SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM VOLUME XXXI /p VP... Lv Sp Hs ONSe 7 Tore. Sy INGTON eages® WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 19°07 ADVERTISEMENT. The scientific publications of the National Museum consist of two series, Proceedings and Bulletins. The Proceedings, the first volume of which was issued in 1878, are intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers based on the collections of the National Museum, setting forth newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology derived there- from, or containing descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. A volume is issued annually or oftener for distribution to libraries and scientific establishments, and in view of the importance of the more prompt dissemination of new facts, a limited edition of each paper is printed in pamphlet form in advance. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the table of contents of the volume. The present volume is the thirty-first of this series. The Bulletin, publication of which was begun in 1875, is a series of more elaborate papers, issued separately, and, like the Proceedings, based chiefly on the collections of the National Museum. A quarto form of the Bulletin, known as the ** Special Bulletin,” has been adopted in a few instances in which a larger page was deemed indispensable. Since 1902 the volumes of the series known as ‘** Contributions from the National Herbarium,” and containing papers relating to the botan- ical collections of the Museum, have been published as Bulletins. RicHarD RaTHBUN, Acting Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. JANUARY 22, 1907. Ill TABLE OF CONTENTS. Bartscu, Paunt. The Urocoptid Mollusks from the Main- land of America in the Collection of the United States National Museum.—No 1483. September 10, 1906¢_. _--- New sub-genera: Dissotropis, Ptychodonta, Propilsbrya, Tristemma, Stalactella. New species: Anisospira ( Dissotropis) stearnsi, A. (D.) blandi, Ceelo- centrum pittieri, Epirobia coahuilensis, E. (Propilsbrya) nelsoni, Holospira ( Holospira) mexicana, H. (1.) palmeri, H. (H.) infanta, H. (H.) painteri, H. (H.) oaxacana, H. ( Bostrichocentrum) gold- mani, H. (B.) hidalgoensis, H. (Liostemma) durangoensis, H. (L.) yucatanensis, H. (Haplocion) townsendi, H. (H.) lichenophora, H. (H.) tantalus, H. (Celostemma) herrerw, H. (Stalactella) rosei. New subspecies: Hucalodium decollatum guatemalensis, Coelocentrum pittieri guatemalensis, Holospira (Holospira) goldfussi anacachensis. New series: Holospira ( Bostrichocentrum) tamaulipensis. New subgeneric name: Liostemma. Bran, Barton A. See under EKigenmann, Carl H - .------- Cary, Merrirr. On the Diurnal Lepidoptera of the Atha- baska and Mackenzie Region, British America.— No. 1488. Biepecmibeina -G0G te) se. 2 ie Re ee 2 eee eet ees New variety: 7’hanaos propertius var. borealis. EIGENMANN, Cart H. and Barton A. Bean. An Account of Amazon River Fishes Collected by J. B. Steere; with a Note on Pimelodus Clarias.—No. 1503. January 16, 19077. New subgenus: Txnionema. New species: Brachyplatystoma goeldii, Tenionema steerei. EVERMANN, Barton Warren, and Epmunp LEE Go.ps- BorouGH. Description of a New Rock-Fish of the Genus Sebastodes from California.—No. 1501. January 9, 1907¢- New species: Sebastodes alexandri. and Wiii1am Conversrk Kenpatu. Notes on a Col- lection of Fishes from Argentina, South America, with Descriptions of Three New Species.—No. 1482. July 25, OG nets ae Roe ey ee by 2 Pe SE ete er one New genus: Odontesthes. New species: Astyanax eigenmanni, Galaxias titcombi, Odontesthes perugix, Symphurus jenynsi. — and Atvin SEALE. Fishes Collected in the Philippine Islands by Maj. Edgar A. Mearns, Surgeon, U.S. Army.— Nowe oles september 24, 1906¢._ 2. << 2.22292 --. =< -- New species: Mapo mearnsi, Gobius calderx, Salarias zamboange. « Date ot publication. Page. 109-160 659-668 495-457 67-108 505-512 Vv Vi TABLE OF CONTENTS. Frrnatp, Henry T. The Digger Wasps of North America and the West Indies Belonging to the Subfamity Chlori- oninz.—No. 1487. September 20, 1906¢___.--___2--___- New species: Chlorion ( Proterosphex) ashmeadi. New names: Chlorion (Isodontia) auripes, C. (I.) harrisi, C. (Pro- terosphex) cubensis, C. (P.) flavitarsis, C. (P.) flavitarsis saussuret, C. (P.) resinipes. Gitmorr, CHARLES W. Notes on a Newly Mounted Skel- eton of Merycoidodon, a Fossil Mammal.—No. 1492. October 8: 19062222222" See ee GOoLpDSsBOoROUGH, EpMuND Ler. See under Evermann, Bar- 9; 9 ton Warren: 602822 Herre, ALBERT CHRISTIAN. See under Jordan, David Starr- 3 9 Hrpuiéka, ALES. Anatomical Observations on a Collection of Orange Skulls from Western Borneo; with a Bibliog- > 9 oD raphy.— No: 14955" Noventberh( 73900. ¢2 as eee JORDAN, Davip Srarr, and ALBERT CHRISTIAN HERRE. A Review of the Herring-like Fishes of Japan.—No. 1499. December 8; 719002 Se7 ek ke 2.5 Sian eore Aaa eee ie and JOHN OTTERBEIN SNYDER. A Review of the Peeciliidee or Killifishes of Japan.—No. 1486. September LO TOQG Goes hs Se i Sie ae Pe and eg eS New genus: Oryzias. and Epwin Cuapin Starks. A Review of the Floun- ders and Soles of Japan.—No. 1484. September 10, 1906¢. New genus: Amate. New species: Scwxopskobensis, Pseudorhombus misakius, Limanda irido- rum, L. angustirostris. Notes on a Collection of Fishes from Port Arthur, Manchuria, obtained by James Francis Abbott.— No. 1493. October 8, 19064 New genus: Ranulina. New species: Pagrus arthurius, Collichthys niveatus, Ranulina fim- briidens, Txnioides abbotti, Areliscus rhomaleus. KenpaLL, WitttaM Converse. See under Evermann, Bar- ton Warren_.___- Lyon, Marcus Warp, Jr. Description of a New Species of Great Ant-eater from Central America.—No. 1496. Novem- ber 14, 1906¢ New species: Myrmecophaga centralis. Mammal Remains from two Prehistoric Village Sites in New Mexico and Arizona.—No. 1500. December 18, 1906 4 Page. 291-423 513-514 651-652 615-645 539-568 613-645 287-290 161-246 515-526 67-108 569-571 647-649 @ Date of publication. TABLE OF CONTENTS. VLE ¥ Page. Lyon, Marcus Warp, Jr. Mammals of Banka, Mendanau, and Billiton Islands, between Sumatra and Borneo.—No. 1493 ses DWeceniberel ord QUGS 2 8 Pe NS ee 575-612 New species: Tragulus bancanus, T. billitonus, T. luteicollis, Muntiacus bancanus, Ratufa polia, Sciurus mendanauus, S. tedongus, S. billitonus, Mus clabatus, Paradoxurus canescens , Arctogalidia minor, Tupaia inflata, T. discolor. New subspecies: Ratufa polia bancana. -. Mammals of Batam Island, Rhio Archipelago.— Nor lj0AmanuanryelG. 90 Gere os oo Cel sh ee 653-657 New species: Mus batamanus. New subspecies: Tupaia ferruginea batamana. ——. Notes on the Slow Lemurs.—No. 1494. November Ope Mein ete Mae IN Are es 527-538 New species: Nycticebus borneanus, N. bancanus. Minter, Gerrit 8., Jr. Mammals collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott in the Karimata Islands, Dutch East Indies.—No. eu To UGS == tok eri aS es OS ee 55-66 New species: Tragulus carimate, Sciurus carimatx, S. serutus, Mus serutus, M. carimatx, Tupaia carimatx, Myotis carimatex, Megaderma carimatx, Presbytis carimatex. —. The Mammals collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott in the Rhio-Linga Archipelago.—No. 1485. September 11, BD Ogee ee 6 Otel Oe cyt area Hels ee Eg oe tS Bs ee 247-286 New species: Tragulus nigrocinctus, T. perflavus, T. pretiellus, Ratufa carimonensis, R. condurensis, R. confinis, Sciurus condurensis, S. carimonensis, Sciuropterus amenus, Arctogalidia fusca, Paradoxurus brunneipes, Presbytis cana. OrTMANN, ARNOLD E. Schizopod Crustaceans in the United States National Museum.—The Families Lophogastridee and Eucopiide.—No. 1480. July 23, 1906¢.........---. 28-54 New species: Lophogaster spinosus, Gnathophausia scapularis. Port, THomas E. B. See under Smith, Hugh M---------- 459-499 Ricnarpson, Harrier. Descriptions of New Isopod Crusta- ceans of the Family Sphzeromids.—No. 1479. July 23, hee Cen ee eee ce Ba Fee oe ogee ee hag ts eee 1-22 New genus: Cassidias. New species: Cymodoce ornata, C. japonica, C. australis, C. meridionalis, C. bra- siliensis, C. affinis, Isocladus magellanensis, Dynamenella australis, Cassidias argentinea. SeaLe, Atvin. See under Evermann, Barton Warren------ 505-512 Smiru, Hucu M., and Tuomas E. B. Porr. List of Fishes Collected in Japan in 1903, with Descriptions of New Gen- era and Species.—No. 1489. September 24, 1906¢_.___-. 459-499 New genera: Tosana, Satsuma, Lysodermus, Lambdopsetta. New species: Leiognathus elongatus, Sayonara mitsukurii, Tosana niwe, Satsuma macrops, Lutianus nishikawe, Hapalogenys kishinouyei, Lysodermus satsume, Insidiator hosokaw, Colorhynchus jordani, Lambdopsetta kitahare. @ Date of publication. Vill TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page SNYDER. JOHN OTTERBEIN. See under Jordan, David Starr_ 287-290 Starks, Epwin Cuapin. See under Jordan, David Starr__. 161-246 See under Jordan, David Starr 222-552 eee 515-526 STEBBING, THOMAS R. R. A New Costa Rican Amphipod.— No. 1490.. September 24,.19067_2 3 eee 501-504 New species: Orchestia costaricana. Tassry, Wirt. Note on an Occurrence of Graphitic Iron in a Meteorite.—No. 1497. November 14, 1906 4___.______- 573-574 WiLson, CHARLES Branco. North American Parasitic Copepods belonging to the Family Caligide. Part 2.— The Trebin and EKuryphorine.—No. 1504. January 17, 1907 ¢ 2. 2 32 eS ee ae 669-720 New species: Dysgamus ariommus. « Date of publication. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. TEXT FIGURES. REET er a tO CLRCETST Stam Viet Ce at aa ee re erie alain asia’ damian siti in selena onc aa- Tecticeps alascensis. a, mandible; 6, mandibular appendage --....----.-------- Tecticeps alascensis. a, antenna of first pair; >, antenna of second pair-_-.----- Miccnceys aascensis: “Abdomen, ob female sae... hsscce d-se- sn ccesese= Tecticeps alascensis. a, leg of first pair of male; b, last two joints of same; c, leg of second pair of male; d, leg of third pair; e, leg of sixth pair; /, leg (Sur SS HSEIEY [OD ls I SI SN SS a Bae ee ae ee eee eee iecicenconMenis. SApaomenvo! female 222222550... os sete eee se sees Tecticeps convecus. a, head; 6, abdomen and last thoracic segment----------- Hechiceps converucos seventh leg of malé =~... 5. -. =. hese tee scan nce Dechcens convemises second lesvot male) —- 22) 26 225222 - bee ee se= = s Oyumotoccornata-s “Abdomen_ot male 2.202. .-2.22--+25----22--2--s9-+555--- Cymodoce japonica. Abdomen and last thoracic segment of male -..-.------- Cymodoce australis. Abdomen and last thoracic segment of male -.---.-.----- Cymodoce meridionalis. Abdomen and last thoracic segment of male--.------ Cymodoce brasiliensis. Abdomen and last thoracic segment of female ..------ Cymodoce affinis. Abdomen of female........---.-.------------=---+------- Zuzara integra. Abdomen of male....--..--------------+-------) --------=- Zuzara intrega. Abdomen and last two thoracic segments of female... -..---- Tsocladus magellanensis. Abdomen and last three thoracic segments of male. - - Dynamenella australis. Abdomen and last thoracic segment .---------------- Dynameniscus carinatus. a, head; b, abdomen; c¢, lateral view; d, second ple- opod (right side); e, third pleopod of right side. (One branch) /f, third pleopod of right side. (Other branch) g, fourth pleopod of right side. Inner branch, h, fourth pleopod of right side. Outer branch ..----------------- Discerceis granulosa.’ Last thoracic segment and abdomen -.---------------- Discerceis granulosa. a, second pleopod of right side; b, third pleopod (exopod); ein Er EO WOM a 24 see = a. s 52 Se uee Aono esac haan e nena eee ntaes Discerceis linguicauda. Abdomen..-.-.------------------------------777777- Discerceis linguicauda. Third pleopod.....-----------------+--------------- Discerceis linguicauda. Fourth pleopod ....-------------------------------- Cassidias argentinea. a, maxilliped of female; 6, first maxilla ot female; c, abdomen and last thoracic segment of female; d, third pleopod; e, fourth pleopod; f, lateral view of abdomen; g, abdomen; h, terminal view of abdo- Cassidias darwinii. a, lateral view of abdomen; b, abdomen ..-------------- Map showing location of the Karimata Islands ---..-----------------+-------- Astyanuaveigenmannt ...... 2 2---22+.-2----2=-4¢ 22-3 eee n ee esos eee e tenes CECA OIRUTEE Pe en Sed hal eek LI Le Se ee ee tees eae Odoniesthes perugiz .-..-------+-2-----------+------ 22 nee nese seers teen Symphurus jenynsi .......------------ 22-2 - = een e eee eee een eee eee Interior view 0° Anisospira stearnsi.......-------------- 22222222222 errr “ID Ot He EE CO ee OrRWWNFe OC co a 19 19 20 20 20 21 22 5d 83 92 94 108 114 x LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Detail of pillarof Anisospira stearnsiie fs). 22 5 eee oe el ee Interior: view, of. Anisospina Glande 2-5 ee come eee ee Detailiot pillar of Anisospina blandit ese sae are ae a Interion view, ot Celocentnum asirophoncdeen= see = een eee eee a, pillar of the third and fourth to last whorl of Celocentrum astrophorea; b, the pillar of the penultimate whorl of Celocentrum astrophorea.....-------- Interior view..ol Hpirobia nelsontss aa 5 eee + == ae eee eee ee eee ee ee Detail of interior of -L/pirobia nelsOnta— a. a = ee eee ee Interiorview Ol Holospirasfernissece sae. ae aa ee ee Interior view of Holospi °C Renven ge .c. e ee oe ee ee Imterior-view. of-Lolospina m0séi.a a2 ese eae eee Se ee eee Detail ofinteriorotsEolospinG Osh =e ae ae ee ee Sketch of jaw of Hendersoniella palmeri.----.----- et a Sat Spi cee ean ase Teeth of radula, showing (1) rhachidian, first three laterals, ninth lateral, and Outer lateral! 5 So S25 i EN a rea Anatomical details: /, kidney; G, 4, intestine; p. v., pulmonary vein; d, lung; m, mantle; ¢. m., contractor muscle; h, heart; k, kidney; G. 3, undeveloped wenitalias Wd; liver sc 55 eae ae WCLODS KODENSIS: 2. 58 See AS ace ee er Pn ea ate een TUN GY PYOSOPOM-VAPUN Be SS Ae REI a ee eed ae alin ey Oa rm ee ge eee Peeudorhombus Misakvus (55 ae Sea a eee os Sa ee ae ee \Pseudorhombus. NUSUKIUS a Se ee ee ee a ets er a Xysrias Grigorjewy ..\2. S22 Sees Be ase > See ee Verasper moseris. soses2 25s See Red aed Sa ee ee ee Hippoglossoides elassodon Mippoglossoides hamiltont-22 Ss oe ae a ee ee Cleisthenes:pinetorum ==. SSIS Ie Pee Ae ap ee ae Atheresthes' evermanni-<2-> 222222 Pease ce ee ere Alxops plinthus......--- Lepidopsetta:bilineatas.2 3225 222 eae fs eee ee ee Limanda iridorum ..-.-- Limanda angustirostris - - Verxqua achne.....-..- Dexistes rikuzenius ..--- Platichthys stellatus .... - Clidoderma asperrimum . Microstomus kitahare - - - Microstomus stelleri Amate japonica Aseraggodes kobensis Liachirus nitidus Zebrias zebrinus Asopia cornuta Map of the Rhio-Linga Archipelago Oryzias latipes Nealotus tripes Leiognathus elongatus Sayonara mitsukurii 1, . Tosana niwee Satsuma macrops Hapalogenys kishinouyei Page. 114 115 115 118 118 122 122 133 150 152 152 154 154 154 169 Lok 172 175 176 183 186 189 191 193 197 199 202 206 208 211 213 215 219 222 224 225 228 230 231 233 235 247 290 465 467 469 471 472 477 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. RS CERITILS SLSUNVE ae eens a RE emma pe tise sen a tue ye, Aue eS eal tS LP STALOLOT NOS OKO) cern eaee ee ee ON ic Spe Tem OER Sp rN Preis bbb Oe Om Fy Sian Ok Eleotriodes helsdingenii DOTS SUE POTIUCUST: 28 Sepeomn ae eaten I Leen ae IE Se CLEOPR C US OT OATS Se nates ae een nS Seen eye, Ny AEDs Nee EAs Onchestigncostanicanas tema] eke = ses eee ee ee PEC URUTOSCIEL Ue meter note ee te et es re, eh ERAS Cate MR ane ee Nee AE OT aapegl BELT OM ITE CU TIS a serene Nas ae nets er SM aR gh ach nen semana bes Sia pre Ly Ene, fe US RCOLG Cee Grete Mites wm SA Cds Da ee Rie Nad eee nt ee LRT Nee ce ee, RAS Pe yh ga HOM GUPOIS- LOU ND DOH G RT a Nes II Se ee Re Bah et a Be BATE SIE RAS CAC re «JPEG IISA GOL eae Beppe NTE Ue teee PY Cane fae OES Na ureie es eT nies Sareea ee en COLAGIUIVSBITLUCOLUSE, Sere orp pee Re Rane ate AG anit ater eee Ame aa Shy See PAPEIE UDO MECN UUOCIES = Nin ah eat ORI eg a a meme Maps Ree Ee EAT EO LLCS DOLL Ne SERS ot No dae PRS en cars cae SRS EN ee ep DON) dy ERE Megara RRs Sag eo eng TB SN PAM CUUSCUS RT LONICLCUSR ee ersee nn oma sc itis aN he Uwe a Seek eee meen tes ey Pe Rudimentary nasal bone in the female adult orang...............--.------- Skullkoitemaleiorang showing nasal spines. = 2222.22). 222. oe eee eee The right molar of female orang, showing accessory ossicles at « and y....-.- Skull of male orang: a, arch in the dorsum sellee; /, complete fenestrum about CMe r MACE ia PANG Oa ferte ise eines coc ema ome Dace nae oe See eRe Skull of female orang, showing a diminution in size of the molars from the Pie eC Ke UnOlSee tiers ae ait ce yo bel eS ye ee ae ata Re ent a s eeas Mandible of male orang, showing four true molars on the left and five on the PMLA Che memcpy es NTN eS SE ore en Eye en PS a ED ey te We eR et oe Mandible of adult male orang: x, a supernumerary tooth; y, irregularity of the premolars. The right ramus exhibits only two molars......-.-------- Mandible of female orang, showing a rudimentary fourth molar on the left-- laritornepiaiian nodes. oo ae Sess Sy ao oe Lee ee ee ees ee Map Ome banikce \lendanau rand sBilllitome Soe = Se ee Se ee ee LOD SESOLUGILS MMe aia one, Sane ear Nm Seaton Sh nee et Ne eee ea Pea Ope LEO Lb DOR MRM nA RLS be A Bist Ge a ES en OS State ane Biche tgeie mae (OCILOSEGILCNLO SEIS aa 8 ran ee ea rae es es os ee ae clo eee we wle is eae oes SO es FAC eg PON USY Cmet eee eS = rate Be ae Oe See se ara a Se ie nes Be ee GOMOR PUGH SRO DRE ULCULLS meer rete ae ere ra Sey ee yaa eee BS IAT CONCHLO EOIN UIE oem: Sek cee Bde he eae eat Sa She ei ENC VMUN ELEC OCIA Ae be a in eee at gas ood Se eels See ew eee EATON CHILGRSICCHC Were era wap bees he wage Pee ale ae Ney op cet eaten aE ere oa SA NT EACHEO ISIS LOGGIONUMUISE me sa" eee be AcE wee MCA eRe eet cnr sercte ater te SE OUENUSICLCOOIS eae fom acu ea a ee Sele Seo sae aae een Dee tee Morcsaleplatcvol wPinclodus: Clariag 2.2 Ol. e se ne fae ie Se = Blasi See asi oe Wharhimiustoteehrepius COMMS =. 2 sok oe oe Sse eee eM sales de ae sate err amie Mrs CTULIS et cee Te we ap sates Shes Fae oe rien. iS, hn dre EE leas TEN ANOIERULCHU STERIL Riera nis oro ce ie ee neath Ie sas ornare be oe Oe RiewmetianplwisiOl ALCDION QUADET oe a06 2 nee ee a Seem eee oe oo So On © o> o> ~“I I ~I & io aS oS mom (o oon on) D a oC om 6§ 589 690 691 692 oS CO > XII LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. The mouth-tube, mandibles, and second maxillz of a male chalimus of A/lebion glaben s— 2s oe bate sted nce a SSE eo ae ae ee 693 The first and second maxillipeds of a chalimus of Alebion glaber.....--------- 693 The first and second swimming legs of a chalimus of Alebion glaber..-.-..---- 694 The third swimming leg of a chalimus of Alebion glaber....-.-..-..---------- 694 A chalimus of Alebion glaber just ready to molt into the adult stage, showing the fourth segment separated and the fourth legs already formed........-.---- 695 The second antenna of an adult male of Alebion glaber_......---------------- 695 The mouth-tube and second maxillee of an adult male of Alebion glaber..-.---- 696 The dorsal surface of a male Dysgamus ariommus, showing areas and segments: a, anterior; m, median, and p, posterior transverse grooves; p. 1, p. 2, and p. 8, lateral lobes of the head, first and second thorax segments, respectively. 715 PLATES. Facing page. 1. Schizopod crustaceans: . s2225222 S22 2 -3eS ae ae ee 54 2. Schizopod ‘crustaceans = 222522 s-a5526 2- eae ee ee 54 3: North American urocoptidimollgks 35 =e. eee 160 4_ North American urocoptid-mellusks:2o- S222 ys =see ee ee eee 160 o.. Mexican urocoptid mollusks 2e5ss-2 260 ee ee ee eee 160 6.. North American digger wasps..253- cose oe oon eee eee 424 7.. North American digger wasps:: 22-22. -54 ooee > oe aee eaten eee 424 8. North American digger-waspse.o= ssh) eee See oe eee 424 9. North American digger waspss 22 isc. 52-2 -eee teaee eee oe eee 424 10. North: American:digger wasps: sso0 == oe See eee ee ee eee 424 11. Orchestia costaricana........- atadasi sikh ieee See secs Sees 504 12. Skeleton of Merycoidodon' gracilis! 329225 ee eee 514 13. .Skulls of slow lemurs: 22. 22< 52-4 2 ee eee eee 538 14. Skulls of-great ant-eaters: 5.202 55 Res Se ee eee 572 15. The male and female of Trebius exilis and the female of Trebius tenuifur- CUS Sac bet kecdae cede SSeS RAE eS ee eet: eee 720 16.. The male and female of ‘Trebius caudatuss.- 2.22222 eens eee eee 720 17. The female of Glotopotes‘ornatus. 2.2222 2. 32 eee 720 18. The male and female of Alebion: gracilis. 22-22 =o. eee ee ee 720 19. The male and female of Alebion glaber.....- fda Bs ae eS Dae Re ere ae 720 20. The male of Dysgamus ariommus and the male and female of Dissonus SPINUer soe cone de ee eB seek Soe 720 DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS OF THE FAMILY SPHHROMID 2. By Harrier Ricnarpson, Collaborator, Division of Marine Invertebrates. In order to give fuller diagnoses of some genera recently established in my monograph on the Isopods of North America and to illustrate some of the parts which were taken as a basis of generic distinctions I have prepared the following paper, in which I also offer descriptions of a few new species and one new genus. Five of the species are from South America, two are from Japan, one comes from Cape Town, Africa, and the locality of another is unknown. All, with the exception of /socladus magellanensis, are in the collection of the United States National Museum. Genus TECTICEPS Richardson. Body oval and somewhat flattened. Head subquadrangular, broader anteriorly than posteriorly with the anterior and lateral margins pro- duced, concealing the antenne. The antenne, which are entirely hidden, extend backward and lie under the epimeral plates at the sides of the thorax. The first and second pairs of legs in the male are subchelate; the first pair termi- nate in a large hand and finger, bearing a small hook; the second pair terminate in a more irregularly shaped hand. All the other legs are simple in structure. In the female only the first pair of legs are subchelate. The terminal segment of the abdomen is triangular and entire, and is pointed at the extremity. The uropoda are double-branched and lateral, and resemble closely those of the genus Spheroma. Both branches are well developed and similar in shape. This genus differs from the genus Ancinus of Milne Edwards— 1. In having uropoda with two branches instead of one. 2. In having the abdomen entire and not truncate at the tip. 3. In the prominent projection of the anterior and lateral margins of the head. 4. In the concealment of the antennee, which are very conspicuous in Ancinus. The type species of the genus is Zecticeps alascensis Richardson. PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MuSEuM, VOL, XXXI—No. 1479. Proc. N. M. vol. xxxi—06——1 1 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXXI, TECTICEPS ALASCENSIS Richardson. Tecticeps alascensis RicHarpson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XI, 1897, pp. 181-183, figs. 9-12; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 837; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, p. 181; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 54, 1905, pp. 276-278, figs. 286-289. Localities. —North of Amak Island; off Cape Menchikoff; south of Hagemeister Island; North Head, Akutan Island; off Bristol Bay; Alutian Islands, off Unimak Island; Kamchatka; off Sturup Island, Kurile Islands, Okhotsk Sea; latitude 60° 16’ north, longitude 167° 41’ west; Bering Sea, west of Pribiloff Islands, between Pinnacle and Ulakhla, Unalaska; Bering Sea, off Nunivak Island. Depth.—9-106 fathoms. U.S. National Museum collection. The outline of the body is oval. The surface is PGT Ne hea quite smooth, but covered with little points of de- cane. Mare xvi, - pression. Length iG mm swidthel@ mm: The head is large, twice as long as any one of the thoracic segments. The anterior margin is produced in a way to con- ceal the antenne, as are also the antero-lateral margins, making the anterior portion of the head in front of the eyes much broader than the posterior portion, and forming very acute antero- lateral angles. This frontal margin forms avery broad obtuse angle with its apex in the median line. On either side of this apex to the antero-lateral angle this portion of the head is somewhat depressed. The antenne are SX» not conspicuous, lying concealed beneath the frontal - margin of the head. The first pair extend to the pos- F Mees terior angle of the first thoracic segment; the flagellum — yrayprete. b, is composed of ten articles. The second pair reach the MAND!BULAR ap middle of the second segment; the flagellum consists of aoa twelve articles. The eyes are dorsally situated on the posterior half of the head in both sexes. SS The thoracic segments are about equal in length. The first one extends laterally around the posterior Nees portion of the head, forming a broad plate at the b side of the segment. The epimera of all the seg- MiG. 3—TECTICEPS ALAS- ments are about twice as broad as lone, with the CENSIS. a, ANTENNA SA oF First pair, b,AN- @Xception of those of the fifth segment, which are NBR AiR nearly square and very conspicuous. The first segment of the abdomen has three su- ture lines, and its posterior margin projects down at the sides over the terminal segment. The terminal segment is triangular and has No. 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS—RICHARDSON. a a very pointed extremity, more acute in the mi nale tha an in the fous ale! The uropods differ considerably. The inner one is broad and taper- ing and does not reach the tip of the abdomen. The outer one is slen- der and sharply pointed, and extends be- yond the abdomen. In the female the outer branch is not longer than the inner branch. The first pair of legs are subchelate, as are also the second pair in the male. In the first pair the propodus is large and oval in shape, and bears in F'!¢.4.—TECTICEPS ALASCENSIS. ABDO- the palma 7 MEN OF FEMALE. 42. row of stiff bristles at regular intervals and pointing obliquely in the same direc- tion, while a thick row of fine cilia, point- ing obliquely in the opposite direction, cross these almost at right angles. The dactylus terminates in a single hook, at the base of which two smaller hooks are situated. In the legs of the second pair the propodus is irregular in shape with an indication of a rudimentary pollex There are no hairs or bristles in the palma. The legs of the third, fourth, and fifth pairs present nothing unusual in structure, but resemble the ambulatory legs common to this family. In the sixth and seventh We pairs the structure is the same as that of the preceding legs of the third, fourth, and fifth pairs, but with an increasing dis- proportion in the length of the propodus ee eet and dactylus..-In the seventh pair of legs LEG OF FrRST PATR OF waLE. x 5%. 0, these joints, but more especially the pro- LAST TWO JOINTS OF SAME. X 103. ¢ tcttat 5 Sieh Natl ane cam eae LEG OF SECOND FaIRoF Mais. x53, POdus, attain a size most conspicuous for d, Leg or THIRD Parr. x 53. ¢, Lec their length. The propodus becomes over OF SIXTH PAIR. X 53. f, LEG OF SEV- real eis | ee vem : ael ENTH PAIR. X 53. 3% times longer than the carpus which immediately precedes it. The color varies from dark brown to yellow, more or less dotted with black. In the darker specimens the epimera and the uropods are almost white with scattered spots of black. Other specimens are brown, with markings of red and some are bluish-gray in color tinged with brown or orange. 4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. TECTICEPS CONVEXUS Richardson. Tecticeps converus Ricuarpson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, pp. 837-838, fig. 15; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 181-183; American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 223; Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., No. 54, 1905, pp. 278-280, figs. 290-291. Locality.— Monterey Bay, California. Depth.—30 feet, in sandy mud. U.S. National Museum collection. The body is oval and somewhat flattened. The surface is smooth. The color is light yellow, with markings of brown. The head has the anterior margin much broader than the posterior margin, and pro- duced in front, but not wholly concealing the basal articles of the first pair of attenne, and somewhat raised, forming two small convex elevations. The antero-lateral mar- gin is likewise produced, forming an acute angular projection, which extends in a lateral direction beyond the postdateral margin of the head. The eyes are dorsally situated in a median transverse line in both sexes.- The first pair of antenne, with a flagellum of 16 articles, extend to the posterior angle of the third tho- racic segment. The second pair of antenne, a with a flagellum of 13 articles, extend to the middle of the fourth thoracic segment and exceed by one article the length of the first pair of antenne. Both pairs of antenne are disposed to lie con- cealed under the broad epimeral plates of the thoracic segments. Fig. 6.—TECTICEPS CONVEXUS,. AB- DOMEN OF FEMALE, X 42. ae Fig. 7.—TECTICEPS CONVEXUS. ri 3 = The thoracic seg- a, HEAD. x5}. b, ABDOMEN AND LAST THORACIC SEG- . opa . a ‘ 1 ments are subequal In jonny 23, length. The first see- ment has its antero-lateral angles produced around the anterior portion of the head, form- ing a broad plate at the side of the segment. The epimera are almost twice as broad as long; Fic. 8.—Trcticers convexus. those of the fifth segment extend downward, Ce ene ONE er ee etme itn margin straight, making the length and breadth about equal and forming almost square epimera; in the epimera of the sixth and seventh segments the anterior margins are in the same direction as the posterior margins, which extend downward. No. 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEA NS— RICHARDSON. 5 The first segment a the. abdomen has three suture lines, and its posterior margin is produced in two small points, one on either side of the median line, about equidistant from it and the lateral margin of the segment. The terminal segment is widely rounded posteriorly. The inner branch of the uropoda is of nearly equal width throughout its length and is rounded at its extremity; the outer branch is slender and sharply pointed. Both branches are of nearly equal length, and neither extend beyond the tip of the abdomen. This is true of both SEXES. The first pair of legs have the propodus dilated and the dactylus reflexible. The propodus is large and oval in shape. In the legs of the second pair the propodus is irregular in shape, dilated with reflexible dactylus in the male and simple in the female. The lees of the other five pairs are simi lar in structure, ambulatory, and show a gradual increase in length. This species differs from 7. alascensis in having longer antenne and antennule; in having a rounded terminal segment, which in that species is very pointed but more acute in the male than in the female; in having the outer branch of the uropods in both sexes as short as the inner, while in that species it is much longer in the male but not in the female; in having only a gradual increase in the length of the legs, which in that species show such marked disproportions in the propodus of the sixth and seventh pairs; and in the position of the eyes, which in this species are situated in the me- Fie. 9—Teertcrps con- dian transverse line of the head, while in 7. alascen- ae ru sis they are placed i in the posterior half of the head. This species was considered by Hansen, who had not examined any specimens, to be asynonym of 7. alascens/s.( Having sent specimens, a male and female of both species, to Doctor Hansen, I received a courteous and speedy recognition of his error. Doctor Hansen states in his letter that ‘‘ both species are well founded,” and that ‘* 7. con- verus is a fine species; especially the differences in the shape of the first and second hand and seventh thoracic leg in the males of both species are really interesting.” Genus CYMODOCE Leaeh. Seventh segment of thorax not produced backward in any process. Abdomen composed of two segments, the first of which is ee mesial Bees a al abdominal segment in both sexes with ¢ a Qugnienly Tounoul of Merasegoical Science, ena Pt. 1 Odiobee 1905, pp- 133-134. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. voL. XXXI, notch in center of einen is a poedian process or lobe. Endopod of uropod well developed. Exopod not capable of folding under endopod. Exopod of third pleopod always two-jointed. Fourth and fifth pleopods with endopods thick, fleshy, with trans- verse folds; exopods two-jointed. Maxillipeds with the second, third, and fourth articles of the palp produced into lobes. Mouth parts in female metamorphosed. The type of the genus is Cymodoce truncata Leach. CYMODOCE ORNATA, new species. Head large, nearly twice as broad as long, 3g mm.: 8 mm., rounded anteriorly, with a small median point separating the antenne. Eyes round, post-laterally situated. The first pair of antenne extend to the posterior angle of the first thoracic segment; the flagellum is com- posed of ten to eleven articles. The second pair of antennv reach fully to the posterior margin of the fourth thoracic seoment; the flagellum consists of from eighteen to nineteen articles. The segments of the thorax are subequal in length, the first being somewhat longer. The epimera are posteriorly produced into very acute angles, gradually becoming less acute, the last one being quite rounded. Fic. 10.—Cymopnoce The first segment of the abdomen is composed of ORNATA., ABDO- . : : wexorwate, we, L0ur coalesced segments, indicated by three suture lines, the third of which forms a ridge in the center. The sides of this segment are produced into rounded lobes, provided with fine hairs, and overlap the terminal segment. Two small tubercles on either side of the median line are situated on the posterior margin. The terminal segment is thickly tuberculated. At the base are four tubercles, situated in a transverse row. Below these are four others, similarly situated, but farther apart, and differing in size, the two centcr ones being more prominent. Below this row, and placed in the median line, is a small triangularly shaped prominence, in the center of which is a tubercle. The posterior margin of this segment has a quadrangular excavation, in which there is a central tooth which does not extend beyond the lateral teeth formed by the excavation. The entire margin is fringed with thick hairs. The uropods, which are about equal in length, extend considerably beyond the extremity of the abdomen. The inner branch is rounded on the inner post-lateral angle and emds in a spinelike process at the outer post-lateral angle; the external one is lanceolate, with upper inner surface very concaye; the outer margins of both are fringed with hairs. No. 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEA NS—RICHARDSON. c The color of the body is brown, more or less marked with black spots. The lower half of each segment of the thorax and the tuber- cles of the abdomen are a dull yellow. This species is closely allied to C. longistylis Miers,“ but differs in the absence of tubercles on the thoracic segments, and in the disposi- tion of those on the terminal abdominal segment. Locality unknown. The type and only specimen, a male, is in the U.S. National Museum, Cat. No. 32242. CYMODOCE JAPONICA, new species. Body 74 mm. wide; 17; mm. long. Head large, longer than the second thoracic segment, its anterior margin ridged and sinuated and produced ina large median point. The basal joint of the peduncle of the first pair of antenne is large and elongated; the second joint is small and short; the third joint is long and slender. The fla- gellum is composed of nineteen articles and extends to the pos- terior angle of the first thoracic segment. The flagellum of the second pair of antenne is com- posed of twenty-four articles and reaches the posterior angle of the third thoracic segment. The thoracic segments are about equal in length. The epimera are broader than long and are produced into acute angles, becoming more rounded and obtuse in the three posterior ones. The first segment of the abdomen has two suture lines on either side indicating coalesced segments, and a transverse line indicating still another coalesced segment. Its posterior margin bears two tubercles, pointing downward and on either side of these a small tooth overlap- ping the terminal segment. The last segment is posteriorly excavated, with a large and broad median tooth within the excavation. This median tooth has a truncate extremity, while the lateral teeth, formed by the sinus, are more acute and rounded. . Two small tubercles are situated at the base of this segment in the line with those of the first segment. Following these, and in the same line, are two very large tubercles. A longitudinal furrow or groove in the median line is formed by these two sets of tubercles. The inner branch of the uropoda is truncate at the extremity, is of equal breadth throughout its length, and does notextend beyond the extremity of theabdomen. The outer branch is rounded on the inner side, but has a straight thickened outer edge, terminating acutely; it is about as long as the inner branch. 9 Fig. 11.—CYMODOCE JAPONICA. ABDOMEN AND LAST THORACIC SEGMENT OF MALE. X 43. a@Zool. Coll. of Alert, 1884, p. 305. 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXX1. The whole surface of the body is granulated and covered with minute hairs, which increase in number and length on the abdomen and the edges of the uropods, where they form a thick fringe. The color light brown. This species can not be identified with Cymodoce pilosa Kdwaras “ from the Mediterranean, and from the ‘* east and west coast of Algeria,” for it differs ina number of points. The surface of the entire body is granulated, while in Milne Edwards species only the posterior half is covered with granules. There is no elevation at the extremity of the longitudinal groove, as in @. pilosa, as described by Edwards and figured by Lucas.’ Moreover, two tubercles are found on either side of the groove in the present species, while in C. pr/osa there is but one mentioned and figured. Lastly, the uropods do not extend a great deal beyond the extremity of the abdomen, as in C. pilosa, but reach the extremity only. It differs also from Cymodoce aculeata Haswell in the different arrangement of the tubercles on the terminal abdominal segment. The species is founded on three specimens, all males, from Hakodate Bay, Japan, which are in the collection of the U. 5. National Museum. Types.—Cat. No. 32243, U.S.N.M. CYMODOCE AUSTRALIS, new species. Body ovate, 3 mm.: 6 mm. Head wider than long, with the front marginate and produced in a small, median point. The eyes are large, composite, and situated in the post-lateral angles. The first pair of antenne have the first article oblong, longer than wide, and produced at the outer distal angle in a small truncate process; the second article is small, oval in shape, about one-third as long as the first; the third article is narrow, elongate, about one and a half times as long as the second. The flagellum is composed of about fifteen joints. The first antenne extend to the posterior angle of the first thoracie segment. The second pair of antenne, with a flagellum of about seventeen articles, extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax is longer than any of those following and has the post-lateral angles produced backward. All the following segments are crossed transversely by a carinated ridge. The epimera are not distinctly separated, but faint lines of depression indicate the place of coalescence. The lateral parts of the segments have the posterior angles produced in narrow pointed processes directed posteriorly. The abdomen is composed of two segments and is broader than the thorax, although dorsally it does not show any increase in breadth. “ Hist. Nat. des Crust., III, 1848, p. 213. » Explorations Scientifiques de Y Algerie, Atlas, 1849, pl. vu, fig. 8. No. 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS—RICHARDSON. 9 The first segment has suture lines indicating other partly coalesced se. nents. On the posterior margin are two prominent tubercles, one either side of the median line, directed backward as two points. _ he second or terminal segment terminates in three teeth, the median tooth completely filling the notch, of which the other teeth form the outer angles. The median tooth is not longer than the lateral teeth and is acute at the apex. At the base of the segment are two small tubercles in a transverse series just below the large tubercles of the preceding segment and situated a little outside of them. There are two other small tubercles just below this series in an- other transverse row and situated a little within the two upper tubercles. A transverse row of four large tubercles is placed below this second series. Just above the median tooth of the posterior margin and below the last series of four tubercles isa small median = { tubercle. FIG. 12.—CYMODOCE The inner immovable branch of the uropods reaches AVSTMAMS. AB but little beyond the lateral teeth of the posterior — roxacte see- margin of the terminal abdominal segment. It is | 4#T OP MALE posteriorly transversely truncate and has the sides par- se allel. The outer branch is nearly twice as long as the inner branch, is pointed at the extremity, and is leaf-shaped. The entire surface of the abdomen is thickly tuberculate. The posterior margin of the terminal segment and the branches of the uropods are beset with hairs. The specimen described is a male and is the type and only specimen. It was taken by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross off Cape St. Roque, Brazil, at a depth of 20 fathoms, among broken shells, and is preserved in the U. 8. National Museum, Cat. No. 32244. CYMODOCE MERIDIONALIS, new species. Body with the sides almost parallel, 45 mm.: 10 mm. Head wider than long, and produced ina small median point. Eyes large, composite, and situated in the post-lateral angles. The first pair of antenne have the first article oblong, nearly twice as long as wide; the second article is small, oval, and less than half the length of the first; the third article is as long as the second, but narrower, and is twice as long as wide. The flagellum is composed of seventeen articles, and extends to the post-lateral angle of the first thoracic seg- ment. The second pair of antennex, with a flagellum of twenty-two articles, extends to the post-lateral angle of the third thoracic seg- ment. The first segment of the thorax is longer than any of the others. The epimera are not distinct from the segments. They are laterally produced in narrow processes. The first segment has the post-lateral angles also produced. 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI, The fac ceninenk of the abdomen has two ae ines on either side, indicating other coalesced segments. ‘The terminal segment has a very deep median notch, the lateral angles being rather acute. Within the emargination, and completely filling it, is a large triangular median tooth, broad at the base and ending in a very sharp spine. ‘This median | tooth extends considerably beyond the lateral angles. At the base of the segment is a series of four tubercles situated ina transverse line. Below this row and out- side of it are two prominent tubercles, one on either side. Below this transverse row of two tubercles is | another row of two tubercles, one on either side of Fie ae ees UP Ehe INeGianl line, and situated closer together than the MERIDIONALIS. two preceding tubercles. At the base of the median ABDOMEN AND “Le : : : Last tHoracie tooth within the terminal notch is a small median SEGMENTOF MALE. tubercle. Both branches of the uropoda extend be- hes yond the abdomen. The inner branch is twice as long as wide, with sides nearly parallel and posteriorly obliquely truncate, with a spine at the outer and inner post-lateral angles. The outer. branch is leafed-shaped and longer than the inner branch, and termi- nates in a spine. There is also another spine on the outer margin near the extremity. The type and only specimen, a male, comes from off Cape St. Roque, Brazil. It was taken by the U.S S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Adba- tross ata depth of 20 fathoms, among broken shells, and is in the U.S. National Museum, Cat. No. 32245. CYMODOCE BRASILIENSIS, new species. Body ovate, more or less contractile, 4 mm.: 8 mm. Head wider than long, with the front produced in a small median point. Eyes small, connects and situated in the post-lateral angles. The first pair of antenne have the first article oblong, about twice as long as wide; the second article is short and small and is one-third as long as the first article; the third article is narrow and elongate and about twice as long as the second article. The flagellum is composed of fifteen articles, and extends to the post-lateral angle of the first thoracic segment. The second pair of antenne, with a flagellum of eighteen articles, extends to the posterior margin of the fourth thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax is longer than any of those follow- ing. ‘The epimera are not distinctly separated on any of the segments. The post-lateral angles of the first segments are produced backward. The lateral parts of the following segments are posteriorly produced in narrow processes. The abdomen is wider than the thorax, but this increase in width is not apparent in a dorsal view. The first segment has suture lines indicating other partly coalesced segments. It is produced at either No. 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEA NS—RICHARDSON. el side ina small point, overlapping the terminal segment. The terminal abdominal segment has two large elevations or prominences on the convex basal part, one on either of the median line, the two being separated by a furrow. The terminal part of the segment has a median notch, which is completely filled by a large, triangular lobe, rounded at the apex and slightly exceeding in length the lateral angles, which are truncate posteriorly. The uro- pods do not extend beyond the lateral angles of the terminal segment of the abdomen. The branches 5.4 14 Gywopoce ERA. are about equal in length, the outer, movable — sitreysts. Aspomen branch being capable of folding under the inner \yenonpnwsre. 6 branch. The inner branch is truncate at the ex- tremity, with a slight excavation about the center. The inner post- lateral angle of the outer branch is rounded, the outer post-lateral angle being acute. The specimen described is a female. Four perfect specimens and one imperfect specimen come from off Cape St. Roque, Brazil. They were collected by the U. 5. Bureau of Fisheries steamer A/batross, at a depth of 20 fathoms, among broken shells. The types are in the U. 8. National Museum, Cat. No. 32246. CYMODOCE AFFINIS, new species. Body ovate, a little more than twice as long as wide, 8 mm.: 173 mm. Head transverse, twice as wide as long, 34 mm.: 7 mm., with the front marginate and produced in a small median point. The eyes are large, composite, and posteriorly situated. The first pair of antenne have the first article elongate, about twice as long as wide; the second article is small and less than half the length of the first; the third is narrow, about one-fourth the width of the first article, and elongate, being about two and a half times as long as wide. The flagellum is composed of about sixteen articles and does not extend to the post-lateral angle of the first thoracic segment, but to the pos- terior margin of that segment. The second pair of antenne, with a flagellum of nineteen articles, extend to the post-lateral angle of the first thoracic segment. The segments of the thorax are subequal, with the exception of the first, which is about twice as long as those following. The post-lateral angles of the first segment extend backward. The epimera of the six following segments are not distinct from the segments, but faint lines indicate the place of union. The lateral parts of these segments are drawn out in narrow triangular processes. The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first of which has three suture lines on either side indicating partly coalesced segments. ne PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXXI. The terminal abdominal segment is acutely pointed, with a small lateral tooth on either side, which does not extend to the tip of the large, median terminal tooth. The uropoda are shorter than the terminal segment and do not extend beyond the apex of the ZS <; lateral teeth. The outer movable branch is capable of folding under the fixed inner branch and is not \\ {/ longer than that branch. Both branches are acutely » 4 pointed at the outer post-lateral angles. The inner is biG. 15_Cymopocn OPtusely pointed on the inner post-lateral angle; the arrinis. AgpomeN outer branch is rounded at this point. On the con- pee ter ok vex portion of the terminal abdominal segment, half- way between the base and the extremity are two smali, low tubercles or elevations, one on either side of the median line. I place this species in Cymodoce with some hesitation, because the specimen, which is a female, has not the mouth parts metamorphosed as is usual with the females in this genus, according to Hansen’s recent definition. This species is very similar to Spheroma granulata Edwards from unknown locality, according to Edwards, and from **the east and west coast of Algeria,” according to Filhol. A single female specimen comes from Hakodate Bay, Japan. Depth.— fathoms, in gravel. Type.—Cat. No. 9346, U.S.N.M. ; Genus ZUZARA Leach. Last thoracic segment in the male with a slender mesial process produced backward. Abdomen composed of two segments. Termi- nal abdominal segment in female ‘*somewhat produced; in the male strongly produced with a pair of lateral notches, so that the mesial part is shaped as a process narrowed at the base.” Branches of the uropods in the male are large, broad plates. Maxillipeds with the second, third, and fourth articles of the palp produced into lobes. Exopod of third pleopod two-jointed. Pleopods of the fourth and fifth pairs have the endopods thick, fleshy, with transverse folds, the exopods two-jointed. The type of the genus is Zuzara semipunctata Leach. ZUZARA INTEGRA Haswell. Zuzara iitegra HaAsweu, Proe. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales, VI, 1881-82, pp. 186-188, pl. 11, fig. 6. Body 14 mm. long: 8 mm. wide, increasing gradually in width toward the posterior extremity. The head is wider than long, 2mm.:5$ mm. The anterior margin is produced ina small median point. The first pair of antenne have the first article of the peduncle dilated; the second article is half as No. 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS—RICHARDSON. LS long as the first and narrower; the third article is twice as long as the second and is slender; the flagellum is composed of 23 articles and extends to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment. The second pair of antennz extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment; the flagellum is composed of 18 articles. The eyes are large and composite and are post-laterally situated. The first segment of the thorax is nearly twice as long as the fol- lowing segments which are subequal. The epimera are produced laterally in processes which have rounded extremities. They are not separated from the segments. The seventh tho- racic segment is produced backward in a long median process, with truncate extremity, which extends beyond the first abdominal segment and some distance over the terminal abdominal seg ment. Inthe female this process is much shorter, being more in the form of a triangular tubercle. The first segment of the abdomen is short and has three suture lines on either side indicating partly coalesced segments. The terminal abdominal segment in the male has the sides converging toward the posterior extremity, which has a shallow quadrangular excavation, with a long median process extending some distance beyond the post-lateral angles of the segment. The fixed, inner branches of the uropoda are very large and broad, and surround the posterior part of the abdomen, meeting the pro- duced median process on either side. The outer branches are long and broad, leaf shaped, and extend some distance be- yond the inner branches. In the female, the terminal abdominal segment is triangular, with the apex pro- duced in a very acute point. The branches of the uropoda are similar in shape to those of the male, but are not as long or as broad, and the inner branches eee ce do not extend to the median point of the terminal ANDLasttwotHo- segment. The outer branches are but little longer ntuace von than the inner branches. FEMALE. X 23. The legs are all similar and ambulatory. A large number of individuals of both sexes was collected in rock pools, Hallets cove, St. Vincent Gulf, Australia, by Edgar J. Brad- ley. The specimens are in the U.S. National Museum, Cat. No. 32247. Fig. 16.—ZUZARA INTEGRA. ABDOMEN OF MALE, X 22. Genus ISOCLADUS Miers. Last thoracic segment in the male with a slender median process produced. backward. Abdomen composed of two segments. Termi- nal abdominal segment similar in both sexes, without notch. Branches of the uropoda in the male are large, broad plates. Maxillipeds with the second, third, and: fourth articles of the palp produced into lobes. 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vOL. XXXI. Exopod of third pleopod two-jointed. Pleopods of the fourth and fifth pairs have the endopods thick, fleshy, with transverse folds, the exopods two-jointed. The type is /socladus armatus (Milne Edwards).“ ISOCLADUS MAGELLANENSIS, new species. Body less than twice as long as wide, 4mm.:7 mm. Head wider than long, with the front marginate and produced in a small median point. The eyes are small, composite, and situated in the post-lateral angles of the head. The first pair of antenne have the first article a little longer than wide; the second article is somewhat shorter than the first—about half as long; the third*is one and a half times longer than the second, and narrower. The flagellum is composed of 11 articles and extends to the middle of the second thoracic segment. The second pair of antenne, witha flagellum of 13 articles, extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax is longer than any of the six following segments. The seventh segment is produced in the middle in a long, backwardly directed , which extends almost to the tip of the terminal abdominal segment. The epimera are not distinct from the seg- ments, but are produced post-laterally in narrow processes. The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first of which has suture lines at the sides, indicating other coalesced segments. The terminal segment is triangulate, with the apex rounded. The branches of the uropoda are alike in size and shape and are subequal in length. Each is nearly three times as long as broad, with the extremity roundly truncate. All the legs are ambulatory. This species is close to /socladus spiniger (Dana), but differs in the much wider exopod of the uropoda, which is not acuminate and curved outward at the tip, in the more rounded apex of the endopod of the uropoda and in the longer process of the first abdominal segment. Only one specimen, a female, comes from Mayne Harbor, Owen Island, Straits of Magellan. The type is in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. Cat. No. 6960, M. C. Z. Fic. 18.—ISocCLADUS MAGELLANENSIS. process ABDOMEN AND LAST THREE THO- RACIC SEGMENTS OF MALE. X 9}. Genus DYNAMENELLA Hansen. Sixth and seventh thoracic segments without processes. Abdomen composed of two segments, the first of which is not produced back- « Spheroma armata Milne Edwards. No, 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEA NS—RICHARDSON. kb ward in any process. Terminal abdominal segment usually with a notch, which may or may not be connected anteriorly with a trans- verse foramen. Sexes alike.” Uropods always with exopod at least half as long as endopod. Exopod of third pleopod unjointed. Fourth and fifth pleopoda have both branches subsimilar, with deep, transverse folds, fleshy, and without marginal sete. Exopod of fifth pleopod generally distinctly two-jointed.. Hansen makes Dynamene perforata Moore the type of this genus. DYNAMENELLA AUSTRALIS, new species. Body 4 mm. wide: 7} mm. long. Head quadrangular, frontal mar- gin produced in a small median point. The first pair of antenne extend to the post-lateral angle of the first thoracic segment; the flagellum is composed of ten articles. The second pair of antenn reach the posterior angle of the fourth thoracic segment; the flagellum is com- posed of sixteen articles. The segments of the thorax are similar in shape and size. The epimera are not distinct from the seg- "0 YSate ments. The lateral edges of the segments are almost — Aspomen ayp straight. Two rows of tubercles extend along the era posterior margin of the seventh segment, the two oe middle tubercles of the last row being very broad; the other segments are entirely smooth. The two segments of the abdomen are thickly granulated. Eight tubercles are placed in a transverse line on the first segment. On the terminal segment there are three rows of four tubercles in each row in transverse series. In some of the specimens the two middle tubercles of the last row are wanting. The abdomen narrows rapidly toward its extremity, which is deeply excavate, the excavation being wider anteriorly than posteriorly. A small tubercle is placed just above the excavation. The uropods extend but a little beyond the extremity of the abdomen. The inner branch is narrow, long, and rounded posteriorly. The outer branch is leaf-shaped, broad, pointed at its extremity, and somewhat longer than the inner branch. Both branches of the fourth pleopods are similar, fleshy, crossed with transverse folds, and the exopod is unjointed. The exopod of the third pleopod is also unjointed. a Although the forms which I believed to be the females of Dynameneila perforata may prove to be young males, those supposed by Doctor Hansen to be the females of this species can not be so considered, inasmuch as adult males are found exactly similar tothem. The females of Dynamenella perforata probably resemble the males, as do the females of all the species which I haye referred to Doctor Hansen’s genus. 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. The body of the s specimen is . marked with ‘pate hes of black over a light surface. The abdomen is dark, as well as the head, and there is a broad stripe of the darker color on the inner uropod. The two sexes are similar in every respect. This species differs from Spheroma scabricula Heller “ in the absence of granules on the segments of the thorax, the absence also of the two carinated ridges on the terminal segment of the abdomen, and the difference in the shape of the uropoda, the inner branch in Sphe- roma scabricula being broad and obtuse at the apex, and the outer branch narrow, lanceolate, and longer, while in the present species the inner one is long and narrow, the outer one being broad, but pointed posteriorly. This species also differs from ¢ igipaiee cordiforaminalis Chilton,? from New Zealand, in the difference in the arrangement of the eee cles of the abdomen, in the narrower inner branch of the uropoda, and in the absence of the spine in the foramen. A number of specimens, some imperfect, both males and females, are from Cape Town, Africa. The types are in the U. S. National Museum, Cat? No. 32248. Genus DYNAMENISCUS Richardson. ¢ Seventh segment of thorax not produced backward in any processes. Abdomen composed of two segments, the first of which has indica- tions of partly coalesced segments and is not produced backward in any process. Terminal abdominal segment with a median notch, which has no median lobe or tooth. Both branches of the fourth pleopoda are similar, with transverse folds, fleshy, and without plumose marginal sete. Kxopod of the fourth pleopod unjointed. Exopod of the third pleopod unjointed. Endopod of second pleopod without stylet in male. Branches of uropods strongly unlike; inner branch short, rudimentary; outer branch, long and curved. The type of the genus is O//eea carinata Richardson. DYNAMENISCUS CARINATUS Richardson. Cilicea carinata RicHarpson, Am. Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p, 224; Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, pp. 535-536, figs. 17-19; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 54, 1905, pp. 319-320, figs. 350-352. Dinameniscus carinatus Ricnarpson, Bull. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., No. 54, 1905, Pps ssa “Reise der Osterr-Fregatte Novara um die Erde, Zool., Part 2, 1865, 3 Abth., Deal plum. fos > Trans. New Zealand Institute, XV, 1882-83, pp. 188-190. ¢Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., No. 54, 1905, pp. x, xi. No. 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEA NS-—RICHARDSON. 17 Locality.—Coast of Georgia. Depth.—440 fathoms. Collection of the U. S. National Museum. The head has a median projection on the anterior margin, produced forward in the form of a large tubercle. The eyes are colorless. The first pair of antenne reach the posterior margin of the head; the - flagellum is composed of eight articles. The second pair of antennz a b c ai g h Fig. 20.—DYNAMENISCUS CARINATUS. d@, HEAD. _b. ABDOMEN. c, LATERAL VIEW. d,SECOND PLEOPOD (RIGHT SIDE). 27. e€, THIRD PLEOPOD OF RIGHT SIDE. (ONE BRANCH.) 52. jf, THIRD PLEOPOD OF RIGHT SIDE. (OTHER BRANCH.) 52. g, FOURTH PLEOPOD OF RIGHT SIDE. INNER BRANCH. < 39. h, FOURTH PLEOPOD OF RIGHT SIDE. OUTER BRANCH. %X 39. reaches the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment. The seg- ments of the thorax are roughly granulated. A transverse median ridge or elevation appears on each one of the segments, giving the dorsum, from a lateral view, a very rugged appearance. The epimera are rough and are drawn out laterally in very acute angles. The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first segment being formed cf several coalesced segments, as indicated by two suture lines. In the center of this segment are two longitudinal ridges, placed obliquely, so as almost to meet anteriorly and to diverge at the Proc. N, M. vol. xxxi—06: 2 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI other extremity. This segment projects down over the last segment at either side. The last segment has a deep excavation at its posterior extremity, around and above which is a carinated ridge extending entirely around the whole of the posterior half of the segment. Two small longitudinal ridges are in the center of the segment. The inner branch of the uropoda is very short, not reaching the extremity of the abdomen by some distance; it is quadrangular in shape, with sides nearly parallel, and obliquely truncated at the end. The outer branch of the uropoda is long, curved, and pointed at the end, resemb- ling a hook somewhat. The color is a light yellow. In appearance the little isopod is very rough and rugged looking. The only specimen is a male. Genus DISCERCEIS Richardson.4@ Thorax composed of seven segments, the seventh segment not being produced backward in any processes. Abdomen composed of two segments, the first of which has indications of partly coalesced seg- ments, and is not produced backward in any processes. Terminal abdominal segment with a median notch, which bears a tooth or lobe in the center. Both branches of the fourth pleopoda are similar, with transverse folds, fleshy, and without plumose, marginal sate. Exopod of the fourth pleopod unjointed. Exopod of the third pleopod jointed, and composed of two segments. Branches of uropoda unlike, strongly dissimilar; inner branch short, rudimentary; outer branch long and somewhat curved. The type of the genus is C’/icewa granulosa Richardson. DISCERCEIS GRANULOSA Richardson. Cilicea granulosa RicHarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., X XI, 1899, p. 841, fig. 18; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), IV, 1899, pp. 186-187; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus.; No. 54, 1905, pp. 309-310, fig. 335. Discerceis granulosa RicnHarpson, Bull. U..S. Nat. Mus., No. 54. 1905, p. x. Locality. —Cerros Island, Lower California. Depth.—20 fathoms. Collection of the U. S. National Museum. The surface of the body is densely granulated; the granules are large and close together. Width, 44 mm.; length, 9 mm. The head has the anterior margin thickened and produced in a small median point, on either side of which the margin is lobate. The eyes are situated post-laterally. The first pair of antenne extend to the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment; the first article of the peduncle is oblong; the second article is short. The second pair of antenne extend to the posterior margin of the third thoracic segment. @ Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1905, No. 54, p. x. NO. 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS—RICHARDSON. 19 The first thoracic segment is longer than any of the following seg ments. The epimera are twice as broad as long. The first abdominal segment is short and has indications of three coalesced segments. There are three transverse elevations on this segment which are densely covered with granules. The terminal segment has three transverse elevations at the base, the me- dian one terminating in a spine. On its posterior margin is a quadrangular excava- tion with a long median tooth, bearing a spine at its extremity. At the base of the tooth is a small elevation. On either side of the terminal excavation, a short distance up the lateral margin, is a small spine. — Fic. 21.—Discerceis Granutosa, ihe tixed inner branch of the uropoda is “As. small and short, the outer branch is long, blunt at the extremity, somewhat incurved, and reaches, when open, much beyond the terminal segment. The margins of the terminal segment and the edges of the outer branch of the uropoda are pubescent. The legs are all simple, ambulatory. There are but two specimens of this species, both of which are males. Fic. 22.—DISCERCEIS GRANULOSA. @,SECOND PLEOPOD OF RIGHT SIDE. 52. b, THIRD PLEOPOD (BXOPOD). X 52. ¢, FOURTH PLEOPOD. xX DL. DISCERCEIS LINGUICAUDA Richardson. Cilicea linguicauda Ricnarpson, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, pp. 536-537, fig. 20; Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., No. 54, 1905, p. 309, fig. 334. Discerceis linguicauda Rrcuarpson, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 54, 1905, p. x. Locality.—Cape Catoche, Yucatan. Depth.— 24-25 fathoms. Collection of the U. S. National Museum. Body 3} mm. long: 7 mm. wide. 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Head subtriangular in shape; frontal margin with a small median point; eyes post-laterally situated. The first pair of antenne reach the posterior margin of the first thoracic segment; the second pair touch the fourth segment. The first segment of the thorax is a little longer than any of the others, which are similar in size. The epimera Le are not distinct from the segments, and are produced curcaupa. into acute points, with the exception of the last segment, AppeMEN: which has the epimera quite rounded. The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first of which gives indication of three coalesced segments, and has a small tooth on each side on its post-lateral margin. The last segment is swollen anteriorly, and bears three low tubercles on this portion. The extremity of the abdomen is marked by a sinus, which is almost completely filled by a single large tooth, which is posteriorly triangu- lar and extends beyond the lateral teeth formed by the sinus. This central tooth bears a small, pointed tubercle near its base. The branches of the uropoda are strongly unlike; the inner branch is short, rudimen- tary; the outer branch is slightly in- Fre. 24. —piscercers curved and is somewhat longer than LINGUTCAUDA. THIRD PLEOPOD, X52. Fig. 25.—Discer- the abdomen. Bane eee The color is a dull yellow. The lower part of each x 52, thoracic segment is densely granulated as well as the whole surface of the abdomen. The edges of the segments and the uropoda are fringed with hairs. The only specimen is a male. Fic. 23. — DIs- Genus CASSIDIAS, new genus. Mouth parts of female metamorphosed. Seventh segment of thorax not produced backward in any process. Abdomen composed of two segments, the first of which is not pro- duced backward ina median process. Terminal abdominal segment, with a narrow notch, which is sometimes concealed dorsally, but a groove is formed beneath by the infolding of the margins. Both branches of the fourth pair of pleopods are similar, fleshy, with transverse folds and without marginal sete. The exopod of the the third pleopod is two-jointed. The branches of the uropods are similar, the outer one being capable of folding under the inner one. This genus is nearest to Cassidinopsis Hansen than to any other genus, but differs in having the mouth parts metamorphosed in the female and in having the head of normal size. and No. 1479. NEW ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS—RICHARDSON. 21 The type of the genus is Cass/dias argentinea, the description of which follows. CASSIDIAS ARGENTINEA, new species. Body oval, contractile into a ball. Head wider than long, with the front marginate and produced in a small median point. The eyes are small, composite, and placed in the post-lateral angles. The first pair of antenne have the first article oblong, about one and a half times longer than wide; the second article is minute, round; the third article is narrow, elongate, and about twice as long as the second. The fla- gellum is composed of nine articles and extends to the middle of the e i g h Fic. 26.—CASSIDIAS ARGENTINEA. d@,MAXILLIPED OF FEMALE. X52. 6, FIRST MAXILEA OF FEMALE. x52. ¢c, ABDOMEN AND LAST THORACIC SEGMENT OF FEMALE. X43. d,THIRD PLEOPOD. x 39. e, FOURTH PLEOPOD. x 39. f, LATERAL VIEW OF ABDOMEN. g, ABDOMEN. h, TERMINAL VIEW OF ABDOMEN, first thoracic segment. The second antenne, with a flagellum of ten articles, extend to the posterior angle of the first thoracic segment. The first segment of the thorax is a little longer than any of those following. Epimera are not distinct on any of the segments, but they are indicated by faint lines of depression. The lateral parts of the segments are drawn out in narrow processes. The abdomen is composed of two segments, the first of which has three suture lines on either side, indicating coalesced segments. The terminal segment is produced in a truncate extremity, which has a small rounded excavation in the center. The notch is entirely con- cealed in a dorsal view, and is formed by the infolding of the sides. 22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. At the base of the segment is a large prominent median elevation or tubercle. The inner immovable branch of the uropoda is long and narrow, leaf-shaped, and pointed at the extremity. The outer branch is a little shorter than the inner branch and has the posterior extremity rounded. The endopod and exopod of the fourth pleopod are similar, rather fleshy, with transverse folds, and without marginal sete. The ° exopod of the third pleopod is two-jointed. All the legs are ambulatory in structure. This genus, to which Cymo- doce darwintt Cunningham @ should be referred, comprises a b as yet but two species. The FIG. 27.—CASSIDIAS JEN EESES a, LATER AD VIEW OF present one differs from Cas- ABDOMEN. 0b, ABDOMEN. sidias darwintt in the much longer exopod of the uropoda, in the much larger median tubercle on the terminal abdominal segnient, and in the more shallow notch at the extremity of this segment. Two specimens, both females, come from off Rio de la Plata, Argen- tine Republic. They were collected by the U. 5. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross in 1887, at a depth of 103-114 fathoms, among sand and broken shells. The type is in the U. S. National Museum, Cat. No. 32249. @Trans. Linn. Soc. London, X X VII, 1871, pl. u1x, figs. la, b; Studer, Abhandlungen d. Koniglichen Akademie d. Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1883, pp. 18-19, figs. 6a, b; Dollfus, Mission Scientifique du Cap Horn, 1891, pp. 65-66, pl. vin, figs. 8a, b. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS IN THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. THE FAMILIES LOPHOGASTRIDZ AND EUCOPIID 2. By Arnoip E. OrTMANN, Of the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. INTRODUCTION. The paper submitted herewith forms the first installment of a series of articles describing the Schizopod collections in the United States National Museum. It treats of the families Lophogastride and Eucopiidee, which consist almost exclusively of deep-sea forms. The material at hand, chiefly in the genus Gnathophausia, is so rich that it has been possible to prepare a complete revision of that genus, and it has been found that some characters, which were regarded hitherto as of specific value, are but differences of age in the same species. This made it necessary to prove the changes of these characters with age, and consequently, the discussion of some of the species is some- what lengthy. Other families of the Schizopods will be taken up successively, and the results will be published similarly, as the time at the disposal of the writer will permit. Family LOPHOGASTRIDZ G. O. Sars. 1. LOPHOGASTER TYPICUS M. Sars. Ortmann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm. for 1903, Pt. 3, 1905, p. 967 (see for complete list of literature ).—Sressina, South African Crustacea, Pt. 2, Cape of Good Hope Dept. Agric. 1902, p. 43.—Ho.r and Tarrersatt, Rep. Fisher. Ireland, Pt. 2, Append., IV, 1905, p. 141. Of this species, material was available from two regions, from which it was not. hitherto known, namely, the western Atlantic (coast of United States and Gulf of Mexico), and the western Pacific (Japan). The specimens from the western Atlantic are divided into three sets: One from the coast of the Carolinas (Adbatross stations Nos. 9314, 2601, 2602), consisting of together 10 males and 3 females; the second from the Gulf of Mexico (Stations Nos. 2399, 2401, 2403), PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VOL. XXXI—No. 1480. 23 24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. Vout. XXX1. together'9 males and 1 female; the third from Key West (/%sh Hawk stations Nos. 7282, 7283, 7286). The northern specimens, from the Carolinas, compare with the European (and South African) form in the following particulars: (1) The rostrum is longer, generally about as long as the peduncle of the antennula, but in two specimens (males) it is shorter than this peduncle, although longer than in the typical form; and in 2 females from Station No. 2602 it is slightly longer than this peduncle but dis- tinctly shorter than the antennal scale. (2) The antennal scale has on the outer margin a greater number of teeth; the normal number seems to be 6 or 7; five specimens have 6 teeth on both sides; two specimens have 6 on one side, and 7 on the other; one female has 7 teeth on both sides. Besides, there is one specimen with 6 teeth on one side, and three with 7 teeth on one side, while the other side could not be determined owing to its damaged condition. Finally, one female has 6 teeth on the right, and 5 on the left side. Thus 5 to 7 are the numbers found, 5 once, 6 fourteen times, 7 seven times. (3) In the number of lateral teeth of the telson, these specimens agree well with the European form, the usual number being 3 on each side. There are, however, a few exceptions. Four specimens have 3 teeth on one side, but only 2 on the other; one specimen has 3 teeth on one side and 4 on the other (female, Station No. 2602), and one (male, Station No. 2601), has 1 spine only on each side, placed at a differ- ent level, the right one being more proximal than the left one. Those from the Mexican Gulf have the following characters: (1) The rostrum is in one case only shorter than the peduncle of the antennula; in seven specimens it is longer than this peduncle, but shorter than the antennal scale; and in one case (Station No. 2399) it is about as long as the antennal scale (in the remaining individual it is damaged). Thus the average slightly exceeds that of the northern set. (2) The antennal scale has in seven cases 6 teeth on both sides; in one case there are 6 on one, 7 on the other side; and in two cases there are 7 teeth on both sides. This agrees well with the condition found in the northern set. (3) The telson has uniformly 8 teeth on both sides, with one excep- tion, where there are 2 on the right and 3 on the left. This seems to be the normal condition in Atlantic specimens. The specimens from Key West (6 males, 2 females), collected by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries vessel 1%sh Hawk, agree very well with the Gulf form. The rostrum is as long as the peduncle of the anten- nula, except in two cases, in which it is slightly longer. The antennal scale has generally 6 teeth, but in two specimens there are 7 on the right side. The telson has 8 teeth on each side, but in two specimens there are 2 teeth on one side and 3 on the other. NO. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. 95 The largest West Atlantic specimen is a male from Station No. 2401, measuring 29mm. The few females at hand are all small and measure between 16 and 18 mm. A series of fifteen specimens, 9 males and 6 females, from six stations off Honshu Island, Japan, was examined. None of them were found to be smaller than 21 mm.; the females were between 21 and 27 mm., and two of them (24 and 27 mm.) were gravid; the males being between 29 and 32mm. They have the following characters: (1) The rostrum is comparatively long, even longer than in the West Atlantic form, which in turn exceeds the average found in the Hawaiian. There is not a single individual in which it is shorter than the peduncle of the antennula.. In three (2 males and 1 female) it is about as long as this peduncle, while in all others it is distinctly longer. Generally it is shorter than the scale of the antenna, but in a few cases it is of equal length. (2) The antennal scale has generally only 3 teeth on the outer mar- gin; in one individual (male, 31 mm.) there are 2 on the right and 3 on the left side, and in another one (male, 27 mm.) the reverse is the case. Thus these specimens represent the opposite extreme of that seen in the West Atlantic form. The Hawaiian form is intermediate with 3 to 5 teeth. (3) The telson generally has 2 spines on the lateral margins on each side. Four specimens, however, constitute an exception, having 1 spine on the right side and 2 on the left. The above records show that these characters can not be regarded as of specific value. Taking the European and South African form as the type, the West Atlantic specimens agree with them in the spines of the telson, while all the Pacific specimens possess the tendency to reduce their number. The rostrum is shortest in.the typical form, but in all others shows a tendency to become longer; the Hawaiian form comes close to the typical in this respect, while both the West Atlantic and the Japanese differ more distinctly. In the number of teeth of the antennal scale the typical form is intermediate (5); the West Atlantic form varies in one direction (6 to 7), while the Pacific varies in the other: the Hawaiian with 3 to 5 teeth is more closely allied to the typical form than the Japanese, which has only 2 or 3 teeth. It is very likely that intermediate localities, when found, will tend to connect these forms more closely, and it would be interesting to know particulars about these connecting links. 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Localities represented in the U. S. National Museum. FROM U. 8S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES STEAMER A/batross STATIONS. 2314.—4 males. Between Charleston and Savannah, off South Carolina coast; 159 fathoms. 9399.—1 male. Gulf of Mexico; 196 fathoms. 2401.—1 male. Gulf of Mexico; 142 fathoms. 2403.—7 males, 1 female. Gulf of Mexico; 88 fathoms. 2601.—5 males. Between Cape Hatteras and Charleston, off North Carolina coast; 107 fathoms. 2602.—1 male, 2 females. Between Cape Hatteras and Charleston, off North Carolina coast; 124 fathoms. 3707.—1 female. Off Honshu Island, Japan; 63 to 75 fathoms. 3714.—1 male, 1 female. Off Honshu Island, Japan; 48 to 60 fathoms. 3715.—4 males, 1 female. Off Honshu Island, Japan; 68 to 65 fathoms. 3717.—1 male. Off Honshu Island, Japan; 100 to 63 fathoms. 3718.—3 males, 2 females. Off Honshu Island, Japan; 65 fathoms. 3740.—1 female. Off Honshu Island, Japan; 65 fathoms. FROM U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES STEAMER /7sh Hawk STATIONS. 7232. —4 males, 2 females. Gulf Stream, off Key West; 109 fathoms. 7283.—1 male. Gulf Stream, off Key West; 127 fathoms. (286.—1 male. Gulf Stream, off Key West; 133 fathoms. Localities previously recorded.—Norway, Shetland Islands, Ireland, Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean, Cape of Good Hope, 20-300 fathoms; off Cape St. Blaize, South Africa, 40 fathoms; Hawaiian Islands (Pailolo Channel, Molokai and Laysan Islands), at about the same depth. 2. LOPHOGASTER SPINOSUS, new species. Plate I, figs. la, 1b. Type.—Cat. No. 11464, U.S.N.M. Female. U.S. Bureau of Fish- eries steamer A/batross station No. 2666, between Bahamas and Cape Fear, North Carolina. Latitude 30° 47’ 30” north; longitude 79° 49’ west; depth, 270 fathoms. Although built in the main according to the pattern of the typical and hitherto only known species of the genus, this species differs from the latter in several well-marked characters. (1) Rostrum greatly elongated, almost as long as the carapace in the median line. It exceeds the antennal scales, which also are greatly elongated, and it is without teeth or denticulations. It is directed forward, and is almost straight. (2) Antennal scale greatly elongated and lanceolate; its outer margin is formed by a strong rib, which extends into a long spine; the inner, lamellar part is much shorter, and reaches only to about the distal third of the spine. Outer margin of the spine with 9 spiniform ser- NO, 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. 27 rations on right side, and with 10 on the left; and, further, there is a similar serration on the inner margin, just above the upper end of the lamellar part, and opposite to the second tooth (counted from the tip) of the outer margin. (3) Lateral wings of carapace produced posteriorly into a long spine on each side, which is.almost one-third as long as the carapace (exclud- ing rostrum). (4) Sixth abdominal segment with a subdorsal spine directed straight backward on posterior margin, at the base of the telson, on each side. (5) Telson slightly more elongated than in Z. typ/cus, and with five marginal spines on each side. The terminal spines are similar to those of L. typivus: two pairs, and between them at the posterior termina- tion a serrated crest, which, however, has only four teeth. (The tip of the telson is not very well preserved in the type, as the two outer, smaller terminal spines are broken off.) Measurements.—Total length: 39 mm.; length of rostrum (in front of eyes): 8; length of carapace along dorsal line, including rostrum: 19. GENUS GNATHOPHAUSIA Willemoes-Suhm. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF GNATHOPHAUSIA: a. Antennal scaie small, not jointed, no strong rib terminating ina spine on outer margin; outermargin serrate. Epimera ofsixth abdominal segment united ven- trally, forming together a cordiform, concave plate, incised atapex. Dorsal keel of carapace interrupted. Lower lateral keel not curying upward behind, but terminating in a spine at the postero-inferior angle. Branchiostegal lobe gen- erally with a well-developed spine (sometimes obsolete). Mavxillipeds with a small exopodite.* b. Both lappets of the epimera of the second to fifth abdominal segment pointed and spiniform. Antennal scale subovate, apex shortly pointed. c. Rostrum and all spines of carapace comparatively short or obsolete... ingens c’. Rostrum and spines of carapace well developed and comparatively Noire eat eto ee ee hes be Pyecae wa ae eee eens teas calearata (@) b’. Anterior lappet of the epimera of the first to the fifth abdominal segment small, rounded; posterior lappet pointed and spiniform. Antennal scale sublanceolate, tapering to a sharp, spiniform point.-gigas (+ a’, Antennal scale large, of usual form, jointed at the extremity, outer margin formed by a strong rib terminating in a spine. Epimera of sixth abdominal segment drepanephora? ) not confluent ventrally. b. Lower lateral keel of carapace not curving up behind, but terminating in a spine on the postero-inferior angle of the carapace. Median keel of carapace interrupted, with spiniform serrations. Median line of abdominal segments with strong spines. Upper lateral keel of carapace wanting. Two epimeral spines on each side of the anterior section of sixth abdominal segment Masaliipedsiwith! exopodite 222222. c. os. nae] ee eese. ssa eas gracilis b’. Lower lateral keel of carapace curving up behind; no spine at postero-inferior angle of carapace. Median keel of carapace not interrupted, without spini- form serrations. Median line of abdominal segments—if armed at all—only with posteriorly projecting, small spines. Upper lateral keel of carapace present, very rarely wanting. Maxillipeds without exopodite. «G. calcarata may be the young stage of G. ingens. 23 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. c. Two epimeral spines on each side of anterior section of sixth abdominal seg- ment. Upper lateral keel of carapace present. Antennal spine obsolete. Branchiostegal lobe with a well-marked, triangular spine. Spine of outer margin of antennal scale projecting considerably beyond terminal lobe, serrated on both margins 22: ...42232 2232 ees longispina c’. One epimeral spine on each side of anterior section of sixth abdominal seg- ment. Antennal spine more or less distinct. Branchiostegal lobe without spine, generally rounded, rarely angular. Spine of outer margin of anten- nal scale not, or only slightly, projecting beyond terminal lobe. d. Upper lateral keel of carapace present. e. Abdominal segments dorsally slightly keeled, with small, posteriorly projecting spines. Epimera of fiveanterior abdominal segments pointed posteriorly. Branchiostegal lobe rounded. J. Carapace not suddenly constricted anteriorly, and forming no shoulder. Branchiostegal lobes moderately developed .----..-..--------- 20€d Jf’. Carapace suddenly constricted anteriorly, torming a distinct shoulder in front of the anterior ends of the upper lateral keels. Branchi- ostegal lobe greatly expanded’. 22-32: 5.5 25-3 eee ee scapularis Abdominal segments dorsally not keeled, without spines. Epimera of five anterior abdominal segments rounded posteriorly. Branchiostegal lobe slightly angular 222. 22-2 seo se ee ee eee afjinis d’. Upper lateral keel of carapace wanting. Branchiostegal lobe rounded or angular, but without spine. Abdominal segments dorsally without keel, but posteriorly with a small, depressed, triangular projection. Epimera of five anterior abdominal segments ending in small points posteri- Otly on case tn leet ec Yess cee See re elegans e’. 3. GNATHOPHAUSIA INGENS (Dohrn). Lophogaster ingens Dourn, Zeitschr. wiss. Zool., XX, 1870, p. 610, pl. xxx1, figs. 12-14. Gnathophausia ingens G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christiania, 1883, No. 3; Rep. Chal- lenger, XIII, 1885, p. 30, pl. 1. . I have never seen this species. It is founded upon a very old female, sexually mature, and a similar female has served as the basis for Sars’s description. It is very closely allied to G. calcarata, and 1 strongly incline to the opinion that it will prove to be G. calcarata, representing an old female of that species, in which case it will be called G. cngens, the name calcarata becoming a synonym. (. ingens especially agrees with G. calcarata in the following important characters: (1) General form of body, and arrangement of keels and spines of carapace. (2) Sculpture and armature of abdomen, especially as the epimer: of the tive anterior segments are identical in both forms. (3) Shape of antennal scale, It differs from G. calearata in the following respects: (1) In the shorter rostrum and the inferior development of all spines of the carapace, the supraorbital spine being even wanting, the branchi- ostegal spine being obsolete. No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. 99 (2) In the absence of the two pairs of oblique keels on the superior face of the carapace. (3) In the shape of the ventral epimeral plate of the sixth abdomi- nal segment, which, although closely approaching the shape seen in the largest specimens of (. c/carata, has the tips separated and bifid, the inner spine being slightly longer. The first of these characters can not be regarded as of specific value. Dohrn’s specimen measured 155 mm., Sars’s specimen 157mm. The largest G. calcarata at hand (and ever observed) measures 115 mm., and consequently, is considerably younger than the known specimens of G. ingens. Now, as shown below, it is a general rule in this genus that all the spines of the carapace and the rostrum decrease in rela- tive size with advancing age, and thus it is easy to believe that the slight development of these spines in G. ¢ngens is due to old age only. In fact, if we imagine that @. calcarata grows larger and that the spines decrease proportionally, we would obtain, at about the size of 150 to 160 mm., the conditions found in G. ¢ngens. As to the second differential character, the lack of the two oblique keels on the upper face of the carapace, this may have been over- looked by Dohrn and Sars. In fact, these two keels were overlooked by Sars in G@. calcarata; at any rate, they are not mentioned in the description, although one of the figures (Plate IV, fig. 2) shows traces of them. The third character offers only a slight difference from the condi- tion seen in large specimens of G@. calcarata. In the latter the tips of the epimeral plate of the sixth abdominal segment are in contact in the median line, while in G@. ¢ngens they are separated, according to Sars’s fig. 6 on Plate I]. Moreover, in @. calcarata the outer spine of the bifid end of each of the tips is greatly longer than the inner, while in G. ¢ngens the inner spine is slightly the longer. At present this last character remains the only one upon which G. ingens and G. calcarata can be separated, and it is not improbable that further material will demonstrate that one form passes into the other when we consider the changes in the sixth epimeral plate in its development from the young (. calcarata to the old. Distribution of G. ingens.—Ott the west coast of Africa: ** Laos,” depth not recorded (Dohrn). Near Aru Island, Arafura Sea (New Guinea), 800 fathoms (Sars). 30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI, 4. GNATHOPHAUSIA CALCARATA G. O. Sars. Plate I, figs. 2a, 2b. Gnathophausia calcarata G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christiania, 1883, No. 5; Rep. Challenger, XIII, 1885, p. 35, pl. 1v.—Ortrmann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm. for 1903, Pt. 3, 1905, p. 968. Gnathophausia bengalensis Woop-Mason, Ann. Nat. Hist. (6), VIII, 1891, p. 269. Specific characters.—Aside from the group characters (see a in the key), the following are to be considered as of specific value: (1) The subovate, not lanceolate, shape of the antennal scale. (2) The presence of two pairs of oblique keels on the upper surface of the carapace. (3) The shape of the epimera of the second to fifth abdominal seg- ment, both lappets of which are pointed and spiniform. (4) The bifid points of the epimera of the sixth abdominal segment, with the inner point much shorter than the outer (in old specimens only). Description.—Carapace with dorsal, upper, and lower lateral keels. Dorsal keel interrupted in the middle part. Lower lateral keel ending ina spine at the postero-inferior angle of the carapace. On upper face of carapace, between median and upper lateral keels, there are two oblique keels on each side, converging posteriorly, the anterior pair running toward the anterior end of the posterior section of the dorsal keel, but not joining it; the posterior pair running almost par- allel to the first pair, their hind ends not joining the dorsal keel. Ros- trum of various lengths, according to age, about as long as the rest of the carapace in very young specimens. In older ones, the part in front of the supraocular spines is about one-third of the length of the rest of the carapace. Supraocular spines very small, sometimes obsolete. Antennal spines small, but well developed, the most constant spines in size. Branchiostegal spines quite large and well developed in young specimens, and longer than the antennal spines. In old specimens they are not only relatively, but absolutely smaller, and become shorter than the antennal spines. Postero-dorsal spine of various lengths, according to age, but the variation is not very great; it is always well developed, but shorter than the postero-inferior spines. Spines of postero-inferior angle greatly varying in length with age; very long, almost half the length of the carapace (excluding the rostrum) in young specimens, and distinetly diverging and spreading out in a postero- lateral direction. In old specimens they are much shorter, even abso- lutely shorter, and are as short as about one-seventh of the carapace (without rostrum); they are not divergent, but directed straight back- ward. Branchiostegal, postero dorsal, and postero-inferior spines, when well developed, with more or less distinct serrations, which become indistinct with age, and even disappear entirely. No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. 31 Antennal scale small, subovate, pointed; point not produced. Outer margin serrate, serrations three to six (sometimes different on right and left sides), the distal serration at a certain distance from the tip of the scale, and the margin between this serration and the tip either straight or slightly emarginate, thus giving a more or less truncate appearance to the scale. Abdomen sculptured by a distinct transverse groove near the pos- terior margin of each of the five anterior segments; there is a similar but fainter groove near the anterior margin. The posterior groove is continued down to the epimeral lappets, and here its anterior edge is marked on an elevated ridge. This sculpture is seen clearly only in well-preserved specimens, and sometimes there are traces of a sub- dorsal longitudinal keel on each side. Also a blunt median keel is sometimes indicated. The epimera of the second to the fifth segment consist of two lappets, which are both produced and acutely pointed, the posterior being somewhat longer than the anterior. The anterior lappet of the first segment is considerably shorter than the spiniform posterior lappet, and is not produced into a spine, but bluntly pointed or even obtuse. The epimera of the sixth abdominal segment unite ventrally to form a concave, cordiform plate, which, in old individ- uals, is produced beyond the posterior margin of the sixth segment. In young individuals the right and left lappets are short and simply pointed, and separated from one another by a shallow emargination. With increasing age they become much elongated, are separated by a narrow slit, and the tips become bifid, a second point developing on the inner side, which is always much shorter than the outer point. In old individuals the inner tips are in contact in the median line and may even overlap. Variations with age.—\ had an excellent opportunity to study this species, as over 40 individuals in good condition were available, of very different sizes and ages, ranging from 42 mm. to about 115 mm. The three first-named specific characters are always present, but the fourth is observed only in older individuals. The spines of the cara- pace are very variable in their development according to age, and generally they are comparatively longer in young specimens and shorter in old ones. Sometimes, in the cases of the branchiostegal and postero-inferior spines, even the absolute length in older speci- mens is inferior to that in younger ones. This seems to be a general rule in this genus, for it was discovered by the writer in another species of the genus, (7. longispina.“ Another important variation, due to age, is found in the ventral epimeral plate (see Plate I, figs. 20-27). The smallest individual (42 mm., Station No. 3627, fig. 27) has this plate very short; the two tips a@Bull. U. 8. Fish Comm. for 1903, 1905, p. 970. a PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. With advancing age the tips of this plate are more produced (specimen of 55 mm., Station No. 2980, fig. 24, and specimen of 68 mm., Station No. 2929, fig. 2c), a slight angulation appears on the inner side of the tips, which are not so widely separated, the incision becoming narrower and longer. Farther on the tips are gradually produced beyond the posterior margin of the segment (specimen of 81 mm., Station No. 2919, fig. 2d, and specimen of 91 mm., Station No. 4389, fig. 2¢), the inner angle develops into a distinct spine, which is shorter than the tip, and the two tips approach each other closely, finally coming in contact at the level of the smaller inner point. The incision becomes long and narrow, slit-like. In the largest specimen at hand (115 mm., Station No. 3670, fig. 27) the two tips approach so closely to each other that the inner point of the left side overlaps that of the right. Identity of G. bengalensis with G. calcarata.—W ood-Mason gives the following differential characters for his G. bengalensis: (1) ‘‘Carapace covers the whole of the first and part of the second abdominal somite,’’ while in G. calcarata the carapace does not cover the trunk entirely. (2) “The antennal, branchiostegal, and postero-inferior spines appear quite smooth to the naked eye, being only obsoletely or microscopically serrated.”’ (3) ‘The supraorbital spine is readily distinguishable by its shape from the rostral denticles.”’ (4) “The upper lateral keels are strongly roof-shaped.”’ (5) ‘The oblique subdorsal keels are more pronounced.”’ (6) ‘Antennal scale more broadly emarginate at the apex.” (7) ‘‘The pleural lappets of the last abdominal somite are terminated by two very unequal spines (of which the outer is longer and sharp, and the inner short and blunt), and are separated from one another posteriorly in the mid-ventral line by a long and narrow incision.’’ Leneth of Wood-Mason’s specimen (female with a rudimentary brood-pouch): 91 mm. Of these characters, the following may be remarked: (1) It depends entirely on the state of preservation how much of the trunk or the abdomen is covered by the carapace. In my speci- mens, there are the following limits: The minimum, when only the trunk is covered, the maximum, when the whole of the first and the anterior part of the second abdominal segment is covered. The latter case corresponds to Wood-Mason’s species, but, as it happens, this one is found in a small individual (55 mm. Station No. 2384), which is, in all other respects, and especially in the ventral epimeral plate, a typ- ical calcarata. In many of my specimens, in which the state of pres- ervation permits, they being rather flabby, I am able at will to change the degree of covering of the abdomen, by simply pulling out or pushing in the latter. (2) The serrations are to my eyes, which are normal-sighted, always invisible, and I have to use a lens to discover them. Some- No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEA NS—ORTMANN. BO ee times, chiefly in old individuals, they are actually wanting. Their presence or absence cannot constitute a specific character. ‘ (3) The supraorbital spine is sometimes distinctly visible, some- times entirely obsolete. If present, it is always marked by its position. Even when developed, it is so small that its presence or absence cannot be of specific value. (4) What Wood-Mason means by ‘‘roof-shaped” upper lateral keels, I cannot imagine. (5) The oblique dorsal keels are also found in Sars’s species; they are slightiy indicated in his fig. 2 (chiefly the posterior pair, which is most important). In poorly preserved, flabby specimens, which have undergone much rough handling, they are sometimes indistinct. They are present in all my individuals, and hence this character can not be accepted as constituting a difference between bengalensis and calcarata. yi (6) The degree of emargination or truncation of the antennal scale offers variations, as is already indicated in Sars’s figures (Plate LV, figs. 2,4, 5). I have called attention to this fact in connection with the Hawaiian material”, wh‘cn is further confirmed by the present material. A real emargination (7. ¢., a concave marginal line) is comparatively rare; generally there is a truncation, with the marginal line between tip and first tooth straight. (7) The description of the epimeral plate given by Wood-Mason corresponds exactly to what we see in my figs. 2a to 2/7, with the exception that the inner tip of each epimeral lappet is sharp, not blunt. In younger specimens, however, it 7s blunt (see my figs. 20 and 2c). Thus this character agrees well with the assumption that G. bengulensis is an older and larger @. calcarata. Thus of the seven characters given by Wood-Mason for G. bengalen- sis, six are not actual differences, and one, the fourth, is unintelligible. The only real difference from Sars’s description and figure 1s found in the epimeral plate of the sixth abdominal segment; but this organ, as shown, changes its form with age, and (. bengalensis is a rather large individual (91 mm.). Specimens from my material of the same size present an epimeral plate (see fig. 2c) closely corresponding to W ood- Mason’s description. Sars had two specimens of this species; the large one was 95 mm., and to it belong the figures of the whole animal (slightly enlarged, Plate IV, figs. 1, 2). The carapace of the smaller one (68 mm.) 1s figured in his fig. 3. Sars does not say from which individual the other figures are taken, but it seems from the latter. Then his figure of the epimeral plate (fig. 6) belongs to this smaller individual. The same plate of an individual of the same size (68 mm.) is figured in my aBull. U. S. Fish Comm. for 1903, 1905, p. 969. Proe. N. M. vol. xxxi—06——3 o4 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NA TIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. fic. 2c, and shows a rather more advanced stage, although it comes very close to Sars’s figure, and differs considerably from the epimeral plate of larger specimens. Sars’s figure is about intermediate between my figures 2b and 2c, representing specimens of 55 and 68 mm., respectively. Sex in G. calcarata.—It is rather hard to distinguish male and female in this genus unless full-grown individuals are at hand. Old females are readily recognized by the presence of marsupial lamellez at the bases of the thoracic legs. These lamelle ‘‘are absent in the male, but the male has, at the coxa of the last pair of legs, posteriorly and on each side, a small tuberculiform prominence, representing the outer sexual appendage.” In young and not quite adult females, however, the marsupial lamelle are comparatively small. In all the females of the present species, even the largest, the lamelle were not fully developed, being short and narrow, not folding over one another in the median line, so that a ‘‘marsupial’ pouch” is not formed. In younger individuals these lamelle are very small, hardly distinguishable. The smallest in which I found traces of them was 64 mm. long (Station No. 2980). In all smaller specimens there was no trace of them, and I was unable to make out Whether they were young males or young females, as the male tubercle is generally not visible; in one individual only (55 mm., Station No. 2980) I thought I could see this tuberele. Upward of the size of about 65 mm. it is possible to tell the males from the females, and it is remarkable that in the material examined females were more abundant, there being only 9 males, as against 23 females. It is remarkable, further, that the largest male was only 76 mm. lone, and that all specimens above this size were females (17 of them). Sars’s largest specimen of 98 mm. is said to bea male, while Wood- Mason’s specimen (91 mm.) was a female. The fact that even the largest females did not have the marsupial pouch completely developed indicates that they were not fully mature sexually. This makes 1t probable that they would have to develop further before being able to propagate, and suggests the possibility that they may attain the size of G@. zngens, m which case they might assume the characters of the latter, thus making G. zngens the full- grown female of this species. Most of the specimens were from the Eastern Pacifie (California region), only one young one (55 mm., Station No. 2384) being from the Gulf of Mexico. This is distinguished by a very long rostrum and very long postero-inferior spines. The rostrum, in front of the supra- ocular spines, is slightly longer than the rest’of the carapace (exclud- ing the postero-dorsal Spine), and was even longer than that, since the “Sars, p. 27, and Plate III, figs. 14 and 16. No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEA NS—ORTMANN. B5 tip is damaged. The postero-inferior spines are as long as the distance from their base to the posterior base of the branchiostegal lobe (re- sembling closely Sars’s fig. 3 on Plate IV). (A specimen from Station No. 2980, also 55 mm. long, has the rostrum slightly shorter than the carapace, and the postero-inferior spines are only half as long as in the specimen from the Mexican Gulf.) For the rest, this specimen shows no differences; especially the epimeral plate agrees exactly with the specimen from Station No. 2980, shown in my fig. 2b. The ecara- pace covers the anterior part of the second abdominal segment, rep- resenting the maximum among my material, but this is probably due to the method of preservation. It has the appearance of having been put into strong alcohol at first, and consequently is much contracted. In slightly younger specimens from California the rostrum is rela- tively of the same length, and the postero-inferior spines at least approach the condition found in the Gulf specimen. Localities represented in the U. S. National Museum. FROM U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES STEAMER Alhatross STATIONS. 2384.—1 young. Gulf of Mexico; 940 fathoms. 2839.—1 male, 1 female. Santa Barbara Islands, California; 414 fathoms. 2919.—1 female. Off southern California; 984 fathoms. 2923.—1 female. Off southern California; 822 fathoms. 9929.—1 male. Off southern California; 623 fathoms. 2936.—1 male, 3 females. Off southern California; 359 fathoms. 2980.—2 males, 1 female. Off southern California; 603 fathoms. 2986.-—1 young. Off Lower California; 684 fathoms. 3127.—2 females. Off central California; 62 fathoms. 3348.—1 young. Off northern California; 455 fathoms. 3627.—1 young. West of Cortez and Tanner Banks; 776 fathoms. 3670.—1 female. Monterey Bay; 581 fathoms. 4333.—2 females. Off San Diego; 301 to 487 fathoms. 4334.—1 male, 1 female. Off San Diego; 514 to 541 fathoms. 4335.—1 male. Off San Diego; 500 to 530 fathoms. 4336.—1 male, 1 female. Off San Diego; 518 to 565 fathoms. 4337.—2 males, 1 female. Off San Diego; 617 to 680 fathoms. 4339.—1 female. Off San Diego; 241 to 369 fathoms. 4351.—1 male (?) young, 1 female. Off San Diego; 423 to 488 fathoms. 4353.—1 female. Off San Diego; 628 to 640 fathoms. 4354.—2 young. Off San Diego; 646 to 650 fathoms. 4379.—1 female. Off San Diego; 257 to 408 fathoms. 4380.—1 female. Off San Diego; 530 to 618 fathoms. 4381.—1 female. Off San Diego; 618 to 667 fathoms. 4382.—1 female, 1 young. Off San Diego; 642 to 666 fathoms. 4389.—1 male, 3 females. Off San Diego; 608 to 671 fathoms. 36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXX1, 4390, —1 female. Off Santa Catalina Islands, 1,350 to 2,182 fathoms. 4528.—1 male. Monterey Bay; 545 to 800 fathoms. Previous records.—Arafura Sea, 800 fathoms (Sars); vicinity of Talaur Island, S. of Mindanao, Philippines, 500 fathoms (Sars); Hawaiian Islands: Kaiwi Channel, and vicinity of Kauai Island, 442-881 fathoms (Ortmann); Bay of Bengal, 1748 fathoms (Wood- Mason). 5. GNATHOPHAUSIA GIGAS Willemoes-Suhm. Plate II, figs. 1b, la. Gnathophausia gigas WiLLEMoES-SunM, Trans. Linn. Soe. London, Zool. (2), I, 1875, p. 28, pl. 1x, figs. 16, 17; pl. x, figs. 2, 3.—G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christiania, 1883, no. 4; Rep. Challenger, XIII, 1885, p. 33, pl. 111.—Orr- MANN, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. for 1908, Pt. 3, 1905, p. 968. This species is closely allied to G. calcarata, but differs in certain constant characters. On account of the general resemblance of both species, it is hardly necessary to give a complete description of G. gigas, and it will suffice to mention the differential characters. 1. The arrangement of the keels of the carapace is essentially the same in both species, with the exception that the posterior oblique keels of the upper face are entirely wanting in G. gigas. The anterior oblique keels are present, occupying the same position as in G. calearata. 2. The spines of the carapace, in young specimens, are about the same as in @. calcarata, but the supraocular spine is more distinct, and as large as, or even larger than, the antennal spine. In older individuals all the spines are shorter than in G. calcarata, with the exception of the supraocular, which is always distinct. Antennal spine small, branchiostegal generally slightly larger than the latter, postero-dorsal very short. The largest are the postero-inferior spines, which approach closely those of G. calcarata, although they are shorter in the average. 3. Antennal scale of G. gigas of slightly different shape; itis rather lanceolate, and not ovate, and the terminal point is longer and more tapering. The outer margin has four or five spiniform serrations, the anterior sharp and strong, the posterior small and sometimes obso- lete; these serrations, generally, are stronger than in G. calcarata. 4. The epimera of the five anterior abdominal segments are differ- ent in both species. While in @. calcarata both lappets of the second to fifth are strongly developed and are both spiniform, in G. gigas only the posterior lappet is produced and spiniform in all five seg- ments, and the anterior is small and rounded (see Sars’s fig. 1 on Plate ITI). 5. The ventral epimeral plate of the sixth abdominal segment differs in both species in the larger individuals. In young specimens of G@. No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. 37 gigas (see Plate II, fig. 1a, taken froma small individual, 56 mm. long, Station No. 3329), it is rather indifferent in shape, the two tips being widely separated by a very shallow incision; the two halves are not completely united in the median line. In larger individuals (see my fig. 14 on Plate II, taken from an immature female about 90 mm. long, Sta- tion No. 2741) the tips are produced almost to the posterior margin of the segment, are more closely approached, and separated by a narrower and longer incision. This incision, however, is wider than in speci- mens of corresponding size of G. cal/carata, and the tips on both sides are simple, not bifid as in G. calcarata. However, Sars in his fig. 5 on Plate III draws an accessory terminal spine on the outer side of the left tip, while the right tip is entire. In our specimens I have never seen a condition like this. Our largest individual (Station No. 2860, 119 mm.) has the epimeral plate similar to that shown in our fig. 14 on Plate I, but it is slightly shorter andthe outer margin is more evenly rounded, not angular, as in the latter. The characters given under 1, 3, and + are most important, and according to my experience always hold good. Characters 2 and 5 are not so reliable, although they may prove to be of some help. With regard to the relative length of the rostrum and the spines of the carapace, again the fact will have to be stated that they all are com- paratively longer in young specimens, as I have already pointed out. The epimeral plate of the sixth abdominal segment, although different from that of G. calcarata, is not very reliable on account of the marked changes in shape taking place during development. Our largest specimen (Station No. 2860) is 119 mm. long; and is a female with the marsupial pouch fully developed. Sars’s specimen was a male, 142 mm. long. Our second largest individual (Station No. 2741) is an immature female about 90 mm. long, with small, but dis- tinct marsupial lamelle, which do not form a ‘* pouch.” All other specimens that have come under my observation are much smaller; the one from Hawaii is 50 mm., another from Sitka Sound, Alaska, (to be ‘described elsewhere) is 55 mm. long, and the present young one from Station No. 3329 is 56mm. long. They have no traces of marsupial lamella, and have been regarded by me as males. But I am not quite sure as to this point. They may be young females. The two speci- mens from Station No. 3340 consist of two badly damaged carapaces with remnants of the trunk, while in both the abdomen is entirely missing. However, they undoubtedly belong to this species, since characters 1 and 3 are clearly observable. a 38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI Localities PEPrese nted in the U. 8. National Musewn. FROM U.S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES STEAMER Albatross STATIONS. 2741.—1 female adult. Between Cape Charles and Long Island; 852 fathoms. 2860.—1 female. Between Sitka and Columbia River; 876 fathoms. 3329.—1 young. Bering Sea; 399 fathoms. 3340.—2 specimens (damaged). Between Unalaska and Kadiak; 695 fathoms. Previous records.—W est of Azores, 2,200 fathoms (Sars); Hawaiian Islands, vicinity of Kauai Island; 850-767 fathoms (Ortmann). Another locality is off Sitka Sound, Alaska, 922 fathoms. 6. GNATHOPHAUSIA DREPANEPHORA Holt and Tattersall. Gnathophausia drepanephora Hour and Tarrersauu, Rep. Fisheries Ireland, Pt. 2, Append. No. 4, 1905, p. 113, pl. xvi; Ann. Nat. Hist. (7), XVI, 1905, en Osa les sur I have not seen this species, but I strongly suspect that it is only the young stage of G. gigas. Holt and Tattersall create for it a separate section of the genus, uniting characters of the two main divisions; it agrees in every respect with our first division (@ of the key), with the exception that the epimera of the sixth abdominal segment are said to be not united ventrally. Disregarding the latter character, G. drepanephora agrees in every particular with G. g7gas, making allowance for the much less advanced age of the former (only 39 mm.); thus the spines of the carapace, chiefly the postero-dorsal and the postero-laterals are much more developed relatively. Further, in G. drepanephora, the epimera of the five anterior abdominal segments are described and figured as pos- sessing only a posterior lappet, which is produced and spiniform while the anterior lappet is absent. This also may be due to age As regards the epimera of the sixth abdominal seems Holt and Tattersall describe them as not united v entrally. We have seen above, under (. gigas, that in young individuals (56 mm. long) these parts are not completely united in the median line, and thus it appears pos- sible that G. drepanephora represents only a stage that is younger yet than the youngest known specimen of G. gigas. Lack of material of the young of G. gigas prevents the settlement of this question finally, but Lam inclined to regard G. drepanephora as the young stage of G. gigas. (. drepanephora has been found off the western coast of Ireland, latitude 52° 27’ 06” north; longitude 15° 40’ west, in 1,770 fathoms. No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. oY 7- GNATHOPHAUSIA GRACILIS Willemoes-Suhm. Gnathophausia gracilis W1LLEMOES-SuuM, Trans. Linn. Soe. London (2) I, 1875, p. 33, pl. 1x, fig. 1.—G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christiania, 1883, no. 11; Rep. Challenger, XIII, 1885, p. 48, pl. vir, figs. 6-10. Gnathophausia gracilis var. brevispinis Woop-Mason and Aucock, Ann. Nat. Hist. (6), VII, 1891, p. 188. Gnathophausia brevispinis Woop-Mason and Arcock, Ann. Nat. Hist. (6), VII, 1891, p. 269.—Faxon, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., X VIII, 1895, p. 216, pl. s. Gnathophausia dentata Faxon, Bull. Mus. Comp.-Zool., XXIV, 1893, p. 217.¢ Carapace with keels and spines of the type of the first group, but upper lateral keel entirely absent. Lower lateral keel terminating in a spine at the postero-inferior angle of the carapace. There is another smaller spine just below this one, which is directed outward and some- times obsolete. Median keel interrupted, its posterior part with spini- form serrations. Postero-dorsal spine short. From the anterior end of the posterior part of the dorsal keel a pair of oblique keels runs forward and downward. Anterior part of dorsal keel triangularly elevated upon the gastric region, forming a prominent dentate crest, which extends forward to the rostrum. Supraocular spines small; antennal spines larger; branchiostegal spines very large. Antennal scale of the type of the second group, large, of usual shape, formed by a lanceolate-ovate lamella, the outer margin of which has a strong spine, which is serrated at the outer edge and pro- jects slightly beyond the terminal lobe of the lamellar part. Abdomen of the general type of the second group, but peculiar on account of the great development of dorsal spines. ‘The first and sec- ond segments have each 2 large, triangular spines in the median line, the posterior of them at the posterior margin of the segment; the anterior spine of the first segment is generally smaller than the pos- ‘terior. The following 3 segments (third to fifth) have each a posteri- orly projecting spine on the posterior dorsal end. The two lappets of the epimera of the first to the fifth segments are short and pointed, the posterior slightly longer than the anterior. Epimera of the sixth abdominal segment of the type of the second group, not united ventrally to form a ventral plate. There are 2 tri- angular, pointed epimeral lappets on each side of the anterior part of the sixth segment. I do not entertain the slightest doubt that G@. brevispinis Wood- Mason and Alcock, is identical with G. gracilis Suhm. Faxon? admits the following differences of G. brevispinis from G. gracilis: 1. Prominent, dentate gastric crest. aThe Gnathophausia figured on the colored plate opposite p. 500 in Chun, Aus den Tiefen des Weltmeeres, 1900, resembles this species, except for the spine just back of the cervical groove. bMem. Mus. Comp. Zool., X VIII, 1895, p. 218. 40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. 2, Small size (or even absence) of the lower spine of the postero- inferior angle of the carapace. 3. Great breadth of the antennal scale. 4. Pleura of first 4 abdominal segments expanded posteriorly. 5. A transverse fold separating the 2 dorsal spines of the second abdominal segment. I have to make the following remarks as to these points: 1. According to Willemoes-Suhm, the gastric region of G. gracilis has 2 small teeth in the median line; according to Sars, who examined the same individual, it is unarmed. This difference is apparently due to the poor state of preservation of the Challenger specimen, and, as Sars’s figure is probably inaccurate in this respect, we can not depend on this character. 2. The lower spine of the postero-inferior angle of the carapace is certainly subject to variation. Faxon says that it is sometimes nearly or quite obsolete; my specimen, which agrees in most respects with G. brevispinis, has it well developed, although smaller than the upper spine and not quite so large as in Sars’s figure. Consequently this character is not reliable. In the width of the antennal scale I fail to observe any difference between Sars’s (Plate VII, fig. 8) and Faxon’s (Plate J, fig. 1c) figures. In the latter, it may be slightly wider in the basal part, but this does not constitute a specific difference. As to 4 and 5 we can not compare . brevispinis with @. gracilis, as Sars does not mention these characters. His figures, indeed, do not show the features given for G. brevispinds, but it must be borne in mind that this may be due to the poor condition of the Challenger specimen. My specimen agrees with G. brevispinis in these respects. The very peculiar association of characters found in both of these species (which are supposed to be distinct) on account of which it is necessary to place them by themselves within the genus, renders it probable, from the start, that they are identical. The above consider- ations remove any probable necessity for their separation, and hence I have no hesitation in uniting them in one species. The size of Sars’s specimen is 41 mm.; of Wood-Mason and Alcock’s 82 and 92 mm.; Faxon gives 60 mm. My specimen is about 60 mm. long, and seems to be a male, since no traces of marsupial lamelle are present. This species seems to attain a larger size, since the largest specimen known (92 mm.) was.an ‘“‘immature female with the last pair of incubatory lamelle only 3 mm. long” (Wood-Mason). Locality.—U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross station 3128—1 male. Off Central California; 627 fathoms. Previous records.—Atlantic, between Africa and Brazil, latitude 1° 22’ north, longitude 26° 36’ west, 1,500 fathoms (Sars); Bay of Bengal, 920-690 fathoms and 1,748 fathoms (Wood-Mason and No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. ee Alcock): off eapana, 1.901 re 1. 471 fathoms (Faxon); off Galapagos Islands, 551, 1,189, and 1,322 fathoms (Faxon) If the specimen peared by Chun®@ is this cine we have to add: Gulf of Guinea, 4,000 meters. 8. GNATHOPHAUSIA LONGISPINA G. O. Sars. Gnathophausia longispina G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christiania, 1883 no. 10; Rep. Challenger, XIII, 1885, p. 46, Ee vu, figs. 1-5; pl. vi1.—Orrmann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. for 1903, Pt. 8, 1905, p. 969. This species is not Pale cuted in the present material, but I had quite a number of specimens when I worked on the Hawaiian material, and thus I am able to give a good account of it. Carapace with keels of the type of the second group: An upper lateral keel is present; the lower lateral keel curves up behind, and runs toward the postero-dorsal spine. The dorsal keel is continuous, and projects as a long postero-dorsal spine. Rostrum long. Supraocular spines well developed; antennal spine obsolete (very small or even absent); branchiostegal spine well marked and triangular. No postero- inferior spines, but posterior angles of carapace mode’ off. (With the exception of the branchiostegal spine, the spines of the carapace are of the type of the second group.) Antennal scale of the type of the second group, and remarkably long; the marginal spine is greatly produced, projecting considerably beyond the terminal lobe of the lamellar part, and serrated at both the inner and outer margins. Abdomen of the type of the second group, with a small posteriorly projecting dorsal spine at the hind margin of each of the five anterior segments. Epimera of the five anterior segments with the two lappets acute, the anterior short and smail, the posterior longer and spiniform; in the male, the posterior lappet of the second segment is greatly elongated, with a long spiniform tip; in the female, it does not differ essentially from those of the other segments. Epimera of sixth abdominal segment of the type of the second group, but there are two triangular, acute lappets on each side, as in G. gracilis. The chief specific characters are: The presence of a branchiostegal spine, the shape of the antennal scale, and the character of the abdominal segments. The remarkable posterior lappet of the second abdominal segment is found only in the male sex, and thus males and females may be easily distinguished. As I have demonstrated with the help of Hawaiian material, the rostrum, the dorsal and branchiostegal spines, and the marginal serra- tions of the antennal scale change with age, being more strongly developed in young individuals. « Aus den Tiefen des W ieee 1900, p- 500. 49 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXT. Size.—Sars had 5 specimens, the largest Deine a male, 59 mm. lone. My material from the Hawaiian Islands consisted of 40 speci- mens, the largest of which was a female, 62 mm. long, with the marsupial pouch fully developed. Since there were other females, in which at about the size of 50 mm. the marsupial lamelle were well formed, it is probable that this species does not attain the gigantic dimensions seen in others. Distribution. Ott Samboangan, Philippines, 250 fathoms (Sars). Not rare at the Hawaiian Islands (found at 15 stations), near the islands of Oahu, Molokai, and in Kaiwi Channel, 222-498 fathoms (Ortmann). 9. GNATHOPHAUSIA ZOEA Willemoes-Suhm. Plate II, fig. 2a, 2b. Gnathophausia zoéa WILLEMOES-SunM, Nature, VIII, (873, p. 401, fig. 6; Trans. Linn. Soe. London (2), I, 1875, p. 32, pl. x1x, figs. 2-15; pl. x, fig. 4.—A. Mrine-Epwarps, Rec. fig. Crust. nouy., I, 1883.—G. O. Sars, Rep. Chall., XIII, 1885, p. 44, pl. vr, figs. 6-10.—Faxon, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool, X VIII, 1895, p. 215. —Cautiery, Ann. Univ. Lyon, fase. 2, 1896, p. 8368.—ALcocK and Anperson, Ann. Nat. Hist. (7), III, 1899, p. 3.—Horr and Tarrersat, Rep. Fisheries Ireland, II, App. 4, 1905, p. 141.—Hawnsen, Bull. Mus. Monaco, XXX, 1905, p. 5. Gnathophausia willemoesi G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christiania, 1883, no. 6; Rep. Challenger, XIII, 1885, p. 38, pl. v, figs. 1-6.—Faxon, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., X VIII, 1895, p. 215, pl. x, fig. 1.—OrrmMann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm. for 1903, Pt. 3, 1905, p. 969. 10. GNATHOPHAUSIA ZOEA SARSI ( Wood-Mason). Gnathophausia sarsi Woop-Mason, Ann. Nat. Hist. (6), VII, 1891, p. 187.—Orr- MANN, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm. for 1903, Pt. 3, 1905, p. 969. The following are the characters of the species: Carapace with keels and spines of the type of the second group: upper lateral keel present; lower lateral keel curved up behind; dorsal keel continuous. Rostrum, according to age, longer or shorter. Dorsal spine long in the young; shorter in the old. Supraocular and anten- nal spines well developed; branchiostegal spine absent, and branchio- stegal lobe rounded. No postero-inferior spines, but postero-inferior angle of carapace rounded off or (in the variety) rectangular, forming a narrow laminar expansion behind the marginal rim, which also curves upward. The carapace is not suddenly constricted in the anterior part. Antennal scale of the type of the second group: large, spine of outer margin projecting slightly beyond the terminal lobe of lamellar part in the young, slightly shorter than the latter in the old. Outer mar- gin of spine slightly serrated in the young, smooth in the old. Abdomen of the type of the second group: the five anterior seg- ments dorsally indistinctly keeled, and produced into small spines at No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEA NS—ORTMANN. 43 the posterior margin. Epimera of the five anterior segments, with the anterior lappet small, the posterior produced and acutely pointed. There is, on each segment, an indistinct subdorsal keel on each side. Epimera of sixth abdominal segment of the type of the second group, formed by only one triangular, acute lappet on each side of the ante- rior section of the segment, and not forming a ventral plate. The only difference of the variety savs? from the typical form is found in the shape of the lamellar expansion of the postero-inferior angle of the carapace: in the typical form, this expansion is rounded off, while in the variety it is rectangular. It is possible that the latter character is only restricted to the young, and that it generally disap- > pears with advancing age, but then it would disappear at different stages in different individuals, in the average, when they are about half grown (see below). ; The identity of G. zoéa and G. willemoes’.—l have devoted much time to the study of the differential characters of these two species, as determined by Sars (1885), and have the following to say with ref- erence to them: In Sars’s synopsis of the species (p. 29), the length of the postero- dorsal spine is paramount: it is ‘‘ greatly produced” in G. zoéa, and ‘*comparatively short” in G. wellemoesi. The differences between the species, taken from Sars’s diagnosis and description (pp. 38 and 44) are the following: 1. The length of the postero-dorsal spine just mentioned: in G. zoéa this spine reaches sometimes beyond the fourth abdominal segment, while in G. wil/emoes? it 1s only slightly longer than the first abdomi- nal segment. 2. The posterior margin of the carapace, and the margins of the postero-dorsal spine are ‘‘coarsely denticulate” in G. zoéa, and ‘decidedly glabrous” in G. w7llemoes. 3. The rostrum is very elongate (even exceeding the carapace with- out posterior spine), and strongly denticulate in G. zova,; it is shorter than the carapace, and provided with small, comparatively few, den- ticles in G. willemoesi. 4. The spine of the antennal scale projects somewhat beyond the terminal lobe of the lamellar part, and is slightly denticulate at the outer edge, in G. zoéa; it is a little shorter than the terminal lobe, and not denticulate, in G. wellemoesi. Discussing these four points in detail: 1. Sars seems to lay much stress upon this character. I have shown, howeyer, in several of the foregoing species, that the relative length of the spines of the carapace changes withage, being generally longer in young individuals. As regards the present case, G. zoéa 1s founded upon specimens much younger than those of G. w7/lemoes?. More- over, | have extracted embryos from the marsupial pouch of a large 44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXXI. specimen (from Station No, 2723, about 105 mm. long), which undoubt- edly belongs to G. willemoesi according to Sars’s conception, and these young ones (Plate II, fig. 27) have the postero-dorsal spine well devel- oped, and comparatively much longer than any specimens eyer described, extending to about the middle of the telson. Thus the leneth of the postero-dorsal spine depends without question on the age of the individual. 2. The denticulations or serrations of the posterior margin of the carapace, the postero-dorsal spine, the spines of anterior margin of carapace, and of the rostrum are generally in this genus more distinet in younger individuals than in older ones. I have called attention to this above (under G@. calcarata). In the present case the large indi- vidual from Station No. 2723, which is surely G. willemoes7, has the margin of the carapace not ‘‘ decidedly glabrous,” as Sars states, but there are a number of fine denticulations, less distinct than in young individuals, but easily seen. Faxon (1895) says that in G. willemoesi there are denticulations along the margin of the dorsal spine. Thus this character does not hold. 3. That the relative length of the rostrum, like that of the spines of the carapace, changes with age is now well established. In the young specimens extracted from the pouch of the mother, the rostrum is decidedly longer than the carapace (Plate LI, fig. 2a). If the rostrum becomes shorter with age it is not astonishing that the denticulations become less pronounced, and this is entirely in keeping with what I have shown in the second character. Thus the length of the rostrum does not possess any systematic value. 4. The fourth character needs special attention, but I think I am able to prove that it also is influenced by age. In young specimens the spine of the outer margin of the antennal scale is longer than the terminal lobe, and it is slightly serrated on the outer edge. With increasing age it becomes slightly shorter than the terminal lobe, and the serrations disappear. The following may be said in support of this view: a. The specimens representing the original G. zoéa are small or of medium size (not longer than 70 mm.), while the specimens upon which (7. willemoesi was founded are very large, one measuring 136 mm., and the other being ‘‘somewhat smaller;” that is to say, they were about double the size of G. zoéa. b. A large specimen (Station No. 2723) is about 105 mm. long, and has the antennal scale of G. willemoes/; another (Station No. 4306) is 88 mm. long, and has the antennal scale intermediate between G. 2oca and willemoesi; the spine is about as long as the lamellar portion on the left side and very slightly longer than the latter on the right side, and it has on the outer margin very indistinct indications of ser- rations, visible only under the microscope. Zhe latter specimen ts nie i NO. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. 45 also intermediate with regard to the characters 1,2, and 3. Younger individuals among the material examined by the writer possess invari- ably the antennal scale of G. zoéa, but it must be added that the ser- rations of the outer margin are very fine. I can not see them with the naked eye, and an ordinary magnifying lens scarcely shows traces of them, but stronger instruments reveal them distinctly as sharp points for quite a distance along the margin of the spine. c. Young specimens extracted from the marsupium of a typical G. willemoest have an antennal scale, which, in shape, is that of G. zoca, the marginal spine being longer than the lamellar portion. However, I could not ascertain the presence of serrations on the margin. Under the microscope, there is a kind of undulation of the margin, but no sharp, spiniform teeth. But this is not astonishing, since it is in keeping with the fact, that the serrations or denticu- lations of rostrum and postero-dorsal spine are not present in these embryonic individuals, while they are well developed in young specimens after they have left the marsupium. d. Similar changes in the length of the spine of the antennal scale, due to age, have been found in another species, G. long/spina. Thus, I think, the assumption well supported, that the characters given for G. zoéa are only such as are due to the immaturity of the specimens, and that those assigned to G. w7l/emoesi belong to the older stages of the same species. The name of @. zoéa has the priority over G. willemoesi. G. sarsi.—For G. sars/, the following differences from G. e7llemoest “are given by Wood-Mason“. 1. The dorsal spine reaches to the posterior end of the third abdom- inal segment. 2. ‘*Extreme edge (of carapace) expanded at the postero-inferior angle into a conspicuous rectangular lamina, into which neither its lower lateral keel nor its raised rim enters.” 3. Upper half of the posterior margin of the carapace on each side and the lateral edges of the dorsal spine are minutely denticulated. 4. Five anterior abdominal segments with two subdorsal keels. 5. The telson is tricarinate, having a fine median carina, and ** appears to be more produced at the tip than in any other species.” The following remarks are to be made: 1. As I have already shown, the length of the dorsal spine can be disregarded; in the present case, the length agrees well with the size of Wood-Mason’s specimen; in the typical G. zoéa, not longer than 70 mm., it reaches beyond the fourth abdominal segment or falls short of it; in G. sars? (75 mm.) it reaches to the end of the third segment; in one of our specimens, 88 mm. long, it reaches to the middle of the third segment; in another, about 105 mm. long, to the middle of the a@Ann, Nat. Hist. (6), VII, 1891, p. 187. 46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. second; and in the type of G. w7/lemoes7, 186 mm. long, slightly beyond the first segment. In the larva before leaving the marsupium, as has been said, it reaches to the middle of the telson, and thus the length of this spine entirely depends upon age. 2. The second is the most important character of G. sarsi, and I find it in all the younger individuals at hand. The lower lateral keel, and also the marginal keel or rim, curve upward near the postero- inferior angle of the carapace; but the actual margin of the carapace extends behind the point, where the marginal rim begins to curve up, and runs for a short distance straight back; then it forms a right angle, extending toward the dorsal spine. Thus there is, behind the marginal rim, a ‘Srectangular lamina” as described by Wood-Mason. Sars does not mention such astructure, neither in G. 27//emoes7 nor in G. zoéa, he only says that the lower lateral keel curves upward before reaching the postero-inferior corner, and that the latter, in G. widle- moes?, is evenly rounded off. He does not mention the fact, that the marginal rim curves upward before reaching the posterior margin, and that there is a ‘‘ lamina” behind the marginal rim. Such alamina, however, is distinctly seen in Sars’s figures of G. wé/lemoesi and zoéa (Plate V, fig. 1, and Plate VI, fig. 6). This is the more important, and clearly establishes the presence of this lamina in Sars’s specimens, although he did not pay much attention to this feature, he gave a fair representation of it in the figures. The lamina, however, in both cases, is not rectangular, but evenly rounded off. Looking at the specimens at hand, I find that the largest, a typical willemoesi, represents this character as described and figured by Sars, only the lamina is somewhat wider than in his figure; but it is evenly rounded off. Exactly the same condition obtains in our second largest individual, 88mm. long. From the Hawaiian Islands I have mentioned two specimens of G. w7llemoesz, which [ identified chiefly according to this character, which measure 73 and 52 mm. The largest individual observed by myself among the Hawaiian material, possessed a rectan- gular lamina, and consequently was recorded under G. sarsz. It measured 62 mm. The smallest measured 384 mm. Considering that Wood-Mason’s G. sas? was 75 mm. long, and that Sars’s specimens of G. zoéa, which have apparently a rounded lamina, were 70 mm. and less, the conclusion is reached that all specimens hitherto observed that are over 75 mm. long, have this character developed according to the willemoesé type; all specimens smaller than 52 mm. have it corresponding to the sars? type; specimens between 52 and 75 mm. may possess either a rectangular or a rounded lamina. But it can not be said positively that this character is due only to age. It may be that the rectangular lamina becomes rounded with advancing age, and that this transition takes place at a different period in different individuals, in the average, when they are about half grown No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. Av (50 to 70 mm.). But IT am 1 not quite sure of it, ae SO I prefer, for the present, to regard G. sarsi as a variety of G. zoéu (= wille ete It should be mentioned that Faxon” thinks that G. sars/ is ‘Sa form probably not specifically distinct from G. w7/lemoes?.” The young specimens extracted from the pouch of the old female show a distinct angle or point behind on each side of the carapace, but as the carapace is rather shapeless, being represented by a kind of a bag filled partly with oily or fatty substance (yolk), it is impossible to correlate these two small points with the infero-posterior corners of the carapace, although this correlation is very probable. 3. Ihave shown that the denticulation of the posterior margin of the carapace and of the dorsal spine does not constitute a specific character. 4, The subdorsal keels of the abdomen, mentioned by Wood-Mason, are present in all specimens at hand. They are formed by rather faint, blunt elevations, and I should not call them keels. They are easily overlooked, especially in poorly preserved material. Die A third, fine median keel of the telson is distinctly seen in Sars’s illustration of the telson of (. w7//emoesi (Plate V, fig. 6), and is present in all specimens examined by myself. On closer examination I find that this median keel is rather a fine double keel. Wood-Mason’s sentence that the telson ‘‘appears to be more pro- duced at the tip than in any other species” is, as I have already remarked in the report on the Hawaiian Schizopods, unintelligible to me. I do not see any difference from other species in the shape of the telson. Localities represented in the U. S. National Museum. FROM U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES STEAMER A/dhatross STATIONS. GNATHOPHAUSIA ZOHA, —* OO Or 2723—1 female (gravid). Between Nantucket and Cape Charles, 1,¢ fathoms. 4306—1 male. Off San Diego, California, 207-497 fathoms. GNATHOPHAUSIA ZOEA SARSI, 2851—1 young. Between Havana and Yucatan; 426 fathoms. Previous records, Typical form, as G. zoca: West of Azores, 1,000 fathoms (Sars); Tropical Atlantic, 1° 47’ North, 24° 23’ West, 1,850 fathoms (Sars); off Brazil, 770 fathoms (Sars); Pacific, north of Kermadee Island, 600 fathoms (S a off Gal: spaces [ets 384 and 581 fathoms (Faxon): «Mem. Neue cone Fool XVIII, 1895, 1 p. 215. 48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Bay of Biscay, 800-1,200 meters (A. Milne-Edwards and Caullery); west coast of Ireland, 382-600 fathoms (Holt and Tattersall); Azores, 1.000 meters (Hansen); near Maldive Islands, 430 fathoms (Alcock and Anderson). Typical form, as G. willemoesi: Banda Sea, 1,425 fathoms (Sars); Gulf of Panama, 1,270 fathoms (Faxon); off Acapulco, 493-664 fathoms (Faxon); Tres Marias Islands, 680 fathoms (Faxon); Hawaiian Islands, Molokai and Hawaii, 552-809 fathoms (Ortmann). G. zoca sarsi: Bay of Bengal, 840 fathoms (Wood- Mason); Hawaiian Islands, vicinity of Kauaiand Modu Manu, 293-800 fathoms (Ortmann). THE LARVAL FORM OF GNATHOPHAUSIA ZOEA. As previously mentioned, among the material is a large female of this species, representing Sars’s form (. w7/lemoes?, which has the mar- supial pouch fully developed and filled with larvee. Since larval stages of this genus have never been described, indeed, since nothing is known about the development, with the exception that on account of the presence of a marsupial pouch and in analogy to Lophogaster it is presumed that the development of the young form probably reaches a very advanced stage before it leaves the mother, it is advisable to give here a more detailed account of these young specimens. The number of the young is 21, a remarkably small number, but agreeing well with what we know about the number of the progeny of deep-sea animals. They are all uniformly developed and represent a very advanced stage, in fact, they are no longer embryos, but have left the egg completely. Probably they were about ready to leave the pouch of the mother, as all parts of the body had attained, in a general way, the condition found in the free swimming form. Within the pouch the young Gnathophausiz are so arranged that they lie firmly packed together, the head of each directed toward the posterior end and the sternum of the mother, and the tail toward the anterior end of the mother, each overlapping in part the individual in front of it. That is to say, the heads are directed toward the bases, the tails toward the tips of the marsupial lamellae. The dorsal face of the larvee is concave, the ventral face convex, corresponding to the curvature of the lamelle, since the back is turned toward the sternum of the mother, the ventral side toward the enveloping lamelle. In each of the young ones (see Plate II, fig. 27) the body is distinctly divided into an anterior (thoracic) and posterior part, which forms a distinctly and completely segmented abdomen. The carapace is rep- resented by a bag-like excrescence, which is provided with distinct and long rostral and postero-dorsal spines. It is filled with the rem- nant of the yolk. Its keels are very indistinct, but there is a small point posteriorly on each side, possibly representing the postero-infe- rior corners of the carapace. The dorsal spine is long and closely No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. 49 appressed to the back of the abdomen, and reaches as far as the middle of the telson. The rostrum is very long, longer than the carapace. It is bent down and appressed toward the ventral side, and directed back- ward. Neither rostrum nor dorsal spine show any serrations. All appendages, except the eyes, are closely appressed to the ven- tral face of the body and are directed backward. In my figure they are not drawn in the natural position, but are slightly spread out and removed from the ventral side in order to show them more distinctly. The eyes are well developed and of yellowish color. All other appendages resemble more or less those of the adult form, with the general exception that the hairs and bristles are absent or less devel- oped and with the following special exceptions (compare Sars’s Plate VIII): The marginal spine of the antennal scale is longer than the laminar part and has no serrations on the outer margin. The second maxilla possesses an additional joint at the end of the distal portion of the endognath (called ‘‘ palp” by Sars, see his fig. 7° on Plate VIII). This joint is very small, only about one-fifth as long as the preceding joint (the terminal one in the adult) and less than half as wide. (In the adult it seems to be fused with the penultimate joint, as is indicated by the shape of this joint in Sars’s figure.) The ‘* pig- mented basal protuberance” (or luminous organ) is indicated in the larva. The maxilliped resembles Sars’s figure (Plate VITI, fig. 8) and also has no exopodite, as is characteristic of the second group of the genus (excepting G. gracilis), but it is more slender, the third of the five free joints being not enlarged and about half as wide as in the adult G. longispina. The gills are vestigial and less complex than in the adults. The tip of the telson has not yet assumed the shape of the adult form (see Plate LI, fig. 24). It is not terminated by two strongly-curved spines forming an ‘‘almost semilunar” projection, but is terminated by a cordiform or, rather, reniform plate, which carries on each side a larger and a smaller spine and is finely denticulate at the posterior border. The marginal spines of the telson are more uniform than in the adult form, only a few smaller spines being found between the larger ones. It appears that these larvee come very near to the adult form, only the carapace remaining what might be called ‘‘embryonal” in shape. From the presence of a marsupial pouch it was to be expected that the young reach a high stage of development before being set free and dismissed from the mother’s protection. As it happens this has been fully confirmed by the present study, the young contained in the pouch of the mother having passed completely through all embry- Proc. N. M. vol. xxxi—06——4 5O PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. onal stages, and through almost all larval stages; they seem to be ready to leave the marsupiam, for it is clear that they need only to stretch out their appendages in order to be able to use them for free swimming. 11. GNATHOPHAUSIA SCAPULARIS, new species. Plate II, fig. 3a—8e. Type and cotype.—U. S. National Museum, 2 males, U. 5. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross, Station No. 2992, Revillagigedo Islands, Lower California; 460 fathoms. Cat. No. 32327. Near G. zoéa, but easily recognized by the anterior constriction of the carapace and the greatly expanded branchiostegal lobes. Shape of body rather stout. Carapace covering almost completely the first abdominal segment. Postero-dorsal spine indistinctly denticu- late toward posterior margin of carapace, rather short, projecting to about the middle of the second abdominal segment. Rostrum short, much shorter than carapace, denticulate. Supraocular spines strong. Antennal spines small, but distinct. Branchiostegal spines wanting. All keels of carapace well developed. Median keel uninterrupted. Upper lateral keels strong, curved, including a lanceolate, almost plane upper face of the carapace, widest anteriorly. Anterior ends of upper lateral keels strongly curved downard. In front of the anterior ends of these keels the carapace is suddenly constricted and depressed, thus forming a very marked shoulder on each side. This constriction affects greatly the course of the lower lateral keels, which suddenly begin to converge at a point just above the branchiostegal lobes. Above this point and below the anterior end of the upper lateral keel there is an almost pit-like depression, which sends a slight groove upward, toward the median keel. For the rest, the lower lateral keel is similar to that of G. zoéa, curving up behind toward the postero- dorsal spine. It projects, however, in its whole length, considerably beyond the keel of the lower margin of the carapace. Thus the whole ‘arapace becomes rather prismatic, almost hexangular, the upper face being flat, but interrupted by the dorsal keel, and the lower surface being wanting (between the two lower margins); compare the cross section of the carapace, Plate II, fig. 3c. Branchiostegal lobes rounded, vault-shaped, and greatly expanded, rendering the carapace at this point as wide as in the middle, in spite of the great constriction above the branchiostegal lobes. Abdomen very similar to that of @. zoéa, practically identical with it. Five anterior segments slightly keeled dorsally, with a small, posteri- orly projecting spine at the hind margin. On each side a blunt sub- dorsal keel. Kpimera with the anterior lappet small and rounded or slightly angular; the posterior lappet produced into a sharp spine. No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS—ORTMANN. 51 There is a small spine at the base of the basal joint of the pleopods (as in @. zoéa). Only one epimeral spine on each side of anterior section of sixth abdominal segment. All other parts are similar to the corresponding parts of G. zoéu, but the antennal scale has the marginal spine considerably shorter than the terminal lobe, without serrations on the outer edge. This very remarkable species is so closely allied to G. zoéa that I should have taken the peculiar conformation of the carapace, caused by the constriction of its anterior part, for a monstrosity, were it not for the fact that two individuals are at hand. The comparatively short spine of the antennal scale possibly constitutes another specific char- acter; in specimens of (. zoéa of the same size it is longer than the terminal lobe. Both specimens are apparently males, since no traces of marsupial lamelle are visible, and the coxopodite of the last pair of thoracic legs has, posteriorly, a small tubercle, which undoubtedly represents the male orifice. Measurements of the types. —Total length of larger individual, 75mm. ; length from tip of rostrum to tip of posterior spine of carapace, 46 mm. ‘Total length ef smaller individual, about 70 mm., but exact fig- ures can not be given, since the rostrum is broken off near the base. 12, GNATHOPHAUSIA AFFINIS G. O. Sars. Gnathophausia affinis G. O. Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christiania, 1883, no. 7; Rep. Challenger, XIII, 1885, p. 41, pl. v, figs. 7-10. I have never seen this species. It is very closely allied to G. zoéa, and differs only in the following points: 1. Supraocular and antennal spines smaller, the latter almost obso- lete. Branchiostegal lobe slightly angular, but having no spine. 2. Abdominal segments not keeled above, and possessing no dorsal projections or spines on the hind margin. 3. Posterior lappet of the epimera of the five anterior abdominal segments rounded, not spiniform. Distribution: Only one specimen, a female, of this species is known up to the present time, the one taken by the Challenger in the tropi- cal Atlantic Ocean, midway between Africa and Brazil (latitude 1° 22' north, longitude 23° 36’ west), in 1,500 fathoms. It measured 81 mm. 13. GNATHOPHAUSIA ELEGANS G. O. Sars. Gnathophausia elegans G. O. Sars, Rep. Challenger, XIII, 1885, p. 42, pl. v1, figs. 1-5. Carapace with keels and spines of the type of the second group, but upper lateral keel absent. Lower lateral keel curving up behind and much farther distant from the marginal rim than in G. zoéa. Dorsal w 5Q PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI, keel continuous. Rostrum and dorsal spine comparatively long. Supraocular spine well developed. Antennal spine very small, almost obsolete. Branchiostegal lobe rounded or angular, but without spine. No postero-inferior spines. Marginal rim following closely the mar- gin and leaving no Jaminar expansion at the postero-inferior corner, Carapace not constricted in anterior part. Antennal scale of the-type of the second group and very similar to that of the young (. zoéa, it is large, and the spine on the outer mar- gin is slightly longer than the laminar portion. The outer edge with very minute serrations in young specimens, smooth in older ones. Abdomen of the type of the second group, at least in the young, but the five anterior segments without median keel, although with short, flattened, spiniform projections at posterior dorsal margin. In older individuals these dorsal projections are wanting. Epimera of all abdominal segments similar to those of G. zoéa. The young specimen at hand differs from Sars’s original description in the following particulars: 1. The carapace completely covers the trunk. 2. The rostrum and the postero-dorsal spine are longer. 3. Branchiostegal lobe not rounded, but angular. 4. Five anterior abdominal segments with flattened median posterior projection. 5. Spine of antennal scale finely serrated on outer margin. The first, second, and fifth characters are of no consequence, since similar variations are found in other species, and are plainly due to state of preservation or to age. Our specimen is young, +8 mm. long, while Sars’s was 56 mm. The angular (triangular) shape of the branchiostegal lobe (third character) differs markedly from what is seen in Sars’s species, and the presence of flattened spines on the posterior margins of the abdom- inal segments (fourth character) might also be of importance. Since the present specimen is only the second individual of this species ever reported, | am not prepared to say whether these two characters are of specific or varietal value, or whether they simply constitute addi- tional variations of age. Further material is necessary to decide this question. Locality.—U. 8. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross Station No. 3697, 1 young; off Honshu Island, Japan; 265 to 120 fathoms. Previous record.—South of Fiji Islands, 610 fathoms (Sars). No. 1480. SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEA NS—ORTMANN. 53 Family EUCOPIIDZ G. O. Sars. 14. EUCOPIA AUSTRALIS Dana. Eucopia australis Dana, U.S. Expl. Exp. Crust., 1852, p. 609, pl. xu, fig. 10.— Hansen, Bull. Mus. Monaco, XLII, 1905, p. 6. The species of this genus have been largely confounded, as has been’ pointed out by Hansen. The following specimens all agree with 2. aus- tralis Dana, as reidentified by that author. All my specimens are in poor state of preservation, but the eyes are present in all of them. The distribution of this form can not be made out satisfactorily until the older material has been reexamined. It is known from the Antarctic Ocean (Dana, Hansen), and the present localities are of interest, since they extend the range into the northern Pacific and tropical Atlantic oceans. Localities represented in the U. S. National Museum. FROM U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES STEAMER A/batross STATIONS. 2751.—1 young. Lesser Antilles, latitude 16° 54’ north; longitude 63° 12’ west; 687 fathoms. 3308.—6 specimens (3 female, 3 young). Bering Sea, latitude 56° 12’ north; longitude 172° 07’ west; 1,625 fathoms. 3604.—1 male. Bering Sea, latitude 54° 54’ north; longitude 168° 59’ west; 1,401 fathoms. 3696.—1 young. Off Honshu Island, Japan; 501 to 749 fathoms. 3783.—1 female. Off Kamchatka; 1,567 fathoms. 4397.—1 young. Off Santa Catalina Islands, California; 2,196 to 2,228 fathoms. 4403.—2 females, 1 young. Off San Clemente Island, California; 505 to 599 fathoms. 15. EUCOPIA UNGUICULATA Willemoes-Suhm. Eucopia unguiculata Hansen, Bull. Mus. Monaco, XLII, 1905, p. 3. A single individual, female, about 30 mm. lone, belongs to this species. It is rather well preserved, and the characters pointed out by Hansen for this species are present. Locality.—The U.S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer A/batross Station No. 4383, 1 female. Off North Coronado Island, California; 287 to 395 fathoms. Found previously in the Atlantic Ocean and East Indian Archipelago (Hansen). ig. la. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXX1, g. la. ig. 1b. Panis OO: 2¢@ es . 2e. sae EXPLANATION OF FIGURES. Pruate I. Lophogaster spinosus, new species. Type from U. 8. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross Station No. 2666. View from above, 2/1. The same. Lateral view of carapace, 2/1. : Gnathophausia calcarata Sars. Epimeral plate of sixth abdominal segment of a specimen, 42 mm. long, from Station No. 3627, about 4/1. The same, of a specimen, 55 mm. long, from Station No. 2980, about 4/1. The same, of a specimen, 68 mm. long, from Station No. 2929, about 4/1. The same, of a specimen, 81 mm. long, from Station No. 2919, about 3/1. The same, of a specimen, 91 mm. long, from Station No. 4889, about 3/1. The same, of a specimen, 115 mm. long, from Station No. 3670, about 3/1. Pruate IT. Gnathophausia gigas Suhm. Epimeral plate of sixth abdominal segment of a specimen, 56 mm. long, from Station No. 3329, about 4/1. . The same, of a specimen, about 90 mm. long, from Station No. 2741, about 3/1. Gnathophausia zoéa Subm. Larva, extracted from marsupium of mother, from Station No. 2723. Side view, about 3/1. . The same, end of telson, greatly enlarged. 3a. Gnathophausia scapularis, new species. Type, from Station No. 2992. Lateral view of body, natural size. . The same. Upper view of carapace. . The same. Diagrammatic cross section of carapace at the level of the line A-B in fig. 3b. | U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXX! PL. I 24 2¢ 2b 2d 1b 2e 2fF SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 54, U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXI PL. II la 3e 1b SCHIZOPOD CRUSTACEANS. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 54, ee ane © gory : ‘ ; } ce . 4 ; iF : ‘ , ’ tie cote lls > — ccd sm Oe Wied ae “SANWIST VIVWIHVY AHL AO NOILVOOT DSNIMOHS AVIV > ?i Olt 601 (8DL ' pL Vieacs VENGWANG, Sz 61 ee ee Ss of Ss Ss {@ 62 of ip SL ental is viviwiuv a f ; Zé o|~ 4 Se a B 3 02 Siler: rai a 3 Ss ° ao © oe o Uv a ez 4¢ Sins: 2 So Poti z Zz x wes6uay are zh €% 4 ON ° Ninyas oO el mes 92) Zt qa a VIVWidvy 9 g NGNYON3SW O1Nd as 91 2 61 Cline 6 Sh Gl ob +t 91 02 Oo 3 SS vias 7 Mt tl 61 2 dI3XNI L Ss $ 2 ° g's S © VONIT J ¥ g me <0} ZF) 601 81 AR 901 Sot ott MAMMALS COLLECTED BY DR. W. L. ABBOTT IN THE KARIMATA ISLANDS, DUTCH EAST INDIES. By Gerrit 8S. MitiEr, ZJr., Assistant Curator, Division of Mammals. The Karimata Islands lie at the northern extremity of Karimata Strait, the wide, reef-beset passage separating the west coast of Borneo from the large island of Billiton. They are about 30 miles southwest of Pulo Maya, on the Bornean coast, and twice this distance northeast of Billiton. On both sides the surrounding water reaches a depth of about 20 fathoms. Karimata, the principal island of the group, is 10 miles across from northeast to southwest, and is nearly as broad along its north coast. In its interior the surface rises to 8,500 feet, while a hill half this height occupies the southwestern region. Pulo Serutu is about a mile wide, and extends in an east and west direction about 7 miles. Though its eastern extremity is only 4 miles from the southwest point of Karimata, Serutu is sepa- rated from the larger island by a strait 22 fathoms deep. It is high, rocky, and densely forested, except in some places, where the surface is mostly bare or covered with scrub. In the interior’the land reaches an elevation of 1,600 feet. In addition to these two principal islands there are half a dozen islets lying off the northwest extremity of Kari- mata. The group was visited by Dr. W. L. Abbott during August 16 to September 5, 1904. His collection of mammals, made exclusively on Serutu (August 16 to 19) and Karimata (August 20 to September 5), has been presented to the United States National Museum. — It contains 17 species (12 from Karimata only, 3 from Seratu only, and 2 from both islands), 9 of which are new. SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. Family TRAGULID 2. TRAGULUS CARIMAT2, new species. Type.—Y oung adult female (skin and skull), No. 125062, United States National Museum. Collected at Telok Pai, Karimata Island, August 25, 1904, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 3651. PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL Museum, VOL. XXXI—No. 1481. 4 5d 56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XI, Characters.—Externally like Tragulus kanchil. Skull slightly larger and broader than in the Sumatran animal and teeth noticeably heavier. Color.—The color so closely resembles that of the Sumatran 7ragu- lus kanchil that I can detect no constant differences between the two animals. Among the specimens of 7: carimatx, however, occur the individuals with the underparts most strongly suffused with buffy and with the most heavily marked nape stripe. Skull and teeth.—Vhe skull does not diifer very noticeably from that of Zragulus kanchil, except that the specimens average somewhat larger and broader, as may be readily seen on comparing series. The differences in the size of the teeth of the two animals are shown in the following table: 4 Measurements of Tragulus kanchil and Tragulus carimate. | Maxil. | “Vaee | ee Name and locality. Cat. No. | Sex. lary tooth dinieter aati Ce of m2, row. | TAPANULI BAY, SUMATRA. | mm. mm. mm. UP AOUUS RANE eae ae cea reo 114119 | Male adult ....-.. 31.8 6.4 36.0 D OMS ego aae ee ae oe eee see PT41205| Sa see GO eee ose | 33.0 6.6 37.0 IDO eee as ae OS ee eee iAoGa eee Or ase eee 31.4 6.2 35.6 DO ees See eae ee eae eae TA eee doses 33.0 6.2 36.6 DO eo cese Settee ecient tas eens te ere 114121 | Female adult....- 32.0 6.0 34.6 DO! ered oe eee ne eee eee P14192 We ne OSs eee pe ere 33.4 6.0 36. 2 TDD Reo ae ca ee oy ee ee PLATO SE eee Osseo 31.0 6.0 39.0 DO sss cesar ae A ee eee TAA Taare GO eekiae scee eee | 3.8 6.2 37.4 Done Rise en ae TORO ee = GOs eee eee | 32.0 5.8 36.0 KARIMATA ISLAND | | Tragulus carimate 125054 | Male adult ....... 35.0 6.6 39.6 Do 125066))=05-< dos Sees 35.6 6.4 39.0 Do 125069) | o2-< 2) GOA aceeee ee 34.8 6.0 38.0 Do 125055. | Female adult-.-.. 35.0 7.0 39.0 Do lp #1250068 )22 27 Ones 36.8 6.8 39.4 Do. | 4125062 |....- Ol) nenccoateess 36.0 7.0 40.0 Do 125068 eee oKo eee ee ee | 34.0 6.6 38.0 Do 125065 eee GOk Sse esas 35.0 6.8 39.0 = = oe _ — — = ou = aType. Measurements.—For external measurements see table. Skull of type: Greatest length, 101.6 mm. (94.6); condylobasal length, 95.6 (88); basal length, 88.6 (82); palatal length, 62.6 (56.8); diastema, 11 (10.4); length of nasals, 28.4 (27.8); greatest breadth of both nasals together, 14.4 (12); zygomatic breadth, 42.4 (41.8); least interorbital breadth, 26.8 (27.6); mandible, 78 (73). Specimens examined.—Sixteen, all from the type locality. “The specimens measured are all adults, with teeth not much worn. ’ Measurements in parentheses are are those of an adult female Tragulus kanchil (No. 114421) from Tapanuli Bay, Sumatra. No. 1481. MAMMALS FROM KARIMATA ISLANDS—MILLER. 5 “I Measurements of Tragulus carimate. Head Met . Hind foot Name and locality. Cat. No. Sex. and Tail Hind | without | Weig body. vertebrie.| foot. hoofs. Sone | aa al : ic, >a ear al —_= KARIMATA ISLAND. | | mm. | mm. mm. mm. kg. Tragulus carimate ....----- 125054 | Male ....... 475 75 125 | DT ees a WOR a 22 eee noe ese sees 125060 |... .- Goyassas= 447 | 65 118 104 | 1.8 DORE Sonor meena ec Se ie Pal 25061 |e -a- Gores 467 | 60 123 LN Pecan) LNG eget Ae et Se ars 125066) jee o2 Gone: 458 | 70 118 | 108 2.0 DOs ee eet ee ye ie 12506 Taleo dOeceee 464 | 70 122 | 112 2.9 DORA sao ace sees esis L25068%) 2 ghse GOR eee 450 70 120 108 2.0 1DO).s saxo GES EO BEE eBoOeee | 125069 |...-- dose cite 450 | 85 122 112 | DS WON SE APs Seo Soe ns 125055 | Female-..... 495 75 128 117 2.6 WO wie ev escooe kote 125056) ): =. << GOe sees 495 | 85 126 117 ae Pig eee eet ae. 125057 |....- adobe: 480 | 70 123 TON eevee DOs cece assess, lee ZbODS« |e as. dosea 470 | 65 116 OSH Sas cis es Gee ee eet ae a8 ON ea d250n9 WIS sodas 52 450 | 70 120 ROCs eee aes DORD Es nse ne oe she Ss Ale | #125062 |-...- Ormco ss 485 | 75 130 119 250 IDOE emi oosscsecuanssae | 125063 |.-..- dorearne 455 7) 120 106 | 253 DOSS ot osuitee Eo eiites 125064 |....- dome =- 463 70 117 108 253 DOF ee acse oan n fostes| ee 20065 | Sea dots: 455 65 123 110 2.0 aType. : “We Family SCIURID. e sCIURUS CARIMATA,, new species. Type.—Adult male (skin and skull) No. 125076 United States National Museum. Collected at Telok Pai, Karimata Island, August 27, 1904, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 3662. Characters.—A member of the Sciurus prevostii group resembling Sciurus mimellus of the Tambelan Islands, but with size not as much reduced, and with tail distinctly shortened. Color.—Upper parts from muzzle to and including entire tail clear black. Cheeks and sides of neck a grizzled slaty gray, dark enough to threw into slight relief the whitish patch at base of whiskers and the speck on cheek. Lateral stripe buffy white, passing abruptly into light orange-buff, slightly grizzled with gray on shoulder. Dark lateral stripe black, not very well defined. Under parts, feet, inner surface of hind leg, and entire fore leg orange-rufous, fading into orange-buff on upper arm. Skull and teeth.—The skull and teeth resemble those of Scéurus mimellus, butare appreciably larger. The rostral portion of the skull in particular is much broadened. Measurements.—For external measurements see table, page 58. Skull of type: Upper length, 53 mm.; condylobasilar length, 46; basi- lar length, 48; palatilar length, 22; diastema, 12.2; zygomatic breadth, 32.8; interorbital constriction, 21; breadth of brain case above roots of zygomata, 22.8; mandible, 34; maxillary tooth row (alveoli), 9.8; man- dibular tooth row (alveoli), 9.4. Specimens examined.—Thirteen, all from Karimata Island. Remarks.—This is a well characterized local species. In color it closely resembles Scturus bangkanus, but in size it more nearly agrees with the geographically more distant 8. mzmellus. 58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. eee SCIURUS SERUTUS, new species. Type.—Adult male (skin and skull) No. 125025, United States National Museum. Collected on Pulo Serutu, Karimata Islands, August 17, 1904, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 3584. Characters. —A member of the Scturus vittatus group, closely resembling the small Se7wrus aords in color, but size about as usual in the larger species. Color.—The color so closely resembles that of Securus aoris” as to require no very detailed description. The upper parts are the same coarse grizzle of black and pale buff. The under parts are, however, somewhat brighter than in the related species, deepening to orange- buff posteriorly; cheeks rather strongly suffused with buff; lateral stripes rather short and wide, the dark stripe slightly washed with color of belly. Skull and teeth.—The skull resembles that of Sczwrus vittatus, but is rather longer and narrower. Teeth not as large as in the Sumatran animal. - Measurements.—F¥or external measurements see table, page 58. Skull of type: Upper length, 48.8; condylobasilar length, 42.6; basilar length, 39; palatilar length, 21; diastema, 11; zygomatic breadth, 28; inter- orbital constriction, 16.8; breadth of brain case above roots of zygo- mata, 21; mandible, 31; maxillary tooth row (alveoli), 9; mandibular tooth row (alveoli), 8. Specimens examined. —One, the type. Measurements of Sciurus carimate and Sciurus serutus. ‘ Hind Head Tail ae epee aNs Satie ‘ I ee Total EF Hind foot Name and locality. | Cat. No. Sex. length. aud, vente: Pants Sahat ees ore: claws. KARIMATA ISLAND. mm. mm. mm. mm. mm. 1258070), Neil aes eee 435 225 210 52.6 49.0 125, 073 |. REGO ae 432 220 212 52.0 48.0 125; 075) |snct COr seen 445 240 205 55.0 50. 0 eet 2 520761 eee Olea. 428 243 185 52.0 47.0 125A OM allee ed Omereaee 431 236 195 53.0 48.6 125 1088) So- eG Oea-cee= 450 237 213 55.0 52.0 L259 ee Olea 460 235 225 52.0 49.0 125-110) bese Oma 460 245 215 55. 4 51.4 125,071 | Female..... 440 240 200 51.0 47.0 2 1072s ean Ores 435 230 205 | 53.0 49.0 1250745223. dOmeascoas 425 230 195 51.0 47.0 2S ee Oa eee : 467 | 242 225° 54.0 50. 0 IOS |e Or cece 435 230 205 53. 0 49.0 LAH Sl Sheed Olea ceee 418 248 170 53.4 49.4 PULO SERUTU. Sciurus serutus........-.-.- a125,025 | Male adult. . 345 215 130 47.0 44.0 aType. “Miller, Smithsonian Miscell. Coll., XLV, p. 10, November 6, 1903. No. 1481. MAMMALS FROM KARIMATA ISLANDS—MILLER. ‘ or “7 SNe! Family MURID.®. MUS NEGLECTUS Jentink? Four skins from Pulo Serutu and three from Karimata represent a ‘species closely resembling the Bornean J/us neglectus Jentink. With- out material for direct comparison it is impossible to identify the Kari- mata form. For measurements, see table, page 60. MUS SERUTUS, new species. Type.—Adult male (skin and skull) No. 125032, United States National Museum. Collected on Pulu Serutu, Karimata Islands, August 17, 1904, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 3590. Characters.—A large, dark form of the Mus surifer group resem- bling JZ. lingensis, but color darker and skull with less broadened rostrum; size greater and color not as dark as in J/us pagensis. Color.—Ground color dull tawny, darkening slightly on hind legs, and fading on front legs nearly to ochraceous-buff. On back and sides this is nearly concealed by the bristles, which are dark brown at tip, ecru-drab through the greater part of their length. Nape, crown, and face tawny washed with dark brown. Cheeks ochraceous buff. Feet dull white, with no trace of the dark clouding present in J/us pagensis. Under parts pale cream-buff. Tail sharply bicolor, dark brown above, whitish below, and at tip. Skull and teeth.—The skull differs from that of J/ws /ingensis in the distinctly less broadened rostrum, in this respect resembling the skull of Mus surifer. Otherwise neither it nor the teeth show any special peculiarities. Measurements.—For external measurements see table, page 60. Skull of type: Upper length, 49 mm.; condylobasilar length, 41; basilar length, 38; palatilar length, 19.8; diastema, 12.6; breadth of rostrum midway between base of zygoma and tip of nasals, 7.2;¢ interorbital constriction, 7.6; breadth of braincase above roots of zygomata, 18; mandible, 26.6; maxillary tooth row (alveoli), 7.6; man- dibular tooth row (alveoli), 7. Specimens examined.—Twelve, all from Pulo Serutu. Remarks.—Although in a general way resembling the two other dark members of the group, this species is readily distinguishable from Mus lingensis by its slender rostrum and from Jus pagensis by its less darkened color and its clear white feet. In two of the skins there is a complete collar of dull ochraceous buff, and in three others there is some indication of a similar band. MUS CARIMATAZ, new species. Type.— Adult miale (skinand skull), No. 125079, United States National Museum. Collected at Telok Pai, Karimata Island, August 20, 1904, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 3612. aIn two skulls of Mus lingensis, female, No. 113040, with basilar length 37 mm., and male, No. 113048, with basilar length 38 mm., their breadth is 8 mm. and 8.4 mm., respectively. 60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Characters. —A small bright-colored member of the Jus surifer eroup,readily distinguishable from J/us serutus, but somewhat closely resembling Jus surifer of the Malay Peninsula. From this it differs in smaller size, relatively larger teeth, and shorter, wider incisive fora- mina. Color.—Ground color, between ochraceous and ochraceous-buff, becoming somewhat lighter on cheeks and front legs, slightly darker on hind legs. Back somewhat clouded by the blackish tips of the bristles, but sides almost clear. Under parts and feet buffy white. An ochraceous buff collar in the type, and two other skins. Skull and teeth.—TVhe skull and teeth resemble those of J/us surifer, but the average size of the skull is less and that of the teeth greater. Measurements.—For external measurements see table, page 60. Skull of type: Upper length, 43.6 mm.; condylobasilar length, 37; basilar length, 34; palatilar length, 17.8; diastema, 12: breadth of rostrum midway between zygoma and tip of nasals, 7; interorbital constriction, 7; breadth of braincase above roots of zygomata, 16; mandible, 24.4; maxillary tooth row (alveoli), 6.8; mandibular tooth row (alveoli), 6.2. Specimens examined.—Eleven, all from Karimata Island. _ Remarks.—Though strikingly different from its geographically nearest ally, J/us serutus, this species rather closely resembles the mainland member of the group. Measurements of Mus from the Karimata Islands. total | Head |reitver-| mind.| toot J we sala tx ‘ot N ares ota . ail ver- | inc 00 Name and locality. Cat. No. Sex. length. ee rele ie || avast | oper claws. i ie Ee ee ee een on a es a KARIMATA ISLAND. mm. | mm. mm. mm. | mm. Mus neglectus? ....-...-.- TOI Maley sas | 367 186 181 38 36.0 IDO RRS Sore eRe 125115 | Female.......| 379 | 184 195 37 35.0 PULO SERUTU. | | Mus sp. near rattus ....-- 1250260 Rema eceesass 384 198 186 39 36.8 OLA ee Ae Se ee eee 1250274 Maller ees see 398 | 198 200 40 | 37:8 DO aera ae Oe eae | 125028 | Female-..--.- 391 190 201 38 | 30.8 DOP2 Resse eee eee 1250298 | Sd Oe see ee 395 | 190 205 38 | 35.4 MALS RCTS eee nice tees 125030} Male -........ 432 | 231 | 201 46 43.6 DOr ore ee lee eee | al bOS 28 sae Oren eee 404 217 187 46 43.4 DOtwe speedo tee ace 125039. |... 377 198 179 | 45 | 42.4 Dose eee 125042 |...d 420 | 225 195 47 | 39.0 DOE Aah eee |} 125043 395 211 | 184 44 | 40.0 DOS o5 eee ce eeeee 125033 419 222 | 197 45 | 42.4 DOS 22a oe 125034 |. 388 209 179 43 40.0 Doster eee ' 125035 |...d 403 217 186 45 | 42.4 DO es Sa ad 125040 |... 3894 213 181 43 40.4 KARIMATA ISLAND. Mus carimatz ........-..--| @1.25079)| Malerieeceses 382 201 181 41 39.0 DOn sees 0 oe eee | WAN SB | RECOE oaceas se 380 197 183 43 40.2 Doss. see ee eee 195086) does eee 385 201 184 43 40.0 DO2.2 oe ace seen LOSTIGE| eas Orme ee 382 211 t71 43 40.4 Dots BRS cere Aan 2G TT: Nes Ont ae 391 202 189 44 41.6 DQ oa eacs eek acee eee 125078 | Female....... | 418 | 227 191 41 38. 6 DO Io seme ecn eee 125080 | Female,young) 358 191 167: || PPE SCe ALE Aeeas eee On Aiea Moe eras 125084 | Female..-..... 370 196 Sa casera erate otro et DO psec nase ere ee eee 1) 195085 || Sardines seme b 302 198 6104 40 | 37.6 aType. 6 Tail imperfect. No. 1481. MAMMALS FROM KARIMATA ISLANDS—MILLER. 61 Family VIVERRID ®. VIVERRA TANGALUNGA Gray. Three specimens from Karimata Island. They are not as dark as usual. The two adults measure as follows: Adult female, No. 125095, total length 935 mm.; head and body 610; tail 325; hind foot 108; weicht 3.17 kg. Adult female, No. 125118, tail 350 mm.; hind foot 105; weight 3.68 kg. The second specimen has two well-developed mammee, both ventral. Family TUPAIID. TUPAIA CARIMAT &, new species Type.—Adult male (skin and skull), No. 125123, United States National Museum. Collected on Karimata Island, September 2, 1904, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 3716. Characters.—Like Tupaia chrysomalla of the Anambas Islands, but general size less, skull shorter and relatively broader, and teeth much smaller. Color.—The color throughout agrees with that of Zupata chrysomal- la,“ though the back averages slightly darker and the ferruginous is perhaps faintly less bright. Skull and teeth.—TYhe skull is noticeably smaller than in 7upata chrysomalla, that of full-grown males being exceeded by that of females of the related species. The rostrum is considerably short- ened, giving an outline much like that in 7upata malaccana. Teeth like those of Zupata chrysomalla, except that they are smaller through- out, a difference particularly noticeable in the first and second upper molars. Measurements.—Skull of type: Greatest length, 46 mm. (51)’, con- dylobasal length, 42.2 (47.2); basal length, 39 (44. 6); ); palatal length, 23.4 (27.2); ie distance from orbit to tip of premaxillary, 18.8 (28); least distance from orbit to posterior point of occiput, 21 (21); dias- tema, 3.4 (4.4); width of rostrum at middle of diastema, 6.8 (6.4); width of palate including m2, 15 (15.8); zygomatic breadth, 24.6 (24.8); interorbital constriction, 13.2 (13.8); breadth of ern s 18.8 (18.4 mandible, 31 (84.4); maxillary toothrow, exclusive of incisors, 20.2 (24); mandibular toothrow, exclusive of incisors, 16.8 (19.6). @Miller, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., II, pp. 232-233, August 20, 1900. > Measurements in parenthesis are those of an adult male Tupaia chrysomalla from Pulo Jimaja, Anambas Islands (No. 101,743). 62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. “ VOL. XXXI. External measurements of Tupaia carimate. =] 7 ; Hind ality Cat. N Sox | Total ; Eee Tail ver- | Hind foot Locality. ree ee | length. | jody tebre. | foot. | without | | oe: claws. | | mm. | mm. | mm. | min. mm. Karimata Island: Telok | 125120 | Female adult... 320 | 175 | 145 | 40 37.0 Edar. | Doliken cee, cae Sees ADSI aeeee doteeeece | 320 175 | 145 43 40.0 DG ea as See ere Von l2 12/5 eeaere= G0.aee een |etas are cher elt Seamehc terre | ere tener aerate 40 37.0 Doser ar hele hispe sae: | 125123 | Male adult ....| 323 | 176 147 40 37.0 Karimatalsland: Telok | 125096 [nse GoOn esate 320 | 170 150 42 39.4 Pai. | DO} 22 => Setoew choses | 125097 | Female areal 305 | 165 | 140 40 37.4 | | aType. Family COLUGID &.¢ CYNOCEPHALUS,¢ species. A young female flying lemur was taken at Telok Edar, Karimata Island, September 38, 1904. While it evidently represents a small form it is too immature to be positively identified. Family VESPERTILIONID. PIPISTRELLUS, species. A single damaged immature specimen (female, No. 125156, U.S.N.M.) - taken at Telok Edar, Karimata Island, September 2, 1904, [am unable to determine satisfactorily. Its measurements are: Total length, 77mm. ; tail, 33; tibia, 12; foot, 66; forearm, 30.8; thumb, 5.4; second finger, 26; third finger, 57; fourth finger, 47; fifth finger, 42; ear from meatus, 12.4; ear from crown, 9; width of ear, 7.4. MYOTIS CARIMATZ, new species. Type. —Adult female (in alcohol), No. 125154, United States National Museum. Collected at Telok Edar, Karimata Island, August 28, 1904, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 3673. Characters. —Like Myotis megalopus (Dobson), but larger and with heavier teeth. Kars, membranes, etc.—The general external characters of the species appear to agree exactly with those of Myotis megalopus as described by Dobson and Blanford. They are also in all respects as in a speci- men (adult male, No. 112606) collected by Doctor Abbott on the Sem- brong River, Johore, July 4, 1901. Color.—After sixteen months immersion in alcohol the fur of the back is a light broccoli-brown with faint grayish reflections, the hairs almost slate black through a little more than basal half. Underparts grayish white tinged with cream-buff on throat, thighs, and base of tail. Chin, blackish. Membranes and ears uniform dark brown. “See Mill-r, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XIX, p. 41, Feb. 26, 1906, No. 1481. MAMMALS FROM KARIMATA ISLANDS—MILLER. 63 Skull and teeth.—'The skull and teeth agree with those of the speci- men of Myotis megalopus trom Johore except for the slightly greater size of the former and the distinctly increased robustness of the latter. Anterior and posterior premolars practically in contact, the second crowded inward from the toothrow and quite invisible from oute1 side. Third upper molar with well-developed metacone and third commissure. Middle lower premolar with area of cross section only about one-third that of first or third. Measurements.—For external measurements see table. page 64. Skull of type: Greatest length, 15.8mm.; upper length, 13.6; condylo- basilar length, 14; basal length, 11; palatal length, 6; zygomatic breadth, 10; interorbital constriction, 4; breadth of braincase, 7.8; mandible, 11.4; maxillary toothrow, exclusive of incisors, 5.8; man- dibular toothrow, exclusive of incisors, 6.2. Specimens examined.—YLwo, both from the type locality. Family EMBALLONURIDZ. EMBALLONURA ANAMBENSIS Miller. 1900. Emballonura anambensis M1LLER, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., II, p. 236. August 20, 1900 (Anambas Islands). Twenty-six specimens (one skin) were taken at Telok Edar, Kari- mata Island, August 27 to September 4, 1904. They are readily dis- tinguishable from Limballonura peninsularis by the more slender form of the braincase, and from £2. monticola by their larger size, but Iam unable to find any tangible character to separate them from the species occurring in the Anambas and Natunas. For measurements see table, page 64. Family MEGADERMID. MEGADERMA CARIMAT2Z, new species. Type.—Adult female (in alcohol), No. 125185, United States National Museum. Collected at Tanjong Karimata Tua, Karimata Island, August 31, 1904, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 3709. Characters. —Not as large as Megaderma spasma from the Malay Peninsula, but ear distinctly longer, so that its height above crown is noticeably more than half length of forearm. Ears, membranes, etc.—As in Megaderma spasma. Color.—The color does not differ appreciably from that of J/ega- derma spasma. In two skins (male, No. 125126, and female, No. 125127) it is a uniform gray throughout, about the gray No. 6 of Ridgway on upper parts, slightly less dark below, the hairs every- where inconspicuously tipped with ecru-drab. Skull and teeth.—The skull and teeth show no peculiarities except that they are perceptibly smaller than in the related species. Measurements.—For measurement see table, page 64. Proc. N- Vivol. xxxi—06——5 64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Specimens examined. “ophirty- -one ao skins), all from the type locality. Remarks.—This is a well marked local form, easily recognizable by its reduced general size and lengthened ears. This is best illustrated by the ratio of height of ear above crown to forearm; 47-++ in 7 main- land specimens of Jegaderma spasma, 5 1901. Rhinolophus spadix MILER, Proc. Family RHINOLOPHID&. RHINOLOPHUS BORNEENSIS SPADIX (Miller). March 26, 1901 (South Natunas). 1905. Rhinolophus borneensis spadix ANDERSEN, Proc. Zool. Soc., London, 1905, pa Sie Washington Acad. Sci., October 17, 1905 (Karimata and Pulo Serutu). 8+ in 10 of I. carimate. ES paalisos Three specimens from Pulo Serutu and two from Karimata Island have been identified as above by Mr. Knud Andersen. HIPPOSIDEROS LARVATUS (Horsfield). Six specimens of a bat provisionally identified as //ipposideros lar- watus by Mr. Knud Andersen“ were taken on Pulo Serutu. An adult male (No. 125049) measures, total length, 99 mm.; head and body, 68; tail, 31; tibia, 21; foot, 44; third finger, 80; aoe finger, from crown, 18: dt of ear, 19.2. » Measurements of bats from the Karimata Islands and Malay Peninsula. 23. ; forearm, 54.8; thumb, 9.2; second nee 62; ear from meatus, 4; ear iS re si S/eB| .|¢ Name and locality. |Cat.No.) Sex. | © ial beg | 2 |e Bp qig|i3sjs 3 Bait cog peices Goll ees te ena ES : Pa rere ae See eae eee ee g\2/4/e/Z(EIEIE/Ele (2/2 [S]3 Del) es) ek [OM ccd |e Steal mec | eto [oma (cette | ca cee Hie lS (Ble /Blalale lB lala le la | | KARIMATA ISLAND. | | el 7 mimi nn | mm) mene a \mam| mm | mm | mm \num \mm mm) mine mn Myotis carimatx ......- 125153 | Female .|44. 0/38. 4|16. 0)10. 0/37. 2} 8. 8)38. 0 69) 59/53. 0/15. 0/12.010.0).... DO ees es Sess ee 125154a)....do .../48. 0/40. 0/16. 8:10. 4/38. 6 9.0/41.0 73| 60)55. 0/16. 0)12. 4/10. 4)... Emballonura anamben- | | SISh Sohn See Sees See 12) 5140 | Male....|44. 4)14. 0/17. 0; 8. 0/45. 4; 7. 6/36. 6, 75) 50/43. 0)13. 0)11..0) 9.2)... - WOT osaes daseee | 125142 J -=-80 ==: 43. 6/13. 4/16. 4| 6. 6/45. 0) 8.0/37.0) 71) 51/47.0)13. 4/11. 4/10. 2|__.. Dome see eee | 125144 |....do .../47. 0/10. 6|15. 4| 6. 6)44.8| 7.4/37.0| 73| 47/43. 0/13. 8/10. 6/10. 6]. DOrerss. een | 125148 |....do ...|45. 013. 017.0] 7. 4/46. 0] 8.0/36. 4] 72| 50/47. 0\14. 2/12. 0/10. 0) DOrss ose a:2 See ee 125149 |_...do ---/44. 0/14. 0/16. 4] 7. 6/44. 8) 8.0)35.0) 69) 51/47.013.4)11. 0)10. 4). . ID) OL Ss See cto 125128 | Female. }46. 0/18. 8/17. 0) 7. 2\44. 4 7.6/36.0} 72} 49/46. 0!12. 8/11. 4 10.0). . WOM Sse 125130 |....do .../44. 0/13. 0/16. 4] 7. 6/45. 0] 7.4/36.0| 72] 49/46.0.14. 0/11. 4/10. O|.. WO veejaae sooo ee 125131 ee ore -.do .--/45. 0/15. 0/17. 2) 7. 0145. 0} 7.4/36. 0) 74| 62/48. 4)14. 6/12. 8/10. 4). . WOM ase oes eee ase 125132 --do .../46. 0/13. 4/18. 0} 7. 046.4 7.0/39.0| 76] 53/50. 0 14.0/12.0] 9.6... DOs oesischosaeeen 125137 |....do ...|44. 4/15. 0/16. 0} 7. 0/45. 4| 8.0 37.0| 73) 52/48. 0'15. 8}12. 8/11. 0’. Megaderma carimatie ..| 125165 | Male... .|69. 0| 2. 0/32.016. 8/56. 817.050.0100) 78 83.039. 033. 4|27. 063. 0 DO«she es ccaeeeee 125167 --do .../65. 0)... ./31. 4/15. 0/58. 4/18. 0/52. 0) 103] 81/83. 0/40. 0'33. 0/27. 0.62.0 DO nea ct eee 125169 |....do ...|66. 0)... 131. 015. 6/56. 017.0 48.0) 105) 7981. 0/40. 032. 4/26. 062.4 DOys Fee eee eee 125170 --do .../61. 0] 3. 6/28. 8/14. 4/53. € 16.8 44.0) 98] 72'75.041.0 34. 0/26. 0.61.0 DOs. tia Se 125171 -do ... 65.0) 2.4/31. 014. 0/56. 0 14. 8/51. 0) 102} 7780.040.031. 6/26. 061.0 DO}. ethane sec coe 125177 Fe male ./63. 0|....|31. 8:13. 8/58. 0/16. 2.49.0) 106] 80,84. 038.031. 4/26. C 62. 4 DOL see she eee 125179) |22-.d0).: -|67. Besse a 15. 2/48.0) 104) 78 83.039. 031. 6/26. 4 62.0 DO ls See 125183 oma .-.|72. 6]... .|32. 0/16. 0/56. 0/17. 0/48. 0} 103] 79/85. 0/39. 4/33. 6/27. 0164. 0 DOs = see 1251854 Peed OMeeloonOle -|32. 017.055. 0 17. 4/51. 0| 108} 8184. 0/42. 4 35. 0/27. 065. 0 DG. ese oan fees ae 195187 |....do ...|67. 0] 4. 0/33. 4/16, 458, 618. 0|51.0| 111] 81/83, 0/42. 435, 0/29. 0.66. 0 a t Type. «© Under date of fae Lie 1906, Mr. Andersen writes: «ey rien ee ie IT shall have to separate these from Hipposideros larvatus.”’ No. 1481. MAMMALS FROM KARIMATA | ISLA NDS—MILLER. 65 Measurements of bats from the Karimata Islands and Malay Peninsula—Continued. Name and locality. |Cat.No.) Sex. Ear from meatus. Head and body. Spread of ears. Fourth finger. Width of ear. Foot. Forearm. Thumb. Reena finger. Third finger. Fifth finger. Tail Tibia. | Ear from erown, | JOHORE: TANJONG | | SIKAKAP, | | mm mn mm mm) mm) mm mm mm\ mm) mm) mm mm mm mm Megaderma spasma....| 112737 | Female.|61.0 ne vclees.}16, 0/59. 0/17. 0/58. 0) 114) 81/85. 0/32. 0/29. 0.24. 0/55. 0 DOG e wsecibocoss 112738 |....do ...|64. 0)... .'35. 0/17. 6/61. 0/18. 8/56. 0) 116) 84/88. 0/37. 0|29. 024. 058. 0 Nope seems. e ee! 112739 |-222do -..|66. 0) 1.435. 0/15. 060.017. 4)53.0| 112} 84.87. 0.56.027.0.24. 0.56.0 Oe fete ac. 112740 |....do...|66. 6)... 32. 0/15. 0157. 0.18. 6/53. 0) 109) 85/89. 0:36. 0:27. 4 24.057. 0 OSS a heap 112741 |... .do ...|66. 0 -.../35. 0/16. 0/59. 0/16. 4/52.0) 114) 88.86.0:35.0.28.0.26.057.0 Bees senccase 112742 |....do ...|61. 4)... -|32. 0/15. 4/59. 0/16. 4/55. 0| 112} 82/89. 0/35. 4/28. 0.25. 0/56. 4 Res aes a 112743 |....do -..|72.0)...../24. 0/16. 0 0 57. 0/18. oe 0; = Pas 0.37. 0/29. 0 25. 0/58. | ee We pee Paseo [ater oes ees MACACA FASCICULARIS (Raffles). Two specimens (male, No. 125101, and male, No. 125102) were taken at Telok Pai, Karimata Island. They appear to represent a small form with color not as bright as in the Sumatran animal, but the mater ial is not sufficient to show their status satisfactorily. PRESBYTIS CARIMAT2&, new species. Type.—Adult female (skin and skull), No. 125158, United States National Museum. Collected at Telok Edar, Karimata Island, August 21, 1904, by Dr. W. L. Abbott. Original number, 3627 Characters.—Similar to Preshytis rubicundus, but color lighter and brighter. Skull and teeth like those of the Bornean species, except that the pterygoid fossa is not as deep and the mandible is more robust. Color.—Type: General color throughout a red, intermediate between the hazel and rufous of Ridgway (though somewhat nearer the former), fading almost to tawny on crown and on inner surface of legs, darken- ing slightly on outer surface of legs, and becoming nearly chestnut on hands and feet. Tail concolor with back. Under parts faintly lighter. Some of the other skins are not as bright, but none closely approaches the dull hazel of Preshytis rubicunda. Skull and teeth.—In general the skull and teeth are as in the Bornean species, but the mandible is more heavily built, particularly behind the toothrows, its articular condyle is broader and more squarish in outline, and the pterygoid fosse are broader and not as deep. In Pres- bytis rubicunda these cavities extend noticeably below level of basis- phenoid (skull held upside down), while in the Karimatan animal they terminate more nearly opposite its surface. Measurements.—¥For external measurements see table. Skull of type: Greatest length, 95 mm.; condylobasilar clase 69; basilar length, 62.4; palatilar length, 25; zygomatic breadth, 72; constriction behind as 43.6; interorbital breadth, 8; breadth of braincase, 56; 66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. mandible, 68; maxillary toothrow, exclusive of incisors, 30.4; man- dibular toothrow, exclusive of incisors, 34.4 Specimens examined.—Seven, all from Karimata Island. Measurements Presbytis carimate and Macaca fascicularis. Name and locality. Cat. No. Sex. s pody. | eae Hind Weight. KARIMATA ISLAND. mm. mm. mm. kg. IPresbytts COMUNOLD = 2-2 = =e san A25103") Mae Wersrstaleteraate 520 670 175 7.0 DO ese tek cclateke peels onze eases 125104 | Female....-.-- 525 6590 170 6.6 DO eiias sossnenee aseaeeosee ecco 251050 Ee Gore. sates 460 (UU eseaceced 6.6 IDO sco citation eae eee cee 1251106)|/55--2 doe. face 535 715 168 7.2 IDO eetem coe eels aoe aac os cee eee 121M | eee GOys2s-ees6 5380 710 169 7.5 WOrsusisde det laste eeee eee @ 125158 ||... -. dose shee 505 730 174 6.5 IDO Nasaeicane cewacee seo 25169) |S. s2- COE sence 528 745 171 ines Macaca fascicularis..-..------ Seer LOST OIS Male yescere rer 460 655 144 5.4 DOnscueeeeccscceseceecn see sets 1251020 ee sere GOmeeeeeae 460 630 145 5.3 a'Type. 6 Tail imperfect. NOTES ON A COLLECTION OF FISHES FROM ARGENTINA, SOUTH AMERICA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW SPECIES. By Barton WarreN EverMANN and Witiiam CONVERSE KENDALL, Of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. This paper is based on a collection of fishes made in Argentina by Mr. John W. Titcomb,? in 1903 and 1904, while engaged in inaugu- rating fish-cultural operations for the Argentine Government. The collection contains 52 species, of which about half are from fresh water. The marine species are from Mar del Plata or the market at Buenos Aires. The latter are mostly from Uruguayan fisheries. The freshwater species are from Rio Primero in the Province of Cordoba, and from the headwaters of the Rio Negro, chiefly Lakes Nahuel Huapi and Traful and tributary or neighboring waters. Unfortunately when received some of the labels had become partly effaced, making some of the localities uncertain. Mr. Titcomb has kindly furnished us the following interesting infor- mation regarding the lakes and streams of Argentina: In general, leaving out the larger rivers, the fresh waters of Argentina may be divided into three classes: First, the cold clear waters of the Cordilleras and rivers having their sources in the Andes from the Limay south. Second, clear-water streams constantly flowing and not having an excessively high temperature in summer; clear-water ponds supplied with water from such streams and having a constant inflow and outflow. The streams flowing south from the Sierras in the Province of Buenos Aires are examples of the streams above described, and in the same region Lago de Bravo and Lago de los Padres are examples of the ponds coming under this head. In the northern provinces the Rio Primero and the Dique San Roque belong to the same class of waters. All of them are practically unproductive, containing only small fishes. Third, streams which are sluggish and more or less muddy, and which have an excessively high temperature in summer; ponds and lakes which are natural basins @See Boletin del Minesterio de Agricultura, No. 3, I, May, 1904, pp. 253-278. PROCEEDINGS U. S. NATIONAL MusSeEuM, VOL. XXXI—No. 1482. 67 68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXXI. for catching surface water, which never go dry, and which have no regular supply or discharge of water. Lake Nahuel Huapi is the largest of a chain of lakes in the Andes Mountains, which may be called the sources of the Rio Limay. These are found in latitude 384° to 414° south. Lake Nahuel Huapi is almost on the Chilean border, the dividing line being a series of steeple-shaped peaks which are snow-clad throughout the year. Its elevation is about 2,500 feet. The waters are very clear and one can see to a depth of about 20 or 30 feet. The shore line is very irregular, and only a very small part of the lake can be seen at any one time by a boatman on it. There are several islands in the lake one of which contains a small pond of about 15 or 20 acres in area. The lake is fed by innumerable small streams, and several quite large ones. Lake Traful is about 2,300 feet elevation, and is much smaller than Lake Nahuel Huapi. It covers perhaps one-tenth of the area of the larger lake. It is probably about 10 miles long and 2 miles wide at its widest point. It is surrounded by mountains, and the shore line is precipitous, so much so that in many places it is impossible to make a landing from the lake. This lake is apparently very deep, and its waters are clear and cold, similar to those of Lake Nahuel Huapi. Various other lakes in the same district mentioned above were reported to be similar in char- acter. Some of them are larger than Lake Traful. Lake Nahuel Huapi reminds one very much of Lake Winnepesaukee. It is quite as irregular, has clearer water of a lower temperature, and not nearly so many islands. It must be very deep in some parts. The shores rise abruptly several hundred feet in places. The nature of the waters of the Limay River may be judged pretty accurately from the description of Lakes Nahuel Huapi and Traful. These and many other lakes in the Andes flowing into the river cause it at times to overflow its banks and spread over quite a large territory. At the outlet of Nahuel Huapi, which may properly be called the source of the Limay, the lake itself rises 15 or 20 feet. When the river is at its normal height it is in places only 200 or 300 yards wide, but quite deep. In other places it is a mile wide. In many places there are rapids dangerous to navi- gation in small boats. Owing to the fact that the river spreads out in width so fre- quently, and also because it breaks upin small channels, it can not be called navigable for any but small boats. We are indebted to Dr. Carl H. Eigenmann, of Indiana University, for assistance in the identification of the Characins. Family GALEID 4. 1. MUSTELUS CANIS (Mitchill). TIBURON; CAZON. Squalus canis Mircnity, Trans. Lit. and Philos. Soe. New York, I, 1815, p. 486, New York. Mustelus vulgaris, G6NtHER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 5th ser., No. 3, July, 1880, p. 7. Galeus canis, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 7 (Bahia Blanca; Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Rio de la Plata). Berg says that this species is rather common on the coast and ascends the Rio de la Plata almost to fresh water. We have 4 specimens, all males, measuring from 17.25 to 22.75 inches total length. No, 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 69 Family SQUATINID &®. 2. SQUATINA SQUATINA (‘Linnzus), ANGEL. Squalus squatina Linnaxus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1858, p. 233, Europe. Rhina squatina, Peruera, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 608 (Mar del Plata). Squatina squatina, Bere, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, LV (2d ser., 1), 1895, p.9 (Bahia Blanca; Mar del Plata; Montevideo). Berg says this species occurs in considerable abundance at Bahia Blanca, Mar del Plata, Montevideo, and along the whole south coast. Our collection contains one specimen 20 inches long from the market at Buenos Aires, probably from Uruguayan fisheries. Family NARCOBATID. 3. DISCOPYGE TSCHUDII Heckel. RAYA ELECTRICA. Discopyge tscnudii Hecker in Tschudi, Untersuch. Fauna Peruviana, 1845, p. 33, pl. v1, Peru.—Bere, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 10 (Mar del Plata). ’ Two specimens 16 and 12.5 inches in total length, respectivety, from the market of Buenos Aires, agree very well with Berg’s description. Family RAJID&. 4. RAJA PLATANA Gunther. RAYA, Raja platana Giwruer, Challenger Rept., Zool., I, 1880, p. 11, pl. 11, Rio de la Plata, in 13 fathoms.—Berec, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 18 (Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Rio de la Plata). Berg states that this species is comparatively more abundant than the others and reaches a larger size. He has seen individuals a meter in diameter. He says that they have the antero-lateral border some- what sinuous rather than straight, as figured by Ginther. We identify the single specimen in our collection with this species, although it differs somewhat from Ginther’s description and figure. Total length 23.5 inches; length of disk about 2 in total length; eye 8.63 in snout, 2.36 in interorbital; teeth short, bluntly conic in front, nearly flat at ends of jaws, 40 rows in the upper jaw, 44 in the lower. Body smooth above, excepting a patch of scattering prickles about halfway between eye and lateral border; a group of small Spines on snout; scattering prickles in front of and between eyes; a short spine before each eye and 2 behind, near inner end of each spiracle; 3 short spines and a few prickles on back near junction with head; scattering prickles along back and front of and between ventral 70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. fins and on base a a an sere series of spines along median dorsal aspect of tail; 1 spine between dorsals; below smooth, except- ing a moderately broad patch of fine prickles on antero-lateral border in region anterior to nostrils and on each side of snout; snout smooth. Color in alcohol, above light brown with large faint dark-brown spots, giving it a coarsely mottled appearance; a large ocellus at middle base of each pectoral, the center dark brown, surrounded by gray; traces of dark brown cross-bars on tail; each side of snout with pale area, probably hyaline in life; below entirely white, except- ing a long tr eae dark-brown spot on the snout, its apex toward mouth; symmetrically arranged bluish pores, thick anteriorly, becom- ing fewer and disappearing on abdomen. 5. RAJA MICROPS Gunther. Raja microps GUNTHER, Challenger Rept., Zool., I, 1880, p. 11, pl. rv, mouth of Rio de la Plata.—Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 14 (Mar del Plata; Rio de la Plata). Concerning this species, Berg says that it occurs with less frequency than the former species [ 2. agassiz¢ and 2. platana| from which it is distinguished principally by the much shorter snout; and usually there are 34 series of pavement teeth. The only example in our collection is a female from Buenos Aires market. We have identified it with this species, although it does not agree in every way with Giinther’s description and figure. There is no trace of the conspicuous fan-shaped patches of muciferous tubes just posterior to the head, mentioned and figured by Giinther. The following notes are taken from our specimen: Total length 20.87 inches; length of disk about 2.31 in total length; width of disk about 1.51; snout about 3.34 in length of disk; interorbital space about 3.11 in snout. Teeth flat, 42 series in upper jaw and 30 in the lower; snout short, its angle greater than a right one; anterior margin of pectoral slightly sinuous from snout to the rounded outer margin. Ventrals deeply emarginate, with crenate edges; tail flat, with a narrow fold on each side; series of spines along the back and tail to the first dorsal, and one spine between the fins; a spine behind each eye and opposite the spiracles; a spine in front of the upper margin of each eye and one on each side of the body opposite the spiracle and in line with the anterior margin of pectoral fin; a broad patch of prickles along anterior margin of pectoral, diminishing in width to the snout; space between the eyes prickly; a line of prickles along each side of median line of spines of the back, also along each side of base of tail for a short distance beyond base of ventrals; a narrow strip of prickles on each side of lower partof snout. Color olivaceous gray, with faint traces of darker spots. No, 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. “1 6. PSAMMOBATIS SCOBINA (Philippi). RAYA, Raya scobina Puiirprr, Weig. Archiv fir Naturg., X XIII, 1857, p. 270, Chile. Psammobatis rudis GiNTrHER, Cat., VIII, 1870, p. 470, Sandy Point, Chile.—Brre, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 14 (Mar. del Plata). Raja scobina Puruippi, Anal. Mus. Nac. Chile, Zool., 1892, p. 2, pl. 1, fig. 1 (Chile). Berg records Psammobatis rudis Ginther, in the synonymy of which he doubtfully includes 2aja scobina Philippi. Regarding it he says: ‘This species, which, according to Giinther, is identical with Raya scobina Philippi of the Pacific coast of Chile, is comparatively rare. The longest of those examined was 28 cm. The number, form, and dis- tribution of the spines and sharp tubercles, as well as the coloration and the extent of the pale spots, vary greatly in this ray.” Ginther’s type of his species, Psammobatis rudis, was an immature individual only 7 or 8 inches long, some of the characteristics of which were the perfectly circular disk; snout short, overlapped by the ante- rior portions of the pectoral fins; tail with no distinct terminal fin, and each ventral divided into ‘two by a deep notch. In the Challenger report he presents additional notes on the species and gives some figures, stating that a male example 11.5 inches long was still far from mature; the disk not circular, but the anterior margins more rectilinear; a thin rostral appendage present; the tail showing a distinct terminal fin. His figures show the ventral fin divided almost into two. In this report Giinther doubtfully includes Philippi’s Raja scobina in the synonymy of Psammobatis rudis. In the Anales del Museo Nacional de Chile, 1892, in which he rede- scribes and figures Raja scobina, Philippi says of a specimen 27 cm. in length, that the disk is circular; but he italicizes the statement that the ventrals are situated wholly behind the vent, their margins rounded and not divided into two lobes. We have no way of definitely decid- ing whether these two forms are specifically identical; but we have one specimen which seems to be closely related to them, yet not fully agreeing with the description of either. Inasmuch as it agrees with one about as well as with the other and as 7. scobina is the older name and regarded by Giinther as probably synonymous with P. rudis, we adopt it as the name for our specimen which we provisionally identify as a Psammobatis. Following is a brief description of our specimen: Total length 23.5 inches; width 17 inches; disk with nearly rectilinear margins forward, its width greater than its length, measured from tip of snout to pos- terior base of pectoral fin; a short filamentous rostral projection; eye 8.63 in snout, 2.36 in interorbital; teeth short, bluntly conic in front, nearly flat at end of jaws, 40 rows in the upper jaw and 44 in the lower; ventrals not wholly behind vent, deeply notched but not divided into two distinct lobes; on about the middle of the back 3 short bluntish 72 De OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. spines, be nial Ww hich are traces of eile: rspines; broad patch of prickles along anterior margin of pectoral nearly to snout where the patch becomes narrower and the prickles more scattering; scattering minute prickles between and in front of eyes, and on back arranged in 3 or 4 rows extending from spines about middle of back on tail to about oppo- site tip of ventral; tail depressed with fold along each side and a single row of stout spines along the median dorsal line from between y entra to first dorsal and one spine between dorsals; no spines on side of tail; dorsal fins each with a cartilaginous support or ray similar to that in Sympterygia, not present in the other skates. 7. SYMPTERYGIA BONAPARTII Miller and Henle. BAYA. Sympterygia bonapartii MULLER and HENutE, Wieg. Archiv fur Naturg., III, Pt. 1, p. 155, pl. xix. Sympterygia eee Bere, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 15 (Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Rio de la Plata). Sympterygia acuta GARMAN, Proc. Bost. Soe. Nat. Hist., XIX, 1877, p. 206, Buenos Aires. Recorded by Berg from Mar del Plata, Montevideo and Rio de la Plata. He observes that this species of ray, which is very common in the localities mentioned and whose country was known neither to Miller and Henle, nor to Giinther, is very variable in respect to the prolongation of the snout, the width of the fins, the length of the tail, and the shape of the antero-lateral border. This last in one example is rectilinear, in other instances curved, and in others, principally the males, sinuous. The males usually have various series of dorso-lateral spines. In the identification of our specimens of this genus we follow Berg, although the characters of the type, a female in the Berlin Museum, as shown in the brief description and the figure by Miller and Henle, are widely different from those of our specimens. But Berg found much variation in the species, and includes Garman’s S. @euta from Buenos Aires (the description of which agrees fairly well with our specimens) as being conspecific with his specimens. Besides, the type of S. bonapartii seems to be sine patria, although it is not impossible that it came from South America. Miller and Henle say that the thin teeth are flat, while Garman says: ‘‘ Teeth small, subquadrangular on the base, sharp in the middle series, blunter to flat toward the angles of the mouth, in 42 series on the upper jaw and 40 below.” The following are descriptions of 2 of the specimens in our collection: Description of male: Length of disk slightly over 2 in total length; width of disk 1.75; eye small, 4.5 in interorbital; snout long and sharp, about 2.35 in length of ee interorbital 3.77 in snout, wider than the distance of eye and spir ae taken together. No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 73 Teeth in 47 series above and 45 below; in upper jaw 7 rows at each end are flat, the rest sharp; 9 rows at each end of lower jaw are flat, the remainder sharp; all the sharp teeth hooked inward; margin nearly straight from tip of snout to about opposite anterior margin of eye, then abruptly curving outward as the anterior margin of the pectoral; pectoral rounded, the exsertion of the rays giving it a crenulate margin and for the same cause the ventrals being crenate; dorsal moderately high, the second deeply notched near the tip of the tail, each with a thick cartilaginous ray; a series of strong spines from the middle of back to first dorsal and one spine between the dorsals; no other large spines; about 4 rows of small hooked spines near the edge on the widest part of each pectoral; whole anterior margin of pectoral nearly to tip of snout with a broad band of prickles; a band of small prickles from base of snout on the translucent area, between the eyes and whole length of back nearly to tip of tail. Color in spirits, brownish above with streaks and cloudy effects of darker, as if soiled. Description of female: Length of disk 2 in total length; width of disk about 1.81; snout about 2.27 in length of disk; interorbital about 4.35 in snout; eye 3.85 in interorbital; teeth 42 rows in each jaw; about 6 rows in the upper jaw and 8 in the lower at each end are flat; the remainder pointed on an expanded base. Body of same general shape, and spines arranged about the same as in the male. Below there is a dense patch of prickles over the whole area between the rows of gill-openings; a large irregularly arranged patch on each pectoral base opposite and posterior to gill-openings; anterior concave margins of pectorals prickly, as in male, and others about the same. This description from a male 20.12 inches long and a female 21 inches long, both from Buenos Aires. A third female 22 inches long has the teeth in 48 rows in upper jaw and 50 in the lower. Family CALLORHYNCHIDZ. 8. CALLORHYNCHUS CALLORYNCHUS (Linnzus). GALLO. Chimera callorynchus Lixnmus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1758, p. 236, ‘“‘Habitat in Mari Athiopico.”’ Callorhynchus callorhynchus, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, [V (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 18 (Santa Cruz; Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Rio de la Plata). Berg says that this species is not rare in the waters of the Atlantic coast from Bahia de Santa Cruz to Montevideo; the usual length 70 to 80 cm., but individuals of 1 m. are very rare. We have one specimen something over 77 cm. (30.5 inches) total length. 74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Family CLUPEID 4. 9. SARDINELLA ARCUATA (Jenyns). Clupea arcuata JENYNS, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p.134, Bahia Blanca.— Prruara, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 655 (‘‘Canale della Beagle’’).—Brra, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., T), 1895, p. 19 (Bahia de Santa Cruz; Bahia Blanca). Three specimens in our collection furnish the figures for the fol- lowing table: Proportional measurements of Sardinella arcuata. 7 | Head in Total : : es : tha length a Eye in | Snout | Ventral Pectoral length in| without | Pept. | head. |inhead.| scutes. | P | / in head. inches. Gandals 3.75 5 4 3. 20 4 18-+10 14 19 1.33 3. 87 5.38 4.11 3.25 4.33 18+10 14 22 1.44 Y 5. 04 3. 88 3 3. 85 19+- 9 14 21 i. 22 Mouth very oblique; upper outline nearly straight from tip of snout to caudal; ventral outline strongly curved from tip of lower jaw; dorsal origin about halfway between tip of snout and upper base of caudal; ventral insertion in advance of origin of dorsal. Color in alcohol, thickly punctated with dusky on back, giving it a bluish-gray appearance; lower parts silvery; middle caudal rays dusky; all other fins pale; tip of lower jaw black; tip of snout with black punctulations. 10. BREVOORTIA TYRANNUS (Latrobe). LACHA, Clupea tyrannus Larrosn, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. Phila., V, 1802, p. 77, Chesa- peake Bay. Clupanodon aureus AGAssiz in Spix, Pisce. Brasil., 1829, p. 52, pl. x1x, ‘‘ Habitat Bahize et alibi in ora Brasilize orientale.’’ Alosa pectinata JENyNs, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, p. 185, pl. xxv, 1842, Bahia Blanca. Clupea aurea, Pervata, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 655 (La Plata e Belgrano). Clupea pectinata, Bere, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 17 (Bahia Blanca; Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Embocodura del Rio de la Plata): Brevoortia tyrannus, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 20 (Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Rio de la Plata. ) Berg records ‘* Brevoortia tyrannus” from Montevideo and Rio de la Plata, where he says it sometimes occurs in great abundance, ascend- ing the Rio de la Plataas far as Belgrano. He also lists ** Clupea pec- tinata (Jen.)” from Bahia Blanea, Mar del Plata, Montevideo, and Embocodura del Rio de la Plata, saying that it abounds during the winter, but apparently does not ascend the Rio de la Plata beyond salt water. 5 e No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. i Jenyns’ Clupea pectinata is a Brevoortia and was regarded by Goode “ as a distinct species, taking the place of LB. tyrannus aurea south of Brazil, from which it was distinguished chiefly by the fewer scales in a transverse series, the formula for which was in 3 specimens 50,-18 to 20. One of these specimens was from Rio Grande, Brazil. Goode did not _give the scale formula for aurea, but in his figure, Plate IIT, fig. 3, there are over 60 laterally and 23 or 24 transversely. There are, however, just as many scales in one figure of a menhaden from Woods Hole. Goode had a large number of northern menhaden in which he found great variation in the proportional measurements; in fact, in ail their characters, sufficient indeed to cause him to regard local groups as varieties. He had comparatively few Brazilian specimens, and only 8 which he regarded as G. pectinata. It is probable that if he had had more of the latter he would have found as great variation in them as he did in the northern fish. We have examined a small series of northern men- haden, but none of aurea and but 1 of pectinata which is Goode’s Par- aguayan example. We are therefore not in a position to reach any positive conclusion regarding the identity or distinctness of these forms. We have, however, 2 specimens in the present collection which in the number of scales agrees with 2. pectinata, but compared with the above-mentioned Paraguayan example of that species, is as different in other respects as are specimens from Chesapeake Bay. The most notable difference is in the position of the ventrals and the consequent difference in the extent of the pectorals. In northern men- haden Goode states this character is variable and unreliable. Our specimens, compared with 2 Chesapeake Bay specimens of somewhat smaller size, are very different. They have deeper heads, fewer longi- tudinal scales, and a more posterior situation of the ventrals. With all these difficulties before us we deem it inadvisable to attempt to draw any conclusions further than that intergradation probably exists and that 2. pectinata is not more than a subspecies at most; and that an examination of a larger series of menhaden from the habitat of this form would reveal that it is the only menhaden there, but subject to great variation as in the north. Being unable more closely to identify our specimens with LB. pectinata than with aurea or tyrannus we pro- visionally designate them as Grevoortia tyrannus, in as much as Berg records this species from those waters. The tails being somewhat broken we have to give their lengths to base of caudal only. Lengths 12.27 and 11.57 inches, respectively; head 3.37 and 3.35 in length; depth 2.76 and 3.01; eye 7.75 and 7.33 in head; snout 4.04 and 4.40; maxillary 2.11 and 2.39; mandible 1.72; scales about 50-15 (vertical); D. 14 ? and 17; A. 21 and 20. aRept. U. 8. Fish Comm., V, 1877 (1879), pp. 18, 30. 76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI, Family ENGRAULID i. 11. LYCENGRAULIS GROSSIDENS (Cuvier). SARDINA. Engraulis grossidens Cuvier in Spix (Agassiz) Pisce. Brasil., p. 50, pl. xxrv, fig. 1, 1829.—Perrvueia, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 654 (Montevideo). Tycengraulis grossidens, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 21 (Mar. del Plata; Montevideo). Concerning this species Berg states that it sometimes reaches the markets of Buenos Aires and Montevideo in considerable abundance. We have the bones of the lower part of the head, a part of the ver- tebral column, and the stomach of an individual found in the stomach of Acanthistius patachonicus. The teeth sufficiently indicate the genus, but it is impossible to determine the species with certainty. ; The stomach was distended with fragments of minute crustaceans. Family LEPTOCEPHALIDZK. 12. LEPTOCEPHALUS ORBIGNYANUS (Valenciennes). Conger orbignyanus VALENCIENNES in D’Orbigny, Voy. L’ Amér. Merid., V, 1847; POISS-=) p= LOSeAtilaSs) ol sean tical ? Conger multidens CastELNAU, Anim. nouy. l’éxped. L’Amér. du Sud, Poiss., 1855, p. 84, pl. xurv, fig. 1, ‘‘ De Rio de Janeiro’’. Conger vulgaris, GUNTHER, in part, Cat., VIII, 1870, p. 88 (South America).—PrERv- eta, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 656 (Montevideo).—Brra, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 23 (Mar del Plata; Montevideo). Conger conger LiINNwus (= C. orbignyanus, VALENCIENNES ?).—GUNTHER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 5th ser., 3, July, 1880, p. 13 (La Plata). ? Leptocephalus multidens, JorDAN and Davis, Rept. U. 8. Fish Comm., XVI, 1888 (1892), p. 664 (coast of Brazil). Leptocephalus conger, JorpAN and Davis, Rept. U. 8. Fish Comm., XVI, 1888 (1892), p. 664. The most prominent character used by Giinther and by Jordan and Davis to distinguish the species of conger eels is the position of the origin of the dorsal fin with reference to the tip of the pectoral. Giinther” definitely recognizes 4 species, Conger marginatus, C. vulgaris, C. multidens, and CL macrops, of which C. vulgaris and C. multidens are represented from South America. In a footnote Giinther says of Conger orbignyanus, that it is prob- ably identical with one of the species described; that D’Orbigny rep- resents the origin of the dorsal as being a short distance behind the extremity of the pectoral fin, while this distance is increased to the entire length of the latter fin in Doctor Kaup’s description. “@Cat., VILL, 1870. No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. ae Regarding the position of the dorsal in C. wu/garis, Giinther states that it begins opposite or nearly opposite the extremity of the pec- toral; that in C. multidens it begins the length of the pectoral behind the extremity of that fin. Jordan and Davis recognize 3 species of Leptocephalus in America and Europe—Z. multidens, L. conger, and L. caudilimbatus. The only stated distinguishing character of Z. mu/tidens is the position of the front of the dorsal, which is the length of the pectoral behind the extremity of that fin; Z. conger has the position of the dorsal origin opposite or just behind tip of pectoral, and Z. caudilémbatus above middle of pectoral. ‘We have 3 specimens of Leptocephalus which we have compared with other specimens from North and South America. North Atlantic examples seem to have the dorsal more advanced than those from the soutk Atlantic, but we do not regard the position of the dorsal as of muck diagnostic importance. The figure of Valenciennes’s C. orbig- nyanus represents the origin of the dorsal about 0.40 the length of the pectoral from its tip. In Castelnaw’s figure of C. multidens the dorsal origin is about the length of pectoral posterior to its tip. In our specimens the dorsal origin ranges from about 0.40 of the pectoral to nearly its whole length behind the tip of the latter fin. While this character is of little value, there are others exhibited by our specimens which indicate that they are distinct from North Amer- ican and at least north European congers. Valenciennes gives but a brief note regarding C. orbignyanus, stating it is remarkable for its length of snout and the development of the lips, and that there is only a little patch of teeth on the head of the vomer. Aside from the more posterior situation of the dorsal, Castelnau’s description and figure show only a somewhat larger eye to distinguish it from C. orbignyanus. The proportionally larger eye may be due to the smaller size of the specimen. Our 3 specimens seem to be much more slender than north Atlantic examples, and appear to differ also in that respect from figures of north European congers. They pre- sent also other distinguishing characters, the most prominent of which are the proportionally shorter head, smaller eye, and somewhat larger mouth. In view of the foregoing facts, while from lack of material we do not feel justified in uniting ZL. orb/gnyanus and L. multidens, we believe that an examination of more material would result in that disposition of them. We do, however, believe that the differences shown in our specimens from Z. conger justify the adoption for them of the oldest available name, which seems to be L. orbignyanus Valen- ciennes. Berg records the present species as Leptocephalus conger, regarding which he says, ‘‘ It is found rather frequently, but in lm- ited numbers. Examples of this species present great variation in respect to the coloration of the upper half of the body; some are of a 78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. pale gray, others bluish or brownish gray or wholly brown or black; the lower part is whitish or pale or dull ashy; the fins are uniform in coloration or bordered with black.” Proportional measurements of North American specimens of L. conger and of L. orbignyanas. | Total | Head in | meh: Eyein |a ; Name. | length total | em as inter- oe Extent of gape. jin mches.| length. ao orbital. De | | | LT. conger 25 | 6. 06 2 | 1.29 3.88 | To 0.75 of eye. L. conger 22,12 Gree Dra 1.21 2.76 | To 0.85 of eye. L. conger 17.12 5.95 1.57 1 3.06 | To 0.57 of eye. L. orbignyanus ...----- 38 7.11 2.83 1. 83 4 To slightly beyond eye. L. orbignyanus .------- O2a0) #53163 2.85 | yal 4.83 | To somewhat beyond eye. L. orbignyanus ...-.--- 29.12 7.10 2.70 | 1.70 2.96 | To somewhat beyond eye. | | | | | | Family ERYTHRINID 2. 13. HOPLIAS MALABARICUS (Bloch). TARARIRA. Esox malabaricus Brocn, Auslind. Fische, 1794, Pt. 8, p. 149, pl. ccexcn, Tran- quebar. Macrodon malabaricus, EIGENMANN and E1GENMANN, Proce. Cal. Ac. Sci., 2nd ser., November 8, 1889, II, pp. 101 and 102. Hoplias malabaricus sen tareira, Gru, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., X X VI, 1903, p. 1016. Our collection contains 2 specimens 16 and 18.5 inches in total length, respectively, of this widely distributed species. Head 3.10 and 3.21 in length without caudal; depth 3.56 and 3.97; eye 9.18 and 10.06 in head; snout 4.80 and 4.53; maxillary 1.96 and 2.06; mandible 1.68 and 1.63; pectoral 1.94 and 1.95; ventral 1.80 and 1.85; D. 1l4and 12, its longest ray 2.22 and 1.91 in head; A. 9 and 10; scales 745-5 and 744-5. Family CHARACINID A. 14. CURIMATUS GILBERTI Quoy and Gaimard. PAPA-TERRA. Curimatus gilberti Quoy and Gaimarp, Voy. Uranie, 1824, p. 219, pl. xivin, fig. 1, Rio Macacu, Brazil.—E1gENMANN and EzgEnmann, Ann. N. Y. Ac. Sci., IV, 1889, p. 16. Two specimens in our collection present the following characters: Total length 6.87 and 7 inches; head 3.89 and 3.75 in length; depth 2.88 and 2.77; eye 8 in head, 2.52 and 2.42 in interorbital; snout 3.70 and 3.63; scales 6-36-5 and 6-387-5; D. 10; A. 8 and 10. There are several dusky spots along side and a larger spot on caudal peduncle, showing through the scales. No, 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 19 15. PROCHILODUS PLATENSIS Holmberg SABALO. Prochilodus platensis HotmBerc, Rey. Argent. Hist. Nat., I, 1891, p. 186, Rio de la Plata. Holmberg says that this is the most common ‘‘Sabalo” of Buenos Aires, that it is caught with nets, is a common article of consumption, its abundance making it cheap, and that it is pretty good eating. There are some discrepancies between the description of this fish by Holmberg and the notes taken on a single specimen from Rio de la Plata, but only such as can be accounted for by difference in size. Holmberg’s type was a little over 20 inches in length (52 cm.). Our specimen is about 12.5 inches. It is close to P. lineatus (Valenciennes), according to the description, but lack of material for comparison prevents certainty regarding the identity of the two. The following is a brief description of our specimen: Head 3.88 in length without caudal; depth 3.05; eye 5.15 in head without flap; interorbital 1.81; snout 3.16; length of pectoral 1.26 in head; D. 11, its longest ray about 1.06 in head; A. 11, its longest ray 1.91 in head; ventral nearly as long as pectoral, 1.28 in head. Two series of close-set, weak, flexible teeth in each jaw; outer series curved, teeth flat and sharp; inner series widely V-shaped, apex directed inward, teeth dilated and crenulated at tips; teeth in both series of lower jaw more closely set, overlapping each other and all dilated at tips; inner series with a wide curve inward. 16. PARODON NASUS Kner. Parodon nasus Kner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, X VII, 1859, p. 167, ‘‘Cujabaflusse.’’— Bere, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires (2d ser., II), 1896-97, p. 280 (Rio Cuy- aba, Reptiblica Argentina [Provincias de Cordoba, Tucuman y Salta]). Berg states that a study of specimens from the province of Salta and an examination of the descriptions and figures given by Cuvier and Valenciennes, Reinhardt, and Liitken incline him to the opinion that Parodon nasus Kner is a good species and not a synonym of Parodon suborbitalis Cuvier and Valenciennes; that his examples cor- respond very well with Kner’s description of 7”. nasvs, with the excep- tion that there are only 2 teeth instead of 3 on the ascending ramus of the lower jaw, a peculiarity that he does not consider sufficient for the establishment of a new species. He says that the figures given by Cuvier and Valenciennes, Rein- hardt, and Liitken represent a rather graceful and slender form, while his examples are very robust, plump, or broad, having the anterior part of the back arched, the belly broad and nearly flat, and the raudal end relatively deep. The fins, especially the pectoral, broad, and somewhat falcate or emarginate, characters that the figures of 7%. sub- Proc. N. M. vol. xxxi—06 6 80 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Pane C uvier a Vialneunes and P. hillardi Reinhardt do not show. Berg gives the fin raysand scale counts of 2. nasus as follows: D. 12; A. 9; P. 15; scales 5-38 to 40-4 or 5. Kner gives them as D. 11; A. 9; P. 15; scales 43-86 to 38-3} to 4. Steindachner has described aaa figured a Purodon ae ws from La Plata® of which he gives D. 12; A. 8; P. 12; scales 5 to 53-44 to 45-34 to 4, and which differs in other respects from description of figures of P. nasus. In his account of this species he expresses the opinion that P. nasus Kner and 7. Acllarii Reinhardt are synonymous with P. suborbitalis Cuvier and Valenciennes. In specimens which Berg identifies with P. ajinis he gives D. 11 or 12; A. 8; P. 12 or -18; scales 54 -42 to 47-4 (Rio de la Plata; Rio Paraguay). Perugia? lists Parodon nasus Kner from Tucuman and Cordoba, regarding which he pays **Doctor Steindachner in describing a new species of Parodon, P. affints (Denk. Ak. Wien, XLI, p. 20) expresses the opinion that P. suborbitalis, P. nasus, and P. hillarii Reinh. (Lit- ken, Velhas—Floden Fische, p. 194, figs. 3,4) aresynonyms. From the comparison Iam able to make of our specimens with the figure and description of Cuvier and ea Kner, and Liitken, I agree exactly with Steindachner’s view. Parodon suborbitalis Cuvier and Valenciennes has head less than 5 depth 4; D. 11; A. 9; scales 37. The very limited material at our command prohibits our expressing any decided opinion regarding the value of one or the other of these somewhat contradictory views, and we are, therefore, unable to identify our 2 specimens with certainty. It is especially hard since they are young individuals not over 1.87 inches long; P. suborbital/s was 5 inches long; 7. nasus Kner, over 4 inches; P. nasus Berg, 4.75 to 54; P. apiinis, about 4. However, since our specimens agree so well with Kner’s description and Berg’s account, we believe it safest to follow Berg and record them as 7. nasus Kner. We regard this as perhaps justifiable also from the fact that P. suborbitalis is from a region widely remote from that of the pres- ent species. The type of 7. nasus was from Rio Cuyaba, in southwest Brazil, a tributary of the Parana flowing into La Plata. Other speci- mens of Weyenbergh and Berg were from the provinces of Cordoba and Salta, respectively. Ours were taken, perhaps in Rio Primero, Cordoba, or perhaps in some of the tributary waters of the Rio Negro or possibly from aa Plata. “aU eber einige neue mae seltene Fish- aioe aus ee La Plata, eake Ak. Wiss. Wien, XLI, 1879, p. 20, n. 1, pl: m1, fig: 3. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. pcxxxvu, ‘Hist. Nat. Poiss., XXII, 1849, p. 51, pl. pcxxxvu, Maracaibo, No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 81 Our 2 specimens present the following characteristics: Total length in inches, 1.87 and 1.68; head, 4.44 and 4.35 in length without caudal; depth 5 and 4.11; 3.6 and 4.25 eye in head; snout 3 and 3.4; scales 6-39-4 and 5-39-5; D. 11 and 10; A. 8; P. 15. Color, after preservation first in formalin and later in alcohol, brownish olive; from 7 to 9 large dark spots along side of back and about 17 or 18 upright oblong dark spots along side, coalescing more or less on lateral line, making a sort of irregular lateral stripe; belly pale; fins all pale. 17. ASTYANAX FASCIATUS / (Cuvier). MOJARRA. Tetragonopterus fasciatus CuvieR, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat., V, 1819, p. 352, pl. xxv1, fig. 2, rivers of Brazil.E1GrenmMann and Bray, Ann. N. Y. Ac. Sci., VII, 1892, pp. 94, 634. In our collection from Rio Primero, Cordoba, there are examples from about 1.65 to 3.12 inches in total length. In the majority of individuals, after preservation in formalin, there is a narrow lateral plumbeous, black stripe widening toward the tail, where it becomes a large black spot, from which the black extends upon the middle rays of caudal; a vertically oblong spot on shoulder, in some instances extending nearly to pectoral. The dorsal and anal are sometimes tipped with dusky; dorsal origin a little behind insertion of ventrals; pectoral reaching quite to ventral and ventral nearly or quite to anal; a silvery lateral stripe which is indistinct in some lights and very dis- tinct in others; no shoulder spot evident; a very faint duskiness indi- cates a caudal spot; flap of skin on base of each dorsal ray mentioned by Jenyns in 7) rutilus, white. Proportional measurements of Astyanax fasciatus. Head im engt Eye in Inter- Benet : ee at Depth. Headeen @onnicale Scales. Dorsal. | Anal. caudal. | | | BME 2.81 3. 00 | 3.00 | 6-86-5 10 20 3. 66 2. 66 3.00 | 3.00 | 787-5 10 21 3.41 2.73 3.00 | 3.00 8-35-5 | 10M) Seat 3.77 2.96 D7 aa | don TD 7-87-5 | TORS eo 3. 56 2. 92 2.87 2.87 7-37-5 | i |} a 3.77 2. 67 2.75 2.44 7-35-5, | 10° ee ot 3.41 2. 64 3. 00 3. 00 735-5 | Oey peeerol 3.52 3.08 2:62 | 3300 7-35-5 | OES ee 22 4.25 3.09 2.90 | 2.66 7-37-6 | LO} Seen 4.29 2.70 3.09 | 2.42 7-37-6 | 10 | 25 | | | | | @ According to arecent note from Dr. Eigenmann, he is of the opinion that 2 species are represented among the specimens here identified as A. fasciatus—one being this species, the other unrecognized. We are unable to discover any specific differences. 82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI, 18. ASTYANAX RUTILUS (Jenyns). Tetragonopterus rutilus JENYNS, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Fish, 1842, p. 125, pl. xxm, fig. 2, Rio Parana. —E1GENMANN and EIGENMANN, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1891 (1892), p. 52 (Cauca; Canelos; Ecuador; Rio San Francisco to Rio Plata [Xamapa, Mexico]). The present collection contains 3 specimens, the definite locality of which is unknown. Proportional measurements of Astyanax rutilus. Head | J : Long Total in < Length | Length : . Longest anal length | length Eye in|, ws Dorsal sO Anal of pec- | ventral in with- Depth. head. Snout. | Scales. rays. Tee rays. TAY | toral in in . : head. in inches.|} out ‘ head. | head. head. caudal.| 5 4,29 eral 3.00 4.80 | 7-39-6 10 1 Poti NealaAl 1.09 | 1.41 4.62 4.36 2.90 3.14 4.40 | 8-38-6 10 | Longer. 27 | 1.69 12s) 46 4.43 4.34 2.69 3.15 4.55 | 8-39-6 10 | Longer. 25 | 1.46 UO | a6 es 19. ASTYANAX CORDOV4& (Giinther). MOJARRA, Tetragonopterus cordove GUNTHER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., VI (5th ser.), 1880, p. 21, Rio de Cordoba. There are 13 specimens in the present collection from Rio Primero, Province of Cordoha, 10 of them presenting the following proportional measurements, scale and fin-ray counts: Proportional measurements of Astyanax cordove. Z Head in | Total eas : Inter- length in lenge Depth. Eye in | Snout in orbital in) Scales. Dorsal. Anal, inches, | Without head. | head. Heil caudal. | | 3. 43 3. 89 3. 21 3.80 | 3.80 eal 9-43-9 10 27 3. 12+ 3.82 | 3.19 3.88 | 4.37 2.50 9-46-9 10 27 3.12 3.82 | 3. 25 3.40 | 3.77 2.42 8-44-9 10 26 3. 12+ 3. 82 3. 25 3.77 | 3.77 2.42 9-42-8 10 28 3.37 4.00 3.27 4.00 | 4.00 2.57 9-46-8 10 29 3.18 3. 61 3.09 3340) 4 cose esisalemieitasieeee 9-44-9 10 28 3. 06 4. 06 38.35 AQ \saueresoae 2.35 840-8 10 28 3. 25 4.18 3.35 Boba) NeeconcaasS 2. 28 9-45-9 10 30 3.56 3. 89 3. 36 SuSOias |e shee ee 2.53 9-42-9 10 27 3. 25 3.78 3.33 4.11 | Somes eee 2. 64 9-42-8 10 30 Origin of dorsal over insertion of ventral; ventral reaching vent; pectoral not reaching ventral. 20. ASTYANAX IHERINGII (Boulenger). Tetragonopterus theringii BouLENGER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., XIX, 5th ser., 1887, p. 172, San Lorenzo, Rio Grande do Sul. Three specimens in the present collection measuring about 2.44 to 3 inches in total length; probably came from Rio Primero, Cordoba. No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 53 Body comparatively deep; dorsal outline more strongly arched than ventral, beginning rather abruptly at occiput; greatest depth in a line beginning immediately in front of dorsal; dorsal high, about equal to length of head, somewhat behind line of insertion of ventral; pectoral reaching ventral, ventral to vent. Color, after preservation in formalin, then in aleohol, straw with silvery luster, with dusky punctulations on edges of scales above lat- eral line, especially pronounced on back; a diffuse silvery lateral stripe; a faint dusky shoulder spot, none on caudal peduncle; mem- branes of dorsal and anal and sometimes caudal finely punctulated with dusky, making the fins dusky when depressed. Proportional measurements of Astyanax iheringii. Head in Total length . Eye in : Inter- eae ¥ . length. | without Depth. endl Snout. oro Seales. Dorsal. Anal. caudal. 76 4.33 2.82 3. 00 Sat 3.00 6-37-5 9 19 a6s 4.46 2.90 2.88 4.33 2.88 6-387-5 9 18 62 4.16 2.94 3. 00 4.00 3. 00 7-37-5 9 17 a Two adipose dorsals. 21. ASTYANAX EIGENMANNI Evermann and Kendall, new species. Head 4.2 in length without caudal; depth 3.15; eye 3 in head; snout 4.28; interorbital 2.72; D. 8; A. 17; scales 6-39-4. General form Fig. 1.—ASTYANAX EIGENMANNI. (From the type.) somewhat oblong-elliptical; dorsal and ventral curyes similar, the dorsal slightly concave at occiput; 12 scales along median line of back from occiput to front of dorsal; origin of dorsal considerably behind ver- tical from insertion of ventrals; height of anterior rays of dorsal about 1.15 in head; pectoral reaching base of ventral; ventral scarcely reaching origin of anal; length of anal base about equal to length of 84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. hes id, the height of anterior rays about 1.5 in head; external rays of ventral and anterior rays of anal scabrous; head short eye compara- tively large; snout short and somewhat blunt; lower Jaw much shorter than upper; 3 teeth on inner surface of upper end of maxillary; 2 rows of teeth on premaxillaries and 1 on mandible; all teeth 3-pointed, the middle point largest. Color, after preservation in formalin, then in alcohol, light greenish eray; an indistinct, broad silvery lateral stripe; an indistinct, vertical, dusky shoulder spot; no spot on caudal peduncle; tips of dorsal, anal and caudal rays faintly dusky. Type.—No. 55570, U.S.N.M., a specimen about 3 inches long (76 mm.) from Rio Primero, Province of Cordoba. Cotype.—No. 11071, Ind. Univ. Mus., about 2.87 inches (73 mm.) in total length; head 4.06: depth 3.21; eye 3.338; shout 4,28; interorbital 3; D.9; A. 18; scales 6-387-5. Ventral reaching vent. Color similar to type, the lateral silvery stripe more distinct; shoulder spot fainter; anterior half of anal membrane dusky between the rays. Named for Dr. Carl H. Eigenmann, in recognition of his valuable work on the Characins. 22. KIPHORHAMPHUS JENYNSII Giinther. Hydrocyon hepsetus, JENYNS, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p. 128 (Maldonado); not of Cuvier. - Zviphorhamphus jenynsii GUNTHER, Cat., V, 1864, p. 356 (after Hydrocyon hepsetus, Jenyns). Our collection contains 2 specimens of Xiphorhamphus which agree very well with Jenyns’ description of /7/ydrocyon hepsetus, which species Giinther has considered distinct from ZZ. hepsetus of Cuvier and has described under. the name AX%phorhamphus jenynsit. Kigenmann and Eigenmann“ include XY. jenyns7/ in the synonymy of Xx. hepse tus Cuvier, the reason for which we are not able to understand. X. jenynsii has fewer anal rays and fewer scales in longitudinal series. The following data are given by Jenyns: Length 4.25 Paci head in length without caudal 3.5; depth 3.5; eye in head not quite 4; D. 11; A. 25; seales 57 or 58-16. : The corresponding measurements in our 2 specimens are: Total length 8.75 and 8.87 inches; head 3.71 and 3.73 in length without caudal; depth 3.30 and 3.36; eye 5.15 and 5 in head; snout 3.76 and 3.75; D. 11; A. 25; scales 10-55-6 and 10-56-6; in the first the upper profile of the head slopes straight from the nape, in the second this outline is somewhat concave; teeth on the maxillary of uniform size; large on premaxillary and in front of lower jaw; longest dorsal ray 1.32 and 1.40 in head; longest anal ray 1.88 and 1.45 in head; pectoral 1.82 and 1.45; ventral 1.75 and 1.80. @Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XIV, p. 58. No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL 85 Color in : aleohol: Top of head olive: black blaish g gray; side sily ery; trace of spot on caudal peduncle and shanks: when scales are removed; dusky punctulations on tip of dorsal and anal rays anteriorly; middle caudal rays dusky. 23. CYNODON VULPINUS (Agassiz. ) Rhaphiodon vulpinus AGAssizin Spix, Pise. Brasil., 1829, p.77, ‘‘ Habitat in Brasilive fluyiis ”’ Cynodon vulpinus AGassiz in Spix, Pisc. Brasil., 1829, pl. xxvi.—CasTELNAv, Anim. Nouy. Exped. I’ Amer. Sud, Poiss., 1855, p. 75, pl. xxxrx, fig. 1 (Ama- zon; Ucayale).—Prrueia, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 649 (La Plata; Santa Fe; Ascuncion, Paraguay ). There are 5 specimens in the present collection; definite locality unknown, probably from the market at Buenos Aires. Proportional measurements of Cynodon vulpinus. : | | Maxil- | | | | | | | Head in| ee | Length aes | lary in- Pecto- : | Pal eel Depth. | even | Snout. | cluding erica | ralin | vor | Seales. | por | Anal. inches. Penida cael premax- | length. = [eles | | | | illary. | | | | 8 5.10 eo eAnOoe lle sat0 1,42 1-39") 6:09 | 3.70 125 DL 4) 8. 25 | 5. 07 5. 51 | 3.16 | 3.80 1.40 1540. lee ss alseeen coc tee Ose eel 41 8.12 5. 28 5.78 | 5 3.18 1.40 1629) Mem aaccce pees 1308 = oUt 45 | ted | Ds028 eb 167 5 3.50 1.40 NAO Gh M4E AON Ie Semiesice | 125 11 40 | 5. 87 4,93 ee 5.54 4.50 3.75 142 Te 3D aa Sassaeleseeseee | 120+) 11 44 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Family SILURID2. 24. RHAMDIA HILARII (Cuvier and Valenciennes). Pimelodus hilariti Cuvier and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XV, 1840, p. 180, Rio San Francisco; Montevideo. Rhamdia hilarvi, LtrKen, Velhas-Flodens Fiske, 1875, p. 174, and text figure (Lagua Santa; Rio San Francisco).—ErGENMANN and EIGENMANN, Occ. Pap. Cal. Ac. Sci., I, 1890, p. 181 (Rio San Francisco and its tributaries; Porto Alegri south to Rio Plata). Two specimens from Buenos Aires, from which the following notes were taken: 1. Length without caudal 12.75 inches. Head about 3.57 in length without caudal; greatest width of head 1.54 in its length; snout about 1.67; eye 9.5 in head, 3 in snout, or 3.33 in interorbital; interorbital 2.85 in head; gillrakers 3+10 on each side; fontanelle extending a little beyond eye; occipital process reaching about halfway to dorsal; D. I, 7; distance from dorsal to adipose about 10 in length of adipose, 4.5 in base of dorsal; A. 10. 2. Length without caudal 12.5 inches. Head about 3.7 in length without caudal; width of head about 1.58 in its length; interorbital 2.84; snout 3.17; eye about 8.3 in head, 2.61 in snout, and about 2.92 in interorbital; gillrakers 3+8 on the right side and 3+7 on the left; 86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. fontaneile a little beyond eye; top of head somewhat rougher than in the preceding specimen; D. I, 7; distance from dorsal to adipose 8.66 in length of adipose, 2.4 in base of dorsal; A. 10. 25. LUCIOPIMELODUS PATI (Cuvier and Valenciennes). PAT; PATI. Pimelodus pati Cuyter and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XV, 1840, p. 176 Parana; La Plata; Corrientes; Buenos Aires.—VALENCIENNES in D’Orbigny, Voy. Amer. Merid., V, 1847, p. 7; Atlas, pl. 1, figs. 7-8 (Corrientes).—Prrv- aia, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 631 (‘‘Rio della Plata’’). Luciopimelodus pati, KIGENMANN and E1GENMANN, Occ. Pap. Cal. Ac. Sci., I, 1890, p. 106 (Rio Plata; Rio Branco near British Guiana). One specimen, total length 18.75 inches. Head 3.67 in length; depth 5.22; eye 13.5 in head, 2.75 in interorbital, 6.75 in snout; snout about 2 in head; interorbital 3.09 in width of head; maxillary barbel 1.59 in length without tail; postmental barbel 1.98, mental 1.12 in head; pectoral 1.15; ventral 1.75; dorsal I, 6, height 3.11 in head; anal 11; adipose 2.95 in length without caudal, ity height 11.33 in its length 26. PSEUDOPIMELODUS ZUNGARO (Humboldt), MANGURUYN. Pimelodus zungaro HumpBoupt, Observations, II, 1833, p. 170, pl. xiv1, fig. 1. Pseudopimelodus zungaro, EK1GENMANN and EIGENMANN, Occ. Pap. Cal. Ac. Sci., I, 1890, pp. 110, 112 (Rio Plata; Rio Magdalena and the region between). One specimen 15.25 inches total length. Head wider than long, 3.61 in length without caudal; width of head about 3.4 in length without caudal; eye 17.6 in head, 8.4 in interor- bital; maxillary barbel 1.42 in head; length of base of adipose 2 in head: SDE WG AS! Family PYGIDID. 27. PYGIDIUM AREOLATUM (Cuvier and Valenciennes). ANGUILLA. Trichomycterus areolatus Cuyirr and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X VIII, 1846, p. 492, Riviere de San Jago. Pygidium areolatum, EtGENMANN and E1GENMANN, Oce. Pap. Cal. Ac. Sci., I, 1890, p. 330 (Mapocho, Chile).—Brre, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV, 1895, p. 143 (Catamarca). Nineteen specimens, 2.18 to 6.5 inches long, easily referable to this species. In some of the proportional measurements there is consider- able individual variation not depending upon the size of the fish, which the following table indicates. Six of these were labeled from Rio NO. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 87 Comajo, Territory of Newquen, one from a tributary of Lake Traful, two from a small tributary of the Limay, and the rest were without label, but were probably from one or another of these places. Proportional measurements of Pygidium areolatum. vw 1 . : ma Cc He d—| o | a ie} be B 5 = O.8 S| 0.5 is Oo Dal | a 4 a: = =o lasFrlaAd+ Ei ieee | aah We sesces a |ds ag S| Saale aeceleS &. laselgse 2 ae e = st 3 a Dc @d | 25/50] Lengthofdorsal| _ 53 Bs a & os 5 gg) es S |. "SE oS] base compared | ¥ | . Seo & = 2 e = |‘acg|oS lofctio= || with head. a |e o Es 5 z = a a rice a ors ops Ei cay Soest es |e | a | halt | l\soelson ene ae | A ica) n a ZS eee eee a AQ l|ld_ 6.50 | 5.64 | 6.43 | 10 2.08 | 3.33 | 2.27 | 1.56 | 1.31 | 1.92 | 1.93 | 1.54 | Little longer...| 14 | 7 6.50 | 5.94 | 6.43 | 10 2.17 | 3.33 | 2.50 | 1.42 | 1.38 | 1.85 } 1.86 | 1.52 quale escesens NTA 6.12 | 5.70 | 6.22 | 9.6 | 2.00 | 3.20 | 2.00 | 1.54 | 1.26 | 1.71 | 1.88 | 1.53 | Little longer...| 16 | 7 Ban orel | ede eg ZOOM Porta |e2,09) | N4G ol dont. SOnl lordd | Le Ad, eee dome teete: GN era, 4,37 | 5.82 | 6.66 | 11.33 | 2.12 | 3.09 | 2.00 | 1.3 1 S05) SGU) 164) 50) Hignialsee ase 15 |7 Srey 5:04 | 6:73 | 6:2 | 2.38 | 4.87 | 2.58 | 1.55 | 1.29 |...--- lp) | con eeneeace aan 18 | 7 TOMO OS|hea= fiesta ote 2.18 | 3.42 | 2.01 | 1.50 | 1.33 | 2 1,74 | 1.56 | Little longer...| 15 | 7 In the synonymy of this species, Berg includes 7. maculatus, Girard (part), 7. cordovensis Weyenbergh, and 7. tenuis Weyenbergh. 28. PYGIDIUM CORDOVENSIS (Weyenbergh). Trichomycterus cordovensis WEYENBERGH, Act. Acad. Nac. Cien. Buenos Aires, III, Pt. I, 1877, p. 11, pl. m1, figs. 1 and 2, ‘‘Rio Primero y acequias de Cordoba.”’ Trichomycterus tenwis WEYENBERGH, Act. Acad. Nac. Cien. Buenos Aires, III, Pt. I, 1877, p. 12, pl. 1m, figs. A, B, C., ‘‘Laguna en la Sierra de Cordoba, cerca de la Villa Cruz-del-Eje.”’ Trichomycterus tenuis and Trichomycterus cordovensis, EIGENMANN and EKIGENMANN, Occ. Pap. Cal. Ac. Sci., I, 1890, p. 326. Pygidium areolatum, Brera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 148 (Cordoba); in part. Berg regards this species and P. tenuis (Weyenbergh) as specifically identical with P. arcolatum (Cuvier and Valenciennes). Eigenmann and EKigenmann list these two among others as ‘*‘ doubtful species of Pygidium.” They remark: ‘‘As most of the young of the species of Pygidium are very much alike in coloration, and usually entirely dif- ferent from the adult, we are compelled to place here most of the species based on young individuals, unless they were collected together with large individuals.” We have 2 specimens easily referable to Pygidium tenuis; we also have somewhat larger young of 7. aveolatum, which are certainly different from P. cordovensis according to the description of that species hy Weyenbergh. We can observe no essential differences other than those that may be due to size between /. cordovensis and P. tenuis as shown by the descriptions and figures. The most pro- nounced difference is in the greater length of the barbels in 2. cordo- vensis. Disregarding this, 7. tenw/s may be regarded as the young of P. cordovensis. 88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Regarding 7. tenuis, Weyenbergh states that he is inclined to believe it to represent a new genus, but the lack of literature forces him to treat the subject with caution. He therefore provisionally describes the species under the generic name of Zrychomycterus. The most important specific characters given by him are the following: D. 6; A. 5; P. 8; V. 6; C. 10. Color: Dusky gray, with dull yellow belly, and yellowish fins; base of caudal dusky. It was found in a little lake in the Sierra de Cordoba, near the town of Cruz-del-Eje. Length of largest individual 3 cm. (about 1.18 inches). The figure represents a fish similar to ours in color. The most important points given in Weyenbergh’s description of P. cordovensis are as follows: Dai eA Os eos Vato Olas Color: Clear sepia; fins colorless excepting middle of caudal which is dusky or plumbeous; some have dusky spots or wavy markings on the back and are somewhat dusky about the lateral line; belly pale; top of head with a dusky spot between the eye and upper barbel; this barbel dusky, the others pale. Length of largest indi- vidual 8 cm. (about 3.12 inches). Regarding the habitat and habits of the fish Weyenbergh says that— This little fish is caught in the Rio Primero and in the channels of Cordoba, where it searches for aquatic insects, especially larvee of the friganids. It moves about amongst the rocks with remarkable swiftness, emptying the shells of the larvee mentioned, constructed of gravel and stuck to the larger rocks; it is difficult to catch, since it disappears and conceals itself under the rocks and in the mud at the first sign of danger. Description of the larger of our specimens: Total length 1.75 inches. Head 4.75 in length without caudal; eye 10.6 in head; snout 2.66; longer maxillary barbels about 2 in head; nasal barbel scarcely reach- ing front of eye; depth of body 7.60 in length without caudal; first pectoral ray somewhat produced, its total length 1.23 in head; length without produced ray 1.45 in head; base of ventral a little in advance of origin of dorsal; D. 9, its base 2 in head; A. 6, its origin immedi- ately under last ray of dorsal; length of anal base 2.66 in head; dis- tance from posterior base of anal to lower base of caudal equaling length of head; caudal emarginate. Small example: Total length 1.62 inches. Head 5; eye 7; snout 2.80, and longest maxillary barbel 2 in head; nasal barbel just reach- ing front of eye; depth of body 8.75 in length without caudal; first pectoral ray somewhat produced, about 1.16 in head; without pro- duced ray, pectoral fin 1.40 in head; base of ventral somewhat in advance of origin of dorsal; D. 9, its pase 1.75 in head; A. 6, its origin under posterior end of dorsal, its base 2.14 in head; distance from posterior base of anal to lower base of caudal a little greater than length of head. No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 89 The coloration of both specimens is essentially the same. Back dusky from thick punctulations; a dusky stripe on side of back from nape along base of dorsal to its posterior end; below this a narrow stripe of straw, with dusky punctulations, to base of caudal; again, > below this, along lateral line, a sharply defined black stripe to base of caudal, continued on the caudal fin as a dusky shade; side -below abruptly pale, probably white in life; fins all pale; barbels dusky; head dusky above and on snout, to a little below eye; abruptly pale below. Locality unknown; perhaps from Rio Primero, Cordoba. The most pronounced differences between P. cordovensis and LP. areolatum are: P. cordovensis has a considerably longer head; first pectoral ray produced; pectoral length without produced ray shorter; distance from tip of snout to origin of dorsal in length without tail is some- what less, 1.66 to 1.69 in head; length of dorsal base very much shorter; dorsal rays fewer; anal rays fewer; and a great difference in coloration. Family LORICARIID 4. 29. PLECOSTOMUS CORDOV Giinther. Plecostomus cordove GinxtTHER, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., II (5th ser.), 1880, p. 11. Cordoba.—EIGENMANN and EI1GENMANN, Occ. Pap. Cal. Ac. Sci., I, 1890, pp. 357 and 409 (Bon Jardin on the Rio San Francisco; Port Alegra).—REGAN, Monogr. Loricariidz, 1904, p. 212, pl. 1x, fig. 3 (Cordoba). Ginther had 1 specimen, 9.5 inches long, from Cordoba, as the type of this species. We have 7 specimens, 3.75 to 13.5 inches long, from Rio Primero, Province of Cordoba, which agree essentially with Giinther’s de- scription. The principal difference is in the coloration of the fins. According to Giinther, ‘Seach ray of the caudal and pectoral is crossed by a number of short black streaks, whilst the dorsal fin is crossed by 6 or 7 black zigzag stripes.” In our examples the fins are all spotted; membranes of all fins excepting caudal with round and elliptical spots in rows on each side of and close to each ray, arranged pinnately in relation to the ray; only the first ray of each of these fins with spots; in the ‘caudal the spots are on the rays only, sometimes extending on the membrane, making short crossbars. If the dorsal is not fully expanded the spots have somewhat the appearance of zigzag stripes; in the smallest 2 examples the spots of all the fins coalesce to some extent, and in the dorsal, especially in the smallest specimens, are actually cross stripes. In the smallest specimen the spinules on the posterior edge of the lateral plates are proportionally larger than in the larger examples. 90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. The plates counted in the series in the middle line of body are uni- formly 28, in the series just below the dorsal, 30; the dorsal formula is always I, 7, and the anal rays 5. There are minute spines on the edge of the opercle; dorsal base considerably shorter than the distance from posterior dorsal ray to adipose, pectoral reaching somewhat beyond base of ventral and the ventral a little beyond anal. The accompanying table shows some unimportant variation in pro- portional measurements according to the size of the individual: Proportional measurements of Plecostomus cordove. Head ae ; - cont Total in Width | Eyein} « nter- ong- jestana he length | length | pyeaq_p Of head|interor- Bnou orbital est dor-| ray in pee ey in with- LOSO4 Thal hist ||| lai eal in sal in | long- he ALG inches. jout cau- lengtha| width. ead.” | head. b| head. alest dor-| “°"°: dal.a | | sal ray. 13.5 3585) |) 4558 i183 4,54 1.34 QOD eS 1.73 1.15 11.12 3.70 | 4.26 1.13 5. 00 1. 26 Dre enieeeLeL: 1.74 1.30 11 3.70 4. 26 1.09 4.20 1.30 AT ele 1.79 1.30 10.5 3. 62 4.34 E32 4.20 2 2. 23 1.07 1.67 1.24 9.5 3. 62 4,22 1.08 3. 80 1,25 2.31 L206" eezancee 1.17 6. 87 3. 51 | 4.00 | 1.08 3. 87 1.36 2.19 1.14 2,12 1,21 3. 81 3.00 Srl Ss 3.33 1.35 2.10 1.44 1.80 1,58 | | a Head measured from tip of snout to end of occiput. b Head measured from tip of snout to upper end of gill-opening. Family GYMNOTID 4. 30. EIGENMANNIA VIRESCENS (Valenciennes). PEZ-ESPADA OR MACHETA. Sternarchus virescens, VALENCIENNES in D’Orbigny, Voy. Amer. Merid., 1847, Pt. 2, V, p. 11, pl. xm, fig. 2—Weryenseran, Act. Acad. Nac. Cien. Cordova, III, 1877, p. 6 (Las Aguas de Santa Fe). Eigenmannia virescens, EIGENMANN and Kennepy, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1903, p. 530 (Matto Grosso or Asuncion, Arroyo Trementina).—ErGENMANN and Warp, Proc. Wash. Ac. Sci., VII, 1905, p. 5 (Rio Magdalena to Rio de la Plata, east of the Andes). We have one specimen which we identify as this species, although it disagrees slightly with the descriptions. It is a female 13.75 inches long, full of ripe eggs. Head in total length about 12.94; depth 8.8; tail from posterior base of anal about 3.92 in total length; eye 4.25 in head; snout 28.3; pectoral about 1.13 in head; anal rays 232; scales on lateral line to opposite posterior base of anal 123. Family POSCILIUD ZA. 31. CNESTERODON DECEMMACULATUS (Jenyns). Pecilia decem-maculatus JenyNns, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p. 115, Maldonado. Girardinus decemmaculatus, Peruata, Ann. Mus. Ciy. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 253 (La Plata). No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. ot Cnesterodon decemmaculatus, GARMAN, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., XIX, No. 1, 1895, p. 44, pl. v, fig. 13, teeth; pl. vin, fig. 16, male (Uruguay River, Maldonado).—Berra, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, V, 1897, p. 290 (Argen- tina; Uruguay; Brazil; Meridional). According to Jenyns, one specimen taken by Charles Darwin at Maldonado, in a lake that had been suddenly drained, was 1.33 inches in total length, and the vertical fin formule were D. 8; A. 10. One of our 3 specimens, 1 inch long, without caudal (which is broken off), and another about 1.18 total length are females containing well-grown embryos; D. 8 and A. 8 in each; scales 29 or 30-8. Berg says that it is very abundant in quiet waters of the Province of Buenos Aires and eastern Ecuador. He gives the dorsal and anal formule as D. 8; A. 9 or 10; and the scales as 29 to 31-8 or 9. Family GALA XIIDZ. 32. GALAXIAS MACULATUS (Jenyns). Mesites maculatus JeENyNs, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p. 119, pl. xx1r, fig. 4, Hardy Peninsula, Tierra del Fuego; River Santa Cruz, Patagonia. Galaxiasmaculatus, GUNTHER, Cat., VI, 1866, p. 212(Tierradel Fuego; Patagonia) .— Prervera, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 654 (‘‘ Lago e torrenti di Porto Cook’’).—Puinieri1, Verhand-Deutsch. Wiss. Santiago de Chile, III, 1895, p. 21 (Valdivia and Chile).—Dertrry, Revista Chilena Hist. Nat., III, 1901, p. 33 (Puerto Mont, Valdivia; Tierra del Fuego; Malvinas i Puerto Santa Cruz, Patagonia).—STErnpAcHNER, Abhandl. Kent. Zool. Chil., I, 1898, p. 328 (‘‘ Rio Pescado, Punta Arenas, Magellanstrasse’’ ). Eighteen specimens from 1.5 to 2.66 inches in total length; 12 adults most of which are gravid females, and 6 young, collected Novem- ber 23, 1903, in Lake Nahuel Huapi. The adults are clouded and marked with large spots, which consist of groups of fine dusky dots. The young are colorless or with a few very fine dusky dots, thickest on the back and along the bases of the vertical fins. Proportional measurements of Galaxias maculatus. eee aera | 2S bo oe Fae oe a,| 83 aia aa wo | “38 - SIOIOey es ove aq 2 D> aot i ey s OS) Ar a ne Tego mess : = pele ors Sor naar || ss ra el ie 5 | a Sas | sag ; Ses alee ailoead SB iva Legees lier ZA |e mel ea 4 D a a 1 | 2.62 | 4.72) 8.42 | 3.57 | 4.16 10 | 15 2.57 2.36 | Female. 2 | 2.56 | 4.56} 6.70 | 3.33 | 3.33 9 | 13 2, 28 2.18 Do. By ib25387 |) 438.|| 5:47 4.100) 4.00") In) 14 2. 50 2.20 Do. 4} 2.25) 4.16] 4.54 | 3.66 | 3.66 10.5 | 14 2. 46 2.18 Do. 5 | 2.18 | 5.44] 6.12 | 3.00} 4.5 rien ees 2. 50 2.75 Do. 6 | 2.12 | 4.27] 5.87 | 3.66 | 3.66 TT aL 2.70 2.50 | Male. 7 | 1.87 | 4.44 | 3.63 | 3.60 | 4.50 10 14 | 2. 00 2.50 (?) 8 | 1.62 | 4.50 | 12 3.20 | 3.20 LO es: 2. 22 2.00 | Young. OE: 4.71 | 9.42 | 2.80 | 3.50 10 | 14 2. 22 2.33 Do. 10 | 1.5 4.85 | 9.70 | 2.80 | 3.50 10 | 14 2. 22 2.33 Do. bo PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXXI. 33. GALAXIAS TITCOMBI Evermann and Kendall, new species. Head + in length without caudal; depth 5.94; eye 4.23 in head; snout 3.92; D. 10; A. 11; snout bluntish; eye moderate, slightly shorter than snout; dorsal outline arching slightly from occiput, thence nearly straight to front of dorsal; height of dorsal 8.56 in length with- out caudal, its base about 2.20 in head, the first rays when depressed not reaching tip of last rays; distance from tip of snout to origin of dorsal about 1.46 in length without caudal; height of anal about 8.46 in same length, its base about 2.20 in head, the tips of first rays not reaching tips of last when depressed; eee from tip of snout to anal origin about 1.32 in length without caudal; pectoral short, rounded; ventral very short, about 2.5 in head, the distance from its origin to base of pectoral about 3.35 in length without caudal, and distance from its origin to point of anal about 5.25 in same length: caudal deeply emarginate. Color, very pale gray, sightly more dusky on back from chide minute punctulations; irregular groups of black dots on side extending Fic. 2.—GALAXIAS TITCOMBI. (From the type.) not quite to belly, giving a clouded effect and the appearance of broken and entire crossbars; belly pale with very few dots in front of ventral; a row of black dots from base of each ventral to each side of vent; fins pale, with some punctulations, head thickly punctulated above, on snout, and on side about to level of upper jaw, abruptly pale below. Type.—Cat. No. 55571, U.S.N.M., a specimen 5.62 inches long, col- lected December 13, 1903, by Mr. John W. Titcomb, from Rio Traful near Lake Traful, Argentina. We take pleasure in naming this interesting species for Mr. John W. Titcomb, assistant in charge Division of Fish Culture, United States Bureau of Fisheries, under whose direction the present collec- tion of fishes was made. We have a second specimen (cotype, No. 1439, Bureau of Fisheries) which may be briefly described as follows: Total length about 2.5 inches. Head 4.15 in length without caudal; depth 6.75; eye 4.33 in head; snout 3.71; D. 10; A. 10, its height 7.71 in length without caudal; pectoral rounded, Shan 1.85 in head; ventral No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 93 e short, its height 2.16 in head. Coloration similar to that of the type, but the groups of spots forming somewhat more definite crossbars. Ten species of Galaxias are recorded from South American waters. These are founded upon specimens ranging from 2 or 3 to 13 inches in length. It is not improbable that some of these nominal species may be based on characters due to differences in size and age, and therefore not of specific value. It is not impossible that the present species is the young of some known species, but the data available do not show it. It is closely related to G. maculatus (Jenyns), as indicated by specimens before us which we have identified as that species. It is also close to G. alpinus Smitt“ from R. Azopardo, Admiralty Sound. Smitt suggests the possibility of G. alpinus being identical with G. maculatus, or G. coppingeri (Ginther), saying **The length of the head prevents me calling this fish Galaxv/as maculatus, and the length of the ventrals, compared with the post-abdominal, is very much greater than in Galaxias coppingeri, as described by Giinther. Nevertheless I am of the opinion that the difference in this respect may be transitory.” Our specimens differ from @. maculatus chiefly inthe blunter snout, smaller eye, usually higher dorsal and anal, fewer anal rays, and some- what different coloration; the group of dots being more irregular and fewer, this giving the fish less of a clouded or marble appearance. From G. alpinus Smitt, it differs amongst other things, in having a much smaller eye, somewhat longer snout, higher anal, and much shorter pectoral compared with the length of the head, and there are fewer anal rays. Proportional measurements of species of Galaxias. Weel | | | ae; lou | |Q gis | eecu (ersievs 25 las a ie | j= 0 a la > \ar eles he ls ees | 3 igo | 3 Be & 33 5 | ao | o iso BS igo S - I | = BG 2d) = joPa! 2 19 ee |e !A x eee A, iA > |< ~ | | | | fre | > o Y, © € c > Galaxias titcombi....----- | 65 | 5.94 | 4 4,23 | 3.92 | 10 | 8.56 | 11 | 8.46 | 1.89 | 2.24 | 2.50] 1.61 | o4 | 6.75 [ars (4233) (37 | 10) | 7-77 10:| 7.71 | 1.85 | 2.42) 2.16) 1.62 Galaxias maculatus ...... Godse al 4avon ros 42) 3.42), 89.) S76. 14 Sta ee 2s aa 224001) 2500 60 | 5.7 | 4.33 | 4 | 4 lel 9.45 | 15 |} 9.45 | 2 2.33 | 2.40 | 2.20 Galaxias alpinus.......-. | 43 | 8.388 | 4.32 | 3.48 | 4.59] 10] (?) | 12] 9.91 | 1.69 | 2.18 | 2.01] 1.85 | 541-7.86 | 4.05'| 3.90 | 4.50 | 10 | 7.86 | 13 | 7.86 | 1.70 | 2.20 | 2.19) 1.35 | | | | @Poisson de L’ Expédition Scientifique 4 la Terre de Feu, Bihang till K. Svenska Vet.-Akad, Handlingar, X XIV, 1895-1897, p. 118, pl. x, figs. 40 and 40a. 94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Family ATHERINID A. ODONTESTHES Evermann and Kendall, new genus. Odontesthes Evermann and Kendall, new genus of Atherinidee (0. perugie). This genus differs from Basilichthys in having 2 rows of compara- tively long, sharp teeth on each jaw, and conspicuous vomerine teeth, instead of several series of fine sharp jaw teeth and no teeth on the vomer as in the latter genus. (od ovs, tooth and €o6ia, eat.) 34. ODONTESTHES PERUGIZ Evermann and Kendall, new species. Atherinichthys vomerina?, Perueaia, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 621 (Montevideo). Atherinichthys vomerina, Bere, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., 1,) 1895, p. 26 (Costa Patagonica; Mar del Plata, Montevideo); not Atherina vomerina CuviER and VALENCIENNES. Head 4.17 in length without caudal; depth 7.31; eye 4.66 in head, 1.08 in interorbital; snout 3.11; D. IV-8; A. 14; scales 50-10. Body comparatively slender, somewhat compressed, belly rounded; head flat above, scaleless; snout long, depressed, lower jaw slightly Fic. 3.—ODONTESTHES PERUGI®. (From the type.) shorter than the upper, with comparatively long, sharp, somewhat hook- ed teeth, in 2 rows in each jaw; somewhat smallar but similar teeth on head of vomer arranged in 3 groups, connected by a single row of still smaller, similar teeth; no teeth on palatines; eye moderate; scales entire; pectoral moderately long, 1.27 in head; posterior portion of first dorsal about over anterior portion of anal; second dorsal inserted posterior to middle of anal. Color (after preservation in formalin and later in alcohol), generally pale yellowish gray; a silvery stripe below spinous dorsal occupying lower part of fourth, whole of fifth and upper part of sixth scale of the tranverse series; marginand tip of snout black; few black dots on back, thickest on margins of scales posterior to dorsal; bases of posterior 5 dorsal rays dusky; extremity of caudal broadly dusky, other fins pale. One specimen, the type, Cat. No. 55572, U.S.N.M., 5.62 inches long, Argentina; locality label lost; probably from fresh water. no. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 95 Named for Alberto Perugia, of the Natural History Museum of Genoa, in recognition of his work on South American fishes. Perugia describes a specimen from Montevideo as doubtfully Ather- inichthys vomerina Cuvier and Valenciennes. Atherina vomerina Cuvier and Valenciennes was from Mexico, and is now considered identical with A. humboldtiana of the same authors, and as belonging to the genus Chirostoma, with which the generic name Athérinichthys must be considered synonymous, since it was based on A. vomerina. Berg also records Atherinichthys vomerina, regarding which he says that it affects salt water, and is rarely found in the mouths of rivers and those lakes which have immediate communication with the Atlantic Ocean; that it is distinguished from other species which reach a con- siderable size in having 2 or 3 groups of small teeth on the vomer, in some examples, abnormally, a single group. He states that he had some examples in which the upper lobe of the caudal was the longer, and others with a triangular spot on the pectoral, and that the number of dorsal and anal spines and rays are very variable, giving the fin and scale formule as follows: D. IV to VII-9 to 11; A. 17 to 20; scales 48 to 56-10 or 11. In the synonymy of this species he includes A. vwomerina, Perugia. On page 27 of Berg’s Enumeracién he describes a new closely related species, from Mar del Plata, under the name Atherinichthys platensis, which differs from the present species principally in the number of scales, which he gives as about 70-15 or 16. This species evidently belongs in our genus Odontesthes and should stand as Odontesthes platensis (Berg). 35- BASILICHTHYS BONARIENSIS (Cuvier and Valenciennes). PEJERREY. Atherina bonariensis Cuvier and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1835, X, p. 469, Rio de la Plata, near Montevideo. Atherinichthys bonariensis, Perucia, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 620 (Laguna Ihera, near Corrientes).—Brrc, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 30 (Montevideo; Mal- donado; Mar Chiquita). According to Berg this species is rare in salt water, but abounds in the lakes and rivers, attaining a large size. He says that the species is distinguished from the others that he has mentioned (A. vomerina, A. platensis, A. microlepidotus, A. laticlavia, and A. argentinensis) principally by its smaller eye, which is contained 6 or 7 times in head, and the head about 4 in length of the fish. In our collection there are specimens from 4 to 21.5 inches long. The proportional size of the eye alone is an unreliable character, since it is somewhat in inverse ratio to the size of the fish. Proce. N. M. vol. xxxi—06——7 96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. B. bonariensis is distinguished from B. microlepidotus by the rather longer and sharper snout and larger scales. According to Mr. Titcomb the pejerreys are regarded in Argentina as the most valuable fresh-water fish of the country. They inhabit both fresh and salt water. During the winter months one species at least (B. bonariensis), is said to ascend the Rio de la Plata above Buenos Aires where it is caught by anglers with two or three hooks attached to one line very much as smelt are caught through’ the ice in the tidal rivers of New England. However, they do not have any ice in the Rio de la Plata. Mr. Titcomb found.this pejerrey in Lake Chascomus, about two hours’ railroad journey from Buenos Aires, where commercial fisheries have their existence. The Chascomus is almost a sea-level lake, having an outlet to the sea during periods of high water. The lake is shallow and is reported to have run dry on one occasion so that the fish were all exterminated. Apparently the pejerrey enter this lake from salt water for the purpose of spawning. The first examples seen in this lake were observed by Mr. Titcomb October 20, and he thinks the spawning season of the pejerrey in the latitude and elevation of Chascomus would be about the latter part of October and the early part of November. The water temperature in Chascomus Lake must become very high in midsummer, and the water is rather sluggish and roily. He next encountered the pejerrey (B. microlepidotus) in the Rio Negro in latitude 39°, south but found no spawning fish among them. They were seen at several points on the Rio Limay and its tributaries in the early part of November, and they were found spawning in tributaries of Lake Nuhuel Huapi in the latter part of November. The species seems to be fairly abundant in the Rio Limay and in tributaries of the lake. They evidently go to the lakes and enter the tributary streams for spawning purposes. At Lake Traful the pejerrey was found spawning December 13. It evi- dently spawns on a rising temperature. The wind blows for days at a time on these lakes in the Andes Mountains, sometimes for two weeks without ceasing. Apparently the fish in Lake Traful had been waiting for the wind to go down, and when it did go down the after- noon in question they entered the small bays for spawning purposes, where about 500 pounds were taken at one haul with a 100-foot Baird seine. Mr. Titcomb was informed by responsible persons that the pejerrey is found in waters of Argentina as far south as the Strait of Magellan. Both the trucha and pejerrey are said to be abundant in the latitude of Chile corresponding to those in which it is found in Argentina. Some of the fish enter rivers tributary to the lakes to spawn, and others select the shallow sandy bottoms of the lakes near the shore, but not necessarily in sheltered places. No. 1482. ARGENTINA PISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. a6 Both pejerrey and trucha, in ripe spawning conden: were ae quently caught in one and the same haul of the collecting nets. The pejerrey is quite as prolific as the trucha, its eggs ure capable of artificial fertilization, and the species can be artificially propagated. Since Mr. Titcomb’s return from Argentina the pejerrey has been propagated to a limited extent. The eggs were obtained from fish caught in Lake Chascomus, transferred to Buenos Aires and placed in McDonald jars. After eine eyed they were distributed in lakes not known to contain any fish and left to nature’s care. Fish Culturist Tulian, who was placed in charge of the work after the methods had been developed by Mr. Titcomb, states that when the eggs were thus placed in the lakes he sheltered them with a network of brush to keep away predaceous birds. He reports that he has heard from one of the lakes where these eggs were planted, that numbers of small fish have since been seen, and he believes the plant was a success. The eggs are quite adhesive in their nature, and should apparently be handled much like those of the pike perch. It is the policy of the present administration in Argentina to propagate the pejerrey on a large scale and distribute them in waters not now productive. The largest pejerrey seen by Mr. Titcomb was taken in Lake Traful and measured 48 em. long (probably B. mzcrolepidotus). Proportional measurements of Basilichthys bonariensis. ; Head in g | Total Bs Eye in ite eereen lengthin length Eye | Snout. | interor- | Scales. | Dorsal. | Anal. Pec toral : , | without | head, sig | in head. inches. asinaieil bital. | | | 21.5 4.15 7.43 2.97 2.18 61-14 VI-10 | 18 1.48 21.5 4,31 8. 21 3.10 2.49 | 60-14 V-11 LOTS} WAS | aE ey ae: 7 3.15 1.88 60-14 Wag). | 16s | ee ote 4 Callen | Stade ose 2 7.50 | 3.26 2 e414 viet || aiges|e esi S6 (@petlsecaseesec 6. 69 3.10 2.07 | 54-13 IV-10 | 18 | 1.24 12 | 4.83 5. 60 3. 06 1.8 55-12 IlI-9 18 1. 19 10.75 4,28 6. 22 3.06 1.55 56-14 V-10 YZ 1. 24 8.75 4.25 | 4.88 | 3.14 1.44 55-14 V-10 | 16 | 1.15 9. 84 4.10 6. 25 4.16 | 1.75 55-14 V-10 | 16 PLO) 7325) | 4.41 5. 50 3.38 1.62 50-14 ~v-10 | 17 1-10)=) a Deformed. = 36. BASILICHTHYS MICROLEPIDOTUS (Jenyns). PEJERREY DE MANILA; PEJERREY DE MALVINAS, Atherina microlepidota JeENyNs, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt.4, Fish, 1842, p. 78, pl. xvt, fig. 1, la, 1b, Valparaiso. Antherinichthys microlepidotus, Peruaia, Ann. Mus. Ciy. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 32 (Bocca del Rio Negro).—Berre, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 66 (Costa patogonica; Mar del Plata; Montevideo). Berg states that this species is usually small. Those that occur in Mar del Plata and Mar Chiquita measure usually from 15 to 17 cm. in length. He further says that according to Eigenmann and Eigen- 98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. mann it inhabits fresh water, but that he knows of it only in the mouth of rivers, in brackish water; for example, the Rio Negro in northern Patagonia. We have 24 specimens that we identify as tnis species from lakes Nahuel Huapi and Traful and from Nirihuahu, tributary of Rio Limay. Our specimens range in total length from 1.43 to 13.5 inches, agree- ing very well with Jenyns’ description and figure. The following table of proportional measurements indicates the range of variation in specimens of the various sizes: Proportional measurements of Basilichthys microlepidotus. | a4 a | | ee is | 3 oe d = (ce ei hes oS = Ss | gad a Locality. E ge & = | S 3 = S| eS | a) Sr tee Siar een ere a See ee eee S = 3 5 q | a 3 vo Sy > o > qd is] S 2 5 3 o 4 ae A a m2 5 ND A < Q a Uncertain 23-222 -s5--2e ese 13.5 4,92 | 4.92 | 5.72 | 3.31 | 2.86 76 VI-10 15} 1.23] 1.48 Hake! Prafullse-seeceane-ee 10.5 5. 5.22 | 4.70 | 3.35 | 2.93 7 III-10 15 | 120) eee IDO se. dase sn cee sees 7 By 126.1 | eS eS s7 bese 70 TT =10) Pe see ee ssl Soe DOS ete ee poe a0 4.78 | 7.33 | 3.53 | 3.28 | 3.53 70 V-10 15] 1.24) 1.39 Ose eee ae ea eeinenie 5.25 | 4.68 | 6.88 | 4.16 | 3.57 | 3.33 72 IV-10 15) eal eerste Lake Nahuel Huapi-.-.---- 6 4.94 | 5.69 | 4.07 | 3.55 | 3.31 72 | VII-10 15° |1526"|Seeeee ? Tributary Limay Basin-.- 3.62 | 4.78 | 7.18 | 8.30 | 3.30 | 3.66 70 V-10 15 | 1.26 | 1.37 | Family MUGILID. 37. MUGIL BRASILIENSIS Agassiz. LISA, Mugil brasiliensis AGasstz in Spix, Pise. Brasil., 1829, p. 134, pl. uxxi, Atlantic Ocean.—Bere, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 31 (Costa patagonica; Bahia Blanca, Mar del Plata, Cabo de San Antonio; Mon- tevideo; Maldonado). Mugil liza, Perueta, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 622 (Montevideo). Berg has shown that this species exhibits considerable variation in form according to the size of the fish, and in color according to the character of the water inhabited. It enters brackish and fresh water. The following notes taken from the 4 specimens representing this species from Rio de la Plata in our collection show some variation in proportional measurements in examples of about the same size: (1) Total length 12 inches; length without caudal 9.67 inches. Head 3.85 in length without caudal; interorbital 2.10 in head; D. IV—8; A. III, 8; scales 36 or 37, -12. (2) Total length 13 inches; length without caudal 11 inches. Head 4.09; interobital 1.79; D. IV—-8; A. III, 8; scales 35, —12. (3) Total length 13 inches; length without caudal 10.5. Head 4; interorbital 1.90; D. IV-8; A. ITI, 8; scales 35, -12. (4) Total length 13.5 inches; length without caudal 11. Head 4.09; interobital 1.95; D. IV-8; A. ILI, 8; scales 35, -12. No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 9 | Family SCOMBRID. 38. SCOMBER JAPONICUS Houttuyn. CABALLA, Scomber japonicus Hourruyn, Verhand. Holland. Maats. Weet. Haarl., XX, p. 21, Japan. Scomber colias GMELIN, Syst. Nat., I, 1788, Pt. 4, p. 13829, Sardinia. Scomber scombrus, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p- 40 (Mar del Plata; Montevideo). Regarding this species, which he believes to be S. scombrus, Berg says that the swimming bladder is absent, rendering the determination of the species absolutely certain, and that individuals have been observed with only 10 spines in the dorsal fin. According to Jordan and Evermann,‘ the dorsal fin formula of S. scombrus is XI-12 with 5 finlets; and of S. colias=japonicus, [X—-I, 12 and 5 or 6 finlets. Thus the number of dorsal spines given by Berg applies to the present spe- cies rather than to S. scombrus, yet the number of spines doubtless varies somewhat in both species. If the air-bladder is really absent, the fish mentioned by Berg was S. scombrus, but it may be that the air- bladder was overlooked, as it may easily be under certain circum- stances, especially when the viscera are somewhat macerated. Under these circumstances, and since the single specimen in our collection is undoubtedly S. japonicus, it is not improbable that Berg’s specimen also was of this species. Regarding its abundance, Berg states that it has been observed a very few times at Montevideo and Mar del Plata, where many were caught near the end of January and first of February, 1895. Our specimen from Mar del Plata presents the following characters: Total length, 13.5 inches; length without caudal, 12 inches. Head 4 in length without caudal; depth 1.26; eye 4.8 in head; maxillary about 2.08, and mandible 1.84; D. VIII-I, 11+-5 finlets, the longest spine 2 in head; A. I, 10+-5 finlets; pectoral 2 in head. Family CARANGID. 39. PARONA SIGNATA (Jenyns). PALOMETA., Paropsis signata Jenyns, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, V, Fish, 1842, p. 66, pl. xm, northern coast Patagonia.—Prrueta, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 614 (Montevideo; Bacino del Rio Santa Cruz). Parona signata, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 39 (Bahia de Santa Cruz; Bahia Blanca; Mar del Plata; Montevideo). Berg says that this species is very common along the whole coast, and is caught at Montevideo at certain times of the year in enormous @ Fishes North and Mid. Amer., Pt. 1, 1896, pp. 865, 866. 100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. quantities. He calls attention to the fact that the description by Jenyns has been corrected and added to by Steindachner, Liitken, and Perugia, and that the black spot under the pectoral is variable in intensity and extent, and is occasionally absent. Regarding the size attained by this species, Berg says that he saw one measured at Montevideo that was 45 cm. [over 18 inches] long without the tail, and 18 cm. in height. Our collection contains 5 specimens 14.25 to 16.5 inches in total length, from Mar del Plata. The following notes were taken from our largest example: Total length from tip of lower jaw to tip of caudal 16.5 inches; length to fork of caudal 14.75 inches, and to base of caudal 14; depth 2.33 in length without caudal; D. I-I-I-I-I-I, 32, the longest soft rays or anterior lobe, 1.46 in head; A. I-I, 32, the longest rays or anterior lobe, 2.08 in head; head from tip of lower jaw to gill-opening, 3.92 in length without caudal; eye 6.33 in head; snout 4.07; distance from tip of snout to posterior extremity of maxillary a little less than 7 in head; width of posterior extremity of maxillary 1.4 in snout. The soft dorsals of our other specimens contain 33, 39, 34, and 35 rays, respectively. Berg gives the vertical fin counts as D. VU, 1, 33-34 (rara V. 35-I, 36)5 Als 1. 34-36" aa: Family SERRANID 4. 40. PERCICHTHYS TRUCHA (Cuvier and Valenciennes). TRUCHA. Perca trucha Cuvier and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., IX, 1844, p. 429, Rio Negro, Patagonia. Perca levis JeEnyNs, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p. 122, pl. 1, Santa Cruz River, Patagonia. Cuvier and Valenciennes say that this fish seems to abound in the fresh waters, neither ascending from nor descending to the sea; that the inhabitants call it ‘*trucha,” which is the Spanish name for trout. It is also said to be ‘‘ delicate eating” and highly esteemed. It attains a foot in length. Mr. Titcomb found the trucha along with the pejerrey in the Rio Negro in south latitude 39°, but no spawning fish were among them. He found them together at several places also in the Rio Limay and its tributaries early in November. Late in that month they were found spawning in Lake Nahuel Huapi. They seemed to be abundant both in the Rio Limay and in tributaries to the lake, which they ascend at spawning time, which appears to be in December, as Mr. Titcomb obtained spawning fish December 13. The largest trucha seen by Mr. Titcomb was taken in Lake Traful, and measured 48 cm. long. No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHE: —-EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 101 The eggs of a mature female trucha were pouaed and measured. From these data it is estimated that the trucha yields about 35,000 eges to the pound. In the present collection are a number of specimens 1.5 to 16.5 inches long; and we have before us some specimens from Chile kindly loaned by Prof. Samuel Garman, of the Museum of Comparative Zoology in Cam- bridge, Massachusetts, and have examined the types of Percichthys -chilensis Girard, which are in the United States National Museum. A study and comparison of this material indicate that there may be two species represented. Among them are three large examples (15 to 16.5 inches long) which have about their heads a Scizenoid appearance, as mentioned by Cuvier and Valenciennes, and by Kner. There are also about a dozen of smaller size (from 1.5 to 12.5 inches) which bear more resemblance to a perch than toa Scienoid. They agree with the description of P. trucha Cuvier and Valenciennes and with the descrip- tion and figure of P. /xvis Jenyns. Between these two sizes there are some notable differences, but none, perhaps, which may not be accounted for by the difference in size. In the large specimens the eye is somewhat smaller, the inter- orbital wider, and the maxillary longer than in the others. They have also a heavier appearance about the head, and the caudal peduncle seems stouter. The evidence, however, is insufficient to justify us in regarding them as distinct. The following table shows the variation in proportional measure- ments, etc., in the two sizes: Proportional measurements of Percichthys trucha. | Head | | Total | in ‘ ; is | ie length | length Eyein | q_. Maxil- Mandi-) Inter- -re- Locality. No.| “in with- |DePth.| head. | S20Ut-) lary. | bie. |orbital. eet inches.| out | | caudal. | | | a bake Traful 2... .c2c22 ] 16.5 3.33 3.58 7.13 | 3.56 2.74 | 2.14 3.95 5. 36 DOW tetra sete cee 2 16. 25 3. 68 3. 83 7A | 3.70 2.63 | an 4 | 5. 26 WOM Soot cca s eee 3 15 3. 92 4,45 7.39 3.40 2.65 | 2.23 3. 86 | 5. 30 Arroyo Comajo ..-..-.-.. 4] 12.5 3.31 3.88 6.56 3. tm 282s e215 4.59 | 4. 82 WO eect a cscnc cae 5 11.5 3.62 3. 52 ON 4a cere 2. 84 | 2.08 4.43 | 4.58 DOR eee scins See 6 9 3 3.36 6. 50 3.93 DOr aeees 5. 20 | 5, 20 WOM comacceccie 7 7.37 3.10 3.29 5. 26 3.57 OE OA Ne 2i7) 5 5 | Dorsal fin. a fin. | POSH -| Number ae Locality Seales. | Longest | Longest | of gill- aoe Formula. | spinein | Formula. | spine in | rakers. rowerc head. ea Se | passe nly Make Traful ..<.-..22.- GAOIG dea KT Melee ses II-1, 9 | 5.09 { oe it 2.72 3 Z eat ree tauiy 2 * WOR Ree ss sclsticcall 10-70-17 IX-I, 11 3.57 II-I,8 | 6. 25 1 5414 { 2 De seo a... 10-707 | XE) 2.57) TET, 9 Age Wenetae |p.) 1,70 Arroyo Comajo...°.... | 127047) IX4110) 3.08 II-I,8 | 5. 65 H Ae i 2.77 meee ott Miasio-708I 741, AEKAT;10,|~ 9 21445| "> TE-1;8 4a0|/f Brat 2.80 | lf B12 : Mae eo sek fo: iy to-r0er74 Ge DxT.14)| - (2:24 IL-I,8 464 f pti ip 2.50 Diener sth. 10-70-17 | IX-I,10 1.96 IL-1,9 Boi | testa ut bic Fae 3 a | | 102 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. Vor. XXX1, 41. ACANTHISTIUS PATACHONICUS (Jenyns). MERO. Plectropoma patachonica JexyNns, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p. 11, off mouth Rio de la Plata, coast of Patagonia. Acanthistius patagonicus, Berc, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., J), 1895, p. 46 (Costa patagonica; Bahia Blanca; Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Maldonado). Berg reports this species as abundant in all the places mentioned, and points out marked differences between it and A. brasiliensis. Eight specimens in our collection from the market at Buenos Aires measure from 7.75 to 19 inches in total length. There is some varia- tion, according to size, as shown in the accompanying table: Proportional measurements of Acanthistius patachonicus. | Head | | 1 ene EB | Maxil- | Mandi-| | | Tota ength | bye in} a | Maxil- |Mandi-| Inter- | 4.0), ‘length, | with- |DePth.| yeag, | S2out. | lary. ble. | orbital.| S¢@les.| Dorsal. Anal, | out | caudal.| | | | | 19 iy PEE He Eta) 6 4.5 | 2.34 1.88 5. 78 100 XIT, 1,15 III, 8 11+ DOF | 27 Oe sl exOslon alma: | 2.22 1.88 6.538 94 XII, 1,15 I1I,8 9.5 2.23 | 2.68 | 4.80 4.68 2.28 1.93 7.41 94 XAT, 1,15 UL 8 8. 25 DOOM eatin AOS 4.41 2.34 2.14 7.50 97 SOUSA | IIL’8 7.5 9.43 | 2.63 | 4.64 | 4.33 2.19 1.96 "22. 95 NST alist I11,9 The specimens were first preserved in formalin and later placed in alcohol, and the colors have become very much faded; but the ground color of the body seems to be gray, covered with fine reticulations of very dark-brown wavy markings; belly plain brownish and gray with- out markings; head the same; fins all plain brownish, but with wavy brown markings at base of spinous dorsal and scaly portions of soft dorsal and anal. Family SPARIDZ. 42. PAGRUS PAGRUS (Linnzus). Sparus parus Linnmus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1758, p. 279, southern Europe.— Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 49 (Mar del Plata; Montevideo). Pagrus vulgaris, Pervera, Ann. Mus. Ciy. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 612 (Market of Montevideo). Berg says that this species is rather common in Mar del Plata and about Montevideo, and occurs in other localities on the Argentine and Uraguayan coasts. He gives vertical fin and scale formulas, as follows: D. XI 12 to XII, A. 8; scales 6-53 to 56-13. Two specimens in our collection, 12 and 13.37 inches total length, present respectively the following proportions: Head 3.04 and 3.22 in length without caudal; depth 2.55 and 2.68; eye 4.10 and 4.09 in head; D. XII, 10; A. III, 8; scales 7 and 9-56 and 57-14. No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 108 Family SCLANIDA. 43- MACRODON ANCYLODON (Bloch and Schneider). PESCADILLA DEL RED, Lonchurus ancylodon Birocn and Scunerper, Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 102, pl. xxv, Surinam. Ancylodon jaculidens CuviER and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 1830, p. 81, Cayenne. Ancylodon atricauda GixtTHER, Challenger Rept., Zool., I, 1880, p. 12, mouth of the Rio de la Plata. Ancylodon ancylodon, JORDAN and EI1GENMANN, Rept. U.S. Fish Comm., XIV, 1886 (1889), pp. 372, 373 (both coasts of tropical America; Surinam; Panama). Sagenichthys ancylodon, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nae. Buenos Aires, 1V (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 52 (Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Maldonado). Macrodon ancylodon, Git, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XX VI, 1903, p. 1015. According to Berg, this fish is very highly esteemed for its delicate flesh. On account of its comparative scarcity, it brings a rather high price in the markets. Our collection contains 5 individuals from Mar del Plata, from 4 of which the following notes were taken: Proportional measurements of Macrodon ancylodon. | | Head in tps ey | Total | length | Eyein | e z length. | without head. | Snout. | Dorsal. Anal caudal. | | se he 13 3.53 a 6.75 | 4.05 | <-I, 27 I,9 13? 3. 63 | 6.50 4,33 -I) 28 1,10 12.5 3. 61 6 4.16 (-I, 27 I,9 15 3. 60 ie 6. 69 4 =I, 27 | 110 44. CYNOSCION STRIATUS (Cuvier). PESCADILLA. Otilithus striatus CuviER, Régne Animal., 2d ed., 1829, p. 173, note. Otolithus guatucupa, JeNyNs, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Part IV, Fish., 1842, p. 41 (Mal- donado Bay, Rio Plata). Cynoscion striatus, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 56 (Bahia Blanca; Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Maldonado). According to Berg, next to Wicropogon undulatus, this is the most abundant species on the Uruguayan coast, appearing principally in the months of January and February and July and August. Berg gives the fin and scale counts as follows: D. X-I, 19 to 21; A. II, 9 or 10; scales 56 to 60; and says that the anal often has 2 spines (authors give one only), of which the first is very small and concealed. Young Cynoscion regaiis usually has 2 anal spines, and probably small examples of the present species usually have 2, the first grow- ing smaller and disappearing with age. 104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. W e have 2 specimens 18.5 and 19.5 inches long, respectively, pre- senting the following proportional measurements: Head 3.30 in length without caudal; eye 6.20 and 5.90 in head and 1.20 and 1.04 in, interorbital; snout 4.27 and 4.33; maxillary 2.33 and 2.32; mandible 1.85 and 1.88; scales 6-57-5 and 6-62-7; D. VIII-I, 20, and VIII-I, 1S AS Th Sands. 9 45. MICROPOGON UNDULATUS (Linnezus). CORVINA; CURVINA; CURBINA; RONCADERA, Perca undulata Linnevs, Syst. Nat., 12th ed., 1766, p. 483. Micropogon undulatus, GUNTHER, Ghalleneer Rept., Zool., I, 1880, p. 13 (Monte- video); Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 5th ser., 3, July, 1880, p.9 (Rio de la Plata).— Preruara, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 613 (Montevideo).—Brra, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 54 (Bahia Blanca; Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Maldonado). Micropogon furnieri, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, 1V (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 55 (Embocodura del Rio de la Plata; Montevideo). According to Berg, this species is very common on the coast from Parrelo to Maldonado, and the number caught in the Ur uguayan region reaches 3 or 4 millions annually. Berg, on the authority of Giinther, records also MWicropogon fur- nier? from the mouth of Rio de la Plata. Giinther did not consider the South American M/icropogon as dis- tinct from the northern J/. wndulatus. The stated distinctive characters of JZ. furnderi in Jordan and Kigen- mann’s Review of the Sciznide, from an examination of our specimens and comparison with northern J/. undulatus, and ML. furniert from the West Indies, do not seem to obtain. The point regarding the greater regularity of the oblique color-bars perhaps holds good, but these markings are fully as distinct as in JZ. undulatus. The accompanying table shows the proportional measurements of our 9 specimens. Proportional measurement of Micropogon undulatus. | Total |Headin ; ‘ length length yeni Eye in | Snout | Pecto- fal Matos oleae water in ralin | Scales. Dorsal. | Anal. Savaaies, || Oe ~orbital.| head. | head. ‘\caudal, 16. 25 3.18 7.46 1.86 3.39 1.33 7-56-12 Xe 0129" | nes 15. 50 2,81 7.52 1.80 3. 42 1.30 8-57-11 27 ee ns 15. 12 3.33 6. 52 1. 66 3. 26 1.30 7-57-12 Xe L270) oll s8 12.75 3.18 5. 68 1.50 3.25 1.45 7-55-12 XT, 25 |) Ls 12.36 3.25 5. 60 1.46 3. 50 1.42 7-53-12 X,1,24| I1,8 12. 25 3.20) * 5.62 1.46 3.32 D2, 7-58-11 XO Zoeslles 11.50 3. 26 5. 68 1.56 3.37 1.45 7-53-11 IX,1,23 | 11,8 11, 25 3.43 6.538) iscsieteee | 3.10 1.31 8-52-11 NET 28 ule Less 10 3.26 6.5451 eee |! es 1.26 8-52-11 X;128 | IL,8 No. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 105 Family PINGUIPEDID ®. 46. PINGUIPES SOMNAMBULA Berg. SALMON. Pinguipes somnambula Berea, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 61, ‘‘Mar del Plata, Oceanicus Atlantus costze Provincise Bonaé- rensis.”’ One specimen, 24 inches long, which agrees very well with Berg’s description. Head 3.65 in length without caudal; eye 6.08 in head; snout 2.43; maxillary 2.21; mandible 2.14; D. V, 26, fifth spine longest, 4.56 in head, fourth ray longest, 2.51 in head; A. 24; pectoral 1.69, and ventral 1.62 in head; scales 16-102-26. Family PERCOPHID®. 47- PERCOPHIS BRASILIENSIS Quoy and Gaimard. CONGRIO REAL, Percophis brasiliensis Quoy and Gartmarp, Voy. Uranie, Zool., p. 351, 1824, Brésil.—Brre, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 63 (coast of Patagonia; Bahia Blanca; Mar del Plata; Montevideo; Maldonado). Percophis fabre Quoy and GaimarD, Voy. Uranie, Zool., 1824, Atlas, pl. iim, fig. 1. Percophis brasilianus, JeENyNs, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p. 23 (‘‘ Northern Patagonia, Maldonado ”’).—Prruer1a, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 616 (‘‘ Rio della Plata’’).—Gtn- THER, Challenger Rept., Zool., I, 1880, p. 13 (Mouth of the Rio de la Plata, 21 fathoms). According to Berg this fish is common during the winter months, attaining a length of 70cm. We have 2 specimens about 16 and 24 inches long, presenting the following proportional measurements respectively: Head 4.05 and 4.16 in length without caudal; eye 9.1 and 9.35 in head and longer than interorbital width in one and 1.21 in this width in the other; snout 3.65 and 3.74 in head; maxillary 1.93 and 1.83; D. 1X-31, the longest spine 2.67 and 3.27 in head; A. 40 and 37. Family TETRAODONTID 2. 48. LAGOCEPHALUS LAEVIGATUS (Linnzus). Tetraodon levigatus Linnxus, Syst. Nat., 12th ed., 1766, p. 411, Charleston, S. C.—Pervera, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 657 (Montevideo). Lagocephalus levigatus, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., 1D))s 1895, p. 82 (Montevideo; Maldonado). According to Berg, the most southern point from which this species has been obtained is Montevideo, where many, from 25 to 30 cm. In 106 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. total length, have been collected. It appears to be present at all sea- sons of the year. We have 2 specimens 12.75 and 13.5 inches in total length, respec- tively, from the market at Buenos Aires. The following notes were taken from these examples: Head about 3 in length, without caudal; depth 3.95; eye about 4.53 in head; snout 2.08; D. 14; A. 12. Family TRIGLID. 49. PRIONOTUS PUNCTATUS (Bloch). RUBIO. Trigla punctata Buoca, Syst. Ichth., 1793, pl. ccci111, Martinique. Prionotus punctatus, JENYNs, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p. 28 (Bay of Rio de Janeiro).—Bera, Anal. Mus. Nae. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1890, 72 (Mar del Plata; Montevideo). Berg says that though not numerous in individuals this species occurs frequently in the places mentioned, and that it varies much in coloration, he having seen specimens of a very pronounced rosy hue, of a reddish gray, and of a clear plumbeous with more or less distinct black or brownish spots. Six specimens in our collection, from the market at Buenos Aires, probably from Montevideo, having first been preserved in formalin and afterwards kept in alcohol, show almost uniformly the following pattern of coloration: Ground-color on back and sides, dark gray with some indistinct dark spots of various sizes, on some individuals having un appearance of crossbars; spinous dorsal transparent, whitish at base and near spines, sometimes with irregular, faint, dark lines; sometimes with a black margin in the membrane connecting the first 5 spines; second dorsal with 4 or 5 dark spots on each ray; pectoral dark bluish gray with large black spots along upper 6 rays and white between the spots, lower 7 rays with pale membrane between, bluish black on the rays with here and there thin washes or dashes of white. In two specimens we count 95 scales, in the others 100 in longi- tudinal series. The dorsal formula is uniformly X, 12; the anal 10 in one specimen and 11 in all the others. Proportional measurements of Prionotus punctatus. Total |. Head in : | : | Pectoral length in} length | Eyein | gioy;t | Maxil- | Man- Inter- in length | inches. | Without | head. a =) dary. dible. | orbital. | without > eaudal: | | caudal. | | 11. 62 2.74 | 5. 70 2.19 | 2.37 2.19 7.12 2.31 |} 10.50 | 2. 76 6. 25 247) ||. 2.277) 2300 6,25 2.22 } 10.12; 285 | 98120] ee) ang) oor Seale ceeaielncoxg | 10. 00 2.75 | 6. 00 2.08 2.28 | 1.84 6.85 | 2. 23 | 9.50 | 2.77 5.75 2.30 2.55 2.09 6.57 | 2.37 | NO. 1482. ARGENTINA FISHES—EVERMANN AND KENDALL. 107 Family PLEURONECTID 2. 50. PARALICHTHYS PATAGONICUS Jordan and Goss. Paralichthys patagonicus JORDAN and Goss, Rept. U. S. Fish Comm., XIV, 1886 (1889), p. 245, east coast of Patagonia.—Brra, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 77 (Montevideo). Regarding this species, Berg remarks that it is much less abundant than P. brasiliensis and is rather smaller, and that it is distinguished from the latter principally by the shorter gillrakers which are stouter and wider apart, 3+ 11 instead of 4+ 15; by the rather smaller max- illary teeth; eyes closer together; arch of lateral line lower; the salient point of the caudal fin; the body bespattered with small gray spots, and the pectoral bearing black transverse bands. We have one specimen from the market at Buenos Aires. The total length is 12 inches; length without caudal 10.5 inches; depth 2.34 in length without caudal; head 3.8; eye 5.63 in head; snout about 4.78; maxillary 2.16; mandible 1.21; lengthwise series of scales about 100; dorsal, anal, and caudal scaly nearly throughout; D. 80, beginning opposite front of orbit; A. 65 or 66; teeth sharp, equally developed on both sides of each jaw, canine-like in front and smaller posteriorly; gillrakers 3+ 11. 51. ACHIRUS JENYNSI (Giinther). Achirus lineatus, JENYNs, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p. 1389 (Rio de la Plata).—VALENCIENNES in D’Orbigny’s Voyage, 1847, p. 10, pl. xvi, fig. 2 (Cayenne); not of Linnzeus. Solea jenynsi GUNTHER, Cat., IV, 1862, p. 476, after Jenyns.—Peruaia, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Geneva, 2d ser., X (XXX), 1890-91, p. 628 (Belgrano e Rio de la Plata). ? Achirus lorentzii WEYENBERGH, Act. Acad. Nac. Cien. Cordova, III, 1877, p. 13, pl. 1. Jordan and Goss include Achirus lineatus of D’Orbigny’s Voyage, in the synonymy of Achirus lineatus Linneeus, which has a pectoral fin. A. Uineatus of D’Orbigny has no pectoral fin and should there- fore be referred to A. jenyns?. Perugia has thus disposed of it. Perugia also states that, excepting some trifling difference, Achirus lorentzii Weyenbergh could be referred to A. jenyns7, and he doubt- fully places it in the synonymy of that species. Two specimens in the present collection agree essentially with the description of A. jenyns? as given by Jordan and Goss. Total length, respectively, about 7.25 and 5.75 inches. Head 3.63 and 8.387 in length without caudal; depth 1.61 and 1.49; snout 3.72 and 3.68 in head; interorbital 6.83 and 7.77; D. 58 and 61; A. 43 and 42; scales 85 or more. 108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI, 52. SYMPHURUS JENYNSI Evermann and Kendall, new species. Plagusia ? Jenyns, Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. 4, Fish, 1842, p. 140, San Bias, coast of Patagonia. ? Symphurus plagusia, Bera, Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, IV (2d ser., I), 1895, p. 79 (Mar del Plata; Montevideo). Head 6.66 in length without caudal; depth 3.71; eye 13 in head; snout 4.33; D. 108; A. 93; C. 12; scales about 120. Body outline nearly straight from about the first third of its total length to about the posterior two-fifths where it tapers to the base of the caudal, differing in this respect from S. plagusia, which begins to taper at about the anterior third of the length. Teeth small, sharp, close-set, in several series in each jaw, on blind side; no teeth on upper side; eyes close together, about on same line, the lower, if either, slightly advanced; origin of dorsal fin about over front of upper eye. Color (after preservation in formalin and later in alcohol), light yel- lowish brown, with faint darker streaks along the rows of the scales; Fic. 4.—SYMPHURUS JENYNSI. (From the type.) body also with cloudings and irregular, clouded crossbars; dorsal and anal dusky posteriorly, caudal dusky. The single specimen in our collection differs greatly in several respects from S. plagusia, brasiliensis, ornata, tesselata, and all others that have been included in the synonymy of S. plagusia. In shape and number of dorsal and anal rays our specimen resembles S. nebulosus (Goode and Bean®), but it differs from that species in having no teeth on the upper or eyed side. In S. nebulosus the teeth are said to be equally developed on both sides. In S. nebulosus the color is clouded, while in our specimen there are traces of clouded, irregular crossbands. Type.—Cat. No. 55573, U.S.N.M., aspecimen 7.18 inches long, prob- ably from the market at Buenos Aires. Named for Rey. Leonard Jenyns, an excellent naturalist, who wrote the report on the fishes collected by Charles Darwin during the memo- rable voyage of the Beagle around the world. 4 Aphoristia nebulosa Goode and Bean, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XI, No. 5, 1883, p. 192. THE UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS FROM THE MAINLAND OF AMERICA IN THE COLLECTION OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. By Paut Bartscu, Assistant Curator, Division of Mollusks The United States National Museum has from time to time received additions to its collections of this group, some of which have been reported upon by Dr. R. E. C. Stearns,’ Dr. William H. Dall,? and Dr EH. A. Pilsbry.° By far the greater part of the material added in recent years was collected by Messrs. EK. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman in their explo- rations of Mexico, under the auspices of the Biological Survey of the United States Department of Agriculture. Dr. J. N. Rose and Mr. J. H. Painter, of the U.S. National Museum, and Dr. Edward Palmer have also made some interesting discoveries of mollusks in their botan- ical excursions in the same country. The very latest donations have come from Dr. H. Pittier, from Guatemala, and Prof. A. L. Herrera, from Mexico. The two new forms from the United States were collected by Drs. T. W. Stanton and T. Wayland Vaughan, of the United States Geo- logical Survey, and Dr. Edward Palmer. This report would be incomplete without mentioning my indebted- ness to Dr. William H. Dall, Curator of the Division of Mollusks, for many kind suggestions, and to Dr. H. A. Pilsbry for critically com- paring several forms with specimens in the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. EUCALODIUM DECOLLATUM Nyst. There are two specimens of this species in the collection, Cat. No. 186131, U.S.N.M., collected by E. W. Nelson and EK, A. Goldman, at Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico. @Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XIII, 1890, pp. 208-211; XIV, 1891, p. 100. b Nautilus, IX, 1895, No. 5; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X VIII, 1895, pp. 3-5; XIX, 1896, pp. 344-357; Smith Misc. Coll. (Quart. Issue), XLVIII, 1905, pp. 187-190. ¢ Manual of Conchology, XV, 1908; X VI, 1904. PRoceEepINas U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, VOL. XXXI—No. 1483. 109 110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. EUCALODIUM DECOLLATUM GUATEMALENSIS, new subspecies. Plate III, fig. 9. Eucalodium decollatum FiscHrr AND CrossE (in part), Miss. Scient. Mexique, p. 363, pl. xiv, figs. 3 and 3a; not Hucalodium decollatum Nysv. Shell subcylindric, truncated, strong, of light reddish chocolate color. Plug convex and granulose. Whorls ten and one-fourth, moderately rounded, increasing gently in size, marked by many poorly defined, irregular, wavy, thread-like riblets, which are best developed on the posterior whorls. Sutures well marked. Periphery of the last whorl angulated. Base short, of lighter color than the spire, well rounded, showing a strongly impressed umbilical chink, but no perforation. Aperture oblique, suboval; peristome continuous, free, decidedly expanded, and somewhat reflected, white; columella somewhat curved, obsoletely truncated below. Aperture smoky white within. Internal pillar with a strong, smooth, spiral fold. The type, Cat. No. 162307, U.S.N.M., was collected in Guatemala by Godman and measures: Length, 60.9 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 17.5 mm.; greatest diameter of aperture, from the posterior angle to the angle at junction of outer lip and columella, 15 mm. This subspecies appears to agree well with the form cited by Fischer and Crosse as /. decollatum Nyst. The true /. decollatum Nyst is a much larger form. /. decollatum quatemalensis has the color of the form known as ghiesbreghti Pfeiffer. In the structure of the internal axis it agrees with /. decollatum. In guatemalensis, however, the lamella is a little less strongly developed. EUCALODIUM MEXICANUM MAJOR Fischer and Crosse. There is one specimen, Cat. No. 162500, U.S.N.M., in the collection from Guatemala, donated by Dr. H. von Ihering. This has 10 whorls remaining, which measure: Length, 65 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 16.8 mm. EUCALODIUM (OLIGOSTYLUS) BLANDIANUM Fischer and Crosse. There are five specimens of this form in the collection. Two, Cat. No. 25029, U.S.N.M., labeled, Mexico. Two,Cat. No. 23787, U.S.N.M., Eastern Mexico with a ? and one, Cat. No. 10526, U.S.N.M., Orizaba, Mexico. The last was collected by G. Strebel, in 1866. EUCALODIUM (OLIGOSTYLUS) BLANDIANUM MINOR Fischer and Crosse. There are three specimens of this subspecies in the collection, Cat. Nos. 185932 and 185933, U.S.N.M., all from Aculzintgo, Vera Cruz, Mexico, presented by Prof. A. L. Herrera. One of these is a young NO. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. AE individual. The two adults have 8$ and 9 whorls remaining, and measure: Length, 72.3 mm. and 67.8 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorls, 18.4 mm. and 17.3 mm., respectively. EUCALODIUM (OLIGOSTYLUS) WALPOLEANUM Fischer and Crosse. There are three lots of this species in the collection, Cat. No. 32078, two specimens collected by F. Sarg, with the locality label Guatemala. _ Two, Cat. No. 162308, U.S.N.M., from Coban, Guatemala, collected by Godman, and one, Cat. No. 117157, U.S.N.M., collected at the last locality by C. M. Wheatley. The last two have a decidedly stronger spiral sculpture and are also of lighter color than the preceding three specimens. There are two oval white eggs with Cat. No. 32078, U.S.N.M., which have the entire surface uniformly granulose and ~ measure: Length, 5.8mm.; diameter,3.5mm. The five shells measure: Measurements of Eucalodium (Oligostylus) walpoleanum. | inate | | Number of | ame Cat.No. |remaining}| Length. | 0 penu ti- | whorls. } mate | | whorl. | mm. | mm. oes 9% 76.3. | 19.3 | 32078 2 64 17 | | 162308 9} 71.7 | 18 162308 10° | 76.6 ‘it 117157 | 113 | 76.4 | | EUCALODIUM (OLIGOSTYLUS) HIPPOCASTANEUM Dall. The type and tw» specimens, Cat. No. 186137, U.S.N.M., collected by E. W. Nelson, at San Sebastian, Jalisco, Mexico. The type has 6% whorls and measures: Length, 19mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 9.7 mm. The other two have 8 and 74 whorls, respectively, and measure: Length, 31.1 mm., and 29.1 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 10 mm. and 9.4 mm. EUCALODIUM (OLIGOSTYLUS) DENSECOSTATUM Strebel. Two specimens, Cat. No. 73877, U.S.N.M., collected by the Geo- graphic Commission at Mizantla, Mexico. These specimens haye 9 and 8 whorls, respectively, and measure: Length, 38.8 mm. and 35.8 mm.; the diameter of penultimate whorls in both cases is 10.4 mm. EUCALODIUM (OLIGOSTYLUS) SPECIOSUM BOUCARDI Pfeiffer. There are two specimens of this form in the collection, Cat. No. 25033, U.S.N.M., labeled Mexico. The largest has 94, the other 8? whorls. They measure: Length, 52.9 mm., and 48.7mm.; their penul- timate whorls have» diameter of 8.1 mm., and 7.3 mm., respectively. Proc. N. M. vol. xxxi—06 8 ial PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI, EUCALODIUM (OLIGOSTYLUS) SPECIOSUM STREBELI von Martens. There is one specimen in the collection of this form, Cat. No. 10828, U.S.N.M., which has 9 whorls and measures: Length, 44.6 mm; diameter of antipenultimate whorl, 11 mm. The locality given is Veracruz’, Mexico. EUCALODIUM (OLIGOSTYLUS) CEREUM Strebel. The collection contains one specimen of this species, Cat. No. 25038a, U.S.N.M., labeled Mexico. It has 9 whorls remaining which measure: Length, 37.3 mm.; diameter of antipenultimate whorl, 10.3 mm. The fine spiral striations between the sinuous, oblique, closely placed thread-like riblets are well marked. ANISOSPIRA DALLI von Martens. There are twelve adult shells and three apices of this species in the collection, ail but one collected by E. W. Nelson at the type locality, Huilotepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. One specimen domted by Bland, Cat. No. 58055a, U.S.N.M., is said to have come from near Mazatlan, The ten perfect specimens from the type locality neasure: Measurements of Anisospira dalli. | Diameter | ,:; =a ts ‘ | - | Diamster, | Diameter Cat. No. | Reber ee Length. oe penulee | fourti to of first | ae last wiorl. whorl. | mm, mm. | mn, mm, 1073664 ...... 8.2 | 29.3 “il D.3 5.8 1S73665-0o0o | eae 32.6 9 D.5 7 U7S6be esses 8.5 31.3 10.6 1 6 LO 73665.0s0ne | Sina 29.2 10.2 11.2 6.5 1073665: 00 20 e 8.2 | 29.6 10 1).8 6 1O7B66. eee | 7.5 | 29.3 9.7 10.8 6.9 TOTBOOHe een 7D | 28 10 10.8 6.6 107866........ 7 26 10.5 | 106 6.6 OAS as aD, 27.2 10.2 113 1.7 1O7TB66s2C eee ston 29.7 9.5 99 6 Average . 7.9 | 29, 22 9. 88 1072 6.31 a Type Two of the decollated apices measure: Apex measurements of Anisospira dalli. = ei Third | z 2 | Tenth |Fourteenth Name rg whorl from| Wee whorl from) whorl ae apex. | Be | apex. from apex. mm. | mm, | mm, mm. LDA eee ae 3.15 | 3 4.5 5.5 Alo secon oe soe 3.2 3 | Dsl) Bae eee No. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. iS ANISOSPIRA STREBELI Pfeffer. There are three specimens of this species in the collection, Cat. No. 162306, U.S.N.M., collected by Godman at Cerro de Plumes, Oaxaca, Mexico. Measurements of Anisospira strebeli. | Diameter ae ae miata - | Diameter | Diameter Number of Length. ot penulti- of fourth to of first whorls. mate Taetenorl anor! whorl, | /#st whorl.) whorl. | mm. mm. | mm. mm. 7.9 42.7 13 13.4 | i 7.9 38.3 13.4 1B. re 6.7 7.9 38.8 Et hese 7 DISSOTROPIS, new subgenus. Exterior of decollated spire agreeing with Ancsospira. Columella provided with a strong spiral lamella which is situated a little above the floor and a weaker twist or low fold posterior to this. Lamella in the antepenultimate whorl cut by a series of regularly spaced, oblique, forward-slanting slits. Type.— Anisospira (Dissotropis) stearns’, new species. ANISOSPIRA (DISSOTROPIS) STEARNSI, new species. Plate II], fig. 1. Shell subeylindric, milk white. Plug convex, covered on its inner half by rather large granules, outer half evenly, very finely granulose. Exposed columella at the decollated end slightly sigmoid. Whorls moderately convex, angular at the periphery which slightly overhangs the summit of the succeeding whorls, marked by many very regular and regularly spaced obliquely, slanting riblets which are about as wide as the interspaces. There are about 120 riblets on the third to last whorl. Periphery of the last whorl angular, the angle becoming less marked behind the outer lip. Base imperforate, very short, and moderately rounded at the junction of the columellar margin with the preceding whorl, becoming gradually longer and more inflated from there on to the peristome, marked by the continuation of the riblets, which are somewhat flexed and thickened at the periphery and become attenuated and very much crowded toward the umbilicus. Aperture subcircular, bordered by a cord-like, white peristome, which has the appearance on the inside as if it had been melted and flowed over the adjoining wall; columellar folds visible in the aperture, but very weakly developed at this point. In the interior the columella is slender, and provided with a weak, median flexure, which extends throughout the shell, and a strong, spiral lamella. The latter extends through the last five whorls only and is largest in the penultimate whorl, tapering At PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. abruptly anteriorly and more gradually posteriorly. The insertion of this lamella is near the floor of the whorl; from that point it curves upward and outward, then again downward at the free edge. The latter in the penultimate whorl is at about one-third of the distance between the floor and the roof above the floor, and extends about one- third the way across from the columella to the wall. In the penulti- mate whorl the lamella is thickened at regular intervals on its upper surface, lending to this a somewhat beaded effect. These thickenings are not very prominent but rather low and broad. In the antipenul- timate whorl the lamella is cut by a series of regularly spaced, obliquely forward curved slits, which extend about one-third of the way from the periphery of the lamella toward its insertion. The type, Cat. No. 186164, U.S.N.M., was obtained by Dr. R. E. C. Stearns from Bland Fic. 1.—INTERIOR VIEW OF Fig, 2.—DETAIL OF PILLAR OF ANISOSPIRA STEARNSI,. ANISOSPIRA STEARNSI. and is said to come from near Mazatlan. It has 7 whorls and measures: Length, 30mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 11.6 mm.; diameter of fourth to last whorl, 12.5 mm.; diameter of first whorl, 7 mm. ANISOSPIRA (DISSOTROPIS) BLANDI, new species. Plate ITI, fig. 3. Shell subcylindric from the last to the seventh to last whorl, the next two evenly and suddenly contracted, the first is less sloping, and lends the spire a capped appearance. Decollated apex very minutely punc- tured. Plug evenly, finely granulose. Whorls moderately rounded, marked by numerous, equally developed and evenly spaced, low rounded, obliquely backward curved thread-like riblets, of which about 120 occur upon the fourth to last whorl. The spaces between these riblets are a little less than twice as wide as the riblets. Sutures well tmpressed. Periphery of ‘the last whorl angular. Base somewhat — No. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. 15 pinched immediately anterior to the periphery, which renders this area slightly concave; the rest of the base well rounded and marked by the riblets, which are rendered somewhat sinuous in passing over the periphery and the depressed area. Aperture not entirely com- pleted in our specimen, showing the almost obsolete fold. Internal pillar thin in the last whorl, gradually increasing in diameter to 2.3 mm. in the third to last volution, diminishing from there to the decol- lated apex. The pillar has a spiral twist running throughout the spire a little posterior to the middle, and a spiral lamella, which is inserted on the columella, a little above the floor. This fold is almost obsolete in the last whorl, growing gradually stronger posteriorly. It attains its maximum development in the antipe- nultimate volution, where it extends almost one-third of the way across the inside of the whorl; from this point it gradually diminishes in size and disap- pears altogether in the sixth to last volution. In the third and fourth to last volution the lamella is incised at regular intervals by slits, which extend about one-sixth of the way from the edge to the insertion of the columella. The type and only specimen, Cat. No. Fie. 3—Inrerior 58055, U.S.N.M., was obtained from Fic. 4.—Derai or ae Oo © Mr. Bland by Dr. Stearns, andissaidto — gogerma gee” come from near Mazatlan. It has 9.1 whorls which measure: Length, 33.7 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 11.5 mm.; diameter of fifth to last whorl, 12 mm.; diameter of first whorl, 6.1 mm. The present species is a somewhat puzzling form; the puncture at the decollated apex and inflated pillar would place it in Coclocentrum, but the peculiar sculpture of the lamella allies it closely to Anzsospira (Dissotropis) stearns?. CCZELOCENTRUM NELSON I Dall. There are two lots of this species in the collection, the type, Cat. No. 107368, U.S.N.M., and four other specimens, Cat. No. 185902, U.S.N.M., collected by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman, respectively, at Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico. 116 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. The specimens measure: Measurements of Ceelocentrum nelsoni. | | + | Diameter | Diameter | Diameter . | Cat. No. Norberg Length. | of eee of fourth to! of first | pees | | RonCnil last whorl. | whorl. | mm. nm. mm. nim, 107368 4 . 9.1 | O21 17.4 ao 9.1 185902... ORO) 5d 17.6 18.2 9.3 185902. . 8.3 | 49.5 — 17.3 10 185902. . || 45 6.4 16.5 10.5 | 185902... -- b4 | 30. 4 eo 16.5 a ree bt the last four. CGELOCENTRUM PFEFFERI Dall. There are four specimens and two fragments of this species in the collection, Cat. No. 107367, U.S.N.M., all from Ocozocuantla, Chiapas, Mexico Measurements of Colocentrum pfefferri. | Diameter | ,. : - 9 Snes - | Diameter | Diameter | eee Length. | penul: of fourth to} — of first | | cane last whorl.| whorl. aa | = SSS SS SSS | mm. mm. mm. mm. ag.5 | 43.1 15.8 15.7 8.1 8.1 44.5 15.7 15.2 8.5 8.5 42.7 15.5 15 8.3 7.8 38.7 15.4 137, eed aT ype. CCELOCENTRUM PITTIERI, new species. Plate III, fig. 7 Shell elongate conic, turrited, with truncated summit, light brown on the spire, and whitish on the base. The shell attains its greatest diameter in the fourth to last whorl, from which it tapers gradually to the ninth to last; the four whorls preceding this are of almost the same caliber. Plug evenly and minutely granulose. Puncture round, small. Whorls moderately rounded, marked by many quite regular, very narrow and acute, obliquely backward slanting riblets, which are less than half as wide as the spaces between them. These riblets are best developed on the posterior half of the spire; on the anterior half they are less regular, less acute, and much more distantly spaced. On the fifth to last whorl I counted 8 riblets to a space of 2 mm., while on the penultimate whorl only half that number were present. The spaces between the riblets and the sides of the riblets display a fine crinkling, which almost amounts to closely spaced spiral markings. Sutures well marked. Periphery of the last whorl marked by a small thread-like angulation; the space immediately anterior to No 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. ey this is somewhat sunk, lending it the appearance of a broad, shallow groove. The remainder of the base is well rounded and marked by the continuation of the riblets which pass undiminished over the periphery and the groove to the umbilical region, where they become decidedly crowded. Last whorl free for about 1$ mm. Aperture suboval, somewhat angulated at the posterior lateral margin and at the junction of the columellar edge and the lip, showing the edge of the obsoletely truncated pillar within. Peristome yellowish white, some- what thickened, decidedly expanded but not reflected. Internal pillar, 2.5 mm. in diameter in its widest part, provided with a thickened twist in each whorl about one-fourth the height of the whorl above its base. In addition to this the pillar is marked, posterior to the twist, by irregularly developed, low, rounded, smooth, cord-like, oblique folds or threads; in most instances these are not continuous, but are interrupted, forming a series of low, oval, or elongated pro- tuberances. The space anterior to the twist is smooth. There are two specimens of this species in the collection of the U. 8. National Museum Cat. No. 185492, collected by Dr. H. Pittier in the Cave of Sakalkunte, near Senahu, Alta Vera Paz, Guatemala at an altitude of 1,800 meters. Measurements of Ceelocentrum pittier’. | Diameter | Diameter | of penulti-| of fourth | Diameter | Number of Length. | 3 whorls. | mate | tolast of apex. | whorl. | whorl. = -|—— hes eee mm. | mm. mm. mm. a12.7 60.7 | 14.8 14.9 ile 187 64.2 | TB 16.8 7 a Type. Aperture of type from angle to angle, 13 mm., the line at right angles to the center of the above measurement, 10.1 mm. These two specimens are in a semifossil state, and partly incrusted with lime deposits. The left border of the figure is slightly obscured by the deposit in our illustration. The shell superficially has the gen- eral aspect of Celocentrum turris Pfeiffer, but differs markedly from this by its much smaller internal pillar and the sculpture thereof. CG@ZLOCENTRUM PITTIERI GUATEMALENSIS, new: subspecies. ElaerVee ii oma There is one specimen in the collection, Cat. No. 187469, U.S.N.M., collected by Dr. H. Pittier at Secanquim, Alta Vera Paz, Guatemala, at an altitude of 550 meters, which agrees most nearly with C. pittierd, but differs sufficiently to merit a distinct name. It differs from C. pittiert by its smaller size and less tapering early whorl, and by having the riblets more distantly spaced. The whorls, too, are slightly over- 118 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXXT, hanging, giving rise to channeled sutures. The internal column differs from ©. pitt/er/ in having much more regular lamelle, which are rarely interrupted. Between these lamellx there appear irregu- larly rounded nodules and elongate tubercles. The base of the pillar is smooth below the twist in each whorl, as in prttiers. The type has 9.9 whorls and measures: Length, 41.8 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 14 mm.; diameter of fourth to last whorl, 14.3 mm.; diameter of first whorl, 7 mm. PTYCHODONTA, new subgenus, Shell with the exterior aspect of Coelocen- trum ss. Internal pillar about one-third the diameter of the inside of the shell, thin, crossed by many thin, obsolete, oblique lamelle. The pillar bears a moderately strong spiral lamella situated a little below the middle in each whorl, from which a series of slender, curved teeth project outward and forward into the cavity. Fic. 6.—a, PILLAR OF THE THIRD AND FOURTH TO LAST WHORL OF Cd@LOCENTRUM ASTRO- PHOREA; Db, THE PILLAR OF THE PENULTIMATE WHORL OF C@&LOCENTRUM ASTROPHOREFA. Fic. 5.—INTERIOR VIEW OF C@Lo- CENTRUM ASTROPHOREA In the penultimate whorl and the early whorls these teeth give place to broad, triangular spines, which gained the name astrophorea for the type species. CCQELOCENTRUM (PTYCHODONTA) ASTROPHOREA Dall. There are four specimens and two fragments of this form in the collection, Cat. No. 1384696, U.S.N.M., collected by E. W. Nelson at Enearnacion, Hidalgo, Mexico. Measurements of Celocentrum ( Ptychodonta) astrophorea. | Diameter ; Diameter Number of} 7 anet} of penulti- | of seventh ee | whorls. | SE mate, i sitomlastas) i an | | whorl. | whorl. anno | | | mm. | mm. mm. ; mm. 15 29.8" | 7 7.3; | 4.2 13 Ooo 7 7.5 | 5 13 OSeina 7 76.0} 5.1 3 | 26.8 a Mesa 4.9 aType. No. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. 119 CG LOCENTRUM (SPARTOCENTRUM) IRREGULARE Gabb. There are two specimens of this species in the collection, Cat. No. 107326, U.S.N.M., donated by the author. They are part of the type lot, which was collected at Mulege, Lower California. Both are decol- lated. Measurements of Celocentrum (Spartocentrum) irregulare. | Number of | oe | Diameter | whorls re-| Length. ee ee L | of fifth to | maining. | aoe | last whorl. | ; | | ; mm. | mm. mm. 8.1 14.8 3 | 4.5 7 14.5 | 4 | 3.8 CGELOCENTRUM (SPARTOCENTRUM) MINORINUM GABBI Pilsbry. _ There are two lots of this form in the collection of the U.S. National Museum, one, two specimens, Cat. No. 57934, U.S.N.M., is part of the type lot collected by W. M. Gabb at Mulege, Lower California; the other, Cat. No. 187484, U.S.N.M., collected by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman at Guajadami, Lower California, contains sixteen specimens, eight of which are perfect. The following table gives a list of meas- urements: Measurements of Calocentrum (Spartocentrum) minorinum gabbi. | Diameter : - ee ners +; | Diameter | Diameter Cat. No. eer OF Length. oe Denes | of fifth to | of second | rani | last whorl. | whorl, | nem. mm, - | mm, NL. WS74840 ooo. aces 20 29.1 4.6 | 4,6 | 1G WOTABS eee sie cai 17 25 4.6 | AN S| 1.6 W74845 2... 2522 17 26 AyD) 4.5 | eel STAs ka oe: 18 26.4 4.5 | 4.3 | Eien 187484. 00... so. 20 28.7 4.8 | 6 | inal NST484 S22 fe ee 17 25.3 4.8 | Ane 1.38 STAGES S51 oie 18 25.3 4.5 | 1.3 | ard NS7484e2 222. Fee 19 26 4.5 | 4.3 | el "Average -- 18. 25 | 26. 4+ 4.6 | 4, 44 1.68 Largest . -. 20 29. 1 4.8 4.6 | 1.8 Smallest -. 17 25 4.5 4.3 | 1.6 | Ogden eae 16 23.6 4,1 4.3 | Gy | Gy MB ee ae 16 23.6 2 4,2 126 | The Guajadami specimens appear uniformly a little larger than our specimens from Mulege. CGZELOCENTRUM (SPARTOCENTRUM) EISENI Pilsbry. There are two specimens of this species in the collection of the U. S. National Museum, Cat. No. 160503, collected by G. Eisen at Cape St. Lucas, Lower California, and presented to the Museum by 120 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Fred Button. Bone of these specimens is complete, the other has tie apex decollated. Measurements of Colocentrum (Spartocentrum) eiseni. ve Diameter : . | Number | Length. of penulti- Jaeter Diameter | of whorls. | mate esi lav of nucleus. | | whorl. : ears | mm, mm, mm, mm, 23 26.3 3.6 Sal 1.4 Weer eS Ee lhe cases etna 3.6 Be 8.5] Pee eee ene BERENDTIA TAYLORI Pfeiffer. There are three specimens of this species in the collection of the U.S. National Museum. Two, Cat. No. 58653, U.S.N. M., from Mulege, Lower California, and the cinee Cat. No. 160118, U.S.N.M., Lower California, without specific eee EPIROBIA POLYGYRA Pfeiffer. There are two specimens of this species in the collection of the U. S. National Museum, Cat. No. 162319, U.S.N.M., collected by Godman, at Cordoba, Mexico. Measurements of Epirobia polygyra. Diameter | : a | |Number of] yongth fe penulti- | ee Diameter whorls. Sua. mate orl of apex. whorl. wien. | Rasa SEEeES | mm. | mm, mm. | mm. 26 18.3 2.3 ei 0.6 2h 18.8 2.4 1a 0.7 | EPIROBIA POLYGYRELLA von Martens. There are three specimens of this species in the collection of the U. S. National Museum, Cat. No. 162318, U.S.N.M., collected by Godman, at Coban, Guatemala. Measurements of Epirobia polygyrella. Diameter | Dineen of penulti-| of eight- | Diameter | Number of | whorls, Length. mate eenth of apex. | whorl. whorl. wim. mm. | mm | mm. 3 14.8 2 | 2.3 0.8 2 13527] 22, 250 0.5 2s i) 13.9 | 2 | 2.3 0.8 Wo. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. 134 EPIROBIA COAHUILENSIS, new species. Plate IV, fig. 3. Shell small, subulate-conic, light horn yellow. Nuclear whorls three, moderately inflated, smooth, forming a cylindrical tip. Suc- ceeding whorls very low between the sutures, moderately rounded, ornamented by many, very regular and regularly spaced, decidedly sig- moid, thread-like riblets, which are about one-half as wide as the spaces that separate them. I counted fifteen in the space of 1 milli- meter. The sigmoid curve of the riblets is better expressed on the later whorls than on the early ones. Some of the riblets are white and this lends the spire a somewhat mottled appearance. Sutures well impressed. Periphery of the last whorl decidedly angular, base very short, almost flattened, widely umbilicated, marked by the contin- uations of the ribs, which extend into the umbilicus. Last whorl shortly free, having the parietal wall of the aperture projecting for a short distance beyond the penultimate whorl. (Aperture fractured in the type.) Internal column without twist or fold, large, fully one- third the width of the entire shell, thin, translucent, concave in the center of each whorl, broadening toward both ends, crossed by rather distant, thread-like, axial riblets. The two specimens in the U.S. National Museum collection, Cat. No. 187505, were collected by EK. W. Nelson in the Sierra Guadalupe, Coahuila, Mexico. They are not quite adult and it is possible that fully adult specimens may show less of the umbilicus, or may have it completely closed, as in the other known /pirobia. The free last whorl of the type, however, argues against this. Measurements of Epirobia coahuilensis. | ° : | i . | | Diameter | Diameter Diameter littmmiber of Diameter . : 5 5 »f pe i- Pomorie Length. of second of tenth | of twenti- | ‘ ape | whorl. whorl. eth whorl. Soni a nes or ——| = 7 | | mm. mm. mim. | mm, mm, «23 10.8 0.7 1.8 | 2.9 2.7 | - 22 9.5 | 0.7 TS Dts | racer asses ed | aS | | a Type. PROPILSBRYA, new subgenus. Exterior of shell, like Apérobia. Internal column slender, hollow throughout, having a somewhat submedian thread-like fold, which extends over the entire length of the axis. In several of the whorls preceding the last, this fold becomes very much enlarged, forming a strong, spiral lamella. The parietal wall is furnished with a narrow band-like Jamella, which is pendant from the roof, and extends throughout the spire; in the three whorls preceding the penultimate, 122 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. this band re smi eae tomuand: ain teeth, the ee ‘resembling the blade of a narrow saw. Type.—Epirobia (Propilsbrya) nelsoni, new species. EPIROBIA (PROPILSBRYA) NELSONI, new species. Plate IV, fig. 8. Shell subulate, horn colored with white riblets. Nuclear whorls two and one-half, somewhat inflated, smooth under ordinary magnification, but very minutely granulose when viewed under the compound micro- scope. Later whorls well rounded, crossed by many slender, quite regular, obliquely curved riblets, which are about one- third as wide as the spaces between them. The riblets are less developed on the early whorls than in the mid- dle of the spire; in the middle I counted 11 in the space of 1 millimeter. They arestrongest on the penultimate whorl, where only 8 were counted in the space of 1 milli- meter. Periphery of the last whorl somewhat angulated, the angulation becoming less apparent toward the aper- ture. Base rounded, pierced by the small open umbilicus and marked by the continua- tion of the ribs which extend over it and into the umbili- cus. Last whorl solute for about 1} mm. Parietal wall of the solute portion decid. edly pinched at about one- third of the way to the left of the posterior lateral angle, which lends the parietal wall Siar as a sinuous aspect. The so- nosra Nersont, lute portion of the parietal’ eee ae ROBIA NELSONT. wall is crossed by the con- tinuation of the ribs of the outer wall. Aperture semi-oval, the parietal wall representing the short diameter of the oval, angulated at the posterior lateral margin and at the junction of the columella and parietal wall; well rounded anteriorly, showing the weak parietal fold within. Peristome moderately effuse, but not revolute. Internal column slender, perforate, having a somewhat submedian thread-like fold, which extends throughout the entire spire. In the antipenulti- mate and penultimate whorl, this fold becomes very much enlarged, forming a strong lamella, which extends one-fourth of the way across the space between the pillar and the wall. This lamella tapers very rapidly both anteriorly and posteriorly. Transverse septa thin, trans- No. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. 123 parent, Poneed: a a narrow spiral faniclla, Ww hie hj is pendant almost from the middle of the roof of the whorls and extends throughout the entire spire. In the three whorls preceding the penultimate whorl this lamella is furnished with slender, forward-slanting teeth, the whole, in this part, resembling the blade of a narrow saw. There are two specimens of this species in the U.S. National Museum collection, Cat. No. 187504, and one in the Academy of Natural Science, Philadelphia, all collected by EK. W. Nelson in the Sierra Guadelupe, Coahuila, Mexico. Measurements of Epirobia ( Propilsbrya) nelsoni. Sr : Jiameter | Diameter | Diameter | Diameter Length. | of second | of penulti- | Number of of tenth | fi ) 3. whorls whorl. whorl. mate | | whorl. | | _ \ mm. mm, mim. | WNL, ade a20 15.2 9 1.9 ‘ 22 18 9 1.9 | 2.9 | aType. The second specimen has the strong fold on the pillar, extending over the four whorls preceding the penultimate. HOLOSPIRA (HOLOSPIRA) GOLDFUSSI Menke. and HOLOSPIRA (HOLOSPIRA) GOLDFUSSI ANACACHENSIS, new subspecies. Plate IV, fig. 4 ’ The members of this species in our collection group themselves about two centers of distribution. One of these centers, that of the typical ’ form, is New Braunfels; the other has its center in the Anacacha Mountains. The two forms agree quite well in size, as is shown in the accompanying table of measurements. The western form has a lesser number and much more strongly developed ribs than typical goldfussi (see table), and may be known as Holospira (flolospira) goldfussi anacachensis (see table). 124 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. Measurements of Holospira ( Holospira) goldfussi. Diame- Num- ter of | Diameter Cat. No. ber of | Length. | penulti-| of tenth Locality. Collector. whorls. mate whorl. whorl. mm. mm, mm, BGOSE Se Sa see 15 13:3 Bud 3.8 Blanco River....) B. F. Shumard. D6564= oo aseecr acess 15 13,2) | 8 aS yale eter Opcet pee Do. Average .....- 15 13. 25 3.1 3.8 BSNS. iM ieee 3.8 | San Marcos...... R. E. C. Stearns. HSOQOE eer ae nene sem 14 13.1 See De Sian eae GO r ater Do. DSU20E aces sc aie ce cee 13 11.6 Sue Sy Owe | seers CO eee Do.° Average ....-- 13. 66 12.63 | 3.23 3.8 LIQVHG2 + ater 13 12.5 3.4 ~ 3.9 | New Braunfels ../ Gurley. LOST oaacucme em ece 14 13.3 3.0 42 Alea OVS Par sok Do. WDSTDOs <2 se cee ee 13 12.3 3.3 O50" £ | eeees Coys eee se Do. WISTS A. sass asa see 14 12.8 3.3 Seu eee dosed st: 2-22 Do. Leos cess ore nee 13 1203 Sul Laan Orgoteee ee Do. OST 5S me eee sees 13 1223 See Bp Oy eae sae dose tere Do. TOS TDS eee renere ass 14 13.1 3.2 BOO) Uieseee Com shee sees Do. : QTADO Sooners See oe 13 13.3 3.5 Ai Se | ea doe Rear e ee J. A. Singley. D740 ese ere 13 12.5 3.5 4 eee Oe a2 ee Do. 9740: Ve aee eee eeeee 13 LDS 3.2 Ououe lloasae GO Rise ee: Do. O7A50 Se ee 13 12.8 Sue Be aE. ORs es eee Do. TBSAZOO DRS ee aoe 13 12.5 3.2 SO Olue dl es stars doles sae Do. TSAO OES eee eee 14 1S See, SOSLen see Ones cae Do. IRE DI). sygassee lose 13 13 3.6 An soa Boks dole | Do. 134209 S32 SSeS once 13 12.9 3.4 SeOiee tees doeyssaieeee: | Do. WS4209) cee eee 13 13 3.3 SEO ese Oeste Do. Average .....- 13.22+| 12.7 3. 30+} 3. 95+4- Totalaverage.) 13.96 12586 eo ESE SD Measurements of Holospira (Holospira) goldfussi anacachensis. | Diam- Num- eter of |Diameter Cat. No. ber of |Length.| penul- | of tenth Locality. Collector. whorls. timate | whorl. whorl. 1 eee mm. mm. mm. PSR b43e se eee 14 | 13.2 3.4 20 miles north of Brack- | T. W. Stanton. | ettsville, Hilleoal’s | ranch. Sosa eee 14 14.2 3.4 is is Nestor QOt el ete eee Do. NS7H4B0. = ie eee 13 11 3 Sait lee se GO secs teekw esas Do. Average ...; 13. 66+| 12.8 3.26 3. 93 LO O44 Ee se ae 15 14.5 3.3 4 Anacacha Mountains, | T. W. Stanton. 6 to 8 miles east of Spofford. 187544 Sas sec ae 13 12.8 3.5 S19 nol (sae GOL ee eachcs Sep eee Do. S7h44e Soye eee 15 13.8 one 359) Fae (6 oes a Se ee honk Oa Do. IS 75445 5 coe 13 12.5 3.4 Be Mum leans GOnF Total ay- | 13.31 12.47—| 3.25 3.83 | Anacacha Mountain erage. locus. a Type. 126 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. Variation in the number of ribs in Holospira (Holospira) goldfussi. ;. Number of | Number | : + | ribs on pe-| of ribs on ee Cat. No. | nultimate| tenth « Locality. | whorl. whorl. eee are =e os eee S698 t eee 40 | 56 Blanco River. ppp dase eee 307) | 56 Do. 8029S seater | 34. | 56 San Marcos. O87 5S ce eee 34 54 New Braunfels. 7450 Se cena 36 56 Do. | 55. ++ | Average . | 30. + Variations in the number of ribs in Holospira (Holospira) goldfussi anacachensis. | Number of} Number a ribs on pe-| of ribs on ees Cat. No. nultimate tenth Locality. whorl. whorl. 18 7b43 7 ese | 26 36 | 20 miles north of Brackettsville. 18744 ee ere) 24 34 | Anacacha Mountains, 6 to 8 miles east of Spofford. 1875440. 2252s. 24 38 ~ Do. WS7D4D coe. ee oe 22 36 | Anacacha Mountains, 6 miles southwest of Cline. 1O75AD Sooo 20 34 Do. 1875462. s.i22 ee 24 36 | Elm Creek, 6 miles above Eagle Pass. UST DAG sac eee ee 24 40 Do. Average . 23+ 36+} > Number of Holospira (Holospira) goldfussi Menke examined, Number of specimens. Cat. No. Locality. Immature Perfect. and fragments. S603 sewers Blanco; Rivers Texasiss . coh ser eae ee eee eee 1 Ht ti 26004 5 Feat o ee GO acts ESS ete ea eee a a ee ee nye eee i 8 8029 Fe eeaaa se | ‘San, Marcos) Tex. 325. =a. ce emte ee namie eae cise waite eens ac 3 12a DaSeeeeeee IN@w Brauntelss Nex ose cca ae eee Rae etre een eee i 97400 Sasi es tees Ocoee a are ee EEE ONE Se ere 4 134209 e. eetel eee Oe se Soar oes net roe ee See ae Bemeee ne 5 AOS eaesee |; Speciic Locality. 720 exasieiecc om ares nosecee Meee eetie cae ee eeeine 3 Potaliccs||e525 CaS: bse eco aw soe Grows cee eee oe ae ee Se 24 9 | = Sree Number of Holospira (Holospira) goldfussi anacachensis examined. | Number of specimens. Cat. No. Locality. Immature Perfect. and frag- ments. 1529410 2 sce. | Edwards County; Pex 2.552% sec mobs mec see oe ote eee ns Eee eee nae 3 187543. ,.--...)| 20)milesmorth of Brackettsville) Tex <.o2. 2.2 ceecnec ese 3 187544. ....... Anacacha Mountains, 6 to 8 miles East of Spofford, Texas. 28 32 US(O4DEeen eee Anacacha Mountains, 6 miles southwest of Cline, Texas. al7 13 187546........ Elm Creek, 6 miles above Eagle Pass, Texas............. 7 | | Total <:\e. cfs. 2 2sbsd sence eee ae a 55 | ae aOne=type. The type comes from Frying Pan Valley, 6 miles southwest of Cline, Texas. It has 13 whorls and: measures: Length, 12.1 mm.; — diameter of penultimate whorl, 3.2 mm.; diameter of tenth whorl, 3.7 — mm. ‘The penultimate whorl has 22 ribs, the tenth whorl, 30. No. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS BARTSCH. L¢ HOLOSPIRA (HOLOSPIRA) MEXICANA, new species, Plate IV, fig. 9. Shell subcylindric with gradually tapering terminal cone, yellowish horn color, with irregularly distributed whitish areas, resembling frosting. Nuclear whorls two and one-half, the second one inflated, all very finely granulose. Post-nuclear whorls quite well rounded, the greatest convexity falling a little posterior to the middle between sutures. The last three or four whorls are somewhat contracted anteriorly. The whorls are marked by irregular and irregularly spaced, ill-defined riblets, which are best developed on the early whorls and the last half of the last volution. On the fifth whorl there are about 56 of these slender, obliquely backward slanting threads, while the tenth shows no less than 80. On the penultinate whorl the riblets number 48, but are almost obsolete. Periphery and base of the last whorl well rounded, crossed by the riblets which continue into the small perforate umbilicus. The last two milli- meters of the last whorl are solute and built out. There is a well-marked angle extending over the solute portion, at the junc- tion of the parietal wall and the columellar margin. The outer surface of the solute portion is marked by quite strong riblets, which form concentric rings, and these are more closely crowded immedi- diately behind the peristome than farther back. Peristome decidedly expanded but not reflected (accidentally bifid in the posterior lateral margin in tbe type), white-edged, fading gradually to light brown within. Folds not apparent in the aperture. Internal pillar thin, polished, hollow throughout, of almost uniform diameter posterior to the thirteenth whorl; where it is equal to about one-sixth the diameter of the shell, tapering gently anteriorly from the thirteenth whorl, marked by many irregularly spaced, obliquely backward-curved whitish lines. A low, obsolete, somewhat submedian twist extends over the entire pillar. In the antepenultimate and the whorl preced- ing this, the axis bears a strong lamella, which attains its maximum development in the whorl preceding the antepenultimate, beyond which it extends only a half of a turn posteriorly; anteriorly the fold diminishes gradually till it disappears in the penultimate whorl. In the whorl preceding the antepenultimate, a strong, somewhat out- ward-curved spiral lamella hangs from the middle of the roof and extends about halfway down across the chamber, while a strong, low, spiral lamella is raised up from the middle of the floor, leaving only the space of about one-third of the height of the chamber open between these two lamelle. On the inside of the outer lip of the same whorl there is a low spiral keel, which is opposite the open ‘space between the two spiral lamelle just described, that is, a little posterior to the junction of the floor and outer wall. 9 Proc. N, M. vol, xxxi—06 128 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI, The unique type, Cat. No. 73987 U.S. N. M., was collected by E. Lehnert in southwest Mexico. It has 17 whorls and measures: Length, 17.4 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 3.6 mm.; diameter of tenth whorl, 4.1 mm.; diameter of second whorl, 0.8 mm. HOLOSPIRA (HOLOSPIRA) PALMERI, new species. Plate IV, fig.-6. Shell small, slender, subcylindric, terminal cone tapering very gently; light-brown to flesh color. Nuclear whorls two and one-half, very minutely granulose. Succeeding whorls well rounded on the terminal cone, almost flattened on the cylindrical portion of the spire, crossed by many subequal and subequally spaced, regular, obliquely backward slanting thread-like riblets. These riblets are less strongly developed and more closely spaced on the middle of the spire than on the two ends. In the type I counted about 46 on the fifth, 80 upon the tenth, and 56 upon the penultimate whorl. Sutures well marked. Last whorl! prolonged, having the periphery and base well rounded, both of which are crossed by the ribs, which extend into the deep and broad umbilical rimation. Base not perforate. The last two millimeters of the last whorl are solute and built out. The outside of this part is marked by strong continuous ribs, which form a series of concentric¢ circles about it. The parietal wall in the free part is decidedly pinched at about one-third of the way to the left of its junction with the outer wall, which renders the posterior lateral angle keeled. Junction of parietal wall and columella well rounded. Outer wall of solute portion somewhat concave in the middle. Aperture subtriangular, white at the edge, grading to light brown within, peristome expanded but not re- flected. Internal pillar slender, of uniform size, and hollow throughout, marked by an inconspicuous, submedian twist which appears to extend through the spire. In the penultimate whorl this twist is replaced by a strong spiral lamella, which does not extend much either way beyond the confines of this turn. A strong spiral lamella hangs from the roof in the penultimate and antepenultimate whorl; this is situated a little lateral to the middle of the space between pillar and wall and extends about one-third across the chamber. This lamella is strongly outward curved in the antepenultimate whorl. It is marked by many white lines that alternate with hyaline ones. The lines run parallel with the long axis of the lamella. The basal lamella is low, coextensive with the parietal one and opposed to it. The fourth lamella is represented by a low cord on the inside of the outer wall opposite the space between the parietal and basal lamella in the antepenultimate whorl. None of the lamellz extend to the last whorl. The collection contains 48 adults and 29 immature specimens and fragments of this species, Cat. No. 100388, U.S.N.M., from Alvarez Mountains, San Luis Potosi, Mexico, where they were collected by No. 1483. TROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. 129 Dr. E. Palmer, at an altitude of 7,200 feet. The following table gives measurements and average of twenty specimens: Measurements of Holospira (Holospira) palmer. ee “| Diameter Diameter Cat. No Boe as of} rength. | of tenth | Of Penulti- | s. cahonl | mate | whorl. | | mum. mm. | mm, 1008884 .....--.| 7 13.7 2.7 | 2.3 1OUSSSeee eras 16 13.5 Dae 2.3 1OOSBBIE SS ese 16 13 Niel 2.2 LOOSSQE eee ee eee 16 12.5 2.7 2.3 1038S ieee ee. Gr eea| 1N3 2.8 2.4 1008885. e352 1Gion| 12.4 OF ihm Dae | URS Se se eeieee 1G) 4 12 | 2.6 2.3 TO0SSSseseeeee 15 Cnn ei 2.4 TOOSSSa eee ee ae | 10.6 |} 2.7 Deel TOQOBSSee cee eee: 15a 12 | 2.8 De AQOSBSte see aes 5a as 11 | 2.7 S195 WOOSSSitere asec 15pe | 1 eee uo a 2.4 1O0S882eeee see 15a) ONT O72 ea 2.3 A OORSS sone eee 16) | 1973)05| 2.8 | 2.3 TOOSSSae een e ces 1 11.2 2.7 Sal LOOSSS eres eeee 15 113 2.8 2.2 TOOSSSEeeetee-e 15 10.8 Phe DBD UQURSS asco seen 155 || fie? 2.8 DE HOOSSSte eee cee ee iy eS 2.8 2.4 TOUSBRSe eee se 15 1) 2.7 2.4 Totals. 15.5— 11. 93+ Degas 2,29 Largest ...- 17 | 13.7 2a) 2.4 Smallest... 15 | 10.6 | 2.6 | Dil aType. HOLOSPIRA (HOLOSPIRA) INFANTA, new species. Plate III, fig. 4. Shell very small, cylindric, with a short terminal cone. General color bluish white, mottled here and there at widely spaced intervals by dots or streaks of horn color, terminal cone yellow-horn color. Nuclear whorls a little more than two, well rounded, shining, very minutely granulose. Later whorls moderately rounded on the early part of the terminal cone, decidedly flattened on the cylindrical part of the spire. The terminal cone is quite ‘strongly, obliquely, ribbed, while on the cylindrical portion of the spire the ribs become much reduced and are almost obsolete. On the last whorl they are again better developed and pass quite strongly over the slightly angulated periphery and well rounded base into the small umbilical perforation. Base yellowish brown. The last whorl is very shortly free; the pari- etal wall is decidedly pinched about one-third to the left of its junction with the outer wall. Outer wall slightly concaved in the middle behind the peristome. Aperture well rounded anteriorly, angulated at the junction of the outer and peripheral wall, the latter sinuous. Peristome somewhat expanded and slightly reflected, white. Internal column slender, hollow, with a slightly submedian, obsolete twist extending throughout the length of the spire. In the penultimate whorl the twist on the pillar is replaced by a strong, thick lamella 130 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXXI, which is restricted to this volution, appearing only as a strong twist in the last and in the antepenultimate turns. The parietal, basal, and peripheral lamellz are also confined to the penultimate whorl. The parietal one is large and very strongly outward curved, the free edge bent toward the peripheral lamella, which forms a strong. keel and is located about one-third the height of the chamber above the floor. The basal lamella is thick and strong and apposes the outer edge of the columellar fold and not the parietal one as is usually the case. Two narrow slits are thus formed, one between the parietal and peripheral fold, the other between the columellar and basal folds. The unique type, Cat. No. 187650, U.S.N.M., was collected by EK. W. Nelson in the Sierra Guadelupe, Coahuila, Mexico. It has 13} whorls and measures: Length 9.7 mm.; diameter of tenth whorl 2.9 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl 2.7 mm. The diminutive size and the very regular cylindric outline distin- guish this species from all the other known //olospiras. HOLOSPIRA (HOLOSPIRA) PAINTERI, new species. Plate III, fig. 5. Shell small, pupoid, flesh colored to light brown. Nuclear whorls two, well rounded, shining, very minutely granulose. Succeeding whorls rather inflated, those of the conical portion decidedly rounded, the rest rounded on the posterior third between the sutures, the lower two-thirds becoming flattened and somewhat contracted anteriorly. Penultimate whorl somewhat lower than the rest and well rounded. The entire surface is marked by well developed, regular, and regularly spaced obliquely backward-slanting riblets. These riblets are a little more crowded on the middle of the spire than on the cone; in general, they will average about one-half the diameter of the spaces that sepa- rate them; this, however, does not hold on the last. two turns; here they are decidedly more distantly spaced. The type has about 67 ribs upon the fifth, 86 upon the eighth, and 60 upon the penultimate whorls. Periphery of the last whorl very slightly angulated. Base yellow horn-color, imperforate. Both periphery and base are crossed by the riblets which continue into the umbilical rimation. Last whorl free and built out for about one millimeter. The free portion is crossed by sublamellar riblets, which form a series of wavy, concentric rings, that become closely crowded behind the peristome. The solute portion of the outer wall is concayed in the middle and the parietal wall is decidedly pinched about one-fourth of the way to the left of its junction with the outer wall. This renders the posterior lat- eral angle keeled, and gives to the aperture a channeled appearance at this place. Aperture well rounded anteriorly, having the parietal and lateral walls somewhat sinuous. The parietal and columellar folds are both visible deeply within the aperture. Peristome decidedly ex- No. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. 131 panded and somewhat revolute, white, fading to light brown within. Internal pillar slender, hollow throughout, having a low submedian twist, which extends over the entire spire. In the last and penulti- mate whorl this twist is replaced by a moderately strong, rather thick spiral lamella, which is of about equal strength in the two whorls men- tioned; it can be easily seen within the aperture, but does not extend into the penultimate whorl. The parietal lamella extends through the last two turns and is also visible deeply within the aperture ; it is slender, quite wide and decidedly outward curved, the free edge point- ing toward the rounded, cord-like peripheral fold, which is located a little below the middle on the inside of the outer wall; it transverses only part of the penultimate whorl. A narrow slit only separates these two lamelle. The basal lamella is very much reduced and sur- passes the peripheral lamella in height only for about a quarter of a turn. The peripheral fold is visible on the outside of the whorl as a white thread. The collection contains 44 specimens, Cat. No. 187675, U.S.N.M., all collected by J. N. Rose and J. H. Painter, at Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico. The following table gives measurements of twenty specimens: Measurements of Holospira ( Holospira) painteri. ‘ | Diameter \~y : | | Diameter Sey - Cat. No. Siaupen et Length. | of eighth | ot nepult | whorl. ap mm. | mm. | mm. PS ROM iseviaee 10.5 8.4 | Deval 28 LS (Gip zens 2 | 11 Sait. 4| aah 2n0 1SoiGrOereasSe se. 10 8.1 | ark Dies UST OVO= aces ae es 10.5 Sao el Deve 2.4 NSC OUO see sess 10.5 8 | Zul Dm SRG iO seae eo sece 10.5 8.2 | 2.7 2.2 Te7b Teens 11 9.1 | ma) 2.5 ICTY eocsoseae 10.5 8.1 | Deal es tS GiOwasseeo es. 11 Oa Desk 2.2 TS7670 552225202" 10 8 | 2.6 Qe T8/67De-= soe en ee 11 8.5 | 2.6 Dia 187675 11 8 | 2iGa .| Dee 187675. .. aLeTt 8.1 ee Zou 187675. -. 11 8.6 Dell 2.3 . 187675. 1 8.9 | 2.8 2.2 187675. 10.5 a5 De ee, 187675... 11 Delo 2.7 2a8 187675... 10 8.8 Dak ap 187675 10 8.2 | 2.6 et 1S7G7bs Aes: 1 8.3. | 2.7 2.2 a ae | Average...) 10. 65 8. 41 | 27 2.23 Largest ...-! 11 Salina 2.9 2.5 Smallest. ..| 10 7.8 2.6 Dall a Type. 132 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL, XXXI, HOLOSPIRA (HOLOSPIRA) NELSONI Pilsbry. The U. S. National Museum has 43 specimens of this species, Cat. No. 187785, collected by E. W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman at Sierra Guadelupe, Coahuila, Mexico, at an altitude of 9,500 feet. lowing table gives measurements of twenty individuals: Measurements of Holospira ( Holospira) nelsoni. | i | Diameter | Diameter - | Diameter 2 . s . , 3 | Number of | . of thir- | of penulti- Cat. No. whorls. Length. of tenth teenth mate | : : whorl. whorl. mm. mm. mm. mm. | 16 16.8 4.3 4.9 4.5 | 16 16.8 4.6 4.8 4.3 16 16 4.3 4.9 4.5 16 16.9 4.4 4.9 4.5 17 18.5 4.2 4.9 4.5 15 15.8 4.7 5.2 4.7 16 18.5 4.5 5 4.3 16 17d 4,2 4.8 4.6 16 16.9 4.3 4.8 4.3 16 16.6 4.3 4.9 4.5 16 16.3 4.3 4.9 4.4 15 16 4,4 5 4.6 16 16 4.5 5.1 4.7 16 17.5 4.4 5 4.7 16 VES 4.3 5.1 4.6 15 16.4 4.6 4.9 4.5 16 16.3 4.5 5 4.5 é 16 15.4 4.6 | 5.1 4.5 LS TSO see ae 15 16.2 4.5 5.1 4.3 UST 80 es ecceece 16 16.2 4 4.7 4.2 Average ... 15. 85 16.7 4.43 4.95 4.48 Largest .... 17 18. 4.7 5.2 4.7 Smallest | 15 15.4 4 4.7 4,2 HOLOSPIRA (HOLOSPIRA) OAXACANA, new species. Plate IV, fig. 5. Shell quite large, strong, cylindric conic, white. Nuclear whorls two, moderately large, well rounded, very minutely granulose. Ter- minal cone evenly tapering, the last six whorls of the spire quite cylin- drical. The whorls of the cone are a little more rounded than those of the cylindrical portion; they are all crossed by obliquely backward slanting thread-like riblets, which are a little more strongly developed and more distantly spaced on the early and last whorls than the middle ones. ‘There appear to be about 56 of these riblets on the fourth, 160 upon the eighth, and 100 upon the penultimate whorl in the type. Sutures well marked. Periphery of the last whorl slightly angulated. Base short and well rounded. The periphery and base are crossed by the continuations of the riblets, which extend undiminished into the rather deep umbilical rimation. Last whorl free for about one milli- meter. Aperture semioyal, the parietal wall representing the short diameter of the oval white. Peristome broadly expanded but not reflected, white. Internal column very slender, hollow, with an obso- lete submedian twist. In the penultimate whorl this twist is replaced NO. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. 1338 by a moderately developed, spiral lamella, which extends feebly into the first half of the last whorl anteriorly, and hardly reaches to the antepenultimate posteriorly. The parietal lamella is one turn long and is chiefly located in the penultimate whorl, the very much atten- uated anterior portion only extending partly into the last volution. In its greatest development the lamella extends about halfway across the chamber; the lamella is thin and decidedly outward curved in the direction of the peripheral fold. Peripheral fold slender, a mere thread extending through about half a volution, situated about one-third of the height of the chamber above the floor. Basal fold low, coextensive with the parietal member. There are three specimens in the collection of the U. S. National Museum, Cat. No. 175085, collected by C, R. Orcutt at Tomellin, Oaxaca, Mexico. Measurements of Holospira ( Holospira) oaxacana, Diameter | Diameter : Number of of penulti- whorls. | Length. | obtenth mate B whorl. le | | mm. | mm. mm, a12 | 17.5 | BS: | 4.8 12 15.5 5.2 4.7 | 12 15.5 | 5.1 4.6 | } — | a Type. TRISTEMMA, new subgenus. Holospiras having three internal lamelle, i. e., an axial, a parietal, and a basal. Type.—Tlolospira ferrissi Pilsbry. Two species belong to this subgenus, Holospira (Tristemma) ferrissi Pilsbry and Holospira (Tri- stemma) pfeitter? Menke. HOLOSPIRA (TRISTEMMA) FERRISSI Pilsbry. The U. S. National Museum contains three specimens, Cat. No. 189875, of this species, col- lected by J. H. Ferriss at Manilla Mine, Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. These are part of the original lot and were donated by H. A. Pilsbry. Fic. 9—tyrerior vrew or HOLOSPIRA FERRISSI. Measurements of Holospira ferrissi. Diameter | | Diameter . - ; 5 Number of| |... fhaerses of penulti- Cat. No. ae eae Length. | o oe mab Did Ibe OL whorl. | mm. mm. mm. ISOS (DIG pees. <2 11 | 8.1 3.4 3.2 NSO87D ease ee 11 : 8 3.5 Sat SOS7OS SS eet nee | 11 | 8.3 3.4 3.2 a Specimen figured. 134 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI. HOLOSPIRA (EUDISTEMMA) ARIZONENSIS Stearns. There are fourteen fragments and one perfect specimen of this spe- cies in the collection of the U.S. National Museum, Cat. No. 104392, collected by Vernon Bailey in a cave at Dos Cabezas, Arizona. The perfect specimen, which is the type, has 12 whorls and measures: Length, 12.8 mm.; diameter of tenth whorl, 4.2 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 3.8mm. This is the type of Audestemma Dall. HOLOSPIRA (DISTOMOSPIRA) BILAMELLATA Dall. The U. S. National Museum collection contains 35 fragments and 8 perfect specimens of this species, Cat. No. 129990, collected by Maj. E. A. Mearns, on the top of Hachita Grande Mountains, New Mexico. This species is the type of ‘‘Déstomospira,” Dall. The eight perfect specimens measure: Measurements of Holospira (Distomospira) bilamellata. | : Diameter 7 ve | Diameter | --— : Cat. No. Number ot Length. | of twelfth | of poe ee whorl. | whorl. | i‘ | mm. mm. | mm. | WEEE seccesce 17 20.5 4.9 | 4.2 129900! 6.2 Average ... 11. 86 | 23.34 6.54 6.16 Largest .... 12 24.7 Grog 6.4 Smallest... 11 | 22.3 6.2 5.6 a Type. HOLOSPIRA (HAPLOCION) SEMISCULPTA Stearns. There are three specimens in the type lot, Cat. No. 102310, U.S.N.M., which were collected by Dr. T, W. Stanton in the canyon above San Carlos, Chihuahua, Mexico. Measurements of Holospira ( Haplocion) semisculpta. | | Tiameten Diameter Number of) 5 of penulti- whorls. Length. oe tenth mate | | : : whorl. | | | mm. mm. | mm. 14 22.20 || 5.8 5 | 4 23.1 | 6 4.6 | 4.6 | 1a) Sl ge Oe See 5.6 | HOLOSPIRA (HAPLOCION) COAHUILENSIS W. G. Binney. There are two specimens of this species‘in the collection of the U.S. National Museum, Cat. No. 9150, one perfect, the type, and the other a half-grown individual, They were collected by Xantus at NO. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. 145 Cienaga Grande, Coahuila, Mexico. The perfect specimen has 12 whorls and measures: Length, 23 mm.; diameter of eighth whorl, 6.5 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 5.6 mm. HOLOSPIRA (HAPLOCION) MINIMA von Martens. There are two lots of this species in the collection of the U.S. National Museum. One, Cat. No. 126124, U.S.N.M., collected by G. Eisen, in Sonora, Mexico, contains 5 specimens. The other, Cat. No. 56960, U.S.N.M., 6 specimens, donated by W. M. Gabb, comes from Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. These specimens give the following measurements: Measurements of Holospira ( Haplocion) minima. | Diameter 7 a Diameter : ; Cat. No | an ee Length. of ninth of penne whorl. Sa whorl. | mm, mm, mm. 126124 eecmere ee 12a 13.3 4.7 4,2 QO ae oe lanis ar 12 13.3 4.2 4 126124 ee esc cas 12 13 4.2 3.9 SEIGOE SR Se sect 12 13.4 4.4 4 bO9G0R a=. 2s seek 125! 13.4 4.1 3.9 26960 2st es Se aae 12.5 14.6 4.6 | 4 B6960= sass sseees 12 13.6 4.5 4.1 DOIG0 Rei cao cn: 11.5 | 11.8 4.8 4.5 56960 Se sersees « 12 Ley, 4.2 4 Average... 12 13. 23 4.41 4.06 | Largest .... 12.5 | 14.6 4.8 4.5 Smallest... 11.5 | 11.8 ell 3.9 HOLOSPIRA (HAPLOCION) TOWNSENDI, new species. Plate IV, fig. 13. Shell white, cylindric-conic. Nuclear whorls two, very large, pro- jecting decidedly beyond the outline of the spire. The first of these is large, inflated, and well rounded. The second is a little more depressed and decidedly keeled in the middle. Terminal cone long and gently tapering, composed of the seven whorls succeeding the nucleus. These whorls are somewhat overhanging, well rounded and ornamented by many equal and equally spaced obliquely backward curved ribs. Whorls of the cylindrical portion well rounded, having the ribs a little more distantly spaced on the anterior than the pos- terior volution. There appear to be about 38 ribs upon the third whorl (i. e., the first postnuclear whorl), 60 upon the tenth and 38 upon the penultimate volution. Sutures well impressed. Periphery of the last turn angulated, having the ribs somewhat strengthened at this place. Base quite short, rounded, marked by the continuation of the ribs, which taper gradually as they pass into the rather deep umbilical rimation. Last portion of last whorl very shortly free, the expanded portion of the peristome almost touching the outer wall of the preceding turn. Aperture almost circular, with a broadly ex- 146 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXX1, panded, flattened, but not revolute peristome. Internal column thin, hollow throughout, smooth, marked only by lines of growth, some- what oblique and contracted in the last whorl, wider in the penultimate and increasing gently in diameter posteriorly to the beginning of the terminal cone. The column in its widest place is equal to about one- fourth of the diameter of the shell. The unique type has 15 whorls and measures: Leneth, 16 mm.; diameter of eleventh whorl, 4.5 mm.; diameter of aenrlanse: whorl, 4.2 mm. The type, Cat. No. 109215, U.S.N.M., was collected by C. H. T. Townsend, at Cerro Chilicote, Chihuahua, Mexico. HOLOSPIRA (HAPLOCION) FUSCA von Martens. There are three specimens of this species in the collection of the U.S. National Museum, Cat No. 162323, U.S.N.M., collected by God- man, at Omilteme, Guerrero, Mexico. The two perfect specimens measure: Measurements of Holospira Haplocion fusca. | : dle te ‘Diameter of D1ameter of | | Number of 5 : penulti- Whorls, | Length. aout | “mate ie ; | whorl. mm, | mm. mm, 17 12.8 | 3.8 3.2 17 12.6 ae 3.8 3.1 HOLOSPIRA (HAPLOCION) LICHENOPHORA, new species. Plate IV, fig. 7 Shell cylindric-conic, dark horn brown, beautifully variegated with irregular white blotches, which appear as white incrustations upon the brown background when examined under the microscope. Nuclear whorls mederately rounded, very minutely granulose, scarcely differ- entiated from the succeeding turns. Terminal cone gently tapering, having the whorls moderately rounded and marked with ill defined and irregularly spaced riblets. The whorls of the cylindrical portion are moderately rounded, and have the greatest convexity a little pos- terior to the middle, which lends them a somewhat shouldered appear- ance. The riblets on the cylindrical part of the spire are represented by mere lines of growth. Sutures decidedly impressed. Last whorl with the lines of growth strengthened, scarcely ribbed, periphery slightly angulated. Base short, well rounded, marked by the strong lines of growth which extend into the moderately broad, open, umbilicus. Last whorl decidedly free at its extremity. The free portion is a little more than 2 mm. wide at the decidedly angulated junction of the parietal and outer wall. The junction of the columellar and parietal wall is also somewhat angulated and the parietal wall itself is not flat, NO. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. 147 but somewhat sinuous. The entire free portion is encircled by strone lines of growth, which as usual become weaker and more crowded behind the peristome. Aperture small, oblique, broadly oval, the parietal wall representing the short diameter of the oval. Peristome very thin, moderately expanded and somewhat reflexed. Internal pillar large, about one-fifth the diameter of the shell, straight and narrowed to less than half the diameter in the last whorl, thin, marked only by whitish lines of growth. There are three specimens of this species in the collection of the U. S. National Museum, Cat. No. 134699, collected by E. W. Nelson at Encarnacion, Hidalgo, Mexico. The perfect specimen, the type, has 17 whorls and measures: Leneth 15.2 mm.; diameter of thirteenth whorl, 4.2 mm.; diameter of penul- timate whorl, 4 mm. HOLOSPIRA (HAPLOCION) TANTALUS, new species. Plate IT], fig. 6. Shell small, pupoid, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls one and one- half, well rounded, very minutely granulose. ‘Terminal cone gently tapering, having the sloping whorls somewhat overhanging; whorls of the cylindrical portion of the spire moderately rounded. The entire post-nuclear spire is marked by feeble, obliquely backward slanting riblets, which are better developed and a little more distantly spaced on the terminal cone and the last two volutions than on the middle of the spire. There are about 52 of these riblets upon the third whorl, about 100 upon the seventh and about 85 upon the penultimate turn. Sutures well marked. Periphery of the last whorl slightly angulated. Base short, well rounded, deeply rimate, marked by the little riblets. Last whorl scarcely free, the peristome adnate to the outer wall of the preceding volution. Aperture moderately large, subcircular, with a decidedly thickened white peristome, which is broadly expanded and very slightly reflected. Internal column slender, straight, increasing gradually in diameter from the last whorl to the early whorls of the terminal cone, smooth, marked only by whitish lines of growth. There are two specimens of this species in the collection of the U.S. National Museum Cat. No. 29303. They were collected by Dr. Edward Palmer somewhere in Arizona or New Mexico. They have been cited in several places as Holospira pilsbry? Dall, but their internal struc- ture, as well as other features, mark them as quite distinct. The two specimens measure: 148 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXI, Measurements of Holospira ( Haplocion) tantalus. a | : Diameter ° Diameter | : : Number of : ot penulti- whorls. Length. or seuth mate whorl. mm. mm. mm. aii 10. 2 3.3 3.1 11 8.3 3.2 3.1 | a Type. HOLOSPIRA (METASTOMA) ROEMERI Pfeiffer. There are twelve lots, 47 specimens, in the collection from diverse localities. The extent of their variation in size, etc., is noted in the subjoined table. Measurements of Holospira (Metastoma) roemeri. : Diame- Num- Pe ter of Cat. No. ber of | Length.) Gjop¢n | Penulti- Locality. Collector. whorls. erGel mate * | whorl. mm, mm. mm, 137 O9RS See ee 11 3.8 3.3 | New Braunfels.......... Gurley. 300840 oi seaeee 13 13 4 3.6 || BexariCounty-.--------- J. G. Wetherby. OGTR AS eee 14 13.8 4 3.5 | Helotes, Bexar County - Do. 2641S Soc e ase 12 eee 4,2 Bote ease GOs Asc scseciese eee Do. TSSVZGS as coerce 12 11.9 4 3.3 | Japonica, Kerr County .| M. Surber. 188178 ce=- scene 14 14.1 4 3.5 | Headwaters of Nueces | T. W. Stanton and River, Edwards Coun- T. W. Vaughan. ty,and Round Mount, on Uvalde River, Uvalde County. LSS Seeceeece ee 13 12.8 4.5 3.70 essen Ons setedaaee sees Do. SS See aemesene 14 14 4.1 Sah Weerrere! Oban mace ech atee Do PSPS hena- se cae 14 13.8 4.2 SSO aaa GORE ees see pe SSL eeee eens 14 12.8 4 SD! lesnaee OSS o see een eee 152940 oe ecco 13 12.8 4.2 8.5 | Edwards County....-... iT W. ‘Vaughan, 152940) can ) \|esee dower sees Do. PTA a eee at 9 12.3 3.3 Scpley | ser Gorge kee Do. VV sees S53 9 Ue 3.3 BAe eesohe GREE saree Do. DG Ae say ater 9 12.3 3.3 Bea |kietee Ore. seeeee Do. WUT ae ete sinats 9 10.7 3.1 3h oseee donee ace Do. QU TA ae Ses se 8 geil | 2.8 2.6 | eee = GO see aes Do. WL 4 SSA es22ee 9 10.1 | 3 DOr Race Goreseeceses Do. UUTLSO reas. ae 10 13 3.2 3 Fort Dallas ..... | J.G. Cooper. VSO eee ene 9 11 3 OY esac GOs eaaeseee | Do. SG006: 4) oases 9 11.9 3.3 Sen Key Wiestass.-s- H. Hemphill. BO00G Re s52- ask 9 11.9 3.1 QE OM ee es GOivzsteecoe: Do. BOUOSEteaeeecece 10 11.4 3.1 Zab eees Qe aa88 S22k Do, OU06 Sean acer 9 | 9) 3.1 DSi seen G02 seeeer oe Do. BO00G tees sae a 11.4 2.9 Deion \e cee don ese Do. 300062220 cee 9 10.8 3 2S ase Oe eae aeose Do. 61221 2. ase eo 10 12.4 3.1 Ss alters GOneze-ae at W. 'f. Rush. G1 eek see 9 11.8 oo QS nl ees GOste ates Do. G1 22 Eseries 10 12.3 3.2 DO | eee Gost ees: Do. 6I2Q2IE Err eee 9 11.5 3 28) ees dove eee Do, G122N ee. ses: 10 12.4 3 DOV ll eee dows tse Do. 61 221e ce ce naee ee 10 11.2 2.9 BAS. | oneme Vora re Do. 306692 eee eee 9 11.5 3.2 3 Tortugas ....--- Holder. : BOGE9 Rese oe ees 9 12 3 Oe || ete Ome elses Do. Average .. 9.45 | 11. 87 | 3.18 2.93 Largest - - . ts | 14 3.8 3.4 Smallest - - 9 | 959 2.6 2.4 | UROCOPTIS (COCHLODINELLA) POEYANA JEJUNA Gould. There are two lots of this species in the collection of the U. 5. National Museum from Florida, Cat. Nos. 159442, collected by William Offer at Miami, and 117170, five specimens from A. A. Gould, with- out specific locality. Measurements of Urocoptis (Cochlodinella) poeyana jejuna. + . | Cat. No Notre Lengtl Wiene of penal Locality Colleet d ‘at. No. maining | Length. iame- Graate tl oeality. ‘olleetor or donor. whorls. ea whorl. | mm. mm. mm. DO bee ete rae 8 9.4 3 2.6 | MOrid aes sca A. A. Gould. MAO Seite 2 sete 9 9.9 20 Deer lac sve G OLR eee Do. TOE eetainoeeet 8 9.6 pf PO res, ore Govsacentce Do. PUD OR ee eesees 8 8.5 2.6 Dro) erste 0 <42-.=3 Do. TLL Oseaoscoees 8 9 2.8 Db ee ae dost eee Do. 159442 ee seeties 8 9.2 2.8 2.6 | iT seers W. Offer. 159442. ew cccecae 9 9.7 Dik ZO eae Osos ee Do 1594422 se aes 8 10 2.8 2G) Neeinere GOese tees Do. 150442. oleae 8 9.2 2.6 De oer GO sehaeeee Do. 169442. 5.255250 | 9 9.2 2.8 OS Bi wae WO}s 5. 2ee ne Do. Average. ..| 8.2 9.37 2.74 2.5 | Largest....| 9 10 3 263, Smallest... 8 So5 2.6 Di Dis1\ No, 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BA RTSCH. BRACHYPODELLA MORINI Morelet. There are two specimens of this species in the collection of the U.S. National Museum, Cat. No. 32083, collected by Sarg, in Guatemala. Both have lost the apex. Measurements of Brachypodella morini. a ae 7 | | | Diameter | Number of A | Greatest | of penul- | whorls. | oo | diameter. | timate | | whorl. | | EE - | mm. mm. | mm. 14 | 13.2 | 2.5 | 2.1 17 Too) DE ban pal BRACHYPODELLA BOURGUIGNATIANA Ancey. There is one specimen of this species in the collection of the U.S. National Museum, Cat. No. 159594, which has the last ten whorls and measures: Length, 9.6 mm.; greatest diameter, 2.4 mm.; diameter of penultimate whorl, 2.2 mm. The specimen bears the locality labet ** Honduras.” MICROCERAMUS PONTIFICUS Gould. 1 There are three lots, 15 specimens, in the collection of the U. 5. National Museum, which give the following measurements and data: Measurements of Microceramus pontificus. Number | pe ae a | Cat. No. of Length. | Pees Locality. Collector or donor. whorls. | ren mim. mm. | BiO2aenee ss 12 12355 || 4.7 BV ORIG Sy eeee eee Type. MASS s2= ase =| 12 12 | 4 2G OPS ciseaeer Binney coll. ANUS So os220-~=- 12 128 a BAS Nore Goresen ae. =s} Do. it Seea 11 10.1 Busaiy aces doers | Do. ML OS see eee 12 12.3 BS ee uses GOi eae ee sa Do. NODS esac == 11 10.8 4 [ene 6 ope area ae | Do. MLSS sates se 11.5 11.3 Ci Rn emer ORs s fase Do. MOS See sesae5 11 10.1 S62 3 Sastas OOsng2se2520- | Do. 1O9430. = escee = 5 = 11 9.5 3.8 | Miami, Fla....-. | Wm. Offer. 159435 so tees = 11.5 10.5 BIG? Waar Goes sse se | Do. Average .. 11.5 lee 4503) Largest.... 12 TOD 4.7 | Smallest...) 11 9.5 3.6 | 158 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. XXXII. MICROCERAMUS FLORIDANUS Pilsbry. There are eight lots of this species in the collection of the U.S. National Museum, 48 specimens in all. Two lots, Cat. Nos. 47484 U. S.N.M., and 188182 U.S.N.M., are labeled Florida, without specific locality. The other six lots furnish the following data: Measurements of Microceramus floridanus. | | (lan aes enees 3 | Number piamesey | Cat. No. | of | Length. |" nie z Locality. Donor or collector, | W horls. | whorl. | | mm. mm. Oibo leseeee eee | 10 | | 2.9 Sarasota Bay .....---- | R. E. C. Stearns. Dl Galen eee 9 | 6x7) QO Nears Ota cae eee | Do. Si Oo le ae ae | 9 7 Dad Do. BVA so oas seas | 9 6.3 Dr, Do. SOS eee oe ee 9.5 | 4 | ORS Do. BLOolaewe secs 9 6x2 a Do. S1Oodecm esse eee 9.5 ez 29 Do. BiOelicenee eee 9 6.8 2.8 | Do. S0GTA SR: eee 9 8.1 oem | K. Jewett. S0BT4E eee gi Sinnke| 3 Do. S0GT4S = oetasece 9 Senin 3 Do. J0GTA SE eee ee 10 7.8 3 Do. SUG AS eee erias oe 9 Wap Sol Do SOG 4S ee sheen 10 7.9 3 Do. OOGTE ee eeeeee 10 8.2 3 Do. 300 14e seen eee 10 8 332 Do. SIGAA ie Soe eee 10 8.5 3.3 W. H. Dall SIGS Sess 10 8.8 Sie Do. 124345.-22 3:2. S 9 a6 oul Shaws Point, Fla.....- John B. Henderson | and. T. Simpson. 124345 een 9 7.8 Sethe | eee (Lo eee ae tes ae | Do. SO00be eas Eee 10 9.3 3.4 Key West, Bla.----2-. | H. Hemphill. S6005e eee 10 8.9 Se 2 Rosen Goes sus ess Do. BU Casson asc 10 8.7 Shoal ane OOS es hese Do. 3760 sceecee oe ae 10 8.3 3.2 | Key Vaccas, Fla...-.- Do. STOOD aRe ee eee 9 ae) Salen | Seow OOS se5 eee en cee Do. SOIDEee eee 9 7.6 De Sill Saree Goesaage eee eee Do. Average - 9. 46 7.78 | 3.02 Largest... 10 9.3 | 3.3 Smallest. 9 6.2 Davi MICROCERAMUS TEXASIANUS Pilsbry. There are four lots, 56 specimens, in the collection of the U.S. National Museum. Three of these, Cat. Nos. 97456, 123766; and 134211, U.S.N.M., come from New Braunfels, Tex. The other, Cat. No. 126419, U.S.N.M., is from Helotes, Bexar County. Subjoined is a list of 20 average specimens from New Braunfels and that of the Helotes individual. No. 1483. UROCOPTID MOLLUSKS—BARTSCH. Measurements of Microceramus texasianus. = : | Dipti Ree umber o ‘ | of penul- Cat. No ahr. Length. | Granta | whorl. mm. mim, MST OGasrsieeee ee 10 10.2 3.8 W2aKGOsee cess aces 10 10 3.8 DDBIOONe 22s Sale 10 9.7 | Oat BV Oba coman ss 10 9.4 3.6 1231 BO mer ,.e cess 10 10 on TPSOG= Snes see 10 9.6 3.8 SOD eet se cece 10 9.8 3.8 2376622 3: =. <= 10 9.7 Bay Ss OOs eee ase 10 9.6 3.8 MIST OOS ae Lee 9.5 8.% 3.0 WIS 7OG! cso .o8 10 10 oats PO LOGs aces eee 10 9.6 3.7 PISLOG = = = == 10 10.3 3.4 M2 aLOOz es somes 10 9.8 4 M2S7G le eno-2==12 9 8 oo P2SROGsR ea Se 10 9.4 3.4 W2STOOseesen nee 10 9.3 oat HOSTGbe eee ees: 10 | 10.6 3.9 OSTEO Ncee eee 10 | 10. 4 3.7 W202 cess es 10 | 10. 2 Denil Average ..- 9.92 | 9.7 3. 64 Largest.... 10 10.6 4 Smallest... 9 8 ou TAGATO NS Ose 2s 202 9 | 8.6 3.3 MICROCERAMUS MEXICANUS Pfeiffer. 159 There are five lots, 24 specimens, of this species in the collection of the U. S. National Museum, which furnish the following data: Measurements of Microceramus mexicanus. Number De ea Cat. No. of Length. |‘ ReontG Locality. Collector or donor. whorls. | whorl. nen. mm. . HOUR See Seon Gee ss 9 7.8 BROW CtOTIAN. “onc ace mone eens H. A. Pilsbry. MOORE eters aims 12 9 7.4 S598 eam apa ss. eee ee asae ae ve. WEBI = se mee sess 9 7.5 Baba GOs ones eee eee 0. PBIB ER se aot ams 9 leah Sed eee COME ee rte Gone ane shee Do- M2OOR: Senne ances 9 is Bugs tae GO eae oe eee Do. Aes. ee agce ncn 9 1.3 Oa eee ae GOppeee a hee ee eee Do. DRS) ooo ec es 10 10.2 4 Alvarez Mts., San Luis Potosi.| E. Palmer. NO SRO seco je ee at 10 9.5 SUS do Be as ers ses see ie BIOS SO o-oo s esis sae 10 9 eT a ays GOs et eeeciss aoe eestne= oO. MMU ERIe ee bine tsetse 9 9.6 8.8 | 7,200 feet altitude.....-...---- Do. MOSSE eee aaa dee. 9 9.8 Seo ures GOR seeds Sees eee » Do: GDI G Bae ae 22 9 §.3 STAC ityOl Me xa COnss= ese ce meet W cocertn: MOOTAG Seca, ec ierc sa 9 8.4 See ees Ost tn ee eaten ia sta ‘0. ASSIS 4 ash 3, oe anc se 9 8.4 3.4 | Morelos...--.---.------------- Do. 2510 LSS neere 9 7.8 | Sean MiexiGOlme nse -cecee ee aes tee Average ... 9.2 8.41 3.0 Largest .... 10 10.2 |} 4 Smallest... 9 eo 3.2 MICROCERAMUS CONCISUS Morelet. There are two lots of this species in the collection of the Uo National Museum, Cat. No. 188185, from Campeche, Campeche, Mex- ico, consisting of three specimens collected by E. W. Nelson, and Eten viecvol. x