 interalar, 1 postalar, 2 dorsocentral, 1 scutellar. Abdomen flat; (male) ovate in outline, (female) with long, pointed ovipositor; fuscous or similar to thorax in color, covered with white hairs. Legs entirely yellow-brown; middle tibia spurred. Wings hyaline, with- much lighter fuscous, reticulate pattern than r. crassipes or T. cratericola, but similar to them. The spot in the apex of 3rd sub-costal cell encloses a large hyaline spot, which reduces it to a fuscous ring. The large subquadrate fuscous patch toward the apex of the wing, between the costa and 4th vein, includes from none to 4 small hyaline spots along the costal and apical edges. It sends forth two fuscous rays to the apex, along the 3rd and 4th longitudinal veins, and three toward the posterior border of the wing, (2 crossing middle of 2nd posterior cell and 1 along posterior transverse vein). Eemaining posterior reticulations very pale. Habitat : — Oahu : Ohulehule, ex Dubaittia plantaglnea {Terry); Wahiawa, ex Campylotheca {Forbes); Lanihuli {Bridweli) ; Rooke Valley, Kaunniahona and Mt. Kaala ex Dubaufia {Szvecey). Tephritis swezeyi sp. n. Long. 414-6 mm. al. 5-6 mm. Front fuscous and light brown, vertical triangle purplish, with 3 ocelli shining reddish brown; frontal orbits of eye lighter, each bearing 5 large, black bristles; 2 smaller, forward pointing vertical bristles; occiput with single row of pale setae; proboscis, palpi and cheeks yellow-brown, covered with small black bristles; antennae with the two basal joints yellow- brown, third joint subo^■ate, fuscous, with a dorsal, slightly pubescent arista. Thorax bluish gray, white shagreen and with white pubescence; three more or less distinct, darker longitudinal stripes, much enhanced by the absence of the white pubescence; median stripe narrower and less dis- tinct, scutellum concolorous, with a broad wedge-shaped, darker central band. Ten niacrochaetae on each side as follows: 1 humeral, 1 post- humeral, 1 notopleural, 1 supraalar, 2 dorso central, 2 postalar and 2 large scutellar. Plurae light fuscous, halteres yellow-brown. Legs en- tirely yellow-brown; apex of middle tibia with single large bristle and crown of shorter spines. Abdomen same color as thorax or lighter, covered with white pu- bescence and small black hairs, and with strong black bristles on the margins of the segments and sides. Last segment of female dark brown, shining, longer than two preceding segments, bluntly pointed and covered with fine black hairs. Last segment of male abdomen sheath-like, covering genital segments. Wings fuscous; anterior half darker. Dark fuscous spot in apex of 479 sub-costal cell. Covered with a variable number and arrangement of white spots, the most constant being as follows: Marginal cell with 6-8 small white spots near costa; 1st submarginal cell with 4-6 small spots in basal half and two at apex near costa; 2nd posterior cell lighter fuscous with 6-8 white spots; discal cell with 12-15 white spots of various sizes; 3rd posterior cell with 10-14 large white spots, roundish; anal and axillary cells, which are separated by a short 6th vein, each with 4 large white spots on a light fuscous field. Habitat : — Oahu : Palolo, Olympus, Kaumuahona, and Pa- cific Heights (Swezey). The larvae are found singly in terminal buds of Dubaiitia. Tephritis (Trypeta) crassipes Thomson.* Dark fuscous, bluish gray, head with antennae and feet yellow, wings white, moderately reticulated with fuscous, with 2 large costal spots of blackish-brown including a white spot on the costa, and sending out 2 lateral rays toward the apex of the wing. Habitat : — Honolulu. The ornamentation of the wings similar to T. leontodontis, with the anal cell not at all angulated beneath; scutellum with 2 bristles, front on both sides with a row of 5 bristles, usually distinct. Head as broad as thorax, pale yellow-brown, occiput almost truncate, red-brown over the middle; front a little longer than broad, with 5 bristles on both sides, the epistoma short, furrows of the antennae parallel, sufficiently discrete; peristome somewhat rounded, proboscis short, never jointed, pale; eyes rather large, descending below, frontal orbit directed anteriorly, almost converging, facial ones a little diverging. Antennae short, some- what deflected, bases almost contiguous, pale yellow-brown, 3rd Joint rounded, apical angle slightly obtuse. Thorax fuscous, humeri paler, densely clothed with bluish gray, plum colored pubescence; a pair of dorsal bristles placed a little before the middle; scutellum somewhat acute at the apex with 2 bristles. Wings somewhat hyaline, partly reticulated ; base dotted and streaked with 5-6 brown lines; costal spot fuscous, including a white spot at the apex of the sub-costal cell; obliquely below are 5 or 6 white spots. The superior spots are small, sometimes obsoletely noticeable. The posterior spot somewhat round, dark fuscous, including a little spot adhering to the border at the apical marginal branch. Anterior band and four larger costal spots sending out 2 broad diverging branches toward the apex, including a white spot and sending below two entire branches. Infusca- tion of discal transverse nerve quite broad, 2 whitish spots below cohering with the posterior spot and the common transverse vein. Costal abscission * Translation from Eugenies Eesa, Part II, p. 583, 1868. 480 armeil with two distinct spines; 5th vein half as long again as the 6th; posteosta (sub-costa) reaching the middle of the wing; arms and branches of the cubitus submarginal plainly parallel behind. Transverse vein of the discal cell never behind the middle of the wing, but situated behind the end of the sub-costa, prolonged to the 5th posterior cell. Anal corner almost straight below. Abdomen fuscous, covered with bluish, faun-colored pubescence and short, pale, depressed hairs. Apex of 5th segment decorated with 6 black spines; 6th segment of the female shining black, depressed, twice as long as the preceding. Feet rather powerful, pale yellow brown. An- terior femora fitted below with 4 or 5 bristles. On Some Delphacidae from South India (Homoptera). BY F. MUIR. Through the khidness of Air. E. A. Butler I have received a small but interesting collection of Delphacidae made by Dr. T. V. Campbell in British India. It consists of eight genera and ten species, one genus and four species of which I con- sider as new. Columbisoga camphelli was taken at an eleva- tion of 8000 feet in South India, and its nearest ally is known from 10,500 feet in Columbia, South America. My thanks are due to Dr. Campbell and Mr. Butler for the collection. Measurements are from the apex of vertex to apex of abdo- men, and from the base to apex of one tegmen. The types have been deposited in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station, Honolulu. Tropidocephalini. Tropidocephala signata (Distant). Orchesma signata Distant (1912) A. M. N. H. (8). IX, p. 192; (1916) Fatm. Brit. Ind. Rhynchota VI, p. 142. f. 102. Two female specimens from Chikkaballapura, South India {T. V. Campbell). As the genus Tropidocephala stands at present I am unable to separate it from Orchesma. Distant (1916 t. c. p. 465) uses Proe. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 481 the proportion of Itngth to breadth of the face, but as this varies with the length of the vertex, it is of no generic vahie. The species in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Plant- ers' Association, Honolulu, can be divided as follows : a. Apex of face truncate, no keel dividing the face from clypeus : clypeus in profile in line with face or but slightly angled. T. hrunnipennis: dryas: f estiva: saccJiarivorclla: neo- gracilis; afrafa : nigrocacuminis; malayana; hntlcri: indica. b. Apex of face rounded, the lateral carinae continuing to middle and forming a carina between face and clypeus : clypeus in profile nearly at right angle to face. T. auihoiuensis ; sac- charicola; neoelegans : neoaiuboinoisis: bagiiioeiisis: psciido- bagiiioensis: fonnosana : signata. I have not seen flaviceps Stal, the type of the genus, so I cannot say into which of the groups it will fall, and Stal's description gives no indication. Fieber ^ in describing the genus as based upon elegans Costa, says: "Front transversalement convex audessus du clypeus," which would very well describe the condition found in group B. If flaz'lceps belongs to group A and elegans to group B, then it might be convenient to use Costa's genus Nepliropsia. The type of Orchesma Mel., mar- ginepunctaia Mel., comes into group A. Until these three types have been compared and adequate distinctions pointed out, I shall group them all under the one name. Tripidocephala butleri sp. n. Male. Maeropterous ; vertex three times the length of pronotuni, carinae of vertex large, face slightly narrowed near base between eyes, apex truncate, no carina dividing it from clypeus; carina across gena obscure; clypeus rounded, tumid, without carinae; a distinct carina from behind eye to tegula making the pronotum 5-carinate. Pygofer in profile entire, very shallowly emarginate on dorsal edge, medio-ventral edge deeply and roundly emarginate with the corners slightly produced and a small spine-like projection from the bottom of the emargination; anal segment small, hind margin straight all round, a single, strong, curved spine arising on right side near base and lying along side the aedeagus; the latter is semitubular, thickest at base, curved and slightly recurved at apex; genital styles similar to those of Eev. Mag. Zool. 1875 (3). Ill, p. 368. 482 T. saccharicola Muir,i broadest at base where there is a small projection, situated far within the pygofer. Orange buff' or light cadmium orange, carinae of vertex and thorax lighter with a small fuscous mark on each side of median carina at apex of vertex; apex of first joint of antennae and two rings on second fuscous; apices of genital styles black. Tegmina hyaline, light cadmium over cross veins and median portion of apical cells, a narrow, faint mark from middle of costal cell to apical portion of clavus and over apical portion of claval cells, a black spot at apex of first and second subcosta, radius and first media, a black mark on hind margin beyond clavus broken by the light Cu la; veins light, granules fairly numerous, white, bearing white macrotrichia; wings hyaline with brown veins. Length, 2.8 mm.; tegmen, 3.4 mm. Female; macropterous. In color light green in place of cadmium orange. Tegmina hyaline with exceedingly faint or no markings, the black spots at apex of subcosta, radial and first media minute; no dark mark on hind margin beyond clavus. Length, 3.3 mm.; tegmen, 3.4 mm. Described from three males and three females from Kodai Kanal, South India (T. J\ Campbell). Type No. 1024. Tropidocephala indica sp. n. Male. Macropterous; vertex 1.4 times the length of pronotum; pronotum 5-carinate the shoulder carinae from back of eyes to tegulac distinct; no carina dividing frons from clypeus. Genitalia on the same plan as T. hutleri, the medio-ventral emargina- tion of pygofer wider with the projection at bottom larger and broader; the genital styles more slender and the apex turned nearly at right angle, the basal projection larger with its apex long and acute ; anal spine thin and curved. Cadmium orange; carinae lighter, the medium carinae of vertex and nota distinctly edged with black ; apex of first and two thin rings on second antennal joints black; the projection at bottom of medio-ventral emargination of pygofer, the apices of genital styles and the spine-like projection at base, black. Tegmina hyaline, slightly tinged with eadmivmi orange, veins slightly darker, granules fairly numerous, irregular and bearing dark macrotrichia; wings hyaline, veins brown. Length, 2.2 mm.; tegmen, 3.2 mm. Female; macropterous. Similar to male but the color less bright, nearer to raw sienna. Length, 2.7 mm.; tegmen, 3.2 mm. Described from two males and two females, the type couple from Kodai Kanal, the others from Devuaga Drug, South India {T. V. Campbell). Type No. 1025. iProc. Haw. Soc. IL 5, (1913). PI. 6, figs. 7, 7a. 483 The above described species differ from all others of the genus that I am acquainted with by having a distinctly 5- carinate pronotum. Columbisoga gen. n. figs. 1, 2, 3. Type camphelU. Width of vertex at base but slightly greater than length, apex half the width of base, sides straight, apex projecting angularly in middle showing the small V at base of face, an obscure, simple carina down middle, a small pit on each side near base; base of vertex sinuous, about middle of eyes; length of face three times the width, widest in middle, sides slightly arcuate, lateral carinae distinct, median carina with a minute fork at base which projects beyond vertex in dorsal view; transverse carina on gena distinct; clypeus tricarinate on basal two thirds, curved on apical third; antennae barely leaching base of clypeus, both joints terete, second joint twice the length of first, first slightly enlarged at apex; pronotum tricarinate, lateral carinae convergingly curved, reaching hind margin, a small pit on each side near middle; mesonotum tricarinate; hind femora not reaching to apex of abdomen, much shorter than tibia, tarsi shorter than tibiae, first tarsus about equal to the other two together, spur nearly as long as first tarsus, thick, concave on inner surface, a small tooth on apex, none on hind margin. M'edia touching both radius and cubitus; forking of subcosta and radius and the forking of cubitus about the same level. This genus belongs to the Tropidocephalini and comes near to Columbiana Muir ^ and Sogatopsis Muir,- but nearer the former. It can be distinguished from Colmnhiana by its longer and narrower face, by the shape of the vertex which has an obscure, simple median carina and no Y, and by the lateral carinae of the pronotum curving inward and reaching the hind margin. Sogatopsis can be distinguished from it by the angular basal joint of antenna, the rounded apex of vertex, shorter face, and the presence of a cross-vein between the media and radius and media and cubitus. Columbisoga campbelli sp. n. figs. 1, 2, 3. Male. Macropterous; light chestnut, lighter over carinae of vertex and thorax, especially the median carinae; abdomen darker. Tegmina dark chestnut except the hyaline spot over the middle of median and extending into radial cell, and hyaline in first four apical cells; veins 1 Can. Ent. 1919, p. 3.'. figs. 6-a, 7-a. 2 Pro. Tfaw. PJnt. Soe. IT. 5. (1913) p. 247 484 darker witli many irregular, small granules bearing black macrotrichia; wings hyaline with dark veins. Pygofer with edge entire,- opening about as wide as long; anal segment small, without spines; styles small, obliquely truncate at apex, narrowed slightly in middle with a small projection near base; aedeagus Coluw'bisoga campheUi. 1. Dorsal view of .head and pronotum. 2. Lateral vieAV of genitalia. 3. Left genital style. large, slightly compressed laterally, broadest at base, strongly curved before middle, the apex rounded, a strong curved spine arises from the dorsal edge of the base, curves over and lies along the left side. Length, 2.8 mm.; tegmen, 4.2 mm. Female; macropterous. Similar to male but lighter in color, especially the tegmen; the granules along veins light in color. Length, 3.5 mm.; tegmen, 5.2 nmi. Described from two specimens from Dodabetta Hill, Ootoka- mtmd, Nilgiri Hills, South India, elevation 8000 feet. On bamboo (T. V. Camphell). Type No. 1026. Pundaluoya emesti (Kirby). One male and one female from Chikkaballapura, South India ( T. [^ Camphell). The female is considerably lighter in color than the male and confirms my remarks elsewhere ^ that P. simplex (Kirby) is only the light colored female of P. emesti. 1 Can. Ent. (1919) p. 7. 485 Delphacini. Perkinsiella insignis (Distant). Pundaluoya insignis Distant (1912) A. M. N. H. (8). IX, p. 190; (1916) Faun. Brit. Ind. Rhynchota VI, p. 135; Muir (1919) Can. Ent., p. 7. One male specimen from Chikkaballapura, South India. The medio-ventral edge of pygofer forming a plate with each apical comer drawn out into a short, flat spine ; the anal spines long and thin reaching nearly to base of genital styles which are slightly curved. Phyllodinus pulchellus (Distant). Pundaluoya pukhclla Distant (1912) t. c. p. 190; (1916) t. c. p. 135 ; Muir Can. Ent. 1919, p. 7. One female specimen from Chikkaballapura, South India {T. V. Campbell). Sardia campbelli sp. n. Male. Macropterous ; head greatly produced in front, vertex half the length of thorax and abdomen, base slightly wider than apex, lateral carinae well developed, an obscure median carina on basal fourth faintly furcate at apex; frons long and narrow, lateral margins carinate and subparallel to near base where they become obscure, the lateral carinae of vertex contined on to middle of frons separate to middle where they form a single carina, in lateral view apex truncate, a carina from front of eye to near apex where it becomes obscurely fused with lateral carina of frons; clypeus small, tricarinate, curved at apex; antennae small, reaching base of clypeus, basal joint about as long as wide, second joint about double the length of first. Pronotum tricarinate, lateral carinae convergingly curved, not quite reaching hind margin. Tibial spur large, thin, laminate, with many small teeth on hind margin. Black; antennae, legs and base of abdomen yellow or light brown. Tegmina black or deep fuscous, veins slightly darker with minute granules bearing black macrotrichia ; wings lighter fuscous with dark veins. Pygofer opening about as wide as long, margins entire, dorsal emargination deep with the anal segment sunk into it; anal spines slen- der, near together at base but not contiguous; genital styles flat, short, truncate at apex. Length, 3 mm.; tegmen, 2.7 mm. 486 Described from three specimens, one of them, the type, from Coonoor, Nilgiri Hills, 5000 feet elevation, and two from Lovedale, Nilgiri Hills, 7500 feet elevation, on grass in marshy places. Type No. 1027. I have taken Australian species in a similar situation in the lowlands. Female. Brachypterous ; vertex only one-third the length of thorax and abdomen. The median carina of face simj^le, otherwise the carina- tioli similar to the male. Tegmina reaching to posterior margin of sixth abdominal segment, rounded at apex. Color similar to male but lighter, the carinae of head and thorax brown. Tegmina brownish with similarly colored veins. Length, 2.8 ram.; tegmen, 1.2 mm. Described from two females from Kodai Kanal, South India. It is possible that they are the females of a distinct species, but only the capture of the male wijl settle the C|uestion. There is a tendency for species of this genus to vary in the length of the head and this one only differs from the genotype in the amount of the elongation. Gelastocephalus fasciatus (Distant). Akilas fasciatus Dist. (1916) Faun. Brit. Ind. Rhynchota, VI, p. 138, f. 99. One female from Kodai Kanal, South India (T. J\ Camp- bell J. After comparing it with the type of Gclasiochcphalus Kirk. I can find no generic differences. The length and shape of the tegmina in these brachypterous specimens is not of generic value. Megamelus furcifera (Horv.). One male and one female, the former from Chikkaballapura and the latter from Mandidrug, South India (T. J\ Campbell). 487 A Dermestid Infesting Garden Seeds (Col.). I'.V O. H. SWEZEV. June 4, 1920. In a tin biscuit box (8" x 9" x 7y) in which Dr. H. L. Lyon had garden seeds stored, were found great numbers of a Dermestid * beetle. The garden seeds of various kinds had been placed in the box in 1918, late in the year. According to Dr. Lyon the box had not been opened during the intervening time. It is impossible to account for the great abundance of beetles, except that a very few unnoticed speci- mens were in one or more of the packages of seeds at the time when put in in 1918. The box was closed sufficiently tight so that it hardly seems possible that any beetles could have got in, especially as there was nothing which would seem to be attractive to them. The box and contents were put in a fumigating box and fumigated with carbon bisulphide and all beetles killed before a thorough examination of contents w'as made. Among the packages of seeds were several that had not been opened, having come from W. Atlee Burpee & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Others had been opened at some time and probably some of the contents used. They were mostly in paper packages but two or three were in cloth bags. The seeds badly eaten were sweet corn, both in package and on the ear. The embryo part of the kernels was first eaten, then considerable of the starchy portion as well, so that there were only fragments of the kernels left. Yellow field corn was not so badly eaten, nor white Guam corn. Other seeds badly eaten were : — Mile maize, tomato, ground almond, carrot, martynia, fordhook squash and bachelor button. Seeds only slightly eaten : — Peas, radish, alfalfa, papaia, Swiss chard, Russian sunflower. * Specimens were later sent to Dr. E. C. Van Dyke who determined it as Eucnocerus antJirenoides Sharp (?), a species found in Mexico and Panama. (Ed.) Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 488 Only broken seeds eaten : — Pumpkin and pole lima bean. Seeds not eaten : — Golden wax bean, black wax bean, white egg-formed gourd, beet, bauhinia, red sunflower, climbing mallow and salsify. This Dermestid had not previously come to our notice, but Mr. Timberlake finds that he has a specimen taken last year, probably at the Experiment Station laboratory. We are unable at present to distinguish the species, there being several species that are very similar. New Maui Records. BY O. H. SWEZEY. Chrysopa sp. — The undetermined immigrant first recorded in Honolulu in 1919. Lahaina, July 6, 1920. Two reared from larvae on Cassia gaudichaudii infested with a mealybug. Pseudo- coccus virgatus. Puunene, July 9, 1920. A larva seen on cane leaf infested with Aphis sacchari. Epyris extranea. — Hana, July 14. Taken on window. Pre- viously known in middle and west part of Maui. Megachile timherlakei. — 2 males at Puunene, July 9. Trypoxylon bicolor. — Waihee, July 11; Tao Valley, July 12; Keanae, July 17. Hydrohius sp. — lao \'alley, July 12. Caryobonis gonager. — Lahaina in Tamarind pods, July 6. NOTES AND EXHIBITIONS. Rhyncogonus hlackburni. — Mr. Williams recorded the cap- ture of 27 adults of this weevil on Scaevola chauiissoniana on a hillock in Monoa Valley August 1, 1920. Heretofore they have usually been taken sparsely. They had been feeding on the Scaevola leaves and some were copulating. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 489 Silaon rohweri. — Islv. Williams recorded finding a nest of this wasp in a cactus twig, part of the hedge around the grounds of Punahou College, Honolulu, July 20th, 1920. Five adults emerged later. Cyrtorhuuts niundiilus (Bred.). — IMr. IMuir stated that this predacious bug was introduced into Honolulu on June 21, 1920, to prey upon the eggs of Perkinsiclla. The first liberation was on July 12th, 1920, at Ewa. Three weeks later recently hatched young were found. ■^Nesitlunysns n. sp. — Mr. Swezey exhibited a specimen of an undescribed species of this recently described genus of Cerambycidae. The beetle was picked up by Mr. Chas. Haas on the upper part of the Wahiawa trail July 4, 1920. It will be the second species of this genus, the first species, bridzveUi, being from ]\It. Kaala of the Waianae Range. ^Nesithniysus n. sp. — Mr. E. H. Bryan exhibited a specimen of another species of this newly described genus, which was captured by C. N. Forbes on Pclca on the west bank of Hai- puaena stream. East Maui, elevation about 3100 feet, June 29th, 1920. Ticks. — Mr. Bryan exhibited a long series of ticks caught by Mr. Stokes, who said they were infesting his dog's ears in Kaimuki, July 11th, 1920. He reported that the larger ones were slow, sluggish, and deeply imbedded in the flesh, making their removal difficult ; the smaller ones were very lively and difficult to catch. Phora sp. — Mr. Bryan exhibited a series of a species of Phoridae which were bred from a bottle of landshells, genus Aiiriculella, collected along Haipuaena stream, East Maui, June 29th, 1920. The bottle had been filled with alcohol, which subsequently leaked out. Whether the maggots lived through the alcoholic period or got in afterward is not known, although the bottle M^as tightly stoppered and was carried in a cigar box. Nesotocus giffardi. — Mr. Swezey exhibited two specimens of this large weevil which he had cut out of a Chcirodendron * These two species are described by Dr. Perkins on pages 503, 504 of this issue. (Ed.) 490 tree on the crest of the ridge where the Wahiawa-Kahana trail crosses the Koolau Range, July 4th, 1920. This is an extension of the range of this species. It had not previously been taken beyond the ridge on the west side of Nuuanu Valley. SEPTEMBER 2nd, 1920. The 180th meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was held at the usual place. Dr. Williams presided ; other members present were Messrs. Giffard, Muir, Ehrhorn, Willard, and Fullaway. Minutes of the previous meeting were read and approved. Mr.. Muir reported on the Scientific Congress in Honolulu. ENTOMOLOGICAL PROGRAM. Recent Observations on Plagithmysus Spp. and Nesotocus Munroi at Kilauea Hawaii (Coleoptera). (Witli cxhil)ition of specimens) BY W. M. GIFFARD. Numerous specimens of Plai:;ithiiiystis and of Xcsotocus munroi were recently collected by the writer during a short summer visit to some of the forest regions at Kilauea, Hawaii. These regions were all within a radius of approximately two and a half miles of the Volcano House, and included areas in the dry, intermediate, and wet forests. In addition are shown several single specimens taken at large and otherwise on pre- vious visits to Kilauea. Examples of all but the commonest of these will be sent to Dr. R. C. L. Perkins for final determination of the species so that they may, if possible, be added to our reference collec- tions. The exhibit included the following species : Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 491 Plagithmysits danviniauits attached to Sophora chrysophylla. varians " Acacia koa. bishopi " " Pclea sp., also taken run- ning- on Xanthoxyliim sp. ■z'itticoUis " " Perrottetia sandivicensis. giffardi " " Suitoiiia sp. lamarckianMs " Piptitrus albidiis. bilineatus " " Mctrosidcros sp. perkinsi " " Myoporum sandzvicense. blackburni * " " Sopliora chrysopliylla. Z'itticoUis ** var. longulns " " Bobca clatior. Two very desirable species viz.: P. sulphuresccns and P. z'iciniis, captured in these forest regions by Dr. Perkins, were not observed and have yet to be re-taken in this and adjacent country. No examples of either of these last-named species are in local collections. P. sulphuresccns is said to be attached to a species of Urcra, and P. zncinus to a species of Pelea. While the series of P. vitticollis exhibited were undoubt- edly attached to a Perrottetia f when captured, yet this species has been taken before, somewhere in the neighborhood of Kilauea, on akala (Rubus macraei), and is so recorded. Fur- ther observation of Rubus hazvaiicnsis and Rubus macraei should be made by those who search for our native longicorns in and around Kilauea. At Kilauea, P. varians, P. bilineatus, and P. darzvinianus appear to be the most common of all the species in the region, although most of the others are not uncommon when the trees to which they are attached are found to be in the right con- dition for attack. Heretofore P. perkinsi, P. Z'itticoUis, P. giffardi. and P. lamarckianus have been found by the writer to be the least abundant in individuals. No doubt the rare P. sulphurescens and P. vicinus will be taken in similar numbers * The series of this species was taken in North Kona. It has not as yet been taken at Kilauea. ** This was taken in the dense wet forest in upper Puna. f Taken from three trees in dying eondition, all near each other. 492 when the right tree and region is discovered. P. vitticollis var. longiilus so far as learned in previous years from Dr. Perkins, is quite common on Bohea in the dense wet forests of Puna. The few visits made by the writer in this particular region have not been very successful in so far as securing a series oi that species. This, perhaps, is due to the large clearings which have been made in that forest region by homesteaders and farmers during late years, as well as to the fact that special search for longicorns has not been attempted by the writer up to the present time. The forests in the Puna region have, for the reason stated above, receded to such an extent as to make them in a large measure almost inaccessible in a day's outing from the Volcano House. The fact that P. blackburni has not, so far as known, been seen or captured in the neighborhood of Kilauea, but only on the Kona slopes of Mauna Loa, and that it is attached, in the latter region, to the same tree as P. darwinianns is at Kilauea, is of interest. Perhaps it may be possible to secure some information as to this, as well as to all the other Kilauea species of Plagithmysus, from Dr. Perkins, and also secure from him an example of snlphurescens and of vicinns, both of which are badly needed in our reference collections. The same may be said of certain species from other islands. The large series of Nesotocus munroi were all taken in the wet forest ofif Cheirodendron gaudichandii growing in a recently burned area on a new homestead. The two trees observed were in a scorched and dying condition and in perfect condition for these insects, to which they are well known to be attached. A fair series of extraordinary large males were taken on one of the trees, without females, and the males seen in copula on the other trees were all of the ordinary size. The series repre- sents both sexes about equally. The writer has visited scores and scores of Cheirodendron trees in the neighborhood of the wet forests at Kilauea during recent years, but he never found these attacked by Nesotocus when the tree was in a healthy condition. The same may be said of all trees to which Plagifh- mvsus are attached. 493 Notes on Hawaiian Plagithmysides and Anobiides (Col.) with Descriptions of New Species.* BV R. C. L. PERKINS. The following notes have been made on examination of a small, but very interesting collection of Hawaiian Longicorns, submitted to me by Mr. O. H. Swezey, the greater number of the specimens being from the collection of Mr. W. M. Giffard. In most cases the trees from which the species were obtained have been carefully noted, but a considerable number of speci- mens were taken at large. The numbers attached to Mr. Giffard's captures are here quoted, but the order is not pre- served, because the same species is sometimes sent under num- bers that are not consecutive, owing to the different circum- stances under which the individuals were obtained. 1. A dark specimen of Plagithiiiysus hlackhurni taken on bastard sandal wood (Myoporinn sandivicense) on the high plateau (6000 ft) Puulehua, Kona, Hawaii, by J. F. Rock. Mr. Giffard's note says, "It was probably only restiug on that tree." This is likely to be correct, as the species is common on Mamani (Sophora chrysophylla) in the neighborhood, being attached to that tree, and I have taken specimens on the wing on the plateau. Dark examples occur also on Soplwra with the paler ones. 16. Three examples of a series taken on Mamani (Sophora chrysophylla) at Puuwaawa, N. Kona, Hawaii, are also P. hlackhurni and are quite similar to my own from that locality and from Mauna Loa. 17. Three examples from a series taken on Mamani (Sophora chrysophylla) near Kilauea, Hawaii (4000 ft) are rightly named P. darwinianus, and three others from a series of twelve (No. 15) taken from a dead tree, which could not be identified, but was not Sophora, are also typical specimens of the same. Under ( 19 ) are two examples of darunnianns from a series of Plagithmysus taken on XantJioxylum dipctalum * This paper by Dr. Perkins (dated Jan. 14, 1921) was received before going to press and is very appropriately included here. (Ed.) Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 494 in the above named district (the series consisting of darivhuanns and bisliopi mixed) and under (20) four other individuals from another series found on the same species of tree are also darzmniamis. Whether this series consisted entirely of the latter or partly of bisliopi I do not know. In July. 1906. I obtained one or two specimens of darwinianns on a dying Xanthoxylum tree which was full of Plagithmysus larvae. The tree was decaying and the bark gave out a strong odor. From material carried away I subsequently bred a series of P. hishopi, nine examples of which series I still possess. No specimen of darwinianus was bred, and I thought it probable that those I took were merely attracted by the scent, the species being abundant on Sophora near by, but Mr. Giffard's expe- riences lead one to suspect the probability of its breeding both on Sophora and Xanthoxylmn. 14. Three examples of P. hishopi, being part of a series taken on Peiea cinerca near Kilauea, are quite ordinary, as also are two taken on Xanthoxyluui from a series of mixed darwinianus and bisliopi referred to above under (19). The series that I bred from the latter tree showed no differences whatever from another series (also bred) from Pclca. 13. The larger specimen taken at 1800 ft. Olaa, 19 miles from Hilo, Hawaii, resting on ]\Iamake (Piptiiriis alhidnsj, is a not uncommon variety of P. lauiarckianiis. in which the pubescent lines of the elytra are yellow and very wide basally, so that the insect closely resembles snlphurcscens in appearance. It is, however, perfectly distinct from this, and lauiarckianiis, so far as I know, always has red antennae in this variety, while in sulphurescens they are black. Sharp has specially alluded (F. H. II, p. Ill) to the alliance between these species. 13a. The second and smaller example is of the more black- legged variety, but also has flavescent lines of pubescence, and was taken on Siittonia — "no doubt an accidental cai)ture" — at 3800 ft., Olaa. The flavescent color of the lines in laiiiarckianus is not a constant character of the species. I have myself bred specimens from the same piece of Piptiirits both with pure white and with flavescent lines, and no doubt these soon fade to white, so that the latter color is likelv to be more usual in 495 captured examples. In other species (e. g. z'itticollis) yellow hairs are sometimes substituted for white. 18. Five examples of P. giffardi from a very long series obtained on dying Suttonia (Myrsinc of Hillebrand's Flora) agree entirely with those that I obtained at a rather higher elevation and a few miles distant on the same tree. Mr. Giffard's great series, he informs me, exhibits no variation except in the color of the hairs of the hind tibiae, which is usual, and therefore no approach is made to the closely allied P. siilphttrcscensr which is attached to Urcra. The species is remarkably constant. 11. Three examples from Olaa, 29 miles from Hilo on the way to Kilauea, being part of a large series collected on dying trees of Pcrrottctia sandwicensis, are typical P. vitticoUis (except that in one the pubescent spots are yellow) as also is (9), one taken at large in the same locality (8) is a very unusual variety with the femora wholly red and (12) found on a dead Piptitnis tree, standing near those of Pcrrottet'ia above mentioned, is a variety with the elytra to a large extent yellowish brown and the antennae, except the apical joints, similarly pale. This example does not differ much from a varietv in the original series of vitticoUis, captured by me on Ruhus at a considerably higher elevation, and now in the col- lection at the British ^Museum. The original specimens described by Dr. Sharp were all obtained from the native Ruhus. on the stems of which the)' were running, and several of them were in copula. Later I took casual examples on the wing or settled on leaves or ferns in the forest about a mile and a half below the volcano along the Hilo road. Frequent search of the native Rubus there ( imported species were not then evident ) failed to yield the beetle and almost certainly those that I caught were stragglers from trees of Pcrrottciia. as \lr. Giffard's observations in the same locality would show. 7. A single specimen taken in Olaa, 19 miles from Hilo. on Bobea clatior, is P. vitticoUis var. longulus of the ordinary * The fig. in Fauna Haw. was, T believe, drawn from a (liffarcii included in the series of fiulpliitri'scens. 496 form. This variety was observed by me in great numbers in the same district, as well as in other parts of Puna and in the Hilo district, breeding- always in Bobca, but in no other tree. No conspicuous variations were observed except that one exam- ple had the legs entirely black, and this occurred among numbers of ordinary individuals. * 5 and 6. Three examples from above Waimea, Kauai, at elevations of 3300, 3500, and 4000 ft., each taken at large, are exactly similar to those taken by myself on Ohia-ha, in which they were observed ovipositing, and with those given me by Mr. G. C. Munro. which are now in the British Museum. Ex- cept in size and depth of coloring the species does not seem to vary greatly. 6a. Two examples taken by Mr. H. T. Osborn at Kokee, Kaui. and labeled P. miinroi, agree with the original specimens. One of these was taken on ohia lehua and probably this is the food plant. As in P. aequalis the femora are either black or red. 4. A single example of P. aequalis from Kaholuamano, Kauai, is a typical specimen of the red-legged form. It was taken at large, but the species is entirely attached to Acacia koa, in the bark of which I have seen very large numbers ovipositing. 3. A single example taken "at large" at Kaholuamano, Kauai, is P. ignotiis, originally discovered by Mr. G. C. Munro at a considerably lower elevation. Its food plant still remains unknown. The only specimens known have red femora, but whether the species is constant in this, like concolor, or variable, like niunroi, aequalis, and arachnipes, remains to be discovered. These Kauai species bear a very great superficial resemblance to one another, and even the larger concolor might in the case of smaller and darker individuals be easily confused in the field, if captured away from its food plant. The following table will distinguish the species on characters, which are visible to the naked eye and can be used by the collector. * Exact determinations not given by Dr. Perkins. I suppose he means these to be P. munroi. (\V. M. Giffard.) 497 Table for Separation of Kauai Plagithmysus. 1 (2) Metepisterna with a general clothing of fine white hairs, which do not form one or more very dense, definite, and conspicuous spots, though often more dense at the apex than elsewhere. (Hind femora rufescent, never black; the largest species.) ...............•..••••..■•.. concolor. 2 (1) Metepisterna with a very dense and definite tomentose spot at the apex and sometimes one at the base, or else very densely covered over all or nearly all the surface. 3 (4) Hind femora with a very long, pallid (almost white) basal stalk, which is nearly half the length of the whole joint; surface of metepisterna concealed entirely (or' almost so) beneath dense short hair or tomentum arachnipes* . 4 (3) Hind femora with the stalk sometimes not thus pallid, or if so, then only about one-third the length of the joint; mete- pisterna with a dense tomentose spot at the apex and some- times another at the base, but the middle bare. .5 (8) A single dense tomentose spot on the metepisterna at the apex, the rest bare. (N. B. There may be a spot on the ■ mesopleura also.) 6 (7) Longitudinal stripes on either side of pronotal crest indistinct to the naked eye (the crest itself being covered with minute white hairs) ; pubescense along the suture of the posterior half of the elytra practically continuous, not forming dis- distinct, separate spots .aequalis. 7 (6) Longitudinal stripes of pronotum quite distinct to the naked eye; pubescence along the suture of the posterior part of the elytra forming distinct separate spots or flecks munroi. 8 (5) Metepisterna with a dense conspicuous spot in front and another behind (apically). (Along the suture posteriorly the pubescense is broken up into separate spots, placed in a single row, while the basal part of the elytra is pubescent, but the hairs there are not grouped into well separated distinct spots, as they are in munroi) .................•..••..•■..••••..■•••..•• ignotus. The species of the blackburni group which occur on Hawaii, being subject to much variation in several cases, can generally * These characters were taken from females, the only sex before me when the table was written. The female in this species is not like its allies in superficial appearance, but the male resembles them very closely. 498 be easily distinguished by the characters given in the following table. Very large numbers of all these species have passed through my hands but I cannot remember to have seen any doubtful specimen, although many have borne no indication of the food plant. No doubt extreme aberrations of some of the species may be found, which might not be distinguished by the table. Owing to the great variability in the size of the indi- viduals, so far as possible the characters of different species should be compared in examples of about equal size, where the characters are comparative. ■ Table for Distinguishing Blackburni Group of Plagithmysus. 1 (10) Pubescont lines of the elytra rarely yellow and wide and in that case the antennae have more than the scape reil. 2 (3) Elytra without distinct black or dark fuscous color between the furcation formed by the pubescent lines; antennae black, the scape at most sometimes more or less red. (Elytra often entirely pale externally to the pubescent lines, more rarely these are margined with black outwardly; hind femora in one common variety conspicuously red on the apical portion, black in the middle, and unlike any other species in this case) variai\s. 3 (2) Elytra distinctly black or very dark colored in the furcation; antennae often wholly or largely red (sometimes dull, dark red) but in extreme cases only the second joint is of this color. 4 (7) Hind femora wholly red, sometimes suffused with black, apically at the sides, but on the upper side the red extends to the apex. 5 (6) Basal joints of the antennae with the black, bristly hairs long, dense and conspicuous; usual food plant Sopliora darwinianus. 6 (5) Basal antennal joints evidently less setose. (When series are placed side by side the present species appears to have the elytra evidently wider at the base than the preceding and its food plant is Pipturus.) lamarcManus ab. 7 (4) Hind femora either largely or wholly black except the basal stalk, or at least with a considerable portion at the apex entirely black, even on the upper surface. 499 8 (9) Basal joints of the antennae with dense and very conspicuous bristly black hairs; hind femora normally black (except the basal stalk) and partially red-legged examples infrequent. (On Soplwra, Kona side of Hawaii) blncJcbimii. 9 (8) Antennae evidently less strongly setose, examples with largely red hind femora are common, though perhaps more are like typical hlachhurni. (Pubescent lines of elytra either white or distinctly yellow being variable; food plant Pipturus) lamarcl-ianus. 10 (1) Antennae black or practically so throughout, except that in some examples the scape is pitchy or, more rarely, distinctly red; the pubescent lines on the elytra yellow and wide, not or hardly furcate at the base, though the basal edge is emarginate. 11 (1-) Elytra yellow or rufescent basally and at the sides. (Food plant Urera.) siilphurescens. 12 (11) Elytra yellow at the sides as far forward as the base of the yellow pubescent marking or somewhat in advance of this, but black above from the base of this marking to the base of the elytra themselves. (Food plant Suttonia.) giffardi. P. v'ltiicollis is best distinguished from the var. longnlus by the dense white clothing- of the hind tarsi, that of the latter being black, sometimes with a few white hairs mixed, just as the other may have a few black ones. In life, vitficollis always appeared to me a brighter insect, owing, I think, to the rather greater development of the yellow pronotal stripes. So far as is known the var. longulus never produces varieties with more or less yellow elytra. The species of Plagitlimysus which are attached to Pelea, whether on Hawaii or other islands, are always distinguishable from the members of the blackburni group at the merest glance by the deep velvety black spot in the furcation of the pubescent lines of the elytra, which to my eyes gives them a more pleas- ing appearance than the others. The following form appears to be either a new species or at least a new race of P. zncinus Sh. Originally I possessed a small series of this new form, but having given away specimens under the name vicinus, I now have only a pair left. It was found on a species of 500 Pelea in N. Kona, but in a drier locality and a good many miles from the spot where the typical viciniis occurred. Plagithmysus frater sp- n. Eed, the head above obscure red or reddish black, the face black. Antennae dark red or blackish red. Pronotum entirely red, the median crest appearing more or less darker, and there is a broad, dark, longitudinal band on each side in dorsal aspect, but even here the surface is not black, though darkened. Elytra red, with the usual dark velvety spot in the furcation of the pubescent lines which are subfiavescent ; beneath the dense black hairs, which form the velvety spot, the surface is red as elsewhere. Legs red, the apices of the femora black, the tarsi with very dense snow-white hairs, the hind tibiae with very dense black hairs, which are directed backwards and not long. Pronotum with the vittae on either side of the crest broad, but very feebly developed or indistinct. The hairs being minute and not very dense, entirely different from the vittae of bishopi. Consequently to the naked eye the greater part of the pronotum in dorsal aspect appears greyish on a red surface, the grey color divided by a narrow darker line. Antennae with the setae very dense, black and bristly. The base of the elytra is very densely, rugosely punctured, consitlerably more so than in several examples of hishopi, with which it was directly compared. Size of bishopi. Probably closer to viciinis, which has a black pronotum and differs in other respects. So far as 1 can judge without dissecting, the examples are males. Hab. — N. Kona, Hawaii, about 3C0O ft., on Pelea sp. Per- haps no more than a local race of z'icinus. The tvpe is in my collection. Plagithmysus decorus sp. n. Black, the femora entirely red (except for the j)aler basal stalk) as in P. elegans, the antennae dark red basally, the more apical joints of a dark fuscous color, the setae on the basal joints not strongly developed. Pronotum black on about the middle third or more in dorsal aspect, the rest densely covered with minute yellow hairs, the dorsal and lateral vittae of ordinary species having merged into one broad band as in elegans; on the sides beneath this band the surface is bare and as densely punctured as possible. Elytra very densely and rugosely punctuate on the basal part, more so than in vitticollis, which the species considerably resembles in the pattern of spots, and with this sculpture extending farther back, the white spots along the upturned lateral margin much more developed and almost forming a continuous line. Size probably less than the average of vitticollis. 501 Hab. — Olaa, Hawaii, near Kilauea (29 miles from Hilo) in the forest. The unique example of this beautiful species was taken "at large" by Mr. W. M. Giffard in August, 1913, and is in his collection. This specimen has a slight bare mark in the yellow pronotal bands and this may be due to abrasion, as the hairs of the tibiae and tarsi appear to have been wet. This bare mark is not present in my bred elegans. It is No. 10 in the consignment of species. 21. Six examples of P. acstivns from Kalamaula, Molokai, taken in April, 1907, I must have seen previously, as I have a note of their occurrence. They differ in no wise from the original examples, the locality lying between the two spots, whence these came, and only a short distance from eitlier. The species is always on Ohia lehua. 1. P. solitariiis female, with the femora thick and well developed for this sex, the specimen collected by Koebele. This species is generally distributed over the Koolau range from the neighborhood of Honolulu to parts above Waialua and Waimea wherever the Ohia ha (Eugenia) grows. However, on one occasion specimens were actually bred from the Ohia lehua on Tantalus. In 1900 nearly all the larvae in that locality (though numerous) were parasitized by the two species of Ischiogonns, but in February, 1903, a series of the beetle, including black- legged examples, was taken there, and in October, 1906, a single example, flying across the road. I did not attempt to breed any from more distant localities, so do not know whether it was similarly parasitized in these. A single specimen, not numbered but labeled by myself "Clytarlus undescribed sp.," is a female of P. immundiis Sb., which was bred by me from dead wood brought from Kona, and supposed to be that of the tree Charpenticra. It is a most variable species, red, black, or particolored, and has the weak clothing of the hind tibiae and metatarsi characteristic of Clytarlus. Callithmysus. As recorded by Swezey (Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc. 1919, p. 265), C. micro gaster var. hirtipes was bred by him from Perrottetia 502 and T think I am right in saying- that the actual type of that variety was obtained from the same kind of tree, although recorded from Bohea. This individual was found resting amongst dead leaves of a broken branch, on a day when it rained heavily and continuously, and collecting was almost impossible. The "on Bobca" was added later, when I had become aware that C. microgastcr s. I. was attached to that tree, having found fragments of the beetle and larvae the^eni, and was not intended to refer to this particular example, b'lt to the species. Though so infrequently met with alive, the beetle must be quite numerous on occasion, as in 1903, and also on a former occasion. I brought down large numbers of the larvae to Honolulu from different localities, but owing to my absence from home, these nearly all died for wan!: of attention and the few beetles that emerged were dead and in poor condition when I returned. One or two of thesp :hat were in moderate condition I sent away, and one or two ot the worst I still have. All the larvae were in Bobca. Two of those recorded in the Fauna Haw. were taken on the trunks of this tree near Waialua, and are said to differ from the typical form. The late W. H. Ashmead. when collecting with me. captured one on the wing as it flew over a bare ridge in the mountains below the forest. T took one flying on the Tantalus road a little above the house then owned by Mr. Giffard in November, 1906 — a small specimen newly emerged, which I still possess, and another in nearly the same localit>- on another occasion. All these probably belonged to the form with the tibial hairs shorter than the type and the base of the tibiae is not bare to the extent shown in the original figure of the species, li the variety hirfipcs from Pcrrottetia proves con- stantly different from these Bohea specimens, the case would be similar to that of P. vifticoUis and its var. loiii^iiliis. which are found on these trees on Hawaii, the most evident difference between the beetles being found in the tarsal hairs. One may suspect that the typical luicrogaster found by Blackburn was attached to some different tree, as the form on Bobca seems to occur over most, if not the whole of Oahu. At the same lime one must remember that in some Plagitliiiixsiis there are 503 very great differences in the hairs of the tibiae and of other parts, as variation or according to sex, and sufficient material of C. micro gastcr for a proper investigation has not yet been secured. In Plagithmysus bishopi, even in examples bred from the same wood, there is variation in the density and arrangement of the hairs of the hind tibiae, and they may be pale or black, even in examples of the same sex. P. giffardi notabh' exhibits dimorphism in these hairs, while some others seem to exhibit neither variational nor sexual differences in these. The two following species of NesitJimysns are very distinct species of this remarkable genus. Nesithmysus forbesii sp. n. Black, the head slightly aeneous, the pronotum slightly so in some lights, the elytra very conspicuously metallic, with greenish tint. Head with yellow hairs, not densely clothed. Pronotum on each side about the middle with a strongly prominent angle; the median crest is represented by a strong prominence in front, in lateral view triangular, like a large blunt thorn, on its hind surface rugosely punctate, and a posterior prominence, which in side view is subtruncate and rugosely sculptured on its upper surface; between these and on most of its surface the pronotum is smooth and shining, irregularly and finely punctured, clothed with sparse yellow setae, representing the vittae of Plagithmysus. On either side between the posterior median prominence and the lateral angle, and on a line with the former, is another strong prominence, rounded at the apex, and between this and the lateral angle is another broad, but not dense, patch of yellow hairs. The elytra are shining and thinly and irregularly clothed with yellow setae like those on the thorax, but no definite pattern is formed. The sculpture consists of shallow depressions and larger punctures, mixed with finer ones, which are more definite. There is a dense line of yellow hairs extending from the hind coxae to the patch covering the ends of the metepisterna ; on either side of the ventral segments 1-3 at the apex is a distinct spot of these hairs; the .5th ventral segment is conspicuously excised in the middle. The specimen is no doubt a female, the antennae short, about three-quarters of the length of the elytra, the 10th joint not twice as long as wide. Length about 20 mm. Hab. — East Alaui, Haipuaena, 3100 ft. A single example from Pelea on June 29th, 1920 (C. N. Forbes). 504 Nesithmysus haasii sp. ". Black, scape of the antenuae to a large extent, as also the small 2nd joint, the next two basally and the others on one side at least, though very obscurely, red or reddish. The trochanters, basal part of femora, tibiae for the most part, and basal portion of first tarsal joint also red. Face for the most part densely clothed with yellow hairs, the top of the head rather less densely. Pronotum with the median crest greatly raised in front, less strongly behind, coarsely rugosely sculptured, the anterior prominence bluntly triangular in lateral aspect, the hinder one curved, the prominences on either side of this strong and blunt, the lateral angles near the middle of the length of the pronotum obtuse and not strongly prominent, much less so than in the preceding species. The yellow vittae on either side of the median crest are conspicuous, widely separated, and irregular in width and are connected with the outer ones broadly in front and narrovA'ly behind; these latter occupy all the flanks of the pronotum downwards from their origin except that the prominent lateral angles form a smooth glabrous area amongst the yellow hairs. The metepisterua have a dense yellow patch of hair posteriorly and there is another anterior to this on the mesopleurae. The elj'tra are about five times the length of the pronotum, very densely, finely and distinctly punctured all over, a yellow line on each just within the suture from apex to base, con- tinued across the deflexed basal surface to near the shoulders and then continued backwards as a second longitudinal oblique line, which adjoins the sutural one at about the middle of the length of the elytra. Along the upturned lateral margin of these is a dense narrow line of similar yellow hairs extending from base to apex. The first four ventral segments of the hind-body have a pair of distinct yellow spots apically, the 5th is simply rounded or slightly truncate at the apex and not at all omarginate. Length about 25 mm. Female. In the unique specimen described the yellow pubescent lines are in parts interrupted owing to abrasion, but are here described as if they were entire. The longitudinal ridges of the elytra, similar to those in some Plagithmysits. in which they often vary in individuals, are very definite in this specimen, the inner ones reaching behind the middle, the outer ones still further. Hab. — Oahu, Wahiawa (CJias. Haas). A single example in the collection of Air. O. H. Swezey. In the thick forest behind Waialua, twenty years ago, large exit holes of a Longicorn supposed to be Plagithniysus were found in some of the big Pelca trees growing there. Verv 505 few were seen and no beetle was obtained, but it is possible that they may have been made by this large Nesithmysus. The heavy hind body and more cylindrical form of A'esithtnysns have deprived the genus of the elegant shape of Plaglthmysus, and one could imagine the insects to be much less active than the latter. Annobiides. The Annobiid here described belongs to the very difficult genus Xylctobiiis in a wide sense, but the many species described by me are in my opinion not always congeneric and the present species is an abnormal one and unlike any known to me. Xyletobius timiberlakei sp. n. Dark fuscous, the pronotum at the sides and posteriorly (and sometimes entirely excepting the disc) the apex, sides (more or less) and the basal margin of the elytra evidently red. The antennae, under side of the whole thorax, the coxae, femora and tarsi also red or reddish testaceous, the tibiae and abdomen darker, mostly dark fuscous. Remarkable for its long cylindrical form as compared with most species. Eyes very large, in a front \dew of the face these together are fully as wide or wider than the space between them. The antennae are very long, the small second joint distinctly angulate beneath or with the lower apical angle a little produced in some aspects, third triangular and hardly as long as its greatest width, fourth, fifth and sixth increasing in length and becoming more slender, distinctly emarginate at the apex, seventh strongly elongate and evidently less wide than the sixth, the apical joints are wanting, except in one case where the antennae lies beneath the body, and in this the tenth joint appears to be more than twice as long as wide. Pronotum at the sides very widely explanate or flattened (at the hind margin the fattened parts are together as wide as the space between them) per- ceptibly emarginate in the middle, anteriorly, finely but distinctly margined both in frout and behind, distinctly emarginate on each side between the hind angles, which are rounded, and the middle. Seen from above the pronotum has a distinct pattern formed of golden tomen- tum in the middle and other spots or marks external to this on each side. The elytra are fully three and a half times the length of the pronotum, and are notably compressed at the sides, so that a great subtriangular area appears bare on each wing case, the apex of each triangle coming rather near to but not reaching the suture at about •the middle of the length of the elytra. From each apex an oblique 506 more or less broken line, of pale tomentum runs towards the side of the elytra behind the shoulders, defining more clearly one side of the triangles, which is in reality a feeble ridge, formed where the lateral compression meets the basal part of the wing cases. The second and third striae (the first being as usual abbreviate) unite at the apex, the fourth and fifth do so also, but do not extend so far back as tho inner ones. In lateral view of the elytra the punctures in the outer striae are easily seen. Length 5.5 mm. Hab. — Hawaii, Kealakekua, 3500 ft. (Timberlake). One on Clennontia cacritlca and one on Byronia sandwicensis. Holcobius hawaiiensis Perkins. This species was originally described from a single example taken in the stem of a tree fern in Kona, Hawaii, and in the "Fauna" I referred to it others, taken later at Kilauea, also on tree ferns. The Kona example is smaller than the others and has dark antennae, but in the allied Maui species these organs showed some variation in color (Fauna Hawaiiensis HI, 583). Mr. Giffard has taken five examples in his house at light, close to the spot where I found it near Kilatiea. These agree well with mine and differ from the allied H. haleakalac in Leing evidentl.v more robust and in the point of sculpture mentioned in the description of the original example from Kona. The length of the Kilauea specimens averages 9 mm., and this form may be called var. viilcanns. These large species of Holcobius seem to be almost entirely nocturnal and difficult to collect bv day. By night those which have burrows in dead trees come out and sit on the bark, and may be found paired in some numbers, as I experienced in a thick forest on Haleakala. The dead trees that they frequented, mostly Ohia lehua, were unfortunately a considerable distance from my tent and I found such difficulty in regaining this by the light of a lantern that I had to give up this method of collecting the beetles. Holcobius aMfiis, granulatns and glabricollis as well as hawaiiensis have all been taken attracted by light. 507 OCTOBER 7th, 1920. The 181 St meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society was held at the usual place. Present: Crawford, presiding; Swezey, Mant, Giffard, Timberlake, Muir, Whitney, Ehrhorn, and Fullaway. The minutes of the 178th and 180th meetings were read and approved. ENTOMOLOGICAL PROGRAM. New Hawaiian Delphacidae (Homoptera). ]!Y F. :muir. The present paper deals with part of the collections made by Mr. W. M. Giffard and not dealt with in my last paper,''' and with collections made by Messrs. Timberlake and Giffard in 1919, also with a few other species. They add eleven new species and one variety to our list, as well as new localities. A number of species in the collections are not mentioned as they are not new. That such a well worked locality as Castle trail, Oahu, should yield new species indicates that we are far from the end of our list of species. While it is hoped that the recently introduced Miridae, Cyrtorhinus mundnlus (Bred.), will be of benefit in the cane field and reduce the number of Perkiftsiclla saccharicida Kirk., it is to be hoped that it will not take to the native forest and interfere -with the native Delphacidae. The genus Ilhnrnia White now stands as the second largest genus in the family with eighty species ; Delphacodes Fieb. (Liburnia) being the largest with about 180 species. With the increase in the number of species some of them are becoming more difficult to define, even by the genitalia ; at the same time isolated forms such as /. sulcata are turning * Proe. Haw. Ent. Soe. IV. 1. (1919) p. S4. Proe. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 508 up The intermediate forms will give us a better idea as to the line of evohition. The varieties of such species as Aloha ipomocae, Ilbnniia blackhurni and /. ipomceicola attached to different food plants, require special study, and experiments of chant^^e of food and cross breeding should be carried out. The cause of the variation of the male genitalia is the fundamental problem of the evolution of these insects. How many genetic characters the aedeagus contains is difficult to estimate. It is also difficult to understand why the genitalia should be the organs chiefly affected by crossings if Lotsy's theory be maintained. Weismann and his followers have overemphasized the dif- ference between the germ and somatic cells. There is but one cell and that is the germ cell. The somatic cells being only differentiated germ cells and the differentiation apparently lies wholly within the cytoplasm. Although the chromosomes may be the "bearers of heredity," yet they do not enter into the formation of the "characters." At most they only act upon the cytoplasm. If cell division be quantitative (as polyembryony indicates) and not qualitative, how do similar nuclei acting upon similar cytoplasm bring about various differentiations? The nucleus cannot be the sole causation of the differentiation of the cyto- plasm unless we admit a selective and qualitative division of the chromosomes. There is experimental evidence to show that the relative position of the cell in the early stages of the embryo influences its development quite irrespective of the nucleus. The influence of certain cells, or their secretions, upon the growth and development of other cells in an organism has been demon- strated by experiments. Among Delphacidae there is a corela- tion between the germ plasm and the external male genitalia, as is indicated by the effect upon the latter brought about by injury to the former by parasites. It is therefore thinkable that an alteration in the germ plasm could bring about an alteration in the male genitalia without any special change in any particular chromosome or chromomere. It is only along 509 these lines that I can at present understand the specific dififer- ences of the genitaha. The types of the new species have been deposited in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station. Measurements are from the apex of the vertex to the anus and from base to apex of one tegmen. Delphacini. Kelisia swezeyi Kirk. A small series on Eragrostis from Olokele Canyon, Kauai (Swe::ey, Sept., 1920). Kelisia sporobolicola Kirk. A male and a female on Eragrostis from Puu Ka Pele, Kauai, elevation 3500 feet, and a series of both sexes from Mana, Kauai, on Sporobolus (Szveccy, Sept., 1920). There is another series from Haleakala, Maui, elevation 6200 feet, on Eragrostis (Timberlake, July, 1919) which is lighter in color than the typical and the granules smaller but quite distinct. Kelisia sporobolicola immaculata var. n. lu the typical E. sporobolicola Kirk, the granules on the veins are black. In this variety they are the same color as the veins so the tegmina are not spotted. The genitalia are similar. A series from a steam crack, Kilauea, Hawaii, elevation 3800 feet, on Deschampsia anstraUs. Another series on the same plant in the same district, elevation 4000 feet (Giffard, Aug., Sept., 1919). In coloration this variety is very like K. szvezeyi, but the genitalia is that of K. sporobolicola. Alohini. Leialoha lehuae mauiensis Muir. A small series from Keanae Pali, Haleakala, Maui, elevation about 5000 feet, on Ohia Ichua {Timberlake, July, 1919). Nesodryas (Nesothoe) haa sp. n. Fig. 1. Male. Macropterons ; length 2.5 mm. tegmen 3.6 mm. - Opening of pygofer subdiamond shape, anal angle fairly well pro- 510 dueed; genital styles with apical, curved portion small; anal spines strong, slightly curved; aedeagus long, thin, tubular, sl'ghtly curved on basal half, apex produced into a crescent, one horn of wh'ch is small and truncate at apex. Light chestnut, lighter over the carinae of prouotum and vertex; apical portion of face and genae white or I'ght yellow, two transverse, white bars on middle of face and a smaller one near base, none of them rcaclung the lateral margins; four or five Avhite spots along tempora ; first .jtember. 1921. 558 the end of this time the parasites were found well established on many of the plantations. Additional material was received from Formosa in Decem- ber, 1916, from H. Sauter, arrangements for which had been made months earlier before it had become certain whether the Oofetrastichus would reproduce freely in the breeding cages. Both this and the original material collected by Mr. Muir was obtained in the vicinity of Tainan. The following description is based almost wholly on Hawaiian-bred material, as the original specimens from For- mosa were almost all utilized in the breeding cages. Ootetrastichus formosanus n. sp. This species is closely allied to O. pallid i pes Perkins from Java and the male clearly runs to paUidipes in Perkins' table (Bull. No. 10, Ent. Ser. Haw. Sugar Planters' Station, p. 7-8). It differs from the male type of paUidipes in having the scape not quite so broadly expanded and without conspicuous bristles on the dorsal margin, the parapsides largely pale except anteriorly (as seen in slide mounts), the mesopleura with a much larger pale area, and in having the basal half of the abdomen yellow without a pair of dark spots above on either side. The female has the base of the abdomen distinctly yellow, so that this sex runs better to O. basalis Perkins, also from Java. From the t3^pe of basalis the female differs in having slightly longer wings with the discal ciliation of the hind pair much longer and darker, and in having the yellow and metallic parts of the abdomen more sharply differentiated, with the apical half more strongly metallic. Of the Australian species described by Girault (Mem. Queensland Mus. 2, pp. 216-223) inghauiensis appears to be similar to formosanus, but it is too briefly described to permit any exact comparison. Female. Face below antennae, cheeks and postorbital region of head, thorax, except the tegulae, hind coxae and apical two-thirds of abdomen deep metallic green with brassy and golden reflections; rest of face, the frons and narrow area on occiput next to the eye-margins dusky yellow; ocellar region of vertex and rest of occiput fuscous ; antennae pale brownish yellow; eyes dark chestnut brown, and much brighter red in 559 life; tegulae and legs, except hind coxae, pure pale yellow, with the tip of the last joint of tarsi blackish; basal third of abdomen yellow, the metallic green sometimes extending narrowly along the sides to the base; wings hyaline, the veins very pale yellowish. Fig. 1. Ootetrastichus fonnosanus, female. More rarely the lower part of the face and the cheeks are yellowish, and in one specimen from Tainan, Formosa, the thorax is metallic bluish instead of green. Head somewhat wider than the thorax, the face above antennae and the fronto-vertex collapsing after death; the cheeks a little over three- fourths as long as the eyes and about as wide as long; genal suture distinct, running from the base of the mandibles to the lower corner of the eyes, where it furcates, a branch following the eye-margin for a short distance in both directions; the postorbital area wide and forming with the postsutural part of the cheeks in side view of the head a broadly lenticular area, the inner margin of which is more convexly curved than the occipital margin; eyes about as wide as long, their outer margin oblique and slightly broadly emarginate, their upper exterior corners passing slightly over on to the occipital surface ; vertex broad or as wide as the whole head at the lower corners of the eyes; ocelli in a very obtuse triangle, the posterior pair somewhat less removed from the eye-margins than from each other. Fig. 2. Mandible of female Ootetrastichus fonnosanus. 560 Antennae inserted a little above tlie line connecting the lower corners of the eyes; scape reaching to the ocelli after shrinkage of the head, compressed and about three times as long as wide, excluding the radicle; pedicel nearly one-half as long as the scape and considerably wider at apex than the following joints; of the four ring-joints the first and fourth are longest, the first somewhat wedge-shaped and a little shorter on the inner side than the fourth, the second about one-fourth as long as the fourth and the third about one-half as long; first funicle joint nearly four times as long as thick and nearly equal to the next two joints combined, the second and third funicle joints equal in length but the third about a fourth thicker again than the second ; club oval, slightly longer than the last two funicle joints combined and nearly a half wider again than the preceding joint, its apical joint about a third longer again than the basal joint and with a short, bluntly pointed nipple at apex. Funicle and club with numerous stout long bristles, better developed distad, the scape and pedicel with a few smaller bristles; the bristles in a transverse row near apical margin of the first joint of club, those in a similar row at the middle of the apical joint and several scattered near apices of the last two funicle joints considerably stouter than the other bristles and much enlarged at base; most of the bristles nearly or quite straight, but others, especially the shorter bristles near apex of the club, rather strongly curved inward. Fig. 3. Antenna of female Ootetrastlrhus formosanus. Pronotum with a row of fine hairs along its posterior margin and a second row just anteriorly consisting of about three fine hairs on each side; mesoscutum with two or three pairs of hairs on each side near the outer margin, the pair just in front of the posterior corners slightly longer; the parapsides each with a single bristle-like hair near the posterior margin; sulci of scutellum very distinct, the sub- median pair parallel; two pairs of converging blackish bristles present on the scutellum just outside of the submedian sulci; the anterior pair just behind the middle and the other pair near the apex. Wings when closed reaching slightly beyond apex of the ovipositor; front pair rather wide, very broadly rounded at apex, the marginal cilia 561 longest on the posterior margin at a point about three-fourths of the distance from the base to apex, and even here considerably shorter than the stigmal vein; marginal vein more than twice as long as the sub- marginal and provided with about eleven or twelve bristle-like hairs which are rather longer than the cilia on the posterior margin, the submarginal with two bristle-like hairs; costal cell narrow and bare excepting two or three fine cilia near its apex, which are like the other discal cilia. Hind wings narrow, the cilia on the posterior margin nearly as long as the greatest width of the disk, those on the anterior margin not more than one-fifth as long; discal ciliation distinct except in the basal area opposite the submarginal vein. Abdomen about a fourth longer again than the head and thorax combined, the ovipositor sheaths slightly protruded, rather stout and tapering to apex; sides of abdomen and apical fourth of the dorsvim set with fairly numerous pale-colored hairs, the vibrissal plates of the last segment each with one long black seta directed obliquely outward. Cheeks very finely lineolate-reticulate, occiput microscopically reticulate, the fronto-vertex and face more alutaceous; mesoscutum and scutellum more finely longitudinally lineolate than the cheeks, some of the micro- scopic impressed lines interlacing; scutellum with a minute round osteole on each submedian lobe situated about half way between the bristles and somewhat larger than the osteoles in which the bristles themselves are set; these are hardly visible in dry material, but prominent in slide mounts; parapsides and axillae more coarsely sculptured than the cheeks, the former reticulate, the latter lineolate; pronotum much more roughly sculptured than other parts of the thorax, the reticulations, however, hardly coarser than those of the parapsides, metanotum nearly smooth and polished, the propodeum comparatively coarsely but delicately reticulate, and with a median carina furcating in front of the apical neck, the branches extending outward to the sides; abdomen a little more coarsely reticulate than the propodeum. Length of body: (0.94 to) 1.53; width of mesoscutum: 0.306; length of abdomen: 0.836; length and width of forewings: 1.24 by 0.428; length and width of hindwings: 1.01 by 0.153; length and width of scape excluding radicle: 0.169 by 0.056; length of pedicel: 0.087; length of fagellum: 0.436; length of first funicle joint: 0.122; length of club: 0.143 mm. Male: Coloration considerably paler than in the female; head tegulae, underparts of thorax, except metapleura, basal half of abdomen and legs pale yellow (about Naples yellow of Eidgway), the upper part of the occiput with a dusky spot and the vertex somewhat greenish around the ocelli; pronotum, anterior third of mesoscutum, parapsides, propodeum, metapleura, and apex of abdomen metallic green; remainder of the mesoscutum, axillae and scutellum greenish yellow and somewhat metallic in larger specimens with the apex and sides of the scutellum often decidedly metallic green, but in very small specimens all of these 562 parts are pale dusky yellow; metallic green of abdomen confined to the three apical segments shading into pieeous on the two preceding segments and finally into the yellow of the basal half; antennae pale brownish yellow, the flagellum slightly darker; wings as in the female. Fig. 4. Ootetrasticltus fonnosanus, male. Head somewhat similar in shape to tliat of female but softer and shrinking more after death; in life the upper part of the head is much thinner fronto-occipitally than in the female, the frontovertex couvexly protuberant and very much wider than long, its anterior margin as seen from above somewhat concave between the eyes and separated by a sharp angle from the face; ocelli nearly in a straight line, the anterior one being but slightly advanced in front of the lateral pair and close to the angle bounding the upper limits of the face so that the frons is practically absent, the lateral ocelli about equidistant from each other and the nearest eye-margin; eyes considerably less than one-half as large as in the female but nearly of the same shape; cheeks rather longer than the diameter of the eye, nearly as wide as long a« seen from the side; face convex below the antennae and hollowed out above them to form a large common scrobe. Fig. 5. Antenna of male Ootetrastichus formosamis. 563 Antennae inserted somewhat above the middle of the face as seen in frontal view of head or a little above the lower corners of the eyes; scape enormously expanded beneath, strongly convex on the inner face and concave on the outer; pedicel nearly ovate in outline, about equal to the first funicle joint in length and twice as wide; flagelluni slender and cylindrical; the second of the three ring-joints shortest, the third longest, or about twice as long as the first and somewhat longer on its inner side, the first joint about a fourth longer again than the second; first funicle joint about a fourth longer than the second and a third longer than either the third or fourth joint, the latter somewhat thicker than the preceding joints; club about as long as the last three funicle joints combined and liardly wider, the first two joints subequal and somewhat shorter than the third, which is triangular in outline with a long cylindrical nipple fully one-half as long as the basal part of the joint. Bristles on antennae nearly as in the female, but those on the scape and pedicel hardly weaker than the smaller ones on the funicle; those with enlarged base occur near apex of the last two funicle joints and on the first two joints of the club. Thorax nearly as in the female, the submedian sulci of scutellum slightly diverging behind; wings and legs as in the female, the front tarsi not modified. Abdomen hardly longer than the head and thorax combined, its sides parallel and the apex much less acutely pointed than in the female. Sculpture similar to that of the female but rather finer and more delicate, the inner or dorsal surface of the scape minutely and alutaceously roughened. Length of body: (0.80 to) 1.13; width of mesosciitum: 0.261; length of abdomen 0.563; length and width of forewing: 1.02 by 0.327; length and width of hindwing: 0.853 by 0.106; length and width of scape excluding radicle: 0.259 by 0.181; length of pedicel: 0.089; length of flagelluni: 0.438 mm. Described from the following Hawaiian material all from the eggs of Perkinsiella saccharicida Kirkaldy : Ten females, three males, reared October 11-17. 1918, Mt. \'iew, Hawaii (Sn'czcy), (holotype female, allotype and paratypes ) ; one female reared February 14, 1918, from same locality (Smecey), (paratype); five females, eight males reared March 19-21, 1919, Hilo Sugar Co., Hawaii (Swecey), (paratypes); one male reared February 19, 1918, Waiplo. Oahu,- (paratype); one female reared July 5, 1918, Paauhau, Hawaii (Williams/, (paratype); one female reared July 8, 1918, Honokaa, Hawaii (Williams), (paratype) ; one female reared June 26, 1918, Koloa Gap, Kauai (Timherlake) , (paratype) ; 59 females, 17 males, from breeding cages, Honolulu, during 1916 and 1917 564 (TiiiibcrlakeJ, (paratypes ) ; seven females, eight males reared from material collected March 24, 1920, Honolulu Plantation, Oahu (Szvcccy), (paratypes). Also from the following Formosa material, from egg's of PcrklnsicUa saccharicida and possibly of other Delphacidae on sugar cane: two females, one male reared ^larch 13-28, 1916, Tainan, Formosa (Mitin, (para- types) ; and one female, one male reared December 7, 1916, Tainan, Formosa (H. Sauter), (paratypes). Types and paratypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station, No. 1003, paratypes in the author's collection. On Some Samoan Fulgorids (Homoptera). Hawaiian entomologists have always been interested in the insect fauna of the Samoan archipelago, especially since Dr. Perkins described a species of Protcrhijiiis '■■' from there. As none of the Hawaiian entomologists could arrange to visit Samoa, Air. W. M. GifTard did the next best thing — he inter- ested a resident of Pago Pago in insects and persuaded him to collect. In the latter part of 1917 Mr. Giffard, through his friend, Captain J. H. Trask of the S. S. Sonoma, started a corre- spondence with Captain J. M. Poyer of the U. S. X. who at that time was Governor of American Samoa. Governor Poyer referred him to Dr. H. C. Kellers, U. S. N., then stationed in Tutuila. This was a very fortunate choice as Dr. Kellers, although professing to be no entomologist, got together a very interesting collection which, in some of the groups of smaller insects, has given us our first good idea of what is present in the islands of Tutuila and Xiiie. This good result is also partly due to Mr. Gififard's advice as to what to look for and to the collecting apparatus that he forwarded to Dr. Pro. Haw. Ent. Soc. I, 3, p. 88, July, 1907. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 565 Kellers. Hawaiian entomologists must, therefore, thank Gover- nor Poyer, Dr. Kellers, and Mr. Giffard for our increased knowledge of Samoan insects. I must also mention Captains Trask and Dawson of the Oceanic S. S. Coy, who kindly took charge of packages and saw to their safe delivery. The length of time it has taken to work out this collection is due first to the war, which turned the attention of so many scientific men to work immediately connected with the war, and then to the difficulty of getting specialists to work up some of the groups. At present some are in the hands of specialists and we hope the remainder will shortly be' at- tended to. The present paper deals only with the fulgorids and gives us some idea of that group in the islands of Tutuila and Niiie for the first time. It consists of twenty-six species distributed in nineteen genera and seven families, viz : Cixiidae, five genera, six species. Delphacidae, six genera, nine species. Achilidae, one genus, two species. Ricaniidae, one genus, two species. Derbidae, two genera, two species. Tropiduchidae, two genera, two species. Issidae, two genera, three species. When we compare these with Hawaiian fulgorids a distinct difiference is at once seen. Not a single genus is common to both regions, with the exception of the introduced Perkinsiella, and in this instance the species are distinct. Hawaii has only two families represented, Cixiidae by two genera and a few species and Delphacidae with numerous species, and several genera belonging to a tribe not present in Samoa. Turning to the Cicadoidea we find a still greater difference, as Samoa has representatives of Cicadidae, Cercopidae and Cicadellidae, whereas Hawaii has only representatives of Cicadellidae. This strongly indicates that there has been no land con- nection between these two archipelagoes, since they received their fulgorid fauna which, judging by the antiquity of the suborder to which they belong, must have been from about the time of their first appearance on dry land bearing vegetation. 566 When we compare the Samoan with the Fijian fulgorids a strong relationship is revealed. So far as we know at present the Samoan fulgorid fauna is a poor representation of the Fijian, which in turn is a poor representation of the Malayan and Philippine. Hitherto the Malay Archipelago has been considered with little reference to the Philippines, but as the latter is the richest part of the Malays, so far as insects are concerned, it will be necessary in future to reconsider many conclusions as to dispersal in the light of recent work in the Philippines. It is to be hoped that the outlying islands of the Polynesian plateau will be thoroughly worked in the near future so that we may be able to trace the line of migration of many of these insects. Samoa, judging by the fulgorids of Tutuila, is an outpost of the Polynesian plateau and derived its fulgorids from that region. It is not necessary to join it up to that region by land to account for their presence, as I think they could have arrived by natural means of transport across a moderately wide expanse of water. In some cases, such as Perklnsiella in Niiie, man may have been the agency. The genitalia of most of the families of Fulgoroidea have not been studied, or only in a very superficial manner. I believe that detailed studies will lead to a better understanding of the relationship of the families. Some interesting forms are found among this small collection revealing complexities quite unexpected. The types have all been deposited in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station, Honolulu, and numbered with the type number of that collection. The measurements are from apex of vertex to apex of abdomen and from the base to apex of one tegmen. ClXIIDAE. Myndus roggeweini sp. n. Fig. 6. Male. Length 2.8 mm., tegmen 3.4 mm. Vertex considerably longer than width at base, which is broader than apex; a faint transverse carina about middle; length of face equal to width, widest at apical third; median ocellus distinct. 567 The genitalia are asymmetrical; the anal tube is large and broad, on the left side it is produced into a large, blunt spine, the right side is expanded with two small projections on its edge; the pygofer on medio-ventral edge produced into an acutely angular process, the left margin slightly curved, the right produced into a flat, quadrate process about the middle; genital styles flattened, angular, narrowest at base, apex truncate; penis long, jointed near apex, which is mem- braneous, with functional orifice at apex, the penis is surrounded by a long, tubular sheath with two small spines at apex and a long spine at base. Stramineous, slightly darker over mesothorax. Tegmina hyaline, slightly stramineous, veins same- color, tubercles numerous, small, bearing light macrotrichia ; apical veins tinged with brown, especially at apices, cross veins also brownish; wings hyaline, veins yellowish. Female. Length 3 mm., tegmen 3.4 mm. Similar to male. The ovipositor brown. Described from four males and three females from Tutuila, Samoa, from 750 to 1200 feet elevation. (Kellers, April to December, 1918.) Type No. 1004. Named after the navigator who is credited with having been the first European to see the Samoan islands and named them Bauman Islands. Leirioessa lamononi sp. n. Male. Length 2.8 mm., tegmen 4 mm. Typical of the genus and closely related to the genotype, L. tortricomorpha Kirk. Head, pronotum and mesonotum brown, apex of clypeus and legs lighter, abdomen slightly darker. Tegmina light brown, a dark mark from base of costal cell to middle of claval margin, where it is darker; a broader band from middle of costa across tegmen to apex of clavus, the margins being darker, a small dark mark at stigma, another on hind margin slightly beyond clavus, a dark mark across apical radial and apical median cells; veins same color as membrane, tubercles minute, brown; wings fuscous with darker veins. Ventral edge of pygofer emarginate with an acute angular projec- tion in the middle; anal segment long, apex obtusely pointed, lateral margins deflexed and inflexed, anus about one-third from apex; genital styles flat, narrow at base gradually widening to rounded apex, angular at apical third. Female. Length 3.8 mm., tegmen 5 mm. In color slighly darker than the male. In this genus the abdominal sternites are not V-shape but transverse, the base of the ovipositor being near the apex of abdomen and projecting well beyond. Described from one male and two females from Tutuila, Samoa, 700 to 1200 feet elevation. (Kellers, April, June, 5b8 July, 1918.) Type No. 1005. I name this species after the ill- fated naturalist of the Astrolabe who lost his life at Tutuila in 1788. Austroloma baumanensis sp- »• Figs. 7, 7a. Male. Length 2.fi mm., tegmen 3.8 mm. lu the tegmina M.3+4 bent at nearly right angle, forcing the apical portions of Cul and Cula * together. Medio-ventral edge of pygofer produced into a small process, lateral edges roundly produced; anal segment short and broad, apex slightly rounded, broad, with a short, angular projection near each corner, anus slightly distad of middle; genital styles flat, slightly curved, slightly broadest at apex, which is subtruncate and slightly oblique; aedeagus large and complex, basal two-thirds tubular, flexed at one-third from apex, a small spine just basad of the joint, apex with a strong, curved spine at the apex of which the functional orifice appears to be situated; basad of this there is a membraneous lobe on each side. Light brown, outer angles of mesothorax laterad of outer earinae dark brown ; a series of small, brown spots on temples and sides of clypeus; legs with small brown bands; abdomen yellow or light brown, pygofer dark. Tegmina hyaline, fuscous at base, iii middle of clavus, from stigma to middle of tegmen, over cross veins spreading out to apex; veins mostly lighter with brown tubercles. Female. Length 2.7 nnn., tegmen 4.2 mm. Ovipositor not projecting beyond apex of abdomen; inclined to be darker than the males, especially the abdomen, which is brown. Described from twenty-six males and thirty-seven females from Tutuila, from 700 to 1200 feet elevation. (Kellers, April to December, 1918.) Type No. 1006. This insect is named after the islands called Bauman islands by Roggevvein in 1721, and supposed to be the same as the Samoan islands. Austroloma wilkesi, sp. n. Fig. 16. This species differs from A. baumanen.sis in being uniformly light brown with no dark marks on legs, few or no dark tubercles' on tegmina and the lateral portions of mesonotum not darker than middle. The male genitalia are very distinct. There is no projection from the edge of the anal segment and the genital styles are not quite so curved. From the apex arises on the right side a long, sinuate process nearly as long as the aedeagus, from the left side of apex a thin, wider process with a small spine near base and a larger one about * I agree with Tillyard in considering Cu2 as forming the claval suture. 569 the middle; a spine arises about the middle of the aedeagus. Length of male 2.3 mm.; tegmen 3.3 mm. Length of female 2.8 mm., tegmen 3.5 mm. Described from two males and two females from Tiituila, Samoa, from 760 to 1200 feet elevation. (Kellers, April and December, 1918.) Type No. 1007. This insect is named after the navigator who first surveyed the Samoan islands. There are six specimens of females which I placed in this species but have not considered as paratypes. They are darker with more or less black tubercles on the tegmina. Urvillea dumonti sp. n. This genus hitherto has been represented only by one species from Fiji. This species from Samoa is quite typical but specifically distinct. Male. Length 2.7 mm., tegmen 4.8 mm. Vertex and face dark brown with carinae light, pronotum light brown, darker on lateral portions, mesothorax and abdomen dark brown, legs light. Tegmina hyaline, the apical cells and portion of subapical cells infuscate, veins yellow, tubercles minute bearing fine, light macrotrichia ; wings hyaline, apical area fuscous, veins dark. Anal segment large, fattened horizontally, anus at apex; pygofer long ventrally, short dorsally, considerably flattened horizontally, medio- ventral edge produced into a small, angular process, lateral margins roundly produced; genital styles small, fiat, apex truncate, oblique, outer margin slightly concave, inner margin convex slightly sinuate; aedeagus complex but not dissected out. Described from one male specimen from Tutuila. Samoa (Kellers, June, 1918), from 1200 feet elevation. Type No. 1008. This genus and species is named after Dumont d'Urville who explored the Pacific in the Astrolabe. Meenoplus Fieb. I have not been able to procure specimens of Meenoplus alhosignatus Fieb., the type of the genus, but Fieber's figures and descriptions are excellent and leave little to be desired. The only difference that I can find between Nisia Mel. and this genus is the absence of an apical vein (M2). The claval veins may join together slightly basad in Nisia and Fieber shows a small vein from the second claval to hind margin which does not exist in Nisia. But these differences do not 570 warrant a generic separation in my opinion. It is no un- common thing to find the apical veins differing on each tegmen of a specimen. The group of genera to which this genus belongs forms a distinct division of the Cixiidae and could form a subfamily, Meenoplinae. The following nine genera, perhaps with some others, would come into the subfamily: Mecnophis Fieb., Anigrus Stal, Xisia Mel.. Phaconcura Kirk., Suva Kirk., Eponisia ]\Iats., Paranisia i\Iats., Iiixwala Dist., Paranignis Bergr. Dr. E. Bergroth * has recently written on this group and it is hoped that in the near future he will give us a critical survey of the genera composing it. ]\Iy interpretation of the venation of some of these genera is shown in figures 2 and 3. In A\ airozrnosus ( Leth. ) from Ceylon I\I2 is missing, ]M3 and Cul are fused for some distance. Cul a is strongly angled near the base and there are two cross-veins, one of which is diagonal. M. albosignatus Fieb. appears to be similar but for the presence of M2. The first claval and the Sc -1- R are granulate. Paranisia is similar to N'isia in venation and Eponisia. to Meenoplus. Snva dift'ers from Meenoplus in having junction of M3 and Cul nearer the base of the former. Phaconcura agrees with Snva with the exception that ^\Z and Cul remain together to the margin of tegmen in the type species, but in P. laraiica ]\Iuir they part company before the apex. In some specimens, including the type of this last species, there are three apical veins to the radius. It is to be hoped that the tracheation of these tegmina will be worked out in the nymph. Meenoplus langlei sp. n. Fig. 3, 3a. Male. Length 1.7 mm.; tegmen 3.4 mm. M2 present, Cul toueliiug M3 at its base then free, one cross vein between Cul and Cula, granulate along Sc + R and Al (first claval), Al and A2 meeting near apex of clavus. Anal segment short, curved, apex produced into two rounded processes; aedeagus fairly long, curved; genital styles long, thin, curved inward, their apices meeting on middle line, apices slightly *Arkiv. for Zoologi. K. Svenska Vetensk. 12, 17 (1920). 571 expanded. Uniformly light yellow; tegmina hyaline, slightly white and opaque with waxy secretion, veins light yellow; wings hyaline, opaquely white with Avaxy secretion, veins yellowish. Female. Length 1.7 mm.; tegmen 3.4 mm. Pregenital plate wider than long, quadrate, slightly emarginate apieally; styles fairly large, projecting beyond the small anal segment. Color as in male. Described from two males and one female from Tutuila, from ICOO' to 2000 feet elevation {Kellers, xA.pril and September, 1918). Type No. 1009. This might easily be placed in a new genus jiidging by the venation, but I prefer to place it in Meenoplus until the group is revised. The species is named after the ill-fated De Langle of the Astrolabe, who was killed at Tutuila in 1788. Xisia airorenosa has been reported from such widely separated places as Madagascar, India and Australia, but an examination of the genitalia of specimens from Formosa and Australia shows specific differences. It is, therefore, possible that there are several species standing under this name. I have no males from Ceylon, so cannot say which are the typical genitalia. ACHILIDAE. Eurynomeus granulatus sp. n. Figs. 1, a, b, c, d. This species conforms to the generic type with the exception that there are four branches to the media, and in some specimens the first branch is furcate at apex, making five apical median veins. Male. Length 4 nmi., tegmen 4.5 mm. Cinnamon, buflf or clay color, darker o\'er mesonotum. Tegmina thickly covered with light granules, most numerous ba^ad of cross veins, darker bands across tegmina, one from costa to middle of hind margin of clavus, another from costa to apex of clavus and a very light one over cross veins; these bands fade out on some specimens; wings dark fuscous with dark brown veins. The male genitalia of Achilidae are complex and have never been adequately described so far as I am aware. The pygofer of this species is comparatively short dorsally and laterally, but longer ventrally where the median portion of the hind margin is produced into two fat, pointed processes. The lateral edges being slightly emarginate; the anal segment is flat, broadly rotundate with the apex emarginate, anus distad of middle, anal style subovate; genital styles large, narrowest at base, broadest at apex where the upper or outer angle is produced, curved, and turned inward as two small points, another inwardly curved point nearer the middle, the inner angle roundly produced, the outer margin is thickened and from near the middle rises a long, curved, 572 strong, spine. The aedeagus is complex and cons-'sts of tvro parts forming more or less complete tubes. The inner tube is composed of a pair of flat, narrow processes, rounded at their apices and joined together at their bases where, in conjunction with a membrane, they form a tube into which the ejaculatory duct opens; a chitinous process proceeds from the base of this organ to the- bases of the genital styles and co-ordinates their movements. The outer tube is composed of three pairs of processes joined together at their bases; the dorsal pair are pointed and bear small teeth along their dorsal surface. The lateral pair are larger, produced into a triangular spine at their bases, the distal portion being narrow, slightly sinuate and the apices rounded; the ventral pair are bifurcate, one portion projecting distad as a strong spine and the other curving under and inward as a strong spine. A strong, chitinous framework connects this outer tube to the base of the anal segment. Female. Length 4 mm.; tegmen 5 mm. The eighth sternite is divided in the middle, the inner rounded edges meeting together, the seventh sternite is widely and roundly emarginate on the posterior margin. In coloration similar to the male. Described from eight males and six females from Tutuila, Samoa, from 760 to 1200 feet elevation (Kellers, April, June, Aug-ust, 1918). Type No. 1010. There are two other female specimens, larger and darker, which may represent another species. Eurynomeus niger sp. n. This is congeneric with the above and has the same venation. Length 4.2 mm., tegmen 5 mm. Black; two small white marks at base of clypeus continued onto genae and on lateral margin of pronotum, legs dark brown, hind legs lighter. Tegmina black, a whitish mark across the middle of clavus to costa near base, broadest in clavus, thinning out to a point on costa, this area being thickly granulate, a few light granulations scattered about ; wings dark fuscous with darker veins. Described from one female from Tutuila, Samoa, about 1000 feet elevation (Kellers, June. 1918). Type Xo. 1011. Delphacidae. Ugyops kellersi sp. n. Figs. 12, a. Male. Macropterous; length 6 mm., tegmen 5.4 mm. Vertex longer than wide (1.4 to 1), apex slightly wider than base, base slightly in front of middle of eyes; length of face 2.3 times the width, widest slightly before apex, two median carinae obscure at base but distinct at apex; antennae longer than head and thorax together, second joint 1.8 times the length of first. 573 Anal segment large, more than half the length of the abdomen, steeply tectiform, narrowed to apex which is rounded, anus about one- third from apex. Pygofer long on ventral aspect, medio-ventral edge produced into two small processes with rounded and slightly expanded apices; lateral margins widtly angular; genital styles narrow, flattened, outer surface sl'ghtly concave, sides subparallel, apex with outer angle produced and curved round, apex and inner angle curved over; aedeagus long, thin, subtubular, passing through a basal sheath tube, bent and jointed about the middle. Apple green or dull green yellow, turning stramineous in old speci- mens, darker, or in some specimens red between the median frontal carinae; legs inclining to light brown, tarsi and apical portion of first and second tibiae darker; the second joint of antennae darker than first with the apical half darker than basal; abdominal tergites and dorsal portion of anal segment brown. Tegmina hyaline, slightly greenish or yellowish, veins slightly darker, tubercles very minute, same color as veins, bearing small dark macrotrichia ; a dark fuscous mark over the first apical median cell; wings hyaline, slightly fuscous, veins dark. Female. Macropterous ; length 6.8 mm., tegmen 6 mm. Anal segment, long, tubular, concave along the ventral side. Anus at apex; ovipositor projecting beyond anal segment. In color similar to male. Tittuila, Samoa, from 700 to 1200 feet elevation; Pago Pag-o, Samoa, 300 feet elevation. (Kellers, April to October, 1918.) Type ^'o. 1012. Described from twenty-eight males and twenty-five females. There is also a small series of young of this or one of the other species. Ug^ops samoaensis sp. n. Fig. 10. Male. Macropterous; length 4.2 mm., tegmen 3.5 mm. Length of vertex 1.2 times the width of apex, base considerably narrower than apex, carinae slightly projecting in middle of apex, continued on to the face separately; length of face 1.8 times the width, narrowest at base, widest on apical half, median carinae separate and distinct till near apex, where they converge together and become obscure; antennae reaching to apex of clypeus, second joint 1.7 times the length of first. Pygofer long on ventral aspect, short on dorsal; medio-ventral edge deeply emarginate, the bottom of the emargination projecting as a lip with truncate apex, angles of emargination slightly produced beyond which the edge is slightly emarginate; anal segment large, slightly longer than broad, anus near apex; genitial styles small, largest at base gradually decreasing to pointed apex, slightly curved and recurved; aedeagus long, characteristic of the genus. Light brown ; vertex and . base of face mottled with dark brown, a dark mark across face about one-third from apex; antennae with two darker bands around second joint; front and middle tibiae banded with 574 two small (lark bands; pronotum with darker mottlings. Tegmina hyaline, clear, veins of similar color broken by dark marks, tubercles small bearing dark macrotrichia; wings hyaline with darker veins. Female. Macropterous; length 4.8 mm., tegmen 4.2 mm. Anal segment tubular, ventral surface grooved longitudinally, length twice the width, anus at apex, ovipositor reaching to apex of anal segment. Color similar to male. Described from eleven males and ten females from Tutuila, Samoa, from sea level to 1200 feet elevation, and ten males and three females from Savage Island or Niiie. ( Kellers, April to October, 1918.) Type No. 1013. The latter can be dis- tinguished by the small projections at the angles of the emargination being larger than in the Tutnila specimens. Ugyops bougainvillei sp. n. Fig. 9. Male. Macropterous; length 5.7 mm., tegmen 5.4 mm. Length of vertex 1.4 times the width at apex, which is slightly wider than base and moderately rounded, base considerably before the middle of eyes; length of face 2.4 times the width, narrowest between eyes, broadest a little before apex, two median carinae distinct to apex; antennae reaching beyond apex of clypeus, second joint twice the length of the first. Anal segment large, length about 2.5 times the width, tectiform, anus near apex; pygofer long ventrally, short dorsally, medio-ventral margin emarginate, produced in middle into two small processes, slightly flattened laterally and pointed at apex, sides widely angularly produced; genital styles subparallel sided, slightly curved and recurved, excavate on front surface, the apex at outer angle produced into a small square process turned at right angle to the body of style, the inner angle produced into two processes, the distal one the larger; aedeagus long, characteristic of the genus, the apical portion being longer than in U. kellersi. Stramineous, second joint of antennae fuscous, the apical half distinctly so, a faint trace of red between median frontal carinae, fuscous along the hind margin of niesonotura. Tegmina hyaline, stramineous, veins slightly darker, black or fuscous over greater portion of subcosta, at base and before cross veins on radius and over tho other veins to hind margin at these two points, fuscus at base of margin of clavus, apex fuscous, forming a small spot at apex of radial cell; tubercles small, bearing black macrotrichia; wings hyaline, veins brown. Female. Macropterous; length 6.4 mm., tegmen 6 mm., ovipositor projecting slightly beyond anal segment. • Darker than the male, the fuscous on veins of tegmhia darker and more extensive. 575 Described from one male and three females from Tntnila, Samoa, from 1100 to 2141 feet elevation (Kellers, April to September, 1919). Type No. 1014. This species is named after the great navigator who gave the old world the first knowledge of Samoa. Ugyops brevipennis sp. n. Fig. 11. Male. Brachypteroos ; length 4.5 mm., tegmen 3.2 mm. Length of vertex equal to width, apex slightly wider than base, the two medio- lateral earinae continuing on to the face separately, projecting beyond apex ; lengtli of face twice the width, broadest between antennae, sides slightly arcuate, two distinct median earinae; antennae reaching beyond apex of clypeus, second joint very slightly longer than first; tegmina reaching to middle of pygofer, cubitus forked near base, all others simple, claval suture absent, hind margin of pronotum straight. Anal segment large, length 1.4 times the width, ventral surface concave, anus about midflle, apex broadly round; pygofer long ventrally, short dorsally, medio-ventral edge roundly emarginate. a small triangular projection at bottom of emargination and another at each corner with a small emargination beyond it; genital styles nearly straight, broadest at base, inner edge slightly concave, apices rounded ; pen^s long and characteristic of genus. Light brown, darker over earinae, along the hind margin of pro- notimi, base and apex of second joint of antennae, genae around antennae, coxae and abdomen. Tegmina dark brown, b'ghter over apical cross veins and adjoining veins, and from middle 'of cla^'us to basal portion of costal cell; veins prominent, apparently without tubercles and macrotrichia. Female. Brachypterous; length 4.3 mm., tegmina 3.7 mm. Anal segment slightly longer than wide, tubular, slightly concave on ventral aspect. a]iex slightly emarginate, anus at apex; ovipositor prelecting very sliglitly beyond anal segment. In color SMuilar to male. There is a second female similar to the allotype except in size, viz., length 5.4 mm., tegmen 4.2 mm. Described from one male from Tutuila, Samoa, elevation 1070 feet, and two females, the allotype from Tutuila, 300 feet and the other 1200 feet. (Kellers, April and June, 1918.) Type Xo. 1015. Dicranotropis cognata Muir. Four specimens from Pago Pago (Kellers, April. 1918). Previously known from Queensland, Fiji and Philippine Islands. 576 Phyllodinus koebelei (Kirk.). Phacalastor koebelei Kirk. (1906) Bull. H. S. P. A., Knt. I, p. 408. Dicranoiropis koebelei (Kirk.) (1909) t. c. III. p. 134. Twenty-eight brachypteroiis specimens, April, 1918. and one macropterous specimen. Jwne, 1918 (Kellers), from Tutuila, Samoa. The front legs of this species are distinctly flattened and slightly expanded and so must come into the composite genus Phyllodinus Van D. as it stands at present. Perkinsiella vitiensis Kirk. Five specimens from Savage Island (Xiiie). (Kellers, August 6, 1918.) Hitherto this species has only been known from Fiji. As this species is attached to sugar cane and this plant was carried by the natives in their early migrations, the distribution of the insect in the south Pacific would be of interest and might throw some light on the migration of the Polynesians. This applies to many insects attached to economic plants carried by the natives on their voyages. Sardia pluto Kirk. One specimen from Tutuila. Samoa. (Kellers, December, 1918), 12(X) feet elevation. Previously known from Australia, Fiji, Formosa and Philippine Islands. Megamelus proserpina Kirk. One female specimen from Savage Island (Kellers, August 6, 1918). Previously known from Fiji, Amboina, Java and the Philippine Islands. Derbidae. Phaciocephalus tutuilae sp. n. Fig. 14. Male. Length 3 mm., tegmen 4 mm. Very much like ami closely allied to P. vitiensis Kirk. Head, pronotum, tegulae and hind legs yellow, fuscous over apex of clypeus, mesothorax brown with the lateral angles lighter, front and middle legs fuscous, abdomen and genitalia brown, base of abdomen light. Tegmina white with a longitudinal black mark starting from the 577 base of costa and ending at apex of R, covering half the radial cell longitudinally; posteriorly it is bounded by the claval suture and apical portion of the cubitus, another black mark along the hind margin of clavus. The white portion opaque with waxy secretion. Wings hyaline, fuscous, with brown veins. Medio-ventral edge of pygofer produced into a flat process longer than broad with the apex rounded, the process turns dorsad and lies between the bases of the styles, lateral margins of pygofer straight; anal segment long, broadest at apex where anus is situated, apex produced into two short, broad spines turned ventrad; genital styles spatulate, the inner margin near the base produced into a short, strong spine; on the outer margin a little more distad there is a slender, curved process with blunt apex. The apical margin near the inner corner is produced into a strong, flat spine turned inward; aedeagus large, jointed in middle, but not dissected out. Female. Length 2.7 mm., tegmen 4.6 mm. Similar to male. Genitalia including the seventh sternite (subgenital plate) dark brown. The hind margin of the seventh sternite produced into a quadrate process, the base of which is slightly broader than apex and the apical corners rounded. Described from two males and six females from Tutuila, Samoa (Kellers, April to August). Type No. 1016. This species is very near to P. vitiensis, which differs in having the spine on the apical margin of styles very small, the styles narrower and the apex of anal segment not produced into such curved points. The females of these two species appear to be alike. Lamenia caliginea Stal. Pigs. 13, 13a. This species was originally described from Tahiti, but I have not seen specimens from that locality. The long series from Tutuila and Niiie (Savage Island) agree in all the characters described. I figure the male genitalia and the hind margin of the subgenital plate of female. RlCANIIDAE. Plestia kellersi sp. n. Pig. 4. Male. Length 4.4 mm., tegmen 8 mm. In venation and structure this is typical of the genus. Anal segment about as broad as long, lateral margin rounded, anus near apex; genital styles subparallel sided to near apex, flat, the apical inner corner rounded, the outer produced into a point, the style looking like the head of a bird with a large neck; aedeagus short and broad, 578 two curved spines arise from near the apex, one on each side, and curved over dorsal aspect; just basad of these there is a small process. Light green or stramineous, darker in old specimens; abdomen darker green; pygofer, anal segment and styles brown; a round black spot at lateral margin of the pronotum beneath the eyes. Tegmina hyaline, veins broM'n, costal membrane, costal cell, the very narrow subcostal and apical subcostal cells brown with a darker mark at apex of subcostal cell and base of E2 and E3, the apical margin fuscous to the apex of clavus; wings hyaline, veins dark, hind margin slightly fuscous. Female. Length 5 mm., tegmen 9 mm. Similar to male. Pygofer and anal segment dark brown, ovipositor liglit. Described from two males and three females from Tutuila, Samoa, elevation 1200 feet (Kellers, April to December, 1918). Type No. 1017. The two males have a small cross- vein at the base of R2 — 3, which is absent in the female specimens. This species differs from P. marginata Montr., by having no light spots in costal membrane and no color bands on head and thorax. The genital styles of P. marginaia have the apices hammer shape, being more bluntly pointed on the outer corner of apex and considerably and roundly pro- duced on inner corner. Plestia anomala sp. n. Fig. 5. Male. Length 3.7 mm., tegmen 7 mm. Female. Length 5 mm., tegmen 8 mm. The genital styles of this species are slightly narrower than P. kellersi, and the small process basad of the curved spine on the aedea- gus is longer and thinner. In color and general build, it is the same as P. Tcellersi, except for one point in the venation of tegmina. Tn this species there is a submarginal row of cross-veins which is missing in P. Tcellersi, and the other two species of the genus. This character is enough to base a genus upon, according to the characters used in the family. But apart from this character the two species are so closely allied that I cannot agree in placing them in different genera. It would be of great interest to study these two species and see if they interbreed and the result of interbreeding. Described from two males and two females from Tutuila, Samoa {Kellers, April to December, 1918). Type No. 1018. 579 Tropiduchidae. Vanua poyeri sp. n. Male. Length 7.3 mm., tegmen 10.5 mm. Vertex slightly longer and more pointed at the apex and the face slightly longer and nioro pointed at the base, otherwise typical of the genus. Male genitalia asymmetrical; pygofer deeply and angularly emarginate on ventral edge, lateral margins angularly produced, the right side more acutely, the left side with the angular production turned inward; anal segment symmetrical, large, long, fairly narrow, widened and rounded on apical half, apex rounded, anus about one-third from apex; only one median genital style, much longer than broad, sides subparallel, apex with slight emargination in middle, a large curved spine arises from left side about middle; penis long, slender cylindrical, with slender apex, jointed about one-fourth from apex, there is a membrane capable of expansion on apical third. Light oriental green to straw color or light brown, in some specimens carinae slightly tinted with red; abdomen brownish. Tegmina and wings hyaline, veins light green, stramineous or light brown. Female. Length 8.5 mm., tegmen 9.5 mm. Pregenital plate straight on hind margin with a semi-circular patch in middle of hind margin with a different texture to the rest of the sternite; anal segment semi-conical, the apex larger than base, ventral apical edge roundly produced. In color similar to male. Described from eight males and seventeen females from Tntuila, elevation 900 to 1200 feet (Kellers, June, July, 1918). Type No. 1019. This species I have named after Captain J. M. Foyer, Governor of American Samoa. Vanua angusta. sp. n. Fig. 15. Male. Length 7 mm., tegmen 6.5 mm. Length of vertex slightly greater than width (1.2 to 1), widest just anterior of eyes, from where it narrows to a pointed apex; the face equally elongated and pointed at base, the diagonal carinae on face reaching to anterior margin of eye, as in the type species. In all other respects similar to genotype. Genitalia asymmetrical; pygofer similar to V. poyeri, but the projec- tion on right side flat, broad, bent at right angles and with slightly rounded apex, that on left side small, narrow with rounded apex, anal segment long, narrow, apex pointed with a large, curved spine beneath pointing basad, anus about one-third from apex; the single median genital style broad, subparallel sided, apex truncate with two small emarginations, a curved spine arises on left edge slightly apical of middle; penis long, cylindrical, with apex developed into a small, round process beset with small teeth and large, semi-membraneous process, broad at base and pointed at apex with two rows of small teeth. 580 Light green turning to straw color or light brown in older specimens. Tegmina and wings hyaline, veins green or yellowish brown. Female. Length 7.5 mm., tegmen 7 mm. Pregenital plate with a semi-quadrate emargination on the hind margin, wider than deep; anal segment conical, short, anus at apex, ventral apical edge not much produced. Color similar to male. Described from six males and six females from Niiie or Savage Island (Kellers, August 6, 1918). Type No. 1020. This species is of interest because it stands between the type species and Rhinodictya Kirk. Melichar's tribe Peggiogini for those Tropiduchidae having elongated heads I think is a purely artificial one. Vaniia, Leptovanna and Rhmodictya are closely allied, but Peggioga is nearer to Xitmicia. The condition of the genital styles in this family is of interest. On some genera, i. e. Ommatissns loufouensis Muir, these organs are symmetrical and separate with their bases near together ; the penis is surrounded by a ring from which projects a pair of long, slender processes nearly as long as the long, thin, tubular, penis. In Tatiibinia forniosa Kirk, and allied genera the genital styles are symmetrical, but their bases are amalgamated so that they act as a single organ ; the penis is partly surrounded by a sheath. In Vanua and allied genera the genital styles are joined together to the apex and form a single asymmetrical organ ; the penis has no surrounding sheath or homalogous structure. We also find a corresponding modification of the tegmen. In Ommatissus the venation is simple and there is no costal area; in Tambinia the tegmen is broader, the venation more numerous and there is an indication of a costal area. In Joanna the tegmen is broad, there is a large costal area with cross-veins and the venation is much more numerous. This would indicate that the primitive type had a tegmen with a simple venation without costal area and a complex aedeagus with a penis surrounded by a more or less complex structure, and two genital styles which were symmetrical. 581 ISSIDAE. Capelopterum maculifrons sp. n. Figs. 17, 17a. Male. Length 4.3 mm., tegmen 4.8 mm. Vertex broader than long; face slightly longer than broad, inner carinae subparallel to outer, distinct, nearer to the outer carinae than to the middle of face, surface of face finely rugose. Head and thorax stramineous or greenish, face speckled all over with small brown markings, clypeus brown over middle, pronotum with brown speckles, hind femora shiny brown, abdomen greenish, pygofer brown. Tegmina greenish brown with a hyaline patch across middle, the border of the hyaline patch being dark brown, whitish speckles in the cells, plainest on hyaline area; wings hyaline, slightly fuscous, veins brownish. Genital styles slightly convex on inner edge, nearly straight on outer edge, broadest before middle, apex narrow, truncate, with the outer corner produced and slightly curved. Anal segment short, broad, in profile the ventral margin emarginate, apex rounded in middle, thus making five round projections, one apical and two on each side. The aedeagus is complex (fig. 17). It consists of a tube divided at the apex into two lobes (b) and having a small central lobe (a) on which the gonopore or opening of the ejaculatory duct is situated. Surrounding this is a large, complex organ forming a tube at the base and dividing into several free appendages at the apex. Ventrally there is a narrow projection (c) furcate at its apex, then a broader lobe divided into two (d) at its apex, these lobes bear a smaller projection at the side, from each side of the middle of this lobe, basad of the furcation, arises a long, slender, pointed process (e), still basad of these and near the base of c there is a semi-circular appendage (f) on each side, joined to the main body at its middle. From the dorsal side arises a broad plate divided into a pair of pointed lobes (g) and a median lobe (h). From near the point where the trifurcation takes place arises a pair of curved processes (i), and basad of these a pair of strong, pointed processes (k). It is impossible to homologize these processes at the present time and useless to name them. Female. Length 5 mm., tegmen 5.7 mm. In profile abdomen concave at base, convex and rounded at apex with the last visible tergite overlapping the greater portion of anal segment; anal segment curved to a point at apex; pregenital plate with hind margin sinuate in middle. Color similar to male, but the hyaline spot and its border not so evident. Described .from fourteen males and six females from 582 Tutuila, from 900 to 1200 feet elevation (Kellers. April, June, July. 1918). Type No. 1021. Capelopterum fuscifrons sp. u. Male. Length 3.8 mm., tegmen 4.6 mm. Face longer than broad (1 to 1.3). Face and clypeus brown with a few light specks between outer carinae of face; vertex and nota light brown or stramineous speckled with brown, abdomen brownish; front and middle femora and tibiae brown, hind femora and basal half of tibiae brown. Tegmina similar to C. maculifrons but more brownish. Genitalia on the same plan as C. maculifrons but with distinct differences. The fork at apex of c -is longer, the large spines on d stouter, the apices of d more acute, the spine i sinuate and small at base and flattened at apex. The two species are closely related but specifically distinct. Female. Length 4 mm., tegmen 5 nmi. Similar in color to male, but the hyaline spot and dark border very obscure. Described from two males and two females from Niiie or Savage Island (Kellers, August, 1918). Type No. 1022. PLATE X. DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES. 1. Eurynomeus gramtlatus, right tegmen; la, aedeagus and anal seg- ment, lateral view; 1&, male genitalia ventral view; Ic male genitalia dorsal view; Id penis. 2. Meenoplus atrovenosus, left tegmen. 3. Meenoplus langlei, left tegmen; 3a male genitalia lateral view. 4. Plestia Tcellersi, male genitalia lateral view. 5. Plestia anomala, left tegmen; "c" costal vein; c costal margin. 6. Myndus roggeweini, male genitalia lateral view. 7. Austroloma haumanensis, left tegmen; la male genitalia lateral view. 8. Neolollius viridis, face; 8a vertex and pronotum. 9. Ugyops Tcellersi, male genitalia ventral view. 10. Ugyops samoaensis, male genitalia ventral view. 11. Ugyops brevipennis, male genitalia ventral view. 12. Ugyops bougainvillei, male genitalia A'entral view. 13. Lamenia caliginea, male genitalia lateral view; 13a subgenital plate of female. 14. Phaciocephalus iutuilae, male genitalia lateral view. 15. Vanua angtista, male genitalia latero-ventral view. 16. Austroloma wilkesi, male genitalia lat-eral view. 17. Capelopterum maculifrons, aedeagus lateral view; 17a penis, lateral Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV. Plate X. Samoan Fulgorids. 584 Neolollius gen. n. Vertex square, the length in middle equal to width, apex and base slightly concave; lateral carinae deep, those of apex and base small, a small line but no carina down the middle ; the face between the medio- lateral carinae projecting beyond the vertex; face narrowest at base, apical half roundly and broadly produced, side distinctly carinate, the inner carinae near to the outer but distinctly raised above them especially basally, face between inner carinae excavate, no median carina; antennae small, globose, eyes without antennal emargination; pronotum with two small depressions near the middle; abdomen compressed; hind tibiae with two spines. Venation as in Lollius Stal, the apical margins of the tegmina truncate. This genus .is a modification of Lollius, the face is broader than long and in dorsal view there is a distinct break between the square vertex and the produced face. Neolollius viridis sp. n. Figs. 8, 8a. Male. Length 6 mm., tegmen 6.6 mm. Light green; head, pronotum and legs speckled with small, brownish marks, abdomen brownish below; tegmina with a few small, brown spots on hind margin and some faint whitish ones scattered over the cells. Genital styles triangular, flattish, the acute apex turned in at right angles; anal segment narrow, concave on ventral side, apex rounded, anus about one-third from apex; aedeagus not dissected out. Described from two males from Tutnila, 900 to 1200 feet elevation (Kellers, June 30, 1918). Type No. 1023. So far as my present knowledge goes there is a distinction between the male genitalia of Flatidae, Ricaniidae and Issidae. In the Issidae the aedeagus consists of a large outer tube with or without complex appendages and a very small inner tube without any complex appendages, and a fairly large penis or lobe on which the gonopore is situated. In the Ricaniidae the outer tube is large and has no appendages, the inner tube small but with two large lateral appendages and the penis is small. In the Flatidae the outer tube is small with long appendages, the inner tube large without appendages, and the penis is small. 585 On the Curculionidae of the Samoan Islands (Coleoptera). BY GL'Y A. K. MARSHALL, D. SC, C. M. C. Throiii^h the kindness of Mr. F. Muir I have been able to examine a small but interesting series of Curculionidae from the collection of Mr. W. M. Giffard, taken by Dr. H. C. Kellers, of the United States Navy, on the small island of Tutuila in the Samoan Group. Very little appears to be known concerning the weevils of this grouj), and the only records I have been able to find are a few species described by L. b'airmaire. and a short paper by Dr. K. M. llellcr on a small collection made by Dr. Rechinger in 1905. It seemed, therefore, desirable to get together all the information that was available, and I have thus added descrip- tions of the Samoan weevils contained in the British Museiun, which were mostly collected by the late Dr. IT. Swale in 1916 and 1917. There are four small species of uncertain generic j)osition in Dr. Kellers' collection, which cannot be dealt with owing to the inadetfuacy or poor condition of the material ; and Dr. Heller has recorded an undetermined sjjecies of Diatlictes. Sl'p.family Otioriiyncijinae. Sphaerorhinus puncticollis sp- n. Color black, the elytra often partly or even wholly dark red-brown; the upper surface thinly clothed with extremely flat separated transparent scales, which appear as though they mifjht be moroly a sculpturing of the integument; in addition tiiore are the following markings formed of small round greyish-white scales : a patch on the rostrum continuous with a small patch adjoining each eye; a narrow lateral stripe on the basal half of the prothorax; on the elytra, a variable short humeral row of about three small spots, in the middle of the disk a very irregular assemblage of small spots extending from stria 1 or 2 to 7, a narrow sutural stripe on the declivity, and a few minute spots near the apex. These markings are extremely variable, reaching their highest development in the females, and being mostly or entirely absent in the males. Male. Head with coarse i)unctures that are usually more or less Proc. Haw. Ent. Sue, IV, No. ?,, September, 1921. 586 confluent, the eyes moderately convex. Bostrnm in profile shorter than the head; the declivous anterior portion as long as the dorsal basal part, broad, shiny and with scattered unequal punctures; the basal half -with coarse punctures that are hidden by the sealing; the genae with rather long, obliquely raised, white setae. Antennae with the scape moderately curved, gradually clavate, and with sparse small round scales (often abraded) and subrecumbent white setae; the funicle with the joints all longer than broad, the order of relative length being: (1, 2), 3, (4, 5, 6, 7). Prothorax as long as broad, the sides rather strongly rounded, broadest at the middle, and narrower at the apex than at the base; the sides compressed near the base and with a short longitudinal fold above the compressed area ; the whole surface set with coarse separated punctures, which become rather sparser and smaller near the apex, occasionally having a trace of a smooth median line in the basal half. Elytra ovate, jointly truncate at tlie base, the sides strongly rounded, broadest well before the middle, sharply pointed behind, but the outline scarcely sinuate before the apex; the dorsal outline moderately convex, not continuous with that of the prothorax, deepest at about one-third from the base, the posterior declivity comparatively gradual ; there are ten rows of finely separated punctures, which are not striate except at the extreme lateral margins and sometimes near the apex, but behind the middle there are usually addi- tional confused punctures between striae 7 and 9; the intervals between the rows are quite smooth and devoid of setae, except near the apex. Legs slender, sparsely set with short white setae. Length, 3.5-3.8 mm.; breadth, 1.6-2.2 mm. Female. With the elytra much broader, the sides strongly sinuate before the apex, and the apex itself more produced and much more acute. Length, 4.8-5.5 mm.; breadth, 2.4-2.8 mm. Habitat.— Tntnila Island; Center of Island, 700-1200 feet. VI-IX, 1918 (Dr. H. C. Kellers). Type (male) in the British IMusenm ; cotypes in the col- lection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station. Described from twenty-three males and eleven females. Allied to S phacrorhimis ("SpJiacropfcrus" ) seriegranatiis Fairm., from Plji, but that species dififers inter alia in its longer rostrum, the declivous portion being shorter than the basal dorsal part ; the forehead is striolate ; the pronotum is granular between the punctures; the elytra are much less abruptly acu- minate behind in the female, the punctures are larger and deeper, and the alternate intervals finely granulate. 587 Elytrurus samoensis sp Black, uniformly and densely clothed with pale sandy, dark grey or greenish grey scaling, often with a slight coppery reflection, especially on the legs. Female. Head with shallow confluent punctures that are concealed by the scaling and a deep frontal fovea ; eyes much flattened, oval. Bostrum a little longer than the head, strongly dilated from base to apex, the sides straight; the dorsal area also dilated from base to apex, confluently punctate and tricostate as far as the insertion of the antennae, the apical part shiny and sparsely punctate. Antennae red-brown, the scape rather sparsely setose and without true scales; the funicle with two basal joints equal, the remainder subequal inter se ; the basal joint of the club as long as the next two together. Prothorax as long as its basal width, the sides subparallel from the base nearly to the middle and thence roundly narrowed to the apex; the dorsum gently sloping anteriorly, rather sparsely granulate on the disk but not at the sides, with a broad shallow longitudinal impression, with sometimes a trace of a low median carina. Elt/tra broadly ovate, widest before the middle and rapidly nar- rowing to a fairly sharp point ; the dorsal outline moderately convex longitudinally and transversely, the posterior declivity sloping compara- tively gradually to the apex; the dorsum without distinct striae, even when denuded, but irregularly set with minute flat inconspicuous granules; the lateral margins very sharply inflexed, thus forming a more or less obtuse lateral ridge, along which the granules are more noticeable; the inflexed margins with a few very distinct oblique striae and rows of granules. Stermirn and venter densely clothed with narrow lanceolate scales and with sparse short obliquely raised setae. Legs : front coxae broadly impressed in front, the upper anterior margin roundly produced; the femora with sparse recumbent setae (mostly arising from small granules), those on the lower surface rather longer and obliquely raised; the front tibiae rather strongly incurved in the apical third, finely den- ticulate internally and there armed with a row of transparent spines; the hind tibiae almost straight and very feebly denticulate internally. Length, 12-14.2.5 mm.; breadth, 5.6-7.2 mm. Habitat. — Samoan Islands. 1876 (Rcx'. J. S. JJ'hifnicc). Type in the British Museum. Described from three females. Elytrurus samoensis var. setiventris n. Agrees entirely with the typical form, except that all the scales on the venter and those on the median part of the meso- and metasternum are setiform. Habitat.— Tutuila Island: One female, 760-900 feet (H. C. Kellers). 588 Type in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station. Type No. 1028. Described from a single female. Probably a local race. Elytrurus bicolor sp. n. Female. Color black, the upper sides of the prothorax and elytra clothed with green scales, with some buff ones intermixed ; the remainder of the insect, including the scutellum, covered with dark buff scales, those on the head, rostrum, legs mostly having a coppery reflection. Very similar structurally to E. samoensis, the description of which will apply to it, except in the following points: Scales on the upper surface larger and more nearly circular"; the longitudinal impression on the pronotum much narrower, forming a more definite furrow and without any central carina, the granules flatter and more confluent ; the sub- lateral ridge on the elytra distinctly sharper, the granules on the disk more conspicuous and forming more or less regular rows, and the setae on the extreme margin of the apical half noticeably longer; the intercoxal process of the mesosternun) very deeply emarginate at apex (in samoensis it is almost straight or very slightly sinuate) ; the venter and the middle of the metasternum with narrow lanceolate scales, those on the former becoming gradually narrower posteriorly, so that on the last segment they are almost hair-like; the front tibiae rather more strongly curved and with longer denticulations. Length, 14.25 mm.; breadth, 7 mm. Plabitat. — Samoan Islands, 1875 fRcz'. J. S. JVhifiuce). Type in the British Museum. Described from a single female. Elytrurus bivittatus sp. n. Male. Color black, with markings formed of brill'ant pale green scales, the pronotum shiny, the head and elytra dull; the head with a large green spot just behind each eye; the prothorax with a broad green median stripe from base to apex, and a small green spot in the middle of the area on each side of it, the whole of the pleurae being densely clothed with golden scales, which are mingled with green ones along the upper edge; the scutellum with green scaling; each elytron with a single very broad stripe from the shoulder to the apex, lying mainly between striae 4 and 8; the lower surface densely clothed with narrow golden scales, except the base of the mesosternum and the portions of the metas- ternum lying between the mid and hind coxae, Avhich are bare. Head very finely and sparsely punctate, each puncture containing a ?hort recumbent seta; the rostral costae encroaching somewhat on the forehead, which bears a deep central fovea. Bostrum strongly dilated from base to apex, the sides straight ; the dorsal area aciculate, with fine sparse shallow punctures and slight inequalities, a very indefinite median costa, and a more shiny and sparsely punctate lateral costa on each side 589 curving inwards at the base in the direction of the frontal fovea. Antennae as in E. samoensis but proportionately longer. Prothorax a little longer than broad, almost parallel-sided from the base to the middle, then roundly narrowed to the apex; the dorsum gently convex longi- tudinally, with a broad shallow median furrow in the basal half, the shiny area on each side minutely punctate and with scattered rather large punctures, each bordered inwardly or anteriorly by a nuich flattened granule; most of the punctures bearing minute recumbent pale setae. Elytra narrowly ovate; rather sharply pointed behind and almost jointly rounded at the apex; the punctures in the rows separated by their own length or more and each with a depressed granule at its anterior edge; the punctures in the stripes not visible through the scaling, and the rows on the inflexed margins curved, irregular behind and not reaching the base; a large shallow oval impression close to the lateral margin not far from the base; the bare intervals adjoining the suture eacli with a row of small, much depressed, distant granules; on the broad inflexed margin of the elytra the median interval has a curved row of about 12-16 shiny granules, each bearing a stout upwardly directed red-brown spine, and below it another sparser row of sini'lar but much smaller spines; the extreme lateral margin of the elytra with a fringe of projecting setae on the apical half. Legs coriaceous, with numerous low shiny granules (each bearing a stout recumbent seta) and thmly clothed with narrow blue-green scales; the hind femora with a large smooth oval impression on the inner face. Venter with the first ventrite very broadly and shallowly impressed. Length, 12 mm.; breadth, 5 mm. Habitat. — Upolu Island. One male, Tafua Volcano, 1917 (Dr. H. Szvale). Type in the British Museum. A strikingly distinct species. Subf.\:milv Acicnemidinae. Acicnemis foveicollis Heller. A. foveicollis Heller. Denks. K. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXXXIX : 695, 1913. Habitat. — Savaii Island (Dr. Rechinger): Upolu Island (Dr. Rechinger): Tutuila Island, one male and one female. 760-1070 feet, IV and VI. 1918 (Dr. H. C. Kellers). Tahiti: Tonga Islands ; Wallis Island. Genus Trigonopterus Fauvel (1862). It is not clear whether Pascoe's genus Idotasia (1872) is really distinct from Trigonopterus, but certainly several species 590 that have been inchided in it are inseparable from the latter genus. Including the three new ones here described, six species of Trigonopterus are now known from the Samoan Islands, and they may be distinguished by the characters given in the fol- lowing key : 1. (10). The apical portion of the elytra nmch produced backwards, the dorsal outline sloping gradually behind. 2. (5). Prothorax finely punctate above; elytra almost impunctate on the disk. 3. (4). Elytra with a transverse fascia at the base and an oblong fascia at the apex formed of snow-white hairs, and with two distinct lines of punctures at the lateral margin; sides of prothorax subparallel in the basal half aeneoniveus Frm. 4. (3). Elytra entirely without white markings and with only one lateral row of punctures; sides of prothorax convergent an- teriorly throughout submetalUcus sp. n. 5. (2). Prothorax coarsely punctate; elytra with regular rows of punctures throughout. 6. (7). Prothorax not constricted at the apex; 7th row of punctures on the elytra extending only from the apex to the middle. bicolor sp. n. 7. (6). Prothorax constricted at the apex; 7th row of punctures on the elytra extending nearly to the base. 8. (9). Elytra with all nine rows of punctures more or less striate, and with an elongate spot of white scales on each side at the apex biiiotatus sp. n. 9. (8). Elytra with only the 1st and 2nd and 9th rows of punctures striate, and without white spots samoaniis Hell. 10. (1). The apical portion of the elytra not produced backwards, the dorsal outline abruptly declivous behind cribreUicoUis Frm. Trigonopterus submetallicus sp. n. 'Color uniform shiny black, purplish or bronze. Male and female. Head with distinct separated punctures, which gradually disappear on the extreme vertex; the forehead with much coarser confluent punctures and short erect pale setae; a deep furrow along the upper margin of each eye. Bostrum (male) with three well- marked dorsal carinae extending nearly to the apex, and an additional carina on each side forming the upper edge of the scrobe; the surface set with short suberect white setae placed transversely, except at the base 591 where the setae are longer, scale-like and directed backwards; in the female the three dorsal carinae disappear behind the middle, the anterior half being bare and shiny, with a double median row of fine punctures and a deep lateral stria on each side. Prothorax a little broader than long, broadest at the base, with the sides almost straight and gradually- narrowing for four-fifths of its length, then narrowing more rapidly to the apex, but not constricted; the dorsal apical margin very slightly arcuate, the basal margin without any transverse row of punctures; the dorsal punctures very fine and widely spaced, but becoming larger towards the front margin; laterally the punctures are very large and coarse in the front half, and fine and sparse behind. Elytra rather elongate (3:2), very slightly widening for a short distance behind the base and then rather rapidly narrowing to the apex, the sides being almost straight; the apex broadly subtruncate, with the external angles rounded; the surface practically impunctate except along the base, lateral margin and the apex, but sometimes with faint traces of rows of minute punctures; at the base a transverse row of large single punctures, which is continued along the lateral margin (but the punctures are here much smaller and shallow) and becomes a punctate stria at the apex; the whole apical area rugosely punctato-striate, each puncture containing a minute pale seta; dorsal outline continuous with that of the pronotum, deepest near the base, thence sloping (by no means steeply) to the apex. Legs sparsely clothed with short white setae, but no scales; femora not toothed, coarsely punctato-striate on the distal half, sparsely and finely punctate towards the base. Length, 3.25-4 mm.; breadth, 1.4-1.8 mm. Habitat.— Tutiiila Island: 1000 feet, Mil, 1918 (Dr. H. C. Kellers). Type in the British Museum ; cotypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station. Described from nine males and three females. Trigonopterus binotatus sp. u. Head, prothorax and legs black ; elytra, mesosternum and metasternum chestnut-brown, the base and apex of the elytra blackish; on each elytron a small elongate patch of dense white scales at the apex, lying between striae 3 and 6, and recumbent white setae in each of the punctures in the apical fourth of the external stria. Male. Head with strong separated punctures, which are much larger and confluent on the forehead, which bears suberect white setae; a narrow furrow above each eye. Rostrum with three dorsal carinae extending for three-fourths of its length (the median one much broader than the other two) and a lateral carina forming the upper edge of the scrobe; the furrows betwen the carinae shallowly and confluently punctate, and the apical area with very large shallow punctures. Prothorax a little broader than long, with the sides subparallel for about one-third from the base, 592 then roundly narrowed and distinctly constricted at Hie apex; the dorsal apical margin truncate, the basal margin impressed and with a transverse row of punctures; the entire upper surface fairly evenly set with large deep separated punctures and without any smooth median line; laterally the punctures are larger and much more crowded in the anterior half, but very sparse in the smooth basal impression for the reception of the anterior femora. Elytra scarcely dilated behind the base and then rapidly narrowing to the broadly rounded apex, the sides being almost straight; the basal margin elevated, subtruncate, but curving slightly forwards at the external angles ; the complete regular rows of deep spaced punctures all more or less shallowly striate, the spaces between the punctures being as long or longer than the punctures themselves, and a basal puncture in each row much larger than the rest; intervals 1, 2 and 5 each with a comjilete row of punctures, the other dorsal intervals with only a few punctures towards the base; the posterior declivity rather longer and less steep than in T. siibmetallicus. Legs clothed with rather stout white setae, and the posterior pairs of femora with a row of elongate white scales along the dorsal edge; the femora not toothed, with irregular rows of deep punctures from base to apex, the apical punctures much longer and more or less confluent. Length, 4 mm.; breadth, 1.8 mm. Habitat— Tntuila Island: One male. 2141 feet, 22. IX, 1918 (Dr. H. C. Kellers I. Type in the collection of the Hawaiian Sus^ar Planters" Experiment Station. Type No. 1029. Trigonopterus bicolor sp. n. Male and female. Color shining black, the elytra chestnut-brown, with the apex blackish; devoid of scaling or appreciable setae. Head impunc- tate on the vertex, closely punctate in front and confluently so on the forehead; a deep narrow furrow above the eye. Eostrum (male) with the usual five carinae extending almost to the apex, the three dorsal ones about equal in width, the apical area rather uneven but scarcely punctate; the setae inconspicuous, very short and recumbent; in the female- the dorsal carinae cease behind the middle, the apical portion being strongly punctate, with a broad impunctate median stripe in its basal half. Pro- thorax almost as long as broad, gradually narrowed from base to apex, the sides gently rounded and not constricted at the apex; the basal margin impressed and with a transverse row of punctures, the apical dorsal margin distinctly arcuate; the whole upper surface with widely spread strong punctures, which are rather less dense towards the sides and base; the lateral punctures similar to those on the disk. Elytra elongate, the sides slightly rounded close to the base, then rapidly nar- rowed to the produced and broadly rounded apex; the basal margin truncate and slightly raised; the rows of punctures scarcely striate except towards the apex, rows of seven and eight uniting in the basal half to form 593 a single row of large punctures; the basal puncture in each row larger than the others, and in the male all the punctures in the basal half of the lateral rows are very much larger than those on the disk, but this is much less marked in the female; the dorsal intervals with single rows of very minute distinct punctures; Legs with sparse short white setae; the femora not toothed, the punctures dense and coarse on the apical half, but forming regular rows towards the base. Length, 2.8 mm. ; breadth, 1.2 mm. Habitat. — Tutuila Island: Three males and one female, 760- 1200 feet, IV and VI, 1918 (Dr. H. C. Kellers). Type in the British Museum ; cotypes in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station. Trigonopterus samoanus (Heller). Idoiasia sanwana Heller, Denks. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, LXXXIX, 696, 1913. Habitat. — Upolu Island; under bark of a dead tree, 1905 (Dr. Rechinger); Tutuila Island: Eight males, 900-1200 feet, VI-MI, 1918 (Dr. H. C. Kellers). Trigonopterus aeneoniveus Frm. Trigonopterus aeiieonkriis Eairmaire, Le Naturaliste, 1879, p. 3; Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1881, p. 315. Habitat. — Samoan Islands. ( Unknown to the writer. ) Trigonopterus cribrellicollis Frm. Trigonopterus crlhrelllcollls Eairmaire, Ann. Soc. Ent. Erance, 1881, p. 316. Habitat. — Samoan Islands. The description suggests that this possibly is not a true Trigonopterus. Orochlesis nigrofasciata sp. n. Female. Color reddis^h brown, densely clothed above with light brown scaling variegated with whitish and blackish scales; the head with the scaling pale brown, rather darker on the forehead, and with a short median whitish stripe on the vertex; the pronotum with a very irregular and indefinite whitish median stripe, and a small blackish patch on each side of it at the base; the elytra with a few whitish scales round the scutellum, a small well-defined oblong white patch on interval 4 at one- third from base, a narrow oblique blackish band running from near the 594 suture at the top of the declivity forwards to stria 7 a little in front of the middle, and a few other scattered whitish and blackish scales; the prosternum with separated broad pale brown scales interspersed with narrow ones; the rest of the lower surface very thinly clothed with small setiform scales, each arising from a puncture. Head with the forehead narrowing from the base of the rostrum to the top of the eyes, without any median fovea. Rostrum rather flat- tened dorso-ventrally, strongly narrowed from the base to the antennae and thence almost parallel-sided ; the apical two-thirds bare, shiny and with sparse minute punctures; rather coarsely punctate at the base with a few pale scales. Antennae with the two basal joints of the funicle equal, the remainder transverse and becoming successively wider. Prothorax about twice as broad as long, parallel-sided for a short distance from the base, then rapidly narrowing to the well-marked apical constriction; the basal margin truncate, except for a small rounded projection in front of the scutellum; the dorsal apical margin strongly rounded; the dorsum even, the large close punctures mostly hidden by the scales, which are much larger than those on the elytra. Scutellum punctiform, bare, glabrous. Elytra not broader at the shoulders than at the base of the prothorax, the sides gently rounded, the base truncate and submarginate, the apices jointly and obtusely rounded; the shallow striae with large separated punctures that are not covered by the scaling, but become much smaller behind; striae 8, 9 and 10 (abbreviated) much deeper than the others; the dorsal intervals broad and even, each bearing a row of small recumbent scale-like setae that are not easily discernible; the dorsal outline not continuous with that of the thorax, but rising rather rapidly to about one-third from the base and sloping more gently to the apex. Legs without any angular tooth on the femora. Sternum with the meta- sternum between the mid and hind coxae as long as the mid coxa. Length, 3.2 mm.; breadth, 1.8 mm. Habitat. — Upolii Island: One female. Tafua \"olcano, 1917 (Dr. H. Swale). Type in the British Museimi. Closely allied to 0. solea Pascoe (Jl. Linn. See. Lond., XI, 195. 1873), from Batchian, which, however, has two white spots on the front margin of the pronotum and two white spots on each elytron ; the prothorax begins to narrow immediately from the base, is much more produced in front and is coarsely and reticulately punctate ; the femora bear a very small angular tooth ; the metasternum between the coxae is shorter than the mid coxa, etc. 595 Subfamily Calandrinae. Cosmopolites sordidus (Germ.). Habitat.— Upolu Island (Dr. H. Swale). Rhabdocnemis obscura (Boisd.). Habitat. — Upolu Island: under bark (Dr. Rechinger) ; Tu- tuila (Dr. H. C. Kellers). Calandra oryzae L- Habitat. — Upolu Island (Dr. Rechinger). Diocalandra taitensis (Guer.). Habitat. — Tutuila Island : One female, center of island, 900- 1200 feet (Dr. H. C. Kellers). Subfamily Cossoninae. Genus Glyphostethus nov. Head globular, deeply imbedded in the thorax; the eyes very shortly ovate, entirely lateral, coarsely facetted. Eostriim short and stout, only half as long as the prothorax, and quite straight, but directed down- wards; the scrobes deep, widening behind and passing rapidly beneatii the rostrum, but broadly separated at the base. Antomae inserted beyond the middle of the rostrum; the scape short and stout, not reaching the eye, widening from base to apex; the funiclc with joint 1 a little longer and much broader than 2, 3 to 7 transverse and becoming successively wider; the club shortly oval, as long as the three preceding joints, the apical third spongy. Proihorax strongly and broadly constricted in front, with the apical dorsal margin so much produced that the head, when deflected, is invisible from above. Scutellum small, punctiform. Elytra, oblong- ovate, much broader at the shoulders than the prothorax, subtruneate at the base, and with stria 10 very short. Legs with the femora hardly clavate, unarmed,; the tibiae straight, sl'ghtly compressed and strongly uncinate; the tarsi four-jointed, joint 3 not broader than 2, the claws free and simple. Stern vm : the prosternum below the level of the metasternum, with a deep furrow in front of the coxae, the front margin very deeply sinuate, the coxae rather narrowly separated; the central piece of the mesosternum trapezoidal, narrowed behind, the front margin shallowly sinuate; the metasternum between the coxae rather longer than the mid coxa. Genotype, Glyphostethus cancellatus sp. n. The only known species presents a strong superficial resem- 596 blance to Dryophfhorus, from which it differs in not having the prosternum in one plane, in its hood-Hke pronotum, small antennal club, short scape, short metasternum, and, above all, in its deep prosternal furrow and strongly sinuate gular margin, characters which I have not observed elsewhere in the Cossoninae. Glyphostethus cancellatus sp. n. Male. Color dull black, the foveae filleil with light brown ijienistation (possibly advontitioas) ; the antennae and legs red-brown. Head finely rugulose all over, and with a faint transverse depression across the forehead. Hostruvi narrowed from the base to the middle and then grndnally dilated to the apex; the upjier surface distinctly' rugulose, without furrows or carinae. Prothorax as long as broad, very convex with the sides gently rounded in the basal two-thirds, strongly and very broadly constricted at the apex, the whole apical area being depressed much below the level of the posterior portion; the basal margin truncate and depressed, the apical strongly and broadly rounded ; the whole surface covered evenly with large reticulate foveae. Elytra parallel- sided from the shoulders to beyond the middle, sharply constricted before the apices, which are jointly and broadly rounded; the basal margin truncate in the middle as far as interval 4, and shallowly bisinuate between that and the shoulder; the broad shallow striae with regular rows of large reticulate foveae, the septa in tlie rows being as broad as the intervals between the rows; the intervals finely rugulose; a shallow impression behind the scutellum and a much deeper one on each side near the apex. Length, 3.25 mm. ; breadth, 1.4 mm. Habitat.— Upolu Island: One male, Apia, 1916 (Dr. H. Szvale) . Type in the British INIuseum. Pentarthrum cyl'ndricum Woll. Habitat.— Upolu Island: One female. Apia, 1916 (Dr. H. Szvale) . This species is widely distributed throughout the Tropics. Oxydema frsiforme Woll. Habitat. — Upolu Island: Six males and eight females. Apia, 1916; one male, Tafua Volcano, 1917 (Dr. H. Swalc). This is another widely distributed species. , Originally de- scribed from Ceylon, it occurs also in the Seychelles. Rodri- guez, the Marquesas Islands and the Hawaiian Islands. Speci- 597 mens from the last-named locality have been described under the name of Pseudohis hospes Perkins. Cossonus dentipes sp- n. Male, female. Color shiny black, the apical half of the rostrum, the antennae and the legs reddish or yellowish brown, and the body with markings of the same color; the pronotiim with a marking like the head of an inverted trident, its base resting on the subapical transverse furrow and the three prongs almost reaching the base of the pronotum, the median one being a little broader and better defined than the others; each elytron with a large oblong basal patch lying between stria 2 and the shoulder and varying from rather longer than to twice as long as broad, and a small ovate preapical patch lying between striae 1 and 3 ; the prosternum with the sides broadly and the front and hind margins narrowly black. The rest yellow-brown, a narrow pale band connecting the prosternal with the pronotal patch anteriorly; the rest of the sternum more or less suffused in the middle, and the venter along the margins, with red-brown. Head with only a very few minute punctures on the vertex, which is separated from the forehead by a very shallow transverse impression; the forehead rather strongly and closely punctuate, with a deep central fovea. Eostrum half the length of the prothorax in the male, shorter in the female, subcompressed laterally in the basal half, strongly dilated and subquadrate in the apical half; the punctures rather finer and more sparse than those on the forehead. Prothorax about as long as broad, with the sides gently rounded, broadest behind the middle, strongly constricted near the apex, the constriction continued across the disk as a deep curved punctate furrow; the basal margin shallowly bisinuate, and just within it a deep transverse impression on each side of the middle line; the disk flattened, with two very irregular admedian rows of large punctures enclosing a smooth strip, the adjoining areas of the disk on each side with sparse punctures, those at the sides being much denser and coarser. Elytra oblong-ovate, parallel-sided from the shoulders to the middle; the shallow striae containing large separated punctures which are nuich diminished behind; the intervals almost flat, not narrower than the punctures, and bearing rows of extremely minute punctures. Legs with the front femora of the male armed with a stout tooth, those of the female simple. Length, 4 mm.; breadth, 1.2 mm. Habitat. — Upolu Island: One male, one female, Apia, 1916 (Dr. H. Swale). Type in the British JNIuseum. I am not acquainted with any other Cossonine that has a cooth on the femora, and its occurrence as a sexual character is even more remarkable. The greater length of the rostrum 598 in the male is also a very unusual feature, though it occurs in the allied genus Rhopalomcsites. Cossonus limbaticollis sp. n. Color shiny black, the apex of the rostrum, the antennae, legs and markings on the body red-brown ; the prouotum with a broad ill-defined red-brown stripe on each side; the elytra each with a broad indefinite stripe from the base to the middle, lying between stria 2 and the shoulder at the base and gradually narrowing behind, and with a faint red-brown spot near the apex; the metasternum with a large red-brown patch on each side. Head with the vertex not markedly separated off from the forehead; the latter with a deep central fovea and fine sparse punctures, those on the vertex even smaller and much more distinct. Rostrtim less than half the length of the pronotum (2:5), quite cylindrical, slightly curved, and very finely and sparsely punctate. Pronotum as long as broad, with the sides gently rounded, broadest much behind the middle, scarcely con- stricted at the apex, and without any trace of a transverse furrow; the basal margin deeply bisinuate, and just within it a deep lunate impression on each side of the middle line; the disk not impressed, fairly evenly set with small widely-spaced punctures, leaving, an ill-defined impunctate strip from the base to beyond the middle, the lateral punctures closer and slightly larger than those on the disk. Elytra suboblong, elongate, parallel-sided from the shoulders to beyond the middle, and more broadly rounded at the apex than usual; the striae shallow, esjiecially towards the sides, with rather widely-spaced punctures, w^hich become much smaller behind; stria 10 deep and strongly punctate from the base to the hind coxa, there ceasing abruptly and continued as a row of minute punctures for the length of the first ventrite, then increasing in size and merging into a common furrow with stria 9; the intervals a little broader than the striae, slightly convex, and almost impunctate. Length, 4 mm.; breadth, 1.25 mm. Habitat. — Tutuila Island: One female, eastern end of island, 1070 feet (Dr. H. C. Kellers). Type in the collection of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station. Type No. 1030. Stereoderus binodifrons sp. n. Female. Color shiny black, with the sides and lower surface of the rostrum, the antennae, the tarsi and the apical margin of the venter red-brown. Head minutely coriaceous, evenly set with fine distant punctures and with an indistinct median longitudinal depression ; the forehead with a small raised area in the middle bearing two closely placed rounded granules. Bostrum very short, as usual, sculptured like the head, with 599 a small median gramile near the base; the epistome asymmetrically bisinnate, the left sinus being broader than the right. Prothorax longer than broad, widest near the base, rapidly narrowed behind and gradually narrowed in front, very shallowly constricted near the apex, the con- striction continued across the dorsum as a curved shallow impression; the basal margin impressed and punctate; the dorsum very evenly set with strong widely spaced punctures, except along a short median line that reaches neither base nor apex, the apical area much more finely punctate. Elytra with five shallow dorsal striae containing strong spaced punctures, the striae disappearing and the punctures becoming- much smaller behind; beyond stria 5 four rows of small widely sep- arated punctures, those in row 9 being much closer together than those in the other rows; row 10 striate and shallowly punctate, being bordered below by a continuous carina that extends from the shoulder nearly to the suture; the dorsal intervals each with an irregular row of very minute punctures. Sternum: mesepimeron impressed on its posterior half and with traces of shallow punctures along the anterior edge of the impression. Length, 6 mm.; breadth, 1.8 mm. Habitat. — Upolu Island: One female (Dr. H. Sivale). Type in the British Museum. Closely related to 6". pacificus Woll., which differs in the following particulars : The forehead has only a single promi- nence ; the punctures on the pronotum are much finer, and the subapical transverse impression is shallower and interrupted in the middle ; on the elytra the punctures in rows 6-8 are not more spaced than those in 9, and stria 10 (with the carina below it ) is broadly interrupted for the space corresponding- to the first ventrite ; the mesepimeron is not impressed and bears eight or nine strong punctures. It may be noted that Rhyncolns ohsolctus Fauvel, from New Caledonia, is really a Stcrcodcriis. Temnorhamphus samoanus sp. n. Color entirely piceous, or with the prothorax and the suture of the elytra blackish. Read closely and deeply punctate, with a small frontal fovea. Hostnim slightly longer than broad, punctured like the head, and with a broad shallow median furrow. Antennae with joints 2-.5 of the funicle transverse, the club short ovate, compressed. Prothorax a little longer than broad, widest near the base, rapidly narrowed behind, more gradually so in front, and shallowly constricted at the apex; the basal margin truncate and depressed below the level of the disk; the dorsum 600 coarsely, closely and evenly punctate, except on an abbreviated smooth central line, the interspaces narrower than the punctures; the sides more shallowly punctate. Elytra, cylindrical, a little wider than the prothorax, slightly produced at the apex, but the margin not explanate; crenate-striate, the striae not becoming shallower behind; the intervals convex, smooth, each with a single row of minute punctures; the apical portion of intervals 7 and 9 thickened and rather prominent and uniting at the apex with 3 ; interval 9 obtuse and not carinate. Length, 3-3.5 mm.; breadth, 0.8-1 mm. Habitat. — Upolu Island: Two examples (sex uncertain), Apia, 1916 (Dr. H. Szvale). Type in the British Museum. Very similar to the only other described species of the genus, T. latirostris Champion (Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. (2). XVI, July, 1914, p. 461), from the Seychelles, which differs as follows : The antennal club is smaller ; the prothorax is much more finely punctate and more strongly constricted at the apex ; the intervals on the elytra are rugulose, and 9 is carinate on the posterior half; interval 3 is free at the apex, and the apical junction of 7 and 9 is strongly produced laterally into a laminate angle, behind which the apical margin is narrowly explanate. 601 The Butterflies of the Samoan Islands. BY O. H. SWEZF.Y. In identifying the butterflies collected by Dr. H. C. Kellers on the Island of Tntuila in 1917-18, I found that there were very few records of butterflies collected on that one of the Samoan Group. Ten species were collected by Dr. Kellers, none of which are new to science. Only a few papers were found in literature recording but- terflies from Samoa, and altogether only twenty species (con- sidering the synonymy) have been recorded. I have thought best to list all of the species, with bibliographic references so far as I was able to find them. The synonymy is taken from the various papers referred to. A number of the species are widely distributed in the South Pacific and very variable, so that their representatives in Samoa are considered by some authors as local varieties. Anosia menippe Hiibner. Danais archlppus Fabr. Butler, P. Z. S., p. 275, 1874, Tutuila, Upolu. Danais plexippns Linn. Eraser, E. jNI. M., (2), V:147, 149, 1894, Upolu. Anosia menippe Hiib. Waterhouse, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 481, 1904, LTpolu : Lufilufi ; Savaii : Satapaitea. Kellers, 2 specimens, Dec. 1917, April, 1918, Tutuila. Danais obscurata Butler. Danais mcUssa (Cramer). Butler, Ann. ]\I. Nat. Hist. (4), V. p. 360, 1870, Upolu. Danais obscurata Butler, P. Z. S., p. 27S, 1874, Upolu. Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, IV, No. 3, September, 1921. 602 Tirumala mellitula (Herr.-Sch.). Danais mellitula Herrlch-Schaeffer, Stett. Ent. Zeit., 30:70, 1869, Upolu. Butler, P. Z. S., p. 275, 1874, Upolu. Tirumala hamata. Fraser, E. M. M., (2), V, p. 174, 1894, Upolu. Tirumala mellitula. Waterhouse, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lon- don, p. 492, 1904, Upolu: Lufilufi ; Savaii : Sata- paitea. Kellers, 4 specimens, Dec, 1917; 2 specimens, April, 1918, Tutuila. Deragena schmeltzi (Herr.-Sch.). Euploea schmeltzi Herrich-Schaeffer, Stett. Ent. Zeit., 30:70, pi. II, fig. 8, Upolu. Butler, P. Z. S., p. 277, 1874, Upolu. Deragena sclimehii. Fraser, E. ^1. M., (2), \':147, 1894, Upolu. Deragena schmellsii. Waterhouse, Tr. Ent. Soc. London. p. 492, 1904, Upolu: Apia, Lufilufi; Savaii: Sata- paitea. Euploea eleutho var. escholt^ii FcMer. Euploea eleutho Amoy & Gaimard, Freyc. \'oy., t. 83, f. 2, 1815, Taiti; Navigators' Islands. Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, (3), Y, p. 476, 1867. Euploea eschseholizii Felder, Reise der Xovara, Lep. 11, p. 345, 1867, Fiji. Euploea eleutho var. escholtcii. Herrich-Schaefl^er, Stett. Ent. Zeit., XXX, p. 138, pi. 2, fig. 9. 1869. Kellers, 1 specimen, Dec, 1917; 9 specimens, April, 1918, Tutuila. Diadema montrouzieri Butler. Diadema montrouzieri Butler, P. Z. S., p. 281, 1874, Navigators' Islands. 603 Diadema lutescens Butler. Diadcma lutescens Butler, P. Z. S., p. 283, pi. XLIV, fig. 3, 1874, Ovalan, Fiji Islands. Kellers, 1 specimen, April, 1918, Tutuila. Atella bowdenia Butler. Atella boii'denia Butler, P. Z. S., p. 687, 1873, Friendly Islands. Atella egista Cramer, Herr-Sch., Stett. Ent. Zeit., XXX, p. 71, 1869, Upolu. Atella bodenia. Fraser, E. ^I. M., (2), V. p. 149, 1894, Upolu. Atella bowdenia. Waterhouse, Trans. Ent. Soc., London, p. 493, 1904. Savaii : Satapaitea ; Upolu : Lufilufi, Apia. Kellers, 2 specimens, Dec, 1917, 6 specimens, April, 1918, Tutuila. Junonia villida Fabr. Jitnonia villida. Fraser, E. M. ^L, (2), \, p. 149, 1894, Upolu. Waterhouse, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 493, 1904, Savaii : Satapaitea ; Upolu : Lufilufi, Sata- pouala. Kellers, 5 specimens, Dec, 1917; 5 specimens, April, 1918, Tutuila. Hypolimnas bolina Linn. Anosia otaheitae Felder Samoa. Hudson, N. Z. Moths and Butterflies, p. 105, 1898, Samoa. Diadema otaheitae. Butler, P. Z. S., p. 281, 1874, Taiti. Hypolimnas bolina var. otaheitae. Fraser, E. M. AL, (2), V, p. 147, 1894, Upolu. Hypolimnas bolina. Waterhouse, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lon- don, p. 493, 1904, Savaii : Satapaitea, Salilalonga ; Upolu : Apia, Lufilufi, Satapouala. Kellers, 4 specimens, Dec, 1917 ; 18 specimens, April, 1918, Tutuila. 604 Melanitis leda Linn. Melanitis leda var. solandra. Cutler, V. Z. S.. p. 2/0, 1874, Tutuila. Melanitis leda. Fraser, E. M. AL, (2), V, p. 148, 1804. Upolu. Waterhouse, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 494, 1904, Savaii : Satapaitea, Salilalonga ; Upolii : Lufilufi. Zizera labradus (Go